%PDF-1.4 %ÐÔÅØ 5 0 obj << /Length 1292 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 518.175 Td [(The)-322(Project)-321(Gutenberg)-322(EBook)-321(of)-322(Roman)-322(Society)-321(from)-322(Nero)-321(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)-250(by)-250(Samuel)-250(Dill)]TJ 0 -29.913 Td [(This)-546(eBook)-546(is)-546(for)-546(the)-546(use)-546(of)-546(anyone)-546(anywhere)-546(at)-546(no)-546(cost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-470(with)-470(almost)-470(no)-470(restrictions)-470(whatsoever.)-910(You)-470(may)-469(copy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it,)-565(give)-502(it)-503(away)-502(or)-502(re-use)-502(it)-502(under)-503(the)-502(terms)-502(of)-502(the)-502(Project)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gutenberg)-633(License)-632(included)-633(with)-632(this)-633(eBook)-632(or)-633(online)-632(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(http://www.gutenberg.org/license)]TJ 0 -29.913 Td [(Title:)-500(Roman)-500(Society)-500(from)-500(Nero)-500(to)-500(Marcus)-500(Aurelius)]TJ 0 -27.098 Td [(Author:)-500(Samuel)-500(Dill)]TJ 0 -27.098 Td [(Release)-500(Date:)-500(October)-500(23,)-500(2010)-500([Ebook)-500(34122])]TJ 0 -27.099 Td [(Language:)-500(English)]TJ 0 -40.647 Td [(***START)-500(OF)-500(THE)-500(PROJECT)-500(GUTENBERG)-500(EBOOK)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ROMAN)-500(SOCIETY)-500(FROM)-500(NERO)-500(TO)-500(MARCUS)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(AURELIUS***)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5 0 R /Resources 3 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 8 0 R /Annots [ 1 0 R 2 0 R ] >> endobj 1 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [140.547 431.687 262.463 441.407] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense) >> >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [46.771 418.138 193.422 427.858] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.gutenberg.org/license) >> >> endobj 6 0 obj << /D [4 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 12 0 obj << /Length 980 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 18.9589 Tf 156.095 516.375 Td [(ROMAN)-259(SOCIETY)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 62.305 -40.648 Td [(FROM)]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf -96.276 -27.098 Td [(NERO)-254(TO)-255(MARCUS)-254(AURELIUS)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 104.158 -40.648 Td [(BY)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -53.396 -13.549 Td [(SAMUEL)-262(DILL,)-262(M.A.)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -61.138 -13.549 Td [(HON.)-253(LITT.D.)-252(DUB)-1(LIN,)-252(HON.)-253(LL.D.)-253(EDINBURGH,)-253(HON.)]TJ 18.412 -13.549 Td [(FELLOW)-255(AND)-256(LATE)-256(TUTOR,)-255(C.C.C.,)-257(OXFORD;)]TJ -26.896 -13.55 Td [(PROFESSOR)-251(OF)-252(GREEK)-251(IN)-252(QUEEN)]TJ/F21 9.8629 Tf 154.581 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf 3.284 0 Td [(S)-251(COLLEGE,)-252(BELFAST;)]TJ -99.333 -13.549 Td [(AUTHOR)-260(OF)]TJ/F21 9.8629 Tf 58.828 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf 4.379 0 Td [(ROMAN)-260(SOCIETY)]TJ -109.741 -13.549 Td [(IN)-253(THE)-254(LAST)-253(CENTURY)-253(OF)-253(THE)-254(WESTERN)-253(EMPIRE)]TJ/F21 9.8629 Tf 232.813 0 Td [(\035)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 11 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 12 0 R /Resources 10 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 8 0 R >> endobj 13 0 obj << /D [11 0 R /XYZ 93.543 529.134 null] >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 17 0 obj << /Length 315 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 318.303 548.934 Td [(iii)]TJ 0 g 0 G -213.785 -30.759 Td [(MACMILLAN)-267(AND)-268(CO.,)-272(LIMITED)]TJ -0.286 -13.549 Td [(ST.)-267(MARTIN)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.4 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(S)-267(STREET,)-268(LONDON)]TJ 6.912 -13.549 Td [(1925)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 16 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 17 0 R /Resources 15 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 8 0 R >> endobj 15 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 20 0 obj << /Length 392 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 202.647 518.175 Td [(COPYRIGHT)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -3.274 -24.458 Td [(First)-264(Edition)-264(1904)]TJ -5.136 -13.549 Td [(Second)-263(Edition)-264(1905)]TJ -66.635 -13.55 Td [(Reprinted)-253(December)-254(1905,)-254(1911,)-254(1919,)-254(1920,)-254(1925)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.911 -46.276 Td [(PRINTED)-259(IN)-259(GREAT)-260(BRITAIN)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 19 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 20 0 R /Resources 18 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 8 0 R >> endobj 21 0 obj << /D [19 0 R /XYZ 93.543 529.134 null] >> endobj 18 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 23 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index1) >> endobj 26 0 obj (Preface) endobj 29 0 obj << /Length 3711 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([v])]TJ/F16 18.9589 Tf -192.323 -68.984 Td [(PREFACE)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -98.701 -37.089 Td [(There)-451(must)-452(always)-451(be)-452(something)-451(arbitrary)-451(in)-452(the)-451(choice)-451(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(isolation)-452(of)-452(a)-451(period)-452(of)-452(social)-452(history)-452(for)-451(special)-452(study.)-855(No)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(period)-326(can,)-344(from)-325(one)-326(point)-325(of)-326(view,)-344(be)-326(broken)-325(off)-326(and)-325(isolated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-369(the)-368(immemorial)-368(influences)-369(which)-368(have)-369(moulded)-368(it,)-398(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-240(succession)-239(of)-240(coming)-240(ages)-239(which)-240(it)-240(will)-240(help)-239(to)-240(fashion.)-246(And)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(this)-212(is)-212(specially)-212(true)-212(of)-213(the)-212(history)-212(of)-212(a)-212(race)-212(at)-212(once)-212(so)-212(aggressive,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-349(so)-349(tenacious)-349(of)-349(the)-349(past,)-374(as)-349(the)-349(Roman.)-547(The)-348(national)-349(fibre)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-307(so)-308(tough,)-322(and)-307(its)-307(tone)-308(and)-307(sentiment)-308(so)-307(conservative)-307(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-341(external)-341(changes,)-364(that)-341(when)-341(a)-341(man)-341(knows)-340(any)-341(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(period)-218(of)-218(Roman)-219(social)-218(history,)-224(he)-219(may)-218(almost,)-224(without)-218(paradox,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-250(said)-250(to)-250(know)-250(a)-250(great)-250(deal)-250(of)-250(it)-250(from)-250(Romulus)-250(to)-250(Honorius.)]TJ 11.956 -14.483 Td [(Yet,)-266(as)-263(in)-264(the)-263(artistic)-263(drama)-263(there)-263(must)-263(be)-263(a)-263(beginning)-263(and)-263(an)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(end,)-322(although)-308(the)-307(action)-308(can)-307(only)-308(be)-308(ideally)-307(severed)-308(from)-307(what)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-366(preceded)-366(and)-366(what)-367(is)-366(to)-366(follow)-366(in)-366(actual)-366(life,)-395(so)-366(a)-366(limited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(space)-345(in)-345(the)-345(collective)-345(history)-345(of)-345(a)-345(people)-345(may)-345(be)-345(legitimately)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(set)-259(apart)-258(for)-259(concentrated)-258(study.)-276(But)-258(as)-259(in)-258(the)-259(case)-258(of)-259(the)-258(drama,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-428(a)-429(period)-428(should)-428(possess)-428(a)-429(certain)-428(unity)-428(and)-428(intensity)-428(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-297(interest.)-392(It)-298(should)-297(be)-297(a)-298(crisis)-297(and)-297(turning-point)-298(in)-297(the)-297(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-253(humanity,)-255(a)-253(period)-254(pregnant)-253(with)-253(momentous)-254(issues,)-254(a)-253(period)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-301(which)-301(the)-302(old)-301(order)-301(and)-301(the)-302(new)-301(are)-301(contending)-301(for)-301(mastery,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-274(in)-274(which)-274(the)-273(old)-274(is)-274(melting)-274(into)-274(the)-274(new.)-321(Above)-274(all,)-280(it)-273(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-401(one)-400(in)-401(which)-401(the)-400(great)-401(social)-401(and)-400(spiritual)-401(movements)-400(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incarnate)-275(in)-274(some)-275(striking)-274(personalities,)-281(who)-275(may)-274(give)-275(a)-274(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interest)-250(to)-250(dim)-250(forces)-250(of)-250(spiritual)-250(evolution.)]TJ 11.956 -14.483 Td [(Such)-218(a)-219(period,)-225(it)-218(seems)-219(to)-218(the)-218(writer)-219(of)-218(this)-219(book,)-225(is)-218(that)-219(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([vi])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(he)-281(now)-280(presents)-281(to)-281(the)-280(reader.)-343(It)-280(opens)-281(with)-281(the)-280(self-destruction)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 28 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 29 0 R /Resources 27 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 8 0 R >> endobj 30 0 obj << /D [28 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 24 0 obj << /D [28 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 31 0 obj << /D [28 0 R /XYZ 300.739 79.691 null] >> endobj 27 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 34 0 obj << /Length 4902 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(vi)-6393(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-228(lawless)-227(and)-228(intoxicated)-227(power;)-235(it)-228(closes)-228(with)-227(the)-228(realisation)-227(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plato)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.429 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-181(dream)-180(of)-181(a)-181(reign)-180(of)-181(the)-181(philosophers.)-226(The)-181(revolution)-181(in)-180(the)]TJ -26.062 -13.549 Td [(ideal)-214(of)-214(the)-215(principate,)-221(which)-214(gave)-214(the)-215(world)-214(a)-214(Trajan,)-221(a)-214(Hadrian,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-207(a)-207(Marcus)-208(Aurelius)-207(in)-207(place)-207(of)-208(a)-207(Caligula)-207(and)-207(a)-207(Nero,)-216(may)-207(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-328(been)-327(accompanied)-328(by)-327(any)-328(change)-327(of)-328(corresponding)-327(depth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-401(the)-401(moral)-400(condition)-401(of)-401(the)-401(masses.)-702(But)-401(the)-401(world)-400(enjoyed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-233(nearly)-232(a)-233(century)-232(an)-232(almost)-233(unexampled)-232(peace)-233(and)-232(prosperity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-479(skilful)-479(and)-479(humane)-479(government.)-937(The)-479(civic)-479(splendour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-349(social)-349(charities)-350(of)-349(the)-349(Antonine)-349(age)-350(can)-349(be)-349(revived)-349(by)-349(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imagination)-189(from)-189(the)-189(abundant)-189(remains)-189(and)-189(records)-189(of)-189(the)-189(period.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Its)-315(materialism)-316(and)-315(social)-315(vices)-315(will)-316(also)-315(sadden)-315(the)-315(thoughtful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(student)-306(of)-306(its)-306(literature)-306(and)-305(inscriptions.)-418(But)-306(if)-306(that)-306(age)-306(had)-305(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faults)-214(of)-213(a)-214(luxurious)-213(and)-214(highly)-213(organised)-214(civilisation,)-220(it)-214(was)-213(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dignified)-354(and)-354(elevated)-353(by)-354(a)-354(great)-353(effort)-354(for)-354(reform)-354(of)-353(conduct,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-207(a)-207(passion,)-216(often,)-216(it)-207(is)-207(true,)-215(sadly)-207(misguided,)-216(to)-207(rise)-207(to)-207(a)-207(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-340(life)-340(and)-341(to)-340(win)-340(the)-340(succour)-340(of)-341(unseen)-340(Powers.)-520(To)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(writer)-262(of)-261(this)-262(book,)-265(this)-261(seems)-262(to)-262(give)-262(the)-261(Antonine)-262(age)-262(its)-261(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinction)-334(and)-334(its)-333(deepest)-334(interest)-334(for)-334(the)-333(student)-334(of)-334(the)-334(life)-333(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(humanity.)-372(The)-291(influence)-291(of)-291(philosophy)-290(on)-291(the)-291(legislation)-291(of)-290(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Antonines)-316(is)-316(a)-316(commonplace)-317(of)-316(history.)-448(But)-316(its)-316(practical)-316(effort)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-300(give)-300(support)-300(and)-300(guidance)-300(to)-299(moral)-300(life,)-313(and)-300(to)-300(refashion)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-264(paganism,)-267(so)-264(as)-264(to)-264(make)-264(it)-264(a)-263(real)-264(spiritual)-264(force,)-268(has)-263(perhaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hardly)-302(yet)-302(attracted)-302(the)-302(notice)-301(which)-302(it)-302(deserves.)-406(It)-302(is)-302(one)-301(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(object)-297(of)-296(this)-297(book)-297(to)-296(show)-297(how)-296(the)-297(later)-297(Stoicism)-296(and)-297(the)-296(new)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Platonism,)-298(working)-289(in)-288(eclectic)-289(harmony,)-298(strove)-288(to)-289(supply)-288(a)-288(rule)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(conduct)-250(and)-250(a)-250(higher)-250(vision)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Divine)-250(world.)]TJ 11.956 -18.458 Td [(But)-254(philosophy)-255(failed,)-256(as)-254(it)-255(will)-254(probably)-255(fail)-254(till)-255(some)-254(far-off)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(age,)-368(to)-344(find)-345(an)-344(anodyne)-344(for)-345(the)-344(spiritual)-344(distresses)-345(of)-344(the)-344(mass)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-325(men.)-474(It)-325(might)-325(hold)-325(up)-325(the)-325(loftiest)-325(ideal)-324(of)-325(conduct;)-363(it)-324(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revive)-356(the)-356(ancient)-357(gods)-356(in)-356(new)-356(spiritual)-357(power;)-409(it)-356(might)-356(strive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-273(fill)-273(the)-274(interval)-273(between)-273(the)-273(remote)-274(Infinite)-273(Spirit)-273(and)-273(the)-273(life)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([vii])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(of)-378(man)-377(with)-378(a)-378(host)-378(of)-377(mediating)-378(and)-378(succouring)-377(powers.)-633(But)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-328(effort)-329(was)-328(doomed)-328(to)-329(failure.)-484(It)-329(was)-328(an)-328(esoteric)-329(creed,)-347(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-281(masses)-280(remained)-281(untouched)-281(by)-280(it.)-342(They)-281(longed)-280(for)-281(a)-280(Divine)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 33 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 34 0 R /Resources 32 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 8 0 R >> endobj 35 0 obj << /D [33 0 R /XYZ 297.355 106.79 null] >> endobj 32 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 38 0 obj << /Length 4724 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Preface)-21670(vii)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(light,)-353(a)-333(clear,)-354(authoritative)-332(voice)-333(from)-333(the)-333(unseen)-332(world.)-498(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sought)-417(it)-417(in)-417(ever)-417(more)-417(blind)-417(and)-417(passionate)-417(devotion)-417(to)-417(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-341(deities,)-364(and)-341(in)-341(all)-341(the)-341(curiosity)-341(of)-341(superstition.)-522(But)-341(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(voice)-280(came)-280(to)-280(them)-280(at)-281(last)-280(from)-280(the)-280(regions)-280(of)-280(the)-280(East.)-340(It)-280(came)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(through)-259(the)-258(worships)-259(of)-259(Isis)-258(and)-259(Mithra,)-261(which)-258(promised)-259(a)-258(hope)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-257(immortality,)-258(and)-256(provided)-257(a)-256(sacramental)-257(system)-256(to)-257(soothe)-256(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense)-253(of)-253(guilt)-254(and)-253(prepare)-253(the)-253(trembling)-254(soul)-253(for)-253(the)-253(great)-253(ordeal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-355(the)-355(verge)-355(of)-355(another)-354(world.)-565(How)-355(far)-355(these)-355(eastern)-354(systems)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(succeeded,)-290(and)-282(where)-282(they)-283(failed,)-290(it)-282(is)-282(one)-282(great)-282(purpose)-282(of)-282(this)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(book)-250(to)-250(explain.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-375(writer,)-406(so)-376(far)-375(as)-375(he)-375(knows)-375(himself,)-406(has)-375(had)-375(no)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 237.769 0 Td [(arri\350re)]TJ -249.725 -13.549 Td [(pens\351e)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.055 0 Td [(in)-217(describing)-218(this)-217(great)-217(moral)-217(and)-218(spiritual)-217(movement.)-239(As)]TJ -32.055 -13.549 Td [(M.)-353(Boissier)-354(has)-353(pointed)-353(out,)-380(the)-353(historian)-353(of)-354(the)-353(Antonine)-353(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-309(free)-308(to)-309(treat)-309(paganism)-308(apart)-309(from)-309(the)-308(growth)-309(of)-309(the)-308(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Church.)-572(The)-357(pagan)-358(world)-357(of)-357(that)-358(age)-357(seems)-357(to)-358(have)-357(had)-357(little)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(communication)-436(with)-436(the)-435(loftier)-436(faith)-436(which,)-482(within)-436(a)-435(century)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-301(a)-300(half)-300(from)-301(the)-300(death)-301(of)-300(M.)-301(Aurelius,)-313(was)-300(destined)-301(to)-300(seize)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-366(sceptre.)-599(To)-366(Juvenal,)-395(Tacitus,)-395(and)-366(Pliny,)-395(to)-366(Plutarch,)-395(Dion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Chrysostom,)-528(Lucian,)-529(and)-472(M.)-473(Aurelius,)-528(the)-473(Church)-473(is)-472(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(known,)-429(or)-394(known)-393(as)-393(an)-394(obscure)-393(off-shoot)-394(of)-393(Judaism,)-429(a)-393(little)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sect,)-299(worshipping)-289(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 88.643 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(crucified)-289(Sophist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.661 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.996 0 Td [(in)-289(somewhat)-289(suspicious)]TJ -176.144 -13.549 Td [(retirement,)-312(or)-300(more)-299(favourably)-300(distinguished)-300(by)-299(simple-minded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charity.)-239(The)-218(modern)-218(theologian)-218(can)-218(hardly)-218(be)-218(content)-218(to)-218(know)-218(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-223(of)-223(the)-223(great)-223(movement)-223(in)-223(the)-223(heathen)-223(world)-223(which)-222(prepared)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-250(deferred)-250(the)-250(victory)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Church.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(It)-317(will)-316(be)-317(evident)-316(to)-317(any)-317(critical)-316(reader)-317(that)-317(the)-316(scope)-317(of)-316(this)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(book)-324(is)-323(strictly)-324(limited.)-471(As)-324(in)-323(a)-324(former)-324(work)-323(on)-324(the)-324(Society)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-377(later)-377(Empire,)-409(attention)-377(has)-377(been)-377(concentrated)-377(on)-376(the)-377(inner)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-351(life)-351(of)-351(the)-351(time,)-376(and)-351(comparatively)-351(little)-351(space)-351(has)-350(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(given)-337(to)-337(its)-337(external)-337(history)-337(and)-337(the)-337(machinery)-337(of)-337(government.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([viii])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(The)-367(relation)-366(of)-367(the)-367(Senate)-367(to)-367(the)-366(Emperor)-367(in)-367(the)-367(first)-366(century,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-408(the)-408(organisation)-408(of)-408(the)-408(municipal)-408(towns)-408(have)-408(been)-408(dwelt)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-335(at)-335(some)-335(length,)-356(because)-335(they)-335(affected)-335(profoundly)-334(the)-335(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-392(of)-392(the)-392(age.)-676(On)-392(the)-392(particular)-392(field)-392(which)-392(the)-392(writer)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 37 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 38 0 R /Resources 36 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 40 0 R >> endobj 39 0 obj << /D [37 0 R /XYZ 259.797 120.339 null] >> endobj 36 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 43 0 obj << /Length 2751 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(viii)-5837(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(has)-433(surveyed,)-479(Dean)-434(Merivale,)-479(Dr.)-799(Mahaffy,)-479(Professor)-433(Bury,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-378(Mr.)-633(Capes)-378(have)-378(thrown)-378(much)-377(light)-378(by)-378(their)-378(learning)-377(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sympathy.)-419(But)-306(these)-306(distinguished)-306(writers)-306(have)-306(approached)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(period)-374(from)-375(a)-374(different)-375(point)-374(of)-374(view)-375(from)-374(that)-375(of)-374(the)-374(present)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(author,)-532(and)-476(he)-475(believes)-476(that)-475(he)-476(has)-476(not)-475(incurred)-476(the)-475(serious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peril)-441(of)-442(appearing)-441(to)-441(compete)-441(with)-442(them.)-824(He)-441(has,)-489(as)-441(a)-441(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(duty,)-295(devoted)-286(himself)-286(to)-285(a)-286(complete)-286(survey)-286(of)-286(the)-286(literature)-285(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-179(of)-179(the)-179(period.)-226(References)-179(to)-179(the)-179(secondary)-179(authorities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-326(monographs)-326(which)-327(he)-326(has)-326(used)-326(will)-327(be)-326(found)-326(in)-326(the)-326(notes.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(But)-286(he)-285(owes)-286(a)-286(special)-285(obligation)-286(to)-285(Friedl\344nder,)-295(Zeller,)-294(R\351ville,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Schiller,)-394(Boissier,)-394(Martha,)-394(Peter,)-395(and)-365(Marquardt,)-394(for)-365(guidance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-276(suggestion.)-326(He)-276(must)-275(also)-276(particularly)-275(acknowledge)-276(his)-275(debt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-315(M.)-315(Cumont)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 62.949 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-315(exhaustive)-315(work)-315(on)-316(the)-315(monuments)-315(of)-315(Mithra.)]TJ -66.582 -13.549 Td [(Once)-324(more)-324(he)-324(has)-324(to)-324(offer)-324(his)-324(warmest)-324(gratitude)-324(to)-324(his)-323(learned)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(friend,)-236(the)-232(Rev.)-244(Charles)-232(Plummer,)-236(Fellow)-232(of)-232(C.C.C.,)-236(Oxford,)-235(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(patience)-318(and)-317(judgment)-317(with)-318(which)-317(he)-317(has)-318(revised)-317(the)-317(proof)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sheets.)-334(His)-278(thanks)-278(are)-279(also)-278(due)-278(to)-278(the)-278(Messrs.)-334(R.)-278(and)-278(R.)-278(Clark)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(reader,)-334(for)-317(the)-317(scrupulous)-318(accuracy)-317(which)-317(has)-317(saved)-317(the)-317(author)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(much)-250(time)-250(and)-250(labour.)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(September)-250(19,)-250(1904.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 42 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 43 0 R /Resources 41 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 40 0 R >> endobj 41 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 44 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index2) >> endobj 47 0 obj (Contents) endobj 50 0 obj << /Length 5784 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([ix])]TJ/F16 18.9589 Tf -200.21 -67.541 Td [(CONTENTS)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf 26.807 -39.192 Td [(BOOK)-285(I)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 0.467 -14.193 Td [(CHAPTER)-282(I)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -67.365 -13.467 Td [(THE)-262(ARISTOCRACY)-261(UNDER)-262(THE)-262(TERROR)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -38.767 -14.194 Td [(How)-280(far)-280(the)-279(Antonine)-280(age)-280(is)-280(marked)-279(by)-280(a)-280(moral)-280(and)-279(spiritual)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(revolution)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.847 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Light)-302(which)-302(Seneca)-303(throws)-302(on)-302(the)-302(moral)-302(condition)]TJ -55.756 -13.549 Td [(of)-563(his)-563(class)-563(in)-563(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.889 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-563(reign)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.804 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Value)-563(of)-563(his)-563(testimony)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.332 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(pessimism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.069 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Human)-350(degeneracy)-350(the)-351(result)-350(of)-350(selfish)-350(greed)-350(and)]TJ -56.978 -13.549 Td [(luxury)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.483 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Picture)-212(of)-213(contemporary)-212(society)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.435 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Cruel)-212(selfishness)-213(and)]TJ -188.736 -13.55 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 15.594 0 Td [(taedium)-207(vitae)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.62 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 19.227 0 Td [(Ardelio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.727 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-208(terror)-207(under)-207(which)-208(Seneca)]TJ -147.986 -13.549 Td [(lived)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.894 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-572(ideal)-573(of)-572(the)-573(principate)-572(expounded)-573(to)-572(Nero)]TJ -67.254 -13.549 Td [(in)-536(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 33.505 0 Td [(De)-536(Clementia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.411 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-536(character)-535(of)-536(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 105.361 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Taint)-536(in)-535(the)]TJ -224.095 -13.549 Td [(blood)-377(of)-377(the)-377(Domitii)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.554 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Nero)-377(at)-377(first)-377(showed)-377(glimpses)-377(of)-377(some)]TJ -104.463 -13.549 Td [(better)-476(qualities)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.001 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-476(he)-476(was)-476(inj)1(ured)-476(by)-476(the)-476(ambition)-476(to)-476(be)]TJ -77.91 -13.55 Td [(an)-343(artist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.862 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(False)-343(aestheticism)-344(and)-343(insane)-344(profusion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.388 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Feeling)-343(of)]TJ -235.069 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus)-266(as)-266(to)-266(his)-266(time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.422 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-266(career)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.694 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Views)-266(as)-266(to)-266(his)-266(impartiality)]TJ -159.934 -13.549 Td [(as)-430(a)-429(historian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.486 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-430(was)-429(under)-430(complex)-430(influences)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.678 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-430(chief)]TJ -238.982 -13.549 Td [(motive)-352(as)-353(a)-352(historian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.95 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-352(is)-353(not)-352(a)-353(political)-352(doctrinaire)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 141.021 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-352(is)]TJ -256.789 -13.549 Td [(avenging)-434(a)-435(moral,)-480(not)-434(a)-435(political)-434(ideal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.699 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-434(pessimism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.96 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.55 Td [(prejudices)-899(and)-899(limitations)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.881 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-899(ideal)-899(of)-899(education)-899(and)]TJ -137.79 -13.549 Td [(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.97 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(His)-316(hesitating)-315(religious)-316(faith)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.089 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-316(credulity)-315(and)-316(his)]TJ -187.878 -13.549 Td [(scepticism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.058 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-437(view)-438(of)-437(the)-437(corrupting)-438(influence)-437(of)-437(despotic)]TJ -56.967 -13.549 Td [(power)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.261 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-409(influence)-408(of)-409(imperial)-408(example)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.792 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Profusion)-409(of)-408(the)]TJ -206.872 -13.549 Td [(early)-413(Caesars,)-454(leading)-413(to)-413(murder)-413(and)-412(confiscation)-413(in)-413(order)-413(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(replenish)-383(their)-383(treasury)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.481 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Dangers)-383(of)-383(life)-383(about)-383(the)-383(court)-383(from)]TJ -114.391 -13.549 Td [(espionage)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.625 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Causes)-464(of)-463(delation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.26 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-464(temptations)-463(and)-464(its)-464(great)]TJ -150.703 -13.549 Td [(rewards)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.527 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-271(secret)-271(of)-272(the)-271(imperial)-271(terror)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 140.204 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Various)-271(theories)-271(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 49 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 50 0 R /Resources 48 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 40 0 R >> endobj 51 0 obj << /D [49 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 45 0 obj << /D [49 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 48 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 55 0 obj << /Length 7341 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(x)-6671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(it)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 6.066 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Was)-278(the)-279(Senate)-278(a)-279(real)-278(danger?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 132.711 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-278(impotence)-279(in)-278(spite)-279(of)-278(its)]TJ -160.595 -13.549 Td [(prestige)-241(and)-242(claims)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 84.042 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-241(philosophic)-242(opposition)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.212 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Was)-241(it)-242(really)]TJ -225.072 -13.549 Td [(revolutionary?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.622 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Scelera)-614(sceleribus)-614(tuenda)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 118.214 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.752 0 Td [(The)-614(undefined)]TJ -213.341 -13.549 Td [(position)-501(of)-501(the)-500(principate)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.593 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-501(working)-501(depended)-500(greatly)-501(on)]TJ -128.502 -13.55 Td [(the)-668(character)-667(of)-668(the)-667(Emperor)-668(for)-667(the)-668(time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 210.315 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-668(ideal)]TJ -247.897 -13.549 Td [(of)-492(the)-492(principate)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.784 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-492(danger)-492(from)-493(pretenders)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 129.4 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Evil)-492(effects)]TJ -228.002 -13.549 Td [(of)-454(astrology)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.64 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-454(degradation)-453(of)-454(the)-454(aristocracy)-453(under)-454(Nero)]TJ -65.549 -13.549 Td [(and)-519(Domitian)-519(illustrated)-520(from)-519(the)-519(Pisonian)-519(conspiracy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 253.968 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(the)-438(Year)-439(of)-438(the)-438(Four)-439(Emperors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.875 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-438(reign)-439(of)-438(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.028 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)]TJ -269.721 -13.55 Td [(puzzling)-538(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.416 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-538(strange)-539(contrasts)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.943 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-538(terrors)-539(of)-538(its)]TJ -198.177 -13.549 Td [(close)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Confiscation)-250(and)-250(massacre)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 116.945 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-250(funereal)-250(banquet)]TJ 70.552 -14.958 Td [(Pages)-316(1-57)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -304.49 0 Td [([x])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 189.03 -14.959 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(II)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -40.49 -14.231 Td [(THE)-269(WORLD)-269(OF)-270(THE)-269(SATIRIST)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -63.829 -14.958 Td [(Juvenal)-1015(and)-1015(Tacitus)-1015(compared)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.433 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Social)-1015(position)-1015(and)]TJ -180.297 -13.549 Td [(experience)-628(of)-628(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.365 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Juvenal)-628(and)-628(Martial)-628(deal)-628(with)-628(the)]TJ -114.274 -13.55 Td [(same)-335(features)-335(of)-335(society)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.905 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-335(motives)-335(compared)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 108.503 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Character)]TJ -238.226 -13.549 Td [(of)-603(Martial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.779 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-603(moral)-602(standard)-603(of)-603(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 148.09 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-603(humanity)]TJ -217.687 -13.549 Td [(and)-771(his)-772(old)-771(Roman)-771(prejudices)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.435 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-771(unites)-772(the)-771(spirit)-771(of)]TJ -163.344 -13.549 Td [(two)-479(different)-479(ages)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.758 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-479(rhetorical)-479(pessimism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.473 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-479(sweeping)]TJ -219.049 -13.549 Td [(generalisations)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.444 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Abnormal)-465(specimens)-465(become)-464(types)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 161.851 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Roman)]TJ -249.114 -13.55 Td [(luxury)-493(at)-493(its)-493(height)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 90.074 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-493(similar)-493(extravagance)-493(is)-493(denounced)]TJ -100.983 -13.549 Td [(for)-546(five)-545(centuries)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.971 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Such)-546(judgments)-545(need)-546(qualification)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 160.877 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(great)-625(social)-624(changes)-625(depicted)-624(by)-625(Juvenal,)-718(some)-625(of)-624(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-779(misunderstands)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.674 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Roman)-779(respect)-779(for)-779(birth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.235 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-779(decay)]TJ -229.727 -13.549 Td [(of)-918(the)-918(aristocracy)-918(and)-918(its)-918(causes)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 174.878 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Aristocratic)-918(poverty)]TJ -185.787 -13.549 Td [(and)-640(servility)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.495 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-640(the)-640(early)-640(Emperors)-640(lowered)-640(senatorial)]TJ -69.404 -13.55 Td [(dignity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.916 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Aristocratic)-1057(gladiators)-1057(and)-1057(actors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 170.927 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Nero)-1057(made)]TJ -223.661 -13.549 Td [(bohemianism)-353(the)-353(fashion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.936 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(The)-353(Legend)-353(of)-353(Bad)-353(Women)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.279 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Its)]TJ -269.721 -13.549 Td [(untrustworthiness)-594(and)-593(defects)-594(of)-593(treatment)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 200.414 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(High)-594(ideals)-593(of)]TJ -211.323 -13.549 Td [(womanhood)-159(among)-158(contemporaries)-159(of)-158(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 200.217 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-159(is)-158(influenced)]TJ -211.126 -13.549 Td [(by)-397(old)-396(Roman)-397(prejudice)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.942 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Juvenal)-397(hates)-396(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.059 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(new)-397(woman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.618 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.171 0 Td [(as)]TJ -271.542 -13.55 Td [(much)-556(as)-557(the)-556(vicious)-556(woman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.568 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-556(emancipation)-557(of)-556(women)]TJ -145.477 -13.549 Td [(began)-481(in)-481(the)-481(second)-481(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 137.114 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Higher)-481(culture)-481(of)-481(women)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 54 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 55 0 R /Resources 53 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 40 0 R /Annots [ 52 0 R ] >> endobj 52 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [354.177 365.347 359.631 375.219] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg1) >> >> endobj 56 0 obj << /D [54 0 R /XYZ 93.543 365.347 null] >> endobj 53 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 61 0 obj << /Length 7074 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-21390(xi)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-271(their)-271(growing)-270(influence)-271(on)-271(public)-271(affairs)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.469 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-271(dislike)]TJ -244.338 -13.549 Td [(of)-508(the)-507(oriental)-508(worships)-508(and)-507(their)-508(female)-508(devotees)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 237.51 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(This)-508(is)]TJ -248.419 -13.549 Td [(another)-497(old)-497(movement)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.555 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-497(influence)-497(of)-496(Judaism)-497(at)-497(Rome,)]TJ -114.464 -13.549 Td [(even)-596(in)-596(the)-596(Imperial)-596(household)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 150.232 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Women)-596(in)-596(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.358 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-596(day)]TJ -254.131 -13.55 Td [(were)-660(exposed)-660(to)-659(serious)-660(dangers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 159.056 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-660(corruptions)-660(of)-659(the)]TJ -169.965 -13.549 Td [(theatre)-398(and)-398(the)-398(circus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.841 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Intrigues)-398(with)-398(actors)-398(and)-398(slaves)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 144.007 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(invasion)-649(of)-649(Hellenism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 105.06 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-649(history)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.292 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-649(Hellenism)-648(of)-649(the)]TJ -175.17 -13.549 Td [(Emperors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.415 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-223(lower)-224(Hellenism)-223(which)-224(Juvenal)-223(attacks)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 189.124 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Social)]TJ -253.357 -13.549 Td [(and)-620(economic)-620(causes)-620(of)-620(the)-620(movement)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 188.938 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Greek)-620(tutors)-620(and)]TJ -199.847 -13.55 Td [(professors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.837 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-690(medical)-691(profession)-690(chiefly)-691(recruited)-690(from)]TJ -55.746 -13.549 Td [(foreigners)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.226 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-279(character)-279(of)-279(the)-279(profession)-279(in)-279(those)-279(days)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.622 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(astrologer)-223(and)-223(the)-224(parasite)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.941 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-223(client)-223(of)-223(the)-224(early)-223(Empire)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 129.718 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(degradation)-213(and)-212(his)-212(hardships)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.754 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(General)-213(poverty)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.173 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-212(contempt)]TJ -220.745 -13.549 Td [(for)-311(trade)-310(and)-310(industry)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.202 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-310(growth)-311(of)-310(captation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.11 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-311(worship)]TJ -225.13 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(wealth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.898 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-250(cry)-250(of)-250(the)-250(poor)]TJ 174.49 -14.958 Td [(Pages)-315(58-99)]TJ -111.836 -14.958 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(III)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -46.306 -14.231 Td [(THE)-267(SOCIETY)-267(OF)-267(THE)-267(FREEDMEN)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -56.2 -14.959 Td [(The)-190(rise)-191(of)-190(the)-191(freedmen)-190(a)-191(great)-190(movement)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.579 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Roman)-190(prejudice)]TJ -206.443 -13.549 Td [(against)-355(them)-355(expressed)-355(in)-355(the)-355(literature)-355(of)-355(the)-355(age)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 225.485 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Economic)]TJ -236.394 -13.549 Td [(and)-715(social)-715(causes)-716(of)-715(the)-715(movement)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.164 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Trade)-715(and)-715(industry)]TJ -188.073 -13.549 Td [(despised)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.571 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-668(freedmen)-669(occupied)-668(a)-669(vacant)-668(place)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 190.335 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Causes)]TJ -249.724 -13.55 Td [(of)-667(the)-668(contempt)-667(for)-668(them)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.684 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-667(many)-668(vices)-667(and)-668(vulgar)]TJ -137.593 -13.549 Td [(taste)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.996 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-543(their)-542(rise)-543(was)-542(a)-543(hopeful)-542(sign)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 160.335 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-543(freedmen)-542(in)]TJ -202.149 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-411(office)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.279 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-411(policy)-410(of)-411(the)-410(early)-411(Emperors)-410(to)-411(employ)]TJ -77.188 -13.549 Td [(freedmen)-652(in)-651(their)-652(bureaux)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.141 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Vitellius)-652(the)-651(first)-652(Emperor)-652(t)1(o)]TJ -137.05 -13.549 Td [(employ)-724(Equites)-723(as)-724(imperial)-724(secretaries)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 188.517 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Hadrian)-724(confined)]TJ -199.426 -13.55 Td [(the)-598(three)-598(great)-598(ministries)-598(to)-598(men)-598(of)-598(equestrian)-598(rank)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(great)-599(imperial)-600(freedmen)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 112.437 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Polybius,)-687(Claudius)-599(Etruscus,)-687(and)]TJ -123.346 -13.549 Td [(Abascantus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-381(career)-381(and)-382(their)-381(immense)-381(power)-381(described)]TJ -61.2 -13.549 Td [(by)-647(Statius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.668 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-647(intrigues)-646(and)-647(crimes)-646(of)-647(the)-646(freedmen)-647(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.447 0 Td [([xi])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Claudius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 38.793 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-223(insolence)-223(of)-224(Pallas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.621 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-223(wealth)-223(of)-224(the)-223(freedmen)]TJ -161.232 -13.55 Td [(and)-544(its)-544(sources)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.652 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-544(luxurious)-544(display)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 108.233 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-544(baths)-544(of)-545(Cl.)]TJ -200.703 -13.549 Td [(Etruscus)-376(and)-376(the)-376(gardens)-376(of)-376(Entellus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.941 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-376(the)-376(freedmen)-376(were)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 60 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 61 0 R /Resources 59 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 40 0 R /Annots [ 58 0 R ] >> endobj 58 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [301.95 311.15 312.859 321.022] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg58) >> >> endobj 62 0 obj << /D [60 0 R /XYZ 122.312 106.79 null] >> endobj 59 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 67 0 obj << /Length 7673 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xii)-6115(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(seldom)-668(admitted)-667(to)-667(equal)-668(rank)-667(with)-668(the)-667(aristocracy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(Senate)-612(flattered)-612(and)-612(despised)-612(them)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.276 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-612(doubtful)-612(position)]TJ -178.185 -13.549 Td [(of)-530(freedwomen)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.387 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Plebeian)-530(Aspasias)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.129 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-530(influence)-529(of)-529(Acte,)]TJ -173.334 -13.549 Td [(Caenis,)-462(and)-419(Panthea)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.323 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Manumission)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.4 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-419(was)-420(often)-419(not)-419(a)-420(very)]TJ -173.541 -13.55 Td [(abrupt)-596(change)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.273 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-596(better)-597(side)-596(of)-596(slave)-597(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.953 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Trusted)-596(and)]TJ -225.044 -13.549 Td [(favourite)-251(slaves)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 68.783 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-251(they)-251(could)-251(obtain)-251(their)-251(freedom)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 161.545 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Slaves)]TJ -252.146 -13.549 Td [(employed)-215(in)-215(offices)-216(of)-215(trust)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.071 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-215(growing)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 58.019 0 Td [(peculium)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.992 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-215(close)]TJ -238.901 -13.549 Td [(tie)-304(between)-303(patron)-303(and)-304(freedman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.32 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-303(freedman)-304(gets)-303(a)-304(start)-303(in)]TJ -156.229 -13.549 Td [(trade)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.807 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(His)-418(rapid)-417(rise)-418(in)-417(wealth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.115 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-418(vulgar)-417(ostentation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.016 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -263.666 -13.55 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 45.711 0 Td [(of)-523(Petronius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.008 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Theories)-523(as)-523(to)-523(its)-524(motive,)-591(date)-523(and)]TJ -112.629 -13.549 Td [(authorship)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.058 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-560(author)-560(probably)-561(the)-560(C.)-560(Petronius)-560(of)-560(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 215.787 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(reign)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-535(character)-534(in)-535(Tacitus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.226 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-535(probable)-534(motive)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.295 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(literary)-342(character)-341(and)-342(scene)-342(of)-341(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 156.241 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.003 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-342(character)-341(of)]TJ -207.153 -13.549 Td [(the)-320(Greek)-320(adventurers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.857 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.48 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-320(dinner,)-338(to)-320(which)-320(they)-320(are)]TJ -160.879 -13.55 Td [(invited)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.305 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Sketch)-363(of)-363(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.179 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-363(career)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.842 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-363(dinner)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.795 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Carving)]TJ -245.481 -13.549 Td [(to)-421(music)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.147 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Dishes)-422(descend)-421(from)-421(the)-422(ceiling)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 147.458 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Wine)-421(100)-422(years)]TJ -208.423 -13.549 Td [(old)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 13.942 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Confused)-270(recollections)-269(of)-270(Homer)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.764 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Hannibal)-270(at)-269(the)-270(Trojan)]TJ -181.524 -13.549 Td [(war)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.353 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Rope-dancers)-465(and)-464(tales)-465(of)-464(witchcraft)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 169.312 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-465(manners)-464(of)]TJ -207.483 -13.549 Td [(Fortunata)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.814 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-640(conversation)-640(of)-640(some)-640(of)-639(the)-640(guests)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.4 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(True)]TJ -260.033 -13.55 Td [(bourgeois)-362(vulgarity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.366 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Grumbling)-362(about)-362(the)-362(management)-362(of)-362(the)]TJ -97.275 -13.549 Td [(aediles)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.294 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Everything)-358(is)-358(going)-358(back)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 112.922 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-358(all)-358(arises)-358(from)-358(neglect)]TJ -169.878 -13.549 Td [(of)-274(religion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.018 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.752 0 Td [(The)-274(coming)-275(gladiatorial)-274(show,)-280(when)-275(there)-274(will)-274(be)]TJ -61.77 -13.549 Td [(plenty)-477(of)-477(blood)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.622 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-477(education)-477(of)-478(a)-477(freedman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.325 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-477(son)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.603 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.752 0 Td [(You)]TJ -261.844 -13.549 Td [(learn)-608(for)-608(profit)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.034 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Fast)-608(and)-608(furious)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.11 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-608(ladies)-608(get)-608(drunk,)]TJ -176.806 -13.55 Td [(and)-563(Trimalchio)-564(gives)-563(an)-563(unflattering)-564(account)-563(of)-563(his)-563(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.753 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(history)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.305 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-342(gives)-342(directions)-343(to)-342(his)-342(friend,)-365(the)-342(stone-cutter,)-365(for)]TJ -41.214 -13.549 Td [(the)-242(erection)-242(of)-243(his)-242(monument)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.527 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-242(has)-242(himself)-243(laid)-242(out)-242(for)-242(dead,)]TJ -138.436 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(the)-250(horn-blowers)-250(sound)-250(his)-250(lament)]TJ 215.423 -13.967 Td [(Pages)-311(100-137)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -93.998 -17.514 Td [(BOOK)-283(II)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -3.338 -13.968 Td [(CHAPTER)-282(I)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -59.937 -13.239 Td [(THE)-264(CIRCLE)-264(OF)-264(THE)-264(YOUNGER)-264(PLINY)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -46.195 -13.968 Td [(The)-586(contrast)-586(between)-586(the)-586(pictures)-586(of)-586(society)-586(in)-587(Juvenal)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(and)-390(in)-390(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 55.784 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(They)-390(belonged)-390(to)-389(different)-390(worlds)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.161 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(They)-390(were)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 66 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 67 0 R /Resources 65 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 40 0 R /Annots [ 64 0 R ] >> endobj 64 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [337.813 136.001 354.177 145.721] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg100) >> >> endobj 65 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 71 0 obj << /Length 8552 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-20834(xiii)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(also)-640(of)-640(very)-640(different)-640(temperaments)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 172.738 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Moral)-640(contrasts)-640(side)]TJ -183.647 -13.549 Td [(by)-572(side)-572(in)-572(every)-571(age)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 101.295 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(There)-572(were)-572(puritan)-571(homes)-572(in)-572(Italy,)]TJ -112.204 -13.549 Td [(even)-577(in)-577(the)-577(worst)-577(days)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.832 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Influence)-577(of)-577(old)-577(Roman)-577(tradition)]TJ -122.741 -13.549 Td [(and)-628(country)-627(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 77.316 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-628(circle)-627(at)-628(Como)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.282 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-628(youth)-627(and)]TJ -222.089 -13.55 Td [(early)-566(training)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.918 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Character)-566(of)-565(the)-566(Elder)-566(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 136.177 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-566(immense)]TJ -219.913 -13.549 Td [(industry)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.76 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Retreats)-529(of)-529(old)-529(Roman)-529(virtue)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.825 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-529(character)-529(and)]TJ -196.403 -13.549 Td [(reforms)-668(of)-668(Vespasian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.428 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-668(endowment)-668(of)-668(education)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 139.42 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(moral)-270(influence)-270(of)-271(Quintilian)-270(on)-270(Roman)-270(youth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 204.341 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-270(student)]TJ -241.923 -13.549 Td [(friends)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.295 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-342(relations)-343(with)-342(the)-342(Stoic)-343(circle)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 150.782 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-342(reverence)-343(for)]TJ -202.895 -13.55 Td [(Fannia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.695 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-310(career)-309(at)-310(the)-309(Bar)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.263 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-310(idealises)-309(the)-310(practice)-309(in)-310(the)]TJ -143.776 -13.549 Td [(Centumviral)-400(court)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 81.329 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Career)-400(of)-400(M.)-400(Aquilius)-401(Regulus,)-437(the)-400(great)]TJ -92.238 -13.549 Td [(delator)-483(and)-483(advocate)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.351 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-483(passion)-482(for)-483(fame)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.296 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-483(crowd)]TJ -231.139 -13.549 Td [(of)-524(literary)-525(amateurs)-524(in)-524(his)-525(day)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.546 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Pliny)-524(and)-525(Martial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.349 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(relation)-382(to)-383(the)-382(literary)-383(movement)-382(of)-383(his)-382(time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.127 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-382(admiration)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.988 0 Td [([xii])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(for)-300(Cicero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.08 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-300(reverence)-301(for)-300(Greece)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 110.977 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-300(once)-301(wrote)-300(a)-300(Greek)]TJ -177.875 -13.549 Td [(tragedy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.717 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-306(apology)-306(for)-307(his)-306(loose)-306(verses)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 142.744 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-306(ambition)-306(as)-307(an)]TJ -197.279 -13.549 Td [(orator,)-251(and)-251(canons)-251(of)-251(oratorical)-251(style)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 160.019 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-251(Letters)-251(compared)]TJ -197.601 -13.549 Td [(with)-580(Cicero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.811 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 4.244 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-580(merits)-581(and)-580(fame)-580(of)-581(the)-580(Letters)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 172.495 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)]TJ -257.001 -13.549 Td [(arrangement)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.524 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(They)-236(are)-235(a)-236(memorial)-235(of)-236(the)-236(social)-235(life)-236(and)-235(literary)]TJ -65.433 -13.55 Td [(tone)-525(of)-525(the)-524(time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 77.775 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-525(character)-525(of)-524(Silius)-525(Italicus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.899 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Literary)]TJ -245.492 -13.549 Td [(coteries)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.928 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-423(friendship)-423(with)-423(Suetonius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.753 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-423(devotion)-423(of)]TJ -207.171 -13.549 Td [(literary)-501(amateurs)-501(to)-500(poetic)-501(composition)-501(and)-501(its)-500(causes)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(influence)-369(of)-369(the)-368(great)-369(Augustan)-369(models)-369(read)-369(at)-368(school)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 245.47 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Signs)]TJ -256.379 -13.549 Td [(of)-702(decay)-703(in)-702(literature)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 105.385 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-702(growing)-703(love)-702(of)-703(the)-702(archaic)]TJ -116.294 -13.55 Td [(style)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 20.608 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Immense)-199(literary)-199(ambition)-199(of)-199(the)-199(time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 162.963 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Attempts)-199(of)-199(Nero)]TJ -205.389 -13.549 Td [(and)-306(Domitian)-306(to)-306(satisfy)-306(it)-306(by)-306(public)-306(literary)-305(competitions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(plague)-417(of)-417(recitations)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.72 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)-417(believes)-417(in)-418(the)-417(duty)-417(of)-417(attending)]TJ -103.629 -13.549 Td [(them)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-299(weariness)-300(and)-299(emptiness)-300(of)-299(life)-300(in)-299(the)-299(capital)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 220.03 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(charm)-626(of)-625(the)-626(country)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.484 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Roman)-626(country)-625(seats)-626(on)-626(the)-625(Anio)]TJ -114.393 -13.549 Td [(or)-445(the)-446(Laurentine)-445(and)-445(Campanian)-446(shores)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 187.282 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-445(sites)-446(of)-445(these)]TJ -198.191 -13.55 Td [(villas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.64 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-321(furniture)-321(and)-321(decorations)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.353 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Doubtful)-321(appreciation)]TJ -183.811 -13.549 Td [(of)-709(works)-709(of)-710(art)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.555 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-709(gardens)-709(of)-710(the)-709(villa)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 123.651 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-709(routine)]TJ -225.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-649(a)-650(country)-649(gentleman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.959 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-649(day)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.081 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-649(financial)-650(management)]TJ -155.581 -13.549 Td [(of)-565(an)-566(estate)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.562 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Difficulties)-565(with)-566(tenants)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 112.328 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-565(kindness)-566(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 70 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 71 0 R /Resources 69 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 73 0 R >> endobj 72 0 obj << /D [70 0 R /XYZ 280.132 342.036 null] >> endobj 69 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 77 0 obj << /Length 7311 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xiv)-5893(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(freedmen)-603(and)-604(slaves)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.773 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-603(darker)-604(side)-603(of)-604(slavery)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 129.323 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Murder)]TJ -247.914 -13.549 Td [(of)-699(a)-699(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.267 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-699(views)-699(on)-699(suicide)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.387 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Tragedies)-699(in)-699(his)]TJ -201.145 -13.549 Td [(circle)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.229 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-547(charity)-547(and)-547(optimism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.415 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-547(solidarity)-547(of)-547(the)]TJ -182.135 -13.549 Td [(aristocratic)-488(class)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 75.002 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)-488(thinks)-488(it)-488(a)-489(duty)-488(to)-488(assist)-488(the)-488(career)]TJ -85.911 -13.55 Td [(of)-445(promising)-445(youth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.896 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-445(women)-445(of)-445(his)-445(circle)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 114.548 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-445(love)-445(for)]TJ -224.262 -13.549 Td [(Calpurnia)-422(and)-421(his)-421(love)-422(letters)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.349 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-421(charity)-422(and)-421(humanitarian)]TJ -146.258 -13.549 Td [(sentiment)-301(of)-302(the)-301(age)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.851 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Bene)-301(fac,)-315(hoc)-301(tecum)-302(feres)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 114.171 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-301(wealthy)]TJ -225.84 -13.549 Td [(recognise)-677(the)-677(duties)-677(of)-677(wealth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 148.905 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Charitable)-677(foundations)-677(of)]TJ -159.814 -13.549 Td [(the)-673(emperors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.265 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-673(lavish)-673(generosity,)-779(both)-673(private)-672(and)]TJ -98.847 -13.55 Td [(public)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.273 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-412(he)-411(is)-412(only)-412(a)-411(shining)-412(example)-411(among)-412(a)-412(crowd)-411(of)]TJ -38.182 -13.549 Td [(similar)-250(benefactors)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Antonine)-250(age)]TJ 215.424 -14.958 Td [(Pages)-311(141-195)]TJ -99.15 -14.959 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(II)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -9.16 -14.231 Td [(MUNICIPAL)-279(LIFE)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -95.159 -14.958 Td [(Little)-204(known)-204(of)-204(country)-204(town)-204(life)-204(from)-204(Roman)-204(literature)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 242.013 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(the)-735(love)-736(of)-735(the)-735(country)-736(was)-735(strong)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 180.228 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)-735(relief)-735(from)-736(the)]TJ -191.137 -13.55 Td [(strain)-476(of)-476(the)-476(capital,)-533(which,)-533(however,)-532(always)-476(maintained)-476(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attraction)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.204 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-159(Empire)-158(a)-159(realm)-158(of)-159(cities)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.529 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Immense)-159(development)]TJ -182.551 -13.549 Td [(of)-859(urban)-858(life)-859(in)-859(the)-859(first)-858(two)-859(centuries)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 209.182 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-859(rise)-858(of)]TJ -220.091 -13.549 Td [(Thamugadi)-307(in)-306(Numidia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.052 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Great)-307(tolerance)-306(of)-307(municipal)-307(freedom)]TJ -113.962 -13.549 Td [(under)-600(the)-599(early)-600(Empire)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.722 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-600(there)-599(was)-600(a)-600(general)-600(drift)-599(to)]TJ -122.631 -13.55 Td [(uniformity)-316(of)-316(organisation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 116.587 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Influence)-316(of)-316(the)-316(capital)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.039 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-316(rage)]TJ -241.444 -13.549 Td [(for)-612(travel)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.24 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Travelling)-612(became)-613(easy)-612(and)-612(luxurious)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 181.834 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Posting)]TJ -247.892 -13.549 Td [(facilities)-914(on)-913(the)-914(great)-914(roads)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 147.115 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-914(speed)-913(of)-914(travelling)]TJ -158.024 -13.549 Td [(by)-723(land)-723(and)-723(sea)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.042 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Growth)-723(of)-723(towns)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 84.252 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Many)-723(sprang)-723(from)]TJ -189.112 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 20.131 0 Td [(canabae)-623(legionis)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.308 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(History)-623(of)-624(Lambesi)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.984 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Aristocratic)-623(or)]TJ -213.241 -13.549 Td [(timocratic)-159(character)-158(of)-159(municipal)-158(organisation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.785 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Illustrated)-159(by)-158(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -208.694 -13.55 Td [(album)-330(Canusii)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.819 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-330(sharp)-329(demarcation)-330(of)-330(social)-330(grades)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 175.513 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet,)]TJ -262.15 -13.549 Td [(in)-678(the)-678(first)-678(century,)-785(the)-678(Commons)-678(had)-678(still)-678(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.262 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Examples)-190(from)-190(Pompeii)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.751 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-190(magistracies)-190(and)-190(popular)]TJ -153.831 -13.549 Td [(election)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.538 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 19.499 0 Td [(honorarium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 54.659 0 Td [(payable)-232(on)-233(admission)-232(to)-233(office)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 133.152 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(power)-403(of)-404(the)-403(duumvirs)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.093 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Position)-403(of)-404(the)-403(Curia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.627 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-403(mode)-404(of)]TJ -221.54 -13.55 Td [(filling)-492(its)-493(ranks)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.356 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Local)-492(Equites)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 62.94 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-492(origin)-493(and)-492(position)-493(of)]TJ -156.114 -13.549 Td [(the)-310(Augustales)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.196 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-310(organisation)-311(and)-310(their)-310(importance)-311(in)-310(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 76 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 77 0 R /Resources 75 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 73 0 R /Annots [ 74 0 R ] >> endobj 74 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [337.813 365.347 354.177 375.219] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg141) >> >> endobj 75 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 82 0 obj << /Length 7181 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-21168(xv)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Roman)-353(world)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.816 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Municipal)-353(finance)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.8 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Direct)-353(taxation)-352(in)-353(the)-353(first)]TJ -163.435 -13.549 Td [(century)-324(almost)-323(unknown)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.473 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Sources)-323(of)-324(municipal)-323(revenue)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 132.375 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 27.357 0 Td [([xiii])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(objects)-738(of)-737(expenditure)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.59 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Municipal)-738(mismanagement,)-859(as)-738(in)]TJ -118.499 -13.549 Td [(Bithynia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.582 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Signs)-315(of)-316(decay)-315(in)-316(Trajan)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.501 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-315(reign)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.103 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(First)-315(appointment)]TJ -202.637 -13.55 Td [(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 13.346 0 Td [(Curatores)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.247 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Immense)-390(private)-391(munificence)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 132.728 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Examples)-390(from)]TJ -212.139 -13.549 Td [(Pompeii,)-1199(which)-1009(was)-1010(only)-1009(a)-1009(third)-1009(rate)-1009(town)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 244.881 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Other)]TJ -255.79 -13.549 Td [(instances)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.993 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-480(Stertinii)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.357 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Herodes)-480(Atticus,)-537(the)-480(prince)]TJ -153.117 -13.549 Td [(of)-568(benefactors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.563 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Testimony)-568(of)-568(the)-568(Inscriptions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 139.185 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Example)-568(of)]TJ -226.566 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-683(liberality)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.206 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-683(public)-683(works)-684(of)-683(the)-683(Flavian)-683(and)]TJ -94.115 -13.55 Td [(Antonine)-695(Emperors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 90.604 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Feasts)-695(to)-696(the)-695(populace)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.23 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Distributions)]TJ -223.652 -13.549 Td [(of)-481(money,)-538(graduated)-481(according)-481(to)-481(social)-481(rank)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 212.963 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-481(motives)]TJ -223.872 -13.549 Td [(of)-600(this)-599(munificence)-599(were)-600(mixed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 153.403 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-600(a)-599(high)-600(ideal)-599(of)-599(the)]TJ -164.312 -13.549 Td [(duties)-564(of)-565(wealth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.546 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-564(better)-565(side)-564(of)-564(municipal)-565(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.426 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Local)]TJ -255.79 -13.549 Td [(patriotism)-548(and)-549(general)-548(kindly)-548(feeling)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 174.211 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(But)-548(there)-549(is)-548(another)]TJ -185.121 -13.55 Td [(side)-458(to)-457(the)-458(picture)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 84.665 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Immense)-458(passion)-457(for)-458(amusement,)-509(which)]TJ -95.574 -13.549 Td [(was)-707(often)-708(debasing)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.597 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Games)-707(and)-708(spectacles)-707(on)-707(135)-708(days)]TJ -104.506 -13.549 Td [(in)-702(the)-703(year)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 55.916 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Description)-702(of)-703(a)-702(scene)-702(in)-703(the)-702(amphitheatre)]TJ -66.825 -13.549 Td [(in)-1056(the)-1056(Antonine)-1057(age)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 112.132 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Passion)-1056(for)-1056(gladiatorial)-1057(shows)]TJ -123.041 -13.549 Td [(especially)-483(in)-482(Campania)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 106.878 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Remains)-483(of)-482(gladiatorial)-483(barracks)-482(at)]TJ -117.787 -13.55 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.371 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Advertisements)-523(of)-523(games)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 116.845 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Pictures)-523(on)-523(tombs)-523(and)]TJ -175.034 -13.549 Td [(on)-445(the)-445(walls)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.974 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-445(shows)-445(in)-444(small)-445(country)-445(towns)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 160.015 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Shows)-445(at)]TJ -238.807 -13.549 Td [(Cremona)-494(a)-495(few)-494(days)-494(after)-495(the)-494(battle)-494(of)-494(Bedriacum)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 238.837 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Greece)]TJ -249.746 -13.549 Td [(was)-862(little)-862(infected)-861(with)-862(the)-862(taste)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 171.84 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-862(feeling)-862(of)-861(the)]TJ -182.749 -13.549 Td [(philosophers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 55.756 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Statistics)-818(as)-818(to)-818(the)-818(cost)-818(of)-818(a)-817(gladiatorial)]TJ -66.665 -13.55 Td [(show)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.029 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-509(the)-509(ranks)-509(of)-509(the)-509(profession)-509(were)-509(recruited)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 224.874 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)]TJ -269.721 -13.549 Td [(attractions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.447 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Organisation)-807(of)-807(the)-807(gladiatorial)-806(schools)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.401 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(gladiator)-757(in)-757(retirement)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 108.624 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-757(municipal)-757(benefactors)-757(were)]TJ -119.533 -13.549 Td [(honoured)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.204 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Municipal)-473(life)-473(begins)-473(to)-473(lose)-473(it)1(s)-473(attractions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 200.644 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(causes)-501(of)-500(this)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.246 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Plutarch)-501(on)-500(municipal)-501(duty)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.686 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-501(growth)-500(of)]TJ -212.751 -13.549 Td [(centralisation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.778 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-250(beginning)-250(of)-250(the)-250(end)]TJ 145.736 -14.959 Td [(Pages)-311(196-250)]TJ -100.962 -14.958 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(III)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -53.11 -14.231 Td [(THE)-265(COLLEGES)-265(AND)-265(PLEBEIAN)-264(LIFE)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -49.396 -14.959 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 28.51 0 Td [(plebs)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 34.574 0 Td [(of)-1058(the)-1059(municipal)-1058(town)-1058(chiefly)-1059(known)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 81 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 82 0 R /Resources 80 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 73 0 R /Annots [ 79 0 R ] >> endobj 79 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.041 107.912 307.405 117.785] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg196) >> >> endobj 83 0 obj << /D [81 0 R /XYZ 265.001 504.626 null] >> endobj 80 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 87 0 obj << /Length 7954 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xvi)-5893(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(from)-1103(the)-1103(Inscriptions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 110.118 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Great)-1103(development)-1103(of)-1103(a)-1103(free)]TJ -121.027 -13.549 Td [(proletariat)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.837 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-381(effects)-380(of)-381(manumission)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 125.773 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-381(artisan)-380(class)-381(in)]TJ -192.428 -13.549 Td [(the)-510(Inscriptions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.406 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Their)-510(pride)-510(in)-510(their)-510(callings)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.719 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Emblems)-510(on)]TJ -222.944 -13.549 Td [(their)-343(tombs)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.412 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Early)-343(history)-343(of)-343(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 91.323 0 Td [(Collegia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.582 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Rigorous)-343(restraint)]TJ -201.135 -13.55 Td [(of)-452(their)-452(formation)-452(by)-452(Julius)-452(and)-452(Augustus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 195.036 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-452(evidence)-452(of)]TJ -205.945 -13.549 Td [(Gaius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.451 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Dangers)-325(from)-325(the)-325(colleges)-325(not)-325(imaginary)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 182.546 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Troubles)-325(in)]TJ -229.815 -13.549 Td [(the)-421(reign)-420(of)-421(Aurelian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.769 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-420(the)-421(great)-420(movement)-421(could)-420(not)-421(be)]TJ -107.678 -13.549 Td [(checked)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.738 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-358(means)-358(of)-359(evading)-358(the)-358(law)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.083 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Extended)-358(liberty)-358(in)]TJ -194.64 -13.549 Td [(reigns)-220(of)-220(M.)-219(Aurelius)-220(and)-220(Alexander)-220(Severus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 195.86 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-220(social)-220(forces)]TJ -206.769 -13.55 Td [(behind)-195(the)-195(movement)-196(of)-195(combination)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 161.233 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-195(wish)-195(for)-196(funeral)-195(rites)]TJ -172.142 -13.549 Td [(and)-424(lasting)-423(remembrance)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.459 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Evidence)-424(of)-423(the)-424(Inscriptions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.389 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(horror)-566(of)-566(loneliness)-566(in)-566(death)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 136.803 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-566(funerary)-566(colleges)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.012 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(That)]TJ -260.634 -13.549 Td [(of)-408(Lanuvium)-408(shows)-407(how)-408(the)-408(privilege)-408(granted)-408(to)-408(them)-407(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-390(extended)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.931 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Any)-390(college)-389(might)-390(claim)-390(i)1(t)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 123.06 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Description)-390(of)-389(the)]TJ -198.809 -13.55 Td [(college)-612(at)-613(Lanuvium)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.592 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-613(foundation)-612(deed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.138 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-613(fees)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.209 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(grants)-390(for)-390(burial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.34 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-390(college)-390(of)-390(Aesculapius)-390(and)-390(Hygia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 174.563 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)]TJ -269.721 -13.549 Td [(organisation)-844(for)-843(other)-844(objects)-843(than)-844(burial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 210.227 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Any)-844(college)]TJ -221.136 -13.549 Td [(might)-548(assume)-547(a)-548(quasi-religious)-547(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 191.13 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-548(influence)-547(of)]TJ -202.039 -13.549 Td [(religion)-540(on)-541(all)-540(ancient)-541(social)-540(organisation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.128 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-541(colleges)-540(of)]TJ -207.037 -13.55 Td [(traders)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.684 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Wandering)-568(merchants)-569(organise)-568(themselves)-568(all)-568(over)]TJ -40.593 -13.549 Td [(the)-429(world)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.462 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(And)-429(old)-429(soldiers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.026 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Colleges)-429(of)-429(youth)-429(for)-429(sporting)]TJ -141.307 -13.549 Td [(purposes)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 38.782 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Every)-525(branch)-525(of)-524(industry)-525(was)-525(organised)-525(in)-524(these)]TJ -49.691 -13.549 Td [(societies)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.571 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Evidence)-595(from)-594(Ostia,)-681(Lyons,)-681(and)-595(Rome,)-681(in)-594(the)]TJ -48.48 -13.549 Td [(Inscriptions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.513 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Clubs)-449(of)-448(slaves)-449(in)-449(great)-448(houses,)-498(and)-449(in)-449(that)-448(of)]TJ -62.422 -13.55 Td [(the)-594(Emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.983 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(They)-594(were)-594(encouraged)-594(by)-594(the)-594(masters)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.865 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -336.422 0 Td [([xiv])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(organisation)-198(of)-199(the)-198(college)-198(was)-198(modelled)-199(on)-198(the)-198(city)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 223.332 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-198(officers)]TJ -234.241 -13.549 Td [(bear)-596(the)-597(names)-596(of)-596(republican)-597(magistrates)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.331 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-596(number)-597(of)]TJ -208.24 -13.549 Td [(members)-175(limited)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.82 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Periodical)-175(revision)-175(of)-176(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 109.449 0 Td [(Album)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.484 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Even)-175(in)-175(the)]TJ -232.571 -13.549 Td [(plebeian)-326(colleges)-327(the)-326(gradation)-327(of)-326(rank)-327(was)-326(observed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 236.993 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Patrons)]TJ -247.902 -13.549 Td [(carefully)-190(sought)-191(for)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 84.741 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Meeting-place)-191(of)-190(the)-190(college)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 123.169 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Description)]TJ -229.728 -13.55 Td [(of)-501(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 33.351 0 Td [(Schola)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.694 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Sacred)-501(associations)-501(gathered)-501(round)-501(it)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 173.348 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Even)]TJ -258.212 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(poorest)-365(made)-365(presents)-365(to)-365(decorate)-365(it)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 180.221 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-365(poor)-365(college)-365(of)]TJ -191.13 -13.549 Td [(Silvanus)-348(at)-347(Philippi)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.601 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(But)-348(the)-347(colleges)-348(relied)-347(on)-348(the)-347(generosity)]TJ -98.51 -13.549 Td [(of)-247(patrons)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.899 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-247(varying)-247(social)-247(rank)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.878 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Election)-247(of)-247(a)-247(patron)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.249 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 86 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 87 0 R /Resources 85 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 73 0 R >> endobj 88 0 obj << /D [86 0 R /XYZ 219.011 192.994 null] >> endobj 85 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 92 0 obj << /Length 6251 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-20612(xvii)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(man)-433(might)-433(be)-433(a)-432(patron)-433(of)-433(many)-433(colleges)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 189.39 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-433(college)-433(often)]TJ -200.3 -13.549 Td [(received)-365(bequests)-365(to)-365(guard)-365(a)-365(tomb,)-394(and)-365(perform)-365(funerary)-365(rites)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-320(ever)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.989 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-320(common)-321(feasts)-320(of)-320(the)-321(colleges)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.624 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-320(division)-321(of)]TJ -212.431 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 18.11 0 Td [(sportula)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.15 0 Td [(by)-438(ranks)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.317 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Regulations)-438(as)-438(to)-438(decorum)-438(at)-438(college)]TJ -109.486 -13.55 Td [(meetings)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.393 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-423(college)-423(modelled)-423(on)-423(the)-423(family)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.874 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mommsen)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.669 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(opinion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.339 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Fraternal)-442(feeling)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.503 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-442(slave)-443(in)-442(the)-443(college,)-490(for)-443(the)]TJ -129.66 -13.549 Td [(time,)-403(treated)-373(as)-373(an)-372(equal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.416 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-373(the)-372(difference)-373(of)-372(rank,)-404(even)-372(in)]TJ -122.325 -13.549 Td [(the)-328(colleges,)-347(was)-328(probably)-328(never)-328(forgotten)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 189.87 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Were)-328(the)-328(colleges)]TJ -200.779 -13.549 Td [(really)-543(charitable)-544(foundations?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 136.066 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-543(military)-544(colleges)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 99.117 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)]TJ -257.001 -13.55 Td [(object,)-417(not)-383(only)-383(to)-383(provide)-384(due)-383(burial,)-416(but)-384(to)-383(assist)-383(an)-383(officer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throughout)-223(his)-224(career)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.124 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-223(extinction)-224(of)-223(a)-223(college)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 115.783 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-223(college)]TJ -229.725 -13.549 Td [(at)-452(Alburnus)-452(in)-453(Dacia)-452(vanishes)-452(probably)-452(in)-452(the)-452(Marcomannic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(invasion)]TJ 215.424 -13.967 Td [(Pages)-311(251-286)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -96.184 -17.514 Td [(BOOK)-282(III)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -1.152 -13.968 Td [(CHAPTER)-282(I)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -40.754 -13.239 Td [(THE)-270(PHILOSOPHIC)-269(DIRECTOR)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -65.378 -13.968 Td [(The)-940(great)-941(change)-940(in)-941(the)-940(motive)-941(and)-940(character)-940(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.491 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-228(schools)-228(forsook)-227(metaphysical)-228(speculation,)-232(and)]TJ -59.4 -13.549 Td [(devoted)-366(themselves)-366(to)-366(the)-366(cultivation)-366(of)-366(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 224.524 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Why)-366(faith)]TJ -235.433 -13.549 Td [(in)-449(abstract)-449(thought)-449(declined,)-499(and)-449(the)-449(conduct)-449(of)-448(life)-449(became)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all)-529(important)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.101 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-529(effect)-528(of)-529(the)-528(loss)-529(of)-528(free)-529(civic)-528(life)-529(and)]TJ -70.01 -13.549 Td [(the)-557(establishment)-556(of)-557(world-empires)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.259 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-557(commonwealth)-556(of)]TJ -175.168 -13.549 Td [(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.786 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-594(great)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 51.725 0 Td [(ars)-594(vivendi)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.924 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Spiritual)-594(directors)-594(before)-593(the)]TJ -144.253 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-493(times)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.379 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(They)-493(are)-493(found)-493(in)-493(every)-493(great)-493(family)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 176.469 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(power)-600(of)-599(Seneca)-600(as)-599(a)-600(private)-600(director)-599(of)-600(souls)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 229.242 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-600(his)]TJ -240.151 -13.549 Td [(career)-515(and)-516(experience)-515(prepared)-516(him)-515(for)-516(the)-515(office)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 235.625 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-515(had)]TJ -246.534 -13.55 Td [(seen)-356(the)-357(inner)-356(life)-357(of)-356(the)-357(time,)-383(its)-356(sensuality,)-383(degradation,)-383(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remorse)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.138 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-365(was)-365(himself)-365(an)-365(ascetic,)-394(living)-365(in)-365(a)-364(palace)-365(which)]TJ -46.047 -13.549 Td [(excited)-474(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.481 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-474(envy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.619 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-474(experience)-473(excited)-474(an)-474(evangelistic)]TJ -103.642 -13.549 Td [(passion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.727 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(His)-514(conception)-515(of)-514(philosophy)-515(as)-514(the)-515(art)-514(of)-514(saving)]TJ -43.637 -13.549 Td [(souls)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.429 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-242(contempt)-242(for)-241(unpractical)-242(speculation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.185 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-242(he)-241(values)]TJ -221.432 -13.55 Td [(Physics)-623(for)-622(its)-623(moral)-623(effect)-622(in)-623(elevating)-623(the)-622(mind)-623(to)-622(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(region)-493(of)-493(eternal)-492(truth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.378 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Curious)-493(examples)-493(of)-492(physical)-493(study)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 91 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 92 0 R /Resources 90 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 73 0 R /Annots [ 89 0 R ] >> endobj 89 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.041 339.239 307.405 349.112] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg251) >> >> endobj 90 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 96 0 obj << /Length 8136 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xviii)-5337(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(for)-417(moral)-418(ends)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.275 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-417(pessimism)-418(of)-417(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 116.676 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-417(causes)-418(in)-417(the)]TJ -205.769 -13.549 Td [(inner)-612(secrets)-611(of)-612(his)-611(class)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.813 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-612(is)-611(a)-612(lost)-611(world)-612(which)-611(must)]TJ -132.722 -13.549 Td [(be)-461(saved)-462(by)-461(every)-461(effort)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 114.637 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Stoicism)-461(becomes)-462(transfigured)-461(by)]TJ -125.546 -13.549 Td [(moral)-343(enthusiasm)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.286 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Yet)-343(can)-343(philosophic)-344(religion)-343(dispense)-343(with)]TJ -89.196 -13.55 Td [(dogma?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.538 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Empirical)-483(rules)-482(of)-483(conduct)-483(are)-483(not)-482(enough)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 198.833 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(There)]TJ -255.19 -13.549 Td [(must)-730(be)-730(true)-730(theory)-730(of)-730(conduct)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 159.793 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Seneca)-730(not)-730(a)-730(rigorous)]TJ -170.702 -13.549 Td [(dogmatist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.037 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-512(varying)-512(conceptions)-512(of)-512(God)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 150.802 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Often)-512(mingles)]TJ -215.657 -13.549 Td [(Platonic)-313(conceptions)-312(with)-313(old)-313(Stoic)-312(doctrine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.444 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(But)-313(all)-312(old)-313(Stoic)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -280.109 0 Td [([xv])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(doctrine)-626(can)-626(be)-625(found)-626(in)-626(him)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.237 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.752 0 Td [(The)-626(kingdom)-626(of)-625(Heaven)]TJ -161.989 -13.55 Td [(is)-646(within)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.206 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Freedom)-646(is)-646(found)-646(in)-646(renunciation,)-745(submission)]TJ -57.959 -13.549 Td [(to)-522(the)-522(Universal)-522(Reason)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.43 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Whence)-522(comes)-522(the)-522(force)-522(of)-522(self-)]TJ -124.34 -13.549 Td [(reform?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.527 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-455(problem)-455(of)-455(freedom)-455(and)-455(necessity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 179.327 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-455(man)]TJ -235.673 -13.549 Td [(may)-668(attain)-667(to)-668(moral)-667(freedom)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 142.442 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-668(struggle)-667(to)-668(recover)-667(a)]TJ -153.351 -13.549 Td [(primeval)-334(virtue)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.877 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Modifications)-334(of)-334(old)-334(Stoic)-334(theory)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 149.12 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-334(ideal)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -238.815 -13.55 Td [(sapiens)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.727 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Instantaneous)-682(conversion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 115.302 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Ideas)-682(fatal)-683(to)-682(practical)]TJ -169.847 -13.549 Td [(moral)-496(reform)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.545 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(For)-496(practical)-496(purposes,)-557(Stoic)-496(theory)-496(must)-496(be)]TJ -71.455 -13.549 Td [(modified)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.393 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 18.965 0 Td [(sapiens)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 34.729 0 Td [(a)-183(mythical)-184(figure)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.08 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(There)-183(may)-184(be)-183(various)]TJ -187.985 -13.549 Td [(stages)-423(of)-424(moral)-423(progress)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 112.02 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Aristotelian)-423(ideas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.55 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Seneca)-424(himself)]TJ -212.388 -13.549 Td [(far)-567(from)-568(the)-567(ideal)-567(of)-568(the)-567(Stoic)-567(sage)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 175.411 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-567(men)-568(for)-567(whom)]TJ -186.321 -13.55 Td [(Seneca)-659(is)-658(providing)-659(counsel)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.477 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-659(their)-658(weaknesses)-659(have)]TJ -146.386 -13.549 Td [(to)-633(be)-632(dealt)-633(with)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.095 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.866 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(ars)-633(vitae)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.829 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.746 0 Td [(develops)-633(into)-632(casuistry)]TJ -172.288 -13.549 Td [(in)-766(the)-766(hands)-766(of)-766(the)-766(director)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.399 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Obstacles)-766(in)-766(the)-766(way)-766(to)]TJ -156.308 -13.549 Td [(the)-771(higher)-770(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.559 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.895 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-771(skill)-770(in)-771(dealing)-770(with)-771(different)]TJ -117.996 -13.549 Td [(cases)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.018 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-327(precepts)-327(for)-327(reform)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.608 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Necessity)-327(of)-327(confession,)-346(self-)]TJ -149.444 -13.55 Td [(examination,)-246(steadiness)-246(of)-245(purpose,)-246(self-denial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 204.023 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Vivere)-245(militare)]TJ -214.932 -13.549 Td [(est)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 12.12 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-347(real)-347(victor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.336 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-347(mind)-347(can)-347(create)-347(its)-347(own)-346(world,)-372(and)]TJ -100.274 -13.549 Td [(triumph)-563(even)-564(over)-563(death)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 116.595 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.895 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-563(not)-564(the)-563(Cynic)-563(ideal)-563(of)]TJ -162.032 -13.549 Td [(moral)-459(isolation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 68.038 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Competing)-459(tendencies)-459(in)-459(Stoicism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 156.236 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Isolated)]TJ -246.092 -13.549 Td [(renunciation)-239(and)-239(social)-239(sympathy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.983 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)-239(citizen)-239(of)-239(two)-239(cities)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.865 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(great)-223(commonwealth)-223(of)-223(humanity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.675 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-223(problem)-223(of)-223(serving)-223(God)]TJ -157.584 -13.55 Td [(and)-198(man)-198(variously)-198(solved)-199(by)-198(the)-198(Stoics)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.508 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.895 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-198(ideas)-198(of)-198(social)]TJ -212.945 -13.549 Td [(duty)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.396 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Social)-473(instinct)-473(innate)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.378 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Duty)-473(of)-473(help,)-528(forgiveness,)-529(and)]TJ -137.592 -13.549 Td [(kindness)-223(to)-223(others)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.197 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-223(example)-223(of)-223(the)-223(Infinite)-223(Goodness)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 163.65 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(brotherhood)-477(of)-477(man)-477(includes)-477(the)-477(slave)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 179.327 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.894 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-477(attitude)-477(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 95 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 96 0 R /Resources 94 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 73 0 R >> endobj 97 0 obj << /D [95 0 R /XYZ 254.238 423.331 null] >> endobj 94 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 101 0 obj << /Length 7697 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-20890(xix)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(slavery)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 31.506 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-302(ideal)-303(of)-302(womanhood)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.281 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Women)-303(may)-302(be)-303(t)1(he)-303(equals)]TJ -162.605 -13.549 Td [(of)-208(men)-208(in)-208(culture)-207(and)-208(virtue)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.196 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-208(greatness)-208(of)-208(Seneca)-207(as)-208(a)-208(moral)]TJ -130.105 -13.549 Td [(teacher)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 31.495 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-305(belongs)-305(to)-305(the)-304(modern)-305(world,)-319(and)-305(was)-305(claimed)-304(by)]TJ -42.404 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(Church)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.175 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)-250(pagan)-250(Thomas)-250(\340)-250(Kempis)]TJ 156.34 -14.959 Td [(Pages)-311(289-333)]TJ -99.15 -14.958 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(II)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -44.948 -14.231 Td [(THE)-268(PHILOSOPHIC)-268(MISSIONARY)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -59.37 -14.959 Td [(Seneca)-559(the)-559(director)-559(of)-559(an)-559(aristocratic)-559(class)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.799 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-559(masses)]TJ -226.664 -13.549 Td [(needed)-483(a)-482(gospel)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.751 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-483(moral)-482(condition)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.823 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-483(Antonine)-482(age)]TJ -197.392 -13.549 Td [(produced)-263(a)-263(great)-263(movement)-263(for)-263(their)-263(moral)-263(elevation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 231.55 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.295 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(attitude)-286(to)-287(the)-286(Cynics)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.222 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(His)-286(kindred)-287(with)-286(them)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 99.065 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Detached)-286(view)]TJ -215.106 -13.55 Td [(of)-243(human)-243(life)-243(and)-242(its)-243(vanity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.905 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Gloomy)-243(view)-243(of)-243(the)-242(moral)-243(state)-243(of)]TJ -130.814 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(masses)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.579 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-306(call)-307(for)-306(popular)-307(evangelism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 141.825 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Can)-306(philosophy)]TJ -211.222 -13.549 Td [(furnish)-501(the)-502(gospel?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 88.501 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.294 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-501(Hermotimus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.258 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-501(quarrels)-502(of)]TJ -208.504 -13.549 Td [(the)-550(schools)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.06 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-550(they)-550(show)-550(real)-551(agreement)-550(on)-550(the)-550(rule)-550(of)]TJ -62.969 -13.549 Td [(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 14.542 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-334(fashionable)-335(sophist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 105.466 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Rhetorical)-334(philosophy)-335(despised)]TJ -141.826 -13.55 Td [(by)-455(more)-454(earnest)-455(minds)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 105.777 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Serious)-455(preaching)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.702 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-455(sermons)-454(of)]TJ -208.298 -13.549 Td [(Apollonius)-668(of)-668(Tyana)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 99.417 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Sudden)-668(conversions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.128 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-668(preaching)]TJ -213.363 -13.549 Td [(of)-543(Musonius,)-617(Plutarch,)-616(and)-543(Maximus)-543(of)-543(Tyre)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 217.738 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-543(mystic)]TJ -228.647 -13.549 Td [(fervour)-295(of)-295(Maximus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 88.839 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-295(view)-295(of)-294(the)-295(Cynic)-295(preacher)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.558 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -263.666 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mendicant)-372(monks)-371(of)-372(paganism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.609 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.294 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-372(caricature)-371(of)-372(their)]TJ -192.133 -13.55 Td [(vices)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Many)-288(vulgar)-288(impostors)-288(adopt)-288(the)-288(profession)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 195.091 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-288(offered)]TJ -239.327 -13.549 Td [(a)-487(tempting)-486(field)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.251 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Why)-487(the)-486(charges)-487(against)-487(the)-486(Cynics)-487(must)]TJ -85.16 -13.549 Td [(be)-706(taken)-707(with)-706(reserve)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.939 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(S.)-706(Augustine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.347 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-707(testimony)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.987 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Causes)]TJ -249.724 -13.549 Td [(of)-695(the)-696(prejudice)-695(against)-696(Cynicism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 166.087 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.294 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-695(treatment)-696(of)]TJ -210.923 -13.549 Td [(Peregrinus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.658 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-381(history)-380(of)-381(Peregrinus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 115.47 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-381(credibility)-380(of)-381(the)]TJ -183.946 -13.549 Td [(charges)-584(which)-584(Lucian)-584(makes)-584(against)-584(him)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.883 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-584(is)-584(about)-584(to)]TJ -208.792 -13.55 Td [(immolate)-547(himself)-547(at)-548(Olympia)-547(when)-547(Lucian)-547(arrives)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 239.426 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Lucian)]TJ -250.335 -13.549 Td [(treats)-355(the)-355(self-martyrdom)-356(as)-355(a)-355(piece)-355(of)-355(theatrical)-355(display)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 253.968 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.146 0 Td [([xvi])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(Peregrinus)-473(may)-473(have)-473(honestly)-473(desired)-473(to)-473(teach)-473(contempt)-473(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.629 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Stoic)-244(suicide)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 55.996 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-244(scene)-244(at)-244(the)-244(pyre)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.429 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-244(last)-244(words)-244(of)]TJ -204.781 -13.549 Td [(Peregrinus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.658 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Lucian)-199(creates)-200(a)-199(myth)-199(and)-200(sees)-199(it)-199(grow)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.485 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Testimony)]TJ -233.961 -13.55 Td [(of)-695(A.)-695(Gellius)-695(as)-696(to)-695(Peregrinus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 153.357 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-695(power)-695(of)-695(the)-696(later)]TJ -164.267 -13.549 Td [(Cynicism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.825 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-712(ideal)-712(Cynic)-712(in)-712(Epictetus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 144.388 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(An)-712(ambassador)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 100 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 101 0 R /Resources 99 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 103 0 R /Annots [ 98 0 R ] >> endobj 98 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.041 460.191 307.405 469.911] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg289) >> >> endobj 102 0 obj << /D [100 0 R /XYZ 211.794 133.888 null] >> endobj 99 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 108 0 obj << /Length 7401 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xx)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-490(God)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.213 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Kindred)-489(of)-490(Cynicism)-489(and)-490(Monasticism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 180.141 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Cultivated)]TJ -235.172 -13.549 Td [(Cynics)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.306 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-233(character)-234(of)-233(Demetrius,)-236(a)-234(leader)-233(of)-233(the)-233(philosophic)]TJ -41.215 -13.549 Td [(opposition)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.069 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Cynic)-490(attitude)-489(to)-489(popular)-490(religion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.901 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Oenomaus)-490(a)]TJ -223.788 -13.549 Td [(pronounced)-335(rationalist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.794 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Disbelief)-335(in)-335(oracles)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.685 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-335(character)-335(of)]TJ -207.297 -13.55 Td [(Demonax)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.415 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-246(great)-246(popular)-246(influence)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 118.933 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Prosecuted)-246(for)-246(neglect)]TJ -183.166 -13.549 Td [(of)-404(religious)-404(observances)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.399 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-404(sharp)-404(sayings)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.326 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Demonstrations)]TJ -211.543 -13.549 Td [(of)-711(reverence)-711(for)-711(him)-711(at)-711(his)-711(death)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 171.945 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-711(career)-711(of)-711(Dion)]TJ -182.854 -13.549 Td [(Chrysostom)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.735 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-656(conversion)-657(during)-656(his)-656(exile)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 154.081 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Becomes)-656(a)]TJ -228.634 -13.549 Td [(preacher)-438(with)-439(a)-438(mission)-439(to)-438(the)-439(Roman)-438(world)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 208.004 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-438(character)]TJ -218.913 -13.55 Td [(of)-228(his)-228(eighty)-228(orations)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.7 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-228(is)-228(the)-228(rhetorical)-228(apostle)-228(of)-228(a)-228(few)-228(great)]TJ -102.609 -13.549 Td [(truths)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.851 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-246(idea)-247(of)-246(philosophy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.968 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-246(pessimism)-247(about)-246(the)-246(moral)]TJ -145.637 -13.549 Td [(state)-279(of)-278(the)-278(world)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.98 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)-278(materialised)-279(civilisation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 115.767 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Warning)-278(to)-279(the)]TJ -214.565 -13.549 Td [(people)-237(of)-237(Tarsus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.421 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Rebukes)-237(the)-237(feuds)-236(of)-237(the)-237(Bithynian)-237(cities)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 178.514 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(A)]TJ -272.754 -13.549 Td [(sermon)-245(at)-245(Olbia)-245(on)-245(the)-245(Black)-245(Sea)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.716 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-245(jealousies)-245(of)-245(the)-245(Asiatic)]TJ -156.625 -13.55 Td [(towns)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.062 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Prusa)-512(and)-513(Apamea)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.519 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Sermon)-512(on)-513(civic)-512(harmony)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.602 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(assails)-397(the)-396(vices)-397(and)-396(frivolity)-397(of)-396(the)-397(Alexandrians)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 226.613 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-397(prose)]TJ -237.522 -13.549 Td [(idyll)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 20.007 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Simple)-286(pastoral)-287(life)-286(in)-286(Euboea)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 133.695 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-286(problems)-287(and)-286(vices)]TJ -175.52 -13.549 Td [(of)-303(city)-303(life)-303(exposed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.656 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Dion)-303(on)-303(true)-303(kingship)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.187 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-303(vision)-303(of)-303(the)]TJ -204.661 -13.549 Td [(Two)-334(Peaks)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.092 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-334(ideal)-334(king)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.855 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-334(sermon)-334(at)-334(Olympia)-334(inspired)]TJ -135.766 -13.55 Td [(by)-251(the)-250(Zeus)-251(of)-250(Pheidias)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.439 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-251(majesty)-250(and)-251(benignity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 110.014 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Sources)-251(of)]TJ -234.271 -13.549 Td [(the)-217(idea)-218(of)-217(God)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.494 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-217(place)-218(of)-217(art)-218(in)-217(religion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 114.864 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Relative)-217(power)-218(of)]TJ -203.177 -13.549 Td [(poetry)-199(and)-199(sculpture)-200(to)-199(express)-199(religious)-199(truth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.649 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Pheidias)-199(defends)]TJ -207.559 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(anthropomorphism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.487 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-250(Zeus)-250(a)-250(God)-250(of)-250(mercy)-250(and)-250(peace)]TJ 106.027 -14.959 Td [(Pages)-311(334-383)]TJ -100.962 -14.958 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(III)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -44.492 -14.231 Td [(THE)-267(PHILOSOPHIC)-268(THEOLOGIAN)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -58.014 -14.958 Td [(The)-373(pagan)-373(revival)-373(and)-372(the)-373(growth)-373(of)-373(superstition)-373(called)-373(for)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(a)-318(theodicy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.884 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Old)-318(Roman)-318(religion)-318(was)-318(still)-318(powerful)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 171.887 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(But)-318(there)]TJ -239.589 -13.549 Td [(was)-522(an)-522(immense)-521(accretion)-522(of)-522(worships)-522(from)-522(the)-521(conquered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(countries)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.993 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(And)-165(an)-166(immense)-165(growth)-166(in)-165(the)-165(belief)-166(in)-165(genii,)-182(dreams,)]TJ -50.902 -13.549 Td [(omens,)-343(and)-324(oracles)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.13 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-324(amid)-324(the)-324(apparent)-324(chaos,)-343(there)-324(was)-324(a)]TJ -96.039 -13.549 Td [(tendency,)-275(in)-270(the)-271(higher)-270(minds,)-275(to)-270(monotheism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 201.426 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-270(craving)-270(for)]TJ -212.335 -13.55 Td [(a)-417(moral)-417(God)-417(in)-418(sympathy)-417(with)-417(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.479 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-417(ideas)-417(of)-418(Apul)1(eius,)]TJ -176.388 -13.549 Td [(Epictetus,)-377(M.)-352(Aurelius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 101.279 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-352(change)-352(in)-351(the)-352(conception)-352(of)-352(God)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 107 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 108 0 R /Resources 106 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 103 0 R /Annots [ 105 0 R ] >> endobj 105 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [337.813 202.756 354.177 212.476] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg334) >> >> endobj 106 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 112 0 obj << /Length 7374 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-20890(xxi)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(among)-495(the)-494(later)-495(Stoics)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 105.267 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(God)-495(no)-494(longer)-495(mere)-494(Force)-494(or)-495(Fate)]TJ -116.176 -13.549 Td [(or)-362(impersonal)-362(Reason)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.578 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-362(is)-362(a)-361(Father)-362(and)-362(Providence,)-390(giving)]TJ -108.487 -13.549 Td [(moral)-494(support)-493(and)-494(comfort)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.626 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-494(attitude)-493(of)-494(the)-494(later)-493(Stoics)]TJ -135.535 -13.549 Td [(to)-399(external)-400(worship)-399(and)-399(anthropomorphic)-399(imagery)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 227.195 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-399(was)]TJ -238.104 -13.55 Td [(the)-480(ancient)-480(worship)-480(to)-480(be)-480(reconciled)-480(with)-480(purer)-480(conceptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-764(the)-764(Divine?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.626 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(God)-764(being)-764(so)-764(remote,)-892(philosophy)-764(may)]TJ -84.535 -13.549 Td [(discover)-513(spiritual)-513(help)-513(in)-512(all)-513(the)-513(religions)-513(of)-513(the)-512(past)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(history)-626(of)-626(Neo-Pythagoreanism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.159 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Apollonius)-626(of)-626(Tyana)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.5 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(attitude)-211(to)-212(mythology)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.105 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-211(mysticism)-212(and)-211(ritualism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.471 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.55 Td [(associations)-927(and)-927(early)-926(history)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 150.919 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-927(devotion)-926(to)-927(Greek)]TJ -161.828 -13.549 Td [(tradition)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.971 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-417(social)-418(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.253 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-417(Lives)-418(of)-417(the)-418(great)-417(Greeks)-418(and)]TJ -123.042 -13.549 Td [(Romans)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.76 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-292(is)-293(a)-292(moralist)-293(rather)-292(than)-293(a)-292(pure)-292(philosopher)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.088 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(tendency)-396(of)-395(philosophy)-396(in)-395(his)-396(day)-396(was)-395(towards)-396(the)-395(formation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-381(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.214 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-381(eclecticism)-381(of)-381(the)-381(time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.479 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-381(attitude)]TJ -239.504 -13.55 Td [(to)-746(Platonism)-746(and)-747(Stoicism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.501 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-746(own)-746(moral)-747(system)-746(was)]TJ -141.41 -13.549 Td [(drawn)-541(from)-540(various)-541(schools)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.006 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Precepts)-541(for)-540(the)-541(formation)-541(of)]TJ -141.915 -13.549 Td [(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.971 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Plutarch)-168(on)-168(freedom)-168(and)-168(necessity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.698 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-168(contempt)-168(for)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.537 0 Td [([xvii])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(rhetorical)-312(philosophy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.697 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Plutarch)-312(on)-312(Tranquillity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 106.197 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-312(to)-312(grow)]TJ -221.712 -13.549 Td [(daily)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-299(pathos)-300(of)-299(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.876 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-299(need)-300(for)-299(a)-300(higher)-299(vision)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.002 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)]TJ -259.423 -13.55 Td [(to)-315(reconcile)-316(the)-315(God)-315(of)-315(philosophy)-316(with)-315(the)-315(ancient)-315(mythology)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-538(the)-538(great)-538(problem)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 106.071 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.359 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-538(conception)-538(of)-538(God)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.595 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(cosmology)-215(mainly)-215(that)-214(of)-215(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 128.682 0 Td [(Timaeus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.971 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-215(opposition)-215(between)]TJ -176.562 -13.549 Td [(the)-302(philosophic)-301(idea)-302(of)-301(God)-302(and)-301(the)-302(belief)-301(of)-302(the)-301(crowd)-302(was)-301(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-273(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.671 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-273(great)-273(political)-273(and)-272(spiritual)-273(changes)-273(had)-273(made)-273(it)-273(a)]TJ -43.58 -13.55 Td [(more)-278(urgent)-279(question)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.338 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-278(theology)-279(of)-278(Maximus)-279(of)-278(Tyre)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 150.321 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(pure)-476(conception)-477(of)-476(God,)-534(combined)-476(with)-476(tolerance)-477(of)-476(legend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-375(symbolism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.735 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Myth)-375(not)-375(to)-375(be)-375(discarded,)-406(but)-375(interpreted)-375(by)]TJ -78.644 -13.549 Td [(philosophy,)-386(to)-359(discover)-358(the)-359(kernel)-359(of)-358(truth)-359(which)-359(is)-358(reverently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(veiled)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.662 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-529(effort)-528(illustrated)-529(by)-528(the)-529(treatise)-528(of)-529(Plutarch)-528(on)]TJ -37.571 -13.549 Td [(Isis)-334(and)-334(Osiris)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.256 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-334(theory)-334(of)-334(Evil)-334(and)-334(daemonic)-334(powers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.592 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(Platonist)-445(daemonology)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.439 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-445(history)-445(of)-446(daemons)-445(traced)-445(from)]TJ -113.348 -13.549 Td [(Hesiod)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.905 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-158(conception)-158(of)-159(daemons)-158(justified)-158(by)-158(Maximus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 210.942 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(daemonology)-603(of)-603(the)-603(early)-603(Greek)-603(philosophers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 218.916 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-603(nature)]TJ -229.825 -13.549 Td [(of)-620(daemons)-620(as)-620(conceived)-620(by)-620(Maximus)-620(and)-619(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 111 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 112 0 R /Resources 110 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 103 0 R >> endobj 113 0 obj << /D [111 0 R /XYZ 97.651 301.388 null] >> endobj 110 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 117 0 obj << /Length 7143 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xxii)-5615(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(ministering)-453(spirits)-453(of)-453(Maximus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 141.499 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-453(theory)-453(of)-453(bad)-453(daemons)]TJ -152.408 -13.549 Td [(enabled)-167(Plutarch)-168(to)-167(explain)-167(the)-167(grossness)-168(of)-167(myth)-167(and)-167(ritual)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(bad)-358(daemons)-358(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 71.092 0 Td [(damnosa)-358(hereditas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.901 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-358(triumphant)-358(use)-358(made)]TJ -165.902 -13.549 Td [(of)-257(the)-258(theory)-257(by)-258(the)-257(Christian)-258(Apologists)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 178.664 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-257(daemonology)-258(of)]TJ -189.574 -13.55 Td [(Plutarch)-334(was)-334(also)-334(used)-333(to)-334(explain)-334(the)-334(inspiration)-334(or)-334(the)-333(silence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-466(the)-467(ancient)-466(oracles)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.083 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(The)-466(oracles)-467(are)-466(dumb)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 101.294 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Yet)-466(in)-467(the)]TJ -232.883 -13.549 Td [(second)-358(century,)-385(to)-359(some)-358(extent,)-385(Delphi)-358(revived)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 213.09 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Questions)-358(as)]TJ -223.999 -13.549 Td [(to)-374(its)-374(inspiration)-373(debated)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.625 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-374(quality)-374(of)-373(Delphic)-374(verse)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.222 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(theory)-287(of)-286(inspiration)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.883 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Concurrent)-287(causes)-286(of)-287(it)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.086 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-287(daemon)-286(of)]TJ -213.787 -13.55 Td [(the)-230(shrine)-230(may)-229(depart)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.561 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-230(problem)-230(of)-229(inspiration)-230(illustrated)-230(by)]TJ -104.47 -13.549 Td [(a)-404(discussion)-403(on)-404(the)-403(daemon)-404(of)-403(Socrates)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 181.542 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(What)-404(was)-403(it?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.306 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(result)-230(of)-229(the)-230(inquiry)-230(is)-230(that)-229(the)-230(human)-230(spirit,)-234(at)-229(its)-230(best,)-234(is)-230(open)-229(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influences)-250(from)-250(another)-250(world)]TJ 215.424 -13.967 Td [(Pages)-311(384-440)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -96.551 -17.514 Td [(BOOK)-282(IV)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -0.785 -13.968 Td [(CHAPTER)-282(I)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -6.316 -13.239 Td [(SUPERSTITION)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -99.817 -13.968 Td [(Superstition)-177(a)-178(term)-177(of)-177(shifting)-178(meaning)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.245 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-177(treatise)-178(on)]TJ -230.102 -13.549 Td [(Superstition)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.735 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Why)-334(it)-334(is)-334(worse)-334(than)-333(atheism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.536 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Immense)-334(growth)]TJ -206.089 -13.549 Td [(of)-481(superstition)-481(in)-481(the)-480(first)-481(century,)-539(following)-481(on)-481(a)-481(decay)-480(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-247(religion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.572 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Forgotten)-247(rites)-247(and)-246(fallen)-247(temples)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.51 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-247(revival)-247(of)]TJ -218.9 -13.55 Td [(Augustus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.215 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-288(power)-288(of)-288(astrology)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.344 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-288(Emperors)-288(believed)-288(in)]TJ -166.377 -13.549 Td [(it)-493(and)-493(dreaded)-493(it)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.547 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Tiberius)-493(and)-493(Thrasyllus)-493(at)-493(Capreae)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 163.3 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(attitude)-743(of)-743(Nero,)-867(Otho,)-866(and)-743(Vitellius)-743(to)-743(astrology)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(superstition)-556(of)-557(the)-556(Flavian)-556(Emperors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 172.749 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(And)-556(of)-557(Hadrian)-556(and)]TJ -183.659 -13.549 Td [(M.)-330(Aurelius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.599 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-330(superstition)-330(of)-331(the)-330(literary)-330(class)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 161.018 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-330(Elder)]TJ -236.435 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Suetonius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.036 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Tacitus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.117 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-695(wavering)-696(treatment)-695(of)-695(the)]TJ -130.92 -13.55 Td [(supernatural)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.924 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-501(it)-501(may)-501(be)-501(explained)-501(by)-501(the)-501(character)-501(of)]TJ -64.833 -13.549 Td [(the)-255(age)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 31.251 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Epictetus)-255(on)-254(divination)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 101.315 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-255(superstition)-254(of)-255(Aelian)-255(of)]TJ -154.384 -13.549 Td [(Praeneste)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.804 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-275(credulity)-274(and)-275(his)-275(anat)1(hemas)-275(on)-275(the)-274(sceptics)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 208.215 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(P.)]TJ -271.837 -13.549 Td [(Aelius)-575(Aristides)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.148 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-575(history)-575(and)-575(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.997 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-575(illness)-575(of)]TJ -215.963 -13.549 Td [(thirteen)-438(years)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.121 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Was)-438(he)-438(a)-437(simple)-438(devotee?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.496 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-438(influence)-438(of)]TJ -204.435 -13.55 Td [(rhetorical)-605(training)-604(on)-605(him)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 123.415 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-605(temples)-604(of)-605(healing)-605(in)-604(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -207.08 0 Td [([xviii])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.396 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-215(organisation)-215(and)-215(routine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.26 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Recipes)-215(by)-215(dreams)-215(in)-215(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 116 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 117 0 R /Resources 115 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 103 0 R /Annots [ 114 0 R ] >> endobj 114 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [337.813 339.239 354.177 348.959] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg384) >> >> endobj 118 0 obj << /D [116 0 R /XYZ 93.543 79.691 null] >> endobj 115 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 123 0 obj << /Length 6952 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-20334(xxiii)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(temples)-230(of)-229(Asclepius,)-234(Isis,)-234(and)-229(Serapis)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.141 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Medical)-230(skill)-229(combined)]TJ -178.05 -13.549 Td [(with)-366(superstition)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.301 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-366(amusements)-366(and)-366(cheerful)-366(social)-366(life)-366(of)]TJ -85.21 -13.549 Td [(these)-546(temple-hospitals)-546(were)-546(powerful)-546(healers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 209.832 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-546(ailments)]TJ -220.741 -13.549 Td [(of)-626(Aristides)-625(and)-626(his)-625(journeys)-626(in)-625(quest)-626(of)-625(health)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 236.394 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Strange)]TJ -247.303 -13.55 Td [(divine)-242(prescriptions)-241(astonish)-242(the)-241(medical)-242(attendants)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 224.671 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-242(own)]TJ -235.58 -13.549 Td [(heroic)-438(remedies)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.417 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Epiphanies)-437(of)-438(the)-437(Gods)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 108.245 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-437(return)-438(of)-437(his)]TJ -201.48 -13.549 Td [(rhetorical)-154(power)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.744 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-154(debt)-154(is)-153(repaid)-154(in)-154(the)-154(Sacred)-154(Orations)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 171.104 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(treatise)-628(on)-628(dreams)-627(by)-628(Artemidorus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.369 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-628(idea)-628(of)-627(founding)]TJ -178.278 -13.549 Td [(a)-612(science)-612(of)-612(dreams)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.569 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-612(enormous)-612(industry)-612(in)-612(collecting)]TJ -108.478 -13.55 Td [(materials)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.993 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-535(contempt)-534(for)-534(less)-535(scientific)-534(interpreters)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.666 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(classification)-520(of)-519(dreams)-520(and)-519(methods)-520(of)-519(interpretation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(new)-593(oracles)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 55.543 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-593(failure)-594(of)-593(the)-593(old)-594(was)-593(not)-594(so)-593(complete)]TJ -66.452 -13.549 Td [(as)-477(it)-477(is)-477(sometimes)-477(represented)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 140.196 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-477(revival)-477(of)-477(Delphi)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 101.652 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(history)-668(of)-667(the)-668(oracle)-668(of)-667(Alexander)-668(of)-667(Abonoteichos)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 254.568 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.55 Td [(life)-626(and)-626(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.922 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-626(he)-626(played)-626(on)-626(the)-626(superstition)-626(of)]TJ -94.831 -13.549 Td [(the)-746(Paphlagonians)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.096 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-745(business-like)-746(management)-745(of)-746(the)]TJ -96.006 -13.549 Td [(oracle)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.651 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-557(fees)-557(and)-557(revenue)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.984 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-557(secret)-557(methods)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.475 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-557(fame)]TJ -241.837 -13.549 Td [(spreads)-410(everywhere)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 88.07 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Oracles)-410(in)-410(many)-410(tongues)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.403 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Rutilianus,)-450(a)]TJ -223.291 -13.549 Td [(great)-453(noble,)-503(espouses)-453(Alexander)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 148.363 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-453(daughter)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.353 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-453(Epicureans)]TJ -210.258 -13.55 Td [(resist)-1055(the)-1055(impostor,)-1256(but)-1055(in)-1055(vain)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 178.837 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-1055(mysteries)-1055(of)]TJ -189.746 -13.549 Td [(Glycon)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.117 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Alexander,)-175(a)-157(second)-156(Endymion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.083 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Immense)-156(superstition)]TJ -188.018 -13.549 Td [(of)-257(the)-258(time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.431 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Apotheosis)-257(in)-258(the)-257(air)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 90.843 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-257(cult)-258(of)-257(Antinous)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 90.843 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(of)-761(M.)-761(Aurelius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 75.691 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(In)-761(Croton)-761(there)-762(were)-761(more)-761(gods)-761(than)]TJ -86.6 -13.549 Td [(men!)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-295(growing)-294(faith)-295(in)-295(daemons)-294(and)-295(genii)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.445 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-295(evidence)]TJ -221.681 -13.55 Td [(of)-573(inscriptions)-572(as)-573(to)-573(the)-572(adoption)-573(of)-573(local)-572(deities)-573(all)-572(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-612(world)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.461 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Revived)-612(honours)-612(of)-613(classic)-612(heroes)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.868 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-612(belief)]TJ -232.147 -13.549 Td [(in)-816(recurring)-816(miracle)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.991 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Christian)-816(and)-816(pagan)-816(were)-816(equally)]TJ -109.9 -13.549 Td [(credulous)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.415 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-413(legend)-412(of)-413(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.473 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Thundering)-413(Legion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.309 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Sorcery)]TJ -246.703 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(Thessaly)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.996 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-250(lawless)-250(romance)-250(of)-250(Apuleius)]TJ 154.518 -14.959 Td [(Pages)-311(443-483)]TJ -99.149 -14.958 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(II)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -29.647 -14.231 Td [(BELIEF)-272(IN)-273(IMMORTALITY)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -74.672 -14.959 Td [(The)-1068(conception)-1068(of)-1068(immortality)-1068(determined)-1068(by)-1069(the)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(idea)-1001(of)-1001(God)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.885 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Religion)-1001(supplies)-1001(the)-1001(assurance)-1001(denied)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 122 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 123 0 R /Resources 121 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 103 0 R /Annots [ 120 0 R ] >> endobj 120 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.041 121.461 307.405 131.181] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg443) >> >> endobj 121 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 127 0 obj << /Length 7399 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xxiv)-5393(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(by)-714(philosophy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.188 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Vagueness)-714(of)-714(the)-714(conception)-714(natural)-714(and)]TJ -78.097 -13.549 Td [(universal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.993 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(It)-230(doth)-230(not)-230(yet)-230(appear)-230(what)-230(we)-230(shall)-230(be)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.317 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Confused)]TJ -238.816 -13.549 Td [(and)-439(various)-439(beliefs)-439(on)-439(the)-439(subject)-439(in)-439(the)-439(Early)-438(Empire)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(cult)-482(of)-482(the)-482(Manes)-482(in)-482(old)-482(Italian)-482(piety)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 176.796 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-482(guardianship)-482(of)]TJ -187.705 -13.55 Td [(the)-519(tomb,)-587(and)-520(call)-519(for)-520(perpetual)-519(remembrance)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 217.407 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-519(eternal)]TJ -228.316 -13.549 Td [(sleep)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-320(link)-321(between)-320(the)-320(living)-321(and)-320(the)-320(dead)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.22 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-320(craving)]TJ -227.456 -13.549 Td [(for)-476(continued)-476(human)-476(sympat)1(hy)-476(with)-476(the)-476(shade)-476(in)-476(its)-475(eternal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(home)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.24 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-482(Lemures)-483(and)-482(the)-483(Lemuria)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 142.229 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Visitations)-482(from)-483(the)]TJ -188.287 -13.549 Td [(other)-422(world)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.469 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 21.563 0 Td [(Mundus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.749 0 Td [(in)-422(every)-421(Latin)-422(town)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.362 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-422(general)]TJ -226.961 -13.55 Td [(belief)-233(in)-234(apparitions)-233(illustrated)-233(from)-234(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 175.253 0 Td [(Philopseudes)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 60.723 0 Td [(of)-233(Lucian,)]TJ -235.976 -13.549 Td [(from)-247(the)-246(Younger)-247(Pliny,)-247(Suetonius,)-247(Dion)-247(Cassius,)-247(and)-246(Maximus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-577(Tyre)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.982 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-577(eschatology)-578(of)-577(Virgil)-577(a)-577(mixture)-578(of)-577(different)]TJ -46.891 -13.549 Td [(faiths)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.24 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Scenes)-255(from)-255(the)-255(Inferno)-255(of)-255(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 136.051 0 Td [(Aeneid)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.295 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-255(Pythagorean)]TJ -212.404 -13.549 Td [(elements)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 38.782 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-231(Virgil)-231(influenced)-232(later)-231(conceptions)-231(of)-231(the)-231(future)]TJ -49.691 -13.55 Td [(state)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.997 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Scepticism)-297(and)-297(credulity)-297(in)-297(the)-297(first)-297(century)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 193.968 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Perpetuity)]TJ -235.783 -13.549 Td [(of)-534(heathen)-533(beliefs)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.74 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-534(inscriptions,)-604(as)-534(to)-533(the)-534(future)-533(state,)]TJ -94.649 -13.549 Td [(must)-326(be)-327(interpreted)-326(with)-326(care)-327(and)-326(discrimination)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 216.481 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-326(phrases)]TJ -227.39 -13.549 Td [(often)-833(conventional,)-979(and)-834(springing)-833(from)-833(different)-833(orders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-568(belief)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.123 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Inscriptions)-568(frankly)-568(atheistic)-568(or)-568(sensualist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 195.671 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Ideas)]TJ -257.612 -13.55 Td [(of)-677(immortality)-676(among)-677(the)-677(cultivated)-677(class)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 204.782 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-677(influence)]TJ -215.691 -13.549 Td [(of)-826(Lucretius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.306 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-826(Stoic)-827(idea)-826(of)-827(coming)-826(life,)-971(and)-826(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -142.972 0 Td [([xix])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(Peripatetic)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.658 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-306(influence)-307(of)-306(Platonism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 120.316 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(In)-306(the)-307(last)-306(age)-306(of)-306(the)]TJ -188.792 -13.549 Td [(Republic,)-218(and)-210(the)-210(first)-211(of)-210(the)-210(Empire,)-218(educated)-210(opinion)-210(was)-210(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sceptical)-303(or)-302(negative)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 90.823 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(J.)-303(Caesar,)-316(the)-302(Elder)-303(Pliny,)-316(Tacitus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.025 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(feeling)-668(of)-668(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.091 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Epictetus)-668(on)-668(immortality)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.607 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Galen)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.051 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(probable)-402(influence)-402(on)-401(M.)-402(Aurelius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.201 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-402(wavering)-402(attitude)-401(of)]TJ -168.11 -13.549 Td [(M.)-205(Aurelius)-206(on)-205(immortality)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.152 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-205(he)-206(could)-205(reconcile)-206(himself)-205(by)]TJ -130.061 -13.549 Td [(a)-237(saintly)-236(ideal)-237(to)-236(the)-237(resignation)-237(of)-236(the)-237(hope)-237(of)-236(a)-237(future)-236(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 254.568 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(sadness)-389(and)-390(pessimism)-389(fully)-390(justified)-389(by)-390(the)-389(circumstances)-389(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-402(time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.113 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Thou)-402(hast)-402(come)-402(to)-402(shore,)-440(quit)-402(the)-402(ship)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 178.684 0 Td [(\035\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Change)]TJ -247.303 -13.55 Td [(in)-442(the)-441(religious)-442(character)-442(long)-441(before)-442(M.)-441(Aurelius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 230.95 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.894 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(theology)-643(as)-643(it)-644(moulded)-643(his)-643(conception)-643(of)-643(immortality)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 261.844 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)]TJ -272.753 -13.549 Td [(new)-739(note)-739(in)-740(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.534 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-739(influence)-739(of)-740(Pythagorean)-739(and)]TJ -111.443 -13.549 Td [(Platonic)-510(conceptions)-509(in)-510(modifying)-510(Stoicism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 202.254 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-510(revival)-509(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 126 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 127 0 R /Resources 125 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 103 0 R >> endobj 128 0 obj << /D [126 0 R /XYZ 111.646 247.191 null] >> endobj 125 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 133 0 obj << /Length 6111 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-20668(xxv)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Pythagoreanism)-279(in)-278(the)-279(first)-278(century)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 154.56 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-278(tenets)-279(and)-278(the)-279(secret)-278(of)]TJ -165.469 -13.549 Td [(its)-362(power)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.516 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Apollonius)-362(of)-361(Tyana)-362(on)-361(immortality)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 163.05 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-362(meeting)]TJ -226.384 -13.549 Td [(with)-501(the)-500(shade)-501(of)-501(Achilles)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.863 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Plutarch)-501(and)-500(Maximus)-501(of)-501(Tyre)]TJ -135.772 -13.549 Td [(on)-382(immortality)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.595 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-381(arguments)-382(for)-381(the)-382(faith)-381(in)-382(it)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.261 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(Delays)-447(of)-447(Divine)-447(Vengeance)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 132.167 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(But,)-496(like)-448(Plato,)-496(Plutarch)-447(feels)]TJ -143.076 -13.549 Td [(that)-389(argument)-390(on)-390(such)-389(a)-390(subject)-389(must)-390(be)-389(reinforced)-390(by)-389(poetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.123 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-216(myths)-215(of)-216(Thespesius)-216(of)-215(Soli)-216(and)-216(Timarchus)-215(in)]TJ -63.032 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.359 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Mythic)-250(scenery)-250(of)-250(the)-250(eternal)-250(world)]TJ 168.154 -14.489 Td [(Pages)-311(484-528)]TJ -100.963 -14.489 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(III)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -33.531 -13.761 Td [(THE)-271(OLD)-271(ROMAN)-270(RELIGION)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -68.974 -14.489 Td [(The)-869(decay)-868(of)-869(old)-869(religion)-869(in)-868(the)-869(last)-869(age)-869(of)-868(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Republic)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.393 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-713(causes)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.155 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Influence)-712(of)-713(Greek)-712(philosophy)-713(and)]TJ -108.366 -13.549 Td [(rationalism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.091 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Distinction)-957(drawn)-956(between)-956(the)-957(religion)-956(of)]TJ -60 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)-556(and)-556(that)-556(of)-556(the)-556(State)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.174 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-556(moral)-556(and)-556(religious)]TJ -166.083 -13.549 Td [(results)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.484 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Sceptical)-196(conformity)-195(or)-196(desuetude)-195(of)-196(ancient)-195(rites)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 213.364 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.55 Td [(religious)-993(revival)-993(of)-993(Augustus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.274 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-993(far)-993(a)-993(matter)-993(of)]TJ -162.183 -13.549 Td [(policy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.273 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Ancient)-177(temples)-176(and)-177(worships)-177(restored)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 166.472 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-177(position)-176(of)]TJ -215.563 -13.549 Td [(Pontifex)-294(Maximus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 81.394 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-294(the)-294(Emperors)-294(utilised)-294(the)-294(dignity)-294(and)]TJ -92.303 -13.549 Td [(kept)-152(a)-152(firm)-152(hold)-153(on)-152(the)-152(old)-152(religion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.548 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-152(religious)-152(character)-152(of)-153(the)]TJ -156.457 -13.549 Td [(early)-154(Emperors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.9 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-154(force)-154(of)-153(antiquarian)-154(sentiment)-154(in)-154(the)-154(second)]TJ -76.809 -13.55 Td [(century)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.717 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-271(Inscriptions)-272(plainly)-271(show)-272(that)-271(the)-272(popular)-271(faith)-271(in)]TJ -43.626 -13.549 Td [(old)-445(Latin)-445(religion)-445(was)-445(still)-445(strong)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.789 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-445(revival)-445(of)-445(the)-445(Arval)]TJ -166.698 -13.549 Td [(brotherhood)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.324 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-306(history)-307(and)-306(ritual)-307(described)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.171 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)-306(stronghold)-307(of)]TJ -210.313 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-231(power)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.144 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-231(the)-231(Arval)-232(College)-231(supported)-231(and)-231(flattered)]TJ -77.053 -13.549 Td [(the)-325(Emperors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.294 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-325(the)-325(cultivated)-326(class)-325(reconciled)-325(themselves)]TJ -70.203 -13.55 Td [(to)-459(the)-459(rudest)-459(forms)-459(of)-459(the)-459(ancient)-459(religion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.838 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-459(philosophic)]TJ -207.747 -13.549 Td [(reconciliation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.989 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-343(influence)-344(of)-343(patriotism)-344(in)-343(compelling)-343(men)]TJ -70.898 -13.549 Td [(to)-525(support)-525(a)-525(religion)-526(which)-525(was)-525(intertwined)-525(with)-525(all)-525(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-346(political)-347(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.61 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-346(sentiment)-347(powerful)-346(down)-346(to)-346(the)-347(end)-346(of)]TJ -84.519 -13.549 Td [(paganism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.815 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(But)-342(other)-341(religious)-342(ideas)-342(were)-341(in)-342(the)-342(air,)-364(preparing)]TJ -52.724 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(triumph)-250(of)-250(the)-250(cults)-250(of)-250(the)-250(East)]TJ 244.27 -14.488 Td [(529-546)]TJ -130.114 -14.489 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(IV)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 132 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 133 0 R /Resources 131 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 134 0 R /Annots [ 129 0 R 130 0 R ] >> endobj 129 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.041 406.464 307.405 416.337] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg484) >> >> endobj 130 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.041 80.391 307.405 88.125] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg529) >> >> endobj 131 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 140 0 obj << /Length 7235 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xxvi)-5393(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G /F16 9.8629 Tf 109.03 -30.759 Td [(MAGNA)-279(MATER)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -97.074 -14.676 Td [(The)-152(fascination)-152(of)-152(the)-153(worship)-152(of)-152(the)-152(Great)-152(Mother)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 214.442 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-152(was)-152(still)]TJ -237.307 -13.55 Td [(powerful)-175(in)-176(the)-175(days)-176(of)-175(S.)-176(Augustine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.407 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-175(arrival)-176(from)-175(Pessinus)-176(in)]TJ -166.316 -13.549 Td [(204)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 18.287 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-176(history)-176(of)-177(its)-176(growing)-176(influence)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 153.23 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-176(taurobolium)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -281.164 0 Td [([xx])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(in)-287(the)-286(second)-287(century)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.21 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-287(legend)-286(and)-287(its)-287(interpretations)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 147.638 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(Megalesia)-390(in)-390(spring)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.107 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-390(priesthood)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.277 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-390(sacred)-390(colleges)-390(of)]TJ -178.202 -13.549 Td [(the)-538(worship)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.348 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Evidence)-538(of)-538(the)-538(Inscriptions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 132.128 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-538(worship)-538(in)]TJ -208.294 -13.55 Td [(country)-547(places)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.561 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Vagabond)-547(priests)-548(in)-547(Thessaly)-548(described)-547(by)]TJ -77.47 -13.549 Td [(Apuleius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.393 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Picture)-374(of)-374(their)-373(wild)-374(orgies)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 122.357 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-374(problem)-374(of)-373(these)]TJ -183.568 -13.549 Td [(eastern)-233(cults)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.042 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(From)-233(a)-233(gross)-233(origin,)-236(they)-233(became)-233(transmuted)-233(into)]TJ -64.951 -13.549 Td [(a)-462(real)-461(spiritual)-461(power)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 99.322 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-461(elevation)-462(of)-461(Magna)-462(Mater)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 142.526 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(rite)-243(of)-244(the)-243(taurobolium)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.261 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-243(history)-244(in)-243(Asia)-244(Minor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.594 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-243(immense)]TJ -227.673 -13.55 Td [(influence)-467(in)-468(the)-467(last)-467(age)-468(of)-467(the)-468(Empire)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 182.93 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)-467(challenge)-467(to)-468(the)]TJ -193.839 -13.549 Td [(Church)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.117 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-365(history)-364(of)-365(the)-365(taurobolium)-365(in)-364(the)-365(West)-365(from)-364(the)]TJ -43.026 -13.549 Td [(Inscriptions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.513 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Description)-457(of)-456(the)-457(scene)-457(from)-456(Prudentius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 190.335 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(connection)-250(of)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-250(with)-250(Mithra)-250(and)-250(other)-250(deities)]TJ 215.423 -14.677 Td [(Pages)-311(547-559)]TJ -99.454 -14.676 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(V)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -11.597 -13.95 Td [(ISIS)-278(AND)-278(SERAPIS)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -92.417 -14.676 Td [(Their)-405(long)-406(reign)-405(in)-405(Europe)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 123.123 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Established)-405(at)-406(Peiraeus)-405(in)-405(the)]TJ -145.987 -13.549 Td [(fourth)-470(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 69.632 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(And)-470(in)-470(Asia)-470(Minor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.922 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-470(the)-470(Egyptian)]TJ -196.446 -13.55 Td [(cults)-566(had)-567(been)-566(transformed)-567(under)-566(Greek)-566(influences)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 243.07 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Greek)]TJ -253.979 -13.549 Td [(settlers,)-201(soldiers,)-202(and)-189(travellers)-190(in)-189(Egypt)-189(from)-190(the)-189(seventh)-189(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Greek)-206(and)-206(Egyptian)-206(gods)-206(identified)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 153.212 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-206(new)-206(propaganda)]TJ -190.104 -13.549 Td [(of)-348(the)-348(Ptolemies)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.046 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Theories)-348(of)-348(the)-348(origin)-348(of)-348(Serapis)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.832 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-348(new)]TJ -241.696 -13.549 Td [(Egyptian)-623(Trinity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.498 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-623(influence)-624(of)-623(Greek)-623(mysticism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.35 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(worship)-705(probably)-704(established)-705(in)-704(Campanian)-705(towns)-704(before)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(150)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 21.497 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-470(religious)-471(excitement)-471(in)-470(Italy)-471(in)-470(the)-471(early)-470(part)]TJ -47.48 -13.549 Td [(of)-503(the)-502(second)-503(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 107.361 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-503(Bacchanalian)-502(scandal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.413 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(apocryphal)-348(books)-348(of)-348(Numa)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.671 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Efforts)-348(of)-348(the)-348(Government)-348(in)-348(the)]TJ -132.58 -13.549 Td [(first)-495(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 61.082 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.47 0 Td [(to)-495(repress)-494(the)-495(worship)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.049 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)-494(violent)-495(struggle)]TJ -196.51 -13.549 Td [(with)-731(varying)-730(fortunes)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.415 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-731(triumvirs)-730(in)-731(42)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 108.249 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.045 0 Td [(erect)-731(a)]TJ -246.618 -13.55 Td [(temple)-473(of)-473(Isis)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.253 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Persecution)-473(of)-473(eastern)-473(worships)-473(in)-473(the)-473(reign)]TJ -75.162 -13.549 Td [(of)-356(Tiberius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.336 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Thenceforth)-357(there)-356(was)-356(little)-357(opposition)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 173.716 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Attitude)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 139 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 140 0 R /Resources 138 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 134 0 R /Annots [ 137 0 R ] >> endobj 137 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [337.813 296.755 354.177 306.628] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg547) >> >> endobj 141 0 obj << /D [139 0 R /XYZ 156.699 476.4 null] >> endobj 138 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 146 0 obj << /Length 7475 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-20112(xxvii)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-490(the)-490(Flavian)-490(Emperors)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.598 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Domitian)-490(builds)-490(a)-490(temple)-490(of)-490(Isis,)]TJ -124.508 -13.549 Td [(92)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 16.44 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-507(Egyptian)-507(worship)-507(propagated)-507(from)-507(Alexandria)]TJ -43.327 -13.549 Td [(by)-559(slaves,)-637(officials,)-637(philosophers,)-637(and)-559(savants)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 218.171 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Votaries)-559(in)]TJ -229.08 -13.549 Td [(the)-705(imperial)-704(household)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.911 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Spread)-705(of)-704(Isiac)-705(worship)-704(through)]TJ -120.82 -13.55 Td [(Europe)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 31.506 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-427(reaches)-428(York)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.114 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-427(secret)-428(of)-427(its)-428(fascination)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.319 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(cult)-643(appealed)-643(to)-644(many)-643(kinds)-643(of)-643(mind)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 185.119 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-643(mysticism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 62.784 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)]TJ -269.721 -13.549 Td [(charm)-350(for)-350(women)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.739 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-350(pomp)-350(and)-351(ceremonial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.443 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-350(a)-350(religion)]TJ -213 -13.549 Td [(originally)-453(gross)-453(may)-454(be)-453(transformed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.027 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-453(zoolatry)-453(of)-454(Egypt)]TJ -177.936 -13.549 Td [(justified)-508(as)-509(symbolism)-508(by)-508(Greek)-509(philosophers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 213.782 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(But)-508(there)-509(is)]TJ -224.692 -13.55 Td [(little)-314(trace)-313(of)-314(it)-314(in)-313(the)-314(Isiac)-314(worship)-313(of)-314(the)-314(West)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 212.975 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Isis)-314(becomes)]TJ -223.884 -13.549 Td [(an)-374(all-embracing)-374(spiritual)-374(power)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.151 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(And)-374(Serapis)-374(is)-374(regarded)-374(by)]TJ -157.06 -13.549 Td [(Aristides)-248(as)-247(sovereign)-248(lord)-248(of)-248(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.61 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-248(the)-247(worship)-248(never)-248(broke)]TJ -156.519 -13.549 Td [(away)-417(from)-418(the)-417(traditions)-418(of)-417(idolatry)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.565 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-417(fostered)-418(an)-417(immense)]TJ -175.474 -13.549 Td [(superstition)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.913 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-312(Petosiris)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.945 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(But)-312(there)-311(was)-312(undoubted)-312(spiritual)]TJ -130.676 -13.55 Td [(power)-389(in)-390(the)-389(worship)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.974 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-389(initiation)-390(of)-389(Lucius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.894 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-389(faith)-390(in)]TJ -226.686 -13.549 Td [(immortality)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.524 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 10.9091 Tf 4.582 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 5.53 0 Td [(\310\315\307\265\271)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.591 0 Td [(on)-162(tombs)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.351 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Impressive)-162(ritual)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.667 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Separation)]TJ -233.972 -13.549 Td [(of)-528(the)-529(priesthood)-528(from)-529(the)-528(world)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.289 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Description)-528(of)-529(the)-528(daily)]TJ -168.198 -13.549 Td [(offices)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.684 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Matins)-599(and)-598(Vespers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.257 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Silent)-599(meditation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.661 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-599(great)]TJ -235.329 -13.549 Td [(festivals)-791(of)-790(the)-791(Isiac)-791(calendar)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 150.826 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Ascetic)-791(preparation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.022 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(blessing)-424(of)-425(the)-424(sacred)-424(ship)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 122.74 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Description)-424(of)-425(the)-424(procession)-424(in)]TJ -133.649 -13.549 Td [(Apuleius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.393 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-214(grades)-214(of)-215(priests)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 90.018 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-214(sacred)-215(guilds)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.173 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-214(place)]TJ -238.311 -13.549 Td [(of)-511(women)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.773 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-511(priesthood)-510(an)-511(aggressive)-510(power)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 168.908 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-511(Isiac)]TJ -237.5 -13.549 Td [(presbytery)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.047 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Priestly)-410(rule)-411(of)-410(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.359 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Tertullian)-410(holds)-411(it)-410(up)-410(as)-411(an)]TJ -155.224 -13.549 Td [(example)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.96 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-250(popular)-250(charm)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Divine)-250(Mother)]TJ 167.554 -14.959 Td [(Pages)-311(560-584)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 75.6 0 Td [([xxi])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -176.867 -14.958 Td [(CHAPTER)-281(VI)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf -30.502 -14.231 Td [(THE)-272(RELIGION)-271(OF)-272(MITHRA)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -71.699 -14.959 Td [(The)-660(causes)-660(which)-660(in)-660(the)-661(second)-660(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 207.335 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.18 0 Td [(prepared)]TJ -242.47 -13.549 Td [(the)-882(triumph)-881(of)-882(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 115.515 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Heliolatry)-882(the)-881(natural)-882(goal)-882(of)]TJ -126.424 -13.549 Td [(heathenism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.691 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Early)-818(history)-818(of)-819(Mithra)-818(in)-818(the)-818(Vedas)-818(and)]TJ -60.6 -13.549 Td [(Avestas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.538 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(He)-348(is)-348(a)-348(moral)-348(power)-348(from)-348(the)-348(beginning)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 182.306 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-348(place)]TJ -238.662 -13.549 Td [(in)-547(the)-548(Zoroastrian)-547(hierarchy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.217 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-547(relation)-548(to)-547(Ormuzd)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 110.631 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(influence)-945(of)-945(Babylon)-946(on)-945(the)-945(Persian)-945(worship)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 240.026 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mithra)]TJ -250.935 -13.549 Td [(identified)-874(with)-873(the)-874(Sun)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 120.108 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-874(astral)-873(lore)-874(of)-874(Babylonia)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 145 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 146 0 R /Resources 144 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 134 0 R /Annots [ 143 0 R ] >> endobj 143 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.041 189.207 307.405 199.08] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg560) >> >> endobj 149 0 obj << /D [145 0 R /XYZ 262.195 191.585 null] >> endobj 150 0 obj << /D [145 0 R /XYZ 46.771 189.207 null] >> endobj 144 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 154 0 obj << /Length 7236 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xxviii)-4837(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(inseparable)-636(from)-636(Mithraism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.217 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-636(Mithra)-636(and)-635(the)-636(Sun)-636(are)]TJ -141.126 -13.549 Td [(distinct)-899(in)-899(the)-898(later)-899(Inscriptions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.061 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-899(Mithra)-899(worship)]TJ -174.97 -13.549 Td [(was)-842(modified)-842(in)-843(Asia)-842(Minor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 148.864 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-842(influence)-842(of)-843(Greek)]TJ -159.773 -13.549 Td [(mythology,)-1308(philosophy,)-1309(and)-1096(art)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 168.997 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-1097(group)-1096(of)-1097(the)]TJ -179.906 -13.55 Td [(Tauroctonus)-964(probably)-964(first)-964(fashioned)-964(by)-964(a)-964(Pergamene)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(artist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Mithra)-1364(in)-1363(literature)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.317 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Herodotus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.447 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Xenophon)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.447 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -263.666 -13.549 Td [(Thebaid)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.537 0 Td [(of)-621(Statius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.57 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Lucian)-621(may)-621(have)-622(heard)-621(the)]TJ -146.285 -13.549 Td [(Mazdean)-445(litany)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.69 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.694 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-445(first)-445(coming)-446(to)-445(the)-445(West)-445(probably)]TJ -113.926 -13.549 Td [(in)-299(the)-299(reign)-300(of)-299(Tiberius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.739 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-299(earliest)-299(inscriptions)-300(of)-299(Mithraism)]TJ -113.648 -13.55 Td [(belong)-533(to)-533(the)-532(Flavian)-533(age)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 122.629 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(At)-533(the)-533(same)-532(time,)-604(the)-532(worship)]TJ -133.538 -13.549 Td [(is)-410(established)-411(in)-410(Pannonia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 118.275 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-410(earliest)-411(temples)-410(at)-410(Ostia)-411(and)]TJ -129.184 -13.549 Td [(Rome)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.062 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-346(power)-347(of)-346(Mithra)-347(in)-346(the)-347(capital)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 156.588 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-347(secret)-346(of)-347(the)]TJ -204.468 -13.549 Td [(propaganda)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.891 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Soldiers)-390(were)-390(the)-390(most)-390(effective)-390(missionaries)-390(of)]TJ -61.8 -13.549 Td [(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.695 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Slaves)-239(and)-240(imperial)-239(officials)-239(of)-240(every)-239(degree)-239(propagate)]TJ -40.604 -13.55 Td [(the)-272(Persian)-271(faith)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.371 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-272(progress)-271(traced)-272(around)-272(Rome)-271(and)-272(through)]TJ -82.28 -13.549 Td [(various)-169(regions)-169(of)-169(Italy,)-185(especially)-169(to)-169(the)-169(north)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.591 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.695 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-169(chapels)]TJ -241.827 -13.549 Td [(in)-500(the)-501(valleys)-500(of)-501(the)-500(Alps)-501(and)-500(on)-501(the)-500(roads)-501(to)-500(the)-500(Danube)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-485(Aquileia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.068 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Along)-485(the)-485(line)-485(of)-485(the)-485(Danube)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 139.763 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-485(remains)]TJ -225.649 -13.549 Td [(abundant)-453(in)-453(Dacia)-454(and)-453(Pannonia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 150.052 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Chapels)-453(at)-453(Aquincum)-454(and)]TJ -160.961 -13.55 Td [(Carnuntum)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.091 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-356(enthusiasm)-357(of)-356(certain)-357(legions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.897 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-357(splendid)]TJ -222.806 -13.549 Td [(remains)-532(of)-531(Mithra)-532(worship)-531(in)-532(Upper)-532(Germany)-531(in)-532(the)-531(early)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(part)-521(of)-521(the)-521(second)-521(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 130.811 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mithra)-521(passes)-521(on,)-589(through)]TJ -157.698 -13.549 Td [(Cologne)-200(and)-201(Boulogne,)-210(to)-200(London,)-210(Chester,)-210(York)-201(and)-200(the)-200(wall)-200(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.138 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mithra)-254(made)-254(least)-254(impression)-254(on)-254(W.)-254(Gaul,)-255(Spain,)-254(and)]TJ -46.047 -13.55 Td [(N.)-194(Africa)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.582 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(In)-194(spite)-194(of)-194(tolerance)-194(and)-194(syncretism,)-205(Mithraism)-194(never)]TJ -51.491 -13.549 Td [(ceased)-383(to)-383(be)-383(a)-383(Persian)-383(cult)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 122.069 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-383(influence)-383(of)-383(astrology)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.779 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(share)-258(of)-257(Babylonia)-258(in)-257(moulding)-258(the)-257(worship)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 192.603 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-258(Greek)-257(mystic)]TJ -203.512 -13.549 Td [(influences)-593(had)-594(a)-593(large)-594(part)-593(in)-594(it)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.603 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-593(descent)-594(and)-593(ascent)]TJ -168.512 -13.549 Td [(of)-551(the)-551(soul)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.621 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet,)-626(although)-551(Mithraism)-551(came)-550(to)-551(be)-551(a)-551(moral)]TJ -63.53 -13.549 Td [(creed,)-476(it)-431(never)-431(ceased)-431(to)-431(be)-431(a)-431(cosmic)-431(symbolism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 226.248 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-431(great)]TJ -237.157 -13.55 Td [(elemental)-201(powers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.114 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-201(daemonology)-201(of)-201(Mithraism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.479 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-201(affinity)]TJ -235.411 -13.549 Td [(with)-562(the)-563(later)-562(Neo)-563(Platonism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.475 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-562(evil)-563(effect)-562(of)-562(belief)-563(in)]TJ -149.384 -13.549 Td [(planetary)-233(influences)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.968 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-233(struggle)-232(between)-233(formal)-233(and)-233(spiritual)]TJ -98.877 -13.549 Td [(ideals)-501(of)-501(religion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.402 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-501(craving)-501(for)-500(mediatorial)-501(sympathy)-501(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 153 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 154 0 R /Resources 152 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 134 0 R >> endobj 152 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 157 0 obj << /Length 7527 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Contents)-20390(xxix)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-544(moral)-544(life)-544(was)-543(urgent)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.891 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mithra)-544(was)-544(a)-543(mediator)-544(both)-544(in)]TJ -132.8 -13.549 Td [(a)-433(cosmic)-433(and)-433(a)-433(moral)-433(sense)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 129.04 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(He)-433(stands)-433(between)-433(Cautes)-433(and)]TJ -139.95 -13.549 Td [(Cautopates,)-502(and)-451(between)-451(Ormuzd)-451(and)-451(Ahriman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 218.752 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-451(legend)]TJ -229.661 -13.549 Td [(of)-286(Mithra)-285(as)-286(faintly)-285(recovered)-286(from)-285(the)-286(monuments)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 226.613 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 20.079 0 Td [(petra)]TJ -257.601 -13.55 Td [(genetrix)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.749 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)-168(adoration)-167(of)-168(the)-168(shepherds)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.53 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-168(fountain)-167(gushing)]TJ -189.098 -13.549 Td [(at)-365(the)-365(arrow)-365(stroke)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.253 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-365(legend)-365(of)-365(the)-365(mystic)-365(bull)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.44 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-365(chase)]TJ -241.511 -13.549 Td [(and)-418(slaughter)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.302 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-418(death)-417(as)-418(the)-418(source)-417(of)-418(resurgent)-418(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 181.546 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(mysterious)-286(reconciliation)-287(of)-286(Mithra)-286(and)-287(the)-286(Sun)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 211.452 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-286(solemn)]TJ -222.361 -13.549 Td [(agape)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.44 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Various)-455(interpretations)-455(of)-455(the)-455(legend)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 168.92 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-455(there)-455(was)]TJ -216.178 -13.55 Td [(a)-414(real)-414(spiritual)-415(meaning)-414(under)-414(it)-414(all)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 163.452 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)-414(religion)-414(of)-414(strenuous)]TJ -174.361 -13.549 Td [(combat)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.117 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-244(it)-243(touched)-244(the)-244(Roman)-243(soldier)-244(on)-244(the)-243(Danube)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 215.786 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)]TJ -269.721 -13.549 Td [(eschatology)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.113 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Its)-278(promise)-279(of)-278(immortality)-278(and)-279(final)-278(triumph)-278(over)]TJ -63.022 -13.549 Td [(evil)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.364 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-191(sacramental)-191(mystery)-191(of)-191(Mithraism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.09 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-191(daily)-191(offices,)]TJ -205.272 -13.549 Td [(and)-242(the)-241(annual)-242(festivals)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.431 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-241(mysteries)-242(of)-241(Mithra)-242(and)-241(the)-242(seven)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 177.684 0 Td [([xxii])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(grades)-523(of)-524(initiation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 88.381 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Symbolic)-523(ceremonies)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.214 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-523(colleges)-524(of)]TJ -207.413 -13.549 Td [(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.695 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Their)-467(influence)-468(in)-467(levelling)-468(social)-467(distinctions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 212.153 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(suspicions)-683(of)-683(the)-684(Apologists)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.516 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Description)-683(of)-683(a)-684(chapel)-683(of)]TJ -148.425 -13.549 Td [(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.695 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-454(form)-454(of)-453(the)-454(cave)-454(always)-454(preserved)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 182.974 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-454(scene)]TJ -234.487 -13.549 Td [(of)-778(full)-778(initiation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.622 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mithraism)-778(as)-778(an)-779(imperial)-778(cult)-778(and)-778(a)]TJ -91.531 -13.55 Td [(support)-417(of)-418(imperial)-417(power)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.094 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Sketch)-417(of)-418(the)-417(history)-417(of)-417(imperial)]TJ -130.003 -13.549 Td [(apotheosis)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.058 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-316(historic)-316(causes)-316(which)-316(aided)-316(it)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.751 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-316(influence)]TJ -219.627 -13.549 Td [(of)-322(Egypt)-321(and)-321(Persia)-322(on)-321(the)-322(movement)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 168.905 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-321(Persian)-322(attitude)-321(to)]TJ -179.814 -13.549 Td [(kings)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.64 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-303(Fortune)-302(of)-302(the)-303(monarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.691 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(How)-302(these)-303(ideas)-302(blended)]TJ -170.149 -13.549 Td [(with)-286(old)-287(Roman)-286(conceptions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.339 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-286(influence)-287(of)-286(Sun-worship)-286(in)]TJ -137.248 -13.55 Td [(the)-234(third)-235(century,)-238(in)-234(stimulating)-234(theocratic)-235(ideas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 207.785 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-234(Emperors)]TJ -218.694 -13.549 Td [(appropriate)-487(the)-486(titles)-487(and)-487(insignia)-486(of)-487(the)-487(Sun)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 211.088 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-487(imperial)]TJ -221.997 -13.549 Td [(house)-244(consecrate)-245(a)-244(temple)-245(to)-244(Mithra)-245(at)-244(Carnuntum,)-246(twenty)-244(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-311(the)-310(conversion)-310(of)-311(Constantine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 163.821 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Could)-311(Mithra)-310(ever)-311(have)]TJ -174.73 -13.549 Td [(become)-404(the)-404(god)-404(of)-404(western)-404(Europe?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.018 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-404(chances)-404(of)-404(success)]TJ -175.927 -13.549 Td [(in)-390(the)-389(chaos)-390(of)-389(belief)-390(seemed)-389(promising)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.047 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-390(syncretism)-389(and)]TJ -193.956 -13.55 Td [(tolerance,)-601(yet)-531(his)-531(exclusive)-531(claims)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 162.397 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-531(moral)-531(charm)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.451 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(fears)-563(of)-564(the)-563(Fathers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.17 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Parallels)-563(between)-564(his)-563(legend)-564(and)-563(the)]TJ -105.079 -13.549 Td [(Bible)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.64 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(His)-410(sacramental)-411(system)-410(a)-411(travesty)-410(of)-411(the)-410(mysteries)-410(of)]TJ -34.549 -13.549 Td [(the)-390(medieval)-390(church)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.515 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Yet)-390(there)-390(was)-390(a)-390(great)-390(gulf)-390(between)-390(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 156 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 157 0 R /Resources 155 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 134 0 R >> endobj 158 0 obj << /D [156 0 R /XYZ 179.709 342.036 null] >> endobj 155 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 162 0 obj << /Length 1601 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(xxx)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(two)-247(religions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.238 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(The)-247(weaknesses)-247(of)-246(Mithraism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.476 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-247(did)-247(not)-246(appeal)]TJ -209.532 -13.549 Td [(to)-355(women)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.476 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-355(had)-355(no)-355(Mater)-355(Dolorosa)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 114.859 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(It)-355(offered)-355(little)-355(human)]TJ -181.153 -13.549 Td [(sympathy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.426 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(And)-266(in)-266(its)-266(tolerance)-266(of)-266(other)-266(heathen)-266(systems)-265(lay)-266(its)]TJ -53.335 -13.549 Td [(great)-228(weakness)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.103 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(A)-228(Mithraist)-229(might)-228(be)-229(a)-228(votary)-229(of)-228(all)-229(the)-228(ancient)]TJ -77.012 -13.55 Td [(gods)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 20.608 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mithraism)-380(was)-380(rooted)-379(in)-380(nature-worship,)-413(and)-379(remained)]TJ -31.517 -13.549 Td [(the)-403(patron)-404(of)-403(the)-403(worst)-404(superstitions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.017 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Mithra)-403(belonged)-404(to)-403(the)]TJ -175.926 -13.549 Td [(order)-250(which)-250(was)-250(passing)-250(away)]TJ 215.424 -13.549 Td [(Pages)-311(585-626)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 161 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 162 0 R /Resources 160 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 134 0 R /Annots [ 159 0 R ] >> endobj 159 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [337.813 420.953 354.177 430.825] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg585) >> >> endobj 160 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 164 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index3) >> endobj 167 0 obj (Book I. Infesta virtutibus tempora) endobj 170 0 obj << /Length 177 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 18.9589 Tf 152.035 479.321 Td [(BOOK)-282(I.)]TJ/F23 15.7808 Tf -79.474 -55.097 Td [(INFESTA)-258(VIRTUTIBUS)-258(TEMPORA)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 169 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 170 0 R /Resources 168 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 173 0 R >> endobj 171 0 obj << /D [169 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 165 0 obj << /D [169 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 172 0 obj << /D [169 0 R /XYZ 46.771 408.231 null] >> endobj 168 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 176 0 obj << /Length 32 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G endstream endobj 175 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 176 0 R /Resources 174 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 173 0 R >> endobj 174 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF ] >> endobj 177 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index4) >> endobj 180 0 obj (I. The aristocracy under the terror) endobj 183 0 obj << /Length 3969 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([1])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf -191.494 -30.414 Td [(CHAPTER)-280(I)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -86.439 -45.004 Td [(THE)-254(ARISTOCRACY)-254(UNDER)-254(THE)-254(TERROR)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -13.091 -26.195 Td [(The)-455(period)-455(of)-455(social)-455(history)-455(which)-455(we)-455(are)-455(about)-455(to)-455(study)-455(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profoundly)-313(interesting)-312(in)-313(many)-313(ways,)-328(but)-313(not)-312(least)-313(in)-313(the)-312(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contrasts)-378(between)-377(its)-378(opening)-378(and)-378(its)-377(close.)-633(It)-378(opens)-378(with)-377(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tyranny)-291(of)-290(one)-291(of)-290(the)-291(worst)-291(men)-290(who)-291(ever)-290(occupied)-291(a)-291(throne;)-310(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ends)-348(with)-347(the)-348(mild)-347(rule)-348(of)-347(a)-348(Stoic)-347(saint.)-543(It)-347(begins)-348(in)-347(massacre)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-306(the)-306(carnage)-306(of)-307(civil)-306(strife;)-334(it)-306(closes)-306(in)-306(the)-306(apparent)-306(triumph)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-285(the)-285(philosophic)-285(ideal,)-294(although)-286(before)-285(the)-285(end)-285(of)-285(the)-285(reign)-285(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-347(philosophers)-346(the)-347(shadows)-346(have)-347(begun)-346(to)-346(fall.)-540(The)-346(contrast)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-378(character)-377(between)-378(the)-377(two)-377(princes)-378(is)-377(generally)-378(supposed)-377(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(find)-357(a)-356(correspondence)-357(in)-356(the)-357(moral)-356(character)-357(and)-356(ideals)-357(of)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(men)-289(over)-288(whom)-289(they)-288(ruled.)-366(The)-289(accession)-288(of)-289(Vespasian)-288(which,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-374(a)-374(deadly)-374(struggle,)-406(seemed)-374(to)-374(bring)-374(the)-374(orgies)-374(of)-374(a)-374(brutal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(despotism)-253(to)-253(a)-253(close,)-253(is)-253(regarded)-253(as)-253(marking)-253(not)-253(only)-253(a)-252(political,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-262(a)-263(moral,)-265(revolution.)-287(It)-262(was)-263(the)-262(dawn)-262(of)-263(an)-262(age)-262(of)-262(repentance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-336(amendment,)-357(of)-336(beneficent)-336(administration,)-357(of)-336(a)-336(great)-335(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(revival.)-828(We)-443(are)-443(bound)-443(to)-443(accept)-442(the)-443(express)-443(testimony)-443(of)-442(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contemporary)-514(like)-514(Tacitus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.007 3.959 Td [(1)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.808 -3.959 Td [(who)-514(was)-514(not)-513(prone)-514(to)-514(optimist)]TJ -133.815 -13.549 Td [(views)-307(of)-308(human)-307(progress,)-322(that)-307(along)-308(with)-307(the)-308(exhaustion)-307(of)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(higher)-255(class)-254(from)-255(massacre)-255(and)-254(reckless)-255(extravagance,)-256(the)-254(sober)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(example)-237(of)-236(the)-237(new)-236(emperor,)-240(and)-236(the)-237(introduction)-236(of)-237(fresh)-236(blood)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-425(purer)-425(manners)-426(from)-425(the)-425(provinces,)-469(had)-425(produced)-425(a)-425(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-250(improvement.)-252(Even)-250(among)-251(the)-250(old)-250(noblesse,)-251(whose)-250(youth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-288(fallen)-289(on)-288(the)-288(age)-289(of)-288(wild)-288(licence,)-298(it)-288(is)-289(probable)-288(that)-288(a)-288(better)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tone)-464(asserted)-463(itself)-464(at)-464(the)-464(beginning)-463(of)-464(what)-464(was)-463(recognised)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-414(all)-415(to)-414(be)-414(a)-415(new)-414(order.)-743(The)-414(crushed)-414(and)-415(servile,)-455(who)-414(had)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 52.998 69.951 Td [(1)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iii.)-250(55;)-250(xvi.)-250(5;)-250(cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 82.697 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.913 0 Td [(ix.)-250(xii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 182 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 183 0 R /Resources 181 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 173 0 R >> endobj 57 0 obj << /D [182 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 178 0 obj << /D [182 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 181 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 186 0 obj << /Length 4845 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(4)-6671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(easily)-411(learnt)-411(to)-412(imitat)1(e)-412(the)-411(wasteful)-411(vices)-411(of)-411(their)-411(oppressors,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([2])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(would)-261(probably,)-264(with)-261(equal)-262(facility,)-264(at)-261(least)-261(affect)-261(to)-261(conform)-261(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-309(simpler)-310(fashions)-309(of)-309(life)-309(which)-310(Vespasian)-309(inherited)-309(from)-309(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sabine)-345(ancestors)-344(and)-345(the)-345(old)-344(farm-house)-345(at)-345(Reate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.757 3.958 Td [(2)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.309 -3.958 Td [(The)-345(better)]TJ -235.066 -13.55 Td [(sort,)-307(represented)-296(by)-295(the)-296(circles)-295(of)-296(Persius,)-307(of)-295(Pliny)-296(and)-295(Tacitus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-301(had)-302(nursed)-301(the)-301(ideal)-301(of)-302(Stoic)-301(or)-301(old)-302(Roman)-301(virtue)-301(in)-301(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(retreat)-372(on)-372(the)-372(northern)-371(lakes)-372(or)-372(in)-372(the)-372(folds)-372(of)-372(the)-371(Apennines,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emerged)-385(from)-384(seclusion)-385(and)-384(came)-384(to)-385(the)-384(front)-385(in)-384(the)-385(reign)-384(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Trajan.)]TJ 11.956 -13.925 Td [(Yet)-373(neither)-372(the)-373(language)-373(of)-373(Tacitus)-372(nor)-373(the)-373(testimony)-372(from)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(other)-319(sources)-318(justify)-319(the)-318(belief)-318(in)-319(any)-318(sudden)-319(moral)-318(revolution.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-487(Antonine)-487(age)-487(was)-487(undoubtedly)-487(an)-487(age)-487(of)-486(conscientious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-404(humane)-404(government)-404(in)-404(the)-404(interest)-404(of)-404(the)-404(subject;)-481(it)-403(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-327(more)-327(an)-327(age)-328(of)-327(religious)-327(revival.)-481(But)-327(whether)-327(these)-327(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accompanied)-230(by)-230(a)-231(corresponding)-230(elevation)-230(of)-230(conduct)-230(and)-230(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tone)-263(among)-264(the)-263(masses)-263(may)-263(well)-264(be)-263(doubted.)-290(On)-263(the)-263(other)-263(hand)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-234(pessimism)-233(of)-234(satirist)-234(and)-233(historian)-234(who)-234(had)-233(lived)-234(through)-233(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(darkness)-314(of)-313(the)-314(Terror)-314(has)-313(probably)-314(exaggerated)-314(the)-313(corruption)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-273(the)-273(evil)-273(days.)-320(If)-273(society)-273(at)-273(large)-273(had)-273(been)-273(half)-273(as)-273(corrupt)-273(as)-273(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-281(represented)-281(by)-280(Juvenal,)-289(it)-280(would)-281(have)-281(speedily)-281(perished)-280(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mere)-402(rottenness.)-708(The)-402(Inscriptions,)-441(the)-402(Letters)-403(of)-402(the)-402(younger)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny,)-409(even)-378(the)-378(pages)-377(of)-378(Tacitus)-377(himself,)-410(reveal)-377(to)-378(us)-377(another)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(world)-293(from)-293(that)-293(of)-293(the)-294(satirist.)-379(On)-293(countless)-293(tombs)-293(we)-293(have)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(record)-411(or)-411(the)-411(ideal)-411(of)-412(a)-411(family)-411(life)-411(of)-411(sober,)-451(honest)-411(industry,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-289(pure)-289(affection.)-368(In)-289(the)-289(calm)-290(of)-289(rural)-289(retreats)-289(in)-289(Lombardy)-289(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tuscany,)-234(while)-229(the)-230(capital)-229(was)-230(frenzied)-229(with)-230(vicious)-229(indulgence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-409(seething)-409(with)-410(conspiracy)-409(and)-409(desolated)-409(by)-409(massacre,)-449(there)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-263(many)-262(families)-263(living)-262(in)-263(almost)-263(puritan)-262(quietude,)-266(where)-262(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-203(standard)-204(was)-203(in)-204(many)-203(respects)-204(as)-203(high)-204(as)-203(among)-203(ourselves.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-350(worst)-351(period)-350(of)-351(the)-350(Roman)-351(Empire)-350(was)-351(the)-350(most)-350(glorious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-380(of)-381(practical)-380(Stoicism.)-641(The)-381(men)-380(of)-380(that)-381(circle)-380(were)-380(ready,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-314(the)-313(cost)-314(of)-314(liberty)-313(or)-314(life,)-329(to)-314(brave)-314(an)-313(immoral)-314(tyranny;)-345(their)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.722 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 99.77 80.91 Td [(2)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.383 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.233 0 Td [(ii.)-691(quare)-397(princeps)-398(quoque)-397(et)-397(locum)-397(incunabulorum)-397(assidue)]TJ -59.572 -10.959 Td [(frequentavit,)-250(manente)-250(villa,)-250(qualis)-250(fuerat)-250(olim,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 185 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 186 0 R /Resources 184 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 173 0 R >> endobj 187 0 obj << /D [185 0 R /XYZ 165.778 518.175 null] >> endobj 184 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 190 0 obj << /Length 6789 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11729(5)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(wives)-371(were)-370(eager)-371(to)-371(follow)-370(them)-371(into)-371(exile,)-401(or)-370(to)-371(die)-371(by)-370(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(side.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 20.302 3.959 Td [(3)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.609 -3.959 Td [(And)-445(even)-446(in)-445(the)-446(palace)-445(of)-446(Nero)-445(there)-446(was)-445(a)-446(spotless)]TJ -33.911 -13.549 Td [(Octavia,)-255(and)-253(slave-girls)-254(who)-254(were)-253(ready)-254(to)-254(defend)-253(her)-254(honour)-253(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-219(cost)-219(of)-218(torture)-219(and)-219(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.119 3.958 Td [(4)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.097 -3.958 Td [(In)-219(the)-219(darkest)-218(days,)-225(the)-219(violence)-219(of)]TJ -130.216 -13.55 Td [(the)-275(bad)-275(princes)-275(spent)-275(itself)-276(on)-275(their)-275(nobles,)-281(on)-275(those)-275(whom)-275(they)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([3])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(feared,)-378(or)-352(whom)-352(they)-352(wished)-352(to)-352(plunder.)-557(The)-352(provinces,)-377(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-230(a)-229(Tiberius,)-234(a)-229(Nero,)-234(or)-229(a)-230(Domiti)1(an,)-234(enjoyed)-230(a)-229(freedom)-229(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oppression)-229(which)-228(they)-229(seldom)-229(enjoyed)-228(under)-229(the)-229(Republic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 256.523 3.959 Td [(5)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.133 -3.959 Td [(Just)]TJ -263.656 -13.549 Td [(and)-313(upright)-313(governors)-313(were)-313(the)-313(rule)-313(and)-313(not)-314(the)-313(exception,)-328(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(even)-446(an)-446(Otho)-445(or)-446(a)-446(Vitellius,)-494(tainted)-446(with)-446(every)-446(private)-445(vice,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(returned)-445(from)-446(their)-445(provincial)-445(governments)-446(with)-445(a)-445(reputation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-453(integrity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.361 3.959 Td [(6)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.856 -3.959 Td [(Municipal)-453(freedom)-453(and)-453(self-government)-453(were)]TJ -71.217 -13.549 Td [(probably)-274(at)-273(their)-274(height)-274(at)-273(the)-274(very)-273(time)-274(when)-274(life)-273(and)-274(liberty)-273(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(capital)-306(were)-306(in)-306(hourly)-307(peril.)-418(The)-306(great)-306(Stoic)-306(doctrine)-306(of)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(brotherhood)-329(and)-329(equality)-329(of)-328(men,)-349(as)-329(members)-329(of)-329(a)-328(world-wide)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commonwealth,)-297(which)-287(was)-288(destined)-287(to)-288(inspire)-287(legislation)-288(in)-287(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Antonine)-237(age,)-239(was)-236(openly)-237(preached)-237(in)-236(the)-237(reigns)-236(of)-237(Caligula)-236(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero.)-592(A)-364(softer)-364(tone)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 90.438 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(a)-364(modern)-364(note)-364(of)-364(pity)-364(for)-364(the)-364(miserable)]TJ -101.347 -13.549 Td [(and)-242(succour)-241(for)-242(the)-241(helpless)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.423 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(makes)-242(itself)-241(heard)-242(in)-241(the)-242(literature)]TJ -132.332 -13.55 Td [(of)-262(the)-261(first)-262(century.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 84 3.959 Td [(7)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.592 -3.959 Td [(The)-262(moral)-261(and)-262(mental)-262(equality)-261(of)-262(the)-262(sexes)]TJ -91.592 -13.549 Td [(was)-308(being)-307(more)-308(and)-308(more)-308(recognised)-307(in)-308(theory,)-322(as)-308(the)-307(capacity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(women)-328(for)-329(heroic)-328(action)-328(and)-328(self-sacrifice)-328(was)-328(displayed)-328(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-265(in)-265(the)-266(age)-265(of)-265(the)-265(tyranny)-266(and)-265(of)-265(the)-265(Stoic)-266(martyrs.)-295(The)-265(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cruelty)-274(and)-273(contempt)-274(for)-274(the)-274(slave)-273(will)-274(not)-274(give)-273(way)-274(for)-274(many)-273(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 187.079 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 52.998 180.267 Td [(3)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.233 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.031 0 Td [(xv.)-285(23;)-267(xvi.)-284(21,)-265(34;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.3 0 Td [(Agric.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.51 0 Td [(2,)-264(45;)-268(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.197 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.548 0 Td [(iii.)-285(16,)-264(\247)-261(10;)-268(vii.)-284(19,)-265(\247)]TJ -201.774 -10.959 Td [(3;)-250(iii.)-250(11,)-250(\247)-250(3;)-250(ix.)-250(13,)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 6.226 -7.311 Td [(4)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(60.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -42.58 -7.394 Td [(5)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.576 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.479 0 Td [(iv.)-434(6;)-343(i.)-434(80;)-342(xiii.)-434(50,)-327(51;)-342(xi.)-435(24;)-342(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 142.792 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-327(x.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.457 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.465 0 Td [(viii.;)-342(cf.)]TJ -251.658 -10.959 Td [(Merivale,)-224(vii.)-239(385;)-229(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 95.622 0 Td [(Ap\364tres)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(,)-224(p.)-239(308)-218(sqq;)-228(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.654 0 Td [(Morale)-217(de)-218(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 57.9 0 Td [(p.)-239(200.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -249.843 -7.311 Td [(6)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.981 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.432 0 Td [(v.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.738 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-462(iii.)-758(provinciam)-419(administravit)-420(moderatione)-419(atque)]TJ -94.039 -10.959 Td [(abstinentia)-250(singulari.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 6.227 -7.31 Td [(7)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.005 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.802 0 Td [(47;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.236 0 Td [(De)-290(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.011 0 Td [(,)-300(i.)-369(5;)-310(iii.)-370(24;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.002 0 Td [(De)-290(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.31 0 Td [(iv.)-370(11,)-299(\247)-290(3;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.263 0 Td [(De)-290(Brev.)-369(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.842 0 Td [(xiii.)]TJ -266.427 -10.959 Td [(\247)-286(7;)-303(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.641 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.765 0 Td [(iv.)-357(22;)-304(Juv.)-357(xiv.)-357(15)-286(sqq.;)-303(xv.)-358(131;)-303(D.)-286(Cass.)-357(lxvi.)-357(15;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 193.151 0 Td [(Or.)-357(Henz.)]TJ -244.557 -10.959 Td [(Inscr.)-248(Lat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.288 0 Td [(7244,)-246(Bene)-244(fac,)-246(hoc)-244(tecum)-245(feres;)-246(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 145.117 0 Td [(Hist.)-248(des)-245(Id\351es)-244(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 84.555 0 Td [(,)-246(ii.)]TJ -268.96 -10.959 Td [(156,)-250(172,)-250(181.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 189 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 190 0 R /Resources 188 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 173 0 R >> endobj 191 0 obj << /D [189 0 R /XYZ 181.124 463.978 null] >> endobj 188 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 194 0 obj << /Length 4651 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(6)-6671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(generation;)-349(but)-316(the)-316(slave)-315(is)-316(now)-316(treated)-316(by)-316(all)-316(the)-316(great)-315(leaders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-276(moral)-275(reform)-276(as)-276(a)-275(being)-276(of)-275(the)-276(same)-276(mould)-275(as)-276(his)-275(master,)-282(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(equal,)-250(if)-250(not)-250(his)-250(superior,)-250(in)-250(capacity)-250(for)-250(virtue.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-480(peculiar)-479(distinction)-480(of)-480(the)-480(Antonine)-479(age)-480(is)-480(not)-480(to)-479(be)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sought)-495(in)-496(any)-495(great)-495(difference)-495(from)-495(the)-496(age)-495(preceding)-495(it)-495(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conduct)-298(or)-297(moral)-298(ideals)-297(among)-298(the)-297(great)-298(mass)-298(of)-297(men.)-393(Nor)-297(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-422(claim)-423(any)-422(literary)-422(distinction)-422(of)-423(decided)-422(originality,)-465(except)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-317(the)-318(possession)-317(of)-318(the)-317(airy)-318(grace)-317(and)-318(half-serious)-317(mockery)-317(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucian.)-391(Juvenal,)-308(Tacitus,)-309(and)-297(the)-297(younger)-297(Pliny,)-309(Suetonius)-296(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Quintilian,)-468(Plutarch)-425(and)-424(Dion)-425(Chrysostom,)-468(were)-425(probably)-424(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dead)-266(before)-266(Antoninus)-266(Pius)-265(came)-266(to)-266(the)-266(throne.)-298(After)-265(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(reign)-336(pure)-337(Roman)-336(literature,)-358(in)-336(any)-336(worthy)-337(sense,)-358(is)-336(extinct;)-379(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dies)-323(away)-323(in)-323(that)-323(Sahara)-323(of)-323(the)-323(higher)-323(intellect)-323(which)-322(stretches)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forward)-199(to)-199(the)-200(Fall)-199(of)-199(the)-199(Empire.)-233(There)-200(is)-199(no)-199(great)-199(historian)-199(after)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([4])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus;)-330(there)-303(is)-304(no)-303(considerable)-303(poet)-304(after)-303(Statius)-303(and)-303(Juvenal,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(till)-309(the)-309(meteor-like)-309(apparition)-309(of)-309(Claudian)-309(in)-309(the)-309(ominous)-309(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(Honorius.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-212(material)-213(splendour)-212(and)-212(municipal)-212(life)-213(of)-212(the)-212(Antonine)-212(age)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(are)-281(externally)-281(its)-281(greatest)-281(glory.)-343(It)-281(was)-281(pre-eminently)-281(a)-281(sociable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-247(an)-247(age)-246(of)-246(cities.)-249(From)-246(the)-247(wall)-246(of)-247(Hadrian)-246(to)-246(the)-247(edge)-246(of)-246(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sahara)-266(towns)-266(sprang)-266(up)-266(everywhere)-266(with)-266(as)-266(yet)-266(a)-266(free)-266(civic)-266(life.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(It)-362(was)-362(an)-362(age)-362(of)-362(engineers)-362(and)-362(architects,)-390(who)-362(turned)-361(villages)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-389(cities)-388(and)-389(built)-388(cities)-389(in)-388(the)-389(desert,)-423(adorned)-389(with)-388(temples)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-226(stately)-225(arches)-226(and)-226(basil)1(icas,)-231(and)-226(feeding)-225(their)-226(fountains)-225(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-267(springs)-266(of)-267(distant)-267(hills.)-300(The)-267(rich)-266(were)-267(powerful)-267(and)-266(popular;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-306(never)-306(had)-307(they)-306(to)-306(pay)-306(so)-307(heavily)-306(for)-306(popularity)-306(and)-306(power.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-325(cost)-324(of)-325(civic)-325(feasts)-325(and)-324(games,)-344(of)-324(forums)-325(and)-325(temples)-324(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(theatres,)-264(was)-262(won)-261(by)-262(flattery,)-264(or)-262(extorted)-261(by)-262(an)-261(inexorable)-261(force)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-285(public)-286(opinion)-285(from)-286(their)-285(coffers.)-357(The)-285(poor)-286(were)-285(feasted)-285(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amused)-328(by)-329(their)-328(social)-328(superiors)-328(who)-329(received)-328(a)-328(deference)-328(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adulation)-392(expressed)-392(on)-392(hundreds)-392(of)-392(inscriptions.)-676(And)-392(it)-392(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-397(confessed)-397(that)-396(these)-397(records)-397(of)-397(ambitious)-397(munificence)-396(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(expectant)-458(gratitude)-457(do)-458(not)-457(raise)-458(our)-458(conception)-457(of)-458(either)-457(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(economic)-250(or)-250(the)-250(moral)-250(condition)-250(of)-250(the)-250(age.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 193 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 194 0 R /Resources 192 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 173 0 R >> endobj 195 0 obj << /D [193 0 R /XYZ 313.833 339.581 null] >> endobj 192 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 198 0 obj << /Length 4881 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11729(7)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(The)-597(glory)-597(of)-598(classic)-597(art)-597(had)-597(almost)-597(vanished;)-771(and)-597(yet,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(without)-281(being)-280(able)-280(to)-281(produce)-280(any)-281(works)-280(of)-281(creative)-280(genius,)-288(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inexhaustible)-362(vitality)-362(of)-361(the)-362(Hellenic)-362(spirit)-362(once)-362(more)-361(asserted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself.)-882(After)-461(a)-461(long)-460(eclipse,)-514(the)-460(rhetorical)-461(culture)-461(of)-460(Greece)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vigorously)-184(addressed)-184(itself)-184(in)-184(the)-184(reign)-184(of)-184(Hadrian)-184(to)-184(the)-183(conquest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-248(the)-248(West.)-249(Her)-248(teachers)-248(and)-248(spiritual)-248(directors)-248(indeed)-248(had)-247(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-480(in)-480(every)-479(family)-480(of)-480(note.)-939(Her)-480(sophists)-480(were)-480(now)-479(seen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(haranguing)-298(crowds)-298(in)-298(every)-297(town)-298(from)-298(the)-298(Don)-298(to)-298(the)-297(Atlantic.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-420(influence)-421(of)-420(the)-420(sophistic)-420(discipline)-421(in)-420(education)-420(will)-420(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(felt)-302(in)-302(the)-302(schools)-301(of)-302(Gaul,)-315(when)-302(Visigoth)-302(and)-302(Burgundian)-301(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-501(preparing)-502(to)-501(assume)-502(the)-501(heritage)-501(of)-502(the)-501(falling)-501(Empire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 276.147 3.959 Td [(8)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -276.147 -17.508 Td [(From)-375(the)-374(early)-375(years)-374(of)-375(the)-375(second)-374(century)-375(can)-374(be)-375(traced)-374(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-223(combined)-223(movement)-223(of)-223(the)-223(Neo-Pythagorean)-223(and)-223(Platonist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophies)-473(and)-473(the)-473(renovated)-473(paganism)-473(which)-473(made)-473(a)-472(last)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(stand)-301(against)-300(the)-301(conquering)-300(Church)-301(in)-300(the)-301(reigns)-300(of)-301(Julian)-300(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Theodosius.)-621(Philosophy)-373(became)-374(a)-374(religion,)-404(and)-374(devoted)-373(itself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-323(only)-323(to)-323(the)-323(private)-323(direction)-323(of)-323(character)-323(and)-323(the)-323(preaching)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(a)-295(higher)-295(life,)-306(but)-295(to)-295(the)-295(justification)-295(and)-295(unification)-295(of)-294(pagan)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([5])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(faith.)-272(In)-258(spite)-257(of)-258(its)-257(rather)-258(bourgeois)-257(ideal)-258(of)-257(material)-257(enjoyment)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-391(splendour,)-425(the)-391(Antonine)-391(age,)-425(at)-391(least)-391(in)-390(its)-391(higher)-390(minds,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-323(an)-323(age)-323(of)-323(a)-324(purified)-323(moral)-323(sense)-323(and)-323(religious)-323(intuition.)-469(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was,)-256(indeed,)-257(an)-255(age)-255(of)-255(spiritual)-255(contradict)1(ions.)-265(On)-255(the)-255(one)-255(hand,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-303(only)-303(was)-303(the)-302(old)-303(ritual)-303(of)-303(classical)-303(polytheism)-302(scrupulously)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observed)-160(even)-160(by)-160(men)-159(like)-160(Plutarch)-160(and)-160(M.)-160(Aurelius,)-178(but)-159(religious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imagination)-481(was)-481(appropriating)-481(the)-481(deities)-481(of)-481(every)-481(province,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(almost)-436(of)-436(every)-435(canton,)-483(embraced)-436(by)-435(the)-436(Roman)-436(power.)-807(At)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-273(same)-273(time)-273(the)-272(fecundity)-273(of)-273(superstition)-273(created)-273(hosts)-273(of)-272(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divinities)-409(and)-408(genii)-409(who)-409(peopled)-409(every)-408(scene)-409(of)-409(human)-408(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 276.147 3.959 Td [(9)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -276.147 -17.508 Td [(On)-468(the)-469(other)-468(hand)-468(syncretism)-469(was)-468(in)-468(the)-469(air.)-905(Amid)-468(all)-468(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confused)-402(ferment)-402(of)-402(devotion)-402(a)-402(certain)-402(principle)-402(of)-402(unity)-402(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(comprehension)-446(was)-446(asserting)-447(itself,)-495(even)-446(in)-446(popular)-446(religion.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-538(old)-538(gods)-538(were)-538(losing)-538(their)-538(sharp-cut)-538(individuality;)-682(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 52.998 81.071 Td [(8)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(Sid.)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.353 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(viii.)-250(6,)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.526 -7.311 Td [(9)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.729 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(iii.)-250(Ind.)-250(p.)-250(27)-250(sq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 197 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 198 0 R /Resources 196 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 200 0 R >> endobj 199 0 obj << /D [197 0 R /XYZ 135.995 287.839 null] >> endobj 196 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 203 0 obj << /Length 5089 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(8)-6671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(provinces)-383(and)-384(attributes)-383(of)-384(kindred)-383(deities)-383(tended)-384(to)-383(fade)-383(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-421(another,)-465(and)-421(melt)-421(into)-422(the)-421(conception)-421(of)-422(a)-421(single)-421(central)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Power.)-442(The)-314(religions)-314(of)-314(Egypt)-314(and)-314(the)-314(remoter)-314(East,)-330(with)-313(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inner)-488(monotheism,)-548(supported)-488(by)-489(the)-488(promise)-488(of)-488(sacramental)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(grace)-344(and)-345(the)-344(hope)-344(of)-344(immortality,)-368(came)-344(in)-345(to)-344(give)-344(impetus)-344(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(great)-265(spiritual)-266(movement.)-296(The)-265(simple)-266(peasant)-265(might)-266(cling)-265(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-251(favourite)-250(god,)-251(as)-251(his)-251(Neapolitan)-250(descendant)-251(has)-251(his)-250(favourite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(saint.)-232(But)-194(an)-195(Apuleius,)-206(an)-195(Apollonius,)-206(or)-195(an)-194(Alexander)-195(Severus)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.959 Td [(10)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(sought)-297(a)-296(converging)-297(spiritual)-297(support)-297(in)-296(the)-297(gods)-297(and)-296(mysteries)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(every)-250(clime.)]TJ 11.956 -14.541 Td [(Platonist)-273(philosophy)-273(strove)-273(to)-273(give)-273(rational)-273(expression)-273(to)-273(this)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(movement,)-225(to)-219(reconcile)-218(cultivated)-219(moral)-219(sense)-218(with)-219(the)-218(worships)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-280(the)-281(past,)-287(to)-281(find)-280(a)-280(bond)-280(between)-281(the)-280(vagrant)-280(religious)-280(fancies)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-210(the)-211(crowd)-210(and)-210(the)-211(remote)-210(esoteric)-210(faith)-211(of)-210(the)-210(philosophic)-210(few.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(On)-170(the)-169(higher)-170(minds,)-186(from)-169(whatever)-170(quarter,)-186(a)-169(spiritual)-170(vision)-169(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(opened,)-198(which)-185(was)-185(strange)-186(to)-185(the)-185(ancient)-185(world,)-198(the)-185(vision)-185(of)-185(One)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-328(is)-328(no)-328(longer)-327(a)-328(mere)-328(Force,)-348(but)-327(an)-328(infinite)-328(Father,)-347(Creator,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Providence)-365(and)-365(Guardian,)-393(from)-365(whom)-365(we)-364(come,)-394(to)-365(whom)-364(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(go)-348(at)-348(death.)-543(Prayer)-348(to)-348(Him)-347(is)-348(a)-348(communion,)-372(not)-348(the)-348(means)-347(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(winning)-294(mere)-295(temporal)-294(blessings;)-316(He)-294(is)-295(not)-294(gratified)-294(by)-294(bloody)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sacrifice;)-446(He)-380(is)-380(dishonoured)-381(by)-380(immoral)-381(legend.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.214 3.959 Td [(11)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.463 -3.959 Td [(He)-380(cannot)]TJ -234.677 -13.549 Td [(be)-367(imaged)-366(in)-367(gold)-366(or)-367(ivory)-367(graven)-366(by)-367(the)-366(most)-367(cunning)-366(hand,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([6])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(although)-295(the)-295(idealised)-295(human)-296(form)-295(may)-295(be)-295(used)-295(as)-295(a)-295(secondary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aid)-299(to)-299(devotion.)-398(These)-299(were)-299(some)-300(of)-299(the)-299(religious)-299(ideas)-299(current)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-355(the)-355(best)-355(men,)-382(Dion)-355(Chrysostom,)-381(Plutarch,)-381(Maximus)-355(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tyre,)-381(which)-355(the)-355(Neo-Platonic)-355(school)-355(strove)-355(to)-355(harmonise)-355(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-268(rites)-269(and)-268(legends)-268(of)-269(the)-268(past.)-305(The)-268(means)-269(by)-268(which)-268(they)-268(tried)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-323(do)-322(so,)-341(and)-322(the)-323(measure)-322(of)-322(their)-323(success,)-341(it)-322(is)-323(one)-322(purpose)-322(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-250(book)-250(to)-250(explain.)]TJ 11.956 -14.541 Td [(The)-371(Antonine)-371(age)-371(saw)-370(for)-371(a)-371(brief)-371(space)-371(the)-371(dream)-371(of)-370(Plato)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(realised,)-376(when)-350(kings)-351(should)-351(be)-350(philosophers,)-376(and)-350(philosophers)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 96.781 92.03 Td [(10)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.565 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.137 0 Td [(c.)-824(55,)-490(sacrorum)-441(pleraque)-441(initia)-442(in)-441(Graecia)-442(participavi,)-489(et)]TJ -62.658 -10.959 Td [(plurimos)-250(ritus)-250(...)-250(didici;)-250(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 121.8 0 Td [(Alex.)-250(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.345 0 Td [(c.)-250(29,)-250(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -155.907 -7.311 Td [(11)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.349 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(viii.;)-250(xi.)-250(\247)-250(3;)-250(xvii.;)-250(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 104.127 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247)-250(83.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 202 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 203 0 R /Resources 201 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 200 0 R >> endobj 204 0 obj << /D [202 0 R /XYZ 253.635 232.65 null] >> endobj 201 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 207 0 obj << /Length 5833 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11729(9)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(should)-462(be)-463(kings.)-887(Philosophy)-462(had)-463(given)-462(up)-463(its)-462(detached)-462(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(haughty)-299(reserve,)-312(or)-299(outspoken)-300(opposition)-299(to)-299(imperial)-300(power.)-397(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-193(second)-192(century)-193(it)-193(lent)-193(all)-192(its)-193(forces)-193(to)-193(an)-192(authority)-193(which)-193(in)-192(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hands)-304(of)-303(the)-304(Antonine)-303(princes)-304(seemed)-303(to)-304(answer)-303(to)-304(its)-303(ideals.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.958 Td [(12)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(The)-302(votaries)-303(of)-302(the)-302(higher)-303(life,)-315(after)-302(their)-303(persecution)-302(under)-302(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-389(cruel)-389(despot,)-424(rose)-389(to)-389(an)-389(influence)-389(such)-389(as)-389(they)-388(had)-389(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wielded)-303(save)-303(in)-303(the)-303(Pythagorean)-303(aristocracies)-303(of)-303(southern)-303(Italy.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Philosophy)-195(now)-195(began)-195(to)-195(inspire)-195(legislation)-195(and)-195(statesmanship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.959 Td [(13)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(Its)-208(professors)-208(were)-208(raised)-207(to)-208(the)-208(consulship)-208(and)-208(great)-207(prefectures.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Above)-221(all,)-227(it)-221(was)-221(incarnate,)-227(as)-221(it)-221(were,)-227(in)-221(the)-221(ruler)-221(who,)-226(whatever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-339(may)-340(think)-339(of)-340(his)-339(practical)-339(success,)-362(brought)-339(to)-340(the)-339(duties)-339(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(government)-299(a)-300(loftiness)-299(of)-300(spiritual)-299(detachment)-300(which)-299(has)-299(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-448(equalled)-447(by)-448(any)-447(ruler)-448(of)-447(men.)-843(Whether)-447(there)-448(was)-447(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corresponding)-383(elevation)-384(of)-383(conduct)-384(or)-383(moral)-383(tone)-384(in)-383(the)-383(mass)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-375(men)-376(may)-375(well)-376(be)-375(doubted)-376(by)-375(any)-376(one)-375(who)-376(has)-375(studied)-375(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(melancholy)-445(thoughts)-445(of)-445(the)-445(saintly)-445(emperor.)-835(Lucian)-445(and)-444(M.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aurelius)-384(seem)-384(to)-384(be)-383(as)-384(hopeless)-384(about)-384(the)-384(moral)-384(condition)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(humanity)-356(as)-357(Seneca)-356(and)-356(Petronius)-356(were)-356(in)-357(the)-356(darkest)-356(days)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.808 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-374(tyranny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.373 3.958 Td [(14)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.237 -3.958 Td [(Such)-374(opini)1(ons,)-405(indeed,)-404(have)-374(little)-373(scientific)]TJ -85.05 -13.55 Td [(value.)-415(They)-305(are)-305(often)-305(the)-305(result)-305(of)-306(temperament)-305(and)-305(ideals,)-318(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-294(trustworthy)-295(observation.)-382(But)-295(it)-294(would)-294(be)-295(rash)-294(to)-294(assume)-294(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heightened)-383(religious)-382(feeling)-383(and)-383(the)-382(efforts)-383(of)-383(philosophy)-382(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(within)-303(a)-303(hundred)-302(years)-303(worked)-303(any)-303(wide-spread)-302(transformation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-193(character.)-231(It)-192(was,)-204(however,)-204(a)-193(great)-192(step)-193(in)-193(advance)-192(that)-193(the)-192(idea)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-292(the)-291(principate,)-302(expounded)-292(by)-292(Seneca,)-302(and)-291(the)-292(younger)-291(Pliny,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-373(a)-373(clement,)-404(watchful,)-404(infinitely)-373(laborious)-373(earthly)-373(providence)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([7])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(had)-185(been)-185(realised)-184(since)-185(the)-185(accession)-184(of)-185(Trajan.)-228(It)-185(was)-185(easier)-185(to)-184(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtuous)-205(in)-205(the)-205(reign)-205(of)-204(M.)-205(Aurelius)-205(than)-205(in)-205(the)-205(reign)-205(of)-205(Nero,)-213(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-219(was)-219(especially)-219(easier)-219(for)-218(a)-219(man)-219(of)-219(the)-219(highest)-219(social)-219(grade.)-239(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.961 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 50.009 114.108 Td [(12)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(Les)-250(\311vangiles)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.059 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(382.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.169 -7.311 Td [(13)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.732 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.602 0 Td [(iv.)-342(420;)-297(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.633 0 Td [(Id\351es)-281(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.321 0 Td [(,)-289(ii.)-342(200)-281(sqq.;)-296(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.676 0 Td [(M.)]TJ -270.92 -10.958 Td [(Aur\350le)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.905 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(24)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.667 -7.311 Td [(14)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.318 0 Td [(Som.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.221 0 Td [(32;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.147 0 Td [(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.23 0 Td [(15;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.147 0 Td [(Charon)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.402 0 Td [(,)-291(15,)-292(20;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.824 0 Td [(Tim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.732 0 Td [(14,)-292(36;)-299(M.)-283(Aurel.)-350(v.)-350(10,)-291(33:)]TJ -178.977 -10.959 Td [(ix.)-250(29;)-250(34;)-250(x.)-250(19:)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.911 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(8;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.169 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(ii.)-250(17,)-250(20,)-250(22;)-250(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.962 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(88.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 206 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 207 0 R /Resources 205 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 200 0 R >> endobj 208 0 obj << /D [206 0 R /XYZ 199.893 179.445 null] >> endobj 205 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 211 0 obj << /Length 4750 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(10)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(example)-317(of)-318(the)-317(prince)-317(for)-318(good)-317(or)-317(evil)-318(must)-317(always)-317(powerfully)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-184(the)-183(class)-184(who)-184(are)-183(by)-184(birth)-183(or)-184(office)-184(nearest)-183(to)-184(the)-183(throne.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-339(bad)-340(example)-339(will)-339(be)-340(infinitely)-339(more)-339(corrupting)-340(when)-339(it)-339(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reinforced)-488(by)-489(terror.)-965(A)-488(fierce,)-549(capricious)-488(tyranny)-488(generates)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-412(class)-412(of)-412(vices)-412(which)-412(are)-412(perhaps)-412(more)-412(degrading)-412(to)-411(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dignity,)-244(and)-241(socially)-242(more)-242(dangerous,)-244(than)-242(the)-242(vices)-242(of)-242(the)-241(flesh.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-282(the)-282(reign)-282(of)-281(such)-282(men)-282(as)-282(Caligula,)-290(Nero,)-290(and)-282(Domitian)-281(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-235(stimulated)-234(the)-234(grossness)-235(of)-234(self-indulgence,)-238(but)-234(superadded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-322(treachery)-321(and)-322(servility)-322(of)-321(cowardice.)-465(In)-322(order)-322(to)-321(appreciate)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fully)-294(what)-293(the)-294(world)-293(had)-293(gained)-294(by)-293(the)-294(mild)-293(and)-294(temperate)-293(rule)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-262(the)-262(princes)-262(of)-262(the)-262(second)-262(century,)-265(it)-262(is)-262(necessary)-262(to)-262(revive)-262(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-250(moment)-250(the)-250(terrors)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Claudian)-250(Caesars.)]TJ 11.956 -17.075 Td [(The)-488(power)-488(of)-488(Seneca)-488(as)-488(a)-489(moral)-488(teacher)-488(has,)-547(with)-488(some)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(reservations,)-273(been)-269(recognised)-269(by)-268(all)-269(the)-269(ages)-268(since)-269(his)-269(time.)-305(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(equal)-284(recognition)-284(has)-284(hardly)-283(been)-284(given)-284(to)-284(the)-284(lurid)-284(light)-283(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-414(throws,)-456(in)-414(random)-415(flashes,)-455(on)-415(the)-414(moral)-415(conditions)-414(of)-414(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class)-447(under)-448(the)-447(tyranny)-447(of)-447(Caligula)-448(and)-447(Nero.)-842(This)-447(may)-447(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(due,)-312(perhaps,)-312(to)-300(a)-299(distrust)-300(of)-300(his)-299(artificial)-300(declamation,)-312(and)-299(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(falsetto)-283(note)-283(which)-284(he)-283(too)-283(often)-283(strikes)-284(even)-283(in)-283(his)-283(most)-283(serious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moments.)-646(Yet)-381(he)-382(must)-382(be)-382(an)-382(unsympathetic)-382(reader)-382(who)-381(does)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-406(perceive)-406(that,)-444(behind)-406(the)-406(moral)-406(teaching)-406(of)-406(Seneca,)-444(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lies)-335(an)-336(awful)-335(experience,)-357(a)-335(lifelong)-336(torture,)-356(which)-336(turns)-335(all)-335(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fair-seeming)-368(blessings)-368(of)-367(life,)-398(state)-367(and)-368(luxury)-368(and)-368(lofty)-367(rank,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-378(dust)-378(and)-378(ashes.)-633(There)-378(is)-378(a)-378(haunting)-378(shadow)-378(over)-377(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-207(never)-207(draws)-206(away,)-216(which)-206(sometimes)-207(deepens)-207(into)-207(a)-206(horror)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-309(darkness.)-427(In)-309(whatever)-309(else)-309(Seneca)-309(may)-309(have)-309(been)-309(insincere,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-439(veiled)-439(references)-439(to)-439(the)-439(terrors)-439(of)-439(the)-439(imperial)-439(despotism)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(come)-250(from)-250(the)-250(heart.)]TJ 11.956 -17.074 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.894 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-158(life)-157(almost)-158(coincides)-158(with)-157(the)-158(Julio-Claudian)-158(tyranny.)]TJ -46.483 -13.549 Td [(He)-311(had)-310(witnessed)-310(in)-311(his)-310(early)-311(manhood)-310(the)-311(gloomy,)-325(suspicious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rule)-392(of)-392(Tiberius,)-427(when)-392(no)-392(day)-392(passed)-392(without)-392(an)-392(execution,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.959 Td [(15)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(when)-367(every)-368(accusation)-367(was)-367(deadly,)-397(when)-367(it)-368(might)-367(be)-367(fatal)-367(for)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.847 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 96.781 69.951 Td [(15)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(108,)-250(\247)-250(22;)-250(cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.234 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(lxi.)-250(nullus)-250(a)-250(poena)-250(hominum)-250(cessavit)-250(dies.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 210 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 211 0 R /Resources 209 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 200 0 R >> endobj 209 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 214 0 obj << /Length 6323 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(11)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-364(poet)-364(to)-365(assail)-364(Agamemnon)-364(in)-364(tragic)-364(verse,)-393(or)-364(for)-364(a)-364(historian)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([8])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(to)-318(praise)-318(Brutus)-319(and)-318(Cassius,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 129.337 3.959 Td [(16)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.125 -3.959 Td [(when)-318(the)-318(victims)-319(of)-318(delation)-318(in)]TJ -141.462 -13.549 Td [(crowds)-220(anticipated)-219(the)-220(mockery)-220(of)-219(justice)-220(by)-220(self-inflicted)-219(death,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-456(drank)-455(the)-456(poison)-456(even)-456(in)-455(the)-456(face)-456(of)-456(the)-455(judges.)-867(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(incurred)-253(the)-253(jealous)-253(hatred)-254(of)-253(Caligula)-253(by)-253(a)-253(too)-253(brilliant)-253(piece)-253(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rhetoric)-199(in)-200(the)-199(Senate,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.081 3.959 Td [(17)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.754 -3.959 Td [(and)-199(he)-200(has)-199(taken)-199(his)-200(revenge)-199(by)-200(damning)]TJ -104.835 -13.549 Td [(the)-304(monster)-304(to)-303(eternal)-304(infamy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 133.539 3.959 Td [(18)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.955 -3.959 Td [(Not)-304(even)-304(in)-303(Suetonius)-304(is)-304(there)]TJ -146.494 -13.549 Td [(any)-394(tale)-395(more)-394(ghastly)-395(than)-394(that)-394(told)-395(by)-394(Seneca)-395(of)-394(the)-394(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knight)-334(whose)-334(son)-334(had)-333(paid)-334(with)-334(his)-334(life)-334(for)-334(a)-334(foppish)-333(elegance)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-390(irritated)-389(the)-390(tyrant.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.46 3.959 Td [(19)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.764 -3.959 Td [(On)-390(the)-389(evening)-390(of)-389(the)-390(cruel)-390(day,)]TJ -131.224 -13.549 Td [(the)-350(father)-351(received)-350(an)-350(imperial)-350(command)-351(to)-350(dine.)-551(With)-350(a)-350(face)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(betraying)-305(no)-304(sign)-305(of)-305(emotion,)-318(he)-305(was)-305(compelled)-304(to)-305(drink)-305(to)-304(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Emperor,)-414(while)-382(spies)-381(were)-382(eagerly)-381(watching)-382(every)-381(expression)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-315(his)-316(face.)-446(He)-315(bore)-315(the)-315(ordeal)-316(without)-315(flinching.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 224.671 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Do)-315(you)-316(ask)]TJ -229.515 -13.55 Td [(why?)-662(He)-387(had)-387(another)-388(son.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 122.592 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.068 0 Td [(Exiled)-387(to)-388(Corsica)-387(in)-387(the)-387(reign)-388(of)]TJ -131.66 -13.549 Td [(Claudius,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.52 3.959 Td [(20)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.434 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-341(bore)-341(the)-341(sentence)-340(with)-341(less)-341(dignity)-341(than)-341(he)]TJ -53.954 -13.549 Td [(afterwards)-329(met)-329(death.)-488(He)-329(witnessed)-329(the)-329(reign)-329(of)-329(the)-329(freedmen,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-371(infami)1(es)-371(of)-370(Messalina,)-401(the)-370(intrigues)-371(of)-370(Agrippina,)-401(and)-370(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treacherous)-394(murder)-394(of)-394(Britannicus;)-467(he)-394(knew)-394(all)-394(the)-394(secrets)-394(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-445(ghastly)-445(court.)-834(Installed)-445(as)-445(the)-445(tutor)-445(of)-445(the)-445(young)-444(Nero,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-457(doubtless,)-508(if)-456(we)-457(may)-456(judge)-457(by)-456(the)-456(treatise)-457(on)-456(Clemency,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strove)-241(to)-241(inspire)-242(him)-241(with)-241(a)-241(high)-241(ideal)-242(of)-241(monarchy)-241(as)-241(an)-241(earthly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(providence.)-328(He)-276(probably)-276(at)-276(the)-276(same)-276(time)-276(discovered)-276(in)-276(the)-276(son)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-320(Cn.)-460(Domitius)-320(Ahenobarbus)-320(and)-320(Agrippina)-320(the)-320(fatal)-320(heritage)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-284(a)-284(vicious)-284(blood)-284(and)-285(the)-284(omens)-284(of)-284(a)-284(ghastly)-284(reign.)-352(The)-284(young)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tiger)-273(was)-273(held)-272(on)-273(leash)-273(for)-272(the)-273(famous)-273(quinquennium)-273(by)-272(Burrus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-221(Seneca.)-240(It)-221(seemed)-221(only)-220(the)-221(device)-221(of)-221(a)-220(divine)-221(tragic)-221(artist,)-226(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-271(brief)-272(space)-271(of)-271(calm)-271(and)-272(innocence,)-276(to)-271(deepen)-272(the)-271(horror)-271(of)-271(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.16 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 50.009 136.347 Td [(16)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(61;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.625 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(34.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -96.14 -7.31 Td [(17)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lix.)-250(19;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 80.455 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(53.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -113.588 -7.311 Td [(18)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Nec.)-400(Inj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.665 0 Td [(xviii.;)-325(cf.)-400(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.661 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.864 0 Td [(50;)-325(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.652 0 Td [(De)-300(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.102 0 Td [(,)-313(i.)-400(20;)-325(iii.)-400(18;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.421 0 Td [(De)-300(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -243.321 -10.959 Td [(xiv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.605 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(xvii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.372 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(x.)-250(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.184 0 Td [(De)-250(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.596 0 Td [(iv.)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -179.569 -7.31 Td [(19)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.304 -7.311 Td [(20)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.235 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.032 0 Td [(xii.)-285(8;)-267(D.)-262(Cass.)-285(60.)-284(8;)-268(61.)-285(10;)-267(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 125.428 0 Td [(Ad)-262(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.813 0 Td [(13.)-285(2;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.135 0 Td [(Ad)-262(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.823 0 Td [(15.)]TJ -269.422 -10.959 Td [(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 213 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 214 0 R /Resources 212 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 200 0 R >> endobj 215 0 obj << /D [213 0 R /XYZ 289.219 518.175 null] >> endobj 212 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 218 0 obj << /Length 6394 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(12)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(catastrophe.)-435(And,)-327(for)-312(Seneca,)-327(life)-311(darkened)-312(terribly)-312(towards)-311(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(close.)-245(With)-233(high)-234(purposes)-234(for)-233(the)-234(commonweal,)-237(he)-234(had)-233(probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lent)-238(himself)-238(to)-238(doubtful)-238(means)-238(of)-238(humouring)-238(his)-238(wayward)-238(pupil,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-392(even)-392(to)-391(crime.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.4 3.958 Td [(21)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.835 -3.958 Td [(His)-392(enormous)-392(wealth,)-427(whether)-392(won)]TJ -119.235 -13.55 Td [(from)-394(imperial)-394(favour,)-430(or)-394(gained)-394(by)-394(usury)-394(and)-394(extortion,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 254.74 3.959 Td [(22)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.159 -3.959 Td [(his)]TJ -267.899 -13.549 Td [(power,)-422(his)-387(literary)-388(brilliance,)-422(aroused)-387(a)-388(host)-387(of)-388(enemies,)-421(who)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([9])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(blackened)-312(his)-312(character)-312(and)-313(excited)-312(the)-312(fears)-312(or)-312(the)-312(jealousy)-312(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero.)-620(He)-373(had)-373(to)-373(bear)-373(the)-374(unenviable)-373(distinction)-373(of)-373(a)-373(possible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pretender)-265(to)-264(the)-265(principate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 118.024 3.958 Td [(23)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.674 -3.958 Td [(He)-265(withdrew)-264(into)-265(almost)-264(monastic)]TJ -129.698 -13.55 Td [(seclusion,)-308(and)-296(even)-296(offered)-296(to)-296(resign)-296(his)-296(wealth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.599 3.959 Td [(24)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.703 -3.959 Td [(He)-296(strove)-296(to)]TJ -226.302 -13.549 Td [(escape)-218(the)-217(evil)-218(eyes)-218(of)-217(calumny)-218(and)-218(imperial)-217(distrust)-218(by)-218(the)-217(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abject)-238(renunciation.)-245(But)-238(he)-238(could)-237(not)-238(descend)-237(from)-238(the)-237(precipice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-256(which)-255(he)-256(hung;)-258(his)-255(elevation)-256(was)-255(a)-256(crucifixion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.175 3.959 Td [(25)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.375 -3.959 Td [(Withdrawn)]TJ -231.55 -13.549 Td [(to)-355(a)-354(remote)-354(corner)-355(of)-354(his)-355(palace,)-381(which)-354(was)-354(crowded)-355(with)-354(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(most)-425(costly)-425(products)-424(of)-425(the)-425(East,)-468(and)-425(surrounded)-425(by)-424(gardens)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-377(moved)-377(the)-377(envy)-377(of)-377(Nero,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 145.077 3.959 Td [(26)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.926 -3.959 Td [(the)-377(fallen)-377(statesman)-377(sought)]TJ -158.003 -13.549 Td [(calm)-264(in)-264(penning)-264(his)-264(counsels)-264(to)-263(Lucilius,)-268(and)-264(bracing)-264(himself)-263(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meet)-287(the)-286(stealthy)-287(stroke)-287(which)-287(might)-286(be)-287(dealt)-287(at)-286(any)-287(moment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.959 Td [(27)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(In)-230(reading)-230(many)-230(passages)-231(of)-230(Seneca,)-234(you)-230(feel)-230(that)-230(you)-230(are)-230(sitting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-248(some)-247(palace)-248(on)-248(the)-248(Esquiline,)-248(reading)-247(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 195.23 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.029 0 Td [(or)-248(listening)]TJ -231.259 -13.549 Td [(to)-286(the)-286(consolations)-285(of)-286(a)-286(Stoic)-286(director,)-294(while)-286(the)-286(centurion)-285(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(palace)-250(may)-250(at)-250(any)-250(moment)-250(appear)-250(with)-250(the)-250(last)-250(fateful)-250(order.)]TJ 11.955 -14.33 Td [(Seneca,)-678(like)-593(Tacitus,)-678(has)-593(a)-593(remarkable)-592(power)-593(of)-593(moral)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(diagnosis.)-1049(He)-516(had)-516(acquired)-517(a)-516(profound,)-583(sad)-516(knowledge)-516(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-404(pathology)-405(of)-404(the)-404(soul.)-713(It)-404(was)-404(a)-405(power)-404(which)-404(was)-404(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-302(necessity)-302(acquired)-302(in)-303(that)-302(time)-302(of)-302(terror)-302(and)-302(suspicion,)-315(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-290(lived)-290(in)-290(daily)-290(peril)-290(from)-290(seeming)-290(friends.)-370(There)-289(never)-290(was)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 96.781 147.711 Td [(21)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(For)-250(the)-250(worst)-250(charges)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 79.684 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxii.)-250(2;)-250(lxi.)-250(10;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.615 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(13.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -219.409 -7.31 Td [(22)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(D.)-295(Cass.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.002 0 Td [(l.c.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.957 0 Td [(;)-318(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.486 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.335 0 Td [(13.)-386(42.)-386(But)-295(cf.)-386(Seneca)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 83.002 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-295(reply,)-307(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.695 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.335 0 Td [(14.)-386(53,)]TJ -254.754 -10.959 Td [(and)-250(15.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 3.238 -7.311 Td [(23)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(15.)-250(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.569 -7.31 Td [(24)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.717 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(Frag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(108.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.066 -7.395 Td [(25)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.717 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.103 0 Td [(x.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.753 -7.31 Td [(26)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.717 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(i.)-250(18;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.6 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(14.)-250(52.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -98.623 -7.311 Td [(27)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.717 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(70,)-250(\247)-250(14;)-250(88,)-250(\247)-250(17;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.75 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(77;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.701 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(15;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.145 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(5,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 217 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 218 0 R /Resources 216 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 200 0 R >> endobj 219 0 obj << /D [217 0 R /XYZ 267.512 450.429 null] >> endobj 216 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 222 0 obj << /Length 5640 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(13)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-354(period)-355(when)-354(men)-355(more)-354(needed)-354(the)-355(art)-354(of)-355(reading)-354(the)-354(secrets)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-272(character.)-318(Nor)-272(was)-273(there)-272(ever)-272(a)-273(time)-272(when)-273(there)-272(were)-272(greater)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(facilities)-294(for)-294(the)-294(study.)-383(Life)-294(was)-294(sociable)-294(almost)-294(to)-294(excess.)-382(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-433(noble,)-478(unless)-432(he)-433(made)-433(himself)-432(deliberately)-433(a)-432(recluse,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spent)-306(much)-306(of)-306(his)-306(time)-306(in)-306(those)-306(social)-306(meeting-places)-306(of)-306(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-269(hear)-269(so)-269(often,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 75.14 3.959 Td [(28)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.454 -3.959 Td [(where)-269(gossip)-269(and)-269(criticism)-269(dealt)-269(mercilessly)]TJ -86.594 -13.549 Td [(with)-254(character,)-255(where)-254(keen)-254(wits)-254(were)-254(pitted)-254(against)-254(one)-254(another,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-172(in)-173(a)-172(deadly)-173(game,)-187(and)-173(where)-172(it)-173(might)-172(be)-172(a)-173(matter)-172(of)-172(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-206(death)-206(to)-207(pierce)-206(the)-206(armour)-206(of)-206(dissimulation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.052 3.958 Td [(29)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.036 -3.958 Td [(Seneca)-206(had)-206(long)]TJ -210.088 -13.55 Td [(shone)-204(in)-205(such)-204(circles.)-235(In)-204(his)-204(later)-204(years,)-214(if)-204(he)-204(became)-205(a)-204(recluse,)-213(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-186(also)-186(a)-186(spiritual)-186(director.)-229(And)-186(his)-186(Letters)-186(leave)-186(little)-185(doubt)-186(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-248(a)-248(restless)-249(or)-248(weary)-248(spirit)-248(laid)-248(bare)-249(its)-248(secret)-248(misery)-248(to)-248(him,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-266(advice)-266(or)-265(consolation.)-298(Knowing)-265(well)-266(the)-266(wildest)-266(excesses)-265(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([10])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(fantastic)-318(luxury,)-335(all)-318(the)-318(secrets)-318(of)-318(the)-318(philosophic)-318(confessional,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-403(miseries)-404(of)-403(a)-403(position)-404(oscillating)-403(between)-403(almost)-403(princely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(state)-512(and)-512(monastic)-512(renunciation,)-578(the)-512(minister)-512(of)-512(Nero,)-577(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-449(self-imposed)-450(cure)-449(of)-449(souls,)-499(had)-450(unrivalled)-449(opportunities)-449(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascertaining)-250(the)-250(moral)-250(condition)-250(of)-250(his)-250(class.)]TJ 11.956 -17.118 Td [(Seneca)-287(is)-288(too)-288(often)-287(a)-288(rhetorician,)-296(in)-288(search)-287(of)-288(striking)-287(effects)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(and)-598(vivid)-599(phrase.)-1295(And,)-685(like)-598(all)-598(rhetoricians,)-686(he)-598(is)-598(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inconsistent.)-238(At)-213(times)-213(he)-213(appears)-213(to)-213(regard)-213(his)-213(own)-213(age)-212(as)-213(having)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reached)-327(the)-328(very)-327(climax)-327(of)-327(insane)-328(self-indulgence.)-482(And)-327(yet,)-346(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-383(calmer)-383(mood,)-416(he)-383(declares)-383(his)-383(belief)-383(that)-383(the)-383(contemporaries)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-340(Nero)-339(were)-340(not)-340(worse)-339(than)-340(the)-340(contemporaries)-339(of)-340(Clodius)-339(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucullus,)-309(that)-297(one)-297(age)-297(differs)-297(from)-297(another)-297(rather)-297(in)-297(the)-296(greater)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prominence)-370(of)-370(different)-370(vices.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.408 3.959 Td [(30)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.126 -3.959 Td [(His)-370(pessimism)-370(extends)-370(to)-370(all)]TJ -150.534 -13.549 Td [(ages)-290(which)-289(have)-290(been)-290(allured)-289(by)-290(the)-290(charm)-289(of)-290(ingenious)-289(luxury)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-237(the)-237(simplicity)-237(of)-237(nature.)-245(In)-237(the)-237(fatal)-237(progress)-237(of)-237(society,)-239(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(artificial)-237(multiplication)-236(of)-237(human)-237(wants)-236(has)-237(corrupted)-237(the)-236(idyllic)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 50.009 114.108 Td [(28)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-299(vii.)-298(27,)-271(11;)-274(Juv.)-299(xi.)-298(4;)-275(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 121.365 0 Td [(Dial.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.571 0 Td [(1,)-270(5,)-271(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.733 0 Td [(De)-266(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.887 0 Td [(vii.)-299(22,)-270(2;)-274(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -219.512 -10.959 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(281.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -42.087 -7.31 Td [(29)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(33;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.652 0 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(xii.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -117.058 -7.311 Td [(30)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.719 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.706 0 Td [(97,)-287(\247)-279(2;)-294(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.094 0 Td [(De)-279(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.12 0 Td [(i.)-338(10,)-286(\247)-279(1.)-338(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.514 0 Td [(De)-279(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.915 0 Td [(,)-287(ii.)-337(8;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.676 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.707 0 Td [(95,)-287(\247)-279(20;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -248.407 -10.959 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(115,)-250(\247)-250(10.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 221 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 222 0 R /Resources 220 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 224 0 R >> endobj 223 0 obj << /D [221 0 R /XYZ 105.749 355.585 null] >> endobj 220 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 227 0 obj << /Length 5596 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(14)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(innocence)-310(of)-311(the)-310(far-off)-310(Eden,)-326(where)-310(the)-310(cope)-311(of)-310(heaven)-310(or)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cave)-400(was)-400(the)-399(only)-400(shelter,)-437(and)-400(the)-400(skin-clad)-400(savage)-400(made)-399(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meal)-284(on)-284(berries)-285(and)-284(slaked)-284(his)-284(thirst)-285(from)-284(the)-284(stream.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.84 3.959 Td [(31)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.316 -3.959 Td [(It)-284(is)-284(the)]TJ -247.156 -13.549 Td [(revolutionary)-259(dream)-258(of)-258(Rousseau,)-261(revolting)-259(from)-258(the)-258(oppression)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-407(artificial)-408(luxury)-407(of)-407(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 125.832 0 Td [(Ancien)-407(R\351gime)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 67.454 0 Td [(.)-722(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.497 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-407(state)-408(of)]TJ -238.416 -13.549 Td [(nature)-295(is)-295(the)-295(antithesis)-295(of)-295(the)-295(selfish)-295(and)-295(materialised)-295(society)-294(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-377(he)-377(lived.)-631(Our)-377(early)-377(ancestors)-377(were)-377(not)-377(indeed)-376(virtuous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-439(the)-438(strict)-438(sense.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 84.343 3.959 Td [(32)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.364 -3.959 Td [(For)-438(virtue)-439(is)-438(the)-439(result)-438(of)-439(struggle)-438(and)]TJ -101.707 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-181(guidance.)-227(But)-180(their)-181(instincts)-181(were)-180(good,)-195(because)-180(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-237(not)-238(tempted.)-245(They)-238(enjoyed)-237(in)-237(common)-238(the)-237(natural)-237(bounties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-290(mother)-290(earth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 70.859 3.959 Td [(33)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.51 -3.959 Td [(Their)-290(fierceness)-290(of)-291(energy)-290(spent)-290(itself)-290(on)-290(the)]TJ -83.369 -13.549 Td [(beasts)-321(of)-322(the)-321(chase.)-464(They)-322(lived)-321(peaceably)-322(in)-321(willing)-321(obedience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-229(the)-228(gentle)-229(paternal)-229(rule)-229(of)-228(their)-229(wisest)-229(and)-228(best,)-233(with)-229(no)-229(lust)-228(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gold)-277(or)-278(power,)-284(no)-277(jealousy)-277(and)-277(hatred,)-284(to)-278(break)-277(a)-277(contented)-277(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unenvious)-270(harmony.)-311(The)-270(great)-270(disturbers)-270(of)-270(this)-270(primeval)-270(peace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-342(avarice)-342(and)-341(luxury.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 110.839 3.959 Td [(34)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.198 -3.959 Td [(The)-342(moment)-341(when)-342(the)-342(first)-342(nugget)]TJ -125.037 -13.549 Td [(flashed)-251(its)-250(baleful)-251(temptations)-250(on)-251(the)-250(eyes)-251(of)-250(the)-251(roaming)-250(hunter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-209(the)-209(beginning)-209(of)-209(all)-209(human)-209(guilt)-209(and)-209(misery.