diff options
| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 20:10:43 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 20:10:43 -0700 |
| commit | 6302e6bcb1eae36134fc0ed361d7f7ccc3540e60 (patch) | |
| tree | db5d48d341b93f31a4acecde7a83acf1409ebb41 | |
| -rw-r--r-- | .gitattributes | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38613-h.zip | bin | 0 -> 168647 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38613-h/38613-h.htm | 643 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38613-h/images/angel.jpg | bin | 0 -> 159436 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38613.txt | 654 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38613.zip | bin | 0 -> 13701 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | LICENSE.txt | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 2 |
8 files changed, 1313 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/38613-h.zip b/38613-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..78ce251 --- /dev/null +++ b/38613-h.zip diff --git a/38613-h/38613-h.htm b/38613-h/38613-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1e62a72 --- /dev/null +++ b/38613-h/38613-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,643 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<html> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content= + "text/html; charset=us-ascii"> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Life of St. Bridget, + Virgin and Abbess, Patroness of Ireland + </title> + <style type="text/css"> + h1 { text-align: center } + h2 { text-align: center } + body { margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%} + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Life of Saint Bridget, Virgin and Abbess, by +Anonymous + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Life of Saint Bridget, Virgin and Abbess + +Author: Anonymous + +Other: John Murphy + +Release Date: January 18, 2012 [EBook #38613] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE LIFE OF SAINT BRIDGET *** + + + + +Produced by Michael Gray, Diocese of San Jose + + + + + +</pre> + + + +<p align="center">THE</p> +<h1>LIFE OF SAINT BRIDGET</h1> +<h2>VIRGIN AND ABBESS</h2> +<h2>PATRONESS OF IRELAND</h2> + +<br><hr width="40%"><br> + +<p>"O how beautiful is the chaste generation with glory! for the memory thereof is +immortal: because it is known with God and with men, and it triumpheth, crowned for +ever." WISD. iv, 1.</p> +<br> +<p>NEXT to the glorious St. Patrick, St. Bridget—whom we may consider his +spiritual daughter in Christ—has ever been held in singular veneration in +Ireland. Even in the neighboring kingdoms of England and Scotland, as a foreign writer +affirms, this great saint has, after the glorious Virgin Mother of God, been +singularly honored and revered. <a href="#1"><sup>[1]</sup></a> A pity, then, it is, +that we know so little of her hitherto, and that our means of knowing much are still +so scanty. We are not able to give more than a biographical sketch, but the facts are +so interesting, and above all so edifying, as will in some measure compensate for +their fewness. To commence, then, our account of the great patroness of Ireland:</p> +<br> +<p>NATIVITY OF ST. BRIDGET—HER EARLY PIETY—SHE EMBRACES THE RELIGIOUS +STATE AND FOUNDS SEVERAL MONASTERIES—HER SAINTLY DEATH.</p> +<br> +<p>ABOUT the year of our Lord, 453, was St. Bridget born. The place of her nativity +was Tochard or Taugher, in the vicinity of Dundalk, though her illustrious father, +Dubtach, and her mother Brocessa or Brotseach, of the noble house of O'Connor, usually +resided in Leinster. During her youth every attention, which parents of distinguished +rank and eminent piety could employ, was assiduously paid to her education. Great +things were expected from her; "during her infancy her pious father had a vision, in +which he saw men clothed in white garments pouring, as it were, a sacred unguent on +her head, thereby prefiguring her future sanctity. While yet very young, Bridget, for +the love of Christ our Lord, whom she chose for her spouse, and to whom she was +closely united in heart and spirit, bestowed every thing at her disposal on His +suffering members, the poor, and was the edification of all who knew her. She was +surpassingly beautiful; and fearing, in consequence, that efforts might be made by her +many suitors to dissolve the sacred vow by which she had bound herself to the Lord, +she besought Him to render her deformed, and to deprive her of that gracefulness of +person which had gained for her such admiration. Her petition was instantly heard, for +her eye became swoln, and her whole countenance so changed, that she was permitted to +follow her vocation in peace, and marriage with her was no more thought of. </p> +<p>"After a short interval, and when she was about twenty years old, <a +href="#2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> the young virgin made known to Maccaille