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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/39260-8.txt b/39260-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6f6190f --- /dev/null +++ b/39260-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,9610 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Story of the Great Fire in St. John, +N.B., June 20th, 1877, by George Stewart + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license + + +Title: The Story of the Great Fire in St. John, N.B., June 20th, 1877 + +Author: George Stewart + +Release Date: March 25, 2012 [EBook #39260] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STORY OF THE GREAT FIRE *** + + + + +Produced by Robin Monks, Linda Hamilton, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive) + + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +RUINS OF THE GERMAIN ST. BAPTIST CHURCH BY MOONLIGHT. + +From a Sketch by John C. Miles, Artist.] + + + + + THE STORY + OF THE + =Great Fire in St. John, N.B.= + JUNE 20TH, 1877. + + BY + GEORGE STEWART, JR., + _OF ST. JOHN, N.B._ + + =Toronto:= + BELFORD BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS. + + ST. JOHN, N.B.: R. A. H. MORROW; MONTREAL, P. Q.: + DAWSON BROS.; TORONTO, ONT.: JAS. CLARKE & + CO.; DETROIT, MICH.: CRAIG & TAYLOR; + BOSTON: LOCKWOOD, BROOKS & CO. + + + + +[Illustration: PAPER MANUFACTURED BY CANADA PAPER COY MONTREAL] + +Entered according to the Act of Parliament of Canada, in the year one +thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven, by BELFORD BROTHERS, in the +office of the Minister of Agriculture. + + HUNTER, ROSE, & CO, + PRINTERS AND BINDERS. + TORONTO. + + + + + TO + _GILBERT MURDOCH, C. E._, + MY FIRST FRIEND, + I DEDICATE THIS VOLUME. + =The Author.= + + + + +CONTENTS. + + +CHAPTER I. + PAGE + The Great Fire--Its Extent--Its Terrible Rapidity--A Glance + Backward--What the People Passed Through--The First Fire-- + Protective Movements--The People who Lent the City Money-- + Minor Fires--Fire of 1823--The Great Fire of 1837--The + Calamity of 1839--The Trials of 1841--The King Street Fire 9 + + +CHAPTER II. + + The Late Fire--Its Origin--Bravery of the Firemen--The High + Wind--The Fire's Career--Fighting the Flames--Almost Lost-- + The Escape from the Burning Building--Destruction of Dock + Street--Smyth Street in Flames--The Wharves--Demolition of + Market Square--Something about the Business Houses there-- + The Banks--Fire Checked at North Street 19 + + +CHAPTER III. + + The Fire in King Street--Recollections--The Old Coffee House + Corner--The Stores in King Street--The Old Masonic Hall--The + St. John Hotel--Its Early Days--The Bell Tower--King Square-- + A Night of Horror--The Vultures at Work--Plundering the + Destitute 27 + + +CHAPTER IV. + + The Fire in Germain Street--The First Brick House in St. John + --Old Trinity--The Loyalists--Curious Ideas about Insurance-- + The Rectors of Trinity--The Clock--The Royal Arms 36 + + +CHAPTER V. + + The Old Curiosity Shop on Germain Street--A Quaint Old Place + --"Rubbish Shot Here"--Notman's Studio--The Mother of Methodism + --Destruction of the Germain Street Methodist Church--Burning + of the Academy of Music--The Old Grammar School--Presbyterians + among the Loyalists--The "Auld Kirk"--Saint Andrew's--The Grants + of Land--Legislation--The Building of the Kirk--Ministers--The + "Victoria" in Flames--Fascination of the Fire--The "Victoria" + in Ruins--What might have saved it 48 + + +CHAPTER VI. + + The Odd Fellows' Hall--The Fire in Horsfield Street--The sweep + along Germain Street--The Old Baptist Church--Some Early + Ministers--Two Fiery Ordeals--The Brick Church--The Ruins--The + Bay View Hotel--An Old Landmark Gone--The Blazing Barracks--St. + James's--The Hazon House--St. Malachi's Chapel--The First Roman + Catholic Church 65 + + +CHAPTER VII. + + A Hard-Working Manager--The Dramatic Lyceum--The Temperance + Hall--The Water-Works Building--A Hard Fight--Another Rush + of the Homeless--The Weary March of the Unfortunates--History + of the Water Supply--Early Struggles--Changes--The Old Way-- + The St. John Water Company--Placed in Commission--The Company + to-day 76 + + +CHAPTER VIII. + + Burning of the Leinster Street Baptist Church--The Varley + School--Centenary Chapel--The Gas Works--$17,000 worth of Coal + burned in Ten Days--The Tall Sentinel--St. David's Kirk--The + Reformed Presbyterian Church--The Victoria School--Gigantic + Ruins--An Accident--Sketch of the School-house 90 + + +CHAPTER IX. + + Queen Square--Incidents in the Burning--The Old Pitcher--"God + is burning up the World, and He won't make another"--Saved + from the Flames--Overtaken by Fire Three Times--The Night of + Terror on Queen Square--Alone amidst Perils--The Lone House + on the Square--Three People under a Table--The Sailor--"If I + die to-night, sir, hunt them up"--The Escape--The Deserted + Streets--An Anomaly--The Marine Hospital--What a few Buckets + of Water did--The Wiggins Orphan Asylum--The Block in + Canterbury Street--The _News_ Office--Savings Bank 101 + + +CHAPTER X. + + Incidents--An Old Corner Burned Down--The Lenders and Borrowers + --"Twenty per Cent."--The Shylocks of the Curbstone--The Human + Barometers--The Vultures of Commerce--Chubbe's Corner--The + Old Commercial Bank--The _Telegraph_ Office--The Bank of + New Brunswick--A Hard Worked Cashier--The Post Office--Not + a Mail Lost--Quick Dispatch--The Nethery House and Orangemen + --The Royal Hotel--The Custom House--The Dead of the + Conflagration 114 + + +CHAPTER XI. + + The Old House on the Hill--A Wily Commissary--The Bags of + Gold--What was Done at Midnight--The Dead of Night Deposit-- + The Old Vault--A Timid Money Lender--Mr. Peter Johnson--The + Board of Commissioners--The Old Gentleman's Little Joke--The + Inspection--How it was Discovered--The Fight with the Flames + --"How much will I Get"--What he Got--The Oil Barrels--Dashing + the Water on the Kerosene--A Lively Time on Reed's Point + Wharf--The Bridge of Fire--On the Ferry-Boat--The Western + Union Telegraph Office--The First Despatch 129 + + +CHAPTER XII. + + A Thrilling Incident--The Burning House--The Tall Figure on + the Hall--Escape Cut Off--The Only Way Out--The Street of + Fire--Walking on Coals--The Open Boat--The Way to the Wharf + --Terrible Suffering--The Awful Death on the Street--Worn + Out--The Escape--Saved--The Firemen--How they Fought the Flames 144 + + +CHAPTER XIII. + + A Chapter of Incidents--Agony on Board--Coming Up the Harbour + --The Story of the Moths--The Newly Married Lady's Story--No + Flour--Moving Out--Saving the Drugs--The Man with the Corn + Plasters--Incendiarism--Scenes--Thievery--The Newspapers-- + Enterprise--Blowing Down the Walls--An Act of Bravery--The Fatal + Blast--Danger and Death in the Walls--Accidents--The Fire and + the Church--The Ministers 155 + + +CHAPTER XIV. + + "I went againe to the ruines, for it was no longer a Citty"-- + The Drive by Moonlight--Through the Ruins--After the Fire--A + City of Ashes--The Buried Silver--The Sentinel Chimneys--The + Home of Luxuriance--A Recollection--The Moon and the Church-- + Back again 167 + + +CHAPTER XV. + + Aid for St. John--The First Days--How the Poor were Fed-- + Organization of the St. John Relief and Aid Society--Its + System--How it operates--The Rink--The Car Shed--List of + Moneys and Supplies received--The Noble Contributions 175 + + +CHAPTER XVI. + + The Odd Fellows and the Fire--Relief Committee at Work-- + Searching out the Destitute Brethren--Helping the Sufferers + --The Secret Distribution of Aid--List of Donations 203 + + +CHAPTER XVII. + + The Losses of the Masonic Fraternity--Great Destruction of + Masonic Regalia and Paraphernalia--Organization of the + General Masonic Board of Relief--Amount received in Aid of + the Suffering Brethren 239 + + +CHAPTER XVIII. + + The Destruction--The Loss--Estimates--The Acreage and + Streetage--Has the Land Decreased in Value?--Incomes swept + away--What is Left--Hope!--The Insurance--The Corporation + Loss--The Dominion Loss--Additional Deaths--The Wounded-- + The Orange Body 244 + + +CHAPTER XIX. + + The Books we have Lost--"The Lost Arts"--The Libraries of + St. John which were Burned--The Pictures which were Lost--The + few that were Saved--A Talk about Books and Pictures--The + Future--What St. John Men must Do--Acknowledgments--Conclusion + of the Story of the Fire 259 + + + + + THE STORY + OF THE + GREAT FIRE IN ST. JOHN, N.B. + + + + +CHAPTER I. + + The Great Fire--Its Extent--Its Terrible Rapidity--A Glance + Backward--What the People Passed Through--The First Fire-- + Protective Movements--The People Who Lent the City Money-- + Minor Fires--Fire of 1823--The Great Fire of 1837--The + Calamity of 1839--The Trials of 1841--The King Street Fire. + + +One of the most destructive fires of modern times occurred at St. John, +N.B., on Wednesday, the 20th June, 1877. It was more calamitous in its +character than the terrible conflagration which plunged portions of +Chicago into ruin, and laid waste the great business houses of Boston a +few years ago. In a relative sense, the St. John fire was a greater +calamity, and its people for a time suffered sterner hardships. The fire +in the large American cities was confined to a certain locality, but in +St. John an immense area of territory was destroyed in the incredibly +short space of nine hours, and fully two-fifths of the entire city were +laid in ashes, and one thousand six hundred and twelve houses levelled +to the earth. The fire raged with overwhelming violence, carrying in its +wake everything that came before it. At one time three portions of the +city were burning at once, and all hope of checking the conflagration +died in the hearts of men as the terrific volume of flame thundered and +crackled, and hissed in sheets over their heads. The blinding smoke +rolled heavenwards in a thick heavy mass; the flying embers were carried +along for miles, and the brisk north-western wind brought the destroying +flame to a thousand households. Men and women stood paralyzed in the +streets, fearing the worst and hoping against hope. Those who had worked +all afternoon trying to save their property now sank to the earth and +barely escaped with their lives, for the fire was upon them. Nothing +appeared to stay the march of the fiend. Immense piles, that seemed to +stand like an army of picked guardsmen, were swept away in an instant; +granite, freestone, brick and marble were as ineffectual in staying the +conflagration as the dryest tinder-box houses which fed the flames at +every turn. Even old stone buildings that had stood for sixty years, in +the outskirts of the city, and had withstood many a serious fire before, +now crumbled and tumbled before the conquering scourge.[A] 200 acres +were destroyed, all that part of the city south of King Street, +regiments of houses, stores and public buildings were burned, and the +fire was only stayed when the water-line prevented its going further. +The boundary of the burnt district followed a line on the eastern and +northern sides of Union Street to Mill Street, Mill Street to Dock +Street, northern and eastern sides of Market Square, centre of King +Street to Pitt Street, Pitt Street to its junction with the water; +thence around by the harbour-line to the starting point. In brief, this +was the battle-ground through which the grand charge of the fire was +made--unparalleled in its brilliancy by any similar exploit which the +annals of military deeds unfold. Men, horses, rows of stoutest building +material, steam, water, all succumbed and went down like chaff before +the whirlwind. Nothing was too strong to resist, nothing too weak to +receive clemency. + +A glance at the earlier history of St. John will show that destructive +fires have been of frequent occurrence, and its people have suffered +much from this system of devastation. In 1784, on Friday, the 18th June, +the first fire of which we have any knowledge took place. At that time +it was considered a terrible blow, and the sparse population thought +that many years would elapse before the little city could recover from +the wreck which the fire had made. Eleven houses were burned, and a +large number of discharged soldiers of the 42nd Regiment were the +principal sufferers. About this time a woman and child were burned to +death at the Falls, and seven houses in this quarter were destroyed. + +In April, 1787, the people decided to take active measures for +protection against fire, and accordingly the following document was +drawn up: + + We, the subscribers, taking into our serious consideration the + alarming situation of the city for want of fire-engines and public + wells, should a fire break out in any part of it, and, at the same + time, being sensible of the present inability of the city + corporation to advance money for the purpose, do severally promise + to pay the mayor, aldermen and commonalty, of the City of St. John + (or to such persons as they shall appoint), the several sums + annexed to our names as a loan upon interest, for the purpose of + importing from London two suitable fire-engines, and for sinking a + sufficient number of public wells in this city. + + "Which several sums the said corporation have engaged to repay to + each separate subscriber with interest annually, as soon as their + funds will enable them so to do, as appears by an abstract from the + minutes of the common council, dated the 20th March last: + + "City of St. John, N.B., 5th April, 1787. + + £ s. d. + "Gabriel G. Ludlow (Mayor) 10 0 0 + Ward Chipman (Recorder) 10 0 0 + Jonathan Bliss (Atty.-General) 10 0 0 + James Putnam (Judge) 10 0 0 + Christopher Billop 5 0 0 + Zeph Kingsley 10 0 0 + Samuel Randall 10 0 0 + Gilbert & Hanford 10 0 0 + Isaac Bell 5 0 0 + Robert Parker 10 0 0 + BENEDICT ARNOLD 10 0 0 + William Wyly 10 0 0 + Mark Wright 3 0 0 + C. C. Hall & Co. 5 0 0 + William Pagan 10 0 0 + John Colwell 5 0 0 + Thomas Bean 10 0 0 + Francis Gilbert 5 0 0 + Samuel Hallet 3 0 0 + William Hazen 10 0 0 + James Ruon 5 0 0 + John Califf 4 13 4 + Isaac Lawton 5 0 0 + Samuel Mills 5 0 0 + Paul Bedell 5 0 0 + William Wanton (Collector Custom) 10 0 0 + Adino Paddock, M. D. 5 0 0 + McCall & Codner 10 0 0 + Thomas Horsfield 10 0 0 + John McGeorge } + Thos. Elliot } 10 0 0 + William Bainy } + Thompson & Reed 10 0 0 + Christopher Lowe, (King's Printer) 5 0 0 + W. S. Olive, (Sheriff) 5 0 0 + Wm. Whittaker 5 0 0 + Peter Quin 3 0 0 + Charles Warner 5 0 0 + Abiather Camp 5 0 0 + James Peters 5 0 0 + Daniel Michean 3 0 0 + Fitch Rogers 5 0 0 + Munson Jarvis 5 0 0 + Nehemiah Rodgers 5 0 0 + Edward Sands 3 0 0." + +On the 2nd February, 1786, the corporation paid Peter Fleming £136 6s. +8d. for two fire engines. These must have proved ineffectual, for the +reader will notice that the above loan was made up hardly a year +afterward, and the present sum was raised for the special purpose of +buying London engines, and sinking wells. + +The movement was not inaugurated a moment too soon, for in 1788 the +following year, a fire occurred in the store of General Benedict Arnold, +of revolutionary fame, which threatened to become very serious before it +was got under way. Arnold's store was situate in Lower Cove, where the +sewing machine factory adjoining John E. Turnbull's sash factory stood, +till the late besom of fire swept it away. A good deal of excitement was +occasioned at the time of the fire in Arnold's premises. His former +partner, Hoyt, charged him with setting fire to the store. Arnold sued +him for slander, and recovered a verdict of twenty shillings! + +The next fire broke out in 1816 in a large two-story house on the corner +of Germain and Britain Streets, occupied by a military physician named +Davis. The doctor and his wife were saved from burning by the heroic +conduct of their next door neighbour. A party of soldiers were engaged +the next day sifting the ashes and searching for the silver which had +melted; not a trace of it was found however. + +The fire of 1823 was a very serious one, and caused great destruction. +It began on Disbrow's Wharf and took along with it nearly both sides of +Prince William Street; the old wooden building on the latter street +lately occupied by _The Telegraph_ newspaper, alone escaped. The lot on +which it stood cost Dr. Adino Paddock five shillings in 1786. During +this fire over forty houses were burned, and the loss of property and +goods was estimated at £20,000, which in those days was felt to be +enormous. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +THE NORTHERN AND EASTERN PANORAMIC VIEW OF ST. JOHN, 1828 OR '30.] + +The fire of 1837 will linger long in the memory of many of the +inhabitants of St. John. It was the most wholesale destruction of +property which the people had ever known. Many to-day contrast the +misfortunes of that day with those of the present hour. Even when the +flames were carrying death and destruction on all sides on that warm day +in June, 1877, men stopped to compare notes and whisper a word or two +about the fire of 1837. Of course the loss was not as great then, or the +number of lives lost so large, or so much valuable property destroyed as +at the present time, but the people were less able to bear the trials +which came upon them then, and many never recovered from the shock. The +city was young and struggling to gain a foothold. The city was poor and +the people were frugal. They were not able to bear the burdens which +were in a night entailed upon them, the magnificent system of relief +from outside sources was not in operation, and without help of any kind +save that which they themselves brought into requisition, the citizens +nobly worked long and hard to rebuild their little seaport town. There +was a prejudice against insurance, and many lost every dollar they +possessed. The hardships of those days are remembered by many who +passed through them then, and who once more endure the horrors of a +great calamity with almost Spartan courage. The time of the '37 fire was +in the very heart of a rigorous winter, on the 13th of January, and we +can only picture the destruction of Moscow to enable the reader to +understand how terrible the sufferings of the people must have been, +when snow and ice were on the ground, and not a shelter covered the +heads of the afflicted women and tender babes. It was a day remembered +long after by those who had passed through its trials. The fire +originated on Peters's Wharf, and in a moment, like lightning, it darted +along South Market Wharf and extended up to the ferry boat. Both sides +of Water Street and Prince William Street between Cooper's Alley and +Princess Street were destroyed. The old Nichols House was saved; it was +occupied then by Solomon Nichols and stood on the corner of Cooper's +Alley and Prince William Street, lately the site of Farrall & Smith's +dry goods store. It was originally built of wood and it was a marvel +that it was not carried away with the rest; but it stood like an oasis +in Sahara, or the old sentinel who was left on guard and forgotten after +the army had fled. One hundred and fifteen houses were consumed, and +nearly the whole of the business portion of the city, and one million +dollars' worth of property were destroyed. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +MARITIME BLOCK (1873) SHOWING VIEW OF PRINCE WILLIAM ST. + +Climo, Photo.] + +Hardly had the people recovered from the disaster of 1837, when another +scourge came upon them causing nearly as much destruction as before. +This was in August, 1839, when a fire started in Nelson Street and +burned the entire north wharf, both sides of Dock Street, Market Square, +with the exception of the house standing on the site now occupied by the +Bank of British North America, and a house on Union Street west, +occupied by Mr. Hegan. It didn't cross Prince William Street. The old +Government House, Union Street, escaped. + +The spring of 1841, 17th March, was the scene of another fire, when four +lives were lost and much excitement prevailed. Mr. Holdsworth, of +Holdsworth & Daniel, (London House) perished while endeavouring to keep +off the sparks from the roof of his store. + +On the 26th August, a £30,000 fire in Portland carried off sixty houses; +and on the 15th November, 1841, a fire broke out on the South Wharf and +burned the whole of that wharf together with Peter's Wharf, south side +of Water Street, and the large brick Market-house in Market Square, +which was occupied by butchers in the ground flat, and used for the +civic offices in the second story. This building could have been saved, +and was lost through gross carelessness. Incendiarism was rampant and +the greatest excitement filled the public mind. + +In 1845, 29th July, forty buildings were burned from a fire which took +its start in Water Street, and in 1849 the famous King Street fire broke +out in a store in Lawrence's building. The Commercial Hotel, then kept +by the late Israel Fellows, father of James I. Fellows, Chemist, was +destroyed, together with the Tower of Trinity Church, which had to be +pulled down that the Church might be saved. Pilot Mills climbed to the +cupola and secured the fastenings by which it was brought to the ground. + +The fire in Prince William Street of March 8th of the present year, +which broke out in the building owned by the Ennis and Gardner estate, +and resulted in the loss of seven lives and nearly two millions of +dollars' worth of property, is still fresh in the minds of our readers. + +Thus the reader will see that St. John has had a goodly share of the +great fires, which, in a moment lay prostrate a city, and plunge her +inhabitants into almost hopeless ruin. We come now to that day of our +last and greatest tribulation when the city was shook to its very +foundation and was well nigh thrown out of existence. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[A] The exact acreage, from actual measurement is 200 acres; +streetage, 9.6 miles. + + + + +CHAPTER II. + + The Late Fire--Its Origin--Bravery of the Firemen--The High + Wind--The Fire's Career--Fighting the Flames--Almost Lost-- + The Escape from the Burning Building--Destruction of Dock + Street--Smyth Street in Flames--The Wharves--Demolition of + Market Square--Something about the Business Houses there-- + The Banks--Fire checked at North Street. + + +The great fire, for we must distinguish it by that title, since in +vastness it overpowers all other similar calamities which have befallen +St. John, originated in the late Joseph Fairweather's building, York +Point, Portland, at half past two on Wednesday afternoon, 20th June. The +writer and Mr. Frederick R. Fairweather were walking down King Street at +the time of the alarm, and, in company with hundreds of others, visited +the scene of what promised at the time to be a very small affair indeed. +When the place was reached, McLaughlin's boiler shop was in flames and +all efforts of the firemen to put out the fire were checkmated at every +turn by the fierce north-west wind which was blowing a perfect gale. In +a few minutes the fire spread with alarming rapidity, and houses went +down as if a mine of powder had exploded and razed them. The wind lifted +from the roofs immense brands and sparks, and by three o'clock the city +was in flames at a dozen points. Lower Cove was on fire, and the dryness +of the houses rendered them as useless to withstand the blaze as bits of +paper would have been. The huge blazing brands were carried along in +the air for miles around, and where-ever they dropped a house went down. +The engines were powerless, and the firemen, though they worked like +heroes, availed but little. The wild, mad flames, now in sheets, now +with a million tongues of angry fork-like columns, dashed against the +wharves, levelling them to the water's edge, ripping up the pavements of +the streets, and crushing houses out of existence in a single swoop. +Nothing could be done. The leaping demon swept all before him. Hare's +Wharf with its buildings bowed before the destroyer, and with a roar +which thrilled every heart, and unnerved every man who stood there, the +whole force of the fire dashed into Smyth Street and shattered every +building in it. J. W. Nicholson's wine vaults, Harrison's flour +warehouse, Logan & Lindsay's storehouse, Robertson Place, which exceeded +in value half a million of dollars, were snapped up in a second. The +flames spread into Drury Lane and Mill Street, and soon both sides of +Dock Street were in the common ruin. But while this was going on, the +rear of the London House, in Market Square, was threatened and the old +barracks in Lower Cove were on fire. A reinforcement from Carleton and +Portland fire departments came to the assistance of the firemen at this +juncture, and every man worked with a will. The hose was directed with +admirable expertness but the high wind baffled the efforts of all who +stood before it. It could rise higher than the water, and it could +travel faster than man. A mass of flames at the end of Smyth Street and +Drury Lane burned close to an engine, but the dauntless firemen, +holding boards over their heads to protect their faces and eyes from the +heat, gave battle to the relentless foe. It was a fight of water and +human endurance against fire, and fire prevailed in the end. The unequal +combat lasted some minutes, and it was only when death seemed imminent +that the men drew away, and even then they only yielded the ground inch +by inch, till they could no longer stand up before the charging enemy. +The fire was now going with headlong speed down Dock Street. Frantic +women wildly sobbing filled the roads with the few sticks of furniture +and portions of bedding which they had managed to save. Children +hastened along crying aloud, and making the scene more dreadful as they +ran barefooted over the hot sidewalk. Men with picture frames and books +rushed past, calling and threatening, and moaning. It was a scene +terrible in its reality. People were driven from street to street, and +hurled forward, till, with horror in their blanched faces, they turned +and saw in their rear the wild flames hemming them in. With many a +shriek they dashed into the side streets. Some ran along Water Street, +only to meet the flames there, and a few sought refuge in rafts and +boats, and sped to Carleton, losing in the excitement every dollar they +owned in the world. The old McSweeney lime-stone building, which came to +a point on the corner of Union and Dock Streets, early succumbed and was +a mass of crumbling ruins. It was near this edifice that a woman rescued +her child from instant death, and pulled her away just in time to +escape being buried in a mass of stone, which came tumbling down in a +thousand pieces. The Rankine bakery, another building known far and +wide, suffered demolition, and was soon a heap of ruins. Some young men, +three in number, entered a store on Mill Street, to avoid the dust and +smoke. In a little while they saw with agony the flames burst in upon +them from the rear door, ten or twelve feet from the entrance. They +called for help, and attempted to gain an exit from the place which was +now filled with heavy black smoke. Three times they sought the door, and +every minute they began to realize the imminence of their danger. The +flames and smoke drove them back, and now the water from the hose came +tearing into their faces, knocking their breath away, and saturating +them with the wet. Two jumped with the frenzy of madmen and the wildness +of despair, and landed into the street safe, but paralysed with fear. +The other man groped his way on his hands and knees along the floor and +felt for the door. He succeeded after enduring much suffering, in +crawling into the street. All that these three saved was on their backs. +In the midst of the commotion in Dock Street, merchants were busily +engaged in securing their books and private papers, and hurrying out +with them. Some trusted to their safes and locked their doors. The sweep +in this street was a clear one. The old "Hammond House" went shortly +after the McSweeney building, and the Figaro Opera House followed +shortly after. This building was built a few years ago, as an exhibition +hall, by Otis Small, Esq., and leased to Major George Bishop, as a +concert room. He occupied it awhile, and Pete Lee succeeded him in the +lesseeship and management of the concern. Some excellent performances of +the variety kind have been given in this building. The hall was +comfortably seated and tastefully arranged. Latterly it was converted, +by Prof. Neilson, into a ball-room and dancing academy, when it received +its new name, "Figaro Opera House." + +Dock Street was soon in ashes, and it was while this street was burning +that a grand rush was made by the merchants and private bankers, to the +Bank of New Brunswick. Piles of bank notes, bills of exchange, +mortgages, bonds, specie, books of account, ledgers, &c., &c., were +placed in tin boxes, when practicable, and deposited, through the +courtesy of George Schofield, Esq., of the bank, into the vaults. They +were not a moment too soon, for now the splendid front of the Market +Square was in a blaze, and Hall & Fairweather's store on South Wharf was +burning. An immense amount of damage was being done. On this square a +vast deal of business had been done for many years, and leading +merchants had made and lost fortunes on its site. The London House, +Messrs. Daniel & Boyd's wholesale establishment, represented a large +value. It stood in the centre of the square, and the gradual sinking of +this structure was a sad but grandly imposing sight. It was here where +enterprise was to be found, and Daniel & Boyd's name was ever the +synonym for honesty, integrity, and truth. It was in this spacious +warehouse where the busy merchants were to be seen, eager to help the +young men of the city, and anxious to develop the resources of the +country. In every good work, in every deed of charity, Thomas W. Daniel +and John Boyd headed the list, and to them many a young merchant to-day +is indebted for that teaching, which, in after life, made him honourable +in his dealings. This prominent house was started in 1831 by Holdsworth +& Daniel. The fire of 1839 carried their store away, and for a while the +firm occupied the store known as Jardine's, Prince William Street. In +1839, the land on the market square was purchased by Mr. Thos. Daniel +for £4,000. (In 1811 this place was used as a blacksmith's shop.) In +1847, Mr. Thomas Daniel left the firm and went to England. His nephew, +the present head of the house, Thos. W. Daniel, began business on his +own account, and soon after 1852, he admitted John Boyd as a partner in +the house, under the style of T. W. Daniel & Co. Shortly after the style +of this firm was changed to Daniel & Boyd. On the corner to the right of +Daniel & Boyd, No. 1 Market Square, was the staunch old drug +establishment of the late W. O. Smith, Esq. Mr. Smith, the father of our +present ex-Mayor, opened here after the fire of 1839, and the business +has been conducted here till the late fire, by his son, A. Chipman +Smith, since 1871, when his father died in March of that year. In the +adjoining store, so many years occupied by Lawton & Vassie, Messrs. +Manchester, Robertson & Allison, may be said to have begun business. +They left here, W. W. Jordan taking the store, to occupy their +commodious premises in King Street, which alone kept off the fire +from the north side of King Street. The saving of this building was one +of the marvels of the present calamity. It really held the key to the +whole of this side of the street. But for the laundry and the well +managed protective means employed by the firm and their friends, the +destruction of this house and the entire street would have been +accomplished. Men stood idly in the courtway folding their arms and +telling one another that the building could not possibly be saved, when +Mr. Manchester, in his short impulsive way, told them if every one did +as they were doing, it could not; but he intended to use every effort in +his power before he gave it up. The firemen here worked with a will, and +were rewarded with a splendid result. It was on this side of the street +that the Western Union Telegraph Office was situated, and it and Mr. J. +W. Hall's new building were the first to go. The Maritime Block--a +splendid structure--in which the banks, Maritime, Montreal and Nova +Scotia, were established, and which faced the Market Square, went down +while it was yet daylight. In this building the offices of the school +trustees, Dun, Wiman & Co., A. P. Rolph, Lumber Exchange, and Board of +Trade were held. While Mr. Rolph was engaged in getting his things ready +to move out, Mr. Richard Thompson's men were hastening in with +silver-ware and jewelry, thinking in their excitement that this building +was at all events safe. Mr. Thompson's loss is very heavy, and the +damage to his elegant and costly stock is considerable. The lot on which +the Sheffield House stood was offered some years ago, at private sale, +to John Wilmot, Esq., father of Senator R. Duncan Wilmot, by James +Brimner, for £2,000. Mr. Wilmot refused it, and attended the auction +sale when it was knocked down to him for £2,950. The police office went +next, Watts & Turner's, H. & H. McCullough's, and round again to the +north wharf, carrying Lewin & Allingham, Chas. R. Ray, W. H. Thorne & +Co. (retail), and Thomas M. Reed, along with it. The destruction on the +north wharf totally demolished the establishment of Jas. Domville & Co., +and the books of the firm which had been taken to the Maritime Bank for +safe keeping, were subsequently burned there. The saving of the Bank of +British North America, the only monetary institution in the city which +resumed business the next day as usual, was one of those wonderful +events which only occur at rare intervals. The fire roared lustily in +the rear of the bank, but something seemed to command it to halt there, +and advance no further. A large barn went down, and now it was deemed +certain that the bank would go next, but no, the fire crossed the +square, dashed along Water Street, cut into Ward Street, destroyed a +slip full of schooners and wood boats, slipped into Tilton's Alley, and +rushed along with frightful rapidity on both sides of every thoroughfare +in its way. On the one side of the city the fire was stopped at North +Street, having reached J. & T. Robinson's house and store. + +[Illustration: THE BUILDING WHICH PREVENTED THE FIRE FROM EXTENDING UP +KING ST.] + + + + +CHAPTER III. + + The Fire in King Street--Recollections--The Old Coffee House + Corner--The Stores in King Street--The Old Masonic Hall--The + St. John Hotel--Its Early Days--The Bell Tower--King Square-- + A Night of Horror--The Vultures at Work--Plundering the + Destitute. + + +The fire entered King Street in the western side from Germain and +Canterbury Streets. It began by burning down Lawton & Vassie's brick +store, erected on the site which contained the famous Bragg building. +This stout building and Bowes & Evan's premises were soon buried in the +common ruin. The fire went along King Street, destroying Mr. Sharp's dry +goods store, Jas. Adams & Co's., James Manson's magnificent palace, +including his safe and all his valuable papers, John K. Storey's and +Magee Bros., Imperial Block. This last place is quite historic. This +block was erected in 1852, by the late John Gillis. It was built on the +site where the memorable coffee house stood. Here of an evening for +years and years the old men of the place used to sit and gossip and +smoke and sip their toddy. Here in 1815 they met to learn the news of +the war between France and England, and read the story of Waterloo four +or five months after it was fought and won. In this sort of Shakspeare +tavern, the leading merchants of the day met and chatted over large +sales, and compared notes. Here a verbal commercial agency was +established, and here delightful old gossips, like busy Sam Pepys and +garrulous old busybodies, like Johnson's Bozzy, met and told each other +all about everybody else's affairs. What a time these old fellows had +every night sitting there in that quaint old coffee house, chatting and +smoking, smoking and chatting again. And there were Ben Jonsons in those +days, who wrote dramatic pieces and showed them to their friends over a +cup of hot spiced rum. And poets too, full of the tender passion, sighed +out hexameters of love in that old coffee house so dear to some of the +men we meet to-day who lost everything in the flames on that dark +Wednesday in June. Ah, yes, the grand old coffee house was torn down in +1852 to make room for the handsome pile of stone and brick which +perished only the other day. The corner is again bare, and the few who +remember the coffee house are fast passing away. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +KING STREET.] + +The fire now gained great headway, and soon it was seen taking +prodigious leaps, going ahead, and then seemingly to dart back again and +finish what it had already begun. The people everywhere were in the +wildest state of excitement. In the back streets the fire was +progressing and destroying the residences of the men who were trying to +save their business property in the marts of commerce. People sent car +loads of their more valuable goods to places which appeared to be safe, +but which turned out in the end to be of only temporary security. Men +had their stores burned at four and five o'clock, and their goods burned +at seven and eight o'clock. It was only putting off the evil for a few +brief hours. Cartmen charged wildly and exorbitantly--some having to +pay as high as fifty dollars to have carted away a cartload of stuff. On +every roof in King Street clerks and employers stood with hose and +buckets of water, but nothing that man could do or devise held the +flames at bay, or kept them off for the brief space of a moment. The +fire was determined on a clean sweep, and despite the most strenuous +exertions it had its own way, and baffled the efforts of those who +attempted to stay its fierce will. Beek's corner, lately in the +occupancy of H. R. Smith, bookseller, and a perfect feeder of a fire +like this, was an easy prey, and with a loud roar its rafters fell, and +a well-known corner was no more. Mullin's shoe store, a building of +similar construction, went down in another moment, and now the only +brick building in the block from Canterbury Street to Germain Street was +attacked by the fire. This was Pine's brick building, a fine structure +which several years ago Mr. George Jury Pine built, and in which I. & F. +Burpee commenced business, and George Stewart, of Stewart & White, began +trade. Messrs. Della, Torre & Co. occupied No. 30, and Geo. Stewart, +Jr., Druggist, held the other store, No. 32. The present owner of the +building, Stephen Whittaker, of Fredericton, had lately begun the +erection of a spacious rear addition, and improvements on a liberal +scale had been commenced in the upper stories. The rest of the building +was known as the Russell House. This building went to pieces about six +o'clock. The photograph rooms were destroyed before Pine's building +went, and the flames sped quickly, carrying before them the stores of +Bardsley Bros., Scott & Binning, W. K. Crawford, Geo. Salmon, and +Hanington Bros.' drug store, formerly Fellows & Co.'s establishment on +Foster's Corner, corner King and Germain Streets. The contents of this +store were quickly snapped up by the fire, and pills and plasters, soaps +and perfumes were spilled about in hopeless profusion and confusion. Mr. +T. H. Hall's twin buildings were across the street, but a barrier like +that was an easy jump for the infuriated flames. They leaped into the +windows, attacked the wood-work, and with a strong pull the two splendid +stone buildings were borne to the ground, and thousands of dollars' +worth of property lay scattered about in all directions. Mr. Hall +occupied the corner store as a book-store, and T. L. Coughlan had the +other. Dr. J. M. C. Fiske, dentist held the room overhead.[B] The Gordon +House, Fred. S. Skinner's grocery store, a row of wooden shanties, +Landry's brick building, with a rich stock of organs in it, Logan, +Lindsay & Co.'s large grocery, A. & J. Hay's, Geo. Nixon's, Wm. Warn's +bath-rooms, W. H. Watson's, Geo. Suffren's, W. H. Patterson's, Taylor & +Dockrill's, George Sparrow's, R. McAndrew's, and the United States +Hotel, only lived a short time in the very heart of the fire. + +[Illustration: PINE'S BRICK BUILDING KING ST., THE ONLY BRICK BUILDING +BETWEEN CANTERBURY AND GERMAIN STS.] + +The fire closed here for a moment, engaging a building dear from long +and good service to the people of St. John, and eminently historical in +its way. The United States Hotel, as Mr. Hinch, the photographer, called +it, when he took possession of it a few years since, was known for many +years as the old Masonic Hall. It stood on the corner of King Street and +Charlotte Street, and was commenced by the Free and Accepted Masons in +1816. It was decided to erect this Temple of Masonry at a meeting of the +craft held April 1, 1816. The lot of land was leased from the +corporation of Trinity Church, and on the 28th September following the +corner-stone was laid, on which was inscribed the following:-- + +"This stone of the Masonic Hall was laid on 28th Sept., 1816, of the era +of Masonry 5816, and the reign of George the Third, King of the United +Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in the mayoralty of John Robinson, +Esq., by Thomas Wetmore, Esq., H.M. Attorney-General of N.B., as Grand +Master, substitute of John Pike, Esq,. Grand Master of the Society of +Masons, Nova Scotia, and the jurisdiction thereof." + +[Illustration: BELL TOWER AND KING SQUARE.] + +The movement was not successful in a pecuniary sense, for in 1819 the +building was sold at sheriffs sale, at suit of James Hendricks. The +purchaser was Israel Lawson. Mr. Lawson had the building completed, and +leased the third or upper story to the Masons. The room was 60 feet by +30 feet, with two large ante-rooms. It was in this room that all the +concerts, balls, public parties, and public meetings given in the city +were held for many years. Up to 1836 the house was known as the Masonic +Hall, but after this year its name was changed. The St. John Hotel +Company was formed, and the building was purchased from Mr. Lawson and +converted into a hotel. It was called the "St. John Hotel," and Mr. +Cyrus Stockwell father of the Honourable Mr. Stockwell, editor of the +_Boston Journal_, opened it on May 24th, 1837. He was its first +proprietor. A copy of the company's original seal is given below. It was +made of brass, and was two inches in diameter. + +[Illustration] + +This was the first hotel in St. John. It was here that Governor-General +Poulet Thompson and Lord Elgin stopped, and all the notables who from +time to time visited the city. In 1840, Mr. Stockwell retired, and +Messrs. W. & J. Scammell succeeded him in the management of the hotel. +These enterprising gentlemen set to work at once to remodel the +building, and they soon had it in splendid working order. The same +energy which the present firm of Scammell Bros. throw into their +business, was characteristic of the old firm of Scammell Bros. in 1840. +In 1851, W. & J. Scammell left the St. John Hotel, and took up their +quarters in the Waverley House, nearly opposite. The picture which +accompanies this sketch of the old hotel represents the building as +it appeared in 1837. It is taken from an old picture, and as but two or +three copies were known to exist before the late fire, it is a question +now if more then one copy was saved. The old St. John Hotel is full of +associations, pleasurable in every case, to travellers who used to come +to St. John thirty and forty years ago. Even in 1858, when Messrs. +Whitney & Adams kept it, it was still a home for the stranger. There was +a freedom about its old rooms, and a positive luxuriance which one looks +for in vain in the hotels of our later days. About 1861-62, people used +to sit in Ned Sharland's book-store, which was on the ground-flat, and +sketch the Bell-tower, which was then certainly "a thing of beauty," +even if Mr. Warner found it the reverse in 1874, when he climbed up to +the triumphal arch and found it was made of wood, painted and sanded, +instead of solid stone, as he thought it was. This bell-tower was +erected in 1851, and the large bell which for years tolled out that fire +was at hand, was made in 1852, and came from Meneely's, West Troy, New +York. Before that day, men struck a gong from a scaffold whenever there +was a fire. The tower was useful even in its latter days, if its beauty +had departed three years ago. The cut which we supply will give the +reader at a distance some idea of the old tower, as it appeared in its +lusty young days. When the city comes to be built up again, the site of +the late hotel must not be forgotten. It is eminently adapted for an +hotel. It is centrally located, and has a frontage of 120 feet on King +Street, by 100 feet on Charlotte Street. King Square did much to stay +the onward march of the fire. It was a haven of rest for those weary +ones who were flying from the flames, with the few things they had saved +from the burning. It was the camping ground of the soldiery, and the +hospital bed of the sick and wounded, who were borne to the fresh grass, +and laid there until help was brought to them. The Square, the first few +days of the fire, was filled with furniture, and books, and household +utensils. It was in this square that half-famished women, that night, +hugged their little ones to their hearts, and rocked them, hungry and +cold, on the sward till they went to sleep, only to awaken again and cry +for something to eat. It was here that women gathered into slips the +flying feathers that danced upon the grass and were the playthings of +the wind, trying to save enough of what remained to make a rest for +their heads. It was here they sat with wildly staring eyes, looking out +into the night, while all around them the embers flew about, and the +heavens were red with the sporting flames. It was before this that the +Bell-tower fell with a deafening crash, and many a heart quailed in the +Square, for this told that another historic fragment was swept away, and +that the terrible fire was near at hand. Sobbing children ceased their +wailing for a time, and feeble mothers prayed that God in His mercy +might avert the calamity, and stay the warring flames. There was no more +sleep for the tired ones. They must wander about, ringing their hands +and crying aloud in their awful despair. Even men who had faced a +thousand dangers, quailed before the advance of the fire. The streets +were alive with hurrying pedestrians. Horses were driven at breakneck +speed, and the clattering hoofs told that danger was at hand. Human +vultures stood, with their "pickers and stealers," ready to pounce upon +everything that could be seized, and the presence of an appalling danger +did not deter them from plundering the unfortunate and the destitute. It +was the old war again, of the strong against the weak and powerless. A +female vampire helped a widow lady to gather her little things together +in a bundle, while her children stole the silver and jewelry, and made +off with their plunder. Rough half-grown men stopped children in the +streets, and snatched from their arms the treasured fragments from a +broken home, which they were trying to rescue from the elemental +spoiler. Loafers and thieves held high carnival, and despite the agony +which was felt on all sides, these miscreants never for an instant +forgot that they were thieves, or neglected to ply their calling when +chance threw anything in their way. All night they roamed the streets, +and thrived on the misfortunes of others. Ask them for assistance, and +they knocked you down. Give them something to hold a minute, and they +made off with it. The vilest scum that ever filled a penitentiary +stalked abroad that night, and their lawlessness but added to the horror +of the hour. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +VIEW OF KING ST., SHOWING ST. JOHN HOTEL, 1837.] + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +NORTH SIDE KING ST. AND BELL TOWER.] + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[B] The Orangemen of St. John District met in this hall. + + + + +CHAPTER IV. + + The fire in Germain Street--The first brick house in St. John-- + Old Trinity--The Loyalists--Curious ideas about insurance--The + rectors of Trinity--The Clock--The Royal Arms. + + +The fire along Germain Street was of great volume, and dealt out +destruction in a thoroughly wholesale manner. A good many buildings of +more than ordinary note were situate in this pleasant street, and to +these may be added a large number of churches, some of them being of +especial importance in an historical point of view. The fire came along +briskly, carrying Foster's Corner, Foster's shoe store, and the little +buildings adjoining, till it reached Dr. Ring's residence, the old +Disbrow property, the first brick house in St. John. The doctor had +lately improved it by extensive building operations, but in an hour or +two hardly a fragment remained to mark the spot, save parts of the +well-built walls and the tall chimneys. Mrs. Chas. K. Cameron's +millinery store and Hamilton & Lounsbury's place of business were in the +two stores in this building, and they very soon were lost to sight. +Lordly, Howe & Co.'s furniture warerooms, filled with new stock, were +greedily devoured by the flames, and Geo. Hutchinson, jr., who kept the +time ball in working order, lost all his jewelry and stock. The precious +stones and gold and silver ornaments in his safe were totally ruined +also. The Mansion Hotel, a small boarding house, was soon among the +general mass of debris, and the fire whizzed across the street, and +directed its entire force on Old Trinity. First the steeple went, and +then the whole body of the old church was in a sheet of flame, and there +was barely time left to save the historic Royal Arms which Captain Frank +B. Hazen got out of the building, and a few prayer books in the vestry, +and the minister's surplices, which Colonel Chas. R. Ray rescued from +destruction. The communion plate was in a safe, and it too was saved; +but this was all. During the burning of this sacred edifice the greatest +consternation prevailed among the people who lined the streets. Now +surely there was no resisting the fire. The hoarse roar of the tornado +of flame seemed to sound like a mocking laugh, and when the rafters of +the oldest church in the city fell with a dull thud, all felt as if a +friend had been torn ruthlessly from their gaze. Many exhibited real +emotion; and there were women who cried that afternoon, as they thought +of this last relic of their loyalist forefathers being swept away in the +cruel and all-devouring fire. Trinity Church has a very remarkable +history of its own, and the picture which we supply of it will be +perhaps the most attractive of our illustrations to the great mass of +the residents of the city. It was ever a monument of the piety and +religious tenets of our first settlers. A heritage which they left to +their children. It never laid claims to architectural beauty, but it was +commodious and homely; and men felt while inside its grand old walls +that there was something more than the mere name in religion after all, +and the word which they heard was true and good. The Loyalists who +settled here in 1783, on that memorable 18th of May, were composed of +that stuff which the poet tells us warriors sometimes feel, and they +diligently set to work to build on this sterile, rocky soil a city that +future ages would acknowledge. They had thrift, integrity, great zeal, +enterprise and piety, and these attributes were their strongest points. +The man who possesses all these characteristics can give battle to the +world and he will conquer. They had true courage in them, these +pioneers. They had stability, nerve and character, and were just the men +to found a city and plant the seeds of civilization in a community. They +erected simple houses at first, and then a church was built in which +they could worship that God who had befriended them and journeyed with +them to their new homes. The first church was erected in Germain Street, +between Duke and Queen Streets, in the lot where Mr. James McMillan +lived till he was burned out of it the other day. The faith adopted here +was that of the Church of England--as the major portion of the Loyalists +were of that persuasion. When the city lots were divided, the "Old +Burial Ground" was laid aside for church and burial purposes, and at the +south-west corner--where the court-house now stands--it was intended to +build a church, and a frame for that object was obtained. The fire of +1784, however, passed over this section of the city, and the founders +changed their ideas about the locality in which the projected edifice +should stand. The Germain Street building had not been consecrated, and +the people continued to worship there until 1791, when the Trinity +Church was erected. The first church then continued to be occupied by +various denominations, by the Methodists first, and then by the +Baptists, until meeting-houses and chapels of their own could be built; +latterly it was used as a private dwelling-house and school-house. The +first sermon in Trinity was preached on Christmas Day, 1791, by Rev. Dr. +Mather Byles, rector. The following year a bell was put up, and, in 1803 +or 1804, stoves, for the first time, were placed in the church. The +first Bishop of Nova Scotia, Right Reverend Dr. Charles Inglis, +performed the consecration services of the church. This eminent divine +was grandfather of Major-General Sir John Inglis, whose deeds of valour +at Lucknow will never be forgotten while glorious exploits in military +history live in the memory of men. Thomas Horsfield and Fitch Rogers +were the first church-wardens of Trinity, and the vestrymen were Hon. +Gabriel Ludlow, Ward Chipman, Munson Jarvis, Thomas Whitlock, Nathan +Smith, Thomas Elmes, William Hazen, Colin Campbell, Nehemiah Rogers, +Isaac Lawton, Thomas Bean, and Samuel Hallet; vestry clerk, Colin +Campbell; sexton, James McPherson. General Coffin and Thomas Whitlock +gave the ground for the building, and Messrs. Bean & Dowling were the +builders. This Mr. Bean was the gentleman who, in June, 1811, when the +church wanted to borrow £200, agreed to lend it that sum on the express +condition that the insurance policy then on the building should be at +once cancelled. An order was passed cancelling the policy without delay. +Thus was Trinity for a while without insurance. Had Mr. Bean's ideas +prevailed to-day the congregation would, in all likelihood, mourn the +loss of $20,000, which is the amount that was on the building at the +time of the fire. When the edifice was finished, it was found to be of a +peculiar shape, and its breadth was out of all proportion to its length. +This was not an accident, however, for the builders wisely thought the +city would grow, and that as the requirements of the people needed it, +the church might be made larger. Little change had taken place in the +interior arrangements of the church at the time of its destruction. The +same pews had stood over four score of years, and all the alteration +that was made was a slight cutting down of the backs of some of the +centre ones. The side pews remained the original height. For +seventy-three years the old organ has been in constant use in Trinity. +It was brought from London in 1804, and cost a good round sum. The +freight on it alone was one hundred guineas, but the owner of the vessel +which brought it over, Hon. Wm. Pagan, remitted the amount back to the +corporation of the church. To its last days, this organ has been a good +instrument. In 1792, Mr. William Thomson presented Trinity with a bell, +for which he received a cordial vote of thanks. This bell was in active +service till 1857, when the bell which tolled a few days ago its last +sad peals, was mounted in the belfry. The town-clock, as every one was +accustomed to call the clock which told of the passing hours, too, has a +history. In 1810, Mr. John Venning erected the tower and cupola. He +had nearly completed his work one May morning, when owing to a light +fall of snow the staging became slippery, and when Mr. Venning stepped +upon it he slipped from it to the roof, and from thence to the ground, +where he was picked up dead. In 1812, the clock was placed in position, +and has remained there, till the events of Wednesday ended its career. +Barraud, of Cornhill, London, was the maker, and it cost £221 19s. +sterling; the Common Council voted £50 towards it. Up to 1814, the +church paid for having the time-piece wound, and in this year the +winding cost £6 15s., when the church people decided that they would no +longer attend to this service, and maintained that the commonalty should +see to it. The Council, on December 24th, 1814, resolved to act on the +suggestions of the Church corporation, and took upon themselves the duty +of keeping the clock wound up and in repair. Edward Taylor assisted in +putting up the clock and assumed control of it, till Mr. Wm. Hutchinson, +father of Geo. Hutchinson, jr., took charge of it. Previous to 1857, it +had three dials, but in this year a fourth was added, and a spire was +placed upon the church. + +[Illustration: TRINITY CHURCH.] + +In 1811-12 the church was lengthened, and in 1857 it was enlarged again. + +The first rector was the Rev. George Bisset, A. M., an Englishman. +Before the revolutionary war he was assistant to the rector of Trinity +Church, at Newport, Rhode Island. He became, two years later, the rector +of that church, and remained in that position until 1779, when the +British forces evacuated the island, and Mr. Bisset went to New York. +At the close of the war he came to St. John and was chosen rector of the +new parish. In 1786, he went to England on private and public business, +and while there raised quite a large sum to further the interests of his +church, and to assist materially in the building of the edifice. But in +1788, without seeing his hopes realized, he died, and was buried in the +Germain Street church-yard, and subsequently his remains were interred +in the Putnam tomb, in the old burial ground, where they still lie. + +A Harvard graduate of the class of 1751, was the next rector of Trinity, +the Rev. Mather Byles, D.D. For fifteen years, he had laboured as a +Congregational minister at New London, and then left that church to link +his fortunes with the Episcopalians. He joined the Church and became +rector of Christ's Church, Boston, Mass. He left his charge, when the +British troops abandoned Boston, and went to Halifax, N. S., where he +became Garrison chaplain. When Mr. Bisset died Dr. Byles removed to St. +John, was made rector, and preached, as we have said, the first sermon +that was ever preached in Trinity Church. In his latter days Dr. Byles +was very infirm and required an assistant. He was rector of St. John for +26 years, and died at the age of 80 in March, 1814, loved, honoured and +respected. He was a man of fine parts, an excellent talker, of quick and +lively nature, and he possessed a rich fund of anecdote and humour. A +bundle of his sayings and doings has been published. + +Rev. George Pidgeon was the third rector. He was a learned graduate of +Trinity College, Dublin, and was born in Kilkenny, Ireland, in 1761. He +was an ensign in the rifles, and had served in America during the war. +He subsequently went to Halifax, took orders in the Church, became +rector of Fredericton and Ecclesiastical Commissary for the Province in +1795, and in 1814, on the death of the incumbent, he was made rector of +St. John. His health failed him, however, and for a time the church was +closed, when finally he died, May 6th, 1818. He was buried in the old +burial ground, and his monument may still be seen there. + +The fourth rector was the Rev. Dr. Robert Willis--a Navy chaplain and a +very eminent man. His ship was at Halifax coaling, when intelligence +reached him that Mr. Pidgeon was seriously ill, and that the church in +St. John was closed in consequence. He left at once for St. John where +he officiated for several weeks, and on the death of Mr. Pidgeon was +chosen rector. The Stone Church and St. George's, Carleton, were erected +during his incumbency, and this caused a division in the Parish. Dr. +Willis became rector of St. Paul's, Halifax, in 1825, and Arch-Deacon of +Nova Scotia, which offices he held until the year 1865, when he died at +the age of 80. He was the father of Rev. Cuthbert Willis, rector of +Salisbury, who was formerly of the 15th regiment of foot. + +In 1825 the Rev. Benjamin Gerrish Gray, D.D., succeeded Dr. Willis as +rector of St. John. He was born in Boston 1768, and on the departure of +the British troops from that city, while yet a child, he went with his +father to Halifax. He graduated at King's College, Windsor, completed +his education in England, and was ordained minister in 1796 by Bishop +Inglis at Halifax. Some years were spent by him as minister among the +Maroons, a discontented body of savages which the British Government +placed in Nova Scotia to the great annoyance and fear of the +inhabitants. The Doctor spent several years in connection with various +missions throughout Nova Scotia until 1819, when he became rector of St. +George's, Halifax. He laboured as rector in St. John on the death of Dr. +Willis, for fifteen years, when in 1840 he resigned his position. He +lived till 1854, when at the advanced age of 86 he died full of honours +and respect. He was a man of elevated tastes and liberal ideas. He loved +science, art and literature, and was a well informed and polished writer +and thinker. In 1833 one of the greatest calamities which ever befell +man happened to Dr. Gray. His house in Wellington Row took fire, and +before aid could come it was burned to the ground, together with the +rector's wife and a female domestic. No sympathy could alleviate the +suffering of the distracted husband, no words of man could take away the +agony of his deep grief and sorrow. It pressed heavily upon his mind, +and he was never again the same man. At this fire he lost his valuable +library which contained many rare and costly books and manuscripts, +together with the complete records of his parish. + +He was succeeded by his son, Rev. John William D. Gray, D.D., a very +able man. He was born in 1798, at Halifax, and graduated at King's +College, Windsor. He became rector of Amherst, N.S., and in 1825, when +Dr. Willis resigned his office in St. John, a movement was made to get +the rectorship for Dr. Gray. This was not done, however, for the father +was appointed, and the son became his assistant. In 1840, on the +retirement of Dr. Benjamin Gray, the sixth rector received the +appointment which he held until his death, in 1868. For twenty-eight +years this eminent clergyman laboured for his church and his people, and +all remember him as a kindly, thoughtful, generous man. He had abilities +of the highest order, and, whether as a preacher or a writer, his +reputation filled no second place. He wrote with a nerve and a boldness +which carried all before it, and his extensive erudition and vast powers +of concentration of thought made his works valued and esteemed. His +notable writings were chiefly controversial pamphlets, and few entered +the lists with him and gained a victory. His vigorous pamphlets on the +Catholic question, and the Moses and Colenso controversy will be +remembered by many who read these pages to-day, and all will regret that +the great rector never published a theological book or placed his ripe +thoughts on some enduring record. He was an able exponent of the +Scriptures, and he wrote in a superior and beautiful style. His sermons +were models of elegant English and sound doctrinal ideas, and no rector +of Trinity ever filled the position so grandly and so loyally as good +old Dr. Gray. He died at the age of seventy years, and in the +forty-seventh year of his ministry. He was accounted the best reader in +the Province, and his delivery was forcible, and distinguished for a +certain gracefulness of style. The Rev. James J. Hill, M. A. succeeded +Dr. Gray. He is a native of Nova Scotia. His failing health caused him +to resign the rectorship in a few years. At a meeting of the St. John +Parish, held on the 21st of July, 1873, the Rev. F. H. J. Brigstocke, of +Jesus College, Oxford, was unanimously nominated to the rectorship. He +had been in orders twelve years, and for five years had been curate to +the Dean of Canterbury. Mr. Brigstocke assumed his duties in October, +1873, and is the present rector of the parish. + +The stained-glass windows in the chancel of the old church were placed +there in 1859, and were presented by John V. Thurgar, Esq., a respected +retired merchant of this city, whose old stand was burned down on the +North Wharf during the great fire. + +The old arms of Trinity Church have an historic interest of very great +importance. A glance at them will reveal the fact that they are military +arms and not those of the church. They have escaped fire once or twice, +and in the early years of their existence witnessed many a heated +controversy, and experienced marvellous escapes from destruction. The +first we hear of them was in Boston where they adorned the walls of the +Council Chamber of the Old Town House. On March 17th, 1776, they sailed +out of Boston Harbour and were carried to Halifax, where they had a +temporary abiding place in the old chapel there. They were afterwards +placed, in 1791, in Trinity Church, where they have remained ever +since, until Captain Hazen rescued them from the flames on Wednesday +afternoon. A story is current that a hundred years ago, these arms were +snatched from Trinity Church, New York, when that edifice was in flames, +but this lacks confirmation, and the best authorities are unanimous in +holding that their peculiar build unfitted them for church use, and that +they were certainly intended to adorn the walls of council chambers. +That they were with the British army, whether on its march or at its +station, is settled beyond dispute. This ends the story of old Trinity, +the most historic edifice in the city--the first church--the quaintest +structure--the last link which bound the old and the new together. The +school-house fronting on Charlotte Street was burned at the same time as +the church. + + + + +CHAPTER V. + + The Old Curiosity Shop in Germain Street--A Quaint Old + Place--"Rubbish Shot Here"--Notman's Studio--The Mother of + Methodism--Destruction of the Germain Street Methodist + Church--Burning of the Academy of Music--The Old Grammar + School--Presbyterians among the Loyalists--The "Auld Kirk" + --Saint Andrew's--The grants of Land--Legislation--The + building of the Kirk--Ministers--The "Victoria" in Flames + --Fascination of the Fire--The "Victoria" in Ruins--What + might have saved it. + + +The fire has destroyed Mrs. Lyons's "old curiosity shop,"--an +establishment known far and near as a place where everything, from a +needle to an anchor, might be got. Mrs. Lyons is an old inhabitant, and +for years was a constant attendant at every auction sale, and her +judgment has more than once influenced and controlled the bidding. She +bought everything, and, what is more curious still, she managed to sell +it afterwards at a fair profit. Old books, old pictures, cheap prints, +crockery, bedding, carpets, furniture; all had a home in that asylum for +decayed rubbish. It was a pleasant place in which to while away an odd +hour or two. The things were, at least, worth looking at; and one could +sometimes turn over a good book or two, or dip into the pages of an old +magazine and find a bit of poetry here and there, or a pleasant essay +that was worth glancing over. Of course, nothing out of this stock could +be saved, and the curious and out-of-the-way knick-nacks of the people +were swept away in a very short time. Mrs. Lyons is a very heavy +loser by the calamity, and narrowly escaped with her life. Indeed she +was reported missing at one stage of the fire. + +Mr. Notman's beautiful studio with its gems of neat things in art, and +its hundreds of elegant picture frames, went next. The premises had only +recently been opened, and the reception room was a perfect gallery of +beautifully arranged pictures and chromos, and India ink copies. A +number of oil paintings, some of them of considerable value, a good many +choice bits in water colour, some decidedly clever engravings together +with pieces of statuary, and a bronze or two perished in an instant. Not +a negative was saved, and the fine picture of Mr. John Melick's handsome +boy, which was so artistically finished in India ink by Mr. James +Notman, shared a like fate. The studio was full of handsome work, and +lovers of the æsthetic whenever they had a spare minute or two always +wandered into Notman's and inspected the new things he had there. It was +a place of resort for the cultivated mind, and the eye always rested on +something pleasing and charming. This building went so rapidly that the +occupants barely escaped with their clothes. The fire crossed the street +on both sides, and after sweeping down Mr. Edward Sears's house on the +corner, and carrying with it Mr. Tremaine Gard's jewelry establishment, +it rushed along levelling all before it, till Horsfield Street was +reached. On this corner the Mother of Methodism was situated--the old +Germain Street Methodist Church--called in olden times "The Chapel." +This structure was located a few feet off the street, and when the fire +caught and hugged it in its grasp the concourse of people beheld a sight +not easily effaced from their memory. The flames shot up, and for awhile +nothing but an avalanche of fire was to be seen. The hot, thick volume +roared out and crackled as timber after timber went down before the +whirlwind, and rent asunder in an hour, an edifice which had withstood +the blasts of the elements for seventy years. In 1808, on Christmas day, +this chapel was opened, and dedicated to the service of God, by the Rev. +Mr. Marsden. The leading layman at that time was the late John Ferguson, +an influential citizen and a prosperous merchant. He did much for +Methodism in his time, and it was through his exertions that the chapel +was built. For many years this commodious building was the only place of +worship that this body of Christians had in the city, and the various +clergymen who from time to time preached from its old-fashioned, homely +pulpit, developed sterling qualities and superior talents. Among its +body of laymen were men distinguished alike for their zeal and religious +principles. Such clergymen as Revs. Messrs. Priestly, Wood, Dr. Alder, +John B. Strong, Bamford, Wm. Temple and H. Crosscomb, will be +affectionately remembered by old members of this congregation, as +ministers whose interests were ever closely identified with those of +their hearers. The present Chief of Police, John R. Marshall, has been a +member of this church all his life, and for thirty years he has led the +singing. It was an unpretentious building with no attempts at +architectural display. A few years ago, to meet the wants of the +community, it was enlarged and extended back, and the gallery was placed +nearer the pulpit. While this building was burning the hospitable +residences of James Lawton, Esq., and Wm. Davidson, Esq., were being +reduced to ashes, and Dr. McAvenny's fine dental rooms adjoining those +houses, went down also. + +The burning of the Academy of Music[C] took place almost at the same +time. Not a vestige of this splendid hall remains to tell of the +dramatic triumphs that have been witnessed on its stage, or the +matchless oratory that fell from the lips of Phillips, Beecher and +Carpenter. Here it was that a few years ago the great performance of +Richelieu took place, when Couldock enacted the Cardinal Duke, and Louis +Aldrich was the impetuous De Mauprat. Here on this stage Carlotta Le +Clercq won some of her grandest triumphs. Here Warner and Lanergan gave +their wonderful interpretations of the Moor and Iago. Here Chas. Koppitz +led his great orchestra the day before he died, and here some of the +sweetest voices have been heard emulating the notes of the nightingale. +This building, which for several years enjoyed a splendid reputation, +well stocked with scenery and properties, centrally and admirably +located, seemed to melt into nothing on the day of the fire. The walls +fell with a loud crash, and the grand temple of amusement, in which our +people felt so much pride, was a thing of the past. It was owned by a +joint stock company, and the late Dr. George E. Keator was the first +president. On his death, Dr. Allan M. Ring was made president, and he +has retained the office ever since. John R. Armstrong, Esq., has been +the secretary from the beginning of the institution. It is only about a +year ago that it was frescoed and painted and greatly improved inside. +The Academy presented a noble appearance from the street, and the reader +can form an intelligent idea of how it looked from the illustration +which we give. The Knights of Pythias, New Brunswick and Union Lodges, +occupied the upper story as a lodge room. It was neatly and attractively +fitted up, and the knights took great interest in having it properly +cared for. The loss with which this young organization has met, is quite +large and is therefore severely felt. + +The last theatrical performance at the Academy of Music was on Tuesday +evening, 19th June, when Louise Pomeroy, an actress of charming genius, +sustained the _role_ of "Juliet" in Shakespeare's tragedy of the +affections, "Romeo and Juliet." On Wednesday night she was to have +performed "Rosalind" for the second time in St. John, in the delightful +comedy of "As You Like It." The company then playing were under the +management of Mr. William Nannary, with Mr. P. Nannary as assistant +manager, and Mr. W. E. Kelly, of Halifax, business agent. Mr. George B. +Waldron was stage manager, and his wife, Isabella Waldron, the leading +lady. The other members of the organization were R. Fulton Russell, F. +G. Cotter, G. T. Ulmer, Harry Pierson, Belvil Ryan, Mr. Padget, Mr. +Eberle, J. Reddy, Mr. Vanderen, Mr. Donaldson, W. F. Edwards, C. Mason, +Lizzie May Ulmer, Pearl Etynge, Little Bell Waldron, Mrs. Edwards, Mrs. +Vanderen, Miss Hill, Mabel Doane, and Florence Stratton. All of these +artists suffered by the fire. Some saved their wardrobes, only to have +them stolen afterwards. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +ACADEMY OF MUSIC.] + +After Dr. McAvenny's office was burned, the fire shot into Messrs. +Miller and Woodman's double house, the late residence of Hon. A. McL. +Seely, and it was soon shattered to its basement. The fire then spread +as far as Duke Street, burning on its passage Dr. W. Bayard's house, and +the old McGrath residence, which latterly contained Dr. James E. +Griffith's office. On the other side, the Grammar School was the first +victim after the Old Chapel. + +This building was a plain wooden house of rather squat appearance. It +was erected on two lots of land, 80 feet front by 200 deep, which in +1807 were sold by Thos. Horsfield for £100. The first teacher was James +Brimner. In 1818 Dr. James Patterson took charge, and remained head +master till nearly the close of his life. Rev. Mr. Wainright, +afterwards rector of New York, and who died Bishop there, was at one +time a teacher in the Grammar School. The masters who have taught here +have been judiciously selected, and the school has been very successful +from the first. Messrs. Hutchison and Manning, and Rev. Mr. Schofield, +and latterly Rev. Dr. Coster, are all gentlemen of fine scholastic +attainments and excellent imparters of knowledge to the youth. For many +years the Corporation gave a gold medal annually to the bright boys of +this institution of learning, and many of our prominent lawyers, +doctors, engineers and merchants have been educated here. H. W. Frith, +Esq., was for many years secretary to the Board who controlled this +school, and continued in that office till the new school-law came into +force. The Grammar School in its last days was a free school of the +highest grade. + +It has been said of Scotchmen that next to love of country they revere +their religion. Indeed, the love is as warm for the one as it is for the +other. The Bible and Home. God and Scotland. Their religion has been +compared to their native Grampians, and some have said that it was as +hard, cold, determined and unyielding as those grand old hills +themselves, the very name of which sends a thrill through every +Scotchman's breast. Every Scottish poet has sung of home, every native +bard has written hymns and psalms. Burns's "Cotter's Saturday Night" +contains the germs of the Presbyterian faith, and Tannahill, Thomson, +Campbell, Hogg and all the other tuneful minstrels have sung in the same +key, and told of the old faith which the Covenanters felt on their +bleak hill-tops years ago, when it was deemed by some to be a crime to +worship God in more ways than one. It is as rare to find a Scotchman +unacquainted with the leading events in the Bible, the gist of the +shorter catechism, and the whole of the Psalms of David, including the +cxix, word for word, as it is difficult to enter a city all the world +over, and not find the sons of the old land filling the leading +positions in the place. Our readers may be sure that among the sturdy +loyalists not a few Presbyterians were to be found. When they reached +St. John, they settled in Lower Cove, and the first thing they did was +to consider the advisability of building a kirk. In 1784, the leading +men drew up a petition for a grant of land on which to lay the +foundation for a house of worship. It was sent to Governor Parr, and on +the 29th of June, of the same year, the grant was issued under the Great +Seal of Nova Scotia. John Boggs and others, for the Church of Scotland, +were the grantees. Their associates were Andrew Cornwall, James Reid, +John Menzie, Charles McPherson, William Henderson, John Gemmill, and +Robert Chillis, their heirs and assigns in trust. The document runs as +follows, and sets forth that the grant was, "for the erection, building +and accommodation of a meeting house or public place of worship for the +use of such of the inhabitants of the said town as now or shall +hereafter be of the Protestant profession of worship, approved of by the +General Assembly of the Church of Scotland * * * and further for the +erection and building and accommodation of a dwelling house, outhouse, +casements and conveniences for the habitation, use and occupation of a +minister to officiate and perform divine service in the meeting house +aforesaid, according to the form and professing aforesaid * * * and +further for the building and erection of a public school house and +public poor house, with proper accommodation and conveniences for the +use of the inhabitants of the said Township of Parr,[D] forever, and +upon this further trust and confidence to secure and defend the said +piece and tract of land, and all such buildings, edifices, and +improvements, commodities and appurtenances, to and for the several and +respective public uses, intents and purposes aforesaid forever, but to +or for no other or private use, intent and purpose whatsoever." + +It further states that in case of the lands coming into possession of +any other persons, they shall take the prescribed oath of allegiance +within twelve months, and in case of their neglect to do so, the lands +shall revert to the Crown. The grant was registered at Halifax, 29th +June, 1784, and at Fredericton on December 23rd, same year. These lands +were situate on the north side of Queen Street, extending east and west +from Sydney to Carmarthen Streets, and north from Queen Street 100 feet. +They contain 10 city lots and form a block of 100 by 400 feet. + +Charles McPherson, once the owner of "Coffee House Corner," survived +the other trustees, who died before any of the buildings mentioned in +the grant were set up. A change had come over the people's views since +then, and the site was not approved of by those interested. It was not +central enough, and in 1815 it was decided to ask for a site in the +upper part of the town. Wm. Pagan, Hugh Johnston, senr., John Thompson, +James Grigor, John Currie, Alexander Edmonds, and William Donaldson were +the new Committee whose duty it was to provide "a meeting house for the +use of such of the inhabitants as are of the General Assembly of the +Church of Scotland." In this year the survivor of the trustees of 1784, +Charles McPherson, relinquished his interest in favour of the new +Committee. James Grigor selected the present site of the church in +Germain Street, and in 1815 he purchased it for £250 from J. V. +Thurgar's uncle, Mr. John L. Venner. The lot is 100 feet in width and +200 feet in depth. Mr. Grigor and wife, by deed, on the 20th June, 1815, +just sixty-two years ago, on the day of the fire, conveyed the property +to Wm. Pagan and the rest of the Committee. On June 4th, 1816, another +grant of land was given to the Committee by the Corporation of St. John. +This lot was in Duke's Ward, and known on the plan as one of the public +lots, letter B, bounded on the east by Carmarthen Street, on the west by +Sydney Street, and on the south by lots 1086 to 1077 inclusive. The +latter lots are on St. James' Street. This also was in special trust for +the Kirk of Scotland in this city, and the grant was unconditional. This +block was four hundred feet square, and a vacant field. The Committee +built houses upon it some years after, and laid out the street from +Sydney to Carmarthen, known as St. Andrew's Street. William Campbell was +Mayor, and Charles J. Peters, Clerk. + +The Act 56 George III., cap. 28, passed 16th March, 1816, recites to +this effect: + +"Whereas sundry inhabitants of the City of St. John and its vicinity, +being of the Protestant profession of worship, approved by the General +Assembly of the Church of Scotland, have, by voluntary subscription, +aided by a grant[E] of money out of the Province (1814), erected a large +and handsome building for a place of public worship, which shall be in +connection with the said Church of Scotland: And whereas, the title of +the lots on which the said church has been erected, situated in Queen's +Ward in the said city, and fronting on Germain Street, is now in the +possession of the inhabitants of the said city, who hold the same in +trust: Be it enacted, that the minister and elders of the said church, +commonly called by the name of Kirk, whenever such ministers shall be +chosen and appointed, the said lots shall be vested in them, they being +known by the name of the minister and elders of the Church of Scotland +in the City of St. John." + +In 1818, Act 58 was passed, and this statute authorized the Kirk's +ministers and elders to have full power to purchase, receive, hold, and +enjoy lands, and tenements, and to improve and use the same for the +purpose of supporting and maintaining the building erected in St. John +for a place of public worship, and of its minister for the time being; +but such rents, with the rents of pews, shall not exceed annually the +sum of £500. + +An important discovery was made in 1832, when it was found that the +legislation that had been had was entirely at variance with Presbyterian +usage, which separated the spiritual from the temporal affairs of the +church, leaving the spiritual department in the hands of the minister +and his elders, and vesting the management of the temporalities in a +body of trustees to be named. A new bill was prepared, and accordingly +the following was speedily enacted by 2 William IV. cap. 18, "that +according to the form and usage of the Church of Scotland the spiritual +and temporal affairs of the said church are kept separate, and that the +present acts of incorporation vesting the temporal affairs of the St. +Andrew's Church, in the City of St. John, in the minister and elders is +at variance with the form and usage of the said Church of Scotland." + +All previous acts were repealed, and the following gentlemen, who were +the committee of management then: Thos. Walker, Robert Rankin, John +Wishart, John Robertson, James Kirk, Robert Keltie, James Burns, Henry +Hood, William Parks, William Walker, James Robertson and Daniel Leavitt, +with the elders, John Paul, Robert Robertson, Thomas Nisbet, William +Hutchinson, Angus McKenzie and John Gillis, were appointed interim +trustees until the election of twelve other trustees as provided by the +Act, could be had. This Act is still in operation, and it fixes the +annual rents at not more than £500, and prescribes the proceedings as to +the election and choice of trustees, ministers, and elders, the sales +and leases of pews, lands, &c. + +In 1815 the kirk was finished, and the trustees were Messrs. Pagan, +Johnston, Thomson, Grigor, and Edmond, Rev. Mr. Waddell, father of Dr. +Waddell, many years resident physician at the Lunatic Asylum, preached +the first sermon. The Rev. Geo. Burns was the first regularly appointed +minister, he had been an assistant minister in Aberdeen, Scotland, Mr. +Hugh Johnston who had been commissioned to go to Scotland for a +clergyman, chose Mr. Burns who was a young man of 26 years of age, and a +doctor of divinity. The degree was conferred on him by the University of +St. Andrew on his departure for America, and the new Kirk was called +"St. Andrew" in compliment to Dr. Burns's _Alma mater_. The young doctor +arrived in St. John on Sunday, the 25th of May, 1817, and on that day +preached his first sermon from Psalm cxxii, 1, "I was glad when they +said unto me, let us go into the House of the Lord." Dr. Burns continued +minister until 1829. He left St. John May, 1831, and on the 5th +February, 1876, he died in Edinburgh at the ripe age of 86. The Rev. +Robert Wilson was the second minister of the Kirk, and he officiated +from 1830 to 1842. The Rev. Andrew Halket succeeded him from 1842 to +1848. He died in the fall of 1875, at Brecken, Scotland. The Rev. Wm. +Donald, D.D., was the fourth minister of this now influential church, +he was ordained at Aberdeen, in May, 1849, and on the 18th of June he +reached St. John, and took immediate possession of his charge. His +ministry was a long and able one, and no minister was ever loved more +and respected higher than this teacher of the sacred word. He was ever +kindly disposed towards his people and his congregation were ever +devoted to him, their interests were his interests, and his interests +were theirs. When he died 20th Feby., 1871, the whole city mourned, and +old St. Andrew's refused to be comforted. The Rev. R. J. Cameron, who +was Dr. Donald's assistant for some time, succeeded him in the ministry +of the church. The Rev. Mr. Mitchell, who began his labours on the 30th +January, 1877, was the last incumbent. During the long career of the old +kirk--the oldest Presbyterian church in the Province--it has changed but +little since it was erected. Some trifling alterations have been made in +the interior, but externally it has remained for over three score years +the same. Three memorial tablets had been placed upon the walls, the +first was in memory of William Pagan, the second William Campbell, and +the third Dr. Donald. The first Presbyterian minister who died in St. +John was the Rev. Thomas Wishart.[F] + +[Illustration: ST. ANDREW'S KIRK.] + +There are some interesting items in connection with Old St. Andrew's +personal history which are worth recording. The solid silver communion +service which was used was the gift, in the year 1818, of the Earl and +Countess of Dalhousie, and Miss Campbell gave the two peculiarly shaped +silver plates which contained the bread when the Sacrament was +administered. These articles were saved, and are now in the possession +of William Girvan, Esq. Mrs. James Lawton, about the year 1839, +presented the Church with the Pulpit Bible. This was unfortunately +burned, as well as the two oil paintings which hung in the vestry, and +were portraits of Revs. Drs. Burns and Donald. It was to see these +pictures that Dr. Burns's nephew came to St. John on the very day of the +fire, but before he arrived they were no more. + +[Illustration: VICTORIA HOTEL.] + +Very little time was lost between the destruction of Trinity, the +Germain Street Methodist, and "Old St. Andrew's." They took fire nearly +at the same time, and within an hour of each other the three were +consumed. The fire was extraordinarily rapid in its work, and the frame +buildings seemed to add zest to its voracious appetite. An engine might +have saved the Victoria Hotel, but it was far away, and helplessly the +people looked on and saw one after the other of their cherished +churches, hotels, houses of entertainment and dwellings, sink down +before the red glare of the serpent, which wound its coils round-about +and encompassed all with its fangs and fork-like tongue. It was a sight +that the eye sickened at, and the heart grew faint, and despair fell +upon the people, and many moved away. But there were others who gazed on +the tottering ruins with a fixed and glassy stare, and as the huge +boulders came thundering down from the heights above, and the half +famished flames shot out in long, thin lines from the windows, and +darted back again like a wiry thing of life, and shouts rent the air +from the lips of the wounded, these men never moved from the spot on +which they stood. The church was in ashes, and the great walls of the +Victoria were red with the demon flames. They scaled the heights, they +flew back again. They hid in the chimneys, they ran along the roof, they +melted the sashes and tore down the door-ways. The marble steps were in +fragments, and all through the long corridors of the house the shrieks +of startled women rang, and hastening refugees from the flames leapt +with the courage and skill of acrobats into the crowded street. It was a +time in which men held their breath. The fascination of that sight was +terrible. All were dismayed. All were paralyzed. The "Victoria," that +Grand Hotel which was St. John to every traveller who came here--that +massive pile of brick and stone--was no longer the standing monument of +the city's enterprise. An engine might have saved it, but the engine was +not there. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +GERMAIN STREET, SHOWING VICTORIA HOTEL.] + +This spacious hotel was commenced by a Joint Stock Company in 1870, and +was built on the corner of Germain and Duke Streets. It was opened for +business July, 1871, with Mr. B. T. Creagen as Manager, and the +following Board of Directors:--Otis Small, Esq., President; John Magee, +A. Chipman Smith, John McMillan and William F. Harrison, Esqrs. The +hotel building cost one hundred and sixty-five thousand dollars, and +furnishing seventy-five thousand dollars. In the Fall of 1873, the +Victoria Hotel Club assumed control, and Mr. John Edwards was appointed +manager. At the time of the fire the hotel was under the management of +Mr. George W. Swett, a very popular and courteous gentleman. Many of the +guests sought refuge in the squares, and some escaped from the building +with scarcely more clothes than they had on. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[C] The outside dimensions of the Academy were 190x51 feet. The +front 65 feet high, showing three stories in front. The finish was +Italian in its general style, very rich and pleasing to the eye, with +heavy and elaborate carved work. A large bust of Queen Victoria adorned +the summit of the building, while over the main entrance an excellent +bust of Shakespeare indicated the uses for which the building was +intended. The front doors were massive in style, of solid walnut, and +weighed sixteen hundred pounds. Inside.--The parquette was reached by a +wide entrance; on either side of this entrance were broad and easy +stairs leading to the balcony; while above this was the gallery for the +gods, which was approached from a separate entrance. The parquette was +furnished with 600 opera chairs, and the seating capacity of the whole +building was 1,200. The scenery, ample in supply and excellent in +character, was painted by Gaspard Maeder. The building when finished +cost the Company over $60,000. + +[D] St. John was formerly called Parr Town. + +[E] ---- Legislature granted £250 towards erection of kirk. + +[F] Three members of the congregation of this Church were lost +at the time of the fire--Mrs. Thos. Reed, Mr. Joseph Bell, Capt. Wm. M. +B. Firth. + + + + +CHAPTER VI. + + The Odd Fellows' Hall--The fire in Horsfield Street--The Sweep + along Germain Street--The old Baptist Church--Some early + Ministers--Two fiery ordeals--The Brick Church--The Ruins--The + Bay View Hotel--An old Landmark gone--The blazing Barracks--St. + James's--The Hazen House--St. Malachi's Chapel--The first Roman + Catholic Church. + + +The Independent Order of Odd Fellows is a very numerous and widely +respected body in St. John. Its roll of membership embraces many of the +best names in the city, and the order has grown from a very humble +beginning to quite an influential position in the community. It is only +a few years ago that some zealous members of the order banded themselves +together and formed Pioneer Lodge, No. 9. In a little time the lodge +grew so rapidly that it became too cumbersome to work, and new lodges +had to be made--first it was Beacon, then Peerless, and latterly Siloam, +in this city alone; besides, the order is strong in Moncton and also in +Fredericton. An encampment, too, flourishes, and is largely adding to +its membership. The Odd Fellows' Hall was pleasantly situate in what +used to be No. 5 Engine House. The hall was commodious and neatly +furnished, and the ante-rooms were convenient and well adapted for +carrying on the exercises of the order. The ground flat and second story +were occupied by Mr. Richard Welch, and the Odd Fellows met in the room +immediately overhead. The loss by fire to the order was quite +extensive, though a good deal of the regalia and paraphernalia were +saved through the forethought of some of the members who managed to get +into the building in time. The fire swept both sides of Horsfield +Street, and carried along with it the dwelling of P. Besnard, Esq., and +the house where James Hannay, the historian, lived. Mr. Hannay, who was +at Oakpoint during the conflagration preparing his history of Acadia, +lost a number of valuable books, including some high-priced and scarce +volumes.[G] Some two or three hundred pages of his history were printed, +but these were destroyed in the printing houses where they were kept. +Fortunately Mr. Hannay had with him one copy of the sheets as far as +printed, so the loss is not irretrievable. A portion of the unprinted +manuscript, however, shared the common fate of everything that came in +contact with fire on that fatal day, and this the historian had to +re-write. In this street the old Theatre[H] once stood, in which +professionals and amateurs read Shakspeare and Massinger to admiring +audiences. Among the amateurs, some of our readers may remember, were +the late Richard Seely, who was accounted a good actor in his day, and +the late Col. Otty, whose Othello was a really creditable performance. +While the fire was rendering desolate this street, the other wing of it +was ruthlessly invading Germain Street, to the very water's edge. Otis +Small's corner house, the Thomson House, some of the inmates of which +had to flee in small boats, the residences of the Messrs. McMillan, +father and son, the old Bayard House, the Seed's property, the former +residence of W. O. Smith, Esq., No. 119, and then in the occupancy of +the inmates of the Home for the Aged, some of whom got away in hardly +enough time to save their lives. + +Mr. Carey's Parsonage was on fire very soon after this, and all efforts +to save it or the old Baptist Church next door, proved unavailing. In a +short time only a blackened wall of smouldering ruins stood there to +tell in more eloquent language than words could relate, of the sad havoc +which the fire-king had made. For many years this church was to the +Baptists, what Trinity, St. Andrew's, and Germain Street Chapel were to +their denominations. It, too, had a history of its own, as dear to the +people who Sunday after Sunday sat within its walls and heard the word +of God spoken, as the historic data which filled every niche and corner +of the first English Church in the city. It was first built of wood +three score years ago, on the old site where the brick church stood, a +period ago since, and such men as John M. Wilmot, Thomas Pettingill, and +Jeremiah Drake, were the leading pillars and supporters of a body of +Christians distinguished alike for their charity, faithfulness, and +liberality. The church was organized in 1810, ground was broken in 1818 +and the large frame building was opened for service July 12th of the +same year. Wm. Stenning and Thomas Harding purchased the site, and the +former gentleman superintended the building of the edifice. For many +years this was the only meeting-house which the Baptists had, and there +are men living to-day who remember the struggles and trials which the +denomination experienced in trying to plant a foothold in the sparsely +populated district which St. John then was. The pastors of this church +were known far and wide as earnest and faithful men, and such names as +Samuel Robinson, Casewell, Bill, Henry Vaughan, and G. M. W. Carey, live +in the hearts of all people and add lustre to any faith. When the +question of tearing down the old structure which had withstood the +storms of nearly half a century, and the replacing of it with a new one +to be built of brick was proposed, there were many in the congregation +who had grown up with the church through the long decades of time, and +who had watched the building step by step, advance to its completion, +and proudly take its place among the sacred edifices of the street of +churches. These men opposed the measure, but the march of new ideas +prevailed, and in 1863, the last of the old church was borne away and a +handsome brick building was begun. The former vestry was converted into +a parsonage, and the Rev. Henry Vaughan, son of the late Simon Vaughan, +of St. Martin's, was the minister in charge. The church cost forty +thousand dollars. Mr. Vaughan died in 1864. When Mr. Carey, the present +pastor, arrived in St. John in 1865, the church was being built and he +preached for a while in the basement, and in December, 1866, the first +sermon in the church proper was preached by the same eloquent minister. +A tablet was erected to the memory of his predecessor in the church. In +1873 this church was partially destroyed by fire, but the enterprising +congregation soon had it up again. Thus has this edifice passed through +two ordeals of like character. The church had just begun to recover from +its first disaster. The liberality of its people had placed it out of +debt, and while in the enjoyment of a splendid prosperity it was +stricken down before the very eyes of the powerless people who loved it +most. No one could do anything but watch the rapid demolition, and +behold the rafters swing and the building rock and shake, and observe +the long sinewy flames grapple with the walls and hurl them to the +earth. There were strong men that day who wept when they witnessed the +destruction. And when the sad work was done, some gathered near the +ruins and looked down upon the site that had held a church while they +were yet babes, and old gray-haired veterans who had worshipped here all +their lives, felt that death would not be so bitter now since church and +home were gone forever. The insurance on this church was very light and +the loss is very heavy. The pastor saved literally nothing of his own +effects and his fine library and the intellectual labour of twenty +years, passed from his gaze with the rapidity of the whirlwind. + +The fire next crossed the street, and attacked Mr. Harding's houses, +destroying his residence, and that of Mr. Joseph Allison. Queen Street +shared the common fate; and on the side of Germain Street opposite the +church, in the building where Mrs. Crane had her seminary for young +ladies, the inmates were forced to escape in the International steamer, +and get away from the fire by water. The street was impassable, and all +hope of getting through to a locality which had not yet been reached by +the flames had to be abandoned. Terror seized the ladies for the moment, +but the courage which sometimes comes with despair, made them cool +enough to think of the water. The strength of iron came to them, and in +a moment they were saved. It was before this house that a woman fell on +her knees and offered up prayer; and here it was that another woman, +fearing the judgment day at hand, gave utterance to loud wails and +cries, that sent a pang to every heart. In the melee, an old lady +belonging to the Home for the Aged was lost, and her feeble sisters in +adversity moaned and mourned for her all through the night. The next day +she was found, and joy came to some hearts that had known no like +emotion for several years. Those kindly old ladies living so long +together were as one family, and a vacant chair at the table cruelly +reminded them of the broken homes they had too often seen. The houses +across Queen Street, on this same side of Germain Street, were not long +in following. Pagan Place, the old residence of the late Edward Allison, +Stephen Blizard's house on the other side, John W. Cudlip's residence, +in Germain Street, seemed to burn at the same time. The Bay View +Hotel--a valuable structure that reminded the spectator of the old +feudal time, when castles were residences of the great, was erected in +the year 1819, by Henry Wright, Collector, and used as a private +residence up to about twelve years ago. It was built by day's work, and +in those days the workmen received every Saturday night their pay in +Spanish doubloons. Change was very scarce, and there was no paper money. +Mr. Henry Wright died in 1829, and the house then fell into the +occupancy of the late Wm. Wright, Advocate General, and John Boyd, M.D. +Mr. Wilson was its lessee latterly, and it became an hotel under his +management. It held a commanding position, and looked far out to sea. +Strangers always paused to look up to the splendid front and defiant +head, which reminded them of the old strongholds which render historic +every inch of the old land across the blue water. And to-day, the ruins +look even more picturesque and grand than the building did in its +proudest days. Another landmark has been taken away, and it did not long +survive those who dwelt in its spacious halls in the days of the long +ago. + +But while the fire was busy with this portion of the City, it was also +extremely active and equally destructive in the lower part of St. John. +The barracks were even burned down long before it was deemed likely that +the Victoria Hotel would go. The sparks travelling in this direction +with great rapidity, soon communicated with the long, low building which +was built for the troops in 1819.[I] The fire, when it reached here had +full scope. Nothing stood in its way, and it really spent its greatest +strength here. The majority of the houses in this quarter were composed +of wood, and so many of them were close together, that four or five +houses were burned to the ground in about the same space that in +ordinary times would be spent in consuming one. The burning of the +barracks was witnessed by several thousand persons, and, for a while +there were some who fancied that the blaze would cease with the +destruction of this property. But, alas, for the fallacy of human hopes. +The great headway of the flame was made, and nothing could stop it, till +from sheer exhaustion, it spent itself. But the eager wind kept fanning +it into fury whenever it shewed signs of abatement and not until it +reached the barren banks along the water's edge did it relinquish its +grasp on men's household goods and homes. Even then it did not stop at +once, for small scrubs of trees, bits of shrubbery and grass fed it for +a while. Indeed the fire may be said to have taken a new lease of life +in those back places, and the rookeries of whole streets were swept into +ruin and their inmates hurried into greater misery than they had ever +known before. In Main Street, St. James (Episcopalian) Church was +burned; it caught very soon from a flying spark. This church was erected +in the summer of 1850 by Trinity Church. The parish was set off from +Trinity in 1852, but the church was built two years before; the dividing +line of the parish was south of Queen Street; the first rector was the +Rev. John Armstrong who was succeeded by his son, Rev. Wm. Armstrong who +held the rectorship nearly twenty years. The building was of the +Gothic cruciform style of architecture and Mr. M. Stead was the +architect. It had no tower. The first wardens were the late John R. +Robinson, Esq., father of the agent in this city of the Bank of Nova +Scotia, and the late Wm. Wright. The church was situate on the south +side of Main Street, between Sydney and Carmarthen Streets and the lots +ran through to Sheffield Street. The Sunday-school building was built in +the rear. + +The Sheffield Street Mission House and the Carmarthen Street Mission +House (Methodist) were structures of late origin, and for a while did +much good in the locality where they were placed. The fire visited them +very soon and they were burned in a short time. All along Carmarthen +Street the flames sped quickly, completely encircling every house with +which it came in contact, and whenever they met a crossing street the +fire drove through it with seeming greater fury and impetuosity. The +lately erected Adam's terrace--a row of comfortable dwellings just +finished within the year--burned with a tremendous roar that was heard +above the din, for blocks away. In these houses were the families of +Robt. Turner, Fred. R. Fairweather and W. C. Watson, Esqs., and so +quickly did the flames spread that hardly a stick of furniture was +saved, and hundreds of valuable books were burned. Judge Watters's +residence, the home of Attorney-General King, Henry A. Austin's, Madame +Caritte's, and the Henderson houses, hardly lived thirty minutes in the +winding sheets of flame. The fire came up Carmarthen Street, up +Princess Street, up Leinster Street, up Duke Street, up Orange Street, +to the rear of those streets and down King Street east and also in its +rear on a portion of the south side. Many believed and there seemed good +grounds for that belief, that but for the torch of the incendiary, +Leinster Street would have been preserved. No one doubts but that it was +set on fire by some miscreant either through madness or through the hope +of gain. This is beyond dispute. The fire was going in the opposite +direction, nothing could bring it up towards King Square and the head of +Leinster Street. It was out of all reason to suppose that the sparks +could be carried to these points for the wind was opposite, and the open +square had, till late in the evening, kept the flames away and broke the +connection. The old[J] Hazen House built by Dr. Thomas Paddock, which is +still standing to-day, and passed safely through the fire, stood +invincible at the head of a column of buildings. The fire was confined +to its own seething territory, and this block between Leinster and East +King Street, and the whole of King Square were safe. But as the night +advanced,[K] a house far away from the reach of flying cinders, was +observed on a sudden to be throwing out flames, and from that moment all +knew the eastern portion of the city was doomed to destruction. +Christian Robertson's mammoth stable, with its splendid livery +appointments, and large stock of feed and hay, representing large value, +was only a plaything of the moment. Old St. Malachi's Chapel, the first +Roman Catholic Church in the city, caught from the sparks which were +borne on the breeze from the stable. Its destruction was complete. The +first service held by a clergyman of the Faith in St. John, was in the +City Hall, Market Square, 1813, by Rev. Charles French. St. Malachi's +Chapel was opened by that gentleman, October 1st, 1815. Among the +priests who succeeded him in that place were Father McQuade, who in +1819, had thirty women and thirty-five men for a congregation, and +Fathers Macmahon, Carrol, and Dumphy. Mr. Carrol came from Halifax, and +was the nephew of the first Roman Catholic Bishop of the Maritime +Provinces--Bishop Burk. Of late years St. Malachi's was used for school, +lecture, bazaar, and other purposes. Some of the most eloquent efforts +of J. C. Ferguson and R. J. Ritchie, have been delivered from the +platform of this Hall, on temperance and other topics. St. Malachi's was +used as a church until the cathedral was opened under Bishop Connolly's +charge. The St. Vincent De Paul Society met in this hall for several +years, as well as those other excellent institutions, the C. T. A. and +St. Joseph's Societies. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[G] Smith's History of Virginia, Ed. of 1627, on large paper: +Smith's History of New York, large paper edition, 1758, presentation +copy to Governor Ellis, of Georgia: and a very valuable historical +library on New England and Acadian History. + +[H] This was the old Friary. + +[I] Before this the troops lived on Fort Howe Hill, and the +artillery at Hare's Wharf. + +[J] The lot where the Hazen House now stands (King Square) was +bought in 1790, by Mr. Thomas Horsfield for £6 5s., and sold by him five +years later for £5, to a number of gentlemen who erected a grist mill +there. In 1800, they abandoned the enterprise, and in 1818, the spot was +used as a barracks at the time when one-third of the militia were called +out for a few months, when war with the United States was threatened. A +day or two after the fire in June, 1877, the Bank of New Brunswick +opened a temporary office there for a few days, and a soldier of the +97th regiment kept guard over the building at night. Some of the 62nd +also did duty here. + +[K] The fire broke out in rear of Dr. Boyle Travers' residence. + + + + +CHAPTER VII. + + A hard-working Manager--The Dramatic Lyceum--The Temperance + Hall--The Water-Works Building--A Hard Fight--Another Rush of + the Homeless--The Weary March of the Unfortunates--History of + the Water Supply--Early Struggles--Changes--The Old Way--The + St. John Water Company--Placed in Commission--The Company + To-day. + + +The cosy Dramatic Lyceum, endeared to old theatre-goers on account of +many pleasant memories, was reduced to ashes after the fire had +destroyed the marble establishments of Jas. and Robt. Milligan and S. P. +Osgood. Like Robertson's stable it was not long in the throes of +dissolution, for it parted company with the earth in a few brief +moments. It had been built a score of years and more, and for a long +time it was the chief place of amusement in the city. Its builder was +the father of theatricals in St. John, and no man ever did more for his +chosen profession than he. He worked with the vigour which only an +enthusiast feels, and now at the close of his long managerial career, +extending over a quarter of a century, he can look back with pride and +satisfaction on the work he has done. He has taught the people all they +know of dramatic affairs to-day. He has educated and elevated their +tastes, and by the production of the great masterpieces of Shakespeare, +Jonson, Massenger, Bulwer, Goldsmith and Sheridan, he has instilled into +the minds of the citizens a love of all that is admirable and beautiful +in our common literature. He it was, who at great pecuniary sacrifice +brought such an artist as Charles Mathews here, and it was under his +management that Charles Dillon, E. L. Davenport, Frederic Robinson, +Wyzeman Marshall and the famous comedian, Wm. J. Le Moyne,[L] played +short engagements in our city. When the plain, but comfortable Lyceum +was built, it was the first step towards a regular theatre that had been +made, and in his early days Mr. Lanergan had much to contend against and +many old prejudices to break down. A hundred arguments were brought to +bear against his enterprise. Many good people, unskilled in the +knowledge of the world, and who had never in their lives attended a +theatre, were the most open in their denunciation of it and its +teachings. Fathers were exhorted to keep their boys at home, and men and +women were enjoined not to attend the performances in this "devil's +house." But Mr. Lanergan showed his patrons that he could furnish a +species of amusement harmless in its character and respectable in its +quality. He selected from the wide range of plays only those which +taught good lessons, and the ladies and gentlemen he secured to give +utterance to the thoughts of the masters in literature, were persons of +irreproachable character and conduct. He saw his efforts rewarded at +length, and during the last ten years of his career his audiences +comprised the _elite_ of the city. The old Lyceum was ever a pleasant +place. It was cosy and easy and roomy, and one could always see an +acceptable performance on its little stage. The building was sold to +the Irish Friendly Society a few months ago and it was used by them for +concerts, entertainments, &c. On the night of the fire it was under +engagement to a minstrel party.[M] + +After this temple of art was overthrown the fire burned along the square +till it struck the Hazen building, now owned by C. M. Bostwick, who had +but recently renovated it from top to bottom. But this corner house was +too much for the fire, the fiend was baffled in its object, and though +late through the night it made several inefficient attempts to raise its +head, when the morning dawned, the Hazen Building was still safe and +defiant, for the flames were at its feet helpless and weak. The fire +crept along the square and passed the burned district when it divided +itself into two wings. The right body went up Leinster Street, and the +left wing proceeded around by the square, attacked the Court House, was +repulsed, when it burned the buildings adjoining No. 2 Engine House, and +made a sortie in rear of the jail. It was well nigh successful in its +object, and indeed a portion of this edifice was burned. The prisoners +were made secure, and a grand exit took place under the immediate +supervision of Deputy Sheriff Rankine. Two or three of the culprits +managed to escape, but they returned next day, after wandering about the +city, and gave themselves up, fearing lest they would starve in the +desolate and destitute town. The jail successfully resisted the flames, +but not so the old Temperance Hall which stood beside it. This +antiquated and wholly unattractive meeting-house was put up about thirty +years ago, and was originally intended for a school in connection with +the poor-house, which stood on the corner of Carmarthen and East King +Streets. The Temperance Order was organized in St. John, May 12th, 1847, +and the leading men were Hon. S. L. Tilley, C.B., Lieut.-Governor of the +Province, Chas. A. Everett, the Smilers, John Rankine, W. H. A. Keans, +S. B. Paterson, O. D. Wetmore, and of late years, Samuel Tufts, Edw. +Willis, A. G. Blakslee, J. A. S. Mott, and Sheriff Harding. The +organization met in King Street till they were burned out, after which +they settled in the Temperance Hall near the jail, where they have +remained ever since. The interior of this block was burned, and only the +Court House, which was opened for the first time for Supreme Court uses +by Judge Botsford at the January Circuit of 1830, the Registry Office, +and the City Prison were left. It was only by dint of the most strenuous +exertions that these buildings were kept proof against the levelling +qualities of the left wing, which again and again reared its front till +it was firmly laid low at eleven in the evening of that terrible day. +The old poor-house in Carmarthen Street was hemmed in by the united +forces of left and right, and it easily succumbed without even a show of +resistance. The defence of the office of the Superintendent of Water +Supply[N] was one of the memorable events in connection with the history +of the fire. In the yard people from all quarters of the city had stored +their goods in the vain hope that the fire could never reach them. The +situation of the office seemed to promise safety. It was far away from +the business portion of the town, and no one dreamed of its being +attacked from the contingent which moved along Carmarthen Street. Here +at least many persons thought, was a place of safety. From four o'clock +in the afternoon, while the rich row of buildings in the Market Square +were struggling against overwhelming odds, load after load of furniture, +merchandise and general chattels poured into the spacious yard, and even +the office itself was for a time a vast warehouse. It was only when the +work of the incendiary showed itself in Leinster Street and old +Malachi's toppled over, that the destruction of the well-equipped office +was considered imminent. Then it was that heart-sick and weary men and +women, who had worked all day, and who had lost nearly all they +possessed, and had hoped what little they had taken to the water-office +yard would be saved, began to realize the situation. Where could they go +now? Where could they take the only remnants which reminded them of the +bright home they had had that morning. Twice had they gathered up the +fragments, and in each removal the little heap grew smaller than before. +But it was worse now. In the afternoon teams could be had for five +dollars a load, and now as high as thirty, and even fifty dollars were +refused by inhuman drivers. Calamities sometimes make barbarians of men, +and the nearer the flames got, and the hotter the breath of the fire +became, the more exorbitant was the price asked by owners of vehicles, +and the more inhumanity mankind exhibited. Women cried and groaned as +they fell on all that was left, and some begged piteously for help. But +when they got a dray or a sloven, where could they go? The wild behemoth +could overtake them where'er they went. But on came the fire, both sides +of the street, back again by Carmarthen Street, up by Carmarthen Street. +Here the force united, and crushing out all before it, drove with +tremendous energy and iron-like rigour into the very heart of the +building. In an instant it was on fire in ten places, and the huge pipes +alongside that looked so like an array of mounted cannon, were all that +remained in the yard the next day. The blacksmith shop, oil-house, +stable, and everything near showed scarcely a trace of what they had +been. The great bulk of the valuable records, papers and plans and +specifications of the office were saved through the untiring vigilance +of the superintendent, his valuable aids and the workmen in the employ +of the Company. Nothing, indeed, that could not be replaced in a little +time was lost. + +In this connection, a brief sketch of the water supply of St. John will +not be without interest. It is only half a century ago that the +inhabitants of this city were dependent on wells for the water which +they drank and used. Even at later date than that it used to be sold +about the streets from tall casks, at a penny a bucketful. The chief +wells were in King's Square, Blockhouse Hill--the vantage ground of many +a well-contested fisticuff battle between the rising generation; +Princess Street, near Charlotte; Queen Square, the foot of Poor House +Hill, which in winter made such a splendid coasting road; and in +Portland close by the first public hydrant, now in Main Street. In +1820, agitation was made for a better system of water supply; but it was +not until 1825 that the question took definite shape, and an Act for the +incorporation of a water company, with a capital of £10,000 passed the +Legislature. Surveys were at once made, and estimates were laid before +the stockholders, but the capital subscribed was deemed insufficient to +enable them to go on with the work in hand. The money was accordingly +lent out on interest until the next year, when each stockholder received +back the sum he had paid in, with three per cent. added. A number of new +wells were sunk at once, and every effort made to secure for the people +a fuller supply. In 1832, Hon. William Black, Nehemiah Merritt, James +White, John Ward, George D. Robinson, Thomas Barlow, Hugh Johnston, John +M. Wilmot, James Hendricks, Thomas Millidge, Robert W. Crookshank, +Zalmon Wheeler, Robert Parker, William B. Kinnear, Richard Sands, +Lauchlan Donaldson, Charles Simonds, James T. Hanford, William Leavitt, +and Noah Disbrow had an Act passed for the Incorporation of the St. John +Water Company. It started with a subscribed capital of £20,000, five per +cent. of which was to be paid in a year from the date of the passing of +the Act. The shares were placed at £5 each. Directors were to be elected +every year, and consist of thirteen in number, and seven of the old +directors were to remain in office each year. In 1834, a new Act was +passed, amending the one which was sanctioned two years previously, but +the Company was not regularly organized until 1837. Colonel Baldwin, +C.E., during this year, made surveys, and on his advice the first +practical attempt at bringing the water into the city from Lily Lake was +made. An engineer was appointed, and, under his management, the first +City Water Works were built. The water was not brought, as in the +opinion of eminent engineers it should have been, directly from Lily +Lake to the city by its own gravitation, but was taken from the tail of +Gilbert's Mill, and conducted thence by a sluice to a reservoir or a +cistern, which was placed a few yards to the south-west of the +Marsh-bridge. An engine and pumping-house was erected over the cistern, +a steam-engine and gear were procured, and the water was sent through a +ten-inch main to the reservoir, which was on Block House Hill. The water +was first brought through the pipes to the city in October, 1838. The +supply passed through a very limited number of pipes, and the +inhabitants, up to 1850, could only get water two hours each morning. +The Company, from its first organization, suffered the pangs of +financial troubles. The stock had met with many takers, who subscribed +readily, but when called on for their payments failed to respond. A loan +of £5,000 was received from the Legislature, which relieved the company +somewhat for the nonce. In 1850, an appeal was made to the citizens on +public grounds, and they were earnestly solicited to take up the new +shares which were offered. The money from this source was to be applied +to the extending of the works to, and bringing the water from, Little +River at Scott's Mill, five miles away from the city. This course had +been recommended by Chas. W. Fairbanks, Esq., C.E., of Halifax, under +whose supervision the water had been introduced into that city. The city +took up 900 shares, and private individuals bought the balance. The site +at Scott's Mill was purchased, a small dam was built, and a twelve-inch +main, four and a half miles in length, was laid. This main the company +connected with the ten-inch main that was laid in 1837-8. The same main +is still perfect, and to-day works as well as ever. In 1852 an Act was +passed, authorizing a further increase in the capital to the amount of +£10,000, to be made preference stock. This was necessary to meet the +growing demand of consumers, and to enable the company to extend their +pipes through the streets. In April, 1855, an Act was passed to allow +the company to transfer their property and works to the City Corporation +and Sessions. This step was deemed prudential for many reasons, the +chief of which was the great difficulty the company experienced in +running the water and sewerage systems separately. The conveyance was +made. The Act authorized the Commissioners to issue debentures, bearing +six per cent. interest, payable half-yearly, and redeemable at periods +not exceeding forty years from their date. Two of the commissioners, one +of whom should be chairman, were to be appointed by the Common Council, +and another by the County Sessions. John Sears, Esq.--who lost in the +great fire all his private papers, historical recollections which he had +been collecting for forty years, and a number of rare oil paintings and +portraits, an irreparable loss--was the first chairman, with the late +John M. Walker, and John Owens, Esquires, as Commissioners. In 1864, +Edward E. Lockhart, Esq., the present chairman, was appointed to the +office, and the late Thomas King, and J. D. Woodworth, Esquires, +Commissioners. On Mr. King's death, Mr. Stephen K. Brundage was +appointed, and Mr. William Seely took Mr. Woodworth's place. + +[Illustration: VIEW FROM QUEEN SQUARE.] + +The first step taken by the commission was the improvement of the works. +The dam at Little River reservoir was built higher and stronger, and +during the progress of operations on it, it burst twice, and Gilbert +Murdoch, Esq., the chief engineer, narrowly escaped drowning on one of +these occasions. A twenty-four inch main was laid from the reservoir, +and almost at the same time, and for most of its length, beside the ten +inch main put down in 1850. This came across the Marsh bridge, and was +connected, along with the twelve inch main, with an iron chamber, from +which the water flowed into the original ten inch main, running up +Brussels Street to the reservoir; a twelve inch main up Waterloo Street; +a twelve inch main which went by the city road to Portland, and mains +which have been put down later. The reservoir in Leinster Street was +also thoroughly improved. + +A new twelve inch main was laid up Erin Street, through St. Patrick and +Wentworth Streets, to Princess, in 1868. The twelve inch main that is +laid up Waterloo street, also goes along Sydney to Princess streets, and +the Portland twelve inch main is extended nearly to the spot where the +defunct street railway stables were, on Main Street, where an eight inch +pipe joins it, and carries the water as far as Rankin's mill, by way of +the steamboat wharves. + +This brings the history of the water supply down to about nine years +ago. Since that time, the progress which has been made upon it has been +great and rapid. A vast amount of money and skill have been expended to +bring the works down to the splendid state of perfection in which they +are now. The water supply is excellent, and the system of sewerage is +unsurpassed anywhere. Under great natural difficulties the work has been +prosecuted, but the engineers and their workmen, by dint of +perseverance, have surmounted the many obstacles which beset them on +every side. Before leaving this subject, a remark or two may be made +about the source from which our people receive their supply of water. +The Victoria spring is situate on a hill-side, about a mile this side of +Loch Lomond. Its waters form the head of Little River. Lake Donaldson is +near the spring, and the Victoria is supposed to drain it. The stream +from the spring flows into Douglas Lake, a sheet of water on the south +side of the Loch Lomond road, eight miles from the Marsh Bridge. It is +three miles from Lake Douglas to the reservoir. Lake Latimer, one of the +feeders of Little River on the south side, is nearly as high as Loch +Lomond. Its waters are as clear as crystal. Lake Buck, which also flows +into Little River, lies about a quarter of a mile away from it. Long's +Lake which is on the right side of Little River as it flows towards +Courteney Bay, is about a mile to the north of Loch Lomond Road, and +empties itself into the reservoir. That a still further head may be had +when wanted, the Commissioners purchased land through which they can +bring a strong supply of water from Loch Lomond. There is an abundance +of water in Little River for the immediate requirements of the city, but +the supply can be doubled easily by tapping Loch Lomond. + +The water in the Little River Reservoir is one hundred and sixty feet +above high tide level; and in the Leinster Street Reservoir it is one +hundred and thirty-two feet. A good deal of nonsense, during the +excitement of the present fire, was talked about an inadequate supply of +water to meet the wants of the exigency, but this was found to be +fallacious. There was plenty of water all the time, and while there was +much reckless and needless waste, there was sufficient of the element to +meet the demands of the firemen and hose-men. It is a popular cry to +raise at a fire which cannot be got under way, that there is no water. +On the best authority the writer is happy to be able to place it on +record that the supply of water was in every way adequate to the +requirements of the hour. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[L] Mr. Le Moyne's second appearance in St. John was at the +Academy of Music, in October, 1876, when he appeared in a round of +favourite characters from dramatizations of Dickens' novels, under the +management of Mr. Charles H. Thayer, of Boston. + +[M] As many readers take interest in the programmes used on +first nights of theatres we give a copy of Mr. Lanergan's opening bill, +at the Lyceum. It runs as follows: + + ST. JOHN DRAMATIC LYCEUM. + SOUTH SIDE KING'S SQUARE, ST. JOHN, N. B. + + _Manager and Proprietor_ MR. J. W. LANERGAN. + _Stage Director_ FRANK REA. + _Scenic Artist_ D. A. STRONG. + _Machinist and Property Maker_ D. J. MORIARTY. + _Ticket Master_ T. A. ALLISON. + + "Those who live to please, + Must please to live!" + + GRAND OPENING NIGHT! + + The above new and elegant place of amusement will open for the + first regular Dramatic Season, on Monday evening, June 15, 1857, + with a full, Efficient and Talented Dramatic Company,--comprising + the following well known Ladies and Gentlemen: + + Mr. W. A. DONALDSON, } + " N. DAVENPORT, } From the Boston Theatre. + " N. C. FORRESTER, } + " FRANK REA From Wallack's Theatre, New York. + " F. S. BUXTON. From the Canadian Theatres. + G. F. TYRRELL; J. C. WALLACE; E. B. HOLMES; D. J. MORIARTY; P. + MORIARTY AND J. W. LANERGAN, + Mrs. J. W. LANERGAN, } + " FRANK REA, } From Wallack's Theatre, New York. + Miss E. HOMAN From the Boston Theatres. + Mrs. F. S. BUXTON " Canadian " + " J. C. WALLACE + " N. C. FORRESTER " Boston " + and " J. C. MORIARTY " " " + + _The entertainment will commence as above with the National Anthem!_ + + GOD SAVE THE QUEEN, + + By the Orchestra.--After which an Original opening Address written, + and to be delivered by + G. F. TYRRELL. + + To be followed by Sir E. L. BULWER'S Chaste and Elegant Comedy in + 5 acts, entitled + MONEY! + + "'Tis a very good world that we live in, + To lend, or to spend, to give in,-- + But to beg, or to borrow, or to get a man's own, + 'Tis the very worst world that ever was known." + + Alfred Evelyn Mr. J. W. LANERGAN. + Benjamin Stout, Esq. (first appearance) FRANK REA. + Sir John Vesey " " N. C. FORRESTER. + Lord Glossmore G. F. TYRRELL. + Mr. Graves (first appearance) Mr. F. S. BUXTON. + Sir Fredk. Blunt " " N. DAVENPORT. + Capt. Dudley Smooth " " W. A. DONALDSON. + Sharp J. C. WALLACE. + Toke (first appearance) D. J. MORIARTY. + Clara Douglas Mrs. J. W. LANERGAN. + Lady Franklyn (first appearance) Mrs. FRANK REA. + Georgina Mrs. J. C. WALLACE. + + _The entertainments of the evening will conclude with the Amusing + farce, with_ NEW READING, of + MR. & MRS. PETER WHITE. + + Mr. Peter White Mr. F. S. BUXTON. + Major Pepper " N. C. FORRESTER. + Frank Brown " E. B. HOLMES. + Widow White Mrs. J. W. LANERGAN. + Mrs. Peter White " FRANK REA. + Kitty Clover " J. C. WALLACE. + + _PRICES OF ADMISSION._ + Parquette 1s. 3d.--Dress Circle 2s. 6d.--Private and Family + Boxes $4, 5 & 6 each. + + ==> Private and Family boxes can be secured in advance by application + at the Box Office. + + DOORS OPEN AT HALF PAST 7--COMMENCE AT 8. + _Ladies unaccompanied by gentlemen not admitted._ + Good order is expected and will be rigidly enforced. + PRINTED AT DAY'S JOB OFFICE, 4 MARKET STREET. + +[N] On these premises was situated the St. John Meteorological +Observatory. This was destroyed, but all the instruments belonging to +the Dominion were saved. Night and day observations have been made here +under the superintendence of Gilbert Murdoch Esq., C. E., during the +last 25 years. + + + + +CHAPTER VIII + + Burning of the Leinster Street Baptist Church--The Varley + School--Centenary Chapel--The Gas Works--$17,000 worth of Coal + burn in Ten Days--The Tall Sentinel--St. David's Church--The + Reformed Presbyterian Church--The Victoria School--Gigantic + Ruins--An Accident--Sketch of the School-house. + + +After destroying the fence which enclosed the premises of the Water +Company, the fire crossed the street, burned Mr. Wm. Murdoch, jr.'s, +house, and turned its attention to the Leinster Street Baptist Church, +which was soon brought to the level of the earth. This building was +cleanly and squarely burned, and nothing approaching to the semblance of +an edifice could be seen on the spot half-an-hour after the fire ceased. +The building was completely swept away. The corporate body of the church +was organized in 1858, under the pastorate of the Rev. E. B. Demill, son +of Nathan S. Demill, with a membership of sixteen. The church was begun +1861, and in two months and a half the basement was finished and ready +for service. In three years afterwards the church proper was completed, +and the parsonage was erected in 1874. The former cost $13,000, and the +latter $6,500. The second minister who presided over this congregation, +was the Rev. W. V. Garner, who officiated for the first time in 1864. He +was succeeded, in 1867, by Rev. W. S. Mackenzie, a trenchant writer and +an excellent reasoner. The Rev. J. D. Pope followed him in 1874, and was +the pastor of the church at the time of the conflagration. The early +deacons and prominent men of the church, were the late Nathan S. Demill +and Saml. Kinsman. Hon. A. McL. Seely, A. W. Masters, J. F. Marsters, +and Stephen E. Gerow are the present deacons. The building was fully +insured, and after the church debt of $3,000 is paid, the people will +have about $15,000 with which to commence re-building. + +The old Varley Wesleyan day-school, a brick building which a prominent +Methodist--the late Mark Varley--designed for the purpose of educating, +free, the poor belonging to his faith, made a resolute stand against the +forces of the leveller. But in vain was water dashed upon the building. +The intense heat drove the people back and no efforts of man could +prevent the school-house from being in the end subdued. This property +was erected a little more than twenty years ago and served its purpose +long and well. A first-class education could be gained here. The +teachers were usually men of brains, and the system employed for +imparting instruction was simple and efficacious. After the school law +came into force this school was no longer necessary under its old +management, and the school trustees leased the building from the Varley +Trustees, and it was used as an advanced school, at the time of the +fire. The building occupied two stories. The upper room was used for +girls and the lower apartment for boys. + +The rear of Centenary Chapel adjoined the Varley school, and being built +of wood and very large, it went up in a sea of flame without warning. +The church was opened on its present site, corner of Princess and +Wentworth streets, in 1839, the first Sunday after the fire in Dock +street, and was designed by Mr. Burpee, an American architect. Mr. W. B. +Frost put up the frame. The Rev. Dr. Wood, of Toronto, in 1838 preached +the sermon on the laying of the corner-stone, and after the church was +built he officiated for some years till 1846 when he left St. John. He +was succeeded by the Rev. Henry Daniel and Rev. Mr. Sutcliffe, whose +ministry lasted some three years. Rev. Dr. Knight and Rev. Mr. Cooney +followed for four years. Then Rev. Messrs. James Hennigar and Cardy were +the ministers for three years. Rev. Mr. Albrighton and Rev. Dr. Stewart, +and Rev. Mr. Botterel held service for three years more. The Rev. +Messrs. John McMurray and Wm. Wilson, were the clergymen for three +years, and Rev. J. R. Narraway followed with Rev. Dr. Richey for the +same period. After them came for two years Rev. Mr. England, who in his +turn was followed by Rev. Mr. Lathern for three years and Rev. Donald +Currie for two years. Rev. Dr. Henry Pope, who published a year ago, an +acceptable series of sermons in two volumes, entitled, "Draughts from +the Living Fountain," succeeded him for three years, and Rev. Howard +Sprague, one of the most eloquent and popular divines in the conference +was the last clergyman of this church. He was elected to proceed to +England shortly after the burning, to get subscriptions and assistance +for the rebuilding of the chapel. This church occupied the north-west +corner of Princess and Wentworth Streets. The other three corners +contained three splendid residences, those of J. V. Troop and Chas. +McLauchlan, jr., Esqs., Simeon Jones and Alexander Lockhart, Esqs. These +houses being solidly built and very strong were a good while in burning, +but they went at last and a large portion of the furniture and other +household goods that were got into the street were stolen afterwards by +the ghouls which infested the place. One lady lost in this way a +valuable box of furs, another her jewelry and a third a work-box of +ornate design and curious pattern, which contained many little +nick-nacks of value and interest. In this street depredations of a +wholesale nature went on unchecked all through the night. The houses of +Mr. W. C. Godsoe and Mr. T. Amos Godsoe were both burned, and a house +near by was pillaged by the mob even while the walls were swaying to and +fro. Mr. J. W. Scammell's house on Princess Street and Mrs. Chas. +Patton's residence caught fire from blazing brands which consumed them +speedily, and the heavens were soon alive with burning bits of wood, +which being borne on the breeze sailed lightsomely away. The fire burned +several houses in Pitt Street, and though the occupants of Orange +Terrace moved out quickly, their residences were saved, the paint only +on the doors and front being singed. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +WENTWORTH STREET.] + +The Gas house which is located on Carmarthen Street was long in +catching, but when the fire did reach it, its destruction was one of the +most beautiful sights which were witnessed that night. An immense heap +of coal took fire and the flames mounted to the sky. The great blaze +lasted nine or ten days afterwards and the value of the coal was over +$17,000. Nothing was left on the spot but the tall sentinel-like +chimney, blackened in the fire, and standing like a monument over the +wreck of an institution, which the morning before represented a value +exceeding two hundred and sixty thousand dollars. The company under the +excellent direction of Robert Blair, Esq., the President, had just +received a new lease of life and impetus. Since his assumption of the +duties of the office, the stock rapidly rose in value, the price of gas +was reduced, and improvements on a large scale had been inaugurated. In +a single night these works were swept away and only blackened heaps of +ruin remain. But the energy of Robert Blair has not departed, and in +less than six months gas will again burn as brightly as ever in the less +luxuriant halls of the stricken population who can afford it. The works +were built in 1845, and in the evening of the 18th of September of the +same year, gas was first turned on in St. John. Philip Peebles, Esq., C. +E., now of Quebec, was the engineer who furnished the plans, and Geo. +Peebles, Esq., C. E., was the Superintending Engineer. The latter +remained for a time and took charge. The first Secretary Treasurer was +Mr. Robert Reed. Mr. Gilbert Murdoch C. E. was Superintendent of the +works, and had charge of the pipe-laying and distributing arrangements. +Mr. Robert Britain, the present Secretary, succeeded Mr. Reed in the +office, and was subsequently appointed Manager, Robert Blair, Esq., was +made President but a short time since. The price of gas up to 19th June +1877, was $3.00 per thousand feet. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +BURNT DISTRICT, SHOWING GAS HOUSE CHIMNEY AND SMOKING RUINS, TAKEN FROM +LOWER COVE. + +Photo by G. F. Simonson.] + +One hundred thousand feet of gas were in the holder's close, and the +flames not a block away. The direst danger was imminent, and an +explosion terrible in its character might occur at any minute. No one +can say how many lives might have been lost, or how much valuable +property destroyed. No provision had been made to prevent this blow-up, +when Mr. Robert Britain with a prudence and forethought wonderful in a +time like the present, sought the President and pointed out to him the +vast extent of the danger which was so near. Mr. Blair immediately gave +Mr. Britain full charge, who notwithstanding that his own private +residence was being burned before his eyes, and his furniture and books, +wholly uninsured, were being swept away, stuck to his post like a hero +and averted a calamity, which might have resulted in the instant death +of hundreds of people. Such grand conduct as this deserves more than a +mere mention. Words are weak rewards for such conduct. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +WESTERN SIDE OF CITY, TAKEN FROM LOWER COVE, SHOWING +RUINS OF GAS WORKS. + +Photo. by Simonson.] + +Leinster Street was burned wholly, both sides down to Pitt Street where +the fire ceased, excepting one house, on either side which were spared. +The whole of East King Street, south side, from the jail to Pitt Street, +Princess Street both sides to Pitt Street were all destroyed. Mr. J. S. +Turner's walls in Princess Street remain in fair condition, but the +house is totally gutted. Orange Street fared the same fate. The handsome +residences of A. C. Smith, H. D. Troop, J. A. Venning and J. W. Hall, +Esqs., were devoured early by the flames. On Sydney Street two churches +suffered severely. Both of these were of the Presbyterian faith, St. +David's (Free) and the Reformed Presbyterian Kirk. The former situate in +Sydney Street, was built in 1850, and Rev. Dr. Thompson, afterwards an +eminent divine of New York, was its first pastor, and preached the +opening sermon in the new kirk. Before the kirk was erected, this body +worshipped in the old St. Stephen building, King Square, and Dr. +Thompson preached there when the congregation gathered. The Rev. Wm. +Ferrie, at one time editor of a little journal called _The Protestant_, +was the second minister, and on his retirement from his charge, he was +succeeded by the Rev. Neil McKay, and Mr. Ferrie went to New York. Mr. +McKay was followed by the present pastor, the Rev. Dr. David Waters, +whose loss in the fire was very large, the greater part of his library +having been burned. The Doctor was away at the time in Halifax, and only +reached the city when all was lost. + +The Rev. A. McL. Stavely is the senior Presbyterian clergyman of St. +John. He came to the city in the ship _Eagle_, August 3rd, 1841, having +been ordained minister at Kilbrought, Ireland, June 12th, of the same +year. On the 7th of August, 1841, he preached his first sermon in the +first Reformed Presbyterian Church which was then in the building in +Lower Cove, opposite the Public Schools, known as the Wheeler property. +He was the first minister of that denomination who came to the city, and +has continued ever since in charge of this body. In 1850, the Lower Cove +Church was sold, and has been since used for manufacturing purposes. +The church on the corner of Princess and Sydney Streets, and which was +burned, was erected in 1850. The house adjoining and which was +originally intended as a parsonage, was purchased by Mr. Stavely, as his +private house, and he has been living in it for twenty-seven years. In +1870, at a cost of $2,000, the basement of the church was excavated, and +a fine new hall for general purposes was made. By the fire Mr. Stavely +loses heavily, and his library, the accumulation of many years, was +destroyed. + +Probably, the greatest wreck of the day was the destruction of the +costly and splendid new Victoria School--a building which presented a +massive front, and occupied a commanding position on the corner of Duke +and Sydney Streets. This was the edifice which many who lived up the +street as far as Carmarthen Street firmly believed would act as a +barrier to the flames, and keep off the fire from their houses. Some so +implicitly believed this that until the high walls fairly bent over, not +an effort was made to remove even a picture from the rooms. O, said the +householders on Upper Duke street, that immense pile will never burn; we +are safe enough. But the proud edifice where a thousand children +received daily a free education, did burn, and the sight though +terrible, was one of the most impressive of the day. Now there was +hurrying and packing in three score houses at once, and loud cries to +teamsters and shrieks to servants and porters rent the air. Those, who +talked the loudest before the school was in ashes, exhibited the +greatest despair when they saw what they believed up to this moment to +be their surest safeguard, encircled in the fury of the flames, going +down before their eyes. First the wood-work around the sashes gave way, +and lights shot from half a hundred windows, and the crash of glass as +it was hurled to the pavement showed that the great fire had abated not +a jot. The hot slates on the roof came down the giddy height in scores, +and one man pinned to the earth by a falling slate was carried away +insensible of pain but with a two-inch wound upon his scalp. The flames +crackled for a while and then the dull, heavy sound of weighty bodies +falling inside sent a shudder through the waiting, watching crowd below. +The woodwork snapped and sang in the blaze, and the great stones on the +windows and cornices crumbled into fragments. And still the watchful and +waiting crowd stood in the street, straining their eyes trying to look +through the smoke, and seemingly unable to comprehend it all. It was +only a building that was burning after all. Only another splendid +edifice to add to the total of this day's fell work. Yes, this was the +last, surely it might be spared. But the despoiler would not leave one. +All, all must be swept away in the general scourge. + +As the last vestige of the school-house went down all hope for the city +passed away from men's minds. If that strong building could go so +easily, where would the fire end. Men who had lost their stores and +houses wandered about aimlessly, surveying the work of sorrow that was +going on so unceasingly and relentlessly. It was a hopeless thing now to +try to save anything. + +The Victoria School-house, of which an illustration is given, was begun +in the spring of 1875, and was occupied in the following May. Messrs. +McKean & Fairweather made the design, and it was erected under their +supervision, by Messrs. Flood & Prince. It cost $46,000; heating, +$4,000. The workmanship and materials employed in its construction were +of the most substantial character. The foundation was on piles, capped +with Georgia pine; and the basement above ground was faced with granite. +The fronts were of pressed brick, relieved with Preston bands, window +heads and cornices. The slope of the roof was slated and the deck was +gravel roofed. The building was 82 feet on Duke Street and 68 feet on +Sydney Street, three stories with high French roof, and a basement 12 +feet high. The basement contained two play-rooms, janitor's apartments +and furnaces and fuel. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors contained four rooms +each, 28 x 32, with clothes-rooms and teachers' closets. The top floor +had two rooms, 26 x 30, and a large Exhibition Hall, 16 feet high, 26 x +75. These rooms were separated by folding doors and could be thrown into +one room on occasion. The building was heated by hot water, and ample +provision was secured for ventilation by means of tubes carried between +the floors and entered through a main central shaft through the centre +of which the wrought iron smoke pipe was carried. A central projection +on Duke Street of 4 x 24 feet was brought up as a tower, above the main +roof and finished with a steep high roof. This roof and the main roof +were finished with a cast iron cresting. The lot was enclosed with a +neat iron railing set in a free stone wall. The school-house was well +equipped with furniture. + +[Illustration: VICTORIA SCHOOL HOUSE, CORNER OF DUKE AND SYDNEY +STREETS.] + +In Duke Street the meeting-house of the Disciples of Christ (Christians) +was situate. This church was built of wood and of course burned very +rapidly. The members had their first place of worship in Charlotte +Street where Mr. Jack's buildings were. About twenty years ago they +removed to this building in Duke Street. Brother Tuttle was the first +pastor and Mr. Eaton was the second, Bro. Patterson the next, and Elder +Geo. W. Garrity was the fourth and last. A few years ago a division took +place in the church, and a new edifice was built at the head of +Jeffrey's Hill, and about half of the members of the old congregation +linked their fortunes with the new order of things. + +The old Madras School on the south side of Duke Street, and the Roman +Catholic School-house on Sydney Street, adjoining the Victoria School +and which was formerly taught by the Christian brothers were burned +also. + + + + +CHAPTER IX. + + Queen Square--Incidents in the Burning--The Old Pitcher--"God is + burning up the World, and He won't make another"--Saved from the + flames--Overtaken by Fire three times--The Night of Terror on Queen + Square--Alone amidst Perils--The Lone House on the Square--Three + People under a Table--The sailor--"If I Die to-night sir, hunt them + up"--The escape--The Deserted Streets--An Anomaly--The Marine + Hospital--What a few Buckets of Water Did--The Wiggins Orphan + Asylum--The block in Canterbury street--The _News_ office--Savings + Bank. + + +Some of the most terrible incidents of the fire took place during the +burning of Queen Square. The flames carrying away Mr. Manson's residence +on the corner of Sydney Street and the square, had entered Mr. A. L. +Palmer's house soon afterwards, and then the whole block was hurried to +destruction. The square was filled with the savings of the people, not +alone of those who lived hard by, but many things were here that had +been carried to the vacant space from a long distance early that day. +There was bedding in abundance, and all round about little heaps of +general household stuff lay guarded by women and boys. This for a time +was the haven of safety, and the broad field looked like a vast +warehouse. Chairs and bedsteads and even stoves and old pipes were piled +in hopeless confusion one upon the other. In the hurry people had taken +that which they had seen first, and the common things of the kitchen +were saved while the rich furniture of the drawing-room was left to +perish. A man congratulated himself upon saving an old tub and a +dipper, while the books in the library lay untouched save by the fire, +and private papers that he could easily have slipped into his pocket, +burned before his eyes. A lady told her husband to be careful and take a +bag which contained the massive silver plate of her family for a +century, and in the moving it was found that he had saved the rag-bag +instead. A man who had been a prosperous merchant lost his all, and the +little savings he had scraped together in a decade of years seemed to +melt before him, but he that night knelt and thanked his God that his +wife and child were by his side. These treasures were near him and all +else might go. He had his strong and willing hands still left, and a +firm spirit, and though for a while he would miss the little comforts he +had been accustomed to, yet would he battle with the world again, and in +the coming years try to win back some of the fruits he had lost. Men in +the excitement knew not what to take first, and pianos were thrown out +of three-story windows, while carpets that had worn worthily and well +till they had become heir-looms in the family, were carefully borne down +stairs on the broad shoulders of stout porters. A thousand human beings +stood in the square watching the flames lashing the buildings before +them. John Boyd, Esq's residence, one of the handsomest buildings in the +city, richly furnished and equipped with costly books, was attacked on +both sides, and soon forced to yield and go down like the less +substantial buildings at its side. The house of G. B. Cushing, Esq., was +of wood, and it was not long before the site on which it stood was +level with the ground. Before the house of Mr. E. L. Jewett, once the +home of the late Dr. Gray, had taken fire, a gentleman tried to save it +by standing on the roof and dashing a pitcher of water on the sparks as +they caught vulnerable spots. For an hour or more he stood there with +his pitcher, when it became evident to him that no effort that he could +make would save the building, and he got down, leaving the pitcher +standing on a ledge of the chimney. The fire shortly afterwards burned +the building, and left the long chimney standing against the sky; and +the next day when the spot was visited, and people walked over the heap +of ashes that had once been a household, all that was saved was the old +pitcher, that still stood on the ledge of the chimney solitary and +alone. It told the story of the desolation more eloquently than tongue +of orator could speak, or pen of a Macaulay could describe. The house of +ex-Mayor Woodward, with its hundreds of curiosities and old relics, +including Major André's gun and a score of Continental dollars, caught +in the rear, and lived but a few minutes in the flames. But so it was +all round the square. When Mrs. Stevenson's strong house was going to +pieces, a flock of pigeons hovering near it were drawn in by the heat; +they whirled about for an instant, turned and rushed into the vortex, +and perished in a second. A cat, maddened and wild, cut off from all +escape, dashed along, when the fire pursued her, and she stood still. On +Thursday morning she was still standing in the same place. Her frame +only could be seen, with head up and tail erect; it was a ghastly +sight. It was during the conflagration on the square, that a little +child, five years old, sat by the window of his grandfather's house, +then in fancied security, and looked out at the flames. The little +fellow for awhile could not speak. He became pale with terror, and with +a loud cry he burst out with this thought: "O, pa, pa, come and see! God +is burning up the world, and He won't make another, and He won't make +another!" It was in vain they tried to pacify him, he still continued +his cry, and it was only when far away from the dreadful scene which +roused so strangely his youthful imagination, that he became calm. + +[Illustration: VIEW FROM QUEEN SQUARE.] + +But there were other incidents in this quarter of the city which deserve +more than a passing notice. There were deeds of heroism done and hours +of agony endured that should be recorded and remembered. There were +exploits exhibiting a broad humanity and great self-sacrifice performed, +that should not be forgotten or go down unrecognised. We had heroes in +our midst that night, and the man who climbed three stories of a house +enveloped in the flames, and snatched the sleeping infant from its crib, +and brought her safe to her agonized mother in the square below, is as +surely as brave as "he who taketh a city," or marches against the +invader of his country. If there are decorations of honour to be given, +let them be bestowed on those noble ones who saved lives that day. A +case has come under the writer's notice which deserves the fullest +publicity. Mr. D. R. Munro, after working at John McDougall's place in +York Point for some time, and then going to the assistance of an old +lady who was striving to save her bedding, started for Lower Cove in the +direction of Mr. Tucker's house. On his way he noticed with alarm the +extraordinary headway which the fire was making. Trinity and St. +Andrew's were on fire, and the Victoria Hotel just catching. Some of the +streets were so blocked up with people, and thick with flame and smoke, +that he could not pass them. He had to go through Chipman's field, but +he could not get further along Prince William Street. Germain Street was +the only way open to him, and by this thoroughfare he journeyed till he +reached Queen Square. Here Mrs. Freeman, the rigger's wife, was +gathering together her scattered effects, when her little children +raised the cry, "Quick, quick, mother's on fire! Save my mother!" Mr. +Munro and a companion rushed in, seized Mrs. Freeman, wound a carpet +about her, and tried to smother the flames with their hands. As soon as +the carpet was removed from her person, the fire again seized her, when +her clothes had to be torn from her and she was rolled on the grass with +a table-cloth wrapped tightly around her. This saved her life, and she +escaped the awful death which seemed so imminent. Mrs. Tucker's house +was by this time in great danger, the leaping flames were expected +momentarily to snatch it from its base, and people were beginning to get +the furniture away before the shock came. For a moment Mr. Munro lay on +the grass, unable to resume his exertions. He had worked from three in +the afternoon till it was nearly eight o'clock, and with hands and face +burned he rested on the grass. But his rest was of short duration, for +on looking up a sight met his eyes which filled his soul with horror. +Mrs. Tucker's house was on fire and she herself seemed in the very heart +of the flames. He almost flew to her, the courage of the lion and the +quickness of Mercury seemed to come to him all at once, and he was by +her side in an instant. Three times her bonnet caught, and as often was +the blaze extinguished. Mrs. Tucker seemed deaf to all requests of her +friends, who in vain entreated her to go away and leave her house and +furniture to their fate. She still remained by the few things she had +borne away, and it was after eight o'clock before she sought a place of +safety. A sailor was working in the cellar of her house, passing the +things he managed to lay hands on through the window. He was not aware +of his danger, for when he had got in, the flames were a good distance +off, and when he was discovered the house was on fire. In a few moments, +it would come crushing down and bury him in the ruins. Mr. Munro +hastened to his relief. Through his labours the man was rescued, for he +had not been out a hundred seconds, when, in a mass of ruins, the house +came tumbling down. The sailor, who gave his name as Robert Angus, 2nd +officer of the ship "Asiana," sought with Mr. Munro a refuge in the +square, for all hope of getting away by any of the streets was cut off. +Both sides of Charlotte Street and Sydney Street were on fire, and from +St. Andrew's Street all means of exit were away. The two men stood on +the square and looked around them. Strange emotions filled their +breasts. They were alone, standing in the centre of one of the greatest +conflagrations they had ever seen. All round them the giant flames +gathered, and closer and closer, and narrower and narrower the circle +became. The Pagoda in their rear was blazing. The posts here and there +burned at the tops, like so many huge candles. Not a soul was to be seen +on the square but themselves. The streets were deserted. Every one had +fled. The little nests of scattered effects burned on every side of +them, and the stench from smouldering feathers and domestic animals who +died by the score, was intolerable. Neither man for some minutes spoke. +Both looked out into the night. One can guess what thoughts entered +their heads. The advancing fire interrupted their reveries, and as they +could not escape from the plain in which they were imprisoned, they +looked about them for means of preservation from the intense heat, which +became greater at every moment. An old pine table was brought up to the +camping ground they had selected. A headstone of marble that was lying +at their feet, was placed at the head of it, and a carpet was wrapped +around them. In this primitive wigwam the men resolved to pass the +night. The prospect before them was gloomy enough. Just before getting +into this cabin, an old woman came hobbling up towards them, crying +aloud for help. They invited her to share their kennel. She accepted the +invitation and the three refugees watched the flames on every side of +them for two hours. There was silence for a while when the sailor, who +all through had exhibited such nerve and coolness, now showed signs of +trepidation and fear. He began to talk of his home in England, of his +wife and children, and the strong man who could do so much for others, +fairly broke down and wept bitter tears. "Who will take care of them +now, sir," he broke out with a wail. "If I die to-night, hunt them up +and tell them how I died. It is not for myself I feel, but for them, +poor bodies. You know my name and ship, sir, any of my mess-mates will +know what to do if you tell them what became of poor Bob Angus." It +would indeed move a sterner heart than Mr. Munro's, to hear a man like +this talk in a way like that. The sailor who had breasted the billows of +the ocean so long that he had begun to look upon them as his playthings, +crouched that night in his little box in Queen Square, weeping for the +loved ones at home, far, far away. Mrs. Donovan who sat beside the +sailor tried to cheer him up, but it was useless, and her words of +comfort only made him feel worse and writhe in greater agony. + +At last, for there is an end to all things, a bold sortie was proposed, +and each of the prisoners sought to force a way out of their natural +prison. Each took a direction, and in the dead of that awful night they +made their way. The hydra-head of the monster ruin withered them at +every turn. Giant walls fell crumbling at their feet, and the fire +flashed and the flames flickered on the heaps of debris which they +encountered on the sideways of their journey. Not a soul could be seen +in the streets. They met no living thing. The silence was as terrible to +them as it is to the lonely pilgrim of the forest, or the traveller in +the distant arctic, who shrieks ever and anon lest he go mad from the +effect of that awful solitude. When the parties met at the corner they +separated and each groped his way homeward through the desert of +desolation. Mr. Munro's loss is very heavy. In working for others he +neglected his own interests, and many of his personal effects have +passed away. + +On St. James Street, two buildings stood. One was a very massive and +very beautiful structure, of no precise form of architecture, but very +chaste and elegant for all that. The other was an old wooden barn-like +house that had been decaying for years, and was only waiting to be torn +down by some passing high wind. These two buildings were situate within +a stones throw of each other, and the one could have been saved just as +well as the other. A little nerve, a little will, and a few pails of +water would have done the work. The Marine Hospital was built in a +garden. It was a useful sort of affair in its day, but it had long ago +done all the good that was expected of it. Its day was past, and it must +soon have given way to a fine brick structure, to be located on its +site. When the fire came tearing along, decimating the buildings in +every block, Mr. Barnes, the keeper, and a few of the inmates stationed +themselves in good positions, and began a vigorous defence of the old +place. A number of well directed buckets of water, plied rapidly when +the fire showed itself, was all that these men did, and the old building +was saved. The fire was stubborn, for it tried a hundred times to gain a +foothold, but the men who defended the hospital were just as +indomitable, and the defence was a great success. The hospital now +stands in all its grim shabbiness and ugliness, though a barn near by, +filled with goods of all kinds, including a piano, of course, perished. +People from a distance, who came days afterwards to witness the +desolation, ask with amazement why this great house was saved, and the +noble charity almost opposite, was allowed to burn. But it is hard to +always fathom the short-sightedness of man. All praise is due to Mr. +Barnes and his assistants, for saving even one public building, and it +is a pity his example could not have been followed opposite, when the +Wiggins Orphanage caught. Only one man was left in charge, and it is not +expected that he could do everything in a time when all were at their +wits' end and full of excitement. This splendid charity was instituted +in 1867, and was founded by the late Stephen Wiggins. It was opened July +1, 1876, and erected at a cost of $80,000. Mr. Wiggins left this +magnificent sum for a male Orphan Asylum, under certain provisions. +These were, that each child to be admitted must be born in the City and +County of St. John, preference always to be shown to fatherless children +of mariners; the children must be not under the age of four nor over ten +years at the time of admission, and not to be continued in the +institution after reaching the age of fifteen years. No teacher could be +employed who was a Unitarian, Universalist or Roman Catholic, and no +Governor could act in that capacity if he were of that belief. The +Governors consisted of nine gentlemen. Those at the time of the +incorporation were, the Rev. William Scovil, Charles Merritt, Frederick +A. Wiggins, Hon. John W. Weldon, Beverley Robinson, J. D. Lewin, Geo. C. +Wiggins, Henry W. Frith, and the Rector of St. James' Church. When the +building burned, there were twelve orphans in the Asylum, but they were +safely rescued and sent to Long Island. The present Board consists of +the following gentlemen: Chas. Merritt, Hon. J. D. Lewin, Rev. Wm. +Armstrong, Rev. W. Scovil, Hon. J. W. Weldon, Geo. Sidney Smith, B. L. +Peters, H. W. Frith Rev. F. Brigstocke, with James U. Thomas, as +Secretary. At a meeting of the Governors, held on Monday, the 2nd July, +it was decided to rebuild the Institute very soon. The reader will +notice from the cut which is given of the Orphanage, that it presented a +very pretty front, and was exceedingly well built. + +In Mecklenburg Street, all that fine block of buildings on the north +side, beginning with the residence of Mr. John R. Armstrong, and +followed by Mr. John W. Nicholson's castle, the houses of the Messrs. +Magee and others; on the south side Mr. Vaughan's well-built house, and +on the corner the Stevenson property, mentioned just now, burned very +readily. Mr. John Magee's family escaped with their lives only. + +[Illustration: CANTERBURY ST., SHOWING RICHIE'S BUILDING IN THE +DISTANCE. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + +The fire in Canterbury Street levelled a block of buildings that were +the boast of the city. They were built with great care and especially +designed for the great wholesale trade which was done there. The street +is a narrow one and runs from King Street to Princess Street, and is +crossed by a small alley called Church. Of late years the street has +grown from a comparative by-way or short cut, to an extensive wholesale +stand, where merchants of large means and good business capacity have +met their clients and customers. The stocks kept in these spacious +warehouses have ever been large, and the appliances with which the +stores were supplied actually made business a luxury. The centre +building was erected and occupied by the Hon. Thomas R. Jones, wholesale +dry goods merchant. His shirt factory was situate opposite, next door to +the Printing House of McKillop & Johnston, who used to print _The Weekly +Watchman_. The second pile was built by the same merchant for Messrs. W. +H. Thorne & Co., wholesale hardware merchants, and the building on the +south of the present edifice, was erected by The North British and +Mercantile Insurance Company, Henry Jack, Esq., agent, and leased to +Messrs. Everitt & Butler, wholesale dry goods merchants. Mr. Jack's +office was in this building also. The _Daily News'_ office was between +the latter and the Savings Bank. It was erected some twenty years ago by +the present Queen's printer and former proprietor of the _Daily +News_--the first penny paper--George E. Fenety, Esq. The present +proprietors, Messrs. Willis & Mott, purchased it last September. This +year they made several improvements on it, enlarged it in the rear and +improved the inside. They had begun work on the ground flat when the +fire changed the aspect of affairs. All that was saved were three pages +of type, and the late fyles of the paper. These were carried as far as +Reed's Point, and were only considered safe when they reached water +mark. The building was of brick. The offices were down stairs and +consisted of accountant's room, editor's office and reporters' room.[O] +The Savings' Bank on the corner of Princess and Canterbury Streets was a +building of singularly handsome proportions. It was built in the year +1859, by the St. John County Provident Society, which up to this time +had an office in the old Commercial Bank building. In 1872, the Dominion +Government took it off their hands, had it renovated thoroughly and +changed, and commenced operations in it in 1873, as a Dominion Savings' +Bank. The Assistant Receiver-General and Dominion Auditor had offices in +the bank. Matthew Stead was the architect. The old Post Office in this +street was leased a few months ago to The Paper Company, who had it +repaired and well furnished. In the upper story _The Watchman_ office +was located. Messrs. Bowes & Evans' large stove establishment, and John +Vassie & Co's wholesale dry goods house, entrance on Canterbury Street, +were greedily devoured. The little street suffered severely, for it +represented a very large sum of money. Two well-known institutions were +also burned here, Conroy's hair-dressing establishment and McGinley's +barber-shop. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +INSIDE THE SAVINGS BANK. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[O] The first steam press in the Maritime Provinces was started +in the _Morning News_ building, then situated directly on the south end +of what is now called Canterbury Street, but which was not then +opened. + + + + +CHAPTER X. + + Incidents--An Old Corner Burned Down--The Lenders and + Borrowers--"Twenty per Cent."--The Shylocks of the Curbstone-- + The Human Barometer--The Vultures of Commerce--Chubbs' Corner-- + The Old Commercial Bank--The _Telegraph_ Office--The Bank of New + Brunswick--A Hard Worked Cashier--The Post Office--Not a Mail + Lost--Quick Despatch--The Nethery House and the Orangemen--The + Royal Hotel--The Custom House--The Dead of the Conflagration. + + +Beyond all question the successful resistance to the flames at the +residence of James H. Moran, Esq., at Chipman's Hill, prevented the +spread of the fire to the northern portion of the city. That house was +attacked with great fury from front and rear, but the extraordinary and +well applied labours of Mr. Joseph Dunlop, and his crew of workmen from +the shipyard, aided by the city firemen, kept the flames at bay. The +window sashes caught several times, and the men finding neither timber +nor axes, boldly grasped the sashes with their naked hands, and despite +some severe burning to themselves, they succeeded in tearing them away. +This saved the building and stopped the spread of the flames along Union +Street and beyond it. Mr. Moran was at his summer residence in St. +Martin's during the conflagration, but on hearing of the calamity he +hastened home, and made the journey of 32 miles, it is said, in two +hours and forty-five minutes. While the fire was in Mill Street, a +bright little fellow of thirteen, named Johnny Law, performed an act of +considerable heroism and thoughtfulness. His employer, Mr. W. H. Gibbon, +had gone to Grand Lake about two days before the fire, and left his +establishment in charge of this boy, who had the forethought when he saw +the flames coming near the store to save the books and papers. The +flooring above his head fell while he was getting out, but by crawling +on his hands and knees, he managed to effect his release from a +captivity that would soon have resulted in certain death. Besides this +he saved a number of articles from the house, and saw to the successful +removal of Mrs. Gibbon and her young children. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.] + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +PRINCE WILLIAM STREET. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + +There was great ruin in Prince William Street after the fire. A good +deal of the wealth of the city, and some of the chief buildings of the +place were situate here. The destruction of the Imperial Building +belonging to the Messrs. Magee, and which was occupied by them and +Messrs. Maclellan & Co., the bankers, was but the work of a few moments. +A large quantity of valuable merchandise likewise perished, and the +newly commenced block of buildings adjoining exhibited even a vaster +extent of ruin than it did on the night of the last great fire which +raged in this locality, and which cost the city seven lives.[P] Mr. +Robert Marshall's insurance office, on the corner of the Market Square, +and indeed the whole of Prince William Street, both sides clear to +Reed's Point, were reduced to ashes and debris. Jardine's grocery store, +Messrs. Wisdom & Fish's belting and heavy goods establishment, Benson's +millinery store, Steeves, Bros., J. & J. Hegan & Co's., Beard & Venning, +The Devebers, James R. Cameron & Co., W. H. Hayward & Co., George +Philp's banking house, and Chubb's book store on the one side, were as +completely wrecked as the row of stores on the eastern part of the +street which contained Barnes & Co's. book-store, Peiler's piano +warehouse, and Professor Devine's music store, the splendid book and +publishing establishment of Messrs. J. & A. McMillan, which was first +built in 1831, and was afterwards burned in one of the great fires which +succeeded that year, and, about 1842, was rebuilt in the shape in which +the fire found it the other day, the insurances offices of H. R. Ranney, +Lawton's drug store, Stevenson's shoe-shop, Valpey's, Sheraton & +Skinner's carpet warehouse, Simeon Jones & Co's., Eastern Express, +Francis', and Z. G. Gabel's corner store. + +Chubb's Corner--the home of the curb stone broker, and the place where +more gossip has been talked during the last forty years than would +furnish the stock-in-trade of forty well-organized sewing circles--was +an early victim, for it went down with Furlong's palace about the hour +of six. The mention of Chubb's Corner awakens a thousand memories. For +many years it enjoyed the distinction of being the great centre of +commercial speculation. Men came here to meet men who had money to lend, +and those who had none came to borrow it. Stocks and merchandise changed +hands on this spot a dozen times a day, and the cautious bill-broker +who never had any funds of his own to lend, came here to scent the +financial air. In this cheerful spot money was subject to the +fluctuations of the market with a vengeance. The rate--aye, there's the +rub--"if we can only agree about _that_," said the note-shaver, "I think +I may take the paper. 'The man is a good man,'" he continued, +unconsciously quoting Shakespeare, "and I think I may take his bond," +and though nothing was said about the pound of flesh in the event of the +notes not being paid at maturity, the modern Shylock meant it all the +same, and was as equally determined to get it, too, as the old gentleman +we see on the stage rubbing his hands together, and making horrible +faces at the audience and the Christian merchant Antonio. The rate in +this grim corner was not measured by the consciences of the +money-lenders, but by the necessities of the applicant. One could tell +in a much less expensive way than by borrowing money of these gentry, +whether they were getting a good price for their coin or not, by simply +watching their faces during the operation. The face of the note-shaver +is a barometer. It requires no regulating and it is always correct. +There, quick, watch it now. See how long the face is. No, he has no +money himself, but--Ah, that's it, now watch. See, observe the +countenance, listen to that chuckle? Yes, what is he chuckling about? +Oh, that's nothing, only habit; now the face is hanging up again, and it +is ready for observation. The lender is telling the borrower how +difficult it is to get money, and how much Smith had to pay for a thirty +days' loan yesterday. This is of no interest to Jones, who is hanging +on the words of Mr. Shylock as a lover drinks in the soft nothings of +his mistress, but it gives the lender opportunities to find out how +"hard up" his victim is. Now watch the face again. Still long and +bilious-looking. Twenty per cent. is not so high. It's only five dollars +off of a hundred, and look at the time three months--and it falls due on +Sunday, too. You'll get a day's interest out of me for nothing, you +rogue. The face is positively joyous. The eyes snap and sparkle. The +countenance has become quite round and full, and there are bright spots +on the cheeks. The extra day without interest did it, and the two go off +arm in arm. But after all they are not happy; one has paid too much, and +the other stands ready to kick himself for not having asked more. O, +Chubb's Corner, you have much to answer for, and perhaps the fire did +some good in staying this kind of business for a time at least on your +site. But the old corner was not given over entirely to the vultures of +commerce. It was the place for many years where property, stocks, +debentures, bonds, and all such securities were sold at Public Auction +as well as by private sale. The old Corner was a meeting place too, +where men met and talked over the times and their affairs. Men stopped +here on their way to the Post Office, the old Bank and the Custom House, +if it was not too late, to have a friendly chat with an acquaintance. +Office boys hurrying along in the leisurely hurry that office boys +always employ, stopped at Chubb's Corner and looked into the windows of +the Exchange office, and wondered to themselves if the huge pile of +money they saw lying about was good or not, and whether it would pass. +And so the days came and the days passed away, and year in and year out, +the old Corner still stood the centre of a busy hive. If those old walls +could speak now, as daily, men tramp over their fallen forms, what tales +could they tell, what stories of joy and sorrow might they not relate! +Walls have ears and they heard much, but they could not speak and what +they knew has perished with them. + +The building on the Corner was put up by Mr. Chubb, shortly after he was +burned out in 1839. The head of the old firm was Henry Chubb, Esq., +whose father landed with the Loyalists. He succeeded in 1811 the +business which had formerly been carried on by Mrs. Mott, wife of the +King's Printer, for whom Mr. Chubb conducted the work of the +establishment on the death of her husband. In 1842, Samuel Seeds was +admitted partner in the firm together with the eldest son of Mr. Chubb, +Henry J. Chubb. In 1846 the latter died and the surviving partners +continued the business until the spring of 1855, when Mr. Chubb died +leaving his share to Mr. Seeds and his two sons, Thos. Chubb and George +James Chubb. In 1863, Mr. Seeds retired and the brothers remained in +business until 1865, when G. J. Chubb bought out his brother's interest, +and the firm has continued under the old style of H. Chubb & Co., ever +since. An exchange office was added to the stationery and printing +business during the American War. + +The old Commercial Bank building which was lately completely altered +and renovated internally, was situate on the south-east corner of Prince +William and Princess Streets. The corner stone was laid in 1839, and a +grand Masonic demonstration took place, Rev. Dr. B. G. Gray officiating. +Henry Gilbert Esq., was the President of the Commercial Bank at the +time. It was used latterly for the civic offices, and the Water +Commissioners had an office on the ground flat. _The Daily Telegraph_ +newspaper occupied the old wooden building adjoining, and about which +notice is given in the first chapter of this history. Mr. Elder, the +enterprising editor and proprietor of the paper, is a heavy loser by the +fire. Not only did he lose his well-equipped printing office and +appliances, his splendid reference library and collection of historic +data, the gatherings of many years, but his bound fyles also, and in +fact everything he possessed vanished forever. + +The Bank of New Brunswick was for a long time deemed safe. It is true +that the merchants hurried in with their books when the fire was still +raging a quarter of a mile away, but the old building which was burned +inside, exhibited after the fire, walls and pillars as strong and +vigorous as they were half a century ago. The vaults preserved their +contents, and millions of money were thus plucked from the burning. The +old bank was an edifice in which the people took pride. It was a hale +old veteran that had passed through many a disaster. When financial +troubles darkened the days of the people, when the dread cholera spread +disease and death in households, when fires laid waste the best acres +of our territory, the old bank still stood erect, and withstood the +shock which threatened her on every side. It succumbed this time, but +only in a partial way, for its pillars and a portion of its walls are as +stalwart as of yore. In May, 1821, a general meeting was held of the +stockholders of the banking company that had been organized the year +before. At this meeting some honoured names were read, and the following +gentlemen were present: Henry Gilbert, Hon. John Robinson, Nehemiah +Merritt, Wm. Black, Ezekiel Barlow, Thos. Millidge, Ward Chipman, jr., +Zalmon Wheeler, Hugh Johnston, jr., Robert W. Crookshank, Robert Parker, +jr., Stephen Wiggins, and Hugh Johnston, senr. On the seventh day of May +the directors were chosen, and the bank was ready for business. The +first President was the Hon. John Robinson; and the other Directors for +the year were Wm. Black, Ezekiel Barlow, Lewis Bliss, Ward Chipman, jr., +Robert W. Crookshank, senr., Henry Gilbert, Hugh Johnston, Nehemiah +Merritt, Thos. Millidge, Robert Parker, jr., Zalmon Wheeler, and Stephen +Wiggins. Of these but one lives to-day, Lewis Bliss, Esq., who, at last +accounts was in London, England. The Hon. J. D. Lewin was made President +in 1857, and Wm. Girvan, Esq., whose great industry is proverbial, was +chosen cashier, March 1st, 1862. Mr. Girvan, on taking charge of his +office, at once went methodically over the old books, and in two years, +by dint of untiring application, he had the full set from 1820 in shape. +The books are in such excellent condition, and so well arranged, that +it is a pleasure to refer to them. