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+Project Gutenberg's The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. McKay
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Court Houses of a Century
+       A Brief Historical Sketch of the Court Houses of London
+       Distict, the County of Middlesex, and County of Elgin
+
+Author: Kenneth W. McKay
+
+Release Date: January 21, 2011 [EBook #35026]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE COURT HOUSES OF A CENTURY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Louise Pattison and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The Court Houses
+
+--OF A--
+
+Century.
+
+1800-1900.
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: HOUSE OF LIEUT. JAMES MUNRO, ERECTED 1798, LOT 14, CON. 5,
+CHARLOTTEVILLE--USED AS COURT HOUSE, LONDON DISTRICT, 1800-1802.
+(_Reproduced by permission of the Ontario Historical Society and William
+Briggs, Publisher._)]
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The Court Houses
+
+--OF A--
+
+Century.
+
+A Brief Historical Sketch of the Court Houses of the London District,
+the County of Middlesex and County of Elgin.
+
+COMPILED BY
+KENNETH W. McKAY, COUNTY CLERK.
+
+PUBLISHED BY
+THE ELGIN COUNTY COUNCIL.
+
+With Introduction by James H. Coyne, B. A.
+
+THE TIMES PRINTING COMPANY OF ST. THOMAS, LIMITED.
+
+1901.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+                                                          PAGE.
+
+    1. Introduction. By J. H. Coyne, B. A.                   1
+
+    2. The Munro House, 1800-1802                            5
+
+    3. The Turkey Point Court House                          6
+
+    4. The Vittoria Court House, 1815-1826                   7
+
+    5. The London Court Houses, 1826-1853                    7
+
+    6. The Elgin Court Houses, 1853-1900                     9
+
+    7. Statistics--Population, Number of Houses, Etc.       27
+
+    8. Plan of Court House                                  28
+
+
+ILLUSTRATIONS.
+
+    1. Frontispiece. The Munro House
+
+    2. The London Court House                                8
+
+    3. Warden Locker, 1852-1855                             10
+
+    4. The Elgin Court House, 1860                          11
+
+    5. D. J. Hughes, Esq., County Judge, 1853               12
+
+    6. The Elgin Court House Before the Fire                13
+
+    7. Court Room after the Fire                            14
+
+    8. Wardens 1898-1899, Chairman Building Committee,
+       Architect and Contractor                             16
+
+    9. New Court House                                      17
+
+    10. D. J. Hughes, Esq., County Judge, 1899              18
+
+    11. Court Room                                          19
+
+    12. Library                                             20
+
+    13. County Council Chamber                              21
+
+    14. County Clerk's Office                               22
+
+    15. Stained Glass Window, Main Stairway                 23
+
+    16. Court House, East Side, showing Jail Entrance       24
+
+    17. Gaol Yard                                           25
+
+    18. A Gaol Ward                                         26
+
+    19. Plan of Building                                    28
+
+
+REFERENCES.
+
+    District and County Records.
+
+    Oxford Gazetteer, by Shenston.
+
+    U. E. L. Settlement at Long Point, by Tasker.
+
+
+
+
+_"In any age it is a duty which every country owes to itself, to
+preserve the records of the past and to honor the men and women whose
+lives and deeds made possible its present, and to-day when the whole
+civilized world is throbbing to social and political impulses of the
+greatest significance for the future, we ought especially to call to
+mind such lives and deeds and catch, if we can, inspiration for acting
+well the part that falls to each of us."_
+
+
+
+
+INTRODUCTION.
+
+
+THE PASSING CENTURY.
+
+
+The Wonderful Century is before the bar of history. Its record shows
+everywhere progress, consolidation, expansion, improvement. Civilization
+has spread, barbarism has given away. Labor has been restored to its
+honorable station, and idleness is accounted dishonor. Privilege has
+been curtailed, liberty has widened its borders. Slavery has almost
+disappeared from the earth. The beneficent forces are stronger. The
+comforts and conveniences of life are increased and more evenly
+distributed. Disease and pain have been brought under control.
+
+Life has been made more interesting. Travel is easier and cheaper, and
+mankind has become acquainted with the world it inhabits. The stars have
+been discovered. They have been weighed and analysed. The human mind has
+expanded with wider knowledge.
+
+The railway, electricity and the Postal Union have gone far to blend the
+nations into one. Every day, all round the globe, men read the same
+news, think the same thoughts, are thrilled with the same tidings of
+heroism or suffering. Human sympathy is broadened and deepened. Mankind
+is more homogeneous in spirit. Statecraft, literature, society, have
+become democratic and cosmopolitan.
+
+The spirit of union dominates the century. The forces of disunion and
+disintegration are everywhere routed. Mutual benevolence is organized
+for greater effectiveness. Universal education, equality of rights and
+responsibilities, are principles of government. Religion, emphasizing
+points of agreement and ignoring points of difference, manifests itself
+in its works as never before.
+
+The century spans the years from Copenhagen to Paardeburg, from Nelson
+and Napoleon to Roberts and Kruger. As the battle of Copenhagen
+established the naval supremacy of Britain, so Paardeburg welded the
+empire, one and inseparable. In 1800 the principle of a United Empire
+was represented by the Loyalists of Upper Canada standing almost alone.
+In 1900, borne by their descendants to the distant plains of South
+Africa, it reached its full fruition in the final charge by the
+Canadians under Otter, on the banks of the Modder River. The principle
+includes the realization of all that the century stands for--union,
+equal rights, progress, justice, humanity.
+
+It is my task to say a brief foreword on the progress of Canada and
+especially the county of Elgin. The beginning of the century found
+Ontario almost an unbroken wilderness. Rare and scanty were the
+clearings here and there along Lakes Erie and Ontario, and on the great
+rivers. The winter express from Detroit to York or Niagara, made its way
+along the lonely forest path. At long intervals only did he perceive the
+smoke rising in the crisp air, from the hospitable and welcome cabin.
+The frightened deer bounded across his path into the deeper woods. The
+bear hybernated in the hollow tree. The long howling of the wolves broke
+on the midnight air. The lynx and panther crouched among the branches,
+ready to spring on the unwary traveller. The only sign of human life was
+the Indian hunter following the trail of the turkey or wild beast.
+
+It was in the first year of the century that a young man of twenty-nine,
+giving up brilliant prospects in the army, and turning his back on
+society, found his way to the township of Yarmouth and began a clearing
+at or near Port Stanley. With royal dukes for his advocates, he applied
+to the Imperial authorities for a large grant of land to form a
+settlement. Two years later he succeeded. Yarmouth had been appropriated
+to others, and Colonel Thomas Talbot began his actual settlement in
+Dunwich. In the middle of the century, or more accurately in the year
+1853, he died. In the same year the separation of Elgin from Middlesex
+was completed, and Colonel Talbot's "capital," St. Thomas, was made the
+County Town.
+
+Nearly another half century has passed since then, and it includes the
+history of the County of Elgin as a separate municipality.
+
+The death of the eccentric founder of the settlement divides nearly
+equally the history of the county from the time when its only
+inhabitants were the bear, wolf and panther, to the end of the century,
+which finds the county well cleared and cultivated throughout its entire
+extent; intersected by splendid highways, including the lines of five
+railway companies; peopled with a numerous and enterprising community,
+God-fearing and law-abiding, industrious and prosperous. The thriving
+city of St. Thomas, the enterprising and flourishing town of Aylmer, and
+numerous promising villages, advancing with rapid strides in magnitude
+and importance, form centres of population, where a century ago the
+primeval silence was unbroken, save by the footfall of the Mississaga
+ranging the woods in pursuit of game.
+
+It was during the first decades of the century that the pioneers came.
+From them the present population is largely sprung. Dunwich was the
+first to be settled. A few immigrants from the Eastern States settled
+near Port Talbot. Then the overflow of settlement from Long Point made
+itself felt in Southwold, Yarmouth, Malahide and Bayham. Before 1820 the
+Highland settlements began in Aldborough and Dunwich. The wanderings of
+the Kildonan settlers from Hudson's Bay to Red River, and thence
+eastward to Upper Canada and southward, to the settlements on Lake Erie,
+add a tragic episode to the story of the pioneers of West Elgin. Their
+hardships, sufferings and heroism can never be forgotten. Much later
+came the settlement of South Dorchester.
+
+These were the men who felled the forest, let the sunlight into the
+wilderness, drained the swamps, cleared and fenced the bush, made the
+roads and bridged the fords, "drave out the beasts," and established
+schools and churches. They were the sifted grain of Canadian
+immigration. For the Colonel was determined to have none but the loyal,
+industrious and enterprising, and was discriminating in the choice of
+settlers for this County, among the numerous applicants for land.
+
+Such were the pioneers of Elgin. We inherit the fruits of their
+strenuous toil and struggle. It was they who, with dauntless courage and
+unfaltering determination, braved all hardships, the loneliness, the
+privations, the sufferings of pioneer life, that we might enjoy the
+harvest of their labors. They slept on the bare ground in the forest
+shanty, and hewed with mighty toil the log huts, that their sons might
+live in framed houses, and their grandchildren in houses of brick
+furnished with the appliances of modern civilization. They sowed and we
+reap.
+
+In the old churchyards at Tyrconnel, New Glasgow, St. Thomas, and
+elsewhere near the lake shore, they rest well after their labors. The
+mouldered headboards have given way to the marble slab or stately
+monument, that records their brief history--that they lived and died.
+Their true and imperishable monument is the manhood and womanhood of
+Elgin, the beautiful farms and homes, the noble institutions of religion
+and education. Their names will be forever honored among the founders of
+the Canadian nation, and after a thousand years men will be proud to
+count their descent from the pioneers of Elgin.
+
+The public buildings of a community are a fair index of the character of
+the people. In this view, the completion of the new Court House is an
+event, and its evolution, as recorded in this volume, is a study of
+historical and sociological value.
+
+The new building is admirably adapted to the purposes for which it is
+intended. It is up-to-date in every particular. Visitors from other
+parts pronounce it, as its predecessor was pronounced when first
+erected, one of the handsomest and most commodious public buildings in
+the Province. The architect and contractors have done their part well;
+but the credit is mainly and beyond all due to the public spirit of the
+people of Elgin, who were resolved that nothing short of best would
+satisfy them, and who were willing to be taxed to a reasonable extent
+upon the sole condition that the building should be well and honestly
+built, be a credit to the county and answer its purpose.
+
+Doubtless before another century rolls round, the increase of population
+and wealth may call for an enlarged building, but it is certain that no
+changes in architectural science will produce one that will better
+reflect the intelligence and enterprise, the wealth and the culture of
+the people, than the beautiful and commodious structure, which is to-day
+the pride and the boast of the citizens of this county.
+
+    JAMES H. COYNE.
+
+
+
+
+The Court Houses of a Century.
+
+
+The History of the Court Houses of Ontario is closely associated with
+the development of the Province. The first recognition of population in
+South Western Ontario was the formation in 1788, of the District of
+Hesse and the appointment of Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, and
+other officials.
+
+The only inhabitants were in the French settlements around Detroit,
+where the barracks and Government House were located. In 1792 Upper
+Canada, now Ontario, was divided into nineteen Counties, Norfolk,
+Suffolk, Essex and Kent occupying nearly the same territory as the
+District of Hesse. Representatives to the Provincial Parliament were
+elected and, at the first session convened at Niagara in September,
+1792, an Act was passed for building a Gaol and Court House in every
+district, and for altering the names of the districts. Hesse was
+hereafter called the Western District, and the Court House and Gaol was
+ordered to be built at Detroit. The Courts were held there until the
+evacuation of Detroit by the British in 1795, after which they were held
+in the Parish of Assumption, now Sandwich. D. W. Smith, in his Gazetteer
+of 1799, states: "That there is a good Gaol and Court House," in
+Sandwich, "situated a little below the fort of Detroit, on the east side
+of the river."
+
+
+
+
+The Munro House, 1800-1802.
+
+
+The U. E. Loyalists settlement of Norfolk commenced in 1793, and in 1798
+the rapid increase in population was recognized by a division of the
+Western District and the formation of three Counties, Norfolk, Oxford
+and Middlesex to be known as the London District. This was organized by
+the appointment of a general commission of the peace and the necessary
+officials. The first meeting of the resident Magistrates was held in the
+house of Lieutenant James Munro, of Charlotteville, on 1st April, 1800,
+for the purpose of carrying the Commission into execution, and the first
+General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the District was ordered to be
+holden at the same place on Tuesday, the 8th day of April, 1800.
+
+The Munro House above referred to, was built in 1796, on lot 14 in the
+5th concession of Charlotteville. It was the best house which had been
+erected up to that time, and stands to-day as an old land mark, about a
+half mile back from the road running straight west from Vittoria. It is
+a two story frame house of considerable size. The frame was made of hewn
+timber, with bents four feet apart, strengthened by tie girths, morticed
+and tendoned--a marvel of axeman's skill. The planks for the floor and
+sheeting were cut out by the whip saw. The original roof is on the
+building at the present time. The shingles are of cedar, rudely whittled
+by the draw knife, and show in places an original thickness of over an
+inch.
+
+A temporary jail was erected near the house, a log building fourteen
+feet by twenty-five feet, divided into two rooms--one for the debtors
+and the other for those charged with criminal offences. This building
+was erected during the winter of 1800 by day labor, and was used for
+nearly a year. The courts were held here until 1802, when they were
+removed to Turkey Point or Fort Norfolk under the authority of an Act
+passed in the year 1801.
+
+
+
+
+Turkey Point, 1802-1812.
+
+
+The Courts at Turkey Point were first held in the public house of Job
+Loder. In 1803 the contract for a court house was awarded. It was to be
+a frame building forty feet in length by twenty-six feet in width, to be
+two stories high, the first or lower story to be ten feet between floor
+and ceiling, and the second or upper story to be eight feet high. The
+original specifications were as follows: "The building to be erected on
+a foundation of white oak timber squared, the same to be sound and of
+sufficient thickness, the building to be shingled and to have two
+sufficient floors, an entry eight feet wide to be made from the front
+door across one end of the lower story, from which winding stairs are to
+be erected to ascend to the second story; two rooms are to be
+partitioned off in the second or upper story for juries. Nine windows
+are to be made in front and ten in rear, of twenty-four lights each,
+seven by three. The front door to be made of inch and a half plank, six
+panel, and to have a good sufficient lock and key. Two windows are to be
+finished in the first story opposite each other, so as to afford
+sufficient light to the bar, besides two windows of fifteen lights each
+behind the Judge or Chairman's seat. The rest of the windows are to be
+cased and nailed up for the present. The Bar, table, Justices' seat,
+benches for the bar and a table for each jury room, and benches for the
+same are to be finished; the three inside doors to be temporary; a seat
+and writing table for Clerk, to be made between the bench and the bar.
+Note--The house to be raised, shingled, weather-boarded and floored,
+and the bench for the Judge and Justices, Judge or Chairman's writing
+desk, Clerk's seat and table, the bar and table and benches therefor,
+the four windows below and two above to be finished, the rest of the
+windows cased and nailed up. The front door to be finished, and the
+other three temporary doors to be made and hung. Comprehends the present
+contract proposed by the court to be performed by the next assizes for
+this district."
+
+Courts were held in this building commencing in the year 1804 until it
+was appropriated for the use of prisoners during the war of 1812.
+
+
+
+
+The Vittoria Court House, 1815-1826.
+
+
+In 1815 an act was passed which provided that the courts of general
+quarter sessions for the district of London should be held at
+Charlotteville. The Magistrates were ordered to make a choice of the
+most convenient place, and a meeting was accordingly held at the house
+of Thomas Finch on the 13th June, 1815. John Backhouse, Thomas Talbot
+and Robert Finch were appointed Commissioners to superintend the
+building, and a brick court house and gaol was erected at Vittoria at an
+expense of £9,000. During the erection of the building, courts were held
+in the houses of Thomas Finch, Francis Beaupre and Mathias Steel. The
+first meeting of the sessions was held in the new court house on 8th
+April, 1817, and it was used until 1826, when it was partially destroyed
+by fire.
+
+
+
+
+The London Court Houses, 1826-1853.
+
+
+An Act was then passed to establish a District town in a more central
+place, and courts were ordered to be held in some part of the
+reservation made for the site of a town near the forks of the River
+Thames. This was at London where four acres were set apart for the
+purposes of the jail and court house. The commissioners appointed for
+the purpose of erecting the building, Thomas Talbot, Mahlon Burwell,
+James Hamilton, Charles Ingersoll and John Matthews, held their first
+meeting in St. Thomas. During the erection of the court house at London,
+courts were held in a private house at Vittoria, and afterwards at St.
+Thomas. Dr. C. Hodgins, in his History of Education of Upper Canada,
+states that on one occasion the Court of King's Bench, with Judge
+Sherwood presiding and the late Sir John Beverley Robinson in attendance
+as King's Attorney, was held in an upper room of a building used by Mr.
+Stephen Randal as a grammar school. This building was afterwards
+removed to the school lot near the present residence of Judge
+Ermatinger, and was known as the "Talbot Seminary."
+
+[Illustration: THE LONDON COURT HOUSE.
+
+_From "Illustrated London," copyrighted. By permission London Printing
+and Lithographing Co. (Limited.)_]
+
+The first court house in London was constructed of flat logs, and on the
+ground floor was a log partition to separate the jail from the jailer's
+room. The court room above was reached by stairs outside. This was
+followed by the erection of a two story frame building upon the same
+square where the present court house stands, but closer to the street.
+In one end of the first floor were placed two cells, which were rendered
+more secure by being surrounded with logs, from which the building
+acquired the distinctive title of "The Old Log Court House." Courts were
+first held there in 1828.
+
+In 1838 a new jail was proposed, and in the years 1843 and 1844 the
+present jail and court house in London was completed at a cost of
+£8,500. The latter resembles the castle of Malahide near Dublin, the
+birth place of Col. Talbot.
+
+
+
+
+The Elgin Court House, 1853-1898.
+
+
+The County of Elgin was established by an Act of the Legislature passed
+in August, 1851, and formed a union with Middlesex until County
+Buildings were erected. The provisional County Council held its first
+meeting in the Town Hall, St. Thomas, on April 15th, 1852. The first
+business was to erect a jail and Court House. Offers of building sites
+were received from Messrs. Curtis and Lawrence and Benjamin Drake. The
+Curtis sites were north of Talbot Street and West of East Street. The
+Lawrence site, two acres, included the lot on which the Post Office now
+stands. The Drake site appears to have been considered suitable before
+the county was formed as a deed from Benjamin Drake to Queen Victoria,
+dated the 25th of October, 1848, and registered the 30th of October,
+1851, conveys the Jail and Court House Block to Her Majesty for public
+buildings for county and district purposes only. A resolution of the
+County Council shows that the final acceptance of this site depended on
+obtaining water at fifteen feet, failing this a new site was to be
+chosen. The location for the building on lot selected was next
+considered.
+
+Petitions to front the buildings on Stanley Street were presented, but
+they were ordered to face north so as to stand parallel with the Talbot
+Road in front of Queen Street.
+
+Plans were received from architects Thomas and Tully, of Toronto, and
+John Turner of Brantford.
+
+The plans submitted by Mr. Turner were the same as for the Court House
+at Brantford, which he was building. These were adopted with some
+changes suggested by other plans before the council.