a bishop, and a +disciple of St. Patrick, and who had seen over her head a pillar of fire, her +determination to live only to Christ Jesus, her heavenly Bridegroom, and he quite +approved of her pious resolve, and consented to receive her sacred vows. On the +appointed day, the solemn ceremony of her profession was performed, after the manner +introduced by St. Patrick, the bishop putting up many holy prayers, and investing +Bridget with a snow-white habit and a cloak of the same color, after she had put off +her secular ornaments. While she inclined her head on this happy occasion to receive +the sacred veil, a miracle of a singularly striking and impressive nature occurred; +that part of the wooden platform adjoining the altar on which she knelt recovered its +pristine vitality, and put on, as all the bystanders witnessed, its former +<i>greenness</i> and verdure, retaining it for a long time after. At the same moment +Bridget's eye was healed, and she became as beautiful and lovely as ever." (Lessons in +Office of St. Bridget.) </p> +<p>Encouraged by her example, three, or, as some say, eight, other ladies made their +vows with her, and in compliance with the wish of the parents of these her new +associates, the saint agreed to found a religious residence for herself and them in +the vicinity. A convenient site having been fixed upon by the bishop, a +convent—the first in Ireland—was erected upon it; and, in obedience to the +prelate, Bridget assumed the superiority. Her reputation for sanctity became greater +every day, and in proportion as it was diffused throughout the country, so increased +the number of candidates for admission into the new monastery. The bishops of Ireland +soon perceiving the important advantages which their respective dioceses would derive +from similar foundations, procured that the young and saintly abbess should visit +different parts of the kingdom, and, as an opportunity offered, introduce into each +one the establishment of her institute. </p> +<p>While thus engaged in a portion of the province of Connaught, a deputation arrived +from Leinster to solicit the saint to take up her residence in that territory; but the +motives which they urged were human, and such could have no weight with Bridget. She +was insensible to every argument founded on friendship and family connections (for, as +we have already said, she was of Leinster descent, and had spent in that province a +great portion of her youth); it was only the prospect of the many spiritual advantages +that would result from compliance with their request, that induced her to accede, as +she did, to the wishes of the respectable body which had petitioned her. Some time +after, the saint taking with her a number of her spiritual daughters, journeyed to +Leinster, where they were received with many demonstrations of respect and joy, the +people exulting at the great spiritual good which they were about to confer on the +province. The site on which Kildare now stands appearing to be well adapted for a +religious institute, there the saint and her companions took up their abode. To the +place appropriated for the new foundation some lands were annexed, the fruits of which +were assigned to the little establishment. This donation, indeed, contributed to +supply the wants of the community, but still the pious sisterhood principally depended +for their maintenance on the liberality of their benefactors. "Mercy having grown up" +with Bridget from her very childhood, she contrived out of their small means to +relieve the poor of the vicinity very considerably, and when the wants of these +indigent persons surpassed her slender finances, she hesitated not to sacrifice for +them the moveables of the convent. On one occasion, when their distress was unusually +grievous, the spouse of Christ, imitating the burning charity of St. Ambrose and other +great servants of God, sold some of the sacred vestments that she might procure the +means of relieving their necessities. She was very generous and hospitable too, +particularly to bishops and religious, and so humble, that she sometimes attended the +cattle on the land which belonged to her monastery. </p> +<p>The renown of Bridget's unbounded charity drew multitudes of the poor and +necessitous to Kildare; the fame of her piety attracted thither many persons of +distinction also, who were anxious to solicit her prayers or to profit by her holy +example. In course of time the number of these so much increased, (and what an +additional proof does it not afford of the thirst for spiritual improvement indulged +by our ancestors!) that it became necessary to provide accommodation for them in the +neighborhood of the new monastery, and thus was laid the foundation and origin of the +town of Kildare. <a href="#3"><sup>[3]</sup></a> </p> +<p>The spiritual exigencies of her community and of those numerous strangers who +resorted to the vicinity, having suggested to