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +RUINS OF BANK OF NEW BRUNSWICK. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + +The Bayard Building, containing Mr. G. Em. Allen's office, the +Attorney-General's office and others, with two stores underneath, and +the new Bank of Nova Scotia building, which formerly belonged to Messrs. +Andre D. Cushing & Co., were soon destroyed, together with Barnes' +Hotel, which, only a few years ago, had an extension added, and was +fitted up with every modern improvement. Stewart & White's large +furniture warehouse and auction rooms opposite, in Smith's building, +with their heavy stocks, were burned. + +[Illustration: NEW POST OFFICE.] + +The destruction of the new Post Office, one of the most beautiful +buildings in the city at the time of the fire, was one of the saddest +spectacles of the day. It had only been opened a year, and its handsome +design and rich finish had often been admired. The ornamental freestone +work on the front, and the rich red granite pillars, gave the edifice a +very fine appearance. The flames were twice extinguished by Mr. Parker +in the tower where they made the attack first at six o'clock, at the +place where the clock was to have been put. At three in the afternoon +the mail matter was carefully put away in bags, and every preparation +made for a speedy departure. The first load of mail bags was hauled to a +place of safety, to Reed's Point, and seventeen of them were carried by +hand to the fish-market wharf, where a boat was seized and sixteen of +the bags put in it. The doors of the Post Office were closed to the +public at five o'clock, and by half-past six the fire had made such an +onslaught that nothing could keep it away. Through the foresight of Mr. +J. V. Ellis, the Postmaster, not a mail was lost, or a letter mislaid. +The outgoing mails that night to the north and east, were despatched as +usual, and with excellent executive skill, the Post Master was ready in +a temporary office in the Market building, to deliver letters to +applicants in less than twenty-four hours after the fire. In twelve +hours after that the delivery system was in full working order, and in a +few days merchants had the pleasure of receiving their mails in boxes of +their own at the Post Office. The Registry Letter Office was ready for +work, under Mr. M. J. Potter's management in a little while, and the +opening of the Money Order Department's Office was not long in +following. The clerks and other employes of the Post Office deserve the +greatest credit for their promptness under a most trying situation, and +their uniform kindness and courtesy were preserved to the last. Mr. +Flaglor delivered the first and last letters at the Post Office, Prince +William Street. + +The old Nethery house in Church Street, where Mr. Geo. A. Knodell had +his printing office, and Mr. H. L. Spencer his medical warehouse, was +once the great headquarters of the Orangemen, and was built about the +year 1823. It was in this building that in old times balls and parties, +and dinners in connection with the order were given, and it was from +here that on the famous twelfth of July, when Duncan Wilmot was Mayor, +the Orangemen marched at the time of the memorable riot. Mr. Knodell +has begun rebuilding on this site. + +The Royal Hotel in Prince William Street, formerly Stubbs' Hotel, and +for many years a leading house in the city, caught fire early in the +afternoon from the sparks. The inhabitants apprehended no danger and the +sparks were put out, but Mr. Waldron, Stage Manager of the Theatre, came +to the conclusion that as it had taken fire once, it might soon again be +stricken. He accordingly warned the others and proceeded to get his +things together for a final exit. The Hotel did catch about an hour and +a half after this, and all on the ground save the old tree to the left, +were in ashes before night. Mr. Thomas F. Raymond succeeded Mr. McIntosh +in the management of Stubbs' Hotel, and it was by him changed to the +name of "The Royal." A great many public dinners and balls have been +given in this house, and its spacious dining room for many years was +considered one of the finest ball-rooms in the city. The last great ball +given here was in 1871, in March, by St. Andrew's Society, on the +occasion of the marriage of the Marquis of Lorne to the Princess Louise. + +A large amount of property that had been stored away for safe keeping in +the Custom House, was burned when that fine building went down. Hundreds +of people believing strongly in stone and brick, sought refuge for their +chattels here, and almost all available space was occupied with goods of +every description. The merest trifles were saved after the building took +fire, and an immense amount of material was consumed. Even Robert +Shives' collection of diaries that dated back many years was lost, as +well as a considerable number of his papers in connection with the +emigration office of which he was the agent. Mr. Shives was suffering +from illness during the fire and was too weak to be about much. Several +merchants who had sent their account books to the Custom House for +safety lost them in the great destruction which followed. The building +was a good strong substantial structure built about the year 1841, by +the late John Walker, Esq., and designed by him as a government +warehouse.[Q] He did not succeed however, in having it accepted as such +by the government, and it was purchased by Mr. McLeod, of St. John, and +Alexander Keith, Esq., of Halifax, and used as the Custom House. The +Government of Canada bought it from George McLeod, Esq., M. P. some +months ago. It was roomy and well adapted for customs purposes. When the +Dominion Government took it off Mr. McLeod's hands they refitted it up +completely. The storm drum and time ball and signal station were situate +on the Custom House. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +RUINS OF CUSTOM HOUSE FROM NORTH END AND EAST SIDE. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + +The International Hotel was formerly a double residence with the +entrance on the second story. About twenty years ago it was enlarged and +converted into an hotel under the management of Mr. A. B. Barnes, who +called the house after its owner--The Lawrence Hotel. Mr. Barnes left +it some years ago and removed to his own premises nearer King Street, +and Mr. R. S. Hyke, after it was modernized a little, assumed the +management. + +The fire in Water Street proved to be very destructive. Tisdale's +corner, at the head of South wharf, and the home of the hardware +business in St. John for many years; the grocery establishments of C. M. +Bostwick and Geo. Robertson; John Melick's office, the ferry floats and +waiting-room, as well as Adam Young's large stove warehouse and the +Messrs. McCarty's place of business, were soon carried away. The good +old house of Robt. Robertson & Son, that for half a century wielded +great influence in the community, and whose ships to-day ride many +oceans, with its stock of sails and rigging, lasted scarcely longer in +the terrible heat than an hour's space. Walker's wharf and the premises +in Ward street suffered greatly, and it was while trying to save his +property here, that Captain William M. B. Firth lost his life. He was +last seen in Prince William Street, blinded by the smoke and scorched by +the flames, trying to make his way out. It is thought that finding all +hope of gaining an egress from the suffocating street, he sank down in +the roadside exhausted and weary, and death came to him there. His body +was found the next day, but it was not until Saturday that he was fully +recognised and claimed. He leaves a sorrowing wife and five +grief-stricken children, who spent the terrible days of his absence in +the greatest agony. There were many rumours about Capt. Firth while he +was missing. Some said that he was all right in Carleton, others +averred that he had gone away in a ship, while others again stoutly +maintained that they had seen him put out to sea in a boat and that he +would turn up all right. But when these tidings reached his poor wife, +she always turned with a sad smile of gratefulness to those who brought +her such news, in the hope that it might cheer her up, and said that her +heart told her better. Her husband's place was by her side, and he knew +it as well as she. What would he be doing out in a boat so long, when he +did not even know whether his wife and family were alive or not; no, she +never believed the rumours which came to her, thick and fast, as the +hours of those anxious days went by; and when the dread news came at +length, the widowed mother and her fatherless children had known it in +their hearts long before. + +Another terrible death was that of Mr. Samuel Corbitt, a gentleman +esteemed and respected for his many good qualities, by all who knew him. +He was a furniture dealer, and his store was in Prince William Street. A +gentleman exchanged a few words with him while the fire was in full +career. Mr. Corbitt went into his own building, to get some things and +he never came back. The greatest sympathy is felt in the community for +Mrs. Corbitt and family. + +An old resident of the city, Mr. Joseph Bell--a painter, lived in Duke +Street, where he kept his shop. On the night of the fire he went in to +remove a painting it is said, but when he turned to come out he could +not pass the flames, and he too perished, and was buried in the ruins +of his old home. A man named Johnson is still missing, and it is +probable he lost his life in the fire. Mrs. Coughlan, Timothy O'Leary, +Michael Donohoe, and Mrs. Fitzgerald, are also supposed to have lost +their lives in the same sad way, and as many are still missing, the loss +of life, it is expected, will be quite large. The heavy buildings came +down with such rapidity after they became hot, that it is feared that a +good many people were buried in the ruins, and the intense heat which +followed would render them never again recognisable, even if a portion +of the remains were found. + +An incident has come to hand which deserves more than a passing notice. +Young Johnny Murphy, a mere child, who lived with his mother in +Charlotte Street, bravely jumped from the second-storey window of his +residence with his younger brother in his arms. The act was that of a +hero, and worthy the admiration and applause of thousands. Such bravery +and heroism should indeed be rewarded. The little fellow wears his +honors meekly. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[P] March 8th, 1877. + +[Q] It had a three story granite front on Prince William Street +250 feet long, by 92 feet deep towards Water Street, which face was +built of brick four stories high. It cost Mr. Walker $120,000. + + + + +CHAPTER XI. + + The Old House on the Hill--A Wily Commissary--The Bags of + Gold--What was done at Midnight--The Dead of Night Deposit--The + Old Vault--A Timid Money-Lender--Mr. Peter Johnson--The Board of + Commissioners--The Old Gentleman's Little Joke--The Inspection-- + How it was Discovered--The Fight with the Flames--"How much will + I Get?"--What he Got--The Oil Barrels--Dashing the Water on the + Kerosene--A Lively time on Reed's Point Wharf--The Bridge of + Fire--On the Ferry-Boat--The Western Union Telegraph Office--The + First Dispatch. + + +The fire in that portion of Princess Street, from Prince William street +to Charlotte Street, was a great leveller, and destroyed a number of +useful buildings as well as a few very excellent ones. The Wiggin's +building on Rocky Hill, north side, which was erected about twenty years +ago found a fate which was common enough that day. The destruction of +Ritchie's building, though not expected by some, followed soon after. It +was admirably built, and the large number of division walls which it +had, rendered it almost invincible against any element however strong. +Look at it to-day after the fire has done its worst, and there is much +of it standing that can be utilized again. Its splendid supports are +ready for duty, and though the structure was on fire for seven hours and +subjected to great heat, the walls show that they could stand a good +deal of such endurance yet, and not crumble. The site on which this +edifice was erected, has in common with some others which have been +mentioned in the course of our story, a history of its own. A frame +building many years ago, before Rocky Hill was cut down, was built here +by Dr. Thomas Paddock, who afterwards disposed of it to Price, the +Commissary, who subsequently sold it to the Government. The house was +used as the Commissariat for a number of years. About 1823 or 1824 a +good deal of excitement was created by the arrest of Mr. Price who was +charged with defalcation in his accounts. He was closely guarded, and +after a court of enquiry was held, he was confined for a time and +finally allowed to depart. The story goes, and there are many who +remember it perfectly, that a wealthy gentleman knowing that Price lived +too fast, and had become involved, had offered to lend him the bags of +money which would make good his position when the commissioners came to +examine his accounts. It was proposed that they be sent over and +deposited in the house, and after the examiners were satisfied and had +left the city, the bags of coin would be conveyed back again to the +owner. This was satisfactory, and Price thanked his good friend. In +those days commissioners did not move as rapidly as they do now, and the +board did not arrive for a few days. In the meantime, the money was in +Price's possession, and he slept at night the peaceful sleep of the +innocent and just. But delays are ever dangerous, and Mr. Price's friend +was the timidest of the most timid men. He had no sooner sent his bags +of gold out, when he began to ruminate. What if the commissioners +decided to take the money with them and deposit it somewhere else? What +if the thing leaked out and his friend Price got dismissed, and he lost +his money? It worried him, and though Price slept, the money-lender did +not. He began to grow more and more anxious. Every day he grew worse, +until at last just as the commissioners had arrived and Mr. Price was +getting ready to show them around in the morning, and give them his +papers to examine, and show them the money, the friend acted on the +thought which was burning his heart out, and he sent for Peter Johnson. +Now Mr. Johnson, who figures in our narrative, for the first time was a +negro, and he it was, who, in the dead of night when all was still, +wheeled the mysterious bags of bullion to and from the old vaults in the +Commissariat. The money-lender sent for Peter Johnson and told him that +he had altered his mind, and that the bags and their contents must be +home again that very night. Peter proceeded at once, and stealthily +approaching the vaults, opened the heavy doors with his key, got out the +money, and wheeled it home again, and Mr. Commissary Price slept on in +babe-like innocence. And so did his friend. And so did Mr. Peter +Johnson. And so did the Board of Commissioners. In the morning, Mr. +Price rubbed his hands and dressed himself with scrupulous propriety, +that he might meet his masters in a becoming manner. And the Board of +Commissioners got ready too, and they drove round to Mr. Price's in a +body, and before entering on their duties there was much merriment among +them, and one facetious old gentleman who was always joking and saying +good things, you know, remarked to the others in his delicious way, that +almost every man had a price, but none had a Price like their's, and +then he chuckled and slapped Price on the back, and Price chuckled, and +the Board chuckled, and I have no doubt whatever but that Mr. Peter +Johnson and his master would have chuckled too had they heard it. And +then the party went down to the office and began to overhaul things, and +everything was all right, and the books were found correct. And then a +stupid old member of the Board asked to have the money brought in to be +counted, just to comply with the regulation, not that they doubted +friend Price. "O, no, but an absurd form demanded it," &c., &c. And Mr. +Price was affable and kindly, and said, "O yes, gentlemen, I shall be +quite happy to show you the funds which are all safe in the vault, I +assure you. Saw them myself no later than the other day," &c., &c. And +everyone said that was all right, and the iron doors were unlocked and +swung back! But where was the money? Mr. Price was as pale as death, and +turned to the astonished commission, when he said, "Come, gentlemen, now +a joke is a joke, what have you done with the money?" But Mr. Price +discovered before long that the world was not quite a smile, and he was +marched off to prison, and the facetious old gentleman said to the +gentleman who only wanted the money produced to gratify an absurd whim +of the Government, "Who would have believed it?" And so the Inspectors +walked out, behind Mr. Price, who was placed in durance vile and +suffered as we have seen. + +In 1843 Mr. Oliver Goldsmith, a descendant of the family of the poet, +and a gentleman who wrote poetry too, occasionally, and whose "Rising +Village," a companion piece to "The Deserted Village," was not without +some slight merit, called on Judge Ritchie and told him that he had +received orders from the Government asking for tenders for the old +building on Rocky Hill, and he suggested that he had better tender for +it. The judge did so, and to his great astonishment, his was the only +tender sent, and he got the whole of the property, including the house +and a stone barn which were on it, for £500 sterling, three months after +his tender was accepted. He immediately rented it to Dr. Simon Fitch, +who was beginning practice and who occupied it for a number of years. It +was idle for a while after Dr. Fitch left it, and then Judge Ritchie had +it altered and modernized, and he and Mr. L. J. Almon lived in it. It +was still located high up on the rock. The judge, whose taste for +architecture is well known, often planned the style of building he would +like to put up. In the evenings after reading a while it was no uncommon +thing for him to draw near to a table, and with pencil and paper plan +buildings of infinite variety. It was good employment for the mind, and +less expensive than actual building, and the paper houses could be +altered and improved and altered again at very little cost. One day the +judge planned in earnest, and his ideas took practical shape. He pulled +down the high house, excavated the rock and proceeded to build. In 1853 +he began work and by the month of February, 1854, his building was +pretty well up. He had expended some five thousand pounds on it, and was +about leaving for Fredericton when Mr. L. J. Almon came in and remarked +to him that after he was in Fredericton a week or so he would feel +rather foolish to get word that his building was burned down, and that +there was no insurance on it. This troubled the judge, and he began to +feel quite uncomfortable. He told Mr. Almon to lose no time but go at +once and effect insurance. Mr. Almon put £5,000 on the unfinished +edifice. The judge went to the capital, sat in the Assembly, and in a +few days received intelligence that his building had been burned to the +ground. He returned to St. John at once and began to rebuild. This time +he proceeded with great care, and the chaste and handsome building +destroyed the other day was the result. The first occupants of the +offices were W. H. Tuck, Duff & Almon, Chas. Watters, Geo. Blatch, +Wetmore & Peters, E. B. Peters, St. John Insurance Co., the Electric +Telegraph Co., D. S. Kerr, Chamber of Commerce, Thos. T. Hanford, the +Masonic body and some others. The stores below were not rented for some +time after the building was ready. + +The Society of Free and Accepted Masons, after leaving the Old St. John +Hotel, met for some years in the upper story of the residence of the +late Mr. Marshall, father of Mr. John R. Marshall, Chief of Police. This +house was on the corner of Princess and Sydney Streets. When Judge +Ritchie's building was finished, the Masons rented about half of the top +story, and had it finished and furnished for masonic purposes. They have +occupied these apartments ever since. Up to January, 1868, the various +lodges in the city held their warrants from either of the Grand Lodges +of England, Scotland, or Ireland. In the Province there were twenty-six +lodges, viz: twenty English, three Irish, and three Scotch. When +Confederation came to pass, it was deemed imperative by the leading +masons of the Province to separate from their respective parent Grand +Lodges in the mother country, and form a new Grand Lodge of their own +for New Brunswick. This conclusion was reached only after mature +reflection, and when it was found that the great political changes which +had taken place in the country rendered it necessary. Three Grand Lodges +were already represented in the Province. The Grand Lodge of Nova Scotia +was working, and the Grand Lodge of Canada would be formed soon. Unless +the craft established a Grand Lodge in and for the Province of New +Brunswick, the exercise of masonic jurisdiction by so many governing +authorities would only tend to hopeless confusion and detriment to the +Order. It was a thing which could not be helped. Either an Independent +Grand Lodge of New Brunswick must be formed, or a general Grand Lodge of +Canada would be created, which would have entire jurisdiction all over +Canada. At a preliminary convention of masters, past-masters and +wardens, the subject was fully ventilated, and the motion to form a +Grand Lodge of New Brunswick was carried by a large majority. The office +of Grand Master of the new Grand Lodge, was first offered to R. T. +Clinch, Esq., who was then District Grand Master, under the Grand Master +of the Grand Lodge of England, but he declined the honour on account of +the position which he held. Benjamin Lester Peters, Esq., was then +elected Grand Master by acclamation; William Wedderburn, Esq., Deputy +Grand Master; Hon. W. P. Flewelling, Senior Grand Warden; David Brown, +Junior Grand Warden; Rev. W. Donald, D.D., Grand Chaplain, and Wm. H. A. +Keans, Esq., Grand Treasurer; Mr. W. F. Bunting was made Grand Secretary +at the meeting in January, 1868, and the following officers were +appointed: John Richards, Senior Grand Deacon; Benjamin R. Stevenson, +Junior Grand Deacon; John V. Ellis, Grand Director of Ceremonies; Robert +Marshall, Assistant ditto; Jas. McDougall, Grand Sword Bearer; John +Mullin, Grand Standard Bearer; Henry Card, Grand Organist; James Mullin, +Grand Pursuivant; Edward Willis, S. S. Littlehale, Robt. R. Call, Hugh +A. Mackenzie, Thos. F. Gillespie, John Wallace, Grand Stewards, and John +Boyer, Grand Tyler. Grand Lodge was instituted in January, in the year +of masonry, 5868. The craft has made great progress, and preparations +before the fire were on foot for the erection of a fine new hall in +Germain Street. The greater portion of the stock was subscribed, and +operations were to be begun at an early day. The brethren lost heavily +by the recent fire. All the warrants were destroyed, but these can be +replaced. The private lodges met in several instances with irreparable +losses, and the full set of jewels, which Bro. Oliver Goldsmith several +years ago presented to Albion Lodge, No. 1, was not the least of these. + +In the summer of 1863, the St. John Gymnasium (joint stock) Company +began building the Gymnasium, which was located opposite St. John's +Presbyterian Church, King Street East. Its dimensions were 40 x 100, +three stories front, and the Gymnasium proper was 40 x 80. The cost was +a little over $5,000. The building was heated by steam, well lighted +with gas, and neatly and tastily arranged, containing bath-rooms, +parlours, drawing-rooms, &c. The first president was John W. Cudlip, +Esq. Mr. J. S. Knowles was secretary, and Fred. A. Jones, the lessee and +manager. Mr. M. W. Maher was the builder. A few years ago, the building +was sold to Carson Flood, Esq., dealer in piano-fortes, and was by him +converted into a commodious hall, suitable for dancing parties, +tea-meetings, &c. The Gymnasium caught from the rear of the water-works, +and was soon a heap of ashes. The _Globe_ office in the Globe Building, +Prince William Street, was burning about the same time as the Bank of +New Brunswick, and the proprietors did not save even their fyles. + +The fight with the flames on Reed's Point Wharf, which lasted from three +o'clock in the afternoon until late the next morning, was one of the +most dreadful encounters of the day. A prominent medical man of the +city, who lost the house which he had considered fireproof, was hurrying +away, when he found his services no longer needful, to a place of +safety. All means of exit from the fire were cut off, except one--the +route towards Reed's Point. He hastened in that direction, for he saw in +a moment that soon that avenue would be closed against him. He fled down +Germain Street to St. James's Street, thence along the latter till he +reached the wharf. There he saw an immense crowd of refugees from the +district round about, numbering fully fifteen hundred persons. The men +were very disorderly, and the liquor they had taken was showing its +effect. There was fighting, and quarrelling and swearing. The roughest +element of the city was here. A long row of barrels containing kerosene +oil or petroleum lay upon the wharf, and the sparks from burning +buildings near by came whirling along in dangerous proximity to the +barrels. The danger was growing more and more near. Should these barrels +ignite and explode, a hundred lives at least must perish. No time must +be lost. Water must be carried up to the barrels and the fire kept off. +An attempt was made to roll some of them over the wharf into the +harbour, but they were too heavy, and the fire was leaping in great +strides towards them. The doctor shouted himself hoarse trying to induce +the crowd to help him, but he was answered with either a be-sotted stare +or a vulgar oath. He kept on running to the water, filling his pail, and +dashing it on the barrels till his arms ached. Once he got a response +from some rough men on the wharf, and a bargain was made with three of +them. He offered them all the money he had--three dollars,--if they +would come and help keep the fire away from the deadly oil. But the +assistance was of short duration, and after working for about twenty +minutes the fellows gave up, and would work no more. Still, nothing +daunted, the doctor toiled on. He had all the women put on board the +International Line steamer, through the kindness of Captain Chisholm, +who was busily employed on the other end of the wharf in beating back +the flames which were massing there, and then with a will he continued +his self-imposed labour. None but he seemed to realize their danger. +Maddened by drink and worry, and perhaps driven to desperation by the +havoc the fire was making, they did not appear to take in the deadly +peril in which every one on that wharf stood. The crowd stood about +idling away, smoking, drinking, talking, jeering, and quarrelling. A +lithe young fellow of twenty sat dangling his legs over the wharf and +smoking a cigar, when the doctor called on him to come down and give him +a hand. He returned a careless reply, and in a sneering tone asked how +much he would get if he gave his help. The doctor grew maddened at this, +and turning on him in a moment, cried out, "I am an old man; I have lost +all that I was worth, and have nothing left. I have been watching you +for an hour, doing nothing while I was working; and as you won't come +for asking, I'll make you come down here and carry water if I have to +drag you to the very water's edge." So, saying he pulled the young man +down, grasped him by the neck, ran him to the water, and giving him a +pail set him to work filling it while he carried it to the barrels +himself. The lesson was a salutary one, and the unwilling assistant will +probably never forget it. He had some manhood left in him after all +though, for he worked well and hard, and after a time he apologized to +the doctor and said he was sorry for having spoken as he did. It was +some hours after this episode, that the doctor hailed a passing +tug-boat, and the captain learning what was wanted, ran his little +steamer alongside the wharf and got ready his hose. In a few minutes the +wharf was deluged with water and the great danger was averted. It was +this hose and the well directed efforts of the doctor which saved the +wharf and the lives of many people. It is a matter of regret that the +name of the captain of the tug could not be got as he deserves well of +the country, and should make himself known that he may receive something +more tangible than thanks. Hemmed in by the streets of flame to the +right and left of them and directly in their front, from fifteen hundred +to two thousand persons were imprisoned on the wharf from three o'clock +in the afternoon till four the next morning, when the fire had gone +down, and one of the loveliest mornings of the year dawned on the +stricken city. + +One of the prettiest sights was to be seen from the head of King Street, +looking down in the direction of the market slip. When the schooners +therein had caught, the flames mounted the masts and communicating with +one another formed a complete bridge of fire from the north wharf to the +south. It was like a gala-day celebration of fire-works on a large +scale. + + + LIST OF VESSELS TOTALLY BURNED. + + + SCHOONERS. + + 1. Schooner "Angie Russell"; 25 tons; Boylan; Canning, N.S., was + discharging cargo of fish; owned by Captain. + + 2. Schooner "Brill"; 74 tons; St. John, N.B., had discharged part + of cargo and was going to Fredericton with balance; owned by + McSherry's Insolvent Estate. + + 3. Schooner "Brilliant"; 18 tons; Patch; Campobello; light cargo. + + 4. Schooner "Bear River"; 37 tons; Winchester; Bear River, N.S., + outward bound with cargo; owned by Captain. + + 5. Schooner "Ella P."; 23 tons; Thurber; Barrington, N.S., fish. + + 6. Schooner "Eliza Jane"; 27 tons; Bent; Bayshore, N.S.; salt. + + 7. Schooner "L. L. Wadsworth"; 12 tons; Brown; Westport, N.S.; + owned by Captain; fish. + + 8. Schooner "Lily"; 8 tons; Israel; Weymouth, N.S.; outward bound; + owned by Captain. + + 9. Schooner "Martha Rowan"; 25 tons; Peters; Westport, N.S.; fish. + + 10. Schooner "Parrot"; 27 tons; Hutton; St. George, N.B.; owned by + Captain. + + 11. Schooner "Star"; 13 tons; Benson; Westport; fish. + + + WOOD-BOATS. + + "Burnett," 46 tons, Captain Reed; "Linda," 26 tons; "President," 46 + tons, Captain Orchard; and "Messenger," 33 tons. + + Four lime scows laden with lime, two owned by Mr. Raynes, of + Fairville; two owned by Mr. Joseph Armstrong, of Greenhead. + + + CASUALTIES. + + Schooner "Justice," Westport, hauled out of slip badly burned. + + Schooner "George Calhoun," lying in Walker's slip, mainmast burned, + hauled out without further damage. + +On board the ferry-boat between three and four o'clock in the afternoon, +the appearance of the city burning in four places at once, was a grand +as well as an awful sight. The passengers gathered together and wore +very anxious looks, when it seemed for a time to be the intention of +the captain not to land. The houses and stores of many who were on board +were in danger, and all wanted to be at the fire. From the water it +appeared to be levelling houses to the ground at the rate of one a +minute, and the frightful ratio seemed never to slacken its speed. The +ships lying near the wharves moved out into the harbour, and some sailed +far down the bay. The path of the ferry-boat was crossed more than once +by vessels which had succeeded in getting away in safety, and collisions +now and then were threatened; but fortunately none occurred. At length, +to the relief of all on board, the boat succeeded in getting safely to +her landing-place, and a grand rush was made up the floats for the head +of Princess Street. + +Perhaps one of the best and first specimens of enterprise which occurred +on the night of the fire was that which was displayed by the chief +officers of the Western Union Telegraph Company. The office was burned +down, and only the books and some of the instruments were saved. The +Fairville wire would not work, and no means of sending abroad +intelligence of the ruin of the doomed city remained. It was fully +eleven o'clock when R. T. Clinch, Esq., the superintendent of the +company, Mr. Thos. Robinson, the manager, Mr. Dawson, Mr. Black and +other gentlemen connected with the company, met the writer of these +pages on Germain Street. The fire was still raging, though not at all +fiercely in the lower part of the city. The party went down to the +railway station, and we give an illustration of the building so that +the reader may see the temporary Western Union Telegraph Office during +the first few days of the fire, and after a little while a wire was put +in working order. The first and only dispatch which left the city that +night, and which on Thursday morning was read all over Canada, and in +the United States, was sent forward, and each page was telegraphed as +rapidly as it was written. In the morning the office was ready to +receive and deliver messages, and those who stood by the counter, and +every day watched the enormous crowd of people all anxious to be served +first, can realize how hard the operators had to work in order to meet +the requirements of the citizens. At one time there were between five +and six hundred messages on the operator's table, and the sender might +consider himself fortunate if his telegram got off three hours after it +was written. Some miscreants in some instances cut the wires a few days +after the fire, and the company had to send out twenty-five or thirty +patrol men to look after them. Mr. Clinch lost no time in getting +suitable quarters for the patrons of the company, and in a week he had a +comfortable office, working finely, in the Market House. He began work +at once on the new building which the company intend putting up, and in +six months the new telegraph office will be ready for occupancy on its +old site at the foot of King Street. + +[Illustration: THE TEMPORARY W. U. TEL. OFFICE.] + + + + +CHAPTER XII. + + A Thrilling Incident--The Burning House--The Tall Figure in the + Hall--Escape cut off--The only Way Out--The Street of Fire-- + Walking on Coals--The Open Boat--The way to the Wharf--Terrible + Suffering--The Awful Death in the Street--Worn Out--The Escape + --Saved--The Firemen--How they Fought the Flames. + + +In olden times men who had performed deeds of bravery on the +battle-field were canonized as saints, and those who had shown daring in +other ways were revered as gods. There is a fascination about the +stories which come down to us through the long centuries of time, and +from the middle ages, and we are accustomed, almost from the cradle, to +revere the names of the great ones who have filled the world with the +splendour of their exploits in the defence of cities and the protection +of fair ladies. In the nursery we learn to lisp the names of stalwart +knights and doughty warriors, and the great deeds which they performed, +ages and ages ago, live again in the memory of all mankind. And it is +well that it should be so. It is well that the splendid actions of the +world's great men should be remembered for all time. Who is there who +does not feel the blood mantling his cheek when he thinks of a Clive and +of a Marlborough? Who can think of a Napier and a Wellington, and not +experience for a time a thousand emotions coursing and careering madly +through his breast? And Robert Bruce on his little palfrey giving battle +to the last of one of England's proudest and sternest knights, in full +view of Stirling Castle, the day before the great battle was fought, is +a story which every Scottish lad is taught before he is old enough to +read. And the lives of such men as Bonaparte, Turenne, Wolfe, the Great +Frederic, Von Moltke, and a hundred others, are undying records in the +histories of nations, the memory of whose deeds shall last when time +shall be no more. + +In a young country like ours, whose territory has not often felt the +hostile tread of invading armies, and whose broad acres are almost +wholly unstained with the blood of battles, the heroes we have developed +have earned their reputation in another and nobler way. Halifax has had +her England, whose name will be remembered as long as ships sail the +seas; and in St. John, we have long learned to bless the name of a hero +in humble life, honest Tom Sloven. And now from the ashes of the fire +two names arise, which in after years, when their owners shall have +passed away, will live in the hearts of the people, and leave there an +imperishable record. We applaud success, and oftentimes let honest +effort and endeavour go unrewarded. We worship the rising sun, and when +a man works hard to achieve a certain success and fails, we are apt to +pass him by. And though the object, in the instance which we are about +to relate, was not successful in the end, let us never forget the deed +which was attempted at the imminent risk of the lives of the chief +actors. When the story of the fire is told at firesides in the years to +come, generations now unborn will listen with blanched cheeks and +curdling blood, to the great incident in the conflagration, when a +woman perished by the roadside, and two men escaped a dreadful death. + +Mr. John E. Turnbull's sash factory, in Main Street, despite all +exertions, caught so quickly that the workmen narrowly escaped from the +ruins with their lives. Mr. Turnbull crossed the street to his +residence, which, like many others on that eventful day, he considered +impregnable. He had worked long at the factory, and had stored in his +house a large quantity of belting and tools of his workshop. He had +carefully gathered up everything of an inflammable character, and had +swept the yard clean, so that nothing could ignite and spread around the +fire, that but too readily devoured everything in its way. A vigorous +defence was inaugurated to save the house. Mr. Turnbull had good +assistants. His sons were there, working like beavers, and Mr. Walker +Frink in his department, stayed the flames for a long time. The +neighbours, believing like Mr. Turnbull, that nothing could harm this +house, had piled large quantities of furniture against its front, these +were lying before the windows of the cellar, and after a while took +fire. Mrs. Turnbull fearing that the house might after all be burned, +and at the request of her husband, made her escape by the back window, +and had to be lifted over the fence. It was well that she did go, for in +a few moments the house was threatened from a dozen quarters. The fence +in the rear was crackling, and Mr. Turnbull went down into the cellar +and began to shove off the blazing furniture from the windows. He worked +away at this for some time, never dreaming that the fire was so near +him, or that escape would soon be cut off. He had lost his hearing some +years before, and did not hear the roar of the fire nor feel its +approach. His son James was up-stairs battling with the fire, and Mr. +Frink was on the roof. James Turnbull, realizing in an instant the +condition of his father and his infirmity, and knowing well the +determined character of his nature, was about to rush into the cellar +and tell him how near the fire was, when he turned and beheld a dark +shadow in the doorway. It was coming towards him, and for a moment +struck terror into his soul. The tall figure of a woman, deeply robed in +black, holding up a long train in her hand, and with head-dress all +aflame, stood before him in the hall. He advanced towards her, as soon +as he could recover himself, and at once tore off the burning head-dress +and stamped it with his foot. He then brushed the kindling sparks from +her dress. She seemed demented and unable to understand the nature of +these proceedings. Indeed she remonstrated with him, and begged him not +to destroy her bonnet. _The fire had crazed her brain_, and after +escaping from her house she had wandered into Mr. Turnbull's blazing +residence, unheedful of the terrible burns she had received, and +notwithstanding that she was on fire herself in several places. James, +realizing the state of affairs at once, coaxed her to go with him to the +cellar to see his father, but she hung back and implored him to leave +her there. He was forced to drag her unwillingly along, and together +they both arrived at the place where the father was still labouring to +extinguish the fire that was coming from all sides. He knew nothing of +the great headway that had been made upstairs, and had not even begun to +realize the danger of his situation below. As soon as he saw the lady he +told his son to go and fetch a mat and throw it over her, and he would +be with them in a few minutes. This was done, but as often as this mat +was wrapped around her, it was thrown off again. Some moments passed, +and Mr. Turnbull finding that he could do no more, resolved to leave the +house. He and his son and the lady went upstairs where a sight that +would have appalled a heart of stone met his eyes. All hope of escape +through the alley in the rear was cut off. The house was on fire in the +back. The flames were melting the roof in a dozen places. On either side +the blaze was at its height, and not a moment was to be lost. Escape lay +in one direction only, and that was hazardous in the extreme. _They must +face the fire and escape by the front door_, or perish where they stood. +The position they were in was trying, but fortunately for them their +nerves were strong, and they were cool and collected. And now they began +preparing for the struggle. The warrior formerly buckled on his armour +of steel before venturing on the fray, but the armour of the +fire-fighters consisted of old coats and wet clothes. A coat was +fastened around the lady, who was still unknown to Mr. Turnbull, and her +head was covered. His son James enveloped in the same way, stood by her +side. Mr. Turnbull tied a wet handkerchief across his mouth, and after +putting a coat over his head, they began the memorable race for life. +James seized the lady, lifted her on his shoulders and followed his +father out of the door. She was heavy, very tall, and had passed in age +the allotted three score and ten. In addition to this, she was unwilling +to leave the house, and twice she had to be dragged away by main force +from the sofa. In no instance did she seem to comprehend what was being +done or how great her peril was. She was more concerned about her +parasol and head-dress than she appeared to be about her own personal +safety. James seemed endowed with superior strength, and he seized his +burden with a sort of death grip from which despite her struggles, she +could not escape. She afterwards became calmer, and while she made no +attempt to get off his back, he had her full dead weight to carry. The +three stepped into the street and walked into the furnace. The heat was +intense, and holding down their heads they hurried along. They ran over +blazing coals, and hands and feet burned to the very bone. They had not +proceeded twenty-five yards from the house, which was situate near the +corner of Main and Sydney Streets when they came upon a boat, thirty +feet long, which was lying directly across their path on its side. They +could not pass by the inside and had to go around by the bow. They were +hastening along to Charlotte Street, and intended going down that street +to the Ballast Wharf, and when the worst came the intention was to leap +into the sea. But the lady grew very violent just as the boat was passed +a few feet, and refused to go any further. She straightened herself up, +and slipping from James's shoulders, fell prone upon the ground. In +vain she was reasoned with, in vain she was asked to make an effort, in +vain she was appealed to, she would not move, but lay on her back +helplessly, saying, "O leave me alone, leave me here, I'm very, very +comfortable." The great fire, like a whirlwind, brushed against the +exposed flesh of the three human beings, and wore it to the bone. It was +like some invisible fiend. Before them they saw no flames, but a dead +white heat that was all the more terrible because it could not be seen. +Every time the covering was removed from their heads as they sought to +look out and see where they were going, this intense, imperceptible heat +burned their very eyeballs. The trees alongside were grasped by this +unseen power, and their trunks were twisted and turned in its cobra-like +embrace. Every thing in the road seemed charged with an element that +appeared to draw the flames on. Though Main Street is one hundred and +five feet wide, and the fire was for the most part confined to the +houses on the side of the road, a cat could not run the gauntlet that +night, and live. No one can realize the awful power of the heat, which +the Messrs. Turnbull and the lady they were striving to save experienced +on that thrilling march through the melting valley, without having +passed through a similar experience. It was a trial that can never be +blotted from their memories. + +So much time was lost in trying to induce their charge to continue on +with them, that their chance of escape by Charlotte Street was cut off, +and the only hope that remained now, was to return by the terrible +route they had come. The battle had to be fought over again. The race +back had to be run once more. The boat must be crossed again, they must +go nearly two blocks forward, or die in their tracks. The street was +full of smoke now, and flying embers alighted on their shoulders and +burned their clothes, and the wild heat and the scorching flames were +madly tearing through to their faces. Their charge remained as helpless +as before, and there was something pitiable in her beseeching cries, +that almost tempted them to accede to her request and leave her there in +the street. But not a moment must now be lost, the fire-king was +trampling down all before him. The two men seized her. She struggled and +would not move. They dragged her to the boat, and she fell from their +now powerless arms. Weakened by the fire, and sick at heart at their ill +success, they could do no more, and could scarcely resist themselves the +desire to stay there by the upturned boat, and yield their lives back to +Him who gave them. The old lady fell back, and died with a smile upon +her lips. The men, too weak to carry her further, placed her close by +the boat, and shouted loudly for help. But the streets were bare of +people, and no sound could be heard but their own voices rising above +the crackling of the flames. They ran over the lava-like street, +stopping every now and then to catch breath. On, on they sped, the +youthful spirit of the one being roused when it lagged, by the inspiring +words of the wiry and vigorous elder. It was a terrible journey, fraught +by direful dangers on every side. Each foot of the way was gained by a +struggle, every yard was won by a battle. It was not until Carmarthen +Street was reached, that father and son could realize that they were +saved. They removed the covering from their heads, and looked back at +the road they had passed. A moment more in that fire would have been +their last. A figure was coming towards them, as they, arm in arm, +almost reeled up Carmarthen Street, and it proved to be the brother of +the woman Mr. Turnbull and his boy had tried to rescue. He was told that +his sister was left by the boat dead, and that no earthly power could +have saved her. One can imagine his agony when he learned these tidings. +The old lady proved to be Mrs. Reed, mother of Mr. T. M. Reed, a former +mayor of the city. At three o'clock the next morning, Mr. Turnbull went +back to Main Street, and on coming up to the unburned portion of the +boat, found close by it, the remains of Mrs. Reed. Mrs. Reed lost in the +fire two sisters--the Misses Clark, one of whom, it is thought, was +burned in her house, on the corner of Sydney and Main Streets. These +three ladies were highly respected and loved by all who knew them, and +their afflicted relatives meet with the sympathy of all. + +Mr. Turnbull's loss is very heavy and foots up fully twenty-five +thousand dollars. He lost absolutely everything he possessed, and the +deeds and bank-notes which he had in his safe were all burned. He does +not despair now of being able to retrieve himself in some way. He was +the first man to erect a wooden shanty and send a flag flying from its +summit. + +A large number of persons escaped from the resistless and giant-striding +flames by means of rafts and small boats. Others got a friendly sail to +Partridge Island in the tugs and steamers which approached the wharves +whenever it was safe to do so. Many of those who were on Reed's Point +Wharf and the Ballast Wharf got away in this manner. + +The contingent of firemen from Portland worked with a will, and did much +to check the flames--as much, indeed, as mortal man could do in a fire +like this, with a high wind blowing a perfect gale all the time. The +city firemen performed, with their brethren of the adjacent town, signal +service. They drew lines round the burning buildings and tried again and +again to confine the fire to one place, and prevent its spread. But the +effort was futile. The flames broke down the lines, rose up in a hundred +new places, and drove the firemen and their engines away from the spot. +Some splendid work was performed in the vicinity of King Street East, +and down towards Pitt. Here they were partly successful, and did all +that could be done under the circumstances. Many of them are heavy +losers, having lost everything they had in their own houses, while they +were engaged in trying to save those of others. In a fire which never +ceased to rage at its height until it came to the water's brink, and +which poured an unceasing stream of flame for nine steady hours, and +which burned in fifteen sections of the city at once, it was a +difficult matter for them with only four engines, to do anything like +stopping the conflagration until it had spent itself, no matter how +efficient and perfect the organization might be. No one expected the +firemen to accomplish anything. There was something in the air which +seemed to breed a sort of contagion, and the fire paralyzed buildings in +a moment, and no one could tell how they caught. The fire struck men +down where they were standing, and an invisible heat bore to the earth +the trees on the sideways. + + + + +CHAPTER XIII. + + A Chapter of Incidents--Agony on Board--Coming Up the Harbour + --The Story of the Moths--The Newly Married Lady's Story--No + Flour--Moving Out--Saving the Drugs--The Man with the + Corn-Plasters--Incendiarism--Scenes--Thievery--The Newspapers + --Enterprise--Blowing Down the Walls--An Act of Bravery--The + Fatal Blast--Danger and Death in the Walls--Accidents--The Fire + and the Churches--The Ministers. + + +As the "Empress" was steaming up the harbour, from Digby, on the night +of the fire, the passengers on board, many of whom belonged to St. John, +beheld the city in flames. Some of them even saw from the water their +own residences on fire, and witnessed the alarming rapidity of the +flames and the almost powerless efforts of the people to stay their +ravages. One can imagine the feelings of those passengers who had left +children at home, and who now began to experience the greatest anguish +and suffering. What made the matter worse was, that some time had to +elapse before the captain could venture to approach his wharf, and this +added largely to the bitterness of the fathers and mothers on board. A +mother who had left a little one in the city, while absent on a journey +to Nova Scotia, told the writer that the agony she endured while making +the approach to the city completely deadened and prostrated her. She +grew perfectly helpless, and for a time nothing could rouse her from the +seeming state of insensibility under which she sank. Those were +terrible moments of suffering--awful moments of uncertainty. + +Among the curious incidents of the fire which are constantly coming to +the surface, is the rather good story which is told of one of our +neatest housekeepers. Her house is noted for its spotlessness, and some +who profess to know, say that such a thing as a spider's web could not +be seen about the premises, even in the cellar or wood-shed. The lady +has a natural abhorrence of those pests, the moths which _will_ get into +our furs sometimes and defy all the camphor and snuff in existence to +keep them out. One day, about six months ago, some handsome newly +upholstered chairs were purchased, and duly placed in the parlour. In a +week a moth was found in one of the new chairs, and there was much +consternation thereat. The rest of the furniture was examined carefully, +and the offending chair was sent to the upholsterer for his examination. +The result proved to the lady's satisfaction that she was right, and +that the flock which had been put into the chair with the hair had +caused all the mischief. The whole set was sent back to the +furniture-man, and he was ordered to take the flock out. He returned +them after a time, but in less than a week the persevering house-keeper +succeeded in finding moths in every one of the chairs. She sent them to +another upholsterer this time, and was awaiting their return when the +fire occurred, and they were burned up, moths and all, while her own +house was untouched. + +A newly-married lady fearing the fire would reach her dwelling, +succeeded in hiring a team, and putting into it her best furniture, +bedding, husband's clothes, and all her silver, sent them up to her +mother's house at about four o'clock in the afternoon. At six o'clock +her mother's residence was burned down, and with it all that was in it, +while her own house was about half a mile from the vicinity of the fire. +The lady was quite annoyed when the folks came in for a night's lodging +that night, shortly after tea was over. + +Considerable consternation prevailed among the people when it was known +that nearly all the flour in town had been burned. The estimated loss +was considered to be about fifty or sixty thousand barrels. One man is +said to have hurried out and paid $18 for a barrel, while there were +several persons who paid twenty cents a loaf for bread. + +A good many people who feared the fire was coming their way moved out, +and put their furniture, etc., in the street, and watched it till after +midnight, when the expected flames not arriving, they marched the +effects back again. The goods were almost as much damaged as if they had +remained in the fire. Large quantities of material were lost in this +way, and a lady saved an old pewter-box which once contained her +husband's sleeve-buttons and studs, while she wrapped the latter up in a +bag and never saw them again. + +Quite a number of cases of petty thieving occurred. A drug store, +shortly before the fire came to it, was filled with a gang of roughs and +pickpockets, who insisted on helping the proprietor to save a few +things. They were saving them with a vengeance; opening every box and +package that came in their way, and taking a dip out of each. One young +man, whose face bore the picture of health, had managed to save, when +detected, enough Blood Mixture to cure the scrofula in his family for +the next fifteen years. Boys, who should have stolen soap, were going in +for that excellent capillary restorer, Mrs. Allen's Zylobalsamum, and a +man, hobbling along with a wooden leg, was filling his pockets with +bunion and corn plasters. The boxes had a neat look, and he thought he +would see the next day what the contents were good for. Everyone wanted +to help, and one could not but admire the zeal with which these gentry +emptied drawers and boxes on the floor, and scrambled for the contents. +One young gentleman in his anxiety to save a mirror-stand, which +certainly could never be of any use to him, cut it in two and hastened +away, leaving a drawer full of toothpicks, and a bottle of rat poison +behind him, which he might have had just as well as not. A citizen, who +said he felt dry after working so hard all day, regaled himself with a +pint bottle of Ipecacuanha wine, and left immediately after it was down, +to see how the fire was getting along in another place. One can never +forget these little acts of kindness. It is the performance of deeds +like these which exalts a nation, and makes us feel that the world is +not altogether a fleeting show or a snare. + +The cry of incendiarism was raised during the first days of the fire, +and a good deal of alarm prevailed. Special constables patrolled the +city, volunteer soldiers were placed on guard, and the policemen were +ordered to be vigilant. Several arrests were made; but the greater +portion of these were unnecessary, and, in nearly all cases, the persons +arrested turned out to be noisy, drunken men, whose actions were +misinterpreted by the officers. Some cases of incendiarism did really +occur, however, and it was just as well that the city should be guarded, +and the rougher element closely looked after. There is no doubt but that +the fire at half-past two in the morning, in J. and T. Robinson's brick +building, York Point Slip, was caused by the torch of the incendiary; +and on Monday afternoon, a man was actually caught in the act of setting +fire to Mrs. David Tapley's house in Indian-town. A good deal of talk +about lynching was indulged in, but no one was lynched, though rumours +came thick and fast, that one man had been shot, another hanged, and any +number of people, according to the fertility of the narrator's +imagination, were thrown into the sea. Drunkenness was rampant, and all +saw how necessary it was that this evil should be stopped short. The +licenses to the sellers could not be taken away, and it was optional +with them whether they would listen to the appeals of the citizens or +not. A committee, at a meeting of the people was appointed to ask the +bar-tenders to close their bars for one week. To the credit of these +gentlemen, be it said, they acceded to the request at once, and the +bars were closed. This had a salutary effect on the morals of the +community. + +For days after the fire, stolen goods were being constantly recovered by +the police and special constables. Large quantities were found concealed +in houses situate a little distance away from the city, while even in +the city limits, the officers met with a good deal of success in tracing +articles that had been surreptitiously carried off. Some outward-bound +schooners arrived at their places of destination along the New Brunswick +and Nova Scotia coasts, laden with spoils from the fire, but in most +cases these were got back. + +H. M. S. Argus arrived from Halifax with the Marine Artillery and some +soldiers. A number of the sailors did patrol duty in Carleton, and the +artillery spent several days blowing down the walls of the buildings, +and doing other work entrusted to their care. A number of soldiers of +the 97th Regiment also arrived from Halifax, and these together with a +company of the 62nd Battalion of volunteers, and some men of the +volunteer artillery under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Foster, the +senior Lieutenant-Colonel of the Dominion, performed guard and other +duty until the 6th of July, when the volunteers were disbanded, and the +regulars were continued for a time. The men behaved excellently and did +good service. They were all encamped in King's Square. + +[Illustration: KING SQUARE AFTER THE FIRE, ENCAMPMENT OF THE 97TH +REGIMENT.] + +The U.S. Revenue Cutter "Gallatin" made two trips from Boston laden with +supplies from the generous people there, for the relief of the sufferers +by the fire. + +With commendable enterprise, many of the merchants who were burned out, +and could not secure premises in which to carry on their business, by +permission of the authorities, erected shanties on King and Market +Squares, which they promise to pull down before the first of May, 1878. +The city now looks quite primitive. Turn where you will, shanties of +various sizes and styles meet the eye. + +Some very good work was done at the ferry floats by the employes of the +boat. Through their exertions the fire was kept away for a considerable +time from the handsome new Magee Block, which stood on the corner of +Water and Princess Streets. This building will be put up again at once. + +The newspaper men were heavy losers, but nothing daunted, they went to +work at once and lost no time. The _Telegraph_, through the courtesy of +Mr. George W. Day, printer, was out on the very morning after the fire, +with a smaller, but very spicy and interesting little sheet. The +_Telegraph_ proprietor and editor, Mr. Elder, did not save even his +fyles. The _Globe_ also did not lose an issue, and on Thursday evening +it was as bright and attractive as usual, and contained an excellent +account of the fire. The _Daily News_ lost its issue on Thursday, but on +Sunday, the proprietors, Messrs. Willis & Mott, issued a very +interesting paper, and so made up for what it lost on Thursday. The +resume of the work of spoliation in this number of the _News_ was very +graphic. The _Freeman_[R] did not issue a paper. The three principal +papers immediately set to work buying type, paper, and presses, and in a +fortnight after the fire, the _News_ was issued full size from a new +press on the site of its old office. The _Globe_ and _Telegraph_ +followed with new presses, &c., a day or two after. The _News_ and +_Globe_ were issued after the fire for a few days from the _Weekly +Herald_ office, Germain Street. + +At the blowing down of the walls of the Post Office, an act of valour +was performed by some men belonging to the volunteer Battery of +Artillery, which deserves prominent mention. Major Cunard, Captain A. J. +Armstrong, and Lieutenants Inch and Ewing, together with a detachment of +the Brigade of New Brunswick Artillery, under the command of +Lieutenant-Colonel S. K. Foster, marched to Prince William Street, and +proceeded to blow down the walls of the Post Office. Sentries were +posted all round a circle of nearly two hundred yards, and everything +being in readiness the work was begun. Two bags of powder were placed +against the building with the length of spouting which would contain the +port fire fuse that was to connect with the powder. Two charges went off +and the effect on the walls was slight. The men thought of the +expediency of placing a charge against the inside as well as one on the +outside of the building. The trains were laid and the fuses lit, but +some loose powder igniting in a moment with the train, it exploded with +a deafening crash before the men could get away, and half of the wall +facing Prince William Street, came down as if a thunder-bolt had struck +it. Gunner John Nixon, of No. 2 Battery, was covered with the debris, +but escaped uninjured, save a few scratches on the arm and a cut or two. +Gunner Walter Lamb, of No. 10 Battery, was stricken down and every one +deemed him dead, the smoke and debris completely hiding him. The second +70lb blast was still burning and was momentarily expected to go off, +when Lamb's hand was observed to rise over his head and touch his cap. +In a moment five men, unmindful of the terrible fate which threatened +them, rushed in and bravely dragged from the mass of ruins, their fallen +comrade. He was borne away just as the second charge went off with a +roar, carrying away at a bound the remainder of the wall. Stones and +bricks flew in every direction and John Anderson, who was standing in +Germain Street, but whose presence there was unknown, fell badly +wounded. He was conveyed to the hospital and died in a few days. The +names of the five artillery men who behaved so bravely are, Lieutenant +Inch, No. 10; Lieutenant Wm. King, No. 10; Corporal J. R. Andrews, No. +3; Corporal Anderson, No. 1; and Gunner R. McJunkin, No. 10. Captain +Ring, of Carleton Battery, was standing within three paces of Gunner +Lamb when he fell. His escape was certainly miraculous. + +The pulling down of the walls has been attended by a good many +accidents, some of them terminating seriously. A week after the fire +some men were engaged in taking down the walls of the building in Dock +Street, belonging to the Johnston estate. Two men were cleaning out the +foundation at the same time. The wall trembled in the breeze, and the +men looking up fled for their lives. One of them, James Wilkins +escaped, but Thomas Sullivan was caught by the pile of bricks and his +head was badly cut and his limbs bruised. A day or so after this +accident, another one occurred which ended fatally. Some workmen were +removing the rubbish from a building, when a wall that enclosed a vault +of some seven or eight feet in height fell, and George Gallagher was +buried in the ruins. He was taken to the Hospital (Dr. E. B. C. +Hanington, resident physician), and it was found that his spine was +broken, his thigh fractured, and he had sustained serious injuries +internally. He died in a few hours. + +The Sunday after the fire, the ministers referred in their sermons to +the very general conflagration, and its lessons. At St. Paul's Church, +in the morning, Rev. Mr. De Veber preached. In the afternoon, the Rev. +Mr. Mather, and in the evening, Rev. Mr. Brigstocke, of Trinity, +officiated. Rev. Mr. Windeyer preached both morning and evening in his +church, the Reformed Episcopal. Rev. S. P. Fay, a Bangor clergyman, +preached in the Union Street Congregational Church, morning and evening. +Rev. James Bennet preached in St. John's Presbyterian in the morning, +and Rev. A. McL. Stavely in the afternoon. Rev. Dr. D. Maclise, in the +morning preached in Calvin Church; and in the evening, Rev. Mr. +Mitchell, of St. Andrew's Kirk, preached. The Exmouth Street Church held +three services, Rev. Mr. Duke in the morning, Rev. Howard Sprague in the +afternoon, and in the evening Revs. Messrs. Hartt and Sprague addressed +the congregation. Rev. Mr. Fowler preached in Carleton Presbyterian +Church in the morning, and there was no service in the evening. The +Baptist pulpit was occupied by Rev. Mr. Hickson, the pastor, both +morning and evening. Rev. Theodore Dowling preached in St. George's +Church. At the Free Christian Church, Rev. George Hartley preached in +the afternoon. At the Portland Baptist Church, Rev. Mr. McLellan, the +pastor, preached morning and evening. The Portland Methodist Church had +Rev. Mr. Barrett in the morning, and Rev. Mr. Teed in the evening. St. +Luke's, Portland, had sermons from Rev. Mr. Almon, the rector. Brussels +Street Church had Rev. Mr. Alexander. At the Roman Catholic Cathedral, +at nine o'clock mass, Bishop Sweeny addressed the congregation, and at +eleven, Bishop Power, of Newfoundland, preached. Rev. Mr. Wills +delivered a sermon at the Unitarian Hall; and in the St. Stephen +Presbyterian Church, Rev. D. Macrae preached in the morning, and the +Rev. Mr. Donald, of Port Hope, in the evening.[S] + +Thirty-nine orphans were kindly taken care of by Mr. R. B. Graham, the +visiting agent of the Baldwin Place Home for Little Wanderers, who +carried them to Boston, Massachusetts. + +Some months ago a clever poem in several books, entitled "On the Hills," +from the pen of a Nova Scotia lady of excellent reputation as a writer, +Mrs. Morton, _née_ Irene S. Elder, was placed in the hands of Wm. Elder, +Esq., of the St. John's _Daily Telegraph_, to read. On the day of the +fire, he put this manuscript in his safe, for protection. When the safe +was opened, the manuscript was found quite legible. The scene of the +poem is laid in our sister province, and it is said to contain some +genuine touches of true poetry. + +_Apropos_ of manuscripts, it may be said that Prof. Wm. Lyall, of +Halifax, lost a very valuable treatise "On the Emotions," which was +burned in Mr. Stewart's safe, King street. Mr. W. P. Dole lost all his +sonnets, and his late paper "On Definitions," upon which he had expended +a good deal of time. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[R] The _Freeman_ will be issued shortly as a daily. + +[S] Rev. Geo. M. Armstrong preached in Stone Church, (built +1824) and on the Sabbath following the Bishop of Fredericton preached in +the same church. + + + + +CHAPTER XIV. + + "I went againe to the ruines, for it was no longer a Citty"--the + Drive by Moonlight--Through the Ruins--After the Fire--A City of + Ashes--The Buried Silver--The Sentinel Chimneys--The Home of + Luxuriance--A Recollection--The Moon and the Church--Back Again. + + +Shelley's white-orbed maiden sits in the sky, and already her pale torch +is silvering the peaks of the ruins. Let us take a carriage, and drive +round the desolate city, slowly and softly, and view the giant wreck +which the fire has made. There is no better time than the present. The +moon is up, and quietness reigns. It is as light as day. We will drive +first to the barrack-ground, and look up the long hills. Three days have +passed, and the first excitement is now over. A thousand weary pilgrims +have made the journey to this desert of desolation a hundred times since +the fire, and vainly dug on the site where their homes once were, for +relics, or perhaps something more. Why, look there! it is past midnight, +and those three men you see working by that blackened wall, seem so +wrapped up in their occupation, that they scarcely speak to one another, +or note the presence of any one but themselves. See, they are carrying +away the still hot bricks, and throwing into the street bits of iron and +charred wood. Look, watch them for a moment--witness how they-- + + "Dig, dig, dig, amid earth, and mortar, and stone, + And dig, dig, dig, among ruins overthrown; + Spade, and basket, and pick, the toiling Arabs ply." + +How monotonous the work appears, and how strangely weird everything +looks. To speak now, and hail these men, would break the charm--would +interrupt the gaunt and gloomy silence of the place. But the presence of +these excavators, at such an hour as this, arouses our curiosity. We +know that the standard authorities tell us, that no matter how deeply +men may dig for the pirate's buried treasure, if any one speaks during +the performance of the work, the spell becomes broken, the enchantment +passes away, and the iron box of doubloons vanishes. We have no means of +disputing this, and wouldn't if we could. We have no desire to attempt +to prove the contrary, but rather incline to the belief that the +authorities are right, for we have it on the word of a gentleman who +once owned a mineral rod, and whose word is undoubted, that a certain +Miss Pitts, who was engaged all her life in digging about the gardens of +her neighbours, and who never found anything up to the day of her death, +confessed to him during her last illness, that her tongue had spoiled +all. Had she but kept quiet when her spade struck the iron-box, all +would have been well. But her joy was so great at the sight of the +treasure, that she couldn't contain herself longer, and giving utterance +to her feelings she spoke, and the box of course, immediately sank. The +truth of this narrative can be established by excellent witnesses, and +Miss Pitts, whatever her other faults might be, had always a splendid +reputation for veracity. She made and sold mineral rods too, and, in +explaining their miraculous properties, gave out the advice that, by a +judicious and constant use of her peculiar make of mineral rod, the +whole world might speedily become rich, and at very trifling cost, thus +exhibiting a vein of disinterestedness, as generous as it was rare. We +say then, in the face of all this, and at the risk of destroying what +happiness yet remained in the minds of the men who were thus toiling +through the ghostly hour of twelve, we drew rein and hailed them. We +couldn't help it. Our curiosity got the better of us, and we asked them +what they were digging for. They were hunting for treasures, truly, not +the pirate's though, but their own. During the fire, and unable to hire +a team at any price, they had dug a deep hole in the cellar of the house +and buried there, what jewelry and silver-ware they could scrape +together. They were now hunting for it, and eventually they found it, in +not even a discoloured state. + +But let us go on. A very pleasant wind is fanning our foreheads, and +there is a charm about this drive which we never experienced before. A +grim charm truly, but nevertheless, a charm after all. Are we not going +to see the ruins. The ruins which came to us in a night--the heritage of +the fire. We have a Dunga and a Dugga, and a Carthage of our own. In a +few brief hours we had a desolation here, which, in other lands it took +great centuries to create. We have crumbling ruins, and shapeless masses +of stone in the very heart of a community which boasted, but a short +time before, of a civilization and an enterprise unsurpassed the world +over. Let the eye wander as we pass along the deserted streets, and take +in the full view as it appears. What a fascination there is about this +district of sorrow. Why is it we pause, and wonder if Troy ever looked +like this; or the ruins of Sodom stood out against the sky like that +house there, this edifice here or that once noble structure beyond. All, +all is desolation, all blackness, despair, decay and misery. Look at +those ponderous walls, which defied the flames to the last. See they are +still standing, broken it is true, but standing proudly and defiantly +for all that. See, the moon is throwing her light upon that church +yonder. See how she dances, now high, now low, look, she disappears +behind the tall wall, and all we see for a moment is a dark shadow. Now +there she is again. Here comes the glittering Cynthia with her robes of +white. She is coming along up, up, up by that angle there. Now she is +soaring along the sky. Now she seems to stand right over our heads. How +light it is. How bright and beautiful the moon is to-night. How playful +the mad thing is, how merrily and joyously she disports herself in the +heavens, and yet how kindly she turns her sympathetic face on the vale +below. She sails along, casting lingering and tearful glances on the +havoc-stricken land. + +We will drive over to that eminence there and look at the squares of +ruins, and notice the fragments of columns which remain. Turn your head +round, and look at those sentinel chimneys standing so erect, and so +regularly in line. Ah, that is where the old barrack stood, and those +chimneys, no doubt, heard many a well-told tale of the bivouac and the +battle-field. Could they but speak to-night, what reminiscence would +they relate of Lucknow and Cawnpore, of the Heights of Alma, and bloody +plain of Inkerman. What stories would they tell you of the gallant +fellows who on bleak winter nights gathered round their base, and +chatted and talked of battles fought and won, and the great deeds of +bravery they had seen. These high chimneys have many bits of history +locked within them which the world shall never know. They stood there +when the city was almost as bare of houses as it is now. They have seen +the busy workman, and heard the sound of his axe and saw; they have seen +the city grow more and more strong and beautiful; they have watched its +growth from a mere hamlet to a metropolis; they have witnessed the +erection of noble structures on sites where trees and bushes flourished +before; they have seen St. John on the morning of the 20th June +prosperous, enterprising, and full of energy and life; and they have +seen her again before the sun went down, stricken to the earth, with her +buildings in ruins, and the work of almost a hundred years in ashes. The +old sentries keep guard to-night, blackened and bared. + +Turn the horse a little this way. Now look up the street. Do you see +that pile of bricks and mortar and those heavy stones lying near? That +_debris_ is all that is left of a house where in my youth, I spent many +happy hours. I must take you into my confidence and tell you that the +owner of that house is to-day a poor man. The day before the fire he was +comparatively comfortable, rich I should call it, but the way wealth is +computed now-a-days, I will content myself with saying that he was +comfortably off. He had his carriage and horses--such splendid drivers, +and how well he kept them--he had a library, and such books, and he knew +what was in them too. History, belles-lettres, biography, science, all +departments were here. You could read if you chose on an idle afternoon, +in that alcove off the library, over there, a few feet from those +bricks, anything your fancy dictated. I used to love to sit there and +pull down his books--not to read them always, but merely to skim the +cream off a dozen or so of them of an afternoon. He had some charming +old books which he always kept in the extreme corner of his case. I +remember with what awe I used to approach this section, and take down +from the shelf his luxuriant copy of Milton, printed early in the +eighteenth century, and illustrated with a grand old portrait of the +blind bard. I read Pope's Homer here for the first time, and actually +waded through the Chesterfield Letters. I used to sit over towards the +left of where we are now, just close to that old stove-pipe which you +can just see peeping through the bricks. I may live many years, or I may +pass away to-night, but I shall never forget that dear old house, and +the many happy, happy hours I spent there. Come away. Something seems to +choke me, and one wants all his strength these days. Continue along in +this direction. We shall see all that is left of many beautiful houses +from here. There's the Wiggins' Orphan Asylum. The tower and the walls +are there. What exquisite ruins they are. Let us look at them awhile. +One can almost fancy he has seen somewhere a picture of the remains of +an edifice that looked like this. I can almost hear the guide tapping +his cane on the walls, and telling me to note how excellently preserved +the building is, and how admirably the builders put it up. See how solid +and strong it is, and hardly a discoloration marks its handsome front. +That dingy and dismal-looking old wooden building near at hand is the +Marine Hospital--that was saved all right. + +Did you notice the jagged, fringe-like edges of that building which we +passed just now, in that bend near the road? How intense the heat must +have been there to wear it down like that. And did you observe that +wooden door lying in the vestibule scarcely touched by the flames, while +everything around it was burned to a crisp? What odd freaks the fire +takes sometimes. Drive a little faster keep well to the left. The +streets are full of stones and broken brick yet. We are now coming past +Queen Square, and let us look in a moment on Mecklenburg Street. What a +beautiful sight those burning coals make in Mr. Vaughan's house. You can +see better by the left, there, now stop. See the pale light is above, +the deep blood-red light is below. What a curious meeting. You can +scarcely see the dividing line between them. Drive through the street to +Carmarthen, take in on the way Mr. Nicholson's Castle, and the houses +of Messrs. Magee on the left, and before you turn up the street look at +that immense mass of burning coals belonging to the Gas Company, blazing +away like some volcano in a state of eruption. There are smouldering +fires all round the city, and ruins upon ruins meet us at every turn. My +heart sickens at the sight. Let us drive home. We have visited the ruins +by moonlight. + + + + +Chapter XV. + + Aid for St. John--The First Days--How the Poor were Fed-- + Organization of the St. John Relief and Aid Society--Its + System--How it Operates--The Rink--The Car-shed--List of + Moneys and Supplies Received--The Noble Contributions. + + +No sooner was it known abroad that a great fire had swept away the +principal portion of St. John, and that thousands of people walked the +streets, homeless and hungry, than, with wonderful unanimity, generous +offers of aid came pouring in from all sides, for the relief of the +ruined city. Large sums of money, cargoes of supplies, and carloads of +breadstuffs, furniture, and clothing arrived; and committees of +citizens, notwithstanding that they were burned out themselves, and had +suffered severely, forgot everything in the desire to do good, and +instantly proceeded to take charge of this relief, and administer it to +the needy. The spacious skating rink was at their disposal, and this +splendid building soon became the house of refuge for over three hundred +homeless persons. These men, women, and children lived, slept, and ate +here day after day, for a week and more after the fire. The rink was +also converted into a provision storehouse, and from its centre the +poor, daily, received the necessaries of life. The ladies' dressing-room +was thrown into a clothes department, and from this place the wants of +applicants were attended to. Of course the system employed at first was +very loose, and while many deserving persons received aid, others, +again, who had no claims on the fund, fared equally as well. The +committee took the ground that it was better a few impositions should +occur than that one deserving person should "go empty away," and +accordingly none were refused alms and other assistance. The greatest +credit is due to these gentlemen for their kindly and disinterested +labours. While in office they did much good, and the generous donors of +the material which was so freely sent, can rest assured that their +bounty was not misapplied. Everything passed through the hands of His +Worship, Mayor Earle, the chief civic officer, and was by him placed +immediately after its receipt, in the possession of the proper ones who +were delegated to receive it. But this committee could not be expected +to distribute the relief, after the first week or two. The sums of +money, and the immense quantity of supplies, which continued, and still +continue, to come, and the large increase of applicants who only now +began to realize their loss, caused the work to grow more and more +arduous and cumbersome. Some regularly organized system of administering +aid must be devised, and a proper board of workmen selected, who would +be paid fairly for their services. This was what was done in Chicago, +during the days of her calamity, and our people wisely considered that a +leaf out of her book would answer the purpose. A meeting was called, and +though some dissatisfaction existed at the precise _manner_ in which the +thing was done, yet, after all, the error in such times as these should +not be accounted as anything very serious. The movers meant well, and +every one could not have a place on the board of directors. + +[Illustration: SKATING RINK.] + +Mr. C. G. Trusdell, the General Superintendent of the Chicago Relief and +Aid Society, was sent down to St. John to give what counsel he could, +and relate his experience to the people, and point out to them the +beauties of the organization which obtained in Chicago during her +troubles. He counselled the instant formation of a similar society here. +He knew its workings intimately. It was thorough; it was business-like. +No one, after the system was in full working order, could impose on the +managers, and order would come out of chaos, and confusion no longer +exist. His words had weight, for he had passed through the fire himself; +and steps were at once inaugurated for the establishment of "The St. +John Relief and Aid Society," with full control of the funds and +supplies. The men who were selected for the task are those in whom the +citizens have every confidence. The Directors are:-- + + S. Z. Earle, Mayor, _President_. + W. H. Tuck, Recorder, _Vice-President_. + Chas. H. Fairweather, _Treasurer_. + + James A. Harding. + Hon. Geo. E. King. + Harris Allan. + Fred A. King. + Andre Cushing. + James Reynolds. + H. J. Leonard. + James I. Fellows. + Wm. Magee. + Chas. N. Skinner. + Ezekiel McLeod. + Gen. D. B. Warner. + A. Chipman Smith. + John H. Parks. + E. Fisher. + + Aldermen Maher, Peters, Ferguson, Kerr, Adams, Duffell, Brittain, + Glasgow, and Wilson, with L. R. Harrison, _Secretary_. + +These gentlemen then organized the St. John Relief and Aid Society, and +assumed charge at once. The moneys were deposited in the bank, to the +credit of Chas. H. Fairweather, the Treasurer; and General D. B. Warner, +U.S. Consul, entered upon his duties as General Superintendent, and +opened his office at the rink. + +The sufferers by the fire, who had lived in the rink up to this time, +were housed in tents on the barrack green. The rink was thrown into +compartments. Fully two-thirds were placed at the service of the +store-keeper, who dealt out the provisions, the manager of the furniture +department, and the overseer of the space allotted to clothing. The +space directly in front of the door-way is occupied by the different +officers who perform the preliminary work. The gentlemen's dressing-room +is devoted to the use of the visitors, and the other dressing-room is +where the General Superintendent is to be found. No more admirable +system of giving out help to those whose wants require it, could be +formed. It is perfection itself, and though mistakes may occur +occasionally, on the whole it moves like a piece of well-appointed +machinery. The reader must understand that thousands of applications are +made daily, and all sorts of tricks are resorted to by those whose +necessities require no help, and every dollar given away to the +undeserving, is so much carried from the mouths of the honest and +honourable, for whom this magnificent donation was made. The greatest +care must be exercised, and it is the business of quite a staff of +officers to see that these impositions are checked, and no one is served +twice on the same order. No one has been refused aid, if he was +legitimately entitled to it. + +The actual working of the system is an interesting study. Everything is +done regularly and methodically. There is a substantial reason for every +movement, and it is surprising how quickly the officers can detect an +informality, or notice any attempt at deception. A brief account of the +system as it works will be interesting to many. Upon entering through +the main entrance, the visitor will notice, in stepping down to the +floor of the rink, a number of benches. On these the applicants sit, +each awaiting his or her turn, as the case may be. Before them are the +interviewers, six or seven in number, seated at convenient desks. The +applicant steps up and answers the questions propounded on a sheet of +paper. This document is signed, and one of Mr. G. B. Hegan's (the chief +of the clerks' staff) clerks numbers it. It then goes before Mr. Peter +Campbell, the superintendent of visitors. He allots it to the visitor of +the district to which the applicant belongs, for his name and address +are on this paper. The next day this house is visited, and the wants of +the residents being made known are entered on the paper, if in the +opinion of the visitor, after thorough examination, they come under the +proper head for relief. The applicant is told to call at the rink, where +he receives orders for furniture, clothing or provisions, or all three +if he needs them. After that has been gone through, it is only the +question of a few minutes when he gets what he wants. He presents each +ticket to the department of the various supplies, and after receiving +his quota he passes out. The process is very simple, though it appears +at first sight a little involved. It is the only way, however, by which +a complete check may be put on what goes out or by which every dollar's +worth of supplies can be strictly accounted for. Cases calling for +immediate aid often come before the managers. The applicant's needs are +urgent, and he cannot wait two days. He must have something now and at +once. Even here the wheels of the system are not clogged. In half an +hour or less he goes off with a day or two's full supply. An interim +ticket is furnished for just such cases as his, and he gets enough on +that "Immediate Relief" card, in advance of visitation to keep him from +actual suffering, until his regular supply can come to him in due +course. The plan adopted to prevent fraud works excellently, and without +the remotest possibility of a mistake. This is the famous vowel index +system and there is no better way than it. This is in charge of the +book-keepers under W. H. Stanley, the Chief Book-keeper, whose fine +ability has full scope in the management of this department. A complete +registration is made of the name and number and residence of every +applicant. The vouchers bearing these statements are fyled away in +packages of a hundred, and it is only the work of a few seconds to find +out all about the applicant as soon as he presents himself. In this +department only the "issued" documents are kept. Before they pass into +the book-keeper's hands they are retained by another set of clerks who +hold them until the supplies are issued; when this is done the words +"issued to ----" are written down on the face of the voucher in red ink +and at once recorded at the book-keeper's desk and fyled as before +mentioned. Mr. Hegan, whose desk faces the door, performs his functions +with excellent executive skill, and the other gentlemen in charge of the +different departments have the system at their fingers' end and already +show much familiarity with the work. It is the duty of the visitors who +call on the people named in the circulars handed them, to make every +legitimate enquiry and strive to learn the fullest particulars of the +applicants, as much depends on their report to headquarters. This duty +is entrusted to persons of discernment and reliability, and few +complaints have reached the General Superintendent of negligence and +incompetency. As soon as they occur, however, the offenders are promptly +dismissed. The Provision Department is in charge of Mr. Geo. Swett, +formerly Manager of the Victoria Hotel. He has an efficient staff of +clerks, and his store-room reminds one of a well regulated wholesale +grocery store. The meat is cut up into convenient pieces by butchers, +and the whole management here is reduced to a system; Mr. Swett is +always courteous and looks carefully after those under him. Mr. Kerrison +is chief of the Clothing Department, and Mr. P. Gleason, is the +principal officer of the Furniture Room. Miss Rowley is Superintendent +of the Ladies' Clothing Department. The heads of the different +departments are held responsible for the doings of their subordinates, +and the utmost vigilance is accordingly exercised. + +The large car-shed immediately adjoining the rink, has been converted +into a store-room and receiving office. Here, Messrs. Wm. Magee and +James Reynolds receive the supplies as they come to the very doors of +the shed by rail, and are brought from the steamers by carts. As most of +the relief comes by train there is no cartage or expense attached, and +this besides being very convenient is wholly inexpensive. Not an article +can leave here to go to the various departments in the rink, unless an +order comes for it from some chief of a department. The supplies are +usually ordered in large quantities in the morning and in sufficient +amounts to last one day. The warehouse is kept well, and the goods +therein are carefully looked after and subject to constant examination. +Everything here, as well as in the other rooms, is done by check, and +nothing can go astray. + +The Directors are husbanding their resources and looking further ahead +than the present hour. Care is taken to render judiciously the relief +which has come from the generous friends abroad. It is likely that the +St. John Relief and Aid Society will continue several years in active +operation. They will have much to do, and the trials which will come +with the winter will be very trying. + + +LIST OF BUSINESS HOUSES BURNT OUT. + + Academy of Music A. M. Ring, Pres. Germain Street. + Adams, James & Co. Drygoods King Street. + Allan, Harris Brass-founder Water Street. + Allan Bros. Foundrymen " " + Allan, J. Howe Provisions South Mkt. Whf. + Allan, John Tinsmith Canterbury Street. + Allen, Geo. Em. Commercial agent Prince William Street. + Ames, Horace T. Ship chandlery Walker's Whf. + Albert Mining Co. Albertite Pr. William Street. + Armstrong, Aaron Bonded warehouse " " + Armstrong, Bros. Founders Main Street. + Armstrong, John & Co. Dry goods Prince William Street + Austin, W. H. Livery Stable Princess Street. + Andrews, Wm. Mountain, + & Co. Manuf. Agents Prince William Street. + Arrowsmith, J. E. Victualler Germain. + Abel, Mrs. Boarding-house " + Aitken, Allen & Co. Machinists Sydney Street. + Anglin, Hon. T. W. "Freeman" Prince William Street. + Almon, L. J. Insurance Princess Street. + + Brown, Silas H. Builder Pitt St. + Ballantine, J. E. & Co. Boots and shoes + (retail) King St. + Barbour Bros. Provisions South Mkt. Whf. + Barbour, M. C. Dry goods (retail) Prince William St. + Barbour, Robt. Painter + Bardsley, Bros. Hats King St. + Butt, W. F. Bonded warehouse Nelson St. + Brennan, Henry Oyster saloon Water St. + Barnes, A. B. & Co. Hotel-keepers Prince William St. + Barnes & Co. Booksellers " " + Benn, J. C. Insurance Germain St. + Barnes, Jos. W. & Co. Dry goods (retail) Market Square. + Betts Azor, W. T. Comm Ward St. + Bridgeo, D. Boarding-house Prince William St. + Bartsch, A. J. H. Watches and + Chronometers " " + Beard & Venning Dry goods " " + Benson, John Millinery " " + Beek, Henry S. Bookbinder " " + Bell, Joseph Painter Duke St. + Bellony, John Pictures Dock St. + Bent, Geo. R. Musical instruments, + organs Main St. + Bent, Gilbert Provisions South Mkt. Whf. + Bertain, G. W. E. Ship-owner Prince William St. + Berton Bros. Groceries Dock St. + Berryman, Drs. J. & + D. E. Physicians Charlotte St. + Best, Norris Metals Water St. + Bone, Peter Liquors Smyth St. + Birmingham, Michael " Dock St. + Biddington, George " Canterbury St. + Black, Wm. Ship chandler Ward St. + Blackall, Michael Coaches Prince William St. + Blanchard, W. E. Women's wear Germain St. + Blizard, S. G. Lumber yard Britain St. + Blizzard, Wm. Fish packer Prince William St. + Bostwick, C. M. Provisions Water St. + Bourke, T. L. Groceries and liquors Dock St. + Bowes & Evans Tinsmiths and stoves Canterbury St. + Bradley, Bros. Block & pump makers + Breeze, Dudne Liquors and groceries, + bonded warehouse + burned + Brims, A. & Son. Brewers Wentworth St. + Bruce, J. Boots and Shoes Sydney St. + Brockington, H. & Co. Tailors Germain St. + Brown, John C. Commission & W. I goods Brown's Wharf. + Brown & Nugent Liquors Dock St. + Burns, G. M. Boarding-house " + Bruckhof, Wm. Mouldings Germain St. + Bullock, Jos. Oils Nelson St. + Baillie, Chas. Fly tyer Prince William St. + Burnham, C. E., & Co. Furniture Germain St. + Burpee, I. & F. & Co. Iron and hardware North wharf. + Butt, John H. Tailor Germain St. + Buist, A. Liquors Water St. + Buxton, Thos. B. Liquors Dock St. + Brundage, Thos. Sail maker Merritt's wharf. + Brennan, B. Liquors Canterbury St. + Bank New Brunswick Hon.J. D. Lewin, Pres. Princess St. + Bank Nova Scotia J. M. Robinson, Agent Market Square. + Bank Montreal E. C. Jones, Agent " " + Brown, Miss Milliner Germain St. + Bustin, A. T. Circulating Library Germain St. + Bayard, Dr. Wm. Physician " " + Brewster, E. E. Bottler Dock St. + Burke, John Undertaker Princess St. + Bryden, Bros. & Co. Bakers + Bertaux, Geo. E. Ships Prince William Street. + + Cain, Antony Liquors & groceries Mill St. + Callaghan, John " " Reed's Point. + Cameron, J. R. & Co. Oils and lamps Prince William St. + Campbell, P. & J. Blacksmiths Union St. + Campbell, Thos. Gas fitter Germain St. + Carleton, Robt. Blockmaker Wood St. + Carroll, David Plumber Princess St. + Carvill, Geo. Iron Nelson St. + Carvill, McKean & Co. Merchants Office, Walker's wharf. + Chubb, H. & Co. Stationers Prince William St. + Churchill, David Fancy goods Prince William St. + Clarke, Alfred T. W. I. goods Smyth St. + Clarke, James Flour Inspector + Clarke, G. H. Auctioneer Prince William St. + Clementson, F. & Co. Crockery Dock St. + Climo, J. S. Photographs & frames Germain St. + Coholane, John Grocer Dock St. + Collins, Francis Commission Dock St. + Connolly, Capt. Nautical school Water St. + Colpitts, Thos. R. Photographer Germain St. + Conroy, H. & Son Hair goods Canterbury St. + Corbitt, John Block & pumpmaker Ward St. + Corbitt, Samuel Furniture Prince William St. + Cornwall, Ira, jr. Insurance Agent Princess St. + Cotter, W. & Sons Victuallers Prince William St. + Coughlan, Daniel Clothing Dock St. + Coughlan, R. Liquors Ward St. + Coughlan, Thos. L. Jewelry King St. + Cox, Joseph Stone cutter + Crawford, W. K. Books King St. + Cruickshank, James F. Ship owner Office Maritime Bank + Cushing, Andre & Co. Lumber Office Prince Wm. St. + Cotter, B. Fruit Dock St. + Cochrane, F. J. Drugs Charlotte St. + + Daniel & Boyd Dry goods, wholesale Market Square. + Davidson, Wm. Lumber Office Water St. + Davidson, Wm. J. Tug boats " " " + Dun, Wiman & Co. Mercantile Agency " Maritime Bank. + Dearborn & Co. Spices Nelson St. + De Forest, Geo. S. Provisions & W I goods South wharf. + Della Torre, C. & W. & + Co. Toys King St. + Deveber, L. H. & Sons Merchants Prince William St. + Devine, George F. Sheet Music " " " + Dalzell, J. W. Furniture Germain St. + Devoe, John D. Liquors & groceries Water St. + Daniel, Dr. J. W. Physician Germain St. + Dodge, Isaac A. Blacksmith + Doherty, Wm. & Co. Clothiers Market Square. + Domville, Jas. & Co. Merchants North Wharf. + Donovan, Jeremiah Boots and Shoes Dock St. + Driscoll Bros. Ship-owners Water St. + Driscoll, M. Ship-chandler " " + Duff, Alexander Tug Boats " " + Duffell, Henry Lumber Charlotte St. + Dunham & Clarke Architects Prince William St. + Dunn, J. E. Insurance Ritchie's Building. + Dunn, Jas. L., & Co. Iron and Ship-owners Smyth St. + Dyall, James Gas-fitter Water St. + DeBlois, T. M. News Room Prince William St. + Doody & Tole Plumbers " " " + Driscoll, Daniel Liquors Carmarthen. + + Eastern Express Co. Jos. R. Stone, Agent Prince William St. + Eaton, Geo. Commission Nelson St. + Emerson, R. B. Tinsmith Germain St. + Emery, Oliver & Co. Provisions and Ships South Wharf. + Erb & Bowman Flour North Wharf. + Everitt & Butler Wholesale Dry Goods Canterbury. + Everett, C. & E. Hatters Prince William St. + Everett, Geo. F. & Co. Drugs King St. + Elder, Wm. _Daily Telegraph_ Prince William St. + Ellis & Armstrong _Evening Globe_ " " " + + Finlay, Hugh _Printer's Miscellany_ Prince William St. + Finnegan, H. Liquors Prince William St. + Flinn, Geo. Saloon Canterbury St. + Fairweather, H. H. Coal York Point Slip. + Fairweather, A. C. & G. + E. Insurance Princess St. + Fairall & Smith Dry Goods, Retail Prince William St. + Fairbanks & Co. Gilders King St. + Farrell, Michael Clothing Prince William St. + Ferguson, John C. Grocer and Auctioneer South Wharf. + Flood, Michael Builder Wentworth St. + Finn, M. A. Wines Water St. + Fisher, Samuel Shoemaker Charlotte St. + Flewelling, G. & G. Matches Water St. + Foley, H. T. Notions Duke St. + Foster, John Grocers and Liquors Prince William St. + Foster, S. K. Shoes Germain Street. + Foster, S. R. & Son Tacks North St. + Fleming, J. W. Liquors Britain St. + Francis, Manuel Shoes Prince William St. + Furlong, Thos. Wines Water St. + Fiske, Dr. J. M. C. Dentist King St. + Fitch, Dr. Simon Physician Princess St. + Firth, Wm. M. B. Wharfinger Walker's Wharf. + Frith, Henry W. Clerk of the Peace Princess St. + Fitzpatrick, F. G. S. Bonded Warehouse Nelson St. + Ferguson, Miss Gordon House King St. + + Gabel, Z. G. Rubber Goods Prince William St. + Gallagher & Young Coopers Ward St. + Gard, W. T. Manu. Jeweller Germain St. + Gerow, Geo. W. Ship-owner Prince William St. + Gibbon, W. H. Coal Mill St. + Gibson, W. C. Watch materials King St. + Gilbert, & Co. Merchants Prince William St. + Griffith, Dr. Jas. E. Dentist Germain St. + Gilmour, A. & T. Tailors Germain St. + Gleeson, Patk. Provisions South Mkt. Whf. + Griffin, Bros. Fish " " + Godard, J. W. Ship chandler North Whf. + Gorman, Thos. Provisions Ward St. + Grant, J. Macgregor Insurance Robertson Place. + Green, Nathan Cigars Prince William St. + Greenough, A. R. Saloon " " + Gould Bros. Dyers " " + Gunn, Thos. Tailor " " + Guthrie & Hevenor Bakers Charlotte St. + Gale, E. W. Insurance Prince William St. + Guy, Stewart & Co. Lumber Office, Water St. + Gardner Sewing Machine + Co. Princess St. + Gregory, Hugh S. Stevedore North Mk. Whf. + Grace, R. Umbrellas, etc. Princess St. + Gorrie, Henry Tailor " " + Gavin, P. Liquors Water St. + + Hall, David H. Sewing Machines Germain St. + Hill, Rowland & Co. Crockery Mkt. Square. + Hall & Fairweather Flour South Whf. + Hall, Thos. H. Books King St. + Hamilton, Lounsbury & + Co. Manufacturer's agents Germain St. + Hammond, E. P. Sewing machines King St. + Holden, Chas. Physician Princess St. + Hanford, Bros. Commission Nelson St. + Health Lift Co. R. J. Moffatt, agent Germain St. + Hanington, Bros. Drugs King St. + Hanington, Thos. B. Auctioneer Princess St. + Harding, Chas. E. Lumber yard Reed's Pt. + Harding, John H. Mining agent Prince William St. + Harrison, J. & W. F. Flour North Mk. Whf. + Harrison, Matthew Boots and shoes Prince William St. + Hart, S. H. Cigars " " + Hammond, John Shoemaker " " + Hatfield & Gregory Ship chandlers North Whf. + Hatheway, Dr. J. C. Dentist Germain St. + Hatheway, Dr. Can. " " + Hatheway, W. H. Fish + Hawker, W. Drugs Prince William St. + Hay, A. & J. Jewellers King St. + Hayes, Edw. Baker Mill St. + Hayward, S. & Co. Hardware Prince William St. + Hamilton & Gray Barbers " " + Hayward, W. H. Crockery " " + Hegan J. & J. & Co. Dry goods " " + Hevenor & Co. Brass-founders Water St. + Hillman, W. H. Silver-plater Charlotte St. + Hilyard, C. E. Commission North Whf. + Holstead & Co. Trunks Water St. + Holstead, John S. Stevedore " + Horn, John Liquors " + Hubbard, W. D. W. Auctioneer Canterbury St. + Hughes, John E. Custom House broker Prince William St. + Hunter, James Locksmith Princess St. + Hunter, Roger Printer Dock St. + Hutchings & Co Mattresses Germain St + Hutchinson, Geo Jr Jeweller " " + Hyke, R S International Hotel Prince William St + Hinch, James United States Hotel Charlotte St + Henderson, Jas D Fruit, etc. Princess St + Hancock, F M Fish St James's St + + Isbister, O R S Painter Dock St + Inches, Dr. P R Physician Germain St + Isaacs, Joseph Tobacco Mill St + Irvine, Bros. Grocers Germain St + + James, S K F Ship broker Walker's Whf + Jardine & Co Wholesale and retail + grocers Prince William St + Jarvis, C E L Insurance Princess St + Jarvis, Wm M " " " + Jack, Henry " Canterbury St + Jewellers' Hall King St + Jewett Bros Lumber Office, Water St + Jewett, E D & Co " " " + Johnston, James J Tailor King St + Jones, Simeon, & Co. Bankers Prince William St + Jones, Thos R & Co. Dry goods (wholesale) Canterbury St + Jones, Wm Tailor King Square + Jones, Mrs. Wm Florist Germain St + Jordan, Jas G Ship broker Lawton's Whf + Jordan, W W Dry goods Mkt Square + + Kivenear, Wm Liquors North St + Kearns, A G " Dock St + Kennedy, Jas Grocer South Whf + Kennay, E E. Organs, etc. Germain St + Keohan, Thos H Gilder " " + Kerr & Scott Dry goods Mkt Square + Kilnapp, Geo Shoemaker Germain St + King Bros Groceries Princess St + Kinnear Bros Commission Nelson St + Kirk, J T & Co. Clothing Mkt Square + Kirkpatrick, Hugh " King St + Knowles, S N Trunks Germain St + Kavanagh, M Liquors Dock St + Knox & Thompson Furniture Princess St + Knodell Geo A Printer Church St + Kaye J J & J S Insurance Princess St + Kain Mrs. Green grocer Prince William St + + Lumber Exchange H J Leonard, Sec Market Square + Larter, S Shoemaker Carmarthen St + Landry & Co Organs King St + Lantalum, E & Co Junk Union St + Lauckner, S J Baker Sydney St + Lawton, A G Drugs King St + Lawton, Edmund " Prince William St + Lawton, James Wharfinger Lawton's whf + Lawton, J. Fred Saw manuf North St + Lawton, W G Dry goods King St + Livingston, John Watchman office Canterbury St + Leach, Danl E Billiard saloon Charlotte St + Lee J W Stoves Princess St + Lee Mrs Intelligence office " " + Lee & Logan Grocers Dock St + Leonard, R J Ship broker Water St + Leonard, S & Co. Fish & ships Water St + Leonard, Robt. Sail maker Water St + Lester, E H Auctioneer King St + Lewin & Allingham Hardware Market Square + Leitch John & Co Woodenware Germain St + Lewis Wm B Ship smiths Britain St + Lipman, S & Son Cigars King St + Littlejohn, Thos Liquors North wharf + Lloyd & Co Coal Lloyd's wharf + Lockhart, W A Auctioneer North wharf + Logan, Lindsay & Co. Grocers King St + Lordly, Howe & Co. Furniture Germain St + Lorimer, J B Grocer Carmarthen St + Lorimer, Wm. " South wharf + Lunney, Thos. Clothier Dock St + Lunt, Enoch & Sons Steamboats Dock St + Lyman, C E Machinery agent Market square + Lear, James Manufacturer's agent King St + Lyons, Ann Second-hand store Germain St + Lawton, Benj Boat builder Nelson St + Lordly, Mrs Brunswick Hotel Prince William St + + McAllister, James Dentist Germain St + MacIntyre, R & Co Paint manufacturers Sydney St + Maclellan & Co Bankers Prince William St + Magee & Co J T Tinware " " " + Magee Bros Dry goods " " " + Malcolm, Andrew Grocer South wharf + Manson, Jas. Dry goods King St + Maritime Warehousing & + Dock Co. Office, North Whf + Maritime Bank Jas Domville, M.P., + President Mkt Square + Maritime Insurance Office Pr. Wm. St. + Co. Wm. Pugsley, Jr., Sec. + Maritime Sewing Machine + Co F S Sharpe Charlotte St + Marshall, Robt. Insurance agent Pr Wm St + Marsters, John F Custom-house broker " " " + Martin, Wm. Clothier Dock + Masters, A W Oils, &c Nelson + Masters & Patterson Provisions South Whf + Maxwell, Elliott & + Barclay Shipsmiths Nelson + Maxwell, H & Sons Lumber Britain + May, Jas S Tailor Pr Wm St + McAndrews, Robt Shoemaker Germain St + McAndrews, R jr Grocer King St + McArdle, Patk " Pr Wm St + Macfee, Wm Blacksmith Ward St + McAvity, Thos & Son Hardware Water St + McCafferty, Hugh Liquors North Whf + McAvenney, Dr A F Dentist Germain St + McCourt, Patrick Merchant North St + McCarthy, Timothy Coal Water St + McSweeney, John Shipowner Office, Union St + McClure, Jas & Co Photographers King St + McConnell, Jas Boots and shoes " + McCormack, Jas Clothing Ward St + McCulloch, H & H A Dry goods Mkt Sqr + McDonough, M Tailor Germain St + McDougall, John Cabinet-maker Mill St + McFarlane, John R Soap and candles " + McFeeters, W W Clothier Mkt Sqr + McGivern, R P Coal North Whf + McGill, L Shoes Mill St + McCoskery, C A Liquors Pr Wm St + McGovern, W F Hatter King St + McInnes, J A Tailor Princess St + McKenzie & Scott Stone cutters Charlotte St + McLachlan, D & Sons Boiler makers York Point Slip + McLauchlan, Chas & Son Ship-brokers Office, North Wharf + McLaughlan, D J Commission North Whf + McLean, Wm M Ship-broker Office, Peter's Whf + McLaren, L Physician Charlotte St + McLeod, Geo Merchant Water St + McMann, L & Sons W I goods Smyth St + McManus, J N Clothing Mkt Sqr + McMillan, J & A Booksellers & + stationers Prince Wm St + Masonic Hall Ritchie's build Princess St + McSorley, J Groceries & liquors Duke St + Melick, John Ship-broker Water St + Meneley, W Blockmaker Ward St + Merritt, E M Liquors Dock St + Merritt, Chas Capitalist Water St + Miller, J O Confectioner Charlotte St + Milligan, J & R Marble-cutters King Sq + Mills, Alf Chronometers Pr Wm St + Mitchell, John Carver + Mitchell, John Boots & shoes Pr Wm St + Moore, Wm Painter Germain St + Moore, Robt Auctioneer King St + Moore, Ellen Milliner King St + Morrisey, W C Undertaker Charlotte St + Morrisey, Patk Liquors Duke St + Morrison, Geo jr Grocer South Whf + Moulson, Jas Grocer Water St + Moynehan, Daniel Clothing Dock St + Mullin, Bros " Dock St + Mullin, J J " Prince William St + Mullin, John Boots and shoes King St + " " Liquors Dock St + Munroe, John J Trunks Princess St + McGinley, W Barber Canterbury St + McKillop & Johnston Printers " " + McKillop, John, & Co Geo Em Allen, agent Prince William St + McLeod, Ezekiel Official Assignee Princess St + McAvity, John D Grocer " " + Muldoon, E Liquors Duke St + McDonald & Hatfield Clothiers Dock St + McAleer, Mrs Liquors Duke St + Michaels, M Tobacconist Prince William St + Major, Wm Toys " " + + Nash, Thos Ærated waters Dock St + New Brunswick Paper Co T P Davies, manager Canterbury St + Nicholson, J W Wines Robertson Place + Nicoud, Simon Jeweller Germain St + Nixon, Geo Glass and paper + hangings King St + Noble, Geo A Boot-maker Canterbury St + Notman, W & J Photographers Germain St + Normansell, H S Victualler Duke St + + O'Brien, Richard Liquors Germain St + O'Gorman, John Groceries and liquors Dock St + Olive, W H Ticket agent Office, Prince Wm St. + O'Regan, Chas Ship broker Office, South Whf + O'Connor, T J Boarding-house South Whf + Osgood, S P Marble-worker King Square + Oulton, Bros Ship-broker Office, Water St + Oddfellows' Hall Germain St + Odell, Mrs Fancy boxes King St + O'Hara, Chas Barber Mill St + + Provincial Building + Society C W Wetmore, Pres Prince William St + Paddock, M V Drugs Mill St + Partelow, C J Liquors South Whf + Partelow, G L " Ward St + Patterson, W H Jeweller King St + Patton Bros Liquors Water St + Patton, Danl Liquors Dock St + Peiler, E & Bro Piano dealers Prince William St + Pengilly, T M Drugs " " " + Pengilly Oil-clothes " " " + Percival, Purchase & Co Fancy goods King St + Peters, Albert Tanner Britain St + Peters, Thos W Capitalist Prince William St + Phillips, Miss S Hair worker Germain St + Philps, Geo Banker Prince William St + Potter, C E Painter Germain St + Potts, J W Grocer Water St + Powers, M N Undertaker Princess St + Powers, Stephen Liquor Mill St + Price, James Tailor Princess St + Prichard & Son Iron Merritt's wharf + Pullen, James H Painter Charlotte St + Purchase, Wm Watchmaker Dock St + Provincial Ins Co H H Reeve, agent Princess St + Pattison, Geo Tinsmith Church St + Purdy, Wm H Shipowner Maritime Bank + + Quick, Augustus Ship Chandler Water St + Quinn, P J Dry goods Market Square + Quinn, Wm Blocks Britain St + + Rankine, Thos & Sons Bakery Mill St + Ranney, H R Insurance Prince William St + Reeve, H H " Princess St + Ray, Chas R Agent Market Square + Raymond, Thos F Royal Hotel Prince William St + Redmond, P C Clothier Market Square + Reid, Miss Kate Boarding + Reed, J & R Shipowners Water St + Reed, Thos. M Drugs Market Square + Richardson, Alex & Co Saw manufacturers Union St + Ring, Z Shipowner Maritime Bank + Ring, Allan M Homoeopathic Phys Germain St + Rising, Wm Grocer South wharf + Risk, John Broker Nelson St + Richards, John Liquors Prince William St + Roberts, D V Ship chandler Water St + Robertson, C A Livery Stables King's Square + Rodgers, James Liquors Charlotte St + Robertson & Corbett Grocers, retl King St + Robertson, D D & Co Ship brokers Smyth St + Robertson, Geo Whs grocer Water St + Robertson, Le Baron Cigars Prince William St + Robertson, R & Son Sailmakers, &c Water St + Robinson, C & Co Undertakers Princess St + Robinson, C E Shipbroker Reed's Point + Robinson, T. W. Salt, W I Goods Union St + Roop, John Sailmaker Water St + Ross, John Saloon Prince William St + Rogers, John Tailor Prince William St + Ring, G Fred Commission Maritime Bank + Rowan, Archd Gasfitter Water St + Ruggles, St Clair Grocer Charlotte St + Runciman, John Gasfitter Water St + Rural Cemetery Co G Sidney Smith, Sec Princess St + Russell, J H Hotel King St + Rolph, A P Agent Duke St + + St John Gas Light Co A Blair, Pres Carmarthen St + " Halifax + Lithograph Co L D Clark, Manager Church St + " Mutual Ins Co O D Wetmore, Sec Princess St + " Building Soc C N Skinner, Pres Prince William St + " Board of Trade S J King, Sec Market Square + Salmon, Geo Variety King St + Sancton, G F Tugboats Office, Water St + Salmon & Cameron Photos King St + Scammell Bros Ship-brokers Water St + Scammell, C E, & Co Ship chandlers " " + Schofield & Beer Produce Walker's Whf + Schofield, Samuel Ship owner Office, Prince William + St + Scott & Binning Dry Goods King St + Scott, Geo A Provisions & groceries Prince William St + Scott, T A Saloon Charlotte St + Seely, A McL Merchant Germain St + Seely, D J Comm, etc Water St + Sharkey, P & Son Clothiers King St + Sharp & Co Dry Goods " + Sharp, Laban L Jeweller " + Sheraton & Skinner Carpets Prince William St + Skinner, F S Grocer King St + Small & Hatheway Steamboats Office, Dock St + Small's Hall Dock St + Smith, A Chipman Drugs Market Square + Smith, Geo F & Co Ship chandlers North Whf + Smith, H R Bookseller King St + Smith, Wm Ship-smith + Snider, G E Auctioneer Robertson Place + Sparrow, Geo Saloon King St + Spence, W A Hay York Point Slip + Stafford, Jno W Liquors Ward St + Spring Hill Mining Co Coal Office, Water St + Starr, R P & W F " Smyth St + Steeves Bros Merchants Prince William St + Stephens & Figgures Grocers Dock St + Stephenson & McGibbon Lumber Office, North Whf + Stephenson & McLean Provisions, etc North Whf + Stephenson, Robt Boots and shoes Prince William St + Stewart, Geo, jr Chemist King St + Spencer & Wortman Patent Medicines Church St + Stewart, John Grocer Carmarthen St + Stewart, Luke Shipbroker North wharf + Stewart, Robt Toys Germain St + Stewart & White Furniture and + Auctioneers Prince William St + Storey, J K Dry Goods King St + Strang, Saml Commission South wharf + Street, A L B Wines Princess St + Suffren, Geo Jewelry King St + Sweeney, John Boots & Shoes Prince William St + Swift & Johnson Painters Church St + Saunders, James Boots and shoes King St + Street, W W Stadacona Ins Co Prince William St + + Temperance Hall King St + Talbert, A J Dry Goods Dock St + Taylor Bros Shipowners Prince William St + Taylor & Dockrill Grocers King St + Taylor J M Commission North wharf + Tennant, R H B Shirt mfr Prince William St + Thomas, Geo Shipbroker Water St + Thomas, Geo E Adjuster " " + Thompson, G F & Sons Paint mfrs Princess St + Thompson, Richd Fancy goods Market Square + Thomson, Wm & Co Shipbrokers Smyth Street + Thorne, W H & Co Hardware Canterbury St + Thurgar & Russell Liquors North wharf + Tippett, A P Manufacturers' agent Water St + Toll, James Fisherman Water St + Troop & McLauchlan Ship chandlers Water St + Troop & Son Ship owners Water St + Trueman, James Grocer South wharf + Tufts, Francis Provisions, &c " " + Tufts, H K Boots & shoes Prince William St + Tufts, Samuel Grocer Germain St + Turnbull & Co Flour, &c Ward St + Turnbull, J E Sash factory Main St + Turner, James D Oysters Water St + Turner, Joshua S Fruit " " + Thompson, Mrs Annie Boarding house Germain St + Travers, B Physician Sydney St + + Valpey, J H Shoe mfr Prince William St + Vassie, Jno & Co Dry Goods whs Canterbury St + Vaughan & Donovan Boots & shoes Princess St + Vaughan, J R Boots & shoes Prince William St + Venning, J H Engraver Germain St + Vroom & Arnold Ship-brokers Water St + + Ward, Wm M Liquors Charlotte St + Walker, Jno & Co Ship chandlers Walker's wharf + Walton, Wm Crockery King St + Waterbury, Wm Hardware King St + Waterhouse, L H Coal North wharf + Watson, A C Fruit Water St + Watson, W C Shipbroker Nelson St + Watson, W H Groceries & liquors King St + Watson & Co Books " " + Watts & Turner Dry Goods Market Square + Webb, W E Cordage Smyth St + Welch, Richd Tailor Germain St + Wetzell, R Ice-dealer Prince William St + Walsh, M & Son Boots & shoes Reed's Pt + Wetmore, C W Broker Prince William St + White, G & V S Merchants North wharf + White, James E Stock broker Prince William St + White, Thos Confectioner Germain St + White & Slipp Flour North wharf + Wheeler, Miss Boarding Charlotte St + White & Titus Flour, etc North Whf + Whiting, G H Agent Canterbury St + Whiting, W J Flour, etc South Whf + Warn, Wm & Son Barbers King St + Willis, E, & Co Paper Collar Manufs Canterbury St + Willis & Mott "Morning News" " " + Wilson, Gilmour & Co Mantels Prince William St + Wilson, J N Liquors Church St + Wisdom & Fish Machinery Prince William St + Wishart, John Merchant Walker's Whf + Wetmore, E J Flock Manuf North St + Wills & Rubins Ship-smiths Water St + Woodworth, J L Agent Mispeck Mills " + Weiscoff, Jacob Liquors Prince William St + Walker, Thos Physician Princess St. + + Young, Adam Stoves Water St + Yeats, A, & Sons Iron Union St + + + + +CHAPTER XVI. + + The Odd Fellows and the Fire--Relief Committee at Work--Searching + out the Destitute Brethren--Helping the Sufferers--The Secret + Distribution of Aid--List of Donations. + + +The Society of Oddfellows is a Mutual Relief Association, one of the +first duties of its members being to search out worthy and distressed +brethren, and relieve their necessities. The member who neglects to +carry out this noble principle, violates his obligation. The order has +obtained a strong foothold in the city, and many benevolent men have +joined it that they might thereby be actively instrumental in doing good +to their fellowmen. The brother who suffers, and whose family requires +assistance meets with no obstacle in his way, for a liberal hand almost +as unseen as those blessings which come to us disguised, is near, he +receives the offerings of his companions, not as charity, but as his +due. He is an Oddfellow, and that talismanic word is all sufficient. In +_his_ time he had helped many. When his turn comes the same rule is +observed. The mode of giving relief is twice blessed. It is done in +secret, and without ostentatious parade. No member ever deems his spirit +crushed when he takes aid like this to his family. And no widow, however +proud, thinks for a moment that she is accepting alms, when her +immediate and other wants are supplied from the "Widows' and Orphans'" +Fund. So anxious are the members to have it thoroughly understood that +the aid that is given is not that which is known as charity by the +outside world, but is the legitimate due of the Oddfellow, that it is +expressly laid down, that no member, however well circumstanced he may +be, can refuse the sums which are from time to time placed at his +disposal. If he be sick he receives weekly a sick benefit allowance. +This he is bound to take. He may if he choose, it is true, donate it +back to any fund he likes, but it is preferred that this should not +occur. In addition to money benefits the order provides something else +which is more enduring than money, and which cannot be bought at any +price. The member is no sooner sick than he finds a warm-hearted brother +by his side, eagerly trying to interpret his wants, and perform some +little act of kindness that may perhaps assuage his pain for a time. In +a hundred ways this excellent society does good. The distressed are +relieved, the sick are watched over, and the dead are buried. Where it +is necessary, the brethren sit up during the night with the patient, and +in a thousand ways the good work goes on. + +Up to the present time no calamity has disturbed the prosperity of the +Order in the Province. Indeed, on the contrary, its career has been +wonderfully successful. The different lodges have grown prosperous, and +the two principal funds, the "Widows' and Orphans'," and the "sick +benefit," have for some time had quite a respectable balance at their +banker's. These still remain intact, and are held strictly in trust to +enable the ends of the society to be carried out when required. The +recent fire, of course, destroyed a considerable amount of the property +belonging to the organization; but the actual suffering was confined to +the private members of the order. Many of these endured great hardships, +and met with reverses of no ordinary kind. Men who had all their lives +helped others, now found themselves in a moment dependent on their +friends for relief for pressing needs. They had saved nothing from the +burning, and some of them who were insured had trusted to offices which +went down with the general crash. The result was immediately apparent. +Something had to be done and at once. Their distressed and harassed +members must be relieved. The whole tenets of the order demanded this. +The common humanity which dwells in the hearts of so many members cried +out to the afflicted ones, "Your loss is ours; we are ready to divide +with you." A meeting of the leading members was had on the 22nd June, at +the Oddfellow's Hall, Town of Portland, and steps were taken for the +administration of immediate relief. The same spirit which actuated the +brethren here seemed to prompt the members abroad to deeds which can +never be forgotten while a Lodge or an Encampment exists. The chairman +of the meeting, D. D. G. M. Murdoch, on the evening of Friday, announced +to the assembly that the Lodge in Moncton had generously contributed +$25, and asked to be drawn on to the extent of one hundred dollars, and +Brother White, of Bangor, had forwarded the handsome sum of three +hundred dollars, and offered more if needed. Offers of assistance came +from Boston, Chicago and elsewhere. These tidings were received with +great joy by the members. They knew now of the sympathy which was felt +for them abroad, and their first duty was the organization of an +Executive Committee. This was done on motion of Bro. Vradenburgh and one +member from each Lodge, and the Encampment were appointed such +Committee. These were N. G. McClure, of "Siloam," N. G., Court of +"Peerless," N. G., Torrance, of "Beacon," N. G., Hea, of "Pioneer," and +Henry Hilyard, chairman of Portland Town Council, of the Encampment, +together with Bros. Gilbert Murdoch, and Rev. G. M. W. Carey. A +sub-committee was subsequently appointed on the recommendation of Bros. +Vradenburgh and Kilpatrick, whose duties it would be to seek out and +report to the Executive Committee any brother they found to be in +distress. This Committee was very judiciously selected, and comprised +the following gentlemen: R. R. Barnes, James Byers and J. Rubbins, for +Beacon Lodge; H. A. Vradenburgh, W. A. Moore, and Alex. Duff, for +Peerless Lodge; F. Barnes, Hamon and A. J. Smith, for Siloam Lodge; and +John E. Hughes, J. A. Paul, and Jos. Wilson, for Pioneer Lodge. Action +was then taken on the telegrams received, and a committee was appointed +to attend to the replying of the same, and the transmission of the +thanks of the St. John Oddfellows to their brethren in the United States +and Canada. + +The Executive and sub-Committees held a meeting immediately after the +session of the General Body, and the following officers were appointed: +D. D. G. M. Gilbert Murdoch, Chairman; R. Radford Barnes, Treasurer; +and John E. Hughes, Secretary. The meeting then adjourned, and all +future sessions of committee were ordered to take place in Room No. 9, +Park Hotel, where the three heads of the Department of Relief would hold +daily meetings, receive reports, and supply all assistance needed by the +brethren. The system has worked admirably. The greatest secrecy has been +observed, and no one outside of the Committee know even the names of the +brethren who are being helped in the hour of need. The greatest care is +being exercised in searching out distress, and no one can ever tell the +immense amount of good which this society is doing. Relief from Lodges +and brethren continue to come in rapidly, and all moneys are deposited +in Maclellan & Co.'s banking house, and subject to withdrawal by check. +Up to this time, Aug. 20th, the following sums have been received.-- + + Moncton, N.B., Prince Albert Lodge $100 00 + Bangor, Maine, Oddfellows 400 00 + Boston, Mass, Howard Lodge 100 00 + Charlottetown, P. E. I. 250 00 + Summerside, P. E. I., Prince Edward Lodge 100 00 + Fredericton, N.B., Victoria Lodge 320 00 + Ontario, Grand Lodge, per J. B. King 400 00 + Cannington, Ontario, Peaceful Hope Lodge 50 00 + Pictou, N.S., Eastern Star Lodge 200 00 + Memphis, Tenn. 300 00 + Chicago, Ill. 500 00 + Montreal, Quebec, Mizpah Lodge 50 00 + Haverhill, Maine, Mutual Relief Lodge 100 00 + Oldtown, Maine, Torratine Lodge 115 00 + Dover, Maine, Kineo Lodge 50 00 + Brampton, Ontario, Golden Star Lodge 50 00 + Portland, Maine, Oddfellows 487 00 + Oshawa, Ontario, Corinthian Lodge 50 00 + Chicago, Ill., Northern Light Lodge 10 00 + Portland, N.B., Peerless Lodge 140 00 + Stratford, Ontario, Aaron Lodge 25 00 + Granville Ferry, N.S., Guiding Star Lodge 30 00 + Goderich, Ontario, Huron Lodge 80 00 + Spring Hill, N.S., Eureka Lodge 50 00 + Petitcodiac, N.B., E. J. Ritchie 1 00 + Woonsocket, R. I., Palestine Encampment 10 00 + Lewiston, Maine, Golden Rule Lodge 125 00 + Belleville, Ontario, Belleville Lodge 50 00 + Stellarton, N.S., Fuller Lodge 50 00 + Vale Colliery, N.S., Moore Lodge 50 00 + Staynor, Ontario, North Star Lodge 30 00 + Eureka, California, Humboldt Lodge 50 00 + Toronto, Canada Lodge 50 00 + Rhode Island, per J. F. Driscoll 200 00 + St. Catharines, Ont., Union Lodge 100 00 + + +SUPPLIES. + + Charlottetown, P. E. I., Bedding and Provisions. + Portland, Maine, 4 cases Clothing + + +LIST OF DONATIONS. + + +MONEY RECEIVED. + + Amherst, N S $500 00 + Augusta, Me 1000 00 + Annapolis, N S 554 00 + Accident Ins Co, Canada 200 00 + Aberfoyle, Ontario 200 00 + Armstrong, Ed (New York) 5 00 + Albert Mines, N B 115 00 + Ayer, Ontario 200 00 + Attleboro', Mass, Methodist S School 15 00 + Arichat, N S 367 00 + Boston 5000 00 + Boston Felt-roofing Co 100 00 + Bank of British North America 2433 33 + Bathurst, N B 400 00 + Brantford, Ont 1000 00 + Brockville, Ont 500 00 + Bath, Me 1300 00 + Bayside, St Andrews, N B 90 00 + Brockville, Midland Counties 200 00 + Brookville, N S 5 23 + Bell, Mr., Dublin, Ireland 486 67 + Boardman, Gorham, New York 100 00 + Boynton High School Children, Eastport, Me 2 38 + Bangor, Me 7000 00 + Beveridge, B. & Sons, Andover, N B 100 00 + Bridgetown, N S 393 92 + Bridgetown, Me., Congregational Church 14 65 + Bowmanville, Ont 300 00 + Beder, S, New York 4 00 + Bucksport, Me 320 00 + Billing, W W, New London, Conn 100 00 + Burt & Henshaw, Boston 50 00 + Buffalo Board of Trade 332 68 + Buffalo School Children 1000 00 + Borgan, Capt, ship "Tros" 5 00 + Baltimore, Md 541 97 + Boston, Theatre Benefit 886 03 + Belfast, Me 524 00 + Bowman, J L, Brownsville, Penn 25 00 + Blanchard, Chas, Truro, N S 10 00 + Boyd, John E, Three Rivers, Quebec 10 00 + Baird, John, & Co's Employes, Alamonte 13 00 + Berlin, Ontario 300 00 + Chicago Union Stock Yards 1200 00 + Chicago Clearing House 1000 00 + Chicago Produce Exchange 1000 00 + Chicago Board of Trade 5274 10 + Chicago City 10,000 00 + Charlottetown, P E I 5000 00 + Canning, N S 279 90 + Clarke, Dodge & Co, N Y 250 00 + Canada Screw Co, Dundas, Ont 200 00 + Canada Life Ins Co 500 00 + Crerar, Capt W G, Pictou, N S 50 00 + Carleton County Council, N B. 1000 00 + Clarke, Ontario, Municipality of 400 00 + Campbell, J W, Chicago, Ill 50 00 + Commercial Union Ins Co 2500 00 + Citizen's Hose Co, St Catharines, Ont 200 00 + Carmody, Rev Canon, Windsor, N S 10 00 + Caton, Judge, Ottawa, Ill 50 00 + Campbellton, N B 147 00 + Clifton, Ont 300 00 + Chatham, N B 700 00 + Crain, Marshall, Brunswick, Me 25 00 + Chatham, Ont 500 00 + Chatham, Ont, Masonic Concert 169 18 + Clinton, Me, Masonic Service 53 00 + Cornwall, Ont 300 00 + Dominion Government 20,000 00 + Dorchester, N B 615 00 + Digby, N S 700 00 + Dalhousie, N B 200 00 + Dublin, Lord Mayor of 486 67 + Dover, Me 245 75 + Detroit, Mich 1000 00 + Dominion Organ Co, Bowmanville, Ont 102 00 + Dungannon, Ont., Orangemen 29 10 + Elliot National Bank, Boston 647 00 + Eldon, Ont 500 00 + Fredericton, N B 8000 00 + Fuller & Fuller, Chicago 50 00 + Flanagan, R J, Newcastle, N B 5 00 + Fredericton Lime Rock Church 24 00 + Fowler J & G, Charlottetown, P E I 100 00 + Fox J J, Magdalen Islands, per J V Ellis 25 00 + Galt, Ont 500 00 + Guelph, Ont 1000 00 + Garringe, Wm, Chicago 4 25 + Glasgow, Scotland 14,600 00 + Grand Rapids "friend" 1 00 + Guysborough, N S 121 00 + Grace Church, Detroit, Mich 97 42 + Gloucester, Mass 100 00 + Grey County Council, Ont 500 00 + Galt Churches 674 17 + Grant, Capt I I F, Bermuda 5 00 + Halifax, N S Bay 1 08 + Halifax, N S 10,000 00 + Hawson, John Gloucester 5 00 + Hallowell 500 00 + Hamilton, Ont 13,900 00 + Hamilton, C C, Cornwallis, N S 5 00 + Harvey N B 15 00 + Halifax Garrison 564 71 + House of Commons, Ottawa 1000 00 + House of Commons Clerks 150 00 + Harrington Methodist E C, Me 20 00 + Howe Scale Co 250 00 + Hillsboro, N B 60 00 + Haldimand 200 00 + Hartford, Conn 42 00 + Imperial Fire Ins Co 2433 33 + Johnson, John C, 250 00 + International Mines, N S 100 00 + Kingston, Ont 1584 00 + Knox Church, Hamilton Ont 100 00 + Knox Church, Woodstock, N B 185 25 + Liverpool, England 14,600 00 + London, Ont 5000 00 + Lawrence, Mass 500 00 + Liverpool, N S 819 27 + Lynn, Ont, Presbyterian Church 20 20 + Londonderry, N S 15 00 + Lincoln Methodist E Church 5 00 + Lincoln, Me 500 00 + Louisburg, C B 27 00 + Lawrencetown, "from a friend" 10 00 + Lewiston, Me 500 00 + Meahan, T, Boston 5 00 + Moncton, N B 1300 00 + Mount Vernon, Iowa, "friend" 1 00 + Malden, Mass Congregational Church, 15 26 + Maritime Association, New York 6800 00 + Manchester, England 3660 00 + Magee, Thos, Baie Verte 50 00 + Mongaup Valley N Y, per Rev. W Ferrie 33 30 + McIntosh, J S, Boston 50 00 + McLean, Rev. James, Londonderry, N S 2 00 + New York, Providence and Stonington Line 500 00 + New York 8500 00 + Newcastle and Douglastown, N B 1000 00 + North Sydney 400 00 + New Haven Chamber of Commerce 823 76 + Nutting, G. S. Newton Mass 1 00 + New Glasgow, N S 1000 00 + North British and Mercantile Ins Co 2433 33 + New Bedford, Mass 500 00 + New York Stock Exchange 772 50 + Norwich, Ontario 100 00 + Nantucket Women 50 00 + Odell, D S, Eastport, Me 10 00 + Ottawa Custom House Officials 180 00 + Orillia, St James' Church 20 00 + Oak Park, Chicago, Ill 100 00 + Philadelphia 5500 00 + Parrsboro, N S 100 00 + Portland, Maine 6000 00 + Peterboro', Ontario 3124 00 + Palmer & Embury, New York 50 00 + Paris, Ontario 600 00 + Pictou, N S 1232 46 + Port Hope, Ontario 1034 20 + Port Latour, N S 68 27 + Portsmouth, N.H 697 00 + Peel County Council, Ontario 1000 00 + Rogers, J H, Boston 100 00 + Rice, N W & Co, Boston 100 00 + Richibucto, N B 410 00 + Rosamond Woollen Co 50 00 + Raymond, Percy J, Hebron, Yarmouth 1 00 + River John, Pictou Co, N S 381 50 + Rogers' Hill, N S 40 36 + Sarnia, Ontario 1050 00 + St Andrews, N B 650 00 + Sayer & Co, Cognac, France 200 00 + Sackville, N B 312 58 + Smith, Mrs M W, Ipswich, Mass 25 00 + Sherbrooke, Ont 1000 00 + St George, N B 200 00 + Summerside, P E I 1500 00 + St Thomas, Ontario 500 00 + San Francisco, "Caledonia Club" 500 00 + San Francisco 5600 00 + Salem, Mass 770 00 + St Catharines, Ont 500 00 + Sargent Ignatius, Machias, Me 25 00 + Springhill Mines 200 00 + Sternberg, J H, Penn 25 00 + Shediac, N B, Amateur Comedy Club 11 00 + St Martin's, N B 302 62 + St Clements, Annapolis 20 00 + Springfield, Mass, Children 14 00 + Storer & Son, Glasgow, Scotland 121 76 + St Matthew's Church, Quebec 100 00 + Stratford, Ontario 564 00 + Sons of Temperance, Detroit, Michigan 300 00 + Toronto, Ontario 20,000 00 + Truro, N S 2000 00 + Todd, Edw & Co, per J & A McMillan 25 00 + Trites, J S, Sussex, N B 8 00 + Thurlow F, per A C Smith 85 00 + Titus, Erastus 25 00 + Telegraph Operator, St John 5 00 + Thamesville 2 00 + Uniacke, R J, Annapolis, N S 36 20 + Victoria Municipality, N B 200 00 + "Valley City" Lodge I O O F, Dundas, Ontario 105 00 + Whitby, Ontario 200 00 + Williston, Edward, Newcastle, N B 50 00 + Windsor, N S 4287 32 + Woodstock, N B 200 00 + " " Methodist Church 30 00 + W C B & G H F, Custom House, Ottawa 2 00 + Weymouth East, N S Congregational Sunday School 20 00 + Welland Co, Ontario 600 00 + Westmoreland Coal Company, Philadelphia 100 00 + Walker, J & Co, Montreal 250 00 + Wilkins, Judge, of Nova Scotia 80 00 + Wentworth Co, Ontario 1000 00 + Waterloo Council 200 00 + Walker & Sons, Hiram 200 00 + Yarmouth, N S 836 73 + York County Council, Ontario 3000 00 + + +SENT TO MESSRS. DANIEL & BOYD FOR DISTRIBUTION. + + W W Turnbull, Esq, St John, $200 + G N Vanwart, Esq, Woodstock 100 + Daniel Hawkesworth, Esq, Digby 20 + B Rosamond, Esq, Almonte, Ont. 50 + Messrs. Loch & Co., New York 50 + Messrs. James McLaren Nephews, Manchester £100 Stg + Messrs. Marshall & Aston, Manchester 50 Stg + + +SENT TO JOHN BOYD, ESQ, FOR DISTRIBUTION. + + James H Moran, Esq, St John, $100 + Hon. Isaac Burpee, 100 + Thos. Furlong, Esq, 50 + Canada Life Assurance Co. 500 + Thomas Nelson & Son, Edinburgh £50 Stg + This last through Dr. Rand, for teachers + Clothing from St Andrews Church, Montreal, by + Rev. Gavin Lang, value $280 + George Sloane, Esq, New York U S C 50 + Sent to Thos. Maclellan, Esq, from the Upper + Canada Bible Society, the Scriptures to the + value of 500 + Liberal offers of books were sent to J & A + McMillan, to form the nucleus of a public + library, from the publishing houses of + Belford Bros, Toronto; Harper & Bros, + New York. + I Atwood Barnes, of New Haven, Conn, sends + through Gen. Warner 29 + Capt. Ezekiel Jones, of Baltimore, sends + by Thos S Adams, 50 + From Charlotte Co, N B, Bocabec, $41 75, + Elmville, Dig'deguash, $21 40, Bay Side, + $41 10, Waweig, $16. 120 + W & T Spink, Duffin's Creek, Ont, send + through Hall & Fairweather 50 + Mrs A Robinson, of Fredericton Junction, on + behalf of the ladies of that place sends, + through Everitt & Butler, a parcel of + children's underclothing. + + +SUPPLIES RECEIVED. + + Amherst, N S, Supplies to value of $600 00 + Annapolis, N S, Supplies 742 37 + "Argus" H M S, by order of Admiral, provisions + Adams, Mrs Robt, Fall River, N Y, clothing + Alberton, P E I, supplies + Andover, N B, provisions + Andrews, A A, clothing + Avard, Wm, Botsford, N B, pork + Boston, Per "Gallatin" 2 cargoes supplies + Boston, Per W S MacFarlane, supplies + " Per Schr "G. G. Jewett," supplies, clothing, blankets. + Burnham & Morrill, Portland, Me, provisions + Barnard, E A & Sons, Calais, Me, provisions + Burns & Murray, Halifax, N S, supplies + Bridgetown, N S, clothing + Bangor, Me, supplies + Beals, Thos P, Portland, Me, spring-beds + Beer, E & W, Charlottetown, P E I, clothing + Boston, Y M C A, supplies + Billings & Wetmore, tea + Blouchard, Chas, Truro, N S, supplies + Bowmanville Ladies, clothing + Baird, John & Co, Almonte, clothing + Bowmanville, Ontario, 1 case clothing + + Chicago Union Stockyards supplies to amount $3000 00 + Charlottetown, P E I, supplies and clothing + Charlottetown, P E I, ladies, 2 cases clothing + Cummings, Wm & Sons, Truro, N S, supplies + Calkin, B H, Kentville, N S, clothing + Christian Temperance Union, Moncton, N B, three cases clothing + Cowdry, E T & Co, Boston, Mass, supplies + County Line, P E I, supplies + Christie, Brown & Co, Toronto, supplies + Campbellton, N B, supplies + Coats, J P, Chicago, clothing + Chatham, N B, supplies + Cambridge Queen's Co, N B, 47 Blankets + Crawford, Jas, & Co, Toronto, supplies + + Dorchester, N B supplies + Derring, Milliken & Co, Portland, Me, two cases blankets + Digby, N S, supplies + Darling, Adam, Montreal, supplies + Dover, Me, supplies + + Ellsworth, Me, ladies seven packages clothing + Fredericton, N B, two cases cooked provisions + Fredericton, ladies, five cases clothing + Fredericton, N B, large quantities supplies + Fletcher & Co, Portland, Me, provisions + + Galbraith, Christie & Co, Toronto, supplies + + Halifax, N S, 2525 blankets + Halifax, N S, large quantities supplies + Halifax, N S, 50 stoves + Halifax, N S, ladies' committee, supplies + Humphreys, N, Petitcodiac, N B, supplies + Herritt, T, " " supplies + Heney, A, New York, supplies + Hampton, N B, supplies + Hallowell, clothing + Harris, J & C, Moncton, supplies + Hay, R & Co, Toronto, carload bedsteads + Hillsborough, N B, supplies + Harvey, N B, supplies + Howe Spring Bed Co, New York, 50 beds + Jennings & Clay, Halifax, clothing + Jones, D F, & Co, Gananoque, Ont, supplies + Jodoin & Co, Montreal, 15 stoves + Kentville, N S, supplies + Lockport, N S, clothing + Lewis, J T, & Co, Portland, Me, clothing + Lawrencetown, N S, 29 packages clothing + Lawrencetown, N S, J W James, clothing + Leavitt, F A, Portland, Me, one tent + Leath & Gore, Portland, Me, 16 boxes soap + Londonderry, N S, supplies + Lewis, W N, Boston, one gross liniment + Lukeman, John R, Salem, Mass, supplies + Lugsden, J & J, Toronto, 25 straw hats + Moncton, N B, supplies + Montreal, per Hon P Mitchell, 17 carloads supplies + Montreal, large quantity supplies + Montreal, 36 packages clothing + Milltown, N B, provisions + Moss, S H & J, Montreal, 2 cases clothing + Malone Bay, clothing + McGuiness, P, & Co, Montreal, one bale blankets + McLean & Blaikie, Londonderry, N S, supplies + New York, supplies + Newcastle & Donglastown, N B, supplies + North Sydney, cargo of coal + New Haven United Workers, clothing + Norcross, Miller & Lee, Boston, clothing + Ottawa Ladies' Committee, supplies + O'Brien, James, Montreal, clothing + Portland, Maine, large quantities supplies + Primrose & Co, J W M, Halifax, 5 barrels flour + Power, J F & Co, Montreal, 50 barrels flour + Paul, M L, Syracuse, supplies + Pierce, E, and Co, per "Gallatin," furniture + Piper, Henry, Toronto, supplies + Philadelphia Maritime Exchange, clothing + Quebec, supplies + Quincy, Ill, 50 barrels meal and 50 barrels flour + Riddell, John, Montreal, clothing + St. Andrews, N B, supplies + Sackville, N B, supplies + " " stoves + Shaw Bros, St John, N B, bread + Scotch Bakery, St John, N B, bread + Sussex, N B, 1 carload provisions + Smith, Mrs. M W, Ipswich, Mass, supplies + Saratoga, N Y, supplies + Salem, Mass, supplies and clothing + Salem, Mass, "Fraternity," clothing + Salem Y M C A, supplies + Shediac, N B, supplies + Stewart, C J, Amherst, N S, supplies + St Clements, Annapolis, N S, supplies + Saratoga Springs, N Y, clothing + Toronto, Ontario, large quantity of supplies + Toronto Ladies' Committee, quantity of supplies + Tupper, Hon Chas, C B, Toronto, supplies + Toronto Coal Mining Co, 250 tons coal + Temple, Mrs, Fredericton, N B, clothing + True, Geo W, Portland, Me, 5 barrels flour and 5 barrels meal + Thompson & Bligh, Halifax, N S, supplies + Truro, N S, supplies + Thurston, Hall & Co, Cambridgeport, Mass, 5 bls flour + Unitarian Parish, Portsmouth, N H, clothing + Upper Canada Furniture Co, Bowmanville, 50 bedsteads + Upper Clarence, N S, Supplies + Unitarian Society of Dedham, Mass, supplies + Upper Canada Trundle Bed Co, beds + Vincent & McFate, St John, shoes and slippers + Wetmore Bros, London, Ontario, 20 bls oil + Wilson Packing Co, New York, 50 cases beef + Woodstock, N B, per Connell & Hay, supplies + Woodstock, N B, supplies + Wolfville, N S, clothing and supplies + Warman Bros, London, Ontario, 20 bls flour + Waterman, Bros., London, Out., 20 bls oil + Woodcock, A, Toronto, supplies + Yarmouth, N S, supplies + Y. M. C. Union, Boston, 6 cases clothing + + +THE PROPERTY OWNERS. + +The following is a list of persons whose properties were destroyed. +Where the number of houses owned by each is more than one, it is so +stated: + + +NORTH MARKET SLIP. + + Heirs Dougald McLauchlin + G Sidney Smith + Heirs R L Hazen + G W Gerow + + +NORTH STREET. + + Wm Kievenar (2) + + +SMYTH STREET. + + Geo Moore + Heirs P McManus + P McCourt + P McDevitt + Thos Sheehan + Peter Bone + Mrs Kievenar + Maloney + D Rooney + J Dunlop + J C Brown estate + Heirs Chas Brown + Margaret S Robertson (6) + Mrs Espy + + +DRURY LANE. + + Mrs Ann Leonard + Heirs John Ansborough + John Allen + Wm County + Jas Morrow + John Donovan + Heirs Henry Graham (2) + Heirs Thos Daley + Heirs Helen O'Leary + Thos Hourihan + Ed Mullin (2) + John Holland + Catherine Healy + Margaret McCarron + Heirs John Bryden + +MILL STREET. + + Mrs Mary Ann Carleton + W Finn + Robert Grace (2) + John Lloyd (2) + Heirs John Frost + Heirs E Lawrence + Thos A Rankine + Thos A and Alex Rankine + John Bellony + Thos A Peters (2) + Mrs Ann Leonard + A G Kearns + John Allen + J Brittain + James Morrow + John Ryan + Ed Hayes + + +GEORGES STREET. + + Heirs Peter Sinclair + Thos A and Alex Rankine + Michael Burke + S R Foster + Michael Dineen + Heirs Wm Sullivan (2) + + +DOCK STREET. + + John McSweeney (2) + John O'Gorman + Heirs B Ferguson + Johanna R Ritchie + Heirs F W Hatheway + Heirs Wm Hammond + James Dever + Heirs John Stanton + Henry Melick + Heirs John Melick + Robt Robertson + Heirs Hugh Johnston + Thomas Parks (2) + Heirs ---- Robertson + W F Butt + Otis Small + J W & G H Lawrence + Trustees Varley School + R Grace (2) + S J & W D Berton + Heirs Elijah Barker + D Moynehan + Joshua Corkery + John Gallivan + + +HARE'S WHARF. + + Margaret Hare. + + +ROBERTSON PLACE. + + Mary Allan Almon. + + +FIRE PROOF ALLEY. + + Heirs of Benjamin Smith. + Wm Carvill. + + +NORTH MARKET WHARF. + + Eliza Robertson. + John Kirk. + D. J. McLaughlin. + J. Hendrick. + R. P. McGivern. + Heirs of John Duncan. + George F. Smith. + Heirs of D. J. McLaughlin. + J. V. Thurgar. + Hannah A. Bates. + Diocesan Church Society. + Heirs of George Bonsall. + + +NELSON STREET. + + Jane Inches + Jos R Stone + James Lawton + Eliza Robertson + John Fitzpatrick + B R Lawrence + Mrs William Hammond + Ed T B Lawton + Wm Scovil + W H Brown + Chas Lawton + Heirs of B Smith + Heirs of D J McLaughlin + Fred Fitzpatrick + George Carvill + Benj Lawton + + +SOUTH WHARF. + + Heirs H W Wilson + Heirs of Thos Merritt + J H Allen + Jas Trueman + G C Wiggins + W Scovil + Barbour Bros + Heirs T Gilbert + G S DeForest + H & B S Gilbert + J E Masters + Heirs I L Bedell + J & R Reed + Heirs of B Smith (2) + + +WARD STREET AND WALKER'S WHARF. + + Heirs of B Smith + W B Smith + G S DeForest + Mrs Catherine McNamara + M Lawrence + John Mitchell + Gallagher Young + Turnbull & Co + Heirs of J Walker + H & B S Gilbert + B R Lawrence + Wm Breeze + Wm M B Firth (3) + William Meneally + W T Betts + + +JOHNSON'S WHARF. + + Hall & Fairweather + Heirs John Walker + John Wishart + W A Robertson + + +DISBROW'S WHARF. + + Magee Bros. + +WATER STREET. + + Sarah A and Jane Tisdale + Wm B Jack + W W Turnbull + James Harris & Co + G Carvill + The City (3) + Henry Brennan + W A Robertson + Mrs Louisa Hanford (2) + Alex Keith (2) + James E Holstead + Henry Vaughan + Archibald Rowan + Bank of New Brunswick + Heirs E Stephens (2) + Heirs Richard Sands + Heirs Andrew Hastings + B R Lawrence + B S & H Gilbert + Allan Brothers + James Ferrie + Heirs John Walker, (3) + Magee Bros + Chas Merritt (4) + J & R Reed (2) + Geo McLeod + Heirs Wm McKay + Norris Best + Heirs G L Lovitt + Geo G and Thos Chubb, + Thos Furlong + Stephen Whittaker + Heirs Wm Parks + Heirs J M Robinson + + +MARKET SQUARE. + + Heirs J M Walker + Heirs John Wilmot + Daniel & Boyd + Heirs Thomas Merritt + J N McManus + J. Melick + Richard Thompson + + +PRINCE WILLIAM STREET. + + Ed Sears + The City (4) + Henry McCullough + Maritime Bank + Heirs John Gillis + Mrs. John Kinnear + Isaac Burpee + Heirs John Ennis + Heirs Noah Disbrow + Heirs S Nichols (2) + John Armstrong + L H Vaughan + J L Dunn + John Anderson + J & A McMillan + Heirs of J M Walker + F A Wiggins + Heirs Jane Boyd + Bank of Nova Scotia + Maria S Bayard + A B Barnes + Heirs Geo. L. Lovitt + Hugh Davidson + Nathan Green + Susan and Phoebe Purdy + Mrs John McIntyre + Patrick McArdle + Wm Cotter (2) + Heirs F Ferguson + T F Raymond + Thos McAvity + Heirs Thomas Pettingill + Heirs James Pettingill + Heirs Ed Finnegan + Robt S Hyke + John Foster (2) + John McCoskery + Moses Lawrence + Chas King + Geo A Freeze + Robt Pengilly + Heirs Thomas Reed + Heirs Wm McFadden + C E Robinson + C E Harding + Joggins Coal Mining Association + W H Hatheway + Wm Blizzard + Heirs Wm McKay + Rev Wm Scovil + J J Kaye + Dominion of Canada (2) + Hanford Estate (2) + P Morrissey + Wm Finn + Ann Thomas + John Tilton + Henry Vaughan and heirs Simonds & Vaughan + Ellis & Armstrong + Chas Merritt (3) + Charlotte Gibbons + Bank of New Brunswick + Heirs H Chubb (4) + Heirs Ambrose Perkins + Heirs Wm Major + Heirs J M Walker + Rich S & J S Boes DeVeber + Jessie H Nickerson + Alex Jardine + Heirs Richard Sands + John Hegan + Heirs John Hastings + Robt Douglas + Heirs Benjamin Longmuir + Daniel & Boyd + + +CANTERBURY STREET. + + W G Lawton + John Vassie + A G Bowes + Jas O'Connor + Heirs W H Owens + Sarah Owens + A R Wetmore + Jas Walker + Willis & Mott + North British and Mercantile Insurance Co + Thos R Jones (3) + Geo V Nowlin + Geo. Moore + Heirs D J McLaughlin + + +GERMAIN STREET. + + Heirs John Ward (2) + Heirs W Tisdale + Jas E White + Rector and Wardens Trinity Church + John A Anderson + D J McLaughlin, Jr (2) + Ed Sears (2) + Trustees Wesleyan Methodist Church (2) + Trustees St John Grammar School (2) + Trustees St Andrew's Kirk + Victoria Hotel + Otis Small and Moses Lawrence + Heirs Edwin Bayard + H R Ranney + John McMillan (2) + Heirs Robertson Bayard + Heirs Sam'l Seeds (3) + Trustees Home for the Aged + Trustees Germain Street Baptist Church (2) + John Harding (2) + John Chaloner + Mrs Duncan Robertson + Heirs Wm Hammond (3) + Wm Thomas + W C Perley + Chas Phillips + Heirs G E S Keator + Jas Miller (2) + Caleb Larkins + Heirs Donald Cameron + Wm J Stevens + Heirs Alex Balloch + Mrs Samuel Seeds + J W Climo + Chas R Ray + J R Ruel + Mrs H Johnston + Heirs Thos Parks (2) + Heirs Ed Ketchum + Heirs Lachlan Donaldson (2) + Wm Bayard + Alex Sime + Jos Bullock + Jas Lawton + Wm Davidson + Academy of Music Co + Wm Breeze + J C Hatheway + Geo V Nowlin (3) + Heirs Dan Leavitt + James H Peters (4) + Trustees Mrs Alexander + Robt Robertson + Heirs D J McLaughlin + S K Foster (3) + + +CHARLOTTE STREET. + + Chas Merritt + John Holden + James Vernon + Dr L McLaren + Dr John Berryman + Mary L Wheeler + P Doherty + James Mason + Mrs T Coughlan + S Corbitt + S Hayward + Mary A and heirs Samuel Crawford + Eliza Chapman + Johannah Dacey and heirs + Timothy Dacey + Thos Welly + John Farren + Heirs Benj Longmuir + Heirs Francis McAvenney + Heirs Wm Potts + C E Harding + Pugsley, Crawford & Pugsley + Wm Breeze + R P McGivern + Jas Vernon + Agnes Stewart (2 houses) + John Marvin + S Smith + John Watson + Charlotte Stevens + T McAvity (2) + W McDermott + Alexander and heirs R Jardine + Maritime Sewing Machine Co + A McDermott + J Fisher, Sr + J McGivern + Dominion of Canada + John Sandall + J D McAvity + H Duffell + Mary and heirs Peter Fleming (2) + M Flood + Kate Mulherrin + H Maxwell (3) + Wm White + W H Harrison + John Fielders + Wm McAuley + Jane Murray + Eliza McLaughlin + Louisa Hanford + John D Devoe (3) + Nancy Hazen + Ann D Thompson + James Williams + Wm Davidson + Mary Earley + Mrs Fred James + P Besnard Sr + Geo Stockford + John Lawson + John Nugent + D Mullin + Rev A Wood + James H Pullen + John Berryman Sr (3) + J O Miller + Jas Langell + Corporation Trinity Church (3) + G Prescott (3) + J Guthrie and B Hevenor + G Williams + J D Gaynor (2) + John Winters (2) + + +SYDNEY STREET. + + Dr Travers + W J B Marter (2) + T C Humbert + John McBrine + Roman Catholic Bishop (3) + Geo V Nowlin (2) + Ed McAleer + E Kinsman + Trustees Reformed Presbyterian Church + W S Marvin + William Davidson + John Anderson + Susan Dobson + William Meneally + George J Coster + R Gregory + M Flood + J R Armstrong + Wm Wedderburn + N Best + H Thomas + John Murray + J Knox + Wm Burns (2) + Robt McKay + E M S Stewart (3) + Wm Vassie + T W Peters + E L Perkins + R Rolston + Sarah McRory + John Carney + Alex Kearns + Ellen Mooney + Coldwell Howard + Jas Lemon + Sarah Taylor + Elizabeth Robbins (2) + J D Vanwart + Ann Wane (2) + Dominion of Canada + John McAnulty + Alex McDermott + Mary Clark and heirs + John Clark + C Longstroth + R W Crookshanks + E L Perkins + Chas Hillan + S K F James + Margt Maloney + W Morrison + M McAleer (2) + S J Lauckner + J Milligan (2) + John Gray + Trustees St David's Church + E Richey + Rebecca Schoular and heirs + David Marshall + L S Currie + James Vernon (2) + Wm B Aitkin + Robt McIntyre & Co + J L Taylor + D J Laughlan + Henry Jack + + +HORSFIELD STREET. + + J H Pullen + Mrs W McKay (2) + P Besnard (2) + John Lowe (2) + Ellen McAvenney + John Nugent (2) + Sophia McLean + Mary Durant + Thos Bedell + Catherine Noyes + M Perry + Knox & Thompson + W Breeze + + +HARDING STREET. + + R Carleton + Mary Donahey + Sarah Gillis (2) + John Wilson (2) + Mary Richard + Neil Morrison + Geo Henderson + James O'Connor (3) + Wm McDermott (2) + Heirs J W Young (2) + + +PAGAN PLACE. + + Joseph Sulis + Louisa Donald + Mrs Emma Allison + A L Palmer + Moses Lawrence (2) + R Leonard + Chas S Taylor + S G Blizard + + +ST. ANDREW'S STREET. + + T W Peters (2) + R Gaskin + H Aldbone + John Kee (2) + James Gilmour + James Ritchey + John Ritchie + James Sterling (2) + John Wishart + Margaret Suffren + E Woodley + John McCaffery + Robert Wetsell + + +CARMARTHEN STREET. + + Ann Cronin + Elizabeth and Samuel Gardner + Heirs Aaron Eaton (3) + H A Austin + George E King + Charles Barnes + Mary A Ward + E E Lockhart + James Adams (3) + J D Lorimer + Samuel Ferguson (2) + Geo P Johnston (3) + Hugh Bell + Catherine Bonnell + James Hill (2) + W D Carron + James Muldoon + Gas Light Co. + Trustees Methodist Church + Trustees Orphan Asylum + Margaret O'Neil (2) + James McKinney + James Crockford + Mary Ann Pointer + Daniel Smith + John Kirk (2) + Samuel Dunham (two) + Alex Steen + S Scribner + Daniel Doyle + Mary Doyle + John Kirkpatrick + -- Smith + H S Normansell + Jane Carson + Catherine Nagle + R Evans + John Richey + Thomas Rankine + Thomas Doyle + John Wilson + Chas McLean + J Henderson + H Henderson + Rev J R Narraway + Andrew Kenney + L H Waterhouse + Wm Nixon + D Driscoll + R Wetsell + George Sparrow & J S Richardson + Wm Finley + + +WENTWORTH STREET. + + E E Lockhart + Thos Dobson + G Sparrow + George Blatch + C Sparrow (2) + J W Fleming + H Whiteside + John Fitzpatrick + H Coffey + M Barnes + C Flaherty + C E Sulis + B P Price (3) + James Moulson (2) + John A Anderson + B McDermott + R B Emerson + J T Barnes + George Doherty (2) + C Cathers (2) + Alex Steen + William Hill (2) + Knox and Thompson (4) + John Carr + + +MAIN STREET. + + John E Turnbull (4) + John Woodley + J G Jordan + A Steen (2) + J Tole + James O'Brien + Wm Bowden + Wm Coxetter & Michael Tucker + T M Reed + Sarah L Collins (2) + D McDermott + P Vanhorn + James Mahoney (3) + James Moulson + Jane Halcrow + L Markie + G J Sulis (2) + Wm Lewis + J & R Magee + J W Nicholson + G R Bent (2) + A L Rawlins + D Knight + F Mahoney + Ed Thurmott + Wm McKinney + Archibald Dibblee + George Thomas + John Guthrie + Mary Ann Ratcliff + James McKinney + O V Troop + Rector and Wardens St James' Church + C Langstroth + Andrew Armstrong + + +BRITAIN STREET. + + Sarah McFadden + Jane Barbour + John Collins + John Scott + H Spears + Thos Miller + Thos McCullough + Thos Crozier + Jas Price + Wm J Colson + P McGonagle + C Larkins + H W Purdy + E Murray + Heirs D Hatfield + Jas McAvity + Wm Furlong + John Abbott + John Bartlett + Albert Peters + Mrs O'Keefe + Geo Garraty + B Coxetter + E Thompson + Margaret McPartland + F Stewart + D Jordan (2) + Wm Ennis + Jas Nicholson + Robt Barbour + Albert Betts + W H Purdy + C Merritt (3) + Geo W Belyea + J Jardine + Jas Gorman + J Moore (2) + Lawrence McMann (2) + J Packthall + F M Hancock + C J Ward + Mrs Jas Bell + W H Hatheway + John Hutchinson + Peter Besnard, Sr (3) + R Johnston (2) + J Hayes + Neil Hoyt + N Carroll + M Barnes + Heirs L H DeVeber (2) + F Pheasant + A Doyle + R Dalton + W J Pratt + D Robinson + W A Magee + S McGarvey + Bridget Murphy + Thos Bisset + Bridget Farren + J George + Ed Duffy + J E Turnbull (2) + E Thompson (2) + John Moran (2) + John Crowley + W H Quinn (3) + F S Williams (2) + John Wishart + D J Schurman + Mary McCurdy + H Maxwell + S G Blizard + Thos Robinson + + +ST. JAMES STREET. + + O Cline + R Cline + J Kemp + John Bridges + W I Whiting + J McLarren + E Thompson + Patk McManus + Wm Leahy + S Rutherford + John Doody + John Sherrard + John Knowles + John Sears (3) + C Cain + Wm Furlong (2) + Bridget Murphy + John Watson + Thomas Viall + Geo Young + Jas Ellis + E L Perkins (2) + Wm Simpson + Alice McKean + P McGonagal + M Burk + Mrs Thos Hanlon + Samuel Fisher + Eliza Wilson + John Wilson, jr + J & A Campbell + D Sullivan + R Holmes + C Moriarty + John Runciman + Robt J Caldwell + W Casey + School Trustees + Rev William Scovil + John Fisher + John Cain + Rev Wm Scovil and Trustees of Wiggins' Orphan Asylum + J Drake + Wm Duffell + Thos White + Thos Pike + F P Robinson + John Winters + Jas Price + Wm Gilfillan + Jane White (2) + Wm Russell + Mrs David Millar + Heirs Thos King + P Condon + Jos Akroyd + David Stewart + Patrick Ferrie + Chas Osburn + Elizabeth Spence + Rev M Ritchey + Thos Kedey + Wm Lewis (3) + M Flood + John Wishart + John S Mullin + John Littler + Heirs Daniel Hatfield + Heirs F Dibblee + Purdy heirs + B Coxetter + T G Merritt + Heirs R Sands + Caleb Larkins + T F Raymond + Mrs Francis Clementson + D J Schurman + Thos Littlejohn + Chas Sinclair + John Callaghan + T M Reed + + +PITT STREET. + + Silas H Brown + Henry Lawlor + James Cummings + F Jordan + Rebecca Fisher + Ed K Fisher + D S Robinson + James Hewitt + C Lawton (2) + + +SHEFFIELD STREET. + + Gilbert estate + Matthew Thompson (2) + James Carr + E Vanhorn + James Brown + Heirs Geo McKelvie (2) + John A Anderson + R Robertson + Margaret Hennigar + Joseph Kimpson + Ferguson & Rankine (2) + Y M C Association + M McVane (2) + Robert Cunniff + John Kirk + Alex Harvey + Jane Wasson + Mrs. P. Riley + J H Anthony + John McCabe (2) + John Woodburn + C O'Keefe + Richd McCluskey + John Fisher + A McDermott + Purves & Moore + J Drake + E Magee + John Porter + Rector and Wardens St James' Church + Stephen & James Oakes + S Dunham + Mary Ann Pointer + Catherine O'Neal (2) + Daniel Smith + Joseph McCullough + McKelvey heirs + Trustees Methodist Church + David Dodge + Elizabeth Nixon + Lewis Wheaton + Geo Anning + Joseph Sulis + Jas Vanhorn + + +QUEEN SQUARE. + + Thos Furlong + Isaac Woodward + John Boyd + Geo B Cushing + R Cruikshanks + A L Palmer + Jas Manson (2) + W B Smith + John Horn + J W Barnes + D Robertson (2) + Mrs Charles Brown and heirs of Chas Brown + John Stewart + F. Tufts + John Tucker + H. Jack + E. L. Jewett. + + +QUEEN STREET. + + John Foster + R Longmaid + Thos P Davies + H. Hawkins + Jessie Day + Mrs Alex Dalsell + J H Harding + J U Thomas + Joseph Sulis + Geo Riley and heirs + Robt Riley (2) + J O'Connell + Wm Davis and heirs + John McNichol + Mary Bersay + John R McFarlane + James McCart (2) + Ed Edson + Mrs Jane McPherson + Heirs John Thomas + Hugh Kelly + S Benterell + John Hamilton + Margaret Homer + Heirs John Roberts + Geo S Fisher + Robt Turner + John McBrine (2) + R Cassidy (2) + Thos Jordan + D. S. Kerr + John Pettingill + C Flood (2) + Geo Suffren + Chas E Raymond + John Fitzpatrick + James Gallagher + Geo J. Nixon + A. Quick + Heirs R Bayard + R J Leonard + G F Soley (2) + Alex Steen + Hugh Carswell + Mrs John Millidge + H S Normansell + Heirs John Whitne + John Wilson, jr + John Wilson (2) + Margaret and heirs Joseph Hanley (2) + Thos Doyle + Andrew Evans + Robt Marshall + Wm Black + F M Hancock + Alex McKelvy + Wm Pike (2) + Heirs D J McLaughlin + J McFarlane + Thomas McAvity, jr + Robt Hickson + M Francis + D Brown + Mary Crothers and heirs John Crothers + Ann Thomas + Andrew Keohan + Mary Williams + John Scallon (2) + Simon Leonard + + +MECKLENBURG STREET. + + Jas Hutchinson and heirs Jos Stevenson (2) + Richard Longmaid + H Vaughan + John Vassie + Chas Maclean + Heirs James Whitney + Margaret Hillman + C McIver + Chas Whitney + John Dyers + Mary Dockrill + W M Jordan + Jas Emerson + Jas McNicholl + Heirs Joseph Atkins + Mary Ann McLean + F L Lewin + T W Seeds + Benj Dodge + John Ennis + John Dick + James Woodstock + Phoebe Bookhout + Martin Burns + Edward Purchase + Thos Dobson + Ann Atkins + Jas Knox + Francis Gallagher + Mathew Steen + Wm Causey + Geo V Nowlin + Andrew Armstrong + W McVay + Wm McKeel + Heirs Aaron Eaton + John Magee + William Magee + J. W Nicholson + J R Armstrong + + +DUKE STREET. + + P McArdle + Peter Flannigan + Mrs Francis Ferguson (2) + Joseph Bell + John McSorley (3) + Heirs R Bayard (2) + A Blain + Peter Besnard (3) + Mrs Livingstone + Mrs W Fraser + John Marven + S Tufts + J Shannon + O Bailey + Trustees Madras School + Seely & Besnard + R W Crookshank + Susan Stephenson + B Brennan (2) + Robt Thomson (2) + Samuel Gardner + Andrew Gilmour + R Robertson, jr + S K Brundage + Joseph Henderson + H Henderson + Wm H Randall + Wm McBay + J Wilkins, sen + J Wilkins, jr + Wm Francis + James Adams + Mrs Gilchrist + James Saunders + Wm Whitney + Sarah Partelow + Ed Purchase (2) + Robt S Jones + Geo Sparrow + Mary Ann McLean (2) + M Morrison + Charlotte Jones + Michael Burns + P Bushfan + William Wright + Heirs William Melody + Margaret Hartness + E Burnside + Howard D. Troop + John Marven + John Cook + James Adams + Sarah Ferguson + Heirs Edward Brundage (2) + W Stephens + Jacob Seely + Trustees Christian Church + John Wishart + L A Waterhouse + James Milligan + Sarah Jane Ferguson + George A Thompson + John Richards + W F Butt + Arthur Daniel (2) + Heirs Daniel Culbert + James Vernon + Mrs. Earley + Sarah Gillis + J. O'Connell + Peter Dearness + Heirs Michael McGuirk (2) + Ann Jane Ritchie + Geo Stockford + Caroline Wood + Hugh Davidson + Susan Chittick (2) + J & R Reed + + +ORANGE STREET. + + Wm Meneally + John Smith + Andrew Gray + M. Hennigar (2) + Andrew Kinney (2) + Jas Adams + W R MacKenzie + D G MacKenzie + W E Vroom + G E King + H D Troop + C W Weldon + A C Smith + R R Sneden + E J Barteaux + Joseph Prichard (4) + Jane Cook + James McLean + Catherine Allen + Thomas Johnston + Henry Lawlor + B Murphy + James E Whittaker + J R Woodburn + Z G Gabel + James Estey + Charles Drury + Emma J Daley + John Sweeney + J W Hall + G McLeod + J A Venning + R Blair + Margaret Sinnott + Heirs R McAfee + Heirs Wm Bailey + James Morrison + Heirs P Williams + + +PRINCESS STREET. + + Alexander Barnhill + W J Ritchie + E Thompson + Patrick Bradley + J C Hatheway + E Sears + P Fitzpatrick + Wm Burtis + A Buist + Jas Hunter + Knox & Thompson + John Burk + J H Lee, + Thos Rogers + John Anderson (2) + John Murphy + B Bustin + G Bent + Margaret Hunter + John Nugent + Mary Craig + James H Bartlett + Mrs David Miller + Thos Miller + James Bustin + Fred Dorman + O Doherty + Adam Young + C E Robinson + John Healey + John Gardner + Mrs Mary A & E E Lockhart (2) + Heirs of Geo A Lockhart + R W Thorne + H Williams + W Sandall + Robert McAndrews + James Robinson + Susan and heirs J Johnston + Ann Hamilton and heirs Clara Dean + William Fogg + Mary Ann Ellsworth + J V Troop + Simeon Jones + Alex Lockhart + Trustees Centenary Church (2) + Heirs John Mason + Heirs Thomas P Williams + W C Drury + J A Godsoe + D W Scammell + G Henderson + A W Whitney + T D Wilson + Mrs Ellen Smith + John Doherty + Trustees J S Turner + Thomas Bustin + P Halpin + B Paterson + Barbara Clark + W C Godsoe + James Trueman + Ed Willis + Joseph Miller + Robert Law + Geo Thomas + Judge Watters + Benj Lowe + H A Hatheway (2) + Harriet Trueman + W Walton + Geo Mathews (2) + S A Dixon + E M Merritt + Michael Thompson (2) + Rev Alex McL Stavely + H S Gregory + Helen York and Captain Thos York + John Anderson + Jas Sullivan + Geo F Thompson + J J Munro + J E Ganong + T G Merritt + Jane Woods + John Burke + Mrs Jas Drake + G C Wiggins + W H Hayward + M. N Powers + Catherine and heirs Michael Donnelly + F A Wiggins + Rev Mr McCarty + Trustees James Leitch + Charles Patton + + +LEINSTER STREET. + + F Cassidy + James Milligan + Lydia Gardner (2) + Joseph Edgar + Mrs Wallace + Mrs Samuel Bustin + Trustees of Baptist Church + Jane Rutherford + H L Francis + Mary Murray + Francis McDevitt + Trustees Varley School + Mrs E Lunt and heirs + Jos Lunt + A W Masters + Silas H Brown + James Sullivan + Mrs Lydia J Calhoun + Joseph Reed + W H & D Hayward + A H Eaton + John Corr + S K Foster + John Gallagher + Dennis Sullivan + Heirs Wm Bailey + Francis Hewitt (2) + John Roop (2) + Geo W Masters + G V Nowlin + Chas H Dearborn + G Merritt + Gilbert Murdoch + T C Humbert + John McBrine (2) + + +CHURCH STREET. + + G A Knodell + M Thompson + Geo Pattison + Thos S Wetmore + James H Peters + Mrs Jane Disbrow + Ellen Mahoney + Ed Maher + A Bowes + R T Clinch and heirs E Barlow + + +KING SQUARE. + + C M Bostwick + C Merritt + Trustees Irish Friendly Society + Heirs B Ansley + R Milligan + C A Robertson + + +KING STREET. + + Mrs John Gillis + Heirs John Gillis + James Manson + R T Clinch and heirs E Barlow + D J McLaughlin and heirs Daniel McLaughlin + S E Whittaker + James E Whittaker + Geo A Barker + Mrs Geo Taylor + John Dougherty + Heirs Wm Melick + Mrs John Hay + John Fisher + Wm Kennedy + Corporation of Trinity Church + Thos H Hall (2) + Samuel Schofield + Thomas Seely + Ann Howe + John Mitchell + Mary Piddler + Wm Peters + Heirs H Chubb + Joseph Nichols + James R Ruel & Robert Light + Mrs Chas C Macdonald (3) + Jos W Hall (2) + W H Scovil + R T Clinch and heirs E Barlow + + +UNION STREET. + + J C Brown estate + Peter and John Campbell + Daniel Donovan + Mrs Lantalum (2) + J W Hall (2) + John Gallivan + John McSweeny (3) + Heirs D J McLaughlin + C Lawton + James Dever + J Fred Lawton + L Burns + J Hegan + John Lloyd + Hare heirs + Mrs John Bryden + John Higgins + A Richardson + A Yeats & Sons (3) + J & T Robinson (2) + + + + +CHAPTER XVII. + + The losses of the Masonic Fraternity.--Great Destruction of Masonic + Regalia and Paraphernalia.--Organization of the General Masonic + Board of Relief.--Amount received in Aid of the Suffering Brethren. + + +The losses of the Masonic fraternity have been computed, and found to be +much greater than was at first supposed. The private lodges saved +nothing, and all their warrants, banners, jewels, clothing, and other +paraphernalia were lost. Some of them even did not rescue their seals; +and Hibernia, Union Lodge of Portland, and New Brunswick Lodge, lost +their records. The Union Lodge of Portland was a heavy loser. Her loss +amounts to $1,250; Albion, No. 1, $850; St. John's, No. 2, about $600; +Leinster, No. 9, and New Brunswick, No. 22, foot up to $750 each; and +Hibernia, No. 3, to $850. + +The Chapters have also fared badly. Carleton Royal Arch Chapter, formed +in 1802, lost the seal and $1,150 worth of property; while New Brunswick +Chapter meets with a loss of $1,475. + +There were two Encampments which met in Masonic Hall. St. John +Encampment not only lost $2,300 worth of property, which included the +rich regalia of the order, the jewels, banners, charters, and general +paraphernalia, but also the seal of the Encampment, and the regalia in +the armory, which was owned by the private members. This latter +consisted for the most part, of the chapeaux, swords, belts, gauntlets, +baldrics, aprons, etc., usually worn by the Sir Knights when on parade +and other duty. Hardly a member of the organization saved his masonic +clothing. The regalia of this body was especially gorgeous in character, +and no better dressed organization, before the fire, existed anywhere. +The Union De Molay Encampment experienced the same loss of general +wardrobe and appliances. Their loss reaches upwards of two thousand +dollars. The bodies of the Ancient and Accepted Rite lost everything but +the records. The Royal Order of Scotland--a very select body,--saved +their records only; the entire paraphernalia and regalia were lost. All +the furniture and furnishings, the organ, etc., belonging to the General +Hall Committee of the body, with all the paintings, photographs, and +engravings, were destroyed with the rest. + +Only the regalia and records, and full register of members belonging to +the Grand Lodge were saved. The magnificent library of over four hundred +volumes, many of them rare and scarce, and the most complete thing of +the kind in the Dominion, was burned. In the work of collecting these +books, the Grand Secretary, W. F. Bunting, Esq., spent many years; and +the destruction of the noble volumes is a serious and irreparable loss +to Freemasonry; many of the books destroyed can never be replaced. +Besides this, a good many were of incalculable value, on account of +certain associations connected with them, and each one had a little +history of its own. Some of them were presentation volumes, others again +were out of print, and not a few were high-priced modern text-books, +especially valuable to the masonic student. All the blank forms and +certificates, fyles of documents and books of constitutions, and all +copies of printed proceedings were swept away in the common ruin. Grand +Lodge has suffered severely, and her total loss above insurance cannot +be less than one thousand dollars; while the loss she has met with which +money cannot replace is enormous. Even Carleton Union Lodge, which met +on the other side of the harbour, did not escape. Her beautiful banners, +which she had lent St. John Encampment at the time of the late ball, +were in the lodge room when the fire was sweeping all before it, and +they were consequently burned. + +The walls of the Lodge-room were always tastefully decorated with well +executed engravings on Masonic subjects. These all perished, as well as +the handsome auto-type of H. R. H. the Prince of Wales in full Masonic +regalia, which was presented to the craft last year, by Thomas Furlong, +Esq., and which was greatly admired. An oil painting of P. G. M. +Balloch, by Holman, in full Masonic clothing, which hung near the +Master's Chair, and a fine picture in oil of "The Ascension," by Dr. T. +A. D. Forster, formerly of St. John, were burned along with everything +else. Indeed the fraternity will find it impossible to replace a tithe +of the useful and ornamental things with which it was surrounded. The +order in this city was well equipped, and amply provided with +everything. + +Notwithstanding, however, that they had suffered so largely themselves, +publicly and privately, as individuals and as masons, the leading +members of the fraternity at once organized a board of relief and +proceeded to care for the wants of the brethren who had met with +reverses. The general masonic board of relief is a special organization +which grew out of the present calamity, and is separate and distinct +from the regular or ordinary relief board of the city. It is composed of +city members of the Board of General Purposes of the Grand Lodge, and +the presiding officers of all the Masonic bodies of the city. Grand +Master R. T. Clinch is Chairman, Grand Treasurer Jas McNichol, Jr., is +Treasurer, and Grand Secretary William F. Bunting is Secretary of the +board. R. W. Bro. Edwin J. Wetmore is clerk, and has charge of the +office and attends daily from three to five o'clock in the afternoon, to +receive applications from brethren in distress. The board meets every +day, in the office rented for the purpose, from four to five o'clock to +consider applications and grant such relief as they deem advisable. In +the administration of the fund at their disposal the board exercises +great discretion and discrimination. Not only are brethren of the craft +helped, but the hearts of their widows and orphans are made glad. Often +the board does not wait for a distressed brother to make application for +relief, but other means are taken to find out his necessities and aid is +sent to him whenever this can be ascertained. All benefits are granted +in money, and range from sums of twenty to fifty dollars, payable by +check signed always by the treasurer, and one other officer of the +board. As soon as money is received it is deposited in the Bank of +British North America, in the names of the Chairman, Treasurer and +Secretary. The system works admirably and already a great amount of +good, in really necessitous cases, has been done. The gentlemen at the +head of the board are men of sterling character and reputation, and any +funds placed in their hands are judiciously and properly disbursed. +Every provision is being made for the coming winter months, when it is +expected that sore distress will prevail in the city, and with this in +view the board feel the necessity of having a good fund at their +disposal to meet the wants of worthy but unfortunate members of the +fraternity. Thus far the craft abroad have responded to the needs of the +suffering brethren quite liberally. Up to late date these sums have been +received: + + From Craft in Chicago, Ill. $930 00 + " Grand Lodge of Canada 1,000 00 + " " " Illinois 237 75 + " Craft in Charlottetown, P. E. I. 300 00 + " " Newfoundland 336 44 + " Masonic Relief Board, Memphis, Tenn. 94 75 + " St. Andrew's Lodge, Bangor, Me. 95 00 + " St. John's Lodge, Bathurst, N. B. 50 00 + " Star in the East Lodge, Oldtown, Me. 66 50 + " Alexandria Lodge, St. Mary's, York Co., N. B. 20 00 + + + + +CHAPTER XVIII. + + The Destruction--The Loss--Estimates--The Acreage and + Streetage--Has the Land Decreased in Value?--Incomes swept + away--What is Left--Hope!