+
+The contract was awarded to Garner Ellwood for £4,580, on the 19th June,
+1852. The jail, jailor's house, etc., to be completed by the 15th
+September following, and the Court House on the 1st August, 1853.
+
+The Building Committee consisted of the whole council, of which Messrs.
+Clark and Locker of Malahide, Ganson of Yarmouth, Skinner of Bayham,
+Munro of Southwold and Parish of St. Thomas, were the most active.
+Thomas Cheeseman was the architect's superintendent in charge of the
+work.
+
+[Illustration: WARDEN LOCKER, 1852-1855]
+
+The jail was not completed until the spring of 1853, and on the 23rd of
+March Mr. Ellwood gave up the contract, £2,764 having been expended. The
+Warden was then authorized to proceed with the work which, with the
+exception of minor contracts, was completed by day labor, with Thomas
+Fraser, builder, of London, as superintendent. The Gaol as at first
+erected was not satisfactory, the plan being defective. This increased
+the cost and when the buildings were completed and furnished in 1854,
+the total expenditure was £11,405. Mr. Ellwood in tendering for the
+buildings was guided by the figures supplied by Architect Turner who was
+then erecting a court house at Brantford. In a subsequent report to the
+council Mr. Turner states that in the erection of the Brantford building
+he ruined himself, and that he could not have erected the Elgin
+buildings at a less price than they cost the county.
+
+A Special Committee reported on completion of the work: "That after
+taking into consideration the advance in price of material and
+labor--that the buildings have been erected in as judicious and
+economical a manner as the circumstances would admit, and that the
+beautiful workmanship and design is not surpassed by any building in
+Canada west."
+
+[Illustration: THE ELGIN COURTHOUSE, 1860.]
+
+The Royal Arms Rampant, which is very much admired, on the front of the
+Court House, is in size twelve feet by six feet, and cost £93. They were
+supplied by Messrs. Cochranes and Pollock of Toronto, from a sketch
+drawn by Mr. John M. Walthew who also painted the picture placed in the
+court room, the beauty of which the council acknowledged by special
+resolution in January 1855. Sculptured faces were placed in the east and
+west gables of the building. That in the west resembles Lord Elgin,
+after whom the county was named, and the other may be architect Turner
+but at present no one seems to know definitely who they were intended to
+represent.
+
+In 1853 the Town Hall of the Village of St. Thomas was secured for court
+purposes on condition that any fittings, etc., required were to be
+supplied by the County, and left in the building when court house was
+completed. Plans of the new buildings and of the town hall were
+submitted to the statutory commissioners, and approved of as suitable
+for court purposes. On the 30th of September, 1852, a proclamation was
+published in the Official Gazette, dissolving the union of Elgin and
+Middlesex.
+
+[Illustration: D. J. HUGHES, ESQ., COUNTY JUDGE, 1853.]
+
+The Officers appointed were:
+
+    Judge, David John Hughes.
+    Sheriff, Colin Munro.
+    Registrar, John McKay.
+    Clerk of Peace, James Farley.
+    Clerk of the Court, Peter Murtagh.
+    Jailor, John King.
+    County Clerk. William McKay.
+    County Treasurer, William Coyne.
+    County Engineer, Charles Fraser.
+
+During November, 1853, the offices of the Sheriff, Clerk of the Peace
+and Clerk of the County Court were located in one room in the apartments
+erected for the Jailor.
+
+On the 15th of November, 1853, the first court of quarter sessions of
+the County of Elgin opened at St. Thomas in the Town Hall, David John
+Hughes, County Judge, presiding. In opening the court, the Judge
+delivered the following address to the Grand Jury:
+
+    GENTLEMEN OF THE GRAND JURY.----
+
+"It is usual for the presiding Justice at our criminal courts to address
+to grand inquests, remarks upon the duties which have to be discharged
+by them. This being the first time we have met together in our relative
+capacities, I think the occasion a becoming one for congratulating you
+and the inhabitants of this fine county in general, in being now
+separated from the senior county for the transaction of all the
+judicial, municipal and other business of our inhabitants.
+
+[Illustration: THE ELGIN COURT HOUSE BEFORE THE FIRE.]
+
+Anyone who has lived in what was the London district for twenty years,
+and who will look back upon the time when, with little better than a
+mere track to guide or assist them, most of the settlers were obliged to
+travel the primeval forests to distances of fifty or sixty miles to
+attend courts, and for other purposes in the way of business, and who
+now have public offices almost brought within reach of their own doors,
+cannot but feel thankful that a gracious Providence has favored the
+country and its inhabitants with such prosperity--a prosperity which is
+still on the increase, at a rate surpassing the expectations of the most
+sanguine.
+
+If we look beyond the limits of our own county and view the Province at
+large, we see progress and prosperity, peace, contentment and general
+happiness surrounding us. We find the minds of the people progressing
+too, for with a bountiful provision for schools and a well ordered
+system, the rising generation are enabled, and doubtless will keep pace
+with their monetary prosperity.
+
+The encouragement that agriculture has met with in an increased demand
+for the staple produce of the county, and remunerative prices will call
+for an improved system of tilling the fields. The encouragement given to
+manufactures by the increased consumption, justifies enterprise in an
+increase of fabrics; and all these call forth the necessary supply of
+improved and cultivated minds--so that enquiry is awakened, and the
+benefit of our schools and colleges is every year becoming more and more
+appreciated and will be so much better attended and encouraged, that
+they will themselves improve in their standard and tone, so that Canada
+in one or two generations will equal, if not successfully rival, parts
+of the world which are now considered amongst the freest and most
+contented.
+
+[Illustration: COURT ROOM AFTER THE FIRE.]
+
+We enjoy a liberty in our civil and religious affairs which admits not
+only of a freedom of thought, but action. We can watch our very rulers,
+and have the means in our hands of curbing usurpation of power or
+infringements of rights by the privilege we can exercise of approving or
+disapproving of the advisers of the crown. We can worship the Almighty
+in our own way; no one venturing to disturb or make us afraid. We can
+educate our children almost entirely at the public expense, and place
+them within reach of the highest honors that their talents entitle them
+to, or that the country can bestow. The time has gone by for those
+honors to belong only to a class; or when promising aspirants can be
+successfully frowned upon by those who fancy that they hold a
+prescriptive right to them; and the time has arrived for men not to be
+judged by the occupations they are day by day employed in, but by the
+integrity of their purposes, the cultivation of their minds, the
+uprightness of their characters, and their successfulness in
+accomplishing some good for themselves and their fellow-men.
+
+In entering upon the duties of the office I fill, I must confess my
+misgivings as to the ability to discharge them aright. They are onerous,
+responsible, and will be at times arduous and disagreeable. I depend
+upon the forbearance of those with whom I shall be brought in contact,
+and claim their assistance and advice when necessity shall suggest it. I
+desire to see the great body of the people, whose business or affairs
+shall be brought under my judicial notice, satisfied that justice and
+right are aimed at, however, I may fall short in administering them, and
+in my magisterial capacity I rely upon the aid of my brother magistrates
+to further these motives; for I doubt not that by mutually according to
+one another, integrity of purpose, (as I shall at times desire to
+attribute to them) we shall be able to accomplish much good in the way
+of checking vice and setting a good example to the several neighborhoods
+we respectively inhabit.
+
+The County Buildings are not yet quite completed, but I am informed that
+before the next sessions, the Court may be held in them; and when
+finished I am satisfied they will not be surpassed in beauty,
+convenience and comfort by any in the Province."
+
+The first Court of Quarter Sessions was held in the Court House, on the
+5th of January, 1854, and on the 11th of April, in the same year, Hon.
+Justice Draper opened the first Court of Assize. Col. John Prince,
+Q. C., one of the lawyers in attendance at this Court, complimented the
+County on the magnificence of the Court House, which, he said, was
+unsurpassed by any Court House in the Province.
+
+On June 7th, 1854, all of the offices in the Court House were occupied,
+and the building completed, with the exception of some painting and the
+erection of the Royal Arms.
+
+The County Buildings remained the same until the gaol was rebuilt, and
+wall erected in 1872. This was followed by a new Registry Office in
+1874, and a Gaoler's residence in 1889-1891. On the 1st of July, 1898, a
+fire occurred at midnight, destroying the roof and upper portion of the
+Court House, the whole building being damaged by water.
+
+[Illustration: DANIEL LANG. Warden, 1898.]
+
+[Illustration: OSCAR McKENNEY. Warden, 1898.]
+
+[Illustration: ARCHIBALD J. LEITCH. Chairman Building Committee.
+1898-1899.]
+
+[Illustration: NEIL R. DARRACH. Architect.]
+
+[Illustration: ROBERT CARROLL. Contractor.]
+
+
+
+
+The Elgin Court House, 1898-1900.
+
+
+[Illustration: THE NEW COURT HOUSE.]
+
+The first meeting of the County Council, after the burning of the Court
+House, was held in the Grand Central Hotel, St. Thomas, on July 8th. The
+Insurance appraisers' award fixing the amount of damage at $5,509, was
+then presented. Mr. J. M. Green, contractor, was valuator on behalf of
+the County. The County officials were consulted in reference to
+temporary accommodation, and the Clerk was authorized to rent offices
+from Mr. Charles Spohn, on the south-west corner of William and Talbot
+streets. A special Building Committee was appointed, with power to
+employ an architect, visit other Court Houses, to have plans prepared,
+and report. The committee, consisting of Messrs. A. J. Leitch, S. B.
+Morris, D. Turner, R. Locker, D. F. Moore. W. B. Cole and Warden Lang,
+accompanied by N. R. Darrach, architect, and J. A. Bell, County
+Engineer, proceeded to Brantford, to examine the county buildings, which
+had recently been enlarged. Instructions were given to prepare plans to
+include enlargement of building and re-modelling Jail and Jailer's
+residence and kitchen. The County Council met on the 27th of July, to
+receive report presented by Architect Darrach, who estimated the cost of
+plans submitted at about $33,000. Opposition was offered by some members
+of the Council, who were desirous of limiting the cost of building to
+$20,000, but the architect's plans were adopted. A by-law was passed
+appointing a special building committee, and authorizing the Warden to
+sign contracts. The architect's fee was fixed at $1,200 for the whole
+work. Tenders were received, and as all of them exceeded the
+architect's estimate, a special meeting of the Council was called for
+the 8th of September, to consider the matter. At this session the
+building committee reported in favor of the adoption of the following
+tenders:
+
+  J. H. McKnight & Co., Toronto, for the whole work, with the
+  exception of the electric wiring, iron work and plumbing.   $33,990 00
+
+  R. A. L. Grey, Toronto, electric wiring                         346 00
+
+  Stacey & Co., St. Thomas, iron work                           1,231 42
+
+  C. T. Bull, St. Thomas, plumbing                              1,047 00
+
+[Illustration: D. J. HUGHES, ESQ., COUNTY JUDGE, 1899.]
+
+This report was adopted and contracts signed by all with the exception
+of Mr. Bull. Mr. A. J. Leitch, Chairman of the Building Committee, was
+appointed to inspect the work as it progressed, and issue orders for
+payment in accordance with the architect's estimates. Tenders for
+heating and plumbing were received in January, 1899, and contracts
+awarded--the heating to Joseph Harrison for $3,146, and the plumbing to
+Keith & Fitzsimmons, Toronto, for $1,125. The Building Committee next
+considered the question of furnishing, and for the purpose of securing
+information, visited the court houses in Stratford and Woodstock, and in
+March, 1899, tenders were received and the following contracts awarded:
+
+  J. Acheson, St. Thomas, hardware                            $400 00
+
+  McDonald & Wilson, Toronto, gas fixtures                     645 00
+
+  The Preston Office & School Furniture Company,
+        for special work                                     2,995 00
+       And for furniture, desks, etc                           556 80
+
+  The Office Specialty Company, Toronto, for
+       letter press, stands, vault fittings, etc               892 50
+
+[Illustration: COURT ROOM.]
+
+Carpets and window blinds were procured from J. B. Kay, Son & Co.,
+Toronto, and rubber matting for the stairs from the Gutta Percha &
+Rubber Co., two clocks for the court room and council chamber, from W.
+R. Jackson. Stained glass windows with appropriate designs were ordered
+from N. T. Lyons, Toronto, for the main stairway, one contains a picture
+of the old and new buildings; the other, the names of the County Council
+for the years 1898 and 1899. Stone walks around the building and through
+the grounds were put down by the Silica Barytic Stone Company, of
+Ingersoll, at the cost of $579.02. The work of grading the grounds was
+completed under superintendence of W. Irving.
+
+
+OPENING PROCEEDINGS.
+
+The Court House was formally opened on Wednesday, the 13th day of
+December, 1899, the occasion being the first day of the Court of
+General Sessions of the Peace, and of the County Court.
+
+The proceedings commenced at 2.40 p. m. Judge Hughes presided, and on
+his right was Junior Judge Ermatinger, and on his left Sheriff Brown.
+
+Judge Hughes explained that he had invited Rev. Canon Hill and
+Vicar-General Bayard to be present, to assist in the opening
+proceedings, but they had other engagements and could not attend. There
+were present Revs. D. R. Drummond, Prof. T. L. Fowler, of the Disciples
+College, and Rev. R. I. Warner, principal of Alma College.
+
+[Illustration: LIBRARY.]
+
+Rev. D. R. Drummond opened the proceedings with prayer, Rev. Prof.
+Fowler read the scriptures, and Rev. Prof. Warner led in prayer.
+
+Mr. Oscar McKenney, Warden of Elgin County, read the following address
+to Judge Hughes, on behalf of the County Council:
+
+"Before proceeding with the business of the County Court and General
+Sessions of the Peace, the County Council desire to congratulate your
+Honor on your good health and physical and mental vigor, which is
+remarkable when we consider that you have occupied your present position
+for over forty-six years. You had the honor of presiding at the first
+court held in the old buildings in 1854, and have since done much to
+assist in the development of the county. You have witnessed many changes
+and can refer to many pleasant experiences which are the accompaniment
+of a long and useful life. The Court House which we hereby formally hand
+over to you for Court purposes, is representative of our idea of the
+advancement made by a wealthy and prosperous community during the past
+half a century.
+
+We hope you may enjoy continued good health, and that the remainder of
+your life may be pleasant and a restful recompense for many busy years.
+
+The members of the Council will make a few remarks as they feel it is
+difficult in a brief address to refer to all the circumstances that have
+brought us together to-day."
+
+[Illustration: COUNTY COUNCIL CHAMBER.]
+
+[Illustration: COUNTY CLERK'S OFFICE.]
+
+Councillor Frank Hunt delivered the oration of the day on behalf of the
+County Council. He spoke as follows:
+
+"This is an important occasion. Important because it makes a page in the
+history of the county. It establishes a milestone marking the progress
+of a people who first planted civilization in this county a century ago.
+The burning of the old Court House necessitated the building of a new
+one, and this gave the present council the opportunity to erect a
+building characteristic of the people, and of the arts and sciences of
+this particular period. The old court house was emblematic of the
+pioneers of this county. It exhibited wisdom, strength and beauty. As
+much as I admire the new structure I am glad the front of the old court
+house is preserved, and will hand down to future ages in its Grecian
+columns and pilasters, the artistic taste of the pioneers who could
+spare from the rewards of unceasing toil money to erect a court house
+that bore the impress of the best art of their time. The excellence and
+thoroughness of the structure attest the true worth and integrity of the
+pioneers of the County of Elgin. I cannot but think, when considering
+the population and wealth of the county fifty years ago with that of
+to-day, that in the erection of the new court house we have spent less
+for artistic effect than did the pioneers. Modern requirements for the
+comforts of those attending courts, or on official business, entailed a
+large expense, which was not considered in the erection of buildings
+fifty years ago. The provision made for women during a forced attendance
+at court shows how far we have advanced on one particular line. It is a
+grand building of the utilitarian type, and erected on such lines that
+great beauty may be discovered by a casual glance. I want to say a word
+in praise of the architect who designed the building and supervised its
+erection to the satisfaction of the Building Committee. The epitaph in
+St. Paul's Cathedral says: "If you would know the genius of Christopher
+Wren, look around you." I will say, also, and it is all that is
+necessary, if you would know the genius of Mr. Darrach, look around you
+and see that he is master of his art.
+
+    New occasions teach new duties,
+      Time makes ancient good uncouth,
+    We must upward still and onward,
+      Who would reach the realms of truth.
+
+[Illustration: Art, national or individual, is the result of a long
+course of previous life and training; a necessary result, if that life
+has been loyal, and an impossible one, if it has been base.--_Ruskin._
+
+WINDOW, MAIN STAIRWAY.
+
+In its important examples, all municipal art should be at once a
+decoration and a commemoration--it must beautify and should celebrate;
+thus becoming a double stimulus, first to the aesthetic sense, second to
+the sense of patriotism.--_Blashfield._]
+
+I cannot close without reference to His Honor Judge Hughes and his long
+judicial career in the County of Elgin. He opened the old court house
+forty-six years ago; he has been spared to open the new. In the first
+courts he grasped by the hand the men who planted civilization on the
+shores of Lake Erie. He has lived to grasp by the hand their children
+and grand-children. He came here in his early years, a type of that
+manhood which comes from the chisel of Pericles, and the great masters
+of the Grecian school. He has seen the county a wilderness, he now sees
+it populous and wealthy, inhabited by a people educated, industrious; a
+people who love God and keep his commandments.
+
+[Illustration: COURT HOUSE, EAST SIDE, SHOWING GAOL ENTRANCE.]
+
+He has left his impress on his county and its people, and can it not be
+said that it has been for the good of society, for the happiness and
+advancement of the people? His legal knowledge, and his great ability is
+known throughout the Province. His untiring industry has been
+proverbial. He has administered the law with fairness, and tempered
+justice with mercy. It is not contended that he was or is
+faultless.
+
+    Who thinketh a faultless man to see?
+      Thinks what ne'er was and ne'er shall be.
+
+It is the desire of the council that his learning and great abilities
+may long be spared to his fellow-citizens, and that
+
+    An old age serene and bright,
+      Lovely as a Lapland night,
+    Shall lead thee to the grave."
+
+County Councillor J. H. Yarwood voiced the sentiments of Mr. Hunt, and
+extended the congratulations of the county to the Judge for the manner
+in which he had administered the affairs of the county, and hoped he
+would be spared for many years.
+
+County Councillors S. B. Morris, W. O. Pollock, D. Lang, W. M. Ford, E.
+McKellar, Mahlon Lyon, D. Moore and A. J. Leitch also delivered
+addresses of congratulation.
+
+[Illustration: GAOL YARD.]
+
+Judge Hughes thanked the County Council for the privilege of opening the
+new Court House. The county building was a testimonial to the
+advancement of the county council. He had to acknowledge with thanks the
+many kind things said of him personally, and of the way he had
+administered justice in the county. The building is an index, not only
+of enterprise and good taste, but also of conception for the convenience
+of those who had to attend the county buildings to do business. The
+mistake with the old building was that Architect Turner had his plans
+interfered with, and all the rooms, except the court room, were but half
+the size intended. He concurred in all that had been said of the
+architect. The contractors, too, had performed their work well. The
+court house was a manifestation of the progress of municipal
+institutions. He had found the county council always ready to encourage
+education and grammar schools, and this building was a monument to their
+honor.