our saint the expediency of procuring +the locality to be erected into an episcopal see, she represented it to the prelates, +to whom the consideration of it rightly belonged. Deeming the proposal just and +useful, Conlath, a recluse of eminent sanctity, illustrious by the great things which +God had granted to his prayers, was, at Bridget's desire, chosen the first bishop of +the newly-erected diocese. In process of time, it became the ecclesiastical metropolis +of the province to which it belonged, <a href="#4"><sup>[4]</sup></a> probably in +consequence of the general desire to honor the place in which St. Bridget had so long +abode. Over all the convents of her institute established throughout the kingdom, a +special jurisdiction is said to have been exercised by Conlath and his successors in +the see of Kildare; but the evidence supplied by historians on this point is by no +means of a conclusive character: the only inference that can be deduced from their +statements is, that, in virtue of his dignity as metropolitan, the bishop of Kildare +was specially charged with the care of the Bridgetine convents established within the +province. </p> +<p>The desire of the holy abbess for the permanent residence of a prelate at Kildare +being accomplished, she applied herself unreservedly to the care of the community over +which she immediately presided, and was to them in her every act what the devout A +Kempis means by "a mirror of life, and a book of holy doctrine." "Her sanctity was +attested by many miracles. She was constantly occupied in promoting the good of +others; she often cleansed the lepers, healed the sick and languishing by her prayers, +and obtained sight for one blind from his nativity. Nor was the spirit of prophecy +wanting to her; numerous were her predictions of future things." (Office, 3 Less. +Roman Breviary.)</p> +<p>The most eminent persons of her time either visited or corresponded with St. +Bridget. Besides several others, St. Albeus, bishop of Cashel or Emly, and St. Brendan +of Clonfert, conferred with her on religious subjects; and the celebrated Gildas is +said to have sent her, as a token of his esteem, a small bell cast by himself. <a +href="#5"><sup>[5]</sup></a></p> +<p>After seventy years devoted to the practice of the most sublime virtues, corporal +infirmities admonished the saint that the time of her dissolution was nigh. It was now +half a century since, by her holy vows, she had irrevocably consecrated herself to +God, and, during that period, great results had been attained, her holy institute +having widely diffused itself throughout the green isle, and greatly advanced the +cause of religion in the various districts in which it was established. Like <i>a +river of peace</i>, its progress was steady and silent; it fertilized every region +fortunate enough to receive its waters, and caused them to bloom forth spiritual +flowers and fruits with all the sweet perfume of evangelical fragrance. The +remembrance of the glory she had procured to the Most High, as well as the services +rendered to dear souls ransomed by the precious blood of her divine Spouse, cheered +and consoled Bridget in the infirmities inseparable from old age. Her last illness was +soothed by the presence of Nennidh, a priest of eminent sanctity, over whose youth she +had watched with pious solicitude, and who was indebted to her prayers and +instructions for his great proficiency in sublime perfection. <a +href="#6"><sup>[6]</sup></a> The day on which our abbess was to terminate her course +(Feb. 1, 523) having arrived, she received from the hands of this saintly priest the +blessed body and blood of her Lord in the Divine Eucharist, and as it would seem, +immediately after her spirit passed forth, and went to possess Him in that heavenly +country where He is seen <i>face to face</i> and enjoyed without danger of ever losing +Him. Her body was interred in the church adjoining her convent, but was some time +after exhumed, and deposited in a splendid shrine near the high altar. Cogitosus, who +lived two centuries later, thus describes the church which then contained this +valuable treasure: "The church of Kildare enclosed an ample space of ground, and was +of a height proportioned to its extent. The building was divided into three +compartments, each one of them remarkable for the vastness of its dimensions, yet by +the ingenuity of the architect, one roof skilfully adapted, covered the entire. The +eastern division of the structure, terminated at north and south by two of its +exterior walls, while a wooden partition extending to the north and south, and +separated by a small interstice from the eastern extremity of the church, formed the +enclosure of the sanctuary. Adjoining the latter, and at its northern and southern +points, were two doors, by one of which the bishop and his assistant entered to +celebrate the Holy Mass, and perform the other public offices; while by the