--The Insurance--The Corporation + Loss--The Dominion Loss--Additional Deaths--The Wounded--The + Orange Body. + + +In forming an estimate of the destruction which the fire has caused +great care has been exercised. I have been careful to verify every +statement I advance. Thoroughly competent engineers have, at my request, +re-surveyed the area through which the fire raged, and I am therefore in +a position to give reliable information on a subject which has given +rise to much speculation and doubt. The acreage has been taken and the +streetage made and the result has shown that the fire destroyed two +hundred acres of territory and nine and six-tenths miles of streets. To +be more exact the acreage is not quite two hundred acres but so very +near it that it may be accepted at that estimate. Not more than +two-fifths of the city have been burned and the reader will see the +truth of this when he comes to consider that Carleton which forms a part +of this city has been untouched by the flames, and all the upper portion +of the city has escaped. While the acreage and streetage shew that the +city is not totally destroyed, yet what has been burned represented +enormous value. The fire penetrated to the very heart of the great +commercial centre of St. John. It laid waste the fairest portion of the +city. It swept away the palace-houses of our wealthy people and +destroyed nearly every public building in the place. When one considers +all these circumstances and begins to realize the situation, he is apt +to form too high an estimate of the loss. He looks around him while +going about surveying the ruins, and on every side he sees the great +waste and the figures forming in his head grow larger and larger as he +proceeds to sum up the result of the sad fire. Every man has his own +opinion, and it is curious to observe how widely diversified these +opinions are. The cautious man places it at fifteen millions, and his +hot blooded and visionary friend with equal show of reason estimates the +loss at nearly fifty millions. The estimate ranges widely and wildly. +The books of the assessors on examination show a loss to property of +much less value than even the owners put upon it before the fire. But +one can see how fallacious these results are, when the reader learns +that in making up the assessments the assessors value a merchant's stock +at not what it is, but what in their opinion they think it should be. +For instance, a man has three hundred thousand dollars worth of stock in +warehouse. He really owns about fifty thousand dollars worth and owes +for the balance. He is not taxed on his debts but on what he is worth. +Yet the fire carried away the sum total of the goods in his possession. +The assessors' books show hardly a tithe of the actual value of the +loss. It can only be correctly stated after a thorough examination, and +as nearly as can be ascertained the entire destruction throughout the +city reaches upwards of twenty-seven millions of dollars. This is the +loss in solid value. But that much money will not replace the goods +thus destroyed. There were many things burned which were of what might +be called fancy value, and which money can in no way replace. And in +making our estimate these things have been valued only nominally. The +loss, therefore, in round figures, is not a whit below the amount we +have given, $27,000,000. The talk about taxable property is all +nonsense. Every man who says so, knows that he is talking nonsense. +Hardly a man lives to-day who is taxed in the proportion that he should +be. The richer a man is, the more easily he can hide his wealth, and an +examination of the assessment books will enable any reader to find a +hundred examples in proof of this. Another argument is brought forward. +We are told that the land is not burned up, and in that land there is +great value. That is true enough, every word of it. The land is not +burned out of existence. It is still where it was, but it is by no means +as valuable as it was before the fire. A thousand circumstances were +brought to bear on it, locality, desirability, and necessity, and all +these had an influence in enhancing its value. Most of these reasons, +and cogent reasons they were too at the time, have now gone out with the +fire. Men who thought they must have a piece of land because it was in a +good situation, and because it was located near their own lots, were +ready to buy what they wanted at a good price, often merely to carry out +some hobby or idea paramount in their minds. But these ideas have +vanished. This hobby can be ridden no longer. He can have the lot now if +he wants it, at a good deal lower rate than he offered for it, but he +can't afford it. The owner's means are swept away, and he cannot afford +to build again, and is anxious to sell his land, that he can go and rent +a house to live in. The land in almost every part of the burnt district +will drop, and has already dropped, in value. It is still there, and so +it was there a hundred years ago. It is more valuable now than it was +then. I don't pretend to say that we are no better off than when the +loyalists landed, for we are. Our roads are laid out; our people are +thrifty, enterprising, and skilful. The greater portion of the city is +still intact. We have a splendid system of water supply and sewerage. We +have, or, will have very soon, gas burning again. We will have comforts +once more. But what I do mean to say is, that it will take very many +years to build the city up again as it was before the fire. It will take +very many years to enable the land-owner to realize anything like the +price he once commanded for his property. Of course, in the leading +business streets there will be but little difference, though it will be +felt in a good many quarters. Take some portions of King and Prince +William streets, for example. Some men realized a snug income from the +rental of the shanties which were erected on good business sites in +these streets. They owned the land, and the shanties were theirs. Their +whole income came from this source. Their wooden buildings yielded them +a far more handsome return for their outlay than many of the massive +brick buildings near them did to their owners. Why was this? Simply +because they were in a good locality. These shanties are now level with +the earth. The revenue is swept away. These men own the land, but their +means are gone. They cannot rebuild. If they did, the rent they would +receive would be far less than the rookeries yielded, and they must sell +their property or mortgage it. The land has lost a great deal of its +value, and it will take a long time for it to regain that loss. We must +look these things boldly and seriously in the face. No reflection is +made on the people when these statements are advanced. No more +enterprising populace lives than the people of St. John. Many are used +to hard work. They have hewn out of the solid rock one of the most +beautiful cities in the Dominion. They have met a thousand obstacles in +their path, and they have swept them all aside. And they will ride over +their calamity and begin again the hard road upward. They will rebuild +the city once more, and plant bright things where ruin and despair now +stand, but we must not flatter ourselves that we have lost nothing, and +that our land has not deteriorated in value. It is as wrong to be over +sanguine as it is to give way to gloom and do nothing to better our +misfortunes. We must work with determination and lose no time. We must +show the world--that kind world which has fed the mouths of our poor and +clothed the unfortunate--that there is backbone and muscle still left in +the city, and that while we have men to work we have no women to weep. +It might have been worse. We have lost lives, we have lost all our +buildings--we have lost everything that goes to make home happy, +cheerful and bright--we have lost our stores and shops--we have lost +a hundred comforts--but, thank God, we have not lost our glorious hope +in the future. In that hope is our salvation. It is that hope which +stirs us on, which quickens our energy, which tells us that it might +truly have been worse. It is the one beautiful thing that is left to us. +It is the angel which smiles back to us when we raise our eyes upward. +It is the figure in the cloud which says to prostrate man, "Rouse, rouse +yourself! all is not lost, there is a future for you all." Ah, yes, it +might have been worse. There is desolation all around--there is death in +many households--there is mourning and crying and moaning--but hope +still sailing grandly near us, so near that we can almost touch her, +still smiling sweetly on us, tells us all will yet be well and bids us +be of good cheer. + +The number of houses burned on the several streets in the city, is +sixteen hundred and twelve. They were located as follows: + + Georges Street 10 + Mill Street 20 + Drury Lane 17 + Smyth Street 20 + North Street 5 + North Market Slip 8 + Hare's Wharf 1 + Robertson Place 1 + Fire Proof Alley 2 + North Market Wharf 11 + Nelson Street 18 + Dock Street 26 + Market Square 6 + South Market Wharf 16 + Ward Street 10 + Peters' Wharf 11 + Johnston's Wharf 2 + Lovett's Slip 1 + St. John, "Water" Street 51 + Canterbury Street 19 + Prince William Street 95 + Germain Street 87 + Charlotte Street 84 + Sydney Street 75 + Carmarthen Street 59 + Wentworth Street 34 + Pitt Street 38 + Sheffield Street 52 + Main Street 58 + Britain Street 101 + St James Street 98 + Pagan Place 9 + Harding Street 15 + Queen Square, south side 10 + Queen Square, north side 10 + St Andrew Street 17 + Queen Street 80 + Mecklenburg Street 44 + Duke Street 105 + Horsfield Street 17 + Orange Street 42 + Princess Street 106 + Church Street 10 + Leinster Street 45 + King Square, south side 6 + King Street 60 + ----- + Total, 1612 + +The number of people rendered homeless foot up to about thirteen +thousand, and the number of families to about twenty-seven hundred. As +near as can be got, the insurance on merchandise, furniture and +buildings, is placed as follows. This is not quite correct but at this +hour it is as nearly correct as can be ascertained. It will average this +at all events, and amounts in the aggregate to about seven millions of +dollars. + + Queen $700,000 + North British & Mercantile 800,000 + Lancashire 500,000 + Provincial 100,000 + Liverpool, London & Globe 480,000 + Guardian 420,000 + Canada Fire & Marine 50,000 + Citizens 200,000 + National 140,000 + Royal 520,000 + Commercial Union 420,000 + Royal Canadian 350,000 + Western 90,000 + Imperial 480,000 + Ætna 246,000 + Hartford 148,000 + Phenix of Brooklyn 60,000 + British America 27,000 + Stadacona 320,000 + Central, of Fredericton 60,000 + St John Mutual 75,000 + Northern 500,000 + Canada Agricultural 8,000 + +Most of the Insurance Companies paid up at once "The Stadacona" pays +its liabilities within a year. The "Provincial" has suspended but +promises to pay in time and the condition of the "St. John Mutual" is +quite hopeless, and will pay scarcely anything. The "Central" of +Fredericton, N.B., will pay in a short time, it is said. + +The loss to the shipping will amount to about fifty thousand dollars. +The St. John Corporation loses heavily, and the insurance which was held +on some properties is exceedingly light. The City Hall cost, at the time +of its purchase from the directors of the old Commercial Bank, the sum +of $23,000. Since then a good deal of money has been expended on it. The +insurance was only $15,000. The Police Court and station on Chipman's +Hill, which were both burned, the one a wooden building and the other of +brick, had insurance to the small amount of $2,000. The Fish Market, +useful and by no means ornamental, was insured for $600. The Lower Cove +Market, the upper or second story of which contained a public hall, and +was used by temperance societies sometimes, was insured for $1,200. In +the rear of the first floor of this building, a lock-up was situate, for +the accommodation of delinquents and law-breakers in that portion of the +city. The city stables on Carmarthen street were uninsured, as was also +the toll house at the Carleton ferry landing. The building occupied by +Mr. May at Reed's point, and which was owned by the corporation, was +insured for $1,000. Two cottages on Orange street were insured for +$3,000. These were occupied by Mr. A. J. H. Bartsch, the watch-maker, +and by Mr. Chas. Parker. Mr. Samuel Phillips' residence, on Duke +street, and which belonged to the corporation, was insured for $400. The +warehouses on Pettingill's Wharf had insurance to the amount of $5,000. +The barrack and sheds belonging to the city were uninsured. Two-thirds +of the fire alarm was destroyed, and all the watering-carts, slovens, +hose, &c., belonging to the corporation, were burned. No. 1 engine-house +was destroyed. No. 2 experienced a little damage after Dr. Travers' +house caught fire. The sidewalks can only be replaced at a heavy cost, +and the damage to the wharf property is enormously large. + +The Dominion Government loses about half a million dollars. The Custom +House and Post Office will be rebuilt at once, and plans are already +prepared. All the Government military stores were burned, and the three +hundred rifles belonging to the 62nd battalion were lost. Most of the +new uniforms belonging to the corps perished likewise. None of the +Dominion Government's property was insured, and the loss will therefore +be complete. + +The list of callings has been carefully gone over, and shows a return of +the following, who have been burned out:-- + + Architects 4 + Auctioneers 7 + Bakers 11 + Banks 5 + Bankers, Private 4 + Barristers 80 + Blacksmiths 10 + Block and pump makers 8 + Boarding-houses 55 + Boat builders 5 + Bookbinders 5 + Book stores 7 + Boot and shoemakers 38 + Boot and shoe stores 14 + Brass founders 6 + Builders 27 + Cabinet makers 9 + Clothiers 29 + Commission merchants 93 + Confectioners 6 + Dentists 9 + Druggists 8 + Dry goods (wholesale) 14 + Dry goods (retail) 22 + Dining and oyster saloons 10 + Flour dealers 32 + Fruit dealers 7 + Grocers (wholesale) 40 + Grocers (retail) 102 + Gasfitters and plumbers 9 + Hair dressers 13 + Hardware stores 8 + Hotels 14 + Insurance agents 29 + Iron merchants 8 + Liquor dealers (wholesale) 27 + Liquor dealers (retail) 116 + Livery stables 8 + Lumber merchants 12 + Marble works 6 + Merchant tailors 36 + Newspapers 7 + Painters 13 + Photographers 6 + Physicians and surgeons 15 + Printers (job work) 10 + Riggers 7 + Sailmakers 5 + Ship chandlers 14 + Ship smiths 8 + Stove dealers 8 + Tobacconists 7 + Undertakers 4 + Watchmakers and jewellers 12 + +The following list shows the manufacturing establishments, using steam +power, which were destroyed, and gives the number of hands employed in +each:-- + + Name. Business. No. of + hands + employed. + + Jeremiah Drake Block maker 5 + John E. Turnbull Sash factory 18 + Armstrong Bros. Foundry 10 + T. Rankine & Sons Bakery 30 + S. R. Foster & Son Tack manufacturers 50 + W. D. Aitken Machinist 10 + John Norris Auger maker 2 + R. A. Saunders Pattern maker 2 + Wm. Lowe Wood turner 1 + Wm. Smith & Co. Ship-smith 8 + H. Allan Brass foundry 8 + Maxwell, Elliot & Bradley Ship smiths 4 + Dearborn & Co. Coffee and spices 10 + J. Akroyd Machinist 1 + J. Smith Foundry 4 + Geo. F. Thompson White lead man'r 7 + D. McLaughlin & Sons Boiler makers 15 + T. McAvity & Sons Brass manufacturers 16 + Bradley Bros. Block makers -- + Geo. R. Bent Organs -- + +This, and the list above, I use through the permission of Mr. Elder, of +_The Telegraph_, who had them carefully made up from reliable sources. + +In addition to the number of deaths mentioned in one of the earlier +chapters of this book, very large addenda must be made. Since that +chapter was written, a good many more persons are known to have +perished. The list on the death-roll is very large. Mr. Garret Cotter, a +young man, working in the tailoring establishment of Mr. James S. May, +as a cutter, and an old man named Peter McGovern, who lived on Straight +Shore, met their deaths at the same time and at the same place. A +cornice fell from the Adam's building and killed them. Young Cotter +lived in Crown Street with his mother. His father met with a violent +death some years since, having been killed on the railway. Two young men +were drowned in the harbour before the very eyes of horror-stricken +spectators. James Kemp, aged 21, formerly a clerk in Michael Farrel's +clothing store, and Thomas Holmes, a lad of seventeen years, and who +resided in Harding Street with his mother, put out to sea in a small +boat laden with what little property they could get into it. The bottom +of the boat broke, and the craft filling at once, both men were drowned +in a second. The people on vessels in the harbour lying close by the +ill-fated boat, were so excited at what they saw, and the men sank so +rapidly, that nothing could be done to save them, and they perished in +full view of those on board. Kemp leaves a wife and one child. Mrs. +Cohalan, wife of Wm. Cohalan, was lost in Smyth Street. Her body was +never recovered, but it is established beyond all doubt that she fell an +early victim. All that was left of Mrs. Bradley, who once lived in +Princess Street, were some human bones which were found on her door-step +after the fire. The remains of Richard Thomas, an employé in Fred. +Fitzpatrick's warehouse in Nelson Street, were found on the site of +Richard O'Brien's saloon in Germain Street. Robert Fox, who belonged +about the Marsh Road, has been pronounced dead. + +The accidents were very numerous, and were of various degrees of +importance. In the hurry, the names of all persons who suffered by the +fire, and had experienced bruises and fractures, could not be obtained. +Some were sent at once to the Public Hospital, and even here there was +not time to fully record the names of all who were brought in. The +physician in charge, Dr. Hanington, did all in his power to make the +unfortunates comfortable and easy. The matron of the establishment and +other assistants also rendered efficient and prompt aid. The names of +those who were for a while in the Hospital, and received injuries at the +fire are Daniel Dooley, John Ross, Patrick Brady, William Coxetter, +William Donohoe, Helen Davidson, Bayard Thompson, Walter Lamb (injured +at the explosion), Andrew Donovan, Michael Barrett, William Porter, +Jeremiah Sullivan, Thomas Sullivan, Richard Powers, John Anderson and +George Gallagher. The last two men died in the Hospital from the effects +of their wounds. + +The thanks of the people of St. John are largely due to C. J. Brydges, +Esq., and R. Luttrell, Esq., of the Intercolonial Railway, who promptly +placed fast trains at the service of the Relief Committee, and forwarded +free passengers and supplies. Excellent service was thus performed, and +Mr. Luttrell lost no time in meeting the emergency. Indeed he spent +several days in relieving the wants of the sufferers. Few will forget +these kindly acts. + +In concluding this chapter I might add that the Orange Lodges which met +in Mr. Thos. H. Hall's building, King street, lost quite heavily. Their +regalia was, for the most part, entirely consumed, but the banners were +saved. The insurance on the hall and furniture was only five hundred +dollars. The members had gone to a great deal of expense lately in +fitting up their lodge-room, which was one of the tastiest in the city. +The decorations were very handsome. The loss will reach at least two +thousand dollars. A relief organization has been formed by leading +brethren of the order, and the wants of sufferers by the fire are being +looked after. The Grand Master, Edward Willis, and Messrs. A. G. +Blakslee, John A. Kane, J. B. Andrews, Walter McFate, W. A. King, W. +Roxorough, James Elliott, and Samuel Devenne, comprise the Relief +Committee. + + + + +CHAPTER XIX. + + The Books we have Lost--"The Lost Arts"--The Libraries of St. John + which were Burned--The Pictures which were Lost--The Few that were + Saved--A Talk about Books and Pictures--The Future--What St. John + men must Do--Acknowledgments--Conclusion of the Story of the Fire. + + +It is only when we come to look around us that we can discover how much +we have lost. In one's lifetime a thousand little things are gathered +and put away, and we find ourselves turning to them every now and then. +Money cannot supply these. Many of them are endeared to us through +association. Some are the gifts of friends who have since passed away, +never to return, and others again came into our possession in various +ways. We may supply, with a portion of our insurance money, a few books, +copies of the ones which we have lost, but these will not be the same. +They will not be our copies. We love to read our own books. No Suckling +can be the same as the one we lost the other day. It was not a rich +copy, but it was a whole-souled, generous old fashioned volume, full of +the old Knights daintiest bits of melody. We used to love to linger over +the little age-stained page, and recover lines we had lost. And dear old +Shenstone, too, is gone. We can easily get another Shenstone, but it +won't seem at all like the old copy. In our own books we know just where +to find what we want, and new copies never seem the same. And then there +are books we like to take up now and then, just to fill in the odd +moments of our lives; books of engravings and the like, and volumes of +_Punch_, and great volumes of cartoons of say forty and fifty years ago. +These are all gone now and few can be replaced. + +What great inroads the fire has caused among our private libraries, what +a wreck it has made of those precious books we all loved so dearly. And +those pamphlets, too, upon which we placed so much value, and the +thousand little odds and ends of literature which we so tenderly +gathered year in and year out. And our scrap-books--great, good-natured +fellows, with broad sides and liberal pages, ready to take in all sorts +of matter. These are no more. And whole hosts of unbound magazines, +which we had tied together, and expected every day to send off to the +binders. These are ashes too. We hesitate before we turn over the books +we rescued from the burning, lest we discover greater losses, and miss +fairer treasures. How many sets of books have been destroyed, how many +massive tomes have been withered by the heat, how many dainty books of +poetry have been swept away! + +What lovely companions books are. What glorious friends they make. How +kindly they speak to us and tell us what they think. We read gruff Tom +Carlyle, and pause at his estimate of Cromwell, and hunt through the +histories of England to see what Smollett and Hume have to say about the +same grim protector. We run through a few pages of Taine and discover +how grandly he criticises the masters of English literature, but after +all we go back fondly to our own Arnold, and read what he has to tell us +before we quite make up our mind that the clever Frenchman is right. We +sit at the feet of Holmes and read a chapter or two of his matchless +Autocrat, and then with our mind full of the delicious sweets, we get +down our copy of Hunt and after skimming a page or two of his "Seer," +dip into the crisp and sparkling pages of Hazlitt's _Round Table_. Ah, +yes! the fire may take all else we have if it will only leave us our +books. True, a man, as the bard hath it-- + + "May live without books--what is knowledge but grieving? + He may live without hope--what is hope but deceiving? + He may live without love--what is passion but pining? + But where is the man who can live without dining?" + +But after all the mind craves as much for food of its kind, as the +stomach does for meats and bread. + +Though in St. John we had no public library, there were very many +private collections of books in the city. Some of them were very large +and well-selected. Dr. Wm. Bayard's collection, not one volume of which +was saved, was beyond all question the fullest and ripest medical +library in the Dominion. It was the accumulation of many years. The +collection was begun by his father and added to largely by the Doctor +himself. Some rare medical works, rich in plates, costing as high as £30 +sterling each, were to be found here, besides books covering the whole +range of medical thought and practice. The English classics, exhibiting +the very cream of letters, and some fine specimens of modern literature +filled acceptably the doctors shelves. Not a volume was saved. Indeed a +photograph album was the only article rescued from the burning house. +Mr. James R. Ruel, the Collector of Customs had a fine library, rich in +theology and literature of the higher class. Controversial works, books +of science, and the whole range of British Poetry, ever found a welcome +on Mr. Ruel's library table. In the departments of History and Geography +this library was especially rich and full, and every work of character +about the Reformation in England could here be consulted. Mr. Ruel's +reading in this department was extensive, and he made writings of this +kind his especial study. His whole collection, rare and costly as it +was, and representing the labour of many years, perished before a hand +could be raised in its defence. Mr. B. Lester Peters's library showed +great care and culture in its selection. It too was very complete in +History, Biography, Belles-lettres and Theology. Mr. Peters's fine +literary taste served him well in making his collection of books, and +nearly all his volumes displayed wonderful skill in rich bindings. In +old play-wrights, such as Shakespeare, Jonson, Massinger, Beaumont and +Fletcher, and the other famous ones of that glorious age in +literature--The Elizabethan--Mr. Peters's library was ample. Indeed, in +works of this class no finer collection existed in the city. And in +poetry which exhibited the rarest thoughts of the bards, in the works of +such poets as Milton, Chaucer, Spenser, Dryden, Pope and Clough, Mr. +Peters's shelves contained a perfect mine of wealth. His collection of +pamphlets, the labour of thirty years, was unique and full. He had the +whole of the famous Connolly and Wilmot controversy, the scattered +papers of the late Dr. Gray, the Maturin pamphlets, the Colenso +pamphlets, the notes on the Lost Tribes of Israel, and a thousand +others, neatly and carefully put away in cases specially prepared for +them. Those are all gone, and not a fragment remains. The gorgeous +library of John Boyd, Esq., of Queen Square, with its enormous +collection of works belonging to modern literature, its rare list of old +books, its magnificent sets of presentation volumes from the authors, +its numberless volumes that come from the publishers to Mr. Boyd as +gifts, were swept away in an instant. The books in Mr. Boyd's cases were +a reflex of the owner's taste and judgment. He had not a poor book among +the whole. The entire range of English and American essayists, the whole +course of British and American poetry, the cream of historical books, +the ripest thoughts of the philosopher, the most delightful gems of +fiction, the works of the scientists, and the great tomes of biography, +clad in the most luxuriant of luxurious bindings, were the companions of +Mr. Boyd's study. His lectures, common-place books, scrap-books, in fact +everything which he possessed of a literary character were burned. Even +the literary notes which he made from time to time in his record books +during the odd moments of his too unfrequent leisure, and the bits of +criticism on new poems which he occasionally made for future use on the +platform and elsewhere, perished in his desk. His entire intellectual +labour vanished in an hour. Mr. A. L. Palmer's splendid library with his +own valuable annotations, Mr. A. A. Stockton's voluminous and admirable +library, begun by his late uncle, and Mr. Chas. W. Weldon's Law and +general library were destroyed before their owners could save a single +book. The Rev. Dr. Watters's library, so rich in theology and biography, +was burned almost entirely. Lately large additions had been made to this +delightful collection. A good many of the late Judge Chipman's best +books found their way here, and the most of these were lost. Rev. Mr. +Stavely's books were all burned, and not one of Rev. Mr. Carey's fine +collection escaped. Some of his books were very rare and high-priced. +Mr. Robert Britain's books were of general and private interest. The +former embraced almost the whole range of English literature, and the +latter included the best books on chemistry and science. Indeed in books +belonging to the latter class, it will be difficult to find so large a +collection anywhere. Mr. J. D. Underhill possessed a library of rare +beauty and value. It was very large in historical works and the writings +of the principal British, American and French authors. In biography and +fiction of the higher order there was a good supply. Mr. Underhill, for +several years, had been a great book-buyer, and hardly a trunkfull was +saved. For costly books, handsomely bound, no richer collection existed +in St. John than the splendid library of Mr. Fred. R. Fairweather. He +had the entire set of Balzac's works in the original, luxuriously and +massively bound. His Shakespeares, for he had several editions, +copiously illustrated and exquisitely finished, were bound in heavy +antique morocco. His books of plates, his dramatic library, his +collection of plays of the Cumberland edition, his books on costumes +from the time of the Saxons to our own day, represented large value, and +a refined and cultured taste. In dramatic literature alone, Mr. +Fairweather's library was probably the fullest in the Dominion. Indeed +his loss in this department is a positive loss to literature, and a +collection such as he owned can never be again supplied. Many of the +books are out of print, and cannot be purchased to-day at any price. The +books lost in the city, on the day of the fire, will number many +thousands of volumes. No city of the size of St. John could boast of +finer private collections of books, anywhere. It will be many years +before collections as rich, as unique, and as delightful can be procured +again. + +In pictures, the loss met with is really irreparable. We had no public +gallery, because our citizens, whose means admitted it, purchased for +the walls of their own houses a charming bit of colour now and then, or +a delicate engraving or a drawing. A few of the masterpieces of the +English and American artists found their way here from time to time, and +in the way of engravings the collection was really quite large. We can +only give a tithe of the pictures lost. Dr. McAvenney possessed a +decided gem in water-colour, by Birket Foster, and a charming landscape +in oil from the brush of Mayner, an Irish artist. The latter was a +twenty pounds' picture, and one of the prizes which came to St. John +last year from the Irish Art Union. It was exceedingly vigorous, and, +though small in size, every detail was perfect. In addition to these, +Dr. McAvenney lost several fine engravings and one or two exquisite +drawings. Dr. Wm. Bayard's loss in pictures is quite large. He owned a +capital landscape, _The Vale of Strathmore_, by John Cairns, of +Edinburgh. This was burned, with some others of lesser note, together +with a good many engravings, chiefly London Art Union subjects. Mr. R. +M. Longmaid lost all but one of his pictures. Some of these were of +great value, and included, among a number of others, _Francis I. and +Henry VIII. on the Field of the Cloth of Gold_, by the late G. F. +Mulvany, R.H.A., and one of Cairns' Scotch subjects, showing a striking +bit of Highland scenery, called _Glen Cairn_. The one picture saved was +a Welsh Landscape, by A. Vickers. This had been lent to a friend in the +upper part of the town, and was accordingly not burned. Mr. Charles +Campbell managed to preserve a number of his pictures; among them the +bold _Coast Scene_, by John Cairns, which will be remembered by many who +saw it as a very striking study. Mr. W. C. Perley, among the very few +articles rescued from his house, saved two very pretty little +landscapes, one an Irish scene and the other a delicious specimen of C. +C. Ward's art. Mr. B. Lester Peters lost nearly all of his engravings, +but succeeded in rescuing a study by F. W. Hulme, and a little gem by A. +Vickers. Hon. George E. King saved a few water colours by eminent +British artists, which he had. Mr. Donald G. MacKenzie, who had +half-a-dozen striking oil paintings, recovered them all a few days +after the fire. Mr. John Sears lost heavily in the Department of Art, +but saved his one great picture, a portrait which is an undoubted +Rubens, and one or two family likenesses. Mr. Stephen J. King, whose +treasures consist in drawings by McKewan, Philps and others, and some +oil-paintings, saved them all. Mr. W. P. Dole lost a pair of very +beautiful water-colour drawings of Canadian scenery, by D. Gale, and +three or four excellent engravings. He was fortunate in saving however, +two charming works by Hulme, two small bits by Vickers, two by G. A. +Williams, one of C. C. Ward's pieces, and one of the late John T. +Stanton's best works. Mr. Stanton was a New Brunswick artist of fine +taste and decided skill. Mr. Dole also saved some of his water-colours, +notably those by Bell Smith and Frantz. The author lost an excellent +drawing illustrating an idea in Thackeray, and a number of clever +caricatures from the pencil of an amateur artist, Mr. Forbes Torrance, +of Como, besides several engravings of merit, and a massive bronze +figure representing Painting. Mr. Henry Vaughan lost his large costly +painting from the John Miller collection, of Liverpool, England. Mr. +James Stewart lost his whole collection of paintings; several of these +were of his own work, while a number were by foreign artists. Mr. +Stewart copied a landscape painting by an English artist which came out +here as a prize, some years ago, and when his work was finished and the +two paintings hung side by side, the owner did not know which was his +own picture. This copy was for some days in Mr. Notman's studio before +the fire, and it is believed that it is lost, as no trace has been had +of it. The reader will see from this scanty enumeration of known losses, +how great has been the destruction in art-treasures alone. We have not +even hinted at the wholesale destruction of bronzes, bas reliefs and +bits of sculpture and statuary. In these departments the loss has been +also very severe. No money can replace these treasures. These were the +things which rendered home bright and happy. It is the love of art and +literature which refines and beautifies mankind. It is the book and the +picture, and the figure of pale marble which rouse a thousand new +delights. They take away the brutal in our nature. They lift us up as it +were. We look around the room and the eye rests on something beautiful. +We feed our tastes. The picture on the wall refines us, the open book +fills the mind with a hundred delicate, footless fancies. We breathe a +new air. The etchings on the table, the portfolio of drawings and the +books of engravings give to our mind a delight as wonderful as it is +delicate and delicious. Can money replace these? Can money buy for us +these pictures and books which have been for so many years our +companions and friends? Can money replace the bronze figure? Can money +bring to us again the portrait of the dear one who lies out there in the +green wood buried? Can money supply us with that precious volume of +poetry which the author gave us just a year before he died? We may make +our homes bright again. We may hang pictures on the walls. We may fill +to the full our book-cases and hanging-shelves once more with the great +things in literature, but our thoughts will wander back to the days +before the fire came and robbed us of all those delights which peopled +and filled our homes. But we must not give way altogether to gloom and +despondency. We must try and forget the past and devote all our +energies, all our brains and skill to the rebuilding of the homes and +workshops which have been scattered to the winds. We must never rest +till the great end is accomplished; we must never cease working. As +Christians, as men, as the proud descendants of a sturdy and stalwart +race, we must show the world that we are not a generation of pigmies, +and that from these very ashes and ruins a brighter, a more glorious and +more prosperous city will arise and resume her old place as the +metropolis of the Lower Provinces. + +I have told the story of the great fire in St. John in my own way. I +have tried to do justice to my theme. Like many others I have passed +through the flames, and received as it were my first "baptism of fire." +My book has many imperfections. It was necessary that it should be +hastily prepared. My publishers demanded this, and gave me a fortnight +to write it in. I can therefore claim nothing in favour of the book from +a literary point of view, but this I can claim--the history is reliable +in every particular. Not a statement within its pages was committed to +paper until it was thoroughly and reliably avouched for. I have verified +every word which this volume contains; and while the haste in which it +was prepared precluded my paying much attention to style, the book is a +complete record of the fire as it was, and not as a lively imagination +might like it to be. Before taking leave of my readers, I must publicly +thank Mr. Joseph W. Lawrence for the splendid aid which he gave me in +furnishing the data and historical information about our old churches +and other edifices. I had full access to his records and commonplace +books, and through these means was enabled to verify much that had come +to me in an imperfect condition. To Mr. Gilbert Murdoch, C.E., and Mr. +Wm. Murdoch, C.E., of the Water Works and Sewerage Departments, I must +also return my thanks, for valuable information about the water supply, +for the capital map which accompanies this volume, and for facts +connected with the acreage and streetage of the district burned. General +Warner, Mayor Earle, Mr. A. C. Smith, Mr. John Boyd, Mr. A. P. Rolph, +Mr. Dole, Mr. Hiram Betts, Mr. Elder, Mr. J. L. Stewart, Mr. McDade, Mr. +O'Brien, Mr. Stanley, Mr. G. B. Hegan and others, also largely rendered +me assistance in collecting information, and to these gentlemen I return +my grateful thanks. + +The little picture of the ruins, by moonlight, of the Germain street +Baptist Church, was very kindly supplied by Mr. John C. Miles, a St. +John artist of good reputation. I have great pleasure in acknowledging +his politeness here, and at this time. + +In conclusion, I might add, that to Mr. E. Lantalum belongs the credit +of sounding the first alarm of our great fire. + + +ADDITIONAL LIST OF DONATIONS. + + +MONEY. + + A friend $2 00 + Ailsa Craig Presbyterian Church, Ont. 18 60 + Ayr Knox Church and Sacred Concert 76 00 + Allendale, Ont. Methodist Church 6 60 + Augusta, Me. 820 40 + Barrie, Ont. 166 00 + Baltimore, Md. 80 62 + Bobcaygeon Orangemen 15 00 + Bangor, Me. 5,000 00 + Belfast, Ireland £300 Stg + Buffalo, N. Y. $179 83 + Chicago Union Stock Yards 105 25 + Chippawa, Ont. Trinity Church 38 65 + Chicago Apollo Musical Club, Concert 990 75 + Chicago, Ill. 2,050 00 + Chatham, N. B. 250 00 + Capt. Thompson, ss. "Britannia," 500 00 + Charlottetown, P. E. I. 500 00 + Charlottetown Odd Fellows' Entertainment 208 00 + Departmental Clerks, Ottawa 445 53 + Edinburgh, Scotland £100 Stg + Ed. L. Evans, Rondeau, Ont. $2 00 + E. & J. Burke, Dublin, Ireland 250 00 + Fredericton, N. B. 2,000 00 + Fergus, Ont. 20 50 + Geo. M. Fowler, British Consul, Aènfuegos $100 00 + Glasgow, Scotland £1,000 Stg + Great Western Railway Employees $450 00 + G. W. Davis, Boston, Mass. 14 11 + Galt, Ont., Churches 114 69 + Greenville, Nova Scotia 16 00 + Huron Co. Council, Ont. 2,000 00 + Hayden, Gere & Co., New York 25 00 + Hastings Co. Council Ont. 1,000 00 + Jacob E. Klotz, Hamburg, Ont. 25 00 + Mackenzie, Flatlands, N. B. 2 00 + M. McLeod, Cardigan, P. E. I. 18 20 + Miss Logan, Orillia, Ont. 10 00 + Mansfield, P. E. I. 55 50 + New York 2,105 90 + Oshawa Benevolent Society 30 00 + Petrolia, Penn. 200 00 + Presbyterian Churches, Wentworth, N. S. 13 00 + Pictou, N. S. 5 00 + Portland, Me. 4,500 00 + Philadelphia, Penn. 1,109 80 + Picton, Ont. 300 00 + P. E. I. R. R. Employees 62 45 + Stewiacké 40 00 + St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Chelsea, Mass. 5 00 + Springhill Mines, U. S. 18 95 + Toronto 400 00 + Uxbridge, Ont. 51 40 + Victoria Co. Council, Ont. 400 00 + Wingham, Ont. 15 50 + Woodstock, Ont. Literary Institute 37 25 + Waterloo Co. Council, Ont. 1,000 00 + Woodstock, N. B. 151 00 + Wm. Ingalls, Bolton, England £5 Stg. + Wroxeter and Fardwick Presbyterian Churches $55 24 + Windsor, Ont. 500 00 + Yorkville, Ont. 300 00 + + +SUPPLIES. + + Augusta, Me, clothing. + Brunswick, Me, clothing. + Carter & Co., Elora, Ont., potatoes. + Chicago Union Stock Yards, large quantity supplies. + C. Fawcett, Sackville, N. B., stoves. + D. Fiske, Fredericton, N. B. tracts. + D. G. Smith, Chatham, N. B. clothing. + Isaac M. Bragg, Bangor, Me., clothing. + J. Borland, Bowmanville, stoves. + James Stewart & Co., Hamilton, Ont., stoves. + J. C. Risteen, Fredericton, supplies. + James Hamilton, Port Elgin, potatoes. + J. L. Goodhue, plasterers' hair. + Milwaukee, Wis., supplies. + Montreal, supplies. + Mount Stewart, P. E. I., supplies. + Prof. John Owen, Cambridge, Mass., offers books and magazines + for a library. + Salem, Mass., supplies. + Stewiacké, clothing. + Thurston Hall & Co., Cambridgeport, supplies. + Wm. Openheim & Son, New York, clothing. + + + + +ADDENDA. + +SUPPLEMENTARY DONATIONS. + + +MONEY. + + Bridgetown, Maine $70 00 + Dungannon 29 10 + Cornwall, Ontario 300 00 + Portsmouth, N. H. 697 00 + Salem 70 00 + Newfoundland Government 2,000 00 + Kingston, N. B. 20 00 + Stayner, Ontario 75 00 + Detroit, Michigan 427 81 + Baden, Ontario 2 00 + Stewart Henry, Montreal 25 00 + Bear River, Nova Scotia 105 00 + Hughes, Thomas, London, England £10 00 + St. George's Church, Trenton, Ontario $15 00 + St. John County Agricultural Society 400 00 + Winnipeg _Free Press_ 53 05 + Chesterfield, Ontario, Presbyterian Church 57 00 + Bailey & Noyes, Portland, Maine 25 00 + Port Hope 8 00 + Sydney, C. B. 295 40 + Musquodoboit 5 25 + Listowel, Ontario 140 35 + Coristine, James & Co., Montreal 100 00 + " " Employés 71 60 + Milwaukee, Wisconsin 100 00 + Bark "Cedar Croft," Captain and Crew £5 3 0 + Mayor of Brooklyn, New York $50 00 + Loeser & Co., Brooklyn, New York 50 00 + Winnipeg 300 00 + Bridgewater, Nova Scotia 128 25 + Norfolk County Council, Ontario 500 00 + Ward & Payne, Sheffield, England £10 0 0 + Kingston, Ontario $340 00 + Oakville Odd Fellows' Open-air Concert 75 00 + Victoria, British Columbia 800 00 + Caledonia Restaurant, Winnipeg 21 50 + Mount Stewart, P. E. I. 25 50 + Virginia City, Nevada 250 00 + Thomas Frith & Sons, Sheffield, England 250 00 + Nellie H. Carleton, St. John, N. B. 3 64 + Chicago, Illinois 601 75 + Windsor, Nova Scotia 23 00 + Attleboro 15 21 + Westmoreland and Botsford Parishes, New Brunswick 95 25 + J. J. Ronaldson & Sons, Sheffield, England 97 76 + Diocese of Huron, Ontario 2,000 00 + Toronto "Sons of England," Kent Lodge 30 00 + Trenton Concert 61 00 + Quebec 4,558 85 + Great Western Railroad Employés 300 00 + Methodist and Baptist Churches of Caledonia, N. S. 3 37 + Sent to G. Sidney Smith, Esq., for distribution, + from Major-General and Mrs. Beauchamp Walker £15 0 0 + Mrs. A. G. Foley, Peterboro', Ontario $5 00 + Sent to Rev. Dr. Maclise for distribution:-- + From Houlton, Maine, by John McMaster 250 05 + From Goodwill Church, Montgomery, New York, by + Rev. J. M. Dickson 20 00 + Sent to Oddfellows' Fund:-- + Lynn, Mass., Providence Lodge 50 07 + Clinton, Ontario, Warriner Lodge--Per J. B. King 75 00 + Westville, Nova Scotia, Scotia Lodge 50 00 + Boston Oddfellows--Per Grand Master Perkins 340 00 + Humboldt Bay, Cal., Eureka Lodge 20 00 + Woonsocket, Rhode Island, Woonsocket Lodge 20 00 + Empire Lodge, St. Catharines, Ontario 50 00 + Sarnia Lodge, Sarnia, do. 43 00 + Cuyahoga Lodge, Cleveland, Ohio 50 00 + Romeo Lodge, Stratford 25 00 + Monami Lodge, Mechanics' Falls, Maine 25 00 + Crystal Wave Lodge, Pugwash, Nova Scotia 11 00 + E. Ashley, Wilmot, C. E. 20 00 + Engineering Department I. C. Railway 492 67 + Locomotive Do 1,281 68 + Traffic and other Do 347 70 + J. S. Fry & Son, Bristol, England £10 Stg. + John Carruthers, Kingston, Ont. 100 00 + +From returns in detail, just furnished by the Oddfellows' Lodges, the +results of the fire, in relation to its effects on individual members +appears to have been as follows:-- + + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- + NAME OF | Present |No. of | Dependents | Total Suffer-| Approximate + LODGE. | Member- |Suf- | on | ers and | value of + | ship. |ferers.| Sufferers. | Depend's. | Property lost + | | | | | by Sufferers. + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- + Pioneer, | | | | | + No. 9 | 198 | 78 | 182 | 260 | $392,860 00 + Beacon, | | | | | + No. 12 | 118 | 36 | 94 | 130 | 113,550 00 + Peerless,| | | | | + No. 19 | 83 | 10 | 34 | 44 | 26,560 00 + Siloam, | | | | | + No. 29 | 44 | 28 | 28 | 56 | 24,440 00 + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- + Totals | 443 | 152 | 338 | 490 | $557,410 00 + Less Insurance | 140,052 00 + --------------- + Net approximate Loss | $417,358 00 + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Many of the sufferers had _no_ insurance. The supposed superiority of +the fire department, and general efficiency of the water supply, having +led to a false security--to a popular belief that it was impossible for +St. John to be scourged by fire, as Boston and Chicago had been. + + +SENT TO MASONIC FUND. + + Grand Lodge of Quebec $200 00 + A Brother, Newcastle, N. B. 4 00 + National Lodge, Chicago 23 62 + Knights Templars, Portland, Maine 117 00 + Germania Lodge, Baltimore 18 93 + Grand Lodge, Louisiana 189 00 + Carleton Union Lodge of Carleton, N. B. 50 00 + Grand Lodge of Wisconsin 94 50 + St. John's Lodge, Toronto 150 00 + Phoenix Lodge, Nashville, Tenn. 947 00 + Grand Lodge, Utah 56 70 + St. Andrew's Lodge, Frederickton, N. B. 25 25 + Loge des Coeurs Unis, Montreal 50 00 + Rising Virtue Lodge, Mount Moriah Chapter, + and St. John's Commandery, Bangor, Me. 284 25 + Detroit Commandery 94 50 + Springfield do. 500 00 + + +SUPPLIES. + + Halifax, N. S., 25 Stoves. + Boston Y. M. C. Union, Clothing. + Montreal, Clothing. + Musquodoboit, Clothing. + Toronto, Meats. + Taylor, Robert, Halifax, N. S., Boots. + Peke & Eaton, Halifax, N. S., Tea. + Hart, R. T. & Co., " Supplies. + Victoria Corner, N. B., 12 pairs Boots. + Canterbury Ladies, Bedding. + Bridgetown, N. S., Supplies. + Rev. C. McMullin, Hartland, N. B., Butter. + Norwich, Ontario, Clothing. + Philadelphia Maritime Exchange, Clothing. + Gibson, Alexander, York County, Supplies. + + + + + A BRIEF ACCOUNT + OF THE + FIRE IN THE TOWN OF PORTLAND, + SATURDAY MORNING, 20TH OCTOBER, 1877. + + +Just four months after the great calamity in St. John, the people of the +Town of Portland were called upon to endure a hardship of almost equal +dimensions. In one sense their endurance demanded even greater strength, +for their trouble came, not in summer when the grass was green, and the +air was soft and balmy, but in the very heart of a New Brunswick Fall, +when the wind pierced the coarsest garment, and the ground was white +with frost. It was in the small hours of the morning too, that men and +women, half asleep and palsied by terror, rushed wildly into the street, +shivering with cold and trembling with fear, as they heard the mad bell +tolling the alarm. They lived in the merest tinder boxes, and in many of +these were domiciled three, and sometimes four and five families. It was +a fire of terrible importance, and at one time the destruction of the +whole town was feared. But the lesson which the fire of June 20th +taught had a salutary effect on the people, and, aided by a brave band +of firemen, they made every effort to stay the onward march of the +flames, and in this, success was partly attained. The fire destroyed +seven blocks of buildings, and threw into the street two hundred and +ninety-five families, which numbered, in the aggregate, fully three +thousand persons. Of buildings swept away, there were ninety-seven +dwelling houses, the Methodist Church and the Temperance Hall. The +actual loss is estimated at two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and +the insurance scarcely reaches the sum of seventy thousand dollars. One +man suffered a horrible death, and a number of people were injured more +or less seriously. The fire was indeed a sore and bitter trial, and had +it not been that the community had only a short time before experienced +the horrors of the greater conflagration, the present calamity would +have ranked as one of the great fires of Canada. Coming so soon after +the St. John's scourge, men failed to realize at once the magnitude of +destruction which it caused. But those who had twice passed through the +flames knew to their cost, and realized in an instant, what it was to be +burned out a second time. Seven hundred persons from the burnt district +of St. John's had taken up their residence in the suburban town. They +were in most cases poor in a pecuniary sense, but their bands were +strong, and their hearts were not downcast. The flames had carried away +all their earthly possessions, and they found themselves the day after +the fire comparatively penniless. But there was work to do, and these +men and women sternly resolved to do it. They removed to Portland, +secured quarters there, and had just completed their arrangements for +the winter, when this fresh trouble broke out, and once more they found +themselves, with twenty-three hundred others, in the street without a +home, and no sheltering roof over their heads. Their lot was indeed a +sad one, and no wonder is it, that some of them were loud in complaint, +and that many, women walked down from Fort Home that day, and wept +bitterly at the heartrending sight which met their eyes. They saw +desolation on the plain below, and tall chimneys kept watch and ward +over a field of smouldering embers. The steam engines still continued to +play on the dying flames, though the sixth hour of the fire had long +since passed away, and men in command hurried along the streets now +giving orders, and now working with the rank and file, striving to save +what remnants of property yet remained unburned, and caring for the +immediate needs of sufferers. + +The fire broke out at a quarter to three o'clock in the morning, and +originated in a wood-house in the centre of the block, between Main and +High Streets. This wood-house was in the rear of Henry Pratt's house, +and as fire had been discovered in this locality, twice recently, many +believed that it was the fiendish work of an incendiary. The fire spread +with great rapidity, though there was little wind at the time, and by +three o'clock the entire block, Main Street on the north, Chapel Street +on the south, Acadia Street on the east, and Portland Street on the west +was one mass of flame. In another hour the fire raged more violently, +and was extending to the lower streets. The firemen, who were early on +the spot, worked with untiring energy, and displayed almost superhuman +endurance and wonderful courage. Aid from the city came very soon after +the fire was observed, and the new contingent also worked with admirable +nerve, and exhibited splendid skill in preventing the conflagration from +spreading. Members of the Town Council, with Chairman Henry Hilyard at +their head, made extraordinary efforts to keep the flames back, and +indeed the whole arrangements for fighting the fire were excellently +conceived and well carried out. + +At five o'clock the fire had reached its height. The blocks from Main +Street to High Street, inclusive, were completely obliterated, and only +gaunt chimneys remained. From High Street to the very water's edge the +flames sped on unresisted. Camden Street was burning, the large houses +on the foot of Portland Street, the houses from Temperance Hall, in +Simonds Street to Thomson's slip were consumed. Rankin's wharf with +immense piles of dressed lumber was threatened with immediate +extinction. The steamers "Ida Whittier," "Xyphus," and "Victor," were for +a time in danger. Three tug boats arrived opportunely, and the water +which they threw saved the wharf and lumber. At half-past eight the fire +was subdued. + +The property destroyed consisted of all the houses in Main Street +between Jones's corner and Orange corner; all on Chapel Street, all on +Acadia Street except a small block and the greater part of Chapel +Street; all along the east side and part of the west side of Portland +Street, the east side of Simonds Street from High Street to the water, +and both sides of Camden Street. Of course a great deal of drunkenness +prevailed and numerous arrests were made. Thieving, as usual, was +largely indulged in. + +The saddest event of the day was the loss of life. George Baxter, a ship +carpenter, who dwelt in High street, was found in a charred state in the +ruins of his house. It is thought he went in to save some of his +effects, and being unable to make his way out again he was smitten to +the ground and suffered one of the most terrible of deaths. The other +casualties were John Henry Maher, slightly injured, James Ennis badly +cut on the head. Nicholas Ryan fell off Dickinson's house, Chapel +Street, and sustained serious bruises. Mrs. Reed was struck by a falling +ladder. John Cobalan, jr., had one of his fingers broken, and Mrs. +Nowlan was slightly hurt. Wm. Carr and James Kennedy were injured +slightly. + +The destruction of the Methodist Church is a very serious loss. It was +built in the year 1841, and succeeded the structure built in 1828, which +was destroyed in the former year. The first trustees were Alex. McLeod, +Samuel H. McKee, George Whittaker, William Nesbit, H. Hennigar, Robert +Chestnut, Robert Robertson, G. T. Ray, John B. Gaynor, George Lockhart, +James Bustin, John Owens and Francis Jordan, Rev. Messrs. R. Williams, +J. B. Story, and S. Busby were strong supporters of the church in its +young days and were long identified with its interests. On the first +Sunday after the fire of 1841 the congregation met in the open air and +prayed and sang hymns. The Rev. Mr. Allen addressed the people from a +rock. Rev. Mr. Teed was the pastor at the time of the present fire. When +he came to preside over its destinies he found the church struggling +with a debt, and he worked with great zeal to free it from this burden. + +The Temperance Hall was one of the most useful institutions in the town, +and many will deplore the destruction of this building. + +The following is a complete list of the buildings burned. The first name +mentioned in each case is that of the owner, the other, that of the +occupants:-- + + _Main street, south side, from Acadia street to Portland + Street._--Mr. Woods, occupied by self as a boarding house, and by + R. Jones as a grocery store--two families. + + Andrew Pratt, by self as a dwelling; Miss Pratt as millinery store; + Henry Pratt, as dwelling; and by Mr. Hopkins as a book store--4. + + Chas. Long, James Meally, tin shop; Robt. Adamson, and John W. + Perkins--3. + + Wm. Gray, by self, Gray & Scott, meat store; Mrs. Cotner--4. + + Widow Gordon, by self as a grocery store and dwelling--1. + + Widow McJunkin, by self as a boarding house, and by Robert C. + Gordon, as a liquor store, and by John S. Mitchell--3. + + John Bradley, by A. G. Kearns, as a grocery and liquor store--1. + + Thos. McColgan, by T. M. & S. B. Corbett, groceries; Thos. + McMasters, hair-dressing saloon; John Carlin, S. R. Lindsay, Wm. + Hooper, Messrs. Kyle & Tait--7. + + _Portland street, east side, from Chapel to Main street._--Thomas + McColgan, by self as a liquor store; Edward Brown, Joshua + Russel--3. + + _Chapel street, north side, east from the Pond to Portland + street._--Wm. Dickson's house (damaged), by self, Robert Currie, + Widow McAnulty, Arthur McCauslin--4. + + Widow Farson, by self, Wm. Conway, Widow Gallagher, Geo. Kimball, + Daniel Leary, John Mohan, Jas. Daley, Mrs. Daley, Mrs. Knowles, + Chase & McCallum--11. + + Charles Long, by self, John Law--2. + + Barn belonging to Wm. Gray. + + Barn belonging to Robt. Gordon. + + Barn belonging to John McJunkin estate. + + Barn belonging to John Bradley. + + _Chapel street, south side, from Portland street east to + Water._--Miss Mary Long, by Mrs. McArthur, Mr. Appleby and Mrs. + Gorral--3. + + Chas. Long, by self and son as grocery and dwelling; Chas. Colwell, + Alex. Long, Abraham Craig--5. + + Mrs. Nancy Lackey, by Local Preacher Oram, Miss McJunkin, John + McJunkin--3. + + Joseph Reed, by Samuel Baker, Frank Crawford--2. + + Barn belonging to Sarah Irvine. + + Arthur Rodgers, by self, Mrs. Clancey, Arthur Desmond and Mr. + Long--4. + + Widow Sullivan, by Thos. Sullivan--1. + + John Damary, by self and Thos. Damary--2. + + John Corrigan, by self--1. + + Thos. Currie, by self and John Quinn--2. + + Wm. King's house, damaged considerably. + + _Acadia street, east side, from High street to Main street._--Mrs. + Sarah Irvine, occupied by self, Thomas Kerr, Nancy Irvine, Messrs. + Campbell & Hartt--5. + + Geo. McMonagle, by self as a grocery and dwelling; Widow Nelson, + William McGuire, John McGuire, David Smith--5. + + Mrs. Farson, by Mrs. Gallaher, Mrs. McCacherin--2. + + Geo. McMonagle, by Thomas Sharp and Patrick Bogan--2. + + Alex. Duff (house damaged considerably), by Thomas McGill and Henry + McCarthy--2. + + _Acadia street, west side, from High to Main street._--Joseph Reed, + by self, Andrew Crawford, Wm. McConnell, Mrs. Wark--4. + + Widow Farson, by self as grocery and liquor shop and dwelling; + Jeremiah Sullivan, James Brown, David McBurney, Jeremiah Speight, + widow Marley--6. + + _Portland street, east side, from High street to Main + street._--John Connolly, by Messrs. Smith, as a grocery store, + Capt. Rawlings, of the Portland Police, and by David Speight, as a + boarding house--3. + + Methodist Parsonage, occupied by Rev. Mr. Teed, Pastor of the + Portland Methodist Church--1. + + [The houses of Mr. McColgan are mentioned in connection with + buildings on Main and Chapel streets.] + + _High street, north side, from Portland street east to + water._--John Brooks, by George Wetmore, Wm. C. Dunham--2. + + Thomas Polly, by self, John Alcorn, John Humphreys--3. + + George Smith (brick cottage), by self and Robert Smith--2. + + George Ruddock, by self and George Brown--2. + + Widow Ruddock, by Mr. Ellis--1. + + Andrew Myles, by self, Messrs. Porter and Rogers--3. + + Edward Sergeant, by self and Mr. Stantiford--2. + + George Young, by self and Mrs. Upham--2. + + Robert Ewing, by self, Walter Brown, R. A. H. Morrow--3. + + Edward Elliot, by Geo. Jenkins, John Green, Frank Wallace--3. + + Capt. Aubrey, by self and Mr. Reed--2. + + Edward Elliott, by self and Mr. McAllister--2. + + _Portland street from Rankin's wharf to Camden street._--Alex. -- + Ferguson, by self, Captain Buckhard, and Wm. Sleeth. + + Hugh Montague, Robert and Joseph Carson--3. + + John Irvine, by self and Widow Craig. + + John McCachney, by self, mother and Jas. McCachney. + + Geo. Carter, by self, Joseph Murphy, Geo. Carter, Jr.--3. + + T. Travis, by self, as grocery and liquor store and dwelling. + August Mavison, Mr. Wilson, Mrs. Riley and another--5. + + _Camden street, south side, from Portland street to Acadia + street._--James Bartlett, by self, Henry Bartlett, Archibald + Tatton, Capt. Bartlett, James Tubman--5. + + John McJunkin, by self, Capt. Charles Harper, Harry Bassett--3. + + Arthur Kyle, by self, John Cunningham, John O'Connell, Mr. Rebels, + Mrs. McDormott, William, John Hammond--6. + + _Acadia street, from Camden South to water._--Daniel O'Hara, by + self, and Chas. Hara--2. + + Patrick Dawson, by self, Peter Nelson, and a family from the City + burnt district--3. + + Mrs. Hamilton, by self--1. + + Wm. Carter, by self--1. + + _Portland street, west side, from Camden to High street._--Wm. + McIntyre, by self, Geo. Giggy, Geo. Morgan, James Power, Harry + Stephens, Wm. Gillan, and a family from the City burnt district--7. + [In rear house belonging to David Breen, occupied by self and N. + Frizzle.] + + Thomas McMasters, by self, John Boyd, Widow McJunkin, James Ryder, + Messrs. Mullay, Brown and Christopher--7. + + Widow Kerr, by self--1. [Mr. Murdock's house in rear, by one + tenant--1.] + + Wm. A. Moore, occupied by self as a dwelling, John Currie, + groceries; James Pender, Joseph McIntyre, the Misses Darrah--5. + + _Portland street, east side, from Camden to High street._--Richard + Anderson, by self and Samuel Devennie--2. + + Richard Anderson, by William Hill, as a grocery store and dwelling; + John Rubins, tailor shop, James McCord--4. + + Robert McIntyre, by Bernard Gallagher, dwelling and grocery store, + Samuel ----rett, Richard McIntyre--3. + + Robert McIntyre, by self, Ike Munroe, Oliver Colwell, Robert Black, + Ca---- ----rrington--5. + + Wm. McIntyre, by Wm. Maxwell and Robert McMurray--2. + + Wm. McIntyre, by Jacob Brown, Misses Sharp, Duke Brown, Geo. + DeLong, Levi DeLong--5. [House in rear occupied by Joseph Lee and + John Mullay--2.] + + Benj. Lawton, by self and brother--2. + + _Camden street, north side, from Simonds east to water._--Thos. W. + Peters, by Thomas Mansfield, as a dwelling and a grocery store, + John Nowlin, Jeremiah Sullivan and two others--5. + + Thos. W. Peters, by Mr. Leonard and Edward Cutten--2. + + John Higgins, by self--1. + + George Grear, by self, John Ross, John Cooper, Mr. McLean--4. + + Richard Anderson, by Harry Laskey, John Thompson, Miss Osborne--3. + + Widow Wilson, by self, H. Brockings, Widow Bailey--4. [Unoccupied + house in rear.] + + Stephen Murphy, by self, Messrs. Hamilton, Ralston and Hoolahan--4. + + _Acadia street, west side, from Camden to High street._--Wm. + Searle, by Hugh Hutchinson, Wm. Bell--2. + + James Bartlett, by David Doherty, Mr. Fitzgerald--2. + + Robt. McKay, by self, Messrs. Irvine and Munroe--3. + + Mr. Reed, by Thomas Graham and another--2. [Rear house owned by Mr. + Reed.] + + Thomas Youngclaus, by Messrs. Stayhorn, Kirk and Beaton--3. + + James Kyle, by self and Mr. McGee--2. + + Widow Ruddock, by self and a family whose name could not be + learned--2. + + Wm. Elliott, by self, James Smith and John Devennie--3. + + _Acadia street, east side, from Camden street to High + street._--John H. Crawford, by self, as a grocery and dwelling--1. + + Thomas Gillespie, by Mr. Tait, Joseph Allen, Widow Garvey and Widow + Boyne--4. + + _High street, south side, westward from water._--John McDermott, by + self, Patrick Carlin and Thomas Smith--3. + + Miss Daley, by Wm. Peacock, Widow Knodell and Joseph Speight--3. + + George Baxter, by self as dwelling and grocery store; and by Mr. + Dunham--1. + + Geo. Baxter, by Messrs. Wilson, and Kirk and another--3. + + Widow Young, by self, Wm. Young, and George Easty--3. + + Patrick Flynn, by Messrs. Stack and Thompson Kennedy, and Widow + Logan--3. + + James Scott, by self, and James Barbour--2. + + Joseph Sullivan, by self--1. + + Joseph Logan, by self, Widow Buchanan, Widow McDermott--3. + + Temperance Hall, owned by Governor Tilley, J. C. Edwards, and + Portland Division, S. of T. + + _Simonds street, east side, from High street to water._--Andrew + Johnston's house, occupied by four families--1. + + Paul Gillespie, by John Buckley, James Gillespie, and Mr. + Akerley--2. + + Widow, by self, James Spence, and Charles Brown, and two others--5. + + Widow Crawford, by self, as dwelling and grocery shop, and by James + Buckley--2. + + Alex. Urquhart, by self--1. + + Thos. W. Peters, by Widow Morrison, John Morrison and Mrs. + Wilson--3. + + + LOSSES OF INSURANCE COMPANIES. + + + PROVINCIAL. + + Thos. McColgan, $1600 + Methodist Church, 3000 + Wm. Elliott, 1200 + Chas. Long, 1200 + Mrs. S. J. Young, 500 + R. Jones, 600 + ------ + Total, $8100 + + + LANCASHIRE. + + Capt. Aubrey, $800 + Thos. Travis, 800 + Other claims about, 1400 + ------ + Total, $3000 + + + NORTHERN. + + Methodist Church, $4000 + Mrs. Buchanan, 1000 + Geo. Baxter, 800 + Robt. McHarg, 800 + ------ + Total, $6600 + + + NORTH BRITISH AND MERCANTILE. + + Mrs. Gordon, $900 + John Connolly, 1600 + T. W. Peters, 2500 + Methodist Church (re-insurance), 1000 + ------ + Total, $6000 + + + QUEEN. + + Geo. Ruddock, $1200 + Methodist Mission House, 2400 + James Scott, 1700 + H. Montague, 800 + John McKechnie, 800 + Robert Rankin, 2000 + Do., 1500 + R. Ewing, 1200 + E. Sargent, 800 + E. Elliott, 1000 + A. Johnston, 700 + Jas. Pender, 500 + Estate Jas. Kerr, 600 + ------ + $15,200 + Partial losses, 1000 + ------ + Total, $16,200 + + + CITIZENS'. + + Messrs. Corbett, 400 + Mrs. Farson, 1200 + Wm. McIntyre, 1250 + Chas. Long, 1100 + John Bradley, 400 + David Breen, 300 + Wm. Gray, 200 + Mary Long, 400 + Thomas McMaster, 600 + R. McIntyre, 700 + Arthur Rodgers, 700 + Thomas Youngclaus, 800 + ------ + Total, $8050 + + + ROYAL CANADIAN. + + Mary Ann Daley, $600 + + + CANADA FIRE AND MARINE. + + Thomas Aubrey, $100 + Mary Long, 300 + John McDermott, 600 + Ann Leckey, 500 + Margaret Curry, 200 + R. C. Gordon, 1200 + G. F. Smith, 800 + Gertrude Farson, 1500 + F. C. Dunham, 550 + G. F. Jenkins, 500 + John Greer, 500 + John Reed, 200 + ------ + Total, $6950 + + + ÆTNA. + + G. McMonagle, $1000 + McIntyre, 600 + James Bartlett, 300 + A. R. Ferguson, 2000 + ------ + Total, $3900 + + + HARTFORD. + + Jos. Stubbs, $500 + Jas. Boyle, 400 + John Brook, 1000 + Geo. R. Rigby, 300 + Richard Anderson, 1000 + ------ + Total, $3200 + + + IMPERIAL. + + R. A. H. Morrow, $200 + R. Flynn, 1000 + Samuel Gillespie, 1200 + John Brook, 1000 + Wm. Ruddock, estate, 1400 + Mrs. Sarah Irvine, 800 + Robert Rankine, 1500 + ------ + Total, $7100 + + + BRITISH AMERICAN. + + James Bartlett, $400 + Mrs. S. Osborne, 100 + ------ + Total, $500 + + + ISOLATED RISK. + + R. Jones, $ 500 + Chas. Long, 400 + ------ + Total, $900 + + The Guardian, $4000 + The National, 500 + Western, 200 + +At eleven o'clock the Portland Town Council met to consider the best way +in which relief for the sufferers could be administered. The Mayor of +St. John, Dr. Earle, the High Sheriff, and Harris Allan, Esq., of the +Relief and Aid Society, were present. On motion it was resolved that +the council should attend to the wants of the homeless, and committees +were immediately appointed to perform the various duties incumbent on +them. These were Couns. Chesley and Munro, to look up school-houses; +Couns. McLean and Holly, clearing engine house; Couns. Puddington and +Cochran, securing cooking stoves; Couns. Purdy and Hamilton, supplying +provisions; Couns. Gilbert and Austin, straw mattrasses; Chairman, H. +Hilyard and Couns. Chesley, Shelter, His Lordship Bishop Sweeny, and +Messrs. Robert H. Flaherty, and F. Hazen having offered the committee +the use of their buildings, were publicly thanked for their kindly +forethought. On the night of the fire upwards of fifty families were +provided with shelter by the authorities. + +On Monday, 22nd October, at a general meeting of St. John Relief +Committee, it was decided that temporary relief should be at once given +to the poor. This lasted one week. At the expiration of that time the +Board of Directors, consisting of the whole Council of the Town of +Portland were in a position to administer their own relief. The +committees of the societies are as follows:-- + + +EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. + +The Chairman, and Messrs. Chesley, Duff, Puddington and Cochran. + + +SHELTER COMMITTEE. + +Messrs. Gilbert, Austin, Purdy and J. H. Parks. + + +VISITING COMMITTEE. + +Chairman, and Messrs. Holly and Maher. + + +SUBSCRIPTION COMMITTEE. + +Messrs. Puddington, Cochran, Maher and Holly. + +A very efficient ladies' committee was promptly organized, and through +their noble efforts a vast deal of suffering was prevented, Mrs. Simon +Baizley, Mrs. Barnhill, Mrs. D. B. Roberts, Mrs. Thomas Hilyard, Mrs. +Teed, Mrs. Almon and others comprised this committee. + +Up to November 28th, 1877, the following donations have been received in +aid of the people who were burnt out:-- + + +CASH. + + St. John Relief Committee $5,000 00 + Hon. Isaac Burpee 100 00 + Rev. Wm. Armstrong 25 00 + Rev. Geo. Armstrong 20 00 + George A. Schofield 10 00 + A. Cochran, Halifax, N. S. 1 00 + Mrs. Parnther 5 00 + Rev. T. Partridge, collection taken at Rothsay 30 50 + G. Sidney Smith, Esq., 10 00 + Draft from Wheelright, Anderson & Co. Boston, + Mass., $50 American currency 48 50 + Norman Robertson 10 00 + Wm. Wright, Esq., Liverpool, England, £100 stg. 479 32 + Wm. Shives Fisher 4 00 + Proceeds of entertainment at Fairville 50 70 + Proceeds lectures by Bishop Fallowes of the + Reformed Episcopal Church 45 00 + Collection from St. Jude's Church, S. S. + Thanksgiving Day 12 75 + George W. Roberts, Liverpool 100 00 + + +SUPPLIES. + + P. Nase & Son, twenty barrels potatoes, one chest tea. + Vroom & Arnold, thirty barrels potatoes. + James J. Follows, two barrels cabbages. + Chas., Fawcett, (Sackville, N. B.) four stoves. + Manchester, Robertson & Allison, goods to amount of one hundred + dollars. + Geo J. Fisher, thirty rolls roofing paper. + Thomas Cusack, blankets to value of $75. + + + + +Transcriber's Note + + +Illustrations have been moved near the relevant section of the text. + +I have used "=" in the text to denote use of an ornamental font. + +Inconsistencies have been retained in hyphenation, punctuation, +spacing between initials, spacing between alphabetic sections in +lists, italicization and capitalization except where indicated in +the list below. Alphabetization of list items has been left as-is +as has double punctuation such as ".:". The author has stated that +this book "has many imperfections" due to the speed in which it was +prepared in order to meet the publisher's timeline. It is clear that +some sections of the text were more carefully edited than others +prior to publishing. Consequently, I have made (and notated) +typographical corrections only for sections in which the majority of +the text adheres to a general standard of hyphenation, punctuation, +etc. + +Within Footnote "M," there is a picture of a pointing hand within the +text. Instead of the hand symbol, I used "==>". + +Here is a list of the minor typographical corrections made: + + - "1831" changed to "1841" on Page iv + - "Palace" changed to "Place" on Page v + - "Andrews" changed to "Andrew's" on Page v + - Period added after "Cent" on Page vi + - "Elgir" changed to "Elgin" on Page 32 + - Period removed ampersand on Page 32 + - "D. D." changed to "D.D." on Page 43 + - "to day" changed to "to-day" on Page 45 + - "hun" changed to "hundred" on Page 57 + - Text before "Legislature" is unclear and has been replaced by a + long dash + for Footnote E at the end of Chapter V + - Long space removed between "priests" and "who" on Page 75 + - Period added after "Friary" on for Footnote E at the end of + Chapter VI + - "gronnds" changed to "grounds" on Page 85 + - Comma added after "Esq." on Page 87 + - "The" changed to "the" for Footnote "M" at the end of Chapter + VII + - Comma changed to period after "Holmes" for Footnote "M" at the end + of Chapter VII + - Comma changed to a period after "eyes" on Page 102 + - Period added after "A" on Page 111 + - Period added after "BANK" on the caption for the illustration that + is now on Page 113 + - Extra space removed after "that" on Page 117 + - Period added after "Capt" on Page 126 + - Double quote added before "O" on Page 132 + - Comma added after "&c." on Page 132 + - Period added after "Mr" on Page 134 + - "Esq,," changed to "Esq.," on Page 135 + - "Esq,," changed to "Esq.," on Page 137 + - "the" added before "loveliest" on Page 140 + - Period added after "St" on Page 141 + - Period added after "Street" on Page 143 + - Period added after "side" on Page 151 + - Period added after "Rev" on Page 165 + - "p 166." removed from the anchor to Footnote S on page 165 since it + refers to placement of the footnote in the printed version of book + - "citty," changed to "Citty" followed by an emdash on Page 167 + - Period added after "present" on Page 167 + - "depart ments" changed to "departments" on Page 182 + - Comma removed after "Mouldings" on Page 185 + - Comma removed after "Brunswick" on Page 185 + - Comma removed after "Scotia" on Page 185 + - Comma removed after "Montreal" on Page 185 + - Comma added after "Cameron" on Page 185 + - Comma removed after "Co." on Page 185 + - Comma added after "Coughlan" on Page 186 + - Comma removed after "jr." on Page 186 + - Comma added after "Torre" on Page 187 + - Comma removed after "Logan" on Page 192 + - Comma added after "Leonard" on Page 192 + - Comma added after "Lipman" on Page 192 + - Comma added after "Littlejohn" on Page 192 + - Comma added after "May" on Page 193 + - Comma removed after "Pengilly" on Page 196 + - Space added after "Stewart" on Page 200 + - "Auctioner" changed to "Auctioneer" on Page 200 + - Comma added after "Wetmore" on Page 201 + - "Oddfellows" changed to "Odd Fellows" to match + Table of Contents on Page 203 + - Period added after "due" on Page 203 + - "bbls." changed to "bls" on Page 220 + - "ORTH" changed to "NORTH" on Page 221 + - Comma removed after "McNamara" on Page 223 + - Comma removed after "Homer" on Page 233 + - Comma removed after "McLaughlin" on Page 233 + - Colon after "$1,250" changed to a semicolon on Page 239 + - "fir" changed to "fire" on Page 241 + - "hese" changed to "These" on Page 248 + - Comma added after "happy" on Page 248 + - "1,000" changed to "$1,000" on Page 252 + - Period changed to a comma after "volume" on Page 259 + - "iscover" changed to "discover" on Page 260 + - Comma added after "works" on Page 262 + - "a a" changed to "a" on Page 264 + - Comma changed to a period after "Ont" on Page 271 + - Comma changed to a period after "Me" on Page 271 + - $ added before "2" on Page 271 + - There is an initial after "Alex.", but it is unclear. I have + replaced it with a short dash on Page 286 + - The name after "Samuel" is unclear. I have replaced the missing + section with a long dash on Page 287 + - Both names are unclear. I have replaced the missing sections with + long dashes on Page 287 + - Period added after "Mrs" on Page 288 + - Comma added after "about" on Page 288 + - Comma removed after "stg." on Page 292 + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Story of the Great Fire in St. +John, N.B., June 20th, 1877, by George Stewart + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STORY OF THE GREAT FIRE *** + +***** This file should be named 39260-8.txt or 39260-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/2/6/39260/ + +Produced by Robin Monks, Linda Hamilton, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license + + +Title: The Story of the Great Fire in St. John, N.B., June 20th, 1877 + +Author: George Stewart + +Release Date: March 25, 2012 [EBook #39260] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STORY OF THE GREAT FIRE *** + + + + +Produced by Robin Monks, Linda Hamilton, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive) + + + + + + +</pre> + + +<a name="cover"></a><div class="figcenter" style="padding-bottom:2em;"> +<img src="images/z001_cover.jpg" border="0" alt="Cover: The Story of the GREAT FIRE IN St. John, N.B. JUNE 20th 1877" title="" width="485" height="700"> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"> +<a name="frontispiece"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:430px;padding-bottom:2em;"> +<img src="images/z006_germain_st_church.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="437" height="700"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">RUINS OF THE GERMAIN ST. BAPTIST CHURCH BY MOONLIGHT.</p> +<p class="caption2">From a Sketch by John C. Miles, Artist.</p></div> + +<div class="linearound newpg"> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:2.25em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:1em;">THE STORY</p> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:.75em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:1em;">OF THE</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z009_title.png" border="0" alt="Great Fire in St. John, N.B." +title="" width="700" height="143"> +</div> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.25em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:1em;">JUNE 20<span class="smcap">th</span>, 1877.</p> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:.75em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:2.5em;margin-bottom:.3em;">BY</p> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.2em;margin-bottom:.3em;">GEORGE STEWART, <span class="smcap">Jr.</span>,</p> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.2em;margin-bottom:1em;"><i>OF ST. JOHN, N.B.</i></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="padding-bottom:2em;padding-top:2em;"> +<img src="images/z009_line.png" border="0" alt="------" +title="" width="350" height="21"> +</div> +<a name="author"></a><div class="figcenter" style="padding-bottom:.3em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z009_toronto.png" border="0" alt="Toronto:" +title="" width="150" height="33"> +</div> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.25em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.1em;margin-bottom:.4em;">BELFORD BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS.</p> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.1em;margin-bottom:1.75em;margin-right:8%;margin-left:8%;">ST. JOHN, N.B.: R. A. H. MORROW; MONTREAL, P. Q.:<br> +DAWSON BROS.; TORONTO, ONT.: JAS. CLARKE &<br> +CO.; DETROIT, MICH.: CRAIG & TAYLOR;<br> +BOSTON: LOCKWOOD, BROOKS & CO.</p> + +</div> + +<a name="paper"></a><div class="figcenter newpg" style="padding-bottom:3em;padding-top:3em;"> +<img src="images/z008_paper.png" border="0" alt="PAPER MANUFACTURED BY CANADA PAPER COY MONTREAL" +title="" width="170" height="184"> +</div> + + +<p class="chapterdescribe" style="margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%">Entered according to the Act of Parliament of Canada, in the year one thousand +eight hundred and seventy-seven, by <span class="smcap">Belford Brothers</span>, in the office of the +Minister of Agriculture.</p> + + +<div style="text-align:left;padding-bottom:3em;padding-top:2em;margin-left:15%;"> +<img src="images/z008_hunter.png" border="0" alt="HUNTER, ROSE, & CO, PRINTERS AND BINDERS, TORONTO." +title="" width="250" height="154"> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:.9em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:2em;margin-bottom:.1em;">TO</p> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.25em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.75em;margin-bottom:.3em;"><i>GILBERT MURDOCH, C. E.</i>,</p> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:.9em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.75em;margin-bottom:.3em;">MY FIRST FRIEND,</p> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.75em;margin-bottom:.3em;">I DEDICATE THIS VOLUME.</p> + +<div style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;margin-right:20%;"> +<img src="images/z009_author.png" border="0" alt="The Author." +title="" width="150" height="49"> +</div> + +<!-- Page iv --><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv"></a> + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"> +<h2><a name="CONTENTS" id="CONTENTS"></a>CONTENTS.</h2> + +<hr style="width: 10%;"> + +<table border="0" width="95%" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="2" summary="Contents" align="center"> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER I.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="bottom"> +<td width="90%"> </td> +<td align="right" valign="bottom" width="10%"><span class="smaller">PAGE</span></td> +</tr> + +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Great Fire—Its Extent—Its Terrible Rapidity—A Glance Backward—What +the People Passed Through—The First Fire—Protective Movements—The People who Lent the City Money—Minor +Fires—Fire of 1823—The Great Fire of 1837—The Calamity of 1839—The Trials of +<a name="tn_png_z010"></a><!--TN: "1831" changed to "1841"-->1841—The King Street Fire</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_I">9</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER II.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Late Fire—Its Origin—Bravery of the Firemen—The High Wind—The +Fire's Career—Fighting the Flames—Almost Lost—The Escape +from the Burning Building—Destruction of Dock Street—Smyth +Street in Flames—The Wharves—Demolition of Market +Square—Something about the Business Houses there—The Banks—Fire +Checked at North Street</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_II">19</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER III.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Fire in King Street—Recollections—The Old Coffee House Corner—The +Stores in King Street—The Old Masonic Hall—The St. John +Hotel—Its Early Days—The Bell Tower—King Square—A Night +of Horror—The Vultures at Work—Plundering the Destitute</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_III">27</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER IV.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Fire in Germain Street—The First Brick House in St. John—Old +Trinity—The Loyalists—Curious Ideas about Insurance—The Rectors +<!-- Page v --><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v"></a>of Trinity—The Clock—The Royal Arms</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_IV">36</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER V.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Old Curiosity Shop on Germain Street—A Quaint Old <a name="tn_png_z011a"></a><!--TN: "Palace" changed to "Place"-->Place—"Rubbish +Shot Here"—Notman's Studio—The Mother of Methodism—Destruction +of the Germain Street Methodist Church—Burning +of the Academy of Music—The Old Grammar School—Presbyterians +among the Loyalists—The "Auld Kirk"—Saint <a name="tn_png_z011"></a><!--TN: "Andrews" changed to "Andrew's"-->Andrew's—The +Grants of Land—Legislation—The Building of the Kirk—Ministers—The +"Victoria" in Flames—Fascination of the Fire—The +"Victoria" in Ruins—What might have saved it</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_V">48</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER VI.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Odd Fellows' Hall—The Fire in Horsfield Street—The sweep along +Germain Street—The Old Baptist Church—Some Early Ministers—Two +Fiery Ordeals—The Brick Church—The Ruins—The Bay +View Hotel—An Old Landmark Gone—The Blazing Barracks—St. +James's—The Hazon House—St. Malachi's Chapel—The First Roman +Catholic Church</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_VI">65</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER VII.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">A Hard-Working Manager—The Dramatic Lyceum—The Temperance +Hall—The Water-Works Building—A Hard Fight—Another Rush +of the Homeless—The Weary March of the Unfortunates—History +of the Water Supply—Early Struggles—Changes—The Old Way—The +St. John Water Company—Placed in Commission—The Company +to-day</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_VII">76</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER VIII.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">Burning of the Leinster Street Baptist Church—The Varley School—Centenary +Chapel—The Gas Works—$17,000 worth of Coal burned +in Ten Days—The Tall Sentinel—St. David's Kirk—The Reformed +Presbyterian Church—The Victoria School—Gigantic Ruins—An +<!-- Page vi --><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi"></a>Accident—Sketch of the School-house</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_VIII">90</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER IX.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">Queen Square—Incidents in the Burning—The Old Pitcher—"God is +burning up the World, and He won't make another"—Saved from +the Flames—Overtaken by Fire Three Times—The Night of Terror +on Queen Square—Alone amidst Perils—The Lone House on the +Square—Three People under a Table—The Sailor—"If I die to-night, +sir, hunt them up"—The Escape—The Deserted Streets—An +Anomaly—The Marine Hospital—What a few Buckets of Water +did—The Wiggins Orphan Asylum—The Block in Canterbury +Street—The <i>News</i> Office—Savings Bank</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_IX">101</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER X.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">Incidents—An Old Corner Burned Down—The Lenders and Borrowers—"Twenty +per <a name="tn_png_z012"></a><!--TN: Period added after "Cent"-->Cent."—The Shylocks of the Curbstone—The Human +Barometers—The Vultures of Commerce—Chubbe's Corner—The +Old Commercial Bank—The <i>Telegraph</i> Office—The Bank of +New Brunswick—A Hard Worked Cashier—The Post Office—Not +a Mail Lost—Quick Dispatch—The Nethery House and Orangemen—The +Royal Hotel—The Custom House—The Dead of the Conflagration</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_X">114</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER XI.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Old House on the Hill—A Wily Commissary—The Bags of Gold—What +was Done at Midnight—The Dead of Night Deposit—The +Old Vault—A Timid Money Lender—Mr. Peter Johnson—The +Board of Commissioners—The Old Gentleman's Little Joke—The +Inspection—How it was Discovered—The Fight with the Flames—"How +much will I Get"—What he Got—The Oil Barrels—Dashing +the Water on the Kerosene—A Lively Time on Reed's Point Wharf—The +Bridge of Fire—On the Ferry-Boat—The Western Union +<!-- Page vii --><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii"></a>Telegraph Office—The First Despatch</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_XI">129</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER XII.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">A Thrilling Incident—The Burning House—The Tall Figure on the +Hall—Escape Cut Off—The Only Way Out—The Street of Fire—Walking +on Coals—The Open Boat—The Way to the Wharf—Terrible +Suffering—The Awful Death on the Street—Worn Out—The +Escape—Saved—The Firemen—How they Fought the Flames</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_XII">144</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER XIII.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">A Chapter of Incidents—Agony on Board—Coming Up the Harbour—The +Story of the Moths—The Newly Married Lady's Story—No +Flour—Moving Out—Saving the Drugs—The Man with the Corn +Plasters—Incendiarism—Scenes—Thievery—The Newspapers—Enterprise—Blowing +Down the Walls—An Act of Bravery—The Fatal +Blast—Danger and Death in the Walls—Accidents—The Fire and +the Church—The Ministers</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_XIII">155</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER XIV.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">"I went againe to the ruines, for it was no longer a Citty"—The Drive +by Moonlight—Through the Ruins—After the Fire—A City of +Ashes—The Buried Silver—The Sentinel Chimneys—The Home of +Luxuriance—A Recollection—The Moon and the Church—Back +again</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_XIV">167</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER XV.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">Aid for St. John—The First Days—How the Poor were Fed—Organization +of the St. John Relief and Aid Society—Its System—How +it operates—The Rink—The Car Shed—List of Moneys and Supplies +<!-- Page viii --><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii"></a>received—The Noble Contributions</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_XV">175</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER XVI.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Odd Fellows and the Fire—Relief Committee at Work—Searching +out the Destitute Brethren—Helping the Sufferers—The Secret Distribution +of Aid—List of Donations</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_XVI">203</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER XVII.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Losses of the Masonic Fraternity—Great Destruction of Masonic +Regalia and Paraphernalia—Organization of the General Masonic +Board of Relief—Amount received in Aid of the Suffering Brethren</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_XVII">239</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER XVIII.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Destruction—The Loss—Estimates—The Acreage and Streetage—Has +the Land Decreased in Value?—Incomes swept away—What +is Left—Hope!—The Insurance—The Corporation Loss—The Dominion +Loss—Additional Deaths—The Wounded—The Orange +Body</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_XVIII">244</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="heading"><p class="tocheading">CHAPTER XIX.</p></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="left" style="width: 90%; padding-bottom: 0!important;"> +<span class="toctext">The Books we have Lost—"The Lost Arts"—The Libraries of St. John +which were Burned—The Pictures which were Lost—The few that +were Saved—A Talk about Books and Pictures—The Future—What +St. John Men must Do—Acknowledgments—Conclusion of +the Story of the Fire</span></td> +<td valign="bottom" width="10%" align="right"> <a href="#CHAPTER_XIX">259</a></td> +</tr> +</table> + + + +<hr class="newpg" style="width: 65%;"> +<a name="LIST_OF_ILLUSTRATIONS " id="LIST_OF_ILLUSTRATIONS"></a> +<h2 style="padding-bottom:.75em;">LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.</h2> + +<hr style="width: 10%;"> +<ul style="margin-left:10%;margin-right:15%;list-style-type: none;padding-top:1em;"> + + +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#frontispiece">RUINS OF THE GERMAIN ST. BAPTIST CHURCH BY MOONLIGHT (<i>Frontispiece</i>).</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#panorama">THE NORTHERN AND EASTERN PANORAMIC VIEW OF ST. JOHN, 1828 OR '30.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#maritime">MARITIME BLOCK (1873) SHOWING VIEW OF PRINCE WILLIAM ST.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#prevent">THE BUILDING WHICH PREVENTED THE FIRE FROM EXTENDING UP KING ST.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#king">KING STREET.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#brick">PINE'S BRICK BUILDING KING ST., THE ONLY BRICK BUILDING BETWEEN CANTERBURY AND GERMAIN STS.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#belltower">BELL TOWER AND KING SQUARE.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#johnhotel">VIEW OF KING ST., SHOWING ST. JOHN HOTEL, 1837.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#north">NORTH SIDE KING ST. AND BELL TOWER.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#trinity">TRINITY CHURCH.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#academy">ACADEMY OF MUSIC.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#andrewskirk">ST. ANDREW'S KIRK.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#victoriahotel">VICTORIA HOTEL.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#germainvictoria">GERMAIN STREET, SHOWING VICTORIA HOTEL.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#queen">VIEW FROM QUEEN SQUARE.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#wentworth">WENTWORTH STREET.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#burnt_district">BURNT DISTRICT, SHOWING GAS HOUSE CHIMNEY AND SMOKING RUINS, TAKEN FROM LOWER COVE.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#westernside">WESTERN SIDE OF CITY, TAKEN FROM LOWER COVE, SHOWING RUINS OF GAS WORKS.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#victoriaschool">VICTORIA SCHOOL HOUSE, CORNER OF DUKE AND SYDNEY STREETS.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#viewqueen">VIEW FROM QUEEN SQUARE.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#canterbury">CANTERBURY ST., SHOWING RICHIE'S BUILDING IN THE DISTANCE.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#insidesavings">INSIDE THE SAVINGS BANK.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#princebefore">PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#princewilliam">PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#ruins">RUINS OF BANK OF NEW BRUNSWICK.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#newpost">NEW POST OFFICE.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#customshouse">RUINS OF CUSTOM HOUSE FROM NORTH END AND EAST SIDE.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#temporary">THE TEMPORARY W. U. TEL. OFFICE.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#kingafter">KING SQUARE AFTER THE FIRE, ENCAMPMENT OF THE 97TH REGIMENT.</a></li> +<li class="toctext" style="margin-bottom:.5em;"><a href="#skating">SKATING RINK.</a></li> +</ul> + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 9 --><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9"></a> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.75em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:1em;">THE STORY</p> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:.75em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:1em;">OF THE</p> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:2em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:1em;">GREAT FIRE IN ST. JOHN, N.B.</p> + + +<hr style="width: 30%;"> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_I" id="CHAPTER_I"></a>CHAPTER I.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The Great Fire—Its Extent—Its Terrible Rapidity—A Glance Backward—What +the People Passed Through—The First Fire—Protective Movements—The +People Who Lent the City Money—Minor Fires—Fire of +1823—The Great Fire of 1837—The Calamity of 1839—The Trials of +1841—The King Street Fire.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">One</span> of the most destructive fires of modern times occurred +at St. John, N.B., on Wednesday, the 20th June, 1877. It +was more calamitous in its character than the terrible conflagration +which plunged portions of Chicago into ruin, +and laid waste the great business houses of Boston a few +years ago. In a relative sense, the St. John fire was a +greater calamity, and its people for a time suffered sterner +hardships. The fire in the large American cities was confined +to a certain locality, but in St. John an immense area +of territory was destroyed in the incredibly short space of +nine hours, and fully two-fifths of the entire city were laid +in ashes, and one thousand six hundred and twelve houses<!-- Page 10 --><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10"></a> +levelled to the earth. The fire raged with overwhelming +violence, carrying in its wake everything that came before +it. At one time three portions of the city were burning at +once, and all hope of checking the conflagration died in the +hearts of men as the terrific volume of flame thundered and +crackled, and hissed in sheets over their heads. The blinding +smoke rolled heavenwards in a thick heavy mass; the +flying embers were carried along for miles, and the brisk +north-western wind brought the destroying flame to a +thousand households. Men and women stood paralyzed in +the streets, fearing the worst and hoping against hope. +Those who had worked all afternoon trying to save their +property now sank to the earth and barely escaped with +their lives, for the fire was upon them. Nothing appeared +to stay the march of the fiend. Immense piles, that seemed +to stand like an army of picked guardsmen, were swept +away in an instant; granite, freestone, brick and marble +were as ineffectual in staying the conflagration as the dryest +tinder-box houses which fed the flames at every turn. +Even old stone buildings that had stood for sixty years, in +the outskirts of the city, and had withstood many a serious +fire before, now crumbled and tumbled before the conquering +scourge.<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a> 200 acres were destroyed, all that part of +the city south of King Street, regiments of houses, stores +and public buildings were burned, and the fire was only +stayed when the water-line prevented its going further. +The boundary of the burnt district followed a line on the<!-- Page 11 --><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11"></a> +eastern and northern sides of Union Street to Mill Street, +Mill Street to Dock Street, northern and eastern sides of +Market Square, centre of King Street to Pitt Street, Pitt +Street to its junction with the water; thence around by +the harbour-line to the starting point. In brief, this was +the battle-ground through which the grand charge of the +fire was made—unparalleled in its brilliancy by any similar +exploit which the annals of military deeds unfold. Men, +horses, rows of stoutest building material, steam, water, all +succumbed and went down like chaff before the whirlwind. +Nothing was too strong to resist, nothing too weak to +receive clemency.</p> + +<p>A glance at the earlier history of St. John will show +that destructive fires have been of frequent occurrence, +and its people have suffered much from this system of +devastation. In 1784, on Friday, the 18th June, the first +fire of which we have any knowledge took place. At that +time it was considered a terrible blow, and the sparse population +thought that many years would elapse before the +little city could recover from the wreck which the fire had +made. Eleven houses were burned, and a large number +of discharged soldiers of the 42nd Regiment were the principal +sufferers. About this time a woman and child were +burned to death at the Falls, and seven houses in this +quarter were destroyed.</p> + +<p>In April, 1787, the people decided to take active measures +for protection against fire, and accordingly the following +document was drawn up:</p> + +<!-- Page 12 --><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12"></a> +<blockquote><p>We, the subscribers, taking into our serious consideration +the alarming situation of the city for want of fire-engines +and public wells, should a fire break out in any +part of it, and, at the same time, being sensible of the present +inability of the city corporation to advance money +for the purpose, do severally promise to pay the mayor, +aldermen and commonalty, of the City of St. John (or to +such persons as they shall appoint), the several sums annexed +to our names as a loan upon interest, for the purpose +of importing from London two suitable fire-engines, +and for sinking a sufficient number of public wells in this +city.</p> + +<p>"Which several sums the said corporation have engaged +to repay to each separate subscriber with interest annually, +as soon as their funds will enable them so to do, as appears +by an abstract from the minutes of the common council, +dated the 20th March last:</p> + +<p style="text-align:right;margin-right:5%;padding-bottom:.7em;">"City of St. John, N.B., 5th April, 1787.</p> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Subscriber Repayment Figures" align="center"> +<tr><th width="5%"> </th><th width="75%" colspan="2"><th width="5%" align="center">£</th><th width="5%" align="center">s.</th><th align="center">d.</th><th width="5%"> </th></tr> +<tr><td align="right">"</td><td align="left" colspan="2">Gabriel G. Ludlow (Mayor)</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Ward Chipman (Recorder)</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Jonathan Bliss (Atty.-General)</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">James Putnam (Judge)</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Christopher Billop</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Zeph Kingsley</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Samuel Randall</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Gilbert & Hanford</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Isaac Bell</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Robert Parker</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">BENEDICT ARNOLD</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">William Wyly</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2"><!-- Page 13 --><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13"></a>Mark Wright</td><td align="right">3</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">C. C. Hall & Co.</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">William Pagan</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">John Colwell</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Thomas Bean</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Francis Gilbert</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Samuel Hallet</td><td align="right">3</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">William Hazen</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">James Ruon</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">John Califf</td><td align="right">4</td><td align="right">13</td><td align="right">4</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Isaac Lawton</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Samuel Mills</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Paul Bedell</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">William Wanton (Collector Custom)</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Adino Paddock, M. D.</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">McCall & Codner</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Thomas Horsfield</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" width="35%">John McGeorge</td><td align="left" rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;"><span +style="font-size:3.25em;">}</span></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left">Thos. Elliot</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left">William Bainy</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Thompson & Reed</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Christopher Lowe, (King's Printer)</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">W. S. Olive, (Sheriff)</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Wm. Whittaker</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Peter Quin</td><td align="right">3</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Charles Warner</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Abiather Camp</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">James Peters</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Daniel Michean</td><td align="right">3</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Fitch Rogers</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Munson Jarvis</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Nehemiah Rodgers</td><td align="right">5</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="left" colspan="2">Edward Sands</td><td align="right">3</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="right">0</td><td align="left">."</td></tr> +</table> + + +</blockquote> + +<!-- Page 14 --><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14"></a> + +<p>On the 2nd February, 1786, the corporation paid Peter +Fleming £136 6s. 8d. for two fire engines. These must +have proved ineffectual, for the reader will notice that the +above loan was made up hardly a year afterward, and the +present sum was raised for the special purpose of buying +London engines, and sinking wells.</p> + +<p>The movement was not inaugurated a moment too soon, +for in 1788 the following year, a fire occurred in the store +of General Benedict Arnold, of revolutionary fame, which +threatened to become very serious before it was got under +way. Arnold's store was situate in Lower Cove, where +the sewing machine factory adjoining John E. Turnbull's +sash factory stood, till the late besom of fire swept it +away. A good deal of excitement was occasioned at the +time of the fire in Arnold's premises. His former partner, +Hoyt, charged him with setting fire to the store. Arnold +sued him for slander, and recovered a verdict of twenty +shillings!</p> + +<p>The next fire broke out in 1816 in a large two-story +house on the corner of Germain and Britain Streets, occupied +by a military physician named Davis. The doctor +and his wife were saved from burning by the heroic conduct +of their next door neighbour. A party of soldiers +were engaged the next day sifting the ashes and searching +for the silver which had melted; not a trace of it was +found however.</p> + +<p>The fire of 1823 was a very serious one, and caused +great destruction. It began on Disbrow's Wharf and took +along with it nearly both sides of Prince William Street;<!-- Page 15 --><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15"></a> +the old wooden building on the latter street lately occupied +by <i>The Telegraph</i> newspaper, alone escaped. The +lot on which it stood cost Dr. Adino Paddock five shillings +in 1786. During this fire over forty houses were +burned, and the loss of property and goods was estimated +at £20,000, which in those days was felt to be enormous.</p> + +<a name="panorama"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z025_panorama.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="425"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">THE NORTHERN AND EASTERN PANORAMIC VIEW OF ST. JOHN, 1828 OR '30.</p> +</div> + +<p>The fire of 1837 will linger long in the memory of +many of the inhabitants of St. John. It was the most +wholesale destruction of property which the people had +ever known. Many to-day contrast the misfortunes of +that day with those of the present hour. Even when the +flames were carrying death and destruction on all sides +on that warm day in June, 1877, men stopped to compare +notes and whisper a word or two about the fire of 1837. +Of course the loss was not as great then, or the number +of lives lost so large, or so much valuable property destroyed +as at the present time, but the people were less +able to bear the trials which came upon them then, and +many never recovered from the shock. The city was +young and struggling to gain a foothold. The city was +poor and the people were frugal. They were not able to +bear the burdens which were in a night entailed upon +them, the magnificent system of relief from outside +sources was not in operation, and without help of any +kind save that which they themselves brought into requisition, +the citizens nobly worked long and hard to rebuild +their little seaport town. There was a prejudice +against insurance, and many lost every dollar they posses<!-- Page 16 --><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16"></a>sed. +The hardships of those days are remembered by +many who passed through them then, and who once more +endure the horrors of a great calamity with almost Spartan +courage. The time of the '37 fire was in the very +heart of a rigorous winter, on the 13th of January, and +we can only picture the destruction of Moscow to enable +the reader to understand how terrible the sufferings of +the people must have been, when snow and ice were on +the ground, and not a shelter covered the heads of the +afflicted women and tender babes. It was a day remembered +long after by those who had passed through its +trials. The fire originated on Peters's Wharf, and in a +moment, like lightning, it darted along South Market +Wharf and extended up to the ferry boat. Both sides of +Water Street and Prince William Street between Cooper's +Alley and Princess Street were destroyed. The old Nichols +House was saved; it was occupied then by Solomon +Nichols and stood on the corner of Cooper's Alley and +Prince William Street, lately the site of Farrall & Smith's +dry goods store. It was originally built of wood and it +was a marvel that it was not carried away with the rest; +but it stood like an oasis in Sahara, or the old sentinel +who was left on guard and forgotten after the army had +fled. One hundred and fifteen houses were consumed, +and nearly the whole of the business portion of the city, +and one million dollars' worth of property were destroyed.</p> + +<a name="maritime"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:558px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z129_maritime_block.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="563" height="700"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption" style="margin-bottom:.1em;">MARITIME BLOCK (1873) SHOWING VIEW OF PRINCE WILLIAM ST.</p> +<p class="caption2">Climo, Photo.</p> +</div> + +<p>Hardly had the people recovered from the disaster of +1837, when another scourge came upon them causing +nearly as much destruction as before. This was in August,<!-- Page 17 --><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17"></a> +1839, when a fire started in Nelson Street and burned the +entire north wharf, both sides of Dock Street, Market +Square, with the exception of the house standing on the +site now occupied by the Bank of British North America, +and a house on Union Street west, occupied by Mr. +Hegan. It didn't cross Prince William Street. The old +Government House, Union Street, escaped.</p> + +<p>The spring of 1841, 17th March, was the scene of another +fire, when four lives were lost and much excitement +prevailed. Mr. Holdsworth, of Holdsworth & Daniel, +(London House) perished while endeavouring to keep off +the sparks from the roof of his store.</p> + +<p>On the 26th August, a £30,000 fire in Portland carried +off sixty houses; and on the 15th November, 1841, a fire +broke out on the South Wharf and burned the whole of +that wharf together with Peter's Wharf, south side of +Water Street, and the large brick Market-house in Market +Square, which was occupied by butchers in the ground +flat, and used for the civic offices in the second story. +This building could have been saved, and was lost through +gross carelessness. Incendiarism was rampant and the +greatest excitement filled the public mind.</p> + +<p>In 1845, 29th July, forty buildings were burned from +a fire which took its start in Water Street, and in 1849 +the famous King Street fire broke out in a store in Lawrence's +building. The Commercial Hotel, then kept by +the late Israel Fellows, father of James I. Fellows, Chemist, +was destroyed, together with the Tower of Trinity<!-- Page 18 --><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18"></a> +Church, which had to be pulled down that the Church +might be saved. Pilot Mills climbed to the cupola and +secured the fastenings by which it was brought to the +ground.</p> + +<p>The fire in Prince William Street of March 8th of the +present year, which broke out in the building owned by +the Ennis and Gardner estate, and resulted in the loss of +seven lives and nearly two millions of dollars' worth of +property, is still fresh in the minds of our readers.</p> + +<p>Thus the reader will see that St. John has had a goodly +share of the great fires, which, in a moment lay prostrate +a city, and plunge her inhabitants into almost hopeless +ruin. We come now to that day of our last and greatest +tribulation when the city was shook to its very foundation +and was well nigh thrown out of existence.</p> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a> +<a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> The exact acreage, from actual measurement is 200 acres; streetage, 9.6 +miles.</p></div> +</div> + + + +<hr class="newpg" style="width: 65%;"><!-- Page 19 --><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_II" id="CHAPTER_II"></a>CHAPTER II.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The Late Fire—Its Origin—Bravery of the Firemen—The High Wind—The +Fire's Career—Fighting the Flames—Almost Lost—The Escape +from the Burning Building—Destruction of Dock Street—Smyth Street +in Flames—The Wharves—Demolition of Market Square—Something +about the Business Houses there—The Banks—Fire checked at North +Street.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">The</span> great fire, for we must distinguish it by that title, +since in vastness it overpowers all other similar calamities +which have befallen St. John, originated in the late Joseph +Fairweather's building, York Point, Portland, at half past +two on Wednesday afternoon, 20th June. The writer and +Mr. Frederick R. Fairweather were walking down King +Street at the time of the alarm, and, in company with +hundreds of others, visited the scene of what promised +at the time to be a very small affair indeed. When the +place was reached, McLaughlin's boiler shop was in flames +and all efforts of the firemen to put out the fire were +checkmated at every turn by the fierce north-west wind +which was blowing a perfect gale. In a few minutes the +fire spread with alarming rapidity, and houses went down +as if a mine of powder had exploded and razed them. The +wind lifted from the roofs immense brands and sparks, +and by three o'clock the city was in flames at a dozen +points. Lower Cove was on fire, and the dryness of the +houses rendered them as useless to withstand the blaze as +bits of paper would have been. The huge blazing brands<!-- Page 20 --><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20"></a> +were carried along in the air for miles around, and where-ever +they dropped a house went down. The engines +were powerless, and the firemen, though they worked like +heroes, availed but little. The wild, mad flames, now in +sheets, now with a million tongues of angry fork-like columns, +dashed against the wharves, levelling them to the +water's edge, ripping up the pavements of the streets, and +crushing houses out of existence in a single swoop. Nothing +could be done. The leaping demon swept all before him. +Hare's Wharf with its buildings bowed before the destroyer, +and with a roar which thrilled every heart, and unnerved +every man who stood there, the whole force of the +fire dashed into Smyth Street and shattered every +building in it. J. W. Nicholson's wine vaults, Harrison's +flour warehouse, Logan & Lindsay's storehouse, +Robertson Place, which exceeded in value half a million +of dollars, were snapped up in a second. The flames +spread into Drury Lane and Mill Street, and soon both +sides of Dock Street were in the common ruin. But +while this was going on, the rear of the London House, in +Market Square, was threatened and the old barracks in +Lower Cove were on fire. A reinforcement from Carleton +and Portland fire departments came to the assistance of the +firemen at this juncture, and every man worked with a +will. The hose was directed with admirable expertness +but the high wind baffled the efforts of all who stood before +it. It could rise higher than the water, and it could +travel faster than man. A mass of flames at the end of +Smyth Street and Drury Lane burned close to an engine,<!-- Page 21 --><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21"></a> +but the dauntless firemen, holding boards over their heads +to protect their faces and eyes from the heat, gave battle +to the relentless foe. It was a fight of water and human +endurance against fire, and fire prevailed in the end. The +unequal combat lasted some minutes, and it was only +when death seemed imminent that the men drew away, +and even then they only yielded the ground inch by inch, +till they could no longer stand up before the charging +enemy. The fire was now going with headlong speed +down Dock Street. Frantic women wildly sobbing filled +the roads with the few sticks of furniture and portions of +bedding which they had managed to save. Children hastened +along crying aloud, and making the scene more +dreadful as they ran barefooted over the hot sidewalk. +Men with picture frames and books rushed past, calling +and threatening, and moaning. It was a scene terrible in +its reality. People were driven from street to street, +and hurled forward, till, with horror in their blanched +faces, they turned and saw in their rear the wild +flames hemming them in. With many a shriek they +dashed into the side streets. Some ran along Water +Street, only to meet the flames there, and a few +sought refuge in rafts and boats, and sped to Carleton, +losing in the excitement every dollar they +owned in the world. The old McSweeney lime-stone +building, which came to a point on the corner of Union +and Dock Streets, early succumbed and was a mass of +crumbling ruins. It was near this edifice that a woman +rescued her child from instant death, and pulled her<!-- Page 22 --><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22"></a> +away just in time to escape being buried in a mass of +stone, which came tumbling down in a thousand pieces. +The Rankine bakery, another building known far and +wide, suffered demolition, and was soon a heap of ruins. +Some young men, three in number, entered a store on +Mill Street, to avoid the dust and smoke. In a little +while they saw with agony the flames burst in upon them +from the rear door, ten or twelve feet from the entrance. +They called for help, and attempted to gain an exit from +the place which was now filled with heavy black smoke. +Three times they sought the door, and every minute they +began to realize the imminence of their danger. The +flames and smoke drove them back, and now the water +from the hose came tearing into their faces, knocking +their breath away, and saturating them with the wet. +Two jumped with the frenzy of madmen and the wildness +of despair, and landed into the street safe, but paralysed +with fear. The other man groped his way on his hands +and knees along the floor and felt for the door. He succeeded +after enduring much suffering, in crawling into the +street. All that these three saved was on their backs. In +the midst of the commotion in Dock Street, merchants +were busily engaged in securing their books and private +papers, and hurrying out with them. Some trusted to +their safes and locked their doors. The sweep in this +street was a clear one. The old "Hammond House" went +shortly after the McSweeney building, and the Figaro +Opera House followed shortly after. This building was +built a few years ago, as an exhibition hall, by Otis Small,<!-- Page 23 --><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23"></a> +Esq., and leased to Major George Bishop, as a concert +room. He occupied it awhile, and Pete Lee succeeded +him in the lesseeship and management of the concern. +Some excellent performances of the variety kind have +been given in this building. The hall was comfortably +seated and tastefully arranged. Latterly it was converted, +by Prof. Neilson, into a ball-room and dancing academy, +when it received its new name, "Figaro Opera House."</p> + + +<p>Dock Street was soon in ashes, and it was while this +street was burning that a grand rush was made by the +merchants and private bankers, to the Bank of New +Brunswick. Piles of bank notes, bills of exchange, mortgages, +bonds, specie, books of account, ledgers, &c., &c., +were placed in tin boxes, when practicable, and deposited, +through the courtesy of George Schofield, Esq., of the bank, +into the vaults. They were not a moment too soon, for now +the splendid front of the Market Square was in a blaze, and +Hall & Fairweather's store on South Wharf was burning. +An immense amount of damage was being done. On +this square a vast deal of business had been done for +many years, and leading merchants had made and lost +fortunes on its site. The London House, Messrs. Daniel +& Boyd's wholesale establishment, represented a large +value. It stood in the centre of the square, and the +gradual sinking of this structure was a sad but grandly +imposing sight. It was here where enterprise was to be +found, and Daniel & Boyd's name was ever the synonym +for honesty, integrity, and truth. It was in this spacious +warehouse where the busy merchants were to be seen,<!-- Page 24 --><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24"></a> +eager to help the young men of the city, and anxious to +develop the resources of the country. In every good +work, in every deed of charity, Thomas W. Daniel and +John Boyd headed the list, and to them many a young +merchant to-day is indebted for that teaching, which, in +after life, made him honourable in his dealings. This prominent +house was started in 1831 by Holdsworth & Daniel. +The fire of 1839 carried their store away, and for a while +the firm occupied the store known as Jardine's, Prince +William Street. In 1839, the land on the market square +was purchased by Mr. Thos. Daniel for £4,000. (In 1811 +this place was used as a blacksmith's shop.) In 1847, Mr. +Thomas Daniel left the firm and went to England. His +nephew, the present head of the house, Thos. W. Daniel, +began business on his own account, and soon after 1852, +he admitted John Boyd as a partner in the house, under +the style of T. W. Daniel & Co. Shortly after the style +of this firm was changed to Daniel & Boyd. On the +corner to the right of Daniel & Boyd, No. 1 Market Square, +was the staunch old drug establishment of the late W. O. +Smith, Esq. Mr. Smith, the father of our present ex-Mayor, +opened here after the fire of 1839, and the business +has been conducted here till the late fire, by his son, A. +Chipman Smith, since 1871, when his father died in +March of that year. In the adjoining store, so many +years occupied by Lawton & Vassie, Messrs. Manchester, +Robertson & Allison, may be said to have begun business. +They left here, W. W. Jordan taking the store, to occupy +their commodious premises in King Street, which alone<!-- Page 25 --><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25"></a> +kept off the fire from the north side of King Street. The +saving of this building was one of the marvels of the present +calamity. It really held the key to the whole of +this side of the street. But for the laundry and the well +managed protective means employed by the firm and their +friends, the destruction of this house and the entire street +would have been accomplished. Men stood idly in the +courtway folding their arms and telling one another that +the building could not possibly be saved, when Mr. Manchester, +in his short impulsive way, told them if every one +did as they were doing, it could not; but he intended to +use every effort in his power before he gave it up. The +firemen here worked with a will, and were rewarded with +a splendid result. It was on this side of the street that +the Western Union Telegraph Office was situated, and it +and Mr. J. W. Hall's new building were the first to go. +The Maritime Block—a splendid structure—in which the +banks, Maritime, Montreal and Nova Scotia, were established, +and which faced the Market Square, went down +while it was yet daylight. In this building the offices of +the school trustees, Dun, Wiman & Co., A. P. Rolph, Lumber +Exchange, and Board of Trade were held. While +Mr. Rolph was engaged in getting his things ready to +move out, Mr. Richard Thompson's men were hastening in +with silver-ware and jewelry, thinking in their excitement +that this building was at all events safe. Mr. Thompson's +loss is very heavy, and the damage to his elegant +and costly stock is considerable. The lot on which the +Sheffield House stood was offered some years ago, at<!-- Page 26 --><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26"></a> +private sale, to John Wilmot, Esq., father of Senator R. +Duncan Wilmot, by James Brimner, for £2,000. Mr. +Wilmot refused it, and attended the auction sale when it +was knocked down to him for £2,950. The police office +went next, Watts & Turner's, H. & H. McCullough's, +and round again to the north wharf, carrying Lewin & +Allingham, Chas. R. Ray, W. H. Thorne & Co. (retail), and +Thomas M. Reed, along with it. The destruction on the +north wharf totally demolished the establishment of Jas. +Domville & Co., and the books of the firm which had +been taken to the Maritime Bank for safe keeping, were +subsequently burned there. The saving of the Bank of +British North America, the only monetary institution in +the city which resumed business the next day as usual, +was one of those wonderful events which only occur at +rare intervals. The fire roared lustily in the rear of the +bank, but something seemed to command it to halt there, +and advance no further. A large barn went down, and +now it was deemed certain that the bank would go next, but +no, the fire crossed the square, dashed along Water Street, +cut into Ward Street, destroyed a slip full of schooners +and wood boats, slipped into Tilton's Alley, and rushed +along with frightful rapidity on both sides of every +thoroughfare in its way. On the one side of the city the +fire was stopped at North Street, having reached J. & T. +Robinson's house and store.</p> + +<a name="prevent"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:548px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z129_prevent.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="553" height="700"> +<p class="caption">THE BUILDING WHICH PREVENTED THE FIRE FROM EXTENDING UP KING ST.</p> +</div> + + + + + +<hr class="newpg" style="width: 65%;"><!-- Page 27 --><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_III" id="CHAPTER_III"></a>CHAPTER III.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The Fire in King Street—Recollections—The Old Coffee House Corner—The +Stores in King Street—The Old Masonic Hall—The St. John +Hotel—Its Early Days—The Bell Tower—King Square—A Night of +Horror—The Vultures at Work—Plundering the Destitute.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">The</span> fire entered King Street in the western side from +Germain and Canterbury Streets. It began by burning +down Lawton & Vassie's brick store, erected on the site +which contained the famous Bragg building. This stout +building and Bowes & Evan's premises were soon buried +in the common ruin. The fire went along King Street, +destroying Mr. Sharp's dry goods store, Jas. Adams & Co's., +James Manson's magnificent palace, including his safe and +all his valuable papers, John K. Storey's and Magee Bros., +Imperial Block. This last place is quite historic. This +block was erected in 1852, by the late John Gillis. It +was built on the site where the memorable coffee house +stood. Here of an evening for years and years the old +men of the place used to sit and gossip and smoke and +sip their toddy. Here in 1815 they met to learn the +news of the war between France and England, and read +the story of Waterloo four or five months after it was +fought and won. In this sort of Shakspeare tavern, the +leading merchants of the day met and chatted over large +sales, and compared notes. Here a verbal commercial +agency was established, and here delightful old gossips,<!-- Page 28 --><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28"></a> +like busy Sam Pepys and garrulous old busybodies, like +Johnson's Bozzy, met and told each other all about everybody +else's affairs. What a time these old fellows had +every night sitting there in that quaint old coffee house, +chatting and smoking, smoking and chatting again. And +there were Ben Jonsons in those days, who wrote dramatic +pieces and showed them to their friends over a cup of hot +spiced rum. And poets too, full of the tender passion, +sighed out hexameters of love in that old coffee house +so dear to some of the men we meet to-day who lost +everything in the flames on that dark Wednesday in +June. Ah, yes, the grand old coffee house was torn down +in 1852 to make room for the handsome pile of stone and +brick which perished only the other day. The corner is +again bare, and the few who remember the coffee house +are fast passing away.</p> + +<a name="king"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:559px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z055_king_st.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="564" height="700"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">KING STREET.</p> +</div> + +<p>The fire now gained great headway, and soon it was +seen taking prodigious leaps, going ahead, and then seemingly +to dart back again and finish what it had already +begun. The people everywhere were in the wildest state +of excitement. In the back streets the fire was progressing +and destroying the residences of the men who were +trying to save their business property in the marts of +commerce. People sent car loads of their more valuable +goods to places which appeared to be safe, but which +turned out in the end to be of only temporary security. +Men had their stores burned at four and five o'clock, and +their goods burned at seven and eight o'clock. It was +only putting off the evil for a few brief hours. Cartmen<!-- Page 29 --><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29"></a> +charged wildly and exorbitantly—some having to pay as +high as fifty dollars to have carted away a cartload of +stuff. On every roof in King Street clerks and employers +stood with hose and buckets of water, but nothing that +man could do or devise held the flames at bay, or kept +them off for the brief space of a moment. The fire was +determined on a clean sweep, and despite the most strenuous +exertions it had its own way, and baffled the efforts +of those who attempted to stay its fierce will. Beek's corner, +lately in the occupancy of H. R. Smith, bookseller, and a +perfect feeder of a fire like this, was an easy prey, and +with a loud roar its rafters fell, and a well-known corner +was no more. Mullin's shoe store, a building of similar +construction, went down in another moment, and now the +only brick building in the block from Canterbury Street +to Germain Street was attacked by the fire. This +was Pine's brick building, a fine structure which several +years ago Mr. George Jury Pine built, and in which I. & +F. Burpee commenced business, and George Stewart, of +Stewart & White, began trade. Messrs. Della, Torre & +Co. occupied No. 30, and Geo. Stewart, Jr., Druggist, held +the other store, No. 32. The present owner of the building, +Stephen Whittaker, of Fredericton, had lately begun +the erection of a spacious rear addition, and improvements +on a liberal scale had been commenced in the upper +stories. The rest of the building was known as the Russell +House. This building went to pieces about six o'clock. +The photograph rooms were destroyed before Pine's +building went, and the flames sped quickly, carrying be<!-- Page 30 --><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30"></a>fore +them the stores of Bardsley Bros., Scott & Binning, +W. K. Crawford, Geo. Salmon, and Hanington Bros.' +drug store, formerly Fellows & Co.'s establishment on +Foster's Corner, corner King and Germain Streets. The +contents of this store were quickly snapped up by the +fire, and pills and plasters, soaps and perfumes were +spilled about in hopeless profusion and confusion. Mr. +T. H. Hall's twin buildings were across the street, but a +barrier like that was an easy jump for the infuriated +flames. They leaped into the windows, attacked the +wood-work, and with a strong pull the two splendid stone +buildings were borne to the ground, and thousands of dollars' +worth of property lay scattered about in all directions. +Mr. Hall occupied the corner store as a book-store, and T. +L. Coughlan had the other. Dr. J. M. C. Fiske, dentist +held the room overhead.<a name="FNanchor_B_2" id="FNanchor_B_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_B_2" class="fnanchor">[B]</a> The Gordon House, Fred. S. +Skinner's grocery store, a row of wooden shanties, Landry's +brick building, with a rich stock of organs in it, +Logan, Lindsay & Co.'s large grocery, A. & J. Hay's, Geo. +Nixon's, Wm. Warn's bath-rooms, W. H. Watson's, Geo. +Suffren's, W. H. Patterson's, Taylor & Dockrill's, George +Sparrow's, R. McAndrew's, and the United States Hotel, +only lived a short time in the very heart of the fire.</p> + +<a name="brick"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:524px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z075_brick.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="529" height="700"> +<p class="caption">PINE'S BRICK BUILDING KING ST., THE ONLY BRICK BUILDING BETWEEN CANTERBURY AND GERMAIN STS.</p> +</div> + +<p>The fire closed here for a moment, engaging a building +dear from long and good service to the people of St. John, +and eminently historical in its way. The United States +Hotel, as Mr. Hinch, the photographer, called it, when he<!-- Page 31 --><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31"></a> +took possession of it a few years since, was known for +many years as the old Masonic Hall. It stood on the corner +of King Street and Charlotte Street, and was commenced +by the Free and Accepted Masons in 1816. It was decided +to erect this Temple of Masonry at a meeting of the craft +held April 1, 1816. The lot of land was leased from the +corporation of Trinity Church, and on the 28th September +following the corner-stone was laid, on which was inscribed +the following:—</p> + +<p>"This stone of the Masonic Hall was laid on 28th Sept., +1816, of the era of Masonry 5816, and the reign of George +the Third, King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain +and Ireland, in the mayoralty of John Robinson, Esq., +by Thomas Wetmore, Esq., H.M. Attorney-General of +N.B., as Grand Master, substitute of John Pike, Esq,. +Grand Master of the Society of Masons, Nova Scotia, and +the jurisdiction thereof."</p> + + +<a name="belltower"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:557px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z065_bell_tower_king.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="562" height="700"> +<p class="caption">BELL TOWER AND KING SQUARE.</p> +</div> + +<p>The movement was not successful in a pecuniary sense, +for in 1819 the building was sold at sheriffs sale, at suit +of James Hendricks. The purchaser was Israel Lawson. +Mr. Lawson had the building completed, and leased the +third or upper story to the Masons. The room was 60 +feet by 30 feet, with two large ante-rooms. It was in this +room that all the concerts, balls, public parties, and public +meetings given in the city were held for many years. Up +to 1836 the house was known as the Masonic Hall, but +after this year its name was changed. The St. John +Hotel Company was formed, and the building was purchased +from Mr. Lawson and converted into a hotel. It<!-- Page 32 --><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32"></a> +was called the "St. John Hotel," and Mr. Cyrus Stockwell +father of the Honourable Mr. Stockwell, editor of the +<i>Boston Journal</i>, opened it on May 24th, 1837. He was +its first proprietor. A copy of the company's original seal +is given below. It was made of brass, and was two inches +in diameter.</p> + +<a name="medal"></a><div class="figcenter" style="padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z044_medal.png" border="0" alt="Brass Medal" title="" width="300" height="298"> +</div> + + +<p>This was the first hotel in St. John. It was here that +Governor-General Poulet Thompson and Lord <a name="tn_png_z042"></a><!--TN: "Elgir" changed to "Elgin"-->Elgin +stopped, and all the notables who from time to time visited +the city. In 1840, Mr. Stockwell retired, and Messrs. W. +& J. Scammell succeeded him in the management of the +hotel. These enterprising gentlemen set to work at once +to remodel the building, and they soon had it in splendid +working order. The same energy which the present firm +of Scammell Bros. throw into their business, was characteristic +of the old firm of Scammell Bros. in 1840. In +1851, W. <a name="tn_png_z042a"></a><!--TN: Period removed ampersand-->& J. Scammell left the St. John Hotel, and took +up their quarters in the Waverley House, nearly opposite. +The <a href="#johnhotel">picture</a> which accompanies this sketch of the old<!-- Page 33 --><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33"></a> +hotel represents the building as it appeared in 1837. It +is taken from an old picture, and as but two or three +copies were known to exist before the late fire, it is a +question now if more then one copy was saved. The old +St. John Hotel is full of associations, pleasurable in every +case, to travellers who used to come to St. John thirty +and forty years ago. Even in 1858, when Messrs. Whitney +& Adams kept it, it was still a home for the stranger. +There was a freedom about its old rooms, and a positive +luxuriance which one looks for in vain in the hotels of our +later days. About 1861-62, people used to sit in Ned +Sharland's book-store, which was on the ground-flat, and +sketch the Bell-tower, which was then certainly "a thing +of beauty," even if Mr. Warner found it the reverse in 1874, +when he climbed up to the triumphal arch and found it was +made of wood, painted and sanded, instead of solid stone, +as he thought it was. This bell-tower was erected in 1851, +and the large bell which for years tolled out that fire was +at hand, was made in 1852, and came from Meneely's, +West Troy, New York. Before that day, men struck a +gong from a scaffold whenever there was a fire. The +tower was useful even in its latter days, if its beauty +had departed three years ago. The cut which we supply +will give the reader at a distance some idea of the +old tower, as it appeared in its lusty young days. When +the city comes to be built up again, the site of the late +hotel must not be forgotten. It is eminently adapted for +an hotel. It is centrally located, and has a frontage of +120 feet on King Street, by 100 feet on Charlotte Street.<!-- Page 34 --><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34"></a> +King Square did much to stay the onward march of the +fire. It was a haven of rest for those weary ones who +were flying from the flames, with the few things they +had saved from the burning. It was the camping ground +of the soldiery, and the hospital bed of the sick and +wounded, who were borne to the fresh grass, and laid there +until help was brought to them. The Square, the first +few days of the fire, was filled with furniture, and books, +and household utensils. It was in this square that half-famished +women, that night, hugged their little ones to +their hearts, and rocked them, hungry and cold, on the +sward till they went to sleep, only to awaken again and +cry for something to eat. It was here that women +gathered into slips the flying feathers that danced upon +the grass and were the playthings of the wind, trying to +save enough of what remained to make a rest for their +heads. It was here they sat with wildly staring eyes, +looking out into the night, while all around them the +embers flew about, and the heavens were red with the +sporting flames. It was before this that the Bell-tower +fell with a deafening crash, and many a heart quailed in +the Square, for this told that another historic fragment +was swept away, and that the terrible fire was near at +hand. Sobbing children ceased their wailing for a time, +and feeble mothers prayed that God in His mercy might +avert the calamity, and stay the warring flames. There +was no more sleep for the tired ones. They must wander +about, ringing their hands and crying aloud in their awful +despair. Even men who had faced a thousand dangers,<!-- Page 35 --><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35"></a> +quailed before the advance of the fire. The streets were +alive with hurrying pedestrians. Horses were driven at +breakneck speed, and the clattering hoofs told that danger +was at hand. Human vultures stood, with their +"pickers and stealers," ready to pounce upon everything +that could be seized, and the presence of an appalling danger +did not deter them from plundering the unfortunate and +the destitute. It was the old war again, of the strong +against the weak and powerless. A female vampire helped +a widow lady to gather her little things together in a +bundle, while her children stole the silver and jewelry, +and made off with their plunder. Rough half-grown men +stopped children in the streets, and snatched from their +arms the treasured fragments from a broken home, which +they were trying to rescue from the elemental spoiler. +Loafers and thieves held high carnival, and despite the +agony which was felt on all sides, these miscreants never +for an instant forgot that they were thieves, or neglected +to ply their calling when chance threw anything in their +way. All night they roamed the streets, and thrived on +the misfortunes of others. Ask them for assistance, and +they knocked you down. Give them something to hold +a minute, and they made off with it. The vilest scum +that ever filled a penitentiary stalked abroad that night, +and their lawlessness but added to the horror of the hour.</p> + +<a name="johnhotel"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:694px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z035_st_john_hotel.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="425"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">VIEW OF KING ST., SHOWING ST. JOHN HOTEL, 1837.</p> +</div> + +<a name="north"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z111_north_side_king.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="553"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">NORTH SIDE KING ST. AND BELL TOWER.</p> +</div> + + + + + + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_B_2" id="Footnote_B_2"></a> +<a href="#FNanchor_B_2"><span class="label">[B]</span></a> The Orangemen of St. John District met in this hall.</p></div> +</div> + + + + +<hr class="newpg" style="width: 65%;"><!-- Page 36 --><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IV" id="CHAPTER_IV"></a>CHAPTER IV.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The fire in Germain Street—The first brick house in St. John—Old +Trinity—The Loyalists—Curious ideas about insurance—The rectors +of Trinity—The Clock—The Royal Arms.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">The</span> fire along Germain Street was of great volume, and +dealt out destruction in a thoroughly wholesale manner. +A good many buildings of more than ordinary note were +situate in this pleasant street, and to these may be added +a large number of churches, some of them being of especial +importance in an historical point of view. The fire came +along briskly, carrying Foster's Corner, Foster's shoe store, +and the little buildings adjoining, till it reached Dr. Ring's +residence, the old Disbrow property, the first brick house +in St. John. The doctor had lately improved it by extensive +building operations, but in an hour or two hardly +a fragment remained to mark the spot, save parts of the +well-built walls and the tall chimneys. Mrs. Chas. K. +Cameron's millinery store and Hamilton & Lounsbury's +place of business were in the two stores in this building, +and they very soon were lost to sight. Lordly, Howe & +Co.'s furniture warerooms, filled with new stock, were +greedily devoured by the flames, and Geo. Hutchinson, +jr., who kept the time ball in working order, lost all +his jewelry and stock. The precious stones and gold +and silver ornaments in his safe were totally ruined also. +The Mansion Hotel, a small boarding house, was soon<!-- Page 37 --><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37"></a> +among the general mass of debris, and the fire whizzed +across the street, and directed its entire force on Old +Trinity. First the steeple went, and then the whole body +of the old church was in a sheet of flame, and there was +barely time left to save the historic Royal Arms which +Captain Frank B. Hazen got out of the building, and a +few prayer books in the vestry, and the minister's surplices, +which Colonel Chas. R. Ray rescued from destruction. +The communion plate was in a safe, and it too was saved; +but this was all. During the burning of this sacred +edifice the greatest consternation prevailed among the +people who lined the streets. Now surely there was no +resisting the fire. The hoarse roar of the tornado of +flame seemed to sound like a mocking laugh, and when +the rafters of the oldest church in the city fell with a +dull thud, all felt as if a friend had been torn ruthlessly +from their gaze. Many exhibited real emotion; and there +were women who cried that afternoon, as they thought of +this last relic of their loyalist forefathers being swept +away in the cruel and all-devouring fire. Trinity Church +has a very remarkable history of its own, and the <a href="#trinity">picture</a> +which we supply of it will be perhaps the most attractive +of our illustrations to the great mass of the residents of +the city. It was ever a monument of the piety and +religious tenets of our first settlers. A heritage which +they left to their children. It never laid claims to architectural +beauty, but it was commodious and homely; and +men felt while inside its grand old walls that there was +something more than the mere name in religion after all,<!-- Page 38 --><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38"></a> +and the word which they heard was true and good. The +Loyalists who settled here in 1783, on that memorable 18th +of May, were composed of that stuff which the poet tells us +warriors sometimes feel, and they diligently set to work +to build on this sterile, rocky soil a city that future ages +would acknowledge. They had thrift, integrity, great zeal, +enterprise and piety, and these attributes were their +strongest points. The man who possesses all these characteristics +can give battle to the world and he will conquer. +They had true courage in them, these pioneers. +They had stability, nerve and character, and were just the +men to found a city and plant the seeds of civilization in +a community. They erected simple houses at first, and +then a church was built in which they could worship that +God who had befriended them and journeyed with them +to their new homes. The first church was erected in Germain +Street, between Duke and Queen Streets, in the lot +where Mr. James McMillan lived till he was burned out +of it the other day. The faith adopted here was that of +the Church of England—as the major portion of the +Loyalists were of that persuasion. When the city lots +were divided, the "Old Burial Ground" was laid aside for +church and burial purposes, and at the south-west corner—where +the court-house now stands—it was intended to +build a church, and a frame for that object was obtained. +The fire of 1784, however, passed over this section of the +city, and the founders changed their ideas about the locality +in which the projected edifice should stand. The Germain +Street building had not been consecrated, and the people<!-- Page 39 --><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39"></a> +continued to worship there until 1791, when the Trinity +Church was erected. The first church then continued to be +occupied by various denominations, by the Methodists first, +and then by the Baptists, until meeting-houses and chapels +of their own could be built; latterly it was used as a private +dwelling-house and school-house. The first sermon +in Trinity was preached on Christmas Day, 1791, by Rev. +Dr. Mather Byles, rector. The following year a bell was +put up, and, in 1803 or 1804, stoves, for the first time, were +placed in the church. The first Bishop of Nova Scotia, Right +Reverend Dr. Charles Inglis, performed the consecration +services of the church. This eminent divine was grandfather +of Major-General Sir John Inglis, whose deeds of +valour at Lucknow will never be forgotten while glorious +exploits in military history live in the memory of men. +Thomas Horsfield and Fitch Rogers were the first church-wardens +of Trinity, and the vestrymen were Hon. Gabriel +Ludlow, Ward Chipman, Munson Jarvis, Thomas Whitlock, +Nathan Smith, Thomas Elmes, William Hazen, Colin +Campbell, Nehemiah Rogers, Isaac Lawton, Thomas Bean, +and Samuel Hallet; vestry clerk, Colin Campbell; sexton, +James McPherson. General Coffin and Thomas +Whitlock gave the ground for the building, and Messrs. +Bean & Dowling were the builders. This Mr. Bean +was the gentleman who, in June, 1811, when the church +wanted to borrow £200, agreed to lend it that sum on +the express condition that the insurance policy then on +the building should be at once cancelled. An order was +passed cancelling the policy without delay. Thus was<!-- Page 40 --><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40"></a> +Trinity for a while without insurance. Had Mr. Bean's +ideas prevailed to-day the congregation would, in all likelihood, +mourn the loss of $20,000, which is the amount +that was on the building at the time of the fire. When +the edifice was finished, it was found to be of a peculiar +shape, and its breadth was out of all proportion to its +length. This was not an accident, however, for the +builders wisely thought the city would grow, and that as +the requirements of the people needed it, the church +might be made larger. Little change had taken place in +the interior arrangements of the church at the time of its +destruction. The same pews had stood over four score of +years, and all the alteration that was made was a slight +cutting down of the backs of some of the centre ones. The +side pews remained the original height. For seventy-three +years the old organ has been in constant use in +Trinity. It was brought from London in 1804, and cost +a good round sum. The freight on it alone was one hundred +guineas, but the owner of the vessel which brought +it over, Hon. Wm. Pagan, remitted the amount back to +the corporation of the church. To its last days, this organ +has been a good instrument. In 1792, Mr. William +Thomson presented Trinity with a bell, for which he received +a cordial vote of thanks. This bell was in active +service till 1857, when the bell which tolled a few days +ago its last sad peals, was mounted in the belfry. The +town-clock, as every one was accustomed to call the clock +which told of the passing hours, too, has a history. In +1810, Mr. John Venning erected the tower and cupola.<!-- Page 41 --><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41"></a> +He had nearly completed his work one May morning, +when owing to a light fall of snow the staging became +slippery, and when Mr. Venning stepped upon it he slipped +from it to the roof, and from thence to the ground, +where he was picked up dead. In 1812, the clock was +placed in position, and has remained there, till the events +of Wednesday ended its career. Barraud, of Cornhill, +London, was the maker, and it cost £221 19s. sterling; +the Common Council voted £50 towards it. Up to 1814, +the church paid for having the time-piece wound, and in +this year the winding cost £6 15s., when the church +people decided that they would no longer attend to this +service, and maintained that the commonalty should see +to it. The Council, on December 24th, 1814, resolved to +act on the suggestions of the Church corporation, and took +upon themselves the duty of keeping the clock wound up +and in repair. Edward Taylor assisted in putting up the +clock and assumed control of it, till Mr. Wm. Hutchinson, +father of Geo. Hutchinson, jr., took charge of it. Previous +to 1857, it had three dials, but in this year a fourth was +added, and a spire was placed upon the church.</p> + +<a name="trinity"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:553px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z065_trinity_church.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="558" height="700"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">TRINITY CHURCH.</p> +</div> + +<p>In 1811-12 the church was lengthened, and in 1857 it +was enlarged again.</p> + +<p>The first rector was the Rev. George Bisset, A. M., an +Englishman. Before the revolutionary war he was assistant +to the rector of Trinity Church, at Newport, Rhode +Island. He became, two years later, the rector of that +church, and remained in that position until 1779, when +the British forces evacuated the island, and Mr. Bisset<!-- Page 42 --><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42"></a> +went to New York. At the close of the war he came to +St. John and was chosen rector of the new parish. In +1786, he went to England on private and public business, +and while there raised quite a large sum to further the +interests of his church, and to assist materially in the +building of the edifice. But in 1788, without seeing his +hopes realized, he died, and was buried in the Germain +Street church-yard, and subsequently his remains were +interred in the Putnam tomb, in the old burial ground, +where they still lie.</p> + +<p>A Harvard graduate of the class of 1751, was the next +rector of Trinity, the Rev. Mather Byles, D.D. For fifteen +years, he had laboured as a Congregational minister at New +London, and then left that church to link his fortunes with +the Episcopalians. He joined the Church and became rector +of Christ's Church, Boston, Mass. He left his charge, +when the British troops abandoned Boston, and went +to Halifax, N. S., where he became Garrison chaplain. +When Mr. Bisset died Dr. Byles removed to St. John, was +made rector, and preached, as we have said, the first sermon +that was ever preached in Trinity Church. In his +latter days Dr. Byles was very infirm and required an assistant. +He was rector of St. John for 26 years, and died +at the age of 80 in March, 1814, loved, honoured and +respected. He was a man of fine parts, an excellent talker, +of quick and lively nature, and he possessed a rich +fund of anecdote and humour. A bundle of his sayings +and doings has been published.</p> + +<p>Rev. George Pidgeon was the third rector. He was a<!-- Page 43 --><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43"></a> +learned graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, and was born +in Kilkenny, Ireland, in 1761. He was an ensign in the +rifles, and had served in America during the war. He +subsequently went to Halifax, took orders in the Church, +became rector of Fredericton and Ecclesiastical Commissary +for the Province in 1795, and in 1814, on the death +of the incumbent, he was made rector of St. John. His +health failed him, however, and for a time the church was +closed, when finally he died, May 6th, 1818. He was +buried in the old burial ground, and his monument may +still be seen there.</p> + +<p>The fourth rector was the Rev. Dr. Robert Willis—a +Navy chaplain and a very eminent man. His ship was at +Halifax coaling, when intelligence reached him that Mr. +Pidgeon was seriously ill, and that the church in St. John +was closed in consequence. He left at once for St. John +where he officiated for several weeks, and on the death of +Mr. Pidgeon was chosen rector. The Stone Church and +St. George's, Carleton, were erected during his incumbency, +and this caused a division in the Parish. Dr. Willis became +rector of St. Paul's, Halifax, in 1825, and Arch-Deacon +of Nova Scotia, which offices he held until the +year 1865, when he died at the age of 80. He was the +father of Rev. Cuthbert Willis, rector of Salisbury, who +was formerly of the 15th regiment of foot.</p> + +<p>In 1825 the Rev. Benjamin Gerrish Gray, <a name="tn_png_z057"></a><!--TN: "D. D." changed to "D.D."-->D.D., succeeded +Dr. Willis as rector of St. John. He was born in +Boston 1768, and on the departure of the British troops +from that city, while yet a child, he went with his father to<!-- Page 44 --><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44"></a> +Halifax. He graduated at King's College, Windsor, completed +his education in England, and was ordained minister +in 1796 by Bishop Inglis at Halifax. Some years +were spent by him as minister among the Maroons, a discontented +body of savages which the British Government +placed in Nova Scotia to the great annoyance and fear of +the inhabitants. The Doctor spent several years in connection +with various missions throughout Nova Scotia +until 1819, when he became rector of St. George's, Halifax. +He laboured as rector in St. John on the death of Dr. Willis, +for fifteen years, when in 1840 he resigned his position. +He lived till 1854, when at the advanced age of 86 he +died full of honours and respect. He was a man of elevated +tastes and liberal ideas. He loved science, art and +literature, and was a well informed and polished writer +and thinker. In 1833 one of the greatest calamities +which ever befell man happened to Dr. Gray. His house +in Wellington Row took fire, and before aid could come it +was burned to the ground, together with the rector's wife +and a female domestic. No sympathy could alleviate the +suffering of the distracted husband, no words of man +could take away the agony of his deep grief and sorrow. +It pressed heavily upon his mind, and he was never +again the same man. At this fire he lost his valuable +library which contained many rare and costly books and +manuscripts, together with the complete records of his +parish.</p> + +<p>He was succeeded by his son, Rev. John William D. +Gray, D.D., a very able man. He was born in 1798, at<!-- Page 45 --><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45"></a> +Halifax, and graduated at King's College, Windsor. He +became rector of Amherst, N.S., and in 1825, when Dr. +Willis resigned his office in St. John, a movement was +made to get the rectorship for Dr. Gray. This was not +done, however, for the father was appointed, and the son +became his assistant. In 1840, on the retirement of Dr. +Benjamin Gray, the sixth rector received the appointment +which he held until his death, in 1868. For twenty-eight +years this eminent clergyman laboured for his church +and his people, and all remember him as a kindly, thoughtful, +generous man. He had abilities of the highest order, +and, whether as a preacher or a writer, his reputation +filled no second place. He wrote with a nerve and a boldness +which carried all before it, and his extensive erudition +and vast powers of concentration of thought made +his works valued and esteemed. His notable writings +were chiefly controversial pamphlets, and few entered the +lists with him and gained a victory. His vigorous pamphlets +on the Catholic question, and the Moses and Colenso +controversy will be remembered by many who read these +pages <a name="tn_png_z059"></a><!--TN: "to day" changed to "to-day"-->to-day, and all will regret that the great rector never +published a theological book or placed his ripe thoughts +on some enduring record. He was an able exponent of +the Scriptures, and he wrote in a superior and beautiful +style. His sermons were models of elegant English and +sound doctrinal ideas, and no rector of Trinity ever filled +the position so grandly and so loyally as good old Dr. +Gray. He died at the age of seventy years, and in the +forty-seventh year of his ministry. He was accounted<!-- Page 46 --><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46"></a> +the best reader in the Province, and his delivery was forcible, +and distinguished for a certain gracefulness of style. +The Rev. James J. Hill, M. A. succeeded Dr. Gray. He +is a native of Nova Scotia. His failing health caused him +to resign the rectorship in a few years. At a meeting of +the St. John Parish, held on the 21st of July, 1873, the +Rev. F. H. J. Brigstocke, of Jesus College, Oxford, was +unanimously nominated to the rectorship. He had been in +orders twelve years, and for five years had been curate to +the Dean of Canterbury. Mr. Brigstocke assumed his +duties in October, 1873, and is the present rector of the +parish.</p> + +<p>The stained-glass windows in the chancel of the old +church were placed there in 1859, and were presented by +John V. Thurgar, Esq., a respected retired merchant of this +city, whose old stand was burned down on the North +Wharf during the great fire.</p> + +<p>The old arms of Trinity Church have an historic interest +of very great importance. A glance at them will reveal +the fact that they are military arms and not those of +the church. They have escaped fire once or twice, and in +the early years of their existence witnessed many a heated +controversy, and experienced marvellous escapes from +destruction. The first we hear of them was in Boston +where they adorned the walls of the Council Chamber +of the Old Town House. On March 17th, 1776, they +sailed out of Boston Harbour and were carried to Halifax, +where they had a temporary abiding place in the old +chapel there. They were afterwards placed, in 1791, in<!-- Page 47 --><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47"></a> +Trinity Church, where they have remained ever since, +until Captain Hazen rescued them from the flames on +Wednesday afternoon. A story is current that a hundred +years ago, these arms were snatched from Trinity +Church, New York, when that edifice was in flames, but +this lacks confirmation, and the best authorities are unanimous +in holding that their peculiar build unfitted them +for church use, and that they were certainly intended to +adorn the walls of council chambers. That they were +with the British army, whether on its march or at its +station, is settled beyond dispute. This ends the story of +old Trinity, the most historic edifice in the city—the first +church—the quaintest structure—the last link which bound +the old and the new together. The school-house fronting +on Charlotte Street was burned at the same time as the +church.</p> + + + +<hr class="newpg" style="width: 65%;"><!-- Page 48 --><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_V" id="CHAPTER_V"></a>CHAPTER V.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The Old Curiosity Shop in Germain Street—A Quaint Old Place—"Rubbish +Shot Here"—Notman's Studio—The Mother of Methodism—Destruction +of the Germain Street Methodist Church—Burning +of the Academy of Music—The Old Grammar School—Presbyterians +among the Loyalists—The "Auld Kirk"—Saint Andrew's—The +grants of Land—Legislation—The building of the Kirk—Ministers—The +"Victoria" in Flames—Fascination of the Fire—The "Victoria" +in Ruins—What might have saved it.</p> + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">The</span> fire has destroyed Mrs. Lyons's "old curiosity shop,"—an +establishment known far and near as a place where +everything, from a needle to an anchor, might be got. +Mrs. Lyons is an old inhabitant, and for years was a constant +attendant at every auction sale, and her judgment has +more than once influenced and controlled the bidding. +She bought everything, and, what is more curious still, +she managed to sell it afterwards at a fair profit. Old +books, old pictures, cheap prints, crockery, bedding, carpets, +furniture; all had a home in that asylum for decayed +rubbish. It was a pleasant place in which to while +away an odd hour or two. The things were, at least, +worth looking at; and one could sometimes turn over a +good book or two, or dip into the pages of an old magazine +and find a bit of poetry here and there, or a pleasant +essay that was worth glancing over. Of course, nothing +out of this stock could be saved, and the curious and out-of-the-way +knick-nacks of the people were swept away<!-- Page 49 --><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49"></a> +in a very short time. Mrs. Lyons is a very heavy loser by the +calamity, and narrowly escaped with her life. Indeed she +was reported missing at one stage of the fire.</p> + +<p>Mr. Notman's beautiful studio with its gems of neat +things in art, and its hundreds of elegant picture frames, +went next. The premises had only recently been opened, +and the reception room was a perfect gallery of beautifully +arranged pictures and chromos, and India ink copies. A +number of oil paintings, some of them of considerable +value, a good many choice bits in water colour, some decidedly +clever engravings together with pieces of statuary, +and a bronze or two perished in an instant. Not a negative +was saved, and the fine picture of Mr. John Melick's handsome +boy, which was so artistically finished in India ink by +Mr. James Notman, shared a like fate. The studio was full +of handsome work, and lovers of the æsthetic whenever +they had a spare minute or two always wandered into +Notman's and inspected the new things he had there. It +was a place of resort for the cultivated mind, and the eye +always rested on something pleasing and charming. This +building went so rapidly that the occupants barely escaped +with their clothes. The fire crossed the street on +both sides, and after sweeping down Mr. Edward Sears's +house on the corner, and carrying with it Mr. Tremaine +Gard's jewelry establishment, it rushed along levelling +all before it, till Horsfield Street was reached. On this +corner the Mother of Methodism was situated—the old +Germain Street Methodist Church—called in olden times +"The Chapel." This structure was located a few feet off<!-- Page 50 --><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50"></a> +the street, and when the fire caught and hugged it in its +grasp the concourse of people beheld a sight not easily +effaced from their memory. The flames shot up, and +for awhile nothing but an avalanche of fire was to be +seen. The hot, thick volume roared out and crackled as +timber after timber went down before the whirlwind, and +rent asunder in an hour, an edifice which had withstood +the blasts of the elements for seventy years. In 1808, on +Christmas day, this chapel was opened, and dedicated to +the service of God, by the Rev. Mr. Marsden. The leading +layman at that time was the late John Ferguson, an influential +citizen and a prosperous merchant. He did +much for Methodism in his time, and it was through his +exertions that the chapel was built. For many years +this commodious building was the only place of worship +that this body of Christians had in the city, and the +various clergymen who from time to time preached from +its old-fashioned, homely pulpit, developed sterling qualities +and superior talents. Among its body of laymen +were men distinguished alike for their zeal and religious +principles. Such clergymen as Revs. Messrs. Priestly, Wood, +Dr. Alder, John B. Strong, Bamford, Wm. Temple and +H. Crosscomb, will be affectionately remembered by old +members of this congregation, as ministers whose interests +were ever closely identified with those of their hearers. +The present Chief of Police, John R. Marshall, has been a +member of this church all his life, and for thirty years he +has led the singing. It was an unpretentious building +with no attempts at architectural display. A few years<!-- Page 51 --><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51"></a> +ago, to meet the wants of the community, it was enlarged +and extended back, and the gallery was placed nearer the +pulpit. While this building was burning the hospitable +residences of James Lawton, Esq., and Wm. Davidson, +Esq., were being reduced to ashes, and Dr. McAvenny's +fine dental rooms adjoining those houses, went down also.</p> + +<p>The burning of the Academy of Music<a name="FNanchor_C_3" id="FNanchor_C_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_C_3" class="fnanchor">[C]</a> took place almost +at the same time. Not a vestige of this splendid hall remains +to tell of the dramatic triumphs that have been +witnessed on its stage, or the matchless oratory that fell +from the lips of Phillips, Beecher and Carpenter. Here +it was that a few years ago the great performance of +Richelieu took place, when Couldock enacted the Cardinal +Duke, and Louis Aldrich was the impetuous De Mauprat. +Here on this stage Carlotta Le Clercq won some of her +grandest triumphs. Here Warner and Lanergan gave +their wonderful interpretations of the Moor and Iago. +Here Chas. Koppitz led his great orchestra the day<!-- Page 52 --><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52"></a> +before he died, and here some of the sweetest voices have +been heard emulating the notes of the nightingale. This +building, which for several years enjoyed a splendid reputation, +well stocked with scenery and properties, centrally +and admirably located, seemed to melt into nothing +on the day of the fire. The walls fell with a loud crash, +and the grand temple of amusement, in which our people +felt so much pride, was a thing of the past. It was +owned by a joint stock company, and the late Dr. George +E. Keator was the first president. On his death, Dr. +Allan M. Ring was made president, and he has retained +the office ever since. John R. Armstrong, Esq., has been +the secretary from the beginning of the institution. It +is only about a year ago that it was frescoed and painted +and greatly improved inside. The Academy presented a +noble appearance from the street, and the reader can form +an intelligent idea of how it looked from the illustration +which we give. The Knights of Pythias, New Brunswick +and Union Lodges, occupied the upper story as a +lodge room. It was neatly and attractively fitted up, and +the knights took great interest in having it properly +cared for. The loss with which this young organization +has met, is quite large and is therefore severely felt.</p> + +<p>The last theatrical performance at the Academy of +Music was on Tuesday evening, 19th June, when Louise +Pomeroy, an actress of charming genius, sustained the +<i>role</i> of "Juliet" in Shakespeare's tragedy of the affections, +"Romeo and Juliet." On Wednesday night she was to +have performed "Rosalind" for the second time in St.<!-- Page 53 --><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53"></a> +John, in the delightful comedy of "As You Like It." The +company then playing were under the management of +Mr. William Nannary, with Mr. P. Nannary as assistant +manager, and Mr. W. E. Kelly, of Halifax, business agent. +Mr. George B. Waldron was stage manager, and his wife, +Isabella Waldron, the leading lady. The other members +of the organization were R. Fulton Russell, F. G. Cotter, +G. T. Ulmer, Harry Pierson, Belvil Ryan, Mr. Padget, +Mr. Eberle, J. Reddy, Mr. Vanderen, Mr. Donaldson, W. +F. Edwards, C. Mason, Lizzie May Ulmer, Pearl Etynge, +Little Bell Waldron, Mrs. Edwards, Mrs. Vanderen, Miss +Hill, Mabel Doane, and Florence Stratton. All of these +artists suffered by the fire. Some saved their wardrobes, +only to have them stolen afterwards.</p> + +<a name="academy"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:562px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z093_academy.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="567" height="700"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">ACADEMY OF MUSIC.</p> +</div> + +<p>After Dr. McAvenny's office was burned, the fire shot +into Messrs. Miller and Woodman's double house, the late +residence of Hon. A. McL. Seely, and it was soon shattered +to its basement. The fire then spread as far as +Duke Street, burning on its passage Dr. W. Bayard's +house, and the old McGrath residence, which latterly +contained Dr. James E. Griffith's office. On the other +side, the Grammar School was the first victim after the +Old Chapel.</p> + +<p>This building was a plain wooden house of rather squat +appearance. It was erected on two lots of land, 80 feet +front by 200 deep, which in 1807 were sold by Thos. +Horsfield for £100. The first teacher was James +Brimner. In 1818 Dr. James Patterson took charge, and +remained head master till nearly the close of his life.<!-- Page 54 --><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54"></a> +Rev. Mr. Wainright, afterwards rector of New York, and +who died Bishop there, was at one time a teacher in the +Grammar School. The masters who have taught here +have been judiciously selected, and the school has been +very successful from the first. Messrs. Hutchison and +Manning, and Rev. Mr. Schofield, and latterly Rev. Dr. +Coster, are all gentlemen of fine scholastic attainments +and excellent imparters of knowledge to the youth. For +many years the Corporation gave a gold medal annually +to the bright boys of this institution of learning, and +many of our prominent lawyers, doctors, engineers and +merchants have been educated here. H. W. Frith, Esq., +was for many years secretary to the Board who controlled +this school, and continued in that office till the +new school-law came into force. The Grammar School in +its last days was a free school of the highest grade.</p> + +<p>It has been said of Scotchmen that next to love of +country they revere their religion. Indeed, the love is as +warm for the one as it is for the other. The Bible and +Home. God and Scotland. Their religion has been compared +to their native Grampians, and some have said that +it was as hard, cold, determined and unyielding as those +grand old hills themselves, the very name of which sends +a thrill through every Scotchman's breast. Every Scottish +poet has sung of home, every native bard has written +hymns and psalms. Burns's "Cotter's Saturday Night" +contains the germs of the Presbyterian faith, and Tannahill, +Thomson, Campbell, Hogg and all the other tuneful +minstrels have sung in the same key, and told of the old<!-- Page 55 --><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55"></a> +faith which the Covenanters felt on their bleak hill-tops +years ago, when it was deemed by some to be a crime to +worship God in more ways than one. It is as rare to find +a Scotchman unacquainted with the leading events in the +Bible, the gist of the shorter catechism, and the whole of +the Psalms of David, including the cxix, word for word, +as it is difficult to enter a city all the world over, and +not find the sons of the old land filling the leading positions +in the place. Our readers may be sure that among +the sturdy loyalists not a few Presbyterians were to be +found. When they reached St. John, they settled in +Lower Cove, and the first thing they did was to consider +the advisability of building a kirk. In 1784, the leading +men drew up a petition for a grant of land on which to +lay the foundation for a house of worship. It was sent +to Governor Parr, and on the 29th of June, of the same +year, the grant was issued under the Great Seal of Nova +Scotia. John Boggs and others, for the Church of Scotland, +were the grantees. Their associates were Andrew +Cornwall, James Reid, John Menzie, Charles McPherson, +William Henderson, John Gemmill, and Robert Chillis, +their heirs and assigns in trust. The document runs as +follows, and sets forth that the grant was, "for the erection, +building and accommodation of a meeting house or +public place of worship for the use of such of the inhabitants +of the said town as now or shall hereafter be of the +Protestant profession of worship, approved of by the +General Assembly of the Church of Scotland * * * +and further for the erection and building and accommo<!-- Page 56 --><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56"></a>dation +of a dwelling house, outhouse, casements and conveniences +for the habitation, use and occupation of a +minister to officiate and perform divine service in the +meeting house aforesaid, according to the form and professing +aforesaid * * * and further for the building +and erection of a public school house and public poor +house, with proper accommodation and conveniences for +the use of the inhabitants of the said Township of Parr,<a name="FNanchor_D_4" id="FNanchor_D_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_D_4" class="fnanchor">[D]</a> +forever, and upon this further trust and confidence to +secure and defend the said piece and tract of land, and all +such buildings, edifices, and improvements, commodities +and appurtenances, to and for the several and respective +public uses, intents and purposes aforesaid forever, but to +or for no other or private use, intent and purpose whatsoever."</p> + +<p>It further states that in case of the lands coming into +possession of any other persons, they shall take the prescribed +oath of allegiance within twelve months, and in +case of their neglect to do so, the lands shall revert to the +Crown. The grant was registered at Halifax, 29th June, +1784, and at Fredericton on December 23rd, same year. +These lands were situate on the north side of Queen +Street, extending east and west from Sydney to Carmarthen +Streets, and north from Queen Street 100 feet. They +contain 10 city lots and form a block of 100 by 400 +feet.</p> + +<p>Charles McPherson, once the owner of "Coffee House<!-- Page 57 --><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57"></a> +Corner," survived the other trustees, who died before any +of the buildings mentioned in the grant were set up. A +change had come over the people's views since then, and +the site was not approved of by those interested. It was +not central enough, and in 1815 it was decided to ask +for a site in the upper part of the town. Wm. Pagan, +Hugh Johnston, senr., John Thompson, James Grigor, +John Currie, Alexander Edmonds, and William Donaldson +were the new Committee whose duty it was to provide +"a meeting house for the use of such of the inhabitants +as are of the General Assembly of the Church of +Scotland." In this year the survivor of the trustees of +1784, Charles McPherson, relinquished his interest in +favour of the new Committee. James Grigor selected the +present site of the church in Germain Street, and in 1815 +he purchased it for £250 from J. V. Thurgar's uncle, Mr. +John L. Venner. The lot is 100 feet in width and 200 feet +in depth. Mr. Grigor and wife, by deed, on the 20th +June, 1815, just sixty-two years ago, on the day of the +fire, conveyed the property to Wm. Pagan and the rest of +the Committee. On June 4th, 1816, another grant of +land was given to the Committee by the Corporation of +St. John. This lot was in Duke's Ward, and known on +the plan as one of the public lots, letter B, bounded +on the east by Carmarthen Street, on the west by Sydney +Street, and on the south by lots 1086 to 1077 inclusive. +The latter lots are on St. James' Street. This also was in +special trust for the Kirk of Scotland in this city, and the +grant was unconditional. This block was four <a name="tn_png_z075"></a><!--TN: "hun" changed to "hundred"-->hundred<!-- Page 58 --><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58"></a> +feet square, and a vacant field. The Committee built +houses upon it some years after, and laid out the street +from Sydney to Carmarthen, known as St. Andrew's +Street. William Campbell was Mayor, and Charles J. +Peters, Clerk.</p> + +<p>The Act 56 George III., cap. 28, passed 16th March, +1816, recites to this effect:</p> + +<p>"Whereas sundry inhabitants of the City of St. John +and its vicinity, being of the Protestant profession +of worship, approved by the General Assembly of the +Church of Scotland, have, by voluntary subscription, aided +by a grant<a name="FNanchor_E_5" id="FNanchor_E_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_E_5" class="fnanchor">[E]</a> of money out of the Province (1814), erected +a large and handsome building for a place of public worship, +which shall be in connection with the said Church of +Scotland: And whereas, the title of the lots on which +the said church has been erected, situated in Queen's +Ward in the said city, and fronting on Germain Street, +is now in the possession of the inhabitants of the said +city, who hold the same in trust: Be it enacted, that the +minister and elders of the said church, commonly called +by the name of Kirk, whenever such ministers shall be +chosen and appointed, the said lots shall be vested in +them, they being known by the name of the minister and +elders of the Church of Scotland in the City of St. John."</p> + +<p>In 1818, Act 58 was passed, and this statute authorized +the Kirk's ministers and elders to have full power to purchase, +receive, hold, and enjoy lands, and tenements, and +to improve and use the same for the purpose of support<!-- Page 59 --><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59"></a>ing +and maintaining the building erected in St. John for +a place of public worship, and of its minister for the +time being; but such rents, with the rents of pews, shall +not exceed annually the sum of £500.</p> + +<p>An important discovery was made in 1832, when it +was found that the legislation that had been had was +entirely at variance with Presbyterian usage, which separated +the spiritual from the temporal affairs of the church, +leaving the spiritual department in the hands of the +minister and his elders, and vesting the management of +the temporalities in a body of trustees to be named. A +new bill was prepared, and accordingly the following was +speedily enacted by 2 William IV. cap. 18, "that according +to the form and usage of the Church of Scotland +the spiritual and temporal affairs of the said church are +kept separate, and that the present acts of incorporation +vesting the temporal affairs of the St. Andrew's Church, +in the City of St. John, in the minister and elders is at +variance with the form and usage of the said Church of +Scotland."</p> + +<p>All previous acts were repealed, and the following +gentlemen, who were the committee of management then: +Thos. Walker, Robert Rankin, John Wishart, John Robertson, +James Kirk, Robert Keltie, James Burns, Henry +Hood, William Parks, William Walker, James Robertson +and Daniel Leavitt, with the elders, John Paul, Robert +Robertson, Thomas Nisbet, William Hutchinson, Angus +McKenzie and John Gillis, were appointed interim trustees +until the election of twelve other trustees as provided by<!-- Page 60 --><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60"></a> +the Act, could be had. This Act is still in operation, and +it fixes the annual rents at not more than £500, and prescribes +the proceedings as to the election and choice of +trustees, ministers, and elders, the sales and leases of pews, +lands, &c.</p> + +<p>In 1815 the kirk was finished, and the trustees were +Messrs. Pagan, Johnston, Thomson, Grigor, and Edmond, +Rev. Mr. Waddell, father of Dr. Waddell, many years +resident physician at the Lunatic Asylum, preached the +first sermon. The Rev. Geo. Burns was the first regularly +appointed minister, he had been an assistant minister in +Aberdeen, Scotland, Mr. Hugh Johnston who had been +commissioned to go to Scotland for a clergyman, chose +Mr. Burns who was a young man of 26 years of age, and +a doctor of divinity. The degree was conferred on him +by the University of St. Andrew on his departure for +America, and the new Kirk was called "St. Andrew" in +compliment to Dr. Burns's <i>Alma mater</i>. The young +doctor arrived in St. John on Sunday, the 25th of May, +1817, and on that day preached his first sermon from +Psalm cxxii, 1, "I was glad when they said unto me, let +us go into the House of the Lord." Dr. Burns continued +minister until 1829. He left St. John May, +1831, and on the 5th February, 1876, he died in Edinburgh +at the ripe age of 86. The Rev. Robert Wilson +was the second minister of the Kirk, and he officiated +from 1830 to 1842. The Rev. Andrew Halket succeeded +him from 1842 to 1848. He died in the fall of 1875, at +Brecken, Scotland. The Rev. Wm. Donald, D.D., was<!-- Page 61 --><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61"></a> +the fourth minister of this now influential church, he +was ordained at Aberdeen, in May, 1849, and on the 18th +of June he reached St. John, and took immediate possession +of his charge. His ministry was a long and able one, +and no minister was ever loved more and respected higher +than this teacher of the sacred word. He was ever kindly +disposed towards his people and his congregation were +ever devoted to him, their interests were his interests, +and his interests were theirs. When he died 20th Feby., +1871, the whole city mourned, and old St. Andrew's refused +to be comforted. The Rev. R. J. Cameron, who +was Dr. Donald's assistant for some time, succeeded +him in the ministry of the church. The Rev. Mr. +Mitchell, who began his labours on the 30th January, 1877, +was the last incumbent. During the long career of the +old kirk—the oldest Presbyterian church in the Province—it +has changed but little since it was erected. Some +trifling alterations have been made in the interior, but +externally it has remained for over three score years the +same. Three memorial tablets had been placed upon the +walls, the first was in memory of William Pagan, the +second William Campbell, and the third Dr. Donald. The +first Presbyterian minister who died in St. John was the +Rev. Thomas Wishart.<a name="FNanchor_F_6" id="FNanchor_F_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_F_6" class="fnanchor">[F]</a></p> + +<a name="andrewskirk"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:554px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z045_st_andrew_kirk.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="559" height="700"> +<p class="caption">ST. ANDREW'S KIRK.</p> +</div> + +<p>There are some interesting items in connection with Old +St. Andrew's personal history which are worth recording.<!-- Page 62 --><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62"></a> +The solid silver communion service which was used was +the gift, in the year 1818, of the Earl and Countess of +Dalhousie, and Miss Campbell gave the two peculiarly +shaped silver plates which contained the bread when the +Sacrament was administered. These articles were +saved, and are now in the possession of William Girvan, +Esq. Mrs. James Lawton, about the year 1839, presented +the Church with the Pulpit Bible. This was unfortunately +burned, as well as the two oil paintings which hung +in the vestry, and were portraits of Revs. Drs. Burns and +Donald. It was to see these pictures that Dr. Burns's +nephew came to St. John on the very day of the fire, but +before he arrived they were no more.</p> + +<a name="victoriahotel"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:555px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z055_victoria_hotel.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="560" height="700"> +<p class="caption">VICTORIA HOTEL.</p> +</div> + +<p>Very little time was lost between the destruction of +Trinity, the Germain Street Methodist, and "Old St. +Andrew's." They took fire nearly at the same time, and +within an hour of each other the three were consumed. +The fire was extraordinarily rapid in its work, and the +frame buildings seemed to add zest to its voracious appetite. +An engine might have saved the Victoria Hotel, but +it was far away, and helplessly the people looked on and +saw one after the other of their cherished churches, hotels, +houses of entertainment and dwellings, sink down before +the red glare of the serpent, which wound its coils round-about +and encompassed all with its fangs and fork-like +tongue. It was a sight that the eye sickened at, and the +heart grew faint, and despair fell upon the people, and +many moved away. But there were others who gazed on +the tottering ruins with a fixed and glassy stare, and as<!-- Page 63 --><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63"></a> +the huge boulders came thundering down from the +heights above, and the half famished flames shot out in +long, thin lines from the windows, and darted back again +like a wiry thing of life, and shouts rent the air from the +lips of the wounded, these men never moved from the spot +on which they stood. The church was in ashes, and the +great walls of the Victoria were red with the demon +flames. They scaled the heights, they flew back again. +They hid in the chimneys, they ran along the roof, they +melted the sashes and tore down the door-ways. The +marble steps were in fragments, and all through the long +corridors of the house the shrieks of startled women rang, +and hastening refugees from the flames leapt with the +courage and skill of acrobats into the crowded street. It +was a time in which men held their breath. The fascination +of that sight was terrible. All were dismayed. +All were paralyzed. The "Victoria," that Grand Hotel +which was St. John to every traveller who came here—that +massive pile of brick and stone—was no longer the +standing monument of the city's enterprise. An engine +might have saved it, but the engine was not there.</p> + +<a name="germainvictoria"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z275v_hotel_ruins.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="546"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">GERMAIN STREET, SHOWING VICTORIA HOTEL.</p> +</div> + + +<p>This spacious hotel was commenced by a Joint Stock +Company in 1870, and was built on the corner of Germain +and Duke Streets. It was opened for business July, +1871, with Mr. B. T. Creagen as Manager, and the following +Board of Directors:—Otis Small, Esq., President; +John Magee, A. Chipman Smith, John McMillan and +William F. Harrison, Esqrs. The hotel building cost one +hundred and sixty-five thousand dollars, and furnishing<!-- Page 64 --><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64"></a> +seventy-five thousand dollars. In the Fall of 1873, the +Victoria Hotel Club assumed control, and Mr. John +Edwards was appointed manager. At the time of the +fire the hotel was under the management of Mr. George +W. Swett, a very popular and courteous gentleman. +Many of the guests sought refuge in the squares, and some +escaped from the building with scarcely more clothes than +they had on.</p> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_C_3" id="Footnote_C_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_C_3"><span class="label">[C]</span></a> The outside dimensions of the Academy were 190x51 feet. The front +65 feet high, showing three stories in front. The finish was Italian in its +general style, very rich and pleasing to the eye, with heavy and elaborate +carved work. A large bust of Queen Victoria adorned the summit of the +building, while over the main entrance an excellent bust of Shakespeare indicated +the uses for which the building was intended. The front doors were +massive in style, of solid walnut, and weighed sixteen hundred pounds. Inside.—The +parquette was reached by a wide entrance; on either side of this +entrance were broad and easy stairs leading to the balcony; while above this +was the gallery for the gods, which was approached from a separate entrance. +The parquette was furnished with 600 opera chairs, and the seating +capacity of the whole building was 1,200. The scenery, ample in supply and +excellent in character, was painted by Gaspard Maeder. The building +when finished cost the Company over $60,000.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_D_4" id="Footnote_D_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_D_4"><span class="label">[D]</span></a> St. John was formerly called Parr Town.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_E_5" id="Footnote_E_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_E_5"><span class="label">[E]</span></a> <a name="tn_png_z082"></a><!--TN: Text before "Legislature" is unclear and has been replaced by a long dash-->—— Legislature granted £250 towards erection of kirk.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_F_6" id="Footnote_F_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_F_6"><span class="label">[F]</span></a> Three members of the congregation of this Church were lost at the time +of the fire—Mrs. Thos. Reed, Mr. Joseph Bell, Capt. Wm. M. B. Firth.</p></div> +</div> + + +<hr class="newpg" style="width: 65%;"><!-- Page 65 --><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VI" id="CHAPTER_VI"></a>CHAPTER VI.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The Odd Fellows' Hall—The fire in Horsfield Street—The Sweep along +Germain Street—The old Baptist Church—Some early Ministers—Two +fiery ordeals—The Brick Church—The Ruins—The Bay View +Hotel—An old Landmark gone—The blazing Barracks—St. James's—The +Hazen House—St. Malachi's Chapel—The first Roman Catholic +Church.