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.042 3.959 Td [(35)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.047 -3.959 Td [(Selfish)-209(greed,)]TJ -221.089 -13.549 Td [(developing)-476(into)-476(insatiable)-476(appetite,)-532(is)-476(the)-476(original)-476(sin)-476(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([11])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(turned)-270(the)-270(garden)-270(into)-270(wilderness.)-310(In)-270(individualist)-270(cravings)-269(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lost)-345(hold)-346(on)-345(the)-345(common)-346(wealth)-345(of)-346(nature.)-536(Luxury)-345(entered)-345(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-329(downward)-330(course,)-349(in)-329(the)-329(search)-329(for)-330(fresh)-329(food)-329(and)-329(stimulus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-413(appetite,)-453(till)-413(merely)-413(superfluous)-412(pleasures)-413(led)-413(on)-413(to)-412(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-263(which)-264(untainted)-263(nature)-263(recoils.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.032 3.959 Td [(36)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.629 -3.959 Td [(Man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.997 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-263(boasted)-264(conquests)]TJ -194.29 -13.549 Td [(over)-324(nature,)-342(the)-324(triumphs)-324(of)-324(his)-323(perverted)-324(ingenuity,)-343(have)-323(bred)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(an)-296(illimitable)-296(lust,)-308(ending)-296(in)-296(wearied)-296(appetite;)-319(they)-296(have)-296(turned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-250(who)-250(were)-250(brothers)-250(into)-250(cunning)-250(or)-250(savage)-250(beasts.)]TJ 11.955 -17.985 Td [(Such)-337(a)-336(theory)-336(of)-337(society)-336(has,)-359(of)-336(course,)-358(no)-337(value)-336(or)-337(interest)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.445 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 96.781 125.633 Td [(31)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(90,)-250(\247)-250(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.095 -7.311 Td [(32)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(90,)-250(\247)-250(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.162 -7.31 Td [(33)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(90,)-250(\247)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.311 Td [(34)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(90,)-250(\247)-250(5,)-250(\247)-250(36,)-250(avaritia)-250(atque)-250(luxuria)-250(dissociavere)-250(mortales.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.394 Td [(35)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(90,)-250(\247)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.311 Td [(36)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(90,)-250(\247)-250(19.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 226 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 227 0 R /Resources 225 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 224 0 R >> endobj 228 0 obj << /D [226 0 R /XYZ 271.934 274.29 null] >> endobj 225 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 231 0 obj << /Length 5887 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(15)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-382(itself.)-646(Its)-381(interest,)-415(like)-382(that)-382(of)-382(similar)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 187.471 0 Td [(\340)-382(priori)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.248 0 Td [(dreams,)-415(lies)]TJ -226.719 -13.549 Td [(in)-329(the)-328(light)-329(which)-328(it)-329(sheds)-329(on)-328(the)-329(social)-328(conditions)-329(which)-328(gave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-341(birth.)-524(Like)-341(the)-341(Germany)-341(of)-341(Tacitus,)-364(and)-341(the)-341(Social)-341(Contract)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-523(Rousseau,)-592(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.689 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-523(theory)-524(of)-523(the)-524(evolution)-523(of)-523(humanity)]TJ -100.322 -13.55 Td [(is)-486(an)-487(oblique)-486(satire)-487(on)-486(the)-487(vices)-486(of)-487(his)-486(own)-487(age.)-959(And)-486(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-512(in)-511(Tacitus)-512(or)-512(Suetonius)-511(are)-512(to)-512(be)-511(found)-512(more)-511(ghastly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revelations)-521(of)-521(a)-521(putrescent)-521(society,)-589(and)-521(the)-521(ennui)-521(and)-521(self-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(loathing)-382(which)-381(capricious)-382(sensualism)-382(generates)-381(in)-382(spirits)-381(born)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-429(something)-428(higher.)-786(It)-429(may)-428(be)-429(worth)-429(noting)-428(that)-429(the)-428(vices)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-429(Seneca)-428(treats)-429(as)-428(most)-429(prevalent)-428(and)-429(deadly)-428(are)-429(not)-428(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(much)-202(those)-203(of)-202(sexual)-203(impurity,)-212(although)-202(they)-202(were)-203(rife)-202(enough)-202(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-248(day,)-248(as)-248(those)-248(of)-248(greed,)-248(gross)-248(luxury,)-248(treacherous)-248(and)-247(envious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cruelty,)-331(the)-316(weariness)-315(of)-315(jaded)-315(nerves)-315(and)-315(exhausted)-315(capacities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-370(indulgence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.721 3.958 Td [(37)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.126 -3.958 Td [(It)-370(is)-370(not)-370(the)-370(coarse)-370(vices)-371(of)-370(the)-370(Suburra,)-400(but)]TJ -78.847 -13.55 Td [(the)-312(more)-312(deadly)-311(and)-312(lingering)-312(maladies)-311(of)-312(the)-312(Quirinal)-312(and)-311(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Esquiline)-382(which)-383(he)-382(is)-383(describing.)-647(There)-382(is)-382(a)-383(universal)-382(lust)-382(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gold:)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 22.429 3.959 Td [(38)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.807 -3.959 Td [(riches)-370(are)-369(the)-370(one)-370(ornament)-369(and)-370(stay)-370(of)-369(life.)-609(And)-370(yet)]TJ -36.236 -13.549 Td [(in)-285(those)-285(days)-284(a)-285(great)-285(fortune)-285(was)-285(only)-284(a)-285(splendid)-285(servitude.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 261.631 3.959 Td [(39)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.334 -3.959 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.549 Td [(had)-285(to)-286(be)-285(guarded)-286(amid)-285(perpetual)-285(peril)-286(and)-285(envy.)-356(The)-285(universal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(greed)-303(and)-304(venality)-303(are)-303(worthily)-303(matched)-304(by)-303(the)-303(endless)-303(anxiety)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-214(those)-214(who)-214(have)-214(won)-214(the)-214(prize.)-238(Human)-214(life)-214(has)-214(become)-214(a)-214(scene)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-389(cruel)-389(and)-389(selfish)-389(egotism,)-423(a)-389(ferocious)-389(struggle)-389(of)-389(beasts)-388(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prey,)-243(eager)-241(for)-241(rapine,)-243(and)-241(heedless)-242(of)-241(those)-241(who)-241(go)-241(down)-241(in)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obscene)-309(struggle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.381 3.959 Td [(40)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.114 -3.959 Td [(It)-309(is)-308(an)-309(age)-308(when)-309(men)-309(glorify)-308(the)-309(fortunate)]TJ -89.495 -13.549 Td [(and)-319(trample)-319(on)-319(the)-319(fallen.)-456(The)-319(cunning)-319(and)-319(cruelty)-319(of)-319(the)-318(wild)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(beast)-303(on)-304(the)-303(throne)-304(have)-303(taught)-303(a)-304(lesson)-303(of)-304(dissimulation)-303(to)-303(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subject.)-364(At)-288(such)-288(a)-288(court)-288(it)-288(is)-289(a)-288(miracle)-288(to)-288(reach)-288(old)-288(age,)-297(and)-288(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([12])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(feat)-195(can)-195(only)-195(be)-195(accomplished)-195(by)-195(accepting)-195(insult)-195(and)-195(injury)-195(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-267(smiling)-267(face.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.295 3.959 Td [(41)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.747 -3.959 Td [(For)-267(him)-267(who)-267(goes)-266(undefended)-267(by)-267(such)-267(armour)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 50.009 114.43 Td [(37)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Brev.)-250(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.055 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(tarde)-250(ire)-250(horas)-250(queruntur;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 109.067 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(77;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.701 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(104,)-250(\247)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -209.43 -7.311 Td [(38)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(115,)-250(\247)-250(10;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.359 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(33;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.145 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(60;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.7 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(74.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -157.909 -7.311 Td [(39)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.605 0 Td [(vi.)-250(5,)-250(magna)-250(servitus)-250(est)-250(magna)-250(fortuna.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -46.323 -7.31 Td [(40)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -32.371 -7.311 Td [(41)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(33.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 230 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 231 0 R /Resources 229 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 224 0 R >> endobj 232 0 obj << /D [230 0 R /XYZ 84.377 165.896 null] >> endobj 229 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 235 0 obj << /Length 6132 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(16)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-354(hypocrisy)-354(there)-353(is)-354(always)-354(ready)-354(the)-353(rack,)-380(the)-354(poisoned)-353(cup,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-218(order)-219(for)-218(self-murder.)-239(It)-219(is)-218(characteristic)-218(of)-219(the)-218(detachment)-218(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-229(that)-229(he)-229(sees)-230(the)-229(origin)-229(of)-229(this)-229(hateful)-229(tyranny.)-243(No)-229(modern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-352(more)-353(clearly)-352(discerned)-352(the)-352(far-reaching)-353(curse)-352(of)-352(slavery.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.958 Td [(42)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(Every)-177(great)-176(house)-177(is)-176(a)-177(miniature)-176(of)-177(the)-176(Empire)-177(under)-176(a)-177(Caligula)-176(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero,)-193(a)-178(nursery)-178(of)-178(pretenders)-178(capable)-178(of)-178(the)-178(same)-178(enormities.)-226(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unchecked)-365(power)-365(of)-364(the)-365(master,)-394(which)-364(could,)-394(for)-365(the)-364(slightest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faults,)-443(an)-404(ill-swept)-405(pavement,)-442(an)-405(unpolished)-404(dish,)-443(or)-404(a)-404(sullen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(look,)-243(inflict)-241(the)-241(most)-241(brutal)-241(torture,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.165 3.958 Td [(43)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.118 -3.958 Td [(produced)-241(those)-241(cold)-241(hearts)]TJ -164.283 -13.55 Td [(which)-340(gloated)-339(over)-340(the)-339(agony)-340(of)-339(gallant)-340(men)-339(in)-340(the)-340(arena,)-361(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(applauded)-213(in)-213(the)-213(Senate)-213(the)-213(tyrant)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.137 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-213(latest)-213(deed)-213(of)-213(blood.)-238(And)-213(the)]TJ -149.77 -13.549 Td [(system)-327(of)-328(household)-327(slavery)-328(enervated)-327(character)-328(while)-327(it)-327(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-270(heartless)-271(and)-270(cruel.)-310(The)-271(Inscriptions)-270(confirm)-270(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 239.511 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-270(picture)]TJ -243.144 -13.549 Td [(of)-443(the)-442(minute)-442(division)-443(of)-442(functions)-443(among)-442(the)-443(household,)-490(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(anticipate)-271(every)-271(possible)-272(need)-271(or)-271(caprice)-271(of)-271(the)-272(master.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.479 3.959 Td [(44)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.889 -3.959 Td [(Under)]TJ -253.368 -13.549 Td [(such)-352(a)-352(system)-351(the)-352(master)-352(became)-352(a)-351(helpless)-352(dependent.)-555(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-356(real)-357(truth,)-383(under)-356(some)-357(ludicrous)-356(exaggeration,)-383(in)-357(the)-356(tale)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-330(Roman)-331(noble,)-350(taking)-331(his)-330(seat)-331(in)-330(his)-331(sedan)-330(after)-330(the)-331(bath,)-350(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(requiring)-250(the)-250(assurance)-250(of)-250(his)-250(slave)-250(that)-250(he)-250(was)-250(really)-250(seated.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 265.691 3.958 Td [(45)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -253.736 -19.467 Td [(It)-264(is)-265(little)-264(wonder)-265(that)-264(on)-265(such)-264(lives)-264(an)-265(utter)-264(weariness)-265(should)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(settle,)-444(the)-406(disgust)-405(of)-406(oversated)-405(appetite,)-445(which)-405(even)-406(the)-405(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far-fetched)-416(luxuries)-415(of)-416(the)-416(orient,)-457(the)-415(most)-416(devilish)-415(ingenuity)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-470(morbid)-471(vice,)-525(could)-470(hardly)-471(arouse.)-911(Yet)-470(these)-470(jaded)-470(souls)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-359(tortured)-359(by)-359(an)-359(aimless)-359(restlessness,)-386(which)-359(frets)-359(and)-359(chafes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-497(the)-498(slow)-497(passing)-498(of)-497(the)-497(hours,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.484 3.959 Td [(46)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.569 -3.959 Td [(or)-497(vainly)-498(hopes)-497(to)-498(find)]TJ -171.053 -13.549 Td [(relief)-421(in)-421(change)-422(of)-421(scene.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.824 3.959 Td [(47)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.799 -3.959 Td [(The)-421(more)-421(energetic)-422(spirits,)-464(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.322 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 96.781 158.51 Td [(42)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.128 0 Td [(iii.)-644(35,)-414(deinde)-381(idem)-381(de)-382(republica)-381(libertatem)-381(sublatam)-381(quereris)-381(quam)]TJ -25.084 -10.959 Td [(domi)-250(sustulisti.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 3.238 -7.311 Td [(43)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.122 0 Td [(iii.)-307(24,)-274(32;)-278(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.495 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.112 0 Td [(49,)-274(53;)-278(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.062 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.615 0 Td [(47,)-274(\247)-269(10;)-278(Juv.)-307(vi.)-307(490;)-279(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 100.813 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.412 0 Td [(i.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.174 -7.311 Td [(44)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.017 0 Td [(Rel.)-288(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.81 0 Td [(ii.)-288(353;)-269(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.411 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.037 0 Td [(i.)-288(142;)-269(Wallon,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.696 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Escl.)-288(dans)-263(l)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 42.05 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -265.934 -10.958 Td [(ii.)-250(146.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 3.238 -7.395 Td [(45)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Brev.)-250(V.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.07 0 Td [(xiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.72 -7.31 Td [(46)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(transilire)-250(dies)-250(volunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.311 Td [(47)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(104,)-250(\247)-250(15;)-250(89,)-250(\247)-250(20;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 72.233 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(28.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 234 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 235 0 R /Resources 233 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 224 0 R >> endobj 233 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 239 0 obj << /Length 6882 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(17)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(no)-407(wholesome)-407(field)-407(for)-407(energy,)-446(developed)-407(into)-407(a)-407(class)-406(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obtained)-255(the)-254(name)-255(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.727 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Ardeliones.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.596 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.621 0 Td [(Seneca,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.622 3.959 Td [(48)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.258 -3.959 Td [(Martial,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.843 3.959 Td [(49)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.258 -3.959 Td [(and)-255(the)]TJ -248.769 -13.549 Td [(younger)-350(Pliny)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.602 3.959 Td [(50)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.28 -3.959 Td [(have)-349(left)-350(us)-349(pictures)-350(of)-349(these)-350(idle)-349(busybodies,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.142 0 Td [([13])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(hurrying)-444(round)-445(the)-444(forums,)-493(theatres,)-493(and)-445(great)-444(houses,)-493(in)-444(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(idle)-334(quest)-335(of)-334(some)-335(trivial)-334(object)-335(of)-334(interest,)-356(waiting)-334(on)-334(patrons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-216(ignore)-216(their)-216(existence,)-223(following)-216(some)-216(stranger)-216(to)-216(the)-216(grave,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rushing)-313(pell-mell)-313(to)-313(the)-313(wedding)-312(of)-313(a)-313(much-married)-313(lady,)-329(or)-312(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-340(scene)-340(in)-340(the)-339(law)-340(courts,)-363(returning)-340(at)-339(nightfall,)-363(worn)-340(out)-339(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-242(silly)-243(labours,)-244(to)-242(tread)-243(the)-242(same)-243(weary)-242(round)-243(next)-242(day.)-247(Less)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(innocent)-329(were)-330(they)-329(who)-330(daily)-329(gathered)-330(in)-329(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 206.285 0 Td [(circuli)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.484 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(51)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.279 -3.959 Td [(to)-329(hear)]TJ -249.775 -13.549 Td [(and)-225(spread)-225(the)-225(wildest)-224(rumours)-225(about)-225(the)-225(army)-225(on)-225(the)-225(frontier,)-229(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kill)-275(a)-275(woman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.513 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-275(reputation)-275(with)-275(a)-275(hint,)-281(to)-275(find)-275(a)-275(sinister)-275(meaning)]TJ -61.146 -13.549 Td [(in)-433(some)-433(imperial)-433(order,)-479(or)-434(to)-433(gloat)-433(in)-433(whispers)-433(over)-433(the)-433(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(highly-coloured)-235(tale)-234(of)-235(folly)-234(or)-235(dark)-234(guilt)-235(from)-234(the)-235(palace.)-245(It)-234(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-387(perilous)-388(enjoyment,)-421(for,)-422(with)-387(a)-387(smiling)-388(face,)-421(some)-387(seeming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friend)-334(was)-334(probably)-334(noting)-334(every)-334(hint)-334(which)-334(might)-334(be)-333(tortured)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-324(an)-324(accusation)-324(before)-324(the)-324(secret)-323(tribunal)-324(on)-324(the)-324(Palatine,)-342(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(angling)-239(for)-239(a)-238(sneer)-239(which)-239(might)-239(cost)-238(its)-239(author)-239(a)-239(fortune,)-241(or)-238(send)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-250(to)-250(the)-250(rocks)-250(of)-250(Gyarus.)]TJ 11.956 -14.291 Td [(In)-205(reading)-205(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 77.174 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-205(writings,)-214(especially)-205(those)-206(of)-205(his)-205(last)-205(years,)]TJ -92.763 -13.549 Td [(you)-345(are)-346(conscious)-345(of)-345(a)-346(horror)-345(which)-345(hardly)-346(ever)-345(takes)-345(definite)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shape,)-451(a)-411(thick)-410(stifling)-411(air,)-451(as)-411(it)-410(were,)-451(charged)-411(with)-410(lightning.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Again)-374(and)-374(again,)-405(you)-374(feel)-374(a)-374(dim)-374(terror)-374(closing)-374(in)-374(silently)-373(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stealthily,)-365(with)-342(sudden)-342(glimpses)-342(of)-342(unutterable)-342(torture,)-365(of)-342(cord)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-189(rack)-190(and)-189(flaming)-190(tunic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.029 3.959 Td [(52)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.975 -3.959 Td [(You)-189(seem)-190(to)-189(see)-190(the)-189(sage)-189(tossing)-190(on)]TJ -128.004 -13.549 Td [(his)-180(couch)-180(of)-179(purple)-180(under)-180(richly)-179(panelled)-180(ceilings)-180(of)-180(gold,)-193(starting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-290(every)-291(sound)-290(in)-290(the)-290(wainscot,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.328 3.959 Td [(53)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.745 -3.959 Td [(as)-290(he)-291(awaits)-290(the)-290(messenger)-290(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.614 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 50.009 147.802 Td [(48)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.772 -7.311 Td [(49)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(ii.)-250(7,)-250(8)-250(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.059 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(note)-250(on)-250(the)-250(word)-250(in)-250(Friedl\344nder)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 113.308 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(ed.\051;)-250(iv.)-250(78.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -183.535 -7.394 Td [(50)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(i.)-250(9;)-250(cf.)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.547 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(271.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -139.967 -7.395 Td [(51)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-402(xi.)-403(4;)-326(Mart.)-403(vii.)-402(97;)-326(Quintil.)-403(vi.)-402(3,)-314(105;)-326(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 185.805 0 Td [(De)-301(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.014 0 Td [(xii.)-402(\247)-301(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.4 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.958 Td [(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(vii.)-250(22,)-250(2;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.619 0 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.61 0 Td [(i.)-250(5,)-250(4;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.035 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(201)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -173.346 -7.395 Td [(52)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(xx.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.103 0 Td [(x.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(94)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.207 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.919 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(70.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -179.079 -7.394 Td [(53)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.456 0 Td [(90,)-391(\247)-363(43,)-391(at)-363(vos)-362(ad)-363(omnem)-363(tectorum)-363(pavetis)-362(sonum)-363(et)-363(inter)-363(picturas)]TJ -27.412 -10.959 Td [(vestras,)-250(si)-250(quid)-250(increpuit,)-250(fugitis)-250(attoniti.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 238 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 239 0 R /Resources 237 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 224 0 R >> endobj 240 0 obj << /D [238 0 R /XYZ 275.583 491.077 null] >> endobj 241 0 obj << /D [238 0 R /XYZ 184.569 178.704 null] >> endobj 237 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 244 0 obj << /Length 6253 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(18)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(death.)-409(It)-302(is)-303(not)-303(so)-303(much)-303(that)-303(Seneca)-303(fears)-303(death)-302(itself,)-316(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-389(may)-390(suspect)-389(that)-389(his)-390(nerves)-389(sometimes)-389(gave)-390(the)-389(lie)-389(to)-389(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(principles.)-522(He)-341(often)-341(hails)-341(death)-340(as)-341(welcome)-341(at)-341(any)-340(age,)-364(as)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deliverer)-370(who)-370(strikes)-370(off)-371(the)-370(chain)-370(and)-370(opens)-370(the)-370(prison)-370(door,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-408(one)-407(harbour)-407(on)-408(a)-407(tempestuous)-408(and)-407(treacherous)-408(sea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.561 3.959 Td [(54)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.349 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(is)-345(grateful)-345(for)-345(having)-346(always)-345(open)-345(this)-345(escape)-345(from)-345(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 249.592 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-345(long)]TJ -253.225 -13.549 Td [(torture,)-255(and)-253(boldly)-254(claims)-253(the)-254(right)-254(to)-253(anticipate)-254(the)-253(executioner.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-274(gloom)-274(of)-273(Seneca)-274(seems)-274(rather)-274(to)-274(spring)-273(from)-274(a)-274(sense)-274(of)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terrible)-376(contrast)-376(between)-375(wealth)-376(and)-376(state)-376(and)-376(an)-375(ignominious)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([14])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(doom)-328(which)-328(was)-328(ever)-328(ready)-328(to)-328(fall.)-484(And)-328(to)-328(his)-328(fevered)-327(eye)-328(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stately)-270(rank)-270(seems)-270(at)-271(last)-270(but)-270(a)-270(precipice)-270(overhanging)-270(the)-270(abyss,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-258(mark)-258(for)-257(treacherous)-258(envy)-258(or)-258(the)-257(spitefulness)-258(of)-258(Fortune.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 256.46 3.959 Td [(55)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 11.45 -3.959 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(A)]TJ -272.754 -13.549 Td [(great)-246(fortune)-246(is)-246(a)-246(great)-247(servitude,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.385 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(56)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.153 -3.959 Td [(which,)-247(if)-246(it)-246(has)-246(been)-246(hard)-247(to)]TJ -159.381 -13.549 Td [(win,)-294(is)-285(harder)-284(still)-285(to)-285(guard.)-355(And)-285(all)-285(life)-285(is)-285(full)-285(of)-285(these)-284(pathetic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(contrasts.)-310(Pleasure)-269(is)-270(nearest)-270(neighbour)-270(to)-270(pain;)-280(the)-270(summer)-269(sea)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-317(a)-317(moment)-317(is)-317(boiling)-317(in)-317(the)-316(tempest;)-351(the)-317(labour)-317(of)-317(long)-316(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-393(scattered)-393(in)-394(a)-393(day;)-464(there)-394(is)-393(always)-393(terror)-393(lurking)-393(under)-393(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deepest)-358(peace.)-572(And)-358(so)-357(we)-358(reach)-358(the)-357(sad)-358(gospel)-357(of)-358(a)-357(universal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pessimism;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.513 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(nothing)-353(is)-353(so)-353(deceitful)-353(and)-352(treacherous)-353(as)-353(the)-353(life)]TJ -58.357 -13.55 Td [(of)-288(man.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.74 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(57)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.608 -3.959 Td [(No)-288(one)-288(would)-287(knowingly)-288(accept)-288(such)-288(a)-288(fatal)-287(gift,)-298(of)]TJ -50.191 -13.549 Td [(which)-228(the)-228(best)-229(that)-228(can)-228(be)-228(said)-229(is)-228(that)-228(the)-228(torture)-228(is)-229(short,)-232(that)-228(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-306(moment)-306(of)-306(existence)-306(is)-306(the)-307(first)-306(stage)-306(to)-306(the)-306(grave.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.781 3.959 Td [(58)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.031 -3.959 Td [(Thus)]TJ -258.812 -13.549 Td [(to)-269(Seneca,)-273(with)-269(all)-269(his)-268(theoretical)-269(indifference)-269(to)-269(things)-268(external)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-296(the)-297(virtuous)-296(will,)-308(with)-297(all)-296(his)-296(admiration)-297(for)-296(the)-296(invulnerable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wisdom,)-290(withdrawn)-283(in)-282(the)-282(inner)-282(citadel)-282(of)-283(the)-282(soul,)-290(and)-282(defying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-307(worst)-308(that)-307(tyrants)-308(or)-307(fortune)-307(could)-308(inflict,)-322(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 220.92 0 Td [(taedium)-307(vitae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -220.92 -13.549 Td [(became)-318(almost)-319(unendurable.)-455(The)-319(interest)-318(of)-319(all)-318(this)-318(lies,)-336(not)-318(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.895 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-301(inconsistency,)-314(but)-301(in)-302(the)-301(nightmare)-301(which)-301(brooded)-301(on)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.578 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 96.781 136.682 Td [(54)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.478 0 Td [(70,)-394(\247)-365(14;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.749 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.478 0 Td [(88,)-394(\247)-365(17,)-394(malis)-365(paratus)-366(sum;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 110.345 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.478 0 Td [(24,)-394(\247)-365(11;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.75 0 Td [(Ad)-365(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -244.234 -10.959 Td [(ix.)-663(nullus)-388(portus)-388(nisi)-387(mortis;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 112.393 0 Td [(Ad)-388(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.577 0 Td [(xx.)-663(mors)-388(quae)-388(efficit)-387(ut)-388(nasci)-388(non)]TJ -150.97 -10.959 Td [(supplicium)-250(sit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 3.238 -7.394 Td [(55)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(x.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -44.825 -7.394 Td [(56)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.605 0 Td [(vi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -46.323 -7.395 Td [(57)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(xxii.)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -44.825 -7.394 Td [(58)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.604 0 Td [(ix.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.952 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(77;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.701 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(xxi.)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 243 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 244 0 R /Resources 242 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 224 0 R >> endobj 245 0 obj << /D [243 0 R /XYZ 144.901 409.782 null] >> endobj 242 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 248 0 obj << /Length 5466 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(19)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(such)-250(minds)-250(in)-250(the)-250(reign)-250(of)-250(Nero.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(Something)-194(of)-194(the)-194(gloom)-193(of)-194(Seneca)-194(was)-194(part)-194(of)-194(the)-194(evil)-193(heritage)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-422(a)-423(class,)-465(commanding)-423(inexhaustible)-422(wealth)-423(and)-422(assailed)-422(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(boundless)-169(temptations)-170(to)-169(self-indulgence,)-185(which)-170(had)-169(been)-169(offered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-349(the)-349(conquest)-349(of)-349(East)-348(and)-349(West.)-547(The)-349(weary)-349(senses)-349(failed)-348(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respond)-292(to)-293(the)-292(infinite)-292(sensual)-293(seductions)-292(which)-292(surrounded)-292(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-452(noble)-452(from)-452(his)-452(earliest)-452(years.)-856(If)-452(he)-452(did)-452(not)-451(succeed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-473(squandering)-473(his)-473(fortune,)-528(he)-473(often)-473(exhausted)-473(too)-473(early)-472(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capacity)-246(for)-245(healthy)-246(joy)-245(in)-246(life,)-246(and)-245(the)-246(nemesis)-245(of)-246(sated)-245(appetite)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-457(disillusionment)-457(too)-458(surely)-457(cast)-457(its)-457(shadow)-457(over)-457(his)-457(later)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years.)-585(Prurient)-362(slander)-362(was)-361(rife)-362(in)-362(those)-362(days,)-389(and)-362(we)-362(are)-361(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bound)-240(to)-240(accept)-240(all)-240(its)-240(tales)-240(about)-241(Seneca.)-246(Yet)-240(there)-240(are)-240(passages)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-455(his)-454(writings)-455(which)-454(leave)-455(the)-455(impression)-454(that,)-506(although)-454(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-263(have)-263(cultivated)-262(a)-263(Pythagorean)-263(asceticism)-263(in)-262(his)-263(youth,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 258.962 3.958 Td [(59)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.37 -3.958 Td [(he)]TJ -270.332 -13.55 Td [(did)-322(not)-323(altogether)-322(escape)-322(the)-322(taint)-323(of)-322(his)-322(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.376 3.959 Td [(60)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.56 -3.959 Td [(His)-322(enormous)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.088 0 Td [([15])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(fortune)-334(did)-334(not)-334(all)-334(come)-333(by)-334(happy)-334(chance)-334(or)-334(the)-334(bounty)-334(of)-333(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.077 3.959 Td [(61)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.926 -3.959 Td [(His)-176(gardens)-176(and)-176(palace,)-191(with)-176(all)-176(its)-176(priceless)-176(furniture,)]TJ -50.003 -13.549 Td [(must)-384(have)-385(been)-384(acquired)-384(because)-384(at)-384(one)-385(time)-384(he)-384(felt)-384(pleasure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-334(such)-333(luxuries.)-501(A)-334(soul)-333(so)-334(passionate)-334(in)-333(its)-334(renunciation)-333(may,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(according)-220(to)-220(laws)-219(of)-220(human)-220(nature,)-226(have)-219(been)-220(once)-220(as)-219(passionate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-191(indulgence.)-230(In)-191(his)-191(case,)-203(as)-191(so)-191(often)-191(in)-191(the)-191(history)-191(of)-191(the)-190(Church,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(saint)-250(may)-250(have)-250(had)-250(a)-250(terrible)-250(repentance.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(It)-257(is)-257(probable,)-259(however,)-259(that)-257(this)-257(pessimism)-257(is)-257(more)-257(the)-257(result)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-431(the)-431(contrast)-431(between)-432(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.013 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-431(ideal)-431(of)-431(the)-431(principate,)-477(and)]TJ -146.646 -13.55 Td [(the)-442(degradation)-443(of)-442(its)-443(power)-442(in)-442(the)-443(hands)-442(of)-443(his)-442(pupil)-442(Nero.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-402(may)-403(have)-402(been)-403(regarded)-402(once)-402(as)-403(a)-402(possible)-402(candidate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-278(the)-278(throne,)-285(but)-278(he)-278(was)-278(no)-278(conspirator)-277(or)-278(revolutionary.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 255.8 3.959 Td [(62)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.11 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(would)-192(have)-191(condemned)-192(the)-191(visionaries)-191(whose)-192(rudeness)-191(provoked)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 50.009 136.187 Td [(59)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.913 0 Td [(108,)-315(\247)-302(17.)-407(He)-302(adopted)-302(the)-303(Pythagorean)-302(discipline)-302(under)-302(the)-302(influence)]TJ -26.869 -10.959 Td [(of)-324(Sotion,)-343(a)-324(pupil)-325(of)-324(Sextius,)-343(but)-324(gave)-324(it)-325(up)-324(on)-324(the)-325(proscription)-324(of)-324(suspected)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(rites)-265(in)-266(the)-265(reign)-265(of)-266(Tiberius,)-269(cf.)-296(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 138.407 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.582 0 Td [(36;)-273(cf.)-296(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.838 0 Td [(Die)-265(Phil.)-296(der)-266(Gr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.084 0 Td [(iii.)]TJ -270.911 -10.959 Td [(1,)-250(605.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 3.238 -7.311 Td [(60)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(62.)-250(2;)-250(61.)-250(10.)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(641,)-250(n.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -8.718 -7.31 Td [(61)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.377 0 Td [(l.c.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.095 -7.311 Td [(62)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)-250(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(xv.)-250(55.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 247 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 248 0 R /Resources 246 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 251 0 R >> endobj 249 0 obj << /D [247 0 R /XYZ 202.89 342.036 null] >> endobj 250 0 obj << /D [247 0 R /XYZ 81.686 328.486 null] >> endobj 246 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 254 0 obj << /Length 5889 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(20)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(even)-264(the)-265(tolerant)-264(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.471 3.959 Td [(63)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.666 -3.959 Td [(In)-264(a)-265(letter,)-268(which)-264(must)-264(have)-265(been)]TJ -135.137 -13.549 Td [(written)-176(during)-176(the)-177(Neronian)-176(terror,)-191(he)-176(emphatically)-176(repudiates)-176(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(idea)-231(that)-231(the)-231(votaries)-231(of)-231(philosophy)-231(are)-231(refractory)-231(subjects.)-243(Their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-342(need)-341(is)-342(quiet)-342(and)-341(security.)-525(They)-342(should)-342(surely)-341(reverence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(him)-311(who,)-327(by)-311(his)-311(sleepless)-312(watch,)-326(guards)-312(what)-311(they)-311(most)-311(value,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(just)-306(as,)-320(on)-306(a)-307(merchantman,)-320(the)-306(owner)-306(of)-306(the)-306(most)-306(precious)-306(part)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-236(the)-235(cargo)-236(will)-235(be)-236(most)-235(grateful)-236(for)-236(the)-235(protection)-236(of)-235(the)-236(god)-235(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-327(sea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.551 3.959 Td [(64)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.698 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-326(would)-327(have)-326(his)-327(philosophic)-326(brethren)-327(give)-326(no)]TJ -47.249 -13.549 Td [(offence)-263(by)-264(loud)-263(self-assertion)-264(or)-263(a)-264(parade)-263(of)-264(superior)-263(wisdom.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.958 Td [(65)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(In)-351(that)-351(deceitful)-351(dawn)-351(of)-351(his)-351(pupil)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 154.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-351(reign,)-376(Seneca)-351(had)-351(written)]TJ -158.1 -13.549 Td [(a)-325(treatise)-326(in)-325(which)-325(he)-325(had)-326(striven)-325(to)-325(charm)-325(him)-326(by)-325(the)-325(ideal)-325(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-281(paternal)-281(monarchy,)-288(in)-281(the)-280(consciousness)-281(of)-281(its)-281(god-like)-280(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-288(delighting)-287(in)-288(mercy)-288(and)-287(pity,)-297(tender)-288(to)-288(the)-287(afflicted,)-297(gentle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-261(to)-262(the)-261(criminal.)-285(It)-261(is)-261(very)-262(much)-261(the)-262(ideal)-261(of)-262(Pliny)-261(and)-261(Dion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Chrysostom)-435(under)-435(the)-435(strong)-435(and)-435(temperate)-435(rule)-435(of)-435(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.959 Td [(66)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(Addressed)-227(to)-227(one)-227(of)-227(the)-227(worst)-227(emperors,)-231(it)-227(seems,)-232(to)-227(one)-226(looking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(back,)-326(almost)-310(a)-311(satire.)-432(Yet)-310(we)-311(should)-311(remember)-310(that,)-326(strange)-310(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-307(may)-307(seem,)-322(Nero,)-322(with)-307(all)-307(his)-307(wild)-307(depravity,)-322(appears)-307(to)-307(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-336(a)-337(strange)-336(charm)-336(for)-337(many,)-358(even)-336(to)-336(the)-337(end.)-509(The)-336(men)-336(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(trembled)-274(under)-274(the)-274(sombre)-274(and)-274(hypocritical)-274(Domitian,)-279(regretted)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([16])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-222(wild)-222(gaiety)-222(and)-222(bonhomie)-222(of)-222(Nero,)-227(and)-222(each)-222(spring,)-228(for)-221(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-362(his)-362(death,)-389(flowers)-362(were)-362(laid)-361(by)-362(unknown)-362(hands)-362(upon)-361(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grave.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.957 3.959 Td [(67)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.062 -3.959 Td [(The)-213(charm)-214(of)-213(boyhood,)-221(with)-213(glimpses)-214(of)-213(some)-213(generous)]TJ -38.019 -13.549 Td [(instincts,)-439(may)-401(for)-401(a)-401(time)-401(have)-401(deceived)-401(even)-401(the)-401(experienced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-401(of)-401(the)-401(world)-401(and)-401(the)-401(brooding)-401(analyst)-401(of)-401(character.)-703(But)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-436(is)-436(more)-435(probable)-436(that)-436(the)-436(piece)-436(is)-435(rather)-436(a)-436(warning)-436(than)-435(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prophecy.)-601(Seneca)-367(had)-367(watched)-367(all)-367(the)-367(caprices)-367(of)-367(an)-367(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tyrant,)-356(drunk)-335(with)-336(a)-335(sense)-335(of)-335(omnipotence,)-356(having)-335(in)-335(his)-335(veins)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 96.781 136.431 Td [(63)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.057 -7.311 Td [(64)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(73,)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.095 -7.394 Td [(65)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(103,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.311 Td [(66)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(i.)-250(19;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.614 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(i.)-250(72;)-250(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.537 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ii.)-250(\247)-250(77;)-250(iii.)-250(\247)-250(39;)-250(70)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -183.813 -7.31 Td [(67)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.468 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.595 0 Td [(23;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.381 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-345(57;)-364(cf.)-478(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.516 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.111 0 Td [(i.)-478(7,)-345(ipsa)-326(aetas)-326(Galbae)-326(irrisui)-325(ac)]TJ -162.96 -10.959 Td [(fastidio)-236(erat)-236(adsuetis)-237(juventae)-236(Neronis)-236(et)-236(imperatores)-236(forma)-237(ac)-236(decore)-236(corporis)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(...)-250(comparantibus.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 253 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 254 0 R /Resources 252 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 251 0 R >> endobj 255 0 obj << /D [253 0 R /XYZ 135.313 260.74 null] >> endobj 256 0 obj << /D [253 0 R /XYZ 150.562 88.06 null] >> endobj 252 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 259 0 obj << /Length 6395 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(21)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-257(maddening)-257(taint)-257(of)-256(ancestral)-257(vice,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 163.976 3.959 Td [(68)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.289 -3.959 Td [(with)-257(nerves)-257(unstrung)-256(by)]TJ -175.265 -13.549 Td [(maniacal)-263(excesses,)-265(brooding)-263(in)-263(the)-262(vast)-263(solitudes)-262(of)-263(the)-262(Palatine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(till)-229(he)-228(became)-229(frenzied)-228(with)-229(terror,)-233(striking)-228(down)-229(possible)-228(rivals,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-385(first)-384(from)-385(fear)-384(or)-385(greed,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.63 3.958 Td [(69)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.03 -3.958 Td [(in)-385(the)-384(end)-385(from)-384(the)-385(wild)-384(beast)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 139.094 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.55 Td [(lust)-396(for)-396(blood,)-433(and)-396(the)-396(voluptuary)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 154.418 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-396(delight)-396(in)-396(suffering.)-689(The)]TJ -158.05 -13.549 Td [(prophecy)-462(of)-462(the)-462(father)-462(as)-462(to)-462(the)-462(future)-462(of)-462(Agrippina)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 244.093 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-462(son)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.437 3.959 Td [(70)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(found)-281(probably)-282(an)-281(echo)-281(in)-282(the)-281(fears)-281(of)-281(his)-282(tutor.)-344(But,)-289(in)-281(spite)-281(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-329(forebodings,)-348(Seneca)-328(thought)-329(the)-328(attempt)-329(to)-328(save)-329(him)-328(worth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(making.)-258(He)-253(first)-252(appeals)-253(to)-253(his)-252(imagination.)-258(Nero)-253(has)-252(succeeded)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-411(a)-412(vicegerency)-411(of)-412(God)-411(on)-412(earth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.28 3.959 Td [(71)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.479 -3.959 Td [(He)-411(is)-412(the)-411(arbiter)-412(of)-411(life)]TJ -172.759 -13.549 Td [(and)-245(death,)-246(on)-245(whose)-245(word)-245(the)-245(fortunes)-245(of)-245(citizens,)-246(the)-244(happiness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-387(misery)-387(of)-387(whole)-387(peoples)-387(depend.)-661(His)-387(innocence)-387(raises)-387(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(highest)-368(hopes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.713 3.959 Td [(72)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.067 -3.959 Td [(But)-368(the)-369(imperial)-368(task)-368(is)-368(heavy,)-398(and)-369(its)-368(perils)]TJ -78.78 -13.549 Td [(are)-268(appalling.)-303(The)-267(emperor)-268(is)-268(the)-267(one)-268(bond)-268(by)-267(which)-268(the)-267(world-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(empire)-265(is)-264(held)-265(together;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.799 3.959 Td [(73)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.435 -3.959 Td [(he)-265(is)-264(its)-265(vital)-265(breath.)-293(Man,)-269(the)-264(hardest)]TJ -115.234 -13.549 Td [(of)-327(all)-327(animals)-328(to)-327(govern,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.72 3.959 Td [(74)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.248 -3.959 Td [(can)-327(only)-327(be)-328(governed)-327(long)-327(by)-327(love,)]TJ -121.968 -13.549 Td [(and)-304(love)-304(can)-303(only)-304(be)-304(won)-304(by)-303(beneficence)-304(and)-304(gentleness)-304(to)-303(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(frowardness)-401(of)-402(men.)-703(In)-401(his)-402(god-like)-401(place,)-439(the)-401(prince)-401(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imitate)-202(the)-202(mercy)-202(of)-202(the)-202(gods.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.667 3.958 Td [(75)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.021 -3.958 Td [(Wielding)-202(illimitable)-202(power,)-211(he)-202(is)]TJ -138.688 -13.55 Td [(yet)-258(the)-257(servant)-257(of)-258(all,)-259(and)-258(cannot)-257(usurp)-258(the)-257(licence)-258(of)-257(the)-257(private)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subject.)-258(He)-252(is)-253(like)-252(one)-253(of)-252(the)-253(heavenly)-252(orbs,)-253(bound)-253(by)-252(inevitable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(law)-278(to)-277(move)-278(onward)-278(in)-277(a)-278(fixed)-278(orbit,)-284(unswerving)-278(and)-277(unresting.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(If)-277(he)-278(relies)-277(on)-278(cruel)-277(force,)-284(rather)-278(than)-277(on)-277(clemency,)-285(he)-277(will)-277(sink)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-316(the)-316(level)-316(of)-316(the)-316(tyrant)-316(and)-316(meet)-316(his)-316(proper)-316(fate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 222.612 3.958 Td [(76)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.356 -3.958 Td [(Cruelty)-316(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.056 0 Td [([17])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(a)-267(king)-266(only)-267(multiplies)-266(his)-267(enemies)-266(and)-267(envenoms)-266(hatred.)-300(In)-266(that)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 176.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 50.009 169.951 Td [(68)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.105 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.643 0 Td [(50;)-288(cf.)-326(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.784 0 Td [(Nec.)-326(Inj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.778 0 Td [(18;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.041 0 Td [(De)-275(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.88 0 Td [(,)-282(i.)-325(20;)-288(ii.)-326(33;)-288(iii.)-326(18;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.336 0 Td [(De)-275(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -251.523 -10.959 Td [(ii.)-250(12,)-250(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 3.238 -7.311 Td [(69)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.558 -7.311 Td [(70)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -38.603 -7.31 Td [(71)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(i.)-250(1,)-250(\247)-250(2,)-250(electusque)-250(sum)-250(qui)-250(in)-250(terris)-250(deorum)-250(vice)-250(fungerer.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -44.825 -7.311 Td [(72)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.31 Td [(73)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(4,)-250(1,)-250(ille)-250(vinculum)-250(per)-250(quod)-250(respublica)-250(cohaeret,)-250(ille)-250(spiritus)-250(vitalis.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.311 Td [(74)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(17,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.394 Td [(75)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(7,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.311 Td [(76)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(i.)-250(12.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 258 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 259 0 R /Resources 257 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 251 0 R >> endobj 260 0 obj << /D [258 0 R /XYZ 202.205 206.544 null] >> endobj 257 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 263 0 obj << /Length 5733 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(22)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(fatal)-226(path)-225(there)-226(is)-226(no)-226(turning)-225(back.)-242(The)-226(king,)-230(once)-226(dreaded)-226(by)-225(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people,)-292(loses)-284(his)-284(nerve)-284(and)-284(strikes)-284(out)-283(blindly)-284(in)-284(self-defence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.959 Td [(77)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(The)-234(atmosphere)-233(of)-234(treachery)-233(and)-234(suspicion)-233(thickens)-234(around)-233(him,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and,)-347(in)-327(the)-327(end,)-347(what,)-347(to)-327(his)-327(maddened)-328(mind,)-346(seemed)-328(at)-327(first)-327(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(stern)-250(necessity)-250(becomes)-250(a)-250(mere)-250(lust)-250(for)-250(blood.)]TJ 11.956 -18.089 Td [(It)-285(has)-284(been)-285(suggested)-285(that)-284(Seneca)-285(was)-285(really,)-293(to)-285(some)-284(extent,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-475(cause)-476(of)-475(the)-476(grotesque)-475(or)-476(tragic)-475(failure)-475(of)-476(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.093 3.959 Td [(78)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.573 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(rhetorical)-370(spirit,)-399(which)-370(breathes)-370(through)-369(all)-370(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 230.234 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-370(writings,)]TJ -233.867 -13.549 Td [(may)-292(certainly)-293(be)-292(an)-293(evil)-292(influence)-292(in)-293(the)-292(education)-292(of)-293(a)-292(ruler)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men.)-374(The)-291(habit)-291(of)-291(playing)-291(with)-291(words,)-302(of)-291(aiming)-291(at)-291(momentary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effect,)-540(with)-481(slight)-482(regard)-481(to)-482(truth,)-540(may)-481(inspire)-482(the)-481(excitable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vanity)-408(of)-409(the)-408(artist,)-448(but)-409(is)-408(hardly)-409(the)-408(temper)-409(for)-408(dealing)-408(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-337(hard)-336(problems)-337(of)-336(government.)-509(And)-337(the)-336(dazzling)-337(picture)-336(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-407(boundless)-407(power)-407(of)-407(a)-407(Roman)-406(emperor,)-447(which)-407(Seneca)-406(put)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-272(his)-272(pupil,)-278(in)-272(order)-272(to)-272(heighten)-272(his)-272(sense)-272(of)-272(responsibility,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-421(intoxicate)-420(a)-421(mind)-420(naturally)-421(prone)-420(to)-421(grandiose)-420(visions,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(while)-291(the)-291(sober)-291(lesson)-291(would)-291(be)-291(easily)-291(forgotten.)-373(The)-291(spectacle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 12.402 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-304(kingdoms)-304(of)-303(the)-304(world)-304(and)-304(all)-304(the)-303(glory)-304(of)-304(them)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 231.306 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.158 0 Td [(at)-304(his)]TJ -256.709 -13.549 Td [(feet)-239(was)-238(a)-239(dangerous)-239(temptation)-238(to)-239(a)-239(temperament)-239(like)-238(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 261.558 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 6.971 3.959 Td [(79)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(Arrogance)-285(and)-286(cruelty)-285(were)-286(in)-285(the)-285(blood)-286(of)-285(the)-285(Domitii.)-356(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(grandfather,)-262(when)-260(only)-259(aedile,)-262(had)-260(compelled)-260(the)-259(censor)-260(to)-259(give)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(place)-356(to)-355(him;)-409(he)-356(had)-356(produced)-355(Roman)-356(matrons)-356(in)-355(pantomime,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-317(given)-316(gladiatorial)-317(shows)-317(with)-316(such)-317(profusion)-317(of)-316(cruelty,)-333(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-369(shock)-369(that)-369(not)-369(very)-369(tender-hearted)-369(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.646 3.959 Td [(80)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.088 -3.959 Td [(The)-369(father)-369(of)-369(the)]TJ -203.734 -13.549 Td [(emperor,)-260(in)-259(addition)-258(to)-258(crimes)-258(of)-258(fraud,)-261(perjury,)-260(and)-258(incest,)-260(had,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-424(the)-423(open)-424(forum,)-467(torn)-424(out)-424(the)-423(eye)-424(of)-424(a)-424(Roman)-423(knight,)-467(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deliberately)-201(trampled)-201(a)-200(child)-201(under)-201(his)-200(horse)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 191.285 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-201(feet)-200(on)-201(the)-201(Appian)]TJ -194.918 -13.55 Td [(Way.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.324 3.959 Td [(81)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.26 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-405(such)-404(is)-405(the)-405(strange)-405(complexity)-404(of)-405(human)-405(nature,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 96.781 125.388 Td [(77)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(13,)-250(2,)-250(scelera)-250(enim)-250(sceleribus)-250(tuenda)-250(sunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.31 Td [(78)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Ant\351chr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.871 0 Td [(p.)-250(125.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -76.952 -7.311 Td [(79)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.099 0 Td [(i.)-250(1,)-250(\247)-249(2,)-250(egone)-249(ex)-250(omnibus)-249(mortalibus)-250(placui)-249(electusque)-250(sum)-250(qui)]TJ -48.055 -10.959 Td [(in)-250(terris)-250(deorum)-250(vice)-250(fungerer?)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 3.238 -7.31 Td [(80)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.076 -7.311 Td [(81)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(5.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 262 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 263 0 R /Resources 261 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 251 0 R >> endobj 261 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 266 0 obj << /Length 5975 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(23)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(that)-374(Nero)-375(seems)-374(by)-374(nature)-375(not)-374(to)-374(have)-375(been)-374(destitute)-374(of)-374(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generous)-236(and)-236(amiable)-235(qualities.)-246(We)-235(need)-236(not)-236(lay)-236(too)-236(much)-235(stress)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-401(the)-402(innocence)-401(ascribed)-401(to)-401(him)-402(by)-401(Seneca.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.449 3.959 Td [(82)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.146 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-401(need)-402(we)]TJ -221.595 -13.549 Td [(attribute)-348(to)-348(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.246 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-348(initiative)-348(the)-348(sound)-348(or)-348(benevolent)-348(measures)]TJ -77.879 -13.55 Td [(which)-321(characterised)-322(the)-321(beginning)-321(of)-322(his)-321(reign.)-464(But)-321(he)-321(showed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-384(one)-384(time)-384(some)-383(industry)-384(and)-384(care)-384(in)-384(performing)-384(his)-383(judicial)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([18])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(work.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.146 3.959 Td [(83)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.332 -3.959 Td [(He)-346(saw)-346(the)-346(necessity,)-369(in)-346(the)-346(interests)-346(of)-346(public)-346(health)]TJ -39.478 -13.549 Td [(and)-200(safety,)-211(of)-200(remodelling)-201(the)-200(narrow)-200(streets)-201(and)-200(mean)-200(insanitary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dwellings)-342(of)-342(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.762 3.958 Td [(84)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.204 -3.958 Td [(His)-342(conception)-342(of)-342(the)-342(Isthmian)-342(canal,)-365(if)]TJ -101.966 -13.55 Td [(the)-205(engineering)-205(problem)-204(could)-205(have)-205(been)-205(conquered,)-214(would)-204(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-396(an)-397(immense)-396(boon)-397(to)-396(traders)-396(with)-397(the)-396(Aegean.)-689(Even)-396(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quinquennial)-375(festival,)-407(inspired)-375(by)-375(the)-375(Greek)-375(contests)-375(in)-375(music)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-393(gymnastic,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.61 3.959 Td [(85)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.14 -3.959 Td [(represented)-393(a)-392(finer)-393(ideal)-392(of)-393(such)-392(gatherings,)]TJ -80.75 -13.549 Td [(which)-172(was)-172(much)-172(needed)-173(by)-172(a)-172(race)-172(devoted)-172(to)-172(the)-172(coarse)-172(realism)-172(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pantomime)-191(and)-191(the)-191(butchery)-191(of)-191(the)-191(arena.)-230(Fierce)-191(and)-191(incalculably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capricious)-213(as)-212(he)-213(could)-212(be,)-220(Nero,)-220(at)-213(his)-212(best,)-220(had)-213(also)-212(a)-213(softer)-212(side.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-222(had)-223(a)-222(craving)-222(for)-222(love)-223(and)-222(appreciation)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.188 3.959 Td [(86)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.468 -3.959 Td [(;)-232(some)-222(of)-222(his)-222(cruelty)]TJ -192.656 -13.549 Td [(was)-272(probably)-272(the)-272(revenge)-272(for)-272(the)-272(denial)-272(of)-272(it.)-316(He)-272(was)-271(singularly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patient)-337(of)-337(lampoons)-337(and)-337(invective)-337(against)-337(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.372 3.959 Td [(87)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.044 -3.959 Td [(Although)]TJ -239.416 -13.549 Td [(he)-257(could)-258(be)-257(brutal)-257(in)-258(his)-257(treatment)-257(of)-257(women,)-260(he)-257(also)-257(knew)-257(how)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-262(inspire)-263(real)-262(affection,)-266(and)-262(perhaps)-262(in)-263(a)-262(few)-263(cases)-262(return)-262(it.)-287(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-268(to)-268(have)-267(had)-268(something)-268(of)-268(real)-268(love)-268(for)-267(Acte,)-273(his)-267(mistress.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-231(old)-231(nurses)-232(consoled)-231(him)-231(in)-231(his)-231(last)-231(hour)-231(of)-232(agony,)-235(and,)-234(along)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-272(the)-272(faithful)-272(Acte,)-277(laid)-272(the)-272(last)-271(of)-272(his)-272(race)-272(in)-272(the)-272(vault)-272(of)-271(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Domitii.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.677 3.958 Td [(88)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.031 -3.958 Td [(Nero)-306(must)-306(have)-306(had)-306(something)-307(of)-306(that)-306(charm)-306(which)]TJ -49.708 -13.55 Td [(leads)-354(women)-355(in)-354(every)-355(age)-354(to)-354(forget)-355(faults,)-380(and)-355(even)-354(crimes)-354(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-260(men)-259(whom)-260(they)-259(have)-260(once)-260(loved.)-278(And)-260(the)-259(strange,)-262(lingering)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 50.009 147.711 Td [(82)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(i.)-250(1,)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -62.758 -7.31 Td [(83)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(15;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.098 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(c.)-250(viii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.088 -7.311 Td [(84)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.65 -7.394 Td [(85)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.395 0 Td [(c.)-398(12,)-312(instituit)-300(et)-299(quinquennale)-299(certamen)-300(primus)-299(omnium)-300(Romae)-299(more)]TJ -24.351 -10.959 Td [(Graeco)-250(triplex,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 3.238 -7.311 Td [(86)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(20;)-250(53;)-250(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 63.258 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Ant\351chr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.87 0 Td [(p.)-250(132.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -124.769 -7.31 Td [(87)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.076 -7.311 Td [(88)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(50.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 265 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 266 0 R /Resources 264 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 251 0 R >> endobj 267 0 obj << /D [265 0 R /XYZ 46.771 450.429 null] >> endobj 264 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 270 0 obj << /Length 6375 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(24)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(superstition,)-210(which)-199(disturbed)-200(the)-199(early)-200(Church,)-209(and)-200(which)-199(looked)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-275(his)-275(reappearance)-275(down)-275(to)-275(the)-275(eleventh)-275(century,)-281(could)-275(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-250(gathered)-250(around)-250(an)-250(utterly)-250(mean)-250(and)-250(mediocre)-250(character.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 271.724 3.959 Td [(89)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -259.768 -18.462 Td [(When)-437(Nero)-438(uttered)-437(the)-437(words)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 141.997 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Qualis)-437(artifex)-438(pereo,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.454 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.958 Td [(90)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.239 -3.958 Td [(he)]TJ -270.332 -13.55 Td [(gave)-270(not)-271(only)-270(his)-270(own)-271(interpretation)-270(of)-270(his)-270(life,)-276(he)-270(also)-270(revealed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-357(great)-358(secret)-357(of)-357(its)-358(ghastly)-357(failure.)-572(It)-357(may)-358(be)-357(admitted)-357(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero)-223(had)-222(a)-223(certain)-222(artistic)-223(enthusiasm,)-228(a)-222(real)-223(ambition)-223(to)-222(excel.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.959 Td [(91)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(He)-345(painted)-346(with)-345(some)-345(skill,)-369(he)-345(composed)-346(verses)-345(not)-345(without)-345(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-264(grace.)-293(In)-265(spite)-264(of)-264(serious)-265(natural)-264(defects,)-268(he)-264(took)-264(endless)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pains)-300(to)-300(acquire)-300(the)-300(technique)-300(of)-300(a)-300(singer.)-400(Far)-300(into)-300(the)-300(night)-300(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-298(sit)-297(in)-298(rapt)-298(enthusiasm)-297(listening)-298(to)-298(the)-297(effects)-298(of)-297(Terpnus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([19])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(and)-382(trying)-382(to)-382(copy)-382(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.728 3.959 Td [(92)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.519 -3.959 Td [(His)-382(artistic)-382(tour)-382(in)-382(Greece,)-415(which)]TJ -128.247 -13.549 Td [(lowered)-220(him)-220(so)-220(much)-220(in)-220(the)-220(eyes)-220(of)-220(the)-220(West,)-226(was)-220(really)-219(inspired)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-367(the)-368(passion)-367(to)-367(find)-367(a)-367(sympathetic)-368(audience)-367(which)-367(he)-367(could)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-302(find)-302(at)-302(Rome.)-407(And,)-315(in)-302(spite)-302(of)-302(his)-302(arrogance)-302(and)-302(vanity,)-315(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-288(a)-288(wholesome)-289(deference)-288(for)-288(the)-288(artistic)-288(judgment)-288(of)-288(Greece.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-330(it)-330(is)-330(very)-330(striking)-330(that)-330(in)-330(the)-330(records)-330(of)-330(his)-330(reign,)-350(the)-329(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(damning)-204(accusation)-205(is)-204(that)-204(he)-204(disgraced)-205(the)-204(purple)-204(by)-204(exhibitions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-403(the)-404(stage.)-710(His)-403(songs)-403(to)-404(the)-403(lyre,)-442(his)-403(impersonation)-403(of)-403(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(parturient)-394(Canace)-395(or)-394(the)-395(mad)-394(Hercules,)-431(did)-394(as)-395(much)-394(to)-394(cause)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-400(overthrow)-400(as)-400(his)-401(murders)-400(of)-400(Britannicus)-400(and)-400(Agrippina.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 272.162 3.959 Td [(93)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -272.162 -17.508 Td [(The)-334(stout)-334(Roman)-334(soldier)-334(and)-334(the)-334(Pythagorean)-334(apostle)-334(have)-333(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-258(scorn)-258(for)-257(the)-258(imperial)-258(charioteer)-258(and)-258(actor.)-273(A)-258(false)-257(literary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambition,)-350(born)-331(of)-330(a)-330(false)-331(system)-330(of)-330(education,)-351(was)-330(the)-330(bane)-330(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Roman)-257(culture)-258(for)-257(many)-258(ages.)-272(The)-258(dilettante)-257(artist)-258(on)-257(the)-257(throne)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-440(the)-440(first)-440(century)-440(had)-440(many)-440(a)-440(successor)-440(in)-440(the)-440(literary)-440(arts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-369(the)-368(grand)-369(seigneurs)-368(of)-369(the)-368(fifth.)-606(They)-368(could)-369(play)-368(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.119 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 96.781 147.306 Td [(89)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Ant\351chr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.871 0 Td [(p.)-250(316.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -76.952 -7.31 Td [(90)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(49;)-250(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.04 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Ant\351chr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.871 0 Td [(130.)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -141.958 -7.311 Td [(91)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.75 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-265(c.)-286(24,)-265(49,)-266(52,)-265(55;)-268(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 86.276 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.036 0 Td [(xiv.)-286(16;)-268(cf.)-287(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.439 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(,)-265(p.)-286(179;)]TJ -250.778 -10.959 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.924 0 Td [(p.)-250(265.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.532 -7.311 Td [(92)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(53,)-250(c.)-250(20,)-250(cf.)-250(c.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.076 -7.31 Td [(93)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.432 0 Td [(Apoll.)-255(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.391 0 Td [(iv.)-255(36,)-252(39;)-253(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.668 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.943 0 Td [(xiv.)-255(15,)-252(16;)-253(xv.)-255(67,)-252(odisse)-252(coepi)]TJ -166.39 -10.959 Td [(postquam)-320(parricida)-320(matris)-320(et)-320(uxoris,)-337(auriga)-320(et)-320(histrio)-320(et)-320(incendiarius)-320(extitisti;)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(21;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(63.)-250(9,)-250(10.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 269 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 270 0 R /Resources 268 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 251 0 R >> endobj 271 0 obj << /D [269 0 R /XYZ 274.465 381.729 null] >> endobj 268 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 274 0 obj << /Length 5606 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(25)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(their)-281(ingenious)-281(tricks)-281(of)-282(verse)-281(in)-281(sight)-281(of)-281(the)-281(Gothic)-281(camp-fires.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-356(could)-357(contend)-356(for)-356(the)-356(wreath)-356(at)-357(Olympia)-356(when)-356(his)-356(faithful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedman)-317(was)-318(summoning)-317(him)-317(back)-317(by)-317(the)-318(news)-317(that)-317(the)-317(West)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-250(seething)-250(with)-250(revolt.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.08 3.958 Td [(94)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -97.124 -24.168 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.807 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-746(mother)-745(had)-746(dissuaded)-745(him)-746(from)-745(the)-746(study)-745(of)]TJ -37.396 -13.55 Td [(philosophy;)-322(his)-298(tutor)-298(debarred)-298(him)-298(from)-298(the)-298(study)-298(of)-298(the)-297(manly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oratory)-405(of)-404(the)-405(great)-404(days.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.108 3.959 Td [(95)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.254 -3.959 Td [(The)-405(world)-404(was)-405(now)-404(to)-405(learn)-404(the)]TJ -132.362 -13.549 Td [(meaning)-367(of)-367(a)-368(false)-367(artistic)-367(ambition,)-397(divorced)-367(from)-367(a)-367(sense)-367(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reality)-257(and)-258(duty.)-272(Aestheticism)-257(may)-258(be)-257(only)-257(a)-258(love)-257(of)-257(sensational)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effects,)-379(with)-353(no)-353(glimpse)-354(of)-353(the)-353(ideal.)-560(It)-353(may)-353(be)-353(a)-353(hypocritical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(materialism,)-400(screening)-369(itself)-370(under)-370(divine)-370(names.)-609(In)-370(this)-369(taste)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero)-235(was)-235(the)-234(true)-235(representative)-235(of)-235(his)-234(age.)-245(It)-235(was)-235(deeply)-234(tainted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-356(that)-357(mere)-356(passion)-356(for)-356(the)-357(grandiose)-356(and)-356(startling,)-383(and)-356(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feverish)-443(intellectual)-443(effects,)-492(which)-443(a)-443(true)-443(culture)-443(spurns)-443(as)-443(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(desecration)-392(of)-392(art.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.558 3.958 Td [(96)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.846 -3.958 Td [(Mere)-392(magnitude)-392(and)-392(portentousness,)-428(the)]TJ -97.404 -13.55 Td [(realistic)-248(expression)-248(of)-248(physical)-248(agony,)-248(the)-248(coarse)-248(flush)-248(of)-248(a)-248(half-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sensual)-356(pleasure,)-381(captivated)-356(a)-355(vulgar)-356(taste,)-382(to)-355(which)-355(crapulous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(excitement)-292(and)-293(a)-292(fever)-293(of)-292(the)-293(senses)-292(took)-293(the)-292(place)-293(of)-292(the)-292(purer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ardours)-424(and)-424(visions)-425(of)-424(the)-424(spirit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.097 3.959 Td [(97)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.896 -3.959 Td [(Nero)-424(paid)-424(the)-425(penalty)-424(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 124.031 0 Td [([20])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(outraging)-376(the)-375(conventional)-376(prejudices)-375(of)-376(the)-375(Roman.)-627(And)-375(yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-275(was)-276(in)-275(some)-276(respects)-275(in)-276(thorough)-275(sympathy)-276(with)-275(the)-275(masses.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(His)-356(lavish)-356(games)-356(and)-357(spectacles)-356(atoned)-356(to)-356(some)-356(extent)-356(for)-356(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aberrations)-253(of)-254(Hellenism.)-259(He)-253(was)-254(generous)-253(and)-253(wasteful,)-254(and)-253(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(encouraged)-359(waste)-359(in)-359(others,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 124.745 3.959 Td [(98)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.682 -3.959 Td [(and)-359(waste)-359(is)-359(always)-359(popular)-359(till)]TJ -137.427 -13.549 Td [(the)-291(bill)-291(has)-292(to)-291(be)-291(paid.)-373(He)-292(was)-291(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.737 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(cupitor)-291(incredibilium.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.598 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(99)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.645 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(province)-318(of)-318(Africa)-317(was)-318(ransacked)-318(to)-317(find)-318(the)-318(fabled)-318(treasure)-317(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 50.009 147.551 Td [(94)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(23.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.076 -7.395 Td [(95)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.67 -7.31 Td [(96)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Merivale,)-250(viii.)-250(p.)-250(70)-250(sq.;)-250(Schiller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 120.795 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(der)-250(R\366m.)-250(Kaiserzeit)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 98.37 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(p.)-250(467.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -227.883 -7.311 Td [(97)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.507 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.48 0 Td [(8,)-325(where)-310(the)-310(decay)-310(of)-310(artistic)-310(sense)-310(is)-310(traced)-310(to)-310(the)-310(grossness)]TJ -57.943 -10.959 Td [(of)-252(evil)-252(living;)-253(at)-252(nos)-252(vino)-252(scortisque)-251(demersi)-252(ne)-252(paratas)-252(quidem)-252(artes)-252(audemus)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(cognoscere.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 3.238 -7.31 Td [(98)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(11,)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.076 -7.311 Td [(99)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.718 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(15.)-250(42.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 273 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 274 0 R /Resources 272 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 276 0 R >> endobj 275 0 obj << /D [273 0 R /XYZ 171.712 267.629 null] >> endobj 272 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 279 0 obj << /Length 5971 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(26)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Dido.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.546 3.959 Td [(100)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.105 -3.959 Td [(Explorers)-278(were)-279(sent)-278(to)-278(pierce)-278(the)-279(mysterious)-278(barrier)-278(of)]TJ -40.651 -13.549 Td [(the)-364(Caucasus,)-393(and)-364(discover)-364(the)-364(secret)-364(sources)-364(of)-364(the)-364(Nile.)-592(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-286(great)-285(engineering)-286(schemes)-286(which)-285(might)-286(seem)-286(baffling)-285(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-248(modern)-247(skill,)-248(and)-248(which)-247(almost)-248(rivalled)-248(the)-247(wildest)-248(dreams)-247(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-370(lunatic)-371(brain)-370(of)-371(Caligula.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 130.392 3.959 Td [(101)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.121 -3.959 Td [(His)-370(Golden)-371(House,)-400(in)-371(a)-370(park)]TJ -149.513 -13.549 Td [(stretching)-286(from)-285(the)-286(Palatine)-286(to)-285(the)-286(heights)-286(of)-285(the)-286(Esquiline,)-294(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-245(a)-246(scale)-245(of)-246(more)-245(than)-245(oriental)-246(magnificence.)-248(At)-246(last)-245(the)-245(master)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-296(the)-296(world)-296(was)-296(properly)-296(lodged.)-388(With)-296(colonnades)-296(three)-296(miles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long,)-206(with)-196(its)-195(lakes)-196(and)-195(pastures)-195(and)-196(sylvan)-195(glades,)-207(it)-195(needed)-195(only)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-349(second)-348(Nero)-349(in)-349(Otho)-349(to)-348(dream)-349(of)-349(adding)-348(to)-349(its)-349(splendour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(102)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(To)-488(such)-489(a)-488(prince)-489(the)-488(astrologers)-488(might)-489(well)-488(predict)-488(another)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monarchy)-335(enthroned)-334(on)-334(Mount)-335(Zion,)-356(with)-334(the)-335(domi)1(nion)-335(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.513 3.959 Td [(103)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.664 -3.959 Td [(The)-295(materialist)-296(dreamer)-295(was,)-307(like)-295(Napoleon)-295(I.,)-307(without)]TJ -38.177 -13.549 Td [(a)-320(rudimentary)-320(moral)-320(sense.)-460(Stained)-320(with)-320(the)-320(foulest)-319(enormities)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(himself,)-359(he)-338(had)-337(a)-338(rooted)-337(conviction)-338(that)-337(virtue)-338(was)-337(a)-337(pretence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-400(that)-401(all)-400(men)-401(were)-400(equally)-400(depraved.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.04 3.959 Td [(104)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.102 -3.959 Td [(His)-400(surroundings)]TJ -204.142 -13.549 Td [(gave)-252(him)-253(some)-252(excuse)-253(for)-252(thinking)-253(so.)-257(He)-253(was)-252(born)-253(into)-252(a)-252(circle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-352(believed)-353(chiefly)-352(in)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.784 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-352(lust)-353(of)-352(the)-353(eye)-352(and)-353(the)-352(pride)-353(of)]TJ -122.627 -13.549 Td [(life.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 17.269 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.746 0 Td [(He)-266(formed)-266(a)-266(circle)-266(many)-266(of)-266(whom)-266(perished)-266(in)-266(the)-266(carnage)]TJ -25.015 -13.55 Td [(of)-213(Bedriacum.)-238(With)-214(a)-213(treasury)-213(drained)-214(by)-213(insane)-214(profusion,)-220(Nero)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resorted)-404(to)-405(rapine)-404(and)-404(judicial)-405(murder)-404(to)-404(replenish)-405(it.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.434 3.959 Td [(105)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.232 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(spendthrift)-402(seldom)-402(has)-401(scruples)-402(in)-402(repairing)-402(his)-401(extravagance.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-323(temples)-323(were)-322(naturally)-323(plundered)-323(by)-323(the)-323(man)-322(who,)-341(having)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-253(religion,)-254(was)-252(at)-253(least)-253(honest)-253(enough)-253(to)-253(deride)-253(all)-253(religions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(106)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(The)-357(artistic)-357(treasures)-356(of)-357(Greece)-357(were)-356(carried)-357(off)-357(by)-357(the)-356(votary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-422(Greek)-422(art;)-509(the)-422(gold)-422(and)-422(silver)-423(images)-422(of)-422(her)-422(shrines)-422(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sent)-389(to)-389(the)-389(melting-pot.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.767 3.959 Td [(107)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.732 -3.959 Td [(Ungrateful)-389(testators)-389(paid)-389(their)-389(due)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -198.255 0 Td [([21])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.685 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 147.872 Td [(100)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(16.)-250(1;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.092 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.684 -7.311 Td [(101)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(16,)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(102)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(31;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -75.206 -7.311 Td [(103)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.065 -7.31 Td [(104)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(29)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.672 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -43.331 -7.395 Td [(105)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(32;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(63.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(106)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(56.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.065 -7.311 Td [(107)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(32;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(63.)-250(11.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 278 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 279 0 R /Resources 277 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 276 0 R >> endobj 280 0 obj << /D [278 0 R /XYZ 93.543 165.896 null] >> endobj 277 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 283 0 obj << /Length 4982 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(27)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(penalty)-182(after)-182(death;)-205(and)-182(delation,)-196(watching)-182(every)-182(word)-182(or)-182(gesture,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(skilfully)-267(supplied)-268(the)-267(needed)-268(tale)-267(of)-268(victims)-267(for)-267(plunder.)-303(It)-267(is)-267(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-298(hackneyed)-297(story.)-393(Yet)-298(it)-298(is)-297(perhaps)-298(necessary)-298(to)-297(revive)-298(it)-297(once)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-256(to)-257(explain)-256(the)-256(suppressed)-256(terror)-256(and)-257(lingering)-256(agony)-256(of)-256(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(last)-250(days)-250(of)-250(Seneca.)]TJ 11.956 -13.856 Td [(The)-268(impressions)-268(of)-268(the)-269(Terror)-268(which)-268(we)-268(receive)-268(from)-268(Seneca)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(are)-459(powerful)-459(and)-459(almost)-459(oppressive.)-877(A)-459(thick)-459(atmosphere)-459(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gloom)-357(and)-356(foreboding)-357(seems)-356(to)-357(stifle)-356(us)-356(as)-357(we)-356(turn)-357(his)-356(pages.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-334(Seneca)-334(deals)-334(rather)-334(in)-334(shadowy)-334(hint)-334(and)-334(veiled)-333(suggestion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-318(in)-317(definite)-318(statement.)-452(For)-318(the)-317(minute)-318(picture)-317(of)-318(that)-317(awful)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(scene)-461(of)-461(degradation)-462(we)-461(must)-461(turn)-461(to)-461(Tacitus.)-884(He)-461(wrote)-461(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-350(fresh)-349(dawn)-350(of)-349(an)-350(age)-350(of)-349(fancied)-350(freedom,)-374(when)-350(the)-349(gloom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-384(the)-384(tyranny)-384(seemed)-384(to)-384(have)-384(suddenly)-384(vanished)-384(like)-384(an)-383(evil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dream.)-419(Yet)-306(he)-306(cannot)-306(shake)-306(off)-307(the)-306(sense)-306(of)-306(horror)-306(and)-306(disgust)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-438(fifteen)-439(years)-438(of)-439(ignoble)-438(compliance)-439(or)-438(silent)-438(suffering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-386(burnt)-387(into)-386(his)-387(soul.)-659(Even)-387(under)-386(the)-386(manly,)-421(tolerant)-386(rule)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-353(Trajan,)-378(he)-352(hardly)-353(seems)-352(to)-353(have)-352(regained)-353(his)-352(breath.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.374 3.959 Td [(108)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.536 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(can)-298(scarcely)-297(believe)-298(that)-297(the)-298(light)-297(has)-297(come)-298(at)-297(last.)-393(His)-297(attitude)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-327(the)-327(tyranny)-327(is)-327(essentially)-327(different)-327(from)-327(that)-327(of)-327(Seneca.)-480(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(son)-243(of)-243(the)-243(provincial)-244(from)-243(Cordova)-243(views)-243(the)-243(scene)-243(rather)-243(as)-243(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cosmopolitan)-375(moralist,)-406(imperilled)-375(by)-375(his)-375(huge)-375(fortune)-375(and)-375(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(neighbourhood)-332(of)-331(the)-332(terrible)-331(palace.)-495(Tacitus)-331(looks)-332(at)-331(it)-332(as)-331(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-288(Senator,)-298(steeped)-289(in)-288(all)-288(old)-289(Roman)-288(tradition,)-298(caring)-288(little)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-316(philosophy,)-333(but)-317(caring)-316(intensely)-317(for)-316(old)-317(Roman)-316(dignity)-316(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-280(prestige)-281(of)-280(that)-280(great)-281(order,)-288(which)-280(he)-280(had)-281(seen)-280(humbled)-280(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decimated.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.564 3.958 Td [(109)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.811 -3.958 Td [(The)-392(feeling)-391(of)-391(Seneca)-392(is)-391(that)-392(of)-391(a)-392(Stoic)-391(monk,)]TJ -67.375 -13.55 Td [(isolated)-421(in)-422(a)-421(corner)-422(of)-421(his)-422(vast)-421(palace,)-465(now)-421(trembling)-421(before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(imperial)-293(jealousy,)-303(which)-293(his)-292(wealth)-293(and)-293(celebrity)-293(may)-292(draw)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-371(upon)-370(him,)-401(and)-370(again)-371(seeking)-370(consolation)-371(in)-370(thoughts)-370(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-312(and)-311(eternity)-312(which)-311(might)-312(often)-311(seem)-312(to)-311(belong)-312(to)-311(Thomas)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(\340)-300(Kempis.)-400(The)-300(tone)-300(of)-300(Tacitus)-300(is)-300(sometimes)-300(that)-300(of)-300(a)-300(man)-299(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(should)-293(have)-294(lived)-293(in)-294(the)-293(age)-293(of)-294(the)-293(Samnite)-294(or)-293(the)-293(Carthaginian)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 81.071 Td [(108)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.707 0 Td [(Agric.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.758 0 Td [(c.)-226(3,)-192(sic)-178(ingenia)-177(studiaque)-178(oppresseris)-178(facilius)-177(quam)-178(revocaveris.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.171 -7.311 Td [(109)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.836 0 Td [(ii.)-250(53)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 282 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 283 0 R /Resources 281 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 276 0 R >> endobj 281 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 286 0 obj << /Length 6396 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(28)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(wars,)-281(before)-275(luxury)-275(and)-274(factious)-275(ambition)-275(had)-275(sapped)-275(the)-274(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strength)-437(of)-437(the)-437(great)-437(aristocratic)-437(caste,)-484(while)-437(his)-437(feelings)-437(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divided)-467(between)-467(grim)-467(anger)-467(at)-467(a)-467(cruel)-467(destiny,)-521(and)-467(scornful)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([22])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(regret)-458(for)-458(the)-458(weakness)-457(and)-458(the)-458(self-abandonment)-458(of)-458(a)-457(class)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-336(had)-337(been)-336(once)-337(so)-336(great.)-510(The)-336(feelings)-337(of)-336(Seneca)-336(express)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-276(rather)-276(in)-275(rhetorical)-276(self-pity.)-327(The)-276(feelings)-276(of)-275(Tacitus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(find)-283(vent)-283(in)-284(words)-283(which)-283(sometimes)-283(veil)-284(a)-283(pathos)-283(too)-283(proud)-283(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effusive)-293(utterance,)-304(sometimes)-294(cut)-293(like)-293(lancet)-293(points,)-304(and)-293(which,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-324(their)-324(concentrated)-324(moral)-324(scorn,)-343(have)-324(left)-324(an)-324(eternal)-324(brand)-324(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(infamy)-250(on)-250(names)-250(of)-250(historic)-250(renown.)]TJ 11.956 -15.613 Td [(More)-197(than)-197(forty)-197(years)-197(had)-197(passed)-197(between)-197(the)-197(date)-197(of)-196(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 260.798 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(last)-325(letters)-324(to)-325(Lucilius)-325(and)-324(the)-325(entry)-324(of)-325(Tacitus)-325(on)-324(his)-325(career)-324(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-315(historian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.188 3.958 Td [(110)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.304 -3.958 Td [(He)-315(was)-315(a)-315(child)-315(when)-314(Seneca)-315(died.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.993 3.958 Td [(111)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.304 -3.958 Td [(His)-315(life)-315(is)]TJ -236.789 -13.55 Td [(known)-380(to)-380(us)-380(only)-380(from)-380(a)-380(few)-380(stray)-380(glimpses)-380(in)-380(the)-380(Letters)-380(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.768 3.959 Td [(112)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.136 -3.959 Td [(eked)-393(out)-394(by)-393(the)-394(inferences)-393(of)-394(modern)-393(erudition.)-681(As)]TJ -42.904 -13.549 Td [(a)-344(young)-343(boy,)-367(he)-343(must)-344(have)-343(often)-344(heard)-343(the)-344(tales)-343(of)-344(the)-343(artistic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(follies)-215(and)-216(the)-215(orgies)-215(of)-215(Nero,)-223(and)-215(the)-215(ghastly)-216(cruelties)-215(of)-215(the)-215(end)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-186(his)-185(reign.)-229(As)-186(a)-186(lad)-185(of)-186(fifteen,)-199(he)-185(may)-186(have)-186(witnessed)-185(something)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-290(the)-289(carnival)-290(of)-289(blood)-290(and)-289(lust)-290(which)-289(appropriately)-290(closed)-289(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(r\351gime)-442(of)-443(the)-442(Julio-Claudian)-443(line.)-827(He)-442(entered)-443(on)-442(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 252.147 0 Td [(cursus)]TJ -252.147 -13.549 Td [(honorum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.456 0 Td [(in)-281(the)-280(reign)-281(of)-281(Vespasian,)-288(and)-281(attained)-281(the)-281(praetorship)]TJ -42.456 -13.549 Td [(under)-452(Domitian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.709 3.959 Td [(113)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.78 -3.959 Td [(A)-451(military)-452(command)-452(probably)-451(withdrew)]TJ -95.489 -13.549 Td [(him)-384(from)-385(Rome)-384(for)-385(three)-384(years)-384(during)-385(the)-384(tyranny)-385(of)-384(the)-384(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Flavian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 35.455 3.958 Td [(114)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.863 -3.958 Td [(He)-393(was)-393(consul)-393(suffectus)-393(in)-393(97,)-429(and)-393(then)-394(held)-393(the)]TJ -55.318 -13.55 Td [(proconsulship)-248(of)-247(Asia.)-249(It)-248(cannot)-248(be)-247(doubted)-248(from)-247(his)-248(own)-247(words)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that,)-289(as)-282(a)-282(senator,)-289(he)-282(had)-281(to)-282(witness)-281(tamely)-282(the)-281(Curia)-282(beset)-281(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.078 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 158.265 Td [(110)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Seneca)-474(died)-474(in)-474(65)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 73.777 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.229 0 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.193 0 Td [(Histories)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.13 0 Td [(of)-474(Tacitus)-474(were)-474(published)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.161 0 Td [(circ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -264.446 -10.959 Td [(106-107;)-250(cf.)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.007 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vii.)-250(20;)-250(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.562 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.836 0 Td [(ii.)-250(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -173.6 -7.31 Td [(111)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tacitus)-331(was)-330(born)-331(about)-330(55)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 100.487 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.943 0 Td [(\050Peter,)-351(ii.)-492(43;)-371(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.522 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(,)-351(p.)-492(35,)-350(81;)]TJ -238.296 -10.959 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.427 0 Td [(p.)-250(51\051.)-250(He)-249(was,)-250(perhaps,)-250(fifteen)-250(years)-249(older)-250(than)-250(Suetonius,)-249(and)]TJ -53.804 -10.959 Td [(seven)-250(years)-250(older)-250(than)-250(Pliny.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(112)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(6,)-250(20;)-250(iv.)-250(13;)-250(vi.)-250(9,)-250(16,)-250(20;)-250(vii.)-250(20,)-250(33;)-250(viii.)-250(7;)-250(ix.)-250(10,)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.31 Td [(113)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.059 0 Td [(i.)-461(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.025 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.557 0 Td [(xi.)-461(11.)-460(This)-320(latter)-320(important)-321(passage)-320(fixes)-320(the)-320(date)-320(of)-321(his)]TJ -70.597 -10.959 Td [(praetorship,)-250(88)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 56.031 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(;)-250(cf.)-250(Teuffel,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(165)-250(n.)-250(6;)-250(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -71.76 -7.311 Td [(114)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Agric.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(c.)-250(45.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 285 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 286 0 R /Resources 284 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 276 0 R >> endobj 287 0 obj << /D [285 0 R /XYZ 240.806 491.077 null] >> endobj 284 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 290 0 obj << /Length 5776 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(29)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(soldiery,)-389(the)-362(noblest)-362(women)-361(driven)-362(into)-361(exile,)-390(and)-361(men)-362(of)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(highest)-291(rank)-290(and)-291(virtue)-291(condemned)-291(to)-290(death)-291(on)-291(venal)-290(testimony)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-357(the)-358(secret)-357(tribunal)-357(of)-358(the)-357(Alban)-357(Palace.)-572(His)-358(hand)-357(helped)-357(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drag)-324(Helvidius)-323(to)-324(the)-323(dungeon,)-342(and)-324(was)-324(stained)-323(with)-324(the)-323(blood)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-285(Senecio.)-354(He)-285(lived)-285(long)-285(enough)-284(under)-285(a)-285(better)-285(prince)-285(to)-284(leave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-377(unfading)-378(picture)-377(of)-378(the)-377(tragedy)-377(of)-378(solitary)-377(and)-377(remorseless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power,)-230(but)-225(not)-225(long)-226(enough)-225(to)-225(forget)-225(the)-225(horrors)-225(and)-225(degradation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-250(which)-250(he)-250(had)-250(passed.)]TJ 11.956 -16.465 Td [(The)-247(claim)-246(of)-247(Tacitus)-247(to)-246(have)-247(been)-247(uninfluenced)-246(by)-247(passion)-246(or)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([23])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(partiality)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.393 3.959 Td [(115)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.585 -3.959 Td [(has)-287(been)-287(disputed)-287(by)-287(a)-287(modern)-287(school)-287(of)-287(critics.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.199 3.959 Td [(116)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Sometimes,)-394(from)-365(a)-365(love)-365(of)-365(Caesarism)-365(and)-365(strong)-365(government,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-577(from)-577(the)-578(scholarly)-577(weakness)-577(for)-577(finding)-577(a)-577(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interpretation)-347(of)-346(history,)-371(the)-347(great)-347(historic)-346(painter)-347(of)-347(the)-346(Julio-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Claudian)-265(despotism)-265(has)-265(been)-265(represented)-265(as)-265(an)-265(acrid)-264(rhetorician)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-231(the)-231(Senatorial)-231(reaction,)-234(a)-231(dreamer)-231(who)-231(looks)-231(back)-231(wistfully)-230(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-209(old)-210(Republic,)-217(belonging)-209(to)-210(one)-209(of)-209(those)-210(haughty)-209(circles)-209(of)-209(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-291(r\351gime)-292(which)-291(were)-291(always)-292(in)-291(chronic)-291(revolt,)-302(which)-291(lived)-291(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-233(atmosphere)-233(of)-232(suspicion)-233(and)-233(poisonous)-233(gossip,)-236(and)-232(nourished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-198(dreams)-197(and)-198(hatreds)-197(till)-198(fiction)-197(and)-197(fact)-198(melted)-197(into)-198(one)-197(another)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-325(gloomy)-324(retrospect.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.647 3.959 Td [(117)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.619 -3.959 Td [(He)-324(is)-325(the)-324(great)-325(literary)-324(avenger)-325(of)-324(the)]TJ -112.266 -13.549 Td [(Senate)-181(after)-181(its)-182(long)-181(sanguinary)-181(conflict)-181(with)-181(the)-182(principate,)-194(using)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(freedom)-258(of)-259(the)-258(new)-259(order)-259(to)-258(blacken)-259(the)-258(character)-259(of)-258(princes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-283(had)-284(been)-283(forced,)-292(in)-283(the)-283(interests)-284(of)-283(the)-283(world-wide)-283(empire,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(fight)-250(and)-250(to)-250(crush)-250(a)-250(selfish)-250(and)-250(narrow-minded)-250(caste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.378 3.958 Td [(118)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -230.422 -20.424 Td [(The)-408(weakness)-407(of)-408(all)-408(such)-407(estimates)-408(of)-408(Tacitus)-407(lies)-408(in)-407(their)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 175.959 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 169.063 Td [(115)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.796 0 Td [(i.)-373(1,)-301(sed)-291(incorruptam)-290(fidem)-291(professis,)-301(neque)-291(amore)-291(quisquam)-291(et)-291(sine)]TJ -31.752 -10.959 Td [(odio)-250(dicendus)-250(est;)-250(Nipperdey,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 109.327 0 Td [(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(xxvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -128.508 -7.31 Td [(116)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Merivale,)-439(viii.)-704(84,)-439(Schiller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 108.274 0 Td [(Gesch.)-704(der)-401(R\366m.)-703(Kaiserzeit)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 107.861 0 Td [(,)-439(i.)-704(140,)-439(586.)]TJ -228.091 -10.959 Td [(According)-395(to)-395(Schiller,)-431(Tacitus)-394(has)-395(no)-395(research,)-431(no)-395(exactness)-395(of)-394(military)-395(or)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(geographical)-300(knowledge,)-313(no)-300(true)-300(conception)-301(of)-300(the)-300(time.)-400(He)-301(is)-300(an)-300(embittered)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(aristocrat)-407(and)-408(rhetorician.)-722(For)-407(a)-408(sounder)-407(estimate)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 190.494 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.876 0 Td [(Peter,)-447(ii.)-722(43,)-447(60,)-446(63;)]TJ -200.37 -10.959 Td [(Nipperdey,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.469 0 Td [(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.14 0 Td [(xxv.)-822(For)-441(the)-441(influence)-440(on)-441(the)-441(work)-441(of)-440(Suetonius)-441(of)-441(the)]TJ -65.609 -10.959 Td [(Senatorial)-250(tradition,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 73.471 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.398 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(84;)-250(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.06 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.836 0 Td [(ii.)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -228.366 -7.31 Td [(117)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.836 0 Td [(ii.)-250(66.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.451 -7.311 Td [(118)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Merivale,)-250(viii.)-250(95)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 289 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 290 0 R /Resources 288 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 276 0 R >> endobj 291 0 obj << /D [289 0 R /XYZ 318.314 406.866 null] >> endobj 288 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 294 0 obj << /Length 5410 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(30)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(failure)-281(to)-280(recognise)-280(the)-281(complex)-280(nature)-281(of)-280(the)-281(man,)-288(the)-280(mingled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-396(crossing)-395(influences)-396(of)-395(training,)-432(official)-396(experience,)-431(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(environment,)-412(and)-379(lofty)-380(moral)-379(ideals)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.042 3.959 Td [(119)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.454 -3.959 Td [(;)-444(it)-379(lies)-380(even)-379(more)-380(in)-379(a)]TJ -174.496 -13.549 Td [(misconception)-378(of)-378(his)-377(aims)-378(as)-378(a)-378(historian.)-633(Tacitus)-378(was)-378(a)-377(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(orator,)-271(and)-266(the)-266(spirit)-267(of)-266(the)-267(rhetorical)-266(school,)-271(combined)-266(with)-266(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-253(and)-254(dexterity)-253(of)-253(style)-254(which)-253(it)-254(could)-253(communicate,)-254(left)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greatest)-217(Roman)-217(historians)-217(with)-218(a)-217(less)-217(rigorous)-217(sense)-217(of)-217(truth)-217(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-371(weakest)-371(modern)-370(successors)-371(often)-371(possess.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.605 3.959 Td [(120)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.133 -3.959 Td [(No)-371(Roman)]TJ -231.738 -13.549 Td [(ever)-342(rose)-343(to)-342(the)-343(Thucydidean)-342(conception)-343(of)-342(history.)-527(Moreover)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Tacitus,)-465(although)-422(originally)-422(not)-421(of)-422(the)-422(highest)-422(social)-422(rank,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(121)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(belonged)-282(to)-282(the)-282(aristocratic)-282(class)-282(by)-282(sympathy)-282(and)-281(associations.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Like)-416(Suetonius,)-457(he)-415(necessarily)-416(drew)-416(much)-415(of)-416(his)-415(information)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-374(the)-375(memories)-374(of)-375(great)-374(houses)-374(and)-375(the)-374(tales)-375(of)-374(the)-374(elders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-292(had)-292(lived)-292(through)-292(the)-292(evil)-291(days.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.819 3.958 Td [(122)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.552 -3.958 Td [(He)-292(acquired)-292(thus)-292(many)]TJ -178.371 -13.55 Td [(of)-227(the)-226(prejudices)-227(of)-226(a)-227(class)-226(which,)-231(from)-227(its)-226(history,)-231(and)-227(still)-226(more)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([24])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(from)-257(its)-257(education,)-259(sought)-257(its)-257(ideals)-258(in)-257(the)-257(past)-257(rather)-257(than)-257(in)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(future.)-320(He)-273(mingled)-273(in)-273(those)-274(circles,)-279(which)-273(in)-273(every)-273(age)-273(disguise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-323(meanness)-323(and)-322(bitterness)-323(of)-323(gossip)-322(by)-323(the)-323(airy)-323(artistic)-322(touch)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-357(audacious)-356(wit,)-384(polished)-357(in)-356(many)-357(social)-357(encounters.)-570(He)-356(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(himself)-352(witnessed)-353(the)-352(triumph)-353(of)-352(delation)-352(and)-353(the)-352(cold)-352(cruelty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-401(Domitian.)-703(He)-400(had)-401(shared)-401(in)-401(the)-401(humiliation)-401(of)-401(the)-400(Senate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-294(had)-294(been)-295(cowed)-294(into)-294(acquiescence)-294(in)-294(his)-294(worst)-294(excesses.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-306(the)-307(spectacle)-306(had)-306(inspired)-307(him)-306(with)-306(a)-307(horror)-306(of)-306(unchecked)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-305(in)-305(the)-305(hands)-305(of)-305(a)-304(bad)-305(man,)-319(and)-305(a)-305(gloomy)-305(distrust)-305(of)-304(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-268(nature)-268(which)-267(could)-268(sink)-268(to)-268(such)-268(ignoble)-267(servility.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.114 3.958 Td [(123)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.763 -3.958 Td [(Yet)]TJ -264.877 -13.55 Td [(on)-212(the)-212(other)-212(hand)-212(Tacitus)-212(had)-212(gained)-212(practical)-212(experience)-212(in)-211(high)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(office,)-452(both)-411(as)-412(soldier)-411(and)-412(administrator,)-452(which)-411(has)-412(always)-411(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sobering)-326(effect)-327(on)-326(the)-327(judgment.)-479(He)-326(realised)-327(the)-326(difficulties)-326(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.388 Td [(119)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(46)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(120)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(188,)-250(200.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(121)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(His)-312(father)-313(was)-312(probably)-312(a)-312(Roman)-313(Eques,)-328(procurator)-312(in)-312(Belgium;)-344(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 259.959 0 Td [(H.)]TJ -271.915 -10.959 Td [(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.464 0 Td [(vii.)-250(16,)-250(76.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -10.215 -7.31 Td [(122)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.397 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(83,)-250(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(69)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -64.492 -7.311 Td [(123)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(i.)-250(7;)-250(xv.)-250(71;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.344 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(45;)-250(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(62.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 293 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 294 0 R /Resources 292 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 276 0 R >> endobj 295 0 obj << /D [293 0 R /XYZ 120.903 328.486 null] >> endobj 292 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 298 0 obj << /Length 5119 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(31)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(government)-337(and)-338(the)-337(unreasonableness)-338(of)-337(ordinary)-337(men.)-512(Hence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-235(has)-235(no)-236(sympathy)-235(with)-235(a)-235(doctrinaire)-235(and)-235(chimerical)-235(opposition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-328(under)-328(the)-329(worst)-328(government.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.168 3.959 Td [(124)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.74 -3.959 Td [(However)-328(much)-328(he)-329(might)]TJ -169.908 -13.549 Td [(respect)-340(the)-341(high)-340(character)-340(of)-340(the)-341(philosophic)-340(enthusiasts)-340(of)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(day,)-209(he)-199(distrusted)-199(their)-199(theatrical)-199(defiance)-199(of)-199(power,)-209(and)-199(he)-198(threw)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-275(shield)-276(over)-275(a)-276(discreet)-275(reserve,)-282(which)-275(could)-275(forget)-276(that)-275(it)-275(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(serving)-234(a)-233(tyrant)-234(in)-234(serving)-233(the)-234(commonwealth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.633 3.959 Td [(125)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.121 -3.959 Td [(Tacitus)-234(may)-233(at)]TJ -216.754 -13.549 Td [(times)-274(express)-274(himself)-275(with)-274(a)-274(stern)-274(melancholy)-274(bitterness,)-280(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-442(at)-443(first)-442(seem)-442(to)-442(mark)-442(him)-443(as)-442(a)-442(revolutionary)-442(dreamer,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(avenging)-479(an)-479(outraged)-479(political)-479(ideal.)-937(Such)-479(an)-479(interpretation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-356(be)-357(a)-356(grave)-357(mistake,)-383(which)-356(he)-356(would)-357(himself)-356(have)-356(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-427(first)-427(to)-427(correct.)-781(The)-427(ideal)-427(which)-427(he)-427(is)-427(avenging)-427(is)-427(not)-427(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(political,)-355(but)-334(a)-334(moral)-334(ideal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 121.462 3.959 Td [(126)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.929 -3.959 Td [(The)-334(bitter)-334(sadness)-334(is)-334(that)-334(of)-334(the)]TJ -139.391 -13.549 Td [(profound)-436(analyst)-436(of)-436(character,)-483(with)-436(a)-436(temperament)-436(of)-436(almost)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(feverish)-342(intensity)-341(and)-342(nervous)-341(force.)-524(The)-342(interest)-341(of)-342(history)-341(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Thucydides)-395(and)-396(Polybius)-395(lies)-395(in)-395(the)-396(political)-395(lessons)-395(which)-395(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-213(teach)-213(posterity.)-237(Its)-213(interest)-213(to)-213(Tacitus)-213(lies)-213(in)-213(the)-213(discovery)-212(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hidden)-197(motives)-197(and)-197(the)-197(secret)-197(of)-197(character,)-208(in)-197(watching)-196(the)-197(stages)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-380(an)-380(inevitable)-381(degeneracy,)-412(the)-381(moral)-380(preparation)-380(for)-380(a)-380(dark,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inglorious)-276(end.)-328(And)-275(the)-276(analyst)-276(was)-276(a)-276(curiously)-276(vivid)-276(painter)-275(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([25])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(character,)-206(the)-195(character)-195(of)-195(individuals,)-206(of)-195(periods,)-206(and)-195(of)-194(peoples.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-341(portraits)-342(burn)-341(themselves)-341(into)-342(the)-341(imaginative)-341(memory,)-364(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-266(the)-266(impression,)-270(once)-267(seized,)-270(can)-266(never)-266(be)-266(lost.)-298(Tiberius)-266(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Claudius)-198(and)-199(Nero,)-209(Messal)1(ina)-199(and)-198(Agrippina,)-209(in)-198(spite)-199(of)-198(the)-198(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mordant)-253(criticism,)-255(will)-253(live)-254(for)-253(ever)-254(as)-253(they)-254(have)-253(been)-253(portrayed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-213(the)-213(fervid)-213(imagination)-213(of)-213(Tacitus.)-238(Nor)-213(is)-213(he)-213(less)-212(searching)-213(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vivid)-279(in)-278(depicting)-279(the)-278(collective)-279(feeling)-279(and)-278(character)-279(of)-278(masses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-387(men.)-663(We)-387(watch)-387(the)-388(alternating)-387(fury)-387(and)-388(repentance)-387(of)-387(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.004 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.192 Td [(124)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(12,)-250(57;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.092 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iv.)-250(6;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.677 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(42;)-250(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(47.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -131.765 -7.395 Td [(125)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.638 -7.31 Td [(126)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.237 0 Td [(iii.)-353(65,)-294(praecipuum)-284(munus)-285(annalium)-284(reor,)-293(ne)-285(virtutes)-284(sileantur,)-293(utque)]TJ -31.193 -10.959 Td [(pravis)-379(dictis)-379(factisque)-379(ex)-379(posteritate)-379(et)-380(infamia)-379(metus)-379(sit;)-443(cf.)-637(Peter,)-412(ii.)-637(46;)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Nipperdey,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.331 0 Td [(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(xxvi.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 297 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 298 0 R /Resources 296 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 300 0 R >> endobj 299 0 obj << /D [297 0 R /XYZ 188.132 260.74 null] >> endobj 296 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 303 0 obj << /Length 5384 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(32)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(mutinous)-384(legions)-385(of)-384(Germanicus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.241 3.959 Td [(127)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.014 -3.959 Td [(or)-384(the)-385(mingled)-384(fierceness)]TJ -166.255 -13.549 Td [(and)-480(sorrow)-480(with)-480(which)-480(they)-480(wandered)-480(among)-480(the)-480(bleaching)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bones)-297(on)-297(the)-298(lost)-297(battlefield)-297(of)-297(Varus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.009 3.959 Td [(128)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.824 -3.959 Td [(or)-297(the)-297(passion)-298(of)-297(grief)]TJ -182.833 -13.549 Td [(and)-223(admiration)-223(with)-223(which)-223(the)-223(praetorian)-223(cohorts)-223(kissed)-223(the)-222(self-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(inflicted)-287(wounds)-286(of)-287(Otho.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 113.308 3.959 Td [(129)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.375 -3.959 Td [(Or,)-296(again,)-295(we)-287(follow)-286(the)-287(changing)]TJ -129.683 -13.549 Td [(moods)-297(of)-296(the)-297(Roman)-297(populace,)-308(passing)-297(from)-296(anger)-297(and)-297(grief)-296(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(short-lived)-378(joy,)-409(and)-377(then)-378(to)-377(deep)-378(silent)-377(sorrow,)-410(at)-377(the)-377(varying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rumours)-384(from)-384(the)-385(East)-384(about)-384(the)-384(health)-384(of)-384(Germanicus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.971 3.959 Td [(130)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.572 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus)-253(events)-253(are)-253(nearly)-253(always)-253(seen)-253(in)-253(their)-253(moral)-253(setting.)-258(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(misery)-248(and)-248(shame)-248(of)-247(the)-248(burning)-248(of)-248(the)-248(Capitol)-248(by)-248(the)-247(Vitellians)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-317(heightened)-318(by)-317(the)-317(thought)-318(that)-317(the)-317(catastrophe)-318(is)-317(caused)-317(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(madness)-288(of)-287(civil)-288(strife.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.072 3.959 Td [(131)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.405 -3.959 Td [(In)-287(the)-288(awful)-287(conflict)-288(which)-287(raged)]TJ -133.477 -13.549 Td [(from)-255(street)-256(to)-255(street,)-257(the)-256(horror)-255(consists)-256(in)-255(the)-256(mixture)-255(of)-255(cruelty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-304(licence.)-412(The)-304(baths)-304(and)-304(brothels)-304(and)-304(taverns)-304(are)-304(crowded)-304(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-212(very)-212(hour)-212(when)-211(the)-212(neighbouring)-212(ways)-212(are)-212(piled)-212(with)-211(corpses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-340(running)-341(with)-340(blood;)-386(the)-340(rush)-341(of)-340(indulgence)-341(paused)-340(not)-340(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-346(moment;)-394(men)-346(seemed)-346(to)-346(revel)-346(in)-346(the)-346(public)-346(disasters.)-538(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-344(bloodshed)-344(enough)-345(in)-344(the)-344(days)-344(of)-344(Cinna)-344(and)-345(Sulla,)-367(but)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world)-398(was)-398(at)-397(least)-398(spared)-398(such)-398(a)-397(carnival)-398(of)-398(lust.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.369 3.958 Td [(132)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.016 -3.958 Td [(Even)-398(in)]TJ -245.385 -13.55 Td [(reporting)-240(or)-239(imagining)-240(the)-239(speech)-240(of)-239(Galgacus)-240(to)-239(his)-240(warriors)-239(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-307(Grampians,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.279 3.959 Td [(133)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.961 -3.959 Td [(even)-307(in)-307(the)-308(pictures)-307(of)-307(the)-307(German)-308(tribes,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.937 3.959 Td [(134)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(the)-359(ethical)-360(interest)-359(is)-360(always)-359(foremost.)-579(The)-359(cruel)-360(terror)-359(of)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prince,)-378(the)-352(effeminacy)-352(and)-351(abandoned)-352(adulation)-352(of)-352(the)-352(nobles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(grossness)-329(and)-329(fierceness)-328(of)-329(the)-329(masses,)-349(contrasted)-329(with)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(loyalty,)-400(chastity,)-401(and)-370(hardihood)-370(of)-370(the)-371(German)-370(clans,)-400(seem)-370(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-206(dimly)-207(foreshadowed)-206(to)-206(Tacitus)-207(a)-206(danger)-206(from)-207(which)-206(all)-206(true)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([26])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.601 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 147.788 Td [(127)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(i.)-250(39,)-250(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.31 Td [(128)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(61,)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(129)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(49.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -31.137 -7.311 Td [(130)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(ii.)-250(82.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.635 -7.31 Td [(131)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iii.)-250(72.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -31.137 -7.311 Td [(132)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(83.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(133)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.639 -7.311 Td [(134)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Germ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.899 0 Td [(17,)-250(19,)-250(20,)-250(23,)-250(25.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 302 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 303 0 R /Resources 301 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 300 0 R >> endobj 304 0 obj << /D [302 0 R /XYZ 252.649 179.445 null] >> endobj 301 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 307 0 obj << /Length 5903 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(33)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Romans)-250(averted)-250(their)-250(eyes)-250(till)-250(the)-250(end.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.553 3.959 Td [(135)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -155.597 -24.095 Td [(The)-371(key)-370(to)-371(the)-370(interpretation)-371(of)-371(Tacitus)-370(is)-371(to)-370(regard)-371(him)-370(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(a)-336(moralist)-335(rather)-336(than)-336(a)-335(politician.)-507(And)-336(he)-336(is)-335(a)-336(moralist)-336(with)-335(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sad,)-355(clinging)-334(pessimism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.344 3.959 Td [(136)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.932 -3.959 Td [(He)-334(is)-334(doomed)-334(to)-334(be)-334(the)-334(chronicler)]TJ -127.276 -13.549 Td [(of)-344(an)-345(evil)-344(time,)-368(although)-344(he)-344(will)-344(save)-345(from)-344(oblivion)-344(the)-344(traces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-258(relics)-258(of)-258(ancient)-258(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 119.411 3.959 Td [(137)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.442 -3.959 Td [(He)-258(has)-258(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.785 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-258(pessimist)-258(theory)]TJ -202.27 -13.549 Td [(of)-481(evolution.)-945(The)-481(early)-482(equality)-481(and)-481(peace)-482(and)-481(temperance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-367(been)-368(lost)-367(through)-367(a)-368(steady)-367(growth)-367(of)-368(greed)-367(and)-367(egotistic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ambition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.519 3.959 Td [(138)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.948 -3.959 Td [(It)-186(is)-186(in)-186(the)-186(past)-186(we)-185(must)-186(seek)-186(our)-186(ideals;)-207(it)-186(is)-186(from)-186(the)]TJ -56.467 -13.549 Td [(past)-297(we)-298(derive)-297(our)-298(strength.)-392(With)-297(the)-298(same)-297(gloomy)-298(view)-297(of)-297(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contemporaries)-200(as)-200(M.)-200(Aurelius)-199(had,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.539 3.959 Td [(139)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.743 -3.959 Td [(he)-200(holds)-200(vaguely)-200(a)-200(similar)]TJ -168.282 -13.549 Td [(view)-409(of)-410(cycles)-410(in)-409(human)-410(affairs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.665 3.959 Td [(140)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.402 -3.959 Td [(And)-409(probably)-410(the)-410(fairest)]TJ -169.067 -13.549 Td [(hope)-264(which)-265(ever)-264(visited)-265(the)-264(mind)-265(of)-264(Tacitus)-265(was)-264(that)-264(of)-265(a)-264(return)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-292(the)-292(simplicity)-292(of)-292(a)-292(long)-293(gone)-292(age.)-376(He)-292(hailed)-292(the)-292(accession)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian)-223(and)-223(of)-223(Trajan)-223(as)-224(a)-223(happy)-223(change)-223(to)-223(purer)-223(manners)-223(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-348(freedom)-347(of)-348(speech.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.712 3.959 Td [(141)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.376 -3.959 Td [(But)-348(the)-347(reign)-348(of)-348(Vespasian)-347(had)-348(been)]TJ -116.088 -13.549 Td [(followed)-231(by)-232(the)-231(gloomy)-231(suspicious)-232(despotism)-231(of)-232(Domitian.)-243(Who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-395(be)-394(sure)-395(about)-395(the)-394(successors)-395(of)-395(Trajan?)-684(Tacitus)-394(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shared)-445(the)-446(enthusiasm)-445(and)-445(exuberant)-445(hopes)-446(expressed)-445(by)-445(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friend)-264(Pliny)-265(in)-264(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 81.842 0 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.837 0 Td [(.)-293(It)-264(was)-265(a)-264(natural)-264(outbreak)-264(of)-265(joy)-264(at)]TJ -126.679 -13.549 Td [(escaping)-245(from)-245(the)-244(dungeon,)-246(and)-245(the)-245(personal)-245(character)-245(of)-244(Trajan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(succeeded)-452(in)-453(partially)-452(veiling)-452(the)-452(overwhelming)-453(force)-452(of)-452(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor)-243(under)-244(the)-243(figment)-243(of)-244(the)-243(freely)-243(accepted)-243(rule)-244(of)-243(the)-243(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(citizen.)-251(Tacitus)-251(no)-250(doubt)-251(felt)-250(as)-251(great)-250(satisfaction)-251(as)-250(his)-251(friend)-250(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-223(suppression)-222(of)-223(the)-222(informers,)-228(the)-223(restored)-222(freedom)-223(of)-222(speech,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-302(recovered)-303(dignity)-302(of)-302(the)-303(Senate,)-315(the)-302(prince)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 205.302 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-302(respect)-303(for)-302(old)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 147.628 Td [(135)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Germ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.899 0 Td [(33,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.055 -7.311 Td [(136)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.768 0 Td [(i.)-363(3;)-307(ii.)-363(38;)-306(iii.)-364(72;)-306(Peter,)-297(ii.)-363(62.)-364(Yet)-287(this)-288(should)-288(be)-288(qualified)-287(by)-288(such)]TJ -31.724 -10.959 Td [(passages)-250(as)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.326 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iii.)-250(55;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.662 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(i.;)-250(cf.)-250(Nipperdey,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 63.248 0 Td [(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(xxvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -188.277 -7.311 Td [(137)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iii.)-250(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.634 -7.31 Td [(138)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(139)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(ix.)-250(29,)-250(34;)-250(x.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(140)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iii.)-250(55;)-250(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(vii.)-250(1;)-250(ix.)-250(4;)-250(x.)-250(23;)-250(ix.)-250(28.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.311 Td [(141)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 306 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 307 0 R /Resources 305 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 300 0 R >> endobj 305 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 310 0 obj << /Length 5981 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(34)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(republican)-278(forms)-279(and)-278(etiquette.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.66 3.959 Td [(142)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.11 -3.959 Td [(He)-278(felt)-279(probably)-278(even)-279(keener)]TJ -152.77 -13.549 Td [(pleasure)-295(that)-295(virtue)-295(and)-295(talent)-295(had)-295(no)-295(longer)-295(to)-295(hide)-295(themselves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-257(a)-258(jealous)-257(eye,)-259(and)-258(that)-257(the)-258(whole)-257(tone)-257(of)-258(society)-257(was)-257(being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(raised)-285(by)-284(the)-285(temperate)-285(example)-285(of)-284(the)-285(emperor.)-354(But)-285(he)-285(did)-284(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(share)-346(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.835 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-346(illusions)-346(as)-347(to)-346(the)-346(prince)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 118.274 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-346(altered)-346(position)-346(under)]TJ -175.374 -13.549 Td [(the)-427(new)-427(r\351gime.)-781(The)-427(old)-426(Republic)-427(was)-427(gone)-427(for)-427(ever.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.994 3.959 Td [(143)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.971 -3.959 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.549 Td [(was)-411(still)-410(the)-411(rule)-411(of)-410(one)-411(man,)-451(on)-410(whose)-411(character)-410(everything)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([27])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(depended.)-676(He)-392(would)-392(never)-392(have)-392(joined)-392(Plutarch)-392(and)-392(Dion)-392(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exalting)-406(the)-405(emperor)-406(to)-406(the)-406(rank)-405(of)-406(vicegerent)-406(of)-405(God.)-717(With)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-401(experience)-401(and)-401(psychologic)-400(skill,)-439(he)-401(was)-401(bound)-401(to)-400(regard)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-440(solitary)-440(power)-440(as)-440(a)-440(terrible)-440(danger)-440(both)-440(to)-440(its)-440(holder)-439(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-394(subjects.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.91 3.959 Td [(144)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.907 -3.959 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Capax)-394(imperii,)-431(nisi)-394(imperasset)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.84 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.146 0 Td [(condenses)-394(a)]TJ -226.647 -13.549 Td [(whole)-316(disquisition)-317(on)-316(imperialism.)-449(In)-316(truth,)-333(Tacitus,)-333(like)-316(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thoughtful)-340(students)-341(of)-340(politics,)-363(had)-340(little)-341(fait)1(h)-341(in)-340(mere)-340(political)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forms)-294(and)-295(names.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.225 3.959 Td [(145)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.632 -3.959 Td [(They)-294(are)-295(often)-294(the)-294(merest)-295(imposture:)-338(they)]TJ -94.857 -13.549 Td [(depend)-412(greatly)-411(on)-412(the)-412(spirit)-411(and)-412(social)-412(tone)-411(which)-412(lie)-411(behind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them.)-890(In)-463(the)-463(abstract,)-516(perhaps,)-517(Tacitus)-463(would)-463(have)-463(given)-463(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preference)-332(to)-331(aristocracy.)-495(But)-332(he)-331(saw)-332(how)-332(easily)-331(it)-332(might)-331(pass)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-318(a)-317(selfish)-318(despotism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 107.669 3.958 Td [(146)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.392 -3.958 Td [(He)-318(had)-317(no)-318(faith)-317(in)-318(the)-317(people)-318(or)-318(in)]TJ -125.061 -13.55 Td [(popular)-295(government,)-307(with)-296(its)-295(unstable)-296(excitability.)-386(He)-295(admitted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-429(the)-428(conquests)-429(of)-429(Rome,)-473(egotistic)-429(ambition,)-473(and)-429(the)-428(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anarchy)-321(of)-322(the)-321(Civil)-322(Wars)-321(had)-321(made)-322(the)-321(rule)-322(of)-321(one)-321(inevitable.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-455(monarchy)-455(easily)-454(glides)-455(into)-455(tyranny,)-506(and)-455(he)-455(accepts)-454(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Empire)-345(only)-345(as)-345(a)-345(perilous)-345(necessity)-345(which)-345(may)-345(be)-345(justified)-344(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-337(advent)-337(of)-337(a)-338(good)-337(prince.)-511(The)-337(hereditary)-338(succession,)-358(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-270(been)-269(grafted)-270(on)-270(the)-269(principate)-270(of)-270(Augustus,)-274(had)-270(inflicted)-269(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-302(world)-301(a)-302(succession)-302(of)-302(fools)-301(or)-302(monsters.)-405(The)-302(only)-302(hope)-301(lay)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-257(elevating)-258(the)-257(standard)-258(of)-257(virtue,)-259(and)-258(in)-257(the)-257(choice)-258(of)-257(a)-257(worthy)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.431 Td [(142)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(35,)-250(53,)-250(54,)-250(66;)-250(cf.)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 83.423 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -160.889 -7.311 Td [(143)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.282 0 Td [(i.)-245(1,)-236(omnem)-234(potentiam)-233(ad)-234(unum)-233(conferri)-234(pacis)-234(interfuit;)-239(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 211.724 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.282 0 Td [(i.)-245(16;)]TJ -262.244 -10.959 Td [(ii.)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(144)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.44 0 Td [(xiv.)-421(47;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.947 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.942 0 Td [(iv.)-421(8,)-322(bonos)-307(imperatores)-307(voto)-307(expetere,)-321(qualescumque)]TJ -83.285 -10.959 Td [(tolerare.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(145)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(46;)-250(vi.)-250(42;)-250(iv.)-250(33;)-250(iii.)-250(27;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.131 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -153.196 -7.311 Td [(146)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(53;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.078 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(vi.)-250(42.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 309 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 310 0 R /Resources 308 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 300 0 R >> endobj 311 0 obj << /D [309 0 R /XYZ 327.515 436.88 null] >> endobj 308 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 314 0 obj << /Length 6377 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(35)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(successor)-308(by)-308(the)-308(forms)-308(of)-308(adoption.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.286 3.959 Td [(147)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.076 -3.959 Td [(The)-308(one)-308(had)-308(in)-308(his)-308(own)]TJ -175.362 -13.549 Td [(time)-280(given)-281(the)-280(world)-280(a)-280(Domitian,)-288(and)-281(was)-280(destined)-280(within)-280(three)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generations)-310(to)-310(give)-311(it)-310(a)-310(Commodus.)-431(The)-310(other)-310(secured)-310(to)-310(it)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peace)-250(and)-250(order)-250(of)-250(the)-250(age)-250(of)-250(which)-250(Tacitus)-250(saw)-250(the)-250(dawn.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 255.676 3.958 Td [(148)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -243.72 -21.301 Td [(The)-318(motive)-319(of)-318(Tacitus)-318(was)-318(essentially)-319(ethical,)-335(and)-318(his)-318(moral)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(standard)-488(was)-488(in)-488(many)-488(respects)-488(lofty.)-964(Yet)-488(his)-488(standard)-487(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-326(limited)-326(by)-327(the)-326(prejudices)-326(of)-326(his)-327(class.)-478(He)-326(cherished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(old)-329(Roman)-328(ideal)-329(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.017 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(virtus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.851 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.43 0 Td [(rather)-329(than)-329(the)-328(Stoic)-329(gospel)-329(of)]TJ -145.141 -13.549 Td [(a)-295(cosmopolitan)-294(brotherhood)-295(of)-294(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 160.408 3.959 Td [(149)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.638 -3.959 Td [(Like)-295(Pliny,)-305(he)-295(felt)-294(little)]TJ -177.046 -13.549 Td [(horror)-362(at)-361(gladiatorial)-362(combats,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.749 3.959 Td [(150)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.702 -3.959 Td [(although)-362(he)-361(may)-362(have)-361(had)-362(a)]TJ -152.451 -13.549 Td [(certain)-268(contempt)-268(for)-267(the)-268(rage)-268(for)-268(them.)-303(He)-268(had)-268(probably)-268(far)-267(less)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(humane)-313(feelings)-314(than)-313(Pliny)-313(on)-314(the)-313(subject)-313(of)-314(slavery.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.714 3.959 Td [(151)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.254 -3.959 Td [(While)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.056 0 Td [([28])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(he)-285(admired)-286(many)-285(of)-285(the)-286(rude)-285(virtues)-285(of)-286(the)-285(Germans,)-294(he)-285(prayed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Heaven)-344(that)-344(their)-343(tribal)-344(blood-feuds)-344(might)-344(last)-344(for)-343(ever.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.659 3.959 Td [(152)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.251 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(has)-394(all)-394(the)-394(faith)-394(of)-394(Theognis)-394(in)-394(the)-394(moral)-394(value)-394(of)-394(blood)-393(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(breeding.)-239(He)-219(feels)-218(a)-218(proud)-218(satisfaction)-218(in)-218(recording)-218(the)-218(virtues)-218(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-324(scion)-324(of)-324(a)-324(noble)-324(race,)-343(and)-324(degeneracy)-324(from)-324(great)-324(traditions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moves)-208(his)-209(indignant)-208(pity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.952 3.959 Td [(153)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.029 -3.959 Td [(He)-208(sometimes)-209(throws)-208(a)-209(veil)-208(over)-209(the)]TJ -123.981 -13.549 Td [(degenerates.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.218 3.959 Td [(154)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.945 -3.959 Td [(The)-185(great)-185(economic)-185(revolution)-185(which)-185(was)-185(raising)]TJ -69.163 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(freedman,)-251(the)-250(petty)-251(trader,)-251(the)-251(obscure)-250(provincial,)-251(to)-251(the)-250(top,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-244(probably)-244(regarded)-243(with)-244(something)-244(of)-244(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 210.467 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-244(suspicion)-244(and)]TJ -214.1 -13.55 Td [(dislike.)-410(The)-303(new)-303(man)-303(would)-303(have)-303(needed)-303(a)-304(fine)-303(character,)-316(or)-303(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-238(record)-238(of)-238(service,)-240(to)-238(commend)-238(him)-238(to)-238(Tacitus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.985 3.959 Td [(155)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.136 -3.959 Td [(But,)-240(with)]TJ -240.121 -13.549 Td [(all)-238(these)-239(defects)-238(of)-238(hard)-239(and)-238(narrow)-238(prejudice,)-241(Tacitus)-238(maintains)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 188.14 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 181.328 Td [(147)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(16;)-250(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(61.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -31.136 -7.311 Td [(148)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(i.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.562 -7.31 Td [(149)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.395 Td [(150)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.378 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.413 0 Td [(i.)-412(76;)-331(quanquam)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.939 0 Td [(vili)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.185 0 Td [(sanguine)-304(nimis)-304(gaudens.)-412(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 107.485 0 Td [(Dial.)-412(de)-304(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -235.355 -10.959 Td [(29;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.637 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vi.)-250(34,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -46.833 -7.394 Td [(151)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(43;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.643 0 Td [(Germ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.899 0 Td [(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.176 -7.394 Td [(152)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Germ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.639 0 Td [(33.)-240(Cf.)-241(his)-221(contempt)-221(for)-221(the)-221(Christians)-221(and)-221(devotees)-221(of)-221(Eastern)-221(cults,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -36.594 -10.959 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(ii.)-250(85;)-250(xv.)-250(44.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -18.679 -7.394 Td [(153)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(i.)-250(53;)-250(iv.)-250(3;)-250(iii.)-250(39:)-250(vi.)-250(29;)-250(xii.)-250(12;)-250(iii.)-250(24;)-250(xvi.)-250(16.)-250(Cf.)-250(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(51.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.634 -7.395 Td [(154)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.634 -7.394 Td [(155)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(ii.)-250(21;)-250(vi.)-250(27;)-250(iv.)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 313 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 314 0 R /Resources 312 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 300 0 R >> endobj 315 0 obj << /D [313 0 R /XYZ 300.739 365.34 null] >> endobj 312 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 318 0 obj << /Length 5104 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(36)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-189(lofty)-189(ideal)-190(of)-189(character,)-201(a)-189(severe)-190(enthusiasm)-189(for)-189(the)-189(great)-189(virtues)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(are)-250(the)-250(salt)-250(of)-250(every)-250(society.)]TJ 11.956 -22.712 Td [(Of)-437(the)-438(early)-437(nurture)-438(of)-437(Tacitus)-438(nothing)-437(is)-438(directly)-437(known.)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(But)-378(we)-378(may)-378(be)-379(permitted)-378(to)-378(imagine)-378(him)-378(tenderly)-378(yet)-378(strictly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guarded)-311(from)-311(the)-311(taint)-311(of)-311(slave)-311(nurses)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.807 3.959 Td [(156)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.846 -3.959 Td [(by)-311(a)-311(mother)-311(who)-311(was)]TJ -184.653 -13.549 Td [(as)-219(unspotted)-219(as)-219(Julia)-219(Procilla,)-226(the)-219(mother)-219(of)-219(his)-219(hero)-219(Agricola.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(157)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(What)-479(importance)-478(he)-479(attached)-478(to)-479(this)-478(jealous)-479(care)-478(of)-479(a)-478(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(woman,)-343(what)-325(a)-325(horror)-325(he)-324(had)-325(of)-325(the)-324(incitements)-325(to)-325(cruelty)-324(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lust)-407(which)-407(surrounded)-406(the)-407(young)-407(Roman)-407(from)-407(his)-406(cradle,)-446(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-439(be)-438(traced)-439(in)-438(many)-439(a)-438(passage)-439(coming)-439(from)-438(the)-439(heart.)-815(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideal)-359(of)-359(youthful)-359(chastity)-360(and)-359(of)-359(the)-359(pure)-359(harmony)-359(of)-359(a)-359(single)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wedded)-400(union,)-437(reveals)-400(to)-400(us)-399(another)-400(world)-400(from)-400(the)-400(scene)-399(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heartless,)-406(vagrant)-375(intrigue,)-406(on)-374(which)-375(Ovid)-375(wasted)-375(his)-374(brilliant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gifts.)-391(His)-297(taste,)-309(if)-297(not)-297(his)-297(principles,)-309(revolted)-297(against)-297(the)-297(coarse)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seductions)-384(of)-383(the)-384(spectacles)-383(and)-383(the)-384(wasteful)-383(grossness)-384(of)-383(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(banquets)-344(of)-344(his)-343(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.976 3.958 Td [(158)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.25 -3.958 Td [(He)-344(envies)-344(the)-343(Germans)-344(their)-344(freedom)]TJ -112.226 -13.55 Td [(from)-225(these)-226(great)-225(corrupters)-226(of)-225(Roman)-226(character,)-230(from)-226(the)-225(lust)-225(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gold,)-318(and)-305(the)-305(calculating)-304(sterility)-305(which)-305(cut)-304(itself)-305(from)-304(nature)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(purest)-367(pleasure,)-397(to)-367(be)-368(surrounded)-367(on)-367(the)-368(deathbed)-367(by)-367(a)-367(crowd)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-316(hungry,)-332(shameless)-315(sycophants.)-447(While)-316(Tacitus)-315(had)-316(a)-315(burning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-406(for)-406(the)-405(nerveless)-406(cowardice)-406(and)-406(sluggishness)-405(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(degraded)-429(so)-430(many)-429(of)-430(his)-429(order,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.906 3.959 Td [(159)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.627 -3.959 Td [(he)-429(may)-430(have)-429(valued)-430(even)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -235.288 0 Td [([29])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(to)-417(excess,)-459(although)-416(it)-417(is)-417(hardly)-417(possible)-417(to)-417(do)-417(so,)-459(the)-416(virtues)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-323(the)-324(strenuous)-323(soldier.)-470(Proud)-324(submission)-323(to)-324(authority,)-341(proud,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cold)-243(endurance)-242(in)-243(the)-242(face)-243(of)-242(cruel)-243(hardship)-242(and)-243(enormous)-242(odds,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(readiness)-448(to)-448(sacrifice)-449(even)-448(life)-448(at)-448(the)-448(call)-448(of)-449(the)-448(State,)-497(must)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(always)-290(tower)-290(over)-290(the)-290(safe)-290(aspirations)-290(of)-290(an)-290(untried)-290(virtue.)-370(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soldier,)-459(though)-417(he)-417(never)-417(knows)-417(it,)-458(is)-417(the)-417(noblest)-417(of)-417(idealists.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.416 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.52 Td [(156)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.141 0 Td [(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -38.848 -7.394 Td [(157)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.639 -7.395 Td [(158)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Germ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.089 0 Td [(19,)-695(saepta)-605(pudicitia)-606(agunt,)-695(nullis)-605(spectaculorum)-606(inlecebris)-606(...)]TJ -40.045 -10.959 Td [(corruptae;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.592 0 Td [(De)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.141 0 Td [(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.484 -7.394 Td [(159)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iii.)-250(37;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.661 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(i.)-250(7;)-250(xv.)-250(57,)-250(71.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 317 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 318 0 R /Resources 316 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 300 0 R >> endobj 319 0 obj << /D [317 0 R /XYZ 353.577 224.479 null] >> endobj 316 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 322 0 obj << /Length 4943 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(37)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(The)-367(ideal)-367(of)-367(Tacitus,)-396(although)-367(he)-366(sees)-367(his)-367(faults)-367(of)-367(temper,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(160)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(was)-255(probably)-254(the)-255(character)-254(of)-255(his)-254(father-in-law,)-256(Agricola,)-255(grave,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(earnest)-470(and)-471(severe,)-525(yet)-470(with)-470(a)-471(mingled)-470(clemency,)-525(free)-470(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-461(vulgar)-461(avarice)-461(or)-460(ostentation)-461(of)-461(rank,)-514(from)-461(all)-460(poisonous)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(jealousy,)-255(an)-253(eager)-254(ambitious)-253(warrior,)-255(yet)-254(one)-253(knowing)-254(well)-253(how)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-408(temper)-408(audacious)-408(energy)-408(with)-407(prudence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.444 3.959 Td [(161)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.348 -3.959 Td [(Tacitus)-408(would)]TJ -216.792 -13.549 Td [(probably)-501(have)-501(sought)-500(his)-501(ideal)-501(among)-501(those)-501(grey)-500(war-worn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soldiers)-235(on)-235(a)-236(dangerous)-235(frontier,)-238(half)-235(warrior)-235(and)-235(half)-235(statesman,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(just)-382(and)-382(clement,)-415(stern)-382(in)-382(discipline,)-415(yet)-382(possessing)-382(the)-382(secret)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-394(the)-395(Roman)-394(soldier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.532 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-394(love,)-431(the)-394(men)-394(who)-394(were)-395(guarding)-394(the)]TJ -100.164 -13.549 Td [(Solway,)-331(the)-316(Rhine,)-331(and)-315(the)-315(Danube,)-332(while)-315(their)-315(brethren)-315(in)-315(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Senate)-433(were)-433(purchasing)-433(their)-433(lives)-433(or)-433(their)-433(ease)-433(by)-432(adulation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-366(treachery.)-598(Yet,)-395(after)-366(all,)-395(Tacitus)-366(was)-366(too)-366(great)-366(for)-366(such)-365(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(limited)-286(ideal.)-358(He)-286(could)-286(admire)-286(faith)-286(and)-286(courage)-286(and)-286(constancy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-320(any)-319(rank.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.328 3.959 Td [(162)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.461 -3.959 Td [(With)-320(profound)-319(admiration)-320(and)-320(subdued)-319(pathos,)]TJ -70.789 -13.549 Td [(he)-347(tells)-347(how)-347(the)-347(freedwoman)-347(Epicharis,)-371(racked)-347(and)-347(fainting)-346(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-230(limb)-230(with)-230(the)-230(extremity)-230(of)-230(torture,)-234(refused)-230(to)-230(tell)-230(the)-230(secret)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-407(the)-407(Pisonian)-406(conspiracy,)-446(and)-407(by)-407(a)-407(voluntary)-407(death)-406(shamed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-367(knights)-368(and)-367(nobles)-368(who)-367(were)-368(ready)-367(to)-368(betray)-367(their)-367(nearest)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(kin.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 16.669 3.959 Td [(163)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.006 -3.959 Td [(The)-275(slave)-275(girls)-276(of)-275(the)-275(empress,)-282(who)-275(defiantly)-275(upheld)-275(her)]TJ -32.675 -13.549 Td [(fair)-403(fame,)-441(under)-403(the)-403(last)-403(cruel)-403(ordeal,)-441(are)-403(honoured)-403(by)-403(a)-403(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(memorial.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.542 3.959 Td [(164)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -32.586 -20.939 Td [(The)-191(deepest)-191(feeling)-191(of)-192(Tacitus)-191(about)-191(the)-191(early)-191(Empire)-191(seems)-191(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(have)-211(been)-212(that)-211(it)-212(was)-211(fatal)-211(to)-212(character)-211(both)-211(in)-212(prince)-211(and)-211(subject.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This)-346(conviction)-346(he)-347(has)-346(expressed)-346(with)-346(the)-346(burning)-346(intensity)-346(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-355(artist.)-564(He)-355(could)-355(never)-355(have)-354(penned)-355(one)-355(of)-355(those)-354(laborious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paragraphs)-209(of)-210(Suetonius)-209(which)-210(seem)-209(transcribed)-210(from)-209(a)-209(carefully)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(kept)-225(note-book,)-229(with)-225(a)-225(lifeless)-224(catalogue)-225(of)-225(the)-224(vices,)-230(the)-224(virtues,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-387(the)-386(eccentricities)-387(of)-386(the)-387(subject.)-659(For)-387(Tacitus,)-420(history)-387(is)-386(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.43 Td [(160)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.638 -7.311 Td [(161)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(162)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(60.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.634 -7.31 Td [(163)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(57.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(164)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(60.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 321 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 322 0 R /Resources 320 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 323 0 R >> endobj 320 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 326 0 obj << /Length 5963 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(38)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(living)-332(and)-332(real)-332(thing,)-352(not)-332(a)-332(matter)-332(of)-332(mere)-332(antiquarian)-331(interest.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-347(has)-346(seen)-347(a)-347(single)-347(lawless)-346(will,)-371(unchecked)-347(by)-346(constitutional)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([30])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(restraints)-347(or)-346(ordinary)-347(human)-347(feeling,)-371(making)-346(sport)-347(of)-347(the)-346(lives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-224(fortunes)-223(of)-224(men.)-241(He)-224(has)-224(seen)-223(the)-224(sons)-223(of)-224(the)-224(proudest)-223(houses)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(selling)-503(their)-504(ancestral)-503(honour)-503(for)-503(their)-504(lives,)-566(betraying)-503(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nearest)-214(and)-214(dearest,)-221(and)-214(kissing)-214(the)-214(hand)-214(which)-214(was)-214(reeking)-213(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(innocent)-286(blood.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.268 3.959 Td [(165)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.356 -3.959 Td [(When)-286(he)-286(looked)-286(back,)-295(he)-286(saw)-285(that,)-295(for)-286(more)]TJ -84.624 -13.549 Td [(than)-272(fifteen)-272(years,)-277(with)-272(brief)-272(intervals,)-278(virtue)-272(had)-272(been)-272(exiled)-271(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compelled)-365(to)-364(hide)-365(itself)-364(in)-365(impotent)-364(seclusion,)-393(and)-365(that)-364(power)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-323(wealth)-323(had)-323(been)-324(the)-323(reward)-323(of)-323(perfidy)-323(and)-323(grovelling)-323(self-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abasement.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.775 3.959 Td [(166)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.017 -3.959 Td [(The)-205(brooding)-205(silence)-205(of)-205(those)-205(years)-205(of)-205(humiliating)]TJ -63.792 -13.549 Td [(servitude)-242(did)-242(not)-242(extinguish)-242(the)-242(faith)-242(of)-242(Tacitus)-242(in)-242(human)-242(virtue,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-234(it)-234(almost)-234(extinguished)-234(his)-234(faith)-234(in)-235(a)-234(righteous)-234(God.)-244(Tacitus)-234(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-287(philosopher,)-296(with)-287(either)-286(a)-287(reasoned)-287(th\351odic\351e)-287(or)-287(a)-286(consistent)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(repudiation)-247(of)-246(faith.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 86.885 3.959 Td [(167)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.168 -3.959 Td [(He)-247(uses)-246(popular)-247(language)-247(about)-247(religion,)]TJ -102.053 -13.549 Td [(and)-364(often)-364(speaks)-364(like)-364(an)-364(old)-364(Roman)-364(in)-364(all)-364(things)-364(touching)-363(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gods.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.335 3.959 Td [(168)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.258 -3.959 Td [(He)-252(is,)-253(moreover,)-253(often)-253(as)-252(credulous)-252(as)-253(he)-252(is)-252(sceptical)-253(in)]TJ -38.593 -13.549 Td [(his)-307(treatment)-307(of)-306(omens)-307(and)-307(oracles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.615 3.959 Td [(169)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.04 -3.959 Td [(But,)-321(with)-307(all)-307(his)-306(intense)]TJ -174.655 -13.549 Td [(faith)-305(in)-305(goodness,)-319(the)-305(spectacle)-305(of)-305(the)-305(world)-305(of)-305(the)-304(Caesars)-305(has)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(profoundly)-417(shaken)-417(his)-417(trust)-417(in)-417(the)-417(Divine)-417(justice.)-751(Again)-417(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(again,)-294(he)-285(attributes)-285(the)-285(long)-285(agony)-285(of)-285(the)-285(Roman)-285(world)-285(to)-285(mere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chance)-444(or)-444(fate,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.136 3.959 Td [(170)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.825 -3.959 Td [(or)-444(the)-444(anger)-444(of)-444(Heaven,)-492(as)-444(well)-444(as)-444(to)-444(the)]TJ -85.961 -13.549 Td [(madness)-263(of)-263(men.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.905 3.959 Td [(171)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.6 -3.959 Td [(Sometimes)-263(he)-263(almost)-262(denies)-263(a)-263(ruling)-263(power)]TJ -89.505 -13.549 Td [(which)-301(could)-300(permit)-300(the)-301(continuance)-300(of)-301(the)-300(crimes)-301(of)-300(a)-301(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(172)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 187.561 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 180.665 Td [(165)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(71.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.635 -7.311 Td [(166)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -31.137 -7.31 Td [(167)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.919 0 Td [(4,)-527(memoria)-472(teneo)-471(solitum)-472(ipsum)-471(narrare)-472(se)-472(studium)-471(philosophiae)]TJ -31.875 -10.959 Td [(acrius,)-376(ultra)-350(quam)-351(concessum)-351(Romano)-350(ac)-351(Senatori,)-375(exhausisse.)-552(Cf.)-552(Fabian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 0 -10.959 Td [(Quid)-250(Tac.)-250(de)-250(num.)-250(Div.)-250(judicaverit)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 125.019 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -124.77 -7.311 Td [(168)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(v.)-250(5;)-250(Nipperdey,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.514 0 Td [(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(xiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -111.081 -7.31 Td [(169)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.506 0 Td [(i.)-275(22;)-263(ii.)-276(78;)-262(i.)-276(86.)-275(But)-259(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 92.363 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.004 0 Td [(xii.)-275(43,)-261(64;)-263(xiv.)-275(32;)-263(xv.)-275(8;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 94.533 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.506 0 Td [(i.)-275(3;)-263(ii.)]TJ -256.868 -10.959 Td [(50;)-250(and)-250(Fabian,)-250(pp.)-250(17,)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(170)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(20;)-250(cf.)-250(vi.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.635 -7.31 Td [(171)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -31.137 -7.311 Td [(172)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(12;)-250(Fabian,)-250(p.)-250(23.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 325 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 326 0 R /Resources 324 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 323 0 R >> endobj 327 0 obj << /D [325 0 R /XYZ 190.007 504.626 null] >> endobj 328 0 obj << /D [325 0 R /XYZ 164.772 99.501 null] >> endobj 324 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 331 0 obj << /Length 4941 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(39)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Sometimes)-352(he)-352(grimly)-353(notes)-352(its)-352(impartial)-352(treatment)-352(of)-352(the)-352(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-342(the)-343(evil.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.646 3.959 Td [(173)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.206 -3.959 Td [(And)-342(again,)-366(he)-342(speaks)-343(of)-342(the)-343(Powers)-342(who)-343(visit)]TJ -73.852 -13.549 Td [(not)-318(to)-319(protect,)-335(but)-319(only)-318(to)-319(avenge.)-455(And)-318(so,)-336(by)-318(a)-319(curse)-318(like)-318(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-433(haunted)-432(the)-433(Pelopidae)-432(in)-433(tragic)-433(legend,)-478(the)-432(monarchy,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cradled)-302(in)-302(ambition)-302(and)-302(civil)-302(strife,)-315(has)-302(gone)-302(on)-302(corrupting)-302(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corrupted.)-744(The)-415(lust)-414(of)-415(despotic)-415(power)-414(which)-415(Tacitus)-414(regards)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-308(the)-307(fiercest)-308(and)-307(most)-308(insatiable)-307(of)-308(human)-307(passions,)-322(has)-307(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intensified)-382(by)-382(the)-382(spectacle)-382(of)-382(a)-382(monarchy)-382(commanding,)-415(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practically)-347(unlimited)-347(sway,)-371(the)-347(resources)-347(and)-347(the)-347(fortunes)-347(of)-346(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([31])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -19.662 Td [(It)-418(was)-417(a)-418(dazzling)-417(prize,)-460(offering)-417(frightful)-418(temptations)-417(both)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-424(the)-424(holder)-424(and)-425(to)-424(possible)-424(rivals)-424(and)-424(pretenders.)-772(The)-424(day)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-329(which)-329(a)-329(Nero)-330(or)-329(a)-329(Caligula)-329(awoke)-329(to)-329(all)-329(the)-329(possibilities)-329(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-345(was)-345(a)-345(fateful)-344(one.)-535(And)-345(Tacitus,)-368(with)-345(the)-345(instinct)-345(of)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tragic)-245(artist,)-246(has)-245(painted)-245(the)-245(steady,)-246(fatal)-245(corruption)-245(of)-245(a)-245(prince)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(character)-452(by)-453(the)-452(corroding)-453(influence)-452(of)-453(absolute)-452(and)-452(solitary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sway.)-602(Of)-367(all)-368(the)-367(Caesars)-367(down)-367(to)-368(his)-367(time,)-397(the)-367(only)-367(one)-367(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(changed)-334(for)-334(the)-334(better)-334(was)-334(the)-334(homely)-334(Vespasian.)-502(In)-334(Tiberius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Caligula,)-277(and)-271(Nero,)-276(some)-271(of)-272(this)-271(deterioration)-271(of)-271(character)-271(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-265(set)-265(down)-265(to)-265(the)-265(morbid)-265(strain)-265(in)-266(the)-265(Julio-Claudian)-265(line,)-268(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-353(hard)-353(and)-352(cruel)-353(pride,)-379(and)-352(its)-353(heritage)-353(of)-353(a)-352(tainted)-353(blood,)-378(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-246(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.148 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-246(father)-245(knew)-246(the)-245(secret)-245(so)-246(well.)-248(Much)-246(was)-245(also)-246(due)]TJ -54.78 -13.55 Td [(to)-244(the)-243(financial)-243(exhaustion)-244(which,)-245(in)-243(successive)-244(reigns,)-244(followed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-268(most)-267(reckless)-268(waste.)-302(It)-268(would)-268(be)-267(difficult)-268(to)-267(say)-268(whether)-267(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperors)-238(or)-238(their)-238(nobles)-238(were)-238(the)-238(most)-238(to)-238(blame)-238(for)-238(the)-238(example)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-276(spendthrift)-275(extravagance)-276(and)-275(insane)-276(luxury.)-327(Two)-275(generations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-347(the)-347(foundation)-346(of)-347(the)-347(Empire,)-371(the)-347(passion)-347(for)-346(profusion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-269(set)-269(in,)-273(which,)-273(according)-269(to)-269(Tacitus,)-273(raged)-269(unchecked)-269(till)-268(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accession)-259(of)-258(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.094 3.959 Td [(174)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.458 -3.959 Td [(Certainly,)-261(the)-258(man)-259(who)-258(would)-259(spend)]TJ -119.552 -13.549 Td [(\2433000)-316(on)-316(a)-315(myrrhine)-316(vase,)-332(\2434000)-316(on)-316(a)-316(table)-315(of)-316(citrus-wood,)-332(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(\24340,000)-326(on)-327(a)-326(richly)-326(wrought)-327(carpet)-326(from)-326(Babylon,)-346(had)-326(little)-326(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 81.071 Td [(173)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(33,)-250(aequitate)-250(deum)-250(erga)-250(bona)-250(malaque)-250(documenta.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.634 -7.311 Td [(174)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iii.)-250(55;)-250(cf.)-250(xvi.)-250(5.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 330 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 331 0 R /Resources 329 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 323 0 R >> endobj 332 0 obj << /D [330 0 R /XYZ 46.771 396.091 null] >> endobj 329 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 335 0 obj << /Length 6330 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(40)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(learn)-325(even)-324(from)-325(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.768 3.959 Td [(175)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.621 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-325(the)-324(example)-325(of)-324(an)-325(emperor)-324(must)]TJ -116.389 -13.549 Td [(always)-383(be)-383(potent)-383(for)-383(good)-383(or)-383(evil.)-649(We)-383(have)-383(the)-383(t)1(estimony)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)-253(and)-254(Claudian,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 86.443 3.959 Td [(176)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.227 -3.959 Td [(separated)-253(by)-254(an)-253(interval)-254(of)-253(three)-254(hundred)]TJ -101.67 -13.549 Td [(years,)-247(that)-245(the)-246(world)-246(readily)-246(conforms)-246(its)-245(life)-246(to)-246(that)-246(of)-246(one)-245(man,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(if)-410(that)-410(man)-410(is)-411(head)-410(of)-410(the)-410(State.)-730(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.744 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-410(youthful)-410(enthusiasm)]TJ -181.377 -13.549 Td [(for)-433(declamation)-432(gave)-433(an)-433(immense)-433(impulse)-432(to)-433(the)-433(passion)-432(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rhetoric.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.655 3.959 Td [(177)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.736 -3.959 Td [(His)-267(enthusiasm)-267(for)-267(acting)-267(and)-267(music)-267(spread)-267(through)]TJ -52.391 -13.549 Td [(all)-174(ranks,)-189(and)-174(the)-174(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 110.46 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-174(catches)-174(were)-174(sung)-174(at)-174(wayside)-174(inns.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 154.084 3.959 Td [(178)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(M.)-194(Aurelius)-193(made)-194(philosophy)-194(the)-194(mode,)-205(and)-193(the)-194(Stoic)-194(Emperor)-193(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(responsible)-251(for)-250(some)-251(of)-250(the)-251(philosophic)-250(imposture)-251(which)-250(moved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-392(withering)-393(scorn)-392(of)-393(Lucian.)-677(The)-393(Emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 204.813 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-392(favourite)-393(drug)]TJ -208.446 -13.549 Td [(grew)-206(so)-206(popular)-206(that)-206(the)-205(price)-206(of)-206(it)-206(became)-206(almost)-206(prohibitory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(179)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(If)-273(the)-274(model)-273(of)-274(Vespasian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.723 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-273(homely)-274(habits)-273(had)-274(such)-273(an)-273(effect)-274(in)]TJ -117.356 -13.549 Td [(reforming)-320(society,)-337(we)-320(may)-319(be)-320(sure)-320(that)-320(the)-319(evil)-320(example)-320(of)-319(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([32])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(spendthrift)-250(predecessors)-250(did)-250(at)-250(least)-250(as)-250(much)-250(to)-250(deprave)-250(it.)]TJ 11.955 -15.37 Td [(And)-527(what)-528(an)-527(example)-528(it)-527(was!)-1082(The)-528(extravagance)-527(of)-528(the)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(Claudian)-412(Caesars)-412(and)-412(the)-411(last)-412(Flavian)-412(has)-412(become)-412(a)-412(piece)-411(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(historic)-470(commonplace.)-911(Every)-470(one)-470(has)-470(heard)-470(of)-470(the)-470(unguent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(baths)-256(of)-255(Caligula,)-257(his)-256(draughts)-256(of)-255(melted)-256(pearls,)-257(his)-256(galleys)-255(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(jewel-studded)-200(sterns)-201(and)-200(gardens)-201(and)-200(orchards)-200(on)-201(their)-200(decks,)-210(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(viaduct)-348(connecting)-348(the)-348(Palatine)-348(with)-349(the)-348(Capitoline,)-372(his)-348(bridge)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-150(Bauli)-150(to)-150(Puteoli,)-171(and)-150(many)-150(another)-150(scheme)-150(of)-150(that)-150(wild)-150(brain,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-278(had)-278(in)-278(the)-278(end)-278(to)-278(be)-278(paid)-278(for)-278(in)-278(blood.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.668 3.959 Td [(180)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.097 -3.959 Td [(In)-278(a)-278(single)-278(year)]TJ -212.765 -13.549 Td [(Caligula)-334(scattered)-334(in)-334(reckless)-333(waste)-334(more)-334(than)-334(\24320,000,000.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(181)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Nero)-281(proclaimed)-281(that)-281(the)-280(only)-281(use)-281(of)-281(money)-281(was)-281(to)-281(squander)-280(it,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-354(treated)-354(any)-354(prudent)-354(calculation)-354(as)-354(meanness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.791 3.959 Td [(182)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.586 -3.959 Td [(In)-354(a)-354(brief)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.643 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 158.747 Td [(175)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(pp.)-250(80,)-250(81.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.935 -7.31 Td [(176)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.138 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.793 0 Td [(45;)-317(Claudian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.663 0 Td [(In)-295(Cons.)-384(Hon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.554 0 Td [(299,)-306(componitur)-295(orbis)-294(Regis)-295(ad)]TJ -166.104 -10.959 Td [(exemplum.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(177)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(De)-250(Clar.)-250(Rhet.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.542 0 Td [(c.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.674 -7.311 Td [(178)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-250(21;)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.571 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iv.)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -138.491 -7.31 Td [(179)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.935 -7.311 Td [(180)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(37;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.634 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(x.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -121.796 -7.31 Td [(181)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(37.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.547 -7.311 Td [(182)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(30.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 334 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 335 0 R /Resources 333 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 323 0 R >> endobj 336 0 obj << /D [334 0 R /XYZ 271.749 342.036 null] >> endobj 333 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 339 0 obj << /Length 6454 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(41)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(space)-244(he)-245(flung)-244(away)-244(nearly)-244(\24318,000,000.)-249(The)-244(Egyptian)-244(roses)-244(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-209(single)-208(banquet)-209(cost)-209(\24335,000.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 130.307 3.959 Td [(183)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.03 -3.959 Td [(He)-209(is)-208(said)-209(never)-209(to)-208(have)-209(made)-209(a)]TJ -145.337 -13.549 Td [(progress)-199(with)-199(less)-199(than)-199(a)-199(thousand)-199(carriages;)-216(his)-199(mules)-199(were)-198(shod)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-278(silver.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.396 3.958 Td [(184)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.094 -3.958 Td [(He)-278(would)-278(stake)-278(HS.400,000)-278(on)-277(a)-278(single)-278(throw)-278(of)]TJ -65.49 -13.55 Td [(the)-264(dice.)-293(The)-264(description)-265(of)-264(his)-264(Golden)-264(House)-264(is)-265(like)-264(a)-264(vision)-264(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lawless)-205(romance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.645 3.959 Td [(185)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.018 -3.959 Td [(The)-205(successors)-206(of)-205(Galba)-206(were)-205(equally)-205(lavish)]TJ -89.663 -13.549 Td [(during)-322(their)-322(brief)-323(term.)-466(Otho,)-341(another)-322(Nero,)-340(probably)-322(regarded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death)-257(in)-257(battle)-257(as)-256(a)-257(relief)-257(from)-257(bankruptcy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 185.933 3.959 Td [(186)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.404 -3.959 Td [(Within)-257(a)-257(very)-257(few)]TJ -201.337 -13.549 Td [(months,)-210(Vitellius)-200(had)-200(flung)-200(away)-200(more)-200(than)-200(\2437,000,000)-200(in)-199(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(luxury.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.211 3.959 Td [(187)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.155 -3.959 Td [(Vespasian)-243(found)-243(the)-243(exhaustion)-243(of)-242(the)-243(public)-243(treasury)]TJ -46.366 -13.549 Td [(so)-380(portentous)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.901 3.959 Td [(188)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.597 -3.959 Td [(that)-380(he)-380(had)-380(to)-380(resort)-379(to)-380(unpopular)-380(economies)]TJ -76.498 -13.549 Td [(and)-208(taxation)-209(on)-208(a)-208(great)-209(scale.)-236(Under)-208(Domitian,)-217(the)-208(spectacles)-208(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(largesses)-334(lavished)-334(on)-334(the)-334(mob)-334(undid)-334(all)-334(the)-334(scrupulous)-333(finance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-294(his)-294(father,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.396 3.958 Td [(189)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.778 -3.958 Td [(and)-294(Nerva)-294(had)-293(to)-294(liquidate)-294(the)-294(ruinous)-294(heritage)]TJ -72.174 -13.55 Td [(by)-407(wholesale)-407(retrenchment,)-446(and)-407(the)-407(sale)-407(even)-407(of)-407(the)-407(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(furniture)-247(and)-248(plate,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.257 3.959 Td [(190)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.158 -3.959 Td [(as)-247(M.)-248(Aurelius)-247(brought)-248(to)-247(the)-248(hammer)-247(his)]TJ -98.415 -13.549 Td [(household)-377(treasures,)-409(and)-377(even)-377(the)-377(wardrobe)-377(and)-377(jewels)-377(of)-377(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(empress,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(stress)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Marcomannic)-250(war.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.713 3.959 Td [(191)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -193.757 -22.523 Td [(But)-194(the)-193(great)-194(imperial)-193(spendthrifts)-194(resorted)-194(to)-193(more)-194(simple)-193(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([33])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(primitive)-351(methods)-352(of)-351(replenishing)-351(their)-352(coffers.)-553(Self-indulgent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(waste)-290(is)-290(often)-290(seen)-290(linked)-290(with)-290(meanness)-290(and)-290(hard)-290(cruelty.)-369(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(epigram)-184(of)-185(Suetonius)-184(on)-184(Domitian,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 152.921 0 Td [(inopia)-184(rapax,)-198(metu)-184(saevus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 112.529 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(192)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(sums)-213(up)-213(the)-213(sordid)-213(history)-212(of)-213(the)-213(tyranny.)-238(The)-213(cool)-213(biographer)-212(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 198.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 192.029 Td [(183)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(184)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(30.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.394 Td [(185)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(31;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.089 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.675 -7.311 Td [(186)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.842 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-269(5,)-270(nihilque)-265(referre,)-270(ab)-265(hoste)-266(in)-265(acie,)-269(an)-266(in)-265(foro)-266(sub)-265(creditoribus)]TJ -50.729 -10.958 Td [(caderet.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(187)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(c.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.571 -7.311 Td [(188)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(16;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(66.)-250(2,)-250(8,)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.572 -7.31 Td [(189)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(67.)-250(5;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 75.47 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -109.09 -7.311 Td [(190)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(68.)-250(2,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 54.793 0 Td [(\303\305\303\304\255\273\273\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.272 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.366 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\314\275)-250(\304\265)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.971 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\264\261\300\261\275\256\274\261\304\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.863 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -206.832 -7.311 Td [(191)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.341 0 Td [(M.)-378(Aurel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.66 0 Td [(c.)-635(17,)-410(in)-379(foro)-378(divi)-378(Trajani)-379(auctionem)-378(ornamentorum)]TJ -84.956 -10.958 Td [(imperialium)-250(fecit)-250(vendiditque)-250(aurea)-250(pocula)-250(et)-250(cristallina,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(192)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(iii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 338 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 339 0 R /Resources 337 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 323 0 R >> endobj 340 0 obj << /D [338 0 R /XYZ 280.442 269.275 null] >> endobj 337 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 343 0 obj << /Length 6252 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(42)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Caligula,)-338(Nero,)-338(and)-320(Domitian,)-338(when)-320(in)-321(his)-320(methodical)-320(fashion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-210(has)-211(recorded)-210(their)-210(financial)-211(difficulties,)-218(immediately)-210(proceeds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-480(describe)-480(the)-480(unblushing)-480(rapine)-480(or)-480(ingenious)-480(chicanery)-479(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-251(the)-251(needy)-251(tyrants)-250(annexed)-251(a)-251(coveted)-251(estate.)-253(The)-250(emperors)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(now)-257(generally)-258(protected)-257(the)-257(provinces)-257(from)-258(plunder,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.817 3.959 Td [(193)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.279 -3.959 Td [(but)-257(they)]TJ -245.096 -13.549 Td [(applied)-306(all)-306(the)-306(Verrine)-306(methods)-306(to)-306(their)-306(own)-306(nobles.)-418(It)-306(was)-305(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hard)-233(with)-233(the)-233(help)-232(of)-233(the)-233(sleuth)-233(hounds)-233(who)-233(always)-233(gather)-232(round)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-332(despot,)-353(to)-332(find)-332(plausible)-331(grounds)-332(of)-332(accusation.)-496(The)-332(vague)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(law)-324(of)-323(majesty,)-343(originally)-323(intended)-324(to)-324(guard)-323(the)-324(security)-324(of)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(commonwealth,)-235(was)-232(now)-232(used)-231(to)-232(throw)-232(its)-231(protection)-232(around)-231(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sacrosanct)-242(prince)-241(in)-242(whom)-241(all)-241(the)-242(highest)-241(powers)-242(of)-241(government)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-389(concentrated.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.904 3.959 Td [(194)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.737 -3.959 Td [(The)-389(slightest)-389(suspicion)-390(of)-389(disloyalty)-389(or)]TJ -103.641 -13.549 Td [(discontent,)-262(the)-259(most)-260(insignificant)-259(act)-259(or)-260(word,)-262(which)-259(a)-259(depraved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ingenuity)-335(could)-335(misinterpret,)-356(was)-334(worked)-335(up)-335(into)-335(a)-334(formidable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(indictment)-276(by)-277(men)-276(eager)-276(for)-276(their)-277(share)-276(of)-276(the)-276(plunder.)-329(To)-276(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(written)-412(the)-413(memoir)-412(of)-413(a)-412(Stoic)-413(saint)-412(or)-413(kept)-412(the)-413(birthday)-412(of)-412(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dead)-275(emperor,)-282(to)-275(possess)-276(an)-275(imperial)-276(horoscope)-275(or)-275(a)-276(map)-275(of)-275(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world,)-223(to)-217(call)-217(a)-216(slave)-217(by)-217(the)-216(name)-217(of)-217(Hannibal)-216(or)-217(a)-217(dish)-216(by)-217(that)-216(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucullus,)-243(might)-242(become)-242(a)-242(fatal)-242(charge.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.536 3.958 Td [(195)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.151 -3.958 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Ungrateful)-242(testators)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.256 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.55 Td [(who)-374(had)-375(failed)-374(to)-374(remember)-375(the)-374(emperor)-374(in)-375(their)-374(wills)-374(had)-374(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pay)-417(heavily)-417(for)-417(the)-417(indiscreet)-417(omission.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.21 3.959 Td [(196)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.646 -3.959 Td [(The)-417(materials)-417(for)]TJ -201.856 -13.549 Td [(such)-312(accusations)-312(were)-312(easily)-311(obtained)-312(in)-312(the)-312(Rome)-312(of)-312(the)-311(early)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Caesars.)-234(Life)-202(was)-202(eminently)-202(sociable.)-234(A)-202(great)-202(part)-202(of)-202(the)-202(day)-202(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spent)-262(at)-262(morning)-262(receptions,)-265(in)-262(the)-262(Forum,)-265(the)-262(Campus)-262(Martius,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-353(barber)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.044 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-353(or)-353(bookseller)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.479 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-353(shops,)-379(or)-353(in)-353(the)-353(colonnades)-353(where)]TJ -118.788 -13.549 Td [(crowds)-206(of)-207(fashionable)-206(idlers)-206(gathered)-207(to)-206(relieve)-206(the)-207(tedium)-206(of)-206(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-296(gossip)-296(and)-295(repartee.)-388(It)-296(was)-296(a)-295(city,)-308(says)-295(Tacitus,)-308(which)-295(knew)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(everything)-451(and)-451(talked)-451(of)-451(everything.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.23 3.959 Td [(197)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.762 -3.959 Td [(Never)-451(was)-451(curiosity)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.431 Td [(193)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(v.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(viii.;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.812 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(170.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -206.994 -7.311 Td [(194)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.562 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.808 0 Td [(i.)-544(72;)-397(ii.)-545(50;)-397(xiv.)-544(48.)-545(For)-348(a)-348(clear)-348(account)-348(of)-348(this)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 187.327 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.344 0 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -248.997 -10.959 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.924 0 Td [(p.)-250(165.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -27.646 -7.394 Td [(195)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.4 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.572 0 Td [(x.;)-527(cf.)-805(xii.)-805(satis)-435(erat)-435(obici)-435(qualecunque)-435(factum)-435(dictumve)]TJ -60.928 -10.959 Td [(adversus)-250(majestatem)-250(principis.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(196)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(197)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.41 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.091 0 Td [(xi.)-304(27;)-277(xiii.)-305(6,)-272(in)-269(urbe)-268(sermonum)-268(avida;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 144.367 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.593 0 Td [(ii.)-304(91;)-277(Mart.)-305(v.)-304(20;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 342 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 343 0 R /Resources 341 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 323 0 R >> endobj 344 0 obj << /D [342 0 R /XYZ 239.017 132.622 null] >> endobj 341 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 347 0 obj << /Length 5796 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(43)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(more)-402(eager)-403(or)-402(gossip)-402(more)-403(reckless.)-707(Men)-402(were)-402(almost)-402(ready)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-370(risk)-370(their)-370(lives)-371(for)-370(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 107.247 0 Td [(bon)-370(mot)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.765 0 Td [(.)-610(And)-371(in)-370(the)-370(reign)-370(of)-370(Nero)-370(or)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.012 0 Td [([34])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Domitian,)-192(the)-179(risk)-178(was)-178(a)-178(very)-178(real)-178(one.)-226(The)-178(imperial)-178(espionage,)-192(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-285(Maecenas)-285(in)-285(Dion)-284(Cassius)-285(recognised)-285(at)-285(once)-285(the)-284(danger)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-380(the)-379(necessity,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.086 3.959 Td [(198)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.948 -3.959 Td [(was)-380(an)-379(organised)-380(system)-379(even)-380(under)-380(the)]TJ -97.034 -13.549 Td [(most)-251(blameless)-251(emperors)-250(It)-251(can)-251(be)-251(traced)-250(in)-251(the)-251(reigns)-251(of)-250(Nerva,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hadrian,)-225(and)-218(Antoninus)-218(Pius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.808 3.959 Td [(199)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.064 -3.959 Td [(But)-218(under)-218(the)-218(tyrants,)-225(voluntary)]TJ -142.872 -13.549 Td [(informers)-432(sprang)-433(up)-432(in)-433(every)-432(class.)-797(Among)-433(the)-432(hundreds)-432(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slaves)-362(attached)-362(to)-362(a)-361(great)-362(household,)-390(there)-362(were)-362(in)-362(such)-361(times)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sure)-305(to)-305(be)-305(spies,)-319(attracted)-305(by)-306(the)-305(lure)-305(of)-305(freedom)-305(and)-305(a)-305(fortune,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-395(might)-395(report)-395(and)-395(distort)-395(what)-395(they)-395(had)-395(observed)-395(in)-394(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-309(unguarded)-309(hours.)-427(Men)-309(came)-309(to)-309(dread)-309(possible)-309(traitors)]TJ -32.717 -13.549 Td [(even)-318(among)-319(their)-318(nearest)-319(of)-318(kin,)-336(among)-318(their)-319(closest)-318(friends)-318(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-269(highest)-269(rank.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.826 3.958 Td [(200)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.796 -3.958 Td [(Who)-269(can)-269(forget)-268(the)-269(ignominy)-269(of)-269(those)-269(three)]TJ -88.622 -13.55 Td [(Senators,)-360(one)-338(of)-338(them)-337(bearing)-338(the)-338(historic)-338(name)-338(of)-338(Cato,)-359(who,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-263(win)-262(the)-262(consulship)-263(from)-262(Sejanus,)-266(hid)-263(themselves)-262(between)-262(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ceiling)-362(and)-362(the)-362(roof,)-389(and)-362(caught,)-390(through)-362(chinks)-362(and)-361(crannies,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(words)-279(artfully)-278(drawn)-279(from)-278(the)-279(victim)-278(by)-279(another)-278(member)-278(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(noble)-313(gang?)-436(The)-313(seventh)-312(book)-312(of)-312(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 186.76 0 Td [(Life)-312(of)-313(Apollonius)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 82.961 0 Td [(by)]TJ -269.721 -13.55 Td [(Philostratus)-223(is)-223(a)-223(revelation)-222(of)-223(the)-223(mingled)-223(caution)-223(and)-222(truculence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-248(the)-248(methods)-249(of)-248(Domitian.)-249(Here)-248(at)-249(least)-248(we)-248(have)-248(left)-248(the)-248(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-196(romance)-196(behind)-196(and)-196(are)-195(on)-196(solid)-196(ground.)-232(We)-196(feel)-196(around)-196(us,)-206(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-287(read,)-296(the)-287(hundred)-287(eyes)-287(of)-287(an)-287(omnipresent)-287(tyranny.)-361(We)-287(meet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-263(the)-263(prison)-263(the)-264(magistrate)-263(of)-263(Tarentum)-263(who)-263(had)-263(been)-263(guilty)-263(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-317(dangerous)-317(omission)-317(in)-316(the)-317(public)-317(prayers,)-334(and)-317(an)-316(Acarnanian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-221(had)-221(been)-220(guilty)-221(of)-221(settling)-221(in)-221(one)-220(of)-221(the)-221(Echinades.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.118 3.959 Td [(201)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.075 -3.959 Td [(A)-221(spy)]TJ -255.193 -13.549 Td [(glides)-241(into)-240(the)-241(cells,)-243(to)-241(listen)-240(to)-241(the)-241(prisoners)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 194.058 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.259 0 Td [(talk,)-243(and)-240(is)-241(merely)]TJ -200.317 -13.549 Td [(regaled)-295(by)-295(Apollonius)-295(with)-295(a)-295(description)-295(of)-295(the)-295(wonders)-295(he)-295(has)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 130.493 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 121.579 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(280.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.979 -7.31 Td [(198)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(52.)-250(37.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(199)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart)-346(x.)-540(48,)-370(21;)-395(cf.)-539(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 104.17 0 Td [(Chronologie)-346(der)-347(Epigr.)-539(Mart.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 114.283 0 Td [(p.)-539(62;)-395(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -230.408 -10.959 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(285;)-250(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.537 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iv.)-250(13,)-250(21,)-250(5;)-250(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 76.968 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(ix.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -214.45 -7.31 Td [(200)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.311 Td [(201)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(vii.)-250(24.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 346 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 347 0 R /Resources 345 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 349 0 R >> endobj 348 0 obj << /D [346 0 R /XYZ 252.887 504.626 null] >> endobj 345 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 352 0 obj << /Length 5399 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(44)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(seen)-420(in)-419(his)-420(wanderings.)-759(When)-419(we)-420(are)-420(admitted)-419(to)-420(the)-419(secret)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tribunal)-280(on)-280(the)-281(Palatine,)-287(after)-281(Domitian)-280(has)-280(paid)-280(his)-280(devotion)-280(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Athene,)-229(we)-224(have)-224(before)-224(us)-224(a)-224(cruel,)-229(stealthy)-224(despot,)-229(as)-224(timid)-224(as)-223(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-240(brutally)-241(truculent.)-246(In)-241(spite)-240(of)-240(all)-241(scepticism)-240(about)-240(Philostratus,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-250(are)-250(there)-250(at)-250(the)-250(heart)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Terror.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(Compared)-445(with)-444(this)-445(base)-444(espionage,)-493(even)-445(the)-444(trade)-445(of)-444(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(delator)-306(becomes)-307(almost)-306(respectable.)-419(Like)-306(everything)-306(in)-306(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-481(organisation,)-539(delation)-482(had)-481(a)-481(long)-482(history,)-539(too)-481(long)-481(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([35])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(be)-634(developed)-635(within)-634(the)-635(space)-634(of)-634(this)-635(work.)-1403(The)-634(work)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-511(impeachment,)-577(which)-512(might)-511(be)-512(wholesome)-511(and)-511(necessary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-449(the)-449(Republic,)-499(in)-450(exposing)-449(the)-449(enormities)-449(of)-449(provincial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(government,)-538(became)-480(the)-481(curse)-480(of)-480(the)-481(Empire.)-941(The)-480(laws)-480(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Augustus)-445(for)-445(the)-445(restoration)-445(of)-445(social)-445(morality)-445(gave)-445(the)-445(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chance)-376(to)-375(the)-376(professional)-375(delator.)-627(The)-375(jealous,)-407(secretive)-375(rule)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-271(Tiberius)-270(welcomed)-270(such)-271(sinister)-270(support,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.004 3.959 Td [(202)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.46 -3.959 Td [(and)-270(although)-271(the)]TJ -207.464 -13.549 Td [(dark,)-476(tortuous)-431(policy)-431(of)-430(the)-431(recluse)-431(of)-431(Capreae)-431(might)-430(punish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(excess)-316(of)-316(zeal)-317(in)-316(the)-317(informers,)-333(it)-317(was)-316(also)-316(ready)-317(to)-316(reward)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-298(for)-299(opportune)-298(displays)-298(of)-299(energy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.307 3.959 Td [(203)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.763 -3.959 Td [(The)-298(open)-299(and)-298(daring)]TJ -189.07 -13.549 Td [(tyranny)-229(of)-229(Caligula)-229(and)-229(Nero)-229(often)-229(dispensed)-229(with)-229(the)-229(hypocrisy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-369(judicial)-368(forms)-369(of)-369(assassination.)-605(It)-369(was)-369(reserved)-368(for)-369(the)-368(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Flavian)-339(to)-338(revive)-339(the)-338(methods)-339(of)-338(Tiberius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.111 3.959 Td [(204)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.078 -3.959 Td [(Domitian)-339(was)-338(at)]TJ -207.189 -13.549 Td [(once)-264(timid)-263(and)-264(cruel.)-290(He)-263(was)-264(also)-263(a)-264(pedant)-263(who)-264(concealed)-263(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-377(his)-377(own)-377(baseness)-377(by)-377(a)-377(scrupulous)-377(devotion)-377(to)-377(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forms)-386(even)-387(in)-386(religion.)-659(The)-387(obscene)-386(libertine,)-421(who)-386(chose)-386(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Virgin)-247(Goddess)-247(as)-247(his)-248(patroness,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.588 3.959 Td [(205)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.156 -3.959 Td [(could)-247(easily)-247(make)-247(the)-248(forms)]TJ -157.744 -13.549 Td [(of)-455(old)-454(Roman)-455(justice)-454(a)-454(cloak)-455(for)-454(confiscation)-455(and)-454(massacre.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-463(theory)-463(the)-462(voluntary)-463(accuser,)-516(without)-463(a)-463(commission)-462(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(authority,)-405(was)-374(a)-374(discredited)-374(person.)-622(And)-374(successive)-373(emperors)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.27 Td [(202)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.663 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.841 0 Td [(i.)-556(72,)-377(74,)-377(Crispinus)-352(formam)-352(vitae)-352(iniit)-352(quam)-351(postea)-352(celebrem)]TJ -52.46 -10.959 Td [(miseriae)-331(temporum)-330(et)-331(audaciae)-330(hominum)-331(fecerunt,)-350(etc.;)-371(cf.)-492(iii.)-492(25;)-370(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 270.175 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(iii.)-250(26;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.087 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.445 0 Td [(lxi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -80.709 -7.31 Td [(203)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.311 Td [(204)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.015 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.444 0 Td [(xx.)-427(praeter)-309(commentarios)-309(et)-309(acta)-310(Tiberii)-309(nihil)-309(lectitabat;)-338(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -56.414 -10.959 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.393 0 Td [(42,)-250(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -27.144 -7.394 Td [(205)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 351 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 352 0 R /Resources 350 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 349 0 R >> endobj 353 0 obj << /D [351 0 R /XYZ 341.039 423.331 null] >> endobj 350 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 356 0 obj << /Length 5492 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(45)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(punished)-377(or)-377(frowned)-377(upon)-377(the)-377(delators)-377(of)-377(a)-377(previous)-377(reign.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(206)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Yet)-463(the)-462(profession)-463(grew)-462(in)-463(reputation)-463(and)-462(emolument.)-888(It)-462(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-378(melancholy)-379(proof)-378(of)-379(the)-378(degradation)-379(of)-378(that)-379(society)-378(that)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(delator)-241(could)-240(be)-241(proud)-241(of)-240(his)-241(craft)-241(and)-240(even)-241(envied)-241(and)-240(admired.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Men)-413(of)-412(every)-413(degree,)-453(freedmen,)-453(schoolmasters,)-453(petty)-412(traders,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(descendants)-240(of)-241(houses)-240(as)-240(old)-241(as)-240(the)-240(Republic,)-243(men)-240(from)-240(the)-240(rank)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-253(the)-252(shoemaker)-253(Vatinius)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.917 3.959 Td [(207)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.21 -3.959 Td [(to)-253(a)-252(Scaurus,)-254(a)-252(Cato,)-254(or)-252(a)-253(Regulus,)]TJ -130.127 -13.549 Td [(flocked)-324(to)-324(a)-324(trade)-324(which)-324(might)-324(earn)-324(a)-324(fabulous)-324(fortune)-324(and)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(favour)-319(of)-319(the)-320(prince.)-457(There)-319(must)-320(have)-319(been)-319(many)-319(a)-319(career)-319(like)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-307(of)-307(Palfurius)-308(Sura,)-321(who)-307(had)-307(fought)-308(in)-307(the)-307(arena)-307(in)-307(the)-307(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-367(Nero,)-397(who)-367(had)-368(been)-367(disgraced)-367(and)-368(stripped)-367(of)-367(his)-367(consular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rank)-329(under)-329(Vespasian,)-349(who)-329(then)-329(turned)-329(Stoic)-329(and)-328(preached)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gospel)-391(of)-391(popular)-391(government,)-426(and,)-426(in)-391(the)-391(reign)-391(of)-390(Domitian,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([36])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(crowned)-413(his)-413(career)-413(by)-413(becoming)-413(a)-413(delator,)-454(and)-413(att)1(empting)-413(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(found)-250(a)-250(juristic)-250(theory)-250(of)-250(absolute)-250(monarchy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.636 3.959 Td [(208)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -184.68 -21.007 Td [(The)-559(system)-560(of)-559(Roman)-559(education,)-637(which)-559(was)-559(profoundly)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(rhetorical,)-328(became)-313(a)-312(hot-bed)-312(of)-313(this)-312(venal)-313(oratory.)-437(It)-312(nourished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-356(pupils)-357(on)-356(the)-357(masterpieces)-356(of)-357(free)-356(speech;)-410(it)-356(inflamed)-356(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imaginations)-217(with)-216(dreams)-217(of)-217(rhetorical)-216(triumph.)-239(When)-217(they)-216(went)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forth)-253(into)-253(the)-252(world)-253(of)-253(the)-253(Empire,)-253(they)-253(found)-253(the)-253(only)-253(arena)-252(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(displaying)-342(their)-342(powers)-342(to)-342(be)-342(the)-342(dull)-342(court)-342(of)-342(the)-342(Centumviri,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-280(the)-280(hired)-281(lecture)-280(hall,)-287(where)-281(they)-280(might)-280(dilate)-280(on)-280(some)-280(frigid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-484(silly)-485(theme)-484(before)-485(a)-484(weary)-485(audience.)-953(It)-485(was)-484(a)-484(tempting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(excitement)-304(to)-303(exert)-304(the)-303(arts)-304(learnt)-303(in)-303(the)-304(school)-303(of)-304(Quintilian)-303(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-399(real)-399(onslaught,)-436(where)-399(the)-399(life)-399(or)-399(liberty)-399(of)-399(the)-399(accused)-398(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-319(stake.)-457(And)-320(the)-319(greatest)-319(orators)-319(of)-319(the)-319(past)-319(had)-319(never)-319(offered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-443(them)-442(such)-443(a)-443(splendid)-443(material)-442(reward.)-828(One)-443(fourth)-443(of)-442(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(estate)-334(of)-334(the)-334(condemned)-334(man)-334(had)-334(been)-334(the)-334(old)-334(legal)-334(fee)-334(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(accuser.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 35.433 3.959 Td [(209)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.549 -3.959 Td [(But)-445(this)-444(limit)-445(was)-444(left)-445(far)-444(behind)-445(in)-445(the)-444(judicial)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.269 Td [(206)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.338 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.568 0 Td [(ii.)-296(10;)-273(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.142 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.53 0 Td [(35;)-273(D.)-265(Cass.)-297(68.)-296(1;)-273(Jul.)-296(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 116.79 0 Td [(Ant.)-296(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.452 0 Td [(c.)-296(7;)]TJ -264.775 -10.959 Td [(id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.358 0 Td [(c.)-250(11;)-250(Meriv.)-250(vii.)-250(370.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.568 -7.311 Td [(207)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(34;)-250(iii.)-250(66;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.812 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(iv.)-250(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -120.8 -7.31 Td [(208)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Schol.)-250(ad)-250(Juv.)-250(iv.)-250(53;)-250(Duruy,)-250(iv.)-250(660.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(209)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(20.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 355 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 356 0 R /Resources 354 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 349 0 R >> endobj 357 0 obj << /D [355 0 R /XYZ 130.462 355.585 null] >> endobj 354 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 360 0 obj << /Length 6004 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(46)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(plunder)-369(of)-368(the)-369(early)-369(Caesars.)-605(Probably)-369(in)-369(no)-368(other)-369(way)-368(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-364(man)-364(then)-364(so)-364(easily)-363(make)-364(himself)-364(a)-364(millionaire.)-592(The)-363(leading)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accusers)-340(of)-340(Thrasea)-340(and)-340(Soranus)-340(in)-340(the)-340(reign)-340(of)-340(Nero)-339(received)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(each)-196(\24342,000)-196(as)-196(their)-197(reward.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 126.094 3.958 Td [(210)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.985 -3.958 Td [(These)-196(notorious)-196(delators,)-207(Eprius)]TJ -141.079 -13.55 Td [(Marcellus)-373(and)-373(Vibius)-373(Crispus,)-404(accumulated)-373(gains)-373(reaching,)-403(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-357(end,)-383(the)-357(enormous)-357(amount)-356(of)-357(\2432,400,000.)-570(The)-357(famous,)-383(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infamous,)-414(Regulus,)-413(after)-381(the)-381(most)-380(prodigal)-381(expenditure,)-414(left)-380(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortune)-308(of)-308(half)-308(a)-308(million.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 110.094 3.959 Td [(211)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.079 -3.959 Td [(His)-308(career)-308(is)-308(a)-308(striking)-308(example)-308(of)]TJ -127.173 -13.549 Td [(the)-253(arts)-253(by)-252(which,)-254(in)-252(a)-253(debased)-253(society,)-253(men)-253(may)-253(rise)-253(to)-252(fortune,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-278(the)-279(readiness)-278(with)-279(which)-278(such)-279(a)-278(society)-279(will)-278(always)-278(forgive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anything)-492(to)-492(daring)-492(and)-492(success.)-976(Sprung)-492(from)-492(an)-492(illustrious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-385(ruined)-384(race,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.097 3.959 Td [(212)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.016 -3.959 Td [(Regulus)-385(possessed)-384(shameless)-385(audacity)-384(and)]TJ -88.113 -13.549 Td [(ruthless)-345(ambition,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.218 3.959 Td [(213)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.471 -3.959 Td [(which)-345(were)-344(more)-345(valuable)-345(than)-344(birth)-345(and)]TJ -95.689 -13.549 Td [(fortune.)-249(He)-249(had)-248(every)-249(physical)-248(defect)-248(for)-249(a)-248(speaker,)-249(yet)-248(he)-248(made)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(himself)-179(an)-180(orator,)-193(with)-180(a)-179(weird)-179(power)-180(of)-179(strangling)-180(his)-179(victims.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(214)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(He)-286(was)-287(poor,)-295(but)-286(he)-286(resolved)-287(to)-286(be)-286(wealthy,)-296(and)-286(he)-286(reached)-286(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortune)-295(which)-296(he)-295(proposed)-295(to)-296(himself)-295(as)-295(his)-296(goal.)-386(He)-295(was)-295(vain,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cruel,)-268(and)-265(insolent,)-268(a)-264(slave)-264(of)-265(superstition,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.941 3.959 Td [(215)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.378 -3.959 Td [(stained)-264(with)-265(many)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -273.075 0 Td [([37])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(a)-407(perfidious)-408(crime.)-722(He)-407(was)-407(a)-408(peculiarly)-407(skilful)-407(and)-407(perfectly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shameless)-221(adept)-220(in)-221(the)-221(arts)-220(of)-221(captation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.685 3.958 Td [(216)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 -3.958 Td [(Yet)-221(this)-220(cynical)-221(agent)]TJ -186.759 -13.55 Td [(of)-352(judicial)-352(murder,)-378(who)-351(began)-352(his)-352(career)-352(in)-352(the)-352(reign)-352(of)-352(Nero,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lived)-320(on)-320(in)-320(peace)-320(and)-320(wealth)-320(into)-320(the)-320(reign)-320(of)-320(Trajan.)-460(He)-320(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enjoyed)-334(a)-334(certain)-333(consideration)-334(in)-334(society.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.17 3.959 Td [(217)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.923 -3.959 Td [(The)-334(humane)-334(and)]TJ -206.093 -13.549 Td [(refined)-336(Pliny)-337(at)-336(once)-337(detested)-336(and)-336(tolerated)-337(him.)-509(The)-336(morning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(receptions)-293(of)-293(Regulus,)-303(in)-293(his)-293(distant)-293(gardens)-293(on)-293(the)-293(Tiber,)-303(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(thronged)-250(by)-250(a)-250(fashionable)-250(crowd.)]TJ 11.955 -14.26 Td [(The)-317(inner)-318(secret)-317(of)-318(the)-317(imperial)-317(Terror)-318(will)-317(probably)-318(always)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.685 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 147.872 Td [(210)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(33;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 63.518 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(186.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -115.071 -7.311 Td [(211)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(ii.)-250(20,)-250(13;)-250(iv.)-250(2;)-250(cf.)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 86.669 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iv.)-250(42;)-250(Mart.)-250(vii.)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -151.187 -7.31 Td [(212)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.874 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(193.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -73.476 -7.311 Td [(213)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(ii.)-250(11,)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.31 Td [(214)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(7;)-250(i.)-250(20,)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(215)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(11,)-250(22;)-250(ii.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(216)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(ii.)-250(20,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(217)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 359 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 360 0 R /Resources 358 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 349 0 R >> endobj 361 0 obj << /D [359 0 R /XYZ 293.862 287.839 null] >> endobj 358 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 364 0 obj << /Length 5211 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(47)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(perplex)-292(the)-293(historian.)-377(The)-292(solution)-292(of)-293(the)-292(question)-293(depends,)-302(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-294(on)-293(the)-293(value)-294(which)-293(is)-294(to)-293(be)-294(attached)-293(to)-294(our)-293(authorities,)-304(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-291(the)-291(prepossessions)-291(and)-290(prejudices)-291(which)-291(are)-291(brought)-291(to)-290(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interpretation.)-274(To)-257(one)-258(critic)-258(Tacitus,)-260(although)-258(liable)-258(to)-258(the)-257(faults)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-370(spring)-370(from)-370(rhetorical)-370(training)-370(and)-370(fervid)-370(temperament,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-167(fairly)-167(impartial)-168(and)-167(trustworthy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.762 3.959 Td [(218)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.88 -3.959 Td [(Another)-167(treats)-167(the)-168(great)]TJ -180.642 -13.549 Td [(historian)-229(as)-229(essentially)-229(a)-229(partisan)-229(who)-229(derived)-229(his)-229(materials)-229(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-303(memoirs)-303(and)-304(traditions)-303(of)-303(a)-303(class)-303(inflamed)-303(with)-303(reactionary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dreams)-221(and)-220(saturated)-221(with)-221(a)-221(hatred)-220(of)-221(monarchy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.436 3.958 Td [(219)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 -3.958 Td [(Some)-221(regard)]TJ -225.51 -13.55 Td [(the)-468(tragedy)-469(of)-468(the)-468(early)-468(Empire)-469(as)-468(the)-468(result)-469(of)-468(a)-468(real)-468(peril)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-350(a)-351(senatorial)-350(conspiracy)-350(which)-351(perpetually)-350(surrounded)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor.)-347(Others)-282(trace)-283(it)-282(to)-283(the)-282(diseased)-282(brains)-283(of)-282(princes,)-290(giddy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-377(the)-376(sense)-377(of)-377(omnipotence,)-408(and)-377(often)-376(unstrung)-377(by)-376(vicious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(excesses,)-497(natures)-447(at)-447(once)-447(timorous)-448(and)-447(arrogant,)-496(anticipating)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(danger)-329(by)-328(a)-329(maniacal)-329(cruelty)-328(which)-329(ended)-329(in)-328(creating)-329(the)-328(peril)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-399(they)-399(feared.)-698(Is)-399(it)-399(not)-399(possible)-400(that)-399(there)-399(may)-399(be)-399(truth)-399(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(both)-269(theories?)-308(It)-269(may)-269(be)-269(admitted)-269(that)-269(there)-269(probably)-269(was)-269(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-382(powerful)-382(opposition,)-415(with)-382(a)-382(definitely)-382(conceived)-382(purpose)-382(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(overthrowing)-347(the)-346(imperial)-347(system,)-371(as)-347(it)-346(had)-347(been)-347(organised)-346(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Augustus,)-330(and)-314(of)-314(restoring)-314(the)-314(republican)-314(rule)-314(of)-314(the)-314(Senate.)-442(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-275(be)-275(admitted)-276(that,)-281(while)-275(so)-275(many)-276(of)-275(the)-275(first)-275(twelve)-275(Caesars)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(died)-280(a)-280(violent)-280(death,)-287(the)-280(violence)-280(was)-279(used)-280(to)-280(rid)-280(the)-280(world)-280(of)-279(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monster,)-322(and)-307(not)-307(to)-307(remodel)-308(a)-307(constitution;)-336(it)-307(was)-307(the)-307(emperor,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-368(the)-369(Empire,)-398(that)-368(was)-368(hated.)-605(Yet)-369(these)-368(admissions)-368(need)-368(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-347(qualified)-347(by)-346(some)-347(reservations.)-540(The)-347(effect)-347(of)-347(the)-346(rhetorical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-229(of)-229(Roman)-230(education)-229(in)-229(moulding)-229(the)-229(temper)-229(and)-229(ideals)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-194(the)-194(upper)-195(classes,)-205(down)-194(to)-194(the)-195(very)-194(end)-194(of)-194(the)-194(Western)-194(Empire,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([38])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(has)-377(hardly)-377(yet)-377(been)-377(fully)-377(recognised.)-631(It)-377(petrified)-377(literature)-376(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-264(slavish)-265(imitation)-264(of)-264(unapproachable)-265(models.)-293(It)-264(also)-264(glorified)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(great)-265(ages)-266(of)-265(freedom)-266(and)-265(republican)-266(government;)-273(it)-265(exalted)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Harmodius)-440(and)-440(Aristogeiton,)-487(Brutus)-440(and)-440(Cassius,)-488(to)-440(a)-439(moral)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 92.03 Td [(218)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(E.g.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.155 0 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.461 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.392 0 Td [(p.)-407(296;)-328(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.755 0 Td [(Gesch.)-407(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.712 0 Td [(ii.)-407(p.)-407(65:)-354(Teuffel,)-316(\247)-302(328,)]TJ -190.402 -10.959 Td [(15;)-250(Mackail,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.567 0 Td [(Lat.)-250(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.898 0 Td [(p.)-250(215.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.215 -7.311 Td [(219)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Schiller,)-250(i.)-250(pp.)-250(140,)-250(586;)-250(Meriv.)-250(viii.)-250(89)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 363 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 364 0 R /Resources 362 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 349 0 R >> endobj 365 0 obj << /D [363 0 R /XYZ 227.435 165.896 null] >> endobj 362 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 368 0 obj << /Length 5645 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(48)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(height)-373(which)-372(might)-373(suggest)-372(to)-373(generous)-372(youth)-373(the)-372(duty)-373(or)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glory)-336(of)-337(imitating)-336(them.)-509(When)-337(a)-336(rhetor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 176.913 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-336(class,)-358(in)-337(the)-336(reign)-336(of)]TJ -180.545 -13.549 Td [(Caligula)-282(or)-281(of)-282(Nero,)-289(applauded)-282(the)-281(fall)-282(of)-281(a)-282(historic)-281(despot,)-290(is)-281(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-177(possible)-177(that)-177(some)-178(may)-177(have)-177(applied)-177(the)-177(lesson)-177(to)-177(the)-177(reigning)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(emperor?)-350(Although)-283(it)-283(is)-283(evident)-284(that)-283(philosophic)-283(debates)-283(on)-283(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(three)-257(forms)-257(of)-257(government)-256(were)-257(not)-257(unknown,)-259(yet)-257(probably)-256(few)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-271(seriously)-272(thought)-271(of)-272(a)-271(restoration)-271(of)-272(the)-271(republic.)-314(None)-271(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-395(maniac)-395(would)-395(have)-395(entrusted)-395(the)-394(nerveless,)-432(sensual)-395(mob)-394(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rome)-189(with)-188(the)-189(destinies)-189(of)-188(the)-189(world.)-229(As)-189(a)-189(matter)-188(of)-189(fact,)-201(the)-188(mob)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(themselves)-259(very)-259(much)-259(preferred)-259(the)-259(rule)-259(of)-258(a)-259(lavish)-259(despot,)-261(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-194(cater)-194(for)-194(their)-194(pleasures.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.969 3.959 Td [(220)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.977 -3.959 Td [(But)-194(the)-194(Senate)-194(was)-194(still)-194(a)-194(name)]TJ -147.946 -13.549 Td [(of)-213(power.)-238(In)-213(the)-214(three)-213(or)-213(four)-213(generations)-214(which)-213(had)-213(passed)-213(since)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-378(death)-378(of)-378(the)-379(first)-378(Caesar,)-410(men)-378(had)-378(forgotten)-378(the)-378(weakness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-299(perfidy)-298(which)-299(had)-298(made)-298(senatorial)-299(government)-298(impossible.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(They)-242(thought)-242(of)-242(the)-242(Senate)-242(as)-243(the)-242(stubborn,)-243(haughty)-242(caste)-242(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-455(foiled)-455(the)-455(strategy)-455(of)-455(Hannibal,)-506(which)-455(had)-455(achieved)-455(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conquest)-318(of)-317(the)-318(world.)-453(The)-317(old)-318(families)-318(might)-317(have)-318(been)-317(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-359(decimated;)-413(new)-358(men)-359(of)-359(doubtful)-358(origin)-359(might)-359(have)-358(filled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-367(places.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.987 3.958 Td [(221)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.003 -3.958 Td [(But)-367(ancient)-367(institutions)-366(possess)-367(a)-367(prestige)-367(and)]TJ -72.99 -13.55 Td [(power)-337(which)-337(is)-336(often)-337(independent)-337(of)-336(the)-337(men)-337(who)-337(work)-336(them.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Men)-254(are)-255(governed)-254(largely)-255(through)-254(imagination)-255(and)-254(mere)-254(names.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Thus)-371(the)-371(Senate)-371(remained)-371(an)-371(imaginative)-371(symbol)-371(of)-371(the)-370(glory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-268(Roman)-268(power,)-272(down)-268(to)-268(the)-268(last)-268(years)-268(of)-268(the)-268(Western)-267(Empire.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-461(accomplished)-461(Symmachus)-461(cherishes)-461(the)-461(phantasm)-461(of)-461(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(power)-296(under)-296(Honorius.)-388(And)-296(although)-296(a)-296(Caligula)-296(or)-296(Nero)-295(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conceive)-242(a)-241(feverish)-242(hatred)-241(of)-242(the)-241(assembly)-242(which)-241(they)-242(feared,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(222)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(while)-341(they)-341(affected)-341(to)-341(despise)-341(it,)-364(the)-341(better)-340(emperors)-341(generally)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 153.797 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 146.985 Td [(220)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.405 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.346 0 Td [(x.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.42 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.355 0 Td [(lx.;)-246(D.)-243(Cass.)-248(60.)-248(1.)-247(On)-244(the)-243(assassination)-243(of)-244(Caligula,)]TJ -94.482 -10.959 Td [(the)-272(Senate)-273(debated)-272(the)-273(question)-272(of)-273(abolishing)-272(the)-273(memory)-272(of)-273(the)-272(Caesars,)-278(and)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(restoring)-214(the)-214(Republic;)-225(but)-214(the)-214(mob)-214(outside)-213(the)-214(temple)-214(of)-214(the)-213(Capitoline)-214(Jupiter)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(demanded)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 39.094 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(one)-250(ruler)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 32.117 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.223 0 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(world.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -81.166 -7.311 Td [(221)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(25;)-250(xiii.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.31 Td [(222)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.667 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.496 0 Td [(xxx.;)-598(xxvi.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.585 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-540(xxxvii.)-946(eumque)-482(ordinem)-482(sublaturum)]TJ -132.637 -10.959 Td [(quandoque)-419(e)-418(republica...;)-503(cf.)-756(xliii.)-756(creditur)-419(destinasse)-418(senatum)-419(universum)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(veneno)-250(per)-250(convivia)-250(necare....)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(63.)-250(15,)-250(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 367 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 368 0 R /Resources 366 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 349 0 R >> endobj 366 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 371 0 obj << /Length 5344 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(49)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(made)-399(almost)-398(a)-399(parade)-399(of)-398(their)-399(respect)-399(for)-398(the)-399(Senate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.621 3.959 Td [(223)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.046 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(wisest)-373(princes)-372(had)-372(a)-373(feeling)-372(that,)-404(although)-372(they)-372(might)-373(have)-372(at)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([39])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(their)-280(back)-281(the)-280(devotion)-281(of)-280(the)-280(legions,)-288(and)-281(an)-280(immense)-280(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force,)-454(still)-414(it)-413(was)-414(wiser)-413(to)-413(conciliate)-414(old)-413(Roman)-414(feeling)-413(by)-413(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(politic)-240(deference)-240(to)-239(a)-240(body)-240(which)-239(was)-240(surrounded)-240(by)-240(the)-239(aureole)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-263(antiquity,)-265(which)-263(had)-262(such)-263(splendid)-262(traditions)-263(of)-262(conquest)-262(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(administration.)]TJ 11.956 -15.903 Td [(The)-327(Senate)-327(was)-327(thus)-327(the)-327(only)-327(possible)-327(rival)-327(of)-327(the)-327(Emperor.)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(The)-251(question)-250(is,)-251(was)-251(the)-250(Senate)-251(ever)-251(a)-250(dangerous)-251(rival?)-252(The)-250(true)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(answer)-256(seems)-255(to)-256(be)-255(that)-256(the)-255(Senate)-256(was)-255(dangerous)-256(in)-256(theory,)-256(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-207(in)-207(fact.)-236(There)-206(can)-207(be)-207(little)-207(doubt)-207(that,)-216(in)-207(the)-207(reigns)-207(of)-206(Caligula)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(Nero,)-289(there)-280(were)-281(men)-281(who)-281(dreamed)-281(of)-281(a)-281(restored)-280(senatorial)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(power.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.99 3.959 Td [(224)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.731 -3.959 Td [(It)-420(is)-419(equally)-420(certain)-420(that)-419(the)-420(Senate)-419(was)-420(incapable)]TJ -50.721 -13.549 Td [(of)-391(asserting)-391(it.)-673(Luxury,)-426(self-indulgence,)-426(and)-391(conscription)-391(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(done)-443(their)-442(work)-443(effectually.)-828(There)-443(were)-442(many)-443(pretenders)-442(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-321(principate)-321(in)-321(the)-321(reign)-320(of)-321(Nero,)-339(and)-321(even)-321(some)-321(in)-321(the)-320(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-515(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.273 3.959 Td [(225)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.865 -3.959 Td [(But)-515(they)-516(had)-515(not)-515(a)-516(solid)-515(and)-515(determined)]TJ -86.138 -13.549 Td [(Senate)-435(at)-435(their)-435(back.)-806(The)-435(world,)-482(and)-435(even)-435(the)-435(Senate,)-481(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(convinced)-299(that)-300(the)-299(Roman)-299(Empire)-300(needed)-299(the)-299(administration)-299(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-289(man.)-368(How)-290(to)-289(get)-290(the)-289(one)-289(man)-290(was)-289(the)-289(problem.)-368(Hereditary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(succession)-461(had)-460(placed)-461(only)-460(fools)-460(or)-461(monsters)-460(on)-461(the)-460(throne.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-473(remained)-473(the)-473(old)-473(principle)-473(of)-473(adoption.)-919(An)-472(emperor,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feeling)-388(that)-388(his)-388(end)-388(was)-388(approaching,)-422(might,)-423(with)-388(all)-388(his)-387(vast)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(experience)-237(of)-236(the)-237(government)-236(of)-237(a)-236(world,)-240(with)-236(all)-237(his)-236(knowledge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-355(the)-354(senatorial)-355(class,)-380(with)-355(no)-355(fear)-354(of)-355(offence)-354(in)-355(the)-354(presence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-379(death,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.577 3.959 Td [(226)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.938 -3.959 Td [(designate)-379(one)-379(worthy)-379(of)-379(the)-378(enormous)-379(charge.)-637(If)]TJ -56.515 -13.549 Td [(such)-374(an)-374(one)-374(came)-375(to)-374(the)-374(principate,)-405(with)-374(a)-374(generous)-374(desire)-374(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(give)-362(the)-361(Senate)-362(a)-362(share)-361(of)-362(his)-361(burdens)-362(and)-362(his)-361(glory,)-390(that)-361(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-389(highest)-389(ideal)-388(of)-389(the)-389(Empire,)-423(and)-389(that)-389(was)-389(the)-389(ideal)-388(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-342(was)-342(approached)-342(in)-342(the)-342(Antonine)-342(age.)-526(Yet,)-365(outside)-342(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 103.394 Td [(223)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(54,)-250(62,)-250(64;)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.011 0 Td [(Hadrian)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.387 0 Td [(,)-250(6,)-250(7,)-250(\247)-250(4;)-250(8,)-250(\247)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -152.433 -7.311 Td [(224)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(x.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.537 -7.394 Td [(225)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(66.)-250(16;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 79.953 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xxv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -113.573 -7.311 Td [(226)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(See)-250(the)-250(speech)-250(of)-250(the)-250(dying)-250(Hadrian)-250(to)-250(the)-250(Senators,)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(69.)-250(20.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 370 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 371 0 R /Resources 369 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 373 0 R >> endobj 372 0 obj << /D [370 0 R /XYZ 133.493 504.626 null] >> endobj 369 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 376 0 obj << /Length 6349 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(50)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(circle)-323(of)-323(practical)-323(statesmen,)-342(there)-323(remained)-323(a)-323(class)-323(which)-323(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-342(irreconcilable.)-528(It)-342(has)-343(been)-342(recently)-343(maintained)-342(with)-342(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-461(that)-462(the)-461(Stoic)-462(opposition)-461(was)-462(only)-461(the)-462(opposition)-461(of)-461(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-219(ideal,)-225(not)-219(the)-220(deliberate)-219(propaganda)-219(of)-219(a)-219(political)-219(creed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(227)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(This)-405(may)-406(be)-405(true)-406(of)-405(some)-406(of)-405(the)-406(philosophers:)-561(it)-405(is)-405(certainly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-340(true)-340(of)-341(all.)-520(Thrasea)-340(was)-341(a)-340(genial)-340(man)-340(of)-340(the)-341(world,)-362(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(severest)-242(censure)-242(expressed)-242(itself)-241(in)-242(silence)-242(and)-242(absence)-242(from)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Senate,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.811 3.959 Td [(228)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.575 -3.959 Td [(who)-352(could)-353(even,)-377(on)-353(occasion,)-378(speak)-352(with)-352(deference)]TJ -48.386 -13.549 Td [(of)-289(Nero.)-367(But)-289(his)-289(son-in-law,)-299(Helvidius)-289(Priscus,)-298(seemed)-289(to)-289(exult)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([40])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(in)-412(flouting)-411(and)-412(insulting)-412(a)-411(great)-412(and)-412(worthy)-411(emperor)-412(such)-411(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.564 3.959 Td [(229)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.64 -3.959 Td [(And)-295(the)-294(life)-295(of)-294(Apollonius)-295(by)-295(Philost)1(ratus)-295(leaves)]TJ -64.204 -13.549 Td [(the)-264(distinct)-264(impression)-264(that)-264(philosophy,)-267(in)-264(the)-264(reign)-264(of)-264(Nero)-263(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Domitian,)-395(was)-366(a)-367(revolutionary)-366(force.)-599(Apollonius,)-395(it)-366(is)-366(true,)-395(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(represented)-251(by)-251(Philostratus)-250(as)-251(supporting)-251(the)-251(cause)-251(of)-250(monarchy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-426(a)-427(debate)-426(in)-426(the)-427(presence)-426(of)-426(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 190.988 3.959 Td [(230)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.952 -3.959 Td [(But)-426(he)-427(boasted)]TJ -211.94 -13.549 Td [(of)-422(having)-421(been)-422(privy)-422(to)-421(conspiracies)-422(against)-422(Nero,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.458 3.959 Td [(231)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.521 -3.959 Td [(and)-422(he)]TJ -249.979 -13.549 Td [(was)-389(deeply)-390(involved)-389(with)-390(Nerva)-389(and)-390(Orfitus)-389(in)-390(a)-389(plot)-389(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Domitian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.942 3.959 Td [(232)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.919 -3.959 Td [(He)-395(was)-395(summoned)-394(before)-395(the)-395(secret)-395(tribunal)-395(to)]TJ -63.861 -13.549 Td [(answer)-425(for)-425(speeches)-424(against)-425(the)-425(emperor)-425(delivered)-425(to)-424(crowds)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-385(Ephesus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.158 3.959 Td [(233)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.582 -3.959 Td [(It)-385(may)-384(be)-385(admit)1(ted)-385(that)-384(the)-385(invective)-384(or)-385(scorn)]TJ -70.74 -13.549 Td [(of)-437(philosophy)-437(was)-437(aimed)-436(at)-437(unworthy)-437(princes,)-484(rather)-437(than)-436(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-464(foundations)-465(of)-464(their)-464(power.)-893(Yet)-465(Dion)-464(Cassius)-464(evidently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(regards)-272(Helvidius)-271(Priscus)-272(as)-271(a)-272(turbulent)-271(agitator)-272(with)-271(dangerous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(democratic)-500(ideals,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.097 3.958 Td [(234)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.584 -3.958 Td [(and)-500(he)-499(contrasts)-500(his)-499(violence)-500(with)-499(the)]TJ -100.681 -13.55 Td [(studied)-285(moderation,)-294(combined)-285(with)-285(dignified)-285(reserve,)-293(displayed)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.519 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 169.706 Td [(227)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.874 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(102.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -73.476 -7.31 Td [(228)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.152 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.004 0 Td [(xvi.)-610(21;)-430(xv.)-610(23;)-430(xiv.)-610(48,)-400(id)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 110.739 0 Td [(egregio)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.71 0 Td [(sub)-370(principe)-370(...)-610(senatui)]TJ -194.561 -10.959 Td [(statuendum)-250(disseruit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(229)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.023 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.114 0 Td [(xv.;)-283(cf.)-317(xiii.,)-278(where)-272(Demetrius)-272(is)-273(guilty)-272(of)-272(similar)-272(rudeness;)-284(D.)]TJ -55.093 -10.959 Td [(Cass.)-250(66.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(230)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(v.)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -90.422 -7.31 Td [(231)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(3,)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(232)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(8,)-250(33;)-250(cf.)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(67.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(233)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(vii.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -90.422 -7.311 Td [(234)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(66.)-250(12,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 59.276 0 Td [(\262\261\303\271\273\265\257\261\302)-250(\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.701 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\272\261\304\267\263\314\301\265\271)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.858 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\264\267\274\277\272\301\261\304\257\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.933 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.948 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 375 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 376 0 R /Resources 374 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 373 0 R >> endobj 377 0 obj << /D [375 0 R /XYZ 221.765 409.782 null] >> endobj 374 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 380 0 obj << /Length 5190 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(51)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(by)-350(Thrasea)-351(in)-350(the)-351(reign)-350(of)-351(Nero.)-551(The)-350(tolerant)-351(Vespasian,)-375(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bore)-324(so)-323(long)-324(the)-323(wanton)-324(insults)-323(of)-324(the)-323(philosophers,)-342(must)-323(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(come)-440(at)-441(length)-440(to)-440(think)-440(them)-441(not)-440(only)-440(an)-441(offence)-440(but)-440(a)-440(real)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(danger)-378(when)-378(he)-378(banished)-378(them.)-634(In)-378(the)-378(first)-378(century)-378(there)-378(can)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-289(little)-290(doubt)-289(that)-290(there)-289(were)-290(members)-289(of)-290(the)-289(philosophic)-289(class)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-268(condemned)-267(monarchy,)-272(not)-267(only)-268(as)-268(a)-267(moral)-268(danger,)-271(but)-268(as)-267(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lamentable)-243(aberration)-243(from)-244(the)-243(traditions)-243(of)-243(republican)-243(freedom.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-237(were)-236(probably)-237(some,)-239(who,)-239(if)-237(the)-237(chance)-236(had)-237(offered)-236(itself,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-250(even)-250(have)-250(ventured)-250(on)-250(a)-250(republican)-250(reaction.)]TJ 11.956 -16.944 Td [(With)-348(a)-348(gloomy)-349(recognition)-348(of)-348(the)-348(realities)-348(of)-349(life,)-372(Domitian)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(used)-168(to)-167(say)-168(that)-167(conspiracy)-168(against)-167(an)-168(emperor)-167(was)-168(never)-167(believed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(till)-283(the)-283(emperor)-282(was)-283(killed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 118.691 3.959 Td [(235)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.252 -3.959 Td [(Of)-283(the)-282(first)-283(twelve)-283(Caesars)-283(seven)]TJ -134.943 -13.549 Td [(died)-197(a)-197(violent)-197(death.)-233(Every)-197(emperor)-197(from)-197(Tiberius)-197(to)-197(M.)-197(Aurelius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-383(the)-382(mark)-383(of)-382(conspiracy.)-648(This)-382(was)-383(often)-382(provoked)-383(by)-382(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(detestable)-261(character)-261(of)-260(the)-261(prince.)-282(But)-261(it)-261(sometimes)-261(sprang)-260(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-248(causes)-247(than)-248(moral)-248(disgust.)-249(The)-248(mild)-247(rule)-248(of)-248(Vespasian)-247(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(generally)-394(popular;)-465(yet)-394(even)-394(he)-393(had)-394(to)-393(repel)-394(the)-394(conspiracy)-393(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aelianus)-341(and)-340(Marcellus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.321 3.959 Td [(236)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.148 -3.959 Td [(The)-341(blameless)-340(Nerva,)-364(the)-340(emperor)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.555 0 Td [([41])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(after)-521(the)-521(Senate)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.769 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-521(own)-521(heart,)-589(was)-521(twice)-521(assailed)-521(by)-521(risings)]TJ -77.402 -13.549 Td [(organised)-345(by)-345(great)-345(nobles)-345(of)-344(historic)-345(name.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.36 3.959 Td [(237)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.286 -3.959 Td [(The)-345(conspiracy)]TJ -212.646 -13.549 Td [(of)-404(Nigrinus)-405(against)-404(Hadrian)-404(received)-404(formidable)-405(support,)-442(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-378(to)-377(be)-378(sternly)-377(crushed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.363 3.958 Td [(238)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.356 -3.958 Td [(M.)-378(Aurelius)-377(had)-378(to)-377(endure)-378(with)]TJ -136.719 -13.55 Td [(sad)-372(resignation)-373(the)-372(open)-373(rebellion)-372(of)-372(Avidius)-373(Cassius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.481 3.959 Td [(239)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.186 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(better)-275(emperors,)-281(strong)-275(in)-275(their)-275(character)-275(and)-275(the)-275(general)-275(justice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-449(their)-449(administration,)-499(might)-449(afford)-449(to)-449(treat)-449(such)-449(opposition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-443(comparative)-442(calmness.)-828(But)-442(it)-442(was)-443(different)-442(in)-443(the)-442(case)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-503(a)-502(Nero)-503(or)-503(a)-502(Domitian.)-1008(The)-503(conspiracy)-503(of)-502(Piso)-503(and)-502(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conspiracy)-429(of)-429(Saturninus)-430(formed,)-474(in)-429(each)-429(case,)-474(a)-429(climax)-429(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-389(turning-point.)-669(Springing)-389(from)-389(real)-390(and)-389(justified)-389(impatience,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.43 Td [(235)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xxi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.045 -7.311 Td [(236)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(66.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(237)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(68.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(238)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(7,)-250(\247)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.528 -7.311 Td [(239)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Jul.)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.836 0 Td [(M.)-250(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.889 0 Td [(24,)-250(25.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 379 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 380 0 R /Resources 378 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 373 0 R >> endobj 381 0 obj << /D [379 0 R /XYZ 193.921 284.444 null] >> endobj 378 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 384 0 obj << /Length 5584 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(52)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(they)-340(were)-339(ruthlessly)-340(crushed)-340(and)-339(followed)-340(up)-340(with)-339(a)-340(cruel)-339(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suspicious)-431(repression)-432(which)-431(only)-432(increased)-431(the)-432(danger)-431(of)-431(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(despot.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.111 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Scelera)-347(sceleribus)-347(tuenda)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 112.384 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.628 0 Td [(sums)-347(up)-347(the)-347(awful)-347(tale,)-371(in)]TJ -162.966 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(words)-312(of)-312(Tacitus,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.7 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(of)-312(the)-312(wrath)-312(of)-311(God)-312(and)-312(the)-312(madness)-312(of)]TJ -102.543 -13.55 Td [(men.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.513 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -9.557 -18.158 Td [(There)-367(were)-367(many)-367(causes)-367(which)-367(rendered)-367(the)-367(tragedy)-367(of)-367(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(early)-503(Empire)-504(inevitable.)-1009(Probably)-503(the)-504(most)-503(potent)-503(was)-503(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(undefined)-371(position)-371(of)-372(t)1(he)-372(prince)-371(and)-371(the)-371(dreams)-371(of)-371(republican)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-563(and)-563(freedom)-563(which)-562(for)-563(ages)-563(were)-563(cherished)-563(by)-562(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Senate.)-423(Carefully)-308(disguised)-308(under)-308(ancient)-307(forms,)-323(the)-307(principate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-375(Augustus)-375(was)-375(really)-375(omnipotent,)-406(through)-375(the)-375(possession)-375(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-342(proconsular)-341(imperium)-342(in)-341(the)-342(provinces,)-364(and)-342(the)-341(tribunician)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(prerogative)-183(at)-184(home.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.523 3.959 Td [(240)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.938 -3.959 Td [(In)-183(the)-184(last)-183(resort)-183(there)-184(was)-183(no)-183(legal)-184(means)]TJ -103.461 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(challenging)-361(the)-362(man)-362(who)-361(controlled)-362(the)-362(legions,)-389(nominated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-284(magistrates,)-292(and)-284(manipulated)-284(a)-283(vast)-284(treasury)-284(at)-284(his)-283(pleasure.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-394(fiction)-394(of)-394(Augustus,)-431(that)-394(he)-394(had)-394(restored)-394(the)-394(Republic)-394(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-265(hands)-266(of)-265(the)-266(Senate)-265(and)-266(people,)-269(is)-265(unlikely)-266(to)-265(have)-265(deceived)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-334(own)-334(astute)-334(intellect.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.78 3.959 Td [(241)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.934 -3.959 Td [(The)-334(hand)-334(which,)-356(of)-334(its)-334(grace)-334(could)]TJ -123.714 -13.549 Td [(restore)-298(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 49.507 0 Td [(simulacra)-298(libertatis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 86.286 0 Td [(,)-309(might)-298(as)-298(easily)-297(withdraw)-298(them.)]TJ -135.793 -13.549 Td [(The)-256(Comitia)-256(lost)-256(even)-256(the)-256(shadow)-256(of)-256(constitutional)-256(power)-256(in)-255(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(following)-343(reign.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.31 3.959 Td [(242)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.214 -3.959 Td [(Henceforth)-343(the)-342(people)-343(is)-343(the)-342(army.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.928 3.959 Td [(243)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.214 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(holders)-335(of)-334(the)-335(great)-335(republican)-334(magistracies)-335(are)-335(mere)-334(creatures)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-345(the)-346(prince)-345(and)-346(obedient)-345(ministers)-346(of)-345(his)-346(power.)-536(The)-345(Senate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alone)-389(retained)-389(some)-388(vestiges)-389(of)-389(its)-389(old)-388(power,)-424(and)-389(still)-388(larger)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([42])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(pretensions)-289(and)-288(antiquarian)-289(claims.)-366(In)-289(theory,)-298(during)-289(a)-288(vacancy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-326(the)-327(principate,)-345(the)-327(Senate)-326(was)-327(the)-326(ultimate)-327(seat)-326(of)-326(authority,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-368(the)-368(new)-367(emperor)-368(received)-368(his)-367(prerogatives)-368(by)-368(a)-368(decree)-367(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-318(Senate.)-455(In)-319(the)-318(work)-319(of)-318(legislation,)-335(its)-319(decisions)-318(divided)-318(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.228 Td [(240)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.622 0 Td [(Staatsr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.309 0 Td [(ii.)-723(787-821;)-487(Professor)-408(Pelham)-408(has)-408(given)-408(a)-407(luminous)]TJ -81.887 -10.959 Td [(account)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Principate)-250(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 100.854 0 Td [(Encycl.)-250(Brit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.316 0 Td [(vol.)-250(xx.)-250(p.)-250(769.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -147.921 -7.311 Td [(241)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(xxviii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.027 -7.31 Td [(242)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(i.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.311 Td [(243)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.263 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.918 0 Td [(x.;)-214(D.)-195(Cass.)-232(60.)-232(1;)-214(where)-195(the)-196(soldiers)-196(plainly)-195(close)-196(the)-195(impotent)]TJ -58.136 -10.959 Td [(debates)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Senate,)-250(and)-250(by)-250(hailing)-250(Claudius)-250(as)-250(emperor.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 383 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 384 0 R /Resources 382 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 373 0 R >> endobj 385 0 obj << /D [383 0 R /XYZ 273.515 201.934 null] >> endobj 382 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 388 0 obj << /Length 5779 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(53)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(field)-361(with)-362(the)-361(edicts)-362(of)-361(the)-362(prince,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 154.241 3.959 Td [(244)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.7 -3.959 Td [(and)-361(it)-362(claimed)-361(a)-362(parallel)]TJ -170.941 -13.549 Td [(judicial)-389(power.)-668(But)-389(all)-389(this)-389(was)-390(really)-389(illusory.)-667(The)-389(working)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(such)-296(a)-295(system)-295(manifestly)-295(depends)-295(on)-296(the)-295(character)-295(and)-295(ideas)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-403(the)-404(man)-403(who)-404(for)-403(the)-403(time)-404(wields)-403(the)-403(material)-404(force)-403(of)-403(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Empire.)-354(And)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.599 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-285(share)-284(of)-285(the)-285(Senate)-285(in)-284(the)-285(government)-285(was)-285(in)]TJ -65.443 -13.549 Td [(fact)-313(determined)-313(by)-314(the)-313(amount)-313(of)-313(administrative)-313(activity)-313(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(each)-250(emperor)-250(saw)-250(fit)-250(to)-250(allow)-250(it)-250(to)-250(exercise.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 190.56 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(245)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -183.448 -20.903 Td [(The)-428(half-insane)-429(Caligula)-428(had)-429(really)-428(a)-429(clearer)-428(vision)-429(of)-428(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.35 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-558(position)-557(than)-558(the)-558(reactionary)-557(dreamers,)-635(when)-557(he)]TJ -39.982 -13.549 Td [(told)-328(his)-328(grandmother)-328(Antonia,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.853 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Memento)-328(omnia)-328(mihi)-328(in)-328(omnes)]TJ -142.696 -13.549 Td [(licere)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.84 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 2.728 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.958 Td [(246)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.882 -3.958 Td [(He)-223(did)-222(not)-223(need)-222(the)-223(lessons)-223(of)-222(Agrippa)-223(and)-222(Antiochus)]TJ -47.293 -13.55 Td [(to)-287(teach)-288(him)-287(the)-287(secret)-288(of)-287(tyranny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.2 3.959 Td [(247)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.402 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-287(institutions)-288(can)-287(never)]TJ -167.602 -13.549 Td [(be)-312(separated)-312(from)-312(the)-312(moral)-312(and)-312(social)-312(forces)-312(which)-312(lie)-311(behind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-396(around)-397(them.)-689(The)-397(emperor)-396(had)-397(to)-396(depend)-397(on)-396(agents)-396(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(advisers,)-536(many)-479(of)-479(them)-478(of)-479(social)-479(rank)-479(and)-479(family)-478(traditions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(equal)-376(to)-376(his)-377(own.)-628(He)-377(had)-376(by)-376(his)-376(side)-377(a)-376(Senate)-376(with)-376(a)-376(history)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-405(immemorial)-405(antiquity)-405(and)-405(glory,)-443(which)-405(cast)-405(a)-405(spell)-405(on)-404(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conservative)-487(imagination)-487(of)-488(a)-487(race)-487(which)-487(recoiled)-487(from)-487(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impiety)-257(to)-257(the)-256(past.)-271(Above)-256(all,)-259(he)-256(was)-257(surrounded)-257(by)-257(a)-256(populace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-454(took)-454(its)-454(revenge)-455(for)-454(the)-454(loss)-454(of)-454(its)-454(free)-454(Comitia)-454(by)-454(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surprising)-313(licence)-313(of)-314(lampoon)-313(and)-313(epigram)-313(and)-313(mordant)-313(gossip)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-405(clamorous)-404(appeal)-405(in)-404(the)-405(circus)-404(and)-405(theatre.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.597 3.959 Td [(248)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.238 -3.959 Td [(And)-405(even)]TJ -236.835 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(soldiers,)-357(who)-335(were)-336(the)-335(sworn)-336(supporters)-335(of)-335(the)-336(prince,)-356(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-258(often)-259(represented)-258(better)-258(than)-259(any)-258(other)-258(class)-259(the)-258(tone)-258(of)-258(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-368(gravity)-369(and)-368(manly)-368(virtue,)-398(could)-369(sometimes)-368(make)-368(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Imperator)-274(feel)-273(that)-274(there)-274(was)-273(in)-274(reserve)-274(a)-273(power)-274(which)-274(he)-273(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-221(safely)-221(defy.)-240(Hence)-220(it)-221(was)-221(that,)-227(with)-220(the)-221(changing)-221(character)-220(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-239(prince,)-242(the)-239(imperial)-239(power)-239(might)-240(pass)-239(into)-239(a)-239(lawless)-239(tyranny,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-250(to)-251(be)-250(checked)-250(by)-251(assassination,)-250(while)-250(again)-251(it)-250(might)-250(veil)-250(its)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.513 Td [(244)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(Staatsr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.812 0 Td [(ii.)-250(839.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -96.895 -7.394 Td [(245)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Pelham,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.382 0 Td [(Encycl.)-250(Brit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.316 0 Td [(xx.)-250(p.)-250(779.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -98.868 -7.311 Td [(246)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(xxix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.547 -7.31 Td [(247)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(59.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(248)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(56.)-250(1;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.591 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(vi.)-250(13;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.585 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xiii.;)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.874 0 Td [(Galba)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(,)-250(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 387 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 388 0 R /Resources 386 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 373 0 R >> endobj 386 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 391 0 obj << /Length 5291 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(54)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(forces)-328(under)-329(consti)1(tutional)-329(forms,)-348(adopt)-328(the)-328(watchwords)-328(of)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Republic,)-232(exalt)-227(the)-227(Senate)-227(to)-227(a)-227(place)-227(beside)-228(the)-227(throne,)-231(and)-227(make)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-262(accomplished)-262(statesmen)-262(fancy)-261(for)-262(the)-262(time)-262(that)-262(the)-262(days)-261(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-250(liberty)-250(had)-250(returned.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([43])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -15.831 Td [(Such)-252(a)-253(dream,)-253(not)-253(altogether)-252(visionary,)-253(floated)-253(before)-252(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 260.798 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(mind)-237(when)-237(he)-237(delivered)-237(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 122.604 0 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.422 0 Td [(in)-237(the)-237(presence)-237(of)-237(Trajan.)]TJ -170.026 -13.55 Td [(That)-359(speech)-359(is)-360(at)-359(once)-359(an)-359(act)-360(of)-359(thanksgiving)-359(and)-359(a)-359(manifesto)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-433(the)-432(Senate.)-798(The)-433(tone)-432(of)-433(fulsome)-432(extravagance)-433(is)-432(excused)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-297(the)-297(joy)-297(at)-297(escaping)-296(from)-297(a)-297(treacherous)-297(tyranny,)-309(which)-296(drove)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtue)-423(into)-423(remote)-424(retreat,)-466(which)-423(made)-423(friendship)-423(impossible,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-228(poisoned)-229(the)-228(security)-229(of)-228(household)-229(life)-228(by)-229(a)-228(continual)-228(fear)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-367(espionage.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.445 3.959 Td [(249)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.012 -3.959 Td [(The)-367(confidence)-367(which)-367(Pliny)-367(expresses)-367(in)-368(the)]TJ -78.457 -13.549 Td [(majestic)-179(strength,)-194(mingled)-179(with)-179(modesty)-179(and)-179(self-restraint,)-193(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Trajan)-251(brought)-250(to)-251(the)-250(task)-251(of)-250(the)-251(principate,)-250(was)-251(amply)-250(justified.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-443(overwhelming)-443(force)-443(of)-444(the)-443(emperor)-443(seemed,)-491(in)-443(the)-443(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-312(to)-300(pass)-300(into)-300(the)-300(freely)-300(accepted)-300(rule)-300(of)-300(the)-300(great)-300(citizen.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(250)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Pliny)-291(indeed)-290(does)-291(not)-291(conceal)-291(from)-290(himself)-291(the)-291(immense)-290(actual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-332(of)-333(the)-332(emperor.)-498(He)-332(is)-333(the)-332(vicegerent)-332(of)-333(God,)-353(an)-332(earthly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Providence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.808 3.959 Td [(251)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.849 -3.959 Td [(His)-270(power)-271(is)-270(not)-271(less)-270(than)-271(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.291 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-270(or)-271(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.446 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s,)]TJ -273.659 -13.549 Td [(but)-380(it)-380(is)-380(a)-380(power)-380(no)-380(longer)-380(wielded)-380(wildly)-380(by)-380(selfish)-380(or)-380(cruel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(self-will;)-608(it)-489(is)-488(a)-489(power)-489(inspired)-488(by)-489(benevolence,)-548(voluntarily)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(submitting)-210(itself)-210(to)-210(the)-210(restraints)-210(of)-210(law)-210(and)-210(ancient)-210(sentiment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(252)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Founded)-259(on)-258(service)-259(and)-259(virtue,)-261(it)-259(can)-258(fearlessly)-259(claim)-259(the)-258(loving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(support)-369(of)-369(the)-369(citizens,)-399(while)-369(it)-369(recalls)-369(the)-369(freedom)-369(of)-369(the)-369(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Republic.)-303(A)-267(prince)-267(who)-268(is)-267(hedged)-268(by)-267(the)-268(devotion)-267(of)-268(his)-267(people)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-324(dispense)-324(with)-323(the)-324(horde)-324(of)-324(spies)-324(and)-323(informers,)-343(who)-323(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(driven)-317(virtue)-318(into)-317(banishment)-317(and)-318(made)-317(a)-317(crowd)-318(of)-317(sneaks)-317(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cowards.)-353(Free)-284(speech)-285(has)-284(been)-284(restored.)-353(The)-284(Senate,)-293(which)-284(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-173(long)-173(been)-172(expected)-173(to)-173(applaud)-172(with)-173(grovelling)-173(flattery)-173(the)-172(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trivial)-329(or)-329(the)-329(most)-329(flagitious)-329(acts)-329(of)-329(the)-329(emperor,)-348(is)-329(summoned)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.373 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.561 Td [(249)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(43,)-250(44,)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.036 -7.394 Td [(250)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(24,)-250(62,)-250(63,)-250(66.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(251)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(80.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(252)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(62,)-250(63,)-250(64.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 390 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 391 0 R /Resources 389 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 373 0 R >> endobj 392 0 obj << /D [390 0 R /XYZ 93.543 475.149 null] >> endobj 389 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 395 0 obj << /Length 5292 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(55)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-310(a)-311(share)-310(in)-311(the)-310(serious)-311(work)-310(of)-310(government.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.509 3.959 Td [(253)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.157 -3.959 Td [(A)-310(community)]TJ -219.666 -13.549 Td [(of)-304(interest)-304(and)-304(feeling)-304(secures)-303(to)-304(it)-304(a)-304(free)-304(voice)-304(in)-304(his)-303(counsels,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-226(derogating)-226(from)-227(his)-226(dignity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.449 3.959 Td [(254)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.094 -3.959 Td [(All)-226(this)-226(is)-227(expressed)-226(by)-226(a)]TJ -172.543 -13.549 Td [(scrupulous)-243(observance)-242(of)-243(old)-242(republican)-242(forms.)-248(The)-242(commander)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-229(conquering)-229(legions,)-233(the)-229(Caesar,)-233(Augustus,)-233(Pontifex)-229(Maximus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-377(actually)-377(condescended)-377(to)-377(take)-377(the)-377(oath)-377(of)-377(office,)-408(standing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-315(the)-314(consul)-315(seated)-314(in)-315(his)-315(chair!)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.189 3.959 Td [(255)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.295 -3.959 Td [(Here)-315(we)-314(seem)-315(to)-314(have)]TJ -181.484 -13.549 Td [(the)-281(key)-280(to)-281(the)-281(senatorial)-281(position.)-342(They)-280(were)-281(ready)-281(to)-280(recognise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-270(overwhelming)-269(power)-270(of)-269(the)-270(prince,)-274(if)-270(he,)-274(for)-270(his)-269(part,)-274(would)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)-321(respect)-320(in)-320(form,)-339(if)-320(not)-320(in)-321(substance,)-338(the)-321(ancient)-320(dignity)-320(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-418(Senate.)-752(Tolerance,)-460(affability,)-459(politic)-418(deference)-417(to)-418(a)-417(great)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([44])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(name,)-319(seemed)-304(to)-305(Pliny)-305(and)-305(his)-305(kind)-304(a)-305(restoration)-305(of)-305(the)-304(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedom,)-212(almost)-202(a)-202(revival)-202(of)-202(the)-202(old)-202(Republic.)-234(Fortunately)-201(for)-202(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world)-287(a)-287(succession)-287(of)-288(wise)-287(princes)-287(perceived)-287(that,)-296(by)-287(deference)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-335(the)-334(pride)-335(of)-334(the)-335(Senate,)-356(they)-334(could)-335(secure)-335(the)-334(peace)-335(of)-334(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(administration,)-250(without)-250(diminishing)-250(its)-250(effective)-250(power.)]TJ 11.956 -14.789 Td [(Yet,)-659(even)-576(from)-577(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.095 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 10.537 0 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.836 0 Td [(,)-659(we)-577(can)-576(see)-577(that)-577(the)]TJ -174.057 -13.549 Td [(recognition)-351(of)-351(the)-352(prerogatives,)-376(or)-351(rather)-351(of)-352(the)-351(dignity,)-376(of)-351(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Senate,)-230(the)-225(coexistence)-225(of)-226(old)-225(republican)-225(forms)-225(side)-225(by)-225(side)-225(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-269(power,)-274(depended)-269(entirely)-269(on)-269(the)-269(grace)-269(and)-269(tolerance)-269(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(master)-332(of)-331(the)-332(legions.)-494(Nothing)-332(could)-331(be)-332(more)-331(curious)-331(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-181(assertion)-181(of)-181(the)-181(senatorial)-181(claims,)-195(combined)-181(with)-180(the)-181(most)]TJ -26.673 -13.549 Td [(effusive)-271(gratitude)-271(to)-271(Trajan)-271(for)-271(conceding)-271(them.)-313(The)-271(emperor)-270(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 22.466 0 Td [(primus)-281(inter)-282(pares)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 81.29 0 Td [(,)-289(and)-281(yet)-282(Pliny,)-289(by)-281(the)-282(whole)-281(tone)-281(of)-281(his)]TJ -103.756 -13.549 Td [(speech,)-230(admits)-225(that)-224(he)-225(is)-225(the)-225(master)-224(who)-225(may)-225(equally)-225(indulge)-224(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(constitutional)-186(claims)-185(or)-186(superstitions)-185(of)-185(his)-186(subjects)-185(or)-186(trample)-185(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them.)-271(In)-257(the)-257(first)-256(century)-257(a)-257(power,)-259(the)-257(extent)-257(of)-257(which)-256(depended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-192(on)-191(the)-192(will)-191(of)-192(the)-191(prince,)-204(and)-191(yet)-192(seemed)-191(limited)-192(by)-191(shadowy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(claims)-334(of)-335(ancient)-334(tradition,)-356(was)-334(liable)-335(to)-334(be)-335(distrustful)-334(of)-334(itself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-232(to)-232(be)-231(challenged)-232(by)-232(pretenders.)-244(In)-232(actual)-231(fact,)-236(the)-232(prince)-231(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-268(powerful)-268(that)-268(he)-268(might)-269(easily)-268(pass)-268(into)-268(a)-268(despot;)-277(in)-268(theory)-268(he)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.254 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 92.358 Td [(253)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(66.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.395 Td [(254)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(72.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.394 Td [(255)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(64.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 394 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 395 0 R /Resources 393 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 397 0 R >> endobj 396 0 obj << /D [394 0 R /XYZ 203.766 382.683 null] >> endobj 393 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 400 0 obj << /Length 6135 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(56)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(was)-225(only)-224(the)-225(first)-225(of)-224(Roman)-225(nobles,)-230(who)-224(might)-225(easily)-225(have)-224(rivals)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-439(his)-440(own)-439(class.)-818(Pliny)-439(congratulates)-440(Trajan)-439(on)-439(having,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-449(his)-449(mildness)-449(and)-449(justice,)-499(escaped)-449(the)-449(terror)-448(of)-449(pretenders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-287(haunted)-287(the)-287(earlier)-287(emperors,)-296(and)-287(was)-287(often)-287(justified)-286(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cruelly)-329(avenged.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.961 3.959 Td [(256)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.769 -3.959 Td [(In)-329(spite)-329(of)-329(the)-329(lavish)-329(splendour)-329(of)-329(Nero)-330(or)]TJ -90.73 -13.549 Td [(Caligula,)-374(the)-349(imperial)-349(household,)-373(till)-349(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.809 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-349(reorganisation,)]TJ -207.441 -13.549 Td [(was)-253(still)-254(modelled)-253(on)-253(the)-254(lines)-253(of)-253(other)-254(great)-253(aristocratic)-253(houses.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.808 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-329(suspicions)-328(were)-329(more)-329(than)-328(once)-329(excited)-329(by)-328(the)-329(scale)-328(of)]TJ -25.44 -13.549 Td [(establishments)-269(like)-270(that)-269(of)-269(the)-269(Silani,)-274(by)-270(wealth)-269(and)-269(display)-269(like)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.895 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s,)-312(by)-300(the)-300(lustre)-300(of)-300(great)-300(historic)-300(traditions)-300(in)-300(a)-299(gens)-300(like)]TJ -34.528 -13.549 Td [(the)-354(Calpurnian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.396 3.959 Td [(257)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.572 -3.959 Td [(The)-354(loyalty)-353(of)-354(Corbulo)-354(could)-353(not)-354(save)-353(him)]TJ -86.968 -13.549 Td [(from)-255(the)-255(jealousy)-255(aroused)-255(by)-255(his)-254(exploits)-255(in)-255(eastern)-255(war.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.503 3.959 Td [(258)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.342 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(power)-365(of)-365(great)-365(provincial)-365(governors,)-394(in)-365(command)-364(of)-365(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(armies,)-232(and)-228(administering)-228(realms)-228(such)-228(as)-228(Gaul)-228(or)-228(Spain)-228(or)-227(Syria,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-398(not)-398(an)-398(altogether)-398(imaginary)-398(danger.)-694(If)-398(Domitian)-397(seemed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distrustful)-248(of)-247(Agricola)-248(in)-248(Britain,)-248(we)-248(must)-247(remember)-248(that)-248(he)-247(had)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([45])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(in)-265(his)-266(youth)-265(seen)-265(Galba)-265(and)-265(Vindex)-266(marching)-265(on)-265(Rome,)-269(and)-265(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(father)-318(concentrating)-317(the)-318(forces)-318(of)-317(the)-318(East)-318(for)-317(the)-318(overthrow)-317(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vitellius)-250(in)-250(the)-250(great)-250(struggle)-250(on)-250(the)-250(Po.)]TJ 11.955 -21.707 Td [(The)-856(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 62.647 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-856(fears)-855(and)-856(suspicions)-855(were)-856(immensely)]TJ -78.235 -13.549 Td [(aggravated)-481(by)-482(the)-481(adepts)-481(in)-482(the)-481(dark)-481(arts)-482(of)-481(the)-481(East.)-944(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(astrologers)-282(were)-281(a)-282(great)-281(and)-282(baneful)-281(power)-282(in)-281(the)-282(early)-281(Empire.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-221(inspired)-221(illicit)-222(ambitions,)-227(or)-221(they)-221(stimulated)-221(them,)-227(and)-221(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(often)-343(suggested)-344(to)-343(a)-344(timorous)-343(prince)-343(the)-344(danger)-343(of)-343(conspiracy.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(These)-412(venal)-411(impostors,)-452(in)-411(the)-412(words)-412(of)-411(Tacitus,)-452(were)-411(always)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-431(banished,)-476(but)-430(they)-431(always)-431(returned.)-792(For)-431(the)-431(men)-430(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drove)-389(them)-390(into)-389(temporary)-390(exile)-389(had)-390(the)-389(firmest)-390(faith)-389(in)-389(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(skill.)-655(The)-385(prince)-385(would)-385(have)-385(liked)-385(to)-385(keep)-385(a)-385(monopoly)-384(of)-385(it,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(while)-309(he)-309(withdrew)-309(from)-309(his)-309(nobles)-309(the)-309(temptation)-309(which)-309(might)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.213 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.317 Td [(256)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.036 -7.395 Td [(257)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(1;)-250(xiv.)-250(52;)-250(xv.)-250(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.394 Td [(258)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(D.)-325(Cass.)-474(63.17,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 60.549 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\271)-325(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.092 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301)-325(\300\261\301)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 20.906 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.896 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.187 0 Td [(\264\267\274\314\303\271\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.226 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\272\273\267\274\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.805 0 Td [(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.457 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\265\304\256)-325(\304\265)-324(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.419 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\300\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.916 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\302)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.501 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\263\255\275\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.694 0 Td [(:)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.658 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(76.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 399 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 400 0 R /Resources 398 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 397 0 R >> endobj 401 0 obj << /D [399 0 R /XYZ 193.155 314.937 null] >> endobj 398 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 404 0 obj << /Length 6257 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(57)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(be)-384(offered)-385(to)-384(their)-384(ambition)-384(by)-385(the)-384(mercenary)-384(adept.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.237 3.959 Td [(259)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.575 -3.959 Td [(Dion)]TJ -258.812 -13.549 Td [(Cassius)-295(and)-294(Suetonius,)-306(who)-294(were)-295(themselves)-294(eager)-295(believers)-294(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-200(superstition,)-209(never)-200(fail)-200(to)-199(record)-200(the)-200(influence)-199(of)-200(the)-199(diviners.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-205(reign)-204(of)-205(Tiberius)-204(is)-205(full)-204(of)-205(dark)-204(tales)-205(about)-204(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 226.822 3.958 Td [(260)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.016 -3.958 Td [(Claudius)]TJ -241.838 -13.55 Td [(drove)-278(Scribonianus)-279(into)-278(exile)-279(for)-278(consulting)-279(an)-278(astrologer)-278(about)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(term)-284(of)-285(his)-284(reign.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.71 3.959 Td [(261)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.313 -3.959 Td [(On)-285(the)-284(appearance)-285(of)-284(a)-285(flaming)-285(comet,)]TJ -109.023 -13.549 Td [(Nero)-305(was)-305(warned)-304(by)-305(his)-305(diviner,)-318(Bilbilus,)-319(that)-304(a)-305(portent,)-318(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(always)-403(boded)-404(ill)-403(to)-404(kings,)-441(might)-404(be)-403(expiated)-403(by)-404(the)-403(blood)-403(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-300(nobles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.48 3.958 Td [(262)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.817 -3.958 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-300(astrologer,)-312(Seleucus,)-313(who)-300(had)-300(promised)]TJ -96.748 -13.55 Td [(that)-403(he)-403(should)-404(survive)-403(Nero,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 130.001 3.959 Td [(263)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.269 -3.959 Td [(stimulated)-403(his)-403(ambition)-404(to)-403(be)]TJ -147.27 -13.549 Td [(the)-522(successor)-521(of)-522(Galba.)-1064(Vitellius,)-590(as)-521(superstitious)-522(as)-521(Nero)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-416(Otho,)-458(cruelly)-416(persecuted)-415(the)-416(soothsayers)-416(and)-416(ordered)-416(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expulsion)-352(from)-352(Italy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.04 3.959 Td [(264)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.524 -3.959 Td [(He)-352(was)-352(defied)-352(by)-353(a)-352(mocking)-352(edict)-352(of)]TJ -112.564 -13.549 Td [(the)-378(tribe,)-410(ordaining)-378(his)-379(own)-378(departure)-378(from)-378(earth)-378(by)-378(a)-378(certain)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(day.