other the +nuns were admitted on the days on which they were to receive the Holy Communion. The +nave of the church was again divided into two parts with separate entrances. One +division was appropriated to the male portion of the congregation, the other was +exclusively reserved for females. The appearance of the edifice was very pleasing, +continues the same author, by the number of windows distributed through the entire +building. On the eastern extremity, the limit of the sanctuary, was a variety of +sacred images, which met the eye the very moment one entered the porch of the church, +and the interstices were filled up with suitable decorations. At either side of the +altar stood the sacred shrines of St. Bridget and St. Conlath, which were adorned with +a profusion of precious metals exquisitely wrought, studded with costly gems and +stones of great price, and surmounted by diadems of gold and silver, types of the +glory with which the Lord rewards His faithful servants." (Vita St. Brigid.) </p> +<p>In the following (the 9th) century, the country being desolated by the Danes, the +remains of St. Bridget were removed in order to secure them from irreverence, and +transferred to Down, were deposited in the same grave with those of glorious St. +Patrick. The Bridgetines, the holy order founded by this holy virgin, and her most +precious memorial, continued to flourish for centuries after her decease, and gave +many saints to Ireland.</p> +<br><br><br> +<p align="center"><img src="images/angel.jpg" alt="An angel"></p> +<br><br><br> +<p><a name="1">[1]</a> Hector Bœthius' History of Scotland, L. 9 </p> +<p><a name="2">[2]</a> The age of twenty years was that required by the Irish Church +to making the monastic vows. (Synod St. Patric. ch. 17.)</p> +<p><a name="3">[3]</a> Kildare got its name from there being a very high oak tree near +St. Bridget's habitation. <i>Kil</i> signifying cell—<i>Dura</i>, oak tree.</p> +<p><a name="4">[4]</a> Cogitosus Vita St. Brigida.</p> +<p><a name="5">[5]</a> Dr. Lanigan, ch. 9, sect. 5, Eccles. Hist. Ireland. </p> +<p><a name="6">[6]</a> "Nennidh was a student, perhaps at Kildare, when St. Bridget +happening one day to be with some of her nuns near the monastery, saw him <i>running +very fast and in an unbecoming manner</i>. Having sent for and inquired of him whither +he was running in such haste, he replied, as if in jest, <i>To the Kingdom of +Heaven</i>. Whereupon the saint gravely said, <i>I wish I deserved to run along with +you to-day to that Kingdom, pray for me that I may reach it</i>. Affected by these +words, the young man besought her to recommend him to God that he might pursue a +steady course towards Heaven. She promptly acquiesced, and the consequence was his +commencement from that moment of a life of perfection."—Dr. Lanigan, 9 ch. 5 +section, Eccles. History.</p> + +<br><br><br> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Life of Saint Bridget, Virgin and +Abbess, by Anonymous + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE LIFE OF SAINT BRIDGET *** + +***** This file should be named 38613-h.htm or 38613-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/8/6/1/38613/ + +Produced by Michael Gray, Diocese of San Jose + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + +</pre> + +</body> +</html> + diff --git a/38613-h/images/angel.jpg b/38613-h/images/angel.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..755d88b --- /dev/null +++ b/38613-h/images/angel.jpg diff --git a/38613.txt b/38613.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..67c6687 --- /dev/null +++ b/38613.txt @@ -0,0 +1,654 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Life of Saint Bridget, Virgin and Abbess, by +Anonymous + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Life of Saint Bridget, Virgin and Abbess + +Author: Anonymous + +Other: John Murphy + +Release Date: January 18, 2012 [EBook #38613] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE LIFE OF SAINT BRIDGET *** + + + + +Produced by Michael Gray, Diocese of San Jose + + + + + THE + LIFE OF SAINT BRIDGET + + VIRGIN AND ABBESS + PATRONESS OF IRELAND + + +"O how beautiful is the chaste generation with glory! for the memory +thereof is immortal: because it is known with God and with men, and +it triumpheth, crowned for ever." WISD. iv, 1. + +NEXT to the glorious St. Patrick, St. Bridget--whom we may consider +his spiritual daughter in Christ--has ever been held in singular +veneration in Ireland. Even in the neighboring kingdoms of England +and Scotland, as a foreign writer affirms, this great saint has, +after the glorious Virgin Mother of God, been singularly honored and +revered. [1] A pity, then, it is, that we know so little of her +hitherto, and that our means of knowing much are still so scanty. We +are not able to give more than a biographical sketch, but the facts +are so interesting, and above all so edifying, as will in some +measure compensate