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">The</span> Independent Order of Odd Fellows is a very numerous +and widely respected body in St. John. Its roll of +membership embraces many of the best names in the city, +and the order has grown from a very humble beginning +to quite an influential position in the community. It is +only a few years ago that some zealous members of the +order banded themselves together and formed Pioneer +Lodge, No. 9. In a little time the lodge grew so rapidly +that it became too cumbersome to work, and new lodges +had to be made—first it was Beacon, then Peerless, and +latterly Siloam, in this city alone; besides, the order is +strong in Moncton and also in Fredericton. An encampment, +too, flourishes, and is largely adding to its membership. +The Odd Fellows' Hall was pleasantly situate in +what used to be No. 5 Engine House. The hall was +commodious and neatly furnished, and the ante-rooms +were convenient and well adapted for carrying on the exercises +of the order. The ground flat and second story +were occupied by Mr. Richard Welch, and the Odd Fellows +met in the room immediately overhead. The loss<!-- Page 66 --><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66"></a> +by fire to the order was quite extensive, though a good +deal of the regalia and paraphernalia were saved through +the forethought of some of the members who managed to +get into the building in time. The fire swept both sides +of Horsfield Street, and carried along with it the dwelling +of P. Besnard, Esq., and the house where James Hannay, +the historian, lived. Mr. Hannay, who was at Oakpoint +during the conflagration preparing his history of Acadia, +lost a number of valuable books, including some high-priced +and scarce volumes.<a name="FNanchor_G_7" id="FNanchor_G_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_G_7" class="fnanchor">[G]</a> Some two or three hundred +pages of his history were printed, but these were destroyed +in the printing houses where they were kept. Fortunately +Mr. Hannay had with him one copy of the sheets as far as +printed, so the loss is not irretrievable. A portion of the +unprinted manuscript, however, shared the common fate +of everything that came in contact with fire on that fatal +day, and this the historian had to re-write. In this street +the old Theatre<a name="FNanchor_H_8" id="FNanchor_H_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_H_8" class="fnanchor">[H]</a> once stood, in which professionals and +amateurs read Shakspeare and Massinger to admiring +audiences. Among the amateurs, some of our readers may +remember, were the late Richard Seely, who was accounted +a good actor in his day, and the late Col. Otty, whose +Othello was a really creditable performance. While the fire +was rendering desolate this street, the other wing of it was +ruthlessly invading Germain Street, to the very water's<!-- Page 67 --><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67"></a> +edge. Otis Small's corner house, the Thomson House, +some of the inmates of which had to flee in small boats, +the residences of the Messrs. McMillan, father and son, +the old Bayard House, the Seed's property, the former +residence of W. O. Smith, Esq., No. 119, and then in the +occupancy of the inmates of the Home for the Aged, some +of whom got away in hardly enough time to save their +lives.</p> + +<p>Mr. Carey's Parsonage was on fire very soon after +this, and all efforts to save it or the old Baptist Church +next door, proved unavailing. In a short time only a +blackened wall of smouldering ruins stood there to tell in +more eloquent language than words could relate, of the +sad havoc which the fire-king had made. For many years +this church was to the Baptists, what Trinity, St. Andrew's, +and Germain Street Chapel were to their denominations. +It, too, had a history of its own, as dear to the people who +Sunday after Sunday sat within its walls and heard the +word of God spoken, as the historic data which filled every +niche and corner of the first English Church in the city. +It was first built of wood three score years ago, on the old +site where the brick church stood, a period ago since, +and such men as John M. Wilmot, Thomas Pettingill, +and Jeremiah Drake, were the leading pillars +and supporters of a body of Christians distinguished +alike for their charity, faithfulness, and liberality. +The church was organized in 1810, ground was broken in +1818 and the large frame building was opened for service +July 12th of the same year. Wm. Stenning and Thomas<!-- Page 68 --><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68"></a> +Harding purchased the site, and the former gentleman +superintended the building of the edifice. For many +years this was the only meeting-house which the Baptists +had, and there are men living to-day who remember the +struggles and trials which the denomination experienced +in trying to plant a foothold in the sparsely populated +district which St. John then was. The pastors of this +church were known far and wide as earnest and faithful +men, and such names as Samuel Robinson, Casewell, Bill, +Henry Vaughan, and G. M. W. Carey, live in the hearts +of all people and add lustre to any faith. When the question +of tearing down the old structure which had withstood +the storms of nearly half a century, and the replacing +of it with a new one to be built of brick was proposed, +there were many in the congregation who had grown up +with the church through the long decades of time, and +who had watched the building step by step, advance to its +completion, and proudly take its place among the sacred +edifices of the street of churches. These men opposed the +measure, but the march of new ideas prevailed, and in +1863, the last of the old church was borne away and a +handsome brick building was begun. The former vestry +was converted into a parsonage, and the Rev. Henry +Vaughan, son of the late Simon Vaughan, of St. Martin's, +was the minister in charge. The church cost forty thousand +dollars. Mr. Vaughan died in 1864. When Mr. +Carey, the present pastor, arrived in St. John in 1865, the +church was being built and he preached for a while in +the basement, and in December, 1866, the first sermon in<!-- Page 69 --><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69"></a> +the church proper was preached by the same eloquent +minister. A tablet was erected to the memory of his +predecessor in the church. In 1873 this church was +partially destroyed by fire, but the enterprising congregation +soon had it up again. Thus has this edifice passed +through two ordeals of like character. The church had +just begun to recover from its first disaster. The liberality +of its people had placed it out of debt, and while in +the enjoyment of a splendid prosperity it was stricken +down before the very eyes of the powerless people who +loved it most. No one could do anything but watch the +rapid demolition, and behold the rafters swing and the +building rock and shake, and observe the long sinewy +flames grapple with the walls and hurl them to the earth. +There were strong men that day who wept when they +witnessed the destruction. And when the sad work was +done, some gathered near the ruins and looked down upon +the site that had held a church while they were yet babes, +and old gray-haired veterans who had worshipped here +all their lives, felt that death would not be so bitter now +since church and home were gone forever. The insurance +on this church was very light and the loss is very +heavy. The pastor saved literally nothing of his own +effects and his fine library and the intellectual labour of +twenty years, passed from his gaze with the rapidity of +the whirlwind.</p> + +<p>The fire next crossed the street, and attacked Mr. Harding's +houses, destroying his residence, and that of Mr. +Joseph Allison. Queen Street shared the common fate; and<!-- Page 70 --><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70"></a> +on the side of Germain Street opposite the church, in the +building where Mrs. Crane had her seminary for young +ladies, the inmates were forced to escape in the International +steamer, and get away from the fire by water. The +street was impassable, and all hope of getting through to +a locality which had not yet been reached by the flames +had to be abandoned. Terror seized the ladies for the moment, +but the courage which sometimes comes with despair, +made them cool enough to think of the water. The +strength of iron came to them, and in a moment they +were saved. It was before this house that a woman fell +on her knees and offered up prayer; and here it was that +another woman, fearing the judgment day at hand, gave +utterance to loud wails and cries, that sent a pang to +every heart. In the melee, an old lady belonging to the +Home for the Aged was lost, and her feeble sisters in adversity +moaned and mourned for her all through the night. +The next day she was found, and joy came to some hearts +that had known no like emotion for several years. Those +kindly old ladies living so long together were as one +family, and a vacant chair at the table cruelly reminded +them of the broken homes they had too often seen. The +houses across Queen Street, on this same side of Germain +Street, were not long in following. Pagan Place, the old +residence of the late Edward Allison, Stephen Blizard's +house on the other side, John W. Cudlip's residence, in +Germain Street, seemed to burn at the same time. The +Bay View Hotel—a valuable structure that reminded the +spectator of the old feudal time, when castles were resi<!-- Page 71 --><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71"></a>dences +of the great, was erected in the year 1819, by Henry +Wright, Collector, and used as a private residence up to +about twelve years ago. It was built by day's work, and +in those days the workmen received every Saturday night +their pay in Spanish doubloons. Change was very scarce, +and there was no paper money. Mr. Henry Wright died in +1829, and the house then fell into the occupancy of the late +Wm. Wright, Advocate General, and John Boyd, M.D. +Mr. Wilson was its lessee latterly, and it became an hotel +under his management. It held a commanding position, +and looked far out to sea. Strangers always paused to +look up to the splendid front and defiant head, which reminded +them of the old strongholds which render historic +every inch of the old land across the blue water. And +to-day, the ruins look even more picturesque and grand +than the building did in its proudest days. Another landmark +has been taken away, and it did not long survive +those who dwelt in its spacious halls in the days of the +long ago.</p> + + +<p>But while the fire was busy with this portion of the +City, it was also extremely active and equally destructive +in the lower part of St. John. The barracks were even +burned down long before it was deemed likely that the +Victoria Hotel would go. The sparks travelling in this +direction with great rapidity, soon communicated with +the long, low building which was built for the troops in +1819.<a name="FNanchor_I_9" id="FNanchor_I_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_I_9" class="fnanchor">[I]</a> The fire, when it reached here had full scope.<!-- Page 72 --><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72"></a> +Nothing stood in its way, and it really spent its greatest +strength here. The majority of the houses in this quarter +were composed of wood, and so many of them were close +together, that four or five houses were burned to the ground +in about the same space that in ordinary times would be +spent in consuming one. The burning of the barracks +was witnessed by several thousand persons, and, for a while +there were some who fancied that the blaze would cease +with the destruction of this property. But, alas, for the +fallacy of human hopes. The great headway of the flame was +made, and nothing could stop it, till from sheer exhaustion, +it spent itself. But the eager wind kept fanning it into +fury whenever it shewed signs of abatement and not until +it reached the barren banks along the water's edge did it +relinquish its grasp on men's household goods and homes. +Even then it did not stop at once, for small scrubs of trees, +bits of shrubbery and grass fed it for a while. Indeed +the fire may be said to have taken a new lease of life in +those back places, and the rookeries of whole streets were +swept into ruin and their inmates hurried into greater +misery than they had ever known before. In Main Street, +St. James (Episcopalian) Church was burned; it caught +very soon from a flying spark. This church was erected +in the summer of 1850 by Trinity Church. The parish +was set off from Trinity in 1852, but the church was built +two years before; the dividing line of the parish was +south of Queen Street; the first rector was the Rev. John +Armstrong who was succeeded by his son, Rev. Wm. +Armstrong who held the rectorship nearly twenty years.<!-- Page 73 --><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73"></a> +The building was of the Gothic cruciform style of architecture +and Mr. M. Stead was the architect. It had no +tower. The first wardens were the late John R. Robinson, +Esq., father of the agent in this city of the Bank of Nova +Scotia, and the late Wm. Wright. The church was situate +on the south side of Main Street, between Sydney and +Carmarthen Streets and the lots ran through to Sheffield +Street. The Sunday-school building was built in the +rear.</p> + +<p>The Sheffield Street Mission House and the Carmarthen +Street Mission House (Methodist) were structures of late +origin, and for a while did much good in the locality +where they were placed. The fire visited them very soon +and they were burned in a short time. All along Carmarthen +Street the flames sped quickly, completely encircling +every house with which it came in contact, and whenever +they met a crossing street the fire drove through it with +seeming greater fury and impetuosity. The lately erected +Adam's terrace—a row of comfortable dwellings just +finished within the year—burned with a tremendous roar +that was heard above the din, for blocks away. In these +houses were the families of Robt. Turner, Fred. R. Fairweather +and W. C. Watson, Esqs., and so quickly did the +flames spread that hardly a stick of furniture was saved, +and hundreds of valuable books were burned. Judge +Watters's residence, the home of Attorney-General King, +Henry A. Austin's, Madame Caritte's, and the Henderson +houses, hardly lived thirty minutes in the winding sheets +of flame. The fire came up Carmarthen Street, up Prin<!-- Page 74 --><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74"></a>cess +Street, up Leinster Street, up Duke Street, up Orange +Street, to the rear of those streets and down King Street +east and also in its rear on a portion of the south side. +Many believed and there seemed good grounds for that +belief, that but for the torch of the incendiary, Leinster +Street would have been preserved. No one doubts but +that it was set on fire by some miscreant either through +madness or through the hope of gain. This is beyond dispute. +The fire was going in the opposite direction, +nothing could bring it up towards King Square and +the head of Leinster Street. It was out of all reason to +suppose that the sparks could be carried to these points +for the wind was opposite, and the open square had, till +late in the evening, kept the flames away and broke the +connection. The old<a name="FNanchor_J_10" id="FNanchor_J_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_J_10" class="fnanchor">[J]</a> Hazen House built by Dr. Thomas +Paddock, which is still standing to-day, and passed safely +through the fire, stood invincible at the head of a column +of buildings. The fire was confined to its own seething +territory, and this block between Leinster and East King +Street, and the whole of King Square were safe. But as +the night advanced,<a name="FNanchor_K_11" id="FNanchor_K_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_K_11" class="fnanchor">[K]</a> a house far away from the reach of<!-- Page 75 --><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75"></a> +flying cinders, was observed on a sudden to be throwing +out flames, and from that moment all knew the eastern +portion of the city was doomed to destruction. Christian +Robertson's mammoth stable, with its splendid livery +appointments, and large stock of feed and hay, representing +large value, was only a plaything of the moment. +Old St. Malachi's Chapel, the first Roman Catholic +Church in the city, caught from the sparks which were +borne on the breeze from the stable. Its destruction +was complete. The first service held by a clergyman of +the Faith in St. John, was in the City Hall, Market Square, +1813, by Rev. Charles French. St. Malachi's Chapel was +opened by that gentleman, October 1st, 1815. Among the +<a name="tn_png_z095"></a><!--TN: Long space removed between "priests" and "who"-->priests who succeeded him in that place were Father +McQuade, who in 1819, had thirty women and thirty-five +men for a congregation, and Fathers Macmahon, Carrol, +and Dumphy. Mr. Carrol came from Halifax, and was +the nephew of the first Roman Catholic Bishop of the +Maritime Provinces—Bishop Burk. Of late years St. Malachi's +was used for school, lecture, bazaar, and other purposes. +Some of the most eloquent efforts of J. C. Ferguson +and R. J. Ritchie, have been delivered from the platform +of this Hall, on temperance and other topics. St. Malachi's +was used as a church until the cathedral was opened +under Bishop Connolly's charge. The St. Vincent De +Paul Society met in this hall for several years, as well +as those other excellent institutions, the C. T. A. and St. +Joseph's Societies.</p> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_G_7" id="Footnote_G_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_G_7"><span class="label">[G]</span></a> Smith's History of Virginia, Ed. of 1627, on large paper: Smith's History +of New York, large paper edition, 1758, presentation copy to Governor +Ellis, of Georgia: and a very valuable historical library on New England +and Acadian History.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_H_8" id="Footnote_H_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_H_8"><span class="label">[H]</span></a> This was the old <a name="tn_png_z095a"></a><!--TN: Period added after "Friary"-->Friary.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_I_9" id="Footnote_I_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_I_9"><span class="label">[I]</span></a> Before this the troops lived on Fort Howe Hill, and the artillery +at Hare's Wharf.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_J_10" id="Footnote_J_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_J_10"><span class="label">[J]</span></a> The lot where the Hazen House now stands (King Square) was bought +in 1790, by Mr. Thomas Horsfield for £6 5s., and sold by him five years later +for £5, to a number of gentlemen who erected a grist mill there. In 1800, +they abandoned the enterprise, and in 1818, the spot was used as a barracks +at the time when one-third of the militia were called out for a few months, +when war with the United States was threatened. A day or two after the +fire in June, 1877, the Bank of New Brunswick opened a temporary office +there for a few days, and a soldier of the 97th regiment kept guard over the +building at night. Some of the 62nd also did duty here.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_K_11" id="Footnote_K_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_K_11"><span class="label">[K]</span></a> The fire broke out in rear of Dr. Boyle Travers' residence.</p></div> +</div> + + + + + +<hr class="newpg" style="width: 65%;"><!-- Page 76 --><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VII" id="CHAPTER_VII"></a>CHAPTER VII.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">A hard-working Manager—The Dramatic Lyceum—The Temperance +Hall—The Water-Works Building—A Hard Fight—Another Rush of +the Homeless—The Weary March of the Unfortunates—History of +the Water Supply—Early Struggles—Changes—The Old Way—The +St. John Water Company—Placed in Commission—The Company To-day.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">The</span> cosy Dramatic Lyceum, endeared to old theatre-goers +on account of many pleasant memories, was reduced to +ashes after the fire had destroyed the marble establishments +of Jas. and Robt. Milligan and S. P. Osgood. Like +Robertson's stable it was not long in the throes of dissolution, +for it parted company with the earth in a few brief +moments. It had been built a score of years and more, +and for a long time it was the chief place of amusement +in the city. Its builder was the father of theatricals in +St. John, and no man ever did more for his chosen profession +than he. He worked with the vigour which only +an enthusiast feels, and now at the close of his long managerial +career, extending over a quarter of a century, he +can look back with pride and satisfaction on the work he +has done. He has taught the people all they know of +dramatic affairs to-day. He has educated and elevated +their tastes, and by the production of the great masterpieces +of Shakespeare, Jonson, Massenger, Bulwer, Goldsmith +and Sheridan, he has instilled into the minds of the +citizens a love of all that is admirable and beautiful in +our common literature. He it was, who at great pecuniary +sacrifice brought such an artist as Charles Mathews<!-- Page 77 --><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77"></a> +here, and it was under his management that Charles +Dillon, E. L. Davenport, Frederic Robinson, Wyzeman +Marshall and the famous comedian, Wm. J. Le Moyne,<a name="FNanchor_L_12" id="FNanchor_L_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_L_12" class="fnanchor">[L]</a> +played short engagements in our city. When the plain, but +comfortable Lyceum was built, it was the first step towards +a regular theatre that had been made, and in his early days +Mr. Lanergan had much to contend against and many old +prejudices to break down. A hundred arguments were +brought to bear against his enterprise. Many good people, +unskilled in the knowledge of the world, and who had never +in their lives attended a theatre, were the most open in their +denunciation of it and its teachings. Fathers were exhorted +to keep their boys at home, and men and women were +enjoined not to attend the performances in this "devil's +house." But Mr. Lanergan showed his patrons that he +could furnish a species of amusement harmless in its character +and respectable in its quality. He selected from +the wide range of plays only those which taught good +lessons, and the ladies and gentlemen he secured to give +utterance to the thoughts of the masters in literature, +were persons of irreproachable character and conduct. +He saw his efforts rewarded at length, and during the last +ten years of his career his audiences comprised the <i>elite</i> of +the city. The old Lyceum was ever a pleasant place. It +was cosy and easy and roomy, and one could always see +an acceptable performance on its little stage. The build<!-- Page 78 --><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78"></a>ing +was sold to the Irish Friendly Society a few months +ago and it was used by them for concerts, entertainments, +&c. On the night of the fire it was under engagement to +a minstrel party.<a name="FNanchor_M_13" id="FNanchor_M_13"></a><a href="#Footnote_M_13" class="fnanchor">[M]</a><!-- Page 79 --><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79"></a></p> + +<p>After this temple of art was overthrown the fire burned +along the square till it struck the Hazen building, now +owned by C. M. Bostwick, who had but recently renovated<!-- Page 80 --><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80"></a> +it from top to bottom. But this corner house was too +much for the fire, the fiend was baffled in its object, and +though late through the night it made several inefficient +attempts to raise its head, when the morning dawned, +the Hazen Building was still safe and defiant, for the +flames were at its feet helpless and weak. The fire +crept along the square and passed the burned district +when it divided itself into two wings. The right body +went up Leinster Street, and the left wing proceeded +around by the square, attacked the Court House, was +repulsed, when it burned the buildings adjoining No. 2 +Engine House, and made a sortie in rear of the jail. It +was well nigh successful in its object, and indeed a portion +of this edifice was burned. The prisoners were made +secure, and a grand exit took place under the immediate +supervision of Deputy Sheriff Rankine. Two or three +of the culprits managed to escape, but they returned next +day, after wandering about the city, and gave themselves +up, fearing lest they would starve in the desolate and +destitute town. The jail successfully resisted the flames, +but not so the old Temperance Hall which stood beside +it. This antiquated and wholly unattractive meeting-house +was put up about thirty years ago, and was originally +intended for a school in connection with the poor-house, +which stood on the corner of Carmarthen and East +King Streets. The Temperance Order was organized in +St. John, May 12th, 1847, and the leading men were +Hon. S. L. Tilley, C.B., Lieut.-Governor of the Province, +Chas. A. Everett, the Smilers, John Rankine, W. H. A.<!-- Page 81 --><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81"></a> +Keans, S. B. Paterson, O. D. Wetmore, and of late years, +Samuel Tufts, Edw. Willis, A. G. Blakslee, J. A. S. Mott, +and Sheriff Harding. The organization met in King +Street till they were burned out, after which they settled +in the Temperance Hall near the jail, where they have +remained ever since. The interior of this block was +burned, and only the Court House, which was opened for +the first time for Supreme Court uses by Judge Botsford +at the January Circuit of 1830, the Registry Office, and +the City Prison were left. It was only by dint of the +most strenuous exertions that these buildings were kept +proof against the levelling qualities of the left wing, +which again and again reared its front till it was firmly +laid low at eleven in the evening of that terrible day. +The old poor-house in Carmarthen Street was hemmed in +by the united forces of left and right, and it easily succumbed +without even a show of resistance. The defence +of the office of the Superintendent of Water Supply<a name="FNanchor_N_14" id="FNanchor_N_14"></a><a href="#Footnote_N_14" class="fnanchor">[N]</a> was +one of the memorable events in connection with the +history of the fire. In the yard people from all quarters +of the city had stored their goods in the vain hope that +the fire could never reach them. The situation of the +office seemed to promise safety. It was far away from +the business portion of the town, and no one dreamed of<!-- Page 82 --><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82"></a> +its being attacked from the contingent which moved along +Carmarthen Street. Here at least many persons thought, +was a place of safety. From four o'clock in the afternoon, +while the rich row of buildings in the Market +Square were struggling against overwhelming odds, load +after load of furniture, merchandise and general chattels +poured into the spacious yard, and even the office itself +was for a time a vast warehouse. It was only when the +work of the incendiary showed itself in Leinster Street +and old Malachi's toppled over, that the destruction of +the well-equipped office was considered imminent. Then +it was that heart-sick and weary men and women, who +had worked all day, and who had lost nearly all +they possessed, and had hoped what little they had +taken to the water-office yard would be saved, began +to realize the situation. Where could they go now? +Where could they take the only remnants which +reminded them of the bright home they had had that +morning. Twice had they gathered up the fragments, +and in each removal the little heap grew smaller +than before. But it was worse now. In the afternoon +teams could be had for five dollars a load, and +now as high as thirty, and even fifty dollars were refused +by inhuman drivers. Calamities sometimes make barbarians +of men, and the nearer the flames got, and the +hotter the breath of the fire became, the more exorbitant +was the price asked by owners of vehicles, and the more +inhumanity mankind exhibited. Women cried and +groaned as they fell on all that was left, and some begged<!-- Page 83 --><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83"></a> +piteously for help. But when they got a dray or a sloven, +where could they go? The wild behemoth could overtake +them where'er they went. But on came the fire, +both sides of the street, back again by Carmarthen Street, +up by Carmarthen Street. Here the force united, and +crushing out all before it, drove with tremendous energy +and iron-like rigour into the very heart of the building. +In an instant it was on fire in ten places, and the huge +pipes alongside that looked so like an array of mounted +cannon, were all that remained in the yard the next day. +The blacksmith shop, oil-house, stable, and everything +near showed scarcely a trace of what they had been. The +great bulk of the valuable records, papers and plans and +specifications of the office were saved through the untiring +vigilance of the superintendent, his valuable aids and the +workmen in the employ of the Company. Nothing, indeed, +that could not be replaced in a little time was lost.</p> + +<p>In this connection, a brief sketch of the water supply +of St. John will not be without interest. It is only half +a century ago that the inhabitants of this city were +dependent on wells for the water which they drank and +used. Even at later date than that it used to be sold +about the streets from tall casks, at a penny a bucketful. +The chief wells were in King's Square, Blockhouse Hill—the +vantage ground of many a well-contested fisticuff +battle between the rising generation; Princess Street, near +Charlotte; Queen Square, the foot of Poor House Hill, +which in winter made such a splendid coasting road; and +in Portland close by the first public hydrant, now in<!-- Page 84 --><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84"></a> +Main Street. In 1820, agitation was made for a better +system of water supply; but it was not until 1825 that +the question took definite shape, and an Act for the incorporation +of a water company, with a capital of £10,000 +passed the Legislature. Surveys were at once made, and +estimates were laid before the stockholders, but the capital +subscribed was deemed insufficient to enable them to +go on with the work in hand. The money was accordingly +lent out on interest until the next year, when each stockholder +received back the sum he had paid in, with three +per cent. added. A number of new wells were sunk at +once, and every effort made to secure for the people a +fuller supply. In 1832, Hon. William Black, Nehemiah +Merritt, James White, John Ward, George D. Robinson, +Thomas Barlow, Hugh Johnston, John M. Wilmot, James +Hendricks, Thomas Millidge, Robert W. Crookshank, +Zalmon Wheeler, Robert Parker, William B. Kinnear, +Richard Sands, Lauchlan Donaldson, Charles Simonds, +James T. Hanford, William Leavitt, and Noah Disbrow +had an Act passed for the Incorporation of the St. +John Water Company. It started with a subscribed +capital of £20,000, five per cent. of which was to +be paid in a year from the date of the passing of the Act. +The shares were placed at £5 each. Directors were to be +elected every year, and consist of thirteen in number, and +seven of the old directors were to remain in office each +year. In 1834, a new Act was passed, amending the one +which was sanctioned two years previously, but the Company +was not regularly organized until 1837. Colonel<!-- Page 85 --><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85"></a> +Baldwin, C.E., during this year, made surveys, and on his +advice the first practical attempt at bringing the water +into the city from Lily Lake was made. An engineer was +appointed, and, under his management, the first City +Water Works were built. The water was not brought, +as in the opinion of eminent engineers it should have +been, directly from Lily Lake to the city by its own gravitation, +but was taken from the tail of Gilbert's Mill, and +conducted thence by a sluice to a reservoir or a cistern, +which was placed a few yards to the south-west of the +Marsh-bridge. An engine and pumping-house was erected +over the cistern, a steam-engine and gear were procured, +and the water was sent through a ten-inch main to the +reservoir, which was on Block House Hill. The water +was first brought through the pipes to the city in October, +1838. The supply passed through a very limited +number of pipes, and the inhabitants, up to 1850, could +only get water two hours each morning. The Company, +from its first organization, suffered the pangs of +financial troubles. The stock had met with many takers, +who subscribed readily, but when called on for their payments +failed to respond. A loan of £5,000 was received +from the Legislature, which relieved the company somewhat +for the nonce. In 1850, an appeal was made to the +citizens on public <a name="tn_png_z105"></a><!--TN: "gronnds" changed to "grounds"-->grounds, and they were earnestly solicited +to take up the new shares which were offered. The +money from this source was to be applied to the extending +of the works to, and bringing the water from, Little +River at Scott's Mill, five miles away from the city. This<!-- Page 86 --><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86"></a> +course had been recommended by Chas. W. Fairbanks, +Esq., C.E., of Halifax, under whose supervision the water +had been introduced into that city. The city took up 900 +shares, and private individuals bought the balance. The +site at Scott's Mill was purchased, a small dam was built, +and a twelve-inch main, four and a half miles in length, +was laid. This main the company connected with +the ten-inch main that was laid in 1837-8. The +same main is still perfect, and to-day works as well as +ever. In 1852 an Act was passed, authorizing a further +increase in the capital to the amount of £10,000, +to be made preference stock. This was necessary +to meet the growing demand of consumers, and to +enable the company to extend their pipes through the +streets. In April, 1855, an Act was passed to allow the +company to transfer their property and works to the City +Corporation and Sessions. This step was deemed prudential +for many reasons, the chief of which was the great +difficulty the company experienced in running the water +and sewerage systems separately. The conveyance was +made. The Act authorized the Commissioners to issue +debentures, bearing six per cent. interest, payable half-yearly, +and redeemable at periods not exceeding forty +years from their date. Two of the commissioners, one of +whom should be chairman, were to be appointed by the +Common Council, and another by the County Sessions. +John Sears, Esq.—who lost in the great fire all his private +papers, historical recollections which he had been collecting +for forty years, and a number of rare oil paintings and<!-- Page 87 --><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87"></a> +portraits, an irreparable loss—was the first chairman, with +the late John M. Walker, and John Owens, Esquires, as +Commissioners. In 1864, Edward E. Lockhart, <a name="tn_png_z107"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "Esq."-->Esq., the +present chairman, was appointed to the office, and +the late Thomas King, and J. D. Woodworth, Esquires, +Commissioners. On Mr. King's death, Mr. Stephen K. +Brundage was appointed, and Mr. William Seely took Mr. +Woodworth's place.</p> + +<a name="queen"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z203_queen_square.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="552"> +<p class="caption">VIEW FROM QUEEN SQUARE.</p> +</div> + + + + +<p>The first step taken by the commission was the improvement +of the works. The dam at Little River reservoir +was built higher and stronger, and during the +progress of operations on it, it burst twice, and Gilbert +Murdoch, Esq., the chief engineer, narrowly escaped +drowning on one of these occasions. A twenty-four inch +main was laid from the reservoir, and almost at the same +time, and for most of its length, beside the ten inch main +put down in 1850. This came across the Marsh bridge, +and was connected, along with the twelve inch main, with +an iron chamber, from which the water flowed into the +original ten inch main, running up Brussels Street to the +reservoir; a twelve inch main up Waterloo Street; a +twelve inch main which went by the city road to Portland, +and mains which have been put down later. The +reservoir in Leinster Street was also thoroughly improved.</p> + +<p>A new twelve inch main was laid up Erin Street, +through St. Patrick and Wentworth Streets, to Princess, +in 1868. The twelve inch main that is laid up Waterloo +street, also goes along Sydney to Princess streets, and the +Portland twelve inch main is extended nearly to the spot<!-- Page 88 --><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88"></a> +where the defunct street railway stables were, on Main +Street, where an eight inch pipe joins it, and carries the +water as far as Rankin's mill, by way of the steamboat +wharves.</p> + +<p>This brings the history of the water supply down to +about nine years ago. Since that time, the progress which +has been made upon it has been great and rapid. A vast +amount of money and skill have been expended to bring +the works down to the splendid state of perfection in +which they are now. The water supply is excellent, and +the system of sewerage is unsurpassed anywhere. Under +great natural difficulties the work has been prosecuted, +but the engineers and their workmen, by dint of perseverance, +have surmounted the many obstacles which beset +them on every side. Before leaving this subject, a remark +or two may be made about the source from which our +people receive their supply of water. The Victoria spring +is situate on a hill-side, about a mile this side of Loch +Lomond. Its waters form the head of Little River. Lake +Donaldson is near the spring, and the Victoria is supposed +to drain it. The stream from the spring flows into Douglas +Lake, a sheet of water on the south side of the Loch +Lomond road, eight miles from the Marsh Bridge. It is +three miles from Lake Douglas to the reservoir. Lake Latimer, +one of the feeders of Little River on the south side, +is nearly as high as Loch Lomond. Its waters are as clear as +crystal. Lake Buck, which also flows into Little River, lies +about a quarter of a mile away from it. Long's Lake which +is on the right side of Little River as it flows towards Court<!-- Page 89 --><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89"></a>eney +Bay, is about a mile to the north of Loch Lomond +Road, and empties itself into the reservoir. That a still further +head may be had when wanted, the Commissioners +purchased land through which they can bring a strong supply +of water from Loch Lomond. There is an abundance +of water in Little River for the immediate requirements of +the city, but the supply can be doubled easily by tapping +Loch Lomond.</p> + +<p>The water in the Little River Reservoir is one hundred +and sixty feet above high tide level; and in the Leinster +Street Reservoir it is one hundred and thirty-two feet. +A good deal of nonsense, during the excitement of the +present fire, was talked about an inadequate supply of +water to meet the wants of the exigency, but this was +found to be fallacious. There was plenty of water all the +time, and while there was much reckless and needless +waste, there was sufficient of the element to meet the +demands of the firemen and hose-men. It is a popular +cry to raise at a fire which cannot be got under way, that +there is no water. On the best authority the writer is +happy to be able to place it on record that the supply of +water was in every way adequate to the requirements of +the hour.</p> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_L_12" id="Footnote_L_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_L_12"><span class="label">[L]</span></a> Mr. Le Moyne's second appearance in St. John was at the Academy of +Music, in October, 1876, when he appeared in a round of favourite characters +from dramatizations of Dickens' novels, under the management of Mr. +Charles H. Thayer, of Boston.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"> +<p><a name="Footnote_M_13" id="Footnote_M_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_M_13"><span class="label">[M]</span></a> As many readers take interest in the programmes used on first nights of +theatres we give a copy of Mr. Lanergan's opening bill, at the Lyceum. It +runs as follows:</p> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:.1em;margin-top:1em;">ST. JOHN DRAMATIC LYCEUM.</p> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.25em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:1em;margin-top:.1em;" class="smcap">South Side King's Square, St. John, N. B.</p> + +<table class="other" summary="Opening Bill" align="center" width="80%"> +<tr valign="top"><td><i>Manager and Proprietor</i></td><td><span class="smcap">Mr. J. W. Lanergan.</span></td></tr> +<tr valign="top"><td><i>Stage Director</i></td><td><span class="smcap">Frank Rea.</span></td></tr> +<tr valign="top"><td><i>Scenic Artist</i></td><td><span class="smcap">D. A. Strong.</span></td></tr> +<tr valign="top"><td><i>Machinist and Property Maker</i></td><td><span class="smcap">D. J. Moriarty.</span></td></tr> +<tr valign="top"><td><i>Ticket Master</i></td><td><span class="smcap">T. A. Allison.</span></td></tr> +</table> + +<table width="60%" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Poem" align="center"> +<tr valign="top"><td> +<div class="poem" style="font-size:.8em;"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="iout">"Those who live to please,</span> +<span class="i0">Must please to live!"</span></div></div></td></tr> +</table> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:.1em;margin-top:.1em;">GRAND OPENING NIGHT!</p> + +<p>The above new and elegant place of amusement will open for the first +regular Dramatic Season, on Monday evening, June 15, 1857, with a full, +Efficient and Talented Dramatic Company,—comprising the following well +known Ladies and Gentlemen:</p> + +<table class="other" summary="Dramatic Company" align="center" width="95%" style="padding-bottom:.5em;"> +<tr><td width="5%"> </td><td width="5%" align="center">Mr.</td><td width="30%"><span class="smcap">W. A. Donaldson,</span></td><td align="left" rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;" width="5%"><span +style="font-size:3.25em;">}</span></td><td width="45%" align="left" rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle;">From the Boston Theatre.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">"</td><td><span class="smcap">N. Davenport,</span></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">"</td><td><span class="smcap">N. C. Forrester,</span></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">"</td><td><span class="smcap">Frank Rea</span></td><td> </td><td>From Wallack's Theatre, New York.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">"</td><td><span class="smcap">F. S. Buxton</span></td><td> </td><td>From <a name="tn_png_z111"></a><!--TN: "The" changed to "the"-->the Canadian Theatres.</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="5" align="center"><span class="smcap">G. F. Tyrrell; J. C. Wallace; E. B. Holmes; D. J. Moriarty; P. +Moriarty and J. W. Lanergan,</span></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">Mrs.</td><td><span class="smcap">J. W. Lanergan,</span></td><td align="left" rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;" width="5%"><span +style="font-size:3.25em;">}</span></td><td width="45%" align="left" rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;">From Wallack's Theatre, New York.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">"</td><td><span class="smcap">Frank Rea</span></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">Miss</td><td><span class="smcap">E. Homan</span></td><td> </td><td>From the Boston Theatres.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">Mrs.</td><td><span class="smcap">F. S. Buxton</span></td><td> </td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " </span>Canadian <span class="spacedquotes">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">"</td><td><span class="smcap">J. C. Wallace</span></td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="center">"</td><td><span class="smcap">N. C. Forrester</span></td><td> </td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " </span>Boston <span class="spacedquotes">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>and</td><td align="center">"</td><td><span class="smcap">J. C. Moriarty</span></td><td> </td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " </span> " <span class="spacedquotes">"</span></td></tr> + +</table> + + +<p class="center"><i>The entertainment will commence as above with the National Anthem!</i></p> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:.1em;margin-top:.1em;">GOD SAVE THE QUEEN,</p> + +<p class="center">By the Orchestra.—After which an Original opening Address written, and +to be delivered by</p> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:.1em;margin-top:.1em;">G. F. TYRRELL.</p> + +<p class="center">To be followed by Sir <span class="smcap">E. L. Bulwer's</span> Chaste and Elegant Comedy in +5 acts, entitled<br> +<span class="smcap">Money!</span></p> + +<table width="80%" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Poem2" align="center"> +<tr valign="top"><td> +<div class="poem" style="font-size:.8em;"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="iout">"'Tis a very good world that we live in,</span> +<span class="i0">To lend, or to spend, to give in,—</span> +<span class="i0">But to beg, or to borrow, or to get a man's own,</span> +<span class="i0">'Tis the very worst world that ever was known."</span> +</div></div></td></tr> +</table> + +<table class="other" summary="Dramatic Company for Money" align="center" width="95%" style="padding-bottom:.5em;"> +<tr><td width="35%">Alfred Evelyn</td><td width="30%"> </td><td width="35%">Mr. <span class="smcap">J. W. Lanergan</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td>Benjamin Stout, Esq.</td><td style="text-align: right;">(first appearance)</td><td class="smcap">Frank Rea.</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sir John Vesey</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span class="spacedquotes">" " </span></td><td><span class="smcap">Frank Rea.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>Lord Glossmore</td><td> </td><td class="smcap">G. F. Tyrrell.</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mr. Graves</td><td style="text-align: right;">(first appearance)</td><td>Mr. <span class="smcap">F. S. Buxton</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sir Fredk. Blunt</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span class="spacedquotes">" " </span></td><td><span class="smcap">N. Davenport.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>Capt. Dudley Smooth</td><td style="text-align: right;"><span class="spacedquotes">" " </span></td><td><span class="smcap">W. A. Donaldson.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>Sharp</td><td> </td><td><span class="smcap">J. C. Wallace.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>Toke</td><td style="text-align: right;">(first appearance)</td><td class="smcap">D. J. Moriarty.</td></tr> +<tr><td>Clara Douglas</td><td> </td><td>Mrs. <span class="smcap">J. W. Lanergan</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lady Franklyn</td><td style="text-align: right;">(first appearance)</td><td>Mrs. <span class="smcap">Frank Rea</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td>Georgina</td><td> </td><td>Mrs. <span class="smcap">J. C. Wallace</span>.</td></tr> +</table> + +<p class="center"><i>The entertainments of the evening will conclude with the Amusing farce,<br> +with</i> NEW READING, of</p> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:.1em;margin-top:.1em;"><span class="smcap">Mr. & Mrs.</span> PETER WHITE.</p> + +<table class="other" summary="Dramatic Company for Peter White" align="center" width="95%" style="padding-bottom:.5em;"> +<tr><td width="35%">Mr. Peter White</td><td style="text-align: right;" width="30%">Mr.</td><td width="35%"><span class="smcap">F. S. Buxton.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>Major Pepper</td><td style="text-align: right;">" </td><td><span class="smcap">N. C. Forrester.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>Frank Brown</td><td style="text-align: right;">" </td><td><span class="smcap">E. B. <a name="tn_png_z111a"></a><!--TN: Comma changed to period after "Holmes"-->Holmes.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>Widow White</td><td style="text-align: right;">Mrs.</td><td><span class="smcap">J. W. Lanergan.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>Mrs. Peter White</td><td style="text-align: right;">" </td><td><span class="smcap">Frank Rea.</span></td></tr> +<tr><td>Kitty Clover</td><td style="text-align: right;">" </td><td><span class="smcap">J. C. Wallace.</span></td></tr> +</table> + +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.5em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-bottom:.1em;margin-top:.1em;"><i>PRICES OF ADMISSION.</i></p> + +<p class="center">Parquette 1s. 3d.—Dress Circle 2s. 6d.—Private and Family +Boxes $4, 5 & 6 each.</p> + +<p><img src="images/hand.png" alt="pointing hand" width="50" height="22"> Private and Family boxes can be secured in advance by application +at the Box Office.</p> + +<p class="center smcap">Doors open at half past 7—Commence at 8.<br> +<p class="center"><i>Ladies unaccompanied by gentlemen not admitted.</i></p> +<p class="center">Good order is expected and will be rigidly enforced.</p> +<p class="center smcap">Printed at Day's Job Office, 4 Market Street.</p> + +</div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_N_14" id="Footnote_N_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_N_14"><span class="label">[N]</span></a> On these premises was situated the St. John Meteorological Observatory. +This was destroyed, but all the instruments belonging to the +Dominion were saved. Night and day observations have been made +here under the superintendence of Gilbert Murdoch Esq., C. E., during +the last 25 years.</p></div> +</div> + + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 90 --><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VIII" id="CHAPTER_VIII"></a>CHAPTER VIII</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">Burning of the Leinster Street Baptist Church—The Varley School—Centenary +Chapel—The Gas Works—$17,000 worth of Coal burn in +Ten Days—The Tall Sentinel—St. David's Church—The Reformed +Presbyterian Church—The Victoria School—Gigantic Ruins—An Accident—Sketch +of the School-house.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">After</span> destroying the fence which enclosed the premises +of the Water Company, the fire crossed the street, burned +Mr. Wm. Murdoch, jr.'s, house, and turned its attention to +the Leinster Street Baptist Church, which was soon +brought to the level of the earth. This building was +cleanly and squarely burned, and nothing approaching to +the semblance of an edifice could be seen on the spot half-an-hour +after the fire ceased. The building was completely +swept away. The corporate body of the church was +organized in 1858, under the pastorate of the Rev. E. B. +Demill, son of Nathan S. Demill, with a membership of +sixteen. The church was begun 1861, and in two months +and a half the basement was finished and ready for service. +In three years afterwards the church proper was +completed, and the parsonage was erected in 1874. The +former cost $13,000, and the latter $6,500. The second +minister who presided over this congregation, was the +Rev. W. V. Garner, who officiated for the first time in 1864. +He was succeeded, in 1867, by Rev. W. S. Mackenzie, a +trenchant writer and an excellent reasoner. The Rev. +J. D. Pope followed him in 1874, and was the pastor<!-- Page 91 --><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91"></a> +of the church at the time of the conflagration. The early +deacons and prominent men of the church, were the late +Nathan S. Demill and Saml. Kinsman. Hon. A. McL. +Seely, A. W. Masters, J. F. Marsters, and Stephen E. +Gerow are the present deacons. The building was fully +insured, and after the church debt of $3,000 is paid, the +people will have about $15,000 with which to commence +re-building.</p> + +<p>The old Varley Wesleyan day-school, a brick building +which a prominent Methodist—the late Mark Varley—designed +for the purpose of educating, free, the poor +belonging to his faith, made a resolute stand against +the forces of the leveller. But in vain was water dashed +upon the building. The intense heat drove the people back +and no efforts of man could prevent the school-house from +being in the end subdued. This property was erected a +little more than twenty years ago and served its purpose +long and well. A first-class education could be gained +here. The teachers were usually men of brains, and the +system employed for imparting instruction was simple +and efficacious. After the school law came into force this +school was no longer necessary under its old management, +and the school trustees leased the building from the +Varley Trustees, and it was used as an advanced school, at +the time of the fire. The building occupied two stories. +The upper room was used for girls and the lower apartment +for boys.</p> + +<p>The rear of Centenary Chapel adjoined the Varley +school, and being built of wood and very large, it went<!-- Page 92 --><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92"></a> +up in a sea of flame without warning. The church was +opened on its present site, corner of Princess and Wentworth +streets, in 1839, the first Sunday after the fire in +Dock street, and was designed by Mr. Burpee, an American +architect. Mr. W. B. Frost put up the frame. The +Rev. Dr. Wood, of Toronto, in 1838 preached the sermon +on the laying of the corner-stone, and after the church +was built he officiated for some years till 1846 when he +left St. John. He was succeeded by the Rev. Henry +Daniel and Rev. Mr. Sutcliffe, whose ministry lasted some +three years. Rev. Dr. Knight and Rev. Mr. Cooney followed +for four years. Then Rev. Messrs. James Hennigar +and Cardy were the ministers for three years. Rev. +Mr. Albrighton and Rev. Dr. Stewart, and Rev. Mr. Botterel +held service for three years more. The Rev. Messrs. +John McMurray and Wm. Wilson, were the clergymen for +three years, and Rev. J. R. Narraway followed with Rev. +Dr. Richey for the same period. After them came for two +years Rev. Mr. England, who in his turn was followed by +Rev. Mr. Lathern for three years and Rev. Donald Currie +for two years. Rev. Dr. Henry Pope, who published a +year ago, an acceptable series of sermons in two volumes, +entitled, "Draughts from the Living Fountain," succeeded +him for three years, and Rev. Howard Sprague, one of the +most eloquent and popular divines in the conference was +the last clergyman of this church. He was elected to +proceed to England shortly after the burning, to get subscriptions +and assistance for the rebuilding of the chapel. +This church occupied the north-west corner of Princess<!-- Page 93 --><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93"></a> +and Wentworth Streets. The other three corners contained +three splendid residences, those of J. V. Troop and +Chas. McLauchlan, jr., Esqs., Simeon Jones and Alexander +Lockhart, Esqs. These houses being solidly built and +very strong were a good while in burning, but they went +at last and a large portion of the furniture and other +household goods that were got into the street were stolen +afterwards by the ghouls which infested the place. One +lady lost in this way a valuable box of furs, another her +jewelry and a third a work-box of ornate design and +curious pattern, which contained many little nick-nacks +of value and interest. In this street depredations of a +wholesale nature went on unchecked all through the night. +The houses of Mr. W. C. Godsoe and Mr. T. Amos Godsoe +were both burned, and a house near by was pillaged by +the mob even while the walls were swaying to and fro. +Mr. J. W. Scammell's house on Princess Street and Mrs. +Chas. Patton's residence caught fire from blazing brands +which consumed them speedily, and the heavens were +soon alive with burning bits of wood, which being borne +on the breeze sailed lightsomely away. The fire burned +several houses in Pitt Street, and though the occupants of +Orange Terrace moved out quickly, their residences were +saved, the paint only on the doors and front being singed.</p> + +<a name="wentworth"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z203_wentworth_st.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="527"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">WENTWORTH STREET.</p> +</div> + + +<p>The Gas house which is located on Carmarthen Street +was long in catching, but when the fire did reach it, its +destruction was one of the most beautiful sights which +were witnessed that night. An immense heap of coal took +fire and the flames mounted to the sky. The great blaze<!-- Page 94 --><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94"></a> +lasted nine or ten days afterwards and the value of the coal +was over $17,000. Nothing was left on the spot but the tall +sentinel-like chimney, blackened in the fire, and standing +like a monument over the wreck of an institution, which +the morning before represented a value exceeding two +hundred and sixty thousand dollars. The company under +the excellent direction of Robert Blair, Esq., the President, +had just received a new lease of life and impetus. Since +his assumption of the duties of the office, the stock rapidly +rose in value, the price of gas was reduced, and improvements +on a large scale had been inaugurated. In a single +night these works were swept away and only blackened +heaps of ruin remain. But the energy of Robert Blair +has not departed, and in less than six months gas will +again burn as brightly as ever in the less luxuriant halls +of the stricken population who can afford it. The works +were built in 1845, and in the evening of the 18th of +September of the same year, gas was first turned on in St. +John. Philip Peebles, Esq., C. E., now of Quebec, was +the engineer who furnished the plans, and Geo. Peebles, +Esq., C. E., was the Superintending Engineer. The latter +remained for a time and took charge. The first Secretary +Treasurer was Mr. Robert Reed. Mr. Gilbert Murdoch +C. E. was Superintendent of the works, and had charge +of the pipe-laying and distributing arrangements. Mr. +Robert Britain, the present Secretary, succeeded Mr. Reed +in the office, and was subsequently appointed Manager, +Robert Blair, Esq., was made President but a short time<!-- Page 95 --><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95"></a> +since. The price of gas up to 19th June 1877, was $3.00 +per thousand feet.</p> + +<a name="burnt_district"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z147_ruins.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="407"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption" style="margin-bottom:.1em;">BURNT DISTRICT, SHOWING GAS HOUSE CHIMNEY AND SMOKING RUINS, TAKEN FROM LOWER COVE.</p> +<p class="caption2">Photo by G. F. Simonson.</p> +</div> + + +<p>One hundred thousand feet of gas were in the holder's +close, and the flames not a block away. The direst danger +was imminent, and an explosion terrible in its character +might occur at any minute. No one can say how many +lives might have been lost, or how much valuable property +destroyed. No provision had been made to prevent this +blow-up, when Mr. Robert Britain with a prudence +and forethought wonderful in a time like the present, +sought the President and pointed out to him the vast extent +of the danger which was so near. Mr. Blair +immediately gave Mr. Britain full charge, who notwithstanding +that his own private residence was being burned +before his eyes, and his furniture and books, wholly uninsured, +were being swept away, stuck to his post like a +hero and averted a calamity, which might have resulted +in the instant death of hundreds of people. Such grand +conduct as this deserves more than a mere mention. +Words are weak rewards for such conduct.</p> + +<a name="westernside"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z221_western.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="424"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption" style="margin-bottom:.1em;">WESTERN SIDE OF CITY, TAKEN FROM LOWER COVE, SHOWING RUINS OF GAS WORKS.</p> +<p class="caption2">Photo. by Simonson.</p> +</div> + +<p>Leinster Street was burned wholly, both sides down to Pitt +Street where the fire ceased, excepting one house, on either +side which were spared. The whole of East King Street, +south side, from the jail to Pitt Street, Princess Street both +sides to Pitt Street were all destroyed. Mr. J. S. Turner's +walls in Princess Street remain in fair condition, but the +house is totally gutted. Orange Street fared the same fate. +The handsome residences of A. C. Smith, H. D. Troop, J. A. +Venning and J. W. Hall, Esqs., were devoured early by the<!-- Page 96 --><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96"></a> +flames. On Sydney Street two churches suffered severely. +Both of these were of the Presbyterian faith, St. David's +(Free) and the Reformed Presbyterian Kirk. The former +situate in Sydney Street, was built in 1850, and Rev. Dr. +Thompson, afterwards an eminent divine of New York, +was its first pastor, and preached the opening sermon in the +new kirk. Before the kirk was erected, this body worshipped +in the old St. Stephen building, King Square, and Dr. +Thompson preached there when the congregation gathered. +The Rev. Wm. Ferrie, at one time editor of a little journal +called <i>The Protestant</i>, was the second minister, and on his +retirement from his charge, he was succeeded by the Rev. +Neil McKay, and Mr. Ferrie went to New York. Mr. +McKay was followed by the present pastor, the Rev. Dr. +David Waters, whose loss in the fire was very large, the +greater part of his library having been burned. The Doctor +was away at the time in Halifax, and only reached the +city when all was lost.</p> + +<p>The Rev. A. McL. Stavely is the senior Presbyterian +clergyman of St. John. He came to the city in the ship +<i>Eagle</i>, August 3rd, 1841, having been ordained minister at +Kilbrought, Ireland, June 12th, of the same year. On the +7th of August, 1841, he preached his first sermon in the +first Reformed Presbyterian Church which was then in +the building in Lower Cove, opposite the Public Schools, +known as the Wheeler property. He was the first minister +of that denomination who came to the city, and has +continued ever since in charge of this body. In 1850, the +Lower Cove Church was sold, and has been since used for<!-- Page 97 --><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97"></a> +manufacturing purposes. The church on the corner of +Princess and Sydney Streets, and which was burned, was +erected in 1850. The house adjoining and which was +originally intended as a parsonage, was purchased by Mr. +Stavely, as his private house, and he has been living in +it for twenty-seven years. In 1870, at a cost of $2,000, +the basement of the church was excavated, and a fine +new hall for general purposes was made. By the fire Mr. +Stavely loses heavily, and his library, the accumulation of +many years, was destroyed.</p> + +<p>Probably, the greatest wreck of the day was the destruction +of the costly and splendid new Victoria School—a +building which presented a massive front, and occupied +a commanding position on the corner of Duke and Sydney +Streets. This was the edifice which many who lived up +the street as far as Carmarthen Street firmly believed +would act as a barrier to the flames, and keep off the fire +from their houses. Some so implicitly believed this that +until the high walls fairly bent over, not an effort was +made to remove even a picture from the rooms. O, said +the householders on Upper Duke street, that immense +pile will never burn; we are safe enough. But the proud +edifice where a thousand children received daily a free +education, did burn, and the sight though terrible, was one +of the most impressive of the day. Now there was hurrying +and packing in three score houses at once, and loud +cries to teamsters and shrieks to servants and porters rent +the air. Those, who talked the loudest before the school +was in ashes, exhibited the greatest despair when they saw<!-- Page 98 --><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98"></a> +what they believed up to this moment to be their surest +safeguard, encircled in the fury of the flames, going down +before their eyes. First the wood-work around the sashes +gave way, and lights shot from half a hundred windows, +and the crash of glass as it was hurled to the pavement +showed that the great fire had abated not a jot. The +hot slates on the roof came down the giddy height in +scores, and one man pinned to the earth by a falling +slate was carried away insensible of pain but with a two-inch +wound upon his scalp. The flames crackled for a +while and then the dull, heavy sound of weighty bodies +falling inside sent a shudder through the waiting, watching +crowd below. The woodwork snapped and sang in +the blaze, and the great stones on the windows and cornices +crumbled into fragments. And still the watchful +and waiting crowd stood in the street, straining their eyes +trying to look through the smoke, and seemingly unable +to comprehend it all. It was only a building that was +burning after all. Only another splendid edifice to add to +the total of this day's fell work. Yes, this was the last, +surely it might be spared. But the despoiler would not +leave one. All, all must be swept away in the general +scourge.</p> + + +<p>As the last vestige of the school-house went down all +hope for the city passed away from men's minds. If that +strong building could go so easily, where would the fire +end. Men who had lost their stores and houses wandered +about aimlessly, surveying the work of sorrow that was<!-- Page 99 --><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99"></a> +going on so unceasingly and relentlessly. It was a hopeless +thing now to try to save anything.</p> + +<p>The Victoria School-house, of which an illustration is +given, was begun in the spring of 1875, and was occupied +in the following May. Messrs. McKean & Fairweather made +the design, and it was erected under their supervision, by +Messrs. Flood & Prince. It cost $46,000; heating, $4,000. +The workmanship and materials employed in its construction +were of the most substantial character. The foundation +was on piles, capped with Georgia pine; and the basement +above ground was faced with granite. The fronts +were of pressed brick, relieved with Preston bands, window +heads and cornices. The slope of the roof was slated +and the deck was gravel roofed. The building was 82 feet +on Duke Street and 68 feet on Sydney Street, three stories +with high French roof, and a basement 12 feet high. The +basement contained two play-rooms, janitor's apartments +and furnaces and fuel. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors contained +four rooms each, 28 x 32, with clothes-rooms and teachers' +closets. The top floor had two rooms, 26 x 30, and a large +Exhibition Hall, 16 feet high, 26 x 75. These rooms were +separated by folding doors and could be thrown into one +room on occasion. The building was heated by hot water, +and ample provision was secured for ventilation by means +of tubes carried between the floors and entered through a +main central shaft through the centre of which the wrought +iron smoke pipe was carried. A central projection on +Duke Street of 4 x 24 feet was brought up as a tower, above +the main roof and finished with a steep high roof. This<!-- Page 100 --><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100"></a> +roof and the main roof were finished with a cast iron +cresting. The lot was enclosed with a neat iron railing +set in a free stone wall. The school-house was well +equipped with furniture.</p> + +<a name="victoriaschool"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:544px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z045_victoria_school.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="549" height="700"> +<p class="caption">VICTORIA SCHOOL HOUSE, CORNER OF DUKE AND SYDNEY STREETS.</p> +</div> + +<p>In Duke Street the meeting-house of the Disciples of +Christ (Christians) was situate. This church was built +of wood and of course burned very rapidly. The members +had their first place of worship in Charlotte Street where +Mr. Jack's buildings were. About twenty years ago they +removed to this building in Duke Street. Brother Tuttle +was the first pastor and Mr. Eaton was the second, Bro. Patterson +the next, and Elder Geo. W. Garrity was the fourth +and last. A few years ago a division took place in the +church, and a new edifice was built at the head of Jeffrey's +Hill, and about half of the members of the old congregation +linked their fortunes with the new order of +things.</p> + +<p>The old Madras School on the south side of Duke Street, +and the Roman Catholic School-house on Sydney Street, adjoining +the Victoria School and which was formerly taught +by the Christian brothers were burned also.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 101 --><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IX" id="CHAPTER_IX"></a>CHAPTER IX.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">Queen Square—Incidents in the Burning—The Old Pitcher—"God is +burning up the World, and He won't make another"—Saved from the +flames—Overtaken by Fire three times—The Night of Terror on Queen +Square—Alone amidst Perils—The Lone House on the Square—Three +People under a Table—The sailor—"If I Die to-night sir, hunt them +up"—The escape—The Deserted Streets—An Anomaly—The Marine +Hospital—What a few Buckets of Water Did—The Wiggins Orphan +Asylum—The block in Canterbury street—The <i>News</i> office—Savings +Bank.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">Some</span> of the most terrible incidents of the fire took place +during the burning of Queen Square. The flames carrying +away Mr. Manson's residence on the corner of Sydney +Street and the square, had entered Mr. A. L. Palmer's +house soon afterwards, and then the whole block was hurried +to destruction. The square was filled with the savings +of the people, not alone of those who lived hard by, +but many things were here that had been carried to the vacant +space from a long distance early that day. There was +bedding in abundance, and all round about little heaps of +general household stuff lay guarded by women and boys. +This for a time was the haven of safety, and the broad +field looked like a vast warehouse. Chairs and bedsteads +and even stoves and old pipes were piled in hopeless confusion +one upon the other. In the hurry people had taken +that which they had seen first, and the common things of +the kitchen were saved while the rich furniture of the +drawing-room was left to perish. A man congratulated<!-- Page 102 --><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102"></a> +himself upon saving an old tub and a dipper, while the +books in the library lay untouched save by the fire, and +private papers that he could easily have slipped into his +pocket, burned before his <a name="tn_png_z124"></a><!--TN: Comma changed to a period after "eyes"-->eyes. A lady told her husband +to be careful and take a bag which contained the massive +silver plate of her family for a century, and in the moving +it was found that he had saved the rag-bag instead. +A man who had been a prosperous merchant lost his all, +and the little savings he had scraped together in a decade +of years seemed to melt before him, but he that night +knelt and thanked his God that his wife and child were +by his side. These treasures were near him and all else +might go. He had his strong and willing hands still left, +and a firm spirit, and though for a while he would miss +the little comforts he had been accustomed to, yet would +he battle with the world again, and in the coming years +try to win back some of the fruits he had lost. Men in +the excitement knew not what to take first, and pianos +were thrown out of three-story windows, while carpets +that had worn worthily and well till they had +become heir-looms in the family, were carefully borne +down stairs on the broad shoulders of stout porters. +A thousand human beings stood in the square watching +the flames lashing the buildings before them. John Boyd, +Esq's residence, one of the handsomest buildings in the +city, richly furnished and equipped with costly books, was +attacked on both sides, and soon forced to yield and go +down like the less substantial buildings at its side. The +house of G. B. Cushing, Esq., was of wood, and it was not<!-- Page 103 --><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103"></a> +long before the site on which it stood was level with the +ground. Before the house of Mr. E. L. Jewett, once the +home of the late Dr. Gray, had taken fire, a gentleman +tried to save it by standing on the roof and dashing a +pitcher of water on the sparks as they caught vulnerable +spots. For an hour or more he stood there with his +pitcher, when it became evident to him that no effort that +he could make would save the building, and he got down, +leaving the pitcher standing on a ledge of the chimney. +The fire shortly afterwards burned the building, and left +the long chimney standing against the sky; and the next +day when the spot was visited, and people walked over +the heap of ashes that had once been a household, all that +was saved was the old pitcher, that still stood on the +ledge of the chimney solitary and alone. It told the story +of the desolation more eloquently than tongue of orator +could speak, or pen of a Macaulay could describe. The +house of ex-Mayor Woodward, with its hundreds of curiosities +and old relics, including Major André's gun and a +score of Continental dollars, caught in the rear, and lived +but a few minutes in the flames. But so it was all round +the square. When Mrs. Stevenson's strong house was +going to pieces, a flock of pigeons hovering near it were +drawn in by the heat; they whirled about for an instant, +turned and rushed into the vortex, and perished in a +second. A cat, maddened and wild, cut off from all +escape, dashed along, when the fire pursued her, and she +stood still. On Thursday morning she was still standing +in the same place. Her frame only could be seen, with<!-- Page 104 --><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104"></a> +head up and tail erect; it was a ghastly sight. It was +during the conflagration on the square, that a little child, +five years old, sat by the window of his grandfather's +house, then in fancied security, and looked out at the +flames. The little fellow for awhile could not speak. He +became pale with terror, and with a loud cry he burst out +with this thought: "O, pa, pa, come and see! God is +burning up the world, and He won't make another, and +He won't make another!" It was in vain they tried to +pacify him, he still continued his cry, and it was only +when far away from the dreadful scene which roused so +strangely his youthful imagination, that he became calm.</p> + +<a name="viewqueen"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z275_queen_square.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="558"> +<p class="caption">VIEW FROM QUEEN SQUARE.</p> +</div> + + +<p>But there were other incidents in this quarter of the +city which deserve more than a passing notice. There +were deeds of heroism done and hours of agony endured +that should be recorded and remembered. There were +exploits exhibiting a broad humanity and great self-sacrifice +performed, that should not be forgotten or go down +unrecognised. We had heroes in our midst that night, +and the man who climbed three stories of a house enveloped +in the flames, and snatched the sleeping infant from its +crib, and brought her safe to her agonized mother in the +square below, is as surely as brave as "he who taketh a +city," or marches against the invader of his country. If +there are decorations of honour to be given, let them be +bestowed on those noble ones who saved lives that day. +A case has come under the writer's notice which deserves +the fullest publicity. Mr. D. R. Munro, after working at +John McDougall's place in York Point for some time, and<!-- Page 105 --><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105"></a> +then going to the assistance of an old lady who was striving +to save her bedding, started for Lower Cove in the +direction of Mr. Tucker's house. On his way he noticed +with alarm the extraordinary headway which the fire was +making. Trinity and St. Andrew's were on fire, and the +Victoria Hotel just catching. Some of the streets were so +blocked up with people, and thick with flame and smoke, +that he could not pass them. He had to go through +Chipman's field, but he could not get further along Prince +William Street. Germain Street was the only way open +to him, and by this thoroughfare he journeyed till he reached +Queen Square. Here Mrs. Freeman, the rigger's wife, +was gathering together her scattered effects, when her +little children raised the cry, "Quick, quick, mother's on +fire! Save my mother!" Mr. Munro and a companion +rushed in, seized Mrs. Freeman, wound a carpet about +her, and tried to smother the flames with their hands. As +soon as the carpet was removed from her person, the +fire again seized her, when her clothes had to be torn +from her and she was rolled on the grass with a table-cloth +wrapped tightly around her. This saved her life, and +she escaped the awful death which seemed so imminent. +Mrs. Tucker's house was by this time in great danger, the +leaping flames were expected momentarily to snatch it +from its base, and people were beginning to get the furniture +away before the shock came. For a moment Mr. +Munro lay on the grass, unable to resume his exertions. +He had worked from three in the afternoon till it was +nearly eight o'clock, and with hands and face burned he<!-- Page 106 --><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106"></a> +rested on the grass. But his rest was of short duration, for +on looking up a sight met his eyes which filled his soul with +horror. Mrs. Tucker's house was on fire and she herself +seemed in the very heart of the flames. He almost flew +to her, the courage of the lion and the quickness of Mercury +seemed to come to him all at once, and he was by her +side in an instant. Three times her bonnet caught, and +as often was the blaze extinguished. Mrs. Tucker seemed +deaf to all requests of her friends, who in vain entreated +her to go away and leave her house and furniture to their +fate. She still remained by the few things she had borne +away, and it was after eight o'clock before she sought a +place of safety. A sailor was working in the cellar of her +house, passing the things he managed to lay hands on +through the window. He was not aware of his danger, +for when he had got in, the flames were a good distance +off, and when he was discovered the house was on fire. In +a few moments, it would come crushing down and bury +him in the ruins. Mr. Munro hastened to his relief. +Through his labours the man was rescued, for he had not +been out a hundred seconds, when, in a mass of ruins, +the house came tumbling down. The sailor, who gave +his name as Robert Angus, 2nd officer of the ship "Asiana," +sought with Mr. Munro a refuge in the square, for all +hope of getting away by any of the streets was cut off. +Both sides of Charlotte Street and Sydney Street were +on fire, and from St. Andrew's Street all means of exit +were away. The two men stood on the square and +looked around them. Strange emotions filled their<!-- Page 107 --><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107"></a> +breasts. They were alone, standing in the centre of +one of the greatest conflagrations they had ever seen. +All round them the giant flames gathered, and closer +and closer, and narrower and narrower the circle became. +The Pagoda in their rear was blazing. The +posts here and there burned at the tops, like so many +huge candles. Not a soul was to be seen on the square +but themselves. The streets were deserted. Every one +had fled. The little nests of scattered effects burned on +every side of them, and the stench from smouldering +feathers and domestic animals who died by the score, was +intolerable. Neither man for some minutes spoke. Both +looked out into the night. One can guess what thoughts +entered their heads. The advancing fire interrupted their +reveries, and as they could not escape from the plain in +which they were imprisoned, they looked about them for +means of preservation from the intense heat, which became +greater at every moment. An old pine table was brought +up to the camping ground they had selected. A headstone +of marble that was lying at their feet, was placed at the +head of it, and a carpet was wrapped around them. In +this primitive wigwam the men resolved to pass the night. +The prospect before them was gloomy enough. Just before +getting into this cabin, an old woman came hobbling +up towards them, crying aloud for help. They invited her +to share their kennel. She accepted the invitation and the +three refugees watched the flames on every side of them +for two hours. There was silence for a while when the +sailor, who all through had exhibited such nerve and cool<!-- Page 108 --><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108"></a>ness, +now showed signs of trepidation and fear. He began +to talk of his home in England, of his wife and children, +and the strong man who could do so much for others, +fairly broke down and wept bitter tears. "Who will take +care of them now, sir," he broke out with a wail. "If I +die to-night, hunt them up and tell them how I died. It +is not for myself I feel, but for them, poor bodies. You +know my name and ship, sir, any of my mess-mates will +know what to do if you tell them what became of poor +Bob Angus." It would indeed move a sterner heart than +Mr. Munro's, to hear a man like this talk in a way like +that. The sailor who had breasted the billows of the ocean +so long that he had begun to look upon them as his playthings, +crouched that night in his little box in Queen +Square, weeping for the loved ones at home, far, far away. +Mrs. Donovan who sat beside the sailor tried to cheer him +up, but it was useless, and her words of comfort only +made him feel worse and writhe in greater agony.</p> + +<p>At last, for there is an end to all things, a bold sortie +was proposed, and each of the prisoners sought to force a +way out of their natural prison. Each took a direction, +and in the dead of that awful night they made their way. +The hydra-head of the monster ruin withered them at +every turn. Giant walls fell crumbling at their feet, and the +fire flashed and the flames flickered on the heaps of debris +which they encountered on the sideways of their journey. +Not a soul could be seen in the streets. They met no living +thing. The silence was as terrible to them as it is to the +lonely pilgrim of the forest, or the traveller in the distant<!-- Page 109 --><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109"></a> +arctic, who shrieks ever and anon lest he go mad from the +effect of that awful solitude. When the parties met at the +corner they separated and each groped his way homeward +through the desert of desolation. Mr. Munro's loss is +very heavy. In working for others he neglected his own +interests, and many of his personal effects have passed +away.</p> + +<p>On St. James Street, two buildings stood. One was a +very massive and very beautiful structure, of no precise +form of architecture, but very chaste and elegant for all +that. The other was an old wooden barn-like house that +had been decaying for years, and was only waiting to be +torn down by some passing high wind. These two buildings +were situate within a stones throw of each other, +and the one could have been saved just as well as the other. +A little nerve, a little will, and a few pails of water would +have done the work. The Marine Hospital was built in a +garden. It was a useful sort of affair in its day, but it had +long ago done all the good that was expected of it. Its +day was past, and it must soon have given way to a fine +brick structure, to be located on its site. When the fire +came tearing along, decimating the buildings in every +block, Mr. Barnes, the keeper, and a few of the inmates +stationed themselves in good positions, and began a vigorous +defence of the old place. A number of well directed +buckets of water, plied rapidly when the fire showed itself, +was all that these men did, and the old building was +saved. The fire was stubborn, for it tried a hundred times +to gain a foothold, but the men who defended the hospital<!-- Page 110 --><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110"></a> +were just as indomitable, and the defence was a great success. +The hospital now stands in all its grim shabbiness +and ugliness, though a barn near by, filled with goods of +all kinds, including a piano, of course, perished. People +from a distance, who came days afterwards to witness the +desolation, ask with amazement why this great house was +saved, and the noble charity almost opposite, was allowed +to burn. But it is hard to always fathom the short-sightedness +of man. All praise is due to Mr. Barnes and his +assistants, for saving even one public building, and it is a +pity his example could not have been followed opposite, +when the Wiggins Orphanage caught. Only one man +was left in charge, and it is not expected that he could do +everything in a time when all were at their wits' end and +full of excitement. This splendid charity was instituted +in 1867, and was founded by the late Stephen Wiggins. +It was opened July 1, 1876, and erected at a cost of $80,000. +Mr. Wiggins left this magnificent sum for a male +Orphan Asylum, under certain provisions. These were, +that each child to be admitted must be born in the City +and County of St. John, preference always to be shown +to fatherless children of mariners; the children must be +not under the age of four nor over ten years at the time of +admission, and not to be continued in the institution after +reaching the age of fifteen years. No teacher could be +employed who was a Unitarian, Universalist or Roman +Catholic, and no Governor could act in that capacity if he +were of that belief. The Governors consisted of nine +gentlemen. Those at the time of the incorporation were,<!-- Page 111 --><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111"></a> +the Rev. William Scovil, Charles Merritt, Frederick <a name="tn_png_z135"></a><!--TN: Period added after "A"-->A. +Wiggins, Hon. John W. Weldon, Beverley Robinson, J. D. +Lewin, Geo. C. Wiggins, Henry W. Frith, and the Rector of +St. James' Church. When the building burned, there +were twelve orphans in the Asylum, but they were safely +rescued and sent to Long Island. The present Board consists +of the following gentlemen: Chas. Merritt, Hon. J. +D. Lewin, Rev. Wm. Armstrong, Rev. W. Scovil, Hon. J. +W. Weldon, Geo. Sidney Smith, B. L. Peters, H. W. Frith +Rev. F. Brigstocke, with James U. Thomas, as Secretary. +At a meeting of the Governors, held on Monday, the 2nd +July, it was decided to rebuild the Institute very soon. +The reader will notice from the cut which is given of the +Orphanage, that it presented a very pretty front, and was +exceedingly well built.</p> + +<p>In Mecklenburg Street, all that fine block of buildings +on the north side, beginning with the residence of Mr. John +R. Armstrong, and followed by Mr. John W. Nicholson's +castle, the houses of the Messrs. Magee and others; +on the south side Mr. Vaughan's well-built house, and on +the corner the Stevenson property, mentioned just now, +burned very readily. Mr. John Magee's family escaped +with their lives only.</p> + +<a name="canterbury"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z185_canterbury_st.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="548"> +<p class="caption" style="margin-bottom:.1em;">CANTERBURY ST., SHOWING RICHIE'S BUILDING IN THE DISTANCE.</p> +<p class="caption2">Photo. by G. F. Simonson.</p> +</div> + +<p>The fire in Canterbury Street levelled a block of buildings +that were the boast of the city. They were built +with great care and especially designed for the great wholesale +trade which was done there. The street is a narrow +one and runs from King Street to Princess Street, and is +crossed by a small alley called Church. Of late years<!-- Page 112 --><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112"></a> +the street has grown from a comparative by-way or short +cut, to an extensive wholesale stand, where merchants of +large means and good business capacity have met their +clients and customers. The stocks kept in these spacious +warehouses have ever been large, and the appliances with +which the stores were supplied actually made business a +luxury. The centre building was erected and occupied by +the Hon. Thomas R. Jones, wholesale dry goods merchant. +His shirt factory was situate opposite, next door to the +Printing House of McKillop & Johnston, who used to print +<i>The Weekly Watchman</i>. The second pile was built by the +same merchant for Messrs. W. H. Thorne & Co., wholesale +hardware merchants, and the building on the south of +the present edifice, was erected by The North British and +Mercantile Insurance Company, Henry Jack, Esq., agent, +and leased to Messrs. Everitt & Butler, wholesale dry goods +merchants. Mr. Jack's office was in this building also. +The <i>Daily News'</i> office was between the latter and the +Savings Bank. It was erected some twenty years ago +by the present Queen's printer and former proprietor of +the <i>Daily News</i>—the first penny paper—George E. +Fenety, Esq. The present proprietors, Messrs. Willis & +Mott, purchased it last September. This year they made +several improvements on it, enlarged it in the rear and +improved the inside. They had begun work on the ground +flat when the fire changed the aspect of affairs. All that +was saved were three pages of type, and the late fyles of +the paper. These were carried as far as Reed's Point, and +were only considered safe when they reached water mark.<!-- Page 113 --><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113"></a> +The building was of brick. The offices were down stairs +and consisted of accountant's room, editor's office and reporters' +room.<a name="FNanchor_O_15" id="FNanchor_O_15"></a><a href="#Footnote_O_15" class="fnanchor">[O]</a> The Savings' Bank on the corner of Princess +and Canterbury Streets was a building of singularly +handsome proportions. It was built in the year 1859, by +the St. John County Provident Society, which up to this +time had an office in the old Commercial Bank building. +In 1872, the Dominion Government took it off their hands, +had it renovated thoroughly and changed, and commenced +operations in it in 1873, as a Dominion Savings' Bank. The +Assistant Receiver-General and Dominion Auditor had +offices in the bank. Matthew Stead was the architect. The +old Post Office in this street was leased a few months ago +to The Paper Company, who had it repaired and well furnished. +In the upper story <i>The Watchman</i> office was +located. Messrs. Bowes & Evans' large stove establishment, +and John Vassie & Co's wholesale dry goods house, entrance +on Canterbury Street, were greedily devoured. The +little street suffered severely, for it represented a very +large sum of money. Two well-known institutions were +also burned here, Conroy's hair-dressing establishment +and McGinley's barber-shop.</p> + +<a name="insidesavings"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:420px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z165_savings_bank.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="425" height="700"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption" style="margin-bottom:.1em;">INSIDE THE SAVINGS <a name="tn_png_z137"></a><!--TN: Period added after "BANK"-->BANK.</p> +<p class="caption2">Photo. by G. F. Simonson.</p> +</div> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_O_15" id="Footnote_O_15"></a><a href="#FNanchor_O_15"><span class="label">[O]</span></a> The first steam press in the Maritime Provinces was started in the +<i>Morning News</i> building, then situated directly on the south end of what is +now called Canterbury Street, but which was not then opened.</p></div> +</div> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 114 --><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_X" id="CHAPTER_X"></a>CHAPTER X.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">Incidents—An Old Corner Burned Down—The Lenders and Borrowers—"Twenty +per Cent."—The Shylocks of the Curbstone—The Human +Barometer—The Vultures of Commerce—Chubbs' Corner—The Old +Commercial Bank—The <i>Telegraph</i> Office—The Bank of New Brunswick—A +Hard Worked Cashier—The Post Office—Not a Mail Lost—Quick +Despatch—The Nethery House and the Orangemen—The Royal +Hotel—The Custom House—The Dead of the Conflagration.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">Beyond</span> all question the successful resistance to the flames +at the residence of James H. Moran, Esq., at Chipman's +Hill, prevented the spread of the fire to the northern portion +of the city. That house was attacked with great +fury from front and rear, but the extraordinary and well +applied labours of Mr. Joseph Dunlop, and his crew of +workmen from the shipyard, aided by the city firemen, +kept the flames at bay. The window sashes caught several +times, and the men finding neither timber nor axes, +boldly grasped the sashes with their naked hands, +and despite some severe burning to themselves, they +succeeded in tearing them away. This saved the building +and stopped the spread of the flames along Union +Street and beyond it. Mr. Moran was at his summer +residence in St. Martin's during the conflagration, but +on hearing of the calamity he hastened home, and made +the journey of 32 miles, it is said, in two hours and forty-five +minutes. While the fire was in Mill Street, a bright +little fellow of thirteen, named Johnny Law, performed an<!-- Page 115 --><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115"></a> +act of considerable heroism and thoughtfulness. His employer, +Mr. W. H. Gibbon, had gone to Grand Lake about +two days before the fire, and left his establishment in +charge of this boy, who had the forethought when he saw +the flames coming near the store to save the books and +papers. The flooring above his head fell while he was +getting out, but by crawling on his hands and knees, +he managed to effect his release from a captivity that +would soon have resulted in certain death. Besides this +he saved a number of articles from the house, and saw to +the successful removal of Mrs. Gibbon and her young +children.</p> + +<a name="princebefore"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:556px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z075_prince_william_st.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="561" height="700"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.</p> +</div> + + +<a name="princewilliam"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z185_prince_william_st.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="551"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption" style="margin-bottom:.1em;">PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.</p> +<p class="caption2">Photo. by G. F. Simonson.</p> +</div> + + +<p>There was great ruin in Prince William Street after the +fire. A good deal of the wealth of the city, and some of the +chief buildings of the place were situate here. The destruction +of the Imperial Building belonging to the Messrs. +Magee, and which was occupied by them and Messrs. Maclellan +& Co., the bankers, was but the work of a few +moments. A large quantity of valuable merchandise likewise +perished, and the newly commenced block of buildings +adjoining exhibited even a vaster extent of ruin than +it did on the night of the last great fire which raged in +this locality, and which cost the city seven lives.<a name="FNanchor_P_16" id="FNanchor_P_16"></a><a href="#Footnote_P_16" class="fnanchor">[P]</a> Mr. +Robert Marshall's insurance office, on the corner of the +Market Square, and indeed the whole of Prince William +Street, both sides clear to Reed's Point, were reduced to +ashes and debris. Jardine's grocery store, Messrs. Wis<!-- Page 116 --><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116"></a>dom +& Fish's belting and heavy goods establishment, +Benson's millinery store, Steeves, Bros., J. & J. Hegan & +Co's., Beard & Venning, The Devebers, James R. Cameron +& Co., W. H. Hayward & Co., George Philp's banking +house, and Chubb's book store on the one side, were as +completely wrecked as the row of stores on the eastern +part of the street which contained Barnes & Co's. book-store, +Peiler's piano warehouse, and Professor Devine's +music store, the splendid book and publishing establishment +of Messrs. J. & A. McMillan, which was first built +in 1831, and was afterwards burned in one of the great +fires which succeeded that year, and, about 1842, was rebuilt +in the shape in which the fire found it the other +day, the insurances offices of H. R. Ranney, Lawton's +drug store, Stevenson's shoe-shop, Valpey's, Sheraton & +Skinner's carpet warehouse, Simeon Jones & Co's., Eastern +Express, Francis', and Z. G. Gabel's corner store.</p> + +<p>Chubb's Corner—the home of the curb stone broker, +and the place where more gossip has been talked during +the last forty years than would furnish the stock-in-trade +of forty well-organized sewing circles—was an +early victim, for it went down with Furlong's palace +about the hour of six. The mention of Chubb's Corner +awakens a thousand memories. For many years it enjoyed +the distinction of being the great centre of commercial +speculation. Men came here to meet men who had +money to lend, and those who had none came to borrow +it. Stocks and merchandise changed hands on this spot +a dozen times a day, and the cautious bill-broker who<!-- Page 117 --><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117"></a> +never had any funds of his own to lend, came here to +scent the financial air. In this cheerful spot money was +subject to the fluctuations of the market with a vengeance. +The rate—aye, there's the rub—"if we can only +agree about <i>that</i>," said the note-shaver, "I think I may +take the paper. 'The man is a good man,'" he continued, +unconsciously quoting Shakespeare, "and I think I may +take his bond," and though nothing was said about the +pound of flesh in the event of the notes not being paid at +maturity, the modern Shylock meant it all the same, and +was as equally determined to get it, too, as the old gentleman +we see on the stage rubbing his hands together, and +making horrible faces at the audience and the Christian +merchant Antonio. The rate in this grim corner was not +measured by the consciences of the money-lenders, but by +the necessities of the applicant. One could tell in a much +less expensive way than by borrowing money of these gentry, +whether they were getting a good price for their coin +or not, by simply watching their faces during the operation. +The face of the note-shaver is a barometer. It requires +no regulating and it is always correct. There, +quick, watch it now. See how long the face is. No, he +has no money himself, but—Ah, that's it, now watch. +See, observe the countenance, listen to <a name="tn_png_z141"></a><!--TN: Extra space removed after "that"-->that chuckle? +Yes, what is he chuckling about? Oh, that's nothing, only +habit; now the face is hanging up again, and it is ready +for observation. The lender is telling the borrower how +difficult it is to get money, and how much Smith had to +pay for a thirty days' loan yesterday. This is of no inter<!-- Page 118 --><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118"></a>est +to Jones, who is hanging on the words of Mr. Shylock +as a lover drinks in the soft nothings of his mistress, but +it gives the lender opportunities to find out how "hard +up" his victim is. Now watch the face again. Still long +and bilious-looking. Twenty per cent. is not so high. +It's only five dollars off of a hundred, and look at the time +three months—and it falls due on Sunday, too. You'll get +a day's interest out of me for nothing, you rogue. The +face is positively joyous. The eyes snap and sparkle. +The countenance has become quite round and full, and +there are bright spots on the cheeks. The extra day +without interest did it, and the two go off arm in arm. +But after all they are not happy; one has paid too much, +and the other stands ready to kick himself for not having +asked more. O, Chubb's Corner, you have much to answer +for, and perhaps the fire did some good in staying this +kind of business for a time at least on your site. But the +old corner was not given over entirely to the vultures of +commerce. It was the place for many years where property, +stocks, debentures, bonds, and all such securities +were sold at Public Auction as well as by private sale. +The old Corner was a meeting place too, where men met +and talked over the times and their affairs. Men stopped +here on their way to the Post Office, the old Bank and the +Custom House, if it was not too late, to have a friendly +chat with an acquaintance. Office boys hurrying along +in the leisurely hurry that office boys always employ, +stopped at Chubb's Corner and looked into the windows +of the Exchange office, and wondered to themselves if the<!-- Page 119 --><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119"></a> +huge pile of money they saw lying about was good or +not, and whether it would pass. And so the days came +and the days passed away, and year in and year out, the +old Corner still stood the centre of a busy hive. If those +old walls could speak now, as daily, men tramp over their +fallen forms, what tales could they tell, what stories of +joy and sorrow might they not relate! Walls have ears +and they heard much, but they could not speak and what +they knew has perished with them.</p> + +<p>The building on the Corner was put up by Mr. Chubb, +shortly after he was burned out in 1839. The head of +the old firm was Henry Chubb, Esq., whose father landed +with the Loyalists. He succeeded in 1811 the business +which had formerly been carried on by Mrs. Mott, wife of +the King's Printer, for whom Mr. Chubb conducted the +work of the establishment on the death of her husband. +In 1842, Samuel Seeds was admitted partner in the firm +together with the eldest son of Mr. Chubb, Henry J. +Chubb. In 1846 the latter died and the surviving partners +continued the business until the spring of 1855, when +Mr. Chubb died leaving his share to Mr. Seeds and his +two sons, Thos. Chubb and George James Chubb. In +1863, Mr. Seeds retired and the brothers remained in +business until 1865, when G. J. Chubb bought out his +brother's interest, and the firm has continued under the +old style of H. Chubb & Co., ever since. An exchange +office was added to the stationery and printing business +during the American War.</p> + +<p>The old Commercial Bank building which was lately<!-- Page 120 --><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120"></a> +completely altered and renovated internally, was situate +on the south-east corner of Prince William and Princess +Streets. The corner stone was laid in 1839, and a grand +Masonic demonstration took place, Rev. Dr. B. G. Gray +officiating. Henry Gilbert Esq., was the President of the +Commercial Bank at the time. It was used latterly for +the civic offices, and the Water Commissioners had an +office on the ground flat. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i> newspaper +occupied the old wooden building adjoining, and +about which notice is given in the first chapter of this +history. Mr. Elder, the enterprising editor and proprietor +of the paper, is a heavy loser by the fire. Not only +did he lose his well-equipped printing office and appliances, +his splendid reference library and collection of historic +data, the gatherings of many years, but his bound fyles +also, and in fact everything he possessed vanished forever.</p> + +<p>The Bank of New Brunswick was for a long time +deemed safe. It is true that the merchants hurried in +with their books when the fire was still raging a quarter +of a mile away, but the old building which was burned +inside, exhibited after the fire, walls and pillars as strong +and vigorous as they were half a century ago. The vaults +preserved their contents, and millions of money were thus +plucked from the burning. The old bank was an edifice +in which the people took pride. It was a hale old veteran +that had passed through many a disaster. When +financial troubles darkened the days of the people, when +the dread cholera spread disease and death in house<!-- Page 121 --><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121"></a>holds, +when fires laid waste the best acres of our +territory, the old bank still stood erect, and withstood +the shock which threatened her on every side. It +succumbed this time, but only in a partial way, for its +pillars and a portion of its walls are as stalwart as of +yore. In May, 1821, a general meeting was held of the +stockholders of the banking company that had been organized +the year before. At this meeting some honoured +names were read, and the following gentlemen were present: +Henry Gilbert, Hon. John Robinson, Nehemiah +Merritt, Wm. Black, Ezekiel Barlow, Thos. Millidge, +Ward Chipman, jr., Zalmon Wheeler, Hugh Johnston, jr., +Robert W. Crookshank, Robert Parker, jr., Stephen Wiggins, +and Hugh Johnston, senr. On the seventh day of +May the directors were chosen, and the bank was ready +for business. The first President was the Hon. John +Robinson; and the other Directors for the year were +Wm. Black, Ezekiel Barlow, Lewis Bliss, Ward Chipman, +jr., Robert W. Crookshank, senr., Henry Gilbert, Hugh +Johnston, Nehemiah Merritt, Thos. Millidge, Robert Parker, +jr., Zalmon Wheeler, and Stephen Wiggins. Of these +but one lives to-day, Lewis Bliss, Esq., who, at last +accounts was in London, England. The Hon. J. D. Lewin +was made President in 1857, and Wm. Girvan, Esq., whose +great industry is proverbial, was chosen cashier, March +1st, 1862. Mr. Girvan, on taking charge of his office, at +once went methodically over the old books, and in two +years, by dint of untiring application, he had the full set +from 1820 in shape. The books are in such excellent<!-- Page 122 --><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122"></a> +condition, and so well arranged, that it is a pleasure to +refer to them.</p> + +<a name="ruins"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:420px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z257_bank_ruins.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="425" height="700"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption" style="margin-bottom:.1em;">RUINS OF BANK OF NEW BRUNSWICK.</p> +<p class="caption2">Photo. by G. F. Simonson.</p> +</div> + + +<p>The Bayard Building, containing Mr. G. Em. Allen's +office, the Attorney-General's office and others, with two +stores underneath, and the new Bank of Nova Scotia +building, which formerly belonged to Messrs. Andre D. +Cushing & Co., were soon destroyed, together with Barnes' +Hotel, which, only a few years ago, had an extension +added, and was fitted up with every modern improvement. +Stewart & White's large furniture warehouse and auction +rooms opposite, in Smith's building, with their heavy +stocks, were burned.</p> + +<a name="newpost"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:554px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z093_new_post_office.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="559" height="700"> +<p class="caption">NEW POST OFFICE.</p> +</div> + +<p>The destruction of the new Post Office, one of the most +beautiful buildings in the city at the time of the fire, was +one of the saddest spectacles of the day. It had only been +opened a year, and its handsome design and rich finish +had often been admired. The ornamental freestone work +on the front, and the rich red granite pillars, gave the +edifice a very fine appearance. The flames were twice +extinguished by Mr. Parker in the tower where they +made the attack first at six o'clock, at the place where +the clock was to have been put. At three in the +afternoon the mail matter was carefully put away in +bags, and every preparation made for a speedy departure. +The first load of mail bags was hauled to a place of safety, +to Reed's Point, and seventeen of them were carried by +hand to the fish-market wharf, where a boat was seized +and sixteen of the bags put in it. The doors of the Post +Office were closed to the public at five o'clock, and by<!-- Page 123 --><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123"></a> +half-past six the fire had made such an onslaught that +nothing could keep it away. Through the foresight of +Mr. J. V. Ellis, the Postmaster, not a mail was lost, or a +letter mislaid. The outgoing mails that night to the +north and east, were despatched as usual, and with excellent +executive skill, the Post Master was ready in a +temporary office in the Market building, to deliver letters +to applicants in less than twenty-four hours after the +fire. In twelve hours after that the delivery system was +in full working order, and in a few days merchants had +the pleasure of receiving their mails in boxes of their own +at the Post Office. The Registry Letter Office was ready +for work, under Mr. M. J. Potter's management in a little +while, and the opening of the Money Order Department's +Office was not long in following. The clerks and other +employes of the Post Office deserve the greatest credit +for their promptness under a most trying situation, and +their uniform kindness and courtesy were preserved to +the last. Mr. Flaglor delivered the first and last letters +at the Post Office, Prince William Street.</p> + +<p>The old Nethery house in Church Street, where Mr. +Geo. A. Knodell had his printing office, and Mr. H. L. +Spencer his medical warehouse, was once the great headquarters +of the Orangemen, and was built about the year +1823. It was in this building that in old times balls and +parties, and dinners in connection with the order were +given, and it was from here that on the famous twelfth +of July, when Duncan Wilmot was Mayor, the Orange<!-- Page 124 --><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124"></a>men +marched at the time of the memorable riot. Mr. +Knodell has begun rebuilding on this site.</p> + +<p>The Royal Hotel in Prince William Street, formerly +Stubbs' Hotel, and for many years a leading house in the +city, caught fire early in the afternoon from the sparks. +The inhabitants apprehended no danger and the sparks +were put out, but Mr. Waldron, Stage Manager of the +Theatre, came to the conclusion that as it had taken fire +once, it might soon again be stricken. He accordingly +warned the others and proceeded to get his things together +for a final exit. The Hotel did catch about an +hour and a half after this, and all on the ground save the +old tree to the left, were in ashes before night. Mr. +Thomas F. Raymond succeeded Mr. McIntosh in the +management of Stubbs' Hotel, and it was by him changed +to the name of "The Royal." A great many public dinners +and balls have been given in this house, and its spacious +dining room for many years was considered one of the +finest ball-rooms in the city. The last great ball given +here was in 1871, in March, by St. Andrew's Society, on +the occasion of the marriage of the Marquis of Lorne to +the Princess Louise.</p> + +<p>A large amount of property that had been stored away +for safe keeping in the Custom House, was burned when +that fine building went down. Hundreds of people believing +strongly in stone and brick, sought refuge for their +chattels here, and almost all available space was occupied +with goods of every description. The merest trifles were +saved after the building took fire, and an immense amount<!-- Page 125 --><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125"></a> +of material was consumed. Even Robert Shives' collection +of diaries that dated back many years was lost, as well as +a considerable number of his papers in connection with +the emigration office of which he was the agent. Mr. +Shives was suffering from illness during the fire and was +too weak to be about much. Several merchants who had +sent their account books to the Custom House for safety +lost them in the great destruction which followed. The +building was a good strong substantial structure built about +the year 1841, by the late John Walker, Esq., and designed +by him as a government warehouse.<a name="FNanchor_Q_17" id="FNanchor_Q_17"></a><a href="#Footnote_Q_17" class="fnanchor">[Q]</a> He did not succeed +however, in having it accepted as such by the government, +and it was purchased by Mr. McLeod, of St. John, and +Alexander Keith, Esq., of Halifax, and used as the Custom +House. The Government of Canada bought it from +George McLeod, Esq., M. P. some months ago. It was +roomy and well adapted for customs purposes. When the +Dominion Government took it off Mr. McLeod's hands +they refitted it up completely. The storm drum and +time ball and signal station were situate on the Custom +House.</p> + +<a name="customshouse"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z239_custom_house.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="426"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption" style="margin-bottom:.1em;">RUINS OF CUSTOM HOUSE FROM NORTH END AND EAST SIDE.</p> +<p class="caption2">Photo. by G. F. Simonson.</p> +</div> + +<p>The International Hotel was formerly a double residence +with the entrance on the second story. About twenty years +ago it was enlarged and converted into an hotel under the +management of Mr. A. B. Barnes, who called the house +after its owner—The Lawrence Hotel. Mr. Barnes left<!-- Page 126 --><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126"></a> +it some years ago and removed to his own premises +nearer King Street, and Mr. R. S. Hyke, after it was +modernized a little, assumed the management.</p> + +<p>The fire in Water Street proved to be very destructive. +Tisdale's corner, at the head of South wharf, and the +home of the hardware business in St. John for many +years; the grocery establishments of C. M. Bostwick +and Geo. Robertson; John Melick's office, the ferry +floats and waiting-room, as well as Adam Young's +large stove warehouse and the Messrs. McCarty's +place of business, were soon carried away. The good old +house of Robt. Robertson & Son, that for half a century +wielded great influence in the community, and whose +ships to-day ride many oceans, with its stock of sails and +rigging, lasted scarcely longer in the terrible heat than +an hour's space. Walker's wharf and the premises in +Ward street suffered greatly, and it was while trying to +save his property here, that Captain William M. B. Firth +lost his life. He was last seen in Prince William Street, +blinded by the smoke and scorched by the flames, trying +to make his way out. It is thought that finding all hope +of gaining an egress from the suffocating street, he sank +down in the roadside exhausted and weary, and death +came to him there. His body was found the next day, +but it was not until Saturday that he was fully recognised +and claimed. He leaves a sorrowing wife and five grief-stricken +children, who spent the terrible days of his absence +in the greatest agony. There were many rumours +about <a name="tn_png_z152"></a><!--TN: Period added after "Capt"-->Capt. Firth while he was missing. Some said that<!-- Page 127 --><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127"></a> +he was all right in Carleton, others averred that he had +gone away in a ship, while others again stoutly maintained +that they had seen him put out to sea in a boat and that he +would turn up all right. But when these tidings reached +his poor wife, she always turned with a sad smile of gratefulness +to those who brought her such news, in the hope +that it might cheer her up, and said that her heart told +her better. Her husband's place was by her side, and he +knew it as well as she. What would he be doing out in +a boat so long, when he did not even know whether his +wife and family were alive or not; no, she never believed +the rumours which came to her, thick and fast, as the +hours of those anxious days went by; and when the dread +news came at length, the widowed mother and her fatherless +children had known it in their hearts long before.</p> + +<p>Another terrible death was that of Mr. Samuel Corbitt, +a gentleman esteemed and respected for his many good +qualities, by all who knew him. He was a furniture +dealer, and his store was in Prince William Street. A +gentleman exchanged a few words with him while the +fire was in full career. Mr. Corbitt went into his own +building, to get some things and he never came back. The +greatest sympathy is felt in the community for Mrs. Corbitt +and family.</p> + +<p>An old resident of the city, Mr. Joseph Bell—a painter, +lived in Duke Street, where he kept his shop. On the +night of the fire he went in to remove a painting it is +said, but when he turned to come out he could not pass +the flames, and he too perished, and was buried in the<!-- Page 128 --><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128"></a> +ruins of his old home. A man named Johnson is still +missing, and it is probable he lost his life in the fire. Mrs. +Coughlan, Timothy O'Leary, Michael Donohoe, and Mrs. +Fitzgerald, are also supposed to have lost their lives in the +same sad way, and as many are still missing, the loss of +life, it is expected, will be quite large. The heavy buildings +came down with such rapidity after they became +hot, that it is feared that a good many people were buried +in the ruins, and the intense heat which followed would +render them never again recognisable, even if a portion of +the remains were found.</p> + +<p>An incident has come to hand which deserves more +than a passing notice. Young Johnny Murphy, a mere +child, who lived with his mother in Charlotte Street, +bravely jumped from the second-storey window of his +residence with his younger brother in his arms. The act +was that of a hero, and worthy the admiration and +applause of thousands. Such bravery and heroism should +indeed be rewarded. The little fellow wears his honors +meekly.</p> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_P_16" id="Footnote_P_16"></a><a href="#FNanchor_P_16"><span class="label">[P]</span></a> March 8th, 1877.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_Q_17" id="Footnote_Q_17"></a><a href="#FNanchor_Q_17"><span class="label">[Q]</span></a> It had a three story granite front on Prince William Street 250 feet +long, by 92 feet deep towards Water Street, which face was built of +brick four stories high. It cost Mr. Walker $120,000.</p></div> +</div> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 129 --><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XI" id="CHAPTER_XI"></a>CHAPTER XI.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The Old House on the Hill—A Wily Commissary—The Bags of Gold—What +was done at Midnight—The Dead of Night Deposit—The +Old Vault—A Timid Money-Lender—Mr. Peter Johnson—The Board +of Commissioners—The Old Gentleman's Little Joke—The Inspection—How +it was Discovered—The Fight with the Flames—"How much +will I Get?"—What he Got—The Oil Barrels—Dashing the Water +on the Kerosene—A Lively time on Reed's Point Wharf—The Bridge +of Fire—On the Ferry-Boat—The Western Union Telegraph Office—The +First Dispatch.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">The</span> fire in that portion of Princess Street, from Prince +William street to Charlotte Street, was a great leveller, +and destroyed a number of useful buildings as well as a +few very excellent ones. The Wiggin's building on Rocky +Hill, north side, which was erected about twenty years +ago found a fate which was common enough that day. +The destruction of Ritchie's building, though not expected +by some, followed soon after. It was admirably built, and +the large number of division walls which it had, rendered +it almost invincible against any element however strong. +Look at it to-day after the fire has done its worst, and +there is much of it standing that can be utilized again. +Its splendid supports are ready for duty, and though +the structure was on fire for seven hours and subjected to +great heat, the walls show that they could stand a good +deal of such endurance yet, and not crumble. The site +on which this edifice was erected, has in common with some +others which have been mentioned in the course of our<!-- Page 130 --><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130"></a> +story, a history of its own. A frame building many years +ago, before Rocky Hill was cut down, was built here by Dr. +Thomas Paddock, who afterwards disposed of it to Price, +the Commissary, who subsequently sold it to the Government. +The house was used as the Commissariat for a +number of years. About 1823 or 1824 a good deal of excitement +was created by the arrest of Mr. Price who was +charged with defalcation in his accounts. He was closely +guarded, and after a court of enquiry was held, he was +confined for a time and finally allowed to depart. The +story goes, and there are many who remember it perfectly, +that a wealthy gentleman knowing that Price lived too +fast, and had become involved, had offered to lend him the +bags of money which would make good his position when +the commissioners came to examine his accounts. It was +proposed that they be sent over and deposited in the +house, and after the examiners were satisfied and had left +the city, the bags of coin would be conveyed back again to +the owner. This was satisfactory, and Price thanked his +good friend. In those days commissioners did not move +as rapidly as they do now, and the board did not arrive +for a few days. In the meantime, the money was in Price's +possession, and he slept at night the peaceful sleep of the +innocent and just. But delays are ever dangerous, and +Mr. Price's friend was the timidest of the most timid men. +He had no sooner sent his bags of gold out, when he began +to ruminate. What if the commissioners decided to +take the money with them and deposit it somewhere else? +What if the thing leaked out and his friend Price got<!-- Page 131 --><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131"></a> +dismissed, and he lost his money? It worried him, and +though Price slept, the money-lender did not. He began +to grow more and more anxious. Every day he grew worse, +until at last just as the commissioners had arrived and Mr. +Price was getting ready to show them around in the morning, +and give them his papers to examine, and show them +the money, the friend acted on the thought which was +burning his heart out, and he sent for Peter Johnson. Now +Mr. Johnson, who figures in our narrative, for the first time +was a negro, and he it was, who, in the dead of night +when all was still, wheeled the mysterious bags of bullion +to and from the old vaults in the Commissariat. The +money-lender sent for Peter Johnson and told him that he +had altered his mind, and that the bags and their contents +must be home again that very night. Peter proceeded +at once, and stealthily approaching the vaults, +opened the heavy doors with his key, got out the money, +and wheeled it home again, and Mr. Commissary Price +slept on in babe-like innocence. And so did his friend. +And so did Mr. Peter Johnson. And so did the Board of +Commissioners. In the morning, Mr. Price rubbed his +hands and dressed himself with scrupulous propriety, that +he might meet his masters in a becoming manner. And +the Board of Commissioners got ready too, and they drove +round to Mr. Price's in a body, and before entering on +their duties there was much merriment among them, and +one facetious old gentleman who was always joking and +saying good things, you know, remarked to the others in +his delicious way, that almost every man had a price, but<!-- Page 132 --><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132"></a> +none had a Price like their's, and then he chuckled and +slapped Price on the back, and Price chuckled, and the +Board chuckled, and I have no doubt whatever but that +Mr. Peter Johnson and his master would have chuckled +too had they heard it. And then the party went down to +the office and began to overhaul things, and everything +was all right, and the books were found correct. And then +a stupid old member of the Board asked to have the money +brought in to be counted, just to comply with the regulation, +not that they doubted friend Price. <a name="tn_png_z158"></a><!--TN: Double quote added before "O"-->"O, no, but +an absurd form demanded it," &c., &c. And Mr. Price was +affable and kindly, and said, "O yes, gentlemen, I shall be +quite happy to show you the funds which are all safe in +the vault, I assure you. Saw them myself no later than +the other day," <a name="tn_png_z158a"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "&c."-->&c., &c. And everyone said that was all +right, and the iron doors were unlocked and swung back! +But where was the money? Mr. Price was as pale as death, +and turned to the astonished commission, when he said, +"Come, gentlemen, now a joke is a joke, what have you +done with the money?" But Mr. Price discovered before +long that the world was not quite a smile, and he was +marched off to prison, and the facetious old gentleman said +to the gentleman who only wanted the money produced +to gratify an absurd whim of the Government, "Who +would have believed it?" And so the Inspectors walked +out, behind Mr. Price, who was placed in durance vile +and suffered as we have seen.</p> + +<p>In 1843 Mr. Oliver Goldsmith, a descendant of the family +of the poet, and a gentleman who wrote poetry too, occa<!-- Page 133 --><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133"></a>sionally, +and whose "Rising Village," a companion piece +to "The Deserted Village," was not without some slight +merit, called on Judge Ritchie and told him that he had +received orders from the Government asking for tenders +for the old building on Rocky Hill, and he suggested that +he had better tender for it. The judge did so, and to his +great astonishment, his was the only tender sent, and he +got the whole of the property, including the house and a +stone barn which were on it, for £500 sterling, three +months after his tender was accepted. He immediately +rented it to Dr. Simon Fitch, who was beginning practice +and who occupied it for a number of years. It was idle +for a while after Dr. Fitch left it, and then Judge Ritchie +had it altered and modernized, and he and Mr. L. J. Almon +lived in it. It was still located high up on the rock. The +judge, whose taste for architecture is well known, often +planned the style of building he would like to put up. +In the evenings after reading a while it was no uncommon +thing for him to draw near to a table, and with pencil and +paper plan buildings of infinite variety. It was good employment +for the mind, and less expensive than actual +building, and the paper houses could be altered and improved +and altered again at very little cost. One day the +judge planned in earnest, and his ideas took practical +shape. He pulled down the high house, excavated the +rock and proceeded to build. In 1853 he began work +and by the month of February, 1854, his building was +pretty well up. He had expended some five thousand +pounds on it, and was about leaving for Fredericton when<!-- Page 134 --><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134"></a> +Mr. L. J. Almon came in and remarked to him that after +he was in Fredericton a week or so he would feel rather +foolish to get word that his building was burned down, and +that there was no insurance on it. This troubled the judge, +and he began to feel quite uncomfortable. He told <a name="tn_png_z160"></a><!--TN: Period added after "Mr"-->Mr. +Almon to lose no time but go at once and effect insurance. +Mr. Almon put £5,000 on the unfinished edifice. The judge +went to the capital, sat in the Assembly, and in a few +days received intelligence that his building had been +burned to the ground. He returned to St. John at once +and began to rebuild. This time he proceeded with great +care, and the chaste and handsome building destroyed the +other day was the result. The first occupants of the offices +were W. H. Tuck, Duff & Almon, Chas. Watters, Geo. Blatch, +Wetmore & Peters, E. B. Peters, St. John Insurance Co., +the Electric Telegraph Co., D. S. Kerr, Chamber of Commerce, +Thos. T. Hanford, the Masonic body and some +others. The stores below were not rented for some time +after the building was ready.</p> + +<p>The Society of Free and Accepted Masons, after leaving +the Old St. John Hotel, met for some years in the upper +story of the residence of the late Mr. Marshall, father of +Mr. John R. Marshall, Chief of Police. This house was +on the corner of Princess and Sydney Streets. When +Judge Ritchie's building was finished, the Masons rented +about half of the top story, and had it finished and furnished +for masonic purposes. They have occupied these +apartments ever since. Up to January, 1868, the various +lodges in the city held their warrants from either of the<!-- Page 135 --><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135"></a> +Grand Lodges of England, Scotland, or Ireland. In the +Province there were twenty-six lodges, viz: twenty +English, three Irish, and three Scotch. When Confederation +came to pass, it was deemed imperative by the leading +masons of the Province to separate from their respective +parent Grand Lodges in the mother country, and +form a new Grand Lodge of their own for New Brunswick. +This conclusion was reached only after mature reflection, +and when it was found that the great political changes +which had taken place in the country rendered it necessary. +Three Grand Lodges were already represented in +the Province. The Grand Lodge of Nova Scotia was working, +and the Grand Lodge of Canada would be formed soon. +Unless the craft established a Grand Lodge in and for the +Province of New Brunswick, the exercise of masonic jurisdiction +by so many governing authorities would only +tend to hopeless confusion and detriment to the Order. +It was a thing which could not be helped. Either an +Independent Grand Lodge of New Brunswick must be +formed, or a general Grand Lodge of Canada would be +created, which would have entire jurisdiction all over +Canada. At a preliminary convention of masters, past-masters +and wardens, the subject was fully ventilated, and +the motion to form a Grand Lodge of New Brunswick was +carried by a large majority. The office of Grand Master +of the new Grand Lodge, was first offered to R. T. Clinch, +<a name="tn_png_z161"></a><!--TN: "Esq,," changed to "Esq.,"-->Esq., who was then District Grand Master, under the +Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of England, but he declined +the honour on account of the position which he<!-- Page 136 --><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136"></a> +held. Benjamin Lester Peters, Esq., was then elected +Grand Master by acclamation; William Wedderburn, Esq., +Deputy Grand Master; Hon. W. P. Flewelling, Senior +Grand Warden; David Brown, Junior Grand Warden; +Rev. W. Donald, D.D., Grand Chaplain, and Wm. H. A. +Keans, Esq., Grand Treasurer; Mr. W. F. Bunting was +made Grand Secretary at the meeting in January, 1868, +and the following officers were appointed: John Richards, +Senior Grand Deacon; Benjamin R. Stevenson, Junior +Grand Deacon; John V. Ellis, Grand Director of Ceremonies; +Robert Marshall, Assistant ditto; Jas. McDougall, +Grand Sword Bearer; John Mullin, Grand Standard +Bearer; Henry Card, Grand Organist; James Mullin, +Grand Pursuivant; Edward Willis, S. S. Littlehale, Robt. +R. Call, Hugh A. Mackenzie, Thos. F. Gillespie, John +Wallace, Grand Stewards, and John Boyer, Grand Tyler. +Grand Lodge was instituted in January, in the year of +masonry, 5868. The craft has made great progress, and +preparations before the fire were on foot for the erection +of a fine new hall in Germain Street. The greater portion +of the stock was subscribed, and operations were to +be begun at an early day. The brethren lost heavily by +the recent fire. All the warrants were destroyed, but +these can be replaced. The private lodges met in several +instances with irreparable losses, and the full set of jewels, +which Bro. Oliver Goldsmith several years ago presented +to Albion Lodge, No. 1, was not the least of these.</p> + +<p>In the summer of 1863, the St. John Gymnasium (joint +stock) Company began building the Gymnasium, which<!-- Page 137 --><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137"></a> +was located opposite St. John's Presbyterian Church, +King Street East. Its dimensions were 40 x 100, three +stories front, and the Gymnasium proper was 40 x 80. +The cost was a little over $5,000. The building was +heated by steam, well lighted with gas, and neatly and +tastily arranged, containing bath-rooms, parlours, drawing-rooms, +&c. The first president was John W. Cudlip, Esq. +Mr. J. S. Knowles was secretary, and Fred. A. Jones, the +lessee and manager. Mr. M. W. Maher was the builder. +A few years ago, the building was sold to Carson Flood, +<a name="tn_png_z165"></a><!--TN: "Esq,," changed to "Esq.,"-->Esq., dealer in piano-fortes, and was by him converted into +a commodious hall, suitable for dancing parties, tea-meetings, +&c. The Gymnasium caught from the rear of the +water-works, and was soon a heap of ashes. The <i>Globe</i> +office in the Globe Building, Prince William Street, was +burning about the same time as the Bank of New +Brunswick, and the proprietors did not save even their +fyles.</p> + +<p>The fight with the flames on Reed's Point Wharf, which +lasted from three o'clock in the afternoon until late the +next morning, was one of the most dreadful encounters +of the day. A prominent medical man of the city, who +lost the house which he had considered fireproof, was +hurrying away, when he found his services no longer +needful, to a place of safety. All means of exit from the +fire were cut off, except one—the route towards Reed's +Point. He hastened in that direction, for he saw in a +moment that soon that avenue would be closed against +him. He fled down Germain Street to St. James's Street,<!-- Page 138 --><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138"></a> +thence along the latter till he reached the wharf. There +he saw an immense crowd of refugees from the district +round about, numbering fully fifteen hundred persons. +The men were very disorderly, and the liquor they had +taken was showing its effect. There was fighting, and +quarrelling and swearing. The roughest element of the +city was here. A long row of barrels containing kerosene +oil or petroleum lay upon the wharf, and the sparks from +burning buildings near by came whirling along in dangerous +proximity to the barrels. The danger was growing +more and more near. Should these barrels ignite and explode, +a hundred lives at least must perish. No time +must be lost. Water must be carried up to the barrels +and the fire kept off. An attempt was made to roll some +of them over the wharf into the harbour, but they were +too heavy, and the fire was leaping in great strides towards +them. The doctor shouted himself hoarse trying to +induce the crowd to help him, but he was answered with +either a be-sotted stare or a vulgar oath. He kept on running +to the water, filling his pail, and dashing it on the +barrels till his arms ached. Once he got a response from +some rough men on the wharf, and a bargain was made +with three of them. He offered them all the money he +had—three dollars,—if they would come and help keep +the fire away from the deadly oil. But the assistance +was of short duration, and after working for about twenty +minutes the fellows gave up, and would work no more. +Still, nothing daunted, the doctor toiled on. He had all +the women put on board the International Line steamer,<!-- Page 139 --><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139"></a> +through the kindness of Captain Chisholm, who was +busily employed on the other end of the wharf in beating +back the flames which were massing there, and then with +a will he continued his self-imposed labour. None but +he seemed to realize their danger. Maddened by drink +and worry, and perhaps driven to desperation by the +havoc the fire was making, they did not appear to take in +the deadly peril in which every one on that wharf stood. +The crowd stood about idling away, smoking, drinking, +talking, jeering, and quarrelling. A lithe young fellow of +twenty sat dangling his legs over the wharf and smoking +a cigar, when the doctor called on him to come down and +give him a hand. He returned a careless reply, and in a +sneering tone asked how much he would get if he gave +his help. The doctor grew maddened at this, and turning +on him in a moment, cried out, "I am an old man; I have +lost all that I was worth, and have nothing left. I have +been watching you for an hour, doing nothing while I +was working; and as you won't come for asking, I'll +make you come down here and carry water if I have to +drag you to the very water's edge." So, saying he pulled +the young man down, grasped him by the neck, ran him +to the water, and giving him a pail set him to work filling +it while he carried it to the barrels himself. The lesson +was a salutary one, and the unwilling assistant will probably +never forget it. He had some manhood left in him +after all though, for he worked well and hard, and after a +time he apologized to the doctor and said he was sorry +for having spoken as he did. It was some hours after<!-- Page 140 --><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140"></a> +this episode, that the doctor hailed a passing tug-boat, and +the captain learning what was wanted, ran his little +steamer alongside the wharf and got ready his hose. In +a few minutes the wharf was deluged with water and the +great danger was averted. It was this hose and the well +directed efforts of the doctor which saved the wharf and +the lives of many people. It is a matter of regret that +the name of the captain of the tug could not be got as +he deserves well of the country, and should make himself +known that he may receive something more tangible +than thanks. Hemmed in by the streets of flame to the +right and left of them and directly in their front, from +fifteen hundred to two thousand persons were imprisoned +on the wharf from three o'clock in the afternoon till four +the next morning, when the fire had gone down, and one of +<a name="tn_png_z170"></a><!--TN: "the" added before "loveliest"-->the loveliest mornings of the year dawned on the stricken +city.</p> + +<p>One of the prettiest sights was to be seen from the head +of King Street, looking down in the direction of the market +slip. When the schooners therein had caught, the +flames mounted the masts and communicating with one +another formed a complete bridge of fire from the north +wharf to the south. It was like a gala-day celebration of +fire-works on a large scale.</p> + + +<blockquote><h3>LIST OF VESSELS TOTALLY BURNED.</h3> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.75em;">SCHOONERS.</h4> + +<div class="center"> + + +<table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Burned Schooners"> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%" valign="top"><span style="font-size:.9em;">1.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%" valign="top"><span class="listing">Schooner "Angie Russell"; 25 tons; Boylan; Canning, N.S., +<!-- Page 141 --><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141"></a>was discharging cargo of fish; owned by Captain.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">2.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "Brill"; 74 tons; <a name="tn_png_171"></a><!--TN: Period added after "St"-->St. John, N.B., had discharged +part of cargo and was going to Fredericton with balance; +owned by McSherry's Insolvent Estate.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">3.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "Brilliant"; 18 tons; Patch; Campobello; light cargo.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">4.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "Bear River"; 37 tons; Winchester; Bear River, +N.S., outward bound with cargo; owned by Captain.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">5.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "Ella P."; 23 tons; Thurber; Barrington, N.S., +fish.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">6.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "Eliza Jane"; 27 tons; Bent; Bayshore, N.S.; +salt.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">7.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "L. L. Wadsworth"; 12 tons; Brown; Westport, +N.S.; owned by Captain; fish.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">8.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "Lily"; 8 tons; Israel; Weymouth, N.S.; outward +bound; owned by Captain.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">9.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "Martha Rowan"; 25 tons; Peters; Westport, N.S.; +fish.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">10.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "Parrot"; 27 tons; Hutton; St. George, N.B.; +owned by Captain.</span></td> +</tr> +<tr valign="top"> +<td align="right" width="5%"><span style="font-size:.9em;">11.</span></td> +<td align="left" width="95%"><span class="listing">Schooner "Star"; 13 tons; Benson; Westport; fish.</span></td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.75em;">WOOD-BOATS.</h4> + +<p style="font-size:.9em;">"Burnett," 46 tons, Captain Reed; "Linda," 26 tons; "President," +46 tons, Captain Orchard; and "Messenger," 33 tons.</p> + +<p style="font-size:.9em;">Four lime scows laden with lime, two owned by Mr. Raynes, of +Fairville; two owned by Mr. Joseph Armstrong, of Greenhead.</p> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.75em;">CASUALTIES.</h4> + +<p style="font-size:.9em;">Schooner "Justice," Westport, hauled out of slip badly burned.</p> + +<p style="font-size:.9em;">Schooner "George Calhoun," lying in Walker's slip, mainmast +burned, hauled out without further damage.</p> + +</blockquote> + +<p>On board the ferry-boat between three and four o'clock +in the afternoon, the appearance of the city burning in +four places at once, was a grand as well as an awful sight. +The passengers gathered together and wore very anxious<!-- Page 142 --><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142"></a> +looks, when it seemed for a time to be the intention of the +captain not to land. The houses and stores of many who +were on board were in danger, and all wanted to be at the +fire. From the water it appeared to be levelling houses +to the ground at the rate of one a minute, and the frightful +ratio seemed never to slacken its speed. The ships +lying near the wharves moved out into the harbour, and +some sailed far down the bay. The path of the ferry-boat +was crossed more than once by vessels which had +succeeded in getting away in safety, and collisions now +and then were threatened; but fortunately none occurred. +At length, to the relief of all on board, the boat succeeded +in getting safely to her landing-place, and a grand rush +was made up the floats for the head of Princess Street.</p> + +<p>Perhaps one of the best and first specimens of enterprise +which occurred on the night of the fire was that +which was displayed by the chief officers of the Western +Union Telegraph Company. The office was burned down, +and only the books and some of the instruments were +saved. The Fairville wire would not work, and no means +of sending abroad intelligence of the ruin of the doomed +city remained. It was fully eleven o'clock when R. T. +Clinch, Esq., the superintendent of the company, Mr. Thos. +Robinson, the manager, Mr. Dawson, Mr. Black and other +gentlemen connected with the company, met the writer +of these pages on Germain Street. The fire was still +raging, though not at all fiercely in the lower part of the +city. The party went down to the railway station, and<!-- Page 143 --><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143"></a> +we give an illustration of the building so that the reader +may see the temporary Western Union Telegraph Office +during the first few days of the fire, and after a little +while a wire was put in working order. The first and +only dispatch which left the city that night, and which +on Thursday morning was read all over Canada, and in +the United States, was sent forward, and each page was +telegraphed as rapidly as it was written. In the morning +the office was ready to receive and deliver messages, and +those who stood by the counter, and every day watched +the enormous crowd of people all anxious to be served +first, can realize how hard the operators had to work in +order to meet the requirements of the citizens. At one +time there were between five and six hundred messages +on the operator's table, and the sender might consider +himself fortunate if his telegram got off three hours after +it was written. Some miscreants in some instances cut +the wires a few days after the fire, and the company had +to send out twenty-five or thirty patrol men to look after +them. Mr. Clinch lost no time in getting suitable quarters +for the patrons of the company, and in a week he +had a comfortable office, working finely, in the Market +House. He began work at once on the new building +which the company intend putting up, and in six months +the new telegraph office will be ready for occupancy on +its old site at the foot of King <a name="tn_png_z173"></a><!--TN: Period added after "Street"-->Street.</p> + +<a name="temporary"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z293_temp.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="560"> +<p class="caption">THE TEMPORARY W. U. TEL. OFFICE.</p> +</div> + + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 144 --><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XII" id="CHAPTER_XII"></a>CHAPTER XII.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">A Thrilling Incident—The Burning House—The Tall Figure in the Hall—Escape +cut off—The only Way Out—The Street of Fire—Walking +on Coals—The Open Boat—The way to the Wharf—Terrible Suffering—The +Awful Death in the Street—Worn Out—The Escape—Saved—The +Firemen—How they Fought the Flames.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">In</span> olden times men who had performed deeds of bravery +on the battle-field were canonized as saints, and those who +had shown daring in other ways were revered as gods. +There is a fascination about the stories which come down +to us through the long centuries of time, and from the +middle ages, and we are accustomed, almost from the cradle, +to revere the names of the great ones who have filled the +world with the splendour of their exploits in the defence +of cities and the protection of fair ladies. In the nursery +we learn to lisp the names of stalwart knights and doughty +warriors, and the great deeds which they performed, ages +and ages ago, live again in the memory of all mankind. +And it is well that it should be so. It is well that the +splendid actions of the world's great men should be remembered +for all time. Who is there who does not feel +the blood mantling his cheek when he thinks of a Clive +and of a Marlborough? Who can think of a Napier and +a Wellington, and not experience for a time a thousand +emotions coursing and careering madly through his breast? +And Robert Bruce on his little palfrey giving battle to the +last of one of England's proudest and sternest knights, in<!-- Page 145 --><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145"></a> +full view of Stirling Castle, the day before the great +battle was fought, is a story which every Scottish lad is +taught before he is old enough to read. And the lives of +such men as Bonaparte, Turenne, Wolfe, the Great Frederic, +Von Moltke, and a hundred others, are undying records +in the histories of nations, the memory of whose +deeds shall last when time shall be no more.</p> + +<p>In a young country like ours, whose territory has not +often felt the hostile tread of invading armies, and whose +broad acres are almost wholly unstained with the blood +of battles, the heroes we have developed have earned +their reputation in another and nobler way. Halifax has +had her England, whose name will be remembered as long +as ships sail the seas; and in St. John, we have long +learned to bless the name of a hero in humble life, honest +Tom Sloven. And now from the ashes of the fire two +names arise, which in after years, when their owners shall +have passed away, will live in the hearts of the people, +and leave there an imperishable record. We applaud success, +and oftentimes let honest effort and endeavour go +unrewarded. We worship the rising sun, and when a +man works hard to achieve a certain success and fails, +we are apt to pass him by. And though the object, in the +instance which we are about to relate, was not successful +in the end, let us never forget the deed which was attempted +at the imminent risk of the lives of the chief +actors. When the story of the fire is told at firesides in +the years to come, generations now unborn will listen +with blanched cheeks and curdling blood, to the great<!-- Page 146 --><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146"></a> +incident in the conflagration, when a woman perished by +the roadside, and two men escaped a dreadful death.</p> + +<p>Mr. John E. Turnbull's sash factory, in Main Street, +despite all exertions, caught so quickly that the workmen +narrowly escaped from the ruins with their lives. Mr. +Turnbull crossed the street to his residence, which, like +many others on that eventful day, he considered impregnable. +He had worked long at the factory, and had +stored in his house a large quantity of belting and tools +of his workshop. He had carefully gathered up everything +of an inflammable character, and had swept the +yard clean, so that nothing could ignite and spread +around the fire, that but too readily devoured everything +in its way. A vigorous defence was inaugurated to save +the house. Mr. Turnbull had good assistants. His sons +were there, working like beavers, and Mr. Walker Frink +in his department, stayed the flames for a long time. The +neighbours, believing like Mr. Turnbull, that nothing +could harm this house, had piled large quantities of furniture +against its front, these were lying before the windows +of the cellar, and after a while took fire. Mrs. Turnbull +fearing that the house might after all be burned, and +at the request of her husband, made her escape by the +back window, and had to be lifted over the fence. It was +well that she did go, for in a few moments the house was +threatened from a dozen quarters. The fence in the rear +was crackling, and Mr. Turnbull went down into the cellar +and began to shove off the blazing furniture from the +windows. He worked away at this for some time, never<!-- Page 147 --><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147"></a> +dreaming that the fire was so near him, or that escape +would soon be cut off. He had lost his hearing some +years before, and did not hear the roar of the fire nor feel +its approach. His son James was up-stairs battling with +the fire, and Mr. Frink was on the roof. James Turnbull, +realizing in an instant the condition of his father and +his infirmity, and knowing well the determined character +of his nature, was about to rush into the cellar +and tell him how near the fire was, when he turned and +beheld a dark shadow in the doorway. It was coming +towards him, and for a moment struck terror into his +soul. The tall figure of a woman, deeply robed in black, +holding up a long train in her hand, and with head-dress +all aflame, stood before him in the hall. He advanced +towards her, as soon as he could recover himself, and at +once tore off the burning head-dress and stamped it with +his foot. He then brushed the kindling sparks from her +dress. She seemed demented and unable to understand +the nature of these proceedings. Indeed she remonstrated +with him, and begged him not to destroy her bonnet. <i>The +fire had crazed her brain</i>, and after escaping from her house +she had wandered into Mr. Turnbull's blazing residence, +unheedful of the terrible burns she had received, and notwithstanding +that she was on fire herself in several places. +James, realizing the state of affairs at once, coaxed her to +go with him to the cellar to see his father, but she hung +back and implored him to leave her there. He was forced +to drag her unwillingly along, and together they both arrived +at the place where the father was still labouring to<!-- Page 148 --><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148"></a> +extinguish the fire that was coming from all sides. He +knew nothing of the great headway that had been made +upstairs, and had not even begun to realize the danger of +his situation below. As soon as he saw the lady he told +his son to go and fetch a mat and throw it over her, and +he would be with them in a few minutes. This was done, +but as often as this mat was wrapped around her, it was +thrown off again. Some moments passed, and Mr. Turnbull +finding that he could do no more, resolved to leave +the house. He and his son and the lady went upstairs +where a sight that would have appalled a heart of stone +met his eyes. All hope of escape through the alley in the +rear was cut off. The house was on fire in the back. The +flames were melting the roof in a dozen places. On either +side the blaze was at its height, and not a moment was to +be lost. Escape lay in one direction only, and that was +hazardous in the extreme. <i>They must face the fire and +escape by the front door</i>, or perish where they stood. The +position they were in was trying, but fortunately for +them their nerves were strong, and they were cool and +collected. And now they began preparing for the struggle. +The warrior formerly buckled on his armour of steel before +venturing on the fray, but the armour of the fire-fighters +consisted of old coats and wet clothes. A coat +was fastened around the lady, who was still unknown to +Mr. Turnbull, and her head was covered. His son James +enveloped in the same way, stood by her side. Mr. Turnbull +tied a wet handkerchief across his mouth, and after +putting a coat over his head, they began the memorable<!-- Page 149 --><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149"></a> +race for life. James seized the lady, lifted her on his +shoulders and followed his father out of the door. She +was heavy, very tall, and had passed in age the allotted +three score and ten. In addition to this, she was unwilling +to leave the house, and twice she had to be dragged away +by main force from the sofa. In no instance did she seem +to comprehend what was being done or how great her +peril was. She was more concerned about her parasol and +head-dress than she appeared to be about her own personal +safety. James seemed endowed with superior strength, +and he seized his burden with a sort of death grip from +which despite her struggles, she could not escape. She +afterwards became calmer, and while she made no attempt +to get off his back, he had her full dead weight to carry. +The three stepped into the street and walked into the +furnace. The heat was intense, and holding down their +heads they hurried along. They ran over blazing coals, +and hands and feet burned to the very bone. They had +not proceeded twenty-five yards from the house, which +was situate near the corner of Main and Sydney Streets +when they came upon a boat, thirty feet long, which was +lying directly across their path on its side. They could +not pass by the inside and had to go around by the bow. +They were hastening along to Charlotte Street, and intended +going down that street to the Ballast Wharf, +and when the worst came the intention was to leap into +the sea. But the lady grew very violent just as the boat +was passed a few feet, and refused to go any further. She +straightened herself up, and slipping from James's<!-- Page 150 --><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150"></a> +shoulders, fell prone upon the ground. In vain she was +reasoned with, in vain she was asked to make an effort, +in vain she was appealed to, she would not move, but lay +on her back helplessly, saying, "O leave me alone, leave +me here, I'm very, very comfortable." The great fire, +like a whirlwind, brushed against the exposed flesh of the +three human beings, and wore it to the bone. It was like +some invisible fiend. Before them they saw no flames, +but a dead white heat that was all the more terrible because +it could not be seen. Every time the covering was +removed from their heads as they sought to look out and +see where they were going, this intense, imperceptible +heat burned their very eyeballs. The trees alongside +were grasped by this unseen power, and their trunks were +twisted and turned in its cobra-like embrace. Every +thing in the road seemed charged with an element that +appeared to draw the flames on. Though Main Street is +one hundred and five feet wide, and the fire was for the +most part confined to the houses on the side of the road, +a cat could not run the gauntlet that night, and live. No +one can realize the awful power of the heat, which the +Messrs. Turnbull and the lady they were striving to save +experienced on that thrilling march through the melting +valley, without having passed through a similar experience. +It was a trial that can never be blotted from their +memories.</p> + +<p>So much time was lost in trying to induce their charge +to continue on with them, that their chance of escape by +Charlotte Street was cut off, and the only hope that re<!-- Page 151 --><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151"></a>mained +now, was to return by the terrible route they had +come. The battle had to be fought over again. The race +back had to be run once more. The boat must be crossed +again, they must go nearly two blocks forward, or die in +their tracks. The street was full of smoke now, and +flying embers alighted on their shoulders and burned +their clothes, and the wild heat and the scorching flames +were madly tearing through to their faces. Their charge +remained as helpless as before, and there was something +pitiable in her beseeching cries, that almost tempted them +to accede to her request and leave her there in the street. +But not a moment must now be lost, the fire-king was +trampling down all before him. The two men seized her. +She struggled and would not move. They dragged her +to the boat, and she fell from their now powerless arms. +Weakened by the fire, and sick at heart at their ill success, +they could do no more, and could scarcely resist +themselves the desire to stay there by the upturned boat, +and yield their lives back to Him who gave them. The +old lady fell back, and died with a smile upon her lips. +The men, too weak to carry her further, placed her close +by the boat, and shouted loudly for help. But the streets +were bare of people, and no sound could be heard but +their own voices rising above the crackling of the flames. +They ran over the lava-like street, stopping every now +and then to catch breath. On, on they sped, the youthful +spirit of the one being roused when it lagged, by the +inspiring words of the wiry and vigorous elder. It was a +terrible journey, fraught by direful dangers on every <a name="tn_png_z181"></a><!--TN: Period added after "side"-->side.<!-- Page 152 --><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152"></a> +Each foot of the way was gained by a struggle, every +yard was won by a battle. It was not until Carmarthen +Street was reached, that father and son could realize that +they were saved. They removed the covering from their +heads, and looked back at the road they had passed. A +moment more in that fire would have been their last. A +figure was coming towards them, as they, arm in arm, +almost reeled up Carmarthen Street, and it proved to be +the brother of the woman Mr. Turnbull and his boy had +tried to rescue. He was told that his sister was left by +the boat dead, and that no earthly power could have +saved her. One can imagine his agony when he learned +these tidings. The old lady proved to be Mrs. Reed, +mother of Mr. T. M. Reed, a former mayor of the city. At +three o'clock the next morning, Mr. Turnbull went back +to Main Street, and on coming up to the unburned portion +of the boat, found close by it, the remains of Mrs. +Reed. Mrs. Reed lost in the fire two sisters—the Misses +Clark, one of whom, it is thought, was burned in her house, +on the corner of Sydney and Main Streets. These three +ladies were highly respected and loved by all who knew +them, and their afflicted relatives meet with the sympathy +of all.</p> + +<p>Mr. Turnbull's loss is very heavy and foots up fully +twenty-five thousand dollars. He lost absolutely everything +he possessed, and the deeds and bank-notes which +he had in his safe were all burned. He does not despair +now of being able to retrieve himself in some way. He<!-- Page 153 --><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153"></a> +was the first man to erect a wooden shanty and send a flag +flying from its summit.</p> + +<p>A large number of persons escaped from the resistless +and giant-striding flames by means of rafts and small +boats. Others got a friendly sail to Partridge Island in +the tugs and steamers which approached the wharves +whenever it was safe to do so. Many of those who were +on Reed's Point Wharf and the Ballast Wharf got away +in this manner.</p> + +<p>The contingent of firemen from Portland worked with +a will, and did much to check the flames—as much, indeed, +as mortal man could do in a fire like this, with a +high wind blowing a perfect gale all the time. The city +firemen performed, with their brethren of the adjacent +town, signal service. They drew lines round the burning +buildings and tried again and again to confine the fire to +one place, and prevent its spread. But the effort was +futile. The flames broke down the lines, rose up in a +hundred new places, and drove the firemen and their engines +away from the spot. Some splendid work was performed +in the vicinity of King Street East, and down towards +Pitt. Here they were partly successful, and did +all that could be done under the circumstances. Many of +them are heavy losers, having lost everything they had +in their own houses, while they were engaged in trying +to save those of others. In a fire which never ceased to +rage at its height until it came to the water's brink, and +which poured an unceasing stream of flame for nine steady +hours, and which burned in fifteen sections of the city at<!-- Page 154 --><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154"></a> +once, it was a difficult matter for them with only four engines, +to do anything like stopping the conflagration until +it had spent itself, no matter how efficient and perfect the +organization might be. No one expected the firemen to +accomplish anything. There was something in the air +which seemed to breed a sort of contagion, and the fire +paralyzed buildings in a moment, and no one could tell +how they caught. The fire struck men down where they +were standing, and an invisible heat bore to the earth the +trees on the sideways.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 155 --><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XIII" id="CHAPTER_XIII"></a>CHAPTER XIII.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">A Chapter of Incidents—Agony on Board—Coming Up the Harbour—The +Story of the Moths—The Newly Married Lady's Story—No +Flour—Moving Out—Saving the Drugs—The Man with the Corn-Plasters—Incendiarism—Scenes—Thievery—The +Newspapers—Enterprise—Blowing +Down the Walls—An Act of Bravery—The Fatal +Blast—Danger and Death in the Walls—Accidents—The Fire and the +Churches—The Ministers.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">As</span> the "Empress" was steaming up the harbour, from +Digby, on the night of the fire, the passengers on board, +many of whom belonged to St. John, beheld the city in +flames. Some of them even saw from the water their +own residences on fire, and witnessed the alarming +rapidity of the flames and the almost powerless efforts of +the people to stay their ravages. One can imagine the +feelings of those passengers who had left children at home, +and who now began to experience the greatest anguish +and suffering. What made the matter worse was, that +some time had to elapse before the captain could venture +to approach his wharf, and this added largely to the bitterness +of the fathers and mothers on board. A mother +who had left a little one in the city, while absent on a +journey to Nova Scotia, told the writer that the agony +she endured while making the approach to the city completely +deadened and prostrated her. She grew perfectly +helpless, and for a time nothing could rouse her from the +seeming state of insensibility under which she sank.<!-- Page 156 --><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156"></a> +Those were terrible moments of suffering—awful moments +of uncertainty.</p> + +<p>Among the curious incidents of the fire which are constantly +coming to the surface, is the rather good story +which is told of one of our neatest housekeepers. Her +house is noted for its spotlessness, and some who profess to +know, say that such a thing as a spider's web could not +be seen about the premises, even in the cellar or wood-shed. +The lady has a natural abhorrence of those pests, +the moths which <i>will</i> get into our furs sometimes and +defy all the camphor and snuff in existence to keep them +out. One day, about six months ago, some handsome +newly upholstered chairs were purchased, and duly placed +in the parlour. In a week a moth was found in one of +the new chairs, and there was much consternation thereat. +The rest of the furniture was examined carefully, and +the offending chair was sent to the upholsterer for his examination. +The result proved to the lady's satisfaction +that she was right, and that the flock which had been put +into the chair with the hair had caused all the mischief. +The whole set was sent back to the furniture-man, and he +was ordered to take the flock out. He returned them +after a time, but in less than a week the persevering +house-keeper succeeded in finding moths in every one of +the chairs. She sent them to another upholsterer this +time, and was awaiting their return when the fire occurred, +and they were burned up, moths and all, while her +own house was untouched.</p> + +<p>A newly-married lady fearing the fire would reach her<!-- Page 157 --><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157"></a> +dwelling, succeeded in hiring a team, and putting into it +her best furniture, bedding, husband's clothes, and all her +silver, sent them up to her mother's house at about four +o'clock in the afternoon. At six o'clock her mother's +residence was burned down, and with it all that was in it, +while her own house was about half a mile from the +vicinity of the fire. The lady was quite annoyed when +the folks came in for a night's lodging that night, shortly +after tea was over.</p> + +<p>Considerable consternation prevailed among the people +when it was known that nearly all the flour in town had +been burned. The estimated loss was considered to be +about fifty or sixty thousand barrels. One man is said to +have hurried out and paid $18 for a barrel, while there +were several persons who paid twenty cents a loaf for +bread.</p> + +<p>A good many people who feared the fire was coming +their way moved out, and put their furniture, etc., in the +street, and watched it till after midnight, when the expected +flames not arriving, they marched the effects back +again. The goods were almost as much damaged as if +they had remained in the fire. Large quantities of material +were lost in this way, and a lady saved an old pewter-box +which once contained her husband's sleeve-buttons +and studs, while she wrapped the latter up in a bag and +never saw them again.</p> + +<p>Quite a number of cases of petty thieving occurred. +A drug store, shortly before the fire came to it, was filled +with a gang of roughs and pickpockets, who insisted on<!-- Page 158 --><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158"></a> +helping the proprietor to save a few things. They were +saving them with a vengeance; opening every box and +package that came in their way, and taking a dip out of +each. One young man, whose face bore the picture of +health, had managed to save, when detected, enough +Blood Mixture to cure the scrofula in his family for the +next fifteen years. Boys, who should have stolen soap, +were going in for that excellent capillary restorer, Mrs. +Allen's Zylobalsamum, and a man, hobbling along with a +wooden leg, was filling his pockets with bunion and corn +plasters. The boxes had a neat look, and he thought he +would see the next day what the contents were good for. +Everyone wanted to help, and one could not but admire +the zeal with which these gentry emptied drawers and +boxes on the floor, and scrambled for the contents. One +young gentleman in his anxiety to save a mirror-stand, +which certainly could never be of any use to him, cut it +in two and hastened away, leaving a drawer full of toothpicks, +and a bottle of rat poison behind him, which he +might have had just as well as not. A citizen, who said +he felt dry after working so hard all day, regaled himself +with a pint bottle of Ipecacuanha wine, and left immediately +after it was down, to see how the fire was +getting along in another place. One can never forget +these little acts of kindness. It is the performance of +deeds like these which exalts a nation, and makes us feel +that the world is not altogether a fleeting show or a +snare.</p> + +<p>The cry of incendiarism was raised during the first<!-- Page 159 --><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159"></a> +days of the fire, and a good deal of alarm prevailed. Special +constables patrolled the city, volunteer soldiers were +placed on guard, and the policemen were ordered to be +vigilant. Several arrests were made; but the greater +portion of these were unnecessary, and, in nearly all cases, +the persons arrested turned out to be noisy, drunken +men, whose actions were misinterpreted by the officers. +Some cases of incendiarism did really occur, however, +and it was just as well that the city should be guarded, +and the rougher element closely looked after. There is +no doubt but that the fire at half-past two in the morning, +in J. and T. Robinson's brick building, York Point +Slip, was caused by the torch of the incendiary; and on +Monday afternoon, a man was actually caught in the +act of setting fire to Mrs. David Tapley's house in Indian-town. +A good deal of talk about lynching was indulged +in, but no one was lynched, though rumours came thick +and fast, that one man had been shot, another hanged, +and any number of people, according to the fertility of +the narrator's imagination, were thrown into the sea. +Drunkenness was rampant, and all saw how necessary it +was that this evil should be stopped short. The licenses +to the sellers could not be taken away, and it was optional +with them whether they would listen to the appeals of the +citizens or not. A committee, at a meeting of the people +was appointed to ask the bar-tenders to close their bars +for one week. To the credit of these gentlemen, be it +said, they acceded to the request at once, and the bars<!-- Page 160 --><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160"></a> +were closed. This had a salutary effect on the morals of +the community.</p> + +<p>For days after the fire, stolen goods were being constantly +recovered by the police and special constables. +Large quantities were found concealed in houses situate +a little distance away from the city, while even in the +city limits, the officers met with a good deal of success in +tracing articles that had been surreptitiously carried off. +Some outward-bound schooners arrived at their places of +destination along the New Brunswick and Nova Scotia +coasts, laden with spoils from the fire, but in most cases +these were got back.</p> + +<p>H. M. S. Argus arrived from Halifax with the Marine +Artillery and some soldiers. A number of the sailors did +patrol duty in Carleton, and the artillery spent several +days blowing down the walls of the buildings, and doing +other work entrusted to their care. A number of soldiers +of the 97th Regiment also arrived from Halifax, +and these together with a company of the 62nd Battalion +of volunteers, and some men of the volunteer artillery +under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Foster, the senior +Lieutenant-Colonel of the Dominion, performed guard and +other duty until the 6th of July, when the volunteers +were disbanded, and the regulars were continued for a +time. The men behaved excellently and did good service. +They were all encamped in King's Square.</p> + +<a name="kingafter"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z111_king_square_after.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="571"> +<p class="caption">KING SQUARE AFTER THE FIRE, ENCAMPMENT OF THE 97TH REGIMENT.</p> +</div> + +<p>The U.S. Revenue Cutter "Gallatin" made two trips +from Boston laden with supplies from the generous people +there, for the relief of the sufferers by the fire.<!-- Page 161 --><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161"></a></p> + +<p>With commendable enterprise, many of the merchants +who were burned out, and could not secure premises in +which to carry on their business, by permission of the +authorities, erected shanties on King and Market Squares, +which they promise to pull down before the first of May, +1878. The city now looks quite primitive. Turn where +you will, shanties of various sizes and styles meet the +eye.</p> + +<p>Some very good work was done at the ferry floats by +the employes of the boat. Through their exertions the fire +was kept away for a considerable time from the handsome +new Magee Block, which stood on the corner of Water and +Princess Streets. This building will be put up again at +once.</p> + +<p>The newspaper men were heavy losers, but nothing +daunted, they went to work at once and lost no time. The +<i>Telegraph</i>, through the courtesy of Mr. George W. Day, +printer, was out on the very morning after the fire, with +a smaller, but very spicy and interesting little sheet. The +<i>Telegraph</i> proprietor and editor, Mr. Elder, did not save +even his fyles. The <i>Globe</i> also did not lose an issue, and +on Thursday evening it was as bright and attractive as +usual, and contained an excellent account of the fire. The +<i>Daily News</i> lost its issue on Thursday, but on Sunday, the +proprietors, Messrs. Willis & Mott, issued a very interesting +paper, and so made up for what it lost on Thursday. +The resume of the work of spoliation in this number of +the <i>News</i> was very graphic. The <i>Freeman</i><a name="FNanchor_R_18" id="FNanchor_R_18"></a><a href="#Footnote_R_18" class="fnanchor">[R]</a> did not issue a<!-- Page 162 --><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162"></a> +paper. The three principal papers immediately set to +work buying type, paper, and presses, and in a fortnight +after the fire, the <i>News</i> was issued full size from a new +press on the site of its old office. The <i>Globe</i> and +<i>Telegraph</i> followed with new presses, &c., a day or two +after. The <i>News</i> and <i>Globe</i> were issued after the fire for a +few days from the <i>Weekly Herald</i> office, Germain Street.</p> + +<p>At the blowing down of the walls of the Post Office, an +act of valour was performed by some men belonging to +the volunteer Battery of Artillery, which deserves prominent +mention. Major Cunard, Captain A. J. Armstrong, +and Lieutenants Inch and Ewing, together with a detachment +of the Brigade of New Brunswick Artillery, under +the command of Lieutenant-Colonel S. K. Foster, marched +to Prince William Street, and proceeded to blow down the +walls of the Post Office. Sentries were posted all round a +circle of nearly two hundred yards, and everything being +in readiness the work was begun. Two bags of powder +were placed against the building with the length of spouting +which would contain the port fire fuse that was to +connect with the powder. Two charges went off and the +effect on the walls was slight. The men thought of the +expediency of placing a charge against the inside as +well as one on the outside of the building. The trains +were laid and the fuses lit, but some loose powder igniting +in a moment with the train, it exploded with a deafening +crash before the men could get away, and half of the wall +facing Prince William Street, came down as if a thunder-bolt +had struck it. Gunner John Nixon, of No. 2 Battery,<!-- Page 163 --><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163"></a> +was covered with the debris, but escaped uninjured, save +a few scratches on the arm and a cut or two. Gunner +Walter Lamb, of No. 10 Battery, was stricken down and +every one deemed him dead, the smoke and debris completely +hiding him. The second 70lb blast was still burning +and was momentarily expected to go off, when Lamb's +hand was observed to rise over his head and touch his cap. +In a moment five men, unmindful of the terrible fate +which threatened them, rushed in and bravely dragged +from the mass of ruins, their fallen comrade. He was borne +away just as the second charge went off with a roar, carrying +away at a bound the remainder of the wall. Stones +and bricks flew in every direction and John Anderson, +who was standing in Germain Street, but whose presence +there was unknown, fell badly wounded. He was conveyed +to the hospital and died in a few days. The names +of the five artillery men who behaved so bravely are, +Lieutenant Inch, No. 10; Lieutenant Wm. King, No. 10; +Corporal J. R. Andrews, No. 3; Corporal Anderson, No. 1; +and Gunner R. McJunkin, No. 10. Captain Ring, of Carleton +Battery, was standing within three paces of Gunner +Lamb when he fell. His escape was certainly miraculous.</p> + +<p>The pulling down of the walls has been attended by a +good many accidents, some of them terminating seriously. +A week after the fire some men were engaged in taking +down the walls of the building in Dock Street, belonging to +the Johnston estate. Two men were cleaning out the foundation +at the same time. The wall trembled in the breeze, +and the men looking up fled for their lives. One of them,<!-- Page 164 --><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164"></a> +James Wilkins escaped, but Thomas Sullivan was caught +by the pile of bricks and his head was badly cut and his +limbs bruised. A day or so after this accident, another +one occurred which ended fatally. Some workmen were +removing the rubbish from a building, when a wall that +enclosed a vault of some seven or eight feet in height fell, +and George Gallagher was buried in the ruins. He was +taken to the Hospital (Dr. E. B. C. Hanington, resident +physician), and it was found that his spine was broken, his +thigh fractured, and he had sustained serious injuries +internally. He died in a few hours.</p> + +<p>The Sunday after the fire, the ministers referred in +their sermons to the very general conflagration, and its +lessons. At St. Paul's Church, in the morning, Rev. Mr. +De Veber preached. In the afternoon, the Rev. Mr. +Mather, and in the evening, Rev. Mr. Brigstocke, of +Trinity, officiated. Rev. Mr. Windeyer preached both +morning and evening in his church, the Reformed Episcopal. +Rev. S. P. Fay, a Bangor clergyman, preached in +the Union Street Congregational Church, morning and +evening. Rev. James Bennet preached in St. John's +Presbyterian in the morning, and Rev. A. McL. Stavely +in the afternoon. Rev. Dr. D. Maclise, in the morning +preached in Calvin Church; and in the evening, Rev. +Mr. Mitchell, of St. Andrew's Kirk, preached. The Exmouth +Street Church held three services, Rev. Mr. Duke +in the morning, Rev. Howard Sprague in the afternoon, +and in the evening Revs. Messrs. Hartt and Sprague addressed +the congregation. Rev. Mr. Fowler preached in<!