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 18.48 3.959 Td [(265)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.012 -3.959 Td [(Vespasian)-275(once)-276(more)-275(banished)-276(the)-275(diviners)-275(from)-276(Rome,)]TJ -34.492 -13.549 Td [(but,)-308(obedient)-297(to)-296(the)-297(superstition)-297(which)-296(cradled)-297(the)-296(power)-297(of)-296(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dynasty,)-194(he)-181(retained)-180(the)-180(most)-181(skilful)-180(for)-180(his)-181(own)-180(guidance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.739 3.959 Td [(266)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.928 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(terror)-356(of)-355(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.292 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-356(last)-355(days)-356(was)-356(heightened)-356(by)-355(a)-356(horoscope,)]TJ -85.925 -13.549 Td [(which)-187(long)-188(before)-187(had)-187(foretold)-187(the)-188(time)-187(and)-187(manner)-187(of)-188(his)-187(end.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(267)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Holding)-275(such)-276(a)-275(faith)-275(as)-275(this,)-282(it)-275(is)-275(little)-276(wonder)-275(that)-275(the)-275(emperors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-281(dread)-280(its)-281(effect)-280(on)-281(rivals)-281(who)-280(were)-281(equally)-280(credulous,)-288(or)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([46])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(that)-250(superstition,)-251(working)-250(on)-251(ambitious)-250(hopes,)-251(should)-250(have)-250(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-218(nurse)-217(of)-218(treason.)-239(Thus)-217(the)-218(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 166.253 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-218(uncertai)1(n)-218(position)-218(made)]TJ -169.886 -13.549 Td [(him)-251(ready)-251(to)-251(suspect)-250(and)-251(anticipate)-251(a)-251(treachery)-251(which)-251(may)-250(often)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-243(had)-244(no)-243(existence.)-248(The)-244(objects)-243(of)-243(his)-244(fears)-243(in)-244(their)-243(turn)-243(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(driven)-413(into)-414(conspiracy,)-454(sometimes)-413(in)-413(self-defence,)-454(sometimes)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.888 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 158.992 Td [(259)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(ii.)-250(32;)-250(xii.)-250(52;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(49.)-250(43;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(66.)-250(10,)-250(9;)-250(Suet)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 197.028 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(lxiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -262.029 -7.311 Td [(260)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(lxix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.575 -7.311 Td [(261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xii.)-250(52.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.31 Td [(262)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxxvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.064 -7.311 Td [(263)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.591 -7.31 Td [(264)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(xiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.571 -7.395 Td [(265)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ne)-250(Vitellius)-250(Germanicus)-250(intra)-250(eundem)-250(kalendarum)-250(diem)-250(usquam)-250(esset.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(266)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(66.)-250(10,)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 403 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 404 0 R /Resources 402 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 397 0 R >> endobj 405 0 obj << /D [403 0 R /XYZ 270.028 247.191 null] >> endobj 402 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 408 0 obj << /Length 4680 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(58)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(from)-359(the)-359(wish)-360(to)-359(seize)-359(a)-359(prize)-360(which)-359(seemed)-359(not)-359(beyond)-359(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grasp.)-239(Gossip,)-224(lampoon,)-223(and)-217(epigram)-217(redoubled)-217(suspicion,)-223(while)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-362(retaliated)-363(offences.)-586(And)-363(cruel)-362(repression)-362(either)-362(increased)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-244(danger)-243(of)-244(revolt)-243(in)-244(the)-244(more)-243(daring,)-245(or)-244(the)-243(degradation)-244(of)-243(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-250(timorous.)]TJ 11.956 -18.621 Td [(In)-306(the)-306(eyes)-307(of)-306(Tacitus,)-320(the)-306(most)-307(terrible)-306(result)-306(of)-306(the)-306(tyranny)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(the)-334(bad)-334(emperors)-334(was)-334(the)-334(fawning)-334(servility)-334(of)-334(a)-334(once)-334(proud)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order,)-495(and)-446(their)-446(craven)-445(treachery)-446(in)-446(the)-446(hour)-446(of)-446(danger.)-837(He)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-373(painted)-373(it)-373(with)-372(all)-373(the)-373(concentrated)-373(power)-373(of)-373(loathing)-372(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pity.)-630(It)-376(is)-377(this)-377(almost)-376(personal)-377(degradation)-376(which)-377(inspires)-376(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ruthless,)-284(yet)-277(haughtily)-277(restrained,)-283(force)-277(with)-277(which)-277(he)-277(blasts)-277(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-276(the)-276(memory)-275(of)-276(the)-276(Julio-Claudian)-276(despotism.)-327(It)-276(was)-276(in)-275(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-401(that)-400(he)-401(penned)-401(the)-400(opening)-401(chapters)-401(of)-400(his)-401(chronicle)-400(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-268(physical)-269(and)-268(moral)-268(horrors)-269(of)-268(the)-268(year)-269(in)-268(which)-268(that)-268(tyranny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(closed.)-790(The)-430(voice)-430(of)-430(history)-430(has)-430(been)-430(silenced)-430(or)-430(perverted,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(partly)-264(by)-265(the)-264(ignorance)-265(of)-264(public)-264(affairs,)-268(partly)-265(by)-264(the)-264(eagerness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-291(adulation,)-300(or)-291(the)-290(bitterness)-291(of)-290(hatred.)-372(It)-290(was)-290(an)-291(age)-290(darkened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-347(external)-347(disasters,)-372(save)-347(on)-347(the)-348(eastern)-347(frontier,)-371(by)-347(seditions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-307(civil)-308(war,)-321(and)-307(the)-308(bloody)-307(death)-307(of)-307(four)-307(princes.)-422(The)-307(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-376(nature)-375(seemed)-376(to)-376(unite)-375(with)-376(the)-375(rage)-376(of)-376(men)-375(to)-376(deepen)-375(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universal)-242(tragedy.)-248(Italy)-242(was)-242(overwhelmed)-243(with)-242(calamities)-242(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-467(been)-466(unknown)-467(for)-466(many)-467(ages;)-574(Campania)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 212.284 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-467(fairest)-466(cities)]TJ -215.917 -13.549 Td [(were)-372(swallowed)-372(up;)-433(Rome)-371(itself)-372(had)-372(been)-372(wasted)-372(by)-372(fire;)-432(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ancient)-251(Capitol)-250(was)-251(given)-250(to)-250(the)-251(flames)-250(by)-251(the)-250(hands)-251(of)-250(citizens.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Polluted)-399(altars,)-435(adultery)-399(in)-399(high)-398(places,)-436(the)-399(islands)-398(of)-399(the)-398(sea)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crowded)-281(with)-280(exiles,)-288(rank)-281(and)-281(wealth)-280(and)-281(virtue)-280(made)-281(the)-280(mark)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-271(a)-272(cruel)-271(jealousy,)-276(all)-272(this)-271(forms)-271(an)-272(awful)-271(picture.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.434 3.959 Td [(268)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.877 -3.959 Td [(But)-271(even)]TJ -241.311 -13.549 Td [(more)-353(repulsive)-353(is)-353(the)-353(spectacle)-353(of)-353(treachery)-353(rewarded)-353(with)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(highest)-284(place,)-292(slaves)-284(and)-284(clients)-283(betraying)-284(their)-284(master)-284(for)-283(gain,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-364(men)-364(without)-364(an)-364(enemy)-364(ruined)-364(by)-364(their)-364(friends.)-592(When)-363(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spotless)-425(Octavia,)-468(overwhelmed)-425(by)-425(the)-425(foulest)-425(calumnies,)-468(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-348(tortured)-348(to)-349(death,)-372(to)-349(satisfy)-348(the)-348(jealousy)-348(of)-348(an)-348(adulteress,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 69.951 Td [(268)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 407 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 408 0 R /Resources 406 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 397 0 R >> endobj 406 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 411 0 obj << /Length 5250 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(59)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(offerings)-461(were)-462(voted)-461(to)-462(the)-461(temples.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.469 3.959 Td [(269)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.098 -3.959 Td [(And)-461(Tacitus)-462(grimly)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.457 0 Td [([47])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(requests)-367(his)-367(readers)-368(to)-367(presume)-367(that,)-397(as)-367(often)-367(as)-367(a)-367(banishment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-299(execution)-299(was)-299(ordered)-299(by)-299(Nero,)-311(so)-299(often)-299(were)-298(thanksgivings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offered)-197(to)-197(the)-198(gods.)-232(The)-197(horrors)-197(of)-198(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 171.454 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-197(remorse)-197(for)-198(the)-197(murder)]TJ -175.087 -13.55 Td [(of)-306(Agrippina)-307(were)-306(soothed)-307(by)-306(the)-307(flatteries)-306(and)-306(congratulations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-368(his)-367(staff,)-397(and)-368(the)-367(grateful)-368(sacrifices)-368(which)-367(were)-368(offered)-367(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-280(deliverance)-279(by)-280(the)-280(Campanian)-279(towns.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.983 3.959 Td [(270)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.15 -3.959 Td [(Still,)-287(the)-280(notes)-279(of)-280(a)]TJ -197.133 -13.549 Td [(funereal)-334(trumpet)-334(and)-334(ghostly)-334(wailings)-334(from)-334(his)-334(mother)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 244.881 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-334(grave)]TJ -248.513 -13.549 Td [(were)-212(ever)-212(in)-212(his)-212(ears,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.728 3.958 Td [(271)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.849 -3.958 Td [(and)-212(he)-212(long)-212(doubted)-212(the)-212(reception)-212(which)]TJ -105.577 -13.55 Td [(he)-387(might)-388(meet)-387(with)-387(on)-387(his)-387(return)-388(to)-387(the)-387(capital.)-662(He)-387(need)-387(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-295(had)-294(any)-295(anxiety.)-384(Senate)-294(and)-295(people)-295(vied)-294(with)-295(one)-294(another)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-267(self-abasement.)-301(He)-266(was)-267(welcomed)-267(by)-267(all)-267(ranks)-267(and)-267(ages)-266(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fawning)-403(enthusiasm)-404(as)-403(he)-404(passed)-403(along)-404(in)-403(triumphal)-403(progress)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-349(return)-349(thanks)-349(on)-349(the)-349(Capitol)-349(for)-349(the)-349(success)-349(of)-349(an)-349(unnatural)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(crime.)]TJ 11.956 -16.979 Td [(The)-424(Pisonian)-423(conspiracy)-424(against)-424(Nero)-423(was)-424(undoubtedly)-423(an)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(important)-437(and)-438(serious)-437(event.)-812(Some)-438(of)-437(the)-438(greatest)-437(names)-437(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-329(Roman)-329(aristocracy)-330(were)-329(involved)-329(in)-329(it,)-349(and)-329(the)-329(man)-329(whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-351(would)-351(have)-351(placed)-350(on)-351(the)-351(throne,)-376(if)-351(not)-351(altogether)-350(untainted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-291(the)-291(excesses)-291(of)-291(his)-291(time,)-301(had)-291(some)-291(imposing)-291(qualities)-291(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-247(make)-247(him)-248(seem)-247(a)-247(worthy)-247(competitor)-247(for)-248(the)-247(principate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(272)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(But,)-393(to)-365(Tacitus,)-393(the)-365(conspiracy)-364(seems)-365(to)-364(be)-365(chiefly)-364(interesting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-329(a)-328(damning)-329(proof)-329(of)-328(the)-329(degradation)-329(of)-328(the)-329(aristocracy)-328(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-441(reign)-441(of)-440(terror.)-823(Epicharis,)-488(the)-441(poor)-441(freedwoman)-441(of)-440(light)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character,)-500(who)-450(bore)-449(the)-450(accumulating)-450(torture)-450(of)-450(scourge)-449(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rack)-483(and)-484(fire,)-542(and)-483(the)-483(dislocation)-484(of)-483(every)-483(limb,)-542(is)-483(brought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-372(pathetic)-372(contrast)-372(with)-372(the)-372(high-born)-372(senators)-372(and)-372(knights,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who,)-275(without)-271(any)-270(compulsion)-270(of)-271(torture,)-275(betrayed)-270(their)-270(relatives)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-330(friends.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 52.375 3.959 Td [(273)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.798 -3.959 Td [(Scaevinus,)-350(a)-330(man)-330(of)-330(the)-330(highest)-330(rank,)-350(knowing)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.43 Td [(269)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(64.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.311 Td [(270)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(10,)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(271)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(10;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.068 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxxiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.659 -7.31 Td [(272)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.311 Td [(273)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(57.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 410 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 411 0 R /Resources 409 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 397 0 R >> endobj 412 0 obj << /D [410 0 R /XYZ 178.574 518.175 null] >> endobj 409 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 415 0 obj << /Length 5211 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(60)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(himself)-263(betrayed)-263(by)-262(his)-263(freedman)-263(and)-263(a)-263(Roman)-262(knight,)-266(revealed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-205(whole)-204(plot.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.161 3.959 Td [(274)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.016 -3.959 Td [(The)-205(poet)-204(Lucan)-205(tried)-205(in)-204(vain)-205(to)-205(purchase)-205(safety)]TJ -79.177 -13.549 Td [(by)-406(involving)-406(his)-406(own)-406(mother.)-718(But)-406(Nero)-406(was)-406(inexorable,)-444(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(poet)-265(died)-266(worthily,)-269(reciting)-265(some)-266(verses)-265(from)-266(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 234.867 0 Td [(Pharsalia)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.036 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.55 Td [(which)-273(describe)-273(a)-274(similar)-273(end.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.56 3.959 Td [(275)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.939 -3.959 Td [(The)-273(scenes)-273(which)-274(followed)-273(the)]TJ -144.499 -13.549 Td [(massacre)-202(are)-202(an)-203(awful)-202(revelation)-202(of)-202(cowardly)-202(sycophancy.)-234(While)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-373(streets)-372(were)-373(thronged)-372(with)-373(the)-372(funerals)-373(of)-373(the)-372(victims,)-403(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([48])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(altars)-312(on)-313(the)-312(Capitol)-313(were)-312(smoking)-312(with)-313(sacrifices)-312(of)-312(gratitude.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(One)-429(craven)-429(after)-428(another,)-474(when)-429(he)-428(heard)-429(of)-429(the)-429(murder)-429(of)-428(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(brother)-265(or)-265(a)-266(dear)-265(friend,)-269(would)-265(deck)-265(his)-265(house)-265(with)-265(laurels,)-269(and,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(falling)-284(at)-285(the)-284(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.346 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-284(feet,)-293(cover)-285(his)-284(hand)-284(with)-285(kisses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.382 3.959 Td [(276)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.305 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(Senate)-402(prostrated)-403(themselves)-402(before)-403(Nero)-402(when,)-441(stung)-402(by)-402(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popular)-273(indignation,)-278(he)-273(appeared)-273(to)-272(justify)-273(his)-273(deed.)-318(The)-272(august)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(body)-253(voted)-253(him)-253(thanksgivings)-253(and)-252(honours.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.067 3.958 Td [(277)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.275 -3.958 Td [(The)-253(consul)-253(elect,)]TJ -206.342 -13.55 Td [(one)-448(of)-449(the)-448(Anician)-449(house,)-498(proposed)-448(that)-448(a)-449(temple)-448(should)-448(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(built)-417(with)-417(all)-417(speed)-417(to)-417(the)-417(divine)-417(Nero!)-751(Tacitus)-417(relieves)-417(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ghastly)-353(spectacle)-353(of)-353(effeminate)-353(cowardice)-353(by)-353(a)-353(scene)-353(which)-352(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-351(intended,)-376(by)-352(way)-351(of)-351(contrast,)-376(to)-351(save)-351(the)-351(tradition)-351(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-270(dignity.)-312(Vestinus,)-275(the)-271(consul)-270(of)-271(that)-270(fatal)-270(year,)-276(had)-270(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-437(boon)-437(companion)-437(of)-436(the)-437(emperor,)-484(and)-437(had)-437(shown)-436(contempt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-336(his)-337(cowardice)-336(in)-337(dangerous)-336(banter.)-510(Nero)-336(was)-337(eager)-336(to)-336(find)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-275(implicated)-275(in)-276(the)-275(plot,)-281(but)-275(no)-276(evidence)-275(of)-275(his)-275(guilt)-275(could)-275(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obtained.)-240(All)-221(legal)-220(forms)-221(at)-220(length)-221(were)-220(flung)-221(aside,)-226(and)-221(a)-220(cohort)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-369(ordered)-368(to)-369(surround)-368(his)-369(house.)-605(Vestinus)-369(was)-368(at)-369(dinner)-368(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-241(palace)-242(which)-241(towered)-241(over)-242(the)-241(Forum,)-243(surrounded)-241(by)-241(guests,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-235(a)-235(train)-236(of)-235(handsome)-235(slaves)-235(in)-236(waiting,)-238(when)-235(he)-235(received)-235(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mandate.)-635(He)-378(rose)-379(at)-378(once)-378(from)-379(table,)-410(and)-378(shut)-379(himself)-378(in)-378(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chamber)-211(with)-212(his)-211(physician,)-219(lancet)-211(in)-211(hand,)-220(by)-211(his)-211(side.)-237(His)-211(veins)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-256(opened,)-258(and,)-258(without)-257(a)-256(word)-257(of)-256(self-pity,)-258(Vestinus)-256(allowed)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.394 Td [(274)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(275)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(70;)-250(probably)-250(Lucan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 88.157 0 Td [(Phars.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(iii.)-250(638.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -137.72 -7.31 Td [(276)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(71.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.311 Td [(277)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(73.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 414 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 415 0 R /Resources 413 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 397 0 R >> endobj 416 0 obj << /D [414 0 R /XYZ 360.842 436.88 null] >> endobj 413 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 419 0 obj << /Length 5469 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(61)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(his)-250(life)-250(to)-250(ebb)-250(away)-250(in)-250(the)-250(bath.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.953 3.959 Td [(278)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -124.997 -21.98 Td [(Vestinus,)-219(after)-211(all,)-219(only)-211(asserted,)-219(in)-211(the)-211(fashion)-211(of)-211(the)-212(time,)-218(his)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(right)-221(to)-220(choose)-221(the)-220(manner)-221(of)-220(a)-221(death)-220(which)-221(could)-220(not)-221(be)-220(evaded.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-457(Tacitus,)-508(here)-457(and)-457(there,)-508(gives)-457(glimpses)-457(of)-456(self-sacrifice,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(courageous)-483(loyalty)-483(and)-483(humanity,)-541(which)-483(save)-483(his)-483(picture)-483(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(society)-218(from)-218(utter)-217(gloom.)-240(The)-217(love)-218(and)-218(devotion)-218(of)-218(women)-217(shine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(out)-269(more)-270(brightly)-269(than)-269(ever)-269(against)-270(the)-269(background)-269(of)-269(baseness.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tender)-341(women)-341(follow)-340(their)-341(husbands)-341(or)-341(brothers)-340(into)-341(exile,)-363(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-325(found)-325(ready)-326(to)-325(share)-325(their)-325(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.146 3.959 Td [(279)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.642 -3.959 Td [(Even)-325(the)-325(slave)-326(girls)-325(of)]TJ -179.788 -13.549 Td [(Octavia)-238(brave)-239(torture)-238(and)-239(death)-238(in)-238(their)-239(hardy)-238(defence)-239(of)-238(her)-238(fair)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fame.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.535 3.958 Td [(280)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.497 -3.958 Td [(There)-260(is)-259(no)-260(more)-260(pathetic)-259(story)-260(of)-260(female)-259(heroism)-260(than)]TJ -40.032 -13.55 Td [(that)-284(of)-284(Politta,)-293(the)-284(daughter)-284(of)-284(L.)-284(Vetus.)-352(He)-284(had)-284(been)-284(colleague)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-344(the)-345(emperor)-344(in)-344(the)-344(consulship,)-368(but)-344(he)-345(had)-344(the)-344(misfortune)-344(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-348(father-in-law)-349(of)-348(Rubellius)-348(Plautus,)-373(whose)-349(lofty)-348(descent)-348(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([49])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(popularity)-455(drew)-455(down)-455(the)-455(sentence)-455(of)-454(death,)-507(even)-454(in)-455(distant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exile.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.934 3.958 Td [(281)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.399 -3.958 Td [(Politta)-287(had)-288(clasped)-287(the)-287(bleeding)-287(neck)-287(of)-288(Plautus)-287(in)-287(her)]TJ -40.334 -13.55 Td [(arms,)-355(and)-335(nursed)-334(her)-335(sorrow)-334(in)-334(an)-335(austere)-334(widowhood.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.326 3.959 Td [(282)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.941 -3.959 Td [(She)]TJ -264.266 -13.549 Td [(now)-223(besieged)-222(the)-223(doors)-222(of)-223(Nero)-223(with)-222(prayers,)-228(and)-223(even)-222(menaces,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-336(her)-337(father)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.428 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-336(acquittal.)-509(Vetus)-336(himself)-337(was)-336(of)-336(the)-337(nobler)-336(sort)]TJ -63.06 -13.549 Td [(of)-315(Roman)-316(men,)-332(who)-316(even)-315(then)-316(were)-315(not)-316(extinct.)-446(When)-316(he)-315(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(advised,)-473(in)-428(order)-429(to)-428(save)-428(the)-429(remnant)-428(of)-428(his)-429(property)-428(for)-428(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(grandchildren,)-386(to)-359(make)-360(the)-359(emperor)-359(chief)-359(heir,)-386(he)-359(spurned)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(servile)-247(proposal,)-248(divided)-248(his)-247(ready)-247(money)-248(among)-247(his)-247(slaves,)-248(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prepared)-312(for)-313(the)-312(end.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.914 3.959 Td [(283)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.222 -3.959 Td [(When)-312(all)-313(hope)-312(was)-313(abandoned,)-328(father,)]TJ -110.136 -13.549 Td [(grandmother,)-272(and)-268(daughter)-268(opened)-267(their)-268(veins)-268(and)-268(died)-267(together)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-306(the)-306(bath.)-417(Plautius)-306(Lateranus)-306(met)-306(his)-306(end)-306(with)-306(the)-305(same)-306(stern)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dignity.)-225(Forbidden)-177(even)-177(to)-176(give)-177(a)-176(last)-177(embrace)-176(to)-177(his)-176(children,)-191(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dragged)-275(to)-276(the)-275(scene)-275(of)-276(servile)-275(executions,)-282(he)-275(died)-276(in)-275(silence)-275(by)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.549 Td [(278)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(68,)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(279)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(16;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.586 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(63.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.601 -7.31 Td [(280)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(60.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.311 Td [(281)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(22,)-250(57.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.31 Td [(282)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(283)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(11.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 418 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 419 0 R /Resources 417 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 421 0 R >> endobj 420 0 obj << /D [418 0 R /XYZ 121.616 337.564 null] >> endobj 417 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 424 0 obj << /Length 5398 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(62)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-186(hand)-185(of)-186(a)-185(man)-186(who)-185(was)-186(an)-186(undiscovered)-185(partner)-186(in)-185(the)-186(plot.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(284)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Even)-270(the)-271(mob)-270(of)-271(Rome,)-275(for)-270(whose)-271(fickle)-270(baseness)-271(Tacitus)-270(has)-270(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profound)-216(scorn,)-223(now)-216(and)-217(then)-216(reveal)-216(a)-216(wholesome)-216(moral)-216(feeling.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(When)-196(Octavia,)-207(on)-196(a)-197(trumped-up)-196(charge)-196(of)-196(adultery,)-207(was)-196(divorced)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-319(banished)-318(by)-319(Nero,)-335(the)-319(clamour)-318(of)-319(the)-318(populace)-319(forced)-318(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-252(recall)-253(her)-252(for)-253(a)-252(time,)-253(and)-253(the)-252(mob)-252(went)-253(so)-252(far)-253(in)-252(their)-252(virtuous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enthusiasm)-208(as)-207(to)-208(overthrow)-207(the)-207(statues)-208(of)-207(the)-208(adulteress)-207(Poppaea,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-278(crown)-279(the)-278(images)-278(of)-278(Octavia)-279(with)-278(flowers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.355 3.959 Td [(285)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.105 -3.959 Td [(Perhaps)-278(even)]TJ -222.46 -13.549 Td [(more)-235(striking)-235(is)-236(the)-235(humane)-235(feeling)-235(displayed)-235(towards)-235(the)-235(slaves)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-258(the)-258(urban)-259(prefect,)-260(Pedanius)-258(Secundus.)-275(He)-258(had)-258(been)-258(murdered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-418(a)-419(slave,)-460(and)-419(the)-418(ancient)-419(law)-418(required,)-461(in)-418(such)-418(a)-419(case,)-460(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(execution)-262(of)-262(the)-262(whole)-263(household.)-286(The)-262(proposal)-262(to)-262(carry)-262(out)-262(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cruel)-370(custom)-370(drove)-370(the)-370(populace)-370(almost)-370(to)-370(revolt.)-610(And)-370(it)-370(is)-370(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(relief)-218(to)-219(find)-218(that)-219(a)-218(strong)-219(minority)-218(of)-218(the)-219(Senate)-218(were)-219(on)-218(the)-218(side)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-290(humanity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.195 3.959 Td [(286)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.494 -3.959 Td [(But)-290(the)-290(army,)-301(above)-290(all)-290(other)-290(classes,)-300(still)-290(bred)]TJ -72.689 -13.549 Td [(a)-315(rough,)-331(honest)-316(virtue.)-445(It)-315(was)-315(left,)-331(amid)-315(the)-315(general)-315(effeminate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cowardice,)-461(for)-419(a)-418(tribune)-419(of)-418(a)-419(pretorian)-419(cohort)-418(to)-419(tell)-419(Nero)-418(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-273(face)-274(that)-273(he)-273(loathed)-273(him)-274(as)-273(a)-273(murderer)-273(and)-274(an)-273(incendiary.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(287)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Again)-351(and)-352(again,)-376(in)-352(that)-351(terrible)-352(year,)-376(when)-352(great)-351(nobles)-351(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(flattering)-256(the)-255(Emperor,)-257(whom)-256(in)-255(a)-256(few)-255(days)-256(or)-255(hours)-256(they)-255(meant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-215(desert,)-221(the)-215(common)-214(soldiers)-215(remained)-215(true)-214(to)-215(the)-214(death)-215(of)-214(their)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([50])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(unworthy)-355(chiefs.)-564(When)-355(Otho)-355(redeemed)-355(a)-354(tainted)-355(life)-355(by)-355(a)-354(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ignoble)-400(end,)-436(the)-400(pretorians)-399(kissed)-400(his)-400(wounds,)-436(bore)-400(him)-399(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tears)-229(to)-229(burial,)-233(and)-230(many)-229(killed)-229(themselves)-229(over)-229(his)-229(corpse.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 256.438 3.959 Td [(288)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.105 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(the)-320(storming)-320(of)-320(the)-320(pretorian)-320(camp)-320(by)-320(the)-320(troops)-320(of)-320(Vespasian,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-422(soldiers)-423(of)-422(Vitellius,)-465(outnumbered)-423(and)-422(doomed)-422(to)-422(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(defeat,)-250(fell)-250(to)-250(a)-250(man)-250(with)-250(all)-250(their)-250(wounds)-250(in)-250(front.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.971 3.959 Td [(289)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -208.015 -17.508 Td [(To)-523(these)-523(faithful,)-591(though)-523(often)-523(bloodthirsty,)-591(warriors)-523(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.592 Td [(284)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(60.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(285)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(61.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(286)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.48 0 Td [(xiv.)-232(42,)-208(senatusque)-198(obsessus)-197(in)-197(quo)-198(ipso)-197(erant)-198(studia)-197(nimiam)-197(severitatem)]TJ -23.436 -10.959 Td [(aspernantium.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(287)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(67.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(288)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(49.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.06 -7.311 Td [(289)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(84.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 423 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 424 0 R /Resources 422 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 421 0 R >> endobj 425 0 obj << /D [423 0 R /XYZ 354.177 247.191 null] >> endobj 422 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 428 0 obj << /Length 5625 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(63)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(senators)-591(and)-591(knights)-591(of)-591(those)-591(days)-591(offered)-591(a)-591(contemptible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contrast.)-245(Often)-234(the)-234(inheritors)-234(of)-235(great)-234(names)-234(and)-234(great)-234(traditions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-274(mass)-273(of)-274(them)-273(knew)-274(nothing)-273(of)-274(arms)-273(or)-274(the)-273(military)-274(virtue)-273(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-324(ancestors.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.856 3.958 Td [(290)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.615 -3.958 Td [(Sunk)-324(in)-325(sloth)-324(and)-325(enervated)-324(by)-324(excess,)-343(they)]TJ -84.471 -13.55 Td [(followed)-314(Otho)-313(to)-314(the)-313(battlefield)-314(on)-313(the)-313(Po)-314(with)-313(their)-314(cooks)-313(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minions)-278(and)-278(all)-278(the)-278(apparatus)-278(of)-278(luxury.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.456 3.959 Td [(291)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.099 -3.959 Td [(In)-278(the)-278(rapid)-278(changes)]TJ -191.555 -13.549 Td [(of)-393(fortune,)-428(from)-392(Galba)-393(to)-392(Otho,)-429(from)-392(Otho)-393(to)-392(Vitellius,)-428(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vitellius)-172(to)-171(Vespasian,)-188(the)-171(great)-172(nobles)-172(had)-171(one)-172(guiding)-171(principle,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-391(determination)-392(to)-391(be)-392(on)-391(the)-392(winning)-391(side.)-674(It)-392(was)-391(indeed)-391(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(puzzling)-305(and)-305(anxious)-304(time)-305(for)-305(a)-305(calculating)-304(selfishness,)-319(when)-304(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reign)-239(might)-238(not)-239(last)-238(for)-239(a)-239(month,)-240(and)-239(when)-239(the)-238(adulation)-239(of)-238(Otho)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-197(Vitellius)-198(in)-197(the)-198(Senate-house)-197(was)-197(disturbed)-198(by)-197(the)-198(sound)-197(of)-197(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legions)-291(advancing)-291(from)-291(East)-291(and)-291(West.)-373(But)-291(the)-291(supple)-290(cowards)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-348(the)-347(Senate)-348(proved)-347(equal)-348(to)-348(the)-347(strain.)-543(They)-348(had)-347(the)-348(skill)-347(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(flatter)-279(their)-278(momentary)-279(master)-278(without)-278(any)-279(compromising)-278(word)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-387(his)-387(probable)-386(successor.)-661(They)-386(soothed)-387(the)-387(anxieties)-386(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vitellius)-358(with)-358(unstinted)-358(adulation,)-385(yet)-358(carefully)-358(refrained)-358(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anything)-378(reflecting)-378(on)-378(the)-378(Flavianist)-378(leaders.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.507 3.959 Td [(292)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.372 -3.959 Td [(Within)-378(a)-378(few)]TJ -220.879 -13.549 Td [(months,)-543(full)-485(of)-485(joy)-485(and)-484(hope,)-544(which)-485(were)-484(now)-485(at)-485(last)-484(well)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(founded,)-363(they)-340(were)-340(voting)-340(all)-340(the)-340(customary)-340(honours)-340(of)-340(a)-340(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(principate)-452(to)-451(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.53 3.959 Td [(293)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.779 -3.959 Td [(The)-452(terror)-451(of)-452(Tiberius,)-502(Caligula,)]TJ -131.309 -13.549 Td [(and)-396(Nero)-397(had)-396(done)-397(its)-396(work)-396(effectually.)-689(And)-397(its)-396(worst)-396(result)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-374(the)-374(hopeless)-374(self-abandonment)-374(and)-374(sluggish)-374(cowardice)-374(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-316(class,)-333(whose)-317(chief)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 92.443 0 Td [(raison)-316(d)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 36.788 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(\352tre)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.414 0 Td [(in)-316(every)-317(age)-316(is)-316(to)-317(maintain)-316(a)]TJ -153.278 -13.55 Td [(tradition)-304(of)-304(gallant)-303(dignity.)-412(It)-304(is)-304(true)-303(that)-304(many)-304(of)-304(the)-304(scions)-303(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-369(houses)-369(were)-369(mere)-368(mendicants,)-399(ruined)-369(by)-369(confiscation)-368(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prodigality,)-335(and)-318(compelled)-318(to)-319(live)-318(on)-318(the)-318(pension)-318(by)-318(which)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor)-235(kept)-235(them)-235(in)-235(shameful)-234(dependence,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.462 3.959 Td [(294)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.049 -3.959 Td [(or)-235(on)-235(the)-235(meaner)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.388 Td [(290)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(88,)-250(segnis)-250(et)-250(oblita)-250(bellorum)-250(nobilitas,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(291)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(88.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(292)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.898 0 Td [(iii.)-248(37,)-245(nulla)-244(in)-244(oratione)-244(cujusquam)-244(erga)-244(Flavianos)-244(duces)-244(obtrectatio;)-246(cf.)]TJ -23.853 -10.959 Td [(i.)-250(90;)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Acta)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Arval)-250(College,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 140.7 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2051)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -163.369 -7.31 Td [(293)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(294)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(x.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xvii.;)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.339 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(7,)-250(\247)-250(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 427 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 428 0 R /Resources 426 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 421 0 R >> endobj 426 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 431 0 obj << /Length 5937 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(64)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(dole)-313(of)-312(some)-313(wealthy)-313(patron.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 129.686 3.959 Td [(295)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.234 -3.959 Td [(A)-313(Valerius)-312(Messala,)-329(grandson)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -219.675 0 Td [([51])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-297(the)-296(great)-296(Corvinus,)-309(had)-296(to)-297(accept)-296(a)-296(pension)-297(from)-296(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 256.052 3.959 Td [(296)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.702 -3.959 Td [(A)]TJ -272.754 -13.549 Td [(grandson)-206(of)-206(Hortensius)-206(had)-207(to)-206(endure)-206(the)-206(contempt)-206(of)-206(Tiberius)-206(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obtaining)-287(a)-288(grant)-287(for)-287(his)-288(sons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.723 3.958 Td [(297)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.402 -3.958 Td [(Others)-287(were)-288(unmanned)-287(by)-287(the)]TJ -148.125 -13.55 Td [(voluptuous)-334(excesses)-334(of)-335(an)-334(age)-334(which)-334(had)-334(carried)-334(the)-334(ingenuity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-331(sensual)-331(allurement)-331(to)-331(its)-331(utmost)-331(limits.)-493(The)-331(hopelessness)-331(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-412(struggle)-411(with)-412(a)-411(power)-412(so)-411(vast)-412(as)-411(that)-412(of)-411(the)-412(emperor,)-451(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ruthless)-349(and)-350(wildly)-349(capricious)-350(as)-349(that)-349(of)-350(the)-349(Claudian)-349(Caesars,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reduced)-329(many)-330(to)-329(despairing)-330(apathy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.889 3.958 Td [(298)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.781 -3.958 Td [(And)-329(while,)-350(from)-329(a)-330(safe)]TJ -176.67 -13.55 Td [(historic)-323(distance,)-341(we)-322(pour)-323(our)-323(contempt)-322(on)-323(the)-323(cringing)-322(Senate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-266(the)-267(first)-266(century,)-270(it)-266(might)-267(be)-266(well)-266(to)-267(remind)-266(ourselves)-266(of)-266(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perils)-239(and)-238(their)-239(tortures.)-246(There)-239(was)-239(many)-238(a)-239(senatorial)-239(house,)-240(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-253(of)-254(the)-253(Pisos,)-254(whose)-254(leading)-253(members)-253(were)-254(never)-253(allowed)-253(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reach)-297(middle)-296(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.265 3.958 Td [(299)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.708 -3.958 Td [(Much)-297(should)-296(be)-297(forgiven)-297(to)-296(a)-297(class)-297(which)]TJ -94.973 -13.55 Td [(was)-344(daily)-345(and)-344(hourly)-344(exposed)-344(to)-345(such)-344(danger,)-368(so)-344(sudden)-344(in)-344(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(onsets,)-371(so)-347(secret)-348(and)-347(stealthy,)-371(so)-347(all-pervading.)-541(It)-347(might)-347(come)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-324(an)-323(open)-324(circumstantial)-323(indictment,)-342(with)-324(all)-324(the)-323(forms)-324(of)-323(law)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-258(the)-257(weight)-258(of)-257(suborned)-258(testimony;)-261(it)-258(might)-258(appear)-257(in)-258(a)-257(quiet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-288(for)-287(suicide;)-307(the)-287(stroke)-288(might)-287(descend)-288(at)-287(the)-288(farthest)-287(limits)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-259(the)-258(Empire,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.904 3.959 Td [(300)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.298 -3.959 Td [(in)-259(some)-258(retreat)-259(in)-258(Spain)-259(or)-259(Asia.)-275(The)-259(haunting)]TJ -78.202 -13.549 Td [(fear)-373(of)-374(death)-373(had)-374(an)-373(unnerving)-373(effect.)-620(But)-374(not)-373(less)-373(degrading)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-225(the)-225(outrages)-225(to)-225(Roman,)-230(or)-225(ordinary)-225(human)-225(dignity)-225(to)-225(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(noble)-294(order)-293(had)-293(to)-293(submit)-294(for)-293(more)-293(than)-293(a)-294(generation.)-379(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-285(seen)-284(their)-285(wives)-285(defiled)-285(or)-284(compelled)-285(to)-285(expose)-284(themselves)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-357(harlots)-356(in)-356(a)-357(foul)-356(spectacle,)-384(to)-356(gratify)-356(the)-357(diseased)-356(prurience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(the)-360(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.337 3.959 Td [(301)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.763 -3.959 Td [(They)-359(had)-360(been)-359(forced)-360(to)-359(fight)-360(in)-359(the)-360(arena)]TJ -88.1 -13.549 Td [(or)-371(to)-370(exhibit)-371(themselves)-370(on)-371(the)-370(tragic)-371(stage.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.884 3.959 Td [(302)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.126 -3.959 Td [(Men)-371(who)-370(had)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.685 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 147.788 Td [(295)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(100.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(296)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(34.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.311 Td [(297)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(37,)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(298)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.06 -7.31 Td [(299)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(33;)-250(cf.)-250(iii.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.293 -7.311 Td [(300)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(58.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.31 Td [(301)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxxvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.065 -7.311 Td [(302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(14;)-250(Juv.)-250(viii.)-250(193;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 101.634 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(xviii.)-250(xxx.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lix.)-250(10.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 430 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 431 0 R /Resources 429 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 421 0 R >> endobj 432 0 obj << /D [430 0 R /XYZ 154.68 518.175 null] >> endobj 429 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 435 0 obj << /Length 6528 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(65)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(borne)-377(the)-378(ancient)-377(honours)-378(of)-377(the)-377(consulship)-378(had)-377(been)-377(ordered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-309(run)-309(for)-309(miles)-309(beside)-309(the)-309(chariot)-309(of)-309(Caligula,)-324(or)-309(to)-309(wait)-309(at)-309(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feet)-344(at)-343(dinner.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.327 3.959 Td [(303)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.244 -3.959 Td [(Fathers)-344(had)-343(had)-344(to)-344(witness)-343(without)-344(flinching)]TJ -80.571 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(execution)-323(of)-324(their)-323(sons,)-342(and)-324(drink)-324(smilingly)-323(to)-324(the)-323(emperor)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-453(the)-454(evening)-453(of)-453(the)-454(fatal)-453(day.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.732 3.959 Td [(304)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.834 -3.959 Td [(The)-453(only)-454(safety)-453(at)-453(such)]TJ -170.566 -13.549 Td [(a)-362(court)-362(lay)-362(in)-361(calmly)-362(accepting)-362(insults)-362(with)-362(affected)-361(gratitude.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-423(example)-423(of)-423(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.659 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-423(debauchery,)-466(and)-423(the)-423(seductive)-423(charm)]TJ -102.292 -13.549 Td [(which)-366(he)-366(undoubtedly)-366(possessed,)-395(were)-366(probably)-366(as)-365(enfeebling)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([52])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(and)-441(demoralising)-441(as)-440(the)-441(Terror.)-823(He)-440(formed)-441(a)-441(school,)-488(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(laughed)-341(at)-341(all)-341(virtue)-341(and)-341(made)-341(self-indulgence)-341(a)-341(fine)-341(art.)-522(Men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-319(had)-319(shared)-319(in)-319(these)-319(obscene)-319(revels)-319(were)-319(the)-319(leaders)-319(in)-319(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(awful)-388(scenes)-388(of)-389(perfidy,)-422(lust,)-423(and)-388(cruelty)-388(which)-388(appropriately)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(followed)-297(the)-297(death)-297(of)-297(their)-298(patron.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.631 3.959 Td [(305)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.722 -3.959 Td [(Some)-297(of)-297(them,)-309(Petronius,)]TJ -168.353 -13.549 Td [(Otho,)-529(Vitellius,)-529(closed)-473(their)-473(career)-473(appropriately)-473(by)-473(a)-473(tragic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(death.)-249(But)-248(others)-248(lived)-248(on)-248(into)-248(the)-248(age)-247(of)-248(reformation,)-249(to)-247(defame)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(stout)-250(Sabine)-250(soldier)-250(who)-250(saved)-250(the)-250(Roman)-250(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.407 3.959 Td [(306)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -220.451 -17.508 Td [(In)-383(spite)-382(of)-383(the)-382(manly)-383(virtue)-382(and)-383(public)-382(spirit)-383(of)-382(Vespasian,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-279(Roman)-278(world)-279(had)-279(to)-278(endure)-279(a)-279(fierce)-278(ordeal)-279(before)-279(it)-278(entered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-488(the)-488(peace)-488(of)-489(the)-488(Antonine)-488(age.)-964(Even)-488(Vespasian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 245.011 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-488(reign)]TJ -248.643 -13.55 Td [(was)-378(troubled)-378(by)-378(conspiracy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 126.592 3.959 Td [(307)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.373 -3.959 Td [(His)-378(obscure)-378(origin)-378(moved)-378(the)]TJ -145.965 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-321(of)-321(the)-321(great)-322(senatorial)-321(houses)-321(who)-321(still)-321(survived.)-463(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(republican)-176(moderation)-176(gave)-175(the)-176(philosophic)-176(doctrinaires)-176(a)-175(chance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-161(airing)-161(their)-161(impossible)-161(dream)-161(of)-161(restoring)-161(a)-161(municipal)-161(Republic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-505(govern)-506(a)-505(world.)-1016(His)-505(conscientious)-505(frugality,)-569(which)-505(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(absolutely)-432(needed)-431(to)-432(retrieve)-431(the)-432(bankruptcy)-431(of)-432(the)-431(Neronian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(r\351gime,)-329(was)-313(despised)-313(and)-313(execrated)-313(both)-313(by)-313(the)-313(nobles)-313(and)-313(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mob.)-675(Another)-392(lesson)-392(was)-391(needed)-392(both)-392(by)-391(the)-392(Senate)-392(and)-391(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophers.)-547(Society)-349(had)-349(yet)-349(to)-349(be)-349(purged)-349(as)-349(by)-349(fire,)-373(and)-349(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.284 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 136.472 Td [(303)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(xxvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.546 -7.311 Td [(304)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.292 -7.394 Td [(305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(12;)-250(xvi.)-250(18;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 80.214 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -152.684 -7.352 Td [(306)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.895 0 Td [(Les)-295(\311v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.444 0 Td [(p.)-385(140.)-384(Some)-295(of)-295(their)-295(anonymous)-295(sneers)-295(may)-295(be)-295(traced)-295(in)]TJ -69.295 -10.958 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(xxiii.)-250(xiv.;)-250(cf.)-250(Duruy,)-250(iv.)-250(653.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -42.09 -7.311 Td [(307)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-427(Cass.)-783(66.)-782(16,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 72.4 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\265\262\277\305\273\265\315\270\267)-427(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.932 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.378 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\314)-427(\304\265)-428(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.787 0 Td [(\346)-427(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.376 0 Td [(\273\271\267\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.17 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.378 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)-427(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.015 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.298 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.32 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.083 -10.959 Td [(\234\261\301\272\255\273\273\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.038 0 Td [(.)-250(Cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.358 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xiv.;)-250(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.832 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(86.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 434 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 435 0 R /Resources 433 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 421 0 R >> endobj 436 0 obj << /D [434 0 R /XYZ 225.501 423.331 null] >> endobj 433 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 439 0 obj << /Length 6521 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(66)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(purging)-250(came)-250(with)-250(the)-250(accession)-250(of)-250(Domitian.)]TJ 11.956 -22.461 Td [(The)-385(inner)-385(secret)-385(of)-386(that)-385(sombre)-385(reign)-385(will)-385(probably)-385(remain)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(for)-313(ever)-313(a)-313(mystery.)-439(There)-313(is)-313(the)-313(same)-313(question)-313(about)-313(Domitian)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-345(there)-345(is)-345(about)-344(Tiberius.)-535(Was)-345(he)-344(bad)-345(from)-345(the)-345(beginning,)-368(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-411(he)-410(gradually)-411(corrupted)-410(by)-411(the)-410(consciousness)-411(of)-410(immense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.989 3.959 Td [(308)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.594 -3.959 Td [(and)-354(the)-353(fear)-354(of)-353(the)-354(great)-354(order)-353(who)-354(might)-353(challenge)]TJ -46.583 -13.549 Td [(it?)-317(Our)-272(authorities)-272(do)-272(not)-273(furnish)-272(a)-272(satisfying)-272(answer.)-317(We)-272(know)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Domitian)-359(only)-358(from)-359(the)-359(narrative)-359(of)-358(men)-359(steeped)-359(in)-358(senatorial)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(traditions)-326(and)-327(prejudices,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 111.653 3.959 Td [(309)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.223 -3.959 Td [(and,)-346(some)-326(of)-326(them,)-346(intoxicated)-326(by)]TJ -127.876 -13.549 Td [(the)-201(vision)-200(of)-201(a)-201(reconciliation)-200(of)-201(the)-201(principate)-200(with)-201(the)-200(republican)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideals.)-813(The)-437(dream)-438(was)-438(a)-437(noble)-438(one,)-484(and)-438(it)-438(was)-437(about)-438(to)-437(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(partially)-423(realised)-423(for)-422(three)-423(generations,)-466(under)-423(a)-423(succession)-422(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([53])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(good)-218(emperors.)-240(But)-218(the)-218(men)-219(inspired)-218(with)-218(such)-219(an)-218(ideal)-218(were)-218(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(likely)-304(to)-303(be)-304(impartial)-303(judges)-304(of)-304(an)-303(emperor)-304(like)-304(Domitian.)-410(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-362(from)-362(their)-362(narrative)-362(of)-361(his)-362(reign,)-390(we)-362(can)-362(see)-362(that)-362(he)-361(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not,)-331(at)-315(least)-314(in)-315(the)-315(early)-314(years)-315(of)-315(his)-315(reign,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.224 3.959 Td [(310)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.063 -3.959 Td [(the)-315(utter)-314(monster)]TJ -205.287 -13.549 Td [(he)-308(has)-309(been)-308(painted.)-426(Even)-308(severe)-309(judges)-308(in)-309(modern)-308(days)-308(admit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-214(he)-214(was)-215(an)-214(able)-214(and)-214(strenuous)-214(man,)-221(with)-215(a)-214(clear,)-221(cold,)-221(cynical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(intellect,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.877 3.959 Td [(311)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.391 -3.959 Td [(which)-265(recognised)-266(some)-265(of)-266(the)-265(great)-266(problems)-265(of)-266(the)]TJ -53.268 -13.549 Td [(time,)-296(and)-287(strove)-286(to)-287(solve)-287(them.)-360(He)-286(was)-287(indefatigable)-287(in)-286(judicial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(work.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.146 3.959 Td [(312)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.262 -3.959 Td [(In)-436(spite)-436(of)-435(the)-436(sneers)-436(at)-436(his)-436(mock)-436(triumphs,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.777 3.959 Td [(313)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.714 -3.959 Td [(his)]TJ -267.899 -13.549 Td [(military)-251(and)-250(provincial)-251(administration)-250(was)-251(probably)-250(guided)-251(by)-250(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sound)-209(conception)-209(of)-209(the)-210(resources)-209(and)-209(the)-209(dangers)-209(of)-209(the)-209(Empire.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(His)-278(recall)-278(of)-278(Agricola,)-285(after)-278(a)-278(seven)-278(years)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.356 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.665 0 Td [(command)-278(in)-278(Britain,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.197 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 169.385 Td [(308)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.324 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(169)-250(sqq.;)-250(Bury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.504 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Emp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.837 0 Td [(p.)-250(395.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -195.266 -7.311 Td [(309)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(On)-392(the)-392(sources)-391(of)-392(the)-392(history)-392(of)-391(the)-392(Flavians,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 175.125 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.735 0 Td [(Krause,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.465 0 Td [(De)-392(C.)-391(Sueton.)]TJ -228.28 -10.959 Td [(Tranq.)-264(Fontibus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.412 0 Td [(;)-257(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.244 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(,)-256(p.)-263(364,)-256(376;)-257(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 72.81 0 Td [(Gesch.)-264(Litt.)-263(d.)-264(Kaiserzeit)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 89.535 0 Td [(,)]TJ -278.388 -10.959 Td [(ii.)-256(69,)-253(70.)-256(For)-253(the)-252(senatorial)-252(attitude)-252(to)-252(Domitian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 178.339 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.484 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.994 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.412 0 Td [(48;)-253(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.71 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -264.939 -10.959 Td [(3,)-250(41,)-250(42,)-250(45;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.566 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(iv.)-250(51;)-250(iv.)-250(2;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.261 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xxiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -156.923 -7.31 Td [(310)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Nagel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Imp.)-250(T.)-250(Flav.)-250(Domitianus)-250(iniquius)-250(dijudicatus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 163.897 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -201.498 -7.311 Td [(311)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Meriv.)-250(vii.)-250(356.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(312)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(viii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.046 -7.311 Td [(313)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.97 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.949 0 Td [(39;)-253(cf.)-255(41,)-252(tot)-252(exercitus)-251(in)-252(Moesia)-252(...)-255(amissi.)-255(D.)-252(Cass.)-255(67.)-255(4,)-252(7;)-253(cf.)]TJ -47.874 -10.959 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(iv.)-250(3,)-250(153;)-250(Mart.)-250(ix.)-250(102;)-250(vii.)-250(80,)-250(91,)-250(95;)-250(Meriv.)-250(vii.)-250(347.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 438 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 439 0 R /Resources 437 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 421 0 R >> endobj 440 0 obj << /D [438 0 R /XYZ 173.055 360.222 null] >> endobj 441 0 obj << /D [438 0 R /XYZ 105.499 154.456 null] >> endobj 437 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 444 0 obj << /Length 6470 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(67)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(was)-265(attributed)-265(to)-266(jealousy)-265(and)-265(fear.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.525 3.959 Td [(314)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.679 -3.959 Td [(It)-265(is)-265(more)-266(probable)-265(that)-265(it)]TJ -169.204 -13.549 Td [(was)-299(dictated)-298(by)-299(a)-298(wish)-299(to)-298(stop)-298(a)-299(campaign)-298(which)-299(was)-298(diverting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(large)-200(sums)-200(to)-200(the)-200(conquest)-200(of)-200(barren)-200(mountains.)-233(Domitian)-200(was)-200(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(orator)-223(and)-222(verse)-223(writer)-222(of)-223(some)-222(merit,)-228(and)-223(he)-222(gave)-223(his)-222(patronage,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(although)-198(not)-198(in)-198(a)-198(very)-197(liberal)-198(way,)-209(to)-197(men)-198(like)-198(Quintilian,)-208(Statius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-267(Martial.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.512 3.959 Td [(315)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.743 -3.959 Td [(Like)-267(Nero,)-272(he)-267(felt)-267(the)-267(force)-267(of)-268(the)-267(new)-267(Hellenist)]TJ -69.255 -13.549 Td [(movement,)-237(and,)-237(under)-234(forms)-234(sanctioned)-234(by)-234(Roman)-234(antiquarians,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-376(established)-375(a)-376(quinquennial)-376(festival)-375(in)-376(which)-376(literary)-375(genius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-280(pompously)-281(rewarded.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.878 3.958 Td [(316)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.17 -3.958 Td [(He)-280(had)-280(the)-281(public)-280(libraries,)-288(which)]TJ -131.048 -13.55 Td [(had)-431(been)-431(devastated)-431(by)-431(fires)-431(in)-431(the)-430(previous)-431(reigns,)-476(liberally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(restocked)-425(with)-426(fresh)-425(stores)-426(of)-425(MSS.)-425(from)-426(Alexandria.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.99 3.959 Td [(317)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.92 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(gave)-341(close)-340(attention,)-364(whatever)-340(we)-341(may)-340(think)-341(of)-341(his)-340(science,)-363(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-292(economic)-293(problems)-292(of)-292(the)-292(Empire.)-377(And)-292(his)-292(discouragement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-349(the)-348(vine,)-373(in)-349(favour)-349(of)-348(a)-349(greater)-348(acreage)-349(of)-349(corn,)-373(would)-348(find)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sympathy)-345(in)-345(our)-346(own)-345(time,)-369(as)-345(it)-345(was)-345(applauded)-345(by)-345(Apollonius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-389(Tyana.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.325 3.959 Td [(318)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.742 -3.959 Td [(The)-389(man)-390(who)-389(decimated)-390(the)-389(Roman)-389(aristocracy)]TJ -63.067 -13.549 Td [(towards)-245(the)-246(end)-245(of)-245(his)-246(reign,)-246(advanced)-245(to)-246(high)-245(positions)-245(some)-245(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-294(who)-295(were)-294(destined)-295(to)-294(be)-295(his)-294(bitterest)-295(defamers.)-383(Pliny)-294(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus)-181(and)-182(Trajan)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.299 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-181(father)-182(rose)-181(to)-181(high)-182(office)-181(in)-182(the)-181(earlier)-181(part)-182(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.092 0 Td [([54])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.215 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-300(reign.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.663 3.959 Td [(319)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.824 -3.959 Td [(He)-300(designated)-300(to)-301(the)-300(consulship)-300(such)-300(men)]TJ -94.335 -13.549 Td [(as)-213(Nerva,)-220(Trajan,)-220(Verginius)-213(Rufus,)-220(Agricola,)-220(and)-213(the)-212(grandfather)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-349(Antoninus)-349(Pius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.68 3.959 Td [(320)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.414 -3.959 Td [(This)-349(strange)-349(character)-348(was)-349(also)-349(a)-349(moral)]TJ -102.094 -13.549 Td [(reformer)-384(of)-384(the)-384(antiquarian)-385(type.)-652(He)-384(punished)-384(erring)-384(Vestals,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-431(majorum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 66.515 0 Td [(.)-793(He)-432(revived)-431(the)-431(Scantinian)-431(law)-431(against)-431(those)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 187.401 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 180.588 Td [(314)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.562 -7.394 Td [(315)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Quintil.)-370(iv.,)-300(prooem.)-290(2;)-310(Statius,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 116.452 0 Td [(Silvae)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.913 0 Td [(,)-300(iv.)-370(2,)-300(13;)-310(iii.)-370(1,)-300(1;)-309(Mart.)-370(ii.)-370(91;)-310(iv.)]TJ -150.321 -10.959 Td [(27,)-250(iii.)-250(95.)-250(For)-250(the)-250(flattery)-250(of)-250(Martial,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 135.482 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.465 0 Td [(esp.)-250(v.)-250(19,)-250(6;)-250(ix.)-250(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.745 0 Td [(Spectac.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -244.81 -7.311 Td [(316)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.045 -7.31 Td [(317)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xx.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(318)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.;)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.831 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(vi.)-250(42;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.16 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.362 0 Td [(i.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -181.34 -7.311 Td [(319)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Pliny)-336(was)-335(probably)-336(Quaestor)-336(in)-336(90)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 131.127 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(;)-379(Trib.)-507(Pleb.)-507(92;)-378(Praetor)-336(93.)-507(Cf.)]TJ -159.06 -10.959 Td [(Momms.)-672(\050Morel\051)-391(p.)-672(61.)-672(Tacitus)-390(says,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 150.932 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.691 0 Td [(i.)-672(1,)-426(dignitatem)-391(a)-390(Domitiano)]TJ -171.623 -10.958 Td [(\05081-96\051)-281(longius)-281(provectam)-281(non)-281(abnuerim.)-343(From)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 175.803 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.206 0 Td [(xi.)-343(11)-281(it)-281(appears)-281(that)-281(he)]TJ -195.009 -10.959 Td [(was)-250(Praetor)-250(in)-250(88.)-250(Cf.)-250(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.346 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.837 0 Td [(ii.)-250(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -146.934 -7.311 Td [(320)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Duruy,)-250(iv.)-250(697)-250(n.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 443 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 444 0 R /Resources 442 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 447 0 R >> endobj 445 0 obj << /D [443 0 R /XYZ 269.531 274.29 null] >> endobj 446 0 obj << /D [443 0 R /XYZ 103.844 165.576 null] >> endobj 442 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 450 0 obj << /Length 5194 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(68)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(enormities)-291(of)-291(the)-291(East,)-302(of)-291(which)-291(Statius)-291(shows)-291(that)-291(the)-291(emperor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-453(not)-452(guiltless)-453(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.542 3.959 Td [(321)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.81 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-453(a)-452(voluptuary,)-503(with)-453(a)-453(calm)]TJ -139.352 -13.549 Td [(outlook)-206(on)-205(his)-206(time,)-214(may)-206(have)-206(a)-205(wish)-206(to)-206(restrain)-205(vices)-206(with)-205(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-357(is)-357(himself)-357(tainted.)-571(A)-357(statesman)-357(may)-357(be)-357(a)-357(puritan)-357(reformer,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(both)-244(in)-245(religion)-244(and)-244(morals,)-245(without)-245(being)-244(personally)-244(severe)-244(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devout.)-232(Domitian)-194(may)-195(have)-195(had)-195(a)-194(genuine,)-206(if)-195(a)-195(pedantic,)-206(desire)-194(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(restore)-253(the)-252(old)-253(Roman)-252(tone)-253(in)-253(morals)-252(and)-253(religion.)-258(He)-252(was,)-253(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all,)-300(sprung)-290(from)-290(a)-290(sober)-290(Sabine)-290(stock,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.552 3.959 Td [(322)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.726 -3.959 Td [(although)-290(he)-290(may)-290(have)]TJ -183.278 -13.549 Td [(sadly)-229(degenerated)-229(from)-229(it)-229(in)-229(his)-229(own)-229(conduct.)-243(And)-229(his)-229(attempt)-228(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reform)-268(Roman)-267(society)-268(may)-267(perhaps)-268(have)-267(been)-268(as)-267(sincere)-268(as)-267(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(Augustus.)]TJ 11.956 -16.944 Td [(But)-320(there)-319(can)-320(be)-319(little)-320(doubt)-320(that)-319(Domitian,)-337(although)-320(he)-319(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(astute)-427(and)-427(able,)-471(was)-427(also)-427(a)-427(bad)-427(man,)-471(with)-427(the)-427(peculiar)-426(traits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-293(always)-294(make)-293(a)-293(man)-293(unpopular.)-380(He)-293(was)-294(disloyal)-293(as)-293(a)-293(son)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-269(as)-270(a)-269(brother.)-309(He)-269(was)-269(morose,)-275(and)-269(he)-270(cultivated)-269(a)-269(suspicious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solitude,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.277 3.959 Td [(323)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.405 -3.959 Td [(around)-413(which)-413(evil)-414(rumour)-413(is)-413(sure)-413(to)-413(gather.)-740(The)]TJ -54.682 -13.549 Td [(rumour)-371(in)-371(his)-371(case)-371(may)-371(have)-370(been)-371(well-founded,)-402(although)-370(we)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-364(not)-364(bound)-364(to)-365(believe)-364(all)-364(the)-364(tales)-364(of)-364(prurient)-364(gossip)-364(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Suetonius)-302(has)-301(handed)-302(down.)-405(It)-302(is)-301(the)-302(penalty)-302(of)-301(high)-302(place)-301(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peccadilloes)-263(are)-262(magnified)-263(into)-262(sins,)-266(and)-263(sins)-262(are)-263(multiplied)-262(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exaggerated.)-242(It)-224(was)-225(a)-224(recognised)-225(and)-225(effective)-224(mode)-225(of)-224(flattering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-458(new)-458(emperor)-458(to)-458(blacken)-458(the)-458(character)-458(of)-458(his)-457(predecessors;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Domitian)-297(himself)-296(allowed)-297(his)-296(court)-297(poets)-297(to)-296(vilify)-297(Caligula)-296(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.535 3.959 Td [(324)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.851 -3.959 Td [(And)-270(Pliny)-271(in)-270(his)-271(fulsome)-270(adulation)-271(of)-270(Trajan,)-276(finds)-270(his)]TJ -40.386 -13.549 Td [(most)-372(effective)-373(resource)-372(in)-373(a)-372(perpetual)-373(contrast)-372(with)-372(Domitian.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus)-439(could)-439(never)-439(forgive)-439(the)-439(recall)-439(and)-439(humiliation)-439(of)-438(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(father-in-law.)-230(The)-188(Senate)-189(as)-188(a)-189(whole)-188(bore)-189(an)-188(implacable)-189(hatred)-188(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-228(man)-228(who)-227(carried)-228(to)-228(its)-228(furthest)-227(point)-228(the)-228(assertion)-228(of)-227(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prerogative.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 52.408 3.959 Td [(325)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.272 -3.959 Td [(Still)-253(the)-253(authorities)-252(are)-253(so)-253(unanimous)-253(that)-253(we)-252(are)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -140.435 0 Td [([55])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.513 Td [(321)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(iii.)-250(4,)-250(37.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.639 -7.31 Td [(322)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Meriv.)-250(vii.)-250(354.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(323)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(67.)-250(14;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 79.953 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -113.574 -7.311 Td [(324)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iv.)-250(63;)-250(vi.)-250(21,)-250(crudelis)-250(nullaque)-250(invisior)-250(umbra.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(325)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xxiii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 449 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 450 0 R /Resources 448 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 447 0 R >> endobj 451 0 obj << /D [449 0 R /XYZ 161.223 135.403 null] >> endobj 448 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 454 0 obj << /Length 5928 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(69)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(bound)-295(to)-296(believe)-295(that)-295(Domitian,)-307(with)-295(some)-296(strength)-295(and)-295(ability,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-370(many)-370(execrable)-370(qualities.)-611(He)-370(shows)-370(the)-370(contradictions)-370(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-390(nature)-389(in)-390(which)-390(the)-389(force)-390(of)-389(a)-390(sturdy)-390(rural)-389(ancestry)-390(has)-389(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-282(altogether)-281(sapped)-282(by)-281(the)-282(temptations)-282(of)-281(luxury)-282(and)-281(power.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-455(had)-455(a)-455(passionate)-455(desire)-455(to)-455(rival)-455(the)-455(military)-455(glory)-455(of)-455(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(father)-270(and)-269(brother,)-275(yet)-270(he)-269(was)-270(too)-270(cautious)-269(and)-270(self-indulgent)-269(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attain)-311(it.)-434(He)-312(had)-311(some)-311(taste)-312(for)-311(literature,)-327(but)-311(he)-311(kept)-311(literature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-364(leading-strings,)-392(and)-364(put)-364(one)-364(man)-364(to)-364(death)-364(for)-364(his)-364(delight)-363(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-305(speeches)-305(in)-305(Livy,)-319(and)-305(another)-305(for)-305(a)-305(too)-305(warm)-305(eulogy)-305(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Thrasea)-317(and)-317(Helvidius)-317(Priscus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.323 3.959 Td [(326)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.373 -3.959 Td [(He)-317(threw)-317(his)-317(whole)-317(strength)]TJ -154.696 -13.549 Td [(into)-378(a)-378(moral)-378(and)-378(religious)-378(reaction,)-410(while)-378(he)-378(was)-378(the)-377(bitterest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enemy)-325(of)-325(the)-325(republican)-325(pretensions)-325(and)-325(dreams)-325(of)-325(the)-324(Senate.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Great)-369(historical)-369(critics)-369(have)-369(called)-369(him)-369(a)-370(hypocrite.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.075 3.959 Td [(327)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.078 -3.959 Td [(It)-369(may)]TJ -251.153 -13.549 Td [(be)-297(doubted)-297(whether)-298(any)-297(single)-297(phrase)-297(or)-297(formula)-297(could)-297(express)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-306(truth)-307(about)-306(such)-306(a)-307(twisted)-306(and)-306(perverse)-307(character.)-418(Probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-300(dominant)-300(passion)-300(was)-299(vanity)-300(and)-300(love)-300(of)-300(grandiose)-299(display.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-463(assumed)-463(the)-462(consulship)-463(seventeen)-463(times,)-516(a)-463(number)-462(quite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unexampled.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.051 3.959 Td [(328)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.293 -3.959 Td [(His)-253(pompous)-254(triumphs)-253(for)-254(unreal)-253(victories)-254(were)]TJ -71.344 -13.549 Td [(a)-314(subject)-315(of)-314(common)-315(jest.)-443(He)-314(filled)-315(the)-314(Capitol)-315(with)-314(images)-314(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(himself,)-246(and)-246(a)-245(colossal)-246(statue)-245(towered)-246(for)-245(a)-246(time)-245(over)-246(the)-245(temple)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(roofs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.146 3.959 Td [(329)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.075 -3.959 Td [(The)-369(son)-369(and)-369(brother)-369(of)-369(emperors,)-399(already)-369(exalted)-369(to)]TJ -44.221 -13.549 Td [(divine)-313(honours,)-329(he)-313(went)-313(farther)-313(than)-313(any)-313(of)-313(his)-313(predecessors)-313(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(claiming)-316(divinity)-317(for)-316(himself,)-333(and)-317(he)-316(allowed)-317(his)-316(ministers)-316(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(court)-434(poets)-433(to)-434(address)-433(him)-434(as)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 141.093 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(our)-434(Lord)-433(God.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.722 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(330)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.184 -3.959 Td [(His)-434(lavish)]TJ -234.686 -13.549 Td [(splendour)-433(in)-432(architecture)-433(was)-433(to)-433(some)-432(extent)-433(justified)-433(by)-432(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ravages)-276(of)-276(fire)-276(in)-275(previous)-276(reigns.)-328(But)-276(the)-276(\2432,400,000)-275(expended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-295(the)-296(gilding)-295(of)-296(a)-295(temple)-295(on)-296(the)-295(Capitol,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 183.655 3.959 Td [(331)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.799 -3.959 Td [(was)-295(only)-296(one)-295(item)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.32 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 147.507 Td [(326)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(x.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.045 -7.351 Td [(327)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27 0 Td [(Les)-195(\311vang.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.108 0 Td [(p.)-232(291,)-206(Domitien,)-206(comme)-196(tous)-195(les)-195(souverains)-196(hypocrites,)]TJ -80.063 -10.959 Td [(se)-250(montraite)-250(s\351v\350re)-250(conservateur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(328)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.045 -7.311 Td [(329)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(viii.)-250(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(330)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.842 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.053 0 Td [(xiii.;)-273(Mart.)-297(v.)-296(8,)-270(1)-265(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.849 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.603 0 Td [(Friedl\344nder)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 41.335 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-265(note\051,)-270(vii.)-296(2)-266(and)-265(34;)-274(viii.)-296(2,)]TJ -177.623 -10.958 Td [(6;)-250(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.652 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(v.)-250(1,)-250(37;)-250(Meriv.)-250(vii.)-250(375.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.336 -7.311 Td [(331)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(v.;)-250(Gregorov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.301 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(St.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.268 0 Td [(i.)-250(41.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 453 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 454 0 R /Resources 452 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 447 0 R >> endobj 455 0 obj << /D [453 0 R /XYZ 240.74 328.486 null] >> endobj 456 0 obj << /D [453 0 R /XYZ 101.066 66.142 null] >> endobj 452 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 459 0 obj << /Length 5015 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(70)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-445(an)-446(extravagance)-445(which)-446(drained)-445(the)-446(treasury.)-836(Its)-445(radiance,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-323(dazzled)-322(the)-322(eyes)-323(of)-322(Rutilius)-323(in)-322(the)-323(reign)-322(of)-323(Honorius,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(332)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(was)-420(paid)-421(for)-420(in)-421(blood)-420(and)-420(tears.)-761(The)-421(emperor,)-463(who)-420(was)-420(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ruthless)-393(enemy)-394(of)-393(the)-393(nobles,)-429(like)-394(all)-393(his)-393(kind,)-429(was)-393(profusely)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(indulgent)-349(to)-348(the)-349(army)-349(and)-348(the)-349(mob.)-546(The)-349(legions)-348(had)-349(their)-348(pay)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(increased)-367(by)-367(a)-367(fourth.)-601(The)-367(populace)-367(of)-367(Rome)-367(were)-367(pampered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-413(costly)-413(and)-413(vulgar)-413(spectacles,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 154.059 3.959 Td [(333)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.403 -3.959 Td [(as)-413(they)-413(were)-413(to)-413(the)-413(end)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -244.217 0 Td [([56])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-415(the)-414(Western)-415(Empire.)-744(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 156.511 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-415(indulgence)-414(of)-415(that)-415(fierce)]TJ -160.144 -13.549 Td [(and)-470(obscene)-470(proletariat)-470(was)-469(only)-470(a)-470(little)-470(more)-470(criminal)-469(than)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-308(of)-307(other)-308(emperors,)-322(because)-308(it)-308(ended)-307(in)-308(a)-308(bankruptcy)-307(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-453(followed)-453(by)-452(robbery)-453(and)-453(massacre.)-858(While)-453(the)-453(rich)-452(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noble)-300(were)-300(assailed)-300(on)-300(any)-300(trivial)-300(accusation,)-312(in)-300(order)-300(to)-300(fill)-300(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(empty)-222(treasury,)-228(the)-223(beasts)-222(of)-222(Numidia)-222(were)-223(tearing)-222(their)-222(victims,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gladiators)-202(were)-202(prostituting)-202(a)-202(noble)-202(courage)-202(in)-202(dealing)-202(inglorious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wounds)-378(in)-379(the)-378(arena,)-410(and)-378(fleets)-379(of)-378(armed)-378(galleys)-378(charged)-378(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crashed)-261(in)-261(mimic,)-264(yet)-261(often)-261(deadly,)-264(battle)-261(in)-261(the)-261(flooded)-261(Flavian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amphitheatre.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.684 3.959 Td [(334)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -47.728 -26.71 Td [(To)-479(repair)-479(this)-480(waste)-479(the)-479(only)-479(resource)-480(was)-479(plunder.)-937(But)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Domitian)-409(was)-410(a)-409(pettifogger)-410(as)-409(well)-409(as)-410(a)-409(plunderer;)-489(he)-409(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fleece)-272(or)-272(assassinate)-272(his)-272(victims)-272(under)-272(forms)-272(of)-272(law.)-316(The)-272(l)1(aw)-272(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(majesty,)-367(and)-344(the)-343(many)-344(laws)-343(for)-344(restoring)-343(old)-344(Roman)-343(morality,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(needed)-279(only)-278(a)-279(little)-278(ingenuity)-278(and)-279(effrontery)-278(to)-279(furnish)-278(lucrative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grounds)-351(for)-350(impeachment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.024 3.958 Td [(335)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.472 -3.958 Td [(The)-351(tribe)-350(of)-351(delators)-350(were)-351(ready)]TJ -135.496 -13.55 Td [(to)-292(his)-291(hand.)-375(He)-292(had)-292(punished)-291(them)-292(for)-292(serving)-291(Nero;)-313(they)-291(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(now)-433(to)-432(reap)-433(a)-432(richer)-433(harvest)-433(under)-432(Domitian.)-798(Every)-432(fortune)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-287(rose)-287(above)-286(mediocrity,)-296(every)-287(villa)-287(with)-287(rich)-287(pastures)-286(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(woodlands)-493(in)-494(the)-493(Apennines,)-554(or)-493(on)-494(the)-493(northern)-493(lakes,)-554(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(marked)-263(for)-263(plunder.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.229 3.958 Td [(336)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.606 -3.958 Td [(Domitian)-263(was)-263(the)-263(first)-263(and)-263(only)-263(emperor)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.513 Td [(332)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Rutil.)-250(Namat.)-250(i.)-250(93.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(333)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(;)-250(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.93 -7.311 Td [(334)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(67.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(335)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.046 -7.311 Td [(336)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Pliny,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.42 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(50.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 458 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 459 0 R /Resources 457 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 447 0 R >> endobj 460 0 obj << /D [458 0 R /XYZ 93.543 436.88 null] >> endobj 457 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 463 0 obj << /Length 6616 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(aristocracy)-250(under)-250(the)-250(terror)-11229(71)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(who)-369(assumed)-369(the)-369(censorship)-369(for)-369(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.466 3.959 Td [(337)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.078 -3.959 Td [(The)-369(office)-369(made)-369(him)]TJ -185.544 -13.549 Td [(absolute)-498(master)-498(of)-498(the)-499(lives)-498(and)-498(fortunes)-498(of)-498(his)-498(nobles.)-994(A)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(casual)-341(word,)-364(a)-341(thoughtless)-342(gesture,)-364(might)-341(be)-341(construed)-341(into)-341(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(act)-367(of)-367(treason;)-426(and)-367(the)-367(slave)-367(households)-367(furnished)-367(an)-367(army)-367(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spies.)-429(Nay,)-324(even)-310(kindred)-310(and)-309(near)-310(friends)-310(were)-309(drawn)-310(into)-309(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vast)-311(conspiracy)-312(against)-311(domestic)-311(peace)-312(and)-311(security.)-434(It)-311(may)-311(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(admitted)-369(that)-368(Domitian)-369(had)-369(to)-368(face)-369(a)-368(real)-369(peril.)-606(The)-368(rebellion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-365(Antonius)-364(Saturninus)-365(was)-365(an)-365(attempt)-364(which)-365(no)-365(prince)-364(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treat)-269(lightly,)-273(and)-269(the)-269(destruction)-268(of)-269(the)-269(correspondence)-269(in)-268(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(so)-286(many)-286(men)-286(of)-286(rank)-286(were)-286(involved,)-295(may)-286(well)-286(have)-285(heightened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.215 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-373(alarm.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 35.879 3.959 Td [(338)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.203 -3.959 Td [(He)-373(struck)-373(out)-373(blindly)-373(and)-372(savagely.)-619(He)]TJ -99.93 -13.549 Td [(compelled)-261(the)-260(Senate)-261(to)-260(bear)-261(a)-261(part)-260(in)-261(the)-261(massacre,)-263(and)-260(Tacitus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-324(confessed,)-341(with)-324(pathetic)-323(humiliation,)-342(his)-324(silent)-323(share)-324(in)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(murder)-194(of)-193(the)-194(upright)-193(and)-194(innocent.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.05 3.958 Td [(339)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.976 -3.958 Td [(Yet)-194(the)-193(imperial)-194(inquisitor)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.998 0 Td [([57])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(was)-280(himself)-281(racked)-280(with)-280(terror)-280(in)-281(his)-280(last)-280(hours.)-341(He)-280(walked)-280(in)-280(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corridor)-326(where)-327(the)-326(walls)-326(were)-326(lined)-327(with)-326(mirrors,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.32 3.959 Td [(340)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.221 -3.959 Td [(so)-326(that)-327(no)]TJ -236.541 -13.549 Td [(unseen)-276(hand)-275(might)-276(strike)-276(him)-276(from)-275(behind.)-327(On)-276(his)-276(last)-275(morning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-251(started)-250(in)-251(terror)-251(from)-250(his)-251(bed)-250(and)-251(called)-251(for)-250(the)-251(diviner)-250(whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-366(had)-367(summoned)-366(from)-366(Germany.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 154.441 3.958 Td [(341)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.985 -3.958 Td [(But,)-395(amid)-367(all)-366(his)-366(terror,)]TJ -173.426 -13.55 Td [(Domitian)-255(had)-255(a)-255(deep)-255(natural)-255(love)-255(of)-255(cruelty.)-265(He)-255(was)-255(never)-254(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dangerous)-354(than)-353(when)-354(he)-354(chose)-354(to)-353(be)-354(agreeable;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.01 3.959 Td [(342)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.878 -3.959 Td [(he)-354(loved)-353(to)]TJ -229.888 -13.549 Td [(play)-315(with)-315(his)-315(victims.)-445(What)-315(a)-315(grim)-315(delight)-315(in)-315(exquisite)-315(torture,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(what)-319(a)-318(cynical)-319(contempt)-318(for)-319(the)-318(Roman)-319(nobles,)-335(are)-319(revealed)-318(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-382(tale)-382(of)-382(his)-382(funereal)-382(banquet!)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 145.642 3.958 Td [(343)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.497 -3.958 Td [(The)-382(select)-382(company)-382(were)]TJ -165.139 -13.55 Td [(ushered)-259(into)-259(a)-259(chamber)-259(draped)-260(from)-259(floor)-259(to)-259(ceiling)-259(in)-259(black.)-277(At)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(head)-289(of)-289(each)-289(couch)-289(stood)-289(a)-289(pillar)-289(like)-290(a)-289(tombstone,)-298(with)-289(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guest)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.03 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-287(name)-287(engraved)-287(upon)-287(it,)-296(while)-287(overhead)-287(swung)-287(a)-286(cresset)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.44 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 147.628 Td [(337)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Dion)-306(Cass.)-417(67.)-417(4,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 68.136 0 Td [(\304\271\274\267\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.968 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-306(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.694 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.507 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.449 0 Td [(\262\257\277\305)-306(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\304\277\302)-306(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.015 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.507 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.378 0 Td [(\274\314\275\277\302)-306(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.989 0 Td [(v)-306(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.014 0 Td [(\264\271\311\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.063 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\272\301\261\304\314\301\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.557 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\265\271\301\277\304\277\275\256\270\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.428 0 Td [(:)-250(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.111 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.378 0 Td [(ii.)-250(1012.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -192.402 -7.311 Td [(338)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(67.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(339)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(45.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.638 -7.311 Td [(340)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(parietes)-250(phengite)-250(lapide)-250(distinxit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.045 -7.311 Td [(341)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(342)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(67.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(343)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(67.)-250(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 462 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 463 0 R /Resources 461 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 447 0 R >> endobj 464 0 obj << /D [462 0 R /XYZ 285.576 342.036 null] >> endobj 461 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 467 0 obj << /Length 1337 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(72)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(such)-289(as)-290(men)-289(hang)-289(in)-290(vaults)-289(of)-289(the)-289(dead.)-368(A)-290(troop)-289(of)-289(naked)-289(boys,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(black)-212(as)-213(all)-212(around,)-220(danced)-213(an)-212(awful)-213(measure,)-220(and)-212(then)-213(set)-212(on)-212(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dismal)-253(meal)-253(which)-252(was)-253(offered,)-254(by)-253(old)-252(Roman)-253(use,)-254(to)-253(the)-252(spirits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-317(the)-318(departed.)-452(The)-318(guests)-317(were)-317(palsied)-318(with)-317(terror,)-334(expecting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(every)-355(moment)-354(to)-355(be)-355(their)-355(last.)-564(And)-354(the)-355(death-like)-355(silence)-354(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-297(broken)-297(by)-297(the)-297(voice)-296(of)-297(the)-297(Emperor)-297(as)-297(he)-297(told)-297(a)-296(gruesome)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tale)-220(of)-221(bloody)-220(deaths.)-240(In)-221(such)-220(cynicism)-221(of)-220(lawless)-221(power,)-226(in)-220(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meek)-305(degradation)-305(of)-305(a)-305(once)-305(proud)-305(order,)-319(did)-305(the)-305(tyranny)-305(of)-305(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-250(century)-250(reach)-250(its)-250(close.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 466 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 467 0 R /Resources 465 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 447 0 R >> endobj 465 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 468 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index5) >> endobj 471 0 obj (II. The world of the satirist) endobj 474 0 obj << /Length 4635 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.7 Td [([58])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf -194.115 -32.633 Td [(CHAPTER)-279(II)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -50.469 -49.286 Td [(THE)-264(WORLD)-264(OF)-264(THE)-264(SATIRIST)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -46.44 -28.523 Td [(Juvenal)-200(and)-201(Tacitus,)-210(although)-200(they)-200(moved)-201(in)-200(different)-200(circles)-200(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(probably)-263(never)-263(met,)-266(have)-263(much)-263(in)-263(common.)-289(Both)-263(were)-263(released)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-397(an)-397(ignominious)-396(silence)-397(by)-397(the)-397(death)-396(of)-397(Domitian.)-690(Both)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-279(then)-279(at)-278(the)-279(age)-279(which)-278(combines)-279(the)-279(ripeness)-279(of)-278(experience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-354(reflection)-354(with)-354(a)-354(fire)-354(and)-353(energy)-354(still)-354(unflagging.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.631 3.959 Td [(344)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.581 -3.959 Td [(They)]TJ -258.212 -13.549 Td [(were,)-328(from)-312(different)-312(causes,)-328(both)-312(filled)-312(with)-312(hatred)-312(and)-312(disgust)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-292(the)-291(vices)-292(of)-291(their)-292(time,)-302(and)-292(their)-291(experience)-292(had)-291(engendered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-204(both)-204(a)-204(pessimism)-204(which)-204(darkened)-204(their)-204(faith.)-234(Tacitus)-204(belonged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-345(the)-344(senatorial)-345(order)-344(who)-345(had)-344(held)-345(high)-344(office,)-368(and)-345(had)-344(seen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-331(ranks)-331(decimated)-331(and)-330(its)-331(dignity)-331(outraged)-331(under)-331(the)-330(tyranny.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Juvenal)-335(sprang)-335(from)-334(the)-335(lower)-335(middle)-335(class,)-356(which)-335(hated)-334(alike)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-340(degenerate)-339(noble)-340(and)-340(the)-339(insolent)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 170.682 0 Td [(parvenu)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.455 0 Td [(far)-340(more)-339(than)-340(it)]TJ -210.137 -13.55 Td [(hated)-276(even)-276(a)-276(Domitian.)-328(Yet)-276(both)-276(Juvenal)-276(and)-276(Tacitus)-276(are)-276(united)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-352(a)-351(passionate)-352(admiration)-352(for)-351(the)-352(old)-352(Roman)-351(character.)-555(Their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(standards)-206(and)-207(ideals)-206(are)-207(drawn)-206(from)-207(the)-206(half-mythical)-207(ages)-206(of)-206(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(simple)-292(warriors)-293(and)-292(farmer-statesmen)-292(of)-293(the)-292(old)-292(Republic.)-377(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-359(estimate)-359(of)-359(their)-359(time)-359(needs)-359(to)-359(be)-359(scrutinised)-359(in)-359(the)-358(light)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(both)-250(of)-250(their)-250(hatreds)-250(and)-250(of)-250(their)-250(ideals.)]TJ 11.956 -13.925 Td [(The)-303(life)-304(of)-303(Juvenal)-304(is)-303(wrapt)-303(in)-304(obscurity,)-317(although)-303(nine)-303(lives)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-286(him)-286(are)-286(extant.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.133 3.959 Td [(345)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.361 -3.959 Td [(Scholars)-286(are)-286(still)-286(at)-286(variance)-286(as)-286(to)-286(the)-286(date)]TJ -94.494 -13.549 Td [(of)-375(his)-375(birth,)-406(the)-375(date)-375(of)-375(many)-375(of)-375(his)-374(satires,)-407(and)-375(especially)-374(as)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.844 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.031 Td [(344)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tacitus)-281(b.)-344(probably)-282(55)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 84.618 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.501 0 Td [(Dial.)-344(de)-282(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.983 0 Td [(1,)-289(juvenis)-282(admodum)-281(in)-281(75)-282(or)-281(76;)]TJ -162.057 -10.959 Td [(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.838 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.062 0 Td [(9.)-293(He)-265(was)-264(betrothed)-265(in)-264(77)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 95.416 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(;)-272(cf.)-293(Meriv.)-293(viii.)-294(92;)-271(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 97.352 0 Td [(Gesch.)-293(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -238.647 -10.959 Td [(ii.)-508(43;)-379(Nipperdey,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.934 0 Td [(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.201 0 Td [(iv.)-508(Juvenal)-336(b.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.457 0 Td [(circ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.197 0 Td [(55)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 11.979 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.991 0 Td [(\050Peter,)-357(ii.)-508(77\051;)-379(decessit)]TJ -195.759 -10.959 Td [(longo)-250(senio)-250(confectus)-250(exul)-250(Ant.)-250(Pio)-250(imp.)-250(Vit.)-250(iv.;)-250(Teuffel,)-250(\247)-250(326,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.394 Td [(345)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Nettleship,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.344 0 Td [(Lectures)-250(and)-250(Essays)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 73.219 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(118)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 473 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 474 0 R /Resources 472 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 475 0 R >> endobj 63 0 obj << /D [473 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 469 0 obj << /D [473 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 472 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 478 0 obj << /Length 5511 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(74)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-365(the)-364(time)-365(and)-365(circumstances)-364(of)-365(his)-365(banishment,)-393(about)-364(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-287(is)-288(so)-287(uniform)-288(a)-287(tradition.)-363(But,)-296(for)-288(our)-287(purpose,)-297(some)-287(facts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-286(clear)-285(enough.)-357(Juvenal)-285(was)-286(the)-285(son)-286(of)-285(a)-286(well-to-do)-285(freedman)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([59])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-410(Aquinum,)-451(and)-410(rose)-410(to)-411(the)-410(highest)-410(magisterial)-411(office)-410(in)-410(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(native)-257(town)-257(at)-256(some)-257(time)-257(of)-257(his)-256(career.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.574 3.959 Td [(346)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.402 -3.959 Td [(He)-257(carefully)-257(hides)-256(his)]TJ -184.976 -13.549 Td [(personal)-330(history)-330(from)-329(us;)-370(but)-330(we)-329(might)-330(gather)-330(from)-330(his)-329(Satires)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-401(he)-401(belonged)-401(to)-400(the)-401(lower)-401(middle)-401(class,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.162 3.959 Td [(347)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.237 -3.959 Td [(that)-401(he)-401(was)-401(in)]TJ -215.399 -13.549 Td [(temper)-367(and)-366(tone)-367(an)-367(old)-366(plebeian)-367(of)-367(the)-366(times)-367(of)-367(the)-366(Republic,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-317(vividly)-317(touched)-317(by)-318(the)-317(ideas)-317(of)-317(a)-317(new)-317(morality)-317(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-242(been)-241(afloat)-242(for)-241(more)-242(than)-242(two)-241(generations.)-248(But,)-243(like)-241(Tacitus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-480(has)-479(little)-480(sympathy)-479(with)-480(the)-479(great)-480(philosophic)-479(movement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-387(was)-387(working)-387(a)-387(silent)-387(revolution.)-661(He)-387(had)-387(the)-386(rhetorical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(training)-181(of)-180(the)-181(time,)-194(with)-181(all)-181(its)-180(advantages)-181(and)-180(its)-181(defects.)-227(And)-180(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-257(more)-256(a)-257(rhetorician)-256(than)-257(a)-257(poet.)-269(We)-257(can)-257(well)-256(believe)-257(the)-256(report)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-328(his)-327(early)-328(literary)-328(enthusiasm)-328(found)-327(vent)-328(in)-328(declamation)-327(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-260(mythical)-260(or)-260(frivolous)-259(themes)-260(which)-260(exercised)-260(the)-260(youth)-259(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-276(Roman)-276(schools)-275(for)-276(many)-276(centuries.)-327(Although)-276(he)-276(was)-275(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-415(poor)-414(man)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 52.67 3.959 Td [(348)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.975 -3.959 Td [(in)-414(the)-415(sense)-415(in)-414(which)-415(Martial,)-455(his)-415(friend,)-455(was)]TJ -69.645 -13.549 Td [(poor,)-306(yet)-295(he)-295(had)-295(stooped)-295(to)-295(bear)-295(the)-295(ignominy)-295(and)-295(hardships)-294(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(client)-268(dependence.)-303(He)-268(had)-267(hurried)-268(in)-268(rain)-268(and)-267(storm)-268(in)-268(the)-267(early)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(morning)-293(to)-292(receptions)-293(at)-292(great)-293(houses)-292(on)-293(the)-292(Esquiline,)-303(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-346(squalor)-346(and)-347(noises)-346(and)-346(congested)-346(traffic)-346(of)-347(the)-346(Suburra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(349)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(He)-276(had)-276(doubtless)-275(often)-276(been)-276(a)-275(guest)-276(at)-276(those)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 198.553 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(unequal)-276(dinners,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.389 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(where)-182(the)-181(host,)-195(who)-182(was)-181(himself)-182(regaled)-181(with)-182(far-fetched)-181(dainties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-242(old)-242(crusted)-242(Alban)-242(or)-242(Setine)-243(wine,)-243(insulted)-242(his)-242(poorer)-242(friends)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-179(offering)-180(them)-179(the)-179(cheapest)-179(vintage)-180(and)-179(the)-179(meanest)-179(fare.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.987 3.959 Td [(350)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.923 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(had)-241(been)-241(compelled,)-243(as)-240(a)-241(matter)-241(of)-241(social)-241(duty,)-243(to)-241(sit)-241(through)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recitation)-275(of)-275(those)-275(ambitious)-275(and)-275(empty)-275(Theseids)-275(and)-274(Thebaids,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-172(which)-173(the)-172(rich)-172(amateur)-173(in)-172(literature)-172(in)-173(those)-172(days)-172(afflicted)-172(his)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.513 Td [(346)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(5599,)-250(IIVir.)-250(Quinq.)-250(Flamen)-250(Divi)-250(Vespasiani.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.06 -7.31 Td [(347)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.874 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(316.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -73.476 -7.311 Td [(348)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xi.)-250(74,)-250(150;)-250(cf.)-250(xiv.)-250(322.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(349)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(xii.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(350)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(v.)-250(30)-250(sqq.;)-250(cf.)-250(Mart.)-250(iii.)-250(49;)-250(iii.)-250(60.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 477 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 478 0 R /Resources 476 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 475 0 R >> endobj 479 0 obj << /D [477 0 R /XYZ 276.46 491.077 null] >> endobj 476 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 482 0 obj << /Length 5918 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(75)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(long-suffering)-205(friends.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.674 3.959 Td [(351)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.018 -3.959 Td [(He)-205(may)-206(have)-205(been)-206(often)-205(elbowed)-205(aside)]TJ -112.692 -13.549 Td [(by)-351(some)-351(supple,)-376(clever)-351(Greek,)-376(with)-351(versatile)-350(accomplishments)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-188(infinite)-188(audacity.)-230(He)-188(may)-188(have)-189(been)-188(patronised)-188(or)-188(insulted)-188(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-322(millionaire)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 59.758 0 Td [(parvenu)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.749 0 Td [(,)-341(like)-322(the)-322(Trimalchio)-323(of)-322(Petronius,)-341(tainted)]TJ -95.507 -13.55 Td [(with)-290(the)-290(memories)-290(of)-290(a)-290(shameful)-290(servitude.)-370(He)-290(saw)-290(new)-289(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wealth)-181(everywhere)-182(triumphant,)-195(while)-181(the)-182(stiff,)-195(yet,)-195(in)-181(many)-181(ways,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wholesome)-390(conventionality)-389(of)-390(old)-389(Roman)-390(life)-389(was)-390(defied)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trampled)-267(upon)-267(by)-266(an)-267(aggressive)-267(vulgarity.)-300(In)-267(such)-267(a)-267(world)-266(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-330(little)-329(room)-330(for)-330(the)-330(man)-329(whose)-330(wealth)-330(is)-329(in)-330(his)-330(genius,)-349(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([60])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(who)-248(clings)-248(to)-248(the)-248(traditions)-248(of)-248(ages)-248(which)-248(believed)-248(that)-248(men)-247(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-336(soul)-336(as)-335(well)-336(as)-336(a)-336(body.)-507(A)-336(man)-335(like)-336(Juvenal,)-357(living)-336(in)-336(such)-335(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(society,)-348(almost)-328(necessarily)-328(becomes)-328(embittered.)-484(Like)-328(Johnson,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-320(his)-319(Grub)-320(Street)-319(days,)-337(he)-320(will)-319(have)-320(his)-319(hours)-320(when)-319(bitterness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passes)-353(into)-352(self-abandonment,)-379(and)-352(he)-353(will)-353(sound)-352(the)-353(depths)-352(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-353(world)-354(of)-353(corruption)-353(which)-353(in)-353(his)-354(better)-353(moods)-353(he)-353(loathes.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Some)-209(of)-209(the)-209(associates)-209(of)-209(Juvenal)-209(were)-209(of)-209(very)-209(doubtful)-208(position,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-343(more)-343(than)-343(doubtful)-342(morals;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.615 3.959 Td [(352)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.7 -3.959 Td [(and)-343(the)-343(warmth)-343(of)-342(some)-343(of)]TJ -158.315 -13.549 Td [(his)-423(realistic)-423(painting)-422(of)-423(dark)-423(sides)-422(of)-423(Roman)-423(life)-423(arouses)-422(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suspicion)-364(that)-365(he)-364(may)-364(have)-365(at)-364(times)-364(forgotten)-365(his)-364(moral)-364(ideal.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-346(certainly)-347(knows)-346(the)-347(shameful)-346(secrets)-346(of)-347(Roman)-346(life)-346(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-296(well)-296(as)-296(his)-295(friend)-296(Martial)-296(does.)-388(But)-295(his)-296(knowledge,)-307(however)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gained,)-336(was)-318(turned)-319(to)-318(a)-319(very)-318(different)-319(purpose)-318(from)-319(that)-318(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inspired)-250(Martial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.993 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(brilliant)-250(prurience.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.167 3.959 Td [(353)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -149.837 -19.498 Td [(The)-313(Satires)-313(of)-314(Juvenal)-313(were)-313(probably)-313(not)-314(given)-313(to)-313(the)-313(world)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(till)-389(after)-389(the)-389(death)-390(of)-389(Domitian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.332 3.959 Td [(354)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.734 -3.959 Td [(The)-389(date)-389(of)-389(the)-390(earliest)-389(is)]TJ -163.066 -13.549 Td [(about)-212(100)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 45.224 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-219(that)-212(of)-212(the)-212(latest)-211(probably)-212(127.)-238(Juvenal)-211(cautiously)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.252 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 158.355 Td [(351)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(52;)-250(Mart.)-250(x.)-250(4;)-250(iv.)-250(49.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(352)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(43:)-250(v.)-250(30)-250(sqq.;)-250(ix.)-250(10)-250(sqq.;)-250(xi.)-250(186.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(353)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(It)-295(has)-295(been)-296(remarked)-295(that)-295(Martial)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 121.299 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-295(Epigrams)-295(on)-296(Juvenal)-295(all)-295(contain)-295(some)]TJ -136.24 -10.959 Td [(obscenity,)-250(vii.)-250(24;)-250(vii.)-250(91,)-250(xii.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(354)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Teuffel,)-223(\247)-216(326,)-223(4;)-227(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 86.421 0 Td [(Gesch.)-239(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.432 0 Td [(ii.)-239(77;)-227(Nettleship,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 63.967 0 Td [(Lectures)-216(and)-216(Essays)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 72.613 0 Td [(,)]TJ -278.388 -10.959 Td [(p.)-250(122,)-249(brings)-249(together)-250(the)-249(indications)-249(of)-249(date)-250(from)-249(96-127)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 212.119 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.213 0 Td [(He)-249(thinks)-250(that)]TJ -230.332 -10.959 Td [(perhaps)-319(some)-319(of)-319(the)-319(earlier)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 102.44 0 Td [(Satires)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.768 0 Td [(belong)-319(to)-319(the)-319(last)-319(years)-319(of)-319(Domitian,)-336(and)]TJ -130.208 -10.959 Td [(that)-221(the)-220(words,)-227(spes)-221(et)-220(ratio)-221(studiorum)-221(in)-220(Caesare)-221(tantum,)-226(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 214.629 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.679 0 Td [(vii.,)-227(may)-220(refer)]TJ -230.308 -10.959 Td [(to)-250(that)-250(Emperor)-250(\050p.)-250(132\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 481 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 482 0 R /Resources 480 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 475 0 R >> endobj 483 0 obj << /D [481 0 R /XYZ 248.212 409.782 null] >> endobj 480 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 486 0 obj << /Length 5034 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(76)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(disguises)-202(his)-202(attacks)-202(on)-202(his)-202(own)-202(time.)-234(He)-202(whets)-202(his)-202(sword)-201(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-260(sinners)-260(whose)-260(ashes)-260(have)-260(long)-260(reposed)-260(beside)-260(the)-259(Flaminian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-334(the)-334(Latin)-334(ways.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.186 3.959 Td [(355)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.926 -3.959 Td [(Very)-334(few)-334(of)-334(his)-334(contemporaries)-334(appear)]TJ -106.112 -13.549 Td [(in)-400(his)-400(pages,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.512 3.958 Td [(356)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.225 -3.958 Td [(and)-400(the)-400(scenery)-400(is)-400(often)-400(that)-400(of)-400(the)-400(reigns)-400(of)]TJ -74.737 -13.55 Td [(Tiberius,)-462(Claudius,)-461(or)-420(Nero.)-758(But)-419(his)-419(deepest)-420(and)-419(most)-419(vivid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impressions)-250(must)-251(have)-250(come)-251(to)-250(Juvenal)-251(in)-250(that)-251(period)-250(which)-250(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-270(photographed)-270(with)-270(such)-270(minute)-270(exactness)-270(by)-270(Martial.)-310(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-323(is)-323(a)-323(striking)-323(correspondence)-323(between)-323(the)-322(two)-323(writers,)-341(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-245(in)-246(many)-245(of)-246(the)-245(characters)-245(whom)-246(they)-245(introduce,)-247(but)-245(in)-245(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pictures)-338(of)-339(the)-338(whole)-338(state)-338(of)-338(morals)-339(and)-338(letters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.057 3.959 Td [(357)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.069 -3.959 Td [(They)-338(both)]TJ -235.126 -13.549 Td [(detested)-369(that)-368(frigid)-369(epic)-369(which)-368(laboriously)-369(ploughed)-369(the)-368(sands)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-245(conventional)-244(legend,)-246(and)-244(they)-245(turned)-244(with)-244(weariness)-245(from)-244(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old-world)-223(tales)-223(of)-223(Thebes)-223(or)-223(Argos)-223(to)-223(the)-223(real)-223(tragedy)-223(or)-222(comedy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-407(Roman)-407(life)-407(around)-408(them.)-721(Although)-407(they)-407(were)-407(friends)-407(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(companions,)-423(it)-389(is)-389(needless)-388(to)-389(assume)-389(any)-388(close)-389(partnership)-388(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([61])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(their)-312(studies.)-436(Starting)-312(with)-313(the)-312(same)-312(literary)-312(impulse,)-327(they)-312(deal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-316(a)-317(large)-316(extent)-316(with)-316(the)-316(same)-317(vices)-316(and)-316(follies,)-333(some)-316(of)-316(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peculiar)-322(to)-322(their)-322(own)-323(age,)-340(others)-322(common)-322(to)-322(all)-322(ages)-322(of)-322(Rome,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-304(even)-304(of)-303(the)-304(world)-304(of)-304(civilisation.)-411(A)-304(long)-304(list)-304(might)-304(easily)-303(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(compiled)-293(of)-292(their)-293(common)-292(stock)-293(of)-292(subjects,)-303(and)-293(their)-292(common)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(antipathies.)-411(In)-304(both)-304(writers)-303(we)-304(meet)-304(the)-303(same)-304(grumbling)-304(of)-303(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(needy)-204(client)-205(against)-204(insolent)-204(or)-204(niggardly)-205(patrons,)-213(the)-204(complaints)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-251(the)-251(struggling)-250(man)-251(of)-251(letters)-250(about)-251(the)-251(extravagant)-251(rewards)-250(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(low)-323(vulgar)-323(impostors.)-469(Both)-323(are)-323(bored)-323(to)-322(death,)-342(like)-323(the)-322(patient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Pliny,)-525(by)-470(the)-469(readings)-470(of)-470(wealthy)-470(scribblers,)-525(or)-470(by)-469(tiresome)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pleadings)-176(in)-176(the)-176(courts,)-191(measured)-176(by)-176(many)-176(a)-176(turn)-176(of)-176(the)-176(clepsydra.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-204(feel)-205(an)-204(equal)-205(disgust)-204(for)-204(the)-205(noise)-204(and)-204(squalor)-205(of)-204(the)-204(narrow)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(streets,)-193(an)-179(equal)-179(love)-179(for)-178(the)-179(peace)-179(and)-179(freshness)-179(and)-179(rough)-178(plenty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-383(the)-384(country)-383(farm.)-651(In)-383(both)-384(may)-383(be)-384(seen)-383(the)-384(scions)-383(of)-383(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(houses)-218(reduced)-218(to)-218(mendicancy,)-225(ambitious)-218(poverty)-218(betaking)-218(itself)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-240(every)-241(mean)-240(or)-241(disreputable)-240(device,)-243(the)-240(legacy-hunter)-240(courting)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.254 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 92.358 Td [(355)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(170.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.395 Td [(356)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Marius)-250(Priscus,)-250(Isaeus,)-250(Archigenes.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(357)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(See)-250(a)-250(comparison)-250(of)-250(passages)-250(in)-250(Nettleship,)-250(pp.)-250(125)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 485 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 486 0 R /Resources 484 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 475 0 R >> endobj 487 0 obj << /D [485 0 R /XYZ 229.36 328.486 null] >> endobj 484 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 490 0 obj << /Length 5484 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(77)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-311(childless)-311(rich)-311(with)-311(flattery)-311(or)-311(vicious)-311(compliance.)-433(You)-311(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-401(encounter)-400(the)-401(sham)-401(philosopher,)-438(as)-401(you)-400(meet)-401(him)-400(sixty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-379(afterwards)-379(in)-379(the)-379(pages)-379(of)-379(Lucian,)-411(with)-379(his)-379(loud)-379(talk)-379(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtue)-269(and)-270(illustrious)-269(names,)-275(while)-269(his)-270(cloak)-269(covers)-270(all)-269(the)-269(vices)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-298(dog)-297(and)-298(ape.)-393(Both)-298(deal)-297(rather)-298(ungently)-298(with)-297(the)-298(character)-297(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(women,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.844 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(their)-229(intrigues)-229(with)-229(actors,)-234(gladiators,)-233(and)-229(slaves,)-233(their)]TJ -45.753 -13.549 Td [(frequent)-205(divorces)-205(and)-204(rapid)-205(succession)-205(of)-205(husbands,)-214(their)-204(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abandonment)-367(of)-367(antique)-368(matronly)-367(reserve.)-602(Both)-367(have,)-396(in)-367(fact,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-207(different)-207(motives,)-215(uncovered)-207(the)-206(secret)-207(shame)-207(of)-207(the)-206(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(world;)-251(and,)-250(more)-251(even)-250(than)-251(by)-250(that)-251(shame,)-250(was)-251(their)-250(indignation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moved)-377(by)-377(the)-378(great)-377(social)-377(revolution)-377(which)-377(was)-377(confusing)-377(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ranks,)-415(and)-381(raising)-382(old)-382(slaves,)-415(cobblers,)-414(and)-382(auctioneers)-382(to)-381(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benches)-250(of)-250(the)-250(knights.)]TJ 11.956 -18.161 Td [(Yet)-221(with)-221(this)-221(resemblance)-221(in)-221(the)-221(subjects)-221(of)-222(their)-221(choice,)-226(there)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-295(the)-295(widest)-295(difference)-296(between)-295(the)-295(two)-295(writers)-295(in)-295(their)-295(motive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-422(mode)-421(of)-422(treatment.)-764(Martial,)-465(of)-421(course,)-465(is)-421(not)-422(a)-421(moralist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-386(all;)-455(the)-387(mere)-386(suggestion)-386(excites)-387(a)-386(smile.)-660(He)-386(is)-387(a)-386(keen)-386(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(joyous)-332(observer)-332(of)-331(the)-332(faults)-332(and)-332(follies,)-352(the)-332(lights)-332(and)-331(shades,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-234(a)-234(highly)-234(complex)-234(and)-234(artificial)-234(society)-234(which)-234(is)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 219.911 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(getting)-234(over-)]TJ -224.755 -13.549 Td [(ripe.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.691 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.398 0 Td [(In)-418(the)-417(power)-418(of)-417(mere)-417(objective)-418(description)-417(and)-418(minute)]TJ -29.089 -13.549 Td [(portraiture)-307(of)-307(social)-308(life,)-321(Martial)-307(is)-307(almost)-308(unique.)-421(Through)-307(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(verses,)-451(we)-410(know)-411(the)-410(society)-411(of)-410(Domitian)-411(as)-410(we)-411(know)-410(hardly)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([62])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(any)-290(other)-290(period)-289(of)-290(ancient)-290(society.)-369(But)-290(this)-290(very)-290(vividness)-289(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(truthfulness)-395(is)-395(chiefly)-395(due)-395(to)-395(the)-395(fact)-395(that)-395(Martial)-395(was)-394(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-359(a)-359(conscience.)-578(He)-359(was)-359(indeed)-359(personally,)-387(perhaps,)-386(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-278(bad)-278(as)-279(he)-278(is)-278(often)-278(painted.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.585 3.959 Td [(358)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.103 -3.959 Td [(He)-278(knows)-278(and)-279(can)-278(appreciate)-278(a)]TJ -143.688 -13.549 Td [(good)-278(woman;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.999 3.959 Td [(359)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.637 -3.959 Td [(he)-278(can)-278(love,)-285(with)-277(the)-278(simplest,)-285(unsophisticated)]TJ -75.636 -13.549 Td [(love,)-385(an)-358(innocent)-358(slave-child,)-385(the)-359(poor)-358(little)-358(Erotion,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.703 3.958 Td [(360)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.654 -3.958 Td [(whom)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.047 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.151 Td [(358)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(He)-297(says)-297(of)-298(himself,)-309(i.)-391(5,)-309(8,)-309(lasciva)-297(est)-298(nobis)-297(pagina,)-309(vita)-297(proba)-297(est;)-321(cf.)-392(iii.)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(68;)-270(v.)-291(2;)-270(Ausonius)-263(urges)-264(the)-263(same)-264(plea,)-267(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 156.124 0 Td [(Idyll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.04 0 Td [(xiii.)-290(Pliny)-264(finds)-263(a)-264(long)-263(series)]TJ -177.164 -10.959 Td [(of)-297(examples)-296(to)-297(warrant)-297(his)-296(indulgence)-297(in)-297(loose)-296(verses,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 200.099 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.863 0 Td [(iv.)-390(14;)-320(cf.)-390(v.)-390(3.)-390(It)]TJ -214.962 -10.959 Td [(was)-250(a)-250(bad)-250(tradition)-250(of)-250(literature;)-250(cf.)-250(Nettleship,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 169.833 0 Td [(Lectures)-250(and)-250(Essays)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 73.219 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -242.802 -7.394 Td [(359)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(i.)-250(14;)-250(iv.)-250(13,)-250(75.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(360)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(v.)-250(34,)-250(37;)-250(x.)-250(61.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 489 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 490 0 R /Resources 488 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 475 0 R >> endobj 491 0 obj << /D [489 0 R /XYZ 240.046 229.031 null] >> endobj 488 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 494 0 obj << /Length 5479 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(78)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(he)-319(has)-319(immortalised.)-456(He)-319(can)-319(honour)-319(a)-319(simple)-319(manly)-318(character,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(free)-379(from)-379(guile)-379(and)-379(pretence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.948 3.959 Td [(361)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.404 -3.959 Td [(He)-379(has)-379(a)-379(genuine,)-412(exuberant)]TJ -151.352 -13.549 Td [(love)-355(of)-354(the)-355(fresh)-354(joys)-355(of)-354(country)-355(life,)-381(sharpened,)-380(no)-355(doubt,)-380(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(experience)-335(of)-334(the)-335(client)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.846 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-335(sordid)-335(slavery,)-356(amid)-334(the)-335(mingled)]TJ -125.479 -13.55 Td [(poverty)-439(and)-440(lavish)-439(splendour)-439(of)-439(the)-440(capital.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.15 3.959 Td [(362)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.375 -3.959 Td [(Where)-439(could)]TJ -222.525 -13.549 Td [(one)-335(find)-334(a)-335(fresher,)-355(prettier)-335(idyll)-334(than)-335(his)-334(picture)-335(of)-334(the)-335(farm)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Faustinus,)-248(with)-248(its)-247(packed)-247(granaries,)-248(and)-248(its)-247(cellars)-248(fragrant)-247(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-270(juice)-269(of)-270(many)-270(an)-269(old)-270(autumn)-270(vintage,)-274(the)-270(peacock)-269(spreading)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-322(jewelled)-321(plumage,)-340(and)-321(the)-322(ring-dove)-321(cooing)-322(overhead)-321(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-394(towers?)-681(The)-394(elegant)-393(slaves)-394(of)-394(the)-394(great)-393(house)-394(in)-394(the)-393(city)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-403(having)-403(a)-403(holiday,)-442(and)-403(busy,)-442(under)-403(the)-403(bailiff)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 223.253 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-403(care,)-442(with)]TJ -226.885 -13.549 Td [(rural)-387(toils,)-420(or)-387(fishing)-387(in)-386(the)-387(stream.)-660(The)-387(tall)-386(daughters)-387(of)-386(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(neighbouring)-292(cottages)-293(bring)-292(in)-292(their)-293(well-stocked)-292(baskets)-292(to)-292(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(villa,)-315(and)-301(all)-302(gather)-302(joyously)-301(at)-302(evening)-302(to)-302(a)-301(plenteous)-302(meal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(363)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Martial)-422(has,)-464(moreover,)-465(one)-422(great)-422(virtue,)-464(which)-422(is)-422(a)-421(powerful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(antidote)-330(for)-329(many)-330(moral)-330(faults,)-349(the)-330(love)-330(of)-329(the)-330(far-off)-330(home)-329(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-204(childhood,)-213(the)-204(rugged)-204(Bilbilis,)-213(with)-204(its)-204(iron)-204(foundries)-204(near)-204(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sources)-320(of)-320(the)-320(Tagus,)-337(to)-320(which)-320(he)-320(retreated)-320(from)-320(the)-320(crush)-319(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(din)-334(of)-334(plebeian)-334(life)-335(at)-334(Rome,)-355(and)-334(where)-334(he)-334(rests.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.658 3.958 Td [(364)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.934 -3.958 Td [(But)-334(when)]TJ -237.592 -13.55 Td [(charity)-201(or)-201(justice)-201(has)-201(done)-201(its)-201(best)-201(for)-201(Martial,)-211(and)-201(no)-201(scholar)-201(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(repudiate)-216(the)-216(debt,)-223(it)-216(still)-216(remains)-216(true)-216(that)-216(he)-216(represents,)-222(perhaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(better)-171(than)-171(any)-171(other,)-187(that)-171(pagan)-171(world,)-187(naked)-171(and)-172(unabashed,)-186(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feels)-285(no)-284(breath)-285(of)-284(inspiration)-285(from)-285(the)-284(great)-285(spiritual)-284(movement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which,)-270(in)-267(paganism)-266(itself,)-270(was)-267(setting)-266(towards)-266(an)-267(ideal)-266(of)-266(purity)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-250(self-conquest.)]TJ 11.955 -16.943 Td [(Juvenal,)-216(at)-208(least)-207(in)-208(his)-208(later)-207(work,)-216(reveals)-208(a)-207(moral)-208(standard)-208(and)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(motive)-336(apparently)-337(unknown)-336(to)-336(Martial.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 174.962 3.958 Td [(365)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.004 -3.958 Td [(It)-336(may)-337(be)-336(admitted,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -265.722 0 Td [([63])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(indeed,)-376(that)-351(Juvenal)-351(did)-351(not)-350(always)-351(write)-351(under)-351(the)-351(same)-350(high)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impulse.)-518(He)-340(had)-339(the)-340(rhetorician)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.103 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-339(love)-340(of)-339(fine,)-362(telling)-340(phrases,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.513 Td [(361)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(i.)-250(79;)-250(vii.)-250(52.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(362)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(iii.)-250(58;)-250(i.)-250(56;)-250(ii.)-250(38;)-250(cf.)-250(iii.)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(363)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(iii.)-250(58.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(364)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(i.)-250(50;)-250(iv.)-250(55;)-250(xii.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(365)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Especially)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.595 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(xi.)-250(xiii.)-250(xiv.)-250(xv.;)-250(cf.)-250(Munding,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 108.601 0 Td [(\334ber)-250(die)-250(Sat.)-250(Juv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.737 0 Td [(p.)-250(12.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 493 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 494 0 R /Resources 492 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 475 0 R >> endobj 495 0 obj << /D [493 0 R /XYZ 319.297 162.501 null] >> endobj 492 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 498 0 obj << /Length 5747 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(79)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-278(startling)-278(effects.)-333(He)-278(had)-278(a)-278(rare)-278(gift)-278(of)-278(realistic)-278(painting,)-284(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-399(exults)-399(in)-399(using)-399(it.)-697(He)-399(has)-399(also)-399(burning)-399(within)-399(him)-399(an)-398(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plebeian)-415(pride)-414(which)-415(looked)-414(down)-414(at)-415(once)-414(on)-415(the)-414(degenerate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(son)-425(of)-426(an)-425(ancient)-425(house,)-469(and)-426(on)-425(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 171.808 0 Td [(nouveaux)-425(riches)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 73.105 0 Td [(,)-469(whose)]TJ -244.913 -13.55 Td [(rise)-501(seemed)-500(to)-501(him)-500(the)-500(triumph)-501(of)-500(vulgar)-501(opulence)-500(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-349(restraint)-349(of)-349(traditions)-349(or)-349(ideals.)-547(Conscious)-349(of)-349(great)-348(talents,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-394(a)-394(character)-394(almost)-394(fierce)-394(in)-394(its)-394(energy,)-430(he)-394(felt)-394(a)-393(burning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hatred)-242(of)-243(a)-242(society)-243(which)-242(seemed)-243(to)-242(value)-243(only)-242(material)-242(success,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-513(those)-513(supple)-513(and)-512(doubtful)-513(arts)-513(which)-513(could)-513(invent)-512(some)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fresh)-319(stimulus)-319(for)-318(exhausted)-319(appetite.)-456(In)-319(Juvenal)-319(a)-319(great)-318(silent,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sunken)-383(class,)-416(whom)-383(we)-382(hardly)-383(know)-383(otherwise)-383(than)-383(from)-382(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-343(on)-344(their)-343(tombs,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 122.457 3.959 Td [(366)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.454 -3.959 Td [(finds)-343(for)-344(once)-343(a)-344(powerful)-343(voice)]TJ -138.911 -13.549 Td [(and)-316(a)-315(terrible)-315(avenger.)-447(But,)-332(along)-315(with)-316(this)-315(note)-316(of)-315(personal)-315(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class)-216(feeling,)-223(there)-217(is)-216(in)-217(Juvenal)-216(a)-216(higher)-217(moral)-216(intuition,)-223(a)-216(vision)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-362(a)-362(higher)-361(life,)-390(which)-362(had)-361(floated)-362(before)-362(some)-362(Roman)-361(minds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-272(before)-272(his)-272(time,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 91.013 3.959 Td [(367)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.48 -3.959 Td [(and)-272(which)-272(was)-272(destined)-272(to)-272(broaden)-272(into)]TJ -106.492 -13.549 Td [(an)-310(accepted)-310(ideal.)-429(Juvenal,)-325(indeed,)-324(was)-310(no)-310(philosopher,)-325(and)-309(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had,)-380(like)-354(Tacitus,)-381(all)-354(the)-354(old)-354(Roman)-355(distrust)-354(of)-354(the)-354(theories)-354(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-308(schools.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 52.15 3.958 Td [(368)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.093 -3.958 Td [(He)-308(had)-309(probably)-308(little)-309(respect)-308(for)-309(such)-308(teaching)]TJ -69.243 -13.55 Td [(as)-264(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.863 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 6.971 3.959 Td [(369)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.644 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-264(in)-264(important)-264(points)-265(he)-264(and)-264(Seneca)-264(belong)-264(to)]TJ -69.111 -13.549 Td [(the)-342(same)-341(order)-342(of)-341(the)-342(elect.)-525(Although,)-365(perhaps,)-364(a)-342(less)-341(spotless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-330(than)-329(Tacitus,)-350(he)-329(is)-330(far)-329(more)-330(advanced)-329(and)-330(modern)-329(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-285(breadth)-286(of)-285(sympathy)-285(and)-286(moral)-285(feeling.)-356(He)-286(feels)-285(acutely)-285(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-258(conquered)-258(provinces)-258(which)-259(have)-258(been)-258(fleeced)-258(and)-258(despoiled)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-253(their)-254(wealth)-253(and)-254(artistic)-253(treasures,)-255(and)-253(which)-253(are)-254(still)-253(exposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-278(the)-278(peculation)-278(and)-279(cruelty)-278(of)-278(governors)-278(and)-278(their)-278(train.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.807 3.959 Td [(370)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.102 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.909 -13.549 Td [(denounces,)-374(like)-348(Seneca,)-374(the)-349(contempt)-349(and)-349(cruelty)-349(often)-348(shown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-332(slaves.)-495(The)-332(man)-331(whose)-332(ideal)-332(seems)-331(often)-332(to)-332(be)-332(drawn)-331(from)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.388 Td [(366)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.285 0 Td [(Bk.)-243(ii.)-244(c.)-243(3)-230(of)-230(this)-230(work.)-244(M.)-230(Boissier)-230(has)-230(thrown)-230(a)-230(vivid)-230(light)-230(on)-231(this)-230(class)]TJ -20.241 -10.959 Td [(in)-250(his)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.923 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(iii.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.027 -7.31 Td [(367)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(ii.)-250(198;)-250(Nettleship,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.997 0 Td [(Lectures)-250(and)-250(Essays)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 75.461 0 Td [(p.)-250(136.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -227.392 -7.311 Td [(368)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(xiii.)-250(120;)-250(ii.)-250(1)-250(sqq.;)-250(cf.)-250(Mart.)-250(ix.)-250(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(369)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(He)-250(refers,)-250(however,)-250(with)-250(respect)-250(to)-250(Seneca,)-250(viii.)-250(212.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(370)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(viii.)-250(90)-250(sqq.;)-250(cf.)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 92.407 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(332.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 497 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 498 0 R /Resources 496 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 499 0 R >> endobj 496 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 502 0 obj << /Length 5642 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(80)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-353(hard,)-379(stern)-353(warriors)-353(who)-353(crushed)-353(the)-353(Samnites)-352(and)-353(baffled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-330(genius)-329(of)-330(Hannibal,)-350(in)-330(hi)1(s)-330(old)-330(age)-330(has)-329(come)-330(to)-330(glorify)-329(pity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-433(tenderness)-434(for)-433(suffering)-433(as)-434(the)-433(best)-433(gift)-434(of)-433(God,)-479(the)-433(gift)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-349(separates)-349(him)-348(most)-349(widely)-349(from)-349(the)-349(brute)-348(creation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.496 3.958 Td [(371)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.414 -3.958 Td [(He)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -340.665 0 Td [([64])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(preaches)-378(sympathy)-378(and)-378(mutual)-378(help,)-410(in)-378(an)-378(age)-378(torn)-378(by)-377(selfish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(individualist)-253(passions.)-260(He)-253(denounces)-253(the)-254(lust)-253(for)-253(revenge)-253(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-344(the)-344(tones)-343(of)-344(a)-344(Christian)-344(preacher.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.562 3.959 Td [(372)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.251 -3.959 Td [(What)-344(heathen)-344(moralist)]TJ -179.813 -13.549 Td [(has)-380(painted)-381(more)-380(vividly)-380(the)-380(horrors)-381(of)-380(the)-380(guilty)-380(conscience,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-429(unseen)-429(inquisitor,)-474(with)-430(sterner)-429(more)-429(searching)-429(eyes)-429(than)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Rhadamanthus?)-247(Who)-241(has)-241(taught)-240(with)-241(greater)-241(power)-241(that)-241(the)-240(root)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-247(sin)-248(is)-247(in)-248(the)-247(evil)-248(thought?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 121.653 3.959 Td [(373)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.171 -3.959 Td [(Juvenal)-247(realises,)-248(like)-248(Tacitus)-247(and)]TJ -136.824 -13.549 Td [(Quintilian,)-350(the)-329(curse)-330(of)-330(a)-330(tainted)-329(ancestry,)-350(and)-330(the)-329(incalculable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(importance)-356(of)-357(pure)-356(example)-357(in)-356(the)-357(education)-356(of)-357(youth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.519 3.959 Td [(374)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.664 -3.959 Td [(He,)]TJ -265.183 -13.549 Td [(who)-302(knew)-302(so)-302(well)-302(the)-302(awful)-302(secrets)-302(of)-302(Roman)-302(households,)-315(sets)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(an)-286(immense)-286(value)-286(on)-285(the)-286(treasure)-286(of)-286(an)-286(untainted)-286(boyhood,)-294(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-236(of)-237(the)-236(ploughman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.605 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-236(son,)-239(who)-237(waits)-236(at)-236(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 118.059 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-236(simple)-237(meal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -220.93 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(and)-185(sighs)-185(for)-185(his)-185(mother,)-198(and)-185(the)-185(little)-185(cottage,)-198(and)-184(his)-185(playmates)]TJ -4.844 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(kids.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 38.222 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(375)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.431 -3.959 Td [(Observation)-365(of)-364(character)-365(had)-365(also)-364(taught)-365(him)-365(the)]TJ -59.497 -13.549 Td [(fatal)-263(law)-262(that)-263(the)-263(downward)-263(path)-262(in)-263(conduct,)-266(once)-263(entered)-263(on,)-265(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(seldom)-188(retraced.)-229(And)-188(this)-188(moral)-188(insight)-188(seems)-188(to)-188(come)-188(to)-188(Juvenal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-299(from)-298(any)-299(consciously)-298(held)-299(philosophic)-299(doctrine,)-310(nor)-299(from)-298(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(settled)-343(religious)-342(faith.)-527(His)-343(faith,)-366(like)-342(that)-343(of)-342(many)-342(of)-343(his)-342(time,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-304(probably)-304(of)-304(the)-304(vaguest.)-411(He)-304(scorns)-304(and)-304(detests)-304(the)-303(Eastern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worships)-264(which)-265(were)-264(pouring)-264(in)-264(like)-265(a)-264(flood,)-268(and)-264(carrying)-264(away)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-324(loose)-325(women)-324(of)-325(the)-324(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.033 3.958 Td [(376)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.616 -3.958 Td [(He)-324(pillories)-325(the)-324(venal)-325(star-)]TJ -161.649 -13.55 Td [(reader)-287(from)-287(the)-287(East)-287(and)-287(the)-287(Jewish)-287(hag)-287(who)-287(interprets)-286(dreams.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-231(he)-231(has)-231(also)-230(scant)-231(respect)-231(for)-231(classic)-231(mythologies,)-235(and)-230(regrets)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(simple,)-284(long-gone)-278(age,)-284(before)-277(heaven)-277(became)-277(crowded)-277(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.445 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.633 Td [(371)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xv.)-250(131;)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.953 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(5;)-250(ii.)-250(10,)-250(25;)-250(iii.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -113.314 -7.311 Td [(372)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xiii.)-250(190.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(373)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(xiii.)-250(208,)-250(nam)-250(scelus)-250(intra)-250(se)-250(tacitum)-250(qui)-250(cogitat)-250(ullum)-250(Facti)-250(crimen)-250(habet.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(374)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(xiv.)-250(30;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.566 0 Td [(De)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.141 0 Td [(28,)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.414 -7.394 Td [(375)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(xi.)-250(153.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(376)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(vi.)-250(510.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 501 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 502 0 R /Resources 500 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 499 0 R >> endobj 503 0 obj << /D [501 0 R /XYZ 305.173 477.528 null] >> endobj 500 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 506 0 obj << /Length 5358 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(81)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(divinities,)-203(before)-191(Saturn)-190(had)-191(exchanged)-191(the)-191(diadem)-191(for)-191(the)-190(sickle,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-230(Juno)-229(was)-230(still)-230(a)-230(little)-229(maid,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.007 3.959 Td [(377)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.003 -3.959 Td [(when)-230(the)-229(terrors)-230(of)-230(Tartarus,)]TJ -157.01 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(wheel,)-334(the)-317(vulture,)-334(and)-317(the)-318(lash)-317(of)-317(the)-317(Furies)-317(had)-317(not)-317(taken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(place)-250(of)-250(a)-250(simple)-250(natural)-250(conscience.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.618 3.958 Td [(378)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -164.662 -21.007 Td [(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-363(moral)-363(tone)-363(then)-364(appears)-363(to)-363(unite)-363(the)-363(spirit)-363(of)-363(two)]TJ -48.916 -13.549 Td [(different)-302(ages.)-406(In)-302(some)-302(of)-302(his)-302(later)-302(Satires)-302(you)-302(catch)-302(the)-301(accent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-266(the)-266(age)-265(which)-266(was)-266(just)-266(opening)-265(when)-266(Juvenal)-266(began)-266(to)-265(write,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-389(growing)-388(sense)-389(of)-389(the)-388(equality)-389(and)-389(brotherhood)-388(of)-389(man,)-423(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cosmopolitan)-332(morality,)-352(its)-331(ideals)-332(of)-331(spiritual)-332(culture.)-495(But)-331(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-219(other)-220(elements)-219(in)-219(Juvenal,)-225(derived)-220(from)-219(old)-219(Roman)-219(prejudice)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([65])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(and)-328(conventionality,)-348(or)-328(the)-328(result)-329(of)-328(personal)-328(temperament)-328(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(experience,)-421(which)-386(are)-387(quite)-386(as)-386(prominent.)-660(Juvenal)-386(is)-387(an)-386(utter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pessimist)-327(about)-327(his)-327(time,)-346(more)-327(extreme)-327(even)-327(than)-327(Tacitus.)-480(His)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(age,)-419(if)-386(we)-386(believe)-385(him,)-420(has)-385(attained)-386(the)-385(climax)-386(of)-385(corruption,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-292(posterity)-292(will)-292(never)-291(improve)-292(upon)-292(its)-292(finished)-292(depravity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.176 3.959 Td [(379)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.176 -17.508 Td [(His)-516(long)-515(practice)-516(as)-516(a)-516(declaimer)-516(had)-515(given)-516(him)-516(a)-516(habit)-515(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exaggeration,)-373(and)-349(of)-348(aiming)-349(rather)-349(at)-348(rhetorical)-349(brilliancy)-348(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth.)-1060(Whole)-520(passages)-520(in)-520(his)-520(poems)-520(read)-520(like)-520(declamatory)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(exercises)-191(turned)-191(into)-190(verse.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.819 3.959 Td [(380)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.966 -3.959 Td [(A)-191(mere)-191(hanger-on)-190(of)-191(great)-191(society,)]TJ -131.785 -13.549 Td [(one)-173(of)-173(the)-173(obscure)-173(crowd)-173(who)-173(flocked)-174(to)-173(the)-173(rich)-173(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 227.311 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-173(lev\351e,)-189(and)]TJ -230.943 -13.549 Td [(knowing)-217(the)-218(life)-217(of)-217(the)-218(aristocracy)-217(only)-217(by)-218(remote)-217(observation)-217(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(voice)-334(of)-335(scandalous)-335(gossip,)-356(he)-334(hardly)-335(deserves)-335(the)-334(implicit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trust)-395(which)-395(has)-395(been)-395(often)-395(accorded)-395(to)-395(his)-395(indictments)-395(of)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(society)-276(of)-276(his)-276(day.)-328(His)-276(generalisations)-276(are)-276(of)-275(the)-276(most)-276(sweeping)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kind;)-504(the)-419(colours)-419(are)-419(all)-419(dark.)-758(He)-419(thinks)-419(that)-419(the)-419(number)-419(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decent)-378(people)-377(in)-378(his)-377(day)-378(is)-378(infinitesimally)-377(small.)-633(And)-378(yet)-377(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-365(reasonably)-365(suspect,)-393(from)-365(his)-365(own)-364(evidence,)-394(that)-365(he)-364(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generalised)-169(from)-169(single)-169(cases,)-186(that)-169(he)-169(treated)-169(abnormal)-169(specimens)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-310(types.)-431(His)-310(moral)-311(ideals)-310(cannot)-310(have)-310(been)-311(a)-310(monopoly)-310(of)-310(his)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.269 Td [(377)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(xiii.)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(378)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(xiii.)-250(208.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(379)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(87,)-250(147;)-250(x.)-250(172)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 109.587 0 Td [(Nat.)-250(Q.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.396 0 Td [(vii.)-250(31;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.653 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(8)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -200.995 -7.311 Td [(380)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(e.g.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.45 0 Td [(the)-279(picture)-279(of)-280(Otho,)-286(ii.)-338(99;)-293(of)-280(Messalina,)-286(vi.)-338(114;)-293(Lateranus,)-287(viii.)-338(146;)]TJ -27.405 -10.959 Td [(Sejanus,)-250(x.)-250(56;)-250(Cicero,)-250(etc.,)-250(viii.)-250(231.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 505 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 506 0 R /Resources 504 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 499 0 R >> endobj 507 0 obj << /D [505 0 R /XYZ 286.809 392.733 null] >> endobj 504 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 510 0 obj << /Length 5368 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(82)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(own.)-443(In)-314(the)-315(palace)-314(of)-315(Nero)-314(in)-314(the)-315(worst)-314(days,)-330(there)-315(was)-314(a)-314(pure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Octavia)-299(as)-299(well)-300(as)-299(a)-299(voluptuous)-299(Poppaea.)-398(The)-299(wife)-299(and)-299(mother)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-419(the)-420(gross)-419(Vitellius)-420(were)-419(women)-420(of)-419(spotless)-420(fame.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.119 3.959 Td [(381)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.726 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(in)-388(reading)-389(the)-388(fierce,)-423(unmeasured)-388(declamation)-388(of)-389(Juvenal,)-422(we)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(should)-408(never)-408(forget)-408(that)-408(he)-408(knew)-408(nothing)-408(personally)-408(of)-407(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-365(Tacitus,)-393(or)-365(of)-365(the)-365(circle)-365(which)-365(surrounded)-365(Verginius)-364(Rufus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-483(Spurinna.)-948(He)-483(has)-483(the)-482(same)-483(pessimist)-483(theory)-483(of)-482(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(declension)-397(which)-397(was)-397(held)-398(by)-397(Seneca)-397(and)-397(by)-397(Tacitus.)-691(Every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(form)-284(of)-284(crime)-284(and)-284(sensuality)-284(has)-284(been)-284(rampant)-284(since)-284(Rome)-283(lost)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-356(treasure)-357(of)-356(poverty,)-383(since)-357(the)-356(days)-356(when)-357(silver)-356(shone)-356(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-379(the)-379(Roman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.024 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-379(arms.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.312 3.959 Td [(382)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.399 -3.959 Td [(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-379(ideal)-379(lies)-379(in)-379(that)-378(mythical)]TJ -156.327 -13.549 Td [(past)-394(when)-394(a)-394(Curius,)-430(thrice)-394(consul,)-430(strode)-394(homeward)-394(from)-393(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hills,)-323(mattock)-309(on)-309(shoulder,)-323(to)-309(a)-309(meal)-308(of)-309(home-grown)-309(herbs)-308(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bacon)-209(served)-209(on)-209(earthenware.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.304 3.958 Td [(383)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.032 -3.958 Td [(It)-209(is)-209(the)-209(luxury)-209(of)-209(the)-209(conquered)]TJ -143.336 -13.55 Td [(lands)-287(which)-287(has)-286(relaxed)-287(the)-287(Roman)-287(fibre,)-296(which)-287(has)-286(introduced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-320(false)-319(standard)-320(of)-320(life,)-337(degraded)-319(great)-320(houses,)-337(and)-320(flooded)-319(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([66])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(city)-219(with)-220(an)-219(alien)-219(crew)-220(of)-219(astrologers)-220(and)-219(grammarians,)-225(parasites)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(pimps.)]TJ 11.956 -17.049 Td [(Modern)-404(criticism)-403(has)-404(laboured)-404(hard)-404(to)-403(correct)-404(some)-404(of)-403(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(harsher)-515(judgments)-514(on)-515(the)-515(luxury)-514(and)-515(self-indulgence)-515(of)-514(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(period)-515(of)-514(the)-515(early)-515(Empire.)-1044(Perhaps)-514(the)-515(scholarly)-514(reaction)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-445(an)-445(indictment)-446(which)-445(had)-445(degenerated)-445(sometimes)-445(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ignorant)-383(commonplace,)-415(may)-383(have)-382(been)-383(carried)-382(here)-383(and)-382(there)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(too)-344(far.)-533(The)-345(testimony)-344(of)-344(Tacitus)-345(is)-344(explicit)-344(that)-345(the)-344(luxury)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-273(table)-273(reached)-273(its)-273(height)-273(in)-273(the)-273(hundred)-273(years)-273(extending)-272(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-321(battle)-321(of)-321(Actium)-320(to)-321(the)-321(accession)-321(of)-321(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.658 3.959 Td [(384)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.499 -3.959 Td [(It)-321(was)-321(a)]TJ -245.157 -13.549 Td [(period)-342(of)-343(enormous)-342(fortunes)-342(spent)-343(in)-342(enormous)-342(waste.)-527(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-383(Pallas)-383(or)-383(Narcissus)-383(had)-383(accumulated)-383(wealth)-383(probably)-382(three)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-408(four)-408(times)-408(greater)-409(than)-408(even)-408(the)-408(fortune)-408(of)-408(a)-408(Crassus)-408(or)-408(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.269 Td [(381)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.665 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.677 0 Td [(ii.)-333(64;)-291(cf.)-333(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.151 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.692 0 Td [(iv.)-333(19;)-291(iii.)-333(16;)-291(D.)-278(Cass.)-332(68.)-333(5;)-291(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 128.864 0 Td [(ad)-278(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -250.005 -10.959 Td [(xiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(382)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xi.)-250(109;)-250(iii.)-250(152,)-250(183.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(383)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(xi.)-250(78.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(384)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iii.)-250(55;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.595 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(x.)-250(3;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.184 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(89,)-250(\247)-250(22.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 509 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 510 0 R /Resources 508 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 499 0 R >> endobj 511 0 obj << /D [509 0 R /XYZ 178.979 314.937 null] >> endobj 508 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 514 0 obj << /Length 5844 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(83)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Lucullus.)-243(The)-228(long)-229(peace,)-233(the)-228(safety)-229(of)-228(the)-229(seas,)-232(and)-229(the)-228(freedom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-308(trade,)-322(had)-308(made)-307(Rome)-308(the)-308(entrep\364t)-307(for)-308(the)-308(peculiar)-307(products)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-283(the)-284(delicacies)-283(of)-284(every)-283(land)-283(from)-284(the)-283(British)-284(Channel)-283(to)-283(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ganges.)-239(The)-218(costly)-217(variety)-218(of)-217(these)-218(foreign)-217(dainties)-218(was)-217(vulgarly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(paraded)-338(at)-338(every)-338(great)-338(dinner-party.)-514(Palaces,)-360(extending)-338(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(over)-384(the)-384(area)-385(of)-384(a)-384(town,)-418(were)-384(adorned)-384(with)-384(marbles)-384(from)-384(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quarries)-290(of)-291(Paros,)-300(Laconia,)-301(Phrygia,)-301(or)-290(Numidia,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.061 3.959 Td [(385)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.732 -3.959 Td [(with)-290(gilded)]TJ -230.793 -13.549 Td [(ceilings)-439(and)-439(curious)-439(panels)-439(changing)-439(with)-439(the)-439(courses)-439(of)-438(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(banquet,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.266 3.958 Td [(386)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.744 -3.958 Td [(with)-365(hundreds)-364(of)-365(tables)-365(of)-364(citrus-wood,)-394(resting)-365(on)]TJ -54.01 -13.55 Td [(pillars)-301(of)-300(ivory,)-313(each)-301(costing)-300(a)-300(moderate)-301(fortune,)-313(with)-300(priceless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bronzes)-454(and)-453(masterpieces)-454(of)-453(ancient)-454(plate.)-860(Nearly)-454(a)-453(million)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(each)-405(year)-406(was)-405(drained)-406(away)-405(to)-406(the)-405(remoter)-406(East,)-444(to)-405(purchase)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aromatics)-451(and)-452(jewels)-451(for)-452(the)-451(elaborate)-451(toilette)-452(of)-451(the)-451(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lady.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.513 3.958 Td [(387)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.065 -3.958 Td [(Hundreds)-399(of)-400(household)-399(slaves,)-436(each)-400(with)-399(his)-399(minute)]TJ -41.578 -13.55 Td [(special)-310(function,)-324(anticipated)-310(every)-310(want,)-324(or)-310(ministered)-310(to)-309(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passion)-311(of)-311(their)-312(masters.)-433(Every)-312(picturesque)-311(or)-311(sheltered)-311(site)-311(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-243(great)-243(lakes,)-245(on)-243(the)-243(Anio,)-245(or)-243(the)-243(Alban)-244(hills,)-244(in)-243(the)-243(Laurentine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pine)-311(forests,)-326(or)-312(on)-311(the)-311(bays)-311(of)-311(Campania,)-326(was)-311(occupied)-311(by)-311(far-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spreading)-288(country)-287(seats.)-364(Lavish)-287(expenditure)-288(and)-288(luxurious)-287(state)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-335(an)-334(imperious)-335(duty)-334(of)-335(rank,)-356(even)-334(without)-335(the)-334(precept)-335(of)-334(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.077 3.959 Td [(388)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.427 -3.959 Td [(The)-288(senator)-288(who)-288(paid)-288(too)-289(low)-288(a)-288(rent,)-297(or)-288(rode)-289(along)]TJ -55.504 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(Appian)-285(or)-285(Flaminian)-286(Way)-285(with)-285(too)-285(scanty)-285(a)-285(train,)-294(became)-285(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([67])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(marked)-216(man,)-224(and)-216(immediately)-216(lost)-217(caste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.704 3.959 Td [(389)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.058 -3.959 Td [(These)-216(are)-217(the)-216(merest)]TJ -191.762 -13.549 Td [(commonplace)-250(of)-250(the)-250(social)-250(history)-250(of)-250(the)-250(time.)]TJ 11.956 -18.054 Td [(Yet)-519(in)-518(spite)-519(of)-519(the)-519(admitted)-518(facts)-519(of)-519(profusion)-519(and)-518(self-)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(indulgence,)-514(we)-461(may)-461(decline)-461(to)-461(accept)-461(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 214.039 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-461(view)-461(of)-461(the)]TJ -217.671 -13.55 Td [(luxury)-285(of)-284(the)-285(age)-285(without)-284(some)-285(reserve.)-354(It)-285(is)-284(indeed)-285(no)-284(apology)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-160(the)-161(sensuality)-160(of)-160(a)-160(section)-161(of)-160(the)-160(Roman)-161(aristocracy)-160(in)-160(that)-160(day,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.388 Td [(385)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Statius,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.898 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(v.)-250(36;)-250(ii.)-250(85.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.537 -7.31 Td [(386)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(c.)-250(60;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.992 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(95,)-250(\247)-250(9;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.296 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(p.)-250(67.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -194.763 -7.311 Td [(387)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.924 0 Td [(H.)-246(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.344 0 Td [(vi.)-249(26;)-247(ix.)-248(58;)-248(xii.)-248(41.)-249(Cf.)-248(Friedl.)-249(iii.)-248(p.)-249(80;)-247(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 175.416 0 Td [(R\366m.)-249(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.326 0 Td [(ii.)-249(53.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -259.716 -7.31 Td [(388)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.361 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-294(xxx.)-354(putabat)-285(sordidos)-284(ac)-285(parcos)-285(esse)-285(quibus)-285(ratio)-284(impensarum)]TJ -51.249 -10.959 Td [(constaret,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.311 Td [(389)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(87,)-250(\247)-250(4;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.817 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.445 0 Td [(xxxv.;)-250(Friedl.)-250(i.)-250(196.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 513 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 514 0 R /Resources 512 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 499 0 R >> endobj 515 0 obj << /D [513 0 R /XYZ 286.131 233.642 null] >> endobj 512 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 518 0 obj << /Length 6272 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(84)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-312(point)-312(out)-312(that)-312(the)-312(very)-312(same)-312(excesses)-312(made)-312(their)-311(appearance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(two)-362(centuries)-361(before)-362(him,)-390(and)-361(that)-362(they)-362(wi)1(ll)-362(be)-362(lamented)-361(both)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-275(Pagan)-276(and)-275(Christian)-276(moralists)-275(three)-275(centuries)-276(after)-275(his)-275(death.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-243(these)-243(facts)-243(suggest)-244(a)-243(doubt)-243(whether)-243(the)-243(cancer)-243(of)-243(luxury)-243(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(struck)-172(so)-171(deep)-172(as)-172(satirists)-171(thought)-172(into)-171(the)-172(vitals)-172(of)-171(a)-172(society)-171(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remained)-258(for)-257(so)-258(many)-258(centuries)-258(erect)-257(and)-258(strong.)-273(Before)-258(the)-257(end)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-236(the)-236(third)-235(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 86.032 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-239(began)-235(the)-236(long)-236(series)-236(of)-236(sumptuary)-235(laws)]TJ -101.106 -13.549 Td [(which)-292(Tiberius)-292(treated)-292(as)-292(so)-292(futile.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.17 3.959 Td [(390)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.552 -3.959 Td [(The)-292(elder)-292(Pliny)-292(and)-292(Livy)]TJ -169.722 -13.549 Td [(date)-223(the)-223(introduction)-223(of)-222(luxurious)-223(furniture)-223(from)-223(the)-223(return)-223(of)-222(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(army)-190(in)-189(188)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 53.471 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-202(after)-189(the)-190(campaign)-189(in)-190(Asia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.138 3.959 Td [(391)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.961 -3.959 Td [(Crassus,)-202(who)-189(left,)]TJ -203.644 -13.549 Td [(after)-228(the)-228(most)-229(prodigal)-228(expenditure,)-232(a)-229(fortune)-228(of)-228(\2431,700,000,)-232(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-212(town)-211(house)-212(which)-212(cost)-211(over)-212(\24360,000.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.769 3.959 Td [(392)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.041 -3.959 Td [(The)-212(lavish)-211(banquets)-212(of)]TJ -182.81 -13.549 Td [(Lucullus)-311(were)-310(proverbial,)-326(and)-311(his)-311(villa)-310(at)-311(Misenum)-311(was)-310(valued)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-244(\24324,000.)-248(It)-244(was)-244(an)-243(age)-244(when)-244(more)-244(than)-244(\2431000)-244(was)-244(given)-244(for)-243(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(slave-cook)-299(or)-298(a)-299(pair)-298(of)-299(silver)-298(cups.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.744 3.959 Td [(393)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.769 -3.959 Td [(Macrobius)-299(has)-298(preserved)]TJ -170.513 -13.549 Td [(the)-260(menu)-261(of)-260(a)-261(pontifical)-260(banquet,)-263(at)-261(which)-260(Julius)-261(Caesar)-260(and)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vestals)-308(were)-308(present,)-322(and)-308(which)-307(in)-308(its)-308(costly)-308(variety)-307(surpassed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-313(he)-313(says,)-329(any)-313(epicurism)-314(of)-313(the)-313(reign)-313(of)-313(Honorius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.85 3.959 Td [(394)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.247 -3.959 Td [(And)-313(yet)]TJ -245.097 -13.549 Td [(Ammianus)-436(and)-436(S.)-436(Jerome)-436(level)-436(very)-436(much)-436(the)-436(same)-435(charges)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(against)-332(the)-331(nobles)-332(of)-331(the)-332(fourth)-331(century,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.942 3.959 Td [(395)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.292 -3.959 Td [(which)-331(satire)-332(makes)]TJ -195.234 -13.549 Td [(against)-213(the)-213(nobles)-214(of)-213(the)-213(first.)-238(When)-213(we)-213(hear)-213(the)-213(same)-213(anathemas)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-318(luxury)-317(in)-318(the)-317(days)-318(of)-317(Lucullus)-318(and)-317(in)-318(the)-317(reign)-318(of)-317(Honorius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(separated)-367(by)-368(an)-367(interval)-367(of)-368(more)-367(than)-367(five)-368(centuries,)-396(in)-367(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-405(Roman)-404(race)-405(stamped)-404(itself)-405(on)-405(the)-404(page)-405(of)-404(history)-405(and)-404(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-251(face)-250(of)-251(nature)-251(by)-250(the)-251(most)-251(splendid)-250(achievements)-251(of)-250(military)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtue)-237(and)-236(of)-236(civilising)-237(energy,)-239(we)-237(are)-236(inclined)-237(to)-236(question)-236(either)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(report)-258(of)-259(our)-259(authorities,)-261(or)-259(the)-258(satirist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.09 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-259(interpretation)-258(of)-259(the)]TJ -186.723 -13.549 Td [(social)-250(facts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([68])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.592 Td [(390)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-250(xxxiv.)-250(1;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.987 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iii.)-250(53,)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.622 -7.311 Td [(391)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-250(xxxiv.)-250(6,)-250(7;)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 83.934 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(62,)-250(162;)-250(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 72.986 0 Td [(R.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(ii.)-250(409.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -217.942 -7.311 Td [(392)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(R.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(iii.)-250(417.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -75.475 -7.31 Td [(393)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.852 0 Td [(418;)-243(cf.)-246(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.437 0 Td [(H.)-239(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.221 0 Td [(ix.)-246(80,)-241(81;)-243(x.)-246(23;)-243(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 79.901 0 Td [(Lucull.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.301 0 Td [(c.)-246(40;)-243(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.4 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.843 0 Td [(iii.)]TJ -270.911 -10.959 Td [(13,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(394)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(iii.)-250(13,)-250(\247)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -60.017 -7.394 Td [(395)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.383 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(117,)-250(\247)-250(8;)-250(Amm.)-250(Marc.)-250(xiv.)-250(6,)-250(7;)-250(xxviii.)-250(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 517 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 518 0 R /Resources 516 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 499 0 R >> endobj 519 0 obj << /D [517 0 R /XYZ 93.543 152.249 null] >> endobj 516 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 522 0 obj << /Length 5291 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(85)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(The)-436(good)-437(faith)-436(of)-437(the)-436(elder)-436(Pliny,)-483(of)-437(Seneca)-436(and)-436(Juvenal,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(need)-337(not,)-358(indeed,)-359(be)-337(called)-337(in)-337(question.)-510(But)-337(the)-337(first)-337(two)-336(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-350(who)-350(led)-351(by)-350(preference)-350(an)-350(almost)-350(ascetic)-351(life.)-550(The)-350(satirist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-339(a)-339(man)-339(whose)-339(culinary)-339(tastes)-339(were)-339(satisfied)-339(by)-339(the)-339(kid)-339(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(eggs)-500(and)-501(asparagus)-500(of)-500(his)-500(little)-500(farm)-501(at)-500(Tibur.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.686 3.959 Td [(396)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.371 -3.959 Td [(And)-500(the)]TJ -243.057 -13.549 Td [(simple)-443(abstemious)-442(habits)-443(of)-443(the)-443(south,)-490(which)-443(are)-443(largely)-442(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(result)-219(of)-220(climate,)-225(tended)-219(to)-220(throw)-219(into)-219(more)-220(startling)-219(contrast)-219(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indulgence)-311(of)-311(superfluous)-311(appetite.)-434(It)-311(is)-311(true)-311(that)-311(the)-311(conquests)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-442(unlocked)-442(the)-441(hoarded)-442(treasures)-442(of)-442(eastern)-441(monarchies,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gave)-401(a)-401(great)-401(shock)-400(to)-401(the)-401(hardy)-401(frugality)-401(and)-401(self-restraint)-400(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-307(old)-308(Roman)-307(character,)-322(just)-307(as)-308(the)-307(stern)-308(simplicity)-307(of)-307(Spartan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(breeding)-428(was)-429(imperilled)-428(by)-429(contact)-428(with)-429(the)-428(laxer)-429(life)-428(of)-428(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hellespontine)-268(towns)-268(and)-268(the)-268(wealth)-268(of)-268(the)-268(Persian)-268(court.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.897 3.959 Td [(397)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.77 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-322(aristocracy)-322(were)-322(for)-322(two)-322(centuries)-322(exposed)-322(to)-322(the)-321(same)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(temptations)-371(as)-371(the)-371(treasures)-371(of)-371(the)-371(Incas)-371(offered)-371(to)-371(Pizarro,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(398)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(or)-415(the)-415(treasures)-415(of)-415(the)-415(Moguls)-415(to)-415(Clive.)-745(In)-415(the)-415(wild)-414(licence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-259(prevailed)-259(in)-259(certain)-259(circles)-259(for)-259(more)-259(than)-259(a)-259(century,)-261(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-219(fortune)-219(and)-219(many)-219(a)-218(character)-219(were)-219(wrecked.)-240(Yet)-219(the)-219(result)-218(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(easily)-234(be)-234(exaggerated.)-244(Extravagant)-234(luxury)-234(and)-234(self-indulgence)-233(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-262(all)-262(times)-262(only)-262(possible)-261(to)-262(a)-262(comparatively)-262(small)-262(number.)-285(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(luxury,)-258(after)-256(all,)-258(is)-256(a)-257(relative)-256(term.)-269(The)-256(luxuries)-257(of)-256(one)-256(age)-256(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(become)-341(the)-341(necessities)-341(of)-341(the)-341(next.)-523(There)-341(are)-341(many)-341(articles)-341(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(food)-302(or)-303(dress,)-315(which)-303(free-trade)-302(and)-303(science)-302(have)-303(brought)-302(to)-302(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doors)-335(of)-335(our)-335(cottagers,)-356(which)-335(would)-335(have)-335(incurred)-335(the)-335(censure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-313(the)-314(elder)-313(Pliny)-313(or)-313(of)-314(Seneca.)-440(There)-313(are)-313(aldermanic)-313(banquets)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-339(New)-338(York)-339(or)-338(the)-339(city)-338(of)-339(London)-339(in)-338(our)-339(own)-338(day,)-361(which)-338(far)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surpass,)-408(in)-376(costliness)-376(and)-377(variety,)-407(the)-377(banquets)-376(of)-376(Lucullus)-376(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-234(pontiff)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.581 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-234(feast)-234(described)-235(by)-234(Macrobius.)-245(The)-234(wealth)-234(of)-234(Pallas,)]TJ -49.214 -13.549 Td [(Narcissus,)-476(or)-431(Seneca,)-476(was)-430(only)-431(a)-431(fraction)-430(of)-431(many)-431(a)-430(fortune)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accumulated)-287(in)-288(the)-287(last)-287(thirty)-287(years)-287(in)-288(the)-287(United)-287(States.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.267 3.958 Td [(399)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.4 -3.958 Td [(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 103.31 Td [(396)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xi.)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(397)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Thucyd.)-250(i.)-250(95.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(398)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Prescott,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.373 0 Td [(Conquest)-250(of)-250(Peru)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.764 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(304.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.843 -7.311 Td [(399)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.752 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.204 0 Td [(xii.)-342(53)-281(\050Pallas\051;)-296(D.)-281(Cass.)-343(60.)-342(34)-281(\050Narcissus\051;)-296(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 182.782 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.205 0 Td [(xiii.)-342(42;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 521 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 522 0 R /Resources 520 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 523 0 R >> endobj 520 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 526 0 obj << /Length 4799 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(86)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(exaggerated)-384(idea)-384(of)-384(Roman)-383(riches)-384(and)-384(waste)-384(has)-384(been)-383(further)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heightened)-327(by)-328(the)-327(colossal)-328(extravagance)-327(of)-328(the)-327(worst)-327(emperors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-209(a)-209(few)-209(of)-209(their)-209(boon)-209(companions)-208(and)-209(imitators.)-237(But)-209(we)-209(are)-208(apt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-318(forget)-317(that)-318(these)-317(were)-318(the)-317(outbreaks)-318(of)-317(morbid)-318(and)-317(eccentric)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(character,)-447(in)-407(which)-407(the)-407(last)-408(feeble)-407(restraints)-407(were)-407(sapped)-407(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(swept)-258(away)-259(by)-258(the)-258(sense)-259(of)-258(having)-258(at)-259(command)-258(the)-258(resources)-258(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([69])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(a)-209(world.)-236(Nero)-209(is)-209(expressly)-209(described)-209(by)-209(the)-209(historian)-209(as)-209(a)-209(lover)-209(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-291(impossible;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.82 3.959 Td [(400)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.854 -3.959 Td [(and)-291(both)-291(he)-291(and)-292(Caligula)-291(had)-291(floating)-291(before)]TJ -82.674 -13.549 Td [(their)-251(disordered)-250(imaginations)-251(the)-251(dream)-250(of)-251(astounding)-250(triumphs,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(even)-313(over)-314(the)-313(most)-314(defiant)-313(forces)-313(and)-314(barriers)-313(of)-313(nature.)-440(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-362(much)-362(in)-362(the)-362(extravagance)-362(of)-362(their)-362(courtiers)-362(and)-361(imitators,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(springing)-362(from)-361(the)-362(same)-361(love)-361(of)-362(sensation)-361(and)-362(display.)-584(Rome)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-281(a)-281(city)-282(of)-281(gossip,)-289(and)-281(the)-281(ambition)-282(to)-281(be)-281(talked)-281(about,)-289(as)-281(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inventor)-214(of)-214(some)-213(new)-214(freak)-214(of)-214(prodigality,)-221(was)-214(probably)-214(the)-213(only)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ambition)-250(of)-250(the)-250(blas\351)-250(spendthrift)-250(of)-250(the)-250(time.)]TJ 11.956 -14.268 Td [(Yet,)-604(after)-534(all)-533(the)-534(deductions)-533(of)-534(scrupulous)-533(criticism,)-604(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(profound)-295(moral)-295(sense)-295(of)-296(Juvenal)-295(has)-295(laid)-295(bare)-295(and)-295(painted)-295(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-271(realistic)-272(power,)-276(hardly)-272(equalled)-271(even)-271(by)-272(Tacitus,)-276(an)-271(unhealthy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temper)-266(in)-266(the)-266(upper)-266(classes,)-271(which)-266(was)-266(full)-266(of)-266(peril.)-298(He)-266(has)-266(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revealed,)-215(alongside)-207(of)-207(this)-206(decline,)-216(a)-206(great)-207(social)-206(change,)-216(we)-206(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-222(call)-222(it)-221(a)-222(crisis,)-228(which)-222(the)-221(historian,)-228(generally)-222(more)-221(occupied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-325(the)-324(great)-325(figures)-324(on)-325(the)-324(stage,)-344(is)-324(apt)-325(to)-324(ignore.)-474(The)-324(decay)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-346(the)-345(morale)-346(and)-345(wealth)-346(of)-345(the)-346(senatorial)-345(order,)-370(together)-345(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-256(growing)-255(power)-256(of)-256(a)-255(new)-256(moneyed)-255(class,)-258(the)-255(rise)-256(to)-255(opulence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-300(the)-300(freedman)-301(and)-300(the)-300(petty)-300(trader,)-313(the)-300(invasion)-300(of)-300(Greek)-300(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Oriental)-377(influences,)-410(and)-377(the)-377(perilous)-378(or)-377(hopeful)-377(emancipation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(especially)-229(of)-229(women,)-233(from)-229(old)-229(Roman)-228(conventionality,)-234(these)-228(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-377(great)-377(facts)-377(in)-376(the)-377(social)-377(history)-377(of)-377(the)-377(first)-377(century)-376(which,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-298(all)-299(his)-298(rhetoric,)-310(stand)-298(out)-299(clearly)-298(to)-298(the)-299(eye)-298(of)-298(the)-298(careful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(student)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist.)]TJ 11.956 -14.269 Td [(The)-317(famous)-317(piece,)-333(in)-317(which)-317(Juvenal)-317(describes)-317(an)-316(effeminate)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Fabius)-503(or)-503(Lepidus,)-567(before)-503(the)-503(mutilated)-503(statues)-503(and)-503(smoke-)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 86.211 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 93.543 77.262 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(61.)-250(10;)-250(cf.)-250(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(p.)-250(598.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(400)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(42.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 525 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 526 0 R /Resources 524 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 523 0 R >> endobj 527 0 obj << /D [525 0 R /XYZ 215.876 450.429 null] >> endobj 524 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 530 0 obj << /Length 5732 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(87)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(stained)-251(pedigree)-250(of)-251(his)-250(house,)-251(rattling)-250(the)-251(dice-box)-250(till)-251(the)-250(dawn,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-292(sunk)-292(in)-293(the)-292(stupor)-292(of)-292(debauch)-292(at)-293(the)-292(hour)-292(when)-292(his)-292(ancestors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-262(sounding)-262(their)-263(trumpets)-262(for)-262(the)-262(march,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.58 3.959 Td [(401)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.347 -3.959 Td [(has,)-265(for)-262(eighteen)]TJ -207.927 -13.549 Td [(centuries,)-366(inspired)-342(many)-343(a)-343(homily)-342(on)-343(the)-343(vanity)-342(of)-343(mere)-342(birth.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Its)-408(moral)-408(is)-407(now)-408(a)-408(hackneyed)-408(one.)-723(But,)-447(when)-408(the)-408(piece)-407(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(written,)-236(it)-232(must)-233(have)-232(been)-233(a)-232(powerful)-232(indictment.)-245(For)-232(the)-232(respect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-463(long)-463(descent)-463(was)-462(still)-463(deep)-463(in)-463(the)-463(true)-463(Roman,)-516(and)-462(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gratified)-261(by)-260(fabulous)-261(genealogies)-260(to)-261(the)-261(end.)-281(Pliny)-261(extols)-260(Trajan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-362(reserving)-361(for)-362(youths)-361(of)-362(illustrious)-361(birth)-362(the)-361(honours)-362(due)-361(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-351(race.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.717 3.959 Td [(402)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.485 -3.959 Td [(Suetonius)-351(recounts)-351(the)-351(twenty-eight)-351(consulships,)]TJ -63.202 -13.549 Td [(five)-277(dictatorships,)-283(seven)-276(censorships,)-284(and)-276(many)-277(triumphs)-276(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([70])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(were)-359(the)-359(glory)-358(of)-359(the)-359(great)-359(Claudian)-358(house,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.75 3.959 Td [(403)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.664 -3.959 Td [(and)-359(the)-358(similar)]TJ -213.414 -13.549 Td [(honours)-495(which)-494(had)-495(been)-495(borne)-495(by)-494(the)-495(paternal)-495(ancestors)-494(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.535 3.958 Td [(404)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.204 -3.958 Td [(Tacitus,)-289(although)-281(not)-282(himself)-281(a)-281(man)-281(of)-282(old)-281(family,)-289(has)]TJ -40.739 -13.55 Td [(a)-281(profound)-280(belief)-281(in)-280(noble)-281(tradition,)-288(and)-280(sometimes)-281(speaks)-280(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-403(undisguised)-403(scorn)-403(of)-403(a)-403(low)-403(alliance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.383 3.959 Td [(405)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.19 -3.959 Td [(As)-403(the)-403(number)-403(of)]TJ -199.573 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.839 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Trojugenae)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.68 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.352 0 Td [(dwindled,)-339(the)-322(pride)-322(of)-321(the)-322(vanishing)-321(remnant)]TJ -79.715 -13.549 Td [(probably)-461(grew)-461(in)-461(proportion,)-513(and)-461(a)-461(clan)-461(like)-461(the)-460(Calpurnian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reluctantly)-367(yielded)-368(precedence)-367(even)-367(to)-367(Tiberius)-368(or)-367(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 254.946 3.958 Td [(406)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.019 -3.958 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.55 Td [(is)-324(a)-324(sign)-324(of)-323(the)-324(social)-324(tone)-324(that)-324(the)-324(manufacture)-324(of)-323(genealogies)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-432(the)-433(new)-432(men,)-478(who)-432(came)-432(into)-433(prominence)-432(from)-432(the)-432(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-370(Vespasian,)-400(went)-370(on)-371(apace.)-610(A)-370(Trojan)-370(citizen)-370(in)-370(the)-370(days)-370(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apollonius)-266(traced)-265(himself)-266(to)-266(Priam.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.738 3.959 Td [(407)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.693 -3.959 Td [(Herodes)-266(Atticus)-265(claimed)]TJ -172.431 -13.549 Td [(descent)-532(from)-533(the)-532(heroes)-532(of)-532(Aegina,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.078 3.959 Td [(408)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.03 -3.959 Td [(just)-532(as)-532(some)-533(of)-532(the)]TJ -187.108 -13.549 Td [(Christian)-268(friends)-269(of)-268(S.)-268(Jerome)-269(confidently)-268(carried)-268(their)-268(pedigree)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.643 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 158.831 Td [(401)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(viii.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(402)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.035 -7.31 Td [(403)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.699 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.869 0 Td [(i.)-392(Cf.)-392(the)-298(funeral)-297(oration)-297(of)-298(Julius)-297(Caesar)-297(over)-298(his)-297(aunt,)-309(quoted)]TJ -50.523 -10.959 Td [(by)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.633 0 Td [(Jul.)-250(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.24 -7.311 Td [(404)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.591 -7.394 Td [(405)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(vi.)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.311 Td [(406)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(407)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(iv.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -90.422 -7.311 Td [(408)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(ii.)-250(1.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 529 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 530 0 R /Resources 528 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 523 0 R >> endobj 531 0 obj << /D [529 0 R /XYZ 156.183 382.683 null] >> endobj 528 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 534 0 obj << /Length 6030 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(88)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(back)-289(to)-290(Aeneas)-289(or)-289(Agamemnon.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.984 3.959 Td [(409)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.466 -3.959 Td [(Juvenal)-289(would)-290(certainly)-289(not)]TJ -158.45 -13.549 Td [(have)-255(accepted)-254(such)-255(fables,)-256(but)-254(he)-255(was)-254(no)-255(leveller.)-264(He)-254(had)-255(a)-254(firm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belief)-332(in)-331(moral)-332(heredity)-331(and)-332(the)-331(value)-332(of)-331(tradition.)-495(Plebeian)-331(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-341(was,)-363(he)-341(had,)-363(like)-341(Martial,)-363(his)-341(own)-341(old)-340(Roman)-341(pride,)-363(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(poured)-313(contempt)-313(on)-312(the)-313(upstarts)-313(who,)-328(with)-313(the)-313(stains)-313(of)-312(servile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(birth)-251(or)-251(base)-250(trade)-251(upon)-251(them,)-251(were)-250(crowding)-251(the)-251(benches)-251(of)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knights.)-331(He)-277(would,)-284(indeed,)-284(have)-277(applauded)-277(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 210.047 0 Td [(mot)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.386 0 Td [(of)-277(Tiberius,)]TJ -229.433 -13.549 Td [(that)-219(a)-218(distinguished)-219(man)-219(was)-218(his)-219(own)-219(ancestor;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.74 3.959 Td [(410)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.953 -3.959 Td [(he)-219(recalls)-218(with)]TJ -217.693 -13.549 Td [(pride)-212(that)-211(one)-212(humble)-212(son)-211(of)-212(Arpinum)-212(had)-211(annihilated)-212(the)-211(hordes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-269(the)-269(Cimbri,)-274(and)-270(another)-269(had)-269(crushed)-269(the)-269(rising)-270(of)-269(Catiline.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(411)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(But)-350(he)-349(had)-350(the)-349(true)-350(Roman)-350(reverence)-349(for)-350(the)-349(Curii,)-375(Fabii,)-374(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Scipios,)-363(and)-341(would)-341(gladly)-340(salute)-341(any)-341(of)-340(their)-341(descendants)-340(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reproduced)-250(their)-250(virtues.)]TJ 11.956 -14.266 Td [(It)-239(is)-240(a)-239(melancholy)-240(certainty)-239(that)-239(a)-240(great)-239(many)-240(of)-239(the)-239(senatorial)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(class)-283(in)-284(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.203 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-283(day)-284(had)-283(fallen)-283(very)-284(low)-283(in)-283(all)-284(thi)1(ngs)-284(essential)]TJ -72.836 -13.549 Td [(to)-366(the)-366(strength)-366(of)-366(a)-366(great)-366(caste.)-598(Their)-366(numbers)-366(had)-365(long)-366(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dwindling,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.975 3.959 Td [(412)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.623 -3.959 Td [(owing)-186(to)-186(vicious)-186(celibacy)-187(or)-186(the)-186(cruel)-186(proscriptions)]TJ -61.598 -13.549 Td [(of)-389(the)-389(triumvirate)-389(and)-389(the)-388(four)-389(Claudian)-389(Caesars,)-424(or)-389(from)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unwillingness)-439(or)-438(inability)-439(of)-438(many)-439(to)-439(support)-438(the)-439(burdens)-438(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([71])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(their)-391(rank.)-675(It)-391(was)-392(a)-391(rare)-392(thing)-391(in)-392(many)-391(great)-392(houses)-391(to)-391(reach)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(middle)-220(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.576 3.959 Td [(413)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.072 -3.959 Td [(Three)-220(hundred)-220(senators)-220(and)-220(two)-221(thousand)-220(knights)]TJ -65.648 -13.549 Td [(had)-313(fallen)-314(in)-313(the)-314(proscription)-313(of)-314(the)-313(second)-314(triumvirate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.409 3.959 Td [(414)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.257 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(massacre)-220(of)-220(old)-219(and)-220(young)-220(of)-220(both)-219(sexes,)-226(which)-220(followed)-220(the)-219(fall)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-300(Sejanus,)-311(must)-300(have)-300(extinguished)-299(many)-300(an)-299(ancient)-300(line;)-324(not)-299(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(day)-284(passed)-283(without)-284(an)-284(execution.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 145.994 3.959 Td [(415)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.283 -3.959 Td [(Three)-284(hundred)-283(knights)-284(and)]TJ -162.277 -13.549 Td [(thirty-five)-367(senators)-367(perished)-367(in)-367(the)-367(reign)-367(of)-367(Claudius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.813 3.959 Td [(416)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.01 -3.959 Td [(Very)]TJ -258.823 -13.549 Td [(few)-212(of)-212(the)-212(most)-211(ancient)-212(patrician)-212(houses)-212(were)-212(left)-212(when)-211(Claudius)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.685 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 147.872 Td [(409)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.382 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(108,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.534 -7.311 Td [(410)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(21,)-250(Curtius)-250(Rufus)-250(videtur)-250(mihi)-250(ex)-250(se)-250(natus.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.31 Td [(411)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(viii.)-250(285)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(412)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(25.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.31 Td [(413)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(33,)-250(\247)-250(2;)-250(Juv.)-250(iv.)-250(96.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.293 -7.311 Td [(414)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Appian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.881 0 Td [(B.)-250(C.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iv.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -63.012 -7.394 Td [(415)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(61,)-250(nullus)-250(a)-250(poena)-250(hominum)-250(cessavit)-250(dies.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.576 -7.311 Td [(416)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.953 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(xxix.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 533 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 534 0 R /Resources 532 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 523 0 R >> endobj 535 0 obj << /D [533 0 R /XYZ 325.763 273.573 null] >> endobj 532 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 538 0 obj << /Length 5648 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(89)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(revised)-367(the)-367(lists)-368(of)-367(the)-367(Senate,)-397(and)-367(introduced)-367(a)-367(fresh)-367(element)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-199(Gaul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.315 3.959 Td [(417)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.996 -3.959 Td [(Who)-199(can)-199(tell)-200(the)-199(numbers)-199(of)-199(those)-199(who)-199(fell)-200(victims)]TJ -62.311 -13.549 Td [(to)-175(the)-174(rage)-175(or)-175(greed)-174(or)-175(suspicion)-175(of)-174(Caligula,)-190(Nero,)-190(and)-174(Domitian?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-323(list)-323(must)-323(have)-322(been)-323(enormously)-323(swelled)-323(by)-323(the)-323(awful)-322(year)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-253(the)-253(four)-253(emperors.)-259(Vespasian)-253(found)-253(it)-253(necessary)-253(to)-253(recruit)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ranks)-250(of)-250(the)-250(aristocracy)-250(from)-250(Italy)-250(and)-250(the)-250(provinces.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 231.153 3.959 Td [(418)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -219.197 -21.98 Td [(At)-404(the)-404(same)-404(time,)-443(prodigality)-404(or)-404(confiscation)-404(had)-404(rendered)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(many)-313(of)-313(those)-313(who)-313(survived)-312(unable)-313(to)-313(maintain)-313(their)-313(rank,)-328(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-344(bear)-345(the)-344(social)-345(and)-344(official)-345(burdens)-344(which,)-368(down)-345(to)-344(the)-344(end)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-414(the)-415(Western)-414(Empire)-415(were)-414(rigorously)-414(imposed)-415(on)-414(the)-414(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order.)-585(The)-362(games)-361(of)-362(the)-362(praetorship)-361(in)-362(the)-362(first)-361(century,)-390(as)-361(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-353(fifth,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 38.698 3.959 Td [(419)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.59 -3.959 Td [(constituted)-353(a)-354(tax)-353(which)-353(only)-353(a)-354(great)-353(fortune)-353(could)]TJ -55.288 -13.549 Td [(easily)-430(bear.)-790(Aristocratic)-430(poverty)-430(became)-430(common.)-790(As)-430(early)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-408(the)-409(reign)-408(of)-409(Augustus,)-448(the)-408(emperor)-409(had)-408(found)-409(it)-408(politic)-408(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subsidise)-428(many)-428(great)-428(families.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.938 3.959 Td [(420)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.009 -3.959 Td [(The)-428(same)-428(policy)-428(had)-428(been)]TJ -158.947 -13.549 Td [(continued)-207(by)-207(Tiberius,)-216(Nero,)-215(and)-208(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.355 3.958 Td [(421)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.025 -3.958 Td [(Tiberius,)-216(indeed,)]TJ -207.38 -13.55 Td [(had)-204(scrutinised)-205(and)-204(discouraged)-205(some)-204(of)-204(these)-205(claims)-204(on)-204(grounds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-349(the)-349(treasury)-349(officials)-349(of)-349(every)-349(age)-349(would)-349(applaud.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 254.334 3.959 Td [(422)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.42 -3.959 Td [(A)]TJ -272.754 -13.549 Td [(grandson)-290(of)-290(the)-289(great)-290(orator)-290(Hortensius)-289(once)-290(made)-290(an)-290(appeal)-289(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(Senate)-301(for)-301(the)-301(means)-301(of)-301(supporting)-301(the)-301(dignity)-301(of)-301(his)-300(name.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-316(had)-315(received)-316(a)-315(grant)-316(from)-315(Augustus)-316(to)-315(enable)-316(him)-315(to)-316(rear)-315(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(family,)-241(and)-239(four)-239(sons)-238(were)-239(now)-239(waiting)-239(at)-238(the)-239(doors)-239(of)-239(the)-238(Curia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-409(second)-410(his)-409(prayer.)-728(Hortensius,)-449(who)-409(was)-410(the)-409(great)-409(rival)-409(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cicero,)-332(had)-316(possessed)-315(immense)-316(wealth.)-447(He)-315(had)-316(many)-315(splendid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(villas,)-459(he)-417(used)-417(to)-417(give)-417(dinners)-417(in)-417(his)-417(park,)-459(around)-417(which)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deer)-318(would)-318(troop)-319(to)-318(the)-318(lute)-318(of)-319(a)-318(slave-Orpheus;)-352(he)-318(left)-318(10,000)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([72])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(casks)-350(of)-350(old)-350(Chian)-350(in)-349(his)-350(cellars.)-550(His)-350(mendicant)-350(and)-349(spiritless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(descendant)-351(had)-351(to)-350(go)-351(away)-351(with)-350(a)-351(cold)-351(withering)-351(refusal)-350(from)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.549 Td [(417)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(25.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.311 Td [(418)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(ix.;)-250(cf.)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.325 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iii.)-250(55.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -116.298 -7.31 Td [(419)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sym.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.927 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ii.)-250(78;)-250(Seeck,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.064 0 Td [(Prol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(xlvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -116.567 -7.311 Td [(420)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(xli.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.026 -7.31 Td [(421)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(x.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -79.447 -7.311 Td [(422)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(ii.)-250(37,)-250(38.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 537 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 538 0 R /Resources 536 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 523 0 R >> endobj 539 0 obj << /D [537 0 R /XYZ 126.262 174.973 null] >> endobj 536 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 542 0 obj << /Length 5435 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(90)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Tiberius,)-494(softened)-446(by)-445(a)-446(contemptuous)-445(dole)-445(to)-446(his)-445(sons.)-836(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revision)-370(of)-371(the)-370(senatorial)-371(roll)-370(by)-371(Claudius)-370(in)-371(48)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 220.606 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-401(revealed)]TJ -236.584 -13.549 Td [(a)-353(portentous)-353(disappearance)-353(of)-352(old)-353(houses)-353(of)-353(the)-353(Republic,)-378(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-351(gaps)-351(had)-351(to)-351(be)-350(filled)-351(up)-351(from)-351(the)-351(provinces)-351(in)-351(the)-351(teeth)-350(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(aristocratic)-375(exclusiveness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.28 3.959 Td [(423)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.284 -3.959 Td [(Among)-375(the)-376(boon)-375(companions)-375(of)]TJ -134.564 -13.549 Td [(Nero)-383(there)-384(must)-383(have)-384(been)-383(many)-383(loaded)-384(with)-383(debt,)-417(like)-383(Otho)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-382(Vitellius.)-645(The)-381(Corvinus)-382(in)-382(Juvenal)-381(who)-382(is)-382(keeping)-381(sheep)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-347(a)-347(Laurentine)-346(farm,)-371(and)-347(his)-347(probable)-347(kinsman)-347(who)-346(obtained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-286(subsidy)-286(from)-286(Nero,)-295(the)-286(Fabii)-286(and)-286(Mamerci)-286(who)-286(were)-285(dancing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-394(playing)-394(the)-394(harlequin)-395(on)-394(the)-394(comic)-394(stage,)-430(or)-394(selling)-394(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blood)-384(in)-384(the)-384(arena,)-418(must)-384(represent)-384(many)-384(a)-384(wreck)-384(of)-384(the)-384(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(houses)-227(of)-227(the)-227(Republic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 101.66 3.959 Td [(424)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.097 -3.959 Td [(Among)-227(the)-227(motley)-227(crowd)-227(who)-227(swarm)]TJ -116.757 -13.549 Td [(in)-344(the)-343(hall)-344(of)-343(the)-344(great)-343(patron)-344(to)-343(receive)-344(the)-343(morning)-344(dole,)-366(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(descendants)-309(of)-310(houses)-309(coeval)-310(with)-309(the)-309(Roman)-310(State)-309(are)-309(pushed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(aside)-373(by)-372(the)-373(freedmen)-373(from)-372(the)-373(Euphrates.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 193.136 3.959 Td [(425)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.196 -3.959 Td [(But)-373(aristocratic)]TJ -212.332 -13.549 Td [(poverty)-290(knew)-289(no)-290(lower)-289(depth)-290(of)-289(degradation)-290(than)-289(in)-290(the)-289(hungry)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adulation)-256(which)-255(it)-256(offered)-256(to)-255(the)-256(heirless)-256(rich.)-267(Captation)-255(became)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-267(regular)-266(profession)-267(in)-267(a)-267(society)-266(where)-267(trade,)-271(industry,)-271(and)-266(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(professional)-237(skill,)-239(were)-236(treated)-237(as)-237(degrading)-236(to)-237(the)-236(men)-237(of)-236(gentle)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(blood.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 27.578 3.959 Td [(426)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.036 -3.959 Td [(It)-210(is)-210(characteristic)-210(of)-210(Juvenal)-211(that)-210(he)-210(places)-210(on)-210(the)-210(same)]TJ -42.614 -13.549 Td [(level)-180(the)-180(legacy-hunter,)-194(who)-179(would)-180(stoop)-180(to)-180(any)-180(menial)-180(service)-179(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vicious)-293(compliance,)-304(with)-293(the)-293(honest)-293(tradesfolk,)-304(in)-293(whose)-293(ranks,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-273(we)-273(may)-272(judge)-273(by)-273(their)-273(funerary)-273(inscriptions,)-278(was)-273(to)-273(be)-272(found,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perhaps,)-308(the)-297(wholesomest)-297(moral)-296(tone)-297(in)-297(the)-296(society)-297(of)-297(the)-296(early)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Empire.)]TJ 11.956 -18.053 Td [(In)-501(a)-502(satire)-501(written)-502(after)-502(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.02 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-501(death,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.071 3.958 Td [(427)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.61 -3.958 Td [(Juvenal)-502(has)]TJ -227.29 -13.55 Td [(described)-278(a)-278(scene)-278(of)-277(fatuous)-278(adulation)-278(which,)-285(if)-278(not)-278(true)-278(in)-277(fact,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-409(only)-409(too)-409(true)-409(to)-410(the)-409(character)-409(of)-409(the)-409(time.)-727(A)-409(huge)-409(mullet,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.472 Td [(423)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.144 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.002 0 Td [(xi.)-275(25;)-262(D.)-258(Cass.)-275(lx.)-274(29.)-275(The)-258(last)-259(revision)-258(of)-258(the)-258(Senate)-258(was)-259(in)-258(the)]TJ -49.102 -10.959 Td [(reign)-250(of)-250(Augustus;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lv.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(424)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(34;)-250(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(107.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.395 Td [(425)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(103.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(426)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.895 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(c.)-250(116,)-250(124;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 63.518 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ii.)-250(20;)-250(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(37;)-250(iii.)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -133.506 -7.311 Td [(427)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iv.;)-250(i.)-250(27.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 541 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 542 0 R /Resources 540 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 523 0 R >> endobj 540 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 545 0 obj << /Length 5559 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(91)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(too)-318(large)-318(for)-317(any)-318(private)-318(table,)-334(had)-318(been)-318(caught)-318(in)-317(a)-318(bay)-318(of)-317(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Adriatic.)-797(Its)-432(captor)-432(hastens)-432(through)-433(winter)-432(storms)-432(to)-432(lay)-432(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spoil)-415(at)-415(the)-415(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.358 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-415(feet.)-745(The)-415(kitchen)-415(of)-415(the)-415(Alban)-415(palace)]TJ -95.991 -13.549 Td [(had)-443(no)-443(dish)-444(large)-443(enough)-443(for)-443(such)-443(a)-444(monster,)-491(and)-443(a)-443(council)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([73])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(of)-457(trembling)-457(senators)-457(is)-457(hastily)-457(summoned)-457(to)-457(consult)-457(on)-457(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emergency.)-244(Thither)-231(came)-230(the)-231(gentle)-231(Crispus,)-235(that)-231(Acilius,)-234(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(son)-220(was)-219(to)-219(be)-220(the)-219(victim)-220(of)-219(the)-220(despot)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 162.173 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-219(jealousy,)-226(Rubrius)-220(tainted)]TJ -165.806 -13.549 Td [(with)-411(a)-410(nameless)-411(crime,)-451(the)-410(bloated)-411(Montanus,)-451(and)-410(Crispinus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-394(an)-394(Egyptian)-394(slave,)-430(now)-394(a)-394(vulgar)-394(exquisite,)-430(reeking)-393(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unguents.)-450(There,)-334(too,)-333(was)-317(the)-317(informer)-317(whose)-317(whisper)-316(stabbed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-351(a)-351(stiletto,)-377(the)-351(lustful,)-376(blind)-352(Catullus,)-376(and)-351(the)-351(arch)-351(flatterer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Veiento,)-230(who)-226(had)-225(revelled)-226(at)-225(the)-226(Gargantuan)-225(feasts)-226(of)-225(Nero)-225(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noon)-336(till)-337(midnight.)-509(These)-336(are)-336(worthy)-337(brethren)-336(of)-336(the)-336(assembly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-415(stabbed)-414(Proculus)-415(to)-414(death)-415(with)-414(their)-414(stiles)-415(at)-414(the)-415(nod)-414(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-392(freedman)-391(of)-392(Caligula,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.122 3.959 Td [(428)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.11 -3.959 Td [(and)-392(led)-391(Nero)-392(home)-391(in)-392(triumphal)]TJ -133.232 -13.549 Td [(procession)-250(after)-250(his)-250(mother)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 118.462 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(murder.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.203 3.959 Td [(429)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -151.342 -17.508 Td [(Many)-634(things)-635(had)-634(contributed)-635(to)-634(the)-635(degradation)-634(of)-634(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(senatorial)-370(character.)-611(The)-370(dark)-370(and)-371(tortuous)-370(policy)-370(of)-370(Tiberius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tended,)-497(indeed,)-497(to)-447(absolutism;)-547(yet)-447(he)-448(still)-447(maintained)-448(a)-447(tone)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-499(deference)-499(to)-500(the)-499(Senate,)-561(and)-500(sometimes,)-561(with)-499(cold)-499(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense,)-412(repelled)-379(a)-379(too)-379(eager)-379(adulation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.265 3.959 Td [(430)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.408 -3.959 Td [(But,)-412(in)-379(the)-379(reigns)-379(of)]TJ -187.673 -13.549 Td [(Caligula)-305(and)-305(Nero,)-318(the)-305(great)-305(order)-305(had)-305(to)-305(submit)-305(to)-305(the)-304(deepest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personal)-329(degradation,)-350(and)-329(were)-329(tempted,)-349(or)-330(compelled)-329(by)-329(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(masters)-397(to)-397(violate)-396(every)-397(instinct)-397(of)-397(Roman)-396(dignity.)-691(The)-396(wild)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(epileptic)-405(frenzy)-405(of)-405(Caligula,)-444(who)-405(spared)-405(not)-405(the)-405(virtue)-405(of)-405(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sisters,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30 3.959 Td [(431)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.771 -3.959 Td [(as)-440(he)-440(boasted)-440(of)-440(his)-440(own)-440(incestuous)-439(birth,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.303 3.959 Td [(432)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.771 -3.959 Td [(who)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(claimed)-315(divine)-315(honours,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.558 3.959 Td [(433)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.065 -3.959 Td [(temples,)-331(and)-315(costly)-315(sacrifices,)-331(who,)]TJ -122.623 -13.549 Td [(as)-411(another)-412(Endymion,)-452(called)-411(the)-411(Moon)-412(to)-411(his)-412(embraces,)-451(who)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.32 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 136.508 Td [(428)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lix.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(429)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.31 Td [(430)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(lxvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.575 -7.311 Td [(431)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.537 0 Td [(xxiii.)-291(xxiv.;)-270(cf.)-291(L.)-264(comitiali)-264(morbo)-263(vexatus,)-267(which)-264(explains)-263(much)-264(to)]TJ -36.493 -10.959 Td [(a)-250(medical)-250(man.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.31 Td [(432)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(433)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxii.;)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.31 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(20.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 544 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 545 0 R /Resources 543 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 547 0 R >> endobj 546 0 obj << /D [544 0 R /XYZ 285.606 477.528 null] >> endobj 543 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 550 0 obj << /Length 5884 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(92)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(dreamt)-451(of)-452(obliterating)-451(the)-451(memory)-451(of)-452(Homer)-451(and)-451(Virgil)-451(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Livy,)-257(was)-255(not)-256(likely)-255(to)-256(spare)-255(the)-256(remnant)-255(of)-256(self-respect)-255(still)-255(left)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-355(his)-355(nobles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.173 3.959 Td [(434)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.614 -3.959 Td [(He)-355(gave)-355(an)-355(immense)-355(impetus)-355(to)-354(the)-355(rage)-355(for)]TJ -78.787 -13.549 Td [(singing,)-300(dancing,)-299(and)-290(acting,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 126.961 3.958 Td [(435)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.722 -3.958 Td [(for)-290(chariot-driving)-289(and)-290(fighting)]TJ -142.683 -13.55 Td [(in)-394(the)-394(arena,)-430(not)-394(unknown)-394(before,)-430(which)-394(Juvenal)-394(and)-394(Tacitus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brand)-262(as)-263(the)-262(most)-262(flagrant)-262(sign)-263(of)-262(degenerate)-262(morals.)-287(There)-262(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indeed)-253(a)-253(great)-254(conflict)-253(of)-253(sentiment)-253(under)-254(the)-253(early)-253(Empire)-253(as)-253(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-342(of)-341(these)-342(arts.)-525(Julius)-341(Caesar)-342(had)-341(encouraged)-342(or)-341(permitted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-263(senators)-262(and)-263(knights)-263(to)-263(fight)-262(in)-263(the)-263(gladiatorial)-262(combats,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-371(a)-370(Laberius)-371(to)-371(act)-370(in)-371(his)-371(own)-370(play.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 173.839 3.959 Td [(436)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.13 -3.959 Td [(But)-371(a)-370(decree)-371(of)-371(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -265.724 0 Td [([74])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Senate,)-195(not)-181(long)-182(afterwards,)-195(had)-181(placed)-181(a)-182(ban)-181(on)-181(these)-181(exhibitions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-252(men)-253(of)-252(noble)-253(rank.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.15 3.959 Td [(437)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.259 -3.959 Td [(Tiberius,)-253(who)-252(was,)-254(beyond)-252(anything,)-253(a)]TJ -111.409 -13.549 Td [(haughty)-308(aristocrat,)-322(at)-307(a)-308(later)-307(date)-308(intervened)-308(to)-307(save)-308(the)-307(dignity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-342(the)-343(order.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.634 3.958 Td [(438)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.204 -3.958 Td [(But)-342(the)-343(rage)-342(of)-342(the)-343(rabble)-342(for)-343(these)-342(spectacles)]TJ -73.838 -13.55 Td [(had)-370(undoubtedly)-370(caught)-370(many)-370(in)-370(the)-370(ranks)-370(of)-370(the)-370(upper)-370(class.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-241(Caligula)-242(and)-241(Nero)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 101.218 3.959 Td [(439)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.088 -3.959 Td [(found,)-243(only)-242(too)-241(easily,)-243(youths)-242(of)-241(birth)]TJ -116.306 -13.549 Td [(and)-447(breeding,)-496(but)-446(ruined)-447(fortune,)-496(who)-446(were)-447(ready)-447(to)-446(exhibit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-300(for)-300(a)-300(welcome)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 118.52 0 Td [(douceur)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.749 0 Td [(,)-313(or)-300(to)-300(gain)-300(the)-300(favour)-300(of)-300(the)]TJ -154.269 -13.549 Td [(prince,)-173(or)-153(even)-153(to)-153(bring)-153(down)-153(the)-153(applause)-153(of)-153(the)-153(crowded)-153(benches)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-387(the)-387(amphitheatre)-387(or)-387(the)-388(circus.)-661(Yet)-387(the)-387(old)-387(Roman)-387(feeling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-256(have)-256(been)-256(very)-255(persistent,)-258(when)-256(a)-255(man)-256(like)-256(Domitian,)-257(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(posed)-210(as)-211(a)-210(puritan,)-219(found)-210(it)-211(politic)-210(to)-211(remove)-210(from)-211(the)-210(Senate)-210(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-308(had)-307(disgraced)-308(his)-307(order)-308(by)-307(dancing)-308(in)-307(the)-308(pantomime,)-321(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-348(laid)-347(his)-348(interdict)-348(on)-348(all)-347(public)-348(theatrical)-348(performances.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(440)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(The)-306(revels)-307(and)-306(massacres)-307(and)-306(wild)-307(debauchery)-306(of)-307(Nero)-306(did)-306(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-349(much)-349(to)-348(hasten)-349(his)-349(destruction)-349(as)-348(his)-349(singing)-349(his)-349(catches)-348(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.483 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 158.67 Td [(434)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.247 0 Td [(xxxiv.)-528(xxxv.)-528(vetera)-343(familiarum)-343(insignia)-342(nobilissimo)-343(cuique)]TJ -60.121 -10.959 Td [(ademit;)-250(xxii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(435)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(liv.)-250(lv.)-250(quorum)-250(vero)-250(studio)-250(teneretur,)-250(omnibus)-250(ad)-250(insaniam)-250(favit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(436)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Jul.)-250(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(xxxix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.988 -7.31 Td [(437)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(xlviii.)-250(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(438)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tiberius)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.894 0 Td [(,)-250(xxxv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -62.026 -7.31 Td [(439)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.982 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.425 0 Td [(xviii.)-253(nec)-252(ullis)-251(nisi)-251(ex)-251(senatorio)-251(ordine)-251(aurigantibus;)-252(D.)-251(Cass.)-253(59.)]TJ -48.363 -10.959 Td [(10,)-250(13,)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.325 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.009 -7.311 Td [(440)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(viii.)-250(vii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 549 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 550 0 R /Resources 548 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 547 0 R >> endobj 551 0 obj << /D [549 0 R /XYZ 164.441 396.232 null] >> endobj 548 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 554 0 obj << /Length 5465 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(93)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-305(lute,)-319(or)-305(appearing)-305(in)-305(the)-305(parts)-305(of)-305(the)-305(incestuous)-304(Canace)-305(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(matricide)-251(Orestes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95.439 3.959 Td [(441)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.191 -3.959 Td [(From)-250(every)-251(part)-250(of)-250(the)-250(world,)-251(in)-250(all)-250(the)]TJ -110.63 -13.549 Td [(literature)-280(of)-281(the)-280(time,)-288(there)-281(is)-280(a)-280(chorus)-281(of)-280(astounded)-280(indignation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-295(the)-295(prince)-295(who)-295(could)-295(stoop)-295(to)-295(pit)-295(himself)-295(against)-294(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(players)-432(and)-433(singers)-432(at)-433(Delphi)-432(or)-432(Olympia.)-798(Juvenal)-432(has)-432(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reproached)-286(for)-285(putting)-286(the)-285(chariot-driving)-286(of)-285(Damasippus)-286(in)-285(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-334(category)-334(with)-333(the)-334(Verrine)-334(plunder)-334(of)-334(provinces.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.069 3.959 Td [(442)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.923 -3.959 Td [(He)-334(is)]TJ -256.992 -13.549 Td [(really)-415(the)-414(exponent)-415(of)-415(old)-415(Roman)-414(sentiment.)-744(And)-415(it)-415(may)-414(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doubted)-277(whether,)-283(from)-277(the)-277(Roman)-277(point)-276(of)-277(view,)-284(Juvenal)-276(might)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-317(justify)-318(himself)-317(to)-318(his)-317(critics.)-453(Even)-317(in)-318(our)-317(own)-317(emancipated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-455(we)-413(might)-414(be)-413(pardoned)-414(for)-413(feeling)-414(a)-414(shock)-413(if)-414(an)-413(English)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prime)-244(minister)-243(rode)-244(his)-243(own)-244(horse)-244(at)-243(the)-244(Derby,)-245(or)-243(appeared)-244(in)-243(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(risky)-204(part)-204(on)-204(the)-204(boards)-204(of)-204(the)-205(Gaiety.)-234(And)-204(the)-204(collective)-204(sense)-204(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(senatorial)-316(self-respect)-315(was)-316(too)-315(precious)-316(to)-316(a)-315(Roman)-316(patriot)-315(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moralist,)-337(to)-319(be)-320(flung)-319(away)-319(for)-320(mere)-319(love)-320(of)-319(sport,)-337(or)-319(in)-320(a)-319(fit)-319(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spurious)-258(artistic)-258(enthusiasm.)-274(Nero,)-260(and)-258(in)-258(an)-258(even)-258(lower)-257(fashion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Caligula,)-241(were)-239(rebels)-238(against)-239(old)-238(Roman)-239(conventional)-238(restraints,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-187(it)-187(is)-186(possible)-187(that)-187(some)-186(of)-187(the)-187(hideous)-187(tales)-186(about)-187(them,)-199(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([75])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(were)-371(spread)-370(in)-371(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.657 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(circuli,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.6 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.886 0 Td [(may)-371(have)-370(been)-371(the)-370(vengeance)-371(of)]TJ -131.986 -13.55 Td [(Roman)-320(pride)-320(on)-320(shameless)-319(social)-320(revolutionaries,)-338(who)-319(paraded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-261(contempt)-261(for)-261(old-fashioned)-261(dignity)-261(and)-261(for)-261(social)-261(tradition.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero)-180(was)-180(never)-181(so)-180(happy)-180(as)-180(when)-181(he)-180(was)-180(deafened)-180(with)-180(applause,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-359(smothered)-360(with)-359(roses)-360(at)-359(the)-360(Greek)-359(festivals.)-579(He)-359(had)-359(once)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(predicted)-384(for)-383(him)-384(a)-384(monarchy)-383(in)-384(those)-384(regions)-384(of)-383(the)-384(East,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(443)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(where)-323(he)-323(would)-323(have)-323(escaped)-323(from)-323(the)-323(tradition)-323(of)-323(old)-322(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(puritanism,)-364(and)-342(combined)-341(all)-341(the)-341(ingenious)-342(sensuality)-341(of)-341(Syria)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-412(the)-412(doubtful)-412(artistic)-413(taste)-412(of)-412(a)-412(decadent)-412(Hellenism.)-736(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cold)-306(haughty)-307(refinement)-306(of)-307(senatorial)-306(circles)-306(of)-307(the)-306(old)-306(r\351gime,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-397(the)-398(rude)-397(honest)-398(virtue)-397(of)-398(the)-397(plebeian)-398(soldiery,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.345 3.959 Td [(444)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.191 -3.959 Td [(rightly)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.269 Td [(441)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xx.)-250(xxi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.591 -7.311 Td [(442)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(viii.)-250(89,)-250(147.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(443)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.526 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-301(xl.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.444 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.831 0 Td [(Krause,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.334 0 Td [(De)-291(Sueton.)-373(Fontibus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 74.939 0 Td [(,)-301(pp.)-373(57,)-301(80;)-311(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.019 0 Td [(Gesch.)]TJ -255.981 -10.959 Td [(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.946 0 Td [(ii.)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -16.697 -7.311 Td [(444)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(67.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 553 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 554 0 R /Resources 552 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 547 0 R >> endobj 555 0 obj << /D [553 0 R /XYZ 46.771 287.839 null] >> endobj 552 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 558 0 obj << /Length 6179 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(94)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(mistrusted)-237(this)-236(false)-237(sensational)-236(artist)-237(on)-236(the)-237(throne)-236(of)-237(the)-236(world.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(Art,)-441(divorced)-403(from)-403(moral)-403(ideals,)-441(may)-403(become)-403(a)-403(dangerous)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(thing.)-266(The)-256(emperor)-255(might)-255(spend)-256(the)-255(morning)-256(with)-255(his)-255(favourites)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-248(patching)-247(up)-248(lilting)-247(verses)-248(which)-247(would)-248(run)-247(well)-248(to)-247(the)-248(lute.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(445)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(But)-215(the)-216(scene)-215(soon)-216(changed)-215(to)-215(a)-216(revel,)-222(where)-215(the)-216(roses)-215(and)-215(music)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hardly)-178(veiled)-177(the)-178(grossness)-178(of)-177(excess.)-226(The)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 181.026 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(noctes)-178(Neronis)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.349 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.782 0 Td [(made)]TJ -257.001 -13.549 Td [(many)-376(a)-376(debauchee)-376(and)-375(scattered)-376(many)-376(a)-376(senatorial)-376(fortune.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(446)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(And)-269(amid)-269(all)-270(this)-269(elaborate)-269(luxury)-269(and)-269(splendour)-269(of)-269(indulgence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-390(was)-389(a)-390(strange)-390(return)-389(to)-390(the)-390(naturalism)-389(of)-390(vice)-390(and)-389(mere)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(blackguardism.)-282(A)-261(Messalina)-261(or)-261(a)-260(Nero)-261(or)-261(a)-261(Petronius)-260(developed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-210(curious)-210(taste)-210(for)-210(the)-210(low)-210(life)-210(that)-210(reeks)-210(and)-210(festers)-210(in)-210(the)-210(taverns)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-224(in)-223(the)-224(stews.)-241(Bohemianism)-223(for)-224(a)-223(time)-224(became)-223(the)-224(fashion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(447)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Its)-289(very)-290(grossness)-289(was)-290(a)-289(stimulant)-290(to)-289(appetites)-290(jaded)-289(with)-289(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diabolical)-414(refinement)-413(of)-414(vicious)-414(ingenuity.)-741(The)-413(distinguished)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dinner)-441(party,)-489(with)-441(the)-441(emperor)-441(at)-441(their)-441(head,)-489(sallied)-441(forth)-441(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(see)-421(how)-422(the)-421(people)-422(were)-421(living)-422(in)-421(the)-421(slums.)-765(Many)-421(a)-421(scene)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-438(these)-439(midnight)-438(rambles)-438(has)-439(probably)-438(been)-438(preserved)-438(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-352(tainted,)-377(yet)-352(brilliant,)-377(pages)-352(of)-352(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 171.036 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.004 0 Td [(.)-555(Petronius)-352(had)]TJ -211.04 -13.549 Td [(probably)-266(often)-266(plunged)-266(with)-266(Nero)-266(after)-266(night-fall)-266(into)-266(those)-266(low)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dens,)-401(where)-371(slave)-371(minions)-370(and)-371(sailors)-371(and)-371(the)-371(obscene)-370(priests)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-465(the)-465(great)-464(Mother)-465(were)-465(roistering)-465(together,)-518(or)-465(sunk)-465(in)-464(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slumber)-433(of)-432(debauch.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.753 3.959 Td [(448)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.158 -3.959 Td [(These)-433(elegant)-432(aristocrats)-433(found)-433(their)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -186.666 0 Td [([76])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(sport)-232(in)-231(rudely)-232(assaulting)-232(quiet)-231(citizens)-232(returning)-232(from)-231(dinner,)-235(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plundering)-213(some)-212(poor)-213(huckster)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.211 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-213(stall)-212(in)-213(the)-212(Suburra,)-220(or)-213(insulting)]TJ -137.844 -13.549 Td [(a)-382(lady)-381(in)-382(her)-381(chair.)-645(In)-382(the)-381(fierce)-382(faction)-382(fights)-381(of)-382(the)-381(theatre,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(where)-225(stones)-226(and)-225(benches)-226(were)-225(flying,)-231(the)-225(Emperor)-226(had)-225(once)-225(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinction)-258(of)-258(breaking)-258(a)-258(praetor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 140.323 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-258(head.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30.382 3.959 Td [(449)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.442 -3.959 Td [(It)-258(was)-258(nobles)-258(trained)]TJ -189.78 -13.549 Td [(in)-305(this)-305(school,)-318(experts)-305(in)-305(vice,)-319(but)-304(with)-305(no)-305(nerve)-305(for)-305(arms,)-318(who)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.347 Td [(445)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.873 0 Td [(xiv.)-247(16;)-244(cf.)-247(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.387 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-243(lii.,)-243(where)-241(Suetonius)-241(distinctly)-242(says)-241(that)-241(some)-241(of)]TJ -103.148 -10.959 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-313(verses,)-329(which)-313(he)-313(had)-313(seen,)-329(bore)-313(all)-313(the)-313(marks)-313(of)-313(originality.)-439(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -20.91 -10.959 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(iv.)-250(39;)-250(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.557 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(127;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.509 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(248.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -217.428 -7.31 Td [(446)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.065 -7.311 Td [(447)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxvi.;)-250(cf.)-250(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(115.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(448)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(viii.)-250(172.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(449)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxvi.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 557 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 558 0 R /Resources 556 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 547 0 R >> endobj 559 0 obj << /D [557 0 R /XYZ 133.412 233.642 null] >> endobj 556 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 562 0 obj << /Length 5692 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(95)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(encumbered)-390(the)-389(train)-390(of)-389(Otho)-390(on)-389(his)-390(march)-389(to)-390(the)-389(sanguinary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conflict)-250(on)-250(the)-250(Po.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.997 3.959 Td [(450)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -68.041 -21.974 Td [(The)-324(demoralisation)-325(of)-324(a)-325(section)-324(of)-325(the)-324(upper)-325(class)-324(under)-324(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(bad)-369(emperors)-369(must)-369(have)-369(certainly)-369(involved)-369(the)-369(degradation)-368(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(many)-438(women.)-814(And)-437(one)-438(of)-438(the)-438(most)-438(brilliant)-438(and)-438(famous)-437(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.328 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-487(Satires)-486(is)-487(devoted)-486(to)-487(this)-486(unsavoury)-487(subject.)-959(The)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -36.96 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Legend)-285(of)-286(Bad)-285(Women)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.254 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.957 0 Td [(is)-285(a)-286(graphic)-285(picture,)-294(and)-285(yet)-286(it)-285(suffers)]TJ -116.055 -13.549 Td [(from)-419(a)-420(defect)-419(which)-420(spoils)-419(much)-420(of)-419(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.511 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-419(work.)-759(Full)-419(of)]TJ -207.144 -13.549 Td [(realistic)-303(power,)-317(with)-303(an)-303(undoubted)-304(foundation)-303(of)-303(truth,)-317(it)-303(is)-303(too)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vehement)-304(and)-304(sweeping)-304(in)-304(its)-303(censures)-304(to)-304(gain)-304(full)-304(credence.)-411(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-384(also)-384(strangely)-383(wanting)-384(in)-384(balance)-384(and)-384(due)-383(order)-384(of)-384(idea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(451)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(The)-384(problem)-384(of)-384(marriage)-384(is)-384(illustrated)-384(by)-384(a)-384(series)-384(of)-384(sketches)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-365(female)-366(manners,)-394(which)-365(are)-366(very)-365(disconnected,)-394(and,)-394(indeed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-362(inconsistent.)-584(Thorough)-362(depravity,)-389(superstition,)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ignorant)-349(devotion,)-373(interest)-349(in)-349(literature)-349(and)-348(public)-349(affairs,)-373(love)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-439(gymnastic)-439(and)-439(decided)-440(opinions)-439(on)-439(Virgil)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.911 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(in)-439(fact,)-487(vices,)]TJ -217.82 -13.549 Td [(innocent)-436(hobbies,)-483(and)-436(laudable)-435(tastes)-436(are)-436(all)-436(thrown)-436(together)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-448(a)-447(confused)-448(indictment.)-842(The)-447(bohemian)-448(man)-447(of)-448(letters)-447(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heard)-424(many)-424(a)-425(scandal)-424(about)-424(great)-424(ladies,)-468(some)-424(of)-424(them)-424(true,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(others)-212(distorted)-211(and)-212(exaggerated)-212(by)-212(prurient)-211(gossip,)-220(after)-211(passing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-214(a)-214(hundred)-213(tainted)-214(imaginations.)-238(In)-214(his)-214(own)-214(modest)-213(class,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(female)-237(morality,)-239(as)-236(we)-237(may)-237(infer)-236(from)-237(the)-236(Inscriptions)-237(and)-236(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sources,)-467(was)-424(probably)-424(as)-424(high)-424(as)-424(it)-424(ever)-423(was,)-468(as)-424(high)-424(as)-423(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(average)-247(morality)-248(of)-247(any)-247(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 124.386 3.959 Td [(452)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.171 -3.959 Td [(There)-247(were)-247(aristocratic)-248(families,)]TJ -139.557 -13.549 Td [(too,)-333(where)-316(the)-316(women)-316(were)-316(as)-316(pure)-316(as)-316(Lucretia)-316(or)-316(Cornelia,)-332(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(any)-376(matron)-376(of)-376(the)-376(olden)-376(days.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.547 3.959 Td [(453)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.302 -3.959 Td [(The)-376(ideal)-376(of)-376(purity,)-407(both)-376(in)]TJ -155.849 -13.549 Td [(men)-418(and)-419(women,)-460(in)-418(some)-419(circles)-418(was)-418(actually)-418(rising.)-755(In)-418(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(families)-239(of)-239(Seneca,)-241(of)-239(Tacitus,)-241(of)-239(Pliny)-239(and)-239(Plutarch,)-241(there)-239(were,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.375 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.479 Td [(450)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(i.)-250(88.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.06 -7.395 Td [(451)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(See)-427(some)-426(admirable)-427(criticism)-426(in)-427(Nettleship)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 162.077 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 7.313 0 Td [(Lectures)-427(and)-426(Essays)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 76.387 0 Td [(,)-471(2nd)]TJ -260.718 -10.958 Td [(series,)-250(p.)-250(141;)-250(cf.)-250(Munding,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 100.863 0 Td [(\334ber)-250(die)-250(Sat.)-250(des)-250(Juv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 80.931 0 Td [(p.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -181.544 -7.395 Td [(452)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(673;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 88.417 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(ii.)-250(233)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -137.477 -7.394 Td [(453)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.441 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.612 0 Td [(iv.)-306(19;)-278(iii.)-307(16;)-278(iii.)-306(3;)-278(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 92.705 0 Td [(Ad)-269(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.951 0 Td [(xiv.)-306(xix.;)-278(D.)-269(Cass.)-306(lxviii.)-306(5)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 98.999 0 Td [(ad)]TJ -271.663 -10.959 Td [(fin.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 561 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 562 0 R /Resources 560 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 547 0 R >> endobj 560 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 565 0 obj << /Length 5991 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(96)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(not)-297(only)-296(the)-296(most)-297(spotless)-296(and)-297(high)-296(minded)-297(women,)-308(there)-296(were)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([77])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(also)-259(men)-259(with)-259(a)-260(rare)-259(conception)-259(of)-259(temperance)-259(and)-259(mutual)-259(love,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-434(reverence)-433(for)-434(a)-433(pure)-434(wedlock,)-479(to)-433(which)-434(S.)-433(Jerome)-434(and)-433(S.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Augustine)-294(would)-294(have)-294(given)-293(their)-294(benediction.)-382(Even)-294(Ovid,)-304(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(debauchee)-205(of)-206(the)-205(imagination,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.026 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.084 0 Td [(writes)-205(to)-206(his)-205(wife,)-214(from)-206(his)-205(exile)]TJ -141.954 -13.549 Td [(in)-340(the)-340(Scythian)-339(wilds,)-362(in)-340(the)-340(accents)-340(of)-339(the)-340(purest)-340(affection.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(454)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(And,)-392(amid)-364(all)-364(the)-364(lubricity)-364(of)-364(his)-364(pictures)-364(of)-364(gallantry,)-392(he)-364(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-409(lost)-408(the)-409(ideal)-408(of)-409(a)-408(virgin)-409(heart,)-448(which)-408(repels)-409(and)-408(disarms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-268(libertine)-268(by)-268(the)-268(spell)-268(of)-267(an)-268(impregnable)-268(purity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.627 3.958 Td [(455)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.767 -3.958 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.55 Td [(ideal)-205(of)-204(marriage,)-214(at)-205(once)-205(severe)-204(and)-205(tender,)-214(would)-205(have)-204(satisfied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(S.)-296(Paul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.149 3.959 Td [(456)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.697 -3.959 Td [(Favorinus,)-308(the)-296(friend)-297(and)-296(contemporary)-296(of)-297(Plutarch,)]TJ -50.846 -13.549 Td [(thought)-371(it)-370(not)-371(beneath)-371(the)-371(dignity)-370(of)-371(philosophic)-371(eloquence)-370(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(urge)-488(on)-489(mothers)-488(the)-488(duty)-488(of)-489(suckling)-488(and)-488(personally)-488(caring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-378(their)-377(infants.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.377 3.958 Td [(457)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.356 -3.958 Td [(Seneca)-378(and)-377(Musonius,)-410(who)-377(lived)-378(through)]TJ -92.733 -13.55 Td [(the)-340(reign)-340(of)-341(Nero,)-362(are)-341(equally)-340(peremptory)-340(in)-340(demanding)-340(a)-340(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(continence)-265(from)-264(men)-265(and)-264(from)-265(women.)-293(And)-265(Musonius)-264(severely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(condemns)-362(concubinage)-362(and)-362(vagrant)-362(amours)-362(of)-362(every)-362(kind,)-390(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-219(guilty)-219(of)-219(seduction)-220(sins)-219(not)-219(only)-219(against)-219(another,)-225(but)-219(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-287(own)-287(soul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 58.693 3.958 Td [(458)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.394 -3.958 Td [(Dion)-287(Chrysostom)-287(was)-287(probably)-287(the)-287(first)-287(of)-287(the)]TJ -75.087 -13.55 Td [(ancients)-329(to)-329(raise)-329(a)-330(clear)-329(voice)-329(against)-329(the)-329(traffic)-329(in)-329(frail)-329(beauty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-387(has)-387(gone)-387(on)-387(pitilessly)-387(from)-387(age)-387(to)-387(age.)-661(Nothing)-386(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exceed)-362(the)-362(vehemence)-362(with)-362(which)-362(he)-362(assails)-362(an)-362(evil)-362(whi)1(ch)-362(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(regards)-323(as)-322(not)-323(only)-323(dishonouring)-323(to)-322(human)-323(nature,)-341(but)-322(charged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-345(the)-345(poison)-344(of)-345(far)-345(spreading)-345(corruption.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.175 3.959 Td [(459)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.283 -3.959 Td [(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-345(ideal)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 196.94 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 190.044 Td [(454)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Trist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.429 0 Td [(iii.)-250(3,)-250(15)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 29.894 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -69.752 -15.6 Td [(Omnia)-250(cum)-250(subeant,)-250(vincis)-250(tamen)-250(omnia,)-250(conjux;)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Et)-250(plus)-250(in)-250(nostro)-250(pectore)-250(parte)-250(tenes.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Te)-250(loquor)-250(absentem,)-250(te)-250(vox)-250(mea)-250(nominat)-250(unam:)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Nulla)-250(venit)-250(sine)-250(te)-250(nox)-250(mihi,)-250(nulla)-250(dies.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -8.718 -12.035 Td [(455)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 12.588 0 Td [(Amor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.618 0 Td [(iii.)-321(4,)-280(3;)-285(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.451 0 Td [(Ars)-274(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.555 0 Td [(ii.)-321(599,)-280(iii.)-321(440,)-279(613,)-280(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 102.963 0 Td [(Id\351es)-274(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.258 0 Td [(,)]TJ -278.389 -10.959 Td [(ii.)-250(124.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(456)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Consol.)-250(ad)-250(Uxor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.01 0 Td [(x.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(Conj.)-250(Praec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.818 0 Td [(iv.)-250(xliv.)-250(xlvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -153.931 -7.394 Td [(457)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(A.)-250(Gell.)-250(xii.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.395 Td [(458)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Denis,)-250(ii.)-250(134;)-250(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.948 0 Td [(Die)-250(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 78.196 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(660.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -168.851 -7.394 Td [(459)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vii.)-250(133.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 564 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 565 0 R /Resources 563 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 547 0 R >> endobj 566 0 obj << /D [564 0 R /XYZ 110.72 518.175 null] >> endobj 563 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 569 0 obj << /Length 5404 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(97)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-315(purity,)-331(therefore,)-332(is)-315(not)-315(peculiar)-315(to)-314(himself.)-445(The)-315(great)-315(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-275(bad)-275(enough,)-282(but)-275(there)-275(was)-275(another)-275(world)-275(beside)-275(that)-275(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infamy)-250(Juvenal)-250(has)-250(immortalised.)]TJ 11.956 -13.594 Td [(It)-404(is)-405(also)-404(to)-405(be)-404(observed)-405(that)-404(Juvenal)-405(seems)-404(to)-405(be)-404(quite)-404(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(much)-377(under)-377(the)-378(influence)-377(of)-377(old)-377(Roman)-377(conventionality)-377(as)-377(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(permanent)-386(moral)-386(ideals.)-658(He)-386(condemns)-386(eccentricities,)-420(or)-386(mere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(harmless)-389(aberrations)-389(from)-389(old-fashioned)-389(rules)-389(of)-389(propriety,)-423(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ruthlessly)-266(as)-265(he)-266(punishes)-265(lust)-266(and)-266(crime.)-296(The)-266(blue-stocking)-265(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-269(a)-269(purist)-269(in)-269(style,)-273(and)-269(who)-269(balances,)-274(with)-269(deafening)-268(volubility,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([78])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(the)-268(merits)-267(of)-268(Homer)-267(and)-268(Virgil,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 139.123 3.959 Td [(460)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.421 -3.959 Td [(the)-268(eager)-267(gossip)-268(who)-267(has)-268(the)]TJ -154.544 -13.549 Td [(very)-256(freshest)-256(news)-255(from)-256(Thrace)-256(or)-256(Parthia,)-257(or)-256(the)-256(latest)-256(secret)-255(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-290(tainted)-290(family,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.076 3.959 Td [(461)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.726 -3.959 Td [(the)-290(virago)-290(who,)-300(with)-290(an)-290(intolerable)-290(pride)-290(of)]TJ -87.802 -13.549 Td [(virtue,)-235(plays)-232(the)-232(household)-232(tyrant)-231(and)-232(delivers)-232(curtain)-232(lectures)-231(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(her)-273(lord,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.207 3.958 Td [(462)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.488 -3.958 Td [(seem)-273(to)-272(be)-273(almost)-272(as)-273(detestable)-272(in)-273(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 185.639 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-273(eyes)-272(as)]TJ -241.967 -13.55 Td [(the)-245(doubtful)-246(person)-245(who)-246(has)-245(had)-246(ei)1(ght)-246(husbands)-245(in)-246(five)-245(years,)-246(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-248(who)-247(elopes)-248(with)-247(an)-248(ugly)-248(gladiator,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.216 3.959 Td [(463)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.16 -3.959 Td [(or)-248(tosses)-247(off)-248(two)-247(pints)]TJ -184.376 -13.549 Td [(before)-315(dinner.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.901 3.959 Td [(464)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.316 -3.959 Td [(We)-315(may)-315(share)-316(his)-315(disgust)-315(for)-315(the)-316(great)-315(ladies)]TJ -79.217 -13.549 Td [(who)-227(fought)-227(in)-227(the)-226(arena)-227(and)-227(wrestled)-227(in)-227(the)-227(ring,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.811 3.959 Td [(465)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.979 -3.959 Td [(or)-227(who)-227(order)]TJ -224.79 -13.549 Td [(their)-319(poor)-319(tire-women)-319(to)-318(be)-319(flogged)-319(for)-319(deranging)-319(a)-319(curl)-319(in)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(towering)-283(architecture)-283(of)-283(their)-282(hair.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.389 3.959 Td [(466)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.255 -3.959 Td [(But)-283(we)-283(cannot)-282(feel)-283(all)-283(his)]TJ -167.644 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-258(for)-258(the)-259(poor)-258(penitent)-258(devotee)-258(of)-259(Isis)-258(who)-258(broke)-258(the)-258(ice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-320(plunge)-319(thrice)-320(in)-320(the)-320(Tiber)-319(on)-320(a)-320(winter)-320(morning,)-337(and)-319(crawled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-297(bleeding)-296(knees)-297(over)-296(the)-297(Campus)-297(Martius,)-308(or)-296(brought)-297(a)-296(phial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-283(water)-283(from)-282(the)-283(Nile)-283(to)-282(sprinkle)-283(in)-283(the)-283(fane)-282(of)-283(the)-283(goddess.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(467)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 196.887 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 190.075 Td [(460)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(436)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 41.846 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -44.835 -15.622 Td [(Committit)-250(vates)-250(et)-250(comparat;)-250(inde)-250(Maronem,)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Atque)-250(alia)-250(parte)-250(in)-250(trutina)-250(suspendit)-250(Homerum.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Cedunt)-250(grammatici,)-250(vincuntur)-250(rhetores)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 138.961 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -147.678 -11.974 Td [(461)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(400)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(462)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(268.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(463)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(108,)-250(60.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(464)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(427.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.395 Td [(465)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(252.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(466)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(493.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(467)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(528.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 568 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 569 0 R /Resources 567 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 571 0 R >> endobj 570 0 obj << /D [568 0 R /XYZ 282.238 409.737 null] >> endobj 567 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 574 0 obj << /Length 5400 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(98)-6171(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Even)-314(lust,)-330(grossness,)-330(and)-314(cruelty,)-330(even)-314(poisoning)-314(and)-314(abortion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seem)-356(to)-357(lose)-356(some)-356(of)-357(their)-356(blackness)-356(when)-357(they)-356(are)-356(compared)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-308(an)-307(innocent)-308(literary)-308(vanity,)-322(or)-308(a)-307(pathetic)-308(eagerness)-308(to)-307(read)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(future)-250(or)-250(to)-250(soothe)-250(the)-250(pangs)-250(of)-250(a)-250(guilty)-250(conscience.)]TJ 11.956 -14.898 Td [(The)-421(truth)-421(is)-421(that)-421(Juvenal)-421(is)-421(as)-421(much)-421(shocked)-421(by)-421(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 245.656 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(new)]TJ -262.456 -13.549 Td [(woman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.117 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.971 0 Td [(as)-287(he)-286(is)-287(by)-287(the)-287(vicious)-286(woman.)-361(He)-286(did)-287(not)-287(understand,)]TJ -40.088 -13.549 Td [(or)-595(he)-595(could)-595(not)-596(acquiesce)-595(in)-595(the)-595(great)-595(movement)-595(for)-595(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emancipation)-551(of)-551(women,)-626(which)-551(had)-551(set)-551(in)-551(long)-551(before)-550(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time,)-471(and)-427(which,)-471(like)-427(all)-427(such)-427(movements,)-472(brought)-426(evil)-427(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-383(as)-383(well)-382(as)-383(good.)-649(There)-382(is)-383(perhaps)-383(nothing)-383(more)-383(striking)-382(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-353(social)-352(history)-353(of)-352(Rome)-352(than)-353(the)-352(inveterate)-353(conservatism)-352(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-437(sentiment)-437(in)-436(the)-437(face)-437(of)-436(accomplished)-437(change.)-810(Such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-409(rigidity)-408(is)-409(almost)-409(necessarily)-408(prone)-409(to)-409(pessimism.)-725(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Golden)-272(Age)-273(lies)-272(in)-272(the)-273(past;)-283(the)-272(onward)-273(sweep)-272(of)-272(society)-272(seems)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-357(be)-358(always)-357(moving)-357(towards)-357(the)-358(abyss.)-571(The)-358(ideal)-357(past)-357(of)-357(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-362(woman)-362(lay)-361(more)-362(than)-362(two)-361(centuries)-362(and)-362(a)-362(half)-361(behind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-226(time)-226(when)-226(Juvenal)-225(was)-226(born.)-242(The)-226(old)-226(Roman)-226(matron)-226(was,)-230(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legal)-222(theory,)-227(in)-222(the)-222(power)-222(of)-222(her)-221(husband,)-228(yet)-222(assured)-222(by)-221(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-449(sentiment)-448(a)-449(dignified)-449(position)-448(in)-449(the)-449(family,)-498(and)-448(treated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-326(profound,)-344(if)-326(somewhat)-325(cold,)-345(respect;)-363(she)-325(was)-326(busied)-325(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(household)-320(cares,)-337(and)-320(wanting)-320(in)-320(the)-320(lighter)-320(graces)-320(and)-319(charms,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([79])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(austere,)-258(self-contained,)-259(and)-256(self-controlled.)-270(But)-257(this)-257(severe)-256(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-361(begun)-362(to)-361(fade)-362(even)-361(in)-362(the)-361(days)-361(of)-362(the)-361(elder)-362(Cato.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.018 3.959 Td [(468)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.827 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(there)-241(is)-242(hardly)-241(a)-241(fault)-241(or)-242(vice)-241(attributed)-241(by)-242(Juvenal)-241(to)-241(the)-241(women)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-427(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.956 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-427(reign,)-470(which)-427(may)-427(not)-426(find)-427(parallel)-427(in)-426(the)-427(nine)]TJ -58.589 -13.55 Td [(or)-390(ten)-390(generations)-389(before)-390(Juvenal)-390(penned)-390(his)-390(great)-389(indictment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-321(the)-321(womanhood)-322(of)-321(his)-321(age.)-464(The)-321(Roman)-321(lady)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 234.711 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-321(irritable)]TJ -238.344 -13.549 Td [(pride)-334(of)-334(birth)-333(is)-334(at)-334(least)-333(as)-334(old)-334(as)-334(the)-333(rivalry)-334(of)-334(the)-334(two)-333(Fabiae)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-321(the)-321(fourth)-321(century.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.429 3.959 Td [(469)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.504 -3.959 Td [(The)-321(elder)-321(Cato)-321(dreaded)-321(a)-321(rich)-321(wife)-321(as)]TJ -111.933 -13.549 Td [(much)-245(as)-244(Juvenal,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.718 3.958 Td [(470)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.134 -3.958 Td [(and)-245(satirised)-244(as)-245(bitterly)-244(the)-245(pride)-244(and)-245(gossip)]TJ -89.852 -13.55 Td [(and)-348(luxury)-347(of)-348(the)-347(women)-348(of)-348(his)-347(time.)-543(Their)-348(love)-347(of)-348(gems)-347(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 92.19 Td [(468)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(R.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(ii.)-250(408)-250(\050Tr.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -75.475 -7.31 Td [(469)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-250(vi.)-250(34.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(470)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Cato)-250(Maj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.609 0 Td [(c.)-250(xx.;)-250(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(165,)-250(460.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 573 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 574 0 R /Resources 572 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 571 0 R >> endobj 575 0 obj << /D [573 0 R /XYZ 170.695 245.843 null] >> endobj 572 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 578 0 obj << /Length 5819 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13948(99)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(gold)-446(ornaments)-445(and)-446(many-coloured)-445(robes)-445(and)-446(richly)-445(adorned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carriages,)-348(is)-329(attested)-328(by)-329(Plautus)-328(and)-329(the)-328(impotent)-329(legislation)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(C.)-280(Oppius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.307 3.959 Td [(471)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.177 -3.959 Td [(Divorce)-280(and)-281(ghastly)-280(crime)-281(in)-280(the)-281(noblest)-280(families)]TJ -63.484 -13.549 Td [(were)-326(becoming)-325(common)-326(in)-326(the)-325(days)-326(of)-326(the)-325(Second)-326(Punic)-325(War.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(About)-353(the)-352(same)-353(time)-352(began)-352(that)-353(emancipation)-352(of)-353(women)-352(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-405(jealous)-405(restraints)-406(of)-405(Roman)-405(law,)-444(which)-405(was)-405(to)-405(be)-405(carried)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(further)-407(in)-407(the)-407(Antonine)-407(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.734 3.959 Td [(472)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.319 -3.959 Td [(The)-407(strict)-407(forms)-407(of)-407(marriage,)]TJ -148.053 -13.549 Td [(which)-369(placed)-370(the)-369(wife)-369(in)-369(the)-369(power)-370(of)-369(her)-369(husband,)-399(fell)-369(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-232(more)-232(into)-232(desuetude.)-244(Women)-232(attained)-232(more)-232(absolute)-231(control)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(over)-382(their)-383(property,)-415(and)-383(so)-382(much)-383(capital)-382(became)-382(concentrated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-303(their)-303(hands)-303(that,)-316(about)-303(the)-303(middle)-303(of)-303(the)-303(second)-303(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 262.829 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(Voconian)-275(law)-275(was)-274(passed)-275(to)-275(prohibit)-275(bequests)-275(to)-274(them,)-281(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(usual)-278(futile)-278(result)-278(of)-278(such)-278(legislation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.089 3.959 Td [(473)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.094 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-278(the)-278(old)-278(ideal)-278(of)]TJ -195.183 -13.549 Td [(the)-348(industrious)-349(housewife)-348(never)-348(died)-348(out,)-373(and)-348(Roman)-348(epitaphs)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-284(ages)-283(record)-284(that)-284(the)-283(model)-284(matron)-284(was)-283(a)-284(wool-worker)-284(and)-283(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(keeper)-319(at)-319(home.)-457(A)-319(senator)-319(of)-319(the)-319(reign)-319(of)-319(Honorius)-319(praises)-318(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(daughter)-344(for)-343(the)-344(same)-344(homely)-344(virtues.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.537 3.959 Td [(474)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.248 -3.959 Td [(But)-344(from)-343(the)-344(second)]TJ -188.785 -13.549 Td [(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 35.21 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.566 0 Td [(the)-229(education)-228(of)-229(the)-228(Roman)-229(girl)-228(of)-229(the)-228(higher)-229(classes)]TJ -52.776 -13.549 Td [(underwent)-378(a)-377(great)-378(change.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 118.675 3.959 Td [(475)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.354 -3.959 Td [(Dancing,)-409(music,)-410(and)-377(the)-378(higher)]TJ -138.029 -13.549 Td [(accomplishments)-449(were)-450(no)-449(longer)-450(under)-449(a)-450(ban,)-499(although)-449(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-251(still)-250(suspected)-251(by)-250(people)-250(of)-251(the)-250(old-fashioned)-251(school.)-251(Boys)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-335(girls)-335(received)-335(the)-335(same)-335(training)-334(from)-335(the)-335(grammarian,)-356(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(read)-273(their)-274(Homer)-273(and)-273(Ennius)-273(together.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.505 3.959 Td [(476)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.942 -3.959 Td [(There)-273(were)-274(women)-273(in)]TJ -184.447 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(time)-277(of)-277(Lucretius,)-284(as)-277(in)-277(the)-277(time)-277(of)-278(Juvenal,)-283(who)-277(interlarded)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([80])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(their)-313(conversation)-313(with)-312(Greek)-313(phrases.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.883 3.958 Td [(477)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.236 -3.958 Td [(Cornelia,)-329(the)-312(wife)-313(of)]TJ -188.119 -13.55 Td [(Pompey,)-455(was)-414(trained)-415(in)-414(literature)-414(and)-414(mathematics,)-455(and)-414(even)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 147.711 Td [(471)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Val.)-250(Max.)-250(ii.)-250(1,)-250(5;)-250(Liv.)-250(xxxiv.)-250(1,)-250(3;)-250(Marq.)-250(i.)-250(p.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(472)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(R.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(ii.)-250(408.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -75.475 -7.311 Td [(473)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(in)-250(Verr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.136 0 Td [(i.)-250(42,)-250(107.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.779 -7.311 Td [(474)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sym.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.385 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.597 0 Td [(vi.)-636(67;)-442(cf.)-636(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.137 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.047 0 Td [(lxiv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.657 0 Td [(Or.)-636(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.964 0 Td [(2677,)-411(4629,)-410(4629,)]TJ -212.742 -10.958 Td [(lanifica,)-250(pia,)-250(pudica,)-250(casta,)-250(domiseda.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.395 Td [(475)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.943 0 Td [(iii.)-250(14,)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -60.017 -7.31 Td [(476)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)-250(i.)-250(312;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.938 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(ii.)-250(240.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -133.998 -7.311 Td [(477)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Lucr.)-250(iv.)-250(1160;)-250(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(192.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 577 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 578 0 R /Resources 576 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 571 0 R >> endobj 579 0 obj << /D [577 0 R /XYZ 97.654 206.544 null] >> endobj 576 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 582 0 obj << /Length 6195 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(100)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(had)-392(some)-392(tincture)-392(of)-392(philosophy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.515 3.959 Td [(478)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.824 -3.959 Td [(The)-392(daughter)-392(of)-392(Atticus,)]TJ -169.339 -13.549 Td [(who)-329(became)-330(the)-329(wife)-329(of)-330(Agrippa,)-349(was)-329(placed)-330(under)-329(the)-329(tuition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-491(a)-491(freedman,)-551(who,)-552(as)-491(too)-491(often)-491(happened,)-551(seems)-491(to)-491(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abused)-334(his)-334(trust.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.441 3.958 Td [(479)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.937 -3.958 Td [(Even)-334(in)-334(the)-335(gay)-334(circle)-334(of)-334(Ovid,)-356(there)-334(were)]TJ -90.378 -13.55 Td [(learned)-321(ladies,)-338(or)-320(ladies)-321(who)-320(wished)-321(to)-320(be)-321(thought)-320(so.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.723 3.959 Td [(480)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.489 -3.959 Td [(Even)]TJ -258.212 -13.549 Td [(Martial)-296(reckons)-296(culture)-297(among)-296(the)-296(charms)-296(of)-297(a)-296(woman.)-388(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(maintained)-383(that)-383(women)-382(have)-383(an)-383(equal)-383(capacity)-383(for)-382(cultivation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-205(men.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.142 3.959 Td [(481)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.016 -3.959 Td [(Thus)-205(the)-204(blue-stocking)-205(of)-205(Juvenal,)-213(for)-205(whom)-205(he)-204(has)]TJ -58.158 -13.549 Td [(so)-326(much)-326(contempt,)-345(had)-326(many)-326(an)-326(ancestress)-326(for)-326(three)-325(centuries,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-399(she)-398(will)-399(have)-399(many)-399(a)-398(daughter)-399(till)-399(the)-398(end)-399(of)-399(the)-398(Western)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Empire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.844 3.959 Td [(482)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.121 -3.959 Td [(Even)-309(in)-310(philosophy,)-324(usually)-309(the)-309(last)-309(study)-310(to)-309(attract)]TJ -51.965 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(female)-272(mind,)-277(Roman)-272(ladies)-271(were)-272(asserting)-272(an)-272(equal)-271(interest.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Great)-216(ladies)-216(of)-217(the)-216(Augustan)-216(court,)-223(even)-216(the)-216(empress)-216(herself,)-223(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-362(philosophic)-361(directors,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 119.699 3.958 Td [(483)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.704 -3.958 Td [(and)-362(the)-361(fashion)-362(perhaps)-362(became)]TJ -136.403 -13.55 Td [(still)-329(more)-329(general)-328(under)-329(M.)-329(Aurelius.)-486(Epictetus)-329(had)-329(met)-328(ladies)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-335(were)-334(enthusiastic)-335(admirers)-335(of)-335(t)1(he)-335(Platonic)-335(Utopia,)-356(but)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosopher)-188(rather)-188(slyly)-189(attributes)-188(their)-188(enthusiasm)-188(to)-188(the)-188(absence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(rigorous)-359(conjugal)-358(relations)-359(in)-359(the)-359(Ideal)-359(Society.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.069 3.959 Td [(484)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.741 -3.959 Td [(Even)-359(in)]TJ -245.81 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(field)-292(of)-293(authorship,)-303(women)-292(were)-293(claiming)-292(equal)-293(rights.)-377(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(Memoirs)-321(of)-321(Agrippina)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 102.029 0 Td [(was)-321(one)-321(of)-322(the)-321(authorities)-321(of)-321(Tacitus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.148 3.959 Td [(485)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(The)-350(poems)-350(of)-349(Sulpicia,)-375(mentioned)-350(by)-350(Martial,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.999 3.959 Td [(486)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.541 -3.959 Td [(were)-350(read)-350(in)]TJ -224.54 -13.549 Td [(Gaul)-284(in)-283(the)-284(days)-284(of)-284(Sidonius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.505 3.959 Td [(487)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.285 -3.959 Td [(Greek)-284(verses,)-292(of)-284(some)-283(merit)-284(in)]TJ -144.79 -13.549 Td [(spite)-321(of)-320(a)-321(pedantic)-321(affectation,)-338(by)-321(Balbilla,)-339(a)-320(friend)-321(of)-321(the)-320(wife)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-416(Hadrian,)-457(can)-415(still)-416(be)-415(read)-416(on)-415(the)-416(Colossus)-415(of)-416(Memnon.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(488)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 188.043 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 181.231 Td [(478)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Pomp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.401 0 Td [(lv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.045 -7.311 Td [(479)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Gram.)-250(Ill.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.988 -7.31 Td [(480)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Ars)-250(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.131 0 Td [(ii.)-250(282.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.278 -7.311 Td [(481)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(xii.)-250(98,)-250(3;)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 87.915 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(xvii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.927 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(xvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -190.272 -7.311 Td [(482)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Laus)-250(Serenae)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.562 0 Td [(,)-250(146.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.172 -7.31 Td [(483)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.747 -7.311 Td [(484)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(liii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.567 -7.394 Td [(485)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(53;)-250(cf.)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.547 0 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(vii.)-250(8,)-250(46.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -125.526 -7.311 Td [(486)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(x.)-250(35;)-250(vii.)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(487)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sid.)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.352 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.909 0 Td [(ix.)-250(261.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -77.968 -7.311 Td [(488)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(C.I.G.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(4725-31.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 581 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 582 0 R /Resources 580 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 571 0 R >> endobj 580 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 585 0 obj << /Length 5588 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(101)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Calpurnia,)-329(the)-313(wife)-313(of)-313(Pliny,)-328(may)-313(not)-313(have)-313(been)-313(an)-313(author;)-344(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(she)-265(shared)-265(all)-265(Pli)1(ny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.631 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-265(literary)-265(tastes;)-272(she)-265(set)-264(his)-265(poems)-265(to)-265(music,)]TJ -89.264 -13.549 Td [(and)-207(gave)-207(him)-207(the)-207(admiration)-207(of)-207(a)-207(good)-208(wife,)-215(if)-207(not)-207(of)-207(an)-207(impartial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(critic.)]TJ 11.956 -18.095 Td [(Juvenal)-286(feels)-285(as)-286(much)-285(scorn)-286(for)-285(the)-286(woman)-285(who)-286(is)-285(interested)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(in)-396(public)-396(affairs)-396(and)-397(the)-396(events)-396(on)-396(the)-396(frontier,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 214.833 3.959 Td [(489)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.173 -3.959 Td [(as)-396(he)-396(feels)]TJ -232.005 -13.549 Td [(for)-412(the)-411(woman)-412(who)-412(presumes)-412(to)-411(balance)-412(the)-412(merits)-412(of)-411(Virgil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-451(Homer.)-853(And)-451(here)-451(he)-451(is)-451(once)-451(more)-451(at)-451(war)-451(with)-451(a)-451(great)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.023 0 Td [([81])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(movement)-427(towards)-427(the)-428(equality)-427(of)-427(the)-427(sexes.)-782(From)-427(the)-427(days)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-318(Cornelia,)-335(the)-319(mother)-318(of)-318(the)-318(Gracchi,)-336(to)-318(the)-318(days)-318(of)-318(Placidia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-353(sister)-353(of)-353(Honorius,)-378(Roman)-353(women)-353(exercised,)-379(from)-352(time)-353(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time,)-214(a)-204(powerful,)-214(and)-204(not)-204(always)-205(wholesome,)-213(influence)-205(on)-204(public)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affairs.)-793(The)-431(politic)-431(Augustus)-431(discussed)-431(high)-431(matters)-431(of)-431(state)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-426(Livia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.801 3.959 Td [(490)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.946 -3.959 Td [(The)-426(reign)-426(of)-426(Claudius)-427(was)-426(a)-426(reign)-426(of)-426(women)]TJ -70.747 -13.549 Td [(and)-387(freedmen.)-659(Tacitus)-387(records,)-421(with)-386(a)-387(certain)-386(distaste)-387(for)-386(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(innovation,)-398(that)-368(Agrippina)-369(sat)-368(enthroned)-368(beside)-369(Claudius)-368(on)-368(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lofty)-187(tribunal,)-200(to)-188(receive)-187(the)-188(homage)-187(of)-188(the)-187(captive)-188(Caractacus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.176 3.959 Td [(491)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.176 -17.508 Td [(Nero)-438(emancipated)-438(himself)-438(from)-439(the)-438(grasping)-438(ambition)-438(of)-438(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mother)-410(only)-410(by)-411(a)-410(ghastly)-410(crime.)-731(The)-410(influence)-410(of)-410(Caenis)-410(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian)-278(in)-278(his)-278(later)-279(days)-278(tarnished)-278(his)-278(fame.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.936 3.959 Td [(492)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.102 -3.959 Td [(The)-278(influence)]TJ -220.038 -13.549 Td [(of)-473(women)-473(in)-472(provincial)-473(administration)-473(was)-473(also)-473(becoming)-472(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(serious)-241(force.)