for their fewness. To commence, then, our account +of the great patroness of Ireland: + + +NATIVITY OF ST. BRIDGET--HER EARLY PIETY--SHE EMBRACES THE RELIGIOUS +STATE AND FOUNDS SEVERAL MONASTERIES--HER SAINTLY DEATH. + +ABOUT the year of our Lord, 453, was St. Bridget born. The place of +her nativity was Tochard or Taugher, in the vicinity of Dundalk, +though her illustrious father, Dubtach, and her mother Brocessa or +Brotseach, of the noble house of O'Connor, usually resided in +Leinster. During her youth every attention, which parents of +distinguished rank and eminent piety could employ, was assiduously +paid to her education. Great things were expected from her; "during +her infancy her pious father had a vision, in which he saw men +clothed in white garments pouring, as it were, a sacred unguent on +her head, thereby prefiguring her future sanctity. While yet very +young, Bridget, for the love of Christ our Lord, whom she chose for +her spouse, and to whom she was closely united in heart and spirit, +bestowed every thing at her disposal on His suffering members, the +poor, and was the edification of all who knew her. She was +surpassingly beautiful; and fearing, in consequence, that efforts +might be made by her many suitors to dissolve the sacred vow by which +she had bound herself to the Lord, she besought Him to render her +deformed, and to deprive her of that gracefulness of person which had +gained for her such admiration. Her petition was instantly heard, for +her eye became swoln, and her whole countenance so changed, that she +was permitted to follow her vocation in peace, and marriage with her +was no more thought of. + +"After a short interval, and when she was about twenty years old, [2] +the young virgin made known to Maccaille a bishop, and a disciple of +St. Patrick, and who had seen over her head a pillar of fire, her +determination to live only to Christ Jesus, her heavenly Bridegroom, +and he quite approved of her pious resolve, and consented to receive +her sacred vows. On the appointed day, the solemn ceremony of her +profession was performed, after the manner introduced by St. Patrick, +the bishop putting up many holy prayers, and investing Bridget with a +snow-white habit and a cloak of the same color, after she had put off +her secular ornaments. While she inclined her head on this happy +occasion to receive the sacred veil, a miracle of a singularly +striking and impressive nature occurred; that part of the wooden +platform adjoining the altar on which she knelt recovered its +pristine vitality, and put on, as all the bystanders witnessed, its +former _greenness_ and verdure, retaining it for a long time after. +At the same moment Bridget's eye was healed, and she became as +beautiful and lovely as ever." (Lessons in Office of St. Bridget.) + +Encouraged by her example, three, or, as some say, eight, other +ladies made their vows with her, and in compliance with the wish of +the parents of these her new associates, the saint agreed to found a +religious residence for herself and them in the vicinity. A +convenient site having been fixed upon by the bishop, a convent--the +first in Ireland--was erected upon it; and, in obedience to the +prelate, Bridget assumed the superiority. Her reputation for sanctity +became greater every day, and in proportion as it was diffused +throughout the country, so increased the number of candidates for +admission into the new monastery. The bishops of Ireland soon +perceiving the important advantages which their respective dioceses +would derive from similar foundations, procured that the young and +saintly abbess should visit different parts of the kingdom, and, as +an opportunity offered, introduce into each one the establishment of +her institute. + +While thus engaged in a portion of the province of Connaught, a +deputation arrived from Leinster to solicit the saint to take up her +residence in that territory; but the motives which they urged were +human, and such could have no weight with Bridget. She was insensible +to every argument founded on friendship and family connections (for, +as we have already said, she was of Leinster descent, and had spent +in that province a great portion of her youth); it was only the +prospect of the many spiritual advantages that would result from +compliance with their request, that induced her to accede, as she +did, to the wishes of the respectable body which had petitioned her. +Some time after, the saint taking with her a number of her spiritual +daughters, journeyed to Leinster, where they were received with many +demonstrations of respect and joy, the people exulting at the great +spiritual good which they were about to confer on the province. The +site on which Kildare now stands appearing to be well adapted for a +religious institute, there the saint and her companions took up their +abode. To the place appropriated for the new foundation some lands +were annexed, the