+
+The county court was then opened by Court Crier Hopkins, when Mr. John
+Crawford, of Aylmer, on behalf of the bar of Elgin, extended to Judge
+Hughes their congratulations upon the long term he had served on the
+bench, and upon his distinguished services during that time. The members
+of the bar were in hearty sympathy with and heartily endorsed the
+remarks made by the members of the county council. The members of the
+bar hoped the Judge might be long spared to occupy the high position
+which he did.
+
+Judge Hughes said he could only express his high appreciation of the
+kind things said of him. It was an honor for a man to act as judge where
+there was such a bar as in the county of Elgin. He concluded by thanking
+Mr. Crawford and the other members for their kind remarks.
+
+[Illustration: F. HUNT, J. P., HOLDING COURT IN A GAOL WARD, AFTER THE
+FIRE.]
+
+In the evening the judge entertained the members of the bar and the
+municipal and judicial officers of the county of Elgin at a banquet in
+honor of the occasion of the re-opening of the court house and the 46th
+anniversary of his appointment. This was held at the Grand Central
+Hotel.
+
+All the work connected with the court house improvements was completed
+in the spring of 1900. The final report of the Building Committee was
+not, however presented until the 23rd of November. The total cost was
+$50,954.72, and of this amount the city of St. Thomas contributed
+$12,178.17.
+
+The excellent service rendered to the county by architect Darrach was
+recognized by the presentation of an address, suitably engrossed,
+expressing the councils appreciation of his efforts. The report also
+directed attention to the satisfactory manner in which Messrs. McKnight
+& Co., the principal contractors, who were represented by the senior
+member of the firm, Mr. R. Carroll, had completed their work. After the
+adoption of the report a resolution was passed tendering the thanks of
+the council to A. J. Leitch, Esq., for his services as Chairman of the
+Building Committee.
+
+
+
+
+_STATISTICS._
+
+
+  COUNTY       ||               POPULATION.                      |
+  OF ELGIN.    || 1817 | 1841 | 1851 | 1861 | 1871 | 1881 | 1891 |
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
+  ALDBOROUGH   ||   400|   733| 1,226| 2,325| 3,500| 4,718| 5,299|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  BAYHAM       ||      | 2,108| 5,092| 5,141| 4,895| 4,689| 3,856|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  DUNWICH      ||   500|   633| 1,948| 2,888| 3,731| 4,290| 3,663|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  DORCHESTER   ||      |   635| 1,477| 2,204| 2,071| 1,844| 1,624|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  MALAHIDE     ||   775| 2,218| 4,050| 5,320| 5,554| 4,415| 3,851|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  SOUTHWOLD    ||   900| 2,563| 5,063| 5,467| 5,559| 5,206| 4,766|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  YARMOUTH     ||   400| 3,664| 5,288| 6,166| 5,563| 5,575| 5,471|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  ST. THOMAS   ||      |      | 1,274| 1,631| 2,197| 8,367|10,370|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  VIENNA       ||      |      |      |      |   590|   528|   398|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  PORT STANLEY ||      |      |      |      |      |   674|   616|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  AYLMER       ||      |      |      |      |      | 1,540| 2,167|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  SPRINGFIELD  ||      |      |      |      |      |   555|   463|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  DUTTON       ||      |      |      |      |      |      |   838|
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
+     TOTALS    ||2,975 |12,554|25,418|31,142|33,660|42,401|43,382|
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
+
+  COUNTY       ||        NUMBER OF HOUSES.                       |Schools.|
+  OF ELGIN.    || 1817 | 1841 | 1851 | 1861 | 1871 | 1881 | 1891 | 1817   |
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+--------+
+  ALDBOROUGH   ||    90|    13|   189|   311|   630|   880| 1,064|     1  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  BAYHAM       ||    60|   133|   732|   887|   955|   978|   882|     2  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  DUNWICH      ||   100|    45|   316|   450|   673|   820|   744|     1  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  DORCHESTER   ||      |    10|   238|   345|   378|   423|   341|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  MALAHIDE     ||   150|   125|   692|   726| 1,104|   956|   887|     2  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  SOUTHWOLD    ||   180|   175|   800|   579|   993|   998|   973|     3  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  YARMOUTH     ||    75|   299|   881| 1,128| 1,067| 1,161| 1,150|     2  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  ST. THOMAS   ||      |      |   226|   390|   417| 1,634| 2,205|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  VIENNA       ||      |      |      |      |   103|   105|    99|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  PORT STANLEY ||      |      |      |      |      |   139|   128|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  AYLMER       ||      |      |      |      |      |   330|   521|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  SPRINGFIELD  ||      |      |      |      |      |   130|   123|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  DUTTON       ||      |      |      |      |      |      |   167|        |
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+--------+
+     TOTALS    ||   655|   800| 4,074| 4,816| 6,320| 8,554| 9,284|    11  |
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+--------+
+
+The statistics of 1817 are taken from Robt. Gourlay's Book. For other
+years official census reports were referred to.
+
+
+
+
+Plan of the Court House.
+
+
+GROUND FLOOR.
+
+  NO.                    BY WHOM OCCUPIED.
+
+  1-2.   County Attorney and Clerk of the Peace.
+
+  3-4-5. County Court Clerk. The Vault was formerly used as an office by
+           County Court Clerk and Junior Judge.
+
+  6.     Inspector of Public Schools. Formerly occupied with vault
+           adjoining by Clerk of the Peace.
+
+  7.     Junior Judge's Office. Formerly Occupied: (1) County
+           Treasurer's Office. (2) Law Library. (3) Jailer. (4)
+           County Engineer.
+
+  8.     County Treasurer's Office. Used as Registry Office up to 1875.
+
+  9.     County Clerk.
+
+  10.    County Engineer.
+
+  12-13. Sheriff.
+
+  14.    Telephone. 15. Janitor. 16. Jailer. 17. Jail Kitchen.
+           Originally occupied as Jailer's residence and afterwards as
+           County Clerk's and Jailer's Offices. The heaters are in
+           basement under these rooms.
+
+         The space occupied by lavatories and main stairway was formerly
+           the Sheriff's office.
+
+
+FIRST FLOOR.
+
+  18.    County Judge's Office.
+
+  19.    Barristers.
+
+  21.    Crown Counsel. Formerly County Judge's Office.
+
+  22.    Law Library.
+
+  23.    Lady Witnesses. Formerly Petit Jury.
+
+  25.    Court Room.
+
+  26.    Witnesses. Formerly Crown Counsel room, afterwards law library.
+
+  27.    County Council Chamber, also used for small courts.
+
+  28-29. Local Master.   }
+                         }
+  31.    Judges' Parlor. }
+                         }
+  32.    Turnkeys.       } Originally occupied as Jailer's Residence,
+                         }   and afterwards as County Judge's Office.
+  33.    Petit Jury.     }
+                         }
+  34.    Gaol Stores.    }
+
+         The space occupied by main stairway was formerly the county
+           clerk's office and afterwards a witness room.
+
+
+SECOND FLOOR.
+
+  35-41. Janitor's apartments. 37 and 41 formerly Grand Jury Rooms.
+
+  42-43. Witnesses. 42 was formerly occupied by Local Master and
+            afterwards by County Police Magistrate.
+
+  45.    Historical Society.
+
+         The space occupied by main stairway was formerly a store room.
+
+[Illustration: ELGIN COUNTY COURT HOUSE N. R. DARRACH, ARCHT., S^{T}.
+THOMAS, ONT.
+
+GROUND FLOOR PLAN
+
+FIRST FLOOR PLAN]
+
+[Illustration: COUNTY · BUILDING · AT · ST · THOMAS · ONT.
+N · R · DARRACH · · · ARCHITECT.]
+
+[Illustration: SECOND FLOOR PLAN]
+
+
+Members of Elgin County Council.
+
+1852.
+
+  ALDBOROUGH--Duncan McColl.
+  DUNWICH--Moses Willey.
+  SOUTHWOLD--Colin Munro, Nicol McColl.
+  YARMOUTH--Elisha S. Ganson (Warden), Leslie Pierce.
+  MALAHIDE--Thomas Locker (Warden), Lewis J. Clarke.
+  BAYHAM--John Elliott, J. Skinner.
+  SOUTH DORCHESTER--Jacob Cline.
+  ST. THOMAS--David Parish.
+
+  1898-1899.
+
+  DISTRICT NO. 1--(Aldborough) S. B. Morris, Daniel Lang (Warden 1898).
+  DISTRICT NO. 2--(Dutton and Dunwich) A. J. Leitch, Edward McKellar.
+  DISTRICT NO. 3--(Port Stanley and Southwold) William Jackson, Donald
+                     Turner, 1898, Francis Hunt, 1899.
+  DISTRICT NO. 4--(Yarmouth) James H. Yarwood, Wm. B. Cole, 1898,
+                     Wm. O. Pollock, 1899.
+  DISTRICT NO. 5--(Aylmer, Vienna, Polling Sub-divisions 1 and 2 of
+                     Bayham, and Malahide, except Polling Sub-division
+                     5) Oscar McKenney, (Warden, 1899) Richard Locker,
+                     1898, Mahlon E. Lyon, 1899.
+  DISTRICT NO. 6--(Springfield, South Dorchester, Malahide (Division 5)
+                     and Bayham (except divisions 1 and 2)) David F.
+                     Moore, (Warden, 1900) Wm. M. Ford.
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Note.
+
+
+Illustrations have been moved to avoid breaks in paragraphs. Minor
+punctuation errors have been corrected without note. The single table of
+Statistics in the original has been reformatted into two separate tables
+for ease of reading, one for population and one for houses and schools.
+Typographical errors have been corrected as follows:
+
+  P. 5  'east side of the river."'--closing quotation mark added.
+  P. 5  'Tuesday, the 8th day of April, 1800.'--had '1900.'
+  P. 6  'tie girths, morticed and tenoned'--had 'tendoned.'
+  P. 12 'sessions of the County of Elgin opened'--had 'Couty.'
+  P. 24 'contended that he was or is faultless'--had 'fautless.'
+  P. 24 'Shall lead thee to the grave."'--closing quotation mark added.
+  P. 25 'his plans interfered with, and all the'--had 'iterferred.'
+  P. 28 '26. Witnesses. Formerly Crown Counsel room'--had '36.'
+
+Unusual spellings of hybernated, Mississaga; inconsistent spellings of
+jail/jailer, gaol/gaoler; inconsistent hyphenation and capitalisation are
+as per the original.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. McKay
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+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" />
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
+    <title>
+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. McKay.
+    </title>
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+
+<pre>
+
+Project Gutenberg's The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. McKay
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Court Houses of a Century
+       A Brief Historical Sketch of the Court Houses of London
+              Distict, the County of Middlesex, and County of Elgin
+
+Author: Kenneth W. McKay
+
+Release Date: January 21, 2011 [EBook #35026]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE COURT HOUSES OF A CENTURY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Louise Pattison and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;">
+<img src="images/image003.jpg" width="100" height="125" alt="Coat of Arms of the County of Elgin" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h1>The Court Houses<br /><br />
+<span class="tiny">&mdash;OF A&mdash;</span><br /><br />
+Century.<br /></h1>
+<hr />
+<p class="center big">1800-1900.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px; margin-top:3em; margin-bottom:3em;">
+<a name="front" id="front"></a>
+<img src="images/image002.jpg" width="500" height="318" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">HOUSE OF LIEUT. JAMES MUNRO, ERECTED 1798, LOT 14, CON. 5,
+CHARLOTTEVILLE&mdash;USED AS COURT HOUSE, LONDON DISTRICT, 1800-1802.
+(<i>Reproduced by permission of the Ontario Historical Society and William
+Briggs, Publisher.</i>)</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;">
+<img src="images/image003.jpg" width="100" height="125" alt="Coat of Arms of the County of Elgin" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<h1>The Court Houses<br /><br />
+<span class="tiny">&mdash;OF A&mdash;</span><br /><br />
+Century.<br /></h1>
+
+<p class="center">A Brief Historical Sketch of the Court Houses of the London <br />District,
+the County of Middlesex and <br />County of Elgin.</p>
+
+<p class="center"><span class="small">COMPILED BY</span><br /><br />
+KENNETH W. McKAY, COUNTY CLERK.</p>
+
+<p class="center"><span class="small">PUBLISHED BY</span><br /><br />
+<span class="bigger">THE ELGIN COUNTY COUNCIL.</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">With Introduction by James H. Coyne, B. A.</p>
+
+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">The Times Printing Company of St. Thomas, Limited.</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">1901.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h2>CONTENTS.</h2>
+
+
+<div class="center">
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Table of Contents">
+<tr><td></td><td></td><td align="right">PAGE.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">1.</td><td align="left">Introduction. By J. H. Coyne, B. A.</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">2.</td><td align="left">The Munro House, 1800-1802</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_5">5</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">3.</td><td align="left">The Turkey Point Court House</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_6">6</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">4.</td><td align="left">The Vittoria Court House, 1815-1826</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">5.</td><td align="left">The London Court Houses, 1826-1853</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">6.</td><td align="left">The Elgin Court Houses, 1853-1900</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">7.</td><td align="left">Statistics--Population, Number of Houses, Etc.</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">8.</td><td align="left">Plan of Court House</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center" colspan="3" class="big">ILLUSTRATIONS.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">1.</td><td align="left"><a href="#front">Frontispiece.</a> The Munro House</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">2.</td><td align="left">The London Court House</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">3.</td><td align="left">Warden Locker, 1852-1855</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">4.</td><td align="left">The Elgin Court House, 1860</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">5.</td><td align="left">D. J. Hughes, Esq., County Judge, 1853</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">6.</td><td align="left">The Elgin Court House Before the Fire</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">7.</td><td align="left">Court Room after the Fire</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">8.</td><td align="left">Wardens 1898-1899, Chairman Building Committee, Architect and Contractor</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">9.</td><td align="left">New Court House</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">10.</td><td align="left">D. J. Hughes, Esq., County Judge, 1899</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">11.</td><td align="left">Court Room</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">12.</td><td align="left">Library</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">13.</td><td align="left">County Council Chamber</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">14.</td><td align="left">County Clerk's Office</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">15.</td><td align="left">Stained Glass Window, Main Stairway</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">16.</td><td align="left">Court House, East Side, showing Jail Entrance</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">17.</td><td align="left">Gaol Yard</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">18.</td><td align="left">A Gaol Ward</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">19.</td><td align="left">Plan of Building</td><td align="right"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center" colspan="3" class="big">REFERENCES.</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td align="left">District and County Records.</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td align="left">Oxford Gazetteer, by Shenston.</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td align="left">U. E. L. Settlement at Long Point, by Tasker.</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<div class="bbox" style="margin-top:4em; margin-bottom: 4em; margin-left:20%; margin-right:20%;
+padding-left: 20px; padding-right: 20px;">
+<p><i>"In any age it is a duty which every country owes to itself, to
+preserve the records of the past and to honor the men and women whose
+lives and deeds made possible its present, and <span class="nowrap">to-day</span> when the whole
+civilized world is throbbing to social and political impulses of the
+greatest significance for the future, we ought especially to call to
+mind such lives and deeds and catch, if we can, inspiration for acting
+well the part that falls to each of us."</i></p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>INTRODUCTION.</h2>
+
+<h3>THE PASSING CENTURY.</h3>
+
+<p>The Wonderful Century is before the bar of history. Its record shows
+everywhere progress, consolidation, expansion, improvement. Civilization
+has spread, barbarism has given away. Labor has been restored to its
+honorable station, and idleness is accounted dishonor. Privilege has
+been curtailed, liberty has widened its borders. Slavery has almost
+disappeared from the earth. The beneficent forces are stronger. The
+comforts and conveniences of life are increased and more evenly
+distributed. Disease and pain have been brought under control.</p>
+
+<p>Life has been made more interesting. Travel is easier and cheaper, and
+mankind has become acquainted with the world it inhabits. The stars have
+been discovered. They have been weighed and analysed. The human mind has
+expanded with wider knowledge.</p>
+
+<p>The railway, electricity and the Postal Union have gone far to blend the
+nations into one. Every day, all round the globe, men read the same
+news, think the same thoughts, are thrilled with the same tidings of
+heroism or suffering. Human sympathy is broadened and deepened. Mankind
+is more homogeneous in spirit. Statecraft, literature, society, have
+become democratic and cosmopolitan.</p>
+
+<p>The spirit of union dominates the century. The forces of disunion and
+disintegration are everywhere routed. Mutual benevolence is organized
+for greater effectiveness. Universal education, equality of rights and
+responsibilities, are principles of government. Religion, emphasizing
+points of agreement and ignoring points of difference, manifests itself
+in its works as never before.</p>
+
+<p>The century spans the years from Copenhagen to Paardeburg, from Nelson
+and Napoleon to Roberts and Kruger. As the battle of Copenhagen
+established the naval supremacy of Britain, so Paardeburg welded the
+empire, one and inseparable. In 1800 the principle of a United Empire
+was represented by the Loyalists of Upper Canada standing almost alone.
+In 1900, borne by their descendants to the distant plains of South
+Africa, it reached its full fruition in the final charge by the
+Canadians<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span> under Otter, on the banks of the Modder River. The principle
+includes the realization of all that the century stands for&mdash;union,
+equal rights, progress, justice, humanity.</p>
+
+<p>It is my task to say a brief foreword on the progress of Canada and
+especially the county of Elgin. The beginning of the century found
+Ontario almost an unbroken wilderness. Rare and scanty were the
+clearings here and there along Lakes Erie and Ontario, and on the great
+rivers. The winter express from Detroit to York or Niagara, made its way
+along the lonely forest path. At long intervals only did he perceive the
+smoke rising in the crisp air, from the hospitable and welcome cabin.
+The frightened deer bounded across his path into the deeper woods. The
+bear hybernated in the hollow tree. The long howling of the wolves broke
+on the midnight air. The lynx and panther crouched among the branches,
+ready to spring on the unwary traveller. The only sign of human life was
+the Indian hunter following the trail of the turkey or wild beast.</p>
+
+<p>It was in the first year of the century that a young man of twenty-nine,
+giving up brilliant prospects in the army, and turning his back on
+society, found his way to the township of Yarmouth and began a clearing
+at or near Port Stanley. With royal dukes for his advocates, he applied
+to the Imperial authorities for a large grant of land to form a
+settlement. Two years later he succeeded. Yarmouth had been appropriated
+to others, and Colonel Thomas Talbot began his actual settlement in
+Dunwich. In the middle of the century, or more accurately in the year
+1853, he died. In the same year the separation of Elgin from Middlesex
+was completed, and Colonel Talbot's "capital," St. Thomas, was made the
+County Town.</p>
+
+<p>Nearly another half century has passed since then, and it includes the
+history of the County of Elgin as a separate municipality.</p>
+
+<p>The death of the eccentric founder of the settlement divides nearly
+equally the history of the county from the time when its only
+inhabitants were the bear, wolf and panther, to the end of the century,
+which finds the county well cleared and cultivated throughout its entire
+extent; intersected by splendid highways, including the lines of five
+railway companies; peopled with a numerous and enterprising community,
+God-fearing and law-abiding, industrious and prosperous. The thriving
+city of St. Thomas, the enterprising and flourishing town of Aylmer, and
+numerous promising villages, advancing with rapid strides in magnitude
+and importance, form centres of population, where a century ago the
+primeval silence was unbroken, save by the footfall of the Mississaga
+ranging the woods in pursuit of game.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>It was during the first decades of the century that the pioneers came.