-248(In)-241(the)-242(reign)-241(of)-242(Tiberius,)-243(Caecina)-242(Severus,)-243(with)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weight)-330(of)-329(forty)-330(years)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.795 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.229 0 Td [(experience)-330(of)-329(camps,)-350(in)-330(a)-329(speech)-330(before)]TJ -101.024 -13.55 Td [(the)-323(Senate,)-341(denounced)-323(the)-323(new-fangled)-323(custom)-323(of)-323(the)-322(wives)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generals)-398(and)-398(governors)-398(accompanying)-398(them)-397(abroad,)-435(attending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reviews)-306(of)-306(troops,)-320(mingling)-306(freely)-306(with)-306(the)-306(soldiers,)-320(and)-306(taking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-449(active)-449(part)-449(in)-449(business,)-499(which)-448(was)-449(not)-449(always)-449(favourable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-424(pure)-425(administration.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 102.891 3.959 Td [(493)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.886 -3.959 Td [(In)-424(the)-425(inscriptions)-424(of)-424(the)-425(first)-424(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.388 Td [(489)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(403;)-250(cf.)-250(434.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(490)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(lxxxiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.026 -7.311 Td [(491)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.416 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.092 0 Td [(xii.)-640(37,)-412(novum)-380(sane)-380(et)-379(moribus)-380(veterum)-380(insolitum,)-412(feminam)]TJ -53.464 -10.959 Td [(signis)-250(Romanis)-250(praesidere.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.31 Td [(492)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxvi.)-250(14;)-250(cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 96.388 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xvi.;)-250(Krause,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.311 0 Td [(De)-250(Suet.)-250(Fontibus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.504 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(75.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -242.823 -7.311 Td [(493)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.925 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.261 0 Td [(iii.)-362(33;)-305(cf.)-362(i.)-362(64;)-306(i.)-361(69,)-297(sed)-287(femina)-287([)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 128.624 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.533 0 Td [(Agrippina])-287(ingens)-287(animi)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 584 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 585 0 R /Resources 583 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 571 0 R >> endobj 586 0 obj << /D [584 0 R /XYZ 305.594 418.785 null] >> endobj 583 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 589 0 obj << /Length 5883 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(102)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(second)-248(centuries,)-248(women)-248(appear)-247(in)-248(a)-248(more)-248(wholesome)-247(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 13.506 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mothers)-405(of)-405(the)-405(camp,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.18 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.262 0 Td [(or)-405(patronesses)-405(of)-405(municipal)-405(towns)]TJ -124.792 -13.549 Td [(and)-395(corporations.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.323 3.959 Td [(494)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.922 -3.959 Td [(They)-395(have)-395(statues)-395(dedicated)-395(to)-394(them)-395(for)]TJ -97.245 -13.549 Td [(liberality)-279(in)-278(erecting)-279(porticoes)-278(or)-279(adorning)-278(theatres)-279(or)-278(providing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(civic)-359(games)-360(or)-359(feasts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.496 3.959 Td [(495)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.76 -3.959 Td [(And)-359(on)-360(one)-359(of)-360(these)-359(tablets)-359(we)-360(read)]TJ -116.256 -13.549 Td [(of)-343(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 21.413 0 Td [(Curia)-343(mulierum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 74.758 0 Td [(at)-343(Lanuvium.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.191 3.959 Td [(496)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.221 -3.959 Td [(We)-343(are)-343(reminded)-343(of)-343(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -173.583 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(chapter)-167(of)-167(matrons)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.99 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.668 0 Td [(who)-167(visited)-168(Agrippina)-167(with)-167(their)-167(censure,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.675 3.959 Td [(497)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(and)-336(another)-336(female)-336(senate,)-357(under)-336(Elagabalus,)-358(which)-336(dealt)-335(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minute)-457(questions)-458(of)-457(precedence)-457(and)-458(graded)-457(etiquette.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.334 3.958 Td [(498)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.965 -3.958 Td [(On)]TJ -267.299 -13.55 Td [(the)-377(walls)-377(of)-378(Pompeii)-377(female)-377(admirers)-377(posted)-377(up)-377(their)-377(election)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(placards)-205(in)-205(support)-205(of)-206(their)-205(favourite)-205(candidates.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.23 3.959 Td [(499)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.017 -3.959 Td [(Thus)-205(Juvenal)]TJ -223.247 -13.549 Td [(was)-345(fighting)-344(a)-345(lost)-345(battle,)-368(lost)-345(long)-344(before)-345(he)-345(wrote.)-534(For)-344(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-378(evil,)-410(women)-378(in)-378(the)-378(first)-378(and)-378(second)-378(centuries)-378(were)-378(making)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-250(a)-250(power.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([82])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.712 -17.111 Td [(Although)-424(he)-424(was)-425(probably)-424(a)-424(very)-424(light)-425(believer)-424(in)-424(the)-424(old)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(mythology,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.007 3.959 Td [(500)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.325 -3.959 Td [(and)-261(treat)1(ed)-261(its)-261(greatest)-260(figures)-261(with)-260(scant)-261(respect,)]TJ -65.332 -13.549 Td [(Juvenal)-371(had)-371(all)-371(the)-371(old)-371(Roman)-371(prejudice)-371(against)-371(those)-371(eastern)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(worships)-394(which)-395(captivated)-394(so)-395(many)-394(women)-394(of)-395(his)-394(day.)-683(And,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(here)-280(again,)-288(the)-280(satirist)-280(is)-280(assailing)-280(a)-280(movement)-280(which)-280(had)-280(set)-280(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-302(before)-302(he)-302(wrote,)-316(and)-302(which)-302(was)-302(destined)-302(to)-302(gain)-302(immense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impetus)-470(and)-470(popularity)-470(in)-469(the)-470(two)-470(following)-470(centuries.)-909(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eunuch)-479(priests)-479(of)-479(the)-479(Great)-479(Mother,)-536(with)-479(their)-479(cymbals)-478(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Phrygian)-404(tiaras,)-442(had)-404(appeared)-403(in)-404(Italy)-404(in)-404(the)-403(last)-404(years)-404(of)-403(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hannibalic)-350(War.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.186 3.959 Td [(501)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.445 -3.959 Td [(The)-350(early)-349(years)-350(of)-350(the)-350(second)-349(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 173.925 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -265.556 -13.549 Td [(were)-408(convulsed)-409(by)-408(the)-408(scandals)-408(and)-409(horrors)-408(of)-408(the)-408(Dionysiac)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 175.133 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 93.543 166.309 Td [(munia)-250(ducis)-250(per)-250(eos)-250(dies)-250(induit,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(494)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-456(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.82 0 Td [(6000,)-336(4036,)-336(5158,)-336(4643,)-336(5134,)-336(3774,)-336(2417,)-336(4055,)-336(4056,)-336(7207,)]TJ -51.776 -10.959 Td [(3815.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(495)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3738,)-250(3773,)-250(6992.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(496)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3740.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(497)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Galba)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(,)-250(v.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.548 -7.311 Td [(498)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(Heliogab.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(iv.;)-250(cf.)-250(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.765 0 Td [(Aurelian.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.866 0 Td [(xlix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -181.557 -7.31 Td [(499)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.127 0 Td [(\050Kelsey)-250(Tr.\051,)-250(p.)-250(479.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -64.752 -7.395 Td [(500)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(ii.)-250(31;)-250(iv.)-250(34;)-250(xiii.)-250(38;)-250(vi.)-250(394;)-250(vii.)-250(194.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(501)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-250(xxix.)-250(14.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 588 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 589 0 R /Resources 587 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 571 0 R >> endobj 590 0 obj << /D [588 0 R /XYZ 93.543 339.668 null] >> endobj 587 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 593 0 obj << /Length 5852 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(103)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(orgies,)-378(which)-352(fell)-352(on)-353(Rome)-352(like)-352(a)-353(pestilence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.304 3.959 Td [(502)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.528 -3.959 Td [(The)-352(purity)-353(of)]TJ -220.832 -13.549 Td [(women)-266(and)-265(the)-266(peace)-265(of)-266(families)-265(were)-266(in)-265(serious)-266(danger,)-269(till)-265(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mischief)-331(was)-332(stamped)-331(out)-332(in)-331(blood.)-494(The)-331(worship)-332(of)-331(Isis)-331(found)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-305(way)-305(into)-305(the)-305(capital)-305(at)-305(least)-305(as)-305(early)-305(as)-305(Sulla,)-319(and)-304(defied)-305(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(hesitating)-394(exclusion)-394(of)-393(Augustus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.157 3.959 Td [(503)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.887 -3.959 Td [(At)-394(this)-394(distance,)-429(we)-394(can)]TJ -170.044 -13.549 Td [(see)-378(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 35.519 0 Td [(raison)-378(d)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 37.467 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(\352tre)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.093 0 Td [(of)-378(what)-379(the)-378(satirist)-379(regarded)-378(as)-379(religious)]TJ -97.711 -13.549 Td [(aberrations,)-476(the)-431(full)-431(treatment)-431(of)-431(which)-431(must)-431(be)-431(reserved)-431(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-447(chapter.)-843(The)-447(world)-447(was)-448(in)-447(the)-447(throes)-448(of)-447(a)-447(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revolution,)-512(and)-459(eagerly)-459(in)-459(quest)-459(of)-460(some)-459(fresh)-459(vision)-459(of)-459(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Divine,)-353(from)-332(whatever)-332(quarter)-332(it)-332(might)-333(dawn.)-496(The)-332(cults)-332(of)-332(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(East)-341(seemed)-340(to)-341(satisfy)-341(cravings)-340(and)-341(emotions,)-363(which)-341(found)-340(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resting-place)-237(in)-238(the)-237(national)-238(religion.)-246(Their)-237(ritual)-238(appealed)-237(to)-237(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(senses)-226(and)-225(imagination,)-231(while)-226(their)-225(mysteries)-226(seemed)-226(to)-225(promise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-206(revelation)-206(of)-206(God)-206(and)-206(immortality.)-235(Their)-206(strange)-206(mixture)-206(of)-206(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sensuous)-229(and)-230(the)-229(ascetic)-230(was)-229(specially)-229(adapted)-230(to)-229(fascinate)-229(weak)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(women)-456(who)-456(had)-456(deeply)-456(sinned,)-508(and)-456(yet)-456(occasionally)-456(longed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-420(repent.)-761(The)-420(repentance)-420(indeed)-421(was)-420(often)-420(shallow)-420(enough;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-417(fasting)-418(and)-417(mortification)-417(were)-418(compatible)-417(with)-417(very)-417(light)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(morals.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.422 3.958 Td [(504)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.473 -3.958 Td [(There)-289(were)-290(the)-289(gravest)-290(moral)-289(abuses)-290(connected)-289(with)]TJ -48.895 -13.55 Td [(such)-383(worships)-383(as)-383(that)-383(of)-382(Magna)-383(Mater.)-649(It)-383(is)-383(well)-383(known)-382(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-245(temples)-245(of)-245(Isis)-245(often)-245(became)-245(places)-245(of)-245(assignation)-245(and)-245(guilty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intrigue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.666 3.959 Td [(505)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.914 -3.959 Td [(An)-334(infatuated)-333(Roman)-334(lady)-333(in)-334(the)-333(reign)-334(of)-333(Tiberius)]TJ -54.58 -13.549 Td [(had)-269(been)-269(seduced)-270(by)-269(her)-269(lover)-269(in)-269(the)-270(pretended)-269(guise)-269(of)-269(the)-269(god)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Anubis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.244 3.959 Td [(506)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.745 -3.959 Td [(The)-359(Chaldaean)-359(seer)-359(or)-359(the)-358(Jewish)-359(hag)-359(might)-359(often)]TJ -52.989 -13.549 Td [(arouse)-421(dangerous)-422(hopes,)-464(or)-421(fan)-422(a)-421(guilty)-421(passion)-422(by)-421(casting)-421(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([83])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(horoscope)-303(or)-304(reading)-303(a)-304(dream.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.714 3.959 Td [(507)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.93 -3.959 Td [(But)-303(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.401 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-303(scorn)-304(seems)-303(to)]TJ -207.678 -13.549 Td [(fall)-406(quite)-406(as)-406(heavily)-406(on)-406(the)-406(innocent)-406(votary)-406(who)-406(was)-406(striving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-449(appease)-449(a)-448(burdened)-449(conscience,)-499(as)-448(on)-449(one)-449(who)-449(made)-448(her)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.864 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.968 Td [(502)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxxix.)-250(8;)-250(cf.)-250(Lafaye,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.95 0 Td [(Culte)-250(des)-250(Div.)-250(d)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 57.779 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Alexandrie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.344 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(iii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -198.717 -7.395 Td [(503)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(817;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.068 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(xciii.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(liii.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -128.511 -7.394 Td [(504)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Catull.)-250(x.)-250(26;)-250(Tibull.)-250(i.)-250(3,)-250(23;)-250(cf.)-250(Juv.)-250(xiii.)-250(93.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(505)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Ars)-250(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.131 0 Td [(i.)-250(77.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.277 -7.395 Td [(506)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(347.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.935 -7.394 Td [(507)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(547.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 592 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 593 0 R /Resources 591 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 595 0 R >> endobj 594 0 obj << /D [592 0 R /XYZ 46.771 192.994 null] >> endobj 591 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 598 0 obj << /Length 5915 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(104)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(superstition)-250(a)-250(screen)-250(for)-250(vice.)]TJ 11.956 -17.81 Td [(In)-488(spite)-487(of)-488(the)-488(political)-488(extincti)1(on)-488(of)-488(the)-488(Jewish)-487(race,)-547(its)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(numbers)-242(and)-242(influence)-242(grew)-242(in)-242(Italy.)-247(The)-242(very)-242(destruction)-242(of)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Holy)-365(Place)-365(and)-365(the)-364(external)-365(symbols)-365(of)-365(Jewish)-365(worship)-364(threw)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-462(more)-462(impressive)-461(air)-462(of)-462(mystery)-461(around)-462(the)-462(dogmas)-462(of)-461(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Jewish)-431(faith,)-476(of)-430(which)-431(even)-431(the)-430(most)-431(cultivated)-431(Romans)-430(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-293(vague)-294(conceptions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.688 3.959 Td [(508)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.598 -3.959 Td [(The)-293(Jews,)-305(from)-293(the)-293(time)-294(of)-293(the)-293(first)]TJ -123.286 -13.549 Td [(Caesar,)-333(had)-316(worked)-316(their)-316(way)-317(into)-316(every)-316(class)-316(of)-316(society.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 255.407 3.958 Td [(509)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.347 -3.958 Td [(A)]TJ -272.754 -13.55 Td [(Jewish)-433(prince)-432(had)-433(inspired)-433(Caligula)-433(with)-432(an)-433(oriental)-433(ideal)-432(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monarchy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.353 3.959 Td [(510)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.197 -3.959 Td [(There)-250(were)-251(adherents)-250(of)-251(Judaism)-250(in)-251(the)-250(household)]TJ -61.55 -13.549 Td [(of)-323(the)-323(great)-323(freedmen)-323(of)-323(Claudius,)-341(and)-323(their)-323(growing)-322(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-206(turbulence)-207(compelled)-206(that)-207(emperor)-206(to)-207(expel)-206(the)-207(race)-206(from)-206(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capital.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.811 3.958 Td [(511)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.444 -3.958 Td [(The)-319(worldly,)-337(pleasure-loving)-319(Poppaea)-319(had,)-336(perhaps,)]TJ -49.255 -13.55 Td [(yielded)-432(to)-433(the)-432(mysterious)-432(charm)-433(of)-432(the)-432(religion)-433(of)-432(Moses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(512)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(But)-313(it)-313(was)-312(under)-313(the)-313(Flavians,)-328(who)-313(had)-313(such)-313(close)-312(associations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-311(Judaea,)-327(that)-311(Jewish)-311(influences)-312(made)-311(themselves)-311(most)-311(felt.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-448(in)-449(the)-448(reign)-448(of)-448(Domitian,)-498(two)-449(members)-448(of)-448(the)-448(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(house,)-222(along)-215(with)-215(many)-216(others,)-222(suffered)-215(for)-215(following)-215(the)-215(Jewish)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mode)-437(of)-438(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.137 3.959 Td [(513)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.309 -3.959 Td [(Their)-437(crime)-438(is)-437(also)-437(described)-437(as)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.831 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(atheism,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.665 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(and)-393(Clemens)-392(is,)-428(in)-393(the)-392(old)-393(Roman)-392(spirit,)-428(said)-393(to)-392(have)-393(been)-392(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-278(of)-277(the)-278(most)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.531 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(contemptible)-278(inactivit)1(y.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.936 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.871 0 Td [(In)-278(truth,)-284(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.91 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Jewish)]TJ -250.936 -13.549 Td [(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 14.542 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.579 0 Td [(was)-251(a)-250(description)-251(which)-251(might)-251(cover)-250(many)-251(shades)-251(of)-251(belief)]TJ -22.121 -13.549 Td [(and)-283(practice)-283(in)-283(religion,)-291(including)-283(Christianity)-283(itself.)-349(The)-283(secret)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(worship)-429(of)-429(a)-429(dim,)-473(mysterious)-429(Power,)-474(Who)-429(was)-429(honoured)-428(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-382(imposing)-382(rites,)-415(a)-382(spirit)-382(of)-382(detachment)-382(and)-382(quietism,)-414(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shrank)-418(from)-417(games)-418(and)-417(spectacles)-418(and)-418(the)-417(scenes)-418(of)-417(fashion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-359(nursed)-359(the)-359(dream)-360(of)-359(a)-359(coming)-359(kingdom)-359(which)-359(was)-359(not)-359(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-416(world,)-457(excited)-416(the)-416(suspicion)-415(and)-416(contempt)-416(of)-416(the)-415(coarse,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.864 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.968 Td [(508)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(v.)-250(2,)-250(4;)-250(Juv.)-250(xiv.)-250(97.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.06 -7.395 Td [(509)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(42)-250(\050in)-250(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.334 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.582 0 Td [(,)-250(vi.)-250(11\051,)-250(victi)-250(victoribus)-250(leges)-250(dederunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -129.005 -7.394 Td [(510)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Meriv.)-250(vi.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(511)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(xxv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.538 -7.395 Td [(512)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(22;)-250(Duruy,)-250(iv.)-250(505.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.06 -7.394 Td [(513)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xv.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxvii.)-250(14;)-250(Ren.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 101.876 0 Td [(Les)-250(\311v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.638 0 Td [(p.)-250(228.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 597 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 598 0 R /Resources 596 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 595 0 R >> endobj 596 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 601 0 obj << /Length 5366 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(105)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(strenuous)-273(Roman)-272(nature.)-319(Yet,)-278(in)-273(the)-272(gloom)-273(and)-273(deep)-272(corruption)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-320(that)-320(sombre)-319(time,)-338(such)-320(a)-319(life)-320(of)-320(retreat)-320(and)-320(renunciation)-319(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-490(strange)-490(charm)-489(for)-490(naturally)-490(pious)-490(souls,)-550(especially)-489(among)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([84])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(women.)-465(There)-321(were)-322(indeed)-321(many)-321(degrees)-322(of)-321(conformity)-322(to)-321(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(religion)-407(of)-407(Palestine.)-722(While)-407(some)-407(were)-407(attracted)-407(by)-407(its)-407(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-389(side,)-423(others)-389(confined)-389(themselves)-389(to)-389(an)-389(observance)-388(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(Sabbath,)-393(which)-365(became)-365(very)-365(common)-365(in)-365(some)-365(quarters)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rome)-483(under)-482(the)-483(Empire.)-947(The)-483(children,)-541(as)-482(Juvenal)-483(tells)-482(us,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-439(sometimes)-439(trained)-439(to)-439(a)-439(complete)-439(conformity)-439(to)-439(the)-438(law)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-354(Moses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.156 3.959 Td [(514)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.572 -3.959 Td [(But)-354(Juvenal)-353(is)-354(chiefly)-354(thinking)-353(of)-354(the)-353(mendicant)]TJ -62.728 -13.549 Td [(population)-358(from)-358(Palestine)-357(who)-358(swarmed)-358(in)-358(the)-357(neighbourhood)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-340(the)-339(Porta)-339(Capena)-340(and)-339(the)-340(grove)-339(of)-340(the)-339(Muses,)-362(practising)-339(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(arts)-259(which)-259(have)-259(appealed)-259(in)-259(all)-259(ages)-259(to)-259(superstitious)-258(women.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Thus)-273(the)-273(Judaism)-273(of)-274(the)-273(times)-273(of)-273(Nero)-273(or)-273(Domitian)-273(might)-273(cover)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(anything)-276(from)-275(the)-276(cunning)-275(of)-276(the)-275(gipsy)-276(fortune-teller)-275(to)-276(the)-275(sad,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dreaming)-250(quietism)-250(of)-250(Pomponia)-250(Graecina.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 185.127 3.959 Td [(515)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -173.171 -20.759 Td [(Yet)-176(it)-175(must)-176(be)-176(admitted)-176(that,)-190(although)-176(Juvenal,)-190(in)-176(his)-176(attacks)-175(on)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(women,)-295(has)-286(mixed)-286(up)-285(very)-286(real)-286(vice)-286(with)-286(superstition)-286(and)-285(mere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(innocent)-248(eccentricity,)-248(or)-248(the)-248(explosive)-248(energy)-248(of)-248(a)-248(new)-247(freedom,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-440(real)-440(vices)-440(of)-440(many)-440(women)-440(of)-440(his)-440(time)-440(are)-440(a)-440(melancholy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fact.)-877(The)-459(Messalinas)-459(and)-459(Poppaeas)-459(had)-459(many)-459(imitators)-458(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(companions)-272(in)-271(their)-272(own)-272(class.)-315(It)-272(is)-272(true)-271(that)-272(even)-272(the)-271(licentious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fancy)-312(of)-312(Ovid)-312(and)-313(Martial)-312(generally)-312(spares)-312(the)-312(character)-312(of)-312(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unmarried)-248(girl.)-249(She)-248(was,)-248(in)-248(the)-248(darkest)-248(times,)-248(as)-248(a)-248(rule,)-248(carefully)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(guarded)-520(from)-520(the)-520(worst)-520(corruptions)-520(of)-520(the)-520(spectacles,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.682 3.959 Td [(516)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.861 -3.959 Td [(or)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(from)-355(the)-356(reckless)-355(advances)-356(of)-355(the)-355(hardened)-356(libertine,)-381(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-460(intrigue)-460(with)-460(a)-460(tutor)-460(was)-459(not)-460(unknown.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.44 3.959 Td [(517)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.05 -3.959 Td [(Her)-460(marriage)]TJ -220.49 -13.549 Td [(was)-431(arranged)-431(often)-431(in)-431(mere)-431(childhood,)-476(seldom)-431(later)-431(than)-431(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seventeenth)-315(year.)-443(A)-315(girl)-315(was)-314(rarely)-315(betrothed)-314(after)-315(nineteen.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(518)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.66 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.764 Td [(514)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xiv.)-250(96;)-250(vi.)-250(544;)-250(iii.)-250(15;)-250(Ren.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 120.813 0 Td [(Les)-250(\311v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.638 0 Td [(p.)-250(234.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -161.157 -7.394 Td [(515)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.394 Td [(516)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(332;)-250(cf.)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.513 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vii.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -161.892 -7.395 Td [(517)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Ill.)-250(Gram.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(xvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.987 -7.394 Td [(518)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)-250(i.)-250(314;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.063 0 Td [(Inscr.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2656,)-250(2668,)-250(4803.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 600 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 601 0 R /Resources 599 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 595 0 R >> endobj 602 0 obj << /D [600 0 R /XYZ 188.601 491.077 null] >> endobj 599 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 605 0 obj << /Length 5760 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(106)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Her)-400(temptations)-401(and)-400(danger)-400(often)-401(began)-400(on)-400(her)-400(wedding-day.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(That)-359(there)-360(was)-359(a)-360(high)-359(ideal)-360(of)-359(pure)-360(and)-359(happy)-360(marriage,)-386(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-399(the)-398(times)-399(of)-399(the)-398(greatest)-399(licence,)-436(we)-398(know)-399(from)-399(Pliny)-398(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch,)-396(and)-367(from)-367(Martial)-367(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.946 3.958 Td [(519)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.005 -3.958 Td [(But)-367(there)-367(were)-367(serious)]TJ -178.951 -13.55 Td [(perils)-353(before)-353(the)-353(child-bride,)-379(when)-353(she)-353(was)-353(launched)-352(upon)-353(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-498(world)-498(of)-498(Roman)-498(society.)-994(A)-498(marriage)-498(of)-498(convenience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-297(some)-297(member)-296(of)-297(a)-297(tainted)-297(race,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 165.481 0 Td [(blas\351)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.267 0 Td [(with)-297(precocious)-297(and)]TJ -191.748 -13.549 Td [(unnatural)-288(indulgence,)-298(and)-287(ready)-288(to)-288(concede)-288(the)-288(conjugal)-288(liberty)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([85])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(which)-341(he)-340(claimed,)-363(was)-341(a)-341(perilous)-340(trial)-341(to)-340(virtue.)-522(The)-341(bonds)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(old)-259(Roman)-258(marriage)-259(had,)-261(for)-258(ages,)-261(been)-259(greatly)-258(relaxed,)-261(and)-258(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-247(lady)-247(of)-247(independent)-247(fortune)-248(and)-247(vigorous,)-247(highly)-247(trained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intellect,)-271(could)-267(easily)-266(find)-267(consolation)-267(for)-267(marital)-266(neglect.)-300(From)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-222(to)-223(S.)-222(Jerome,)-228(the)-223(foppish)-222(procurator)-223(of)-222(the)-223(great)-222(lady)-222(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-399(dangerous)-398(and)-399(suspected)-398(person,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.051 3.958 Td [(520)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.207 -3.958 Td [(and)-399(not)-398(always)-399(without)]TJ -174.258 -13.55 Td [(good)-424(cause.)-773(Surrounded)-424(by)-424(an)-424(army)-425(of)-424(slaves)-424(and)-424(the)-424(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obsequious)-335(dependents)-335(of)-335(a)-335(great)-335(house,)-356(treated)-335(with)-335(profound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deference,)-408(and)-377(saluted)-377(with)-377(the)-376(pompous)-377(titles)-377(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 228.04 0 Td [(domina)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.837 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -264.877 -13.549 Td [(regina)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.484 0 Td [(,)-355(the)-335(great)-334(lady)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.824 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-334(lightest)-335(caprice)-334(became)-334(law.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.252 3.959 Td [(521)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.943 -3.959 Td [(Costly)]TJ -252.136 -13.549 Td [(jewels)-374(and)-375(the)-374(rarest)-374(luxuries)-375(of)-374(the)-374(toilet)-375(poured)-374(in)-374(upon)-374(her)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-406(regions)-406(which)-406(were)-407(only)-406(visited)-406(by)-406(the)-406(captains)-406(of)-406(Red)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sea)-328(merchantmen,)-348(or)-329(by)-328(some)-328(Pythagorean)-329(ascetic)-328(seeking)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fountains)-250(of)-250(the)-250(wisdom)-250(of)-250(the)-250(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.865 3.959 Td [(522)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -145.91 -18.484 Td [(The)-252(political)-252(life)-252(of)-252(Rome)-252(had)-252(been)-252(extinguished)-252(by)-253(a)-252(jealous)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(despotism,)-213(but)-205(social)-204(life)-204(in)-204(the)-204(higher)-205(ranks)-204(was)-204(never)-204(so)-204(intense)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-341(so)-340(seductive,)-363(and)-341(women)-341(had)-340(their)-341(full)-340(share)-341(in)-341(it.)-521(Ladies)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 182.027 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 175.131 Td [(519)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iv.)-250(13)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 42.339 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -45.328 -19.347 Td [(Diligat)-250(illa)-250(senem)-250(quondam:)-250(sed)-250(et)-250(ipsa)-250(marito,)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Tunc)-250(quoque)-250(cum)-250(fuerit,)-250(non)-250(videatur)-250(anus.)]TJ -8.967 -19.346 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Conj.)-250(Praec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.818 0 Td [(xliv.)-250(xxxiv.;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.773 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iv.)-250(19;)-250(vi.)-250(4;)-250(vii.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -145.724 -7.395 Td [(520)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.319 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.579 0 Td [(xiii.)-293(de)-265(Matrimonio,)-268(formosus)-264(assecla)-264(et)-265(procurator)-264(calamistratus,)]TJ -43.854 -10.959 Td [(etc.,)-276(sub)-270(quibus)-271(nominibus)-270(adulteri)-271(delitescunt;)-280(cf.)-312(S.)-270(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 224.186 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.628 0 Td [(54,)-276(\247)-270(13.)-312(S.)]TJ -238.814 -10.958 Td [(Jerome)-250(is)-250(evidently)-250(imitating)-250(Seneca;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 148.179 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(639,)-250(Mart.)-250(v.)-250(61.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -162.375 -7.395 Td [(521)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(460;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.513 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(51.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -89.669 -7.394 Td [(522)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iii.)-250(35,)-250(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.837 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.416 0 Td [(44.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 604 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 605 0 R /Resources 603 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 595 0 R >> endobj 606 0 obj << /D [604 0 R /XYZ 93.543 423.331 null] >> endobj 603 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 609 0 obj << /Length 5750 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(107)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(dined)-347(out)-347(regularly)-346(with)-347(their)-347(husbands,)-371(even)-347(at)-347(the)-346(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(table,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.935 3.959 Td [(523)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.623 -3.959 Td [(and)-282(they)-283(were)-282(liable)-283(to)-282(be)-283(assailed)-282(by)-282(the)-283(artistic)-282(wiles)]TJ -39.558 -13.549 Td [(of)-503(which)-502(Ovid)-503(taught)-503(the)-503(secret,)-566(or)-502(by)-503(the)-503(brutal)-502(advances)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-417(the)-417(lawless)-417(Caligula.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 107.877 3.958 Td [(524)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.643 -3.958 Td [(It)-417(was)-417(a)-417(time)-417(when)-417(people)-416(loved)]TJ -128.52 -13.55 Td [(to)-394(meet)-393(anywhere,)-429(under)-394(the)-393(trees)-394(of)-393(the)-394(Campus)-393(Martius,)-429(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-369(colonnades)-369(of)-369(the)-370(theatre,)-399(or)-369(round)-369(the)-369(seats)-369(of)-369(the)-369(public)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(squares.)-268(Everywhere)-256(were)-256(to)-256(be)-256(seen)-256(those)-256(groups)-256(which)-255(spared)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-177(reputation,)-191(not)-177(even)-177(the)-176(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.89 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s.)-226(And)-176(behind)-177(the)-177(chair)-176(of)-177(the)]TJ -155.523 -13.549 Td [(young)-247(matron)-248(often)-247(hovered)-247(the)-247(dangerous)-247(exquisite,)-248(who)-247(could)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(hum)-414(in)-414(a)-415(whisper)-414(the)-414(latest)-414(suggestive)-414(song)-414(from)-414(Alexandria)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-452(Gades,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.008 3.959 Td [(525)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.936 -3.959 Td [(who)-452(knew)-452(the)-452(pedigree)-452(of)-452(every)-452(racehorse)-452(and)]TJ -61.944 -13.549 Td [(the)-413(secret)-413(of)-413(every)-413(intrigue.)-739(It)-413(is)-413(at)-413(such)-413(scenes)-413(that)-412(Tacitus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-478(probably)-479(glancing)-478(when)-478(he)-479(says)-478(that)-478(in)-479(Germany)-478(no)-478(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(makes)-371(a)-371(jest)-370(of)-371(vice,)-401(or)-371(calls)-371(the)-370(art)-371(of)-371(corruption)-371(the)-370(fashion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-323(the)-322(world;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.941 3.959 Td [(526)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.368 -3.959 Td [(chastity)-323(is)-322(not)-323(sapped)-322(by)-323(the)-323(seductions)-322(of)-323(the)]TJ -74.309 -13.549 Td [(spectacles.)-527(Augustus)-343(had,)-366(indeed,)-365(set)-343(apart)-342(the)-343(upper)-342(seats)-342(for)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([86])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(women)-362(in)-361(the)-362(theatre)-361(and)-362(amphitheatre,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.776 3.959 Td [(527)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.702 -3.959 Td [(but)-362(on)-361(the)-362(benches)]TJ -195.478 -13.549 Td [(of)-358(the)-357(circus)-358(the)-357(sexes)-358(freely)-357(mingled.)-573(It)-357(was)-358(there,)-384(while)-357(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(factions)-374(of)-375(the)-374(red)-374(and)-374(blue)-375(were)-374(shouting)-374(themselves)-374(hoarse,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Ovid)-275(pointed)-275(out)-276(to)-275(his)-275(pupil)-275(in)-275(gallantry,)-282(that)-275(he)-275(had)-275(his)-275(fairest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chance)-298(of)-299(making)-298(a)-298(dangerous)-299(impression.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.659 3.959 Td [(528)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.763 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-298(even)-299(Ovid)-298(is)]TJ -205.422 -13.549 Td [(half)-228(inclined)-227(to)-228(be)-227(shocked)-228(at)-227(the)-228(scenes)-227(on)-228(the)-227(stage)-228(which)-227(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(witnessed)-379(by)-379(women)-379(and)-379(young)-379(boys.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 173.083 3.959 Td [(529)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.402 -3.959 Td [(The)-379(foulest)-379(tales)-379(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 210.432 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 203.536 Td [(523)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.824 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.131 0 Td [(i.)-239(81,)-223(erat)-217(Othoni)-217(celebre)-216(convivium)-217(primoribus)-216(feminis)-217(virisque.)]TJ -48.911 -10.959 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lx.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.394 Td [(524)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(xxxvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.546 -7.394 Td [(525)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Ars)-250(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.131 0 Td [(i.)-250(67,)-250(Friedl.)-250(i.)-250(281.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.277 -7.395 Td [(526)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Germ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.9 0 Td [(19,)-250(nec)-250(corrumpere)-250(et)-250(corrumpi)-250(saeculum)-250(vocatur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.529 -7.394 Td [(527)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(xliv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.026 -7.394 Td [(528)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Ars)-250(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.131 0 Td [(i.)-250(139)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -69.985 -15.77 Td [(Proximus)-250(a)-250(domina,)-250(nullo)-250(prohibente,)-250(sedeto.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -8.717 -12.204 Td [(529)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Trist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.429 0 Td [(ii.)-250(503)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -47.336 -15.77 Td [(Nec)-250(satis)-250(incestis)-250(temerari)-250(vocibus)-250(aures:)]TJ 8.966 -10.959 Td [(Adsuescunt)-250(oculi)-250(multa)-250(pudenda)-250(pati.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 608 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 609 0 R /Resources 607 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 595 0 R >> endobj 610 0 obj << /D [608 0 R /XYZ 99.478 314.937 null] >> endobj 607 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 613 0 obj << /Length 5487 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(108)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-332(old)-332(mythology,)-352(the)-332(loves)-332(of)-332(Pasiphae)-332(or)-332(the)-332(loves)-332(of)-331(Leda,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-337(enacted)-337(to)-337(the)-338(life,)-359(or)-337(told)-337(with)-337(a)-337(nakedness)-337(of)-337(language,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compared)-345(with)-345(which)-344(even)-345(Martial)-345(might)-345(seem)-345(chaste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.984 3.959 Td [(530)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.283 -3.959 Td [(Not)]TJ -264.267 -13.549 Td [(less)-268(degrading)-267(were)-268(the)-267(gladiatorial)-268(shows,)-271(so)-268(lavishly)-267(provided)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-337(Augustus)-337(and)-338(Trajan,)-358(as)-338(well)-337(as)-337(by)-337(Caligula)-337(and)-337(Domitian,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-266(which)-266(the)-266(Vestals)-267(had)-266(a)-266(place)-266(of)-266(honour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.546 3.959 Td [(531)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.709 -3.959 Td [(It)-266(is)-266(little)-266(wonder)]TJ -205.255 -13.549 Td [(that)-371(women)-371(accustomed)-372(to)-371(take)-371(pleasure)-371(in)-371(the)-371(sufferings)-371(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death)-467(of)-467(brave)-467(men,)-521(should)-467(be)-467(capable)-467(of)-467(condemning)-467(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poor)-343(slave)-342(women)-343(to)-343(torture)-343(or)-342(the)-343(lash)-343(for)-342(a)-343(sullen)-343(look,)-366(or)-342(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(half-heard)-251(murmur.)-252(The)-251(grossness)-251(with)-251(which)-251(Juvenal)-250(describes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-357(effect)-357(of)-357(the)-358(stage)-357(on)-357(the)-357(morals)-357(of)-357(women)-357(savours)-357(of)-357(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Suburra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.266 3.959 Td [(532)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.99 -3.959 Td [(But)-198(of)-198(the)-197(poisonous)-198(character)-198(of)-198(these)-197(performances)]TJ -52.256 -13.549 Td [(there)-391(can)-390(be)-391(no)-391(doubt.)-672(And)-390(actors,)-426(musicians,)-426(and)-390(gladiators)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(became)-353(a)-352(danger)-353(to)-353(the)-353(peace)-352(of)-353(households,)-379(as)-352(well)-353(as)-353(to)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(peace)-290(of)-290(the)-290(streets.)-370(The)-290(artistes)-290(of)-290(the)-290(pantomime)-290(were)-290(sternly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suppressed)-219(both)-219(by)-218(Tiberius)-219(and)-219(Domitian,)-225(and)-219(not)-219(without)-218(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cause.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.957 3.959 Td [(533)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.281 -3.959 Td [(One)-253(famous)-253(dancer)-253(had)-253(the)-253(fatal)-253(honour)-254(of)-253(captivating)]TJ -42.238 -13.549 Td [(Messalina.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.964 3.959 Td [(534)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.559 -3.959 Td [(The)-384(empress)-384(of)-383(Domitian)-384(was)-384(divorced)-384(for)-384(her)]TJ -66.523 -13.549 Td [(love)-183(of)-184(Paris.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.418 3.959 Td [(535)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.938 -3.959 Td [(And)-183(the)-184(scandals)-183(which)-183(darkened)-184(the)-183(fame)-183(of)-183(the)]TJ -71.356 -13.549 Td [(younger)-270(Faustina,)-275(and)-269(impeached)-270(the)-270(legitimacy)-270(of)-269(Commodus,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(even)-379(if)-379(they)-380(were)-379(false,)-411(must)-379(have)-380(rested)-379(on)-379(a)-379(certain)-379(ground)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-462(probability.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.738 3.959 Td [(536)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.127 -3.959 Td [(It)-462(is)-463(melancholy)-462(to)-462(hear)-462(that)-463(M.)-462(Aurelius)]TJ -86.865 -13.549 Td [(had)-351(to)-351(restrain)-350(the)-351(excesses)-351(of)-350(Roman)-351(matrons)-351(even)-351(under)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reign)-329(of)-329(the)-329(philosophers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.084 3.959 Td [(537)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.763 -3.959 Td [(To)-329(all)-329(these)-329(perils)-329(must)-329(be)-328(added)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 195.228 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 93.543 186.279 Td [(Cf.)-250(515.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.395 Td [(530)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iii.)-250(86)-250(says)-250(of)-250(his)-250(poems)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 108.591 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -111.58 -20.734 Td [(Non)-250(sunt)-250(haec)-250(mimis)-250(improbiora:)-250(lege.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -8.718 -17.17 Td [(531)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(xliv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.027 -7.394 Td [(532)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.395 Td [(533)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(vii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(xxxiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.934 -7.394 Td [(534)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lx.)-250(22,)-250(28.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(535)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(iii.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxvii.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.046 -7.395 Td [(536)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.889 0 Td [(M.)-250(Anton.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(xix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -80.452 -7.394 Td [(537)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxiii.)-250(mores)-250(matronarum)-250(conposuit)-250(diffluentes,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 612 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 613 0 R /Resources 611 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 595 0 R >> endobj 611 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 616 0 obj << /Length 5262 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(109)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-459(allurements)-459(of)-459(household)-458(slavery.)-877(While)-459(a)-459(Musonius)-458(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-448(Seneca)-449(was)-448(demanding)-448(equal)-448(chastity)-449(in)-448(man)-448(and)-448(woman,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([87])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-464(new)-463(woman)-464(of)-463(Juvenal)-464(boldly)-464(claims)-463(a)-464(vicious)-463(freedom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(equal)-278(to)-278(her)-278(husband)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.502 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 6.971 3.958 Td [(538)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.094 -3.958 Td [(The)-278(testimony)-278(of)-278(Petronius)-278(is)-277(tainted)]TJ -118.2 -13.55 Td [(by)-294(a)-295(suspicion)-294(of)-294(prurient)-294(imagination.)-383(But)-295(the)-294(student)-294(of)-294(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sources)-196(can)-195(hardly)-195(doubt)-196(that,)-206(in)-196(the)-195(first)-196(century,)-206(as)-196(in)-195(the)-195(fourth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(Roman)-251(lady)-250(of)-251(rank)-251(sometimes)-250(degraded)-251(herself)-251(by)-251(a)-250(servile)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(liaison)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.706 0 Td [(.)-691(A)-397(decree)-397(of)-397(Vespasian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.523 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-397(reign,)-434(which)-397(his)-397(biographer)]TJ -146.862 -13.549 Td [(tells)-235(us)-236(was)-235(called)-235(for)-236(by)-235(the)-235(general)-236(licence,)-238(punished)-235(the)-235(erring)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(matron)-250(with)-250(the)-250(loss)-250(of)-250(her)-250(rank.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.102 3.959 Td [(539)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -130.146 -18.853 Td [(These)-328(illustrations)-329(from)-328(other)-328(authorities)-329(may)-328(serve)-328(towards)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(a)-336(judicial)-337(estimate)-336(of)-337(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.025 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-336(famous)-337(satire)-336(on)-337(women.)-509(That)]TJ -134.658 -13.549 Td [(it)-343(is)-343(not)-343(a)-343(prurient)-343(invention)-343(is)-343(proved)-343(by)-343(the)-343(pages)-343(of)-342(Tacitus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-334(Suetonius)-334(and)-334(the)-334(records)-334(of)-334(Roman)-334(morals)-334(for)-334(more)-333(than)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(two)-391(centuries.)-672(On)-391(the)-391(other)-391(hand,)-426(it)-391(must)-391(be)-391(read)-391(with)-390(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reservations.)-419(Juvenal)-306(is)-307(a)-306(rhetorician)-306(with)-307(a)-306(fiery)-306(temperament,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-412(will)-412(colour)-412(and)-411(exaggerate,)-453(if)-412(he)-411(will)-412(not)-412(invent.)-736(He)-411(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intensely)-240(prejudiced)-240(and)-240(conventional,)-242(a)-240(man)-240(to)-240(whom)-240(desertion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-260(ancient)-261(usage)-260(is)-260(almost)-261(as)-260(bad)-260(as)-261(a)-260(breach)-260(of)-261(the)-260(moral)-261(law,)-262(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(man)-243(incapable)-243(of)-243(seeing)-243(that)-243(the)-243(evils)-243(of)-243(a)-243(new)-243(social)-243(movement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-409(be)-409(more)-409(than)-408(compensated)-409(by)-409(the)-409(good)-409(which)-409(it)-408(brings.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Moreover,)-566(the)-503(graver)-503(vices)-503(which)-503(he)-503(depicts)-503(with)-503(so)-503(much)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(realistic)-289(power)-289(were)-289(certainly)-289(not)-289(so)-289(general)-289(as)-289(he)-289(implies.)-367(It)-289(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-254(be)-254(suspected)-254(that)-253(single)-254(instances)-254(of)-254(abnormal)-254(depravity)-253(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(swelled)-377(in)-377(his)-377(heated)-377(imagination)-377(till)-377(they)-377(have)-377(become)-377(types)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-350(whole)-351(classes)-350(of)-350(sinners.)-552(At)-350(the)-350(worst,)-376(these)-350(vices)-350(infected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-336(a)-337(comparatively)-336(small)-336(class,)-358(idle,)-358(luxurious,)-358(enervated)-336(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(slave)-364(system,)-393(depraved)-365(by)-364(the)-365(example)-364(of)-365(a)-364(vicious)-364(court.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-272(very)-272(scorn)-273(and)-272(indignation)-272(with)-272(which)-272(Juvenal)-272(pillories)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(aristocratic)-307(debauchee)-307(reveal)-307(the)-307(existence)-307(of)-307(a)-307(higher)-306(standard)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-208(virtue.)-235(Both)-208(the)-208(literature)-207(and)-208(the)-207(inscriptions)-208(of)-207(that)-208(age)-207(make)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.009 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 92.113 Td [(538)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(281.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(539)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.352 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.557 0 Td [(xi.)-799(auctor)-434(senatui)-433(fuit)-433(decernendi)-433(ut)-433(quae)-434(se)-433(alieno)-433(servo)]TJ -60.865 -10.959 Td [(junxisset)-250(ancilla)-250(haberetur;)-250(cf.)-250(Mart.)-250(vi.)-250(39;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 157.387 0 Td [(C.)-250(Th.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(iv.)-250(9,)-250(1.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 615 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 616 0 R /Resources 614 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 618 0 R >> endobj 617 0 obj << /D [615 0 R /XYZ 92.29 504.626 null] >> endobj 614 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 621 0 obj << /Length 5338 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(110)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(us)-242(acquainted)-242(with)-242(a)-242(very)-242(different)-241(kind)-242(of)-242(woman.)-248(Over)-241(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-339(Hippia)-339(or)-339(Saufeia)-339(or)-339(Messalina)-339(of)-339(Juvenal)-339(we)-339(must)-339(set)-338(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pure)-253(and)-253(cultivated)-253(women)-253(whom)-253(we)-253(meet)-253(in)-253(the)-253(pages)-253(of)-253(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-362(Tacitus,)-389(or)-362(the)-362(poor)-362(soldier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 136.075 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-362(concubine)-361(in)-362(the)-362(Inscriptions,)]TJ -139.708 -13.55 Td [(who)-193(has)-192(all)-193(the)-192(self-denying)-193(love)-193(and)-192(virtue)-193(of)-192(our)-193(own)-192(cottagers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 276.997 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -276.997 -13.549 Td [(wives.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.178 3.959 Td [(540)]TJ -100.933 -3.959 Td [([88])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -15.121 Td [(Just)-614(as)-614(Juvenal)-614(misunderstood)-614(the)-614(movement)-614(of)-613(female)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(emancipation,)-371(which)-346(was)-347(to)-347(culminate)-346(in)-347(the)-346(legislation)-347(of)-346(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Antonine)-353(age,)-378(so)-353(has)-353(he)-353(misconceived)-353(some)-353(other)-353(great)-352(social)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(movements)-350(of)-350(his)-350(time.)-551(Two)-350(in)-350(particular,)-375(the)-350(invasion)-350(of)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-329(Hellenism)-329(and)-329(the)-328(rise)-329(of)-329(the)-329(Freedmen,)-349(he)-328(anathematises)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(the)-250(scorn)-250(and)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(prejudice)-250(of)-250(the)-250(elder)-250(Cato.)]TJ 11.956 -15.121 Td [(There)-369(was)-368(nothing)-369(new)-369(in)-368(the)-369(invasion)-369(of)-368(Hellenism)-369(in)-368(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(time)-435(of)-435(Juvenal.)-806(Nearly)-435(three)-435(hundred)-435(years)-435(before)-435(his)-435(day,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-371(narrow)-371(conservatism)-372(of)-371(ancient)-371(Rome)-371(was)-371(assailed)-371(by)-371(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cosmopolitan)-382(culture)-382(of)-382(Hellas,)-415(which)-382(it)-382(alternately)-382(hated)-382(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(admired.)-404(The)-301(knowledge)-301(of)-301(Greek)-302(was)-301(widely)-301(diffused)-301(in)-301(Italy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-295(the)-295(time)-295(of)-295(the)-295(Hannibalic)-295(war.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.89 3.959 Td [(541)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.653 -3.959 Td [(Almost)-295(the)-295(last)-295(Roman)-295(of)]TJ -166.543 -13.549 Td [(the)-276(ancient)-275(breed)-276(stooped)-275(in)-276(his)-276(old)-275(age)-276(to)-275(learn)-276(Greek,)-282(in)-275(order)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-365(train)-366(his)-365(son)-365(in)-365(the)-366(culture)-365(of)-365(the)-366(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.94 3.959 Td [(542)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.953 -3.959 Td [(But)-365(there)-366(were)]TJ -213.893 -13.549 Td [(two)-398(different)-398(aspects)-398(of)-398(Hellenism.)-694(There)-398(was)-398(the)-397(Hellenism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(represented)-283(by)-283(Homer)-283(and)-283(Plato)-282(and)-283(Chrysippus;)-300(and)-283(there)-282(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-288(Hellenism)-287(of)-288(the)-287(low)-288(comic)-287(stage,)-297(of)-288(the)-287(pimp)-288(and)-287(parasite.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-446(there)-445(were)-446(reactions)-446(against)-445(the)-446(lower)-446(Greek)-445(influences)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(long)-274(before)-273(the)-274(days)-273(of)-274(Juvenal.)-321(Cicero,)-279(who)-274(did)-273(more)-274(than)-273(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-364(of)-365(his)-364(race)-364(to)-365(translate)-364(Greek)-364(thought)-365(into)-364(Roman)-364(idiom,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-392(expressed)-393(as)-392(bitter)-393(a)-392(contempt)-393(as)-392(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.292 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-392(for)-393(the)-392(fickle,)]TJ -209.925 -13.549 Td [(supple,)-423(histrionic)-389(Greek)-388(adventurer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.542 3.959 Td [(543)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.713 -3.959 Td [(Juvenal)-388(is)-389(not)-388(waging)]TJ -181.255 -13.549 Td [(war)-466(with)-466(that)-466(nobler)-466(Hellenism)-466(which)-466(had)-466(furnished)-465(models)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-421(inspiration)-422(to)-421(the)-421(great)-422(writers)-421(of)-422(the)-421(Augustan)-421(age,)-464(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.457 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.561 Td [(540)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(2669,)-250(4653,)-250(7383.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.06 -7.394 Td [(541)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(R.)-250(H.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(414)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.002 -7.395 Td [(542)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(469;)-250(cf.)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.571 0 Td [(Cato)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.439 0 Td [(,)-250(xxiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -89.669 -7.394 Td [(543)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mahaffy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.354 0 Td [(Greek)-250(World)-250(under)-250(Roman)-250(Sway)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 118.535 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(127.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 620 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 621 0 R /Resources 619 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 618 0 R >> endobj 622 0 obj << /D [620 0 R /XYZ 93.543 450.287 null] >> endobj 619 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 625 0 obj << /Length 5720 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(111)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-260(was)-260(destined)-260(to)-260(refashion)-260(Italian)-260(culture)-260(in)-260(the)-260(generation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(following)-389(his)-388(death.)-667(The)-388(emperors,)-424(from)-388(Julius)-389(Caesar)-389(to)-388(M.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aurelius,)-322(were,)-323(with)-307(few)-308(exceptions,)-322(trained)-308(in)-308(the)-308(literature)-307(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greece,)-251(and)-251(some)-251(of)-251(them)-250(gave)-251(a)-251(great)-251(impetus)-251(to)-251(Greek)-250(culture)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-258(the)-258(West.)-273(Augustus)-258(delighted)-257(in)-258(the)-258(Old)-258(Comedy,)-259(entertained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-232(philosophers)-231(in)-232(his)-232(house,)-235(and)-232(sprinkled)-231(his)-232(private)-231(letters)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-285(Tiberius)-286(with)-285(Greek)-286(quotations.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.534 3.959 Td [(544)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.339 -3.959 Td [(Tiberius,)-294(although)-286(he)-285(had)]TJ -167.873 -13.549 Td [(lived)-329(at)-330(Rhodes)-329(in)-329(his)-329(youth,)-349(seems)-330(to)-329(show)-329(less)-329(sympathy)-329(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-288(genius)-287(of)-288(Greece.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.922 3.958 Td [(545)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.407 -3.958 Td [(Caligula)-288(also)-287(can)-287(hardly)-288(be)-287(claimed)-288(as)]TJ -110.329 -13.55 Td [(a)-272(Hellenist.)-316(Although)-271(he)-272(had)-272(once)-272(a)-272(wild)-272(dream)-272(of)-272(restoring)-271(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(palace)-270(of)-269(Polycrates,)-275(and)-270(one,)-274(more)-270(sane,)-275(of)-269(a)-270(canal)-270(through)-269(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Corinthian)-328(Isthmus,)-348(he)-329(also)-328(thought)-328(of)-329(wiping)-328(out)-328(the)-328(memory)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([89])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-387(the)-387(poems)-387(of)-388(Homer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.904 3.959 Td [(546)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.669 -3.959 Td [(Dr.)-661(Mahaffy)-388(is)-387(probably)-387(right)-387(in)]TJ -129.573 -13.549 Td [(treating)-350(Claudius)-351(as)-350(the)-350(first)-350(really)-351(Hellenist)-350(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.171 3.958 Td [(547)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.463 -3.958 Td [(Like)]TJ -260.634 -13.55 Td [(our)-392(own)-391(James)-392(I.,)-427(Claudius)-391(was)-392(a)-392(learned)-391(and)-392(very)-391(ludicrous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(person.)-481(Yet)-328(he)-327(was)-327(perhaps)-327(not)-327(so)-327(contemptible)-327(a)-327(character)-327(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-390(is)-391(painted)-390(by)-390(Suetonius.)-671(He)-390(had,)-425(at)-390(any)-391(rate,)-425(the)-390(merit)-390(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-364(a)-365(lover)-364(of)-365(Greek)-364(literature,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.227 3.959 Td [(548)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.741 -3.959 Td [(and)-364(he)-365(heaped)-364(honour)-365(on)]TJ -165.968 -13.549 Td [(the)-417(country)-417(which)-417(gave)-417(it)-417(birth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.057 3.959 Td [(549)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.643 -3.959 Td [(He)-417(used)-417(to)-417(quote)-417(Homer)]TJ -166.7 -13.549 Td [(in)-315(his)-314(speeches)-315(in)-315(the)-314(Senate,)-331(and)-315(he)-314(composed)-315(histories)-315(in)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Greek)-388(language,)-422(which,)-422(by)-388(an)-387(imperial)-388(ordinance,)-422(were)-388(to)-387(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(read)-344(aloud)-344(regularly)-343(in)-344(the)-344(Museum)-344(of)-344(Alexandria.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 228.934 3.959 Td [(550)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.251 -3.959 Td [(In)-344(spite)]TJ -247.185 -13.549 Td [(of)-413(the)-412(vices)-413(and)-413(pompous)-412(follies)-413(of)-413(Nero,)-453(his)-412(phil-Hellenism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-276(to)-276(have)-276(been)-276(a)-276(genuine)-276(and)-276(creditable)-276(impulse.)-328(His)-275(visits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-356(the)-357(Greek)-356(festivals,)-383(and)-357(his)-356(share)-357(in)-356(the)-356(competitions,)-383(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-256(all)-256(mere)-256(vanity.)-268(He)-256(had)-256(a)-256(futile)-256(passion)-256(for)-256(fame)-256(as)-256(an)-256(artist,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-306(he)-307(sought)-306(the)-306(applause)-306(of)-307(the)-306(race)-306(which)-307(had)-306(a)-306(real)-306(artistic)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 155.026 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 148.13 Td [(544)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(89;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.701 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -88.171 -7.395 Td [(545)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.818 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.067 0 Td [(71,)-337(sermone)-319(Graeco,)-337(quanquam)-319(alioquin)-320(promptus)-319(et)-319(facilis,)-337(non)]TJ -42.84 -10.958 Td [(tamen)-250(usquequaque)-250(usus)-250(est.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.395 Td [(546)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(xxi.)-250(xxxiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.547 -7.394 Td [(547)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mahaffy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.354 0 Td [(The)-250(Greek)-250(World)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.254 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(255.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -109.314 -7.394 Td [(548)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(xlii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.537 -7.395 Td [(549)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.394 Td [(550)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xlii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 624 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 625 0 R /Resources 623 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 618 0 R >> endobj 626 0 obj << /D [624 0 R /XYZ 173.13 369.134 null] >> endobj 623 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 629 0 obj << /Length 5552 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(112)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(tradition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.698 3.959 Td [(551)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.971 -3.959 Td [(When)-192(we)-193(reach)-192(the)-193(plebei)1(an)-193(Flavian)-192(race,)-204(Hellenism)]TJ -54.669 -13.549 Td [(is)-313(still)-314(favoured.)-440(The)-314(bluff)-313(soldier,)-329(Vespasian,)-330(had)-313(an)-313(adequate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(command)-467(of)-467(the)-467(Greek)-468(language,)-521(and)-467(was)-467(the)-467(first)-467(emperor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-450(gave)-451(liberal)-450(endowments)-451(to)-450(Greek)-450(rhetoric.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 223.673 3.958 Td [(552)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.738 -3.958 Td [(His)-450(son)]TJ -245.411 -13.55 Td [(Domitian,)-243(that)-241(puzzling)-240(enigma,)-243(the)-241(libertine)-241(who)-241(tried)-241(to)-240(revive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-261(morality)-260(of)-261(the)-261(age)-260(of)-261(Cato,)-263(the)-261(man)-260(who)-261(was)-261(said,)-263(but)-260(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(improbably,)-352(to)-332(confine)-331(his)-332(reading)-331(to)-332(the)-331(memoirs)-332(of)-331(Tiberius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(founded)-214(a)-214(quinquennial)-214(festival,)-222(with)-214(competitions,)-221(on)-214(the)-214(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(model,)-475(in)-430(music,)-474(gymnastic,)-475(and)-430(horsemanship.)-790(By)-429(drawing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-359(the)-359(inexhaustible)-359(stores)-359(of)-359(Alexandria,)-386(he)-359(also)-359(repaired)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(havoc)-228(which)-228(had)-229(been)-228(wrought)-228(in)-228(the)-228(Roman)-229(libraries)-228(by)-228(fire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(553)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Already)-210(in)-211(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 81.543 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-210(life)-211(the)-210(brilliant)-211(sophistic)-210(movement)-210(had)-211(set)]TJ -85.176 -13.549 Td [(in)-323(which)-323(was)-323(destined)-323(to)-323(carry)-323(the)-323(literary)-323(charm)-323(of)-322(Hellenism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throughout)-350(the)-350(West.)-550(From)-350(the)-350(close)-350(of)-350(the)-350(first)-350(century)-350(there)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(appeared)-467(in)-466(its)-467(full)-466(bloom)-466(that)-467(ingenious)-466(technique)-467(of)-466(style,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-406(power)-407(of)-406(conquering)-406(all)-406(the)-406(difficulties)-407(of)-406(a)-406(worn-out)-406(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trifling)-235(subject,)-238(that)-235(delicate)-234(command)-235(of)-235(all)-235(varieties)-235(of)-234(rhythm,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-266(carried)-266(the)-266(travelling)-266(sophist)-266(through)-266(a)-266(series)-266(of)-266(triumphs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wherever)-259(he)-260(wandered.)-277(Classical)-259(Latin)-260(literature)-259(about)-259(the)-259(same)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(time)-256(came)-257(to)-256(a)-256(mysterious)-257(end.)-269(The)-256(only)-256(authors)-257(of)-256(any)-256(merit)-256(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([90])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(the)-220(second)-221(century)-220(wrote)-220(in)-220(both)-221(languages)-220(indifferently.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.772 3.959 Td [(554)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.073 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(great)-272(Emperor,)-278(who)-272(closes)-272(our)-272(period,)-277(preferred)-272(to)-272(leave)-272(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inner)-250(thoughts)-250(to)-250(posterity)-250(in)-250(Greek.)]TJ 11.955 -18.02 Td [(Juvenal,)-588(however,)-588(was)-521(not)-520(thinking)-520(of)-521(this)-520(great)-521(literary)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(movement.)-935(Like)-478(so)-478(many)-478(of)-479(his)-478(literary)-478(predecessors,)-535(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-394(been)-394(formed)-394(by)-393(the)-394(loftier)-394(genius)-394(of)-394(the)-394(Greek)-394(past,)-429(like)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Plautus)-177(and)-177(Cicero,)-192(he)-177(vented)-177(his)-177(rage)-177(on)-177(a)-177(degenerate)-177(Hellenism.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-390(shafts)-389(were)-390(levelled)-390(at)-390(the)-389(suttlers)-390(and)-390(camp-followers)-389(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.375 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.479 Td [(551)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-250(lv.)-250(erat)-250(illi)-250(aeternitatis)-250(perpetuaeque)-250(famae)-250(cupido.)-250(Cf.)-250(xxiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.591 -7.395 Td [(552)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xviii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.573 -7.394 Td [(553)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xx.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.573 -7.394 Td [(554)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(And)-317(many)-316(in)-317(the)-317(first)-317(century,)-333(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 134.794 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.044 0 Td [(iv.)-450(3;)-350(viii.)-451(4,)-333(1;)-350(Friedl.)-450(iii.)-451(360;)]TJ -161.794 -10.959 Td [(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.765 0 Td [(Les)-374(Moralistes)-373(sous)-374(l)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 79.298 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Empire)-374(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.775 0 Td [(p.)-621(267;)-435(Teuffel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.397 0 Td [(R.)-374(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.633 0 Td [(\247)-374(342;)]TJ -256.854 -10.959 Td [(Mackail,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.866 0 Td [(R.)-250(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(232.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 628 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 629 0 R /Resources 627 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 618 0 R >> endobj 630 0 obj << /D [628 0 R /XYZ 141.55 260.74 null] >> endobj 627 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 633 0 obj << /Length 5185 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(113)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-402(invading)-402(army)-402(from)-402(the)-402(East.)-706(The)-402(phenomena)-402(of)-402(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-299(history)-298(are)-299(constantly)-299(repeating)-298(themselves)-299(for)-298(centuries.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-378(one)-379(of)-378(the)-378(most)-379(curious)-378(examples)-378(of)-379(perpetuity)-378(of)-378(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sentiment)-417(is)-418(the)-417(hatred)-418(and)-417(scorn)-418(for)-417(the)-418(Greek)-417(or)-417(Levantine)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(character,)-226(from)-220(the)-220(days)-220(of)-220(Plautus)-220(and)-220(the)-220(elder)-220(Cato)-220(to)-220(the)-220(days)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-357(the)-357(poet)-356(Claudian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95 3.959 Td [(555)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.675 -3.959 Td [(For)-357(more)-356(than)-357(600)-357(years,)-383(the)-357(Roman)]TJ -113.675 -13.549 Td [(who)-240(had)-240(borrowed)-241(his)-240(best)-240(culture,)-242(his)-241(polish)-240(and)-240(ideas)-240(from)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek,)-390(was)-363(ready)-362(to)-362(sneer)-362(at)-363(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.254 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Greekling.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.353 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.796 0 Td [(The)-362(conquerors)]TJ -211.246 -13.549 Td [(of)-365(Macedon)-365(could)-366(never)-365(forgive)-365(their)-365(own)-365(conquest)-365(by)-365(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(knowledge)-287(and)-286(versatility,)-296(by)-286(which)-287(old)-286(Roman)-287(victories)-286(in)-286(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(field)-332(had)-333(been)-332(avenged.)-498(And,)-353(as)-332(the)-333(pride)-332(of)-333(the)-332(imperial)-332(race)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grew)-254(with)-254(the)-255(consciousness)-254(of)-254(great)-254(achievements,)-255(the)-254(political)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(degradation)-272(and)-271(economic)-272(decay)-271(of)-271(Greece)-272(and)-271(Greek-speaking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lands)-482(produced)-483(a)-482(type)-483(of)-482(character)-482(which)-483(combined)-482(the)-482(old)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cleverness)-251(and)-251(keenness)-251(of)-250(intellect)-251(with)-251(the)-251(moral)-251(defects)-251(of)-250(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impoverished)-312(and)-313(subject)-312(race.)-437(Something)-312(of)-312(Roman)-312(contempt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-545(the)-545(Greek)-545(must)-545(be)-545(set)-545(down)-545(to)-545(that)-545(national)-545(prejudice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-309(difference)-308(of)-308(temperament,)-324(which)-308(made)-309(our)-308(ancestors)-308(treat)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(great)-323(French)-324(nation,)-341(with)-324(all)-323(its)-324(brilliant)-323(gifts)-324(and)-323(immense)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(contributions)-194(to)-194(European)-194(culture,)-205(as)-194(a)-194(race)-194(of)-194(posturing)-194(dancing-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(masters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.055 3.959 Td [(556)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.559 -3.959 Td [(Such)-384(prejudices)-384(are)-383(generally)-384(more)-384(intense)-384(in)-384(the)]TJ -55.614 -13.549 Td [(lower)-455(than)-455(in)-455(the)-456(upper)-455(and)-455(the)-455(cultivated)-455(classes.)-865(Juvenal,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indeed,)-379(was)-354(a)-353(cultivated)-354(man,)-379(who)-353(knew)-354(Greek)-353(literature,)-379(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-204(been)-204(formed)-204(by)-204(Greek)-204(rhetors)-204(in)-205(the)-204(schools.)-234(But)-204(he)-204(was)-204(also)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-253(Roman)-253(plebeian,)-253(with)-253(that)-253(pride)-253(of)-253(race)-253(which)-253(is)-253(often)-253(as)-252(deep)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-188(the)-187(plebeian)-188(as)-187(in)-188(the)-187(aristocrat.)-229(He)-188(gives)-187(voice)-188(to)-187(the)-188(feeling)-187(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([91])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(his)-251(class)-250(when)-251(he)-250(indignantly)-250(laments)-251(that)-250(the)-251(true-born)-250(Roman,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whose)-265(infancy)-266(has)-265(drunk)-266(in)-265(the)-266(air)-265(of)-265(the)-266(Aventine,)-269(should)-265(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-201(yield)-201(place)-200(to)-201(the)-201(supple,)-211(fawning)-200(stranger,)-211(who)-201(has)-201(come)-200(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-349(same)-348(wind)-349(as)-349(the)-349(figs)-348(and)-349(prunes.)-546(The)-349(Orontes)-349(is)-348(pouring)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-250(pollutions)-250(into)-251(the)-250(Tiber.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 121.535 3.959 Td [(557)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.186 -3.959 Td [(Every)-250(trade)-250(and)-250(profession,)-251(from)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.254 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 92.358 Td [(555)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Cato)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.439 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(xxii.;)-250(Claud.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.779 0 Td [(In)-250(Eutrop.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(ii.)-250(137,)-250(339.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -146.963 -7.395 Td [(556)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(85.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(557)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(62)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 632 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 633 0 R /Resources 631 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 618 0 R >> endobj 634 0 obj << /D [632 0 R /XYZ 285.974 179.445 null] >> endobj 631 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 637 0 obj << /Length 5635 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(114)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-223(master)-223(of)-223(the)-222(highest)-223(studies)-223(down)-223(to)-223(the)-223(rope-dancer)-223(and)-222(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pander,)-367(is)-344(crowded)-343(with)-344(hungry,)-367(keen-witted)-344(adventurers)-343(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-423(East.)-770(Every)-424(island)-423(of)-424(the)-423(Aegean,)-467(every)-423(city)-423(of)-424(Asia,)-466(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flooding)-273(Rome)-274(with)-273(its)-273(vices)-273(and)-273(its)-274(venal)-273(arts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.174 3.958 Td [(558)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.941 -3.958 Td [(Quickness)-273(of)]TJ -223.115 -13.55 Td [(intellect)-275(and)-275(depravity)-276(of)-275(morals,)-281(the)-276(brazen)-275(front)-275(and)-275(the)-275(ready)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tongue)-429(are)-429(driving)-429(into)-429(the)-429(shade)-429(the)-429(simple,)-473(unsophisticated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honesty)-427(of)-427(the)-428(old)-427(Roman)-427(breed.)-782(At)-427(the)-427(morning)-427(receptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-398(the)-398(great)-398(patron,)-435(the)-398(poor)-398(Roman)-398(client,)-435(who)-398(has)-398(years)-397(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honest,)-246(quiet)-245(service)-245(to)-244(show,)-246(even)-245(the)-245(impoverished)-245(scion)-245(of)-244(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ancient)-275(consular)-275(line,)-281(are)-274(pushed)-275(aside)-275(by)-275(some)-275(sycophant)-274(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-398(Euphrates,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.024 3.959 Td [(559)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.197 -3.959 Td [(who)-398(can)-398(hardly)-398(conceal)-398(the)-397(brand)-398(of)-398(recent)]TJ -81.221 -13.549 Td [(servitude)-342(upon)-342(him.)-527(These)-342(men,)-366(by)-342(their)-342(smooth)-342(speech,)-365(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effrontery)-436(and)-436(ready)-436(wit,)-483(their)-436(infinite)-436(capacity)-436(for)-436(assuming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-461(mood)-461(and)-462(humouring)-461(every)-461(caprice)-461(of)-461(the)-461(patron,)-514(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(creeping)-407(into)-407(the)-407(recesses)-407(of)-407(great)-407(houses,)-446(worming)-407(out)-406(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(secrets,)-218(and)-209(mastering)-210(their)-209(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.595 3.959 Td [(560)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.034 -3.959 Td [(Rome)-210(is)-209(becoming)-210(a)-209(Greek)]TJ -163.629 -13.549 Td [(town,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.546 3.959 Td [(561)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.18 -3.959 Td [(in)-250(which)-250(there)-250(will)-250(soon)-250(be)-250(no)-250(place)-250(for)-250(Romans.)]TJ -27.77 -15.178 Td [(Much)-411(of)-410(this)-411(indictment,)-451(as)-410(we)-411(have)-410(said,)-451(is)-411(the)-410(offspring)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-377(prejudice)-377(and)-377(temperament.)-631(But)-377(there)-377(was)-377(a)-377(foundation)-376(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth)-381(under)-382(the)-381(declamation)-381(of)-381(Juvenal.)-644(The)-381(higher)-381(education)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-351(Roman)-350(youth)-351(had)-351(for)-350(generations)-351(been)-351(chiefly)-350(in)-351(the)-350(hands)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-384(men)-384(of)-384(Greek)-384(culture,)-417(from)-384(the)-384(days)-384(of)-384(Ennius)-384(and)-384(Crates)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-357(Mallus,)-383(before)-357(the)-357(third)-357(Punic)-356(War.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 173.916 3.959 Td [(562)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.675 -3.959 Td [(The)-357(tutor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.463 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-357(old)-357(title)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -237.686 -13.549 Td [(literatus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.604 0 Td [(had)-205(early)-204(given)-205(place)-205(to)-204(that)-205(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 134.384 0 Td [(grammaticus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 56.968 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(563)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.016 -3.959 Td [(And,)-214(of)]TJ -247.699 -13.549 Td [(the)-178(long)-177(line)-178(of)-177(famous)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 99.98 0 Td [(grammatici)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 52.238 0 Td [(commemorated)-178(by)-177(Suetonius,)]TJ -152.218 -13.549 Td [(there)-294(are)-294(few)-293(who)-294(were)-294(not)-294(by)-293(origin)-294(or)-294(culture)-294(connected)-293(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-415(Greek)-415(east.)-745(Most)-415(of)-415(them)-415(had)-415(been)-415(freedmen)-415(of)-415(savants)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.782 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 147.885 Td [(558)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(69-77.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(559)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(104.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(560)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(72,)-250(viscera)-250(magnarum)-250(domuum)-250(dominique)-250(futuri.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(561)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(60.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(562)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.802 0 Td [(Ill.)-850(Gram.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.024 0 Td [(i.)-850(ii.)-849(antiquissimi)-450(doctorum)-450(qui)-450(iidem)-450(et)-450(po\353tae)-450(et)]TJ -82.782 -10.959 Td [(semigraeci)-293(erant)-293(\050Livium)-293(et)-294(Ennium)-293(dico\051,)-304(etc.;)-314(Strab.)-380(vi.)-379(3,)-304(5;)-315(A.)-293(Gell.)-379(xvii.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(17,)-250(i.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(563)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Ill.)-250(Gram.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 636 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 637 0 R /Resources 635 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 618 0 R >> endobj 635 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 640 0 obj << /Length 6056 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(115)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(or)-315(great)-315(nobles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.98 3.959 Td [(564)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.31 -3.959 Td [(Some)-315(had)-315(actually)-315(been)-315(bought)-315(in)-315(the)-316(slave)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 204.734 0 Td [([92])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(market.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.022 3.959 Td [(565)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.944 -3.959 Td [(The)-396(profession)-395(was)-396(generally)-395(ill-paid)-396(and)-395(enjoyed)]TJ -52.966 -13.549 Td [(little)-280(consideration,)-288(and)-280(it)-280(was)-280(often)-280(the)-280(last)-280(resort)-280(of)-280(those)-280(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-240(failed)-241(in)-240(other)-241(and)-240(not)-241(more)-240(distinguished)-241(callings.)-246(Orbilius,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-225(master)-225(of)-225(Horace,)-230(had)-225(been)-224(an)-225(attendant)-225(in)-225(a)-225(public)-225(office.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(566)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Others)-407(had)-406(been)-407(pugilists)-407(or)-407(low)-406(actors)-407(in)-407(pantomime.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.717 3.959 Td [(567)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.31 -3.959 Td [(Q.)]TJ -270.027 -13.549 Td [(Remmius)-449(Palaemon,)-499(whose)-449(vices)-449(made)-449(him)-449(infamous)-449(in)-449(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reign)-441(of)-441(Tiberius)-440(and)-441(Claudius,)-489(had)-440(been)-441(a)-441(house-slave,)-488(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-236(originally)-235(a)-236(weaver.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.163 3.958 Td [(568)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.128 -3.958 Td [(He)-236(educated)-235(himself)-236(while)-235(attending)]TJ -121.291 -13.55 Td [(his)-399(young)-398(master)-399(at)-399(school,)-436(and)-398(by)-399(readiness,)-436(versatility,)-435(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arrogant)-371(self-assertion,)-401(rose)-371(to)-371(an)-371(income)-371(of)-371(more)-371(than)-370(\2434000)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-364(year.)-592(Sometimes)-364(they)-364(attained)-364(to)-364(rank)-364(and)-364(fortune)-364(by)-363(being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entrusted)-384(with)-384(the)-384(tuition)-384(of)-384(the)-383(imperial)-384(children.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.785 3.959 Td [(569)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.563 -3.959 Td [(But)-384(the)]TJ -247.348 -13.549 Td [(grammarian,)-278(to)-273(the)-272(very)-273(end,)-278(as)-273(a)-272(rule)-273(never)-272(escaped)-273(the)-272(double)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(stigma)-250(of)-250(doubtful)-250(origin)-250(and)-250(of)-250(poverty.)]TJ 11.956 -16.02 Td [(The)-349(medical)-349(profession,)-373(according)-349(to)-349(the)-348(elder)-349(Pliny,)-374(was)-348(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-423(art)-422(which)-422(was)-423(seldom)-422(practised)-423(by)-422(Romans.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.343 3.959 Td [(570)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.825 -3.959 Td [(Julius)]TJ -255.168 -13.549 Td [(Caesar,)-513(by)-461(giving)-461(civic)-460(rights)-461(to)-461(physicians)-460(from)-461(Egypt)-460(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Hellenic)-500(lands,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.167 3.959 Td [(571)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.584 -3.959 Td [(while)-500(he)-499(raised)-500(the)-499(status)-500(of)-500(the)-499(medical)]TJ -86.751 -13.549 Td [(calling,)-265(also)-262(stimulated)-262(the)-262(immigration)-262(of)-262(foreign)-262(practitioners.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-434(rank)-434(and)-434(fortune)-434(attained)-434(by)-434(the)-434(court)-434(physicians)-434(of)-434(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(early)-223(Caesars,)-229(Antonius)-223(Musa,)-229(the)-223(Stertinii,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.948 3.959 Td [(572)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.948 -3.959 Td [(and)-223(others,)-229(which)]TJ -203.896 -13.549 Td [(almost)-353(rivalled)-353(the)-353(medical)-352(successes)-353(of)-353(our)-353(own)-353(day,)-378(seemed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-378(offer)-378(a)-378(splendid)-378(prize.)-634(Yet)-378(the)-378(profession)-378(was)-378(generally)-377(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(low)-245(repute.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.026 3.959 Td [(573)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.163 -3.959 Td [(It)-245(was)-245(long)-245(recruited)-245(from)-245(the)-245(ranks)-245(of)-245(old)-245(slaves,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 177.677 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 170.781 Td [(564)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xx.)-250(xix.)-250(xvi.)-250(xv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.395 Td [(565)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Ill.)-250(Gram.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(Staberius)-250(...)-250(emptus)-250(de)-250(catasta.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.987 -7.394 Td [(566)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.394 Td [(567)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xviii.)-250(xxiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.394 Td [(568)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.395 Td [(569)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xvii.;)-250(cf.)-250(Quintilian,)-250(iv.)-250(Prooem.)-250(2;)-250(cf.)-250(Juv.)-250(viii.)-250(186-97.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.394 Td [(570)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(xxix.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.063 -7.394 Td [(571)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Jul.)-250(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(xlii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.987 -7.395 Td [(572)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(liii.)-250(30;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 79.469 0 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(xxix.)-250(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.643 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2983.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -179.592 -7.394 Td [(573)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-251(x.)-252(221;)-250(Petron.)-252(42;)-250(D.)-251(Cass.)-251(lxxi.)-251(33;)-251(lxix.)-251(22;)-251(Mart.)-251(ii.)-252(16;)-250(v.)-252(9;)-250(vi.)-252(31;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 639 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 640 0 R /Resources 638 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 642 0 R >> endobj 641 0 obj << /D [639 0 R /XYZ 180.539 518.175 null] >> endobj 638 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 645 0 obj << /Length 5757 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(116)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-412(men)-412(of)-412(the)-413(meanest)-412(callings.)-736(Carpenters)-412(and)-412(smiths)-412(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(undertakers)-448(flocked)-449(into)-448(it,)-498(often)-448(with)-448(only)-449(a)-448(training)-448(of)-448(six)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(months.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.855 3.959 Td [(574)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.459 -3.959 Td [(Galen)-411(found)-412(most)-411(of)-411(his)-411(medical)-412(brethren)-411(utterly)]TJ -55.314 -13.549 Td [(illiterate,)-596(and)-527(recommends)-526(them)-527(to)-527(pay)-526(a)-527(little)-527(attention)-526(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(grammar)-278(in)-278(dealing)-278(with)-278(their)-278(patients.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.207 3.959 Td [(575)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.096 -3.959 Td [(They)-278(compounded)-278(in)]TJ -187.303 -13.549 Td [(their)-334(own)-334(shops,)-356(and)-334(touted)-334(for)-334(practice.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.467 3.959 Td [(576)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.937 -3.959 Td [(They)-334(called)-334(in)-335(the)]TJ -199.404 -13.549 Td [(aid)-369(of)-369(spells)-368(and)-369(witchcraft)-369(to)-369(reinforce)-369(their)-368(drugs.)-607(We)-368(need)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-390(believe)-389(all)-390(the)-389(coarse)-389(insinuations)-390(of)-389(Martial)-390(against)-389(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(morality,)-468(any)-425(more)-425(than)-425(the)-424(sneers)-425(of)-425(Petronius)-425(against)-424(their)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([93])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(skill.)-533(But)-345(we)-344(are)-345(bound)-344(to)-344(conclude)-345(that)-344(the)-345(profession)-344(held)-344(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-328(different)-329(place)-328(in)-329(public)-328(esteem)-329(from)-328(that)-329(which)-328(it)-328(enjoys)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(deserves)-250(in)-250(our)-250(own)-250(time.)]TJ 11.956 -13.757 Td [(Astrology,)-278(which)-272(was)-272(the)-272(aristocratic)-272(form)-272(of)-272(divination,)-277(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(involved)-419(in)-418(many)-418(a)-419(dark)-418(intrigue)-419(of)-418(the)-419(early)-418(Empire,)-461(was)-418(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-311(as)-310(well)-311(as)-310(a)-311(Chaldaean)-310(art.)-432(The)-311(name)-310(of)-311(the)-310(practitioner)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-371(reveals)-370(his)-371(nationality.)-612(The)-371(Seleucus)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.035 3.959 Td [(577)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.497 -3.959 Td [(and)-371(Ptolemaeus)]TJ -210.532 -13.549 Td [(who)-465(affected)-465(to)-465(guide)-465(the)-464(fate)-465(of)-465(Otho,)-519(and)-465(the)-464(Ascletarion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-372(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.358 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-372(reign,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.445 3.959 Td [(578)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.841 -3.959 Td [(are)-372(only)-372(representatives)-371(of)-372(a)-372(nameless)]TJ -108.277 -13.549 Td [(crowd.)-496(And)-332(their)-332(strange)-332(power)-332(is)-332(seen)-332(in)-332(that)-332(tale)-332(of)-331(a)-332(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diviner,)-272(Pammenes,)-272(in)-268(the)-268(last)-268(years)-268(of)-267(Nero,)-273(whose)-267(horoscopes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(led)-464(to)-464(the)-464(tragic)-464(end)-464(of)-465(P.)-464(Anteius)-464(and)-464(Ostorius)-464(Scapula.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(579)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(In)-497(other)-496(countless)-496(arts)-497(of)-496(doubtful)-497(repute,)-558(which)-496(ministered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-492(the)-492(pleasure)-492(or)-492(amusement)-492(of)-492(the)-492(crowd,)-552(the)-492(Greek)-492(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(always)-503(an)-502(adept.)-1008(But)-503(it)-503(was)-502(his)-503(success)-503(as)-502(a)-503(courtier)-502(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accomplished)-450(flatterer)-449(of)-450(the)-450(great,)-499(which)-450(chiefly)-450(roused)-449(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scornful)-316(hatred)-317(of)-316(Juvenal)-316(and)-317(his)-316(fellows.)-449(The)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 214.769 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(adulandi)-316(gens)]TJ -219.612 -13.549 Td [(prudentissima,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.938 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.661 0 Td [(would)-442(hardly)-441(have)-442(been)-441(guilty)-442(of)-441(the)-442(simple)]TJ -73.599 -13.55 Td [(and)-322(obvious)-321(grossness)-322(of)-322(flattery)-322(which)-321(the)-322(rhetoric)-322(of)-321(Juvenal)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.311 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 93.543 133.362 Td [(vi.)-250(53;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.084 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(31,)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.763 -7.394 Td [(574)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(i.)-250(31;)-250(i.)-250(48;)-250(viii.)-250(74.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.395 Td [(575)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(231.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.935 -7.394 Td [(576)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-250(ii.)-250(23,)-250(30,)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(577)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)-250(vi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.065 -7.395 Td [(578)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(xv.;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.334 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(xiv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxxvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -141.719 -7.394 Td [(579)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(14.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 644 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 645 0 R /Resources 643 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 642 0 R >> endobj 646 0 obj << /D [644 0 R /XYZ 354.177 409.782 null] >> endobj 643 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 649 0 obj << /Length 5075 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(117)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(attributes)-460(to)-460(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.671 3.959 Td [(580)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.05 -3.959 Td [(They)-460(knew)-460(their)-460(trade)-460(better)-459(than)-460(the)]TJ -105.721 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-311(plebeian.)-434(It)-311(was)-311(an)-312(old)-311(and)-311(highly)-311(rewarded)-311(profession)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-413(Greece,)-455(and)-413(had)-414(often)-413(been)-414(the)-413(theme)-414(of)-413(Greek)-413(moralists.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)-376(wrote)-377(an)-376(elaborate)-376(treatise)-377(on)-376(the)-376(difference)-376(between)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-320(sycophant)-319(and)-320(the)-320(true)-319(friend,)-337(in)-320(which)-320(he)-319(seems)-320(almost)-319(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exhaust)-391(the)-392(wily)-391(resources)-392(of)-391(the)-391(pretender.)-674(Lucian,)-427(with)-391(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(delicate)-259(irony,)-260(seems)-259(almost)-259(to)-258(raise)-259(the)-259(Greek)-258(skill)-259(in)-258(adulation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-219(the)-218(level)-219(of)-218(a)-219(fine)-219(art.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 102.464 3.959 Td [(581)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.066 -3.959 Td [(And)-219(the)-218(polished)-219(and)-218(versatile)-219(Greek,)]TJ -117.529 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(his)-251(lively)-250(wit,)-250(his)-251(delicate)-250(command)-250(of)-251(expression,)-250(his)-250(cool)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(audacity,)-414(and)-382(his)-381(unscrupulousness,)-415(was)-381(a)-381(formidable)-382(rival)-381(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(coarser)-266(Roman)-266(parasite)-266(celebrated)-266(in)-266(Latin)-266(comedy.)-298(We)-266(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(well)-383(imagine)-384(that)-383(the)-384(young)-383(Greek,)-417(fresh)-383(from)-384(the)-383(schools)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ionia,)-274(was)-270(a)-270(liveli)1(er)-270(companion)-270(at)-269(dinner)-270(than)-269(the)-270(proud)-269(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-312(of)-311(letters)-312(who)-312(snatched)-312(the)-311(dole)-312(and)-312(disdained)-312(himself)-311(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(receiving)-250(it.)]TJ 11.955 -14.789 Td [(There)-379(is)-379(perhaps)-378(no)-379(phase)-379(of)-379(Roman)-379(society)-379(in)-379(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 260.798 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(day)-321(which)-321(we)-322(know)-321(more)-321(intimately)-321(than)-321(the)-322(life)-321(of)-321(the)-321(client.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-277(is)-277(photographed,)-283(in)-277(all)-277(its)-277(sordid)-277(slavery,)-284(by)-277(both)-276(Juvenal)-277(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Martial.)-736(And)-412(Martial)-413(himself)-412(is)-412(perhaps)-412(the)-412(best)-412(example)-412(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.023 0 Td [([94])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(a)-328(man)-329(of)-329(genius)-328(submitting,)-348(with)-329(occasional)-328(intervals)-329(of)-328(proud)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rebellion,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.509 3.959 Td [(582)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.936 -3.959 Td [(to)-222(a)-222(degradation)-222(which)-222(in)-222(our)-222(eyes)-222(no)-222(poverty)-222(could)]TJ -56.445 -13.549 Td [(excuse.)-620(The)-373(client)-374(of)-373(the)-374(early)-373(Empire)-373(was)-374(a)-373(totally)-373(different)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(person)-470(from)-471(the)-470(client)-470(of)-471(Republican)-470(times.)-911(In)-471(the)-470(days)-470(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(freedom,)-263(the)-261(tie)-260(of)-261(patron)-261(and)-260(client)-261(was)-261(rather)-260(that)-261(of)-260(clansman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-315(chief;)-348(it)-315(was)-315(justified)-315(by)-315(political)-315(and)-315(social)-315(necessity,)-331(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ennobled)-375(by)-376(feelings)-375(of)-376(loyalty)-375(and)-376(mutual)-375(obligation.)-626(Under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-236(Empire,)-239(the)-237(relation)-236(was)-237(tainted)-236(by)-236(the)-237(selfish)-236(materialism)-236(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-264(age;)-271(it)-264(had)-263(seldom)-264(any)-264(trace)-264(of)-264(sentiment.)-292(The)-264(rich)-263(man)-264(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(expected)-345(to)-345(have)-345(a)-345(humble)-345(train)-345(of)-345(dependents)-345(to)-345(maintain)-345(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rank)-295(and)-295(consequence.)-384(There)-295(was)-295(a)-295(host)-295(of)-295(needy)-295(people)-294(ready)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-267(do)-268(him)-267(such)-268(service.)-302(The)-268(hungry)-267(client)-268(rushed)-267(to)-268(his)-267(patron)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.753 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.254 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 92.358 Td [(580)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(100.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.395 Td [(581)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(De)-250(Merc.)-250(Cond.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.012 0 Td [(c.)-250(16,)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -90.144 -7.394 Td [(582)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(i.)-250(104,)-250(ii.)-250(68.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 648 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 649 0 R /Resources 647 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 642 0 R >> endobj 650 0 obj << /D [648 0 R /XYZ 318.314 273.049 null] >> endobj 647 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 653 0 obj << /Length 5279 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(118)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(morning)-289(reception,)-298(submitted)-288(to)-289(all)-289(his)-288(coldness)-289(and)-288(caprice,)-298(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-351(the)-350(insolence)-351(of)-351(his)-351(menials,)-376(followed)-350(his)-351(chair)-351(through)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(streets,)-224(and)-218(ran)-217(on)-218(his)-217(errands,)-224(for)-218(the)-218(sake)-217(of)-218(a)-217(miserable)-218(alms)-217(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(money)-228(or)-227(in)-227(kind.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.838 3.958 Td [(583)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.099 -3.958 Td [(The)-227(payment)-228(was)-227(sometimes)-228(supplemented)]TJ -91.937 -13.55 Td [(by)-322(a)-321(cast-off)-322(cloak,)-340(or)-321(an)-322(invitation)-322(at)-321(the)-322(last)-321(moment)-322(to)-322(fill)-321(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(place)-380(at)-379(dinner,)-413(when)-379(perhaps)-380(it)-380(could)-379(not)-380(be)-380(accepted.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.117 3.959 Td [(584)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.426 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(the)-339(train)-340(which)-339(the)-340(great)-339(man)-339(gathered)-340(about)-339(him,)-362(to)-339(swell)-339(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(importance,)-234(were)-229(to)-230(be)-230(seen,)-233(not)-230(only)-230(the)-229(starving)-230(man)-230(of)-229(letters,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-389(loafer)-389(and)-389(mere)-389(mendicant,)-423(but)-389(the)-389(sons)-389(of)-389(ruined)-388(houses)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(sprung)-220(from)-221(Troy,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.644 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.247 0 Td [(and)-220(even)-221(senators)-220(and)-220(men)-221(of)-220(consular)-220(rank)]TJ -91.735 -13.549 Td [(who)-250(had)-250(a)-250(client\350le)-250(of)-250(their)-250(own.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.302 3.959 Td [(585)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -131.346 -17.65 Td [(Nothing)-280(throws)-280(a)-279(more)-280(lurid)-280(light)-280(on)-280(the)-280(economic)-279(condition)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-176(Italy)-175(in)-176(the)-176(time)-175(of)-176(the)-176(early)-175(Empire)-176(than)-176(this)-175(form)-176(of)-175(pensioned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dependence.)-328(The)-275(impression)-276(which)-276(we)-276(derive)-276(from)-276(Juvenal)-275(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Martial)-435(is)-435(that)-435(of)-434(a)-435(society)-435(divided)-435(between)-435(a)-435(small)-435(class)-434(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immensely)-210(wealthy)-209(people,)-218(and)-209(an)-210(almost)-209(starving)-210(proletariat.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(586)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Poverty)-372(seems)-372(almost)-372(universal,)-402(except)-372(in)-372(the)-372(freedman)-372(class,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-269(by)-269(an)-269(industrial)-268(energy)-269(and)-269(speculative)-269(daring,)-274(which)-268(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(despised)-401(by)-401(the)-400(true-born)-401(Roman,)-438(were)-401(now)-401(rapidly)-401(rising)-400(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(opulence.)-737(The)-412(causes)-413(of)-412(this)-412(plebeian)-413(indigence)-412(can)-412(only)-412(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glanced)-536(at)-536(here.)-1109(The)-536(agricultural)-536(revolution,)-607(which)-536(ruined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(small)-332(freeholders)-331(and)-331(created)-332(the)-331(plantation)-331(system,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.588 3.959 Td [(587)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.289 -3.959 Td [(had)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(driven)-186(great)-185(numbers)-186(of)-186(once)-185(prosperous)-186(farmers)-186(to)-185(the)-186(capital,)-198(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([95])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(depend)-181(on)-181(the)-182(granaries)-181(of)-181(the)-181(State,)-195(or)-181(on)-182(the)-181(charity)-181(of)-181(a)-181(wealthy)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 196.661 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 189.765 Td [(583)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(100;)-250(v.)-250(17;)-250(Mart.)-250(xii.)-250(18)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 109.596 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -112.585 -16.011 Td [(Dum)-250(per)-250(limina)-250(te)-250(potentiorum)]TJ 8.966 -10.959 Td [(Sudatrix)-250(toga)-250(ventilat,)-250(etc.;)]TJ -17.933 -16.01 Td [(iii.)-250(7,)-250(36;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.054 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xvi;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.676 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(vii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -115.328 -7.394 Td [(584)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(ii.)-250(79;)-250(Juv.)-250(v.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.395 Td [(585)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(100)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 37.362 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -13.452 -16.01 Td [(Jubet)-250(a)-250(praecone)-250(vocari)]TJ -26.899 -10.959 Td [(Ipsos)-250(Trojugenas.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -8.718 -12.446 Td [(586)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(ii.)-250(43;)-250(iii.)-250(38,)-250(12,)-250(pallet)-250(cetera)-250(turba)-250(fame;)-250(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(153,)-250(161;)-250(xi.)-250(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(587)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(R.)-250(H.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(374)-250(\050Tr.\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 652 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 653 0 R /Resources 651 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 642 0 R >> endobj 654 0 obj << /D [652 0 R /XYZ 197.983 219.951 null] >> endobj 651 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 657 0 obj << /Length 4991 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(119)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(patron.)-384(Such)-295(men)-294(were)-295(kept)-294(in)-295(poverty)-295(and)-294(dependence)-295(by)-294(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(general)-286(contempt)-285(for)-286(trade)-285(and)-286(industrial)-285(pursuits)-286(which)-285(always)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prevails)-237(in)-238(a)-237(slave-owning)-238(society.)-246(Many)-237(of)-238(the)-237(greatest)-237(families)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-251(been)-250(reduced)-251(to)-251(poverty)-250(by)-251(proscription)-251(and)-250(confiscation.)-252(A)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-300(noble)-300(might)-300(be)-300(keeping)-300(sheep)-301(on)-300(a)-300(Laurentine)-300(farm,)-312(if)-300(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-308(not)-308(win)-308(a)-308(pension)-308(from)-308(the)-308(grace)-308(of)-308(the)-308(Emperor.)-424(At)-308(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-288(time,)-297(from)-287(various)-288(causes,)-297(what)-288(we)-287(should)-288(call)-288(the)-287(liberal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(professions,)-413(with)-380(the)-381(doubtful)-380(exception)-380(of)-381(medicine,)-412(tortured)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-278(engaged)-279(in)-278(them)-279(by)-278(the)-278(contrast)-279(between)-278(ambitious)-278(hopes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-224(the)-224(misery)-224(of)-224(squalid)-224(poverty.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 150.288 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Make)-224(your)-224(son)-224(an)-224(auctioneer)]TJ -155.132 -13.549 Td [(or)-400(an)-400(undertaker)-400(rather)-400(than)-400(an)-400(advocate)-400(or)-400(a)-400(man)-400(of)-399(letters)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 275.787 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(is)-340(the)-339(advice)-340(of)-339(Martial)-340(and)-339(Juvenal,)-362(and)-340(of)-339(the)-340(shrewd)-339(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guests)-220(of)-221(Trimalchio.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.375 3.959 Td [(588)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.073 -3.959 Td [(Any)-220(mean)-221(and)-220(malodorous)-220(trade)-221(will)-220(be)]TJ -107.448 -13.549 Td [(more)-238(lucrative)-237(than)-238(the)-238(greatest)-237(knowledge)-238(and)-238(culture.)-246(The)-237(rich)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(literary)-283(amateur,)-290(who)-283(should)-283(have)-282(been)-283(a)-282(Maecenas,)-291(in)-283(that)-282(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(became)-203(an)-204(author)-203(himself,)-213(composed)-203(his)-203(own)-204(Thebaid)-203(or)-203(Codrid,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-334(would)-333(only)-334(help)-334(the)-334(poor)-333(man)-334(of)-334(genius)-334(by)-333(the)-334(loan)-334(of)-333(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unfurnished)-371(hall)-371(for)-371(a)-371(reading.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.672 3.959 Td [(589)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.14 -3.959 Td [(The)-371(unabashed)-371(mendicancy)]TJ -156.812 -13.549 Td [(of)-317(Martial)-318(shows)-317(the)-317(mean)-317(straits)-317(to)-318(which)-317(the)-317(genuine)-317(literary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(man)-282(was)-283(reduced.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.165 3.959 Td [(590)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.24 -3.959 Td [(The)-282(historian)-283(will)-282(not)-282(earn)-283(as)-282(much)-283(as)-282(the)]TJ -95.405 -13.549 Td [(reader)-216(of)-216(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 56.737 0 Td [(Acta)-216(Diurna)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 53.868 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.728 3.959 Td [(591)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.057 -3.959 Td [(It)-216(is)-216(the)-216(same)-216(with)-216(education.)-238(What)]TJ -128.39 -13.549 Td [(costs)-371(the)-372(father)-371(least)-372(is)-371(the)-371(training)-372(of)-371(his)-372(son.)-614(The)-371(man)-371(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-394(expend)-395(a)-394(fortune)-394(on)-395(his)-394(baths)-394(and)-395(colonnades,)-430(can)-394(spare)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-403(Quintilian)-404(only)-403(a)-403(fraction)-403(of)-404(what)-403(he)-403(will)-404(give)-403(for)-403(a)-403(pastry)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 195.304 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 188.408 Td [(588)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iv.)-250(5;)-250(v.)-250(56)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 60.523 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -63.512 -20.506 Td [(Artes)-250(discere)-250(vult)-250(pecuniosas?)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Fac)-250(discat)-250(citharoedus)-250(aut)-250(choraules.)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(Si)-250(duri)-250(puer)-250(ingeni)-250(videtur,)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Praeconem)-250(facias,)-250(vel)-250(architectum;)]TJ -8.966 -20.506 Td [(Juv.)-891(vii.)-891(104;)-571(x.)-891(226;)-571(Petron.)-891(46,)-517(destinavi)-464(illum)-464(artificii)-464(docere,)-517(aut)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(tonstreinum)-250(aut)-250(praeconem)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(589)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vii.)-250(38)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.395 Td [(590)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(ii.)-250(43;)-250(iv.)-250(40;)-250(v.)-250(42,)-250(quas)-250(dederis,)-250(solas)-250(semper)-250(habebis)-250(opes.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(591)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vii.)-250(104.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 656 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 657 0 R /Resources 655 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 642 0 R >> endobj 655 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 660 0 obj << /Length 5539 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(120)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(cook.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.935 3.959 Td [(592)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.087 -3.959 Td [(The)-339(grammarian,)-361(who)-339(is)-338(expected)-339(to)-339(be)-339(master)-339(of)-338(all)]TJ -42.022 -13.549 Td [(literature,)-384(will)-357(be)-358(lucky)-357(if)-357(he)-358(receives)-357(as)-357(much)-358(for)-357(the)-357(year)-357(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-384(charioteer)-385(gains)-384(by)-384(a)-384(single)-385(victory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.087 3.959 Td [(593)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.575 -3.959 Td [(If)-384(the)-385(rhetor,)-417(weary)]TJ -191.662 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(mock)-364(battles,)-393(descends)-364(into)-365(the)-364(real)-364(arena)-364(of)-364(the)-365(courts,)-392(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fares)-300(no)-299(better.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.208 3.959 Td [(594)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.802 -3.959 Td [(The)-300(bar)-299(is)-300(overcrowded)-299(by)-300(men)-299(to)-300(whom)-299(no)]TJ -83.01 -13.549 Td [(other)-240(career)-241(of)-240(ambition)-240(is)-241(open,)-242(by)-240(old)-241(informers)-240(who)-240(find)-240(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occupation)-373(gone,)-403(by)-372(the)-373(sons)-373(of)-372(noble)-373(houses)-372(who)-373(parade)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glory)-213(of)-213(their)-214(ancestors)-213(in)-213(order)-213(to)-213(attract)-213(vulgar)-214(clients.)-237(They)-213(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carried)-353(in)-353(a)-353(litter,)-379(surrounded)-353(by)-353(slaves)-353(and)-354(dependents,)-378(down)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([96])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(to)-424(the)-424(courts)-424(of)-424(the)-424(Centumviri.)-772(The)-424(poor)-424(pleader)-424(must)-424(hire)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-344(borrow)-345(purple)-344(robes)-345(and)-344(jewelled)-345(rings,)-368(if)-344(he)-345(is)-344(to)-344(compete)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-360(them.)-578(And)-360(in)-359(the)-360(end,)-386(he)-360(may)-359(find)-360(his)-359(honorarium)-360(for)-359(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(day)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-373(hard)-373(pleading)-373(to)-374(be)-373(a)-373(leg)-373(of)-373(pork,)-404(a)-373(jar)-373(of)-373(tunnies,)-404(or)-373(a)]TJ -19.386 -13.549 Td [(few)-401(flasks)-401(of)-401(cheap)-401(wine.)-703(In)-401(this)-401(materialised)-401(society)-401(all)-401(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(prizes)-222(go)-222(to)-222(the)-222(coarser)-222(qualities;)-231(there)-222(is)-222(nothing)-222(but)-222(neglect)-221(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(starvation)-266(before)-265(taste)-266(and)-266(intellect.)-297(And)-265(poverty)-266(is)-266(punished)-265(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-232(forced)-231(to)-232(put)-231(on)-232(the)-231(show)-232(of)-231(wealth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.902 3.959 Td [(595)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.114 -3.959 Td [(That)-231(stately)-232(person)]TJ -198.016 -13.549 Td [(in)-389(violet)-388(robes)-389(who)-389(stalks)-389(through)-388(the)-389(forum,)-423(or)-389(reclines)-389(in)-388(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freshly)-288(decorated)-288(chair,)-297(followed)-287(by)-288(a)-288(throng)-288(of)-288(slaves,)-297(has)-287(just)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pawned)-309(his)-309(ring)-309(to)-308(buy)-309(a)-309(dinner.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.744 3.959 Td [(596)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.106 -3.959 Td [(That)-309(matron,)-323(who)-309(has)-309(sold)]TJ -161.85 -13.549 Td [(the)-316(last)-316(pieces)-316(of)-315(her)-316(ancestral)-316(plate,)-333(will)-315(hire)-316(splendid)-316(dress,)-332(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sedan)-353(chair,)-378(and)-353(a)-353(troop)-352(of)-353(attendants,)-379(to)-352(go)-353(in)-353(proper)-353(state)-352(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(games.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.268 3.959 Td [(597)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.011 -3.959 Td [(Thus)-306(you)-306(have)-306(the)-306(spectacle)-305(of)-306(a)-306(society)-306(divided)]TJ -64.279 -13.549 Td [(between)-284(the)-284(idle,)-293(luxurious)-284(rich)-284(and)-285(the)-284(lazy,)-293(hungry)-284(poor,)-292(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imitate)-264(all)-264(the)-264(vices)-264(of)-264(the)-264(rich,)-267(and)-264(although)-264(too)-264(proud)-264(to)-264(work,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-250(not)-250(ashamed)-250(to)-250(borrow)-250(or)-250(to)-250(beg.)]TJ 11.955 -17.805 Td [(In)-293(such)-293(a)-292(society,)-304(where)-293(the)-292(paths)-293(of)-293(honest)-293(industry)-293(seemed)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(closed)-399(to)-399(the)-398(poor,)-436(or)-399(as)-399(yet)-399(undiscovered,)-436(the)-399(great)-398(problem)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.864 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.968 Td [(592)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(180.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(593)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(594)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(121)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(595)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(182;)-250(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.46 0 Td [(Moralistes)-250(sous)-250(l)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 61.276 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Emp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(p.)-250(400.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -174.348 -7.395 Td [(596)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(ii.)-250(57.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(597)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(353.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 659 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 660 0 R /Resources 658 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 642 0 R >> endobj 661 0 obj << /D [659 0 R /XYZ 243.874 409.782 null] >> endobj 658 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 664 0 obj << /Length 5654 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(121)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(was)-344(how)-344(to)-344(secure)-345(without)-344(labour)-344(a)-344(share)-344(of)-344(the)-344(wealth)-344(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-498(monopolised)-498(by)-498(the)-498(few.)-994(The)-498(problem)-498(was)-498(solved)-497(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-478(obsequiousness)-477(of)-478(the)-477(client,)-535(or)-477(by)-478(the)-478(arts)-477(of)-478(the)-477(will-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hunter.)-674(Owing)-391(to)-391(celibacy)-392(and)-391(vice,)-427(childlessness)-391(in)-391(that)-391(age)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-422(extraordinarily)-423(common)-422(in)-422(the)-423(upper)-422(class.)-767(In)-422(a)-422(society)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 13.871 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(ambitious)-438(poverty,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.874 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.626 0 Td [(a)-438(society)-439(where)-438(poverty)-439(was)-438(unable,)]TJ -112.214 -13.549 Td [(or)-378(where)-378(it)-378(disdained,)-410(to)-378(find)-378(the)-378(path)-378(to)-378(competence)-377(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honest)-218(toil,)-224(the)-217(wealthy,)-224(without)-218(natural)-217(heirs,)-224(offered)-218(a)-217(tempting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prey)-304(to)-304(the)-304(needy)-304(adventurer.)-411(Captation)-304(by)-304(every)-304(kind)-304(of)-303(mean)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(flattery,)-334(or)-317(vicious)-317(service,)-334(became)-316(a)-317(recognised)-317(profession.)-451(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-305(Croton)-305(of)-305(Petronius)-305(there)-304(are)-305(only)-305(two)-305(classes,)-319(the)-305(rich)-304(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-463(sycophant,)-515(the)-463(hunters)-463(and)-462(the)-463(hunted.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.107 3.959 Td [(598)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.139 -3.959 Td [(Even)-463(men)-462(of)]TJ -220.246 -13.549 Td [(high)-417(position,)-458(with)-417(no)-417(temptation)-417(from)-416(want,)-459(would)-417(stoop)-416(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-293(detestable)-294(trade.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.322 3.958 Td [(599)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.597 -3.958 Td [(And)-293(the)-293(social)-294(tone)-293(which)-293(tolerated)-294(the)]TJ -106.919 -13.55 Td [(captator,)-442(made)-404(it)-403(almost)-404(an)-404(honour)-403(to)-404(be)-404(beset)-403(on)-404(a)-403(sick-bed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-422(these)-423(rapacious)-422(sycophants.)-767(One)-422(of)-423(the)-422(darkest)-422(and)-422(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(repulsive)-266(features)-267(in)-266(that)-266(putrescent)-266(society)-267(was)-266(the)-266(social)-266(value)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([97])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(which)-171(attached)-171(to)-170(a)-171(vicious)-171(and)-170(shameful)-171(childlessness.)-224(A)-170(morose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-369(unlovely)-369(old)-369(age)-370(could)-369(thus)-369(gather)-369(around)-369(it)-369(a)-369(little)-369(court)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-357(dependents)-357(and)-356(pretended)-357(friends,)-384(such)-356(as)-357(a)-357(career)-357(of)-356(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(achievement)-370(would)-371(hardly)-370(attract.)-612(There)-370(have)-371(been)-370(few)-370(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(loathsome)-230(characters)-230(than)-230(the)-230(polished)-230(hypocrite)-230(by)-230(the)-230(sick-bed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-204(his)-205(prey,)-213(shedding)-205(tears)-204(of)-205(feigned)-204(sympathy,)-214(while)-204(with)-204(eager)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eyes)-250(he)-250(is)-250(noting)-250(every)-250(symptom)-250(of)-250(the)-250(approaching)-250(end.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.054 3.959 Td [(600)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -237.098 -20.867 Td [(Juvenal)-590(and)-590(Petronius,)-674(the)-590(embittered)-590(plebeian,)-675(and)-589(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(cynical,)-594(fastidious)-526(epicure)-525(of)-526(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 163.339 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-525(court,)-595(alike)-525(treat)-526(their)]TJ -166.972 -13.55 Td [(age)-206(as)-207(utterly)-206(corrupted)-206(and)-206(vulgarised)-206(by)-207(the)-206(passion)-206(for)-206(money;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(inter)-434(nos)-434(sanctissima)-434(divitiarum)-434(Majestas.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 191.361 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(601)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.189 -3.959 Td [(No)-434(virtue,)-480(no)]TJ -218.238 -13.549 Td [(gifts,)-325(no)-310(eminence)-310(of)-310(service,)-325(will)-309(be)-310(noticed)-310(in)-310(the)-310(poor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 255.612 3.959 Td [(602)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.142 -3.959 Td [(A)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.409 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.513 Td [(598)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(116,)-250(in)-250(hac)-250(urbe)-250(nemo)-250(liberos)-250(tollit)-250(...)-250(aut)-250(captantur)-250(aut)-250(captant.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(599)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(e.g.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.189 0 Td [(Regulus,)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.812 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(ii.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -94.151 -7.311 Td [(600)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xii.)-250(100;)-250(i.)-250(36;)-250(Mart.)-250(v.)-250(39;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 133.267 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ii,)-250(20;)-250(Petron.)-250(140.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -159.418 -7.31 Td [(601)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(112;)-250(Petron.)-250(88,)-250(pecuniae)-250(cupiditas)-250(haec)-250(tropica)-250(instituit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(602)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(164.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 663 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 664 0 R /Resources 662 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 667 0 R >> endobj 665 0 obj << /D [663 0 R /XYZ 290.441 328.486 null] >> endobj 666 0 obj << /D [663 0 R /XYZ 275.417 301.388 null] >> endobj 662 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 670 0 obj << /Length 7008 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(122)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(great)-298(fortune)-299(will)-298(conceal)-298(the)-299(want)-298(of)-298(talent,)-311(sense,)-310(or)-298(common)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decency.)-562(Everything)-355(is)-354(forgiven)-354(to)-354(the)-354(master)-354(of)-354(money)-354(bags,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-380(the)-380(brand)-380(of)-380(the)-380(slave)-380(prison.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.476 3.959 Td [(603)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.435 -3.959 Td [(In)-380(Juvenal)-380(and)-380(Martial)]TJ -177.911 -13.549 Td [(probably)-345(the)-345(most)-345(resonant)-345(note)-345(is)-345(the)-345(cry)-345(of)-345(the)-345(poor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 243.67 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(How)]TJ -259.423 -13.55 Td [(long.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.124 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.312 0 Td [(Yet,)-335(after)-318(all,)-335(it)-318(is)-318(not)-318(a)-318(fierce)-318(cry)-318(of)-318(revolt;)-352(against)-317(that)]TJ -30.436 -13.549 Td [(highly)-358(organised)-358(and)-358(centralised)-358(society)-358(the)-358(disinherited)-358(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dreamed)-217(of)-217(rebellion,)-223(even)-217(when)-217(the)-217(Goths)-217(were)-217(under)-217(the)-216(walls.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-264(is)-264(rather)-264(an)-264(appeal,)-268(though)-264(often)-264(a)-264(bitter)-264(and)-264(angry)-264(appeal,)-267(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pity)-353(and)-353(a)-353(modest)-353(share)-354(in)-353(a)-353(wasted)-353(abundance.)-559(In)-353(the)-353(poems)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-335(Juvenal)-334(and)-334(Martial,)-356(as)-335(in)-334(the)-335(sentiment)-334(of)-334(the)-335(colleges)-334(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(municipalities)-461(for)-461(generations,)-513(the)-461(one)-461(hope)-461(for)-461(the)-461(mass)-460(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(helpless)-309(indigence)-310(lay)-309(in)-310(awaking)-309(the)-309(generosity)-310(and)-309(charity)-309(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-203(rich.)-234(The)-202(rich,)-212(as)-203(we)-202(shall)-203(see)-202(in)-203(another)-202(chapter,)-212(admitted)-202(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obligation,)-310(and)-298(responded)-298(to)-298(the)-298(claim,)-310(often)-298(in)-298(the)-298(most)-297(lavish)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fashion.)-590(A)-364(long)-363(line)-364(of)-363(emperors)-364(not)-363(only)-364(fed)-363(the)-364(mob)-363(of)-363(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capital,)-386(but)-359(squandered)-359(the)-358(resources)-359(of)-359(the)-359(State)-359(in)-358(providing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gross)-469(and)-470(demoralising)-469(amusements)-470(for)-469(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.554 3.959 Td [(604)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.362 -3.959 Td [(Under)-469(the)]TJ -234.916 -13.549 Td [(influence)-213(of)-213(the)-212(Stoic)-213(teaching)-213(of)-213(the)-212(brotherhood)-213(of)-213(man)-213(and)-212(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(duty)-197(of)-197(mutual)-197(help,)-208(both)-197(private)-197(citizens)-196(and)-197(benevolent)-197(princes,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-248(Nero)-248(to)-247(M.)-248(Aurelius,)-248(created)-248(charitable)-248(foundations)-248(for)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(orphan)-306(and)-306(the)-306(needy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.174 3.959 Td [(605)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.016 -3.959 Td [(Public)-306(calamities)-306(were)-306(relieved)-306(again)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -187.946 0 Td [([98])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(and)-380(again)-380(by)-380(imperial)-380(aid)-380(and)-380(private)-380(charity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.068 3.959 Td [(606)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.435 -3.959 Td [(The)-380(love)-380(of)]TJ -227.503 -13.549 Td [(wealth)-386(was)-387(strong,)-420(but)-387(a)-386(spirit)-386(of)-387(benevolence)-386(was)-387(in)-386(the)-386(air,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-198(in)-198(the)-199(days)-198(of)-198(Juvenal;)-215(and)-199(the)-198(constant)-198(invectives)-198(of)-198(poet)-198(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(philosopher)-192(against)-193(wealth)-192(and)-193(luxury)-192(are)-192(not)-193(so)-192(much)-193(the)-192(sign)-192(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-276(growing)-275(selfishness,)-282(as)-275(of)-276(a)-275(spreading)-276(sense)-275(of)-276(the)-275(duty)-276(of)-275(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.001 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 158.188 Td [(603)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(131,)-250(103;)-250(i.)-250(26;)-250(iv.)-250(98;)-250(Mart.)-250(ii.)-250(29,)-250(iii.)-250(29;)-250(v.)-250(13,)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(604)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.796 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.686 0 Td [(xliii.-v.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.325 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.206 0 Td [(xviii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.606 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.196 0 Td [(xxi;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.379 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-360(xi.)-515(xii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.931 0 Td [(Titus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.942 0 Td [(,)-360(vii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -260.956 -10.958 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.268 0 Td [(iv.;)-309(D.)-290(Cass.)-368(65.)-369(25;)-309(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 101.493 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.765 0 Td [(vii.)-368(D.)-290(Cass.)-368(68.)-369(10,)-299(15;)-309(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 123.393 0 Td [(M.)]TJ -270.919 -10.959 Td [(Anton.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.581 0 Td [(vi.;)-363(but)-326(cp.)-476(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.774 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.121 0 Td [(xlvii.;)-363(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.388 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.106 0 Td [(ii)-325(62,)-345(D.)-325(Cass.)-477(66.)-476(15;)-363(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -174.97 -10.959 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(xliv.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(54.)-250(2;)-250(68.)-250(2;)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 129.528 0 Td [(Anton.)-250(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.866 0 Td [(xii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -191.04 -7.395 Td [(605)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Victor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.695 0 Td [(Epit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.864 0 Td [(12;)-323(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.064 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.845 0 Td [(vii.)-395(\247)-299(12;)-322(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.955 0 Td [(M.)-298(Anton.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.724 0 Td [(xxvi.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.569 0 Td [(Ant.)-395(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -254.671 -10.958 Td [(viii.;)-254(D.)-252(Cass.)-257(68.)-257(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.197 0 Td [(Orelli)-252(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.615 0 Td [(4365,)-253(7244;)-254(Friedl\344nder,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.987 0 Td [(Petron.)-257(Einleit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 57.372 0 Td [(49;)]TJ -269.171 -10.959 Td [(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(429;)-250(iv.)-250(787;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 118.061 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(ii.)-250(208;)-250(cf.)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.04 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ix.)-250(30.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -227.65 -7.311 Td [(606)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(62;)-250(ii.)-250(47,)-250(48.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 669 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 670 0 R /Resources 668 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 667 0 R >> endobj 671 0 obj << /D [669 0 R /XYZ 162.939 247.191 null] >> endobj 668 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 674 0 obj << /Length 5015 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(world)-250(of)-250(the)-250(satirist)-13448(123)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(fortunate)-231(to)-231(the)-231(miserable.)-243(Although)-231(the)-231(literary)-231(men)-231(seem)-230(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-264(have)-265(thought)-264(of)-264(any)-265(economic)-264(solution)-264(of)-265(the)-264(social)-264(problem,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-367(the)-368(tapping)-367(of)-367(fresh)-368(sources)-367(of)-367(wealth)-368(from)-367(which)-367(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-366(draw,)-395(yet)-366(there)-367(can)-366(be)-366(no)-366(doubt)-366(that)-366(there)-366(was,)-395(at)-366(least)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-263(provincial)-262(cities,)-266(a)-262(great)-263(industrial)-262(movement)-263(in)-262(the)-262(Antonine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-321(which)-306(gave)-307(wealth)-306(to)-307(some,)-321(and)-306(a)-307(respectable)-306(competence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-321(many.)-465(The)-321(opulent)-321(freedman)-322(and)-321(the)-322(contented)-321(artisan)-321(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(left)-262(many)-262(a)-262(memorial)-262(in)-262(the)-262(inscriptions.)-286(Yet)-262(the)-262(movement)-261(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-250(solved)-251(the)-250(social)-250(problem)-251(in)-250(the)-250(days)-251(of)-250(Lucian,)-250(as)-251(it)-250(has)-250(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(solved)-192(it)-191(after)-192(seventeen)-192(centuries.)-230(The)-192(cry)-192(of)-191(the)-192(poor)-192(against)-191(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(selfish)-220(rich,)-226(which)-220(rings)-220(in)-220(the)-220(ears)-220(of)-220(the)-220(detached)-220(man)-220(of)-220(letters)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-326(the)-327(end)-326(of)-327(the)-326(Antonine)-326(age,)-346(will)-326(still)-327(ring)-326(in)-326(the)-327(ears)-326(of)-326(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascetic)-250(Salvianus,)-250(when)-250(the)-250(Germans)-250(have)-250(passed)-250(the)-250(Rhine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.796 3.959 Td [(607)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -252.84 -22.581 Td [(The)-480(scorn)-480(and)-480(hatred)-480(of)-480(Juvenal)-480(for)-480(wealth)-480(and)-480(its)-480(vices)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-449(natural)-450(to)-449(a)-450(class)-449(which)-450(was)-449(too)-450(proud)-449(to)-450(struggle)-449(out)-449(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poverty,)-226(by)-220(engaging)-220(in)-220(the)-220(industries)-220(which)-220(it)-220(despised.)-240(And)-220(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedman,)-310(who)-297(occupied)-298(the)-298(vacant)-298(field,)-309(and)-298(rose)-298(to)-297(opulence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-269(even)-269(more)-269(an)-270(object)-269(of)-269(hatred)-269(to)-269(Juvenal)-269(and)-269(Martial)-269(than)-269(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(recreant)-336(noble)-336(or)-336(the)-336(stingy)-337(patron.)-508(He)-336(was)-336(an)-336(alien)-336(of)-336(servile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(birth,)-444(and)-405(he)-405(had)-405(made)-405(himself)-405(wealthy)-405(by)-405(the)-405(usual)-404(method)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-459(thinking)-459(of)-459(nothing)-459(but)-459(gold.)-876(These)-459(men,)-512(who)-459(were)-458(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-396(free)-396(Romans,)-432(had)-395(mastered)-396(the)-396(power)-396(which)-395(commands)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-284(allegiance)-285(of)-284(the)-284(world.)-353(The)-284(rise)-284(of)-284(this)-285(new)-284(class)-284(to)-284(wealth)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-369(importance)-369(probably)-369(irritated)-369(men)-369(of)-369(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 223.501 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-369(type)-369(more)]TJ -227.134 -13.549 Td [(than)-400(any)-400(other)-400(sign)-400(of)-399(social)-400(injustice)-400(in)-400(their)-400(time.)-700(And)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Trimalchio)-183(of)-182(Petronius,)-197(a)-182(man)-183(of)-183(low,)-196(tainted)-183(origin,)-196(the)-182(creature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-238(economic)-238(accident,)-240(whose)-238(one)-238(faith)-237(is)-238(in)-238(the)-238(power)-238(of)-237(money,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-286(boasts)-286(of)-287(his)-286(fortune)-286(as)-286(if)-286(it)-286(had)-287(been)-286(won)-286(by)-286(real)-286(talent)-286(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(honourable)-301(service,)-315(who)-301(expends)-301(it)-301(with)-302(coarse)-301(ostentation)-301(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([99])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(a)-383(ludicrous)-383(affectation)-383(of)-383(cultivated)-383(taste,)-416(may)-383(be)-383(tolerated)-382(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literature,)-329(if)-312(not)-313(in)-313(actual)-313(life,)-328(for)-313(the)-313(charm)-313(of)-313(a)-313(certain)-312(kindly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bonhomie)-347(and)-346(honest)-347(vulgarity,)-371(which)-346(the)-347(art)-346(of)-347(Petronius)-346(has)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 69.951 Td [(607)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Salv.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(De)-250(Gub.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.567 0 Td [(,)-250(v.)-250(30;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.15 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Eccles.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.089 0 Td [(iv.)-250(22.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 673 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 674 0 R /Resources 672 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 667 0 R >> endobj 675 0 obj << /D [673 0 R /XYZ 99.139 133.725 null] >> endobj 672 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 678 0 obj << /Length 814 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(124)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(thrown)-315(around)-315(him.)-445(Yet,)-331(after)-315(all,)-331(we)-315(must)-315(concede)-315(to)-315(Juvenal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-237(Martial,)-239(that)-236(such)-237(a)-236(person)-237(is)-236(always)-237(a)-236(somewhat)-236(unpleasing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-349(product.)-545(But)-349(the)-348(subject)-348(is)-349(so)-348(important)-349(that)-348(it)-349(claims)-348(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chapter)-229(to)-228(itself.)-243(And,)-233(fortunately)-228(for)-229(us)-228(and)-229(our)-228(readers,)-233(the)-228(new)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(freedmen)-250(were)-250(not)-250(all)-250(of)-250(the)-250(type)-250(of)-250(Trimalchio.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 677 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 678 0 R /Resources 676 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 667 0 R >> endobj 676 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 679 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index6) >> endobj 682 0 obj (III. The society of the freedmen) endobj 685 0 obj << /Length 4432 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([100])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf -196.736 -32.857 Td [(CHAPTER)-278(III)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -57.999 -49.49 Td [(THE)-261(SOCIETY)-261(OF)-261(THE)-261(FREEDMEN)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -36.289 -28.637 Td [(The)-378(historian,)-409(who)-377(is)-378(occupied)-377(with)-378(war)-377(and)-378(politics,)-409(and)-377(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fate)-411(of)-412(princes)-411(and)-412(nobles,)-452(is)-411(apt)-411(to)-412(lose)-411(sight)-412(of)-411(great)-411(silent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(movements)-286(in)-286(the)-286(dim)-286(masses)-285(of)-286(society.)-358(And,)-295(in)-286(the)-286(history)-285(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(early)-317(Empire,)-334(the)-317(deadly)-317(conflict)-317(between)-317(the)-316(Emperor)-317(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-208(Senate,)-216(the)-207(carnival)-208(of)-207(luxury,)-216(and)-208(the)-207(tragic)-208(close)-207(of)-208(so)-207(many)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reigns,)-314(have)-302(diverted)-301(attention)-301(from)-301(social)-302(changes)-301(of)-301(immense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moment.)-674(Not)-392(the)-391(least)-392(important)-391(of)-391(these)-392(was)-391(the)-392(rise)-391(of)-391(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedmen,)-246(in)-245(the)-245(face)-245(of)-245(the)-245(most)-245(violent)-245(prejudice,)-246(both)-244(popular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-316(aristocratic.)-449(And)-316(literature)-316(has)-317(thrown)-316(its)-316(whole)-316(weight)-316(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-242(side)-242(of)-242(prejudice,)-243(and)-242(given)-242(full)-241(vent)-242(alike)-242(to)-242(the)-242(scorn)-242(of)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noble,)-277(and)-271(to)-272(the)-271(hate)-272(and)-271(envy)-272(of)-271(the)-272(plebeian.)-314(The)-271(movement,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(indeed,)-499(was)-449(so)-449(swift)-449(and)-449(far)-449(spreading)-449(that)-449(old)-448(conservative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instincts)-292(might)-292(well)-292(be)-293(alarmed.)-376(Everywhere)-292(in)-292(the)-292(inscriptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedmen)-286(are)-286(seen)-285(rising)-286(to)-286(wealth)-286(and)-286(consequence)-285(throughout)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-378(provinces,)-409(as)-377(well)-378(as)-377(in)-378(Italy,)-409(and)-378(winning)-377(popularity)-377(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-219(by)-219(profuse)-220(benefactions)-219(to)-219(colleges)-219(and)-219(municipalities.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(In)-359(almost)-359(every)-359(district)-360(of)-359(the)-359(Roman)-359(Empire)-359(the)-359(order)-359(of)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Augustales,)-394(which)-364(was)-365(composed)-365(to)-365(a)-365(great)-365(extent)-365(of)-364(wealthy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedmen,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.92 3.959 Td [(608)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.644 -3.959 Td [(has)-431(left)-430(its)-431(memorials.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 110.911 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Freedman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.626 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-431(wealth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 38.025 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.542 0 Td [(in)]TJ -272.143 -13.549 Td [(Martial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.117 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-490(day)-491(had)-490(become)-490(a)-491(proverb.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.921 3.959 Td [(609)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.047 -3.959 Td [(Not)-490(only)-491(are)-490(they)]TJ -196.717 -13.549 Td [(crowding)-238(all)-238(the)-239(meaner)-238(trades,)-241(from)-238(which)-238(Roman)-238(pride)-238(shrank)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.76 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 113.947 Td [(608)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(On)-273(the)-272(Augustales)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.095 0 Td [(v.)-273(Orell.)-318(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.8 0 Td [(ii.)-318(p.)-318(197;)-284(iii.)-318(p.)-318(427;)-284(Friedl\344nder,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 124.851 0 Td [(Cena)]TJ -261.702 -10.959 Td [(Trim.)-435(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.57 0 Td [(p.)-435(39;)-343(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.728 0 Td [(R\366m.)-435(Staatsverw.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.972 0 Td [(i.)-435(513)-312(sqq.;)-343(Nessling,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 81.703 0 Td [(De)-312(Seviris)]TJ -242.973 -10.958 Td [(Augustalibus.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.311 Td [(609)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(v.)-308(13,)-274(6,)-274(et)-269(libertinas)-269(arca)-269(flagellat)-269(opes;)-279(cf.)-308(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 177.985 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.617 0 Td [(27,)-274(\247)-269(5,)-274(patrimonium)]TJ -204.558 -10.959 Td [(libertini.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 684 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 685 0 R /Resources 683 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 667 0 R >> endobj 68 0 obj << /D [684 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 680 0 obj << /D [684 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 683 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 688 0 obj << /Length 5251 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(126)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(contemptuously,)-380(but,)-379(by)-354(industry,)-380(shrewdness,)-380(and)-353(speculative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(daring,)-398(they)-369(are)-369(becoming)-369(great)-368(capitalists)-369(and)-369(landowners)-368(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-401(senatorial)-401(scale.)-704(The)-401(Trimalchio)-401(of)-401(Petronius,)-439(who)-401(has)-401(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-352(seen)-351(some)-352(of)-351(his)-352(estates,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.818 3.958 Td [(610)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.566 -3.958 Td [(if)-352(we)-351(allow)-352(for)-351(some)-352(artistic)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -225.139 0 Td [([101])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(exaggeration,)-302(is)-291(undoubtedly)-292(the)-291(representative)-291(of)-292(a)-291(great)-291(class.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-207(the)-208(reign)-207(of)-207(Nero,)-216(a)-207(debate)-208(arose)-207(in)-207(the)-208(Senate)-207(on)-207(the)-207(insolence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-409(misconduct)-410(of)-409(freedmen.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.462 3.959 Td [(611)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.399 -3.959 Td [(And)-409(it)-410(was)-409(argued)-410(by)-409(those)]TJ -152.861 -13.549 Td [(opposed)-419(to)-419(any)-418(violent)-419(measures)-419(of)-419(repression,)-461(that)-419(the)-418(class)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-236(widely)-237(diffused;)-241(they)-236(were)-236(found)-237(in)-236(overwhelming)-236(numbers)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-415(the)-415(city)-415(tribes,)-456(in)-415(the)-415(lower)-415(offices)-415(of)-414(the)-415(civil)-415(service,)-456(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-270(establishments)-271(of)-270(the)-270(magistrates)-270(and)-271(priests;)-280(a)-270(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(number)-351(even)-350(of)-351(the)-351(knights)-350(and)-351(Senate)-351(drew)-350(their)-351(origin)-350(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-323(source.)-468(If)-323(freedmen)-322(were)-323(marked)-323(off)-322(sharply)-323(as)-323(a)-322(separate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grade,)-420(the)-386(scanty)-387(numbers)-386(of)-386(the)-386(freeborn)-386(would)-386(be)-386(revealed.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(In)-407(the)-407(reigns)-407(of)-407(Claudius)-407(and)-407(Nero)-407(especially,)-446(freedmen)-407(rose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-509(the)-509(highest)-508(places)-509(in)-509(the)-509(imperial)-508(service,)-574(sometimes)-508(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unquestionable)-322(knowledge,)-340(tact,)-341(and)-322(ability,)-340(sometimes)-322(by)-322(less)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(creditable)-213(arts.)-238(The)-213(promotion)-213(of)-213(a)-213(Narcissus)-213(or)-213(a)-213(Pallas)-213(was)-213(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-286(stroke)-286(of)-286(policy,)-295(the)-286(assertion)-286(of)-286(the)-286(prince)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.447 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-286(independence)-286(of)]TJ -201.08 -13.55 Td [(a)-245(jealous)-246(nobility.)-248(The)-245(rule)-246(of)-245(the)-245(freedmen)-246(was)-245(a)-245(bitter)-245(memory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-408(the)-407(Senate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.524 3.959 Td [(612)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.34 -3.959 Td [(The)-408(scorn)-407(of)-408(Pliny)-408(for)-407(Pallas)-408(expresses)-408(the)]TJ -82.864 -13.549 Td [(long)-306(pent-up)-306(feelings)-307(of)-306(his)-306(order;)-334(it)-307(is)-306(a)-306(belated)-306(vengeance)-306(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(humiliation)-290(they)-289(endured)-290(in)-289(the)-290(evil)-289(days)-290(when)-289(they)-289(heaped)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ridiculous)-275(flattery)-275(on)-275(the)-275(favourite,)-281(and)-275(voted)-275(him)-275(a)-275(fortune)-275(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-368(statue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.034 3.959 Td [(613)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.035 -3.959 Td [(Some)-368(part)-367(of)-368(the)-368(joy)-368(with)-368(which)-367(the)-368(accession)-368(of)]TJ -56.069 -13.549 Td [(Trajan)-237(was)-237(hailed)-236(by)-237(the)-237(aristocracy)-237(was)-237(due)-236(to)-237(the)-237(hope)-237(that)-236(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(despised)-213(interlopers)-212(would)-213(be)-213(relegated)-212(to)-213(their)-213(proper)-212(obscurity.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus)-248(is)-247(undoubtedly)-248(glancing)-247(at)-247(the)-248(Claudian)-247(r\351gime)-248(when)-247(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grimly)-229(congratulates)-230(the)-229(Germans)-229(on)-229(the)-230(fact)-229(that)-229(their)-229(freedmen)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.269 Td [(610)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.543 -7.311 Td [(611)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.88 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.581 0 Td [(xiii.)-803(27,)-480(si)-434(separarentur)-435(libertini)-434(manifestam)-434(fore)-435(penuriam)]TJ -55.417 -10.959 Td [(ingenuorum.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(612)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(88.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.036 -7.311 Td [(613)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vii.)-250(29;)-250(viii)-250(6.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 687 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 688 0 R /Resources 686 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 667 0 R >> endobj 689 0 obj << /D [687 0 R /XYZ 93.543 477.528 null] >> endobj 686 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 693 0 obj << /Length 6471 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(127)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(are)-374(little)-374(above)-374(the)-374(level)-374(of)-374(slaves,)-405(that)-374(they)-374(have)-374(seldom)-374(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-250(in)-250(the)-250(family,)-250(and)-250(never)-250(in)-250(the)-250(State.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.455 3.959 Td [(614)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -176.499 -18.426 Td [(It)-323(shows)-324(the)-323(immense)-323(force)-323(of)-324(old)-323(Roman)-323(conservatism)-324(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-409(social)-408(prejudice)-409(which)-409(is)-409(the)-408(same)-409(from)-409(age)-408(to)-409(age,)-448(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-245(so)-244(cultivated,)-246(yet)-244(of)-245(such)-244(widely)-245(different)-244(temperament)-244(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(associations)-405(as)-405(Pliny)-405(and)-406(Tacitus,)-444(Juvenal)-405(and)-405(Martial)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.005 3.959 Td [(615)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.873 -3.959 Td [(and)]TJ -264.878 -13.549 Td [(Petronius,)-294(denounce)-285(or)-286(ridicule)-285(an)-285(irresistible)-285(social)-285(movement.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(We)-316(can)-315(now)-316(see)-315(that)-316(the)-315(rise)-316(of)-315(the)-316(emancipated)-315(slave)-316(was)-315(not)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([102])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(only)-317(inevitable,)-333(but)-316(that)-317(it)-317(was,)-333(on)-316(the)-317(whole,)-333(salutary)-317(and)-316(rich)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-415(promise)-415(for)-415(the)-414(future.)-745(The)-415(slave)-415(class)-415(of)-415(antiquity)-414(really)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corresponded)-239(to)-238(our)-239(free)-238(labouring)-239(class.)-246(But,)-241(unlike)-238(the)-239(mass)-238(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-298(artisans,)-310(it)-299(contained)-298(many)-298(who,)-310(from)-299(accident)-298(of)-298(birth)-298(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(education,)-318(had)-305(a)-305(skill)-305(and)-304(knowledge)-305(which)-305(their)-305(masters)-304(often)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(did)-188(not)-189(possess.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.451 3.959 Td [(616)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.957 -3.959 Td [(The)-189(slaves)-188(who)-189(came)-188(from)-189(the)-188(ancient)-189(seats)-188(of)]TJ -82.408 -13.549 Td [(civilisation)-209(in)-209(the)-208(East)-209(are)-209(not)-209(to)-208(be)-209(compared)-209(with)-209(the)-209(dark)-208(gross)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(races)-272(who)-271(seem)-272(to)-271(be)-272(stamped)-272(by)-271(nature)-272(as)-272(of)-271(an)-272(inferior)-271(breed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This)-212(frequent)-211(mental)-212(and)-212(moral)-211(equality)-212(of)-211(the)-212(Roman)-212(slave)-211(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-189(master)-190(had)-190(forced)-189(itself)-190(upon)-189(men)-190(of)-189(the)-190(detached)-189(philosophic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(class,)-207(like)-196(Seneca,)-207(and)-196(on)-196(kindly)-196(aristocrats,)-207(like)-196(Pliny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.622 3.959 Td [(617)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.985 -3.959 Td [(It)-196(must)]TJ -250.607 -13.549 Td [(have)-237(been)-236(hard)-237(to)-236(sit)-237(long)-237(hours)-236(in)-237(the)-237(library)-236(beside)-237(a)-236(cultivated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slave-amanuensis,)-432(or)-395(to)-396(discuss)-395(the)-396(management)-395(of)-396(lands)-395(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mines)-244(and)-243(quarries)-244(with)-244(a)-244(shrewd,)-245(well-informed)-243(slave-agent,)-245(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-220(be)-221(charmed)-220(by)-220(the)-221(grace)-220(and)-220(wit)-221(of)-220(some)-220(fair,)-227(frail)-220(daughter)-220(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Ionia,)-234(without)-231(having)-231(some)-230(doubts)-231(raised)-231(as)-230(to)-231(the)-231(eternal)-230(justice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-345(such)-344(an)-345(institution.)-534(Nay,)-369(it)-345(is)-344(certain)-345(that)-345(slaves)-345(were)-344(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treated)-260(as)-260(friends,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.461 3.959 Td [(618)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.315 -3.959 Td [(and)-260(received)-260(freedom)-259(and)-260(a)-260(liberal)-260(bequest)]TJ -92.776 -13.549 Td [(at)-280(their)-280(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.07 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-280(death.)-341(Many)-280(educated)-280(slaves,)-288(as)-280(we)-281(have)-280(seen,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.202 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 147.39 Td [(614)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.863 0 Td [(Germ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.547 0 Td [(25,)-619(liberti)-545(non)-545(multum)-545(supra)-546(servos)-545(sunt,)-619(raro)-545(aliquod)]TJ -65.366 -10.959 Td [(momentum)-250(in)-250(domo,)-250(nunquam)-250(in)-250(civitate.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.394 Td [(615)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(ii.)-250(29;)-250(iii.)-250(29;)-250(xi.)-250(37;)-250(iii.)-250(82;)-250(v.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(616)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Ill.)-250(Gram.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(xiii.,)-250(xvii.,)-250(xx.;)-250(cf.)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.659 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(158.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -180.569 -7.311 Td [(617)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.428 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.609 0 Td [(47,)-273(\247)-268(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.011 0 Td [(De)-268(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.438 0 Td [(i.)-305(18,)-273(3;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.592 0 Td [(De)-268(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.452 0 Td [(iii.)-305(21;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.405 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.61 0 Td [(77,)-273(\247)-268(31;)-278(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.926 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -268.427 -10.958 Td [(viii.)-250(16,)-250(1;)-250(iii.)-250(19,)-250(7;)-250(ii.)-250(17,)-250(9;)-250(cf.)-250(Juv.)-250(xiv.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.311 Td [(618)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.434 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.945 0 Td [(47,)-320(servi)-306(sunt,)-319(immo)-306(humiles)-306(amici.)-417(Cf.)-418(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 183.841 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.443 0 Td [(i.)-417(11,)-320(12;)]TJ -246.619 -10.959 Td [(Eurip.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.407 0 Td [(Ion)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(,)-250(854;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(Helen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(730;)-250(Wallon,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.064 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Esclav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(iii.)-250(22.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 692 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 693 0 R /Resources 691 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 695 0 R >> endobj 694 0 obj << /D [692 0 R /XYZ 208.617 422.413 null] >> endobj 691 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 698 0 obj << /Length 5456 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(128)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(rose)-234(to)-233(distinction)-234(and)-234(fortune)-233(as)-234(teachers)-234(and)-233(physicians.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.745 3.959 Td [(619)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.122 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.549 Td [(the)-320(field)-320(of)-320(trade)-320(and)-319(industry)-320(was)-320(the)-320(most)-320(open)-320(and)-320(the)-319(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tempting.)-564(The)-355(Senator)-355(was)-355(forbidden,)-381(down)-354(to)-355(the)-355(last)-355(age)-354(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(Empire,)-357(both)-335(by)-335(law)-335(and)-335(sentiment,)-357(to)-335(increase)-335(his)-335(fortune)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-246(commerce.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.759 3.959 Td [(620)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.167 -3.959 Td [(The)-246(plebeian,)-247(saturated)-246(with)-247(Roman)-246(prejudice,)]TJ -76.926 -13.549 Td [(looking)-240(for)-240(support)-239(to)-240(the)-240(granaries)-240(of)-240(the)-239(state)-240(or)-240(the)-240(dole)-240(of)-239(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wealthy)-268(patron,)-272(turned)-267(with)-268(disdain)-268(from)-267(occupations)-268(which)-267(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-357(our)-356(days)-357(thought)-356(innocent,)-384(if)-356(not)-357(honourable.)-570(Juvenal)-356(feels)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(almost)-223(as)-223(much)-223(scorn)-223(for)-223(the)-223(auctioneer)-223(and)-223(undertaker)-223(as)-223(he)-223(has)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-256(the)-255(pander,)-257(and)-256(treats)-256(almost)-255(as)-256(a)-256(criminal)-255(the)-256(merchant)-255(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(braves)-189(the)-188(wintry)-189(Aegean)-189(with)-189(a)-188(cargo)-189(of)-189(wine)-189(from)-188(Crete.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 250.52 3.959 Td [(621)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.957 -3.959 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(friend)-323(Umbricius,)-340(worsted)-323(in)-323(the)-322(social)-323(struggle,)-341(and)-322(preparing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-265(quit)-266(Rome)-265(for)-265(a)-266(retreat)-265(in)-265(Campania,)-269(among)-266(the)-265(other)-265(objects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-356(his)-356(plebeian)-356(scorn,)-383(is)-356(specially)-356(disgusted)-356(with)-356(the)-356(low)-356(tribe)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([103])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(who)-307(contract)-308(for)-307(the)-307(building)-307(of)-308(a)-307(house,)-321(or)-308(who)-307(farm)-307(the)-307(dues)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-411(a)-411(port)-410(or)-411(undertake)-411(to)-411(cleanse)-410(a)-411(river-bed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.601 3.959 Td [(622)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.442 -3.959 Td [(There)-411(is)-410(no)]TJ -228.043 -13.549 Td [(room)-364(left)-364(in)-364(Rome)-363(for)-364(men)-364(who)-364(will)-364(not)-364(soil)-364(themselves)-363(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-317(sordid)-317(trades.)-451(Manifestly,)-334(if)-317(the)-317(satirist)-317(is)-316(not)-317(burlesquing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-398(feeling)-398(of)-398(his)-398(class,)-435(there)-398(was)-398(plenty)-398(of)-398(room)-398(left)-398(for)-397(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vigorous)-286(freedman)-285(who)-286(could)-285(accept)-286(Vespasian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 210.674 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-286(motto)-285(that)-286(no)]TJ -214.307 -13.549 Td [(gain)-344(is)-343(unsavoury.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.732 3.959 Td [(623)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.242 -3.959 Td [(But)-343(those)-344(men)-344(had)-343(not)-344(only)-343(commercial)]TJ -99.974 -13.549 Td [(tact)-297(and)-296(ability,)-308(the)-297(wit)-297(to)-296(see)-297(where)-296(money)-297(was)-297(to)-296(be)-297(made)-296(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seizing)-277(new)-277(openings)-277(and)-277(unoccupied)-277(fields)-277(for)-277(enterprise;)-290(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-356(also)-357(among)-356(them)-356(men)-356(of)-357(great)-356(ambitions,)-383(men)-356(capable)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-338(affairs.)-514(It)-338(required)-338(no)-338(common)-338(deftness,)-360(suppleness,)-360(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vigilant)-213(energy)-212(for)-213(an)-213(old)-212(slave)-213(to)-213(work)-212(his)-213(way)-213(upwards)-212(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-230(grades)-231(of)-230(the)-230(imperial)-231(chancery,)-234(to)-230(thread)-231(the)-230(maze)-230(of)-230(deadly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intrigue,)-267(in)-264(the)-264(reigns)-264(of)-263(Claudius)-264(or)-264(Nero,)-267(and)-264(to)-264(emerge)-264(at)-263(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-366(master)-367(of)-366(the)-367(palace.)-599(Yet)-367(one)-366(of)-367(these)-366(freedmen)-366(ministers,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.43 Td [(619)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(supra,)-250(p.)-250(92.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.171 -7.311 Td [(620)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(69.)-250(16;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.527 0 Td [(C.)-250(Th.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(1,)-250(21;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.015 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i)-250(197.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -205.99 -7.311 Td [(621)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xiv.)-250(270.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(622)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(623)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xxiii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 697 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 698 0 R /Resources 696 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 695 0 R /Annots [ 690 0 R ] >> endobj 690 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.867 107.333 155.8 118.452] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg92) >> >> endobj 699 0 obj << /D [697 0 R /XYZ 205.667 342.036 null] >> endobj 696 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 702 0 obj << /Length 4990 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(129)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(when)-297(he)-296(died,)-308(had)-297(served)-296(ten)-297(emperors,)-308(six)-297(of)-296(whom)-297(had)-296(come)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-454(a)-454(violent)-454(end.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.975 3.959 Td [(624)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.856 -3.959 Td [(That)-454(a)-454(class)-454(so)-454(despised)-454(and)-454(depressed)]TJ -98.831 -13.549 Td [(should)-335(rise)-334(to)-335(control)-334(the)-335(trade,)-355(and)-335(even)-334(the)-335(administration)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(Empire,)-284(furnishes)-277(a)-277(presumption)-277(that)-277(they)-277(were)-278(needed,)-283(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-250(they)-250(were)-250(not)-250(unworthy)-250(of)-250(their)-250(destiny.)]TJ 11.956 -18.621 Td [(Yet)-173(however)-172(inevitable,)-188(or)-173(even)-172(desirable,)-188(this)-173(great)-172(revolution)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(may)-220(seem)-220(to)-219(the)-220(cool)-220(critic)-220(of)-220(the)-219(twentieth)-220(century,)-226(it)-220(is)-219(possible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that,)-434(had)-397(he)-397(lived)-397(in)-397(the)-397(first,)-434(he)-397(might)-397(have)-397(denounced)-397(it)-397(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vigorously)-478(as)-478(Juvenal.)-935(The)-478(literary)-478(and)-478(artistic)-478(spirit,)-535(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(living)-443(in)-443(a)-443(past)-443(golden)-443(age,)-491(and)-443(remotely)-443(detached)-443(from)-443(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(movements)-416(going)-415(on)-416(around)-416(it,)-457(is)-416(prone)-415(to)-416(regard)-416(them)-415(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(uneasy)-253(suspicion.)-259(It)-252(is)-253(moved)-253(by)-253(sacred)-253(sentiment,)-254(by)-252(memories)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-460(distant)-459(ideals,)-513(by)-459(fastidious)-460(taste,)-512(which)-460(expresses)-459(itself)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(often)-328(with)-328(passionate)-328(hatred)-327(for)-328(what)-328(seems)-328(to)-328(it)-327(revolutionary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sacrilege.)-235(It)-204(is)-204(also)-204(apt)-204(to)-204(fasten)-204(on)-204(the)-204(more)-204(grotesque)-204(and)-204(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(traits)-465(of)-464(any)-465(great)-465(popular)-464(movement,)-519(and)-464(to)-465(use)-465(a)-464(finished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(skill)-366(in)-365(making)-366(it)-365(ridiculous.)-597(It)-366(was)-365(in)-366(this)-365(way)-366(that)-365(literature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treated)-281(the)-281(freedmen.)-343(They)-281(had)-281(many)-281(gross)-281(and)-281(palpable)-281(faults;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-393(were)-393(old)-393(slaves)-393(and)-393(Orientals;)-465(as)-393(they)-393(rose)-393(in)-393(the)-393(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-383(were)-382(eager)-383(for)-383(money,)-415(and)-383(they)-383(got)-382(it;)-449(they)-383(were,)-415(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-412(them,)-452(naturally)-411(vulgar,)-452(and)-412(they)-412(paraded)-411(their)-412(new)-411(wealth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-238(execrable)-237(taste,)-241(and)-237(trampled)-238(on)-238(better,)-240(though)-237(poorer,)-240(men)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([104])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(than)-274(themselves,)-279(Juvenal)-273(and)-274(Martial,)-279(by)-274(birth)-273(and)-273(associations,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-365(little)-364(in)-365(common)-364(with)-365(that)-365(accomplished)-364(exquisite)-365(of)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Neronian)-476(circle)-477(who)-476(has)-476(painted)-476(with)-477(the)-476(power)-476(of)-476(careless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(genius)-291(the)-291(household)-291(of)-291(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 124.95 0 Td [(parvenu)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.923 0 Td [(Trimalchio.)-373(Yet)-291(they)-291(have)]TJ -163.873 -13.549 Td [(an)-304(equal)-304(scorn)-303(or)-304(detestation)-304(for)-304(the)-303(new)-304(man)-304(who)-304(was)-303(forcing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-223(way)-223(from)-223(the)-222(lowest)-223(debasement)-223(of)-223(servile)-223(life)-223(to)-223(fortune)-222(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power.)-248(But)-244(the)-244(embittered)-243(man)-244(of)-244(letters,)-245(humiliated)-244(by)-243(poverty,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(yet)-316(brimful)-315(of)-316(Roman)-315(pride,)-332(avenges)-316(his)-316(ideals)-315(with)-316(a)-315(rougher,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heavier)-367(hand)-367(than)-368(the)-367(Epicurean)-367(noble,)-397(who)-367(had)-367(joined)-367(in)-367(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Noctes)-177(Neronis)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.759 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.77 0 Td [(with)-177(a)-176(delicate,)-191(scornful)-177(cynicism,)-191(who)-177(was)-176(too)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 69.951 Td [(624)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(iii.)-250(3,)-250(83,)-250(Tu)-250(toties)-250(mutata)-250(ducum)-250(juga)-250(rite)-250(tulisti)-250(Integer,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 701 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 702 0 R /Resources 700 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 695 0 R >> endobj 703 0 obj << /D [701 0 R /XYZ 156.835 228.57 null] >> endobj 700 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 706 0 obj << /Length 5046 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(130)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(disillusioned,)-264(and)-262(too)-261(fastidiously)-262(contemptuous,)-264(to)-262(waste)-261(anger)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-262(what)-262(he)-262(despised.)-286(Juvenal)-262(would)-262(blast)-262(and)-262(wither)-262(the)-262(objects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-294(his)-295(hatred.)-383(Petronius)-295(takes)-294(the)-295(surer)-294(method)-295(of)-294(making)-294(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people)-370(supremely)-370(ridiculous.)-610(The)-370(feeling)-370(of)-370(men)-370(like)-370(Juvenal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-423(Martial)-423(is)-423(a)-422(mixture)-423(of)-423(contempt)-423(and)-423(envy)-423(and)-422(outraged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taste.)-758(The)-420(Grub)-419(Street)-420(man)-419(of)-420(letters)-419(in)-420(those)-419(days)-419(despised)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plodding)-382(industry)-382(because)-382(he)-383(dearly)-382(loved)-382(fits)-382(of)-382(idleness;)-448(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hated)-186(wealth)-187(because)-186(he)-186(was)-186(poor.)-229(The)-186(polished)-187(man)-186(of)-186(the)-186(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-235(alternately)-236(amused)-235(and)-236(disgusted)-235(by)-235(the)-236(spectacle)-235(of)-235(sudden)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fortune)-240(accumulated)-241(by)-240(happy)-240(chance)-241(or)-240(unscrupulous)-240(arts,)-242(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-405(tradition)-405(of)-404(dignity)-405(to)-405(gild)-405(its)-404(grossness,)-444(yet)-405(affecting)-404(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(burlesquing)-367(the)-368(tastes)-367(of)-367(a)-368(world)-367(from)-367(which)-368(it)-367(was)-367(separated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-396(an)-396(impassable)-397(gulf.)-688(There)-396(is)-396(more)-397(moral)-396(sentiment,)-432(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-400(Roman)-399(feeling,)-437(in)-399(the)-400(declamation)-399(of)-400(Juvenal)-399(than)-400(in)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cold)-335(artistic)-335(scorn)-336(of)-335(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 112.81 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.004 0 Td [(;)-378(there)-335(is)-335(also)-335(more)-335(personal)]TJ -152.814 -13.549 Td [(and)-353(class)-353(feeling.)-559(The)-353(triumph)-353(of)-353(mere)-353(money)-353(is)-353(to)-353(Juvenal)-353(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personal)-392(affront)-392(as)-392(well)-393(as)-392(a)-392(moral)-392(catastrophe.)-676(Poverty)-392(now)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(makes)-254(a)-255(man)-254(ridiculous.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.193 3.959 Td [(625)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.326 -3.959 Td [(It)-254(blocks)-255(the)-254(path)-255(of)-254(the)-255(finest)-254(merit.)]TJ -121.519 -13.549 Td [(The)-334(rich)-334(freedman)-334(who)-335(claims)-334(the)-334(foremost)-334(place)-334(at)-334(a)-334(lev\351e)-334(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(equally)-219(objectionable)-220(because)-219(he)-219(was)-220(born)-219(on)-220(the)-219(Euphrates,)-225(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(because)-273(he)-273(is)-273(the)-273(owner)-273(of)-273(five)-273(taverns)-273(which)-273(yield)-272(HS.400,000)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-338(year.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30.034 3.959 Td [(626)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.063 -3.959 Td [(The)-338(impoverished)-338(knight)-338(must)-338(quit)-338(his)-338(old)-338(place)-339(on)]TJ -48.097 -13.549 Td [(the)-394(benches)-395(to)-394(make)-394(way)-395(for)-394(some)-394(auctioneer)-395(or)-394(pimp,)-430(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-435(slave)-435(from)-434(the)-435(Nile)-435(who)-435(stalks)-434(in)-435(with)-435(purple)-435(robes)-434(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bejewelled)-275(fingers,)-281(and)-275(hair)-274(reeking)-275(with)-275(unguents.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.281 3.958 Td [(627)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.992 -3.958 Td [(The)-275(only)]TJ -241.273 -13.55 Td [(refuge)-279(will)-278(soon)-279(be)-279(some)-278(half-deserted)-279(village)-279(on)-278(old-fashioned)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([105])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(Sabine)-399(ground,)-435(where)-399(the)-398(country)-399(folk)-399(sit)-398(side)-399(by)-398(side)-399(in)-398(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-324(white)-325(tunics)-324(with)-324(their)-325(aediles)-324(in)-324(the)-325(grassy)-324(theatre.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 256.352 3.959 Td [(628)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.613 -3.959 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.549 Td [(is)-294(evident)-295(from)-294(Juvenal,)-306(Martial,)-305(and)-294(Petronius)-295(that)-294(the)-294(popular)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.269 Td [(625)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-304(iii.)-305(153,)-273(Nil)-268(habet)-268(infelix)-268(paupertas)-268(durius)-268(in)-269(se,)-272(Quam)-268(quod)-269(ridiculos)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(homines)-250(facit;)-250(164.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(626)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(i.)-250(104.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(627)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(i.)-250(26;)-250(iv.)-250(108.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(628)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(173.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 705 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 706 0 R /Resources 704 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 695 0 R >> endobj 707 0 obj << /D [705 0 R /XYZ 124.445 179.445 null] >> endobj 704 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 710 0 obj << /Length 5405 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(131)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(hostility)-366(to)-366(the)-366(new)-367(men)-366(was)-366(partly)-366(the)-366(result)-366(of)-366(envy)-366(at)-366(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(success,)-517(partly)-464(of)-463(disgust)-464(at)-464(their)-463(parade)-464(of)-464(it.)-891(Juvenal)-463(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Martial)-234(are)-234(often)-234(probably)-234(dressing)-234(up)-234(the)-234(rough)-234(epigrams)-234(of)-234(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crowd.)-509(We)-336(can)-336(almost)-337(hear)-336(the)-336(contemptuous)-337(growl)-336(as)-336(one)-336(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(these)-248(people,)-249(suspected)-248(of)-248(a)-248(dark)-248(crime,)-248(sweeps)-248(by)-248(in)-248(his)-248(downy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sedan.)-800(That)-434(other)-433(noble)-433(knight)-434(used)-433(to)-433(hawk)-434(the)-433(cheap)-433(fish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-329(his)-330(native)-329(Egypt,)-349(and)-329(now)-329(possesses)-330(a)-329(palace)-329(towering)-329(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-409(Forum,)-449(with)-409(far-spreading)-410(colonnades)-409(and)-409(acres)-409(of)-409(shady)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(groves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.811 3.958 Td [(629)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.251 -3.958 Td [(A)-344(eunuch)-344(minister)-343(has)-344(reared)-344(a)-344(pile)-344(which)-343(out-tops)]TJ -50.062 -13.55 Td [(the)-286(Capitol.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.31 3.959 Td [(630)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.371 -3.959 Td [(Fellows)-286(who)-287(used)-286(to)-286(blow)-287(the)-286(horn)-287(in)-286(the)-286(circus)]TJ -67.681 -13.549 Td [(of)-445(country)-444(towns)-445(now)-445(give)-445(gladiatorial)-444(shows)-445(themselves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(631)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Prejudice)-365(or)-365(envy)-365(may)-364(not)-365(improbably)-365(have)-365(invented)-365(some)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-218(tales)-218(of)-218(crime)-217(and)-218(turpitude)-218(by)-218(which)-218(these)-218(fortunes)-218(had)-217(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(won.)-245(Rome)-237(was)-236(a)-236(city)-236(of)-236(poisonous)-237(rumour.)-245(Yet)-236(slavery)-236(was)-236(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-291(nursery)-291(of)-292(virtue,)-301(and)-291(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 123.083 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.18 0 Td [(leaves)-291(the)-291(impression)-292(that)]TJ -166.263 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(emancipated)-259(slave)-259(too)-259(often)-259(imitated)-259(the)-259(vices)-259(of)-259(his)-258(master.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-195(poisoner,)-205(the)-195(perjurer,)-206(the)-194(minion,)-206(were)-195(probably)-194(to)-195(be)-194(found)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-254(the)-255(rising)-254(class.)-262(After)-255(their)-254(kind)-254(in)-254(all)-255(ages,)-255(they)-254(looked)-254(down)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-214(vulgar)-213(insolence)-214(on)-213(those)-214(less)-214(fortunate)-213(or)-214(more)-213(scrupulous.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(When)-242(they)-243(rose)-242(to)-243(the)-242(highest)-242(place,)-244(the)-243(imperial)-242(freedmen)-242(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-291(involved)-291(in)-291(peculation)-291(and)-291(criminal)-291(intrigue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 222.358 3.959 Td [(632)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.521 -3.959 Td [(Yet,)-301(after)]TJ -238.879 -13.549 Td [(all)-302(reservations,)-316(the)-302(ascent)-303(of)-302(the)-303(freedmen)-302(remains)-303(a)-302(great)-302(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beneficent)-187(revolution.)-229(The)-187(very)-186(reasons)-187(which)-187(made)-187(Juvenal)-186(hate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-214(most)-215(are)-214(its)-214(best)-214(justification)-215(to)-214(a)-214(modern)-215(mind.)-238(It)-214(gave)-214(hope)-214(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-262(future)-261(to)-261(the)-262(slave;)-267(by)-262(creating)-261(a)-262(free)-261(industrial)-262(class,)-264(it)-261(helped)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-318(break)-317(down)-318(the)-317(cramped)-318(social)-317(ideal)-318(of)-317(the)-318(slave-owner)-317(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-196(soldier;)-214(it)-196(planted)-196(in)-196(every)-196(municipality)-196(a)-196(vigorous)-196(mercantile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class,)-218(who)-210(were)-210(often)-210(excellent)-210(and)-211(generous)-210(citizens.)-236(Above)-210(all,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-242(asserted)-241(the)-242(dignity)-242(of)-241(man.)-248(The)-241(vehement)-242(iteration)-242(of)-241(Juvenal)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.269 Td [(629)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(iv.)-250(5,)-250(23;)-250(vii.)-250(180.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(630)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-468(xiv.)-469(91,)-341(Ut)-323(spado)-322(vincebat)-323(Capitolia)-323(nostra)-323(Posides;)-359(cf.)-468(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 244.51 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -256.466 -10.959 Td [(xxviii.;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.841 0 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(xxxi.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.011 -7.31 Td [(631)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(34)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(632)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(37;)-250(xii.)-250(25,)-250(65;)-250(xi.)-250(29;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 111.847 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(lxvii.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lix.)-250(29.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 709 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 710 0 R /Resources 708 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 695 0 R >> endobj 708 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 713 0 obj << /Length 5285 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(132)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-341(the)-342(best)-341(testimony)-342(to)-341(the)-341(sweep)-342(and)-341(force)-342(of)-341(the)-341(movement.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-213(the)-213(later)-212(student)-213(of)-213(Roman)-213(society)-212(cannot)-213(afford)-213(to)-213(neglect)-212(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([106])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(great)-200(social)-200(upheaval)-199(which,)-210(in)-200(an)-200(aristocratic)-200(society,)-209(dominated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-197(pride)-196(of)-197(class)-196(and)-197(race,)-207(made)-197(an)-196(Oriental)-197(slave)-196(first)-197(minister)-196(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-297(greatest)-296(monarchy)-297(in)-297(history,)-308(while)-297(it)-296(placed)-297(men)-297(of)-296(servile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(origin)-223(in)-223(command)-223(of)-222(nearly)-223(all)-223(the)-223(industrial)-223(arts)-223(and)-222(commerce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(time.)]TJ 11.956 -15.197 Td [(The)-397(reign)-396(of)-397(the)-397(freedman)-397(in)-396(public)-397(affairs)-397(began)-397(with)-396(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(foundation)-287(of)-286(the)-287(Empire,)-296(when)-286(Julius)-287(Caesar)-286(installed)-287(some)-286(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-408(household)-407(as)-408(officers)-408(of)-407(the)-408(mint.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.818 3.959 Td [(633)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.34 -3.959 Td [(The)-408(emperor)-407(in)-408(the)]TJ -192.158 -13.549 Td [(first)-432(century)-432(was,)-477(theoretically)-432(at)-432(least,)-478(only)-432(the)-432(first)-431(citizen,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-367(his)-368(household)-367(was)-367(modelled)-367(on)-367(the)-368(fashion)-367(of)-367(other)-367(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(houses.)-231(In)-193(the)-192(management)-193(of)-193(those)-193(vast)-193(senatori)1(al)-193(estates,)-204(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-281(often)-281(scattered)-281(over)-281(three)-280(continents,)-289(there)-281(was)-281(need)-281(of)-280(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elaborate)-297(organisation,)-309(and)-297(freedmen)-297(of)-297(education)-297(and)-297(business)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capacity)-276(were)-276(employed)-275(to)-276(administer)-276(such)-275(private)-276(realms.)-327(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-335(the)-335(organisation)-334(of)-335(a)-335(great)-335(household,)-356(there)-335(was)-335(a)-334(hierarchy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-340(office)-340(which)-340(offered)-340(a)-340(career)-340(to)-340(the)-340(shrewd)-340(and)-339(trustworthy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(slave.)-320(Many)-274(such)-273(careers)-273(can)-274(be)-273(traced)-273(in)-274(the)-273(inscriptions,)-279(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-215(post)-214(of)-215(valet)-215(or)-214(groom)-215(of)-215(the)-214(bedchamber,)-222(through)-215(the)-214(offices)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-297(master)-297(of)-297(the)-297(jewels)-296(and)-297(the)-297(wardrobe,)-309(superintendent)-297(of)-296(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carriages)-250(or)-250(the)-250(vineyards,)-250(up)-250(to)-250(the)-250(highest)-250(financial)-250(control.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 267.523 3.959 Td [(634)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -255.567 -19.156 Td [(During)-202(the)-202(first)-203(century)-202(the)-202(same)-202(system)-203(was)-202(transferred)-202(to)-202(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-209(administration.)-236(It)-209(suited)-208(the)-209(cautious)-209(policy)-209(of)-208(Augustus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-203(disguise)-202(his)-203(vast)-202(powers)-203(under)-203(the)-202(quiet)-203(exterior)-202(of)-203(an)-202(ordinary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noble;)-235(and)-228(the)-228(freedmen)-227(of)-228(his)-228(household)-227(carried)-228(on)-228(the)-227(business)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-453(the)-453(State.)-858(He)-453(sternly)-452(punished)-453(any)-453(excesses)-453(or)-452(treachery)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-260(his)-260(servants.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 86.574 3.959 Td [(635)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.506 -3.959 Td [(Tiberius)-260(gave)-260(them)-260(little)-260(power,)-262(until)-260(his)]TJ -102.08 -13.549 Td [(character)-259(began)-260(to)-259(deteriorate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.372 3.959 Td [(636)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.487 -3.959 Td [(Under)-259(Caligula,)-262(Claudius,)-262(and)]TJ -147.859 -13.549 Td [(Nero,)-324(the)-308(imperial)-309(freedmen)-309(attained)-309(their)-309(greatest)-308(ascendency.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.394 Td [(633)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Jul.)-250(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(lxxvi.;)-250(cf.)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.765 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(56)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -178.078 -7.311 Td [(634)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(For)-250(such)-250(a)-250(career)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 75.183 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6344.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -124.244 -7.394 Td [(635)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(lxvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.027 -7.311 Td [(636)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(6.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 712 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 713 0 R /Resources 711 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 695 0 R >> endobj 714 0 obj << /D [712 0 R /XYZ 114.65 504.626 null] >> endobj 711 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 717 0 obj << /Length 5874 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(133)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Callistus,)-193(Narcissus,)-192(and)-178(Pallas)-178(rose)-179(to)-178(the)-178(rank)-178(of)-178(great)-178(ministers,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and,)-436(in)-399(the)-399(reign)-398(of)-399(Claudius,)-436(were)-399(practically)-399(masters)-399(of)-398(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world.)-826(They)-442(accumulated)-442(enormous)-442(wealth)-442(by)-442(abusing)-442(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power,)-263(and)-260(making)-261(a)-260(traffic)-260(in)-260(civic)-261(rights,)-263(in)-260(places)-260(or)-260(pardons.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Polyclitus,)-230(who)-224(was)-225(sent)-224(to)-225(compose)-224(the)-225(troubles)-224(in)-224(Britain)-225(in)-224(61)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.979 0 Td [(,)-240(travelled)-237(with)-237(an)-237(enormous)-237(train,)-239(and)-238(gave)-237(the)-237(provinces)-237(an)]TJ -15.979 -13.549 Td [(exhibition)-187(of)-187(the)-188(arrogance)-187(of)-187(their)-187(servile)-188(masters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.188 3.959 Td [(637)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.953 -3.959 Td [(Helius)-187(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.883 0 Td [([107])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(left)-288(to)-288(carry)-288(on)-288(the)-288(government)-288(during)-288(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 194.068 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-288(theatrical)-288(travels,)]TJ -197.701 -13.549 Td [(and)-334(the)-333(exhibitions)-334(of)-333(his)-333(artistic)-334(skill)-333(in)-334(Greece.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.086 3.958 Td [(638)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.913 -3.958 Td [(Galba)-334(put)]TJ -236.999 -13.55 Td [(to)-300(death)-300(two)-300(of)-300(the)-300(great)-301(freedmen)-300(of)-300(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 190.982 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-300(reign,)-313(but)-300(himself)]TJ -194.615 -13.549 Td [(fell)-251(under)-251(the)-251(influence)-250(of)-251(others)-251(as)-251(corrupt)-251(and)-251(arrogant,)-251(and)-250(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(showered)-250(the)-250(honours)-250(of)-250(rank)-250(on)-250(the)-250(infamous)-250(Icelus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.196 3.959 Td [(639)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -222.24 -17.508 Td [(It)-288(is)-288(curious)-288(that)-288(it)-287(was)-288(left)-288(for)-288(Vitellius)-288(to)-288(break)-288(the)-288(reign)-287(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-267(freedmen)-268(by)-267(assigning)-267(offices)-268(in)-267(the)-267(imperial)-268(bureaux)-267(to)-267(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(knights,)-348(the)-329(policy)-329(which)-329(was)-328(said)-329(to)-329(have)-329(been)-328(recommended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-222(Maecenas,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.675 3.959 Td [(640)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.937 -3.959 Td [(and)-222(which)-222(was)-222(destined)-223(t)1(o)-223(prevail)-222(in)-222(the)-222(second)]TJ -74.612 -13.549 Td [(century.)-822(But)-441(the)-441(change)-441(was)-441(very)-440(incomplete,)-489(and)-441(the)-440(brief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tragic)-329(reign)-328(of)-329(Vitellius)-329(was)-328(disgraced)-329(by)-329(the)-328(ascendency)-329(for)-328(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time)-351(of)-350(his)-351(minion)-351(Asiaticus,)-375(whom)-351(the)-351(Emperor)-350(raised)-351(to)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(highest)-290(honours,)-299(then)-289(sold)-290(into)-289(a)-290(troop)-289(of)-290(wandering)-289(gladiators,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-258(finally)-258(received)-259(back)-258(again)-258(into)-258(freedom)-258(and)-258(favour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.219 3.959 Td [(641)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.448 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(policy)-278(of)-279(the)-278(Flavian)-278(dynasty)-278(in)-278(the)-279(employment)-278(of)-278(freedmen)-278(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rather)-387(ambiguous.)-659(Vespasian)-387(is)-387(charged)-386(with)-387(having)-386(elevated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hormus,)-408(a)-376(disreputable)-377(member)-376(of)-376(the)-377(class,)-408(and)-376(with)-376(having)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(appointed)-364(to)-364(places)-363(of)-364(trust)-364(the)-364(most)-364(rapacious)-363(agents.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.961 3.959 Td [(642)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.906 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.549 Td [(this)-301(is)-300(probably)-301(a)-301(calumny)-300(of)-301(the)-301(Neronian)-300(and)-301(Othonian)-300(circle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-347(defamed)-347(their)-347(conqueror.)-541(Under)-347(Domitian,)-371(the)-347(freedmen,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Entellus)-365(and)-366(Abascantus,)-394(held)-365(two)-365(of)-366(the)-365(great)-365(secretaryships.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.32 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 136.508 Td [(637)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(638)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.064 -7.31 Td [(639)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxiv.)-250(3;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 80.455 0 Td [(Galba)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(,)-250(xiv.;)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.855 0 Td [(Galba)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -178.848 -7.311 Td [(640)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-237(Cass.)-245(lii.)-246(25;)-241(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 75.641 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.31 0 Td [(i.)-246(58,)-239(Vitellius)-236(ministeria)-237(principatus)-236(per)-237(libertos)]TJ -106.906 -10.959 Td [(agi)-250(solita)-250(in)-250(equites)-250(Romanos)-250(disponit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(641)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(xii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.044 -7.311 Td [(642)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xvi.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 716 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 717 0 R /Resources 715 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 719 0 R >> endobj 718 0 obj << /D [716 0 R /XYZ 279.912 436.88 null] >> endobj 715 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 722 0 obj << /Length 5337 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(134)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(But)-445(it)-445(is)-444(distinctly)-445(recorded)-445(that)-445(Domitian)-445(distributed)-444(offices)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impartially)-406(between)-406(the)-406(freedmen)-406(and)-405(the)-406(knights.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.258 3.959 Td [(643)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.282 -3.959 Td [(On)-406(the)]TJ -249.54 -13.549 Td [(accession)-279(of)-279(Trajan,)-286(Pliny,)-286(in)-278(his)-279(Panegyric,)-286(exults)-279(in)-279(the)-279(fall)-278(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(freedmen)-329(from)-329(the)-329(highest)-329(place.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.273 3.958 Td [(644)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.769 -3.958 Td [(Yet)-329(Hadrian)-329(is)-329(said)-329(to)]TJ -182.042 -13.55 Td [(have)-320(procured)-321(his)-320(selection)-321(as)-320(emperor)-321(by)-320(carefully)-320(cultivating)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-370(favour)-370(of)-370(Trajan)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.478 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-370(freedmen.)-611(Hadrian,)-400(in)-370(reorganising)-370(the)]TJ -95.11 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-349(administration,)-373(and)-349(founding)-348(the)-349(bureaucratic)-348(system,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-473(was)-473(finally)-473(elaborated)-473(by)-473(Diocletian)-473(and)-473(Constantine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practically)-321(confined)-320(the)-321(tenure)-321(of)-320(the)-321(three)-321(great)-320(secretaryships)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-508(men)-508(of)-509(equestrian)-508(rank.)-1025(Among)-508(his)-508(secretaries)-508(was)-508(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(historian)-334(Suetonius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.584 3.959 Td [(645)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.912 -3.959 Td [(Antoninus)-334(Pius)-333(severely)-333(repressed)-334(men)]TJ -105.496 -13.549 Td [(of)-207(servile)-207(origin)-207(in)-207(the)-207(interest)-207(of)-207(pure)-207(administration;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.776 3.959 Td [(646)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.868 -3.959 Td [(but)-207(they)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -318.4 0 Td [([108])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(regained)-283(some)-284(influence)-283(for)-283(a)-284(time)-283(under)-283(M.)-284(Aurelius,)-291(and)-283(rose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(still)-250(higher)-250(under)-250(his)-250(infamous)-250(son.)]TJ 11.956 -18.054 Td [(The)-322(position)-322(of)-322(freedmen)-322(in)-322(the)-322(imperial)-322(administration)-321(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(partly,)-397(as)-368(we)-368(have)-367(seen,)-398(a)-367(tradition)-368(of)-368(aristocratic)-367(households.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-452(emperor)-453(employed)-452(his)-452(freedmen)-453(to)-452(write)-452(his)-452(despatches)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-405(administer)-405(the)-406(finances)-405(of)-405(the)-405(Empire,)-444(as)-405(he)-405(would)-405(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(used)-364(them)-364(to)-364(write)-365(his)-364(private)-364(letters)-364(or)-364(to)-364(manage)-364(his)-364(private)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(estates.)-755(But,)-460(in)-418(the)-419(long)-418(conflict)-418(between)-419(the)-418(prince)-418(and)-418(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Senate,)-339(the)-322(employment)-322(of)-321(trusted)-322(freedmen)-321(in)-322(imperial)-321(affairs)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-312(also)-312(a)-312(measure)-312(of)-312(policy.)-436(It)-312(was)-312(meant)-312(to)-312(teach)-312(the)-312(nobles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-288(the)-288(Empire)-288(could)-288(be)-288(administered)-288(without)-289(their)-288(aid.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.24 3.959 Td [(647)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.426 -3.959 Td [(Nor)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(was)-334(the)-334(confidence)-334(of)-334(the)-334(Emperor)-334(in)-334(his)-334(humble)-334(subordinates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unjustified.)-570(The)-357(eulogies)-357(of)-357(the)-356(great)-357(freedmen)-357(in)-357(Seneca)-356(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Statius,)-291(even)-282(if)-282(they)-283(be)-282(exaggerated,)-291(leave)-282(the)-283(impression)-282(that)-282(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Polybius,)-308(a)-296(Claudius)-296(Etruscus,)-307(or)-297(an)-296(Abascantus)-296(were,)-307(in)-296(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respects,)-438(worthy)-401(of)-400(their)-401(high)-400(place.)-701(The)-401(provinces)-400(were,)-438(on)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.472 Td [(643)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.942 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.577 0 Td [(vii.)-807(quaedam)-435(ex)-436(maximis)-435(officiis)-436(inter)-435(libertinos)-436(equitesque)]TJ -52.475 -10.959 Td [(communicavit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(644)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(88.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.036 -7.395 Td [(645)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(iv.,)-250(xxi.;)-250(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.533 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(91.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -143.45 -7.31 Td [(646)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.889 0 Td [(Ant.)-250(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(vi.,)-250(xi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.494 -7.311 Td [(647)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(56.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 721 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 722 0 R /Resources 720 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 719 0 R >> endobj 723 0 obj << /D [721 0 R /XYZ 258.254 369.134 null] >> endobj 720 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 726 0 obj << /Length 5634 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(135)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-290(whole,)-301(well)-290(governed)-290(and)-290(happy)-290(in)-291(the)-290(very)-290(years)-290(when)-290(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capital)-200(was)-201(seething)-200(with)-201(conspiracy,)-210(and)-200(racked)-201(with)-200(the)-200(horrors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-311(confiscation)-312(and)-311(massacre.)-434(This)-311(must)-312(have)-311(been)-311(chiefly)-311(due)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-359(the)-360(knowledge,)-386(tact,)-387(and)-359(ability)-359(of)-359(the)-360(great)-359(officials)-359(of)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(palace.)-772(Although)-424(of)-424(servile)-424(origin,)-467(they)-424(must)-424(have)-424(belonged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-401(that)-401(considerable)-401(class)-400(of)-401(educated)-401(slaves)-401(who,)-439(along)-400(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-443(versatility)-443(and)-443(tact)-443(of)-443(the)-443(Hellenic)-442(East,)-492(brought)-443(to)-442(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(task)-356(also)-356(a)-356(knowledge)-356(and)-356(a)-356(literary)-356(and)-356(linguistic)-356(skill)-356(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-381(not)-381(common)-381(among)-381(Roman)-381(knights.)-643(The)-381(three)-381(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(secretaryships,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 67.681 0 Td [(a)-281(rationibus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 53.381 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 5.881 0 Td [(a)-281(libellis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.229 0 Td [(,)-289(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 24.702 0 Td [(ab)-281(epistulis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 50.348 0 Td [(,)-289(covered)]TJ -240.222 -13.549 Td [(a)-497(vast)-497(field)-498(of)-497(administration,)-559(and)-497(the)-497(duties)-497(of)-497(these)-497(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ministries)-476(could)-476(only)-476(have)-476(been)-476(performed)-476(by)-476(men)-476(of)-476(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(industry,)-378(talent,)-378(and)-352(diplomatic)-352(adroitness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 190.771 3.959 Td [(648)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.529 -3.959 Td [(The)-352(Polybius)-353(to)]TJ -209.3 -13.549 Td [(whom)-365(Seneca,)-393(from)-365(his)-364(exile)-365(in)-365(Sardinia,)-393(wrote)-365(a)-364(consolatory)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(letter)-268(on)-268(the)-267(death)-268(of)-268(his)-268(brother,)-272(was)-268(the)-268(successor)-268(of)-267(Callistus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-340(secretary)-340(of)-340(petitions,)-362(in)-340(the)-340(reign)-340(of)-339(Claudius,)-363(and)-340(also)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.349 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-289(adviser)-288(of)-289(studies.)-365(Seneca)-289(magnifies)-289(the)-288(dignity,)-298(and)]TJ -39.982 -13.549 Td [(also)-251(the)-250(burden,)-251(of)-251(his)-251(great)-250(rank,)-251(which)-251(demands)-251(an)-250(abnegation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-369(all)-370(the)-369(ordinary)-369(pleasures)-369(of)-370(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.408 3.958 Td [(649)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.084 -3.958 Td [(A)-369(man)-369(has)-370(no)-369(time)-369(to)]TJ -180.492 -13.55 Td [(indulge)-435(a)-435(private)-435(grief)-435(who)-435(has)-435(to)-435(study)-435(and)-435(arrange)-435(for)-435(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 38.171 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-453(decision)-454(thousands)-453(of)-453(appeals)-454(coming)-453(from)-453(every)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.22 0 Td [([109])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(quarter)-421(of)-422(the)-421(world.)-764(Yet)-421(this)-422(busy)-421(man)-421(could)-422(find)-421(time)-421(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literary)-419(work,)-461(and)-419(his)-419(translations)-419(from)-419(the)-419(Greek)-419(are)-419(lauded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-345(the)-345(philosopher)-345(with)-345(an)-345(enthusiasm)-345(of)-345(which)-345(the)-345(cruelty)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time)-320(does)-319(not)-320(allow)-320(us)-319(to)-320(estimate)-320(the)-319(value.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.705 3.958 Td [(650)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.46 -3.958 Td [(The)-320(panegyric)]TJ -217.165 -13.55 Td [(on)-447(Claudius)-446(Etruscus,)-496(composed)-447(by)-446(Statius,)-496(records)-447(an)-446(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-378(remarkable)-379(career.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.111 3.959 Td [(651)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.382 -3.959 Td [(Claudius)-378(Etruscus)-379(died)-378(at)-379(the)-378(age)]TJ -128.493 -13.549 Td [(of)-409(eighty,)-449(in)-409(the)-410(reign)-409(of)-409(Domitian,)-449(having)-409(served)-409(in)-409(various)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capacities)-402(under)-402(ten)-403(emperors,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.668 3.959 Td [(652)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.256 -3.959 Td [(six)-402(of)-402(whom)-403(had)-402(died)-402(by)-402(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.493 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.681 Td [(648)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(83.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(649)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.605 0 Td [(vi.)-250(vii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.243 -7.394 Td [(650)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.605 0 Td [(xi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.243 -7.395 Td [(651)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Statius,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.898 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(iii.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.537 -7.394 Td [(652)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(66,)-250(Tibereia)-250(primum)-250(Aula)-250(tibi)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 107.838 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(Panditur.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 725 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 726 0 R /Resources 724 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 719 0 R >> endobj 727 0 obj << /D [725 0 R /XYZ 239.346 247.191 null] >> endobj 724 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 730 0 obj << /Length 5812 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(136)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(violent)-432(death.)-796(It)-432(was)-432(a)-431(strangely)-432(romantic)-432(life,)-478(to)-432(which)-431(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-217(hardly)-217(find)-217(a)-218(parallel)-217(in)-217(the)-217(most)-217(democratic)-217(community)-217(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modern)-277(t)1(imes.)-330(Claudius,)-283(a)-276(Smyrniote)-277(slave,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.391 3.959 Td [(653)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.542 -3.959 Td [(in)-276(the)-277(household)]TJ -207.933 -13.549 Td [(of)-392(Tiberius,)-428(was)-392(emancipated)-393(and)-392(promoted)-392(by)-392(that)-392(Emperor.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-456(followed)-456(the)-457(train)-456(of)-456(Caligula)-456(to)-457(Gaul,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.149 3.959 Td [(654)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.993 -3.959 Td [(rose)-456(to)-456(higher)]TJ -216.142 -13.549 Td [(rank)-490(under)-490(Claudius,)-550(and,)-550(probably)-490(in)-490(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.68 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-490(reign,)-550(on)-490(the)]TJ -210.312 -13.549 Td [(retirement)-407(of)-407(Pallas,)-446(was)-407(appointed)-407(to)-407(that)-407(financial)-407(office)-406(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-459(the)-460(world-wide)-459(cares)-459(are)-460(pompously)-459(described)-459(by)-459(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poet)-344(biographer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.526 3.958 Td [(655)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.264 -3.958 Td [(The)-344(gold)-344(of)-345(Iberian)-344(mines,)-368(the)-344(harvests)-344(of)]TJ -90.79 -13.55 Td [(Egypt,)-423(the)-388(fleeces)-388(of)-389(Tarentine)-388(flocks,)-423(pearls)-388(from)-388(the)-388(depths)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-393(Eastern)-393(seas,)-429(the)-393(ivory)-393(tribute)-393(of)-393(the)-393(Indies,)-429(all)-393(the)-393(wealth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wafted)-348(to)-348(Rome)-348(by)-348(every)-348(wind,)-373(are)-348(committed)-348(to)-348(his)-348(keeping.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-255(had)-255(also)-256(the)-255(task)-255(of)-255(disbursing)-255(a)-256(vast)-255(revenue)-255(for)-255(the)-255(support)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-306(the)-307(populace,)-320(for)-306(roads)-307(and)-306(bulwarks)-306(against)-306(the)-307(sea,)-320(for)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(splendour)-288(of)-289(temples)-288(and)-288(palaces.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.219 3.959 Td [(656)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.436 -3.959 Td [(Such)-288(cares)-289(left)-288(space)-288(only)]TJ -165.655 -13.549 Td [(for)-301(brief)-301(slumber)-301(and)-301(hasty)-301(meals;)-327(there)-301(was)-301(none)-301(for)-301(pleasure.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-230(Claudius)-230(had)-229(the)-230(supreme)-230(satisfaction)-230(of)-230(wielding)-229(enormous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power,)-408(and)-377(he)-376(occasionally)-377(shared)-376(in)-377(its)-376(splendour.)-630(The)-376(poor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slave)-334(from)-334(the)-334(Hermus)-335(had)-334(a)-334(place)-334(in)-334(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 189.734 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Idumaean)-334(triumph)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 81.208 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.55 Td [(of)-283(Vespasian,)-290(which)-283(his)-282(quiet)-283(labours)-282(had)-283(prepared,)-290(and)-283(he)-282(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(raised)-232(by)-231(that)-232(emperor)-231(to)-232(the)-231(benches)-232(of)-231(the)-232(knights.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 226.631 3.959 Td [(657)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.114 -3.959 Td [(The)-231(only)]TJ -241.745 -13.549 Td [(check)-258(in)-259(that)-258(prosperous)-259(course)-258(seems)-258(to)-259(have)-258(been)-259(a)-258(brief)-258(exile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(the)-250(shores)-250(of)-250(Campania)-250(in)-250(the)-250(reign)-250(of)-250(Domitian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.825 3.959 Td [(658)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -212.87 -22.77 Td [(Abascantus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.019 3.959 Td [(659)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.319 -3.959 Td [(the)-260(secretary)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 58.379 0 Td [(ab)-260(epistulis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 52.957 0 Td [(of)-260(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.141 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-260(reign,)]TJ -248.402 -13.549 Td [(has)-231(also)-231(been)-231(commemorated)-230(by)-231(Statius.)-244(That)-231(great)-231(office)-230(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(controlled)-164(the)-165(imperial)-164(correspondence)-165(with)-164(all)-164(parts)-165(of)-164(the)-164(world,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([110])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(was)-214(generally)-215(held)-214(by)-214(freedmen)-215(in)-214(the)-214(first)-215(century.)-238(Narcissus,)-221(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 144.067 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 137.171 Td [(653)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(60.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(654)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(70.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(655)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(86.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(656)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(100.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(657)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(145.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(658)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(vi.)-250(83;)-250(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.508 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(iii.)-250(160.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -95.148 -7.394 Td [(659)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(As)-250(to)-250(the)-250(form)-250(of)-250(his)-250(name)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 98.37 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Markland)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 34.861 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.729 0 Td [(Statius)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(238.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 729 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 730 0 R /Resources 728 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 719 0 R >> endobj 731 0 obj << /D [729 0 R /XYZ 330.871 174.183 null] >> endobj 728 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 734 0 obj << /Length 5800 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(137)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-275(reign)-276(of)-275(Claudius,)-281(first)-276(made)-275(it)-275(a)-276(great)-275(ministry.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 226.47 3.959 Td [(660)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.008 -3.959 Td [(Down)-275(to)]TJ -242.478 -13.549 Td [(the)-213(reign)-213(of)-213(Hadrian)-213(the)-213(despatches)-213(both)-213(in)-213(Greek)-213(and)-213(Latin)-212(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-286(a)-286(single)-286(superintendence.)-358(But)-286(in)-286(the)-286(reorganisation)-286(of)-285(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(service)-309(in)-309(the)-309(second)-309(century,)-324(it)-309(was)-309(found)-309(necessary,)-323(from)-309(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(growing)-288(complication)-288(of)-287(business,)-297(to)-288(create)-288(two)-288(departments)-287(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-285(correspondence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 110.647 3.959 Td [(661)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.315 -3.959 Td [(Men)-285(of)-284(rank)-285(held)-285(the)-284(secretaryship)]TJ -126.962 -13.549 Td [(from)-273(the)-274(end)-273(of)-273(the)-274(first)-273(century.)-320(Titinius)-274(Capito,)-279(one)-273(of)-273(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(circle,)-230(filled)-225(the)-224(office)-225(under)-225(Domitian;)-233(Suetonius)-225(was)-224(appointed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-196(Hadrian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.915 3.958 Td [(662)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.984 -3.958 Td [(And)-196(during)-196(the)-196(Antonine)-197(age,)-206(the)-197(secretaries)-196(were)]TJ -65.899 -13.55 Td [(often)-359(men)-358(of)-359(literary)-358(distinction.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.238 3.959 Td [(663)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.732 -3.959 Td [(Abascantus,)-386(the)-358(freedman)]TJ -164.97 -13.549 Td [(secretary)-429(in)-429(the)-429(Silvae,)-474(had)-429(upon)-429(his)-429(shoulders,)-473(according)-429(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-467(poet,)-521(the)-467(whole)-467(weight)-467(of)-467(the)-467(correspondence)-467(with)-466(both)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(East)-406(and)-406(West.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.546 3.959 Td [(664)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.292 -3.959 Td [(He)-406(received)-406(the)-407(laurelled)-406(despatches)-406(from)]TJ -88.838 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(Euphrates,)-334(the)-318(Danube,)-335(and)-317(the)-318(Rhine;)-352(he)-317(had)-318(to)-318(watch)-317(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(distribution)-398(of)-397(military)-398(grades)-398(and)-397(commands.)-693(He)-398(must)-397(keep)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-459(informed)-459(of)-459(a)-459(thousand)-459(things)-459(affecting)-459(the)-459(fortunes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-352(the)-351(subject)-352(peoples.)-554(Yet)-351(this)-352(powerful)-351(minister)-352(retained)-351(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(native)-392(modesty)-392(with)-392(his)-392(growing)-392(fortune.)-676(His)-392(household)-392(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinguished)-323(by)-322(all)-323(the)-323(sobriety)-322(and)-323(frugality)-323(of)-322(an)-323(Apulian)-322(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Sabine)-252(home.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.415 3.959 Td [(665)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.258 -3.959 Td [(He)-252(could)-253(be)-252(lavish,)-253(however,)-253(at)-252(the)-253(call)-252(of)-252(love)]TJ -74.673 -13.549 Td [(or)-308(loyalty.)-424(He)-308(gave)-308(his)-309(wife)-308(Priscilla)-308(an)-308(almost)-308(royal)-308(burial.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(666)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Embalmed)-359(with)-359(all)-359(the)-359(spices)-359(and)-359(fragrant)-359(odours)-359(of)-359(the)-358(East,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-265(canopied)-266(with)-265(purple,)-270(her)-265(body)-265(was)-266(borne)-265(to)-266(her)-265(last)-265(stately)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(home)-250(of)-250(marble)-250(on)-250(the)-250(Appian)-250(Way.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.666 3.959 Td [(667)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -147.71 -18.589 Td [(Some)-864(of)-864(the)-864(great)-864(imperial)-864(freedmen)-864(were)-864(of)-863(less)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(unexceptionable)-1068(character)-1068(than)-1068(Claudius)-1068(Etruscus)-1068(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Abascantus,)-200(and)-187(had)-187(a)-187(more)-187(troubled)-187(career.)-229(Callistus,)-199(Narcissus,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.685 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 147.872 Td [(660)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.397 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(91;)-250(cf.)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.524 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -139.943 -7.311 Td [(661)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mac\351,)-250(92,)-250(93;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.451 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(86,)-250(87.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -134.482 -7.31 Td [(662)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(viii.)-250(12;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.145 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(798;)-250(Mac\351,)-250(pp.)-250(89,)-250(115.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -98.15 -7.311 Td [(663)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mac\351,)-250(pp.)-250(90,)-250(116.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(664)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(v.)-250(1,)-250(80.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.073 -7.395 Td [(665)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(v.)-250(118)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(666)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(v.)-250(210.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(667)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(88.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 733 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 734 0 R /Resources 732 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 719 0 R >> endobj 732 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 737 0 obj << /Length 5297 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(138)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-431(Pallas,)-476(were)-431(deeply)-430(involved)-431(in)-431(the)-431(intrigues)-431(and)-430(crimes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(connected)-217(with)-216(the)-217(history)-216(of)-217(Messalina)-216(and)-217(Agrippina.)-238(Callistus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-248(a)-248(part)-249(in)-248(the)-248(murder)-248(of)-248(Caligula,)-249(and)-248(prolonged)-248(his)-248(power)-248(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-300(following)-301(reign.)-400(Narcissus)-301(revealed)-300(the)-300(shameless)-300(marriage)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-486(Messalina)-485(with)-486(Silius,)-545(and,)-544(forestalling)-486(the)-486(vacillation)-485(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Claudius,)-333(had)-317(the)-316(imperial)-317(harlot)-316(ruthlessly)-317(struck)-316(down)-317(as)-316(she)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lay)-260(grovelling)-259(in)-259(the)-260(gardens)-259(of)-260(Lucullus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.905 3.959 Td [(668)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.491 -3.959 Td [(But)-259(he)-260(incurred)-259(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -269.151 0 Td [([111])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(enmity)-174(of)-174(a)-174(more)-175(formidable)-174(woman)-174(even)-174(than)-174(Messalina,)-189(and)-174(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-157(career)-156(of)-157(plunder)-156(was)-157(ended)-156(by)-157(suicide.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 187.959 3.958 Td [(669)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.84 -3.958 Td [(Pallas)-157(had)-156(an)-157(even)]TJ -202.799 -13.55 Td [(longer)-335(and)-334(more)-335(successful,)-356(but)-334(a)-335(not)-335(less)-334(infamous)-335(and)-334(tragic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(career.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.368 3.959 Td [(670)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.716 -3.959 Td [(Of)-297(all)-297(the)-297(great)-297(freedmen,)-308(probably)-297(none)-297(approached)]TJ -46.084 -13.549 Td [(him)-365(in)-364(magnificent)-365(insolence.)-593(When)-365(he)-364(was)-365(impeached)-364(along)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-534(Burrus,)-606(on)-534(a)-535(groundless)-534(charge)-534(of)-535(treason,)-605(and)-534(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-345(of)-346(his)-345(freedmen)-345(were)-345(called)-345(in)-346(evidence)-345(as)-345(his)-345(supposed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(accomplices,)-274(the)-269(old)-269(slave)-269(answered)-269(that)-269(he)-269(had)-269(never)-269(degraded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-266(voice)-266(by)-266(speaking)-267(in)-266(such)-266(company.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 174.676 3.959 Td [(671)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.709 -3.959 Td [(Never,)-270(even)-266(in)-266(those)]TJ -190.385 -13.549 Td [(days)-453(of)-453(self-abasement,)-503(did)-453(the)-453(Senate)-453(sink)-453(so)-453(low)-453(as)-453(in)-452(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grovelling)-336(homage)-336(to)-336(the)-336(servile)-336(minister.)-508(At)-336(a)-336(meeting)-336(of)-336(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(august)-202(body)-201(in)-202(the)-202(year)-202(52,)-211(the)-202(consul)-201(designate)-202(made)-202(a)-201(proposal,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-210(was)-210(seconded)-210(by)-211(a)-210(Scipio,)-218(that)-210(the)-210(praetorian)-210(insignia,)-218(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-362(sum)-361(of)-362(HS.15,000,000,)-389(should)-362(be)-362(offered)-361(to)-362(Pallas,)-389(together)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-374(the)-375(thanks)-374(of)-374(the)-375(state)-374(that)-374(the)-375(descendant)-374(of)-374(the)-374(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kings)-304(of)-303(Arcadia)-304(had)-303(thought)-304(less)-303(of)-303(his)-304(illustrious)-303(race)-304(than)-303(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-270(common)-271(weal,)-275(and)-271(had)-270(deigned)-270(to)-271(be)-270(enrolled)-271(in)-270(the)-270(service)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-311(the)-311(prince!)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.096 3.959 Td [(672)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.174 -3.959 Td [(When)-311(Claudius)-311(reported)-311(that)-311(his)-310(minister)-311(was)]TJ -77.27 -13.549 Td [(satisfied)-497(with)-497(the)-496(compliment,)-559(and)-496(prayed)-497(to)-497(be)-497(allowed)-496(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remain)-342(in)-341(his)-342(former)-342(poverty,)-364(a)-342(senatorial)-341(decree,)-365(engraved)-341(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bronze,)-314(was)-302(set)-301(up)-301(to)-301(commemorate)-302(the)-301(old-fashioned)-301(frugality)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-281(the)-281(owner)-281(of)-280(HS.300,000,000!)-343(His)-281(wealth)-281(was)-281(gained)-280(during)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.43 Td [(668)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(30,)-250(37,)-250(88.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.311 Td [(669)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xii.)-250(57;)-250(xiii.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.311 Td [(670)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.953 0 Td [(xii.)-250(25,)-250(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(671)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.953 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(23.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(672)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.953 0 Td [(xii.)-250(53;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.589 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(viii.)-250(6.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 736 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 737 0 R /Resources 735 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 719 0 R >> endobj 738 0 obj << /D [736 0 R /XYZ 289.939 436.88 null] >> endobj 735 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 741 0 obj << /Length 5943 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(139)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-257(career)-256(of)-257(enormous)-256(power)-257(in)-257(the)-256(worst)-257(days)-256(of)-257(the)-257(Empire.)-269(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-333(one)-332(of)-333(the)-332(lovers)-333(of)-333(Agrippina,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.618 3.959 Td [(673)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.306 -3.959 Td [(and,)-353(when)-333(he)-332(made)-333(her)]TJ -175.924 -13.549 Td [(empress)-230(on)-230(the)-230(death)-230(of)-230(Messalina,)-234(two)-230(kindred)-230(spirits)-230(for)-230(a)-229(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ruled)-326(the)-327(Roman)-326(world.)-479(He)-326(gratified)-327(his)-326(patroness)-326(by)-326(securing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-486(adoption)-487(of)-486(Nero)-486(by)-487(Claudius,)-545(and)-486(he)-487(was)-486(probably)-486(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accomplice)-276(in)-276(that)-276(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.908 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-276(murder.)-327(But)-276(his)-276(fate)-276(was)-276(involved)]TJ -123.541 -13.549 Td [(with)-383(that)-382(of)-383(Agrippina.)-647(When)-383(Nero)-382(resolved)-383(to)-382(shake)-383(off)-382(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tyranny)-354(of)-354(that)-355(awful)-354(woman,)-380(his)-354(first)-355(step)-354(was)-354(to)-354(remove)-354(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(haughty)-339(freedman)-339(from)-338(his)-339(offices.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.475 3.958 Td [(674)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.087 -3.958 Td [(Pallas)-339(left)-339(the)-338(palace)-339(in)]TJ -175.562 -13.55 Td [(the)-379(second)-379(year)-379(of)-379(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.828 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-379(reign.)-637(For)-378(seven)-379(years)-379(he)-379(lived)-379(on)]TJ -113.46 -13.549 Td [(undisturbed.)-851(But)-451(at)-450(last)-450(his)-451(vast)-450(wealth,)-501(which)-450(had)-450(become)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-382(proverb,)-416(became)-382(too)-382(tempting)-382(to)-383(the)-382(spendthrift)-382(prince,)-415(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pallas)-250(was)-250(quietly)-250(removed)-250(by)-250(poison.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.869 3.959 Td [(675)]TJ 123.155 -3.959 Td [([112])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -18.054 Td [(The)-303(wealth)-304(of)-304(freedmen)-303(became)-304(proverbial,)-316(and)-304(the)-303(fortunes)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-341(Pallas)-340(and)-341(Narcissus)-340(reached)-341(a)-341(figure)-340(hardly)-341(ever)-340(surpassed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-489(by)-489(the)-490(most)-489(colossal)-489(senatorial)-489(estates.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.449 3.958 Td [(676)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.008 -3.958 Td [(The)-489(means)]TJ -230.457 -13.55 Td [(by)-417(which)-418(this)-417(wealth)-417(was)-417(gained)-417(might)-418(easily)-417(be)-417(inferred)-417(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-429(one)-428(acquainted)-429(with)-429(the)-429(inner)-428(history)-429(of)-429(the)-428(times.)-786(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(manner)-503(of)-502(it)-502(may)-503(be)-502(read)-503(in)-502(the)-503(life)-502(of)-503(Elagabalus,)-565(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedman)-563(Zoticus,)-641(the)-562(son)-563(of)-563(a)-562(cook)-563(at)-563(Smyrna,)-641(piled)-562(up)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vast)-497(riches)-497(by)-498(levying)-497(a)-497(payment,)-559(each)-497(time)-497(he)-497(quitted)-497(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(presence,)-336(for)-318(his)-319(report)-319(of)-318(the)-319(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 172.199 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-319(threats)-318(or)-319(promises)-319(or)]TJ -175.832 -13.549 Td [(intentions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.764 3.959 Td [(677)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.241 -3.959 Td [(In)-405(the)-404(administration)-405(of)-404(great)-405(provinces,)-443(in)-405(the)]TJ -66.005 -13.549 Td [(distribution)-394(of)-394(countless)-394(places)-395(of)-394(trust,)-430(in)-394(the)-394(chaos)-394(of)-394(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-387(delation,)-422(confiscation,)-422(and)-387(massacre,)-422(there)-388(must)-387(have)-387(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(endless)-309(opportunities)-308(for)-309(self-enrichment,)-323(without)-309(incurring)-308(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dangers)-191(of)-190(open)-191(malversation.)-230(Statius)-190(extols)-191(the)-190(simple)-191(tastes)-190(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(frugality)-362(of)-362(his)-361(heroes)-362(Abascantus)-362(and)-362(Claudius)-362(Etruscus,)-389(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.472 Td [(673)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xii.)-250(25,)-250(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.311 Td [(674)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.394 Td [(675)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(65;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.068 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxxv.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(62.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.659 -7.31 Td [(676)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.093 0 Td [(R\366m.)-271(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.629 0 Td [(ii.)-271(p.)-271(55;)-261(Duruy,)-258(v.)-271(p.)-271(598;)-261(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 122.758 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.388 0 Td [(i.)-271(p.)-271(192;)-261(cf.)]TJ -236.824 -10.959 Td [(Olympiod.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.851 0 Td [(ap.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(Phot.)-250(\247)-250(44)-250(\050M\374ll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 63.769 0 Td [(Frag.)-250(Hist.)-250(Gr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 56.291 0 Td [(iv.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -174.111 -7.311 Td [(677)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ael.)-250(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(Heliogab.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(x.;)-250(cf.)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.798 0 Td [(Anton.)-250(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.865 0 Td [(xi.;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.378 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(xxviii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 740 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 741 0 R /Resources 739 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 743 0 R >> endobj 742 0 obj << /D [740 0 R /XYZ 46.771 353.207 null] >> endobj 739 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 746 0 obj << /Length 5053 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(140)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(yet)-197(he)-198(describes)-197(them)-198(as)-197(lavishing)-197(money)-198(on)-197(baths)-198(and)-197(tombs)-197(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(funeral)-252(pomp.)-258(The)-252(truth)-252(is)-253(that,)-253(as)-252(a)-252(mere)-253(matter)-252(of)-252(policy,)-253(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wealthy)-326(aliens,)-345(who)-326(were)-326(never)-326(loved)-326(by)-326(a)-326(jealous)-326(aristocracy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-236(to)-235(justify)-236(their)-235(huge)-236(fortunes)-236(by)-235(a)-236(sumptuous)-235(splendour.)-245(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(elder)-371(Pliny)-370(has)-371(commemorated)-371(the)-371(vapour)-370(baths)-371(of)-371(Posides,)-400(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Claudian)-219(freedman,)-225(and)-220(the)-219(thirty)-219(pillars)-219(of)-219(priceless)-219(onyx)-219(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adorned)-361(the)-361(dining)-362(saloon)-361(of)-361(Callistus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 174.544 3.959 Td [(678)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.818 -3.959 Td [(A)-361(bijou)-361(bath)-361(of)-362(the)]TJ -193.362 -13.549 Td [(younger)-178(Claudius)-179(Etruscus)-178(seems)-179(to)-178(have)-179(been)-178(a)-179(miracle)-178(of)-178(costly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beauty.)-247(The)-240(dome,)-242(through)-241(which)-240(a)-240(brilliant)-241(light)-240(streamed)-240(upon)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-373(floor,)-404(was)-373(covered)-373(with)-373(scenes)-374(in)-373(rich)-373(mosaic.)-619(The)-373(water)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gushed)-335(from)-334(pipes)-335(of)-334(silver)-335(into)-334(silver)-335(basins,)-355(and)-335(the)-334(quarries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-241(Numidia)-242(and)-241(Synnada)-242(contributed)-241(the)-241(various)-242(colours)-241(of)-241(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(marbles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.266 3.959 Td [(679)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.117 -3.959 Td [(The)-340(gardens)-340(of)-339(Entellus,)-362(with)-340(their)-340(purple)-340(clusters)]TJ -55.383 -13.549 Td [(which)-248(defied)-248(the)-247(rigours)-248(of)-248(winter,)-248(seemed)-248(to)-248(Martial)-248(to)-247(outrival)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-359(legendary)-359(gardens)-359(of)-360(Phaeacia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.53 3.959 Td [(680)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.753 -3.959 Td [(In)-359(the)-359(suburbs,)-387(hard)-359(by)]TJ -175.283 -13.549 Td [(the)-241(Tiburtine)-241(way,)-243(rose)-241(that)-241(defiant)-241(monument)-241(of)-241(Pallas,)-242(bearing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-330(decree)-330(of)-330(the)-329(Senate,)-350(which)-330(aroused)-330(the)-330(angry)-330(scorn)-330(of)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(younger)-250(Pliny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.244 3.959 Td [(681)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -52.288 -25.709 Td [(The)-169(life)-168(of)-169(one)-169(of)-168(these)-169(imperial)-169(slave)-168(ministers)-169(was)-169(a)-168(strangely)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(romantic)-371(career)-372(which)-371(has)-371(surely)-371(been)-372(seldom)-371(matched)-371(in)-371(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(history)-331(of)-332(human)-331(fortunes.)-494(Exposed)-332(and)-331(sold)-331(in)-332(early)-331(youth)-331(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([113])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(the)-274(slave)-274(markets)-274(of)-273(Smyrna,)-280(Delos,)-280(or)-274(Puteoli,)-280(after)-274(an)-273(interval)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-372(ignominious)-372(servitude,)-402(installed)-371(as)-372(groom)-372(of)-372(the)-371(chambers,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thence)-282(promoted,)-291(according)-282(to)-283(his)-282(aptitudes,)-291(to)-282(be)-283(keeper)-282(of)-282(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(jewels,)-308(or)-297(tutor)-296(of)-297(the)-296(imperial)-296(heir,)-309(still)-296(further)-296(advanced)-297(to)-296(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(director)-384(of)-384(the)-384(post,)-417(or)-384(to)-384(a)-384(place)-384(in)-384(the)-384(financial)-384(service,)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(freedman)-281(might)-280(end)-281(by)-281(receiving)-280(the)-281(honour)-281(of)-280(knighthood,)-288(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(procuratorship)-407(of)-407(a)-407(province,)-446(or)-407(one)-407(of)-407(those)-407(great)-406(ministries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-396(placed)-397(him)-396(in)-396(command)-396(of)-397(the)-396(Roman)-396(world.)-689(Yet)-396(we)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.31 Td [(678)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(xxxi.)-250(2;)-250(xxxvi.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.064 -7.311 Td [(679)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Statius,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.898 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(i.)-250(5,)-250(36;)-250(Mart.)-250(vi.)-250(42,)-250(et)-250(certant)-250(vario)-250(decore)-250(saxa.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.538 -7.31 Td [(680)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(viii.)-250(68.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(681)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vii.)-250(29.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 745 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 746 0 R /Resources 744 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 743 0 R >> endobj 747 0 obj << /D [745 0 R /XYZ 299.696 238.991 null] >> endobj 744 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 750 0 obj << /Length 5890 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(141)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(must)-412(not)-412(deceive)-413(ourselves)-412(as)-412(to)-412(his)-412(real)-412(position.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.196 3.959 Td [(682)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.487 -3.959 Td [(To)-412(the)]TJ -250.683 -13.549 Td [(very)-264(end)-265(of)-264(the)-264(Empire,)-268(the)-264(fictions)-265(on)-264(which)-264(aristocratic)-264(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-342(largely)-342(based,)-365(retained)-342(their)-342(fascination.)-526(In)-342(the)-342(fifth)-342(century)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-308(Senate,)-323(whose)-308(ancestors)-308(were)-308(often)-308(originally)-308(of)-308(servile)-308(race,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(could)-373(pour)-372(their)-373(scorn)-372(on)-372(the)-373(eunuch)-372(ministers)-373(of)-372(the)-373(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(683)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(And)-308(the)-307(decaying)-308(or)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 94.008 0 Td [(parvenu)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.105 0 Td [(Senate)-308(of)-307(the)-308(Flavians)-307(had,)-322(when)]TJ -133.113 -13.549 Td [(they)-349(were)-350(free)-349(to)-349(express)-350(it,)-374(nothing)-349(but)-349(loathing)-350(for)-349(the)-349(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-356(the)-356(freedmen.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.11 3.959 Td [(684)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.656 -3.959 Td [(These)-356(powerful)-356(but)-357(low-born)-356(officials)-356(are)]TJ -92.766 -13.549 Td [(a)-377(curious)-377(example)-377(of)-377(what)-377(has)-377(been)-377(often)-377(seen)-377(in)-377(later)-376(times,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-421(point-blank)-420(refusal,)-464(or)-420(the)-421(grudging)-421(concession,)-463(of)-420(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(status)-276(to)-275(men)-276(wielding)-276(vast)-275(and)-276(substantial)-276(power.)-327(The)-275(younger)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny,)-562(in)-499(his)-499(Panegyric)-499(on)-499(Trajan,)-562(glories)-499(in)-499(the)-499(preference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shown)-414(under)-413(the)-414(new)-413(r\351gime)-414(for)-413(young)-414(men)-413(of)-414(birth,)-454(and)-413(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-406(letters)-406(he)-406(vents)-407(all)-406(the)-406(long-suppressed)-406(scorn)-406(of)-406(his)-406(order)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-515(the)-515(Claudian)-514(freedmen.)-1044(Even)-515(the)-515(emperors)-515(who)-514(freely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(employed)-461(their)-461(services,)-514(were)-461(chary)-461(of)-461(raising)-461(them)-460(to)-461(high)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-370(rank.)-611(Freedmen)-370(ministers)-370(were)-370(hardly)-370(ever)-370(admitted)-370(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-227(ranks)-227(of)-227(the)-227(Senate)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.364 3.959 Td [(685)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.454 -3.959 Td [(;)-235(they)-227(were)-226(rarely)-227(present)-227(at)-227(its)-227(sittings,)]TJ -110.818 -13.549 Td [(even)-465(at)-464(the)-465(very)-465(time)-464(when)-465(they)-465(were)-464(governing)-465(the)-464(world.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Sacerdotal)-231(and)-231(military)-231(distinctions)-231(were)-231(seldom)-231(conferred)-231(upon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-357(of)-356(them.)-570(They)-356(were)-356(sometimes)-357(invested)-356(with)-357(the)-356(insignia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-473(praetorian)-473(or)-473(quaestorian)-473(rank.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.44 3.959 Td [(686)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.476 -3.959 Td [(A)-473(few)-473(were)-472(promoted)]TJ -177.916 -13.549 Td [(to)-442(the)-441(dignity)-442(of)-442(knighthood,)-490(Icelus,)-489(Asiaticus,)-490(Hormus,)-489(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Claudius)-291(Etruscus)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.54 3.959 Td [(687)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.453 -3.959 Td [(;)-312(but)-291(many)-291(a)-291(passage)-291(in)-291(Martial)-292(or)-291(Juvenal)]TJ -91.993 -13.549 Td [(seems)-263(to)-263(show)-264(that)-263(ordinary)-263(equestrian)-263(rank)-264(was)-263(in)-263(those)-263(days)-263(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(very)-329(doubtful)-329(distinction.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.329 3.959 Td [(688)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.763 -3.959 Td [(The)-329(emperors,)-349(as)-329(raised)-328(above)-329(all)]TJ -130.092 -13.549 Td [(ranks,)-281(might)-274(not)-275(have)-275(been)-274(personally)-275(unwilling)-274(to)-275(elevate)-274(their)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([114])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.565 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 136.752 Td [(682)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(75;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.676 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6344.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -140.965 -7.31 Td [(683)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(In)-250(Eutrop.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(ii.)-250(137.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -76.712 -7.311 Td [(684)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(88.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.035 -7.394 Td [(685)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xv.)-250(in)-250(curiam)-250(libertinorum)-250(filios)-250(diu)-250(non)-250(admisit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.064 -7.311 Td [(686)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(38;)-250(xii.)-250(53.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.31 Td [(687)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Galba)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(,)-250(xiv.;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.842 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(57;)-250(iv.)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -114.819 -7.311 Td [(688)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iii.)-250(29;)-250(v.)-250(8,)-250(14,)-250(35,)-250(23;)-250(cf.)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 143.462 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(212.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 749 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 750 0 R /Resources 748 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 743 0 R >> endobj 751 0 obj << /D [749 0 R /XYZ 121.585 165.896 null] >> endobj 748 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 754 0 obj << /Length 5141 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(142)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(creatures)-296(to)-296(the)-296(highest)-296(social)-296(grade.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.253 3.959 Td [(689)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.682 -3.959 Td [(But)-296(even)-296(the)-296(emperors,)]TJ -177.935 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(matters)-250(of)-250(social)-250(prejudice,)-250(were)-250(not)-250(omnipotent.)]TJ 11.956 -16.257 Td [(Still,)-466(the)-422(men)-423(who)-423(could)-422(win)-423(the)-423(favours)-422(of)-423(an)-422(Agrippina)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(and)-297(a)-296(Messalina,)-308(could)-297(not)-296(be)-297(extinguished)-296(by)-296(the)-297(most)-296(jealous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-362(prejudice.)-586(The)-362(Roman)-362(Senate)-362(were)-362(ready,)-390(on)-361(occasion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-416(fawn)-416(on)-416(a)-416(Pallas)-416(or)-416(a)-416(Narcissus,)-457(to)-416(vote)-416(them)-416(money)-416(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(insignia)-242(of)-242(rank,)-244(nor)-242(did)-243(they)-242(always)-242(refuse)-242(them)-242(their)-242(daughters)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-447(marriage.)-843(In)-447(the)-447(conflict)-448(which)-447(is)-447(so)-448(often)-447(seen)-447(between)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(caste)-368(pride)-367(and)-368(the)-367(effective)-368(power)-367(of)-368(new)-367(wealth,)-397(the)-367(wealth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-261(power)-260(not)-261(unfrequently)-261(prevail.)-282(The)-260(lex)-261(Julia)-261(prohibited)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(union)-303(of)-304(freedmen)-303(with)-304(daughters)-303(of)-304(a)-303(senatorial)-304(house.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.948 3.959 Td [(690)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.929 -3.959 Td [(Yet)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(we)-246(know)-245(of)-246(several)-245(such)-245(marriages)-246(in)-245(the)-246(first)-245(century.)-249(The)-245(wife)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-194(the)-194(freedman)-194(Claudius)-194(Etruscus,)-205(was)-194(the)-194(sister)-194(of)-194(a)-194(consul)-194(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-388(held)-389(high)-388(command)-389(against)-388(the)-389(Dacians.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 204.486 3.958 Td [(691)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.711 -3.958 Td [(Priscilla,)-423(the)]TJ -224.197 -13.55 Td [(wife)-270(of)-271(Abascantus,)-275(another)-271(minister)-270(of)-271(servile)-270(origin,)-275(belonged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-282(the)-282(great)-281(consular)-282(family)-282(of)-282(the)-282(Antistii.)-345(Felix,)-290(the)-282(brother)-281(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pallas,)-232(had)-228(married)-227(in)-228(succession)-227(three)-228(ladies)-227(of)-228(royal)-227(blood,)-232(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(them)-250(the)-250(granddaughter)-250(of)-250(Cleopatra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.113 3.959 Td [(692)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -163.157 -20.216 Td [(The)-184(women)-185(of)-184(this)-184(class,)-198(for)-184(generations,)-197(wielded,)-198(in)-184(their)-184(own)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(way,)-319(a)-305(power)-305(which)-305(sometimes)-305(rivalled)-305(that)-305(of)-305(the)-305(men.)-414(These)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plebeian)-198(Aspasias)-197(are)-198(a)-197(puzzling)-198(class.)-233(With)-197(no)-198(recognised)-197(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(position,)-389(with)-362(the)-361(double)-362(taint)-361(of)-362(servile)-361(origin)-362(and)-361(more)-361(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doubtful)-188(morals,)-200(they)-187(were)-188(often)-188(endowed)-187(with)-188(many)-188(charms)-187(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accomplishments,)-379(possessing)-353(a)-353(special)-353(attraction)-353(for)-353(bohemian)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(men)-213(of)-213(letters.)-238(Their)-213(morals)-213(were)-214(the)-213(result)-213(of)-213(an)-213(uncertain)-213(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(position,)-322(combined)-308(with)-307(personal)-308(attractions)-307(and)-308(education.)-422(To)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-295(excluded)-295(from)-295(good)-295(society)-295(by)-295(ignoble)-295(birth,)-306(yet)-295(to)-295(be)-294(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-476(its)-475(equal)-476(in)-476(culture,)-532(is)-475(a)-476(dangerous)-475(position,)-532(especially)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-446(women.)-838(Often)-446(of)-446(oriental)-446(extraction,)-495(these)-446(women)-445(were)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.269 Td [(689)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxviii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.538 -7.311 Td [(690)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Dig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(xxiii.)-250(2,)-250(44.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.639 -7.31 Td [(691)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Statius,)-250(iii.)-250(3,)-250(115.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(692)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-591(v.)-592(1,)-392(53;)-421(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 73.501 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.451 0 Td [(v.)-591(9;)-421(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.264 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.427 0 Td [(xxviii.)-591(Felicem)-364(...)-592(Judaeae)]TJ -179.599 -10.959 Td [(proposuit)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(trium)-250(reginarum)-250(maritum.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 753 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 754 0 R /Resources 752 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 743 0 R >> endobj 752 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 757 0 obj << /Length 5806 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(143)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-334(most)-333(prominent)-334(votaries)-334(of)-334(the)-333(cults)-334(or)-334(superstitions)-333(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poured)-352(into)-351(Rome)-352(from)-352(the)-351(prolific)-352(East.)-555(Loose)-352(character)-351(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-403(fervour)-404(were)-403(easily)-403(combined)-404(in)-403(antiquity.)-710(And)-403(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(demi-monde)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 58.707 0 Td [(of)-438(those)-439(days)-438(were)-439(ready)-438(to)-439(mourn)-438(passionately)]TJ -58.707 -13.55 Td [(for)-379(Adonis)-379(and)-379(keep)-379(all)-379(the)-379(feasts)-379(of)-378(Isis)-379(or)-379(Jehovah,)-411(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scrupling)-227(to)-226(make)-227(a)-226(temple)-227(a)-226(place)-227(of)-226(assignation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.795 3.959 Td [(693)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.095 -3.959 Td [(The)-227(history)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.134 0 Td [([115])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-309(the)-309(early)-309(Empire,)-324(it)-309(has)-309(been)-309(rather)-309(inaccurately)-309(said,)-323(shows)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-346(reign)-345(of)-346(mistresses.)-536(Yet)-346(some)-345(of)-346(the)-345(freedwomen)-346(have)-345(left)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-302(mark)-301(on)-302(that)-302(dark)-302(page)-301(of)-302(history.)-405(Claudius)-302(was)-302(the)-301(slave)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-310(women,)-324(and)-310(two)-310(of)-309(his)-310(mistresses)-310(lent)-309(their)-310(aid)-310(to)-309(Narcissus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-404(compass)-405(the)-404(ruin)-404(of)-404(Messalina.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.065 3.959 Td [(694)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.229 -3.959 Td [(The)-404(one)-405(woman)-404(whom)]TJ -175.294 -13.549 Td [(Nero)-288(really)-289(loved,)-298(and)-288(who)-289(loved)-288(him)-289(in)-288(return,)-298(was)-288(Acte,)-298(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-387(been)-388(bought)-387(in)-387(a)-387(slave)-388(market)-387(in)-387(Asia.)-662(She)-387(captured)-387(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heart)-310(of)-310(the)-310(Emperor)-310(in)-310(his)-310(early)-310(youth,)-325(and)-310(incurred)-310(the)-310(fierce)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(jealousy)-418(of)-419(Agrippina,)-460(as)-418(she)-418(did,)-461(at)-418(a)-418(later)-419(date,)-460(that)-418(of)-418(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fair,)-457(ambitious)-416(Poppaea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 110.111 3.959 Td [(695)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.599 -3.959 Td [(Acte)-416(was)-415(faithful)-416(to)-415(his)-416(memory)]TJ -130.71 -13.549 Td [(even)-447(after)-448(the)-447(last)-448(awful)-447(scene)-448(in)-447(Phaon)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 188.063 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-447(gardens.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.779 3.959 Td [(696)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.642 -3.959 Td [(And,)]TJ -259.117 -13.549 Td [(along)-416(with)-416(his)-415(two)-416(nurses,)-457(the)-416(despised)-416(freedwoman)-415(guarded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-422(remains)-422(and)-422(laid)-423(the)-422(last)-422(of)-422(his)-422(line)-422(beside)-422(his)-422(ancestors.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Caenis,)-457(the)-416(mistress)-416(who)-415(consoled)-416(Vespasian)-416(after)-416(his)-415(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(death,)-246(without)-245(any)-244(attractions)-245(of)-245(youth)-244(or)-245(beauty,)-246(suited)-245(well)-244(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taste)-213(of)-213(the)-214(bourgeois)-213(Emperor.)-237(It)-214(was)-213(a)-213(rather)-213(sordid)-213(and)-213(prosaic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(union.)-551(And)-350(Caenis)-350(is)-351(said)-350(to)-350(have)-351(accumulated)-350(a)-350(fortune,)-375(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(besmirched)-342(the)-342(honest)-342(Emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 141.467 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-342(name,)-365(by)-342(a)-342(wholesale)-342(traffic)]TJ -145.1 -13.55 Td [(in)-398(State)-399(secrets)-398(and)-399(appointments.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 154.643 3.959 Td [(697)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.038 -3.959 Td [(In)-398(the)-399(last)-398(years)-399(of)-398(our)]TJ -174.681 -13.549 Td [(period)-395(a)-395(very)-394(different)-395(figure)-395(has)-395(been)-394(glorified)-395(by)-395(the)-395(art)-394(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucian.)-248(Panthea,)-244(the)-243(mistress)-243(of)-243(L.)-243(Verus,)-244(completely)-243(fascinated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-345(imagination)-346(of)-345(Lucian)-346(when)-345(he)-346(saw)-345(her)-346(at)-345(Smyrna,)-369(during)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 136.431 Td [(693)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Catull.)-273(x.)-273(26;)-262(Tibull.)-273(i.)-273(3,)-259(33;)-262(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 121.887 0 Td [(Ars)-258(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.269 0 Td [(iii.)-273(635;)-262(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.112 0 Td [(Amor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.475 0 Td [(i.)-273(8,)-260(73;)-261(iii.)-273(9,)]TJ -231.699 -10.959 Td [(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.311 Td [(694)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xi.)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.394 Td [(695)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.481 0 Td [(xiii.)-427(12,)-324(46;)-339(xiv.)-427(2;)-338(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 96.196 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-324(xxviii.)-427(Acten)-309(libertam)-309(paullum)-309(abfuit)]TJ -138.566 -10.959 Td [(quin)-250(justo)-250(matrimonio)-250(sibi)-250(conjungeret.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.31 Td [(696)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(l.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.064 -7.311 Td [(697)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxvi.)-250(14.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 756 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 757 0 R /Resources 755 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 743 0 R >> endobj 758 0 obj << /D [756 0 R /XYZ 46.771 450.429 null] >> endobj 755 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 761 0 obj << /Length 5598 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(144)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-215(visit)-216(of)-215(her)-216(lover)-215(to)-216(the)-215(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.346 3.959 Td [(698)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.055 -3.959 Td [(Lucian)-215(pictures)-216(her)-215(delicately)]TJ -152.401 -13.549 Td [(chiselled)-218(beauty)-218(and)-218(grace)-217(of)-218(form)-218(by)-218(recalling)-218(the)-218(finest)-218(traits)-217(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-213(great)-213(masterpieces)-213(of)-213(Pheidias)-212(and)-213(Praxiteles)-213(and)-213(Calamis,)-220(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Euphranor)-254(and)-255(Polygnotus)-254(and)-254(Apelles;)-257(Panthea)-254(combines)-254(them)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all.)-231(She)-193(has)-193(a)-193(voice)-193(of)-194(a)-193(marvellous)-193(and)-193(mellow)-193(sweetness,)-204(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lingers)-370(in)-370(the)-370(ear)-370(with)-370(a)-370(haunting)-370(memory.)-610(And)-370(the)-370(soul)-370(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worthy)-323(of)-324(such)-323(a)-323(fair)-323(dwelling-place.)-470(In)-323(her)-324(love)-323(of)-323(music)-323(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poetry,)-306(combined)-294(with)-295(a)-294(masculine)-295(strength)-294(of)-295(intellect)-294(capable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-443(handling)-442(the)-443(highest)-442(problems)-443(in)-443(politics)-442(or)-443(dialectic,)-490(she)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-279(a)-278(worthy)-279(successor)-279(of)-278(those)-279(elder)-279(daughters)-278(of)-279(Ionia)-278(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charm)-253(and)-253(strength)-253(drew)-253(a)-253(Socrates)-254(or)-253(a)-253(Pericles)-253(to)-253(their)-253(feet.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(699)]TJ -340.932 -3.959 Td [([116])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Surrounded)-236(by)-237(luxury)-236(and)-237(the)-236(pomp)-236(of)-237(imperial)-236(rank,)-239(and)-236(linked)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-231(a)-231(very)-231(unworthy)-230(lover,)-235(Panthea)-231(never)-231(lost)-231(her)-231(natural)-230(modesty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(simple)-250(sweetness.)]TJ 11.956 -16.377 Td [(The)-523(great)-522(freedmen,)-591(who)-523(held)-523(the)-522(highest)-523(offices)-523(in)-522(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-284(service)-285(till)-284(the)-285(time)-284(of)-284(Hadrian)-285(with)-284(almost)-284(undisputed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sway,)-304(are)-293(interesting)-293(by)-293(reason)-293(of)-293(the)-293(strangely)-293(romantic)-293(career)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-345(some)-345(of)-345(them.)-535(But)-345(these)-345(are)-345(very)-345(exceptional)-345(cases.)-534(In)-345(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bureaux)-281(of)-281(finance,)-288(it)-281(has)-281(been)-281(discovered)-281(from)-281(the)-280(inscriptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-221(the)-221(officials)-221(were)-220(all)-221(of)-221(equestrian)-221(rank.)-240(On)-221(the)-221(other)-221(hand,)-226(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-282(number)-281(of)-282(the)-281(provincial)-282(procurators)-281(were)-282(freedmen.)-344(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-213(agents)-213(of)-213(the)-213(Emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.085 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-213(private)-213(fisc)-213(seem)-213(to)-213(have)-213(been)-213(nearly)]TJ -114.718 -13.55 Td [(always)-154(drawn)-154(from)-154(this)-154(class.)-218(The)-154(lower)-154(grades)-154(of)-154(the)-154(civil)-154(service)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-330(full)-330(of)-330(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.777 3.959 Td [(700)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.793 -3.959 Td [(But)-330(to)-330(the)-330(student)-329(of)-330(society,)-350(the)-330(official)]TJ -98.57 -13.549 Td [(freedmen)-263(are,)-266(as)-263(a)-263(class,)-266(not)-262(so)-263(interesting)-263(as)-263(their)-263(brethren)-262(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-223(these)-223(same)-223(years)-223(were)-223(making)-223(themselves)-223(masters)-223(of)-223(the)-223(trade)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-276(commercial)-276(capital)-276(of)-276(the)-276(Roman)-276(world.)-328(And)-276(the)-276(interest)-275(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(heightened)-267(by)-267(the)-267(vivid)-268(art)-267(with)-267(which)-267(Petronius)-267(has)-267(ushered)-267(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-350(the)-350(very)-350(heart)-350(of)-350(this)-350(rather)-350(vulgar)-350(society.)-550(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 240.627 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -240.627 -13.549 Td [(is)-440(to)-441(some)-440(extent)-441(a)-440(caricature.)-822(There)-440(were)-441(hosts)-440(of)-440(modest,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.149 Td [(698)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.458 0 Td [(Imag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.921 0 Td [(10.)-254(See)-251(Croiset)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 54.586 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.74 0 Td [(Lucien)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.407 0 Td [(,)-252(p.)-253(273,)-252(on)-251(the)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.871 0 Td [(Imagines)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.123 0 Td [(as)-251(illustrating)]TJ -232.048 -10.959 Td [(Lucian)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 24.9 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(power)-250(as)-250(a)-250(critic)-250(of)-250(art.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -27.637 -7.31 Td [(699)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Xen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.421 0 Td [(Mem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.407 0 Td [(iii.)-250(11;)-250(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.096 0 Td [(Menex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.379 0 Td [(c.)-250(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.01 -7.311 Td [(700)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.353 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(i.)-250(82.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 760 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 761 0 R /Resources 759 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 743 0 R >> endobj 762 0 obj << /D [760 0 R /XYZ 93.543 382.683 null] >> endobj 759 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 765 0 obj << /Length 5729 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(145)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(estimable)-233(freedmen)-233(whose)-233(only)-233(record)-233(is)-233(in)-233(two)-233(or)-233(three)-233(lines)-232(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-283(funeral)-282(slab.)-349(Yet)-282(a)-283(caricature)-283(must)-283(have)-282(a)-283(foundation)-283(of)-282(truth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-284(a)-285(careful)-284(reader)-284(may)-284(discover)-284(the)-285(truth)-284(under)-284(the)-284(humorous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exaggeration)-250(of)-250(Petronius.)]TJ 11.956 -18.026 Td [(The)-408(transition)-407(from)-408(the)-408(status)-407(of)-408(slave)-408(to)-407(that)-408(of)-407(freedman)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(was)-274(perhaps)-273(not)-274(so)-274(abrupt)-273(and)-274(marked)-273(as)-274(we)-274(might)-273(at)-274(first)-273(sight)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suppose.)-341(It)-280(is)-280(probable)-281(that)-280(many)-280(a)-280(slave)-280(of)-281(the)-280(better)-280(and)-280(more)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(intelligent)-172(class)-172(found)-173(little)-172(practical)-172(change)-172(in)-173(the)-172(tenor)-172(of)-172(his)-172(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-195(he)-194(received)-195(the)-194(touch)-195(of)-194(the)-194(wand)-195(before)-194(the)-195(praetor.)-231(Some,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-251(Melissus,)-252(the)-251(free-born)-251(slave)-251(of)-251(Maecenas,)-251(actually)-251(rejected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-383(proffered)-384(boon.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 86.823 3.959 Td [(701)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.546 -3.959 Td [(There)-383(was,)-417(of)-383(course,)-417(much)-384(cruelty)-383(to)]TJ -106.369 -13.549 Td [(slaves)-365(in)-364(many)-365(Roman)-365(households,)-393(and)-365(the)-364(absolute)-365(power)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-429(master,)-474(unrestrained)-429(by)-429(principle)-429(or)-429(kindly)-429(feeling,)-474(was)-429(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unmitigated)-239(curse)-239(till)-239(it)-240(was)-239(limited)-239(by)-239(the)-239(humane)-239(legislation)-239(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-316(second)-316(century.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 85.964 3.959 Td [(702)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.34 -3.959 Td [(But)-316(there)-316(must)-316(have)-316(been)-316(many)-316(houses,)]TJ -103.304 -13.549 Td [(like)-397(that)-397(of)-397(the)-397(younger)-397(Pliny,)-434(where)-397(the)-397(slaves)-397(were)-397(treated,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-324(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.917 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-324(phrase,)-343(as)-324(humble)-324(friends)-324(and)-323(real)-324(members)-324(of)-324(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.475 0 Td [([117])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(family,)-272(where)-268(their)-268(marriages)-267(were)-268(f\352ted)-268(with)-267(general)-268(gaiety,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(703)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(where)-356(their)-355(sicknesses)-356(were)-356(tenderly)-355(watched,)-382(and)-356(where)-355(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-406(truly)-405(mourned)-406(in)-406(death.)-716(The)-406(inscriptions)-406(reveal)-405(to)-406(us)-405(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(better)-248(side)-248(of)-248(slave)-248(life,)-249(which)-248(is)-248(not)-248(so)-248(prominent)-248(in)-248(our)-248(literary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(authorities.)-343(There)-280(is)-281(many)-281(an)-281(inscription)-281(recording)-281(the)-281(love)-280(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(faithfulness)-341(of)-341(the)-340(slave)-341(husband)-341(and)-341(wife,)-363(although)-341(not)-340(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-401(honoured)-401(names.)-702(And)-401(it)-401(is)-400(significant)-401(that)-401(on)-401(many)-400(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-223(tablets)-223(the)-222(honourable)-223(title)-223(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 153.956 0 Td [(conjunx)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.968 0 Td [(is)-223(taking)-223(the)-222(place)-223(of)]TJ -190.924 -13.549 Td [(the)-336(old)-337(servile)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 67.368 0 Td [(contubernalis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 59.999 0 Td [(.)-509(The)-337(inscriptions)-336(which)-337(testify)-336(to)]TJ -127.367 -13.549 Td [(the)-270(mutual)-270(love)-270(of)-271(master)-270(and)-270(servant)-270(are)-270(hardly)-270(less)-270(numerous.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(In)-362(one)-362(a)-362(master)-362(speaks)-361(of)-362(a)-362(slave-child)-362(of)-362(four)-362(years)-362(as)-361(being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dear)-398(to)-397(him)-398(as)-398(a)-397(son.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.739 3.959 Td [(704)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.014 -3.959 Td [(Another)-398(contains)-397(the)-398(memorial)-398(of)-397(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.269 Td [(701)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(De)-250(Ill.)-250(Gram.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.552 0 Td [(xxi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.683 -7.311 Td [(702)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(189;)-250(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.562 0 Td [(Id\351es)-250(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.045 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(208;)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.547 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(xvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -236.098 -7.31 Td [(703)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.847 0 Td [(De)-284(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.732 0 Td [(iii.)-352(21;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.034 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.75 0 Td [(47;)-301(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.009 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.75 0 Td [(ii.)-352(17,)-293(9;)-301(viii.)-352(16;)-301(cf.)-352(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 102.59 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.228 0 Td [(i.)]TJ -275.896 -10.959 Td [(175.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.311 Td [(704)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(2808.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 764 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 765 0 R /Resources 763 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 767 0 R >> endobj 766 0 obj << /D [764 0 R /XYZ 101.099 296.911 null] >> endobj 763 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 770 0 obj << /Length 5401 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(146)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(learned)-334(lady)-334(erected)-334(by)-334(her)-334(slave)-335(librarian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.199 3.959 Td [(705)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.932 -3.959 Td [(Another)-334(records)]TJ -209.131 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(love)-314(of)-313(a)-314(young)-314(noble)-314(for)-313(his)-314(nurse,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.749 3.959 Td [(706)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.05 -3.959 Td [(while)-314(another)-313(is)-314(the)]TJ -192.799 -13.549 Td [(pathetic)-211(tribute)-210(of)-211(the)-211(nurse)-210(to)-211(her)-210(young)-211(charge,)-219(who)-210(died)-211(at)-210(five)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-299(of)-300(age.)-397(The)-300(whole)-299(city)-299(household)-300(of)-299(another)-299(great)-299(family)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(subscribe)-188(from)-189(their)-188(humble)-189(savings)-188(for)-189(an)-188(affectionate)-188(memorial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-175(their)-175(young)-175(mistress.