fruits of which were assigned to the little +establishment. This donation, indeed, contributed to supply the wants +of the community, but still the pious sisterhood principally depended +for their maintenance on the liberality of their benefactors. "Mercy +having grown up" with Bridget from her very childhood, she contrived +out of their small means to relieve the poor of the vicinity very +considerably, and when the wants of these indigent persons surpassed +her slender finances, she hesitated not to sacrifice for them the +moveables of the convent. On one occasion, when their distress was +unusually grievous, the spouse of Christ, imitating the burning +charity of St. Ambrose and other great servants of God, sold some of +the sacred vestments that she might procure the means of relieving +their necessities. She was very generous and hospitable too, +particularly to bishops and religious, and so humble, that she +sometimes attended the cattle on the land which belonged to her +monastery. + +The renown of Bridget's unbounded charity drew multitudes of the poor +and necessitous to Kildare; the fame of her piety attracted thither +many persons of distinction also, who were anxious to solicit her +prayers or to profit by her holy example. In course of time the +number of these so much increased, (and what an additional proof does +it not afford of the thirst for spiritual improvement indulged by our +ancestors!) that it became necessary to provide accommodation for +them in the neighborhood of the new monastery, and thus was laid the +foundation and origin of the town of Kildare. [3] + +The spiritual exigencies of her community and of those numerous +strangers who resorted to the vicinity, having suggested to our saint +the expediency of procuring the locality to be erected into an +episcopal see, she represented it to the prelates, to whom the +consideration of it rightly belonged. Deeming the proposal just and +useful, Conlath, a recluse of eminent sanctity, illustrious by the +great things which God had granted to his prayers, was, at Bridget's +desire, chosen the first bishop of the newly-erected diocese. In +process of time, it became the ecclesiastical metropolis of the +province to which it belonged, [4] probably in consequence of the +general desire to honor the place in which St. Bridget had so long +abode. Over all the convents of her institute established throughout +the kingdom, a special jurisdiction is said to have been exercised by +Conlath and his successors in the see of Kildare; but the evidence +supplied by historians on this point is by no means of a conclusive +character: the only inference that can be deduced from their +statements is, that, in virtue of his dignity as metropolitan, the +bishop of Kildare was specially charged with the care of the +Bridgetine convents established within the province. + +The desire of the holy abbess for the permanent residence of a +prelate at Kildare being accomplished, she applied herself +unreservedly to the care of the community over which she immediately +presided, and was to them in her every act what the devout A Kempis +means by "a mirror of life, and a book of holy doctrine." "Her +sanctity was attested by many miracles. She was constantly occupied +in promoting the good of others; she often cleansed the lepers, +healed the sick and languishing by her prayers, and obtained sight +for one blind from his nativity. Nor was the spirit of prophecy +wanting to her; numerous were her predictions of future things." +(Office, 3 Less. Roman Breviary.) + +The most eminent persons of her time either visited or corresponded +with St. Bridget. Besides several others, St. Albeus, bishop of +Cashel or Emly, and St. Brendan of Clonfert, conferred with her on +religious subjects; and the celebrated Gildas is said to have sent +her, as a token of his esteem, a small bell cast by himself. [5] + +After seventy years devoted to the practice of the most sublime +virtues, corporal infirmities admonished the saint that the time of +her dissolution was nigh. It was now half a century since, by her +holy vows, she had irrevocably consecrated herself to God, and, +during that period, great results had been attained, her holy +institute having widely diffused itself throughout the green isle, +and greatly advanced the cause of religion in the various districts +in which it was established. Like _a river of peace_, its progress +was steady and silent; it fertilized every region fortunate enough to +receive its waters, and caused them to bloom forth spiritual flowers +and fruits with all the sweet perfume of evangelical fragrance. The +remembrance of the glory she had procured to the Most High, as well +as the services rendered to dear souls ransomed by the precious blood +of her divine Spouse, cheered and consoled Bridget in the infirmities +inseparable from old age. Her last illness was soothed by the +presence of Nennidh, a priest of eminent