+From them the present population is largely sprung. Dunwich was the
+first to be settled. A few immigrants from the Eastern States settled
+near Port Talbot. Then the overflow of settlement from Long Point made
+itself felt in Southwold, Yarmouth, Malahide and Bayham. Before 1820 the
+Highland settlements began in Aldborough and Dunwich. The wanderings of
+the Kildonan settlers from Hudson's Bay to Red River, and thence
+eastward to Upper Canada and southward, to the settlements on Lake Erie,
+add a tragic episode to the story of the pioneers of West Elgin. Their
+hardships, sufferings and heroism can never be forgotten. Much later
+came the settlement of South Dorchester.</p>
+
+<p>These were the men who felled the forest, let the sunlight into the
+wilderness, drained the swamps, cleared and fenced the bush, made the
+roads and bridged the fords, "drave out the beasts," and established
+schools and churches. They were the sifted grain of Canadian
+immigration. For the Colonel was determined to have none but the loyal,
+industrious and enterprising, and was discriminating in the choice of
+settlers for this County, among the numerous applicants for land.</p>
+
+<p>Such were the pioneers of Elgin. We inherit the fruits of their
+strenuous toil and struggle. It was they who, with dauntless courage and
+unfaltering determination, braved all hardships, the loneliness, the
+privations, the sufferings of pioneer life, that we might enjoy the
+harvest of their labors. They slept on the bare ground in the forest
+shanty, and hewed with mighty toil the log huts, that their sons might
+live in framed houses, and their grandchildren in houses of brick
+furnished with the appliances of modern civilization. They sowed and we
+reap.</p>
+
+<p>In the old churchyards at Tyrconnel, New Glasgow, St. Thomas, and
+elsewhere near the lake shore, they rest well after their labors. The
+mouldered headboards have given way to the marble slab or stately
+monument, that records their brief history&mdash;that they lived and died.
+Their true and imperishable monument is the manhood and womanhood of
+Elgin, the beautiful farms and homes, the noble institutions of religion
+and education. Their names will be forever honored among the founders of
+the Canadian nation, and after a thousand years men will be proud to
+count their descent from the pioneers of Elgin.</p>
+
+<p>The public buildings of a community are a fair index of the character of
+the people. In this view, the completion of the new Court House is an
+event, and its evolution, as recorded in this volume, is a study of
+historical and sociological value.</p>
+
+<p>The new building is admirably adapted to the purposes for<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span> which it is
+intended. It is up-to-date in every particular. Visitors from other
+parts pronounce it, as its predecessor was pronounced when first
+erected, one of the handsomest and most commodious public buildings in
+the Province. The architect and contractors have done their part well;
+but the credit is mainly and beyond all due to the public spirit of the
+people of Elgin, who were resolved that nothing short of best would
+satisfy them, and who were willing to be taxed to a reasonable extent
+upon the sole condition that the building should be well and honestly
+built, be a credit to the county and answer its purpose.</p>
+
+<p>Doubtless before another century rolls round, the increase of population
+and wealth may call for an enlarged building, but it is certain that no
+changes in architectural science will produce one that will better
+reflect the intelligence and enterprise, the wealth and the culture of
+the people, than the beautiful and commodious structure, which is <span class="nowrap">to-day</span>
+the pride and the boast of the citizens of this county.</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="smcap">James H. Coyne.</span></span><br />
+</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p>
+<h2>The Court Houses of a Century.</h2>
+
+
+<p>The History of the Court Houses of Ontario is closely associated with
+the development of the Province. The first recognition of population in
+South Western Ontario was the formation in 1788, of the District of
+Hesse and the appointment of Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, and
+other officials.</p>
+
+<p>The only inhabitants were in the French settlements around Detroit,
+where the barracks and Government House were located. In 1792 Upper
+Canada, now Ontario, was divided into nineteen Counties, Norfolk,
+Suffolk, Essex and Kent occupying nearly the same territory as the
+District of Hesse. Representatives to the Provincial Parliament were
+elected and, at the first session convened at Niagara in September,
+1792, an Act was passed for building a Gaol and Court House in every
+district, and for altering the names of the districts. Hesse was
+hereafter called the Western District, and the Court House and Gaol was
+ordered to be built at Detroit. The Courts were held there until the
+evacuation of Detroit by the British in 1795, after which they were held
+in the Parish of Assumption, now Sandwich. D. W. Smith, in his Gazetteer
+of 1799, states: "That there is a good Gaol and Court House," in
+Sandwich, "situated a little below the fort of Detroit, on the east side
+of the <a name="corr_10" id="corr_10"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: river.">river."</ins></p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>The Munro House, 1800-1802.</h2>
+
+
+<p>The U. E. Loyalists settlement of Norfolk commenced in 1793, and in 1798
+the rapid increase in population was recognized by a division of the
+Western District and the formation of three Counties, Norfolk, Oxford
+and Middlesex to be known as the London District. This was organized by
+the appointment of a general commission of the peace and the necessary
+officials. The first meeting of the resident Magistrates was held in the
+house of Lieutenant James Munro, of Charlotteville, on 1st April, 1800,
+for the purpose of carrying the Commission into execution, and the first
+General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the District was ordered to be
+holden at the same place on Tuesday, the 8th day of April, <a name="corr_17" id="corr_17"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: 1900">1800</ins>.</p>
+
+<p>The Munro House above referred to, was built in 1796, on lot 14 in the
+5th concession of Charlotteville. It was the best house which had been
+erected up to that time, and stands <span class="nowrap">to-day</span> as an old land mark, about a
+half mile back from the road<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span> running straight west from Vittoria. It is
+a two story frame house of considerable size. The frame was made of hewn
+timber, with bents four feet apart, strengthened by tie girths, morticed
+and <a name="corr_16" id="corr_16"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: tendoned.">tenoned</ins>&mdash;a marvel of axeman's skill. The planks for the floor and
+sheeting were cut out by the whip saw. The original roof is on the
+building at the present time. The shingles are of cedar, rudely whittled
+by the draw knife, and show in places an original thickness of over an
+inch.</p>
+
+<p>A temporary jail was erected near the house, a log building fourteen
+feet by twenty-five feet, divided into two rooms&mdash;one for the debtors
+and the other for those charged with criminal offences. This building
+was erected during the winter of 1800 by day labor, and was used for
+nearly a year. The courts were held here until 1802, when they were
+removed to Turkey Point or Fort Norfolk under the authority of an Act
+passed in the year 1801.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>Turkey Point, 1802-1812.</h2>
+
+
+<p>The Courts at Turkey Point were first held in the public house of Job
+Loder. In 1803 the contract for a court house was awarded. It was to be
+a frame building forty feet in length by twenty-six feet in width, to be
+two stories high, the first or lower story to be ten feet between floor
+and ceiling, and the second or upper story to be eight feet high. The
+original specifications were as follows: "The building to be erected on
+a foundation of white oak timber squared, the same to be sound and of
+sufficient thickness, the building to be shingled and to have two
+sufficient floors, an entry eight feet wide to be made from the front
+door across one end of the lower story, from which winding stairs are to
+be erected to ascend to the second story; two rooms are to be
+partitioned off in the second or upper story for juries. Nine windows
+are to be made in front and ten in rear, of twenty-four lights each,
+seven by three. The front door to be made of inch and a half plank, six
+panel, and to have a good sufficient lock and key. Two windows are to be
+finished in the first story opposite each other, so as to afford
+sufficient light to the bar, besides two windows of fifteen lights each
+behind the Judge or Chairman's seat. The rest of the windows are to be
+cased and nailed up for the present. The Bar, table, Justices' seat,
+benches for the bar and a table for each jury room, and benches for the
+same are to be finished; the three inside doors to be temporary; a seat
+and writing table for Clerk, to be made between the bench and the bar.
+Note&mdash;The house to be raised, shingled, weather-boarded and floored,
+and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span> the bench for the Judge and Justices, Judge or Chairman's writing
+desk, Clerk's seat and table, the bar and table and benches therefor,
+the four windows below and two above to be finished, the rest of the
+windows cased and nailed up. The front door to be finished, and the
+other three temporary doors to be made and hung. Comprehends the present
+contract proposed by the court to be performed by the next assizes for
+this district."</p>
+
+<p>Courts were held in this building commencing in the year 1804 until it
+was appropriated for the use of prisoners during the war of 1812.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>The Vittoria Court House, 1815-1826.</h2>
+
+
+<p>In 1815 an act was passed which provided that the courts of general
+quarter sessions for the district of London should be held at
+Charlotteville. The Magistrates were ordered to make a choice of the
+most convenient place, and a meeting was accordingly held at the house
+of Thomas Finch on the 13th June, 1815. John Backhouse, Thomas Talbot
+and Robert Finch were appointed Commissioners to superintend the
+building, and a brick court house and gaol was erected at Vittoria at an
+expense of £9,000. During the erection of the building, courts were held
+in the houses of Thomas Finch, Francis Beaupre and Mathias Steel. The
+first meeting of the sessions was held in the new court house on 8th
+April, 1817, and it was used until 1826, when it was partially destroyed
+by fire.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<h2>The London Court Houses, 1826-1853.</h2>
+
+
+<p>An Act was then passed to establish a District town in a more central
+place, and courts were ordered to be held in some part of the
+reservation made for the site of a town near the forks of the River
+Thames. This was at London where four acres were set apart for the
+purposes of the jail and court house. The commissioners appointed for
+the purpose of erecting the building, Thomas Talbot, Mahlon Burwell,
+James Hamilton, Charles Ingersoll and John Matthews, held their first
+meeting in St. Thomas. During the erection of the court house at London,
+courts were held in a private house at Vittoria, and afterwards at St.
+Thomas. Dr. C. Hodgins, in his History of Education of Upper Canada,
+states that on one occasion the Court of King's Bench, with Judge
+Sherwood presiding and the late Sir John Beverley Robinson in attendance
+as King's Attorney, was held in an upper room of a building used by Mr.
+Stephen Randal as a grammar school. This building was afterwards<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span>
+removed to the school lot near the present residence of Judge
+Ermatinger, and was known as the "Talbot Seminary."</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/image004.jpg" width="500" height="460" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">THE LONDON COURT HOUSE.<br />
+<i>From "Illustrated London," copyrighted. By permission London Printing
+and Lithographing Co. (Limited.)</i></span>
+</div>
+
+<p>The first court house in London was constructed of flat logs, and on the
+ground floor was a log partition to separate the jail from the jailer's
+room. The court room above was reached by stairs outside. This was
+followed by the erection of a two story frame building upon the same
+square where the present court house stands, but closer to the street.
+In one end of the first floor were placed two cells, which were rendered
+more secure by being surrounded with logs, from which the building
+acquired the distinctive title of "The Old Log Court House." Courts were
+first held there in 1828.</p>
+
+<p>In 1838 a new jail was proposed, and in the years 1843 and 1844 the
+present jail and court house in London was completed at a cost of
+£8,500. The latter resembles the castle of Malahide near Dublin, the
+birth place of Col. Talbot.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p>
+<h2>The Elgin Court House, 1853-1898.</h2>
+
+
+<p>The County of Elgin was established by an Act of the Legislature passed
+in August, 1851, and formed a union with Middlesex until County
+Buildings were erected. The provisional County Council held its first
+meeting in the Town Hall, St. Thomas, on April 15th, 1852. The first
+business was to erect a jail and Court House. Offers of building sites
+were received from Messrs. Curtis and Lawrence and Benjamin Drake. The
+Curtis sites were north of Talbot Street and West of East Street. The
+Lawrence site, two acres, included the lot on which the Post Office now
+stands. The Drake site appears to have been considered suitable before
+the county was formed as a deed from Benjamin Drake to Queen Victoria,
+dated the 25th of October, 1848, and registered the 30th of October,
+1851, conveys the Jail and Court House Block to Her Majesty for public
+buildings for county and district purposes only. A resolution of the
+County Council shows that the final acceptance of this site depended on
+obtaining water at fifteen feet, failing this a new site was to be
+chosen. The location for the building on lot selected was next
+considered.</p>
+
+<p>Petitions to front the buildings on Stanley Street were presented, but
+they were ordered to face north so as to stand parallel with the Talbot
+Road in front of Queen Street.</p>
+
+<p>Plans were received from architects Thomas and Tully, of Toronto, and
+John Turner of Brantford.</p>
+
+<p>The plans submitted by Mr. Turner were the same as for the Court House
+at Brantford, which he was building. These were adopted with some
+changes suggested by other plans before the council.</p>
+
+<p>The contract was awarded to Garner Ellwood for £4,580, on the 19th June,
+1852. The jail, jailor's house, etc., to be completed by the 15th
+September following, and the Court House on the 1st August, 1853.</p>
+
+<p>The Building Committee consisted of the whole council, of which Messrs.
+Clark and Locker of Malahide, Ganson of Yarmouth, Skinner of Bayham,
+Munro of Southwold and Parish of St. Thomas, were the most active.
+Thomas Cheeseman was the architect's superintendent in charge of the
+work.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/image005.jpg" width="400" height="559" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">WARDEN LOCKER, 1852-1855</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>The jail was not completed until the spring of 1853, and on the 23rd of
+March Mr. Ellwood gave up the contract, £2,764 having been expended. The
+Warden was then authorized to proceed with the work which, with the
+exception of minor contracts, was completed by day labor, with Thomas
+Fraser, builder, of London, as superintendent. The Gaol as at first<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span>
+erected was not satisfactory, the plan being defective. This increased
+the cost and when the buildings were completed and furnished in 1854,
+the total expenditure was £11,405. Mr. Ellwood in tendering for the
+buildings was guided by the figures supplied by Architect Turner who was
+then erecting a court<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span> house at Brantford. In a subsequent report to the
+council Mr. Turner states that in the erection of the Brantford building
+he ruined himself, and that he could not have erected the Elgin
+buildings at a less price than they cost the county.</p>
+
+<p>A Special Committee reported on completion of the work: "That after
+taking into consideration the advance in price of material and
+labor&mdash;that the buildings have been erected in as judicious and
+economical a manner as the circumstances would admit, and that the
+beautiful workmanship and design is not surpassed by any building in
+Canada west."</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/image006.jpg" width="400" height="316" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">THE ELGIN COURTHOUSE, 1860.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>The Royal Arms Rampant, which is very much admired, on the front of the
+Court House, is in size twelve feet by six feet, and cost £93. They were
+supplied by Messrs. Cochranes and Pollock of Toronto, from a sketch
+drawn by Mr. John M. Walthew who also painted the picture placed in the
+court room, the beauty of which the council acknowledged by special
+resolution in January 1855. Sculptured faces were placed in the east and
+west gables of the building. That in the west resembles Lord Elgin,
+after whom the county was named, and the other may be architect Turner
+but at present no one seems to know definitely who they were intended to
+represent.</p>
+
+<p>In 1853 the Town Hall of the Village of St. Thomas was secured for court
+purposes on condition that any fittings, etc., required were to be
+supplied by the County, and left in the building when court house was
+completed. Plans of the new<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> buildings and of the town hall were
+submitted to the statutory commissioners, and approved of as suitable
+for court purposes. On the 30th of September, 1852, a proclamation was
+published in the Official Gazette, dissolving the union of Elgin and
+Middlesex.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;">
+<img src="images/image007.jpg" width="300" height="391" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">D. J. HUGHES, ESQ., COUNTY JUDGE, 1853.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>The Officers appointed were:</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Judge, David John Hughes.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Sheriff, Colin Munro.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Registrar, John McKay.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Clerk of Peace, James Farley.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Clerk of the Court, Peter Murtagh.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Jailor, John King.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">County Clerk. William McKay.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">County Treasurer, William Coyne.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">County Engineer, Charles Fraser.</span><br />
+</p>
+
+<p>During November, 1853, the offices of the Sheriff, Clerk of the Peace
+and Clerk of the County Court were located in one room in the apartments
+erected for the Jailor.</p>
+
+<p>On the 15th of November, 1853, the first court of quarter sessions of
+the <a name="corr_11" id="corr_11"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: Couty">County</ins> of Elgin opened at St. Thomas in the Town Hall,
+David John Hughes, County Judge, presiding. In opening the court, the
+Judge delivered the following address to the Grand Jury:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;"><span class="smcap">Gentlemen of the Grand Jury.</span>&mdash;&mdash;</span><br />
+</p>
+
+<p>"It is usual for the presiding Justice at our criminal courts to address
+to grand inquests, remarks upon the duties which have to be discharged
+by them. This being the first time we have met together in our relative
+capacities, I think the occasion a becoming one for congratulating you
+and the inhabitants of this fine county in general, in being now
+separated from the senior county for the transaction of all the
+judicial, municipal and other business of our inhabitants.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/image008.jpg" width="400" height="300" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">THE ELGIN COURT HOUSE BEFORE THE FIRE.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>Anyone who has lived in what was the London district for twenty years,
+and who will look back upon the time when, with little better than a
+mere track to guide or assist them, most of the settlers were obliged to
+travel the primeval forests to distances of fifty or sixty miles to
+attend courts, and for other purposes in the way of business, and who
+now have public offices almost brought within reach of their own doors,
+cannot but feel thankful that a gracious Providence has favored the
+country and its inhabitants with such prosperity&mdash;a prosperity which is
+still on the increase, at a rate surpassing the expectations of the most
+sanguine.</p>
+
+<p>If we look beyond the limits of our own county and view the Province at
+large, we see progress and prosperity, peace, contentment and general
+happiness surrounding us. We find the minds of the people progressing
+too, for with a bountiful provision for schools and a well ordered
+system, the rising<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span> generation are enabled, and doubtless will keep pace
+with their monetary prosperity.</p>
+
+<p>The encouragement that agriculture has met with in an increased demand
+for the staple produce of the county, and remunerative prices will call
+for an improved system of tilling the fields. The encouragement given to
+manufactures by the increased consumption, justifies enterprise in an
+increase of fabrics; and all these call forth the necessary supply of
+improved and cultivated minds&mdash;so that enquiry is awakened, and the
+benefit of our schools and colleges is every year becoming more and more
+appreciated and will be so much better attended and encouraged, that
+they will themselves improve in their standard and tone, so that Canada
+in one or two generations will equal, if not successfully rival, parts
+of the world which are now considered amongst the freest and most
+contented.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/image009.jpg" width="400" height="292" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">COURT ROOM AFTER THE FIRE.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>We enjoy a liberty in our civil and religious affairs which admits not
+only of a freedom of thought, but action. We can watch our very rulers,
+and have the means in our hands of curbing usurpation of power or
+infringements of rights by the privilege we can exercise of approving or
+disapproving of the advisers of the crown. We can worship the Almighty
+in our own way; no one venturing to disturb or make us afraid. We can
+educate our children almost entirely at the public expense, and place
+them within reach of the highest honors that their talents entitle them
+to, or that the country can bestow. The time has gone by for those
+honors to belong only to a class; or when promising aspirants can be
+successfully frowned upon by those who fancy that they hold a
+prescriptive right to them; and the time has arrived for men not to be
+judged by the occupations they are day by day employed in, but by the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span>
+integrity of their purposes, the cultivation of their minds, the
+uprightness of their characters, and their successfulness in
+accomplishing some good for themselves and their fellow-men.</p>
+
+<p>In entering upon the duties of the office I fill, I must confess my
+misgivings as to the ability to discharge them aright. They are onerous,
+responsible, and will be at times arduous and disagreeable. I depend
+upon the forbearance of those with whom I shall be brought in contact,
+and claim their assistance and advice when necessity shall suggest it. I
+desire to see the great body of the people, whose business or affairs
+shall be brought under my judicial notice, satisfied that justice and
+right are aimed at, however, I may fall short in administering them, and
+in my magisterial capacity I rely upon the aid of my brother magistrates
+to further these motives; for I doubt not that by mutually according to
+one another, integrity of purpose, (as I shall at times desire to
+attribute to them) we shall be able to accomplish much good in the way
+of checking vice and setting a good example to the several neighborhoods
+we respectively inhabit.</p>
+
+<p>The County Buildings are not yet quite completed, but I am informed that
+before the next sessions, the Court may be held in them; and when
+finished I am satisfied they will not be surpassed in beauty,
+convenience and comfort by any in the Province."</p>
+
+<p>The first Court of Quarter Sessions was held in the Court House, on the
+5th of January, 1854, and on the 11th of April, in the same year, Hon.