-- Page 165 --><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165"></a> +Carleton Presbyterian Church in the morning, and there +was no service in the evening. The Baptist pulpit was +occupied by Rev. Mr. Hickson, the pastor, both morning +and evening. Rev. Theodore Dowling preached in St. +George's Church. At the Free Christian Church, Rev. +George Hartley preached in the afternoon. At the Portland +Baptist Church, Rev. Mr. McLellan, the pastor, +preached morning and evening. The Portland Methodist +Church had Rev. Mr. Barrett in the morning, and <a name="tn_png_z197"></a><!--TN: Period added after "Rev"-->Rev. +Mr. Teed in the evening. St. Luke's, Portland, had sermons +from Rev. Mr. Almon, the rector. Brussels Street Church +had Rev. Mr. Alexander. At the Roman Catholic +Cathedral, at nine o'clock mass, Bishop Sweeny addressed +the congregation, and at eleven, Bishop Power, of Newfoundland, +preached. Rev. Mr. Wills delivered a sermon at +the Unitarian Hall; and in the St. Stephen Presbyterian +Church, Rev. D. Macrae preached in the morning, and the +Rev. Mr. Donald, of Port Hope, in the evening.<a name="tn_png_z197a"></a><!--TN: "p 166." removed since it refers to placement of footnote in printed version of book"--><a name="FNanchor_S_19" id="FNanchor_S_19"></a><a href="#Footnote_S_19" class="fnanchor">[S]</a></p> + +<p>Thirty-nine orphans were kindly taken care of by +Mr. R. B. Graham, the visiting agent of the Baldwin +Place Home for Little Wanderers, who carried them to +Boston, Massachusetts.</p> + +<p>Some months ago a clever poem in several books, entitled +"On the Hills," from the pen of a Nova Scotia lady +of excellent reputation as a writer, Mrs. Morton, <i>née</i> Irene +S. Elder, was placed in the hands of Wm. Elder, Esq., of +the St. John's <i>Daily Telegraph</i>, to read. On the day of +the fire, he put this manuscript in his safe, for protection. +When the safe was opened, the manuscript was found<!-- Page 166 --><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166"></a> +quite legible. The scene of the poem is laid in our sister +province, and it is said to contain some genuine touches +of true poetry.</p> + +<p><i>Apropos</i> of manuscripts, it may be said that Prof. Wm. +Lyall, of Halifax, lost a very valuable treatise "On the +Emotions," which was burned in Mr. Stewart's safe, King +street. Mr. W. P. Dole lost all his sonnets, and his late +paper "On Definitions," upon which he had expended a +good deal of time.</p> + +<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_R_18" id="Footnote_R_18"></a><a href="#FNanchor_R_18"><span class="label">[R]</span></a> The <i>Freeman</i> will be issued shortly as a daily.</p></div> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_S_19" id="Footnote_S_19"></a><a href="#FNanchor_S_19"><span class="label">[S]</span></a> Rev. Geo. M. Armstrong preached in Stone Church, (built 1824) and on +the Sabbath following the Bishop of Fredericton preached in the same church.</p></div> +</div> + + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 167 --><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XIV" id="CHAPTER_XIV"></a>CHAPTER XIV.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">"I went againe to the ruines, for it was no longer +a <a name="tn_png_z199a"></a><!--TN: "citty," changed to "Citty" followed by an emdash -->Citty"—the Drive by +Moonlight—Through the Ruins—After the Fire—A City of Ashes—The +Buried Silver—The Sentinel Chimneys—The Home of Luxuriance—A +Recollection—The Moon and the Church—Back Again.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">Shelley's</span> white-orbed maiden sits in the sky, and +already her pale torch is silvering the peaks of the ruins. +Let us take a carriage, and drive round the desolate city, +slowly and softly, and view the giant wreck which the +fire has made. There is no better time than the <a name="tn_png_z199"></a><!--TN: Period added after "present"-->present. +The moon is up, and quietness reigns. It is as light as +day. We will drive first to the barrack-ground, and look +up the long hills. Three days have passed, and the first +excitement is now over. A thousand weary pilgrims +have made the journey to this desert of desolation a hundred +times since the fire, and vainly dug on the site where +their homes once were, for relics, or perhaps something +more. Why, look there! it is past midnight, and those +three men you see working by that blackened wall, seem +so wrapped up in their occupation, that they scarcely +speak to one another, or note the presence of any one but +themselves. See, they are carrying away the still hot +bricks, and throwing into the street bits of iron and +charred wood. Look, watch them for a moment—witness +how they<!-- Page 168 --><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168"></a>—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="iout">"Dig, dig, dig, amid earth, and mortar, and stone,<br></span> +<span class="i0">And dig, dig, dig, among ruins overthrown;<br></span> +<span class="i0">Spade, and basket, and pick, the toiling Arabs ply."<br></span> +</div></div> + +<p>How monotonous the work appears, and how strangely +weird everything looks. To speak now, and hail these +men, would break the charm—would interrupt the gaunt +and gloomy silence of the place. But the presence of +these excavators, at such an hour as this, arouses our +curiosity. We know that the standard authorities tell us, +that no matter how deeply men may dig for the pirate's +buried treasure, if any one speaks during the performance +of the work, the spell becomes broken, the enchantment +passes away, and the iron box of doubloons vanishes. We +have no means of disputing this, and wouldn't if we +could. We have no desire to attempt to prove the contrary, +but rather incline to the belief that the authorities +are right, for we have it on the word of a gentleman who +once owned a mineral rod, and whose word is undoubted, +that a certain Miss Pitts, who was engaged all her life in +digging about the gardens of her neighbours, and who +never found anything up to the day of her death, confessed +to him during her last illness, that her tongue +had spoiled all. Had she but kept quiet when her spade +struck the iron-box, all would have been well. But her +joy was so great at the sight of the treasure, that she +couldn't contain herself longer, and giving utterance to +her feelings she spoke, and the box of course, immediately +sank. The truth of this narrative can be established by +excellent witnesses, and Miss Pitts, whatever her other<!-- Page 169 --><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169"></a> +faults might be, had always a splendid reputation for +veracity. She made and sold mineral rods too, and, in explaining +their miraculous properties, gave out the advice +that, by a judicious and constant use of her peculiar make +of mineral rod, the whole world might speedily become +rich, and at very trifling cost, thus exhibiting a vein of +disinterestedness, as generous as it was rare. We say +then, in the face of all this, and at the risk of destroying +what happiness yet remained in the minds of the men +who were thus toiling through the ghostly hour of twelve, +we drew rein and hailed them. We couldn't help it. Our +curiosity got the better of us, and we asked them what +they were digging for. They were hunting for treasures, +truly, not the pirate's though, but their own. During the +fire, and unable to hire a team at any price, they had dug +a deep hole in the cellar of the house and buried there, +what jewelry and silver-ware they could scrape together. +They were now hunting for it, and eventually they found +it, in not even a discoloured state.</p> + +<p>But let us go on. A very pleasant wind is fanning +our foreheads, and there is a charm about this +drive which we never experienced before. A grim +charm truly, but nevertheless, a charm after all. Are +we not going to see the ruins. The ruins which +came to us in a night—the heritage of the fire. We +have a Dunga and a Dugga, and a Carthage of our +own. In a few brief hours we had a desolation here, +which, in other lands it took great centuries to create. +We have crumbling ruins, and shapeless masses of stone<!-- Page 170 --><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170"></a> +in the very heart of a community which boasted, but a +short time before, of a civilization and an enterprise unsurpassed +the world over. Let the eye wander as we pass +along the deserted streets, and take in the full view as it +appears. What a fascination there is about this district +of sorrow. Why is it we pause, and wonder if Troy ever +looked like this; or the ruins of Sodom stood out against +the sky like that house there, this edifice here or that +once noble structure beyond. All, all is desolation, all +blackness, despair, decay and misery. Look at those ponderous +walls, which defied the flames to the last. See +they are still standing, broken it is true, but standing +proudly and defiantly for all that. See, the moon is +throwing her light upon that church yonder. See how +she dances, now high, now low, look, she disappears behind +the tall wall, and all we see for a moment is a dark +shadow. Now there she is again. Here comes the glittering +Cynthia with her robes of white. She is coming +along up, up, up by that angle there. Now she is soaring +along the sky. Now she seems to stand right over our +heads. How light it is. How bright and beautiful the +moon is to-night. How playful the mad thing is, how +merrily and joyously she disports herself in the heavens, +and yet how kindly she turns her sympathetic face on +the vale below. She sails along, casting lingering and +tearful glances on the havoc-stricken land.</p> + +<p>We will drive over to that eminence there and look at +the squares of ruins, and notice the fragments of columns +which remain. Turn your head round, and look at those<!-- Page 171 --><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171"></a> +sentinel chimneys standing so erect, and so regularly in +line. Ah, that is where the old barrack stood, and those +chimneys, no doubt, heard many a well-told tale of the +bivouac and the battle-field. Could they but speak to-night, +what reminiscence would they relate of Lucknow +and Cawnpore, of the Heights of Alma, and bloody plain +of Inkerman. What stories would they tell you of the +gallant fellows who on bleak winter nights gathered round +their base, and chatted and talked of battles fought and +won, and the great deeds of bravery they had seen. These +high chimneys have many bits of history locked within +them which the world shall never know. They stood +there when the city was almost as bare of houses as it is +now. They have seen the busy workman, and heard the +sound of his axe and saw; they have seen the city grow +more and more strong and beautiful; they have watched +its growth from a mere hamlet to a metropolis; they have +witnessed the erection of noble structures on sites where +trees and bushes flourished before; they have seen St. +John on the morning of the 20th June prosperous, enterprising, +and full of energy and life; and they have seen +her again before the sun went down, stricken to the earth, +with her buildings in ruins, and the work of almost a +hundred years in ashes. The old sentries keep guard to-night, +blackened and bared.</p> + +<p>Turn the horse a little this way. Now look up the +street. Do you see that pile of bricks and mortar and +those heavy stones lying near? That <i>debris</i> is all that is +left of a house where in my youth, I spent many happy<!-- Page 172 --><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172"></a> +hours. I must take you into my confidence and tell you +that the owner of that house is to-day a poor man. The +day before the fire he was comparatively comfortable, +rich I should call it, but the way wealth is computed +now-a-days, I will content myself with saying that he was +comfortably off. He had his carriage and horses—such +splendid drivers, and how well he kept them—he had a +library, and such books, and he knew what was in them +too. History, belles-lettres, biography, science, all departments +were here. You could read if you chose on an +idle afternoon, in that alcove off the library, over there, a +few feet from those bricks, anything your fancy dictated. +I used to love to sit there and pull down his books—not +to read them always, but merely to skim the cream off a +dozen or so of them of an afternoon. He had some +charming old books which he always kept in the extreme +corner of his case. I remember with what awe I +used to approach this section, and take down from the +shelf his luxuriant copy of Milton, printed early in the +eighteenth century, and illustrated with a grand old portrait +of the blind bard. I read Pope's Homer here for the +first time, and actually waded through the Chesterfield +Letters. I used to sit over towards the left of where +we are now, just close to that old stove-pipe which you +can just see peeping through the bricks. I may live +many years, or I may pass away to-night, but I shall never +forget that dear old house, and the many happy, happy +hours I spent there. Come away. Something seems to +choke me, and one wants all his strength these days. Con<!-- Page 173 --><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173"></a>tinue +along in this direction. We shall see all that is left +of many beautiful houses from here. There's the Wiggins' +Orphan Asylum. The tower and the walls are there. +What exquisite ruins they are. Let us look at them +awhile. One can almost fancy he has seen somewhere a +picture of the remains of an edifice that looked like this. +I can almost hear the guide tapping his cane on the walls, +and telling me to note how excellently preserved the +building is, and how admirably the builders put it up. +See how solid and strong it is, and hardly a discoloration +marks its handsome front. That dingy and dismal-looking +old wooden building near at hand is the Marine Hospital—that +was saved all right.</p> + +<p>Did you notice the jagged, fringe-like edges of that +building which we passed just now, in that bend near the +road? How intense the heat must have been there to +wear it down like that. And did you observe that wooden +door lying in the vestibule scarcely touched by the flames, +while everything around it was burned to a crisp? What +odd freaks the fire takes sometimes. Drive a little faster +keep well to the left. The streets are full of stones and +broken brick yet. We are now coming past Queen Square, +and let us look in a moment on Mecklenburg Street. +What a beautiful sight those burning coals make in Mr. +Vaughan's house. You can see better by the left, there, +now stop. See the pale light is above, the deep blood-red +light is below. What a curious meeting. You can scarcely +see the dividing line between them. Drive through the +street to Carmarthen, take in on the way Mr. Nicholson's<!-- Page 174 --><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174"></a> +Castle, and the houses of Messrs. Magee on the left, and +before you turn up the street look at that immense mass +of burning coals belonging to the Gas Company, blazing +away like some volcano in a state of eruption. There +are smouldering fires all round the city, and ruins upon +ruins meet us at every turn. My heart sickens at the +sight. Let us drive home. We have visited the ruins by +moonlight.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 175 --><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XV" id="CHAPTER_XV"></a>CHAPTER XV.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">Aid for St. John—The First Days—How the Poor were Fed—Organization +of the St. John Relief and Aid Society—Its System—How it Operates—The +Rink—The Car-shed—List of Moneys and Supplies Received—The +Noble Contributions.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">No</span> sooner was it known abroad that a great fire had +swept away the principal portion of St. John, and that +thousands of people walked the streets, homeless and +hungry, than, with wonderful unanimity, generous offers +of aid came pouring in from all sides, for the relief of the +ruined city. Large sums of money, cargoes of supplies, +and carloads of breadstuffs, furniture, and clothing arrived; +and committees of citizens, notwithstanding that +they were burned out themselves, and had suffered severely, +forgot everything in the desire to do good, and +instantly proceeded to take charge of this relief, and +administer it to the needy. The spacious skating rink +was at their disposal, and this splendid building soon +became the house of refuge for over three hundred homeless +persons. These men, women, and children lived, slept, +and ate here day after day, for a week and more after the +fire. The rink was also converted into a provision storehouse, +and from its centre the poor, daily, received the +necessaries of life. The ladies' dressing-room was thrown +into a clothes department, and from this place the wants +of applicants were attended to. Of course the system +employed at first was very loose, and while many deserv<!-- Page 176 --><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176"></a>ing +persons received aid, others, again, who had no claims +on the fund, fared equally as well. The committee took +the ground that it was better a few impositions should +occur than that one deserving person should "go empty +away," and accordingly none were refused alms and other +assistance. The greatest credit is due to these gentlemen +for their kindly and disinterested labours. While in +office they did much good, and the generous donors of the +material which was so freely sent, can rest assured that +their bounty was not misapplied. Everything passed +through the hands of His Worship, Mayor Earle, the chief +civic officer, and was by him placed immediately after +its receipt, in the possession of the proper ones who were +delegated to receive it. But this committee could not +be expected to distribute the relief, after the first week +or two. The sums of money, and the immense quantity +of supplies, which continued, and still continue, to come, +and the large increase of applicants who only now began +to realize their loss, caused the work to grow more and +more arduous and cumbersome. Some regularly organized +system of administering aid must be devised, and a +proper board of workmen selected, who would be paid +fairly for their services. This was what was done in +Chicago, during the days of her calamity, and our people +wisely considered that a leaf out of her book would answer +the purpose. A meeting was called, and though +some dissatisfaction existed at the precise <i>manner</i> +in which the thing was done, yet, after all, the error in +such times as these should not be accounted as anything<!-- Page 177 --><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177"></a> +very serious. The movers meant well, and every one +could not have a place on the board of directors.</p> + +<a name="skating"></a><div class="figcenter" style="width:695px;padding-bottom:.4em;padding-top:.3em;"> +<img src="images/z293_skating.jpg" border="1" alt="" title="" width="700" height="560"> +<p class="captionsmall">The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal</p> +<p class="caption">SKATING RINK.</p> +</div> + + +<p>Mr. C. G. Trusdell, the General Superintendent of the +Chicago Relief and Aid Society, was sent down to St. +John to give what counsel he could, and relate his experience +to the people, and point out to them the +beauties of the organization which obtained in Chicago +during her troubles. He counselled the instant formation +of a similar society here. He knew its workings intimately. +It was thorough; it was business-like. No one, +after the system was in full working order, could impose +on the managers, and order would come out of chaos, and +confusion no longer exist. His words had weight, for he +had passed through the fire himself; and steps were at +once inaugurated for the establishment of "The St. John +Relief and Aid Society," with full control of the funds +and supplies. The men who were selected for the task +are those in whom the citizens have every confidence. +The Directors are:—</p> + + +<ul style="margin-left:15%;margin-right:15%;list-style-type: none;padding-top:1em;font-size:.9em;"> +<li>S. Z. Earle, Mayor, <i>President</i>.</li> +<li>W. H. Tuck, Recorder, <i>Vice-President</i>.</li> +<li>Chas. H. Fairweather, <i>Treasurer</i>.</li> +</ul> +<ul class="names"> +<li>James A. Harding.</li> +<li>Hon. Geo. E. King.</li> +<li>Harris Allan.</li> +<li>Fred A. King.</li> +<li>Andre Cushing.</li> +<li>James Reynolds.</li> +<li>H. J. Leonard.</li> +<li>James I. Fellows.</li> +<li>Wm. Magee.</li> +<li>Chas. N. Skinner.</li> +<li>Ezekiel McLeod.</li> +<li>Gen. D. B. Warner.<!-- Page 178 --><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178"></a></li> +<li>A. Chipman Smith.</li> +<li>John H. Parks.</li> +<li>E. Fisher.</li></ul> + +<p style="font-size:.9em;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;text-align: left; display: block; padding-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em;padding-bottom:1em;">Aldermen Maher, Peters, Ferguson, Kerr, Adams, Duffell, +Brittain, Glasgow, and Wilson, with L. R. Harrison, +<i>Secretary</i>.</p> + + +<p>These gentlemen then organized the St. John Relief +and Aid Society, and assumed charge at once. The moneys +were deposited in the bank, to the credit of Chas. H. +Fairweather, the Treasurer; and General D. B. Warner, +U.S. Consul, entered upon his duties as General Superintendent, +and opened his office at the rink.</p> + +<p>The sufferers by the fire, who had lived in the rink up +to this time, were housed in tents on the barrack green. +The rink was thrown into compartments. Fully two-thirds +were placed at the service of the store-keeper, who +dealt out the provisions, the manager of the furniture +department, and the overseer of the space allotted to +clothing. The space directly in front of the door-way +is occupied by the different officers who perform the preliminary +work. The gentlemen's dressing-room is devoted +to the use of the visitors, and the other dressing-room is +where the General Superintendent is to be found. No +more admirable system of giving out help to those whose +wants require it, could be formed. It is perfection itself, +and though mistakes may occur occasionally, on the whole +it moves like a piece of well-appointed machinery. The +reader must understand that thousands of applications +are made daily, and all sorts of tricks are resorted to by<!-- Page 179 --><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179"></a> +those whose necessities require no help, and every dollar +given away to the undeserving, is so much carried from +the mouths of the honest and honourable, for whom this +magnificent donation was made. The greatest care must +be exercised, and it is the business of quite a staff of +officers to see that these impositions are checked, and no +one is served twice on the same order. No one has been +refused aid, if he was legitimately entitled to it.</p> + +<p>The actual working of the system is an interesting +study. Everything is done regularly and methodically. +There is a substantial reason for every movement, and it is +surprising how quickly the officers can detect an informality, +or notice any attempt at deception. A brief account +of the system as it works will be interesting to many. +Upon entering through the main entrance, the visitor will +notice, in stepping down to the floor of the rink, a number +of benches. On these the applicants sit, each awaiting +his or her turn, as the case may be. Before them are the +interviewers, six or seven in number, seated at convenient +desks. The applicant steps up and answers the questions +propounded on a sheet of paper. This document is signed, +and one of Mr. G. B. Hegan's (the chief of the clerks' +staff) clerks numbers it. It then goes before Mr. Peter +Campbell, the superintendent of visitors. He allots it to +the visitor of the district to which the applicant belongs, +for his name and address are on this paper. The next day +this house is visited, and the wants of the residents being +made known are entered on the paper, if in the opinion +of the visitor, after thorough examination, they come under<!-- Page 180 --><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180"></a> +the proper head for relief. The applicant is told to call +at the rink, where he receives orders for furniture, clothing +or provisions, or all three if he needs them. After that +has been gone through, it is only the question of a few +minutes when he gets what he wants. He presents each +ticket to the department of the various supplies, and after +receiving his quota he passes out. The process is very +simple, though it appears at first sight a little involved. +It is the only way, however, by which a complete check +may be put on what goes out or by which every dollar's +worth of supplies can be strictly accounted for. Cases +calling for immediate aid often come before the managers. +The applicant's needs are urgent, and he cannot wait two +days. He must have something now and at once. Even here +the wheels of the system are not clogged. In half an hour +or less he goes off with a day or two's full supply. An interim +ticket is furnished for just such cases as his, and he gets +enough on that "Immediate Relief" card, in advance of +visitation to keep him from actual suffering, until his +regular supply can come to him in due course. The plan +adopted to prevent fraud works excellently, and without +the remotest possibility of a mistake. This is the famous +vowel index system and there is no better way than it. +This is in charge of the book-keepers under W. H. Stanley, +the Chief Book-keeper, whose fine ability has full scope +in the management of this department. A complete +registration is made of the name and number and residence +of every applicant. The vouchers bearing these +statements are fyled away in packages of a hundred, and<!-- Page 181 --><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181"></a> +it is only the work of a few seconds to find out all about +the applicant as soon as he presents himself. In this department +only the "issued" documents are kept. Before +they pass into the book-keeper's hands they are retained by +another set of clerks who hold them until the supplies +are issued; when this is done the words "issued to ——" +are written down on the face of the voucher in red ink and +at once recorded at the book-keeper's desk and fyled as +before mentioned. Mr. Hegan, whose desk faces the door, +performs his functions with excellent executive skill, and +the other gentlemen in charge of the different departments +have the system at their fingers' end and already show +much familiarity with the work. It is the duty of the +visitors who call on the people named in the circulars +handed them, to make every legitimate enquiry and +strive to learn the fullest particulars of the applicants, as +much depends on their report to headquarters. This duty +is entrusted to persons of discernment and reliability, and +few complaints have reached the General Superintendent +of negligence and incompetency. As soon as they +occur, however, the offenders are promptly dismissed. +The Provision Department is in charge of Mr. Geo. Swett, +formerly Manager of the Victoria Hotel. He has an +efficient staff of clerks, and his store-room reminds one of +a well regulated wholesale grocery store. The meat is +cut up into convenient pieces by butchers, and the whole +management here is reduced to a system; Mr. Swett is +always courteous and looks carefully after those under him. +Mr. Kerrison is chief of the Clothing Department, and<!-- Page 182 --><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182"></a> +Mr. P. Gleason, is the principal officer of the Furniture +Room. Miss Rowley is Superintendent of the Ladies' +Clothing Department. The heads of the different <a name="tn_png_z216"></a><!--TN: "depart ments" changed to "departments"-->departments +are held responsible for the doings of their subordinates, +and the utmost vigilance is accordingly exercised.</p> + +<p>The large car-shed immediately adjoining the rink, has +been converted into a store-room and receiving office. +Here, Messrs. Wm. Magee and James Reynolds receive the +supplies as they come to the very doors of the shed by +rail, and are brought from the steamers by carts. As most +of the relief comes by train there is no cartage or expense +attached, and this besides being very convenient is wholly +inexpensive. Not an article can leave here to go to the +various departments in the rink, unless an order comes +for it from some chief of a department. The supplies are +usually ordered in large quantities in the morning and in +sufficient amounts to last one day. The warehouse is +kept well, and the goods therein are carefully looked +after and subject to constant examination. Everything +here, as well as in the other rooms, is done by check, and +nothing can go astray.</p> + +<p>The Directors are husbanding their resources and looking +further ahead than the present hour. Care is taken +to render judiciously the relief which has come from the +generous friends abroad. It is likely that the St. John +Relief and Aid Society will continue several years in +active operation. They will have much to do, and the +trials which will come with the winter will be very trying.<!-- Page 183 --><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183"></a></p> + +<h3>LIST OF BUSINESS HOUSES BURNT OUT.</h3> + + +<table align="center" class="sum" width="90%" summary="Business Houses Burned Out"> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;" width="33%">Academy of Music</td><td width="33%">A. M. Ring, Pres.</td><td width="33%">Germain Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Adams, James & Co.</td><td>Drygoods</td><td>King Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Allan, Harris</td><td>Brass-founder</td><td>Water Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Allan Bros.</td><td>Foundrymen</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Allan, J. Howe</td><td>Provisions</td><td>South Mkt. Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Allan, John</td><td>Tinsmith</td><td>Canterbury Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Allen, Geo. Em.</td><td>Commercial agent</td><td>Prince William Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ames, Horace T.</td><td>Ship chandlery</td><td>Walker's Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Albert Mining Co.</td><td>Albertite</td><td>Pr. William Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Armstrong, Aaron</td><td>Bonded warehouse</td><td><span style="word-spacing:1.7em;margin:1.7em;"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Armstrong, Bros.</td><td>Founders</td><td>Main Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Armstrong, John & Co.</td><td>Dry goods</td><td>Prince William Street</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Austin, W. H.</td><td>Livery Stable</td><td>Princess Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Andrews, Wm. Mountain, & Co.</td><td>Manuf. Agents</td><td>Prince William Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Arrowsmith, J. E.</td><td>Victualler</td><td>Germain.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Abel, Mrs.</td><td>Boarding-house</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Aitken, Allen & Co.</td><td>Machinists</td><td>Sydney Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Anglin, Hon. T. W.</td><td>"Freeman"</td><td>Prince William Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Almon, L. J.</td><td>Insurance</td><td>Princess Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Brown, Silas H.</td><td>Builder</td><td>Pitt St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ballantine, J. E. & Co.</td><td>Boots and shoes (retail)</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Barbour Bros.</td><td>Provisions</td><td>South Mkt. Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Barbour, M. C.</td><td>Dry goods (retail)</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Barbour, Robt.</td><td>Painter</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bardsley, Bros.</td><td>Hats</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Butt, W. F.</td><td>Bonded warehouse</td><td>Nelson St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Brennan, Henry</td><td>Oyster saloon</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Barnes, A. B. & Co.</td><td>Hotel-keepers</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Barnes & Co.</td><td>Booksellers</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 184 --><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184"></a>Benn, J. C.</td><td>Insurance</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Barnes, Jos. W. & Co.</td><td>Dry goods (retail)</td><td>Market Square.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Betts Azor, W. T.</td><td>Comm</td><td>Ward St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bridgeo, D.</td><td>Boarding-house</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bartsch, A. J. H.</td><td>Watches and Chronometers</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Beard & Venning</td><td>Dry goods</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Benson, John</td><td>Millinery</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Beek, Henry S.</td><td>Bookbinder</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bell, Joseph</td><td>Painter</td><td>Duke St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bellony, John</td><td>Pictures</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bent, Geo. R.</td><td>Musical instruments, organs</td><td>Main St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bent, Gilbert</td><td>Provisions</td><td>South Mkt. Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bertain, G. W. E.</td><td>Ship-owner</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Berton Bros.</td><td>Groceries</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Berryman, Drs. J. & D. E.</td><td>Physicians</td><td>Charlotte St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Best, Norris</td><td>Metals</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bone, Peter</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Smyth St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Birmingham, Michael</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Biddington, George</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Canterbury St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Black, Wm.</td><td>Ship chandler</td><td>Ward St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Blackall, Michael</td><td>Coaches</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Blanchard, W. E.</td><td>Women's wear</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Blizard, S. G.</td><td>Lumber yard</td><td>Britain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Blizzard, Wm.</td><td>Fish packer</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bostwick, C. M.</td><td>Provisions</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bourke, T. L.</td><td>Groceries and liquors</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bowes & Evans</td><td>Tinsmiths and stoves</td><td>Canterbury St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bradley, Bros.</td><td>Block & pump makers</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Breeze, Dudne</td><td>Liquors and groceries, bonded warehouse burned</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 185 --><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185"></a>Brims, A. & Son.</td><td>Brewers</td><td>Wentworth St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bruce, J.</td><td>Boots and Shoes</td><td>Sydney St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Brockington, H. & Co.</td><td>Tailors</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Brown, John C.</td><td>Commission & W. I goods</td><td>Brown's Wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Brown & Nugent</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Burns, G. M.</td><td>Boarding-house</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bruckhof, Wm.</td><td><a name="tn_png_z221"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "Mouldings"-->Mouldings</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bullock, Jos.</td><td>Oils</td><td>Nelson St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Baillie, Chas.</td><td>Fly tyer</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Burnham, C. E., & Co.</td><td>Furniture</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Burpee, I. & F. & Co.</td><td>Iron and hardware</td><td>North wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Butt, John H.</td><td>Tailor</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Buist, A.</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Buxton, Thos. B.</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Brundage, Thos.</td><td>Sail maker</td><td>Merritt's wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Brennan, B.</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Canterbury St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bank New <a name="tn_png_z221c"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "Brunswick"-->Brunswick</td><td>Hon. J. D. Lewin, Pres.</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bank Nova <a name="tn_png_z221d"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "Scotia"-->Scotia</td><td>J. M. Robinson, Agent</td><td>Market Square.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bank <a name="tn_png_z221e"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "Montreal"-->Montreal</td><td>E. C. Jones, Agent</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Brown, Miss</td><td>Milliner</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bustin, A. T.</td><td>Circulating Library</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bayard, Dr. Wm.</td><td>Physician</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Brewster, E. E.</td><td>Bottler</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Burke, John</td><td>Undertaker</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bryden, Bros. & Co.</td><td>Bakers</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Bertaux, Geo. E.</td><td>Ships</td><td>Prince William Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Cain, Antony</td><td>Liquors & groceries</td><td>Mill St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Callaghan, John</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td><td>Reed's Point.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="tn_png_z221a"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "Cameron"-->Cameron, J. R. & <a name="tn_png_z221b"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "Co."-->Co.</td><td>Oils and lamps</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Campbell, P. & J.</td><td>Blacksmiths</td><td>Union St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Campbell, Thos.</td><td>Gas fitter</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Carleton, Robt.</td><td>Blockmaker</td><td>Wood St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 186 --><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186"></a>Carroll, David</td><td>Plumber</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Carvill, Geo.</td><td>Iron</td><td>Nelson St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Carvill, McKean & Co.</td><td>Merchants</td><td>Office, Walker's wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Chubb, H. & Co.</td><td>Stationers</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Churchill, David</td><td>Fancy goods</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Clarke, Alfred T.</td><td>W. I. goods</td><td>Smyth St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Clarke, James</td><td>Flour Inspector</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Clarke, G. H.</td><td>Auctioneer</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Clementson, F. & Co.</td><td>Crockery</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Climo, J. S.</td><td>Photographs & frames</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Coholane, John</td><td>Grocer</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Collins, Francis</td><td>Commission</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Connolly, Capt.</td><td>Nautical school</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Colpitts, Thos. R.</td><td>Photographer</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Conroy, H. & Son</td><td>Hair goods</td><td>Canterbury St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Corbitt, John</td><td>Block & pumpmaker</td><td>Ward St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Corbitt, Samuel</td><td>Furniture</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Cornwall, Ira, <a name="tn_png_z222a"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "jr."-->jr.</td><td>Insurance Agent</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Cotter, W. & Sons</td><td>Victuallers</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="tn_png_z222"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "Coughlan"-->Coughlan, Daniel</td><td>Clothing</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Coughlan, R.</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Ward St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Coughlan, Thos. L.</td><td>Jewelry</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Cox, Joseph</td><td>Stone cutter</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Crawford, W. K.</td><td>Books</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Cruickshank, James F.</td><td>Ship owner</td><td>Office Maritime Bank</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Cushing, Andre & Co.</td><td>Lumber</td><td>Office Prince Wm. St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Cotter, B.</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Cochrane, F. J.</td><td>Drugs</td><td>Charlotte St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Daniel & Boyd</td><td>Dry goods, wholesale</td><td>Market Square.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Davidson, Wm.</td><td>Lumber</td><td>Office Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Davidson, Wm. J.</td><td>Tug boats</td><td><span class="spacedsingle"> " " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Dun, Wiman & Co.</td><td>Mercantile Agency</td><td><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span>Maritime Bank.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Dearborn & Co.</td><td>Spices</td><td>Nelson St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 187 --><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187"></a>De Forest, Geo. S.</td><td>Provisions & W I goods</td><td>South wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Della <a name="tn_png_z223"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "Torre"-->Torre, C. & W. & Co.</td><td>Toys</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Deveber, L. H. & Sons</td><td>Merchants</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Devine, George F.</td><td>Sheet Music</td><td><span class="spacedquotes">" " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Dalzell, J. W.</td><td>Furniture</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Devoe, John D.</td><td>Liquors & groceries</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Daniel, Dr. J. W.</td><td>Physician</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Dodge, Isaac A.</td><td>Blacksmith</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Doherty, Wm. & Co.</td><td>Clothiers</td><td>Market Square.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Domville, Jas. & Co.</td><td>Merchants</td><td>North Wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Donovan, Jeremiah</td><td>Boots and Shoes</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Driscoll Bros.</td><td>Ship-owners</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Driscoll, M.</td><td>Ship-chandler</td><td><span class="spacedsingle"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Duff, Alexander</td><td>Tug Boats</td><td><span class="spacedsingle"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Duffell, Henry</td><td>Lumber</td><td>Charlotte St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Dunham & Clarke</td><td>Architects</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Dunn, J. E.</td><td>Insurance</td><td>Ritchie's Building.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Dunn, Jas. L., & Co.</td><td>Iron and Ship-owners</td><td>Smyth St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Dyall, James</td><td>Gas-fitter</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">DeBlois, T. M.</td><td>News Room</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Doody & Tole</td><td>Plumbers</td><td><span class="spacedquotes">" " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Driscoll, Daniel</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Carmarthen.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Eastern Express Co.</td><td>Jos. R. Stone, Agent</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Eaton, Geo.</td><td>Commission</td><td>Nelson St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Emerson, R. B.</td><td>Tinsmith</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Emery, Oliver & Co.</td><td>Provisions and Ships</td><td>South Wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Erb & Bowman</td><td>Flour</td><td>North Wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Everitt & Butler</td><td>Wholesale Dry Goods</td><td>Canterbury.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Everett, C. & E.</td><td>Hatters</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Everett, Geo. F. & Co.</td><td>Drugs</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Elder, Wm.</td><td><i>Daily Telegraph</i></td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ellis & Armstrong</td><td><i>Evening Globe</i></td><td><span class="spacedquotes">" " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 188 --><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188"></a>Finlay, Hugh</td><td><i>Printer's Miscellany</i></td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Finnegan, H.</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Flinn, Geo.</td><td>Saloon</td><td>Canterbury St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Fairweather, H. H.</td><td>Coal</td><td>York Point Slip.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Fairweather, A. C. & G. E.</td><td>Insurance</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Fairall & Smith</td><td>Dry Goods, Retail</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Fairbanks & Co.</td><td>Gilders</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Farrell, Michael</td><td>Clothing</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ferguson, John C.</td><td>Grocer and Auctioneer</td><td>South Wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Flood, Michael</td><td>Builder</td><td>Wentworth St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Finn, M. A.</td><td>Wines</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Fisher, Samuel</td><td>Shoemaker</td><td>Charlotte St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Flewelling, G. & G.</td><td>Matches</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Foley, H. T.</td><td>Notions</td><td>Duke St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Foster, John</td><td>Grocers and Liquors</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Foster, S. K.</td><td>Shoes</td><td>Germain Street.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Foster, S. R. & Son</td><td>Tacks</td><td>North St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Fleming, J. W.</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Britain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Francis, Manuel</td><td>Shoes</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Furlong, Thos.</td><td>Wines</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Fiske, Dr. J. M. C.</td><td>Dentist</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Fitch, Dr. Simon</td><td>Physician</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Firth, Wm. M. B.</td><td>Wharfinger</td><td>Walker's Wharf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Frith, Henry W.</td><td>Clerk of the Peace</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Fitzpatrick, F. G. S.</td><td>Bonded Warehouse</td><td>Nelson St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ferguson, Miss</td><td>Gordon House</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gabel, Z. G.</td><td>Rubber Goods</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gallagher & Young</td><td>Coopers</td><td>Ward St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gard, W. T.</td><td>Manu. Jeweller</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gerow, Geo. W.</td><td>Ship-owner</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gibbon, W. H.</td><td>Coal</td><td>Mill St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gibson, W. C.</td><td>Watch materials</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 189 --><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189"></a>Gilbert, & Co.</td><td>Merchants</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Griffith, Dr. Jas. E.</td><td>Dentist</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gilmour, A. & T.</td><td>Tailors</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gleeson, Patk.</td><td>Provisions</td><td>South Mkt. Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Griffin, Bros.</td><td>Fish</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Godard, J. W.</td><td>Ship chandler</td><td>North Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gorman, Thos.</td><td>Provisions</td><td>Ward St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Grant, J. Macgregor</td><td>Insurance</td><td>Robertson Place.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Green, Nathan</td><td>Cigars</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Greenough, A. R.</td><td>Saloon</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gould Bros.</td><td>Dyers</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gunn, Thos.</td><td>Tailor</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Guthrie & Hevenor</td><td>Bakers</td><td>Charlotte St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gale, E. W.</td><td>Insurance</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Guy, Stewart & Co.</td><td>Lumber</td><td>Office, Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gardner Sewing Machine Co.</td><td> </td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gregory, Hugh S.</td><td>Stevedore</td><td>North Mk. Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Grace, R.</td><td>Umbrellas, etc.</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gorrie, Henry</td><td>Tailor</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Gavin, P.</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hall, David H.</td><td>Sewing Machines</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hill, Rowland & Co.</td><td>Crockery</td><td>Mkt. Square.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hall & Fairweather</td><td>Flour</td><td>South Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hall, Thos. H.</td><td>Books</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hamilton, Lounsbury & Co.</td><td>Manufacturer's agents</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hammond, E. P.</td><td>Sewing machines</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Holden, Chas.</td><td>Physician</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hanford, Bros.</td><td>Commission</td><td>Nelson St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Health Lift Co.</td><td>R. J. Moffatt, agent</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hanington, Bros.</td><td>Drugs</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hanington, Thos. B.</td><td>Auctioneer</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Harding, Chas. E.</td><td>Lumber yard</td><td>Reed's Pt.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 190 --><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190"></a>Harding, John H.</td><td>Mining agent</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Harrison, J. & W. F.</td><td>Flour</td><td>North Mk. Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Harrison, Matthew</td><td>Boots and shoes</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hart, S. H.</td><td>Cigars</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hammond, John</td><td>Shoemaker</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hatfield & Gregory</td><td>Ship chandlers</td><td>North Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hatheway, Dr. J. C.</td><td>Dentist</td><td>Germain St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hatheway, Dr. Can.</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td><span class="spacedquotes">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hatheway, W. H.</td><td>Fish</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hawker, W.</td><td>Drugs</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hay, A. & J.</td><td>Jewellers</td><td>King St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hayes, Edw.</td><td>Baker</td><td>Mill St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hayward, S. & Co.</td><td>Hardware</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hamilton & Gray</td><td>Barbers</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hayward, W. H.</td><td>Crockery</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hegan J. & J. & Co.</td><td>Dry goods</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hevenor & Co.</td><td>Brass-founders</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hillman, W. H.</td><td>Silver-plater</td><td>Charlotte St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hilyard, C. E.</td><td>Commission</td><td>North Whf.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Holstead & Co.</td><td>Trunks</td><td>Water St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Holstead, John S.</td><td>Stevedore</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Horn, John</td><td>Liquors</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hubbard, W. D. W.</td><td>Auctioneer</td><td>Canterbury St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hughes, John E.</td><td>Custom House broker</td><td>Prince William St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hunter, James</td><td>Locksmith</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hunter, Roger</td><td>Printer</td><td>Dock St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hutchings & Co</td><td>Mattresses</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hutchinson, Geo Jr</td><td>Jeweller</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hyke, R S</td><td>International Hotel</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hinch, James</td><td>United States Hotel</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Henderson, Jas D</td><td>Fruit, etc.</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Hancock, F M</td><td>Fish</td><td>St James's St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Isbister, O R S</td><td>Painter</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 191 --><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191"></a>Inches, Dr. P R</td><td>Physician</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Isaacs, Joseph</td><td>Tobacco</td><td>Mill St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Irvine, Bros.</td><td>Grocers</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">James, S K F</td><td>Ship broker</td><td>Walker's Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jardine & Co</td><td>Wholesale and retail grocers</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jarvis, C E L</td><td>Insurance</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jarvis, Wm M</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jack, Henry</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jewellers' Hall</td><td> </td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jewett Bros</td><td>Lumber</td><td>Office, Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jewett, E D & Co</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Johnston, James J</td><td>Tailor</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jones, Simeon, & Co.</td><td>Bankers</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jones, Thos R & Co.</td><td>Dry goods (wholesale)</td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jones, Wm</td><td>Tailor</td><td>King Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jones, Mrs. Wm</td><td>Florist</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jordan, Jas G</td><td>Ship broker</td><td>Lawton's Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Jordan, W W</td><td>Dry goods</td><td>Mkt Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kivenear, Wm</td><td>Liquors</td><td>North St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kearns, A G</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kennedy, Jas</td><td>Grocer</td><td>South Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kennay, E E.</td><td>Organs, etc.</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Keohan, Thos H</td><td>Gilder</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kerr & Scott</td><td>Dry goods</td><td>Mkt Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kilnapp, Geo</td><td>Shoemaker</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">King Bros</td><td>Groceries</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kinnear Bros</td><td>Commission</td><td>Nelson St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kirk, J T & Co.</td><td>Clothing</td><td>Mkt Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kirkpatrick, Hugh</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Knowles, S N</td><td>Trunks</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kavanagh, M</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Knox & Thompson</td><td>Furniture</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 192 --><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192"></a>Knodell Geo A</td><td>Printer</td><td>Church St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kaye J J & J S</td><td>Insurance</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Kain Mrs.</td><td>Green grocer</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lumber Exchange</td><td>H J Leonard, Sec</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Larter, S</td><td>Shoemaker</td><td>Carmarthen St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Landry & Co</td><td>Organs</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lantalum, E & Co</td><td>Junk</td><td>Union St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lauckner, S J</td><td>Baker</td><td>Sydney St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lawton, A G</td><td>Drugs</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lawton, Edmund</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lawton, James</td><td>Wharfinger</td><td>Lawton's whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lawton, J. Fred</td><td>Saw manuf</td><td>North St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lawton, W G</td><td>Dry goods</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Livingston, John</td><td>Watchman office</td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Leach, Danl E</td><td>Billiard saloon</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lee J W</td><td>Stoves</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lee Mrs</td><td>Intelligence office</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lee & <a name="tn_png_z228"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "Logan"-->Logan</td><td>Grocers</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Leonard, R J</td><td>Ship broker</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="tn_png_z228a"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "Leonard"-->Leonard, S & Co.</td><td>Fish & ships</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Leonard, Robt.</td><td>Sail maker</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lester, E H</td><td>Auctioneer</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lewin & Allingham</td><td>Hardware</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Leitch John & Co</td><td>Woodenware</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lewis Wm B</td><td>Ship smiths</td><td>Britain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="tn_png_z228b"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "Lipman"-->Lipman, S & Son</td><td>Cigars</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="tn_png_z228c"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "Littlejohn"-->Littlejohn, Thos</td><td>Liquors</td><td>North wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lloyd & Co</td><td>Coal</td><td>Lloyd's wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lockhart, W A</td><td>Auctioneer</td><td>North wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Logan, Lindsay & Co.</td><td>Grocers</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lordly, Howe & Co.</td><td>Furniture</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lorimer, J B</td><td>Grocer</td><td>Carmarthen St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lorimer, Wm.</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>South wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 193 --><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193"></a>Lunney, Thos.</td><td>Clothier</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lunt, Enoch & Sons</td><td>Steamboats</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lyman, C E</td><td>Machinery agent</td><td>Market square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lear, James</td><td>Manufacturer's agent</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lyons, Ann</td><td>Second-hand store</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lawton, Benj</td><td>Boat builder</td><td>Nelson St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Lordly, Mrs</td><td>Brunswick Hotel</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McAllister, James</td><td>Dentist</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">MacIntyre, R & Co</td><td>Paint manufacturers</td><td>Sydney St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Maclellan & Co</td><td>Bankers</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Magee & Co J T</td><td>Tinware</td><td><span class="spacedsingle"> " " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Magee Bros</td><td>Dry goods</td><td><span class="spacedsingle"> " " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Malcolm, Andrew</td><td>Grocer</td><td>South wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Manson, Jas.</td><td>Dry goods</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Maritime Warehousing & Dock Co.</td><td></td><td>Office, North Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Maritime Bank</td><td>Jas Domville, M.P., President</td><td>Mkt Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Maritime Insurance Co.</td><td>Office</td><td>Pr. Wm. St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td>Wm. Pugsley, Jr., Sec.</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Maritime Sewing Machine Co</td><td>F S Sharpe</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Marshall, Robt.</td><td>Insurance agent</td><td>Pr Wm St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Marsters, John F</td><td>Custom-house broker</td><td> " " "</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Martin, Wm.</td><td>Clothier</td><td>Dock</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Masters, A W</td><td>Oils, &c</td><td>Nelson</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Masters & Patterson</td><td>Provisions</td><td>South Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Maxwell, Elliott & Barclay</td><td>Shipsmiths</td><td>Nelson</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Maxwell, H & Sons</td><td>Lumber</td><td>Britain</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="tn_png_z229"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "May"-->May, Jas S</td><td>Tailor</td><td>Pr Wm St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McAndrews, Robt</td><td>Shoemaker</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McAndrews, R jr</td><td>Grocer</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 194 --><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194"></a>McArdle, Patk</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Pr Wm St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Macfee, Wm</td><td>Blacksmith</td><td>Ward St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McAvity, Thos & Son</td><td>Hardware</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McCafferty, Hugh</td><td>Liquors</td><td>North Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McAvenney, Dr A F</td><td>Dentist</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McCourt, Patrick</td><td>Merchant</td><td>North St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McCarthy, Timothy</td><td>Coal</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McSweeney, John</td><td>Shipowner</td><td>Office, Union St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McClure, Jas & Co</td><td>Photographers</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McConnell, Jas</td><td>Boots and shoes</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McCormack, Jas</td><td>Clothing</td><td>Ward St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McCulloch, H & H A</td><td>Dry goods</td><td>Mkt Sqr</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McDonough, M</td><td>Tailor</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McDougall, John</td><td>Cabinet-maker</td><td>Mill St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McFarlane, John R</td><td>Soap and candles</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McFeeters, W W</td><td>Clothier</td><td>Mkt Sqr</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McGivern, R P</td><td>Coal</td><td>North Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McGill, L</td><td>Shoes</td><td>Mill St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McCoskery, C A</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Pr Wm St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McGovern, W F</td><td>Hatter</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McInnes, J A</td><td>Tailor</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McKenzie & Scott</td><td>Stone cutters</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McLachlan, D & Sons</td><td>Boiler makers</td><td>York Point Slip</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McLauchlan, Chas & Son</td><td>Ship-brokers</td><td>Office, North Wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McLaughlan, D J</td><td>Commission</td><td>North Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McLean, Wm M</td><td>Ship-broker</td><td>Office, Peter's Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McLaren, L</td><td>Physician</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McLeod, Geo</td><td>Merchant</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McMann, L & Sons</td><td>W I goods</td><td>Smyth St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McManus, J N</td><td>Clothing</td><td>Mkt Sqr</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McMillan, J & A</td><td>Booksellers & stationers</td><td>Prince Wm St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Masonic Hall</td><td>Ritchie's build</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 195 --><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195"></a>McSorley, J</td><td>Groceries & liquors</td><td>Duke St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Melick, John</td><td>Ship-broker</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Meneley, W</td><td>Blockmaker</td><td>Ward St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Merritt, E M</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Merritt, Chas</td><td>Capitalist</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Miller, J O</td><td>Confectioner</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Milligan, J & R</td><td>Marble-cutters</td><td>King Sq</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Mills, Alf</td><td>Chronometers</td><td>Pr Wm St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Mitchell, John</td><td>Carver</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Mitchell, John</td><td>Boots & shoes</td><td>Pr Wm St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Moore, Wm</td><td>Painter</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Moore, Robt</td><td>Auctioneer</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Moore, Ellen</td><td>Milliner</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Morrisey, W C</td><td>Undertaker</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Morrisey, Patk</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Duke St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Morrison, Geo jr</td><td>Grocer</td><td>South Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Moulson, Jas</td><td>Grocer</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Moynehan, Daniel</td><td>Clothing</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Mullin, Bros</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Mullin, J J</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Mullin, John</td><td>Boots and shoes</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td><td>Liquors</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Munroe, John J</td><td>Trunks</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McGinley, W</td><td>Barber</td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McKillop & Johnston</td><td>Printers</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McKillop, John, & Co</td><td>Geo Em Allen, agent</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McLeod, Ezekiel</td><td>Official Assignee</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McAvity, John D</td><td>Grocer</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Muldoon, E</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Duke St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McDonald & Hatfield</td><td>Clothiers</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">McAleer, Mrs</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Duke St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Michaels, M</td><td>Tobacconist</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Major, Wm</td><td>Toys</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 196 --><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196"></a>Nash, Thos</td><td>Ærated waters</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">New Brunswick Paper Co</td><td>T P Davies, manager</td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Nicholson, J W</td><td>Wines</td><td>Robertson Place</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Nicoud, Simon</td><td>Jeweller</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Nixon, Geo</td><td>Glass and paperhangings</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Noble, Geo A</td><td>Boot-maker</td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Notman, W & J</td><td>Photographers</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Normansell, H S</td><td>Victualler</td><td>Duke St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">O'Brien, Richard</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">O'Gorman, John</td><td>Groceries and liquors</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Olive, W H</td><td>Ticket agent</td><td>Office, Prince Wm St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">O'Regan, Chas</td><td>Ship broker</td><td>Office, South Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">O'Connor, T J</td><td>Boarding-house</td><td>South Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Osgood, S P</td><td>Marble-worker</td><td>King Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Oulton, Bros</td><td>Ship-broker</td><td>Office, Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Oddfellows' Hall</td><td> </td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Odell, Mrs</td><td>Fancy boxes</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">O'Hara, Chas</td><td>Barber</td><td>Mill St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Provincial Building Society</td><td>C W Wetmore, Pres</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Paddock, M V</td><td>Drugs</td><td>Mill St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Partelow, C J</td><td>Liquors</td><td>South Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Partelow, G L</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Ward St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Patterson, W H</td><td>Jeweller</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Patton Bros</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Patton, Danl</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Peiler, E & Bro</td><td>Piano dealers</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Pengilly, T M</td><td>Drugs</td><td><span class="spacedsingle"> " " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="tn_png_z232"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "Pengilly"-->Pengilly</td><td>Oil-clothes</td><td><span class="spacedsingle"> " " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 197 --><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197"></a>Percival, Purchase & Co</td><td>Fancy goods</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Peters, Albert</td><td>Tanner</td><td>Britain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Peters, Thos W</td><td>Capitalist</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Phillips, Miss S</td><td>Hair worker</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Philps, Geo</td><td>Banker</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Potter, C E</td><td>Painter</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Potts, J W</td><td>Grocer</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Powers, M N</td><td>Undertaker</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Powers, Stephen</td><td>Liquor</td><td>Mill St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Price, James</td><td>Tailor</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Prichard & Son</td><td>Iron</td><td>Merritt's wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Pullen, James H</td><td>Painter</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Purchase, Wm</td><td>Watchmaker</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Provincial Ins Co</td><td>H H Reeve, agent</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Pattison, Geo</td><td>Tinsmith</td><td>Church St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Purdy, Wm H</td><td>Shipowner</td><td>Maritime Bank</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Quick, Augustus</td><td>Ship Chandler</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Quinn, P J</td><td>Dry goods</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Quinn, Wm</td><td>Blocks</td><td>Britain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Rankine, Thos & Sons</td><td>Bakery</td><td>Mill St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ranney, H R</td><td>Insurance</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Reeve, H H</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ray, Chas R</td><td>Agent</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Raymond, Thos F</td><td>Royal Hotel</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Redmond, P C</td><td>Clothier</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Reid, Miss Kate</td><td>Boarding</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Reed, J & R</td><td>Shipowners</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Reed, Thos. M</td><td>Drugs</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Richardson, Alex & Co</td><td>Saw manufacturers</td><td>Union St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ring, Z</td><td>Shipowner</td><td>Maritime Bank</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ring, Allan M</td><td>Homoeopathic Phys</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Rising, Wm</td><td>Grocer</td><td>South wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 198 --><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198"></a>Risk, John</td><td>Broker</td><td>Nelson St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Richards, John</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Roberts, D V</td><td>Ship chandler</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Robertson, C A</td><td>Livery Stables</td><td>King's Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Rodgers, James</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Robertson & Corbett</td><td>Grocers, retl</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Robertson, D D & Co</td><td>Ship brokers</td><td>Smyth St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Robertson, Geo</td><td>Whs grocer</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Robertson, Le Baron</td><td>Cigars</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Robertson, R & Son</td><td>Sailmakers, &c</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Robinson, C & Co</td><td>Undertakers</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Robinson, C E</td><td>Shipbroker</td><td>Reed's Point</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Robinson, T. W.</td><td>Salt, W I Goods</td><td>Union St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Roop, John</td><td>Sailmaker</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ross, John</td><td>Saloon</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Rogers, John</td><td>Tailor</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ring, G Fred</td><td>Commission</td><td>Maritime Bank</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Rowan, Archd</td><td>Gasfitter</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ruggles, St Clair</td><td>Grocer</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Runciman, John</td><td>Gasfitter</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Rural Cemetery Co</td><td>G Sidney Smith, Sec</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Russell, J H</td><td>Hotel</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Rolph, A P</td><td>Agent</td><td>Duke St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">St John Gas Light Co</td><td>A Blair, Pres</td><td>Carmarthen St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span>Halifax Lithograph Co</td><td>L D Clark, Manager</td><td>Church St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span>Mutual Ins Co</td><td>O D Wetmore, Sec</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span>Building Soc</td><td>C N Skinner, Pres</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span>Board of Trade</td><td>S J King, Sec</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Salmon, Geo</td><td>Variety</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Sancton, G F</td><td>Tugboats</td><td>Office, Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Salmon & Cameron</td><td>Photos</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Scammell Bros</td><td>Ship-brokers</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 199 --><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199"></a>Scammell, C E, & Co</td><td>Ship chandlers</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Schofield & Beer</td><td>Produce</td><td>Walker's Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Schofield, Samuel</td><td>Ship owner</td><td>Office, Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Scott & Binning</td><td>Dry Goods</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Scott, Geo A</td><td>Provisions & groceries</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Scott, T A</td><td>Saloon</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Seely, A McL</td><td>Merchant</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Seely, D J</td><td>Comm, etc</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Sharkey, P & Son</td><td>Clothiers</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Sharp & Co</td><td>Dry Goods</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Sharp, Laban L</td><td>Jeweller</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Sheraton & Skinner</td><td>Carpets</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Skinner, F S</td><td>Grocer</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Small & Hatheway</td><td>Steamboats</td><td>Office, Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Small's Hall</td><td> </td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Smith, A Chipman</td><td>Drugs</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Smith, Geo F & Co</td><td>Ship chandlers</td><td>North Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Smith, H R</td><td>Bookseller</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Smith, Wm</td><td>Ship-smith</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Snider, G E</td><td>Auctioneer</td><td>Robertson Place</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Sparrow, Geo</td><td>Saloon</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Spence, W A</td><td>Hay</td><td>York Point Slip</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Stafford, Jno W</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Ward St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Spring Hill Mining Co</td><td>Coal</td><td>Office, Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Starr, R P & W F</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td><td>Smyth St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Steeves Bros</td><td>Merchants</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Stephens & Figgures</td><td>Grocers</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Stephenson & McGibbon</td><td>Lumber</td><td>Office, North Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Stephenson & McLean</td><td>Provisions, etc</td><td>North Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Stephenson, Robt</td><td>Boots and shoes</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Stewart, Geo, jr</td><td>Chemist</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 200 --><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200"></a>Spencer & Wortman</td><td>Patent Medicines</td><td>Church St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Stewart, John</td><td>Grocer</td><td>Carmarthen St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Stewart, Luke</td><td>Shipbroker</td><td>North wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="tn_png_z236"></a><!--TN: Space added after "Stewart"-->Stewart, Robt</td><td>Toys</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Stewart & White</td><td>Furniture and <a name="tn_png_z236a"></a><!--TN: "Auctioners" changed to "Auctioneers"-->Auctioneers</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Storey, J K</td><td>Dry Goods</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Strang, Saml</td><td>Commission</td><td>South wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Street, A L B</td><td>Wines</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Suffren, Geo</td><td>Jewelry</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Sweeney, John</td><td>Boots & Shoes</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Swift & Johnson</td><td>Painters</td><td>Church St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Saunders, James</td><td>Boots and shoes</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Street, W W</td><td>Stadacona Ins Co</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Temperance Hall</td><td> </td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Talbert, A J</td><td>Dry Goods</td><td>Dock St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Taylor Bros</td><td>Shipowners</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Taylor & Dockrill</td><td>Grocers</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Taylor J M</td><td>Commission</td><td>North wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Tennant, R H B</td><td>Shirt mfr</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Thomas, Geo</td><td>Shipbroker</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Thomas, Geo E</td><td>Adjuster</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Thompson, G F & Sons</td><td>Paint mfrs</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Thompson, Richd</td><td>Fancy goods</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Thomson, Wm & Co</td><td>Shipbrokers</td><td>Smyth Street</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Thorne, W H & Co</td><td>Hardware</td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Thurgar & Russell</td><td>Liquors</td><td>North wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Tippett, A P</td><td>Manufacturers' agent</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Toll, James</td><td>Fisherman</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Troop & McLauchlan</td><td>Ship chandlers</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Troop & Son</td><td>Ship owners</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Trueman, James</td><td>Grocer</td><td>South wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Tufts, Francis</td><td>Provisions, &c</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 201 --><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201"></a>Tufts, H K</td><td>Boots & shoes</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Tufts, Samuel</td><td>Grocer</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Turnbull & Co</td><td>Flour, &c</td><td>Ward St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Turnbull, J E</td><td>Sash factory</td><td>Main St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Turner, James D</td><td>Oysters</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Turner, Joshua S</td><td>Fruit</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Thompson, Mrs Annie</td><td>Boarding house</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Travers, B</td><td>Physician</td><td>Sydney St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Valpey, J H</td><td>Shoe mfr</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Vassie, Jno & Co</td><td>Dry Goods whs</td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Vaughan & Donovan</td><td>Boots & shoes</td><td>Princess St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Vaughan, J R</td><td>Boots & shoes</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Venning, J H</td><td>Engraver</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Vroom & Arnold</td><td>Ship-brokers</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Ward, Wm M</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Walker, Jno & Co</td><td>Ship chandlers</td><td>Walker's wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Walton, Wm</td><td>Crockery</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Waterbury, Wm</td><td>Hardware</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Waterhouse, L H</td><td>Coal</td><td>North wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Watson, A C</td><td>Fruit</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Watson, W C</td><td>Shipbroker</td><td>Nelson St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Watson, W H</td><td>Groceries & liquors</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Watson & Co</td><td>Books</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Watts & Turner</td><td>Dry Goods</td><td>Market Square</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Webb, W E</td><td>Cordage</td><td>Smyth St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Welch, Richd</td><td>Tailor</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Wetzell, R</td><td>Ice-dealer</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Walsh, M & Son</td><td>Boots & shoes</td><td>Reed's Pt</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><a name="tn_png_z239"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "Wetmore"-->Wetmore, C W</td><td>Broker</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">White, G & V S</td><td>Merchants</td><td>North wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">White, James E</td><td>Stock broker</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">White, Thos</td><td>Confectioner</td><td>Germain St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"><!-- Page 202 --><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202"></a>White & Slipp</td><td>Flour</td><td>North wharf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Wheeler, Miss</td><td>Boarding</td><td>Charlotte St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">White & Titus</td><td>Flour, etc</td><td>North Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Whiting, G H</td><td>Agent</td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Whiting, W J</td><td>Flour, etc</td><td>South Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Warn, Wm & Son</td><td>Barbers</td><td>King St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Willis, E, & Co</td><td>Paper Collar Manufs</td><td>Canterbury St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Willis & Mott</td><td>"Morning News"</td><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " "</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Wilson, Gilmour & Co</td><td>Mantels</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Wilson, J N</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Church St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Wisdom & Fish</td><td>Machinery</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Wishart, John</td><td>Merchant</td><td>Walker's Whf</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Wetmore, E J</td><td>Flock Manuf</td><td>North St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Wills & Rubins</td><td>Ship-smiths</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Woodworth, J L</td><td>Agent Mispeck Mills</td><td><span class="spacedsingle">"</span></td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Weiscoff, Jacob</td><td>Liquors</td><td>Prince William St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Walker, Thos</td><td>Physician</td><td>Princess St.</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;"> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Young, Adam</td><td>Stoves</td><td>Water St</td></tr> +<tr><td style="vertical-align: top;">Yeats, A, & Sons</td><td>Iron</td><td>Union St + +</table> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 203 --><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XVI" id="CHAPTER_XVI"></a>CHAPTER XVI.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The <a name="tn_png_z241a"></a><!--TN: "Oddfellows" changed to "Odd Fellows" to match Table of Contents-->Odd Fellows and the Fire—Relief Committee at Work—Searching out +the Destitute Brethren—Helping the Sufferers—The Secret Distribution +of Aid—List of Donations.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">The</span> Society of Oddfellows is a Mutual Relief Association, +one of the first duties of its members being to search out +worthy and distressed brethren, and relieve their necessities. +The member who neglects to carry out this noble +principle, violates his obligation. The order has obtained +a strong foothold in the city, and many benevolent +men have joined it that they might thereby be +actively instrumental in doing good to their fellowmen. +The brother who suffers, and whose family requires +assistance meets with no obstacle in his way, for a +liberal hand almost as unseen as those blessings which +come to us disguised, is near, he receives the offerings +of his companions, not as charity, but as his <a name="tn_png_z241"></a><!--TN: Period added after "due"-->due. +He is an Oddfellow, and that talismanic word is all +sufficient. In <i>his</i> time he had helped many. When his +turn comes the same rule is observed. The mode of giving +relief is twice blessed. It is done in secret, and without +ostentatious parade. No member ever deems his spirit +crushed when he takes aid like this to his family. And +no widow, however proud, thinks for a moment that she +is accepting alms, when her immediate and other wants +are supplied from the "Widows' and Orphans'" Fund. So<!-- Page 204 --><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204"></a> +anxious are the members to have it thoroughly understood +that the aid that is given is not that which is known as +charity by the outside world, but is the legitimate due of +the Oddfellow, that it is expressly laid down, that no +member, however well circumstanced he may be, can refuse +the sums which are from time to time placed at his +disposal. If he be sick he receives weekly a sick benefit +allowance. This he is bound to take. He may if he +choose, it is true, donate it back to any fund he likes, but +it is preferred that this should not occur. In addition to +money benefits the order provides something else which is +more enduring than money, and which cannot be bought +at any price. The member is no sooner sick than he finds +a warm-hearted brother by his side, eagerly trying to interpret +his wants, and perform some little act of kindness +that may perhaps assuage his pain for a time. In a +hundred ways this excellent society does good. The distressed +are relieved, the sick are watched over, and the +dead are buried. Where it is necessary, the brethren sit +up during the night with the patient, and in a thousand +ways the good work goes on.</p> + +<p>Up to the present time no calamity has disturbed the +prosperity of the Order in the Province. Indeed, on the +contrary, its career has been wonderfully successful. The +different lodges have grown prosperous, and the two principal +funds, the "Widows' and Orphans'," and the "sick +benefit," have for some time had quite a respectable balance +at their banker's. These still remain intact, and are +held strictly in trust to enable the ends of the society to<!-- Page 205 --><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205"></a> +be carried out when required. The recent fire, of course, +destroyed a considerable amount of the property belonging +to the organization; but the actual suffering was confined +to the private members of the order. Many of these +endured great hardships, and met with reverses of no +ordinary kind. Men who had all their lives helped others, +now found themselves in a moment dependent on their +friends for relief for pressing needs. They had saved nothing +from the burning, and some of them who were insured +had trusted to offices which went down with the +general crash. The result was immediately apparent. Something +had to be done and at once. Their distressed and +harassed members must be relieved. The whole tenets +of the order demanded this. The common humanity +which dwells in the hearts of so many members cried out +to the afflicted ones, "Your loss is ours; we are ready to +divide with you." A meeting of the leading members +was had on the 22nd June, at the Oddfellow's Hall, Town +of Portland, and steps were taken for the administration +of immediate relief. The same spirit which actuated the +brethren here seemed to prompt the members abroad to +deeds which can never be forgotten while a Lodge or an +Encampment exists. The chairman of the meeting, D. +D. G. M. Murdoch, on the evening of Friday, announced to +the assembly that the Lodge in Moncton had generously +contributed $25, and asked to be drawn on to the extent +of one hundred dollars, and Brother White, of Bangor, +had forwarded the handsome sum of three hundred dollars, +and offered more if needed. Offers of assistance came<!-- Page 206 --><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206"></a> +from Boston, Chicago and elsewhere. These tidings were +received with great joy by the members. They knew now +of the sympathy which was felt for them abroad, and +their first duty was the organization of an Executive Committee. +This was done on motion of Bro. Vradenburgh +and one member from each Lodge, and the Encampment +were appointed such Committee. These were N. G. McClure, +of "Siloam," N. G., Court of "Peerless," N. G., +Torrance, of "Beacon," N. G., Hea, of "Pioneer," and +Henry Hilyard, chairman of Portland Town Council, of +the Encampment, together with Bros. Gilbert Murdoch, +and Rev. G. M. W. Carey. A sub-committee was subsequently +appointed on the recommendation of Bros. Vradenburgh +and Kilpatrick, whose duties it would be to seek +out and report to the Executive Committee any brother +they found to be in distress. This Committee was very +judiciously selected, and comprised the following gentlemen: +R. R. Barnes, James Byers and J. Rubbins, for +Beacon Lodge; H. A. Vradenburgh, W. A. Moore, and Alex. +Duff, for Peerless Lodge; F. Barnes, Hamon and A. J. Smith, +for Siloam Lodge; and John E. Hughes, J. A. Paul, and +Jos. Wilson, for Pioneer Lodge. Action was then taken on +the telegrams received, and a committee was appointed to +attend to the replying of the same, and the transmission +of the thanks of the St. John Oddfellows to their brethren +in the United States and Canada.</p> + +<p>The Executive and sub-Committees held a meeting +immediately after the session of the General Body, and +the following officers were appointed: D. D. G. M. Gilbert<!-- Page 207 --><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207"></a> +Murdoch, Chairman; R. Radford Barnes, Treasurer; and +John E. Hughes, Secretary. The meeting then adjourned, +and all future sessions of committee were ordered to take +place in Room No. 9, Park Hotel, where the three heads of +the Department of Relief would hold daily meetings, receive +reports, and supply all assistance needed by the +brethren. The system has worked admirably. The +greatest secrecy has been observed, and no one outside of +the Committee know even the names of the brethren who +are being helped in the hour of need. The greatest care is +being exercised in searching out distress, and no one can +ever tell the immense amount of good which this society +is doing. Relief from Lodges and brethren continue to +come in rapidly, and all moneys are deposited in Maclellan +& Co.'s banking house, and subject to withdrawal by +check. Up to this time, Aug. 20th, the following sums +have been received.—</p> + + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="Sums Received"> +<tr><td width="70%">Moncton, N.B., Prince Albert Lodge</td><td align="right" width="30%">$100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bangor, Maine, Oddfellows</td><td align="right">400 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Boston, Mass, Howard Lodge</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Charlottetown, P. E. I.</td><td align="right">250 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Summerside, P. E. I., Prince Edward Lodge</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Fredericton, N.B., Victoria Lodge</td><td align="right">320 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ontario, Grand Lodge, per J. B. King</td><td align="right">400 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Cannington, Ontario, Peaceful Hope Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Pictou, N.S., Eastern Star Lodge</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Memphis, Tenn.</td><td align="right">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 208 --><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208"></a>Chicago, Ill.</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Montreal, Quebec, Mizpah Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Haverhill, Maine, Mutual Relief Lodge</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Oldtown, Maine, Torratine Lodge</td><td align="right">115 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dover, Maine, Kineo Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Brampton, Ontario, Golden Star Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Portland, Maine, Oddfellows</td><td align="right">487 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Oshawa, Ontario, Corinthian Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chicago, Ill., Northern Light Lodge</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Portland, N.B., Peerless Lodge</td><td align="right">140 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Stratford, Ontario, Aaron Lodge</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Granville Ferry, N.S., Guiding Star Lodge</td><td align="right">30 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Goderich, Ontario, Huron Lodge</td><td align="right">80 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Spring Hill, N.S., Eureka Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Petitcodiac, N.B., E. J. Ritchie</td><td align="right">1 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Woonsocket, R. I., Palestine Encampment</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lewiston, Maine, Golden Rule Lodge</td><td align="right">125 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Belleville, Ontario, Belleville Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Stellarton, N.S., Fuller Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Vale Colliery, N.S., Moore Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Staynor, Ontario, North Star Lodge</td><td align="right">30 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Eureka, California, Humboldt Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Toronto, Canada Lodge</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Rhode Island, per J. F. Driscoll</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>St. Catharines, Ont., Union Lodge</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +</table> + + +<h4>SUPPLIES.</h4> +<table align="center" style="margin-top:.7em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="Supplies"> +<tr><td>Charlottetown, P. E. I., Bedding and Provisions.</td></tr> +<tr><td>Portland, Maine, 4 cases Clothing</td></tr> +</table> + + +<hr style="width: 10%;"> +<h3 style="padding-bottom:1em;">LIST OF DONATIONS.</h3> + + +<h4>MONEY RECEIVED.</h4> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="Money Received"> + +<tr><td width="70%">Amherst, N S</td><td align="right" width="30%">$500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 209 --><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209"></a>Augusta, Me</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Annapolis, N S</td><td align="right">554 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Accident Ins Co, Canada</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Aberfoyle, Ontario</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Armstrong, Ed (New York)</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Albert Mines, N B</td><td align="right">115 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ayer, Ontario</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Attleboro', Mass, Methodist S School</td><td align="right">15 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Arichat, N S</td><td align="right">367 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Boston</td><td align="right">5000 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Boston Felt-roofing Co</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bank of British North America</td><td align="right">2433 33</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bathurst, N B</td><td align="right">400 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Brantford, Ont</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Brockville, Ont</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bath, Me</td><td align="right">1300 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Bayside, St Andrews, N B</td><td align="right">90 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Brockville, Midland Counties</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Brookville, N S</td><td align="right">5 23</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bell, Mr., Dublin, Ireland</td><td align="right">486 67</td></tr> +<tr><td>Boardman, Gorham, New York</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Boynton High School Children, Eastport, Me</td><td align="right">2 38</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Bangor, Me</td><td align="right">7000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Beveridge, B. & Sons, Andover, N B</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bridgetown, N S</td><td align="right">393 92</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bridgetown, Me., Congregational Church</td><td align="right">14 65</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bowmanville, Ont</td><td align="right">300 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Beder, S, New York</td><td align="right">4 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bucksport, Me</td><td align="right">320 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Billing, W W, New London, Conn</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Burt & Henshaw, Boston</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Buffalo Board of Trade</td><td align="right">332 68</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Buffalo School Children</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Borgan, Capt, ship "Tros"</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 210 --><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210"></a>Baltimore, Md</td><td align="right">541 97</td></tr> +<tr><td>Boston, Theatre Benefit</td><td align="right">886 03</td></tr> +<tr><td>Belfast, Me</td><td align="right">524 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bowman, J L, Brownsville, Penn</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Blanchard, Chas, Truro, N S</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Boyd, John E, Three Rivers, Quebec</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Baird, John, & Co's Employes, Alamonte</td><td align="right">13 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Berlin, Ontario</td><td align="right">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chicago Union Stock Yards</td><td align="right">1200 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Chicago Clearing House</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chicago Produce Exchange</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chicago Board of Trade</td><td align="right">5274 10</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chicago City</td><td align="right">10,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Charlottetown, P E I</td><td align="right">5000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Canning, N S</td><td align="right">279 90</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Clarke, Dodge & Co, N Y</td><td align="right">250 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Canada Screw Co, Dundas, Ont</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Canada Life Ins Co</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Crerar, Capt W G, Pictou, N S</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Carleton County Council, N B.</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Clarke, Ontario, Municipality of</td><td align="right">400 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Campbell, J W, Chicago, Ill</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Commercial Union Ins Co</td><td align="right">2500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Citizen's Hose Co, St Catharines, Ont</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Carmody, Rev Canon, Windsor, N S</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Caton, Judge, Ottawa, Ill</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Campbellton, N B</td><td align="right">147 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Clifton, Ont</td><td align="right">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chatham, N B</td><td align="right">700 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Crain, Marshall, Brunswick, Me</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chatham, Ont</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chatham, Ont, Masonic Concert</td><td align="right">169 18</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Clinton, Me, Masonic Service</td><td align="right">53 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Cornwall, Ont</td><td align="right">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 211 --><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211"></a>Dominion Government</td><td align="right">20,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dorchester, N B</td><td align="right">615 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Digby, N S</td><td align="right">700 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dalhousie, N B</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Dublin, Lord Mayor of</td><td align="right">486 67</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dover, Me</td><td align="right">245 75</td></tr> +<tr><td>Detroit, Mich</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dominion Organ Co, Bowmanville, Ont</td><td align="right">102 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dungannon, Ont., Orangemen</td><td align="right">29 10</td></tr> +<tr><td>Elliot National Bank, Boston</td><td align="right">647 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Eldon, Ont</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Fredericton, N B</td><td align="right">8000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Fuller & Fuller, Chicago</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Flanagan, R J, Newcastle, N B</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Fredericton Lime Rock Church</td><td align="right">24 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Fowler J & G, Charlottetown, P E I</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Fox J J, Magdalen Islands, per J V Ellis</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Galt, Ont</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Guelph, Ont</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Garringe, Wm, Chicago</td><td align="right">4 25</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Glasgow, Scotland</td><td align="right">14,600 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Grand Rapids "friend"</td><td align="right">1 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Guysborough, N S</td><td align="right">121 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Grace Church, Detroit, Mich</td><td align="right">97 42</td></tr> +<tr><td>Gloucester, Mass</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Grey County Council, Ont</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Galt Churches</td><td align="right">674 17</td></tr> +<tr><td>Grant, Capt I I F, Bermuda</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Halifax, N S Bay</td><td align="right">1 08</td></tr> +<tr><td>Halifax, N S</td><td align="right">10,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hawson, John Gloucester</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hallowell</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Hamilton, Ont</td><td align="right">13,900 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hamilton, C C, Cornwallis, N S</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 212 --><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212"></a>Harvey N B</td><td align="right">15 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Halifax Garrison</td><td align="right">564 71</td></tr> +<tr><td>House of Commons, Ottawa</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>House of Commons Clerks</td><td align="right">150 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Harrington Methodist E C, Me</td><td align="right">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Howe Scale Co</td><td align="right">250 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hillsboro, N B</td><td align="right">60 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Haldimand</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hartford, Conn</td><td align="right">42 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Imperial Fire Ins Co</td><td align="right">2433 33</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Johnson, John C,</td><td align="right">250 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>International Mines, N S</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Kingston, Ont</td><td align="right">1584 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Knox Church, Hamilton Ont</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Knox Church, Woodstock, N B</td><td align="right">185 25</td></tr> +<tr><td>Liverpool, England</td><td align="right">14,600 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>London, Ont</td><td align="right">5000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lawrence, Mass</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Liverpool, N S</td><td align="right">819 27</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lynn, Ont, Presbyterian Church</td><td align="right">20 20</td></tr> +<tr><td>Londonderry, N S</td><td align="right">15 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lincoln Methodist E Church</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Lincoln, Me</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Louisburg, C B</td><td align="right">27 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lawrencetown, "from a friend"</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lewiston, Me</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Meahan, T, Boston</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Moncton, N B</td><td align="right">1300 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Mount Vernon, Iowa, "friend"</td><td align="right">1 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Malden, Mass Congregational Church,</td><td align="right">15 26</td></tr> +<tr><td>Maritime Association, New York</td><td align="right">6800 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Manchester, England</td><td align="right">3660 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Magee, Thos, Baie Verte</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mongaup Valley N Y, per Rev. W Ferrie</td><td align="right">33 30</td></tr> + +<tr><td><!-- Page 213 --><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213"></a>McIntosh, J S, Boston</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>McLean, Rev. James, Londonderry, N S</td><td align="right">2 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>New York, Providence and Stonington Line</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>New York</td><td align="right">8500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Newcastle and Douglastown, N B</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>North Sydney</td><td align="right">400 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>New Haven Chamber of Commerce</td><td align="right">823 76</td></tr> +<tr><td>Nutting, G. S. Newton Mass</td><td align="right">1 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>New Glasgow, N S</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>North British and Mercantile Ins Co</td><td align="right">2433 33</td></tr> +<tr><td>New Bedford, Mass</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>New York Stock Exchange</td><td align="right">772 50</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Norwich, Ontario</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Nantucket Women</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Odell, D S, Eastport, Me</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ottawa Custom House Officials</td><td align="right">180 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Orillia, St James' Church</td><td align="right">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Oak Park, Chicago, Ill</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Philadelphia</td><td align="right">5500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Parrsboro, N S</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Portland, Maine</td><td align="right">6000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Peterboro', Ontario</td><td align="right">3124 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Palmer & Embury, New York</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Paris, Ontario</td><td align="right">600 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Pictou, N S</td><td align="right">1232 46</td></tr> +<tr><td>Port Hope, Ontario</td><td align="right">1034 20</td></tr> +<tr><td>Port Latour, N S</td><td align="right">68 27</td></tr> +<tr><td>Portsmouth, N.H</td><td align="right">697 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Peel County Council, Ontario</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Rogers, J H, Boston</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Rice, N W & Co, Boston</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Richibucto, N B</td><td align="right">410 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Rosamond Woollen Co</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Raymond, Percy J, Hebron, Yarmouth</td><td align="right">1 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td><!-- Page 214 --><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214"></a>River John, Pictou Co, N S</td><td align="right">381 50</td></tr> +<tr><td>Rogers' Hill, N S</td><td align="right">40 36</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sarnia, Ontario</td><td align="right">1050 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>St Andrews, N B</td><td align="right">650 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sayer & Co, Cognac, France</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Sackville, N B</td><td align="right">312 58</td></tr> +<tr><td>Smith, Mrs M W, Ipswich, Mass</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sherbrooke, Ont</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>St George, N B</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Summerside, P E I</td><td align="right">1500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>St Thomas, Ontario</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>San Francisco, "Caledonia Club"</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>San Francisco</td><td align="right">5600 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Salem, Mass</td><td align="right">770 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>St Catharines, Ont</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sargent Ignatius, Machias, Me</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Springhill Mines</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Sternberg, J H, Penn</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Shediac, N B, Amateur Comedy Club</td><td align="right">11 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>St Martin's, N B</td><td align="right">302 62</td></tr> +<tr><td>St Clements, Annapolis</td><td align="right">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Springfield, Mass, Children</td><td align="right">14 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Storer & Son, Glasgow, Scotland</td><td align="right">121 76</td></tr> + +<tr><td>St Matthew's Church, Quebec</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Stratford, Ontario</td><td align="right">564 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sons of Temperance, Detroit, Michigan</td><td align="right">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Toronto, Ontario</td><td align="right">20,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Truro, N S</td><td align="right">2000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Todd, Edw & Co, per J & A McMillan</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Trites, J S, Sussex, N B</td><td align="right">8 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Thurlow F, per A C Smith</td><td align="right">85 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Titus, Erastus</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Telegraph Operator, St John</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Thamesville</td><td align="right">2 00</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 215 --><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215"></a>Uniacke, R J, Annapolis, N S</td><td align="right">36 20</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Victoria Municipality, N B</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>"Valley City" Lodge I O O F, Dundas, Ontario</td><td align="right">105 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Whitby, Ontario</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Williston, Edward, Newcastle, N B</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Windsor, N S</td><td align="right">4287 32</td></tr> +<tr><td>Woodstock, N B</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td><span class="spacedquotes"> " " </span>Methodist Church</td><td align="right">30 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>W C B & G H F, Custom House, Ottawa</td><td align="right">2 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Weymouth East, N S Congregational Sunday School</td><td align="right">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Welland Co, Ontario</td><td align="right">600 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Westmoreland Coal Company, Philadelphia</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Walker, J & Co, Montreal</td><td align="right">250 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wilkins, Judge, of Nova Scotia</td><td align="right">80 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wentworth Co, Ontario</td><td align="right">1000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Waterloo Council</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Walker & Sons, Hiram</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Yarmouth, N S</td><td align="right">836 73</td></tr> +<tr><td>York County Council, Ontario</td><td align="right">3000 00</td></tr> +</table> + + +<h4 class="smcap" style="margin-right:10%;margin-left:10%">Sent to Messrs. Daniel & Boyd for Distribution.</h4> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="Donations Sent to Daniel & Boyd"> +<tr><td width="70%">W W Turnbull, Esq, St John,</td><td align="right" width="30%">$200</td></tr> + +<tr><td>G N Vanwart, Esq, Woodstock</td><td align="right">100</td></tr> +<tr><td>Daniel Hawkesworth, Esq, Digby</td><td align="right">20</td></tr> +<tr><td>B Rosamond, Esq, Almonte, Ont.</td><td align="right">50</td></tr> +<tr><td>Messrs. Loch & Co., New York</td><td align="right">50</td></tr> +<tr><td>Messrs. James McLaren Nephews, Manchester</td><td align="right">£100 Stg</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Messrs. Marshall & Aston, Manchester</td><td align="right">50 Stg</td></tr> +</table> + + +<h4 class="smcap" style="margin-right:10%;margin-left:10%">Sent to John Boyd, Esq, for Distribution.</h4> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="Donations Sent to Boyd"> +<tr><td width="70%">James H Moran, Esq, St John,</td><td align="right" width="30%">$100</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hon. Isaac Burpee,</td><td align="right">100</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Thos. Furlong, Esq,</td><td align="right">50</td></tr> +<tr><td>Canada Life Assurance Co.</td><td align="right">500</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 216 --><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216"></a>Thomas Nelson & Son, Edinburgh</td><td align="right">£50 Stg</td></tr> +<tr><td>This last through Dr. Rand, for teachers</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td>Clothing from St Andrews Church, Montreal, by Rev. Gavin Lang, value</td><td align="right">$280</td></tr> +<tr><td>George Sloane, Esq, New York</td><td align="right">U S C 50</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Sent to Thos. Maclellan, Esq, from the Upper Canada +Bible Society, the Scriptures to the value of</td><td align="right">500</td></tr> +<tr><td>Liberal offers of books were sent to J & A McMillan, to +form the nucleus of a public library, from the publishing houses of Belford Bros, Toronto; Harper & Bros, +New York.</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td>I Atwood Barnes, of New Haven, Conn, sends through Gen. Warner</td><td align="right">29</td></tr> +<tr><td>Capt. Ezekiel Jones, of Baltimore, sends by Thos S Adams,</td><td align="right">50</td></tr> +<tr><td>From Charlotte Co, N B, Bocabec, $41 75, Elmville, +Dig'deguash, $21 40, Bay Side, $41 10, Waweig, $16.</td><td align="right">120</td></tr> + +<tr><td>W & T Spink, Duffin's Creek, Ont, send through Hall & +Fairweather</td><td align="right">50</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mrs A Robinson, of Fredericton Junction, on behalf of +the ladies of that place sends, through Everitt & Butler, +a parcel of children's underclothing.</td><td> </td></tr> +</table> + + + +<h3>SUPPLIES RECEIVED.</h3> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="Supplies Received"> +<tr><td width="80%">Amherst, N S, Supplies to value of</td><td align="right" width="30%">$600 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Annapolis, N S, Supplies</td><td align="right">742 37</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">"Argus" H M S, by order of Admiral, provisions</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Adams, Mrs Robt, Fall River, N Y, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Alberton, P E I, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Andover, N B, provisions</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Andrews, A A, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Avard, Wm, Botsford, N B, pork</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Boston, Per "Gallatin" 2 cargoes supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"><!-- Page 217 --><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217"></a>Boston, Per W S MacFarlane, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"><span class="spacedsingle">" </span>Per Schr "G. G. Jewett," supplies, clothing, blankets.</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Burnham & Morrill, Portland, Me, provisions</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Barnard, E A & Sons, Calais, Me, provisions</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Burns & Murray, Halifax, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Bridgetown, N S, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Bangor, Me, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Beals, Thos P, Portland, Me, spring-beds</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Beer, E & W, Charlottetown, P E I, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Boston, Y M C A, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Billings & Wetmore, tea</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Blouchard, Chas, Truro, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Bowmanville Ladies, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Baird, John & Co, Almonte, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Bowmanville, Ontario, 1 case clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> +<tr><td><a name="tn_png_z257"></a>Chicago Union Stockyards supplies to amount</td><td align="right">3000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Charlottetown, P E I, supplies and clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Charlottetown, P E I, ladies, 2 cases clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Cummings, Wm & Sons, Truro, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Calkin, B H, Kentville, N S, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Christian Temperance Union, Moncton, N B, three cases clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Cowdry, E T & Co, Boston, Mass, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">County Line, P E I, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Christie, Brown & Co, Toronto, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Campbellton, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Coats, J P, Chicago, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Chatham, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Cambridge Queen's Co, N B, 47 Blankets</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Crawford, Jas, & Co, Toronto, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Dorchester, N B supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Derring, Milliken & Co, Portland, Me, two cases blankets</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Digby, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Darling, Adam, Montreal, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"><!-- Page 218 --><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218"></a>Dover, Me, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Ellsworth, Me, ladies seven packages clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Fredericton, N B, two cases cooked provisions</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Fredericton, ladies, five cases clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Fredericton, N B, large quantities supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Fletcher & Co, Portland, Me, provisions</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Galbraith, Christie & Co, Toronto, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"> </td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Halifax, N S, 2525 blankets</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Halifax, N S, large quantities supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Halifax, N S, 50 stoves</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Halifax, N S, ladies' committee, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Humphreys, N, Petitcodiac, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Herritt, T, <span class="spacedquotes"> " " </span>supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Heney, A, New York, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Hampton, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Hallowell, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Harris, J & C, Moncton, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Hay, R & Co, Toronto, carload bedsteads</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Hillsborough, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Harvey, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Howe Spring Bed Co, New York, 50 beds</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Jennings & Clay, Halifax, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Jones, D F, & Co, Gananoque, Ont, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Jodoin & Co, Montreal, 15 stoves</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Kentville, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Lockport, N S, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Lewis, J T, & Co, Portland, Me, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Lawrencetown, N S, 29 packages clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Lawrencetown, N S, J W James, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Leavitt, F A, Portland, Me, one tent</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Leath & Gore, Portland, Me, 16 boxes soap</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Londonderry, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"><!-- Page 219 --><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219"></a>Lewis, W N, Boston, one gross liniment</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Lukeman, John R, Salem, Mass, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Lugsden, J & J, Toronto, 25 straw hats</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Moncton, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Montreal, per Hon P Mitchell, 17 carloads supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Montreal, large quantity supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Montreal, 36 packages clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Milltown, N B, provisions</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Moss, S H & J, Montreal, 2 cases clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Malone Bay, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">McGuiness, P, & Co, Montreal, one bale blankets</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">McLean & Blaikie, Londonderry, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">New York, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Newcastle & Donglastown, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">North Sydney, cargo of coal</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">New Haven United Workers, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Norcross, Miller & Lee, Boston, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Ottawa Ladies' Committee, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">O'Brien, James, Montreal, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Portland, Maine, large quantities supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Primrose & Co, J W M, Halifax, 5 barrels flour</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Power, J F & Co, Montreal, 50 barrels flour</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Paul, M L, Syracuse, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Pierce, E, and Co, per "Gallatin," furniture</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Piper, Henry, Toronto, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Philadelphia Maritime Exchange, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Quebec, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Quincy, Ill, 50 barrels meal and 50 barrels flour</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Riddell, John, Montreal, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">St. Andrews, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Sackville, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"><span class="spacedquotes"> " " </span> stoves</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Shaw Bros, St John, N B, bread</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Scotch Bakery, St John, N B, bread</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"><!-- Page 220 --><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220"></a>Sussex, N B, 1 carload provisions</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Smith, Mrs. M W, Ipswich, Mass, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Saratoga, N Y, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Salem, Mass, supplies and clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Salem, Mass, "Fraternity," clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Salem Y M C A, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Shediac, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Stewart, C J, Amherst, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">St Clements, Annapolis, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Saratoga Springs, N Y, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Toronto, Ontario, large quantity of supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Toronto Ladies' Committee, quantity of supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Tupper, Hon Chas, C B, Toronto, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Toronto Coal Mining Co, 250 tons coal</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Temple, Mrs, Fredericton, N B, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">True, Geo W, Portland, Me, 5 barrels flour and 5 barrels meal</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Thompson & Bligh, Halifax, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Truro, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Thurston, Hall & Co, Cambridgeport, Mass, 5 bls flour</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Unitarian Parish, Portsmouth, N H, clothing</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Upper Canada Furniture Co, Bowmanville, 50 bedsteads</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Upper Clarence, N S, Supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Unitarian Society of Dedham, Mass, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Upper Canada Trundle Bed Co, beds</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Vincent & McFate, St John, shoes and slippers</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Wetmore Bros, London, Ontario, 20 bls oil</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Wilson Packing Co, New York, 50 cases beef</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Woodstock, N B, per Connell & Hay, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Woodstock, N B, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Wolfville, N S, clothing and supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Warman Bros, London, Ontario, 20 bls flour</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Waterman, Bros., London, Out., 20 <a name="tn_png_z260"></a><!--TN: "bbls." changed to "bls"-->bls oil</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Woodcock, A, Toronto, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2"><!-- Page 221 --><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221"></a>Yarmouth, N S, supplies</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2">Y. M. C. Union, Boston, 6 cases clothing</td></tr> +</table> +<hr style="width: 10%;"> +<h3>THE PROPERTY OWNERS.</h3> + +<p style="font-size:.9em;">The following is a list of persons whose properties were destroyed. +Where the number of houses owned by each is more than one, it is +so stated:</p> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">NORTH MARKET SLIP.</h4> + +<ul class="names"> +<li>Heirs Dougald McLauchlin</li> +<li>G Sidney Smith</li> +<li>Heirs R L Hazen</li> +<li>G W Gerow</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;"><a name="tn_png_z261"></a><!--TN: "ORTH" changed to "NORTH"-->NORTH STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Wm Kievenar (2)</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">SMYTH STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Geo Moore</li> +<li>Heirs P McManus</li> +<li>P McCourt</li> +<li>P McDevitt</li> +<li>Thos Sheehan</li> +<li>Peter Bone</li> +<li>Mrs Kievenar</li> +<li>Maloney</li> +<li>D Rooney</li> +<li>J Dunlop</li> +<li>J C Brown estate</li> +<li>Heirs Chas Brown</li> +<li>Margaret S Robertson (6)</li> +<li>Mrs Espy</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">DRURY LANE.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Mrs Ann Leonard</li> +<li>Heirs John Ansborough</li> +<li>John Allen</li> +<li>Wm County</li> +<li>Jas Morrow</li> +<li>John Donovan</li> +<li>Heirs Henry Graham (2)</li> +<li>Heirs Thos Daley</li> +<li>Heirs Helen O'Leary</li> +<li>Thos Hourihan</li> +<li>Ed Mullin (2)</li> +<li>John Holland</li> +<li>Catherine Healy</li> +<li>Margaret McCarron</li> +<li>Heirs John Bryden</li> +</ul> +<!-- Page 222 --><a name="Page_222" id="Page_222"></a> + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">MILL STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Mrs Mary Ann Carleton</li> +<li>W Finn</li> +<li>Robert Grace (2)</li> +<li>John Lloyd (2)</li> +<li>Heirs John Frost</li> +<li>Heirs E Lawrence</li> +<li>Thos A Rankine</li> +<li>Thos A and Alex Rankine</li> +<li>John Bellony</li> +<li>Thos A Peters (2)</li> +<li>Mrs Ann Leonard</li> +<li>A G Kearns</li> +<li>John Allen</li> +<li>J Brittain</li> +<li>James Morrow</li> +<li>John Ryan</li> +<li>Ed Hayes</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">GEORGES STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Heirs Peter Sinclair</li> +<li>Thos A and Alex Rankine</li> +<li>Michael Burke</li> +<li>S R Foster</li> +<li>Michael Dineen</li> +<li>Heirs Wm Sullivan (2)</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">DOCK STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>John McSweeney (2)</li> +<li>John O'Gorman</li> +<li>Heirs B Ferguson</li> +<li>Johanna R Ritchie</li> +<li>Heirs F W Hatheway</li> +<li>Heirs Wm Hammond</li> +<li>James Dever</li> +<li>Heirs John Stanton</li> +<li>Henry Melick</li> +<li>Heirs John Melick</li> +<li>Robt Robertson</li> +<li>Heirs Hugh Johnston</li> +<li>Thomas Parks (2)</li> +<li>Heirs —— Robertson</li> +<li>W F Butt</li> +<li>Otis Small</li> +<li>J W & G H Lawrence</li> +<li>Trustees Varley School</li> +<li>R Grace (2)</li> +<li>S J & W D Berton</li> +<li>Heirs Elijah Barker</li> +<li>D Moynehan</li> +<li>Joshua Corkery</li> +<li>John Gallivan</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">HARE'S WHARF.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Margaret Hare.</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">ROBERTSON PLACE.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Mary Allan Almon.</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">FIRE PROOF ALLEY.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Heirs of Benjamin Smith.</li> +<li>Wm Carvill.</li> +</ul><!-- Page 223 --><a name="Page_223" id="Page_223"></a> + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">NORTH MARKET WHARF.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Eliza Robertson.</li> +<li>John Kirk.</li> +<li>D. J. McLaughlin.</li> +<li>J. Hendrick.</li> +<li>R. P. McGivern.</li> +<li>Heirs of John Duncan.</li> +<li>George F. Smith.</li> +<li>Heirs of D. J. McLaughlin.</li> +<li>J. V. Thurgar.</li> +<li>Hannah A. Bates.</li> +<li>Diocesan Church Society.</li> +<li>Heirs of George Bonsall.</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">NELSON STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Jane Inches</li> +<li>Jos R Stone</li> +<li>James Lawton</li> +<li>Eliza Robertson</li> +<li>John Fitzpatrick</li> +<li>B R Lawrence</li> +<li>Mrs William Hammond</li> +<li>Ed T B Lawton</li> +<li>Wm Scovil</li> +<li>W H Brown</li> +<li>Chas Lawton</li> +<li>Heirs of B Smith</li> +<li>Heirs of D J McLaughlin</li> +<li>Fred Fitzpatrick</li> +<li>George Carvill</li> +<li>Benj Lawton</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">SOUTH WHARF.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Heirs H W Wilson</li> +<li>Heirs of Thos Merritt</li> +<li>J H Allen</li> +<li>Jas Trueman</li> +<li>G C Wiggins</li> +<li>W Scovil</li> +<li>Barbour Bros</li> +<li>Heirs T Gilbert</li> +<li>G S DeForest</li> +<li>H & B S Gilbert</li> +<li>J E Masters</li> +<li>Heirs I L Bedell</li> +<li>J & R Reed</li> +<li>Heirs of B Smith (2)</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">WARD STREET AND WALKER'S WHARF.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Heirs of B Smith</li> +<li>W B Smith</li> +<li>G S DeForest</li> +<li>Mrs Catherine <a name="tn_png_263"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "McNamara"-->McNamara</li> +<li>M Lawrence</li> +<li>John Mitchell</li> +<li>Gallagher Young</li> +<li>Turnbull & Co</li> +<li>Heirs of J Walker</li> +<li>H & B S Gilbert</li> +<li>B R Lawrence</li> +<li>Wm Breeze</li> +<li>Wm M B Firth (3)</li> +<li>William Meneally</li> +<li>W T Betts</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">JOHNSON'S WHARF.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Hall & Fairweather</li> +<li>Heirs John Walker</li> +<li>John Wishart</li> +<li>W A Robertson</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">DISBROW'S WHARF.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Magee Bros.</li> +</ul><!-- Page 224 --><a name="Page_224" id="Page_224"></a> + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">WATER STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Sarah A and Jane Tisdale</li> +<li>Wm B Jack</li> +<li>W W Turnbull</li> +<li>James Harris & Co</li> +<li>G Carvill</li> +<li>The City (3)</li> +<li>Henry Brennan</li> +<li>W A Robertson</li> +<li>Mrs Louisa Hanford (2)</li> +<li>Alex Keith (2)</li> +<li>James E Holstead</li> +<li>Henry Vaughan</li> +<li>Archibald Rowan</li> +<li>Bank of New Brunswick</li> +<li>Heirs E Stephens (2)</li> +<li>Heirs Richard Sands</li> +<li>Heirs Andrew Hastings</li> +<li>B R Lawrence</li> +<li>B S & H Gilbert</li> +<li>Allan Brothers</li> +<li>James Ferrie</li> +<li>Heirs John Walker, (3)</li> +<li>Magee Bros</li> +<li>Chas Merritt (4)</li> +<li>J & R Reed (2)</li> +<li>Geo McLeod</li> +<li>Heirs Wm McKay</li> +<li>Norris Best</li> +<li>Heirs G L Lovitt</li> +<li>Geo G and Thos Chubb,</li> +<li>Thos Furlong</li> +<li>Stephen Whittaker</li> +<li>Heirs Wm Parks</li> +<li>Heirs J M Robinson</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">MARKET SQUARE.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Heirs J M Walker</li> +<li>Heirs John Wilmot</li> +<li>Daniel & Boyd</li> +<li>Heirs Thomas Merritt</li> +<li>J N McManus</li> +<li>J. Melick</li> +<li>Richard Thompson</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Ed Sears</li> +<li>The City (4)</li> +<li>Henry McCullough</li> +<li>Maritime Bank</li> +<li>Heirs John Gillis</li> +<li>Mrs. John Kinnear</li> +<li>Isaac Burpee</li> +<li>Heirs John Ennis</li> +<li>Heirs Noah Disbrow</li> +<li>Heirs S Nichols (2)</li> +<li>John Armstrong</li> +<li>L H Vaughan</li> +<li>J L Dunn</li> +<li>John Anderson</li> +<li>J & A McMillan</li> +<li>Heirs of J M Walker</li> +<li>F A Wiggins</li> +<li>Heirs Jane Boyd</li> +<li>Bank of Nova Scotia</li> +<li>Maria S Bayard</li> +<li>A B Barnes</li> +<li>Heirs Geo. L. Lovitt</li> +<li>Hugh Davidson</li> +<li>Nathan Green</li> +<li>Susan and Phoebe Purdy</li> +<li>Mrs John McIntyre</li> +<li>Patrick McArdle</li> +<li>Wm Cotter (2)</li> +<li>Heirs F Ferguson</li> +<li>T F Raymond</li> +<li>Thos McAvity</li> +<li>Heirs Thomas Pettingill</li> +<li>Heirs James Pettingill</li> +<li>Heirs Ed Finnegan</li> +<li>Robt S Hyke</li> +<li>John Foster (2)</li> +<li><!-- Page 225 --><a name="Page_225" id="Page_225"></a>John McCoskery</li> +<li>Moses Lawrence</li> +<li>Chas King</li> +<li>Geo A Freeze</li> +<li>Robt Pengilly</li> +<li>Heirs Thomas Reed</li> +<li>Heirs Wm McFadden</li> +<li>C E Robinson</li> +<li>C E Harding</li> +<li>Joggins Coal Mining Association</li> +<li>W H Hatheway</li> +<li>Wm Blizzard</li> +<li>Heirs Wm McKay</li> +<li>Rev Wm Scovil</li> +<li>J J Kaye</li> +<li>Dominion of Canada (2)</li> +<li>Hanford Estate (2)</li> +<li>P Morrissey</li> +<li>Wm Finn</li> +<li>Ann Thomas</li> +<li>John Tilton</li> +<li>Henry Vaughan and heirs Simonds</li> +<li>& Vaughan</li> +<li>Ellis & Armstrong</li> +<li>Chas Merritt (3)</li> +<li>Charlotte Gibbons</li> +<li>Bank of New Brunswick</li> +<li>Heirs H Chubb (4)</li> +<li>Heirs Ambrose Perkins</li> +<li>Heirs Wm Major</li> +<li>Heirs J M Walker</li> +<li>Rich S & J S Boes DeVeber</li> +<li>Jessie H Nickerson</li> +<li>Alex Jardine</li> +<li>Heirs Richard Sands</li> +<li>John Hegan</li> +<li>Heirs John Hastings</li> +<li>Robt Douglas</li> +<li>Heirs Benjamin Longmuir</li> +<li>Daniel & Boyd</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">CANTERBURY STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>W G Lawton</li> +<li>John Vassie</li> +<li>A G Bowes</li> +<li>Jas O'Connor</li> +<li>Heirs W H Owens</li> +<li>Sarah Owens</li> +<li>A R Wetmore</li> +<li>Jas Walker</li> +<li>Willis & Mott</li> +<li>North British and Mercantile</li> +<li>Insurance Co</li> +<li>Thos R Jones (3)</li> +<li>Geo V Nowlin</li> +<li>Geo. Moore</li> +<li>Heirs D J McLaughlin</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">GERMAIN STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Heirs John Ward (2)</li> +<li>Heirs W Tisdale</li> +<li>Jas E White</li> +<li>Rector and Wardens Trinity</li> +<li>Church</li> +<li>John A Anderson</li> +<li>D J McLaughlin, Jr (2)</li> +<li>Ed Sears (2)</li> +<li>Trustees Wesleyan Methodist</li> +<li>Church (2)</li> +<li>Trustees St John Grammar</li> +<li>School (2)</li> +<li>Trustees St Andrew's Kirk</li> +<li>Victoria Hotel</li> +<li>Otis Small and Moses Lawrence</li> +<li>Heirs Edwin Bayard</li> +<li>H R Ranney</li> +<li>John McMillan (2)</li> +<li>Heirs Robertson Bayard</li> +<li>Heirs Sam'l Seeds (3)</li> +<li>Trustees Home for the Aged</li> +<li>Trustees Germain Street Baptist</li> +<li>Church (2)</li> +<li>John Harding (2)</li> +<li><!-- Page 226 --><a name="Page_226" id="Page_226"></a>John Chaloner</li> +<li>Mrs Duncan Robertson</li> +<li>Heirs Wm Hammond (3)</li> +<li>Wm Thomas</li> +<li>W C Perley</li> +<li>Chas Phillips</li> +<li>Heirs G E S Keator</li> +<li>Jas Miller (2)</li> +<li>Caleb Larkins</li> +<li>Heirs Donald Cameron</li> +<li>Wm J Stevens</li> +<li>Heirs Alex Balloch</li> +<li>Mrs Samuel Seeds</li> +<li>J W Climo</li> +<li>Chas R Ray</li> +<li>J R Ruel</li> +<li>Mrs H Johnston</li> +<li>Heirs Thos Parks (2)</li> +<li>Heirs Ed Ketchum</li> +<li>Heirs Lachlan Donaldson (2)</li> +<li>Wm Bayard</li> +<li>Alex Sime</li> +<li>Jos Bullock</li> +<li>Jas Lawton</li> +<li>Wm Davidson</li> +<li>Academy of Music Co</li> +<li>Wm Breeze</li> +<li>J C Hatheway</li> +<li>Geo V Nowlin (3)</li> +<li>Heirs Dan Leavitt</li> +<li>James H Peters (4)</li> +<li>Trustees Mrs Alexander</li> +<li>Robt Robertson</li> +<li>Heirs D J McLaughlin</li> +<li>S K Foster (3)</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">CHARLOTTE STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Chas Merritt</li> +<li>John Holden</li> +<li>James Vernon</li> +<li>Dr L McLaren</li> +<li>Dr John Berryman</li> +<li>Mary L Wheeler</li> +<li>P Doherty</li> +<li>James Mason</li> +<li>Mrs T Coughlan</li> +<li>S Corbitt</li> +<li>S Hayward</li> +<li>Mary A and heirs Samuel Crawford</li> +<li>Eliza Chapman</li> +<li>Johannah Dacey and heirs</li> +<li>Timothy Dacey</li> +<li>Thos Welly</li> +<li>John Farren</li> +<li>Heirs Benj Longmuir</li> +<li>Heirs Francis McAvenney</li> +<li>Heirs Wm Potts</li> +<li>C E Harding</li> +<li>Pugsley, Crawford & Pugsley</li> +<li>Wm Breeze</li> +<li>R P McGivern</li> +<li>Jas Vernon</li> +<li>Agnes Stewart (2 houses)</li> +<li>John Marvin</li> +<li>S Smith</li> +<li>John Watson</li> +<li>Charlotte Stevens</li> +<li>T McAvity (2)</li> +<li>W McDermott</li> +<li>Alexander and heirs R Jardine</li> +<li>Maritime Sewing Machine Co</li> +<li>A McDermott</li> +<li>J Fisher, Sr</li> +<li>J McGivern</li> +<li>Dominion of Canada</li> +<li>John Sandall</li> +<li>J D McAvity</li> +<li>H Duffell</li> +<li>Mary and heirs Peter Fleming (2)</li> +<li>M Flood</li> +<li>Kate Mulherrin</li> +<li>H Maxwell (3)</li> +<li>Wm White</li> +<li>W H Harrison</li> +<li><!-- Page 227 --><a name="Page_227" id="Page_227"></a>John Fielders</li> +<li>Wm McAuley</li> +<li>Jane Murray</li> +<li>Eliza McLaughlin</li> +<li>Louisa Hanford</li> +<li>John D Devoe (3)</li> +<li>Nancy Hazen</li> +<li>Ann D Thompson</li> +<li>James Williams</li> +<li>Wm Davidson</li> +<li>Mary Earley</li> +<li>Mrs Fred James</li> +<li>P Besnard Sr</li> +<li>Geo Stockford</li> +<li>John Lawson</li> +<li>John Nugent</li> +<li>D Mullin</li> +<li>Rev A Wood</li> +<li>James H Pullen</li> +<li>John Berryman Sr (3)</li> +<li>J O Miller</li> +<li>Jas Langell</li> +<li>Corporation Trinity Church (3)</li> +<li>G Prescott (3)</li> +<li>J Guthrie and B Hevenor</li> +<li>G Williams</li> +<li>J D Gaynor (2)</li> +<li>John Winters (2)</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">SYDNEY STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Dr Travers</li> +<li>W J B Marter (2)</li> +<li>T C Humbert</li> +<li>John McBrine</li> +<li>Roman Catholic Bishop (3)</li> +<li>Geo V Nowlin (2)</li> +<li>Ed McAleer</li> +<li>E Kinsman</li> +<li>Trustees Reformed Presbyterian</li> +<li>Church</li> +<li>W S Marvin</li> +<li>William Davidson</li> +<li>John Anderson</li> +<li>Susan Dobson</li> +<li>William Meneally</li> +<li>George J Coster</li> +<li>R Gregory</li> +<li>M Flood</li> +<li>J R Armstrong</li> +<li>Wm Wedderburn</li> +<li>N Best</li> +<li>H Thomas</li> +<li>John Murray</li> +<li>J Knox</li> +<li>Wm Burns (2)</li> +<li>Robt McKay</li> +<li>E M S Stewart (3)</li> +<li>Wm Vassie</li> +<li>T W Peters</li> +<li>E L Perkins</li> +<li>R Rolston</li> +<li>Sarah McRory</li> +<li>John Carney</li> +<li>Alex Kearns</li> +<li>Ellen Mooney</li> +<li>Coldwell Howard</li> +<li>Jas Lemon</li> +<li>Sarah Taylor</li> +<li>Elizabeth Robbins (2)</li> +<li>J D Vanwart</li> +<li>Ann Wane (2)</li> +<li>Dominion of Canada</li> +<li>John McAnulty</li> +<li>Alex McDermott</li> +<li>Mary Clark and heirs</li> +<li>John Clark</li> +<li>C Longstroth</li> +<li>R W Crookshanks</li> +<li>E L Perkins</li> +<li>Chas Hillan</li> +<li>S K F James</li> +<li>Margt Maloney</li> +<li>W Morrison</li> +<li>M McAleer (2)</li> +<li>S J Lauckner</li> +<li>J Milligan (2)</li> +<li>John Gray</li> +<li>Trustees St David's Church</li> +<li><!-- Page 228 --><a name="Page_228" id="Page_228"></a>E Richey</li> +<li>Rebecca Schoular and heirs</li> +<li>David Marshall</li> +<li>L S Currie</li> +<li>James Vernon (2)</li> +<li>Wm B Aitkin</li> +<li>Robt McIntyre & Co</li> +<li>J L Taylor</li> +<li>D J Laughlan</li> +<li>Henry Jack</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">HORSFIELD STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>J H Pullen</li> +<li>Mrs W McKay (2)</li> +<li>P Besnard (2)</li> +<li>John Lowe (2)</li> +<li>Ellen McAvenney</li> +<li>John Nugent (2)</li> +<li>Sophia McLean</li> +<li>Mary Durant</li> +<li>Thos Bedell</li> +<li>Catherine Noyes</li> +<li>M Perry</li> +<li>Knox & Thompson</li> +<li>W Breeze</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">HARDING STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>R Carleton</li> +<li>Mary Donahey</li> +<li>Sarah Gillis (2)</li> +<li>John Wilson (2)</li> +<li>Mary Richard</li> +<li>Neil Morrison</li> +<li>Geo Henderson</li> +<li>James O'Connor (3)</li> +<li>Wm McDermott (2)</li> +<li>Heirs J W Young (2)</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">PAGAN PLACE.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Joseph Sulis</li> +<li>Louisa Donald</li> +<li>Mrs Emma Allison</li> +<li>A L Palmer</li> +<li>Moses Lawrence (2)</li> +<li>R Leonard</li> +<li>Chas S Taylor</li> +<li>S G Blizard</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">ST. ANDREW'S STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>T W Peters (2)</li> +<li>R Gaskin</li> +<li>H Aldbone</li> +<li>John Kee (2)</li> +<li>James Gilmour</li> +<li>James Ritchey</li> +<li>John Ritchie</li> +<li>James Sterling (2)</li> +<li>John Wishart</li> +<li>Margaret Suffren</li> +<li>E Woodley</li> +<li>John McCaffery</li> +<li>Robert Wetsell</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">CARMARTHEN STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Ann Cronin</li> +<li>Elizabeth and Samuel Gardner</li> +<li>Heirs Aaron Eaton (3)</li> +<li>H A Austin</li> +<li>George E King</li> +<li>Charles Barnes</li> +<li>Mary A Ward</li> +<li>E E Lockhart</li> +<li>James Adams (3)</li> +<li>J D Lorimer</li> +<li><!-- Page 229 --><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229"></a>Samuel Ferguson (2)</li> +<li>Geo P Johnston (3)</li> +<li>Hugh Bell</li> +<li>Catherine Bonnell</li> +<li>James Hill (2)</li> +<li>W D Carron</li> +<li>James Muldoon</li> +<li>Gas Light Co.</li> +<li>Trustees Methodist Church</li> +<li>Trustees Orphan Asylum</li> +<li>Margaret O'Neil (2)</li> +<li>James McKinney</li> +<li>James Crockford</li> +<li>Mary Ann Pointer</li> +<li>Daniel Smith</li> +<li>John Kirk (2)</li> +<li>Samuel Dunham (two)</li> +<li>Alex Steen</li> +<li>S Scribner</li> +<li>Daniel Doyle</li> +<li>Mary Doyle</li> +<li>John Kirkpatrick</li> +<li>— Smith</li> +<li>H S Normansell</li> +<li>Jane Carson</li> +<li>Catherine Nagle</li> +<li>R Evans</li> +<li>John Richey</li> +<li>Thomas Rankine</li> +<li>Thomas Doyle</li> +<li>John Wilson</li> +<li>Chas McLean</li> +<li>J Henderson</li> +<li>H Henderson</li> +<li>Rev J R Narraway</li> +<li>Andrew Kenney</li> +<li>L H Waterhouse</li> +<li>Wm Nixon</li> +<li>D Driscoll</li> +<li>R Wetsell</li> +<li>George Sparrow & J S Richardson</li> +<li>Wm Finley</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">WENTWORTH STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>E E Lockhart</li> +<li>Thos Dobson</li> +<li>G Sparrow</li> +<li>George Blatch</li> +<li>C Sparrow (2)</li> +<li>J W Fleming</li> +<li>H Whiteside</li> +<li>John Fitzpatrick</li> +<li>H Coffey</li> +<li>M Barnes</li> +<li>C Flaherty</li> +<li>C E Sulis</li> +<li>B P Price (3)</li> +<li>James Moulson (2)</li> +<li>John A Anderson</li> +<li>B McDermott</li> +<li>R B Emerson</li> +<li>J T Barnes</li> +<li>George Doherty (2)</li> +<li>C Cathers (2)</li> +<li>Alex Steen</li> +<li>William Hill (2)</li> +<li>Knox and Thompson (4)</li> +<li>John Carr</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">MAIN STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>John E Turnbull (4)</li> +<li>John Woodley</li> +<li>J G Jordan</li> +<li>A Steen (2)</li> +<li>J Tole</li> +<li>James O'Brien</li> +<li>Wm Bowden</li> +<li>Wm Coxetter & Michael Tucker</li> +<li>T M Reed</li> +<li>Sarah L Collins (2)</li> +<li>D McDermott</li> +<li>P Vanhorn</li> +<li>James Mahoney (3)</li> +<li>James Moulson</li> +<li><!-- Page 230 --><a name="Page_230" id="Page_230"></a>Jane Halcrow</li> +<li>L Markie</li> +<li>G J Sulis (2)</li> +<li>Wm Lewis</li> +<li>J & R Magee</li> +<li>J W Nicholson</li> +<li>G R Bent (2)</li> +<li>A L Rawlins</li> +<li>D Knight</li> +<li>F Mahoney</li> +<li>Ed Thurmott</li> +<li>Wm McKinney</li> +<li>Archibald Dibblee</li> +<li>George Thomas</li> +<li>John Guthrie</li> +<li>Mary Ann Ratcliff</li> +<li>James McKinney</li> +<li>O V Troop</li> +<li>Rector and Wardens St James' Church</li> +<li>C Langstroth</li> +<li>Andrew Armstrong</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">BRITAIN STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Sarah McFadden</li> +<li>Jane Barbour</li> +<li>John Collins</li> +<li>John Scott</li> +<li>H Spears</li> +<li>Thos Miller</li> +<li>Thos McCullough</li> +<li>Thos Crozier</li> +<li>Jas Price</li> +<li>Wm J Colson</li> +<li>P McGonagle</li> +<li>C Larkins</li> +<li>H W Purdy</li> +<li>E Murray</li> +<li>Heirs D Hatfield</li> +<li>Jas McAvity</li> +<li>Wm Furlong</li> +<li>John Abbott</li> +<li>John Bartlett</li> +<li>Albert Peters</li> +<li>Mrs O'Keefe</li> +<li>Geo Garraty</li> +<li>B Coxetter</li> +<li>E Thompson</li> +<li>Margaret McPartland</li> +<li>F Stewart</li> +<li>D Jordan (2)</li> +<li>Wm Ennis</li> +<li>Jas Nicholson</li> +<li>Robt Barbour</li> +<li>Albert Betts</li> +<li>W H Purdy</li> +<li>C Merritt (3)</li> +<li>Geo W Belyea</li> +<li>J Jardine</li> +<li>Jas Gorman</li> +<li>J Moore (2)</li> +<li>Lawrence McMann (2)</li> +<li>J Packthall</li> +<li>F M Hancock</li> +<li>C J Ward</li> +<li>Mrs Jas Bell</li> +<li>W H Hatheway</li> +<li>John Hutchinson</li> +<li>Peter Besnard, Sr (3)</li> +<li>R Johnston (2)</li> +<li>J Hayes</li> +<li>Neil Hoyt</li> +<li>N Carroll</li> +<li>M Barnes</li> +<li>Heirs L H DeVeber (2)</li> +<li>F Pheasant</li> +<li>A Doyle</li> +<li>R Dalton</li> +<li>W J Pratt</li> +<li>D Robinson</li> +<li>W A Magee</li> +<li>S McGarvey</li> +<li>Bridget Murphy</li> +<li>Thos Bisset</li> +<li>Bridget Farren</li> +<li>J George</li> +<li>Ed Duffy</li> +<li>J E Turnbull (2)</li> +<li><!-- Page 231 --><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231"></a>E Thompson (2)</li> +<li>John Moran (2)</li> +<li>John Crowley</li> +<li>W H Quinn (3)</li> +<li>F S Williams (2)</li> +<li>John Wishart</li> +<li>D J Schurman</li> +<li>Mary McCurdy</li> +<li>H Maxwell</li> +<li>S G Blizard</li> +<li>Thos Robinson</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">ST. JAMES STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>O Cline</li> +<li>R Cline</li> +<li>J Kemp</li> +<li>John Bridges</li> +<li>W I Whiting</li> +<li>J McLarren</li> +<li>E Thompson</li> +<li>Patk McManus</li> +<li>Wm Leahy</li> +<li>S Rutherford</li> +<li>John Doody</li> +<li>John Sherrard</li> +<li>John Knowles</li> +<li>John Sears (3)</li> +<li>C Cain</li> +<li>Wm Furlong (2)</li> +<li>Bridget Murphy</li> +<li>John Watson</li> +<li>Thomas Viall</li> +<li>Geo Young</li> +<li>Jas Ellis</li> +<li>E L Perkins (2)</li> +<li>Wm Simpson</li> +<li>Alice McKean</li> +<li>P McGonagal</li> +<li>M Burk</li> +<li>Mrs Thos Hanlon</li> +<li>Samuel Fisher</li> +<li>Eliza Wilson</li> +<li>John Wilson, jr</li> +<li>J & A Campbell</li> +<li>D Sullivan</li> +<li>R Holmes</li> +<li>C Moriarty</li> +<li>John Runciman</li> +<li>Robt J Caldwell</li> +<li>W Casey</li> +<li>School Trustees</li> +<li>Rev William Scovil</li> +<li>John Fisher</li> +<li>John Cain</li> +<li>Rev Wm Scovil and Trustees of Wiggins' Orphan Asylum</li> +<li>J Drake</li> +<li>Wm Duffell</li> +<li>Thos White</li> +<li>Thos Pike</li> +<li>F P Robinson</li> +<li>John Winters</li> +<li>Jas Price</li> +<li>Wm Gilfillan</li> +<li>Jane White (2)</li> +<li>Wm Russell</li> +<li>Mrs David Millar</li> +<li>Heirs Thos King</li> +<li>P Condon</li> +<li>Jos Akroyd</li> +<li>David Stewart</li> +<li>Patrick Ferrie</li> +<li>Chas Osburn</li> +<li>Elizabeth Spence</li> +<li>Rev M Ritchey</li> +<li>Thos Kedey</li> +<li>Wm Lewis (3)</li> +<li>M Flood</li> +<li>John Wishart</li> +<li>John S Mullin</li> +<li>John Littler</li> +<li>Heirs Daniel Hatfield</li> +<li>Heirs F Dibblee</li> +<li>Purdy heirs</li> +<li>B Coxetter</li> +<li>T G Merritt</li> +<li>Heirs R Sands</li> +<li><!-- Page 232 --><a name="Page_232" id="Page_232"></a>Caleb Larkins</li> +<li>T F Raymond</li> +<li>Mrs Francis Clementson</li> +<li>D J Schurman</li> +<li>Thos Littlejohn</li> +<li>Chas Sinclair</li> +<li>John Callaghan</li> +<li>T M Reed</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">PITT STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Silas H Brown</li> +<li>Henry Lawlor</li> +<li>James Cummings</li> +<li>F Jordan</li> +<li>Rebecca Fisher</li> +<li>Ed K Fisher</li> +<li>D S Robinson</li> +<li>James Hewitt</li> +<li>C Lawton (2)</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">SHEFFIELD STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Gilbert estate</li> +<li>Matthew Thompson (2)</li> +<li>James Carr</li> +<li>E Vanhorn</li> +<li>James Brown</li> +<li>Heirs Geo McKelvie (2)</li> +<li>John A Anderson</li> +<li>R Robertson</li> +<li>Margaret Hennigar</li> +<li>Joseph Kimpson</li> +<li>Ferguson & Rankine (2)</li> +<li>Y M C Association</li> +<li>M McVane (2)</li> +<li>Robert Cunniff</li> +<li>John Kirk</li> +<li>Alex Harvey</li> +<li>Jane Wasson</li> +<li>Mrs. P. Riley</li> +<li>J H Anthony</li> +<li>John McCabe (2)</li> +<li>John Woodburn</li> +<li>C O'Keefe</li> +<li>Richd McCluskey</li> +<li>John Fisher</li> +<li>A McDermott</li> +<li>Purves & Moore</li> +<li>J Drake</li> +<li>E Magee</li> +<li>John Porter</li> +<li>Rector and Wardens St James' Church</li> +<li>Stephen & James Oakes</li> +<li>S Dunham</li> +<li>Mary Ann Pointer</li> +<li>Catherine O'Neal (2)</li> +<li>Daniel Smith</li> +<li>Joseph McCullough</li> +<li>McKelvey heirs</li> +<li>Trustees Methodist Church</li> +<li>David Dodge</li> +<li>Elizabeth Nixon</li> +<li>Lewis Wheaton</li> +<li>Geo Anning</li> +<li>Joseph Sulis</li> +<li>Jas Vanhorn</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">QUEEN SQUARE.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Thos Furlong</li> +<li>Isaac Woodward</li> +<li>John Boyd</li> +<li>Geo B Cushing</li> +<li>R Cruikshanks</li> +<li>A L Palmer</li> +<li>Jas Manson (2)</li> +<li>W B Smith</li> +<li>John Horn</li> +<li>J W Barnes</li> +<li><!-- Page 233 --><a name="Page_233" id="Page_233"></a>D Robertson (2)</li> +<li>Mrs Charles Brown and heirs of Chas Brown</li> +<li>John Stewart</li> +<li>F. Tufts</li> +<li>John Tucker</li> +<li>H. Jack</li> +<li>E. L. Jewett.</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">QUEEN STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>John Foster</li> +<li>R Longmaid</li> +<li>Thos P Davies</li> +<li>H. Hawkins</li> +<li>Jessie Day</li> +<li>Mrs Alex Dalsell</li> +<li>J H Harding</li> +<li>J U Thomas</li> +<li>Joseph Sulis</li> +<li>Geo Riley and heirs</li> +<li>Robt Riley (2)</li> +<li>J O'Connell</li> +<li>Wm Davis and heirs</li> +<li>John McNichol</li> +<li>Mary Bersay</li> +<li>John R McFarlane</li> +<li>James McCart (2)</li> +<li>Ed Edson</li> +<li>Mrs Jane McPherson</li> +<li>Heirs John Thomas</li> +<li>Hugh Kelly</li> +<li>S Benterell</li> +<li>John Hamilton</li> +<li>Margaret <a name="tn_png_z275"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "Homer"-->Homer</li> +<li>Heirs John Roberts</li> +<li>Geo S Fisher</li> +<li>Robt Turner</li> +<li>John McBrine (2)</li> +<li>R Cassidy (2)</li> +<li>Thos Jordan</li> +<li>D. S. Kerr</li> +<li>John Pettingill</li> +<li>C Flood (2)</li> +<li>Geo Suffren</li> +<li>Chas E Raymond</li> +<li>John Fitzpatrick</li> +<li>James Gallagher</li> +<li>Geo J. Nixon</li> +<li>A. Quick</li> +<li>Heirs R Bayard</li> +<li>R J Leonard</li> +<li>G F Soley (2)</li> +<li>Alex Steen</li> +<li>Hugh Carswell</li> +<li>Mrs John Millidge</li> +<li>H S Normansell</li> +<li>Heirs John Whitne</li> +<li>John Wilson, jr</li> +<li>John Wilson (2)</li> +<li>Margaret and heirs Joseph Hanley (2)</li> +<li>Thos Doyle</li> +<li>Andrew Evans</li> +<li>Robt Marshall</li> +<li>Wm Black</li> +<li>F M Hancock</li> +<li>Alex McKelvy</li> +<li>Wm Pike (2)</li> +<li>Heirs D J <a name="tn_png_z275a"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "McLaughlin"-->McLaughlin</li> +<li>J McFarlane</li> +<li>Thomas McAvity, jr</li> +<li>Robt Hickson</li> +<li>M Francis</li> +<li>D Brown</li> +<li>Mary Crothers and heirs John Crothers</li> +<li>Ann Thomas</li> +<li>Andrew Keohan</li> +<li>Mary Williams</li> +<li>John Scallon (2)</li> +<li>Simon Leonard</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">MECKLENBURG STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Jas Hutchinson and heirs Jos Stevenson (2)</li> +<li>Richard Longmaid</li> +<li>H Vaughan</li> +<li><!-- Page 234 --><a name="Page_234" id="Page_234"></a>John Vassie</li> +<li>Chas Maclean</li> +<li>Heirs James Whitney</li> +<li>Margaret Hillman</li> +<li>C McIver</li> +<li>Chas Whitney</li> +<li>John Dyers</li> +<li>Mary Dockrill</li> +<li>W M Jordan</li> +<li>Jas Emerson</li> +<li>Jas McNicholl</li> +<li>Heirs Joseph Atkins</li> +<li>Mary Ann McLean</li> +<li>F L Lewin</li> +<li>T W Seeds</li> +<li>Benj Dodge</li> +<li>John Ennis</li> +<li>John Dick</li> +<li>James Woodstock</li> +<li>Phœbe Bookhout</li> +<li>Martin Burns</li> +<li>Edward Purchase</li> +<li>Thos Dobson</li> +<li>Ann Atkins</li> +<li>Jas Knox</li> +<li>Francis Gallagher</li> +<li>Mathew Steen</li> +<li>Wm Causey</li> +<li>Geo V Nowlin</li> +<li>Andrew Armstrong</li> +<li>W McVay</li> +<li>Wm McKeel</li> +<li>Heirs Aaron Eaton</li> +<li>John Magee</li> +<li>William Magee</li> +<li>J. W Nicholson</li> +<li>J R Armstrong</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">DUKE STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>P McArdle</li> +<li>Peter Flannigan</li> +<li>Mrs Francis Ferguson (2)</li> +<li>Joseph Bell</li> +<li>John McSorley (3)</li> +<li>Heirs R Bayard (2)</li> +<li>A Blain</li> +<li>Peter Besnard (3)</li> +<li>Mrs Livingstone</li> +<li>Mrs W Fraser</li> +<li>John Marven</li> +<li>S Tufts</li> +<li>J Shannon</li> +<li>O Bailey</li> +<li>Trustees Madras School</li> +<li>Seely & Besnard</li> +<li>R W Crookshank</li> +<li>Susan Stephenson</li> +<li>B Brennan (2)</li> +<li>Robt Thomson (2)</li> +<li>Samuel Gardner</li> +<li>Andrew Gilmour</li> +<li>R Robertson, jr</li> +<li>S K Brundage</li> +<li>Joseph Henderson</li> +<li>H Henderson</li> +<li>Wm H Randall</li> +<li>Wm McBay</li> +<li>J Wilkins, sen</li> +<li>J Wilkins, jr</li> +<li>Wm Francis</li> +<li>James Adams</li> +<li>Mrs Gilchrist</li> +<li>James Saunders</li> +<li>Wm Whitney</li> +<li>Sarah Partelow</li> +<li>Ed Purchase (2)</li> +<li>Robt S Jones</li> +<li>Geo Sparrow</li> +<li>Mary Ann McLean (2)</li> +<li>M Morrison</li> +<li>Charlotte Jones</li> +<li>Michael Burns</li> +<li>P Bushfan</li> +<li>William Wright</li> +<li>Heirs William Melody</li> +<li>Margaret Hartness</li> +<li>E Burnside</li> +<li><!-- Page 235 --><a name="Page_235" id="Page_235"></a>Howard D. Troop</li> +<li>John Marven</li> +<li>John Cook</li> +<li>James Adams</li> +<li>Sarah Ferguson</li> +<li>Heirs Edward Brundage (2)</li> +<li>W Stephens</li> +<li>Jacob Seely</li> +<li>Trustees Christian Church</li> +<li>John Wishart</li> +<li>L A Waterhouse</li> +<li>James Milligan</li> +<li>Sarah Jane Ferguson</li> +<li>George A Thompson</li> +<li>John Richards</li> +<li>W F Butt</li> +<li>Arthur Daniel (2)</li> +<li>Heirs Daniel Culbert</li> +<li>James Vernon</li> +<li>Mrs. Earley</li> +<li>Sarah Gillis</li> +<li>J. O'Connell</li> +<li>Peter Dearness</li> +<li>Heirs Michael McGuirk (2)</li> +<li>Ann Jane Ritchie</li> +<li>Geo Stockford</li> +<li>Caroline Wood</li> +<li>Hugh Davidson</li> +<li>Susan Chittick (2)</li> +<li>J & R Reed</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">ORANGE STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Wm Meneally</li> +<li>John Smith</li> +<li>Andrew Gray</li> +<li>M. Hennigar (2)</li> +<li>Andrew Kinney (2)</li> +<li>Jas Adams</li> +<li>W R MacKenzie</li> +<li>D G MacKenzie</li> +<li>W E Vroom</li> +<li>G E King</li> +<li>H D Troop</li> +<li>C W Weldon</li> +<li>A C Smith</li> +<li>R R Sneden</li> +<li>E J Barteaux</li> +<li>Joseph Prichard (4)</li> +<li>Jane Cook</li> +<li>James McLean</li> +<li>Catherine Allen</li> +<li>Thomas Johnston</li> +<li>Henry Lawlor</li> +<li>B Murphy</li> +<li>James E Whittaker</li> +<li>J R Woodburn</li> +<li>Z G Gabel</li> +<li>James Estey</li> +<li>Charles Drury</li> +<li>Emma J Daley</li> +<li>John Sweeney</li> +<li>J W Hall</li> +<li>G McLeod</li> +<li>J A Venning</li> +<li>R Blair</li> +<li>Margaret Sinnott</li> +<li>Heirs R McAfee</li> +<li>Heirs Wm Bailey</li> +<li>James Morrison</li> +<li>Heirs P Williams</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;"><a name="tn_png_z277"></a><!--TN: "Princess Street" changed to "PRINCESS STREET" to match other headings-->PRINCESS STREET.</h4> + +<ul class="names"> +<li>Alexander Barnhill</li> +<li>W J Ritchie</li> +<li>E Thompson</li> +<li>Patrick Bradley</li> +<li>J C Hatheway</li> +<li>E Sears</li> +<li>P Fitzpatrick</li> +<li>Wm Burtis</li> +<li>A Buist</li> +<li>Jas Hunter</li> +<li><!-- Page 236 --><a name="Page_236" id="Page_236"></a>Knox & Thompson</li> +<li>John Burk</li> +<li>J H Lee,</li> +<li>Thos Rogers</li> +<li>John Anderson (2)</li> +<li>John Murphy</li> +<li>B Bustin</li> +<li>G Bent</li> +<li>Margaret Hunter</li> +<li>John Nugent</li> +<li>Mary Craig</li> +<li>James H Bartlett</li> +<li>Mrs David Miller</li> +<li>Thos Miller</li> +<li>James Bustin</li> +<li>Fred Dorman</li> +<li>O Doherty</li> +<li>Adam Young</li> +<li>C E Robinson</li> +<li>John Healey</li> +<li>John Gardner</li> +<li>Mrs Mary A & E E Lockhart (2)</li> +<li>Heirs of Geo A Lockhart</li> +<li>R W Thorne</li> +<li>H Williams</li> +<li>W Sandall</li> +<li>Robert McAndrews</li> +<li>James Robinson</li> +<li>Susan and heirs J Johnston</li> +<li>Ann Hamilton and heirs Clara Dean</li> +<li>William Fogg</li> +<li>Mary Ann Ellsworth</li> +<li>J V Troop</li> +<li>Simeon Jones</li> +<li>Alex Lockhart</li> +<li>Trustees Centenary Church (2)</li> +<li>Heirs John Mason</li> +<li>Heirs Thomas P Williams</li> +<li>W C Drury</li> +<li>J A Godsoe</li> +<li>D W Scammell</li> +<li>G Henderson</li> +<li>A W Whitney</li> +<li>T D Wilson</li> +<li>Mrs Ellen Smith</li> +<li>John Doherty</li> +<li>Trustees J S Turner</li> +<li>Thomas Bustin</li> +<li>P Halpin</li> +<li>B Paterson</li> +<li>Barbara Clark</li> +<li>W C Godsoe</li> +<li>James Trueman</li> +<li>Ed Willis</li> +<li>Joseph Miller</li> +<li>Robert Law</li> +<li>Geo Thomas</li> +<li>Judge Watters</li> +<li>Benj Lowe</li> +<li>H A Hatheway (2)</li> +<li>Harriet Trueman</li> +<li>W Walton</li> +<li>Geo Mathews (2)</li> +<li>S A Dixon</li> +<li>E M Merritt</li> +<li>Michael Thompson (2)</li> +<li>Rev Alex McL Stavely</li> +<li>H S Gregory</li> +<li>Helen York and Captain Thos York</li> +<li>John Anderson</li> +<li>Jas Sullivan</li> +<li>Geo F Thompson</li> +<li>J J Munro</li> +<li>J E Ganong</li> +<li>T G Merritt</li> +<li>Jane Woods</li> +<li>John Burke</li> +<li>Mrs Jas Drake</li> +<li>G C Wiggins</li> +<li>W H Hayward</li> +<li>M. N Powers</li> +<li>Catherine and heirs Michael Donnelly</li> +<li>F A Wiggins</li> +<li>Rev Mr McCarty</li> +<li>Trustees James Leitch</li> +<li>Charles Patton</li> +</ul> +<!-- Page 237 --><a name="Page_237" id="Page_237"></a> + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">LEINSTER STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>F Cassidy</li> +<li>James Milligan</li> +<li>Lydia Gardner (2)</li> +<li>Joseph Edgar</li> +<li>Mrs Wallace</li> +<li>Mrs Samuel Bustin</li> +<li>Trustees of Baptist Church</li> +<li>Jane Rutherford</li> +<li>H L Francis</li> +<li>Mary Murray</li> +<li>Francis McDevitt</li> +<li>Trustees Varley School</li> +<li>Mrs E Lunt and heirs</li> +<li>Jos Lunt</li> +<li>A W Masters</li> +<li>Silas H Brown</li> +<li>James Sullivan</li> +<li>Mrs Lydia J Calhoun</li> +<li>Joseph Reed</li> +<li>W H & D Hayward</li> +<li>A H Eaton</li> +<li>John Corr</li> +<li>S K Foster</li> +<li>John Gallagher</li> +<li>Dennis Sullivan</li> +<li>Heirs Wm Bailey</li> +<li>Francis Hewitt (2)</li> +<li>John Roop (2)</li> +<li>Geo W Masters</li> +<li>G V Nowlin</li> +<li>Chas H Dearborn</li> +<li>G Merritt</li> +<li>Gilbert Murdoch</li> +<li>T C Humbert</li> +<li>John McBrine (2)</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">CHURCH STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>G A Knodell</li> +<li>M Thompson</li> +<li>Geo Pattison</li> +<li>Thos S Wetmore</li> +<li>James H Peters</li> +<li>Mrs Jane Disbrow</li> +<li>Ellen Mahoney</li> +<li>Ed Maher</li> +<li>A Bowes</li> +<li>R T Clinch and heirs E Barlow</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">KING SQUARE.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>C M Bostwick</li> +<li>C Merritt</li> +<li>Trustees Irish Friendly Society</li> +<li>Heirs B Ansley</li> +<li>R Milligan</li> +<li>C A Robertson</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">KING STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>Mrs John Gillis</li> +<li>Heirs John Gillis</li> +<li>James Manson</li> +<li>R T Clinch and heirs E Barlow</li> +<li>D J McLaughlin and heirs Daniel McLaughlin</li> +<li>S E Whittaker</li> +<li>James E Whittaker</li> +<li>Geo A Barker</li> +<li>Mrs Geo Taylor</li> +<li>John Dougherty</li> +<li>Heirs Wm Melick</li> +<li>Mrs John Hay</li> +<li>John Fisher</li> +<li>Wm Kennedy</li> +<li>Corporation of Trinity Church</li> +<li><!-- Page 238 --><a name="Page_238" id="Page_238"></a>Thos H Hall (2)</li> +<li>Samuel Schofield</li> +<li>Thomas Seely</li> +<li>Ann Howe</li> +<li>John Mitchell</li> +<li>Mary Piddler</li> +<li>Wm Peters</li> +<li>Heirs H Chubb</li> +<li>Joseph Nichols</li> +<li>James R Ruel & Robert Light</li> +<li>Mrs Chas C Macdonald (3)</li> +<li>Jos W Hall (2)</li> +<li>W H Scovil</li> +<li>R T Clinch and heirs E Barlow</li> +</ul> + + +<h4 style="margin-top:1em;">UNION STREET.</h4> +<ul class="names"> +<li>J C Brown estate</li> +<li>Peter and John Campbell</li> +<li>Daniel Donovan</li> +<li>Mrs Lantalum (2)</li> +<li>J W Hall (2)</li> +<li>John Gallivan</li> +<li>John McSweeny (3)</li> +<li>Heirs D J McLaughlin</li> +<li>C Lawton</li> +<li>James Dever</li> +<li>J Fred Lawton</li> +<li>L Burns</li> +<li>J Hegan</li> +<li>John Lloyd</li> +<li>Hare heirs</li> +<li>Mrs John Bryden</li> +<li>John Higgins</li> +<li>A Richardson</li> +<li>A Yeats & Sons (3)</li> +<li>J & T Robinson (2)</li> +</ul> + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 239 --><a name="Page_239" id="Page_239"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XVII" id="CHAPTER_XVII"></a>CHAPTER XVII.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The losses of the Masonic Fraternity.—Great Destruction of Masonic +Regalia and Paraphernalia.—Organization of the General Masonic +Board of Relief.—Amount received in Aid of the Suffering Brethren.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">The</span> losses of the Masonic fraternity have been computed, +and found to be much greater than was at first supposed. +The private lodges saved nothing, and all their warrants, +banners, jewels, clothing, and other paraphernalia were +lost. Some of them even did not rescue their seals; and +Hibernia, Union Lodge of Portland, and New Brunswick +Lodge, lost their records. The Union Lodge of Portland +was a heavy loser. Her loss amounts to <a name="tn_png_281"></a><!--TN: Colon after "$1,250" changed to a semicolon-->$1,250; Albion, +No. 1, $850; St. John's, No. 2, about $600; Leinster, No. +9, and New Brunswick, No. 22, foot up to $750 each; +and Hibernia, No. 3, to $850.</p> + +<p>The Chapters have also fared badly. Carleton Royal +Arch Chapter, formed in 1802, lost the seal and $1,150 +worth of property; while New Brunswick Chapter meets +with a loss of $1,475.</p> + +<p>There were two Encampments which met in Masonic +Hall. St. John Encampment not only lost $2,300 worth +of property, which included the rich regalia of the order, +the jewels, banners, charters, and general paraphernalia, +but also the seal of the Encampment, and the regalia in +the armory, which was owned by the private members. +This latter consisted for the most part, of the chapeaux,<!-- Page 240 --><a name="Page_240" id="Page_240"></a> +swords, belts, gauntlets, baldrics, aprons, etc., usually +worn by the Sir Knights when on parade and other duty. +Hardly a member of the organization saved his masonic +clothing. The regalia of this body was especially gorgeous +in character, and no better dressed organization, before +the fire, existed anywhere. The Union De Molay Encampment +experienced the same loss of general wardrobe and +appliances. Their loss reaches upwards of two thousand +dollars. The bodies of the Ancient and Accepted Rite +lost everything but the records. The Royal Order of +Scotland—a very select body,—saved their records only; +the entire paraphernalia and regalia were lost. All the +furniture and furnishings, the organ, etc., belonging to the +General Hall Committee of the body, with all the paintings, +photographs, and engravings, were destroyed with +the rest.</p> + +<p>Only the regalia and records, and full register of members +belonging to the Grand Lodge were saved. The +magnificent library of over four hundred volumes, many +of them rare and scarce, and the most complete thing of +the kind in the Dominion, was burned. In the work of +collecting these books, the Grand Secretary, W. F. Bunting, +Esq., spent many years; and the destruction of the +noble volumes is a serious and irreparable loss to Freemasonry; +many of the books destroyed can never be +replaced. Besides this, a good many were of incalculable +value, on account of certain associations connected with +them, and each one had a little history of its own. Some +of them were presentation volumes, others again were out<!-- Page 241 --><a name="Page_241" id="Page_241"></a> +of print, and not a few were high-priced modern text-books, +especially valuable to the masonic student. All +the blank forms and certificates, fyles of documents and +books of constitutions, and all copies of printed proceedings +were swept away in the common ruin. Grand Lodge +has suffered severely, and her total loss above insurance +cannot be less than one thousand dollars; while the loss +she has met with which money cannot replace is enormous. +Even Carleton Union Lodge, which met on the +other side of the harbour, did not escape. Her beautiful +banners, which she had lent St. John Encampment at the +time of the late ball, were in the lodge room when the <a name="tn_png_z283"></a><!--TN: "fir" changed to "fire"-->fire +was sweeping all before it, and they were consequently +burned.</p> + +<p>The walls of the Lodge-room were always tastefully +decorated with well executed engravings on Masonic subjects. +These all perished, as well as the handsome auto-type +of H. R. H. the Prince of Wales in full Masonic +regalia, which was presented to the craft last year, by +Thomas Furlong, Esq., and which was greatly admired. +An oil painting of P. G. M. Balloch, by Holman, in full +Masonic clothing, which hung near the Master's Chair, +and a fine picture in oil of "The Ascension," by Dr. T. A. +D. Forster, formerly of St. John, were burned along with +everything else. Indeed the fraternity will find it impossible +to replace a tithe of the useful and ornamental +things with which it was surrounded. The order in this +city was well equipped, and amply provided with everything.<!