sanctity, over whose youth +she had watched with pious solicitude, and who was indebted to her +prayers and instructions for his great proficiency in sublime +perfection. [6] The day on which our abbess was to terminate her +course (Feb. 1, 523) having arrived, she received from the hands of +this saintly priest the blessed body and blood of her Lord in the +Divine Eucharist, and as it would seem, immediately after her spirit +passed forth, and went to possess Him in that heavenly country where +He is seen _face to face_ and enjoyed without danger of ever losing +Him. Her body was interred in the church adjoining her convent, but +was some time after exhumed, and deposited in a splendid shrine near +the high altar. Cogitosus, who lived two centuries later, thus +describes the church which then contained this valuable treasure: +"The church of Kildare enclosed an ample space of ground, and was of +a height proportioned to its extent. The building was divided into +three compartments, each one of them remarkable for the vastness of +its dimensions, yet by the ingenuity of the architect, one roof +skilfully adapted, covered the entire. The eastern division of the +structure, terminated at north and south by two of its exterior +walls, while a wooden partition extending to the north and south, and +separated by a small interstice from the eastern extremity of the +church, formed the enclosure of the sanctuary. Adjoining the latter, +and at its northern and southern points, were two doors, by one of +which the bishop and his assistant entered to celebrate the Holy +Mass, and perform the other public offices; while by the other the +nuns were admitted on the days on which they were to receive the Holy +Communion. The nave of the church was again divided into two parts +with separate entrances. One division was appropriated to the male +portion of the congregation, the other was exclusively reserved for +females. The appearance of the edifice was very pleasing, continues +the same author, by the number of windows distributed through the +entire building. On the eastern extremity, the limit of the +sanctuary, was a variety of sacred images, which met the eye the very +moment one entered the porch of the church, and the interstices were +filled up with suitable decorations. At either side of the altar +stood the sacred shrines of St. Bridget and St. Conlath, which were +adorned with a profusion of precious metals exquisitely wrought, +studded with costly gems and stones of great price, and surmounted by +diadems of gold and silver, types of the glory with which the Lord +rewards His faithful servants." (Vita St. Brigid.) + +In the following (the 9th) century, the country being desolated by +the Danes, the remains of St. Bridget were removed in order to secure +them from irreverence, and transferred to Down, were deposited in the +same grave with those of glorious St. Patrick. The Bridgetines, the +holy order founded by this holy virgin, and her most precious +memorial, continued to flourish for centuries after her decease, and +gave many saints to Ireland. + + + +[1] Hector Boethius' History of Scotland, L. 9 + +[2] The age of twenty years was that required by the Irish Church to +making the monastic vows. (Synod St. Patric. ch. 17.) + +[3] Kildare got its name from there being a very high oak tree near +St. Bridget's habitation. _Kil_ signifying cell--_Dura_, oak tree. + +[4] Cogitosus Vita St. Brigida. + +[5] Dr. Lanigan, ch. 9, sect. 5, Eccles. Hist. Ireland. + +[6] "Nennidh was a student, perhaps at Kildare, when St. Bridget +happening one day to be with some of her nuns near the monastery, saw +him _running very fast and in an unbecoming manner_. Having sent for +and inquired of him whither he was running in such haste, he replied, +as if in jest, _To the Kingdom of Heaven_. Whereupon the saint +gravely said, _I wish I deserved to run along with you to-day to that +Kingdom, pray for me that I may reach it_. Affected by these words, +the young man besought her to recommend him to God that he might +pursue a steady course towards Heaven. She promptly acquiesced, and +the consequence was his commencement from that moment of a life of +perfection."--Dr. Lanigan, 9 ch. 5 section, Eccles. History. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Life of Saint Bridget, Virgin and +Abbess, by Anonymous + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE LIFE OF SAINT BRIDGET *** + +***** This file should be named 38613.txt or 38613.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/8/6/1/38613/ + +Produced by Michael Gray, Diocese of San Jose + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/38613.zip b/38613.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..d2a8341 --- /dev/null +++ b/38613.zip diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3115f13 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #38613 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/38613) |