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.575 3.959 Td [(707)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.908 -3.959 Td [(Seneca,)-190(in)-175(his)-175(humanitarian)-175(tone)-175(about)]TJ -115.483 -13.549 Td [(slavery,)-245(represents)-244(a)-244(great)-243(moral)-244(movement,)-245(which)-244(was)-243(destined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-427(express)-427(itself)-427(in)-428(legislation)-427(under)-427(the)-427(Antonines.)-781(And)-427(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(energy)-430(with)-429(which)-430(Seneca)-430(denounced)-429(harsh)-430(or)-429(contemptuous)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conduct)-285(to)-284(these)-285(humble)-284(dependents)-284(had)-285(evidently)-284(behind)-285(it)-284(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-326(of)-327(a)-326(steadily)-327(growing)-326(sentiment.)-479(The)-327(master)-326(who)-326(abused)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(power)-250(was)-250(already)-250(beginning)-250(to)-250(be)-250(a)-250(marked)-250(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.102 3.959 Td [(708)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -223.146 -21.944 Td [(Frequent)-328(manumissions)-329(were)-328(swelling)-328(the)-329(freedman)-328(class)-328(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(enormous)-442(dimensions.)-825(The)-442(emancipation)-442(of)-442(slaves)-442(by)-441(dying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bequest)-429(was)-429(not)-429(then,)-473(indeed,)-474(inspired)-429(by)-429(the)-429(same)-428(religious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(motive)-316(as)-316(in)-315(the)-316(Middle)-316(Ages.)-447(But)-316(it)-315(was)-316(often)-316(dictated)-316(by)-315(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural,)-204(human)-193(wish)-193(to)-192(make)-193(some)-193(return)-193(to)-193(faithful)-192(servants,)-204(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-218(leave)-217(a)-218(memory)-218(of)-217(kindness)-218(behind.)-239(But)-218(without)-218(the)-217(voluntary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generosity)-231(of)-231(the)-231(master,)-234(the)-231(slave)-231(could)-231(easily)-231(purchase)-231(his)-230(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedom.)-578(The)-359(price)-359(of)-359(slaves)-360(varied)-359(enormously,)-386(according)-359(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-309(special)-308(aptitude)-309(and)-308(grade)-309(of)-308(service.)-426(It)-308(might)-309(range)-308(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(\2431700,)-301(in)-291(rare)-291(cases,)-301(to)-291(\24310,)-301(or)-291(even)-291(less,)-301(in)-291(our)-291(money.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.347 3.959 Td [(709)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.52 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.549 Td [(taking)-192(the)-191(average)-192(price)-191(of)-192(ordinary)-191(slaves,)-204(one)-191(careful)-192(and)-191(frugal)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([118])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(might)-372(sometimes)-372(save)-371(the)-372(cost)-372(of)-372(his)-371(freedom)-372(in)-372(a)-372(few)-371(years.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-251(slave,)-251(especially)-250(if)-251(he)-251(had)-250(any)-251(special)-251(gift,)-250(or)-251(if)-251(he)-250(occupied)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-431(prominent)-430(position)-431(in)-431(the)-431(household,)-475(had)-431(many)-431(chances)-430(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adding)-286(to)-285(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 60.262 0 Td [(peculium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.993 0 Td [(.)-357(But)-286(the)-285(commonest)-286(drudge)-286(might)-285(spare)]TJ -100.255 -13.549 Td [(something)-432(from)-432(the)-432(daily)-431(allowance)-432(of)-432(food.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.117 3.959 Td [(710)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.132 -3.959 Td [(Others,)-477(like)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.445 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.549 Td [(705)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2874.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(706)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2816.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(707)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2862.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(708)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(i.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.747 -7.31 Td [(709)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(174.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.534 -7.311 Td [(710)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.034 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.811 0 Td [(80,)-301(\247)-291(4,)-301(peculium)-291(suum)-291(quod)-291(comparaverunt)-291(ventre)-291(fraudato)-291(pro)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 769 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 770 0 R /Resources 768 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 767 0 R >> endobj 771 0 obj << /D [769 0 R /XYZ 209.407 215.657 null] >> endobj 768 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 774 0 obj << /Length 5954 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(147)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-491(cooks)-490(in)-491(Apuleius,)-551(might)-490(sell)-491(their)-490(perquisites)-491(from)-490(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remains)-260(of)-261(a)-260(banquet.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.257 3.959 Td [(711)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.52 -3.959 Td [(The)-260(door-keepers,)-263(a)-261(class)-260(notorious)-261(for)]TJ -109.777 -13.549 Td [(their)-337(insolence)-338(in)-337(Martial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 112.848 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-337(day,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.405 3.959 Td [(712)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.373 -3.959 Td [(often)-337(levied)-338(heavy)-337(tolls)-338(for)]TJ -159.258 -13.549 Td [(admission)-269(to)-269(their)-270(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 110.624 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-269(presence.)-308(And)-269(good-natured)-269(visitors)]TJ -114.256 -13.55 Td [(would)-329(not)-328(depart)-329(without)-329(leaving)-328(a)-329(gift)-329(to)-328(those)-329(who)-329(had)-328(done)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-290(service.)-370(It)-289(must)-290(also)-290(be)-290(remembered)-290(that)-290(the)-290(slave)-289(system)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-206(antiquity)-206(covered)-206(much)-207(of)-206(the)-206(ground)-206(of)-206(our)-206(modern)-206(industrial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(organisation.)-325(A)-275(great)-275(household,)-282(or)-275(a)-275(great)-275(estate,)-281(was)-275(a)-275(society)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(almost)-464(complete)-465(in)-464(itself.)-893(And)-464(intelligent)-465(slaves)-464(were)-464(often)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(entrusted)-263(with)-262(the)-263(entire)-262(management)-263(of)-262(certain)-263(departments.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(713)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(The)-408(great)-408(rural)-408(properties)-408(had)-408(their)-408(quarries,)-447(brickworks,)-447(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mines;)-299(and)-282(manufactures)-283(of)-282(all)-283(kinds)-282(were)-283(carried)-282(on)-283(by)-282(servile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(industry,)-363(with)-340(slaves)-340(or)-340(freedmen)-341(as)-340(managers.)-520(The)-340(merchant,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-382(banker,)-415(the)-382(contractor,)-414(the)-382(publisher,)-415(had)-382(to)-382(use,)-415(not)-381(only)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(slave)-340(labour,)-362(but)-340(slave)-340(skill)-340(and)-340(superintendence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.031 3.959 Td [(714)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.121 -3.959 Td [(The)-340(great)]TJ -238.152 -13.549 Td [(household)-377(needed)-377(to)-377(be)-377(organised)-377(under)-377(chiefs.)-631(And)-377(on)-376(rural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(estates,)-476(down)-430(to)-430(the)-431(end)-430(of)-431(the)-430(Western)-431(Empire,)-475(the)-430(villicus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-343(procurator)-343(was)-343(nearly)-343(always)-343(a)-343(man)-344(of)-343(servile)-343(origin.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 253.316 3.959 Td [(715)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.227 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(these)-251(various)-251(capacities,)-251(the)-251(trusted)-251(slave)-251(was)-251(often)-251(practically)-250(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(partner,)-340(with)-321(a)-322(share)-321(of)-322(the)-322(profits,)-339(or)-322(he)-322(had)-321(a)-322(commission)-321(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(returns.)-356(Such)-285(a)-285(fortunate)-285(servant,)-294(by)-285(hoarding)-285(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 237.91 0 Td [(peculium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.993 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(might)-389(soon)-388(become)-389(a)-389(capitalist)-388(on)-389(his)-389(own)-388(account,)-424(and)-388(well)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(able,)-381(if)-356(he)-355(chose,)-381(to)-355(purchase)-355(his)-356(freedom.)-565(His)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 217.386 0 Td [(peculium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.992 0 Td [(,)-381(like)]TJ -257.378 -13.549 Td [(that)-242(of)-242(the)-241(son)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 64.484 0 Td [(in)-242(manu)-242(patris)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 63.464 0 Td [(,)-243(was)-242(of)-242(course)-242(by)-241(law)-242(the)-242(property)]TJ -127.948 -13.549 Td [(of)-293(his)-293(master.)-380(But)-293(the)-293(security)-294(of)-293(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 166.21 0 Td [(peculium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.191 0 Td [(was)-293(the)-293(security)]TJ -209.401 -13.55 Td [(for)-435(good)-435(service.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.647 3.959 Td [(716)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.229 -3.959 Td [(Thus)-435(a)-435(useful)-434(and)-435(favourite)-435(slave)-435(often)]TJ -98.876 -13.549 Td [(easily)-308(became)-308(a)-308(freedman,)-322(sometimes)-308(by)-308(purchase,)-322(or,)-323(as)-307(often)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 152.726 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 143.902 Td [(capite)-250(numerant.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.31 Td [(711)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(x.)-250(14;)-250(cf.)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.992 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(ii.)-250(397.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -157.893 -7.311 Td [(712)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(v.)-567(22,)-382(10,)-382(negat)-355(lasso)-356(janitor)-355(esse)-356(domi;)-408(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 174.887 0 Td [(Nec.)-567(Inj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.656 0 Td [(xiv.)-567(cubicularii)]TJ -223.498 -10.959 Td [(supercilium.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(713)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(R.)-250(H.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(380)-250(\050Tr.\051)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.001 -7.311 Td [(714)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(162)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.533 -7.394 Td [(715)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(C.)-250(Th.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(ix.)-250(30,)-250(2;)-250(ii.)-250(30,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -36.121 -7.311 Td [(716)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(163.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 773 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 774 0 R /Resources 772 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 767 0 R >> endobj 772 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 777 0 obj << /Length 5964 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(148)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(happened)-349(in)-350(the)-349(case)-350(of)-349(servants)-350(of)-349(the)-349(imperial)-350(house,)-374(by)-349(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(free)-215(gift)-215(of)-215(the)-215(lord.)-238(There)-215(are)-215(even)-215(cases)-215(on)-215(record)-215(where)-215(a)-215(slave)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([119])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(was)-230(left)-230(heir)-230(of)-230(his)-230(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.911 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-230(property.)-243(Trimalchio)-230(boasted)-230(that)-230(he)]TJ -115.544 -13.549 Td [(had)-250(been)-250(made)-250(by)-250(his)-250(master)-250(joint)-250(heir)-250(with)-250(the)-250(Emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 250.571 3.958 Td [(717)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -238.615 -18.324 Td [(The)-389(tie)-388(between)-389(patron)-388(and)-389(freedman)-389(was)-388(very)-389(close.)-665(The)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(emancipated)-317(slave)-317(had)-317(often)-317(been)-317(a)-317(trusted)-318(favourite,)-333(and)-317(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-343(friend)-344(of)-343(the)-344(family,)-366(and)-344(his)-343(lord)-344(was)-343(under)-344(an)-343(obligation)-343(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provide)-276(for)-276(his)-276(future.)-328(The)-276(freedman)-276(frequently)-276(remained)-276(in)-276(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(household,)-340(with)-322(probably)-322(little)-321(real)-322(change)-322(in)-322(his)-322(position.)-465(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patron)-285(owed)-284(him)-285(at)-285(least)-284(support)-285(and)-285(shelter.)-354(But)-284(he)-285(often)-284(gave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him,)-228(besides,)-229(the)-222(means)-223(of)-223(an)-223(independent)-223(life,)-228(a)-223(farm,)-228(a)-223(shop,)-228(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capital)-260(to)-260(start)-260(in)-260(some)-260(trade.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 126.591 3.959 Td [(718)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.508 -3.959 Td [(In)-260(the)-260(time)-260(of)-260(Ovid,)-263(a)-260(freedman)]TJ -142.099 -13.549 Td [(of)-453(M.)-454(Aurelius)-453(Cotta)-454(had)-453(more)-454(than)-453(once)-454(received)-453(from)-453(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(patron)-345(the)-346(fortune)-345(of)-345(a)-346(knight,)-369(besides)-345(ample)-346(provision)-345(for)-345(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(children.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 38.477 3.959 Td [(719)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.83 -3.959 Td [(A)-361(similar)-362(act)-361(of)-362(generosity,)-389(which)-362(was)-361(recklessly)]TJ -57.307 -13.549 Td [(abused,)-279(is)-273(recorded)-273(by)-273(Martial.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.184 3.959 Td [(720)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.932 -3.959 Td [(By)-273(ancient)-273(law,)-279(as)-273(well)-273(as)-272(by)]TJ -152.116 -13.549 Td [(sentiment,)-373(senators)-348(were)-349(forbidden)-348(to)-348(soil)-349(themselves)-348(by)-348(trade)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-371(usury.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.097 3.958 Td [(721)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.123 -3.958 Td [(But)-371(so)-370(inconvenient)-371(a)-370(prohibition)-370(was)-371(sure)-370(to)-371(be)]TJ -59.22 -13.55 Td [(evaded.)-419(And)-306(probably)-306(the)-306(most)-307(frequent)-306(means)-306(of)-306(evasion)-306(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-242(entrusting)-242(senatorial)-243(capital)-242(to)-242(freedmen)-242(or)-242(clients,)-244(or)-242(even)-242(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(higher)-302(class)-301(of)-301(slaves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.032 3.959 Td [(722)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.858 -3.959 Td [(When)-301(Trimalchio)-301(began)-302(to)-301(rise)-301(in)]TJ -130.89 -13.549 Td [(the)-345(social)-345(scale,)-368(he)-345(gave)-345(up)-345(trade,)-368(and)-345(employed)-345(his)-345(capital)-344(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(financing)-253(men)-254(of)-253(the)-253(freedman)-254(class.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.351 3.958 Td [(723)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.289 -3.958 Td [(These)-253(people,)-254(generally)]TJ -176.64 -13.55 Td [(of)-253(Levantine)-254(origin,)-254(had)-254(the)-253(aptitude)-254(for)-253(commerce)-254(which)-253(has)-253(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-189(times)-189(been)-189(a)-189(characteristic)-188(of)-189(their)-189(race.)-230(And,)-201(in)-189(the)-189(time)-189(of)-188(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Empire,)-222(almost)-215(all)-215(trade)-215(and)-215(industry)-215(was)-214(in)-215(their)-215(hands.)-239(The)-214(tale)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-182(Petronius)-183(reveals)-182(the)-183(secret)-182(of)-183(their)-182(success.)-228(They)-182(value)-182(money)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.44 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 147.628 Td [(717)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(76.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.543 -7.311 Td [(718)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(165.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.534 -7.311 Td [(719)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(178,)-250(n.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(720)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(v.)-250(70;)-250(cf.)-250(vii.)-250(64.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(721)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-327(xxi.)-328(63,)-282(quaestus)-276(omnis)-276(patribus)-276(indecorus)-275(visus;)-289(D.)-276(Cass.)-327(69.)-328(16;)-289(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -11.956 -10.959 Td [(C.)-250(Th.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(1,)-250(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.628 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Godefroy)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 34.359 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(note.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -104.604 -7.31 Td [(722)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Cat.)-250(Maj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.367 0 Td [(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.011 -7.311 Td [(723)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(77,)-250(sustuli)-250(me)-250(de)-250(negotiatione)-250(et)-250(coepi)-250(libertos)-250(foenerare.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 776 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 777 0 R /Resources 775 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 767 0 R >> endobj 778 0 obj << /D [776 0 R /XYZ 141.773 504.626 null] >> endobj 775 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 781 0 obj << /Length 5645 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(149)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(beyond)-361(anything)-362(else;)-417(it)-362(is)-361(the)-361(one)-362(object)-361(of)-362(their)-361(lives.)-584(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(frankly)-217(estimate)-218(a)-217(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.606 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-217(worth)-218(and)-217(character)-217(in)-217(terms)-218(of)-217(cash.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.938 3.959 Td [(724)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Keen,)-446(energetic,)-445(and)-406(unscrupulous,)-446(they)-406(will)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 208.753 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(pick)-406(a)-407(farthing)]TJ -213.596 -13.549 Td [(out)-282(of)-281(a)-282(dung-heap)-281(with)-282(their)-281(teeth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.949 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(lead)-282(turns)-281(to)-282(gold)-281(in)-282(their)]TJ -168.913 -13.55 Td [(hands.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.179 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(725)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.852 -3.959 Td [(They)-403(are)-404(entirely)-403(of)-403(Vespasian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 140.585 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-403(opinion)-403(that)-404(gold)]TJ -194.092 -13.549 Td [(from)-370(any)-369(quarter,)-400(however)-370(unsavoury,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.132 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(never)-370(smells.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.873 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.876 0 Td [(Taking)]TJ -249.725 -13.549 Td [(the)-298(world)-297(as)-298(it)-297(was,)-310(in)-297(many)-298(respects)-298(they)-297(deserved)-298(to)-297(succeed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-261(were)-261(not,)-263(indeed,)-263(encumbered)-261(with)-261(dignity)-261(or)-260(self-respect.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-421(had)-422(one)-421(goal,)-464(and)-421(they)-421(worked)-422(towards)-421(it)-421(with)-421(infinite)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([120])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(industry)-449(and)-449(unfailing)-448(courage)-449(and)-449(self-confidence.)-846(Nothing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(daunts)-418(or)-419(dismays)-418(them.)-755(If)-419(a)-418(fleet)-418(of)-419(merchantmen,)-460(worth)-418(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(large)-301(fortune,)-314(is)-302(lost)-301(in)-301(a)-301(storm,)-314(the)-302(freedman)-301(speculator)-301(will)-301(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-346(sell)-345(his)-346(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.175 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-346(clothes)-345(and)-346(jewels,)-369(and)-346(start)-345(cheerfully)-346(on)]TJ -82.808 -13.549 Td [(a)-296(fresh)-296(venture.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.553 3.958 Td [(726)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.686 -3.958 Td [(When)-296(his)-296(great)-296(ambition)-296(has)-296(been)-296(achieved,)]TJ -85.239 -13.55 Td [(he)-409(enjoys)-408(its)-409(fruits)-408(after)-409(his)-408(kind)-408(in)-409(all)-408(ages.)-726(Excluded)-408(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-443(great)-443(world)-443(of)-444(hereditary)-443(culture,)-491(these)-443(people)-443(caricature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-494(tastes,)-554(and)-494(imitate)-494(all)-494(its)-494(vices,)-554(without)-494(catching)-494(even)-493(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reflection)-357(of)-356(its)-357(charm)-357(and)-356(refinement.)-570(The)-357(selfish)-357(egotism)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-269(dissipated)-270(noble)-269(might)-269(be)-269(bad)-270(enough,)-274(but)-269(it)-269(was)-269(sometimes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(veiled)-368(by)-367(a)-368(careless)-367(grace,)-397(or)-368(an)-368(occasional)-367(deference)-368(to)-367(lofty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tradition.)-479(The)-326(selfishness)-326(and)-326(grossness)-327(of)-326(the)-326(upstart)-326(is)-326(naked)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-238(not)-239(ashamed,)-240(or)-239(we)-238(might)-238(almost)-239(say,)-240(it)-239(glories)-238(in)-238(its)-238(shame.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Its)-445(luxury)-445(is)-444(a)-445(tasteless)-445(attempt)-445(to)-444(vie)-445(with)-445(the)-445(splendour)-444(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aristocratic)-370(banquets.)-612(The)-370(carver)-371(and)-370(the)-371(waiter)-370(perform)-370(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tasks)-392(to)-391(the)-392(beat)-392(of)-391(a)-392(deafening)-392(music.)-675(Art)-391(and)-392(literature)-391(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prostituted)-204(to)-205(the)-204(service)-205(of)-204(this)-204(vulgar)-205(parade)-204(of)-205(new)-204(wealth,)-213(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-228(divine)-228(Homer)-227(is)-228(profaned)-228(by)-228(a)-227(man)-228(who)-228(thinks)-228(that)-227(Hannibal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fought)-408(in)-408(the)-407(Trojan)-408(War.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 118.68 3.959 Td [(727)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.343 -3.959 Td [(The)-408(conversation)-407(is)-408(of)-408(the)-408(true)]TJ -139.023 -13.549 Td [(bourgeois)-216(tone,)-222(with)-215(all)-216(its)-215(emphasis)-216(on)-215(the)-216(obvious,)-222(its)-215(unctuous)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.352 Td [(724)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(77,)-250(assem)-250(habeas,)-250(assem)-250(valeas.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(725)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-709(43,)-441(paratus)-402(fuit)-403(quadrantem)-403(de)-403(stercore)-403(mordicus)-403(tollere:)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 229.197 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(in)-403(manu)]TJ -250.118 -10.959 Td [(illius)-250(plumbum)-250(aurum)-250(fiebat.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(726)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(76.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(727)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(50)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 780 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 781 0 R /Resources 779 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 767 0 R >> endobj 782 0 obj << /D [780 0 R /XYZ 73.785 409.782 null] >> endobj 779 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 785 0 obj << /Length 6218 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(150)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(moralising,)-250(its)-250(platitudes)-250(consecrated)-250(by)-250(their)-250(antiquity.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(It)-152(is)-151(this)-152(society)-152(which)-152(is)-152(drawn)-151(for)-152(us)-152(with)-152(such)-151(a)-152(sure,)-171(masterly)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(hand,)-329(and)-314(with)-313(such)-313(graceful)-314(ease,)-329(by)-313(Petronius.)-440(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 240.627 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -240.627 -13.549 Td [(is)-362(well)-361(known)-362(to)-362(be)-361(one)-362(of)-361(the)-362(great)-362(puzzles)-361(and)-362(mysteries)-361(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Roman)-309(literature.)-427(Scholars)-309(have)-309(held)-309(the)-309(most)-309(widely)-308(different)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opinions)-260(as)-260(to)-260(its)-260(date,)-262(its)-260(author,)-262(and)-260(its)-260(purpose.)-280(The)-260(scene)-259(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-370(laid)-371(in)-370(the)-371(reign)-370(of)-371(Augustus)-370(or)-371(of)-370(Tiberius,)-400(and,)-401(on)-370(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strength)-264(of)-264(a)-265(misinterpreted)-264(inscription,)-268(even)-264(as)-264(late)-264(as)-264(the)-264(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-384(Alexander)-384(Severus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.171 3.958 Td [(728)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.572 -3.958 Td [(Those)-384(who)-384(have)-384(attributed)-385(it)-384(to)-384(the)]TJ -119.743 -13.55 Td [(friend)-262(and)-262(victim)-262(of)-262(Nero)-262(have)-262(been)-262(confronted)-262(with)-262(the)-261(silence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-336(Quintilian,)-358(Juvenal,)-357(and)-336(Martial,)-357(with)-336(the)-336(silence)-336(of)-336(Tacitus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-241(to)-240(any)-241(literary)-240(work)-241(by)-240(Petronius,)-242(whose)-241(character)-240(and)-241(end)-240(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-226(described)-226(with)-227(a)-226(curious)-226(sympathy)-226(and)-226(care.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.043 3.959 Td [(729)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.094 -3.959 Td [(It)-226(is)-226(only)-227(late)]TJ -224.137 -13.549 Td [(critics)-196(of)-195(the)-196(lower)-195(empire,)-206(such)-196(as)-195(Macrobius,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 200.46 3.958 Td [(730)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.705 -3.958 Td [(and)-195(a)-196(dilettante)]TJ -215.165 -13.55 Td [(aristocrat)-277(like)-277(Sidonius)-277(Apollinaris,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.033 3.959 Td [(731)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.549 -3.959 Td [(who)-277(pay)-277(any)-277(attention)-277(to)]TJ -171.582 -13.549 Td [(this)-357(remarkable)-356(work)-357(of)-356(genius.)-569(And)-357(Sidonius)-356(seems)-357(to)-356(make)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([121])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(its)-357(author)-357(a)-356(citizen)-357(of)-357(Marseilles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.834 3.959 Td [(732)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.677 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-357(silence)-357(in)-356(such)-357(cases)]TJ -167.511 -13.549 Td [(may)-331(be)-332(very)-331(deceptive.)-494(Martial)-332(and)-331(Statius)-332(never)-331(mention)-331(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another,)-251(and)-250(both)-250(might)-251(seem)-250(unknown)-250(to)-251(Tacitus.)-251(And)-250(Tacitus,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(after)-186(the)-185(fashion)-186(of)-186(the)-185(Roman)-186(aristocrat,)-198(in)-186(painting)-186(the)-185(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-361(Petronius,)-390(may)-361(not)-362(have)-361(thought)-362(it)-361(relevant)-362(or)-361(important)-361(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(notice)-212(a)-211(light)-212(work)-211(such)-212(as)-211(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 132.498 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.003 0 Td [(,)-219(even)-212(if)-211(he)-212(had)-211(ever)-212(seen)]TJ -172.501 -13.549 Td [(it.)-459(He)-319(does)-320(not)-320(think)-319(it)-320(worth)-319(while)-320(to)-320(mention)-319(the)-320(histories)-319(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(Emperor)-272(Claudius,)-277(the)-272(tragedies)-272(of)-272(Seneca,)-277(or)-272(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 237.672 0 Td [(Punica)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.871 0 Td [(of)]TJ -271.543 -13.55 Td [(Silius)-210(Italicus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.997 3.959 Td [(733)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.035 -3.959 Td [(Tacitus,)-218(like)-210(Thucydides,)-218(is)-210(too)-210(much)-210(absorbed)]TJ -77.032 -13.549 Td [(in)-261(the)-261(social)-261(tragedy)-261(of)-262(his)-261(time)-261(to)-261(have)-261(any)-261(thought)-261(to)-261(spare)-261(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-278(artistic)-277(efforts.)-333(The)-278(rather)-277(shallow,)-285(easy-going)-277(Pliny)-278(has)-277(told)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us)-318(far)-317(more)-318(of)-318(social)-318(life)-317(in)-318(the)-318(reigns)-317(of)-318(Domitian)-318(and)-317(Trajan,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.32 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.508 Td [(728)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(1175;)-250(cf.)-250(Teuffel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.989 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.372 0 Td [(ii.)-250(\247)-250(300,)-250(n.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.512 -7.311 Td [(729)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(18,)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.31 Td [(730)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(Som.)-250(Scip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.847 0 Td [(i.)-250(2,)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -83.922 -7.311 Td [(731)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sidon.)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.319 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.908 0 Td [(ix.)-250(268.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.934 -7.31 Td [(732)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sidon.)-245(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.238 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.786 0 Td [(xxiii.)-245(155,)-240(et)-236(te)-236(Massiliensium)-236(per)-237(hortos)-236(sacri)-236(stipitis,)]TJ -86.979 -10.959 Td [(Arbiter,)-250(colonum)-250(Hellespontiaco)-250(parem)-250(Priapo,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(733)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xii.)-250(8;)-250(xiii.)-250(2;)-250(xv.)-250(45,)-250(60,)-250(65;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 120.804 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iii.)-250(65.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 784 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 785 0 R /Resources 783 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 767 0 R >> endobj 786 0 obj << /D [784 0 R /XYZ 121.672 314.937 null] >> endobj 783 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 789 0 obj << /Length 5365 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(151)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(its)-239(rural)-239(pleasures)-240(and)-239(its)-239(futile)-239(literary)-240(ambitions,)-241(than)-239(the)-239(great,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gloomy)-396(historian)-395(who)-396(was)-395(absorbed)-396(i)1(n)-396(the)-395(vicissitudes)-396(of)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deadly)-372(duel)-372(between)-372(the)-371(Senate)-372(and)-372(the)-372(Emperors.)-616(One)-371(thing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-344(certain)-344(about)-344(the)-344(author)-344(of)-344(this)-344(famous)-344(piece)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 212.414 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(he)-344(was)-344(not)-344(a)]TJ -223.324 -13.55 Td [(plebeian)-329(man)-328(about)-329(town,)-348(although)-329(it)-329(may)-328(be)-329(doubted)-328(whether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(M.)-321(Boissier)-321(is)-321(safe)-321(in)-321(maintaining)-321(that)-321(such)-321(a)-321(writer)-321(would)-321(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-401(chosen)-400(his)-401(own)-401(environment)-400(of)-401(the)-401(Suburra)-400(as)-401(the)-400(field)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-314(his)-313(imagination.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.145 3.959 Td [(734)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.263 -3.959 Td [(It)-314(is)-313(safer)-314(to)-314(seek)-313(for)-314(light)-313(on)-314(the)-314(social)]TJ -104.408 -13.549 Td [(status)-387(of)-387(the)-388(author)-387(in)-387(the)-387(tone)-387(of)-387(his)-388(work.)-661(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 229.127 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.227 0 Td [(is)]TJ -273.354 -13.55 Td [(emphatically)-240(the)-240(production)-240(of)-240(a)-240(cultivated)-240(aristocrat,)-242(who)-240(looks)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-421(with)-420(serene)-421(and)-420(amused)-420(scorn)-421(on)-420(the)-421(vulgar)-420(bourgeois)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world)-350(which)-351(he)-350(is)-350(painting.)-552(He)-350(is)-350(interested)-351(in)-350(it,)-375(but)-351(it)-350(is)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interest)-353(of)-353(the)-353(detached,)-379(artistic)-353(observer,)-379(whose)-353(own)-353(world)-353(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-281(far)-281(off.)-344(Encolpius)-281(and)-281(Trimalchio)-281(and)-281(his)-281(coarse)-281(freedman)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(friends)-192(are)-193(people)-192(with)-193(whom)-192(the)-193(author)-192(would)-193(never)-192(have)-192(dined,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-272(whom,)-277(at)-271(a)-272(safe)-272(social)-271(distance,)-277(he)-272(found)-272(infinitely)-271(amusing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-293(well)-293(as)-294(disgusting.)-379(He)-293(saw)-294(that)-293(a)-293(great)-293(social)-293(revolution)-293(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(going)-282(on)-282(before)-281(his)-282(eyes,)-290(that)-282(the)-281(old)-282(slave)-282(minion,)-290(with)-281(estates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-270(three)-271(continents,)-275(was)-270(becoming)-271(the)-270(rival)-270(of)-271(the)-270(great)-270(noble)-270(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wealth,)-254(that)-254(the)-253(new-sprung)-254(class)-253(were)-254(presenting)-253(to)-254(the)-253(world)-253(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vulgar)-337(caricature)-337(of)-337(the)-336(luxury)-337(in)-337(the)-337(palaces)-337(on)-337(the)-336(Esquiline.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Probably)-196(he)-197(thought)-196(it)-196(all)-196(bad,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 129.19 3.959 Td [(735)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.712 -3.959 Td [(but)-196(the)-197(bad)-196(became)-196(worse)-196(when)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.122 0 Td [([122])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(it)-377(was)-377(coarse)-377(and)-376(vulgar.)-631(The)-377(ignorant)-377(assumption)-377(of)-376(literary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-433(artistic)-432(taste)-433(in)-433(Trimalchio)-433(must)-432(have)-433(been)-433(contrasted)-432(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-411(author)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.682 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-411(mind)-410(with)-411(many)-410(an)-411(evening)-410(at)-411(the)-410(palace,)-451(when)]TJ -49.315 -13.55 Td [(Nero,)-223(in)-216(his)-215(better)-216(moods,)-223(would)-216(recite)-216(his)-216(far)-216(from)-215(contemptible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(verses,)-350(or)-329(his)-330(favourite)-330(passages)-330(from)-329(Euripides,)-350(and)-330(when)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-314(style)-314(of)-314(Lucan)-313(would)-314(be)-314(balanced)-314(against)-314(that)-314(of)-314(the)-313(great)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.844 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.031 Td [(734)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.839 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.879 0 Td [(p.)-248(257,)-246(ce)-245(n)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 41.491 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(est)-245(pas)-245(la)-245(coutume)-245(qu)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 77.022 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(on)-245(mette)-245(son)-245(id\351al)-245(pr\350s)]TJ -198.129 -10.959 Td [(de)-250(soi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(735)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-243(88,)-232(at)-228(nos)-227(vino)-228(scortisque)-228(demersi)-228(ne)-227(paratas)-228(quidem)-228(artes)-228(audemus)]TJ -11.955 -10.959 Td [(cognoscere,)-481(sed)-435(accusatores)-434(antiquitatis)-435(vitia)-435(tantum)-435(docemus)-434(et)-435(discimus.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(This)-250(rather)-250(applies)-250(to)-250(the)-250(higher)-250(cultivated)-250(class.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 788 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 789 0 R /Resources 787 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 791 0 R >> endobj 790 0 obj << /D [788 0 R /XYZ 240.122 233.642 null] >> endobj 787 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 794 0 obj << /Length 5421 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(152)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(old)-361(masters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.939 3.959 Td [(736)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.827 -3.959 Td [(And)-361(the)-362(man)-361(who)-362(had)-361(been)-361(charmed)-362(with)-361(the)]TJ -72.766 -13.549 Td [(sprightly)-451(grace)-452(of)-451(the)-452(stately)-451(and)-451(charming)-452(Poppaea)-451(may)-451(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forgiven)-341(for)-341(showing)-342(his)-341(hard)-341(contempt)-341(for)-341(Fortunata,)-364(who,)-364(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-242(middle)-242(of)-241(dinner,)-244(runs)-241(off)-242(to)-242(count)-242(the)-241(silver)-242(and)-242(deal)-242(out)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(slaves)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.662 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.906 0 Td [(share)-300(of)-300(the)-300(leavings,)-312(and)-300(returns)-300(to)-300(get)-300(drunk)-300(and)-300(fight)]TJ -33.568 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(one)-250(of)-250(her)-250(guests.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.077 3.959 Td [(737)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -87.121 -19.18 Td [(The)-312(motive)-311(of)-312(the)-311(work)-312(has)-311(been)-312(much)-312(debated.)-434(It)-312(has)-311(been)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(thought)-369(a)-370(satire)-369(on)-369(the)-369(Neronian)-369(circle,)-399(and)-370(again)-369(an)-369(effort)-369(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gratify)-197(it,)-207(by)-197(a)-196(revelation)-197(of)-196(the)-197(corruptions)-197(of)-196(the)-197(plebeian)-196(world,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-197(same)-197(impulse)-196(which)-197(drove)-197(Messalina)-197(to)-196(the)-197(brothel,)-208(and)-196(Nero)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-299(range)-300(the)-299(taverns)-300(at)-299(midnight.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.89 3.959 Td [(738)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.796 -3.959 Td [(It)-299(has)-300(been)-299(thought)-300(a)-299(satire)]TJ -160.686 -13.549 Td [(on)-395(the)-395(insolence)-395(and)-396(grossness)-395(of)-395(Pallas)-395(and)-395(the)-395(freedmen)-395(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-383(Claudian)-382(r\351gime)-383(which)-383(Nero)-382(detested,)-416(to)-383(amuse)-383(him)-382(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-442(their)-443(vulgar)-442(absurdities.)-828(Is)-442(it)-443(not)-442(possible)-443(that)-442(the)-442(writer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-278(merely)-279(pleasing)-278(himself)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 125.454 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(that)-278(he)-279(was)-278(simply)-278(following)-278(the)]TJ -136.363 -13.549 Td [(impulse)-460(of)-460(genius?)-881(Since)-460(the)-460(seventh)-460(century)-460(the)-460(work)-460(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-352(existed)-352(in)-352(fragments.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.662 3.958 Td [(739)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.518 -3.958 Td [(Who)-352(can)-352(tell)-352(how)-352(much)-352(the)-352(lost)]TJ -135.18 -13.55 Td [(portions,)-246(if)-245(we)-244(possessed)-245(them,)-246(might)-245(affect)-244(our)-245(judgment)-245(of)-244(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(object)-327(of)-326(the)-327(work?)-479(One)-327(thing)-326(is)-327(certain,)-345(its)-327(author)-326(was)-327(a)-326(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(complex)-293(character,)-303(and)-293(would)-293(probably)-293(have)-293(smiled)-293(at)-293(some)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-192(lumbering)-191(efforts)-192(to)-191(read)-192(his)-192(secret.)-230(Even)-192(though)-191(he)-192(may)-191(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-251(no)-251(lofty)-250(purpose,)-251(a)-251(weary)-251(man)-250(of)-251(pleasure)-251(may)-251(have)-250(wished)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-209(display,)-217(in)-209(its)-209(grossest,)-217(vulgarest)-209(form,)-218(the)-209(life)-208(of)-209(which)-209(he)-209(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tasted)-356(the)-357(pleasures,)-383(and)-356(which)-357(he)-356(had)-356(seen)-357(turning)-356(into)-356(Dead)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sea)-395(fruit.)-686(He)-395(was)-395(probably)-395(a)-395(bad)-396(man)-395(in)-395(his)-395(conduct,)-431(worse)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-310(in)-311(his)-310(imagination;)-341(and)-310(yet,)-325(by)-311(a)-310(strange)-310(contradiction,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-215(is)-214(not)-215(unexampled)-215(in)-214(the)-215(history)-215(of)-214(character,)-222(he)-215(may)-214(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-359(dreams)-359(of)-359(a)-359(refined)-359(purity)-359(and)-359(temperance)-359(which)-359(tortured)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(embittered)-250(him)-250(by)-250(their)-250(contrast)-250(with)-250(actual)-250(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([123])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -15.221 Td [(Out)-198(of)-199(the)-198(smoke)-198(of)-199(controversy,)-208(the)-199(conclusion)-198(seems)-198(to)-198(have)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.31 Td [(736)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(118;)-250(cf.)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 91.403 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(213.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -131.004 -7.311 Td [(737)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(70,)-250(67.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(738)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(115;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.005 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -96.645 -7.311 Td [(739)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Teuffel.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.871 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.372 0 Td [(\247)-250(300,)-250(n.)-250(1.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 793 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 794 0 R /Resources 792 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 791 0 R >> endobj 795 0 obj << /D [793 0 R /XYZ 93.543 134.747 null] >> endobj 792 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 798 0 obj << /Length 6251 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(153)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(emerged)-354(that)-355(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 78.85 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.869 0 Td [(is)-354(a)-355(work)-354(of)-354(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.893 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-354(reign,)-381(and)-354(that)]TJ -207.245 -13.549 Td [(its)-367(author)-367(was)-367(in)-367(all)-367(probability)-367(that)-367(Caius)-367(Petronius)-367(who)-366(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.808 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-340(close)-340(companion,)-363(and)-340(who)-340(fell)-339(a)-340(victim)-340(to)-340(the)-340(jealousy)]TJ -25.44 -13.549 Td [(of)-357(Tigellinus.)-572(Not)-357(the)-357(least)-357(cogent)-358(proof)-357(of)-357(this)-357(is)-357(the)-357(literary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(criticism)-278(of)-277(the)-278(work.)-333(It)-277(is)-278(well)-277(known)-278(that)-277(Lucan,)-285(belonging)-277(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-315(Spanish)-315(family)-314(of)-315(the)-315(Senecas,)-331(had)-314(thrown)-315(off)-315(many)-315(of)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conventions)-219(of)-219(Roman)-219(literature,)-225(and)-219(discarded)-219(the)-219(machinery)-218(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(epic)-188(mythology)-188(in)-188(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 94.877 0 Td [(Pharsalia)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.036 0 Td [(.)-229(He)-188(had)-188(also)-188(incurred)-188(the)-188(literary)]TJ -137.913 -13.549 Td [(jealousy)-258(of)-257(Nero.)-273(The)-257(attack)-258(in)-257(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 154.646 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.813 0 Td [(on)-257(Lucan)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.98 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-258(literary)]TJ -242.072 -13.55 Td [(aberrations)-341(can)-342(hardly)-341(be)-342(mistaken.)-524(The)-341(old)-342(poet)-341(Eumolpus)-341(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(introduced)-332(to)-331(defend)-332(the)-332(traditions)-331(of)-332(the)-332(past.)-495(And)-331(he)-332(gives)-331(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-277(very)-277(successful)-277(demonstration,)-284(in)-277(285)-277(verses,)-283(of)-277(the)-277(manner)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-497(which)-497(the)-498(subject)-497(should)-497(have)-497(been)-497(treated,)-559(with)-497(all)-497(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scenery)-362(and)-361(machinery)-362(of)-361(orthodox)-362(epic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.221 3.958 Td [(740)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.833 -3.958 Td [(This)-362(specimen)-361(of)]TJ -203.054 -13.55 Td [(conservative)-250(taste)-250(is)-250(the)-250(least)-250(happy)-250(part)-250(of)-250(the)-250(work.)]TJ 11.956 -13.599 Td [(Such)-447(evidence)-447(is)-447(reinforced)-447(by)-447(the)-447(harmony)-447(of)-447(the)-446(whole)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(tone)-390(of)-389(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 53.958 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.255 0 Td [(with)-390(the)-389(clear-cut)-390(character)-390(of)-390(Petronius)]TJ -98.213 -13.55 Td [(in)-437(Tacitus.)-810(There)-437(was)-436(evidently)-437(a)-437(singular)-437(fascination)-436(about)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-316(man,)-333(which,)-332(in)-316(spite)-316(of)-316(his)-316(wasted,)-333(self-indulgent)-316(life,)-332(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(keenly)-407(felt)-407(by)-408(the)-407(severe)-407(historian.)-722(Petronius)-407(was)-407(capable)-407(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-215(things,)-221(but)-215(in)-215(an)-214(age)-215(of)-215(wild)-214(licence)-215(he)-215(deliberately)-214(devoted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-375(brilliant)-376(talent)-375(to)-375(making)-375(sensuality)-376(a)-375(fine)-375(art.)-626(Like)-375(Otho,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(who)-222(belonged)-222(to)-222(the)-221(same)-222(circle,)-228(he)-222(showed,)-227(as)-222(consul)-222(and)-222(in)-221(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(government)-324(of)-324(Bithynia,)-342(that)-324(a)-323(man)-324(of)-324(pleasure)-324(could)-324(be)-323(equal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-298(great)-299(affairs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.393 3.959 Td [(741)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.763 -3.959 Td [(After)-298(this)-299(single)-298(digression)-298(from)-299(the)-298(scheme)]TJ -84.156 -13.549 Td [(of)-341(the)-340(voluptuary,)-364(he)-341(returned)-340(to)-341(his)-341(pleasures,)-363(and)-341(became)-340(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arbiter)-425(in)-425(all)-424(questions)-425(of)-425(sensual)-425(taste,)-468(from)-425(whose)-424(decision)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(there)-392(was)-393(no)-392(appeal.)-677(His)-392(ascendency)-393(over)-392(the)-392(Emperor)-392(drew)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 142.678 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 135.865 Td [(740)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-390(118,)-308(119;)-320(cf.)-389(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 113.508 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.34 0 Td [(p.)-390(239.)-389(Other)-297(proofs)-296(of)-297(the)-296(date)-297(of)]TJ -153.775 -10.959 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.444 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.367 0 Td [(are)-277(the)-278(occurrence)-277(of)-277(names)-278(like)-277(Apelles)-278(and)-277(Menecrates,)-284(c.)-332(64,)]TJ -48.811 -10.959 Td [(73;)-256(cf.)-263(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.862 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.454 0 Td [(33;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.757 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-255(30;)-257(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.307 0 Td [(Cena)-254(Trim.)-263(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.713 0 Td [(9;)-256(the)-255(reflections)-254(on)]TJ -209.026 -10.959 Td [(decline)-281(of)-281(oratory,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.124 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.219 0 Td [(1;)-296(cf.)-343(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.666 0 Td [(Dial.)-343(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.976 0 Td [(c.)-343(35;)-296(the)-281(invention)-281(of)-280(a)-281(peculiar)]TJ -161.985 -10.958 Td [(glass,)-367(which)-344(belongs)-343(to)-344(the)-344(reign)-343(of)-344(Tiberius,)-367(cf.)-531(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 206.429 0 Td [(H.)-344(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.099 0 Td [(xxxvi.)-531(66;)-390(D.)]TJ -229.528 -10.959 Td [(Cass.)-250(57.)-250(21)-250(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(741)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(18,)-250(vigentem)-250(se)-250(ac)-250(parem)-250(negotiis)-250(ostendit.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 797 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 798 0 R /Resources 796 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 791 0 R >> endobj 796 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 801 0 obj << /Length 5577 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(154)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(upon)-268(him)-268(the)-268(fatal)-268(enmity)-268(of)-268(Tigellinus.)-304(Petronius)-268(was)-267(doomed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-266(was)-267(a)-266(time)-266(when)-267(not)-266(even)-266(the)-267(form)-266(of)-266(justice)-267(was)-266(used)-266(to)-266(veil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(caprices)-287(of)-286(tyranny,)-296(and)-287(Petronius)-287(determined)-287(not)-287(to)-286(endure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-288(long)-289(suspense)-288(when)-288(the)-289(issue)-288(was)-288(certain.)-365(He)-289(had)-288(gone)-288(as)-288(far)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-393(Cumae)-394(to)-393(attend)-394(the)-393(Emperor.)-680(There)-394(he)-393(was)-393(stopped.)-680(He)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([124])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(retired)-301(to)-301(his)-300(chamber)-301(and)-301(had)-300(his)-301(veins)-301(alternately)-301(opened)-300(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rebound,)-348(meanwhile)-328(conversing)-328(with)-327(his)-328(friends)-328(or)-328(listening)-328(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(light)-370(verses,)-400(not,)-401(as)-370(the)-370(fashion)-370(then)-370(was,)-400(seeking)-370(consolation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-219(a)-219(Stoic)-219(director)-219(on)-218(the)-219(issues)-219(of)-219(life)-219(and)-219(death.)-240(He)-218(rewarded)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(some)-279(of)-280(his)-279(slaves;)-294(others)-280(he)-279(had)-279(flogged)-280(before)-279(his)-279(eyes.)-338(After)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-295(banquet)-296(he)-295(fell)-295(calmly)-295(into)-296(his)-295(last)-295(sleep)-295(In)-296(his)-295(will)-295(there)-295(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(none)-258(of)-258(the)-258(craven)-259(adulation)-258(by)-258(which)-258(the)-258(victim)-258(often)-258(strove)-258(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(save)-212(his)-212(heirs)-212(from)-212(imperial)-212(rapacity.)-237(He)-212(broke)-212(his)-212(most)-212(precious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(myrrhine)-251(vase,)-250(to)-251(prevent)-250(its)-251(being)-250(added)-251(to)-250(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 216.069 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-251(treasures.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.475 3.958 Td [(742)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(His)-268(only)-268(bequest)-268(to)-269(the)-268(Emperor)-268(was)-268(a)-268(stinging)-268(catalogue)-268(of)-268(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(secret)-250(and)-250(nameless)-250(sins.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.069 3.959 Td [(743)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -97.113 -20.035 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 20.698 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.003 0 Td [(,)-365(as)-343(we)-342(have)-342(it,)-366(is)-342(only)-342(a)-343(fragment,)-365(containing)]TJ -72.657 -13.549 Td [(parts)-216(of)-217(two)-216(books,)-224(out)-216(of)-216(a)-217(total)-216(of)-217(sixteen.)-239(It)-216(is)-217(full)-216(of)-216(humorous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exaggeration)-388(and)-388(wild)-388(Aristophanic)-388(fun,)-423(along)-388(with,)-422(here)-388(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there,)-512(very)-459(subtle)-460(and)-459(refined)-460(delineation)-459(of)-460(character.)-878(But,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(except)-225(in)-225(the)-225(famous)-225(dinner)-225(of)-225(Trimalchio,)-230(there)-225(are)-225(few)-225(signs)-225(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(regular)-275(construction)-276(or)-275(closeness)-276(of)-275(texture)-275(in)-276(plot)-275(and)-275(incident.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Even)-201(if)-201(we)-201(had)-202(the)-201(whole,)-211(it)-201(might)-201(have)-201(been)-201(difficult)-201(to)-201(decipher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-306(motive)-306(or)-307(to)-306(unlock)-306(the)-306(secret)-306(of)-307(the)-306(author)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 207.007 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-306(character.)-419(We)]TJ -210.64 -13.549 Td [(can)-330(only)-331(be)-330(sure)-331(that)-330(he)-331(was)-330(a)-331(man)-330(of)-331(genius,)-350(and)-331(that)-330(he)-330(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interested)-281(in)-282(the)-281(intellectual)-282(pursuits)-281(and)-281(tendencies)-282(of)-281(his)-281(time,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-288(well)-288(as)-288(in)-288(its)-289(vices)-288(and)-288(follies.)-364(We)-288(may)-288(perhaps)-288(surmise)-288(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-219(was)-219(at)-219(once)-219(perverted)-219(and)-219(disillusioned,)-225(alternately)-219(fascinated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-235(disgusted)-236(by)-235(the)-235(worship)-235(of)-236(the)-235(flesh)-235(and)-235(its)-236(lusts)-235(in)-235(that)-235(evil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time.)-360(He)-287(is)-287(not,)-296(as)-286(has)-287(been)-287(sometimes)-286(said,)-296(utterly)-287(devoid)-287(of)-286(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 102.988 Td [(742)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.768 0 Td [(H.)-193(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.406 0 Td [(xxxvii.)-231(7)-194(\05020\051,)-204(T.)-194(Petronius)-193(consularis)-194(moriturus)-193(invidia)-194(Neronis,)]TJ -51.13 -10.958 Td [(...)-250(trullam)-250(myrrhinam)-250(HS.c)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 96.882 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(c)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(c)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.242 0 Td [(emptam)-250(fregit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -106.837 -7.311 Td [(743)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.314 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.725 0 Td [(xvi.)-851(19,)-501(sed)-450(flagitia)-450(principis)-451(et)-450(novitatem)-451(cujusque)-450(stupri)]TJ -55.995 -10.959 Td [(perscripsit)-250(atque)-250(obsignata)-250(misit)-250(Neroni.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 800 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 801 0 R /Resources 799 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 791 0 R >> endobj 802 0 obj << /D [800 0 R /XYZ 106.922 463.978 null] >> endobj 799 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 805 0 obj << /Length 5920 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(155)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(moral)-255(sense.)-266(Occasionally)-255(he)-255(shows)-255(a)-255(gleam)-256(of)-255(nobler)-255(feeling,)-256(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense)-251(of)-251(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 54.254 0 Td [(lacrimae)-251(rerum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 68.179 0 Td [(,)-251(as)-251(in)-250(that)-251(passage)-251(where)-251(the)-250(corpse)]TJ -122.433 -13.549 Td [(of)-225(the)-224(shipwrecked)-225(Lichas)-224(is)-224(washed)-225(ashore.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 195.158 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Somewhere)-225(a)-224(wife)]TJ -200.001 -13.549 Td [(is)-294(quietly)-293(awaiting)-294(him,)-304(or)-293(a)-294(father)-294(or)-293(a)-294(son,)-304(with)-293(no)-294(thought)-293(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(storm;)-230(some)-220(one)-219(whom)-220(he)-220(kissed)-219(on)-220(leaving....)-240(He)-220(had)-219(examined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-359(accounts)-359(of)-360(his)-359(estates,)-386(he)-359(had)-360(pictured)-359(to)-359(himself)-359(the)-359(day)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-296(his)-296(return)-295(to)-296(his)-296(home.)-387(And)-296(now)-296(he)-296(lies,)-307(O)-296(ye)-295(gods,)-308(how)-295(far)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-324(the)-325(goal)-324(of)-324(his)-325(hopes.)-473(But)-324(the)-325(sea)-324(is)-324(not)-325(the)-324(only)-324(mocker)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-412(the)-412(hopes)-412(of)-412(men.)-736(If)-412(you)-412(reckon)-412(well,)-452(there)-412(is)-412(shipwreck)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([125])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(everywhere.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.608 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(744)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.308 -3.959 Td [(There)-262(is)-261(also)-262(a)-262(curious)-261(note)-262(of)-262(contempt)-262(for)-261(his)]TJ -73.759 -13.549 Td [(own)-377(age)-376(in)-377(a)-376(passage)-377(on)-376(the)-376(decay)-377(of)-376(the)-377(fine)-376(arts.)-630(The)-376(tone)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is,)-410(for)-378(the)-377(moment,)-410(almost)-378(that)-378(of)-378(Ruskin.)-633(The)-378(glories)-378(of)-377(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(golden)-332(age)-332(of)-332(art)-332(were)-331(the)-332(result)-332(of)-332(simple)-332(virtue.)-496(An)-332(age)-331(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-418(Neronian,)-459(an)-417(age)-418(abandoned)-418(to)-417(wine)-418(and)-417(harlotry,)-459(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dreams)-219(only)-220(of)-219(making)-220(money)-219(by)-220(any)-219(sordid)-219(means,)-226(cannot)-219(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appreciate)-383(what)-383(the)-383(great)-383(masters)-383(have)-383(left)-383(behind,)-416(much)-383(less)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself)-387(produce)-387(anything)-386(worthy.)-661(Even)-386(the)-387(gods)-387(of)-387(the)-386(Capitol)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-379(now)-379(honoured)-379(by)-379(an)-379(offering)-379(of)-379(crude)-379(bullion,)-411(not)-379(by)-379(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(masterpieces)-355(of)-355(a)-355(Pheidias)-355(or)-354(an)-355(Apelles.)-565(And)-355(the)-355(race)-354(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(created)-250(them)-250(are)-250(now)-250(for)-250(us,)-250(forsooth,)-250(silly)-250(Greeklings!)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.767 3.959 Td [(745)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -229.811 -20.971 Td [(Yet)-216(side)-216(by)-216(side)-216(with)-216(a)-216(passage)-216(like)-216(this,)-223(there)-216(are)-216(descripti)1(ons)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-262(abnormal)-262(depravity)-262(so)-261(coarsely)-262(realistic)-262(that)-262(it)-262(has)-262(often)-261(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(assumed,)-239(and)-236(not)-236(unnaturally,)-239(that)-236(the)-236(writer)-236(rioted)-236(in)-236(mere)-236(filth.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-283(should)-282(be)-283(remembered,)-290(however,)-291(that)-282(there)-283(was)-282(a)-283(tradition)-282(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immorality)-280(about)-280(the)-279(ancient)-280(romance,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.062 3.959 Td [(746)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.586 -3.959 Td [(and)-280(Petronius,)-287(had)-280(he)]TJ -185.648 -13.549 Td [(cared)-184(to)-183(do)-183(so,)-197(might)-184(have)-183(made)-184(the)-183(same)-184(apology)-183(as)-184(Martial,)-196(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-306(provided)-306(what)-306(his)-306(readers)-306(demanded.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.767 3.958 Td [(747)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.013 -3.958 Td [(That)-306(Petronius)-306(was)]TJ -195.78 -13.55 Td [(deeply)-156(tainted)-155(is)-156(only)-156(too)-156(probable)-155(from)-156(his)-156(associations,)-174(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus)-346(implies)-347(that)-346(he)-346(was)-346(rather)-347(a)-346(fastidious)-346(voluptuary)-346(than)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.352 Td [(744)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(115,)-250(si)-250(bene)-250(calculum)-250(ponas,)-250(ubique)-250(naufragium)-250(est.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(745)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-241(88.)-241(For)-222(a)-222(favourable)-223(estimate)-222(of)-222(the)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 140.286 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.88 0 Td [(,)-228(cf.)-241(Schiller)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 43.547 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(Gesch.)-241(r\366m.)]TJ -237.136 -10.959 Td [(Kaiserzeit)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.368 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(469,)-250(470.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -36.118 -7.31 Td [(746)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(See)-250(Boissier)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 44.58 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(remarks,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.094 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(228.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.26 -7.311 Td [(747)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(v.)-250(2;)-250(iii.)-250(68;)-250(cf.)-250(Mahaffy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 112.564 0 Td [(Greek)-250(World)-250(under)-250(Roman)-250(Sway)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 118.535 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(298.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 804 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 805 0 R /Resources 803 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 791 0 R >> endobj 806 0 obj << /D [804 0 R /XYZ 282.565 409.782 null] >> endobj 803 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 809 0 obj << /Length 5571 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(156)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-322(gross)-323(debauchee.)-467(Yet)-323(a)-322(sensualist)-323(of)-322(the)-323(intellectual)-322(range)-322(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Petronius)-322(may)-321(have)-322(occasionally)-321(visions)-322(of)-322(a)-321(better)-322(world)-321(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-280(to)-280(which)-280(he)-280(has)-280(sunk.)-339(Is)-280(it)-280(not)-280(possible)-280(that)-280(the)-280(gay)-279(elegant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trifler)-377(may)-378(sometimes)-377(have)-377(scorned)-377(himself)-378(as)-377(he)-377(scorned)-377(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(time?)-491(Is)-331(it)-330(not)-330(possible)-331(that,)-350(along)-331(with)-330(other)-331(illusions,)-350(he)-330(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(parted)-230(with)-230(the)-230(illusions)-230(of)-230(vice,)-234(and)-230(that)-230(in)-230(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.024 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(noctes)-230(Neronis)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.919 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(he)-326(had)-326(seen)-326(the)-326(adder)-326(among)-326(the)-326(roses?)-478(He)-326(has)-326(written)-326(one)-326(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-276(keenest)-276(satires)-276(ever)-275(penned)-276(on)-276(the)-276(vulgarity)-276(of)-276(mere)-275(wealth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-275(absurd)-275(affectations,)-280(its)-275(vanity,)-281(its)-275(grossness.)-324(May)-275(he)-275(not)-274(also)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-219(wished,)-225(without)-219(moralising)-219(in)-219(a)-219(fashion)-219(which)-219(so)-218(cultivated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-297(trifler)-297(would)-297(have)-297(scorned,)-308(to)-297(reveal)-297(the)-297(abyss)-297(towards)-296(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-264(society)-265(lost)-264(to)-264(all)-264(the)-265(finer)-264(passions)-264(of)-265(the)-264(spirit)-264(was)-264(hurrying?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-325(the)-326(half)-325(comic,)-345(half)-325(ghastly)-325(scene)-326(in)-325(which)-326(Trimalchio,)-344(in)-325(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fit)-248(of)-248(maudlin)-247(sentiment,)-249(has)-247(himself)-248(laid)-248(out)-248(for)-247(dead,)-249(while)-247(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([126])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(horns)-289(blare)-289(out)-289(his)-290(funeral)-289(lament,)-299(we)-289(seem)-289(to)-289(hear)-289(the)-289(knell)-289(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-359(society)-360(which)-359(was)-359(the)-359(slave)-360(of)-359(gold)-359(and)-360(gross)-359(pleasure,)-386(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seemed)-250(to)-250(be)-250(rotting)-250(before)-250(its)-250(death.)]TJ 11.956 -14.225 Td [(But)-461(it)-462(need)-461(hardly)-462(be)-461(said)-461(that)-462(the)-461(prevailing)-462(note)-461(of)-461(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.159 0 Td [(is)-381(anything)-381(but)-380(melancholy.)-643(The)-381(author)-381(is)-381(intensely)]TJ -44.159 -13.55 Td [(amused)-253(with)-252(his)-253(subject,)-253(and)-253(t)1(he)-253(piece)-253(is)-252(full)-253(of)-252(the)-253(most)-252(riotous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fun)-415(and)-415(humour.)-744(It)-415(belongs)-415(formally)-414(to)-415(the)-415(medley)-415(of)-414(prose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-316(verse)-315(which)-316(Varro)-315(introduced)-316(into)-316(Roman)-315(literature)-316(on)-315(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(model)-378(of)-378(Menippus)-378(of)-378(Gadara.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 139.795 3.959 Td [(748)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.366 -3.959 Td [(It)-378(contains)-378(disquisitions)-378(on)]TJ -159.161 -13.549 Td [(literary)-359(tendencies)-359(of)-359(the)-359(day)-359(in)-359(poetry)-359(and)-359(oratory,)-386(anecdotes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-202(desultory)-202(talk.)-235(But)-202(Petronius)-202(has)-202(given)-203(a)-202(new)-202(character)-202(to)-202(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 17.284 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Satura,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.6 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.186 0 Td [(more)-306(in)-307(the)-306(manner)-306(of)-307(the)-306(Greek)-307(romance.)-419(There)]TJ -60.914 -13.549 Td [(probably)-351(was)-351(no)-351(regular)-351(plot)-351(in)-351(the)-350(complete)-351(work,)-377(no)-350(central)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(motive,)-294(such)-285(as)-285(the)-285(wrath)-285(of)-285(Priapus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 163.586 3.959 Td [(749)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.659 -3.959 Td [(to)-285(bind)-285(it)-285(together.)-356(Yet)]TJ -179.245 -13.549 Td [(there)-366(is)-366(a)-367(certain)-366(bond)-366(of)-366(union)-366(in)-367(the)-366(narrative)-366(of)-366(lively,)-395(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(often)-336(questionable,)-356(adventures)-336(through)-335(which)-336(Petronius)-335(carries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-283(very)-282(disreputable)-283(characters.)-348(In)-283(this)-282(life)-283(and)-283(movement,)-290(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-288(interest,)-298(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 87.409 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.148 0 Td [(is)-288(the)-289(distant)-288(ancestor)-288(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 110.863 0 Td [(Gil)-288(Blas)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.483 0 Td [(,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 81.071 Td [(748)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Teuffel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.871 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.372 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(239;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.03 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.523 0 Td [(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -200.503 -7.311 Td [(749)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(5.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 808 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 809 0 R /Resources 807 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 791 0 R >> endobj 810 0 obj << /D [808 0 R /XYZ 204.058 342.036 null] >> endobj 807 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 813 0 obj << /Length 5819 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(157)]TJ 0 g 0 G /F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -30.759 Td [(Roderick)-250(Random)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 78.469 0 Td [(,)-250(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 23.935 0 Td [(Tom)-250(Jones)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.964 0 Td [(.)]TJ -137.412 -14.324 Td [(The)-308(scene)-307(of)-308(the)-307(earlier)-308(part,)-322(long)-308(since)-307(lost,)-322(may)-308(have)-307(been)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(laid)-345(at)-345(Massilia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.467 3.959 Td [(750)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.292 -3.959 Td [(In)-345(the)-345(two)-345(books)-345(partially)-345(preserved)-345(to)-346(us,)]TJ -89.759 -13.549 Td [(it)-422(lies)-422(in)-422(southern)-421(Italy,)-465(at)-422(Cumae)-422(or)-422(Croton,)-465(in)-422(those)-421(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(towns)-443(which)-443(had)-443(plenty)-443(of)-443(Greek)-443(vice,)-491(without)-443(much)-442(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(refinement.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.986 3.959 Td [(751)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.037 -3.959 Td [(The)-211(three)-210(strangers,)-218(whose)-211(adventures)-210(are)-211(related,)]TJ -65.023 -13.549 Td [(Encolpius,)-241(Ascyltus,)-241(and)-239(Giton,)-240(if)-239(we)-239(may)-238(judge)-239(by)-239(their)-238(names,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-248(also)-248(Greek,)-249(with)-248(the)-248(literary)-248(culture)-248(of)-249(their)-248(time,)-248(and)-248(deeply)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tainted)-399(with)-398(its)-399(worst)-398(vices.)-696(At)-398(the)-399(opening)-398(of)-399(our)-398(fragment,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Encolpius,)-485(a)-438(beggarly,)-484(wandering)-438(sophist,)-485(is)-438(declaiming)-438(in)-437(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(portico)-343(on)-343(the)-343(decay)-343(of)-343(oratory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.614 3.959 Td [(752)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.224 -3.959 Td [(He)-343(is)-343(expressing)-343(what)-343(was)]TJ -160.838 -13.549 Td [(probably)-256(Petronius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.791 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-256(own)-256(judgment,)-258(as)-256(it)-256(was)-256(that)-257(of)-256(Tacitus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.753 3.959 Td [(753)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(as)-228(to)-228(the)-227(evil)-228(effects)-228(of)-228(school)-227(declamation)-228(on)-228(musty)-228(or)-227(frivolous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subjects.)-1020(He)-506(is)-507(met)-506(by)-507(a)-507(rival)-506(lecturer,)-571(Agamemnon,)-570(who)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([127])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(urges,)-274(on)-268(behalf)-269(of)-269(the)-269(unfortunate)-269(teachers)-269(of)-269(this)-268(conventional)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rhetoric,)-380(that)-355(the)-354(fault)-354(lies)-354(not)-354(with)-355(them,)-380(but)-354(with)-354(the)-354(parents)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-340(the)-341(public,)-363(the)-340(same)-340(excuse,)-363(in)-341(fact,)-362(which)-341(Plato)-340(had)-340(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-276(made)-276(for)-276(the)-276(maligned)-277(sophist)-276(of)-276(the)-276(fifth)-276(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 253.103 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 15.074 3.959 Td [(754)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(But)-455(Encolpius)-454(and)-455(his)-454(companions,)-506(in)-455(spite)-454(of)-455(these)-454(literary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interests,)-487(are)-440(the)-440(most)-440(disreputable)-440(adventurers,)-488(educated)-439(yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hopelessly)-242(depraved.)-247(They)-242(are)-242(even)-242(more)-242(at)-242(home)-242(in)-242(the)-242(reeking)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(slums)-442(than)-443(in)-442(the)-443(lecture)-442(hall.)-828(Encolpius)-442(has)-443(been)-442(guilty)-442(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(murder,)-434(theft,)-434(seduction.)-691(The)-397(party)-397(are)-397(alternately)-397(plunderers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-323(plundered.)-469(They)-324(riot)-323(for)-323(the)-323(moment)-323(in)-323(foul)-323(excesses,)-341(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-322(tortured)-323(by)-322(jealousy)-322(and)-322(the)-323(miseries)-322(of)-322(squalid)-323(vice.)-466(Only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-258(who)-258(have)-259(a)-258(taste)-258(for)-258(pornography)-259(will)-258(care)-258(to)-258(follow)-258(them)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-328(these)-328(dark)-328(paths.)-484(Reduced)-328(to)-328(the)-328(last)-328(pinch)-328(of)-328(poverty,)-347(they)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.537 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 147.641 Td [(750)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sidon.)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.319 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.909 0 Td [(ix.)-250(268;)-250(xxiii.)-250(155.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.934 -7.394 Td [(751)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-639(81,)-411(cf.)-639(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.601 0 Td [(Cena)-379(Trim.)-639(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.328 0 Td [(6.)-639(Puteoli)-379(is)-380(excluded)-379(by)-380(the)]TJ -170.884 -10.959 Td [(complaints)-286(of)-287(municipal)-286(decay)-286(in)-287(c.)-359(44:)-322(Naples,)-296(by)-286(the)-286(fact)-287(that)-286(the)-286(town)-287(is)-286(a)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Roman)-336(colony)-337(\05044,)-358(57\051;)-380(Cumae)-336(was)-337(the)-336(only)-337(town)-336(in)-337(this)-336(region)-336(which)-337(had)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Praetors.)-250(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.315 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1498,)-250(2263;)-250(Petron.)-250(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.42 -7.394 Td [(752)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(1,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.542 -7.395 Td [(753)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(De)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.142 0 Td [(c.)-250(31,)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.771 -7.394 Td [(754)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Rep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(vi.)-250(p.)-250(492)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 36.116 0 Td [(A.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 812 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 813 0 R /Resources 811 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 815 0 R >> endobj 814 0 obj << /D [812 0 R /XYZ 175.515 341.261 null] >> endobj 811 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 818 0 obj << /Length 5267 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(158)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(are)-259(invited)-258(to)-259(dine)-259(at)-259(the)-258(all-welcoming)-259(table)-259(of)-259(Trimalchio,)-260(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-387(is)-386(for)-387(us)-386(the)-387(most)-386(interesting)-387(passage)-386(in)-387(their)-386(adventures.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But,)-376(on)-351(leaving)-351(the)-351(rich)-351(freedman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.42 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-351(halls)-351(they)-351(once)-351(more)-351(pass)]TJ -156.053 -13.549 Td [(into)-287(scenes)-287(where)-287(a)-286(modern)-287(pen)-287(cannot)-287(venture)-287(to)-287(follow)-286(them.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Yet)-455(soon)-455(afterwards,)-506(Encolpius)-455(is)-455(found)-455(in)-455(a)-455(picture)-454(gallery)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discussing)-409(the)-410(fate)-409(of)-410(literature)-409(and)-410(art)-409(with)-410(Eumolpus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.977 3.959 Td [(755)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.355 -3.959 Td [(an)]TJ -270.332 -13.549 Td [(inveterate)-273(poet,)-279(as)-273(vicious)-274(as)-273(himself.)-320(Presently)-273(the)-273(party)-273(are)-273(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shipboard)-281(off)-281(the)-281(south)-281(Italian)-281(coast.)-343(They)-281(are)-281(shipwrecked)-281(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cast)-364(ashore)-363(in)-364(a)-363(storm)-364(near)-363(the)-364(town)-363(of)-364(Croton.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.355 3.958 Td [(756)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.896 -3.958 Td [(A)-363(friendly)]TJ -234.251 -13.55 Td [(peasant)-417(informs)-418(them)-417(that,)-459(if)-417(they)-418(are)-417(honest)-417(merchants,)-459(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-487(no)-486(place)-487(for)-486(their)-487(craft.)-959(But)-487(if)-486(they)-487(belong)-486(to)-487(the)-486(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinguished)-287(world)-288(of)-287(intrigue,)-297(they)-288(may)-287(make)-288(their)-287(fortune.)-362(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-285(a)-284(society)-285(which)-284(has)-285(no)-284(care)-285(for)-285(letters)-284(or)-285(virtue,)-293(which)-284(thinks)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-260(of)-260(unearned)-260(gain.)-279(There)-260(are)-260(only)-260(two)-259(classes,)-263(the)-259(deceivers)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-386(their)-387(victims.)-659(Children)-386(are)-386(an)-386(expensive)-387(luxury,)-420(for)-386(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-362(childless)-362(ever)-362(receive)-361(an)-362(invitation)-362(or)-362(any)-362(social)-361(attention.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-388(is)-389(like)-388(a)-389(city)-388(ravaged)-388(by)-389(the)-388(plague;)-458(there)-388(are)-389(only)-388(left)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corpses)-406(and)-406(the)-406(vultures.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.967 3.959 Td [(757)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.289 -3.959 Td [(The)-406(adventurers)-406(resolve)-406(to)-406(seize)]TJ -133.256 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(rare)-272(opportunity;)-283(they)-273(will)-272(turn)-272(the)-272(tables)-272(on)-272(the)-272(social)-272(birds)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-341(prey.)-522(The)-341(pauper)-341(poet)-341(is)-340(easily)-341(translated)-341(into)-341(a)-340(millionaire)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-292(enormous)-292(estates)-292(in)-292(Africa.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.32 3.959 Td [(758)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.552 -3.959 Td [(A)-292(portion)-292(of)-292(his)-292(wealth)-292(has)]TJ -159.872 -13.549 Td [(been)-391(engulfed)-390(in)-391(the)-391(storm,)-426(but)-390(a)-391(solid)-391(HS.300,000,000,)-425(with)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([128])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(much)-390(besides,)-425(still)-390(remains.)-670(He)-390(has)-390(a)-390(cough,)-425(moreover,)-424(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-328(signs)-328(of)-328(debility.)-484(There)-327(is)-328(no)-328(more)-328(idiotic)-328(person,)-348(as)-327(our)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Stock)-237(Exchange)-237(records)-237(show,)-239(than)-237(a)-237(man)-237(eager)-237(for)-237(an)-236(unearned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortune.)-528(The)-343(poor)-342(fools)-343(flocked)-342(around)-343(Eumolpus,)-366(drinking)-342(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-292(fresh)-292(rumour)-292(about)-292(his)-292(will.)-375(He)-292(was)-292(loaded)-292(with)-292(gifts;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(759)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(great)-325(ladies)-325(made)-325(an)-325(easy)-324(offer)-325(of)-325(their)-325(virtue)-325(and)-325(even)-325(that)-324(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.66 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.764 Td [(755)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(83.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.543 -7.394 Td [(756)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(114.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(757)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(116,)-250(nihil)-250(aliud)-250(est)-250(nisi)-250(cadavera)-250(quae)-250(lacerantur)-250(aut)-250(corvi)-250(qui)-250(lacerant.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(758)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(117.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.394 Td [(759)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(124.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 817 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 818 0 R /Resources 816 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 815 0 R >> endobj 819 0 obj << /D [817 0 R /XYZ 160.834 233.642 null] >> endobj 816 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 822 0 obj << /Length 6211 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(159)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(their)-340(children.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.184 3.959 Td [(760)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.132 -3.959 Td [(Meanwhile)-340(he,)-363(or)-340(Petronius,)-363(plays)-340(with)-340(their)]TJ -80.316 -13.549 Td [(follies)-387(or)-386(tortures)-387(their)-386(avidity.)-660(In)-387(one)-386(of)-387(his)-386(many)-387(wills,)-420(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heirs)-390(of)-389(the)-390(pretended)-390(Croesus)-389(are)-390(required)-390(not)-389(to)-390(touch)-389(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(booty)-306(till)-306(they)-306(have)-306(devoured)-306(his)-306(remains)-306(before)-306(the)-306(people!)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(761)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(The)-308(tales)-307(of)-308(barbarian)-307(tribes)-308(in)-308(Herodotus,)-322(the)-307(memories)-308(of)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(siege)-269(of)-270(Saguntum)-269(and)-270(Numantia,)-274(are)-270(invoked)-269(in)-270(brutal)-269(irony)-269(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(justify)-248(the)-247(reasonableness)-248(of)-247(the)-248(demand.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 182.551 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Close)-248(your)-247(eyes,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.36 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.544 0 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(cynic)-241(enjoins,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.157 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(and)-241(fancy)-242(that)-241(instead)-241(of)-242(devouring)-241(human)-241(flesh,)]TJ -68 -13.549 Td [(you)-430(are)-429(swallowing)-430(a)-429(million)-429(of)-430(money.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 185.978 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.529 0 Td [(Petronius)-429(could)-430(be)]TJ -195.507 -13.55 Td [(very)-272(brutal)-272(as)-272(well)-272(as)-272(very)-272(refined)-272(in)-272(his)-272(raillery.)-316(The)-271(combined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stupidity)-279(and)-278(greed)-279(of)-279(the)-278(fortune-hunter)-279(of)-279(all)-278(ages)-279(are)-278(perhaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(best)-250(met)-250(by)-250(such)-250(brutality)-250(of)-250(contempt.)]TJ 11.956 -14.11 Td [(The)-441(really)-440(interesting)-441(part)-441(of)-441(their)-440(adventure)-441(is)-441(the)-440(dinner)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(at)-452(the)-452(house)-451(of)-452(Trimalchio,)-502(a)-452(rich)-452(freedman,)-502(to)-452(which)-451(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rascals)-487(were)-486(invited.)-960(Trimalchio)-487(is)-487(probably)-486(in)-487(many)-486(traits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drawn)-326(from)-326(life,)-345(but)-326(the)-326(picture)-326(of)-326(himself,)-345(of)-326(his)-326(wife)-326(and)-326(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(associates,)-389(is)-362(a)-361(work)-362(of)-361(genius)-362(worthy)-361(of)-362(Fielding)-361(or)-361(Smollett)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-417(Le)-417(Sage.)-751(Petronius,)-459(it)-417(is)-417(clear,)-459(enjoyed)-417(his)-417(work,)-459(and,)-458(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spite)-267(of)-268(his)-267(contempt)-267(for)-267(the)-267(vulgar)-268(ambition)-267(and)-267(the)-267(coarseness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-416(commonness)-416(of)-416(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.899 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-416(class,)-457(he)-416(has)-416(a)-416(liking)-416(for)-416(a)]TJ -147.531 -13.549 Td [(certain)-392(simplicity)-392(and)-392(honest)-393(good)-392(nature)-392(in)-392(Trimalchio.)-676(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedman)-211(tells)-211(the)-211(story)-211(of)-211(his)-210(own)-211(career)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 177.877 3.958 Td [(762)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.754 -3.958 Td [(without)-211(reserve,)-219(and)]TJ -192.631 -13.55 Td [(with)-305(a)-305(certain)-305(pride)-305(in)-304(the)-305(virtue)-305(and)-305(frugality,)-319(according)-305(to)-304(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(standards,)-230(which)-226(have)-225(made)-226(him)-226(what)-225(he)-226(is.)-241(He)-226(also)-225(exults)-226(in)-225(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shrewdness)-323(and)-323(business)-323(capacity.)-468(His)-323(motto)-323(has)-323(always)-322(been,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(You)-258(are)-259(worth)-258(just)-259(what)-258(you)-258(have.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.128 0 Td [(\035)-258(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.506 0 Td [(Buy)-258(cheap)-259(and)-258(sell)-259(dear.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.309 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(Coming)-280(as)-280(a)-280(little)-279(slave)-280(boy)-280(from)-280(Asia,)-287(probably)-280(in)-280(the)-280(reign)-279(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Augustus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.942 3.959 Td [(763)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.702 -3.959 Td [(he)-362(became)-361(the)-362(favourite)-361(of)-362(his)-361(master,)-390(and)-361(more)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.38 0 Td [([129])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 141.488 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 134.675 Td [(760)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(140.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(761)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(141.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(762)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(75,)-250(76.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(763)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.665 0 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.508 0 Td [(Cena)-384(Trim.)-652(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.529 0 Td [(p.)-652(7.)-652(His)-384(cognomen)-384(Maecenatianus)-384(marks)]TJ -119.658 -10.959 Td [(him)-342(as)-342(a)-342(slave)-342(of)-342(the)-342(friend)-341(of)-342(Augustus)-342(who)-342(died)-342(8)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 197.162 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.14 0 Td [(Trimalchio)-342(would)]TJ -215.302 -10.958 Td [(therefore)-269(be)-270(born)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.504 0 Td [(circ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.599 0 Td [(18)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 11.382 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.489 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.116 0 Td [(71,)-274(29,)-274(75\051.)-308(He)-270(was)-269(perhaps)-269(over)-270(seventy)]TJ -131.075 -9.448 Td [(at)-248(the)-248(time)-248(of)-248(the)-248(dinner)-248(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 91.037 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.924 0 Td [(27,)-248(77\051,)-249(which)-248(may)-248(therefore)-248(be)-248(placed)-248(about)-248(57)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 821 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 822 0 R /Resources 820 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 815 0 R >> endobj 823 0 obj << /D [821 0 R /XYZ 107.415 151.786 null] >> endobj 820 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 826 0 obj << /Length 5343 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(160)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(than)-323(the)-323(favourite)-323(of)-323(his)-323(mistress.)-469(He)-323(found)-323(himself)-323(in)-323(the)-323(end)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-307(real)-308(master)-307(of)-307(the)-308(household,)-321(and,)-322(on)-307(his)-308(patron)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 229.238 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-307(death,)-322(he)]TJ -232.871 -13.549 Td [(was)-297(left)-298(joint-heir)-297(to)-298(his)-297(property)-298(with)-297(the)-297(emperor.)-393(But)-297(he)-297(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambitions)-261(beyond)-261(even)-261(such)-260(a)-261(fortune.)-283(He)-261(became)-261(a)-260(ship-owner)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-271(a)-271(great)-272(scale.)-313(He)-272(lost)-271(a)-271(quarter)-271(of)-271(a)-272(million)-271(in)-271(a)-271(single)-271(storm,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-355(at)-355(once)-354(proceeded)-355(to)-355(build)-355(more)-355(and)-354(larger)-355(ships.)-564(Money)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poured)-264(in;)-271(all)-263(his)-264(ventures)-264(prospered.)-291(He)-264(bought)-264(estates)-264(in)-263(Italy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sicily,)-290(and)-282(Africa.)-347(Some)-282(of)-282(his)-282(purchases)-282(he)-283(had)-282(never)-282(seen.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(764)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(He)-193(built)-193(himself)-192(a)-193(stately)-193(house,)-204(with)-193(marble)-193(porti)1(coes,)-205(four)-192(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(banqueting-halls,)-356(and)-334(twenty)-335(sleeping-rooms.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.066 3.959 Td [(765)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.947 -3.959 Td [(Everything)-335(to)]TJ -220.013 -13.549 Td [(satisfy)-213(human)-213(wants)-213(was)-213(produced)-213(upon)-213(his)-213(lands.)-238(He)-213(was)-212(a)-213(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-332(infinite)-331(enterprise.)-495(He)-332(had)-331(improved)-332(the)-332(breed)-331(of)-332(his)-331(flocks)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-276(importing)-276(rams)-275(from)-276(Tarentum.)-327(He)-276(had)-276(bees)-276(from)-275(Hymettus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-258(his)-257(hives.)-273(He)-258(sent)-257(to)-258(India)-257(for)-258(mushroom)-258(spawn.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 223.62 3.958 Td [(766)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.429 -3.958 Td [(A)-258(gazette)]TJ -239.049 -13.55 Td [(was)-425(regularly)-425(brought)-425(out,)-469(full)-425(of)-425(statistics,)-468(and)-425(all)-425(the)-425(daily)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incidents)-213(on)-213(his)-213(estates;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 102.115 3.959 Td [(767)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.911 -3.959 Td [(the)-213(number)-213(of)-213(slave)-212(births)-213(and)-213(deaths;)]TJ -117.026 -13.549 Td [(a)-248(slave)-248(crucified)-249(for)-248(blaspheming)-248(the)-248(genius)-248(of)-248(the)-249(master;)-248(a)-248(fire)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-219(the)-219(bailiff)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.256 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-219(house;)-229(the)-219(divorce)-219(of)-219(a)-219(watchman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.982 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-219(wife,)-225(who)-219(had)]TJ -212.504 -13.549 Td [(been)-266(caught)-267(in)-266(adultery)-266(with)-267(the)-266(bathman;)-274(a)-267(sum)-266(of)-266(HS.100,000)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(paid)-281(into)-280(the)-281(chest,)-288(and)-281(waiting)-281(for)-280(investment)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 204.831 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(these)-281(are)-280(some)]TJ -215.74 -13.549 Td [(of)-435(the)-435(items)-435(of)-435(news.)-805(Trimalchio,)-481(who)-435(bears)-435(now,)-481(after)-435(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fashion)-299(of)-299(his)-299(class,)-312(the)-299(good)-299(Roman)-299(name)-299(of)-299(Caius)-299(Pompeius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-197(risen)-197(to)-197(the)-197(dignity)-197(of)-198(Sevir)-197(Augustalis)-197(in)-197(his)-197(municipality;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(768)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(he)-354(is)-354(one)-354(of)-355(the)-354(foremost)-354(persons)-354(in)-354(it,)-380(with)-354(an)-354(overwhelming)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sense)-297(of)-296(the)-297(dignity)-297(of)-296(wealth,)-309(and)-296(with)-297(a)-297(ridiculous)-296(affectation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-225(artistic)-226(and)-225(literary)-225(culture,)-230(which)-225(he)-226(parades)-225(with)-225(a)-225(delightful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unconsciousness)-250(of)-250(his)-250(blunders.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 134.576 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.2192 Tf 93.543 121.824 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(764)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.543 -7.394 Td [(765)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(77.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(766)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(38,)-250(scripsit)-250(ut)-250(illi)-250(ex)-250(India)-250(semen)-250(boletorum)-250(mitteretur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(767)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(53.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(768)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(71;)-250(cf.)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.054 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.093 0 Td [(p.)-250(308.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 825 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 826 0 R /Resources 824 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 815 0 R >> endobj 824 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 829 0 obj << /Length 5309 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(161)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(When)-418(the)-417(wandering)-418(adventurers)-418(arrive)-418(for)-417(dinner,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.421 3.959 Td [(769)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.468 -3.959 Td [(they)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(find)-301(a)-300(bald)-301(old)-301(man)-300(in)-301(a)-301(red)-300(tunic)-301(playing)-301(at)-300(ball,)-314(with)-300(eunuchs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-332(attendance.)-494(While)-332(he)-331(is)-331(afterwards)-332(being)-331(rubbed)-332(down)-331(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unguents)-377(in)-376(the)-377(bath,)-408(his)-377(servants)-377(refresh)-376(themselves)-377(with)-376(old)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Falernian.)-244(Then,)-235(with)-232(four)-231(richly)-232(dressed)-231(runners)-232(preceding)-231(him,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-297(wrapped)-296(in)-297(a)-296(scarlet)-297(mantle,)-308(he)-297(is)-296(borne)-297(to)-297(the)-296(house)-297(in)-296(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sedan)-295(along)-295(with)-295(his)-295(ugly)-296(minion.)-385(On)-295(the)-295(wall)-295(of)-295(the)-295(vestibule,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-217(you)-216(entered,)-223(there)-217(were)-216(frescoes,)-223(one)-217(of)-216(which)-217(represented)-216(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(young)-283(Trimalchio,)-292(under)-283(the)-284(leadership)-283(of)-283(Minerva,)-292(making)-283(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([130])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(entry)-328(into)-328(Rome,)-348(with)-328(other)-329(striking)-328(incidents)-328(of)-328(his)-328(illustrious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(career,)-394(while)-364(Fortune)-365(empties)-365(her)-365(flowing)-364(horn,)-394(and)-365(the)-364(Fates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spin)-384(the)-384(golden)-384(thread)-384(of)-384(his)-384(destiny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.669 3.959 Td [(770)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.565 -3.959 Td [(The)-384(banquet)-384(begins;)]TJ -189.234 -13.549 Td [(Alexandrian)-347(boys)-346(bring)-347(iced)-346(water)-346(and)-347(delicately)-346(attend)-347(to)-346(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guests)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.273 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.97 0 Td [(feet,)-320(singing)-306(all)-306(the)-306(while.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.915 3.958 Td [(771)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.01 -3.958 Td [(Indeed,)-320(the)-306(whole)-306(service)]TJ -167.168 -13.55 Td [(is)-341(accompanied)-341(by)-341(singing,)-364(and)-342(the)-341(blare)-341(of)-341(instruments.)-523(To)-341(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great,)-235(deafening)-231(burst)-232(of)-231(music,)-235(the)-231(host)-232(is)-231(at)-231(last)-232(borne)-231(in)-231(buried)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-200(cushions,)-210(his)-199(bare)-200(shaven)-200(head)-200(protruding)-199(from)-200(a)-200(scarlet)-199(cloak,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-354(a)-354(stole)-355(around)-354(his)-354(neck,)-380(and)-355(lappets)-354(falling)-354(on)-354(each)-354(side;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-384(hands)-385(and)-384(arms)-384(loaded)-385(with)-384(rings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 173.323 3.958 Td [(772)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.577 -3.958 Td [(Not)-384(being)-385(just)-384(then)]TJ -192.9 -13.55 Td [(quite)-369(ready)-369(for)-368(dinner,)-399(he,)-398(with)-369(a)-369(kindly)-368(apology,)-399(has)-369(a)-368(game)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-461(draughts,)-513(until)-461(he)-460(feels)-461(inclined)-461(to)-460(eat,)-514(the)-460(pieces)-461(on)-460(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terebinthine)-401(board)-401(being,)-439(appropriately)-401(to)-401(such)-401(a)-402(player,)-438(gold)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-317(silver)-318(coins.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.673 3.959 Td [(773)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.383 -3.959 Td [(The)-317(dinner)-318(is)-317(a)-317(long)-318(series)-317(of)-317(surprises,)-334(on)]TJ -90.056 -13.549 Td [(the)-219(artistic)-219(ingenuity)-220(of)-219(which)-219(Trimalchio)-219(plumes)-219(himself)-219(vastly.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(One)-308(course)-307(represents)-308(the)-308(twelve)-308(signs)-307(of)-308(the)-308(Zodiac,)-322(of)-307(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-295(host)-295(expounds)-294(at)-295(length)-295(the)-295(fateful)-295(significance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 228.235 3.959 Td [(774)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.646 -3.959 Td [(Another)]TJ -244.881 -13.549 Td [(dish)-270(was)-269(a)-270(large)-270(boar,)-274(with)-270(baskets)-270(of)-269(sweetmeats)-270(hanging)-269(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-263(tusks.)-290(A)-263(huge)-263(bearded)-263(hunter)-264(pierced)-263(its)-263(sides)-263(with)-263(a)-263(hunting)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.549 Td [(769)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.542 -7.311 Td [(770)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.542 -7.31 Td [(771)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(772)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(773)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(774)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(35.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 828 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 829 0 R /Resources 827 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 815 0 R >> endobj 830 0 obj << /D [828 0 R /XYZ 223.805 409.782 null] >> endobj 827 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 833 0 obj << /Length 6357 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(162)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(knife,)-484(and)-438(forthwith)-438(from)-437(the)-438(wound)-437(there)-438(issued)-437(a)-438(flight)-437(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thrushes)-353(which)-352(were)-353(dexterously)-353(captured)-353(in)-352(nets)-353(as)-353(they)-352(flew)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(about)-265(the)-266(room.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.116 3.959 Td [(775)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.681 -3.959 Td [(Towards)-265(the)-266(end)-265(of)-265(the)-265(meal)-266(the)-265(guests)-265(were)]TJ -84.797 -13.549 Td [(startled)-359(by)-359(strange)-359(sounds)-359(in)-360(the)-359(ceiling,)-386(and)-359(a)-359(quaking)-359(of)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(whole)-263(apartment.)-289(As)-263(they)-263(raised)-263(their)-262(eyes,)-267(the)-263(ceiling)-262(suddenly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opened,)-456(and)-415(a)-415(great)-415(circular)-415(tray)-415(descended,)-456(with)-415(a)-415(figure)-415(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Priapus,)-423(bearing)-389(all)-388(sorts)-389(of)-388(fruit)-389(and)-388(bon-bons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.69 3.959 Td [(776)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.714 -3.959 Td [(It)-389(may)-388(be)]TJ -236.404 -13.549 Td [(readily)-347(assumed)-346(that)-347(in)-346(such)-346(a)-347(scene)-346(the)-347(wine)-346(was)-347(not)-346(stinted.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Huge)-401(flagons,)-439(coated)-401(with)-401(gypsum,)-438(were)-401(brought)-401(in)-401(shoulder)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(high,)-356(each)-334(with)-335(a)-334(label)-335(attesting)-334(that)-335(it)-334(was)-334(the)-335(great)-334(Falernian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vintage)-448(of)-448(Opimius,)-497(one)-448(hundred)-447(years)-448(old.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.55 3.959 Td [(777)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.653 -3.959 Td [(As)-448(the)-447(wine)]TJ -224.203 -13.549 Td [(appeared,)-448(the)-408(genial)-408(host)-409(remarked)-408(with)-408(admirable)-408(frankness,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(I)-334(did)-335(not)-334(give)-335(as)-334(good)-335(wine)-334(yesterday,)-356(although)-334(I)-335(had)-334(a)-334(more)]TJ -4.844 -13.549 Td [(distinguished)-250(company!)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.542 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -92.586 -15.582 Td [(The)-373(amusements)-372(of)-373(the)-372(banquet)-373(were)-372(as)-373(various,)-403(and)-372(some)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-408(them)-408(as)-408(coarse)-407(or)-408(fantastic,)-448(as)-407(the)-408(dishes.)-724(They)-408(are)-407(gross)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-531(tasteless)-532(exaggerations)-531(of)-531(the)-531(prevailing)-531(fashion.)-1094(In)-531(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([131])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(literary)-383(age,)-416(a)-383(man)-382(of)-383(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.813 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-383(position)-383(must)-382(affect)-383(some)]TJ -155.446 -13.549 Td [(knowledge)-336(of)-336(letters)-336(and)-336(art.)-508(He)-336(is)-336(a)-336(ludicrous)-336(example)-336(of)-336(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dogmatism)-281(of)-280(pretentious)-281(ignorance)-281(in)-281(all)-280(ages.)-342(He)-281(has)-281(a)-280(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-437(Latin)-437(library,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.123 3.959 Td [(778)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.728 -3.959 Td [(and)-437(pretends)-437(to)-436(have)-437(once)-437(read)-437(Homer,)]TJ -97.851 -13.549 Td [(although)-386(his)-387(recollections)-386(are)-386(rather)-387(confused.)-659(He)-386(makes,)-420(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instance,)-350(Daedalus)-330(shut)-330(Niobe)-330(into)-330(the)-330(Trojan)-330(horse;)-370(Iphigenia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(becomes)-222(the)-222(wife)-222(of)-222(Achilles;)-231(Helen)-222(is)-222(the)-222(sister)-222(of)-222(Diomede)-222(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ganymede.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.986 3.958 Td [(779)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.947 -3.958 Td [(One)-396(of)-395(the)-396(more)-396(refined)-395(entertainments)-396(which)]TJ -69.933 -13.55 Td [(are)-433(provided)-433(is)-433(the)-434(performance)-433(of)-433(scenes)-433(from)-433(the)-433(Homeric)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.161 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 158.265 Td [(775)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(776)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.638 0 Td [(60;)-365(cf.)-480(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.232 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.131 0 Td [(90,)-346(\247)-326(15,)-346(laquearia)-327(ita)-326(coagmentat)-327(...)-479(ut)-327(totiens)-326(tecta)]TJ -87.957 -10.958 Td [(quotiens)-250(fercula)-250(mutentur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(777)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(34;)-250(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.638 0 Td [(Brut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.184 0 Td [(,)-250(lxxxiii.)-250(The)-250(Consulship)-250(of)-250(Opim.)-250(was)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 141.973 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.316 0 Td [(121.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -235.76 -7.311 Td [(778)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-362(48;)-305(on)-288(private)-287(and)-287(public)-287(libraries,)-297(cf.)-361(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 188.292 0 Td [(De)-287(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.77 0 Td [(c.)-362(ix.;)-305(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -240.018 -10.959 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.229 0 Td [(i.)-242(8,)-231(\247)-226(2;)-234(ii.)-242(17,)-230(\247)-226(8;)-234(iii.)-242(7,)-231(\247)-226(7;)-234(iv.)-242(28,)-230(\247)-226(1;)-234(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 166.4 0 Td [(Vit.)-242(Pers.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.552 0 Td [(;)-234(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.945 0 Td [(Adv.)-242(Indoct.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -237.126 -10.958 Td [(1,)-309(16;)-321(Mart.)-391(vii.)-392(17,)-309(1;)-321(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 107.762 0 Td [(J.)-297(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.727 0 Td [(xliv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.562 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.318 0 Td [(xxix.;)-321(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.727 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.346 0 Td [(i.)-392(114;)]TJ -256.442 -10.959 Td [(Gregorov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.843 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(\050Tr.\051)-250(p.)-250(210;)-250(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.467 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(220;)-250(Sid.)-250(Apoll.)-250(ii.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -160.858 -7.311 Td [(779)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(52.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 832 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 833 0 R /Resources 831 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 815 0 R >> endobj 834 0 obj << /D [832 0 R /XYZ 93.543 299.355 null] >> endobj 831 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 837 0 obj << /Length 5926 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(163)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(poems,)-236(which)-233(Trimalchio)-233(accompanied)-233(by)-233(reading)-233(in)-233(a)-233(sonorous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(voice)-296(from)-297(a)-296(Latin)-297(version.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.487 3.959 Td [(780)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.699 -3.959 Td [(He)-296(is)-297(himself)-296(an)-297(author,)-308(and)-296(has)]TJ -137.186 -13.549 Td [(his)-306(poems)-306(recited)-306(by)-305(a)-306(boy)-306(personating)-306(the)-306(Bacchic)-305(god.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.503 3.959 Td [(781)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.007 -3.959 Td [(As)]TJ -268.51 -13.549 Td [(a)-376(connoisseur)-376(of)-376(plate)-377(he)-376(will)-376(yield)-376(to)-376(no)-376(one,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.147 3.958 Td [(782)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.9 -3.958 Td [(although)-376(he)]TJ -228.047 -13.55 Td [(slyly)-377(confesses)-377(that)-378(his)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 108.574 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(real)-377(Corinthian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.136 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.958 0 Td [(got)-377(their)-377(name)-378(from)]TJ -189.512 -13.549 Td [(the)-402(dealer)-402(Corinthus.)-707(The)-402(metal)-403(came)-402(from)-402(the)-402(fused)-402(bronze)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-434(gold)-434(and)-434(silver)-433(which)-434(Hannibal)-434(flung)-434(into)-434(the)-434(flames)-433(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(captured)-494(Troy.)-984(But)-494(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 147.253 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-494(most)-495(genuine)-494(taste,)-556(as)-494(he)]TJ -150.886 -13.549 Td [(na\357vely)-298(confesses,)-310(is)-298(for)-298(acrobatic)-298(feats)-298(and)-298(loud)-298(horn-blowing.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(And)-362(so,)-390(a)-362(company)-361(of)-362(rope-dancers)-362(bore)-362(the)-362(guests)-362(with)-361(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monotonous)-327(performances.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 119.606 3.959 Td [(783)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.696 -3.959 Td [(Blood-curdling)-327(tales)-327(of)-327(the)-326(wer-)]TJ -137.302 -13.549 Td [(wolf,)-613(and)-541(corpses)-540(carried)-541(off)-540(by)-540(witches,)-614(are)-540(provided)-540(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-308(kind)-309(of)-308(taste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.019 3.959 Td [(784)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.093 -3.959 Td [(A)-308(base)-309(product)-308(of)-309(Alexandria)-308(imitates)]TJ -111.112 -13.549 Td [(the)-341(notes)-342(of)-341(the)-341(nightingale,)-364(and)-342(another,)-364(apparently)-341(of)-341(Jewish)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(race,)-259(equally)-257(base,)-259(in)-258(torturing)-257(dissonant)-257(tones)-257(spouted)-257(passages)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-449(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 44.326 0 Td [(Aeneid)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 30.294 0 Td [(,)-498(profaned)-449(to)-448(scholarly)-449(ears)-449(by)-448(a)-449(mixture)-448(of)]TJ -74.62 -13.549 Td [(Atellan)-383(verses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.285 3.959 Td [(785)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.535 -3.959 Td [(Trimalchio,)-416(who)-383(was)-383(anxious)-383(that)-384(his)-383(wife)]TJ -85.82 -13.549 Td [(should)-235(display)-235(her)-235(old)-235(powers)-235(of)-235(dancing)-235(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 188.971 0 Td [(cancan)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 31.505 0 Td [(,)-238(is)-235(also)-235(going)]TJ -220.476 -13.549 Td [(to)-278(give)-277(an)-278(exhibition)-278(of)-278(his)-277(own)-278(gifts)-278(in)-277(the)-278(pantomimic)-278(line,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(786)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(when)-309(the)-308(shrewd)-309(lady)-308(in)-309(a)-309(whisper)-308(warned)-309(him)-308(to)-309(maintain)-308(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dignity.)-250(How)-250(far)-250(she)-250(preserved)-250(her)-250(own)-250(we)-250(shall)-250(see)-250(presently.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([132])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -15.439 Td [(The)-294(company)-294(at)-294(this)-293(strange)-294(party)-294(were)-294(worthy)-294(of)-294(their)-293(host.)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(And)-371(Petronius)-371(has)-371(outdone)-370(himself)-371(in)-371(the)-371(description)-371(of)-370(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brother)-270(freedmen,)-274(looking)-270(up)-269(to)-270(Trimalchio)-269(as)-270(the)-269(glory)-270(of)-269(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order,)-450(and)-410(giving)-410(vent)-409(to)-410(their)-410(ill-humour,)-450(their)-410(optimism,)-449(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-251(inane)-250(moralities,)-251(in)-251(conversation)-250(with)-251(the)-250(sly)-251(observer)-250(who)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.483 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 158.67 Td [(780)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(59.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(781)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-330(41;)-291(cf.)-330(Epict.)-331(iii.)-330(23;)-291(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 109.445 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.686 0 Td [(i.)-331(13;)-290(iii.)-330(18,)-284(4;)-290(vi.)-331(15;)-290(Mart.)-330(iii.)-331(44,)-284(45;)]TJ -136.086 -10.959 Td [(50.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(782)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.35 0 Td [(Brev.)-408(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.248 0 Td [(xii.)-408(2;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.295 0 Td [(Or.)-408(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.244 0 Td [(3838;)-329(Mart.)-408(iv.)-408(39;)-329(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 99.314 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.395 0 Td [(ii.)-408(688:)]TJ -253.801 -10.959 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(84.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.979 -7.31 Td [(783)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(53.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(784)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(62,)-250(63;)-250(cf.)-250(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 72.968 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(i.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.1 -7.394 Td [(785)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(68.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(786)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(52.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 836 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 837 0 R /Resources 835 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 839 0 R >> endobj 838 0 obj << /D [836 0 R /XYZ 46.771 244.813 null] >> endobj 835 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 842 0 obj << /Length 5676 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(164)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(reports)-374(their)-374(talk.)-623(They)-374(are)-374(all)-374(old)-374(slaves)-374(like)-374(their)-374(host,)-405(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-408(have)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.283 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(made)-408(their)-408(pile,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.617 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.294 0 Td [(or)-408(lost)-408(it.)-724(They)-408(rate)-408(themselves)]TJ -134.038 -13.549 Td [(and)-495(their)-495(neighbours)-495(simply)-495(in)-495(terms)-496(of)-495(cash.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.668 3.959 Td [(787)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.201 -3.959 Td [(The)-495(only)]TJ -238.869 -13.549 Td [(ability)-351(they)-350(can)-351(understand)-350(is)-351(that)-350(which)-351(can)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 205.717 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(pick)-351(money)-350(out)]TJ -210.56 -13.55 Td [(of)-326(the)-325(dung-heap,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.295 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.394 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.303 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(turn)-325(lead)-326(to)-325(gold.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 77.012 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(788)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.004 -3.959 Td [(These)-325(gross)-326(and)]TJ -208.696 -13.549 Td [(infinitely)-208(stupid)-207(fellows)-208(have)-207(not)-207(even)-208(the)-207(few)-208(saving)-207(traits)-208(in)-207(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-248(of)-247(Trimalchio.)-249(He)-248(has,)-248(after)-248(all,)-248(an)-247(honourable,)-248(though)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(futile,)-307(ambition)-295(to)-296(be)-295(a)-295(wit,)-307(a)-296(connoisseur,)-306(a)-296(patron)-295(of)-295(learning.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-310(luxury)-310(is)-310(coarse)-310(enough,)-325(but)-310(he)-310(wishes,)-325(however)-310(vainly,)-324(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(redeem)-329(it)-328(by)-329(some)-329(ingenuity,)-348(by)-329(interspersing)-328(the)-329(mere)-328(animal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feeding)-235(with)-234(some)-235(broken)-234(gleams,)-238(or,)-238(as)-234(we)-235(may)-234(think,)-238(faint)-234(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distorted)-294(reflections,)-305(of)-294(that)-295(great)-294(world)-294(of)-294(which)-294(he)-294(had)-294(heard,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-293(the)-293(portals)-294(of)-293(which)-293(he)-293(could)-293(never)-294(enter.)-379(But)-293(his)-293(company)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-448(of)-448(mere)-447(clay.)-844(Trimalchio)-447(is)-448(gross)-448(enough)-448(at)-447(times,)-497(but,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(compared)-292(with)-293(his)-292(guests,)-303(he)-293(seems)-292(almost)-293(tolerable.)-377(And)-292(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dull)-329(baseness)-328(is)-329(the)-328(more)-329(torturing)-328(to)-329(a)-328(modern)-329(reader)-328(because)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-415(is)-415(an)-415(enduring)-415(type.)-745(The)-415(neighbour)-415(of)-415(the)-415(Greek)-414(observer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(warns)-245(him)-244(not)-245(to)-244(despise)-245(his)-245(company;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.338 3.959 Td [(789)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.141 -3.959 Td [(they)-245(are)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.443 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(warm)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.84 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.512 0 Td [(men.)]TJ -259.117 -13.549 Td [(That)-274(one)-273(at)-274(the)-273(end)-274(of)-273(the)-274(couch,)-279(who)-274(began)-273(as)-274(a)-273(porter,)-280(has)-273(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(HS.800,000.)-363(Another,)-297(an)-287(undertaker,)-297(has)-288(had)-287(his)-288(glorious)-287(days,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-348(the)-349(wine)-348(flowed)-348(in)-348(rivers;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.819 3.959 Td [(790)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.788 -3.959 Td [(but)-348(he)-349(has)-348(been)-348(compelled)]TJ -160.607 -13.549 Td [(to)-251(compound)-250(with)-251(his)-250(creditors,)-251(and)-251(he)-250(has)-251(played)-250(them)-251(a)-250(clever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trick.)-227(A)-181(certain)-181(Seleucus,)-194(whose)-181(name)-181(reveals)-181(his)-181(origin,)-194(explains)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-283(objections)-284(to)-283(the)-284(bath,)-292(especially)-283(on)-284(this)-283(particular)-283(morning,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(when)-255(he)-254(has)-255(been)-254(at)-255(a)-254(funeral.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.07 3.959 Td [(791)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.33 -3.959 Td [(The)-255(fate)-254(of)-255(the)-254(departed)-255(friend)]TJ -147.4 -13.549 Td [(unfortunately)-334(leads)-334(him)-334(to)-334(moralise)-334(on)-334(the)-334(weakness)-334(of)-333(mortal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men,)-253(mere)-253(insects,)-253(or)-253(bubbles)-252(on)-253(the)-252(stream.)-258(As)-252(for)-253(medical)-252(aid,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-192(is)-192(an)-192(imaginary)-192(comfort;)-211(it)-192(oftener)-192(kills)-192(than)-192(cures.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.795 3.959 Td [(792)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.97 -3.959 Td [(The)-192(great)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -312.52 0 Td [([133])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(consolation)-274(was)-275(that)-274(the)-275(funeral)-274(was)-275(respectably)-274(done,)-280(although)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 92.19 Td [(787)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(38,)-250(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(788)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(43,)-250(in)-250(manu)-250(illius)-250(plumbum)-250(aurum)-250(fiebat.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(789)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(38,)-249(Collibertos)-250(ejus)-249(cave)-250(contemnas,)-249(valde)-250(succosi)-249(sunt.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 215.384 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.46 0 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.902 0 Td [(Cena)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 841 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 842 0 R /Resources 840 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 839 0 R >> endobj 843 0 obj << /D [841 0 R /XYZ 352.366 152.347 null] >> endobj 840 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 846 0 obj << /Length 6084 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(165)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-226(wife)-227(was)-226(not)-226(effusive)-226(in)-227(her)-226(grief.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.782 3.959 Td [(793)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.094 -3.959 Td [(Another)-226(guest)-227(will)-226(have)]TJ -176.876 -13.549 Td [(none)-292(of)-292(this)-293(affected)-292(mourning)-292(for)-292(one)-292(who)-293(lived)-292(the)-292(life)-292(of)-292(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(choice)-324(and)-325(left)-324(his)-325(solid)-324(hundred)-324(thousand.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.819 3.959 Td [(794)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.616 -3.959 Td [(He)-324(was)-325(after)-324(all)]TJ -209.435 -13.549 Td [(a)-365(harsh)-365(quarrelsome)-365(person,)-394(very)-365(different)-365(from)-365(his)-365(brother,)-393(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(stout,)-327(kindly)-311(fellow)-311(with)-311(an)-311(open)-311(hand,)-327(and)-311(a)-311(sumptuous)-311(table.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-327(had)-326(his)-327(reverses)-326(at)-327(first,)-345(but)-327(he)-326(was)-327(set)-326(up)-327(again)-326(by)-327(a)-326(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vintage)-209(and)-209(a)-210(lucky)-209(bequest,)-217(which)-209(he)-209(knew,)-218(by)-209(a)-209(sly)-209(stroke,)-217(how)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-355(increase;)-407(a)-354(true)-355(son)-355(of)-354(fortune,)-381(who)-355(lived)-354(his)-355(seventy)-354(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(more,)-290(as)-281(black)-281(as)-282(a)-281(crow,)-289(a)-282(man)-281(who)-281(lustily)-282(enjoyed)-281(all)-281(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(delights)-250(of)-250(the)-250(flesh)-250(to)-250(the)-250(very)-250(end.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.949 3.959 Td [(795)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -144.993 -19.383 Td [(But)-291(the)-290(most)-291(interesting)-291(person)-291(for)-290(the)-291(modern)-291(student)-291(is)-290(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(grumbler)-237(about)-237(the)-236(management)-237(of)-237(town)-237(affairs,)-239(and)-237(here)-237(a)-236(page)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-229(two)-228(of)-229(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 57.841 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.496 0 Td [(is)-229(worth)-228(a)-229(dissertation.)-242(The)-229(price)-228(of)-229(bread)]TJ -100.337 -13.55 Td [(has)-212(gone)-211(up,)-220(and)-211(the)-212(bakers)-211(must)-212(be)-212(in)-211(league)-212(with)-212(the)-211(aediles.)-237(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(good)-286(old)-287(times,)-296(when)-286(the)-287(critic)-287(first)-286(came)-287(from)-287(Asia,)-295(things)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-285(very)-284(different.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.081 3.959 Td [(796)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.315 -3.959 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(There)-285(were)-284(giants)-285(in)-285(those)-284(days.)-354(Think)]TJ -108.24 -13.549 Td [(of)-232(Safinius,)-236(who)-233(lived)-232(by)-233(the)-232(old)-233(arch,)-236(a)-232(man)-233(with)-232(a)-232(sharp,)-236(biting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tongue,)-304(but)-293(a)-293(true)-294(friend,)-304(a)-293(man)-293(who,)-304(in)-293(the)-293(town)-293(council,)-304(went)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(straight)-357(to)-357(his)-357(point,)-383(whose)-357(voice)-357(in)-357(the)-357(forum)-357(rang)-357(out)-357(like)-356(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(trumpet.)-243(Yet)-229(he)-228(was)-229(just)-229(like)-229(one)-228(of)-229(us,)-233(knew)-229(everybody)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 243.902 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-229(name,)]TJ -247.535 -13.549 Td [(and)-248(returned)-248(every)-249(salute.)-249(Why,)-248(in)-249(those)-248(days)-248(corn)-248(was)-248(as)-248(cheap)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-294(dirt.)-380(You)-294(could)-293(buy)-294(for)-293(an)-294(as)-293(a)-294(loaf)-293(big)-294(enough)-293(for)-294(two.)-380(But)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 219.715 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F23 8.9664 Tf 46.771 206.963 Td [(Trim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(223.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -21.673 -7.31 Td [(790)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(791)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(792)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-276(42,)-260(medicus)-259(nihil)-259(aliud)-258(est)-259(quam)-258(animi)-259(consolatio.)-276(For)-258(similar)-259(opinions)]TJ -11.955 -8.105 Td [(of)-269(the)-269(medical)-269(profession,)-274(cf.)-307(Petron.)-307(56;)-278(D.)-269(Cass.)-307(lxix.)-307(22,)-274(lxxi.)-307(33;)-278(Mart.)-307(vi.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(31;)-271(vi.)-291(53;)-271(ii.)-291(16;)-271(Epict.)-291(iii.)-292(23,)-267(\247)-264(27;)-271(Juv.)-291(iii.)-292(77;)-270(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 196.11 0 Td [(Philops.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.008 0 Td [(c.)-291(21,)-268(26;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.327 0 Td [(Adv.)]TJ -264.445 -10.959 Td [(Indoct.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.35 0 Td [(c.)-248(29;)-247(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.013 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.881 0 Td [(ii.)-248(779.)-249(Sen.)-248(gives)-246(a)-245(higher)-245(idea)-246(of)-245(the)-245(craft,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 158.547 0 Td [(De)-245(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -251.791 -10.959 Td [(vi.)-257(16;)-253(cf.)-257(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.239 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.447 0 Td [(x.)-257(8,)-253(where)-252(the)-252(doctor)-252(rejects)-253(the)-252(base)-252(proposals)-253(made)-252(to)]TJ -77.686 -10.959 Td [(him.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(793)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(42,)-250(planetus)-250(est)-250(optime,)-250(etiam)-250(si)-250(maligne)-250(illum)-250(ploravit)-250(uxor.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(794)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(795)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-345(43,)-290(noveram)-282(hominem)-281(olim)-282(oliorum,)-290(et)-281(adhuc)-282(salax)-282(est.)-345(On)-282(the)-282(phrase)]TJ -11.955 -10.959 Td [(olim)-250(oliorum)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.324 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.092 0 Td [(p.)-250(237.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.535 -7.311 Td [(796)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(44.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 845 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 846 0 R /Resources 844 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 839 0 R >> endobj 844 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 849 0 obj << /Length 6454 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(166)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-348(town)-347(has)-348(si)1(nce)-348(gone)-347(sadly)-348(back.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.414 3.959 Td [(797)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.371 -3.959 Td [(Our)-348(aediles)-347(now)-347(think)]TJ -180.785 -13.549 Td [(only)-405(how)-405(to)-405(pocket)-405(in)-406(a)-405(day)-405(what)-405(would)-405(be)-405(to)-405(some)-405(of)-405(us)-405(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortune.)-564(I)-355(know)-354(how)-355(a)-355(certain)-355(person)-354(made)-355(his)-355(thousand)-354(gold)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pieces.)-379(If)-293(this)-294(goes)-293(on,)-304(I)-293(shall)-293(have)-293(to)-293(sell)-293(my)-293(cottages.)-379(Neither)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(men)-260(nor)-261(the)-260(gods)-261(have)-260(any)-261(mercy.)-281(It)-261(all)-260(comes)-261(from)-260(our)-260(neglect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-244(religion.)-248(No)-245(one)-244(now)-244(keeps)-245(a)-244(fast,)-246(no)-244(one)-244(cares)-244(a)-245(fig)-244(for)-244(Jove.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-340(old)-340(days)-340(when)-340(there)-340(was)-341(a)-340(drought,)-362(the)-340(long-robed)-340(matrons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-331(bare)-330(feet,)-351(dishevelled)-331(hair,)-351(and)-330(pure)-331(hearts,)-351(would)-330(ascend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-307(hill)-307(to)-307(entreat)-307(Jupiter)-308(for)-307(rain,)-321(and)-307(then)-307(it)-307(would)-307(pour)-307(down)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-304(buckets.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.858 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(798)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.769 -3.959 Td [(At)-304(this)-304(point)-304(the)-304(maundering,)-317(pious)-304(pessimist)-304(is)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -141.226 0 Td [([134])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(interrupted)-292(by)-293(a)-292(rag)-292(dealer)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.96 3.959 Td [(799)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.642 -3.959 Td [(of)-292(a)-293(more)-292(cheerful)-292(temper.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.977 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Now)]TJ -259.423 -13.549 Td [(this,)-316(now)-302(that,)-316(as)-303(the)-302(rustic)-303(said,)-316(when)-302(he)-303(lost)-302(his)-303(speckled)-302(pig.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(What)-436(we)-436(have)-435(not)-436(to-day)-436(will)-436(come)-435(to-morrow;)-529(so)-436(life)-435(rubs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(along.)-357(Why,)-295(we)-285(are)-286(to)-286(have)-285(a)-286(three)-286(days)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 178.481 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.749 0 Td [(show)-286(of)-285(gladiators)-286(on)]TJ -185.23 -13.55 Td [(the)-362(next)-361(holiday,)-390(not)-361(of)-362(the)-361(common)-362(sort,)-389(but)-362(many)-361(freedmen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-386(them.)-659(And)-386(our)-386(Titus)-386(has)-386(a)-387(high)-386(spirit;)-454(he)-386(will)-386(not)-386(do)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(things)-231(by)-232(halves.)-244(He)-231(will)-232(give)-231(us)-232(cold)-231(steel)-232(without)-231(any)-231(shirking,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-292(good)-292(bit)-292(of)-292(butchery)-293(in)-292(full)-292(view)-292(of)-292(the)-292(amphitheatre.)-376(And)-292(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-318(well)-317(afford)-318(it.)-453(His)-317(father)-318(died)-318(and)-317(left)-318(him)-317(HS.30,000,000.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(What)-209(is)-208(a)-209(paltry)-208(HS.400,000)-209(to)-208(such)-209(a)-208(fortune?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.198 3.959 Td [(800)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.03 -3.959 Td [(and)-208(it)-209(will)-209(give)]TJ -216.228 -13.549 Td [(him)-337(a)-337(name)-337(for)-337(ever.)-512(He)-337(has)-337(some)-337(tit-bits,)-359(too,)-359(in)-337(reserve,)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lady)-330(chariot-driver,)-350(and)-329(the)-330(steward)-330(of)-330(Glyco,)-350(who)-330(was)-329(caught)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-227(his)-227(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.169 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-227(wife;)-235(poor)-227(wretch,)-232(he)-227(was)-227(only)-228(obeying)-227(orders.)]TJ -69.802 -13.549 Td [(And)-335(the)-335(worthless)-335(Glyco)-335(has)-335(given)-334(him)-335(to)-335(the)-335(beasts;)-378(the)-334(lady)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deserved)-218(to)-219(suffer.)-239(And)-219(I)-218(have)-218(an)-219(inkling)-218(that)-219(Mammaea)-218(is)-218(going)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-410(give)-411(us)-410(a)-411(feast,)-450(where)-411(we)-410(shall)-411(get)-410(two)-411(denarii)-410(apiece.)-731(If)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 164.917 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 158.104 Td [(797)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-402(44,)-313(haec)-300(colonia)-301(retroversus)-301(crescit)-300(tanquam)-301(coda)-300(vituli.)-402(This)-301(passage)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(is)-277(used)-278(to)-277(prove)-278(that)-277(Puteoli)-277(cannot)-278(be)-277(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 180.781 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(s)-277(town.)-333(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.768 0 Td [(Cena)-277(Trim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -239.534 -10.958 Td [(p.)-250(239.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(798)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(44)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.16 0 Td [(itaque)-250(statim)-250(urceatim)-250(plovebat.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -75.969 -7.311 Td [(799)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-470(45.)-471(On)-324(the)-323(meaning)-324(of)-323(Centonarius)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 147.457 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.123 0 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.882 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.582 0 Td [(ii.)-471(585.)-470(They)-324(had)]TJ -215 -10.959 Td [(a)-357(great)-358(number)-357(of)-358(Collegia,)-384(often)-357(leagued)-358(with)-357(the)-358(Fabri;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 216.797 0 Td [(v.)-357(Henz.)-573(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.625 0 Td [(pp.)]TJ -269.422 -10.958 Td [(171-72;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.136 0 Td [(C.)-250(Th.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.303 -7.311 Td [(800)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(For)-236(the)-235(cost)-236(of)-236(such)-235(shows,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 99.121 0 Td [(v.)-236(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.651 0 Td [(81;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.615 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.789 0 Td [(ii.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 9.426 0 Td [(Suppl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.78 0 Td [(p.)-245(1034;)-241(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.365 0 Td [(Cena)]TJ -261.702 -10.959 Td [(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.353 0 Td [(p.)-250(58;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.571 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(136.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 848 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 849 0 R /Resources 847 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 839 0 R >> endobj 850 0 obj << /D [848 0 R /XYZ 105.346 396.232 null] >> endobj 847 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 853 0 obj << /Length 5825 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(167)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(she)-376(does)-375(the)-376(part)-375(expected)-376(of)-375(her,)-407(Norbanus)-375(will)-376(be)-375(nowhere.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-235(gl)1(adiators)-235(were)-234(a)-235(wretched,)-237(weedy,)-238(twopenny-halfpenny)-234(lot,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-199(would)-199(go)-199(down)-199(at)-198(a)-199(mere)-199(breath.)-233(They)-199(were)-199(all)-199(cut)-199(to)-198(pieces,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-262(the)-262(cowards)-261(deserved,)-265(at)-262(the)-262(call)-262(of)-261(the)-262(crowd,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 218.257 0 Td [(\030)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(give)-262(it)-262(them.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 55.108 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -276.997 -13.55 Td [(A)-297(pretty)-297(show)-296(indeed!)-391(When)-297(I)-297(applauded,)-308(I)-297(gave)-297(far)-297(more)-296(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(I)-282(got.)-345(But)-282(friend)-281(Agamemnon,)-290(you)-282(are)-282(thinking)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 212.621 0 Td [(\030)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(what)-282(is)-281(all)-282(this)]TJ -216.254 -13.549 Td [(long-winded)-224(chatter.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 90.004 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 3.632 3.959 Td [(801)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.901 -3.959 Td [(Well,)-229(you,)-230(who)-224(dote)-224(on)-225(eloquence,)-229(why)]TJ -108.537 -13.549 Td [(won)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.786 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(t)-375(you)-375(talk)-376(yourself,)-406(instead)-375(of)-376(laughing)-375(at)-375(us)-375(feeble)-375(folk.)]TJ -22.419 -13.549 Td [(Some)-288(day)-287(I)-288(may)-287(persuade)-288(you)-287(to)-288(look)-287(in)-288(at)-287(my)-288(farm;)-306(I)-287(daresay,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(though)-365(the)-365(times)-365(are)-365(bad,)-394(we)-365(shall)-366(find)-365(a)-365(pullet)-365(to)-365(eat.)-595(And)-365(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-289(a)-289(young)-289(scholar)-289(ripening)-289(for)-289(your)-289(trade.)-367(He)-289(has)-289(good)-289(wits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-334(never)-334(raises)-333(his)-334(head)-334(from)-334(his)-333(task.)-501(He)-334(paints)-334(with)-334(a)-333(will.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-318(has)-318(begun)-318(Greek,)-335(and)-318(has)-318(a)-318(real)-318(taste)-318(for)-318(Latin.)-454(But)-318(one)-317(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-348(tutors)-347(is)-348(conceited)-348(and)-347(idle.)-543(The)-348(other)-347(is)-348(very)-347(painstaking,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(but,)-318(in)-304(his)-304(excess)-304(of)-305(zeal,)-317(he)-305(teaches)-304(more)-304(than)-304(he)-305(knows.)-412(So)-304(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-280(bought)-280(the)-281(boy)-280(some)-280(red-letter)-280(volumes,)-288(that)-280(he)-280(may)-280(get)-280(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tincture)-295(of)-294(law)-295(for)-294(domestic)-295(purposes.)-383(That)-295(is)-294(what)-295(gives)-294(bread)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([135])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(and)-217(butter.)-239(He)-218(has)-217(now)-217(had)-218(enough)-217(of)-217(literature.)-239(If)-218(he)-217(gives)-217(it)-217(up,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(I)-307(think)-308(I)-307(shall)-308(teach)-307(him)-308(a)-307(trade,)-322(the)-307(barber)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 191.205 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-307(or)-308(auctioneer)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.475 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-307(or)]TJ -263.945 -13.55 Td [(pleader)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.106 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 6.97 3.959 Td [(802)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.768 -3.959 Td [(something)-203(that)-202(only)-203(death)-203(can)-202(take)-203(from)-203(him.)-234(Every)]TJ -57.477 -13.549 Td [(day)-253(I)-252(din)-252(into)-253(his)-252(ears,)-253(Primigenius,)-254(my)-252(boy,)-253(what)-253(you)-252(learn)-252(you)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(learn)-285(for)-285(profit.)-356(Look)-285(at)-286(the)-285(lawyer)-285(Philero.)-356(If)-285(he)-285(had)-285(not)-285(learnt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-351(business,)-376(he)-351(could)-351(not)-351(keep)-351(the)-351(wolf)-351(from)-351(the)-351(door.)-553(Why,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-242(a)-243(little)-242(ago,)-244(he)-242(was)-242(a)-243(hawker)-242(with)-242(a)-243(bundle)-242(on)-242(his)-243(back,)-243(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(now)-266(he)-265(can)-266(hold)-265(his)-266(own)-265(with)-265(Norbanus.)-297(Learning)-265(is)-266(a)-265(treasure,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(a)-250(trade)-250(can)-250(never)-250(be)-250(lost.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.927 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -114.971 -15.855 Td [(To)-254(all)-254(this)-254(stimulating)-253(talk)-254(there)-254(are)-254(lively)-254(interludes.)-262(A)-253(guest)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(thinks)-330(one)-330(of)-331(the)-330(strangers,)-350(in)-330(a)-331(superior)-330(way,)-350(is)-330(making)-330(game)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-335(the)-334(company,)-356(and)-334(assails)-335(him)-334(with)-335(a)-334(shower)-334(of)-335(the)-334(choicest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abuse,)-284(in)-276(malodorous)-277(Latin)-277(of)-277(the)-276(slums,)-284(interlarded)-277(with)-276(proud)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(references)-344(to)-344(his)-344(own)-344(rise)-344(from)-343(the)-344(slave)-344(ranks.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.897 3.959 Td [(803)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.253 -3.959 Td [(Trimalchio)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 92.19 Td [(801)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(46,)-250(quid)-250(iste)-250(argutat)-250(molestus?)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.31 Td [(802)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(46)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(;)-250(cf.)-250(Mart.)-250(v.)-250(56;)-250(Juv.)-250(vii.)-250(5,)-250(176.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -73.726 -7.311 Td [(803)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(57.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 852 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 853 0 R /Resources 851 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 839 0 R >> endobj 854 0 obj << /D [852 0 R /XYZ 242.02 301.388 null] >> endobj 851 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 857 0 obj << /Length 5119 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(168)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(orders)-224(the)-224(house-dog,)-229(Scylax,)-229(to)-223(be)-224(brought)-224(in,)-229(but)-224(the)-224(brute)-223(falls)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foul)-329(of)-329(a)-329(pet)-329(spaniel,)-348(and,)-349(in)-329(the)-329(uproar,)-349(a)-329(lamp)-329(is)-328(overthrown,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-225(vases)-224(on)-225(the)-224(table)-225(are)-224(all)-225(smashed,)-230(and)-224(some)-225(of)-224(the)-225(guests)-224(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scalded)-299(with)-299(the)-299(hot)-298(oil.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.673 3.958 Td [(804)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.779 -3.958 Td [(In)-299(the)-299(middle)-298(of)-299(this)-299(lively)-299(scene,)-311(a)]TJ -123.452 -13.55 Td [(lictor)-310(announces)-310(the)-309(approach)-310(of)-310(Habinnas,)-325(a)-310(stone-cutter,)-324(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-311(also)-310(a)-311(great)-310(dignitary)-310(of)-311(the)-310(town.)-432(He)-310(arrives)-311(rather)-310(elevated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-367(another)-367(feast)-367(of)-367(which)-367(he)-367(has)-367(pleasant)-367(recollections.)-600(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(courteously)-337(asks)-338(for)-337(Fortunata,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.989 3.959 Td [(805)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.372 -3.959 Td [(who)-337(happens)-338(to)-337(be)-337(just)-338(then)]TJ -154.361 -13.549 Td [(looking)-456(after)-456(the)-456(plate)-457(and)-456(dividing)-456(the)-456(remains)-456(of)-456(the)-456(feast)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(among)-206(the)-206(slaves.)-236(That)-206(lady,)-215(after)-206(many)-206(calls,)-215(appears)-206(in)-206(a)-206(cherry)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(coloured)-324(tunic)-323(with)-324(a)-324(yellow)-324(girdle,)-342(wiping)-323(her)-324(hands)-324(with)-323(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(neckerchief.)-918(She)-473(has)-473(splendid)-473(rings)-473(on)-473(her)-472(arms,)-529(legs,)-528(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fingers,)-369(which)-346(she)-345(pulls)-345(off)-346(to)-345(show)-345(them)-346(to)-345(the)-345(stone-cutter)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(lady.)-240(Trimalchio)-221(is)-220(proud)-221(of)-220(their)-221(weight,)-226(and)-221(orders)-220(a)-221(balance)-220(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-240(brought)-239(in)-240(to)-240(confirm)-239(his)-240(assertions.)-247(It)-239(is)-240(melancholy)-240(to)-239(relate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that,)-313(in)-301(the)-300(end,)-313(the)-301(two)-300(ladies)-301(get)-300(hopelessly)-300(drunk,)-314(and)-300(fall)-300(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(embracing)-309(one)-309(another)-309(in)-310(a)-309(rather)-309(hysterical)-309(fashion.)-427(Fortunata)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-313(attempts)-314(to)-313(dance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.48 3.959 Td [(806)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.257 -3.959 Td [(In)-313(the)-314(growing)-313(confusion)-314(the)-313(slaves)]TJ -121.737 -13.549 Td [(take)-280(their)-280(places)-280(at)-280(table,)-288(and)-280(the)-280(cook)-280(begins)-280(to)-280(give)-280(imitations)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-305(a)-305(favourite)-305(actor,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.824 3.959 Td [(807)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.929 -3.959 Td [(and)-305(lays)-305(a)-305(wager)-304(with)-305(his)-305(master)-305(on)-305(the)]TJ -103.753 -13.549 Td [(chances)-303(of)-303(the)-303(green)-303(at)-303(the)-303(next)-303(races.)-409(Trimalchio,)-316(who)-303(by)-303(this)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([136])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(time)-274(was)-274(becoming)-275(very)-274(mellow)-274(and)-274(sentimental,)-280(determines)-274(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(make)-259(his)-258(will,)-261(and)-258(to)-259(manumit)-258(all)-258(his)-259(slaves,)-261(with)-258(a)-258(farm)-259(to)-258(one,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-259(house)-259(to)-259(another.)-278(He)-259(even)-259(gives)-259(his)-259(friend)-259(the)-259(stone-cutter)-259(full)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(directions)-312(about)-311(the)-312(monument)-311(which)-312(is)-311(to)-312(record)-311(so)-312(brilliant)-311(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(career.)-275(There)-258(is)-259(to)-258(be)-258(ample)-259(provision)-258(for)-258(its)-258(due)-259(keeping,)-260(in)-258(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fashion)-351(so)-351(well)-350(known)-351(from)-351(the)-351(inscriptions,)-376(with)-351(a)-351(fair)-350(space)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-335(prescribed)-335(measurements,)-356(planted)-335(with)-335(vines)-335(and)-335(other)-335(fruit)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.352 Td [(804)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(64.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.394 Td [(805)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(67.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(806)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(70.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(807)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-641(Ephesum)-380(tragoedum)-381(coepit)-380(imitare)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 144.728 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(Sonst)-380(unbekannt,)-413(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 96.052 0 Td [(Cena)]TJ -261.702 -10.959 Td [(Trim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.923 0 Td [(306.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 856 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 857 0 R /Resources 855 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 839 0 R >> endobj 858 0 obj << /D [856 0 R /XYZ 297.141 247.191 null] >> endobj 855 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 861 0 obj << /Length 6433 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(society)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen)-11506(169)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(trees.)-432(Trimalchio)-311(wishes)-311(to)-311(be)-311(comfortable)-310(in)-311(his)-311(last)-311(home.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(808)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(On)-197(the)-197(face)-197(of)-197(the)-198(monument)-197(ships)-197(under)-197(full)-197(sail)-197(are)-197(to)-197(figure)-197(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sources)-307(of)-307(his)-307(wealth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.392 3.959 Td [(809)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.045 -3.959 Td [(He)-307(himself)-307(is)-307(to)-307(be)-307(sculptured,)-321(seated)]TJ -113.437 -13.549 Td [(on)-282(a)-282(tribunal,)-290(clothed)-283(with)-282(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 135.817 0 Td [(praetexta)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.281 0 Td [(of)-282(the)-282(Augustalis,)-290(with)]TJ -180.098 -13.55 Td [(five)-375(rings)-375(on)-375(his)-374(fingers,)-406(ladling)-375(money)-375(from)-375(a)-375(bag,)-406(as)-375(in)-374(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-260(banquet)-260(with)-259(which)-260(he)-260(had)-259(once)-260(regaled)-260(the)-260(people.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.8 3.959 Td [(810)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.499 -3.959 Td [(On)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(right)-251(hand)-250(there)-251(is)-250(to)-250(be)-251(the)-250(figure)-251(of)-250(his)-250(wife)-251(holding)-250(a)-250(dove)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-301(a)-301(spaniel)-301(on)-300(a)-301(leash.)-403(A)-301(boy)-300(is)-301(to)-301(be)-301(graved)-301(weeping)-301(over)-300(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(broken)-244(urn.)-247(And,)-245(finally,)-245(in)-244(the)-243(centre)-244(of)-243(the)-244(scene,)-245(there)-243(is)-244(to)-243(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-219(horologe,)-225(that)-219(the)-219(passer-by,)-225(as)-219(he)-219(looks)-219(for)-219(the)-219(hour,)-225(may)-219(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-273(eyes)-273(always)-273(drawn)-272(to)-273(the)-273(epitaph)-273(which)-273(recited)-273(the)-272(dignities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-437(virtues)-437(of)-438(the)-437(illustrious)-437(freedman.)-812(It)-437(told)-437(posterity)-437(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(C.)-332(Pompeius)-332(Trimalchio)-332(Maecenatianus)-332(was)-332(pious,)-353(stout,)-352(and)]TJ -4.844 -13.549 Td [(trusty,)-290(that)-282(he)-282(rose)-281(from)-282(nothing,)-290(left)-282(HS.30,000,000,)-290(and)-281(never)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(heard)-158(a)-159(philosopher.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.766 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.57 0 Td [(The)-158(whole)-159(company,)-176(along)-158(with)-159(Trimalchio)]TJ -93.336 -13.549 Td [(himself,)-201(of)-189(course)-189(wept)-189(copiously)-188(at)-189(the)-189(mere)-189(thought)-189(of)-189(the)-188(close)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(so)-294(illustrious)-295(a)-295(career.)-384(After)-295(renewing)-294(their)-295(gastric)-295(energy)-294(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-296(bath,)-307(the)-296(company)-296(fell)-296(to)-296(another)-296(banquet.)-388(Presently)-296(a)-295(cock)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crows,)-409(and)-377(Trimalchio,)-408(in)-377(a)-377(fit)-377(of)-377(superstition,)-409(spills)-377(his)-376(wine)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(under)-238(the)-239(table,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.306 3.959 Td [(811)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.079 -3.959 Td [(passes)-238(his)-239(rings)-238(to)-238(the)-239(right)-238(hand,)-241(and)-238(offers)-238(a)]TJ -82.385 -13.549 Td [(reward)-202(to)-202(any)-202(one)-203(who)-202(will)-202(bring)-202(the)-202(ominous)-202(bird.)-234(The)-202(disturber)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-197(soon)-197(caught)-197(and)-197(handed)-197(over)-197(to)-197(the)-197(cook)-197(for)-197(execution.)-232(Then)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Trimalchio)-218(excites)-217(his)-218(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 118.011 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-218(natural)-217(anger)-218(by)-217(a)-218(piece)-217(of)-218(amatory)]TJ -121.643 -13.549 Td [(grossness,)-294(and,)-293(in)-285(retaliation)-285(for)-285(her)-284(very)-285(vigorous)-285(abuse,)-293(flings)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([137])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(a)-383(cup)-383(at)-383(her)-383(head.)-650(In)-383(the)-383(scene)-383(which)-383(follows)-383(he)-383(gives,)-416(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-432(foulest)-433(references)-432(to)-433(his)-432(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.028 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-432(early)-433(history,)-478(a)-432(sketch)-433(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 164.917 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 158.104 Td [(808)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.345 0 Td [(Or.)-350(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.548 0 Td [(4070,)-292(7321;)-300(Petron.)-349(71,)-292(valde)-283(enim)-284(falsum)-283(est)-283(vivo)-284(quidem)]TJ -64.849 -10.959 Td [(domos)-250(cultas)-250(esse,)-250(non)-250(curari)-250(eas)-250(ubi)-250(diutius)-250(nobis)-250(habitandum)-250(est.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.31 Td [(809)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.087 0 Td [(the)-320(monument)-319(of)-320(C.)-319(Munatius)-320(Faustus)-319(at)-320(Pompeii,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 187.967 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.541 0 Td [(x.)-459(1030.)-458(But)]TJ -232.551 -10.959 Td [(Mau,)-250(p.)-250(415)-250(\050Tr.\051,)-250(interprets)-250(it)-250(differently)-250(from)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 195.736 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.093 0 Td [(p.)-250(307.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -238.579 -7.311 Td [(810)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(See)-276(the)-277(monument)-276(of)-276(the)-276(surgeon)-277(oculist)-276(of)-276(Assisi,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 186.977 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.681 0 Td [(2983,)-283(who)-276(records)]TJ -213.614 -10.959 Td [(the)-238(amount)-237(he)-238(gave)-237(for)-237(his)-238(freedom,)-240(his)-237(benefactions,)-240(and)-238(his)-237(fortune.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 251.527 0 Td [(v.)-246(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -251.527 -10.958 Td [(v.)-245(4482,)-236(the)-234(monument)-233(of)-234(Valerius)-233(Anteros)-233(Asiaticus,)-237(a)-234(Sevir)-233(Aug.)-245(of)-233(Brescia.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(811)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.155 0 Td [(H.)-258(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.567 0 Td [(xxvi.)-274(2)-259(\05026\051;)-262(xxviii.)-274(6)-258(\05057\051,)-260(plerique)-259(\050suadent\051)-258(anulum)-258(e)-258(sinistra)]TJ -52.678 -10.959 Td [(in)-250(longissimum)-250(dextrae)-250(digitum)-250(transferre.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 860 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 861 0 R /Resources 859 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 863 0 R >> endobj 862 0 obj << /D [860 0 R /XYZ 127.792 206.544 null] >> endobj 859 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 866 0 obj << /Length 4533 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(170)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(his)-425(own)-425(career)-425(and)-425(the)-425(eulogy)-425(of)-425(the)-425(virtues)-425(that)-425(have)-424(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-339(what)-338(he)-339(is.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.567 3.959 Td [(812)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.081 -3.959 Td [(Growing)-339(more)-338(and)-339(more)-339(sentimental,)-360(he)-339(at)]TJ -87.648 -13.549 Td [(last)-414(has)-414(himself)-414(laid)-414(out)-414(for)-414(dead;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.174 3.959 Td [(813)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.864 -3.959 Td [(the)-414(horn-blowers)-414(sound)]TJ -174.038 -13.549 Td [(his)-307(last)-307(lament,)-322(one)-307(of)-307(them,)-322(the)-307(undertaker)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 193.442 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-307(man,)-322(with)-307(such)-307(a)]TJ -197.075 -13.55 Td [(good)-335(will,)-355(that)-335(the)-334(town)-335(watch)-334(arrived)-335(in)-334(breathless)-335(haste)-334(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(water)-406(and)-406(axes)-405(to)-406(extinguish)-406(a)-406(fire.)-717(The)-406(strangers)-406(seized)-405(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opportunity)-211(to)-211(escape)-211(from)-211(the)-211(nauseous)-211(scene.)-237(Their)-211(taste)-210(raised)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-259(above)-259(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 101.996 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-259(circle,)-261(but)-259(they)-258(were)-259(quite)-259(on)-259(the)-259(level)]TJ -105.629 -13.549 Td [(of)-311(its)-311(morals.)-433(Encolpius)-311(and)-311(his)-311(companions)-311(are)-311(soon)-310(involved)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-250(other)-250(adventures,)-250(in)-250(which)-250(it)-250(is)-250(better)-250(not)-250(to)-250(follow)-250(them.)]TJ 11.955 -13.549 Td [(The)-170(lesson)-170(of)-171(all)-170(this)-170(purse-proud)-170(ostentation)-170(and)-170(vulgarity,)-187(the)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(moral)-248(which)-247(Petronius)-248(may)-247(have)-248(intended)-248(to)-247(point,)-248(is)-248(one)-247(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-387(be)-387(taught)-386(from)-387(age)-387(to)-386(age)-387(by)-387(descendants)-387(of)-386(Trimalchio,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-291(which)-292(will)-291(be)-291(never)-291(learnt)-292(till)-291(a)-291(far)-292(off)-291(future.)-374(But)-291(we)-291(need)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-337(moralise,)-359(any)-337(more)-337(than)-337(Petronius.)-511(We)-337(have)-336(merely)-337(given)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-292(snatches)-291(of)-292(a)-292(work,)-302(which)-292(is)-291(now)-292(seldom)-292(read,)-302(because)-291(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throws)-359(a)-359(searching)-359(light)-360(on)-359(a)-359(class)-359(which)-359(was)-359(rising)-359(to)-359(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-295(Roman)-296(society.)-386(We)-295(have)-295(now)-296(seen)-295(the)-295(worst)-296(of)-295(that)-295(society,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-443(crushed)-443(by)-443(the)-444(tyranny)-443(of)-443(the)-443(Caesars,)-491(or)-443(corrupted)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-230(vulgarised)-229(by)-230(sudden)-230(elevation)-229(from)-230(ignominious)-230(poverty)-229(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wealth)-332(and)-332(luxury.)-496(But)-333(there)-332(were)-332(great)-332(numbers,)-352(both)-332(among)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-382(nobles)-382(and)-382(the)-383(masses,)-415(who,)-415(in)-382(that)-382(evil)-382(time,)-415(maintained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-432(traditions)-433(of)-432(old)-432(Roman)-433(soberness)-432(and)-432(virtue.)-797(The)-432(three)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(following)-223(chapters)-223(will)-223(reveal)-223(a)-223(different)-223(life)-223(from)-223(that)-223(which)-223(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-250(hitherto)-250(been)-250(describing.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([138])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 102.988 Td [(812)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(75,)-250(ad)-250(hanc)-250(me)-250(fortunam)-250(frugalitas)-250(mea)-250(perduxit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(813)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-489(78;)-369(cf.)-489(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.531 0 Td [(De)-330(Brev.)-489(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.625 0 Td [(xx.)-489(3,)-349(where)-330(a)-330(similar)-329(scene)-330(is)-330(described.)]TJ -127.112 -10.959 Td [(Turannius)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 36.359 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(componi)-435(se)-435(in)-434(lecto)-435(et)-435(velut)-435(exanimem)-434(a)-435(circumstante)-435(familia)]TJ -45.325 -10.959 Td [(plangi)-250(jussit.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 865 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 866 0 R /Resources 864 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 863 0 R >> endobj 867 0 obj << /D [865 0 R /XYZ 93.543 190.616 null] >> endobj 864 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 868 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index7) >> endobj 871 0 obj (Book II. Rara temporum felicitas) endobj 874 0 obj << /Length 257 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([139])]TJ/F16 18.9589 Tf -186.545 -64.318 Td [(BOOK)-281(II)]TJ/F23 15.7808 Tf -68.653 -55.097 Td [(RARA)-261(TEMPORUM)-261(FELICITAS)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 255.198 -15.993 Td [([140])]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 873 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 874 0 R /Resources 872 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 863 0 R >> endobj 875 0 obj << /D [873 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 869 0 obj << /D [873 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 876 0 obj << /D [873 0 R /XYZ 46.771 377.403 null] >> endobj 872 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 879 0 obj << /Length 32 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G endstream endobj 878 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 879 0 R /Resources 877 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 863 0 R >> endobj 877 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF ] >> endobj 880 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index8) >> endobj 883 0 obj (I. The circle of the younger Pliny) endobj 886 0 obj << /Length 4744 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([141])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf -191.494 -31.418 Td [(CHAPTER)-280(I)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -76.509 -46.9 Td [(THE)-257(CIRCLE)-257(OF)-257(THE)-257(YOUNGER)-257(PLINY)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -23.021 -27.198 Td [(It)-381(is)-381(a)-381(great)-381(relief)-381(to)-381(turn)-381(from)-381(the)-381(picture)-381(of)-381(base)-381(and)-380(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(luxury)-223(in)-222(the)-223(novel)-223(of)-222(Petronius)-223(to)-223(the)-222(sobriety)-223(and)-223(refinement)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-230(class)-231(which)-230(has)-231(been)-230(elaborately)-230(painted)-231(by)-230(a)-231(less)-230(skilful)-230(artist,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(but)-267(a)-267(better)-266(man.)-301(The)-267(contrast)-266(between)-267(the)-267(pictures)-267(of)-266(Petronius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-346(those)-346(of)-346(Pliny,)-370(of)-346(course,)-370(raises)-346(no)-346(difficulty.)-538(The)-346(writers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belonged)-237(indeed)-236(to)-237(the)-236(same)-237(order,)-239(but)-237(they)-236(were)-237(describing)-236(two)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(different)-218(worlds.)-239(The)-218(difficulty)-217(arises)-218(when)-218(we)-217(compare)-218(the)-217(high)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tone)-208(of)-208(the)-207(world)-208(which)-208(Pliny)-208(has)-208(immortalised,)-216(with)-208(the)-207(hideous)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(revelations)-192(of)-193(contemporary)-192(licence)-192(in)-192(the)-193(same)-192(class)-192(which)-192(meet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us)-391(in)-390(Juvenal,)-426(Martial,)-426(and)-390(Tacitus.)-672(And)-390(historical)-391(charity)-390(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(optimism)-412(has)-412(often)-412(turned)-412(the)-412(contrast)-412(to)-412(account.)-736(But)-412(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-324(no)-325(need)-324(to)-325(pit)-324(the)-324(quiet)-325(testimony)-324(of)-324(Pliny)-325(against)-324(the)-324(fierce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(invective)-206(of)-206(Juvenal.)-236(Indeed)-206(to)-206(do)-206(so)-206(would)-206(indicate)-206(an)-206(imperfect)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(insight)-284(into)-284(the)-284(character)-284(of)-284(the)-284(men)-284(and)-284(the)-284(associations)-283(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moulded)-266(their)-265(views)-266(of)-266(the)-265(society)-266(which)-266(surrounded)-265(them.)-297(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friends)-395(of)-395(Pliny)-395(were)-396(for)-395(the)-395(most)-395(part)-395(contemporaries)-395(of)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(objects)-247(of)-247(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.707 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-247(wrath)-247(and)-247(loathing.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 91.403 3.959 Td [(814)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.169 -3.959 Td [(But)-247(although)-247(the)-247(two)]TJ -188.911 -13.549 Td [(men)-194(lived)-194(side)-194(by)-194(side)-194(during)-194(the)-194(same)-194(years,)-205(and)-194(probably)-194(began)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-209(write)-209(for)-209(the)-209(public)-209(about)-209(the)-209(same)-209(date,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 183.358 3.959 Td [(815)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.823 -3.959 Td [(there)-209(is)-209(no)-209(hint)-209(that)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 153.72 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 146.908 Td [(814)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Some)-551(of)-552(Pliny)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 56.717 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-551(older)-552(friends,)-626(the)-552(elder)-551(Pliny,)-626(Quintilian,)-627(Spurinna,)]TJ -71.659 -10.959 Td [(Verginius)-429(Rufus,)-474(go)-429(back)-429(to)-428(the)-429(age)-429(which)-429(Juvenal)-429(professes)-429(to)-429(attack)-429(\050i.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(170\051.)-354(But,)-293(although)-285(Juvenal)-285(mentions)-284(few)-285(names)-285(of)-284(his)-285(own)-285(generation,)-293(such)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(as)-265(Isaeus,)-270(Archigenes,)-269(and)-265(Marius)-265(Priscus,)-270(a)-265(comparison)-265(between)-266(his)-265(subjects)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(and)-295(those)-294(of)-295(Martial)-295(shows)-295(that)-294(they)-295(were)-295(dealing)-294(with)-295(the)-295(same)-294(social)-295(facts.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Cf.)-250(Teuffel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.321 0 Td [(R.)-250(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(ii.)-250(\247)-250(326,)-250(n.)-250(5;)-250(Nettleship,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 93.653 0 Td [(Lectures)-250(and)-250(Essays)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 73.22 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(124)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -235.36 -7.394 Td [(815)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.691 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.535 0 Td [(\050Morel\051,)-265(p.)-285(7;)-267(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.196 0 Td [(Gesch.)-285(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.256 0 Td [(ii.)-285(77;)-268(Nettleship,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.116 0 Td [(Lectures)]TJ -249.75 -10.959 Td [(and)-250(Essays)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.098 0 Td [(,)-250(131.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 885 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 886 0 R /Resources 884 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 863 0 R >> endobj 78 0 obj << /D [885 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 881 0 obj << /D [885 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 884 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 889 0 obj << /Length 5116 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(174)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(they)-311(ever)-310(met.)-432(They)-311(were)-310(socially)-311(at)-310(opposite)-311(poles;)-341(they)-310(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(also)-221(as)-221(widely)-221(separated)-221(by)-220(temperament.)-241(Pliny)-221(was)-221(a)-220(charitable,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good-natured)-419(man,)-461(an)-419(aristocrat,)-461(living)-419(among)-419(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 234.691 0 Td [(\351lite)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.786 0 Td [(,)-461(with)]TJ -253.477 -13.549 Td [(an)-286(assured)-286(position)-286(and)-285(easy)-286(fortune)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 160.41 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(a)-286(man)-286(who,)-295(as)-285(he)-286(admits)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -244.074 0 Td [([142])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(himself,)-239(was)-237(inclined)-236(to)-237(idealise)-237(his)-236(friends.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 190.649 3.959 Td [(816)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.132 -3.959 Td [(He)-237(probably)-236(shut)]TJ -205.781 -13.549 Td [(his)-301(eyes)-300(to)-301(their)-300(moral)-301(faults,)-313(just)-301(as)-300(he)-301(felt)-301(bound)-300(in)-301(honour)-300(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extol)-273(their)-274(third-rate)-273(literary)-274(efforts.)-320(Juvenal)-273(was,)-279(as)-274(in)-273(a)-273(former)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chapter)-259(we)-259(have)-259(seen)-259(reason)-260(to)-259(believe,)-261(a)-259(soured)-259(and)-259(embittered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man,)-448(who)-409(viewed)-409(the)-408(society)-409(of)-408(the)-409(great)-409(world)-408(only)-409(from)-408(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(distance,)-244(and)-242(caught)-243(up)-242(the)-242(gossip)-243(of)-242(the)-242(servants)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 214.771 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(hall.)-247(With)-243(the)]TJ -221.047 -13.549 Td [(heat)-335(of)-335(an)-335(excitable)-336(temperament,)-356(he)-335(probably)-335(magnified)-335(what)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-205(heard,)-213(and)-205(he)-204(made)-205(whole)-204(classes)-205(responsible)-204(for)-204(the)-205(folly)-204(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intemperance)-337(of)-338(a)-337(few.)-512(Martial,)-359(the)-337(friend)-338(of)-337(Juvenal,)-359(lived)-337(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-222(same)-221(atmosphere,)-228(but,)-227(while)-222(Juvenal)-222(was)-221(inspired)-222(by)-222(a)-221(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purpose,)-293(Martial)-284(caters,)-292(unabashed,)-293(for)-284(a)-284(prurient)-284(taste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.117 3.959 Td [(817)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.295 -3.959 Td [(Both)]TJ -259.412 -13.549 Td [(the)-229(charitable)-228(optimist)-228(and)-229(the)-228(gloomy,)-233(determined)-229(pessimist,)-232(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(limiting)-263(their)-262(view,)-266(can)-263(find)-263(ample)-262(materials)-263(for)-263(their)-262(respective)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(estimates)-224(of)-224(pagan)-223(society)-224(towards)-224(the)-224(end)-224(of)-224(the)-223(first)-224(century.)-241(A)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(judicial)-237(criticism)-237(will)-236(combine)-237(or)-237(balance)-237(the)-237(opposing)-236(evidence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rather)-250(than)-250(select)-250(the)-250(witnesses.)]TJ 11.955 -13.855 Td [(The)-189(truth)-188(is)-189(that)-189(society)-188(in)-189(every)-189(age)-189(presents)-188(the)-189(most)-189(startling)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(moral)-308(contrasts,)-322(and)-308(no)-308(single)-308(comprehensive)-308(description)-308(of)-307(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-494(condition)-493(can)-494(ever)-493(be)-494(true.)-981(This)-494(has)-493(been)-494(too)-493(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forgotten)-251(by)-250(those)-251(who)-250(have)-251(passed)-250(judgment)-251(on)-250(the)-251(moral)-250(state)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-407(Roman)-407(society,)-446(both)-407(in)-406(the)-407(first)-407(age)-407(of)-407(the)-407(Empire)-407(and)-406(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-409(last.)-727(That)-409(there)-409(was)-409(stupendous)-409(corruption)-409(and)-408(abnormal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(depravity)-336(under)-337(princes)-336(like)-337(Caligula,)-358(Nero,)-358(and)-336(Domitian,)-358(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hardly)-250(need)-251(the)-250(testimony)-251(of)-250(the)-250(satirists)-251(to)-250(induce)-251(us)-250(to)-250(believe.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(That)-226(there)-225(were)-226(large)-225(classes)-226(among)-225(whom)-226(virtuous)-225(instinct,)-230(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-370(the)-370(sober)-370(strength)-371(and)-370(gravity)-370(of)-370(the)-370(old)-370(Roman)-370(character,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-257(still)-256(vigorous)-257(and)-256(untainted,)-258(is)-257(equally)-256(attested)-257(and)-256(equally)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(certain.)-660(Ingenious)-386(immorality)-387(and)-387(the)-386(extravagance)-387(of)-386(luxury)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 81.071 Td [(816)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vii.)-250(28.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(817)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iii.)-250(68,)-250(86;)-250(v.)-250(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 888 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 889 0 R /Resources 887 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 863 0 R >> endobj 890 0 obj << /D [888 0 R /XYZ 106.96 477.528 null] >> endobj 887 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 893 0 obj << /Length 5724 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(175)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(were)-339(no)-339(doubt)-339(rampant)-339(in)-339(the)-339(last)-339(century)-339(of)-339(the)-339(Republic)-338(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-340(the)-339(first)-339(century)-340(of)-339(the)-340(Empire,)-362(and)-339(their)-340(enormity)-339(has)-339(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heightened)-254(by)-254(the)-254(perverted)-253(and)-254(often)-254(prurient)-254(literary)-254(skill)-253(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-439(the)-439(orgies)-439(of)-439(voluptuous)-439(caprice)-439(have)-439(been)-439(painted)-439(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-331(last)-332(loathsome)-331(details.)-495(Yet)-331(even)-332(Ovid)-331(has)-332(a)-331(lingering)-331(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-406(womanly)-406(di)1(gnity)-406(which)-406(may)-406(repel,)-444(by)-406(refined)-406(reserve,)-444(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(audacity)-467(of)-466(libertinism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.236 3.959 Td [(818)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.27 -3.959 Td [(He)-467(was)-466(forced,)-521(by)-467(old-fashioned)]TJ -128.506 -13.549 Td [(scruple)-219(or)-220(imperial)-219(displeasure,)-226(to)-219(make)-219(an)-220(elaborate)-219(apology)-219(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-283(lubricities)-282(of)-283(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 91.716 0 Td [(Ars)-283(Amandi)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 52.174 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.958 Td [(819)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.247 -3.958 Td [(The)-283(most)-282(wanton)-283(writer)-282(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.16 0 Td [([143])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(the)-359(evil)-358(days)-359(shrinks)-359(from)-359(justifying)-358(adultery,)-386(and)-359(hardly)-358(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fails)-377(to)-377(respect)-377(the)-376(unconscious)-377(innocence)-377(of)-377(girlhood.)-631(In)-376(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(days)-297(when,)-308(according)-296(to)-297(Juvenal,)-308(Roman)-296(matrons)-297(were)-296(eloping)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-423(gladiators,)-466(and)-423(visiting)-422(the)-423(slums)-423(of)-423(Rome,)-466(Tacitus)-422(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Favorinus)-369(were)-368(preaching)-369(the)-368(duties)-369(of)-369(a)-368(pure)-369(motherhood.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(820)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(In)-329(the)-328(days)-329(when)-328(crowds)-329(were)-328(gloating)-329(over)-328(the)-329(obscenities)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pantomime,)-335(and)-318(aristocratic)-318(dinner-parties)-318(were)-318(applauding)-317(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ribaldry)-389(of)-388(Alexandrian)-389(songs,)-423(Quintilian)-389(was)-389(denouncing)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corruption)-456(of)-456(youth)-456(by)-456(the)-456(sight)-456(of)-456(their)-456(fathers)-456(toying)-455(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mistresses)-404(and)-405(minions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 107.308 3.958 Td [(821)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.229 -3.958 Td [(In)-404(an)-405(age)-404(when)-404(matrons)-404(of)-405(noble)]TJ -127.537 -13.55 Td [(rank)-208(were)-209(exposing)-208(themselves)-209(at)-208(the)-209(pleasure)-208(of)-208(an)-209(emperor,)-216(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosopher)-297(Musonius)-296(was)-297(teaching)-296(that)-297(all)-296(indulgence,)-308(outside)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(sober)-293(limits)-293(of)-293(wedlock,)-303(was)-293(a)-293(gross,)-304(animal)-293(degradation)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-352(dignity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.178 3.959 Td [(822)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.519 -3.959 Td [(And)-352(it)-352(is)-352(thus)-352(we)-352(may)-352(balance)-352(Juvenal)-352(and)]TJ -85.697 -13.549 Td [(Martial)-320(on)-320(the)-319(one)-320(side)-320(and)-320(Pli)1(ny)-320(on)-320(the)-320(other.)-459(The)-320(gloomy)-319(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prurient)-180(satirist)-181(gives)-180(us)-180(a)-180(picture)-181(of)-180(ideal)-180(baseness;)-204(the)-180(gentle)-180(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(charitable)-347(aristocrat)-346(opens)-347(before)-346(us)-347(a)-347(society)-346(in)-347(which)-346(people)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-414(charmingly)-414(refined,)-454(and)-414(perhaps)-414(a)-414(little)-414(too)-413(good.)-742(Yet)-413(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-346(said)-347(with)-346(truth)-347(that)-346(an)-347(age)-346(should)-346(be)-347(judged)-346(by)-347(its)-346(ideals)-346(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.16 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 136.347 Td [(818)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Amor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(iii.)-250(4,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.552 -7.31 Td [(819)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Trist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.429 0 Td [(ii.)-250(212,)-250(346,)-250(353,)-250(Vita)-250(verecunda)-250(est,)-250(Musa)-250(jocosa)-250(mihi;)-250(497.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.575 -7.311 Td [(820)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.299 0 Td [(De)-375(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(28,)-407(non)-375(in)-376(cella)-375(emptae)-376(nutricis)-375(sed)-376(gremio)-375(ac)-376(sinu)-375(matris)]TJ -62.646 -10.959 Td [(educabatur;)-250(A.)-250(Gell.)-250(xii.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(821)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Quintil.)-250(i.)-250(2,)-250(4,)-250(8;)-250(nostras)-250(amicas,)-250(nostros)-250(concubinos)-250(vident.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(822)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Stob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.906 0 Td [(Flor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.752 0 Td [(vi.)-359(61;)-305(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.032 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-296(xxvii.;)-304(cf.)-359(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.03 0 Td [(Id\351es)-286(Morales,)-296(etc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.959 0 Td [(,)-296(ii.)-359(p.)]TJ -258.566 -10.959 Td [(134.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 892 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 893 0 R /Resources 891 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 895 0 R >> endobj 894 0 obj << /D [892 0 R /XYZ 63.185 409.782 null] >> endobj 891 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 898 0 obj << /Length 5273 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(176)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(goodness)-318(rather)-317(than)-318(by)-318(its)-317(moral)-318(aberrations.)-453(And)-317(certain)-318(it)-317(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-232(the)-232(age)-232(of)-232(Pliny)-231(and)-232(Tacitus)-232(and)-232(Quintilian)-232(had)-232(a)-232(high)-231(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideal,)-447(even)-408(though)-407(it)-408(was)-408(also)-407(the)-408(age)-407(of)-408(Domitian.)-723(The)-407(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-301(character,)-314(whatever)-301(pessimists,)-314(ancient)-301(or)-302(modern,)-313(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(say,)-403(was)-372(a)-373(stubborn)-372(type,)-403(which)-372(propagated)-372(itself)-373(over)-372(all)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(West,)-248(and)-248(survived)-248(the)-248(Western)-248(Empire.)-250(It)-248(is)-248(safe)-248(to)-247(believe)-248(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-260(was)-260(in)-259(Italy)-260(and)-260(Gaul)-260(and)-260(Spain)-259(many)-260(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 202.242 0 Td [(grand)-260(seigneur)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 69.301 0 Td [(of)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(honest,)-279(regular)-273(life,)-279(virtuous)-273(according)-273(to)-273(his)-273(lights,)-279(like)-273(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(uncle,)-324(or)-310(his)-309(Spurinna,)-325(or)-309(Verginius)-310(Rufus,)-324(or)-310(Corellius.)-428(There)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-242(certainly)-242(many)-242(wedded)-241(lives)-242(as)-242(pure)-242(and)-242(self-sacrificing)-241(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-261(of)-260(the)-261(elder)-260(Arria)-261(and)-261(Caecina)-260(Paetus,)-264(or)-260(of)-261(Calpurnia)-260(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.768 3.959 Td [(823)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.056 -3.959 Td [(There)-368(were)-369(homes)-368(like)-369(those)-368(at)-369(Fr\351jus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.504 3.959 Td [(824)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.796 -3.959 Td [(or)-368(Como,)]TJ -238.124 -13.549 Td [(or)-332(Brescia,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.153 3.959 Td [(825)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.3 -3.959 Td [(in)-332(which)-332(boys)-332(and)-332(girls)-332(were)-332(reared)-332(in)-332(a)-332(refined)]TJ -64.453 -13.549 Td [(and)-335(severe)-335(simplicity,)-356(which)-334(even)-335(improved)-335(upon)-335(the)-334(tradition)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([144])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(of)-431(the)-431(golden)-430(age)-431(of)-431(Rome.)-792(And,)-476(as)-431(will)-430(be)-431(seen)-431(in)-431(a)-430(later)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chapter,)-413(many)-380(a)-380(brief)-379(stone)-380(record)-380(remains)-380(which)-380(shows)-380(that,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-295(in)-296(the)-295(world)-295(of)-295(slaves)-296(and)-295(freedmen,)-307(there)-295(were)-295(always)-295(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(darkest)-277(days)-277(crowds)-277(of)-276(humble)-277(people,)-284(with)-277(honest,)-283(homely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideals,)-377(and)-352(virtuous)-352(family)-352(affection,)-378(proud)-352(of)-352(their)-351(industries,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-250(sustaining)-250(one)-250(another)-250(by)-250(help)-250(and)-250(kindness.)]TJ 11.956 -14.865 Td [(In)-498(this)-499(sounder)-498(class)-499(of)-498(Roman)-499(society,)-560(it)-499(will)-498(be)-498(found)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(that)-508(the)-508(saving)-508(or)-508(renovating)-508(power)-508(was,)-572(not)-508(so)-508(much)-508(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-385(or)-384(philosophic)-385(impulse,)-418(as)-385(the)-385(wholesome)-384(influence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-283(never)-283(fails)-283(from)-282(age)-283(to)-283(age,)-291(of)-283(family)-283(duty)-283(and)-282(affection,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reinforced,)-452(especially)-411(in)-412(the)-411(higher)-412(ranks,)-452(by)-411(a)-412(long)-411(tradition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-299(Roman)-298(dignity)-299(and)-299(self-respect,)-311(and)-298(by)-299(the)-299(simple)-298(cleanness)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-336(the)-336(pieties)-336(of)-336(country)-336(life.)-508(The)-336(life)-336(of)-336(the)-336(blameless)-336(circle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-377(aristocrats)-378(which)-377(Pliny)-378(determined)-377(to)-377(preserve)-378(for)-377(the)-377(eyes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-405(posterity,)-444(seems)-405(to)-405(be)-405(sometimes)-405(regarded)-405(as)-405(the)-405(result)-405(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-416(sudden)-416(transformation,)-457(a)-416(rebound)-416(from)-416(the)-416(frantic)-416(excesses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-344(the)-344(time)-344(of)-344(the)-344(Claudian)-344(Caesars)-344(to)-344(the)-344(simpler)-344(and)-344(severer)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.086 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 92.274 Td [(823)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(16;)-250(iii.)-250(5;)-250(iv.)-250(19;)-250(vi.)-250(4;)-250(vii.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(824)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Agric.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.407 0 Td [(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.037 -7.394 Td [(825)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(14.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 897 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 898 0 R /Resources 896 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 895 0 R >> endobj 899 0 obj << /D [897 0 R /XYZ 337.202 342.036 null] >> endobj 896 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 902 0 obj << /Length 5375 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(177)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(mode)-318(of)-318(life)-317(of)-318(which)-318(Vespasian)-318(set)-318(a)-317(powerful)-318(example.)-453(That)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-359(was)-360(such)-359(a)-360(change)-359(of)-359(moral)-360(tone,)-386(especially)-360(in)-359(the)-359(class)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surrounding)-454(the)-454(court,)-505(partly)-454(caused)-454(by)-454(financial)-453(exhaustion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(partly)-345(by)-345(the)-345(introduction)-345(of)-345(new)-345(men)-345(from)-345(the)-345(provinces)-344(into)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-411(ranks)-410(of)-411(the)-410(Senate,)-451(is)-410(certified)-411(by)-410(the)-411(supreme)-410(authority)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-296(Tacitus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.158 3.959 Td [(826)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.68 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-296(we)-296(should)-295(remember)-296(that)-296(men)-296(like)-296(Agricola,)]TJ -63.838 -13.549 Td [(the)-268(father-in-law)-268(of)-267(Tacitus,)-273(or)-267(Verginius)-268(Rufus,)-272(or)-268(Fabatus,)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grandfather)-207(of)-208(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.931 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-207(wife,)-216(or)-208(the)-207(elder)-207(Pliny,)-216(and)-207(many)-208(another,)]TJ -90.564 -13.549 Td [(were)-312(not)-313(converted)-312(prodigals.)-438(They)-312(knew)-313(how)-312(to)-312(reconcile,)-328(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(quietude)-317(or)-316(politic)-317(deference,)-333(the)-317(dignity)-317(of)-316(Roman)-317(virtue)-316(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-306(discreet)-307(acquiescence)-306(even)-307(in)-306(the)-306(excesses)-307(of)-306(despotism.)-419(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortunes)-331(of)-332(many)-331(of)-332(them)-331(remained)-331(unimpaired.)-495(The)-331(daily)-331(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(men)-325(like)-324(the)-324(elder)-325(Pliny)-324(and)-324(Spurinna,)-343(is)-325(distinguished)-324(by)-324(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtuous)-376(calm,)-408(an)-376(almost)-376(painful)-376(monotony)-376(of)-376(habit,)-407(in)-376(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(there)-346(seems)-346(to)-346(have)-346(been)-346(nothing)-346(to)-346(reform)-346(except,)-370(perhaps,)-370(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-384(moral)-384(rigidity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.365 3.959 Td [(827)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.561 -3.959 Td [(Above)-384(all,)-417(and)-384(surely)-384(it)-384(is)-384(the)-384(most)]TJ -117.926 -13.549 Td [(certain)-285(proof)-286(and)-285(source)-285(of)-286(the)-285(moral)-285(soundness)-286(of)-285(any)-285(age,)-294(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideal)-403(of)-404(womanhood)-403(was)-404(still)-403(high,)-442(and)-404(it)-403(was)-404(even)-403(then)-403(not)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([145])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(seldom)-337(realised.)-509(There)-337(may)-336(have)-336(been)-337(many)-336(who)-337(justified)-336(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(complaint)-315(of)-315(moralists)-315(that)-315(mothers)-315(did)-315(not)-315(guard)-315(with)-315(vigilant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(care)-466(the)-466(purity)-466(of)-466(their)-466(children.)-898(But)-466(there)-466(were)-466(women)-465(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(circle)-307(of)-306(Tacitus)-306(and)-306(Pliny)-306(as)-307(spotless)-306(as)-306(the)-306(half-legendary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucretia,)-299(as)-289(they)-289(were)-289(far)-289(more)-289(accomplished,)-299(and)-289(probably)-289(far)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-213(charming.)-238(It)-213(is)-213(often)-213(said)-213(that)-213(women)-213(sink)-213(or)-212(rise)-213(according)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-221(the)-222(level)-221(of)-221(the)-222(men)-221(with)-221(whom)-221(they)-222(are)-221(linked.)-241(If)-221(that)-221(be)-221(true,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-264(must)-265(have)-264(been)-265(many)-264(good)-264(men)-265(in)-264(the)-264(days)-265(of)-264(the)-264(Flavian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dynasty.)]TJ 11.956 -17.783 Td [(The)-414(younger)-415(Pliny,)-455(whose)-414(name,)-456(before)-414(his)-414(adoption,)-455(was)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.916 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 126.104 Td [(826)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.963 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.608 0 Td [(iii.)-478(55,)-344(sed)-326(praecipuus)-326(adstricti)-326(moris)-326(auctor)-326(Vespasianus)-325(erat;)]TJ -51.527 -10.959 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.587 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.635 0 Td [(ix.;)-370(cf.)-492(Schiller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.922 0 Td [(Gesch.)-491(R\366m.)-491(Kaiserz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 84.736 0 Td [(ii.)-491(506;)-371(Duruy,)-350(iv.)-491(646;)]TJ -191.88 -12.157 Td [(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.393 0 Td [(Les.)-250(\311v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.88 0 Td [(140,)-250(381;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.116 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Ant\351chr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.87 0 Td [(494.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -134.981 -7.31 Td [(827)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Pliny)-328(is)-327(pleased)-328(with)-327(the)-328(virtuous)-328(monotony,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 167.443 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.141 0 Td [(iii.)-483(i.)-483(\247)-327(2,)-347(me)-328(autem)-327(ut)]TJ -194.54 -10.959 Td [(certus)-307(siderum)-306(cursus)-307(ita)-306(vita)-307(hominum)-306(disposita)-307(delectat,)-321(senum)-306(praesertim;)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(cf.)-250(iii.)-250(5.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 901 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 902 0 R /Resources 900 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 895 0 R >> endobj 903 0 obj << /D [901 0 R /XYZ 85.869 287.839 null] >> endobj 900 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 906 0 obj << /Length 6781 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(178)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Publius)-473(Caecilius)-472(Secundus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.194 3.959 Td [(828)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.215 -3.959 Td [(was)-473(descended)-472(from)-473(families)]TJ -146.409 -13.549 Td [(which)-495(had)-496(been)-495(settled)-496(at)-495(Como)-495(since)-496(the)-495(time)-496(of)-495(the)-495(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Caesar.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.411 3.959 Td [(829)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.141 -3.959 Td [(They)-239(belonged)-239(to)-239(the)-239(local)-239(aristocracy,)-241(and)-240(possessed)]TJ -47.552 -13.549 Td [(estates)-490(and)-490(villas)-490(around)-490(the)-490(lake.)-970(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 193.356 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-490(father,)-550(who)-490(had)]TJ -196.989 -13.55 Td [(held)-489(high)-488(municipal)-489(office,)-548(died)-489(early,)-548(but)-489(the)-488(boy)-489(had)-488(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-477(advantage)-476(of)-476(the)-477(guardianship)-476(of)-477(Verginius)-476(Rufus,)-533(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whose)-265(character)-265(and)-265(achievements)-265(his)-265(ward)-265(felt)-265(the)-265(profoundest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reverence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.12 3.959 Td [(830)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.479 -3.959 Td [(That)-412(great)-412(soldier)-412(had)-412(been)-411(governor)-412(of)-412(Upper)]TJ -65.599 -13.549 Td [(Germany)-321(at)-321(the)-321(close)-321(of)-321(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 132.617 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-321(reign,)-339(and,)-338(with)-321(a)-321(deference)-321(to)]TJ -136.25 -13.55 Td [(old)-407(constitutional)-408(principles,)-447(which)-407(Pliny)-408(must)-407(have)-407(admired,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-277(twice,)-284(at)-278(the)-277(peril)-277(of)-278(his)-277(life,)-284(refused)-278(to)-277(receive)-277(the)-277(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(place)-324(at)-325(the)-324(hands)-324(of)-324(his)-324(clamorous)-325(legions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.946 3.959 Td [(831)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.61 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-324(was)-324(born)]TJ -213.556 -13.549 Td [(in)-379(61)-378(or)-379(62)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 55.909 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.979 0 Td [(,)-411(the)-378(time)-379(which)-378(saw)-379(the)-378(death)-379(of)-378(Burrus,)-411(the)]TJ -71.888 -13.549 Td [(retirement)-286(of)-286(Seneca)-286(from)-287(public)-286(life,)-295(and)-286(the)-286(marriage)-286(of)-286(Nero)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-339(Poppaea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.785 3.959 Td [(832)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.103 -3.959 Td [(His)-339(infancy)-340(therefore)-339(coincided)-339(with)-339(the)-340(last)]TJ -80.888 -13.549 Td [(and)-204(wildest)-204(excesses)-205(of)-204(the)-204(Neronian)-204(tyranny.)-235(But)-204(country)-204(places)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-245(Como)-246(felt)-245(but)-246(little)-245(of)-245(the)-246(shock)-245(of)-246(these)-245(moral)-245(earthquakes.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-344(was)-344(no)-343(school)-344(in)-344(Como)-344(till)-343(one)-344(was)-344(founded)-344(by)-343(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(own)-268(generosity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.888 3.958 Td [(833)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.781 -3.958 Td [(But)-268(the)-269(boy)-268(had)-268(probably,)-273(in)-269(his)-268(early)-268(years,)]TJ -85.669 -13.55 Td [(the)-381(care)-381(of)-381(his)-381(uncle,)-413(the)-381(author)-381(of)-381(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 181.046 0 Td [(Natural)-381(History)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 70.832 0 Td [(,)-414(who,)]TJ -251.878 -13.549 Td [(during)-193(the)-193(worst)-193(years)-193(of)-193(the)-193(Terror,)-204(was)-193(living,)-205(like)-192(many)-193(others,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-318(studious)-319(retirement)-318(on)-319(his)-318(estates.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.515 3.959 Td [(834)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.421 -3.959 Td [(The)-318(uncle)-319(and)-318(nephew)]TJ -179.936 -13.549 Td [(were)-308(men)-308(of)-307(very)-308(different)-308(temperament,)-322(but)-308(there)-308(can)-308(be)-307(little)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([146])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(doubt)-295(that)-295(the)-295(character)-296(and)-295(habits)-295(of)-295(the)-295(older)-295(man)-295(profoundly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influenced)-230(the)-230(ideals)-230(of)-230(the)-230(younger.)-243(The)-230(elder)-230(Pliny)-230(would)-229(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-283(an)-283(extraordinary)-282(character)-283(even)-283(in)-283(a)-283(puritan)-282(age;)-300(he)-282(seems)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.399 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 158.587 Td [(828)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(\050Morel\051,)-250(p.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.514 -7.311 Td [(829)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(The)-310(Caecilii)-311(were)-310(probably)-310(established)-311(at)-310(Como)-310(from)-311(59)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 210.817 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(;)-341(cf.)-431(Catull.)]TJ -237.847 -10.959 Td [(35;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.638 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iv.)-250(30,)-250(1;)-250(vii.)-250(32,)-250(1;)-250(vi.)-250(24,)-250(5;)-250(ix.)-250(7;)-250(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 159.924 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(p.)-250(33)-250(\050Morel\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -226.188 -7.311 Td [(830)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(ii.)-250(1;)-250(vi.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.31 Td [(831)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(8,)-250(52;)-250(ii.)-250(49.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.06 -7.311 Td [(832)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.936 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.442 0 Td [(vi.)-250(20,)-250(5.)-249(He)-250(was)-250(in)-249(his)-250(eighteenth)-250(year)-249(when)-250(the)-250(famous)-249(eruption)]TJ -45.333 -10.959 Td [(of)-250(Vesuvius)-250(took)-250(place)-250(79)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 95.878 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxvi.)-250(21)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -111.607 -7.31 Td [(833)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iv.)-250(13,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(834)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Rendall,)-250(xiii.)-250(in)-250(Mayor)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 81.944 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(ed.)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.614 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iii.;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.39 0 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(ii.)-250(85)-250(\050199\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 905 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 906 0 R /Resources 904 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 895 0 R >> endobj 907 0 obj << /D [905 0 R /XYZ 140.241 220.093 null] >> endobj 904 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 910 0 obj << /Length 6186 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(179)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(almost)-383(a)-383(miracle)-383(in)-383(the)-383(age)-383(of)-383(the)-383(Claudian)-383(Caesars.)-649(He)-383(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(born)-273(in)-273(23)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 48.331 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-279(in)-273(the)-273(reign)-273(of)-273(Tiberius;)-285(and)-273(his)-273(early)-273(youth)-273(and)]TJ -64.309 -13.549 Td [(manhood)-402(cover)-402(the)-402(reigns)-402(of)-402(Caligula)-402(and)-402(Claudius.)-706(He)-402(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-362(32)-361(when)-362(Nero)-362(came)-361(to)-362(the)-362(throne.)-585(He)-361(returned)-362(to)-361(Rome)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-290(71)-290(to)-290(hold)-289(a)-290(high)-290(place)-290(in)-290(the)-290(councils)-290(of)-289(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.149 3.959 Td [(835)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.485 -3.959 Td [(That)]TJ -260.634 -13.549 Td [(more)-369(than)-368(monastic)-369(asceticism,)-398(that)-369(jealous)-368(hoarding)-369(of)-368(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moment,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 38.488 3.959 Td [(836)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.28 -3.959 Td [(that)-477(complete)-478(indifference)-477(to)-477(ordinary)-478(pleasures,)]TJ -56.768 -13.549 Td [(in)-293(comparison)-292(with)-293(the)-292(duty,)-303(or)-293(the)-292(ambition,)-303(of)-293(transmitting)-292(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(future)-197(ages)-197(the)-197(accumulations)-197(of)-196(learned)-197(toil,)-208(is)-197(a)-197(curious)-196(contrast)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-355(the)-355(Gargantuan)-355(feasts)-355(or)-355(histrionic)-355(aestheticism)-355(which)-355(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-267(fashion)-267(in)-266(the)-267(circle)-267(of)-267(the)-267(Claudian)-266(Emperors.)-301(The)-266(younger)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)-299(has)-299(left)-299(us)-299(a)-299(minute)-299(account)-299(of)-299(his)-299(uncle)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 205.705 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-299(routine)-299(of)-299(life,)]TJ -209.338 -13.549 Td [(and)-411(justly)-412(adds)-411(that)-411(the)-412(most)-411(intense)-411(literary)-412(toil)-411(might)-411(seem)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mere)-367(idleness)-367(in)-367(comparison.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.08 3.958 Td [(837)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.006 -3.958 Td [(His)-367(studies)-367(often)-367(began)-367(soon)]TJ -150.086 -13.55 Td [(after)-281(midnight,)-288(broken)-280(by)-281(an)-280(official)-281(visit)-280(to)-280(the)-281(emperor)-280(before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dawn.)-319(After)-273(administrative)-273(work)-273(was)-273(over,)-279(the)-273(remainder)-272(of)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(day)-354(was)-354(spent)-354(in)-354(reading)-355(or)-354(writing.)-562(Even)-354(in)-354(the)-354(bath)-354(or)-354(on)-354(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(journey,)-393(this)-365(literary)-364(industry)-365(was)-365(never)-364(interrupted.)-594(A)-364(reader)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-428(amanuensis)-429(was)-428(always)-428(at)-429(hand)-428(to)-428(save)-429(the)-428(moments)-428(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(generally)-370(are)-370(allowed)-370(to)-370(slip)-371(away)-370(to)-370(waste.)-610(He)-370(tells)-370(Titus)-370(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-306(preface)-306(that)-306(he)-306(had)-306(consulted)-306(2000)-306(volumes)-306(for)-306(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 246.681 0 Td [(Natural)]TJ -246.681 -13.549 Td [(History)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.728 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(838)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.509 -3.959 Td [(The)-260(160)-260(volumes)-260(of)-260(closely)-260(written)-260(notes,)-263(which)-260(the)]TJ -50.964 -13.549 Td [(austere)-341(enthusiast)-341(could)-340(have)-341(sold)-341(once)-341(for)-340(\2433500,)-364(might)-340(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(challenged)-250(the)-250(industry)-250(of)-250(a)-250(Casaubon)-250(or)-250(a)-250(Mommsen.)]TJ 11.956 -13.55 Td [(The)-579(laborious)-579(intensity)-578(of)-579(the)-579(elder)-579(Pliny)-579(was)-578(probably)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(unrivalled)-495(in)-496(his)-495(day.)-986(But)-495(the)-496(moral)-495(tone,)-557(the)-495(severe)-495(self-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(restraint,)-302(the)-292(contempt)-292(for)-291(the)-292(sensual,)-302(or)-292(even)-292(the)-291(comfortable,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(side)-296(of)-295(life,)-307(the)-295(plain)-296(unspeculative)-295(stoicism,)-307(was)-296(a)-295(tone)-295(which,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 136.187 Td [(835)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.901 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.337 0 Td [(iii.)-246(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.07 0 Td [(Hist.)-246(Nat.)-246(Praef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 61.097 0 Td [(3;)-242(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.535 0 Td [(Vit.)-246(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.233 0 Td [(He)-238(was)-238(56)-238(at)-238(his)-238(death)-238(in)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf -191.129 -10.959 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.22 0 Td [(79;)-250(cf.)-250(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.06 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.837 0 Td [(i.)-250(119,)-250(420.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -109.867 -7.311 Td [(836)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.324 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.574 0 Td [(iii.)-293(5,)-268(\247)-265(13;)-271(Persius,)-268(who)-265(was)-264(eleven)-264(years)-265(younger)-264(than)-265(the)-264(elder)]TJ -45.854 -10.959 Td [(Pliny,)-279(shows)-273(a)-273(character)-273(of)-273(the)-273(same)-273(type,)-278(cf.)-319(Pers.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 187.253 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.148 0 Td [(ii.)-319(71-74;)-284(iii.)-319(66)-273(sqq.;)]TJ -203.401 -10.959 Td [(cf.)-250(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.829 0 Td [(Les)-250(Moralistes)-250(sous)-250(l)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 75.972 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Emp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(p.)-250(131)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -141.455 -7.31 Td [(837)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.087 -7.311 Td [(838)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Praef.)-250(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.827 0 Td [(\247)-250(17;)-250(cf.)-250(\247)-250(18,)-250(profecto)-250(enim)-250(vita)-250(vigilia)-250(est.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 909 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 910 0 R /Resources 908 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 895 0 R >> endobj 908 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 913 0 obj << /Length 5519 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(180)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(from)-428(many)-428(indications)-428(in)-429(the)-428(younger)-428(Pliny)-428(and)-428(in)-428(the)-428(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literature)-385(of)-384(the)-384(time,)-419(appears)-384(to)-385(have)-384(been)-385(not)-384(so)-384(rare)-385(as)-384(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([147])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(reader)-424(of)-424(Juvenal)-424(or)-425(Martial)-424(might)-424(suspect.)-772(A)-424(book)-424(like)-424(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Caesars)-335(of)-334(Suetonius,)-356(concentrating)-335(attention)-335(on)-334(the)-335(life)-335(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(emperor)-335(and)-334(his)-335(immediate)-334(circle,)-356(is)-335(apt)-334(to)-335(suggest)-334(misleading)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conclusions)-181(as)-180(to)-181(the)-180(condition)-181(of)-180(society)-181(at)-180(large.)-227(The)-181(old)-180(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character,)-319(perhaps)-305(the)-305(strongest)-305(and)-305(toughest)-305(national)-304(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-282(developed,)-290(was)-282(an)-282(enduring)-282(type,)-290(and)-282(its)-282(true)-282(home)-282(was)-282(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-170(atmosphere)-171(of)-170(quiet)-170(country)-170(places)-170(in)-171(northern)-170(or)-170(central)-170(Italy,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(where)-236(the)-235(round)-236(of)-235(rural)-236(labour)-236(and)-235(simple)-236(pleasures)-235(reproduced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-313(environment)-313(in)-313(which)-313(it)-312(first)-313(took)-313(form.)-439(We)-313(have)-312(glimpses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(many)-296(of)-295(these)-295(nurseries)-295(or)-295(retreats)-296(of)-295(old-fashioned)-295(virtue)-295(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-267(Letters.)-301(Brescia)-267(and)-267(Padua,)-271(in)-267(the)-267(valley)-266(of)-267(the)-267(Po,)-271(were)]TJ -26.673 -13.549 Td [(especially)-329(noted)-328(for)-329(frugality)-329(and)-328(severity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.1 3.958 Td [(839)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.753 -3.958 Td [(And)-329(it)-328(was)-329(from)]TJ -206.853 -13.55 Td [(among)-317(the)-317(youth)-317(of)-318(Brescia)-317(that)-317(Pliny)-317(suggested)-317(a)-317(husband)-317(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-364(daughter)-365(of)-364(the)-365(stoic)-364(champion,)-393(Arulenus)-364(Rusticus.)-593(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-185(have)-185(been)-185(many)-185(a)-185(home,)-198(like)-185(those)-185(of)-185(Spurinna,)-198(or)-184(Corellius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rufus,)-405(or)-374(Fabatus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.042 3.959 Td [(840)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.873 -3.959 Td [(or)-374(the)-374(poet)-374(Persius,)-405(where,)-405(far)-374(from)-375(the)]TJ -99.915 -13.549 Td [(weary)-210(conventionality)-211(of)-210(the)-210(capital,)-219(the)-210(rage)-210(for)-211(wealth,)-218(the)-210(rush)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-389(vulgar)-389(self-assertion,)-424(there)-389(reigned)-389(the)-389(tranquil)-389(and)-389(austere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideal)-445(of)-445(a)-445(life)-445(dedicated)-445(to)-445(higher)-445(ends)-445(than)-445(the)-445(lusts)-445(of)-444(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flesh,)-359(or)-338(the)-338(ghoul-like)-337(avarice)-338(that)-337(haunted)-338(death-beds.)-512(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-390(youths)-389(and)-390(maidens)-389(in)-389(the)-390(portrait-gallery)-389(of)-390(Pliny)-389(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(innocence)-356(was)-357(guarded)-356(by)-356(good)-357(women)-356(as)-356(pure)-357(and)-356(strong)-356(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-353(matrons)-352(who)-353(nursed)-353(the)-352(stern,)-379(unbending)-352(soldiers)-353(of)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Samnite)-250(and)-250(Punic)-250(wars.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 107.869 3.959 Td [(841)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -95.913 -19.966 Td [(The)-295(great)-295(struggle)-295(in)-294(which)-295(the)-295(legions)-295(of)-295(the)-295(East)-295(and)-294(West)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(met)-335(again,)-357(and)-335(yet)-336(again,)-357(in)-335(the)-335(valley)-336(of)-335(the)-335(Po,)-357(probably)-335(did)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-429(much)-428(disturb)-429(the)-428(quiet)-429(homes)-428(on)-429(lake)-428(Como.)-786(The)-428(close)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-455(that)-455(awful)-456(conflict)-455(gave)-455(the)-455(world)-456(ten)-455(years)-455(of)-455(quiet)-455(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.149 Td [(839)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(14;)-250(cf.)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.051 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(iv.;)-250(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(165.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -113.071 -7.31 Td [(840)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(i;)-250(ii.)-250(7;)-250(i.)-250(12;)-250(v.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(841)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-340(Pliny)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 33.191 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-280(letter)-280(to)-280(Calpurnia)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 71.782 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-280(aunt,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.257 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.713 0 Td [(iv.)-340(19,)-287(quae)-280(nihil)-280(in)-280(contubernio)]TJ -163.871 -10.959 Td [(tuo)-250(viderit)-250(nisi)-250(sanctum)-250(honestumque;)-250(cf.)-250(viii.)-250(5;)-250(v.)-250(16.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 912 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 913 0 R /Resources 911 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 895 0 R >> endobj 914 0 obj << /D [912 0 R /XYZ 93.543 504.626 null] >> endobj 911 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 917 0 obj << /Length 5480 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(181)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(reformation,)-331(which)-315(were)-315(a)-315(genial)-315(atmosphere)-315(for)-315(the)-315(formation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-327(many)-327(characters)-327(like)-327(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.213 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s.)-481(The)-327(reign)-327(of)-327(the)-327(Flavians)-327(was)]TJ -134.845 -13.549 Td [(ushered)-319(in)-318(by)-319(the)-318(mystery)-319(and)-318(glamour)-318(of)-319(Eastern)-318(superstition,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-268(oracles)-268(on)-268(Mount)-268(Carmel)-268(and)-268(miracles)-268(at)-268(Alexandria.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.097 3.958 Td [(842)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.77 -3.958 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.55 Td [(the)-437(plain)-438(Sabine)-437(soldier,)-485(who)-437(was)-438(the)-437(saviour)-438(of)-437(the)-437(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(State,)-482(brought)-436(to)-435(his)-436(momentous)-436(task)-435(a)-436(clear)-435(unsophisticated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-389(sense,)-423(with)-389(no)-389(trace)-389(of)-389(that)-389(crapulous)-389(excitement)-388(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([148])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(had)-234(alternated)-234(between)-234(the)-235(heroics)-234(of)-234(spurious)-234(art)-234(and)-234(the)-234(lowest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bohemianism.)-348(Vespasian,)-290(although)-283(he)-283(was)-282(not)-283(a)-282(figure)-283(to)-282(strike)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-224(imagination,)-229(was)-223(yet,)-229(if)-224(we)-223(think)-224(of)-224(the)-223(abyss)-224(from)-224(which,)-228(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-293(single)-292(strength,)-304(he)-292(rescued)-293(the)-293(Rome)-293(world,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.322 3.959 Td [(843)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.763 -3.959 Td [(undoubtedly)]TJ -226.085 -13.549 Td [(one)-359(of)-360(the)-359(greatest)-360(of)-359(the)-360(emperors.)-578(And)-359(his)-360(biographer,)-386(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-373(unusual)-372(tact,)-403(suggests)-373(what)-373(was)-372(probably)-373(one)-372(secret)-373(of)-372(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strength.)-294(Vespasian)-264(regularly)-265(visited)-264(the)-265(old)-264(farmhouse)-265(at)-264(Reate)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-165(was)-165(the)-165(cradle)-166(of)-165(his)-165(race.)-222(Nothing)-165(in)-165(the)-165(old)-165(place)-165(was)-165(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(changed.)-334(And,)-285(on)-278(holidays)-278(and)-278(anniversaries)-278(the)-278(emperor)-277(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(failed)-267(to)-267(drink)-267(from)-268(the)-267(old)-267(silver)-267(goblet)-267(which)-267(his)-267(grandmother)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-338(used.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.168 3.959 Td [(844)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.073 -3.959 Td [(The)-338(strength)-339(and)-338(virtue)-338(of)-339(the)-338(Latin)-339(race)-338(lay,)-360(not)]TJ -60.241 -13.549 Td [(in)-285(religion)-286(or)-285(philosophy,)-295(but)-285(in)-286(the)-285(family)-286(pieties)-285(and)-285(devotion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-357(the)-357(State.)-572(Vespasian)-357(found)-357(it)-358(urgent)-357(to)-357(bring)-357(order)-357(into)-357(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(national)-291(finances,)-302(which)-292(had)-291(been)-291(reduced)-292(to)-291(chaos)-292(by)-291(the)-291(wild)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extravagance)-183(of)-184(his)-183(predecessors,)-197(and)-183(to)-183(recruit)-184(the)-183(Senate,)-196(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-229(been)-229(more)-229(than)-229(decimated)-229(by)-229(proscription,)-233(confiscation,)-233(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vicious)-291(self-abandonment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.581 3.959 Td [(845)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.518 -3.959 Td [(In)-291(performing)-291(his)-291(task,)-301(he)-291(did)-290(not)]TJ -132.099 -13.549 Td [(shrink)-251(from)-251(the)-250(charge)-251(of)-251(cheese-paring,)-251(just)-250(as)-251(he)-251(did)-251(not)-250(dread)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-292(unpopularity)-292(of)-292(fresh)-292(taxation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.596 3.959 Td [(846)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.552 -3.959 Td [(But)-292(he)-292(could)-292(be)-292(liberal)-292(as)]TJ -167.148 -13.549 Td [(well)-283(as)-284(parsimonious.)-350(He)-283(restored)-284(many)-283(of)-284(the)-283(ancient)-283(temples,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 136.431 Td [(842)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(ii.)-250(78;)-250(iv.)-250(81.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.06 -7.311 Td [(843)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(746,)-250(2364.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -39.6 -7.31 Td [(844)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.037 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.785 0 Td [(ii.)-541(locum)-347(incunabulorum)-348(assidue)-347(frequentavit,)-371(manente)-347(villa)]TJ -57.778 -10.959 Td [(qualis)-250(fuerat)-250(olim,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.394 Td [(845)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(viii.)-250(ix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(846)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(D.)-289(Cass.)-368(lxvi.)-367(8,)-299(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.152 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.265 0 Td [(xvi.,)-299(cf.)-367(Meriv.)-368(vii.)-367(274;)-309(cf.)-367(Schiller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 137.609 0 Td [(Gesch.)]TJ -255.981 -10.959 Td [(r\366m.)-250(Kaiserzeit)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.295 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(515.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 916 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 917 0 R /Resources 915 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 919 0 R >> endobj 918 0 obj << /D [916 0 R /XYZ 201.972 436.88 null] >> endobj 915 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 922 0 obj << /Length 5954 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(182)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(even)-384(in)-385(country)-384(places.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.976 3.959 Td [(847)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.575 -3.959 Td [(He)-384(made)-384(grants)-385(to)-384(senators)-384(whose)]TJ -124.551 -13.549 Td [(fortunes)-203(had)-203(decayed)-203(or)-203(had)-203(been)-203(wasted.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.989 3.959 Td [(848)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.01 -3.959 Td [(He)-203(spent)-203(great)-203(sums)]TJ -193.999 -13.549 Td [(on)-273(colossal)-273(buildings)-272(and)-273(on)-273(amusements)-273(for)-273(the)-272(people.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.939 3.959 Td [(849)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.927 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.866 -13.549 Td [(the)-295(most)-295(singular)-295(and)-294(interesting)-295(trait)-295(in)-295(this)-295(remarkable)-295(man)-294(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that,)-244(with)-243(no)-243(pretensions)-242(to)-243(literary)-243(or)-242(artistic)-243(culture,)-244(he)-243(was)-242(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-367(Caesar)-368(who)-367(gave)-368(a)-367(fixed)-368(endowment)-367(to)-368(professors)-367(of)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(liberal)-271(arts,)-276(and)-271(that)-271(he)-271(was)-271(the)-271(founder)-271(of)-271(that)-271(public)-271(system)-270(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(education)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.415 3.959 Td [(850)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.437 -3.959 Td [(which,)-279(for)-274(good)-273(or)-274(evil,)-279(produced)-274(profound)-273(effects)]TJ -57.852 -13.549 Td [(on)-223(Roman)-223(character)-223(and)-223(intellect)-223(down)-223(to)-223(the)-223(end)-223(of)-222(the)-223(Western)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Empire.)-458(His)-319(motive)-319(was)-319(not,)-337(as)-319(some)-319(have)-320(suggested,)-336(to)-319(bring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literature)-473(into)-472(thraldom)-473(to)-473(the)-472(State.)-918(He)-473(was)-473(really)-472(making)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-332(the)-332(organ)-332(of)-332(a)-332(great)-332(intellectual)-332(movement.)-496(For,)-352(while)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([149])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(vast)-300(field)-301(of)-301(administration)-300(absorbed)-301(much)-301(of)-300(the)-301(energy)-300(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(cultivated)-250(class,)-251(the)-251(decay)-250(of)-251(free)-251(institutions)-250(had)-251(left)-251(a)-250(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(number)-255(with)-256(only)-255(a)-256(shadow)-255(of)-255(political)-256(interest,)-256(and)-256(the)-255(mass)-255(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unoccupied)-292(talent)-293(had)-292(to)-292(find)-293(some)-292(other)-292(scope)-293(for)-292(its)-292(energies.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-213(found)-213(it)-213(for)-213(ages,)-220(till)-213(the)-213(end)-213(of)-213(the)-213(Western)-213(Empire,)-220(in)-213(fugitive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-321(ephemeral)-322(composition,)-339(or)-322(in)-321(the)-322(more)-321(ephemeral)-321(displays)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-284(the)-284(rhetorical)-284(class-room.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 124.112 3.959 Td [(851)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.293 -3.959 Td [(Vespasian)-284(perhaps)-284(did)-284(a)-284(greater)]TJ -140.405 -13.549 Td [(service)-206(in)-206(renovating)-206(the)-207(upper)-206(class)-206(of)-206(Rome)-206(by)-206(the)-206(introduction)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-320(many)-319(new)-320(men)-320(from)-319(the)-320(provinces,)-337(to)-320(fill)-319(the)-320(yawning)-319(gaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-298(senatorial)-298(and)-298(equestrian)-297(ranks.)-394(Spain)-298(contributed)-298(more)-297(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-239(fair)-239(share)-240(to)-239(the)-239(literature)-239(and)-239(statesmanship)-240(of)-239(this)-239(period.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(852)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(And)-233(one)-232(of)-233(the)-233(best)-232(and)-233(most)-233(distinguished)-232(sons)-233(of)-233(that)-232(province)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-250(found)-250(a)-250(career)-250(at)-250(Rome,)-250(was)-250(the)-250(rhetor)-250(Quintilian.)]TJ 11.955 -15.437 Td [(The)-384(young)-384(Pliny,)-417(under)-384(his)-384(uncle)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.506 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-384(care,)-417(probably)-384(came)-384(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.489 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 158.677 Td [(847)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.493 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.937 0 Td [(lx.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.486 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.467 0 Td [(746,)-393(sacr.)-592(aedium)-364(restitutori,)-393(1460,)-392(1868,)-393(2364,)-392(D.)]TJ -89.339 -10.959 Td [(Cass.)-250(lxvi.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(848)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.046 -7.31 Td [(849)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.395 Td [(850)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.272 0 Td [(xviii.;)-303(continued)-286(by)-286(Hadrian,)-294(Spart.)-358(xvi.;)-303(by)-286(Ant.)-357(Pius,)-294(Capitol.)-357(xi.;)-304(by)]TJ -24.228 -10.958 Td [(Alex.)-278(Severus,)-262(Lamprid.)-278(xliv.;)-264(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 123.507 0 Td [(C.)-259(Th.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.582 0 Td [(xiii.)-278(3,)-262(1,)-261(2,)-262(3;)-264(Eum.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.921 0 Td [(Or.)-278(pro)-259(Scholis)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.379 0 Td [(,)]TJ -278.389 -10.959 Td [(c.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.395 Td [(851)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(v.)-250(Rom.)-250(Soc.)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Last)-250(Century)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Western)-250(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 200.73 0 Td [(\0501st)-250(ed.\051,)-250(p.)-250(355.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -212.437 -7.394 Td [(852)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mommsen,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.841 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.832 0 Td [(\050Tr.\051)-250(i.)-250(p.)-250(76.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 921 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 922 0 R /Resources 920 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 919 0 R >> endobj 923 0 obj << /D [921 0 R /XYZ 274.012 369.134 null] >> endobj 920 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 926 0 obj << /Length 6155 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(183)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Rome)-328(not)-329(long)-328(after)-329(Quintilian)-328(entered)-329(on)-328(his)-329(career)-328(of)-328(twenty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years,)-282(as)-276(a)-275(teacher)-276(of)-276(rhetoric.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.018 3.959 Td [(853)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.021 -3.959 Td [(While)-276(the)-275(elder)-276(Pliny)-276(was)-275(one)]TJ -148.039 -13.549 Td [(of)-190(Vespasian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.002 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-190(trusted)-191(advisers,)-202(and)-191(regularly)-190(visited)-191(the)-190(emperor)]TJ -59.634 -13.549 Td [(on)-359(official)-359(business)-358(before)-359(dawn,)-386(his)-359(nephew)-359(was)-359(forming)-358(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(taste)-187(and)-187(character)-187(under)-188(the)-187(greatest)-187(and)-187(best)-187(of)-187(Roman)-187(teachers.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Quintilian)-359(left)-358(a)-359(deep)-359(impression)-359(on)-358(the)-359(younger)-359(Pliny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.172 3.959 Td [(854)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.738 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(made)-190(him)-190(a)-191(Ciceronian,)-202(and)-190(he)-190(fortified)-190(his)-190(character.)-230(The)-190(master)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-377(one)-376(who)-376(believed)-377(that,)-408(in)-376(education,)-409(moral)-376(influence)-376(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(environment)-259(are)-258(even)-259(more)-259(important)-258(than)-259(intellectual)-258(stimulus.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-257(deplores)-257(the)-256(moral)-257(risks)-257(to)-257(which)-256(the)-257(careless,)-258(self-indulgent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(parent,)-267(or)-264(the)-264(corrupt)-264(tutor,)-268(may)-264(expose)-264(a)-264(boy)-264(in)-264(the)-264(years)-263(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-332(destiny)-332(of)-331(a)-332(life)-332(is)-332(decided)-332(for)-331(better)-332(or)-332(worse.)-495(Intellectual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambition)-286(is)-285(good.)-357(But)-286(no)-285(brilliancy)-286(of)-285(intellect)-286(will)-285(compensate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-272(the)-273(loss)-272(of)-272(the)-272(pure)-273(ingenuous)-272(peace)-272(of)-272(boyhood.)-317(This)-272(is)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(faith)-275(of)-276(Quintilian,)-282(and)-275(it)-275(was)-276(also)-275(the)-276(faith)-275(of)-275(his)-276(pupil.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.833 3.959 Td [(855)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.012 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(it)-366(may)-367(be)-366(that)-366(the)-366(teaching)-367(of)-366(Quintilian)-366(had)-367(a)-366(larger)-366(share)-366(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forming)-248(the)-248(moral)-248(ideals)-248(of)-248(the)-248(Antonine)-248(age)-248(in)-248(the)-248(higher)-248(ranks)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([150])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(than)-373(many)-374(more)-373(definitely)-374(philosophic)-373(guides,)-404(whose)-373(practice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(did)-250(not)-250(always)-250(conform)-250(to)-250(their)-250(doctrine.)]TJ 11.956 -15.539 Td [(Quintilian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.247 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-168(first)-169(principle)-168(is)-169(that)-168(the)-169(orator)-168(must)-168(be)-169(a)-168(good)-169(man)]TJ -59.835 -13.549 Td [(in)-267(the)-268(highest)-267(and)-267(widest)-268(sense,)-271(and,)-272(although)-267(he)-268(will)-267(not)-267(refuse)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-317(borrow)-316(from)-317(the)-316(philosophical)-317(schools,)-333(he)-316(yet)-317(boldly)-316(asserts)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-285(independence)-285(of)-285(the)-285(oratorical)-285(art)-285(in)-285(moulding)-285(the)-284(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-201(the)-201(man)-200(who,)-211(as)-201(statesman)-201(or)-200(advocate,)-211(will)-201(have)-201(constantly)-200(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appeal)-255(to)-255(moral)-255(principles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.511 3.959 Td [(856)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.346 -3.959 Td [(This)-255(tone,)-256(combined)-255(with)-255(his)-256(own)]TJ -131.857 -13.549 Td [(high)-381(example)-382(of)-381(seriousness,)-414(honour,)-414(and)-382(the)-381(purest)-381(domestic)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.252 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 158.355 Td [(853)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Pliny)-415(probably)-414(came)-415(to)-414(Rome)-415(about)-414(72)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 153.038 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.695 0 Td [(Rendall,)-456(xiv.;)-497(in)-414(Mayor)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 89.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(s)]TJ -277.141 -10.958 Td [(Pliny,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.42 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iii.;)-250(cf.)-250(Quintil.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.797 0 Td [(Prooem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.871 0 Td [(i.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.284 -7.395 Td [(854)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ii.)-250(14,)-250(10;)-250(vi.)-250(6,)-250(3;)-250(vi.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.394 Td [(855)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Quintil.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.158 0 Td [(Inst.)-280(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.731 0 Td [(i.)-280(2,)-262(6;)-265(cf.)-279(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.583 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.533 0 Td [(iii.)-280(3,)-262(4,)-262(cui)-260(in)-260(hoc)-260(lubrico)-260(aetatis)-259(non)]TJ -145.96 -10.959 Td [(praeceptor)-286(modo)-287(sed)-286(custos)-287(etiam)-286(rectorque)-286(quaerendus)-287(est;)-305(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 232.837 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.771 0 Td [(iv.)-359(13,)-296(4,)]TJ -247.608 -10.959 Td [(ubi)-312(enim)-311(pudicius)-312(contineantur)-312(quam)-311(sub)-312(oculis)-312(parentum;)-342(cf.)-435(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 250.081 0 Td [(Dial.)-435(de)]TJ -250.081 -10.959 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(28.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.195 -7.394 Td [(856)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Quintil.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.498 0 Td [(Inst.)-317(Prooem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.61 0 Td [(i.)-317(9-11;)-284(ii.)-318(2,)-278(15;)-283(xii.)-318(1,)-278(1;)-284(xii.)-317(7,)-278(7,)-278(non)-273(convenit)-272(ei,)]TJ -94.063 -10.959 Td [(quem)-250(oratorem)-250(esse)-250(volumus,)-250(injusta)-250(tueri)-250(scientem.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 925 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 926 0 R /Resources 924 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 919 0 R >> endobj 927 0 obj << /D [925 0 R /XYZ 273.194 301.388 null] >> endobj 924 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 930 0 obj << /Length 5844 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(184)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(attachment,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.597 3.959 Td [(857)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.41 -3.959 Td [(must)-267(have)-267(had)-267(a)-266(powerful)-267(effect)-267(on)-267(the)-267(flower)-267(of)]TJ -66.007 -13.549 Td [(the)-321(Roman)-321(youth,)-339(who)-321(were)-321(his)-321(pupils)-321(for)-321(nearly)-321(a)-321(generation.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-417(are)-418(none)-417(of)-417(his)-418(circle)-417(whose)-417(virtues)-418(Pliny)-417(extols)-417(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(highly)-262(than)-262(the)-262(men)-262(who)-262(had)-262(sat)-262(with)-262(him)-262(on)-262(the)-262(same)-261(benches,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-318(who)-317(accompanied)-318(or)-318(followed)-317(one)-318(another)-318(in)-317(the)-318(career)-317(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(public)-332(office.)-495(One)-332(of)-331(the)-332(dearest)-332(of)-331(these)-332(youthful)-332(friends)-331(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Voconius)-211(Romanus,)-219(who,)-219(besides)-211(being)-211(a)-211(learned)-211(pleader,)-219(with)-211(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(keen)-237(and)-236(subtle)-236(intellect,)-240(was)-236(gifted)-237(with)-236(a)-237(singular)-236(social)-236(charm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-355(sweetness)-356(of)-355(manner.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.538 3.958 Td [(858)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.627 -3.958 Td [(Another)-355(was)-356(Cornutus)-355(Tertullus,)]TJ -134.165 -13.55 Td [(who)-297(was)-296(bound)-297(to)-297(Pliny)-296(by)-297(closer)-296(ties)-297(of)-297(sympathy)-296(than)-297(any)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-241(friends,)-242(and)-240(for)-241(whose)-240(purity)-241(of)-240(character)-241(he)-240(had)-241(a)-240(boundless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(admiration.)-370(They)-290(were)-289(also)-290(united)-290(in)-290(the)-290(love)-290(and)-290(friendship)-289(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(best)-302(people)-301(of)-301(the)-302(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.967 3.959 Td [(859)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.86 -3.959 Td [(They)-301(were)-302(official)-301(colleagues)-301(in)]TJ -137.827 -13.549 Td [(the)-348(consulship,)-373(and)-348(in)-349(the)-348(prefecture)-348(of)-349(the)-348(treasury)-348(of)-348(Saturn.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(For)-204(another)-205(academic)-204(friend,)-214(Julius)-204(Naso,)-214(who)-204(had)-205(been)-204(his)-204(loyal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supporter)-425(in)-425(all)-424(his)-425(work)-425(and)-425(literary)-424(ambitions,)-469(he)-424(earnestly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(begs)-225(the)-225(aid)-226(of)-225(Fundanus,)-230(to)-225(secure)-225(him)-226(official)-225(advancement.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(860)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Calestrius)-427(Tiro,)-471(who)-426(rose)-427(to)-427(be)-427(proconsul)-426(of)-427(the)-427(province)-426(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Baetica,)-251(must)-250(be)-251(included)-250(in)-251(this)-250(select)-251(company.)-251(He)-251(had)-250(served)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-433(Pliny)-433(in)-433(the)-434(army)-433(of)-433(Syria,)-479(and)-433(had)-433(been)-433(his)-433(colleague)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-318(the)-317(quaestorship;)-352(they)-318(constantly)-318(visited)-317(one)-318(another)-318(at)-317(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(country)-290(seats.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.423 3.959 Td [(861)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.48 -3.959 Td [(Such)-290(men,)-299(linked)-290(to)-290(one)-290(another)-289(by)-290(memories)]TJ -76.903 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(boyhood)-365(and)-364(by)-364(the)-365(cares)-364(of)-364(the)-365(same)-364(official)-365(career,)-392(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-229(been)-228(a)-229(powerful)-228(and)-229(salutary)-228(element)-229(in)-228(social)-229(and)-228(political)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-250(at)-250(the)-250(opening)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Antonine)-250(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([151])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.712 -13.55 Td [(It)-459(is)-459(a)-459(curious)-459(thing)-459(that,)-511(while)-459(Pliny)-459(lived)-459(in)-459(the)-458(closest)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(friendship)-409(with)-408(the)-409(Stoic)-408(opposition)-409(of)-409(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 222.508 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-409(reign,)-448(and)]TJ -226.141 -13.549 Td [(has)-407(unbounded)-407(reverence)-407(for)-407(its)-407(canonised)-407(saints,)-446(as)-407(we)-407(may)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.411 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.515 Td [(857)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(Prooem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.87 0 Td [(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.988 -7.395 Td [(858)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.797 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.028 0 Td [(ii.)-234(13,)-213(hunc)-204(ego,)-212(cum)-204(simul)-203(studeremus,)-213(arte)-203(familiariterque)-204(dilexi,)]TJ -44.781 -10.959 Td [(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(859)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(v.)-250(14;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(91,)-250(92;)-250(cf.)-250(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 72.977 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(p.)-250(64.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -166.125 -7.31 Td [(860)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vi.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(861)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.727 0 Td [(vii.)-242(16,)-230(2;)-233(i.)-242(10,)-229(3;)-234(cf.)-241(Momms.)-242(p.)-242(52.)-241(Pliny)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 152.333 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-225(service)-225(with)-225(the)-225(iii.)-241(Gallica)]TJ -179.002 -10.959 Td [(was)-250(later)-250(than)-250(September,)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 94.874 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.219 0 Td [(81.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 929 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 930 0 R /Resources 928 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 919 0 R >> endobj 931 0 obj << /D [929 0 R /XYZ 93.543 190.616 null] >> endobj 928 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 934 0 obj << /Length 5593 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(185)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(call)-251(them,)-251(he)-250(shows)-251(few)-251(traces)-251(of)-250(any)-251(real)-251(interest)-251(in)-250(speculative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy.)-615(Indeed,)-402(in)-371(one)-372(passage)-371(he)-372(confesses)-371(that)-372(on)-371(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subjects)-315(he)-314(speaks)-315(as)-314(an)-315(amateur.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.938 3.959 Td [(862)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.292 -3.959 Td [(He)-315(probably)-314(thought,)-331(like)]TJ -166.23 -13.549 Td [(his)-389(friend)-388(Tacitus,)-424(that)-388(philosophy)-389(was)-388(a)-389(thing)-389(to)-388(be)-389(taken)-388(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moderation)-415(by)-415(the)-415(true)-415(Roman.)-744(It)-415(was)-415(when)-415(he)-415(was)-414(serving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-496(the)-495(staff)-496(in)-495(Asia)-496(that)-495(he)-495(formed)-496(a)-495(close)-496(friendship)-495(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Artemidorus,)-260(whom)-258(Musonius)-258(chose)-258(for)-258(his)-258(daughter)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 233.552 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-258(hand.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30.993 3.959 Td [(863)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Pliny)-376(has)-376(not)-376(a)-376(word)-376(to)-376(say)-375(of)-376(his)-376(opinions,)-408(but)-376(he)-376(extols)-375(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(simplicity)-204(and)-205(genuineness)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.185 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(qualities,)-214(he)-204(adds,)-214(which)-204(you)-205(rarely)]TJ -128.094 -13.55 Td [(find)-395(in)-396(the)-395(other)-395(philosophers)-395(of)-396(the)-395(day.)-685(It)-396(was)-395(at)-395(the)-395(same)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time)-290(that)-290(he)-289(formed)-290(a)-290(friendship)-290(with)-290(the)-289(Stoic)-290(Euphrates.)-369(That)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosopher,)-267(who)-263(is)-263(so)-263(studiously)-263(maligned)-264(by)-263(Philostratus,)-266(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-389(heroic)-389(figure)-389(in)-389(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 106.658 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-389(eyes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30.6 3.959 Td [(864)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.729 -3.959 Td [(But)-389(what)-389(Pliny)-389(admires)-389(in)]TJ -160.62 -13.549 Td [(him)-268(is)-268(not)-268(so)-268(much)-268(his)-268(philosophy,)-272(as)-268(his)-268(grave)-268(ornate)-268(style,)-272(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pure)-207(character,)-215(which)-207(showed)-207(none)-206(of)-207(that)-207(harsh)-207(and)-206(ostentatious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(severity)-285(which)-284(was)-285(then)-284(so)-285(common)-284(in)-285(his)-285(class.)-353(Euphrates)-285(is)-284(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(polished)-241(gentleman)-241(after)-241(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 133.327 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-241(own)-241(heart,)-242(tall)-241(and)-241(stately,)-243(with)]TJ -136.959 -13.549 Td [(flowing)-202(hair)-202(and)-202(beard,)-212(a)-202(man)-202(who)-202(excites)-202(reverence)-202(but)-202(not)-202(fear,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stern)-344(to)-344(vice,)-367(but)-344(gentle)-344(to)-344(the)-343(sinner.)-532(Pliny)-344(seems)-344(to)-344(have)-343(set)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-289(store)-289(by)-289(the)-289(formal)-288(preaching)-289(of)-289(philosophy.)-367(In)-289(a)-289(letter)-288(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-320(uses)-319(of)-320(sickness,)-337(he)-319(maintains)-320(that)-319(the)-320(moral)-319(lessons)-320(of)-319(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sick-bed)-250(are)-250(worth)-250(many)-250(formal)-250(disquisitions)-250(on)-250(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.4 3.959 Td [(865)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -230.444 -25.668 Td [(Yet)-606(this)-606(man,)-694(apparently)-606(without)-606(the)-606(slightest)-606(taste)-605(for)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-511(inquiry,)-575(or)-511(even)-510(for)-511(the)-511(homilies)-510(which,)-576(in)-510(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(day,)-476(had)-431(taken)-430(the)-431(place)-431(of)-430(real)-431(speculation,)-476(had)-431(a)-430(profound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(veneration)-275(for)-274(the)-275(Stoic)-274(martyrs,)-281(and,)-280(true)-275(gentleman)-274(as)-275(he)-274(was,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-463(risked)-464(his)-463(life)-464(in)-463(the)-464(times)-463(of)-464(the)-463(last)-464(Terror)-463(to)-463(befriend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them.)-739(It)-413(needed)-413(both)-413(nerve)-413(and)-413(dexterity)-413(to)-413(be)-413(the)-413(friend)-412(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophers)-309(in)-309(those)-308(days.)-427(In)-309(that)-308(perilous)-309(year,)-324(93)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 234.767 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-323(when)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 103.394 Td [(862)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(10,)-250(4;)-250(cf.)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.017 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -122.037 -7.311 Td [(863)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(11,)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.087 -7.311 Td [(864)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(10;)-250(cf.)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.513 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(v.)-250(37,)-250(40;)-250(vi.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -134.5 -7.394 Td [(865)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vii.)-250(26,)-250(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 933 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 934 0 R /Resources 932 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 919 0 R >> endobj 932 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 937 0 obj << /Length 6546 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(186)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Pliny)-351(was)-352(praetor,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.293 3.959 Td [(866)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.564 -3.959 Td [(the)-351(philosophers)-352(were)-351(banished)-352(from)-351(the)]TJ -97.857 -13.549 Td [(city.)-274(Yet)-259(the)-258(praetor)-258(visited)-258(Artemidorus)-258(in)-258(his)-258(suburban)-258(retreat,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and,)-400(with)-371(his)-370(wonted)-371(generosity,)-400(he)-370(helped)-371(the)-370(philosopher)-370(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([152])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(wipe)-298(out)-297(a)-298(heavy)-297(debt)-298(which)-297(he)-298(had)-298(contracted.)-392(One)-298(of)-297(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.55 Td [(dearest)-416(friends)-416(was)-416(Junius)-416(Mauricus,)-457(the)-416(brother)-416(of)-415(Arulenus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rusticus,)-331(who)-314(had)-315(been)-314(put)-315(to)-315(death)-314(by)-315(Domitian)-314(for)-315(writing)-314(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eulogy)-362(on)-361(Thrasea)-362(the)-362(Stoic)-361(saint,)-390(the)-361(champion)-362(of)-362(the)-361(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-205(in)-206(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.318 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-205(reign.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.629 3.959 Td [(867)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.019 -3.959 Td [(Junius)-205(Mauricus)-206(afterwards)-205(suffered)-206(exile)]TJ -99.599 -13.549 Td [(himself)-251(in)-250(the)-251(same)-251(cause.)-252(He)-250(had)-251(charged)-251(himself)-250(with)-251(the)-250(care)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-280(his)-281(martyred)-280(brother)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 101.879 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-280(children,)-288(and)-280(Pliny)-281(helped)-280(him)-280(to)-281(find)]TJ -105.511 -13.549 Td [(a)-303(worthy)-304(husband)-303(for)-303(the)-303(daughter)-304(of)-303(Rusticus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.885 3.959 Td [(868)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.924 -3.959 Td [(With)-303(Fannia)]TJ -225.809 -13.549 Td [(the)-388(widow)-388(of)-388(Helvidius,)-423(and)-388(the)-388(daughter)-388(of)-388(Thrasea,)-422(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(intimacy)-349(seems)-348(to)-349(have)-349(been)-349(of)-348(the)-349(closest)-349(kind.)-546(From)-349(her)-348(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heard)-277(the)-278(tales,)-284(now)-277(too)-277(well)-278(worn,)-284(of)-277(the)-278(fierce)-277(firmness)-277(of)-277(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(elder)-310(Arria)-310(in)-310(nerving)-310(her)-310(husband)-310(Paetus)-310(for)-310(death,)-325(and)-310(of)-310(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(own)-310(determined)-311(self-immolation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.061 3.959 Td [(869)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.155 -3.959 Td [(The)-310(mother)-311(of)-310(Fannia,)-325(the)]TJ -164.216 -13.549 Td [(younger)-396(Arria,)-432(when)-396(Thrasea)-396(her)-396(husband)-396(was)-396(condemned)-395(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(die)-364(in)-364(the)-365(reign)-364(of)-364(Nero,)-393(was)-364(only)-364(prevented)-364(from)-364(sharing)-364(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fate)-288(by)-287(the)-287(most)-288(earnest)-287(entreaties)-288(of)-287(her)-288(friends.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.639 3.958 Td [(870)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.408 -3.958 Td [(Fannia)-287(had)]TJ -232.047 -13.55 Td [(followed)-216(Helvidius)-215(into)-216(exile)-216(in)-215(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 161.447 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-216(reign,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.742 3.959 Td [(871)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.881 -3.959 Td [(and)-216(again)-215(under)]TJ -211.703 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian,)-176(when)-157(the)-157(philosopher,)-176(with)-157(a)-157(petulance)-157(very)-157(unlike)-157(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reserve)-236(of)-237(Thrasea,)-239(brought)-237(his)-236(fate)-237(upon)-236(himself)-237(by)-236(an)-236(insulting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disregard)-215(of)-214(the)-215(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 106.382 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-215(dignity)-214(as)-215(first)-214(magistrate)-215(of)-214(the)-215(State,)]TJ -110.014 -13.549 Td [(if)-450(not)-451(by)-450(revolutionary)-450(tendencies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.718 3.958 Td [(872)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.735 -3.958 Td [(Fannia)-450(seems)-451(to)-450(have)]TJ -180.453 -13.55 Td [(inherited)-340(many)-341(of)-340(the)-340(great)-340(qualities)-341(of)-340(her)-340(father)-341(Thrasea,)-362(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noblest)-194(and)-194(the)-194(wisest)-194(member)-194(of)-193(the)-194(Stoic)-194(opposition.)-232(He)-193(sprang)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.399 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 158.587 Td [(866)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.311 0 Td [(iii.)-370(11,)-300(2;)-311(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.199 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.273 0 Td [(x.;)-310(D.)-290(Cass.)-370(lxvii.)-371(10;)-310(cf.)-370(Momms.)-370(p.)-371(59,)-300(where)]TJ -104.739 -10.959 Td [(the)-250(date)-250(of)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 59.026 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(praetorship)-250(is)-250(fixed.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.763 -7.311 Td [(867)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(x.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.046 -7.311 Td [(868)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(14;)-250(cf.)-250(iii.)-250(11,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.31 Td [(869)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(16;)-250(cf.)-250(vii.)-250(19;)-250(ix.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(870)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(34.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.31 Td [(871)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.258 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.551 0 Td [(vii.)-286(19,)-265(4;)-267(for)-262(the)-262(character)-262(of)-262(Helvidius)-262(Priscus,)-265(cf.)-285(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 206.112 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.537 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ -271.413 -10.959 Td [(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(872)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xv.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxvi.)-250(12;)-250(cf.)-250(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 114.814 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.837 0 Td [(ii.)-250(98.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 936 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 937 0 R /Resources 935 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 919 0 R >> endobj 938 0 obj << /D [936 0 R /XYZ 332.562 491.077 null] >> endobj 935 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 941 0 obj << /Length 5542 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(187)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(from)-317(a)-317(district)-317(in)-318(Lombardy)-317(which)-317(was)-317(noted)-317(for)-317(its)-317(soundness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-416(gravity)-416(of)-415(character.)-748(Unlike)-415(Paetus)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.915 3.959 Td [(873)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.989 -3.959 Td [(and)-416(Helvidius,)-457(he)]TJ -199.904 -13.549 Td [(never)-401(defied)-401(or)-401(intrigued)-401(against)-401(the)-401(emperor,)-439(even)-401(when)-401(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor)-369(was)-368(a)-369(Nero.)-605(And,)-399(though)-368(he)-369(belonged)-368(to)-369(the)-368(austere)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(circle)-277(of)-277(Persius,)-284(he)-277(did)-277(not)-277(disdain)-277(to)-277(sing)-277(in)-277(tragic)-277(costume,)-283(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-230(festival)-229(of)-230(immemorial)-229(antiquity,)-234(in)-230(his)-229(native)-230(Patavium.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.804 3.959 Td [(874)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.106 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(performed)-324(his)-323(duties)-324(as)-323(senator)-324(with)-324(firm)-323(dignity,)-342(and)-324(yet)-323(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cautious)-327(tact.)-481(His)-327(worst)-327(political)-327(crime,)-346(and)-327(that)-327(which)-327(proved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-203(ruin,)-212(was)-203(a)-203(severe)-203(reserve)-203(and)-203(a)-203(refusal)-203(to)-203(join)-203(in)-203(the)-202(shameful)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(adulation)-359(of)-359(the)-360(matricide)-359(prince.)-577(He)-360(would)-359(not)-359(stoop)-359(to)-359(vote)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-270(honours)-270(to)-269(the)-270(adulteress)-270(Poppaea,)-274(and)-270(for)-270(three)-270(years)-269(he)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([153])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(absented)-329(himself)-329(from)-329(the)-329(Senate-house.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.688 3.959 Td [(875)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.766 -3.959 Td [(Yet,)-349(when)-329(the)-329(end)]TJ -198.454 -13.549 Td [(came,)-254(he)-253(would)-253(not)-253(allow)-254(the)-253(fiery)-253(Arulenus)-253(Rusticus)-253(to)-253(imperil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-369(future,)-398(by)-369(interposing)-368(his)-369(veto)-369(as)-368(tribune.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 204.221 3.958 Td [(876)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.064 -3.958 Td [(His)-369(daughter)]TJ -223.285 -13.55 Td [(Fannia)-248(was)-247(worthy)-248(of)-247(her)-248(illustrious)-248(descent.)-249(She)-247(showed)-248(all)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fearless)-365(defiance)-365(of)-365(the)-365(elder)-365(Arria,)-394(when)-365(she)-365(boldly)-365(admitted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-315(she)-315(had)-315(asked)-314(Senecio)-315(to)-315(write)-315(her)-315(husband)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 214.71 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-315(life,)-331(and)-315(she)]TJ -218.342 -13.549 Td [(uttered)-327(no)-327(word)-327(to)-328(deprecate)-327(her)-327(doom.)-481(When)-327(all)-327(her)-327(property)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-341(confiscated,)-364(she)-341(carried)-341(the)-341(dangerous)-341(volume)-341(with)-340(her)-341(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(her)-253(place)-252(of)-253(exile.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.238 3.959 Td [(877)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.266 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-253(this)-252(stern)-253(heroine)-252(had)-253(also)-253(the)-252(tenderer)]TJ -93.504 -13.549 Td [(virtues.)-622(She)-374(nursed)-374(her)-374(kinswoman)-374(Junia,)-405(one)-374(of)-374(the)-373(Vestals,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-205(a)-204(dangerous)-205(fever,)-213(and)-205(caught)-205(the)-204(seeds)-205(of)-204(her)-205(own)-204(death)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-314(her)-314(charge.)-442(With)-314(all)-314(her)-314(masculine)-314(firmness)-314(and)-313(courage,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(she)-334(had)-334(a)-334(sweetness)-334(and)-334(charm)-334(which)-334(made)-334(her)-334(not)-334(less)-334(loved)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-197(venerated.)-233(With)-197(her)-197(may)-197(be)-197(said)-197(to)-197(have)-197(expired)-197(the)-197(peculiar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tradition)-283(of)-282(a)-283(circle)-282(which,)-291(for)-282(three)-283(generations,)-290(and)-283(during)-282(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reigns)-395(of)-396(eight)-395(emperors,)-431(guarded,)-432(sometimes)-395(with)-395(dangerous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(defiance,)-251(the)-251(old)-250(ideal)-251(of)-250(uncompromising)-251(virtue)-251(in)-250(the)-251(face)-251(of)-250(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brutal)-217(and)-218(vulgar)-217(materialism.)-239(It)-217(was)-218(the)-217(tradition)-217(which)-217(inspired)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.513 Td [(873)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(16,)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.087 -7.31 Td [(874)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(21;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxii.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.395 Td [(875)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(12;)-250(xvi.)-250(21,)-250(22;)-250(cf.)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(61.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.31 Td [(876)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.557 -7.311 Td [(877)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vii.)-250(19.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 940 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 941 0 R /Resources 939 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 943 0 R >> endobj 942 0 obj << /D [940 0 R /XYZ 142.782 382.683 null] >> endobj 939 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 946 0 obj << /Length 5793 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(188)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-416(austere)-416(detachment)-415(of)-416(the)-416(poetry)-416(of)-416(Persius,)-457(with)-416(its)-415(dim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solemnity)-208(and)-209(obscure)-208(depths,)-217(as)-208(of)-208(a)-209(sacred)-208(grove.)-236(These)-208(people)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-217(hard)-217(and)-217(stern)-217(to)-217(vicious)-217(power,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.734 3.959 Td [(878)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.892 -3.959 Td [(like)-217(our)-217(own)-217(Puritans)-217(of)]TJ -176.626 -13.549 Td [(the)-253(seventeenth)-253(century.)-260(Like)-253(them)-253(too,)-254(they)-253(were)-253(exclusive)-253(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(defiant,)-264(with)-262(the)-261(cold)-261(hauteur)-262(of)-261(a)-261(moral)-262(aristocracy,)-264(a)-261(company)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-398(the)-398(elect,)-435(who)-397(would)-398(not)-398(even)-398(parley)-398(with)-398(evil,)-435(for)-397(whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-389(issues)-390(of)-389(life)-390(and)-389(death)-390(were)-389(the)-390(only)-389(realities)-390(in)-389(a)-389(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hypnotised)-392(by)-392(the)-392(cult)-391(of)-392(the)-392(senses)-392(and)-392(the)-392(spell)-392(of)-391(tyranny.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Their)-263(intense)-262(seriousness)-263(was)-262(a)-263(religion,)-266(although)-262(they)-263(had)-262(only)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-318(vaguest)-319(and)-318(most)-318(arid)-318(conception)-318(of)-319(God,)-335(and)-318(the)-318(dimmest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-256(least)-256(comforting)-255(conception)-256(of)-256(any)-256(future)-255(life.)-268(They)-255(seemed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-267(perish)-268(as)-267(a)-267(little)-268(sect)-267(of)-267(troublesome)-268(visionaries;)-276(and)-267(yet)-267(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-228(lived)-227(on,)-232(softened)-228(and)-227(sweetened,)-232(and)-228(passed)-227(into)-228(the)-227(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rulers)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Antonine)-250(age.)]TJ 11.956 -13.55 Td [(Before)-297(his)-296(formal)-297(period)-297(of)-296(military)-297(service)-297(as)-296(tribune)-297(of)-296(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(3rd)-433(Gallic)-433(legion)-433(in)-433(Syria,)-478(Pliny)-433(had,)-479(in)-433(his)-433(nineteenth)-432(year,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entered)-353(on)-353(that)-353(forensic)-353(career)-353(which)-353(was)-353(perhaps)-353(the)-353(greatest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pride)-241(of)-241(his)-242(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.4 3.959 Td [(879)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.149 -3.959 Td [(He)-241(practised)-241(in)-242(the)-241(Centumviral)-241(court,)-243(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -157.304 0 Td [([154])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(was)-254(chiefly)-255(occupied)-254(with)-254(questions)-255(of)-254(property)-254(and)-254(succession.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Occasionally)-396(he)-396(speaks)-396(with)-396(a)-396(certain)-396(weariness)-396(of)-396(the)-395(trivial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-272(of)-272(the)-272(cases)-272(in)-273(which)-272(he)-272(was)-272(engaged.)-316(But)-272(his)-272(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(estimate)-323(is)-323(very)-324(different.)-469(The)-323(court)-324(is)-323(to)-323(him)-323(an)-323(arena)-323(worthy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-278(the)-277(greatest)-278(talent)-277(and)-278(industry,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.965 3.959 Td [(880)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.556 -3.959 Td [(and)-278(the)-277(successful)-278(pleader)]TJ -165.521 -13.549 Td [(may)-201(win)-202(a)-201(fame)-201(which)-202(may)-201(entitle)-201(him)-202(to)-201(take)-201(rank)-202(with)-201(the)-201(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(orators)-307(of)-307(the)-307(past.)-422(Pliny,)-321(inspired)-307(by)-307(memories)-307(of)-307(Quintilian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.55 Td [(lectures,)-326(has)-310(always)-311(floating)-310(before)-311(him)-310(the)-311(glory)-310(of)-311(Cicero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(881)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(He)-262(will)-262(prepare)-262(for)-262(publication)-262(a)-262(speech)-262(delivered)-262(in)-262(an)-262(obscure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case)-431(about)-430(a)-431(disputed)-431(will.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.323 3.959 Td [(882)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.093 -3.959 Td [(He)-431(is)-430(immensely)-431(proud)-431(of)-430(its)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.2 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.347 Td [(878)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.022 0 Td [(Les)-306(\311vangiles)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.563 0 Td [(,)-320(p.)-419(142,)-320(treats)-306(the)-306(philosophic)-307(opposition)-306(as)-306(a)-306(mere)]TJ -90.541 -10.959 Td [(aristocratic)-222(reaction;)-231(cf.)-241(pp.)-241(287,)-227(382.)-241(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 169.263 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.672 0 Td [(p.)-241(103;)-231(Schiller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.076 0 Td [(Gesch.)]TJ -255.982 -10.959 Td [(d.)-250(r\366m.)-250(Kaiserz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.779 0 Td [(pp.)-250(509,)-250(536.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.53 -7.31 Td [(879)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(v.)-250(8,)-250(8;)-250(Momms.)-250(p.)-250(52.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(880)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vi.)-250(1;)-250(iv.)-250(16;)-250(vi.)-250(23,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.31 Td [(881)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(20,)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(882)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(33,)-250(8-11.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 945 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 946 0 R /Resources 944 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 943 0 R >> endobj 947 0 obj << /D [945 0 R /XYZ 93.543 287.839 null] >> endobj 944 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 950 0 obj << /Length 5457 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(189)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(subtlety)-405(and)-405(point,)-443(and)-405(the)-405(sweep)-405(of)-405(its)-405(indignant)-405(or)-404(pathetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(declamation,)-295(and)-285(he)-286(is)-286(not)-285(unwilling)-286(to)-286(believe)-285(his)-286(legal)-285(friends)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-315(compared)-316(it)-315(with)-316(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 117.795 0 Td [(De)-315(Corona)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 49.498 0 Td [(!)-446(The)-316(suppression)-315(of)-315(free)]TJ -167.293 -13.549 Td [(political)-318(life,)-335(the)-317(absence)-318(of)-318(public)-318(interests,)-335(and)-318(the)-317(extinction)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-384(the)-385(trade)-384(of)-384(the)-385(delator,)-418(left)-384(young)-384(men)-385(wi)1(th)-385(a)-384(passion)-384(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinction)-192(few)-191(chances)-192(of)-191(gratifying)-192(it.)-231(The)-191(law)-192(courts)-191(at)-192(any)-191(rate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provided)-201(an)-202(audience,)-211(and)-201(the)-201(chance)-202(of)-201(momentary)-201(prominence.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-310(the)-310(Letters)-310(of)-309(Pliny,)-325(we)-310(can)-310(see)-310(the)-310(young)-310(advocate)-309(pushing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-248(way)-248(through)-248(the)-248(dense)-248(masses)-247(of)-248(the)-248(crowded)-248(court,)-248(arriving)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-250(his)-251(place)-250(with)-251(torn)-250(tunic,)-250(holding)-251(the)-250(attention)-251(of)-250(his)-250(audience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-324(seven)-323(long)-324(hours,)-342(and)-324(sitting)-324(down)-323(amid)-324(the)-324(applause)-323(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-301(the)-300(judges)-301(themsel)1(ves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 111.943 3.959 Td [(883)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.833 -3.959 Td [(Calpurnia)-301(often)-300(arranged)-300(relays)-301(of)]TJ -128.776 -13.549 Td [(messengers)-227(to)-228(bring)-227(her)-227(news)-228(of)-227(the)-228(success,)-231(from)-228(point)-227(to)-227(point,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-215(one)-215(of)-214(her)-215(husband)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.589 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-215(speeches.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.084 3.958 Td [(884)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.052 -3.958 Td [(Youths)-215(of)-214(the)-215(highest)-215(social)]TJ -160.358 -13.55 Td [(rank)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.386 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(a)-217(Salinator,)-224(or)-218(a)-217(Ummidius)-218(Quadratus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 163.734 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(threw)-217(themselves)]TJ -204.938 -13.549 Td [(eagerly)-543(into)-542(the)-543(drudgery)-542(which)-543(might)-542(make)-543(an)-542(ephemeral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(name.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.357 3.959 Td [(885)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.44 -3.959 Td [(Ambitious)-319(pretenders,)-336(with)-319(no)-319(talent)-319(or)-319(learning,)-337(and)]TJ -43.797 -13.549 Td [(arrayed)-257(perhaps)-257(in)-257(hired)-257(purple)-257(and)-257(jewels,)-259(like)-256(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 243.9 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-257(needy)]TJ -247.532 -13.549 Td [(lawyer,)-390(forced)-362(themselves)-362(on)-362(to)-362(the)-362(benches)-362(of)-362(the)-362(advocates,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-242(engaged)-242(a)-242(body)-241(of)-242(claqueurs)-242(whose)-242(applause)-242(was)-241(purchased)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-256(a)-256(few)-256(denarii.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 75.32 3.959 Td [(886)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.38 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-256(has)-256(such)-256(a)-256(pride)-256(in)-257(this)-256(profession,)-257(he)]TJ -90.7 -13.549 Td [(so)-350(idealises)-349(what)-350(must)-349(have)-349(been)-350(often)-349(rather)-350(humdrum)-349(work,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-294(he)-293(feels)-294(a)-293(personal)-294(pain)-294(at)-293(anything)-294(which)-293(seems)-294(to)-293(detract)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-421(the)-421(old-fashioned,)-463(leisurely)-421(dignity)-421(of)-420(the)-421(court.)-763(In)-420(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([155])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(day)-434(the)-434(judges)-434(seem)-434(to)-434(have)-434(been)-434(becoming)-434(more)-434(rapid)-434(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(business-like)-359(in)-358(their)-359(procedure,)-386(and)-359(less)-358(inclined)-359(to)-359(allow)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 26.942 0 Td [(clepsydrae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 49.959 0 Td [(which)-248(men)-247(of)-248(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.678 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-248(school)-247(demanded)-248(for)-247(the)]TJ -166.211 -13.549 Td [(gradual)-320(development)-321(of)-320(all)-320(their)-321(rhetorical)-320(artifices.)-461(He)-320(regrets)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.352 Td [(883)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(884)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.153 0 Td [(iv.)-652(19,)-417(3.)-652(disponit)-384(qui)-384(nuntient)-384(sibi)-383(quem)-384(assensum,)-418(quos)-384(clamores)]TJ -25.108 -10.959 Td [(excitarim,)-250(quem)-250(eventum)-250(judicii)-250(tulerim.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(885)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(886)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(14,)-250(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 949 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 950 0 R /Resources 948 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 943 0 R >> endobj 951 0 obj << /D [949 0 R /XYZ 90.491 206.544 null] >> endobj 948 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 954 0 obj << /Length 6046 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(190)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-315(good)-314(old)-314(times,)-331(when)-314(adjournments)-315(were)-314(freely)-315(granted,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(887)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(and)-232(days)-232(would)-232(be)-233(spent)-232(on)-232(a)-232(case)-232(which)-232(was)-232(now)-232(despatched)-232(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-179(many)-178(hours.)-226(It)-179(is)-179(for)-178(this)-179(reason)-178(that)-179(he)-179(cannot)-178(conceal)-179(a)-178(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(admiration)-342(for)-342(Regulus,)-366(in)-342(other)-342(respects,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 190.147 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-342(most)-342(detestable)]TJ -194.99 -13.55 Td [(of)-306(bipeds)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.911 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.183 0 Td [(but)-306(who)-306(redeemed)-306(his)-307(infamy)-306(by)-306(an)-306(enthusiasm)-306(and)]TJ -49.094 -13.549 Td [(energy)-250(as)-250(an)-250(advocate)-250(which)-250(rivalled)-250(even)-250(that)-250(of)-250(Pliny.)]TJ 11.956 -17.053 Td [(M.)-355(Aquilius)-355(Regulus,)-382(the)-355(prince)-355(of)-355(delators,)-381(and)-355(one)-355(of)-355(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(great)-260(glories)-261(of)-260(the)-260(Roman)-261(bar)-260(in)-260(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 188.95 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-260(reign,)-263(is)-261(a)-260(singular)]TJ -192.583 -13.549 Td [(figure.)-412(His)-305(career)-304(and)-304(character)-304(are)-304(a)-304(curious)-304(illustration)-304(of)-304(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(social)-302(history)-302(of)-302(the)-302(times.)-405(Regulus)-302(was)-302(the)-302(son)-302(of)-302(a)-302(man)-301(who,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-287(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.421 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-287(reign,)-295(had)-287(been)-286(driven)-287(into)-286(exile)-287(and)-287(ruined.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.254 3.959 Td [(888)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.377 -3.959 Td [(Bold,)]TJ -256.685 -13.549 Td [(able,)-326(recklessly)-312(eager)-311(for)-311(wealth)-311(and)-311(notoriety)-311(at)-312(any)-311(cost,)-326(as)-311(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mere)-251(youth)-251(he)-251(resolved)-250(to)-251(raise)-251(himself)-251(from)-251(obscure)-250(indigence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-368(soon)-367(became)-368(one)-367(of)-368(the)-367(most)-368(capable)-367(and)-368(dreaded)-367(agents)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-314(the)-313(tyranny.)-441(He)-313(gained)-313(an)-314(evil)-313(fame)-314(by)-313(the)-314(ruin)-313(of)-314(the)-313(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(houses)-434(of)-434(the)-435(Crassi)-434(and)-434(Orfiti.)-803(Lust)-434(of)-434(blood)-434(and)-434(greed)-434(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gain)-231(drove)-231(him)-231(on)-231(to)-231(the)-231(wholesale)-231(destruction)-231(of)-231(innocent)-231(boys,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noble)-260(matrons,)-261(and)-260(men)-259(of)-260(the)-259(most)-260(illustrious)-259(race.)-279(The)-259(cruelty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-330(Nero)-330(was)-330(not)-330(swift)-329(enough)-330(to)-330(satisfy)-330(him,)-350(and)-330(he)-330(called)-329(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-224(annihilation)-223(of)-224(the)-224(Senate)-223(at)-224(a)-224(stroke.)