-- Page 242 --><a name="Page_242" id="Page_242"></a></p> + +<p>Notwithstanding, however, that they had suffered +so largely themselves, publicly and privately, as individuals +and as masons, the leading members of the fraternity +at once organized a board of relief and proceeded to care +for the wants of the brethren who had met with reverses. +The general masonic board of relief is a special organization +which grew out of the present calamity, and is separate +and distinct from the regular or ordinary relief board of +the city. It is composed of city members of the Board of +General Purposes of the Grand Lodge, and the presiding +officers of all the Masonic bodies of the city. Grand +Master R. T. Clinch is Chairman, Grand Treasurer Jas +McNichol, Jr., is Treasurer, and Grand Secretary William +F. Bunting is Secretary of the board. R. W. Bro. Edwin +J. Wetmore is clerk, and has charge of the office and attends +daily from three to five o'clock in the afternoon, to +receive applications from brethren in distress. The board +meets every day, in the office rented for the purpose, from +four to five o'clock to consider applications and grant such +relief as they deem advisable. In the administration of +the fund at their disposal the board exercises great discretion +and discrimination. Not only are brethren of the +craft helped, but the hearts of their widows and orphans +are made glad. Often the board does not wait for a distressed +brother to make application for relief, but other +means are taken to find out his necessities and aid is sent +to him whenever this can be ascertained. All benefits +are granted in money, and range from sums of twenty to +fifty dollars, payable by check signed always by the treas<!-- Page 243 --><a name="Page_243" id="Page_243"></a>urer, +and one other officer of the board. As soon as money +is received it is deposited in the Bank of British North +America, in the names of the Chairman, Treasurer and +Secretary. The system works admirably and already a +great amount of good, in really necessitous cases, has been +done. The gentlemen at the head of the board are men +of sterling character and reputation, and any funds placed +in their hands are judiciously and properly disbursed. +Every provision is being made for the coming winter +months, when it is expected that sore distress will prevail +in the city, and with this in view the board feel the +necessity of having a good fund at their disposal to meet +the wants of worthy but unfortunate members of the fraternity. +Thus far the craft abroad have responded to the +needs of the suffering brethren quite liberally. Up to late +date these sums have been received:</p> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="80%" summary="Sums From Craft Abroad"> +<tr><td align="right" width="10%" style="vertical-align:top;">From</td><td width="50%">Craft in Chicago, Ill.</td><td width="30%" align="right">$930 00</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="middle" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="spacedsingle">" </span></td><td>Grand Lodge of Canada</td><td align="right">1,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="middle" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span></td><td><span class="spacedquotes">" " </span> Illinois</td><td align="right">237 75</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="middle" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span></td><td>Craft in Charlottetown, P. E. I.</td><td align="right">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="middle" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span></td><td><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span>Newfoundland</td><td align="right">336 44</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="middle" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span></td><td>Masonic Relief Board, Memphis, Tenn.</td><td align="right">94 75</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="middle" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span></td><td>St. Andrew's Lodge, Bangor, Me.</td><td align="right">95 00</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="middle" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span></td><td>St. John's Lodge, Bathurst, N. B.</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="middle" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span></td><td>Star in the East Lodge, Oldtown, Me.</td><td align="right">66 50</td></tr> +<tr><td valign="middle" style="vertical-align:top;"><span class="spacedsingle"> " </span></td><td>Alexandria Lodge, St. Mary's, York Co., N. B. </td><td align="right">20 00</td></tr> +</table> + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 244 --><a name="Page_244" id="Page_244"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XVIII" id="CHAPTER_XVIII"></a>CHAPTER XVIII.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The Destruction—The Loss—Estimates—The Acreage and Streetage—Has +the Land Decreased in Value?—Incomes swept away—What is +Left—Hope!—The Insurance—The Corporation Loss—The Dominion +Loss—Additional Deaths—The Wounded—The Orange Body.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">In</span> forming an estimate of the destruction which the fire +has caused great care has been exercised. I have been +careful to verify every statement I advance. Thoroughly +competent engineers have, at my request, re-surveyed the +area through which the fire raged, and I am therefore in +a position to give reliable information on a subject which +has given rise to much speculation and doubt. The acreage +has been taken and the streetage made and the result +has shown that the fire destroyed two hundred acres of +territory and nine and six-tenths miles of streets. To be +more exact the acreage is not quite two hundred acres but +so very near it that it may be accepted at that estimate. +Not more than two-fifths of the city have been burned +and the reader will see the truth of this when he comes to +consider that Carleton which forms a part of this city has +been untouched by the flames, and all the upper portion +of the city has escaped. While the acreage and streetage +shew that the city is not totally destroyed, yet what has +been burned represented enormous value. The fire penetrated +to the very heart of the great commercial centre of +St. John. It laid waste the fairest portion of the city. +It swept away the palace-houses of our wealthy people<!-- Page 245 --><a name="Page_245" id="Page_245"></a> +and destroyed nearly every public building in the place. +When one considers all these circumstances and begins to +realize the situation, he is apt to form too high an estimate +of the loss. He looks around him while going about surveying +the ruins, and on every side he sees the great +waste and the figures forming in his head grow larger and +larger as he proceeds to sum up the result of the sad fire. +Every man has his own opinion, and it is curious to observe +how widely diversified these opinions are. The +cautious man places it at fifteen millions, and his hot +blooded and visionary friend with equal show of reason +estimates the loss at nearly fifty millions. The estimate +ranges widely and wildly. The books of the assessors on +examination show a loss to property of much less value than +even the owners put upon it before the fire. But one can +see how fallacious these results are, when the reader learns +that in making up the assessments the assessors value a +merchant's stock at not what it is, but what in their +opinion they think it should be. For instance, a man has +three hundred thousand dollars worth of stock in warehouse. +He really owns about fifty thousand dollars worth +and owes for the balance. He is not taxed on his debts +but on what he is worth. Yet the fire carried away the +sum total of the goods in his possession. The assessors' +books show hardly a tithe of the actual value of the loss. +It can only be correctly stated after a thorough examination, +and as nearly as can be ascertained the entire +destruction throughout the city reaches upwards of +twenty-seven millions of dollars. This is the loss in<!-- Page 246 --><a name="Page_246" id="Page_246"></a> +solid value. But that much money will not replace the +goods thus destroyed. There were many things burned +which were of what might be called fancy value, and +which money can in no way replace. And in making +our estimate these things have been valued only nominally. +The loss, therefore, in round figures, is not a whit +below the amount we have given, $27,000,000. The talk +about taxable property is all nonsense. Every man who +says so, knows that he is talking nonsense. Hardly a man +lives to-day who is taxed in the proportion that he should be. +The richer a man is, the more easily he can hide his wealth, +and an examination of the assessment books will enable +any reader to find a hundred examples in proof of this. +Another argument is brought forward. We are told that +the land is not burned up, and in that land there is great +value. That is true enough, every word of it. The land +is not burned out of existence. It is still where it was, +but it is by no means as valuable as it was before the fire. +A thousand circumstances were brought to bear on it, locality, +desirability, and necessity, and all these had an influence +in enhancing its value. Most of these reasons, and +cogent reasons they were too at the time, have now gone +out with the fire. Men who thought they must have a +piece of land because it was in a good situation, and because +it was located near their own lots, were ready to buy +what they wanted at a good price, often merely to carry +out some hobby or idea paramount in their minds. But +these ideas have vanished. This hobby can be ridden no +longer. He can have the lot now if he wants it, at a good<!-- Page 247 --><a name="Page_247" id="Page_247"></a> +deal lower rate than he offered for it, but he can't afford +it. The owner's means are swept away, and he cannot +afford to build again, and is anxious to sell his land, that +he can go and rent a house to live in. The land in almost +every part of the burnt district will drop, and has already +dropped, in value. It is still there, and so it was there a +hundred years ago. It is more valuable now than it was +then. I don't pretend to say that we are no better off than +when the loyalists landed, for we are. Our roads are laid +out; our people are thrifty, enterprising, and skilful. The +greater portion of the city is still intact. We have a splendid +system of water supply and sewerage. We have, or, +will have very soon, gas burning again. We will have +comforts once more. But what I do mean to say is, that +it will take very many years to build the city up again +as it was before the fire. It will take very many years to +enable the land-owner to realize anything like the price he +once commanded for his property. Of course, in the leading +business streets there will be but little difference, +though it will be felt in a good many quarters. Take +some portions of King and Prince William streets, for +example. Some men realized a snug income from the rental +of the shanties which were erected on good business +sites in these streets. They owned the land, and the shanties +were theirs. Their whole income came from this source. +Their wooden buildings yielded them a far more handsome +return for their outlay than many of the massive brick +buildings near them did to their owners. Why was this? +Simply because they were in a good locality. These shanties<!-- Page 248 --><a name="Page_248" id="Page_248"></a> +are now level with the earth. The revenue is swept away. +<a name="tn_png_z290"></a><!--TN: "hese" changed to "These"-->These men own the land, but their means are gone. They +cannot rebuild. If they did, the rent they would receive +would be far less than the rookeries yielded, and they +must sell their property or mortgage it. The land has lost +a great deal of its value, and it will take a long time for it +to regain that loss. We must look these things boldly and +seriously in the face. No reflection is made on the people +when these statements are advanced. No more enterprising +populace lives than the people of St. John. Many are +used to hard work. They have hewn out of the solid rock +one of the most beautiful cities in the Dominion. They +have met a thousand obstacles in their path, and they +have swept them all aside. And they will ride over their +calamity and begin again the hard road upward. They +will rebuild the city once more, and plant bright things +where ruin and despair now stand, but we must not flatter +ourselves that we have lost nothing, and that our land has +not deteriorated in value. It is as wrong to be over sanguine +as it is to give way to gloom and do nothing to better +our misfortunes. We must work with determination +and lose no time. We must show the world—that kind +world which has fed the mouths of our poor and clothed +the unfortunate—that there is backbone and muscle still +left in the city, and that while we have men to work +we have no women to weep. It might have been worse. +We have lost lives, we have lost all our buildings—we +have lost everything that goes to make home <a name="tn_png_290a"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "happy"-->happy, +cheerful and bright—we have lost our stores and shops<!-- Page 249 --><a name="Page_249" id="Page_249"></a>—we +have lost a hundred comforts—but, thank God, we +have not lost our glorious hope in the future. In that +hope is our salvation. It is that hope which stirs us on, +which quickens our energy, which tells us that it might +truly have been worse. It is the one beautiful thing that +is left to us. It is the angel which smiles back to us when +we raise our eyes upward. It is the figure in the cloud +which says to prostrate man, "Rouse, rouse yourself! all is +not lost, there is a future for you all." Ah, yes, it might +have been worse. There is desolation all around—there +is death in many households—there is mourning and crying +and moaning—but hope still sailing grandly near us, +so near that we can almost touch her, still smiling sweetly +on us, tells us all will yet be well and bids us be of good +cheer.</p> + +<p>The number of houses burned on the several streets in +the city, is sixteen hundred and twelve. They were +located as follows:</p> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="Number of Houses Burned by Street"> +<tr><td width="70%">Georges Street</td><td align="right" width="30%">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mill Street</td><td align="right">20</td></tr> +<tr><td>Drury Lane</td><td align="right">17</td></tr> +<tr><td>Smyth Street</td><td align="right">20</td></tr> +<tr><td>North Street</td><td align="right">5</td></tr> +<tr><td>North Market Slip</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hare's Wharf</td><td align="right">1</td></tr> +<tr><td>Robertson Place</td><td align="right">1</td></tr> +<tr><td>Fire Proof Alley</td><td align="right">2</td></tr> +<tr><td>North Market Wharf</td><td align="right">11</td></tr> +<tr><td>Nelson Street</td><td align="right">18</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dock Street</td><td align="right">26</td></tr> +<tr><td>Market Square</td><td align="right">6</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 250 --><a name="Page_250" id="Page_250"></a>South Market Wharf</td><td align="right">16</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ward Street</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>Peters' Wharf</td><td align="right">11</td></tr> +<tr><td>Johnston's Wharf</td><td align="right">2</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lovett's Slip</td><td align="right">1</td></tr> +<tr><td>St. John, "Water" Street</td><td align="right">51</td></tr> +<tr><td>Canterbury Street</td><td align="right">19</td></tr> +<tr><td>Prince William Street</td><td align="right">95</td></tr> +<tr><td>Germain Street</td><td align="right">87</td></tr> +<tr><td>Charlotte Street</td><td align="right">84</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sydney Street</td><td align="right">75</td></tr> +<tr><td>Carmarthen Street</td><td align="right">59</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wentworth Street</td><td align="right">34</td></tr> +<tr><td>Pitt Street</td><td align="right">38</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sheffield Street</td><td align="right">52</td></tr> +<tr><td>Main Street</td><td align="right">58</td></tr> +<tr><td>Britain Street</td><td align="right">101</td></tr> +<tr><td>St James Street</td><td align="right">98</td></tr> +<tr><td>Pagan Place</td><td align="right">9</td></tr> +<tr><td>Harding Street</td><td align="right">15</td></tr> +<tr><td>Queen Square, south side</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>Queen Square, north side</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>St Andrew Street</td><td align="right">17</td></tr> +<tr><td>Queen Street</td><td align="right">80</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mecklenburg Street</td><td align="right">44</td></tr> +<tr><td>Duke Street</td><td align="right">105</td></tr> +<tr><td>Horsfield Street</td><td align="right">17</td></tr> +<tr><td>Orange Street</td><td align="right">42</td></tr> +<tr><td>Princess Street</td><td align="right">106</td></tr> +<tr><td>Church Street</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>Leinster Street</td><td align="right">45</td></tr> +<tr><td>King Square, south side</td><td align="right">6</td></tr> +<tr><td>King Street</td><td align="right">60</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td> Total</td><td align="right">1612</td></tr> +</table> +<!-- Page 251 --><a name="Page_251" id="Page_251"></a> + +<p>The number of people rendered homeless foot up to +about thirteen thousand, and the number of families to +about twenty-seven hundred. As near as can be got, the +insurance on merchandise, furniture and buildings, is +placed as follows. This is not quite correct but at this +hour it is as nearly correct as can be ascertained. It will +average this at all events, and amounts in the aggregate +to about seven millions of dollars.</p> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="Insurance"> +<tr><td width="70%">Queen</td><td align="right" width="30%">$700,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>North British & Mercantile</td><td align="right">800,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lancashire</td><td align="right">500,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Provincial</td><td align="right">100,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Liverpool, London & Globe</td><td align="right">480,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Guardian</td><td align="right">420,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Canada Fire & Marine</td><td align="right">50,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Citizens</td><td align="right">200,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>National</td><td align="right">140,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Royal</td><td align="right">520,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Commercial Union</td><td align="right">420,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Royal Canadian</td><td align="right">350,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Western</td><td align="right">90,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Imperial</td><td align="right">480,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ætna</td><td align="right">246,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hartford</td><td align="right">148,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Phenix of Brooklyn</td><td align="right">60,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>British America</td><td align="right">27,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Stadacona</td><td align="right">320,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Central, of Fredericton</td><td align="right">60,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>St John Mutual</td><td align="right">75,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Northern</td><td align="right">500,000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Canada Agricultural</td><td align="right">8,000</td></tr> +</table> + +<p>Most of the Insurance Companies paid up at once<!-- Page 252 --><a name="Page_252" id="Page_252"></a> +"The Stadacona" pays its liabilities within a year. The +"Provincial" has suspended but promises to pay in time +and the condition of the "St. John Mutual" is quite hopeless, +and will pay scarcely anything. The "Central" of +Fredericton, N.B., will pay in a short time, it is said.</p> + +<p>The loss to the shipping will amount to about fifty +thousand dollars. The St. John Corporation loses heavily, +and the insurance which was held on some properties is +exceedingly light. The City Hall cost, at the time of its +purchase from the directors of the old Commercial Bank, +the sum of $23,000. Since then a good deal of money has +been expended on it. The insurance was only $15,000. +The Police Court and station on Chipman's Hill, which +were both burned, the one a wooden building and the +other of brick, had insurance to the small amount of +$2,000. The Fish Market, useful and by no means ornamental, +was insured for $600. The Lower Cove Market, +the upper or second story of which contained a public +hall, and was used by temperance societies sometimes, +was insured for $1,200. In the rear of the first floor of +this building, a lock-up was situate, for the accommodation +of delinquents and law-breakers in that portion of +the city. The city stables on Carmarthen street were +uninsured, as was also the toll house at the Carleton ferry +landing. The building occupied by Mr. May at Reed's +point, and which was owned by the corporation, was +insured for <a name="tn_png_296"></a><!--TN: "1,000" changed to "$1,000"-->$1,000. Two cottages on Orange street were +insured for $3,000. These were occupied by Mr. A. J. H. +Bartsch, the watch-maker, and by Mr. Chas. Parker. Mr.<!-- Page 253 --><a name="Page_253" id="Page_253"></a> +Samuel Phillips' residence, on Duke street, and which +belonged to the corporation, was insured for $400. The +warehouses on Pettingill's Wharf had insurance to the +amount of $5,000. The barrack and sheds belonging to +the city were uninsured. Two-thirds of the fire alarm was +destroyed, and all the watering-carts, slovens, hose, &c., +belonging to the corporation, were burned. No. 1 +engine-house was destroyed. No. 2 experienced a little +damage after Dr. Travers' house caught fire. The sidewalks +can only be replaced at a heavy cost, and the damage +to the wharf property is enormously large.</p> + +<p>The Dominion Government loses about half a million +dollars. The Custom House and Post Office will be rebuilt +at once, and plans are already prepared. All the Government +military stores were burned, and the three hundred +rifles belonging to the 62nd battalion were lost. Most +of the new uniforms belonging to the corps perished likewise. +None of the Dominion Government's property was +insured, and the loss will therefore be complete.</p> + +<p>The list of callings has been carefully gone over, and +shows a return of the following, who have been burned +out:—</p> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="List of Callings Burned Out"> +<tr><td width="70%">Architects</td><td align="right" width="30%">4</td></tr> +<tr><td>Auctioneers</td><td align="right">7</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bakers</td><td align="right">11</td></tr> +<tr><td>Banks</td><td align="right">5</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bankers, Private</td><td align="right">4</td></tr> +<tr><td>Barristers</td><td align="right">80</td></tr> +<tr><td>Blacksmiths</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>Block and pump makers</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 254 --><a name="Page_254" id="Page_254"></a>Boarding-houses</td><td align="right">55</td></tr> +<tr><td>Boat builders</td><td align="right">5</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bookbinders</td><td align="right">5</td></tr> +<tr><td>Book stores</td><td align="right">7</td></tr> +<tr><td>Boot and shoemakers</td><td align="right">38</td></tr> +<tr><td>Boot and shoe stores</td><td align="right">14</td></tr> +<tr><td>Brass founders</td><td align="right">6</td></tr> +<tr><td>Builders</td><td align="right">27</td></tr> +<tr><td>Cabinet makers</td><td align="right">9</td></tr> +<tr><td>Clothiers</td><td align="right">29</td></tr> +<tr><td>Commission merchants</td><td align="right">93</td></tr> +<tr><td>Confectioners</td><td align="right">6</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dentists</td><td align="right">9</td></tr> +<tr><td>Druggists</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dry goods (wholesale)</td><td align="right">14</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dry goods (retail)</td><td align="right">22</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dining and oyster saloons</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>Flour dealers</td><td align="right">32</td></tr> +<tr><td>Fruit dealers</td><td align="right">7</td></tr> +<tr><td>Grocers (wholesale)</td><td align="right">40</td></tr> +<tr><td>Grocers (retail)</td><td align="right">102</td></tr> +<tr><td>Gasfitters and plumbers</td><td align="right">9</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hair dressers</td><td align="right">13</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hardware stores</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hotels</td><td align="right">14</td></tr> +<tr><td>Insurance agents</td><td align="right">29</td></tr> +<tr><td>Iron merchants</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td>Liquor dealers (wholesale)</td><td align="right">27</td></tr> +<tr><td>Liquor dealers (retail)</td><td align="right">116</td></tr> +<tr><td>Livery stables</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td>Lumber merchants</td><td align="right">12</td></tr> +<tr><td>Marble works</td><td align="right">6</td></tr> +<tr><td>Merchant tailors</td><td align="right">36</td></tr> +<tr><td>Newspapers</td><td align="right">7</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 255 --><a name="Page_255" id="Page_255"></a>Painters</td><td align="right">13</td></tr> +<tr><td>Photographers</td><td align="right">6</td></tr> +<tr><td>Physicians and surgeons</td><td align="right">15</td></tr> +<tr><td>Printers (job work)</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>Riggers</td><td align="right">7</td></tr> +<tr><td>Sailmakers</td><td align="right">5</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ship chandlers</td><td align="right">14</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ship smiths</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td>Stove dealers</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td>Tobacconists</td><td align="right">7</td></tr> +<tr><td>Undertakers</td><td align="right">4</td></tr> +<tr><td>Watchmakers and jewellers</td><td align="right">12</td></tr> +</table> + +<p>The following list shows the manufacturing establishments, +using steam power, which were destroyed, and gives +the number of hands employed in each:—</p> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="80%" summary="Steam Power Manufacturing Establishments Destroyed"> +<tr style="vertical-align:top;"><th width="40%">Name.</th><th width="40%">Business.</th><th width="20%">No. of hands employed.</th></tr> +<tr><td>Jeremiah Drake</td><td>Block maker</td><td align="right">5</td></tr> +<tr><td>John E. Turnbull</td><td>Sash factory</td><td align="right">18</td></tr> +<tr><td>Armstrong Bros.</td><td>Foundry</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>T. Rankine & Sons</td><td>Bakery</td><td align="right">30</td></tr> +<tr><td>S. R. Foster & Son</td><td>Tack manufacturers</td><td align="right">50</td></tr> +<tr><td>W. D. Aitken</td><td>Machinist</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>John Norris</td><td>Auger maker</td><td align="right">2</td></tr> +<tr><td>R. A. Saunders</td><td>Pattern maker</td><td align="right">2</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wm. Lowe</td><td>Wood turner</td><td align="right">1</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wm. Smith & Co.</td><td>Ship-smith</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td>H. Allan</td><td>Brass foundry</td><td align="right">8</td></tr> +<tr><td>Maxwell, Elliot & Bradley</td><td>Ship smiths</td><td align="right">4</td></tr> +<tr><td>Dearborn & Co.</td><td>Coffee and spices</td><td align="right">10</td></tr> +<tr><td>J. Akroyd</td><td>Machinist</td><td align="right">1</td></tr> +<tr><td>J. Smith</td><td>Foundry</td><td align="right">4</td></tr> +<tr><td>Geo. F. Thompson</td><td>White lead man'r</td><td align="right">7</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 256 --><a name="Page_256" id="Page_256"></a>D. McLaughlin & Sons</td><td>Boiler makers</td><td align="right">15</td></tr> +<tr><td>T. McAvity & Sons</td><td>Brass manufacturers</td><td align="right">16</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bradley Bros.</td><td>Block makers</td><td align="right">—</td></tr> +<tr><td>Geo. R. Bent</td><td>Organs</td><td align="right">—</td></tr> +</table> + +<p>This, and the list above, I use through the permission +of Mr. Elder, of <i>The Telegraph</i>, who had them carefully +made up from reliable sources.</p> + +<p>In addition to the number of deaths mentioned in one +of the earlier chapters of this book, very large addenda +must be made. Since that chapter was written, a good +many more persons are known to have perished. The list +on the death-roll is very large. Mr. Garret Cotter, a +young man, working in the tailoring establishment of Mr. +James S. May, as a cutter, and an old man named Peter +McGovern, who lived on Straight Shore, met their +deaths at the same time and at the same place. A +cornice fell from the Adam's building and killed them. +Young Cotter lived in Crown Street with his mother. +His father met with a violent death some years since, +having been killed on the railway. Two young men +were drowned in the harbour before the very eyes of +horror-stricken spectators. James Kemp, aged 21, formerly +a clerk in Michael Farrel's clothing store, and +Thomas Holmes, a lad of seventeen years, and who resided +in Harding Street with his mother, put out to sea in a +small boat laden with what little property they could get +into it. The bottom of the boat broke, and the craft +filling at once, both men were drowned in a second. The +people on vessels in the harbour lying close by the<!-- Page 257 --><a name="Page_257" id="Page_257"></a> +ill-fated boat, were so excited at what they saw, and the +men sank so rapidly, that nothing could be done to save +them, and they perished in full view of those on board. +Kemp leaves a wife and one child. Mrs. Cohalan, wife +of Wm. Cohalan, was lost in Smyth Street. Her body +was never recovered, but it is established beyond all doubt +that she fell an early victim. All that was left of Mrs. +Bradley, who once lived in Princess Street, were some +human bones which were found on her door-step after the +fire. The remains of Richard Thomas, an employé in +Fred. Fitzpatrick's warehouse in Nelson Street, were +found on the site of Richard O'Brien's saloon in Germain +Street. Robert Fox, who belonged about the Marsh Road, +has been pronounced dead.</p> + +<p>The accidents were very numerous, and were of various +degrees of importance. In the hurry, the names of all +persons who suffered by the fire, and had experienced +bruises and fractures, could not be obtained. Some were +sent at once to the Public Hospital, and even here there +was not time to fully record the names of all who were +brought in. The physician in charge, Dr. Hanington, did +all in his power to make the unfortunates comfortable and +easy. The matron of the establishment and other assistants +also rendered efficient and prompt aid. The names +of those who were for a while in the Hospital, and received +injuries at the fire are Daniel Dooley, John Ross, Patrick +Brady, William Coxetter, William Donohoe, Helen Davidson, +Bayard Thompson, Walter Lamb (injured at the explosion), +Andrew Donovan, Michael Barrett, William<!-- Page 258 --><a name="Page_258" id="Page_258"></a> +Porter, Jeremiah Sullivan, Thomas Sullivan, Richard +Powers, John Anderson and George Gallagher. The last +two men died in the Hospital from the effects of their +wounds.</p> + +<p>The thanks of the people of St. John are largely due +to C. J. Brydges, Esq., and R. Luttrell, Esq., of the Intercolonial +Railway, who promptly placed fast trains at the +service of the Relief Committee, and forwarded free passengers +and supplies. Excellent service was thus performed, +and Mr. Luttrell lost no time in meeting the +emergency. Indeed he spent several days in relieving the +wants of the sufferers. Few will forget these kindly acts.</p> + +<p>In concluding this chapter I might add that the Orange +Lodges which met in Mr. Thos. H. Hall's building, King +street, lost quite heavily. Their regalia was, for the most +part, entirely consumed, but the banners were saved. The +insurance on the hall and furniture was only five hundred +dollars. The members had gone to a great deal of expense +lately in fitting up their lodge-room, which was one of the +tastiest in the city. The decorations were very handsome. +The loss will reach at least two thousand dollars. A relief +organization has been formed by leading brethren of the +order, and the wants of sufferers by the fire are being +looked after. The Grand Master, Edward Willis, and +Messrs. A. G. Blakslee, John A. Kane, J. B. Andrews, Walter +McFate, W. A. King, W. Roxorough, James Elliott, +and Samuel Devenne, comprise the Relief Committee.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 259 --><a name="Page_259" id="Page_259"></a> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XIX" id="CHAPTER_XIX"></a>CHAPTER XIX.</h2> + +<p class="chapterdescribe">The Books we have Lost—"The Lost Arts"—The Libraries of St. John +which were Burned—The Pictures which were Lost—The Few that were +Saved—A Talk about Books and Pictures—The Future—What St. John +men must Do—Acknowledgments—Conclusion of the Story of the Fire.</p> + + +<p style="text-indent: 0em;"><span class="firstwords">It</span> is only when we come to look around us that we can +discover how much we have lost. In one's lifetime a +thousand little things are gathered and put away, and we +find ourselves turning to them every now and then. +Money cannot supply these. Many of them are endeared +to us through association. Some are the gifts of friends +who have since passed away, never to return, and others +again came into our possession in various ways. We may +supply, with a portion of our insurance money, a few books, +copies of the ones which we have lost, but these will not +be the same. They will not be our copies. We love to +read our own books. No Suckling can be the same as +the one we lost the other day. It was not a rich copy, +but it was a whole-souled, generous old fashioned <a name="tn_png_303"></a><!--TN: Period changed to a comma after "volume"-->volume, +full of the old Knights daintiest bits of melody. We +used to love to linger over the little age-stained page, and +recover lines we had lost. And dear old Shenstone, too, +is gone. We can easily get another Shenstone, but it +won't seem at all like the old copy. In our own books +we know just where to find what we want, and new +copies never seem the same. And then there are books<!-- Page 260 --><a name="Page_260" id="Page_260"></a> +we like to take up now and then, just to fill in the odd +moments of our lives; books of engravings and the like, +and volumes of <i>Punch</i>, and great volumes of cartoons of +say forty and fifty years ago. These are all gone now +and few can be replaced.</p> + +<p>What great inroads the fire has caused among our private +libraries, what a wreck it has made of those precious +books we all loved so dearly. And those pamphlets, too, +upon which we placed so much value, and the thousand +little odds and ends of literature which we so tenderly +gathered year in and year out. And our scrap-books—great, +good-natured fellows, with broad sides and liberal +pages, ready to take in all sorts of matter. These are no +more. And whole hosts of unbound magazines, which we +had tied together, and expected every day to send off to +the binders. These are ashes too. We hesitate before +we turn over the books we rescued from the burning, +lest we discover greater losses, and miss fairer treasures. +How many sets of books have been destroyed, how +many massive tomes have been withered by the heat, +how many dainty books of poetry have been swept +away!</p> + +<p>What lovely companions books are. What glorious +friends they make. How kindly they speak to us and +tell us what they think. We read gruff Tom Carlyle, and +pause at his estimate of Cromwell, and hunt through the +histories of England to see what Smollett and Hume have +to say about the same grim protector. We run through +a few pages of Taine and <a name="tn_png_z304"></a><!--TN: "iscover" changed to "discover"-->discover how grandly he criticises<!-- Page 261 --><a name="Page_261" id="Page_261"></a> +the masters of English literature, but after all we go back +fondly to our own Arnold, and read what he has to tell +us before we quite make up our mind that the clever +Frenchman is right. We sit at the feet of Holmes and +read a chapter or two of his matchless Autocrat, and then +with our mind full of the delicious sweets, we get down +our copy of Hunt and after skimming a page or two of +his "Seer," dip into the crisp and sparkling pages of +Hazlitt's <i>Round Table</i>. Ah, yes! the fire may take all +else we have if it will only leave us our books. True, a +man, as the bard hath it—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="iout">"May live without books—what is knowledge but grieving?<br></span> +<span class="i0">He may live without hope—what is hope but deceiving?<br></span> +<span class="i0">He may live without love—what is passion but pining?<br></span> +<span class="i0">But where is the man who can live without dining?"<br></span> +</div></div> + +<p>But after all the mind craves as much for food of its +kind, as the stomach does for meats and bread.</p> + +<p>Though in St. John we had no public library, there +were very many private collections of books in the city. +Some of them were very large and well-selected. Dr. +Wm. Bayard's collection, not one volume of which was +saved, was beyond all question the fullest and ripest medical +library in the Dominion. It was the accumulation of +many years. The collection was begun by his father and +added to largely by the Doctor himself. Some rare medical +works, rich in plates, costing as high as £30 sterling +each, were to be found here, besides books covering the +whole range of medical thought and practice. The English +classics, exhibiting the very cream of letters, and<!-- Page 262 --><a name="Page_262" id="Page_262"></a> +some fine specimens of modern literature filled acceptably +the doctors shelves. Not a volume was saved. Indeed +a photograph album was the only article rescued +from the burning house. Mr. James R. Ruel, the Collector +of Customs had a fine library, rich in theology and +literature of the higher class. Controversial <a name="tn_png_z306"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "works"-->works, +books of science, and the whole range of British Poetry, +ever found a welcome on Mr. Ruel's library table. In the +departments of History and Geography this library was +especially rich and full, and every work of character about +the Reformation in England could here be consulted. Mr. +Ruel's reading in this department was extensive, and he +made writings of this kind his especial study. His whole +collection, rare and costly as it was, and representing the +labour of many years, perished before a hand could be +raised in its defence. Mr. B. Lester Peters's library showed +great care and culture in its selection. It too was very +complete in History, Biography, Belles-lettres and Theology. +Mr. Peters's fine literary taste served him well in making +his collection of books, and nearly all his volumes displayed +wonderful skill in rich bindings. In old play-wrights, +such as Shakespeare, Jonson, Massinger, Beaumont +and Fletcher, and the other famous ones of that glorious +age in literature—The Elizabethan—Mr. Peters's library +was ample. Indeed, in works of this class no finer collection +existed in the city. And in poetry which exhibited +the rarest thoughts of the bards, in the works of +such poets as Milton, Chaucer, Spenser, Dryden, Pope and +Clough, Mr. Peters's shelves contained a perfect mine of<!-- Page 263 --><a name="Page_263" id="Page_263"></a> +wealth. His collection of pamphlets, the labour of thirty +years, was unique and full. He had the whole of the +famous Connolly and Wilmot controversy, the scattered +papers of the late Dr. Gray, the Maturin pamphlets, the +Colenso pamphlets, the notes on the Lost Tribes of Israel, +and a thousand others, neatly and carefully put away in +cases specially prepared for them. Those are all gone, +and not a fragment remains. The gorgeous library of +John Boyd, Esq., of Queen Square, with its enormous collection +of works belonging to modern literature, its rare +list of old books, its magnificent sets of presentation +volumes from the authors, its numberless volumes that +come from the publishers to Mr. Boyd as gifts, were swept +away in an instant. The books in Mr. Boyd's cases were +a reflex of the owner's taste and judgment. He had not a +poor book among the whole. The entire range of English +and American essayists, the whole course of British and +American poetry, the cream of historical books, the ripest +thoughts of the philosopher, the most delightful gems of +fiction, the works of the scientists, and the great tomes of +biography, clad in the most luxuriant of luxurious bindings, +were the companions of Mr. Boyd's study. His lectures, +common-place books, scrap-books, in fact everything +which he possessed of a literary character were +burned. Even the literary notes which he made from +time to time in his record books during the odd moments +of his too unfrequent leisure, and the bits of criticism on +new poems which he occasionally made for future use on the +platform and elsewhere, perished in his desk. His entire<!-- Page 264 --><a name="Page_264" id="Page_264"></a> +intellectual labour vanished in an hour. Mr. A. L. Palmer's +splendid library with his own valuable annotations, Mr. +A. A. Stockton's voluminous and admirable library, begun +by his late uncle, and Mr. Chas. W. Weldon's Law and +general library were destroyed before their owners could +save a single book. The Rev. Dr. Watters's library, so rich +in theology and biography, was burned almost entirely. +Lately large additions had been made to this delightful +collection. A good many of the late Judge Chipman's best +books found their way here, and the most of these were +lost. Rev. Mr. Stavely's books were all burned, and not +one of Rev. Mr. Carey's fine collection escaped. Some of +his books were very rare and high-priced. Mr. Robert +Britain's books were of general and private interest. The +former embraced almost the whole range of English literature, +and the latter included the best books on chemistry +and science. Indeed in books belonging to the latter class, +it will be difficult to find so large a collection anywhere. +Mr. J. D. Underhill possessed a library of rare beauty and +value. It was very large in historical works and the writings +of the principal British, American and French authors. +In biography and fiction of the higher order there was +<a name="tn_png_z308"></a><!--TN: "a a" changed to "a"-->a good supply. Mr. Underhill, for several years, had been +a great book-buyer, and hardly a trunkfull was saved. +For costly books, handsomely bound, no richer collection +existed in St. John than the splendid library of Mr. Fred. +R. Fairweather. He had the entire set of Balzac's works +in the original, luxuriously and massively bound. His +Shakespeares, for he had several editions, copiously illus<!-- Page 265 --><a name="Page_265" id="Page_265"></a>trated +and exquisitely finished, were bound in heavy +antique morocco. His books of plates, his dramatic library, +his collection of plays of the Cumberland edition, his books +on costumes from the time of the Saxons to our own day, +represented large value, and a refined and cultured taste. +In dramatic literature alone, Mr. Fairweather's library was +probably the fullest in the Dominion. Indeed his loss in +this department is a positive loss to literature, and a collection +such as he owned can never be again supplied. +Many of the books are out of print, and cannot be purchased +to-day at any price. The books lost in the city, +on the day of the fire, will number many thousands of +volumes. No city of the size of St. John could boast of +finer private collections of books, anywhere. It will be +many years before collections as rich, as unique, and as +delightful can be procured again.</p> + +<p>In pictures, the loss met with is really irreparable. We +had no public gallery, because our citizens, whose means +admitted it, purchased for the walls of their own houses +a charming bit of colour now and then, or a delicate engraving +or a drawing. A few of the masterpieces of the +English and American artists found their way here from +time to time, and in the way of engravings the collection +was really quite large. We can only give a tithe of the +pictures lost. Dr. McAvenney possessed a decided gem +in water-colour, by Birket Foster, and a charming landscape +in oil from the brush of Mayner, an Irish artist. +The latter was a twenty pounds' picture, and one of the +prizes which came to St. John last year from the Irish Art<!-- Page 266 --><a name="Page_266" id="Page_266"></a> +Union. It was exceedingly vigorous, and, though small +in size, every detail was perfect. In addition to these, +Dr. McAvenney lost several fine engravings and one or +two exquisite drawings. Dr. Wm. Bayard's loss in pictures +is quite large. He owned a capital landscape, <i>The +Vale of Strathmore</i>, by John Cairns, of Edinburgh. This +was burned, with some others of lesser note, together +with a good many engravings, chiefly London Art Union +subjects. Mr. R. M. Longmaid lost all but one of his pictures. +Some of these were of great value, and included, +among a number of others, <i>Francis I. and Henry VIII. +on the Field of the Cloth of Gold</i>, by the late G. F. Mulvany, +R.H.A., and one of Cairns' Scotch subjects, showing +a striking bit of Highland scenery, called <i>Glen Cairn</i>. +The one picture saved was a Welsh Landscape, by A. +Vickers. This had been lent to a friend in the upper part +of the town, and was accordingly not burned. Mr. Charles +Campbell managed to preserve a number of his pictures; +among them the bold <i>Coast Scene</i>, by John Cairns, which +will be remembered by many who saw it as a very striking +study. Mr. W. C. Perley, among the very few +articles rescued from his house, saved two very pretty +little landscapes, one an Irish scene and the other a delicious +specimen of C. C. Ward's art. Mr. B. Lester Peters +lost nearly all of his engravings, but succeeded in rescuing +a study by F. W. Hulme, and a little gem by A. Vickers. +Hon. George E. King saved a few water colours by eminent +British artists, which he had. Mr. Donald G. MacKenzie, +who had half-a-dozen striking oil paintings, re<!-- Page 267 --><a name="Page_267" id="Page_267"></a>covered +them all a few days after the fire. Mr. John +Sears lost heavily in the Department of Art, but saved his +one great picture, a portrait which is an undoubted +Rubens, and one or two family likenesses. Mr. Stephen +J. King, whose treasures consist in drawings by McKewan, +Philps and others, and some oil-paintings, saved them all. +Mr. W. P. Dole lost a pair of very beautiful water-colour +drawings of Canadian scenery, by D. Gale, and three or +four excellent engravings. He was fortunate in saving +however, two charming works by Hulme, two small bits +by Vickers, two by G. A. Williams, one of C. C. Ward's +pieces, and one of the late John T. Stanton's best works. +Mr. Stanton was a New Brunswick artist of fine taste and +decided skill. Mr. Dole also saved some of his water-colours, +notably those by Bell Smith and Frantz. The +author lost an excellent drawing illustrating an idea in +Thackeray, and a number of clever caricatures from the pencil +of an amateur artist, Mr. Forbes Torrance, of Como, besides +several engravings of merit, and a massive bronze figure +representing Painting. Mr. Henry Vaughan lost his large +costly painting from the John Miller collection, of Liverpool, +England. Mr. James Stewart lost his whole collection of +paintings; several of these were of his own work, while a +number were by foreign artists. Mr. Stewart copied a +landscape painting by an English artist which came out +here as a prize, some years ago, and when his work +was finished and the two paintings hung side by side, +the owner did not know which was his own picture. +This copy was for some days in Mr. Notman's studio<!-- Page 268 --><a name="Page_268" id="Page_268"></a> +before the fire, and it is believed that it is lost, as no trace +has been had of it. The reader will see from this scanty +enumeration of known losses, how great has been the destruction +in art-treasures alone. We have not even hinted +at the wholesale destruction of bronzes, bas reliefs and bits +of sculpture and statuary. In these departments the loss +has been also very severe. No money can replace these +treasures. These were the things which rendered home +bright and happy. It is the love of art and literature +which refines and beautifies mankind. It is the book and +the picture, and the figure of pale marble which rouse a +thousand new delights. They take away the brutal in our +nature. They lift us up as it were. We look around the +room and the eye rests on something beautiful. We feed +our tastes. The picture on the wall refines us, the open +book fills the mind with a hundred delicate, footless fancies. +We breathe a new air. The etchings on the table, +the portfolio of drawings and the books of engravings give +to our mind a delight as wonderful as it is delicate and +delicious. Can money replace these? Can money buy +for us these pictures and books which have been for so +many years our companions and friends? Can money +replace the bronze figure? Can money bring to us again +the portrait of the dear one who lies out there in the green +wood buried? Can money supply us with that precious +volume of poetry which the author gave us just a year before +he died? We may make our homes bright again. +We may hang pictures on the walls. We may fill to the +full our book-cases and hanging-shelves once more with<!-- Page 269 --><a name="Page_269" id="Page_269"></a> +the great things in literature, but our thoughts will wander +back to the days before the fire came and robbed us of all +those delights which peopled and filled our homes. But we +must not give way altogether to gloom and despondency. +We must try and forget the past and devote all our energies, +all our brains and skill to the rebuilding of the +homes and workshops which have been scattered to the +winds. We must never rest till the great end is accomplished; +we must never cease working. As Christians, as +men, as the proud descendants of a sturdy and stalwart +race, we must show the world that we are not a generation +of pigmies, and that from these very ashes and ruins +a brighter, a more glorious and more prosperous city will +arise and resume her old place as the metropolis of the +Lower Provinces.</p> + +<p>I have told the story of the great fire in St. John in my +own way. I have tried to do justice to my theme. Like +many others I have passed through the flames, and +received as it were my first "baptism of fire." <a name="imperfections"></a>My +book has many imperfections. It was necessary that it +should be hastily prepared. My publishers demanded +this, and gave me a fortnight to write it in. I can therefore +claim nothing in favour of the book from a +literary point of view, but this I can claim—the history +is reliable in every particular. Not a statement within +its pages was committed to paper until it was thoroughly +and reliably avouched for. I have verified every word +which this volume contains; and while the haste in +which it was prepared precluded my paying much atten<!-- Page 270 --><a name="Page_270" id="Page_270"></a>tion +to style, the book is a complete record of the fire as +it was, and not as a lively imagination might like it to +be. Before taking leave of my readers, I must publicly +thank Mr. Joseph W. Lawrence for the splendid aid +which he gave me in furnishing the data and historical +information about our old churches and other edifices. I +had full access to his records and commonplace books, +and through these means was enabled to verify much +that had come to me in an imperfect condition. To Mr. +Gilbert Murdoch, C.E., and Mr. Wm. Murdoch, C.E., of +the Water Works and Sewerage Departments, I must +also return my thanks, for valuable information about +the water supply, for the capital map which accompanies +this volume, and for facts connected with the acreage and +streetage of the district burned. General Warner, Mayor +Earle, Mr. A. C. Smith, Mr. John Boyd, Mr. A. P. Rolph, +Mr. Dole, Mr. Hiram Betts, Mr. Elder, Mr. J. L. Stewart, +Mr. McDade, Mr. O'Brien, Mr. Stanley, Mr. G. B. Hegan +and others, also largely rendered me assistance in collecting +information, and to these gentlemen I return my +grateful thanks.</p> + +<p>The little <a href="#frontispiece">picture</a> of the ruins, by moonlight, of the +Germain street Baptist Church, was very kindly supplied +by Mr. John C. Miles, a St. John artist of good reputation. +I have great pleasure in acknowledging his politeness +here, and at this time.</p> + +<p>In conclusion, I might add, that to Mr. E. Lantalum +belongs the credit of sounding the first alarm of our great +fire.</p> +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 271 --><a name="Page_271" id="Page_271"></a> +<h2>ADDITIONAL LIST OF DONATIONS.</h2> + + +<h3>MONEY.</h3> +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="70%" summary="Additional Money Donated"> +<tr><td width="70%">A friend</td><td width="30%" align="right">$2 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ailsa Craig Presbyterian Church, <a name="tn_png_z315"></a><!--TN: Comma changed to a period after "Ont"-->Ont.</td><td align="right">18 60</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ayr Knox Church and Sacred Concert</td><td align="right">76 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Allendale, Ont. Methodist Church</td><td align="right">6 60</td></tr> +<tr><td>Augusta, Me.</td><td align="right">820 40</td></tr> +<tr><td>Barrie, Ont.</td><td align="right">166 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Baltimore, Md.</td><td align="right">80 62</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bobcaygeon Orangemen</td><td align="right">15 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Bangor, <a name="tn_png_z315a"></a><!--TN: Comma changed to a period after "Me"-->Me.</td><td align="right">5,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Belfast, Ireland</td><td align="right">£300 Stg</td></tr> +<tr><td>Buffalo, N. Y.</td><td align="right">$179 83</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chicago Union Stock Yards</td><td align="right">105 25</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chippawa, Ont. Trinity Church</td><td align="right">38 65</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chicago Apollo Musical Club, Concert</td><td align="right">990 75</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chicago, Ill.</td><td align="right">2,050 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chatham, N. B.</td><td align="right">250 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Capt. Thompson, ss. "Britannia,"</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Charlottetown, P. E. I.</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Charlottetown Odd Fellows' Entertainment</td><td align="right">208 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Departmental Clerks, Ottawa</td><td align="right">445 53</td></tr> +<tr><td>Edinburgh, Scotland</td><td align="right">£100 Stg</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ed. L. Evans, Rondeau, Ont.</td><td align="right"><a name="tn_png_z315b"></a><!--TN: $ added before "2"-->$2 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>E. & J. Burke, Dublin, Ireland</td><td align="right">250 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Fredericton, N. B.</td><td align="right">2,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Fergus, Ont.</td><td align="right">20 50</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 272 --><a name="Page_272" id="Page_272"></a>Geo. M. Fowler, British Consul, Aènfuegos</td><td align="right">$100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Glasgow, Scotland</td><td align="right">£1,000 Stg</td></tr> +<tr><td>Great Western Railway Employees</td><td align="right">$450 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>G. W. Davis, Boston, Mass.</td><td align="right">14 11</td></tr> +<tr><td>Galt, Ont., Churches</td><td align="right">114 69</td></tr> +<tr><td>Greenville, Nova Scotia</td><td align="right">16 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Huron Co. Council, Ont.</td><td align="right">2,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hayden, Gere & Co., New York</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hastings Co. Council Ont.</td><td align="right">1,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Jacob E. Klotz, Hamburg, Ont.</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mackenzie, Flatlands, N. B.</td><td align="right">2 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>M. McLeod, Cardigan, P. E. I.</td><td align="right">18 20</td></tr> +<tr><td>Miss Logan, Orillia, Ont.</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mansfield, P. E. I.</td><td align="right">55 50</td></tr> +<tr><td>New York</td><td align="right">2,105 90</td></tr> +<tr><td>Oshawa Benevolent Society</td><td align="right">30 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Petrolia, Penn.</td><td align="right">200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Presbyterian Churches, Wentworth, N. S.</td><td align="right">13 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Pictou, N. S.</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Portland, Me.</td><td align="right">4,500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Philadelphia, Penn.</td><td align="right">1,109 80</td></tr> +<tr><td>Picton, Ont.</td><td align="right">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>P. E. I. R. R. Employees</td><td align="right">62 45</td></tr> +<tr><td>Stewiacké</td><td align="right">40 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Chelsea, Mass.</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Springhill Mines, U. S.</td><td align="right">18 95</td></tr> +<tr><td>Toronto</td><td align="right">400 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Uxbridge, Ont.</td><td align="right">51 40</td></tr> +<tr><td>Victoria Co. Council, Ont.</td><td align="right">400 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wingham, Ont.</td><td align="right">15 50</td></tr> +<tr><td>Woodstock, Ont. Literary Institute</td><td align="right">37 25</td></tr> +<tr><td>Waterloo Co. Council, Ont.</td><td align="right">1,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Woodstock, N. B.</td><td align="right">151 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wm. Ingalls, Bolton, England</td><td align="right">£5 Stg.</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 273 --><a name="Page_273" id="Page_273"></a>Wroxeter and Fardwick Presbyterian Churches</td><td align="right">$55 24</td></tr> +<tr><td>Windsor, Ont.</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Yorkville, Ont.</td><td align="right">300 00</td></tr> +</table> + +<h3>SUPPLIES.</h3> + +<ul class="names"> +<li>Augusta, Me, clothing.</li> +<li>Brunswick, Me, clothing.</li> +<li>Carter & Co., Elora, Ont., potatoes.</li> +<li>Chicago Union Stock Yards, large quantity supplies.</li> +<li>C. Fawcett, Sackville, N. B., stoves.</li> +<li>D. Fiske, Fredericton, N. B. tracts.</li> +<li>D. G. Smith, Chatham, N. B. clothing.</li> +<li>Isaac M. Bragg, Bangor, Me., clothing.</li> +<li>J. Borland, Bowmanville, stoves.</li> +<li>James Stewart & Co., Hamilton, Ont., stoves.</li> +<li>J. C. Risteen, Fredericton, supplies.</li> +<li>James Hamilton, Port Elgin, potatoes.</li> +<li>J. L. Goodhue, plasterers' hair.</li> +<li>Milwaukee, Wis., supplies.</li> +<li>Montreal, supplies.</li> +<li>Mount Stewart, P. E. I., supplies.</li> +<li>Prof. John Owen, Cambridge, Mass., offers books and magazines for a library.</li> +<li>Salem, Mass., supplies.</li> +<li>Stewiacké, clothing.</li> +<li>Thurston Hall & Co., Cambridgeport, supplies.</li> +<li>Wm. Openheim & Son, New York, clothing.</li> +</ul> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 274 --><a name="Page_274" id="Page_274"></a> +<h2><a name="ADDENDA" id="ADDENDA"></a>ADDENDA.</h2> +<hr style="width: 10%;margin-top:1.25em;margin-bottom:1.25em;"> +<h3>SUPPLEMENTARY DONATIONS.</h3> + + +<h4 style="padding-top:1em;">MONEY.</h4> +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="80%" summary="Supplementary Money Donated"> +<tr><td colspan="3" width="70%">Bridgetown, Maine</td><td style="text-align:right;" width="30%">$70 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Dungannon</td><td style="text-align:right;">29 10</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Cornwall, Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Portsmouth, N. H.</td><td style="text-align:right;">697 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Salem</td><td style="text-align:right;">70 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Newfoundland Government</td><td style="text-align:right;">2,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Kingston, N. B.</td><td style="text-align:right;">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Stayner, Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">75 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Detroit, Michigan</td><td style="text-align:right;">427 81</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Baden, Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">2 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Stewart Henry, Montreal</td><td style="text-align:right;">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Bear River, Nova Scotia</td><td style="text-align:right;">105 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Hughes, Thomas, London, England</td><td style="text-align:right;">£10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">St. George's Church, Trenton, Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">$15 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">St. John County Agricultural Society</td><td style="text-align:right;">400 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Winnipeg <i>Free Press</i></td><td style="text-align:right;">53 05</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Chesterfield, Ontario, Presbyterian Church</td><td style="text-align:right;">57 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Bailey & Noyes, Portland, Maine</td><td style="text-align:right;">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Port Hope</td><td style="text-align:right;">8 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Sydney, C. B.</td><td style="text-align:right;">295 40</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Musquodoboit</td><td style="text-align:right;">5 25</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Listowel, Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">140 35</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Coristine, James & Co., Montreal</td><td style="text-align:right;">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3"><span class="spacedquotes"> " " </span>Employés</td><td style="text-align:right;">71 60</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3"><!-- Page 275 --><a name="Page_275" id="Page_275"></a>Milwaukee, Wisconsin</td><td style="text-align:right;">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Bark "Cedar Croft," Captain and Crew</td><td style="text-align:right;">£5 3 0</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Mayor of Brooklyn, New York</td><td style="text-align:right;">$50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Lœser & Co., Brooklyn, New York</td><td style="text-align:right;">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Winnipeg</td><td style="text-align:right;">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Bridgewater, Nova Scotia</td><td style="text-align:right;">128 25</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Norfolk County Council, Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">500 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Ward & Payne, Sheffield, England</td><td style="text-align:right;">£10 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Kingston, Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">$340 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Oakville Odd Fellows' Open-air Concert</td><td style="text-align:right;">75 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Victoria, British Columbia</td><td style="text-align:right;">800 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Caledonia Restaurant, Winnipeg</td><td style="text-align:right;">21 50</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Mount Stewart, P. E. I.</td><td style="text-align:right;">25 50</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Virginia City, Nevada</td><td style="text-align:right;">250 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Thomas Frith & Sons, Sheffield, England</td><td style="text-align:right;">250 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Nellie H. Carleton, St. John, N. B.</td><td style="text-align:right;">3 64</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Chicago, Illinois</td><td style="text-align:right;">601 75</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Windsor, Nova Scotia</td><td style="text-align:right;">23 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Attleboro</td><td style="text-align:right;">15 21</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Westmoreland and Botsford Parishes, New Brunswick</td><td style="text-align:right;">95 25</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">J. J. Ronaldson & Sons, Sheffield, England</td><td style="text-align:right;">97 76</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Diocese of Huron, Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">2,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Toronto "Sons of England," Kent Lodge</td><td style="text-align:right;">30 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Trenton Concert</td><td style="text-align:right;">61 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Quebec</td><td style="text-align:right;">4,558 85</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Great Western Railroad Employés</td><td style="text-align:right;">300 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Methodist and Baptist Churches of Caledonia, N. S.</td><td style="text-align:right;">3 37</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Sent to G. Sidney Smith, Esq., for distribution, from Major-General and Mrs. Beauchamp Walker</td><td style="text-align:right;">£15 0 0</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Mrs. A. G. Foley, Peterboro', Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">$5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3">Sent to Rev. Dr. Maclise for distribution:—</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td width="5%"> </td><td colspan="2">From Houlton, Maine, by John McMaster</td><td style="text-align:right;">250 05</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">From Goodwill Church, Montgomery, New York, by Rev. J. M. Dickson</td><td style="text-align:right;">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="3"><!-- Page 276 --><a name="Page_276" id="Page_276"></a>Sent to Oddfellows' Fund:—</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Lynn, Mass., Providence Lodge</td><td style="text-align:right;">$50 07</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Clinton, Ontario, Warriner Lodge—Per J. B. King</td><td style="text-align:right;">75 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Westville, Nova Scotia, Scotia Lodge</td><td style="text-align:right;">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Boston Oddfellows—Per Grand Master Perkins</td><td style="text-align:right;">340 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Humboldt Bay, Cal., Eureka Lodge</td><td style="text-align:right;">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Woonsocket, Rhode Island, Woonsocket Lodge</td><td style="text-align:right;">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Empire Lodge, St. Catharines, Ontario</td><td style="text-align:right;">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td width="30%">Sarnia Lodge, Sarnia,</td><td>do.</td><td style="text-align:right;">43 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Cuyahoga Lodge, Cleveland, Ohio</td><td style="text-align:right;">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Romeo Lodge, Stratford</td><td style="text-align:right;">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Monami Lodge, Mechanics' Falls, Maine</td><td style="text-align:right;">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Crystal Wave Lodge, Pugwash, Nova Scotia</td><td style="text-align:right;">11 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">E. Ashley, Wilmot, C. E.</td><td style="text-align:right;">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">Engineering Department I. C. Railway</td><td style="text-align:right;">492 67</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td>Locomotive</td><td>Do</td><td style="text-align:right;">1,281 68</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td>Traffic and other</td><td>Do</td><td style="text-align:right;">347 70</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">J. S. Fry & Son, Bristol, England</td><td style="text-align:right;">£10 Stg.</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="2">John Carruthers, Kingston, Ont.</td><td style="text-align:right;">100 00</td></tr> +</table> + +<hr style="width: 10%;"> + + +<p>From returns in detail, just furnished by the Oddfellows' Lodges, +the results of the fire, in relation to its effects on individual members +appears to have been as follows:—</p> + +<table align="center" cellpadding="5" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;border-top-style:double;border-top-width: 6px; border-bottom:3px solid;border-collapse:collapse;border-color:black;" class="sum" width="100%" summary="Oddfellow Lodge Member Details"> +<tr><th colspan="2" width="30%" style="border-bottom:3px solid;border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">NAME OF LODGE.</th><th width="10%" style="border-bottom:3px solid;border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">Present Membership.</th><th width="10%" style="border-bottom:3px solid;border-right:3px solid;">No. of Sufferers</th><th width="10%" style="border-bottom:3px solid;border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">Dependents on Sufferers.</th><th width="10%" style="border-bottom:3px solid;border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">Total Sufferers and Depend's.</th><th width="30%" style="border-bottom:3px solid;border-color:black;">Approximate value of Propery lost by Sufferers.</th></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">Pioneer, No. 9</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">198</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">78</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;">182</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">260</td><td align="right">$392,860 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">Beacon, No. 12</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">118</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">36</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;">94</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">130</td><td align="right">113,550 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">Peerless, No. 19</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">83</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">10</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;">34</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">44</td><td align="right">26,560 00</td></tr> +<tr><td colspan="2" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">Siloam, No. 29</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-bottom:3px solid;border-color:black;">44</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-bottom:3px solid;border-color:black;">28</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-bottom:3px solid;border-color:black;">28</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-bottom:3px solid;border-color:black;">56</td><td align="right" style="border-bottom:3px solid;border-color:black;">24,440 00</td></tr> +<tr><td width="15%"> </td><td style="border-right:3px solid;"> Totals</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">443</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;">152</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">338</td><td align="right" style="border-right:3px solid;border-color:black;">490<td align="right">$557,410 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="5">Less Insurance</td><td align="right" style="border-bottom:3px solid;border-left:3px solid;border-color:black;">140,052 00</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td colspan="5">Net approximate Loss<td align="right" style="border-left:3px solid;border-color:black;">$417,358 00</td></tr> +</table> +<!-- Page 277 --><a name="Page_277" id="Page_277"></a> + +<p>Many of the sufferers had <i>no</i> insurance. The supposed superiority +of the fire department, and general efficiency of the water supply, +having led to a false security—to a popular belief that it was impossible +for St. John to be scourged by fire, as Boston and Chicago had +been.</p> + +<hr style="width: 10%;"> +<h4>SENT TO MASONIC FUND.</h4> + +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="80%" summary="Sent to Masonic Fund"> +<tr><td width="70%">Grand Lodge of Quebec</td><td align="right" width="30%">$200 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>A Brother, Newcastle, N. B.</td><td align="right">4 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>National Lodge, Chicago</td><td align="right">23 62</td></tr> +<tr><td>Knights Templars, Portland, Maine</td><td align="right">117 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Germania Lodge, Baltimore</td><td align="right">18 93</td></tr> +<tr><td>Grand Lodge, Louisiana</td><td align="right">189 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Carleton Union Lodge of Carleton, N. B.</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Grand Lodge of Wisconsin</td><td align="right">94 50</td></tr> +<tr><td>St. John's Lodge, Toronto</td><td align="right">150 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Phœnix Lodge, Nashville, Tenn.</td><td align="right">947 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Grand Lodge, Utah</td><td align="right">56 70</td></tr> +<tr><td>St. Andrew's Lodge, Frederickton, N. B.</td><td align="right">25 25</td></tr> +<tr><td>Loge des Cœurs Unis, Montreal</td><td align="right">50 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Rising Virtue Lodge, Mount Moriah Chapter, and St. John's Commandery, Bangor, Me.</td><td align="right">284 25</td></tr> +<tr><td>Detroit Commandery</td><td align="right">94 50</td></tr> +<tr><td>Springfield do.</td><td align="right">500 00</td></tr> +</table> + +<hr style="width: 10%;"> + +<h4>SUPPLIES.</h4> + +<ul class="names"> +<li>Halifax, N. S., 25 Stoves.</li> +<li>Boston Y. M. C. Union, Clothing.</li> +<li>Montreal, Clothing.</li> +<li>Musquodoboit, Clothing.</li> +<li>Toronto, Meats.</li> +<li>Taylor, Robert, Halifax, N. S., Boots.</li> +<li><!-- Page 278 --><a name="Page_278" id="Page_278"></a>Peke & Eaton, Halifax, N. S., Tea.</li> +<li>Hart, R. T. & Co., <span class="spacedquotes"> " </span>Supplies.</li> +<li>Victoria Corner, N. B., 12 pairs Boots.</li> +<li>Canterbury Ladies, Bedding.</li> +<li>Bridgetown, N. S., Supplies.</li> +<li>Rev. C. McMullin, Hartland, N. B., Butter.</li> +<li>Norwich, Ontario, Clothing.</li> +<li>Philadelphia Maritime Exchange, Clothing.</li> +<li>Gibson, Alexander, York County, Supplies.</li> +</ul> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" class="newpg"><!-- Page 279 --><a name="Page_279" id="Page_279"></a> +<a name="BRIEFACCOUNT"></a> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.25em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.75em;margin-bottom:.3em;">A BRIEF ACCOUNT</p> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:.8em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.75em;margin-bottom:.3em;">OF THE</p> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:2em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.25em;margin-bottom:.3em;">FIRE IN THE TOWN OF PORTLAND,</p> +<p style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1em;text-align: center;text-indent:0em;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1.2em;">SATURDAY MORNING, 20TH OCTOBER, 1877.</p> + + + +<p>Just four months after the great calamity in St. John, +the people of the Town of Portland were called upon to +endure a hardship of almost equal dimensions. In one +sense their endurance demanded even greater strength, for +their trouble came, not in summer when the grass was +green, and the air was soft and balmy, but in the very +heart of a New Brunswick Fall, when the wind pierced +the coarsest garment, and the ground was white with +frost. It was in the small hours of the morning too, that +men and women, half asleep and palsied by terror, rushed +wildly into the street, shivering with cold and trembling +with fear, as they heard the mad bell tolling the alarm. +They lived in the merest tinder boxes, and in many of +these were domiciled three, and sometimes four and five +families. It was a fire of terrible importance, and at one +time the destruction of the whole town was feared. But<!-- Page 280 --><a name="Page_280" id="Page_280"></a> +the lesson which the fire of June 20th taught had a salutary +effect on the people, and, aided by a brave band of +firemen, they made every effort to stay the onward march +of the flames, and in this, success was partly attained. +The fire destroyed seven blocks of buildings, and threw +into the street two hundred and ninety-five families, +which numbered, in the aggregate, fully three thousand +persons. Of buildings swept away, there were ninety-seven +dwelling houses, the Methodist Church and the Temperance +Hall. The actual loss is estimated at two hundred +and fifty thousand dollars, and the insurance scarcely +reaches the sum of seventy thousand dollars. One man +suffered a horrible death, and a number of people were +injured more or less seriously. The fire was indeed a sore +and bitter trial, and had it not been that the community +had only a short time before experienced the horrors of +the greater conflagration, the present calamity would have +ranked as one of the great fires of Canada. Coming so +soon after the St. John's scourge, men failed to realize at +once the magnitude of destruction which it caused. But +those who had twice passed through the flames knew to +their cost, and realized in an instant, what it was to be +burned out a second time. Seven hundred persons from +the burnt district of St. John's had taken up their residence +in the suburban town. They were in most cases +poor in a pecuniary sense, but their bands were strong, +and their hearts were not downcast. The flames had carried +away all their earthly possessions, and they found<!-- Page 281 --><a name="Page_281" id="Page_281"></a> +themselves the day after the fire comparatively penniless. +But there was work to do, and these men and women +sternly resolved to do it. They removed to Portland, secured +quarters there, and had just completed their arrangements +for the winter, when this fresh trouble broke out, +and once more they found themselves, with twenty-three +hundred others, in the street without a home, and no sheltering +roof over their heads. Their lot was indeed a sad +one, and no wonder is it, that some of them were loud in +complaint, and that many, women walked down from Fort +Home that day, and wept bitterly at the heartrending +sight which met their eyes. They saw desolation on the +plain below, and tall chimneys kept watch and ward over +a field of smouldering embers. The steam engines still +continued to play on the dying flames, though the sixth +hour of the fire had long since passed away, and men in +command hurried along the streets now giving orders, and +now working with the rank and file, striving to save what +remnants of property yet remained unburned, and caring +for the immediate needs of sufferers.</p> + +<p>The fire broke out at a quarter to three o'clock in the +morning, and originated in a wood-house in the centre of +the block, between Main and High Streets. This wood-house +was in the rear of Henry Pratt's house, and as fire +had been discovered in this locality, twice recently, many +believed that it was the fiendish work of an incendiary. +The fire spread with great rapidity, though there was little +wind at the time, and by three o'clock the entire block,<!-- Page 282 --><a name="Page_282" id="Page_282"></a> +Main Street on the north, Chapel Street on the south, Acadia +Street on the east, and Portland Street on the west +was one mass of flame. In another hour the fire raged +more violently, and was extending to the lower streets. +The firemen, who were early on the spot, worked with +untiring energy, and displayed almost superhuman endurance +and wonderful courage. Aid from the city came +very soon after the fire was observed, and the new contingent +also worked with admirable nerve, and exhibited +splendid skill in preventing the conflagration from spreading. +Members of the Town Council, with Chairman +Henry Hilyard at their head, made extraordinary efforts +to keep the flames back, and indeed the whole arrangements +for fighting the fire were excellently conceived and +well carried out.</p> + +<p>At five o'clock the fire had reached its height. The +blocks from Main Street to High Street, inclusive, were +completely obliterated, and only gaunt chimneys remained. +From High Street to the very water's edge the flames +sped on unresisted. Camden Street was burning, the large +houses on the foot of Portland Street, the houses from +Temperance Hall, in Simonds Street to Thomson's slip +were consumed. Rankin's wharf with immense piles of +dressed lumber was threatened with immediate extinction. +The steamers "Ida Whittier," "Xyphus," and "Victor," +were for a time in danger. Three tug boats arrived +opportunely, and the water which they threw saved the +wharf and lumber. At half-past eight the fire was subdued.<!-- Page 283 --><a name="Page_283" id="Page_283"></a></p> + +<p>The property destroyed consisted of all the houses in +Main Street between Jones's corner and Orange corner; +all on Chapel Street, all on Acadia Street except a small +block and the greater part of Chapel Street; all along the +east side and part of the west side of Portland Street, the +east side of Simonds Street from High Street to the water, +and both sides of Camden Street. Of course a great deal +of drunkenness prevailed and numerous arrests were made. +Thieving, as usual, was largely indulged in.</p> + +<p>The saddest event of the day was the loss of life. George +Baxter, a ship carpenter, who dwelt in High street, was +found in a charred state in the ruins of his house. It is +thought he went in to save some of his effects, and being +unable to make his way out again he was smitten to the +ground and suffered one of the most terrible of deaths. +The other casualties were John Henry Maher, slightly injured, +James Ennis badly cut on the head. Nicholas +Ryan fell off Dickinson's house, Chapel Street, and sustained +serious bruises. Mrs. Reed was struck by a falling +ladder. John Cobalan, jr., had one of his fingers broken, +and Mrs. Nowlan was slightly hurt. Wm. Carr and James +Kennedy were injured slightly.</p> + +<p>The destruction of the Methodist Church is a very +serious loss. It was built in the year 1841, and succeeded +the structure built in 1828, which was destroyed in the +former year. The first trustees were Alex. McLeod, Samuel +H. McKee, George Whittaker, William Nesbit, H. +Hennigar, Robert Chestnut, Robert Robertson, G. T. Ray,<!-- Page 284 --><a name="Page_284" id="Page_284"></a> +John B. Gaynor, George Lockhart, James Bustin, John +Owens and Francis Jordan, Rev. Messrs. R. Williams, J. +B. Story, and S. Busby were strong supporters of the +church in its young days and were long identified with its +interests. On the first Sunday after the fire of 1841 the +congregation met in the open air and prayed and sang +hymns. The Rev. Mr. Allen addressed the people from a +rock. Rev. Mr. Teed was the pastor at the time of the +present fire. When he came to preside over its destinies +he found the church struggling with a debt, and he worked +with great zeal to free it from this burden.</p> + +<p>The Temperance Hall was one of the most useful institutions +in the town, and many will deplore the destruction +of this building.</p> + +<p>The following is a complete list of the buildings burned. +The first name mentioned in each case is that of the owner, +the other, that of the occupants:—</p> + +<blockquote> +<p><i>Main street, south side, from Acadia street to Portland Street.</i>—Mr. +Woods, occupied by self as a boarding house, and by R. Jones as a +grocery store—two families.</p> + +<p>Andrew Pratt, by self as a dwelling; Miss Pratt as millinery store; +Henry Pratt, as dwelling; and by Mr. Hopkins as a book store—4.</p> + +<p>Chas. Long, James Meally, tin shop; Robt. Adamson, and John W. +Perkins—3.</p> + +<p>Wm. Gray, by self, Gray & Scott, meat store; Mrs. Cotner—4.</p> + +<p>Widow Gordon, by self as a grocery store and dwelling—1.</p> + +<p>Widow McJunkin, by self as a boarding house, and by Robert C. Gordon, +as a liquor store, and by John S. Mitchell—3.</p> + +<p>John Bradley, by A. G. Kearns, as a grocery and liquor store—1.</p> + +<p>Thos. McColgan, by T. M. & S. B. Corbett, groceries; Thos. McMasters, +hair-dressing saloon; John Carlin, S. R. Lindsay, Wm. Hooper, +Messrs. Kyle & Tait—7.</p> + +<p><i>Portland street, east side, from Chapel to Main street.</i>—Thomas McColgan, +by self as a liquor store; Edward Brown, Joshua Russel—3.<!-- Page 285 --><a name="Page_285" id="Page_285"></a></p> + +<p><i>Chapel street, north side, east from the Pond to Portland street.</i>—Wm. +Dickson's house (damaged), by self, Robert Currie, Widow McAnulty, +Arthur McCauslin—4.</p> + +<p>Widow Farson, by self, Wm. Conway, Widow Gallagher, Geo. Kimball, +Daniel Leary, John Mohan, Jas. Daley, Mrs. Daley, Mrs. Knowles, +Chase & McCallum—11.</p> + +<p>Charles Long, by self, John Law—2.</p> + +<p>Barn belonging to Wm. Gray.</p> + +<p>Barn belonging to Robt. Gordon.</p> + +<p>Barn belonging to John McJunkin estate.</p> + +<p>Barn belonging to John Bradley.</p> + +<p><i>Chapel street, south side, from Portland street east to Water.</i>—Miss +Mary Long, by Mrs. McArthur, Mr. Appleby and Mrs. Gorral—3.</p> + +<p>Chas. Long, by self and son as grocery and dwelling; Chas. Colwell, +Alex. Long, Abraham Craig—5.</p> + +<p>Mrs. Nancy Lackey, by Local Preacher Oram, Miss McJunkin, John +McJunkin—3.</p> + +<p>Joseph Reed, by Samuel Baker, Frank Crawford—2.</p> + +<p>Barn belonging to Sarah Irvine.</p> + +<p>Arthur Rodgers, by self, Mrs. Clancey, Arthur Desmond and Mr. +Long—4.</p> + +<p>Widow Sullivan, by Thos. Sullivan—1.</p> + +<p>John Damary, by self and Thos. Damary—2.</p> + +<p>John Corrigan, by self—1.</p> + +<p>Thos. Currie, by self and John Quinn—2.</p> + +<p>Wm. King's house, damaged considerably.</p> + +<p><i>Acadia street, east side, from High street to Main street.</i>—Mrs. Sarah +Irvine, occupied by self, Thomas Kerr, Nancy Irvine, Messrs. Campbell +& Hartt—5.</p> + +<p>Geo. McMonagle, by self as a grocery and dwelling; Widow Nelson, +William McGuire, John McGuire, David Smith—5.</p> + +<p>Mrs. Farson, by Mrs. Gallaher, Mrs. McCacherin—2.</p> + +<p>Geo. McMonagle, by Thomas Sharp and Patrick Bogan—2.</p> + +<p>Alex. Duff (house damaged considerably), by Thomas McGill and Henry +McCarthy—2.</p> + +<p><i>Acadia street, west side, from High to Main street.</i>—Joseph Reed, by +self, Andrew Crawford, Wm. McConnell, Mrs. Wark—4.</p> + +<p>Widow Farson, by self as grocery and liquor shop and dwelling; Jeremiah +Sullivan, James Brown, David McBurney, Jeremiah Speight, widow +Marley—6.</p> + +<p><i>Portland street, east side, from High street to Main street.</i>—John Connolly, +by Messrs. Smith, as a grocery store, Capt. Rawlings, of the Portland +Police, and by David Speight, as a boarding house—3.</p> + +<p>Methodist Parsonage, occupied by Rev. Mr. Teed, Pastor of the Portland +Methodist Church—1.</p> + +<p>[The houses of Mr. McColgan are mentioned in connection with buildings +on Main and Chapel streets.]<!-- Page 286 --><a name="Page_286" id="Page_286"></a></p> + +<p><i>High street, north side, from Portland street east to water.</i>—John Brooks, +by George Wetmore, Wm. C. Dunham—2.</p> + +<p>Thomas Polly, by self, John Alcorn, John Humphreys—3.</p> + +<p>George Smith (brick cottage), by self and Robert Smith—2.</p> + +<p>George Ruddock, by self and George Brown—2.</p> + +<p>Widow Ruddock, by Mr. Ellis—1.</p> + +<p>Andrew Myles, by self, Messrs. Porter and Rogers—3.</p> + +<p>Edward Sergeant, by self and Mr. Stantiford—2.</p> + +<p>George Young, by self and Mrs. Upham—2.</p> + +<p>Robert Ewing, by self, Walter Brown, R. A. H. Morrow—3.</p> + +<p>Edward Elliot, by Geo. Jenkins, John Green, Frank Wallace—3.</p> + +<p>Capt. Aubrey, by self and Mr. Reed—2.</p> + +<p>Edward Elliott, by self and Mr. McAllister—2.</p> + +<p><i>Portland street from Rankin's wharf to Camden street.</i>—<a name="tn_png_z330"></a><!--TN: There is an initial after "Alex.", but it is unclear. I have replaced it with a short dash-->Alex. -- Ferguson, +by self, Captain Buckhard, and Wm. Sleeth.</p> + +<p>Hugh Montague, Robert and Joseph Carson—3.</p> + +<p>John Irvine, by self and Widow Craig.</p> + +<p>John McCachney, by self, mother and Jas. McCachney.</p> + +<p>Geo. Carter, by self, Joseph Murphy, Geo. Carter, Jr.—3.</p> + +<p>T. Travis, by self, as grocery and liquor store and dwelling. August +Mavison, Mr. Wilson, Mrs. Riley and another—5.</p> + +<p><i>Camden street, south side, from Portland street to Acadia street.</i>—James +Bartlett, by self, Henry Bartlett, Archibald Tatton, Capt. Bartlett, +James Tubman—5.</p> + +<p>John McJunkin, by self, Capt. Charles Harper, Harry Bassett—3.</p> + +<p>Arthur Kyle, by self, John Cunningham, John O'Connell, Mr. Rebels, +Mrs. McDormott, William, John Hammond—6.</p> + +<p><i>Acadia street, from Camden South to water.</i>—Daniel O'Hara, by self, +and Chas. Hara—2.</p> + +<p>Patrick Dawson, by self, Peter Nelson, and a family from the City +burnt district—3.</p> + +<p>Mrs. Hamilton, by self—1.</p> + +<p>Wm. Carter, by self—1.</p> + +<p><i>Portland street, west side, from Camden to High street.</i>—Wm. McIntyre, +by self, Geo. Giggy, Geo. Morgan, James Power, Harry Stephens, Wm. +Gillan, and a family from the City burnt district—7. [In rear house belonging +to David Breen, occupied by self and N. Frizzle.]</p> + +<p>Thomas McMasters, by self, John Boyd, Widow McJunkin, James +Ryder, Messrs. Mullay, Brown and Christopher—7.</p> + +<p>Widow Kerr, by self—1. [Mr. Murdock's house in rear, by one tenant—1.]</p> + +<p>Wm. A. Moore, occupied by self as a dwelling, John Currie, groceries; +James Pender, Joseph McIntyre, the Misses Darrah—5.</p> + +<p><i>Portland street, east side, from Camden to High street.</i>—Richard Anderson, +by self and Samuel Devennie—2.</p> + +<p>Richard Anderson, by William Hill, as a grocery store and dwelling; +John Rubins, tailor shop, James McCord—4.<!-- Page 287 --><a name="Page_287" id="Page_287"></a></p> + +<p>Robert McIntyre, by Bernard Gallagher, dwelling and grocery store, +<a name="tn_png_z331"></a><!--TN: Name after "Samuel" is unclear. I have replaced the missing section with a long dash-->Samuel ——rett, Richard McIntyre—3.</p> + +<p>Robert McIntyre, by self, Ike Munroe, Oliver Colwell, Robert Black, +<a name="tn_png_z331a"></a><!--TN: Both names are unclear. I have replaced the missing sections with long dashes-->Ca—— ——rrington—5.</p> + +<p>Wm. McIntyre, by Wm. Maxwell and Robert McMurray—2.</p> + +<p>Wm. McIntyre, by Jacob Brown, Misses Sharp, Duke Brown, Geo. +DeLong, Levi DeLong—5. [House in rear occupied by Joseph Lee and +John Mullay—2.]</p> + +<p>Benj. Lawton, by self and brother—2.</p> + +<p><i>Camden street, north side, from Simonds east to water.</i>—Thos. W. Peters, +by Thomas Mansfield, as a dwelling and a grocery store, John Nowlin, +Jeremiah Sullivan and two others—5.</p> + +<p>Thos. W. Peters, by Mr. Leonard and Edward Cutten—2.</p> + +<p>John Higgins, by self—1.</p> + +<p>George Grear, by self, John Ross, John Cooper, Mr. McLean—4.</p> + +<p>Richard Anderson, by Harry Laskey, John Thompson, Miss Osborne—3.</p> + +<p>Widow Wilson, by self, H. Brockings, Widow Bailey—4. [Unoccupied +house in rear.]</p> + +<p>Stephen Murphy, by self, Messrs. Hamilton, Ralston and Hoolahan—4.</p> + +<p><i>Acadia street, west side, from Camden to High street.</i>—Wm. Searle, by +Hugh Hutchinson, Wm. Bell—2.</p> + +<p>James Bartlett, by David Doherty, Mr. Fitzgerald—2.</p> + +<p>Robt. McKay, by self, Messrs. Irvine and Munroe—3.</p> + +<p>Mr. Reed, by Thomas Graham and another—2. [Rear house owned +by Mr. Reed.]</p> + +<p>Thomas Youngclaus, by Messrs. Stayhorn, Kirk and Beaton—3.</p> + +<p>James Kyle, by self and Mr. McGee—2.</p> + +<p>Widow Ruddock, by self and a family whose name could not be +learned—2.</p> + +<p>Wm. Elliott, by self, James Smith and John Devennie—3.</p> + +<p><i>Acadia street, east side, from Camden street to High street.</i>—John H. +Crawford, by self, as a grocery and dwelling—1.</p> + +<p>Thomas Gillespie, by Mr. Tait, Joseph Allen, Widow Garvey and +Widow Boyne—4.</p> + +<p><i>High street, south side, westward from water.</i>—John McDermott, by +self, Patrick Carlin and Thomas Smith—3.</p> + +<p>Miss Daley, by Wm. Peacock, Widow Knodell and Joseph Speight—3.</p> + +<p>George Baxter, by self as dwelling and grocery store; and by Mr. Dunham—1.</p> + +<p>Geo. Baxter, by Messrs. Wilson, and Kirk and another—3.</p> + +<p>Widow Young, by self, Wm. Young, and George Easty—3.</p> + +<p>Patrick Flynn, by Messrs. Stack and Thompson Kennedy, and Widow +Logan—3.</p> + +<p>James Scott, by self, and James Barbour—2.</p> + +<p>Joseph Sullivan, by self—1.</p> + +<p>Joseph Logan, by self, Widow Buchanan, Widow McDermott—3.<!-- Page 288 --><a name="Page_288" id="Page_288"></a></p> + +<p>Temperance Hall, owned by Governor Tilley, J. C. Edwards, and Portland +Division, S. of T.</p> + +<p><i>Simonds street, east side, from High street to water.</i>—Andrew Johnston's +house, occupied by four families—1.</p> + +<p>Paul Gillespie, by John Buckley, James Gillespie, and Mr. Akerley—2.</p> + +<p>Widow, by self, James Spence, and Charles Brown, and two others—5.</p> + +<p>Widow Crawford, by self, as dwelling and grocery shop, and by James +Buckley—2.</p> + +<p>Alex. Urquhart, by self—1.</p> + +<p>Thos. W. Peters, by Widow Morrison, John Morrison and <a name="tn_png_z332"></a><!--TN: Period added after "Mrs"-->Mrs. Wilson—3.</p> +</blockquote> + +<h3>LOSSES OF INSURANCE COMPANIES.</h3> +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="60%" summary="Insurance Company Losses"> +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">PROVINCIAL.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>Thos. McColgan,</td><td align="right">$1600</td></tr> +<tr><td>Methodist Church,</td><td align="right">3000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wm. Elliott,</td><td align="right">1200</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chas. Long,</td><td align="right">1200</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mrs. S. J. Young,</td><td align="right">500</td></tr> +<tr><td>R. Jones,</td><td align="right">600</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> + +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$8100</td></tr> + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">LANCASHIRE.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>Capt. Aubrey,</td><td align="right">$800</td></tr> +<tr><td>Thos. Travis,</td><td align="right">800</td></tr> +<tr><td>Other claims <a name="tn_png_z332a"></a><!--TN: Comma added after "about"-->about,</td><td align="right">1400</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$3000</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">NORTHERN.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>Methodist Church,</td><td align="right">$4000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mrs. Buchanan,</td><td align="right">1000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Geo. Baxter,</td><td align="right">800</td></tr> +<tr><td>Robt. McHarg,</td><td align="right">800</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$6600</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">NORTH BRITISH AND MERCANTILE.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>Mrs. Gordon,</td><td align="right">$900</td></tr> +<tr><td>John Connolly,</td><td align="right">1600</td></tr> +<tr><td>T. W. Peters,</td><td align="right">2500</td></tr> +<tr><td>Methodist Church (re-insurance),</td><td align="right">1000</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$6000</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">QUEEN.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>Geo. Ruddock,</td><td align="right">$1200</td></tr> +<tr><td>Methodist Mission House,</td><td align="right">2400</td></tr> +<tr><td>James Scott,</td><td align="right">1700</td></tr> +<tr><td>H. Montague,</td><td align="right">800</td></tr> +<tr><td>John McKechnie,</td><td align="right">800</td></tr> +<tr><td>Robert Rankin,</td><td align="right">2000</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 3em;">Do.,</span></td><td align="right">1500</td></tr> +<tr><td>R. Ewing,</td><td align="right">1200</td></tr> +<tr><td>E. Sargent,</td><td align="right">800</td></tr> +<tr><td>E. Elliott,</td><td align="right">1000</td></tr> +<tr><td>A. Johnston,</td><td align="right">700</td></tr> +<tr><td>Jas. Pender,</td><td align="right">500</td></tr> +<tr><td>Estate Jas. Kerr,</td><td align="right">600</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">$15,200</td></tr> +<tr><td>Partial losses,</td><td align="right">1000</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$16,200</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">CITIZENS'.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>Messrs. Corbett,</td><td align="right">$400</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mrs. Farson,</td><td align="right">1200</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wm. McIntyre,</td><td align="right">1250</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chas. Long,</td><td align="right">1100</td></tr> +<tr><td>John Bradley,</td><td align="right">400</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 289 --><a name="Page_289" id="Page_289"></a>David Breen,</td><td align="right">300</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wm. Gray,</td><td align="right">200</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mary Long,</td><td align="right">400</td></tr> +<tr><td>Thomas McMaster,</td><td align="right">600</td></tr> +<tr><td>R. McIntyre,</td><td align="right">700</td></tr> +<tr><td>Arthur Rodgers,</td><td align="right">700</td></tr> +<tr><td>Thomas Youngclaus,</td><td align="right">800</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$8050</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">ROYAL CANADIAN.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>Mary Ann Daley,</td><td align="right">$600</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">CANADA FIRE AND MARINE.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>Thomas Aubrey,</td><td align="right">$100</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mary Long,</td><td align="right">300</td></tr> +<tr><td>John McDermott,</td><td align="right">600</td></tr> +<tr><td>Ann Leckey,</td><td align="right">500</td></tr> +<tr><td>Margaret Curry,</td><td align="right">200</td></tr> +<tr><td>R. C. Gordon,</td><td align="right">1200</td></tr> +<tr><td>G. F. Smith,</td><td align="right">800</td></tr> +<tr><td>Gertrude Farson,</td><td align="right">1500</td></tr> +<tr><td>F. C. Dunham,</td><td align="right">550</td></tr> +<tr><td>G. F. Jenkins,</td><td align="right">500</td></tr> +<tr><td>John Greer,</td><td align="right">500</td></tr> +<tr><td>John Reed,</td><td align="right">200</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$6950</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">ÆTNA.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>G. McMonagle,</td><td align="right">$1000</td></tr> +<tr><td>McIntyre,</td><td align="right">600</td></tr> +<tr><td>James Bartlett,</td><td align="right">300</td></tr> +<tr><td>A. R. Ferguson,</td><td align="right">2000</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$3900</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">HARTFORD.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>Jos. Stubbs,</td><td align="right">$500</td></tr> +<tr><td>Jas. Boyle,</td><td align="right">400</td></tr> +<tr><td>John Brook,</td><td align="right">1000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Geo. R. Rigby,</td><td align="right">300</td></tr> +<tr><td>Richard Anderson,</td><td align="right">1000</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$3200</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">IMPERIAL.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>R. A. H. Morrow,</td><td align="right">$200</td></tr> +<tr><td>R. Flynn,</td><td align="right">1000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Samuel Gillespie,</td><td align="right">1200</td></tr> +<tr><td>John Brook,</td><td align="right">1000</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wm. Ruddock, estate,</td><td align="right">1400</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mrs. Sarah Irvine,</td><td align="right">800</td></tr> +<tr><td>Robert Rankine,</td><td align="right">1500</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$7100</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">BRITISH AMERICAN.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>James Bartlett,</td><td align="right">$400</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mrs. S. Osborne,</td><td align="right">100</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$500</td></tr> + + + +<tr><th style="padding-top:1em;" colspan="2">ISOLATED RISK.</th></tr> + +<tr><td>R. Jones,</td><td align="right">$ 500</td></tr> +<tr><td>Chas. Long,</td><td align="right">400</td></tr> +<tr><td> </td><td align="right">____</td></tr> +<tr><td><span style="margin-left: 6em;">Total,</span></td><td align="right">$900</td></tr> + +<tr><td style="padding-top:1em;">The Guardian,</td><td align="right">$4000</td></tr> + +<tr><td>The National,</td><td align="right">500</td></tr> + +<tr><td>Western,</td><td align="right">200</td></tr> + + +</table> + +<p>At eleven o'clock the Portland Town Council met to +consider the best way in which relief for the sufferers +could be administered. The Mayor of St. John, Dr. Earle, +the High Sheriff, and Harris Allan, Esq., of the Relief and<!-- Page 290 --><a name="Page_290" id="Page_290"></a> +Aid Society, were present. On motion it was resolved +that the council should attend to the wants of the homeless, +and committees were immediately appointed to perform +the various duties incumbent on them. These were +Couns. Chesley and Munro, to look up school-houses; Couns. +McLean and Holly, clearing engine house; Couns. Puddington +and Cochran, securing cooking stoves; Couns. +Purdy and Hamilton, supplying provisions; Couns. Gilbert +and Austin, straw mattrasses; Chairman, H. Hilyard +and Couns. Chesley, Shelter, His Lordship Bishop Sweeny, +and Messrs. Robert H. Flaherty, and F. Hazen having offered +the committee the use of their buildings, were publicly +thanked for their kindly forethought. On the night +of the fire upwards of fifty families were provided with +shelter by the authorities.</p> + +<p>On Monday, 22nd October, at a general meeting of St. +John Relief Committee, it was decided that temporary relief +should be at once given to the poor. This lasted one +week. At the expiration of that time the Board of Directors, +consisting of the whole Council of the Town of +Portland were in a position to administer their own relief. +The committees of the societies are as follows:—</p> + + +<h3>EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.</h3> + +<p>The Chairman, and Messrs. Chesley, Duff, Puddington +and Cochran.</p> + + +<h3>SHELTER COMMITTEE.</h3> + +<p>Messrs. Gilbert, Austin, Purdy and J. H. Parks.<!-- Page 291 --><a name="Page_291" id="Page_291"></a></p> + +<h3>VISITING COMMITTEE.</h3> + +<p>Chairman, and Messrs. Holly and Maher.</p> + + +<h3>SUBSCRIPTION COMMITTEE.</h3> + +<p>Messrs. Puddington, Cochran, Maher and Holly.</p> + +<p>A very efficient ladies' committee was promptly organized, +and through their noble efforts a vast deal of suffering +was prevented, Mrs. Simon Baizley, Mrs. Barnhill, +Mrs. D. B. Roberts, Mrs. Thomas Hilyard, Mrs. Teed, Mrs. +Almon and others comprised this committee.</p> + +<p>Up to November 28th, 1877, the following donations +have been received in aid of the people who were burnt +out:—</p> + + +<h3>CASH.</h3> +<table align="center" style="margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;" class="sum" width="80%" summary="Cash"> +<tr><td>St. John Relief Committee</td><td align="right">$5,000 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Hon. Isaac Burpee</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Rev. Wm. Armstrong</td><td align="right">25 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Rev. Geo. Armstrong</td><td align="right">20 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>George A. Schofield</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>A. Cochran, Halifax, N. S.</td><td align="right">1 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Mrs. Parnther</td><td align="right">5 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Rev. T. Partridge, collection taken at Rothsay</td><td align="right">50</td></tr> +<tr><td>G. Sidney Smith, Esq</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Draft from Wheelright, Anderson & Co. Boston, Mass., $50 American currency</td><td align="right">48 50</td></tr> +<tr><td><!-- Page 292 --><a name="Page_292" id="Page_292"></a>Norman Robertson</td><td align="right">10 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wm. Wright, Esq., Liverpool, England, £100 <a name="tn_png_z336"></a><!--TN: Comma removed after "stg."-->stg.</td><td align="right">479 32</td></tr> +<tr><td>Wm. Shives Fisher</td><td align="right">4 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Proceeds of entertainment at Fairville</td><td align="right">50 70</td></tr> +<tr><td>Proceeds lectures by Bishop Fallowes of the Reformed Episcopal Church</td><td align="right">45 00</td></tr> +<tr><td>Collection from St. Jude's Church, S. S. Thanksgiving Day</td><td align="right">12 75</td></tr> +<tr><td>George W. Roberts, Liverpool</td><td align="right">100 00</td></tr> +</table> + +<h3>SUPPLIES.</h3> + +<div style="margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%"> +<p>P. Nase & Son, twenty barrels potatoes, one chest tea.</p> +<p>Vroom & Arnold, thirty barrels potatoes.</p> +<p>James J. Follows, two barrels cabbages.</p> +<p>Chas., Fawcett, (Sackville, N. B.) four stoves.</p> +<p>Manchester, Robertson & Allison, goods to amount of one hundred dollars.</p> +<p>Geo J. Fisher, thirty rolls roofing paper.</p> +<p>Thomas Cusack, blankets to value of $75.</p> +</div> + +<div style="border: dashed 1px;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;margin-top:2em;"> +<div style="margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%;"> +<h2 style="padding-top:.75em;">Transcriber's Note</h2> + +<p>Illustrations have been moved near the relevant section of the text. Near the beginning of the book, I have inserted +an index of illustrations.</p> +<p>Page numbers are documented in the source code.</p> + +<p>Inconsistencies have been retained in hyphenation, punctuation, spacing between initials, +spacing between alphabetic sections in lists, italicization and capitalization except +where indicated in the list below. Alphabetization of list items has been left as-is +as has double punctuation such as ".:". The author has stated that this book +"<a href="#imperfections">has many imperfections</a>" due to the speed in which it was +prepared in order to meet +the publisher's timeline. It is clear that some sections of the text were more carefully +edited than others prior to publishing. Consequently, I have made (and notated) typographical corrections +only for sections in which the majority of the text adheres to a general standard of hyphenation, +punctuation, etc.</p> + + + +<p>Here is a list of the minor typographical corrections made:</p> +<div style="margin-left:15%;margin-right:15%;"> +<ul> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z010">"1831" changed to "1841"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z011a">"Palace" changed to "Place"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z011">"Andrews" changed to "Andrew's"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z012">Period added after "Cent"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z042">"Elgir" changed to "Elgin"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z042a">Period removed ampersand</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z057">"D. D." changed to "D.D."</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z059">"to day" changed to "to-day"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z075">"hun" changed to "hundred"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z082">Text before "Legislature" is unclear and has been replaced by a long dash</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z095">Long space removed between "priests" and "who"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z095a">Period added after "Friary"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z105">"gronnds" changed to "grounds"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z107">Comma added after "Esq."</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z111">"The" changed to "the"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z111a">Comma changed to period after "Holmes"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z124">Comma changed to a period after "eyes"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z135">Period added after "A"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z137">Period added after "BANK"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z141">Extra space removed after "that"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z152">Period added after "Capt"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z158">Double quote added before "O"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z158a">Comma added after "&c."</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z160">Period added after "Mr"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z161">"Esq,," changed to "Esq.,"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z165">"Esq,," changed to "Esq.,"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z170">"the" added before "loveliest"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_171">Period added after "St"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z173">Period added after "Street"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z181">Period added after "side"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z197">Period added after "Rev"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z197a">"p 166." removed since it refers to placement of the footnote in +the printed version of book</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z199a">"citty," changed to "Citty" followed by an emdash </a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z199">Period added after "present"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z216">"depart ments" changed to "departments"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z221">Comma removed after "Mouldings"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z221c">Comma removed after "Brunswick"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z221d">Comma removed after "Scotia"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z221e">Comma removed after "Montreal"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z221a">Comma added after "Cameron"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z221b">Comma removed after "Co."</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z222">Comma added after "Coughlan"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z222a">Comma removed after "jr."</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z223">Comma added after "Torre"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z228">Comma removed after "Logan"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z228a">Comma added after "Leonard"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z228b">Comma added after "Lipman"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z228c">Comma added after "Littlejohn"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z229">Comma added after "May"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z232">Comma removed after "Pengilly"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z236">Space added after "Stewart"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z236a">"Auctioner" changed to "Auctioneer"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z239">Comma added after "Wetmore"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z241a">"Oddfellows" changed to "Odd Fellows" to match Table of Contents</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z241">Period added after "due"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z260">"bbls." changed to "bls"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z261">"ORTH" changed to "NORTH"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_263">Comma removed after "McNamara"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z275">Comma removed after "Homer"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z275a">Comma removed after "McLaughlin"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z277">"<span class="smcap">Princess Street</span>" changed to "PRINCESS STREET" to match other headings in this section</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_281">Colon after "$1,250" changed to a semicolon</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z283">"fir" changed to "fire"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z290">"hese" changed to "These"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_290a">Comma added after "happy"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_296">"1,000" changed to "$1,000"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_303">Period changed to a comma after "volume"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z304">"iscover" changed to "discover"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z306">Comma added after "works"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z308">"a a" changed to "a"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z315">Comma changed to a period after "Ont"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z315a">Comma changed to a period after "Me"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z315b">$ added before "2"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z330">There is an initial after "Alex.", but it is unclear. I have replaced it with a short dash</a> </li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z331">The name after "Samuel" is unclear. I have replaced the missing section with a long dash</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z331a">Both names are unclear. I have replaced the missing sections with long dashes</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z332">Period added after "Mrs"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z332a">Comma added after "about"</a></li> +<li><a href="#tn_png_z336">Comma removed after "stg."</a></li> +</ul> +</div> + +</div> +</div> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Story of the Great Fire in St. +John, N.B., June 20th, 1877, by George Stewart + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STORY OF THE GREAT FIRE *** + +***** This file should be named 39260-h.htm or 39260-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/2/6/39260/ + +Produced by Robin Monks, Linda Hamilton, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license + + +Title: The Story of the Great Fire in St. John, N.B., June 20th, 1877 + +Author: George Stewart + +Release Date: March 25, 2012 [EBook #39260] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STORY OF THE GREAT FIRE *** + + + + +Produced by Robin Monks, Linda Hamilton, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive) + + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +RUINS OF THE GERMAIN ST. BAPTIST CHURCH BY MOONLIGHT. + +From a Sketch by John C. Miles, Artist.] + + + + + THE STORY + OF THE + =Great Fire in St. John, N.B.= + JUNE 20TH, 1877. + + BY + GEORGE STEWART, JR., + _OF ST. JOHN, N.B._ + + =Toronto:= + BELFORD BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS. + + ST. JOHN, N.B.: R. A. H. MORROW; MONTREAL, P. Q.: + DAWSON BROS.; TORONTO, ONT.: JAS. CLARKE & + CO.; DETROIT, MICH.: CRAIG & TAYLOR; + BOSTON: LOCKWOOD, BROOKS & CO. + + + + +[Illustration: PAPER MANUFACTURED BY CANADA PAPER COY MONTREAL] + +Entered according to the Act of Parliament of Canada, in the year one +thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven, by BELFORD BROTHERS, in the +office of the Minister of Agriculture. + + HUNTER, ROSE, & CO, + PRINTERS AND BINDERS. + TORONTO. + + + + + TO + _GILBERT MURDOCH, C. E._, + MY FIRST FRIEND, + I DEDICATE THIS VOLUME. + =The Author.= + + + + +CONTENTS. + + +CHAPTER I. + PAGE + The Great Fire--Its Extent--Its Terrible Rapidity--A Glance + Backward--What the People Passed Through--The First Fire-- + Protective Movements--The People who Lent the City Money-- + Minor Fires--Fire of 1823--The Great Fire of 1837--The + Calamity of 1839--The Trials of 1841--The King Street Fire 9 + + +CHAPTER II. + + The Late Fire--Its Origin--Bravery of the Firemen--The High + Wind--The Fire's Career--Fighting the Flames--Almost Lost-- + The Escape from the Burning Building--Destruction of Dock + Street--Smyth Street in Flames--The Wharves--Demolition of + Market Square--Something about the Business Houses there-- + The Banks--Fire Checked at North Street 19 + + +CHAPTER III. + + The Fire in King Street--Recollections--The Old Coffee House + Corner--The Stores in King Street--The Old Masonic Hall--The + St. John Hotel--Its Early Days--The Bell Tower--King Square-- + A Night of Horror--The Vultures at Work--Plundering the + Destitute 27 + + +CHAPTER IV. + + The Fire in Germain Street--The First Brick House in St. John + --Old Trinity--The Loyalists--Curious Ideas about Insurance-- + The Rectors of Trinity--The Clock--The Royal Arms 36 + + +CHAPTER V. + + The Old Curiosity Shop on Germain Street--A Quaint Old Place + --"Rubbish Shot Here"--Notman's Studio--The Mother of Methodism + --Destruction of the Germain Street Methodist Church--Burning + of the Academy of Music--The Old Grammar School--Presbyterians + among the Loyalists--The "Auld Kirk"--Saint Andrew's--The Grants + of Land--Legislation--The Building of the Kirk--Ministers--The + "Victoria" in Flames--Fascination of the Fire--The "Victoria" + in Ruins--What might have saved it 48 + + +CHAPTER VI. + + The Odd Fellows' Hall--The Fire in Horsfield Street--The sweep + along Germain Street--The Old Baptist Church--Some Early + Ministers--Two Fiery Ordeals--The Brick Church--The Ruins--The + Bay View Hotel--An Old Landmark Gone--The Blazing Barracks--St. + James's--The Hazon House--St. Malachi's Chapel--The First Roman + Catholic Church 65 + + +CHAPTER VII. + + A Hard-Working Manager--The Dramatic Lyceum--The Temperance + Hall--The Water-Works Building--A Hard Fight--Another Rush + of the Homeless--The Weary March of the Unfortunates--History + of the Water Supply--Early Struggles--Changes--The Old Way-- + The St. John Water Company--Placed in Commission--The Company + to-day 76 + + +CHAPTER VIII. + + Burning of the Leinster Street Baptist Church--The Varley + School--Centenary Chapel--The Gas Works--$17,000 worth of Coal + burned in Ten Days--The Tall Sentinel--St. David's Kirk--The + Reformed Presbyterian Church--The Victoria School--Gigantic + Ruins--An Accident--Sketch of the School-house 90 + + +CHAPTER IX. + + Queen Square--Incidents in the Burning--The Old Pitcher--"God + is burning up the World, and He won't make another"--Saved + from the Flames--Overtaken by Fire Three Times--The Night of + Terror on Queen Square--Alone amidst Perils--The Lone House + on the Square--Three People under a Table--The Sailor--"If I + die to-night, sir, hunt them up"--The Escape--The Deserted + Streets--An Anomaly--The Marine Hospital--What a few Buckets + of Water did--The Wiggins Orphan Asylum--The Block in + Canterbury Street--The _News_ Office--Savings Bank 101 + + +CHAPTER X. + + Incidents--An Old Corner Burned Down--The Lenders and Borrowers + --"Twenty per Cent."--The Shylocks of the Curbstone--The Human + Barometers--The Vultures of Commerce--Chubbe's Corner--The + Old Commercial Bank--The _Telegraph_ Office--The Bank of + New Brunswick--A Hard Worked Cashier--The Post Office--Not + a Mail Lost--Quick Dispatch--The Nethery House and Orangemen + --The Royal Hotel--The Custom House--The Dead of the + Conflagration 114 + + +CHAPTER XI. + + The Old House on the Hill--A Wily Commissary--The Bags of + Gold--What was Done at Midnight--The Dead of Night Deposit-- + The Old Vault--A Timid Money Lender--Mr. Peter Johnson--The + Board of Commissioners--The Old Gentleman's Little Joke--The + Inspection--How it was Discovered--The Fight with the Flames + --"How much will I Get"--What he Got--The Oil Barrels--Dashing + the Water on the Kerosene--A Lively Time on Reed's Point + Wharf--The Bridge of Fire--On the Ferry-Boat--The Western + Union Telegraph Office--The First Despatch 129 + + +CHAPTER XII. + + A Thrilling Incident--The Burning House--The Tall Figure on + the Hall--Escape Cut Off--The Only Way Out--The Street of + Fire--Walking on Coals--The Open Boat--The Way to the Wharf + --Terrible Suffering--The Awful Death on the Street--Worn + Out--The Escape--Saved--The Firemen--How they Fought the Flames 144 + + +CHAPTER XIII. + + A Chapter of Incidents--Agony on Board--Coming Up the Harbour + --The Story of the Moths--The Newly Married Lady's Story--No + Flour--Moving Out--Saving the Drugs--The Man with the Corn + Plasters--Incendiarism--Scenes--Thievery--The Newspapers-- + Enterprise--Blowing Down the Walls--An Act of Bravery--The Fatal + Blast--Danger and Death in the Walls--Accidents--The Fire and + the Church--The Ministers 155 + + +CHAPTER XIV. + + "I went againe to the ruines, for it was no longer a Citty"-- + The Drive by Moonlight--Through the Ruins--After the Fire--A + City of Ashes--The Buried Silver--The Sentinel Chimneys--The + Home of Luxuriance--A Recollection--The Moon and the Church-- + Back again 167 + + +CHAPTER XV. + + Aid for St. John--The First Days--How the Poor were Fed-- + Organization of the St. John Relief and Aid Society--Its + System--How it operates--The Rink--The Car Shed--List of + Moneys and Supplies received--The Noble Contributions 175 + + +CHAPTER XVI. + + The Odd Fellows and the Fire--Relief Committee at Work-- + Searching out the Destitute Brethren--Helping the Sufferers + --The Secret Distribution of Aid--List of Donations 203 + + +CHAPTER XVII. + + The Losses of the Masonic Fraternity--Great Destruction of + Masonic Regalia and Paraphernalia--Organization of the + General Masonic Board of Relief--Amount received in Aid of + the Suffering Brethren 239 + + +CHAPTER XVIII. + + The Destruction--The Loss--Estimates--The Acreage and + Streetage--Has the Land Decreased in Value?--Incomes swept + away--What is Left--Hope!--The Insurance--The Corporation + Loss--The Dominion Loss--Additional Deaths--The Wounded-- + The Orange Body 244 + + +CHAPTER XIX. + + The Books we have Lost--"The Lost Arts"--The Libraries of + St. John which were Burned--The Pictures which were Lost--The + few that were Saved--A Talk about Books and Pictures--The + Future--What St. John Men must Do--Acknowledgments--Conclusion + of the Story of the Fire 259 + + + + + THE STORY + OF THE + GREAT FIRE IN ST. JOHN, N.B. + + + + +CHAPTER I. + + The Great Fire--Its Extent--Its Terrible Rapidity--A Glance + Backward--What the People Passed Through--The First Fire-- + Protective Movements--The People Who Lent the City Money-- + Minor Fires--Fire of 1823--The Great Fire of 1837--The + Calamity of 1839--The Trials of 1841--The King Street Fire. + + +One of the most destructive fires of modern times occurred at St. John, +N.B., on Wednesday, the 20th June, 1877. It was more calamitous in its +character than the terrible conflagration which plunged portions of +Chicago into ruin, and laid waste the great business houses of Boston a +few years ago. In a relative sense, the St. John fire was a greater +calamity, and its people for a time suffered sterner hardships. The fire +in the large American cities was confined to a certain locality, but in +St. John an immense area of territory was destroyed in the incredibly +short space of nine hours, and fully two-fifths of the entire city were +laid in ashes, and one thousand six hundred and twelve houses levelled +to the earth. The fire raged with overwhelming violence, carrying in its +wake everything that came before it. At one time three portions of the +city were burning at once, and all hope of checking the conflagration +died in the hearts of men as the terrific volume of flame thundered and +crackled, and hissed in sheets over their heads. The blinding smoke +rolled heavenwards in a thick heavy mass; the flying embers were carried +along for miles, and the brisk north-western wind brought the destroying +flame to a thousand households. Men and women stood paralyzed in the +streets, fearing the worst and hoping against hope. Those who had worked +all afternoon trying to save their property now sank to the earth and +barely escaped with their lives, for the fire was upon them. Nothing +appeared to stay the march of the fiend. Immense piles, that seemed to +stand like an army of picked guardsmen, were swept away in an instant; +granite, freestone, brick and marble were as ineffectual in staying the +conflagration as the dryest tinder-box houses which fed the flames at +every turn. Even old stone buildings that had stood for sixty years, in +the outskirts of the city, and had withstood many a serious fire before, +now crumbled and tumbled before the conquering scourge.[A] 200 acres +were destroyed, all that part of the city south of King Street, +regiments of houses, stores and public buildings were burned, and the +fire was only stayed when the water-line prevented its going further. +The boundary of the burnt district followed a line on the eastern and +northern sides of Union Street to Mill Street, Mill Street to Dock +Street, northern and eastern sides of Market Square, centre of King +Street to Pitt Street, Pitt Street to its junction with the water; +thence around by the harbour-line to the starting point. In brief, this +was the battle-ground through which the grand charge of the fire was +made--unparalleled in its brilliancy by any similar exploit which the +annals of military deeds unfold. Men, horses, rows of stoutest building +material, steam, water, all succumbed and went down like chaff before +the whirlwind. Nothing was too strong to resist, nothing too weak to +receive clemency. + +A glance at the earlier history of St. John will show that destructive +fires have been of frequent occurrence, and its people have suffered +much from this system of devastation. In 1784, on Friday, the 18th June, +the first fire of which we have any knowledge took place. At that time +it was considered a terrible blow, and the sparse population thought +that many years would elapse before the little city could recover from +the wreck which the fire had made. Eleven houses were burned, and a +large number of discharged soldiers of the 42nd Regiment were the +principal sufferers. About this time a woman and child were burned to +death at the Falls, and seven houses in this quarter were destroyed. + +In April, 1787, the people decided to take active measures for +protection against fire, and accordingly the following document was +drawn up: + + We, the subscribers, taking into our serious consideration the + alarming situation of the city for want of fire-engines and public + wells, should a fire break out in any part of it, and, at the same + time, being sensible of the present inability of the city + corporation to advance money for the purpose, do severally promise + to pay the mayor, aldermen and commonalty, of the City of St. John + (or to such persons as they shall appoint), the several sums + annexed to our names as a loan upon interest, for the purpose of + importing from London two suitable fire-engines, and for sinking a + sufficient number of public wells in this city. + + "Which several sums the said corporation have engaged to repay to + each separate subscriber with interest annually, as soon as their + funds will enable them so to do, as appears by an abstract from the + minutes of the common council, dated the 20th March last: + + "City of St. John, N.B., 5th April, 1787. + + L s. d. + "Gabriel G. Ludlow (Mayor) 10 0 0 + Ward Chipman (Recorder) 10 0 0 + Jonathan Bliss (Atty.-General) 10 0 0 + James Putnam (Judge) 10 0 0 + Christopher Billop 5 0 0 + Zeph Kingsley 10 0 0 + Samuel Randall 10 0 0 + Gilbert & Hanford 10 0 0 + Isaac Bell 5 0 0 + Robert Parker 10 0 0 + BENEDICT ARNOLD 10 0 0 + William Wyly 10 0 0 + Mark Wright 3 0 0 + C. C. Hall & Co. 5 0 0 + William Pagan 10 0 0 + John Colwell 5 0 0 + Thomas Bean 10 0 0 + Francis Gilbert 5 0 0 + Samuel Hallet 3 0 0 + William Hazen 10 0 0 + James Ruon 5 0 0 + John Califf 4 13 4 + Isaac Lawton 5 0 0 + Samuel Mills 5 0 0 + Paul Bedell 5 0 0 + William Wanton (Collector Custom) 10 0 0 + Adino Paddock, M. D. 5 0 0 + McCall & Codner 10 0 0 + Thomas Horsfield 10 0 0 + John McGeorge } + Thos. Elliot } 10 0 0 + William Bainy } + Thompson & Reed 10 0 0 + Christopher Lowe, (King's Printer) 5 0 0 + W. S. Olive, (Sheriff) 5 0 0 + Wm. Whittaker 5 0 0 + Peter Quin 3 0 0 + Charles Warner 5 0 0 + Abiather Camp 5 0 0 + James Peters 5 0 0 + Daniel Michean 3 0 0 + Fitch Rogers 5 0 0 + Munson Jarvis 5 0 0 + Nehemiah Rodgers 5 0 0 + Edward Sands 3 0 0." + +On the 2nd February, 1786, the corporation paid Peter Fleming L136 6s. +8d. for two fire engines. These must have proved ineffectual, for the +reader will notice that the above loan was made up hardly a year +afterward, and the present sum was raised for the special purpose of +buying London engines, and sinking wells. + +The movement was not inaugurated a moment too soon, for in 1788 the +following year, a fire occurred in the store of General Benedict Arnold, +of revolutionary fame, which threatened to become very serious before it +was got under way. Arnold's store was situate in Lower Cove, where the +sewing machine factory adjoining John E. Turnbull's sash factory stood, +till the late besom of fire swept it away. A good deal of excitement was +occasioned at the time of the fire in Arnold's premises. His former +partner, Hoyt, charged him with setting fire to the store. Arnold sued +him for slander, and recovered a verdict of twenty shillings! + +The next fire broke out in 1816 in a large two-story house on the corner +of Germain and Britain Streets, occupied by a military physician named +Davis. The doctor and his wife were saved from burning by the heroic +conduct of their next door neighbour. A party of soldiers were engaged +the next day sifting the ashes and searching for the silver which had +melted; not a trace of it was found however. + +The fire of 1823 was a very serious one, and caused great destruction. +It began on Disbrow's Wharf and took along with it nearly both sides of +Prince William Street; the old wooden building on the latter street +lately occupied by _The Telegraph_ newspaper, alone escaped. The lot on +which it stood cost Dr. Adino Paddock five shillings in 1786. During +this fire over forty houses were burned, and the loss of property and +goods was estimated at L20,000, which in those days was felt to be +enormous. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +THE NORTHERN AND EASTERN PANORAMIC VIEW OF ST. JOHN, 1828 OR '30.] + +The fire of 1837 will linger long in the memory of many of the +inhabitants of St. John. It was the most wholesale destruction of +property which the people had ever known. Many to-day contrast the +misfortunes of that day with those of the present hour. Even when the +flames were carrying death and destruction on all sides on that warm day +in June, 1877, men stopped to compare notes and whisper a word or two +about the fire of 1837. Of course the loss was not as great then, or the +number of lives lost so large, or so much valuable property destroyed as +at the present time, but the people were less able to bear the trials +which came upon them then, and many never recovered from the shock. The +city was young and struggling to gain a foothold. The city was poor and +the people were frugal. They were not able to bear the burdens which +were in a night entailed upon them, the magnificent system of relief +from outside sources was not in operation, and without help of any kind +save that which they themselves brought into requisition, the citizens +nobly worked long and hard to rebuild their little seaport town. There +was a prejudice against insurance, and many lost every dollar they +possessed. The hardships of those days are remembered by many who +passed through them then, and who once more endure the horrors of a +great calamity with almost Spartan courage. The time of the '37 fire was +in the very heart of a rigorous winter, on the 13th of January, and we +can only picture the destruction of Moscow to enable the reader to +understand how terrible the sufferings of the people must have been, +when snow and ice were on the ground, and not a shelter covered the +heads of the afflicted women and tender babes. It was a day remembered +long after by those who had passed through its trials. The fire +originated on Peters's Wharf, and in a moment, like lightning, it darted +along South Market Wharf and extended up to the ferry boat. Both sides +of Water Street and Prince William Street between Cooper's Alley and +Princess Street were destroyed. The old Nichols House was saved; it was +occupied then by Solomon Nichols and stood on the corner of Cooper's +Alley and Prince William Street, lately the site of Farrall & Smith's +dry goods store. It was originally built of wood and it was a marvel +that it was not carried away with the rest; but it stood like an oasis +in Sahara, or the old sentinel who was left on guard and forgotten after +the army had fled. One hundred and fifteen houses were consumed, and +nearly the whole of the business portion of the city, and one million +dollars' worth of property were destroyed. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +MARITIME BLOCK (1873) SHOWING VIEW OF PRINCE WILLIAM ST. + +Climo, Photo.] + +Hardly had the people recovered from the disaster of 1837, when another +scourge came upon them causing nearly as much destruction as before. +This was in August, 1839, when a fire started in Nelson Street and +burned the entire north wharf, both sides of Dock Street, Market Square, +with the exception of the house standing on the site now occupied by the +Bank of British North America, and a house on Union Street west, +occupied by Mr. Hegan. It didn't cross Prince William Street. The old +Government House, Union Street, escaped. + +The spring of 1841, 17th March, was the scene of another fire, when four +lives were lost and much excitement prevailed. Mr. Holdsworth, of +Holdsworth & Daniel, (London House) perished while endeavouring to keep +off the sparks from the roof of his store. + +On the 26th August, a L30,000 fire in Portland carried off sixty houses; +and on the 15th November, 1841, a fire broke out on the South Wharf and +burned the whole of that wharf together with Peter's Wharf, south side +of Water Street, and the large brick Market-house in Market Square, +which was occupied by butchers in the ground flat, and used for the +civic offices in the second story. This building could have been saved, +and was lost through gross carelessness. Incendiarism was rampant and +the greatest excitement filled the public mind. + +In 1845, 29th July, forty buildings were burned from a fire which took +its start in Water Street, and in 1849 the famous King Street fire broke +out in a store in Lawrence's building. The Commercial Hotel, then kept +by the late Israel Fellows, father of James I. Fellows, Chemist, was +destroyed, together with the Tower of Trinity Church, which had to be +pulled down that the Church might be saved. Pilot Mills climbed to the +cupola and secured the fastenings by which it was brought to the ground. + +The fire in Prince William Street of March 8th of the present year, +which broke out in the building owned by the Ennis and Gardner estate, +and resulted in the loss of seven lives and nearly two millions of +dollars' worth of property, is still fresh in the minds of our readers. + +Thus the reader will see that St. John has had a goodly share of the +great fires, which, in a moment lay prostrate a city, and plunge her +inhabitants into almost hopeless ruin. We come now to that day of our +last and greatest tribulation when the city was shook to its very +foundation and was well nigh thrown out of existence. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[A] The exact acreage, from actual measurement is 200 acres; +streetage, 9.6 miles. + + + + +CHAPTER II. + + The Late Fire--Its Origin--Bravery of the Firemen--The High + Wind--The Fire's Career--Fighting the Flames--Almost Lost-- + The Escape from the Burning Building--Destruction of Dock + Street--Smyth Street in Flames--The Wharves--Demolition of + Market Square--Something about the Business Houses there-- + The Banks--Fire checked at North Street. + + +The great fire, for we must distinguish it by that title, since in +vastness it overpowers all other similar calamities which have befallen +St. John, originated in the late Joseph Fairweather's building, York +Point, Portland, at half past two on Wednesday afternoon, 20th June. The +writer and Mr. Frederick R. Fairweather were walking down King Street at +the time of the alarm, and, in company with hundreds of others, visited +the scene of what promised at the time to be a very small affair indeed. +When the place was reached, McLaughlin's boiler shop was in flames and +all efforts of the firemen to put out the fire were checkmated at every +turn by the fierce north-west wind which was blowing a perfect gale. In +a few minutes the fire spread with alarming rapidity, and houses went +down as if a mine of powder had exploded and razed them. The wind lifted +from the roofs immense brands and sparks, and by three o'clock the city +was in flames at a dozen points. Lower Cove was on fire, and the dryness +of the houses rendered them as useless to withstand the blaze as bits of +paper would have been. The huge blazing brands were carried along in +the air for miles around, and where-ever they dropped a house went down. +The engines were powerless, and the firemen, though they worked like +heroes, availed but little. The wild, mad flames, now in sheets, now +with a million tongues of angry fork-like columns, dashed against the +wharves, levelling them to the water's edge, ripping up the pavements of +the streets, and crushing houses out of existence in a single swoop. +Nothing could be done. The leaping demon swept all before him. Hare's +Wharf with its buildings bowed before the destroyer, and with a roar +which thrilled every heart, and unnerved every man who stood there, the +whole force of the fire dashed into Smyth Street and shattered every +building in it. J. W. Nicholson's wine vaults, Harrison's flour +warehouse, Logan & Lindsay's storehouse, Robertson Place, which exceeded +in value half a million of dollars, were snapped up in a second. The +flames spread into Drury Lane and Mill Street, and soon both sides of +Dock Street were in the common ruin. But while this was going on, the +rear of the London House, in Market Square, was threatened and the old +barracks in Lower Cove were on fire. A reinforcement from Carleton and +Portland fire departments came to the assistance of the firemen at this +juncture, and every man worked with a will. The hose was directed with +admirable expertness but the high wind baffled the efforts of all who +stood before it. It could rise higher than the water, and it could +travel faster than man. A mass of flames at the end of Smyth Street and +Drury Lane burned close to an engine, but the dauntless firemen, +holding boards over their heads to protect their faces and eyes from the +heat, gave battle to the relentless foe. It was a fight of water and +human endurance against fire, and fire prevailed in the end. The unequal +combat lasted some minutes, and it was only when death seemed imminent +that the men drew away, and even then they only yielded the ground inch +by inch, till they could no longer stand up before the charging enemy. +The fire was now going with headlong speed down Dock Street. Frantic +women wildly sobbing filled the roads with the few sticks of furniture +and portions of bedding which they had managed to save. Children +hastened along crying aloud, and making the scene more dreadful as they +ran barefooted over the hot sidewalk. Men with picture frames and books +rushed past, calling and threatening, and moaning. It was a scene +terrible in its reality. People were driven from street to street, and +hurled forward, till, with horror in their blanched faces, they turned +and saw in their rear the wild flames hemming them in. With many a +shriek they dashed into the side streets. Some ran along Water Street, +only to meet the flames there, and a few sought refuge in rafts and +boats, and sped to Carleton, losing in the excitement every dollar they +owned in the world. The old McSweeney lime-stone building, which came to +a point on the corner of Union and Dock Streets, early succumbed and was +a mass of crumbling ruins. It was near this edifice that a woman rescued +her child from instant death, and pulled her away just in time to +escape being buried in a mass of stone, which came tumbling down in a +thousand pieces. The Rankine bakery, another building known far and +wide, suffered demolition, and was soon a heap of ruins. Some young men, +three in number, entered a store on Mill Street, to avoid the dust and +smoke. In a little while they saw with agony the flames burst in upon +them from the rear door, ten or twelve feet from the entrance. They +called for help, and attempted to gain an exit from the place which was +now filled with heavy black smoke. Three times they sought the door, and +every minute they began to realize the imminence of their danger. The +flames and smoke drove them back, and now the water from the hose came +tearing into their faces, knocking their breath away, and saturating +them with the wet. Two jumped with the frenzy of madmen and the wildness +of despair, and landed into the street safe, but paralysed with fear. +The other man groped his way on his hands and knees along the floor and +felt for the door. He succeeded after enduring much suffering, in +crawling into the street. All that these three saved was on their backs. +In the midst of the commotion in Dock Street, merchants were busily +engaged in securing their books and private papers, and hurrying out +with them. Some trusted to their safes and locked their doors. The sweep +in this street was a clear one. The old "Hammond House" went shortly +after the McSweeney building, and the Figaro Opera House followed +shortly after. This building was built a few years ago, as an exhibition +hall, by Otis Small, Esq., and leased to Major George Bishop, as a +concert room. He occupied it awhile, and Pete Lee succeeded him in the +lesseeship and management of the concern. Some excellent performances of +the variety kind have been given in this building. The hall was +comfortably seated and tastefully arranged. Latterly it was converted, +by Prof. Neilson, into a ball-room and dancing academy, when it received +its new name, "Figaro Opera House." + +Dock Street was soon in ashes, and it was while this street was burning +that a grand rush was made by the merchants and private bankers, to the +Bank of New Brunswick. Piles of bank notes, bills of exchange, +mortgages, bonds, specie, books of account, ledgers, &c., &c., were +placed in tin boxes, when practicable, and deposited, through the +courtesy of George Schofield, Esq., of the bank, into the vaults. They +were not a moment too soon, for now the splendid front of the Market +Square was in a blaze, and Hall & Fairweather's store on South Wharf was +burning. An immense amount of damage was being done. On this square a +vast deal of business had been done for many years, and leading +merchants had made and lost fortunes on its site. The London House, +Messrs. Daniel & Boyd's wholesale establishment, represented a large +value. It stood in the centre of the square, and the gradual sinking of +this structure was a sad but grandly imposing sight. It was here where +enterprise was to be found, and Daniel & Boyd's name was ever the +synonym for honesty, integrity, and truth. It was in this spacious +warehouse where the busy merchants were to be seen, eager to help the +young men of the city, and anxious to develop the resources of the +country. In every good work, in every deed of charity, Thomas W. Daniel +and John Boyd headed the list, and to them many a young merchant to-day +is indebted for that teaching, which, in after life, made him honourable +in his dealings. This prominent house was started in 1831 by Holdsworth +& Daniel. The fire of 1839 carried their store away, and for a while the +firm occupied the store known as Jardine's, Prince William Street. In +1839, the land on the market square was purchased by Mr. Thos. Daniel +for L4,000. (In 1811 this place was used as a blacksmith's shop.) In +1847, Mr. Thomas Daniel left the firm and went to England. His nephew, +the present head of the house, Thos. W. Daniel, began business on his +own account, and soon after 1852, he admitted John Boyd as a partner in +the house, under the style of T. W. Daniel & Co. Shortly after the style +of this firm was changed to Daniel & Boyd. On the corner to the right of +Daniel & Boyd, No. 1 Market Square, was the staunch old drug +establishment of the late W. O. Smith, Esq. Mr. Smith, the father of our +present ex-Mayor, opened here after the fire of 1839, and the business +has been conducted here till the late fire, by his son, A. Chipman +Smith, since 1871, when his father died in March of that year. In the +adjoining store, so many years occupied by Lawton & Vassie, Messrs. +Manchester, Robertson & Allison, may be said to have begun business. +They left here, W. W. Jordan taking the store, to occupy their +commodious premises in King Street, which alone kept off the fire +from the north side of King Street. The saving of this building was one +of the marvels of the present calamity. It really held the key to the +whole of this side of the street. But for the laundry and the well +managed protective means employed by the firm and their friends, the +destruction of this house and the entire street would have been +accomplished. Men stood idly in the courtway folding their arms and +telling one another that the building could not possibly be saved, when +Mr. Manchester, in his short impulsive way, told them if every one did +as they were doing, it could not; but he intended to use every effort in +his power before he gave it up. The firemen here worked with a will, and +were rewarded with a splendid result. It was on this side of the street +that the Western Union Telegraph Office was situated, and it and Mr. J. +W. Hall's new building were the first to go. The Maritime Block--a +splendid structure--in which the banks, Maritime, Montreal and Nova +Scotia, were established, and which faced the Market Square, went down +while it was yet daylight. In this building the offices of the school +trustees, Dun, Wiman & Co., A. P. Rolph, Lumber Exchange, and Board of +Trade were held. While Mr. Rolph was engaged in getting his things ready +to move out, Mr. Richard Thompson's men were hastening in with +silver-ware and jewelry, thinking in their excitement that this building +was at all events safe. Mr. Thompson's loss is very heavy, and the +damage to his elegant and costly stock is considerable. The lot on which +the Sheffield House stood was offered some years ago, at private sale, +to John Wilmot, Esq., father of Senator R. Duncan Wilmot, by James +Brimner, for L2,000. Mr. Wilmot refused it, and attended the auction +sale when it was knocked down to him for L2,950. The police office went +next, Watts & Turner's, H. & H. McCullough's, and round again to the +north wharf, carrying Lewin & Allingham, Chas. R. Ray, W. H. Thorne & +Co. (retail), and Thomas M. Reed, along with it. The destruction on the +north wharf totally demolished the establishment of Jas. Domville & Co., +and the books of the firm which had been taken to the Maritime Bank for +safe keeping, were subsequently burned there. The saving of the Bank of +British North America, the only monetary institution in the city which +resumed business the next day as usual, was one of those wonderful +events which only occur at rare intervals. The fire roared lustily in +the rear of the bank, but something seemed to command it to halt there, +and advance no further. A large barn went down, and now it was deemed +certain that the bank would go next, but no, the fire crossed the +square, dashed along Water Street, cut into Ward Street, destroyed a +slip full of schooners and wood boats, slipped into Tilton's Alley, and +rushed along with frightful rapidity on both sides of every thoroughfare +in its way. On the one side of the city the fire was stopped at North +Street, having reached J. & T. Robinson's house and store. + +[Illustration: THE BUILDING WHICH PREVENTED THE FIRE FROM EXTENDING UP +KING ST.] + + + + +CHAPTER III. + + The Fire in King Street--Recollections--The Old Coffee House + Corner--The Stores in King Street--The Old Masonic Hall--The + St. John Hotel--Its Early Days--The Bell Tower--King Square-- + A Night of Horror--The Vultures at Work--Plundering the + Destitute. + + +The fire entered King Street in the western side from Germain and +Canterbury Streets. It began by burning down Lawton & Vassie's brick +store, erected on the site which contained the famous Bragg building. +This stout building and Bowes & Evan's premises were soon buried in the +common ruin. The fire went along King Street, destroying Mr. Sharp's dry +goods store, Jas. Adams & Co's., James Manson's magnificent palace, +including his safe and all his valuable papers, John K. Storey's and +Magee Bros., Imperial Block. This last place is quite historic. This +block was erected in 1852, by the late John Gillis. It was built on the +site where the memorable coffee house stood. Here of an evening for +years and years the old men of the place used to sit and gossip and +smoke and sip their toddy. Here in 1815 they met to learn the news of +the war between France and England, and read the story of Waterloo four +or five months after it was fought and won. In this sort of Shakspeare +tavern, the leading merchants of the day met and chatted over large +sales, and compared notes. Here a verbal commercial agency was +established, and here delightful old gossips, like busy Sam Pepys and +garrulous old busybodies, like Johnson's Bozzy, met and told each other +all about everybody else's affairs. What a time these old fellows had +every night sitting there in that quaint old coffee house, chatting and +smoking, smoking and chatting again. And there were Ben Jonsons in those +days, who wrote dramatic pieces and showed them to their friends over a +cup of hot spiced rum. And poets too, full of the tender passion, sighed +out hexameters of love in that old coffee house so dear to some of the +men we meet to-day who lost everything in the flames on that dark +Wednesday in June. Ah, yes, the grand old coffee house was torn down in +1852 to make room for the handsome pile of stone and brick which +perished only the other day. The corner is again bare, and the few who +remember the coffee house are fast passing away. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +KING STREET.] + +The fire now gained great headway, and soon it was seen taking +prodigious leaps, going ahead, and then seemingly to dart back again and +finish what it had already begun. The people everywhere were in the +wildest state of excitement. In the back streets the fire was +progressing and destroying the residences of the men who were trying to +save their business property in the marts of commerce. People sent car +loads of their more valuable goods to places which appeared to be safe, +but which turned out in the end to be of only temporary security. Men +had their stores burned at four and five o'clock, and their goods burned +at seven and eight o'clock. It was only putting off the evil for a few +brief hours. Cartmen charged wildly and exorbitantly--some having to +pay as high as fifty dollars to have carted away a cartload of stuff. On +every roof in King Street clerks and employers stood with hose and +buckets of water, but nothing that man could do or devise held the +flames at bay, or kept them off for the brief space of a moment. The +fire was determined on a clean sweep, and despite the most strenuous +exertions it had its own way, and baffled the efforts of those who +attempted to stay its fierce will. Beek's corner, lately in the +occupancy of H. R. Smith, bookseller, and a perfect feeder of a fire +like this, was an easy prey, and with a loud roar its rafters fell, and +a well-known corner was no more. Mullin's shoe store, a building of +similar construction, went down in another moment, and now the only +brick building in the block from Canterbury Street to Germain Street was +attacked by the fire. This was Pine's brick building, a fine structure +which several years ago Mr. George Jury Pine built, and in which I. & F. +Burpee commenced business, and George Stewart, of Stewart & White, began +trade. Messrs. Della, Torre & Co. occupied No. 30, and Geo. Stewart, +Jr., Druggist, held the other store, No. 32. The present owner of the +building, Stephen Whittaker, of Fredericton, had lately begun the +erection of a spacious rear addition, and improvements on a liberal +scale had been commenced in the upper stories. The rest of the building +was known as the Russell House. This building went to pieces about six +o'clock. The photograph rooms were destroyed before Pine's building +went, and the flames sped quickly, carrying before them the stores of +Bardsley Bros., Scott & Binning, W. K. Crawford, Geo. Salmon, and +Hanington Bros.' drug store, formerly Fellows & Co.'s establishment on +Foster's Corner, corner King and Germain Streets. The contents of this +store were quickly snapped up by the fire, and pills and plasters, soaps +and perfumes were spilled about in hopeless profusion and confusion. Mr. +T. H. Hall's twin buildings were across the street, but a barrier like +that was an easy jump for the infuriated flames. They leaped into the +windows, attacked the wood-work, and with a strong pull the two splendid +stone buildings were borne to the ground, and thousands of dollars' +worth of property lay scattered about in all directions. Mr. Hall +occupied the corner store as a book-store, and T. L. Coughlan had the +other. Dr. J. M. C. Fiske, dentist held the room overhead.[B] The Gordon +House, Fred. S. Skinner's grocery store, a row of wooden shanties, +Landry's brick building, with a rich stock of organs in it, Logan, +Lindsay & Co.'s large grocery, A. & J. Hay's, Geo. Nixon's, Wm. Warn's +bath-rooms, W. H. Watson's, Geo. Suffren's, W. H. Patterson's, Taylor & +Dockrill's, George Sparrow's, R. McAndrew's, and the United States +Hotel, only lived a short time in the very heart of the fire. + +[Illustration: PINE'S BRICK BUILDING KING ST., THE ONLY BRICK BUILDING +BETWEEN CANTERBURY AND GERMAIN STS.] + +The fire closed here for a moment, engaging a building dear from long +and good service to the people of St. John, and eminently historical in +its way. The United States Hotel, as Mr. Hinch, the photographer, called +it, when he took possession of it a few years since, was known for many +years as the old Masonic Hall. It stood on the corner of King Street and +Charlotte Street, and was commenced by the Free and Accepted Masons in +1816. It was decided to erect this Temple of Masonry at a meeting of the +craft held April 1, 1816. The lot of land was leased from the +corporation of Trinity Church, and on the 28th September following the +corner-stone was laid, on which was inscribed the following:-- + +"This stone of the Masonic Hall was laid on 28th Sept., 1816, of the era +of Masonry 5816, and the reign of George the Third, King of the United +Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, in the mayoralty of John Robinson, +Esq., by Thomas Wetmore, Esq., H.M. Attorney-General of N.B., as Grand +Master, substitute of John Pike, Esq,. Grand Master of the Society of +Masons, Nova Scotia, and the jurisdiction thereof." + +[Illustration: BELL TOWER AND KING SQUARE.] + +The movement was not successful in a pecuniary sense, for in 1819 the +building was sold at sheriffs sale, at suit of James Hendricks. The +purchaser was Israel Lawson. Mr. Lawson had the building completed, and +leased the third or upper story to the Masons. The room was 60 feet by +30 feet, with two large ante-rooms. It was in this room that all the +concerts, balls, public parties, and public meetings given in the city +were held for many years. Up to 1836 the house was known as the Masonic +Hall, but after this year its name was changed. The St. John Hotel +Company was formed, and the building was purchased from Mr. Lawson and +converted into a hotel. It was called the "St. John Hotel," and Mr. +Cyrus Stockwell father of the Honourable Mr. Stockwell, editor of the +_Boston Journal_, opened it on May 24th, 1837. He was its first +proprietor. A copy of the company's original seal is given below. It was +made of brass, and was two inches in diameter. + +[Illustration] + +This was the first hotel in St. John. It was here that Governor-General +Poulet Thompson and Lord Elgin stopped, and all the notables who from +time to time visited the city. In 1840, Mr. Stockwell retired, and +Messrs. W. & J. Scammell succeeded him in the management of the hotel. +These enterprising gentlemen set to work at once to remodel the +building, and they soon had it in splendid working order. The same +energy which the present firm of Scammell Bros. throw into their +business, was characteristic of the old firm of Scammell Bros. in 1840. +In 1851, W. & J. Scammell left the St. John Hotel, and took up their +quarters in the Waverley House, nearly opposite. The picture which +accompanies this sketch of the old hotel represents the building as +it appeared in 1837. It is taken from an old picture, and as but two or +three copies were known to exist before the late fire, it is a question +now if more then one copy was saved. The old St. John Hotel is full of +associations, pleasurable in every case, to travellers who used to come +to St. John thirty and forty years ago. Even in 1858, when Messrs. +Whitney & Adams kept it, it was still a home for the stranger. There was +a freedom about its old rooms, and a positive luxuriance which one looks +for in vain in the hotels of our later days. About 1861-62, people used +to sit in Ned Sharland's book-store, which was on the ground-flat, and +sketch the Bell-tower, which was then certainly "a thing of beauty," +even if Mr. Warner found it the reverse in 1874, when he climbed up to +the triumphal arch and found it was made of wood, painted and sanded, +instead of solid stone, as he thought it was. This bell-tower was +erected in 1851, and the large bell which for years tolled out that fire +was at hand, was made in 1852, and came from Meneely's, West Troy, New +York. Before that day, men struck a gong from a scaffold whenever there +was a fire. The tower was useful even in its latter days, if its beauty +had departed three years ago. The cut which we supply will give the +reader at a distance some idea of the old tower, as it appeared in its +lusty young days. When the city comes to be built up again, the site of +the late hotel must not be forgotten. It is eminently adapted for an +hotel. It is centrally located, and has a frontage of 120 feet on King +Street, by 100 feet on Charlotte Street. King Square did much to stay +the onward march of the fire. It was a haven of rest for those weary +ones who were flying from the flames, with the few things they had saved +from the burning. It was the camping ground of the soldiery, and the +hospital bed of the sick and wounded, who were borne to the fresh grass, +and laid there until help was brought to them. The Square, the first few +days of the fire, was filled with furniture, and books, and household +utensils. It was in this square that half-famished women, that night, +hugged their little ones to their hearts, and rocked them, hungry and +cold, on the sward till they went to sleep, only to awaken again and cry +for something to eat. It was here that women gathered into slips the +flying feathers that danced upon the grass and were the playthings of +the wind, trying to save enough of what remained to make a rest for +their heads. It was here they sat with wildly staring eyes, looking out +into the night, while all around them the embers flew about, and the +heavens were red with the sporting flames. It was before this that the +Bell-tower fell with a deafening crash, and many a heart quailed in the +Square, for this told that another historic fragment was swept away, and +that the terrible fire was near at hand. Sobbing children ceased their +wailing for a time, and feeble mothers prayed that God in His mercy +might avert the calamity, and stay the warring flames. There was no more +sleep for the tired ones. They must wander about, ringing their hands +and crying aloud in their awful despair. Even men who had faced a +thousand dangers, quailed before the advance of the fire. The streets +were alive with hurrying pedestrians. Horses were driven at breakneck +speed, and the clattering hoofs told that danger was at hand. Human +vultures stood, with their "pickers and stealers," ready to pounce upon +everything that could be seized, and the presence of an appalling danger +did not deter them from plundering the unfortunate and the destitute. It +was the old war again, of the strong against the weak and powerless. A +female vampire helped a widow lady to gather her little things together +in a bundle, while her children stole the silver and jewelry, and made +off with their plunder. Rough half-grown men stopped children in the +streets, and snatched from their arms the treasured fragments from a +broken home, which they were trying to rescue from the elemental +spoiler. Loafers and thieves held high carnival, and despite the agony +which was felt on all sides, these miscreants never for an instant +forgot that they were thieves, or neglected to ply their calling when +chance threw anything in their way. All night they roamed the streets, +and thrived on the misfortunes of others. Ask them for assistance, and +they knocked you down. Give them something to hold a minute, and they +made off with it. The vilest scum that ever filled a penitentiary +stalked abroad that night, and their lawlessness but added to the horror +of the hour. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +VIEW OF KING ST., SHOWING ST. JOHN HOTEL, 1837.] + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +NORTH SIDE KING ST. AND BELL TOWER.] + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[B] The Orangemen of St. John District met in this hall. + + + + +CHAPTER IV. + + The fire in Germain Street--The first brick house in St. John-- + Old Trinity--The Loyalists--Curious ideas about insurance--The + rectors of Trinity--The Clock--The Royal Arms. + + +The fire along Germain Street was of great volume, and dealt out +destruction in a thoroughly wholesale manner. A good many buildings of +more than ordinary note were situate in this pleasant street, and to +these may be added a large number of churches, some of them being of +especial importance in an historical point of view. The fire came along +briskly, carrying Foster's Corner, Foster's shoe store, and the little +buildings adjoining, till it reached Dr. Ring's residence, the old +Disbrow property, the first brick house in St. John. The doctor had +lately improved it by extensive building operations, but in an hour or +two hardly a fragment remained to mark the spot, save parts of the +well-built walls and the tall chimneys. Mrs. Chas. K. Cameron's +millinery store and Hamilton & Lounsbury's place of business were in the +two stores in this building, and they very soon were lost to sight. +Lordly, Howe & Co.'s furniture warerooms, filled with new stock, were +greedily devoured by the flames, and Geo. Hutchinson, jr., who kept the +time ball in working order, lost all his jewelry and stock. The precious +stones and gold and silver ornaments in his safe were totally ruined +also. The Mansion Hotel, a small boarding house, was soon among the +general mass of debris, and the fire whizzed across the street, and +directed its entire force on Old Trinity. First the steeple went, and +then the whole body of the old church was in a sheet of flame, and there +was barely time left to save the historic Royal Arms which Captain Frank +B. Hazen got out of the building, and a few prayer books in the vestry, +and the minister's surplices, which Colonel Chas. R. Ray rescued from +destruction. The communion plate was in a safe, and it too was saved; +but this was all. During the burning of this sacred edifice the greatest +consternation prevailed among the people who lined the streets. Now +surely there was no resisting the fire. The hoarse roar of the tornado +of flame seemed to sound like a mocking laugh, and when the rafters of +the oldest church in the city fell with a dull thud, all felt as if a +friend had been torn ruthlessly from their gaze. Many exhibited real +emotion; and there were women who cried that afternoon, as they thought +of this last relic of their loyalist forefathers being swept away in the +cruel and all-devouring fire. Trinity Church has a very remarkable +history of its own, and the picture which we supply of it will be +perhaps the most attractive of our illustrations to the great mass of +the residents of the city. It was ever a monument of the piety and +religious tenets of our first settlers. A heritage which they left to +their children. It never laid claims to architectural beauty, but it was +commodious and homely; and men felt while inside its grand old walls +that there was something more than the mere name in religion after all, +and the word which they heard was true and good. The Loyalists who +settled here in 1783, on that memorable 18th of May, were composed of +that stuff which the poet tells us warriors sometimes feel, and they +diligently set to work to build on this sterile, rocky soil a city that +future ages would acknowledge. They had thrift, integrity, great zeal, +enterprise and piety, and these attributes were their strongest points. +The man who possesses all these characteristics can give battle to the +world and he will conquer. They had true courage in them, these +pioneers. They had stability, nerve and character, and were just the men +to found a city and plant the seeds of civilization in a community. They +erected simple houses at first, and then a church was built in which +they could worship that God who had befriended them and journeyed with +them to their new homes. The first church was erected in Germain Street, +between Duke and Queen Streets, in the lot where Mr. James McMillan +lived till he was burned out of it the other day. The faith adopted here +was that of the Church of England--as the major portion of the Loyalists +were of that persuasion. When the city lots were divided, the "Old +Burial Ground" was laid aside for church and burial purposes, and at the +south-west corner--where the court-house now stands--it was intended to +build a church, and a frame for that object was obtained. The fire of +1784, however, passed over this section of the city, and the founders +changed their ideas about the locality in which the projected edifice +should stand. The Germain Street building had not been consecrated, and +the people continued to worship there until 1791, when the Trinity +Church was erected. The first church then continued to be occupied by +various denominations, by the Methodists first, and then by the +Baptists, until meeting-houses and chapels of their own could be built; +latterly it was used as a private dwelling-house and school-house. The +first sermon in Trinity was preached on Christmas Day, 1791, by Rev. Dr. +Mather Byles, rector. The following year a bell was put up, and, in 1803 +or 1804, stoves, for the first time, were placed in the church. The +first Bishop of Nova Scotia, Right Reverend Dr. Charles Inglis, +performed the consecration services of the church. This eminent divine +was grandfather of Major-General Sir John Inglis, whose deeds of valour +at Lucknow will never be forgotten while glorious exploits in military +history live in the memory of men. Thomas Horsfield and Fitch Rogers +were the first church-wardens of Trinity, and the vestrymen were Hon. +Gabriel Ludlow, Ward Chipman, Munson Jarvis, Thomas Whitlock, Nathan +Smith, Thomas Elmes, William Hazen, Colin Campbell, Nehemiah Rogers, +Isaac Lawton, Thomas Bean, and Samuel Hallet; vestry clerk, Colin +Campbell; sexton, James McPherson. General Coffin and Thomas Whitlock +gave the ground for the building, and Messrs. Bean & Dowling were the +builders. This Mr. Bean was the gentleman who, in June, 1811, when the +church wanted to borrow L200, agreed to lend it that sum on the express +condition that the insurance policy then on the building should be at +once cancelled. An order was passed cancelling the policy without delay. +Thus was Trinity for a while without insurance. Had Mr. Bean's ideas +prevailed to-day the congregation would, in all likelihood, mourn the +loss of $20,000, which is the amount that was on the building at the +time of the fire. When the edifice was finished, it was found to be of a +peculiar shape, and its breadth was out of all proportion to its length. +This was not an accident, however, for the builders wisely thought the +city would grow, and that as the requirements of the people needed it, +the church might be made larger. Little change had taken place in the +interior arrangements of the church at the time of its destruction. The +same pews had stood over four score of years, and all the alteration +that was made was a slight cutting down of the backs of some of the +centre ones. The side pews remained the original height. For +seventy-three years the old organ has been in constant use in Trinity. +It was brought from London in 1804, and cost a good round sum. The +freight on it alone was one hundred guineas, but the owner of the vessel +which brought it over, Hon. Wm. Pagan, remitted the amount back to the +corporation of the church. To its last days, this organ has been a good +instrument. In 1792, Mr. William Thomson presented Trinity with a bell, +for which he received a cordial vote of thanks. This bell was in active +service till 1857, when the bell which tolled a few days ago its last +sad peals, was mounted in the belfry. The town-clock, as every one was +accustomed to call the clock which told of the passing hours, too, has a +history. In 1810, Mr. John Venning erected the tower and cupola. He +had nearly completed his work one May morning, when owing to a light +fall of snow the staging became slippery, and when Mr. Venning stepped +upon it he slipped from it to the roof, and from thence to the ground, +where he was picked up dead. In 1812, the clock was placed in position, +and has remained there, till the events of Wednesday ended its career. +Barraud, of Cornhill, London, was the maker, and it cost L221 19s. +sterling; the Common Council voted L50 towards it. Up to 1814, the +church paid for having the time-piece wound, and in this year the +winding cost L6 15s., when the church people decided that they would no +longer attend to this service, and maintained that the commonalty should +see to it. The Council, on December 24th, 1814, resolved to act on the +suggestions of the Church corporation, and took upon themselves the duty +of keeping the clock wound up and in repair. Edward Taylor assisted in +putting up the clock and assumed control of it, till Mr. Wm. Hutchinson, +father of Geo. Hutchinson, jr., took charge of it. Previous to 1857, it +had three dials, but in this year a fourth was added, and a spire was +placed upon the church. + +[Illustration: TRINITY CHURCH.] + +In 1811-12 the church was lengthened, and in 1857 it was enlarged again. + +The first rector was the Rev. George Bisset, A. M., an Englishman. +Before the revolutionary war he was assistant to the rector of Trinity +Church, at Newport, Rhode Island. He became, two years later, the rector +of that church, and remained in that position until 1779, when the +British forces evacuated the island, and Mr. Bisset went to New York. +At the close of the war he came to St. John and was chosen rector of the +new parish. In 1786, he went to England on private and public business, +and while there raised quite a large sum to further the interests of his +church, and to assist materially in the building of the edifice. But in +1788, without seeing his hopes realized, he died, and was buried in the +Germain Street church-yard, and subsequently his remains were interred +in the Putnam tomb, in the old burial ground, where they still lie. + +A Harvard graduate of the class of 1751, was the next rector of Trinity, +the Rev. Mather Byles, D.D. For fifteen years, he had laboured as a +Congregational minister at New London, and then left that church to link +his fortunes with the Episcopalians. He joined the Church and became +rector of Christ's Church, Boston, Mass. He left his charge, when the +British troops abandoned Boston, and went to Halifax, N. S., where he +became Garrison chaplain. When Mr. Bisset died Dr. Byles removed to St. +John, was made rector, and preached, as we have said, the first sermon +that was ever preached in Trinity Church. In his latter days Dr. Byles +was very infirm and required an assistant. He was rector of St. John for +26 years, and died at the age of 80 in March, 1814, loved, honoured and +respected. He was a man of fine parts, an excellent talker, of quick and +lively nature, and he possessed a rich fund of anecdote and humour. A +bundle of his sayings and doings has been published. + +Rev. George Pidgeon was the third rector. He was a learned graduate of +Trinity College, Dublin, and was born in Kilkenny, Ireland, in 1761. He +was an ensign in the rifles, and had served in America during the war. +He subsequently went to Halifax, took orders in the Church, became +rector of Fredericton and Ecclesiastical Commissary for the Province in +1795, and in 1814, on the death of the incumbent, he was made rector of +St. John. His health failed him, however, and for a time the church was +closed, when finally he died, May 6th, 1818. He was buried in the old +burial ground, and his monument may still be seen there. + +The fourth rector was the Rev. Dr. Robert Willis--a Navy chaplain and a +very eminent man. His ship was at Halifax coaling, when intelligence +reached him that Mr. Pidgeon was seriously ill, and that the church in +St. John was closed in consequence. He left at once for St. John where +he officiated for several weeks, and on the death of Mr. Pidgeon was +chosen rector. The Stone Church and St. George's, Carleton, were erected +during his incumbency, and this caused a division in the Parish. Dr. +Willis became rector of St. Paul's, Halifax, in 1825, and Arch-Deacon of +Nova Scotia, which offices he held until the year 1865, when he died at +the age of 80. He was the father of Rev. Cuthbert Willis, rector of +Salisbury, who was formerly of the 15th regiment of foot. + +In 1825 the Rev. Benjamin Gerrish Gray, D.D., succeeded Dr. Willis as +rector of St. John. He was born in Boston 1768, and on the departure of +the British troops from that city, while yet a child, he went with his +father to Halifax. He graduated at King's College, Windsor, completed +his education in England, and was ordained minister in 1796 by Bishop +Inglis at Halifax. Some years were spent by him as minister among the +Maroons, a discontented body of savages which the British Government +placed in Nova Scotia to the great annoyance and fear of the +inhabitants. The Doctor spent several years in connection with various +missions throughout Nova Scotia until 1819, when he became rector of St. +George's, Halifax. He laboured as rector in St. John on the death of Dr. +Willis, for fifteen years, when in 1840 he resigned his position. He +lived till 1854, when at the advanced age of 86 he died full of honours +and respect. He was a man of elevated tastes and liberal ideas. He loved +science, art and literature, and was a well informed and polished writer +and thinker. In 1833 one of the greatest calamities which ever befell +man happened to Dr. Gray. His house in Wellington Row took fire, and +before aid could come it was burned to the ground, together with the +rector's wife and a female domestic. No sympathy could alleviate the +suffering of the distracted husband, no words of man could take away the +agony of his deep grief and sorrow. It pressed heavily upon his mind, +and he was never again the same man. At this fire he lost his valuable +library which contained many rare and costly books and manuscripts, +together with the complete records of his parish. + +He was succeeded by his son, Rev. John William D. Gray, D.D., a very +able man. He was born in 1798, at Halifax, and graduated at King's +College, Windsor. He became rector of Amherst, N.S., and in 1825, when +Dr. Willis resigned his office in St. John, a movement was made to get +the rectorship for Dr. Gray. This was not done, however, for the father +was appointed, and the son became his assistant. In 1840, on the +retirement of Dr. Benjamin Gray, the sixth rector received the +appointment which he held until his death, in 1868. For twenty-eight +years this eminent clergyman laboured for his church and his people, and +all remember him as a kindly, thoughtful, generous man. He had abilities +of the highest order, and, whether as a preacher or a writer, his +reputation filled no second place. He wrote with a nerve and a boldness +which carried all before it, and his extensive erudition and vast powers +of concentration of thought made his works valued and esteemed. His +notable writings were chiefly controversial pamphlets, and few entered +the lists with him and gained a victory. His vigorous pamphlets on the +Catholic question, and the Moses and Colenso controversy will be +remembered by many who read these pages to-day, and all will regret that +the great rector never published a theological book or placed his ripe +thoughts on some enduring record. He was an able exponent of the +Scriptures, and he wrote in a superior and beautiful style. His sermons +were models of elegant English and sound doctrinal ideas, and no rector +of Trinity ever filled the position so grandly and so loyally as good +old Dr. Gray. He died at the age of seventy years, and in the +forty-seventh year of his ministry. He was accounted the best reader in +the Province, and his delivery was forcible, and distinguished for a +certain gracefulness of style. The Rev. James J. Hill, M. A. succeeded +Dr. Gray. He is a native of Nova Scotia. His failing health caused him +to resign the rectorship in a few years. At a meeting of the St. John +Parish, held on the 21st of July, 1873, the Rev. F. H. J. Brigstocke, of +Jesus College, Oxford, was unanimously nominated to the rectorship. He +had been in orders twelve years, and for five years had been curate to +the Dean of Canterbury. Mr. Brigstocke assumed his duties in October, +1873, and is the present rector of the parish. + +The stained-glass windows in the chancel of the old church were placed +there in 1859, and were presented by John V. Thurgar, Esq., a respected +retired merchant of this city, whose old stand was burned down on the +North Wharf during the great fire. + +The old arms of Trinity Church have an historic interest of very great +importance. A glance at them will reveal the fact that they are military +arms and not those of the church. They have escaped fire once or twice, +and in the early years of their existence witnessed many a heated +controversy, and experienced marvellous escapes from destruction. The +first we hear of them was in Boston where they adorned the walls of the +Council Chamber of the Old Town House. On March 17th, 1776, they sailed +out of Boston Harbour and were carried to Halifax, where they had a +temporary abiding place in the old chapel there. They were afterwards +placed, in 1791, in Trinity Church, where they have remained ever +since, until Captain Hazen rescued them from the flames on Wednesday +afternoon. A story is current that a hundred years ago, these arms were +snatched from Trinity Church, New York, when that edifice was in flames, +but this lacks confirmation, and the best authorities are unanimous in +holding that their peculiar build unfitted them for church use, and that +they were certainly intended to adorn the walls of council chambers. +That they were with the British army, whether on its march or at its +station, is settled beyond dispute. This ends the story of old Trinity, +the most historic edifice in the city--the first church--the quaintest +structure--the last link which bound the old and the new together. The +school-house fronting on Charlotte Street was burned at the same time as +the church. + + + + +CHAPTER V. + + The Old Curiosity Shop in Germain Street--A Quaint Old + Place--"Rubbish Shot Here"--Notman's Studio--The Mother of + Methodism--Destruction of the Germain Street Methodist + Church--Burning of the Academy of Music--The Old Grammar + School--Presbyterians among the Loyalists--The "Auld Kirk" + --Saint Andrew's--The grants of Land--Legislation--The + building of the Kirk--Ministers--The "Victoria" in Flames + --Fascination of the Fire--The "Victoria" in Ruins--What + might have saved it. + + +The fire has destroyed Mrs. Lyons's "old curiosity shop,"--an +establishment known far and near as a place where everything, from a +needle to an anchor, might be got. Mrs. Lyons is an old inhabitant, and +for years was a constant attendant at every auction sale, and her +judgment has more than once influenced and controlled the bidding. She +bought everything, and, what is more curious still, she managed to sell +it afterwards at a fair profit. Old books, old pictures, cheap prints, +crockery, bedding, carpets, furniture; all had a home in that asylum for +decayed rubbish. It was a pleasant place in which to while away an odd +hour or two. The things were, at least, worth looking at; and one could +sometimes turn over a good book or two, or dip into the pages of an old +magazine and find a bit of poetry here and there, or a pleasant essay +that was worth glancing over. Of course, nothing out of this stock could +be saved, and the curious and out-of-the-way knick-nacks of the people +were swept away in a very short time. Mrs. Lyons is a very heavy +loser by the calamity, and narrowly escaped with her life. Indeed she +was reported missing at one stage of the fire. + +Mr. Notman's beautiful studio with its gems of neat things in art, and +its hundreds of elegant picture frames, went next. The premises had only +recently been opened, and the reception room was a perfect gallery of +beautifully arranged pictures and chromos, and India ink copies. A +number of oil paintings, some of them of considerable value, a good many +choice bits in water colour, some decidedly clever engravings together +with pieces of statuary, and a bronze or two perished in an instant. Not +a negative was saved, and the fine picture of Mr. John Melick's handsome +boy, which was so artistically finished in India ink by Mr. James +Notman, shared a like fate. The studio was full of handsome work, and +lovers of the aesthetic whenever they had a spare minute or two always +wandered into Notman's and inspected the new things he had there. It was +a place of resort for the cultivated mind, and the eye always rested on +something pleasing and charming. This building went so rapidly that the +occupants barely escaped with their clothes. The fire crossed the street +on both sides, and after sweeping down Mr. Edward Sears's house on the +corner, and carrying with it Mr. Tremaine Gard's jewelry establishment, +it rushed along levelling all before it, till Horsfield Street was +reached. On this corner the Mother of Methodism was situated--the old +Germain Street Methodist Church--called in olden times "The Chapel." +This structure was located a few feet off the street, and when the fire +caught and hugged it in its grasp the concourse of people beheld a sight +not easily effaced from their memory. The flames shot up, and for awhile +nothing but an avalanche of fire was to be seen. The hot, thick volume +roared out and crackled as timber after timber went down before the +whirlwind, and rent asunder in an hour, an edifice which had withstood +the blasts of the elements for seventy years. In 1808, on Christmas day, +this chapel was opened, and dedicated to the service of God, by the Rev. +Mr. Marsden. The leading layman at that time was the late John Ferguson, +an influential citizen and a prosperous merchant. He did much for +Methodism in his time, and it was through his exertions that the chapel +was built. For many years this commodious building was the only place of +worship that this body of Christians had in the city, and the various +clergymen who from time to time preached from its old-fashioned, homely +pulpit, developed sterling qualities and superior talents. Among its +body of laymen were men distinguished alike for their zeal and religious +principles. Such clergymen as Revs. Messrs. Priestly, Wood, Dr. Alder, +John B. Strong, Bamford, Wm. Temple and H. Crosscomb, will be +affectionately remembered by old members of this congregation, as +ministers whose interests were ever closely identified with those of +their hearers. The present Chief of Police, John R. Marshall, has been a +member of this church all his life, and for thirty years he has led the +singing. It was an unpretentious building with no attempts at +architectural display. A few years ago, to meet the wants of the +community, it was enlarged and extended back, and the gallery was placed +nearer the pulpit. While this building was burning the hospitable +residences of James Lawton, Esq., and Wm. Davidson, Esq., were being +reduced to ashes, and Dr. McAvenny's fine dental rooms adjoining those +houses, went down also. + +The burning of the Academy of Music[C] took place almost at the same +time. Not a vestige of this splendid hall remains to tell of the +dramatic triumphs that have been witnessed on its stage, or the +matchless oratory that fell from the lips of Phillips, Beecher and +Carpenter. Here it was that a few years ago the great performance of +Richelieu took place, when Couldock enacted the Cardinal Duke, and Louis +Aldrich was the impetuous De Mauprat. Here on this stage Carlotta Le +Clercq won some of her grandest triumphs. Here Warner and Lanergan gave +their wonderful interpretations of the Moor and Iago. Here Chas. Koppitz +led his great orchestra the day before he died, and here some of the +sweetest voices have been heard emulating the notes of the nightingale. +This building, which for several years enjoyed a splendid reputation, +well stocked with scenery and properties, centrally and admirably +located, seemed to melt into nothing on the day of the fire. The walls +fell with a loud crash, and the grand temple of amusement, in which our +people felt so much pride, was a thing of the past. It was owned by a +joint stock company, and the late Dr. George E. Keator was the first +president. On his death, Dr. Allan M. Ring was made president, and he +has retained the office ever since. John R. Armstrong, Esq., has been +the secretary from the beginning of the institution. It is only about a +year ago that it was frescoed and painted and greatly improved inside. +The Academy presented a noble appearance from the street, and the reader +can form an intelligent idea of how it looked from the illustration +which we give. The Knights of Pythias, New Brunswick and Union Lodges, +occupied the upper story as a lodge room. It was neatly and attractively +fitted up, and the knights took great interest in having it properly +cared for. The loss with which this young organization has met, is quite +large and is therefore severely felt. + +The last theatrical performance at the Academy of Music was on Tuesday +evening, 19th June, when Louise Pomeroy, an actress of charming genius, +sustained the _role_ of "Juliet" in Shakespeare's tragedy of the +affections, "Romeo and Juliet." On Wednesday night she was to have +performed "Rosalind" for the second time in St. John, in the delightful +comedy of "As You Like It." The company then playing were under the +management of Mr. William Nannary, with Mr. P. Nannary as assistant +manager, and Mr. W. E. Kelly, of Halifax, business agent. Mr. George B. +Waldron was stage manager, and his wife, Isabella Waldron, the leading +lady. The other members of the organization were R. Fulton Russell, F. +G. Cotter, G. T. Ulmer, Harry Pierson, Belvil Ryan, Mr. Padget, Mr. +Eberle, J. Reddy, Mr. Vanderen, Mr. Donaldson, W. F. Edwards, C. Mason, +Lizzie May Ulmer, Pearl Etynge, Little Bell Waldron, Mrs. Edwards, Mrs. +Vanderen, Miss Hill, Mabel Doane, and Florence Stratton. All of these +artists suffered by the fire. Some saved their wardrobes, only to have +them stolen afterwards. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +ACADEMY OF MUSIC.] + +After Dr. McAvenny's office was burned, the fire shot into Messrs. +Miller and Woodman's double house, the late residence of Hon. A. McL. +Seely, and it was soon shattered to its basement. The fire then spread +as far as Duke Street, burning on its passage Dr. W. Bayard's house, and +the old McGrath residence, which latterly contained Dr. James E. +Griffith's office. On the other side, the Grammar School was the first +victim after the Old Chapel. + +This building was a plain wooden house of rather squat appearance. It +was erected on two lots of land, 80 feet front by 200 deep, which in +1807 were sold by Thos. Horsfield for L100. The first teacher was James +Brimner. In 1818 Dr. James Patterson took charge, and remained head +master till nearly the close of his life. Rev. Mr. Wainright, +afterwards rector of New York, and who died Bishop there, was at one +time a teacher in the Grammar School. The masters who have taught here +have been judiciously selected, and the school has been very successful +from the first. Messrs. Hutchison and Manning, and Rev. Mr. Schofield, +and latterly Rev. Dr. Coster, are all gentlemen of fine scholastic +attainments and excellent imparters of knowledge to the youth. For many +years the Corporation gave a gold medal annually to the bright boys of +this institution of learning, and many of our prominent lawyers, +doctors, engineers and merchants have been educated here. H. W. Frith, +Esq., was for many years secretary to the Board who controlled this +school, and continued in that office till the new school-law came into +force. The Grammar School in its last days was a free school of the +highest grade. + +It has been said of Scotchmen that next to love of country they revere +their religion. Indeed, the love is as warm for the one as it is for the +other. The Bible and Home. God and Scotland. Their religion has been +compared to their native Grampians, and some have said that it was as +hard, cold, determined and unyielding as those grand old hills +themselves, the very name of which sends a thrill through every +Scotchman's breast. Every Scottish poet has sung of home, every native +bard has written hymns and psalms. Burns's "Cotter's Saturday Night" +contains the germs of the Presbyterian faith, and Tannahill, Thomson, +Campbell, Hogg and all the other tuneful minstrels have sung in the same +key, and told of the old faith which the Covenanters felt on their +bleak hill-tops years ago, when it was deemed by some to be a crime to +worship God in more ways than one. It is as rare to find a Scotchman +unacquainted with the leading events in the Bible, the gist of the +shorter catechism, and the whole of the Psalms of David, including the +cxix, word for word, as it is difficult to enter a city all the world +over, and not find the sons of the old land filling the leading +positions in the place. Our readers may be sure that among the sturdy +loyalists not a few Presbyterians were to be found. When they reached +St. John, they settled in Lower Cove, and the first thing they did was +to consider the advisability of building a kirk. In 1784, the leading +men drew up a petition for a grant of land on which to lay the +foundation for a house of worship. It was sent to Governor Parr, and on +the 29th of June, of the same year, the grant was issued under the Great +Seal of Nova Scotia. John Boggs and others, for the Church of Scotland, +were the grantees. Their associates were Andrew Cornwall, James Reid, +John Menzie, Charles McPherson, William Henderson, John Gemmill, and +Robert Chillis, their heirs and assigns in trust. The document runs as +follows, and sets forth that the grant was, "for the erection, building +and accommodation of a meeting house or public place of worship for the +use of such of the inhabitants of the said town as now or shall +hereafter be of the Protestant profession of worship, approved of by the +General Assembly of the Church of Scotland * * * and further for the +erection and building and accommodation of a dwelling house, outhouse, +casements and conveniences for the habitation, use and occupation of a +minister to officiate and perform divine service in the meeting house +aforesaid, according to the form and professing aforesaid * * * and +further for the building and erection of a public school house and +public poor house, with proper accommodation and conveniences for the +use of the inhabitants of the said Township of Parr,[D] forever, and +upon this further trust and confidence to secure and defend the said +piece and tract of land, and all such buildings, edifices, and +improvements, commodities and appurtenances, to and for the several and +respective public uses, intents and purposes aforesaid forever, but to +or for no other or private use, intent and purpose whatsoever." + +It further states that in case of the lands coming into possession of +any other persons, they shall take the prescribed oath of allegiance +within twelve months, and in case of their neglect to do so, the lands +shall revert to the Crown. The grant was registered at Halifax, 29th +June, 1784, and at Fredericton on December 23rd, same year. These lands +were situate on the north side of Queen Street, extending east and west +from Sydney to Carmarthen Streets, and north from Queen Street 100 feet. +They contain 10 city lots and form a block of 100 by 400 feet. + +Charles McPherson, once the owner of "Coffee House Corner," survived +the other trustees, who died before any of the buildings mentioned in +the grant were set up. A change had come over the people's views since +then, and the site was not approved of by those interested. It was not +central enough, and in 1815 it was decided to ask for a site in the +upper part of the town. Wm. Pagan, Hugh Johnston, senr., John Thompson, +James Grigor, John Currie, Alexander Edmonds, and William Donaldson were +the new Committee whose duty it was to provide "a meeting house for the +use of such of the inhabitants as are of the General Assembly of the +Church of Scotland." In this year the survivor of the trustees of 1784, +Charles McPherson, relinquished his interest in favour of the new +Committee. James Grigor selected the present site of the church in +Germain Street, and in 1815 he purchased it for L250 from J. V. +Thurgar's uncle, Mr. John L. Venner. The lot is 100 feet in width and +200 feet in depth. Mr. Grigor and wife, by deed, on the 20th June, 1815, +just sixty-two years ago, on the day of the fire, conveyed the property +to Wm. Pagan and the rest of the Committee. On June 4th, 1816, another +grant of land was given to the Committee by the Corporation of St. John. +This lot was in Duke's Ward, and known on the plan as one of the public +lots, letter B, bounded on the east by Carmarthen Street, on the west by +Sydney Street, and on the south by lots 1086 to 1077 inclusive. The +latter lots are on St. James' Street. This also was in special trust for +the Kirk of Scotland in this city, and the grant was unconditional. This +block was four hundred feet square, and a vacant field. The Committee +built houses upon it some years after, and laid out the street from +Sydney to Carmarthen, known as St. Andrew's Street. William Campbell was +Mayor, and Charles J. Peters, Clerk. + +The Act 56 George III., cap. 28, passed 16th March, 1816, recites to +this effect: + +"Whereas sundry inhabitants of the City of St. John and its vicinity, +being of the Protestant profession of worship, approved by the General +Assembly of the Church of Scotland, have, by voluntary subscription, +aided by a grant[E] of money out of the Province (1814), erected a large +and handsome building for a place of public worship, which shall be in +connection with the said Church of Scotland: And whereas, the title of +the lots on which the said church has been erected, situated in Queen's +Ward in the said city, and fronting on Germain Street, is now in the +possession of the inhabitants of the said city, who hold the same in +trust: Be it enacted, that the minister and elders of the said church, +commonly called by the name of Kirk, whenever such ministers shall be +chosen and appointed, the said lots shall be vested in them, they being +known by the name of the minister and elders of the Church of Scotland +in the City of St. John." + +In 1818, Act 58 was passed, and this statute authorized the Kirk's +ministers and elders to have full power to purchase, receive, hold, and +enjoy lands, and tenements, and to improve and use the same for the +purpose of supporting and maintaining the building erected in St. John +for a place of public worship, and of its minister for the time being; +but such rents, with the rents of pews, shall not exceed annually the +sum of L500. + +An important discovery was made in 1832, when it was found that the +legislation that had been had was entirely at variance with Presbyterian +usage, which separated the spiritual from the temporal affairs of the +church, leaving the spiritual department in the hands of the minister +and his elders, and vesting the management of the temporalities in a +body of trustees to be named. A new bill was prepared, and accordingly +the following was speedily enacted by 2 William IV. cap. 18, "that +according to the form and usage of the Church of Scotland the spiritual +and temporal affairs of the said church are kept separate, and that the +present acts of incorporation vesting the temporal affairs of the St. +Andrew's Church, in the City of St. John, in the minister and elders is +at variance with the form and usage of the said Church of Scotland." + +All previous acts were repealed, and the following gentlemen, who were +the committee of management then: Thos. Walker, Robert Rankin, John +Wishart, John Robertson, James Kirk, Robert Keltie, James Burns, Henry +Hood, William Parks, William Walker, James Robertson and Daniel Leavitt, +with the elders, John Paul, Robert Robertson, Thomas Nisbet, William +Hutchinson, Angus McKenzie and John Gillis, were appointed interim +trustees until the election of twelve other trustees as provided by the +Act, could be had. This Act is still in operation, and it fixes the +annual rents at not more than L500, and prescribes the proceedings as to +the election and choice of trustees, ministers, and elders, the sales +and leases of pews, lands, &c. + +In 1815 the kirk was finished, and the trustees were Messrs. Pagan, +Johnston, Thomson, Grigor, and Edmond, Rev. Mr. Waddell, father of Dr. +Waddell, many years resident physician at the Lunatic Asylum, preached +the first sermon. The Rev. Geo. Burns was the first regularly appointed +minister, he had been an assistant minister in Aberdeen, Scotland, Mr. +Hugh Johnston who had been commissioned to go to Scotland for a +clergyman, chose Mr. Burns who was a young man of 26 years of age, and a +doctor of divinity. The degree was conferred on him by the University of +St. Andrew on his departure for America, and the new Kirk was called +"St. Andrew" in compliment to Dr. Burns's _Alma mater_. The young doctor +arrived in St. John on Sunday, the 25th of May, 1817, and on that day +preached his first sermon from Psalm cxxii, 1, "I was glad when they +said unto me, let us go into the House of the Lord." Dr. Burns continued +minister until 1829. He left St. John May, 1831, and on the 5th +February, 1876, he died in Edinburgh at the ripe age of 86. The Rev. +Robert Wilson was the second minister of the Kirk, and he officiated +from 1830 to 1842. The Rev. Andrew Halket succeeded him from 1842 to +1848. He died in the fall of 1875, at Brecken, Scotland. The Rev. Wm. +Donald, D.D., was the fourth minister of this now influential church, +he was ordained at Aberdeen, in May, 1849, and on the 18th of June he +reached St. John, and took immediate possession of his charge. His +ministry was a long and able one, and no minister was ever loved more +and respected higher than this teacher of the sacred word. He was ever +kindly disposed towards his people and his congregation were ever +devoted to him, their interests were his interests, and his interests +were theirs. When he died 20th Feby., 1871, the whole city mourned, and +old St. Andrew's refused to be comforted. The Rev. R. J. Cameron, who +was Dr. Donald's assistant for some time, succeeded him in the ministry +of the church. The Rev. Mr. Mitchell, who began his labours on the 30th +January, 1877, was the last incumbent. During the long career of the old +kirk--the oldest Presbyterian church in the Province--it has changed but +little since it was erected. Some trifling alterations have been made in +the interior, but externally it has remained for over three score years +the same. Three memorial tablets had been placed upon the walls, the +first was in memory of William Pagan, the second William Campbell, and +the third Dr. Donald. The first Presbyterian minister who died in St. +John was the Rev. Thomas Wishart.[F] + +[Illustration: ST. ANDREW'S KIRK.] + +There are some interesting items in connection with Old St. Andrew's +personal history which are worth recording. The solid silver communion +service which was used was the gift, in the year 1818, of the Earl and +Countess of Dalhousie, and Miss Campbell gave the two peculiarly shaped +silver plates which contained the bread when the Sacrament was +administered. These articles were saved, and are now in the possession +of William Girvan, Esq. Mrs. James Lawton, about the year 1839, +presented the Church with the Pulpit Bible. This was unfortunately +burned, as well as the two oil paintings which hung in the vestry, and +were portraits of Revs. Drs. Burns and Donald. It was to see these +pictures that Dr. Burns's nephew came to St. John on the very day of the +fire, but before he arrived they were no more. + +[Illustration: VICTORIA HOTEL.] + +Very little time was lost between the destruction of Trinity, the +Germain Street Methodist, and "Old St. Andrew's." They took fire nearly +at the same time, and within an hour of each other the three were +consumed. The fire was extraordinarily rapid in its work, and the frame +buildings seemed to add zest to its voracious appetite. An engine might +have saved the Victoria Hotel, but it was far away, and helplessly the +people looked on and saw one after the other of their cherished +churches, hotels, houses of entertainment and dwellings, sink down +before the red glare of the serpent, which wound its coils round-about +and encompassed all with its fangs and fork-like tongue. It was a sight +that the eye sickened at, and the heart grew faint, and despair fell +upon the people, and many moved away. But there were others who gazed on +the tottering ruins with a fixed and glassy stare, and as the huge +boulders came thundering down from the heights above, and the half +famished flames shot out in long, thin lines from the windows, and +darted back again like a wiry thing of life, and shouts rent the air +from the lips of the wounded, these men never moved from the spot on +which they stood. The church was in ashes, and the great walls of the +Victoria were red with the demon flames. They scaled the heights, they +flew back again. They hid in the chimneys, they ran along the roof, they +melted the sashes and tore down the door-ways. The marble steps were in +fragments, and all through the long corridors of the house the shrieks +of startled women rang, and hastening refugees from the flames leapt +with the courage and skill of acrobats into the crowded street. It was a +time in which men held their breath. The fascination of that sight was +terrible. All were dismayed. All were paralyzed. The "Victoria," that +Grand Hotel which was St. John to every traveller who came here--that +massive pile of brick and stone--was no longer the standing monument of +the city's enterprise. An engine might have saved it, but the engine was +not there. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +GERMAIN STREET, SHOWING VICTORIA HOTEL.] + +This spacious hotel was commenced by a Joint Stock Company in 1870, and +was built on the corner of Germain and Duke Streets. It was opened for +business July, 1871, with Mr. B. T. Creagen as Manager, and the +following Board of Directors:--Otis Small, Esq., President; John Magee, +A. Chipman Smith, John McMillan and William F. Harrison, Esqrs. The +hotel building cost one hundred and sixty-five thousand dollars, and +furnishing seventy-five thousand dollars. In the Fall of 1873, the +Victoria Hotel Club assumed control, and Mr. John Edwards was appointed +manager. At the time of the fire the hotel was under the management of +Mr. George W. Swett, a very popular and courteous gentleman. Many of the +guests sought refuge in the squares, and some escaped from the building +with scarcely more clothes than they had on. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[C] The outside dimensions of the Academy were 190x51 feet. The +front 65 feet high, showing three stories in front. The finish was +Italian in its general style, very rich and pleasing to the eye, with +heavy and elaborate carved work. A large bust of Queen Victoria adorned +the summit of the building, while over the main entrance an excellent +bust of Shakespeare indicated the uses for which the building was +intended. The front doors were massive in style, of solid walnut, and +weighed sixteen hundred pounds. Inside.--The parquette was reached by a +wide entrance; on either side of this entrance were broad and easy +stairs leading to the balcony; while above this was the gallery for the +gods, which was approached from a separate entrance. The parquette was +furnished with 600 opera chairs, and the seating capacity of the whole +building was 1,200. The scenery, ample in supply and excellent in +character, was painted by Gaspard Maeder. The building when finished +cost the Company over $60,000. + +[D] St. John was formerly called Parr Town. + +[E] ---- Legislature granted L250 towards erection of kirk. + +[F] Three members of the congregation of this Church were lost +at the time of the fire--Mrs. Thos. Reed, Mr. Joseph Bell, Capt. Wm. M. +B. Firth. + + + + +CHAPTER VI. + + The Odd Fellows' Hall--The fire in Horsfield Street--The Sweep + along Germain Street--The old Baptist Church--Some early + Ministers--Two fiery ordeals--The Brick Church--The Ruins--The + Bay View Hotel--An old Landmark gone--The blazing Barracks--St. + James's--The Hazen House--St. Malachi's Chapel--The first Roman + Catholic Church. + + +The Independent Order of Odd Fellows is a very numerous and widely +respected body in St. John. Its roll of membership embraces many of the +best names in the city, and the order has grown from a very humble +beginning to quite an influential position in the community. It is only +a few years ago that some zealous members of the order banded themselves +together and formed Pioneer Lodge, No. 9. In a little time the lodge +grew so rapidly that it became too cumbersome to work, and new lodges +had to be made--first it was Beacon, then Peerless, and latterly Siloam, +in this city alone; besides, the order is strong in Moncton and also in +Fredericton. An encampment, too, flourishes, and is largely adding to +its membership. The Odd Fellows' Hall was pleasantly situate in what +used to be No. 5 Engine House. The hall was commodious and neatly +furnished, and the ante-rooms were convenient and well adapted for +carrying on the exercises of the order. The ground flat and second story +were occupied by Mr. Richard Welch, and the Odd Fellows met in the room +immediately overhead. The loss by fire to the order was quite +extensive, though a good deal of the regalia and paraphernalia were +saved through the forethought of some of the members who managed to get +into the building in time. The fire swept both sides of Horsfield +Street, and carried along with it the dwelling of P. Besnard, Esq., and +the house where James Hannay, the historian, lived. Mr. Hannay, who was +at Oakpoint during the conflagration preparing his history of Acadia, +lost a number of valuable books, including some high-priced and scarce +volumes.[G] Some two or three hundred pages of his history were printed, +but these were destroyed in the printing houses where they were kept. +Fortunately Mr. Hannay had with him one copy of the sheets as far as +printed, so the loss is not irretrievable. A portion of the unprinted +manuscript, however, shared the common fate of everything that came in +contact with fire on that fatal day, and this the historian had to +re-write. In this street the old Theatre[H] once stood, in which +professionals and amateurs read Shakspeare and Massinger to admiring +audiences. Among the amateurs, some of our readers may remember, were +the late Richard Seely, who was accounted a good actor in his day, and +the late Col. Otty, whose Othello was a really creditable performance. +While the fire was rendering desolate this street, the other wing of it +was ruthlessly invading Germain Street, to the very water's edge. Otis +Small's corner house, the Thomson House, some of the inmates of which +had to flee in small boats, the residences of the Messrs. McMillan, +father and son, the old Bayard House, the Seed's property, the former +residence of W. O. Smith, Esq., No. 119, and then in the occupancy of +the inmates of the Home for the Aged, some of whom got away in hardly +enough time to save their lives. + +Mr. Carey's Parsonage was on fire very soon after this, and all efforts +to save it or the old Baptist Church next door, proved unavailing. In a +short time only a blackened wall of smouldering ruins stood there to +tell in more eloquent language than words could relate, of the sad havoc +which the fire-king had made. For many years this church was to the +Baptists, what Trinity, St. Andrew's, and Germain Street Chapel were to +their denominations. It, too, had a history of its own, as dear to the +people who Sunday after Sunday sat within its walls and heard the word +of God spoken, as the historic data which filled every niche and corner +of the first English Church in the city. It was first built of wood +three score years ago, on the old site where the brick church stood, a +period ago since, and such men as John M. Wilmot, Thomas Pettingill, and +Jeremiah Drake, were the leading pillars and supporters of a body of +Christians distinguished alike for their charity, faithfulness, and +liberality. The church was organized in 1810, ground was broken in 1818 +and the large frame building was opened for service July 12th of the +same year. Wm. Stenning and Thomas Harding purchased the site, and the +former gentleman superintended the building of the edifice. For many +years this was the only meeting-house which the Baptists had, and there +are men living to-day who remember the struggles and trials which the +denomination experienced in trying to plant a foothold in the sparsely +populated district which St. John then was. The pastors of this church +were known far and wide as earnest and faithful men, and such names as +Samuel Robinson, Casewell, Bill, Henry Vaughan, and G. M. W. Carey, live +in the hearts of all people and add lustre to any faith. When the +question of tearing down the old structure which had withstood the +storms of nearly half a century, and the replacing of it with a new one +to be built of brick was proposed, there were many in the congregation +who had grown up with the church through the long decades of time, and +who had watched the building step by step, advance to its completion, +and proudly take its place among the sacred edifices of the street of +churches. These men opposed the measure, but the march of new ideas +prevailed, and in 1863, the last of the old church was borne away and a +handsome brick building was begun. The former vestry was converted into +a parsonage, and the Rev. Henry Vaughan, son of the late Simon Vaughan, +of St. Martin's, was the minister in charge. The church cost forty +thousand dollars. Mr. Vaughan died in 1864. When Mr. Carey, the present +pastor, arrived in St. John in 1865, the church was being built and he +preached for a while in the basement, and in December, 1866, the first +sermon in the church proper was preached by the same eloquent minister. +A tablet was erected to the memory of his predecessor in the church. In +1873 this church was partially destroyed by fire, but the enterprising +congregation soon had it up again. Thus has this edifice passed through +two ordeals of like character. The church had just begun to recover from +its first disaster. The liberality of its people had placed it out of +debt, and while in the enjoyment of a splendid prosperity it was +stricken down before the very eyes of the powerless people who loved it +most. No one could do anything but watch the rapid demolition, and +behold the rafters swing and the building rock and shake, and observe +the long sinewy flames grapple with the walls and hurl them to the +earth. There were strong men that day who wept when they witnessed the +destruction. And when the sad work was done, some gathered near the +ruins and looked down upon the site that had held a church while they +were yet babes, and old gray-haired veterans who had worshipped here all +their lives, felt that death would not be so bitter now since church and +home were gone forever. The insurance on this church was very light and +the loss is very heavy. The pastor saved literally nothing of his own +effects and his fine library and the intellectual labour of twenty +years, passed from his gaze with the rapidity of the whirlwind. + +The fire next crossed the street, and attacked Mr. Harding's houses, +destroying his residence, and that of Mr. Joseph Allison. Queen Street +shared the common fate; and on the side of Germain Street opposite the +church, in the building where Mrs. Crane had her seminary for young +ladies, the inmates were forced to escape in the International steamer, +and get away from the fire by water. The street was impassable, and all +hope of getting through to a locality which had not yet been reached by +the flames had to be abandoned. Terror seized the ladies for the moment, +but the courage which sometimes comes with despair, made them cool +enough to think of the water. The strength of iron came to them, and in +a moment they were saved. It was before this house that a woman fell on +her knees and offered up prayer; and here it was that another woman, +fearing the judgment day at hand, gave utterance to loud wails and +cries, that sent a pang to every heart. In the melee, an old lady +belonging to the Home for the Aged was lost, and her feeble sisters in +adversity moaned and mourned for her all through the night. The next day +she was found, and joy came to some hearts that had known no like +emotion for several years. Those kindly old ladies living so long +together were as one family, and a vacant chair at the table cruelly +reminded them of the broken homes they had too often seen. The houses +across Queen Street, on this same side of Germain Street, were not long +in following. Pagan Place, the old residence of the late Edward Allison, +Stephen Blizard's house on the other side, John W. Cudlip's residence, +in Germain Street, seemed to burn at the same time. The Bay View +Hotel--a valuable structure that reminded the spectator of the old +feudal time, when castles were residences of the great, was erected in +the year 1819, by Henry Wright, Collector, and used as a private +residence up to about twelve years ago. It was built by day's work, and +in those days the workmen received every Saturday night their pay in +Spanish doubloons. Change was very scarce, and there was no paper money. +Mr. Henry Wright died in 1829, and the house then fell into the +occupancy of the late Wm. Wright, Advocate General, and John Boyd, M.D. +Mr. Wilson was its lessee latterly, and it became an hotel under his +management. It held a commanding position, and looked far out to sea. +Strangers always paused to look up to the splendid front and defiant +head, which reminded them of the old strongholds which render historic +every inch of the old land across the blue water. And to-day, the ruins +look even more picturesque and grand than the building did in its +proudest days. Another landmark has been taken away, and it did not long +survive those who dwelt in its spacious halls in the days of the long +ago. + +But while the fire was busy with this portion of the City, it was also +extremely active and equally destructive in the lower part of St. John. +The barracks were even burned down long before it was deemed likely that +the Victoria Hotel would go. The sparks travelling in this direction +with great rapidity, soon communicated with the long, low building which +was built for the troops in 1819.[I] The fire, when it reached here had +full scope. Nothing stood in its way, and it really spent its greatest +strength here. The majority of the houses in this quarter were composed +of wood, and so many of them were close together, that four or five +houses were burned to the ground in about the same space that in +ordinary times would be spent in consuming one. The burning of the +barracks was witnessed by several thousand persons, and, for a while +there were some who fancied that the blaze would cease with the +destruction of this property. But, alas, for the fallacy of human hopes. +The great headway of the flame was made, and nothing could stop it, till +from sheer exhaustion, it spent itself. But the eager wind kept fanning +it into fury whenever it shewed signs of abatement and not until it +reached the barren banks along the water's edge did it relinquish its +grasp on men's household goods and homes. Even then it did not stop at +once, for small scrubs of trees, bits of shrubbery and grass fed it for +a while. Indeed the fire may be said to have taken a new lease of life +in those back places, and the rookeries of whole streets were swept into +ruin and their inmates hurried into greater misery than they had ever +known before. In Main Street, St. James (Episcopalian) Church was +burned; it caught very soon from a flying spark. This church was erected +in the summer of 1850 by Trinity Church. The parish was set off from +Trinity in 1852, but the church was built two years before; the dividing +line of the parish was south of Queen Street; the first rector was the +Rev. John Armstrong who was succeeded by his son, Rev. Wm. Armstrong who +held the rectorship nearly twenty years. The building was of the +Gothic cruciform style of architecture and Mr. M. Stead was the +architect. It had no tower. The first wardens were the late John R. +Robinson, Esq., father of the agent in this city of the Bank of Nova +Scotia, and the late Wm. Wright. The church was situate on the south +side of Main Street, between Sydney and Carmarthen Streets and the lots +ran through to Sheffield Street. The Sunday-school building was built in +the rear. + +The Sheffield Street Mission House and the Carmarthen Street Mission +House (Methodist) were structures of late origin, and for a while did +much good in the locality where they were placed. The fire visited them +very soon and they were burned in a short time. All along Carmarthen +Street the flames sped quickly, completely encircling every house with +which it came in contact, and whenever they met a crossing street the +fire drove through it with seeming greater fury and impetuosity. The +lately erected Adam's terrace--a row of comfortable dwellings just +finished within the year--burned with a tremendous roar that was heard +above the din, for blocks away. In these houses were the families of +Robt. Turner, Fred. R. Fairweather and W. C. Watson, Esqs., and so +quickly did the flames spread that hardly a stick of furniture was +saved, and hundreds of valuable books were burned. Judge Watters's +residence, the home of Attorney-General King, Henry A. Austin's, Madame +Caritte's, and the Henderson houses, hardly lived thirty minutes in the +winding sheets of flame. The fire came up Carmarthen Street, up +Princess Street, up Leinster Street, up Duke Street, up Orange Street, +to the rear of those streets and down King Street east and also in its +rear on a portion of the south side. Many believed and there seemed good +grounds for that belief, that but for the torch of the incendiary, +Leinster Street would have been preserved. No one doubts but that it was +set on fire by some miscreant either through madness or through the hope +of gain. This is beyond dispute. The fire was going in the opposite +direction, nothing could bring it up towards King Square and the head of +Leinster Street. It was out of all reason to suppose that the sparks +could be carried to these points for the wind was opposite, and the open +square had, till late in the evening, kept the flames away and broke the +connection. The old[J] Hazen House built by Dr. Thomas Paddock, which is +still standing to-day, and passed safely through the fire, stood +invincible at the head of a column of buildings. The fire was confined +to its own seething territory, and this block between Leinster and East +King Street, and the whole of King Square were safe. But as the night +advanced,[K] a house far away from the reach of flying cinders, was +observed on a sudden to be throwing out flames, and from that moment all +knew the eastern portion of the city was doomed to destruction. +Christian Robertson's mammoth stable, with its splendid livery +appointments, and large stock of feed and hay, representing large value, +was only a plaything of the moment. Old St. Malachi's Chapel, the first +Roman Catholic Church in the city, caught from the sparks which were +borne on the breeze from the stable. Its destruction was complete. The +first service held by a clergyman of the Faith in St. John, was in the +City Hall, Market Square, 1813, by Rev. Charles French. St. Malachi's +Chapel was opened by that gentleman, October 1st, 1815. Among the +priests who succeeded him in that place were Father McQuade, who in +1819, had thirty women and thirty-five men for a congregation, and +Fathers Macmahon, Carrol, and Dumphy. Mr. Carrol came from Halifax, and +was the nephew of the first Roman Catholic Bishop of the Maritime +Provinces--Bishop Burk. Of late years St. Malachi's was used for school, +lecture, bazaar, and other purposes. Some of the most eloquent efforts +of J. C. Ferguson and R. J. Ritchie, have been delivered from the +platform of this Hall, on temperance and other topics. St. Malachi's was +used as a church until the cathedral was opened under Bishop Connolly's +charge. The St. Vincent De Paul Society met in this hall for several +years, as well as those other excellent institutions, the C. T. A. and +St. Joseph's Societies. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[G] Smith's History of Virginia, Ed. of 1627, on large paper: +Smith's History of New York, large paper edition, 1758, presentation +copy to Governor Ellis, of Georgia: and a very valuable historical +library on New England and Acadian History. + +[H] This was the old Friary. + +[I] Before this the troops lived on Fort Howe Hill, and the +artillery at Hare's Wharf. + +[J] The lot where the Hazen House now stands (King Square) was +bought in 1790, by Mr. Thomas Horsfield for L6 5s., and sold by him five +years later for L5, to a number of gentlemen who erected a grist mill +there. In 1800, they abandoned the enterprise, and in 1818, the spot was +used as a barracks at the time when one-third of the militia were called +out for a few months, when war with the United States was threatened. A +day or two after the fire in June, 1877, the Bank of New Brunswick +opened a temporary office there for a few days, and a soldier of the +97th regiment kept guard over the building at night. Some of the 62nd +also did duty here. + +[K] The fire broke out in rear of Dr. Boyle Travers' residence. + + + + +CHAPTER VII. + + A hard-working Manager--The Dramatic Lyceum--The Temperance + Hall--The Water-Works Building--A Hard Fight--Another Rush of + the Homeless--The Weary March of the Unfortunates--History of + the Water Supply--Early Struggles--Changes--The Old Way--The + St. John Water Company--Placed in Commission--The Company + To-day. + + +The cosy Dramatic Lyceum, endeared to old theatre-goers on account of +many pleasant memories, was reduced to ashes after the fire had +destroyed the marble establishments of Jas. and Robt. Milligan and S. P. +Osgood. Like Robertson's stable it was not long in the throes of +dissolution, for it parted company with the earth in a few brief +moments. It had been built a score of years and more, and for a long +time it was the chief place of amusement in the city. Its builder was +the father of theatricals in St. John, and no man ever did more for his +chosen profession than he. He worked with the vigour which only an +enthusiast feels, and now at the close of his long managerial career, +extending over a quarter of a century, he can look back with pride and +satisfaction on the work he has done. He has taught the people all they +know of dramatic affairs to-day. He has educated and elevated their +tastes, and by the production of the great masterpieces of Shakespeare, +Jonson, Massenger, Bulwer, Goldsmith and Sheridan, he has instilled into +the minds of the citizens a love of all that is admirable and beautiful +in our common literature. He it was, who at great pecuniary sacrifice +brought such an artist as Charles Mathews here, and it was under his +management that Charles Dillon, E. L. Davenport, Frederic Robinson, +Wyzeman Marshall and the famous comedian, Wm. J. Le Moyne,[L] played +short engagements in our city. When the plain, but comfortable Lyceum +was built, it was the first step towards a regular theatre that had been +made, and in his early days Mr. Lanergan had much to contend against and +many old prejudices to break down. A hundred arguments were brought to +bear against his enterprise. Many good people, unskilled in the +knowledge of the world, and who had never in their lives attended a +theatre, were the most open in their denunciation of it and its +teachings. Fathers were exhorted to keep their boys at home, and men and +women were enjoined not to attend the performances in this "devil's +house." But Mr. Lanergan showed his patrons that he could furnish a +species of amusement harmless in its character and respectable in its +quality. He selected from the wide range of plays only those which +taught good lessons, and the ladies and gentlemen he secured to give +utterance to the thoughts of the masters in literature, were persons of +irreproachable character and conduct. He saw his efforts rewarded at +length, and during the last ten years of his career his audiences +comprised the _elite_ of the city. The old Lyceum was ever a pleasant +place. It was cosy and easy and roomy, and one could always see an +acceptable performance on its little stage. The building was sold to +the Irish Friendly Society a few months ago and it was used by them for +concerts, entertainments, &c. On the night of the fire it was under +engagement to a minstrel party.[M] + +After this temple of art was overthrown the fire burned along the square +till it struck the Hazen building, now owned by C. M. Bostwick, who had +but recently renovated it from top to bottom. But this corner house was +too much for the fire, the fiend was baffled in its object, and though +late through the night it made several inefficient attempts to raise its +head, when the morning dawned, the Hazen Building was still safe and +defiant, for the flames were at its feet helpless and weak. The fire +crept along the square and passed the burned district when it divided +itself into two wings. The right body went up Leinster Street, and the +left wing proceeded around by the square, attacked the Court House, was +repulsed, when it burned the buildings adjoining No. 2 Engine House, and +made a sortie in rear of the jail. It was well nigh successful in its +object, and indeed a portion of this edifice was burned. The prisoners +were made secure, and a grand exit took place under the immediate +supervision of Deputy Sheriff Rankine. Two or three of the culprits +managed to escape, but they returned next day, after wandering about the +city, and gave themselves up, fearing lest they would starve in the +desolate and destitute town. The jail successfully resisted the flames, +but not so the old Temperance Hall which stood beside it. This +antiquated and wholly unattractive meeting-house was put up about thirty +years ago, and was originally intended for a school in connection with +the poor-house, which stood on the corner of Carmarthen and East King +Streets. The Temperance Order was organized in St. John, May 12th, 1847, +and the leading men were Hon. S. L. Tilley, C.B., Lieut.-Governor of the +Province, Chas. A. Everett, the Smilers, John Rankine, W. H. A. Keans, +S. B. Paterson, O. D. Wetmore, and of late years, Samuel Tufts, Edw. +Willis, A. G. Blakslee, J. A. S. Mott, and Sheriff Harding. The +organization met in King Street till they were burned out, after which +they settled in the Temperance Hall near the jail, where they have +remained ever since. The interior of this block was burned, and only the +Court House, which was opened for the first time for Supreme Court uses +by Judge Botsford at the January Circuit of 1830, the Registry Office, +and the City Prison were left. It was only by dint of the most strenuous +exertions that these buildings were kept proof against the levelling +qualities of the left wing, which again and again reared its front till +it was firmly laid low at eleven in the evening of that terrible day. +The old poor-house in Carmarthen Street was hemmed in by the united +forces of left and right, and it easily succumbed without even a show of +resistance. The defence of the office of the Superintendent of Water +Supply[N] was one of the memorable events in connection with the history +of the fire. In the yard people from all quarters of the city had stored +their goods in the vain hope that the fire could never reach them. The +situation of the office seemed to promise safety. It was far away from +the business portion of the town, and no one dreamed of its being +attacked from the contingent which moved along Carmarthen Street. Here +at least many persons thought, was a place of safety. From four o'clock +in the afternoon, while the rich row of buildings in the Market Square +were struggling against overwhelming odds, load after load of furniture, +merchandise and general chattels poured into the spacious yard, and even +the office itself was for a time a vast warehouse. It was only when the +work of the incendiary showed itself in Leinster Street and old +Malachi's toppled over, that the destruction of the well-equipped office +was considered imminent. Then it was that heart-sick and weary men and +women, who had worked all day, and who had lost nearly all they +possessed, and had hoped what little they had taken to the water-office +yard would be saved, began to realize the situation. Where could they go +now? Where could they take the only remnants which reminded them of the +bright home they had had that morning. Twice had they gathered up the +fragments, and in each removal the little heap grew smaller than before. +But it was worse now. In the afternoon teams could be had for five +dollars a load, and now as high as thirty, and even fifty dollars were +refused by inhuman drivers. Calamities sometimes make barbarians of men, +and the nearer the flames got, and the hotter the breath of the fire +became, the more exorbitant was the price asked by owners of vehicles, +and the more inhumanity mankind exhibited. Women cried and groaned as +they fell on all that was left, and some begged piteously for help. But +when they got a dray or a sloven, where could they go? The wild behemoth +could overtake them where'er they went. But on came the fire, both sides +of the street, back again by Carmarthen Street, up by Carmarthen Street. +Here the force united, and crushing out all before it, drove with +tremendous energy and iron-like rigour into the very heart of the +building. In an instant it was on fire in ten places, and the huge pipes +alongside that looked so like an array of mounted cannon, were all that +remained in the yard the next day. The blacksmith shop, oil-house, +stable, and everything near showed scarcely a trace of what they had +been. The great bulk of the valuable records, papers and plans and +specifications of the office were saved through the untiring vigilance +of the superintendent, his valuable aids and the workmen in the employ +of the Company. Nothing, indeed, that could not be replaced in a little +time was lost. + +In this connection, a brief sketch of the water supply of St. John will +not be without interest. It is only half a century ago that the +inhabitants of this city were dependent on wells for the water which +they drank and used. Even at later date than that it used to be sold +about the streets from tall casks, at a penny a bucketful. The chief +wells were in King's Square, Blockhouse Hill--the vantage ground of many +a well-contested fisticuff battle between the rising generation; +Princess Street, near Charlotte; Queen Square, the foot of Poor House +Hill, which in winter made such a splendid coasting road; and in +Portland close by the first public hydrant, now in Main Street. In +1820, agitation was made for a better system of water supply; but it was +not until 1825 that the question took definite shape, and an Act for the +incorporation of a water company, with a capital of L10,000 passed the +Legislature. Surveys were at once made, and estimates were laid before +the stockholders, but the capital subscribed was deemed insufficient to +enable them to go on with the work in hand. The money was accordingly +lent out on interest until the next year, when each stockholder received +back the sum he had paid in, with three per cent. added. A number of new +wells were sunk at once, and every effort made to secure for the people +a fuller supply. In 1832, Hon. William Black, Nehemiah Merritt, James +White, John Ward, George D. Robinson, Thomas Barlow, Hugh Johnston, John +M. Wilmot, James Hendricks, Thomas Millidge, Robert W. Crookshank, +Zalmon Wheeler, Robert Parker, William B. Kinnear, Richard Sands, +Lauchlan Donaldson, Charles Simonds, James T. Hanford, William Leavitt, +and Noah Disbrow had an Act passed for the Incorporation of the St. John +Water Company. It started with a subscribed capital of L20,000, five per +cent. of which was to be paid in a year from the date of the passing of +the Act. The shares were placed at L5 each. Directors were to be elected +every year, and consist of thirteen in number, and seven of the old +directors were to remain in office each year. In 1834, a new Act was +passed, amending the one which was sanctioned two years previously, but +the Company was not regularly organized until 1837. Colonel Baldwin, +C.E., during this year, made surveys, and on his advice the first +practical attempt at bringing the water into the city from Lily Lake was +made. An engineer was appointed, and, under his management, the first +City Water Works were built. The water was not brought, as in the +opinion of eminent engineers it should have been, directly from Lily +Lake to the city by its own gravitation, but was taken from the tail of +Gilbert's Mill, and conducted thence by a sluice to a reservoir or a +cistern, which was placed a few yards to the south-west of the +Marsh-bridge. An engine and pumping-house was erected over the cistern, +a steam-engine and gear were procured, and the water was sent through a +ten-inch main to the reservoir, which was on Block House Hill. The water +was first brought through the pipes to the city in October, 1838. The +supply passed through a very limited number of pipes, and the +inhabitants, up to 1850, could only get water two hours each morning. +The Company, from its first organization, suffered the pangs of +financial troubles. The stock had met with many takers, who subscribed +readily, but when called on for their payments failed to respond. A loan +of L5,000 was received from the Legislature, which relieved the company +somewhat for the nonce. In 1850, an appeal was made to the citizens on +public grounds, and they were earnestly solicited to take up the new +shares which were offered. The money from this source was to be applied +to the extending of the works to, and bringing the water from, Little +River at Scott's Mill, five miles away from the city. This course had +been recommended by Chas. W. Fairbanks, Esq., C.E., of Halifax, under +whose supervision the water had been introduced into that city. The city +took up 900 shares, and private individuals bought the balance. The site +at Scott's Mill was purchased, a small dam was built, and a twelve-inch +main, four and a half miles in length, was laid. This main the company +connected with the ten-inch main that was laid in 1837-8. The same main +is still perfect, and to-day works as well as ever. In 1852 an Act was +passed, authorizing a further increase in the capital to the amount of +L10,000, to be made preference stock. This was necessary to meet the +growing demand of consumers, and to enable the company to extend their +pipes through the streets. In April, 1855, an Act was passed to allow +the company to transfer their property and works to the City Corporation +and Sessions. This step was deemed prudential for many reasons, the +chief of which was the great difficulty the company experienced in +running the water and sewerage systems separately. The conveyance was +made. The Act authorized the Commissioners to issue debentures, bearing +six per cent. interest, payable half-yearly, and redeemable at periods +not exceeding forty years from their date. Two of the commissioners, one +of whom should be chairman, were to be appointed by the Common Council, +and another by the County Sessions. John Sears, Esq.--who lost in the +great fire all his private papers, historical recollections which he had +been collecting for forty years, and a number of rare oil paintings and +portraits, an irreparable loss--was the first chairman, with the late +John M. Walker, and John Owens, Esquires, as Commissioners. In 1864, +Edward E. Lockhart, Esq., the present chairman, was appointed to the +office, and the late Thomas King, and J. D. Woodworth, Esquires, +Commissioners. On Mr. King's death, Mr. Stephen K. Brundage was +appointed, and Mr. William Seely took Mr. Woodworth's place. + +[Illustration: VIEW FROM QUEEN SQUARE.] + +The first step taken by the commission was the improvement of the works. +The dam at Little River reservoir was built higher and stronger, and +during the progress of operations on it, it burst twice, and Gilbert +Murdoch, Esq., the chief engineer, narrowly escaped drowning on one of +these occasions. A twenty-four inch main was laid from the reservoir, +and almost at the same time, and for most of its length, beside the ten +inch main put down in 1850. This came across the Marsh bridge, and was +connected, along with the twelve inch main, with an iron chamber, from +which the water flowed into the original ten inch main, running up +Brussels Street to the reservoir; a twelve inch main up Waterloo Street; +a twelve inch main which went by the city road to Portland, and mains +which have been put down later. The reservoir in Leinster Street was +also thoroughly improved. + +A new twelve inch main was laid up Erin Street, through St. Patrick and +Wentworth Streets, to Princess, in 1868. The twelve inch main that is +laid up Waterloo street, also goes along Sydney to Princess streets, and +the Portland twelve inch main is extended nearly to the spot where the +defunct street railway stables were, on Main Street, where an eight inch +pipe joins it, and carries the water as far as Rankin's mill, by way of +the steamboat wharves. + +This brings the history of the water supply down to about nine years +ago. Since that time, the progress which has been made upon it has been +great and rapid. A vast amount of money and skill have been expended to +bring the works down to the splendid state of perfection in which they +are now. The water supply is excellent, and the system of sewerage is +unsurpassed anywhere. Under great natural difficulties the work has been +prosecuted, but the engineers and their workmen, by dint of +perseverance, have surmounted the many obstacles which beset them on +every side. Before leaving this subject, a remark or two may be made +about the source from which our people receive their supply of water. +The Victoria spring is situate on a hill-side, about a mile this side of +Loch Lomond. Its waters form the head of Little River. Lake Donaldson is +near the spring, and the Victoria is supposed to drain it. The stream +from the spring flows into Douglas Lake, a sheet of water on the south +side of the Loch Lomond road, eight miles from the Marsh Bridge. It is +three miles from Lake Douglas to the reservoir. Lake Latimer, one of the +feeders of Little River on the south side, is nearly as high as Loch +Lomond. Its waters are as clear as crystal. Lake Buck, which also flows +into Little River, lies about a quarter of a mile away from it. Long's +Lake which is on the right side of Little River as it flows towards +Courteney Bay, is about a mile to the north of Loch Lomond Road, and +empties itself into the reservoir. That a still further head may be had +when wanted, the Commissioners purchased land through which they can +bring a strong supply of water from Loch Lomond. There is an abundance +of water in Little River for the immediate requirements of the city, but +the supply can be doubled easily by tapping Loch Lomond. + +The water in the Little River Reservoir is one hundred and sixty feet +above high tide level; and in the Leinster Street Reservoir it is one +hundred and thirty-two feet. A good deal of nonsense, during the +excitement of the present fire, was talked about an inadequate supply of +water to meet the wants of the exigency, but this was found to be +fallacious. There was plenty of water all the time, and while there was +much reckless and needless waste, there was sufficient of the element to +meet the demands of the firemen and hose-men. It is a popular cry to +raise at a fire which cannot be got under way, that there is no water. +On the best authority the writer is happy to be able to place it on +record that the supply of water was in every way adequate to the +requirements of the hour. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[L] Mr. Le Moyne's second appearance in St. John was at the +Academy of Music, in October, 1876, when he appeared in a round of +favourite characters from dramatizations of Dickens' novels, under the +management of Mr. Charles H. Thayer, of Boston. + +[M] As many readers take interest in the programmes used on +first nights of theatres we give a copy of Mr. Lanergan's opening bill, +at the Lyceum. It runs as follows: + + ST. JOHN DRAMATIC LYCEUM. + SOUTH SIDE KING'S SQUARE, ST. JOHN, N. B. + + _Manager and Proprietor_ MR. J. W. LANERGAN. + _Stage Director_ FRANK REA. + _Scenic Artist_ D. A. STRONG. + _Machinist and Property Maker_ D. J. MORIARTY. + _Ticket Master_ T. A. ALLISON. + + "Those who live to please, + Must please to live!" + + GRAND OPENING NIGHT! + + The above new and elegant place of amusement will open for the + first regular Dramatic Season, on Monday evening, June 15, 1857, + with a full, Efficient and Talented Dramatic Company,--comprising + the following well known Ladies and Gentlemen: + + Mr. W. A. DONALDSON, } + " N. DAVENPORT, } From the Boston Theatre. + " N. C. FORRESTER, } + " FRANK REA From Wallack's Theatre, New York. + " F. S. BUXTON. From the Canadian Theatres. + G. F. TYRRELL; J. C. WALLACE; E. B. HOLMES; D. J. MORIARTY; P. + MORIARTY AND J. W. LANERGAN, + Mrs. J. W. LANERGAN, } + " FRANK REA, } From Wallack's Theatre, New York. + Miss E. HOMAN From the Boston Theatres. + Mrs. F. S. BUXTON " Canadian " + " J. C. WALLACE + " N. C. FORRESTER " Boston " + and " J. C. MORIARTY " " " + + _The entertainment will commence as above with the National Anthem!_ + + GOD SAVE THE QUEEN, + + By the Orchestra.--After which an Original opening Address written, + and to be delivered by + G. F. TYRRELL. + + To be followed by Sir E. L. BULWER'S Chaste and Elegant Comedy in + 5 acts, entitled + MONEY! + + "'Tis a very good world that we live in, + To lend, or to spend, to give in,-- + But to beg, or to borrow, or to get a man's own, + 'Tis the very worst world that ever was known." + + Alfred Evelyn Mr. J. W. LANERGAN. + Benjamin Stout, Esq. (first appearance) FRANK REA. + Sir John Vesey " " N. C. FORRESTER. + Lord Glossmore G. F. TYRRELL. + Mr. Graves (first appearance) Mr. F. S. BUXTON. + Sir Fredk. Blunt " " N. DAVENPORT. + Capt. Dudley Smooth " " W. A. DONALDSON. + Sharp J. C. WALLACE. + Toke (first appearance) D. J. MORIARTY. + Clara Douglas Mrs. J. W. LANERGAN. + Lady Franklyn (first appearance) Mrs. FRANK REA. + Georgina Mrs. J. C. WALLACE. + + _The entertainments of the evening will conclude with the Amusing + farce, with_ NEW READING, of + MR. & MRS. PETER WHITE. + + Mr. Peter White Mr. F. S. BUXTON. + Major Pepper " N. C. FORRESTER. + Frank Brown " E. B. HOLMES. + Widow White Mrs. J. W. LANERGAN. + Mrs. Peter White " FRANK REA. + Kitty Clover " J. C. WALLACE. + + _PRICES OF ADMISSION._ + Parquette 1s. 3d.--Dress Circle 2s. 6d.--Private and Family + Boxes $4, 5 & 6 each. + + ==> Private and Family boxes can be secured in advance by application + at the Box Office. + + DOORS OPEN AT HALF PAST 7--COMMENCE AT 8. + _Ladies unaccompanied by gentlemen not admitted._ + Good order is expected and will be rigidly enforced. + PRINTED AT DAY'S JOB OFFICE, 4 MARKET STREET. + +[N] On these premises was situated the St. John Meteorological +Observatory. This was destroyed, but all the instruments belonging to +the Dominion were saved. Night and day observations have been made here +under the superintendence of Gilbert Murdoch Esq., C. E., during the +last 25 years. + + + + +CHAPTER VIII + + Burning of the Leinster Street Baptist Church--The Varley + School--Centenary Chapel--The Gas Works--$17,000 worth of Coal + burn in Ten Days--The Tall Sentinel--St. David's Church--The + Reformed Presbyterian Church--The Victoria School--Gigantic + Ruins--An Accident--Sketch of the School-house. + + +After destroying the fence which enclosed the premises of the Water +Company, the fire crossed the street, burned Mr. Wm. Murdoch, jr.'s, +house, and turned its attention to the Leinster Street Baptist Church, +which was soon brought to the level of the earth. This building was +cleanly and squarely burned, and nothing approaching to the semblance of +an edifice could be seen on the spot half-an-hour after the fire ceased. +The building was completely swept away. The corporate body of the church +was organized in 1858, under the pastorate of the Rev. E. B. Demill, son +of Nathan S. Demill, with a membership of sixteen. The church was begun +1861, and in two months and a half the basement was finished and ready +for service. In three years afterwards the church proper was completed, +and the parsonage was erected in 1874. The former cost $13,000, and the +latter $6,500. The second minister who presided over this congregation, +was the Rev. W. V. Garner, who officiated for the first time in 1864. He +was succeeded, in 1867, by Rev. W. S. Mackenzie, a trenchant writer and +an excellent reasoner. The Rev. J. D. Pope followed him in 1874, and was +the pastor of the church at the time of the conflagration. The early +deacons and prominent men of the church, were the late Nathan S. Demill +and Saml. Kinsman. Hon. A. McL. Seely, A. W. Masters, J. F. Marsters, +and Stephen E. Gerow are the present deacons. The building was fully +insured, and after the church debt of $3,000 is paid, the people will +have about $15,000 with which to commence re-building. + +The old Varley Wesleyan day-school, a brick building which a prominent +Methodist--the late Mark Varley--designed for the purpose of educating, +free, the poor belonging to his faith, made a resolute stand against the +forces of the leveller. But in vain was water dashed upon the building. +The intense heat drove the people back and no efforts of man could +prevent the school-house from being in the end subdued. This property +was erected a little more than twenty years ago and served its purpose +long and well. A first-class education could be gained here. The +teachers were usually men of brains, and the system employed for +imparting instruction was simple and efficacious. After the school law +came into force this school was no longer necessary under its old +management, and the school trustees leased the building from the Varley +Trustees, and it was used as an advanced school, at the time of the +fire. The building occupied two stories. The upper room was used for +girls and the lower apartment for boys. + +The rear of Centenary Chapel adjoined the Varley school, and being built +of wood and very large, it went up in a sea of flame without warning. +The church was opened on its present site, corner of Princess and +Wentworth streets, in 1839, the first Sunday after the fire in Dock +street, and was designed by Mr. Burpee, an American architect. Mr. W. B. +Frost put up the frame. The Rev. Dr. Wood, of Toronto, in 1838 preached +the sermon on the laying of the corner-stone, and after the church was +built he officiated for some years till 1846 when he left St. John. He +was succeeded by the Rev. Henry Daniel and Rev. Mr. Sutcliffe, whose +ministry lasted some three years. Rev. Dr. Knight and Rev. Mr. Cooney +followed for four years. Then Rev. Messrs. James Hennigar and Cardy were +the ministers for three years. Rev. Mr. Albrighton and Rev. Dr. Stewart, +and Rev. Mr. Botterel held service for three years more. The Rev. +Messrs. John McMurray and Wm. Wilson, were the clergymen for three +years, and Rev. J. R. Narraway followed with Rev. Dr. Richey for the +same period. After them came for two years Rev. Mr. England, who in his +turn was followed by Rev. Mr. Lathern for three years and Rev. Donald +Currie for two years. Rev. Dr. Henry Pope, who published a year ago, an +acceptable series of sermons in two volumes, entitled, "Draughts from +the Living Fountain," succeeded him for three years, and Rev. Howard +Sprague, one of the most eloquent and popular divines in the conference +was the last clergyman of this church. He was elected to proceed to +England shortly after the burning, to get subscriptions and assistance +for the rebuilding of the chapel. This church occupied the north-west +corner of Princess and Wentworth Streets. The other three corners +contained three splendid residences, those of J. V. Troop and Chas. +McLauchlan, jr., Esqs., Simeon Jones and Alexander Lockhart, Esqs. These +houses being solidly built and very strong were a good while in burning, +but they went at last and a large portion of the furniture and other +household goods that were got into the street were stolen afterwards by +the ghouls which infested the place. One lady lost in this way a +valuable box of furs, another her jewelry and a third a work-box of +ornate design and curious pattern, which contained many little +nick-nacks of value and interest. In this street depredations of a +wholesale nature went on unchecked all through the night. The houses of +Mr. W. C. Godsoe and Mr. T. Amos Godsoe were both burned, and a house +near by was pillaged by the mob even while the walls were swaying to and +fro. Mr. J. W. Scammell's house on Princess Street and Mrs. Chas. +Patton's residence caught fire from blazing brands which consumed them +speedily, and the heavens were soon alive with burning bits of wood, +which being borne on the breeze sailed lightsomely away. The fire burned +several houses in Pitt Street, and though the occupants of Orange +Terrace moved out quickly, their residences were saved, the paint only +on the doors and front being singed. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +WENTWORTH STREET.] + +The Gas house which is located on Carmarthen Street was long in +catching, but when the fire did reach it, its destruction was one of the +most beautiful sights which were witnessed that night. An immense heap +of coal took fire and the flames mounted to the sky. The great blaze +lasted nine or ten days afterwards and the value of the coal was over +$17,000. Nothing was left on the spot but the tall sentinel-like +chimney, blackened in the fire, and standing like a monument over the +wreck of an institution, which the morning before represented a value +exceeding two hundred and sixty thousand dollars. The company under the +excellent direction of Robert Blair, Esq., the President, had just +received a new lease of life and impetus. Since his assumption of the +duties of the office, the stock rapidly rose in value, the price of gas +was reduced, and improvements on a large scale had been inaugurated. In +a single night these works were swept away and only blackened heaps of +ruin remain. But the energy of Robert Blair has not departed, and in +less than six months gas will again burn as brightly as ever in the less +luxuriant halls of the stricken population who can afford it. The works +were built in 1845, and in the evening of the 18th of September of the +same year, gas was first turned on in St. John. Philip Peebles, Esq., C. +E., now of Quebec, was the engineer who furnished the plans, and Geo. +Peebles, Esq., C. E., was the Superintending Engineer. The latter +remained for a time and took charge. The first Secretary Treasurer was +Mr. Robert Reed. Mr. Gilbert Murdoch C. E. was Superintendent of the +works, and had charge of the pipe-laying and distributing arrangements. +Mr. Robert Britain, the present Secretary, succeeded Mr. Reed in the +office, and was subsequently appointed Manager, Robert Blair, Esq., was +made President but a short time since. The price of gas up to 19th June +1877, was $3.00 per thousand feet. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +BURNT DISTRICT, SHOWING GAS HOUSE CHIMNEY AND SMOKING RUINS, TAKEN FROM +LOWER COVE. + +Photo by G. F. Simonson.] + +One hundred thousand feet of gas were in the holder's close, and the +flames not a block away. The direst danger was imminent, and an +explosion terrible in its character might occur at any minute. No one +can say how many lives might have been lost, or how much valuable +property destroyed. No provision had been made to prevent this blow-up, +when Mr. Robert Britain with a prudence and forethought wonderful in a +time like the present, sought the President and pointed out to him the +vast extent of the danger which was so near. Mr. Blair immediately gave +Mr. Britain full charge, who notwithstanding that his own private +residence was being burned before his eyes, and his furniture and books, +wholly uninsured, were being swept away, stuck to his post like a hero +and averted a calamity, which might have resulted in the instant death +of hundreds of people. Such grand conduct as this deserves more than a +mere mention. Words are weak rewards for such conduct. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +WESTERN SIDE OF CITY, TAKEN FROM LOWER COVE, SHOWING +RUINS OF GAS WORKS. + +Photo. by Simonson.] + +Leinster Street was burned wholly, both sides down to Pitt Street where +the fire ceased, excepting one house, on either side which were spared. +The whole of East King Street, south side, from the jail to Pitt Street, +Princess Street both sides to Pitt Street were all destroyed. Mr. J. S. +Turner's walls in Princess Street remain in fair condition, but the +house is totally gutted. Orange Street fared the same fate. The handsome +residences of A. C. Smith, H. D. Troop, J. A. Venning and J. W. Hall, +Esqs., were devoured early by the flames. On Sydney Street two churches +suffered severely. Both of these were of the Presbyterian faith, St. +David's (Free) and the Reformed Presbyterian Kirk. The former situate in +Sydney Street, was built in 1850, and Rev. Dr. Thompson, afterwards an +eminent divine of New York, was its first pastor, and preached the +opening sermon in the new kirk. Before the kirk was erected, this body +worshipped in the old St. Stephen building, King Square, and Dr. +Thompson preached there when the congregation gathered. The Rev. Wm. +Ferrie, at one time editor of a little journal called _The Protestant_, +was the second minister, and on his retirement from his charge, he was +succeeded by the Rev. Neil McKay, and Mr. Ferrie went to New York. Mr. +McKay was followed by the present pastor, the Rev. Dr. David Waters, +whose loss in the fire was very large, the greater part of his library +having been burned. The Doctor was away at the time in Halifax, and only +reached the city when all was lost. + +The Rev. A. McL. Stavely is the senior Presbyterian clergyman of St. +John. He came to the city in the ship _Eagle_, August 3rd, 1841, having +been ordained minister at Kilbrought, Ireland, June 12th, of the same +year. On the 7th of August, 1841, he preached his first sermon in the +first Reformed Presbyterian Church which was then in the building in +Lower Cove, opposite the Public Schools, known as the Wheeler property. +He was the first minister of that denomination who came to the city, and +has continued ever since in charge of this body. In 1850, the Lower Cove +Church was sold, and has been since used for manufacturing purposes. +The church on the corner of Princess and Sydney Streets, and which was +burned, was erected in 1850. The house adjoining and which was +originally intended as a parsonage, was purchased by Mr. Stavely, as his +private house, and he has been living in it for twenty-seven years. In +1870, at a cost of $2,000, the basement of the church was excavated, and +a fine new hall for general purposes was made. By the fire Mr. Stavely +loses heavily, and his library, the accumulation of many years, was +destroyed. + +Probably, the greatest wreck of the day was the destruction of the +costly and splendid new Victoria School--a building which presented a +massive front, and occupied a commanding position on the corner of Duke +and Sydney Streets. This was the edifice which many who lived up the +street as far as Carmarthen Street firmly believed would act as a +barrier to the flames, and keep off the fire from their houses. Some so +implicitly believed this that until the high walls fairly bent over, not +an effort was made to remove even a picture from the rooms. O, said the +householders on Upper Duke street, that immense pile will never burn; we +are safe enough. But the proud edifice where a thousand children +received daily a free education, did burn, and the sight though +terrible, was one of the most impressive of the day. Now there was +hurrying and packing in three score houses at once, and loud cries to +teamsters and shrieks to servants and porters rent the air. Those, who +talked the loudest before the school was in ashes, exhibited the +greatest despair when they saw what they believed up to this moment to +be their surest safeguard, encircled in the fury of the flames, going +down before their eyes. First the wood-work around the sashes gave way, +and lights shot from half a hundred windows, and the crash of glass as +it was hurled to the pavement showed that the great fire had abated not +a jot. The hot slates on the roof came down the giddy height in scores, +and one man pinned to the earth by a falling slate was carried away +insensible of pain but with a two-inch wound upon his scalp. The flames +crackled for a while and then the dull, heavy sound of weighty bodies +falling inside sent a shudder through the waiting, watching crowd below. +The woodwork snapped and sang in the blaze, and the great stones on the +windows and cornices crumbled into fragments. And still the watchful and +waiting crowd stood in the street, straining their eyes trying to look +through the smoke, and seemingly unable to comprehend it all. It was +only a building that was burning after all. Only another splendid +edifice to add to the total of this day's fell work. Yes, this was the +last, surely it might be spared. But the despoiler would not leave one. +All, all must be swept away in the general scourge. + +As the last vestige of the school-house went down all hope for the city +passed away from men's minds. If that strong building could go so +easily, where would the fire end. Men who had lost their stores and +houses wandered about aimlessly, surveying the work of sorrow that was +going on so unceasingly and relentlessly. It was a hopeless thing now to +try to save anything. + +The Victoria School-house, of which an illustration is given, was begun +in the spring of 1875, and was occupied in the following May. Messrs. +McKean & Fairweather made the design, and it was erected under their +supervision, by Messrs. Flood & Prince. It cost $46,000; heating, +$4,000. The workmanship and materials employed in its construction were +of the most substantial character. The foundation was on piles, capped +with Georgia pine; and the basement above ground was faced with granite. +The fronts were of pressed brick, relieved with Preston bands, window +heads and cornices. The slope of the roof was slated and the deck was +gravel roofed. The building was 82 feet on Duke Street and 68 feet on +Sydney Street, three stories with high French roof, and a basement 12 +feet high. The basement contained two play-rooms, janitor's apartments +and furnaces and fuel. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd floors contained four rooms +each, 28 x 32, with clothes-rooms and teachers' closets. The top floor +had two rooms, 26 x 30, and a large Exhibition Hall, 16 feet high, 26 x +75. These rooms were separated by folding doors and could be thrown into +one room on occasion. The building was heated by hot water, and ample +provision was secured for ventilation by means of tubes carried between +the floors and entered through a main central shaft through the centre +of which the wrought iron smoke pipe was carried. A central projection +on Duke Street of 4 x 24 feet was brought up as a tower, above the main +roof and finished with a steep high roof. This roof and the main roof +were finished with a cast iron cresting. The lot was enclosed with a +neat iron railing set in a free stone wall. The school-house was well +equipped with furniture. + +[Illustration: VICTORIA SCHOOL HOUSE, CORNER OF DUKE AND SYDNEY +STREETS.] + +In Duke Street the meeting-house of the Disciples of Christ (Christians) +was situate. This church was built of wood and of course burned very +rapidly. The members had their first place of worship in Charlotte +Street where Mr. Jack's buildings were. About twenty years ago they +removed to this building in Duke Street. Brother Tuttle was the first +pastor and Mr. Eaton was the second, Bro. Patterson the next, and Elder +Geo. W. Garrity was the fourth and last. A few years ago a division took +place in the church, and a new edifice was built at the head of +Jeffrey's Hill, and about half of the members of the old congregation +linked their fortunes with the new order of things. + +The old Madras School on the south side of Duke Street, and the Roman +Catholic School-house on Sydney Street, adjoining the Victoria School +and which was formerly taught by the Christian brothers were burned +also. + + + + +CHAPTER IX. + + Queen Square--Incidents in the Burning--The Old Pitcher--"God is + burning up the World, and He won't make another"--Saved from the + flames--Overtaken by Fire three times--The Night of Terror on Queen + Square--Alone amidst Perils--The Lone House on the Square--Three + People under a Table--The sailor--"If I Die to-night sir, hunt them + up"--The escape--The Deserted Streets--An Anomaly--The Marine + Hospital--What a few Buckets of Water Did--The Wiggins Orphan + Asylum--The block in Canterbury street--The _News_ office--Savings + Bank. + + +Some of the most terrible incidents of the fire took place during the +burning of Queen Square. The flames carrying away Mr. Manson's residence +on the corner of Sydney Street and the square, had entered Mr. A. L. +Palmer's house soon afterwards, and then the whole block was hurried to +destruction. The square was filled with the savings of the people, not +alone of those who lived hard by, but many things were here that had +been carried to the vacant space from a long distance early that day. +There was bedding in abundance, and all round about little heaps of +general household stuff lay guarded by women and boys. This for a time +was the haven of safety, and the broad field looked like a vast +warehouse. Chairs and bedsteads and even stoves and old pipes were piled +in hopeless confusion one upon the other. In the hurry people had taken +that which they had seen first, and the common things of the kitchen +were saved while the rich furniture of the drawing-room was left to +perish. A man congratulated himself upon saving an old tub and a +dipper, while the books in the library lay untouched save by the fire, +and private papers that he could easily have slipped into his pocket, +burned before his eyes. A lady told her husband to be careful and take a +bag which contained the massive silver plate of her family for a +century, and in the moving it was found that he had saved the rag-bag +instead. A man who had been a prosperous merchant lost his all, and the +little savings he had scraped together in a decade of years seemed to +melt before him, but he that night knelt and thanked his God that his +wife and child were by his side. These treasures were near him and all +else might go. He had his strong and willing hands still left, and a +firm spirit, and though for a while he would miss the little comforts he +had been accustomed to, yet would he battle with the world again, and in +the coming years try to win back some of the fruits he had lost. Men in +the excitement knew not what to take first, and pianos were thrown out +of three-story windows, while carpets that had worn worthily and well +till they had become heir-looms in the family, were carefully borne down +stairs on the broad shoulders of stout porters. A thousand human beings +stood in the square watching the flames lashing the buildings before +them. John Boyd, Esq's residence, one of the handsomest buildings in the +city, richly furnished and equipped with costly books, was attacked on +both sides, and soon forced to yield and go down like the less +substantial buildings at its side. The house of G. B. Cushing, Esq., was +of wood, and it was not long before the site on which it stood was +level with the ground. Before the house of Mr. E. L. Jewett, once the +home of the late Dr. Gray, had taken fire, a gentleman tried to save it +by standing on the roof and dashing a pitcher of water on the sparks as +they caught vulnerable spots. For an hour or more he stood there with +his pitcher, when it became evident to him that no effort that he could +make would save the building, and he got down, leaving the pitcher +standing on a ledge of the chimney. The fire shortly afterwards burned +the building, and left the long chimney standing against the sky; and +the next day when the spot was visited, and people walked over the heap +of ashes that had once been a household, all that was saved was the old +pitcher, that still stood on the ledge of the chimney solitary and +alone. It told the story of the desolation more eloquently than tongue +of orator could speak, or pen of a Macaulay could describe. The house of +ex-Mayor Woodward, with its hundreds of curiosities and old relics, +including Major Andre's gun and a score of Continental dollars, caught +in the rear, and lived but a few minutes in the flames. But so it was +all round the square. When Mrs. Stevenson's strong house was going to +pieces, a flock of pigeons hovering near it were drawn in by the heat; +they whirled about for an instant, turned and rushed into the vortex, +and perished in a second. A cat, maddened and wild, cut off from all +escape, dashed along, when the fire pursued her, and she stood still. On +Thursday morning she was still standing in the same place. Her frame +only could be seen, with head up and tail erect; it was a ghastly +sight. It was during the conflagration on the square, that a little +child, five years old, sat by the window of his grandfather's house, +then in fancied security, and looked out at the flames. The little +fellow for awhile could not speak. He became pale with terror, and with +a loud cry he burst out with this thought: "O, pa, pa, come and see! God +is burning up the world, and He won't make another, and He won't make +another!" It was in vain they tried to pacify him, he still continued +his cry, and it was only when far away from the dreadful scene which +roused so strangely his youthful imagination, that he became calm. + +[Illustration: VIEW FROM QUEEN SQUARE.] + +But there were other incidents in this quarter of the city which deserve +more than a passing notice. There were deeds of heroism done and hours +of agony endured that should be recorded and remembered. There were +exploits exhibiting a broad humanity and great self-sacrifice performed, +that should not be forgotten or go down unrecognised. We had heroes in +our midst that night, and the man who climbed three stories of a house +enveloped in the flames, and snatched the sleeping infant from its crib, +and brought her safe to her agonized mother in the square below, is as +surely as brave as "he who taketh a city," or marches against the +invader of his country. If there are decorations of honour to be given, +let them be bestowed on those noble ones who saved lives that day. A +case has come under the writer's notice which deserves the fullest +publicity. Mr. D. R. Munro, after working at John McDougall's place in +York Point for some time, and then going to the assistance of an old +lady who was striving to save her bedding, started for Lower Cove in the +direction of Mr. Tucker's house. On his way he noticed with alarm the +extraordinary headway which the fire was making. Trinity and St. +Andrew's were on fire, and the Victoria Hotel just catching. Some of the +streets were so blocked up with people, and thick with flame and smoke, +that he could not pass them. He had to go through Chipman's field, but +he could not get further along Prince William Street. Germain Street was +the only way open to him, and by this thoroughfare he journeyed till he +reached Queen Square. Here Mrs. Freeman, the rigger's wife, was +gathering together her scattered effects, when her little children +raised the cry, "Quick, quick, mother's on fire! Save my mother!" Mr. +Munro and a companion rushed in, seized Mrs. Freeman, wound a carpet +about her, and tried to smother the flames with their hands. As soon as +the carpet was removed from her person, the fire again seized her, when +her clothes had to be torn from her and she was rolled on the grass with +a table-cloth wrapped tightly around her. This saved her life, and she +escaped the awful death which seemed so imminent. Mrs. Tucker's house +was by this time in great danger, the leaping flames were expected +momentarily to snatch it from its base, and people were beginning to get +the furniture away before the shock came. For a moment Mr. Munro lay on +the grass, unable to resume his exertions. He had worked from three in +the afternoon till it was nearly eight o'clock, and with hands and face +burned he rested on the grass. But his rest was of short duration, for +on looking up a sight met his eyes which filled his soul with horror. +Mrs. Tucker's house was on fire and she herself seemed in the very heart +of the flames. He almost flew to her, the courage of the lion and the +quickness of Mercury seemed to come to him all at once, and he was by +her side in an instant. Three times her bonnet caught, and as often was +the blaze extinguished. Mrs. Tucker seemed deaf to all requests of her +friends, who in vain entreated her to go away and leave her house and +furniture to their fate. She still remained by the few things she had +borne away, and it was after eight o'clock before she sought a place of +safety. A sailor was working in the cellar of her house, passing the +things he managed to lay hands on through the window. He was not aware +of his danger, for when he had got in, the flames were a good distance +off, and when he was discovered the house was on fire. In a few moments, +it would come crushing down and bury him in the ruins. Mr. Munro +hastened to his relief. Through his labours the man was rescued, for he +had not been out a hundred seconds, when, in a mass of ruins, the house +came tumbling down. The sailor, who gave his name as Robert Angus, 2nd +officer of the ship "Asiana," sought with Mr. Munro a refuge in the +square, for all hope of getting away by any of the streets was cut off. +Both sides of Charlotte Street and Sydney Street were on fire, and from +St. Andrew's Street all means of exit were away. The two men stood on +the square and looked around them. Strange emotions filled their +breasts. They were alone, standing in the centre of one of the greatest +conflagrations they had ever seen. All round them the giant flames +gathered, and closer and closer, and narrower and narrower the circle +became. The Pagoda in their rear was blazing. The posts here and there +burned at the tops, like so many huge candles. Not a soul was to be seen +on the square but themselves. The streets were deserted. Every one had +fled. The little nests of scattered effects burned on every side of +them, and the stench from smouldering feathers and domestic animals who +died by the score, was intolerable. Neither man for some minutes spoke. +Both looked out into the night. One can guess what thoughts entered +their heads. The advancing fire interrupted their reveries, and as they +could not escape from the plain in which they were imprisoned, they +looked about them for means of preservation from the intense heat, which +became greater at every moment. An old pine table was brought up to the +camping ground they had selected. A headstone of marble that was lying +at their feet, was placed at the head of it, and a carpet was wrapped +around them. In this primitive wigwam the men resolved to pass the +night. The prospect before them was gloomy enough. Just before getting +into this cabin, an old woman came hobbling up towards them, crying +aloud for help. They invited her to share their kennel. She accepted the +invitation and the three refugees watched the flames on every side of +them for two hours. There was silence for a while when the sailor, who +all through had exhibited such nerve and coolness, now showed signs of +trepidation and fear. He began to talk of his home in England, of his +wife and children, and the strong man who could do so much for others, +fairly broke down and wept bitter tears. "Who will take care of them +now, sir," he broke out with a wail. "If I die to-night, hunt them up +and tell them how I died. It is not for myself I feel, but for them, +poor bodies. You know my name and ship, sir, any of my mess-mates will +know what to do if you tell them what became of poor Bob Angus." It +would indeed move a sterner heart than Mr. Munro's, to hear a man like +this talk in a way like that. The sailor who had breasted the billows of +the ocean so long that he had begun to look upon them as his playthings, +crouched that night in his little box in Queen Square, weeping for the +loved ones at home, far, far away. Mrs. Donovan who sat beside the +sailor tried to cheer him up, but it was useless, and her words of +comfort only made him feel worse and writhe in greater agony. + +At last, for there is an end to all things, a bold sortie was proposed, +and each of the prisoners sought to force a way out of their natural +prison. Each took a direction, and in the dead of that awful night they +made their way. The hydra-head of the monster ruin withered them at +every turn. Giant walls fell crumbling at their feet, and the fire +flashed and the flames flickered on the heaps of debris which they +encountered on the sideways of their journey. Not a soul could be seen +in the streets. They met no living thing. The silence was as terrible to +them as it is to the lonely pilgrim of the forest, or the traveller in +the distant arctic, who shrieks ever and anon lest he go mad from the +effect of that awful solitude. When the parties met at the corner they +separated and each groped his way homeward through the desert of +desolation. Mr. Munro's loss is very heavy. In working for others he +neglected his own interests, and many of his personal effects have +passed away. + +On St. James Street, two buildings stood. One was a very massive and +very beautiful structure, of no precise form of architecture, but very +chaste and elegant for all that. The other was an old wooden barn-like +house that had been decaying for years, and was only waiting to be torn +down by some passing high wind. These two buildings were situate within +a stones throw of each other, and the one could have been saved just as +well as the other. A little nerve, a little will, and a few pails of +water would have done the work. The Marine Hospital was built in a +garden. It was a useful sort of affair in its day, but it had long ago +done all the good that was expected of it. Its day was past, and it must +soon have given way to a fine brick structure, to be located on its +site. When the fire came tearing along, decimating the buildings in +every block, Mr. Barnes, the keeper, and a few of the inmates stationed +themselves in good positions, and began a vigorous defence of the old +place. A number of well directed buckets of water, plied rapidly when +the fire showed itself, was all that these men did, and the old building +was saved. The fire was stubborn, for it tried a hundred times to gain a +foothold, but the men who defended the hospital were just as +indomitable, and the defence was a great success. The hospital now +stands in all its grim shabbiness and ugliness, though a barn near by, +filled with goods of all kinds, including a piano, of course, perished. +People from a distance, who came days afterwards to witness the +desolation, ask with amazement why this great house was saved, and the +noble charity almost opposite, was allowed to burn. But it is hard to +always fathom the short-sightedness of man. All praise is due to Mr. +Barnes and his assistants, for saving even one public building, and it +is a pity his example could not have been followed opposite, when the +Wiggins Orphanage caught. Only one man was left in charge, and it is not +expected that he could do everything in a time when all were at their +wits' end and full of excitement. This splendid charity was instituted +in 1867, and was founded by the late Stephen Wiggins. It was opened July +1, 1876, and erected at a cost of $80,000. Mr. Wiggins left this +magnificent sum for a male Orphan Asylum, under certain provisions. +These were, that each child to be admitted must be born in the City and +County of St. John, preference always to be shown to fatherless children +of mariners; the children must be not under the age of four nor over ten +years at the time of admission, and not to be continued in the +institution after reaching the age of fifteen years. No teacher could be +employed who was a Unitarian, Universalist or Roman Catholic, and no +Governor could act in that capacity if he were of that belief. The +Governors consisted of nine gentlemen. Those at the time of the +incorporation were, the Rev. William Scovil, Charles Merritt, Frederick +A. Wiggins, Hon. John W. Weldon, Beverley Robinson, J. D. Lewin, Geo. C. +Wiggins, Henry W. Frith, and the Rector of St. James' Church. When the +building burned, there were twelve orphans in the Asylum, but they were +safely rescued and sent to Long Island. The present Board consists of +the following gentlemen: Chas. Merritt, Hon. J. D. Lewin, Rev. Wm. +Armstrong, Rev. W. Scovil, Hon. J. W. Weldon, Geo. Sidney Smith, B. L. +Peters, H. W. Frith Rev. F. Brigstocke, with James U. Thomas, as +Secretary. At a meeting of the Governors, held on Monday, the 2nd July, +it was decided to rebuild the Institute very soon. The reader will +notice from the cut which is given of the Orphanage, that it presented a +very pretty front, and was exceedingly well built. + +In Mecklenburg Street, all that fine block of buildings on the north +side, beginning with the residence of Mr. John R. Armstrong, and +followed by Mr. John W. Nicholson's castle, the houses of the Messrs. +Magee and others; on the south side Mr. Vaughan's well-built house, and +on the corner the Stevenson property, mentioned just now, burned very +readily. Mr. John Magee's family escaped with their lives only. + +[Illustration: CANTERBURY ST., SHOWING RICHIE'S BUILDING IN THE +DISTANCE. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + +The fire in Canterbury Street levelled a block of buildings that were +the boast of the city. They were built with great care and especially +designed for the great wholesale trade which was done there. The street +is a narrow one and runs from King Street to Princess Street, and is +crossed by a small alley called Church. Of late years the street has +grown from a comparative by-way or short cut, to an extensive wholesale +stand, where merchants of large means and good business capacity have +met their clients and customers. The stocks kept in these spacious +warehouses have ever been large, and the appliances with which the +stores were supplied actually made business a luxury. The centre +building was erected and occupied by the Hon. Thomas R. Jones, wholesale +dry goods merchant. His shirt factory was situate opposite, next door to +the Printing House of McKillop & Johnston, who used to print _The Weekly +Watchman_. The second pile was built by the same merchant for Messrs. W. +H. Thorne & Co., wholesale hardware merchants, and the building on the +south of the present edifice, was erected by The North British and +Mercantile Insurance Company, Henry Jack, Esq., agent, and leased to +Messrs. Everitt & Butler, wholesale dry goods merchants. Mr. Jack's +office was in this building also. The _Daily News'_ office was between +the latter and the Savings Bank. It was erected some twenty years ago by +the present Queen's printer and former proprietor of the _Daily +News_--the first penny paper--George E. Fenety, Esq. The present +proprietors, Messrs. Willis & Mott, purchased it last September. This +year they made several improvements on it, enlarged it in the rear and +improved the inside. They had begun work on the ground flat when the +fire changed the aspect of affairs. All that was saved were three pages +of type, and the late fyles of the paper. These were carried as far as +Reed's Point, and were only considered safe when they reached water +mark. The building was of brick. The offices were down stairs and +consisted of accountant's room, editor's office and reporters' room.[O] +The Savings' Bank on the corner of Princess and Canterbury Streets was a +building of singularly handsome proportions. It was built in the year +1859, by the St. John County Provident Society, which up to this time +had an office in the old Commercial Bank building. In 1872, the Dominion +Government took it off their hands, had it renovated thoroughly and +changed, and commenced operations in it in 1873, as a Dominion Savings' +Bank. The Assistant Receiver-General and Dominion Auditor had offices in +the bank. Matthew Stead was the architect. The old Post Office in this +street was leased a few months ago to The Paper Company, who had it +repaired and well furnished. In the upper story _The Watchman_ office +was located. Messrs. Bowes & Evans' large stove establishment, and John +Vassie & Co's wholesale dry goods house, entrance on Canterbury Street, +were greedily devoured. The little street suffered severely, for it +represented a very large sum of money. Two well-known institutions were +also burned here, Conroy's hair-dressing establishment and McGinley's +barber-shop. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +INSIDE THE SAVINGS BANK. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[O] The first steam press in the Maritime Provinces was started +in the _Morning News_ building, then situated directly on the south end +of what is now called Canterbury Street, but which was not then +opened. + + + + +CHAPTER X. + + Incidents--An Old Corner Burned Down--The Lenders and + Borrowers--"Twenty per Cent."--The Shylocks of the Curbstone-- + The Human Barometer--The Vultures of Commerce--Chubbs' Corner-- + The Old Commercial Bank--The _Telegraph_ Office--The Bank of New + Brunswick--A Hard Worked Cashier--The Post Office--Not a Mail + Lost--Quick Despatch--The Nethery House and the Orangemen--The + Royal Hotel--The Custom House--The Dead of the Conflagration. + + +Beyond all question the successful resistance to the flames at the +residence of James H. Moran, Esq., at Chipman's Hill, prevented the +spread of the fire to the northern portion of the city. That house was +attacked with great fury from front and rear, but the extraordinary and +well applied labours of Mr. Joseph Dunlop, and his crew of workmen from +the shipyard, aided by the city firemen, kept the flames at bay. The +window sashes caught several times, and the men finding neither timber +nor axes, boldly grasped the sashes with their naked hands, and despite +some severe burning to themselves, they succeeded in tearing them away. +This saved the building and stopped the spread of the flames along Union +Street and beyond it. Mr. Moran was at his summer residence in St. +Martin's during the conflagration, but on hearing of the calamity he +hastened home, and made the journey of 32 miles, it is said, in two +hours and forty-five minutes. While the fire was in Mill Street, a +bright little fellow of thirteen, named Johnny Law, performed an act of +considerable heroism and thoughtfulness. His employer, Mr. W. H. Gibbon, +had gone to Grand Lake about two days before the fire, and left his +establishment in charge of this boy, who had the forethought when he saw +the flames coming near the store to save the books and papers. The +flooring above his head fell while he was getting out, but by crawling +on his hands and knees, he managed to effect his release from a +captivity that would soon have resulted in certain death. Besides this +he saved a number of articles from the house, and saw to the successful +removal of Mrs. Gibbon and her young children. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +PRINCE WILLIAM STREET.] + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +PRINCE WILLIAM STREET. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + +There was great ruin in Prince William Street after the fire. A good +deal of the wealth of the city, and some of the chief buildings of the +place were situate here. The destruction of the Imperial Building +belonging to the Messrs. Magee, and which was occupied by them and +Messrs. Maclellan & Co., the bankers, was but the work of a few moments. +A large quantity of valuable merchandise likewise perished, and the +newly commenced block of buildings adjoining exhibited even a vaster +extent of ruin than it did on the night of the last great fire which +raged in this locality, and which cost the city seven lives.[P] Mr. +Robert Marshall's insurance office, on the corner of the Market Square, +and indeed the whole of Prince William Street, both sides clear to +Reed's Point, were reduced to ashes and debris. Jardine's grocery store, +Messrs. Wisdom & Fish's belting and heavy goods establishment, Benson's +millinery store, Steeves, Bros., J. & J. Hegan & Co's., Beard & Venning, +The Devebers, James R. Cameron & Co., W. H. Hayward & Co., George +Philp's banking house, and Chubb's book store on the one side, were as +completely wrecked as the row of stores on the eastern part of the +street which contained Barnes & Co's. book-store, Peiler's piano +warehouse, and Professor Devine's music store, the splendid book and +publishing establishment of Messrs. J. & A. McMillan, which was first +built in 1831, and was afterwards burned in one of the great fires which +succeeded that year, and, about 1842, was rebuilt in the shape in which +the fire found it the other day, the insurances offices of H. R. Ranney, +Lawton's drug store, Stevenson's shoe-shop, Valpey's, Sheraton & +Skinner's carpet warehouse, Simeon Jones & Co's., Eastern Express, +Francis', and Z. G. Gabel's corner store. + +Chubb's Corner--the home of the curb stone broker, and the place where +more gossip has been talked during the last forty years than would +furnish the stock-in-trade of forty well-organized sewing circles--was +an early victim, for it went down with Furlong's palace about the hour +of six. The mention of Chubb's Corner awakens a thousand memories. For +many years it enjoyed the distinction of being the great centre of +commercial speculation. Men came here to meet men who had money to lend, +and those who had none came to borrow it. Stocks and merchandise changed +hands on this spot a dozen times a day, and the cautious bill-broker +who never had any funds of his own to lend, came here to scent the +financial air. In this cheerful spot money was subject to the +fluctuations of the market with a vengeance. The rate--aye, there's the +rub--"if we can only agree about _that_," said the note-shaver, "I think +I may take the paper. 'The man is a good man,'" he continued, +unconsciously quoting Shakespeare, "and I think I may take his bond," +and though nothing was said about the pound of flesh in the event of the +notes not being paid at maturity, the modern Shylock meant it all the +same, and was as equally determined to get it, too, as the old gentleman +we see on the stage rubbing his hands together, and making horrible +faces at the audience and the Christian merchant Antonio. The rate in +this grim corner was not measured by the consciences of the +money-lenders, but by the necessities of the applicant. One could tell +in a much less expensive way than by borrowing money of these gentry, +whether they were getting a good price for their coin or not, by simply +watching their faces during the operation. The face of the note-shaver +is a barometer. It requires no regulating and it is always correct. +There, quick, watch it now. See how long the face is. No, he has no +money himself, but--Ah, that's it, now watch. See, observe the +countenance, listen to that chuckle? Yes, what is he chuckling about? +Oh, that's nothing, only habit; now the face is hanging up again, and it +is ready for observation. The lender is telling the borrower how +difficult it is to get money, and how much Smith had to pay for a thirty +days' loan yesterday. This is of no interest to Jones, who is hanging +on the words of Mr. Shylock as a lover drinks in the soft nothings of +his mistress, but it gives the lender opportunities to find out how +"hard up" his victim is. Now watch the face again. Still long and +bilious-looking. Twenty per cent. is not so high. It's only five dollars +off of a hundred, and look at the time three months--and it falls due on +Sunday, too. You'll get a day's interest out of me for nothing, you +rogue. The face is positively joyous. The eyes snap and sparkle. The +countenance has become quite round and full, and there are bright spots +on the cheeks. The extra day without interest did it, and the two go off +arm in arm. But after all they are not happy; one has paid too much, and +the other stands ready to kick himself for not having asked more. O, +Chubb's Corner, you have much to answer for, and perhaps the fire did +some good in staying this kind of business for a time at least on your +site. But the old corner was not given over entirely to the vultures of +commerce. It was the place for many years where property, stocks, +debentures, bonds, and all such securities were sold at Public Auction +as well as by private sale. The old Corner was a meeting place too, +where men met and talked over the times and their affairs. Men stopped +here on their way to the Post Office, the old Bank and the Custom House, +if it was not too late, to have a friendly chat with an acquaintance. +Office boys hurrying along in the leisurely hurry that office boys +always employ, stopped at Chubb's Corner and looked into the windows of +the Exchange office, and wondered to themselves if the huge pile of +money they saw lying about was good or not, and whether it would pass. +And so the days came and the days passed away, and year in and year out, +the old Corner still stood the centre of a busy hive. If those old walls +could speak now, as daily, men tramp over their fallen forms, what tales +could they tell, what stories of joy and sorrow might they not relate! +Walls have ears and they heard much, but they could not speak and what +they knew has perished with them. + +The building on the Corner was put up by Mr. Chubb, shortly after he was +burned out in 1839. The head of the old firm was Henry Chubb, Esq., +whose father landed with the Loyalists. He succeeded in 1811 the +business which had formerly been carried on by Mrs. Mott, wife of the +King's Printer, for whom Mr. Chubb conducted the work of the +establishment on the death of her husband. In 1842, Samuel Seeds was +admitted partner in the firm together with the eldest son of Mr. Chubb, +Henry J. Chubb. In 1846 the latter died and the surviving partners +continued the business until the spring of 1855, when Mr. Chubb died +leaving his share to Mr. Seeds and his two sons, Thos. Chubb and George +James Chubb. In 1863, Mr. Seeds retired and the brothers remained in +business until 1865, when G. J. Chubb bought out his brother's interest, +and the firm has continued under the old style of H. Chubb & Co., ever +since. An exchange office was added to the stationery and printing +business during the American War. + +The old Commercial Bank building which was lately completely altered +and renovated internally, was situate on the south-east corner of Prince +William and Princess Streets. The corner stone was laid in 1839, and a +grand Masonic demonstration took place, Rev. Dr. B. G. Gray officiating. +Henry Gilbert Esq., was the President of the Commercial Bank at the +time. It was used latterly for the civic offices, and the Water +Commissioners had an office on the ground flat. _The Daily Telegraph_ +newspaper occupied the old wooden building adjoining, and about which +notice is given in the first chapter of this history. Mr. Elder, the +enterprising editor and proprietor of the paper, is a heavy loser by the +fire. Not only did he lose his well-equipped printing office and +appliances, his splendid reference library and collection of historic +data, the gatherings of many years, but his bound fyles also, and in +fact everything he possessed vanished forever. + +The Bank of New Brunswick was for a long time deemed safe. It is true +that the merchants hurried in with their books when the fire was still +raging a quarter of a mile away, but the old building which was burned +inside, exhibited after the fire, walls and pillars as strong and +vigorous as they were half a century ago. The vaults preserved their +contents, and millions of money were thus plucked from the burning. The +old bank was an edifice in which the people took pride. It was a hale +old veteran that had passed through many a disaster. When financial +troubles darkened the days of the people, when the dread cholera spread +disease and death in households, when fires laid waste the best acres +of our territory, the old bank still stood erect, and withstood the +shock which threatened her on every side. It succumbed this time, but +only in a partial way, for its pillars and a portion of its walls are as +stalwart as of yore. In May, 1821, a general meeting was held of the +stockholders of the banking company that had been organized the year +before. At this meeting some honoured names were read, and the following +gentlemen were present: Henry Gilbert, Hon. John Robinson, Nehemiah +Merritt, Wm. Black, Ezekiel Barlow, Thos. Millidge, Ward Chipman, jr., +Zalmon Wheeler, Hugh Johnston, jr., Robert W. Crookshank, Robert Parker, +jr., Stephen Wiggins, and Hugh Johnston, senr. On the seventh day of May +the directors were chosen, and the bank was ready for business. The +first President was the Hon. John Robinson; and the other Directors for +the year were Wm. Black, Ezekiel Barlow, Lewis Bliss, Ward Chipman, jr., +Robert W. Crookshank, senr., Henry Gilbert, Hugh Johnston, Nehemiah +Merritt, Thos. Millidge, Robert Parker, jr., Zalmon Wheeler, and Stephen +Wiggins. Of these but one lives to-day, Lewis Bliss, Esq., who, at last +accounts was in London, England. The Hon. J. D. Lewin was made President +in 1857, and Wm. Girvan, Esq., whose great industry is proverbial, was +chosen cashier, March 1st, 1862. Mr. Girvan, on taking charge of his +office, at once went methodically over the old books, and in two years, +by dint of untiring application, he had the full set from 1820 in shape. +The books are in such excellent condition, and so well arranged, that +it is a pleasure to refer to them. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +RUINS OF BANK OF NEW BRUNSWICK. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + +The Bayard Building, containing Mr. G. Em. Allen's office, the +Attorney-General's office and others, with two stores underneath, and +the new Bank of Nova Scotia building, which formerly belonged to Messrs. +Andre D. Cushing & Co., were soon destroyed, together with Barnes' +Hotel, which, only a few years ago, had an extension added, and was +fitted up with every modern improvement. Stewart & White's large +furniture warehouse and auction rooms opposite, in Smith's building, +with their heavy stocks, were burned. + +[Illustration: NEW POST OFFICE.] + +The destruction of the new Post Office, one of the most beautiful +buildings in the city at the time of the fire, was one of the saddest +spectacles of the day. It had only been opened a year, and its handsome +design and rich finish had often been admired. The ornamental freestone +work on the front, and the rich red granite pillars, gave the edifice a +very fine appearance. The flames were twice extinguished by Mr. Parker +in the tower where they made the attack first at six o'clock, at the +place where the clock was to have been put. At three in the afternoon +the mail matter was carefully put away in bags, and every preparation +made for a speedy departure. The first load of mail bags was hauled to a +place of safety, to Reed's Point, and seventeen of them were carried by +hand to the fish-market wharf, where a boat was seized and sixteen of +the bags put in it. The doors of the Post Office were closed to the +public at five o'clock, and by half-past six the fire had made such an +onslaught that nothing could keep it away. Through the foresight of Mr. +J. V. Ellis, the Postmaster, not a mail was lost, or a letter mislaid. +The outgoing mails that night to the north and east, were despatched as +usual, and with excellent executive skill, the Post Master was ready in +a temporary office in the Market building, to deliver letters to +applicants in less than twenty-four hours after the fire. In twelve +hours after that the delivery system was in full working order, and in a +few days merchants had the pleasure of receiving their mails in boxes of +their own at the Post Office. The Registry Letter Office was ready for +work, under Mr. M. J. Potter's management in a little while, and the +opening of the Money Order Department's Office was not long in +following. The clerks and other employes of the Post Office deserve the +greatest credit for their promptness under a most trying situation, and +their uniform kindness and courtesy were preserved to the last. Mr. +Flaglor delivered the first and last letters at the Post Office, Prince +William Street. + +The old Nethery house in Church Street, where Mr. Geo. A. Knodell had +his printing office, and Mr. H. L. Spencer his medical warehouse, was +once the great headquarters of the Orangemen, and was built about the +year 1823. It was in this building that in old times balls and parties, +and dinners in connection with the order were given, and it was from +here that on the famous twelfth of July, when Duncan Wilmot was Mayor, +the Orangemen marched at the time of the memorable riot. Mr. Knodell +has begun rebuilding on this site. + +The Royal Hotel in Prince William Street, formerly Stubbs' Hotel, and +for many years a leading house in the city, caught fire early in the +afternoon from the sparks. The inhabitants apprehended no danger and the +sparks were put out, but Mr. Waldron, Stage Manager of the Theatre, came +to the conclusion that as it had taken fire once, it might soon again be +stricken. He accordingly warned the others and proceeded to get his +things together for a final exit. The Hotel did catch about an hour and +a half after this, and all on the ground save the old tree to the left, +were in ashes before night. Mr. Thomas F. Raymond succeeded Mr. McIntosh +in the management of Stubbs' Hotel, and it was by him changed to the +name of "The Royal." A great many public dinners and balls have been +given in this house, and its spacious dining room for many years was +considered one of the finest ball-rooms in the city. The last great ball +given here was in 1871, in March, by St. Andrew's Society, on the +occasion of the marriage of the Marquis of Lorne to the Princess Louise. + +A large amount of property that had been stored away for safe keeping in +the Custom House, was burned when that fine building went down. Hundreds +of people believing strongly in stone and brick, sought refuge for their +chattels here, and almost all available space was occupied with goods of +every description. The merest trifles were saved after the building took +fire, and an immense amount of material was consumed. Even Robert +Shives' collection of diaries that dated back many years was lost, as +well as a considerable number of his papers in connection with the +emigration office of which he was the agent. Mr. Shives was suffering +from illness during the fire and was too weak to be about much. Several +merchants who had sent their account books to the Custom House for +safety lost them in the great destruction which followed. The building +was a good strong substantial structure built about the year 1841, by +the late John Walker, Esq., and designed by him as a government +warehouse.[Q] He did not succeed however, in having it accepted as such +by the government, and it was purchased by Mr. McLeod, of St. John, and +Alexander Keith, Esq., of Halifax, and used as the Custom House. The +Government of Canada bought it from George McLeod, Esq., M. P. some +months ago. It was roomy and well adapted for customs purposes. When the +Dominion Government took it off Mr. McLeod's hands they refitted it up +completely. The storm drum and time ball and signal station were situate +on the Custom House. + +[Illustration: The Burland Desbarats Lith. Co. Montreal + +RUINS OF CUSTOM HOUSE FROM NORTH END AND EAST SIDE. + +Photo. by G. F. Simonson.] + +The International Hotel was formerly a double residence with the +entrance on the second story. About twenty years ago it was enlarged and +converted into an hotel under the management of Mr. A. B. Barnes, who +called the house after its owner--The Lawrence Hotel. Mr. Barnes left +it some years ago and removed to his own premises nearer King Street, +and Mr. R. S. Hyke, after it was modernized a little, assumed the +management. + +The fire in Water Street proved to be very destructive. Tisdale's +corner, at the head of South wharf, and the home of the hardware +business in St. John for many years; the grocery establishments of C. M. +Bostwick and Geo. Robertson; John Melick's office, the ferry floats and +waiting-room, as well as Adam Young's large stove warehouse and the +Messrs. McCarty's place of business, were soon carried away. The good +old house of Robt. Robertson & Son, that for half a century wielded +great influence in the community, and whose ships to-day ride many +oceans, with its stock of sails and rigging, lasted scarcely longer in +the terrible heat than an hour's space. Walker's wharf and the premises +in Ward street suffered greatly, and it was while trying to save his +property here, that Captain William M. B. Firth lost his life. He was +last seen in Prince William Street, blinded by the smoke and scorched by +the flames, trying to make his way out. It is thought that finding all +hope of gaining an egress from the suffocating street, he sank down in +the roadside exhausted and weary, and death came to him there. His body +was found the next day, but it was not until Saturday that he was fully +recognised and claimed. He leaves a sorrowing wife and five +grief-stricken children, who spent the terrible days of his absence in +the greatest agony. There were many rumours about Capt. Firth while he +was missing. Some said that he was all right in Carleton, others +averred that he had gone away in a ship, while others again stoutly +maintained that they had seen him put out to sea in a boat and that he +would turn up all right. But when these tidings reached his poor wife, +she always turned with a sad smile of gratefulness to those who brought +her such news, in the hope that it might cheer her up, and said that her +heart told her better. Her husband's place was by her side, and he knew +it as well as she. What would he be doing out in a boat so long, when he +did not even know whether his wife and family were alive or not; no, she +never believed the rumours which came to her, thick and fast, as the +hours of those anxious days went by; and when the dread news came at +length, the widowed mother and her fatherless children had known it in +their hearts long before. + +Another terrible death was that of Mr. Samuel Corbitt, a gentleman +esteemed and respected for his many good qualities, by all who knew him. +He was a furniture dealer, and his store was in Prince William Street. A +gentleman exchanged a few words with him while the fire was in full +career. Mr. Corbitt went into his own building, to get some things and +he never came back. The greatest sympathy is felt in the community for +Mrs. Corbitt and family. + +An old resident of the city, Mr. Joseph Bell--a painter, lived in Duke +Street, where he kept his shop. On the night of the fire he went in to +remove a painting it is said, but when he turned to come out he could +not pass the flames, and he too perished, and was buried in the ruins +of his old home. A man named Johnson is still missing, and it is +probable he lost his life in the fire. Mrs. Coughlan, Timothy O'Leary, +Michael Donohoe, and Mrs. Fitzgerald, are also supposed to have lost +their lives in the same sad way, and as many are still missing, the loss +of life, it is expected, will be quite large. The heavy buildings came +down with such rapidity after they became hot, that it is feared that a +good many people were buried in the ruins, and the intense heat which +followed would render them never again recognisable, even if a portion +of the remains were found. + +An incident has come to hand which deserves more than a passing notice. +Young Johnny Murphy, a mere child, who lived with his mother in +Charlotte Street, bravely jumped from the second-storey window of his +residence with his younger brother in his arms. The act was that of a +hero, and worthy the admiration and applause of thousands. Such bravery +and heroism should indeed be rewarded. The little fellow wears his +honors meekly. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[P] March 8th, 1877. + +[Q] It had a three story granite front on Prince William Street +250 feet long, by 92 feet deep towards Water Street, which face was +built of brick four stories high. It cost Mr. Walker $120,000. + + + + +CHAPTER XI. + + The Old House on the Hill--A Wily Commissary--The Bags of + Gold--What was done at Midnight--The Dead of Night Deposit--The + Old Vault--A Timid Money-Lender--Mr. Peter Johnson--The Board of + Commissioners--The Old Gentleman's Little Joke--The Inspection-- + How it was Discovered--The Fight with the Flames--"How much will + I Get?"--What he Got--The Oil Barrels--Dashing the Water on the + Kerosene--A Lively time on Reed's Point Wharf--The Bridge of + Fire--On the Ferry-Boat--The Western Union Telegraph Office--The + First Dispatch. + + +The fire in that portion of Princess Street, from Prince William street +to Charlotte Street, was a great leveller, and destroyed a number of +useful buildings as well as a few very excellent ones. The Wiggin's +building on Rocky Hill, north side, which was erected about twenty years +ago found a fate which was common enough that day. The destruction of +Ritchie's building, though not expected by some, followed soon after. It +was admirably built, and the large number of division walls which it +had, rendered it almost invincible against any element however strong. +Look at it to-day after the fire has done its worst, and there is much +of it standing that can be utilized again. Its splendid supports are +ready for duty, and though the structure was on fire for seven hours and +subjected to great heat, the walls show that they could stand a good +deal of such endurance yet, and not crumble. The site on which this +edifice was erected, has in common with some others which have been +mentioned in the course of our story, a history of its own. A frame +building many years ago, before Rocky Hill was cut down, was built here +by Dr. Thomas Paddock, who afterwards disposed of it to Price, the +Commissary, who subsequently sold it to the Government. The house was +used as the Commissariat for a number of years. About 1823 or 1824 a +good deal of excitement was created by the arrest of Mr. Price who was +charged with defalcation in his accounts. He was closely guarded, and +after a court of enquiry was held, he was confined for a time and +finally allowed to depart. The story goes, and there are many who +remember it perfectly, that a wealthy gentleman knowing that Price lived +too fast, and had become involved, had offered to lend him the bags of +money which would make good his position when the commissioners came to +examine his accounts. It was proposed that they be sent over and +deposited in the house, and after the examiners were satisfied and had +left the city, the bags of coin would be conveyed back again to the +owner. This was satisfactory, and Price thanked his good friend. In +those days commissioners did not move as rapidly as they do now, and the +board did not arrive for a few days. In the meantime, the money was in +Price's possession, and he slept at night the peaceful sleep of the +innocent and just. But delays are ever dangerous, and Mr. Price's friend +was the timidest of the most timid men. He had no sooner sent his bags +of gold out, when he began to ruminate. What if the commissioners +decided to take the money with them and deposit it somewhere else? What +if the thing leaked out and his friend Price got dismissed, and he lost +his money? It worried him, and though Price slept, the money-lender did +not. He began to grow more and more anxious. Every day he grew worse, +until at last just as the commissioners had arrived and Mr. Price was +getting ready to show them around in the morning, and give them his +papers to examine, and show them the money, the friend acted on the +thought which was burning his heart out, and he sent for Peter Johnson. +Now Mr. Johnson, who figures in our narrative, for the first time was a +negro, and he it was, who, in the dead of night when all was still, +wheeled the mysterious bags of bullion to and from the old vaults in the +Commissariat. The money-lender sent for Peter Johnson and told him that +he had altered his mind, and that the bags and their contents must be +home again that very night. Peter proceeded at once, and stealthily +approaching the vaults, opened the heavy doors with his key, got out the +money, and wheeled it home again, and Mr. Commissary Price slept on in +babe-like innocence. And so did his friend. And so did Mr. Peter +Johnson. And so did the Board of Commissioners. In the morning, Mr. +Price rubbed his hands and dressed himself with scrupulous propriety, +that he might meet his masters in a becoming manner. And the Board of +Commissioners got ready too, and they drove round to Mr. Price's in a +body, and before entering on their duties there was much merriment among +them, and one facetious old gentleman who was always joking and saying +good things, you know, remarked to the others in his delicious way, that +almost every man had a price, but none had a Price like their's, and +then he chuckled and slapped Price on the back, and Price chuckled, and +the Board chuckled, and I have no doubt whatever but that Mr. Peter +Johnson and his master would have chuckled too had they heard it. And +then the party went down to the office and began to overhaul things, and +everything was all right, and the books were found correct. And then a +stupid old member of the Board asked to have the money brought in to be +counted, just to comply with the regulation, not that they doubted +friend Price. "O, no, but an absurd form demanded it," &c., &c. And Mr. +Price was affable and kindly, and said, "O yes, gentlemen, I shall be +quite happy to show you the funds which are all safe in the vault, I +assure you. Saw them myself no later than the other day," &c., &c. And +everyone said that was all right, and the iron doors were unlocked and +swung back! But where was the money? Mr. Price was as pale as death, and +turned to the astonished commission, when he said, "Come, gentlemen, now +a joke is a joke, what have you done with the money?" But Mr. Price +discovered before long that the world was not quite a smile, and he was +marched off to prison, and the facetious old gentleman said to the +gentleman who only wanted the money produced to gratify an absurd whim +of the Government, "Who would have believed it?" And so the Inspectors +walked out, behind Mr. Price, who was placed in durance vile and +suffered as we have seen. + +In 1843 Mr. Oliver Goldsmith, a descendant of the family of the poet, +and a gentleman who wrote poetry too, occasionally, and whose "Rising +Village," a companion piece to "The Deserted Village," was not without +some slight merit, called on Judge Ritchie and told him that he had +received orders from the Government asking for tenders for the old +building on Rocky Hill, and he suggested that he had better tender for +it. The judge did so, and to his great astonishment, his was the only +tender sent, and he got the whole of the property, including the house +and a stone barn which were on it, for L500 sterling, three months after +his tender was accepted. He immediately rented it to Dr. Simon Fitch, +who was beginning practice and who occupied it for a number of years. It +was idle for a while after Dr. Fitch left it, and then Judge Ritchie had +it altered and modernized, and he and Mr. L. J. Almon lived in it. It +was still located high up on the rock. The judge, whose taste for +architecture is well known, often planned the style of building he would +like to put up. In the evenings after reading a while it was no uncommon +thing for him to draw near to a table, and with pencil and paper plan +buildings of infinite variety. It was good employment for the mind, and +less expensive than actual building, and the paper houses could be +altered and improved and altered again at very little cost. One day the +judge planned in earnest, and his ideas took practical shape. He pulled +down the high house, excavated the rock and proceeded to build. In 1853 +he began work and by the month of February, 1854, his building was +pretty well up. He had expended some five thousand pounds on it, and was +about leaving for Fredericton when Mr. L. J. Almon came in and remarked +to him that after he was in Fredericton a week or so he would feel +rather foolish to get word that his building was burned down, and that +there was no insurance on it. This troubled the judge, and he began to +feel quite uncomfortable. He told Mr. Almon to lose no time but go at +once and effect insurance. Mr. Almon put L5,000 on the unfinished +edifice. The judge went to the capital, sat in the Assembly, and in a +few days received intelligence that his building had been burned to the +ground. He returned to St. John at once and began to rebuild. This time +he proceeded with great care, and the chaste and handsome building +destroyed the other day was the result. The first occupants of the +offices were W. H. Tuck, Duff & Almon, Chas. Watters, Geo. Blatch, +Wetmore & Peters, E. B. Peters, St. John Insurance Co., the Electric +Telegraph Co., D. S. Kerr, Chamber of Commerce, Thos. T. Hanford, the +Masonic body and some others. The stores below were not rented for some +time after the building was ready. + +The Society of Free and Accepted Masons, after leaving the Old St. John +Hotel, met for some years in the upper story of the residence of the +late Mr. Marshall, father of Mr. John R. Marshall, Chief of Police. This +house was on the corner of Princess and Sydney Streets. When Judge +Ritchie's building was finished, the Masons rented about half of the top +story, and had it finished and furnished for masonic purposes. They have +occupied these apartments ever since. Up to January, 1868, the various +lodges in the city held their warrants from either of the Grand Lodges +of England, Scotland, or Ireland. In the Province there were twenty-six +lodges, viz: twenty English, three Irish, and three Scotch. When +Confederation came to pass, it was deemed imperative by the leading +masons of the Province to separate from their respective parent Grand +Lodges in the mother country, and form a new Grand Lodge of their own +for New Brunswick. This conclusion was reached only after mature +reflection, and when it was found that the great political changes which +had taken place in the country rendered it necessary. Three Grand Lodges +were already represented in the Province. The Grand Lodge of Nova Scotia +was working, and the Grand Lodge of Canada would be formed soon. Unless +the craft established a Grand Lodge in and for the Province of New +Brunswick, the exercise of masonic jurisdiction by so many governing +authorities would only tend to hopeless confusion and detriment to the +Order. It was a thing which could not be helped. Either an Independent +Grand Lodge of New Brunswick must be formed, or a general Grand Lodge of +Canada would be created, which would have entire jurisdiction all over +Canada. At a preliminary convention of masters, past-masters and +wardens, the subject was fully ventilated, and the motion to form a +Grand Lodge of New Brunswick was carried by a large majority. The office +of Grand Master of the new Grand Lodge, was first offered to R. T. +Clinch, Esq., who was then District Grand Master, under the Grand Master +of the Grand Lodge of England, but he declined the honour on account of +the position which he held. Benjamin Lester Peters, Esq., was then +elected Grand Master by acclamation; William Wedderburn, Esq., Deputy +Grand Master; Hon. W. P. Flewelling, Senior Grand Warden; David Brown, +Junior Grand Warden; Rev. W. Donald, D.D., Grand Chaplain, and Wm. H. A. +Keans, Esq., Grand Treasurer; Mr. W. F. Bunting was made Grand Secretary +at the meeting in January, 1868, and the following officers were +appointed: John Richards, Senior Grand Deacon; Benjamin R. Stevenson, +Junior Grand Deacon; John V. Ellis, Grand Director of Ceremonies; Robert +Marshall, Assistant ditto; Jas. McDougall, Grand Sword Bearer; John +Mullin, Grand Standard Bearer; Henry Card, Grand Organist; James Mullin, +Grand Pursuivant; Edward Willis, S. S. Littlehale, Robt. R. Call, Hugh +A. Mackenzie, Thos. F. Gillespie, John Wallace, Grand Stewards, and John +Boyer, Grand Tyler. Grand Lodge was instituted in January, in the year +of masonry, 5868. The craft has made great progress, and preparations +before the fire were on foot for the erection of a fine new hall in +Germain Street. The greater portion of the stock was subscribed, and +operations were to be begun at an early day. The brethren lost heavily +by the recent fire. All the warrants were destroyed, but these can be +replaced. The private lodges met in several instances with irreparable +losses, and the full set of jewels, which Bro. Oliver Goldsmith several +years ago presented to Albion Lodge, No. 1, was not the least of these. + +In the summer of 1863, the St. John Gymnasium (joint stock) Company +began building the Gymnasium, which was located opposite St. John's +Presbyterian Church, King Street East. Its dimensions were 40 x 100, +three stories front, and the Gymnasium proper was 40 x 80. The cost was +a little over $5,000. The building was heated by steam, well lighted +with gas, and neatly and tastily arranged, containing bath-rooms, +parlours, drawing-rooms, &c. The first president was John W. Cudlip, +Esq. Mr. J. S. Knowles was secretary, and Fred. A. Jones, the lessee and +manager. Mr. M. W. Maher was the builder. A few years ago, the building +was sold to Carson Flood, Esq., dealer in piano-fortes, and was by him +converted into a commodious hall, suitable for dancing parties, +tea-meetings, &c. The Gymnasium caught from the rear of the water-works, +and was soon a heap of ashes. The _Globe_ office in the Globe Building, +Prince William Street, was burning about the same time as the Bank of +New Brunswick, and the proprietors did not save even their fyles. + +The fight with the flames on Reed's Point Wharf, which lasted from three +o'clock in the afternoon until late the next morning, was one of the +most dreadful encounters of the day. A prominent medical man of the +city, who lost the house which he had considered fireproof, was hurrying +away, when he found his services no longer needful, to a place of +safety. All means of exit from the fire were cut off, except one--the +route towards Reed's Point. He hastened in that direction, for he saw in +a moment that soon that avenue would be closed against him. He fled down +Germain Street to St. James's Street, thence along the latter till he +reached the wharf. There he saw an immense crowd of refugees from the +district round about, numbering fully fifteen hundred persons. The men +were very disorderly, and the liquor they had taken was showing its +effect. There was fighting, and quarrelling and swearing. The roughest +element of the city was here. A long row of barrels containing kerosene +oil or petroleum lay upon the wharf, and the sparks from burning +buildings near by came whirling along in dangerous proximity to the +barrels. The danger was growing more and more near. Should these barrels +ignite and explode, a hundred lives at least must perish. No time must +be lost. Water must be carried up to the barrels and the fire kept off. +An attempt was made to roll some of them over the wharf into the +harbour, but they were too heavy, and the fire was leaping in great +strides towards them. The doctor shouted himself hoarse trying to induce +the crowd to help him, but he was answered with either a be-sotted stare +or a vulgar oath. He kept on running to the water, filling his pail, and +dashing it on the barrels till his arms ached. Once he got a response +from some rough men on the wharf, and a bargain was made with three of +them. He offered them all the money he had--three dollars,--if they +would come and help keep the fire away from the deadly oil. But the +assistance was of short duration, and after working for about twenty +minutes the fellows gave up, and would work no more. Still, nothing +daunted, the doctor toiled on. He had all the women put on board the +International Line steamer, through the kindness of Captain Chisholm, +who was busily employed on the other end of the wharf in beating back +the flames which were massing there, and then with a will he continued +his self-imposed labour. None but he seemed to realize their danger. +Maddened by drink and worry, and perhaps driven to desperation by the +havoc the fire was making, they did not appear to take in the deadly +peril in which every one on that wharf stood. The crowd stood about +idling away, smoking, drinking, talking, jeering, and quarrelling. A +lithe young fellow of twenty sat dangling his legs over the wharf and +smoking a cigar, when the doctor called on him to come down and give him +a hand. He returned a careless reply, and in a sneering tone asked how +much he would get if he gave his help. The doctor grew maddened at this, +and turning on him in a moment, cried out, "I am an old man; I have lost +all that I was worth, and have nothing left. I have been watching you +for an hour, doing nothing while I was working; and as you won't come +for asking, I'll make you come down here and carry water if I have to +drag you to the very water's edge." So, saying he pulled the young man +down, grasped him by the neck, ran him to the water, and giving him a +pail set him to work filling it while he carried it to the barrels +himself. The lesson was a salutary one, and the unwilling assistant will +probably never forget it. He had some manhood left in him after all +though, for he worked well and hard, and after a time he apologized to +the doctor and said he was sorry for having spoken as he did. It was +some hours after this episode, that the doctor hailed a passing +tug-boat, and the captain learning what was wanted, ran his little +steamer alongside the wharf and got ready his hose. In a few minutes the +wharf was deluged with water and the great danger was averted. It was +this hose and the well directed efforts of the doctor which saved the +wharf and the lives of many people. It is a matter of regret that the +name of the captain of the tug could not be got as he deserves well of +the country, and should make himself known that he may receive something +more tangible than thanks. Hemmed in by the streets of flame to the +right and left of them and directly in their front, from fifteen hundred +to two thousand persons were imprisoned on the wharf from three o'clock +in the afternoon till four the next morning, when the fire had gone +down, and one of the loveliest mornings of the year dawned on the +stricken city. + +One of the prettiest sights was to be seen from the head of King Street, +looking down in the direction of the market slip. When the schooners +therein had caught, the flames mounted the masts and communicating with +one another formed a complete bridge of fire from the north wharf to the +south. It was like a gala-day celebration of fire-works on a large +scale. + + + LIST OF VESSELS TOTALLY BURNED. + + + SCHOONERS. + + 1. Schooner "Angie Russell"; 25 tons; Boylan; Canning, N.S., was + discharging cargo of fish; owned by Captain. + + 2. Schooner "Brill"; 74 tons; St. John, N.B., had discharged part + of cargo and was going to Fredericton with balance; owned by + McSherry's Insolvent Estate. + + 3. Schooner "Brilliant"; 18 tons; Patch; Campobello; light cargo. + + 4. Schooner "Bear River"; 37 tons; Winchester; Bear River, N.S., + outward bound with cargo; owned by Captain. + + 5. Schooner "Ella P."; 23 tons; Thurber; Barrington, N.S., fish. + + 6. Schooner "Eliza Jane"; 27 tons; Bent; Bayshore, N.S.; salt. + + 7. Schooner "L. L. Wadsworth"; 12 tons; Brown; Westport, N.S.; + owned by Captain; fish. + + 8. Schooner "Lily"; 8 tons; Israel; Weymouth, N.S.; outward bound; + owned by Captain. + + 9. Schooner "Martha Rowan"; 25 tons; Peters; Westport, N.S.; fish. + + 10. Schooner "Parrot"; 27 tons; Hutton; St. George, N.B.; owned by + Captain. + + 11. Schooner "Star"; 13 tons; Benson; Westport; fish. + + + WOOD-BOATS. + + "Burnett," 46 tons, Captain Reed; "Linda," 26 tons; "President," 46 + tons, Captain Orchard; and "Messenger," 33 tons. + + Four lime scows laden with lime, two owned by Mr. Raynes, of + Fairville; two owned by Mr. Joseph Armstrong, of Greenhead. + + + CASUALTIES. + + Schooner "Justice," Westport, hauled out of slip badly burned. + + Schooner "George Calhoun," lying in Walker's slip, mainmast burned, + hauled out without further damage. + +On board the ferry-boat between three and four o'clock in the afternoon, +the appearance of the city burning in four places at once, was a grand +as well as an awful sight. The passengers gathered together and wore +very anxious looks, when it seemed for a time to be the intention of +the captain not to land. The houses and stores of many who were on board +were in danger, and all wanted to be at the fire. From the water it +appeared to be levelling houses to the ground at the rate of one a +minute, and the frightful ratio seemed never to slacken its speed. The +ships lying near the wharves moved out into the harbour, and some sailed +far down the bay. The path of the ferry-boat was crossed more than once +by vessels which had succeeded in getting away in safety, and collisions +now and then were threatened; but fortunately none occurred. At length, +to the relief of all on board, the boat succeeded in getting safely to +her landing-place, and a grand rush was made up the floats for the head +of Princess Street. + +Perhaps one of the best and first specimens of enterprise which occurred +on the night of the fire was that which was displayed by the chief +officers of the Western Union Telegraph Company. The office was burned +down, and only the books and some of the instruments were saved. The +Fairville wire would not work, and no means of sending abroad +intelligence of the ruin of the doomed city remained. It was fully +eleven o'clock when R. T. Clinch, Esq., the superintendent of the +company, Mr. Thos. Robinson, the manager, Mr. Dawson, Mr. Black and +other gentlemen connected with the company, met the writer of these +pages on Germain Street. The fire was still raging, though not at all +fiercely in the lower part of the city. The party went down to the +railway station, and we give an illustration of the building so that +the reader may see the temporary Western Union Telegraph Office during +the first few days of the fire, and after a little while a wire was put +in working order. The first and only dispatch which left the city that +night, and which on Thursday morning was read all over Canada, and in +the United States, was sent forward, and each page was telegraphed as +rapidly as it was written. In the morning the office was ready to +receive and deliver messages, and those who stood by the counter, and +every day watched the enormous crowd of people all anxious to be served +first, can realize how hard the operators had to work in order to meet +the requirements of the citizens. At one time there were between five +and six hundred messages on the operator's table, and the sender might +consider himself fortunate if his telegram got off three hours after it +was written. Some miscreants in some instances cut the wires a few days +after the fire, and the company had to send out twenty-five or thirty +patrol men to look after them. Mr. Clinch lost no time in getting +suitable quarters for the patrons of the company, and in a week he had a +comfortable office, working finely, in the Market House. He began work +at once on the new building which the company intend putting up, and in +six months the new telegraph office will be ready for occupancy on its +old site at the foot of King Street. + +[Illustration: THE TEMPORARY W. U. TEL. OFFICE.] + + + + +CHAPTER XII. + + A Thrilling Incident--The Burning House--The Tall Figure in the + Hall--Escape cut off--The only Way Out--The Street of Fire-- + Walking on Coals--The Open Boat--The way to the Wharf--Terrible + Suffering--The Awful Death in the Street--Worn Out--The Escape + --Saved--The Firemen--How they Fought the Flames. + + +In olden times men who had performed deeds of bravery on the +battle-field were canonized as saints, and those who had shown daring in +other ways were revered as gods. There is a fascination about the +stories which come down to us through the long centuries of time, and +from the middle ages, and we are accustomed, almost from the cradle, to +revere the names of the great ones who have filled the world with the +splendour of their exploits in the defence of cities and the protection +of fair ladies. In the nursery we learn to lisp the names of stalwart +knights and doughty warriors, and the great deeds which they performed, +ages and ages ago, live again in the memory of all mankind. And it is +well that it should be so. It is well that the splendid actions of the +world's great men should be remembered for all time. Who is there who +does not feel the blood mantling his cheek when he thinks of a Clive and +of a Marlborough? Who can think of a Napier and a Wellington, and not +experience for a time a thousand emotions coursing and careering madly +through his breast? And Robert Bruce on his little palfrey giving battle +to the last of one of England's proudest and sternest knights, in full +view of Stirling Castle, the day before the great battle was fought, is +a story which every Scottish lad is taught before he is old enough to +read. And the lives of such men as Bonaparte, Turenne, Wolfe, the Great +Frederic, Von Moltke, and a hundred others, are undying records in the +histories of nations, the memory of whose deeds shall last when time +shall be no more. + +In a young country like ours, whose territory has not often felt the +hostile tread of invading armies, and whose broad acres are almost +wholly unstained with the blood of battles, the heroes we have developed +have earned their reputation in another and nobler way. Halifax has had +her England, whose name will be remembered as long as ships sail the +seas; and in St. John, we have long learned to bless the name of a hero +in humble life, honest Tom Sloven. And now from the ashes of the fire +two names arise, which in after years, when their owners shall have +passed away, will live in the hearts of the people, and leave there an +imperishable record. We applaud success, and oftentimes let honest +effort and endeavour go unrewarded. We worship the rising sun, and when +a man works hard to achieve a certain success and fails, we are apt to +pass him by. And though the object, in the instance which we are about +to relate, was not successful in the end, let us never forget the deed +which was attempted at the imminent risk of the lives of the chief +actors. When the story of the fire is told at firesides in the years to +come, generations now unborn will listen with blanched cheeks and +curdling blood, to the great incident in the conflagration, when a +woman perished by the roadside, and two men escaped a dreadful death. + +Mr. John E. Turnbull's sash factory, in Main Street, despite all +exertions, caught so quickly that the workmen narrowly escaped from the +ruins with their lives. Mr. Turnbull crossed the street to his +residence, which, like many others on that eventful day, he considered +impregnable. He had worked long at the factory, and had stored in his +house a large quantity of belting and tools of his workshop. He had +carefully gathered up everything of an inflammable character, and had +swept the yard clean, so that nothing could ignite and spread around the +fire, that but too readily devoured everything in its way. A vigorous +defence was inaugurated to save the house. Mr. Turnbull had good +assistants. His sons were there, working like beavers, and Mr. Walker +Frink in his department, stayed the flames for a long time. The +neighbours, believing like Mr. Turnbull, that nothing could harm this +house, had piled large quantities of furniture against its front, these +were lying before the windows of the cellar, and after a while took +fire. Mrs. Turnbull fearing that the house might after all be burned, +and at the request of her husband, made her escape by the back window, +and had to be lifted over the fence. It was well that she did go, for in +a few moments the house was threatened from a dozen quarters. The fence +in the rear was crackling, and Mr. Turnbull went down into the cellar +and began to shove off the blazing furniture from the windows. He worked +away at this for some time, never dreaming that the fire was so near +him, or that escape would soon be cut off. He had lost his hearing some +years before, and did not hear the roar of the fire nor feel its +approach. His son James was up-stairs battling with the fire, and Mr. +Frink was on the roof. James Turnbull, realizing in an instant the +condition of his father and his infirmity, and knowing well the +determined character of his nature, was about to rush into the cellar +and tell him how near the fire was, when he turned and beheld a dark +shadow in the doorway. It was coming towards him, and for a moment +struck terror into his soul. The tall figure of a woman, deeply robed in +black, holding up a long train in her hand, and with head-dress all +aflame, stood before him in the hall. He advanced towards her, as soon +as he could recover himself, and at once tore off the burning head-dress +and stamped it with his foot. He then brushed the kindling sparks from +her dress. She seemed demented and unable to understand the nature of +these proceedings. Indeed she remonstrated with him, and begged him not +to destroy her bonnet. _The fire had crazed her brain_, and after +escaping from her house she had wandered into Mr. Turnbull's blazing +residence, unheedful of the terrible burns she had received, and +notwithstanding that she was on fire herself in several places. James, +realizing the state of affairs at once, coaxed her to go with him to the +cellar to see his father, but she hung back and implored him to leave +her there. He was forced to drag her unwillingly along, and together +they both arrived at the place where the father was still labouring to +extinguish the fire that was coming from all sides. He knew nothing of +the great headway that had been made upstairs, and had not even begun to +realize the danger of his situation below. As soon as he saw the lady he +told his son to go and fetch a mat and throw it over her, and he would +be with them in a few minutes. This was done, but as often as this mat +was wrapped around her, it was thrown off again. Some moments passed, +and Mr. Turnbull finding that he could do no more, resolved to leave the +house. He and his son and the lady went upstairs where a sight that +would have appalled a heart of stone met his eyes. All hope of escape +through the alley in the rear was cut off. The house was on fire in the +back. The flames were melting the roof in a dozen places. On either side +the blaze was at its height, and not a moment was to be lost. Escape lay +in one direction only, and that was hazardous in the extreme. _They must +face the fire and escape by the front door_, or perish where they stood. +The position they were in was trying, but fortunately for them their +nerves were strong, and they were cool and collected. And now they began +preparing for the struggle. The warrior formerly buckled on his armour +of steel before venturing on the fray, but the armour of the +fire-fighters consisted of old coats and wet clothes. A coat was +fastened around the lady, who was still unknown to Mr. Turnbull, and her +head was covered. His son James enveloped in the same way, stood by her +side. Mr. Turnbull tied a wet handkerchief across his mouth, and after +putting a coat over his head, they began the memorable race for life. +James seized the lady, lifted her on his shoulders and followed his +father out of the door. She was heavy, very tall, and had passed in age +the allotted three score and ten. In addition to this, she was unwilling +to leave the house, and twice she had to be dragged away by main force +from the sofa. In no instance did she seem to comprehend what was being +done or how great her peril was. She was more concerned about her +parasol and head-dress than she appeared to be about her own personal +safety. James seemed endowed with superior strength, and he seized his +burden with a sort of death grip from which despite her struggles, she +could not escape. She afterwards became calmer, and while she made no +attempt to get off his back, he had her full dead weight to carry. The +three stepped into the street and walked into the furnace. The heat was +intense, and holding down their heads they hurried along. They ran over +blazing coals, and hands and feet burned to the very bone. They had not +proceeded twenty-five yards from the house, which was situate near the +corner of Main and Sydney Streets when they came upon a boat, thirty +feet long, which was lying directly across their path on its side. They +could not pass by the inside and had to go around by the bow. They were +hastening along to Charlotte Street, and intended going down that street +to the Ballast Wharf, and when the worst came the intention was to leap +into the sea. But the lady grew very violent just as the boat was passed +a few feet, and refused to go any further. She straightened herself up, +and slipping from James's shoulders, fell prone upon the ground. In +vain she was reasoned with, in vain she was asked to make an effort, in +vain she was appealed to, she would not move, but lay on her back +helplessly, saying, "O leave me alone, leave me here, I'm very, very +comfortable." The great fire, like a whirlwind, brushed against the +exposed flesh of the three human beings, and wore it to the bone. It was +like some invisible fiend. Before them they saw no flames, but a dead +white heat that was all the more terrible because it could not be seen. +Every time the covering was removed from their heads as they sought to +look out and see where they were going, this intense, imperceptible heat +burned their very eyeballs. The trees alongside were grasped by this +unseen power, and their trunks were twisted and turned in its cobra-like +embrace. Every thing in the road seemed charged with an element that +appeared to draw the flames on. Though Main Street is one hundred and +five feet wide, and the fire was for the most part confined to the +houses on the side of the road, a cat could not run the gauntlet that +night, and live. No one can realize the awful power of the heat, which +the Messrs. Turnbull and the lady they were striving to save experienced +on that thrilling march through the melting valley, without having +passed through a similar experience. It was a trial that can never be +blotted from their memories. + +So much time was lost in trying to induce their charge to continue on +with them, that their chance of escape by Charlotte Street was cut off, +and the only hope that remained now, was to return by the terrible +route they had come. The battle had to be fought over again. The race +back had to be run once more. The boat must be crossed again, they must +go nearly two blocks forward, or die in their tracks. The street was +full of smoke now, and flying embers alighted on their shoulders and +burned their clothes, and the wild heat and the scorching flames were +madly tearing through to their faces. Their charge remained as helpless +as before, and there was something pitiable in her beseeching cries, +that almost tempted them to accede to her request and leave her there in +the street. But not a moment must now be lost, the fire-king was +trampling down all before him. The two men seized her. She struggled and +would not move. They dragged her to the boat, and she fell from their +now powerless arms. Weakened by the fire, and sick at heart at their ill +success, they could do no more, and could scarcely resist themselves the +desire to stay there by the upturned boat, and yield their lives back to +Him who gave them. The old lady fell back, and died with a smile upon +her lips. The men, too weak to carry her further, placed her close by +the boat, and shouted loudly for help. But the streets were bare of +people, and no sound could be heard but their own voices rising above +the crackling of the flames. They ran over the lava-like street, +stopping every now and then to catch breath. On, on they sped, the +youthful spirit of the one being roused when it lagged, by the inspiring +words of the wiry and vigorous elder. It was a terrible journey, fraught +by direful dangers on every side. Each foot of the way was gained by a +struggle, every yard was won by a battle. It was not until Carmarthen +Street was reached, that father and son could realize that they were +saved. They removed the covering from their heads, and looked back at +the road they had passed. A moment more in that fire would have been +their last. A figure was coming towards them, as they, arm in arm, +almost reeled up Carmarthen Street, and it proved to be the brother of +the woman Mr. Turnbull and his boy had tried to rescue. He was told that +his sister was left by the boat dead, and that no earthly power could +have saved her. One can imagine his agony when he learned these tidings. +The old lady proved to be Mrs. Reed, mother of Mr. T. M. Reed, a former +mayor of the city. At three o'clock the next morning, Mr. Turnbull went +back to Main Street, and on coming up to the unburned portion of the +boat, found close by it, the remains of Mrs. Reed. Mrs. Reed lost in the +fire two sisters--the Misses Clark, one of whom, it is thought, was +burned in her house, on the corner of Sydney and Main Streets. These +three ladies were highly respected and loved by all who knew them, and +their afflicted relatives meet with the sympathy of all. + +Mr. Turnbull's loss is very heavy and foots up fully twenty-five +thousand dollars. He lost absolutely everything he possessed, and the +deeds and bank-notes which he had in his safe were all burned. He does +not despair now of being able to retrieve himself in some way. He was +the first man to erect a wooden shanty and send a flag flying from its +summit. + +A large number of persons escaped from the resistless and giant-striding +flames by means of rafts and small boats. Others got a friendly sail to +Partridge Island in the tugs and steamers which approached the wharves +whenever it was safe to do so. Many of those who were on Reed's Point +Wharf and the Ballast Wharf got away in this manner. + +The contingent of firemen from Portland worked with a will, and did much +to check the flames--as much, indeed, as mortal man could do in a fire +like this, with a high wind blowing a perfect gale all the time. The +city firemen performed, with their brethren of the adjacent town, signal +service. They drew lines round the burning buildings and tried again and +again to confine the fire to one place, and prevent its spread. But the +effort was futile. The flames broke down the lines, rose up in a hundred +new places, and drove the firemen and their engines away from the spot. +Some splendid work was performed in the vicinity of King Street East, +and down towards Pitt. Here they were partly successful, and did all +that could be done under the circumstances. Many of them are heavy +losers, having lost everything they had in their own houses, while they +were engaged in trying to save those of others. In a fire which never +ceased to rage at its height until it came to the water's brink, and +which poured an unceasing stream of flame for nine steady hours, and +which burned in fifteen sections of the city at once, it was a +difficult matter for them with only four engines, to do anything like +stopping the conflagration until it had spent itself, no matter how +efficient and perfect the organization might be. No one expected the +firemen to accomplish anything. There was something in the air which +seemed to breed a sort of contagion, and the fire paralyzed buildings in +a moment, and no one could tell how they caught. The fire struck men +down where they were standing, and an invisible heat bore to the earth +the trees on the sideways. + + + + +CHAPTER XIII. + + A Chapter of Incidents--Agony on Board--Coming Up the Harbour + --The Story of the Moths--The Newly Married Lady's Story--No + Flour--Moving Out--Saving the Drugs--The Man with the + Corn-Plasters--Incendiarism--Scenes--Thievery--The Newspapers + --Enterprise--Blowing Down the Walls--An Act of Bravery--The + Fatal Blast--Danger and Death in the Walls--Accidents--The Fire + and the Churches--The Ministers. + + +As the "Empress" was steaming up the harbour, from Digby, on the night +of the fire, the passengers on board, many of whom belonged to St. John, +beheld the city in flames. Some of them even saw from the water their +own residences on fire, and witnessed the alarming rapidity of the +flames and the almost powerless efforts of the people to stay their +ravages. One can imagine the feelings of those passengers who had left +children at home, and who now began to experience the greatest anguish +and suffering. What made the matter worse was, that some time had to +elapse before the captain could venture to approach his wharf, and this +added largely to the bitterness of the fathers and mothers on board. A +mother who had left a little one in the city, while absent on a journey +to Nova Scotia, told the writer that the agony she endured while making +the approach to the city completely deadened and prostrated her. She +grew perfectly helpless, and for a time nothing could rouse her from the +seeming state of insensibility under which she sank. Those were +terrible moments of suffering--awful moments of uncertainty. + +Among the curious incidents of the fire which are constantly coming to +the surface, is the rather good story which is told of one of our +neatest housekeepers. Her house is noted for its spotlessness, and some +who profess to know, say that such a thing as a spider's web could not +be seen about the premises, even in the cellar or wood-shed. The lady +has a natural abhorrence of those pests, the moths which _will_ get into +our furs sometimes and defy all the camphor and snuff in existence to +keep them out. One day, about six months ago, some handsome newly +upholstered chairs were purchased, and duly placed in the parlour. In a +week a moth was found in one of the new chairs, and there was much +consternation thereat. The rest of the furniture was examined carefully, +and the offending chair was sent to the upholsterer for his examination. +The result proved to the lady's satisfaction that she was right, and +that the flock which had been put into the chair with the hair had +caused all the mischief. The whole set was sent back to the +furniture-man, and he was ordered to take the flock out. He returned +them after a time, but in less than a week the persevering house-keeper +succeeded in finding moths in every one of the chairs. She sent them to +another upholsterer this time, and was awaiting their return when the +fire occurred, and they were burned up, moths and all, while her own +house was untouched. + +A newly-married lady fearing the fire would reach her dwelling, +succeeded in hiring a team, and putting into it her best furniture, +bedding, husband's clothes, and all her silver, sent them up to her +mother's house at about four o'clock in the afternoon. At six o'clock +her mother's residence was burned down, and with it all that was in it, +while her own house was about half a mile from the vicinity of the fire. +The lady was quite annoyed when the folks came in for a night's lodging +that night, shortly after tea was over. + +Considerable consternation prevailed among the people when it was known +that nearly all the flour in town had been burned. The estimated loss +was considered to be about fifty or sixty thousand barrels. One man is +said to have hurried out and paid $18 for a barrel, while there were +several persons who paid twenty cents a loaf for bread. + +A good many people who feared the fire was coming their way moved out, +and put their furniture, etc., in the street, and watched it till after +midnight, when the expected flames not arriving, they marched the +effects back again. The goods were almost as much damaged as if they had +remained in the fire. Large quantities of material were lost in this +way, and a lady saved an old pewter-box which once contained her +husband's sleeve-buttons and studs, while she wrapped the latter up in a +bag and never saw them again. + +Quite a number of cases of petty thieving occurred. A drug store, +shortly before the fire came to it, was filled with a gang of roughs and +pickpockets, who insisted on helping the proprietor to save a few +things. They were saving them with a vengeance; opening every box and +package that came in their way, and taking a dip out of each. One young +man, whose face bore the picture of health, had managed to save, when +detected, enough Blood Mixture to cure the scrofula in his family for +the next fifteen years. Boys, who should have stolen soap, were going in +for that excellent capillary restorer, Mrs. Allen's Zylobalsamum, and a +man, hobbling along with a wooden leg, was filling his pockets with +bunion and corn plasters. The boxes had a neat look, and he thought he +would see the next day what the contents were good for. Everyone wanted +to help, and one could not but admire the zeal with which these gentry +emptied drawers and boxes on the floor, and scrambled for the contents. +One young gentleman in his anxiety to save a mirror-stand, which +certainly could never be of any use to him, cut it in two and hastened +away, leaving a drawer full of toothpicks, and a bottle of rat poison +behind him, which he might have had just as well as not. A citizen, who +said he felt dry after working so hard all day, regaled himself with a +pint bottle of Ipecacuanha wine, and left immediately after it was down, +to see how the fire was getting along in another place. One can never +forget these little acts of kindness. It is the performance of deeds +like these which exalts a nation, and makes us feel that the world is +not altogether a fleeting show or a snare. + +The cry of incendiarism was raised during the first days of the fire, +and a good deal of alarm prevailed. Special constables patrolled the +city, volunteer soldiers were placed on guard, and the policemen were +ordered to be vigilant. Several arrests were made; but the greater +portion of these were unnecessary, and, in nearly all cases, the persons +arrested turned out to be noisy, drunken men, whose actions were +misinterpreted by the officers. Some cases of incendiarism did really +occur, however, and it was just as well that the city should be guarded, +and the rougher element closely looked after. There is no doubt but that +the fire at half-past two in the morning, in J. and T. Robinson's brick +building, York Point Slip, was caused by the torch of the incendiary; +and on Monday afternoon, a man was actually caught in the act of setting +fire to Mrs. David Tapley's house in Indian-town. A good deal of talk +about lynching was indulged in, but no one was lynched, though rumours +came thick and fast, that one man had been shot, another hanged, and any +number of people, according to the fertility of the narrator's +imagination, were thrown into the sea. Drunkenness was rampant, and all +saw how necessary it was that this evil should be stopped short. The +licenses to the sellers could not be taken away, and it was optional +with them whether they would listen to the appeals of the citizens or +not. A committee, at a meeting of the people was appointed to ask the +bar-tenders to close their bars for one week. To the credit of these +gentlemen, be it said, they acceded to the request at once, and the +bars were closed. This had a salutary effect on the morals of the +community. + +For days after the fire, stolen goods were being constantly recovered by +the police and special constables. Large quantities were found concealed +in houses situate a little distance away from the city, while even in +the city limits, the officers met with a good deal of success in tracing +articles that had been surreptitiously carried off. Some outward-bound +schooners arrived at their places of destination along the New Brunswick +and Nova Scotia coasts, laden with spoils from the fire, but in most +cases these were got back. + +H. M. S. Argus arrived from Halifax with the Marine Artillery and some +soldiers. A number of the sailors did patrol duty in Carleton, and the +artillery spent several days blowing down the walls of the buildings, +and doing other work entrusted to their care. A number of soldiers of +the 97th Regiment also arrived from Halifax, and these together with a +company of the 62nd Battalion of volunteers, and some men of the +volunteer artillery under command of Lieutenant-Colonel Foster, the +senior Lieutenant-Colonel of the Dominion, performed guard and other +duty until the 6th of July, when the volunteers were disbanded, and the +regulars were continued for a time. The men behaved excellently and did +good service. They were all encamped in King's Square. + +[Illustration: KING SQUARE AFTER THE FIRE, ENCAMPMENT OF THE 97TH +REGIMENT.] + +The U.S. Revenue Cutter "Gallatin" made two trips from Boston laden with +supplies from the generous people there, for the relief of the sufferers +by the fire. + +With commendable enterprise, many of the merchants who were burned out, +and could not secure premises in which to carry on their business, by +permission of the authorities, erected shanties on King and Market +Squares, which they promise to pull down before the first of May, 1878. +The city now looks quite primitive. Turn where you will, shanties of +various sizes and styles meet the eye. + +Some very good work was done at the ferry floats by the employes of the +boat. Through their exertions the fire was kept away for a considerable +time from the handsome new Magee Block, which stood on the corner of +Water and Princess Streets. This building will be put up again at once. + +The newspaper men were heavy losers, but nothing daunted, they went to +work at once and lost no time. The _Telegraph_, through the courtesy of +Mr. George W. Day, printer, was out on the very morning after the fire, +with a smaller, but very spicy and interesting little sheet. The +_Telegraph_ proprietor and editor, Mr. Elder, did not save even his +fyles. The _Globe_ also did not lose an issue, and on Thursday evening +it was as bright and attractive as usual, and contained an excellent +account of the fire. The _Daily News_ lost its issue on Thursday, but on +Sunday, the proprietors, Messrs. Willis & Mott, issued a very +interesting paper, and so made up for what it lost on Thursday. The +resume of the work of spoliation in this number of the _News_ was very +graphic. The _Freeman_[R] did not issue a paper. The three principal +papers immediately set to work buying type, paper, and presses, and in a +fortnight after the fire, the _News_ was issued full size from a new +press on the site of its old office. The _Globe_ and _Telegraph_ +followed with new presses, &c., a day or two after. The _News_ and +_Globe_ were issued after the fire for a few days from the _Weekly +Herald_ office, Germain Street. + +At the blowing down of the walls of the Post Office, an act of valour +was performed by some men belonging to the volunteer Battery of +Artillery, which deserves prominent mention. Major Cunard, Captain A. J. +Armstrong, and Lieutenants Inch and Ewing, together with a detachment of +the Brigade of New Brunswick Artillery, under the command of +Lieutenant-Colonel S. K. Foster, marched to Prince William Street, and +proceeded to blow down the walls of the Post Office. Sentries were +posted all round a circle of nearly two hundred yards, and everything +being in readiness the work was begun. Two bags of powder were placed +against the building with the length of spouting which would contain the +port fire fuse that was to connect with the powder. Two charges went off +and the effect on the walls was slight. The men thought of the +expediency of placing a charge against the inside as well as one on the +outside of the building. The trains were laid and the fuses lit, but +some loose powder igniting in a moment with the train, it exploded with +a deafening crash before the men could get away, and half of the wall +facing Prince William Street, came down as if a thunder-bolt had struck +it. Gunner John Nixon, of No. 2 Battery, was covered with the debris, +but escaped uninjured, save a few scratches on the arm and a cut or two. +Gunner Walter Lamb, of No. 10 Battery, was stricken down and every one +deemed him dead, the smoke and debris completely hiding him. The second +70lb blast was still burning and was momentarily expected to go off, +when Lamb's hand was observed to rise over his head and touch his cap. +In a moment five men, unmindful of the terrible fate which threatened +them, rushed in and bravely dragged from the mass of ruins, their fallen +comrade. He was borne away just as the second charge went off with a +roar, carrying away at a bound the remainder of the wall. Stones and +bricks flew in every direction and John Anderson, who was standing in +Germain Street, but whose presence there was unknown, fell badly +wounded. He was conveyed to the hospital and died in a few days. The +names of the five artillery men who behaved so bravely are, Lieutenant +Inch, No. 10; Lieutenant Wm. King, No. 10; Corporal J. R. Andrews, No. +3; Corporal Anderson, No. 1; and Gunner R. McJunkin, No. 10. Captain +Ring, of Carleton Battery, was standing within three paces of Gunner +Lamb when he fell. His escape was certainly miraculous. + +The pulling down of the walls has been attended by a good many +accidents, some of them terminating seriously. A week after the fire +some men were engaged in taking down the walls of the building in Dock +Street, belonging to the Johnston estate. Two men were cleaning out the +foundation at the same time. The wall trembled in the breeze, and the +men looking up fled for their lives. One of them, James Wilkins +escaped, but Thomas Sullivan was caught by the pile of bricks and his +head was badly cut and his limbs bruised. A day or so after this +accident, another one occurred which ended fatally. Some workmen were +removing the rubbish from a building, when a wall that enclosed a vault +of some seven or eight feet in height fell, and George Gallagher was +buried in the ruins. He was taken to the Hospital (Dr. E. B. C. +Hanington, resident physician), and it was found that his spine was +broken, his thigh fractured, and he had sustained serious injuries +internally. He died in a few hours. + +The Sunday after the fire, the ministers referred in their sermons to +the very general conflagration, and its lessons. At St. Paul's Church, +in the morning, Rev. Mr. De Veber preached. In the afternoon, the Rev. +Mr. Mather, and in the evening, Rev. Mr. Brigstocke, of Trinity, +officiated. Rev. Mr. Windeyer preached both morning and evening in his +church, the Reformed Episcopal. Rev. S. P. Fay, a Bangor clergyman, +preached in the Union Street Congregational Church, morning and evening. +Rev. James Bennet preached in St. John's Presbyterian in the morning, +and Rev. A. McL. Stavely in the afternoon. Rev. Dr. D. Maclise, in the +morning preached in Calvin Church; and in the evening, Rev. Mr. +Mitchell, of St. Andrew's Kirk, preached. The Exmouth Street Church held +three services, Rev. Mr. Duke in the morning, Rev. Howard Sprague in the +afternoon, and in the evening Revs. Messrs. Hartt and Sprague addressed +the congregation. Rev. Mr. Fowler preached in Carleton Presbyterian +Church in the morning, and there was no service in the evening. The +Baptist pulpit was occupied by Rev. Mr. Hickson, the pastor, both +morning and evening. Rev. Theodore Dowling preached in St. George's +Church. At the Free Christian Church, Rev. George Hartley preached in +the afternoon. At the Portland Baptist Church, Rev. Mr. McLellan, the +pastor, preached morning and evening. The Portland Methodist Church had +Rev. Mr. Barrett in the morning, and Rev. Mr. Teed in the evening. St. +Luke's, Portland, had sermons from Rev. Mr. Almon, the rector. Brussels +Street Church had Rev. Mr. Alexander. At the Roman Catholic Cathedral, +at nine o'clock mass, Bishop Sweeny addressed the congregation, and at +eleven, Bishop Power, of Newfoundland, preached. Rev. Mr. Wills +delivered a sermon at the Unitarian Hall; and in the St. Stephen +Presbyterian Church, Rev. D. Macrae preached in the morning, and the +Rev. Mr. Donald, of Port Hope, in the evening.