+Justice Draper opened the first Court of Assize. Col. John Prince,
+Q. C., one of the lawyers in attendance at this Court, complimented the
+County on the magnificence of the Court House, which, he said, was
+unsurpassed by any Court House in the Province.</p>
+
+<p>On June 7th, 1854, all of the offices in the Court House were occupied,
+and the building completed, with the exception of some painting and the
+erection of the Royal Arms.</p>
+
+<p>The County Buildings remained the same until the gaol was rebuilt, and
+wall erected in 1872. This was followed by a new Registry Office in
+1874, and a Gaoler's residence in 1889-1891. On the 1st of July, 1898, a
+fire occurred at midnight, destroying the roof and upper portion of the
+Court House, the whole building being damaged by water.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<div class="figleft" style="width: 200px;">
+<img src="images/image010_a.jpg" width="200" height="266" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">DANIEL LANG. Warden, 1898.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;">
+<img src="images/image010_b.jpg" width="200" height="245" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">OSCAR McKENNEY. Warden, 1898.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 200px;">
+<img src="images/image010_c.jpg" width="200" height="254" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">ARCHIBALD J. LEITCH. Chairman Building Committee.
+1898-1899.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figleft" style="width: 200px;">
+<img src="images/image010_d.jpg" width="200" height="258" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">NEIL R. DARRACH. Architect.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;">
+<img src="images/image010_e.jpg" width="200" height="251" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">ROBERT CARROLL. Contractor.</span>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span></p>
+<h2>The Elgin Court House, 1898-1900.</h2>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/image011.jpg" width="400" height="294" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">THE NEW COURT HOUSE.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>The first meeting of the County Council, after the burning of the Court
+House, was held in the Grand Central Hotel, St. Thomas, on July 8th. The
+Insurance appraisers' award fixing the amount of damage at $5,509, was
+then presented. Mr. J. M. Green, contractor, was valuator on behalf of
+the County. The County officials were consulted in reference to
+temporary accommodation, and the Clerk was authorized to rent offices
+from Mr. Charles Spohn, on the south-west corner of William and Talbot
+streets. A special Building Committee was appointed, with power to
+employ an architect, visit other Court Houses, to have plans prepared,
+and report. The committee, consisting of Messrs. A. J. Leitch, S. B.
+Morris, D. Turner, R. Locker, D. F. Moore. W. B. Cole and Warden Lang,
+accompanied by N. R. Darrach, architect, and J. A. Bell, County
+Engineer, proceeded to Brantford, to examine the county buildings, which
+had recently been enlarged. Instructions were given to prepare plans to
+include enlargement of building and re-modelling Jail and Jailer's
+residence and kitchen. The County Council met on the 27th of July, to
+receive report presented by Architect Darrach, who estimated the cost of
+plans submitted at about $33,000. Opposition was offered by some members
+of the Council, who were desirous of limiting the cost of building to
+$20,000, but the architect's plans were adopted. A by-law was passed
+appointing a special building committee, and authorizing the Warden to
+sign contracts. The architect's fee was fixed at $1,200 for the whole
+work. Tenders were received, and as all of them exceeded the
+architect's<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span> estimate, a special meeting of the Council was called for
+the 8th of September, to consider the matter. At this session the
+building committee reported in favor of the adoption of the following
+tenders:</p>
+
+
+<div class="center">
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Tenders Adopted with Costs">
+<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">J. H. McKnight &amp; Co., Toronto, for the whole work, with the exception of the electric wiring, iron work and plumbing.</td><td align="right"><span class="nowrap">$33,990 00</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">R. A. L. Grey, Toronto, electric wiring</td><td align="right">346 00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">Stacey &amp; Co., St. Thomas, iron work</td><td align="right">1,231 42</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">C. T. Bull, St. Thomas, plumbing</td><td align="right">1,047 00</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;">
+<img src="images/image012.jpg" width="300" height="378" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">D. J. HUGHES, ESQ., COUNTY JUDGE, 1899.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>This report was adopted and contracts signed by all with the exception
+of Mr. Bull. Mr. A. J. Leitch, Chairman of the Building Committee, was
+appointed to inspect the work as it progressed, and issue orders for
+payment in accordance with the architect's estimates. Tenders for
+heating and plumbing were received in January, 1899, and contracts
+awarded&mdash;the heating to Joseph Harrison for $3,146, and the plumbing to
+Keith &amp; Fitzsimmons, Toronto, for $1,125. The Building Committee next
+considered the question of furnishing, and for the purpose of securing
+information, visited the court houses in Stratford and Woodstock, and in
+March, 1899, tenders were received and the following contracts awarded:</p>
+
+
+<div class="center">
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Contracts Awarded with Costs">
+<tr><td align="left">J. Acheson, St. Thomas, hardware</td><td align="right"><span class="nowrap">$400 00</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">McDonald &amp; Wilson, Toronto, gas fixtures</td><td align="right">645 00</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span>The Preston Office &amp; School Furniture Company, for special work</td><td align="right"><span class="nowrap">2,995 00</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left" style="padding-left: 2em;">And for furniture, desks, etc</td><td align="right">556 80</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">The Office Specialty Company, Toronto, for letter press, stands, vault fittings, etc</td><td align="right">892 50</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/image013.jpg" width="500" height="393" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">COURT ROOM.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>Carpets and window blinds were procured from J. B. Kay, Son &amp; Co.,
+Toronto, and rubber matting for the stairs from the Gutta Percha &amp;
+Rubber Co., two clocks for the court room and council chamber, from W.
+R. Jackson. Stained glass windows with appropriate designs were ordered
+from N. T. Lyons, Toronto, for the main stairway, one contains a picture
+of the old and new buildings; the other, the names of the County Council
+for the years 1898 and 1899. Stone walks around the building and through
+the grounds were put down by the Silica Barytic Stone Company, of
+Ingersoll, at the cost of $579.02. The work of grading the grounds was
+completed under superintendence of W. Irving.</p>
+
+
+<h3>OPENING PROCEEDINGS.</h3>
+
+<p>The Court House was formally opened on Wednesday, the 13th day of
+December, 1899, the occasion being the first day of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span> the Court of
+General Sessions of the Peace, and of the County Court.</p>
+
+<p>The proceedings commenced at 2.40 p. m. Judge Hughes presided, and on
+his right was Junior Judge Ermatinger, and on his left Sheriff Brown.</p>
+
+<p>Judge Hughes explained that he had invited Rev. Canon Hill and
+Vicar-General Bayard to be present, to assist in the opening
+proceedings, but they had other engagements and could not attend. There
+were present Revs. D. R. Drummond, Prof. T. L. Fowler, of the Disciples
+College, and Rev. R. I. Warner, principal of Alma College.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/image014.jpg" width="400" height="304" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">LIBRARY.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>Rev. D. R. Drummond opened the proceedings with prayer, Rev. Prof.
+Fowler read the scriptures, and Rev. Prof. Warner led in prayer.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Oscar McKenney, Warden of Elgin County, read the following address
+to Judge Hughes, on behalf of the County Council:</p>
+
+<p>"Before proceeding with the business of the County Court and General
+Sessions of the Peace, the County Council desire to congratulate your
+Honor on your good health and physical and mental vigor, which is
+remarkable when we consider that you have occupied your present position
+for over forty-six years. You had the honor of presiding at the first
+court held in the old buildings in 1854, and have since done much to
+assist in the development of the county. You have witnessed many changes
+and can refer to many pleasant experiences which are the accompaniment
+of a long and useful life. The Court House which we hereby formally hand
+over to you for Court purposes, is representative of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span> our idea of the
+advancement made by a wealthy and prosperous community during the past
+half a century.</p>
+
+<p>We hope you may enjoy continued good health, and that the remainder of
+your life may be pleasant and a restful recompense for many busy years.</p>
+
+<p>The members of the Council will make a few remarks as they feel it is
+difficult in a brief address to refer to all the circumstances that have
+brought us together <span class="nowrap">to-day</span>."</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/image015.jpg" width="500" height="387" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">COUNTY COUNCIL CHAMBER.</span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/image016.jpg" width="400" height="388" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">COUNTY CLERK&#39;S OFFICE.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>Councillor Frank Hunt delivered the oration of the day on behalf of the
+County Council. He spoke as follows:</p>
+
+<p>"This is an important occasion. Important because it makes a page in the
+history of the county. It establishes a milestone marking the progress
+of a people who first planted civilization in this county a century ago.
+The burning of the old Court House necessitated the building of a new
+one, and this gave the present council the opportunity to erect a
+building characteristic of the people, and of the arts and sciences of
+this particular period. The old court house was emblematic of the
+pioneers of this county. It exhibited wisdom, strength and beauty. As
+much as I admire the new structure I am glad the front of the old court
+house is preserved, and will hand down to future ages in its<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span> Grecian
+columns and pilasters, the artistic taste of the pioneers who could
+spare from the rewards of unceasing toil money to erect a court house
+that bore the impress of the best art of their time. The excellence and
+thoroughness of the structure attest the true worth and integrity of the
+pioneers of the County of Elgin. I cannot but think, when considering
+the population and wealth of the county fifty years ago with that of
+<span class="nowrap">to-day</span>, that in the erection of the new court house we have spent less
+for artistic effect than did the pioneers. Modern requirements for the
+comforts of those attending courts, or on official business, entailed a
+large expense, which was not considered in the erection of buildings
+fifty years ago. The provision made for women during a forced attendance
+at court shows how far we have advanced on one particular line. It is a
+grand building of the utilitarian type, and erected on such lines that
+great beauty may be discovered by a casual glance. I want to say a word
+in praise of the architect who designed the building and supervised its
+erection to the satisfaction of the Building Committee. The epitaph in
+St. Paul's Cathedral says: "If you would know the genius of Christopher
+Wren, look around you." I will say, also, and it is all that is
+necessary, if you would know the genius of Mr. Darrach, look around you
+and see that he is master of his art.</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">New occasions teach new duties,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Time makes ancient good uncouth,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">We must upward still and onward,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Who would reach the realms of truth.<br /></span>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span></div></div>
+
+<div class="figcenter bbox" style="width:500px; padding:20px;">
+<p>Art, national or individual, is the result of a long
+course of previous life and training; a necessary result, if that life
+has been loyal, and an impossible one, if it has been base.&mdash;<i>Ruskin.</i></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;">
+<img src="images/image017.jpg" width="300" height="588" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">WINDOW, MAIN STAIRWAY.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>In its important examples, all municipal art should be at once a
+decoration and a commemoration&mdash;it must beautify and should celebrate;
+thus becoming a double stimulus, first to the aesthetic sense, second to
+the sense of patriotism.&mdash;<i>Blashfield.</i></p>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span>
+I cannot close without reference to His Honor Judge Hughes and his long
+judicial career in the County of Elgin. He opened the old court house
+forty-six years ago; he has been spared to open the new. In the first
+courts he grasped by the hand the men who planted civilization on the
+shores of Lake Erie. He has lived to grasp by the hand their children
+and grand-children. He came here in his early years, a type of that
+manhood which comes from the chisel of Pericles, and the great masters
+of the Grecian school. He has seen the county a wilderness, he now sees
+it populous and wealthy, inhabited by a people educated, industrious; a
+people who love God and keep his commandments.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/image018.jpg" width="500" height="314" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">COURT HOUSE, EAST SIDE, SHOWING GAOL ENTRANCE.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>He has left his impress on his county and its people, and can it not be
+said that it has been for the good of society, for the happiness and
+advancement of the people? His legal knowledge, and his great ability is
+known throughout the Province. His untiring industry has been
+proverbial. He has administered the law with fairness, and tempered
+justice with mercy. It is not contended that he was or is
+<a name="corr_12" id="corr_12"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: fautless">faultless</ins>.</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Who thinketh a faultless man to see?<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Thinks what ne'er was and ne'er shall be.<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>It is the desire of the council that his learning and great abilities
+may long be spared to his fellow-citizens, and that</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">An old age serene and bright,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Lovely as a Lapland night,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Shall lead thee to the <a name="corr_13" id="corr_13"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: grave.">grave."</ins><br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>County Councillor J. H. Yarwood voiced the sentiments of Mr. Hunt, and
+extended the congratulations of the county to the Judge for the manner
+in which he had administered the affairs of the county, and hoped he
+would be spared for many years.</p>
+
+<p>County Councillors S. B. Morris, W. O. Pollock, D. Lang,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span> W. M. Ford, E.
+McKellar, Mahlon Lyon, D. Moore and A. J. Leitch also delivered
+addresses of congratulation.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/image019.jpg" width="500" height="408" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">GAOL YARD.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>Judge Hughes thanked the County Council for the privilege of opening the
+new Court House. The county building was a testimonial to the
+advancement of the county council. He had to acknowledge with thanks the
+many kind things said of him personally, and of the way he had
+administered justice in the county. The building is an index, not only
+of enterprise and good taste, but also of conception for the convenience
+of those who had to attend the county buildings to do business. The
+mistake with the old building was that Architect Turner had his plans
+<a name="corr_14" id="corr_14"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: iterferred">interfered</ins> with, and all the rooms, except the court room,
+were but half the size intended. He concurred in all that had been said
+of the architect. The contractors, too, had performed their work well.