-241(He)-223(rose)-224(rapidly)-224(to)-223(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wealth,)-344(honours)-325(were)-325(showered)-324(upon)-325(him,)-344(and,)-344(after)-325(a)-324(prudent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(retirement)-319(in)-318(the)-319(reigns)-318(of)-319(Vespasian)-318(and)-319(Titus,)-335(he)-319(reached)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pinnacle)-296(of)-296(his)-296(depraved)-296(ambition)-296(under)-296(Vespasian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 226.607 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-296(cruel)-296(son.)]TJ -230.24 -13.549 Td [(He)-295(figures)-295(more)-295(than)-295(once)-296(in)-295(the)-295(poems)-295(of)-295(Martial,)-306(and)-295(always)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-234(the)-233(most)-234(favourable)-234(light.)-244(His)-234(talent)-234(and)-233(eloquence,)-237(according)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-260(the)-259(poet,)-262(were)-259(only)-260(equalled)-259(by)-260(his)-259(piety,)-262(and)-260(the)-259(special)-259(care)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-389(the)-390(gods)-389(had)-390(saved)-389(him)-389(from)-390(being)-389(buried)-390(under)-389(the)-389(ruins)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-312(a)-313(cloister)-312(which)-312(had)-313(suddenly)-312(fallen)-312(in.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 187.757 3.959 Td [(889)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.22 -3.959 Td [(He)-312(had)-313(estates)-312(at)]TJ -204.977 -13.549 Td [(Tusculum,)-403(in)-372(Umbria)-373(and)-372(Etruria.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.538 3.959 Td [(890)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.187 -3.959 Td [(The)-372(courts)-373(were)-372(packed)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -245.481 0 Td [([156])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.269 Td [(887)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2,)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(888)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(For)-305(the)-304(career)-305(and)-305(character)-304(of)-305(M.)-304(Aquilius)-305(Regulus,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 196.018 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.954 0 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.394 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.92 0 Td [(iv.)-414(42;)]TJ -256.242 -10.959 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(i.)-250(5;)-250(i.)-250(20,)-250(15;)-250(ii.)-250(11;)-250(ii.)-250(20;)-250(iv.)-250(2;)-250(vi.)-250(2;)-250(and)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 187.075 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(193.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -248.102 -7.31 Td [(889)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(i.)-250(13,)-250(83,)-250(112,)-250(Cum)-250(tibi)-250(sit)-250(sophiae)-250(par)-250(fama)-250(et)-250(cura)-250(deorum,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(890)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(vii.)-250(31.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 953 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 954 0 R /Resources 952 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 943 0 R >> endobj 955 0 obj << /D [953 0 R /XYZ 214.059 135.294 null] >> endobj 952 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 958 0 obj << /Length 6045 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(191)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(when)-189(he)-189(rose)-189(to)-190(plead.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95.198 3.959 Td [(891)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.96 -3.959 Td [(Unfortunately,)-201(the)-189(needy)-190(poet)-189(furnishes)]TJ -110.158 -13.549 Td [(a)-285(certain)-284(key)-284(to)-285(all)-284(this)-285(flattery,)-293(when)-285(he)-284(thanks)-284(Regulus)-285(for)-284(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presents,)-460(and)-418(then)-418(begs)-418(him)-418(to)-418(buy)-417(them)-418(back.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.909 3.959 Td [(892)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.676 -3.959 Td [(It)-418(is)-418(after)]TJ -237.585 -13.549 Td [(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.215 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-361(death)-362(that)-361(we)-362(meet)-361(Regulus)-362(in)-361(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 173.055 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-361(pages.)-585(The)]TJ -221.536 -13.55 Td [(times)-364(are)-364(changed,)-393(the)-364(delator)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.862 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-364(day)-364(is)-364(over,)-393(and)-364(Regulus)-364(is)-364(a)]TJ -139.495 -13.549 Td [(humbler)-231(man.)-244(But)-231(he)-232(is)-231(still)-231(rich,)-235(courted,)-235(and)-231(feared;)-238(he)-231(is)-231(still)-231(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-218(power)-219(in)-218(the)-218(law)-219(courts.)-239(With)-218(a)-219(weak)-218(voice,)-225(a)-218(bad)-218(memory,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-277(hesitating)-278(utterance,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.938 3.959 Td [(893)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.552 -3.959 Td [(by)-277(sheer)-278(industry)-277(and)-277(determination)]TJ -122.49 -13.549 Td [(he)-227(had)-227(made)-227(himself)-227(a)-227(powerful)-227(speaker,)-232(with)-227(a)-227(style)-227(of)-227(his)-227(own,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sharp,)-298(pungent,)-297(brutally)-288(incisive,)-297(ruthlessly)-288(sacrificing)-288(elegance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-443(point.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 38.473 3.959 Td [(894)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.488 -3.959 Td [(He)-443(belonged)-442(to)-443(the)-443(new)-442(school,)-491(and)-443(sometimes)]TJ -59.961 -13.549 Td [(sneered)-216(at)-216(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 68.945 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-216(affectation)-216(of)-216(the)-216(grand)-216(Ciceronian)-216(manner.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.599 3.959 Td [(895)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Yet)-329(to)-328(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.448 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-329(eyes,)-348(his)-328(earnest)-329(strenuousness)-328(in)-329(his)-328(profession)]TJ -58.081 -13.549 Td [(redeems)-314(some)-315(of)-314(his)-315(vices.)-443(He)-314(insists)-315(on)-314(having)-315(ample)-314(time)-314(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(develop)-276(his)-276(case.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.787 3.959 Td [(896)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.023 -3.959 Td [(He)-276(appears)-276(in)-275(the)-276(morning)-276(pale)-275(with)-276(study,)]TJ -90.81 -13.549 Td [(wearing)-392(a)-392(white)-392(patch)-392(on)-391(his)-392(forehead.)-676(He)-392(has)-392(consulted)-391(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diviners)-258(as)-258(to)-258(the)-258(success)-258(of)-258(his)-258(pleadings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.838 3.959 Td [(897)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.444 -3.959 Td [(It)-258(is)-258(a)-258(curious)-258(sign)]TJ -200.282 -13.549 Td [(of)-318(the)-319(times)-318(that)-319(this)-318(great)-319(advocate,)-335(who)-319(already)-318(possessed)-318(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enormous)-308(fortune,)-322(was)-307(a)-308(legacy-hunter)-307(of)-308(the)-307(meanest)-308(sort.)-422(He)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(actually)-376(visited,)-408(on)-376(her)-376(death-bed,)-408(Verania,)-407(the)-376(widow)-376(of)-376(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Piso,)-257(the)-256(adopted)-256(son)-256(of)-256(Galba,)-257(over)-256(whose)-256(murder)-256(Regulus)-255(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(savagely)-400(gloated,)-437(and)-399(by)-400(telling)-399(her)-400(that)-400(the)-399(stars)-400(promised)-399(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hope)-278(of)-278(recovery,)-284(he)-278(obtained)-278(a)-278(place)-278(in)-277(her)-278(will.)-334(His)-277(mourning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-236(his)-235(son)-236(displayed)-235(all)-235(the)-236(feverish)-235(extravagance)-236(and)-235(grandiose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eccentricity)-366(of)-367(a)-366(true)-366(child)-366(of)-366(the)-367(Neronian)-366(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.446 3.958 Td [(898)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.985 -3.958 Td [(The)-366(boy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.323 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.55 Td [(ponies)-359(and)-359(dogs)-359(and)-359(pet)-359(birds)-359(were)-359(slaughtered)-359(over)-359(his)-359(pyre.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.643 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 158.831 Td [(891)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(38;)-250(vi.)-250(64,)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(892)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(893)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iv.)-250(7,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.087 -7.311 Td [(894)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.86 0 Td [(i.)-247(20,)-241(15;)-243(cf.)-247(references)-240(to)-240(the)-239(archaic)-240(literary)-240(taste)-239(of)-240(the)-240(day)-240(in)-239(Mart.)-247(v.)]TJ -23.815 -10.959 Td [(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(895)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(v.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(896)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2,)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(897)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(898)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 957 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 958 0 R /Resources 956 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 943 0 R >> endobj 956 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 961 0 obj << /Length 5150 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(192)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Countless)-256(pictures)-255(and)-256(statues)-255(of)-256(him)-256(were)-255(ordered.)-267(His)-255(memoir)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-355(read)-354(by)-355(the)-354(father)-355(to)-354(a)-355(crowded)-355(audience,)-380(and)-355(a)-354(thousand)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(copies)-197(of)-197(it)-197(were)-197(sent)-197(broadcast)-197(over)-197(the)-197(provinces.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.647 3.959 Td [(899)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.987 -3.959 Td [(In)-197(Regulus)]TJ -233.634 -13.549 Td [(we)-325(seem)-325(to)-325(see)-325(the)-325(type)-325(of)-325(character)-325(which,)-344(had)-324(fortune)-325(raised)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(him)-348(to)-348(the)-349(throne,)-372(would)-349(have)-348(made)-348(perhaps)-348(a)-348(saner)-348(Caligula,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(an)-250(even)-250(more)-250(eccentric)-250(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([157])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -16.766 Td [(The)-320(struggles)-320(of)-319(the)-320(law)-320(courts)-320(were)-320(idealised)-319(by)-320(Pliny,)-337(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(their)-417(transient)-417(triumphs)-417(seemed)-417(to)-417(him)-417(to)-417(match)-417(the)-417(glory)-417(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-430(Philippics)-430(or)-431(the)-430(Verrines.)-790(Yet,)-476(to)-430(do)-430(him)-430(justice,)-475(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-348(sometimes)-348(a)-348(truer)-347(idea)-348(of)-348(the)-348(foundations)-348(of)-348(lasting)-347(fame.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-296(secret)-296(of)-295(immortality,)-308(the)-295(one)-296(chance)-296(of)-296(escaping)-295(oblivion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-328(to)-327(leave)-328(your)-327(thought)-328(embalmed)-328(in)-327(choice)-328(and)-327(distinguished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literary)-370(form,)-400(which)-371(coming)-370(ages)-370(will)-370(not)-370(willingly)-371(let)-370(die.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(900)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(This,)-528(probably)-472(the)-473(only)-472(form)-473(of)-472(immortality)-473(in)-472(which)-472(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believed,)-439(is)-401(the)-401(great)-401(motive)-402(for)-401(literary)-401(labour.)-703(The)-401(longing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-384(be)-384(remembered)-384(was)-384(the)-384(most)-384(ardent)-384(passion)-384(of)-384(the)-383(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind)-246(in)-246(all)-246(ages)-246(and)-246(in)-246(all)-246(ranks,)-247(from)-246(the)-246(author)-246(of)-246(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 242.448 0 Td [(Agricola)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -242.448 -13.549 Td [(to)-341(the)-340(petty)-341(artisan,)-363(who)-341(commemorated)-341(the)-340(homely)-341(virtues)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-371(wife)-371(for)-370(the)-371(eyes)-371(of)-371(a)-370(distant)-371(age,)-401(and)-371(made)-371(provision)-370(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-387(annual)-388(feast)-387(and)-387(the)-388(tribute)-387(of)-387(roses)-388(to)-387(the)-387(tomb.)-662(Of)-387(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(immense)-335(literary)-335(ambition)-335(which)-335(Pliny)-335(represented,)-356(and)-335(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-233(considered)-233(it)-234(a)-233(duty)-233(to)-233(foster,)-237(only)-233(a)-233(small)-233(part)-233(has)-233(reached)-233(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(goal.)-450(The)-316(great)-316(mass)-317(of)-316(these)-317(eager)-316(litterateurs)-317(have)-316(altogether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vanished,)-217(or)-208(remain)-208(as)-208(mere)-208(shadowy)-208(names)-208(in)-208(Martial)-208(or)-208(Statius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-250(Pliny.)]TJ 11.956 -16.766 Td [(The)-226(poems)-227(of)-226(Martial)-227(and)-226(Statius)-227(leave)-226(the)-227(impression)-226(that,)-231(in)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-242(reign)-242(of)-243(Domitian,)-243(the)-243(interest)-242(in)-242(poetical)-242(literature)-242(was)-242(keen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-344(widely)-344(diffused,)-368(and)-344(that,)-368(besides)-344(the)-344(poets)-344(by)-344(profession,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-488(were)-488(crowds)-489(of)-488(amateurs)-488(who)-488(dabbled)-489(in)-488(verse.)-964(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 120.76 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 113.947 Td [(899)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(For)-322(the)-321(light)-322(which)-322(this)-321(throws)-322(on)-322(the)-322(production)-321(of)-322(books)-322(in)-321(that)-322(age,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 262.451 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -274.407 -10.959 Td [(Haenny,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.369 0 Td [(Schriftsteller)-250(u.)-250(Buchh\344ndler)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 103.857 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(39-41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -135.977 -7.31 Td [(900)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.71 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.369 0 Td [(ii.)-894(10,)-518(4;)-572(iii.)-894(7,)-518(14,)-519(quatenus)-464(nobis)-465(denegatur)-465(diu)-464(vivere,)]TJ -53.035 -10.959 Td [(relinquamus)-283(aliquid)-284(quo)-283(nos)-284(vixisse)-283(testemur;)-300(v.)-350(5,)-292(4;)-300(v.)-350(8,)-292(2,)-291(me)-284(autem)-283(nihil)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(aeque)-250(ac)-250(diuturnitatis)-250(amor)-250(sollicitat;)-250(cf.)-250(vii.)-250(20.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 960 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 961 0 R /Resources 959 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 943 0 R >> endobj 962 0 obj << /D [960 0 R /XYZ 93.543 450.287 null] >> endobj 959 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 965 0 obj << /Length 6068 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(193)]TJ 0 g 0 G /F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -30.759 Td [(Silvae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 30.87 0 Td [(transport)-386(us)-385(into)-386(a)-386(charming,)-420(if)-385(rather)-386(luxurious)-386(world,)]TJ -30.87 -13.549 Td [(where)-204(men)-204(like)-205(Atedius)-204(Melior)-204(or)-204(Pollius)-204(amuse)-204(themselves)-204(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dilettante)-320(composition)-320(among)-320(their)-320(gardens)-320(and)-320(marbles)-320(on)-320(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bays)-414(of)-415(Campania.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 85.088 3.958 Td [(901)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.559 -3.958 Td [(Martial)-414(has)-415(a)-414(host)-414(of)-415(friends)-414(similarly)]TJ -105.647 -13.55 Td [(engaged,)-498(and)-449(the)-449(versatility)-448(of)-449(some)-449(of)-448(them)-449(is)-448(suspiciously)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wide.)-883(An)-461(old)-460(Ardelio)-461(is)-461(twitted)-461(by)-461(Martial)-461(with)-461(his)-460(showy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-463(superficial)-462(displays)-463(in)-463(declamation)-462(and)-463(history,)-516(in)-462(plays)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-439(epigrams,)-487(in)-440(grammar)-439(and)-439(astronomy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.364 3.959 Td [(902)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.378 -3.959 Td [(Canius)-439(Rufus,)]TJ -216.742 -13.549 Td [(his)-264(countryman)-265(from)-264(Gades,)-268(Varro,)-268(Bassus,)-268(Brutianus,)-268(Cirinius,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-415(all)-414(an)-415(extraordinary)-414(dexterity)-414(in)-415(almost)-414(every)-415(branch)-414(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poetical)-438(composition.)-814(Martial)-437(is)-438(too)-438(keen)-438(a)-438(critic)-438(not)-438(to)-437(see)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-362(fugitive)-362(character)-362(of)-361(much)-362(of)-362(this)-362(amateur)-362(literature.)-585(Like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Juvenal,)-194(he)-180(scoffs)-180(at)-180(the)-180(thin)-180(talent)-180(which)-180(concealed)-180(its)-179(feebleness)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([158])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(behind)-150(the)-151(pomp)-150(and)-151(faded)-150(splendour)-150(of)-151(epic)-150(or)-151(tragic)-150(tradition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(903)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(He)-365(roughly)-365(tells)-365(the)-364(whole)-365(versifying)-365(crowd)-365(that)-365(genius)-364(alone)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-188(live)-188(in)-189(coming)-188(ages.)-229(The)-189(purchased)-188(applause)-188(of)-188(the)-188(recitation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hall)-276(merely)-276(gratifies)-276(for)-276(an)-276(hour)-276(the)-276(vanity)-276(of)-276(the)-276(literary)-275(trifler.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-261(is)-261(a)-261(pity)-261(for)-261(his)-261(fame)-261(that)-261(Martial)-261(did)-261(not)-261(always)-261(maintain)-260(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tone)-332(of)-332(sincerity.)-495(He)-332(can)-331(at)-332(times)-332(sell)-331(his)-332(flattery)-332(to)-332(the)-331(basest)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-280(most)-281(stupid.)-340(He)-281(is)-280(capable)-280(of)-280(implying)-281(a)-280(comparison)-280(of)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(frigid)-250(pedantry)-250(of)-250(Silius)-250(Italicus)-250(to)-250(the)-250(majesty)-250(of)-250(Virgil.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.654 3.959 Td [(904)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -234.698 -19.536 Td [(Pliny)-479(was)-480(a)-479(friend)-480(and)-479(admirer)-480(of)-479(Martial,)-537(and,)-537(with)-479(his)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(usual)-525(generous)-524(hand,)-593(he)-525(made)-524(the)-525(poet)-524(a)-524(present)-525(when)-524(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(left)-449(Rome)-449(for)-449(ever)-448(to)-449(pass)-449(his)-449(last)-449(years)-449(at)-448(Bilbilis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.979 3.959 Td [(905)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.688 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(needy)-322(epigrammatist)-321(was)-322(only)-321(a)-322(distant)-321(observer,)-340(or)-321(hanger-on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-405(that)-404(world)-405(of)-404(wealth)-405(and)-405(refinement)-404(in)-405(which)-404(Pliny)-405(was)-404(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.161 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 158.349 Td [(901)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(ii.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.073 -7.311 Td [(902)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-818(ii.)-818(7;)-534(v.)-819(30;)-534(iii)-439(20;)-534(iv.)-819(23;)-534(v.)-818(23.)-818(For)-439(the)-440(same)-439(breadth)-440(of)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(accomplishment)-316(in)-315(the)-316(fifth)-316(century,)-332(cf.)-446(Sidon.)-447(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 202.642 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.497 0 Td [(v.)-447(97;)-348(ii.)-447(156;)]TJ -228.139 -10.959 Td [(xxiii.)-250(101;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.112 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Soc.)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Last)-250(Cent.)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Western)-250(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 182.555 0 Td [(\0501st)-250(ed.\051,)-250(p.)-250(375.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -221.417 -7.31 Td [(903)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(vi.)-250(60.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.311 Td [(904)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.394 Td [(905)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.754 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.051 0 Td [(iii.)-453(21.)-452(This)-318(book)-318(is)-317(dated)-318(by)-317(Mommsen)-318(101)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 169.03 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.825 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.036 0 Td [(p.)-453(14,)]TJ -258.638 -10.959 Td [(Morel;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.403 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.968 0 Td [(App.)-418(C,)-306(p.)-419(95\051;)-334(cf.)-418(Friedl\344nder)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 114.61 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 6.233 0 Td [(Martial)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.401 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 5.112 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(Chronologie)-306(der)-306(Epigr.)]TJ -196.694 -10.959 Td [(Mart.)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 19.673 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.222 0 Td [(p.)-250(66.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 964 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 965 0 R /Resources 963 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 967 0 R >> endobj 966 0 obj << /D [964 0 R /XYZ 46.771 355.585 null] >> endobj 963 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 970 0 obj << /Length 5621 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(194)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(conspicuous)-230(figure.)-243(But)-230(from)-229(both)-230(Pliny)-230(and)-229(Martial)-230(we)-230(get)-229(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(much)-262(the)-261(same)-262(impression)-262(of)-261(the)-262(literary)-262(movement)-261(in)-262(the)-261(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-261(Domitian.)-283(Pliny)-261(himself)-261(is)-261(perhaps)-261(its)-261(best)-261(representative.)-283(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-380(a)-380(true)-379(son)-380(of)-380(the)-380(Roman)-379(schools,)-412(as)-380(they)-380(had)-380(been)-379(revived)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-326(strengthened)-326(by)-326(Vespasian,)-345(for)-326(a)-326(life)-326(of)-326(many)-325(generations.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)-204(does)-204(not)-204(think)-204(slightly)-204(of)-204(the)-204(literary)-204(efforts)-204(of)-204(his)-204(own)-203(day:)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-332(of)-331(them)-332(he)-331(even)-332(overrates.)-494(But)-332(already)-331(the)-332(Roman)-331(mind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-309(bent)-309(its)-309(neck)-309(to)-309(that)-309(thraldom)-309(to)-309(the)-309(past,)-324(to)-309(that)-308(routine)-309(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rhetorical)-337(discipline,)-359(which,)-358(along)-337(with)-337(other)-337(causes,)-358(produced)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-327(combination)-326(of)-326(ambitious)-327(effort)-326(and)-327(mediocre)-326(performance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that,)-202(for)-191(the)-190(last)-191(three)-190(centuries)-191(of)-191(the)-190(Empire,)-202(is)-191(the)-190(characteristic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-372(all)-371(literary)-372(culture.)-615(From)-372(his)-371(great)-372(teacher)-372(Quintilian)-371(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-374(imbibed)-374(a)-375(profound)-374(reverence)-374(for)-374(Cicero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.764 3.959 Td [(906)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.244 -3.959 Td [(Alike)-374(in)-374(his)]TJ -227.008 -13.549 Td [(career)-265(of)-266(honours)-265(and)-265(his)-266(literary)-265(pursuits,)-269(he)-265(loves)-266(to)-265(think)-265(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(he)-422(is)-421(treading)-422(in)-421(the)-421(great)-422(orator)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 150.589 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-421(footsteps.)-765(In)-421(answer)-422(to)-421(a)]TJ -154.222 -13.549 Td [(taunt)-308(of)-307(Regulus,)-323(he)-307(once)-308(boldly)-308(avowed)-307(his)-308(preference)-308(for)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ciceronian)-299(oratory)-299(to)-299(that)-299(of)-299(his)-299(own)-299(day.)-397(Demosthenes)-299(is)-299(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-275(his)-274(model,)-281(though)-275(he)-275(feels)-274(keenly)-275(the)-275(difference)-274(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(separates)-221(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.939 3.958 Td [(907)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.075 -3.958 Td [(Indeed)-221(his)-221(reverence)-221(for)-221(Greece)-221(as)-221(the)-221(mother)]TJ -82.014 -13.55 Td [(of)-408(letters,)-447(art,)-447(and)-407(civic)-408(life)-407(was)-408(one)-408(of)-407(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 209.937 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-408(sincerest)-407(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -286.326 0 Td [([159])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(most)-276(honourable)-276(feelings.)-328(To)-276(a)-276(man)-276(who)-276(had)-276(been)-276(appointed)-275(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(high)-316(office)-316(in)-316(Greece)-316(he)-316(preaches,)-333(in)-316(earnest)-316(tones,)-332(the)-316(duty)-316(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reverence)-273(for)-274(that)-273(gifted)-274(race)-273(whose)-274(age)-273(was)-274(consecrated)-273(by)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(memories)-350(of)-350(its)-350(glorious)-350(prime.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.632 3.959 Td [(908)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.453 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-350(Greek)-350(studies)-350(must)]TJ -186.758 -13.549 Td [(have)-316(begun)-316(very)-317(early.)-448(At)-316(the)-316(age)-317(of)-316(fourteen)-316(he)-316(had)-316(written)-316(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Greek)-279(tragedy,)-287(for)-279(which,)-287(however,)-286(he)-280(modestly)-279(does)-279(not)-279(claim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(much)-330(merit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.596 3.959 Td [(909)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.799 -3.959 Td [(He)-330(had)-330(always)-330(a)-330(certain)-330(taste)-330(for)-330(poetry,)-350(but)-330(it)]TJ -71.395 -13.549 Td [(seems)-314(to)-314(have)-314(been)-314(merely)-314(the)-314(taste)-314(created)-314(or)-314(enforced)-314(by)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(constant)-307(study)-308(of)-307(the)-308(poets)-307(under)-307(the)-308(grammarian.)-422(Once,)-321(while)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.269 Td [(906)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iv.)-250(8,)-250(4;)-250(v.)-250(12,)-250(est)-250(mihi)-250(cum)-250(Cicerone)-250(aemulatio.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(907)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(30.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.31 Td [(908)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.227 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.542 0 Td [(viii.)-282(24,)-264(reverere)-261(gloriam)-260(veterem)-261(et)-261(hanc)-261(ipsam)-261(senectutem)-260(quae)]TJ -45.725 -10.959 Td [(in)-250(homine)-250(venerabilis,)-250(in)-250(urbibus)-250(sacra.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(909)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(4,)-250(2,)-250(Qualem?)-250(inquis.)-250(Nescio;)-250(tragoedia)-250(vocabatur.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 969 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 970 0 R /Resources 968 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 967 0 R >> endobj 971 0 obj << /D [969 0 R /XYZ 358.42 260.74 null] >> endobj 968 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 974 0 obj << /Length 5280 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(195)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(detained)-306(by)-307(bad)-306(weather)-306(on)-307(his)-306(way)-306(back)-307(from)-306(military)-306(service)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-214(Asia,)-221(he)-213(amused)-214(himself)-214(with)-214(composing)-213(in)-214(elegiac)-214(and)-213(heroic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(verse.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.746 3.959 Td [(910)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.741 -3.959 Td [(Later)-267(in)-267(his)-267(career,)-272(he)-267(published)-267(a)-267(volume)-267(of)-267(poems)-267(in)]TJ -41.487 -13.549 Td [(hendecasyllabic)-326(metre,)-345(written)-325(on)-326(various)-326(occasions.)-478(But)-325(there)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-281(no)-282(inspiration)-281(behind)-281(these)-281(conventional)-281(exercises.)-344(He)-281(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chiefly)-292(moved)-291(to)-292(write)-292(in)-291(verse,)-303(as)-291(he)-292(na\357vely)-292(confesses,)-302(by)-291(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(example)-362(of)-362(the)-361(great)-362(orators)-362(who)-361(beguiled)-362(their)-362(leisure)-362(in)-361(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(way.)-231(Among)-195(his)-194(published)-194(poems)-194(there)-194(were)-194(some)-194(with)-194(a)-194(flavour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-299(Catullan)-298(lubricity,)-311(which)-299(offended)-298(or)-299(astonished)-298(some)-299(of)-298(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(severer)-343(friends,)-365(who)-343(thought)-343(such)-342(doubtful)-343(lightness)-342(unworthy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-221(a)-221(grave)-221(character)-220(and)-221(a)-221(great)-221(position.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.287 3.959 Td [(911)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 -3.959 Td [(No)-221(better)-221(illustration)]TJ -190.361 -13.549 Td [(could)-382(be)-383(found)-382(of)-383(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 108.804 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-382(incorrigible)-383(conventionality)-382(in)-383(such)]TJ -112.437 -13.549 Td [(things)-290(than)-289(the)-290(defence)-290(which)-289(he)-290(makes)-290(of)-289(his)-290(suspected)-289(verses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-361(Titius)-361(Ariston.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.28 3.958 Td [(912)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.813 -3.958 Td [(It)-361(is)-361(to)-361(Pliny)-361(not)-361(a)-361(question)-361(of)-361(morals)-361(or)]TJ -96.093 -13.55 Td [(propriety.)-592(The)-363(ancient)-364(models)-364(are)-364(to)-364(be)-364(followed,)-392(not)-364(only)-363(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-418(elevated,)-461(but)-418(in)-418(their)-418(looser)-419(moods.)-755(The)-418(case)-418(seems)-418(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-284(closed)-284(when)-284(Pliny)-283(can)-284(point)-284(to)-284(similar)-284(literary)-284(aberrations)-283(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-371(long)-371(line)-371(of)-371(great)-371(men)-371(from)-371(Varro)-371(and)-371(Virgil)-371(and)-371(Cicero)-370(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Verginius)-250(Rufus)-250(and)-250(the)-250(divine)-250(Nerva.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.458 3.958 Td [(913)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -156.502 -21.007 Td [(Pliny,)-362(however,)-362(though)-340(vain)-340(of)-340(his)-339(dexterity)-340(in)-340(these)-339(trifles,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(probably)-251(did)-250(not)-251(rate)-250(them)-251(very)-250(highly.)-251(It)-251(was)-250(to)-251(oratorical)-250(fame)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-432(his)-432(ambition)-433(was)-432(directed.)-797(He)-432(was)-432(dissatisfied)-432(with)-432(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eloquence)-309(of)-308(his)-308(own)-309(day,)-323(which,)-323(to)-309(use)-308(the)-309(words)-308(of)-308(Regulus,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sprang)-404(at)-403(the)-404(throat)-404(of)-403(its)-404(subject,)-442(and)-404(he)-403(avowed)-404(himself)-403(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imitator)-500(of)-500(Cicero.)-1000(His)-500(speeches,)-562(even)-500(for)-500(the)-500(centumviral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(court,)-525(were)-470(worked)-470(up)-470(with)-470(infinite)-470(care,)-525(although)-470(with)-469(too)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([160])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(self-conscious)-372(an)-372(aim)-372(to)-372(impress)-372(an)-372(audience.)-616(We)-372(can)-371(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagine)-422(Cicero)-421(or)-422(Demosthenes)-421(coldly)-421(balancing)-422(their)-421(tropes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-281(figures)-281(after)-280(the)-281(fashion)-281(of)-281(Pliny.)-342(When)-281(the)-281(great)-280(oratorical)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.269 Td [(910)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(4,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(911)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.971 0 Td [(iv.)-256(14,)-253(cf.)-257(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.997 0 Td [(Trist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.449 0 Td [(ii.)-256(365,)-253(who)-252(makes)-252(pretty)-253(much)-252(the)-252(same)-252(excuse)-252(to)]TJ -97.373 -10.959 Td [(Augustus.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.31 Td [(912)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(v.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.087 -7.311 Td [(913)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Nettleship,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.793 0 Td [(Lectures)-250(and)-250(Essays)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 73.22 0 Td [(,)-250(2nd)-250(Series,)-250(p.)-250(39.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 973 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 974 0 R /Resources 972 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 967 0 R >> endobj 975 0 obj << /D [973 0 R /XYZ 288.936 175.946 null] >> endobj 972 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 978 0 obj << /Length 6152 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(196)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(effort)-350(was)-350(over,)-375(the)-349(labour)-350(was)-350(renewed,)-375(in)-350(order)-350(to)-350(make)-349(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(speech)-480(worthy)-480(of)-479(the)-480(eyes)-480(of)-480(posterity.)-939(It)-480(was)-480(revised)-479(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(polished,)-461(and)-419(submitted)-419(to)-418(the)-419(scrutiny)-419(of)-419(critical)-419(readers)-418(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suggestions)-383(of)-384(emendation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 121.994 3.958 Td [(914)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.546 -3.958 Td [(Pliny)-383(was)-384(probably)-383(the)-384(first)-383(to)]TJ -141.54 -13.55 Td [(give)-198(readings)-197(of)-198(speeches)-198(to)-198(long-suffering)-197(friends.)-233(We)-198(hear)-197(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-253(shudder)-254(that)-253(the)-254(recital)-253(of)-253(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 138.107 0 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.601 0 Td [(was)-253(spread)-254(over)-253(three)]TJ -185.708 -13.549 Td [(days!)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.629 3.959 Td [(915)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.165 -3.959 Td [(The)-341(other)-341(speeches)-341(on)-342(which)-341(Pliny)-341(lavished)-341(so)-341(much)]TJ -41.794 -13.549 Td [(labour)-271(and)-271(thought,)-277(have)-271(perished,)-277(as)-271(they)-271(probably)-271(deserved)-271(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perish.)-676(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 57.999 0 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 49.112 0 Td [(was)-392(preserved,)-427(and)-392(became)-392(the)-392(parent)]TJ -107.111 -13.55 Td [(and)-359(model)-359(of)-359(the)-358(prostituted)-359(rhetoric)-359(of)-359(the)-359(Gallic)-358(renaissance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-375(the)-376(fourth)-375(century.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.204 3.959 Td [(916)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.28 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-375(was)-375(by)-376(no)-375(means)-375(a)-375(despicable)]TJ -115.484 -13.549 Td [(literary)-400(critic,)-437(when)-400(he)-399(was)-400(not)-400(paying)-399(the)-400(tribute)-400(of)-399(friendly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flattery)-281(which)-282(social)-281(tyranny)-281(then)-281(exacted.)-344(He)-281(could)-281(sometimes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-229(honestly)-228(reserved)-229(in)-228(his)-229(appreciation)-228(of)-229(a)-228(friend)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 219.287 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-229(dull)-228(literary)]TJ -222.92 -13.55 Td [(efforts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.2 3.959 Td [(917)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.162 -3.959 Td [(But)-245(in)-244(his)-245(ideals)-245(of)-245(oratory,)-246(he)-244(seems)-245(to)-245(be)-245(hopelessly)]TJ -46.362 -13.549 Td [(wrong.)-343(There)-282(are)-281(some)-281(terse)-281(and)-281(epigrammatic)-281(sentences)-281(in)-281(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.837 0 Td [(,)-237(which)-233(redeem)-234(it)-233(by)-234(their)-233(strong)-233(sincerity.)-245(But)-233(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 227.917 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(canons)-284(of)-284(oratorical)-284(style)-284(would)-284(have)-284(excited)-284(the)-284(ridicule)-284(of)-284(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-204(models,)-214(who)-204(were)-204(thinking)-205(of)-204(their)-204(goal,)-214(and)-204(not)-204(measuring)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(every)-364(pace)-364(as)-364(they)-364(strained)-364(towards)-364(it.)-592(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.275 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-364(theory)-364(that)-364(the)]TJ -206.908 -13.549 Td [(mere)-433(length)-432(of)-433(a)-432(speech)-433(is)-433(a)-432(great)-433(element)-432(in)-433(its)-432(excellence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-287(swi)1(ft)-287(directness)-286(is)-287(inartistic,)-296(that)-286(lingering)-286(diffuseness)-287(is)-286(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oratorical)-412(charm,)-453(that)-412(laboured)-412(manufacture)-412(of)-412(turgid)-412(phrases)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-347(produce)-346(the)-346(effect)-347(of)-346(the)-347(impetuous)-346(rush)-347(of)-346(Demosthenes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-222(Cicero)-222(in)-223(their)-222(moments)-222(of)-222(inspiration,)-228(makes)-222(us)-222(rather)-222(glad,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-250(love)-250(him,)-250(that)-250(we)-250(have)-250(not)-250(more)-250(of)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 199.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(oratory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.204 3.959 Td [(918)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -232.867 -17.508 Td [(It)-223(is)-222(by)-223(his)-222(letters)-223(that)-223(Pliny)-222(has)-223(lived,)-228(and)-223(will)-222(live)-223(on,)-228(so)-223(long)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(as)-360(men)-359(care)-360(to)-360(know)-359(the)-360(inner)-360(life)-359(of)-360(the)-359(great)-360(ages)-360(that)-359(have)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.431 Td [(914)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(13,)-250(5;)-250(vii.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.151 -7.394 Td [(915)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(18;)-250(cf.)-250(ii.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.151 -7.311 Td [(916)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Teuffel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.795 0 Td [(R.)-239(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.225 0 Td [(\247)-239(387;)-243(Mackail,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.541 0 Td [(Lat.)-246(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.771 0 Td [(p.)-246(264;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.055 0 Td [(Rom.)-247(Soc.)-246(in)-239(the)-240(Last)-239(Cent.)]TJ -183.343 -10.959 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(W.)-250(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.007 0 Td [(\0501st)-250(ed.\051,)-250(p.)-250(357.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -62.758 -7.31 Td [(917)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iii.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(918)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.318 0 Td [(1,)-301(20.)-372(It)-291(is)-290(curious)-291(that)-291(this)-291(praise)-290(of)-291(amplitude)-291(should)-290(be)-291(addressed)-291(to)]TJ -24.273 -10.959 Td [(Tacitus;)-250(cf.)-250(Nipperdey,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.912 0 Td [(Einleit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.396 0 Td [(xxxiv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 977 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 978 0 R /Resources 976 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 967 0 R >> endobj 976 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 981 0 obj << /Length 4767 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(197)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(gone)-204(before.)-235(The)-204(criticism,)-213(which)-204(is)-204(so)-204(quick)-204(to)-204(seize)-204(the)-203(obvious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weaknesses)-209(of)-210(the)-209(author)-209(of)-209(a)-209(priceless)-210(picture)-209(of)-209(ancient)-209(society,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-401(to)-401(be)-401(a)-401(little)-401(ungrateful.)-703(We)-401(could)-401(forgive)-401(almost)-400(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(failing)-289(or)-288(affectation)-289(in)-288(one)-289(who)-288(had)-288(left)-289(us)-288(a)-289(similar)-288(revelation)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([161])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(of)-298(society)-298(when)-298(M.)-297(Aurelius)-298(was)-298(holding)-298(back)-298(the)-298(Germans)-297(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(Danube,)-336(or)-318(when)-319(Probus)-318(was)-319(shattering)-318(the)-319(invaders)-318(of)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(third)-301(century.)-404(The)-301(letters)-301(of)-302(Cicero)-301(offer)-301(an)-301(apparently)-301(obvious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(comparison,)-341(which)-323(may)-323(be)-323(used)-323(to)-323(the)-323(detriment)-323(of)-323(Pliny.)-468(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-349(comparison)-349(is)-349(rather)-349(inept.)-546(Cicero)-349(was)-349(a)-349(man)-349(of)-349(affairs)-348(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-330(thick)-329(of)-330(a)-329(great)-330(revolution,)-349(and)-330(his)-330(letters)-329(are)-330(invaluable)-329(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-258(student)-257(of)-258(politics)-258(at)-257(a)-258(great)-257(crisis)-258(in)-258(history.)-273(But)-257(in)-258(the)-257(calm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-389(Trajan)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.805 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-389(reign,)-424(a)-389(letter-writer)-389(had)-389(to)-389(seek)-389(other)-389(subjects)-389(of)]TJ -45.438 -13.549 Td [(interest)-338(than)-337(the)-338(fortunes)-337(of)-338(the)-337(state.)-513(Literature,)-359(criticism,)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beauties)-216(of)-216(nature,)-223(the)-216(simple)-216(charm)-216(of)-216(country)-216(life,)-222(the)-216(thousand)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(trivial)-494(incidents)-494(and)-494(eccentricities)-494(of)-494(an)-494(over-ripe)-494(society)-493(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-448(capital)-449(of)-448(the)-448(world,)-498(furnished)-448(a)-448(ready)-449(pen)-448(and)-448(a)-448(genial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination,)-348(which)-328(could)-328(idealise)-328(its)-329(surroundings,)-347(with)-328(ample)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(materials.)-293(Pliny)-265(is)-264(by)-265(some)-264(treated)-264(as)-265(a)-264(mediocrity;)-272(but,)-268(like)-264(our)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(own)-355(Horace)-354(Walpole,)-381(he)-354(had)-355(the)-354(keen)-355(sense)-354(to)-354(see)-355(that)-354(social)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(routine)-256(coul)1(d)-256(be)-255(made)-256(interesting,)-257(and)-255(that)-256(the)-255(man)-256(who)-255(had)-255(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(skill)-373(to)-373(do)-373(so)-373(might)-373(make)-373(himself)-373(famous.)-619(He)-373(was)-372(genuinely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interested)-197(in)-198(his)-197(social)-197(environment.)-232(And)-198(intense)-197(interest)-197(in)-197(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(subject)-276(is)-276(one)-277(great)-276(secret)-276(of)-276(literary)-276(success.)-329(Pliny)-276(had)-276(also)-276(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instinct)-261(that,)-263(if)-260(a)-261(work)-260(is)-261(to)-260(live,)-263(it)-261(must)-260(have)-261(a)-260(select)-260(distinction)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-306(style,)-320(which)-306(may)-307(be)-306(criticised,)-320(but)-306(which)-306(cannot)-306(be)-306(ignored.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-357(had)-357(the)-356(laudable)-357(ambition)-357(to)-357(put)-357(his)-356(thoughts)-357(in)-357(a)-357(form)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(artistic)-247(grace)-248(which)-247(may)-247(make)-248(even)-247(commonplace)-247(attractive.)-249(So)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-365(a)-365(judge)-365(as)-365(the)-366(late)-365(Mr.)-595(Paley)-365(did)-365(not)-365(hesitate)-365(to)-365(put)-365(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Latinity)-308(of)-308(Pliny)-308(on)-308(the)-308(level)-308(of)-308(that)-308(of)-308(Cicero.)-424(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 236.373 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-308(Letters,)]TJ -240.005 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-307(even)-306(more)-307(than)-306(the)-306(masterpieces)-307(of)-306(the)-307(Augustine)-306(age,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fascinated)-299(the)-300(taste)-299(of)-300(the)-299(fourth)-299(and)-300(fifth)-299(centuries.)-398(They)-299(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-303(models)-303(of)-304(Symmachus)-303(and)-303(Sidonius,)-316(who)-304(tried,)-316(but)-303(in)-303(very)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 980 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 981 0 R /Resources 979 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 967 0 R >> endobj 982 0 obj << /D [980 0 R /XYZ 250.323 477.528 null] >> endobj 979 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 985 0 obj << /Length 6089 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(198)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(different)-250(fashion,)-250(to)-250(do)-250(for)-250(their)-250(age)-250(what)-250(Pliny)-250(did)-250(for)-250(his.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 256.025 3.959 Td [(919)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -244.069 -22.418 Td [(Like)-308(his)-307(imitators,)-322(Sidonius)-308(and)-308(Symmachus,)-322(Pliny)-307(intended)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(his)-225(Letters)-224(to)-224(go)-225(down)-224(to)-225(the)-224(future)-225(as)-224(a)-225(masterpiece)-224(of)-225(style,)-229(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-288(a)-288(picture)-289(of)-288(his)-288(age.)-364(We)-289(know)-288(that)-288(the)-288(letters)-288(of)-288(Symmachus)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-238(carefully)-239(preserved)-238(in)-238(duplicate)-239(by)-238(his)-238(scribes,)-241(probably)-238(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-368(own)-369(instructions,)-398(although)-368(they)-368(were)-369(edited)-368(and)-368(published)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-397(his)-396(son)-397(only)-397(after)-396(his)-397(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.223 3.959 Td [(920)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.98 -3.959 Td [(Pliny,)-433(like)-397(Sidonius,)-433(gave)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -235.958 0 Td [([162])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(Letters)-250(to)-250(the)-250(public)-250(in)-251(successive)-250(portions)-250(during)-250(his)-250(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(921)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Like)-359(Sidonius)-359(too,)-386(he)-359(felt)-359(that)-359(he)-359(had)-359(not)-359(the)-359(sustained)-359(power)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-445(write)-445(a)-445(consecutive)-445(history)-445(of)-445(his)-445(time)-445(and)-445(the)-445(Letters)-444(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(both)-372(are)-372(probably)-371(far)-372(more)-372(valuable.)-615(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 195.743 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-372(first)-372(book)-371(opens)]TJ -199.376 -13.549 Td [(with)-486(a)-486(kind)-486(of)-487(dedication)-486(to)-486(Septicius)-486(Clarus,)-545(who)-486(was)-486(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patron)-248(of)-248(Suetonius,)-248(and)-248(who)-248(rose)-248(to)-248(be)-248(praetorian)-248(prefect)-248(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hadrian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.866 3.959 Td [(922)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.423 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-319(appears)-318(to)-319(disclaim)-318(any)-319(order)-318(or)-319(principle)-318(of)]TJ -55.289 -13.549 Td [(arrangement)-320(in)-319(these)-320(books,)-337(but)-320(this)-319(is)-320(the)-320(device)-319(of)-320(an)-319(artistic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(negligence.)-565(Yet)-355(it)-354(has)-355(been)-355(proved)-355(by)-355(the)-355(prince)-355(of)-354(European)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scholars)-201(in)-201(our)-201(day)-201(that)-201(both)-201(as)-201(to)-201(date)-201(and)-201(subject)-201(matter,)-210(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(Letters)-271(reveal)-271(signs)-271(of)-271(the)-271(most)-271(careful)-271(arrangement.)-313(The)-270(books)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-311(published)-311(separately,)-326(a)-311(common)-311(practice)-311(down)-311(to)-311(the)-310(end)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-392(Roman)-392(literary)-392(history.)-676(The)-392(same)-392(subject)-392(reappears)-392(in)-392(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(same)-205(book)-204(or)-205(the)-204(next.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.095 3.959 Td [(923)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.016 -3.959 Td [(Groups)-205(of)-204(letters)-205(dealing)-204(with)-205(the)-205(same)]TJ -112.111 -13.549 Td [(matter)-285(are)-286(found)-285(in)-285(their)-286(natural)-285(order)-286(in)-285(successive)-285(books.)-356(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proof)-178(is)-178(made)-178(even)-177(clearer)-178(by)-178(the)-178(silence)-178(or)-178(the)-178(express)-177(references)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-319(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.008 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-319(family)-319(relations.)-457(Finally,)-337(the)-319(older)-319(men,)-336(who)-319(fill)-319(the)]TJ -38.641 -13.549 Td [(stage)-341(in)-341(the)-342(earlier)-341(Letters,)-364(disappear)-341(towards)-341(the)-341(end;)-387(while)-341(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(younger)-349(generation,)-373(a)-349(Salinator)-349(or)-349(a)-349(Ummidius)-349(Quadratus,)-373(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-289(heard)-290(of)-289(in)-290(the)-289(later.)-368(Men)-290(of)-289(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 174.884 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-289(own)-290(age,)-299(like)-289(Tacitus)]TJ -178.516 -13.549 Td [(or)-361(Cornutus)-362(Tertullus,)-389(meet)-362(us)-361(from)-361(first)-362(to)-361(last.)-585(The)-361(dates)-361(at)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 125.388 Td [(919)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.35 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.886 0 Td [(v.)-248(1,)-245(7;)-246(Sidon.)-248(Apoll.)-248(i.)-248(1,)-245(1;)-246(iv.)-248(22,)-245(2,)-245(ego)-243(Plinio)-244(ut)-244(discipulus)]TJ -60.192 -10.959 Td [(assurgo.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(920)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Sym.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.927 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(v.)-250(85.)-250(Seeck,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.311 0 Td [(Prol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(xlv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -115.815 -7.311 Td [(921)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(\050Tr.\051)-250(p.)-250(2;)-250(cf.)-250(Haenny,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 80.921 0 Td [(Schriftsteller)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(,)-250(etc.)-250(p.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -192.765 -7.31 Td [(922)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(1;)-250(vii.)-250(28;)-250(i.)-250(15;)-250(viii.)-250(1;)-250(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 114.582 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(87.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -188.057 -7.311 Td [(923)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(p.)-250(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 984 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 985 0 R /Resources 983 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 967 0 R >> endobj 986 0 obj << /D [984 0 R /XYZ 307.93 431.97 null] >> endobj 983 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 989 0 obj << /Length 5009 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(199)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-365(the)-365(various)-365(books)-365(were)-365(published)-365(have)-365(been)-365(fixed)-364(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tolerable)-341(certainty.)-523(It)-340(is)-341(enough)-341(for)-341(our)-341(present)-341(purpose)-341(to)-340(say)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-220(the)-220(earliest)-220(letter)-220(belongs)-220(to)-220(the)-220(reign)-220(of)-220(Nerva,)-226(and)-220(the)-219(ninth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(book)-315(was)-316(probably)-315(given)-316(to)-315(the)-316(world)-315(a)-316(year)-315(or)-316(two)-315(before)-315(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(writer)-228(was)-228(appointed)-228(by)-228(Trajan)-228(to)-228(the)-228(office)-228(of)-228(imperial)-228(legate)-228(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Bithynia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.309 3.959 Td [(924)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -28.353 -22.58 Td [(It)-283(is)-284(easy,)-291(as)-284(we)-283(have)-283(said,)-292(and)-283(apparently)-284(congenial)-283(to)-283(some)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(writers,)-212(to)-203(dwell)-202(on)-203(the)-202(vanity)-203(and)-203(self-complacency)-202(of)-203(the)-202(writer)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-336(these)-336(letters.)-507(By)-336(some)-336(he)-336(seems)-336(to)-336(be)-336(regarded)-336(chiefly)-336(as)-335(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(poseur)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.695 0 Td [(.)-689(To)-396(discover)-397(the)-396(weaknesses)-397(of)-396(Pliny)-396(is)-397(no)-396(great)-396(feat)]TJ -29.695 -13.549 Td [(of)-304(criticism:)-358(they)-304(are)-304(on)-304(the)-304(surface.)-412(But)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 184.926 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(securus)-304(judicat)-304(orbis)]TJ -189.77 -13.549 Td [(terrarum,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.288 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.609 0 Td [(and)-345(Pliny)-345(has)-345(borne)-346(the)-345(scrutiny)-345(of)-345(the)-345(great)-345(judge.)]TJ -48.897 -13.549 Td [(Men)-371(of)-371(his)-370(own)-371(race)-371(and)-371(age,)-401(who)-370(spoke)-371(and)-371(wrote)-371(the)-370(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(finished)-401(Latin,)-439(awarded)-401(him)-401(the)-401(palm)-401(of)-401(exquisite)-401(style.)-702(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)-454(has)-454(many)-453(qualities)-454(of)-454(the)-454(heart,)-504(which)-454(should)-454(cover)-453(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([163])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(multitude)-315(of)-314(sins,)-331(even)-314(more)-315(serious)-315(than)-314(any)-315(with)-314(which)-315(he)-314(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charged.)-560(He)-353(had)-354(the)-353(great)-353(gift)-354(of)-353(loyal)-353(friendship,)-380(and)-353(he)-353(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-315(usual)-314(reward)-315(in)-315(a)-314(multitude)-315(of)-314(friends.)-444(It)-315(has)-315(been)-314(regretted)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-372(Pliny)-373(does)-372(not)-373(deal)-372(with)-373(serious)-372(questions)-372(of)-373(politics)-372(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy,)-246(that)-245(his)-245(Letters)-245(rather)-245(skim)-245(the)-245(surface)-245(of)-244(social)-245(life,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-331(leave)-331(its)-331(deeper)-331(problems)-331(untouched.)-493(Pliny)-331(himself)-331(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-217(have)-218(accepted)-217(this)-218(criticism)-217(as)-217(a)-218(compliment.)-239(The)-217(mass)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-336(men)-336(are)-336(little)-336(occupied)-337(with)-336(insoluble)-336(questions.)-508(And)-336(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-334(probably)-334(deserved)-334(better)-334(of)-334(posterity)-334(by)-334(leaving)-333(us)-334(a)-334(vivid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(picture)-416(of)-416(the)-416(ordinary)-416(life)-416(of)-416(his)-416(time)-417(or)-416(of)-416(his)-416(class,)-457(rather)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-242(an)-241(analysis)-242(of)-242(its)-241(spiritual)-242(distresses)-242(and)-241(maladies.)-248(We)-241(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enough)-392(of)-393(that)-392(in)-393(Seneca,)-428(in)-392(M.)-392(Aurelius,)-428(and)-393(in)-392(Lucian.)-677(Of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-295(variety)-295(and)-295(vividness)-295(of)-295(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 148.813 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-295(sketches)-295(of)-295(social)-295(life)-295(there)]TJ -152.445 -13.55 Td [(can)-332(never)-331(be)-332(any)-331(question.)-495(But)-332(our)-332(gratitude)-331(will)-332(be)-331(increased)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-342(we)-342(compare)-342(his)-343(Letters)-342(with)-342(the)-342(collections)-342(of)-342(his)-342(imitators,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Symmachus)-321(and)-322(Sidonius,)-339(whose)-321(arid)-321(pages)-322(are)-321(seldom)-321(turned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-218(any)-218(but)-218(a)-219(few)-218(curious)-218(and)-218(weary)-218(students.)-240(Martial,)-224(in)-218(his)-218(way,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 69.951 Td [(924)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(pp.)-250(7,)-250(24;)-250(Teuffel,)-250(\247)-250(335,)-250(1.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 988 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 989 0 R /Resources 987 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 991 0 R >> endobj 990 0 obj << /D [988 0 R /XYZ 179.401 323.414 null] >> endobj 987 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 994 0 obj << /Length 5602 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(200)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-242(perhaps)-242(even)-241(more)-242(clear-cut)-242(and)-242(minute)-242(in)-241(his)-242(portraiture.)-247(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Martial)-240(is)-240(essentially)-240(a)-239(wit)-240(of)-240(the)-240(town,)-242(viewing)-240(its)-240(vices,)-241(follies,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-207(fashions)-207(with)-208(the)-207(eye)-207(of)-207(a)-207(keen,)-216(but)-207(rather)-207(detached)-207(observer.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-281(reading)-281(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.969 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-281(Letters,)-288(we)-281(feel)-281(ourselves)-280(introduced)-281(into)-281(the)]TJ -74.602 -13.55 Td [(heart)-289(of)-289(that)-289(society)-289(in)-289(its)-289(better)-289(hours;)-308(and,)-299(above)-289(all,)-299(we)-288(seem)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-359(be)-358(transported)-359(to)-358(those)-359(quiet)-359(provincial)-358(towns)-359(and)-358(secluded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(country)-321(seats)-321(where,)-338(if)-321(life)-321(was)-321(duller)-321(and)-321(tamer)-321(than)-321(it)-321(was)-320(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-258(capital,)-259(the)-258(days)-258(passed)-257(in)-258(a)-258(quiet)-257(content,)-260(unsolicited)-258(by)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stormier)-243(passions,)-245(in)-243(orderly)-243(refinement,)-245(in)-243(kindly)-243(relations)-243(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(country)-308(neighbours,)-323(and)-308(amid)-307(the)-308(unfading)-308(charm)-308(of)-308(old-world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pieties)-250(and)-250(the)-250(witchery)-250(of)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -17.012 Td [(Pliny)-308(has)-307(also)-308(done)-308(a)-308(great)-307(service)-308(in)-308(preserving)-308(a)-307(memorial)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-343(the)-343(literary)-343(tone)-343(and)-343(habits)-343(of)-343(his)-343(time.)-529(Even)-343(in)-343(that)-342(age)-343(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fertile)-351(production)-350(and)-351(too)-350(enthusiastic)-351(appreciation,)-376(Pliny,)-375(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-316(and)-317(Statius,)-332(has)-317(a)-316(feeling)-316(that)-316(the)-316(love)-317(for)-316(things)-316(of)-316(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind)-229(was)-230(waning.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.24 3.959 Td [(925)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.105 -3.959 Td [(And)-229(he)-230(deemed)-229(it)-229(an)-230(almost)-229(religious)-229(duty,)]TJ -94.345 -13.549 Td [(as)-285(Symmachus)-284(and)-285(Sidonius)-284(did)-285(more)-285(than)-284(three)-285(centuries)-284(after)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(him,)-244(to)-243(arouse)-243(the)-243(flagging)-242(interest)-243(in)-243(letters,)-244(and)-243(to)-243(reward)-242(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(third-rate)-296(literary)-296(effort)-297(with)-296(exuberant)-296(praise.)-389(He)-296(avows)-296(that)-296(it)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([164])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(is)-279(a)-278(matter)-279(of)-278(duty)-279(to)-278(admire)-279(and)-278(venerate)-279(any)-278(performance)-279(in)-278(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(field)-318(so)-317(difficult)-318(as)-317(that)-318(of)-317(letters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.557 3.959 Td [(926)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.392 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-318(Pliny)-317(was)-318(not)-317(by)-318(any)]TJ -166.949 -13.549 Td [(means)-387(devoid)-387(of)-388(critical)-387(honesty)-387(and)-387(acumen.)-662(He)-387(could)-387(be)-387(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(severe)-276(judge)-276(of)-276(his)-276(own)-276(style.)-328(He)-276(expects)-276(candid)-276(criticism)-276(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-365(friends,)-393(and)-364(receives)-365(it)-364(with)-364(gratitude)-365(and)-364(good)-365(temper.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(927)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(This)-314(is)-314(to)-314(him,)-331(indeed,)-330(the)-314(practical)-314(purpose)-314(of)-314(readings)-314(before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(final)-409(publication.)-726(He)-409(made)-409(emendations)-409(and)-409(excisions)-409(in)-408(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Histories)-365(of)-365(Tacitus,)-393(which)-365(the)-364(great)-365(author)-365(had)-365(submitted)-364(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-369(revision.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.631 3.959 Td [(928)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.07 -3.959 Td [(In)-369(his)-369(correspondence)-368(with)-369(Tacitus,)-399(there)-369(is)-369(a)]TJ -73.701 -13.549 Td [(curious)-339(mixture)-340(of)-339(vanity)-340(along)-339(with)-340(a)-339(clear)-340(recognition)-339(of)-339(his)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 114.269 Td [(925)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.247 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.882 0 Td [(iii.)-396(18,)-311(5;)-323(viii.)-396(12,)-311(literarum)-299(senescentium)-299(reductor;)-323(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 210.441 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.37 0 Td [(i.)]TJ -275.896 -10.959 Td [(Prooem.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.871 0 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.889 0 Td [(88;)-250(cf.)-250(Sidon.)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 75.47 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(viii.)-250(8;)-250(ii.)-250(14;)-250(vii.)-250(15;)-250(ii.)-250(10,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -153.426 -7.311 Td [(926)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.936 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vi.)-250(17,)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.31 Td [(927)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.953 0 Td [(vii.)-250(17;)-250(v.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(928)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.953 0 Td [(vii.)-250(20;)-250(viii.)-250(7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 993 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 994 0 R /Resources 992 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 991 0 R >> endobj 995 0 obj << /D [993 0 R /XYZ 172.104 270.826 null] >> endobj 992 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 998 0 obj << /Length 6424 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(201)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(friend)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.051 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-263(immense)-263(superiority)-263(of)-263(genius,)-266(and)-263(a)-263(sure)-263(prescience)-262(of)]TJ -29.684 -13.549 Td [(his)-315(immortal)-314(fame.)-444(He)-314(is)-315(proud)-315(to)-314(hear)-315(their)-314(names)-315(coupled)-314(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chiefs)-332(of)-331(contemporary)-332(literature,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.688 3.959 Td [(929)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.292 -3.959 Td [(and)-332(he)-331(cherishes)-332(the)-331(hope)]TJ -164.98 -13.549 Td [(that,)-215(united)-205(by)-206(loyal)-206(friendship)-206(in)-206(life,)-214(they)-206(will)-206(go)-206(down)-205(together)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-228(a)-228(remote)-227(future.)-243(When,)-232(in)-228(the)-228(year)-228(106,)-232(Tacitus)-228(had)-228(asked)-227(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-253(an)-253(account)-253(of)-253(the)-253(elder)-252(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 140.764 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-253(death,)-253(in)-253(the)-253(great)-253(eruption)-253(of)]TJ -144.397 -13.549 Td [(Vesuvius,)-322(Pliny)-307(expressed)-308(a)-307(firm)-307(belief)-308(that)-307(the)-308(book)-307(on)-307(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus)-291(was)-290(then)-291(engaged)-291(was)-290(destined)-291(to)-291(an)-290(enduring)-291(fame.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(930)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(He)-273(was)-273(not)-273(quite)-274(so)-273(confident)-273(as)-273(to)-273(the)-273(immortality)-273(of)-273(Martial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.55 Td [(work,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.146 3.959 Td [(931)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.022 -3.959 Td [(although)-385(he)-385(appreciates)-385(to)-385(the)-385(full)-385(Martial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 191.837 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-385(brilliant)]TJ -237.637 -13.549 Td [(and)-353(pungent)-353(wit.)-560(On)-353(the)-353(other)-353(hand,)-379(writing)-353(to)-353(a)-353(friend)-353(about)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-340(death)-340(of)-340(Silius)-340(Italicus,)-362(he)-340(frankly)-340(recognises)-340(that)-340(the)-340(Epic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-292(the)-292(Punic)-292(War)-292(is)-292(a)-292(work)-292(of)-292(industry)-292(rather)-292(than)-292(of)-292(genius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(932)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Yet)-406(he)-406(cannot)-406(allow)-407(the)-406(author)-406(of)-406(this)-406(dull)-406(mechanical)-406(poem)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-362(pass)-361(away)-362(without)-361(some)-362(record)-361(of)-362(his)-362(career.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.261 3.959 Td [(933)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.832 -3.959 Td [(The)-362(death)]TJ -236.093 -13.549 Td [(at)-408(seventy-five)-408(of)-409(the)-408(last)-408(surviving)-408(consular)-408(of)-408(the)-408(Neronian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-362(of)-339(the)-339(consul)-339(in)-339(whose)-339(year)-340(of)-339(office)-339(the)-339(tyranny)-339(of)-339(Nero)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(closed,)-233(inspired)-229(a)-228(feeling)-229(of)-229(pathos)-228(which)-229(was)-229(probably)-228(genuine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-229(spite)-229(of)-229(the)-229(rather)-229(pompous)-229(and)-229(pedantic)-229(expression)-229(of)-229(it.)-243(And)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(although)-168(he)-168(wrote)-169(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 93.99 0 Td [(Punica)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 30.906 0 Td [(,)-185(a)-168(work)-168(which)-168(was)-168(almost)-168(buried)-169(till)]TJ -124.896 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(fifteenth)-298(century,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.223 3.959 Td [(934)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.827 -3.959 Td [(Silius)-297(was)-298(probably)-297(a)-297(not)-298(uninteresting)]TJ -108.05 -13.549 Td [(person.)-372(He)-290(had)-291(been)-290(a)-291(delator)-291(under)-290(Nero,)-301(and)-290(had)-291(enjoyed)-290(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([165])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(friendship)-248(of)-248(Vitellius,)-248(but)-248(he)-248(knew)-248(how)-248(to)-248(redeem)-248(his)-247(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-275(the)-275(Flavian)-275(dynasty,)-281(and)-275(he)-275(had)-275(filled)-275(the)-275(proconsulate)-275(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Asia)-194(with)-194(some)-194(credit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.341 3.959 Td [(935)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.977 -3.959 Td [(Henceforth)-194(he)-194(enjoyed)-194(the)-194(lettered)-194(ease)]TJ -111.318 -13.549 Td [(and)-379(social)-379(deference)-378(which)-379(were)-379(the)-378(privilege)-379(of)-379(his)-379(class)-378(for)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.483 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 158.67 Td [(929)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(20;)-250(ix.)-250(23,)-250(ad)-250(hoc)-250(illum)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 99.634 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(Tacitus)-250(es)-250(an)-250(Plinius?)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 77.954 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -205.227 -7.31 Td [(930)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(16,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(931)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.097 0 Td [(iii.)-633(21,)-410(6,)-410(at)-377(non)-378(erunt)-378(aeterna)-378(quae)-377(scripsit;)-442(non)-378(erunt)-377(fortasse;)-442(ille)]TJ -25.052 -10.959 Td [(tamen)-250(scripsit)-250(tanquam)-250(essent)-250(futura.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(932)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(7,)-250(scribebat)-250(carmina)-250(majore)-250(cura)-250(quam)-250(ingenio.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(933)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(vii.)-250(63;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.49 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iii.)-250(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -98.626 -7.311 Td [(934)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.276 0 Td [(Teuffel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.721 0 Td [(R.)-229(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.04 0 Td [(\247)-229(315,)-233(n.)-243(5,)-234(and)-229(the)-229(opinions)-229(collected)-229(by)-229(Mayor,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 176.675 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.243 0 Td [(iii.)]TJ -270.91 -10.959 Td [(p.)-250(120.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.394 Td [(935)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iii.)-250(7,)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 997 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 998 0 R /Resources 996 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 991 0 R >> endobj 999 0 obj << /D [997 0 R /XYZ 257.44 233.642 null] >> endobj 996 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1002 0 obj << /Length 5805 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(202)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(centuries.)-474(He)-325(retired)-325(finally)-325(to)-325(the)-324(shores)-325(of)-325(Campania,)-343(where,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moving)-268(from)-269(one)-268(villa)-269(to)-268(another,)-273(and)-269(surrounding)-268(himself)-268(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(books)-300(and)-300(gems)-300(of)-300(art,)-312(his)-300(life)-300(flowed)-300(away)-300(undisturbed)-300(by)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agony)-219(of)-218(Rome)-219(in)-219(the)-218(last)-219(terror)-218(of)-219(the)-219(Caesars.)-239(Among)-219(his)-218(many)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(estates)-276(he)-275(was)-276(the)-275(proud)-276(owner)-276(of)-275(one)-276(of)-275(Cicero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 212.458 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-276(villas,)-282(and)-275(of)]TJ -216.09 -13.549 Td [(the)-255(ground)-255(where)-255(Virgil)-255(sleeps.)-264(He)-255(used)-255(to)-255(keep)-255(the)-255(great)-254(poet)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(birthday)-293(with)-293(a)-292(scrupulous)-293(piety,)-303(and)-293(he)-293(always)-293(approached)-292(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tomb)-327(as)-327(a)-327(holy)-327(place.)-481(This)-327(apparently)-327(placid)-327(and)-327(fortunate)-326(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was,)-290(like)-281(so)-282(many)-282(in)-281(those)-282(days,)-289(ended)-282(by)-282(a)-281(voluntary)-282(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.958 Td [(936)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Silius)-438(Italicus,)-485(in)-438(his)-438(life)-438(and)-438(in)-438(his)-438(end,)-485(is)-438(a)-438(true)-438(type)-437(of)-438(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generation)-251(which)-250(could)-251(bend)-251(before)-251(the)-250(storm)-251(of)-251(despotism,)-250(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(save)-395(itself)-394(often)-395(by)-395(ignominious)-395(arts,)-430(which)-395(could)-395(recover)-394(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dignity)-330(and)-330(self-respect)-330(in)-330(the)-330(pursuit)-330(of)-330(literary)-330(ideals,)-350(and,)-349(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-211(last,)-218(assert)-211(the)-210(right)-211(to)-211(shake)-210(off)-211(the)-211(burden)-210(of)-211(existence)-210(when)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-250(became)-250(too)-250(heavy.)]TJ 11.956 -16.007 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.039 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-231(theory)-230(of)-231(life)-230(is)-231(clearly)-230(stated)-231(in)-230(the)-231(Letters,)-234(and)-231(it)-231(was)]TJ -38.628 -13.549 Td [(evidently)-352(acted)-353(on)-352(by)-353(a)-352(great)-353(number)-352(of)-353(the)-352(class)-353(to)-352(which)-352(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belonged.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.72 3.959 Td [(937)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.339 -3.959 Td [(The)-255(years)-255(of)-254(vigorous)-255(youth)-255(should)-255(be)-255(given)-255(to)-254(the)]TJ -58.059 -13.549 Td [(service)-317(of)-317(the)-317(state,)-334(in)-317(pursuing)-317(the)-317(well-marked)-316(and)-317(carefully-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(graduated)-275(career)-275(of)-275(honours,)-281(or)-275(in)-275(the)-275(strenuous)-275(oratorical)-275(strife)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-180(the)-179(law)-180(courts.)-226(The)-180(leisure)-179(of)-180(later)-179(years)-180(might)-179(be)-180(portioned)-179(out)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(between)-298(social)-298(duty,)-309(the)-298(pleasures)-298(or)-298(the)-297(cares)-298(of)-298(a)-298(rural)-297(estate,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-334(the)-334(cultivation)-334(of)-333(literary)-334(taste)-334(by)-334(reading)-334(and)-334(imitation)-333(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-321(great)-321(masters.)-462(The)-321(last)-321(was)-321(the)-321(most)-321(imperious)-321(duty)-321(of)-320(all,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-235(those)-235(with)-236(any)-235(literary)-235(gifts,)-238(because)-236(charm)-235(of)-235(style)-235(gives)-235(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-290(hope)-290(of)-290(surviving)-290(the)-290(wreck)-291(of)-290(time;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.912 3.959 Td [(938)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.836 -3.959 Td [(for)-290(mere)-290(cultivated)]TJ -196.748 -13.549 Td [(facility,)-306(as)-295(the)-295(most)-295(refined)-295(and)-295(creditable)-295(way)-295(of)-295(filling)-295(up)-295(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vacant)-383(spaces)-382(of)-383(life.)-648(Even)-382(if)-383(lasting)-383(fame)-382(was)-383(beyond)-382(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(reach,)-219(it)-210(was)-211(something)-210(to)-211(be)-211(able)-210(to)-211(give)-211(pleasure)-210(to)-211(an)-210(audience)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-369(cultivated)-369(friends)-369(at)-369(a)-369(reading,)-399(and)-369(to)-369(enjoy)-369(the)-369(triumph)-369(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 103.149 Td [(936)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.33 0 Td [(Mayor,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.281 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.297 0 Td [(iii.)-245(p.)-245(114,)-238(for)-235(a)-235(learned)-236(note)-235(on)-235(suicide)-235(in)-235(the)-235(early)-235(Empire.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.615 -7.31 Td [(937)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Pliny,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.158 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.117 0 Td [(iv.)-238(23,)-221(3.)-237(For)-214(a)-213(similar)-214(ideal)-213(in)-214(the)-213(fifth)-214(century,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 170.052 0 Td [(v.)-213(Roman)-214(Society)]TJ -219.283 -10.959 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(Last)-250(Century)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Western)-250(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 151.676 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(165)-250(\0501st)-250(ed.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -151.427 -7.311 Td [(938)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(v.)-250(8,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1001 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1002 0 R /Resources 1000 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 991 0 R >> endobj 1000 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1005 0 obj << /Length 6102 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(203)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(an)-328(hour.)-485(There)-328(must)-328(have)-329(been)-328(many)-328(a)-328(literary)-328(coterie)-329(who,)-347(if)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([166])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(they)-386(fed)-385(one)-386(another)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.808 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-386(vanity,)-419(also)-386(encouraged)-386(literary)-385(ideals,)]TJ -97.441 -13.549 Td [(and)-343(hinted)-344(gentle)-343(criticism,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 121.835 3.959 Td [(939)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.454 -3.959 Td [(in)-343(that)-344(polite)-343(delicacy)-344(of)-343(phrase)]TJ -138.289 -13.549 Td [(in)-289(which)-289(the)-289(Roman)-289(was)-289(always)-289(an)-289(adept.)-367(One)-289(of)-289(these)-289(literary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(circles)-302(stands)-301(out)-302(in)-301(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 114.374 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-302(pages.)-404(At)-302(least)-301(two)-302(of)-302(its)-301(members)]TJ -118.007 -13.549 Td [(had)-205(held)-204(great)-205(office.)-234(Arrius)-205(Antoninus,)-213(the)-205(maternal)-204(grandfather)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-165(the)-165(Emperor)-165(Antoninus)-165(Pius,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.771 3.959 Td [(940)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.438 -3.959 Td [(had)-165(twice)-165(borne)-165(the)-165(consulship)]TJ -149.209 -13.549 Td [(with)-383(antique)-382(dignity,)-416(and)-383(shown)-382(himself)-383(a)-382(model)-383(governor)-382(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proconsul)-344(of)-345(Asia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.349 3.958 Td [(941)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.266 -3.958 Td [(He)-344(was)-345(devoted)-344(to)-344(Greek)-345(literature,)-367(and)]TJ -100.615 -13.55 Td [(seems)-309(to)-308(have)-309(preferred)-309(to)-308(compose)-309(in)-308(that)-309(language.)-426(We)-308(need)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-394(accept)-394(literally)-394(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.678 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-394(praises)-394(of)-394(his)-394(Atticism,)-430(and)-394(of)-394(the)]TJ -115.311 -13.549 Td [(grace)-202(and)-203(sweetness)-202(of)-203(his)-202(Greek)-203(epigrams.)-234(But)-202(he)-203(seems)-202(to)-202(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-207(a)-208(facility)-207(which)-207(Pliny)-208(tortured)-207(his)-207(ingenuity)-208(in)-207(vain)-207(to)-207(imitate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-394(the)-395(poorer)-394(resources)-394(of)-394(the)-395(Latin)-394(tongue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.369 3.958 Td [(942)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.902 -3.958 Td [(Among)-394(the)]TJ -230.271 -13.55 Td [(friends)-205(of)-204(Antoninus)-205(was)-204(Vestricius)-205(Spurinna,)-213(who)-205(had)-204(defended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Placentia)-312(for)-312(Otho,)-328(who)-312(was)-312(twice)-312(consul)-312(under)-312(Domitian,)-327(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-273(selected)-274(by)-273(Trajan)-273(to)-274(command)-273(the)-273(troops)-274(in)-273(a)-273(campaign)-273(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Germany.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.32 3.959 Td [(943)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.984 -3.959 Td [(This)-274(dignified)-275(veteran,)-281(who)-274(had)-275(passed)-274(apparently)]TJ -59.304 -13.549 Td [(untainted)-335(through)-335(the)-334(reigns)-335(of)-335(the)-335(worst)-335(emperors,)-356(varied)-334(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lightened)-273(the)-272(ordinary)-273(routine)-273(of)-272(his)-273(old)-273(age)-272(by)-273(the)-272(composition)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-248(lyrics,)-248(both)-248(in)-248(Greek)-248(and)-248(Latin,)-249(which)-248(seemed)-248(to)-247(his)-248(admirers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-457(have)-456(a)-456(singular)-457(sweetness.)-869(Sentius)-457(Augurinus,)-508(a)-456(familiar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friend)-307(of)-308(the)-307(two)-307(consulars,)-322(was)-307(also)-308(a)-307(brilliant)-308(verse)-307(writer,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(944)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(who)-376(could)-375(enthral)-376(Pliny)-375(by)-376(a)-375(recitation)-376(lasting)-375(for)-376(three)-375(days,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-278(the)-278(fact)-279(that)-278(Pliny)-278(was)-278(the)-278(subject)-279(of)-278(one)-278(of)-278(the)-278(poems)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(may)-392(account)-392(for)-392(the)-392(patience)-391(or)-392(the)-392(pleasure.)-676(One)-392(of)-391(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(dearest)-190(friends)-190(was)-191(Passennus)-190(Paullus,)-202(who)-190(claimed)-190(kindred)-190(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.279 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 147.467 Td [(939)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(For)-250(a)-250(good)-250(example)-250(cf.)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 104.099 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iii.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -130.25 -7.311 Td [(940)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.889 0 Td [(Ant.)-250(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.494 -7.31 Td [(941)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iv.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.087 -7.311 Td [(942)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(18;)-250(cf.)-250(viii.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(943)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.9 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.089 0 Td [(ii.)-470(11;)-361(ii.)-470(18,)-342(36;)-360(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 87.455 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.104 0 Td [(i.)-470(5;)-361(ii.)-470(7;)-360(iii.)-471(1,)-342(scribit)-323(et)-324(quidem)]TJ -154.503 -10.958 Td [(utraqua)-235(lingua,)-238(lyra)-235(doctissima.)-245(Spurinna)-235(was)-235(77,)-238(at)-236(the)-235(date)-235(of)-235(this)-235(letter,)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 264.651 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -264.651 -10.959 Td [(101-102;)-250(Momms.)-250(p.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(944)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iv.)-250(27;)-250(cf.)-250(ix.)-250(8.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1004 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1005 0 R /Resources 1003 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 991 0 R >> endobj 1006 0 obj << /D [1004 0 R /XYZ 142.48 518.175 null] >> endobj 1003 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1009 0 obj << /Length 6370 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(204)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-312(poet)-312(Propertius,)-328(and,)-327(at)-312(any)-313(rate,)-327(came)-312(from)-312(the)-312(same)-312(town)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-346(Umbria.)-537(Passennus)-346(has)-345(been)-346(cruelly)-346(treated)-345(by)-346(Time,)-370(if)-345(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lyric)-426(efforts)-425(recalled,)-470(as)-425(we)-426(are)-425(asked)-426(to)-425(believe,)-470(the)-425(literary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(graces)-344(of)-345(his)-344(ancestor,)-368(and)-345(even)-344(those)-344(of)-345(Horace.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.757 3.958 Td [(945)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.27 -3.958 Td [(Vergilius)]TJ -240.027 -13.55 Td [(Romanus)-317(devoted)-316(himself)-317(to)-316(comedy,)-333(and)-317(was)-316(thought)-317(to)-316(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reproduced)-251(not)-251(unworthily)-251(the)-251(delicate)-251(charms)-251(of)-251(Menander)-251(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Terence,)-230(as)-226(well)-225(as)-226(the)-225(scathing)-226(invective)-225(of)-226(older)-225(Greek)-225(masters)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([167])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-242(the)-243(art.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.944 3.959 Td [(946)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.154 -3.959 Td [(But)-242(there)-243(were)-242(others)-243(of)-242(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.78 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-242(circle)-243(who)-242(essayed)]TJ -191.51 -13.549 Td [(a)-427(loftier)-428(and)-427(weightier)-427(style.)-782(Probably)-428(the)-427(foremost)-427(of)-427(these)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-287(Titinius)-287(Capito,)-297(who,)-297(as)-287(an)-287(inscription)-287(records,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.271 3.959 Td [(947)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.688 -3.959 Td [(had)-287(held)]TJ -242.959 -13.549 Td [(high)-386(civil)-386(office)-386(under)-386(Domitian,)-420(Nerva,)-420(and)-386(Trajan.)-658(He)-385(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-419(enthusiastic)-419(patron)-419(of)-419(letters,)-461(and)-419(readily)-419(offered)-419(his)-418(halls)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-365(literary)-365(friends)-365(for)-364(their)-365(recitations,)-394(which)-365(he)-365(attended)-364(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(punctilious)-281(politeness.)-343(Cherishing)-281(the)-281(memory)-281(of)-281(the)-281(great)-280(men)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-193(the)-193(Republic,)-205(the)-193(Cassii,)-205(the)-193(Bruti,)-204(and)-194(the)-193(Catos,)-204(he)-193(composed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-199(work)-198(on)-199(the)-198(death)-199(of)-199(the)-198(noble)-199(victims)-198(of)-199(the)-198(Terror.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.754 3.959 Td [(948)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.993 -3.959 Td [(He)-199(tried)]TJ -245.747 -13.549 Td [(in)-283(vain)-284(to)-283(draw)-283(Pliny)-283(into)-284(the)-283(field)-283(of)-284(historical)-283(composition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(949)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(But)-233(the)-233(man)-233(who)-232(thought)-233(more)-233(of)-233(style)-233(and)-233(graceful)-233(charity)-232(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-271(truth,)-276(was)-271(not)-271(the)-270(man)-271(to)-271(write)-271(the)-271(history)-270(of)-271(such)-271(a)-271(time.)-312(He)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-260(done)-260(a)-261(much)-260(greater)-260(service)-260(in)-260(providing)-260(priceless)-260(materials)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-253(the)-252(reconstruction)-253(of)-253(its)-253(social)-252(history.)-258(Caninius)-253(Rufus)-253(was)-252(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(neighbour)-299(of)-300(Pliny)-299(at)-299(Como.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 126.7 3.959 Td [(950)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.794 -3.959 Td [(He)-299(was)-300(one)-299(of)-299(those)-300(for)-299(whom)]TJ -143.494 -13.549 Td [(the)-283(charms)-283(of)-283(country)-283(life)-283(had)-283(a)-283(dangerous)-283(seduction.)-349(His)-282(villa,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-344(its)-343(colonnades,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.016 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(where)-344(it)-343(was)-344(always)-344(spring,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.971 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.593 0 Td [(the)-344(shining)]TJ -231.423 -13.55 Td [(levels)-362(of)-362(the)-362(lake)-362(beneath)-362(his)-362(verandah,)-390(the)-362(water)-362(course)-361(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-239(emerald)-239(banks,)-241(the)-239(baths)-239(and)-239(spacious)-239(halls,)-241(all)-239(these)-238(delights)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seem)-356(to)-357(have)-356(relaxed)-356(the)-357(literary)-356(energy)-356(and)-357(ambition)-356(of)-356(their)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.447 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 147.551 Td [(945)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(15;)-250(ix.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(946)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vi.)-250(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.311 Td [(947)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.542 0 Td [(vi.)-459(798;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.45 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.069 0 Td [(801.)-459(He)-319(was)-320(Secretary)-320(\050ab)-319(Epistulis\051)-320(under)-319(Domitian,)]TJ -83.017 -10.959 Td [(Nerva,)-250(and)-250(Trajan;)-250(cf.)-250(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 105.561 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(91,)-250(93,)-250(115.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -133.7 -7.31 Td [(948)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.509 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.635 0 Td [(i.)-314(17;)-282(viii.)-313(12.)-314(Cf.)-314(C.)-271(Fannius,)-276(who)-272(wrote)-271(a)-271(history)-271(of)-271(the)-272(victims)]TJ -46.099 -10.959 Td [(of)-250(Nero,)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.055 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(v.)-250(5.)-250(He)-250(died)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.311 0 Td [(circ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(106,)-250(Mac\351,)-250(p.)-250(82.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -131.987 -7.311 Td [(949)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.936 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(v.)-250(8.)-250(For)-250(similar)-250(unwillingness,)-250(cf.)-250(Sidon.)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 175.849 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iv.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -235.382 -7.394 Td [(950)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.936 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(i.)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1008 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1009 0 R /Resources 1007 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 991 0 R >> endobj 1010 0 obj << /D [1008 0 R /XYZ 311.736 436.88 null] >> endobj 1007 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1013 0 obj << /Length 6209 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(205)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(master.)-388(Caninius)-296(meditated)-296(the)-296(composition)-296(of)-296(a)-296(Greek)-296(epic)-295(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-274(Dacian)-274(wars)-274(of)-274(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.062 3.959 Td [(951)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.963 -3.959 Td [(But)-274(he)-274(was)-274(probably)-274(one)-274(of)-273(those)]TJ -133.025 -13.549 Td [(lingering,)-442(dilatory)-404(writers)-404(who)-403(meet)-404(us)-404(in)-404(Martial,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.626 3.959 Td [(952)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.277 -3.959 Td [(waiting)]TJ -247.903 -13.549 Td [(for)-402(the)-403(fire)-402(from)-403(heaven)-402(which)-402(never)-403(comes.)-707(The)-402(intractable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(roughness)-324(of)-323(barbarian)-324(names,)-342(which,)-341(as)-324(Pliny)-324(suggests,)-341(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-208(been)-209(eluded)-208(by)-208(a)-209(Homeric)-208(licence)-208(in)-209(quantity,)-216(was)-208(probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-250(the)-250(only)-250(difficulty)-250(of)-250(Caninius.)]TJ 11.956 -15.229 Td [(Among)-324(the)-324(literary)-325(friends)-324(of)-324(Pliny,)-343(a)-324(much)-324(more)-324(important)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(person)-733(than)-733(Caninius)-733(was)-733(Suetonius,)-854(but)-733(Suetonius)-733(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(apparently)-452(long)-452(paralysed)-452(by)-452(the)-452(same)-452(cautious)-452(hesitation)-452(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(challenge)-212(the)-211(verdict)-212(of)-212(the)-211(public.)-237(A)-212(younger)-212(man)-211(than)-212(Pliny,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(953)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Suetonius)-473(was)-472(one)-473(of)-472(his)-473(most)-472(intimate)-472(friends.)-918(They)-472(both)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([168])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(belonged)-279(to)-278(that)-279(circle)-278(which)-278(nursed)-279(the)-278(senatorial)-279(tradition)-278(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-315(hatred)-315(of)-315(the)-315(imperial)-315(tyrants.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.979 3.958 Td [(954)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.31 -3.958 Td [(The)-315(life)-315(of)-315(Suetonius)-315(was)]TJ -166.289 -13.55 Td [(not)-429(very)-430(effectual)-429(or)-430(brilliant,)-474(from)-430(a)-429(worldly)-430(point)-429(of)-429(view.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Although)-371(born)-371(within)-371(the)-370(rank)-371(to)-371(which)-371(every)-371(distinction)-370(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(open,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.935 3.959 Td [(955)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.712 -3.959 Td [(he)-289(was)-289(a)-289(man)-289(of)-289(modest)-289(and)-289(retiring)-289(tastes,)-298(devoted)-289(to)]TJ -39.647 -13.549 Td [(quiet)-287(research,)-296(and)-287(destitute)-286(of)-287(the)-287(eager)-287(ambition)-287(and)-286(vigorous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(self-assertion)-282(which)-281(are)-282(necessary)-281(for)-282(splendid)-281(success.)-345(He)-281(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(probably)-359(for)-359(some)-360(years)-359(a)-359(professor)-359(of)-359(grammar.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.61 3.959 Td [(956)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.753 -3.959 Td [(He)-359(made)]TJ -240.363 -13.549 Td [(a)-346(half-hearted)-347(attempt)-346(to)-346(gain)-346(a)-347(footing)-346(at)-346(the)-346(bar.)-539(In)-347(101)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 264.652 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.652 -13.549 Td [(he)-336(obtained)-335(a)-335(military)-336(tribunate,)-357(through)-335(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 207.94 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-335(influence,)-357(but)]TJ -211.573 -13.549 Td [(speedily)-452(renounced)-452(his)-452(command.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.072 3.959 Td [(957)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.791 -3.959 Td [(Henceforth)-452(he)-452(devoted)]TJ -176.863 -13.549 Td [(himself)-356(entirely)-357(to)-356(that)-356(historical)-357(research,)-383(which,)-382(if)-357(it)-356(has)-356(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(won)-380(for)-380(him)-379(any)-380(dazzling)-380(fame,)-412(has)-380(made)-380(historical)-379(students,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-359(spite)-359(of)-359(some)-359(reservations)-360(as)-359(to)-359(his)-359(sources,)-386(his)-359(debtors)-359(for)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.985 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 159.089 Td [(951)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(viii.)-250(4;)-250(ix.)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.395 Td [(952)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iv.)-250(33;)-250(vi.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -7.394 Td [(953)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.212 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.042 0 Td [(p.)-455(13,)-335(puts)-318(his)-318(birth)-319(in)-318(77)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 97.574 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(;)-352(but)-319(cf.)-454(Mac\351,)-336(p.)-454(35,)-336(who)]TJ -181.761 -10.959 Td [(places)-317(it)-318(in)-317(the)-318(year)-317(69;)-351(see)-318(too)-317(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 141.862 0 Td [(Gesch.)-452(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.256 0 Td [(ii.)-452(67.)-453(The)-317(indications)-318(in)]TJ -188.118 -10.959 Td [(Suet.)-250(are)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.614 0 Td [(Domit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.9 0 Td [(xii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(Ill.)-250(Gramm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.33 0 Td [(iv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.951 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(lvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -152.923 -7.394 Td [(954)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mac\351,)-250(p.)-250(83;)-250(Peter,)-250(ii.)-250(69;)-250(cf.)-250(Krause,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 134.468 0 Td [(De)-250(Sueton.)-250(Fontibus.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -146.174 -7.394 Td [(955)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(For)-250(the)-250(authorities,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.233 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.465 0 Td [(Mac\351,)-250(p.)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -90.404 -7.395 Td [(956)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(From)-250(97)-250(to)-250(101)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 57.788 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(pp.)-250(53-57.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -101.414 -7.394 Td [(957)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iii.)-250(8.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1012 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1013 0 R /Resources 1011 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1015 0 R >> endobj 1014 0 obj << /D [1012 0 R /XYZ 308.005 367.454 null] >> endobj 1011 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1018 0 obj << /Length 6204 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(206)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(all)-346(time.)-537(Pliny)-345(had)-346(the)-345(greatest)-346(esteem)-346(for)-345(Suetonius,)-370(and)-345(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(always)-246(ready)-245(to)-246(befriend)-246(him,)-246(whether)-246(it)-246(were)-245(in)-246(the)-246(purchase)-245(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-191(quiet)-191(little)-191(retreat)-191(near)-192(Rome,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.518 3.959 Td [(958)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.667 -3.959 Td [(or)-191(in)-191(obtaining)-191(for)-191(the)-191(childless)]TJ -147.185 -13.549 Td [(antiquary)-273(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 60.491 0 Td [(Jus)-273(trium)-273(liberorum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 90.752 0 Td [(from)-273(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.385 3.958 Td [(959)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.933 -3.958 Td [(The)-273(two)-273(men)]TJ -222.561 -13.55 Td [(were)-313(bound)-313(to)-313(one)-313(another)-312(by)-313(many)-313(tastes)-313(and)-313(sympathies,)-328(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(least)-318(strong)-318(being)-317(a)-318(curious)-318(superstition,)-335(which)-318(infected,)-334(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-379(shall)-379(see)-379(in)-379(a)-379(later)-379(chapter,)-411(even)-379(the)-379(most)-379(vigorous)-378(minds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-484(that)-485(age.)-953(Suetonius)-484(had)-485(once)-484(a)-484(dream)-485(which)-484(seemed)-484(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(portend)-370(failure)-371(in)-370(some)-370(legal)-370(cause)-370(in)-371(which)-370(he)-370(was)-370(engaged.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-272(sought)-271(the)-272(aid)-271(of)-272(Pliny)-271(to)-272(obtain)-272(an)-271(adjournment.)-315(Pliny)-271(does)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-280(question)-281(the)-280(reality)-280(of)-280(such)-281(warnings,)-288(but)-280(merely)-280(suggests)-280(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-278(cheering)-278(interpretation)-278(of)-278(the)-279(vision.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 185.744 3.959 Td [(960)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.1 -3.959 Td [(Although)-278(devoted)]TJ -201.844 -13.549 Td [(to)-304(research,)-317(and)-303(a)-304(most)-303(laborious)-304(student,)-317(the)-303(biographer)-304(of)-303(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Caesars)-402(was)-402(strangely)-402(tardy)-401(in)-402(letting)-402(his)-402(productions)-402(see)-401(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(light.)-441(In)-314(106,)-329(he)-314(had)-314(been)-313(long)-314(engaged)-314(on)-313(a)-314(work,)-330(which)-313(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-422(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 61.322 0 Td [(De)-422(Viris)-422(Illustribus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 88.006 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(961)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.812 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-422(assailed)-422(him)-422(with)]TJ -172.867 -13.549 Td [(bantering)-246(reproaches)-245(on)-246(his)-245(endless)-246(use)-245(of)-246(the)-245(file,)-246(and)-246(begs)-245(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-375(publish)-375(without)-375(delay.)-625(From)-375(several)-375(indications,)-406(it)-375(appears)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-325(the)-325(lingering)-325(volume)-324(did)-325(not)-325(appear)-325(till)-325(113.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.342 3.958 Td [(962)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.63 -3.958 Td [(It)-325(was)-325(not)]TJ -235.972 -13.55 Td [(till)-345(the)-344(year)-345(118,)-368(when)-344(Hadrian)-345(arrived)-344(from)-345(the)-344(East)-345(after)-344(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([169])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(accession,)-239(that)-237(Suetonius)-236(attained)-237(the)-236(rank)-237(of)-236(one)-237(of)-236(the)-236(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(secretaryships.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.527 3.959 Td [(963)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.46 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-350(in)-350(all)-351(probability)-350(had)-350(died)-350(some)-350(years)]TJ -82.987 -13.549 Td [(before)-250(the)-250(elevation)-250(of)-250(his)-250(friend.)]TJ 11.955 -14.294 Td [(But)-507(although)-507(the)-507(dawn)-507(of)-507(a)-507(new)-507(age)-507(of)-507(milder)-507(and)-507(less)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(suspicious)-399(government)-398(had,)-436(for)-399(the)-398(first)-399(time)-399(since)-398(Augustus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(left)-412(men)-412(free)-411(to)-412(compose)-412(a)-412(true)-411(record)-412(of)-412(the)-412(past,)-452(and)-411(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-332(vilify)-331(the)-332(early)-332(Caesars,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 118.392 3.958 Td [(964)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.294 -3.958 Td [(the)-332(great)-331(mass)-332(of)-332(cultivated)-331(men)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.607 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 147.711 Td [(958)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.033 0 Td [(i.)-277(24;)-264(of)-259(the)-259(year)-259(97.)-278(On)-259(the)-259(meaning)-259(of)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 145.122 0 Td [(contubernalis)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.315 0 Td [(,)-261(Suetonius)-259(being)]TJ -218.426 -10.959 Td [(28,)-250(and)-250(Pliny)-250(35)-250(years)-250(of)-250(age,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 108.825 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.465 0 Td [(Mac\351,)-250(p.)-250(50.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -117.041 -7.394 Td [(959)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.135 0 Td [(94;)-250(cf.)-250(Mac\351,)-250(p.)-250(50.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -62.779 -7.311 Td [(960)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.31 Td [(961)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mac\351,)-250(p.)-250(68;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.001 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(v.)-250(10;)-250(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.044 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(p.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -168.627 -7.311 Td [(962)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mac\351,)-250(p.)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(963)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mac\351,)-250(p.)-250(90.)-250(For)-250(the)-250(disgrace)-250(of)-250(Suetonius,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 156.391 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.412 0 Td [(xi.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -223.385 -7.311 Td [(964)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.936 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.393 0 Td [(53.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1017 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1018 0 R /Resources 1016 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1015 0 R >> endobj 1019 0 obj << /D [1017 0 R /XYZ 273.099 260.74 null] >> endobj 1016 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1022 0 obj << /Length 5641 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(207)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-330(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.127 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-330(time,)-350(as)-330(in)-330(the)-330(days)-330(of)-330(Ausonius)-330(and)-330(Sidonius,)-349(were)]TJ -38.76 -13.549 Td [(devoted)-382(to)-383(poetry.)-647(The)-382(chief)-383(cause)-382(in)-382(giving)-383(this)-382(direction)-382(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-426(Roman)-427(mind)-426(was)-426(undoubtedly)-426(the)-427(system)-426(pursued)-426(in)-426(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(schools.)-241(In)-223(the)-222(first)-223(century,)-228(as)-223(in)-223(the)-222(fifth,)-228(the)-223(formative)-223(years)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(boyhood)-281(were)-281(devoted)-281(almost)-281(entirely)-281(to)-281(the)-281(study)-281(of)-281(the)-281(poets.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-369(subject-matter)-369(of)-369(their)-369(masterpieces)-369(was)-369(not)-369(neglected)-369(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-229(accomplished)-229(grammarian,)-233(who)-228(was)-229(often)-229(a)-229(man)-229(of)-228(learning,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-383(sometimes)-384(a)-383(man)-384(of)-383(taste;)-450(and)-384(the)-383(reading)-384(of)-383(poetry)-383(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-275(the)-274(text)-274(for)-275(disquisitions)-274(on)-275(geography)-274(and)-275(astronomy,)-280(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mythology)-229(or)-230(the)-229(antiquities)-230(of)-229(religious)-230(ritual)-229(and)-229(constitutional)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lore.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 19.691 3.959 Td [(965)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.928 -3.959 Td [(But)-181(style)-180(and)-181(expression)-180(were)-181(always)-180(of)-181(foremost)-180(interest)]TJ -34.619 -13.549 Td [(in)-288(these)-288(studies.)-365(The)-288(ear)-288(of)-288(the)-289(South)-288(has)-288(always)-288(felt)-288(the)-288(charm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-287(rhythmical)-287(or)-286(melodious)-287(speech,)-296(with)-287(a)-287(keenness)-287(of)-286(pleasure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generally)-298(denied)-298(to)-298(our)-298(colder)-298(temperament.)-394(And)-298(the)-297(Augustan)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(age)-225(had,)-229(in)-225(a)-225(single)-225(generation,)-229(performed)-225(miracles,)-230(under)-224(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inspiration,)-369(in)-345(moulding)-345(the)-345(Latin)-346(tongue)-345(to)-345(be)-345(the)-345(apt)-345(vehicle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-311(every)-311(mood)-310(of)-311(poetic)-311(feeling.)-432(That)-311(inspired)-311(band)-311(of)-310(writers,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whose)-369(call)-370(it)-369(was)-369(to)-370(glorify)-369(the)-369(dawn)-370(of)-369(a)-369(world-wide)-369(empire)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-381(the)-380(ancient)-381(achievements)-381(of)-380(the)-381(Latin)-380(race,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.371 3.958 Td [(966)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.962 -3.958 Td [(rose)-381(to)-380(the)]TJ -232.333 -13.55 Td [(full)-437(height)-438(of)-437(their)-438(vocation.)-812(They)-437(were)-438(conscious)-437(that)-437(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-293(writing)-293(for)-293(distant)-292(provinces)-293(won)-293(from)-293(barbarism,)-304(and)-292(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-346(remote)-347(posterity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.606 3.959 Td [(967)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.336 -3.959 Td [(They)-346(discovered)-347(and)-346(revealed)-347(resources)]TJ -101.942 -13.549 Td [(in)-255(the)-255(language,)-256(hitherto)-255(undreamt)-255(of.)-265(They)-255(wedded)-255(to)-255(its)-255(native)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dignity)-229(and)-228(strength)-229(a)-228(brilliancy,)-233(an)-229(easy)-228(grace)-229(and)-228(sprightliness,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-303(positively)-304(ravished)-303(the)-303(ear)-303(of)-303(the)-304(street)-303(boys)-303(in)-303(Pompeii,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-267(of)-267(the)-267(rude)-267(dweller)-267(on)-267(the)-267(Tanais)-266(or)-267(the)-267(Baetis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.468 3.959 Td [(968)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.735 -3.959 Td [(In)-267(his)-267(own)]TJ -234.203 -13.549 Td [(lifetime)-164(Virgil)-165(became)-164(a)-165(popular)-164(hero.)-221(His)-165(Eclogues)-164(were)-164(chanted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-318(the)-318(stage;)-352(verses)-318(of)-318(the)-318(Aeneid)-318(can)-318(still)-318(be)-318(seen,)-335(along)-318(with)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([170])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(verses)-235(of)-235(Propertius,)-238(scrawled)-235(on)-235(the)-235(walls)-235(of)-235(Campanian)-234(towns.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.269 Td [(965)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(See)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.627 0 Td [(Roman)-299(Society)-299(in)-298(the)-299(Last)-299(Century)-299(of)-299(the)-299(Western)-298(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 211.395 0 Td [(,)-311(p.)-397(348)-298(sq.)]TJ -238.978 -10.959 Td [(\0501st)-250(ed.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.311 Td [(966)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Virg.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(vi.)-250(848)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.05 -7.31 Td [(967)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Trist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.429 0 Td [(iv.)-250(128;)-250(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.069 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.909 0 Td [(ii.)-250(20;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.073 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(p.)-250(299.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -215.951 -7.311 Td [(968)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.127 0 Td [(\050Tr.\051,)-250(486,)-250(488;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.277 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(4967.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1021 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1022 0 R /Resources 1020 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1015 0 R >> endobj 1023 0 obj << /D [1021 0 R /XYZ 107.242 152.347 null] >> endobj 1020 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1026 0 obj << /Length 6351 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(208)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Virgil,)-240(when)-238(he)-237(visited)-238(Rome,)-240(was)-238(mobbed)-237(by)-238(admiring)-237(crowds.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(When)-313(his)-313(poetry)-314(was)-313(recited)-313(in)-313(the)-313(theatre,)-329(the)-313(whole)-313(audience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rose)-437(to)-437(their)-437(feet)-436(as)-437(if)-437(to)-437(salute)-437(the)-437(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208 3.959 Td [(969)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.295 -3.959 Td [(He)-437(had)-437(the)]TJ -229.295 -13.549 Td [(doubtful)-285(but)-286(significant)-285(honour)-286(of)-285(being)-286(recited)-285(by)-285(Alexandrian)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(boys)-226(at)-227(the)-226(coarse)-227(orgies)-226(of)-226(a)-227(Trimalchio.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.763 3.959 Td [(970)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.095 -3.959 Td [(Never)-226(was)-227(a)-226(worthy)]TJ -193.858 -13.549 Td [(fame)-353(so)-354(rapidly)-353(and)-353(splendidly)-354(won:)-456(seldom)-354(has)-353(literary)-353(fame)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(influence)-250(been)-250(so)-250(lasting.)]TJ 11.956 -18.875 Td [(The)-416(Flavian)-416(age)-417(succeeded)-416(to)-416(this)-416(great)-417(heritage.)-748(Already)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(there)-280(were)-281(ominous)-280(signs)-280(of)-281(a)-280(decay)-280(of)-281(originality)-280(and)-281(force,)-287(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decadence)-383(in)-384(the)-383(language)-384(itself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.903 3.959 Td [(971)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.547 -3.959 Td [(The)-383(controversy)-384(between)]TJ -167.45 -13.549 Td [(the)-403(lovers)-404(of)-403(the)-404(new)-403(and)-404(the)-403(lovers)-404(of)-403(the)-404(archaic)-403(style)-403(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(raging)-257(in)-258(the)-257(reign)-257(of)-258(Vespasian,)-259(and)-257(can)-257(be)-258(still)-257(followed)-257(in)-257(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(De)-367(Oratoribus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 69.216 0 Td [(of)-367(Tacitus,)-396(or)-367(even)-367(in)-366(the)-367(verses)-367(of)-367(Martial.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.961 3.959 Td [(972)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Already)-229(the)-230(taste)-229(for)-230(Ennius)-229(and)-229(the)-230(prae-Ciceronian)-229(oratory)-229(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(set)-314(in,)-331(for)-314(the)-315(dialect)-314(of)-315(the)-314(heroes)-314(of)-315(the)-314(Punic)-315(Wars,)-330(even)-314(for)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-278(Latin)-279(of)-278(the)-278(Twelve)-278(Tables,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.485 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.958 Td [(973)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.489 -3.958 Td [(a)-278(taste)-279(which)-278(was)-278(destined)]TJ -163.661 -13.55 Td [(to)-340(produce)-339(its)-340(Dead)-340(Sea)-339(fruit)-340(in)-340(the)-339(age)-340(of)-340(the)-339(Antonines.)-519(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whoever)-386(might)-385(cavil)-386(at)-385(Cicero,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 140.741 3.959 Td [(974)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.029 -3.959 Td [(no)-386(one)-385(ever)-386(questioned)-385(the)]TJ -157.77 -13.549 Td [(pre-eminence)-245(of)-244(Virgil,)-246(and)-244(he)-245(and)-245(his)-244(contemporaries)-245(were)-244(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-419(models)-419(of)-420(a)-419(host)-419(of)-419(imitators.)-758(The)-419(mass)-419(of)-419(facile)-419(talent,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thrown)-440(back)-440(on)-440(itself)-440(by)-440(the)-440(loss)-440(of)-440(free)-440(republican)-440(life)-440(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(public)-254(interests,)-255(fascinated)-255(from)-254(earliest)-254(infancy)-254(by)-254(the)-254(haunting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cadences)-235(of)-234(the)-235(grand)-235(style,)-238(rushed)-234(into)-235(verse-writing,)-238(to)-234(beguile)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 198.115 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 191.303 Td [(969)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.524 0 Td [(De)-458(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.875 0 Td [(13,)-510(auditis)-459(in)-458(theatro)-458(Virgilii)-458(versibus)-458(surrexit)-459(universus)]TJ -66.355 -10.959 Td [(populus,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(970)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(68.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.543 -7.311 Td [(971)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.914 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.375 0 Td [(iii.)-247(18,)-244(4;)-245(viii.)-248(12,)-243(1;)-245(cf.)-248(Seneca)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 110.311 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-242(complaints)-243(of)-242(his)-242(time,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 89.835 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.376 0 Td [(95,)-244(\247)]TJ -262.753 -10.959 Td [(23;)-250(100;)-250(Petron.)-250(83-4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(972)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.364 0 Td [(Dial.)-634(de)-378(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.311 0 Td [(20;)-442(Mart.)-634(v.)-633(10;)-442(cf.)-634(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 107.36 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.042 0 Td [(86,)-410(Cacozelos)-378(et)]TJ -219.033 -10.959 Td [(antiquarios,)-219(ut)-212(diverso)-212(genere)-212(vitiosos,)-219(pari)-212(fastidio)-212(sprevit;)-224(Pers.)-238(i.)-237(69)-212(sq.;)-224(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 0 -10.959 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.743 0 Td [(114.)-350(For)-283(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 62.703 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(s)-283(preference)-284(of)-283(Ennius)-283(to)-283(Virgil,)-292(etc.,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 137.199 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.762 0 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.306 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.709 0 Td [(c.)]TJ -274.407 -10.959 Td [(16;)-252(A.)-251(Gell.)-253(xii.)-253(2;)-251(Mac\351,)-251(p.)-253(96;)-252(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 145.345 0 Td [(Les)-251(Moralistes)-251(sous)-251(l)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 75.999 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Empire)-251(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.575 0 Td [(p.)]TJ -273.905 -10.959 Td [(184.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(973)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(114,)-250(\247)-250(13,)-250(duodecim)-250(tabulas)-250(loquuntur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -44.084 -7.311 Td [(974)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Dial.)-250(de)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.576 0 Td [(20.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1025 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1026 0 R /Resources 1024 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1015 0 R >> endobj 1024 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1029 0 obj << /Length 5683 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(209)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(long)-215(hours)-216(of)-215(idleness,)-222(or)-215(to)-216(woo)-215(a)-215(shadowy)-216(fame)-215(at)-215(an)-215(afternoon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recital,)-191(with)-177(a)-177(more)-177(shadowy)-177(hope)-177(of)-176(future)-177(fame.)-226(The)-177(grand)-176(style)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-343(a)-344(charmer)-343(and)-344(deceiver.)-530(It)-344(was)-343(such)-344(a)-343(perfect)-343(instrument,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-301(was)-300(so)-301(protean)-300(in)-301(its)-301(various)-300(power,)-313(it)-301(was)-301(so)-300(abundant)-301(in)-300(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(resources,)-226(that)-219(a)-219(man)-220(of)-219(third-rate)-219(powers)-220(and)-219(thin)-219(commonplace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination,)-465(who)-422(had)-423(been)-422(trained)-422(in)-422(skilful)-422(manipulation)-422(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consecrated)-375(phrase,)-407(might)-376(for)-375(the)-375(moment)-376(delude)-375(himself)-375(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(friends)-250(by)-250(faint)-250(echoes)-250(of)-250(the)-250(music)-250(of)-250(the)-250(golden)-250(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([171])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -15.868 Td [(The)-212(brilliancy)-213(of)-212(inherited)-213(phrase)-212(concealed)-213(the)-212(poverty)-213(of)-212(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(literary)-278(amateur)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.676 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-278(fancy)-278(from)-278(himself.)-334(And,)-285(even)-278(if)-278(he)-278(were)-277(not)]TJ -73.309 -13.549 Td [(deluded)-225(about)-225(his)-225(own)-225(powers,)-230(the)-225(practice)-225(in)-225(skilful)-225(handling)-225(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literary)-342(symbols,)-365(which)-343(was)-342(acquired)-342(in)-342(the)-342(schools,)-365(furnished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-383(refined)-383(amusement)-383(for)-383(a)-384(too)-383(ample)-383(leisure.)-649(It)-383(is)-383(clear)-383(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-353(dialogue)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 58.599 0 Td [(De)-353(Oratoribus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 65.06 0 Td [(,)-378(and)-353(from)-353(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.553 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-353(Letters,)-378(that)-353(the)]TJ -201.844 -13.549 Td [(meditative)-413(life,)-453(surrounded)-413(by)-413(the)-413(quiet)-413(charm)-413(of)-413(stream)-412(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(woodland,)-368(far)-345(from)-344(the)-344(din)-345(and)-344(strife)-345(and)-344(social)-345(routine)-344(of)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-241(city,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.529 3.959 Td [(975)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.103 -3.959 Td [(attracted)-241(many)-241(people)-241(much)-241(more)-242(than)-241(the)-241(greatest)]TJ -58.632 -13.549 Td [(oratorical)-424(triumphs)-424(in)-424(the)-424(centumviral)-424(court,)-467(which,)-468(after)-423(all,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-223(so)-223(pale)-223(and)-223(bourgeois)-223(beside)-223(the)-223(glories)-223(of)-223(the)-223(great)-223(ages)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oratory.)-426(And)-308(although)-309(Aper,)-323(in)-309(the)-308(Dialogue)-309(of)-308(Tacitus,)-323(sneers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-262(the)-262(solitary)-262(and)-262(unsocial)-261(toil)-262(of)-262(the)-262(poet,)-265(rewarded)-262(by)-262(a)-261(short-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lived)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 24.488 0 Td [(succ\350s)-245(d)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 36.596 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(estime)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.873 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(976)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.134 -3.959 Td [(there)-245(can)-244(be)-245(no)-245(doubt)-244(that)-245(the)-245(ambition)]TJ -110.451 -13.549 Td [(to)-335(cut)-335(a)-335(figure,)-356(even)-335(for)-335(a)-335(day,)-356(was)-335(a)-335(powerful)-335(inspiration)-335(at)-335(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(time)-250(when)-250(the)-250(ancient)-250(avenues)-250(to)-250(fame)-250(had)-250(been)-250(closed.)]TJ 11.956 -15.867 Td [(It)-391(was)-391(to)-391(satisfy)-391(such)-391(ambitions)-391(that)-391(Domitian)-391(founded)-390(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(quinquennial)-302(competition)-302(on)-302(the)-302(Capitol,)-315(in)-302(the)-301(year)-302(86)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 249.472 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(977)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(as)-496(well)-495(as)-496(the)-495(annual)-496(festival)-495(in)-495(honour)-496(of)-495(Minerva)-496(on)-495(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Alban)-381(Mount.)-644(A)-382(similar)-381(festival,)-414(for)-381(the)-382(cultivation)-381(of)-381(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poetry,)-246(had)-245(been)-245(established)-244(at)-245(Naples)-245(in)-245(honour)-245(of)-245(Augustus,)-245(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-255(Statius)-255(had)-255(won)-255(the)-255(crown)-255(of)-256(corn-ears.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.373 3.959 Td [(978)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.347 -3.959 Td [(And)-255(Nero)-255(had)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 103.31 Td [(975)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(De)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.142 0 Td [(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.771 -7.311 Td [(976)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(9,)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(977)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.045 -7.311 Td [(978)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)-765(v.)-765(3,)-465(225;)-507(cf.)-765(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 109.134 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.946 0 Td [(xi.)-765(A)-422(Greek)-421(comedy)-422(in)-422(honour)-421(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1028 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1029 0 R /Resources 1027 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1015 0 R >> endobj 1030 0 obj << /D [1028 0 R /XYZ 46.771 420.953 null] >> endobj 1027 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1033 0 obj << /Length 5696 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(210)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(founded)-396(another,)-433(apparently)-396(only)-396(for)-396(his)-396(own)-396(glorification.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(979)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(The)-383(festival)-382(established)-383(by)-382(Domitian)-383(was)-382(more)-383(important)-382(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enduring.)-252(The)-251(judges)-250(were)-251(taken)-251(from)-250(the)-251(priestly)-251(colleges,)-250(and,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amid)-367(a)-367(concourse)-368(of)-367(the)-367(highest)-367(functionaries)-368(of)-367(the)-367(state,)-396(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(successful)-293(poet)-292(received)-293(his)-292(crown)-293(at)-292(the)-293(hands)-292(of)-293(the)-292(emperor.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-235(prospect)-235(of)-236(such)-235(a)-235(distinction)-235(drew)-235(competitors)-235(from)-235(distant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provincial)-289(parts.)-367(It)-288(is)-289(a)-289(curious)-289(illustration)-289(of)-289(the)-289(power)-289(and)-288(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(skill)-361(of)-362(the)-361(literary)-362(discipline)-361(of)-362(the)-361(schools)-362(that,)-389(twice)-361(within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-371(few)-371(years,)-401(the)-371(crown)-371(of)-371(oak)-371(leaves)-371(was)-371(won)-371(by)-371(boys)-370(under)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fourteen)-356(years)-356(of)-355(age.)-568(The)-355(verses)-356(of)-356(one)-355(of)-356(them)-356(may)-356(still)-355(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(read)-250(upon)-250(his)-250(tomb.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 86.662 3.959 Td [(980)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -74.706 -21.315 Td [(But)-322(these)-322(infrequent)-322(chances)-322(of)-322(distinction)-322(could)-322(not)-322(suffice)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(for)-475(the)-476(crowd)-475(of)-476(eager)-475(composers.)-926(In)-475(those)-476(days,)-531(although)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([172])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-463(bookselling)-463(trade)-463(was)-463(extensive)-463(and)-462(vigorous,)-517(there)-462(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-445(organised)-445(publishing)-445(system)-445(by)-445(which)-445(a)-445(new)-445(work)-444(could)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-419(brought)-419(to)-419(the)-419(notice)-419(of)-419(the)-419(public.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 177.13 3.959 Td [(981)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.711 -3.959 Td [(The)-419(author)-419(had)-419(to)]TJ -197.841 -13.549 Td [(advertise)-419(himself)-418(by)-419(giving)-418(readings,)-461(to)-419(which)-418(he)-419(invited)-418(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friends,)-370(and)-345(by)-346(distributing)-345(copies)-346(of)-346(his)-345(book.)-537(The)-346(mania)-345(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recitation)-304(was)-303(the)-304(theme)-304(of)-303(satirists)-304(from)-304(the)-303(days)-304(of)-304(Horace)-303(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-198(days)-197(of)-198(Epictetus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.213 3.958 Td [(982)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.99 -3.958 Td [(Martial)-198(comically)-197(describes)-198(the)-197(frenzied)]TJ -107.203 -13.55 Td [(poet)-269(torturing)-270(his)-269(friends)-269(day)-270(and)-269(night,)-274(pursuing)-270(them)-269(from)-269(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bath)-231(to)-232(the)-231(dining-room,)-235(and)-231(spreading)-231(a)-231(solitude)-232(around)-231(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 268.177 3.959 Td [(983)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -268.177 -17.508 Td [(Juvenal)-254(congratulates)-254(his)-254(friend)-253(on)-254(escaping)-254(to)-254(the)-254(country)-253(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-264(hoarse)-265(reciter)-264(of)-265(a)-264(frigid)-264(Theseid.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.409 3.959 Td [(984)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.652 -3.959 Td [(In)-264(the)-265(bohemian)-264(scenes)]TJ -178.061 -13.549 Td [(of)-370(Petronius,)-401(the)-371(inveterate)-370(versifier,)-401(who)-370(will)-371(calmly)-370(finish)-370(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 174.56 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 93.543 165.736 Td [(Germanicus)-250(was)-250(performed.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.31 Td [(979)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.293 0 Td [(Ner.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.889 0 Td [(xii.)-570(Suetonius)-357(says)-356(it)-357(was)-356(the)-357(first)-357(of)-356(the)-357(kind.)-570(It)-357(was)-356(called)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf -54.138 -10.959 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(Neronia.)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 31.123 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -34.855 -7.311 Td [(980)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.526 0 Td [(2603,)-261(to)-259(L.)-259(Val.)-278(Pudens,)-261(erected)-259(by)-259(his)-259(fellow-citizens)-259(in)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 207.216 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.301 0 Td [(110.)-277(He)]TJ -251.999 -10.959 Td [(was)-250(only)-250(13.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.818 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Teuffel,)-250(\247)-250(314,)-250(n.)-250(4;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 99.617 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(p.)-250(324.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -200.975 -7.31 Td [(981)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.169 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.523 0 Td [(vi.)-276(2;)-263(ix.)-276(11,)-261(2;)-263(Mart.)-276(vii.)-276(8.)-276(Cf.)-276(Haenny,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 147.277 0 Td [(Schriftst.)-276(u.)-276(Buchh.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.279 0 Td [(ii.)-276(p.)]TJ -264.204 -10.959 Td [(24)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.249 -7.311 Td [(982)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-250(iii.)-250(23,)-250(\247)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.31 Td [(983)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iii.)-250(44,)-250(45;)-250(iv.)-250(81.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.707 -7.311 Td [(984)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(2;)-250(iii.)-250(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1032 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1033 0 R /Resources 1031 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1015 0 R >> endobj 1034 0 obj << /D [1032 0 R /XYZ 93.543 351.778 null] >> endobj 1031 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1037 0 obj << /Length 5584 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(211)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(passage,)-212(after)-203(being)-202(cast)-203(ashore)-203(from)-202(a)-203(shipwreck,)-212(makes)-202(himself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-215(nuisance)-215(by)-215(his)-216(recitations)-215(in)-215(the)-215(baths)-215(and)-215(porticoes)-215(of)-215(Croton,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-376(is)-377(very)-376(properly)-377(stoned)-376(by)-376(a)-377(crowd)-376(of)-376(street)-377(boys.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.983 3.959 Td [(985)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.316 -3.959 Td [(No)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(aspect)-379(of)-379(social)-380(life)-379(is)-379(more)-379(prominent)-380(in)-379(the)-379(Letters)-379(of)-379(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-432(the)-433(reading)-432(of)-433(new)-432(works,)-478(epics,)-478(or)-432(lyrics,)-478(histories,)-478(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(speeches,)-398(before)-368(fashionable)-368(assemblies.)-604(A)-367(liberal)-368(patron)-368(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Titinius)-224(Capito)-223(would)-223(sometimes)-224(lend)-223(a)-224(hall)-223(for)-224(the)-223(purpose.)-241(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-239(reciter)-239(had)-239(many)-239(expenses,)-241(from)-239(the)-239(hire)-239(of)-239(chairs)-239(to)-239(the)-239(fees)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-216(freedmen)-216(and)-216(slaves,)-222(who)-216(acted)-216(as)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 162.275 0 Td [(claqueurs)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.025 0 Td [(.)-239(In)-216(the)-215(circle)-216(of)-216(a)]TJ -205.3 -13.55 Td [(man)-235(like)-235(Pliny,)-238(to)-235(attend)-235(these)-235(gatherings)-235(was)-235(a)-235(sacred)-235(duty)-235(both)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-233(letters)-232(and)-233(to)-233(friendship.)-244(In)-233(a)-232(year)-233(when)-233(there)-232(was)-233(a)-233(more)-232(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(usually)-323(abundant)-323(crop)-323(of)-323(poets,)-341(the)-323(eager)-323(advocate)-323(could)-322(boast)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-380(he)-380(had)-379(failed)-380(no)-380(one,)-412(even)-380(in)-379(the)-380(month)-380(when)-380(the)-379(courts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-277(busiest.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.249 3.958 Td [(986)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.056 -3.958 Td [(Doubtless,)-283(many)-277(of)-277(the)-277(fashionable)-276(idlers,)-284(who)]TJ -73.305 -13.55 Td [(dawdled)-323(away)-323(their)-322(time)-323(in)-323(the)-322(many)-323(resorts)-323(devoted)-323(to)-322(gossip)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-355(scandal,)-381(were)-355(glad)-355(to)-355(show)-354(themselves)-355(in)-355(the)-355(crowd.)-564(Old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friends)-373(would)-373(consider)-373(it)-372(a)-373(duty)-373(to)-373(support)-373(and)-373(encourage)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(budding)-271(literary)-271(ambition)-272(of)-271(a)-271(young)-271(aspirant)-271(of)-272(their)-271(set.)-313(Some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sincere)-198(lovers)-198(of)-197(literary)-198(art)-198(would)-198(be)-197(drawn)-198(by)-198(a)-198(genuine)-197(interest)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-297(a)-296(wish)-297(to)-297(maintain)-296(the)-297(literary)-297(tradition,)-308(which)-297(was)-296(already)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(betraying)-212(signs)-211(of)-211(weakness)-212(and)-211(decay.)-238(But,)-219(to)-211(a)-212(great)-211(many,)-219(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(duty,)-257(added)-256(to)-256(the)-256(endl)1(ess)-256(round)-256(of)-256(other)-256(social)-255(obligations,)-257(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([173])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(evidently)-424(becoming)-424(repulsive)-424(and)-423(wearisome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.856 3.959 Td [(987)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.87 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-424(could)]TJ -228.726 -13.549 Td [(listen)-278(with)-278(delight)-278(and)-278(admiration)-278(to)-278(Sentius)-278(Augurinus)-278(reciting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-343(poems)-343(for)-343(three)-342(long)-343(days.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.561 3.958 Td [(988)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.219 -3.958 Td [(He)-343(would)-343(calmly)-342(expect)-343(his)]TJ -154.78 -13.55 Td [(own)-394(friends)-394(to)-394(listen)-394(for)-394(as)-394(many)-394(days)-394(to)-394(a)-394(whole)-394(volume)-393(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-292(poems,)-303(or)-292(to)-292(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 90.291 0 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 48.022 0 Td [(on)-292(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.295 3.959 Td [(989)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.556 -3.959 Td [(Such)-292(was)-292(his)-292(high)]TJ -200.164 -13.549 Td [(breeding,)-313(his)-300(kindliness,)-313(and)-300(such)-300(was)-301(his)-300(passion)-300(for)-300(literature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-344(any)-345(form)-344(or)-344(of)-345(any)-344(quality,)-368(that)-344(he)-345(could)-344(hardly)-344(understand)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 114.43 Td [(985)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(90,)-250(91,)-250(115.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.542 -7.311 Td [(986)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(13;)-250(ii.)-250(19;)-250(iv.)-250(5;)-250(27;)-250(v.)-250(12;)-250(vi.)-250(17,)-250(21;)-250(viii.)-250(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.087 -7.311 Td [(987)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vi.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.087 -7.31 Td [(988)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.311 Td [(989)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(18;)-250(iv.)-250(5.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1036 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1037 0 R /Resources 1035 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1039 0 R >> endobj 1038 0 obj << /D [1036 0 R /XYZ 71.701 233.642 null] >> endobj 1035 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1042 0 obj << /Length 6881 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(212)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(how)-292(what)-292(to)-293(him)-292(seemed)-292(at)-292(once)-292(a)-293(pleasure)-292(and)-292(duty)-292(should)-292(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(regarded)-357(by)-357(others)-357(as)-356(an)-357(intolerable)-357(nuisance.)-571(The)-357(conduct)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-371(people)-371(is)-370(treated)-371(with)-371(some)-371(disdain)-371(in)-370(one)-371(or)-371(two)-371(of)-370(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rare)-291(passages)-291(in)-291(which)-292(he)-291(writes)-291(of)-291(his)-291(circle)-291(with)-291(any)-291(severity.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Some)-401(of)-401(these)-401(fashionable)-400(folk,)-439(after)-401(lingering)-401(in)-401(some)-400(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(gossip)-324(until)-323(the)-324(reading)-324(was)-324(well)-324(advanced,)-342(would)-324(enter)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hall)-284(with)-284(ostentatious)-284(reluctance,)-292(and)-284(then)-284(leave)-284(before)-284(the)-283(end.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Others,)-475(with)-431(an)-430(air)-430(of)-430(superiority,)-476(would)-430(sit)-430(in)-430(stolid)-430(silence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(disguise)-280(the)-281(slightest)-281(expression)-280(of)-281(interest.)-342(This)-281(seemed)-280(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Pliny,)-223(not)-216(only)-217(grossly)-216(bad)-217(manners,)-223(but)-216(also)-216(neglect)-217(of)-216(a)-216(literary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(duty.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 22.124 3.959 Td [(990)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.83 -3.959 Td [(The)-300(audience)-301(should)-300(not)-301(only)-300(encourage)-300(honest)-301(effort;)]TJ -38.954 -13.549 Td [(they)-438(should)-438(contribute)-438(their)-438(judgment)-438(to)-438(the)-438(improvement)-437(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(style.)-245(Pliny,)-238(like)-235(Aristotle,)-238(has)-234(an)-235(immense)-235(faith)-235(in)-235(the)-234(collective)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opinion)-271(of)-270(numbers,)-276(even)-271(in)-270(matters)-271(of)-271(artistic)-270(taste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.105 3.958 Td [(991)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.856 -3.958 Td [(He)-271(used)]TJ -244.961 -13.55 Td [(to)-329(read)-330(his)-329(own)-329(pieces)-330(to)-329(successively)-330(wider)-329(circles,)-349(each)-329(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(receiving)-303(suggestions)-303(for)-303(amendment.)-409(Many)-303(of)-303(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 236.426 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-303(Letters,)]TJ -240.059 -13.549 Td [(like)-244(the)-245(dialogue)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 75.263 0 Td [(De)-244(Oratoribus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 63.877 0 Td [(,)-245(reveal)-245(the)-244(keenness)-245(with)-244(which)]TJ -139.14 -13.549 Td [(in)-395(those)-395(days)-395(questions)-395(of)-395(style)-395(were)-395(debated.)-685(But,)-431(as)-395(in)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(circle)-253(of)-254(Sidonius,)-254(this)-253(very)-254(energy)-253(of)-253(criticism)-254(was)-253(perhaps)-253(due)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-352(a)-352(dim)-352(consciousness)-352(of)-353(waning)-352(force.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.502 3.959 Td [(992)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.522 -3.959 Td [(Pliny,)-378(with)-352(all)-352(his)]TJ -200.024 -13.549 Td [(kindly)-286(optimism,)-295(lets)-286(fall)-285(a)-286(phrase)-286(here)-286(and)-286(there)-286(which)-285(betrays)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-197(uneasiness)-197(about)-197(the)-197(future)-197(of)-197(letters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.946 3.959 Td [(993)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.987 -3.959 Td [(Enthusiasm)-197(is)-197(failing.)]TJ -186.933 -13.549 Td [(Nay,)-288(there)-281(is)-280(a)-281(hardly)-281(veiled)-280(contempt)-281(for)-280(that)-281(eager)-280(mediocrity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-389(Pliny)-389(and)-389(Titinius)-389(Capito)-389(made)-389(it)-389(a)-389(point)-389(of)-389(honour)-389(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(encourage.)-508(We)-336(feel)-337(that)-336(we)-336(are)-336(on)-336(the)-336(edge)-336(of)-336(that)-336(arid)-336(desert)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-414(cultivated)-415(impotence)-414(in)-414(which)-414(the)-415(freshness)-414(and)-414(vigour)-414(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([174])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-250(literature)-250(was)-250(soon)-250(mysteriously)-250(to)-250(disappear.)]TJ 11.955 -13.549 Td [(Great)-175(as)-175(were)-175(the)-175(attractions)-175(of)-175(the)-175(capital,)-190(its)-175(gay)-176(social)-175(circles)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.999 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.187 Td [(990)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(13,)-250(2;)-250(vi.)-250(17;)-250(viii.)-250(12,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.659 -7.311 Td [(991)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.788 0 Td [(vii)-455(17,)-506(7,)-506(quia)-454(in)-455(numero)-455(ipso)-455(est)-454(quoddam)-455(magnum)-455(conlatumque)]TJ -25.744 -10.959 Td [(consilium.)-316(Cf.)-316(Arist.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.503 0 Td [(Pol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.135 0 Td [(iii.)-316(11,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 26.252 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.905 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.075 0 Td [(\272\301\257\275\277\305\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.96 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\274\265\271\275\277\275)-272(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.697 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.076 0 Td [(\300\277\273\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.115 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.075 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.075 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.923 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\274\277\305\303\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.239 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301\263\261)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.774 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\277\271\267\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.249 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -142.746 -7.31 Td [(992)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sidon.)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.319 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ii.)-250(14;)-250(vii.)-250(15;)-250(i.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -76.47 -7.311 Td [(993)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.002 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.8 0 Td [(viii.)-369(12.)-369(Seneca)-289(was)-290(even)-289(more)-290(pessimist,)-299(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 167.924 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.8 0 Td [(95,)-299(\247)-290(23;)-309(100;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -229.482 -10.959 Td [(De)-250(Brev.)-250(V.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.07 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(1.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1041 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1042 0 R /Resources 1040 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1039 0 R >> endobj 1043 0 obj << /D [1041 0 R /XYZ 154.695 179.445 null] >> endobj 1040 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1046 0 obj << /Length 5383 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(213)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(with)-354(their)-354(multifarious)-355(engagements,)-380(its)-354(games)-354(and)-354(spectacles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-416(literary)-416(novelties,)-457(yet)-416(the)-415(most)-416(devoted)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.999 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Ardelio,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.055 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.379 0 Td [(in)-416(the)]TJ -254.276 -13.549 Td [(end,)-233(felt)-229(the)-229(strain)-230(and)-229(the)-229(monotony)-229(to)-229(be)-229(oppressive.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.631 3.959 Td [(994)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.105 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)]TJ -249.736 -13.549 Td [(and)-300(Pliny,)-312(Martial)-300(and)-300(Juvenal,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 138.666 3.958 Td [(995)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.86 -3.958 Td [(from)-300(various)-300(points)-300(of)-300(view,)]TJ -154.526 -13.55 Td [(lament)-250(or)-251(ridicule)-250(the)-251(inanity)-250(and)-251(the)-250(slavery)-250(of)-251(city)-250(life.)-251(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(etiquette)-515(was)-514(perhaps)-515(the)-514(most)-515(imperious)-514(and)-515(exacting)-514(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-320(existed.)-459(Morning)-320(receptions,)-337(punctilious)-320(attendance)-320(at)-319(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assumption)-312(of)-312(the)-312(toga,)-327(at)-312(betrothals,)-327(or)-312(the)-312(sealing)-311(of)-312(wills,)-327(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-349(reading)-350(of)-349(some)-349(tedious)-350(epic,)-374(advice)-349(or)-349(support)-350(in)-349(the)-349(law)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(courts,)-239(congratulations)-237(to)-236(friends)-236(on)-237(every)-236(official)-236(success,)-239(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(duties,)-464(and)-420(many)-421(others,)-464(left)-421(men,)-463(who)-421(had)-421(a)-421(large)-421(circle)-420(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acquaintance,)-215(hardly)-207(a)-207(moment)-207(of)-207(repose.)-235(Hence)-207(the)-207(rapture)-206(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-192(Pliny)-192(escapes)-192(to)-193(the)-192(stillness)-192(of)-192(the)-192(Laurentine)-192(pine)-192(woods,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-304(the)-304(pure)-303(cold)-304(breezes)-304(that)-304(blew)-303(from)-304(the)-304(Apennines)-304(over)-303(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Tuscan)-304(seat.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.508 3.959 Td [(996)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.933 -3.959 Td [(In)-303(these)-304(calm)-304(solitudes)-303(the)-304(weary)-303(advocate)-304(and)]TJ -71.441 -13.549 Td [(man)-428(of)-429(letters)-428(became)-428(for)-429(a)-428(little)-428(while)-429(his)-428(own)-429(master,)-472(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forgot)-301(the)-301(din)-302(and)-301(crush)-301(of)-301(the)-301(streets,)-314(the)-301(paltry)-302(ambit)1(ions,)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(malevolent)-269(gossip)-270(and)-269(silly)-269(rumours)-270(of)-269(the)-270(great)-269(world,)-274(in)-269(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long-suspended)-438(literary)-437(task.)-813(There)-437(can)-437(be)-438(no)-437(doubt)-438(that)-437(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(intense)-272(enjoyment)-273(was)-272(becoming)-272(more)-272(and)-273(more)-272(felt)-272(in)-272(country)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life.)-338(Its)-280(unbought,)-286(home-grown)-280(luxuries,)-286(its)-280(common)-279(sights)-279(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sounds,)-452(its)-411(antique)-412(simplicity,)-451(have)-412(a)-411(strange)-412(charm)-411(even)-411(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-410(hardened)-410(bohemian)-410(like)-410(Martial.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.949 3.959 Td [(997)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.416 -3.959 Td [(But)-410(Pliny,)-450(besides)-410(this)]TJ -177.365 -13.549 Td [(commoner)-299(form)-299(of)-298(enjoyment,)-311(has)-299(a)-299(keen)-299(and)-299(exquisite)-298(feeling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-172(beauty)-172(of)-172(scenery.)-224(He)-171(loves)-172(the)-172(amphitheatre)-172(of)-172(hills,)-187(crowned)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-312(immemorial)-312(forest)-313(that)-312(looks)-312(down)-312(on)-312(rich)-312(pastoral)-312(slope,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-346(vineyard)-346(or)-346(meadow,)-369(bright)-346(with)-346(the)-346(flowers)-346(of)-346(spring,)-369(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(watered)-370(by)-369(the)-370(winding)-370(Tiber;)-429(he)-370(loves)-369(the)-370(scenery)-370(of)-369(Como,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 47.021 125.311 Td [(994)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.428 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.608 0 Td [(i.)-305(9;)-277(quot)-268(dies)-269(quam)-268(frigidis)-268(rebus)-268(absumpsi!)-305(cf.)-305(the)-268(social)-268(life)-269(of)]TJ -45.992 -10.959 Td [(Symmachus,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.171 0 Td [(Roman)-229(Society)-229(in)-229(the)-230(Last)-229(Century)-229(of)-229(the)-229(Western)-229(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 205.772 0 Td [(,)-233(p.)-243(128)]TJ -253.943 -10.958 Td [(sq.)-250(\0501st)-250(ed.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf 0.25 -7.395 Td [(995)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.103 0 Td [(xii.;)-250(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(xi.)-250(Mart.)-250(xii.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.741 -7.31 Td [(996)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(9;)-250(iv.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.087 -7.311 Td [(997)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.706 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iii.)-250(58.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1045 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1046 0 R /Resources 1044 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1039 0 R >> endobj 1044 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1049 0 obj << /Length 5666 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(214)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(where)-268(you)-269(watch)-268(the)-268(fishermen)-269(at)-268(his)-268(toils)-269(from)-268(some)-268(retreat)-268(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-265(terraced)-264(banks.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.407 3.959 Td [(998)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.655 -3.959 Td [(Where)-264(in)-265(ancient)-264(literature)-265(can)-264(you)-265(find)-264(a)]TJ -98.062 -13.549 Td [(more)-279(sharp)-278(and)-279(clear-cut)-278(picture)-279(of)-279(a)-278(romantic)-279(scene)-278(than)-279(in)-278(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([175])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(description)-270(of)-269(the)-270(Clitumnus?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 130.037 3.958 Td [(999)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.825 -3.958 Td [(The)-270(famous)-269(stream)-270(rises)-270(under)]TJ -145.862 -13.55 Td [(a)-206(low)-206(hill,)-215(shaded)-206(by)-206(ancient)-206(cypresses,)-215(and)-206(broadens)-206(into)-206(a)-206(basin)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-200(whose)-200(glassy)-200(ice-cold)-200(waters)-200(you)-200(may)-200(count)-200(the)-200(pebbles.)-233(Soon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-286(current)-286(grows)-287(broader)-286(and)-286(swifter,)-295(and)-287(the)-286(barges)-286(are)-286(swept)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(along)-359(under)-359(groves)-360(of)-359(ash)-359(and)-359(poplar,)-386(which,)-387(so)-359(vivid)-359(is)-359(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reflection,)-390(seem)-361(to)-362(be)-362(growing)-361(in)-362(the)-362(river-bed.)-585(Hard)-361(by,)-390(is)-361(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(temple)-306(of)-306(the)-307(river-god,)-320(with)-306(many)-306(other)-307(chapels,)-320(and)-306(a)-306(seat)-306(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-235(augury;)-240(the)-235(magic)-234(charm)-235(of)-235(antique)-235(religious)-235(awe)-234(blends)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-312(the)-312(witchery)-311(of)-312(nature,)-327(and)-312(many)-312(a)-311(villa)-312(is)-312(planted)-312(on)-311(fair)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spots)-250(along)-251(the)-250(banks.)-251(There)-251(was)-250(plenty)-250(of)-251(sport)-250(to)-250(be)-251(had)-250(in)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apennines)-321(or)-321(the)-321(Laurentine)-321(woods.)-463(But)-321(Pliny)-321(was)-321(plainly)-321(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-269(real)-270(sportsman.)-308(He)-269(once)-270(t)1(ells)-270(his)-269(friend)-270(Tacitus,)-274(who)-269(seems)-269(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-260(rallied)-261(him)-260(on)-260(this)-260(failing,)-263(that)-260(although)-261(he)-260(has)-260(killed)-260(three)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(boars,)-432(he)-395(much)-396(prefers)-395(to)-396(sit,)-431(tablets)-396(in)-395(hand)-396(beside)-395(the)-395(nets,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meditating)-366(in)-366(the)-366(silent)-366(glade.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.449 3.959 Td [(1000)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.958 -3.959 Td [(The)-366(country)-366(is)-366(charming)-365(to)]TJ -157.407 -13.549 Td [(Pliny,)-238(but)-235(its)-235(greatest)-234(charm)-235(lies)-235(in)-235(the)-235(long)-235(tranquil)-235(hours)-234(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(can)-327(be)-327(given)-327(to)-327(literary)-327(musing.)-481(Part)-327(of)-327(the)-327(well-regul)1(ated)-327(day)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-329(Spurinna,)-348(a)-329(man)-329(who)-329(had)-329(commanded)-329(armies)-329(and)-328(governed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provinces,)-488(and)-441(who)-440(had)-441(reached)-440(his)-441(seventy-seventh)-440(year,)-488(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devoted)-280(to)-280(lyric)-280(composition)-280(both)-280(in)-280(Greek)-280(and)-280(Latin.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.444 3.959 Td [(1001)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.146 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)]TJ -257.59 -13.549 Td [(once)-389(or)-389(twice)-389(laments)-389(the)-388(mass)-389(of)-389(literary)-389(talent)-389(which,)-423(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diffidence)-277(or)-278(love)-277(of)-278(ease,)-284(was)-277(buried)-277(in)-278(these)-277(rural)-278(retreats.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1002)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(There)-222(must)-223(have)-222(been)-223(many)-222(a)-222(country)-223(squire,)-228(like)-222(that)-222(Terentius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who,)-349(apparently)-329(lost)-330(in)-329(bucolic)-329(pursuits,)-350(surprised)-329(his)-329(guest)-329(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-280(purity)-281(of)-280(his)-280(taste)-280(and)-280(his)-281(breadth)-280(of)-280(culture.)-341(We)-280(often)-280(meet)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.16 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 93.792 136.347 Td [(998)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(v.)-250(6,)-250(\247)-250(7,)-250(8;)-250(i.)-250(3;)-250(ix.)-250(7)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.088 -7.31 Td [(999)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.707 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.739 0 Td [(viii.)-349(8;)-299(cf.)-349(Virg.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.128 0 Td [(Georg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.687 0 Td [(ii.)-349(146;)-299(once)-283(visited)-283(by)-283(Caligula,)-291(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 142.946 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -258.456 -10.959 Td [(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1000)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.811 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.067 0 Td [(i.)-236(6,)-216(solitudo)-208(ipsumque)-208(illud)-208(silentium)-208(quod)-208(venationi)-208(datur)-208(magna)]TJ -44.834 -10.959 Td [(cogitationis)-250(incitamenta)-250(sunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1001)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1002)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(25.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1048 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1049 0 R /Resources 1047 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1039 0 R >> endobj 1050 0 obj << /D [1048 0 R /XYZ 349.916 491.077 null] >> endobj 1047 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1053 0 obj << /Length 6289 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(215)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-269(same)-268(buried)-269(talent)-268(after)-269(nearly)-268(four)-268(centuries)-269(in)-268(the)-269(pages)-268(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sidonius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.92 3.959 Td [(1003)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -28.964 -22.729 Td [(The)-352(literature)-353(of)-352(the)-352(Flavian)-353(age)-352(has)-352(preserved)-353(for)-352(us)-352(many)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(pictures)-344(of)-344(Roman)-344(villas.)-532(They)-344(occupied)-344(every)-344(variety)-344(of)-344(site.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(They)-390(were)-390(planted)-390(on)-390(rocks)-390(where)-390(the)-390(sea-foam)-390(flecked)-390(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(walls,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.757 3.959 Td [(1004)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.52 -3.959 Td [(or)-349(on)-350(inland)-349(lakes)-349(and)-350(rivers,)-374(embowered)-349(in)-349(woods,)]TJ -46.277 -13.549 Td [(or)-421(on)-422(the)-421(spurs)-422(of)-421(the)-422(Apennines,)-464(between)-422(the)-421(ancient)-421(forest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-270(the)-270(wealthy)-270(plain.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.009 3.959 Td [(1005)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.825 -3.959 Td [(Some)-270(of)-270(these)-270(mansions)-271(were)-270(remote)]TJ -116.834 -13.549 Td [(and)-441(secluded.)-823(But)-441(on)-441(the)-441(Bay)-441(of)-441(Naples,)-489(on)-441(the)-440(Laurentine)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shore)-415(or)-415(the)-415(banks)-415(of)-415(Lake)-415(Como,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.959 3.959 Td [(1006)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.416 -3.959 Td [(they)-415(clustered)-415(thickly.)]TJ -180.375 -13.549 Td [(Building)-403(in)-403(the)-403(days)-404(of)-403(Domitian)-403(was)-403(as)-403(much)-403(the)-403(rage)-403(as)-403(it)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([176])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(was)-248(in)-248(the)-249(days)-248(of)-248(Horace,)-249(and,)-248(just)-248(as)-249(then,)-248(all)-248(natural)-248(obstacles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-434(defied)-435(in)-434(preparing)-434(a)-435(site)-434(to)-434(the)-435(builder)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 209.375 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-434(taste.)-803(In)-435(the)]TJ -213.008 -13.549 Td [(grounds)-459(of)-459(Pollius)-459(Felix)-459(in)-459(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 148.839 0 Td [(Silvae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.661 0 Td [(,)-511(whole)-459(hills)-459(had)-459(been)]TJ -175.5 -13.549 Td [(levelled,)-344(and)-325(rocks)-325(had)-325(been)-325(cleared)-325(away)-325(to)-325(make)-325(a)-325(space)-325(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-223(house)-223(with)-223(its)-223(gardens)-223(and)-224(woodlands.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.765 3.959 Td [(1007)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.959 Td [(Manlius)-223(Vopiscus)]TJ -201.833 -13.549 Td [(had)-420(built)-420(two)-419(luxurious)-420(seats)-420(on)-419(opposite)-420(banks)-420(of)-420(the)-419(Anio,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(where)-337(the)-337(stream)-338(glides)-337(silently)-337(under)-337(overarching)-338(boughs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1008)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-256(villas)-255(pressed)-256(so)-256(close)-255(to)-256(the)-256(water)-255(that)-256(you)-256(could)-255(converse,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-307(almost)-308(touch)-307(hands,)-322(across)-307(the)-308(interval)-307(between)-307(them.)-422(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(love)-318(of)-318(variety,)-335(or)-319(the)-318(obligation)-318(imposed)-318(on)-318(senators)-318(to)-318(invest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-344(third)-344(of)-344(their)-343(fortune)-344(in)-344(Italian)-344(land,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.169 3.959 Td [(1009)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.445 -3.959 Td [(may)-344(account)-344(for)-343(the)]TJ -190.614 -13.549 Td [(number)-334(of)-334(country)-334(seats)-334(possessed)-334(even)-334(by)-334(men)-334(who)-334(were)-334(not)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 198.359 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 191.547 Td [(1003)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sidon.)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.319 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(i.)-250(6;)-250(ii.)-250(14;)-250(vii.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -79.459 -7.311 Td [(1004)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(ii.)-250(2,)-250(22,)-250(spumant)-250(templa)-250(salo.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.062 -7.394 Td [(1005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(v.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.311 Td [(1006)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(17,)-250(\247)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1007)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(ii.)-250(2,)-250(53;)-250(cf.)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(124.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.062 -7.311 Td [(1008)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(3,)-250(20-37.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1009)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Imposed)-323(by)-324(Trajan)-323(on)-324(candidates)-323(for)-324(office,)-341(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 185.046 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.103 0 Td [(vi.)-470(19.)-471(This)-323(was)-323(a)]TJ -212.104 -10.959 Td [(repetition)-258(of)-258(former)-258(enactments,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 118.082 0 Td [(e.g.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.26 0 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.638 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.515 0 Td [(48.)-274(It)-258(was)-257(revived)-258(again)-258(by)-258(M.)]TJ -170.495 -10.959 Td [(Aurelius,)-358(Capitol.)-336(xi.)-509(Exclusion)-336(from)-336(commerce)-336(necessitated)-337(investments)-336(in)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(land.)-400(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.555 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.894 0 Td [(iii.)-400(19,)-313(sum)-300(prope)-300(totus)-300(in)-300(praediis,)-313(aliquid)-300(tamen)-300(foenero.)-400(In)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf -56.449 -10.959 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.348 0 Td [(106)-264(the)-265(price)-264(of)-264(land)-265(was)-264(rising,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 118.473 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.574 0 Td [(vi.)-293(19;)-272(but)-264(cf.)-293(iii.)-293(19)-264(\050)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 78.073 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.349 0 Td [(101\051;)-272(see)]TJ -247.817 -10.959 Td [(Friedl.)-250(i.)-250(p.)-250(197.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1052 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1053 0 R /Resources 1051 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1039 0 R >> endobj 1054 0 obj << /D [1052 0 R /XYZ 46.771 377.462 null] >> endobj 1055 0 obj << /D [1052 0 R /XYZ 83.101 99.019 null] >> endobj 1051 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1058 0 obj << /Length 6046 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(216)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-415(the)-415(wealthiest)-416(class.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.178 3.959 Td [(1010)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.572 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-415(had)-415(villas)-416(at)-415(Laurentum,)-456(at)]TJ -128.75 -13.549 Td [(Tifernum)-453(Tiberinum,)-504(at)-454(Beneventum,)-504(and)-453(more)-453(than)-453(two)-453(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lake)-381(Como.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.366 3.959 Td [(1011)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.461 -3.959 Td [(The)-381(orator)-381(Regulus)-382(had)-381(at)-381(least)-381(five)-382(country)]TJ -78.827 -13.549 Td [(seats.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.935 3.958 Td [(1012)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.64 -3.958 Td [(Silius)-326(Italicus)-325(had)-326(several)-325(stately)-326(abodes)-326(in)-325(the)-326(same)]TJ -45.575 -13.55 Td [(district)-387(of)-387(Campania,)-422(and,)-421(with)-387(capricious)-387(facility,)-421(transferred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(affections)-250(to)-250(each)-250(new)-250(acquisition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.636 3.959 Td [(1013)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -154.68 -19.33 Td [(It)-508(is)-508(by)-508(no)-508(means)-508(an)-508(easy)-508(task,)-572(and)-508(perhaps)-508(not)-508(a)-508(very)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(profitable)-248(one,)-248(to)-248(trace)-248(minutely)-248(the)-248(arrangement)-248(of)-248(one)-248(of)-248(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-353(houses.)-560(Indeed)-353(there)-354(seems)-353(to)-353(have)-353(been)-354(a)-353(good)-353(deal)-353(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(caprice)-372(and)-372(little)-372(care)-372(for)-372(symmetry)-372(in)-372(their)-372(architecture.)-616(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(builder)-313(appears)-313(to)-313(have)-314(given)-313(no)-313(thought)-313(to)-313(external)-313(effect.)-439(To)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(catch)-184(a)-184(romantic)-184(view)-183(from)-184(the)-184(windows,)-197(to)-184(escape)-184(the)-184(sultry)-183(heat)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-210(midsummer,)-218(or)-211(woo)-210(the)-210(brief)-210(sunshine)-211(of)-210(December,)-218(above)-210(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-302(obtain)-302(perfect)-302(stillness,)-316(were)-302(the)-302(objects)-302(which)-302(seem)-302(to)-302(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dictated)-369(the)-370(plans)-369(of)-370(the)-369(Roman)-370(architect.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.303 3.959 Td [(1014)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.075 -3.959 Td [(The)-369(Laurentine)]TJ -212.378 -13.549 Td [(villa)-472(of)-473(Pliny)-472(and)-473(the)-472(Surrentine)-473(of)-472(Pollius)-473(Felix)-472(from)-472(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(windows)-281(or)-280(colonnades)-281(gave)-281(glimpses)-280(of)-281(forest)-281(or)-280(mountain,)-288(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sea,)-182(or)-164(fat)-165(herds)-165(browsing)-164(on)-165(the)-164(meadow)-165(grass,)-182(or)-164(a)-165(view)-164(seaward)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-241(the)-241(islands)-241(off)-240(the)-241(Campanian)-241(shore.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.986 3.959 Td [(1015)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.133 -3.959 Td [(One)-241(room)-241(admits)-241(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -261.875 0 Td [([177])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(morning)-232(sun,)-236(another)-233(is)-232(brightened)-233(by)-232(the)-232(glow)-233(of)-232(evening.)-244(Here)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-297(a)-297(colonnade)-297(where)-297(in)-297(winter)-297(you)-297(can)-297(pace)-297(up)-297(and)-297(down)-296(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shutters)-313(closed)-313(on)-313(the)-313(weather)-312(side,)-329(or)-313(in)-313(spring-time)-313(enjoy)-312(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scent)-270(of)-270(violets)-270(and)-270(the)-270(temperate)-270(sunshine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.283 3.959 Td [(1016)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.822 -3.959 Td [(In)-270(the)-270(mansions)]TJ -211.105 -13.549 Td [(on)-307(the)-307(Anio,)-322(there)-307(is,)-322(according)-307(to)-307(Statius,)-322(an)-307(air)-307(of)-307(everlasting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quietness,)-401(never)-371(broken)-370(even)-371(by)-371(wandering)-370(wind,)-401(or)-371(ripple)-370(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(stream.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.164 3.959 Td [(1017)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.049 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-277(has)-277(a)-277(distant)-277(room)-277(at)-277(Laurentum,)-284(to)-277(which)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.643 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.831 Td [(1010)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.534 0 Td [(De)-272(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.997 0 Td [(vii.)-317(10,)-278(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.771 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.646 0 Td [(89,)-278(\247)-272(20;)-284(Mart.)-317(v.)-317(13,)-278(7;)-284(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 118.424 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.143 0 Td [(76,)-278(77;)]TJ -255.471 -10.959 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(ii.)-250(6,)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -39.107 -7.311 Td [(1011)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(ii.)-250(17;)-250(v.)-250(6;)-250(ix.)-250(7;)-250(iv.)-250(1;)-250(iv.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.31 Td [(1012)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(vii.)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1013)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.31 Td [(1014)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(64.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.924 -7.395 Td [(1015)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ii.)-250(17;)-250(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.603 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(ii.)-250(2,)-250(76.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.613 -7.31 Td [(1016)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)-250(ii.)-250(17,)-250(\247)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1017)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(i.)-250(3,)-250(29.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1057 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1058 0 R /Resources 1056 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1039 0 R >> endobj 1059 0 obj << /D [1057 0 R /XYZ 205.462 272.468 null] >> endobj 1056 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1062 0 obj << /Length 5690 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(217)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(even)-210(the)-210(licensed)-210(din)-210(of)-211(the)-210(Saturnalia)-210(never)-210(penetrates.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.792 3.959 Td [(1018)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.02 -3.959 Td [(Thus)]TJ -258.812 -13.549 Td [(these)-203(villas)-202(threw)-203(out)-202(their)-203(chambers)-203(far)-202(and)-203(wide,)-212(meandering)-202(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-222(directions,)-228(according)-221(to)-222(the)-222(fancy)-222(of)-222(the)-222(master,)-228(or)-222(the)-221(charms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(neighbouring)-250(scenery.)]TJ 11.956 -18.09 Td [(The)-632(luxury)-632(of)-631(the)-632(Roman)-632(villa)-632(consisted)-632(rather)-632(in)-631(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(spaciousness)-165(and)-166(variety)-165(of)-165(building,)-182(to)-166(suit)-165(the)-165(changing)-165(seasons,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-310(in)-310(furniture)-310(for)-310(comfort)-310(or)-310(splendour.)-430(There)-310(were,)-325(indeed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-316(many)-315(houses)-316(some)-315(costly)-316(articles,)-331(tables)-316(of)-315(citrus)-316(and)-315(ivory,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-332(antique)-331(vases,)-352(of)-331(priceless)-332(worth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.965 3.959 Td [(1019)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.832 -3.959 Td [(But)-331(the)-332(chambers)-331(of)]TJ -189.797 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(most)-323(stately)-324(houses)-323(would)-324(probably,)-342(to)-323(modern)-324(taste,)-341(seem)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scantily)-299(furnished.)-397(It)-299(was)-299(on)-299(the)-299(walls)-299(and)-299(ceiling)-299(and)-299(columns)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-452(the)-452(Roman)-451(of)-452(taste)-452(lavished)-452(his)-452(wealth.)-855(The)-452(houses)-451(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny,)-386(indeed,)-387(seem)-359(to)-359(have)-359(been)-359(little)-359(adorned)-359(by)-359(this)-359(sort)-359(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(costly)-241(display.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.937 3.959 Td [(1020)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.133 -3.959 Td [(But)-241(the)-241(villa)-242(of)-241(Pollius)-241(Felix,)-243(like)-241(the)-241(baths)-241(of)]TJ -82.07 -13.549 Td [(Claudius)-206(Etruscus,)-216(shone)-206(with)-206(all)-207(the)-206(glory)-207(of)-206(variegated)-206(marbles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-167(plaque)-167(and)-167(pillar,)-183(drawn)-167(from)-167(the)-167(quarries)-167(of)-167(Phrygia,)-183(Laconia,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-257(Syene,)-259(Carystus)-257(and)-257(Numidia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.227 3.959 Td [(1021)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.4 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-257(confesses)-257(that)-257(he)-258(is)]TJ -170.627 -13.549 Td [(not)-306(a)-306(connoisseur)-306(in)-306(art.)-418(He)-306(speaks)-306(with)-306(hesitation)-306(of)-306(the)-305(merit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-340(a)-341(Corinthian)-340(bronze)-340(which)-341(he)-340(has)-340(acquired.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.059 3.959 Td [(1022)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.121 -3.959 Td [(But)-340(he)-341(was)]TJ -230.18 -13.549 Td [(surrounded)-248(in)-247(his)-248(own)-248(class)-247(by)-248(artistic)-248(enthusiasm,)-248(much)-248(of)-247(it,)-248(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-323(to)-323(be)-323(feared,)-342(pretentious)-323(and)-323(ignorant.)-469(The)-323(dispersion)-323(of)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(artistic)-317(wealth)-318(of)-317(Greek)-317(lands)-318(had)-317(flooded)-317(Italy)-318(with)-317(the)-317(works)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-423(the)-423(great)-424(masters.)-769(Collectors)-423(of)-424(them,)-466(like)-423(Silius)-423(Italicus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abounded.)-245(The)-233(fashion)-234(became)-234(so)-234(general)-234(and)-234(so)-233(imperious,)-237(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-187(penetrated)-187(even)-187(into)-186(the)-187(vulgar)-187(circle)-187(of)-187(people)-187(like)-186(Trimalchio,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who,)-362(in)-340(interpreting)-340(the)-340(subject)-340(of)-340(the)-340(chasing)-339(on)-340(a)-340(cup,)-362(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confuse)-235(the)-234(Punic)-235(and)-234(the)-235(Trojan)-234(wars.)-245(In)-235(the)-234(villas)-235(described)-234(by)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([178])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(Statius,)-321(it)-308(would)-307(seem)-307(that)-307(the)-307(art)-307(of)-308(Apelles,)-321(Pheidias,)-321(Myron,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.388 Td [(1018)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(ii.)-250(17,)-250(\247)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.31 Td [(1019)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(87.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.924 -7.311 Td [(1020)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(v.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.31 Td [(1021)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(ii.)-250(2,)-250(85;)-250(i.)-250(5,)-250(36;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 87.683 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -184.07 -7.311 Td [(1022)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.87 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.756 0 Td [(iii.)-354(6;)-302(cf.)-354(the)-285(taste)-285(of)-284(Silius)-285(Italicus,)-293(iii.)-354(7,)-294(8;)-302(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 192.498 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.253 0 Td [(50,)-293(88;)]TJ -255.332 -10.959 Td [(Mahaffy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.354 0 Td [(Greek)-250(World)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.562 0 Td [(,)-250(etc.,)-250(p.)-250(139)-250(sq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1061 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1062 0 R /Resources 1060 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1064 0 R >> endobj 1063 0 obj << /D [1061 0 R /XYZ 316.492 161.355 null] >> endobj 1060 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1067 0 obj << /Length 5318 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(218)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-314(Polycletus)-314(adorned)-313(the)-314(saloons)-314(and)-314(colonnades.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.504 3.959 Td [(1023)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.252 -3.959 Td [(It)-314(may)]TJ -251.756 -13.549 Td [(be)-265(doubted,)-270(however,)-269(whether)-265(many)-266(of)-265(these)-266(works)-265(could)-265(claim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-292(illustrious)-293(parentage.)-377(There)-293(was)-292(plenty)-293(of)-292(facile)-292(technique)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-256(those)-256(days)-256(which)-257(might)-256(easily)-256(deceive)-256(the)-256(vulgar)-256(collector)-256(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-367(or)-368(less)-367(successful)-367(reproduction.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.205 3.959 Td [(1024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.004 -3.959 Td [(The)-367(confident)-368(claim)]TJ -190.209 -13.549 Td [(to)-402(artistic)-401(discrimination)-401(was)-402(not)-401(less)-402(common)-401(in)-402(the)-401(Flavian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-438(than)-437(in)-438(later)-437(days,)-485(and)-437(it)-438(was)-437(probably)-438(as)-437(fallible.)-813(It)-437(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rather)-323(suspicious)-322(that,)-341(in)-323(the)-322(attempts)-323(at)-322(artistic)-323(appreciation)-322(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-305(period,)-318(attention)-305(seems)-304(to)-305(be)-305(concentrated)-304(on)-305(the)-304(supposed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(antiquity,)-528(rarity,)-528(or)-473(costliness)-473(of)-472(material.)-918(There)-472(is)-473(little)-472(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-488(glowing)-488(descriptions)-488(in)-489(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 150.26 0 Td [(Silvae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 31.987 0 Td [(to)-488(indicate)-488(a)-488(genuine)]TJ -182.247 -13.549 Td [(appreciation)-250(of)-250(real)-250(art.)]TJ 11.956 -14.861 Td [(It)-385(is)-385(possible)-385(that)-385(the)-385(great)-385(Roman)-385(country)-385(seat,)-419(in)-385(its)-384(vast)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(extent,)-356(although)-335(not)-336(in)-335(the)-335(stateliness)-335(of)-335(its)-335(exterior,)-356(may)-335(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(surpassed)-367(the)-366(corresponding)-367(mansions)-367(of)-366(our)-367(time.)-600(It)-367(was)-366(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expression)-359(in)-358(stone)-359(of)-358(the)-358(dominant)-359(passion)-358(of)-359(an)-358(enormously)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wealthy)-257(class,)-260(intoxicated)-257(with)-258(the)-257(splendour)-258(of)-257(imperial)-257(power,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-294(ambitious)-294(to)-294(create)-294(monuments)-294(worthy)-294(of)-294(an)-294(imperial)-293(race.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Moreover,)-471(the)-427(Roman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.389 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-427(energy)-427(always)-427(exulted)-427(in)-427(triumphing)]TJ -104.022 -13.55 Td [(over)-316(natural)-316(difficulties.)-449(Just)-316(as)-317(he)-316(drove)-316(his)-316(roads)-316(unswerving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(over)-239(mountain)-238(and)-239(swamp,)-241(so)-239(he)-238(took)-239(a)-239(pride)-238(in)-239(rearing)-239(his)-238(piles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-354(masonry)-354(on)-354(the)-355(most)-354(obstinate)-354(and)-354(defiant)-354(sites,)-380(or)-354(even)-354(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-337(middle)-336(of)-337(the)-336(waves.)-510(But,)-358(in)-337(the)-336(extent)-337(of)-337(their)-336(parks,)-358(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(variety)-329(of)-329(floral)-329(display,)-349(the)-329(Romans)-329(of)-329(the)-328(most)-329(luxurious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(age)-309(seldom)-309(reached)-309(the)-309(modern)-309(English)-309(standard.)-427(The)-309(grounds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-429(the)-429(villas)-429(which,)-473(in)-429(thick)-429(succession,)-474(lined)-429(the)-428(Laurentine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-402(Campanian)-403(shore,)-440(cannot)-403(have)-402(been)-403(very)-402(extensive.)-707(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-341(splendid)-341(views)-341(from)-341(his)-342(windows)-341(of)-341(forest,)-364(mountain,)-363(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meadow,)-450(but)-411(the)-410(scene)-410(lies)-411(plainly)-410(beyond)-410(the)-411(bounds)-410(of)-410(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(demesne.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.898 3.959 Td [(1025)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.125 -3.959 Td [(The)-401(gardens)-402(and)-401(shrubberies)-402(are)-401(very)-402(artificial,)]TJ -65.023 -13.549 Td [(arranged)-421(in)-422(terraces)-421(or)-422(labyrinths)-421(close)-422(to)-421(the)-422(house,)-464(or)-421(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.086 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.274 Td [(1023)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.434 0 Td [(Silv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(i.)-250(3,)-250(50;)-250(ii.)-250(2,)-250(63)-250(sq.;)-250(Mart.)-250(iv.)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.062 -7.311 Td [(1024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)-250(iii.)-250(196;)-250(cf.)-250(Croiset,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 97.885 0 Td [(Lucien)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.407 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(ix.)-250(p.)-250(265;)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 75.461 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(ii.)-250(611.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -232.371 -7.394 Td [(1025)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(v.)-250(6,)-250(7;)-250(cf.)-250(ii.)-250(17,)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1066 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1067 0 R /Resources 1065 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1064 0 R >> endobj 1065 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1070 0 obj << /Length 5528 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(219)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(hedges)-439(of)-440(box)-439(clipped)-440(into)-439(shapes)-440(of)-439(animals)-440(along)-439(an)-439(open)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colonnade.)-1081(The)-527(hippodrome)-527(at)-527(his)-527(Tuscan)-527(seat,)-596(for)-527(riding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exercise,)-368(is)-345(formed)-344(by)-345(lines)-344(of)-345(box)-344(and)-345(laurel)-344(and)-345(cypress)-344(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plane)-240(tree.)-247(The)-240(fig)-240(and)-240(mulberry)-241(form)-240(a)-240(garden)-240(at)-240(the)-240(Laurentine)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(villa.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 22.124 3.959 Td [(1026)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.973 -3.959 Td [(The)-275(cultivated)-274(flowers)-275(are)-275(few,)-281(only)-274(roses)-275(and)-275(violets.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.927 0 Td [([179])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(But)-405(the)-406(Romans)-405(made)-406(up)-405(for)-406(variety)-405(by)-406(lavish)-405(profusion.)-716(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(Neronian)-273(orgies)-272(a)-272(fortune)-272(was)-273(sometimes)-272(spent)-272(on)-272(Egyptian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(roses)-250(for)-250(a)-250(single)-250(banquet.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.218 3.959 Td [(1027)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -102.262 -21.916 Td [(We)-311(might)-311(almost)-311(conjecture)-311(how)-311(the)-311(days)-311(passed)-311(amid)-310(such)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(scenes,)-443(even)-405(without)-404(any)-405(formal)-405(diary.)-713(But)-405(Pliny)-404(has)-405(left)-404(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(two)-305(descriptions)-306(of)-305(a)-305(gentleman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 141.789 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-305(day)-306(in)-305(the)-305(country.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 91.192 3.958 Td [(1028)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.976 -3.958 Td [(Pliny)]TJ -257.59 -13.55 Td [(himself,)-447(as)-407(we)-408(might)-407(expect,)-447(awoke)-407(early,)-447(about)-407(six)-407(o)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 250.641 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(clock,)]TJ -254.274 -13.549 Td [(and)-345(in)-346(one)-345(of)-346(those)-345(sleeping-rooms,)-370(so)-345(carefully)-346(shut)-345(off)-345(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(voices)-296(of)-296(nature)-297(or)-296(from)-297(household)-296(noise,)-309(with)-296(shutters)-296(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(closed,)-366(he)-342(meditated)-342(some)-343(literary)-342(piece.)-527(Then,)-366(calling)-342(for)-342(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amanuensis,)-390(he)-361(dictated)-362(what)-362(he)-361(had)-362(composed.)-585(About)-362(ten)-361(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(eleven,)-471(he)-427(passed)-427(into)-427(a)-427(shady)-427(cloister,)-471(opening)-427(on)-427(a)-427(bed)-426(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(violets,)-249(or)-248(a)-248(grove)-248(of)-248(plane)-248(trees,)-249(where)-248(he)-248(continued)-248(his)-248(literary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(work.)-672(Then)-391(followed)-390(a)-391(drive,)-426(during)-390(which,)-426(according)-391(to)-390(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(uncle)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.629 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-214(precept)-215(and)-214(example,)-221(his)-215(studies)-214(were)-214(still)-215(continued.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.93 3.959 Td [(1029)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(A)-265(short)-265(siesta,)-268(a)-265(walk,)-269(declamation)-265(in)-264(Greek)-265(and)-265(Latin,)-269(after)-264(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(habit)-212(of)-213(Cicero,)-220(gymnastic)-212(exercise,)-220(and)-212(the)-213(bath,)-220(filled)-212(the)-212(space)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(till)-229(dinner)-228(time)-229(arrived.)-243(During)-228(this)-229(meal,)-233(a)-229(book)-228(was)-229(read)-228(aloud,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-228(the)-228(evening)-228(hours)-228(were)-228(enlivened)-228(by)-228(acting)-228(or)-228(music)-228(and)-227(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(society)-346(of)-345(friends.)-537(Occasional)-346(hunting)-345(and)-346(the)-346(cares)-345(of)-346(a)-345(rural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(estate)-248(came)-248(in)-248(to)-248(vary)-248(this)-248(routine.)-249(The)-248(round)-248(of)-248(Spurinna)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 251.569 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-248(day,)]TJ -255.202 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(excited)-251(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.67 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(admiration)-251(by)-250(its)-250(rigid)-251(regularity,)-250(is)-251(pretty)]TJ -90.303 -13.55 Td [(much)-310(the)-310(same)-309(as)-310(his)-310(own,)-325(except)-309(that)-310(Spurinna)-310(seems)-310(to)-309(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(talked)-250(more)-250(and)-250(read)-250(less.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 113.607 3.959 Td [(1030)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.43 Td [(1026)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(17,)-250(\247)-250(15;)-250(v.)-250(6,)-250(\247)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1027)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xxvii.;)-250(Friedl.)-250(iii.)-250(77)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.053 -7.311 Td [(1028)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ix.)-250(36;)-250(iii.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.31 Td [(1029)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(5,)-250(\247)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1030)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1069 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1070 0 R /Resources 1068 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1064 0 R >> endobj 1071 0 obj << /D [1069 0 R /XYZ 154.85 463.978 null] >> endobj 1068 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1074 0 obj << /Length 4992 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(220)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(To)-434(the)-434(ordinary)-434(English)-434(squire)-434(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 169.126 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-434(studious)-434(life)-434(in)-434(the)]TJ -184.715 -13.549 Td [(country)-407(would)-407(not)-408(seem)-407(very)-407(attractive.)-722(And)-407(his)-407(pretence)-407(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sport)-487(was)-487(probably)-487(ridiculed)-488(even)-487(in)-487(his)-487(own)-487(day.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.94 3.959 Td [(1031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.927 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.549 Td [(his)-389(Letters)-388(give)-389(glimpses)-388(of)-389(a)-389(rural)-388(society)-389(which,)-423(both)-389(in)-388(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pleasures)-225(and)-226(its)-225(cares,)-230(has)-226(probably)-225(been)-225(always)-226(much)-225(the)-225(same)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-293(one)-293(age)-294(to)-293(another)-293(in)-293(Europe.)-380(On)-293(his)-293(way)-293(to)-293(Como,)-304(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-344(turned)-343(aside)-344(for)-343(a)-344(couple)-344(of)-343(days)-344(to)-343(his)-344(Tuscan)-343(estate,)-367(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(join)-412(in)-413(the)-412(dedication)-413(of)-412(a)-413(temple)-412(which)-413(he)-412(had)-413(built)-412(for)-412(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people)-459(of)-459(Tifernum)-459(Tiberinum.)-877(The)-459(consecration)-459(was)-459(to)-459(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(followed)-351(by)-351(a)-351(dinner)-350(to)-351(his)-351(good)-351(neighbours,)-376(who)-351(had)-350(elected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-233(patron)-232(of)-233(their)-233(township,)-236(who)-233(were)-233(very)-232(proud)-233(of)-233(his)-232(career,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-413(greeted)-414(him)-413(warmly)-413(whenever)-414(he)-413(came)-413(among)-414(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1032)]TJ -336.947 -3.959 Td [([180])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(There)-354(is)-355(also)-354(the)-355(record)-354(of)-354(the)-355(restoration,)-380(in)-355(obedience)-354(to)-354(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(warning)-255(of)-255(a)-255(diviner,)-257(of)-255(an)-255(ancient)-255(temple)-255(of)-255(Ceres)-255(on)-255(his)-255(lands,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-334(colonnades)-334(to)-335(shelter)-334(the)-334(worshippers)-334(who)-334(frequented)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shrine.)-378(And)-293(the)-292(venerable)-293(wooden)-292(statue)-293(of)-293(the)-292(goddess,)-303(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-268(much)-268(decayed,)-273(had)-268(to)-268(be)-268(replaced)-268(by)-268(a)-268(more)-268(artistic)-268(image.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-388(the)-388(life)-389(of)-388(a)-388(Roman)-388(proprietor,)-423(of)-388(course,)-423(had)-388(its)-388(prosaic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-276(troublesome)-276(side)-276(which)-276(Pliny)-276(does)-276(not)-276(conceal.)-328(There)-276(is)-275(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interesting)-356(letter)-356(in)-356(which)-356(he)-356(consults)-356(a)-356(friend)-356(on)-356(the)-356(question)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-349(the)-348(purchase)-349(of)-348(an)-349(estate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.157 3.959 Td [(1033)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.393 -3.959 Td [(It)-349(adjoined,)-373(or)-348(rather)-349(cut)-349(into)]TJ -149.55 -13.549 Td [(his)-282(own)-281(lands.)-345(It)-282(could)-281(be)-282(managed)-282(by)-281(the)-282(same)-281(bailiff,)-290(and)-281(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-237(staff)-237(of)-237(labourers)-237(and)-237(artisans)-237(would)-237(serve)-237(for)-237(both)-236(estates.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(On)-297(the)-298(other)-297(hand,)-310(Pliny)-297(thinks,)-309(it)-298(is)-297(better)-298(not)-297(to)-298(put)-297(too)-297(many)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(eggs)-319(into)-319(one)-318(basket.)-457(It)-319(is)-318(more)-319(prudent)-319(to)-319(have)-319(estates)-318(widely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dispersed,)-339(and)-321(thus)-321(less)-321(exposed)-321(to)-321(a)-321(single)-321(stroke)-321(of)-320(calamity.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Moreover)-381(this)-381(estate,)-413(however)-381(tempting,)-413(with)-381(its)-381(fertile,)-413(well-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(watered)-336(meadows,)-356(its)-336(vineyards)-335(and)-336(woods,)-357(is)-335(burdened)-336(by)-335(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(insolvent)-280(tenantry,)-286(who,)-287(through)-280(faulty)-279(management,)-287(have)-279(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(allowed)-296(to)-295(fall)-296(into)-296(arrear.)-387(Pliny,)-307(however,)-307(is)-295(tempted)-296(to)-296(buy)-295(at)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(1031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ix.)-250(36,)-250(\247)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1032)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iv.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.311 Td [(1033)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(19.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1073 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1074 0 R /Resources 1072 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1064 0 R >> endobj 1075 0 obj << /D [1073 0 R /XYZ 256.652 369.134 null] >> endobj 1072 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1078 0 obj << /Length 5958 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(221)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-332(greatly)-332(reduced)-332(price,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.071 3.959 Td [(1034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.286 -3.959 Td [(and,)-353(in)-332(order)-332(to)-332(meet)-332(the)-332(payment,)]TJ -125.357 -13.549 Td [(although)-398(his)-398(wealth)-397(is)-398(nearly)-398(all)-398(in)-398(land,)-434(he)-398(can)-398(call)-398(in)-397(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(loans)-465(at)-465(interest,)-518(and)-465(the)-465(balance)-465(can)-465(be)-465(borrowed)-465(from)-464(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(father-in-law,)-334(whose)-317(purse)-317(is)-317(always)-318(at)-317(his)-317(disposal.)-451(Pliny)-317(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sometimes)-192(worried)-192(by)-192(the)-193(complaints)-192(of)-192(the)-192(people)-192(on)-192(his)-192(estates,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-214(finds)-213(it)-214(very)-213(difficult)-214(to)-213(secure)-214(solvent)-213(tenants)-214(on)-213(a)-214(five)-213(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lease.)-551(He)-351(made)-350(liberal)-351(remissions)-350(of)-351(rent,)-375(but)-351(arrears)-350(went)-350(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accumulating,)-431(until)-395(the)-394(tenant)-395(in)-395(despair)-394(gave)-395(up)-395(any)-394(attempt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-432(repay)-431(his)-432(debt.)-795(In)-432(this)-431(extremity,)-477(Pliny)-432(resolved)-432(to)-431(adopt)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-366(different)-366(system)-366(of)-366(letting.)-597(He)-366(substituted)-366(for)-366(a)-366(fixed)-366(rent)-365(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-222(proportion)-221(of)-222(the)-222(produce,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 145.698 3.959 Td [(1035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.918 -3.959 Td [(in)-222(fact)-221(the)-222(m\351tayer)-222(system,)]TJ -164.616 -13.549 Td [(and)-232(employed)-232(some)-232(of)-232(his)-232(people)-232(to)-232(see)-232(that)-232(the)-232(returns)-232(were)-232(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fraudulently)-326(diminished.)-476(At)-326(another)-325(time)-326(he)-325(is)-326(embarrassed)-325(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(finding)-306(that,)-320(owing)-306(to)-306(a)-306(bad)-306(vintage,)-320(the)-306(men)-306(who)-306(have)-305(bought)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([181])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(his)-288(grapes)-289(in)-288(advance)-288(are)-289(going)-288(to)-288(be)-289(heavy)-288(losers.)-365(He)-288(makes)-288(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(uniform)-302(remission)-301(to)-302(all)-302(of)-301(about)-302(twelve)-302(per)-301(cent.)-405(But)-302(he)-301(gives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-210(additional)-209(advantage)-209(to)-210(the)-209(large)-210(buyers,)-218(and)-209(to)-209(those)-210(who)-209(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-235(prompt)-235(in)-235(their)-235(payments.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.396 3.959 Td [(1036)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.111 -3.959 Td [(It)-235(is)-235(characteristic)-235(of)-235(the)-235(man)]TJ -154.507 -13.549 Td [(that)-288(he)-287(says,)-297(quite)-287(naturally,)-297(that)-288(the)-287(landlord)-288(should)-287(share)-287(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-250(tenant)-250(such)-250(risks)-250(from)-250(the)-250(fickleness)-250(of)-250(nature.)]TJ 11.956 -20.411 Td [(So)-479(good)-478(a)-479(man)-479(was)-479(sure)-478(to)-479(be)-479(far)-478(more)-479(afflicted)-479(by)-478(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(troubles)-351(of)-350(his)-351(dependents)-350(than)-351(by)-350(any)-351(pecuniary)-350(losses)-351(of)-350(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(own.)-292(One)-265(year,)-267(there)-264(were)-265(many)-264(deaths)-264(among)-264(his)-264(slaves.)-292(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feels)-302(this)-302(acutely,)-315(but)-302(he)-302(consoles)-302(himself)-302(by)-302(the)-302(reflection)-302(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-427(has)-426(been)-427(liberal)-426(in)-427(manumission,)-470(and)-427(still)-426(more)-427(liberal)-426(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(allowing)-285(his)-285(slaves)-285(to)-285(make)-284(their)-285(wills,)-294(the)-285(validity)-285(of)-285(which)-284(he)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 153.881 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.068 Td [(1034)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.449 0 Td [(\247)-305(7.)-417(This)-305(estate)-305(was)-306(once)-305(worth)-306(HS.5,000,000;)-333(it)-305(was)-305(now)-306(offered)-305(for)]TJ -24.405 -10.958 Td [(HS.3,000,000,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.446 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.516 0 Td [(\24325,000;)-303(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.751 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.762 0 Td [(iv.)-356(6;)-303(ii.)-356(4,)-294(3.)-356(The)-286(letter)-285(iii.)-356(19)-286(belongs)-285(to)]TJ -129.475 -10.959 Td [(the)-264(year)-263(101)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 46.93 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(;)-270(but)-264(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.08 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.567 0 Td [(vi.)-291(19)-264(\050106)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 41.956 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(\051)-264(it)-263(appears)-264(that)-264(the)-263(price)-264(of)-264(land)]TJ -163.489 -10.959 Td [(was)-327(rising,)-347(owing)-327(to)-327(competition,)-347(and)-327(Pliny)-327(advises)-327(Nepos)-327(to)-328(sell)-327(his)-327(Italian)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(estates)-250(and)-250(buy)-250(others)-250(in)-250(the)-250(provinces;)-250(cf.)-250(vi.)-250(3,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(1035)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.861 0 Td [(ix.)-389(37,)-308(medendi)-297(una)-296(ratio,)-308(si)-297(non)-296(nummo)-297(sed)-296(partibus)-297(locem;)-319(cf.)-390(J.)-296(S.)]TJ -26.817 -10.959 Td [(Mill,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.933 0 Td [(Pol.)-250(Econ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.846 0 Td [(bk.)-250(ii.)-250(c.)-250(8,)-250(1;)-250(A.)-250(Young,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 89.413 0 Td [(Travels)-250(in)-250(France)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.253 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -216.184 -7.311 Td [(1036)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(viii.)-250(2;)-250(ix.)-250(37,)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1077 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1078 0 R /Resources 1076 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1064 0 R >> endobj 1079 0 obj << /D [1077 0 R /XYZ 212.247 342.036 null] >> endobj 1076 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1082 0 obj << /Length 6672 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(222)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(maintains)-326(as)-325(if)-326(they)-325(were)-326(legal)-325(instruments.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.313 3.959 Td [(1037)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.637 -3.959 Td [(If)-326(Pliny)-325(shows)]TJ -215.95 -13.549 Td [(a)-476(little)-476(too)-477(much)-476(self-complacency)-476(in)-476(this)-476(human)-476(sympathy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-495(can)-494(be)-495(no)-494(doubt)-495(that,)-556(like)-494(Seneca,)-556(he)-494(felt)-495(that)-494(slaves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-379(humble)-379(friends,)-411(men)-379(of)-379(the)-379(same)-379(flesh)-379(and)-379(blood)-379(as)-379(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(master,)-515(and)-462(that)-462(the)-462(master)-462(has)-462(a)-462(moral)-462(duty)-462(towards)-461(them,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quite)-341(apart)-341(from)-340(the)-341(legal)-341(conventions)-341(of)-340(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.994 3.959 Td [(1038)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.137 -3.959 Td [(When)-341(his)]TJ -238.131 -13.549 Td [(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.386 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-348(grandfather)-348(proposed)-349(to)-348(make)-348(numerous)-348(manumissions,)]TJ -23.019 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)-317(rejoiced)-318(greatly)-317(at)-317(the)-318(accession)-317(of)-317(so)-318(many)-317(new)-317(citizens)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-358(the)-358(municipality.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.512 3.958 Td [(1039)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.699 -3.958 Td [(When)-358(his)-358(favourite)-358(reader,)-385(Encolpius,)]TJ -110.211 -13.55 Td [(was)-213(seized)-213(with)-212(hemorrhage,)-221(Pliny)-212(displayed)-213(a)-213(genuine)-213(and)-212(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affectionate)-386(concern)-385(for)-386(the)-385(humble)-386(partner)-385(of)-386(his)-386(studies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1040)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Another)-278(member)-277(of)-278(his)-278(household,)-284(a)-278(freedman)-278(named)-277(Zosimus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suffered)-372(from)-372(the)-372(same)-371(malady.)-616(Zosimus)-372(seems)-372(to)-372(have)-371(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-386(most)-386(excellent,)-420(loyal,)-419(and)-386(accomplished)-386(man.)-658(He)-386(was)-385(very)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(versatile,)-248(a)-248(comedian,)-249(a)-248(musician,)-248(a)-248(tasteful)-248(reader)-248(of)-248(every)-248(kind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-433(literature.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.916 3.959 Td [(1041)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.143 -3.959 Td [(His)-433(patron)-432(sent)-433(him)-433(to)-432(Egypt)-433(to)-432(recruit)-433(his)]TJ -81.059 -13.549 Td [(health.)-239(But,)-224(from)-217(putting)-218(too)-217(great)-218(a)-217(strain)-217(upon)-218(his)-217(voice,)-224(he)-217(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-292(return)-291(of)-292(his)-291(dangerous)-292(illness,)-301(and)-292(once)-291(more)-292(needed)-291(change)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-313(air.)-438(Pliny)-313(determined)-312(to)-313(send)-313(him)-312(to)-313(the)-313(Riviera,)-328(and)-313(begs)-312(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(friend,)-300(Paulinus,)-301(to)-290(let)-290(Zosimus)-291(have)-290(the)-290(use)-290(of)-291(his)-290(villa)-290(and)-290(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary)-250(attention,)-250(for)-250(which)-249(Pliny)-250(will)-250(bear)-250(the)-250(cost.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.921 3.959 Td [(1042)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.165 -3.959 Td [(In)-250(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -328.842 0 Td [([182])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(social)-355(relations)-354(with)-355(his)-355(freedmen)-354(Pliny)-355(always)-355(shows)-354(himself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-294(perfect,)-305(kindly)-294(gentleman.)-382(Juvenal)-294(and)-294(Martial)-294(poured)-294(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scorn)-197(on)-198(those)-197(unequal)-197(dinners,)-208(where)-197(the)-198(guests)-197(were)-197(graduated,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 187.156 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 180.344 Td [(1037)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.11 0 Td [(viii.)-303(16;)-276(cf.)-303(the)-268(Lex)-267(Coll.)-303(Cultorum)-267(Dianae)-268(et)-268(Antinoi,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 198.405 0 Td [(Or.)-303(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.985 0 Td [(6086.)]TJ -260.456 -10.959 Td [(The)-307(slave)-307(member)-308(is)-307(permitted)-307(to)-307(dispose)-308(of)-307(his)-307(funeraticium)-307(by)-307(will.)-422(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 0 -10.959 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.924 0 Td [(i.)-250(189.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -22.663 -7.311 Td [(1038)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.655 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.018 0 Td [(31;)-346(47;)-346(77;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.685 0 Td [(De)-314(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.256 0 Td [(i.)-442(18,)-330(3;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.944 0 Td [(De)-314(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.27 0 Td [(iii.)-442(21;)-346(Juv.)-442(xiv.)-442(16;)-346(D.)]TJ -192.784 -10.959 Td [(Chr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.311 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.571 0 Td [(x.;)-271(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.438 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.537 0 Td [(18,)-268(\247)-264(7;)-271(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 63.897 0 Td [(Rel.)-292(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.858 0 Td [(ii.)-292(358;)-271(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.779 0 Td [(des)-264(Id\351es)]TJ -247.391 -10.959 Td [(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(,)-250(etc.,)-250(ii.)-250(208)-250(sq.;)-250(Wallon,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 92.65 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Esclav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(i.)-250(c.)-250(11;)-250(Marq.)-250(i.)-250(189.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -161.632 -7.31 Td [(1039)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.576 0 Td [(vii.)-294(32.)-294(Fabatus)-265(seems)-265(to)-264(have)-265(been)-265(a)-265(model)-264(country)-265(squire;)-272(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 230.304 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.577 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ -271.413 -10.959 Td [(1;)-250(v.)-250(11;)-250(vi.)-250(12;)-250(vii.)-250(11;)-250(viii.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1040)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(viii.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1041)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(v.)-250(19;)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.05 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(27,)-250(\247)-250(6;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.296 0 Td [(SG.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(iii.)-250(89;)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.566 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.924 0 Td [(i.)-250(158.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -233.367 -7.311 Td [(1042)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(v.)-250(19.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1081 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1082 0 R /Resources 1080 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1064 0 R >> endobj 1083 0 obj << /D [1081 0 R /XYZ 272.606 247.191 null] >> endobj 1080 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1086 0 obj << /Length 5297 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(223)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-373(where)-374(poorer)-373(wine)-373(and)-373(coarser)-373(viands)-374(were)-373(served)-373(out)-373(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-354(of)-354(humble)-354(degree.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.234 3.959 Td [(1043)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.573 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)-354(was)-354(present)-354(at)-355(one)-354(of)-354(these)]TJ -130.807 -13.549 Td [(entertainments,)-483(and)-436(he)-436(expresses)-436(his)-435(contempt)-436(for)-436(the)-436(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(host)-391(in)-390(terms)-391(of)-391(unwonted)-390(energy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.746 3.958 Td [(1044)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.77 -3.958 Td [(His)-391(own)-390(freedmen,)-426(as)]TJ -180.516 -13.55 Td [(he)-316(tells)-315(a)-316(fellow-guest,)-332(are)-316(entertained)-315(as)-316(equals)-315(at)-316(his)-316(table.)-446(If)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-384(man)-384(fears)-385(the)-384(expense,)-417(he)-385(can)-384(find)-384(a)-384(remedy)-384(by)-384(restraining)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-410(own)-411(luxury,)-450(and)-411(sharing)-410(the)-411(plain)-410(fare)-411(which)-410(he)-410(imposes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-296(his)-296(company.)-387(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.083 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-296(relations)-296(with)-296(his)-295(slaves)-296(and)-296(freedmen)]TJ -103.716 -13.549 Td [(were)-315(very)-316(like)-315(those)-316(which)-315(the)-315(kindly)-316(English)-315(squire)-315(cultivates)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(towards)-331(his)-331(household)-332(and)-331(dependents.)-493(The)-331(affectionate)-331(regret)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-313(a)-313(good)-313(master)-313(or)-313(mistress,)-329(recorded)-313(on)-313(many)-313(an)-312(inscription)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(that)-250(age,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.77 3.959 Td [(1045)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.164 -3.959 Td [(shows)-250(that)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.126 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(household)-250(was)-249(by)-250(no)-250(means)-250(a)]TJ -143.692 -13.549 Td [(rare)-250(exception.)]TJ 11.956 -15.903 Td [(Yet)-401(the)-401(Letters)-401(of)-401(Pliny,)-439(with)-401(all)-401(their)-401(charity)-401(and)-400(tranquil)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(optimism,)-596(reveal)-527(now)-527(and)-527(then)-527(a)-527(darker)-527(side)-527(of)-526(household)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slavery.)-334(A)-278(man)-278(of)-278(praetorian)-278(rank)-278(named)-278(Largius)-278(Macedo,)-284(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forgot,)-183(or)-167(perhaps)-167(too)-166(vividly)-167(remembered,)-183(his)-167(own)-167(servile)-166(origin,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-192(known)-191(as)-192(a)-191(cruel)-192(and)-192(haughty)-191(master.)-231(While)-191(he)-192(was)-191(enjoying)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-305(bath)-304(in)-305(his)-305(Formian)-305(villa,)-318(he)-305(was)-304(suddenly)-305(surrounded)-305(by)-304(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throng)-253(of)-254(angry)-253(slaves)-254(who,)-254(with)-254(every)-253(expression)-254(of)-253(hatred)-253(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(loathing,)-288(inflicted)-280(on)-280(him)-280(such)-280(injuries)-280(that)-280(he)-280(was)-280(left)-280(for)-280(dead)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-276(the)-275(glowing)-276(pavement.)-327(He)-275(seemed,)-282(or)-276(pretended)-275(for)-276(a)-275(while,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-272(be)-272(dead.)-316(A)-272(few)-272(who)-272(remained)-272(faithful)-272(took)-272(up)-272(the)-271(apparently)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lifeless)-245(corpse,)-246(amid)-245(the)-244(shrieks)-245(of)-245(his)-245(concubines,)-246(and)-245(bore)-244(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-251(the)-250(Frigidarium.)-252(The)-250(coolness)-250(and)-251(the)-250(clamour)-251(recalled)-250(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-323(his)-323(swoon.)-469(The)-323(would-be)-323(murderers)-323(meanwhile)-323(had)-322(fled,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-321(many)-321(of)-321(them)-321(were)-320(caught)-321(in)-321(the)-321(end,)-339(and)-321(the)-321(outrage)-320(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sternly)-313(avenged.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.19 3.958 Td [(1046)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.24 -3.958 Td [(In)-313(another)-314(letter,)-329(Pliny)-313(tells)-314(the)-313(tale)-314(of)-313(the)]TJ -93.43 -13.55 Td [(mysterious)-348(disappearance)-349(of)-348(one)-348(Metilius)-349(Crispus,)-373(a)-348(citizen)-348(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Como,)-298(for)-289(whom)-288(Pliny)-289(had)-289(obtained)-288(equestrian)-289(rank,)-298(and)-288(made)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.394 Td [(1043)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(i.)-250(44;)-250(iii.)-250(49;)-250(Juv.)-250(v.)-250(25)-250(sqq.;)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 154.176 0 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.123 0 Td [(vi.)-250(33,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -199.994 -7.311 Td [(1044)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ii.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.394 Td [(1045)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2862,)-250(2874,)-250(6389.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1046)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iii.)-250(14.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1085 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1086 0 R /Resources 1084 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1087 0 R >> endobj 1084 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1090 0 obj << /Length 6506 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(224)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(him)-404(a)-404(gift)-404(of)-404(the)-405(required)-404(HS.400,000.)-712(Metilius)-404(set)-404(out)-404(on)-404(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(journey)-331(and)-331(was)-331(never)-331(heard)-331(of)-331(again.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.614 3.959 Td [(1047)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.818 -3.959 Td [(It)-331(is)-331(significant)-331(that)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -266.187 0 Td [([183])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-332(the)-331(slaves)-332(who)-332(attended)-332(him)-331(no)-332(one)-332(ever)-331(reappeared.)-495(Amid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-429(perils,)-473(says)-429(Pliny,)-473(do)-429(we)-428(masters)-429(live,)-473(and)-429(no)-428(kindness)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(can)-418(relieve)-417(us)-418(from)-417(alarm.)-752(Seneca)-418(remarks)-417(that)-418(the)-417(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(life)-318(is)-319(continually)-318(at)-318(the)-318(mercy)-319(of)-318(his)-318(slaves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.362 3.959 Td [(1048)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.4 -3.959 Td [(And)-318(the)-319(cruel)]TJ -219.762 -13.549 Td [(stringency)-250(of)-250(legislation)-250(shows)-250(how)-250(real)-250(was)-250(the)-250(peril.)]TJ 11.956 -16.652 Td [(Pliny)-365(was)-366(only)-365(an)-366(infant)-365(in)-365(the)-366(evil)-365(days)-366(when)-365(suicide)-365(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-362(one)-362(refuge)-362(from)-362(tyranny,)-390(when)-362(the)-362(lancet)-362(so)-362(often)-361(opened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(way)-313(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.256 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(eternal)-314(freedom.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.181 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.265 0 Td [(Yet,)-329(even)-314(in)-314(his)-313(later)-314(years,)-329(men)]TJ -135.546 -13.549 Td [(not)-279(unfrequently)-279(escaped)-279(from)-279(intolerable)-279(calamity)-279(or)-278(incurable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(disease)-164(by)-163(a)-164(voluntary)-163(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 122.568 3.959 Td [(1049)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.851 -3.959 Td [(The)-164(morality)-163(of)-164(suicide)-163(was)-164(long)]TJ -141.419 -13.549 Td [(a)-292(debated)-293(question.)-377(There)-292(were)-292(strict)-293(moralists)-292(who)-292(maintained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-264(it)-265(was)-264(never)-265(l)1(awful)-265(to)-264(quit)-265(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.897 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-264(post)-265(before)-264(the)-264(final)-265(signal)]TJ -156.53 -13.549 Td [(to)-464(retreat.)-893(Men)-464(like)-465(Seneca)-464(regarded)-464(it)-464(as)-465(a)-464(question)-464(to)-464(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(determined)-417(by)-416(circumstances)-417(and)-416(motives.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.993 3.959 Td [(1050)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.615 -3.959 Td [(He)-417(would)-416(not)]TJ -217.608 -13.549 Td [(palliate)-265(wild,)-270(impetuous)-265(self-murder,)-269(without)-266(a)-265(justifying)-265(cause.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(On)-351(the)-351(other)-352(hand,)-376(there)-351(might)-351(be,)-377(especially)-351(under)-351(a)-351(monster)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-207(Nero,)-216(cases)-207(in)-207(which)-208(it)-207(were)-207(mere)-207(folly)-208(not)-207(to)-207(choose)-207(an)-207(easy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emancipation)-214(rather)-214(than)-213(a)-214(certain)-214(death)-214(of)-214(torture)-214(and)-213(ignominy.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Eternal)-386(law,)-420(which)-386(has)-387(assigned)-386(a)-386(single)-386(entrance)-386(to)-386(this)-386(life,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-242(mercifully)-242(allowed)-241(us)-242(many)-242(exits.)-247(Any)-242(death)-242(is)-242(preferable)-241(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(servitude.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.72 3.959 Td [(1051)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.603 -3.959 Td [(So,)-267(in)-263(the)-263(case)-264(of)-263(disease)-263(and)-264(old)-263(age,)-267(it)-263(is)-263(merely)]TJ -62.323 -13.549 Td [(a)-327(question)-328(whether)-327(the)-328(remainder)-327(of)-328(life)-327(is)-327(worth)-328(living.)-482(If)-327(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mental)-237(powers)-236(are)-237(falling)-237(into)-236(irreparable)-237(decay,)-239(if)-237(the)-237(malady)-236(is)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.204 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 169.391 Td [(1047)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.655 0 Td [(vi.)-485(25;)-368(cf.)-485(the)-328(similar)-329(fate)-328(of)-328(Lampridius,)-348(at)-329(the)-328(close)-328(of)-329(the)-328(Western)]TJ -24.611 -10.959 Td [(Empire)-250(in)-250(Gaul,)-250(Sid.)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 101.123 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(viii.)-250(11.)-250(\247)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -118.307 -7.31 Td [(1048)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(4,)-250(\247)-250(8;)-250(107,)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.311 Td [(1049)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-395(a)-396(great)-395(mass)-396(of)-395(instances)-395(and)-396(authorities)-395(collected,)-432(with)-395(his)-396(unique)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(learning,)-250(by)-250(Mayor,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 73.462 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iii.)-250(pp.)-250(114,)-250(115;)-250(cf.)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 106.852 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.924 0 Td [(p.)-250(212.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -230.378 -7.394 Td [(1050)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.121 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.841 0 Td [(24,)-305(\247)-294(11;)-317(58,)-305(\247)-294(36;)-316(70,)-306(\247)-294(8;)-316(117,)-305(\247)-295(22;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 141.443 0 Td [(De)-294(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.403 0 Td [(ii.)-383(10;)-316(vi.)-382(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.411 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.957 0 Td [(,)-267(iii.)-289(15;)-270(Epict.)-290(i.)-290(24;)-270(cf.)-290(ii.)-289(15;)-270(iii.)-290(24;)-270(M.)-263(Aurel.)-290(x.)-290(8;)-270(x.)-289(32;)-270(cf.)-290(Mommsen,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -10.957 -10.959 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.629 0 Td [(p.)-250(100.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -35.368 -7.394 Td [(1051)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.604 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.336 0 Td [(70,)-514(\247)-460(21,)-514(dum)-461(hoc)-461(constat)-461(praeferendam)-460(esse)-461(spurcissimam)]TJ -51.896 -10.959 Td [(mortem)-250(servituti)-250(mundissimae.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1089 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1090 0 R /Resources 1088 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1087 0 R >> endobj 1091 0 obj << /D [1089 0 R /XYZ 308.14 504.626 null] >> endobj 1088 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1094 0 obj << /Length 5949 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(225)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(tormenting)-254(and)-254(incurable,)-255(Seneca)-254(would)-254(permit)-254(the)-254(rational)-254(soul)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-378(quit)-378(abruptly)-377(its)-378(crumbling)-378(tenement,)-409(not)-378(to)-378(escape)-378(pain)-377(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weakness,)-250(but)-250(to)-250(shake)-250(off)-250(the)-250(slavery)-250(of)-250(a)-250(worthless)-250(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.644 3.959 Td [(1052)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -237.688 -19.498 Td [(Pliny)-331(was)-330(not)-331(a)-331(philosopher,)-350(and)-331(had)-331(no)-330(elaborate)-331(theory)-330(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(suicide)-428(or)-429(of)-428(anything)-429(else.)-785(But)-429(his)-428(opinion)-429(on)-428(the)-428(question)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-311(be)-311(gathered)-312(from)-311(his)-311(remarks)-311(on)-312(the)-311(case)-311(of)-311(Titius)-311(Aristo,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-504(learned)-503(jurist.)-1011(To)-503(rush)-504(on)-503(death,)-567(he)-504(says,)-566(is)-504(a)-503(vulgar,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commonplace)-247(act.)-250(But)-247(to)-247(balance)-248(the)-247(various)-247(motives,)-248(and)-247(make)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([184])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(a)-352(deliberate)-352(and)-352(rational)-352(choice)-353(may,)-377(in)-352(certain)-352(circumstances,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-289(the)-288(proof)-289(of)-288(a)-289(lofty)-288(mind.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 125.837 3.959 Td [(1053)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.426 -3.959 Td [(The)-288(cases)-289(of)-289(suicide)-288(described)]TJ -146.263 -13.549 Td [(in)-290(the)-290(Letters)-290(are)-289(nearly)-290(always)-290(cases)-290(of)-290(incurable)-290(or)-289(prolonged)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(disease.)-431(The)-311(best)-310(known)-311(is)-310(that)-311(of)-310(the)-311(luxurious)-310(Silius)-310(Italicus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-361(starved)-361(himself)-361(to)-361(death)-361(in)-361(his)-361(seventy-fifth)-361(year.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.11 3.959 Td [(1054)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.8 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(was)-197(afflicted)-196(with)-197(an)-197(incurable)-196(tumour,)-208(almost)-196(the)-197(only)-197(trouble)-196(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-269(long)-268(and)-269(happy)-268(life.)-306(Corellius)-269(Rufus,)-273(who)-268(had)-269(watched)-268(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-236(career)-236(with)-236(almost)-236(parental)-235(care,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.269 3.959 Td [(1055)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.043 -3.959 Td [(chose)-236(to)-236(end)-236(his)-235(life)]TJ -193.985 -13.549 Td [(in)-242(a)-241(similar)-242(manner.)-247(Pliny)-242(was)-241(immensely)-242(saddened)-241(by)-242(the)-241(close)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-176(a)-176(life)-176(which)-176(seemed)-176(to)-176(enjoy)-176(so)-176(many)-177(blessings,)-190(high)-176(character,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-193(reputation)-193(and)-193(influence,)-204(family)-193(love)-193(and)-193(friendship.)-231(Yet)-192(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(does)-257(not)-257(question)-258(the)-257(last)-257(resolve)-257(of)-257(Corellius.)-272(In)-257(his)-257(thirty-third)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(year)-272(he)-271(had)-272(been)-271(seized)-272(with)-271(hereditary)-272(gout.)-314(During)-272(the)-271(period)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-210(vigorous)-209(manhood,)-218(he)-209(had)-210(warded)-209(off)-210(its)-209(onsets)-209(by)-210(an)-209(extreme)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(abstinence.)-338(But)-280(as)-279(old)-280(age)-279(crept)-280(on,)-287(its)-279(tortures,)-287(wracking)-279(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(limb,)-365(became)-342(unendurable,)-366(and)-342(Corellius)-342(determined)-342(to)-342(put)-342(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(end)-257(to)-258(the)-257(hopeless)-258(struggle.)-272(His)-257(obstinacy)-257(was)-258(proof)-257(against)-257(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-179(entreaties)-179(of)-178(his)-179(wife)-179(and)-178(friends,)-193(and)-179(Pliny,)-193(who)-179(was)-179(called)-178(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.252 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.355 Td [(1052)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.558 0 Td [(58,)-215(\247)-206(36,)-215(non)-206(adferam)-206(mihi)-206(manus)-206(propter)-206(dolorem:)-228(hunc)-206(tamen)-207(si)-206(sciero)]TJ -23.514 -10.958 Td [(perpetuo)-186(mihi)-187(esse)-186(patiendum,)-200(exibo;)-207(non)-187(propter)-186(ipsum,)-199(sed)-187(quia)-186(impedimento)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(mihi)-234(futurus)-234(est)-234(ad)-234(omne)-233(propter)-234(quod)-234(vivitur)-234(...)-245(prosiliam)-233(ex)-234(aedificio)-234(putri)-234(ac)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(ruenti.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.395 Td [(1053)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.94 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.779 0 Td [(i.)-362(22,)-296(10;)-306(Aristo)-288(was)-287(a)-287(fine)-287(type)-288(of)-287(the)-287(puritan)-288(pagan,)-296(an)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 207.558 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(imago)]TJ -258.213 -10.958 Td [(priscae)-250(frugalitatis.)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 68.727 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -71.467 -7.395 Td [(1054)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.01 0 Td [(iii.)-270(7,)-258(1.)-269(For)-257(similar)-256(instances,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 109.709 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.523 0 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.108 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.503 0 Td [(70,)-258(\247)-257(6;)-260(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.711 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.987 0 Td [(xi.)-270(3;)-259(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -241.506 -10.959 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(53;)-250(Petron.)-250(111;)-250(Epict.)-250(ii.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -19.184 -7.394 Td [(1055)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ix.)-250(13,)-250(6;)-250(cf.)-250(iv.)-250(17,)-250(4;)-250(vii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1093 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1094 0 R /Resources 1092 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1087 0 R >> endobj 1095 0 obj << /D [1093 0 R /XYZ 46.771 421.341 null] >> endobj 1092 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1098 0 obj << /Length 5852 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(226)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(as)-197(a)-196(last)-197(resource,)-207(came)-197(only)-197(to)-196(hear)-197(the)-197(physician)-196(repelled)-197(for)-196(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-271(time)-270(with)-271(a)-271(single)-271(energetic)-270(word.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.698 3.959 Td [(1056)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.843 -3.959 Td [(Sailing)-271(once)-270(on)-271(Lake)]TJ -187.541 -13.549 Td [(Como,)-270(Pliny)-267(heard)-266(from)-267(an)-266(old)-266(friend)-267(the)-266(tragic)-266(tale)-267(of)-266(a)-266(double)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suicide)-261(from)-261(a)-261(verandah)-260(overhanging)-261(the)-261(lake.)-283(The)-261(husband)-260(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(long)-311(suffered)-311(from)-312(a)-311(loathsome)-311(and)-311(hopeless)-312(malady.)-433(His)-311(wife)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(insisted)-284(on)-285(knowing)-284(the)-284(truth,)-293(and,)-293(when)-284(it)-285(was)-284(revealed)-284(to)-284(her,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(she)-225(nerved)-224(him)-225(to)-225(end)-225(the)-224(cruel)-225(ordeal,)-230(and)-224(promised)-225(to)-225(bear)-224(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(company.)-250(Bound)-250(together,)-250(the)-250(pair)-250(took)-250(the)-250(fatal)-250(leap.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.418 3.959 Td [(1057)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -223.462 -26.277 Td [(In)-481(spite)-482(of)-481(his)-481(charity)-482(and)-481(optimism,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 173.021 3.959 Td [(1058)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.321 -3.959 Td [(it)-481(would)-482(not)-481(be)]TJ -207.298 -13.549 Td [(altogether)-470(true)-470(to)-470(say)-470(that)-470(Pliny)-470(was)-470(blind)-470(to)-470(the)-470(faults)-470(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vices)-283(of)-284(his)-283(time.)-350(He)-284(speaks,)-291(with)-284(almost)-283(Tacitean)-283(scorn,)-292(of)-283(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rewards)-396(which)-396(awaited)-395(a)-396(calculating)-396(childlessness,)-432(and)-396(of)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eager)-336(servility)-336(of)-336(the)-336(will-hunter.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.668 3.959 Td [(1059)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.982 -3.959 Td [(In)-336(recommending)-336(a)-336(tutor)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -242.405 0 Td [([185])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(for)-214(the)-214(son)-214(of)-214(Corellia)-214(Hispulla,)-221(he)-214(regards)-214(the)-214(teacher)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 233.449 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-214(stainless)]TJ -237.082 -13.549 Td [(character)-396(as)-396(of)-397(paramount)-396(importance)-396(in)-396(an)-396(age)-396(of)-396(dangerous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(licence,)-257(when)-255(youth)-255(was)-256(beset)-255(with)-255(manifold)-256(seductions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.57 3.958 Td [(1060)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.34 -3.958 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.55 Td [(blushes)-327(for)-328(the)-327(degradation)-328(of)-327(senatorial)-328(character)-327(displayed)-327(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-355(scurrilous)-355(or)-355(obscene)-355(entries)-355(which)-355(were)-355(sometimes)-355(found)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-428(the)-428(voting)-428(tablets)-428(of)-428(the)-428(august)-428(body.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.742 3.959 Td [(1061)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.993 -3.959 Td [(The)-428(decline)-428(of)]TJ -213.735 -13.549 Td [(modesty)-452(and)-453(courteous)-452(deference)-452(in)-453(the)-452(young)-452(towards)-452(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elders)-276(greatly)-276(afflicted)-276(so)-276(courteous)-276(a)-276(gentleman.)-328(There)-275(seemed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-409(be)-408(no)-409(respect)-409(left)-409(for)-408(age)-409(or)-409(authority.)-726(With)-409(their)-408(fancied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(omniscience)-328(and)-328(intuitive)-328(wisdom,)-347(young)-328(men)-328(disdain)-328(to)-327(learn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-437(any)-436(one)-437(or)-436(to)-437(imitate)-436(any)-437(example;)-530(they)-436(are)-437(their)-436(own)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.532 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 169.636 Td [(1056)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(12,)-250(10.)-250(It)-250(is)-250(characteristic)-250(of)-250(the)-250(time)-250(that)-250(his)-250(last)-250(word)-250(was)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 220.895 0 Td [(\272\255\272\301\271\272\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.114 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -276.656 -7.394 Td [(1057)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1058)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Pliny)-317(boasts)-316(of)-317(idealising)-316(his)-317(friends;)-350(vii.)-449(28,)-334(agnosco)-316(crimen....)-450(Ut)-317(enim)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(non)-250(sint)-250(tales)-250(quales)-250(a)-250(me)-250(praedicantur,)-250(ego)-250(tamen)-250(beatus)-250(quod)-250(mihi)-250(videntur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(1059)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.156 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.851 0 Td [(viii.)-386(18;)-318(iv.)-386(21;)-318(viii.)-386(10,)-306(11,)-307(neque)-295(enim)-296(ardentius)-295(tu)-295(pronepotes)]TJ -46.963 -10.959 Td [(quam)-275(ego)-274(liberos)-275(cupio;)-286(cf.)-324(iv.)-323(15,)-281(3,)-281(fecunditate)-274(uxoris)-275(frui)-274(voluit)-275(eo)-274(saeculo)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(quo)-250(plerisque)-250(etiam)-250(singulos)-250(filios)-250(orbitatis)-250(praemia)-250(graves)-250(faciunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1060)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(3,)-250(in)-250(hac)-250(licentia)-250(temporum.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1061)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.922 0 Td [(iv.)-575(25,)-385(proximis)-358(comitiis)-358(in)-359(quibusdam)-358(tabellis)-358(multa)-358(jocularia)-358(atque)]TJ -24.877 -10.959 Td [(etiam)-250(foeda)-250(dictu)-250(...)-250(inventa)-250(sunt.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1097 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1098 0 R /Resources 1096 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1087 0 R >> endobj 1099 0 obj << /D [1097 0 R /XYZ 93.543 346.816 null] >> endobj 1096 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1102 0 obj << /Length 5627 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(227)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(models.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.244 3.959 Td [(1062)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.811 -3.959 Td [(Among)-423(the)-422(many)-423(spotless)-422(and)-423(charming)-422(women)]TJ -59.055 -13.549 Td [(of)-372(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.187 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-372(circle,)-403(there)-372(is)-372(one)-372(curious)-372(exception,)-403(one,)-402(we)-372(may)]TJ -39.819 -13.549 Td [(venture)-327(to)-326(surmise,)-346(who)-327(had)-326(been)-327(formed)-327(in)-326(the)-327(Neronian)-326(age.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ummidia)-329(Quadratilla)-329(was)-330(a)-329(lady)-329(of)-329(the)-329(highest)-329(rank,)-349(who)-329(died)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-414(the)-415(age)-414(of)-414(eighty)-415(in)-414(the)-414(middle)-414(of)-415(the)-414(reign)-414(of)-415(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1063)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(She)-237(preserved)-236(to)-237(the)-237(end)-236(an)-237(extraordinary)-237(health)-236(and)-237(vigour,)-239(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evidently)-251(enjoyed)-250(the)-251(external)-250(side)-251(of)-250(life)-251(with)-250(all)-251(the)-250(zest)-251(of)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-265(days)-265(of)-266(licence)-265(in)-265(her)-265(youth.)-296(Her)-265(grandson,)-269(who)-265(lived)-265(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(her)-206(roof,)-215(was)-206(one)-206(of)-206(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.013 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-206(dearest)-206(friends,)-215(a)-206(spotless)-206(and)-206(almost)]TJ -114.646 -13.55 Td [(puritanical)-235(character.)-246(Ummidia,)-238(even)-235(in)-236(her)-235(old)-235(age,)-239(kept)-235(a)-235(troop)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-422(pantomimic)-422(artistes,)-466(and)-422(continued)-422(to)-422(enjoy)-422(their)-422(doubtful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exhibitions.)-294(But)-265(her)-265(grandson)-265(would)-265(never)-265(witness)-264(them,)-269(and,)-268(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-299(be)-299(said,)-311(Ummidia)-299(respected)-299(and)-299(even)-299(encouraged)-299(a)-298(virtue)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superior)-250(to)-250(her)-250(own.)]TJ 11.956 -19.233 Td [(It)-181(has)-182(been)-181(remarked)-182(that,)-195(in)-181(nearly)-182(all)-181(these)-182(cases,)-195(where)-181(Pliny)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(has)-156(any)-156(fault)-155(to)-156(find)-156(with)-156(his)-155(generation,)-175(the)-156(evil)-155(seems)-156(to)-156(be)-156(only)-155(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(foil)-153(for)-153(the)-154(virtue)-153(of)-153(some)-153(of)-153(his)-153(friends.)-218(Even)-153(in)-154(his)-153(own)-153(day,)-172(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-329(those)-328(who)-329(criticised)-328(him)-329(for)-328(his)-329(extravagant)-328(praise)-329(of)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people)-178(he)-178(loved.)-226(He)-178(takes)-178(the)-178(censure)-178(as)-178(a)-178(compliment,)-192(preferring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-261(kind-heartedness)-261(which)-261(is)-261(occasionally)-261(deceived,)-264(to)-261(t)1(he)-261(cold)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(critical)-320(habit)-321(whi)1(ch)-321(has)-320(lost)-320(all)-320(illusions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.659 3.958 Td [(1064)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.464 -3.958 Td [(Pliny)-320(belonged)-320(to)]TJ -202.123 -13.55 Td [(a)-425(caste)-425(who)-425(were)-424(linked)-425(to)-425(one)-425(another)-425(by)-425(the)-425(strongest)-424(ties)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([186])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-349(loyalty)-350(and)-349(tradition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.278 3.959 Td [(1065)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.418 -3.959 Td [(The)-349(members)-350(of)-349(it)-350(were)-349(bound)-349(to)]TJ -128.696 -13.549 Td [(support)-310(one)-311(another)-310(by)-310(counsel,)-326(encouragement,)-325(and)-310(influence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-458(were)-458(expected)-458(to)-457(help)-458(a)-458(comrade)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 178.396 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-458(advancement)-458(in)-457(the)]TJ -182.029 -13.549 Td [(career)-229(of)-228(honours,)-233(to)-229(applaud)-228(and)-229(stimulate)-228(his)-229(literary)-228(ambition,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-316(be)-315(prodigal)-316(of)-315(sympathy)-315(or)-316(congratulation)-315(or)-316(pecuniary)-315(help)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.27 Td [(1062)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(viii.)-250(23,)-250(3,)-250(ipsi)-250(sibi)-250(exempla)-250(sunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1063)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.243 0 Td [(vii.)-348(24,)-290(she)-283(was)-282(born)-283(about)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 101.027 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.512 0 Td [(27,)-291(in)-282(the)-283(reign)-282(of)-283(Tiberius.)-347(Ummidia)]TJ -143.737 -10.959 Td [(had)-259(the)-258(virtue)-259(of)-258(liberality;)-263(she)-259(built)-258(an)-259(amphitheatre)-258(and)-259(temple)-258(for)-259(Casinum,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 0 -10.959 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(781.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -40.093 -7.311 Td [(1064)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vii.)-250(28,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.394 Td [(1065)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.761 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.882 0 Td [(v.)-731(14,)-450(on)-411(his)-410(relations)-410(with)-410(Cornutus)-411(Tertullus:)-570(quae)-411(societas)]TJ -45.598 -10.959 Td [(amicitiarum)-250(artissima)-250(nos)-250(familiaritate)-250(conjunxit.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1101 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1102 0 R /Resources 1100 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1087 0 R >> endobj 1103 0 obj << /D [1101 0 R /XYZ 163.851 227.958 null] >> endobj 1100 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1106 0 obj << /Length 6112 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(228)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-410(all)-409(the)-410(vicissitudes)-409(of)-410(public)-409(or)-410(private)-409(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.393 3.959 Td [(1066)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.388 -3.959 Td [(The)-410(older)]TJ -236.781 -13.549 Td [(men,)-330(who)-315(had)-314(borne)-314(the)-315(weight)-314(of)-314(great)-315(affairs,)-330(recognised)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(duty)-417(of)-418(forming)-417(the)-418(character)-417(of)-418(their)-417(juniors)-418(by)-417(precept)-417(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(criticism.)-236(In)-208(this)-207(fashion)-208(the)-208(old)-207(soldier)-208(Spurinna,)-216(on)-208(his)-207(morning)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(drive,)-261(would)-258(pour)-259(forth)-259(to)-258(some)-259(young)-259(companion)-258(the)-259(wealth)-258(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-266(long)-265(experience.)-297(In)-265(this)-265(spirit)-266(Verginius)-265(Rufus)-266(and)-265(Corellius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stood)-185(by)-186(Pliny)-185(throughout)-185(his)-185(official)-186(career,)-198(to)-185(guide)-185(and)-185(support)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 19.702 3.959 Td [(1067)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.053 -3.959 Td [(Pliny,)-225(in)-219(his)-219(turn,)-226(was)-219(always)-219(lavish)-219(of)-219(this)-219(kind)-219(of)-219(help,)]TJ -38.755 -13.549 Td [(and)-252(deemed)-253(it)-252(a)-253(matter)-252(of)-252(pride)-253(and)-252(duty)-253(to)-252(afford)-252(it.)-257(Sometimes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(he)-325(solicits)-326(office)-325(for)-326(a)-325(friend)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.017 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-325(son,)-345(or)-325(commends)-325(a)-326(man)-325(to)-326(the)]TJ -131.65 -13.549 Td [(emperor)-223(for)-223(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 69.705 0 Td [(Jus)-223(trium)-223(liberorum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 86.689 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(1068)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.959 Td [(Sometimes)-223(he)-223(applauds)]TJ -178.189 -13.549 Td [(the)-164(early)-164(efforts)-164(of)-163(a)-164(young)-164(pleader)-164(at)-164(the)-164(bar,)-181(or)-164(gives)-164(him)-163(counsel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-405(to)-405(the)-405(causes)-405(which)-405(he)-405(should)-405(undertake,)-444(or)-405(the)-405(discipline)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary)-442(for)-441(oratorical)-442(success.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.824 3.958 Td [(1069)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.437 -3.958 Td [(He)-442(was)-441(often)-442(consulted)]TJ -172.261 -13.55 Td [(about)-325(the)-326(choice)-325(of)-326(a)-325(tutor)-325(for)-326(boys,)-344(and)-325(he)-326(responded)-325(with)-325(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-245(earnestness)-245(of)-245(a)-246(man)-245(who)-245(believed)-245(in)-245(the)-245(infinite)-245(importance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-378(sound)-378(influence)-379(in)-378(the)-378(early)-378(years)-378(of)-379(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.748 3.959 Td [(1070)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.361 -3.959 Td [(To)-378(his)-378(older)]TJ -225.109 -13.549 Td [(friends)-314(he)-315(would)-314(address)-314(disquisitions)-314(on)-315(style,)-330(consolations)-314(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bereavement,)-179(congratulations)-161(on)-161(official)-162(preferment,)-178(descriptions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-272(some)-272(fair)-272(scene)-272(or)-272(picturesque)-272(incident)-272(in)-272(rural)-272(life.)-316(He)-272(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wrote,)-406(like)-375(Symmachus,)-406(merely)-374(to)-375(maintain)-375(the)-375(connection)-374(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friendly)-383(sympathy)-383(by)-382(a)-383(chat)-383(on)-383(paper.)-648(His)-383(vanity)-383(is)-383(only)-382(too)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evident)-314(in)-313(some)-314(of)-313(these)-314(letters.)-440(But)-314(it)-313(is,)-330(after)-313(all,)-330(an)-313(innocent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vanity)-427(and)-426(the)-427(consumi)1(ng)-427(anxiety)-426(to)-427(cherish)-426(the)-427(warmth)-426(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(solidarity)-423(of)-424(friendship,)-466(and)-423(a)-424(high)-423(tone)-423(in)-424(the)-423(great)-423(class)-423(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.036 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 169.224 Td [(1066)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.677 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.691 0 Td [(vi.)-333(6;)-291(vi.)-332(32;)-292(in)-277(which)-278(he)-277(offers)-278(a)-277(dowry)-278(to)-277(Quintilian)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 193.971 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-277(daughter)]TJ -243.281 -10.959 Td [(in)-256(the)-256(most)-256(delicate)-256(way;)-259(cf.)-268(Juv.)-268(iii.)-268(215;)-259(xv.)-268(150;)-259(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 201.263 0 Td [(De)-256(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.704 0 Td [(ii.)-268(21,)-258(5;)-259(iv.)]TJ -238.967 -10.959 Td [(11,)-267(3;)-270(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.278 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.047 0 Td [(iv.)-290(62;)-270(yet)-263(cf.)-290(the)-264(judgment)-263(of)-263(D.)-264(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 147.547 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.564 0 Td [(vii.)-290(\247)-263(82;)-270(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -222.436 -10.959 Td [(Id\351es)-250(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.046 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(175)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.785 -7.31 Td [(1067)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.31 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.902 0 Td [(viii.)-403(23,)-314(2;)-327(vi.)-403(11,)-314(3;)-326(i.)-403(12,)-314(12;)-327(ii.)-403(1,)-314(8)-301(\050of)-301(Verginius)-301(Rufus\051,)-314(sic)]TJ -47.168 -10.959 Td [(candidatum)-238(me)-238(suffragio)-238(ornavit,)-241(etc.,)-240(iii.)-246(1,)-240(6)-239(\050of)-238(Spurinna\051,)-240(quibus)-238(praeceptis)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(imbuare!)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1068)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.135 0 Td [(87,)-250(94.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.767 -7.31 Td [(1069)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vi.)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.092 -7.311 Td [(1070)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1105 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1106 0 R /Resources 1104 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1087 0 R >> endobj 1104 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1109 0 obj << /Length 5141 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(229)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-456(he)-455(belonged,)-507(might)-456(well)-456(cover)-455(even)-456(graver)-456(faults.)-866(If)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-362(was)-362(too)-361(much)-362(self-indulgence)-362(in)-362(that)-361(class,)-390(if)-362(they)-361(often)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([187])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(abandoned)-480(themselves)-480(to)-480(the)-480(seductions)-480(of)-480(ease)-480(and)-480(literary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trifling)-334(in)-335(luxurious)-334(retreats,)-356(it)-334(is)-334(also)-335(to)-334(be)-335(remembered)-334(that)-334(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(man)-248(of)-248(rank)-248(paid)-248(heavily)-248(for)-249(his)-248(place)-248(in)-248(Roman)-248(society,)-248(both)-248(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(money)-219(and)-218(in)-219(the)-218(observance)-219(of)-219(a)-218(very)-219(exacting)-218(social)-219(code.)-239(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-205(one)-204(recognised)-205(the)-204(obligation)-204(with)-205(more)-204(cheerful)-205(alacrity)-204(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny.)]TJ 11.956 -17.122 Td [(Pliny)-352(felt)-352(a)-352(genuine)-351(anxiety)-352(that)-352(young)-352(men)-352(of)-352(birth)-352(should)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(aim)-193(at)-192(personal)-193(distinction.)-230(Any)-193(gleam)-192(of)-193(generous)-192(ambition,)-204(any)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sign)-353(of)-353(strenuous)-352(energy,)-379(which)-352(might)-353(save)-353(a)-353(young)-352(aristocrat)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-400(the)-399(temptations)-400(of)-400(ease)-400(and)-399(wealth,)-437(were)-400(hailed)-400(by)-399(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-376(unaffected)-375(delight.)-627(He)-376(was)-376(evidently)-375(very)-376(susceptible)-375(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-353(charm)-354(of)-353(manner)-353(which)-354(youths)-353(of)-353(this)-354(class)-353(often)-353(possess.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(When)-377(to)-377(that)-377(was)-377(added)-377(strength)-377(of)-377(character,)-409(his)-376(satisfaction)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-426(complete.)-776(Hence)-426(his)-425(delight)-426(when)-425(Fuscus)-426(Salinator)-425(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ummidius)-284(Quadratus,)-292(of)-283(the)-284(very)-283(cream)-284(of)-283(the)-284(Roman)-283(nobility,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entered)-480(on)-481(the)-480(conflicts)-480(of)-481(the)-480(Centumviral)-481(Court.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.14 3.959 Td [(1071)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.705 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(indeed)-581(these)-581(young)-582(men)-581(appear)-581(to)-581(have)-581(had)-581(many)-581(graces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-520(virtues.)-1058(Salinator,)-587(in)-520(particular,)-586(with)-520(exquisite)-519(literary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(culture,)-315(had)-301(a)-302(mingled)-302(charm)-302(of)-301(boyish)-302(simplicity,)-315(gravity,)-314(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sweetness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.353 3.959 Td [(1072)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.877 -3.959 Td [(Asinius)-363(Bassus,)-392(the)-363(son)-364(of)-363(Asinius)-364(Rufus,)-391(was)]TJ -69.23 -13.549 Td [(another)-450(of)-450(this)-450(promising)-450(band)-450(of)-450(youth,)-500(blameless,)-499(learned,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-469(diligent,)-524(whom)-469(Pliny)-470(commends)-469(for)-469(the)-469(quaestorship)-469(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Fundanus,)-441(then)-403(apparently)-403(designated)-403(as)-403(consul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.343 3.958 Td [(1073)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.174 -3.958 Td [(There)-403(is)]TJ -243.517 -13.55 Td [(no)-379(more)-380(genuine)-379(feeling)-379(in)-380(the)-379(Letters)-379(than)-380(the)-379(grief)-379(of)-379(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-492(the)-491(early)-492(death)-492(of)-492(Junius)-491(Avitus,)-552(another)-492(youth)-492(of)-491(high)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(promise.)-451(Pliny)-318(had)-317(formed)-317(his)-317(character,)-334(and)-317(supported)-317(him)-317(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-387(candidature)-387(for)-388(office.)-661(He)-387(had)-388(helped)-387(him)-387(with)-387(advice)-387(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.108 Td [(1071)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vi.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.311 Td [(1072)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1073)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.065 0 Td [(iv.)-623(15.)-622(Fundanus)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 66.46 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-374(consulship)-374(is)-375(mentioned)-374(in)-374(two)-374(inscriptions,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 173.96 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -268.426 -10.959 Td [(1588,)-222(2471.)-239(There)-215(is)-215(a)-215(difficulty)-215(about)-216(the)-215(dates)-215(which)-215(is)-216(discussed)-215(in)-215(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 0 -10.959 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(p.)-250(17,)-250(n.)-250(3.)-250(Fundanus)-250(does)-250(not)-250(appear)-250(in)-250(the)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 158.391 0 Td [(Fasti)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1108 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1109 0 R /Resources 1107 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1111 0 R >> endobj 1110 0 obj << /D [1108 0 R /XYZ 223.144 504.626 null] >> endobj 1107 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1114 0 obj << /Length 5459 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(230)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(his)-273(studies,)-278(or)-273(in)-273(his)-273(administrative)-273(duties.)-318(Avitus)-273(repaid)-273(all)-272(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paternal)-298(care)-297(by)-298(a)-297(docility)-297(and)-298(deference)-297(which)-298(were)-297(becoming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rare)-373(among)-374(the)-373(young)-373(men)-373(of)-374(the)-373(day.)-620(Winning)-373(the)-373(affection)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-373(confidence)-372(of)-373(his)-373(elders)-372(in)-373(the)-373(service,)-403(Avitus)-373(was)-372(surely)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(destined)-245(to)-245(develop)-245(into)-244(one)-245(of)-245(those)-245(just)-245(and)-245(strenuous)-244(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(officers,)-320(like)-306(Corbulo)-307(or)-306(Verginius)-306(Rufus,)-320(many)-306(of)-306(whom)-306(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(left)-321(only)-321(a)-320(name)-321(on)-321(a)-321(brief)-321(inscription,)-338(but)-321(who)-321(were)-321(the)-320(glory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-195(strength)-195(of)-195(the)-195(Empire)-195(in)-195(the)-195(times)-195(of)-195(its)-195(deepest)-194(degradation.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-250(all)-250(such)-250(hopes)-250(for)-250(Avitus)-250(were)-250(extinguished)-250(in)-250(a)-250(day.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([188])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -13.82 Td [(The)-485(upright)-484(and)-485(virtuous)-484(men)-485(of)-485(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 182.625 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-485(circle,)-543(Corellius)]TJ -198.213 -13.55 Td [(Rufus,)-344(Titinius)-326(Capito)-325(the)-326(historian,)-344(Pegasus)-326(the)-325(learned)-325(jurist,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Trebonius)-410(Rufus)-411(the)-410(magistrate)-411(who)-410(suppressed)-411(the)-410(games)-410(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vienne,)-379(Junius)-353(Mauricus,)-378(who)-353(would)-353(have)-353(denied)-353(them)-353(to)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capital,)-260(and)-258(many)-258(others)-257(of)-258(the)-258(like)-258(stamp,)-260(have)-258(often)-258(been)-257(used)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-259(refute)-259(the)-260(pessimism)-259(of)-259(Juvenal.)-278(We)-259(have)-259(in)-259(a)-259(former)-259(chapter)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(seen)-240(reason)-240(to)-240(believe)-239(that)-240(the)-240(satirist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 162.339 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-240(view)-240(of)-239(female)-240(character)]TJ -165.972 -13.549 Td [(needs)-429(to)-428(be)-429(similarly)-429(rectified.)-786(Even)-429(in)-428(the)-429(worst)-429(reigns)-428(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pages)-239(of)-239(Tacitus)-238(reveal)-239(to)-239(us)-239(strong)-238(and)-239(pure)-239(women,)-241(both)-239(in)-238(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(palace)-357(and)-356(in)-357(great)-357(senatorial)-356(houses.)-570(In)-357(the)-357(wide)-356(philosophic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class)-443(there)-442(was)-443(probably)-443(many)-443(an)-442(Arria)-443(and)-443(Plotina.)-828(In)-442(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(Agricola)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.182 0 Td [(,)-337(and)-320(in)-319(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 68.51 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-320(letters)-319(to)-320(Marcia)-319(and)-320(Helvia,)-337(we)-319(can)]TJ -110.325 -13.549 Td [(see)-413(that,)-453(even)-412(at)-413(the)-412(darkest)-413(hour,)-453(there)-413(were)-412(homes)-413(with)-412(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(atmosphere)-212(of)-211(old)-212(Roman)-212(self-restraint)-212(and)-211(sobriety,)-220(where)-211(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(women)-383(wielded)-383(a)-383(powerful)-383(influence)-383(over)-383(their)-383(husbands)-382(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-405(sons,)-444(and)-405(where)-405(the)-406(examples)-405(of)-405(the)-405(old)-405(Republic)-405(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(used,)-242(as)-239(Biblical)-240(characters)-239(with)-240(us,)-241(to)-240(fortify)-239(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.881 3.959 Td [(1074)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.127 -3.959 Td [(Seneca,)]TJ -247.008 -13.549 Td [(in)-232(his)-232(views)-232(about)-232(women,)-235(as)-232(in)-232(many)-232(other)-232(things,)-236(is)-231(essentially)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modern.)-494(He)-331(admires)-332(indeed)-331(the)-331(antique)-332(ideal)-331(of)-331(self-contained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strength)-378(and)-377(homely)-378(virtue.)-633(But)-378(he)-378(also)-377(believes)-378(in)-378(the)-377(equal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capacity)-316(of)-315(women)-316(for)-316(culture,)-332(even)-316(in)-315(the)-316(field)-316(of)-315(philosophy,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-273(he)-272(half)-273(regrets)-273(that)-273(an)-272(old-fashioned)-273(prejudice)-273(had)-272(debarred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Helvia)-305(from)-306(receiving)-305(a)-306(philosophic)-305(discipline.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.451 3.959 Td [(1075)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.978 -3.959 Td [(Tacitus)-305(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.967 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 81.154 Td [(1074)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(xiv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.879 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(xvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -137.229 -7.394 Td [(1075)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-439(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.491 0 Td [(xvi.)-816(par)-439(illis,)-486(mihi)-438(crede,)-486(vigor,)-486(etc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 148.385 0 Td [(Ad)-439(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.998 0 Td [(xvii.)-816(4,)-486(cf.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1113 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1114 0 R /Resources 1112 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1111 0 R >> endobj 1115 0 obj << /D [1113 0 R /XYZ 93.543 407.403 null] >> endobj 1112 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1118 0 obj << /Length 6830 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(231)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Pliny,)-307(who)-296(had)-295(no)-296(great)-296(faith)-295(in)-296(philosophy)-296(as)-295(a)-296(study)-296(for)-295(men,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-321(hardly)-321(have)-322(recommended)-321(it)-321(for)-321(women.)-464(But)-321(they)-321(lived)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-372(women)-371(who)-372(were)-372(cultivated)-371(in)-372(the)-372(best)-371(sense.)-615(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(third)-272(wife,)-277(Calpurnia,)-277(was)-271(able)-272(to)-271(give)-272(him)-271(the)-272(fullest)-271(sympathy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-323(his)-322(literary)-323(efforts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.48 3.959 Td [(1076)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.539 -3.959 Td [(But)-323(her)-322(fame,)-341(of)-322(which)-323(she)-322(probably)]TJ -116.019 -13.549 Td [(little)-205(dreamt,)-215(is)-205(founded)-206(on)-205(her)-206(purity)-205(and)-206(sweetness)-205(of)-205(character.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Her)-231(ancestors,)-235(like)-232(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 106.688 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s,)-235(belonged)-231(to)-232(the)-231(aristocracy)-231(of)-232(Como.)]TJ -110.321 -13.549 Td [(Her)-314(aunt,)-330(Calpurnia)-314(Hispulla,)-331(who)-314(was)-314(a)-314(dear)-314(friend)-314(of)-314(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(mother,)-295(had)-286(watched)-286(over)-286(her)-286(during)-286(the)-286(years)-286(of)-286(girlhood)-285(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-309(sedulous)-308(care)-309(which)-309(made)-308(her)-309(an)-308(ideal)-309(wife.)-426(What)-308(Calpurnia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-364(like)-364(as)-365(a)-364(girl,)-392(we)-365(may)-364(probably)-364(picture)-364(to)-364(ourselves)-364(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(prose)-329(elegy)-330(of)-329(Pliny)-329(on)-329(the)-329(death)-330(of)-329(the)-329(young)-329(daughter)-329(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([189])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Minutius)-268(Fundanus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.476 3.959 Td [(1077)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.741 -3.959 Td [(It)-268(is)-267(the)-268(picture)-267(of)-268(a)-268(beautiful)-267(character,)]TJ -107.217 -13.549 Td [(and)-428(a)-428(fair)-429(young)-428(life)-428(cut)-428(off)-428(too)-428(soon.)-785(The)-428(girl)-428(had)-428(not)-428(yet)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reached)-382(her)-381(fourteenth)-382(year.)-645(She)-382(was)-381(already)-382(betrothed)-381(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(she)-274(was)-273(seized)-274(with)-274(a)-274(fatal)-273(sickness.)-321(Her)-274(sweet)-274(girlish)-273(modesty,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-347(was)-347(combined)-346(with)-347(a)-347(matronly)-347(gravity,)-371(charmed)-347(all)-346(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(father)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.44 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-346(friends.)-537(She)-346(had)-346(love)-346(for)-345(all)-346(the)-346(household,)-370(her)-345(tutors)]TJ -29.073 -13.549 Td [(and)-297(slaves,)-310(nurses)-297(and)-297(maids.)-392(A)-297(vigorous)-298(mind)-297(triumphed)-297(over)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(bodily)-307(weakness,)-322(and)-308(she)-307(passed)-307(through)-308(her)-307(last)-308(illness)-307(with)-307(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sweet)-256(patience,)-258(encouraging)-256(her)-257(father)-256(and)-256(sister)-256(to)-256(bear)-257(up,)-257(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(showing)-250(no)-250(shrinking)-250(from)-250(death.)]TJ 11.956 -18.518 Td [(Although)-374(we)-374(know)-375(of)-374(a)-374(good)-374(many)-375(happy)-374(wedded)-374(lives)-374(in)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(that)-433(age,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 38.953 3.959 Td [(1078)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.656 -3.959 Td [(there)-433(is)-432(no)-433(picture)-432(so)-433(full)-433(of)-432(pure)-433(devotion)-433(and)]TJ -60.609 -13.549 Td [(tenderness)-264(as)-265(that)-264(which)-265(we)-264(have)-265(in)-264(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.198 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-264(letters)-265(to)-264(Calpurnia.)]TJ -186.83 -13.55 Td [(They)-479(are)-478(love-letters)-479(in)-478(the)-479(best)-478(sense)-479(and)-478(the)-479(most)-478(perfect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(style.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.335 3.959 Td [(1079)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.324 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.039 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-377(youth)-377(was)-377(long)-377(past)-377(when)-377(he)-377(won)-377(the)-377(hand)]TJ -73.331 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(Calpurnia,)-389(yet)-362(their)-361(love)-362(for)-362(one)-361(another)-362(is)-362(that)-361(of)-362(boy)-361(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 131.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 121.579 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.055 0 Td [(Conj.)-486(Praec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.642 0 Td [(xlviii.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 25.538 0 Td [(\306\261\301\274\254\272\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.597 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-329(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.071 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.493 0 Td [(\300\301\277\303\264\255\276\265\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.653 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.148 0 Td [(\263\305\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.351 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.933 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\240\273\254\304\311\275\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.124 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\264\277\274\255\275\267)-250(\273\314\263\277\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.152 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.;)-250(cf.)-250(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(450;)-250(Mart.)-250(vii.)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.852 -7.31 Td [(1076)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iv.)-250(19,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.311 Td [(1077)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(v.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.31 Td [(1078)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Seneca)-250(and)-250(Paulina,)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 92.129 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(64;)-250(Plutarch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.519 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Uxorem)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.084 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)-250(v.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -228.355 -7.311 Td [(1079)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vi.)-250(4,)-250(5,)-250(7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1117 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1118 0 R /Resources 1116 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1111 0 R >> endobj 1119 0 obj << /D [1117 0 R /XYZ 118.134 369.134 null] >> endobj 1116 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1122 0 obj << /Length 5261 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(232)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(girl.)-649(When)-383(she)-383(has)-383(to)-383(go)-383(into)-383(Campania)-382(for)-383(her)-383(health,)-417(he)-382(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(racked)-384(with)-384(all)-384(sorts)-384(of)-384(anxiety)-384(about)-384(her,)-417(and)-384(entreats)-384(her)-384(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(write)-256(once,)-258(or)-257(even)-256(twice,)-258(a)-256(day.)-270(Pliny)-256(reads)-256(her)-257(letters)-256(over)-256(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(over)-340(again,)-363(as)-340(if)-341(they)-340(had)-340(just)-341(come.)-520(He)-341(has)-340(her)-340(image)-340(before)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(him)-305(by)-305(night,)-318(and)-305(at)-305(the)-305(wonted)-305(hour)-305(by)-305(day)-305(his)-305(feet)-305(carry)-304(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-280(her)-281(vacant)-280(room.)-341(His)-280(only)-280(respite)-280(from)-280(these)-281(pains)-280(of)-280(a)-280(lover)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-349(while)-349(he)-348(is)-349(engaged)-349(in)-349(court.)-546(Pliny)-349(had)-349(frequent)-349(care)-348(about)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Calpurnia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.026 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-407(health.)-721(They)-407(did)-407(not)-407(belong)-407(to)-407(the)-407(hideous)-406(class)]TJ -46.658 -13.549 Td [(who)-414(preferred)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.796 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-414(rewards)-415(of)-414(childlessness,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.198 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.364 0 Td [(but)-414(their)-415(hopes)]TJ -212.202 -13.55 Td [(of)-397(offspring)-398(were)-397(dashed)-398(again)-397(and)-397(again.)-693(These)-397(griefs)-397(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imparted)-251(to)-251(Calpurnia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.766 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-251(aunt,)-251(and)-250(to)-251(her)-251(grandfather,)-251(Calpurnius)]TJ -99.399 -13.549 Td [(Fabatus,)-409(a)-378(generous)-377(old)-378(squire)-377(of)-378(Como,)-409(who)-378(was)-377(as)-377(anxious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-302(Pliny)-302(to)-303(have)-302(descendants)-302(of)-302(his)-303(race.)-406(At)-303(the)-302(time)-302(of)-302(the)-302(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.786 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-335(death,)-357(Calpurnia)-335(was)-336(with)-335(her)-335(husband)-335(in)-336(Bithynia,)-356(and)]TJ -22.419 -13.55 Td [(she)-342(wished)-343(to)-342(hasten)-342(home)-342(at)-343(once)-342(to)-342(console)-342(her)-343(aunt.)-526(Pliny,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-335(having)-334(time)-335(to)-335(secure)-335(the)-334(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 170.971 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-335(sanction,)-356(gave)-334(her)-335(the)]TJ -174.604 -13.549 Td [(official)-297(order)-297(for)-297(the)-297(use)-297(of)-297(the)-297(public)-297(post)-297(on)-297(her)-297(journey)-296(back)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-243(Italy.)-247(In)-243(answer)-242(to)-243(his)-242(letter)-243(of)-242(explanation)-243(and)-242(excuse,)-244(Trajan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sent)-323(his)-323(approval)-323(in)-323(his)-322(usual)-323(kind)-323(and)-323(courteous)-323(style.)-469(This)-322(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(last)-250(glimpse)-250(we)-250(have)-250(of)-250(Pliny)-250(and)-250(Calpurnia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.8 3.959 Td [(1080)]TJ -284.555 -3.959 Td [([190])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -18.621 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.039 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-762(character,)-890(as)-763(displayed)-762(in)-762(his)-762(Letters,)-890(is)-763(the)]TJ -38.628 -13.549 Td [(embodiment)-451(of)-450(the)-451(finest)-451(moral)-450(tone)-451(of)-451(the)-450(great)-451(age)-450(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-320(opened)-319(when)-320(he)-320(died,)-337(in)-320(kindlier)-320(or)-319(juster)-320(treatment)-320(of)-319(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(slave,)-357(in)-335(high)-335(respect)-336(for)-335(women,)-357(in)-335(conscientious)-336(care)-335(for)-335(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(education)-299(of)-298(the)-299(young,)-311(in)-299(beneficent)-298(provision)-299(for)-299(the)-298(helpless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-484(distressed.)-953(But)-484(it)-484(would)-484(be)-485(a)-484(mistaken)-484(view)-484(to)-484(regard)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-373(ideas)-374(as)-373(an)-374(altogether)-373(new)-373(departure.)-620(It)-374(is)-373(dangerous)-373(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assert)-343(that)-343(anything)-343(is)-343(altogether)-343(new)-343(in)-343(Roman)-343(social)-343(history.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-278(truth)-278(is)-278(that)-279(the)-278(moral)-278(sentiment)-278(in)-278(which)-278(these)-278(movements)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(took)-507(their)-507(rise)-507(had)-507(been)-507(for)-507(generations)-507(in)-507(the)-507(air.)