[S] + +Thirty-nine orphans were kindly taken care of by Mr. R. B. Graham, the +visiting agent of the Baldwin Place Home for Little Wanderers, who +carried them to Boston, Massachusetts. + +Some months ago a clever poem in several books, entitled "On the Hills," +from the pen of a Nova Scotia lady of excellent reputation as a writer, +Mrs. Morton, _nee_ Irene S. Elder, was placed in the hands of Wm. Elder, +Esq., of the St. John's _Daily Telegraph_, to read. On the day of the +fire, he put this manuscript in his safe, for protection. When the safe +was opened, the manuscript was found quite legible. The scene of the +poem is laid in our sister province, and it is said to contain some +genuine touches of true poetry. + +_Apropos_ of manuscripts, it may be said that Prof. Wm. Lyall, of +Halifax, lost a very valuable treatise "On the Emotions," which was +burned in Mr. Stewart's safe, King street. Mr. W. P. Dole lost all his +sonnets, and his late paper "On Definitions," upon which he had expended +a good deal of time. + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[R] The _Freeman_ will be issued shortly as a daily. + +[S] Rev. Geo. M. Armstrong preached in Stone Church, (built +1824) and on the Sabbath following the Bishop of Fredericton preached in +the same church. + + + + +CHAPTER XIV. + + "I went againe to the ruines, for it was no longer a Citty"--the + Drive by Moonlight--Through the Ruins--After the Fire--A City of + Ashes--The Buried Silver--The Sentinel Chimneys--The Home of + Luxuriance--A Recollection--The Moon and the Church--Back Again. + + +Shelley's white-orbed maiden sits in the sky, and already her pale torch +is silvering the peaks of the ruins. Let us take a carriage, and drive +round the desolate city, slowly and softly, and view the giant wreck +which the fire has made. There is no better time than the present. The +moon is up, and quietness reigns. It is as light as day. We will drive +first to the barrack-ground, and look up the long hills. Three days have +passed, and the first excitement is now over. A thousand weary pilgrims +have made the journey to this desert of desolation a hundred times since +the fire, and vainly dug on the site where their homes once were, for +relics, or perhaps something more. Why, look there! it is past midnight, +and those three men you see working by that blackened wall, seem so +wrapped up in their occupation, that they scarcely speak to one another, +or note the presence of any one but themselves. See, they are carrying +away the still hot bricks, and throwing into the street bits of iron and +charred wood. Look, watch them for a moment--witness how they-- + + "Dig, dig, dig, amid earth, and mortar, and stone, + And dig, dig, dig, among ruins overthrown; + Spade, and basket, and pick, the toiling Arabs ply." + +How monotonous the work appears, and how strangely weird everything +looks. To speak now, and hail these men, would break the charm--would +interrupt the gaunt and gloomy silence of the place. But the presence of +these excavators, at such an hour as this, arouses our curiosity. We +know that the standard authorities tell us, that no matter how deeply +men may dig for the pirate's buried treasure, if any one speaks during +the performance of the work, the spell becomes broken, the enchantment +passes away, and the iron box of doubloons vanishes. We have no means of +disputing this, and wouldn't if we could. We have no desire to attempt +to prove the contrary, but rather incline to the belief that the +authorities are right, for we have it on the word of a gentleman who +once owned a mineral rod, and whose word is undoubted, that a certain +Miss Pitts, who was engaged all her life in digging about the gardens of +her neighbours, and who never found anything up to the day of her death, +confessed to him during her last illness, that her tongue had spoiled +all. Had she but kept quiet when her spade struck the iron-box, all +would have been well. But her joy was so great at the sight of the +treasure, that she couldn't contain herself longer, and giving utterance +to her feelings she spoke, and the box of course, immediately sank. The +truth of this narrative can be established by excellent witnesses, and +Miss Pitts, whatever her other faults might be, had always a splendid +reputation for veracity. She made and sold mineral rods too, and, in +explaining their miraculous properties, gave out the advice that, by a +judicious and constant use of her peculiar make of mineral rod, the +whole world might speedily become rich, and at very trifling cost, thus +exhibiting a vein of disinterestedness, as generous as it was rare. We +say then, in the face of all this, and at the risk of destroying what +happiness yet remained in the minds of the men who were thus toiling +through the ghostly hour of twelve, we drew rein and hailed them. We +couldn't help it. Our curiosity got the better of us, and we asked them +what they were digging for. They were hunting for treasures, truly, not +the pirate's though, but their own. During the fire, and unable to hire +a team at any price, they had dug a deep hole in the cellar of the house +and buried there, what jewelry and silver-ware they could scrape +together. They were now hunting for it, and eventually they found it, in +not even a discoloured state. + +But let us go on. A very pleasant wind is fanning our foreheads, and +there is a charm about this drive which we never experienced before. A +grim charm truly, but nevertheless, a charm after all. Are we not going +to see the ruins. The ruins which came to us in a night--the heritage of +the fire. We have a Dunga and a Dugga, and a Carthage of our own. In a +few brief hours we had a desolation here, which, in other lands it took +great centuries to create. We have crumbling ruins, and shapeless masses +of stone in the very heart of a community which boasted, but a short +time before, of a civilization and an enterprise unsurpassed the world +over. Let the eye wander as we pass along the deserted streets, and take +in the full view as it appears. What a fascination there is about this +district of sorrow. Why is it we pause, and wonder if Troy ever looked +like this; or the ruins of Sodom stood out against the sky like that +house there, this edifice here or that once noble structure beyond. All, +all is desolation, all blackness, despair, decay and misery. Look at +those ponderous walls, which defied the flames to the last. See they are +still standing, broken it is true, but standing proudly and defiantly +for all that. See, the moon is throwing her light upon that church +yonder. See how she dances, now high, now low, look, she disappears +behind the tall wall, and all we see for a moment is a dark shadow. Now +there she is again. Here comes the glittering Cynthia with her robes of +white. She is coming along up, up, up by that angle there. Now she is +soaring along the sky. Now she seems to stand right over our heads. How +light it is. How bright and beautiful the moon is to-night. How playful +the mad thing is, how merrily and joyously she disports herself in the +heavens, and yet how kindly she turns her sympathetic face on the vale +below. She sails along, casting lingering and tearful glances on the +havoc-stricken land. + +We will drive over to that eminence there and look at the squares of +ruins, and notice the fragments of columns which remain. Turn your head +round, and look at those sentinel chimneys standing so erect, and so +regularly in line. Ah, that is where the old barrack stood, and those +chimneys, no doubt, heard many a well-told tale of the bivouac and the +battle-field. Could they but speak to-night, what reminiscence would +they relate of Lucknow and Cawnpore, of the Heights of Alma, and bloody +plain of Inkerman. What stories would they tell you of the gallant +fellows who on bleak winter nights gathered round their base, and +chatted and talked of battles fought and won, and the great deeds of +bravery they had seen. These high chimneys have many bits of history +locked within them which the world shall never know. They stood there +when the city was almost as bare of houses as it is now. They have seen +the busy workman, and heard the sound of his axe and saw; they have seen +the city grow more and more strong and beautiful; they have watched its +growth from a mere hamlet to a metropolis; they have witnessed the +erection of noble structures on sites where trees and bushes flourished +before; they have seen St. John on the morning of the 20th June +prosperous, enterprising, and full of energy and life; and they have +seen her again before the sun went down, stricken to the earth, with her +buildings in ruins, and the work of almost a hundred years in ashes. The +old sentries keep guard to-night, blackened and bared. + +Turn the horse a little this way. Now look up the street. Do you see +that pile of bricks and mortar and those heavy stones lying near? That +_debris_ is all that is left of a house where in my youth, I spent many +happy hours. I must take you into my confidence and tell you that the +owner of that house is to-day a poor man. The day before the fire he was +comparatively comfortable, rich I should call it, but the way wealth is +computed now-a-days, I will content myself with saying that he was +comfortably off. He had his carriage and horses--such splendid drivers, +and how well he kept them--he had a library, and such books, and he knew +what was in them too. History, belles-lettres, biography, science, all +departments were here. You could read if you chose on an idle afternoon, +in that alcove off the library, over there, a few feet from those +bricks, anything your fancy dictated. I used to love to sit there and +pull down his books--not to read them always, but merely to skim the +cream off a dozen or so of them of an afternoon. He had some charming +old books which he always kept in the extreme corner of his case. I +remember with what awe I used to approach this section, and take down +from the shelf his luxuriant copy of Milton, printed early in the +eighteenth century, and illustrated with a grand old portrait of the +blind bard. I read Pope's Homer here for the first time, and actually +waded through the Chesterfield Letters. I used to sit over towards the +left of where we are now, just close to that old stove-pipe which you +can just see peeping through the bricks. I may live many years, or I may +pass away to-night, but I shall never forget that dear old house, and +the many happy, happy hours I spent there. Come away. Something seems to +choke me, and one wants all his strength these days. Continue along in +this direction. We shall see all that is left of many beautiful houses +from here. There's the Wiggins' Orphan Asylum. The tower and the walls +are there. What exquisite ruins they are. Let us look at them awhile. +One can almost fancy he has seen somewhere a picture of the remains of +an edifice that looked like this. I can almost hear the guide tapping +his cane on the walls, and telling me to note how excellently preserved +the building is, and how admirably the builders put it up. See how solid +and strong it is, and hardly a discoloration marks its handsome front. +That dingy and dismal-looking old wooden building near at hand is the +Marine Hospital--that was saved all right. + +Did you notice the jagged, fringe-like edges of that building which we +passed just now, in that bend near the road? How intense the heat must +have been there to wear it down like that. And did you observe that +wooden door lying in the vestibule scarcely touched by the flames, while +everything around it was burned to a crisp? What odd freaks the fire +takes sometimes. Drive a little faster keep well to the left. The +streets are full of stones and broken brick yet. We are now coming past +Queen Square, and let us look in a moment on Mecklenburg Street. What a +beautiful sight those burning coals make in Mr. Vaughan's house. You can +see better by the left, there, now stop. See the pale light is above, +the deep blood-red light is below. What a curious meeting. You can +scarcely see the dividing line between them. Drive through the street to +Carmarthen, take in on the way Mr. Nicholson's Castle, and the houses +of Messrs. Magee on the left, and before you turn up the street look at +that immense mass of burning coals belonging to the Gas Company, blazing +away like some volcano in a state of eruption. There are smouldering +fires all round the city, and ruins upon ruins meet us at every turn. My +heart sickens at the sight. Let us drive home. We have visited the ruins +by moonlight. + + + + +Chapter XV. + + Aid for St. John--The First Days--How the Poor were Fed-- + Organization of the St. John Relief and Aid Society--Its + System--How it Operates--The Rink--The Car-shed--List of + Moneys and Supplies Received--The Noble Contributions. + + +No sooner was it known abroad that a great fire had swept away the +principal portion of St. John, and that thousands of people walked the +streets, homeless and hungry, than, with wonderful unanimity, generous +offers of aid came pouring in from all sides, for the relief of the +ruined city. Large sums of money, cargoes of supplies, and carloads of +breadstuffs, furniture, and clothing arrived; and committees of +citizens, notwithstanding that they were burned out themselves, and had +suffered severely, forgot everything in the desire to do good, and +instantly proceeded to take charge of this relief, and administer it to +the needy. The spacious skating rink was at their disposal, and this +splendid building soon became the house of refuge for over three hundred +homeless persons. These men, women, and children lived, slept, and ate +here day after day, for a week and more after the fire. The rink was +also converted into a provision storehouse, and from its centre the +poor, daily, received the necessaries of life. The ladies' dressing-room +was thrown into a clothes department, and from this place the wants of +applicants were attended to. Of course the system employed at first was +very loose, and while many deserving persons received aid, others, +again, who had no claims on the fund, fared equally as well. The +committee took the ground that it was better a few impositions should +occur than that one deserving person should "go empty away," and +accordingly none were refused alms and other assistance. The greatest +credit is due to these gentlemen for their kindly and disinterested +labours. While in office they did much good, and the generous donors of +the material which was so freely sent, can rest assured that their +bounty was not misapplied. Everything passed through the hands of His +Worship, Mayor Earle, the chief civic officer, and was by him placed +immediately after its receipt, in the possession of the proper ones who +were delegated to receive it. But this committee could not be expected +to distribute the relief, after the first week or two. The sums of +money, and the immense quantity of supplies, which continued, and still +continue, to come, and the large increase of applicants who only now +began to realize their loss, caused the work to grow more and more +arduous and cumbersome. Some regularly organized system of administering +aid must be devised, and a proper board of workmen selected, who would +be paid fairly for their services. This was what was done in Chicago, +during the days of her calamity, and our people wisely considered that a +leaf out of her book would answer the purpose. A meeting was called, and +though some dissatisfaction existed at the precise _manner_ in which the +thing was done, yet, after all, the error in such times as these should +not be accounted as anything very serious. The movers meant well, and +every one could not have a place on the board of directors. + +[Illustration: SKATING RINK.] + +Mr. C. G. Trusdell, the General Superintendent of the Chicago Relief and +Aid Society, was sent down to St. John to give what counsel he could, +and relate his experience to the people, and point out to them the +beauties of the organization which obtained in Chicago during her +troubles. He counselled the instant formation of a similar society here. +He knew its workings intimately. It was thorough; it was business-like. +No one, after the system was in full working order, could impose on the +managers, and order would come out of chaos, and confusion no longer +exist. His words had weight, for he had passed through the fire himself; +and steps were at once inaugurated for the establishment of "The St. +John Relief and Aid Society," with full control of the funds and +supplies. The men who were selected for the task are those in whom the +citizens have every confidence. The Directors are:-- + + S. Z. Earle, Mayor, _President_. + W. H. Tuck, Recorder, _Vice-President_. + Chas. H. Fairweather, _Treasurer_. + + James A. Harding. + Hon. Geo. E. King. + Harris Allan. + Fred A. King. + Andre Cushing. + James Reynolds. + H. J. Leonard. + James I. Fellows. + Wm. Magee. + Chas. N. Skinner. + Ezekiel McLeod. + Gen. D. B. Warner. + A. Chipman Smith. + John H. Parks. + E. Fisher. + + Aldermen Maher, Peters, Ferguson, Kerr, Adams, Duffell, Brittain, + Glasgow, and Wilson, with L. R. Harrison, _Secretary_. + +These gentlemen then organized the St. John Relief and Aid Society, and +assumed charge at once. The moneys were deposited in the bank, to the +credit of Chas. H. Fairweather, the Treasurer; and General D. B. Warner, +U.S. Consul, entered upon his duties as General Superintendent, and +opened his office at the rink. + +The sufferers by the fire, who had lived in the rink up to this time, +were housed in tents on the barrack green. The rink was thrown into +compartments. Fully two-thirds were placed at the service of the +store-keeper, who dealt out the provisions, the manager of the furniture +department, and the overseer of the space allotted to clothing. The +space directly in front of the door-way is occupied by the different +officers who perform the preliminary work. The gentlemen's dressing-room +is devoted to the use of the visitors, and the other dressing-room is +where the General Superintendent is to be found. No more admirable +system of giving out help to those whose wants require it, could be +formed. It is perfection itself, and though mistakes may occur +occasionally, on the whole it moves like a piece of well-appointed +machinery. The reader must understand that thousands of applications are +made daily, and all sorts of tricks are resorted to by those whose +necessities require no help, and every dollar given away to the +undeserving, is so much carried from the mouths of the honest and +honourable, for whom this magnificent donation was made. The greatest +care must be exercised, and it is the business of quite a staff of +officers to see that these impositions are checked, and no one is served +twice on the same order. No one has been refused aid, if he was +legitimately entitled to it. + +The actual working of the system is an interesting study. Everything is +done regularly and methodically. There is a substantial reason for every +movement, and it is surprising how quickly the officers can detect an +informality, or notice any attempt at deception. A brief account of the +system as it works will be interesting to many. Upon entering through +the main entrance, the visitor will notice, in stepping down to the +floor of the rink, a number of benches. On these the applicants sit, +each awaiting his or her turn, as the case may be. Before them are the +interviewers, six or seven in number, seated at convenient desks. The +applicant steps up and answers the questions propounded on a sheet of +paper. This document is signed, and one of Mr. G. B. Hegan's (the chief +of the clerks' staff) clerks numbers it. It then goes before Mr. Peter +Campbell, the superintendent of visitors. He allots it to the visitor of +the district to which the applicant belongs, for his name and address +are on this paper. The next day this house is visited, and the wants of +the residents being made known are entered on the paper, if in the +opinion of the visitor, after thorough examination, they come under the +proper head for relief. The applicant is told to call at the rink, where +he receives orders for furniture, clothing or provisions, or all three +if he needs them. After that has been gone through, it is only the +question of a few minutes when he gets what he wants. He presents each +ticket to the department of the various supplies, and after receiving +his quota he passes out. The process is very simple, though it appears +at first sight a little involved. It is the only way, however, by which +a complete check may be put on what goes out or by which every dollar's +worth of supplies can be strictly accounted for. Cases calling for +immediate aid often come before the managers. The applicant's needs are +urgent, and he cannot wait two days. He must have something now and at +once. Even here the wheels of the system are not clogged. In half an +hour or less he goes off with a day or two's full supply. An interim +ticket is furnished for just such cases as his, and he gets enough on +that "Immediate Relief" card, in advance of visitation to keep him from +actual suffering, until his regular supply can come to him in due +course. The plan adopted to prevent fraud works excellently, and without +the remotest possibility of a mistake. This is the famous vowel index +system and there is no better way than it. This is in charge of the +book-keepers under W. H. Stanley, the Chief Book-keeper, whose fine +ability has full scope in the management of this department. A complete +registration is made of the name and number and residence of every +applicant. The vouchers bearing these statements are fyled away in +packages of a hundred, and it is only the work of a few seconds to find +out all about the applicant as soon as he presents himself. In this +department only the "issued" documents are kept. Before they pass into +the book-keeper's hands they are retained by another set of clerks who +hold them until the supplies are issued; when this is done the words +"issued to ----" are written down on the face of the voucher in red ink +and at once recorded at the book-keeper's desk and fyled as before +mentioned. Mr. Hegan, whose desk faces the door, performs his functions +with excellent executive skill, and the other gentlemen in charge of the +different departments have the system at their fingers' end and already +show much familiarity with the work. It is the duty of the visitors who +call on the people named in the circulars handed them, to make every +legitimate enquiry and strive to learn the fullest particulars of the +applicants, as much depends on their report to headquarters. This duty +is entrusted to persons of discernment and reliability, and few +complaints have reached the General Superintendent of negligence and +incompetency. As soon as they occur, however, the offenders are promptly +dismissed. The Provision Department is in charge of Mr. Geo. Swett, +formerly Manager of the Victoria Hotel. He has an efficient staff of +clerks, and his store-room reminds one of a well regulated wholesale +grocery store. The meat is cut up into convenient pieces by butchers, +and the whole management here is reduced to a system; Mr. Swett is +always courteous and looks carefully after those under him. Mr. Kerrison +is chief of the Clothing Department, and Mr. P. Gleason, is the +principal officer of the Furniture Room. Miss Rowley is Superintendent +of the Ladies' Clothing Department. The heads of the different +departments are held responsible for the doings of their subordinates, +and the utmost vigilance is accordingly exercised. + +The large car-shed immediately adjoining the rink, has been converted +into a store-room and receiving office. Here, Messrs. Wm. Magee and +James Reynolds receive the supplies as they come to the very doors of +the shed by rail, and are brought from the steamers by carts. As most of +the relief comes by train there is no cartage or expense attached, and +this besides being very convenient is wholly inexpensive. Not an article +can leave here to go to the various departments in the rink, unless an +order comes for it from some chief of a department. The supplies are +usually ordered in large quantities in the morning and in sufficient +amounts to last one day. The warehouse is kept well, and the goods +therein are carefully looked after and subject to constant examination. +Everything here, as well as in the other rooms, is done by check, and +nothing can go astray. + +The Directors are husbanding their resources and looking further ahead +than the present hour. Care is taken to render judiciously the relief +which has come from the generous friends abroad. It is likely that the +St. John Relief and Aid Society will continue several years in active +operation. They will have much to do, and the trials which will come +with the winter will be very trying. + + +LIST OF BUSINESS HOUSES BURNT OUT. + + Academy of Music A. M. Ring, Pres. Germain Street. + Adams, James & Co. Drygoods King Street. + Allan, Harris Brass-founder Water Street. + Allan Bros. Foundrymen " " + Allan, J. Howe Provisions South Mkt. Whf. + Allan, John Tinsmith Canterbury Street. + Allen, Geo. Em. Commercial agent Prince William Street. + Ames, Horace T. Ship chandlery Walker's Whf. + Albert Mining Co. Albertite Pr. William Street. + Armstrong, Aaron Bonded warehouse " " + Armstrong, Bros. Founders Main Street. + Armstrong, John & Co. Dry goods Prince William Street + Austin, W. H. Livery Stable Princess Street. + Andrews, Wm. Mountain, + & Co. Manuf. Agents Prince William Street. + Arrowsmith, J. E. Victualler Germain. + Abel, Mrs. Boarding-house " + Aitken, Allen & Co. Machinists Sydney Street. + Anglin, Hon. T. W. "Freeman" Prince William Street. + Almon, L. J. Insurance Princess Street. + + Brown, Silas H. Builder Pitt St. + Ballantine, J. E. & Co. Boots and shoes + (retail) King St. + Barbour Bros. Provisions South Mkt. Whf. + Barbour, M. C. Dry goods (retail) Prince William St. + Barbour, Robt. Painter + Bardsley, Bros. Hats King St. + Butt, W. F. Bonded warehouse Nelson St. + Brennan, Henry Oyster saloon Water St. + Barnes, A. B. & Co. Hotel-keepers Prince William St. + Barnes & Co. Booksellers " " + Benn, J. C. Insurance Germain St. + Barnes, Jos. W. & Co. Dry goods (retail) Market Square. + Betts Azor, W. T. Comm Ward St. + Bridgeo, D. Boarding-house Prince William St. + Bartsch, A. J. H. Watches and + Chronometers " " + Beard & Venning Dry goods " " + Benson, John Millinery " " + Beek, Henry S. Bookbinder " " + Bell, Joseph Painter Duke St. + Bellony, John Pictures Dock St. + Bent, Geo. R. Musical instruments, + organs Main St. + Bent, Gilbert Provisions South Mkt. Whf. + Bertain, G. W. E. Ship-owner Prince William St. + Berton Bros. Groceries Dock St. + Berryman, Drs. J. & + D. E. Physicians Charlotte St. + Best, Norris Metals Water St. + Bone, Peter Liquors Smyth St. + Birmingham, Michael " Dock St. + Biddington, George " Canterbury St. + Black, Wm. Ship chandler Ward St. + Blackall, Michael Coaches Prince William St. + Blanchard, W. E. Women's wear Germain St. + Blizard, S. G. Lumber yard Britain St. + Blizzard, Wm. Fish packer Prince William St. + Bostwick, C. M. Provisions Water St. + Bourke, T. L. Groceries and liquors Dock St. + Bowes & Evans Tinsmiths and stoves Canterbury St. + Bradley, Bros. Block & pump makers + Breeze, Dudne Liquors and groceries, + bonded warehouse + burned + Brims, A. & Son. Brewers Wentworth St. + Bruce, J. Boots and Shoes Sydney St. + Brockington, H. & Co. Tailors Germain St. + Brown, John C. Commission & W. I goods Brown's Wharf. + Brown & Nugent Liquors Dock St. + Burns, G. M. Boarding-house " + Bruckhof, Wm. Mouldings Germain St. + Bullock, Jos. Oils Nelson St. + Baillie, Chas. Fly tyer Prince William St. + Burnham, C. E., & Co. Furniture Germain St. + Burpee, I. & F. & Co. Iron and hardware North wharf. + Butt, John H. Tailor Germain St. + Buist, A. Liquors Water St. + Buxton, Thos. B. Liquors Dock St. + Brundage, Thos. Sail maker Merritt's wharf. + Brennan, B. Liquors Canterbury St. + Bank New Brunswick Hon.J. D. Lewin, Pres. Princess St. + Bank Nova Scotia J. M. Robinson, Agent Market Square. + Bank Montreal E. C. Jones, Agent " " + Brown, Miss Milliner Germain St. + Bustin, A. T. Circulating Library Germain St. + Bayard, Dr. Wm. Physician " " + Brewster, E. E. Bottler Dock St. + Burke, John Undertaker Princess St. + Bryden, Bros. & Co. Bakers + Bertaux, Geo. E. Ships Prince William Street. + + Cain, Antony Liquors & groceries Mill St. + Callaghan, John " " Reed's Point. + Cameron, J. R. & Co. Oils and lamps Prince William St. + Campbell, P. & J. Blacksmiths Union St. + Campbell, Thos. Gas fitter Germain St. + Carleton, Robt. Blockmaker Wood St. + Carroll, David Plumber Princess St. + Carvill, Geo. Iron Nelson St. + Carvill, McKean & Co. Merchants Office, Walker's wharf. + Chubb, H. & Co. Stationers Prince William St. + Churchill, David Fancy goods Prince William St. + Clarke, Alfred T. W. I. goods Smyth St. + Clarke, James Flour Inspector + Clarke, G. H. Auctioneer Prince William St. + Clementson, F. & Co. Crockery Dock St. + Climo, J. S. Photographs & frames Germain St. + Coholane, John Grocer Dock St. + Collins, Francis Commission Dock St. + Connolly, Capt. Nautical school Water St. + Colpitts, Thos. R. Photographer Germain St. + Conroy, H. & Son Hair goods Canterbury St. + Corbitt, John Block & pumpmaker Ward St. + Corbitt, Samuel Furniture Prince William St. + Cornwall, Ira, jr. Insurance Agent Princess St. + Cotter, W. & Sons Victuallers Prince William St. + Coughlan, Daniel Clothing Dock St. + Coughlan, R. Liquors Ward St. + Coughlan, Thos. L. Jewelry King St. + Cox, Joseph Stone cutter + Crawford, W. K. Books King St. + Cruickshank, James F. Ship owner Office Maritime Bank + Cushing, Andre & Co. Lumber Office Prince Wm. St. + Cotter, B. Fruit Dock St. + Cochrane, F. J. Drugs Charlotte St. + + Daniel & Boyd Dry goods, wholesale Market Square. + Davidson, Wm. Lumber Office Water St. + Davidson, Wm. J. Tug boats " " " + Dun, Wiman & Co. Mercantile Agency " Maritime Bank. + Dearborn & Co. Spices Nelson St. + De Forest, Geo. S. Provisions & W I goods South wharf. + Della Torre, C. & W. & + Co. Toys King St. + Deveber, L. H. & Sons Merchants Prince William St. + Devine, George F. Sheet Music " " " + Dalzell, J. W. Furniture Germain St. + Devoe, John D. Liquors & groceries Water St. + Daniel, Dr. J. W. Physician Germain St. + Dodge, Isaac A. Blacksmith + Doherty, Wm. & Co. Clothiers Market Square. + Domville, Jas. & Co. Merchants North Wharf. + Donovan, Jeremiah Boots and Shoes Dock St. + Driscoll Bros. Ship-owners Water St. + Driscoll, M. Ship-chandler " " + Duff, Alexander Tug Boats " " + Duffell, Henry Lumber Charlotte St. + Dunham & Clarke Architects Prince William St. + Dunn, J. E. Insurance Ritchie's Building. + Dunn, Jas. L., & Co. Iron and Ship-owners Smyth St. + Dyall, James Gas-fitter Water St. + DeBlois, T. M. News Room Prince William St. + Doody & Tole Plumbers " " " + Driscoll, Daniel Liquors Carmarthen. + + Eastern Express Co. Jos. R. Stone, Agent Prince William St. + Eaton, Geo. Commission Nelson St. + Emerson, R. B. Tinsmith Germain St. + Emery, Oliver & Co. Provisions and Ships South Wharf. + Erb & Bowman Flour North Wharf. + Everitt & Butler Wholesale Dry Goods Canterbury. + Everett, C. & E. Hatters Prince William St. + Everett, Geo. F. & Co. Drugs King St. + Elder, Wm. _Daily Telegraph_ Prince William St. + Ellis & Armstrong _Evening Globe_ " " " + + Finlay, Hugh _Printer's Miscellany_ Prince William St. + Finnegan, H. Liquors Prince William St. + Flinn, Geo. Saloon Canterbury St. + Fairweather, H. H. Coal York Point Slip. + Fairweather, A. C. & G. + E. Insurance Princess St. + Fairall & Smith Dry Goods, Retail Prince William St. + Fairbanks & Co. Gilders King St. + Farrell, Michael Clothing Prince William St. + Ferguson, John C. Grocer and Auctioneer South Wharf. + Flood, Michael Builder Wentworth St. + Finn, M. A. Wines Water St. + Fisher, Samuel Shoemaker Charlotte St. + Flewelling, G. & G. Matches Water St. + Foley, H. T. Notions Duke St. + Foster, John Grocers and Liquors Prince William St. + Foster, S. K. Shoes Germain Street. + Foster, S. R. & Son Tacks North St. + Fleming, J. W. Liquors Britain St. + Francis, Manuel Shoes Prince William St. + Furlong, Thos. Wines Water St. + Fiske, Dr. J. M. C. Dentist King St. + Fitch, Dr. Simon Physician Princess St. + Firth, Wm. M. B. Wharfinger Walker's Wharf. + Frith, Henry W. Clerk of the Peace Princess St. + Fitzpatrick, F. G. S. Bonded Warehouse Nelson St. + Ferguson, Miss Gordon House King St. + + Gabel, Z. G. Rubber Goods Prince William St. + Gallagher & Young Coopers Ward St. + Gard, W. T. Manu. Jeweller Germain St. + Gerow, Geo. W. Ship-owner Prince William St. + Gibbon, W. H. Coal Mill St. + Gibson, W. C. Watch materials King St. + Gilbert, & Co. Merchants Prince William St. + Griffith, Dr. Jas. E. Dentist Germain St. + Gilmour, A. & T. Tailors Germain St. + Gleeson, Patk. Provisions South Mkt. Whf. + Griffin, Bros. Fish " " + Godard, J. W. Ship chandler North Whf. + Gorman, Thos. Provisions Ward St. + Grant, J. Macgregor Insurance Robertson Place. + Green, Nathan Cigars Prince William St. + Greenough, A. R. Saloon " " + Gould Bros. Dyers " " + Gunn, Thos. Tailor " " + Guthrie & Hevenor Bakers Charlotte St. + Gale, E. W. Insurance Prince William St. + Guy, Stewart & Co. Lumber Office, Water St. + Gardner Sewing Machine + Co. Princess St. + Gregory, Hugh S. Stevedore North Mk. Whf. + Grace, R. Umbrellas, etc. Princess St. + Gorrie, Henry Tailor " " + Gavin, P. Liquors Water St. + + Hall, David H. Sewing Machines Germain St. + Hill, Rowland & Co. Crockery Mkt. Square. + Hall & Fairweather Flour South Whf. + Hall, Thos. H. Books King St. + Hamilton, Lounsbury & + Co. Manufacturer's agents Germain St. + Hammond, E. P. Sewing machines King St. + Holden, Chas. Physician Princess St. + Hanford, Bros. Commission Nelson St. + Health Lift Co. R. J. Moffatt, agent Germain St. + Hanington, Bros. Drugs King St. + Hanington, Thos. B. Auctioneer Princess St. + Harding, Chas. E. Lumber yard Reed's Pt. + Harding, John H. Mining agent Prince William St. + Harrison, J. & W. F. Flour North Mk. Whf. + Harrison, Matthew Boots and shoes Prince William St. + Hart, S. H. Cigars " " + Hammond, John Shoemaker " " + Hatfield & Gregory Ship chandlers North Whf. + Hatheway, Dr. J. C. Dentist Germain St. + Hatheway, Dr. Can. " " + Hatheway, W. H. Fish + Hawker, W. Drugs Prince William St. + Hay, A. & J. Jewellers King St. + Hayes, Edw. Baker Mill St. + Hayward, S. & Co. Hardware Prince William St. + Hamilton & Gray Barbers " " + Hayward, W. H. Crockery " " + Hegan J. & J. & Co. Dry goods " " + Hevenor & Co. Brass-founders Water St. + Hillman, W. H. Silver-plater Charlotte St. + Hilyard, C. E. Commission North Whf. + Holstead & Co. Trunks Water St. + Holstead, John S. Stevedore " + Horn, John Liquors " + Hubbard, W. D. W. Auctioneer Canterbury St. + Hughes, John E. Custom House broker Prince William St. + Hunter, James Locksmith Princess St. + Hunter, Roger Printer Dock St. + Hutchings & Co Mattresses Germain St + Hutchinson, Geo Jr Jeweller " " + Hyke, R S International Hotel Prince William St + Hinch, James United States Hotel Charlotte St + Henderson, Jas D Fruit, etc. Princess St + Hancock, F M Fish St James's St + + Isbister, O R S Painter Dock St + Inches, Dr. P R Physician Germain St + Isaacs, Joseph Tobacco Mill St + Irvine, Bros. Grocers Germain St + + James, S K F Ship broker Walker's Whf + Jardine & Co Wholesale and retail + grocers Prince William St + Jarvis, C E L Insurance Princess St + Jarvis, Wm M " " " + Jack, Henry " Canterbury St + Jewellers' Hall King St + Jewett Bros Lumber Office, Water St + Jewett, E D & Co " " " + Johnston, James J Tailor King St + Jones, Simeon, & Co. Bankers Prince William St + Jones, Thos R & Co. Dry goods (wholesale) Canterbury St + Jones, Wm Tailor King Square + Jones, Mrs. Wm Florist Germain St + Jordan, Jas G Ship broker Lawton's Whf + Jordan, W W Dry goods Mkt Square + + Kivenear, Wm Liquors North St + Kearns, A G " Dock St + Kennedy, Jas Grocer South Whf + Kennay, E E. Organs, etc. Germain St + Keohan, Thos H Gilder " " + Kerr & Scott Dry goods Mkt Square + Kilnapp, Geo Shoemaker Germain St + King Bros Groceries Princess St + Kinnear Bros Commission Nelson St + Kirk, J T & Co. Clothing Mkt Square + Kirkpatrick, Hugh " King St + Knowles, S N Trunks Germain St + Kavanagh, M Liquors Dock St + Knox & Thompson Furniture Princess St + Knodell Geo A Printer Church St + Kaye J J & J S Insurance Princess St + Kain Mrs. Green grocer Prince William St + + Lumber Exchange H J Leonard, Sec Market Square + Larter, S Shoemaker Carmarthen St + Landry & Co Organs King St + Lantalum, E & Co Junk Union St + Lauckner, S J Baker Sydney St + Lawton, A G Drugs King St + Lawton, Edmund " Prince William St + Lawton, James Wharfinger Lawton's whf + Lawton, J. Fred Saw manuf North St + Lawton, W G Dry goods King St + Livingston, John Watchman office Canterbury St + Leach, Danl E Billiard saloon Charlotte St + Lee J W Stoves Princess St + Lee Mrs Intelligence office " " + Lee & Logan Grocers Dock St + Leonard, R J Ship broker Water St + Leonard, S & Co. Fish & ships Water St + Leonard, Robt. Sail maker Water St + Lester, E H Auctioneer King St + Lewin & Allingham Hardware Market Square + Leitch John & Co Woodenware Germain St + Lewis Wm B Ship smiths Britain St + Lipman, S & Son Cigars King St + Littlejohn, Thos Liquors North wharf + Lloyd & Co Coal Lloyd's wharf + Lockhart, W A Auctioneer North wharf + Logan, Lindsay & Co. Grocers King St + Lordly, Howe & Co. Furniture Germain St + Lorimer, J B Grocer Carmarthen St + Lorimer, Wm. " South wharf + Lunney, Thos. Clothier Dock St + Lunt, Enoch & Sons Steamboats Dock St + Lyman, C E Machinery agent Market square + Lear, James Manufacturer's agent King St + Lyons, Ann Second-hand store Germain St + Lawton, Benj Boat builder Nelson St + Lordly, Mrs Brunswick Hotel Prince William St + + McAllister, James Dentist Germain St + MacIntyre, R & Co Paint manufacturers Sydney St + Maclellan & Co Bankers Prince William St + Magee & Co J T Tinware " " " + Magee Bros Dry goods " " " + Malcolm, Andrew Grocer South wharf + Manson, Jas. Dry goods King St + Maritime Warehousing & + Dock Co. Office, North Whf + Maritime Bank Jas Domville, M.P., + President Mkt Square + Maritime Insurance Office Pr. Wm. St. + Co. Wm. Pugsley, Jr., Sec. + Maritime Sewing Machine + Co F S Sharpe Charlotte St + Marshall, Robt. Insurance agent Pr Wm St + Marsters, John F Custom-house broker " " " + Martin, Wm. Clothier Dock + Masters, A W Oils, &c Nelson + Masters & Patterson Provisions South Whf + Maxwell, Elliott & + Barclay Shipsmiths Nelson + Maxwell, H & Sons Lumber Britain + May, Jas S Tailor Pr Wm St + McAndrews, Robt Shoemaker Germain St + McAndrews, R jr Grocer King St + McArdle, Patk " Pr Wm St + Macfee, Wm Blacksmith Ward St + McAvity, Thos & Son Hardware Water St + McCafferty, Hugh Liquors North Whf + McAvenney, Dr A F Dentist Germain St + McCourt, Patrick Merchant North St + McCarthy, Timothy Coal Water St + McSweeney, John Shipowner Office, Union St + McClure, Jas & Co Photographers King St + McConnell, Jas Boots and shoes " + McCormack, Jas Clothing Ward St + McCulloch, H & H A Dry goods Mkt Sqr + McDonough, M Tailor Germain St + McDougall, John Cabinet-maker Mill St + McFarlane, John R Soap and candles " + McFeeters, W W Clothier Mkt Sqr + McGivern, R P Coal North Whf + McGill, L Shoes Mill St + McCoskery, C A Liquors Pr Wm St + McGovern, W F Hatter King St + McInnes, J A Tailor Princess St + McKenzie & Scott Stone cutters Charlotte St + McLachlan, D & Sons Boiler makers York Point Slip + McLauchlan, Chas & Son Ship-brokers Office, North Wharf + McLaughlan, D J Commission North Whf + McLean, Wm M Ship-broker Office, Peter's Whf + McLaren, L Physician Charlotte St + McLeod, Geo Merchant Water St + McMann, L & Sons W I goods Smyth St + McManus, J N Clothing Mkt Sqr + McMillan, J & A Booksellers & + stationers Prince Wm St + Masonic Hall Ritchie's build Princess St + McSorley, J Groceries & liquors Duke St + Melick, John Ship-broker Water St + Meneley, W Blockmaker Ward St + Merritt, E M Liquors Dock St + Merritt, Chas Capitalist Water St + Miller, J O Confectioner Charlotte St + Milligan, J & R Marble-cutters King Sq + Mills, Alf Chronometers Pr Wm St + Mitchell, John Carver + Mitchell, John Boots & shoes Pr Wm St + Moore, Wm Painter Germain St + Moore, Robt Auctioneer King St + Moore, Ellen Milliner King St + Morrisey, W C Undertaker Charlotte St + Morrisey, Patk Liquors Duke St + Morrison, Geo jr Grocer South Whf + Moulson, Jas Grocer Water St + Moynehan, Daniel Clothing Dock St + Mullin, Bros " Dock St + Mullin, J J " Prince William St + Mullin, John Boots and shoes King St + " " Liquors Dock St + Munroe, John J Trunks Princess St + McGinley, W Barber Canterbury St + McKillop & Johnston Printers " " + McKillop, John, & Co Geo Em Allen, agent Prince William St + McLeod, Ezekiel Official Assignee Princess St + McAvity, John D Grocer " " + Muldoon, E Liquors Duke St + McDonald & Hatfield Clothiers Dock St + McAleer, Mrs Liquors Duke St + Michaels, M Tobacconist Prince William St + Major, Wm Toys " " + + Nash, Thos AErated waters Dock St + New Brunswick Paper Co T P Davies, manager Canterbury St + Nicholson, J W Wines Robertson Place + Nicoud, Simon Jeweller Germain St + Nixon, Geo Glass and paper + hangings King St + Noble, Geo A Boot-maker Canterbury St + Notman, W & J Photographers Germain St + Normansell, H S Victualler Duke St + + O'Brien, Richard Liquors Germain St + O'Gorman, John Groceries and liquors Dock St + Olive, W H Ticket agent Office, Prince Wm St. + O'Regan, Chas Ship broker Office, South Whf + O'Connor, T J Boarding-house South Whf + Osgood, S P Marble-worker King Square + Oulton, Bros Ship-broker Office, Water St + Oddfellows' Hall Germain St + Odell, Mrs Fancy boxes King St + O'Hara, Chas Barber Mill St + + Provincial Building + Society C W Wetmore, Pres Prince William St + Paddock, M V Drugs Mill St + Partelow, C J Liquors South Whf + Partelow, G L " Ward St + Patterson, W H Jeweller King St + Patton Bros Liquors Water St + Patton, Danl Liquors Dock St + Peiler, E & Bro Piano dealers Prince William St + Pengilly, T M Drugs " " " + Pengilly Oil-clothes " " " + Percival, Purchase & Co Fancy goods King St + Peters, Albert Tanner Britain St + Peters, Thos W Capitalist Prince William St + Phillips, Miss S Hair worker Germain St + Philps, Geo Banker Prince William St + Potter, C E Painter Germain St + Potts, J W Grocer Water St + Powers, M N Undertaker Princess St + Powers, Stephen Liquor Mill St + Price, James Tailor Princess St + Prichard & Son Iron Merritt's wharf + Pullen, James H Painter Charlotte St + Purchase, Wm Watchmaker Dock St + Provincial Ins Co H H Reeve, agent Princess St + Pattison, Geo Tinsmith Church St + Purdy, Wm H Shipowner Maritime Bank + + Quick, Augustus Ship Chandler Water St + Quinn, P J Dry goods Market Square + Quinn, Wm Blocks Britain St + + Rankine, Thos & Sons Bakery Mill St + Ranney, H R Insurance Prince William St + Reeve, H H " Princess St + Ray, Chas R Agent Market Square + Raymond, Thos F Royal Hotel Prince William St + Redmond, P C Clothier Market Square + Reid, Miss Kate Boarding + Reed, J & R Shipowners Water St + Reed, Thos. M Drugs Market Square + Richardson, Alex & Co Saw manufacturers Union St + Ring, Z Shipowner Maritime Bank + Ring, Allan M Homoeopathic Phys Germain St + Rising, Wm Grocer South wharf + Risk, John Broker Nelson St + Richards, John Liquors Prince William St + Roberts, D V Ship chandler Water St + Robertson, C A Livery Stables King's Square + Rodgers, James Liquors Charlotte St + Robertson & Corbett Grocers, retl King St + Robertson, D D & Co Ship brokers Smyth St + Robertson, Geo Whs grocer Water St + Robertson, Le Baron Cigars Prince William St + Robertson, R & Son Sailmakers, &c Water St + Robinson, C & Co Undertakers Princess St + Robinson, C E Shipbroker Reed's Point + Robinson, T. W. Salt, W I Goods Union St + Roop, John Sailmaker Water St + Ross, John Saloon Prince William St + Rogers, John Tailor Prince William St + Ring, G Fred Commission Maritime Bank + Rowan, Archd Gasfitter Water St + Ruggles, St Clair Grocer Charlotte St + Runciman, John Gasfitter Water St + Rural Cemetery Co G Sidney Smith, Sec Princess St + Russell, J H Hotel King St + Rolph, A P Agent Duke St + + St John Gas Light Co A Blair, Pres Carmarthen St + " Halifax + Lithograph Co L D Clark, Manager Church St + " Mutual Ins Co O D Wetmore, Sec Princess St + " Building Soc C N Skinner, Pres Prince William St + " Board of Trade S J King, Sec Market Square + Salmon, Geo Variety King St + Sancton, G F Tugboats Office, Water St + Salmon & Cameron Photos King St + Scammell Bros Ship-brokers Water St + Scammell, C E, & Co Ship chandlers " " + Schofield & Beer Produce Walker's Whf + Schofield, Samuel Ship owner Office, Prince William + St + Scott & Binning Dry Goods King St + Scott, Geo A Provisions & groceries Prince William St + Scott, T A Saloon Charlotte St + Seely, A McL Merchant Germain St + Seely, D J Comm, etc Water St + Sharkey, P & Son Clothiers King St + Sharp & Co Dry Goods " + Sharp, Laban L Jeweller " + Sheraton & Skinner Carpets Prince William St + Skinner, F S Grocer King St + Small & Hatheway Steamboats Office, Dock St + Small's Hall Dock St + Smith, A Chipman Drugs Market Square + Smith, Geo F & Co Ship chandlers North Whf + Smith, H R Bookseller King St + Smith, Wm Ship-smith + Snider, G E Auctioneer Robertson Place + Sparrow, Geo Saloon King St + Spence, W A Hay York Point Slip + Stafford, Jno W Liquors Ward St + Spring Hill Mining Co Coal Office, Water St + Starr, R P & W F " Smyth St + Steeves Bros Merchants Prince William St + Stephens & Figgures Grocers Dock St + Stephenson & McGibbon Lumber Office, North Whf + Stephenson & McLean Provisions, etc North Whf + Stephenson, Robt Boots and shoes Prince William St + Stewart, Geo, jr Chemist King St + Spencer & Wortman Patent Medicines Church St + Stewart, John Grocer Carmarthen St + Stewart, Luke Shipbroker North wharf + Stewart, Robt Toys Germain St + Stewart & White Furniture and + Auctioneers Prince William St + Storey, J K Dry Goods King St + Strang, Saml Commission South wharf + Street, A L B Wines Princess St + Suffren, Geo Jewelry King St + Sweeney, John Boots & Shoes Prince William St + Swift & Johnson Painters Church St + Saunders, James Boots and shoes King St + Street, W W Stadacona Ins Co Prince William St + + Temperance Hall King St + Talbert, A J Dry Goods Dock St + Taylor Bros Shipowners Prince William St + Taylor & Dockrill Grocers King St + Taylor J M Commission North wharf + Tennant, R H B Shirt mfr Prince William St + Thomas, Geo Shipbroker Water St + Thomas, Geo E Adjuster " " + Thompson, G F & Sons Paint mfrs Princess St + Thompson, Richd Fancy goods Market Square + Thomson, Wm & Co Shipbrokers Smyth Street + Thorne, W H & Co Hardware Canterbury St + Thurgar & Russell Liquors North wharf + Tippett, A P Manufacturers' agent Water St + Toll, James Fisherman Water St + Troop & McLauchlan Ship chandlers Water St + Troop & Son Ship owners Water St + Trueman, James Grocer South wharf + Tufts, Francis Provisions, &c " " + Tufts, H K Boots & shoes Prince William St + Tufts, Samuel Grocer Germain St + Turnbull & Co Flour, &c Ward St + Turnbull, J E Sash factory Main St + Turner, James D Oysters Water St + Turner, Joshua S Fruit " " + Thompson, Mrs Annie Boarding house Germain St + Travers, B Physician Sydney St + + Valpey, J H Shoe mfr Prince William St + Vassie, Jno & Co Dry Goods whs Canterbury St + Vaughan & Donovan Boots & shoes Princess St + Vaughan, J R Boots & shoes Prince William St + Venning, J H Engraver Germain St + Vroom & Arnold Ship-brokers Water St + + Ward, Wm M Liquors Charlotte St + Walker, Jno & Co Ship chandlers Walker's wharf + Walton, Wm Crockery King St + Waterbury, Wm Hardware King St + Waterhouse, L H Coal North wharf + Watson, A C Fruit Water St + Watson, W C Shipbroker Nelson St + Watson, W H Groceries & liquors King St + Watson & Co Books " " + Watts & Turner Dry Goods Market Square + Webb, W E Cordage Smyth St + Welch, Richd Tailor Germain St + Wetzell, R Ice-dealer Prince William St + Walsh, M & Son Boots & shoes Reed's Pt + Wetmore, C W Broker Prince William St + White, G & V S Merchants North wharf + White, James E Stock broker Prince William St + White, Thos Confectioner Germain St + White & Slipp Flour North wharf + Wheeler, Miss Boarding Charlotte St + White & Titus Flour, etc North Whf + Whiting, G H Agent Canterbury St + Whiting, W J Flour, etc South Whf + Warn, Wm & Son Barbers King St + Willis, E, & Co Paper Collar Manufs Canterbury St + Willis & Mott "Morning News" " " + Wilson, Gilmour & Co Mantels Prince William St + Wilson, J N Liquors Church St + Wisdom & Fish Machinery Prince William St + Wishart, John Merchant Walker's Whf + Wetmore, E J Flock Manuf North St + Wills & Rubins Ship-smiths Water St + Woodworth, J L Agent Mispeck Mills " + Weiscoff, Jacob Liquors Prince William St + Walker, Thos Physician Princess St. + + Young, Adam Stoves Water St + Yeats, A, & Sons Iron Union St + + + + +CHAPTER XVI. + + The Odd Fellows and the Fire--Relief Committee at Work--Searching + out the Destitute Brethren--Helping the Sufferers--The Secret + Distribution of Aid--List of Donations. + + +The Society of Oddfellows is a Mutual Relief Association, one of the +first duties of its members being to search out worthy and distressed +brethren, and relieve their necessities. The member who neglects to +carry out this noble principle, violates his obligation. The order has +obtained a strong foothold in the city, and many benevolent men have +joined it that they might thereby be actively instrumental in doing good +to their fellowmen. The brother who suffers, and whose family requires +assistance meets with no obstacle in his way, for a liberal hand almost +as unseen as those blessings which come to us disguised, is near, he +receives the offerings of his companions, not as charity, but as his +due. He is an Oddfellow, and that talismanic word is all sufficient. In +_his_ time he had helped many. When his turn comes the same rule is +observed. The mode of giving relief is twice blessed. It is done in +secret, and without ostentatious parade. No member ever deems his spirit +crushed when he takes aid like this to his family. And no widow, however +proud, thinks for a moment that she is accepting alms, when her +immediate and other wants are supplied from the "Widows' and Orphans'" +Fund. So anxious are the members to have it thoroughly understood that +the aid that is given is not that which is known as charity by the +outside world, but is the legitimate due of the Oddfellow, that it is +expressly laid down, that no member, however well circumstanced he may +be, can refuse the sums which are from time to time placed at his +disposal. If he be sick he receives weekly a sick benefit allowance. +This he is bound to take. He may if he choose, it is true, donate it +back to any fund he likes, but it is preferred that this should not +occur. In addition to money benefits the order provides something else +which is more enduring than money, and which cannot be bought at any +price. The member is no sooner sick than he finds a warm-hearted brother +by his side, eagerly trying to interpret his wants, and perform some +little act of kindness that may perhaps assuage his pain for a time. In +a hundred ways this excellent society does good. The distressed are +relieved, the sick are watched over, and the dead are buried. Where it +is necessary, the brethren sit up during the night with the patient, and +in a thousand ways the good work goes on. + +Up to the present time no calamity has disturbed the prosperity of the +Order in the Province. Indeed, on the contrary, its career has been +wonderfully successful. The different lodges have grown prosperous, and +the two principal funds, the "Widows' and Orphans'," and the "sick +benefit," have for some time had quite a respectable balance at their +banker's. These still remain intact, and are held strictly in trust to +enable the ends of the society to be carried out when required. The +recent fire, of course, destroyed a considerable amount of the property +belonging to the organization; but the actual suffering was confined to +the private members of the order. Many of these endured great hardships, +and met with reverses of no ordinary kind. Men who had all their lives +helped others, now found themselves in a moment dependent on their +friends for relief for pressing needs. They had saved nothing from the +burning, and some of them who were insured had trusted to offices which +went down with the general crash. The result was immediately apparent. +Something had to be done and at once. Their distressed and harassed +members must be relieved. The whole tenets of the order demanded this. +The common humanity which dwells in the hearts of so many members cried +out to the afflicted ones, "Your loss is ours; we are ready to divide +with you." A meeting of the leading members was had on the 22nd June, at +the Oddfellow's Hall, Town of Portland, and steps were taken for the +administration of immediate relief. The same spirit which actuated the +brethren here seemed to prompt the members abroad to deeds which can +never be forgotten while a Lodge or an Encampment exists. The chairman +of the meeting, D. D. G. M. Murdoch, on the evening of Friday, announced +to the assembly that the Lodge in Moncton had generously contributed +$25, and asked to be drawn on to the extent of one hundred dollars, and +Brother White, of Bangor, had forwarded the handsome sum of three +hundred dollars, and offered more if needed. Offers of assistance came +from Boston, Chicago and elsewhere. These tidings were received with +great joy by the members. They knew now of the sympathy which was felt +for them abroad, and their first duty was the organization of an +Executive Committee. This was done on motion of Bro. Vradenburgh and one +member from each Lodge, and the Encampment were appointed such +Committee. These were N. G. McClure, of "Siloam," N. G., Court of +"Peerless," N. G., Torrance, of "Beacon," N. G., Hea, of "Pioneer," and +Henry Hilyard, chairman of Portland Town Council, of the Encampment, +together with Bros. Gilbert Murdoch, and Rev. G. M. W. Carey. A +sub-committee was subsequently appointed on the recommendation of Bros. +Vradenburgh and Kilpatrick, whose duties it would be to seek out and +report to the Executive Committee any brother they found to be in +distress. This Committee was very judiciously selected, and comprised +the following gentlemen: R. R. Barnes, James Byers and J. Rubbins, for +Beacon Lodge; H. A. Vradenburgh, W. A. Moore, and Alex. Duff, for +Peerless Lodge; F. Barnes, Hamon and A. J. Smith, for Siloam Lodge; and +John E. Hughes, J. A. Paul, and Jos. Wilson, for Pioneer Lodge. Action +was then taken on the telegrams received, and a committee was appointed +to attend to the replying of the same, and the transmission of the +thanks of the St. John Oddfellows to their brethren in the United States +and Canada. + +The Executive and sub-Committees held a meeting immediately after the +session of the General Body, and the following officers were appointed: +D. D. G. M. Gilbert Murdoch, Chairman; R. Radford Barnes, Treasurer; +and John E. Hughes, Secretary. The meeting then adjourned, and all +future sessions of committee were ordered to take place in Room No. 9, +Park Hotel, where the three heads of the Department of Relief would hold +daily meetings, receive reports, and supply all assistance needed by the +brethren. The system has worked admirably. The greatest secrecy has been +observed, and no one outside of the Committee know even the names of the +brethren who are being helped in the hour of need. The greatest care is +being exercised in searching out distress, and no one can ever tell the +immense amount of good which this society is doing. Relief from Lodges +and brethren continue to come in rapidly, and all moneys are deposited +in Maclellan & Co.'s banking house, and subject to withdrawal by check. +Up to this time, Aug. 20th, the following sums have been received.-- + + Moncton, N.B., Prince Albert Lodge $100 00 + Bangor, Maine, Oddfellows 400 00 + Boston, Mass, Howard Lodge 100 00 + Charlottetown, P. E. I. 250 00 + Summerside, P. E. I., Prince Edward Lodge 100 00 + Fredericton, N.B., Victoria Lodge 320 00 + Ontario, Grand Lodge, per J. B. King 400 00 + Cannington, Ontario, Peaceful Hope Lodge 50 00 + Pictou, N.S., Eastern Star Lodge 200 00 + Memphis, Tenn. 300 00 + Chicago, Ill. 500 00 + Montreal, Quebec, Mizpah Lodge 50 00 + Haverhill, Maine, Mutual Relief Lodge 100 00 + Oldtown, Maine, Torratine Lodge 115 00 + Dover, Maine, Kineo Lodge 50 00 + Brampton, Ontario, Golden Star Lodge 50 00 + Portland, Maine, Oddfellows 487 00 + Oshawa, Ontario, Corinthian Lodge 50 00 + Chicago, Ill., Northern Light Lodge 10 00 + Portland, N.B., Peerless Lodge 140 00 + Stratford, Ontario, Aaron Lodge 25 00 + Granville Ferry, N.S., Guiding Star Lodge 30 00 + Goderich, Ontario, Huron Lodge 80 00 + Spring Hill, N.S., Eureka Lodge 50 00 + Petitcodiac, N.B., E. J. Ritchie 1 00 + Woonsocket, R. I., Palestine Encampment 10 00 + Lewiston, Maine, Golden Rule Lodge 125 00 + Belleville, Ontario, Belleville Lodge 50 00 + Stellarton, N.S., Fuller Lodge 50 00 + Vale Colliery, N.S., Moore Lodge 50 00 + Staynor, Ontario, North Star Lodge 30 00 + Eureka, California, Humboldt Lodge 50 00 + Toronto, Canada Lodge 50 00 + Rhode Island, per J. F. Driscoll 200 00 + St. Catharines, Ont., Union Lodge 100 00 + + +SUPPLIES. + + Charlottetown, P. E. I., Bedding and Provisions. + Portland, Maine, 4 cases Clothing + + +LIST OF DONATIONS. + + +MONEY RECEIVED. + + Amherst, N S $500 00 + Augusta, Me 1000 00 + Annapolis, N S 554 00 + Accident Ins Co, Canada 200 00 + Aberfoyle, Ontario 200 00 + Armstrong, Ed (New York) 5 00 + Albert Mines, N B 115 00 + Ayer, Ontario 200 00 + Attleboro', Mass, Methodist S School 15 00 + Arichat, N S 367 00 + Boston 5000 00 + Boston Felt-roofing Co 100 00 + Bank of British North America 2433 33 + Bathurst, N B 400 00 + Brantford, Ont 1000 00 + Brockville, Ont 500 00 + Bath, Me 1300 00 + Bayside, St Andrews, N B 90 00 + Brockville, Midland Counties 200 00 + Brookville, N S 5 23 + Bell, Mr., Dublin, Ireland 486 67 + Boardman, Gorham, New York 100 00 + Boynton High School Children, Eastport, Me 2 38 + Bangor, Me 7000 00 + Beveridge, B. & Sons, Andover, N B 100 00 + Bridgetown, N S 393 92 + Bridgetown, Me., Congregational Church 14 65 + Bowmanville, Ont 300 00 + Beder, S, New York 4 00 + Bucksport, Me 320 00 + Billing, W W, New London, Conn 100 00 + Burt & Henshaw, Boston 50 00 + Buffalo Board of Trade 332 68 + Buffalo School Children 1000 00 + Borgan, Capt, ship "Tros" 5 00 + Baltimore, Md 541 97 + Boston, Theatre Benefit 886 03 + Belfast, Me 524 00 + Bowman, J L, Brownsville, Penn 25 00 + Blanchard, Chas, Truro, N S 10 00 + Boyd, John E, Three Rivers, Quebec 10 00 + Baird, John, & Co's Employes, Alamonte 13 00 + Berlin, Ontario 300 00 + Chicago Union Stock Yards 1200 00 + Chicago Clearing House 1000 00 + Chicago Produce Exchange 1000 00 + Chicago Board of Trade 5274 10 + Chicago City 10,000 00 + Charlottetown, P E I 5000 00 + Canning, N S 279 90 + Clarke, Dodge & Co, N Y 250 00 + Canada Screw Co, Dundas, Ont 200 00 + Canada Life Ins Co 500 00 + Crerar, Capt W G, Pictou, N S 50 00 + Carleton County Council, N B. 1000 00 + Clarke, Ontario, Municipality of 400 00 + Campbell, J W, Chicago, Ill 50 00 + Commercial Union Ins Co 2500 00 + Citizen's Hose Co, St Catharines, Ont 200 00 + Carmody, Rev Canon, Windsor, N S 10 00 + Caton, Judge, Ottawa, Ill 50 00 + Campbellton, N B 147 00 + Clifton, Ont 300 00 + Chatham, N B 700 00 + Crain, Marshall, Brunswick, Me 25 00 + Chatham, Ont 500 00 + Chatham, Ont, Masonic Concert 169 18 + Clinton, Me, Masonic Service 53 00 + Cornwall, Ont 300 00 + Dominion Government 20,000 00 + Dorchester, N B 615 00 + Digby, N S 700 00 + Dalhousie, N B 200 00 + Dublin, Lord Mayor of 486 67 + Dover, Me 245 75 + Detroit, Mich 1000 00 + Dominion Organ Co, Bowmanville, Ont 102 00 + Dungannon, Ont., Orangemen 29 10 + Elliot National Bank, Boston 647 00 + Eldon, Ont 500 00 + Fredericton, N B 8000 00 + Fuller & Fuller, Chicago 50 00 + Flanagan, R J, Newcastle, N B 5 00 + Fredericton Lime Rock Church 24 00 + Fowler J & G, Charlottetown, P E I 100 00 + Fox J J, Magdalen Islands, per J V Ellis 25 00 + Galt, Ont 500 00 + Guelph, Ont 1000 00 + Garringe, Wm, Chicago 4 25 + Glasgow, Scotland 14,600 00 + Grand Rapids "friend" 1 00 + Guysborough, N S 121 00 + Grace Church, Detroit, Mich 97 42 + Gloucester, Mass 100 00 + Grey County Council, Ont 500 00 + Galt Churches 674 17 + Grant, Capt I I F, Bermuda 5 00 + Halifax, N S Bay 1 08 + Halifax, N S 10,000 00 + Hawson, John Gloucester 5 00 + Hallowell 500 00 + Hamilton, Ont 13,900 00 + Hamilton, C C, Cornwallis, N S 5 00 + Harvey N B 15 00 + Halifax Garrison 564 71 + House of Commons, Ottawa 1000 00 + House of Commons Clerks 150 00 + Harrington Methodist E C, Me 20 00 + Howe Scale Co 250 00 + Hillsboro, N B 60 00 + Haldimand 200 00 + Hartford, Conn 42 00 + Imperial Fire Ins Co 2433 33 + Johnson, John C, 250 00 + International Mines, N S 100 00 + Kingston, Ont 1584 00 + Knox Church, Hamilton Ont 100 00 + Knox Church, Woodstock, N B 185 25 + Liverpool, England 14,600 00 + London, Ont 5000 00 + Lawrence, Mass 500 00 + Liverpool, N S 819 27 + Lynn, Ont, Presbyterian Church 20 20 + Londonderry, N S 15 00 + Lincoln Methodist E Church 5 00 + Lincoln, Me 500 00 + Louisburg, C B 27 00 + Lawrencetown, "from a friend" 10 00 + Lewiston, Me 500 00 + Meahan, T, Boston 5 00 + Moncton, N B 1300 00 + Mount Vernon, Iowa, "friend" 1 00 + Malden, Mass Congregational Church, 15 26 + Maritime Association, New York 6800 00 + Manchester, England 3660 00 + Magee, Thos, Baie Verte 50 00 + Mongaup Valley N Y, per Rev. W Ferrie 33 30 + McIntosh, J S, Boston 50 00 + McLean, Rev. James, Londonderry, N S 2 00 + New York, Providence and Stonington Line 500 00 + New York 8500 00 + Newcastle and Douglastown, N B 1000 00 + North Sydney 400 00 + New Haven Chamber of Commerce 823 76 + Nutting, G. S. Newton Mass 1 00 + New Glasgow, N S 1000 00 + North British and Mercantile Ins Co 2433 33 + New Bedford, Mass 500 00 + New York Stock Exchange 772 50 + Norwich, Ontario 100 00 + Nantucket Women 50 00 + Odell, D S, Eastport, Me 10 00 + Ottawa Custom House Officials 180 00 + Orillia, St James' Church 20 00 + Oak Park, Chicago, Ill 100 00 + Philadelphia 5500 00 + Parrsboro, N S 100 00 + Portland, Maine 6000 00 + Peterboro', Ontario 3124 00 + Palmer & Embury, New York 50 00 + Paris, Ontario 600 00 + Pictou, N S 1232 46 + Port Hope, Ontario 1034 20 + Port Latour, N S 68 27 + Portsmouth, N.H 697 00 + Peel County Council, Ontario 1000 00 + Rogers, J H, Boston 100 00 + Rice, N W & Co, Boston 100 00 + Richibucto, N B 410 00 + Rosamond Woollen Co 50 00 + Raymond, Percy J, Hebron, Yarmouth 1 00 + River John, Pictou Co, N S 381 50 + Rogers' Hill, N S 40 36 + Sarnia, Ontario 1050 00 + St Andrews, N B 650 00 + Sayer & Co, Cognac, France 200 00 + Sackville, N B 312 58 + Smith, Mrs M W, Ipswich, Mass 25 00 + Sherbrooke, Ont 1000 00 + St George, N B 200 00 + Summerside, P E I 1500 00 + St Thomas, Ontario 500 00 + San Francisco, "Caledonia Club" 500 00 + San Francisco 5600 00 + Salem, Mass 770 00 + St Catharines, Ont 500 00 + Sargent Ignatius, Machias, Me 25 00 + Springhill Mines 200 00 + Sternberg, J H, Penn 25 00 + Shediac, N B, Amateur Comedy Club 11 00 + St Martin's, N B 302 62 + St Clements, Annapolis 20 00 + Springfield, Mass, Children 14 00 + Storer & Son, Glasgow, Scotland 121 76 + St Matthew's Church, Quebec 100 00 + Stratford, Ontario 564 00 + Sons of Temperance, Detroit, Michigan 300 00 + Toronto, Ontario 20,000 00 + Truro, N S 2000 00 + Todd, Edw & Co, per J & A McMillan 25 00 + Trites, J S, Sussex, N B 8 00 + Thurlow F, per A C Smith 85 00 + Titus, Erastus 25 00 + Telegraph Operator, St John 5 00 + Thamesville 2 00 + Uniacke, R J, Annapolis, N S 36 20 + Victoria Municipality, N B 200 00 + "Valley City" Lodge I O O F, Dundas, Ontario 105 00 + Whitby, Ontario 200 00 + Williston, Edward, Newcastle, N B 50 00 + Windsor, N S 4287 32 + Woodstock, N B 200 00 + " " Methodist Church 30 00 + W C B & G H F, Custom House, Ottawa 2 00 + Weymouth East, N S Congregational Sunday School 20 00 + Welland Co, Ontario 600 00 + Westmoreland Coal Company, Philadelphia 100 00 + Walker, J & Co, Montreal 250 00 + Wilkins, Judge, of Nova Scotia 80 00 + Wentworth Co, Ontario 1000 00 + Waterloo Council 200 00 + Walker & Sons, Hiram 200 00 + Yarmouth, N S 836 73 + York County Council, Ontario 3000 00 + + +SENT TO MESSRS. DANIEL & BOYD FOR DISTRIBUTION. + + W W Turnbull, Esq, St John, $200 + G N Vanwart, Esq, Woodstock 100 + Daniel Hawkesworth, Esq, Digby 20 + B Rosamond, Esq, Almonte, Ont. 50 + Messrs. Loch & Co., New York 50 + Messrs. James McLaren Nephews, Manchester L100 Stg + Messrs. Marshall & Aston, Manchester 50 Stg + + +SENT TO JOHN BOYD, ESQ, FOR DISTRIBUTION. + + James H Moran, Esq, St John, $100 + Hon. Isaac Burpee, 100 + Thos. Furlong, Esq, 50 + Canada Life Assurance Co. 500 + Thomas Nelson & Son, Edinburgh L50 Stg + This last through Dr. Rand, for teachers + Clothing from St Andrews Church, Montreal, by + Rev. Gavin Lang, value $280 + George Sloane, Esq, New York U S C 50 + Sent to Thos. Maclellan, Esq, from the Upper + Canada Bible Society, the Scriptures to the + value of 500 + Liberal offers of books were sent to J & A + McMillan, to form the nucleus of a public + library, from the publishing houses of + Belford Bros, Toronto; Harper & Bros, + New York. + I Atwood Barnes, of New Haven, Conn, sends + through Gen. Warner 29 + Capt. Ezekiel Jones, of Baltimore, sends + by Thos S Adams, 50 + From Charlotte Co, N B, Bocabec, $41 75, + Elmville, Dig'deguash, $21 40, Bay Side, + $41 10, Waweig, $16. 120 + W & T Spink, Duffin's Creek, Ont, send + through Hall & Fairweather 50 + Mrs A Robinson, of Fredericton Junction, on + behalf of the ladies of that place sends, + through Everitt & Butler, a parcel of + children's underclothing. + + +SUPPLIES RECEIVED. + + Amherst, N S, Supplies to value of $600 00 + Annapolis, N S, Supplies 742 37 + "Argus" H M S, by order of Admiral, provisions + Adams, Mrs Robt, Fall River, N Y, clothing + Alberton, P E I, supplies + Andover, N B, provisions + Andrews, A A, clothing + Avard, Wm, Botsford, N B, pork + Boston, Per "Gallatin" 2 cargoes supplies + Boston, Per W S MacFarlane, supplies + " Per Schr "G. G. Jewett," supplies, clothing, blankets. + Burnham & Morrill, Portland, Me, provisions + Barnard, E A & Sons, Calais, Me, provisions + Burns & Murray, Halifax, N S, supplies + Bridgetown, N S, clothing + Bangor, Me, supplies + Beals, Thos P, Portland, Me, spring-beds + Beer, E & W, Charlottetown, P E I, clothing + Boston, Y M C A, supplies + Billings & Wetmore, tea + Blouchard, Chas, Truro, N S, supplies + Bowmanville Ladies, clothing + Baird, John & Co, Almonte, clothing + Bowmanville, Ontario, 1 case clothing + + Chicago Union Stockyards supplies to amount $3000 00 + Charlottetown, P E I, supplies and clothing + Charlottetown, P E I, ladies, 2 cases clothing + Cummings, Wm & Sons, Truro, N S, supplies + Calkin, B H, Kentville, N S, clothing + Christian Temperance Union, Moncton, N B, three cases clothing + Cowdry, E T & Co, Boston, Mass, supplies + County Line, P E I, supplies + Christie, Brown & Co, Toronto, supplies + Campbellton, N B, supplies + Coats, J P, Chicago, clothing + Chatham, N B, supplies + Cambridge Queen's Co, N B, 47 Blankets + Crawford, Jas, & Co, Toronto, supplies + + Dorchester, N B supplies + Derring, Milliken & Co, Portland, Me, two cases blankets + Digby, N S, supplies + Darling, Adam, Montreal, supplies + Dover, Me, supplies + + Ellsworth, Me, ladies seven packages clothing + Fredericton, N B, two cases cooked provisions + Fredericton, ladies, five cases clothing + Fredericton, N B, large quantities supplies + Fletcher & Co, Portland, Me, provisions + + Galbraith, Christie & Co, Toronto, supplies + + Halifax, N S, 2525 blankets + Halifax, N S, large quantities supplies + Halifax, N S, 50 stoves + Halifax, N S, ladies' committee, supplies + Humphreys, N, Petitcodiac, N B, supplies + Herritt, T, " " supplies + Heney, A, New York, supplies + Hampton, N B, supplies + Hallowell, clothing + Harris, J & C, Moncton, supplies + Hay, R & Co, Toronto, carload bedsteads + Hillsborough, N B, supplies + Harvey, N B, supplies + Howe Spring Bed Co, New York, 50 beds + Jennings & Clay, Halifax, clothing + Jones, D F, & Co, Gananoque, Ont, supplies + Jodoin & Co, Montreal, 15 stoves + Kentville, N S, supplies + Lockport, N S, clothing + Lewis, J T, & Co, Portland, Me, clothing + Lawrencetown, N S, 29 packages clothing + Lawrencetown, N S, J W James, clothing + Leavitt, F A, Portland, Me, one tent + Leath & Gore, Portland, Me, 16 boxes soap + Londonderry, N S, supplies + Lewis, W N, Boston, one gross liniment + Lukeman, John R, Salem, Mass, supplies + Lugsden, J & J, Toronto, 25 straw hats + Moncton, N B, supplies + Montreal, per Hon P Mitchell, 17 carloads supplies + Montreal, large quantity supplies + Montreal, 36 packages clothing + Milltown, N B, provisions + Moss, S H & J, Montreal, 2 cases clothing + Malone Bay, clothing + McGuiness, P, & Co, Montreal, one bale blankets + McLean & Blaikie, Londonderry, N S, supplies + New York, supplies + Newcastle & Donglastown, N B, supplies + North Sydney, cargo of coal + New Haven United Workers, clothing + Norcross, Miller & Lee, Boston, clothing + Ottawa Ladies' Committee, supplies + O'Brien, James, Montreal, clothing + Portland, Maine, large quantities supplies + Primrose & Co, J W M, Halifax, 5 barrels flour + Power, J F & Co, Montreal, 50 barrels flour + Paul, M L, Syracuse, supplies + Pierce, E, and Co, per "Gallatin," furniture + Piper, Henry, Toronto, supplies + Philadelphia Maritime Exchange, clothing + Quebec, supplies + Quincy, Ill, 50 barrels meal and 50 barrels flour + Riddell, John, Montreal, clothing + St. Andrews, N B, supplies + Sackville, N B, supplies + " " stoves + Shaw Bros, St John, N B, bread + Scotch Bakery, St John, N B, bread + Sussex, N B, 1 carload provisions + Smith, Mrs. M W, Ipswich, Mass, supplies + Saratoga, N Y, supplies + Salem, Mass, supplies and clothing + Salem, Mass, "Fraternity," clothing + Salem Y M C A, supplies + Shediac, N B, supplies + Stewart, C J, Amherst, N S, supplies + St Clements, Annapolis, N S, supplies + Saratoga Springs, N Y, clothing + Toronto, Ontario, large quantity of supplies + Toronto Ladies' Committee, quantity of supplies + Tupper, Hon Chas, C B, Toronto, supplies + Toronto Coal Mining Co, 250 tons coal + Temple, Mrs, Fredericton, N B, clothing + True, Geo W, Portland, Me, 5 barrels flour and 5 barrels meal + Thompson & Bligh, Halifax, N S, supplies + Truro, N S, supplies + Thurston, Hall & Co, Cambridgeport, Mass, 5 bls flour + Unitarian Parish, Portsmouth, N H, clothing + Upper Canada Furniture Co, Bowmanville, 50 bedsteads + Upper Clarence, N S, Supplies + Unitarian Society of Dedham, Mass, supplies + Upper Canada Trundle Bed Co, beds + Vincent & McFate, St John, shoes and slippers + Wetmore Bros, London, Ontario, 20 bls oil + Wilson Packing Co, New York, 50 cases beef + Woodstock, N B, per Connell & Hay, supplies + Woodstock, N B, supplies + Wolfville, N S, clothing and supplies + Warman Bros, London, Ontario, 20 bls flour + Waterman, Bros., London, Out., 20 bls oil + Woodcock, A, Toronto, supplies + Yarmouth, N S, supplies + Y. M. C. Union, Boston, 6 cases clothing + + +THE PROPERTY OWNERS. + +The following is a list of persons whose properties were destroyed. +Where the number of houses owned by each is more than one, it is so +stated: + + +NORTH MARKET SLIP. + + Heirs Dougald McLauchlin + G Sidney Smith + Heirs R L Hazen + G W Gerow + + +NORTH STREET. + + Wm Kievenar (2) + + +SMYTH STREET. + + Geo Moore + Heirs P McManus + P McCourt + P McDevitt + Thos Sheehan + Peter Bone + Mrs Kievenar + Maloney + D Rooney + J Dunlop + J C Brown estate + Heirs Chas Brown + Margaret S Robertson (6) + Mrs Espy + + +DRURY LANE. + + Mrs Ann Leonard + Heirs John Ansborough + John Allen + Wm County + Jas Morrow + John Donovan + Heirs Henry Graham (2) + Heirs Thos Daley + Heirs Helen O'Leary + Thos Hourihan + Ed Mullin (2) + John Holland + Catherine Healy + Margaret McCarron + Heirs John Bryden + +MILL STREET. + + Mrs Mary Ann Carleton + W Finn + Robert Grace (2) + John Lloyd (2) + Heirs John Frost + Heirs E Lawrence + Thos A Rankine + Thos A and Alex Rankine + John Bellony + Thos A Peters (2) + Mrs Ann Leonard + A G Kearns + John Allen + J Brittain + James Morrow + John Ryan + Ed Hayes + + +GEORGES STREET. + + Heirs Peter Sinclair + Thos A and Alex Rankine + Michael Burke + S R Foster + Michael Dineen + Heirs Wm Sullivan (2) + + +DOCK STREET. + + John McSweeney (2) + John O'Gorman + Heirs B Ferguson + Johanna R Ritchie + Heirs F W Hatheway + Heirs Wm Hammond + James Dever + Heirs John Stanton + Henry Melick + Heirs John Melick + Robt Robertson + Heirs Hugh Johnston + Thomas Parks (2) + Heirs ---- Robertson + W F Butt + Otis Small + J W & G H Lawrence + Trustees Varley School + R Grace (2) + S J & W D Berton + Heirs Elijah Barker + D Moynehan + Joshua Corkery + John Gallivan + + +HARE'S WHARF. + + Margaret Hare. + + +ROBERTSON PLACE. + + Mary Allan Almon. + + +FIRE PROOF ALLEY. + + Heirs of Benjamin Smith. + Wm Carvill. + + +NORTH MARKET WHARF. + + Eliza Robertson. + John Kirk. + D. J. McLaughlin. + J. Hendrick. + R. P. McGivern. + Heirs of John Duncan. + George F. Smith. + Heirs of D. J. McLaughlin. + J. V. Thurgar. + Hannah A. Bates. + Diocesan Church Society. + Heirs of George Bonsall. + + +NELSON STREET. + + Jane Inches + Jos R Stone + James Lawton + Eliza Robertson + John Fitzpatrick + B R Lawrence + Mrs William Hammond + Ed T B Lawton + Wm Scovil + W H Brown + Chas Lawton + Heirs of B Smith + Heirs of D J McLaughlin + Fred Fitzpatrick + George Carvill + Benj Lawton + + +SOUTH WHARF. + + Heirs H W Wilson + Heirs of Thos Merritt + J H Allen + Jas Trueman + G C Wiggins + W Scovil + Barbour Bros + Heirs T Gilbert + G S DeForest + H & B S Gilbert + J E Masters + Heirs I L Bedell + J & R Reed + Heirs of B Smith (2) + + +WARD STREET AND WALKER'S WHARF. + + Heirs of B Smith + W B Smith + G S DeForest + Mrs Catherine McNamara + M Lawrence + John Mitchell + Gallagher Young + Turnbull & Co + Heirs of J Walker + H & B S Gilbert + B R Lawrence + Wm Breeze + Wm M B Firth (3) + William Meneally + W T Betts + + +JOHNSON'S WHARF. + + Hall & Fairweather + Heirs John Walker + John Wishart + W A Robertson + + +DISBROW'S WHARF. + + Magee Bros. + +WATER STREET. + + Sarah A and Jane Tisdale + Wm B Jack + W W Turnbull + James Harris & Co + G Carvill + The City (3) + Henry Brennan + W A Robertson + Mrs Louisa Hanford (2) + Alex Keith (2) + James E Holstead + Henry Vaughan + Archibald Rowan + Bank of New Brunswick + Heirs E Stephens (2) + Heirs Richard Sands + Heirs Andrew Hastings + B R Lawrence + B S & H Gilbert + Allan Brothers + James Ferrie + Heirs John Walker, (3) + Magee Bros + Chas Merritt (4) + J & R Reed (2) + Geo McLeod + Heirs Wm McKay + Norris Best + Heirs G L Lovitt + Geo G and Thos Chubb, + Thos Furlong + Stephen Whittaker + Heirs Wm Parks + Heirs J M Robinson + + +MARKET SQUARE. + + Heirs J M Walker + Heirs John Wilmot + Daniel & Boyd + Heirs Thomas Merritt + J N McManus + J. Melick + Richard Thompson + + +PRINCE WILLIAM STREET. + + Ed Sears + The City (4) + Henry McCullough + Maritime Bank + Heirs John Gillis + Mrs. John Kinnear + Isaac Burpee + Heirs John Ennis + Heirs Noah Disbrow + Heirs S Nichols (2) + John Armstrong + L H Vaughan + J L Dunn + John Anderson + J & A McMillan + Heirs of J M Walker + F A Wiggins + Heirs Jane Boyd + Bank of Nova Scotia + Maria S Bayard + A B Barnes + Heirs Geo. L. Lovitt + Hugh Davidson + Nathan Green + Susan and Phoebe Purdy + Mrs John McIntyre + Patrick McArdle + Wm Cotter (2) + Heirs F Ferguson + T F Raymond + Thos McAvity + Heirs Thomas Pettingill + Heirs James Pettingill + Heirs Ed Finnegan + Robt S Hyke + John Foster (2) + John McCoskery + Moses Lawrence + Chas King + Geo A Freeze + Robt Pengilly + Heirs Thomas Reed + Heirs Wm McFadden + C E Robinson + C E Harding + Joggins Coal Mining Association + W H Hatheway + Wm Blizzard + Heirs Wm McKay + Rev Wm Scovil + J J Kaye + Dominion of Canada (2) + Hanford Estate (2) + P Morrissey + Wm Finn + Ann Thomas + John Tilton + Henry Vaughan and heirs Simonds & Vaughan + Ellis & Armstrong + Chas Merritt (3) + Charlotte Gibbons + Bank of New Brunswick + Heirs H Chubb (4) + Heirs Ambrose Perkins + Heirs Wm Major + Heirs J M Walker + Rich S & J S Boes DeVeber + Jessie H Nickerson + Alex Jardine + Heirs Richard Sands + John Hegan + Heirs John Hastings + Robt Douglas + Heirs Benjamin Longmuir + Daniel & Boyd + + +CANTERBURY STREET. + + W G Lawton + John Vassie + A G Bowes + Jas O'Connor + Heirs W H Owens + Sarah Owens + A R Wetmore + Jas Walker + Willis & Mott + North British and Mercantile Insurance Co + Thos R Jones (3) + Geo V Nowlin + Geo. Moore + Heirs D J McLaughlin + + +GERMAIN STREET. + + Heirs John Ward (2) + Heirs W Tisdale + Jas E White + Rector and Wardens Trinity Church + John A Anderson + D J McLaughlin, Jr (2) + Ed Sears (2) + Trustees Wesleyan Methodist Church (2) + Trustees St John Grammar School (2) + Trustees St Andrew's Kirk + Victoria Hotel + Otis Small and Moses Lawrence + Heirs Edwin Bayard + H R Ranney + John McMillan (2) + Heirs Robertson Bayard + Heirs Sam'l Seeds (3) + Trustees Home for the Aged + Trustees Germain Street Baptist Church (2) + John Harding (2) + John Chaloner + Mrs Duncan Robertson + Heirs Wm Hammond (3) + Wm Thomas + W C Perley + Chas Phillips + Heirs G E S Keator + Jas Miller (2) + Caleb Larkins + Heirs Donald Cameron + Wm J Stevens + Heirs Alex Balloch + Mrs Samuel Seeds + J W Climo + Chas R Ray + J R Ruel + Mrs H Johnston + Heirs Thos Parks (2) + Heirs Ed Ketchum + Heirs Lachlan Donaldson (2) + Wm Bayard + Alex Sime + Jos Bullock + Jas Lawton + Wm Davidson + Academy of Music Co + Wm Breeze + J C Hatheway + Geo V Nowlin (3) + Heirs Dan Leavitt + James H Peters (4) + Trustees Mrs Alexander + Robt Robertson + Heirs D J McLaughlin + S K Foster (3) + + +CHARLOTTE STREET. + + Chas Merritt + John Holden + James Vernon + Dr L McLaren + Dr John Berryman + Mary L Wheeler + P Doherty + James Mason + Mrs T Coughlan + S Corbitt + S Hayward + Mary A and heirs Samuel Crawford + Eliza Chapman + Johannah Dacey and heirs + Timothy Dacey + Thos Welly + John Farren + Heirs Benj Longmuir + Heirs Francis McAvenney + Heirs Wm Potts + C E Harding + Pugsley, Crawford & Pugsley + Wm Breeze + R P McGivern + Jas Vernon + Agnes Stewart (2 houses) + John Marvin + S Smith + John Watson + Charlotte Stevens + T McAvity (2) + W McDermott + Alexander and heirs R Jardine + Maritime Sewing Machine Co + A McDermott + J Fisher, Sr + J McGivern + Dominion of Canada + John Sandall + J D McAvity + H Duffell + Mary and heirs Peter Fleming (2) + M Flood + Kate Mulherrin + H Maxwell (3) + Wm White + W H Harrison + John Fielders + Wm McAuley + Jane Murray + Eliza McLaughlin + Louisa Hanford + John D Devoe (3) + Nancy Hazen + Ann D Thompson + James Williams + Wm Davidson + Mary Earley + Mrs Fred James + P Besnard Sr + Geo Stockford + John Lawson + John Nugent + D Mullin + Rev A Wood + James H Pullen + John Berryman Sr (3) + J O Miller + Jas Langell + Corporation Trinity Church (3) + G Prescott (3) + J Guthrie and B Hevenor + G Williams + J D Gaynor (2) + John Winters (2) + + +SYDNEY STREET. + + Dr Travers + W J B Marter (2) + T C Humbert + John McBrine + Roman Catholic Bishop (3) + Geo V Nowlin (2) + Ed McAleer + E Kinsman + Trustees Reformed Presbyterian Church + W S Marvin + William Davidson + John Anderson + Susan Dobson + William Meneally + George J Coster + R Gregory + M Flood + J R Armstrong + Wm Wedderburn + N Best + H Thomas + John Murray + J Knox + Wm Burns (2) + Robt McKay + E M S Stewart (3) + Wm Vassie + T W Peters + E L Perkins + R Rolston + Sarah McRory + John Carney + Alex Kearns + Ellen Mooney + Coldwell Howard + Jas Lemon + Sarah Taylor + Elizabeth Robbins (2) + J D Vanwart + Ann Wane (2) + Dominion of Canada + John McAnulty + Alex McDermott + Mary Clark and heirs + John Clark + C Longstroth + R W Crookshanks + E L Perkins + Chas Hillan + S K F James + Margt Maloney + W Morrison + M McAleer (2) + S J Lauckner + J Milligan (2) + John Gray + Trustees St David's Church + E Richey + Rebecca Schoular and heirs + David Marshall + L S Currie + James Vernon (2) + Wm B Aitkin + Robt McIntyre & Co + J L Taylor + D J Laughlan + Henry Jack + + +HORSFIELD STREET. + + J H Pullen + Mrs W McKay (2) + P Besnard (2) + John Lowe (2) + Ellen McAvenney + John Nugent (2) + Sophia McLean + Mary Durant + Thos Bedell + Catherine Noyes + M Perry + Knox & Thompson + W Breeze + + +HARDING STREET. + + R Carleton + Mary Donahey + Sarah Gillis (2) + John Wilson (2) + Mary Richard + Neil Morrison + Geo Henderson + James O'Connor (3) + Wm McDermott (2) + Heirs J W Young (2) + + +PAGAN PLACE. + + Joseph Sulis + Louisa Donald + Mrs Emma Allison + A L Palmer + Moses Lawrence (2) + R Leonard + Chas S Taylor + S G Blizard + + +ST. ANDREW'S STREET. + + T W Peters (2) + R Gaskin + H Aldbone + John Kee (2) + James Gilmour + James Ritchey + John Ritchie + James Sterling (2) + John Wishart + Margaret Suffren + E Woodley + John McCaffery + Robert Wetsell + + +CARMARTHEN STREET. + + Ann Cronin + Elizabeth and Samuel Gardner + Heirs Aaron Eaton (3) + H A Austin + George E King + Charles Barnes + Mary A Ward + E E Lockhart + James Adams (3) + J D Lorimer + Samuel Ferguson (2) + Geo P Johnston (3) + Hugh Bell + Catherine Bonnell + James Hill (2) + W D Carron + James Muldoon + Gas Light Co. + Trustees Methodist Church + Trustees Orphan Asylum + Margaret O'Neil (2) + James McKinney + James Crockford + Mary Ann Pointer + Daniel Smith + John Kirk (2) + Samuel Dunham (two) + Alex Steen + S Scribner + Daniel Doyle + Mary Doyle + John Kirkpatrick + -- Smith + H S Normansell + Jane Carson + Catherine Nagle + R Evans + John Richey + Thomas Rankine + Thomas Doyle + John Wilson + Chas McLean + J Henderson + H Henderson + Rev J R Narraway + Andrew Kenney + L H Waterhouse + Wm Nixon + D Driscoll + R Wetsell + George Sparrow & J S Richardson + Wm Finley + + +WENTWORTH STREET. + + E E Lockhart + Thos Dobson + G Sparrow + George Blatch + C Sparrow (2) + J W Fleming + H Whiteside + John Fitzpatrick + H Coffey + M Barnes + C Flaherty + C E Sulis + B P Price (3) + James Moulson (2) + John A Anderson + B McDermott + R B Emerson + J T Barnes + George Doherty (2) + C Cathers (2) + Alex Steen + William Hill (2) + Knox and Thompson (4) + John Carr + + +MAIN STREET. + + John E Turnbull (4) + John Woodley + J G Jordan + A Steen (2) + J Tole + James O'Brien + Wm Bowden + Wm Coxetter & Michael Tucker + T M Reed + Sarah L Collins (2) + D McDermott + P Vanhorn + James Mahoney (3) + James Moulson + Jane Halcrow + L Markie + G J Sulis (2) + Wm Lewis + J & R Magee + J W Nicholson + G R Bent (2) + A L Rawlins + D Knight + F Mahoney + Ed Thurmott + Wm McKinney + Archibald Dibblee + George Thomas + John Guthrie + Mary Ann Ratcliff + James McKinney + O V Troop + Rector and Wardens St James' Church + C Langstroth + Andrew Armstrong + + +BRITAIN STREET. + + Sarah McFadden + Jane Barbour + John Collins + John Scott + H Spears + Thos Miller + Thos McCullough + Thos Crozier + Jas Price + Wm J Colson + P McGonagle + C Larkins + H W Purdy + E Murray + Heirs D Hatfield + Jas McAvity + Wm Furlong + John Abbott + John Bartlett + Albert Peters + Mrs O'Keefe + Geo Garraty + B Coxetter + E Thompson + Margaret McPartland + F Stewart + D Jordan (2) + Wm Ennis + Jas Nicholson + Robt Barbour + Albert Betts + W H Purdy + C Merritt (3) + Geo W Belyea + J Jardine + Jas Gorman + J Moore (2) + Lawrence McMann (2) + J Packthall + F M Hancock + C J Ward + Mrs Jas Bell + W H Hatheway + John Hutchinson + Peter Besnard, Sr (3) + R Johnston (2) + J Hayes + Neil Hoyt + N Carroll + M Barnes + Heirs L H DeVeber (2) + F Pheasant + A Doyle + R Dalton + W J Pratt + D Robinson + W A Magee + S McGarvey + Bridget Murphy + Thos Bisset + Bridget Farren + J George + Ed Duffy + J E Turnbull (2) + E Thompson (2) + John Moran (2) + John Crowley + W H Quinn (3) + F S Williams (2) + John Wishart + D J Schurman + Mary McCurdy + H Maxwell + S G Blizard + Thos Robinson + + +ST. JAMES STREET. + + O Cline + R Cline + J Kemp + John Bridges + W I Whiting + J McLarren + E Thompson + Patk McManus + Wm Leahy + S Rutherford + John Doody + John Sherrard + John Knowles + John Sears (3) + C Cain + Wm Furlong (2) + Bridget Murphy + John Watson + Thomas Viall + Geo Young + Jas Ellis + E L Perkins (2) + Wm Simpson + Alice McKean + P McGonagal + M Burk + Mrs Thos Hanlon + Samuel Fisher + Eliza Wilson + John Wilson, jr + J & A Campbell + D Sullivan + R Holmes + C Moriarty + John Runciman + Robt J Caldwell + W Casey + School Trustees + Rev William Scovil + John Fisher + John Cain + Rev Wm Scovil and Trustees of Wiggins' Orphan Asylum + J Drake + Wm Duffell + Thos White + Thos Pike + F P Robinson + John Winters + Jas Price + Wm Gilfillan + Jane White (2) + Wm Russell + Mrs David Millar + Heirs Thos King + P Condon + Jos Akroyd + David Stewart + Patrick Ferrie + Chas Osburn + Elizabeth Spence + Rev M Ritchey + Thos Kedey + Wm Lewis (3) + M Flood + John Wishart + John S Mullin + John Littler + Heirs Daniel Hatfield + Heirs F Dibblee + Purdy heirs + B Coxetter + T G Merritt + Heirs R Sands + Caleb Larkins + T F Raymond + Mrs Francis Clementson + D J Schurman + Thos Littlejohn + Chas Sinclair + John Callaghan + T M Reed + + +PITT STREET. + + Silas H Brown + Henry Lawlor + James Cummings + F Jordan + Rebecca Fisher + Ed K Fisher + D S Robinson + James Hewitt + C Lawton (2) + + +SHEFFIELD STREET. + + Gilbert estate + Matthew Thompson (2) + James Carr + E Vanhorn + James Brown + Heirs Geo McKelvie (2) + John A Anderson + R Robertson + Margaret Hennigar + Joseph Kimpson + Ferguson & Rankine (2) + Y M C Association + M McVane (2) + Robert Cunniff + John Kirk + Alex Harvey + Jane Wasson + Mrs. P. Riley + J H Anthony + John McCabe (2) + John Woodburn + C O'Keefe + Richd McCluskey + John Fisher + A McDermott + Purves & Moore + J Drake + E Magee + John Porter + Rector and Wardens St James' Church + Stephen & James Oakes + S Dunham + Mary Ann Pointer + Catherine O'Neal (2) + Daniel Smith + Joseph McCullough + McKelvey heirs + Trustees Methodist Church + David Dodge + Elizabeth Nixon + Lewis Wheaton + Geo Anning + Joseph Sulis + Jas Vanhorn + + +QUEEN SQUARE. + + Thos Furlong + Isaac Woodward + John Boyd + Geo B Cushing + R Cruikshanks + A L Palmer + Jas Manson (2) + W B Smith + John Horn + J W Barnes + D Robertson (2) + Mrs Charles Brown and heirs of Chas Brown + John Stewart + F. Tufts + John Tucker + H. Jack + E. L. Jewett. + + +QUEEN STREET. + + John Foster + R Longmaid + Thos P Davies + H. Hawkins + Jessie Day + Mrs Alex Dalsell + J H Harding + J U Thomas + Joseph Sulis + Geo Riley and heirs + Robt Riley (2) + J O'Connell + Wm Davis and heirs + John McNichol + Mary Bersay + John R McFarlane + James McCart (2) + Ed Edson + Mrs Jane McPherson + Heirs John Thomas + Hugh Kelly + S Benterell + John Hamilton + Margaret Homer + Heirs John Roberts + Geo S Fisher + Robt Turner + John McBrine (2) + R Cassidy (2) + Thos Jordan + D. S. Kerr + John Pettingill + C Flood (2) + Geo Suffren + Chas E Raymond + John Fitzpatrick + James Gallagher + Geo J. Nixon + A. Quick + Heirs R Bayard + R J Leonard + G F Soley (2) + Alex Steen + Hugh Carswell + Mrs John Millidge + H S Normansell + Heirs John Whitne + John Wilson, jr + John Wilson (2) + Margaret and heirs Joseph Hanley (2) + Thos Doyle + Andrew Evans + Robt Marshall + Wm Black + F M Hancock + Alex McKelvy + Wm Pike (2) + Heirs D J McLaughlin + J McFarlane + Thomas McAvity, jr + Robt Hickson + M Francis + D Brown + Mary Crothers and heirs John Crothers + Ann Thomas + Andrew Keohan + Mary Williams + John Scallon (2) + Simon Leonard + + +MECKLENBURG STREET. + + Jas Hutchinson and heirs Jos Stevenson (2) + Richard Longmaid + H Vaughan + John Vassie + Chas Maclean + Heirs James Whitney + Margaret Hillman + C McIver + Chas Whitney + John Dyers + Mary Dockrill + W M Jordan + Jas Emerson + Jas McNicholl + Heirs Joseph Atkins + Mary Ann McLean + F L Lewin + T W Seeds + Benj Dodge + John Ennis + John Dick + James Woodstock + Phoebe Bookhout + Martin Burns + Edward Purchase + Thos Dobson + Ann Atkins + Jas Knox + Francis Gallagher + Mathew Steen + Wm Causey + Geo V Nowlin + Andrew Armstrong + W McVay + Wm McKeel + Heirs Aaron Eaton + John Magee + William Magee + J. W Nicholson + J R Armstrong + + +DUKE STREET. + + P McArdle + Peter Flannigan + Mrs Francis Ferguson (2) + Joseph Bell + John McSorley (3) + Heirs R Bayard (2) + A Blain + Peter Besnard (3) + Mrs Livingstone + Mrs W Fraser + John Marven + S Tufts + J Shannon + O Bailey + Trustees Madras School + Seely & Besnard + R W Crookshank + Susan Stephenson + B Brennan (2) + Robt Thomson (2) + Samuel Gardner + Andrew Gilmour + R Robertson, jr + S K Brundage + Joseph Henderson + H Henderson + Wm H Randall + Wm McBay + J Wilkins, sen + J Wilkins, jr + Wm Francis + James Adams + Mrs Gilchrist + James Saunders + Wm Whitney + Sarah Partelow + Ed Purchase (2) + Robt S Jones + Geo Sparrow + Mary Ann McLean (2) + M Morrison + Charlotte Jones + Michael Burns + P Bushfan + William Wright + Heirs William Melody + Margaret Hartness + E Burnside + Howard D. Troop + John Marven + John Cook + James Adams + Sarah Ferguson + Heirs Edward Brundage (2) + W Stephens + Jacob Seely + Trustees Christian Church + John Wishart + L A Waterhouse + James Milligan + Sarah Jane Ferguson + George A Thompson + John Richards + W F Butt + Arthur Daniel (2) + Heirs Daniel Culbert + James Vernon + Mrs. Earley + Sarah Gillis + J. O'Connell + Peter Dearness + Heirs Michael McGuirk (2) + Ann Jane Ritchie + Geo Stockford + Caroline Wood + Hugh Davidson + Susan Chittick (2) + J & R Reed + + +ORANGE STREET. + + Wm Meneally + John Smith + Andrew Gray + M. Hennigar (2) + Andrew Kinney (2) + Jas Adams + W R MacKenzie + D G MacKenzie + W E Vroom + G E King + H D Troop + C W Weldon + A C Smith + R R Sneden + E J Barteaux + Joseph Prichard (4) + Jane Cook + James McLean + Catherine Allen + Thomas Johnston + Henry Lawlor + B Murphy + James E Whittaker + J R Woodburn + Z G Gabel + James Estey + Charles Drury + Emma J Daley + John Sweeney + J W Hall + G McLeod + J A Venning + R Blair + Margaret Sinnott + Heirs R McAfee + Heirs Wm Bailey + James Morrison + Heirs P Williams + + +PRINCESS STREET. + + Alexander Barnhill + W J Ritchie + E Thompson + Patrick Bradley + J C Hatheway + E Sears + P Fitzpatrick + Wm Burtis + A Buist + Jas Hunter + Knox & Thompson + John Burk + J H Lee, + Thos Rogers + John Anderson (2) + John Murphy + B Bustin + G Bent + Margaret Hunter + John Nugent + Mary Craig + James H Bartlett + Mrs David Miller + Thos Miller + James Bustin + Fred Dorman + O Doherty + Adam Young + C E Robinson + John Healey + John Gardner + Mrs Mary A & E E Lockhart (2) + Heirs of Geo A Lockhart + R W Thorne + H Williams + W Sandall + Robert McAndrews + James Robinson + Susan and heirs J Johnston + Ann Hamilton and heirs Clara Dean + William Fogg + Mary Ann Ellsworth + J V Troop + Simeon Jones + Alex Lockhart + Trustees Centenary Church (2) + Heirs John Mason + Heirs Thomas P Williams + W C Drury + J A Godsoe + D W Scammell + G Henderson + A W Whitney + T D Wilson + Mrs Ellen Smith + John Doherty + Trustees J S Turner + Thomas Bustin + P Halpin + B Paterson + Barbara Clark + W C Godsoe + James Trueman + Ed Willis + Joseph Miller + Robert Law + Geo Thomas + Judge Watters + Benj Lowe + H A Hatheway (2) + Harriet Trueman + W Walton + Geo Mathews (2) + S A Dixon + E M Merritt + Michael Thompson (2) + Rev Alex McL Stavely + H S Gregory + Helen York and Captain Thos York + John Anderson + Jas Sullivan + Geo F Thompson + J J Munro + J E Ganong + T G Merritt + Jane Woods + John Burke + Mrs Jas Drake + G C Wiggins + W H Hayward + M. N Powers + Catherine and heirs Michael Donnelly + F A Wiggins + Rev Mr McCarty + Trustees James Leitch + Charles Patton + + +LEINSTER STREET. + + F Cassidy + James Milligan + Lydia Gardner (2) + Joseph Edgar + Mrs Wallace + Mrs Samuel Bustin + Trustees of Baptist Church + Jane Rutherford + H L Francis + Mary Murray + Francis McDevitt + Trustees Varley School + Mrs E Lunt and heirs + Jos Lunt + A W Masters + Silas H Brown + James Sullivan + Mrs Lydia J Calhoun + Joseph Reed + W H & D Hayward + A H Eaton + John Corr + S K Foster + John Gallagher + Dennis Sullivan + Heirs Wm Bailey + Francis Hewitt (2) + John Roop (2) + Geo W Masters + G V Nowlin + Chas H Dearborn + G Merritt + Gilbert Murdoch + T C Humbert + John McBrine (2) + + +CHURCH STREET. + + G A Knodell + M Thompson + Geo Pattison + Thos S Wetmore + James H Peters + Mrs Jane Disbrow + Ellen Mahoney + Ed Maher + A Bowes + R T Clinch and heirs E Barlow + + +KING SQUARE. + + C M Bostwick + C Merritt + Trustees Irish Friendly Society + Heirs B Ansley + R Milligan + C A Robertson + + +KING STREET. + + Mrs John Gillis + Heirs John Gillis + James Manson + R T Clinch and heirs E Barlow + D J McLaughlin and heirs Daniel McLaughlin + S E Whittaker + James E Whittaker + Geo A Barker + Mrs Geo Taylor + John Dougherty + Heirs Wm Melick + Mrs John Hay + John Fisher + Wm Kennedy + Corporation of Trinity Church + Thos H Hall (2) + Samuel Schofield + Thomas Seely + Ann Howe + John Mitchell + Mary Piddler + Wm Peters + Heirs H Chubb + Joseph Nichols + James R Ruel & Robert Light + Mrs Chas C Macdonald (3) + Jos W Hall (2) + W H Scovil + R T Clinch and heirs E Barlow + + +UNION STREET. + + J C Brown estate + Peter and John Campbell + Daniel Donovan + Mrs Lantalum (2) + J W Hall (2) + John Gallivan + John McSweeny (3) + Heirs D J McLaughlin + C Lawton + James Dever + J Fred Lawton + L Burns + J Hegan + John Lloyd + Hare heirs + Mrs John Bryden + John Higgins + A Richardson + A Yeats & Sons (3) + J & T Robinson (2) + + + + +CHAPTER XVII. + + The losses of the Masonic Fraternity.--Great Destruction of Masonic + Regalia and Paraphernalia.--Organization of the General Masonic + Board of Relief.--Amount received in Aid of the Suffering Brethren. + + +The losses of the Masonic fraternity have been computed, and found to be +much greater than was at first supposed. The private lodges saved +nothing, and all their warrants, banners, jewels, clothing, and other +paraphernalia were lost. Some of them even did not rescue their seals; +and Hibernia, Union Lodge of Portland, and New Brunswick Lodge, lost +their records. The Union Lodge of Portland was a heavy loser. Her loss +amounts to $1,250; Albion, No. 1, $850; St. John's, No. 2, about $600; +Leinster, No. 9, and New Brunswick, No. 22, foot up to $750 each; and +Hibernia, No. 3, to $850. + +The Chapters have also fared badly. Carleton Royal Arch Chapter, formed +in 1802, lost the seal and $1,150 worth of property; while New Brunswick +Chapter meets with a loss of $1,475. + +There were two Encampments which met in Masonic Hall. St. John +Encampment not only lost $2,300 worth of property, which included the +rich regalia of the order, the jewels, banners, charters, and general +paraphernalia, but also the seal of the Encampment, and the regalia in +the armory, which was owned by the private members. This latter +consisted for the most part, of the chapeaux, swords, belts, gauntlets, +baldrics, aprons, etc., usually worn by the Sir Knights when on parade +and other duty. Hardly a member of the organization saved his masonic +clothing. The regalia of this body was especially gorgeous in character, +and no better dressed organization, before the fire, existed anywhere. +The Union De Molay Encampment experienced the same loss of general +wardrobe and appliances. Their loss reaches upwards of two thousand +dollars. The bodies of the Ancient and Accepted Rite lost everything but +the records. The Royal Order of Scotland--a very select body,--saved +their records only; the entire paraphernalia and regalia were lost. All +the furniture and furnishings, the organ, etc., belonging to the General +Hall Committee of the body, with all the paintings, photographs, and +engravings, were destroyed with the rest. + +Only the regalia and records, and full register of members belonging to +the Grand Lodge were saved. The magnificent library of over four hundred +volumes, many of them rare and scarce, and the most complete thing of +the kind in the Dominion, was burned. In the work of collecting these +books, the Grand Secretary, W. F. Bunting, Esq., spent many years; and +the destruction of the noble volumes is a serious and irreparable loss +to Freemasonry; many of the books destroyed can never be replaced. +Besides this, a good many were of incalculable value, on account of +certain associations connected with them, and each one had a little +history of its own. Some of them were presentation volumes, others again +were out of print, and not a few were high-priced modern text-books, +especially valuable to the masonic student. All the blank forms and +certificates, fyles of documents and books of constitutions, and all +copies of printed proceedings were swept away in the common ruin. Grand +Lodge has suffered severely, and her total loss above insurance cannot +be less than one thousand dollars; while the loss she has met with which +money cannot replace is enormous. Even Carleton Union Lodge, which met +on the other side of the harbour, did not escape. Her beautiful banners, +which she had lent St. John Encampment at the time of the late ball, +were in the lodge room when the fire was sweeping all before it, and +they were consequently burned. + +The walls of the Lodge-room were always tastefully decorated with well +executed engravings on Masonic subjects. These all perished, as well as +the handsome auto-type of H. R. H. the Prince of Wales in full Masonic +regalia, which was presented to the craft last year, by Thomas Furlong, +Esq., and which was greatly admired. An oil painting of P. G. M. +Balloch, by Holman, in full Masonic clothing, which hung near the +Master's Chair, and a fine picture in oil of "The Ascension," by Dr. T. +A. D. Forster, formerly of St. John, were burned along with everything +else. Indeed the fraternity will find it impossible to replace a tithe +of the useful and ornamental things with which it was surrounded. The +order in this city was well equipped, and amply provided with +everything. + +Notwithstanding, however, that they had suffered so largely themselves, +publicly and privately, as individuals and as masons, the leading +members of the fraternity at once organized a board of relief and +proceeded to care for the wants of the brethren who had met with +reverses. The general masonic board of relief is a special organization +which grew out of the present calamity, and is separate and distinct +from the regular or ordinary relief board of the city. It is composed of +city members of the Board of General Purposes of the Grand Lodge, and +the presiding officers of all the Masonic bodies of the city. Grand +Master R. T. Clinch is Chairman, Grand Treasurer Jas McNichol, Jr., is +Treasurer, and Grand Secretary William F. Bunting is Secretary of the +board. R. W. Bro. Edwin J. Wetmore is clerk, and has charge of the +office and attends daily from three to five o'clock in the afternoon, to +receive applications from brethren in distress. The board meets every +day, in the office rented for the purpose, from four to five o'clock to +consider applications and grant such relief as they deem advisable. In +the administration of the fund at their disposal the board exercises +great discretion and discrimination. Not only are brethren of the craft +helped, but the hearts of their widows and orphans are made glad. Often +the board does not wait for a distressed brother to make application for +relief, but other means are taken to find out his necessities and aid is +sent to him whenever this can be ascertained. All benefits are granted +in money, and range from sums of twenty to fifty dollars, payable by +check signed always by the treasurer, and one other officer of the +board. As soon as money is received it is deposited in the Bank of +British North America, in the names of the Chairman, Treasurer and +Secretary. The system works admirably and already a great amount of +good, in really necessitous cases, has been done. The gentlemen at the +head of the board are men of sterling character and reputation, and any +funds placed in their hands are judiciously and properly disbursed. +Every provision is being made for the coming winter months, when it is +expected that sore distress will prevail in the city, and with this in +view the board feel the necessity of having a good fund at their +disposal to meet the wants of worthy but unfortunate members of the +fraternity. Thus far the craft abroad have responded to the needs of the +suffering brethren quite liberally. Up to late date these sums have been +received: + + From Craft in Chicago, Ill. $930 00 + " Grand Lodge of Canada 1,000 00 + " " " Illinois 237 75 + " Craft in Charlottetown, P. E. I. 300 00 + " " Newfoundland 336 44 + " Masonic Relief Board, Memphis, Tenn. 94 75 + " St. Andrew's Lodge, Bangor, Me. 95 00 + " St. John's Lodge, Bathurst, N. B. 50 00 + " Star in the East Lodge, Oldtown, Me. 66 50 + " Alexandria Lodge, St. Mary's, York Co., N. B. 20 00 + + + + +CHAPTER XVIII. + + The Destruction--The Loss--Estimates--The Acreage and + Streetage--Has the Land Decreased in Value?--Incomes swept + away--What is Left--Hope!--The Insurance--The Corporation + Loss--The Dominion Loss--Additional Deaths--The Wounded--The + Orange Body. + + +In forming an estimate of the destruction which the fire has caused +great care has been exercised. I have been careful to verify every +statement I advance. Thoroughly competent engineers have, at my request, +re-surveyed the area through which the fire raged, and I am therefore in +a position to give reliable information on a subject which has given +rise to much speculation and doubt. The acreage has been taken and the +streetage made and the result has shown that the fire destroyed two +hundred acres of territory and nine and six-tenths miles of streets. To +be more exact the acreage is not quite two hundred acres but so very +near it that it may be accepted at that estimate. Not more than +two-fifths of the city have been burned and the reader will see the +truth of this when he comes to consider that Carleton which forms a part +of this city has been untouched by the flames, and all the upper portion +of the city has escaped. While the acreage and streetage shew that the +city is not totally destroyed, yet what has been burned represented +enormous value. The fire penetrated to the very heart of the great +commercial centre of St. John. It laid waste the fairest portion of the +city. It swept away the palace-houses of our wealthy people and +destroyed nearly every public building in the place. When one considers +all these circumstances and begins to realize the situation, he is apt +to form too high an estimate of the loss. He looks around him while +going about surveying the ruins, and on every side he sees the great +waste and the figures forming in his head grow larger and larger as he +proceeds to sum up the result of the sad fire. Every man has his own +opinion, and it is curious to observe how widely diversified these +opinions are. The cautious man places it at fifteen millions, and his +hot blooded and visionary friend with equal show of reason estimates the +loss at nearly fifty millions. The estimate ranges widely and wildly. +The books of the assessors on examination show a loss to property of +much less value than even the owners put upon it before the fire. But +one can see how fallacious these results are, when the reader learns +that in making up the assessments the assessors value a merchant's stock +at not what it is, but what in their opinion they think it should be. +For instance, a man has three hundred thousand dollars worth of stock in +warehouse. He really owns about fifty thousand dollars worth and owes +for the balance. He is not taxed on his debts but on what he is worth. +Yet the fire carried away the sum total of the goods in his possession. +The assessors' books show hardly a tithe of the actual value of the +loss. It can only be correctly stated after a thorough examination, and +as nearly as can be ascertained the entire destruction throughout the +city reaches upwards of twenty-seven millions of dollars. This is the +loss in solid value. But that much money will not replace the goods +thus destroyed. There were many things burned which were of what might +be called fancy value, and which money can in no way replace. And in +making our estimate these things have been valued only nominally. The +loss, therefore, in round figures, is not a whit below the amount we +have given, $27,000,000. The talk about taxable property is all +nonsense. Every man who says so, knows that he is talking nonsense. +Hardly a man lives to-day who is taxed in the proportion that he should +be. The richer a man is, the more easily he can hide his wealth, and an +examination of the assessment books will enable any reader to find a +hundred examples in proof of this. Another argument is brought forward. +We are told that the land is not burned up, and in that land there is +great value. That is true enough, every word of it. The land is not +burned out of existence. It is still where it was, but it is by no means +as valuable as it was before the fire. A thousand circumstances were +brought to bear on it, locality, desirability, and necessity, and all +these had an influence in enhancing its value. Most of these reasons, +and cogent reasons they were too at the time, have now gone out with the +fire. Men who thought they must have a piece of land because it was in a +good situation, and because it was located near their own lots, were +ready to buy what they wanted at a good price, often merely to carry out +some hobby or idea paramount in their minds. But these ideas have +vanished. This hobby can be ridden no longer. He can have the lot now if +he wants it, at a good deal lower rate than he offered for it, but he +can't afford it. The owner's means are swept away, and he cannot afford +to build again, and is anxious to sell his land, that he can go and rent +a house to live in. The land in almost every part of the burnt district +will drop, and has already dropped, in value. It is still there, and so +it was there a hundred years ago. It is more valuable now than it was +then. I don't pretend to say that we are no better off than when the +loyalists landed, for we are. Our roads are laid out; our people are +thrifty, enterprising, and skilful. The greater portion of the city is +still intact. We have a splendid system of water supply and sewerage. We +have, or, will have very soon, gas burning again. We will have comforts +once more. But what I do mean to say is, that it will take very many +years to build the city up again as it was before the fire. It will take +very many years to enable the land-owner to realize anything like the +price he once commanded for his property. Of course, in the leading +business streets there will be but little difference, though it will be +felt in a good many quarters. Take some portions of King and Prince +William streets, for example. Some men realized a snug income from the +rental of the shanties which were erected on good business sites in +these streets. They owned the land, and the shanties were theirs. Their +whole income came from this source. Their wooden buildings yielded them +a far more handsome return for their outlay than many of the massive +brick buildings near them did to their owners. Why was this? Simply +because they were in a good locality. These shanties are now level with +the earth. The revenue is swept away. These men own the land, but their +means are gone. They cannot rebuild. If they did, the rent they would +receive would be far less than the rookeries yielded, and they must sell +their property or mortgage it. The land has lost a great deal of its +value, and it will take a long time for it to regain that loss. We must +look these things boldly and seriously in the face. No reflection is +made on the people when these statements are advanced. No more +enterprising populace lives than the people of St. John. Many are used +to hard work. They have hewn out of the solid rock one of the most +beautiful cities in the Dominion. They have met a thousand obstacles in +their path, and they have swept them all aside. And they will ride over +their calamity and begin again the hard road upward. They will rebuild +the city once more, and plant bright things where ruin and despair now +stand, but we must not flatter ourselves that we have lost nothing, and +that our land has not deteriorated in value. It is as wrong to be over +sanguine as it is to give way to gloom and do nothing to better our +misfortunes. We must work with determination and lose no time. We must +show the world--that kind world which has fed the mouths of our poor and +clothed the unfortunate--that there is backbone and muscle still left in +the city, and that while we have men to work we have no women to weep. +It might have been worse. We have lost lives, we have lost all our +buildings--we have lost everything that goes to make home happy, +cheerful and bright--we have lost our stores and shops--we have lost +a hundred comforts--but, thank God, we have not lost our glorious hope +in the future. In that hope is our salvation. It is that hope which +stirs us on, which quickens our energy, which tells us that it might +truly have been worse. It is the one beautiful thing that is left to us. +It is the angel which smiles back to us when we raise our eyes upward. +It is the figure in the cloud which says to prostrate man, "Rouse, rouse +yourself! all is not lost, there is a future for you all." Ah, yes, it +might have been worse. There is desolation all around--there is death in +many households--there is mourning and crying and moaning--but hope +still sailing grandly near us, so near that we can almost touch her, +still smiling sweetly on us, tells us all will yet be well and bids us +be of good cheer. + +The number of houses burned on the several streets in the city, is +sixteen hundred and twelve. They were located as follows: + + Georges Street 10 + Mill Street 20 + Drury Lane 17 + Smyth Street 20 + North Street 5 + North Market Slip 8 + Hare's Wharf 1 + Robertson Place 1 + Fire Proof Alley 2 + North Market Wharf 11 + Nelson Street 18 + Dock Street 26 + Market Square 6 + South Market Wharf 16 + Ward Street 10 + Peters' Wharf 11 + Johnston's Wharf 2 + Lovett's Slip 1 + St. John, "Water" Street 51 + Canterbury Street 19 + Prince William Street 95 + Germain Street 87 + Charlotte Street 84 + Sydney Street 75 + Carmarthen Street 59 + Wentworth Street 34 + Pitt Street 38 + Sheffield Street 52 + Main Street 58 + Britain Street 101 + St James Street 98 + Pagan Place 9 + Harding Street 15 + Queen Square, south side 10 + Queen Square, north side 10 + St Andrew Street 17 + Queen Street 80 + Mecklenburg Street 44 + Duke Street 105 + Horsfield Street 17 + Orange Street 42 + Princess Street 106 + Church Street 10 + Leinster Street 45 + King Square, south side 6 + King Street 60 + ----- + Total, 1612 + +The number of people rendered homeless foot up to about thirteen +thousand, and the number of families to about twenty-seven hundred. As +near as can be got, the insurance on merchandise, furniture and +buildings, is placed as follows. This is not quite correct but at this +hour it is as nearly correct as can be ascertained. It will average this +at all events, and amounts in the aggregate to about seven millions of +dollars. + + Queen $700,000 + North British & Mercantile 800,000 + Lancashire 500,000 + Provincial 100,000 + Liverpool, London & Globe 480,000 + Guardian 420,000 + Canada Fire & Marine 50,000 + Citizens 200,000 + National 140,000 + Royal 520,000 + Commercial Union 420,000 + Royal Canadian 350,000 + Western 90,000 + Imperial 480,000 + AEtna 246,000 + Hartford 148,000 + Phenix of Brooklyn 60,000 + British America 27,000 + Stadacona 320,000 + Central, of Fredericton 60,000 + St John Mutual 75,000 + Northern 500,000 + Canada Agricultural 8,000 + +Most of the Insurance Companies paid up at once "The Stadacona" pays +its liabilities within a year. The "Provincial" has suspended but +promises to pay in time and the condition of the "St. John Mutual" is +quite hopeless, and will pay scarcely anything. The "Central" of +Fredericton, N.B., will pay in a short time, it is said. + +The loss to the shipping will amount to about fifty thousand dollars. +The St. John Corporation loses heavily, and the insurance which was held +on some properties is exceedingly light. The City Hall cost, at the time +of its purchase from the directors of the old Commercial Bank, the sum +of $23,000. Since then a good deal of money has been expended on it. The +insurance was only $15,000. The Police Court and station on Chipman's +Hill, which were both burned, the one a wooden building and the other of +brick, had insurance to the small amount of $2,000. The Fish Market, +useful and by no means ornamental, was insured for $600. The Lower Cove +Market, the upper or second story of which contained a public hall, and +was used by temperance societies sometimes, was insured for $1,200. In +the rear of the first floor of this building, a lock-up was situate, for +the accommodation of delinquents and law-breakers in that portion of the +city. The city stables on Carmarthen street were uninsured, as was also +the toll house at the Carleton ferry landing. The building occupied by +Mr. May at Reed's point, and which was owned by the corporation, was +insured for $1,000. Two cottages on Orange street were insured for +$3,000. These were occupied by Mr. A. J. H. Bartsch, the watch-maker, +and by Mr. Chas. Parker. Mr. Samuel Phillips' residence, on Duke +street, and which belonged to the corporation, was insured for $400. The +warehouses on Pettingill's Wharf had insurance to the amount of $5,000. +The barrack and sheds belonging to the city were uninsured. Two-thirds +of the fire alarm was destroyed, and all the watering-carts, slovens, +hose, &c., belonging to the corporation, were burned. No. 1 engine-house +was destroyed. No. 2 experienced a little damage after Dr. Travers' +house caught fire. The sidewalks can only be replaced at a heavy cost, +and the damage to the wharf property is enormously large. + +The Dominion Government loses about half a million dollars. The Custom +House and Post Office will be rebuilt at once, and plans are already +prepared. All the Government military stores were burned, and the three +hundred rifles belonging to the 62nd battalion were lost. Most of the +new uniforms belonging to the corps perished likewise. None of the +Dominion Government's property was insured, and the loss will therefore +be complete. + +The list of callings has been carefully gone over, and shows a return of +the following, who have been burned out:-- + + Architects 4 + Auctioneers 7 + Bakers 11 + Banks 5 + Bankers, Private 4 + Barristers 80 + Blacksmiths 10 + Block and pump makers 8 + Boarding-houses 55 + Boat builders 5 + Bookbinders 5 + Book stores 7 + Boot and shoemakers 38 + Boot and shoe stores 14 + Brass founders 6 + Builders 27 + Cabinet makers 9 + Clothiers 29 + Commission merchants 93 + Confectioners 6 + Dentists 9 + Druggists 8 + Dry goods (wholesale) 14 + Dry goods (retail) 22 + Dining and oyster saloons 10 + Flour dealers 32 + Fruit dealers 7 + Grocers (wholesale) 40 + Grocers (retail) 102 + Gasfitters and plumbers 9 + Hair dressers 13 + Hardware stores 8 + Hotels 14 + Insurance agents 29 + Iron merchants 8 + Liquor dealers (wholesale) 27 + Liquor dealers (retail) 116 + Livery stables 8 + Lumber merchants 12 + Marble works 6 + Merchant tailors 36 + Newspapers 7 + Painters 13 + Photographers 6 + Physicians and surgeons 15 + Printers (job work) 10 + Riggers 7 + Sailmakers 5 + Ship chandlers 14 + Ship smiths 8 + Stove dealers 8 + Tobacconists 7 + Undertakers 4 + Watchmakers and jewellers 12 + +The following list shows the manufacturing establishments, using steam +power, which were destroyed, and gives the number of hands employed in +each:-- + + Name. Business. No. of + hands + employed. + + Jeremiah Drake Block maker 5 + John E. Turnbull Sash factory 18 + Armstrong Bros. Foundry 10 + T. Rankine & Sons Bakery 30 + S. R. Foster & Son Tack manufacturers 50 + W. D. Aitken Machinist 10 + John Norris Auger maker 2 + R. A. Saunders Pattern maker 2 + Wm. Lowe Wood turner 1 + Wm. Smith & Co. Ship-smith 8 + H. Allan Brass foundry 8 + Maxwell, Elliot & Bradley Ship smiths 4 + Dearborn & Co. Coffee and spices 10 + J. Akroyd Machinist 1 + J. Smith Foundry 4 + Geo. F. Thompson White lead man'r 7 + D. McLaughlin & Sons Boiler makers 15 + T. McAvity & Sons Brass manufacturers 16 + Bradley Bros. Block makers -- + Geo. R. Bent Organs -- + +This, and the list above, I use through the permission of Mr. Elder, of +_The Telegraph_, who had them carefully made up from reliable sources. + +In addition to the number of deaths mentioned in one of the earlier +chapters of this book, very large addenda must be made. Since that +chapter was written, a good many more persons are known to have +perished. The list on the death-roll is very large. Mr. Garret Cotter, a +young man, working in the tailoring establishment of Mr. James S. May, +as a cutter, and an old man named Peter McGovern, who lived on Straight +Shore, met their deaths at the same time and at the same place. A +cornice fell from the Adam's building and killed them. Young Cotter +lived in Crown Street with his mother. His father met with a violent +death some years since, having been killed on the railway. Two young men +were drowned in the harbour before the very eyes of horror-stricken +spectators. James Kemp, aged 21, formerly a clerk in Michael Farrel's +clothing store, and Thomas Holmes, a lad of seventeen years, and who +resided in Harding Street with his mother, put out to sea in a small +boat laden with what little property they could get into it. The bottom +of the boat broke, and the craft filling at once, both men were drowned +in a second. The people on vessels in the harbour lying close by the +ill-fated boat, were so excited at what they saw, and the men sank so +rapidly, that nothing could be done to save them, and they perished in +full view of those on board. Kemp leaves a wife and one child. Mrs. +Cohalan, wife of Wm. Cohalan, was lost in Smyth Street. Her body was +never recovered, but it is established beyond all doubt that she fell an +early victim. All that was left of Mrs. Bradley, who once lived in +Princess Street, were some human bones which were found on her door-step +after the fire. The remains of Richard Thomas, an employe in Fred. +Fitzpatrick's warehouse in Nelson Street, were found on the site of +Richard O'Brien's saloon in Germain Street. Robert Fox, who belonged +about the Marsh Road, has been pronounced dead. + +The accidents were very numerous, and were of various degrees of +importance. In the hurry, the names of all persons who suffered by the +fire, and had experienced bruises and fractures, could not be obtained. +Some were sent at once to the Public Hospital, and even here there was +not time to fully record the names of all who were brought in. The +physician in charge, Dr. Hanington, did all in his power to make the +unfortunates comfortable and easy. The matron of the establishment and +other assistants also rendered efficient and prompt aid. The names of +those who were for a while in the Hospital, and received injuries at the +fire are Daniel Dooley, John Ross, Patrick Brady, William Coxetter, +William Donohoe, Helen Davidson, Bayard Thompson, Walter Lamb (injured +at the explosion), Andrew Donovan, Michael Barrett, William Porter, +Jeremiah Sullivan, Thomas Sullivan, Richard Powers, John Anderson and +George Gallagher. The last two men died in the Hospital from the effects +of their wounds. + +The thanks of the people of St. John are largely due to C. J. Brydges, +Esq., and R. Luttrell, Esq., of the Intercolonial Railway, who promptly +placed fast trains at the service of the Relief Committee, and forwarded +free passengers and supplies. Excellent service was thus performed, and +Mr. Luttrell lost no time in meeting the emergency. Indeed he spent +several days in relieving the wants of the sufferers. Few will forget +these kindly acts. + +In concluding this chapter I might add that the Orange Lodges which met +in Mr. Thos. H. Hall's building, King street, lost quite heavily. Their +regalia was, for the most part, entirely consumed, but the banners were +saved. The insurance on the hall and furniture was only five hundred +dollars. The members had gone to a great deal of expense lately in +fitting up their lodge-room, which was one of the tastiest in the city. +The decorations were very handsome. The loss will reach at least two +thousand dollars. A relief organization has been formed by leading +brethren of the order, and the wants of sufferers by the fire are being +looked after. The Grand Master, Edward Willis, and Messrs. A. G. +Blakslee, John A. Kane, J. B. Andrews, Walter McFate, W. A. King, W. +Roxorough, James Elliott, and Samuel Devenne, comprise the Relief +Committee. + + + + +CHAPTER XIX. + + The Books we have Lost--"The Lost Arts"--The Libraries of St. John + which were Burned--The Pictures which were Lost--The Few that were + Saved--A Talk about Books and Pictures--The Future--What St. John + men must Do--Acknowledgments--Conclusion of the Story of the Fire. + + +It is only when we come to look around us that we can discover how much +we have lost. In one's lifetime a thousand little things are gathered +and put away, and we find ourselves turning to them every now and then. +Money cannot supply these. Many of them are endeared to us through +association. Some are the gifts of friends who have since passed away, +never to return, and others again came into our possession in various +ways. We may supply, with a portion of our insurance money, a few books, +copies of the ones which we have lost, but these will not be the same. +They will not be our copies. We love to read our own books. No Suckling +can be the same as the one we lost the other day. It was not a rich +copy, but it was a whole-souled, generous old fashioned volume, full of +the old Knights daintiest bits of melody. We used to love to linger over +the little age-stained page, and recover lines we had lost. And dear old +Shenstone, too, is gone. We can easily get another Shenstone, but it +won't seem at all like the old copy. In our own books we know just where +to find what we want, and new copies never seem the same. And then there +are books we like to take up now and then, just to fill in the odd +moments of our lives; books of engravings and the like, and volumes of +_Punch_, and great volumes of cartoons of say forty and fifty years ago. +These are all gone now and few can be replaced. + +What great inroads the fire has caused among our private libraries, what +a wreck it has made of those precious books we all loved so dearly. And +those pamphlets, too, upon which we placed so much value, and the +thousand little odds and ends of literature which we so tenderly +gathered year in and year out. And our scrap-books--great, good-natured +fellows, with broad sides and liberal pages, ready to take in all sorts +of matter. These are no more. And whole hosts of unbound magazines, +which we had tied together, and expected every day to send off to the +binders. These are ashes too. We hesitate before we turn over the books +we rescued from the burning, lest we discover greater losses, and miss +fairer treasures. How many sets of books have been destroyed, how many +massive tomes have been withered by the heat, how many dainty books of +poetry have been swept away! + +What lovely companions books are. What glorious friends they make. How +kindly they speak to us and tell us what they think. We read gruff Tom +Carlyle, and pause at his estimate of Cromwell, and hunt through the +histories of England to see what Smollett and Hume have to say about the +same grim protector. We run through a few pages of Taine and discover +how grandly he criticises the masters of English literature, but after +all we go back fondly to our own Arnold, and read what he has to tell us +before we quite make up our mind that the clever Frenchman is right. We +sit at the feet of Holmes and read a chapter or two of his matchless +Autocrat, and then with our mind full of the delicious sweets, we get +down our copy of Hunt and after skimming a page or two of his "Seer," +dip into the crisp and sparkling pages of Hazlitt's _Round Table_. Ah, +yes! the fire may take all else we have if it will only leave us our +books. True, a man, as the bard hath it-- + + "May live without books--what is knowledge but grieving? + He may live without hope--what is hope but deceiving? + He may live without love--what is passion but pining? + But where is the man who can live without dining?" + +But after all the mind craves as much for food of its kind, as the +stomach does for meats and bread. + +Though in St. John we had no public library, there were very many +private collections of books in the city. Some of them were very large +and well-selected. Dr. Wm. Bayard's collection, not one volume of which +was saved, was beyond all question the fullest and ripest medical +library in the Dominion. It was the accumulation of many years. The +collection was begun by his father and added to largely by the Doctor +himself. Some rare medical works, rich in plates, costing as high as L30 +sterling each, were to be found here, besides books covering the whole +range of medical thought and practice. The English classics, exhibiting +the very cream of letters, and some fine specimens of modern literature +filled acceptably the doctors shelves. Not a volume was saved. Indeed a +photograph album was the only article rescued from the burning house. +Mr. James R. Ruel, the Collector of Customs had a fine library, rich in +theology and literature of the higher class. Controversial works, books +of science, and the whole range of British Poetry, ever found a welcome +on Mr. Ruel's library table. In the departments of History and Geography +this library was especially rich and full, and every work of character +about the Reformation in England could here be consulted. Mr. Ruel's +reading in this department was extensive, and he made writings of this +kind his especial study. His whole collection, rare and costly as it +was, and representing the labour of many years, perished before a hand +could be raised in its defence. Mr. B. Lester Peters's library showed +great care and culture in its selection. It too was very complete in +History, Biography, Belles-lettres and Theology. Mr. Peters's fine +literary taste served him well in making his collection of books, and +nearly all his volumes displayed wonderful skill in rich bindings. In +old play-wrights, such as Shakespeare, Jonson, Massinger, Beaumont and +Fletcher, and the other famous ones of that glorious age in +literature--The Elizabethan--Mr. Peters's library was ample. Indeed, in +works of this class no finer collection existed in the city. And in +poetry which exhibited the rarest thoughts of the bards, in the works of +such poets as Milton, Chaucer, Spenser, Dryden, Pope and Clough, Mr. +Peters's shelves contained a perfect mine of wealth. His collection of +pamphlets, the labour of thirty years, was unique and full. He had the +whole of the famous Connolly and Wilmot controversy, the scattered +papers of the late Dr. Gray, the Maturin pamphlets, the Colenso +pamphlets, the notes on the Lost Tribes of Israel, and a thousand +others, neatly and carefully put away in cases specially prepared for +them. Those are all gone, and not a fragment remains. The gorgeous +library of John Boyd, Esq., of Queen Square, with its enormous +collection of works belonging to modern literature, its rare list of old +books, its magnificent sets of presentation volumes from the authors, +its numberless volumes that come from the publishers to Mr. Boyd as +gifts, were swept away in an instant. The books in Mr. Boyd's cases were +a reflex of the owner's taste and judgment. He had not a poor book among +the whole. The entire range of English and American essayists, the whole +course of British and American poetry, the cream of historical books, +the ripest thoughts of the philosopher, the most delightful gems of +fiction, the works of the scientists, and the great tomes of biography, +clad in the most luxuriant of luxurious bindings, were the companions of +Mr. Boyd's study. His lectures, common-place books, scrap-books, in fact +everything which he possessed of a literary character were burned. Even +the literary notes which he made from time to time in his record books +during the odd moments of his too unfrequent leisure, and the bits of +criticism on new poems which he occasionally made for future use on the +platform and elsewhere, perished in his desk. His entire intellectual +labour vanished in an hour. Mr. A. L. Palmer's splendid library with his +own valuable annotations, Mr. A. A. Stockton's voluminous and admirable +library, begun by his late uncle, and Mr. Chas. W. Weldon's Law and +general library were destroyed before their owners could save a single +book. The Rev. Dr. Watters's library, so rich in theology and biography, +was burned almost entirely. Lately large additions had been made to this +delightful collection. A good many of the late Judge Chipman's best +books found their way here, and the most of these were lost. Rev. Mr. +Stavely's books were all burned, and not one of Rev. Mr. Carey's fine +collection escaped. Some of his books were very rare and high-priced. +Mr. Robert Britain's books were of general and private interest. The +former embraced almost the whole range of English literature, and the +latter included the best books on chemistry and science. Indeed in books +belonging to the latter class, it will be difficult to find so large a +collection anywhere. Mr. J. D. Underhill possessed a library of rare +beauty and value. It was very large in historical works and the writings +of the principal British, American and French authors. In biography and +fiction of the higher order there was a good supply. Mr. Underhill, for +several years, had been a great book-buyer, and hardly a trunkfull was +saved. For costly books, handsomely bound, no richer collection existed +in St. John than the splendid library of Mr. Fred. R. Fairweather. He +had the entire set of Balzac's works in the original, luxuriously and +massively bound. His Shakespeares, for he had several editions, +copiously illustrated and exquisitely finished, were bound in heavy +antique morocco. His books of plates, his dramatic library, his +collection of plays of the Cumberland edition, his books on costumes +from the time of the Saxons to our own day, represented large value, and +a refined and cultured taste. In dramatic literature alone, Mr. +Fairweather's library was probably the fullest in the Dominion. Indeed +his loss in this department is a positive loss to literature, and a +collection such as he owned can never be again supplied. Many of the +books are out of print, and cannot be purchased to-day at any price. The +books lost in the city, on the day of the fire, will number many +thousands of volumes. No city of the size of St. John could boast of +finer private collections of books, anywhere. It will be many years +before collections as rich, as unique, and as delightful can be procured +again. + +In pictures, the loss met with is really irreparable. We had no public +gallery, because our citizens, whose means admitted it, purchased for +the walls of their own houses a charming bit of colour now and then, or +a delicate engraving or a drawing. A few of the masterpieces of the +English and American artists found their way here from time to time, and +in the way of engravings the collection was really quite large. We can +only give a tithe of the pictures lost. Dr. McAvenney possessed a +decided gem in water-colour, by Birket Foster, and a charming landscape +in oil from the brush of Mayner, an Irish artist. The latter was a +twenty pounds' picture, and one of the prizes which came to St. John +last year from the Irish Art Union. It was exceedingly vigorous, and, +though small in size, every detail was perfect. In addition to these, +Dr. McAvenney lost several fine engravings and one or two exquisite +drawings. Dr. Wm. Bayard's loss in pictures is quite large. He owned a +capital landscape, _The Vale of Strathmore_, by John Cairns, of +Edinburgh. This was burned, with some others of lesser note, together +with a good many engravings, chiefly London Art Union subjects. Mr. R. +M. Longmaid lost all but one of his pictures. Some of these were of +great value, and included, among a number of others, _Francis I. and +Henry VIII. on the Field of the Cloth of Gold_, by the late G. F. +Mulvany, R.H.A., and one of Cairns' Scotch subjects, showing a striking +bit of Highland scenery, called _Glen Cairn_. The one picture saved was +a Welsh Landscape, by A. Vickers. This had been lent to a friend in the +upper part of the town, and was accordingly not burned. Mr. Charles +Campbell managed to preserve a number of his pictures; among them the +bold _Coast Scene_, by John Cairns, which will be remembered by many who +saw it as a very striking study. Mr. W. C. Perley, among the very few +articles rescued from his house, saved two very pretty little +landscapes, one an Irish scene and the other a delicious specimen of C. +C. Ward's art. Mr. B. Lester Peters lost nearly all of his engravings, +but succeeded in rescuing a study by F. W. Hulme, and a little gem by A. +Vickers. Hon. George E. King saved a few water colours by eminent +British artists, which he had. Mr. Donald G. MacKenzie, who had +half-a-dozen striking oil paintings, recovered them all a few days +after the fire. Mr. John Sears lost heavily in the Department of Art, +but saved his one great picture, a portrait which is an undoubted +Rubens, and one or two family likenesses. Mr. Stephen J. King, whose +treasures consist in drawings by McKewan, Philps and others, and some +oil-paintings, saved them all. Mr. W. P. Dole lost a pair of very +beautiful water-colour drawings of Canadian scenery, by D. Gale, and +three or four excellent engravings. He was fortunate in saving however, +two charming works by Hulme, two small bits by Vickers, two by G. A. +Williams, one of C. C. Ward's pieces, and one of the late John T. +Stanton's best works. Mr. Stanton was a New Brunswick artist of fine +taste and decided skill. Mr. Dole also saved some of his water-colours, +notably those by Bell Smith and Frantz. The author lost an excellent +drawing illustrating an idea in Thackeray, and a number of clever +caricatures from the pencil of an amateur artist, Mr. Forbes Torrance, +of Como, besides several engravings of merit, and a massive bronze +figure representing Painting. Mr. Henry Vaughan lost his large costly +painting from the John Miller collection, of Liverpool, England. Mr. +James Stewart lost his whole collection of paintings; several of these +were of his own work, while a number were by foreign artists. Mr. +Stewart copied a landscape painting by an English artist which came out +here as a prize, some years ago, and when his work was finished and the +two paintings hung side by side, the owner did not know which was his +own picture. This copy was for some days in Mr. Notman's studio before +the fire, and it is believed that it is lost, as no trace has been had +of it. The reader will see from this scanty enumeration of known losses, +how great has been the destruction in art-treasures alone. We have not +even hinted at the wholesale destruction of bronzes, bas reliefs and +bits of sculpture and statuary. In these departments the loss has been +also very severe. No money can replace these treasures. These were the +things which rendered home bright and happy. It is the love of art and +literature which refines and beautifies mankind. It is the book and the +picture, and the figure of pale marble which rouse a thousand new +delights. They take away the brutal in our nature. They lift us up as it +were. We look around the room and the eye rests on something beautiful. +We feed our tastes. The picture on the wall refines us, the open book +fills the mind with a hundred delicate, footless fancies. We breathe a +new air. The etchings on the table, the portfolio of drawings and the +books of engravings give to our mind a delight as wonderful as it is +delicate and delicious. Can money replace these? Can money buy for us +these pictures and books which have been for so many years our +companions and friends? Can money replace the bronze figure? Can money +bring to us again the portrait of the dear one who lies out there in the +green wood buried? Can money supply us with that precious volume of +poetry which the author gave us just a year before he died? We may make +our homes bright again. We may hang pictures on the walls. We may fill +to the full our book-cases and hanging-shelves once more with the great +things in literature, but our thoughts will wander back to the days +before the fire came and robbed us of all those delights which peopled +and filled our homes. But we must not give way altogether to gloom and +despondency. We must try and forget the past and devote all our +energies, all our brains and skill to the rebuilding of the homes and +workshops which have been scattered to the winds. We must never rest +till the great end is accomplished; we must never cease working. As +Christians, as men, as the proud descendants of a sturdy and stalwart +race, we must show the world that we are not a generation of pigmies, +and that from these very ashes and ruins a brighter, a more glorious and +more prosperous city will arise and resume her old place as the +metropolis of the Lower Provinces. + +I have told the story of the great fire in St. John in my own way. I +have tried to do justice to my theme. Like many others I have passed +through the flames, and received as it were my first "baptism of fire." +My book has many imperfections. It was necessary that it should be +hastily prepared. My publishers demanded this, and gave me a fortnight +to write it in. I can therefore claim nothing in favour of the book from +a literary point of view, but this I can claim--the history is reliable +in every particular. Not a statement within its pages was committed to +paper until it was thoroughly and reliably avouched for. I have verified +every word which this volume contains; and while the haste in which it +was prepared precluded my paying much attention to style, the book is a +complete record of the fire as it was, and not as a lively imagination +might like it to be. Before taking leave of my readers, I must publicly +thank Mr. Joseph W. Lawrence for the splendid aid which he gave me in +furnishing the data and historical information about our old churches +and other edifices. I had full access to his records and commonplace +books, and through these means was enabled to verify much that had come +to me in an imperfect condition. To Mr. Gilbert Murdoch, C.E., and Mr. +Wm. Murdoch, C.E., of the Water Works and Sewerage Departments, I must +also return my thanks, for valuable information about the water supply, +for the capital map which accompanies this volume, and for facts +connected with the acreage and streetage of the district burned. General +Warner, Mayor Earle, Mr. A. C. Smith, Mr. John Boyd, Mr. A. P. Rolph, +Mr. Dole, Mr. Hiram Betts, Mr. Elder, Mr. J. L. Stewart, Mr. McDade, Mr. +O'Brien, Mr. Stanley, Mr. G. B. Hegan and others, also largely rendered +me assistance in collecting information, and to these gentlemen I return +my grateful thanks. + +The little picture of the ruins, by moonlight, of the Germain street +Baptist Church, was very kindly supplied by Mr. John C. Miles, a St. +John artist of good reputation. I have great pleasure in acknowledging +his politeness here, and at this time. + +In conclusion, I might add, that to Mr. E. Lantalum belongs the credit +of sounding the first alarm of our great fire. + + +ADDITIONAL LIST OF DONATIONS. + + +MONEY. + + A friend $2 00 + Ailsa Craig Presbyterian Church, Ont. 18 60 + Ayr Knox Church and Sacred Concert 76 00 + Allendale, Ont. Methodist Church 6 60 + Augusta, Me. 820 40 + Barrie, Ont. 166 00 + Baltimore, Md. 80 62 + Bobcaygeon Orangemen 15 00 + Bangor, Me. 5,000 00 + Belfast, Ireland L300 Stg + Buffalo, N. Y. $179 83 + Chicago Union Stock Yards 105 25 + Chippawa, Ont. Trinity Church 38 65 + Chicago Apollo Musical Club, Concert 990 75 + Chicago, Ill. 2,050 00 + Chatham, N. B. 250 00 + Capt. Thompson, ss. "Britannia," 500 00 + Charlottetown, P. E. I. 500 00 + Charlottetown Odd Fellows' Entertainment 208 00 + Departmental Clerks, Ottawa 445 53 + Edinburgh, Scotland L100 Stg + Ed. L. Evans, Rondeau, Ont. $2 00 + E. & J. Burke, Dublin, Ireland 250 00 + Fredericton, N. B. 2,000 00 + Fergus, Ont. 20 50 + Geo. M. Fowler, British Consul, Aenfuegos $100 00 + Glasgow, Scotland L1,000 Stg + Great Western Railway Employees $450 00 + G. W. Davis, Boston, Mass. 14 11 + Galt, Ont., Churches 114 69 + Greenville, Nova Scotia 16 00 + Huron Co. Council, Ont. 2,000 00 + Hayden, Gere & Co., New York 25 00 + Hastings Co. Council Ont. 1,000 00 + Jacob E. Klotz, Hamburg, Ont. 25 00 + Mackenzie, Flatlands, N. B. 2 00 + M. McLeod, Cardigan, P. E. I. 18 20 + Miss Logan, Orillia, Ont. 10 00 + Mansfield, P. E. I. 55 50 + New York 2,105 90 + Oshawa Benevolent Society 30 00 + Petrolia, Penn. 200 00 + Presbyterian Churches, Wentworth, N. S. 13 00 + Pictou, N. S. 5 00 + Portland, Me. 4,500 00 + Philadelphia, Penn. 1,109 80 + Picton, Ont. 300 00 + P. E. I. R. R. Employees 62 45 + Stewiacke 40 00 + St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Chelsea, Mass. 5 00 + Springhill Mines, U. S. 18 95 + Toronto 400 00 + Uxbridge, Ont. 51 40 + Victoria Co. Council, Ont. 400 00 + Wingham, Ont. 15 50 + Woodstock, Ont. Literary Institute 37 25 + Waterloo Co. Council, Ont. 1,000 00 + Woodstock, N. B. 151 00 + Wm. Ingalls, Bolton, England L5 Stg. + Wroxeter and Fardwick Presbyterian Churches $55 24 + Windsor, Ont. 500 00 + Yorkville, Ont. 300 00 + + +SUPPLIES. + + Augusta, Me, clothing. + Brunswick, Me, clothing. + Carter & Co., Elora, Ont., potatoes. + Chicago Union Stock Yards, large quantity supplies. + C. Fawcett, Sackville, N. B., stoves. + D. Fiske, Fredericton, N. B. tracts. + D. G. Smith, Chatham, N. B. clothing. + Isaac M. Bragg, Bangor, Me., clothing. + J. Borland, Bowmanville, stoves. + James Stewart & Co., Hamilton, Ont., stoves. + J. C. Risteen, Fredericton, supplies. + James Hamilton, Port Elgin, potatoes. + J. L. Goodhue, plasterers' hair. + Milwaukee, Wis., supplies. + Montreal, supplies. + Mount Stewart, P. E. I., supplies. + Prof. John Owen, Cambridge, Mass., offers books and magazines + for a library. + Salem, Mass., supplies. + Stewiacke, clothing. + Thurston Hall & Co., Cambridgeport, supplies. + Wm. Openheim & Son, New York, clothing. + + + + +ADDENDA. + +SUPPLEMENTARY DONATIONS. + + +MONEY. + + Bridgetown, Maine $70 00 + Dungannon 29 10 + Cornwall, Ontario 300 00 + Portsmouth, N. H. 697 00 + Salem 70 00 + Newfoundland Government 2,000 00 + Kingston, N. B. 20 00 + Stayner, Ontario 75 00 + Detroit, Michigan 427 81 + Baden, Ontario 2 00 + Stewart Henry, Montreal 25 00 + Bear River, Nova Scotia 105 00 + Hughes, Thomas, London, England L10 00 + St. George's Church, Trenton, Ontario $15 00 + St. John County Agricultural Society 400 00 + Winnipeg _Free Press_ 53 05 + Chesterfield, Ontario, Presbyterian Church 57 00 + Bailey & Noyes, Portland, Maine 25 00 + Port Hope 8 00 + Sydney, C. B. 295 40 + Musquodoboit 5 25 + Listowel, Ontario 140 35 + Coristine, James & Co., Montreal 100 00 + " " Employes 71 60 + Milwaukee, Wisconsin 100 00 + Bark "Cedar Croft," Captain and Crew L5 3 0 + Mayor of Brooklyn, New York $50 00 + Loeser & Co., Brooklyn, New York 50 00 + Winnipeg 300 00 + Bridgewater, Nova Scotia 128 25 + Norfolk County Council, Ontario 500 00 + Ward & Payne, Sheffield, England L10 0 0 + Kingston, Ontario $340 00 + Oakville Odd Fellows' Open-air Concert 75 00 + Victoria, British Columbia 800 00 + Caledonia Restaurant, Winnipeg 21 50 + Mount Stewart, P. E. I. 25 50 + Virginia City, Nevada 250 00 + Thomas Frith & Sons, Sheffield, England 250 00 + Nellie H. Carleton, St. John, N. B. 3 64 + Chicago, Illinois 601 75 + Windsor, Nova Scotia 23 00 + Attleboro 15 21 + Westmoreland and Botsford Parishes, New Brunswick 95 25 + J. J. Ronaldson & Sons, Sheffield, England 97 76 + Diocese of Huron, Ontario 2,000 00 + Toronto "Sons of England," Kent Lodge 30 00 + Trenton Concert 61 00 + Quebec 4,558 85 + Great Western Railroad Employes 300 00 + Methodist and Baptist Churches of Caledonia, N. S. 3 37 + Sent to G. Sidney Smith, Esq., for distribution, + from Major-General and Mrs. Beauchamp Walker L15 0 0 + Mrs. A. G. Foley, Peterboro', Ontario $5 00 + Sent to Rev. Dr. Maclise for distribution:-- + From Houlton, Maine, by John McMaster 250 05 + From Goodwill Church, Montgomery, New York, by + Rev. J. M. Dickson 20 00 + Sent to Oddfellows' Fund:-- + Lynn, Mass., Providence Lodge 50 07 + Clinton, Ontario, Warriner Lodge--Per J. B. King 75 00 + Westville, Nova Scotia, Scotia Lodge 50 00 + Boston Oddfellows--Per Grand Master Perkins 340 00 + Humboldt Bay, Cal., Eureka Lodge 20 00 + Woonsocket, Rhode Island, Woonsocket Lodge 20 00 + Empire Lodge, St. Catharines, Ontario 50 00 + Sarnia Lodge, Sarnia, do. 43 00 + Cuyahoga Lodge, Cleveland, Ohio 50 00 + Romeo Lodge, Stratford 25 00 + Monami Lodge, Mechanics' Falls, Maine 25 00 + Crystal Wave Lodge, Pugwash, Nova Scotia 11 00 + E. Ashley, Wilmot, C. E. 20 00 + Engineering Department I. C. Railway 492 67 + Locomotive Do 1,281 68 + Traffic and other Do 347 70 + J. S. Fry & Son, Bristol, England L10 Stg. + John Carruthers, Kingston, Ont. 100 00 + +From returns in detail, just furnished by the Oddfellows' Lodges, the +results of the fire, in relation to its effects on individual members +appears to have been as follows:-- + + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- + NAME OF | Present |No. of | Dependents | Total Suffer-| Approximate + LODGE. | Member- |Suf- | on | ers and | value of + | ship. |ferers.| Sufferers. | Depend's. | Property lost + | | | | | by Sufferers. + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- + Pioneer, | | | | | + No. 9 | 198 | 78 | 182 | 260 | $392,860 00 + Beacon, | | | | | + No. 12 | 118 | 36 | 94 | 130 | 113,550 00 + Peerless,| | | | | + No. 19 | 83 | 10 | 34 | 44 | 26,560 00 + Siloam, | | | | | + No. 29 | 44 | 28 | 28 | 56 | 24,440 00 + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- + Totals | 443 | 152 | 338 | 490 | $557,410 00 + Less Insurance | 140,052 00 + --------------- + Net approximate Loss | $417,358 00 + ---------------------------------------------------------------------- + +Many of the sufferers had _no_ insurance. The supposed superiority of +the fire department, and general efficiency of the water supply, having +led to a false security--to a popular belief that it was impossible for +St. John to be scourged by fire, as Boston and Chicago had been. + + +SENT TO MASONIC FUND. + + Grand Lodge of Quebec $200 00 + A Brother, Newcastle, N. B. 4 00 + National Lodge, Chicago 23 62 + Knights Templars, Portland, Maine 117 00 + Germania Lodge, Baltimore 18 93 + Grand Lodge, Louisiana 189 00 + Carleton Union Lodge of Carleton, N. B. 50 00 + Grand Lodge of Wisconsin 94 50 + St. John's Lodge, Toronto 150 00 + Phoenix Lodge, Nashville, Tenn. 947 00 + Grand Lodge, Utah 56 70 + St. Andrew's Lodge, Frederickton, N. B. 25 25 + Loge des Coeurs Unis, Montreal 50 00 + Rising Virtue Lodge, Mount Moriah Chapter, + and St. John's Commandery, Bangor, Me. 284 25 + Detroit Commandery 94 50 + Springfield do. 500 00 + + +SUPPLIES. + + Halifax, N. S., 25 Stoves. + Boston Y. M. C. Union, Clothing. + Montreal, Clothing. + Musquodoboit, Clothing. + Toronto, Meats. + Taylor, Robert, Halifax, N. S., Boots. + Peke & Eaton, Halifax, N. S., Tea. + Hart, R. T. & Co., " Supplies. + Victoria Corner, N. B., 12 pairs Boots. + Canterbury Ladies, Bedding. + Bridgetown, N. S., Supplies. + Rev. C. McMullin, Hartland, N. B., Butter. + Norwich, Ontario, Clothing. + Philadelphia Maritime Exchange, Clothing. + Gibson, Alexander, York County, Supplies. + + + + + A BRIEF ACCOUNT + OF THE + FIRE IN THE TOWN OF PORTLAND, + SATURDAY MORNING, 20TH OCTOBER, 1877. + + +Just four months after the great calamity in St. John, the people of the +Town of Portland were called upon to endure a hardship of almost equal +dimensions. In one sense their endurance demanded even greater strength, +for their trouble came, not in summer when the grass was green, and the +air was soft and balmy, but in the very heart of a New Brunswick Fall, +when the wind pierced the coarsest garment, and the ground was white +with frost. It was in the small hours of the morning too, that men and +women, half asleep and palsied by terror, rushed wildly into the street, +shivering with cold and trembling with fear, as they heard the mad bell +tolling the alarm. They lived in the merest tinder boxes, and in many of +these were domiciled three, and sometimes four and five families. It was +a fire of terrible importance, and at one time the destruction of the +whole town was feared. But the lesson which the fire of June 20th +taught had a salutary effect on the people, and, aided by a brave band +of firemen, they made every effort to stay the onward march of the +flames, and in this, success was partly attained. The fire destroyed +seven blocks of buildings, and threw into the street two hundred and +ninety-five families, which numbered, in the aggregate, fully three +thousand persons. Of buildings swept away, there were ninety-seven +dwelling houses, the Methodist Church and the Temperance Hall. The +actual loss is estimated at two hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and +the insurance scarcely reaches the sum of seventy thousand dollars. One +man suffered a horrible death, and a number of people were injured more +or less seriously. The fire was indeed a sore and bitter trial, and had +it not been that the community had only a short time before experienced +the horrors of the greater conflagration, the present calamity would +have ranked as one of the great fires of Canada. Coming so soon after +the St. John's scourge, men failed to realize at once the magnitude of +destruction which it caused. But those who had twice passed through the +flames knew to their cost, and realized in an instant, what it was to be +burned out a second time. Seven hundred persons from the burnt district +of St. John's had taken up their residence in the suburban town. They +were in most cases poor in a pecuniary sense, but their bands were +strong, and their hearts were not downcast. The flames had carried away +all their earthly possessions, and they found themselves the day after +the fire comparatively penniless. But there was work to do, and these +men and women sternly resolved to do it. They removed to Portland, +secured quarters there, and had just completed their arrangements for +the winter, when this fresh trouble broke out, and once more they found +themselves, with twenty-three hundred others, in the street without a +home, and no sheltering roof over their heads. Their lot was indeed a +sad one, and no wonder is it, that some of them were loud in complaint, +and that many, women walked down from Fort Home that day, and wept +bitterly at the heartrending sight which met their eyes. They saw +desolation on the plain below, and tall chimneys kept watch and ward +over a field of smouldering embers. The steam engines still continued to +play on the dying flames, though the sixth hour of the fire had long +since passed away, and men in command hurried along the streets now +giving orders, and now working with the rank and file, striving to save +what remnants of property yet remained unburned, and caring for the +immediate needs of sufferers. + +The fire broke out at a quarter to three o'clock in the morning, and +originated in a wood-house in the centre of the block, between Main and +High Streets. This wood-house was in the rear of Henry Pratt's house, +and as fire had been discovered in this locality, twice recently, many +believed that it was the fiendish work of an incendiary. The fire spread +with great rapidity, though there was little wind at the time, and by +three o'clock the entire block, Main Street on the north, Chapel Street +on the south, Acadia Street on the east, and Portland Street on the west +was one mass of flame. In another hour the fire raged more violently, +and was extending to the lower streets. The firemen, who were early on +the spot, worked with untiring energy, and displayed almost superhuman +endurance and wonderful courage. Aid from the city came very soon after +the fire was observed, and the new contingent also worked with admirable +nerve, and exhibited splendid skill in preventing the conflagration from +spreading. Members of the Town Council, with Chairman Henry Hilyard at +their head, made extraordinary efforts to keep the flames back, and +indeed the whole arrangements for fighting the fire were excellently +conceived and well carried out. + +At five o'clock the fire had reached its height. The blocks from Main +Street to High Street, inclusive, were completely obliterated, and only +gaunt chimneys remained. From High Street to the very water's edge the +flames sped on unresisted. Camden Street was burning, the large houses +on the foot of Portland Street, the houses from Temperance Hall, in +Simonds Street to Thomson's slip were consumed. Rankin's wharf with +immense piles of dressed lumber was threatened with immediate +extinction. The steamers "Ida Whittier," "Xyphus," and "Victor," were for +a time in danger. Three tug boats arrived opportunely, and the water +which they threw saved the wharf and lumber. At half-past eight the fire +was subdued. + +The property destroyed consisted of all the houses in Main Street +between Jones's corner and Orange corner; all on Chapel Street, all on +Acadia Street except a small block and the greater part of Chapel +Street; all along the east side and part of the west side of Portland +Street, the east side of Simonds Street from High Street to the water, +and both sides of Camden Street. Of course a great deal of drunkenness +prevailed and numerous arrests were made. Thieving, as usual, was +largely indulged in. + +The saddest event of the day was the loss of life. George Baxter, a ship +carpenter, who dwelt in High street, was found in a charred state in the +ruins of his house. It is thought he went in to save some of his +effects, and being unable to make his way out again he was smitten to +the ground and suffered one of the most terrible of deaths. The other +casualties were John Henry Maher, slightly injured, James Ennis badly +cut on the head. Nicholas Ryan fell off Dickinson's house, Chapel +Street, and sustained serious bruises. Mrs. Reed was struck by a falling +ladder. John Cobalan, jr., had one of his fingers broken, and Mrs. +Nowlan was slightly hurt. Wm. Carr and James Kennedy were injured +slightly. + +The destruction of the Methodist Church is a very serious loss. It was +built in the year 1841, and succeeded the structure built in 1828, which +was destroyed in the former year. The first trustees were Alex. McLeod, +Samuel H. McKee, George Whittaker, William Nesbit, H. Hennigar, Robert +Chestnut, Robert Robertson, G. T. Ray, John B. Gaynor, George Lockhart, +James Bustin, John Owens and Francis Jordan, Rev. Messrs. R. Williams, +J. B. Story, and S. Busby were strong supporters of the church in its +young days and were long identified with its interests. On the first +Sunday after the fire of 1841 the congregation met in the open air and +prayed and sang hymns. The Rev. Mr. Allen addressed the people from a +rock. Rev. Mr. Teed was the pastor at the time of the present fire. When +he came to preside over its destinies he found the church struggling +with a debt, and he worked with great zeal to free it from this burden. + +The Temperance Hall was one of the most useful institutions in the town, +and many will deplore the destruction of this building. + +The following is a complete list of the buildings burned. The first name +mentioned in each case is that of the owner, the other, that of the +occupants:-- + + _Main street, south side, from Acadia street to Portland + Street._--Mr. Woods, occupied by self as a boarding house, and by + R. Jones as a grocery store--two families. + + Andrew Pratt, by self as a dwelling; Miss Pratt as millinery store; + Henry Pratt, as dwelling; and by Mr. Hopkins as a book store--4. + + Chas. Long, James Meally, tin shop; Robt. Adamson, and John W. + Perkins--3. + + Wm. Gray, by self, Gray & Scott, meat store; Mrs. Cotner--4. + + Widow Gordon, by self as a grocery store and dwelling--1. + + Widow McJunkin, by self as a boarding house, and by Robert C. + Gordon, as a liquor store, and by John S. Mitchell--3. + + John Bradley, by A. G. Kearns, as a grocery and liquor store--1. + + Thos. McColgan, by T. M. & S. B. Corbett, groceries; Thos. + McMasters, hair-dressing saloon; John Carlin, S. R. Lindsay, Wm. + Hooper, Messrs. Kyle & Tait--7. + + _Portland street, east side, from Chapel to Main street._--Thomas + McColgan, by self as a liquor store; Edward Brown, Joshua + Russel--3. + + _Chapel street, north side, east from the Pond to Portland + street._--Wm. Dickson's house (damaged), by self, Robert Currie, + Widow McAnulty, Arthur McCauslin--4. + + Widow Farson, by self, Wm. Conway, Widow Gallagher, Geo. Kimball, + Daniel Leary, John Mohan, Jas. Daley, Mrs. Daley, Mrs. Knowles, + Chase & McCallum--11. + + Charles Long, by self, John Law--2. + + Barn belonging to Wm. Gray. + + Barn belonging to Robt. Gordon. + + Barn belonging to John McJunkin estate. + + Barn belonging to John Bradley. + + _Chapel street, south side, from Portland street east to + Water._--Miss Mary Long, by Mrs. McArthur, Mr. Appleby and Mrs. + Gorral--3. + + Chas. Long, by self and son as grocery and dwelling; Chas. Colwell, + Alex. Long, Abraham Craig--5. + + Mrs. Nancy Lackey, by Local Preacher Oram, Miss McJunkin, John + McJunkin--3. + + Joseph Reed, by Samuel Baker, Frank Crawford--2. + + Barn belonging to Sarah Irvine. + + Arthur Rodgers, by self, Mrs. Clancey, Arthur Desmond and Mr. + Long--4. + + Widow Sullivan, by Thos. Sullivan--1. + + John Damary, by self and Thos. Damary--2. + + John Corrigan, by self--1. + + Thos. Currie, by self and John Quinn--2. + + Wm. King's house, damaged considerably. + + _Acadia street, east side, from High street to Main street._--Mrs. + Sarah Irvine, occupied by self, Thomas Kerr, Nancy Irvine, Messrs. + Campbell & Hartt--5. + + Geo. McMonagle, by self as a grocery and dwelling; Widow Nelson, + William McGuire, John McGuire, David Smith--5. + + Mrs. Farson, by Mrs. Gallaher, Mrs. McCacherin--2. + + Geo. McMonagle, by Thomas Sharp and Patrick Bogan--2. + + Alex. Duff (house damaged considerably), by Thomas McGill and Henry + McCarthy--2. + + _Acadia street, west side, from High to Main street._--Joseph Reed, + by self, Andrew Crawford, Wm. McConnell, Mrs. Wark--4. + + Widow Farson, by self as grocery and liquor shop and dwelling; + Jeremiah Sullivan, James Brown, David McBurney, Jeremiah Speight, + widow Marley--6. + + _Portland street, east side, from High street to Main + street._--John Connolly, by Messrs. Smith, as a grocery store, + Capt. Rawlings, of the Portland Police, and by David Speight, as a + boarding house--3. + + Methodist Parsonage, occupied by Rev. Mr. Teed, Pastor of the + Portland Methodist Church--1. + + [The houses of Mr. McColgan are mentioned in connection with + buildings on Main and Chapel streets.] + + _High street, north side, from Portland street east to + water._--John Brooks, by George Wetmore, Wm. C. Dunham--2. + + Thomas Polly, by self, John Alcorn, John Humphreys--3. + + George Smith (brick cottage), by self and Robert Smith--2. + + George Ruddock, by self and George Brown--2. + + Widow Ruddock, by Mr. Ellis--1. + + Andrew Myles, by self, Messrs. Porter and Rogers--3. + + Edward Sergeant, by self and Mr. Stantiford--2. + + George Young, by self and Mrs. Upham--2. + + Robert Ewing, by self, Walter Brown, R. A. H. Morrow--3. + + Edward Elliot, by Geo. Jenkins, John Green, Frank Wallace--3. + + Capt. Aubrey, by self and Mr. Reed--2. + + Edward Elliott, by self and Mr. McAllister--2. + + _Portland street from Rankin's wharf to Camden street._--Alex. -- + Ferguson, by self, Captain Buckhard, and Wm. Sleeth. + + Hugh Montague, Robert and Joseph Carson--3. + + John Irvine, by self and Widow Craig. + + John McCachney, by self, mother and Jas. McCachney. + + Geo. Carter, by self, Joseph Murphy, Geo. Carter, Jr.--3. + + T. Travis, by self, as grocery and liquor store and dwelling. + August Mavison, Mr. Wilson, Mrs. Riley and another--5. + + _Camden street, south side, from Portland street to Acadia + street._--James Bartlett, by self, Henry Bartlett, Archibald + Tatton, Capt. Bartlett, James Tubman--5. + + John McJunkin, by self, Capt. Charles Harper, Harry Bassett--3. + + Arthur Kyle, by self, John Cunningham, John O'Connell, Mr. Rebels, + Mrs. McDormott, William, John Hammond--6. + + _Acadia street, from Camden South to water._--Daniel O'Hara, by + self, and Chas. Hara--2. + + Patrick Dawson, by self, Peter Nelson, and a family from the City + burnt district--3. + + Mrs. Hamilton, by self--1. + + Wm. Carter, by self--1. + + _Portland street, west side, from Camden to High street._--Wm. + McIntyre, by self, Geo. Giggy, Geo. Morgan, James Power, Harry + Stephens, Wm. Gillan, and a family from the City burnt district--7. + [In rear house belonging to David Breen, occupied by self and N. + Frizzle.] + + Thomas McMasters, by self, John Boyd, Widow McJunkin, James Ryder, + Messrs. Mullay, Brown and Christopher--7. + + Widow Kerr, by self--1. [Mr. Murdock's house in rear, by one + tenant--1.] + + Wm. A. Moore, occupied by self as a dwelling, John Currie, + groceries; James Pender, Joseph McIntyre, the Misses Darrah--5. + + _Portland street, east side, from Camden to High street._--Richard + Anderson, by self and Samuel Devennie--2. + + Richard Anderson, by William Hill, as a grocery store and dwelling; + John Rubins, tailor shop, James McCord--4. + + Robert McIntyre, by Bernard Gallagher, dwelling and grocery store, + Samuel ----rett, Richard McIntyre--3. + + Robert McIntyre, by self, Ike Munroe, Oliver Colwell, Robert Black, + Ca---- ----rrington--5. + + Wm. McIntyre, by Wm. Maxwell and Robert McMurray--2. + + Wm. McIntyre, by Jacob Brown, Misses Sharp, Duke Brown, Geo. + DeLong, Levi DeLong--5. [House in rear occupied by Joseph Lee and + John Mullay--2.] + + Benj. Lawton, by self and brother--2. + + _Camden street, north side, from Simonds east to water._--Thos. W. + Peters, by Thomas Mansfield, as a dwelling and a grocery store, + John Nowlin, Jeremiah Sullivan and two others--5. + + Thos. W. Peters, by Mr. Leonard and Edward Cutten--2. + + John Higgins, by self--1. + + George Grear, by self, John Ross, John Cooper, Mr. McLean--4. + + Richard Anderson, by Harry Laskey, John Thompson, Miss Osborne--3. + + Widow Wilson, by self, H. Brockings, Widow Bailey--4. [Unoccupied + house in rear.] + + Stephen Murphy, by self, Messrs. Hamilton, Ralston and Hoolahan--4. + + _Acadia street, west side, from Camden to High street._--Wm. + Searle, by Hugh Hutchinson, Wm. Bell--2. + + James Bartlett, by David Doherty, Mr. Fitzgerald--2. + + Robt. McKay, by self, Messrs. Irvine and Munroe--3. + + Mr. Reed, by Thomas Graham and another--2. [Rear house owned by Mr. + Reed.] + + Thomas Youngclaus, by Messrs. Stayhorn, Kirk and Beaton--3. + + James Kyle, by self and Mr. McGee--2. + + Widow Ruddock, by self and a family whose name could not be + learned--2. + + Wm. Elliott, by self, James Smith and John Devennie--3. + + _Acadia street, east side, from Camden street to High + street._--John H. Crawford, by self, as a grocery and dwelling--1. + + Thomas Gillespie, by Mr. Tait, Joseph Allen, Widow Garvey and Widow + Boyne--4. + + _High street, south side, westward from water._--John McDermott, by + self, Patrick Carlin and Thomas Smith--3. + + Miss Daley, by Wm. Peacock, Widow Knodell and Joseph Speight--3. + + George Baxter, by self as dwelling and grocery store; and by Mr. + Dunham--1. + + Geo. Baxter, by Messrs. Wilson, and Kirk and another--3. + + Widow Young, by self, Wm. Young, and George Easty--3. + + Patrick Flynn, by Messrs. Stack and Thompson Kennedy, and Widow + Logan--3. + + James Scott, by self, and James Barbour--2. + + Joseph Sullivan, by self--1. + + Joseph Logan, by self, Widow Buchanan, Widow McDermott--3. + + Temperance Hall, owned by Governor Tilley, J. C. Edwards, and + Portland Division, S. of T. + + _Simonds street, east side, from High street to water._--Andrew + Johnston's house, occupied by four families--1. + + Paul Gillespie, by John Buckley, James Gillespie, and Mr. + Akerley--2. + + Widow, by self, James Spence, and Charles Brown, and two others--5. + + Widow Crawford, by self, as dwelling and grocery shop, and by James + Buckley--2. + + Alex. Urquhart, by self--1. + + Thos. W. Peters, by Widow Morrison, John Morrison and Mrs. + Wilson--3. + + + LOSSES OF INSURANCE COMPANIES. + + + PROVINCIAL. + + Thos. McColgan, $1600 + Methodist Church, 3000 + Wm. Elliott, 1200 + Chas. Long, 1200 + Mrs. S. J. Young, 500 + R. Jones, 600 + ------ + Total, $8100 + + + LANCASHIRE. + + Capt. Aubrey, $800 + Thos. Travis, 800 + Other claims about, 1400 + ------ + Total, $3000 + + + NORTHERN. + + Methodist Church, $4000 + Mrs. Buchanan, 1000 + Geo. Baxter, 800 + Robt. McHarg, 800 + ------ + Total, $6600 + + + NORTH BRITISH AND MERCANTILE. + + Mrs. Gordon, $900 + John Connolly, 1600 + T. W. Peters, 2500 + Methodist Church (re-insurance), 1000 + ------ + Total, $6000 + + + QUEEN. + + Geo. Ruddock, $1200 + Methodist Mission House, 2400 + James Scott, 1700 + H. Montague, 800 + John McKechnie, 800 + Robert Rankin, 2000 + Do., 1500 + R. Ewing, 1200 + E. Sargent, 800 + E. Elliott, 1000 + A. Johnston, 700 + Jas. Pender, 500 + Estate Jas. Kerr, 600 + ------ + $15,200 + Partial losses, 1000 + ------ + Total, $16,200 + + + CITIZENS'. + + Messrs. Corbett, 400 + Mrs. Farson, 1200 + Wm. McIntyre, 1250 + Chas. Long, 1100 + John Bradley, 400 + David Breen, 300 + Wm. Gray, 200 + Mary Long, 400 + Thomas McMaster, 600 + R. McIntyre, 700 + Arthur Rodgers, 700 + Thomas Youngclaus, 800 + ------ + Total, $8050 + + + ROYAL CANADIAN. + + Mary Ann Daley, $600 + + + CANADA FIRE AND MARINE. + + Thomas Aubrey, $100 + Mary Long, 300 + John McDermott, 600 + Ann Leckey, 500 + Margaret Curry, 200 + R. C. Gordon, 1200 + G. F. Smith, 800 + Gertrude Farson, 1500 + F. C. Dunham, 550 + G. F. Jenkins, 500 + John Greer, 500 + John Reed, 200 + ------ + Total, $6950 + + + AETNA. + + G. McMonagle, $1000 + McIntyre, 600 + James Bartlett, 300 + A. R. Ferguson, 2000 + ------ + Total, $3900 + + + HARTFORD. + + Jos. Stubbs, $500 + Jas. Boyle, 400 + John Brook, 1000 + Geo. R. Rigby, 300 + Richard Anderson, 1000 + ------ + Total, $3200 + + + IMPERIAL. + + R. A. H. Morrow, $200 + R. Flynn, 1000 + Samuel Gillespie, 1200 + John Brook, 1000 + Wm. Ruddock, estate, 1400 + Mrs. Sarah Irvine, 800 + Robert Rankine, 1500 + ------ + Total, $7100 + + + BRITISH AMERICAN. + + James Bartlett, $400 + Mrs. S. Osborne, 100 + ------ + Total, $500 + + + ISOLATED RISK. + + R. Jones, $ 500 + Chas. Long, 400 + ------ + Total, $900 + + The Guardian, $4000 + The National, 500 + Western, 200 + +At eleven o'clock the Portland Town Council met to consider the best way +in which relief for the sufferers could be administered. The Mayor of +St. John, Dr. Earle, the High Sheriff, and Harris Allan, Esq., of the +Relief and Aid Society, were present. On motion it was resolved that +the council should attend to the wants of the homeless, and committees +were immediately appointed to perform the various duties incumbent on +them. These were Couns. Chesley and Munro, to look up school-houses; +Couns. McLean and Holly, clearing engine house; Couns. Puddington and +Cochran, securing cooking stoves; Couns. Purdy and Hamilton, supplying +provisions; Couns. Gilbert and Austin, straw mattrasses; Chairman, H. +Hilyard and Couns. Chesley, Shelter, His Lordship Bishop Sweeny, and +Messrs. Robert H. Flaherty, and F. Hazen having offered the committee +the use of their buildings, were publicly thanked for their kindly +forethought. On the night of the fire upwards of fifty families were +provided with shelter by the authorities. + +On Monday, 22nd October, at a general meeting of St. John Relief +Committee, it was decided that temporary relief should be at once given +to the poor. This lasted one week. At the expiration of that time the +Board of Directors, consisting of the whole Council of the Town of +Portland were in a position to administer their own relief. The +committees of the societies are as follows:-- + + +EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. + +The Chairman, and Messrs. Chesley, Duff, Puddington and Cochran. + + +SHELTER COMMITTEE. + +Messrs. Gilbert, Austin, Purdy and J. H. Parks. + + +VISITING COMMITTEE. + +Chairman, and Messrs. Holly and Maher. + + +SUBSCRIPTION COMMITTEE. + +Messrs. Puddington, Cochran, Maher and Holly. + +A very efficient ladies' committee was promptly organized, and through +their noble efforts a vast deal of suffering was prevented, Mrs. Simon +Baizley, Mrs. Barnhill, Mrs. D. B. Roberts, Mrs. Thomas Hilyard, Mrs. +Teed, Mrs. Almon and others comprised this committee. + +Up to November 28th, 1877, the following donations have been received in +aid of the people who were burnt out:-- + + +CASH. + + St. John Relief Committee $5,000 00 + Hon. Isaac Burpee 100 00 + Rev. Wm. Armstrong 25 00 + Rev. Geo. Armstrong 20 00 + George A. Schofield 10 00 + A. Cochran, Halifax, N. S. 1 00 + Mrs. Parnther 5 00 + Rev. T. Partridge, collection taken at Rothsay 30 50 + G. Sidney Smith, Esq., 10 00 + Draft from Wheelright, Anderson & Co. Boston, + Mass., $50 American currency 48 50 + Norman Robertson 10 00 + Wm. Wright, Esq., Liverpool, England, L100 stg. 479 32 + Wm. Shives Fisher 4 00 + Proceeds of entertainment at Fairville 50 70 + Proceeds lectures by Bishop Fallowes of the + Reformed Episcopal Church 45 00 + Collection from St. Jude's Church, S. S. + Thanksgiving Day 12 75 + George W. Roberts, Liverpool 100 00 + + +SUPPLIES. + + P. Nase & Son, twenty barrels potatoes, one chest tea. + Vroom & Arnold, thirty barrels potatoes. + James J. Follows, two barrels cabbages. + Chas., Fawcett, (Sackville, N. B.) four stoves. + Manchester, Robertson & Allison, goods to amount of one hundred + dollars. + Geo J. Fisher, thirty rolls roofing paper. + Thomas Cusack, blankets to value of $75. + + + + +Transcriber's Note + + +Illustrations have been moved near the relevant section of the text. + +I have used "=" in the text to denote use of an ornamental font. + +Inconsistencies have been retained in hyphenation, punctuation, +spacing between initials, spacing between alphabetic sections in +lists, italicization and capitalization except where indicated in +the list below. Alphabetization of list items has been left as-is +as has double punctuation such as ".:". The author has stated that +this book "has many imperfections" due to the speed in which it was +prepared in order to meet the publisher's timeline. It is clear that +some sections of the text were more carefully edited than others +prior to publishing. Consequently, I have made (and notated) +typographical corrections only for sections in which the majority of +the text adheres to a general standard of hyphenation, punctuation, +etc. + +Within Footnote "M," there is a picture of a pointing hand within the +text. Instead of the hand symbol, I used "==>". + +Here is a list of the minor typographical corrections made: + + - "1831" changed to "1841" on Page iv + - "Palace" changed to "Place" on Page v + - "Andrews" changed to "Andrew's" on Page v + - Period added after "Cent" on Page vi + - "Elgir" changed to "Elgin" on Page 32 + - Period removed ampersand on Page 32 + - "D. D." changed to "D.D." on Page 43 + - "to day" changed to "to-day" on Page 45 + - "hun" changed to "hundred" on Page 57 + - Text before "Legislature" is unclear and has been replaced by a + long dash + for Footnote E at the end of Chapter V + - Long space removed between "priests" and "who" on Page 75 + - Period added after "Friary" on for Footnote E at the end of + Chapter VI + - "gronnds" changed to "grounds" on Page 85 + - Comma added after "Esq." on Page 87 + - "The" changed to "the" for Footnote "M" at the end of Chapter + VII + - Comma changed to period after "Holmes" for Footnote "M" at the end + of Chapter VII + - Comma changed to a period after "eyes" on Page 102 + - Period added after "A" on Page 111 + - Period added after "BANK" on the caption for the illustration that + is now on Page 113 + - Extra space removed after "that" on Page 117 + - Period added after "Capt" on Page 126 + - Double quote added before "O" on Page 132 + - Comma added after "&c." on Page 132 + - Period added after "Mr" on Page 134 + - "Esq,," changed to "Esq.," on Page 135 + - "Esq,," changed to "Esq.," on Page 137 + - "the" added before "loveliest" on Page 140 + - Period added after "St" on Page 141 + - Period added after "Street" on Page 143 + - Period added after "side" on Page 151 + - Period added after "Rev" on Page 165 + - "p 166." removed from the anchor to Footnote S on page 165 since it + refers to placement of the footnote in the printed version of book + - "citty," changed to "Citty" followed by an emdash on Page 167 + - Period added after "present" on Page 167 + - "depart ments" changed to "departments" on Page 182 + - Comma removed after "Mouldings" on Page 185 + - Comma removed after "Brunswick" on Page 185 + - Comma removed after "Scotia" on Page 185 + - Comma removed after "Montreal" on Page 185 + - Comma added after "Cameron" on Page 185 + - Comma removed after "Co." on Page 185 + - Comma added after "Coughlan" on Page 186 + - Comma removed after "jr." on Page 186 + - Comma added after "Torre" on Page 187 + - Comma removed after "Logan" on Page 192 + - Comma added after "Leonard" on Page 192 + - Comma added after "Lipman" on Page 192 + - Comma added after "Littlejohn" on Page 192 + - Comma added after "May" on Page 193 + - Comma removed after "Pengilly" on Page 196 + - Space added after "Stewart" on Page 200 + - "Auctioner" changed to "Auctioneer" on Page 200 + - Comma added after "Wetmore" on Page 201 + - "Oddfellows" changed to "Odd Fellows" to match + Table of Contents on Page 203 + - Period added after "due" on Page 203 + - "bbls." changed to "bls" on Page 220 + - "ORTH" changed to "NORTH" on Page 221 + - Comma removed after "McNamara" on Page 223 + - Comma removed after "Homer" on Page 233 + - Comma removed after "McLaughlin" on Page 233 + - Colon after "$1,250" changed to a semicolon on Page 239 + - "fir" changed to "fire" on Page 241 + - "hese" changed to "These" on Page 248 + - Comma added after "happy" on Page 248 + - "1,000" changed to "$1,000" on Page 252 + - Period changed to a comma after "volume" on Page 259 + - "iscover" changed to "discover" on Page 260 + - Comma added after "works" on Page 262 + - "a a" changed to "a" on Page 264 + - Comma changed to a period after "Ont" on Page 271 + - Comma changed to a period after "Me" on Page 271 + - $ added before "2" on Page 271 + - There is an initial after "Alex.", but it is unclear. I have + replaced it with a short dash on Page 286 + - The name after "Samuel" is unclear. I have replaced the missing + section with a long dash on Page 287 + - Both names are unclear. I have replaced the missing sections with + long dashes on Page 287 + - Period added after "Mrs" on Page 288 + - Comma added after "about" on Page 288 + - Comma removed after "stg." on Page 292 + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Story of the Great Fire in St. +John, N.B., June 20th, 1877, by George Stewart + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STORY OF THE GREAT FIRE *** + +***** This file should be named 39260.txt or 39260.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/2/6/39260/ + +Produced by Robin Monks, Linda Hamilton, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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