+The court house was a manifestation of the progress of municipal
+institutions. He had found the county council always ready to encourage
+education and grammar schools, and this building was a monument to their
+honor.</p>
+
+<p>The county court was then opened by Court Crier Hopkins, when Mr. John
+Crawford, of Aylmer, on behalf of the bar of Elgin, extended to Judge
+Hughes their congratulations upon the long term he had served on the
+bench, and upon his distinguished services during that time. The members
+of the bar were in hearty sympathy with and heartily endorsed the
+remarks made by the members of the county council. The members of the
+bar hoped the Judge might be long spared to occupy the high position
+which he did.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Judge Hughes said he could only express his high appreciation of the
+kind things said of him. It was an honor for a man to act as judge where
+there was such a bar as in the county of Elgin. He concluded by thanking
+Mr. Crawford and the other members for their kind remarks.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/image020.jpg" width="500" height="402" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption">F. HUNT, J. P., HOLDING COURT IN A GAOL WARD, AFTER THE
+FIRE.</span>
+</div>
+
+<p>In the evening the judge entertained the members of the bar and the
+municipal and judicial officers of the county of Elgin at a banquet in
+honor of the occasion of the re-opening of the court house and the 46th
+anniversary of his appointment. This was held at the Grand Central
+Hotel.</p>
+
+<p>All the work connected with the court house improvements was completed
+in the spring of 1900. The final report of the Building Committee was
+not, however presented until the 23rd of November. The total cost was
+$50,954.72, and of this amount the city of St. Thomas contributed
+$12,178.17.</p>
+
+<p>The excellent service rendered to the county by architect Darrach was
+recognized by the presentation of an address, suitably engrossed,
+expressing the councils appreciation of his efforts. The report also
+directed attention to the satisfactory manner in which Messrs. McKnight
+&amp; Co., the principal contractors, who were represented by the senior
+member of the firm, Mr. R. Carroll, had completed their work. After the
+adoption of the report a resolution was passed tendering the thanks of
+the council to A. J. Leitch, Esq., for his services as Chairman of the
+Building Committee.</p>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span></p>
+<h2><i>STATISTICS.</i></h2>
+
+<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Population">
+<tr><td align="left">COUNTY OF ELGIN.</td><td colspan="7">POPULATION.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="right">1817</td><td align="right">1841</td><td align="right">1851</td><td align="right">1861</td><td align="right">1871</td><td align="right">1881</td><td align="right">1891</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Aldborough</span></td><td align="right">400</td><td align="right">733</td><td align="right">1,226</td><td align="right">2,325</td><td align="right">3,500</td><td align="right">4,718</td><td align="right">5,299</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Bayham</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">2,108</td><td align="right">5,092</td><td align="right">5,141</td><td align="right">4,895</td><td align="right">4,689</td><td align="right">3,856</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dunwich</span></td><td align="right">500</td><td align="right">633</td><td align="right">1,948</td><td align="right">2,888</td><td align="right">3,731</td><td align="right">4,290</td><td align="right">3,663</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dorchester</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">635</td><td align="right">1,477</td><td align="right">2,204</td><td align="right">2,071</td><td align="right">1,844</td><td align="right">1,624</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Malahide</span></td><td align="right">775</td><td align="right">2,218</td><td align="right">4,050</td><td align="right">5,320</td><td align="right">5,554</td><td align="right">4,415</td><td align="right">3,851</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Southwold</span></td><td align="right">900</td><td align="right">2,563</td><td align="right">5,063</td><td align="right">5,467</td><td align="right">5,559</td><td align="right">5,206</td><td align="right">4,766</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Yarmouth</span></td><td align="right">400</td><td align="right">3,664</td><td align="right">5,288</td><td align="right">6,166</td><td align="right">5,563</td><td align="right">5,575</td><td align="right">5,471</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">St. Thomas</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td></td><td align="right">1,274</td><td align="right">1,631</td><td align="right">2,197</td><td align="right">8,367</td><td align="right">10,370</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Vienna</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">590</td><td align="right">528</td><td align="right">398</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Port Stanley</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td></td><td align="right">674</td><td align="right">616</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Aylmer</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td></td><td align="right">1,540</td><td align="right">2,167</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Springfield</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td></td><td align="right">555</td><td align="right">463</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dutton</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">838</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Totals</span></td><td align="right">2,975</td><td align="right">12,554</td><td align="right">25,418</td><td align="right">31,142</td><td align="right">33,660</td><td align="right">42,401</td><td align="right">43,382</td></tr>
+</table>
+<p>&nbsp;</p>
+
+<table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Houses and Schools">
+<tr><td align="left">COUNTY OF ELGIN.</td><td colspan="7">NUMBER OF HOUSES.</td><td align="left">Schools.</td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">1817</td><td align="right">1841</td><td align="right">1851</td><td align="right">1861</td><td align="right">1871</td><td align="right">1881</td><td align="right">1891</td><td align="right">1817</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Aldborough</span></td><td align="right">90</td><td align="right">13</td><td align="right">189</td><td align="right">311</td><td align="right">630</td><td align="right">880</td><td align="right">1,064</td><td align="right">1</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Bayham</span></td><td align="right">60</td><td align="right">133</td><td align="right">732</td><td align="right">887</td><td align="right">955</td><td align="right">978</td><td align="right">882</td><td align="right">2</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dunwich</span></td><td align="right">100</td><td align="right">45</td><td align="right">316</td><td align="right">450</td><td align="right">673</td><td align="right">820</td><td align="right">744</td><td align="right">1</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dorchester</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">10</td><td align="right">238</td><td align="right">345</td><td align="right">378</td><td align="right">423</td><td align="right">341</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Malahide</span></td><td align="right">150</td><td align="right">125</td><td align="right">692</td><td align="right">726</td><td align="right">1,104</td><td align="right">956</td><td align="right">887</td><td align="right">2</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Southwold</span></td><td align="right">180</td><td align="right">175</td><td align="right">800</td><td align="right">579</td><td align="right">993</td><td align="right">998</td><td align="right">973</td><td align="right">3</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Yarmouth</span></td><td align="right">75</td><td align="right">299</td><td align="right">881</td><td align="right">1,128</td><td align="right">1,067</td><td align="right">1,161</td><td align="right">1,150</td><td align="right">2</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">St. Thomas</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">226</td><td align="right">390</td><td align="right">417</td><td align="right">1,634</td><td align="right">2,205</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Vienna</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">103</td><td align="right">105</td><td align="right">99</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Port Stanley</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">139</td><td align="right">128</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Aylmer</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">330</td><td align="right">521</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Springfield</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">130</td><td align="right">123</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Dutton</span></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td>&nbsp;</td><td align="right">167</td><td>&nbsp;</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">Totals</span></td><td align="right">655</td><td align="right">800</td><td align="right">4,074</td><td align="right">4,816</td><td align="right">6,320</td><td align="right">8,554</td><td align="right">9,284</td><td align="right">11</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class="center">The statistics of 1817 are taken from Robt. Gourlay's Book. For other
+years official census reports were referred to.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p>
+<h2>Plan of the Court House.</h2>
+
+
+<h3>GROUND FLOOR.</h3>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Key to Ground Floor Plan" width="80%">
+<tr><td align="left">NO.</td><td align="center">BY WHOM OCCUPIED.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">1-2.</td><td align="left">County Attorney and Clerk of the Peace.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">3-4-5.</span></td><td align="left">County Court Clerk. The Vault was formerly used as an office by County Court Clerk and Junior Judge.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">6.</td><td align="left">Inspector of Public Schools. Formerly occupied with vault adjoining by Clerk of the Peace.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">7.</td><td align="left">Junior Judge's Office. Formerly Occupied: (1) County Treasurer's Office. (2) Law Library. (3) Jailer. (4) County Engineer.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">8.</td><td align="left">County Treasurer's Office. Used as Registry Office up to 1875.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">9.</td><td align="left">County Clerk.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">10.</td><td align="left">County Engineer.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">12-13.</span></td><td align="left">Sheriff.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left" style="vertical-align: top;">14.</td><td align="left">Telephone. 15. Janitor. 16. Jailer. 17. Jail Kitchen. Originally occupied as Jailer's residence and afterwards as County Clerk's and Jailer's Offices. The heaters are in basement under these rooms.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">The space occupied by lavatories and main stairway was formerly the Sheriff's office.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<h3>FIRST FLOOR.</h3>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Key to First Floor Plan" width="80%">
+<tr><td align="left">18.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">County Judge's Office.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">19.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Barristers.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">21.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Crown Counsel. Formerly County Judge's Office.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">22.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Law Library.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">23.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Lady Witnesses. Formerly Petit Jury.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">25.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">Court Room.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><a name="corr_15" id="corr_15"></a><ins class="mycorr" title="Original: 36.">26.</ins></td><td align="left" colspan="3">Witnesses. Formerly Crown Counsel room, afterwards law library.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">27.</td><td align="left" colspan="3">County Council Chamber, also used for small courts.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">28-29.</span></td><td align="left">Local Master.</td><td align="left" style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="5"><span style="font-size:700%;font-weight:lighter;">}</span></td><td align="left" rowspan="5">Originally occupied as Jailer's Residence, and afterwards as County Judge's Office.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">31.</td><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">Judges' Parlor.</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">32.</td><td align="left">Turnkeys.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">33.</td><td align="left">Petit Jury.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">34.</td><td align="left">Gaol Stores.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left" colspan="3">The space occupied by main stairway was formerly the county clerk's office and afterwards a witness room.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<h3>SECOND FLOOR.</h3>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Key to Second Floor Plan" width="80%">
+<tr><td align="left"><span class="nowrap">35-41.</span></td><td align="left">Janitor's apartments. 37 and 41 formerly Grand Jury Rooms.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">42-43.</td><td align="left">Witnesses. 42 was formerly occupied by Local Master and afterwards by County Police Magistrate.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left">45.</td><td align="left">Historical Society.</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left">The space occupied by main stairway was formerly a store room.</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/image021_a.jpg" width="600" height="383" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption smcap">Elgin County Court House<br />N. R. Darrach, Arch<sup>t.</sup>, S<sup>t.</sup>
+Thomas. Ont.<br />Ground Floor Plan</span>
+<br /><span style="font-size:smaller"><a href="images/image021_a_high.jpg">Click to view larger image.</a></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/image021_b.jpg" width="600" height="412" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption smcap">First Floor Plan</span>
+<br /><span style="font-size:smaller"><a href="images/image021_b_high.jpg">Click to view larger image.</a></span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/image022_a.jpg" width="600" height="421" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption smcap">County&middot; Building&middot; at&middot; St&middot; Thomas&middot; Ont.<br />
+N&middot; R&middot; Darrach&middot; &middot; &middot; Architect.</span>
+<br /><span style="font-size:smaller"><a href="images/image022_a_high.jpg">Click to view larger image.</a></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/image022_b.jpg" width="600" height="369" alt="" title="" />
+<span class="caption smcap">Second Floor Plan</span>
+<br /><span style="font-size:smaller"><a href="images/image022_b_high.jpg">Click to view larger image.</a></span>
+</div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>Members of Elgin County Council.</h2>
+
+<p class="center">1852.</p>
+
+<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Aldborough</span>&mdash;Duncan McColl.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Dunwich</span>&mdash;Moses Willey.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Southwold</span>&mdash;Colin Munro, Nicol McColl.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Yarmouth</span>&mdash;Elisha S. Ganson (Warden), Leslie Pierce.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Malahide</span>&mdash;Thomas Locker (Warden), Lewis J. Clarke.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">Bayham</span>&mdash;John Elliott, J. Skinner.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">South Dorchester</span>&mdash;Jacob Cline.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 1em;"><span class="smcap">St. Thomas</span>&mdash;David Parish.<br /></p>
+
+<p class="center">1898-1899.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 1</span>&mdash;(Aldborough) S. B. Morris, Daniel Lang (Warden 1898).</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 2</span>&mdash;(Dutton and Dunwich) A. J. Leitch, Edward McKellar.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 3</span>&mdash;(Port Stanley and Southwold) William Jackson, Donald Turner, 1898, Francis Hunt, 1899.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 4</span>&mdash;(Yarmouth) James H. Yarwood, Wm. B. Cole, 1898, Wm. O. Pollock, 1899.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 5</span>&mdash;(Aylmer, Vienna, Polling Sub-divisions 1 and 2 of Bayham, and Malahide, except Polling Sub-division 5) Oscar McKenney, (Warden, 1899) Richard Locker, 1898, Mahlon E. Lyon, 1899.</p>
+<p style="margin-left: 9em; text-indent:-8em;"><span class="smcap">District No. 6</span>&mdash;(Springfield, South Dorchester, Malahide (Division 5) and Bayham (except divisions 1 and 2)) David F. Moore, (Warden, 1900) Wm. M. Ford.</p>
+
+
+<div class="tnote" style="margin-top: 4em;">
+<h2>Transcriber's Note.</h2>
+
+
+<p>Illustrations have been moved to avoid breaks in paragraphs. Minor
+punctuation errors have been corrected without note. The single table of
+Statistics in the original has been reformatted into two separate tables
+for ease of reading, one for population and one for houses and schools.
+Corrections to typographical errors are highlighted <ins class="mycorr" title="Original: like tihs">like this</ins>; mouse over to see details. List of corrections:</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_10">5</a>&nbsp; 'east side of the river."'&mdash;closing quotation mark added.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_17">5</a>&nbsp; 'Tuesday, the 8th day of April, 1800.'&mdash;had '1900.'</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_16">6</a>&nbsp; 'tie girths, morticed and tenoned'&mdash;had 'tendoned.'</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_11">12</a> 'sessions of the County of Elgin opened'&mdash;had 'Couty.'</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_12">24</a> 'contended that he was or is faultless'&mdash;had 'fautless.'</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_13">24</a> 'Shall lead thee to the grave."'&mdash;closing quotation mark added.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_14">25</a> 'his plans interfered with, and all the'&mdash;had 'iterferred.'</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">P. <a href="#corr_15">28</a> '26. Witnesses. Formerly Crown Counsel room'&mdash;had '36.'</span><br />
+</p>
+
+<p>Unusual spellings of hybernated, Mississaga;
+inconsistent spellings of jail/jailer, gaol/gaoler; inconsistent hyphenation
+and capitalisation are as per the original.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. McKay
+
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+</body>
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+Project Gutenberg's The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. McKay
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Court Houses of a Century
+       A Brief Historical Sketch of the Court Houses of London
+       Distict, the County of Middlesex, and County of Elgin
+
+Author: Kenneth W. McKay
+
+Release Date: January 21, 2011 [EBook #35026]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE COURT HOUSES OF A CENTURY ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Louise Pattison and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The Court Houses
+
+--OF A--
+
+Century.
+
+1800-1900.
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: HOUSE OF LIEUT. JAMES MUNRO, ERECTED 1798, LOT 14, CON. 5,
+CHARLOTTEVILLE--USED AS COURT HOUSE, LONDON DISTRICT, 1800-1802.
+(_Reproduced by permission of the Ontario Historical Society and William
+Briggs, Publisher._)]
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The Court Houses
+
+--OF A--
+
+Century.
+
+A Brief Historical Sketch of the Court Houses of the London District,
+the County of Middlesex and County of Elgin.
+
+COMPILED BY
+KENNETH W. McKAY, COUNTY CLERK.
+
+PUBLISHED BY
+THE ELGIN COUNTY COUNCIL.
+
+With Introduction by James H. Coyne, B. A.
+
+THE TIMES PRINTING COMPANY OF ST. THOMAS, LIMITED.
+
+1901.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+                                                          PAGE.
+
+    1. Introduction. By J. H. Coyne, B. A.                   1
+
+    2. The Munro House, 1800-1802                            5
+
+    3. The Turkey Point Court House                          6
+
+    4. The Vittoria Court House, 1815-1826                   7
+
+    5. The London Court Houses, 1826-1853                    7
+
+    6. The Elgin Court Houses, 1853-1900                     9
+
+    7. Statistics--Population, Number of Houses, Etc.       27
+
+    8. Plan of Court House                                  28
+
+
+ILLUSTRATIONS.
+
+    1. Frontispiece. The Munro House
+
+    2. The London Court House                                8
+
+    3. Warden Locker, 1852-1855                             10
+
+    4. The Elgin Court House, 1860                          11
+
+    5. D. J. Hughes, Esq., County Judge, 1853               12
+
+    6. The Elgin Court House Before the Fire                13
+
+    7. Court Room after the Fire                            14
+
+    8. Wardens 1898-1899, Chairman Building Committee,
+       Architect and Contractor                             16
+
+    9. New Court House                                      17
+
+    10. D. J. Hughes, Esq., County Judge, 1899              18
+
+    11. Court Room                                          19
+
+    12. Library                                             20
+
+    13. County Council Chamber                              21
+
+    14. County Clerk's Office                               22
+
+    15. Stained Glass Window, Main Stairway                 23
+
+    16. Court House, East Side, showing Jail Entrance       24
+
+    17. Gaol Yard                                           25
+
+    18. A Gaol Ward                                         26
+
+    19. Plan of Building                                    28
+
+
+REFERENCES.
+
+    District and County Records.
+
+    Oxford Gazetteer, by Shenston.
+
+    U. E. L. Settlement at Long Point, by Tasker.
+
+
+
+
+_"In any age it is a duty which every country owes to itself, to
+preserve the records of the past and to honor the men and women whose
+lives and deeds made possible its present, and to-day when the whole
+civilized world is throbbing to social and political impulses of the
+greatest significance for the future, we ought especially to call to
+mind such lives and deeds and catch, if we can, inspiration for acting
+well the part that falls to each of us."_
+
+
+
+
+INTRODUCTION.
+
+
+THE PASSING CENTURY.
+
+
+The Wonderful Century is before the bar of history. Its record shows
+everywhere progress, consolidation, expansion, improvement. Civilization
+has spread, barbarism has given away. Labor has been restored to its
+honorable station, and idleness is accounted dishonor. Privilege has
+been curtailed, liberty has widened its borders. Slavery has almost
+disappeared from the earth. The beneficent forces are stronger. The
+comforts and conveniences of life are increased and more evenly
+distributed. Disease and pain have been brought under control.
+
+Life has been made more interesting. Travel is easier and cheaper, and
+mankind has become acquainted with the world it inhabits. The stars have
+been discovered. They have been weighed and analysed. The human mind has
+expanded with wider knowledge.
+
+The railway, electricity and the Postal Union have gone far to blend the
+nations into one. Every day, all round the globe, men read the same
+news, think the same thoughts, are thrilled with the same tidings of
+heroism or suffering. Human sympathy is broadened and deepened. Mankind
+is more homogeneous in spirit. Statecraft, literature, society, have
+become democratic and cosmopolitan.
+
+The spirit of union dominates the century. The forces of disunion and
+disintegration are everywhere routed. Mutual benevolence is organized
+for greater effectiveness. Universal education, equality of rights and
+responsibilities, are principles of government. Religion, emphasizing
+points of agreement and ignoring points of difference, manifests itself
+in its works as never before.
+
+The century spans the years from Copenhagen to Paardeburg, from Nelson
+and Napoleon to Roberts and Kruger. As the battle of Copenhagen
+established the naval supremacy of Britain, so Paardeburg welded the
+empire, one and inseparable. In 1800 the principle of a United Empire
+was represented by the Loyalists of Upper Canada standing almost alone.
+In 1900, borne by their descendants to the distant plains of South
+Africa, it reached its full fruition in the final charge by the
+Canadians under Otter, on the banks of the Modder River. The principle
+includes the realization of all that the century stands for--union,
+equal rights, progress, justice, humanity.
+
+It is my task to say a brief foreword on the progress of Canada and
+especially the county of Elgin. The beginning of the century found
+Ontario almost an unbroken wilderness. Rare and scanty were the
+clearings here and there along Lakes Erie and Ontario, and on the great
+rivers. The winter express from Detroit to York or Niagara, made its way
+along the lonely forest path. At long intervals only did he perceive the
+smoke rising in the crisp air, from the hospitable and welcome cabin.
+The frightened deer bounded across his path into the deeper woods. The
+bear hybernated in the hollow tree. The long howling of the wolves broke
+on the midnight air. The lynx and panther crouched among the branches,
+ready to spring on the unwary traveller. The only sign of human life was
+the Indian hunter following the trail of the turkey or wild beast.
+
+It was in the first year of the century that a young man of twenty-nine,
+giving up brilliant prospects in the army, and turning his back on
+society, found his way to the township of Yarmouth and began a clearing
+at or near Port Stanley. With royal dukes for his advocates, he applied
+to the Imperial authorities for a large grant of land to form a
+settlement. Two years later he succeeded. Yarmouth had been appropriated
+to others, and Colonel Thomas Talbot began his actual settlement in
+Dunwich. In the middle of the century, or more accurately in the year
+1853, he died. In the same year the separation of Elgin from Middlesex
+was completed, and Colonel Talbot's "capital," St. Thomas, was made the
+County Town.
+
+Nearly another half century has passed since then, and it includes the
+history of the County of Elgin as a separate municipality.
+
+The death of the eccentric founder of the settlement divides nearly
+equally the history of the county from the time when its only
+inhabitants were the bear, wolf and panther, to the end of the century,
+which finds the county well cleared and cultivated throughout its entire
+extent; intersected by splendid highways, including the lines of five
+railway companies; peopled with a numerous and enterprising community,
+God-fearing and law-abiding, industrious and prosperous. The thriving
+city of St. Thomas, the enterprising and flourishing town of Aylmer, and
+numerous promising villages, advancing with rapid strides in magnitude
+and importance, form centres of population, where a century ago the
+primeval silence was unbroken, save by the footfall of the Mississaga
+ranging the woods in pursuit of game.
+
+It was during the first decades of the century that the pioneers came.
+From them the present population is largely sprung. Dunwich was the
+first to be settled. A few immigrants from the Eastern States settled
+near Port Talbot. Then the overflow of settlement from Long Point made
+itself felt in Southwold, Yarmouth, Malahide and Bayham. Before 1820 the
+Highland settlements began in Aldborough and Dunwich. The wanderings of
+the Kildonan settlers from Hudson's Bay to Red River, and thence
+eastward to Upper Canada and southward, to the settlements on Lake Erie,
+add a tragic episode to the story of the pioneers of West Elgin. Their
+hardships, sufferings and heroism can never be forgotten. Much later
+came the settlement of South Dorchester.
+
+These were the men who felled the forest, let the sunlight into the
+wilderness, drained the swamps, cleared and fenced the bush, made the
+roads and bridged the fords, "drave out the beasts," and established
+schools and churches. They were the sifted grain of Canadian
+immigration. For the Colonel was determined to have none but the loyal,
+industrious and enterprising, and was discriminating in the choice of
+settlers for this County, among the numerous applicants for land.
+
+Such were the pioneers of Elgin. We inherit the fruits of their
+strenuous toil and struggle. It was they who, with dauntless courage and
+unfaltering determination, braved all hardships, the loneliness, the
+privations, the sufferings of pioneer life, that we might enjoy the
+harvest of their labors. They slept on the bare ground in the forest
+shanty, and hewed with mighty toil the log huts, that their sons might
+live in framed houses, and their grandchildren in houses of brick
+furnished with the appliances of modern civilization. They sowed and we
+reap.
+
+In the old churchyards at Tyrconnel, New Glasgow, St. Thomas, and
+elsewhere near the lake shore, they rest well after their labors. The
+mouldered headboards have given way to the marble slab or stately
+monument, that records their brief history--that they lived and died.
+Their true and imperishable monument is the manhood and womanhood of
+Elgin, the beautiful farms and homes, the noble institutions of religion
+and education. Their names will be forever honored among the founders of
+the Canadian nation, and after a thousand years men will be proud to
+count their descent from the pioneers of Elgin.
+
+The public buildings of a community are a fair index of the character of
+the people. In this view, the completion of the new Court House is an
+event, and its evolution, as recorded in this volume, is a study of
+historical and sociological value.
+
+The new building is admirably adapted to the purposes for which it is
+intended. It is up-to-date in every particular. Visitors from other
+parts pronounce it, as its predecessor was pronounced when first
+erected, one of the handsomest and most commodious public buildings in
+the Province. The architect and contractors have done their part well;
+but the credit is mainly and beyond all due to the public spirit of the
+people of Elgin, who were resolved that nothing short of best would
+satisfy them, and who were willing to be taxed to a reasonable extent
+upon the sole condition that the building should be well and honestly
+built, be a credit to the county and answer its purpose.