-1021(It)-506(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diffused)-291(by)-291(the)-291(Stoic)-290(preaching)-291(of)-291(the)-291(brotherhood)-291(and)-290(equality)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-465(men)-464(as)-465(fellow-citizens)-465(of)-464(one)-465(great)-465(commonwealth.)-893(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 69.951 Td [(1080)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.135 0 Td [(121,)-250(122.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1121 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1122 0 R /Resources 1120 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1111 0 R >> endobj 1123 0 obj << /D [1121 0 R /XYZ 93.543 258.362 null] >> endobj 1120 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1126 0 obj << /Length 6274 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(233)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(duty)-256(of)-257(redeeming)-256(the)-256(captive)-257(and)-256(succouring)-256(the)-257(poor)-256(had)-256(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preached)-340(by)-340(Cicero)-340(a)-339(century)-340(and)-340(a)-340(half)-340(before)-340(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 238.752 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-340(Letters)]TJ -242.385 -13.549 Td [(appeared.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.099 3.959 Td [(1081)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.497 -3.959 Td [(Horace)-260(had,)-263(a)-260(few)-260(years)-260(later,)-263(asked)-260(the)-260(searching)]TJ -61.596 -13.549 Td [(question,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.022 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Why)-367(should)-367(the)-367(worthy)-367(be)-367(in)-367(want)-367(while)-367(you)-367(have)]TJ -48.865 -13.55 Td [(wealth?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.928 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(1082)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.168 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-250(preaches,)-250(with)-251(the)-250(unction)-250(of)-250(an)-250(evangelist,)]TJ -57.939 -13.549 Td [(all)-206(the)-206(doctrines)-206(on)-206(which)-206(the)-206(humane)-206(legislation)-206(of)-206(the)-206(Antonine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-340(was)-340(founded,)-363(all)-340(the)-340(principles)-340(of)-340(humanity)-340(and)-340(charity)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-436(age.)-808(He)-436(asserts)-436(the)-436(natural)-436(equality)-436(of)-436(bond)-436(and)-435(free,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-429(the)-429(claim)-429(of)-428(the)-429(slave)-429(to)-429(kindness)-429(and)-429(consideration.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1083)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(He)-374(brands)-375(in)-374(many)-375(a)-374(passage)-374(the)-375(cruelty)-374(and)-375(contempt)-374(of)-374(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slaveholder.)-232(He)-197(preaches)-198(tolerance)-197(of)-197(the)-197(froward,)-207(forgiveness)-197(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(insult)-260(and)-260(injury.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.465 3.959 Td [(1084)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.492 -3.959 Td [(He)-260(enforces)-260(the)-260(duty)-260(of)-260(universal)-260(kindness)]TJ -93.957 -13.549 Td [(and)-527(helpfulness)-527(by)-526(the)-527(example)-527(of)-527(God,)-596(who)-527(is)-526(bounteous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-396(merciful)-396(even)-395(to)-396(the)-396(evildoer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.193 3.958 Td [(1085)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.937 -3.958 Td [(Juvenal)-396(was)-396(little)-395(of)-396(a)]TJ -179.13 -13.55 Td [(philosopher,)-281(but)-274(he)-275(had)-275(unconsciously)-274(drunk)-275(deep)-274(of)-275(the)-274(gospel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-223(philosophy.)-242(Behind)-223(all)-223(his)-224(bitter)-223(pessimism)-224(there)-223(is)-224(a)-223(pure)-223(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lofty)-341(moral)-341(tone)-341(which)-341(sometimes)-341(almost)-341(approaches)-341(the)-340(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-346(charity)-345(in)-346(S.)-345(Paul.)-537(The)-346(slave)-345(whom)-346(we)-346(torture)-345(or)-346(insult)-345(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-375(slight)-375(negligence)-375(is)-375(of)-375(the)-375(same)-375(elements)-375(as)-375(we)-375(are.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1086)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-357(purity)-357(of)-357(childhood)-357(is)-356(not)-357(to)-357(be)-357(defiled)-357(by)-357(the)-357(ribaldry)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-238(banquet)-238(and)-238(the)-239(example)-238(of)-238(a)-238(mother)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 176.934 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-238(intrigues)-238(or)-238(a)-238(father)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.187 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(brutal)-297(excesses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.982 3.959 Td [(1087)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.715 -3.959 Td [(Revenge)-297(is)-298(the)-297(pleasure)-297(of)-298(a)-297(puny)-297(soul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 174.495 3.959 Td [(1088)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-346(guilty)-347(may)-346(be)-347(left)-346(to)-346(the)-347(scourge)-346(of)-347(the)-346(unseen)-346(inquisitor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([191])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Juvenal)-323(regards)-323(the)-323(power)-323(of)-323(sympathy)-323(for)-323(any)-323(human)-323(grief)-323(or)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 195.36 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 188.548 Td [(1081)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.218 0 Td [(De)-298(Off.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.492 0 Td [(ii.)-393(18)-297(\05063\051,)-310(atque)-298(haec)-297(benignitas)-298(etiam)-297(reipublicae)-298(est)-298(utilis,)]TJ -59.666 -10.959 Td [(redimi)-250(e)-250(servitute)-250(captos,)-250(locupletari)-250(tenuiores.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1082)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(ii.)-250(2,)-250(103)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 31.884 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -69.241 -20.338 Td [(Cur)-250(eget)-250(indignus)-250(quisquam,)-250(te)-250(divite?)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -16.689 Td [(1083)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(47,)-250(\247)-250(1,)-250(31;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.842 0 Td [(De)-250(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.596 0 Td [(iii.)-250(21;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.661 0 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(i.)-250(18,)-250(3;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.643 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -242.575 -7.311 Td [(1084)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(95,)-250(\247)-250(52.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.394 Td [(1085)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.899 0 Td [(iv.)-250(5;)-250(iv.)-250(26;)-250(iv.)-250(28,)-250(Di)-250(multa)-250(ingratis)-250(tribuunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.527 -7.311 Td [(1086)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xiv.)-250(16;)-250(vi.)-250(219,)-250(476.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1087)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(xiv.)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1088)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(xiii.)-250(190.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1125 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1126 0 R /Resources 1124 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1111 0 R >> endobj 1127 0 obj << /D [1125 0 R /XYZ 46.771 220.093 null] >> endobj 1124 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1130 0 obj << /Length 5911 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(234)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(pain)-232(as)-232(the)-232(priceless)-232(gift)-232(of)-233(Nature,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 153.788 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(who)-232(has)-232(given)-232(us)-232(tears.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.716 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1089)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-385(is)-385(by)-384(her)-385(command)-385(that)-385(we)-385(mourn)-384(the)-385(calamity)-385(of)-385(a)-384(friend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-369(the)-369(death)-368(of)-369(the)-369(babe)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.201 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(too)-369(small)-369(for)-368(the)-369(funeral)-369(pyre.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 136.756 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.867 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(scenes)-373(of)-373(suffering)-373(and)-372(pity)-373(which)-373(the)-373(satirist)-373(has)-373(sketched)-372(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(some)-387(tender)-387(lines)-387(were)-386(assuredly)-387(not)-387(imaginary)-387(pictures.)-660(We)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-305(apt)-305(to)-305(forget,)-319(in)-305(our)-305(modern)-305(self-complacency,)-319(that,)-318(at)-305(least)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-194(civilised)-194(races,)-205(human)-194(nature)-194(in)-194(its)-194(broad)-194(features)-194(remains)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pretty)-340(much)-341(the)-340(same)-340(from)-341(age)-340(to)-340(age.)-521(On)-341(an)-340(obscure)-340(epitaph)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-394(this)-395(period)-394(you)-394(may)-395(read)-394(the)-394(words)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 176.753 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Bene)-394(fac,)-431(hoc)-394(tecum)]TJ -187.662 -13.55 Td [(feres.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.935 3.959 Td [(1090)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.646 -3.959 Td [(Any)-295(one)-295(who)-296(knows)-295(the)-295(inscriptions)-295(may)-296(be)-295(inclined)]TJ -44.581 -13.549 Td [(to)-258(doubt)-258(whether)-258(private)-258(benefactions)-258(under)-258(the)-258(Antonines)-257(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(less)-250(frequent)-250(and)-250(generous)-250(than)-250(in)-250(our)-250(own)-250(day.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(The)-341(duties)-342(of)-341(wealth,)-364(both)-342(in)-341(Greece)-341(and)-342(Rome,)-364(were)-341(at)-341(all)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(times)-236(rigorously)-235(enforced)-236(by)-236(public)-235(opinion.)-246(The)-235(rich)-236(had)-236(to)-235(pay)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(heavily)-396(for)-395(their)-396(honours)-396(and)-396(social)-395(consideration)-396(in)-396(the)-395(days)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-388(Cicero,)-423(and)-388(in)-388(the)-389(days)-388(of)-388(Symmachus,)-423(as)-388(they)-388(had)-388(in)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(days)-341(of)-341(Pericles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.785 3.959 Td [(1091)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.136 -3.959 Td [(They)-341(had)-341(to)-340(contribute)-341(to)-341(the)-341(amusement)]TJ -95.921 -13.549 Td [(of)-332(the)-332(people,)-353(and)-332(to)-332(support)-333(a)-332(crowd)-332(of)-332(clients)-332(and)-332(freedmen.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-329(the)-328(remotest)-329(municipality,)-348(the)-328(same)-329(ambitions)-328(and)-329(the)-328(same)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(social)-398(demands,)-435(as)-398(we)-397(shall)-398(show)-398(in)-398(the)-398(next)-398(chapter,)-435(put)-397(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enormous)-313(strain)-313(on)-313(the)-313(resources)-313(of)-313(the)-313(upper)-313(class.)-439(Men)-313(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-514(often)-515(ruined)-514(themselves)-515(by)-514(this)-515(profuse)-514(liberality.)-1043(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-417(reign)-418(of)-417(Augustus)-417(a)-418(great)-417(patron)-417(had)-418(several)-417(times)-417(given)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-417(favourite)-418(freedman)-417(sums)-417(of)-418(\2433000)-417(or)-417(\2434000.)-752(The)-417(patron)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.55 Td [(descendant)-354(in)-355(the)-354(reign)-354(of)-355(Nero)-354(had)-354(to)-355(become)-354(a)-354(pensioner)-354(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(emperor.)-278(Juvenal)-259(and)-259(Martial)-259(reveal)-259(the)-259(clamorous)-259(demands)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-422(which)-421(the)-422(great)-422(patron)-421(was)-422(assailed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.412 3.959 Td [(1092)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.785 -3.959 Td [(The)-422(motives)-421(for)]TJ -207.197 -13.549 Td [(this)-288(generosity)-289(of)-288(the)-289(wealthy)-288(class)-288(were)-289(at)-288(all)-289(times)-288(mixed)-288(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.999 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.187 Td [(1089)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xv.)-250(133.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1090)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6042.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1091)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.071 0 Td [(De)-255(Off.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.727 0 Td [(i.)-265(14;)-257(Sym.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.938 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.49 0 Td [(ii.)-265(78;)-257(ix.)-265(126;)-258(Olympiod.)-265(\247)-255(44)-254(\050M\374ller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 144.15 0 Td [(Fr.)-265(H.)]TJ -258.332 -10.959 Td [(Gr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.663 0 Td [(iv.)-323(p.)-323(68\051;)-287(cf.)-323(Boeckh,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 83.001 0 Td [(Public)-274(Ec.)-323(of)-275(Athens)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 76.77 0 Td [(\050Trans.)-323(Lewis\051,)-280(pp.)-323(458,)-281(520,)]TJ -174.434 -10.958 Td [(578.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1092)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.262 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.376 0 Td [(i.)-401(178)-301(n.)-401(10;)-326(cf.)-402(Juv.)-401(ii.)-401(117;)-326(Mart.)-402(vii.)-401(64,)-313(dominae)-301(munere)]TJ -57.594 -10.959 Td [(factus)-250(eques;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.728 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(34.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1129 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1130 0 R /Resources 1128 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1111 0 R >> endobj 1128 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1133 0 obj << /Length 5400 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(235)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(various.)-333(But)-278(in)-278(our)-277(period,)-285(the)-278(growth)-278(of)-277(a)-278(pure)-278(humane)-277(charity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-404(unmistakable,)-442(of)-404(a)-404(feeling)-404(of)-404(duty)-404(to)-404(the)-404(helpless,)-442(whether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(young)-477(or)-477(old.)-931(The)-477(State)-477(had)-477(from)-477(the)-477(time)-477(of)-477(the)-476(Gracchi)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taken)-378(upon)-379(itself)-378(the)-378(immense)-379(burden)-378(of)-378(providing)-379(food)-378(for)-378(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(quarter)-473(of)-472(a)-473(million)-472(of)-473(the)-472(proletariat)-473(of)-473(Rome.)-917(But)-473(in)-472(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(days)-381(of)-381(Pliny)-381(it)-381(recognised)-381(fresh)-381(obligations.)-643(The)-381(importance)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([192])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-322(education)-322(and)-322(the)-321(growth)-322(of)-322(poverty)-322(appealed)-322(powerfully)-321(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-399(ruling)-399(class,)-436(which,)-435(under)-399(the)-399(influence)-399(of)-399(philosophy,)-435(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(coming)-390(to)-389(believe)-390(more)-389(and)-390(more)-389(in)-390(the)-389(duty)-390(of)-389(benevolence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-361(of)-362(devotion)-361(to)-362(things)-361(of)-362(the)-361(mind.)-584(All)-362(the)-361(emperors)-361(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian)-312(to)-313(M.)-312(Aurelius)-313(made)-312(liberal)-312(provision)-313(for)-312(the)-312(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(studies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.033 3.959 Td [(1093)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.453 -3.959 Td [(But)-259(this)-259(endowment)-258(of)-259(culture,)-261(which)-259(in)-259(the)-258(end)-259(did)]TJ -52.486 -13.549 Td [(harm)-255(as)-254(well)-255(as)-254(good,)-256(is)-255(not)-254(so)-255(interesting)-254(to)-255(us)-254(as)-255(the)-254(charitable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foundations)-483(for)-483(the)-483(children)-483(of)-483(the)-483(poor.)-949(It)-483(was)-482(apparently)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-365(emperor)-365(Nerva,)-393(the)-365(rigid)-364(economist)-365(who)-365(sold)-365(the)-364(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(furniture)-231(and)-231(jewels)-231(to)-231(replenish)-231(the)-232(treasury,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.599 3.959 Td [(1094)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19 -3.959 Td [(who)-231(first)-231(made)]TJ -215.599 -13.549 Td [(provision)-251(for)-250(the)-251(children)-250(of)-251(needy)-250(parents)-250(throughout)-251(Italy.)-251(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(epigraphy)-406(tells)-406(us)-406(more)-407(than)-406(literary)-406(history)-406(of)-406(the)-406(charity)-406(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-353(emperors.)-560(The)-353(tablet)-354(of)-353(Veleia)-353(is)-353(a)-354(priceless)-353(record)-353(of)-353(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(charitable)-286(measures)-286(adopted)-286(by)-287(Trajan.)-358(The)-286(motive)-286(of)-286(the)-286(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor)-381(was)-382(probably,)-414(as)-381(his)-382(panegyrist)-381(suggests,)-414(political)-381(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(much)-453(as)-453(benevolent.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.804 3.959 Td [(1095)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.805 -3.959 Td [(He)-453(may)-453(have)-453(wished)-452(to)-453(encourage)]TJ -119.609 -13.549 Td [(the)-395(rearing)-394(of)-395(children)-394(who)-395(should)-395(serve)-394(in)-395(the)-394(armies)-395(of)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(State,)-460(as)-419(well)-418(as)-418(to)-419(rel)1(ieve)-419(distress.)-755(The)-418(provision)-418(was)-418(even)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-417(evidently)-418(intended)-417(to)-417(stimulate)-417(agriculture.)-752(The)-417(landed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proprietors)-293(of)-293(the)-293(place,)-304(to)-293(the)-293(number)-293(of)-294(forty-six,)-303(received)-293(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mortgage)-293(a)-294(loan)-293(from)-294(the)-293(State)-293(of)-294(about)-293(\24310,000)-294(in)-293(our)-293(money,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-457(an)-457(interest)-457(of)-457(five)-457(per)-457(cent,)-509(which)-457(was)-457(less)-457(than)-456(half)-457(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.004 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.192 Td [(1093)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(18;)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.112 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(16,)-250(\247)-250(8;)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.281 0 Td [(Ant.)-250(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(11,)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -204.737 -7.311 Td [(1094)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(68.)-250(2;)-250(Victor,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 82.437 0 Td [(Epit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -116.562 -7.394 Td [(1095)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-239(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.966 0 Td [(6664;)-228(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.313 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.102 0 Td [(28,)-224(hi)-218(subsidium)-217(bellorum,)-224(ornamentum)-218(pacis)]TJ -117.336 -10.959 Td [(publicis)-266(sumptibus)-266(aluntur.)-297(Duruy,)-270(iv.)-298(784;)-274(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 192.255 0 Td [(Rel.)-298(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.924 0 Td [(ii.)-298(211;)-274(Kratz,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -230.179 -10.959 Td [(De)-250(Benef.,)-250(a)-250(Traj.)-250(collatis)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 92.9 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(11.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1132 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1133 0 R /Resources 1131 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1135 0 R >> endobj 1134 0 obj << /D [1132 0 R /XYZ 46.771 450.429 null] >> endobj 1131 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1138 0 obj << /Length 5791 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(236)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(usual)-303(rate)-303(of)-304(that)-303(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.188 3.959 Td [(1096)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.907 -3.959 Td [(The)-303(interest)-303(was)-304(appropriated)-303(to)-303(the)]TJ -121.095 -13.549 Td [(maintenance)-278(of)-278(300)-277(poor)-278(children,)-285(at)-278(the)-278(rate)-277(of)-278(about)-278(\2431:11s.)-333(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(year)-316(for)-315(each)-316(male)-316(child,)-332(and)-315(\2431)-316(for)-315(each)-316(girl.)-447(The)-315(illegitimate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(children,)-271(who,)-271(it)-266(may)-267(be)-266(noted,)-271(were)-267(only)-266(two)-267(or)-267(three)-266(out)-267(of)-266(so)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(many,)-353(received)-332(a)-332(smaller)-332(allowance.)-497(The)-332(boys)-332(were)-332(supported)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(till)-387(their)-386(eighteenth)-387(year,)-421(the)-386(girls)-387(till)-387(fourteen.)-660(It)-386(was)-387(a)-386(bold)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(sagacious)-282(attempt)-281(to)-281(encourage)-282(Italian)-281(agriculture,)-289(to)-281(check)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(ominous)-302(depopulation)-301(of)-302(Italy,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.842 3.959 Td [(1097)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.866 -3.959 Td [(and)-301(to)-302(answer)-301(the)-301(cry)-302(of)]TJ -172.708 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(poor.)-419(Hadrian)-307(continued)-306(and)-306(even)-307(added)-306(to)-306(the)-306(benefaction)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-348(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.089 3.959 Td [(1098)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.388 -3.959 Td [(Antoninus)-348(Pius,)-373(in)-349(honour)-348(of)-349(his)-348(wife)-349(Faustina,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -139.232 0 Td [([193])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(established)-328(a)-329(foundation)-328(for)-329(young)-328(girls)-329(who)-328(were)-329(to)-328(be)-328(called)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-275(her)-275(not)-275(altogether)-276(unspotted)-275(name.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.197 3.959 Td [(1099)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.989 -3.959 Td [(A)-275(similar)-275(charity)-275(was)]TJ -186.186 -13.549 Td [(founded)-250(in)-250(honour)-250(of)-250(her)-250(daughter)-250(by)-250(M.)-250(Aurelius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.782 3.959 Td [(1100)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -209.826 -19.573 Td [(But,)-236(while)-232(the)-233(emperors)-232(were)-232(responding)-233(to)-232(the)-233(call)-232(of)-232(charity)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(by)-322(using)-321(the)-322(resources)-322(of)-321(the)-322(State,)-339(it)-322(is)-322(clear,)-339(from)-322(the)-321(Letters)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-490(Pliny)-489(and)-490(from)-490(the)-489(inscriptions,)-550(that)-490(private)-489(benevolence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-503(even)-503(more)-503(active.)-1008(Pliny)-503(has)-503(a)-503(conception)-503(of)-503(the)-502(uses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-431(responsibilities)-430(of)-431(wealth)-431(which,)-476(in)-430(spite)-431(of)-431(the)-430(teaching)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-424(Galilee,)-468(is)-425(not)-424(yet)-424(very)-425(common.)-773(Although)-424(he)-425(was)-424(not)-424(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(very)-488(wealthy)-487(man,)-547(he)-488(acted)-488(up)-487(to)-488(his)-488(principles)-487(on)-488(a)-487(scale)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-384(proportion)-384(which)-384(only)-384(a)-384(few)-384(of)-384(our)-384(millionaires)-384(have)-383(yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reached.)-1027(The)-509(lavish)-509(generosity)-509(of)-509(Pliny)-509(is)-509(a)-508(commonplace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-461(social)-461(history.)-883(We)-461(have)-461(not)-461(the)-461(slightest)-461(wish)-461(to)-461(detract)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-399(the)-398(merited)-399(fame)-399(of)-399(that)-398(kindliest)-399(of)-399(Roman)-398(gentlemen.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(But)-484(a)-484(survey)-483(of)-484(the)-484(inscriptions)-483(may)-484(incline)-484(the)-484(inquirer)-483(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believe)-239(that,)-242(according)-239(to)-239(their)-240(means,)-241(there)-240(were)-239(many)-239(men)-239(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.078 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.265 Td [(1096)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.964 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.121 0 Td [(x.)-476(62.)-476(The)-326(letter)-325(reveals)-325(an)-326(unwillingness)-325(among)-325(the)-326(people)-325(of)]TJ -48.041 -10.959 Td [(Bithynia)-250(to)-250(become)-250(debtors)-250(to)-250(the)-250(public)-250(treasury.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1097)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-341(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.007 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.2 0 Td [(iv.)-341(27,)-288(minore)-281(in)-280(dies)-280(plebe)-281(ingenua;)-295(iii.)-341(25;)-296(cf.)-341(Meriv.)-341(viii.)]TJ -64.163 -10.959 Td [(353.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1098)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.517 -7.311 Td [(1099)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.889 0 Td [(Ant.)-250(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -72.483 -7.31 Td [(1100)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.303 0 Td [(M.)-300(Aurel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.259 0 Td [(26;)-325(cf.)-401(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.417 0 Td [(Pertin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.349 0 Td [(9.)-401(He)-300(found)-300(the)-300(interest)-301(on)-300(Trajan)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 124.873 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(s)]TJ -277.141 -10.959 Td [(foundation)-259(nine)-259(years)-259(in)-258(arrear.)-277(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 150.693 0 Td [(Alex.)-277(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.663 0 Td [(57,)-261(7;)-263(his)-259(charity)-259(children)]TJ -188.356 -10.959 Td [(were)-250(called)-250(Mammaeani;)-250(Kratz,)-250(p.)-250(11.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1137 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1138 0 R /Resources 1136 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1135 0 R >> endobj 1139 0 obj << /D [1137 0 R /XYZ 247.161 396.232 null] >> endobj 1136 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1142 0 obj << /Length 6415 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(237)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(women)-329(in)-329(obscure)-328(municipalities)-329(all)-329(over)-329(the)-328(world,)-349(who)-328(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-257(generous)-257(and)-257(public-spirited)-257(as)-257(Pliny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.731 3.959 Td [(1101)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.398 -3.959 Td [(With)-257(Pliny,)-259(as)-257(with)]TJ -196.129 -13.549 Td [(those)-308(more)-308(obscure)-308(benefactors,)-323(the)-307(impelling)-308(motive)-308(was)-308(love)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-371(the)-371(parent)-371(city)-371(or)-371(the)-371(village)-371(which)-371(was)-371(the)-371(home)-371(of)-370(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(race,)-333(and)-317(where)-316(the)-317(years)-316(of)-317(youth)-316(had)-316(been)-317(passed.)-449(Pliny,)-333(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinguished)-381(advocate,)-415(the)-381(famous)-381(man)-382(of)-381(letters,)-414(the)-381(darling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-356(Roman)-356(society,)-383(still)-356(remained)-356(the)-356(loyal)-357(son)-356(of)-356(Como,)-382(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-230(his)-230(love)-230(never)-230(strays.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.618 3.959 Td [(1102)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.093 -3.959 Td [(He)-230(followed)-230(and)-230(improved)-230(upon)]TJ -139.711 -13.549 Td [(the)-281(example)-280(of)-281(his)-280(father)-281(in)-280(munificence)-281(to)-280(his)-281(native)-281(place.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1103)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(He)-443(had)-442(little)-443(liking)-443(for)-443(games)-442(and)-443(gladiatorial)-443(shows,)-490(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-263(the)-263(most)-264(popular)-263(objects)-263(of)-263(liberality)-263(in)-264(those)-263(days.)-289(But)-263(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gave)-248(a)-249(sum)-248(of)-248(nearly)-248(\2439000)-249(for)-248(the)-248(foundation)-249(of)-248(a)-248(town)-248(library,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-247(an)-247(annual)-247(endowment)-247(of)-247(more)-247(than)-247(\243800)-247(to)-247(maintain)-247(it.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1104)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Finding)-207(that)-207(promising)-208(youths)-207(of)-207(Como)-207(had)-208(to)-207(resort)-207(to)-207(Milan)-207(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-311(higher)-311(education,)-326(he)-311(offered)-311(to)-311(contribute)-311(one-third)-311(of)-310(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([194])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(expense)-257(of)-258(a)-257(high)-257(school)-258(at)-257(Como,)-259(if)-257(the)-258(parents)-257(would)-257(raise)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remainder.)-314(The)-272(letter)-271(which)-272(records)-271(the)-272(offer)-271(shows)-272(Pliny)-271(at)-271(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(best,)-301(wise)-291(and)-290(thoughtful)-291(as)-291(well)-290(as)-291(generous.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.888 3.959 Td [(1105)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.498 -3.959 Td [(He)-291(wishes)-290(to)]TJ -223.386 -13.549 Td [(keep)-242(boys)-242(under)-243(the)-242(protection)-242(of)-242(home)-242(influence,)-244(to)-242(make)-242(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lovers)-238(of)-237(their)-237(mother)-238(city;)-242(and)-237(he)-238(limits)-237(his)-238(benefaction)-237(in)-237(order)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-271(stimulate)-271(the)-270(interest)-271(of)-271(the)-271(parents)-270(in)-271(the)-271(cause)-271(of)-270(education,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-258(in)-257(the)-258(appointment)-257(of)-258(the)-257(teachers.)-273(Another)-257(sum)-258(of)-257(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(\2434000)-306(and)-306(\2435000)-306(he)-306(gave)-306(to)-306(Como)-306(for)-306(the)-306(support)-306(of)-306(boys)-305(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(girls)-348(of)-349(the)-348(poorer)-348(class.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.42 3.959 Td [(1106)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.381 -3.959 Td [(He)-348(also)-349(left)-348(more)-348(than)-348(\2434000)-349(for)]TJ -131.801 -13.549 Td [(public)-299(baths,)-311(and)-299(a)-299(sum)-298(of)-299(nearly)-299(\24316,000)-299(to)-299(his)-298(freedmen,)-311(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 176.281 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 169.468 Td [(1101)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-221(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.301 0 Td [(6694)-162(to)-162(a)-162(man)-162(who)-162(left)-162(Tibur)-162(his)-162(sole)-162(heir;)-191(3733)-162(ob)-162(munificentiam;)]TJ -48.257 -10.959 Td [(3765,)-346(3766,)-346(3882,)-346(7190,)-347(6993,)-346(7001,)-346(781;)-365(cf.)-481(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 206.861 0 Td [(Vit.)-481(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.122 0 Td [(ii.)-481(1)-327(sqq.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -246.983 -10.958 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301\271\303\304\261)-285(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.618 0 Td [(r)-285(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.025 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\311\275)-285(\300\273\277\315\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 59.991 0 Td [(\363)-285(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.594 0 Td [(\307\301\256\303\261\304\277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.746 0 Td [(.)-354(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.283 0 Td [(H.)-285(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.042 0 Td [(xxix.)-354(4)-284(\0508\051;)-302(Friedl\344nder,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -193.006 -10.959 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.522 0 Td [(46)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.262 -7.311 Td [(1102)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.079 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.493 0 Td [(i.)-266(3,)-257(\247)-255(1,)-256(Comum)-256(meae)-255(deliciae;)-258(v.)-266(11,)-257(2;)-258(iv.)-265(13,)-257(respublica)-255(nostra)]TJ -45.527 -10.959 Td [(pro)-250(filia)-250(vel)-250(parente.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1103)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(the)-250(inscr.)-250(in)-250(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.707 0 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(p.)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -121.296 -7.311 Td [(1104)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(i.)-250(8;)-250(v.)-250(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(1172.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -96.899 -7.394 Td [(1105)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iv.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.311 Td [(1106)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(18;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.652 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(1172.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1141 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1142 0 R /Resources 1140 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1135 0 R >> endobj 1143 0 obj << /D [1141 0 R /XYZ 210.579 328.486 null] >> endobj 1140 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1146 0 obj << /Length 5387 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(238)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(for)-310(communal)-311(feasts.)-431(On)-310(two)-310(of)-311(his)-310(estates)-310(he)-311(built)-310(or)-310(repaired)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temples)-203(at)-204(his)-203(own)-204(expense.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.072 3.959 Td [(1107)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.996 -3.959 Td [(His)-203(private)-204(benefactions)-203(were)-204(on)]TJ -139.068 -13.549 Td [(a)-213(similar)-213(scale.)-238(It)-213(is)-213(not)-213(necessary)-213(to)-213(adopt)-213(the)-212(cynical)-213(conclusion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-276(Pliny)-276(has)-275(told)-276(us)-276(all)-276(his)-276(liberality.)-327(The)-276(kindly)-276(delicacy)-275(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-325(Pliny)-324(claims)-325(the)-324(right)-325(of)-324(a)-325(second)-324(father)-325(to)-324(make)-325(up)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dowry)-236(of)-237(the)-236(daughter)-237(of)-236(his)-236(friend)-237(Quintilian,)-239(might)-236(surely)-236(save)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-280(from)-280(such)-279(an)-280(imputation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 130.69 3.959 Td [(1108)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.139 -3.959 Td [(In)-280(the)-280(same)-279(spirit)-280(he)-280(offers)-279(to)]TJ -150.829 -13.549 Td [(Romatius)-178(Firmus)-179(the)-178(\2432500)-178(which)-178(was)-178(needed)-179(to)-178(raise)-178(his)-178(fortune)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-285(the)-286(level)-285(of)-286(equestrian)-285(rank.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.63 3.958 Td [(1109)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.325 -3.958 Td [(When)-285(the)-286(philosophers)-285(were)]TJ -154.955 -13.55 Td [(banished)-279(by)-279(Domitian,)-286(Pliny,)-286(who)-278(was)-279(then)-279(praetor,)-286(at)-279(the)-278(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imminent)-283(risk)-282(visited)-283(his)-282(friend)-283(Artemidorus,)-291(and)-282(lent)-283(him,)-290(free)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-346(interest,)-371(a)-346(considerable)-346(sum)-347(of)-346(money.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 186.534 3.959 Td [(1110)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.318 -3.959 Td [(The)-346(daughter)-347(of)]TJ -208.852 -13.549 Td [(one)-222(of)-222(his)-222(friends)-222(was)-222(left)-222(with)-221(an)-222(embarrassed)-222(estate;)-232(Pliny)-221(took)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(up)-237(all)-236(the)-237(debts)-237(and)-237(left)-236(Calvina)-237(with)-237(an)-236(inheritance)-237(free)-237(from)-236(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(burdens.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.266 3.959 Td [(1111)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.721 -3.959 Td [(He)-267(gave)-267(his)-267(old)-267(nurse)-267(a)-267(little)-267(estate)-267(which)-267(cost)-267(him)]TJ -56.987 -13.549 Td [(about)-281(\243800.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.855 3.959 Td [(1112)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.194 -3.959 Td [(But)-281(the)-282(amount)-281(of)-282(this)-281(good)-281(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.694 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-281(gifts,)-290(which)]TJ -221.376 -13.549 Td [(might)-270(shame)-270(a)-270(modern)-270(testator)-270(with)-270(ten)-270(times)-270(his)-270(fortune,)-275(is)-270(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-214(striking)-213(as)-214(the)-213(kindness)-214(which)-213(prompted)-214(them,)-220(and)-214(the)-213(modest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(delicacy)-250(with)-250(which)-250(they)-250(were)-250(made.)]TJ 11.955 -18.021 Td [(Yet)-376(Pliny,)-408(as)-376(we)-376(have)-376(said,)-407(is)-376(only)-376(a)-376(shining)-376(example)-377(of)-376(a)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(numerous)-404(class)-403(of)-404(more)-403(obscure)-404(benefactors.)-710(For)-404(a)-403(thousand)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(who)-379(know)-379(his)-380(Letters,)-411(there)-379(are)-379(few)-380(who)-379(have)-379(read)-379(the)-379(stone)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(records)-342(of)-343(similar)-342(generosity.)-527(Yet)-342(these)-343(memorials)-342(abound)-342(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-379(who)-380(care)-379(to)-380(read)-379(them.)-639(And)-379(any)-380(one)-379(who)-380(will)-379(spend)-379(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(few)-346(days,)-370(or)-346(even)-346(a)-346(few)-346(well-directed)-346(hours,)-370(in)-346(examining)-346(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-245(of)-244(the)-245(early)-245(Empire,)-246(will)-244(find)-245(many)-245(a)-245(common,)-245(self-)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([195])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(complacent)-194(prejudice)-194(melting)-194(away.)-232(He)-194(will)-194(discover)-194(a)-194(profusion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-378(generosity)-377(to)-378(add)-377(to)-378(the)-377(beauty,)-410(dignity,)-409(or)-378(convenience)-377(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.549 Td [(1107)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iv.)-250(1;)-250(cf.)-250(ix.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.311 Td [(1108)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1109)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1110)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1111)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1112)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1145 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1146 0 R /Resources 1144 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1135 0 R >> endobj 1147 0 obj << /D [1145 0 R /XYZ 93.543 174.973 null] >> endobj 1144 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1150 0 obj << /Length 5183 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(younger)-250(Pliny)-10921(239)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-340(parent)-340(city,)-362(to)-340(lighten)-339(the)-340(dulness)-340(of)-340(ordinary)-339(life,)-363(to)-339(bring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-395(ranks)-395(together)-394(in)-395(common)-395(scenes)-395(of)-395(enjoyment,)-431(to)-394(relieve)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(want)-432(and)-432(suffering)-433(among)-432(the)-432(indigent.)-797(The)-432(motives)-432(of)-432(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extraordinary)-433(liberality)-432(were)-433(indeed)-433(often)-433(mixed,)-478(and)-433(it)-432(was,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-505(our)-505(point)-505(of)-505(view,)-568(often)-505(misdirected.)-1015(The)-505(gifts)-504(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-449(made)-449(merely)-448(to)-449(win)-449(popularity,)-498(or)-449(to)-449(repay)-448(civic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honours)-301(which)-302(had)-301(been)-302(conferred)-301(by)-301(the)-302(populace.)-404(They)-301(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(too)-431(often)-431(devoted)-431(to)-431(gladiatorial)-431(shows)-431(and)-431(other)-431(exhibitions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-468(only)-468(debased)-468(the)-467(spectators.)-904(Yet)-468(the)-468(greatest)-468(part)-467(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(them)-208(were)-208(expended)-208(on)-208(objects)-208(of)-208(public)-208(utility)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 204.95 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(baths,)-216(theatres,)]TJ -215.859 -13.549 Td [(markets,)-204(or)-193(new)-193(roads)-193(and)-193(aqueducts,)-204(or)-193(on)-193(those)-193(public)-192(banquets)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-396(knitted)-397(all)-396(ranks)-397(together.)-689(There)-396(was)-396(in)-397(those)-396(days)-396(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immense)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.158 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(civic)-345(ardour,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.172 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.608 0 Td [(an)-345(almost)-345(passionate)-345(rivalry,)-369(to)-345(make)]TJ -112.781 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(mother)-272(city)-272(a)-272(more)-271(pleasant)-272(and)-272(a)-272(more)-272(splendid)-272(home.)-315(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(endless)-302(foundations)-302(for)-302(civic)-303(feasts)-302(to)-302(all)-302(orders,)-315(in)-302(which)-302(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(children)-413(and)-413(slaves)-412(were)-413(not)-413(forgotten,)-453(with)-413(a)-413(distribution)-412(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(money)-304(at)-303(the)-303(close,)-317(softened)-304(the)-303(sharp)-304(distinctions)-303(of)-304(rank,)-316(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gave)-365(an)-365(appreciable)-365(relief)-364(to)-365(poverty.)-595(Other)-365(foundations)-364(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-311(definitely)-311(inspired)-311(by)-312(charity)-311(and)-311(pity.)-433(In)-311(remote)-311(country)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(towns,)-426(there)-391(were)-391(pious)-391(founders)-391(who,)-426(like)-391(Pliny)-391(and)-391(Trajan,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-367(the)-367(Antonines,)-397(provided)-367(for)-367(the)-368(nurture)-367(of)-367(the)-367(children)-367(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(poor.)-357(Bequests)-285(were)-286(left)-285(to)-286(cheapen)-285(the)-286(main)-285(necessaries)-285(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 17.269 3.959 Td [(1113)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.889 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-174(were)-174(the)-174(aged)-174(and)-174(the)-173(sick)-174(forgotten.)-225(In)-174(Lorium,)-189(near)]TJ -36.158 -13.549 Td [(the)-308(old)-307(home)-308(of)-307(the)-308(Antonines,)-321(a)-308(humble)-307(spice)-308(dealer)-307(provided)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-255(his)-255(will)-255(for)-255(a)-255(free)-255(distribution)-255(of)-255(medicines)-255(to)-255(the)-255(poor)-255(people)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-264(the)-264(town.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 52.72 3.959 Td [(1114)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.617 -3.959 Td [(The)-264(countless)-264(gifts)-263(and)-264(legacies)-264(to)-264(the)-264(colleges,)]TJ -72.337 -13.549 Td [(which)-348(were)-349(the)-348(refuge)-348(of)-348(the)-348(poor)-349(in)-348(that)-348(age,)-373(in)-348(every)-348(region)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-297(the)-297(Roman)-296(world,)-309(are)-297(an)-296(irresistible)-297(proof)-297(of)-297(an)-296(overflowing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charity.)-606(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 62.669 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-369(love)-368(of)-369(the)-368(quiet)-369(town)-368(where)-369(his)-368(infancy)-369(was)]TJ -66.301 -13.549 Td [(passed,)-306(and)-296(the)-295(record)-295(of)-295(a)-295(like)-295(patriotism)-295(or)-295(benevolence)-295(in)-295(so)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(many)-316(others,)-333(draw)-317(us)-316(on)-316(to)-317(the)-316(study)-316(of)-316(that)-317(free)-316(and)-316(generous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(municipal)-250(life)-250(which)-250(was)-250(the)-250(great)-250(glory)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Antonine)-250(age.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.071 Td [(1113)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einleit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.488 0 Td [(p.)-250(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -112.087 -7.311 Td [(1114)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(114.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1149 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1150 0 R /Resources 1148 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1135 0 R >> endobj 1148 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1151 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index9) >> endobj 1154 0 obj (II. Municipal life) endobj 1157 0 obj << /Length 4362 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 20.788 512.811 Td [([196])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 169.664 -33.394 Td [(CHAPTER)-279(II)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -8.818 -50.457 Td [(MUNICIPAL)-276(LIFE)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -88.091 -29.174 Td [(Nearly)-304(all)-303(the)-303(intimate)-304(friends)-303(of)-304(Pliny)-303(were,)-317(like)-304(himself,)-316(bred)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-331(the)-332(country,)-352(and,)-351(as)-332(we)-331(have)-332(seen,)-351(he)-332(has)-331(left)-332(us)-331(a)-331(priceless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(picture)-340(of)-340(that)-339(rural)-340(aristocracy)-340(in)-339(the)-340(calm)-340(refinement)-340(of)-339(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(country)-387(seats.)-661(But)-387(of)-387(the)-387(ordinary)-387(life)-387(of)-387(the)-387(provincial)-387(town)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-368(learn)-369(very)-368(little)-369(from)-368(Pliny.)-605(Indeed,)-398(the)-369(silence)-368(of)-368(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literature)-390(generally)-389(as)-390(to)-389(social)-390(life)-389(outside)-390(the)-389(capital)-390(is)-389(very)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(remarkable.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.797 3.959 Td [(1115)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.281 -3.959 Td [(In)-437(the)-437(long)-437(line)-436(of)-437(great)-437(Latin)-437(authors)-437(from)]TJ -77.078 -13.549 Td [(Ennius)-351(to)-351(Juvenal,)-376(there)-351(is)-351(hardly)-351(one)-351(whose)-351(native)-351(place)-350(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rome.)-353(The)-284(men)-284(who)-284(are)-284(the)-284(glory)-285(of)-284(Roman)-284(letters)-284(in)-284(epic)-284(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lyric)-315(poetry,)-332(in)-315(oratory)-315(and)-316(history,)-331(in)-315(comedy)-316(and)-315(satire,)-331(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(born)-207(in)-208(quiet)-207(country)-208(towns)-207(in)-208(Italy)-207(or)-208(the)-207(remoter)-208(provinces.)-235(But)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-229(reminiscences)-228(of)-229(the)-229(scenes)-228(of)-229(their)-229(infancy)-228(will)-229(generally)-228(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(found)-206(to)-206(be)-206(faint)-207(and)-206(rare.)-235(Horace,)-215(indeed,)-215(displays)-206(a)-206(tender)-206(piety)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-409(that)-410(borderland)-409(of)-410(Apulia,)-449(where,)-449(in)-409(the)-410(glades)-409(of)-409(Mount)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vultur)-454(as)-454(a)-454(child,)-504(he)-454(drank)-454(inspiration)-454(from)-454(the)-454(witchery)-453(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(haunted)-264(groves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.224 3.959 Td [(1116)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.608 -3.959 Td [(And)-264(Martial,)-266(the)-264(hardened)-263(man)-264(about)-264(town,)]TJ -88.832 -13.549 Td [(never)-373(forgot)-374(the)-373(oak)-373(groves)-373(and)-374(iron)-373(foundries)-373(of)-374(Bilbilis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1117)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-245(for)-245(the)-246(municipal)-245(system)-245(and)-245(life,)-247(the)-245(relations)-245(of)-245(its)-245(various)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-410(grades,)-449(the)-410(humdrum)-410(routine)-410(of)-409(the)-410(shops)-410(and)-409(forums,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-328(rustic)-329(rites)-328(and)-329(deities,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.65 3.959 Td [(1118)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.235 -3.959 Td [(the)-328(lingering)-329(echoes)-328(of)-329(that)-328(dim)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.228 Td [(1115)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.56 0 Td [(Promenades)-311(Arch\346ologiques)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 105.894 0 Td [(,)-326(p.)-434(330,)-326(ce)-312(qui)-311(nous)-311(\351chappe)-311(c)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 115.273 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(est)]TJ -270.669 -10.959 Td [(la)-250(vie)-250(de)-250(province.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1116)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.908 0 Td [(iii.)-250(4,)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.029 -7.31 Td [(1117)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iv.)-250(55,)-250(11;)-250(xii.)-250(18,)-250(9;)-250(i.)-250(50.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1118)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(It)-274(must,)-280(however,)-281(be)-274(said)-274(that)-274(Virgil)-275(has)-274(preserved)-274(much)-274(of)-274(local)-275(religious)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(sentiment.)-250(Cf.)-250(Sellar,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.205 0 Td [(Virgil)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.928 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(365)-250(sq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1156 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1157 0 R /Resources 1155 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1135 0 R >> endobj 84 0 obj << /D [1156 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 1152 0 obj << /D [1156 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 1155 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1160 0 obj << /Length 5430 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(241)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(common)-509(life)-508(with)-509(its)-509(vices)-508(and)-509(honest)-509(tenderness,)-573(its)-508(petty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambitions)-219(or)-220(hopeless)-219(griefs,)-226(we)-219(must)-220(generally)-219(go)-220(to)-219(the)-219(records)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-359(stone,)-387(and)-359(the)-359(remains)-359(of)-359(buried)-360(cities)-359(which)-359(the)-359(spade)-359(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(given)-250(back)-250(to)-250(the)-250(light.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([197])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -14.966 Td [(This)-400(silence)-400(of)-400(the)-399(literary)-400(class)-400(is)-400(not)-400(due)-400(to)-400(any)-400(want)-399(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(love)-467(in)-468(the)-467(Roman)-467(for)-467(the)-467(calm)-468(and)-467(freshness)-467(and)-467(haunting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charm)-407(of)-406(country)-407(scenes,)-446(still)-407(less)-406(to)-407(callousness)-407(towards)-406(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(associations.)-460(Certainly)-320(Virgil)-320(cannot)-320(be)-320(charged)-320(with)-320(any)-320(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lack)-202(of)-202(sensibility.)-234(In)-202(the)-202(Eclogues)-202(and)-202(the)-202(Georgics,)-211(the)-202(memory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-306(the)-307(old)-306(farm)-306(at)-306(Andes)-306(breaks)-307(through)-306(the)-306(more)-306(conventional)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sentiment)-168(of)-167(Alexandrian)-168(tradition.)-222(In)-167(the)-168(scenery)-167(of)-168(these)-167(poems,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-248(are)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.54 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(mossy)-248(fountains)-248(and)-248(grass)-248(softer)-248(than)-248(sleep,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 191.665 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.549 0 Td [(the)-248(hues)]TJ -244.597 -13.549 Td [(of)-257(violet,)-260(poppy,)-259(and)-258(hyacinth,)-259(the)-257(shade)-258(of)-257(ancient)-258(ilex,)-259(and)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yellow)-337(wealth)-337(of)-337(cornfield.)-510(We)-337(hear)-337(the)-337(murmur)-337(of)-337(bees,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 262.456 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(moan)-337(of)-337(doves)-337(in)-337(immemorial)-336(elms,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 162.31 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.519 0 Td [(the)-337(rush)-337(of)-337(the)-337(river,)-358(the)]TJ -170.829 -13.55 Td [(whispering)-311(of)-311(the)-311(wind.)-434(The)-311(pastoral)-311(charm)-311(of)-311(the)-311(midsummer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prime)-362(is)-362(there,)-389(from)-362(the)-362(freshness)-361(of)-362(fields)-362(under)-362(the)-361(morning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(star,)-310(through)-298(the)-298(hours)-299(alive)-298(with)-298(the)-298(song)-298(of)-298(the)-298(cicala)-298(and)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lowing)-224(of)-223(the)-224(herds)-224(around)-224(the)-223(pool,)-229(through)-224(the)-224(still,)-229(hot,)-228(vacant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noontide,)-239(till)-236(the)-237(moonbeams)-236(are)-236(glinting)-236(on)-237(the)-236(dewy)-236(grasses)-236(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-248(glades.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.634 3.959 Td [(1119)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.158 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-248(can)-247(any)-248(lover)-248(of)-248(Virgil)-247(ever)-248(forget)-248(the)-248(fire)-248(of)]TJ -65.792 -13.549 Td [(old)-192(sentiment)-193(in)-192(the)-192(muster)-193(of)-192(Italian)-192(chivalry)-193(in)-192(the)-192(seventh)-192(book)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-370(the)-370(Aeneid.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.721 3.959 Td [(1120)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.088 -3.959 Td [(Tibur)-370(and)-370(Praeneste,)-399(Anagnia,)-400(Nomentum,)]TJ -87.809 -13.549 Td [(and)-247(Amiternum,)-248(and)-248(many)-247(another)-247(old)-248(Sabine)-247(town,)-248(which)-247(send)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forth)-330(their)-330(young)-329(warriors)-330(to)-330(the)-330(fray,)-349(are)-330(each)-330(stamped)-330(on)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imagination)-324(by)-324(some)-323(grace)-324(of)-324(natural)-324(beauty,)-342(or)-324(some)-324(glory)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-263(legend.)-289(In)-263(the)-263(Flavian)-263(period,)-266(as)-263(we)-263(have)-263(seen,)-266(the)-263(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nobles)-215(had)-214(their)-215(villas)-215(on)-214(every)-215(pleasant)-215(site,)-221(wherever)-215(sea)-215(or)-214(hill)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-165(woodland)-165(offered)-165(a)-165(fair)-165(prospect)-165(and)-165(genial)-165(air.)-222(To)-164(these)-165(scenes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-269(hastened,)-275(like)-269(emancipated)-269(schoolboys,)-275(when)-269(the)-269(dog-days)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(set)-252(in.)-258(They)-252(had)-253(a)-252(genuine)-253(love)-252(of)-253(the)-252(unspoilt)-252(countryside,)-253(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.03 Td [(1119)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Virg.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.798 0 Td [(Ecl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.395 0 Td [(ii.)-571(48;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.488 0 Td [(Georg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.352 0 Td [(ii.)-571(466)-357(sqq.;)-411(iii.)-571(324-338,)-384(et)-357(saltus)-357(reficit)-357(jam)]TJ -108.988 -10.959 Td [(roscida)-250(luna;)-250(cf.)-250(Sellar,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 85.162 0 Td [(Virgil)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.928 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(166-167.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -108.83 -7.311 Td [(1120)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(vii.)-250(630)-250(sqq.;)-250(Sellar,)-250(p.)-250(80.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1159 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1160 0 R /Resources 1158 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1162 0 R >> endobj 1161 0 obj << /D [1159 0 R /XYZ 46.771 475.149 null] >> endobj 1158 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1165 0 obj << /Length 5535 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(242)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(its)-298(simple)-298(natural)-298(pleasures,)-310(its)-298(husbandry)-298(of)-298(the)-298(olden)-298(time,)-309(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(joyous)-233(plenty,)-236(above)-233(all)-233(its)-233(careless)-233(freedom)-233(and)-233(repose.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.563 3.959 Td [(1121)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.104 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(great)-365(charm)-364(of)-365(a)-364(rural)-364(retreat)-365(was)-364(its)-365(distance)-364(from)-365(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.757 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(noise)]TJ -257.601 -13.549 Td [(and)-267(smoke)-267(and)-267(wealth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.807 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.755 0 Td [(of)-267(Rome.)-300(The)-267(escape)-267(from)-267(the)-267(penalties)]TJ -105.562 -13.55 Td [(of)-235(fame,)-237(from)-235(the)-234(boredom)-235(of)-235(interminable)-234(dinners,)-238(the)-234(intrusive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(importunity)-304(of)-305(curious)-304(busybodies,)-318(the)-304(malice)-305(of)-304(jealous)-304(rivals,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gives)-301(a)-302(fresh)-301(zest)-302(to)-301(the)-302(long)-301(tranquil)-302(days)-301(under)-302(the)-301(ilex)-301(shade)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([198])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(among)-358(the)-359(Sabine)-358(hills.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.969 3.959 Td [(1122)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.708 -3.959 Td [(Horace)-358(probably)-359(felt)-358(more)-358(keenly)]TJ -128.677 -13.549 Td [(than)-440(Juvenal)-440(the)-440(charm)-440(of)-440(hill)-440(and)-440(stream)-440(and)-440(the)-440(scenes)-440(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rustic)-332(toils)-331(and)-332(gaiety.)-494(Yet)-332(the)-331(exquisite)-332(good)-331(sense)-332(of)-331(Horace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-422(have)-422(recoiled)-422(from)-422(the)-422(declamatory)-422(extravagance)-421(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-324(Juvenal)-323(justifies)-324(his)-324(friend)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 147.444 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-324(retirement)-323(from)-324(the)-324(capital,)]TJ -151.077 -13.549 Td [(by)-445(a)-445(realistic)-445(picture)-445(of)-445(all)-445(its)-445(sordid)-445(troubles)-445(and)-445(vices)-444(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absurdities.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.997 3.958 Td [(1123)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.067 -3.958 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(To)-223(love)-223(Rome)-223(at)-223(Tibur)-223(and)-223(Tibur)-223(at)-223(Rome)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 182.481 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.277 0 Td [(was)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(the)-223(expression)-223(of)-223(the)-223(educated)-223(Roman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.855 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-223(feelings)-223(in)-223(a)-223(form)-223(which)]TJ -168.488 -13.549 Td [(he)-280(would)-280(have)-280(recognised)-280(to)-280(be)-280(as)-280(just)-280(as)-280(it)-280(was)-280(happy.)-340(In)-280(spite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-265(the)-266(charm)-265(of)-265(the)-266(country,)-269(to)-265(any)-266(real)-265(man)-265(of)-266(letters)-265(or)-265(affairs,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-386(fascination)-386(of)-386(Rome)-387(was)-386(irresistible.)-658(Pliny,)-420(and)-386(no)-386(doubt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hundreds)-215(of)-215(his)-215(class,)-222(from)-215(Augustus)-215(to)-215(Theodosius,)-222(grumbled)-214(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-295(wasteful)-296(fashion)-295(in)-295(which)-295(their)-295(lives)-296(were)-295(frittered)-295(away)-295(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monotonous)-342(social)-341(duties,)-365(as)-341(imperious)-342(as)-341(they)-342(were)-341(generally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vain.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.513 3.959 Td [(1124)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.123 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-310(to)-310(Pliny,)-324(as)-310(to)-310(Symmachus,)-325(the)-310(prospect)-309(of)-310(never)]TJ -42.636 -13.549 Td [(again)-267(seeing)-266(the)-267(city,)-270(so)-267(seductive)-266(and)-267(so)-266(wearying,)-271(would)-266(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-280(absolutely)-281(intolerable.)-340(Martial,)-288(when)-281(he)-280(retired)-280(to)-280(Bilbilis,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-375(to)-375(pity)-375(his)-376(friend)-375(Juvenal,)-406(wandering)-375(restlessly)-375(through)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-287(noisy)-286(Suburra,)-296(or)-286(climbing)-287(the)-287(Caelian)-286(in)-287(hot)-286(haste,)-296(to)-286(hang)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.228 Td [(1121)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.326 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.575 0 Td [(i.)-293(3;)-272(i.)-294(6;)-271(i.)-294(9;)-272(vii.)-293(30;)-272(ix.)-293(36.)-294(Mart.)-293(iii.)-293(58;)-272(i.)-294(56;)-271(iv.)-294(66;)-272(iv.)-293(90;)-272(vi.)]TJ -45.857 -10.959 Td [(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1122)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.908 0 Td [(i.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.029 -7.31 Td [(1123)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1124)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)-274(Rom.)-324(Society)-274(in)-275(the)-274(Last)-274(Century)-275(of)-274(the)-275(Western)-274(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 211.823 0 Td [(,)-280(p.)-324(128)-274(sq.)-323(\0501st)]TJ -223.779 -10.959 Td [(ed.\051;)-250(Sym.)-250(i.)-250(101;)-250(ii.)-250(26;)-250(v.)-250(78.)-250(Cf.)-250(Auson.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 151.443 0 Td [(Idyl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(x.)-250(20,)-250(155,)-250(189.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1164 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1165 0 R /Resources 1163 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1162 0 R >> endobj 1166 0 obj << /D [1164 0 R /XYZ 349.333 436.88 null] >> endobj 1163 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1169 0 obj << /Length 6213 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(243)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(on)-387(the)-387(outskirts)-387(of)-386(a)-387(levee.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 122.598 3.959 Td [(1125)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.644 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-387(in)-387(the)-386(preface)-387(to)-387(this)-387(last)]TJ -146.242 -13.549 Td [(book,)-396(Martial)-367(seems)-367(to)-367(feel)-367(his)-367(banishment)-367(as)-367(keenly)-367(as)-367(Ovid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(felt)-271(his)-272(among)-271(the)-271(frozen)-271(rivers)-272(of)-271(Scythia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.258 3.959 Td [(1126)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.862 -3.959 Td [(He)-271(misses)-272(in)-271(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -208.12 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(provincial)-216(solitude)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 81.144 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.202 0 Td [(the)-216(sympathetic)-216(public)-216(which)-217(was)-216(eager)-216(for)]TJ -93.19 -13.55 Td [(his)-353(latest)-353(epigram,)-379(the)-353(fine)-353(critical)-353(judgment)-353(to)-353(appreciate,)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(concourse)-192(of)-191(elegant)-192(idlers)-192(to)-191(supply)-192(the)-192(matter)-191(for)-192(his)-192(verses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1127)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-263(worst)-263(of)-263(all,)-266(the)-263(most)-262(famous)-263(wit)-263(of)-263(Rome)-263(is)-263(now)-263(the)-262(mark)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-355(the)-354(ignorant)-355(spite)-355(and)-355(envy)-354(of)-355(a)-355(provincial)-354(clique.)-564(Martial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evidently)-302(feels)-302(very)-301(much)-302(as)-302(Dr.)-405(Johnson)-302(would)-302(have)-302(felt)-302(if)-301(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-336(been)-336(compelled)-335(to)-336(live)-336(out)-336(his)-336(days)-335(in)-336(Skye.)-508(Juvenal)-335(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affect)-276(to)-275(regret)-275(the)-276(simple)-275(ways)-276(of)-275(those)-276(rustic)-275(places,)-282(where)-275(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(festal)-301(days)-300(in)-301(the)-301(grass-grown)-300(theatre)-301(the)-301(infant)-300(in)-301(his)-300(mother)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(arms)-305(shudders)-305(at)-305(the)-305(awful)-305(masks)-305(of)-305(the)-305(actors,)-319(and)-305(the)-304(aediles)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([199])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(take)-264(their)-263(places)-264(in)-264(white)-264(tunics)-263(like)-264(the)-264(humble)-263(crowd.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.525 3.958 Td [(1128)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.614 -3.958 Td [(But,)]TJ -262.139 -13.55 Td [(in)-240(spite)-240(of)-240(this)-241(sentiment,)-242(the)-240(true)-240(Roman)-240(had)-240(a)-240(certain)-240(contempt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-340(municipal)-340(life,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.043 3.959 Td [(1129)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.392 -3.959 Td [(for)-340(the)-340(narrow)-340(range)-340(of)-340(its)-340(interests,)-362(the)]TJ -101.435 -13.549 Td [(ludicrous)-292(assumption)-292(of)-293(dignity)-292(by)-292(its)-292(petty)-292(magistrates,)-303(and)-292(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provincialisms.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.971 3.959 Td [(1130)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.25 -3.959 Td [(It)-253(was)-252(indeed)-253(only)-252(natural)-253(that)-252(the)-253(splendour)]TJ -86.221 -13.549 Td [(and)-366(the)-366(vivid)-367(energy)-366(of)-366(life)-366(in)-366(the)-367(capital)-366(of)-366(the)-366(world)-366(should)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(throw)-236(provincial)-236(life)-235(into)-236(the)-236(shade.)-245(Yet)-236(we)-236(can)-235(realise)-236(now,)-239(as)-235(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 249.606 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 242.71 Td [(1125)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(xii.)-250(18)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 44.832 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -38.855 -20.224 Td [(Dum)-250(per)-250(limina)-250(te)-250(potentiorum)]TJ 8.967 -10.959 Td [(Sudatrix)-250(toga)-250(ventilat,)-250(vagumque)]TJ -8.967 -10.959 Td [(Major)-250(Caelius,)-250(et)-250(minor)-250(fatigat.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.672 -16.576 Td [(1126)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.344 0 Td [(Trist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.141 0 Td [(ii.)-239(196;)-229(iii.)-239(2,)-224(21,)-225(Roma)-218(domusque)-217(subit,)-225(desideriumque)-218(locorum;)]TJ -48.44 -10.959 Td [(cf.)-250(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.875 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.943 0 Td [(ii.)-250(7,)-250(28.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.558 -7.311 Td [(1127)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-275(xii.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.316 0 Td [(Praef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.482 0 Td [(illam)-258(judiciorum)-259(subtilitatem,)-260(illud)-259(materiarum)-258(ingenium,)]TJ -72.753 -10.958 Td [(bibliothecas,)-250(theatra,)-250(conventus,)-250(quasi)-250(destituti)-250(desideramus.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1128)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(173)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1129)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Illustrations)-307(may)-306(be)-307(found)-307(in)-307(Plaut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 132.835 0 Td [(Mil.)-420(Glor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.393 0 Td [(653;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.947 0 Td [(Captiv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.905 0 Td [(879;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.947 0 Td [(Trinum.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -251.982 -10.959 Td [(609;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.96 0 Td [(Bacch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.555 0 Td [(24;)-225(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.303 0 Td [(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.096 0 Td [(iii.)-238(6,)-220(15,)-220(videte)-212(quam)-213(despiciamur)-213(omnes)-212(qui)-213(sumus)]TJ -93.914 -10.959 Td [(e)-243(municipiis,)-244(id)-242(est,)-244(omnes)-243(plane;)-245(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 139.592 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.862 0 Td [(iv.)-248(3,)-244(seque)-242(ac)-243(majores)-242(et)-243(posteros)]TJ -158.454 -10.958 Td [(municipali)-250(adultero)-250(foedabat.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1130)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-366(x.)-366(100;)-308(cf.)-366(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.15 0 Td [(post)-289(Red.)-366(in)-288(Sen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.341 0 Td [(17;)-308(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.685 0 Td [(S.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.313 0 Td [(i.)-366(5,)-298(34,)-298(Insani)-289(ridentes)]TJ -196.444 -10.959 Td [(praemia)-250(scribae,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1168 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1169 0 R /Resources 1167 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1162 0 R >> endobj 1170 0 obj << /D [1168 0 R /XYZ 212.456 355.585 null] >> endobj 1167 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1173 0 obj << /Length 6831 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(244)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Roman)-225(wit)-224(or)-225(man)-225(of)-224(fashion)-225(could)-225(hardly)-224(do,)-230(that)-225(the)-224(municipal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system,)-274(which)-270(had)-270(overspread)-269(the)-270(world)-269(from)-270(the)-269(Solway)-270(to)-269(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(edge)-282(of)-283(the)-282(Sahara,)-291(was)-282(not)-282(the)-283(least)-282(glory)-282(of)-283(the)-282(Antonine)-282(age.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-223(in)-222(any)-223(attempt)-222(to)-223(estimate)-223(the)-222(moral)-223(condition)-222(of)-223(the)-222(masses)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-246(that)-245(age,)-246(the)-246(influence)-245(of)-246(municipal)-245(life)-246(should)-245(occupy)-246(a)-245(large)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(place.)]TJ 11.956 -15.318 Td [(It)-310(is)-310(beyond)-310(the)-310(scope)-310(of)-310(this)-310(work)-310(to)-310(trace)-310(provincial)-309(towns)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(through)-259(all)-258(their)-259(various)-259(grades,)-260(and)-259(their)-259(evolution)-258(in)-259(the)-258(hands)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-341(Roman)-342(statesmanship)-341(from)-341(the)-342(time)-341(of)-341(Augustus.)-524(What)-341(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-201(chiefly)-201(concerned)-200(with)-201(is)-201(the)-200(spirit)-201(and)-201(the)-201(rapid)-200(development)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-405(that)-405(brilliant)-405(civic)-405(life,)-444(which)-405(not)-405(only)-405(covered)-404(the)-405(worlds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(both)-494(of)-495(East)-494(and)-494(West)-494(with)-495(material)-494(monuments)-494(of)-494(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(energy,)-414(but)-382(profoundly)-381(influenced)-382(for)-381(good,)-415(or)-381(sometimes)-381(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evil,)-262(the)-260(popular)-260(character.)-280(The)-260(magical)-260(transformation)-259(wrought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-274(Roman)-273(rule)-274(in)-274(a)-274(century)-273(and)-274(a)-274(half)-273(seized)-274(the)-274(imagination)-273(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(contemporaries)-224(such)-225(as)-224(the)-225(rhetor)-224(Aristides.)-241(And)-225(the)-224(mere)-224(wreck)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-263(that)-263(brilliant)-263(civilisation)-263(which)-263(now)-263(meets)-263(the)-263(traveller)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.016 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-263(eye,)]TJ -255.649 -13.549 Td [(in)-257(regions)-257(that)-257(have)-258(long)-257(returned)-257(to)-257(waste,)-259(will)-257(not)-257(permit)-257(us)-257(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treat)-342(his)-343(eulogy)-342(of)-342(Rome)-343(as)-342(only)-342(a)-343(piece)-342(of)-342(rhetoric.)-527(Regions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-321(desert)-321(solitudes,)-339(are)-322(thickly)-321(dotted)-321(with)-321(flourishing)-321(cities;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-364(Empire)-363(is)-364(a)-363(realm)-364(of)-363(cities.)-591(The)-363(world)-364(has)-363(laid)-364(the)-363(sword)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aside,)-302(and)-291(keeps)-292(universal)-291(festival,)-302(with)-292(all)-291(pomp)-292(and)-291(gladness.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(All)-197(other)-196(feuds)-196(and)-197(rivalries)-196(are)-197(gone,)-207(and)-197(cities)-196(now)-196(vie)-197(with)-196(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-276(only)-276(in)-276(their)-276(splendour)-276(and)-276(their)-276(pleasures.)-328(Every)-275(space)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-239(crowded)-240(with)-239(porticoes,)-241(gymnasia,)-242(temple)-239(fronts,)-241(with)-239(studios)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-326(schools.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.762 3.959 Td [(1131)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.648 -3.959 Td [(Sandy)-326(wastes,)-345(trackless)-326(mountains,)-344(and)-326(broad)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -149.165 0 Td [([200])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(rivers)-378(present)-378(no)-378(barriers)-378(to)-378(the)-378(traveller,)-410(who)-378(finds)-378(his)-378(home)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-312(country)-311(everywhere.)-435(The)-312(earth)-311(has)-312(become)-311(a)-312(vast)-311(pleasure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(garden.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.411 3.959 Td [(1132)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -20.455 -19.277 Td [(This)-230(glowing)-231(description)-230(of)-231(the)-230(Roman)-231(world)-230(of)-231(the)-230(Antonine)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 102.988 Td [(1131)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.905 0 Td [(xiv.)-404(\050223\051,)-314(391,)-315(\050Jebb.)-404(i.)-404(p.)-404(223\051,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 125.799 0 Td [(\274\257\261)-301(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.174 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.468 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\267)-301(\272\261\304\255\307\265\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.71 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\301\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.581 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.944 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\300\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.353 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\304\271)]TJ -274.139 -10.958 Td [(\272\261\273\273\257\303\304\267)-284(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.139 0 Td [(v)-284(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.968 0 Td [(\264\257\303\304\267)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.405 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\254\303\304\267)-284(\306\261\275\265\257\304\261\271\207)-283(\300\254\275\304\261)-284(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 91.297 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.31 0 Td [(\274\265\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.74 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.252 0 Td [(\263\305\274\275\261\303\257\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.635 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.861 0 Td [(\272\301\267\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.193 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\300\301\277\300\305\273\261\257\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.63 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.312 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\264\267\274\271\277\305\301\263\257\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.566 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(\264\271\264\261\303\272\254\273\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.055 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -173.575 -7.311 Td [(1132)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(\050225\051,)-250(393-4,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 65.248 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\261)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.7 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\277\275)-250(\300\261\301\254\264\265\271\303\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.017 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\272\267\272\314\303\274\267\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.764 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1172 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1173 0 R /Resources 1171 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1162 0 R >> endobj 1174 0 obj << /D [1172 0 R /XYZ 169.953 177.676 null] >> endobj 1171 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1177 0 obj << /Length 6653 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(245)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(age)-395(is)-395(not)-395(perhaps)-395(strengthened)-395(by)-395(the)-395(appeal)-395(to)-395(the)-395(doubtful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(statistics)-291(of)-291(other)-291(contemporaries,)-302(such)-291(as)-291(Aelian)-291(and)-291(Josephus.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(We)-228(may)-228(hesitate)-228(to)-228(accept)-228(the)-228(statement)-228(that)-228(Italy)-228(had)-228(once)-227(1197)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cities,)-431(or)-395(that)-394(Gaul)-395(possessed)-395(1200.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.912 3.958 Td [(1133)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.903 -3.958 Td [(In)-395(these)-394(estimates,)-431(if)]TJ -185.815 -13.55 Td [(they)-362(have)-361(any)-362(solid)-362(foundation,)-389(the)-362(term)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 187.598 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(city)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.363 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.789 0 Td [(must)-362(be)-361(taken)]TJ -217.594 -13.549 Td [(in)-406(a)-405(very)-406(elastic)-406(sense.)-717(But)-406(there)-405(are)-406(other)-406(more)-405(trustworthy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reckonings)-223(which)-223(sufficiently)-223(support)-223(the)-223(glowing)-223(description)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aristides.)-593(When)-365(the)-364(Romans)-364(conquered)-365(Spain)-364(and)-364(Gaul,)-393(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(found)-329(a)-330(system)-329(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 84.055 0 Td [(pagi)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.989 0 Td [(or)-329(cantons,)-349(with)-330(very)-329(few)-329(considerable)]TJ -107.044 -13.55 Td [(towns.)-687(The)-396(800)-396(towns)-396(which)-396(are)-395(said)-396(to)-396(have)-396(been)-396(taken)-395(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Julius)-364(Caesar)-364(can)-364(have)-364(been)-363(little)-364(more)-364(than)-364(villages.)-592(But)-363(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Romanisation)-269(of)-269(both)-270(countries)-269(meant)-269(centralisation.)-307(Where)-269(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Romans)-378(did)-377(not)-378(find)-377(towns)-378(they)-377(created)-378(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.937 3.959 Td [(1134)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.341 -3.959 Td [(Gradually,)]TJ -234.278 -13.549 Td [(but)-239(rapidly,)-242(the)-239(isolated)-240(rural)-239(life)-240(became)-239(more)-240(social)-239(and)-239(urban.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(In)-305(the)-304(north-eastern)-305(province)-305(of)-304(Spain,)-319(out)-304(of)-305(293)-304(communities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-373(the)-373(time)-373(of)-373(the)-372(elder)-373(Pliny,)-404(179)-373(were)-373(in)-373(some)-373(sense)-372(urban,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(114)-388(were)-387(still)-388(purely)-387(rustic;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 125.991 3.959 Td [(1135)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.416 -3.959 Td [(and)-387(we)-388(may)-388(be)-387(sure)-388(that)-387(this)]TJ -147.407 -13.549 Td [(is)-379(an)-380(immense)-379(advance)-379(on)-380(the)-379(condition)-379(of)-380(the)-379(country)-379(at)-379(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time)-473(of)-472(the)-472(conquest.)-918(In)-472(the)-473(reign)-472(of)-473(Antoninus)-472(Pius,)-528(only)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(27)-359(of)-358(these)-359(rural)-359(districts)-359(remained)-358(without)-359(an)-359(organised)-358(civic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(centre.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.379 3.959 Td [(1136)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.051 -3.959 Td [(In)-277(Gaul,)-284(Julius)-277(Caesar)-277(impressed)-277(the)-277(stamp)-277(of)-277(Rome)]TJ -49.43 -13.549 Td [(on)-470(the)-470(province)-470(of)-470(Narbo,)-525(by)-470(founding)-470(cities)-470(of)-470(the)-470(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(type,)-494(and)-446(his)-445(policy)-446(was)-445(continued)-445(by)-446(Augustus.)-836(The)-445(loose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cantonal)-431(system)-432(almost)-431(disappeared)-431(from)-432(the)-431(province)-431(in)-431(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(south,)-291(although)-283(it)-283(lingered)-283(long)-283(in)-283(the)-283(northern)-283(regions)-283(of)-282(Gaul.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-219(even)-218(in)-219(the)-218(north,)-225(on)-219(the)-219(borders)-218(of)-219(Germany,)-225(Cologne,)-224(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-286(reign)-286(of)-286(Claudius,)-295(became)-286(the)-286(envy)-286(of)-286(the)-286(barbarians)-286(across)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-341(Rhine,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.842 3.959 Td [(1137)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.408 -3.959 Td [(and)-341(Tr\350ves,)-364(from)-341(the)-341(days)-341(of)-342(Augustus,)-364(already)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.472 Td [(1133)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aelian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.418 0 Td [(V.)-342(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.042 0 Td [(ix.)-526(16,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.413 0 Td [(\244)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\272\267\303\261\275)-342(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.247 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.702 0 Td [(\300\314\273\265\271\302)-342(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.897 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.612 0 Td [(8)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.43 0 Td [(\304\261\273\257\261\275)-342(\300\254\273\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.82 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.572 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.774 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\267\275\256\272\277\275\304\261)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.337 0 Td [(v)-250(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.644 0 Td [(\272\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.135 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.789 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.462 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-250(\307\271\273\257\261\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.266 0 Td [(;)-250(Jos.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.677 0 Td [(B.)-250(J.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(ii.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -192.808 -7.31 Td [(1134)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Arnold,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Prov.)-250(Administration)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 96.639 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(203.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -141.219 -7.395 Td [(1135)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(iii.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -36.115 -7.31 Td [(1136)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.832 0 Td [(i.)-250(73.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.904 -7.311 Td [(1137)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.592 0 Td [(p.)-464(168;)-357(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.878 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.568 0 Td [(i.)-464(36;)-357(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.384 0 Td [(R\366m.)-464(Staatsverw.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 67.317 0 Td [(i.)-464(121;)-357(Bury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.258 0 Td [(Rom.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1176 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1177 0 R /Resources 1175 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1162 0 R >> endobj 1175 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1180 0 obj << /Length 6002 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(246)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(anticipated)-177(its)-178(glory)-177(as)-178(a)-177(seat)-177(of)-178(empire)-177(from)-178(Diocletian)-177(to)-177(Gratian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-283(Valentinian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.464 3.959 Td [(1138)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.231 -3.959 Td [(In)-283(the)-282(Agri)-283(Decumates,)-290(between)-283(the)-282(Rhine)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -165.45 0 Td [([201])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(and)-222(Neckar,)-227(the)-222(remains)-222(of)-222(baths)-222(and)-222(aqueducts,)-228(the)-222(mosaics)-221(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bronzes)-412(and)-412(pottery,)-452(which)-412(antiquarian)-412(industry)-412(has)-411(collected)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-275(explored,)-281(attest)-275(the)-275(existence)-275(of)-275(at)-275(least)-275(160)-275(flourishing)-275(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(civilised)-299(communities.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.332 3.959 Td [(1139)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.782 -3.959 Td [(Baden)-299(was)-300(already)-299(a)-300(crowded)-299(resort)]TJ -120.114 -13.549 Td [(for)-229(its)-228(healing)-229(waters)-228(when,)-233(in)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 133.466 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.471 0 Td [(69,)-233(it)-228(was)-229(given)-228(up)-229(to)-228(fire)-229(and)]TJ -151.937 -13.549 Td [(sword)-352(by)-353(Caecina)-352(in)-353(his)-352(advance)-352(to)-353(meet)-352(the)-352(army)-353(of)-352(Otho)-352(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(valley)-276(of)-275(the)-275(Po.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.671 3.958 Td [(1140)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.994 -3.958 Td [(The)-275(Danube)-276(was)-275(lined)-275(with)-275(flourishing)]TJ -108.665 -13.55 Td [(communities)-362(of)-361(Roman)-362(origin.)-584(In)-361(the)-362(170)-361(years)-362(during)-361(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dacia)-356(was)-357(included)-356(in)-357(the)-356(Empire,)-383(more)-356(than)-357(120)-356(towns)-356(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(organised)-369(by)-370(the)-369(conquering)-369(race.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.739 3.959 Td [(1141)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.07 -3.959 Td [(Greek)-369(cities,)-399(like)-370(Tomi)]TJ -175.809 -13.549 Td [(on)-260(the)-261(Euxine,)-263(record)-260(their)-261(gratitude)-260(to)-261(their)-260(patrons)-261(in)-260(the)-260(same)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(formal)-442(terms)-442(as)-442(Pompeii)-442(or)-441(Venusia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.448 3.958 Td [(1142)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.445 -3.958 Td [(If)-442(we)-442(may)-442(believe)]TJ -195.893 -13.55 Td [(Philostratus,)-281(there)-274(were)-275(500)-275(flourishing)-274(cities)-275(in)-274(the)-275(province)-274(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Asia)-279(which)-278(more)-279(than)-278(rivalled)-279(the)-278(splendour)-279(of)-278(Ionia)-279(before)-278(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lydian)-210(and)-210(Persian)-210(conquests.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.404 3.959 Td [(1143)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.02 -3.959 Td [(Many)-210(of)-210(these)-210(were)-210(of)-211(ancient)]TJ -150.424 -13.549 Td [(origin,)-290(but)-282(many)-282(had)-282(been)-282(founded)-282(by)-282(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 200.393 3.959 Td [(1144)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.215 -3.959 Td [(Laodicea)-282(was)]TJ -220.608 -13.549 Td [(regarded)-227(as)-228(an)-227(unimportant)-227(place)-227(in)-228(the)-227(reign)-227(of)-227(Tiberius;)-235(yet)-227(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wealth)-366(of)-366(its)-367(private)-366(citizens)-366(was)-366(celebrated.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 200.59 3.959 Td [(1145)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.97 -3.959 Td [(One)-366(of)-366(them)]TJ -223.56 -13.549 Td [(had)-232(attained)-232(a)-232(fortune)-232(which)-232(enabled)-232(him)-232(to)-232(bequeath)-232(it)-232(a)-232(sum)-232(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nearly)-310(half)-311(a)-310(million.)-431(The)-310(elder)-310(Pliny)-310(could)-311(reckon)-310(40)-310(cities)-310(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(importance)-260(in)-261(Egypt,)-262(which)-261(had)-260(in)-260(his)-260(time)-261(a)-260(population)-260(of)-260(over)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 196.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F23 8.9664 Tf 93.543 188.059 Td [(Emp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(p.)-250(83.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(1138)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.)-250(Theod.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.362 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(3,)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.057 -7.311 Td [(1139)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.378 0 Td [(i.)-250(125.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.977 -7.311 Td [(1140)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.754 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.373 0 Td [(i.)-566(67;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.922 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.407 0 Td [(the)-355(dedication)-355(of)-356(a)-355(temple)-355(to)-355(Isis)-356(by)-355(a)-355(magistrate)-355(of)]TJ -87.412 -10.958 Td [(Baden)-250(and)-250(his)-250(wife)-250(and)-250(daughter;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 122.517 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(457.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -139.701 -7.311 Td [(1141)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)-637(i.)-638(155,)-411(in)-379(keiner)-379(andern)-379(Provinz)-379(l\344sst)-379(sich)-379(die)-380(Entwickelung)-379(der)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(r\366mischen)-316(St\344dteanlagen)-315(so)-316(genau)-316(verfolgen)-315(als)-316(in)-315(Dacien.)-447(Arnold,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 250.408 0 Td [(R.)-316(Prov.)]TJ -250.408 -10.959 Td [(Admin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.895 0 Td [(p.)-250(205.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.634 -7.31 Td [(1142)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(5287.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1143)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(ii.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.058 -7.311 Td [(1144)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Arnold,)-250(p.)-250(205;)-250(Marq.)-250(i.)-250(199.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(1145)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(55;)-250(Strab.)-250(xii.)-250(578.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1179 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1180 0 R /Resources 1178 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1162 0 R >> endobj 1181 0 obj << /D [1179 0 R /XYZ 331.698 504.626 null] >> endobj 1178 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1184 0 obj << /Length 6346 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(247)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(seven)-219(millions;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.037 3.959 Td [(1146)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.943 -3.959 Td [(and)-219(Alexandria,)-226(next)-219(after)-220(Rome)-219(herself,)-226(was)]TJ -84.98 -13.549 Td [(regarded)-250(as)-250(the)-250(most)-250(dazzling)-250(ornament)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Empire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.04 3.959 Td [(1147)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -227.084 -17.508 Td [(Perhaps)-331(nowhere,)-352(however,)-351(had)-331(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 162.7 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Roman)-331(peace)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.958 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.456 0 Td [(worked)]TJ -247.914 -13.549 Td [(greater)-342(miracles)-341(of)-342(civic)-342(prosperity)-341(than)-342(in)-342(North)-341(Africa.)-525(That)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-258(population)-258(of)-258(Roman)-259(Africa)-258(was)-258(in)-258(the)-258(period)-258(of)-258(the)-258(Empire)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extraordinarily)-301(dense,)-315(appears)-301(from)-302(the)-301(number)-302(of)-301(its)-301(episcopal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sees,)-364(which)-342(in)-341(the)-342(fifth)-341(century)-341(had)-342(reached)-341(a)-342(total)-341(of)-342(297.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1148)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-326(remains)-326(of)-325(more)-326(than)-326(20)-325(amphitheatres)-326(can)-326(still)-326(be)-325(traced.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-304(is)-304(indeed)-303(no)-304(more)-304(startling)-304(proof)-303(of)-304(the)-304(range)-304(and)-303(sweep)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-308(Roman)-307(civilisation)-308(than)-307(the)-308(wreck)-307(of)-308(those)-308(capitols,)-321(forums,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([202])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(aqueducts,)-204(and)-193(temples)-193(in)-192(what)-193(are)-193(now)-193(sandy)-193(solitudes,)-204(not)-192(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occupied)-255(by)-255(a)-255(native)-255(village.)-265(In)-255(the)-255(province)-255(of)-255(Numidia,)-256(within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-351(few)-351(leagues)-351(of)-351(the)-351(Sahara,)-376(the)-351(Roman)-351(colony)-351(of)-351(Thamugadi)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(\050Timgad\051)-325(was)-324(founded,)-344(as)-324(an)-325(inscription)-324(tells,)-344(by)-324(Trajan)-325(in)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(year)-185(100.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.886 3.959 Td [(1149)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.93 -3.959 Td [(There,)-198(in)-185(what)-186(is)-185(now)-185(a)-185(scene)-185(of)-186(utter)-185(loneliness)-185(and)]TJ -58.816 -13.549 Td [(desolation,)-236(the)-233(remains)-233(of)-233(a)-233(busy)-233(and)-233(well-organised)-232(community)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-493(been)-493(brought)-493(to)-493(light)-493(by)-493(French)-493(explorers.)-979(The)-492(town)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-470(built)-469(by)-470(the)-470(third)-470(legion,)-524(which)-470(for)-470(generations,)-524(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-375(a)-376(hereditary)-375(caste,)-407(protected)-375(Roman)-376(civilisation)-375(against)-375(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(restless)-326(tribes)-327(of)-326(the)-327(desert.)-479(The)-326(chief)-327(buildings)-326(were)-326(probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(completed)-327(in)-327(117.)-482(The)-327(preservation)-327(of)-328(so)-327(much,)-346(after)-327(eighteen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(centuries,)-232(is)-227(a)-228(proof)-227(that)-228(the)-227(work)-228(was)-227(well)-228(and)-227(thoroughly)-227(done.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-318(ruts)-318(of)-317(carriage)-318(wheels)-318(can)-318(still)-318(be)-317(seen)-318(in)-318(the)-318(main)-317(street,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-467(is)-467(spanned)-467(by)-467(a)-467(triumphal)-466(arch,)-522(adorned)-467(with)-466(marble)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(columns.)-560(Porticoes)-354(and)-353(colonnades)-354(gave)-353(shelter)-354(from)-353(the)-353(heat)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-354(the)-353(passers-by,)-380(and)-354(two)-353(fountains)-354(played)-354(at)-353(the)-354(further)-353(end.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Water,)-326(which)-311(is)-310(now)-311(invisible)-311(on)-311(the)-310(spot,)-326(was)-311(then)-311(brought)-310(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(channels)-389(from)-389(the)-388(hills,)-424(and)-389(distributed)-388(at)-389(a)-389(fixed)-389(rate)-388(among)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 142.999 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.187 Td [(1146)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(v.)-250(60;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.571 0 Td [(SG.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(iii.)-250(110.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.126 -7.311 Td [(1147)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.785 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.243 0 Td [(xiv.)-517(223)-339(\050392\051,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 59.726 0 Td [(\300\314\273\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.249 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\272\261\273\273\316\300\271\303\274\261)-339(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 57.357 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.697 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\274\265\304\255\301\261\302)-339(\263\255\263\277\275\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -219.113 -10.959 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.789 0 Td [(\263\265\274\277\275\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.87 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -40.398 -7.311 Td [(1148)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-283(Victor,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.259 0 Td [(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.045 0 Td [(i.)-283(7;)-266(v.)-283(9;)-267(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.46 0 Td [(SG.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.539 0 Td [(iii.)-283(110;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.587 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.562 0 Td [(Migne,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.018 0 Td [(Patrol.)-283(Lat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.238 0 Td [(t.)-283(lviii.)]TJ -256.663 -10.958 Td [(270,)-250(notitia)-250(Africae.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1149)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.956 0 Td [(viii.)-263(2355;)-256(Cagnat,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.216 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Arm\351e)-254(Rom.)-263(d)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 51.199 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Afrique)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.9 0 Td [(,)-255(p.)-263(582;)-256(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.776 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Afr.)]TJ -266.929 -10.959 Td [(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(p.)-250(180.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1183 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1184 0 R /Resources 1182 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1186 0 R >> endobj 1185 0 obj << /D [1183 0 R /XYZ 227.207 396.232 null] >> endobj 1182 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1189 0 obj << /Length 5993 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(248)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(private)-250(houses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.442 3.959 Td [(1150)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.165 -3.959 Td [(The)-250(forum)-250(was)-250(in)-249(the)-250(usual)-250(style,)-250(with)-250(raised)]TJ -84.607 -13.549 Td [(side)-177(walks)-177(and)-177(porticoes,)-191(a)-177(basilica,)-192(a)-177(senate-house)-177(and)-177(rostrum,)-191(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shrine)-189(of)-189(Fortuna)-189(Augusta,)-201(and)-189(a)-189(crowd)-189(of)-189(statues)-189(to)-189(the)-188(emperors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-294(M.)-294(Aurelius)-293(to)-294(Julian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 121.3 3.958 Td [(1151)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.6 -3.958 Td [(This)-294(petty)-294(place)-293(had)-294(its)-294(theatre,)]TJ -141.9 -13.55 Td [(where)-297(the)-297(seats)-297(can)-297(still)-296(be)-297(seen)-297(rising)-297(in)-297(their)-297(due)-297(gradation)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rank.)-643(An)-381(imposing)-381(capitol,)-414(in)-381(which,)-414(as)-381(at)-381(home,)-413(the)-381(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Trinity,)-292(Jupiter,)-292(Juno,)-292(and)-284(Minerva,)-292(were)-284(duly)-283(worshipped,)-292(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(restored)-430(in)-429(the)-430(reign)-429(of)-430(Valentinian)-429(I.,)-475(and)-429(dedicated)-430(by)-429(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Publius)-268(Caeionius)-268(Albinus)-268(who)-268(was)-268(one)-268(of)-268(the)-268(last)-268(of)-268(the)-268(pagan)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(aristocracy,)-208(and)-196(who)-197(figures)-197(in)-197(the)-197(Letters)-197(of)-197(Symmachus)-197(and)-196(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(Saturnalia)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 49.188 0 Td [(of)-286(Macrobius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.591 3.959 Td [(1152)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.339 -3.959 Td [(The)-286(inscriptions)-286(on)-286(the)-285(site)-286(reveal)]TJ -131.118 -13.549 Td [(the)-402(regular)-402(municipal)-402(constitution,)-440(with)-402(the)-402(names)-402(of)-402(seventy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decurions,)-348(each)-329(of)-329(whom)-329(probably)-328(paid)-329(his)-329(honorarium)-329(of)-328(\24313)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-323(more)-323(when)-322(he)-323(entered)-323(on)-322(his)-323(office.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 173.991 3.958 Td [(1153)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.546 -3.958 Td [(The)-323(honours)-322(of)-323(the)]TJ -195.537 -13.55 Td [(duumvirate)-226(and)-225(the)-226(aedileship)-225(cost)-226(respectively)-225(\24332)-226(and)-226(\24324.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1154)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-414(here,)-455(as)-414(elsewhere,)-455(the)-414(public)-414(monuments)-414(and)-414(buildings)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([203])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(were)-359(generally)-360(erected)-359(by)-359(private)-359(ambition)-359(or)-360(munificence.)-577(A)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(statue)-373(and)-373(little)-372(shrine)-373(of)-373(Fortuna)-372(Augusta)-373(were)-373(given)-373(by)-372(two)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ladies,)-250(at)-250(a)-250(cost)-250(of)-250(over)-250(\243200,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(days)-250(of)-250(Hadrian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.258 3.958 Td [(1155)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -218.303 -18.177 Td [(The)-378(greatest)-377(glory)-378(of)-378(the)-378(imperial)-377(administration)-378(for)-378(nearly)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(two)-284(centuries)-284(was)-284(the)-283(skilful)-284(and)-284(politic)-284(tolerance)-284(with)-284(which)-283(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reconciled)-291(a)-291(central)-291(despotism)-292(with)-291(a)-291(remarkable)-291(range)-291(of)-291(local)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(liberty.)-522(It)-340(did)-341(not)-340(attempt)-341(to)-340(impose)-341(a)-340(uniform)-341(organisation)-340(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-429(bureaucratic)-428(control)-429(on)-429(the)-428(vast)-429(mass)-429(of)-428(races)-429(and)-428(peoples)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whom)-255(the)-255(fortune)-256(of)-255(Rome)-255(had)-255(brought)-255(under)-256(her)-255(sway.)-265(Rather,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-379(ages)-378(its)-379(guiding)-378(principle)-379(was,)-411(as)-378(far)-379(as)-378(possible,)-411(to)-378(leave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-264(landmarks)-264(undisturbed,)-268(and)-264(to)-265(give)-264(as)-264(much)-264(free)-264(play)-264(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.782 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.885 Td [(1150)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(5326.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1151)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Afr.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(p.)-250(187.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.401 -7.394 Td [(1152)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(2388;)-250(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.494 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(107,)-250(\247)-250(1;)-250(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.243 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(i,)-250(2,)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -202.737 -7.395 Td [(1153)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.307 0 Td [(viii.)-380(2403;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.862 0 Td [(Suppl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.298 0 Td [(ii.)-380(17903;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.369 0 Td [(Suppl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.298 0 Td [(i.)-380(12058.)-380(This)-294(inscription,)-304(from)]TJ -165.089 -10.958 Td [(an)-284(obscure)-284(place,)-292(shows)-284(how)-283(an)-284(original)-284(honorarium)-284(of)-284(HS.)-283(1600)-284(was)-284(finally)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(increased)-250(by)-250(voluntary)-250(generosity)-250(to)-250(HS.)-250(12,000.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.395 Td [(1154)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2341,)-250(17838.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1155)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Suppl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.908 0 Td [(ii.)-250(17831.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1188 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1189 0 R /Resources 1187 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1186 0 R >> endobj 1190 0 obj << /D [1188 0 R /XYZ 226.07 314.937 null] >> endobj 1187 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1193 0 obj << /Length 5277 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(249)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(local)-322(liberties)-322(as)-322(was)-321(compatible)-322(with)-322(the)-322(safety)-322(and)-321(efficiency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-524(the)-523(imperial)-524(guardian)-523(of)-524(order)-524(and)-523(peace.)-1071(Hence)-523(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-390(diversities)-389(in)-390(the)-389(relation)-390(between)-389(provincial)-390(towns)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rome,)-258(represented)-257(by)-257(the)-257(names)-256(of)-257(free,)-258(federate,)-259(or)-256(stipendiary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cities,)-389(municipium)-362(and)-362(colonia.)-584(Many)-362(retained)-361(their)-362(old)-361(laws,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(constitution,)-501(and)-451(judicial)-451(system.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.066 3.959 Td [(1156)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.738 -3.959 Td [(They)-451(retained)-451(in)-450(some)]TJ -176.804 -13.549 Td [(cases)-467(the)-467(names)-467(of)-468(magistracies,)-521(which)-467(recalled)-467(the)-467(days)-467(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(independence:)-618(there)-434(were)-434(still)-434(archons)-434(at)-434(Athens,)-480(suffetes)-434(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(African)-381(towns,)-413(demarchs)-381(at)-380(Naples.)-642(The)-381(title)-381(of)-380(medixtuticus)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(still)-210(lingered)-210(here)-210(and)-210(there)-209(in)-210(old)-210(Oscan)-210(communities.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.56 3.959 Td [(1157)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.019 -3.959 Td [(When)]TJ -254.579 -13.549 Td [(she)-389(had)-389(crushed)-389(the)-389(national)-389(spirit,)-424(and)-389(averted)-389(the)-388(danger)-389(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(armed)-502(revolt,)-565(Rome)-501(tolerated,)-565(and)-502(even)-502(fostered,)-564(municipal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedom,)-356(for)-335(more)-335(than)-335(a)-335(hundred)-335(years)-335(after)-335(the)-335(last)-334(shadowy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pretence)-314(of)-313(popular)-314(government)-314(had)-313(disappeared)-314(from)-314(her)-313(own)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forum.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.39 3.959 Td [(1158)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.2 -3.959 Td [(Central)-373(control)-374(and)-373(uniformity)-373(were)-373(established)-374(in)]TJ -52.59 -13.549 Td [(those)-341(departments)-340(which)-341(affected)-341(the)-341(peace)-340(and)-341(welfare)-341(of)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whole)-436(vast)-436(commonwealth.)-808(Although)-436(the)-436(interference)-436(of)-435(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provincial)-501(governor)-501(in)-501(local)-501(administration)-501(was)-500(theoretically)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possible)-270(in)-269(varying)-270(degrees,)-274(yet)-270(it)-269(may)-270(well)-269(be)-270(doubted)-269(whether)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-488(citizen)-488(of)-488(Lyons)-488(or)-488(Marseilles,)-547(of)-488(Antioch)-488(or)-488(Alexandria,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-351(often)-350(made)-351(conscious)-350(of)-351(any)-350(limitation)-351(of)-350(his)-351(freedom)-350(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-337(power.)-512(While)-337(delation)-338(and)-337(confiscation)-337(and)-337(massacre)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([204])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(were)-389(working)-389(havoc)-389(on)-389(the)-389(banks)-389(of)-389(the)-389(Tiber,)-424(the)-388(provinces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-479(generally)-480(tranquil)-479(and)-480(prosperous.)-938(The)-479(people)-479(elected)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-289(magistrates,)-299(who)-289(administered)-289(municipal)-289(affairs)-289(with)-288(little)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interference)-442(from)-441(government.)-824(The)-442(provincial)-441(administration)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-423(a)-422(Nero,)-466(an)-423(Otho,)-465(a)-423(Vitellius,)-466(or)-422(a)-423(Domitian)-422(was)-423(often)-422(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(less)-529(prudent)-528(and)-529(considerate)-528(than)-529(that)-528(of)-529(a)-528(Vespasian)-529(or)-528(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.131 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.234 Td [(1156)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.58 0 Td [(R\366m.)-325(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.28 0 Td [(i.)-325(45;)-288(Bury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.389 0 Td [(Rom.)-325(Emp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.739 0 Td [(p.)-325(77;)-288(Arnold,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.848 0 Td [(Rom.)-325(Prov.)-326(Admin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -210.791 -10.959 Td [(p.)-250(210.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(1157)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3720,)-250(3800,)-250(3801,)-250(3056,)-250(3057,)-250(3804.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1158)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.996 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.952 0 Td [(i.)-258(15;)-254(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.236 0 Td [(R\366m.)-258(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.474 0 Td [(ii.)-258(1002;)-254(Duruy,)-254(v.)-258(pp.)-258(336-346;)-254(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -136.613 -10.959 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.548 0 Td [(221,)-266(237;)-270(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.732 0 Td [(Reip.)-289(Ger.)-290(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.62 0 Td [(c.)-289(17,)-267(19.)-289(The)-264(first)-263(curatores)-263(civitatum)-263(are)]TJ -128.9 -10.959 Td [(heard)-250(of)-250(in)-250(the)-250(reigns)-250(of)-250(Nerva)-250(and)-250(Trajan;)-250(cf.)-250(Marq.)-250(i.)-250(510,)-250(n.)-250(10.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1192 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1193 0 R /Resources 1191 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1186 0 R >> endobj 1194 0 obj << /D [1192 0 R /XYZ 86.811 233.642 null] >> endobj 1191 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1197 0 obj << /Length 6793 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(250)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.2 3.959 Td [(1159)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.585 -3.959 Td [(And)-263(the)-263(worst)-262(of)-263(the)-263(emperors)-263(share)-263(with)-263(the)-262(best)-263(in)]TJ -50.785 -13.549 Td [(the)-323(universal)-323(gratitude)-323(of)-322(the)-323(provinces)-323(for)-323(the)-323(blessings)-323(of)-322(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Roman)-250(peace.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.8 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1160)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -59.532 -18.244 Td [(But)-385(although)-384(for)-385(generations)-385(there)-384(was)-385(a)-385(settled)-384(abstinence)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(from)-329(centralisation)-329(on)-328(the)-329(part)-329(of)-329(the)-328(imperial)-329(government,)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-340(varieties)-340(of)-340(civic)-340(constitution)-340(in)-340(the)-340(provinces)-340(tended)-340(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(an)-488(irresistible)-488(drift)-488(to)-487(a)-488(uniform)-488(type)-488(of)-488(organisation.)-963(Free)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-389(federate)-390(communities)-389(voluntarily)-390(sought)-389(the)-390(position)-389(of)-389(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colony)-366(or)-366(a)-365(municipium.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 111.058 3.959 Td [(1161)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.955 -3.959 Td [(Just)-366(as)-366(the)-365(provincial)-366(town)-366(must)]TJ -134.013 -13.549 Td [(have)-318(its)-317(capitol,)-335(with)-317(the)-318(cult)-317(of)-318(Jupiter,)-334(Juno,)-334(and)-318(Minerva,)-334(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imported)-197(the)-196(street)-197(names)-197(Velabrum)-196(or)-197(Vicus)-197(Tuscus,)-207(so)-197(the)-196(little)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(community)-400(called)-399(itself)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 110.653 0 Td [(respublica)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.058 0 Td [(,)-437(its)-400(commons)-400(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 86.643 0 Td [(populus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 34.549 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(its)-315(curia)-315(the)-316(senate)-315(or)-315(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 115.756 0 Td [(amplissimus)-315(et)-315(splendidissimus)-315(ordo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 161.841 0 Td [(;)]TJ -277.597 -13.549 Td [(its)-393(magistrates)-393(sometimes)-393(bore)-393(the)-393(majestic)-393(names)-393(of)-393(praetor,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dictator,)-503(or)-452(censor,)-503(in)-452(a)-453(few)-452(cases)-452(even)-452(of)-453(consul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.448 3.959 Td [(1162)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.786 -3.959 Td [(This)]TJ -261.234 -13.549 Td [(almost)-434(ludicrous)-434(imitation)-433(of)-434(the)-434(great)-433(city)-434(is)-434(an)-434(example)-433(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-359(magical)-359(power)-359(which)-358(Rome)-359(always)-359(exercised)-359(on)-359(her)-358(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(distant)-500(subjects,)-562(and)-500(even)-500(on)-500(the)-500(outer)-500(world)-500(of)-499(barbarism,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-332(to)-332(the)-332(last)-332(days)-331(when)-332(her)-332(forces)-332(were)-332(ebbing)-332(away.)-495(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ease)-335(and)-335(rapidity)-334(of)-335(communication)-335(along)-335(the)-335(great)-334(routes,)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(frequent)-288(visits)-288(of)-288(proconsuls)-288(and)-287(procurators)-288(and)-288(generals,)-297(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-425(numerous)-425(train)-425(which)-425(attended)-425(them,)-469(the)-425(presence)-424(of)-425(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ubiquitous)-488(Roman)-489(merchant)-488(and)-489(traveller,)-548(kept)-488(even)-488(remote)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 208.836 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 201.94 Td [(1159)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.307 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.738 0 Td [(32;)-467(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.448 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.222 0 Td [(iv.)-683(6;)-466(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.807 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-430(x.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.501 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-430(iii.)-683(provinciam)]TJ -217.844 -10.959 Td [(administravit)-485(moderatione)-485(singulari;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 140.124 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.021 0 Td [(v.)-955(Vespasian)-485(had)-485(to)-485(increase)]TJ -166.145 -10.959 Td [(burdens,)-314(Suet.)-403(xvi.;)-327(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 93.659 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.888 0 Td [(ii.)-403(84;)-327(as)-301(to)-301(Trajan,)-314(cf.)-403(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 106.662 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.85 0 Td [(20;)-327(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -248.059 -10.959 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.431 0 Td [(8.)-423(Nero,)-322(it)-307(is)-308(true,)-322(is)-308(said)-307(to)-308(have)-307(encouraged)-308(plunder)-308(\050Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 223.679 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-322(32;)]TJ -264.042 -10.959 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.829 0 Td [(H.)-214(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.768 0 Td [(18,)-221(6\051.)-238(Yet)-213(the)-214(general)-214(prosperity)-213(was)-214(undisturbed,)-221(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 215.38 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -262.948 -10.959 Td [(170;)-250(Arnold,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.069 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Prov.)-250(Admin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 70.727 0 Td [(135;)-250(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.557 0 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(199.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -188.523 -7.31 Td [(1160)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-310(a)-310(crowd)-310(of)-311(inscriptions)-310(to)-310(Domitian)-310(and)-310(Commodus)-310(in)-310(remote)-311(places)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(in)-348(Africa;)-397(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.142 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.798 0 Td [(viii.)-544(1016,)-373(1019;)-397(10570,)-373(8702,)-373(in)-348(which)-348(Commodus)-348(is)]TJ -76.94 -10.959 Td [(described)-250(as)-250(indulgentissimus)-250(princeps,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1161)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.694 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.905 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.377 0 Td [(i.)-250(517)-250(sq.;)-250(Arnold,)-250(p.)-250(212.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.976 -7.31 Td [(1162)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.694 -3.809 Td [(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.693 0 Td [(iii.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.889 0 Td [(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.22 0 Td [(p.)-242(156;)-234(Inscr.)-242(2322,)-231(6980,)-230(4983;)-234(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 140.11 0 Td [(R\366m.)-242(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.089 0 Td [(i.)-242(477.)-242(There)]TJ -234.956 -10.959 Td [(were)-265(consuls)-264(at)-265(Tusculum)-265(and)-264(Beneventum.)-295(But)-264(the)-265(grand)-265(style)-264(was)-265(ridiculed)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(by)-250(Cicero,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.596 0 Td [(In)-250(Pis.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.653 0 Td [(xi.)-250(24.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1196 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1197 0 R /Resources 1195 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1186 0 R >> endobj 1195 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1200 0 obj << /Length 6120 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(251)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(places)-328(in)-327(touch)-328(with)-327(the)-328(capital.)-482(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 168.192 0 Td [(acta)-327(diurna)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.452 0 Td [(,)-347(with)-327(official)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.38 0 Td [([205])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(news)-280(and)-281(bits)-280(of)-281(scandal)-280(and)-280(gossip,)-288(regularly)-281(arrived)-280(in)-280(distant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provincial)-453(towns)-453(and)-452(frontier)-453(camps.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.124 3.959 Td [(1163)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.801 -3.959 Td [(The)-453(last)-453(speech)-452(of)]TJ -194.925 -13.549 Td [(Pliny,)-376(or)-351(the)-352(freshest)-351(epigrams)-351(of)-351(Martial,)-376(were)-351(within)-351(a)-351(short)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(time)-421(selling)-422(on)-421(the)-421(bookstalls)-422(of)-421(Lyons)-421(or)-422(Vienne.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 233.428 3.959 Td [(1164)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.773 -3.959 Td [(Until)]TJ -258.201 -13.549 Td [(the)-353(appearance)-353(of)-353(railways)-353(and)-353(steamboats,)-379(it)-353(may)-352(be)-353(doubted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-395(there)-395(was)-395(any)-396(age)-395(in)-395(history)-395(in)-395(which)-395(travelling)-395(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(easier)-250(or)-250(more)-250(general.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(Apart)-354(from)-354(the)-354(immense)-354(stimulus)-354(which)-354(was)-354(given)-354(to)-354(trade)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(and)-248(commerce)-247(by)-248(the)-248(pacification)-247(of)-248(the)-248(world,)-248(liberal)-247(curiosity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-327(restless)-326(ennui,)-346(or)-327(the)-326(passion)-327(to)-327(preach)-326(and)-327(propagate)-326(ideas,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carried)-436(immense)-436(numbers)-436(to)-435(the)-436(most)-436(distant)-436(lands.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.418 3.959 Td [(1165)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.249 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(travelling)-415(sophist)-414(found)-415(his)-414(way)-414(to)-415(towns)-414(on)-415(the)-414(edge)-415(of)-414(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Scythian)-272(steppes,)-278(to)-272(the)-272(home)-272(of)-272(the)-272(Brahmans,)-278(or)-272(to)-272(the)-272(depths)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-383(the)-383(Soudan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.227 3.959 Td [(1166)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.515 -3.959 Td [(The)-383(tour)-383(up)-383(the)-383(Nile)-383(was)-382(part)-383(of)-383(a)-383(liberal)]TJ -89.742 -13.549 Td [(culture)-268(in)-267(the)-268(days)-267(of)-268(Lucian)-267(as)-268(it)-268(was)-267(in)-268(the)-267(days)-268(of)-267(Herodotus.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-211(romantic)-211(charm)-211(of)-211(travel)-211(in)-211(Greece)-211(was)-211(probably)-210(heightened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-421(many)-420(by)-421(the)-420(tales)-421(of)-421(Thessalian)-420(brigands)-421(and)-420(sorceresses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-292(meet)-292(us)-293(in)-292(the)-292(novel)-292(of)-292(Apuleius.)-377(The)-292(Emperor)-292(Hadrian,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(who)-448(visited)-449(almost)-448(every)-448(interesting)-449(scene)-448(in)-448(his)-448(dominions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-410(the)-411(Solway)-410(to)-411(the)-410(Euphrates,)-451(often)-410(trudging)-411(for)-410(days)-410(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-270(head)-271(of)-270(his)-271(soldiers,)-275(is)-270(a)-271(true)-270(representative)-271(of)-270(the)-270(migratory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tastes)-223(of)-222(his)-223(time.)-241(Seneca,)-228(indeed,)-228(finds)-223(in)-223(this)-222(rage)-223(for)-223(change)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scene)-287(only)-286(a)-287(symptom)-287(of)-286(the)-287(universal)-287(unrest.)-360(Epictetus,)-296(on)-286(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(other)-257(hand,)-258(and)-257(Aristides)-257(expatiate)-256(with)-257(rapture)-257(on)-257(the)-256(universal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(security)-285(and)-284(wellbeing,)-294(due)-285(to)-284(the)-285(disappearance)-285(of)-284(brigandage,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(piracy,)-343(and)-324(war.)-472(The)-324(seas)-324(are)-324(alive)-324(with)-324(merchantmen;)-361(deserts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-377(become)-376(populous)-377(scenes)-376(of)-377(industry;)-440(the)-376(great)-377(roads)-376(are)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.27 Td [(1163)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.41 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.756 0 Td [(xiii.)-527(31;)-389(xvi.)-527(22,)-366(diurna)-342(per)-343(provincias,)-365(per)-343(exercitus)-342(curatius)]TJ -52.121 -10.959 Td [(leguntur.)-346(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.496 0 Td [(Gesch.)-346(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.984 0 Td [(i.)-346(212;)-298(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.207 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(,)-290(p.)-346(191;)-298(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.048 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.211 0 Td [(i.)-346(88;)]TJ -261.335 -10.959 Td [(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.451 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(11813;)-250(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.957 0 Td [(Com.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -137.486 -7.31 Td [(1164)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(ix.)-250(11,)-250(2;)-250(Mart.)-250(vii.)-250(88.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.394 Td [(1165)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.436 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.946 0 Td [(28,)-320(104;)-334(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.94 0 Td [(Tox.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.434 0 Td [(27;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.453 0 Td [(De)-306(Dips.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.119 0 Td [(6;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 9.969 0 Td [(Philops.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(33;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.452 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.917 0 Td [(44;)-334(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -245.007 -10.959 Td [(Dis.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(iii.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -19.677 -7.311 Td [(1166)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iii.)-250(50,)-250(vi.;)-250(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 76.224 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(36.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1199 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1200 0 R /Resources 1198 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1186 0 R >> endobj 1201 0 obj << /D [1199 0 R /XYZ 157.352 518.175 null] >> endobj 1198 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1204 0 obj << /Length 5988 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(252)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(carried)-347(over)-346(the)-347(broadest)-346(rivers)-346(and)-347(the)-346(most)-347(defiant)-346(mountain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(barriers.)-547(The)-350(earth)-349(has)-349(become)-349(the)-349(common)-349(possession)-349(of)-349(all.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nor)-349(is)-348(this)-349(mere)-349(rhetoric.)-546(Travelling)-349(to)-349(all)-348(parts)-349(of)-349(the)-348(known)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world)-370(had)-370(become)-369(expeditious,)-400(and)-370(even)-369(luxurious.)-610(From)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Second)-337(Punic)-336(War,)-359(traders,)-358(couriers,)-358(and)-337(travellers)-337(had)-336(moved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freely)-192(along)-192(the)-192(great)-192(roads.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 119.555 3.959 Td [(1167)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.954 -3.959 Td [(The)-192(government)-192(post,)-204(which)-192(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -211.264 0 Td [([206])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(first)-191(organised)-191(by)-191(Augustus)-191(on)-191(the)-191(model)-191(of)-191(the)-191(Persian,)-202(provided)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-270(regular)-270(intervals)-270(the)-270(means)-270(of)-270(conveyance)-270(for)-270(officials,)-275(or)-269(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-399(furnished)-398(with)-399(the)-399(requisite)-399(diploma.)-696(Private)-398(enterprise)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-240(also)-241(organised)-240(facilities)-241(of)-240(travel,)-242(and)-241(at)-240(the)-241(gates)-240(of)-240(country)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(towns)-296(such)-296(as)-297(Pompeii,)-307(Praeneste,)-308(or)-296(Tibur,)-308(there)-296(were)-296(stations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-445(the)-445(posting)-445(corporations)-445(\050the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 150.319 0 Td [(cisiarii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.772 0 Td [(or)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 13.942 0 Td [(jumentarii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 45.458 0 Td [(\051)-445(where)]TJ -245.491 -13.549 Td [(carriages)-228(could)-227(be)-228(hired,)-232(with)-228(change)-227(of)-228(horses)-227(at)-228(each)-228(stage.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1168)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-390(speed)-390(with)-390(which)-389(great)-390(distances)-390(were)-390(traversed)-390(in)-389(those)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(days)-332(is)-331(at)-332(first)-331(sight)-332(rather)-331(startling.)-495(Caesar)-331(once)-332(travelled)-331(100)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miles)-434(a)-433(day)-434(in)-433(a)-434(journey)-434(from)-433(Rome)-434(to)-433(the)-434(Rhone.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.493 3.959 Td [(1169)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.173 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(freedman)-290(Icelus)-290(in)-290(seven)-290(days)-290(carried)-290(the)-290(news)-290(of)-290(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 245.962 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-290(death)]TJ -249.594 -13.549 Td [(to)-284(Galba)-285(in)-284(Spain,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.913 3.959 Td [(1170)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.636 -3.959 Td [(the)-284(journey)-285(of)-284(332)-285(miles)-284(from)-285(Tarraco)-284(to)]TJ -99.549 -13.549 Td [(Clunia)-258(having)-257(been)-258(made)-257(at)-258(the)-257(rate)-258(of)-257(nearly)-258(ten)-257(miles)-258(an)-257(hour.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(This)-230(of)-230(course)-230(was)-230(express)-231(speed.)-243(The)-230(ordinary)-230(rate)-230(of)-230(travelling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-242(probably)-241(better)-242(represented)-242(by)-242(the)-241(leisurely)-242(journey)-242(of)-241(Horace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-413(Maecenas)-413(to)-412(Brundisium,)-454(or)-412(that)-413(of)-413(Martial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 220.723 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-413(book)-412(from)]TJ -224.356 -13.549 Td [(Tarraco)-308(to)-308(Bilbilis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.985 3.959 Td [(1171)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.057 -3.959 Td [(About)-308(130)-308(miles)-307(a)-308(day)-308(was)-308(the)-308(average)]TJ -105.042 -13.549 Td [(distance)-402(accomplished)-402(by)-402(sea.)-706(Vessels)-402(put)-402(out)-402(from)-402(Ostia)-402(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Puteoli)-412(for)-412(every)-412(port)-412(in)-412(the)-412(Mediterranean.)-736(From)-412(Puteoli)-412(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Corinth)-362(was)-361(a)-362(voyage)-361(of)-362(five)-361(days.)-585(About)-362(the)-361(same)-362(time)-361(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(needed)-438(to)-438(reach)-439(Tarraco)-438(from)-438(Ostia.)-815(A)-438(ship)-438(might)-438(arrive)-438(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Alexandria)-441(from)-442(the)-441(Palus)-442(Maeotis)-441(in)-442(a)-441(fortnight.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.748 3.959 Td [(1172)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.431 -3.959 Td [(Many)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.32 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.508 Td [(1167)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hudemann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.295 0 Td [(Gesch.)-375(des)-292(r\366m.)-375(Postwesens)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 103.976 0 Td [(,)-302(p.)-375(8)-292(sq.;)-292(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.488 0 Td [(R\366m.)-375(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.874 0 Td [(i.)-375(417;)]TJ -256.589 -10.959 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(SG.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(ii.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -44.083 -7.311 Td [(1168)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4093,)-250(2413,)-250(5163,)-250(6983.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(1169)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Jul.)-250(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(57.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -72.976 -7.311 Td [(1170)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Galba)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(,)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.048 -7.31 Td [(1171)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(x.)-250(104;)-250(cf.)-250(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.94 0 Td [(S.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(i.)-250(5,)-250(104.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -102.601 -7.311 Td [(1172)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(SG.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(ii.)-250(12)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1203 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1204 0 R /Resources 1202 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1186 0 R >> endobj 1205 0 obj << /D [1203 0 R /XYZ 251.111 450.429 null] >> endobj 1206 0 obj << /D [1203 0 R /XYZ 275.909 132.699 null] >> endobj 1202 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1209 0 obj << /Length 5935 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(253)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-436(wandering)-435(sophist,)-482(like)-435(Dion)-436(Chrysostom)-435(or)-436(Apollonius)-435(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tyana,)-241(traversed)-240(great)-239(distances)-239(on)-239(foot,)-242(or)-239(with)-239(a)-239(modest)-239(wallet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-300(a)-300(mule.)-401(The)-300(rhetor)-300(Aristides)-300(once)-300(spent)-300(a)-300(hundred)-300(days)-300(in)-300(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(journey)-331(at)-330(mid-winter)-331(from)-330(Mysia)-331(to)-331(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 197.079 3.958 Td [(1173)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.804 -3.958 Td [(But)-331(there)-330(was)]TJ -218.883 -13.55 Td [(hardly)-365(any)-364(limit)-365(to)-364(the)-364(luxury)-365(and)-364(ostentatious)-365(splendour)-364(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-323(the)-323(great)-323(and)-323(opulent)-323(made)-323(their)-322(progresses,)-342(attended)-322(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preceded)-353(by)-353(troops)-353(of)-353(footmen)-353(and)-353(runners,)-379(and)-353(carrying)-352(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-193(costly)-193(plate)-194(and)-193(myrrhine)-193(vases.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.728 3.959 Td [(1174)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.959 -3.959 Td [(The)-193(thousand)-193(carriages)]TJ -180.687 -13.549 Td [(which)-302(Nero)-302(took)-302(with)-302(him)-302(on)-302(a)-302(progress,)-315(the)-302(silver-shod)-301(mules)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-289(Poppaea,)-299(the)-289(paraphernalia)-289(of)-289(luxury)-289(described)-289(by)-289(Seneca,)-298(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-389(are)-389(not)-389(mythical,)-423(were)-389(probably)-389(the)-389(exceptional)-388(displays)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-314(a)-314(self-indulgence)-314(bordering)-314(on)-314(lunacy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 183.445 3.959 Td [(1175)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.259 -3.959 Td [(But)-314(practical)-314(and)]TJ -204.704 -13.549 Td [(sensible)-292(comfort)-293(in)-292(travelling)-293(was)-292(perhaps)-293(then)-292(commoner)-292(than)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([207])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(it)-347(was,)-372(until)-347(quite)-347(recently,)-371(among)-348(ourselves.)-541(The)-347(carriages)-347(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-341(the)-340(two)-341(indefatigable)-341(Plinies)-340(used)-341(to)-341(ride,)-363(enabled)-340(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-313(read)-313(at)-313(their)-313(ease,)-328(or)-313(dictate)-313(to)-313(an)-313(amanuensis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.116 3.959 Td [(1176)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.224 -3.959 Td [(The)-313(inns,)]TJ -239.34 -13.549 Td [(from)-301(the)-301(time)-301(of)-300(Horace)-301(to)-301(the)-301(time)-301(of)-300(Sidonius,)-314(were)-301(as)-301(a)-300(rule)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bad,)-295(and)-286(frequently)-286(disreputable,)-295(and)-286(even)-286(dangerous,)-295(places)-285(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resort.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 27.568 3.958 Td [(1177)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.148 -3.958 Td [(And)-341(vehicles)-341(were)-341(often)-342(arranged)-341(for)-341(sleeping)-341(on)-341(a)]TJ -49.716 -13.55 Td [(journey.)-303(We)-268(may)-268(be)-268(sure)-268(that)-267(many)-268(an)-268(imperial)-268(officer)-268(after)-267(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time)-185(of)-186(Julius)-185(Caesar)-185(passed)-186(nights)-185(in)-185(his)-186(carriage,)-198(while)-185(hurrying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-246(join)-246(the)-246(forces)-246(on)-246(the)-245(Rhine)-246(or)-246(the)-246(Danube.)-249(With)-246(all)-246(this)-245(rapid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(circulation)-274(of)-275(officials)-274(and)-275(travellers,)-280(the)-275(far-stretching)-274(limits)-274(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-295(Roman)-294(world)-295(must,)-306(to)-294(the)-295(general)-294(eye,)-306(have)-295(contracted,)-305(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(remotest)-301(places)-300(were)-301(drawn)-300(more)-300(and)-301(more)-300(towards)-301(the)-300(centre,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-303(the)-303(inexhaustible)-303(vitality)-303(of)-303(the)-303(imperial)-303(city)-303(diffused)-302(itself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(a)-250(magical)-250(power)-250(of)-250(silent)-250(transformation.)]TJ 11.956 -18.054 Td [(The)-440(modes)-440(in)-440(which)-440(the)-440(fully)-440(developed)-440(municipalities)-439(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.472 Td [(1173)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxiv.)-250(537;)-250(cf.)-250(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.485 0 Td [(S.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(i.)-250(6,)-250(105.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -135.983 -7.311 Td [(1174)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(123,)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.394 Td [(1175)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-250(xliv.)-250(xxx.;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.277 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(87,)-250(\247)-250(9;)-250(123.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -142.223 -7.31 Td [(1176)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iii.)-250(5,)-250(15;)-250(cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.503 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(xxxiii.;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.807 0 Td [(SG.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(ii.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -210.233 -7.311 Td [(1177)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.954 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.606 0 Td [(i.)-310(7;)-280(i.)-310(17;)-280(Sidon.)-310(Apoll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 89.881 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.624 0 Td [(viii.)-310(11.)-310(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.959 0 Td [(Rom.)-310(Soc.)-310(in)-270(the)-270(Last)]TJ -202.979 -10.959 Td [(Century)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Western)-250(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 111.568 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(172)-250(\0501st)-250(ed.\051;)-250(Friedl.)-250(ii.)-250(20.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1208 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1209 0 R /Resources 1207 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1211 0 R >> endobj 1210 0 obj << /D [1208 0 R /XYZ 179.521 355.585 null] >> endobj 1207 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1214 0 obj << /Length 5815 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(254)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-322(Antonine)-322(age)-322(had)-322(originated)-322(and)-322(were)-322(organised)-322(were)-322(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(various.)-327(Wherever,)-282(as)-275(in)-276(the)-275(Greek)-276(East)-275(or)-276(Carthaginian)-275(Africa,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(towns)-456(already)-455(existed,)-508(the)-455(Romans,)-507(of)-456(course,)-507(used)-456(them)-455(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-369(organisation)-368(of)-369(a)-368(province,)-399(although)-368(they)-369(added)-368(liberally)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-304(the)-305(number,)-317(as)-305(in)-304(Syria,)-318(Pontus,)-318(and)-304(Cappadocia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.616 3.959 Td [(1178)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.941 -3.959 Td [(Where)]TJ -251.557 -13.549 Td [(a)-305(country)-305(was)-304(still)-305(in)-305(the)-305(cantonal)-305(state,)-318(the)-305(villages)-305(or)-304(markets)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-267(grouped)-266(around)-267(a)-267(civic)-267(centre,)-270(and)-267(a)-267(municipal)-267(town,)-270(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-459(N\356mes)-459(or)-459(Lyons,)-512(would)-459(thus)-459(become)-459(the)-459(metropolis)-459(of)-459(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(considerable)-387(tract)-387(of)-387(territory.)-662(The)-387(colony)-387(of)-387(Vienne)-387(was)-387(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(civic)-289(centre)-290(of)-289(the)-289(Allobroges.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.108 3.959 Td [(1179)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.452 -3.959 Td [(In)-289(the)-290(settlement)-289(of)-289(the)-289(Alps)]TJ -154.56 -13.549 Td [(many)-377(of)-378(the)-377(remote)-377(mountain)-377(cantons)-378(were)-377(attached)-377(to)-377(towns)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-436(as)-436(Tridentum,)-482(Verona,)-482(or)-436(Brixia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.575 3.959 Td [(1180)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.247 -3.959 Td [(Sometimes,)-482(as)-436(in)]TJ -201.822 -13.549 Td [(Dacia,)-235(the)-230(civic)-231(organisation)-231(was)-231(created)-231(at)-231(a)-230(stroke.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.393 3.959 Td [(1181)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.096 -3.959 Td [(But)-231(it)-231(is)]TJ -246.489 -13.549 Td [(well)-278(known)-277(that,)-285(especially)-278(towards)-278(the)-277(frontiers)-278(of)-278(the)-277(Empire,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-331(Britain,)-351(on)-331(the)-331(Rhine,)-351(and)-331(in)-331(North)-331(Africa,)-352(the)-331(towns)-330(of)-331(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(second)-304(century)-303(had)-304(often)-303(grown)-304(out)-304(of)-303(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 191.909 0 Td [(castra)-304(stativa)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 62.991 0 Td [(of)-304(the)]TJ -254.9 -13.549 Td [(legions.)]TJ 11.956 -14.434 Td [(The)-350(great)-350(reorganisation)-350(of)-350(Augustus)-350(had)-350(made)-350(each)-350(legion)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(a)-366(permanent)-365(corps,)-395(with)-366(a)-365(history)-366(and)-366(identity)-365(of)-366(its)-365(own.)-597(To)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ensure)-235(the)-235(tranquillity)-236(of)-235(the)-235(Empire)-235(the)-235(legions)-235(were)-235(distributed)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([208])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(in)-425(permanent)-425(camps)-424(along)-425(the)-425(frontier,)-468(the)-425(only)-425(inland)-424(cities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-337(a)-336(regular)-337(military)-337(garrison)-337(being)-336(Lyons)-337(and)-337(Carthage.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1182)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Many)-281(legions)-282(never)-281(changed)-282(their)-281(quarters)-282(for)-281(generations.)-344(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tertia)-491(Augusta,)-551(which)-491(has)-490(left)-491(so)-491(many)-491(memorials)-491(of)-490(itself)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-365(the)-364(inscriptions)-364(of)-365(Lambaesis,)-393(remained,)-393(with)-365(only)-364(a)-364(single)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(break,)-454(in)-414(the)-413(same)-413(district)-413(from)-414(the)-413(time)-413(of)-414(Augustus)-413(to)-413(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-348(Diocletian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.057 3.959 Td [(1183)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.368 -3.959 Td [(There,)-372(for)-348(two)-348(generations,)-372(it)-348(kept)-348(sleepless)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.279 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.467 Td [(1178)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.378 0 Td [(i.)-250(17,)-250(199,)-250(214,)-250(317;)-250(Arnold,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 104.359 0 Td [(Prov.)-250(Adm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.833 0 Td [(203.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -218.169 -7.311 Td [(1179)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Arn.)-250(205,)-250(208;)-250(Marq.)-250(i.)-250(114,)-250(118.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1180)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)-250(i.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1181)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(i.)-250(155.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1182)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Afr.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(p.)-250(104.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.401 -7.31 Td [(1183)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-309(the)-308(history)-309(of)-308(this)-309(legion)-308(in)-309(Cagnat,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 148.54 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Arm\351e)-309(Rom.)-425(d)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 53.147 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Afrique)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.9 0 Td [(,)-323(p.)-426(148)]TJ -251.498 -10.959 Td [(sqq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.915 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.911 0 Td [(viii.,)-388(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.282 0 Td [(Praef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.399 0 Td [(xix.)-582(sq.)-582(The)-361(legion)-361(was)-360(first)-361(stationed)-361(at)]TJ -126.507 -10.959 Td [(Thevesta.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1213 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1214 0 R /Resources 1212 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1211 0 R >> endobj 1215 0 obj << /D [1213 0 R /XYZ 327.504 259.855 null] >> endobj 1212 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1218 0 obj << /Length 5864 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(255)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(watch)-359(against)-360(the)-359(robber)-360(tribes)-359(of)-360(the)-359(Sahara.)-579(The)-359(legion)-359(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(also)-342(peacefully)-342(employed)-343(in)-342(erecting)-342(fortifications)-342(and)-342(making)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(roads)-265(and)-266(bridges,)-269(when)-266(the)-265(camp)-265(was)-266(visited)-265(by)-266(Hadrian)-265(in)-265(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(year)-370(130.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.896 3.958 Td [(1184)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.075 -3.958 Td [(Gradually)-369(soldiers)-370(were)-369(allowed)-370(to)-369(form)-370(family)]TJ -64.971 -13.55 Td [(relations,)-362(more)-339(or)-340(less)-339(regular,)-362(until,)-362(under)-339(Septimius)-339(Severus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-406(legionary)-406(was)-406(permitted)-406(to)-406(live)-406(in)-406(his)-406(household)-406(like)-405(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-450(citizen.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.136 3.959 Td [(1185)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.704 -3.959 Td [(From)-450(the)-450(remains)-449(at)-450(Lambaesis,)-500(it)-450(is)-449(now)]TJ -84.84 -13.549 Td [(considered)-228(certain)-228(that,)-232(in)-227(the)-228(third)-228(century,)-232(the)-228(camp)-228(had)-227(ceased)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-342(be)-341(the)-342(soldier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.987 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-341(home.)-525(The)-341(suttlers)-342(and)-341(camp-followers)-342(had)]TJ -76.62 -13.55 Td [(long)-307(gathered)-308(in)-307(the)-308(neighbourhood)-307(of)-307(the)-308(camp,)-322(in)-307(huts)-307(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-502(called)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 58.195 0 Td [(Canabae)-502(legionis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 79.416 0 Td [(.)-1005(There,)-565(for)-502(a)-502(long)-501(time,)-565(the)]TJ -137.611 -13.549 Td [(soldier,)-426(when)-392(off)-391(duty,)-426(sought)-391(his)-391(pleasures)-391(and)-391(amusements,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-238(there,)-240(after)-237(the)-238(changes)-237(of)-237(Septimius)-238(Severus,)-240(he)-237(took)-238(up)-237(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abode.)-535(At)-346(first)-345(the)-345(Canabae)-345(of)-345(Lambaesis)-345(was)-345(only)-346(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 244.83 0 Td [(vicus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(;)-393(it)]TJ -267.248 -13.55 Td [(became,)-273(under)-268(Marcus)-268(Aurelius,)-273(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 153.472 0 Td [(municipium)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.512 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 16.257 0 Td [(Respublica)]TJ -232.15 -13.549 Td [(Lambaesitanorum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 79.397 0 Td [(,)-279(with)-274(the)-273(civic)-274(constitution)-273(which)-274(is)-273(rendered)]TJ -79.397 -13.549 Td [(familiar)-458(to)-458(us)-458(by)-458(so)-458(many)-458(inscriptions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.193 3.959 Td [(1186)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.975 -3.959 Td [(The)-458(Legionaries)]TJ -207.168 -13.549 Td [(seem)-245(to)-245(have)-245(been)-245(happy)-245(and)-245(contented)-245(at)-245(Lambaesis;)-246(their)-245(sons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-278(trained)-278(to)-278(arms)-277(and)-278(followed)-278(their)-278(fathers)-278(in)-278(the)-278(ranks;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1187)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(the)-534(legion)-533(became)-534(to)-533(some)-533(extent)-534(a)-533(hereditary)-534(caste.)-1100(Old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(veterans)-323(remained)-323(on)-324(the)-323(scene)-323(of)-323(their)-324(service,)-341(after)-323(receiving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-427(discharge)-426(with)-427(a)-427(pension)-426(from)-427(the)-427(chest.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.245 3.959 Td [(1188)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.948 -3.959 Td [(The)-427(town)]TJ -237.193 -13.549 Td [(developed)-211(in)-211(the)-211(regular)-211(fashion,)-219(and)-211(dignified)-211(itself)-211(by)-210(a)-211(capitol,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-376(amphitheatre,)-407(two)-375(forums,)-407(a)-376(triumphal)-376(arch;)-438(and)-376(the)-375(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monuments)-378(of)-379(public)-378(and)-378(private)-379(life)-378(found)-378(on)-379(the)-378(site)-378(reveal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-311(highly)-310(organised)-311(society,)-326(moulded)-311(out)-310(of)-311(barbarous)-311(and)-310(alien)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elements,)-248(and)-247(stamped)-247(with)-247(the)-247(inimitable)-246(and)-247(enduring)-247(impress)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([209])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-296(Rome.)-388(Out)-296(of)-296(such)-296(casual)-296(and)-296(unpromising)-296(materials)-295(sprang)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.472 Td [(1184)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-297(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.917 0 Td [(5319;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.879 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.059 0 Td [(viii.)-297(2532,)-270(10048;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.821 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.605 0 Td [(Mommsen,)-270(p.)-297(21.)-297(For)-266(the)-265(date)]TJ -171.236 -10.959 Td [(of)-250(this)-250(visit,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.84 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.465 0 Td [(Cagnat,)-250(p.)-250(154.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.784 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.358 0 Td [(12,)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -151.187 -7.394 Td [(1185)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodian,)-250(iii.)-250(8;)-250(cf.)-250(Cagnat,)-250(p.)-250(451.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1186)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(2611;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.111 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7408.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -114.078 -7.31 Td [(1187)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cagnat,)-250(365,)-250(453;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.451 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(3015.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -115.064 -7.311 Td [(1188)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cagnat,)-250(481-87;)-250(Marq.)-250(ii.)-250(544.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1217 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1218 0 R /Resources 1216 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1211 0 R >> endobj 1219 0 obj << /D [1217 0 R /XYZ 46.771 165.896 null] >> endobj 1216 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1222 0 obj << /Length 4639 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(256)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(numbers)-543(of)-544(urban)-543(communities,)-617(which)-543(reproduced,)-617(in)-543(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(outline)-325(and)-326(in)-325(their)-325(social)-326(tone,)-344(the)-325(forms)-325(and)-326(spirit)-325(of)-325(the)-325(free)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Republic)-378(of)-378(Rome.)-633(The)-378(capitol)-378(and)-378(the)-378(forum)-378(are)-378(merely)-377(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(external)-417(symbols)-418(of)-417(a)-417(closer)-418(bond)-417(of)-417(parentage.)-752(The)-417(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(military)-202(discipline)-202(did)-202(not)-202(more)-202(completely)-202(master)-202(and)-201(transform)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(Numidian)-329(or)-329(Celtic)-329(recruit,)-349(than)-329(the)-329(inspiration)-329(of)-329(her)-329(civil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(polity)-375(diffused)-375(among)-375(races)-376(imbruted)-375(by)-375(servitude,)-406(or)-375(instinct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-170(the)-169(love)-170(of)-170(a)-170(lawless,)-185(nomadic)-170(freedom,)-186(the)-170(sober)-169(attachment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-326(an)-327(ordered)-326(civic)-326(life)-327(which)-326(was)-326(obedient)-327(to)-326(a)-326(long)-326(tradition,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(yet)-250(vividly)-250(interested)-250(in)-250(its)-250(own)-250(affairs.)]TJ 11.956 -22.778 Td [(On)-235(hardly)-236(any)-235(side)-236(of)-235(ancient)-236(life)-235(is)-236(the)-235(information)-235(furnished)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(by)-369(the)-369(inscriptions)-369(so)-369(rich)-369(as)-369(on)-369(the)-369(spirit)-369(and)-369(organisation)-369(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(municipalities.)-760(Here)-420(one)-420(may)-420(learn)-420(details)-420(of)-420(communal)-420(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-498(are)-498(never)-498(alluded)-498(to)-498(in)-498(Roman)-498(literature.)-994(From)-497(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(source,)-562(also,)-561(we)-499(must)-499(seek)-500(the)-499(only)-499(authentic)-499(materials)-499(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-407(reconstruction)-407(of)-407(a)-408(municipality)-407(of)-407(the)-407(first)-407(century.)-721(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(Album)-217(Canusii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 67.171 0 Td [(and)-217(the)-217(tablets)-217(containing)-218(the)-217(laws)-217(of)-217(Malaga)-217(and)]TJ -67.171 -13.55 Td [(Salpensa)-288(have)-289(not)-288(only)-288(settled)-289(more)-288(than)-288(one)-289(question)-288(as)-288(to)-288(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(municipal)-263(organisation)-262(of)-263(the)-263(early)-263(Empire,)-265(but)-263(have)-263(enabled)-262(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-296(form)-295(almost)-296(as)-295(clear-cut)-295(a)-296(conception)-295(of)-296(it)-295(as)-296(we)-295(have)-296(of)-295(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corporate)-250(organisation)-250(of)-250(our)-250(own)-250(great)-250(towns.)]TJ 11.956 -22.779 Td [(But,)-416(unlike)-383(our)-383(civic)-383(republics,)-416(the)-383(Roman)-383(municipal)-382(town)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(was)-196(distinctly)-195(aristocratic,)-207(or)-196(rather)-195(timocratic,)-207(in)-196(its)-195(constitution.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(A)-393(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.944 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-393(place)-392(in)-393(the)-393(community,)-428(as)-393(a)-392(rule,)-429(was)-393(fixed)-392(by)-393(his)]TJ -34.577 -13.549 Td [(ancestry,)-259(his)-257(official)-258(grade,)-259(or)-257(his)-257(capacity)-257(to)-258(spend.)-271(The)-257(dictum)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-478(Trimalchio)-479(was)-478(too)-478(literally)-478(true)-478(in)-479(the)-478(municipal)-478(life)-478(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-348(age)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.3 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(a)-348(man)-348(is)-348(what)-347(he)-348(is)-348(worth.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 120.633 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.639 0 Td [(Provincial)-348(society)-348(was)]TJ -180.325 -13.549 Td [(already)-382(parted)-381(and)-382(graduated,)-414(though)-382(less)-381(decidedly,)-415(by)-381(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rigid)-430(lines)-429(of)-429(materialistic)-430(demarcation)-429(which)-430(became)-429(gaping)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fissures)-406(in)-405(the)-406(society)-405(of)-406(the)-406(Theodosian)-405(code.)-717(The)-406(Curia)-405(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Senate)-364(was)-364(open)-364(only)-365(to)-364(the)-364(possessor)-364(of)-364(a)-364(certain)-364(fortune;)-421(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Como,)-292(for)-283(instance,)-291(HS.100,000,)-292(elsewhere)-283(perhaps)-283(even)-283(more.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(On)-427(the)-427(other)-427(hand,)-471(the)-427(richest)-427(freedman)-427(could)-427(not)-427(become)-426(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1221 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1222 0 R /Resources 1220 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1211 0 R >> endobj 1220 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1225 0 obj << /Length 6012 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(257)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(member)-280(of)-280(the)-280(Curia)-280(or)-280(hold)-279(any)-280(civic)-280(magistracy,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 222.875 3.959 Td [(1189)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.573 -3.959 Td [(although)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.576 0 Td [([210])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(he)-327(might)-326(be)-327(decorated)-327(with)-327(their)-326(insignia.)-480(His)-327(ambition)-327(had)-326(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-231(satisfied)-230(with)-231(admission)-231(to)-230(the)-231(order)-231(of)-230(the)-231(Augustales,)-234(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ranked)-272(socially)-273(after)-272(the)-272(members)-273(of)-272(the)-272(Curia.)-317(In)-273(the)-272(list)-272(of)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Curia,)-331(which)-314(was)-314(revised)-315(every)-314(five)-315(years,)-330(the)-315(order)-314(of)-314(official)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-342(social)-343(precedence)-342(was)-343(most)-342(scrupulously)-343(observed.)-527(In)-342(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Album)-243(Canusii)-243(of)-242(the)-243(year)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 118.079 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.626 0 Td [(223,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 19.091 3.959 Td [(1190)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.103 -3.959 Td [(the)-243(first)-242(rank)-243(is)-243(assigned)]TJ -174.899 -13.549 Td [(to)-251(thirty-nine)-250(patrons,)-251(who)-251(have)-251(held)-250(imperial)-251(office,)-251(or)-251(who)-250(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(senators)-387(or)-387(knights.)-661(Next)-387(come)-387(the)-387(local)-387(magnates)-387(who)-386(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-412(dignified)-412(by)-411(election)-412(to)-412(any)-411(of)-412(the)-412(four)-412(great)-411(municipal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(magistracies.)-552(Last)-350(in)-351(order)-350(are)-351(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 159.34 0 Td [(pedani)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.694 0 Td [(,)-376(that)-350(is,)-376(the)-350(citizens)]TJ -189.034 -13.549 Td [(possessing)-449(the)-449(requisite)-450(qualification,)-499(who)-449(have)-449(not)-449(yet)-449(held)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-262(municipal)-262(office.)-286(At)-262(the)-262(bottom)-262(of)-262(the)-262(list)-262(stand)-261(twenty-five)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(praetextati)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.269 0 Td [(,)-180(who)-162(were)-162(probably)-162(the)-163(sons)-162(of)-162(the)-162(more)-162(distinguished)]TJ -47.269 -13.55 Td [(citizens,)-233(and)-230(who,)-233(like)-229(the)-230(sons)-229(of)-229(senators)-230(of)-229(the)-229(Republic,)-233(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(silent)-250(witnesses)-251(of)-250(the)-250(proceedings)-250(in)-251(the)-250(Curia.)-251(From)-250(this)-250(body,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-180(from)-180(all)-180(the)-180(magistracies,)-194(all)-180(persons)-180(engaged)-180(in)-180(certain)-179(mean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-297(disgraceful)-297(occupations)-297(were)-297(expressly)-298(excluded,)-308(along)-297(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-282(great)-282(mass)-282(of)-282(the)-282(poorer)-282(citizens,)-290(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 181.927 0 Td [(tenuiores)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.604 0 Td [(.)-346(The)-282(taint)-282(of)]TJ -222.531 -13.55 Td [(servile)-289(birth,)-298(the)-288(possession)-289(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 137.345 0 Td [(libertinae)-288(opes)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 65.569 0 Td [(,)-298(was)-289(an)-288(indelible)]TJ -202.914 -13.549 Td [(blot.)-524(In)-341(countless)-341(inscriptions)-341(this)-342(gradation)-341(of)-341(rank)-341(is)-341(sharply)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accentuated.)-244(If)-231(a)-231(man)-231(leaves)-231(a)-231(bequest)-231(for)-231(an)-231(annual)-231(feast,)-234(with)-231(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distribution)-248(of)-248(money,)-248(the)-248(rich)-247(patron)-248(or)-248(the)-248(decurio)-248(will)-247(receive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-308(five)-309(times)-308(the)-309(amount)-308(which)-308(is)-309(doled)-308(out)-309(to)-308(the)-308(simple)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plebeian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.688 3.958 Td [(1191)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.771 -3.958 Td [(The)-391(distinction)-390(of)-391(rank,)-426(even)-391(in)-391(punishment)-390(for)]TJ -63.459 -13.55 Td [(crime,)-284(which)-277(meets)-277(us)-277(everywhere)-277(in)-277(the)-277(Theodosian)-278(Code,)-283(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(already)-378(appeared.)-634(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 106.329 0 Td [(honestior)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 45.337 0 Td [(is)-378(not)-378(to)-378(be)-378(degraded)-378(by)-378(the)]TJ -151.666 -13.549 Td [(punishment)-284(of)-284(crucifixion)-284(or)-284(by)-284(the)-284(stroke)-284(of)-284(the)-284(rod.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.426 3.959 Td [(1192)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.277 -3.959 Td [(But)-284(it)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.228 Td [(1189)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.881 0 Td [(R\366m.)-247(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.283 0 Td [(i.)-247(499;)-245(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.97 0 Td [(Cena)-242(Trim.)-248(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.359 0 Td [(29;)-245(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.567 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.375 0 Td [(i.)-247(19;)-245(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -228.39 -10.959 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Afr.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(p.)-250(195.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.571 -7.311 Td [(1190)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3721;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.57 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.523 0 Td [(30.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -163.142 -7.31 Td [(1191)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-620(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.778 0 Td [(6989,)-404(7001,)-404(7199,)-405(ob)-373(duplam)-373(sportulam)-374(collatum)-373(sibi,)-404(4020,)]TJ -53.733 -10.959 Td [(3703.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1192)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hartmann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.339 0 Td [(De)-250(Exilio)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.118 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(58)-250(sq.;)-250(Duruy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.479 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.349 0 Td [(vi.)-250(643.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1224 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1225 0 R /Resources 1223 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1211 0 R >> endobj 1226 0 obj << /D [1224 0 R /XYZ 289.219 518.175 null] >> endobj 1223 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1229 0 obj << /Length 5581 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(258)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-240(on)-239(their)-240(tombs)-239(that)-240(the)-239(passion)-240(of)-240(the)-239(Romans)-240(for)-239(some)-240(sort)-239(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinction,)-316(however)-303(shadowy,)-316(shows)-303(itself)-303(most)-303(strikingly.)-408(On)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-253(slabs)-254(every)-253(grade)-253(of)-254(dignity)-253(in)-253(a)-254(long)-253(career)-253(is)-253(enumerated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-212(minute)-212(care.)-238(The)-212(exact)-212(value)-213(of)-212(a)-212(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 185.716 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-212(public)-212(benefactions)]TJ -189.349 -13.55 Td [(or)-340(his)-341(official)-340(salary)-340(will)-341(be)-340(recorded)-340(with)-340(pride.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.048 3.959 Td [(1193)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.121 -3.959 Td [(Even)-340(the)]TJ -241.169 -13.549 Td [(dealer)-343(in)-343(aromatics)-343(or)-344(in)-343(rags)-343(will)-343(make)-343(a)-343(boast)-343(of)-343(some)-343(petty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(office)-400(in)-399(the)-400(college)-399(of)-400(his)-400(trade.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.272 3.959 Td [(1194)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.062 -3.959 Td [(But,)-437(although)-400(rank)-399(and)]TJ -175.334 -13.549 Td [(office)-322(were)-322(extravagantly)-321(valued)-322(in)-322(these)-322(societies,)-340(wealth)-321(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([211])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(after)-379(all)-378(the)-379(great)-379(distinction.)-636(The)-379(cities)-379(were)-378(in)-379(the)-379(hands)-378(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-333(rich,)-354(and,)-354(in)-332(return)-333(for)-333(social)-333(deference)-333(and)-333(official)-333(power,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(rich)-259(were)-259(expected)-259(to)-259(give)-259(lavishly)-259(to)-259(all)-259(public)-259(objects.)-277(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worship)-317(of)-317(wealth,)-333(the)-317(monumental)-316(flattery)-317(of)-317(rich)-317(patrons)-316(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benefactors,)-288(was)-281(very)-280(interested)-280(and)-281(servile.)-341(On)-281(the)-280(other)-280(hand,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-269(probably)-268(never)-269(was)-268(a)-268(time)-269(when)-268(the)-269(duties)-268(of)-269(wealth)-268(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(so)-359(powerfully)-359(enforced)-359(by)-359(opinion,)-386(or)-359(so)-359(cheerfully,)-386(and)-359(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recklessly,)-250(performed.)]TJ 11.956 -18.054 Td [(Yet,)-271(although)-267(these)-266(communities)-267(were)-267(essentially)-266(aristocratic)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(in)-462(tone)-463(and)-462(constitution,)-516(the)-462(commonalty)-463(still)-462(retained)-462(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-352(in)-351(the)-352(Antonine)-351(age.)-555(On)-352(many)-351(inscriptions)-352(they)-351(appear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(side)-491(by)-490(side)-491(with)-490(the)-491(Curial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.164 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(ordo)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.996 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.195 0 Td [(and)-491(the)-490(Augustales.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.993 3.959 Td [(1195)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(They)-371(had)-370(still)-371(in)-371(the)-371(reign)-370(of)-371(Domitian)-371(the)-370(right)-371(to)-371(elect)-370(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(magistrates.)-525(It)-342(was)-342(long)-342(believed)-341(that,)-365(with)-342(the)-342(suppression)-341(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popular)-324(elections)-323(at)-324(Rome)-324(in)-324(the)-323(reign)-324(of)-324(Tiberius,)-342(the)-323(popular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(choice)-254(of)-254(their)-254(great)-254(magistrates)-254(must)-254(also)-254(have)-254(been)-253(withdrawn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-295(municipal)-295(towns.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.074 3.959 Td [(1196)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.646 -3.959 Td [(This)-295(has)-296(now)-295(been)-295(disproved)-295(by)-295(the)]TJ -120.72 -13.549 Td [(discovery)-225(of)-225(the)-225(laws)-224(of)-225(Malaga)-225(and)-225(Salpensa,)-230(in)-225(which)-225(the)-224(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(elaborate)-439(provisions)-438(are)-439(made)-439(for)-438(a)-439(free)-439(and)-438(uncontaminated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(election)-317(by)-317(the)-317(whole)-317(people.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.086 3.959 Td [(1197)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.36 -3.959 Td [(And)-317(we)-317(can)-317(still)-317(almost)-317(hear)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.472 Td [(1193)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(946,)-250(3708.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1194)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(7192.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1195)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-319(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.175 0 Td [(3703,)-279(3706,)-278(4009,)-279(3937,)-279(3704,)-278(3725,)-279(4020;)-284(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 178.566 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.65 0 Td [(x.)-319(111;)-284(cf.)]TJ -243.346 -10.959 Td [(Ohnesseit,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.846 0 Td [(De)-250(Jure)-250(Municip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.239 0 Td [(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.825 -7.31 Td [(1196)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.378 0 Td [(i.)-250(472.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.977 -7.311 Td [(1197)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7421;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(Lex)-250(Mal.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.117 0 Td [(\247\247)-250(53,)-250(55.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1228 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1229 0 R /Resources 1227 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1211 0 R >> endobj 1230 0 obj << /D [1228 0 R /XYZ 122.494 423.331 null] >> endobj 1231 0 obj << /D [1228 0 R /XYZ 119.943 66.142 null] >> endobj 1227 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1234 0 obj << /Length 6221 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(259)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-521(noise)-522(of)-521(election)-521(days)-521(among)-522(the)-521(ruins)-521(of)-522(Pompeii.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1198)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Many)-567(of)-566(the)-567(inscriptions)-567(of)-566(Pompeii)-567(are)-567(election)-566(placards,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recommending)-193(particular)-192(candidates.)-231(There,)-204(in)-192(red)-193(letters)-192(painted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-262(the)-262(walls,)-265(we)-262(can)-262(read)-262(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 133.039 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-262(barbers)-262(wish)-262(to)-262(have)-262(Trebius)]TJ -137.883 -13.55 Td [(as)-415(aedile,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.388 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.367 0 Td [(or)-415(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.496 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-415(fruit-sellers,)-455(with)-415(one)-414(accord,)-456(support)]TJ -91.094 -13.549 Td [(the)-352(candidature)-351(of)-352(Holconius)-351(Priscus)-352(for)-351(the)-352(duumvirate.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 254.988 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.679 0 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(porters,)-337(muleteers,)-338(and)-319(garlic)-320(dealers)-320(have)-320(each)-320(their)-319(favourite.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-420(master)-419(fuller,)-462(Vesonius)-419(Primus,)-462(backs)-420(Cn.)-758(Helvius)-420(as)-419(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worthy)-438(man.)-814(Even)-438(ladies)-438(took)-438(part)-438(in)-438(the)-438(contest)-438(and)-437(made)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-276(separate)-276(appeals.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.781 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(His)-276(little)-276(sweetheart)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.83 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.855 0 Td [(records)-276(that)-276(she)-276(is)]TJ -201.309 -13.549 Td [(working)-277(for)-277(Claudius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.639 3.959 Td [(1199)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.043 -3.959 Td [(Personal)-277(popularity)-277(no)-276(doubt)-277(then,)-284(as)]TJ -116.682 -13.549 Td [(always,)-346(attracted)-328(such)-327(electoral)-327(support.)-481(But)-327(the)-327(student)-327(of)-327(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-173(may)-173(be)-172(inclined)-173(to)-173(think)-172(that)-173(the)-173(free)-173(and)-172(independent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(electors)-257(had)-257(also)-257(a)-257(keen)-257(eye)-257(for)-257(the)-257(man)-257(who)-257(was)-257(likely)-257(to)-256(build)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-237(new)-238(colonnade)-237(for)-238(the)-237(forum,)-240(or)-237(a)-238(new)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 178.738 0 Td [(schola)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 31.073 0 Td [(for)-237(the)-238(guild,)-240(or,)]TJ -209.811 -13.549 Td [(best)-280(of)-280(all,)-287(to)-280(send)-280(down)-280(thirty)-280(pairs)-280(of)-280(gladiators)-280(into)-280(the)-279(arena)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([212])]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(with)-250(plenty)-250(of)-250(blood.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.516 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1200)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -89.248 -19.577 Td [(The)-439(laws)-438(of)-439(Malaga)-438(and)-439(Salpensa)-439(prescribe,)-485(in)-439(the)-438(fullest)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(detail,)-236(all)-233(the)-232(forms)-233(to)-232(be)-233(observed)-232(in)-233(the)-232(election)-233(of)-232(magistrates.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(These)-411(were)-411(generally)-410(six)-411(in)-411(number)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.791 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(two)-411(duumvirs,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.787 3.958 Td [(1201)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.358 -3.958 Td [(who)]TJ -261.845 -13.55 Td [(were)-399(the)-399(highest)-399(officers,)-436(two)-399(aediles,)-436(and)-399(two)-399(quaestors,)-436(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(each)-526(year.)-1078(Every)-526(fifth)-526(year,)-595(instead)-526(of)-526(the)-526(duumvirs,)-595(two)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(quinquennales)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 69.548 0 Td [(were)-542(elected,)-615(with)-543(the)-542(extraordinary)-542(duty)-542(of)]TJ -69.548 -13.549 Td [(conducting)-201(the)-200(municipal)-201(census.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.827 3.959 Td [(1202)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.987 -3.959 Td [(The)-201(candidates)-200(for)-201(all)-201(these)]TJ -162.814 -13.549 Td [(offices)-453(were)-454(required)-453(to)-454(be)-453(free)-454(born,)-504(of)-453(the)-454(age)-453(of)-453(twenty-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(five)-342(at)-341(least,)-365(of)-342(irreproachable)-342(character,)-364(and)-342(the)-342(possessors)-341(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.078 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.265 Td [(1198)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)-250(376,)-250(388-89)-250(\050Tr.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1199)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Claudium)-250(iivir.)-250(animula)-250(facit,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 108.591 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iv.)-250(425,)-250(677,)-250(644.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -146.204 -7.31 Td [(1200)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.807 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.683 0 Td [(45,)-227(ferrum)-221(optimum)-221(daturus)-221(est,)-227(sine)-221(fuga,)-226(carnarium)-221(in)-221(medio,)]TJ -55.445 -10.959 Td [(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1201)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(The)-252(title)-253(of)-252(the)-253(highest)-253(magistracy)-252(varied)-253(a)-252(good)-253(deal:)-255(cf.)-257(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 231.472 0 Td [(R\366m.)-258(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.468 0 Td [(i.)]TJ -275.895 -10.959 Td [(475,)-250(89,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.382 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(iii.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.961 0 Td [(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.435 0 Td [(154.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.872 -7.31 Td [(1202)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)-478(i.)-478(485;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.177 0 Td [(Henz.)-478(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.071 0 Td [(p.)-478(157.)-478(Often)-326(described)-326(as)-326(iivir)-326(quinquennalis,)]TJ -108.203 -10.959 Td [(or)-294(iivir)-293(censoria)-294(potestate)-293(quinq.)-381(etc.,)-305(or)-293(shortly)-294(quinquennalis;)-315(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 244.344 0 Td [(Or.)-381(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -244.344 -10.959 Td [(3882,)-250(3721.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1233 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1234 0 R /Resources 1232 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1236 0 R >> endobj 1235 0 obj << /D [1233 0 R /XYZ 67.4 314.937 null] >> endobj 1232 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1239 0 obj << /Length 5565 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(260)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-433(certain)-432(fortune.)-798(The)-433(qualifications)-432(were)-433(the)-432(same)-433(as)-432(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prescribed)-550(by)-550(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 87.675 0 Td [(lex)-550(Julia)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.536 0 Td [(for)-550(admission)-550(to)-550(the)-550(municipal)]TJ -134.211 -13.549 Td [(Senate,)-481(which)-435(expressly)-435(excluded)-435(persons)-435(engaged)-435(in)-435(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disreputable)-544(callings)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.192 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(gladiators,)-617(actors,)-617(pimps,)-617(auctioneers,)]TJ -104.101 -13.55 Td [(and)-306(undertakers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.705 3.959 Td [(1203)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.985 -3.959 Td [(In)-306(the)-305(best)-306(days)-305(the)-306(competition)-306(for)-305(office)]TJ -93.69 -13.549 Td [(was)-365(undoubtedly)-364(keen,)-393(and)-365(the)-365(candidates)-364(were)-365(numerous.)-593(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-290(year)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 38.439 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.145 0 Td [(4,)-300(the)-291(year)-290(of)-290(the)-290(death)-291(of)-290(C.)-290(Caesar,)-301(the)-290(grandson)]TJ -57.584 -13.549 Td [(of)-371(Augustus,)-400(so)-371(hot)-370(was)-371(the)-370(rivalry)-371(that)-370(the)-371(town)-370(of)-371(Pisa)-370(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(left)-466(without)-466(magistrates)-465(owing)-466(to)-466(serious)-466(disturbances)-466(at)-465(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(elections.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.509 3.959 Td [(1204)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.327 -3.959 Td [(But)-316(it)-316(is)-316(an)-316(ominous)-316(fact)-316(that)-316(the)-316(law)-316(of)-316(Malaga,)]TJ -62.836 -13.549 Td [(in)-353(the)-352(reign)-353(of)-353(Domitian,)-378(makes)-353(provision)-352(for)-353(the)-352(contingency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-298(a)-297(failure)-298(of)-298(candidates.)-393(In)-297(such)-298(a)-298(case)-297(the)-298(presiding)-297(duumvir)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-454(to)-454(nominate)-454(the)-453(required)-454(number,)-505(they)-454(in)-454(turn)-454(an)-453(equal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(number,)-438(and)-401(the)-401(combined)-401(nominees)-400(had)-401(to)-401(designate)-401(a)-400(third)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(set)-396(equal)-397(in)-396(number)-397(t)1(o)-397(themselves.)-689(The)-396(choice)-397(of)-396(the)-396(people)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-426(then)-425(restricted)-426(to)-426(these)-425(involuntary)-426(candidates.)-777(The)-425(city)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-317(evidently)-318(advanced)-317(a)-318(stage)-317(towards)-318(the)-317(times)-318(of)-317(the)-317(Lower)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Empire,)-258(when)-257(the)-257(magistrates)-257(were)-256(appointed)-257(by)-257(the)-257(Curia)-256(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-312(themselves,)-327(with)-312(no)-311(reference)-312(to)-312(the)-312(people.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.382 3.958 Td [(1205)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.186 -3.958 Td [(A)-312(man)]TJ -250.568 -13.55 Td [(might,)-248(indeed,)-248(well)-248(hesitate)-248(before)-248(offering)-247(himself)-248(for)-248(an)-247(office)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-406(imposed)-405(a)-406(heavy)-406(expenditure)-405(on)-406(the)-405(holder)-406(of)-406(it.)-716(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honorarium)-219(payable)-219(on)-218(admission)-219(amounted,)-225(in)-219(an)-219(obscure)-218(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-356(Thamugadi,)-383(to)-357(about)-356(\24332)-356(for)-357(the)-356(duumvirate,)-383(and)-356(\24324)-356(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-280(aedileship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.352 3.958 Td [(1206)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.155 -3.958 Td [(In)-280(the)-280(greater)-281(Italian)-280(cities)-280(it)-280(probably)-281(would)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -156.263 0 Td [([213])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(be)-251(much)-250(more;)-251(at)-250(Pompeii)-251(the)-250(newly)-251(elected)-250(duumvir)-251(paid)-250(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-254(\24380.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.649 3.959 Td [(1207)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.3 -3.959 Td [(But)-254(the)-254(man)-254(chosen)-255(by)-254(the)-254(people)-254(often)-254(felt)-254(bound)]TJ -59.949 -13.549 Td [(to)-420(outstrip)-419(the)-420(bare)-420(demands)-419(of)-420(law)-420(or)-419(custom)-420(by)-420(a)-419(prodigal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(liberality.)-244(He)-232(must)-232(build)-233(or)-232(repair)-232(some)-232(public)-232(work,)-236(to)-232(signalise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-234(year)-233(of)-234(office,)-237(and,)-237(at)-233(the)-234(dedication)-234(of)-233(it,)-237(good)-234(taste)-233(required)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.513 Td [(1203)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Arnold,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(Prov.)-250(Adm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.832 0 Td [(pp.)-250(225,)-250(226.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -87.412 -7.31 Td [(1204)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(643.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(1205)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lex)-250(Malag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.083 0 Td [(\247)-250(51;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(7421;)-250(Marq.)-250(i.)-250(475;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.731 0 Td [(C.)-250(Th.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(xii.)-250(5,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -188.795 -7.31 Td [(1206)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(2341,)-250(17838.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(1207)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)-250(i.)-250(499)-250(n.)-250(13.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1238 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1239 0 R /Resources 1237 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1236 0 R >> endobj 1240 0 obj << /D [1238 0 R /XYZ 281.995 436.88 null] >> endobj 1241 0 obj << /D [1238 0 R /XYZ 189.194 206.544 null] >> endobj 1237 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1244 0 obj << /Length 5468 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(261)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(him)-264(to)-264(exhibit)-264(costly)-264(games,)-267(or)-264(to)-264(give)-264(a)-264(banquet)-264(to)-264(the)-263(citizens,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(a)-250(largess)-250(to)-250(all)-250(of)-250(every)-250(rank)-250(small)-250(or)-250(great.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.167 3.959 Td [(1208)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -199.211 -20.638 Td [(But)-477(in)-476(return)-477(for)-476(its)-477(liabilities,)-533(the)-477(position)-476(of)-477(a)-476(duumvir)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(gave)-503(undoubted)-504(power)-503(and)-504(distinction.)-1010(The)-504(office)-503(was)-503(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(image)-399(or)-399(shadow)-399(of)-399(the)-399(ancient)-398(consulship,)-437(and)-398(occasionally,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-399(the)-400(inscriptions)-399(attest,)-437(a)-399(Hadrian)-400(or)-399(an)-400(Antoninus)-399(Pius)-399(did)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-497(disdain)-497(to)-497(accept)-497(it.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.286 3.959 Td [(1209)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.248 -3.959 Td [(The)-497(duumvirs)-497(commanded)-497(the)]TJ -139.534 -13.549 Td [(local)-337(militia,)-360(when)-337(it)-337(was,)-360(on)-337(emergency,)-359(called)-338(out.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.187 3.958 Td [(1210)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.025 -3.958 Td [(They)]TJ -258.212 -13.55 Td [(presided)-275(at)-275(meetings)-275(of)-275(the)-275(people)-275(and)-275(the)-275(Curia,)-281(they)-275(proposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(questions)-483(for)-484(their)-483(deliberation,)-541(and)-484(carried)-483(the)-483(decrees)-483(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effect.)-551(They)-350(had)-350(civil)-351(jurisdiction)-350(up)-350(to)-351(a)-350(certain)-350(amount,)-375(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-285(criminal)-284(jurisdiction,)-294(which,)-293(in)-285(the)-285(third)-284(century,)-294(had)-284(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(transferred)-264(to)-264(imperial)-264(functionaries,)-267(was,)-268(according)-264(to)-264(the)-263(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(probable)-318(opinion,)-335(undiminished)-318(at)-319(least)-318(down)-318(to)-318(the)-318(end)-318(of)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-460(century.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 58.041 3.959 Td [(1211)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.051 -3.959 Td [(This)-460(judicial)-461(power,)-513(however,)-513(was)-460(limited)]TJ -84.092 -13.549 Td [(by)-359(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 32.081 0 Td [(intercessio)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.19 0 Td [(of)-359(colleagues)-360(and)-359(the)-359(right)-360(of)-359(appeal.)-578(They)]TJ -83.271 -13.549 Td [(had)-409(extensive)-409(responsibilities)-409(in)-409(finance,)-449(for)-409(the)-409(coll)1(ection)-409(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dues)-409(and)-408(taxes,)-449(and)-408(the)-409(recovery)-408(of)-409(all)-409(moneys)-408(owing)-409(to)-408(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(municipality.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.884 3.959 Td [(1212)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.447 -3.959 Td [(After)-381(the)-381(fall)-380(of)-381(the)-381(free)-381(Republic,)-413(when)-381(so)]TJ -81.331 -13.549 Td [(many)-225(avenues)-225(of)-225(ambition)-226(were)-225(closed,)-230(many)-225(an)-225(able)-225(man)-225(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(well)-173(satisfy)-173(his)-172(desire)-173(for)-173(power)-172(and)-173(distinction)-173(by)-173(the)-172(duumvirate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(a)-250(provincial)-250(town.)]TJ 11.956 -16.68 Td [(The)-454(Curia,)-505(or)-454(local)-454(senate,)-505(is)-454(peculiarly)-454(interesting)-454(to)-453(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(historical)-203(student,)-212(because)-202(it)-203(was)-202(to)-202(the)-203(conversion)-202(of)-203(the)-202(curiales)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-329(a)-329(hereditary)-329(caste,)-349(loaded)-329(with)-329(incalculable)-330(liabilities,)-348(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-311(decay)-311(of)-310(the)-311(Western)-311(Empire)-311(was)-310(to)-311(a)-311(large)-311(extent)-311(due.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1213)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But,)-199(in)-185(the)-186(reign)-185(of)-186(Domitian,)-199(the)-185(Curia)-186(is)-186(still)-185(erect)-186(and)-185(dignified.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Although)-180(the)-179(individual)-180(decurio)-179(seldom)-179(or)-180(never)-179(assumes)-180(the)-179(title)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.549 Td [(1208)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7080,)-250(7082,)-250(3811,)-250(3817,)-250(3882.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1209)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3817;)-250(cf.)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.528 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.586 -7.31 Td [(1210)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lex)-250(Urson.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.088 0 Td [(\247)-250(103.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.783 -7.311 Td [(1211)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.522 0 Td [(28;)-250(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(349)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.121 -7.31 Td [(1212)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lex)-250(Malag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.083 0 Td [(\247)-250(60)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.778 -7.311 Td [(1213)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.189 0 Td [(Roman)-250(Society)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Last)-250(Century)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Western)-250(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 207.455 0 Td [(,)-250(bk.)-250(iii.)-250(c.)-250(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1243 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1244 0 R /Resources 1242 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1236 0 R >> endobj 1242 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1247 0 obj << /Length 6313 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(262)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(senator)-307(in)-307(the)-307(inscriptions,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.006 3.959 Td [(1214)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.94 -3.959 Td [(the)-307(Curia)-307(as)-307(a)-306(whole)-307(often)-307(bears)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -209.701 0 Td [([214])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-187(august)-188(name)-187(and)-187(titles)-187(of)-188(the)-187(majestic)-187(Roman)-188(Senate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.907 3.959 Td [(1215)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.938 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(assuredly)-356(down)-357(to)-356(the)-356(middle)-356(of)-356(the)-357(second)-356(century)-356(there)-356(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-272(lack)-272(of)-272(candidates)-272(for)-272(admission.)-316(Every)-272(five)-272(years)-272(the)-272(roll)-271(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-220(Curia)-221(was)-220(revised)-220(and)-220(drawn)-220(up)-221(afresh)-220(by)-220(the)-220(quinquennales.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-355(conditions)-355(were)-355(those)-355(for)-355(holding)-355(a)-355(magistracy,)-381(including)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-446(property)-445(qualification,)-494(which)-446(varied)-446(in)-445(different)-446(places.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1216)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-290(number)-291(of)-290(ordinary)-290(members)-291(was)-290(generally)-290(100.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.149 3.959 Td [(1217)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.485 -3.959 Td [(But)-290(it)]TJ -255.634 -13.549 Td [(was)-331(swelled)-332(by)-331(patrons)-331(and)-332(other)-331(extraordinary)-331(members.)-494(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(quinquennales,)-257(in)-256(framing)-255(the)-256(list,)-257(took)-256(first)-255(the)-256(members)-256(on)-255(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(roll)-325(of)-324(the)-325(previous)-325(term,)-343(and)-325(then)-325(those)-324(who)-325(had)-325(been)-324(elected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-285(magistracies)-286(since)-285(the)-286(last)-285(census.)-356(If)-285(any)-286(vacancies)-285(were)-285(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(left,)-262(they)-259(were)-260(filled)-259(up)-259(from)-260(the)-259(ranks)-260(of)-259(those)-259(who,)-262(not)-259(having)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-347(held)-347(any)-347(municipal)-347(office,)-371(were)-347(otherwise)-347(qualified)-347(by)-346(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(possession)-272(of)-272(a)-272(sufficient)-272(fortune.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.906 3.959 Td [(1218)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.886 -3.959 Td [(In)-272(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 28.353 0 Td [(Album)-272(Canusii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 65.4 0 Td [(,)-277(the)]TJ -261.545 -13.549 Td [(men)-306(who)-306(had)-306(held)-307(official)-306(rank)-306(constitute)-306(at)-306(least)-306(two-thirds)-306(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(Curia.)-251(In)-251(the)-250(composition)-250(of)-251(such)-250(a)-251(body)-250(there)-251(would)-250(appear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-224(be)-224(ample)-224(security)-225(for)-224(administrative)-224(skill)-224(and)-224(experience.)-241(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-186(we)-186(shall)-185(find)-186(that)-186(it)-186(was)-186(precisely)-185(through)-186(want)-186(of)-186(prudence)-185(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(skill)-291(that)-291(the)-292(door)-291(was)-291(opened)-291(for)-291(that)-291(bureaucratic)-291(interference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which,)-254(in)-253(the)-254(second)-253(century,)-254(began,)-254(with)-253(momentous)-253(results,)-254(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sap)-250(the)-250(freedom)-250(and)-250(independence)-250(of)-250(municipal)-250(life.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(The)-305(honours)-305(and)-305(powers)-305(of)-305(the)-305(provincial)-305(council)-305(were)-304(long)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sufficient)-192(to)-193(compensate)-192(the)-192(decurio)-192(for)-193(the)-192(heavy)-192(demands)-192(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upon)-295(his)-294(generosity.)-384(To)-295(all)-294(but)-295(comparatively)-295(few)-294(the)-295(career)-294(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imperial)-204(office)-204(and)-204(distinction)-204(was)-204(closed.)-235(His)-204(own)-204(town)-204(became)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(each)-410(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.24 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 8.713 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(patria,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.567 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.313 0 Td [(as)-410(Como)-409(was)-410(even)-410(to)-409(a)-410(man)-410(like)-409(Pliny,)]TJ -97.31 -13.549 Td [(who)-276(played)-276(so)-276(great)-276(a)-276(part)-276(in)-276(the)-276(life)-276(of)-276(the)-276(capital.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.888 3.959 Td [(1219)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.015 -3.959 Td [(There)-276(is)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.592 Td [(1214)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(There)-250(is)-250(one)-250(case)-250(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 73.452 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2279.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -125.501 -7.395 Td [(1215)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)-250(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.818 0 Td [(vol.)-250(iii.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.903 0 Td [(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.435 0 Td [(p.)-250(152.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -104.851 -7.31 Td [(1216)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(19;)-250(at)-250(Como)-250(the)-250(census)-250(was)-250(HS.100,000;)-250(cf.)-250(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 196.005 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.943 0 Td [(44.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -260.024 -7.311 Td [(1217)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(The)-334(Curia)-335(is)-334(sometimes)-335(designated)-334(as)-334(Cviri,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 165.878 0 Td [(Or.)-503(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.381 0 Td [(764,)-356(3737,)-355(1552.)]TJ -218.215 -10.959 Td [(Or.,)-250(however,)-250(interprets)-250(CV.)-250(as)-250(Civium)-250(universorum)-250(in)-250(764.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1218)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ohnesseit,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.846 0 Td [(De)-250(Jure)-250(Municip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.24 0 Td [(p.)-250(55;)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.571 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.378 0 Td [(i.)-250(504.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -198.73 -7.311 Td [(1219)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iv.)-250(13,)-250(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1246 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1247 0 R /Resources 1245 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1236 0 R >> endobj 1248 0 obj << /D [1246 0 R /XYZ 295.38 518.175 null] >> endobj 1245 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1251 0 obj << /Length 5722 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(263)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-321(ring)-321(of)-321(a)-321(very)-321(genuine)-321(public)-321(spirit)-321(and)-321(a)-321(love)-321(for)-321(the)-321(local)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commonwealth)-285(in)-284(a)-285(host)-284(of)-285(the)-284(inscriptions)-285(of)-284(that)-285(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.37 3.959 Td [(1220)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.297 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(vastness)-219(and)-219(overwhelming)-219(grandeur)-219(of)-219(a)-218(world-wide)-219(Empire,)-225(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-302(the)-303(individual)-302(citizen)-302(was)-302(a)-302(mere)-303(atom,)-315(made)-302(men)-302(crave)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-340(any)-339(distinction)-340(which)-339(seemed)-340(to)-339(raise)-340(them)-339(above)-340(the)-339(grey)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flat)-376(level)-375(which)-376(surrounds)-376(a)-375(democratic)-376(despotism.)-627(And)-375(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-428(ordinary)-429(decurio)-428(had)-429(some)-428(badges)-429(to)-428(mark)-429(him)-428(off)-428(from)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([215])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(crowd.)-471(The)-324(pompous)-324(honorific)-323(titles)-324(of)-324(the)-324(Lower)-323(Empire,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indeed,)-309(had)-297(not)-297(come)-298(into)-297(vogue.)-391(But)-298(the)-297(Curial)-297(had)-297(a)-297(place)-297(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(honour)-353(at)-352(games)-353(and)-353(festivals,)-378(a)-353(claim)-352(to)-353(a)-353(larger)-352(share)-353(in)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distributions)-222(of)-221(money)-222(by)-221(private)-222(benefactors,)-227(exemption,)-227(as)-221(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-165(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 26.027 0 Td [(honestiores)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 50.302 0 Td [(,)-182(from)-166(the)-165(more)-165(degrading)-166(forms)-165(of)-166(punishment,)]TJ -76.329 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(free)-328(supply)-329(of)-329(water)-328(from)-329(the)-329(public)-329(sources,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.635 3.959 Td [(1221)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.239 -3.959 Td [(and)-329(other)]TJ -238.874 -13.549 Td [(perquisites)-235(and)-236(honours,)-238(which)-235(varied)-236(in)-235(different)-235(localities.)-245(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(powers)-281(of)-281(the)-281(Curia)-281(were)-281(also)-281(very)-281(considerable.)-343(The)-281(duumvirs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indeed)-287(possessed)-286(extensive)-287(prerogatives)-287(which)-286(strong)-287(men)-286(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-299(sometimes)-298(strained.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 111.045 3.959 Td [(1222)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.754 -3.959 Td [(But)-299(there)-298(was)-299(a)-298(right)-299(of)-298(appeal)-299(to)]TJ -131.799 -13.549 Td [(the)-192(Curia)-193(from)-192(judicial)-192(decisions)-192(of)-192(the)-193(duumvirs)-192(in)-192(certain)-192(cases.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-295(their)-295(control)-295(of)-295(games)-296(and)-295(festivals,)-306(and)-295(of)-295(the)-295(finances)-295(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-352(community,)-378(was)-353(limited)-352(by)-353(the)-352(necessity)-353(of)-352(consulting)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Curia)-350(and)-349(of)-349(carrying)-350(out)-349(its)-350(orders.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.543 3.959 Td [(1223)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.421 -3.959 Td [(In)-349(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 30.043 0 Td [(lex)-349(Ursonensis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -215.007 -13.549 Td [(we)-485(find)-486(a)-485(long)-485(list)-486(of)-485(matters)-485(on)-486(which)-485(the)-485(duumvirs)-485(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obliged)-216(to)-217(take)-216(their)-216(instructions)-217(from)-216(the)-216(Curia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.325 3.959 Td [(1224)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.043 -3.959 Td [(The)-216(quorum)]TJ -227.368 -13.549 Td [(needed)-410(for)-411(a)-410(valid)-411(decision)-410(varied)-411(in)-410(different)-411(places.)-731(In)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(election)-248(of)-248(a)-248(patron)-249(a)-248(quorum)-248(of)-248(two-thirds)-248(of)-248(the)-248(decurions)-248(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(legally)-346(required.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.546 3.959 Td [(1225)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.309 -3.959 Td [(The)-346(names)-346(of)-346(the)-346(duoviri)-346(appeared)-346(at)-346(the)]TJ -94.855 -13.549 Td [(head)-419(of)-419(every)-418(curial)-419(decree,)-461(as)-419(those)-418(of)-419(the)-419(consuls)-419(in)-418(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(senatusconsultum.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.592 Td [(1220)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(e.g.)-250(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.543 0 Td [(3703,)-250(7190.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.238 -7.311 Td [(1221)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.522 0 Td [(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.121 -7.311 Td [(1222)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.818 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.089 0 Td [(iv.)-237(22.)-237(This)-210(autocratic)-210(act)-210(was)-211(the)-210(abolition)-210(of)-211(the)-210(games)-210(at)-211(Vienne)]TJ -44.862 -10.958 Td [(by)-250(a)-250(duumvir.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1223)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lex)-250(Urson.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.088 0 Td [(\247)-250(129.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.783 -7.311 Td [(1224)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(99;)-250(Ohnesseit,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.272 0 Td [(De)-250(Jure)-250(Municip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.239 0 Td [(p.)-250(51.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -152.158 -7.394 Td [(1225)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(53;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(Lex)-250(Urson.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.088 0 Td [(\247\247)-250(96,)-250(97,)-250(130.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1250 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1251 0 R /Resources 1249 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1236 0 R >> endobj 1252 0 obj << /D [1250 0 R /XYZ 106.41 436.88 null] >> endobj 1249 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1255 0 obj << /Length 5269 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(264)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(After)-529(the)-529(local)-529(aristocracy)-529(of)-529(curial)-529(rank)-529(came,)-599(in)-528(order)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-455(social)-455(precedence,)-506(members)-455(of)-455(the)-455(knightly)-455(class)-455(and)-455(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-387(of)-388(the)-387(Augustales.)-662(In)-387(the)-388(latter)-387(half)-387(of)-388(the)-387(first)-387(century)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(equestrian)-408(rank)-409(had)-408(been)-409(conferred)-408(with)-408(perhaps)-409(too)-408(lavish)-408(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(hand.)-1040(And)-513(satire)-513(was)-513(never)-514(tired)-513(of)-513(ridiculing)-513(these)-513(sham)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aristocrats,)-379(Bithynian)-353(knights)-353(as)-353(they)-353(were)-353(called,)-378(often)-353(of)-353(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lowest)-369(origin,)-398(who)-368(on)-369(public)-368(occasions)-369(vulgarly)-368(asserted)-368(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mushroom)-379(rank.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.917 3.959 Td [(1226)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.389 -3.959 Td [(In)-379(particular,)-411(the)-379(army)-379(contributed)-379(many)]TJ -96.306 -13.549 Td [(new)-343(knights)-343(to)-343(the)-343(society)-343(of)-343(the)-343(provincial)-343(towns.)-529(A)-343(veteran,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(often)-243(of)-244(humble)-243(birth,)-245(who)-243(had)-244(risen)-243(to)-244(the)-243(first)-244(place)-243(among)-243(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sixty)-321(centurions)-320(of)-320(a)-321(legion,)-338(was,)-338(on)-321(his)-320(discharge)-321(with)-320(a)-320(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pension,)-487(sometimes)-440(raised)-440(to)-440(equestrian)-440(rank.)-820(He)-439(frequently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(returned)-384(to)-384(his)-383(native)-384(place,)-417(where)-384(he)-384(became)-384(a)-384(personage)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-303(mark.)-408(Such)-302(men,)-316(along)-303(with)-303(old)-302(officers)-303(of)-303(higher)-302(grade,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([216])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(frequently)-366(appear)-366(in)-365(the)-366(inscriptions)-366(invested)-366(with)-365(priesthoods)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-189(high)-190(magistracies,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.544 3.959 Td [(1227)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.637 -3.959 Td [(and)-189(were)-190(sometimes)-189(chosen)-190(as)-189(patrons)]TJ -115.181 -13.549 Td [(of)-375(the)-375(community.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.024 3.959 Td [(1228)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.249 -3.959 Td [(Many)-375(of)-374(them)-375(were)-375(undoubtedly)-375(good)]TJ -106.273 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(public-spirited)-280(men,)-289(with)-280(the)-281(peculiar)-281(virtues)-280(which)-281(the)-280(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-373(the)-373(Roman)-374(camp)-373(engendered.)-619(But)-374(some)-373(of)-373(their)-373(class)-373(also)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(displayed)-274(that)-275(coarse)-274(and)-275(brutal)-274(self-assertion,)-281(and)-274(that)-274(ignorant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-401(for)-401(the)-401(refinement)-400(of)-401(culture,)-439(on)-401(which)-401(Persius)-400(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Juvenal)-250(poured)-250(their)-250(scorn.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 118.156 3.959 Td [(1229)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -106.201 -22.049 Td [(The)-191(Augustales,)-203(ranking)-192(next)-191(to)-191(the)-192(curial)-191(order,)-203(are)-192(peculiarly)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(interesting,)-254(both)-253(as)-254(representing)-253(the)-253(wide)-253(diffusion)-254(of)-253(the)-253(cult)-253(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-326(emperors,)-345(and)-327(as)-326(a)-326(class)-326(composed)-326(of)-327(men)-326(of)-326(low,)-345(or)-326(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(servile)-314(origin,)-330(who)-314(had)-315(made)-314(their)-314(fortunes)-314(in)-314(trade,)-330(yet)-314(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambition)-211(society)-212(found)-211(the)-211(means)-212(of)-211(satisfying,)-219(without)-211(breaking)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(down)-361(the)-361(barriers)-362(of)-361(aristocratic)-361(exclusiveness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.86 3.959 Td [(1230)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.805 -3.959 Td [(The)-361(origin)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.388 Td [(1226)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iii.)-250(29;)-250(v.)-250(14;)-250(v.)-250(23;)-250(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(28;)-250(iii.)-250(131,)-250(159.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1227)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7002,)-250(7018,)-250(3785,)-250(3789,)-250(3798,)-250(3733,)-250(3747.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1228)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2287,)-250(3714,)-250(3851.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1229)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Pers.)-250(iii.)-250(77;)-250(Juv.)-250(xvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1230)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(In)-317(the)-318(Inscr.)-452(they)-318(are)-317(mentioned)-318(after)-317(the)-318(decurions)-317(and)-318(before)-317(the)-318(plebs;)]TJ -11.955 -10.959 Td [(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.663 0 Td [(Or.)-497(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.305 0 Td [(4009,)-353(3807,)-353(1167.)-497(On)-332(the)-332(distinction)-332(between)-333(the)-332(Augustales)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1254 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1255 0 R /Resources 1253 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1236 0 R >> endobj 1256 0 obj << /D [1254 0 R /XYZ 316.042 342.036 null] >> endobj 1253 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1259 0 obj << /Length 5454 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(265)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-433(the)-432(order)-433(of)-432(the)-433(Augustales)-432(was)-432(long)-433(a)-432(subject)-433(of)-432(debate.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-309(it)-308(has)-309(now)-308(been)-309(placed)-308(beyond)-308(doubt)-309(that)-308(in)-309(the)-308(provincial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(towns)-459(it)-458(was)-459(a)-459(plebeian)-458(institution)-459(for)-459(the)-458(cult)-459(of)-458(Augustus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-315(succeeding)-315(emperors,)-331(modelled)-315(on)-315(the)-315(aristocratic)-315(order)-315(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-389(Sodales)-388(Augustales,)-423(which)-389(was)-389(established)-388(by)-389(Tiberius)-388(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-457(capital.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.129 3.959 Td [(1231)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.945 -3.959 Td [(The)-457(Augustales)-457(were)-457(elected)-458(by)-457(vote)-457(of)-457(the)]TJ -76.074 -13.549 Td [(local)-453(curia,)-505(without)-453(regard)-453(to)-454(social)-453(rank,)-504(although)-453(probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-443(due)-443(respect)-443(to)-443(wealth,)-492(and)-443(they)-443(included)-443(the)-443(leaders)-443(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-351(great)-351(freedman)-351(class,)-377(whose)-351(emergence)-351(is)-351(one)-351(of)-351(the)-351(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(striking)-470(facts)-470(in)-470(the)-471(social)-470(history)-470(of)-470(the)-470(time.)-910(Figuring)-470(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scores)-335(of)-335(inscriptions,)-356(the)-335(Augustales)-335(are)-335(mentioned)-335(only)-334(once)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-458(extant)-458(Roman)-458(literature,)-511(in)-458(the)-458(novel)-458(of)-458(Petronius,)-510(where)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-369(class)-369(has)-369(been)-368(immortalised,)-399(and)-369(probably)-369(caricatured.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1232)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-491(inscription,)-551(for)-491(which)-490(Trimalchio)-491(gives)-491(an)-491(order)-491(to)-490(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(brother)-400(Augustal,)-437(the)-400(stone-cutter,)-437(is)-400(to)-399(record)-400(his)-400(election)-399(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absence)-208(to)-208(the)-208(Sevirate,)-216(his)-208(many)-208(virtues)-208(and)-208(his)-208(millions.)-235(Actual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monuments)-284(at)-285(Assisi)-284(and)-285(Brescia)-284(show)-284(that)-285(Trimalchio)-284(was)-284(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-250(altogether)-250(imaginary)-250(person.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 138.153 3.959 Td [(1233)]TJ 152.871 -3.959 Td [([217])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -16.33 Td [(Yet)-456(the)-457(Augustales,)-508(in)-456(spite)-456(of)-457(the)-456(vulgar)-456(ostentation)-456(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(self-assertion,)-453(which)-412(have)-412(characterised)-412(similar)-412(classes)-412(of)-412(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(nouveaux)-367(riches)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 76.48 0 Td [(in)-367(all)-368(ages,)-396(were)-368(a)-367(very)-367(important)-367(and)-368(useful)]TJ -76.48 -13.55 Td [(order.)-654(They)-384(overspread)-385(the)-384(whole)-384(Roman)-385(world)-384(in)-385(the)-384(West.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Their)-407(monuments)-407(have)-406(been)-407(traced,)-446(not)-407(only)-407(in)-407(almost)-406(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(town)-436(in)-435(Italy,)-482(and)-436(in)-436(great)-435(provincial)-436(capitals,)-482(like)-436(Lyons)-435(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tarraco,)-245(but)-244(in)-245(Alpine)-244(valleys)-244(and)-244(lonely)-244(outposts)-244(of)-244(civilisation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-432(the)-432(edge)-431(of)-432(the)-432(Sahara.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.217 3.958 Td [(1234)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.115 -3.958 Td [(Their)-432(special)-432(religious)-431(duties)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 163.406 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 154.456 Td [(and)-520(the)-520(Seviri)-521(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 86.511 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.887 0 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.173 0 Td [(R\366m.)-1061(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.069 0 Td [(i.)-1061(514;)-655(Ohnesseit,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.938 0 Td [(De)-520(Jure)]TJ -249.577 -10.959 Td [(Munic.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.617 0 Td [(46;)-288(Nessling,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.187 0 Td [(De)-275(Seviris)-275(Aug.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.95 0 Td [(Marq.)-275(says,)-282(scheinen)-275(die)-275(Augustales)-275(als)]TJ -136.754 -10.959 Td [(lebensl\344ngliche)-276(Mitglieder)-277(des)-276(Collegiums,)-283(die)-277(Seviri)-276(als)-277(j\344hrlich)-276(wechselnde)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Beamte)-250(desselben)-250(zu)-250(betrachten)-250(zu)-250(sein.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1231)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)-341(i.)-341(513;)-296(Ohnesseit,)-288(p.)-341(46;)-296(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 127.455 0 Td [(Or.)-341(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.444 0 Td [(3959,)-288(7089;)-296(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.574 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.2 0 Td [(i.)-341(54,)]TJ -261.628 -10.959 Td [(73.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1232)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(65,)-250(71.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1233)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(2983;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(v.)-250(4482.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -74.725 -7.311 Td [(1234)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3917,)-250(3924,)-250(1561,)-250(7092,)-250(4077,)-250(3127,)-250(4020,)-250(5655,)-250(2374.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1258 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1259 0 R /Resources 1257 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1263 0 R >> endobj 1260 0 obj << /D [1258 0 R /XYZ 46.771 285.461 null] >> endobj 1261 0 obj << /D [1258 0 R /XYZ 183.526 143.497 null] >> endobj 1262 0 obj << /D [1258 0 R /XYZ 285.573 132.538 null] >> endobj 1257 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1266 0 obj << /Length 5469 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(266)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(involved)-342(considerable)-341(expense,)-365(from)-342(which)-341(no)-342(doubt)-342(the)-341(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aristocratic)-415(class)-415(were)-415(glad)-416(t)1(o)-416(be)-415(relieved.)-745(They)-415(had)-415(to)-415(bear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-268(cost)-269(of)-268(sacrifices)-268(and)-269(festivities)-268(on)-268(certain)-269(days)-268(in)-268(honour)-268(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dead)-336(emperors.)-510(They)-336(had)-336(to)-337(pay)-336(an)-336(entrance)-337(fee)-336(on)-336(admission)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-407(the)-406(college,)-446(which)-407(the)-406(ambitious)-407(among)-406(them)-407(would)-406(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lavishly)-331(exceed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.17 3.959 Td [(1235)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.812 -3.959 Td [(They)-331(were)-331(organised)-331(on)-330(the)-331(lines)-331(of)-331(other)]TJ -92.982 -13.549 Td [(colleges,)-297(with)-288(patrons,)-297(quinquennales,)-297(and)-288(other)-287(officials.)-363(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-289(their)-290(club-houses)-289(where)-289(their)-290(banquets)-289(were)-289(regularly)-289(held,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-245(possessed)-244(landed)-244(property,)-246(and)-245(had)-244(their)-244(common)-245(places)-244(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(burial.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.178 3.959 Td [(1236)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.643 -3.959 Td [(But)-326(their)-325(expenditure)-326(and)-326(their)-325(interests)-326(were)-326(by)-326(no)]TJ -49.821 -13.549 Td [(means)-364(limited)-365(to)-364(their)-365(own)-364(immediate)-365(society.)-593(They)-364(regarded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves,)-175(and)-156(were)-156(generally)-156(treated)-156(as)-156(public)-157(officials,)-174(ranking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(next)-292(to)-292(the)-292(magistrates)-292(of)-293(the)-292(Curia.)-376(They)-292(had)-292(the)-292(right)-292(to)-292(wear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(purple-bordered)-329(toga,)-348(and)-329(to)-328(have)-329(lictors)-329(attending)-329(them)-328(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-336(streets.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.594 3.959 Td [(1237)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.974 -3.959 Td [(Places)-336(of)-336(honour)-335(were)-336(reserved)-336(for)-336(them)-336(at)-335(the)]TJ -69.568 -13.549 Td [(games)-308(and)-309(festivals.)-425(Although)-308(as)-309(a)-308(class)-308(they)-309(were)-308(not)-308(eligible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-264(a)-264(seat)-264(in)-264(the)-263(Curia,)-268(or)-264(for)-263(the)-264(municipal)-264(magistracies,)-268(yet)-263(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(ornamenta)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.269 0 Td [(,)-415(the)-382(external)-383(badges)-382(and)-382(honours)-382(attached)-382(to)-382(these)]TJ -47.269 -13.549 Td [(offices,)-226(were)-219(sometimes)-220(granted)-219(even)-220(to)-219(freedmen)-219(who)-220(had)-219(done)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(service)-407(to)-407(the)-407(community.)-721(Thus)-407(an)-407(Augustal)-407(who)-407(had)-407(paved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-364(road)-363(at)-364(Cales)-363(received)-364(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 130.421 0 Td [(ornamenta)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.235 0 Td [(of)-364(a)-363(decurio.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.307 3.959 Td [(1238)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.882 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(another,)-213(for)-203(his)-204(munificence)-203(to)-204(Pompeii,)-213(by)-203(a)-204(decree)-203(of)-204(the)-203(Curia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-374(awarded)-374(the)-374(use)-375(of)-374(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 128.692 0 Td [(bisellium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.004 0 Td [(,)-405(a)-374(seat)-374(of)-375(honour)-374(which)]TJ -168.696 -13.549 Td [(was)-447(usually)-447(reserved)-447(for)-447(the)-447(highest)-447(dignitaries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.044 3.958 Td [(1239)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.615 -3.958 Td [(But)-447(the)]TJ -246.659 -13.55 Td [(ornaments)-313(and)-314(dignities)-313(of)-314(their)-313(own)-314(particular)-313(college)-313(became)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(objects)-240(of)-240(pride)-239(and)-240(ambition.)-247(Thus)-240(a)-239(man)-240(boasts)-240(of)-240(having)-239(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 26.388 0 Td [(primus)-253(Augustalis)-253(perpetuus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 124.917 0 Td [(,)-254(by)-252(a)-253(decree)-253(of)-253(the)-253(Curia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.887 3.959 Td [(1240)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(A)-181(worthy)-181(of)-182(Brundisium)-181(received)-181(from)-181(the)-182(Curia)-181(a)-181(public)-181(funeral,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([218])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.445 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.549 Td [(1235)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.523 0 Td [(37.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.121 -7.311 Td [(1236)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3787-8;)-250(7103.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(1237)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.311 Td [(1238)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6983.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(1239)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4044,)-250(7094.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1240)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(7112.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1265 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1266 0 R /Resources 1264 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1263 0 R >> endobj 1267 0 obj << /D [1265 0 R /XYZ 311.301 152.347 null] >> endobj 1264 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1270 0 obj << /Length 5276 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(267)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(with)-259(the)-259(ornaments)-259(and)-259(insignia)-259(of)-259(an)-259(Augustal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.764 3.959 Td [(1241)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.462 -3.959 Td [(In)-259(this)-259(way,)]TJ -229.226 -13.549 Td [(in)-222(a)-222(society)-223(highly)-222(conventional,)-228(and)-222(dominated)-222(by)-222(caste)-222(feeling,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-188(order)-187(of)-188(the)-187(Augustales)-188(provided)-187(both)-187(a)-188(stimulus)-187(and)-188(a)-187(reward)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-348(the)-348(public)-348(spirit)-348(of)-348(a)-348(new)-348(class,)-372(powerful)-348(in)-348(its)-348(wealth)-348(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(numbers,)-231(but)-225(generally)-226(encumbered)-225(by)-226(the)-226(heritage)-225(of)-226(a)-225(doubtful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(origin.)-237(It)-209(was)-209(a)-210(great)-209(elevation)-210(for)-209(a)-209(man,)-218(who,)-218(perhaps,)-217(had)-209(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sold)-314(as)-313(a)-314(boy)-313(in)-314(some)-314(Syrian)-313(slave)-314(market)-313(into)-314(the)-313(degradation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-398(a)-398(minion,)-435(and)-397(who)-398(had)-398(emerged,)-435(by)-398(petty)-398(savings)-398(or)-397(base)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(services,)-341(into)-323(the)-323(comparative)-323(freedom)-323(of)-323(a)-323(tainted)-323(or)-322(despised)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(trade,)-368(to)-344(find)-344(himself)-344(at)-344(last)-345(holding)-344(a)-344(conspicuous)-344(rank)-344(in)-344(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(municipality,)-382(and)-355(able)-356(to)-355(purchase)-355(honour)-356(and)-355(deference)-355(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-250(who)-250(had)-250(trampled)-250(on)-250(him)-250(in)-250(his)-250(youth.)]TJ 11.956 -16.944 Td [(The)-428(Augustales)-429(shared)-428(with)-428(the)-428(members)-429(of)-428(the)-428(Curia)-428(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(heavy)-376(burdens)-375(which)-376(public)-375(sentiment)-376(then)-375(imposed)-376(upon)-375(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rich.)-812(Direct)-438(taxation)-437(for)-437(municipal)-438(purposes)-437(was)-438(in)-437(the)-437(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(century)-421(almost)-420(unknown.)-762(The)-421(municipalities)-421(often)-420(possessed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(landed)-333(property,)-353(mines,)-354(or)-332(quarries.)-499(Capua)-332(is)-333(said)-333(to)-333(have)-332(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distant)-381(possessions)-381(in)-381(the)-381(island)-381(of)-381(Crete.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.267 3.959 Td [(1242)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.451 -3.959 Td [(The)-381(towns)-381(also)]TJ -211.718 -13.549 Td [(derived)-372(an)-372(income)-372(from)-372(the)-372(public)-371(baths,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 187.042 3.959 Td [(1243)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.828 -3.959 Td [(from)-372(the)-372(rent)-372(of)]TJ -207.87 -13.549 Td [(shops)-344(and)-345(stalls)-344(in)-344(the)-344(public)-345(places,)-367(from)-345(the)-344(supply)-344(of)-344(water)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-399(private)-400(houses)-399(or)-399(estates,)-437(and)-399(from)-399(port)-399(dues)-400(and)-399(tolls.)-697(A)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(very)-306(considerable)-307(item)-306(of)-306(revenue)-307(must)-306(have)-306(been)-307(found)-306(in)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fee)-427(which)-427(all)-428(decurions,)-471(Augustales,)-472(and)-427(magistrates)-427(paid)-427(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entering)-278(on)-278(their)-277(office)-278(or)-278(dignity.)-333(Since)-278(the)-278(reign)-278(of)-278(Nerva,)-284(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(towns)-263(had)-262(the)-263(right)-262(of)-263(receiving)-263(legacies)-262(and)-263(bequests.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.54 3.959 Td [(1244)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.578 -3.959 Td [(And,)]TJ -259.118 -13.549 Td [(on)-317(the)-317(occurrence)-317(of)-317(any)-317(desolating)-317(calamity,)-334(an)-317(earthquake)-317(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-278(fire,)-285(the)-278(emperor)-277(was)-278(never)-278(slow)-278(or)-278(niggardly)-278(in)-278(giving)-277(relief.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(In)-398(the)-398(year)-397(53)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 69.461 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.317 0 Td [(the)-398(town)-398(of)-397(Bologna)-398(received)-398(an)-398(imperial)]TJ -89.778 -13.549 Td [(subsidy)-269(of)-268(about)-268(\24383,000.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 113.634 3.959 Td [(1245)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.77 -3.959 Td [(The)-268(cities)-269(of)-268(Asia)-269(were)-268(again)-269(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.513 Td [(1241)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(ix.)-250(58.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(1242)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.522 0 Td [(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.121 -7.311 Td [(1243)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(viii.)-250(8,)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.311 Td [(1244)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.522 0 Td [(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.121 -7.394 Td [(1245)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xii.)-250(58.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1269 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1270 0 R /Resources 1268 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1263 0 R >> endobj 1268 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1273 0 obj << /Length 5612 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(268)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(again)-250(relieved)-250(after)-250(desolating)-250(earthquakes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.338 3.959 Td [(1246)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -177.382 -22.013 Td [(With)-404(regard)-404(to)-405(municipal)-404(expenditure,)-443(the)-404(budget)-404(was)-404(free)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(from)-244(many)-244(public)-245(charges)-244(which)-244(burden)-244(our)-244(modern)-244(towns.)-248(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(higher)-169(offices)-169(were)-169(unpaid,)-185(and)-169(in)-169(fact)-169(demanded)-169(large)-169(generosity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-357(their)-357(holders.)-570(The)-357(lower)-357(functions)-357(were)-357(discharged,)-384(to)-356(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([219])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(great)-457(extent,)-508(by)-457(communal)-456(slaves.)-870(The)-457(care)-457(or)-456(construction)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-315(streets,)-331(markets,)-332(and)-315(public)-315(buildings,)-331(although)-315(theoretically)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devolving)-423(on)-423(the)-423(community)-423(through)-423(their)-423(aediles,)-466(was,)-466(as)-423(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(matter)-467(of)-467(fact,)-521(to)-467(an)-467(enormous)-467(extent)-467(undertaken)-467(by)-467(private)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(persons.)-661(The)-388(city)-387(treasury)-387(must)-387(have)-387(often)-387(incurred)-387(a)-387(loss)-387(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(striving)-465(to)-465(provide)-465(corn)-465(and)-465(oil)-465(for)-465(the)-465(citizens)-465(at)-465(a)-465(limited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(price,)-328(and)-312(the)-312(authorities)-313(were)-312(often)-312(reviled,)-328(as)-312(at)-312(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(banquet,)-611(for)-540(not)-539(doing)-539(more)-539(to)-539(cheapen)-539(the)-539(necessaries)-539(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 17.269 3.959 Td [(1247)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.783 -3.959 Td [(Although)-330(our)-330(information)-330(as)-330(to)-330(municipal)-330(expenditure)]TJ -39.052 -13.549 Td [(on)-179(education)-178(and)-179(medical)-178(treatment)-179(is)-178(scanty,)-193(it)-179(is)-178(pretty)-179(clear)-178(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-241(community)-241(was,)-242(in)-241(the)-241(Antonine)-241(age,)-243(beginning)-241(to)-240(recognise)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-433(duty)-434(in)-433(making)-433(provision)-433(for)-434(both.)-800(Vespasian)-433(first)-433(gave)-433(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(public)-413(endowment)-413(to)-413(professors)-413(of)-413(rhetoric)-413(in)-414(the)-413(capital.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1248)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-365(case)-364(of)-365(Como,)-393(described)-365(in)-365(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 171.739 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-365(Letters,)-393(was)-365(probably)]TJ -175.372 -13.549 Td [(not)-370(an)-370(isolated)-370(one.)-610(Finding)-370(that)-370(the)-370(youth)-370(of)-370(that)-369(town)-370(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compelled)-423(to)-423(resort)-423(to)-423(Milan)-422(for)-423(higher)-423(instruction,)-466(Pliny,)-466(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-384(have)-383(seen,)-417(proposed)-383(to)-384(the)-383(parents)-384(to)-383(establish)-384(by)-383(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subscription)-213(a)-213(public)-212(school,)-221(and)-212(he)-213(offered)-213(himself)-213(to)-212(contribute)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one-third)-330(of)-329(the)-330(sum)-329(required)-330(for)-330(the)-329(foundation,)-350(the)-329(rest)-330(to)-329(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provided)-335(by)-335(the)-334(townsfolk,)-356(who)-335(were)-335(to)-335(have)-335(the)-334(management)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-235(selection)-236(of)-235(teachers)-235(in)-235(their)-236(hands.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.422 3.958 Td [(1249)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.112 -3.958 Td [(The)-235(Greek)-236(cities)-235(had)]TJ -190.534 -13.55 Td [(public)-197(physicians)-196(500)-196(years)-197(before)-196(Christ,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.692 3.959 Td [(1250)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.699 -3.959 Td [(and)-196(Marseilles)-197(and)]TJ -199.391 -13.549 Td [(some)-217(of)-218(the)-217(Gallic)-217(towns)-217(in)-217(Strabo)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 149.361 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-217(day)-218(employed)-217(both)-217(teachers)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.472 Td [(1246)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sueton.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.416 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.589 0 Td [(13;)-363(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.661 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.603 0 Td [(ii.)-476(47;)-363(cf.)-476(Nipperdey)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 77.528 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-325(note)-326(referring)-325(to)-325(the)]TJ -200.739 -10.959 Td [(monument)-250(erected)-250(to)-250(Tiberius)-250(in)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 119.289 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.22 0 Td [(30,)-250(at)-250(Puteoli.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -140.248 -7.31 Td [(1247)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(44.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1248)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xviii.)-250(Latinis)-250(Graecisque)-250(rhetoribus)-250(annua)-250(centena)-250(constituit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.034 -7.311 Td [(1249)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iv.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.394 Td [(1250)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodot.)-250(iii.)-250(131.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1272 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1273 0 R /Resources 1271 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1263 0 R >> endobj 1274 0 obj << /D [1272 0 R /XYZ 315.51 459.474 null] >> endobj 1271 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1277 0 obj << /Length 6125 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(269)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-190(doctors)-190(at)-190(the)-190(public)-190(expense.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.582 3.959 Td [(1251)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.948 -3.959 Td [(The)-190(regular)-190(organisation)-190(of)]TJ -163.53 -13.549 Td [(public)-216(medical)-216(attendance)-216(in)-216(the)-216(provinces)-216(dates)-216(from)-216(Antoninus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pius,)-230(who)-224(required)-225(the)-225(towns)-225(of)-224(Asia)-225(to)-225(have)-224(a)-225(certain)-225(number)-224(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physicians)-259(among)-259(their)-260(salaried)-259(officers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 177.03 3.958 Td [(1252)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.466 -3.958 Td [(The)-259(title)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 39.593 0 Td [(Archiater)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.814 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.902 -13.55 Td [(which)-420(in)-421(the)-420(Theodosian)-420(Code)-421(designates)-420(an)-421(official)-420(class)-420(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-413(provinces)-414(as)-413(well)-413(as)-414(at)-413(Rome,)-454(is)-413(found)-414(in)-413(inscriptions)-413(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Beneventum)-280(and)-281(Pisaurum)-280(belonging)-280(to)-281(an)-280(earlier)-280(date.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.706 3.959 Td [(1253)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.16 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.866 -13.549 Td [(these)-202(departments)-203(of)-202(municipal)-202(expenditure)-202(were)-203(hardly)-202(yet)-202(fully)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(organised)-378(in)-378(the)-378(age)-378(of)-378(the)-378(Antonines,)-410(and)-378(were)-378(probably)-378(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(burdensome.)-381(The)-293(great)-294(field)-293(of)-294(expenditure)-294(lay)-293(in)-294(the)-293(basilicas,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temples,)-291(amphitheatres,)-290(baths,)-291(and)-282(pavements,)-291(whose)-282(vanishing)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.023 0 Td [([220])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(remains)-361(give)-362(us)-361(a)-362(glimpse)-361(of)-362(one)-361(of)-362(the)-361(most)-361(brilliant)-362(ages)-361(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(history.)]TJ 11.955 -13.549 Td [(The)-796(municipal)-797(towns)-796(relied)-797(largely)-796(on)-797(the)-796(voluntary)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(munificence)-605(of)-605(their)-605(wealthy)-606(members)-605(for)-605(great)-605(works)-605(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(public)-528(utility)-528(or)-529(splendour.)-1084(But)-528(we)-529(have)-528(many)-528(records)-528(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-431(enterprises)-431(carried)-431(out)-431(at)-431(the)-431(common)-431(expense,)-476(and)-431(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(name)-376(of)-376(a)-375(special)-376(magistracy)-376(\050)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 139.854 0 Td [(curator)-376(operum)-376(publicorum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 124.556 0 Td [(\051)-376(to)]TJ -264.41 -13.549 Td [(superintend)-347(them)-347(meets)-347(us)-347(often)-347(in)-347(the)-347(inscriptions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.24 3.958 Td [(1254)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.338 -3.958 Td [(These)]TJ -254.578 -13.55 Td [(undertakings)-481(were)-482(frequently)-481(on)-482(a)-481(great)-482(scale.)-944(The)-481(famous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bridge)-551(of)-551(Alcantara)-551(was)-551(erected)-551(in)-551(the)-551(reign)-550(of)-551(Trajan)-551(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-416(combined)-417(efforts)-416(of)-416(eleven)-417(municipalities)-416(in)-417(Portugal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.191 3.959 Td [(1255)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.191 -17.508 Td [(In)-606(Bithynia)-606(the)-606(finances)-607(of)-606(some)-606(of)-606(the)-606(great)-606(towns)-606(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-437(so)-438(seriously)-437(disorganised)-437(by)-438(expensive)-437(and)-437(ill-managed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(undertakings)-421(that)-420(the)-421(younger)-421(Pliny)-420(was)-421(in)-421(the)-420(year)-421(111)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 264.651 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.651 -13.55 Td [(sent)-256(as)-256(imperial)-257(legate)-256(by)-256(Trajan)-256(to)-257(repair)-256(the)-256(misgovernment)-256(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-269(province.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.167 3.959 Td [(1256)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.799 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-269(correspondence)-270(throws)-269(a)-269(flood)-270(of)-269(light)]TJ -103.639 -13.549 Td [(on)-381(many)-381(points)-380(of)-381(municipal)-381(administration,)-414(and)-380(foreshadows)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.823 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.926 Td [(1251)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Strab.)-337(iv.)-337(c.)-337(i.)-337(5)-279(\050181\051,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 84.642 0 Td [(\303\277\306\271\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.249 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-279(\263\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.884 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.047 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\277\264\255\307\277\275\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.312 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.746 0 Td [(\272\277\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.22 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.289 0 Td [(\274\271\303\270\277\315\274\265\275\277\271)]TJ -235.143 -10.958 Td [(\272\261\270\254\300\265\301)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.751 0 Td [(v)-250(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.514 0 Td [(\261\304\301\277\315\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.518 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.523 -7.395 Td [(1252)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(ii.)-250(777.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.522 -7.394 Td [(1253)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3994,)-250(4017.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1254)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3716,)-250(6709,)-250(7146.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(1255)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(116;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.145 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(pp.)-250(89-96.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -138.987 -7.394 Td [(1256)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.135 0 Td [(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1276 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1277 0 R /Resources 1275 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1263 0 R >> endobj 1278 0 obj << /D [1276 0 R /XYZ 284.976 382.683 null] >> endobj 1275 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1281 0 obj << /Length 5455 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(270)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(its)-373(coming)-373(decay.)-619(The)-373(cities)-373(appear)-373(to)-373(have)-373(ample)-373(funds,)-403(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-321(are)-321(grossly)-322(mismanaged.)-463(There)-322(is)-321(plenty)-321(of)-321(public)-321(money)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seeking)-219(investment,)-226(but)-219(borrowers)-219(cannot)-219(be)-220(found)-219(at)-219(the)-219(current)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rate)-336(of)-336(12)-336(per)-336(cent.)-508(Pliny)-336(would)-336(have)-336(been)-336(inclined)-336(to)-335(compel)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-324(decurions)-324(to)-324(become)-324(debtors)-324(of)-323(the)-324(state,)-343(but)-324(Trajan)-323(orders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-425(rate)-425(of)-424(interest)-425(to)-425(be)-425(put)-424(low)-425(enough)-425(to)-425(attract)-424(voluntary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(borrowers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.953 3.959 Td [(1257)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.231 -3.959 Td [(Apamea,)-291(although)-282(it)-283(had)-282(the)-283(ancient)-282(privilege)-283(of)]TJ -67.184 -13.549 Td [(managing)-275(its)-274(own)-275(affairs,)-281(requested)-274(Pliny)-275(to)-274(examine)-275(the)-274(public)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accounts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.898 3.958 Td [(1258)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.648 -3.958 Td [(He)-295(did)-296(the)-295(same)-295(for)-295(Prusa,)-307(and)-295(found)-295(many)-296(signs)]TJ -61.546 -13.55 Td [(of)-430(loose)-430(and)-431(reckless)-430(finance,)-475(and)-430(probable)-431(malversation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1259)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Nicaea)-275(had)-274(spent)-275(\24380,000)-274(on)-275(a)-274(theatre,)-281(which,)-280(from)-275(some)-274(faults)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(either)-261(in)-261(the)-261(materials)-261(or)-261(the)-262(foundation,)-263(was)-262(settling,)-263(with)-261(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fissures)-250(in)-250(the)-250(walls.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 89.083 3.959 Td [(1260)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.165 -3.959 Td [(The)-250(city)-250(had)-250(also)-250(expended)-250(a)-250(large)-250(sum)]TJ -108.248 -13.549 Td [(in)-236(rebuilding)-236(its)-237(gymnasium)-236(on)-236(a)-236(sumptuous)-236(scale,)-239(but)-236(the)-236(fabric)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-368(been)-368(condemned)-367(by)-368(a)-368(new)-367(architect)-368(for)-368(radical)-368(defects)-367(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(structure.)-317(Nicomedia)-273(has)-272(squandered)-272(\24340,000)-273(on)-272(two)-272(aqueducts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-157(have)-157(either)-157(fallen)-156(or)-157(been)-157(abandoned.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 186.873 3.959 Td [(1261)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.826 -3.959 Td [(In)-157(authorising)-157(the)]TJ -205.699 -13.549 Td [(construction)-192(of)-192(a)-192(third)-192(the)-192(emperor)-192(might)-192(well)-192(emphatically)-192(order)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-273(responsibility)-273(for)-273(such)-272(blunders)-273(to)-273(be)-273(fastened)-273(on)-273(the)-272(proper)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(persons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.055 3.959 Td [(1262)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.469 -3.959 Td [(In)-290(the)-290(same)-289(city,)-300(when)-290(a)-290(fire)-290(of)-289(a)-290(most)-290(devastating)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -129.279 0 Td [([221])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(kind)-436(had)-436(recently)-436(occurred,)-483(there)-436(was)-436(no)-436(engine,)-482(not)-436(even)-436(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bucket)-247(ready,)-247(and)-247(the)-246(inhabitants)-247(stood)-247(idly)-246(by)-247(as)-247(spectators.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1263)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Pliny)-292(was)-292(most)-292(assiduous)-292(in)-292(devising)-292(or)-292(promoting)-291(engineering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(improvements)-366(for)-365(the)-366(health)-365(and)-366(convenience)-365(of)-366(the)-365(province,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-293(often)-292(called)-293(for)-292(expert)-293(assistance)-292(from)-293(Rome.)-377(Irregularities)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-400(the)-401(working)-400(of)-400(the)-401(civic)-400(constitutions)-400(also)-401(gave)-400(him)-400(much)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trouble.)-644(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 61.783 0 Td [(ecdicus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.876 0 Td [(or)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 13.247 0 Td [(defensor)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.731 0 Td [(has)-381(demanded)-382(repayment)-381(of)]TJ -153.637 -13.549 Td [(a)-321(largess)-321(made)-321(to)-322(one)-321(Julius)-321(Piso)-321(from)-321(the)-321(treasury)-321(of)-321(Amisus,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.732 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.836 Td [(1257)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(54,)-250(55,)-250(23.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1258)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(47.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1259)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1260)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1261)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(37.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1262)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.135 0 Td [(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.767 -7.311 Td [(1263)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(33.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1280 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1281 0 R /Resources 1279 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1263 0 R >> endobj 1282 0 obj << /D [1280 0 R /XYZ 93.543 260.74 null] >> endobj 1279 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1285 0 obj << /Length 5645 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(271)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-303(the)-304(decrees)-303(of)-303(Trajan)-304(now)-303(forbade.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.94 3.959 Td [(1264)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.91 -3.959 Td [(Just)-303(as)-304(Pliny)-303(had)]TJ -205.85 -13.549 Td [(suggested)-384(that)-384(members)-384(of)-385(a)-384(curia)-384(should)-384(be)-384(forced)-384(to)-384(accept)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(loans)-309(from)-309(the)-309(State,)-324(so)-309(we)-309(can)-309(see)-309(ominous)-309(signs)-309(of)-309(a)-309(wish)-309(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compel)-198(men)-198(to)-198(accept)-197(the)-198(curial)-198(dignity)-198(beyond)-198(the)-198(legal)-197(number,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-352(order)-353(to)-352(secure)-353(the)-352(honorarium)-352(of)-353(from)-352(\24335)-352(to)-353(\24370)-352(on)-352(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(admission.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.975 3.959 Td [(1265)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.369 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 21.425 0 Td [(Lex)-409(Pompeia)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 58.996 0 Td [(,)-449(which)-409(forbade)-409(a)-409(Bithynian)]TJ -151.764 -13.549 Td [(municipality)-354(to)-355(admit)-354(to)-355(citizenship)-354(men)-355(from)-354(other)-354(Bithynian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(states,)-456(had)-414(long)-415(been)-415(ignored,)-455(and)-415(in)-415(numbers)-414(of)-415(cities)-414(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-417(many)-417(sitting)-417(in)-417(the)-417(senate)-417(in)-417(violation)-417(of)-417(the)-417(law.)-751(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Pompeian)-268(law)-268(also)-269(required)-268(that)-268(a)-268(man)-268(should)-269(be)-268(thirty)-268(years)-268(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-380(when)-381(he)-380(was)-380(elected)-380(to)-381(a)-380(magistracy)-380(or)-381(took)-380(his)-380(place)-380(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-343(Curia,)-367(but)-344(a)-343(law)-343(of)-344(Augustus)-343(had)-344(reduced)-343(the)-344(limit)-343(for)-343(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minor)-271(magistracies)-271(to)-271(twenty-two.)-313(Here)-271(was)-271(a)-270(chance)-271(of)-271(adding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-319(the)-318(strength)-319(of)-319(the)-318(Curia)-319(which)-319(was)-318(seized)-319(by)-319(the)-318(municipal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(censors.)-559(And)-353(if)-353(a)-353(minor)-353(magistrate)-353(might)-353(enter)-353(the)-353(Curia)-353(as)-353(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(matter)-328(of)-328(course)-328(at)-328(twenty-two,)-347(why)-329(not)-328(others)-328(equally)-328(fit?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.191 3.959 Td [(1266)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.191 -17.508 Td [(In)-395(another)-395(typical)-395(case)-396(the)-395(legate)-395(was)-395(disturbed)-395(by)-395(the)-395(lavish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hospitality)-354(of)-354(leading)-354(citizens.)-561(On)-354(the)-354(assumption)-354(of)-354(the)-353(toga,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-393(a)-393(wedding,)-429(or)-393(an)-394(election)-393(to)-393(civic)-393(office,)-429(or)-393(the)-393(dedication)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-355(a)-356(public)-355(work,)-382(not)-355(only)-355(the)-356(whole)-355(of)-356(the)-355(Curia,)-382(but)-355(a)-355(large)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(number)-302(of)-302(the)-302(common)-303(people,)-315(were)-302(often)-302(invited)-302(to)-302(a)-302(banquet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-247(received)-247(from)-247(their)-247(host)-247(one)-247(or)-247(two)-247(denarii)-248(apiece.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.434 3.959 Td [(1267)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.155 -3.959 Td [(Pliny)]TJ -257.589 -13.549 Td [(was)-331(probably)-331(unnecessarily)-331(alarmed.)-493(The)-331(inscriptions)-330(show)-331(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-334(same)-334(scenes)-334(all)-334(over)-334(the)-334(Empire,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.556 3.959 Td [(1268)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.312 -3.959 Td [(and)-334(the)-334(emperor)-334(with)]TJ -184.868 -13.549 Td [(calm)-365(dignity)-364(leaves)-365(the)-365(question)-365(of)-364(such)-365(entertainments)-365(to)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(prudence)-250(of)-250(his)-250(lieutenant.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.023 0 Td [([222])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -13.549 Td [(There)-287(are)-288(many)-287(religious)-287(questions)-288(submitted)-287(to)-287(the)-288(emperor)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(in)-375(these)-376(celebrated)-375(despatches,)-407(especially)-376(those)-375(relating)-376(to)-375(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.431 Td [(1264)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(110;)-250(cf.)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.538 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.378 0 Td [(i.)-250(522.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -112.563 -7.394 Td [(1265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.135 0 Td [(112,)-250(114,)-250(116.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.767 -7.311 Td [(1266)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(79.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1267)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(116.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1268)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-639(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.009 0 Td [(7001;)-445(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.809 0 Td [(Cena)-380(Trim.)-639(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.342 0 Td [(53;)-445(corruption,)-412(however,)-412(by)]TJ -176.115 -10.959 Td [(means)-272(of)-272(hospitality)-272(is)-273(expressly)-272(forbidden)-272(by)-272(the)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 182.395 0 Td [(Lex)-272(Urson.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.486 0 Td [(\247)-272(132;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.405 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.116 0 Td [(ii.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -273.402 -10.959 Td [(Suppl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.908 0 Td [(p.)-250(852.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1284 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1285 0 R /Resources 1283 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1287 0 R >> endobj 1286 0 obj << /D [1284 0 R /XYZ 46.771 177.078 null] >> endobj 1283 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1290 0 obj << /Length 5932 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(272)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(toleration)-190(of)-190(Christians.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 102.02 3.959 Td [(1269)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.947 -3.959 Td [(But,)-202(however)-190(profoundly)-190(interesting,)]TJ -120.967 -13.549 Td [(they)-150(lie)-151(beyond)-150(the)-150(scope)-150(of)-150(this)-151(chapter.)-216(We)-151(are)-150(occupied)-150(with)-150(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(secular)-218(life)-219(of)-218(the)-219(provincial)-218(town.)-239(And)-219(the)-218(Letters)-219(of)-218(Pliny)-218(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-234(things)-235(in)-234(a)-235(clear)-234(light.)-245(In)-235(the)-234(first)-235(place,)-237(the)-235(state)-234(has)-234(begun)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-329(the)-329(reign)-329(of)-329(Trajan)-329(to)-329(control)-329(the)-330(municipality,)-348(especially)-329(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-288(management)-287(of)-288(its)-287(finances;)-307(but)-287(the)-288(control)-287(is)-288(rather)-287(invited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-449(imposed.)-846(At)-448(any)-449(rate,)-498(it)-449(has)-449(become)-448(necessary,)-498(owing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-404(malversation)-404(or)-405(incompetence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.475 3.959 Td [(1270)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.211 -3.959 Td [(Nothing)-404(could)-404(be)-405(more)]TJ -174.686 -13.549 Td [(striking)-248(than)-247(the)-248(contrast)-247(between)-247(the)-248(civic)-247(bungling)-248(exposed)-247(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Pliny,)-259(and)-257(the)-257(clear,)-259(patient)-257(wisdom)-257(of)-257(the)-257(distant)-257(emperor.)-271(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-284(another)-284(point)-284(we)-284(can)-284(see)-284(that)-284(the)-284(municipalities)-284(have)-284(entered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-371(that)-371(disastrous)-370(decline)-371(which)-371(was)-371(to)-371(end)-370(in)-371(the)-371(ruin)-371(of)-370(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fifth)-218(century.)-239(Wasteful)-218(finance)-217(is)-218(already)-218(making)-217(its)-218(pressure)-217(felt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-230(the)-230(members)-230(of)-229(the)-230(Curia,)-234(and)-230(membership)-230(is)-230(beginning)-230(to)-229(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(thought)-224(a)-224(burden)-223(rather)-224(than)-224(an)-224(honour.)-241(From)-224(the)-224(reign)-224(of)-223(Trajan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-316(begin)-316(to)-315(hear)-316(of)-316(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 107.311 0 Td [(Curatores)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.247 0 Td [(,)-332(who)-316(were)-316(imperial)-316(officers,)]TJ -151.558 -13.549 Td [(appointed)-281(at)-280(first)-281(to)-280(meet)-281(a)-280(special)-281(emergency,)-288(but)-281(who)-280(became)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(permanent)-388(magistrates,)-422(with)-388(immense)-387(powers,)-423(especially)-387(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(finance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.833 3.958 Td [(1271)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.01 -3.958 Td [(The)-207(free)-207(civic)-207(life)-207(of)-207(the)-207(first)-208(century)-207(is)-207(being)-207(quietly)]TJ -53.843 -13.55 Td [(drawn)-250(under)-250(the)-250(fatal)-250(spell)-250(of)-250(a)-250(bureaucratic)-250(despotism.)]TJ 11.955 -13.549 Td [(The)-669(cities)-669(did)-669(much)-668(for)-669(themselves)-669(out)-669(of)-669(the)-669(public)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(revenues.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.498 3.959 Td [(1272)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.525 -3.959 Td [(But)-414(there)-414(are)-413(many)-414(signs)-414(that)-414(private)-413(ambition)]TJ -66.023 -13.549 Td [(or)-382(munificence)-382(did)-382(even)-382(more.)-646(The)-382(stone)-382(records)-382(of)-381(Pompeii)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confirm)-457(these)-456(indications)-456(in)-457(a)-456(remarkable)-457(way.)-869(Pompeii,)-508(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spite)-348(of)-348(the)-348(prominence)-348(given)-348(to)-347(it)-348(by)-348(its)-348(tragic)-348(fate,)-373(was)-347(only)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-335(third-rate)-334(town,)-356(with)-334(a)-335(population)-334(probably)-335(of)-334(not)-335(more)-334(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(20,000.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.727 3.959 Td [(1273)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.087 -3.959 Td [(Its)-462(remains,)-514(indeed,)-514(leave)-462(the)-461(impression)-462(that)-461(a)]TJ -58.814 -13.549 Td [(considerable)-412(class)-411(were)-412(in)-412(easy)-411(circumstances;)-493(but)-411(it)-412(may)-411(be)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.16 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.347 Td [(1269)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.135 0 Td [(96.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.767 -7.31 Td [(1270)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.523 0 Td [(33;)-250(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.074 0 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(pp.)-250(246-7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -165.626 -7.311 Td [(1271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(The)-304(different)-304(classes)-303(of)-304(Curatores,)-317(which)-304(must)-304(be)-304(carefully)-304(distinguished,)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(are)-339(clearly)-340(given)-339(by)-339(Arnold,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 107.289 0 Td [(Prov.)-518(Admin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.01 0 Td [(236.)-518(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.185 0 Td [(Or.)-518(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.555 0 Td [(3899,)-362(3902,)]TJ -237.039 -10.959 Td [(3989.)-250(For)-250(a)-250(good)-250(example)-250(of)-250(the)-250(function)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Curator,)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 217.399 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(3787.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -234.583 -7.31 Td [(1272)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(For)-250(the)-250(sources)-250(of)-250(these,)-250(cf.)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 125 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.377 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(96.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -172.072 -7.311 Td [(1273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.127 0 Td [(\050Eng.)-250(Tr.\051,)-250(p.)-250(16.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1289 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1290 0 R /Resources 1288 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1287 0 R >> endobj 1288 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1293 0 obj << /Length 4965 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(273)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(doubted)-417(whether)-418(Pompeii)-417(could)-417(boast)-418(of)-417(any)-417(great)-417(capitalists)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-202(its)-202(citizens.)-235(Its)-202(harbour,)-211(at)-203(the)-202(mouth)-202(of)-202(the)-202(Sarno,)-212(was)-202(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(outlet)-209(for)-209(the)-210(trade)-209(of)-209(Nola)-209(and)-209(Nuceria.)-237(There)-209(were)-209(salt)-209(works)-209(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([223])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(a)-190(suburb)-189(near)-190(the)-189(sea.)-230(The)-189(fish)-190(sauces)-189(of)-190(Umbricius)-189(Scaurus)-190(had)-189(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-241(celebrity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.337 3.959 Td [(1274)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.133 -3.959 Td [(The)-241(vine)-241(and)-242(the)-241(olive)-241(were)-241(cultivated)-241(on)-241(the)]TJ -84.47 -13.549 Td [(volcanic)-318(offshoot)-317(from)-318(Vesuvius;)-352(but)-318(the)-317(wine)-318(of)-318(Pompeii)-317(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(said)-230(by)-230(the)-229(elder)-230(Pliny)-230(to)-230(leave)-230(a)-229(lingering)-230(headache.)-243(Mill-stones)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-299(made)-300(from)-299(the)-300(lava)-299(of)-300(the)-299(volcano.)-399(The)-299(market)-299(gardeners)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drove)-515(a)-515(flourishing)-515(trade,)-581(and)-515(the)-515(cabbage)-515(of)-515(Pompeii)-515(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(celebrated.)-260(On)-254(the)-253(high)-254(ground)-253(towards)-254(Vesuvius)-253(many)-253(wealthy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Romans,)-296(Cicero,)-295(and)-287(Drusus,)-295(the)-287(son)-286(of)-286(Claudius,)-296(built)-286(country)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seats,)-400(in)-370(that)-370(delicious)-369(climate)-370(where)-370(the)-370(winters)-370(are)-370(so)-369(short,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-365(the)-365(summer)-366(heats)-365(are)-365(tempered)-365(by)-365(unfailing)-365(breezes)-365(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-236(mountains)-235(or)-236(the)-235(western)-236(sea.)-245(All)-236(these)-235(things)-236(made)-235(Pompeii)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-367(thriving)-367(and)-368(attractive)-367(place;)-426(yet)-367(its)-367(trade)-367(hardly)-367(offered)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chance)-212(of)-212(the)-212(huge)-212(fortunes)-212(which)-212(could)-212(be)-212(accumulated)-212(in)-211(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(days)-250(at)-250(Puteoli)-250(or)-250(Ostia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.542 3.959 Td [(1275)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -92.586 -18.825 Td [(Nevertheless,)-645(a)-565(large)-566(number)-566(of)-565(the)-566(public)-566(buildings)-565(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Pompeii)-402(were)-402(the)-402(gift)-403(of)-402(private)-402(citizens.)-706(The)-402(Holconii)-402(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-535(great)-534(family)-535(of)-535(the)-534(place)-535(in)-535(the)-534(reign)-535(of)-535(Augustus.)-1103(M.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Holconius)-456(Rufus)-456(had)-456(been)-456(ordinary)-456(duumvir)-456(five)-456(times,)-507(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(twice)-438(quinquennial)-438(duumvir;)-531(he)-438(was)-438(priest)-438(of)-438(Augustus,)-484(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(finally)-422(was)-421(elected)-422(patron)-421(of)-422(the)-421(town.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.768 3.959 Td [(1276)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.779 -3.959 Td [(Such)-421(dignities)-422(in)]TJ -203.547 -13.549 Td [(those)-276(days)-275(imposed)-276(a)-275(corresponding)-276(burden.)-326(And)-276(an)-275(inscription)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tells)-243(that,)-244(on)-243(the)-242(rebuilding)-243(of)-243(the)-242(great)-243(theatre,)-244(probably)-243(about)-242(3)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-243(Holconius)-241(Rufus)-241(and)-241(Holconius)-241(Celer)-241(defrayed)-242(the)-241(expense)]TJ -15.074 -13.55 Td [(of)-219(the)-220(crypt,)-225(the)-219(tribunals,)-226(and)-219(the)-219(whole)-220(space)-219(for)-219(the)-219(spectators.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Women)-423(did)-424(not)-423(fall)-424(behind)-423(men)-423(in)-424(their)-423(public)-423(benefactions.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(On)-311(the)-310(eastern)-311(side)-311(of)-310(the)-311(forum)-310(of)-311(Pompeii)-311(there)-310(is)-311(a)-310(building)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-375(enclosure,)-405(with)-375(the)-375(remains)-374(of)-375(porticoes,)-406(colonnades,)-405(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fountains,)-280(which)-273(are)-274(supposed)-274(to)-273(have)-274(been)-274(a)-273(cloth)-274(market.)-321(In)-273(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.086 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.274 Td [(1274)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.127 0 Td [(\050Eng.)-250(Tr.\051,)-250(p.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.74 -7.394 Td [(1275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.311 Td [(1276)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)-250(p.)-250(143.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1292 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1293 0 R /Resources 1291 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1287 0 R >> endobj 1294 0 obj << /D [1292 0 R /XYZ 221.335 491.077 null] >> endobj 1291 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1297 0 obj << /Length 5250 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(274)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(niche)-280(stood)-281(a)-280(marble)-281(statue,)-288(dedicated)-280(by)-280(the)-281(fullers)-280(of)-280(Pompeii)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-310(Eumachia,)-324(a)-310(priestess)-309(of)-310(the)-309(city.)-429(And)-309(Eumachia)-310(herself)-309(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(left)-231(a)-232(record)-231(that)-232(she)-231(and)-232(her)-231(son)-231(had)-232(erected)-231(the)-232(building)-231(at)-231(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(own)-308(expense.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.014 3.958 Td [(1277)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.072 -3.958 Td [(The)-308(dedication)-309(probably)-308(belongs)-308(to)-308(the)-309(reign)]TJ -81.086 -13.55 Td [(of)-262(Tiberius.)-287(The)-262(visitor)-262(who)-262(leaves)-262(the)-263(forum)-262(by)-262(the)-262(arch,)-265(at)-262(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(north-east)-232(corner,)-236(and)-232(turns)-232(into)-232(the)-232(broadest)-231(thoroughfare)-232(of)-232(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(town,)-233(soon)-228(reaches)-228(the)-228(small)-228(temple)-229(of)-228(Fortuna)-228(Augusta,)-232(erected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-256(the)-257(reign)-256(of)-256(Augustus.)-269(Both)-256(the)-256(site)-256(and)-257(the)-256(building)-256(were)-256(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([224])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(gift)-369(of)-368(one)-369(M.)-368(Tullius,)-398(who)-369(had,)-398(like)-368(M.)-369(Holconius,)-398(borne)-368(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-303(honours)-302(which)-303(the)-303(city)-302(could)-303(bestow.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.519 3.959 Td [(1278)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.889 -3.959 Td [(The)-303(amphitheatre)]TJ -203.408 -13.549 Td [(in)-488(the)-487(south-east)-488(corner)-488(of)-487(the)-488(town,)-547(the)-488(scene)-487(of)-488(so)-487(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gladiatorial)-247(combats)-248(recorded)-247(in)-247(the)-248(inscriptions,)-248(was)-247(erected)-247(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(two)-353(men)-354(of)-353(the)-354(highest)-353(official)-354(rank,)-379(C.)-354(Quinctius)-353(Valgus)-353(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(M.)-260(Porcius,)-262(probably)-259(the)-260(same)-259(men)-260(who)-260(bore)-259(at)-260(least)-259(part)-260(of)-259(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cost)-326(of)-327(the)-326(smaller)-326(theatre)-327(of)-326(Pompeii.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.336 3.959 Td [(1279)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.663 -3.959 Td [(The)-326(last)-327(instance)-326(of)]TJ -192.999 -13.549 Td [(this)-289(generous)-290(public)-289(spirit)-289(which)-289(we)-289(shall)-290(mention)-289(is)-289(of)-289(interest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-438(many)-438(ways.)-813(It)-438(is)-438(well)-438(known)-438(that)-438(in)-437(the)-438(year)-438(63)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 249.577 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.755 0 Td [(an)]TJ -270.332 -13.549 Td [(earthquake)-274(overthrew)-274(many)-274(buildings,)-280(and)-274(wrought)-274(great)-274(havoc)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-238(Pompeii.)-246(Among)-239(other)-238(edifices,)-241(the)-238(temple)-238(of)-239(Isis)-238(was)-238(thrown)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(down.)-707(The)-403(temple,)-440(of)-403(which)-402(we)-403(can)-402(now)-403(study)-402(the)-402(remains,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-298(been)-298(built)-298(by)-298(a)-298(boy)-298(of)-298(six)-298(years)-298(of)-298(age,)-310(Numerius)-298(Popidius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Celsinus,)-344(who,)-344(in)-326(acknowledgment)-325(of)-326(his)-325(own,)-344(or)-326(rather)-325(of)-325(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(father)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.44 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-302(liberality,)-316(was)-302(at)-302(that)-303(unripe)-302(age)-302(co-opted)-303(a)-302(member)-302(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -29.073 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-411(splendid)-410(order.