+
+Doubtless before another century rolls round, the increase of population
+and wealth may call for an enlarged building, but it is certain that no
+changes in architectural science will produce one that will better
+reflect the intelligence and enterprise, the wealth and the culture of
+the people, than the beautiful and commodious structure, which is to-day
+the pride and the boast of the citizens of this county.
+
+    JAMES H. COYNE.
+
+
+
+
+The Court Houses of a Century.
+
+
+The History of the Court Houses of Ontario is closely associated with
+the development of the Province. The first recognition of population in
+South Western Ontario was the formation in 1788, of the District of
+Hesse and the appointment of Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, and
+other officials.
+
+The only inhabitants were in the French settlements around Detroit,
+where the barracks and Government House were located. In 1792 Upper
+Canada, now Ontario, was divided into nineteen Counties, Norfolk,
+Suffolk, Essex and Kent occupying nearly the same territory as the
+District of Hesse. Representatives to the Provincial Parliament were
+elected and, at the first session convened at Niagara in September,
+1792, an Act was passed for building a Gaol and Court House in every
+district, and for altering the names of the districts. Hesse was
+hereafter called the Western District, and the Court House and Gaol was
+ordered to be built at Detroit. The Courts were held there until the
+evacuation of Detroit by the British in 1795, after which they were held
+in the Parish of Assumption, now Sandwich. D. W. Smith, in his Gazetteer
+of 1799, states: "That there is a good Gaol and Court House," in
+Sandwich, "situated a little below the fort of Detroit, on the east side
+of the river."
+
+
+
+
+The Munro House, 1800-1802.
+
+
+The U. E. Loyalists settlement of Norfolk commenced in 1793, and in 1798
+the rapid increase in population was recognized by a division of the
+Western District and the formation of three Counties, Norfolk, Oxford
+and Middlesex to be known as the London District. This was organized by
+the appointment of a general commission of the peace and the necessary
+officials. The first meeting of the resident Magistrates was held in the
+house of Lieutenant James Munro, of Charlotteville, on 1st April, 1800,
+for the purpose of carrying the Commission into execution, and the first
+General Quarter Sessions of the Peace for the District was ordered to be
+holden at the same place on Tuesday, the 8th day of April, 1800.
+
+The Munro House above referred to, was built in 1796, on lot 14 in the
+5th concession of Charlotteville. It was the best house which had been
+erected up to that time, and stands to-day as an old land mark, about a
+half mile back from the road running straight west from Vittoria. It is
+a two story frame house of considerable size. The frame was made of hewn
+timber, with bents four feet apart, strengthened by tie girths, morticed
+and tendoned--a marvel of axeman's skill. The planks for the floor and
+sheeting were cut out by the whip saw. The original roof is on the
+building at the present time. The shingles are of cedar, rudely whittled
+by the draw knife, and show in places an original thickness of over an
+inch.
+
+A temporary jail was erected near the house, a log building fourteen
+feet by twenty-five feet, divided into two rooms--one for the debtors
+and the other for those charged with criminal offences. This building
+was erected during the winter of 1800 by day labor, and was used for
+nearly a year. The courts were held here until 1802, when they were
+removed to Turkey Point or Fort Norfolk under the authority of an Act
+passed in the year 1801.
+
+
+
+
+Turkey Point, 1802-1812.
+
+
+The Courts at Turkey Point were first held in the public house of Job
+Loder. In 1803 the contract for a court house was awarded. It was to be
+a frame building forty feet in length by twenty-six feet in width, to be
+two stories high, the first or lower story to be ten feet between floor
+and ceiling, and the second or upper story to be eight feet high. The
+original specifications were as follows: "The building to be erected on
+a foundation of white oak timber squared, the same to be sound and of
+sufficient thickness, the building to be shingled and to have two
+sufficient floors, an entry eight feet wide to be made from the front
+door across one end of the lower story, from which winding stairs are to
+be erected to ascend to the second story; two rooms are to be
+partitioned off in the second or upper story for juries. Nine windows
+are to be made in front and ten in rear, of twenty-four lights each,
+seven by three. The front door to be made of inch and a half plank, six
+panel, and to have a good sufficient lock and key. Two windows are to be
+finished in the first story opposite each other, so as to afford
+sufficient light to the bar, besides two windows of fifteen lights each
+behind the Judge or Chairman's seat. The rest of the windows are to be
+cased and nailed up for the present. The Bar, table, Justices' seat,
+benches for the bar and a table for each jury room, and benches for the
+same are to be finished; the three inside doors to be temporary; a seat
+and writing table for Clerk, to be made between the bench and the bar.
+Note--The house to be raised, shingled, weather-boarded and floored,
+and the bench for the Judge and Justices, Judge or Chairman's writing
+desk, Clerk's seat and table, the bar and table and benches therefor,
+the four windows below and two above to be finished, the rest of the
+windows cased and nailed up. The front door to be finished, and the
+other three temporary doors to be made and hung. Comprehends the present
+contract proposed by the court to be performed by the next assizes for
+this district."
+
+Courts were held in this building commencing in the year 1804 until it
+was appropriated for the use of prisoners during the war of 1812.
+
+
+
+
+The Vittoria Court House, 1815-1826.
+
+
+In 1815 an act was passed which provided that the courts of general
+quarter sessions for the district of London should be held at
+Charlotteville. The Magistrates were ordered to make a choice of the
+most convenient place, and a meeting was accordingly held at the house
+of Thomas Finch on the 13th June, 1815. John Backhouse, Thomas Talbot
+and Robert Finch were appointed Commissioners to superintend the
+building, and a brick court house and gaol was erected at Vittoria at an
+expense of L9,000. During the erection of the building, courts were held
+in the houses of Thomas Finch, Francis Beaupre and Mathias Steel. The
+first meeting of the sessions was held in the new court house on 8th
+April, 1817, and it was used until 1826, when it was partially destroyed
+by fire.
+
+
+
+
+The London Court Houses, 1826-1853.
+
+
+An Act was then passed to establish a District town in a more central
+place, and courts were ordered to be held in some part of the
+reservation made for the site of a town near the forks of the River
+Thames. This was at London where four acres were set apart for the
+purposes of the jail and court house. The commissioners appointed for
+the purpose of erecting the building, Thomas Talbot, Mahlon Burwell,
+James Hamilton, Charles Ingersoll and John Matthews, held their first
+meeting in St. Thomas. During the erection of the court house at London,
+courts were held in a private house at Vittoria, and afterwards at St.
+Thomas. Dr. C. Hodgins, in his History of Education of Upper Canada,
+states that on one occasion the Court of King's Bench, with Judge
+Sherwood presiding and the late Sir John Beverley Robinson in attendance
+as King's Attorney, was held in an upper room of a building used by Mr.
+Stephen Randal as a grammar school. This building was afterwards
+removed to the school lot near the present residence of Judge
+Ermatinger, and was known as the "Talbot Seminary."
+
+[Illustration: THE LONDON COURT HOUSE.
+
+_From "Illustrated London," copyrighted. By permission London Printing
+and Lithographing Co. (Limited.)_]
+
+The first court house in London was constructed of flat logs, and on the
+ground floor was a log partition to separate the jail from the jailer's
+room. The court room above was reached by stairs outside. This was
+followed by the erection of a two story frame building upon the same
+square where the present court house stands, but closer to the street.
+In one end of the first floor were placed two cells, which were rendered
+more secure by being surrounded with logs, from which the building
+acquired the distinctive title of "The Old Log Court House." Courts were
+first held there in 1828.
+
+In 1838 a new jail was proposed, and in the years 1843 and 1844 the
+present jail and court house in London was completed at a cost of
+L8,500. The latter resembles the castle of Malahide near Dublin, the
+birth place of Col. Talbot.
+
+
+
+
+The Elgin Court House, 1853-1898.
+
+
+The County of Elgin was established by an Act of the Legislature passed
+in August, 1851, and formed a union with Middlesex until County
+Buildings were erected. The provisional County Council held its first
+meeting in the Town Hall, St. Thomas, on April 15th, 1852. The first
+business was to erect a jail and Court House. Offers of building sites
+were received from Messrs. Curtis and Lawrence and Benjamin Drake. The
+Curtis sites were north of Talbot Street and West of East Street. The
+Lawrence site, two acres, included the lot on which the Post Office now
+stands. The Drake site appears to have been considered suitable before
+the county was formed as a deed from Benjamin Drake to Queen Victoria,
+dated the 25th of October, 1848, and registered the 30th of October,
+1851, conveys the Jail and Court House Block to Her Majesty for public
+buildings for county and district purposes only. A resolution of the
+County Council shows that the final acceptance of this site depended on
+obtaining water at fifteen feet, failing this a new site was to be
+chosen. The location for the building on lot selected was next
+considered.
+
+Petitions to front the buildings on Stanley Street were presented, but
+they were ordered to face north so as to stand parallel with the Talbot
+Road in front of Queen Street.
+
+Plans were received from architects Thomas and Tully, of Toronto, and
+John Turner of Brantford.
+
+The plans submitted by Mr. Turner were the same as for the Court House
+at Brantford, which he was building. These were adopted with some
+changes suggested by other plans before the council.
+
+The contract was awarded to Garner Ellwood for L4,580, on the 19th June,
+1852. The jail, jailor's house, etc., to be completed by the 15th
+September following, and the Court House on the 1st August, 1853.
+
+The Building Committee consisted of the whole council, of which Messrs.
+Clark and Locker of Malahide, Ganson of Yarmouth, Skinner of Bayham,
+Munro of Southwold and Parish of St. Thomas, were the most active.
+Thomas Cheeseman was the architect's superintendent in charge of the
+work.
+
+[Illustration: WARDEN LOCKER, 1852-1855]
+
+The jail was not completed until the spring of 1853, and on the 23rd of
+March Mr. Ellwood gave up the contract, L2,764 having been expended. The
+Warden was then authorized to proceed with the work which, with the
+exception of minor contracts, was completed by day labor, with Thomas
+Fraser, builder, of London, as superintendent. The Gaol as at first
+erected was not satisfactory, the plan being defective. This increased
+the cost and when the buildings were completed and furnished in 1854,
+the total expenditure was L11,405. Mr. Ellwood in tendering for the
+buildings was guided by the figures supplied by Architect Turner who was
+then erecting a court house at Brantford. In a subsequent report to the
+council Mr. Turner states that in the erection of the Brantford building
+he ruined himself, and that he could not have erected the Elgin
+buildings at a less price than they cost the county.
+
+A Special Committee reported on completion of the work: "That after
+taking into consideration the advance in price of material and
+labor--that the buildings have been erected in as judicious and
+economical a manner as the circumstances would admit, and that the
+beautiful workmanship and design is not surpassed by any building in
+Canada west."
+
+[Illustration: THE ELGIN COURTHOUSE, 1860.]
+
+The Royal Arms Rampant, which is very much admired, on the front of the
+Court House, is in size twelve feet by six feet, and cost L93. They were
+supplied by Messrs. Cochranes and Pollock of Toronto, from a sketch
+drawn by Mr. John M. Walthew who also painted the picture placed in the
+court room, the beauty of which the council acknowledged by special
+resolution in January 1855. Sculptured faces were placed in the east and
+west gables of the building. That in the west resembles Lord Elgin,
+after whom the county was named, and the other may be architect Turner
+but at present no one seems to know definitely who they were intended to
+represent.
+
+In 1853 the Town Hall of the Village of St. Thomas was secured for court
+purposes on condition that any fittings, etc., required were to be
+supplied by the County, and left in the building when court house was
+completed. Plans of the new buildings and of the town hall were
+submitted to the statutory commissioners, and approved of as suitable
+for court purposes. On the 30th of September, 1852, a proclamation was
+published in the Official Gazette, dissolving the union of Elgin and
+Middlesex.
+
+[Illustration: D. J. HUGHES, ESQ., COUNTY JUDGE, 1853.]
+
+The Officers appointed were:
+
+    Judge, David John Hughes.
+    Sheriff, Colin Munro.
+    Registrar, John McKay.
+    Clerk of Peace, James Farley.
+    Clerk of the Court, Peter Murtagh.
+    Jailor, John King.
+    County Clerk. William McKay.
+    County Treasurer, William Coyne.
+    County Engineer, Charles Fraser.
+
+During November, 1853, the offices of the Sheriff, Clerk of the Peace
+and Clerk of the County Court were located in one room in the apartments
+erected for the Jailor.
+
+On the 15th of November, 1853, the first court of quarter sessions of
+the County of Elgin opened at St. Thomas in the Town Hall, David John
+Hughes, County Judge, presiding. In opening the court, the Judge
+delivered the following address to the Grand Jury:
+
+    GENTLEMEN OF THE GRAND JURY.----
+
+"It is usual for the presiding Justice at our criminal courts to address
+to grand inquests, remarks upon the duties which have to be discharged
+by them. This being the first time we have met together in our relative
+capacities, I think the occasion a becoming one for congratulating you
+and the inhabitants of this fine county in general, in being now
+separated from the senior county for the transaction of all the
+judicial, municipal and other business of our inhabitants.
+
+[Illustration: THE ELGIN COURT HOUSE BEFORE THE FIRE.]
+
+Anyone who has lived in what was the London district for twenty years,
+and who will look back upon the time when, with little better than a
+mere track to guide or assist them, most of the settlers were obliged to
+travel the primeval forests to distances of fifty or sixty miles to
+attend courts, and for other purposes in the way of business, and who
+now have public offices almost brought within reach of their own doors,
+cannot but feel thankful that a gracious Providence has favored the
+country and its inhabitants with such prosperity--a prosperity which is
+still on the increase, at a rate surpassing the expectations of the most
+sanguine.
+
+If we look beyond the limits of our own county and view the Province at
+large, we see progress and prosperity, peace, contentment and general
+happiness surrounding us. We find the minds of the people progressing
+too, for with a bountiful provision for schools and a well ordered
+system, the rising generation are enabled, and doubtless will keep pace
+with their monetary prosperity.
+
+The encouragement that agriculture has met with in an increased demand
+for the staple produce of the county, and remunerative prices will call
+for an improved system of tilling the fields. The encouragement given to
+manufactures by the increased consumption, justifies enterprise in an
+increase of fabrics; and all these call forth the necessary supply of
+improved and cultivated minds--so that enquiry is awakened, and the
+benefit of our schools and colleges is every year becoming more and more
+appreciated and will be so much better attended and encouraged, that
+they will themselves improve in their standard and tone, so that Canada
+in one or two generations will equal, if not successfully rival, parts
+of the world which are now considered amongst the freest and most
+contented.
+
+[Illustration: COURT ROOM AFTER THE FIRE.]
+
+We enjoy a liberty in our civil and religious affairs which admits not
+only of a freedom of thought, but action. We can watch our very rulers,
+and have the means in our hands of curbing usurpation of power or
+infringements of rights by the privilege we can exercise of approving or
+disapproving of the advisers of the crown. We can worship the Almighty
+in our own way; no one venturing to disturb or make us afraid. We can
+educate our children almost entirely at the public expense, and place
+them within reach of the highest honors that their talents entitle them
+to, or that the country can bestow. The time has gone by for those
+honors to belong only to a class; or when promising aspirants can be
+successfully frowned upon by those who fancy that they hold a
+prescriptive right to them; and the time has arrived for men not to be
+judged by the occupations they are day by day employed in, but by the
+integrity of their purposes, the cultivation of their minds, the
+uprightness of their characters, and their successfulness in
+accomplishing some good for themselves and their fellow-men.
+
+In entering upon the duties of the office I fill, I must confess my
+misgivings as to the ability to discharge them aright. They are onerous,
+responsible, and will be at times arduous and disagreeable. I depend
+upon the forbearance of those with whom I shall be brought in contact,
+and claim their assistance and advice when necessity shall suggest it. I
+desire to see the great body of the people, whose business or affairs
+shall be brought under my judicial notice, satisfied that justice and
+right are aimed at, however, I may fall short in administering them, and
+in my magisterial capacity I rely upon the aid of my brother magistrates
+to further these motives; for I doubt not that by mutually according to
+one another, integrity of purpose, (as I shall at times desire to
+attribute to them) we shall be able to accomplish much good in the way
+of checking vice and setting a good example to the several neighborhoods
+we respectively inhabit.
+
+The County Buildings are not yet quite completed, but I am informed that
+before the next sessions, the Court may be held in them; and when
+finished I am satisfied they will not be surpassed in beauty,
+convenience and comfort by any in the Province."
+
+The first Court of Quarter Sessions was held in the Court House, on the
+5th of January, 1854, and on the 11th of April, in the same year, Hon.
+Justice Draper opened the first Court of Assize. Col. John Prince,
+Q. C., one of the lawyers in attendance at this Court, complimented the
+County on the magnificence of the Court House, which, he said, was
+unsurpassed by any Court House in the Province.
+
+On June 7th, 1854, all of the offices in the Court House were occupied,
+and the building completed, with the exception of some painting and the
+erection of the Royal Arms.
+
+The County Buildings remained the same until the gaol was rebuilt, and
+wall erected in 1872. This was followed by a new Registry Office in
+1874, and a Gaoler's residence in 1889-1891. On the 1st of July, 1898, a
+fire occurred at midnight, destroying the roof and upper portion of the
+Court House, the whole building being damaged by water.
+
+[Illustration: DANIEL LANG. Warden, 1898.]
+
+[Illustration: OSCAR McKENNEY. Warden, 1898.]
+
+[Illustration: ARCHIBALD J. LEITCH. Chairman Building Committee.
+1898-1899.]
+
+[Illustration: NEIL R. DARRACH. Architect.]
+
+[Illustration: ROBERT CARROLL. Contractor.]
+
+
+
+
+The Elgin Court House, 1898-1900.
+
+
+[Illustration: THE NEW COURT HOUSE.]
+
+The first meeting of the County Council, after the burning of the Court
+House, was held in the Grand Central Hotel, St. Thomas, on July 8th. The
+Insurance appraisers' award fixing the amount of damage at $5,509, was
+then presented. Mr. J. M. Green, contractor, was valuator on behalf of
+the County. The County officials were consulted in reference to
+temporary accommodation, and the Clerk was authorized to rent offices
+from Mr. Charles Spohn, on the south-west corner of William and Talbot
+streets. A special Building Committee was appointed, with power to
+employ an architect, visit other Court Houses, to have plans prepared,
+and report. The committee, consisting of Messrs. A. J. Leitch, S. B.
+Morris, D. Turner, R. Locker, D. F. Moore. W. B. Cole and Warden Lang,
+accompanied by N. R. Darrach, architect, and J. A. Bell, County
+Engineer, proceeded to Brantford, to examine the county buildings, which
+had recently been enlarged. Instructions were given to prepare plans to
+include enlargement of building and re-modelling Jail and Jailer's
+residence and kitchen. The County Council met on the 27th of July, to
+receive report presented by Architect Darrach, who estimated the cost of
+plans submitted at about $33,000. Opposition was offered by some members
+of the Council, who were desirous of limiting the cost of building to
+$20,000, but the architect's plans were adopted. A by-law was passed
+appointing a special building committee, and authorizing the Warden to
+sign contracts. The architect's fee was fixed at $1,200 for the whole
+work. Tenders were received, and as all of them exceeded the
+architect's estimate, a special meeting of the Council was called for
+the 8th of September, to consider the matter. At this session the
+building committee reported in favor of the adoption of the following
+tenders:
+
+  J. H. McKnight & Co., Toronto, for the whole work, with the
+  exception of the electric wiring, iron work and plumbing.   $33,990 00
+
+  R. A. L. Grey, Toronto, electric wiring                         346 00
+
+  Stacey & Co., St. Thomas, iron work                           1,231 42
+
+  C. T. Bull, St. Thomas, plumbing                              1,047 00
+
+[Illustration: D. J. HUGHES, ESQ., COUNTY JUDGE, 1899.]
+
+This report was adopted and contracts signed by all with the exception
+of Mr. Bull. Mr. A. J. Leitch, Chairman of the Building Committee, was
+appointed to inspect the work as it progressed, and issue orders for
+payment in accordance with the architect's estimates. Tenders for
+heating and plumbing were received in January, 1899, and contracts
+awarded--the heating to Joseph Harrison for $3,146, and the plumbing to
+Keith & Fitzsimmons, Toronto, for $1,125. The Building Committee next
+considered the question of furnishing, and for the purpose of securing
+information, visited the court houses in Stratford and Woodstock, and in
+March, 1899, tenders were received and the following contracts awarded:
+
+  J. Acheson, St. Thomas, hardware                            $400 00
+
+  McDonald & Wilson, Toronto, gas fixtures                     645 00
+
+  The Preston Office & School Furniture Company,
+        for special work                                     2,995 00
+       And for furniture, desks, etc                           556 80
+
+  The Office Specialty Company, Toronto, for
+       letter press, stands, vault fittings, etc               892 50
+
+[Illustration: COURT ROOM.]
+
+Carpets and window blinds were procured from J. B. Kay, Son & Co.,
+Toronto, and rubber matting for the stairs from the Gutta Percha &
+Rubber Co., two clocks for the court room and council chamber, from W.
+R. Jackson. Stained glass windows with appropriate designs were ordered
+from N. T. Lyons, Toronto, for the main stairway, one contains a picture
+of the old and new buildings; the other, the names of the County Council
+for the years 1898 and 1899. Stone walks around the building and through
+the grounds were put down by the Silica Barytic Stone Company, of
+Ingersoll, at the cost of $579.02. The work of grading the grounds was
+completed under superintendence of W. Irving.
+
+
+OPENING PROCEEDINGS.
+
+The Court House was formally opened on Wednesday, the 13th day of
+December, 1899, the occasion being the first day of the Court of
+General Sessions of the Peace, and of the County Court.
+
+The proceedings commenced at 2.40 p. m. Judge Hughes presided, and on
+his right was Junior Judge Ermatinger, and on his left Sheriff Brown.
+
+Judge Hughes explained that he had invited Rev. Canon Hill and
+Vicar-General Bayard to be present, to assist in the opening
+proceedings, but they had other engagements and could not attend. There
+were present Revs. D. R. Drummond, Prof. T. L. Fowler, of the Disciples
+College, and Rev. R. I. Warner, principal of Alma College.
+
+[Illustration: LIBRARY.]
+
+Rev. D. R. Drummond opened the proceedings with prayer, Rev. Prof.
+Fowler read the scriptures, and Rev. Prof. Warner led in prayer.
+
+Mr. Oscar McKenney, Warden of Elgin County, read the following address
+to Judge Hughes, on behalf of the County Council:
+
+"Before proceeding with the business of the County Court and General
+Sessions of the Peace, the County Council desire to congratulate your
+Honor on your good health and physical and mental vigor, which is
+remarkable when we consider that you have occupied your present position
+for over forty-six years. You had the honor of presiding at the first
+court held in the old buildings in 1854, and have since done much to
+assist in the development of the county. You have witnessed many changes
+and can refer to many pleasant experiences which are the accompaniment
+of a long and useful life. The Court House which we hereby formally hand
+over to you for Court purposes, is representative of our idea of the
+advancement made by a wealthy and prosperous community during the past
+half a century.
+
+We hope you may enjoy continued good health, and that the remainder of
+your life may be pleasant and a restful recompense for many busy years.
+
+The members of the Council will make a few remarks as they feel it is
+difficult in a brief address to refer to all the circumstances that have
+brought us together to-day."
+
+[Illustration: COUNTY COUNCIL CHAMBER.]
+
+[Illustration: COUNTY CLERK'S OFFICE.]
+
+Councillor Frank Hunt delivered the oration of the day on behalf of the
+County Council. He spoke as follows:
+
+"This is an important occasion. Important because it makes a page in the
+history of the county. It establishes a milestone marking the progress
+of a people who first planted civilization in this county a century ago.
+The burning of the old Court House necessitated the building of a new
+one, and this gave the present council the opportunity to erect a
+building characteristic of the people, and of the arts and sciences of
+this particular period. The old court house was emblematic of the
+pioneers of this county. It exhibited wisdom, strength and beauty. As
+much as I admire the new structure I am glad the front of the old court
+house is preserved, and will hand down to future ages in its Grecian
+columns and pilasters, the artistic taste of the pioneers who could
+spare from the rewards of unceasing toil money to erect a court house
+that bore the impress of the best art of their time. The excellence and
+thoroughness of the structure attest the true worth and integrity of the
+pioneers of the County of Elgin. I cannot but think, when considering
+the population and wealth of the county fifty years ago with that of
+to-day, that in the erection of the new court house we have spent less
+for artistic effect than did the pioneers. Modern requirements for the
+comforts of those attending courts, or on official business, entailed a
+large expense, which was not considered in the erection of buildings
+fifty years ago. The provision made for women during a forced attendance
+at court shows how far we have advanced on one particular line. It is a
+grand building of the utilitarian type, and erected on such lines that
+great beauty may be discovered by a casual glance. I want to say a word
+in praise of the architect who designed the building and supervised its
+erection to the satisfaction of the Building Committee. The epitaph in
+St. Paul's Cathedral says: "If you would know the genius of Christopher
+Wren, look around you." I will say, also, and it is all that is
+necessary, if you would know the genius of Mr. Darrach, look around you
+and see that he is master of his art.
+
+    New occasions teach new duties,
+      Time makes ancient good uncouth,
+    We must upward still and onward,
+      Who would reach the realms of truth.
+
+[Illustration: Art, national or individual, is the result of a long
+course of previous life and training; a necessary result, if that life
+has been loyal, and an impossible one, if it has been base.--_Ruskin._
+
+WINDOW, MAIN STAIRWAY.
+
+In its important examples, all municipal art should be at once a
+decoration and a commemoration--it must beautify and should celebrate;
+thus becoming a double stimulus, first to the aesthetic sense, second to
+the sense of patriotism.--_Blashfield._]
+
+I cannot close without reference to His Honor Judge Hughes and his long
+judicial career in the County of Elgin. He opened the old court house
+forty-six years ago; he has been spared to open the new. In the first
+courts he grasped by the hand the men who planted civilization on the
+shores of Lake Erie. He has lived to grasp by the hand their children
+and grand-children. He came here in his early years, a type of that
+manhood which comes from the chisel of Pericles, and the great masters
+of the Grecian school. He has seen the county a wilderness, he now sees
+it populous and wealthy, inhabited by a people educated, industrious; a
+people who love God and keep his commandments.
+
+[Illustration: COURT HOUSE, EAST SIDE, SHOWING GAOL ENTRANCE.]
+
+He has left his impress on his county and its people, and can it not be
+said that it has been for the good of society, for the happiness and
+advancement of the people? His legal knowledge, and his great ability is
+known throughout the Province. His untiring industry has been
+proverbial. He has administered the law with fairness, and tempered
+justice with mercy. It is not contended that he was or is
+faultless.
+
+    Who thinketh a faultless man to see?
+      Thinks what ne'er was and ne'er shall be.
+
+It is the desire of the council that his learning and great abilities
+may long be spared to his fellow-citizens, and that
+
+    An old age serene and bright,
+      Lovely as a Lapland night,
+    Shall lead thee to the grave."
+
+County Councillor J. H. Yarwood voiced the sentiments of Mr. Hunt, and
+extended the congratulations of the county to the Judge for the manner
+in which he had administered the affairs of the county, and hoped he
+would be spared for many years.
+
+County Councillors S. B. Morris, W. O. Pollock, D. Lang, W. M. Ford, E.
+McKellar, Mahlon Lyon, D. Moore and A. J. Leitch also delivered
+addresses of congratulation.
+
+[Illustration: GAOL YARD.]
+
+Judge Hughes thanked the County Council for the privilege of opening the
+new Court House. The county building was a testimonial to the
+advancement of the county council. He had to acknowledge with thanks the
+many kind things said of him personally, and of the way he had
+administered justice in the county. The building is an index, not only
+of enterprise and good taste, but also of conception for the convenience
+of those who had to attend the county buildings to do business. The
+mistake with the old building was that Architect Turner had his plans
+interfered with, and all the rooms, except the court room, were but half
+the size intended. He concurred in all that had been said of the
+architect. The contractors, too, had performed their work well. The
+court house was a manifestation of the progress of municipal
+institutions. He had found the county council always ready to encourage
+education and grammar schools, and this building was a monument to their
+honor.
+
+The county court was then opened by Court Crier Hopkins, when Mr. John
+Crawford, of Aylmer, on behalf of the bar of Elgin, extended to Judge
+Hughes their congratulations upon the long term he had served on the
+bench, and upon his distinguished services during that time. The members
+of the bar were in hearty sympathy with and heartily endorsed the
+remarks made by the members of the county council. The members of the
+bar hoped the Judge might be long spared to occupy the high position
+which he did.
+
+Judge Hughes said he could only express his high appreciation of the
+kind things said of him. It was an honor for a man to act as judge where
+there was such a bar as in the county of Elgin. He concluded by thanking
+Mr. Crawford and the other members for their kind remarks.
+
+[Illustration: F. HUNT, J. P., HOLDING COURT IN A GAOL WARD, AFTER THE
+FIRE.]
+
+In the evening the judge entertained the members of the bar and the
+municipal and judicial officers of the county of Elgin at a banquet in
+honor of the occasion of the re-opening of the court house and the 46th
+anniversary of his appointment. This was held at the Grand Central
+Hotel.
+
+All the work connected with the court house improvements was completed
+in the spring of 1900. The final report of the Building Committee was
+not, however presented until the 23rd of November. The total cost was
+$50,954.72, and of this amount the city of St. Thomas contributed
+$12,178.17.
+
+The excellent service rendered to the county by architect Darrach was
+recognized by the presentation of an address, suitably engrossed,
+expressing the councils appreciation of his efforts. The report also
+directed attention to the satisfactory manner in which Messrs. McKnight
+& Co., the principal contractors, who were represented by the senior
+member of the firm, Mr. R. Carroll, had completed their work. After the
+adoption of the report a resolution was passed tendering the thanks of
+the council to A. J. Leitch, Esq., for his services as Chairman of the
+Building Committee.
+
+
+
+
+_STATISTICS._
+
+
+  COUNTY       ||               POPULATION.                      |
+  OF ELGIN.    || 1817 | 1841 | 1851 | 1861 | 1871 | 1881 | 1891 |
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
+  ALDBOROUGH   ||   400|   733| 1,226| 2,325| 3,500| 4,718| 5,299|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  BAYHAM       ||      | 2,108| 5,092| 5,141| 4,895| 4,689| 3,856|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  DUNWICH      ||   500|   633| 1,948| 2,888| 3,731| 4,290| 3,663|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  DORCHESTER   ||      |   635| 1,477| 2,204| 2,071| 1,844| 1,624|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  MALAHIDE     ||   775| 2,218| 4,050| 5,320| 5,554| 4,415| 3,851|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  SOUTHWOLD    ||   900| 2,563| 5,063| 5,467| 5,559| 5,206| 4,766|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  YARMOUTH     ||   400| 3,664| 5,288| 6,166| 5,563| 5,575| 5,471|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  ST. THOMAS   ||      |      | 1,274| 1,631| 2,197| 8,367|10,370|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  VIENNA       ||      |      |      |      |   590|   528|   398|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  PORT STANLEY ||      |      |      |      |      |   674|   616|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  AYLMER       ||      |      |      |      |      | 1,540| 2,167|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  SPRINGFIELD  ||      |      |      |      |      |   555|   463|
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
+  DUTTON       ||      |      |      |      |      |      |   838|
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
+     TOTALS    ||2,975 |12,554|25,418|31,142|33,660|42,401|43,382|
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+
+
+  COUNTY       ||        NUMBER OF HOUSES.                       |Schools.|
+  OF ELGIN.    || 1817 | 1841 | 1851 | 1861 | 1871 | 1881 | 1891 | 1817   |
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+--------+
+  ALDBOROUGH   ||    90|    13|   189|   311|   630|   880| 1,064|     1  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  BAYHAM       ||    60|   133|   732|   887|   955|   978|   882|     2  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  DUNWICH      ||   100|    45|   316|   450|   673|   820|   744|     1  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  DORCHESTER   ||      |    10|   238|   345|   378|   423|   341|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  MALAHIDE     ||   150|   125|   692|   726| 1,104|   956|   887|     2  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  SOUTHWOLD    ||   180|   175|   800|   579|   993|   998|   973|     3  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  YARMOUTH     ||    75|   299|   881| 1,128| 1,067| 1,161| 1,150|     2  |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  ST. THOMAS   ||      |      |   226|   390|   417| 1,634| 2,205|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  VIENNA       ||      |      |      |      |   103|   105|    99|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  PORT STANLEY ||      |      |      |      |      |   139|   128|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  AYLMER       ||      |      |      |      |      |   330|   521|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  SPRINGFIELD  ||      |      |      |      |      |   130|   123|        |
+               ||      |      |      |      |      |      |      |        |
+  DUTTON       ||      |      |      |      |      |      |   167|        |
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+--------+
+     TOTALS    ||   655|   800| 4,074| 4,816| 6,320| 8,554| 9,284|    11  |
+  -------------++------+------+------+------+------+------+------+--------+
+
+The statistics of 1817 are taken from Robt. Gourlay's Book. For other
+years official census reports were referred to.
+
+
+
+
+Plan of the Court House.
+
+
+GROUND FLOOR.
+
+  NO.                    BY WHOM OCCUPIED.
+
+  1-2.   County Attorney and Clerk of the Peace.
+
+  3-4-5. County Court Clerk. The Vault was formerly used as an office by
+           County Court Clerk and Junior Judge.
+
+  6.     Inspector of Public Schools. Formerly occupied with vault
+           adjoining by Clerk of the Peace.
+
+  7.     Junior Judge's Office. Formerly Occupied: (1) County
+           Treasurer's Office. (2) Law Library. (3) Jailer. (4)
+           County Engineer.
+
+  8.     County Treasurer's Office. Used as Registry Office up to 1875.
+
+  9.     County Clerk.
+
+  10.    County Engineer.
+
+  12-13. Sheriff.
+
+  14.    Telephone. 15. Janitor. 16. Jailer. 17. Jail Kitchen.
+           Originally occupied as Jailer's residence and afterwards as
+           County Clerk's and Jailer's Offices. The heaters are in
+           basement under these rooms.
+
+         The space occupied by lavatories and main stairway was formerly
+           the Sheriff's office.
+
+
+FIRST FLOOR.
+
+  18.    County Judge's Office.
+
+  19.    Barristers.
+
+  21.    Crown Counsel. Formerly County Judge's Office.
+
+  22.    Law Library.
+
+  23.    Lady Witnesses. Formerly Petit Jury.
+
+  25.    Court Room.
+
+  26.    Witnesses. Formerly Crown Counsel room, afterwards law library.
+
+  27.    County Council Chamber, also used for small courts.
+
+  28-29. Local Master.   }
+                         }
+  31.    Judges' Parlor. }
+                         }
+  32.    Turnkeys.       } Originally occupied as Jailer's Residence,
+                         }   and afterwards as County Judge's Office.
+  33.    Petit Jury.     }
+                         }
+  34.    Gaol Stores.    }
+
+         The space occupied by main stairway was formerly the county
+           clerk's office and afterwards a witness room.
+
+
+SECOND FLOOR.
+
+  35-41. Janitor's apartments. 37 and 41 formerly Grand Jury Rooms.
+
+  42-43. Witnesses. 42 was formerly occupied by Local Master and
+            afterwards by County Police Magistrate.
+
+  45.    Historical Society.
+
+         The space occupied by main stairway was formerly a store room.
+
+[Illustration: ELGIN COUNTY COURT HOUSE N. R. DARRACH, ARCHT., S^{T}.
+THOMAS, ONT.
+
+GROUND FLOOR PLAN
+
+FIRST FLOOR PLAN]
+
+[Illustration: COUNTY . BUILDING . AT . ST . THOMAS . ONT.
+N . R . DARRACH . . . ARCHITECT.]
+
+[Illustration: SECOND FLOOR PLAN]
+
+
+Members of Elgin County Council.
+
+1852.
+
+  ALDBOROUGH--Duncan McColl.
+  DUNWICH--Moses Willey.
+  SOUTHWOLD--Colin Munro, Nicol McColl.
+  YARMOUTH--Elisha S. Ganson (Warden), Leslie Pierce.
+  MALAHIDE--Thomas Locker (Warden), Lewis J. Clarke.
+  BAYHAM--John Elliott, J. Skinner.
+  SOUTH DORCHESTER--Jacob Cline.
+  ST. THOMAS--David Parish.
+
+  1898-1899.
+
+  DISTRICT NO. 1--(Aldborough) S. B. Morris, Daniel Lang (Warden 1898).
+  DISTRICT NO. 2--(Dutton and Dunwich) A. J. Leitch, Edward McKellar.
+  DISTRICT NO. 3--(Port Stanley and Southwold) William Jackson, Donald
+                     Turner, 1898, Francis Hunt, 1899.
+  DISTRICT NO. 4--(Yarmouth) James H. Yarwood, Wm. B. Cole, 1898,
+                     Wm. O. Pollock, 1899.
+  DISTRICT NO. 5--(Aylmer, Vienna, Polling Sub-divisions 1 and 2 of
+                     Bayham, and Malahide, except Polling Sub-division
+                     5) Oscar McKenney, (Warden, 1899) Richard Locker,
+                     1898, Mahlon E. Lyon, 1899.
+  DISTRICT NO. 6--(Springfield, South Dorchester, Malahide (Division 5)
+                     and Bayham (except divisions 1 and 2)) David F.
+                     Moore, (Warden, 1900) Wm. M. Ford.
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Note.
+
+
+Illustrations have been moved to avoid breaks in paragraphs. Minor
+punctuation errors have been corrected without note. The single table of
+Statistics in the original has been reformatted into two separate tables
+for ease of reading, one for population and one for houses and schools.
+Typographical errors have been corrected as follows:
+
+  P. 5  'east side of the river."'--closing quotation mark added.
+  P. 5  'Tuesday, the 8th day of April, 1800.'--had '1900.'
+  P. 6  'tie girths, morticed and tenoned'--had 'tendoned.'
+  P. 12 'sessions of the County of Elgin opened'--had 'Couty.'
+  P. 24 'contended that he was or is faultless'--had 'fautless.'
+  P. 24 'Shall lead thee to the grave."'--closing quotation mark added.
+  P. 25 'his plans interfered with, and all the'--had 'iterferred.'
+  P. 28 '26. Witnesses. Formerly Crown Counsel room'--had '36.'
+
+Unusual spellings of hybernated, Mississaga; inconsistent spellings of
+jail/jailer, gaol/gaoler; inconsistent hyphenation and capitalisation are
+as per the original.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's The Court Houses of a Century, by Kenneth W. McKay
+
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