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.006 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.958 Td [(1280)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.918 -3.958 Td [(This)-411(mode)-410(of)-411(rewarding)-410(a)-411(father)-411(by)]TJ -115.612 -13.55 Td [(advancing)-223(his)-222(infant)-223(son)-223(to)-222(premature)-223(honours)-223(is)-222(not)-223(unknown)-222(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-250(inscriptions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.786 3.959 Td [(1281)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -66.831 -20.943 Td [(The)-410(literature)-410(of)-410(the)-410(age)-410(contains)-410(many)-410(records)-411(of)-410(profuse)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(private)-218(liberality)-219(of)-218(the)-218(same)-219(kind.)-239(The)-218(circle)-219(and)-218(family)-218(of)-218(Pliny)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were,)-401(as)-370(we)-370(have)-371(seen)-370(in)-371(this,)-400(as)-371(in)-370(other)-370(respects,)-401(models)-370(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(1277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(p.)-250(111.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1278)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)-250(p.)-250(124.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1279)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(pp.)-250(147,)-250(206.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1280)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(p.)-250(164.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1281)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7008,)-250(7010.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1296 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1297 0 R /Resources 1295 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1287 0 R >> endobj 1298 0 obj << /D [1296 0 R /XYZ 360.842 423.331 null] >> endobj 1295 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1301 0 obj << /Length 5552 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(275)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-338(best)-337(sentiment)-338(of)-337(the)-338(time.)-513(Pliny)-337(was)-338(not)-338(a)-337(very)-338(rich)-337(man,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(according)-292(to)-291(the)-292(standard)-292(of)-291(an)-292(age)-292(of)-292(colossal)-291(fortunes;)-313(yet)-291(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benefactions,)-341(both)-322(to)-323(private)-323(friends)-322(and)-323(to)-322(the)-323(communities)-322(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-258(he)-258(was)-259(interested,)-260(were)-258(on)-258(the)-259(scale)-258(of)-258(the)-258(largest)-258(wealth.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(It)-309(has)-308(been)-309(calculated)-309(that)-308(he)-309(must)-309(have)-308(altogether)-309(given)-309(to)-308(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(early)-380(home)-379(and)-379(fatherland,)-412(as)-380(he)-379(calls)-380(it,)-412(a)-379(sum)-380(of)-379(more)-379(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(\24380,000;)-444(and)-379(the)-380(gifts)-379(were)-379(of)-380(a)-379(thoroughly)-379(practical)-379(kind)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 264.877 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(a)]TJ -275.787 -13.549 Td [(library,)-474(a)-429(school)-429(endowment,)-474(a)-429(foundation)-429(for)-429(the)-429(nurture)-429(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poor)-365(children,)-393(a)-365(temple)-364(of)-365(Ceres,)-393(with)-365(spacious)-365(colonnades)-364(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shelter)-274(the)-274(traders)-273(who)-274(came)-274(for)-273(the)-274(great)-274(fair.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.519 3.959 Td [(1282)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.943 -3.959 Td [(A)-274(great)-273(lady,)]TJ -223.462 -13.549 Td [(Ummidia)-301(Quadratilla,)-314(known)-301(to)-301(us)-301(not)-301(altogether)-301(favourably)-301(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-256(letters,)-258(built)-257(a)-256(temple)-256(and)-257(amphitheatre)-256(for)-257(Casinum.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.519 3.959 Td [(1283)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(From)-550(the)-550(elder)-550(Pliny)-549(we)-550(learn)-550(that)-550(the)-550(distinguished)-549(court)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physicians,)-308(the)-296(two)-296(Stertinii,)-308(whose)-296(professional)-296(income)-296(is)-296(said)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-432(have)-433(ranged)-432(from)-432(\2432000)-432(to)-433(\2435000)-432(a)-432(year,)-478(exhausted)-432(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ample)-429(fortune)-429(in)-429(their)-429(benefactions)-429(to)-429(the)-429(city)-429(of)-429(Naples.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1284)]TJ 26.832 -3.959 Td [([225])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(A)-426(private)-426(citizen)-425(bore)-426(the)-426(cost)-426(of)-426(an)-426(aqueduct)-426(for)-425(Bordeaux,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-472(an)-473(expenditure)-472(of)-472(\243160,000.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.011 3.959 Td [(1285)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.442 -3.959 Td [(Another)-472(benefactor,)-528(one)]TJ -169.453 -13.549 Td [(Crinas,)-448(spent)-408(perhaps)-408(\24380,000)-408(on)-408(the)-408(walls)-408(of)-408(Marseilles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1286)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-216(grandfather)-216(of)-217(Dion)-216(Chrysostom)-216(devoted)-216(his)-216(entire)-216(ancestral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortune)-401(to)-400(public)-401(objects.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.007 3.959 Td [(1287)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.092 -3.959 Td [(Dion,)-438(himself,)-438(according)-401(to)-400(his)]TJ -138.099 -13.549 Td [(means,)-253(followed)-253(the)-253(example)-252(of)-253(his)-253(ancestor.)-258(The)-252(site)-253(alone)-253(of)-252(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colonnade,)-280(with)-274(shops)-274(and)-274(booths,)-280(which)-274(he)-274(presented)-274(to)-273(Prusa,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cost)-311(about)-311(\2431800.)-434(When)-311(Cremona)-311(was)-311(destroyed)-311(by)-311(the)-311(troops)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-376(Vespasian)-376(in)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 74.718 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.08 0 Td [(69,)-408(its)-376(temples)-376(and)-376(forums)-376(were)-376(restored)]TJ -94.798 -13.549 Td [(by)-305(the)-305(generous)-305(zeal)-306(of)-305(private)-305(citizens,)-319(after)-305(all)-305(the)-305(horror)-305(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exhaustion)-250(of)-250(that)-250(awful)-250(conflict.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.524 3.959 Td [(1288)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -132.568 -17.508 Td [(But)-286(the)-285(prince)-286(of)-285(public)-286(benefactors)-285(in)-286(the)-285(Antonine)-286(age)-285(was)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.565 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.752 Td [(1282)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(396.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1283)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(781.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1284)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(xxix.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.052 -7.394 Td [(1285)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(396.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1286)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(l.c.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -33.632 -7.31 Td [(1287)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(46)-250(\050519\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.311 Td [(1288)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iii.)-250(34,)-250(reposita)-250(fora)-250(templaque)-250(munificentia)-250(municipum.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1300 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1301 0 R /Resources 1299 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1287 0 R >> endobj 1302 0 obj << /D [1300 0 R /XYZ 295.59 477.528 null] >> endobj 1303 0 obj << /D [1300 0 R /XYZ 225.121 314.937 null] >> endobj 1299 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1306 0 obj << /Length 5364 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(276)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-485(great)-485(sophist)-484(Herodes)-485(Atticus,)-543(the)-485(tutor)-485(of)-485(M.)-484(Aurelius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-379(died)-379(in)-379(the)-379(same)-378(year)-379(as)-379(his)-379(pupil,)-411(180)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 205.605 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.111 0 Td [(He)-379(acted)-379(up)]TJ -225.716 -13.549 Td [(to)-399(his)-398(theory)-399(of)-399(the)-399(uses)-398(of)-399(wealth)-399(on)-398(a)-399(scale)-399(of)-398(unexampled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(munificence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.651 3.958 Td [(1289)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.259 -3.958 Td [(His)-467(family)-466(was)-467(of)-467(high)-467(rank,)-521(and)-466(claimed)]TJ -82.91 -13.55 Td [(descent)-276(from)-276(the)-276(Aeacidae)-277(of)-276(Aegina.)-328(They)-276(had)-276(also)-276(apparently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inexhaustible)-201(resources.)-233(His)-201(father)-201(spent)-201(a)-201(sum)-201(of)-201(nearly)-200(\24340,000)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-384(supplementing)-384(an)-384(imperial)-383(grant)-384(for)-384(the)-384(supply)-384(of)-384(water)-383(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-276(Troad.)-329(The)-276(munificence)-276(of)-276(the)-277(son)-276(was)-276(extended)-276(to)-276(cities)-276(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Italy,)-251(as)-250(well)-250(as)-251(to)-250(Corinth,)-251(Thessaly,)-250(Euboea,)-250(Boeotia,)-251(Elis,)-250(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pre-eminently)-261(to)-260(Athens.)-282(He)-261(gave)-261(an)-260(aqueduct)-261(to)-261(Canusium)-260(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Olympia,)-240(a)-237(racecourse)-237(to)-237(Delphi,)-240(a)-237(roofed)-237(theatre)-237(to)-238(Corinth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1290)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(He)-285(provided)-284(sulphur)-285(baths)-284(at)-285(Thermopylae)-285(for)-284(the)-285(visitors)-284(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Thessaly)-417(and)-417(the)-418(shores)-417(of)-417(the)-417(Maliac)-417(gulf.)-752(He)-417(aided)-417(in)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(restoration)-537(of)-537(Oricum)-537(in)-537(Epirus,)-609(and)-537(liberally)-536(recruited)-537(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(resources)-382(of)-382(many)-383(another)-382(decaying)-382(town)-382(in)-383(Greece.)-646(He)-382(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certainly)-205(benevolent,)-215(but)-205(he)-205(had)-206(also)-205(a)-205(passion)-206(for)-205(splendid)-205(fame,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-179(cherished)-178(an)-179(ambition)-179(to)-178(realise)-179(the)-179(dream)-178(of)-179(Nero,)-193(by)-178(cutting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-292(canal)-292(across)-292(the)-292(Corinthian)-292(Isthmus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.323 3.959 Td [(1291)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.537 -3.959 Td [(But)-292(Attica,)-302(where)-292(he)]TJ -188.86 -13.549 Td [(was)-264(born,)-267(and)-264(where)-264(he)-264(had)-264(a)-264(princely)-264(house)-264(on)-264(the)-264(Ilissus,)-267(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-189(supreme)-190(object)-189(of)-189(his)-189(bounty.)-230(In)-189(his)-189(will)-190(he)-189(left)-189(each)-189(Athenian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(citizen)-344(an)-344(annual)-343(gift)-344(of)-344(a)-343(mina.)-532(He)-343(would)-344(offer)-344(to)-344(the)-343(Virgin)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Goddess)-210(a)-209(sacrifice)-210(of)-209(a)-210(hundred)-209(oxen)-210(on)-210(a)-209(single)-210(day;)-223(and,)-217(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-374(great)-374(festivals)-374(came)-375(round,)-405(he)-374(used)-374(to)-374(feast)-374(the)-374(people)-374(by)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([226])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(their)-321(tribes,)-338(as)-321(well)-320(as)-321(the)-321(resident)-320(strangers,)-339(on)-320(couches)-321(in)-320(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ceramicus.)-237(He)-211(restored)-211(the)-210(ancient)-211(shrines)-211(and)-211(stadia)-211(with)-210(costly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(marbles.)-487(And,)-349(in)-329(memory)-329(of)-329(Rhegilla,)-349(his)-329(wife,)-349(he)-329(built)-329(at)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foot)-240(of)-241(the)-240(acropolis)-241(a)-240(theatre)-240(for)-241(6000)-240(spectators,)-243(roofed)-240(in)-240(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cedar)-230(wood,)-234(which,)-234(to)-230(the)-230(eye)-230(of)-230(Pausanias,)-234(surpassed)-230(all)-230(similar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(structures)-250(in)-250(its)-250(splendour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.145 3.959 Td [(1292)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -103.19 -19.898 Td [(The)-235(liberality)-235(of)-234(Herodes)-235(Atticus,)-238(however)-235(astonishing)-235(it)-235(may)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.31 Td [(1289)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(ii.)-250(1;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.59 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(120.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -174.359 -7.311 Td [(1290)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(ii.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.444 -7.31 Td [(1291)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1292)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(ii.)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1305 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1306 0 R /Resources 1304 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1287 0 R >> endobj 1307 0 obj << /D [1305 0 R /XYZ 288.009 220.093 null] >> endobj 1304 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1310 0 obj << /Length 5264 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(277)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(seem,)-217(was)-208(only)-208(exceptional)-208(in)-208(its)-208(scale.)-236(The)-208(same)-208(spirit)-208(prevailed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-345(the)-345(leading)-345(citizens)-345(or)-345(the)-345(great)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 179.044 0 Td [(patroni)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.891 0 Td [(of)-345(hundreds)-345(of)]TJ -214.935 -13.549 Td [(communities,)-532(many)-475(of)-475(them)-476(only)-475(known)-475(to)-476(us)-475(from)-475(a)-475(brief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscription)-350(or)-349(two;)-400(and)-350(we)-349(have)-350(great)-350(reason)-349(to)-350(be)-350(grateful)-349(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(this)-300(score)-299(to)-300(the)-300(imperial)-300(legislation)-299(of)-300(later)-300(days,)-312(which)-300(did)-299(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(best)-258(to)-259(preserve)-258(these)-259(stone)-258(records)-259(for)-258(the)-259(eyes)-258(of)-259(posterity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1293)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-311(in)-312(forming)-311(an)-312(estimate)-311(of)-312(the)-311(splendid)-312(public)-311(spirit)-311(evoked)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-339(municipal)-339(life,)-362(it)-339(is)-339(well)-339(to)-340(remind)-339(ourselves)-339(that)-339(much)-339(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessarily)-248(been)-249(lost)-248(in)-248(the)-248(wreck)-249(of)-248(time,)-248(and)-249(also)-248(that)-248(what)-248(we)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-226(left)-226(represents)-226(the)-226(civic)-226(life)-226(of)-226(a)-226(comparatively)-226(brief)-225(period.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-411(the)-412(remains)-411(are)-412(so)-411(numerous)-412(that)-411(it)-412(is)-411(almost)-411(impossible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-385(give)-384(any)-385(adequate)-384(idea)-385(of)-384(their)-384(profusion)-385(to)-384(those)-385(who)-384(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unacquainted)-270(with)-270(the)-270(inscriptions.)-309(The)-270(objects)-270(of)-270(this)-269(liberality)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-229(as)-228(various)-229(as)-229(the)-228(needs)-229(of)-229(the)-229(community)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 193.86 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(temples,)-233(theatres,)]TJ -204.769 -13.55 Td [(bridges,)-474(markets,)-474(a)-429(portico)-429(or)-429(a)-429(colonnade,)-473(the)-429(relaying)-429(of)-429(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(road)-366(or)-367(pavement)-366(from)-366(the)-366(forum)-367(to)-366(the)-366(port,)-396(the)-366(repair)-366(of)-366(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aqueduct,)-214(above)-204(all)-205(the)-204(erection)-205(of)-204(new)-205(baths)-204(or)-204(the)-205(restoration)-204(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-225(ones,)-230(with)-225(perhaps)-226(a)-225(permanent)-225(foundation)-225(to)-225(provide)-225(for)-225(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(free)-213(enjoyment)-213(of)-213(this)-213(greatest)-213(luxury)-213(of)-213(the)-213(south.)-238(The)-212(boon)-213(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(extended)-330(to)-331(all)-330(citizens)-330(of)-331(both)-330(sexes,)-350(and)-330(in)-331(some)-330(cases,)-350(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-351(strangers)-351(and)-350(to)-351(slaves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.805 3.959 Td [(1294)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.464 -3.959 Td [(There)-351(is)-351(an)-350(almost)-351(monotonous)]TJ -139.269 -13.549 Td [(sameness)-362(in)-361(the)-362(stiff,)-390(conventional)-361(record)-362(of)-362(this)-361(vast)-362(mass)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lavish)-224(generosity.)-241(It)-224(all)-224(seems)-223(a)-224(spontaneous)-224(growth)-224(of)-224(the)-223(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system.)-509(One)-336(monument)-336(is)-336(erected)-336(by)-337(the)-336(senate)-336(and)-336(people)-336(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Tibur)-326(to)-326(a)-326(man)-326(who)-325(had)-326(borne)-326(all)-326(its)-326(honours,)-345(and)-326(had)-326(left)-325(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(town)-337(his)-336(sole)-337(heir.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.828 3.959 Td [(1295)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.998 -3.959 Td [(On)-337(another,)-358(an)-336(Augustal)-337(of)-336(Cales,)-358(who)]TJ -104.826 -13.549 Td [(had)-329(received)-328(the)-329(insignia)-329(of)-328(the)-329(duumvirate,)-348(tells)-329(posterity)-328(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-354(had)-354(laid)-354(down)-355(a)-354(broad)-354(road)-354(through)-354(the)-354(town.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 222.308 3.959 Td [(1296)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.573 -3.959 Td [(Another)]TJ -244.881 -13.549 Td [(benefactor)-246(bore)-246(the)-246(chief)-246(cost)-246(of)-246(a)-246(new)-246(meat)-246(market)-246(at)-245(Aesernia,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([227])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.394 Td [(1293)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.)-250(Theod.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(ix.)-250(17,)-250(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.126 0 Td [(Nov.)-250(Valent.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.822 0 Td [(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -133.006 -7.311 Td [(1294)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6993,)-250(7013,)-250(7190,)-250(6622,)-250(2287,)-250(6985,)-250(3325.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1295)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(6994.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1296)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(6983.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1309 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1310 0 R /Resources 1308 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1312 0 R >> endobj 1311 0 obj << /D [1309 0 R /XYZ 67.368 138.798 null] >> endobj 1308 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1315 0 obj << /Length 5877 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(278)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-247(authorities)-247(of)-247(the)-246(town)-247(supplying)-247(the)-247(pillars)-247(and)-247(the)-247(tiles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1297)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(A)-412(priestess)-411(of)-412(Calama)-412(in)-411(Numidia)-412(expended)-411(a)-412(sum)-412(of)-411(\2433400)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-326(a)-326(new)-325(theatre.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77 3.959 Td [(1298)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.646 -3.959 Td [(Perhaps)-326(the)-326(commonest)-325(object)-326(of)-326(private)]TJ -98.646 -13.549 Td [(liberality)-347(was)-346(the)-347(erection)-346(or)-347(maintenance)-347(of)-346(public)-347(baths.)-539(An)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(old)-323(officer)-323(of)-323(the)-323(fourth)-323(legion)-323(provided)-323(free)-323(bathing)-323(at)-322(Suessa)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Senonum)-386(for)-386(every)-386(one,)-420(even)-386(down)-386(to)-386(the)-386(slave)-386(girls.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.106 3.959 Td [(1299)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.615 -3.959 Td [(At)]TJ -269.721 -13.549 Td [(Bononia,)-376(a)-351(sum)-351(of)-351(\2434350)-351(was)-351(bequeathed)-351(for)-351(the)-351(same)-350(liberal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purpose.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.266 3.959 Td [(1300)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.709 -3.959 Td [(A)-358(magnate)-358(of)-359(Misenum)-358(bequeathed)-358(400)-358(loads)-359(of)]TJ -59.975 -13.549 Td [(hard)-344(wood)-345(annually)-344(for)-345(the)-344(furnaces)-345(of)-344(the)-345(baths,)-368(but)-344(with)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(stipulation)-305(that)-304(his)-305(son)-304(should)-305(be)-305(made)-304(patron)-305(of)-305(the)-304(town,)-318(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-250(his)-250(successors)-250(should)-250(receive)-250(all)-250(the)-250(magistracies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.324 3.959 Td [(1301)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -224.368 -17.508 Td [(These)-402(are)-403(only)-402(a)-402(few)-403(specimens)-402(taken)-402(at)-403(random)-402(from)-402(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(countless)-412(records)-412(of)-412(similar)-413(liberality)-412(to)-412(the)-412(parent)-412(city.)-736(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(example)-365(of)-365(the)-365(emperors)-365(must)-365(have)-365(stimulated)-365(the)-365(creation)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(splendid)-262(public)-262(works)-262(in)-263(the)-262(provinces.)-286(It)-262(has)-262(been)-262(remarked)-262(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(M.)-306(Boissier)-306(that)-306(the)-306(imperial)-306(government)-306(at)-306(all)-306(times)-305(displayed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-427(politic)-426(or)-427(instincti)1(ve)-427(love)-426(of)-427(monarchy)-426(for)-427(splendour)-426(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(magnificence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.495 3.959 Td [(1302)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.627 -3.959 Td [(The)-570(Roman)-569(Code,)-650(down)-570(to)-569(the)-570(end)-570(of)]TJ -91.122 -13.549 Td [(the)-411(Western)-411(Empire,)-451(gives)-411(evidence)-410(of)-411(a)-411(jealous)-411(care)-411(for)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preservation)-220(of)-219(the)-220(monuments)-219(and)-220(historic)-220(buildings)-219(of)-220(the)-219(past,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-362(denounces)-362(with)-362(very)-362(unconventional)-362(energy)-362(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 238.51 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(foul)-362(and)]TJ -243.353 -13.549 Td [(shameful)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.993 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.49 0 Td [(traffic)-334(in)-335(the)-334(relics)-334(of)-334(ancient)-335(glory)-334(which)-334(prevailed)]TJ -48.483 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(last)-250(age)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Empire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 125.741 3.959 Td [(1303)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.167 -3.959 Td [(After)-250(great)-250(fires)-250(and)-250(desolating)]TJ -144.908 -13.549 Td [(wars,)-211(the)-201(first)-201(thought)-201(of)-201(the)-201(most)-201(frugal)-201(or)-201(the)-201(most)-200(lavish)-201(prince)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-201(to)-200(restore)-201(in)-200(greater)-201(grandeur)-200(what)-201(had)-200(been)-201(destroyed.)-233(After)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-283(great)-283(conflagration)-283(of)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 114.737 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.064 0 Td [(64,)-291(which)-283(laid)-283(in)-283(ashes)-283(ten)-282(out)-283(of)]TJ -133.801 -13.549 Td [(the)-302(fourteen)-302(regions)-302(of)-302(Rome,)-315(Nero)-302(immediately)-302(set)-302(to)-302(work)-302(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rebuild)-179(the)-178(city)-179(in)-179(a)-178(more)-179(orderly)-179(fashion,)-193(with)-178(broader)-179(streets)-178(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.481 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.669 Td [(1297)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7013.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1298)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(5366;)-250(she)-250(received)-250(the)-250(honour)-250(of)-250(five)-250(statues)-250(in)-250(return.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(1299)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2287.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(1300)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3325.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1301)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3772.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(44.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -76.464 -7.311 Td [(1303)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.189 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Soc.)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Last)-250(Century)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Western)-250(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 192.266 0 Td [(\0501st)-250(ed.\051,)-250(p.)-250(202.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1314 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1315 0 R /Resources 1313 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1312 0 R >> endobj 1313 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1318 0 obj << /Length 6376 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(279)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(open)-253(spaces.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.165 3.959 Td [(1304)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.254 -3.959 Td [(Vespasian,)-253(on)-253(his)-253(accession,)-253(found)-253(the)-253(treasury)]TJ -74.419 -13.549 Td [(loaded)-281(with)-280(a)-281(debt)-281(of)-280(\243320,000,000.)-342(Yet)-281(the)-280(frugal)-281(emperor)-280(did)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-215(hesitate)-215(to)-215(begin)-216(at)-215(once)-215(the)-215(restoration)-215(of)-215(the)-215(Capitol,)-222(and)-215(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-217(other)-217(ruins)-217(left)-216(by)-217(the)-217(great)-217(struggle)-217(of)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 183.682 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.343 0 Td [(69)-217(from)-217(which)-216(his)]TJ -202.025 -13.55 Td [(dynasty)-194(arose.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.796 3.959 Td [(1305)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.96 -3.959 Td [(He)-194(even)-193(undertook)-194(some)-193(new)-194(works)-194(on)-193(a)-194(great)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.268 0 Td [([228])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(scale,)-416(the)-383(temple)-383(of)-383(Peace)-383(and)-383(the)-383(amphitheatre,)-416(on)-383(the)-383(plans)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(projected)-428(by)-427(Augustus.)-783(Titus)-427(completed)-428(the)-428(Colosseum,)-471(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(erected)-314(the)-314(famous)-314(baths.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.973 3.959 Td [(1306)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.259 -3.959 Td [(Domitian)-314(once)-314(more)-314(restored)-314(the)]TJ -134.232 -13.549 Td [(Capitol,)-269(and)-265(added)-265(many)-265(new)-265(buildings,)-268(temples)-265(to)-265(his)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 243.67 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(divine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.273 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.55 Td [(father)-377(and)-377(brother,)-408(with)-377(many)-377(shrines)-377(of)-377(his)-377(special)-376(patroness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Minerva;)-206(a)-185(stone)-184(stadium)-184(for)-184(30,000)-185(people,)-197(and)-185(an)-184(Odeum)-184(for)-184(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(audience)-214(of)-215(10,000.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 85.261 3.959 Td [(1307)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.036 -3.959 Td [(Trajan)-214(was)-215(lauded)-214(by)-214(Pliny)-214(for)-215(his)-214(frugal)]TJ -104.297 -13.549 Td [(administration)-358(of)-358(the)-358(treasury,)-385(combined)-358(with)-358(magnificence)-358(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-361(public)-361(works.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.27 3.958 Td [(1308)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.8 -3.958 Td [(Nor)-361(was)-361(the)-361(encomium)-361(undeserved.)-583(He)]TJ -100.07 -13.55 Td [(made)-273(docks)-272(and)-273(erected)-273(warehouses)-272(at)-273(Ostia;)-284(he)-273(ran)-272(a)-273(new)-272(road)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-251(the)-250(Pomptine)-251(marshes;)-250(he)-251(lavished)-250(money)-251(on)-250(aqueducts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-255(baths.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.289 3.959 Td [(1309)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.322 -3.959 Td [(His)-255(most)-255(imposing)-254(construction)-255(was)-255(a)-255(new)-254(forum)]TJ -63.611 -13.549 Td [(between)-267(the)-268(Capitoline)-267(and)-268(the)-267(Quirinal,)-272(with)-267(stately)-267(memorials)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-424(the)-424(achievements)-424(of)-425(his)-424(reign.)-772(But)-424(the)-424(prince)-424(of)-424(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(builders)-286(and)-286(engineers)-287(was)-286(Hadrian.)-359(Wherever)-286(he)-286(went)-286(he)-286(took)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-308(him)-309(in)-308(his)-309(journeys)-308(a)-308(troop)-309(of)-308(architects)-309(to)-308(add)-308(something)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-470(the)-470(splendour)-470(or)-469(convenience)-470(of)-470(the)-470(cities)-470(through)-469(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-463(passed.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.859 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(In)-463(almost)-463(every)-463(city,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.655 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.895 0 Td [(says)-463(his)-463(biographer,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.235 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(he)]TJ -270.332 -13.549 Td [(erected)-244(some)-243(building.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.94 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(1310)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.098 -3.959 Td [(But)-244(the)-243(capital)-244(was)-244(not)-244(neglected)-243(by)]TJ -122.881 -13.549 Td [(Hadrian.)-237(He)-211(restored)-211(historic)-211(structures)-211(such)-211(as)-211(the)-211(Pantheon)-210(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-365(temple)-364(of)-365(Neptune,)-393(the)-365(forum)-365(of)-364(Augustus,)-394(and)-364(Agrippa)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(baths,)-261(with)-259(no)-258(ostentatious)-259(intrusion)-259(of)-258(his)-259(own)-259(name.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.539 3.959 Td [(1311)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.451 -3.959 Td [(In)-259(his)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.685 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.872 Td [(1304)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.053 -7.394 Td [(1305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(ix.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxvi.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.034 -7.311 Td [(1306)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.454 0 Td [(vii.)-250(nemine)-250(ante)-250(se)-250(munificentia)-250(minor.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.574 -7.311 Td [(1307)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Domit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -62.019 -7.31 Td [(1308)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(51.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.024 -7.311 Td [(1309)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxviii.)-250(7,)-250(15;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 97.401 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.393 0 Td [(29,)-250(51.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -139.489 -7.31 Td [(1310)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ael.)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.842 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.948 -7.311 Td [(1311)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(19,)-250(\247)-250(10,)-250(eaque)-250(omnia)-250(propriis)-250(auctorum)-250(nominibus)-250(consecravit.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1317 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1318 0 R /Resources 1316 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1312 0 R >> endobj 1319 0 obj << /D [1317 0 R /XYZ 256.844 463.978 null] >> endobj 1316 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1322 0 obj << /Length 6083 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(280)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(own)-315(name)-314(he)-315(built)-315(the)-314(temples)-315(of)-315(Venus)-314(and)-315(Roma,)-331(the)-314(bridge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(across)-212(the)-213(Tiber,)-219(and)-213(that)-212(stately)-212(mausoleum,)-220(which,)-220(as)-212(the)-212(castle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(S.)-361(Angelo,)-389(links)-362(the)-361(memory)-362(of)-361(the)-362(pagan)-361(Empire)-362(with)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mediaeval)-357(Papacy)-357(and)-356(the)-357(modern)-357(world.)-570(The)-357(example)-357(of)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imperial)-209(masters)-209(of)-210(the)-209(world)-209(undoubtedly)-209(reinforced)-209(the)-209(various)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impulses)-250(which)-251(inspired)-250(the)-251(dedication)-250(of)-251(so)-250(much)-251(wealth)-250(to)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(public)-250(service)-250(or)-250(enjoyment)-250(through)-250(all)-250(the)-250(cities)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Empire.)]TJ 11.956 -19.081 Td [(But)-150(the)-151(wealthy)-150(and)-151(public-spirited)-150(citizen)-151(was)-150(also)-151(expected)-150(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(cater)-223(for)-223(the)-223(immediate)-223(pleasure)-223(or)-223(amusement)-223(of)-223(his)-223(neighbours)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-513(games)-514(and)-513(feasts.)-1041(We)-513(have)-514(seen)-513(that)-514(Pliny,)-579(during)-513(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(administration)-382(of)-382(Bithynia,)-415(seems)-382(to)-382(have)-382(regarded)-382(the)-381(public)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feasts)-569(given)-568(to)-569(a)-568(whole)-569(commune)-569(on)-568(occasions)-569(of)-568(private)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([229])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(rejoicing,)-576(as)-511(dangerous)-510(to)-511(the)-511(general)-511(tranquillity.)-1032(Yet)-510(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(usage)-329(meets)-330(us)-329(everywhere)-329(in)-329(the)-330(inscriptions,)-349(and)-329(even)-329(in)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(literary)-336(history)-336(of)-336(the)-337(time.)-508(This)-336(spacious)-336(hospitality)-336(was)-336(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demanded)-357(from)-356(the)-356(rich)-357(and)-356(powerful,)-384(from)-356(the)-356(general)-357(at)-356(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(triumph,)-335(from)-319(the)-318(great)-318(noble)-318(on)-319(his)-318(birthday)-318(or)-318(his)-318(daughter)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(marriage,)-230(from)-225(the)-225(rich)-225(burgher)-224(at)-225(the)-225(dedication)-225(of)-225(a)-225(temple)-225(or)-224(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forum)-194(which)-194(he)-194(had)-194(given)-195(to)-194(the)-194(city,)-205(from)-194(the)-194(man)-194(who)-194(had)-194(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(chosen)-389(patron)-389(of)-389(a)-389(town)-388(in)-389(expectation)-389(of)-389(such)-389(largesses,)-423(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-291(speak)-291(of)-291(the)-290(many)-291(private)-291(patrons)-291(whose)-291(morning)-290(receptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-427(thronged)-427(by)-427(a)-427(hungry)-427(crowd,)-471(eager)-427(for)-427(an)-427(invitation)-426(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dinner,)-278(or)-272(its)-273(equivalent)-272(in)-273(the)-272(sportula.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 173.03 3.959 Td [(1312)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.899 -3.959 Td [(Julius)-272(Caesar)-273(on)-272(his)]TJ -192.929 -13.549 Td [(triumph)-367(in)-367(46)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 65.962 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.08 0 Td [(had)-367(feasted)-367(the)-368(people)-367(at)-367(22,000)-367(tables.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.15 3.959 Td [(1313)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Great)-485(houses,)-543(like)-485(the)-484(sumptuous)-485(seat)-485(of)-484(Caninius)-485(Rufus)-484(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Como,)-250(had)-250(enormous)-250(banquet)-249(halls)-250(for)-250(such)-250(popular)-250(repasts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1314)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-431(Trimalchio)-431(of)-432(Petronius)-431(desires)-431(himself)-431(to)-431(be)-431(sculptured)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-391(his)-391(tomb)-391(in)-391(the)-391(character)-391(of)-391(such)-391(a)-391(lavish)-391(host.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 231.411 3.959 Td [(1315)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.779 -3.959 Td [(There)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.311 Td [(1312)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(On)-311(the)-311(sportula)-311(at)-311(this)-312(time,)-326(cf.)-433(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 140.455 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(,)-326(xvi.,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.037 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.462 0 Td [(vii.;)-342(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.815 0 Td [(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.997 0 Td [(i.,)]TJ -273.654 -10.959 Td [(207)-250(sq.;)-250(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.016 0 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(109.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.383 -7.31 Td [(1313)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.415 0 Td [(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.575 0 Td [(55,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.649 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271\254\303\261\302)-268(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.37 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.947 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-268(\264\271\303\274\305\301\257\277\271\302)-267(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.905 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.037 0 Td [(\264\271\303\307\271\273\257\277\271\302)-268(\304\301\271\272\273\257\275\277\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 79.169 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.298 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\303\315\274\300\261\275\304\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.856 0 Td [(:)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(43,)-250(21,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -42.595 -7.311 Td [(1314)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(3,)-250(triclinia)-250(illa)-250(popularia.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.394 Td [(1315)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(71.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1321 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1322 0 R /Resources 1320 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1312 0 R >> endobj 1323 0 obj << /D [1321 0 R /XYZ 93.543 477.528 null] >> endobj 1324 0 obj << /D [1321 0 R /XYZ 343.879 363.602 null] >> endobj 1325 0 obj << /D [1321 0 R /XYZ 367.197 121.502 null] >> endobj 1320 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1328 0 obj << /Length 4924 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(281)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(was)-289(in)-288(that)-289(age)-288(no)-289(more)-289(popular)-288(and)-289(effective)-288(way)-289(of)-288(testifying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gratitude)-340(for)-340(the)-340(honours)-340(bestowed)-340(by)-341(the)-340(popular)-340(voice,)-362(or)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(winning)-446(them,)-494(than)-446(by)-446(a)-445(great)-446(feast)-446(to)-445(the)-446(whole)-445(commune,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generally)-412(accompanied)-412(by)-412(a)-411(distribution)-412(of)-412(money,)-452(according)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-336(social)-336(or)-336(official)-336(grade.)-508(It)-336(was)-336(also)-336(the)-336(most)-336(popular)-335(means)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-383(prolonging)-384(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 81.085 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-383(memory)-384(to)-383(bequeath)-383(a)-384(foundation)-383(for)-384(the)]TJ -84.718 -13.549 Td [(perpetual)-244(maintenance)-244(of)-244(such)-244(repasts)-244(in)-244(honour)-244(of)-244(the)-244(dead.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1316)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(One)-206(P.)-205(Lucilius)-206(of)-205(Ostia)-206(had)-205(held)-206(all)-206(the)-205(great)-206(offices)-205(of)-206(his)-205(town,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-383(had)-383(rewarded)-383(his)-383(admirers)-383(with)-383(a)-383(munificence)-383(apparently)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-275(than)-276(equivalent)-275(to)-276(the)-275(official)-275(honours)-276(they)-275(had)-275(bestowed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-268(had)-267(paved)-267(a)-268(long)-267(road)-268(from)-267(the)-268(forum)-267(to)-268(the)-267(arch,)-272(restored)-267(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temple)-287(of)-287(Vulcan,)-296(of)-287(which)-287(he)-287(was)-287(the)-287(curator,)-296(and)-287(the)-286(temples)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-292(Venus,)-303(Spes,)-303(and)-292(Fortuna;)-313(he)-293(had)-292(provided)-292(standard)-292(weights)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-266(the)-266(meat)-266(market,)-270(and)-267(a)-266(tribunal)-266(of)-266(marble)-266(for)-266(the)-266(forum.)-298(But)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(probably)-217(his)-218(most)-217(popular)-217(benefaction)-218(was)-217(a)-217(great)-218(banquet)-217(to)-217(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(citizens,)-204(where)-192(217)-193(couches)-192(were)-193(arrayed)-192(for)-192(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.193 3.959 Td [(1317)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.956 -3.959 Td [(The)-192(same)]TJ -239.149 -13.549 Td [(munificent)-211(person)-210(had)-211(twice)-211(entertained)-211(the)-210(whole)-211(of)-211(the)-210(citizens)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-224(luncheon.)-241(Elsewhere)-224(a)-223(veteran,)-229(with)-224(a)-223(long)-224(and)-224(varied)-223(service,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-395(settled)-396(at)-395(Auximum)-395(where)-395(he)-395(had)-396(been)-395(elected)-395(patron)-395(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([230])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(the)-278(community.)-332(His)-278(old)-278(comrades,)-284(the)-278(centurions)-277(of)-278(the)-277(Second)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Legion)-384(\050Traj.)-651(Fortis\051)-384(erected)-384(a)-384(monument)-384(to)-383(his)-384(virtues,)-417(and,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-332(the)-331(dedication,)-352(he)-332(gave)-331(a)-332(banquet)-332(to)-331(the)-332(townsfolk.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.619 3.959 Td [(1318)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.837 -3.959 Td [(One)]TJ -262.456 -13.549 Td [(other)-374(example,)-404(out)-374(of)-374(the)-374(many)-373(which)-374(crowd)-374(the)-373(inscriptions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-362(serve)-361(to)-362(complete)-361(the)-362(picture)-362(of)-361(civic)-362(hospitality.)-584(Lucius)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Cornelius)-373(of)-373(Surrentum)-373(received)-372(on)-373(his)-373(death)-373(the)-373(honour)-373(of)-372(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(public)-194(funeral)-194(by)-194(a)-194(vote)-195(of)-194(the)-194(Curia.)-231(The)-194(inscription)-194(on)-194(his)-194(statue)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(records)-251(that,)-250(on)-251(assuming)-251(the)-250(garb)-251(of)-250(manhood,)-251(he)-251(had)-250(provided)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-360(meal)-359(of)-360(pastry)-359(and)-360(mead)-359(for)-360(the)-359(populace;)-414(when)-360(he)-359(became)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aedile,)-317(he)-304(exhibited)-303(a)-304(contest)-303(of)-304(gladiators;)-330(and,)-317(twice)-303(reaching)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-437(honours)-437(of)-436(the)-437(duumvirate,)-483(he)-437(repaid)-437(the)-437(compliment)-436(by)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(1316)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7115,)-250(1368,)-250(4088,)-250(4115.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(1317)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3882.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1318)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3868.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1327 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1328 0 R /Resources 1326 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1312 0 R >> endobj 1329 0 obj << /D [1327 0 R /XYZ 205.951 274.29 null] >> endobj 1326 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1332 0 obj << /Length 5558 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(282)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(splendid)-250(games)-250(and)-250(a)-250(stately)-250(banquet.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.826 3.959 Td [(1319)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -152.87 -19.909 Td [(At)-411(these)-411(entertainments)-411(a)-411(gift)-411(of)-410(money,)-452(always)-410(graduated)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(according)-438(to)-438(the)-438(social)-437(rank)-438(of)-438(the)-438(guests,)-485(decurio,)-484(augustal,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-429(plebeian,)-474(was)-428(generally)-429(added)-429(to)-429(the)-429(fare.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.119 3.959 Td [(1320)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.02 -3.959 Td [(Sometimes)]TJ -232.139 -13.549 Td [(the)-391(distribution)-392(took)-391(the)-391(form)-392(of)-391(a)-391(lottery.)-675(A)-391(high)-391(official)-391(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Beneventum,)-508(who)-456(had)-456(probably)-456(inherited)-456(a)-456(fortune)-456(from)-456(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(father,)-335(a)-318(leading)-319(physician)-318(of)-318(the)-318(capital,)-335(once)-318(scattered)-318(tickets)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(among)-253(the)-253(crowd,)-253(which)-253(gave)-253(the)-253(finder)-253(the)-253(right)-253(to)-253(a)-253(present)-252(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gold,)-270(silver,)-269(dress,)-269(or)-266(other)-266(smaller)-265(prizes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.148 3.959 Td [(1321)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.676 -3.959 Td [(Women)-266(appeared)]TJ -203.824 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-497(both)-497(as)-497(hostesses)-497(and)-497(guests)-497(on)-497(these)-497(occasions.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Caesia)-384(Sabina)-384(of)-384(Veii,)-417(on)-384(the)-384(day)-384(on)-384(which)-384(her)-384(husband)-383(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entertaining)-359(all)-359(the)-358(citizens,)-386(invited)-359(the)-359(female)-359(relatives)-359(of)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(decurions)-371(to)-370(dinner,)-401(with)-371(the)-370(additional)-371(luxury)-370(of)-371(a)-370(gratuitous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bath.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.513 3.959 Td [(1322)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.778 -3.959 Td [(It)-544(is)-543(curious)-544(to)-544(observe)-544(that)-543(at)-544(the)-544(festivities)-543(in)]TJ -50.291 -13.549 Td [(which)-269(women)-269(are)-269(entertained,)-274(the)-269(sharp)-269(demarcation)-269(of)-268(ranks)-269(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(maintained)-306(as)-306(strictly)-306(as)-306(it)-305(is)-306(among)-306(their)-306(male)-306(relations.)-417(Thus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-227(a)-228(distribution)-227(at)-228(Volceii,)-232(the)-227(decurions,)-232(augustales,)-232(and)-227(vicani,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(receive)-299(respectively)-300(thirty,)-312(twenty,)-311(and)-300(twelve)-299(sesterces)-299(apiece;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(while)-458(the)-457(proportion)-458(observed)-457(among)-457(the)-458(ladies)-457(of)-458(the)-457(three)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-251(grades)-250(is)-251(sixteen,)-251(eight,)-251(and)-250(four.)-252(Nor)-251(were)-251(children,)-250(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-208(of)-208(the)-209(slave)-208(class,)-216(forgotten)-209(on)-208(these)-208(festive)-208(occasions.)-236(One)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kindly)-288(magnate)-289(of)-288(Ferentinum)-288(left)-289(a)-288(fund)-288(of)-289(about)-288(\243750)-288(to)-288(give)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-288(annual)-287(feast)-288(of)-288(pastry)-287(and)-288(mead)-287(upon)-288(his)-288(birthday)-287(for)-288(all)-287(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(inhabitants)-277(with)-277(their)-277(wives,)-284(and)-277(at)-277(the)-277(same)-277(time,)-283(300)-277(pecks)-277(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([231])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(nuts)-250(were)-250(provided)-250(for)-250(the)-250(children,)-250(bond)-250(and)-250(free.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.76 3.959 Td [(1323)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -209.805 -19.909 Td [(These)-449(provincial)-449(societies,)-499(as)-449(we)-449(have)-449(already)-449(seen,)-499(were)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(organised)-181(on)-181(aristocratic)-180(or)-181(plutocratic)-181(principles.)-227(The)-180(distinction)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(between)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 39.542 0 Td [(honestior)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.407 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 18.945 0 Td [(humilior)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.582 0 Td [(,)-303(which)-293(becomes)-293(so)-292(cruel)-293(in)-292(the)]TJ -140.476 -13.549 Td [(Theodosian)-291(Code,)-300(was,)-301(even)-291(in)-290(the)-291(Antonine)-290(age,)-301(more)-290(sharply)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(1319)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(6211.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1320)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(210;)-250(Petron.)-250(45;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.755 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(842;)-250(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.561 0 Td [(Colleg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.396 0 Td [(p.)-250(110.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -220.679 -7.311 Td [(1321)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3394;)-250(cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.542 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -131.006 -7.31 Td [(1322)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3738.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1323)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(5853;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.537 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.092 0 Td [(p.)-250(55.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1331 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1332 0 R /Resources 1330 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1312 0 R >> endobj 1333 0 obj << /D [1331 0 R /XYZ 267.18 204.142 null] >> endobj 1330 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1336 0 obj << /Length 4737 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(283)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(drawn)-184(and)-184(more)-184(enduring)-184(than)-184(is)-184(agreeable)-184(to)-184(our)-184(modern)-184(notions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-268(social)-267(justice.)-303(The)-268(rich)-268(have)-267(a)-268(monopoly)-268(of)-267(all)-268(official)-267(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-309(social)-309(precedence;)-339(they)-309(have)-309(even)-309(the)-309(largest)-309(share)-309(in)-309(gifts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-161(paltry)-161(distributions)-161(of)-161(money)-161(which)-161(wealth)-161(might)-161(be)-161(expected)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-379(resign)-378(and)-379(to)-379(despise.)-636(Their)-378(sons)-379(have)-379(secured)-378(to)-379(them)-378(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-440(convention,)-488(or)-441(by)-440(popular)-441(gratitude)-440(and)-440(expectancy,)-488(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(position)-215(equal)-215(to)-215(that)-215(of)-215(their)-214(ancestors.)-239(The)-215(dim)-215(plebeian)-214(crowd,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(save)-312(for)-312(the)-312(right)-311(of)-312(an)-312(annual)-312(vote)-312(at)-312(the)-311(elections,)-328(which)-311(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-303(a)-302(few)-303(generations)-303(to)-302(be)-303(withdrawn,)-316(seem)-303(to)-302(be)-303(of)-303(little)-302(more)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(consequence)-301(than)-301(the)-300(slaves;)-327(they)-300(were)-301(of)-301(far)-301(less)-300(consequence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-324(those)-324(freedmen)-323(who)-324(had)-324(the)-324(luck)-323(or)-324(the)-324(dexterity)-324(to)-323(build)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(up)-310(a)-310(rapid)-310(fortune,)-325(and)-310(force)-310(their)-310(way)-310(into)-310(the)-310(chasm)-310(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(privileged)-332(and)-331(the)-332(disinherited.)-494(Yet)-332(this)-331(would)-332(hardly)-331(be)-331(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(complete)-201(and)-200(penetrating)-201(view)-201(of)-200(the)-201(inner)-201(working)-200(and)-201(the)-200(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-244(that)-244(municipal)-244(society.)-248(The)-244(apparent)-244(rigidity)-244(and)-244(harshness)-244(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-195(lines)-196(of)-195(demarcation)-195(were)-195(often)-195(relieved)-196(by)-195(a)-195(social)-195(sentiment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which,)-188(on)-172(the)-172(one)-172(hand,)-188(made)-172(heavy)-172(demands)-172(on)-172(rank)-172(and)-172(wealth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-262(on)-262(the)-262(other,)-264(drew)-262(all)-262(classes)-262(together)-262(by)-262(the)-262(strong)-262(bond)-261(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fellowship)-296(in)-296(a)-296(common)-296(social)-296(life.)-388(There)-296(has)-296(probably)-295(seldom)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-241(a)-241(time)-240(when)-241(wealth)-241(was)-241(more)-240(generally)-241(regarded)-241(as)-241(a)-240(trust,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-206(possession)-207(in)-206(which)-207(the)-206(community)-207(at)-206(large)-207(has)-206(a)-207(right)-206(to)-206(share.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-448(never)-448(was)-448(an)-449(age)-448(in)-448(which)-448(the)-448(wealthy)-448(more)-448(frankly,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-326(even)-327(recklessly,)-345(recognised)-327(this)-326(imperious)-327(claim.)-479(It)-326(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indeed)-340(be)-340(difficult)-340(to)-340(resolve)-340(into)-340(its)-340(elements)-340(the)-340(complicated)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mass)-353(of)-352(motives)-353(which)-352(impelled)-352(the)-353(rich)-352(burgher)-353(to)-352(undertake)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-290(enormous,)-300(and)-290(often)-290(ruinous,)-300(expenditure)-290(for)-290(the)-289(common)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-401(or)-401(pleasure.)-704(There)-401(was)-401(of)-402(course)-401(much)-401(of)-401(mere)-401(selfish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambition)-387(and)-386(love)-387(of)-387(popularity.)-660(The)-386(passion)-387(for)-386(prominence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-244(probably)-245(never)-244(stronger.)-248(Direct)-245(or)-244(even)-245(veiled)-244(corruption)-244(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-197(electors)-197(was,)-207(indeed,)-208(strictly)-197(prohibited)-197(by)-197(law.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.569 3.958 Td [(1324)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.973 -3.958 Td [(But)-197(it)-197(was)]TJ -237.542 -13.55 Td [(a)-301(recognised)-300(principle)-301(of)-300(public)-301(life)-300(that)-301(the)-300(city)-301(should)-300(honour)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([232])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(its)-204(benefactors,)-214(and)-204(that)-204(those)-205(whom)-204(she)-204(had)-205(raised)-204(to)-204(her)-204(highest)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(1324)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lex)-250(Urson.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.088 0 Td [(\247)-250(132.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1335 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1336 0 R /Resources 1334 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1338 0 R >> endobj 1337 0 obj << /D [1335 0 R /XYZ 105.431 111.699 null] >> endobj 1334 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1341 0 obj << /Length 4846 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(284)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(distinctions)-231(should)-230(manifest)-231(thei)1(r)-231(gratitude)-230(by)-231(some)-230(contribution)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-336(the)-337(comfort)-336(or)-337(the)-336(enjoyments)-336(of)-337(the)-336(people.)-509(But,)-358(when)-336(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-323(admitted)-322(all)-323(vulgar)-323(motives)-323(of)-322(munificence,)-341(a)-323(man)-322(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(show)-286(himself)-286(a)-286(very)-286(unobservant,)-295(or)-286(else)-286(a)-286(very)-286(cynical)-285(student)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-267(the)-268(time,)-272(if)-267(he)-268(failed)-267(to)-267(recognise)-268(that,)-272(among)-267(these)-267(countless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benefactors,)-344(there)-325(were)-324(many)-325(animated,)-344(not)-325(only)-325(by)-325(a)-325(sense)-324(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(duty,)-367(but)-344(by)-344(a)-343(real)-344(ardour)-344(of)-343(public)-344(spirit,)-367(men)-344(who)-344(wished)-343(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(live)-251(in)-250(the)-251(love)-250(and)-251(memory)-250(of)-251(their)-251(fellows,)-250(and)-251(who)-250(had)-251(a)-250(rare)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perception)-276(of)-276(the)-276(duties)-276(of)-276(wealth.)-328(Philostratus)-276(has)-276(left)-276(us)-276(in)-275(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(own)-396(words)-396(a)-396(record)-396(of)-396(the)-396(principles)-396(which)-396(inspired)-395(Herodes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Atticus)-292(in)-292(his)-292(almost)-291(fabulous)-292(donations)-292(to)-292(many)-292(cities)-292(in)-291(Asia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greece,)-227(and)-221(Italy.)-240(Herodes)-221(used)-221(to)-220(say)-221(that)-221(the)-221(true)-221(use)-221(of)-220(money)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-320(to)-319(succour)-320(the)-320(needs)-319(of)-320(others;)-354(riches)-320(which)-320(were)-319(guarded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-452(a)-452(niggard)-452(hand)-452(were)-452(only)-452(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 158.723 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(dead)-452(wealth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.61 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)-553(the)-452(coffers)]TJ -223.021 -13.55 Td [(in)-441(which)-442(they)-441(were)-441(stowed)-441(away)-442(were)-441(merely)-441(a)-442(prison;)-536(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-316(worship)-315(of)-316(money)-316(resembled)-316(the)-315(sacrifice)-316(which)-316(the)-315(fabled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aloidae)-185(offered)-186(to)-185(a)-186(god)-185(after)-185(putting)-186(him)-185(in)-186(chains.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.895 3.959 Td [(1325)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.931 -3.959 Td [(The)-185(main)]TJ -239.826 -13.549 Td [(characteristics)-285(of)-285(human)-285(nature)-285(are)-285(singularly)-285(fixed)-285(from)-285(age)-284(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-268(although)-264(the)-264(objects)-264(of)-264(i)1(ts)-264(love)-264(and)-264(devotion)-264(may)-264(endlessly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vary.)-543(The)-348(higher)-347(unselfish)-348(impulses)-348(must)-347(assert)-348(themselves)-347(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-355(society)-354(which)-355(is)-354(not)-355(plunging)-354(into)-355(the)-354(abyss.)-564(The)-354(choicer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirits)-362(will)-362(be)-361(always)-362(ready)-362(to)-361(lavish)-362(effort)-362(or)-362(material)-361(wealth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-251(objects)-250(which)-251(are)-251(sacred)-250(to)-251(their)-251(own)-250(age,)-251(although)-251(they)-250(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seen)-438(chimerical)-438(or)-438(unworthy)-438(to)-438(the)-438(next.)-814(And)-438(we)-438(may)-438(well)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(believe)-278(that)-279(the)-278(man)-278(who)-278(in)-279(the)-278(second)-278(century)-278(built)-279(a)-278(bath)-278(or)-278(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theatre)-261(for)-261(fellow)-261(townsmen,)-264(might)-261(possibly,)-263(had)-261(he)-261(lived)-261(in)-261(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fifth,)-223(have)-217(dedicated)-217(a)-217(church)-216(to)-217(a)-217(patron)-217(saint,)-223(or)-217(bequeathed)-216(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lands)-250(to)-250(a)-250(monastery.)]TJ 11.956 -18.586 Td [(The)-239(Antonine)-240(age)-239(was)-240(on)-239(one)-240(side)-239(perhaps)-240(rather)-239(coarse)-240(in)-239(its)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ideals,)-198(passionately)-185(fond)-184(of)-185(splendour)-185(and)-185(brilliant)-185(display,)-197(proud)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(civic)-364(dignity,)-393(and)-364(keenly)-364(alive)-365(to)-364(the)-364(ease)-364(and)-364(comfort)-364(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brightness)-294(which)-294(common)-295(effort)-294(or)-294(individual)-294(generosity)-294(might)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.847 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 69.951 Td [(1325)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(ii.)-250(1.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1340 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1341 0 R /Resources 1339 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1338 0 R >> endobj 1339 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1344 0 obj << /Length 5126 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(285)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(add)-349(to)-348(the)-349(enjoyment)-349(of)-349(life.)-546(It)-349(was)-348(also)-349(an)-349(intensely)-348(sociable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age.)-457(Men)-319(looked)-318(for)-319(their)-319(happiness)-319(to)-319(their)-319(city)-319(rather)-319(than)-318(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-336(family)-335(or)-336(the)-336(state.)-506(If)-336(their)-336(city)-335(could)-336(not)-336(play)-335(a)-336(great)-335(part)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-264(an)-264(independent)-263(commonwealth,)-268(it)-264(might,)-267(by)-264(the)-263(self-sacrifice)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([233])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(of)-399(its)-399(sons,)-436(assert)-399(its)-399(dignity)-399(among)-399(its)-399(rivals.)-697(It)-399(could)-399(make)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself)-235(a)-236(society)-235(which)-235(men)-235(would)-236(proudly)-235(or)-235(affectionately)-235(claim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-320(their)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.062 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(patria)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.839 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.333 0 Td [(and)-320(their)-320(parent,)-337(and)-320(on)-320(which)-319(they)-320(would)-320(vie)]TJ -74.078 -13.549 Td [(with)-285(one)-284(another)-285(in)-284(lavishing)-285(their)-284(time)-284(and)-285(their)-284(gold.)-354(And)-284(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(buildings)-335(and)-334(banquets)-334(and)-335(bright)-334(festivals,)-356(on)-335(which)-334(so)-334(much)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-293(lavished,)-304(were)-293(enjoyed)-293(by)-293(all)-293(citizens)-293(alike,)-303(the)-293(lowest)-293(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-187(highest,)-200(although)-188(high)-187(and)-187(low)-188(had)-187(sometimes)-187(by)-187(prescriptive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(usage)-309(an)-308(unequal)-309(share)-309(in)-308(the)-309(largesses.)-426(The)-308(free)-309(enjoyment)-308(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sumptuous)-183(baths,)-196(of)-182(good)-183(water)-183(from)-182(the)-183(Atlas,)-196(the)-182(Apennines,)-196(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-177(Alban)-176(Hills,)-192(the)-176(right)-177(to)-176(sit)-177(at)-176(ease)-177(with)-177(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.898 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-177(fellows)-176(when)-177(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -201.531 -13.55 Td [(Pseudolus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 48.025 0 Td [(or)-291(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 28.771 0 Td [(Adelphi)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.115 0 Td [(was)-291(put)-291(upon)-292(the)-291(boards,)-301(the)-292(pleasure)]TJ -113.911 -13.549 Td [(of)-286(strolling)-286(in)-286(the)-285(shady)-286(colonnades)-286(of)-286(the)-286(forum)-286(or)-286(the)-285(market,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surrounded)-481(by)-480(brilliant)-481(marbles)-481(and)-480(frescoes,)-539(with)-480(fountains)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shedding)-305(their)-304(coolness)-305(around;)-332(the)-304(good)-305(fellowship)-304(which,)-318(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-338(time,)-359(levelled)-338(all)-338(ranks,)-360(in)-337(many)-338(a)-338(simple)-338(communal)-337(feast,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-253(a)-252(coin)-253(or)-252(two)-253(distributed)-252(at)-253(the)-253(end)-252(to)-253(recall)-252(or)-253(heighten)-252(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pleasure)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.349 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(all)-309(these)-309(things)-309(tended)-309(to)-309(make)-309(the)-309(city)-308(a)-309(true)-309(home,)]TJ -47.259 -13.549 Td [(to)-383(some)-382(extent)-383(almost)-382(a)-383(great)-382(family)-383(circle.)-647(There)-383(was)-382(much)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(selfishness)-284(and)-283(grossness,)-292(no)-284(doubt,)-292(in)-284(all)-283(this)-284(civic)-284(life.)-350(Which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(later)-282(age)-283(can)-282(cast)-282(the)-282(first)-283(st)1(one?)-347(Yet)-282(a)-283(study)-282(of)-282(the)-282(inscriptions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-443(the)-443(Antonine)-443(age)-443(leaves)-443(the)-443(impression)-442(that,)-492(amid)-443(all)-442(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sharply)-359(drawn)-358(distinctions)-358(of)-359(rank,)-386(with)-358(all)-359(the)-358(petty)-358(ambition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-316(self-assertion,)-333(or)-316(the)-317(fawning)-316(and)-316(expectant)-317(servility,)-332(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-329(also)-330(a)-329(genuine)-329(patriotic)-330(benevolence)-329(on)-330(the)-329(one)-329(hand,)-349(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-310(grateful)-311(recognition)-310(of)-311(it)-310(on)-311(the)-310(other.)-431(The)-311(citizens)-310(record)-310(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-240(a)-240(tablet)-241(their)-240(gratitude)-240(to)-240(patron)-241(or)-240(duumvir)-240(or)-240(augustal,)-242(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-296(some)-296(simple)-295(old)-296(centurion,)-307(returned)-296(from)-296(far)-296(frontier)-295(camps,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-234(had)-233(paved)-233(their)-234(promenade,)-237(or)-233(restored)-234(their)-233(baths,)-237(or)-233(given)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-318(a)-317(shrine)-318(of)-318(Neptune)-318(or)-317(Silvanus.)-453(They)-318(also)-318(preserved)-317(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(memory)-438(of)-437(many)-438(a)-438(kindly)-437(benefactor)-438(who)-438(left,)-484(as)-438(he)-437(fondly)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1343 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1344 0 R /Resources 1342 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1338 0 R >> endobj 1345 0 obj << /D [1343 0 R /XYZ 201.023 477.528 null] >> endobj 1342 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1348 0 obj << /Length 6075 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(286)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(thought)-461(for)-460(ever,)-514(the)-461(funds)-460(for)-461(an)-461(annual)-461(feast,)-513(with)-461(all)-460(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(graduated)-443(shares)-443(scrupulously)-442(prescribed,)-491(to)-443(save)-443(an)-442(obscure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tomb)-429(from)-430(the)-429(general)-429(oblivion.)-788(Thus,)-474(although)-429(that)-429(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(city)-280(life)-280(had)-279(its)-280(sordid)-280(side,)-287(which)-280(is)-279(laid)-280(bare)-280(with)-280(such)-279(pitiless)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Rabelaisian)-356(realism)-355(by)-356(Petronius,)-382(it)-355(had)-356(its)-355(nobler)-356(aspect)-355(also.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Notwithstanding)-251(the)-250(aristocratic)-251(tone)-250(of)-251(municipal)-250(society)-251(in)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-270(of)-270(the)-271(Antonines,)-275(it)-270(is)-270(possible)-271(that)-270(the)-270(separation)-270(of)-270(classes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-423(our)-423(great)-423(centres)-422(of)-423(population)-423(is)-423(morally)-423(more)-423(sharp)-422(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([234])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(decided)-390(than)-389(it)-390(was)-389(in)-389(the)-390(days)-389(when)-390(the)-389(gulf)-390(between)-389(social)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ranks)-250(was)-250(in)-250(theory)-250(impassable.)]TJ 11.956 -16.007 Td [(There)-241(is)-241(however)-242(another)-241(side)-241(to)-241(this)-242(picture)-241(of)-241(fraternal)-241(civic)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(life.)-481(If)-327(some)-327(of)-327(its)-327(pleasures)-327(were)-327(innocent)-327(and)-327(even)-327(softening)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-431(elevating,)-476(there)-431(were)-431(others)-431(which)-431(pandered)-431(to)-431(the)-431(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brutal)-377(and)-377(cruel)-377(passions.)-630(The)-377(love)-377(of)-377(amusement)-377(grew)-376(upon)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-406(Roman)-405(character)-406(as)-406(civilisation)-405(developed)-406(in)-405(organisation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-218(splendour,)-225(and)-219(unfortunately)-218(the)-219(favourite)-218(amusements)-218(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-272(obscene)-271(and)-272(cruel.)-314(The)-272(calendar)-271(of)-272(the)-271(time)-272(is)-271(sufficiently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ominous.)-646(The)-381(number)-382(of)-382(days)-382(which)-382(were)-382(annually)-382(given)-381(up)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-357(games)-357(and)-357(spectacles)-357(at)-357(Rome)-357(rose)-357(from)-357(66)-357(in)-357(the)-357(reign)-357(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Augustus,)-436(to)-398(135)-398(in)-399(the)-398(reign)-399(of)-398(M.)-399(Aurelius,)-435(and)-399(to)-398(175,)-435(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more,)-231(in)-226(the)-226(fourth)-226(century.)-242(In)-226(this)-226(reckoning)-226(no)-226(account)-226(is)-225(taken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-299(extraordinary)-300(festivals)-299(on)-300(special)-299(occasions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.891 3.959 Td [(1326)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.782 -3.959 Td [(The)-299(Flavian)]TJ -227.673 -13.549 Td [(amphitheatre)-366(was)-365(inaugurated)-366(by)-366(Titus)-365(with)-366(lavish)-365(exhibitions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extending)-403(over)-403(100)-402(days.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.68 3.958 Td [(1327)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.165 -3.958 Td [(The)-403(Dacian)-402(triumphs)-403(of)-403(Trajan)]TJ -138.845 -13.55 Td [(were)-332(celebrated)-332(by)-332(similar)-332(rejoicings)-331(for)-332(123)-332(days,)-353(and)-331(10,000)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gladiators)-391(were)-392(sent)-391(down)-391(into)-392(the)-391(arena.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.3 3.959 Td [(1328)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.79 -3.959 Td [(The)-391(rage)-392(of)-391(all)]TJ -212.09 -13.549 Td [(classes)-295(of)-295(the)-295(Roman)-296(populace)-295(for)-295(these)-295(sights)-295(of)-295(suffering)-295(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shame)-181(continued)-182(unabated)-181(to)-181(the)-182(very)-181(end)-181(of)-182(the)-181(Western)-181(Empire.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-295(lubricity)-296(of)-295(pantomime)-295(and)-295(the)-295(slaughter)-296(of)-295(the)-295(arena)-295(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(never)-267(more)-266(fiercely)-267(and)-266(keenly)-266(enjoyed)-267(than)-266(when)-267(the)-266(Germans)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.149 Td [(1326)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(ii.)-250(142;)-250(cf.)-250(Jul.)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.939 0 Td [(M.)-250(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.89 0 Td [(c.)-250(x.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -199.752 -7.31 Td [(1327)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.454 0 Td [(vii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.574 -7.311 Td [(1328)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-256(Cass.)-268(68.)-268(15,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 59.725 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.932 0 Td [(\270\255\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.901 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-256(\304\301\271\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.906 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.932 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.932 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\277\303\271)-256(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.536 0 Td [(v)-256(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.699 0 Td [(\272\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.135 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.842 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274\255\301\261\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.183 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\277\257\267\303\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -251.427 -10.959 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\274\277\275\277\274\254\307\277\271)-250(\274\315\301\271\277\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 67.194 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\263\311\275\257\303\261\275\304\277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.577 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1347 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1348 0 R /Resources 1346 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1338 0 R >> endobj 1349 0 obj << /D [1347 0 R /XYZ 264.597 423.331 null] >> endobj 1346 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1352 0 obj << /Length 5179 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(287)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(were)-250(thundering)-250(at)-250(the)-250(gates)-250(of)-250(Tr\350ves)-250(and)-250(Carthage.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.542 3.959 Td [(1329)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -218.586 -25.704 Td [(It)-426(is)-426(difficult)-426(for)-426(us)-426(now)-426(to)-426(understand)-426(this)-426(lust)-426(of)-426(cruelty)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(among)-263(a)-262(people)-263(otherwise)-262(highly)-263(civilised,)-266(a)-262(passion)-263(which)-262(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(felt)-384(not)-384(merely)-384(by)-384(the)-384(base)-383(rabble,)-418(but)-384(even)-384(by)-384(the)-383(cultivated)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-371(humane.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.068 3.959 Td [(1330)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.134 -3.959 Td [(There)-371(was)-371(undoubtedly)-372(at)-371(all)-371(times)-371(a)-372(coarse)]TJ -80.202 -13.549 Td [(insensibility)-253(to)-253(suffering)-253(in)-254(the)-253(Roman)-253(character.)-259(The)-253(institution)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-335(slavery,)-356(which)-334(involves)-335(the)-335(denial)-334(of)-335(ordinary)-335(human)-334(rights)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-347(masses)-347(of)-347(fellow-creatures,)-371(had)-347(its)-347(usual)-347(effect)-347(in)-347(rendering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-517(contemptuously)-517(callous)-517(to)-517(the)-517(fate)-517(of)-517(all)-517(who)-517(did)-517(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(belong)-336(to)-336(the)-336(privileged)-336(class.)-507(Even)-336(a)-336(man)-336(of)-336(high)-336(moral)-335(tone)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-395(Tacitus,)-431(while)-394(he)-395(condemns)-395(Drusus)-394(for)-395(gloating)-395(over)-394(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gladiatorial)-443(shows,)-491(has)-443(only)-443(a)-443(word)-443(of)-443(scorn)-443(for)-443(the)-442(victims)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-438(the)-437(butchery.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.861 3.959 Td [(1331)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.301 -3.959 Td [(And)-437(the)-438(appetite)-437(grew)-438(with)-437(what)-438(it)-437(fed)]TJ -98.162 -13.549 Td [(on.)-525(From)-342(father)-341(to)-342(son,)-364(for)-342(nearly)-342(seven)-341(centuries,)-365(the)-341(Roman)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([235])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(character)-307(became)-307(more)-307(and)-307(more)-307(indurated)-307(under)-307(the)-306(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(licensed)-362(cruelty.)-585(The)-362(spectacle)-362(was)-362(also)-362(surrounded)-362(by)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperors,)-187(even)-171(the)-171(greatest)-171(and)-171(best,)-187(for)-171(politic)-171(reasons,)-187(with)-171(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(growing)-379(splendour.)-636(The)-378(Flavian)-379(amphitheatre,)-411(which)-378(remains)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-415(a)-415(monument)-414(of)-415(the)-415(glory)-415(of)-415(the)-414(Empire)-415(and)-415(of)-415(its)-414(shame,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(must)-253(have)-253(been)-253(a)-253(powerful)-253(corruptor.)-259(There,)-254(tier)-253(above)-253(tier,)-253(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gathered)-196(the)-195(concentrated)-196(excitability)-195(and)-196(contagious)-195(enthusiasm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-164(87,000)-165(spectators.)-221(The)-164(imperial)-164(circle)-165(and)-164(the)-164(emperor)-164(himself,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(members)-216(of)-216(high)-216(senatorial)-216(houses,)-223(the)-216(great)-216(officers)-217(of)-216(state,)-222(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(priests,)-254(the)-253(vestal)-254(virgins,)-254(gave)-253(an)-254(impressive)-253(national)-253(dignity)-253(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-309(inhuman)-308(spectacle.)-426(And)-308(now)-309(and)-308(then)-309(an)-308(Eastern)-309(prince)-308(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ambassador,)-326(or)-311(the)-311(chief)-311(of)-311(some)-311(half-savage)-311(tribe)-311(in)-311(Germany)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-269(Numidia,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 52.931 3.959 Td [(1332)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.425 -3.959 Td [(amused)-269(the)-269(eyes)-269(of)-269(the)-269(rabble)-269(who)-269(swarmed)-269(on)]TJ -72.356 -13.549 Td [(the)-281(upper)-281(benches.)-343(Every)-281(device)-281(of)-281(luxurious)-281(art)-281(was)-281(employed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-332(heighten)-331(the)-332(baser)-331(attractions)-331(of)-332(the)-331(scene.)-495(The)-331(magnificent)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.31 Td [(1329)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Salv.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(De)-250(Gub.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.567 0 Td [(,)-250(vi.)-250(\247)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -80.687 -7.311 Td [(1330)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(Conf.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.923 0 Td [(vi.)-250(8;)-250(cf.)-250(Sym.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.054 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(ii.)-250(46.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -124.04 -7.31 Td [(1331)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(i.)-250(76,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(vili)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.701 0 Td [(sanguine)-250(nimis)-250(gaudens.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.673 -7.311 Td [(1332)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.416 0 Td [(xxxv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1351 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1352 0 R /Resources 1350 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1338 0 R >> endobj 1353 0 obj << /D [1351 0 R /XYZ 66.134 333.84 null] >> endobj 1350 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1356 0 obj << /Length 5212 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(288)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(pile)-217(was)-217(brightened)-218(with)-217(gems)-217(of)-217(artistic)-217(skill.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.3 3.959 Td [(1333)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.046 -3.959 Td [(The)-217(arena)-217(was)]TJ -218.346 -13.549 Td [(tesselated)-278(with)-279(rich)-278(colouring)-279(from)-278(the)-279(sunlight)-278(which)-278(streamed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-409(the)-409(awnings.)-727(The)-409(waters)-409(of)-409(perfumed)-409(fountains)-408(shot)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(high)-370(into)-371(the)-370(air,)-400(spreading)-370(their)-371(fragrant)-370(coolness;)-430(and)-370(music)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(filled)-308(the)-309(pauses)-308(in)-308(the)-308(ghastly)-309(conflict.)-425(From)-308(scenes)-308(like)-308(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-516(probably)-516(drawn)-517(the)-516(picture)-516(in)-516(the)-516(Apocalypse:)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 250.936 0 Td [(Mulier)]TJ -250.936 -13.549 Td [(circumdata)-245(purpura)-246(et)-245(coccino)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 135.282 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 9.698 0 Td [(mater)-245(fornicationum)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 89.949 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 9.698 0 Td [(ebria)-245(de)]TJ -244.627 -13.549 Td [(sanguine)-250(sanctorum.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.956 -14.717 Td [(In)-638(the)-639(first)-638(and)-638(second)-638(centuries)-639(the)-638(passion)-638(for)-638(cruel)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(excitement)-506(was)-506(as)-506(strong)-506(in)-506(the)-506(provincial)-506(towns)-506(as)-506(it)-506(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(even)-297(at)-298(Rome.)-392(This)-298(may)-297(have)-297(been)-298(partly)-297(due)-298(to)-297(the)-297(monotony)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-280(provincial)-281(life.)-341(It)-280(was)-280(also)-281(stimulated)-280(by)-280(the)-281(ease)-280(with)-280(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(public)-230(sentiment)-230(extorted)-230(the)-230(means)-230(for)-230(these)-230(gratifications)-229(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-271(richer)-271(citizens.)-312(The)-271(opinion)-271(of)-271(the)-271(powerful)-271(and)-270(enlightened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class,)-190(with)-176(rare)-176(exceptions,)-190(made)-176(no)-175(effort)-176(to)-175(purify)-176(and)-175(humanise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-198(grossness)-197(of)-198(the)-197(masses.)-232(Seneca)-198(and)-197(Demonax)-198(indeed)-197(display)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-458(modern)-457(humanity)-458(in)-457(their)-457(view)-458(of)-457(the)-458(degrading)-457(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-478(these)-477(displays.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.413 3.959 Td [(1334)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.614 -3.959 Td [(A)-477(humane)-478(magistrate)-478(of)-477(Vienne,)-535(one)]TJ -107.027 -13.549 Td [(Trebonius)-290(Rufinus,)-300(in)-290(the)-290(reign)-290(of)-290(Trajan,)-300(having)-289(autocratically)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abolished)-220(them)-219(in)-220(his)-219(city,)-226(was)-220(called)-219(upon)-220(to)-219(defend)-220(his)-219(conduct)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([236])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(before)-437(the)-437(emperor,)-484(and)-437(Junius)-437(Mauricus)-437(had)-437(the)-437(courage)-437(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(express)-167(before)-168(the)-167(council)-167(a)-168(wish)-167(that)-167(they)-168(could)-167(be)-167(abolished)-167(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-293(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.866 3.959 Td [(1335)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.584 -3.959 Td [(Augustus)-293(had,)-305(by)-293(an)-293(imperial)-294(edict,)-304(restrained)-293(the)]TJ -60.45 -13.549 Td [(cruel)-250(exhibitions)-250(of)-250(the)-251(father)-250(of)-250(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.152 3.959 Td [(1336)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.171 -3.959 Td [(Vespasian,)-250(according)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 194.268 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 187.455 Td [(1333)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Calpurn.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.372 0 Td [(Ecl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.436 0 Td [(vii.)-250(24)-250(sqq.)]TJ -52.797 -20.113 Td [(Vidimus)-250(in)-250(caelum)-250(trabibus)-250(spectacula)-250(textis)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Surgere,)-250(Tarpeium)-250(prope)-250(despectantia)-250(culmen)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 165.089 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -165.089 -10.959 Td [(...)-250(Sic)-250(undique)-250(fulgor)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Percussit:)-250(stabam)-250(defixus)-250(et)-250(ore)-250(patenti,)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(Cunctaque)-250(mirabar,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -11.706 -16.465 Td [(1334)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.278 0 Td [(De)-300(Brev.)-400(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.296 0 Td [(viii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.61 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.893 0 Td [(95,)-313(\247)-300(33;)-325(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.839 0 Td [(Reipubl.)-400(Ger.)-400(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 67.391 0 Td [(c.)-400(29;)-325(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -240.263 -10.959 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.412 0 Td [(c.)-250(57.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -24.151 -7.394 Td [(1335)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iv.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.311 Td [(1336)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1355 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1356 0 R /Resources 1354 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1338 0 R >> endobj 1357 0 obj << /D [1355 0 R /XYZ 292.43 259.573 null] >> endobj 1354 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1360 0 obj << /Length 5789 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(289)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-232(Dion)-232(Cassius,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.429 3.959 Td [(1337)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.007 -3.959 Td [(had)-232(little)-232(pleasure)-231(in)-232(the)-232(shows)-232(of)-232(the)-231(arena.)]TJ -90.436 -13.549 Td [(But)-486(the)-487(emperors)-486(generally,)-546(and)-486(not)-487(least)-486(Vespasian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 245.324 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-486(sons,)]TJ -248.957 -13.549 Td [(encouraged)-270(and)-271(pandered)-270(to)-270(the)-270(lust)-270(for)-271(blood.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 204.531 3.959 Td [(1338)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.828 -3.959 Td [(The)-270(imperial)]TJ -224.358 -13.549 Td [(gladiators)-383(were)-383(organised)-383(elaborately)-383(in)-383(four)-383(great)-382(schools)-383(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Domitian,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.941 3.959 Td [(1339)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.334 -3.959 Td [(with)-409(a)-409(regular)-409(administration,)-449(presided)-409(over)-409(by)]TJ -65.276 -13.549 Td [(officers)-319(of)-318(high)-319(rank.)-455(The)-319(gentle)-318(Pliny,)-336(who)-318(had)-319(personally)-318(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(liking)-429(for)-429(such)-430(spectacles,)-474(applauded)-429(his)-429(friend)-429(Maximus)-429(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(giving)-251(a)-250(gladiatorial)-250(show)-251(to)-250(the)-251(people)-250(of)-251(Verona,)-250(to)-251(do)-250(honour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-283(his)-284(dead)-283(wife,)-292(in)-284(the)-283(true)-283(spirit)-284(of)-283(the)-284(old)-283(Bruti)-284(and)-283(Lepidi)-283(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-284(age)-284(of)-283(the)-284(Punic)-284(Wars.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.965 3.959 Td [(1340)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.271 -3.959 Td [(He)-284(found)-283(in)-284(the)-284(shows)-284(of)-283(Trajan)]TJ -137.236 -13.549 Td [(a)-250(splendid)-250(incentive)-250(of)-250(contempt)-250(for)-250(death.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(It)-235(is)-235(little)-235(wonder)-235(that,)-238(with)-235(such)-235(examples)-235(and)-235(such)-235(approval,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-276(masses)-275(gloated)-276(unrestrained)-276(over)-275(these)-276(inhuman)-276(sports.)-326(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rag-dealer)-164(at)-164(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.144 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-164(dinner)-163(is)-164(certainly)-164(drawn)-164(to)-163(the)-164(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.416 3.958 Td [(1341)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(They)-345(are)-344(going)-345(to)-345(have)-345(a)-344(three)-345(days)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 162.645 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.393 0 Td [(carnival)-345(of)-344(blood.)-535(There)]TJ -170.038 -13.549 Td [(is)-331(to)-330(be)-331(no)-330(escape;)-371(the)-331(butcher)-330(is)-331(to)-330(do)-331(his)-330(work)-331(thoroughly)-330(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(full)-400(view)-400(of)-400(the)-400(crowded)-401(tiers)-400(of)-400(the)-400(amphitheatre.)-700(It)-400(was)-400(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Etruria,)-308(and)-296(in)-296(Campania,)-308(where)-296(Trimalchio)-296(had)-297(his)-296(home,)-307(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-337(gladiatorial)-336(combats)-337(took)-336(their)-337(rise.)-509(Campanian)-337(hosts)-336(used)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-334(entertain)-334(their)-334(guests)-333(at)-334(dinner)-334(with)-334(them)-334(in)-334(the)-334(days)-333(before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(second)-284(Punic)-285(War.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.291 3.959 Td [(1342)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.296 -3.959 Td [(And)-285(it)-284(was)-285(in)-284(Campanian)-285(towns)-284(that)]TJ -119.587 -13.549 Td [(in)-256(the)-256(first)-256(century)-256(was)-256(displayed)-256(most)-256(glaringly)-256(the)-256(not)-255(unusual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(combination)-467(of)-466(cruelty)-467(and)-466(voluptuousness.)-900(The)-467(remains)-466(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pompeii)-321(furnish)-322(us)-321(with)-321(the)-321(most)-322(vivid)-321(and)-321(authentic)-321(materials)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-431(a)-431(study)-431(of)-431(the)-430(sporting)-431(tastes)-431(of)-431(a)-431(provincial)-431(town.)-793(It)-430(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(significant)-261(that)-261(the)-261(amphitheatre)-260(of)-261(Pompeii,)-264(which)-261(was)-260(capable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-354(holding)-353(20,000)-354(people,)-379(was)-354(built)-353(fifty)-354(years)-353(before)-354(the)-353(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stone)-255(amphitheatre)-255(erected)-255(by)-255(Statilius)-254(Taurus)-255(at)-255(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.583 3.959 Td [(1343)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.325 -3.959 Td [(It)-255(is)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.481 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.669 Td [(1337)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(66.)-250(15;)-250(cf.)-250(M.)-250(Aur.)-250(vi.)-250(46.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1338)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(68.)-250(10)-250(and)-250(15,)-250(66.)-250(25;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 133.249 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xi.;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.86 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -226.651 -7.311 Td [(1339)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(67.)-250(1;)-250(cf.)-250(Friedl.)-250(ii.)-250(202.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1340)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vi.)-250(34;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.159 0 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.628 -7.311 Td [(1341)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(45.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1342)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Strabo,)-250(v.)-250(c.)-250(4,)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1343)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)-250(206,)-250(207.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1359 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1360 0 R /Resources 1358 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1361 0 R >> endobj 1358 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1364 0 obj << /Length 5167 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(290)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(also)-274(remarkable)-274(that,)-280(although)-274(Pompeii)-274(is)-274(mentioned)-274(only)-274(twice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-233(Tacitus,)-237(one)-233(of)-233(the)-233(references)-233(is)-234(to)-233(a)-233(bloody)-233(riot)-233(arising)-233(out)-233(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([237])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-295(games)-296(of)-295(the)-296(amphitheatre.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.198 3.959 Td [(1344)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.653 -3.959 Td [(In)-295(the)-296(year)-295(59)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 64.995 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.201 0 Td [(a)-295(Roman)]TJ -241.047 -13.549 Td [(senator)-506(in)-505(disgrace,)-570(named)-506(Livineius)-505(Regulus,)-570(gave)-506(a)-505(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gladiatorial)-373(show)-374(at)-373(Pompeii,)-404(which)-374(attracted)-373(many)-373(spectators)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-258(the)-257(neighbouring)-258(town)-258(of)-258(Nuceria.)-273(The)-257(scenes)-258(of)-258(the)-257(arena)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-262(soon)-262(reproduced)-262(in)-263(a)-262(fierce)-262(street)-262(fight)-262(between)-262(the)-262(people)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(the)-365(two)-364(towns,)-393(in)-364(which)-364(many)-364(Nucerians)-365(were)-364(left)-364(dead)-364(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wounded.)-318(The)-272(catastrophe)-273(was)-272(brought)-273(before)-273(the)-272(emperor,)-278(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(referred)-315(by)-314(him)-315(to)-315(the)-314(Senate,)-331(with)-315(the)-314(result)-315(that)-315(Pompeii)-314(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sternly)-334(deprived)-334(of)-334(its)-334(favourite)-334(amusement)-334(for)-334(a)-334(period)-334(of)-334(ten)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years.)-407(But)-303(when)-302(the)-302(interdict)-303(was)-302(removed,)-316(the)-302(Pompeians)-302(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-307(enjoyment)-306(of)-307(thei)1(r)-307(accustomed)-306(pleasure)-307(for)-306(ten)-307(years)-306(more,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(till)-250(it)-250(was)-250(finally)-250(interrupted)-250(by)-250(the)-250(ashes)-250(of)-250(Vesuvius.)]TJ 11.956 -14.862 Td [(A)-471(building)-471(at)-471(Pompeii,)-527(which)-471(was)-471(originally)-471(a)-471(colonnade)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(connected)-247(with)-247(the)-246(theatre,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.439 3.959 Td [(1345)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.137 -3.959 Td [(had)-247(been)-246(converted)-247(into)-247(barracks)]TJ -136.576 -13.549 Td [(for)-381(a)-381(school)-382(of)-381(gladiators)-381(in)-381(the)-382(time)-381(of)-381(the)-381(early)-382(Empire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1346)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Behind)-303(the)-303(colonnade)-304(of)-303(more)-303(than)-303(seventy)-303(Doric)-303(columns)-303(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-293(built)-294(a)-293(long)-294(row)-293(of)-294(small)-293(cells,)-305(with)-293(no)-294(opening)-293(except)-293(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-341(central)-342(enclosure.)-524(There)-342(was)-341(a)-342(mess)-341(room,)-365(and)-341(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 250.946 0 Td [(exedra)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -250.946 -13.549 Td [(on)-374(the)-375(southern)-374(side)-375(served)-374(as)-374(a)-375(retiring)-374(room)-375(for)-374(the)-374(trainers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-409(the)-409(men)-408(in)-409(the)-409(intervals)-409(of)-409(exercise.)-726(The)-409(open)-409(area)-408(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(used)-247(for)-247(practice.)-249(These)-248(buildings)-247(have)-247(yielded)-247(many)-247(specimens)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-427(gladiators)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.774 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.293 0 Td [(arms,)-472(helmets,)-471(and)-427(greaves)-428(richly)-427(embossed)-427(in)]TJ -65.067 -13.55 Td [(relief,)-296(scores)-287(of)-287(mail-coats,)-296(shields,)-296(and)-287(horse-trappings.)-361(In)-286(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(room)-275(there)-275(were)-275(found)-275(the)-275(stocks,)-281(and)-275(four)-275(skeletons)-275(with)-275(irons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-337(their)-337(legs.)-510(In)-337(another,)-358(eighteen)-337(persons)-337(had)-337(taken)-337(refuge)-336(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-291(last)-290(catastrophe,)-301(and,)-301(among)-290(them,)-301(a)-290(woman)-291(wearing)-290(costly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(jewels.)-510(The)-337(walls)-337(and)-336(columns)-337(were)-337(covered)-337(with)-336(inscriptions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-261(rude)-261(sketches)-261(of)-260(gladiatorial)-261(life.)-283(Indeed)-261(the)-261(graffiti)-260(relating)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-243(it)-243(are)-243(perhaps)-243(the)-243(most)-243(interesting)-243(in)-243(Pompeii.)-248(On)-242(some)-243(of)-243(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.086 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.274 Td [(1344)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.546 -7.394 Td [(1345)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)-250(152.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1346)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(ii.)-250(206.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1363 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1364 0 R /Resources 1362 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1361 0 R >> endobj 1365 0 obj << /D [1363 0 R /XYZ 316.362 504.626 null] >> endobj 1362 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1368 0 obj << /Length 5239 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(291)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(tombs)-364(outside)-364(the)-364(city)-364(we)-364(can)-364(still)-364(read)-364(the)-364(notices)-364(of)-364(coming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(games,)-437(painted)-400(on)-400(the)-400(walls)-400(by)-400(a)-399(professional)-400(advertiser,)-437(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aemilius)-301(Celer,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.064 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(by)-301(the)-301(light)-301(of)-301(the)-300(moon.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 110.655 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1347)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.72 -3.959 Td [(They)-301(announce)]TJ -213.126 -13.549 Td [(that)-319(a)-318(duumvir)-319(or)-318(aedile)-319(or)-319(flamen)-318(will)-319(exhibit)-318(twenty)-319(or)-318(thirty)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pairs)-304(of)-304(combatants)-303(on)-304(the)-304(calends)-304(of)-304(May)-303(or)-304(the)-304(ides)-304(of)-303(April.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-284(will)-284(also)-285(be)-284(a)-284(hunt,)-293(athletic)-284(games,)-293(a)-284(distribution)-284(of)-284(gifts,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([238])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(and)-422(awnings)-423(will)-422(be)-422(provided.)-767(Programmes)-423(were)-422(for)-422(sale)-422(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(advance,)-324(with)-309(a)-308(list)-309(of)-309(the)-309(events.)-427(The)-309(contents)-309(of)-309(one)-309(can)-308(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-340(read)-339(scratched)-340(on)-339(a)-340(wall,)-362(with)-339(marginal)-340(notes)-339(of)-340(the)-339(results)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-424(the)-425(competition.)-773(In)-424(one)-425(conflict,)-468(Pugnax,)-468(in)-424(the)-424(Thracian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arms,)-371(had)-347(beaten)-347(Murranus)-347(the)-347(Myrmillo,)-371(fighting)-347(in)-347(the)-347(arms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-261(Gaul,)-265(with)-261(the)-261(fish)-262(upon)-261(his)-261(helmet;)-267(and)-261(the)-262(fate)-261(of)-261(Murranus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-326(chronicled)-326(in)-325(one)-326(tragic)-326(letter)-326(p.)-477(\050)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 163.171 0 Td [(periit)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.64 0 Td [(\051.)-477(Two)-326(others)-326(fought)]TJ -186.811 -13.549 Td [(in)-271(chariots)-271(in)-271(old)-271(British)-271(fashion.)-313(And)-271(the)-271(Publius)-271(Ostorius)-270(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(won)-199(was,)-210(as)-199(his)-200(name)-199(may)-200(suggest,)-209(a)-200(freedman,)-209(now)-200(fighting)-199(as)-199(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(voluntary)-170(combatant,)-186(according)-171(to)-170(the)-170(inscription,)-186(in)-170(his)-170(fifty-first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conflict.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.055 3.959 Td [(1348)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.884 -3.959 Td [(The)-364(tomb)-363(of)-364(Umbricius)-363(Scaurus,)-392(on)-364(the)-364(highway)]TJ -58.939 -13.549 Td [(outside)-257(the)-257(Herculaneum)-257(gate,)-258(was)-257(adorned)-257(in)-257(stucco)-257(relief)-256(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(animated)-332(scenes)-331(from)-332(the)-331(arena)-332(of)-331(hunting)-331(and)-332(battle.)-494(Hunters)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-222(sword)-222(and)-221(cloak,)-228(like)-222(a)-222(modern)-221(tor\351ador,)-228(are)-222(engaging)-221(lions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-241(tigers.)-247(Two)-241(gladiators)-241(are)-241(charging)-241(one)-241(another)-241(on)-241(horseback.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Here,)-248(a)-247(vanquished)-247(combatant,)-247(with)-247(upturned)-247(hand,)-248(is)-246(imploring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-305(pity)-304(of)-305(the)-305(spectators,)-318(while)-305(another)-305(is)-304(sinking)-305(in)-305(the)-304(agony)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-308(death)-308(upon)-308(the)-308(sand.)-424(The)-308(name,)-323(the)-308(school,)-322(and)-308(the)-308(fighting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(history)-270(of)-271(each)-270(combatant)-270(are)-271(painted)-270(beside)-270(the)-271(figure.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.836 3.958 Td [(1349)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.831 -3.958 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.55 Td [(universal)-284(enthusiasm)-284(for)-284(the)-284(shows)-284(is)-284(expressed)-284(in)-284(many)-284(a)-283(rude)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sketch)-348(which)-348(has)-348(been)-347(traced)-348(by)-348(boyish)-348(hands)-348(upon)-348(the)-347(walls.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-445(record)-446(of)-445(the)-445(heroes)-446(of)-445(the)-445(arena)-446(was)-445(evidently)-445(then)-445(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(familiar)-329(as)-329(that)-329(of)-329(a)-329(champion)-329(footballer)-329(or)-329(cricketer)-329(is)-329(now)-328(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-426(own)-425(sporting)-426(youth.)-776(In)-426(the)-426(peristyle)-425(of)-426(a)-425(house)-426(in)-425(Nola)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.149 Td [(1347)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)-268(216,)-269(217.)-295(The)-264(words)-265(in)-265(one)-265(of)-265(these,)-268(flaminis)-265(Neronis)-265(Caesaris)-265(Aug.)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(fili,)-250(fix)-250(the)-250(date)-250(between)-250(50)-250(and)-250(54)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 127.251 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -129.99 -7.31 Td [(1348)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)-250(217,)-250(218.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1349)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(411.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1367 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1368 0 R /Resources 1366 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1361 0 R >> endobj 1369 0 obj << /D [1367 0 R /XYZ 197.939 450.429 null] >> endobj 1366 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1372 0 obj << /Length 5155 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(292)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Street,)-456(the)-414(names)-415(of)-415(some)-414(thirty)-415(gladiators)-414(can)-415(be)-415(read,)-455(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-415(character)-415(of)-414(their)-415(arms)-415(and)-414(the)-415(number)-415(of)-415(their)-414(conflicts.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Portraits)-301(of)-300(gladiators)-301(are)-301(figured)-300(on)-301(lamps)-301(and)-300(rings)-301(and)-300(vases)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(the)-327(period.)-483(The)-328(charm)-328(of)-327(their)-328(manly)-328(strength,)-347(according)-327(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Juvenal,)-305(was)-293(fatal)-294(to)-294(the)-293(peace)-294(of)-294(many)-294(a)-293(Roman)-294(matron)-294(of)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-415(world.)-744(And)-415(the)-415(humbler)-415(girls)-414(of)-415(Pompeii)-415(have)-415(left)-414(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(memorial)-317(of)-318(their)-317(weakness)-317(in)-318(more)-317(than)-317(one)-318(frank)-317(outburst)-317(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rather)-250(unmaidenly)-250(admiration.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.404 3.959 Td [(1350)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -120.448 -20.764 Td [(It)-184(is)-183(a)-184(grave)-184(deduction)-183(from)-184(the)-184(admiring)-183(judgment)-184(of)-184(the)-183(glory)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-209(the)-210(Antonine)-209(age,)-217(that)-210(its)-209(most)-209(splendid)-210(remains)-209(are)-209(the)-209(stately)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(buildings)-410(within)-410(whose)-410(enclosure,)-450(for)-410(centuries,)-450(the)-410(populace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-395(regaled)-395(with)-395(the)-396(sufferings)-395(and)-395(the)-395(blood)-395(of)-395(the)-395(noblest)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([239])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(creatures)-433(of)-434(the)-433(wild)-434(animal)-433(world)-434(and)-433(of)-434(gallant)-433(men.)-800(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deserts)-340(and)-341(forests)-340(of)-341(Africa)-340(and)-340(the)-341(remotest)-340(East)-340(contributed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-224(elephants)-224(and)-224(panthers)-224(and)-224(lions)-224(to)-224(these)-224(scenes.)-241(And)-224(every)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(province)-165(of)-165(the)-165(Empire)-164(sent)-165(its)-165(contingent)-165(of)-165(recruits)-165(for)-165(the)-164(arena,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gaul,)-359(Germany,)-358(and)-337(Thrace,)-359(Britain)-337(and)-337(Dacia,)-359(the)-337(villages)-336(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(Atlas,)-335(and)-317(the)-318(deserts)-318(of)-318(the)-318(Soudan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.792 3.959 Td [(1351)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.384 -3.959 Td [(Just)-318(in)-318(proportion)]TJ -202.176 -13.549 Td [(to)-255(the)-256(depth)-255(of)-255(the)-255(impress)-256(made)-255(by)-255(Roman)-256(civilisation,)-256(was)-255(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amphitheatre)-224(more)-224(or)-224(less)-224(popular)-224(in)-223(the)-224(provinces.)-242(In)-224(Italy)-223(itself)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-364(passion)-365(was)-364(naturally)-364(strongest.)-593(Quiet)-364(little)-365(places,)-392(buried)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-393(the)-393(Apennines,)-429(or)-394(in)-393(the)-393(mountains)-393(of)-393(Samnium,)-429(had)-393(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(regular)-299(spectacles,)-312(and)-299(record)-299(their)-299(gratitude)-299(for)-299(the)-299(pleasure)-299(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-263(magistrate)-264(or)-263(patron.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.785 3.959 Td [(1352)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.606 -3.959 Td [(The)-263(little)-264(town)-263(of)-264(Fidenae,)-266(in)-264(the)]TJ -136.391 -13.549 Td [(reign)-374(of)-374(Tiberius,)-405(gained)-374(for)-374(a)-374(moment)-374(a)-374(sinister)-374(fame)-374(by)-374(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(collapse)-375(of)-375(its)-375(amphitheatre,)-406(involving)-375(the)-375(death)-375(or)-375(mutilation)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-289(50,000)-289(spectators.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 91.743 3.959 Td [(1353)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.437 -3.959 Td [(An)-289(augustal)-289(of)-289(Praeneste)-288(endowed)-289(his)]TJ -112.18 -13.549 Td [(town)-330(with)-329(a)-330(school)-329(of)-330(gladiators,)-349(and)-330(received)-330(a)-329(statue)-330(for)-329(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contribution)-411(to)-411(the)-411(pleasures)-410(of)-411(the)-411(populace.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.165 3.959 Td [(1354)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.43 -3.959 Td [(A.)-411(Clodius)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.66 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.764 Td [(1350)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(220;)-250(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(82)-250(sqq.;)-250(cf.)-250(Mart.)-250(v.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1351)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)-250(ii.)-250(189.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(1352)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(92.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1353)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.546 -7.394 Td [(1354)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2532.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1371 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1372 0 R /Resources 1370 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1361 0 R >> endobj 1373 0 obj << /D [1371 0 R /XYZ 325.015 365.878 null] >> endobj 1370 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1376 0 obj << /Length 5567 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(293)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Flaccus)-315(of)-314(Pompeii,)-331(in)-315(his)-315(first)-314(duumvirate,)-331(on)-315(the)-314(Apollinaria,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gave)-335(an)-335(exhibition)-335(in)-335(the)-336(forum)-335(of)-335(bull-fighting,)-356(pugilism,)-356(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pantomime.)-509(He)-336(signalised)-336(his)-336(second)-336(tenure)-337(of)-336(the)-336(office)-336(by)-336(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(show)-340(of)-340(thirty-five)-340(pairs)-340(of)-340(gladiators,)-362(with)-340(a)-340(hunting)-340(scene)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(bulls,)-302(boars,)-301(and)-291(bears.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 101.554 3.959 Td [(1355)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.513 -3.959 Td [(At)-291(Minturnae,)-302(a)-291(monument)-291(reminds)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -122.067 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-424(excellent)-424(citizens)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.293 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.47 0 Td [(that,)-468(in)-424(a)-424(show)-424(lasting)-424(for)-424(four)-424(days,)]TJ -109.607 -13.549 Td [(eleven)-273(of)-272(the)-273(foremost)-272(of)-272(Campanian)-273(gladiators)-272(had)-273(died)-272(before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-405(eyes,)-445(along)-405(with)-406(ten)-405(ferocious)-405(bears.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.376 3.959 Td [(1356)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.252 -3.959 Td [(At)-405(Compsa)-406(in)]TJ -216.628 -13.549 Td [(Samnium,)-496(a)-447(place)-446(hardly)-447(ever)-447(heard)-446(of,)-496(the)-447(common)-446(people)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(erected)-248(a)-249(statue)-248(to)-248(a)-249(priest)-248(of)-248(Magna)-249(Mater,)-248(who)-249(had)-248(given)-248(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-192(splendid)-192(show,)-203(and)-192(he)-192(in)-192(turn)-191(rewarded)-192(their)-192(gratitude)-192(by)-192(a)-191(feast)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-336(both)-337(sexes,)-357(which)-337(lasted)-336(over)-336(two)-337(days.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 190.74 3.959 Td [(1357)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.989 -3.959 Td [(Similar)-336(records)]TJ -212.729 -13.549 Td [(of)-398(misplaced)-397(munificence)-398(might)-398(be)-397(produced)-398(from)-397(Bovianum)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-427(Beneventum,)-472(from)-427(Tibur)-427(and)-427(Perusia,)-472(and)-427(many)-427(another)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(obscure)-359(Italian)-359(town.)-578(But)-359(the)-359(brutal)-359(insensibility)-359(of)-359(the)-359(age)-359(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-328(nowhere)-328(so)-328(glaringly)-328(paraded)-328(as)-328(in)-328(the)-328(days)-327(following)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-207(short-lived)-208(victory)-207(of)-208(the)-207(Vitellian)-208(arms)-207(at)-208(Bedriacum.)-235(There,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-192(that)-191(ghastly)-192(plain,)-203(on)-192(which)-192(his)-191(rival)-192(had)-192(been)-191(crushed)-192(and)-191(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(closed)-307(a)-308(tainted)-307(life)-307(by)-308(a)-307(not)-307(inglorious)-308(death,)-321(Vitellius)-307(gloated)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([240])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(over)-321(the)-322(wreck)-321(of)-321(the)-321(great)-322(struggle.)-463(The)-322(trees)-321(were)-321(cut)-321(down,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(crops)-314(trampled)-314(into)-314(mire;)-346(the)-314(soil)-314(was)-314(soaked)-314(and)-314(festering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-410(blood,)-451(while)-410(mangled)-410(forms)-410(of)-411(men)-410(and)-410(horses)-410(still)-410(lay)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rotting)-286(till)-287(the)-286(vultures)-286(should)-287(complete)-286(their)-286(obsequies.)-359(Within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forty)-323(days)-323(of)-323(the)-323(battle,)-341(the)-323(emperor)-323(attended)-323(great)-322(gladiatorial)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(combats)-270(given)-270(by)-271(his)-270(generals)-270(at)-270(Cremona)-271(and)-270(Bononia,)-275(as)-270(if)-270(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revive)-322(the)-322(memory)-322(of)-322(the)-321(carnage)-322(by)-322(a)-322(cruel)-322(mimicry.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.148 3.959 Td [(1358)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.519 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(grim)-329(literary)-328(avenger)-329(of)-328(that)-329(carnival)-328(of)-329(blood)-328(has)-329(pictured)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-250(monster)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.241 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(end,)-251(within)-250(a)-251(short)-250(space,)-251(in)-250(colours)-251(that)-250(will)]TJ -77.874 -13.549 Td [(never)-312(fade,)-328(deserted)-312(by)-313(his)-312(meanest)-312(servants,)-328(shuddering)-312(at)-312(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ghastly)-251(terrors)-250(of)-251(the)-250(vast,)-251(silent)-251(solitudes)-250(of)-251(the)-251(palace,)-250(dragged)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.457 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.561 Td [(1355)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2530.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1356)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(6148;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(1074,)-250(6012.)-250(This)-250(was)-250(given)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 110.331 0 Td [(postulante)-250(populo)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.513 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -247.076 -7.395 Td [(1357)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(5963,)-250(5972,)-250(2531;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.499 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(228.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -142.466 -7.394 Td [(1358)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(70-72.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1375 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1376 0 R /Resources 1374 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1361 0 R >> endobj 1377 0 obj << /D [1375 0 R /XYZ 295.285 274.29 null] >> endobj 1374 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1380 0 obj << /Length 5485 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(294)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(forth)-431(from)-430(his)-431(hiding,)-476(and)-430(flung)-431(with)-430(insults)-431(and)-430(execrations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-237(the)-238(Gemonian)-237(Stairs.)-246(The)-237(dying)-237(gladiator)-238(of)-237(Cremona)-237(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-250(than)-250(avenged.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 85.735 3.959 Td [(1359)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -73.779 -19.885 Td [(The)-241(western)-241(provinces)-242(bordering)-241(on)-241(the)-241(Mediterranean,)-243(Gaul,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Spain,)-311(and)-298(Africa,)-311(drank)-298(deepest)-298(of)-299(the)-298(spirit)-299(which)-298(created)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-402(amphitheatres)-401(of)-402(Arles,)-440(Tr\350ves,)-439(and)-402(Carthage,)-439(Placentia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-225(Verona,)-230(of)-225(Puteoli,)-230(Pompeii,)-230(and)-225(Capua.)-242(But)-225(the)-225(East)-225(caught)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-463(infection,)-516(and)-463(gladiatorial)-463(combats)-463(were)-463(held)-463(at)-462(Antioch)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-387(Pisidia,)-421(at)-387(Nysa)-387(in)-387(Caria,)-421(and)-387(at)-387(Laodicea;)-455(Alexandria)-387(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-432(amphitheatre)-432(from)-432(the)-432(days)-432(of)-433(Augustus,)-477(and)-432(a)-432(school)-432(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gladiators,)-474(presided)-429(over)-428(by)-429(a)-429(high)-429(imperial)-429(officer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.646 3.959 Td [(1360)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.02 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(Teutonic)-317(regions)-318(of)-317(the)-318(north)-317(and)-318(Greece)-317(were)-318(almost)-317(the)-317(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provinces)-407(in)-407(which)-407(the)-408(bloody)-407(games)-407(were)-407(not)-407(popular.)-721(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(one)-362(Greek)-362(town)-362(where)-362(the)-362(taste)-362(for)-362(them)-362(was)-362(fully)-361(developed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-364(the)-365(mongrel)-364(city)-364(of)-364(Corinth,)-393(which)-365(was)-364(a)-364(Roman)-364(colony.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-323(the)-323(novel)-322(of)-323(Apuleius)-323(we)-322(meet)-323(a)-323(high)-323(Corinthian)-322(magistrate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(travelling)-216(through)-216(Thessaly)-215(to)-216(collect)-216(the)-216(most)-216(famous)-215(gladiators)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-211(his)-211(shows.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.055 3.958 Td [(1361)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.024 -3.958 Td [(Yet)-211(even)-211(in)-211(Greece,)-219(even)-211(at)-211(Athens,)-219(which)-211(had)]TJ -79.079 -13.55 Td [(been)-239(the)-239(home)-238(of)-239(kindly)-239(pity)-239(from)-238(the)-239(days)-239(of)-239(Theseus,)-241(the)-238(cruel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passion)-382(was)-382(spreading)-381(in)-382(the)-382(days)-382(of)-381(the)-382(Antonines.)-645(Plutarch)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(urges)-406(public)-406(men)-406(to)-406(banish)-406(or)-406(to)-406(restrain)-406(these)-406(exhibitions)-405(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-321(cities.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.259 3.959 Td [(1362)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.504 -3.959 Td [(When)-321(the)-322(Athenians,)-339(from)-322(an)-321(ambition)-321(to)-322(rival)]TJ -70.763 -13.549 Td [(the)-244(splendour)-245(of)-244(Corinth,)-245(were)-244(meditating)-245(the)-244(establishment)-244(of)-244(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gladiatorial)-175(show,)-190(the)-175(gentle)-175(Demonax)-175(bade)-175(them)-175(first)-175(to)-174(overturn)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-232(altar)-232(of)-233(Pity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.38 3.959 Td [(1363)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.101 -3.959 Td [(The)-232(apostles)-232(of)-233(Hellenism,)-235(Dion,)-236(Plutarch,)]TJ -95.481 -13.549 Td [(and)-219(Lucian,)-224(were)-219(unanimous)-218(in)-219(condemning)-218(an)-219(institution)-218(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([241])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(sacrificed)-250(the)-250(bravest)-250(men)-250(to)-250(the)-250(brutal)-250(passions)-250(of)-250(the)-250(mob.)]TJ 11.956 -15.925 Td [(The)-319(games)-319(of)-319(the)-319(arena)-319(were)-319(sometimes)-319(held)-319(at)-319(the)-319(expense)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-482(the)-482(municipality)-482(on)-481(great)-482(festivals,)-540(with)-482(a)-482(public)-481(officer,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(1359)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(84.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1360)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3725,)-250(6156;)-250(Strab.)-250(xvii.)-250(1,)-250(10;)-250(Friedl.)-250(ii.)-250(204,)-250(378)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1361)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(x.)-250(18;)-250(cf.)-250(iv.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.537 -7.31 Td [(1362)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Reipubl.)-250(Ger.)-250(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.253 0 Td [(30;)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.087 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iv.)-250(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -190.301 -7.311 Td [(1363)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.411 0 Td [(57;)-250(cf.)-250(Mahaffy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.505 0 Td [(Greek)-250(World)-250(under)-250(Roman)-250(Sway)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 118.536 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(271.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1379 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1380 0 R /Resources 1378 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1361 0 R >> endobj 1381 0 obj << /D [1379 0 R /XYZ 93.543 177.069 null] >> endobj 1378 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1384 0 obj << /Length 6311 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(295)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(bearing)-424(the)-423(title)-424(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 90.598 0 Td [(curator)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.727 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.728 3.959 Td [(1364)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.534 -3.959 Td [(to)-424(direct)-423(them.)-772(But,)-467(perhaps)]TJ -147.587 -13.549 Td [(more)-269(frequently,)-273(they)-269(were)-269(given)-269(by)-269(great)-269(magistrates)-269(or)-268(priests)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-408(their)-409(own)-408(expense;)-487(or)-409(some)-408(rich)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 165.95 0 Td [(parvenu)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.749 0 Td [(,)-448(like)-408(the)-408(cobbler)]TJ -201.699 -13.549 Td [(of)-384(Bologna)-383(or)-384(the)-383(fuller)-384(of)-383(Modena,)-417(who)-383(have)-384(been)-383(ridiculed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-414(Martial,)-454(would)-414(try)-413(by)-414(such)-413(a)-414(display)-414(to)-413(force)-414(an)-413(entrance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-296(the)-295(guarded)-296(enclosure)-295(of)-296(Roman)-296(rank.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.312 3.959 Td [(1365)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.658 -3.959 Td [(There)-296(were)-295(also)]TJ -209.97 -13.549 Td [(frequent)-418(bequests)-418(to)-417(create)-418(a)-418(permanent)-418(agonistic)-417(foundation.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-362(most)-361(striking)-362(example)-361(of)-362(such)-361(a)-362(legacy)-361(is)-362(to)-361(be)-362(found)-361(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-337(inscription)-337(in)-337(honour)-336(of)-337(a)-337(munificent)-337(duumvir)-337(of)-336(Pisaurum.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-344(left)-344(a)-344(capital)-343(sum)-344(of)-344(more)-344(than)-344(\24310,000)-344(to)-344(the)-343(community.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-281(interest)-280(on)-281(two-fifths)-280(of)-281(this)-280(bequest,)-288(perhaps)-281(amounting)-280(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(\243500,)-344(was)-325(to)-326(be)-325(spent)-325(in)-326(giving)-325(a)-325(general)-326(feast)-325(on)-325(the)-325(birthday)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-276(the)-276(founder)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 62.367 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-276(son.)-328(The)-276(accumulated)-276(interest)-276(of)-276(the)-276(remaining)]TJ -65.999 -13.549 Td [(three-fifths,)-413(amounting,)-413(perhaps,)-413(to)-380(\2434000,)-413(was)-380(to)-380(be)-380(devoted)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-480(a)-481(quinquennial)-480(exhibition)-480(of)-480(gladiators.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.581 3.959 Td [(1366)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.702 -3.959 Td [(An)-480(aedile)-480(in)]TJ -222.283 -13.549 Td [(Petronius)-467(is)-467(going)-467(to)-467(spend)-467(between)-467(\2433000)-467(and)-467(\2434000)-467(on)-467(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(three)-372(days)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.861 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.69 0 Td [(show.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.756 3.959 Td [(1367)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.156 -3.959 Td [(The)-372(cost)-372(of)-372(these)-372(exhibitions,)-402(however,)]TJ -102.463 -13.549 Td [(must)-289(have)-289(widely)-289(varied.)-368(We)-289(hear)-289(of)-289(one)-289(in)-289(the)-289(second)-289(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.076 0 Td [(which)-367(cost)-367(over)-366(\2437000.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.626 3.958 Td [(1368)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.988 -3.958 Td [(The)-367(number)-367(of)-366(pairs)-367(engaged)]TJ -147.69 -13.55 Td [(appears)-276(from)-275(the)-276(inscriptions)-276(to)-275(have)-276(ranged)-276(from)-275(five)-276(to)-275(thirty.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-344(shows)-344(lasted)-344(from)-344(one)-343(to)-344(as)-344(many)-344(as)-344(eight)-344(days.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.606 3.959 Td [(1369)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.239 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(the)-377(quality)-377(of)-376(the)-377(combatants)-377(was)-377(also)-376(very)-377(various.)-630(Tiberius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-328(recalled)-328(some)-329(finished)-328(veterans)-328(from)-328(their)-328(retirement)-328(at)-328(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fee)-370(of)-369(about)-370(\243800)-369(each.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 107.306 3.958 Td [(1370)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.08 -3.958 Td [(On)-370(the)-369(other)-370(hand,)-399(a)-370(grumbler)-369(at)]TJ -130.386 -13.55 Td [(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.48 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-342(dinner)-341(sneers)-342(at)-342(a)-341(stingy)-342(aedile,)-365(whose)-341(gladiators)]TJ -52.113 -13.549 Td [(were)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.885 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(two-penny)-430(men,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.859 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.531 0 Td [(whom)-430(you)-429(might)-430(knock)-430(over)-430(with)-429(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.483 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.67 Td [(1364)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2373,)-250(7037,)-250(148,)-250(2532.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1365)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(iii.)-250(59,)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1366)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(81.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(1367)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(45.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1368)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.434 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.502 0 Td [(ii.)-978(137,)-554(Doch)-492(diese)-493(Summe)-493(erscheint)-493(gering)-493(im)]TJ -91.891 -10.959 Td [(Vergleich)-309(mit)-310(der)-309(kolossalen)-310(Verschwendung,)-324(mit)-309(der)-310(die)-309(Schauspiele)-310(in)-309(der)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(letzten)-250(Zeit)-250(der)-250(Republik)-250(gegeben)-250(wurden;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 166.837 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(6278)-250(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.629 0 Td [(Suppl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.908 0 Td [(p.)-250(1032\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -250.032 -7.31 Td [(1369)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2530;)-250(2533;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.238 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.092 0 Td [(p.)-250(58;)-250(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.604 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Att.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.151 0 Td [(12,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -233.134 -7.311 Td [(1370)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.445 0 Td [(vii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1383 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1384 0 R /Resources 1382 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1385 0 R >> endobj 1382 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1388 0 obj << /Length 5733 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(296)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(breath.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.989 3.959 Td [(1371)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.346 -3.959 Td [(Besides)-500(the)-500(great)-500(imperial)-500(schools)-500(at)-500(Praeneste,)]TJ -57.335 -13.549 Td [(Capua,)-255(or)-253(Alexandria,)-255(and)-253(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 133.821 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(families)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.149 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.61 0 Td [(maintained)-254(at)-253(all)-254(times)]TJ -181.424 -13.549 Td [(by)-297(some)-296(of)-297(the)-296(great)-297(nobles,)-308(there)-297(were)-296(vagrant)-297(troops,)-308(kept)-296(up)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([242])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(by)-411(speculative)-410(trainers)-411(for)-410(hire,)-451(such)-410(as)-411(that)-410(gang)-411(into)-410(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Vitellius)-250(sold)-250(his)-250(troublesome)-250(minion)-250(Asiaticus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.316 3.959 Td [(1372)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -198.361 -18.288 Td [(The)-410(profession)-410(of)-410(gladiator)-410(was)-410(long)-410(regarded)-410(as)-410(a)-410(tainted)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(one,)-253(on)-253(which)-252(social)-253(sentiment)-253(and)-252(law)-253(alike)-252(placed)-253(their)-253(ban.)-257(It)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-312(a)-311(calling)-312(which)-312(included)-311(the)-312(vilest)-312(or)-311(the)-312(most)-311(unfortunate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-375(mankind.)-625(Slaves,)-406(captives)-375(in)-375(war,)-406(or)-375(criminals)-374(condemned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-401(serious)-400(offences,)-439(recruited)-401(its)-400(ranks.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.007 3.959 Td [(1373)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.098 -3.959 Td [(The)-401(death)-400(in)-401(the)]TJ -205.105 -13.549 Td [(arena)-368(was)-368(thus)-368(often,)-397(really,)-398(a)-368(deferred)-368(punishment)-368(for)-367(crime.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-307(even)-308(from)-307(the)-307(later)-307(days)-308(of)-307(the)-307(Republic,)-322(men)-307(of)-307(free)-307(birth)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-267(sometimes)-268(attracted)-267(by)-268(the)-267(false)-268(glory)-267(or)-268(the)-267(solid)-267(rewards)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-422(the)-422(profession.)-767(Freedmen)-422(sometimes)-423(fought)-422(at)-422(the)-422(call)-422(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-261(patrons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.684 3.959 Td [(1374)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.516 -3.959 Td [(And,)-263(when)-261(Septimius)-261(Severus)-260(began)-261(to)-261(recruit)]TJ -77.2 -13.549 Td [(the)-309(Pretorian)-309(guard)-308(from)-309(the)-309(provinces,)-324(the)-308(youth)-309(of)-309(Italy,)-323(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-225(long)-226(enjoyed)-225(the)-226(monopoly)-225(of)-225(that)-226(pampered)-225(corps,)-230(satisfied)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-248(combative)-247(or)-248(predatory)-247(instincts)-247(by)-248(joining)-247(the)-248(ranks)-247(either)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-485(the)-485(gladiators)-484(or)-485(of)-485(the)-485(brigands.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.978 3.959 Td [(1375)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.85 -3.959 Td [(The)-485(gladiator)-485(had,)]TJ -195.828 -13.549 Td [(indeed,)-426(to)-391(submit)-391(to)-391(fearful)-391(perils)-391(and)-391(a)-391(cruel)-391(discipline.)-673(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oath)-329(bound)-329(him)-329(to)-329(endure)-328(unflinchingly)-329(scourging,)-349(burning,)-348(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.357 3.958 Td [(1376)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26 -3.958 Td [(His)-459(barracks)-459(were)-458(a)-459(closely)-459(guarded)-459(prison,)-511(and,)]TJ -52.357 -13.55 Td [(although)-263(his)-262(fare)-263(was)-263(necessarily)-262(good,)-266(his)-263(training)-263(was)-262(entirely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(directed)-297(to)-296(the)-297(production)-296(of)-297(a)-296(fine)-297(fighting)-297(animal,)-308(who)-296(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(give)-306(good)-306(sport)-306(in)-306(the)-306(arena.)-418(Yet)-306(the)-306(profession)-306(must)-306(have)-306(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-277(powerful)-277(attractions.)-331(Some)-277(of)-277(the)-277(emperors,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.893 3.959 Td [(1377)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.534 -3.959 Td [(Titus)-277(and)]TJ -239.427 -13.549 Td [(Hadrian,)-228(themselves)-223(took)-222(a)-222(pleasure)-223(in)-222(the)-223(gladiatorial)-222(exercises.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.711 Td [(1371)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(45.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1372)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.283 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.118 0 Td [(ii.)-850(202;)-550(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.526 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.706 0 Td [(xii.)-850(circumforaneo)-450(lanistae)]TJ -177.589 -10.959 Td [(vendidit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1373)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(ii.)-250(192.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.924 -7.31 Td [(1374)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(45;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(60.)-250(30.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(1375)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(74.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1376)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(ii.)-250(196.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.924 -7.311 Td [(1377)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(66.)-250(15;)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 82.939 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(14;)-250(cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.576 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(xxxiv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1387 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1388 0 R /Resources 1386 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1385 0 R >> endobj 1389 0 obj << /D [1387 0 R /XYZ 247.498 491.077 null] >> endobj 1386 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1392 0 obj << /Length 6094 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(297)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Commodus,)-450(as)-409(if)-410(to)-410(confirm)-410(the)-409(scandal)-410(about)-410(his)-409(parentage,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(actually)-495(descended)-496(into)-495(the)-495(arena,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.24 3.959 Td [(1378)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.511 -3.959 Td [(and)-495(imperial)-496(example)]TJ -180.751 -13.549 Td [(was)-335(followed)-335(by)-336(men)-335(of)-335(high)-335(rank,)-357(and)-335(even,)-356(according)-335(to)-335(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(satirist,)-409(by)-377(matronly)-377(viragoes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.502 3.958 Td [(1379)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.328 -3.958 Td [(The)-377(splendour)-377(of)-378(the)-377(arms,)]TJ -157.83 -13.55 Td [(the)-356(ostentatious)-357(pomp)-356(of)-356(the)-356(scene)-357(of)-356(combat,)-383(the)-356(applause)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thousands)-268(of)-268(spectators)-267(on)-268(the)-268(crowded)-268(benches,)-272(the)-267(fascination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-282(danger,)-290(all)-282(this)-283(invested)-282(the)-282(cruel)-282(craft)-282(with)-282(a)-282(false)-283(glory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1380)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-219(mob)-219(of)-220(all)-219(ages)-219(are)-219(ready)-219(to)-219(make)-219(a)-220(hero)-219(of)-219(the)-219(man)-219(who)-219(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perform)-253(rare)-253(feats)-253(of)-253(physical)-252(strength)-253(or)-253(agility.)-259(And)-253(the)-252(skilful)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([243])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(gladiator)-329(evidently)-329(became)-329(a)-329(hero)-329(under)-329(the)-329(early)-329(Empire,)-348(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-350(colleague)-351(of)-350(the)-350(red)-350(or)-351(green.)-551(His)-350(professional)-350(record)-350(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-346(public)-345(interest;)-394(the)-345(number)-346(of)-346(his)-345(combats)-346(and)-346(his)-345(victories)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-427(inscribed)-426(upon)-427(his)-426(tomb.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.276 3.959 Td [(1381)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.945 -3.959 Td [(His)-427(name)-426(and)-427(his)-426(features)]TJ -160.222 -13.549 Td [(were)-420(scratched)-419(by)-420(boys)-420(on)-420(the)-419(street)-420(walls.)-759(He)-420(attracted)-419(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unconcealed,)-250(and)-250(not)-250(always)-250(discreet,)-250(admiration)-251(of)-250(women,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1382)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(and)-315(his)-314(praise)-315(was)-315(sung)-314(in)-315(classic)-315(verse,)-330(as)-315(his)-315(pathetic)-314(dignity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-350(death)-350(has)-350(been)-350(immortalised)-350(in)-350(marble.)-550(The)-350(memories)-350(of)-350(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nobler)-258(life)-259(of)-258(freedom)-258(sometimes)-259(drove)-258(the)-258(slave)-259(of)-258(the)-258(arena)-258(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suicide)-284(or)-284(mutiny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.832 3.959 Td [(1383)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.278 -3.959 Td [(But)-284(he)-284(was)-284(oftener)-284(proud)-284(of)-284(his)-284(skill)-284(and)]TJ -100.11 -13.549 Td [(courage,)-364(and)-342(eager)-341(to)-342(display)-341(them.)-525(When)-341(shows)-342(were)-341(rare)-341(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-339(reign)-340(of)-339(Tiberius,)-362(a)-339(Myrmillo)-340(was)-339(heard)-339(to)-340(lament)-339(that)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-265(of)-265(his)-265(glorious)-265(prime)-265(were)-265(running)-265(to)-265(waste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.368 3.959 Td [(1384)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.659 -3.959 Td [(Epictetus)]TJ -240.027 -13.549 Td [(says)-234(that)-234(the)-234(imperial)-235(gladiators)-234(were)-234(often)-234(heard)-234(praying)-234(for)-234(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hour)-250(of)-250(conflict.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 70.593 3.959 Td [(1385)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -58.637 -19.335 Td [(Great)-218(imperial)-218(schools)-218(were)-218(organised)-218(on)-218(the)-218(strictest)-218(military)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(principles,)-424(and)-389(were)-389(under)-389(the)-389(command)-389(of)-389(a)-389(procurator)-389(who)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.643 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.831 Td [(1378)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(Com.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(xi.;)-250(cf.)-250(viii.;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.242 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(ii.)-250(150.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -187.046 -7.311 Td [(1379)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Jul.)-250(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(xxxix.;)-250(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(252.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -72.976 -7.31 Td [(1380)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(ii.)-250(198.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.924 -7.311 Td [(1381)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2571,)-250(2572;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.083 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(7364;)-250(xii.)-250(5836.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -120.05 -7.311 Td [(1382)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(219)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.498 -7.31 Td [(1383)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.921 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.41 0 Td [(70,)-247(\247)-246(20;)-247(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.701 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.893 0 Td [(xv.)-249(46.)-248(Sym.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.791 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.41 0 Td [(ii.)-249(46;)-247(cf.)-249(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.465 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -237.546 -10.959 Td [(ii.)-250(211.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1384)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.61 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.238 -7.394 Td [(1385)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(i.)-250(29,)-250(\247)-250(37.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1391 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1392 0 R /Resources 1390 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1385 0 R >> endobj 1393 0 obj << /D [1391 0 R /XYZ 299.518 409.782 null] >> endobj 1390 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1396 0 obj << /Length 5434 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(298)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(had)-239(often)-240(held)-239(high)-239(office)-240(in)-239(the)-239(provinces)-240(or)-239(the)-239(army.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.696 3.959 Td [(1386)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.127 -3.959 Td [(Each)]TJ -258.823 -13.549 Td [(school)-338(had)-338(attached)-338(to)-338(it)-338(a)-338(staff)-338(of)-338(masseurs,)-359(surgeon-dressers,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-348(physicians)-348(to)-348(attend)-347(to)-348(the)-348(general)-348(health)-348(of)-348(the)-347(members.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-220(were)-221(various)-220(grades)-220(according)-221(to)-220(skill)-220(or)-221(length)-220(of)-220(service,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-176(a)-175(man)-175(might)-176(rise)-175(in)-176(the)-175(end)-176(to)-175(be)-176(trainer)-175(of)-176(a)-175(troop.)-225(Gladiators,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-321(all)-321(other)-321(callings)-321(in)-321(the)-321(second)-321(century,)-339(had)-321(their)-321(colleges.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(We)-295(have)-295(the)-296(rol)1(l)-296(of)-295(one)-295(of)-295(these,)-307(in)-295(the)-295(year)-295(177)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 219.013 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-306(a)-296(college)]TJ -234.991 -13.549 Td [(of)-361(Silvanus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.335 3.959 Td [(1387)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.801 -3.959 Td [(The)-361(members)-361(are)-361(divided)-361(into)-361(three)-361(decuries,)]TJ -76.136 -13.549 Td [(evidently)-382(according)-382(to)-383(professional)-382(rank,)-415(and)-382(their)-382(names)-382(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(arms)-231(are)-231(also)-231(given.)-244(Their)-231(comrades)-231(often)-231(erected)-230(monuments)-231(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-290(with)-290(a)-290(list)-290(of)-289(their)-290(achievements.)-370(Thus)-290(a)-290(dear)-289(companion-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in-arms)-268(commemorates)-267(a)-268(young)-267(Secutor)-268(at)-267(Panormus,)-272(who)-267(died)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-288(his)-287(thirtieth)-287(year,)-297(who)-288(had)-287(fought)-288(in)-287(thirty-four)-288(combats,)-296(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(twenty-one)-250(came)-250(off)-250(victorious.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.578 3.958 Td [(1388)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -138.622 -21.979 Td [(Our)-285(authorities)-285(do)-286(not)-285(often)-285(permit)-285(us)-286(to)-285(follow)-285(the)-285(gladiator)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(into)-248(retirement.)-249(The)-247(stern)-248(discipline)-247(of)-248(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 186.469 0 Td [(Ludus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.373 0 Td [(no)-247(doubt)-248(made)]TJ -215.842 -13.55 Td [(better)-342(men)-343(even)-342(of)-342(those)-343(condemned)-342(to)-342(it)-343(for)-342(grievous)-342(crimes.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-292(inscriptions)-293(contain)-292(a)-293(few)-292(brief)-293(records)-292(of)-293(their)-292(family)-292(life,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([244])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(which)-304(seems)-304(to)-304(have)-303(been)-304(as)-304(natural)-304(and)-304(affectionate)-304(as)-304(that)-303(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-323(other)-322(class;)-359(wives)-322(and)-323(daughters)-322(lamenting)-323(good)-322(husbands)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-373(fathers)-372(in)-373(the)-372(usual)-373(phrases,)-403(and)-373(fathers)-372(in)-373(turn)-372(mourning)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(innocent)-369(young)-369(lives,)-399(cut)-369(short)-369(by)-369(the)-369(cruelty)-369(of)-369(the)-369(gods.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1389)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Sometimes)-346(the)-346(veteran)-347(gladiator)-346(might)-346(be)-346(tempted)-346(to)-346(return)-346(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-233(old)-232(scenes)-233(for)-232(a)-233(high)-232(fee,)-236(or)-232(he)-233(might)-232(become)-233(a)-232(trainer)-233(in)-232(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-275(the)-274(schools.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.863 3.959 Td [(1390)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.97 -3.959 Td [(His)-275(son)-274(might)-275(rise)-274(even)-275(to)-274(knightly)-275(rank;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.359 3.959 Td [(1391)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(but)-410(the)-409(career)-410(of)-409(ambition)-410(was)-410(closed)-409(to)-410(himself)-409(by)-410(the)-409(taint)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-396(a)-395(profession)-396(which)-396(the)-396(people)-395(found)-396(indispensable)-396(to)-395(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pleasures,)-250(and)-250(which)-250(they)-250(loaded)-250(with)-250(contempt.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.549 Td [(1386)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(ii.)-250(204.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.923 -7.311 Td [(1387)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2566.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(1388)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2571.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1389)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2572-9;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.136 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(3329.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -105.103 -7.31 Td [(1390)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2573-5;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(72.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1391)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(iii.)-250(158.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1395 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1396 0 R /Resources 1394 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1385 0 R >> endobj 1397 0 obj << /D [1395 0 R /XYZ 289.766 283.367 null] >> endobj 1394 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1400 0 obj << /Length 6006 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(299)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(The)-163(inscriptions)-164(pay)-163(all)-164(honour)-163(to)-163(the)-164(voluntary,)-181(single-minded)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(generosity)-335(with)-335(which)-334(men)-335(bore)-335(costly)-335(charges,)-356(and)-335(gave)-334(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-308(effort)-308(to)-308(the)-308(business)-308(of)-308(the)-308(city.)-424(But)-308(there)-308(was)-308(a)-308(tendency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-302(treat)-303(public)-302(benefactions)-302(as)-302(the)-302(acknowledgment)-303(of)-302(a)-302(debt,)-315(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(return)-359(for)-360(civic)-359(honours.)-579(We)-359(can)-360(sometimes)-359(even)-360(see)-359(that)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gift)-369(was)-369(extorted)-369(by)-370(the)-369(urgency)-369(of)-369(the)-369(people,)-399(in)-369(some)-369(cases)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-392(by)-391(menaces)-392(and)-391(force.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.041 3.959 Td [(1392)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.8 -3.959 Td [(The)-392(cities)-391(took)-392(advantage)-391(of)]TJ -150.841 -13.549 Td [(the)-330(general)-330(passion)-330(for)-330(place)-330(and)-330(social)-330(precedence,)-350(and,)-350(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-489(sordid)-490(motives,)-549(crowded)-490(their)-489(curial)-490(lists)-489(with)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 248.503 0 Td [(patroni)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -248.503 -13.55 Td [(and)-309(persons)-309(decorated)-309(with)-309(other)-309(honorary)-309(distinctions.)-427(On)-308(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(famous)-380(roll)-379(of)-380(the)-379(council)-380(of)-380(Canusium,)-412(out)-379(of)-380(a)-379(total)-380(of)-379(164)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(members,)-232(there)-228(are)-227(39)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 98.735 0 Td [(patroni)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 34.609 0 Td [(of)-228(senatorial)-227(or)-228(knightly)-227(rank,)-232(and)]TJ -133.344 -13.549 Td [(25)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 13.14 0 Td [(praetextati)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.269 0 Td [(,)-213(mere)-205(boys,)-213(who)-205(were)-204(almost)-205(certainly)-204(of)-205(the)-204(same)]TJ -60.409 -13.549 Td [(aristocratic)-194(class,)-205(and)-195(were)-194(probably)-194(destined)-194(to)-194(be)-194(future)-194(patrons)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-248(the)-247(town.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 52.366 3.959 Td [(1393)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.157 -3.959 Td [(In)-248(the)-247(desire)-248(to)-247(secure)-248(the)-247(support)-248(of)-248(wealth)-247(and)]TJ -71.523 -13.549 Td [(social)-345(prestige,)-370(the)-345(municipal)-346(law)-345(as)-346(to)-345(the)-346(age)-345(for)-345(magisterial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(office)-349(was)-349(frequently)-349(disregarded,)-374(and)-349(even)-349(mere)-348(infants)-349(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-297(raised)-297(to)-297(the)-296(highest)-297(civic)-297(honours.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 204.569 3.959 Td [(1394)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.699 -3.959 Td [(The)-297(position)]TJ -225.268 -13.549 Td [(of)-354(patron)-355(seems)-354(to)-355(have)-354(been)-354(greatly)-355(prized,)-380(as)-355(it)-354(was)-354(heavily)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(paid)-395(for.)-686(A)-395(great)-395(man)-396(with)-395(a)-395(liberal)-395(soul)-396(might)-395(be)-395(patron)-395(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(several)-218(towns,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.066 3.959 Td [(1395)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.89 -3.959 Td [(and)-218(sometimes)-219(women)-218(of)-218(rank)-219(had)-218(the)-218(honour)]TJ -80.956 -13.549 Td [(conferred)-408(on)-409(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 86.159 3.959 Td [(1396)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.352 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 21.419 0 Td [(ornamenta)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.725 0 Td [(or)-408(external)-409(badges)-408(of)]TJ -183.655 -13.549 Td [(official)-291(rank)-291(were)-292(frequently)-291(bestowed)-291(on)-291(people)-291(who)-291(were)-291(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eligible)-305(by)-305(law)-305(for)-305(the)-305(magistracy.)-415(A)-305(resident)-305(alien)-305(\050)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 234.433 0 Td [(incola)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.273 0 Td [(\051,)-319(or)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.318 0 Td [([245])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(an)-318(augustal,)-336(might)-318(be)-318(co-opted)-319(into)-318(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 178.118 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(splendid)-318(order)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.462 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.316 0 Td [(of)-318(the)]TJ -254.739 -13.549 Td [(Curia,)-199(or)-187(he)-186(might)-187(be)-186(allowed)-187(to)-187(wear)-186(its)-187(badges,)-199(or)-186(those)-187(of)-186(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(office)-318(which)-318(he)-318(could)-319(not)-318(actually)-318(hold.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.066 3.959 Td [(1397)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.395 -3.959 Td [(But)-318(it)-318(is)-318(plain)-319(that)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.551 Td [(1392)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(1074.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(1393)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3721.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1394)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.557 0 Td [(7008,)-613(7010;)-686(cf.)-1121(7082,)-614(where)-540(a)-541(youth)-540(of)-541(twenty)-540(had)-541(been)-540(iivir)]TJ -26.512 -10.959 Td [(quinquennalis,)-604(and)-534(had)-534(given)-533(a)-534(gladiatorial)-534(show.)-1101(Cf.)-1100(3714,)-605(quaestor)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(designatus)-250(est)-250(annorum)-250(xxiiii.,)-250(3745,)-250(3246,)-250(3768.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.395 Td [(1395)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3764.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1396)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3773,)-250(4036,)-250(82,)-250(5134;)-250(cf.)-250(3744.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1397)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3709,)-250(3750;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.083 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(3203,)-250(3219.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1399 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1400 0 R /Resources 1398 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1385 0 R >> endobj 1401 0 obj << /D [1399 0 R /XYZ 318.314 206.544 null] >> endobj 1398 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1404 0 obj << /Length 5466 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(300)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(such)-253(distinctions)-253(had)-252(to)-253(be)-253(purchased)-253(or)-253(repaid.)-258(The)-253(city)-252(seldom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-291(any)-292(other)-291(return)-292(for)-291(generous)-291(devotion,)-302(unless)-292(it)-291(were)-291(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(space)-236(for)-236(a)-237(grave)-236(or)-236(the)-236(pageant)-236(of)-236(a)-236(public)-237(funeral.)-245(It)-236(is)-236(true)-236(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-265(generous)-265(benefactor)-265(or)-265(magistrate)-265(is)-265(frequently)-265(honoured)-264(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-251(statue)-250(and)-251(memorial)-250(tablet.)-252(Indeed,)-250(the)-251(honour)-250(is)-251(so)-250(frequently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bestowed)-305(that)-305(it)-306(seems)-305(to)-305(dwindle)-305(to)-305(an)-305(infinitesimal)-306(value.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1398)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-496(it)-495(is)-496(to)-495(our)-496(eyes)-496(still)-495(further)-496(reduced)-495(by)-496(the)-495(agreeable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(convention)-304(which)-303(seems)-304(to)-303(have)-304(made)-304(it)-303(a)-304(matter)-303(of)-304(good)-303(taste)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-180(the)-179(person)-180(so)-179(distinguished)-179(by)-180(his)-179(fellow-citizens)-180(should)-179(bear)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-298(expense)-298(of)-298(the)-298(record)-298(himself!)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.367 3.959 Td [(1399)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.738 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-298(did)-298(the)-298(expectations)]TJ -172.105 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(the)-364(grateful)-365(public)-364(end)-364(even)-364(there;)-421(for,)-393(at)-364(the)-364(dedication)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-240(monument,)-242(it)-240(was)-241(seemingly)-240(imperative)-240(to)-240(give)-240(a)-240(feast)-240(to)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generous)-374(community)-374(which)-374(allowed)-374(or)-374(required)-374(its)-374(benefactor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-306(bear)-305(the)-306(cost)-305(of)-306(the)-305(memorial)-306(of)-305(his)-306(own)-305(munificence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.982 3.958 Td [(1400)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.983 -3.958 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.55 Td [(is)-379(only)-378(fair,)-411(however,)-410(to)-379(say)-378(that)-379(this)-378(civic)-379(meanness)-378(was)-378(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universal,)-214(and)-204(that)-205(there)-204(are)-205(records)-204(to)-205(show)-204(that)-204(even)-205(the)-204(poorest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class)-431(sometimes)-431(subscribed)-432(among)-431(themselves)-431(to)-431(pay)-431(for)-431(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honour)-250(which)-250(they)-250(proposed)-250(to)-250(confer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.058 3.959 Td [(1401)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -157.102 -22.049 Td [(The)-385(Antonine)-386(age)-385(was)-386(an)-385(age)-386(of)-385(splendid)-386(public)-385(spirit)-385(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(great)-348(material)-348(achievement.)-543(But)-348(truth)-348(compels)-348(us)-348(to)-347(recognise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-280(even)-280(in)-281(the)-280(age)-280(of)-280(the)-280(Antonines,)-288(there)-280(were)-280(ominous)-280(signs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-294(moral)-294(and)-295(administrative)-294(decay.)-382(Municipal)-294(benefactors)-294(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rewarded)-239(with)-240(local)-239(fame)-239(and)-239(lavish)-240(flattery;)-243(but)-239(the)-239(demands)-239(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(populace,)-270(together)-265(with)-266(the)-266(force)-266(of)-266(example)-266(and)-265(emulation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contributed)-218(to)-218(make)-219(the)-218(load)-218(which)-218(the)-218(rich)-219(had)-218(to)-218(bear)-218(more)-218(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-321(heavy.)-464(Many)-322(must)-321(have)-321(ruined)-322(themselves)-321(in)-321(their)-321(effort)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-316(hold)-315(their)-316(place,)-331(and)-316(to)-315(satisfy)-316(an)-315(exacting)-316(public)-315(sentiment.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Men)-467(actually)-466(went)-467(into)-467(debt)-466(to)-467(do)-466(so;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.262 3.959 Td [(1402)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.711 -3.959 Td [(and)-467(as)-466(municipal)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.388 Td [(1398)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Reipubl.)-250(Ger.)-250(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.253 0 Td [(c.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -97.885 -7.31 Td [(1399)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6992.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1400)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.788 0 Td [(3811,)-367(3722,)-366(6999,)-367(7007,)-367(7004)-343(\050honore)-343(usus)-343(inpensam)-344(remisit\051,)-366(7011,)]TJ -24.744 -10.959 Td [(7190,)-250(4100.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1401)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3865,)-250(ex)-250(aere)-250(collato;)-250(6996.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1402)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(This)-345(seems)-344(clear)-345(from)-345(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 106.552 0 Td [(Reip.)-534(Ger.)-534(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.735 0 Td [(c.)-534(31,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 25.521 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.726 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.878 0 Td [(\264\261\275\265\271\266\314\274\265\275\277\275)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1403 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1404 0 R /Resources 1402 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1385 0 R >> endobj 1402 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1407 0 obj << /Length 5986 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(301)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(life)-395(became)-396(less)-395(attractive)-395(or)-395(more)-395(burdensome,)-432(the)-395(career)-395(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-204(office)-205(opened)-204(out)-204(and)-205(offered)-204(far)-204(higher)-205(distinction.)-234(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reorganisation)-313(of)-314(the)-313(imperial)-314(service)-313(by)-314(Hadrian)-313(had)-313(immense)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([246])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(effects)-427(in)-428(diverting)-427(ambition)-428(from)-427(old)-427(channels.)-783(It)-427(created)-427(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-347(hierarchy)-347(of)-347(office,)-371(which)-347(absorbed)-347(the)-347(best)-347(ability)-347(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-217(provinces.)-239(Provincials)-216(of)-217(means)-217(and)-216(position)-217(were)-216(constantly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(visiting)-185(the)-186(capital)-185(for)-186(purposes)-185(of)-186(private)-185(business)-186(or)-185(pleasure,)-198(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-219(represent)-218(their)-219(city)-218(as)-219(envoys)-218(to)-218(the)-219(emperor.)-239(They)-219(often)-218(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powerful)-404(friends)-404(during)-404(their)-404(stay,)-442(and)-404(their)-404(sons,)-443(if)-404(not)-403(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(themselves,)-323(were)-308(easily)-308(tempted)-309(to)-308(abandon)-308(a)-308(municipal)-308(career)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-274(the)-274(prospect)-274(of)-274(a)-274(high)-274(place)-274(in)-274(the)-274(imperial)-274(army)-274(or)-274(the)-274(civil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(service.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.622 3.959 Td [(1403)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.076 -3.959 Td [(It)-278(is)-278(true)-277(that)-278(the)-278(local)-278(tie)-278(often)-277(remained)-278(unbroken.)]TJ -53.698 -13.549 Td [(The)-415(country)-414(town,)-456(of)-414(course,)-456(was)-414(proud)-415(of)-414(the)-415(distinction)-414(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-410(its)-411(sons)-410(rose)-411(in)-410(the)-411(great)-410(world;)-491(and)-410(many)-411(a)-410(one)-410(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-318(gained)-319(a)-318(knighthood)-318(or)-318(some)-318(military)-319(rank,)-335(returned)-318(to)-318(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(birthplace)-404(in)-404(later)-404(years,)-442(and)-404(was)-404(enrolled)-404(among)-404(its)-403(patrons.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(We)-344(may)-345(be)-344(sure)-344(that)-345(many)-344(a)-344(successful)-345(man,)-368(like)-344(the)-344(Stertinii)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(Naples,)-387(paid)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.956 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(nurture)-359(fees)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.99 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.764 0 Td [(in)-359(the)-360(most)-359(generous)-360(way.)-578(But)]TJ -139.554 -13.549 Td [(already)-201(in)-201(the)-201(reign)-201(of)-200(Domitian,)-211(as)-201(we)-201(have)-201(seen,)-211(legal)-200(provision)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-263(to)-264(be)-263(made)-263(for)-264(the)-263(contingency)-263(of)-264(an)-263(insufficient)-263(number)-263(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(candidates)-283(for)-283(the)-284(municipal)-283(magistracies.)-350(Already,)-291(in)-283(the)-283(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-308(Trajan,)-321(the)-308(cities)-307(of)-308(Bithynia)-307(are)-308(compelling)-307(men)-308(to)-307(become)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(members)-421(of)-422(the)-421(Curia,)-464(and)-421(lowering)-421(the)-422(age)-421(of)-421(admission)-421(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(official)-441(rank.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 58.433 3.959 Td [(1404)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.426 -3.959 Td [(Plutarch)-441(laments)-442(that)-441(many)-441(provincials)-441(are)]TJ -83.859 -13.549 Td [(turning)-306(their)-306(backs)-306(on)-307(their)-306(native)-306(cities)-306(and)-306(suing)-306(for)-306(lucrative)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(offices)-331(at)-330(the)-331(doors)-331(of)-330(great)-331(Roman)-331(patrons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 197.638 3.959 Td [(1405)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.807 -3.959 Td [(Apollonius)-331(of)]TJ -219.445 -13.549 Td [(Tyana)-206(was)-206(indignant)-206(to)-206(find)-205(citizens)-206(of)-206(Ionia,)-215(at)-206(one)-206(of)-206(their)-205(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(festivals,)-231(masquerading)-227(in)-227(Roman)-227(names.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.838 3.959 Td [(1406)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.081 -3.959 Td [(The)-227(illustrious)-227(son)]TJ -199.919 -13.549 Td [(of)-395(Chaeronea,)-432(with)-395(a)-395(wistful)-395(backward)-395(glance)-395(at)-395(the)-395(freedom)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.088 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F26 8.9664 Tf 46.771 110.704 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\304\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.714 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\274\261)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.062 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\272\261\304\261\263\255\273\261\303\304\277\275)-250(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 58.47 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-250(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-250(\273\265\271\304\277\305\301\263\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.45 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -215.35 -7.31 Td [(1403)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Reip.)-250(Ger.)-250(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(18;)-250(cf.)-250(c.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.426 -7.311 Td [(1404)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(x.)-250(113;)-250(79.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.394 Td [(1405)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Reip.)-250(Ger.)-250(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.426 -7.311 Td [(1406)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(T.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.382 0 Td [(iv.)-250(5.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1406 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1407 0 R /Resources 1405 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1409 0 R >> endobj 1408 0 obj << /D [1406 0 R /XYZ 141.858 491.077 null] >> endobj 1405 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1412 0 obj << /Length 5491 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(302)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-446(the)-446(glories)-446(of)-446(the)-446(Periclean)-446(age,)-495(frankly)-446(recognises)-446(that,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-389(the)-389(shadow)-389(of)-389(the)-388(Roman)-389(power,)-424(the)-389(civic)-389(horizon)-388(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drawn)-260(in.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.311 3.959 Td [(1407)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.487 -3.959 Td [(It)-260(is)-260(a)-260(very)-259(different)-260(thing)-260(to)-260(hold)-260(even)-259(the)-260(highest)]TJ -60.798 -13.549 Td [(magistracy)-369(at)-370(Thebes)-369(or)-369(Athens)-370(from)-369(what)-369(it)-370(was)-369(in)-369(the)-369(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(days)-295(of)-294(Salamis)-295(or)-294(Leuctra.)-384(But)-294(Plutarch)-295(accepts)-294(the)-295(Empire)-294(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inevitable.)-433(He)-312(appreciates)-311(its)-311(blessings)-311(as)-311(much)-311(as)-311(Aristides)-311(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dion)-281(Chrysostom.)-342(He)-281(has)-281(none)-281(of)-281(the)-281(revolutionary)-281(rage)-280(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(led)-235(Apollonius)-235(to)-235(cast)-236(reproaches)-235(at)-235(Vespasian,)-238(or)-235(to)-235(boast)-235(of)-235(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(complicity)-275(in)-275(the)-275(overthrow)-275(of)-275(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.948 3.958 Td [(1408)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.986 -3.958 Td [(He)-275(has)-275(little)-275(sympathy)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -254.69 0 Td [([247])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(with)-231(philosophers)-232(like)-231(Epictetus,)-235(who)-232(would)-231(sink)-232(the)-231(interests)-231(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(everyday)-174(politics)-173(in)-174(the)-173(larger)-174(life)-174(of)-173(the)-174(universal)-173(commonwealth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-301(humanity.)-403(The)-301(Empire)-301(has)-301(extinguished)-301(much)-301(of)-301(civic)-300(glory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-299(freedom,)-310(but)-299(let)-299(us)-298(recognise)-299(its)-298(compensating)-299(blessings)-298(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-262(ordered)-261(peace.)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 79.992 0 Td [(Spartam)-262(nactus)-261(es,)-265(hanc)-262(exorna)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 140.223 0 Td [(,)-265(might)-261(be)-262(the)]TJ -220.215 -13.55 Td [(motto)-287(of)-288(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 77.181 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-287(political)-288(counsels.)-362(He)-288(himself,)-297(with)-287(a)-287(range)]TJ -80.814 -13.549 Td [(of)-263(gifts)-262(and)-262(culture,)-266(which)-263(has)-262(made)-262(his)-263(name)-262(immortal,)-266(did)-262(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disdain)-389(to)-390(hold)-389(a)-389(humble)-390(office)-389(in)-389(the)-390(poor)-389(little)-389(place)-389(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-251(his)-250(home.)-252(And)-250(he)-251(appeals)-250(to)-251(the)-250(example)-251(of)-250(Epameinondas,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-334(gave)-334(dignity)-334(to)-334(the)-334(magistracy)-334(which)-334(was)-334(concerned)-334(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-240(duty)-240(of)-240(the)-240(cleansing)-240(of)-240(the)-240(sewers)-240(and)-240(streets)-240(of)-240(Thebes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1409)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(He)-289(tells)-289(his)-289(young)-289(pupil)-288(that,)-299(although)-289(we)-289(have)-289(now)-289(no)-289(wars)-288(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wage,)-290(no)-282(alliances)-282(to)-283(conclude,)-290(we)-282(may)-282(wage)-282(war)-282(on)-282(some)-282(evil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(custom,)-390(revive)-362(some)-362(charitable)-362(institution,)-390(repair)-362(an)-361(aqueduct,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-268(preside)-269(at)-268(a)-269(sacrifice.)-305(Yet)-268(Plutarch)-269(has)-268(a)-268(keen)-269(insight)-268(into)-268(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(municipal)-297(vices)-296(of)-297(his)-296(age,)-308(the)-297(passion)-297(for)-296(place)-297(and)-296(office,)-308(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(hot)-220(unscrupulous)-219(rivalry)-220(which)-219(will)-220(stoop)-220(to)-219(any)-220(demagogic)-219(arts,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-225(venality)-225(of)-224(the)-225(crowd,)-230(and)-225(the)-225(readiness)-224(of)-225(the)-225(rich)-225(to)-224(pamper)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-281(with)-280(largesses)-281(and)-280(shows,)-288(the)-281(insane)-280(passion)-281(for)-280(pompous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decrees)-428(of)-427(thanks)-427(and)-428(memorial)-427(statues;)-517(above)-427(all,)-472(the)-427(eager)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(servility)-327(which)-327(abandoned)-328(even)-327(the)-327(poor)-327(remnant)-327(of)-327(municipal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(liberty,)-244(and)-242(was)-242(always)-243(inviting)-242(the)-242(interference)-243(of)-242(the)-242(prince)-242(on)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(1407)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Reip.)-250(Ger.)-250(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(32;)-250(cf.)-250(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.988 0 Td [(Morale)-250(de)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.775 0 Td [(p.)-250(230.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -208.189 -7.31 Td [(1408)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(T.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.382 0 Td [(v.)-250(41,)-250(10;)-250(cf.)-250(Gr\351ard,)-250(p.)-250(227.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -80.463 -7.311 Td [(1409)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Reip.)-250(Ger.)-250(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(15.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1411 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1412 0 R /Resources 1410 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1409 0 R >> endobj 1413 0 obj << /D [1411 0 R /XYZ 143.213 409.782 null] >> endobj 1410 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1416 0 obj << /Length 5483 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(303)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-186(most)-185(trivial)-186(occasions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 111.826 3.959 Td [(1410)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.932 -3.959 Td [(Such)-186(appeals)-185(paralyse)-186(civic)-185(energy)]TJ -130.758 -13.549 Td [(and)-299(hasten)-299(the)-299(inevitable)-299(drift)-299(of)-299(despotism.)-397(He)-299(exhorts)-299(men)-299(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strive)-266(by)-265(every)-266(means)-266(to)-265(raise)-266(the)-266(tone)-265(of)-266(their)-266(own)-265(community,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instead)-235(of)-235(forsaking)-235(it)-235(in)-235(fastidious)-235(scorn,)-238(or)-235(ambition)-235(for)-235(a)-235(more)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spacious)-250(and)-250(splendid)-250(life.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(The)-163(growing)-162(distaste)-163(for)-163(municipal)-163(honours)-162(was)-163(to)-163(some)-163(extent)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(caused)-359(by)-358(bureaucratic)-359(encroachments)-359(on)-358(the)-359(independence)-358(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-255(Curia.)-265(As)-255(early)-255(as)-255(the)-255(reign)-255(of)-255(Trajan)-255(there)-255(are)-254(unmistakable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(signs,)-295(as)-286(we)-286(have)-286(seen,)-295(of)-286(financial)-286(mismanagement)-286(and)-285(decay.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-185(case)-185(of)-185(Bithynia,)-199(in)-185(Trajan)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 132.335 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-185(reign,)-198(is)-185(sometimes)-186(treated)-185(as)-185(an)]TJ -135.967 -13.549 Td [(exceptional)-159(one.)-220(It)-159(may)-159(be)-159(doubted)-160(whether)-159(it)-159(is)-159(not)-159(a)-159(conspicuous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(example)-319(of)-318(general)-319(disorganisation.)-456(The)-318(Bithynian)-319(towns)-318(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-251(not)-250(alone)-251(in)-251(their)-250(ill-considered)-251(expenditure)-251(on)-250(faultily)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(planned)-337(aqueducts)-337(and)-337(theatres.)-511(Apamea)-337(was)-337(certainly)-337(not)-336(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([248])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(only)-381(city)-381(which)-381(called)-382(for)-381(an)-381(imperial)-381(auditor)-381(of)-381(its)-381(accounts.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Inscriptions)-445(of)-445(the)-445(reign)-445(of)-445(Trajan)-445(show)-445(that)-445(many)-445(towns)-444(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Italy,)-275(Como,)-275(Canusium,)-276(Praeneste,)-275(Pisa,)-275(Bergamum,)-275(and)-270(Caere,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-429(curators)-429(of)-430(their)-429(administration)-429(appointed,)-474(some)-429(as)-429(early)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-455(the)-455(reigns)-455(of)-456(Hadrian)-455(or)-455(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 163.382 3.958 Td [(1411)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.879 -3.958 Td [(These)-455(officers,)-507(who)]TJ -189.261 -13.55 Td [(were)-355(always)-355(unconnected)-355(with)-356(the)-355(municipality,)-381(took)-355(over)-355(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(financial)-197(control,)-208(which)-197(had)-198(previously)-197(belonged)-197(to)-197(the)-197(duumvirs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-260(quaestors.)-280(They)-260(were)-260(often)-260(senators)-260(or)-260(equites)-260(of)-260(high)-259(rank,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-377(a)-378(single)-377(curator)-377(sometimes)-377(had)-378(the)-377(supervision)-377(of)-377(several)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(municipalities.)-560(The)-354(case)-353(of)-354(Caere)-353(is)-354(peculiarly)-353(instructive)-353(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interesting.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.786 3.959 Td [(1412)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.948 -3.959 Td [(There,)-356(an)-335(imperial)-335(freedman,)-356(named)-335(Vesbinus,)]TJ -70.734 -13.549 Td [(proposed)-318(to)-319(erect)-318(at)-319(his)-318(own)-319(cost)-318(a)-318(club-house)-319(\050)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 214.253 0 Td [(phretrium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.637 0 Td [(\051,)-336(for)]TJ -257.89 -13.549 Td [(the)-185(augustales,)-199(and)-185(asked)-186(the)-185(municipal)-186(authorities)-185(for)-186(a)-185(site)-185(close)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-246(the)-245(basilica.)-249(At)-245(a)-246(formal)-245(meeting)-246(of)-245(the)-246(Curia,)-246(the)-246(ground)-245(was)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 142.838 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.026 Td [(1410)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(27,)-250(29,)-250(30,)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1411)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-1365(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.685 0 Td [(4007)-622(\050Canusium\051,)-714(2391)-622(\050Praeneste\051,)-715(4491)-621(\050Pisa\051,)-715(3898)]TJ -62.64 -10.959 Td [(\050Bergamum\051,)-480(3787)-434(\050Caere\051.)-802(For)-434(places)-434(out)-433(of)-434(Italy,)-480(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 219.23 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.567 0 Td [(xii.)-802(3212)]TJ -243.797 -10.959 Td [(\050datus)-534(a)-534(Trajano\051;)-675(viii.)-1102(2403,)-604(2660)-534(\050Timgad)-534(and)-534(Lambesi\051;)-676(iii.)-1101(3485)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(\050Aquincum\051;)-280(ii.)-311(484)-270(\050Emerita\051;)-281(4112)-270(\050Tarraco\051;)-280(cf.)-311(x.;)-280(ii.)-311(p.)-311(1158;)-280(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 270.919 0 Td [(M.)]TJ -270.919 -10.959 Td [(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(c.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -19.677 -7.311 Td [(1412)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-242(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.076 0 Td [(3787,)-231(placuit)-227(tibi)-227(scribi)-227(an)-226(in)-227(hoc)-227(quoque)-226(et)-227(tu)-227(consensurus)-227(esses.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1415 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1416 0 R /Resources 1414 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1409 0 R >> endobj 1417 0 obj << /D [1415 0 R /XYZ 132.286 342.036 null] >> endobj 1414 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1420 0 obj << /Length 4932 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(304)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(granted)-245(to)-244(him,)-246(subject)-245(to)-244(the)-245(approval)-245(of)-244(Curiatius)-245(Cosanus,)-245(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(curator,)-338(with)-321(a)-320(vote)-321(of)-320(thanks)-321(for)-321(his)-320(liberality.)-462(A)-320(letter)-321(to)-320(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(official)-258(was)-258(drawn)-258(up,)-259(stating)-258(the)-258(whole)-258(case,)-260(and)-258(asking)-258(for)-257(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sanction.)-228(The)-186(curator,)-198(writing)-185(from)-186(Ameria,)-198(granted)-185(it)-186(in)-185(the)-185(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cordial)-280(terms.)-342(It)-280(is)-281(noteworthy)-280(that)-280(at)-281(the)-280(very)-281(time)-280(when)-280(Caere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-199(consulting)-200(its)-199(curator)-199(about)-199(the)-200(proposal)-199(of)-199(Vesbinus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.576 3.959 Td [(1413)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.723 -3.959 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(Bithynian)-251(cities)-251(were)-251(laying)-251(bare)-251(their)-251(financial)-251(and)-250(engineering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficulties)-362(to)-361(Pliny)-362(and)-361(Trajan.)-585(The)-362(glory)-361(of)-362(free)-361(civic)-362(life)-361(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(already)-188(on)-188(the)-188(wane.)-229(The)-188(municipality)-188(has)-188(invited)-188(or)-188(submitted)-188(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imperial)-281(control.)-343(The)-281(burdens)-281(of)-281(office)-281(have)-281(begun)-281(to)-280(outweigh)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-306(glory)-306(and)-306(distinction.)-417(In)-306(a)-306(generation)-306(or)-306(two)-306(the)-306(people)-305(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-400(lost)-399(their)-400(elective)-399(power,)-437(and)-400(the)-400(Curia)-399(will)-400(appoint)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(municipal)-299(officers)-299(from)-299(its)-299(own)-299(ranks.)-397(It)-299(will)-299(end)-299(by)-299(becoming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-390(mere)-389(administrative)-390(machine)-390(for)-389(levying)-390(the)-390(imperial)-389(taxes;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(men)-258(will)-257(fly)-258(from)-257(its)-258(crushing)-258(obligations)-257(to)-258(any)-257(refuge;)-262(and)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flight)-274(of)-273(the)-274(curiales)-273(will)-274(be)-273(as)-274(momentous)-273(as)-274(the)-273(coming)-274(of)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Goths.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.789 3.959 Td [(1414)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -16.833 -18.925 Td [(The)-502(judgment)-502(on)-502(that)-503(externally)-502(splendid)-502(city)-502(life)-502(of)-502(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Antonine)-359(age)-359(will)-359(be)-359(determined)-359(by)-359(the)-359(ideals)-359(of)-359(the)-358(inquirer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([249])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(There)-275(was)-276(a)-275(genuine)-276(love)-275(of)-276(the)-275(common)-276(home,)-282(a)-275(general)-275(pride)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-342(its)-341(splendour)-342(and)-341(distinction.)-525(And)-341(the)-342(duty,)-364(firmly)-341(imposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-389(public)-390(sentiment)-389(on)-390(the)-389(well-endowed)-389(to)-390(contribute)-389(out)-389(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-281(abundance)-280(to)-280(its)-281(material)-280(comfort)-281(and)-280(its)-281(glory,)-288(was)-280(freely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accepted)-492(and)-491(lavishly)-492(performed.)-975(Nor)-491(was)-492(this)-491(expenditure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-420(devoted)-420(to)-420(mere)-420(selfish)-420(gratification.)-760(The)-420(helplessness)-420(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(orphanhood)-449(and)-450(age,)-499(the)-449(penury)-449(and)-450(monotonous)-449(dulness)-449(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-397(lives)-397(of)-397(great)-397(sunken)-397(classes,)-434(the)-397(education)-397(of)-396(the)-397(young,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-311(drawing)-312(forth)-311(the)-312(pity)-311(of)-311(the)-312(charitable.)-434(Munificence)-311(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-314(indeed,)-330(in)-314(obedience)-314(to)-314(the)-314(sentiment)-314(of)-314(the)-314(time,)-330(wasted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-432(objects)-432(which)-433(were)-432(unworthy,)-478(or)-432(even)-432(to)-432(our)-432(minds)-432(base)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-313(corrupting.)-439(Men)-313(seemed)-313(to)-313(think)-313(too)-313(much)-313(of)-313(feasting)-312(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.03 Td [(1413)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.219 0 Td [(113,)-250(as)-250(the)-250(names)-250(of)-250(the)-250(consuls)-250(show.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -32.914 -7.311 Td [(1414)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.333 0 Td [(Roman)-266(Society)-266(in)-266(the)-266(Last)-266(Century)-266(of)-266(the)-266(Western)-266(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 208.749 0 Td [(,)-270(p.)-298(208)-266(sqq.)]TJ -236.038 -10.959 Td [(\0501st)-250(ed.\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1419 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1420 0 R /Resources 1418 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1409 0 R >> endobj 1421 0 obj << /D [1419 0 R /XYZ 93.543 272.873 null] >> endobj 1418 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1424 0 obj << /Length 4270 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Municipal)-250(life)-17364(305)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-346(cruel)-345(amusement)-346(of)-345(an)-346(hour.)-536(Yet)-346(when)-345(a)-346(whole)-345(commune)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-357(regaled)-358(at)-357(the)-357(dedication)-358(of)-357(a)-357(bath)-357(or)-358(a)-357(temple,)-384(there)-357(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-340(healthy)-340(social)-340(sympathy)-340(diffused)-340(for)-340(the)-340(moment)-340(through)-340(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ranks,)-203(which)-191(softened)-191(the)-191(hard)-192(lines)-191(by)-191(which)-191(that)-191(ancient)-191(society)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-250(parted.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(Yet,)-267(in)-264(looking)-264(back,)-267(we)-264(cannot)-264(help)-264(feeling)-264(that)-264(over)-264(all)-263(this)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(scene)-382(of)-382(kindliness)-382(and)-382(generosity)-382(and)-382(social)-382(good-will,)-415(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(broods)-358(a)-357(shadow.)-573(It)-358(is)-357(not)-358(merely)-357(the)-358(doom)-358(of)-357(free)-358(civic)-357(life,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-348(is)-348(so)-347(clearly)-348(written)-348(on)-348(the)-348(walls)-347(of)-348(every)-348(curial)-348(hall)-347(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(assembly)-384(from)-384(the)-383(days)-384(of)-384(Trajan,)-417(to)-384(be)-384(fulfilled)-384(in)-384(the)-383(long-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drawn)-371(tragedy)-371(of)-370(the)-371(fourth)-371(and)-371(fifth)-371(centuries;)-431(three)-370(hundred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-401(have)-401(still)-401(to)-401(run)-401(before)-401(the)-401(inevitable)-401(catastrophe.)-703(It)-401(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rather)-348(the)-348(feeling)-348(which)-348(seems)-348(to)-348(lurk)-348(under)-348(many)-348(a)-348(sentence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(half)-235(pitiful,)-239(half)-235(contemptuous,)-238(of)-236(M.)-235(Aurelius,)-238(penned,)-238(perhaps,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-264(he)-265(looked)-264(down)-265(on)-264(some)-265(gorgeous)-264(show)-265(in)-264(the)-264(amphitheatre,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-394(the)-394(Numidian)-394(lion)-394(was)-394(laid)-394(low)-394(by)-394(a)-394(deft)-394(stroke)-394(of)-393(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hunting-spear,)-453(or)-413(a)-413(gallant)-413(Myrmillo)-412(from)-413(the)-413(Thames)-413(or)-412(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Danube)-429(sank)-430(upon)-429(the)-429(sand)-429(in)-430(his)-429(last)-429(conflict.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.959 3.959 Td [(1415)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.033 -3.959 Td [(It)-429(is)-430(the)]TJ -243.992 -13.549 Td [(feeling)-322(of)-321(Dion,)-340(when)-321(he)-322(watched)-321(the)-322(Alexandrians)-321(palpitating)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-215(excitement)-216(over)-215(a)-215(race)-215(in)-216(the)-215(circus,)-222(or)-216(the)-215(cities)-215(of)-215(Bithynia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(convulsed)-223(by)-223(some)-223(question)-223(of)-223(shadowy)-223(precedence)-223(or)-223(the)-223(claim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-363(a)-364(line)-363(of)-363(sandhills.)-590(It)-364(is)-363(the)-363(swiftly)-364(stealing)-363(shadow)-363(of)-363(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysterious)-340(eclipse)-340(which)-341(was)-340(to)-340(rest)-340(on)-340(intellect)-340(and)-340(literature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(till)-483(the)-482(end)-483(of)-482(the)-483(Western)-482(Empire.)-948(It)-482(is)-483(the)-482(burden)-483(of)-482(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-348(philosophy)-349(from)-348(Seneca)-348(to)-348(Epictetus,)-373(which)-348(was)-348(one)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([250])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(long)-217(warning)-218(against)-217(the)-217(perils)-217(of)-218(a)-217(materialised)-217(civilisation.)-239(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(warning)-277(of)-278(the)-277(pagan)-277(preacher)-277(was)-278(little)-277(heeded;)-291(the)-277(lesson)-277(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-276(learnt)-276(in)-276(time.)-329(Is)-276(it)-276(possible)-276(that)-276(a)-276(loftier)-276(spiritual)-276(force)-276(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(find)-250(itself)-250(equally)-250(helpless)-250(to)-250(arrest)-250(a)-250(strangely)-250(similar)-250(decline?)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.847 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(1415)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(vi.)-250(46;)-250(vii.)-250(3;)-250(ix.)-250(30.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1423 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1424 0 R /Resources 1422 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1409 0 R >> endobj 1425 0 obj << /D [1423 0 R /XYZ 260.425 192.994 null] >> endobj 1422 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1426 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index10) >> endobj 1429 0 obj (III. The colleges and plebeian life) endobj 1432 0 obj << /Length 4572 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 20.788 512.7 Td [([251])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 167.043 -32.615 Td [(CHAPTER)-278(III)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -67.054 -49.253 Td [(THE)-258(COLLEGES)-258(AND)-259(PLEBEIAN)-258(LIFE)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -27.234 -28.506 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 20.496 0 Td [(Populus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.292 0 Td [(or)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 12.619 0 Td [(Plebs)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.772 0 Td [(of)-324(a)-324(municipal)-323(town)-324(of)-324(the)-324(early)-323(Empire)]TJ -100.179 -13.549 Td [(is)-334(often)-333(mentioned)-334(in)-334(the)-333(inscriptions)-334(along)-334(with)-333(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 238.209 0 Td [(Ordo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.668 0 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(Augustales,)-283(generally)-277(in)-277(demanding)-277(some)-277(benefaction,)-284(or)-276(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doing)-319(honour)-320(to)-319(some)-319(benevolent)-320(patron.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 183.161 3.959 Td [(1416)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.436 -3.959 Td [(They)-319(also)-320(appear)]TJ -204.597 -13.549 Td [(as)-248(recipients)-248(of)-248(a)-247(smaller)-248(share)-248(at)-248(public)-248(feasts)-248(and)-247(distributions.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(They)-415(occasionally)-414(engage)-415(in)-414(a)-414(fierce)-415(conflict)-414(with)-415(the)-414(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(orders,)-306(as)-295(at)-295(Puteoli)-295(in)-295(the)-295(reign)-295(of)-295(Nero,)-306(when)-295(the)-295(discord)-295(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-215(menacing)-215(as)-215(to)-215(call)-214(for)-215(the)-215(presence)-215(of)-215(a)-215(praetorian)-215(cohort.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1417)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-365(election)-365(placards)-365(of)-365(Pompeii)-365(also)-365(disclose)-365(a)-365(keen)-364(popular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interest)-314(in)-313(the)-314(municipal)-313(elections.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.763 3.958 Td [(1418)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.245 -3.958 Td [(But)-314(the)-313(common)-314(people)]TJ -174.008 -13.55 Td [(are)-329(now)-329(as)-330(a)-329(rule)-329(chiefly)-329(known)-329(to)-330(us)-329(from)-329(the)-329(inscriptions)-329(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-226(tombs.)-242(Fortunately)-226(there)-226(is)-226(an)-226(immense)-226(profusion,)-231(in)-226(all)-226(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provinces)-240(as)-241(well)-240(as)-241(in)-240(Italy,)-242(of)-241(these)-240(brief)-241(memorials)-240(of)-240(obscure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lives.)-318(And)-273(although)-273(Roman)-272(literature,)-279(which)-272(was)-273(the)-273(product)-272(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(aristocratic)-335(class)-335(or)-335(of)-335(their)-334(dependents,)-357(generally)-335(pays)-334(but)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(little)-322(attention)-321(to)-321(the)-322(despised)-321(mass)-322(engaged)-321(in)-322(menial)-321(services)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-280(petty)-281(trades,)-287(we)-281(have)-280(seen)-280(that)-280(the)-281(novel)-280(of)-280(Petronius)-280(flashes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-250(brilliant)-250(light)-250(upon)-250(it)-250(in)-250(the)-250(reign)-250(of)-250(Nero.)]TJ 11.956 -13.922 Td [(The)-532(immense)-532(development)-532(of)-532(the)-533(free)-532(proletariat,)-602(in)-532(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(time)-468(of)-467(the)-468(early)-468(Empire,)-522(is)-467(one)-468(of)-468(the)-467(most)-468(striking)-467(social)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(phenomena)-514(which)-515(the)-514(study)-515(of)-514(the)-515(inscriptions)-514(has)-514(brought)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.108 Td [(1416)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-443(Henz.)-442(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 57.821 0 Td [(151;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.048 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.494 0 Td [(xii.)-443(p.)-442(940;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.422 0 Td [(Or.)-443(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.658 0 Td [(3763,)-330(7170)-315(\050consensus)]TJ -197.399 -10.959 Td [(plebis\051;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.141 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(3185)-250(\050ex)-250(postulatione)-250(populi\051;)-250(x.)-250(5067,)-250(1030,)-250(8215,)-250(3704.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.798 -7.31 Td [(1417)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.963 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.941 0 Td [(xiii.)-254(48;)-253(Hi)-251(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.411 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.211 0 Td [(plebs\051)-252(magistratuum)-251(et)-251(primi)-252(cujusque)-251(avaritiam)]TJ -106.482 -10.959 Td [(increpantes.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1418)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iv.)-250(202,)-250(710,)-250(787.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1431 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1432 0 R /Resources 1430 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1409 0 R >> endobj 93 0 obj << /D [1431 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 1427 0 obj << /D [1431 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 1430 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1435 0 obj << /Length 5361 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(307)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-443(light.)-827(It)-443(has)-442(sometimes)-443(been)-443(the)-442(custom)-443(to)-442(speak)-443(of)-442(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(society)-238(as)-238(depending)-238(for)-237(the)-238(supply)-238(of)-238(its)-238(wants)-238(entirely)-238(on)-237(slave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(labour.)-860(And)-453(undoubtedly)-454(at)-453(one)-453(time)-454(slave)-453(labour)-453(occupied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-438(largest)-439(part)-438(of)-439(the)-438(field)-439(of)-438(industry.)-815(A)-439(household)-438(in)-438(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(time)-482(of)-481(the)-482(Republic,)-539(of)-482(even)-482(moderate)-481(wealth,)-540(might)-481(have)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([252])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(400)-443(slaves,)-491(while)-443(a)-443(Crassus)-443(would)-443(have)-443(as)-443(many)-443(as)-442(20,000,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whom)-290(he)-291(hired)-290(out)-290(in)-290(various)-290(industries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.685 3.959 Td [(1419)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.482 -3.959 Td [(But)-290(several)-290(causes)]TJ -199.167 -13.549 Td [(conspired)-298(gradually)-298(to)-297(work)-298(a)-298(great)-297(industrial)-298(revolution.)-393(From)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-245(days)-245(of)-245(Augustus,)-246(the)-245(wars)-245(beyond)-245(the)-245(frontier,)-246(which)-244(added)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fresh)-519(territory)-520(and)-519(yielded)-520(crowds)-519(of)-519(captives)-520(to)-519(the)-519(slave-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(markets,)-246(had)-244(become)-245(less)-244(frequent.)-249(And)-244(it)-245(is)-244(probable)-245(that)-244(births)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-371(the)-371(slave)-371(class)-371(hardly)-371(sufficed)-371(to)-371(maintain)-371(its)-370(numbers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-247(the)-247(depletion)-246(caused)-247(by)-247(mortality)-247(and)-247(manumission.)-248(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practice)-473(of)-473(emancipating)-473(slaves)-473(of)-473(the)-473(more)-473(intelligent)-473(class)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(went)-317(on)-317(so)-317(rapidly)-317(that)-317(it)-317(had)-317(even)-317(to)-317(be)-318(restrained)-317(by)-317(law.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1420)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Masters)-217(found)-216(it)-217(economically)-216(profitable)-217(to)-217(give)-216(skilful)-217(slaves)-216(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interest)-293(in)-293(the)-292(profits)-293(of)-293(their)-293(industry,)-303(and)-293(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 207.938 0 Td [(peculium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.992 0 Td [(,)-304(which)]TJ -247.93 -13.549 Td [(was)-342(thus)-341(accumulated,)-365(soon)-342(provided)-341(the)-342(means)-342(of)-341(purchasing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emancipation.)-951(At)-483(the)-484(same)-483(time,)-542(the)-483(dispersion)-484(of)-483(colossal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fortunes,)-172(gained)-153(in)-152(the)-153(age)-152(of)-153(rapine)-152(and)-153(conquest,)-172(and)-152(squandered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-539(luxury)-539(and)-538(excess,)-611(together)-539(with)-539(the)-539(exploitation)-539(of)-538(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resources)-436(of)-437(favoured)-436(regions,)-483(which)-436(were)-436(now)-436(enjoying)-436(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blessings)-394(of)-394(unimpeded)-394(commerce,)-430(rapid)-393(intercommunication,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-503(perfect)-503(security,)-567(must)-503(have)-503(given)-503(an)-503(immense)-503(stimulus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-536(free)-536(industry.)-1108(A)-536(very)-536(casual)-536(glance)-536(at)-535(the)-536(inscriptions,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(under)-262(the)-262(heading)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 81.275 0 Td [(Artes)-262(et)-262(Opificia)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.376 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.728 3.959 Td [(1421)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.325 -3.959 Td [(will)-262(show)-262(the)-261(enormous)]TJ -175.704 -13.549 Td [(and)-315(flourishing)-314(development)-315(of)-314(skilled)-315(handicrafts,)-330(with)-315(all)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minutest)-210(specialisation)-211(of)-210(the)-211(arts)-210(that)-210(wait)-211(on)-210(a)-210(highly-organised)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-237(luxurious)-238(society.)-246(The)-237(epitaphs)-238(of)-237(these)-238(obscure)-237(toilers)-237(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-206(brought)-205(to)-206(light)-206(in)-206(every)-205(part)-206(of)-206(the)-205(Roman)-206(world,)-215(in)-205(remote)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(towns)-229(in)-229(Spain,)-234(Gaul,)-233(Noricum,)-233(Dacia,)-234(and)-229(North)-229(Africa,)-233(as)-229(well)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(1419)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(159,)-250(160;)-250(Duruy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.485 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(des)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.542 0 Td [(v.)-250(631;)-250(Athen.)-250(vi.)-250(272)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 80.698 0 Td [(D.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -264.247 -7.31 Td [(1420)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(40;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(55.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.015 -7.311 Td [(1421)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(iii.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.961 0 Td [(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.435 0 Td [(p.)-250(180.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1434 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1435 0 R /Resources 1433 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1437 0 R >> endobj 1436 0 obj << /D [1434 0 R /XYZ 46.771 463.978 null] >> endobj 1433 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1440 0 obj << /Length 5171 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(308)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(as)-244(in)-244(the)-243(ancient)-244(centres)-244(of)-244(refinement)-244(in)-243(Italy)-244(or)-244(the)-244(Greek)-243(East.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(On)-334(a)-334(single)-334(page)-334(or)-334(two)-334(you)-334(can)-334(read)-334(the)-334(simple)-334(record)-334(of)-333(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bridle-maker)-235(or)-235(flask-maker)-236(of)-235(Narbonne,)-238(the)-235(cabriolet-driver)-235(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Senegallia,)-308(the)-296(cooper)-297(of)-296(Tr\350ves,)-308(the)-297(stone-cutter)-296(of)-296(N\356mes,)-308(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purple-dealer)-308(of)-308(Augsburg,)-323(beside)-309(those)-308(of)-308(the)-308(wool-comber)-308(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Brescia,)-383(the)-357(oculist)-356(of)-356(Bologna,)-384(the)-356(plumber)-356(of)-357(Naples,)-383(or)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vendors)-324(of)-324(unguents)-324(in)-324(the)-324(Via)-323(Sacra,)-343(and)-324(the)-324(humble)-323(fruiterer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-432(the)-431(Circus)-432(Maximus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.972 3.959 Td [(1422)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.112 -3.959 Td [(Many)-432(of)-431(these)-432(people)-432(had)-431(risen)]TJ -134.084 -13.549 Td [(from)-230(slavery)-230(into)-230(the)-230(freedman)-230(class.)-243(Most)-230(of)-230(them)-230(are)-229(evidently)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([253])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(humble)-499(folk,)-562(although,)-562(like)-499(a)-499(certain)-500(female)-499(pearl-dealer)-499(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-461(Via)-462(Sacra,)-514(they)-461(may)-461(have)-462(freedmen)-461(and)-461(freedwomen)-461(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-431(own,)-476(for)-431(whom)-431(they)-431(provide)-431(a)-431(last)-431(resting-place)-430(beside)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.208 3.959 Td [(1423)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.64 -3.959 Td [(The)-265(barber,)-268(or)-264(auctioneer,)-268(or)-265(leather-seller,)-268(who)]TJ -70.848 -13.549 Td [(had)-256(become)-255(the)-256(owner)-256(of)-255(lands)-256(and)-255(houses,)-258(and)-255(who)-256(could)-255(even)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(give)-436(gladiatorial)-436(shows,)-482(excited)-436(the)-436(contempt)-436(of)-436(Juvenal)-435(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Martial.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.844 3.959 Td [(1424)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.782 -3.959 Td [(But)-391(these)-391(insignificant)-391(people,)-426(although)-391(despised)]TJ -58.626 -13.549 Td [(by)-400(the)-399(old)-400(world)-400(of)-400(aristocratic)-399(tradition,)-437(were)-400(proud)-400(of)-399(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crafts.)-807(They)-436(tell)-436(posterity)-435(who)-436(and)-436(what)-436(they)-435(were,)-482(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-371(vulgar)-372(concealment;)-432(nay,)-402(they)-371(have)-372(left)-371(expensive)-371(tombs,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-383(the)-383(emblems)-384(or)-383(instruments)-383(of)-383(their)-383(petty)-383(trades)-383(proudly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blazoned)-402(upon)-402(them)-402(like)-402(the)-402(armorial)-402(devices)-402(of)-402(our)-401(families)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-326(gentle)-326(birth.)-477(In)-326(the)-326(museum)-326(of)-325(S.)-326(Germain)-326(may)-326(be)-326(seen)-325(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effigy)-334(of)-334(the)-334(apple-seller)-334(commending)-334(his)-334(fruit)-334(to)-334(the)-333(attention)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-392(the)-392(ladies)-392(of)-393(the)-392(quarter;)-463(the)-392(cooper,)-428(with)-392(a)-392(cask)-392(upon)-392(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shoulder;)-457(the)-388(smith,)-423(hammer)-388(in)-388(hand,)-423(at)-388(the)-388(forge;)-457(the)-388(fuller,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(treading)-427(out)-426(and)-427(dressing)-426(the)-427(cloth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.944 3.959 Td [(1425)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.942 -3.959 Td [(This)-427(pride)-426(in)-427(honest)]TJ -187.886 -13.549 Td [(industry)-512(is)-513(a)-512(new)-512(and)-512(healthy)-513(sign,)-577(as)-513(a)-512(reaction)-512(from)-512(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-286(for)-286(it)-285(which)-286(was)-286(engrained)-286(in)-285(old)-286(Roman)-286(society,)-294(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.311 Td [(1422)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-287(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.8 0 Td [(4148,)-266(4143,)-265(4268,)-266(4154.)-287(For)-262(the)-263(provinces)-262(of)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 165.571 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.03 0 Td [(ii.)-287(Suppl.)-288(p.)]TJ -238.357 -10.959 Td [(1171;)-250(viii.)-250(p.)-250(1102;)-250(x.)-250(1163;)-250(xii.)-250(p.)-250(943.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1423)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-813(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.159 0 Td [(,)-485(4148,)-484(Marcia)-438(margaritaria)-437(de)-438(Via)-438(Sacra)-437(legavit)-438(...)-813(libertis)]TJ -52.115 -10.959 Td [(libertabusque)-250(suis....)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1424)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(i.)-250(24;)-250(x.)-250(224;)-250(Mart.)-250(iii.)-250(16,)-250(59.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(1425)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(637.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1439 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1440 0 R /Resources 1438 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1437 0 R >> endobj 1441 0 obj << /D [1439 0 R /XYZ 117.259 409.782 null] >> endobj 1438 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1444 0 obj << /Length 5785 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(309)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-316(is)-315(always)-316(congenial)-315(to)-316(an)-316(aristocratic)-315(caste)-316(supported)-315(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slave)-424(labour.)-773(In)-424(spite)-424(of)-424(the)-424(grossness)-424(and)-424(base)-424(vulgarity)-424(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sudden)-453(wealth,)-505(portrayed)-453(by)-453(Petronius)-454(and)-453(Juvenal,)-504(the)-453(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class)-416(of)-417(free)-416(artisans)-417(and)-416(traders)-416(had)-417(often,)-458(so)-416(far)-417(as)-416(we)-416(can)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(judge)-378(by)-377(stone)-378(records,)-410(a)-377(sound)-378(and)-378(healthy)-377(life,)-410(sobered)-377(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dignified)-245(by)-245(honest)-245(toil,)-245(and)-245(the)-245(pride)-245(of)-245(skill)-245(and)-244(independence.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Individually)-402(weak)-403(and)-402(despised,)-440(they)-403(were)-402(finding)-402(the)-402(means)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-369(developing)-368(an)-369(organisation,)-398(which)-369(at)-368(once)-369(cultivated)-368(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feeling,)-187(heightened)-172(their)-171(self-respect,)-187(and)-172(guarded)-171(their)-171(collective)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interests.)-233(While)-197(the)-198(old)-197(aristocracy)-197(were)-198(being)-197(rapidly)-198(thinned)-197(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vice)-234(and)-233(extravagance,)-237(or)-234(by)-234(confiscation,)-237(the)-233(leaders)-234(of)-234(the)-233(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(industrial)-251(movement)-251(probably)-250(founded)-251(many)-251(a)-251(senatorial)-250(house,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which,)-496(in)-447(the)-447(fourth)-446(and)-447(fifth)-447(centuries,)-496(in)-447(an)-446(ever-recurring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fashion,)-245(came)-243(to)-244(regard)-243(manual)-244(industry)-243(with)-244(sublime)-243(contempt,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-286(traced)-285(themselves)-286(to)-286(Aemilius)-285(Paullus)-286(or)-286(Scipio,)-294(or)-286(even)-285(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aeneas)-250(or)-250(Agamemnon.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.731 3.959 Td [(1426)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -93.775 -19.487 Td [(The)-287(organisation)-288(of)-287(industry)-287(through)-288(the)-287(colleges)-287(attained)-287(an)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([254])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(immense)-419(development)-418(in)-419(the)-418(Antonine)-419(age,)-461(and)-418(still)-419(more)-418(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-295(third)-295(century,)-306(after)-294(the)-295(definite)-295(sanction)-295(and)-294(encouragement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(given)-347(to)-346(these)-347(societies)-347(by)-346(Alexander)-347(Severus.)-540(The)-347(records)-346(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-423(movement)-424(are)-423(numerous,)-467(and)-423(we)-424(can,)-467(after)-423(the)-423(scholarly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sifting)-270(of)-269(recent)-270(years,)-275(now)-269(form)-270(a)-270(tolerably)-269(complete)-270(and)-269(vivid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-449(of)-450(these)-449(corporations)-449(which,)-499(springing)-450(up)-449(at)-449(first)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spontaneously,)-349(in)-329(defiance)-329(of)-329(government,)-349(or)-329(with)-329(its)-329(reluctant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(connivance,)-218(were)-209(destined,)-218(under)-210(imperial)-209(control,)-218(to)-210(petrify)-209(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-253(intolerable)-253(system)-253(of)-254(caste)-253(servitude)-253(in)-253(the)-253(last)-253(century)-253(of)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Empire)-250(of)-250(the)-250(West.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.862 3.959 Td [(1427)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -75.906 -19.487 Td [(The)-515(sodalitia)-515(and)-514(collegia)-515(were)-515(of)-515(immemorial)-514(antiquity.)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(Certain)-509(industrial)-509(colleges)-509(and)-509(sacred)-509(sodalities)-509(were)-509(traced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(back)-445(to)-445(Numa,)-493(and)-445(even)-445(to)-445(the)-445(foundation)-445(of)-445(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.999 3.959 Td [(1428)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.544 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.149 Td [(1426)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-250(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.851 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(108,)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.991 -7.31 Td [(1427)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Roman)-233(Society)-232(in)-233(the)-232(Last)-233(Century)-233(of)-232(the)-233(Western)-233(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 208.138 0 Td [(\0501st.)-244(ed.\051,)-236(p.)-244(193.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -222.833 -7.311 Td [(1428)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.319 0 Td [(De)-359(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.591 0 Td [(\050Morel\051)-359(p.)-579(28)-359(sq.;)-414(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 106.725 0 Td [(Rel.)-578(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.278 0 Td [(ii.)-578(278;)-414(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -231.868 -10.959 Td [(Numa)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(17,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.397 0 Td [(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.083 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.007 0 Td [(\264\271\261\275\277\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.483 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.029 0 Td [(\272\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.136 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304\255\307\275\261\302)-250(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.739 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\273\267\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.378 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\307\301\305\303\277\307\314\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.586 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1443 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1444 0 R /Resources 1442 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1437 0 R >> endobj 1445 0 obj << /D [1443 0 R /XYZ 317.103 299.409 null] >> endobj 1442 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1448 0 obj << /Length 5599 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(310)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-466(flourishing)-465(days)-466(of)-465(the)-466(Republic)-465(they)-466(multiplied)-465(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(restraint)-431(or)-430(suspicion,)-476(the)-431(only)-431(associations)-430(at)-431(which)-431(the)-430(law)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(looked)-350(askance)-350(being)-350(those)-350(which)-350(met)-350(secretly)-350(or)-350(by)-350(night.)-550(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-394(only)-395(in)-394(the)-395(last)-394(century)-394(of)-395(the)-394(Republic)-395(that)-394(the)-394(colleges)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(came)-492(to)-492(be)-492(regarded)-492(as)-492(dangerous)-493(to)-492(the)-492(public)-492(peace,)-552(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-447(were,)-496(with)-447(some)-447(necessary)-447(exceptions,)-496(suppressed)-447(by)-447(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decree)-446(of)-446(the)-446(Senate)-446(in)-446(64)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 128.551 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.939 0 Td [(They)-446(were)-446(revived)-446(again)-446(for)]TJ -148.49 -13.549 Td [(factious)-469(or)-469(revolutionary)-470(purposes)-469(in)-469(58)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 191.295 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.193 0 Td [(by)-469(Clodius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 52.704 3.959 Td [(1429)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-396(emperors)-395(Julius)-396(and)-396(Augustus)-396(abolished)-395(the)-396(free)-396(right)-395(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(association,)-478(except)-433(in)-432(the)-433(case)-432(of)-433(a)-432(few)-432(consecrated)-433(by)-432(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(antiquity)-243(or)-244(their)-243(religious)-243(character.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.375 3.959 Td [(1430)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.142 -3.959 Td [(And)-243(it)-244(was)-243(enacted)-243(that)]TJ -178.517 -13.549 Td [(new)-268(colleges)-268(could)-269(not)-268(be)-268(created)-268(without)-268(special)-268(authorisation.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-453(the)-453(middle)-453(of)-453(the)-452(second)-453(century,)-504(the)-453(jurist)-453(Gaius)-453(lays)-452(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-248(that)-248(the)-248(formation)-248(of)-248(new)-248(colleges)-248(was)-248(restrained)-248(by)-247(laws,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(decrees)-447(of)-447(the)-446(Senate,)-496(and)-447(imperial)-447(constitutions,)-496(although)-446(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-404(number)-404(of)-403(societies,)-443(both)-403(in)-404(Rome)-404(and)-404(the)-403(provinces,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-302(as)-303(those)-302(of)-302(the)-303(miners,)-315(salt)-302(workers,)-316(bakers,)-315(and)-302(boatmen,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-238(authorised.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.963 3.959 Td [(1431)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.12 -3.959 Td [(And)-238(down)-237(to)-238(the)-237(time)-238(of)-238(Justinian,)-240(the)-237(right)]TJ -91.083 -13.549 Td [(of)-201(free)-201(association)-201(was)-200(jealously)-201(watched)-201(as)-201(a)-201(possible)-201(menace)-200(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-248(public)-248(peace.)-249(The)-248(refusal)-248(of)-248(Trajan)-248(to)-248(sanction)-248(the)-247(formation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-297(a)-297(company)-296(of)-297(firemen)-297(in)-297(Nicomedia,)-308(with)-297(the)-297(reasons)-296(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-416(gave)-416(to)-416(Pliny)-416(for)-416(his)-415(decision,)-458(furnishes)-416(the)-416(best)-415(concrete)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(illustration)-275(of)-275(the)-274(imperial)-275(policy)-275(towards)-275(the)-274(colleges.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.658 3.959 Td [(1432)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.976 -3.959 Td [(That)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -333.389 0 Td [([255])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-450(danger)-450(from)-450(the)-451(colleges)-450(to)-450(the)-450(public)-450(order)-450(was)-450(not)-450(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imaginary)-353(one,)-378(is)-353(clear)-353(from)-353(the)-353(passage)-353(in)-353(Tacitus)-352(describing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-317(bloody)-318(riots)-317(between)-317(the)-317(people)-317(of)-318(Nuceria)-317(and)-317(Pompeii)-317(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-208(reign)-208(of)-209(Nero,)-216(which)-208(had)-209(evidently)-208(been)-208(fomented)-208(by)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 247.903 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(illicit)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(clubs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.757 3.959 Td [(1433)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.446 -3.959 Td [(It)-289(is)-289(seen)-289(even)-290(more)-289(strikingly)-289(in)-289(the)-289(serious)-289(troubles)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.388 Td [(1429)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(76.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -81.7 -7.31 Td [(1430)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(42;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.701 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.894 0 Td [(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -97.131 -7.311 Td [(1431)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(84.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -81.7 -7.31 Td [(1432)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(x.)-250(34.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.311 Td [(1433)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.655 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.839 0 Td [(xiv.)-889(17,)-517(re)-463(ad)-463(patres)-463(relata)-463(...)-889(collegia)-463(quae)-463(contra)-463(leges)]TJ -56.449 -10.959 Td [(instituerant)-250(dissoluta.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1447 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1448 0 R /Resources 1446 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1437 0 R >> endobj 1449 0 obj << /D [1447 0 R /XYZ 143.821 220.093 null] >> endobj 1446 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1452 0 obj << /Length 5175 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(311)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-359(the)-360(reign)-359(of)-359(Aurelian,)-387(when)-359(7000)-359(people)-360(were)-359(killed)-359(in)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(organised)-391(outbreak)-391(of)-391(the)-391(workmen)-391(of)-391(the)-391(mint.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.222 3.959 Td [(1434)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.782 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-391(it)-391(is)]TJ -243.004 -13.549 Td [(pretty)-414(clear)-414(that,)-456(in)-414(spite)-414(of)-414(legislation,)-455(and)-414(imperial)-414(distrust,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-279(colleges)-280(were)-279(multiplying,)-287(not)-279(only)-280(in)-279(Rome,)-287(but)-279(in)-279(remote,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(insignificant)-458(places,)-511(and)-458(even)-458(in)-458(the)-459(camps,)-510(from)-458(which)-458(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legislator)-410(was)-409(specially)-410(determined)-409(to)-409(avert)-410(their)-409(temptations.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-371(the)-370(blank)-371(wilderness,)-400(created)-371(by)-371(a)-370(universal)-371(despotism,)-400(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(craving)-260(for)-260(sympathy)-260(and)-260(mutual)-260(succour)-260(inspired)-260(a)-260(great)-260(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(movement,)-413(which)-381(legislation)-380(was)-381(powerless)-381(to)-380(check.)-642(Just)-380(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-365(the)-364(reigns)-365(of)-365(Theodosius)-364(and)-365(Honorius,)-393(imperial)-365(edicts)-364(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rescripts)-374(were)-373(paralysed)-374(by)-373(the)-374(impalpable,)-404(quietly)-373(irresistible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-262(of)-262(a)-263(universal)-262(social)-262(need)-262(or)-262(sentiment.)-287(One)-262(simple)-262(means)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-341(evasion)-341(was)-340(provided)-341(by)-341(the)-341(government)-340(itself,)-364(probably)-340(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(early)-307(as)-307(the)-307(first)-307(century.)-422(In)-307(an)-307(inscription)-307(of)-307(Lanuvium,)-321(of)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(year)-202(136)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 39.536 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-211(there)-202(is)-201(a)-202(recital)-201(of)-202(a)-201(decree)-202(of)-202(the)-201(Senate)-202(according)]TJ -55.514 -13.549 Td [(the)-389(right)-390(of)-389(association)-390(to)-389(those)-389(who)-390(wish)-389(to)-390(form)-389(a)-389(funerary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(college,)-376(provided)-351(the)-351(members)-351(did)-351(not)-351(meet)-351(more)-351(than)-351(once)-350(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(month)-208(to)-208(make)-209(their)-208(contributions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.388 3.959 Td [(1435)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.013 -3.959 Td [(It)-208(appears)-208(from)-209(Marcian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.353 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(reference)-212(to)-212(this)-212(law)-211(that)-212(other)-212(meetings)-212(for)-212(purposes)-212(of)-211(religious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(observance)-176(might)-176(be)-176(held,)-190(the)-176(provisions)-176(of)-176(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 203.056 0 Td [(senatusconsultum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -203.056 -13.549 Td [(against)-323(illicit)-322(colleges)-323(being)-323(carefully)-323(observed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.416 3.959 Td [(1436)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.545 -3.959 Td [(Mommsen)]TJ -233.961 -13.549 Td [(has)-297(shown)-297(that)-297(many)-297(other)-297(pious)-297(and)-297(charitable)-297(purposes)-296(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-350(easily)-349(brought)-350(within)-349(the)-349(scope)-350(of)-349(the)-350(funerary)-349(association.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-352(it)-353(was)-352(not)-353(difficult)-352(for)-352(a)-353(society)-352(which)-352(desired)-353(to)-352(make)-352(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monthly)-254(contribution)-253(for)-254(any)-254(purpose)-254(to)-253(take)-254(the)-254(particular)-253(form)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(recognised)-389(by)-389(the)-388(law.)-667(In)-389(the)-389(reign)-388(of)-389(M.)-389(Aurelius,)-423(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(membership)-510(of)-509(two)-510(colleges)-510(is)-509(still)-510(prohibited,)-575(the)-509(colleges)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obtained)-341(the)-341(legal)-341(right)-340(to)-341(receive)-341(bequests,)-364(and)-341(to)-340(emancipate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-365(slaves.)-593(And)-364(finally,)-394(Alexander)-364(Severus)-365(organised)-364(all)-364(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([256])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.045 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.233 Td [(1434)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Vop.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(Aurel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(c.)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.024 -7.394 Td [(1435)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-389(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.013 0 Td [(6086;)-319(cf.)-389(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.606 0 Td [(De)-296(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.459 0 Td [(p.)-389(98;)-319(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.927 0 Td [(Rel.)-389(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.014 0 Td [(ii.)-389(313;)]TJ -253.974 -10.959 Td [(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(408.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1436)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(87.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1451 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1452 0 R /Resources 1450 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1437 0 R >> endobj 1453 0 obj << /D [1451 0 R /XYZ 46.771 138.798 null] >> endobj 1450 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1456 0 obj << /Length 4704 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(312)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(industrial)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(assigned)-250(them)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 165.742 0 Td [(defensores)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.658 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(1437)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -203.171 -23.539 Td [(The)-619(law)-619(against)-619(illicit)-620(associations,)-711(with)-619(all)-619(its)-619(serious)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(penalties,)-417(remained)-383(in)-383(the)-384(imperial)-383(armoury.)-650(But)-383(the)-383(Empire,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-348(had)-349(striven)-348(to)-348(prevent)-349(combination,)-373(really)-348(furnished)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greatest)-392(incentive)-392(to)-392(combine.)-677(In)-392(the)-392(face)-392(of)-392(that)-392(world-wide)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-349(all-powerful)-349(system,)-373(the)-349(individual)-348(subject)-349(felt,)-374(ever)-348(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-326(more,)-346(his)-326(loneliness)-327(and)-326(helplessness.)-480(The)-326(imperial)-326(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-248(be)-248(well-meaning)-247(and)-248(beneficent,)-248(but)-248(it)-248(was)-248(so)-248(terrible)-247(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(levelling)-378(in)-378(the)-378(immense)-377(sweep)-378(of)-378(its)-378(forces,)-410(that)-378(the)-377(isolated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-272(seemed,)-277(in)-272(its)-272(presence,)-278(reduced)-272(to)-272(the)-272(insignificance)-272(of)-271(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(insect)-278(or)-278(a)-277(grain)-278(of)-278(sand.)-333(Moreover,)-285(the)-278(aristocratic)-277(constitution)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-289(municipal)-289(society)-289(became)-289(steadily)-289(more)-289(and)-289(more)-289(exclusive.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(If)-192(the)-192(rich)-192(decurions)-192(catered)-192(for)-192(the)-192(pleasures)-192(of)-192(the)-192(people,)-203(it)-192(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-365(the)-364(condition)-365(that)-364(they)-365(retained)-365(their)-364(monopoly)-365(of)-364(political)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-434(and)-435(social)-434(precedence.)-803(The)-435(plebeian)-434(crowd,)-480(recruited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-292(the)-291(ranks)-292(of)-292(slavery,)-302(and)-292(ever)-291(growing)-292(in)-292(numbers)-291(and,)-302(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-314(higher)-314(ranks,)-330(in)-315(wealth,)-330(did)-314(not)-314(indeed)-314(dream)-314(of)-314(breaking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-470(these)-470(barriers)-469(of)-470(exclusiveness;)-580(but)-470(they)-470(claimed,)-524(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quietly)-282(asserted,)-290(the)-282(right)-282(to)-282(organise)-282(a)-282(society)-282(of)-282(their)-282(own,)-289(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(protection)-247(against)-246(oppression,)-247(for)-247(mutual)-246(sympathy)-247(and)-246(support,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-291(relief)-291(from)-291(the)-292(deadly)-291(dulness)-291(of)-291(an)-291(obscure)-291(and)-291(sordid)-291(life.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Individually)-387(weak)-387(and)-388(despised,)-421(they)-387(might,)-422(by)-387(union,)-421(gain)-387(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense)-264(of)-264(collective)-265(di)1(gnity)-265(and)-264(strength.)-292(To)-264(our)-265(eyes,)-267(as)-264(perhaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-454(the)-453(eyes)-454(of)-454(the)-453(Roman)-454(aristocrat,)-505(the)-453(dignity)-454(might)-453(seem)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far)-452(from)-452(imposing.)-855(But)-452(these)-452(things)-452(are)-452(greatly)-452(a)-452(matter)-451(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination,)-360(and)-337(depend)-338(on)-338(the)-338(breadth)-337(of)-338(the)-338(mental)-337(horizon.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(When)-362(the)-362(brotherhood,)-389(many)-362(of)-362(them)-361(of)-362(servile)-362(grade,)-390(met)-361(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(full)-227(conclave,)-231(in)-226(the)-227(temple)-227(of)-226(their)-227(patron)-226(deity,)-232(to)-226(pass)-227(a)-226(formal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decree)-340(of)-341(thanks)-340(to)-341(a)-340(benefactor,)-363(and)-340(regale)-341(themselves)-340(with)-340(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modest)-324(repast,)-342(or)-324(when)-324(they)-323(passed)-324(through)-324(the)-324(streets)-324(and)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forum)-348(with)-348(banners)-348(flying,)-372(and)-348(all)-348(the)-348(emblems)-348(of)-348(their)-348(guild,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-223(meanest)-223(member)-223(felt)-222(himself)-223(lifted)-223(for)-223(the)-223(moment)-223(above)-222(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 69.951 Td [(1437)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(Alex.)-250(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.345 0 Td [(c.)-250(33;)-250(cf.)-250(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(408.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1455 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1456 0 R /Resources 1454 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1437 0 R >> endobj 1454 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1459 0 obj << /Length 5244 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(313)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(dim,)-250(hopeless)-250(obscurity)-250(of)-250(plebeian)-250(life.)]TJ 11.956 -22.924 Td [(No)-341(small)-340(part)-341(of)-341(old)-341(Roman)-340(piety)-341(consisted)-341(in)-341(a)-340(scrupulous)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(reverence)-335(for)-335(the)-335(dead,)-356(and)-334(a)-335(care)-335(to)-335(prolong)-335(their)-335(memory)-334(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solid)-302(memorial)-301(and)-302(solemn)-302(ritual,)-314(it)-302(might)-302(be)-301(to)-302(maintain)-301(some)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(faint)-232(tie)-232(of)-232(sympathy)-232(with)-231(the)-232(shade)-232(which)-232(had)-232(passed)-232(into)-232(a)-231(dim)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([257])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(and)-194(rather)-195(cheerless)-194(world.)-232(The)-194(conception)-195(of)-194(that)-195(other)-194(state)-194(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(always)-231(vague,)-234(often)-231(purely)-230(negative.)-244(It)-230(is)-231(not)-230(often)-231(that)-230(a)-231(spirit)-230(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sped)-268(on)-268(its)-268(way)-267(to)-268(join)-268(a)-268(loved)-268(one)-268(in)-268(the)-267(Elysian)-268(fields,)-273(and)-267(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-186(fear)-185(that)-186(such)-185(phrases,)-198(when)-186(they)-186(do)-185(occur,)-198(are)-186(rather)-185(literary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-353(conventional.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.686 3.959 Td [(1438)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.532 -3.959 Td [(The)-353(hope)-353(of)-353(blessed)-352(reunion)-353(after)-353(death)]TJ -101.218 -13.549 Td [(seldom)-278(meets)-278(us)-278(till)-278(we)-278(come)-278(to)-278(some)-278(monument)-278(of)-278(a)-278(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedman.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.92 3.959 Td [(1439)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.003 -3.959 Td [(But)-205(two)-205(of)-206(the)-205(deepest)-205(feelings)-205(in)-205(the)-205(Roman)-206(mind)]TJ -62.923 -13.549 Td [(did)-336(duty)-336(for)-335(a)-336(clear)-336(faith)-336(in)-335(the)-336(life)-336(beyond)-335(the)-336(tomb:)-422(one)-335(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(family)-286(piety,)-294(the)-286(other)-286(the)-286(passionate)-285(desire)-286(of)-286(the)-286(parting)-285(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-281(escape)-280(neglect)-281(and)-281(oblivion.)-342(Whoever)-281(will)-280(cast)-281(his)-281(eyes)-280(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-256(pages)-256(of)-256(the)-256(sepulchral)-256(inscriptions)-256(will)-256(be)-256(struck)-256(with)-256(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intensity)-211(and)-211(warmth)-211(of)-211(affection,)-219(the)-211(bitterness)-211(of)-211(loss)-211(and)-210(grief,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-367(have)-366(been)-367(committed)-366(to)-367(the)-366(stone.)-600(The)-367(expressions,)-395(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(course,)-267(are)-264(often)-264(conventional,)-268(like)-264(obituary)-264(memorials)-264(in)-263(every)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(age.)-607(The)-369(model)-369(wife)-370(appears)-369(again)-369(and)-369(again,)-399(loving,)-398(chaste,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pious,)-198(a)-185(woman)-184(of)-185(the)-185(antique)-185(model,)-198(a)-184(keeper)-185(at)-185(home,)-198(who)-184(spun)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-248(her)-248(maids)-248(and)-248(suckled)-248(her)-248(own)-248(children,)-248(who)-248(never)-248(gave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(her)-418(husband)-419(a)-418(moment)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.585 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-418(vexation,)-461(except)-418(when)-418(she)-419(died.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.974 3.959 Td [(1440)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Good)-350(husbands)-350(seem)-350(to)-350(have)-350(been)-350(not)-350(less)-350(common.)-550(And)-349(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.386 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-334(grief)-334(sometimes)-334(far)-335(outruns)-334(the)-334(regular)-334(forms)-334(of)-334(eulogy)]TJ -23.019 -13.55 Td [(or)-263(regret.)-291(In)-263(one)-264(pathetic)-263(memorial)-263(of)-264(a)-263(union)-264(formed)-263(in)-263(earliest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(youth,)-234(the)-229(lonely)-229(wife)-230(begs)-229(the)-229(unseen)-230(Powers)-229(to)-229(let)-230(her)-229(have)-229(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vision)-271(of)-271(her)-270(spouse)-271(in)-271(the)-271(hours)-270(of)-271(night,)-276(and)-271(bring)-271(her)-270(quickly)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.108 Td [(1438)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-587(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.388 0 Td [(4841,)-391(Elysiis)-362(campis)-363(floreat)-362(umbra)-362(tibi;)-419(but)-363(cf.)-587(4793,)-391(manus)]TJ -53.343 -10.959 Td [(levo)-337(contra)-337(deum)-337(qui)-337(me)-337(innocentem)-337(sustulit;)-380(4796,)-359(Dii)-337(irati)-337(aeterno)-337(somno)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(dederunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1439)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4662,)-250(Qutia)-250(Silvana)-250(Uxor)-250(virum)-250(expecto)-250(meum.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1440)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.724 0 Td [(2677,)-230(2655,)-229(4626,)-230(4639,)-230(4848,)-229(Domum)-225(servavit,)-229(lanam)-225(fecit.)-241(Dixi,)-230(abei.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1458 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1459 0 R /Resources 1457 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1461 0 R >> endobj 1460 0 obj << /D [1458 0 R /XYZ 283.55 454.603 null] >> endobj 1457 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1464 0 obj << /Length 5625 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(314)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-311(his)-312(side.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.314 3.959 Td [(1441)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.175 -3.959 Td [(There)-311(is)-312(just)-311(the)-312(same)-311(pure)-311(affection)-312(in)-311(the)-312(less)]TJ -69.489 -13.549 Td [(regular,)-229(but)-224(often)-224(as)-224(stable,)-229(unions)-224(of)-224(the)-224(slaves)-223(and)-224(soldiers,)-229(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 15.46 0 Td [(contubernalis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 62.13 0 Td [(is)-195(lamented)-195(with)-195(the)-196(same)-195(honourable)-195(affection)]TJ -77.59 -13.549 Td [(as)-214(the)-213(great)-214(lady,)-221(although)-214(the)-214(faulty)-213(Latin)-214(sometimes)-214(betrays)-213(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(class)-271(to)-272(which)-271(the)-271(author)-271(belongs.)-314(The)-272(slave)-271(world)-271(must)-271(always)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-315(its)-315(shame)-315(and)-315(tragedy;)-348(yet)-315(many)-315(an)-315(inscription)-315(shows,)-331(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-330(welcome)-329(gleam)-330(of)-329(light,)-350(that)-329(even)-330(there)-330(human)-329(love)-330(and)-329(ties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-244(family)-243(were)-244(not)-244(always)-244(desecrated.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.061 3.959 Td [(1442)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.142 -3.959 Td [(The)-244(slave)-243(nurse)-244(erects)]TJ -184.203 -13.549 Td [(a)-349(monument)-350(to)-349(her)-350(little)-349(foster)-350(child;)-399(or)-349(a)-350(master)-349(and)-349(mistress)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(raise)-240(an)-239(affectionate)-240(memorial)-240(to)-239(two)-240(young)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 194.624 0 Td [(vernae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.298 0 Td [(who)-240(died)-239(on)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -299.678 0 Td [([258])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(one)-275(day.)-324(A)-275(freedman)-275(bewails,)-281(with)-275(warm)-275(sincerity,)-281(a)-274(friendship)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(begun)-438(in)-437(the)-438(slave)-437(market,)-485(and)-437(never)-438(interrupted)-437(till)-438(the)-437(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fatal)-361(hour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.049 3.959 Td [(1443)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.803 -3.959 Td [(The)-361(common)-361(tragedies)-361(of)-362(affection)-361(meet)-361(us)-361(on)]TJ -68.852 -13.549 Td [(these)-364(slabs,)-393(as)-364(they)-365(are)-364(reproduced)-364(from)-364(age)-365(to)-364(age)-364(with)-364(little)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(variation.)-686(The)-396(prevalent)-395(note)-396(is,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 152.993 0 Td [(Vale)-395(vale)-396(in)-395(aeternum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 100.803 0 Td [(,)-432(with)]TJ -253.796 -13.549 Td [(thoughts)-414(of)-415(the)-414(ghostly)-414(ferryman)-414(and)-415(the)-414(infernal)-414(stream)-414(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hopeless)-357(separation.)-570(Now)-357(and)-356(then,)-384(but)-357(seldom,)-383(a)-357(soul)-356(passes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cheerfully)-394(from)-394(the)-395(light)-394(which)-394(it)-394(has)-395(loved,)-430(happy)-394(to)-394(escape)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-298(burden)-297(of)-298(old)-298(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.516 3.959 Td [(1444)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.727 -3.959 Td [(And)-298(sometimes,)-309(too,)-310(but)-298(seldom,)-309(we)]TJ -118.243 -13.549 Td [(meet)-267(with)-266(a)-267(cold,)-270(hard)-267(grossness,)-270(which)-267(looks)-266(back)-267(with)-266(perfect)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(content)-389(upon)-390(a)-389(full)-390(life)-389(of)-390(the)-389(flesh)-390(and)-389(takes)-390(the)-389(prospect)-389(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nothingness)-250(with)-250(a)-250(cheerful)-250(acquiescence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 183.284 3.959 Td [(1445)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -171.329 -17.508 Td [(The)-371(true)-370(Roman)-371(had)-370(a)-370(horror)-371(of)-370(the)-371(loneliness)-370(of)-371(death,)-401(of)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(the)-255(day)-255(when)-255(no)-255(kindly)-256(eye)-255(would)-255(read)-255(his)-255(name)-255(and)-255(style)-255(upon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-405(slab,)-444(when)-405(no)-405(hand)-406(for)-405(evermore)-405(would)-405(bring)-405(the)-405(annual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(offering)-281(of)-280(wine)-281(and)-280(flowers.)-341(It)-281(is)-280(pathetic)-281(to)-280(see)-281(how)-280(universal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-404(the)-403(craving)-404(to)-404(be)-404(remembered)-403(felt)-404(even)-404(by)-404(slaves,)-442(by)-403(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(plying)-306(the)-306(most)-306(despised)-306(or)-306(unsavoury)-306(crafts.)-418(The)-306(infant)-305(Julius)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.431 Td [(1441)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4775.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1442)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2669,)-250(4653,)-250(2413,)-250(2414.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1443)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2815,)-250(2817,)-250(4687,)-250(4777,)-250(4653.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1444)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4852,)-250(effugi)-250(crimen)-250(longa)-250(senecta)-250(tuum.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1445)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.652 0 Td [(4816,)-223(balnea,)-224(vina,)-223(Venus)-216(corrumpunt)-217(corpora)-217(nostra,)-223(sed)-217(vitam)-216(faciunt.)]TJ -23.607 -10.959 Td [(Vixi;)-250(quod)-249(comedi)-249(et)-250(ebibi)-249(tantum)-250(meum)-249(est.)-250(Non)-249(fui,)-250(fui;)-250(non)-249(sum,)-250(non)-249(curo;)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(4807,)-250(7407,)-250(7387.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1463 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1464 0 R /Resources 1462 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1461 0 R >> endobj 1465 0 obj << /D [1463 0 R /XYZ 320.465 396.232 null] >> endobj 1462 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1468 0 obj << /Length 5544 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(315)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Diadumenus,)-228(who)-221(has)-222(only)-222(drawn)-222(breath)-222(for)-222(four)-222(hours,)-227(receives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-194(enduring)-194(memorial.)-232(A)-194(wife)-194(consoles)-194(her)-194(grief)-194(with)-194(the)-194(thought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-284(her)-284(husband)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.854 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-284(name)-284(and)-284(fame)-285(will)-284(be)-284(forever)-284(prolonged)-284(by)]TJ -76.487 -13.549 Td [(the)-442(slab)-441(which)-442(she)-441(dedicates.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.697 3.958 Td [(1446)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.435 -3.958 Td [(On)-442(another)-441(monument)-442(the)]TJ -160.132 -13.55 Td [(traveller)-384(along)-384(the)-384(Flaminian)-384(Way)-384(is)-384(begged)-384(to)-384(stop)-384(and)-383(read)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(again)-378(the)-378(epitaph)-379(on)-378(a)-378(boy)-378(of)-378(nine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 160.673 3.959 Td [(1447)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.362 -3.959 Td [(Many)-378(are)-378(tortured)-379(by)]TJ -184.035 -13.549 Td [(the)-261(fear)-261(of)-261(the)-260(desertion)-261(or)-261(the)-261(violation)-261(of)-261(their)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 211.446 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(eternal)-261(home.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.497 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(An)-296(old)-296(veteran)-296(bequeaths)-296(from)-296(his)-296(savings)-296(a)-296(sum)-296(of)-296(about)-295(\24380,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-315(provide)-316(a)-315(supply)-315(of)-315(oil)-316(for)-315(the)-315(lamp)-315(above)-316(his)-315(tomb.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.998 3.958 Td [(1448)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.301 -3.958 Td [(An)]TJ -267.299 -13.55 Td [(unguent)-248(seller)-249(of)-248(Montferrat)-248(leaves)-249(a)-248(fine)-248(garden)-249(to)-248(afford)-248(to)-248(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guardians)-246(of)-245(his)-246(grave)-245(an)-246(annual)-245(feast)-246(upon)-245(his)-246(birthday,)-246(and)-245(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(roses)-230(which)-229(are)-230(to)-229(be)-230(laid)-229(upon)-230(it)-229(for)-230(ever.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.19 3.959 Td [(1449)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.091 -3.959 Td [(Many)-230(a)-229(prayer,)-234(by)]TJ -201.281 -13.549 Td [(the)-196(gods)-197(of)-196(the)-197(upper)-196(and)-196(the)-197(lower)-196(worlds,)-207(appeals)-197(to)-196(the)-196(passing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wayfarer)-397(not)-396(to)-397(disturb)-396(the)-397(eternal)-396(rest.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.942 3.958 Td [(1450)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.961 -3.958 Td [(The)-396(alienation)-397(or)]TJ -202.903 -13.55 Td [(desecration)-349(of)-349(a)-349(tomb)-350(is)-349(forbidden)-349(with)-349(curses)-349(or)-349(the)-349(threat)-349(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heavy)-263(penalties.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 70.426 3.959 Td [(1451)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.581 -3.959 Td [(A)-263(place)-262(of)-263(burial)-263(was)-262(a)-263(coveted)-263(possession,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.017 0 Td [([259])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(which)-313(was)-313(not)-313(easily)-313(attainable)-313(by)-313(the)-313(poor)-313(and)-313(friendless,)-328(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practical)-319(persons)-318(guarded)-319(their)-318(repose)-318(against)-319(lawless)-318(intrusion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-273(requiring)-273(the)-274(delinquent)-273(to)-273(pay)-273(a)-274(heavy)-273(fine)-273(to)-273(the)-273(municipal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-241(to)-240(the)-241(imperial)-240(treasury,)-243(or)-241(to)-240(the)-241(pontifical)-240(college.)-247(It)-241(was)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-353(effectual)-354(way)-353(of)-353(securing)-353(the)-354(peace)-353(of)-353(the)-353(dead.)-560(For)-353(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(public)-235(authorities)-236(had)-235(a)-236(direct)-235(pecuniary)-235(interest)-236(in)-235(enforcing)-235(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(penalty)-285(for)-285(the)-285(desecration.)-356(But)-285(it)-285(would)-285(be)-285(interesting)-285(to)-285(know)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(how)-364(long)-365(these)-364(provisions)-364(to)-365(protect)-364(for)-364(ever)-365(the)-364(peace)-364(of)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(departed)-250(fulfilled)-250(the)-250(hopes)-250(of)-250(the)-250(testator.)]TJ 11.956 -17.949 Td [(The)-546(primary)-547(object)-546(of)-547(a)-546(multitude)-547(of)-546(colleges,)-621(like)-546(that)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-419(the)-419(worshippers)-418(of)-419(Diana)-419(and)-419(Antinous)-419(at)-418(Lanuvium,)-461(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(undoubtedly,)-377(after)-351(the)-351(reign)-352(of)-351(Nerva,)-377(the)-351(care)-352(of)-351(the)-351(memory)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.529 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.716 Td [(1446)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4795,)-250(7406.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1447)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4836.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1448)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4416.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1449)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4417.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1450)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4781,)-250(4783,)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1451)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4386,)-250(4357,)-250(4360,)-250(4362,)-250(4388,)-250(4396,)-250(4423,)-250(4425,)-250(4427.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1467 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1468 0 R /Resources 1466 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1461 0 R >> endobj 1469 0 obj << /D [1467 0 R /XYZ 75.688 314.937 null] >> endobj 1466 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1472 0 obj << /Length 5177 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(316)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-362(their)-362(members)-362(after)-361(death.)-586(In)-362(the)-362(remarkable)-362(inscription)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lanuvium,)-277(as)-272(we)-272(have)-272(seen,)-278(the)-272(formal)-272(permission)-272(by)-272(decree)-271(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(Senate,)-327(to)-312(meet)-312(once)-312(a)-312(month)-312(for)-312(the)-312(purpose)-312(of)-312(a)-311(funerary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contribution)-188(is)-187(recorded.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.591 3.958 Td [(1452)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.938 -3.958 Td [(It)-188(was)-187(a)-188(momentous)-187(concession,)-200(and)]TJ -124.529 -13.55 Td [(carried)-291(consequences)-291(which)-291(the)-291(legislator)-291(may)-291(or)-291(may)-291(not)-291(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intended.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.298 3.959 Td [(1453)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.024 -3.959 Td [(The)-211(jurist)-211(Marcian,)-219(who)-211(gives)-211(an)-211(imperfect)-211(citation)]TJ -59.322 -13.549 Td [(of)-376(this)-376(part)-376(of)-376(the)-376(decree,)-408(goes)-376(on)-376(to)-376(add,)-407(that)-376(meetings)-376(for)-376(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-219(purpose)-218(were)-219(not)-219(prohibited,)-225(provided)-218(that)-219(the)-218(previous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legislation)-231(against)-230(illicit)-231(societies)-231(was)-231(observed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.632 3.958 Td [(1454)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.095 -3.958 Td [(And)-231(the)-230(law)]TJ -227.727 -13.55 Td [(of)-303(the)-303(Lanuvian)-303(College)-303(shows)-303(how)-303(often)-303(such)-303(meetings)-302(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(take)-257(place.)-272(It)-257(did)-258(not)-257(need)-257(much)-258(ingenuity)-257(to)-257(multiply)-257(occasions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-430(reunion.)-788(The)-430(anniversary)-429(of)-430(the)-429(foundation,)-475(the)-429(birthday)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-441(founders)-442(or)-441(benefactors,)-489(the)-441(feast)-442(of)-441(the)-441(patron)-441(deity,)-489(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(birthday)-317(of)-317(the)-317(emperor,)-333(these)-317(and)-317(the)-317(like)-317(occasions)-316(furnished)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(legal)-401(pretexts)-401(for)-401(meetings)-400(of)-401(the)-401(society,)-439(when)-401(the)-400(members)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-347(have)-347(a)-346(meal)-347(together,)-371(and)-347(when)-347(the)-347(conversation)-346(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-326(always)-326(be)-325(confined)-326(to)-326(the)-325(funerary)-326(business)-326(of)-326(the)-325(college.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(At)-216(a)-216(time)-216(when,)-222(according)-216(to)-216(juristic)-216(theory,)-223(a)-216(special)-215(permission)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-401(needed)-401(for)-401(each)-401(new)-401(foundation,)-439(and)-401(when)-401(the)-401(authority)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-269(grudgingly)-269(accorded,)-273(the)-269(whole)-268(vast)-269(plebeian)-269(mass)-269(of)-268(petty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(traders,)-209(artisans,)-208(freedmen,)-209(and)-198(slaves)-198(were)-199(at)-198(one)-198(stroke)-198(allowed)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([260])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(to)-255(organise)-255(their)-256(societies)-255(for)-255(burial.)-266(We)-255(may)-255(fairly)-255(assume)-255(that,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(liberally)-302(interpreted,)-315(the)-302(new)-303(law)-302(was)-302(allowed)-302(to)-302(cover)-302(with)-302(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sanction)-246(many)-245(a)-246(college)-246(of)-245(which)-246(funeral)-246(rites)-245(were)-246(not)-246(the)-245(sole,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-214(even)-214(the)-214(primary)-213(object.)-238(And)-214(this)-214(would)-214(be)-214(made)-214(all)-214(the)-213(easier)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(because)-317(many)-317(of)-316(the)-317(industrial)-317(colleges,)-333(and)-317(perhaps)-317(still)-316(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-426(the)-426(strictly)-425(religious)-426(colleges,)-470(had)-426(a)-426(common)-425(burial-place,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-352(often)-352(received)-351(bequests)-352(for)-352(funerary)-352(purposes.)-555(This)-352(is)-351(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(case,)-311(for)-298(example,)-311(with)-298(a)-299(college)-298(of)-299(worshippers)-298(of)-299(Hercules)-298(at)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.172 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.275 Td [(1452)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.719 0 Td [(6086.)-506(Ex)-336(S.C.P.R.)-336(quibus)-335(coire)-336(convenire)-335(collegiumque)-336(habere)-335(liceat)]TJ -24.675 -10.958 Td [(qui)-267(stipem)-267(menstruam)-267(conferre)-267(volent)-267(in)-267(funera,)-272(in)-267(id)-267(collegium)-267(coeant)-267(neque)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(sub)-250(specie)-250(ejus)-250(collegii)-250(nisi)-250(semel)-250(in)-250(mense)-250(coeant,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.395 Td [(1453)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(ii.)-250(313.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.923 -7.394 Td [(1454)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(87.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1471 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1472 0 R /Resources 1470 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1461 0 R >> endobj 1473 0 obj << /D [1471 0 R /XYZ 339.635 247.191 null] >> endobj 1470 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1476 0 obj << /Length 5684 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(317)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Interamna,)-281(and)-275(a)-274(similar)-275(college)-275(at)-274(Reate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.85 3.959 Td [(1455)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.973 -3.959 Td [(A)-275(young)-274(Belgian,)]TJ -202.823 -13.549 Td [(belonging)-459(to)-459(the)-459(guild)-459(of)-460(armourers)-459(of)-459(the)-459(20th)-459(legion,)-511(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(buried)-324(by)-324(his)-324(college)-324(at)-323(Bath.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.896 3.959 Td [(1456)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.583 -3.959 Td [(One)-324(C.)-324(Valgius)-324(Fuscus)-324(gave)]TJ -153.479 -13.549 Td [(a)-293(burial-ground)-293(at)-292(Forum)-293(Sempronii,)-304(in)-293(Umbria,)-303(to)-293(a)-293(college)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(muleteers)-398(of)-398(the)-398(Porta)-398(Gallica,)-435(for)-398(their)-398(wives)-398(or)-397(concubines,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-226(their)-226(posterity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.594 3.959 Td [(1457)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.079 -3.959 Td [(There)-226(is)-226(even)-227(a)-226(burial-place,)-231(duly)-226(defined)]TJ -100.673 -13.549 Td [(by)-270(exact)-271(measurement,)-275(for)-271(those)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.376 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(who)-270(are)-271(in)-270(the)-271(habit)-270(of)-270(dining)]TJ -150.219 -13.549 Td [(together,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 38.477 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.555 0 Td [(a)-432(description)-432(which,)-477(as)-432(time)-432(went)-432(on,)-478(would)-432(have)]TJ -48.032 -13.549 Td [(applied)-250(as)-250(accurately)-250(as)-250(any)-250(other)-250(to)-250(many)-250(of)-250(these)-250(clubs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 250.549 3.958 Td [(1458)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -238.593 -21.869 Td [(We)-185(are,)-198(by)-185(a)-185(rare)-185(piece)-185(of)-185(good)-185(fortune,)-198(admitted)-185(to)-185(the)-185(interior)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(one)-327(of)-328(the)-328(purely)-327(funerary)-328(colleges.)-483(In)-328(the)-327(reign)-328(of)-327(Hadrian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-441(was)-440(at)-440(Lanuvium)-441(a)-440(college)-441(which,)-488(by)-440(a)-441(curious)-440(fancy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(combined)-273(the)-274(worship)-273(of)-273(the)-274(pure)-273(Diana)-273(with)-274(that)-273(of)-273(the)-273(deified)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(minion)-322(of)-323(the)-322(emperor.)-467(It)-323(was)-322(founded)-322(in)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 189.988 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.495 0 Td [(133,)-340(three)-323(years)]TJ -209.483 -13.549 Td [(after)-370(the)-370(tragic)-370(death)-370(of)-370(the)-370(young)-370(favourite.)-610(And)-370(in)-370(136,)-400(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patron)-188(of)-189(the)-188(society,)-201(who)-188(was)-189(also)-188(a)-189(magnate)-188(of)-188(the)-189(town,)-200(caused)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-229(to)-229(be)-229(convened)-230(in)-229(the)-229(temple)-229(of)-229(Antinous.)-243(There)-229(he)-229(announced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-252(gift)-253(of)-252(a)-252(sum)-253(of)-252(money,)-253(the)-252(interest)-253(of)-252(which)-252(was)-253(to)-252(be)-252(spent)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-412(the)-413(festivals)-412(of)-413(the)-412(patron)-412(deities;)-494(and)-412(he)-413(directed)-412(that)-412(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deed)-268(of)-268(foundation)-269(should)-268(be)-268(inscribed)-268(on)-269(the)-268(inner)-268(walls)-268(of)-268(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(portico)-259(of)-258(the)-259(temple,)-260(so)-259(that)-258(newly)-259(admitted)-258(members)-259(might)-258(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(informed)-367(of)-367(their)-367(rights)-367(and)-367(their)-367(obligations.)-601(This)-367(document,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discovered)-374(among)-374(the)-374(ruins)-374(of)-374(the)-374(ancient)-374(Lanuvium)-374(in)-374(1816,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reveals)-424(many)-424(important)-425(facts)-424(in)-424(the)-424(constitution)-424(and)-424(working)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-361(funerary)-362(colleges.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.398 3.959 Td [(1459)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.81 -3.959 Td [(It)-361(recites,)-390(as)-361(we)-361(have)-362(seen,)-389(a)-361(part)-362(of)]TJ -115.208 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 17.823 0 Td [(senatusconsultum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 77.574 0 Td [(,)-452(which)-412(authorised)-412(the)-411(existence)-412(of)-412(such)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.627 0 Td [([261])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(colleges,)-239(and)-237(after)-237(loyal)-236(wishes)-237(for)-237(the)-236(prosperity)-237(of)-237(the)-236(emperor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-225(his)-224(house,)-230(it)-224(prays)-225(for)-224(an)-225(honest)-224(energy)-225(in)-224(contributing)-225(to)-224(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.619 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.723 Td [(1455)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2399,)-250(2400.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1456)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4079.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1457)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4093.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1458)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4073,)-250(Loc.)-250(sep.)-250(convictor.)-250(qui)-250(una)-250(epulo)-250(vesci)-250(solent.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1459)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.853 0 Td [(6086;)-401(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.096 0 Td [(De)-350(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.43 0 Td [(p.)-551(98;)-401(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.72 0 Td [(Rel.)-551(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.957 0 Td [(ii.)-551(p.)-552(309)-350(sqq.;)]TJ -223.011 -10.959 Td [(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(412.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1475 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1476 0 R /Resources 1474 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1461 0 R >> endobj 1477 0 obj << /D [1475 0 R /XYZ 180.981 175.084 null] >> endobj 1474 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1480 0 obj << /Length 5215 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(318)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(due)-302(interment)-302(of)-302(the)-303(dead,)-315(that)-302(by)-302(regular)-302(payments)-302(the)-302(society)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-250(prolong)-250(its)-250(existence.)]TJ 11.956 -16.007 Td [(The)-186(entrance)-186(fee)-186(of)-186(the)-186(college)-186(is)-186(to)-186(be)-186(100)-186(sesterces)-186(\05016s.)-228(8d.\051,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(together)-382(with)-381(a)-382(flagon)-382(of)-381(good)-382(wine.)-645(A)-382(monthly)-381(subscription)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-304(five)-304(asses)-304(is)-304(appointed.)-412(It)-304(is)-304(evident)-304(that)-304(the)-304(members)-304(are)-304(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-373(humblest)-372(class,)-403(and)-373(one)-373(clause)-372(shows)-373(that)-372(they)-373(have)-372(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-394(sprinkling)-393(of)-394(slaves)-394(among)-393(them,)-430(who,)-429(with)-394(the)-393(permission)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-456(their)-456(masters,)-508(might)-455(connect)-456(themselves)-456(with)-456(these)-456(burial)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(clubs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.757 3.959 Td [(1460)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.91 -3.959 Td [(The)-303(brethren)-304(could)-303(not)-303(aspire)-303(to)-304(the)-303(erection)-303(even)-304(of)]TJ -46.667 -13.549 Td [(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 8.077 0 Td [(columbarium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 58.178 0 Td [(,)-308(still)-296(less)-297(to)-296(the)-297(possession)-296(of)-296(a)-297(common)-296(burial-)]TJ -66.255 -13.549 Td [(ground.)-710(They)-404(confined)-403(themselves)-404(to)-403(making)-404(a)-403(funeral)-403(grant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(HS.300)-361(to)-362(the)-362(appointed)-361(heir)-362(of)-362(each)-361(member)-362(who)-362(had)-361(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intermitted)-361(his)-360(payments)-361(to)-361(the)-360(common)-361(fund.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.758 3.959 Td [(1461)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.788 -3.959 Td [(Out)-361(of)-360(this)]TJ -231.546 -13.549 Td [(sum,)-417(HS.50)-384(are)-384(to)-384(be)-384(paid)-384(to)-384(members)-384(present)-384(at)-384(the)-383(funeral.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-225(member)-225(dying)-224(intestate)-225(will)-225(be)-225(buried)-224(by)-225(the)-225(society,)-230(and)-224(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(claim)-322(upon)-322(his)-322(remaining)-323(interest)-322(in)-322(it)-322(will)-322(be)-322(recognised.)-466(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slave,)-363(whose)-341(body)-341(was)-341(retained)-340(by)-341(his)-341(master)-340(after)-341(death,)-363(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-346(have)-345(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 45.242 0 Td [(funus)-346(imaginarium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 83.778 0 Td [(,)-370(and)-345(probably)-346(a)-346(cenotaph.)-537(In)-346(the)]TJ -129.02 -13.549 Td [(case)-369(of)-369(a)-370(member)-369(dying)-369(within)-369(a)-370(radius)-369(of)-369(twenty)-369(miles)-369(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Lanuvium,)-437(three)-400(members,)-438(on)-399(timely)-400(notice,)-438(were)-400(deputed)-399(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arrange)-276(for)-275(the)-276(funeral,)-282(and)-276(required)-276(to)-276(render)-275(an)-276(account)-276(of)-275(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expenses)-238(so)-238(incurred.)-245(A)-238(fee)-238(of)-238(HS.20)-237(was)-238(granted)-238(to)-238(each.)-246(But)-237(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-270(fraud)-270(were)-270(discovered)-270(in)-270(their)-270(accounts,)-275(a)-270(fine)-270(of)-269(quadruple)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(amount)-317(was)-317(imposed.)-452(Lastly,)-334(when)-317(a)-317(member)-317(died)-317(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-374(prescribed)-374(limit,)-405(the)-374(person)-374(who)-374(had)-374(arranged)-374(his)-373(funeral,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-317(due)-316(attestation)-317(by)-317(seven)-316(Roman)-317(citizens,)-333(and)-317(security)-316(given)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-235(any)-235(further)-234(claims,)-238(received)-235(the)-235(burial)-235(grant,)-238(with)-234(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deductions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.997 3.959 Td [(1462)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.214 -3.959 Td [(In)-282(such)-282(precise)-282(and)-282(orderly)-282(fashion,)-290(with)-282(all)-282(the)]TJ -70.211 -13.549 Td [(cautious)-329(forms)-329(of)-329(Roman)-329(law,)-349(did)-329(this)-329(poor)-329(little)-328(society)-329(order)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-250(performance)-250(of)-250(duty)-250(to)-250(the)-250(dead.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.149 Td [(1460)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-507(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.432 0 Td [(6086;)-379(Col.)-507(ii.,)-358(placuit)-335(ut)-336(quisquis)-336(servus)-336(ex)-336(hoc)-336(collegio)-335(liber)]TJ -52.388 -10.959 Td [(factus)-250(fuerit,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1461)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(99;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.542 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(309.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -175.596 -7.311 Td [(1462)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(104.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1479 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1480 0 R /Resources 1478 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1461 0 R >> endobj 1478 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1483 0 obj << /Length 5294 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(319)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Our)-635(knowledge)-634(of)-635(the)-635(funerary)-634(colleges)-635(is)-635(still)-634(further)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(amplified)-440(by)-439(an)-440(inscription)-439(of)-440(a)-439(date)-440(twenty)-439(years)-440(later)-439(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-419(of)-418(Lanuvium.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.161 3.959 Td [(1463)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.688 -3.959 Td [(In)-419(the)-418(reign)-419(of)-419(Antoninus)-419(Pius)-418(a)-419(lady)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.175 0 Td [([262])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(named)-247(Salvia)-247(Marcellina)-247(resolved)-247(to)-247(commemorate)-247(her)-247(husband)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-255(a)-255(gift)-254(to)-255(the)-255(college)-255(of)-255(Aesculapius)-254(and)-255(Hygia.)-265(She)-254(presented)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-410(it)-410(the)-409(site)-410(for)-410(a)-410(shrine)-410(close)-409(to)-410(the)-410(Appian)-410(Way,)-450(a)-409(marble)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(statue)-248(of)-249(Aesculapius,)-248(and)-248(a)-249(hall)-248(opening)-248(on)-248(a)-249(terrace,)-248(where)-248(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(banquets)-266(of)-265(the)-266(brotherhood)-266(should)-265(be)-266(held.)-297(To)-266(this)-265(benefaction)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Marcellina,)-280(along)-274(with)-274(one)-274(P.)-274(Aelius)-274(Zeno,)-280(who)-274(apparently)-274(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(her)-335(brother,)-356(added)-335(two)-334(donations)-335(of)-335(HS.15,000)-335(and)-334(HS.10,000)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respectively,)-201(the)-188(interest)-188(of)-188(which)-188(was)-189(to)-188(be)-188(distributed)-188(in)-188(money,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-436(food)-435(and)-436(wine,)-482(at)-436(six)-436(different)-436(festivals.)-807(The)-435(proportions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assignable)-299(to)-299(each)-298(rank)-299(in)-299(the)-299(college)-298(were)-299(determined)-299(at)-299(a)-298(full)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meeting,)-457(held)-416(in)-416(the)-416(shrine)-415(of)-416(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 159.763 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Divine)-416(Titus.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.387 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.379 0 Td [(Marcellina)]TJ -233.372 -13.55 Td [(attaches)-207(certain)-208(conditions)-207(to)-208(her)-207(gift.)-236(The)-208(society)-207(is)-208(to)-207(be)-207(limited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-235(sixty)-235(members,)-238(and)-235(the)-235(place)-235(of)-235(each)-235(member,)-238(on)-235(his)-235(decease,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-423(to)-423(be)-423(filled)-423(by)-423(the)-423(co-optation)-423(of)-423(his)-423(son.)-769(If)-423(any)-422(member)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chooses)-231(to)-231(bequeath)-231(his)-230(place)-231(and)-231(interest,)-235(his)-231(choice)-231(is)-230(confined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-379(his)-379(son,)-411(his)-379(brother,)-411(or)-379(his)-379(freedman,)-412(and)-379(he)-379(is)-378(required)-379(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pay)-322(for)-321(this)-322(limited)-322(freedom)-322(of)-321(selection)-322(by)-322(refunding)-321(one-half)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-272(his)-272(burial)-272(grant)-271(to)-272(the)-272(chest)-272(of)-272(the)-271(college.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 197.263 3.959 Td [(1464)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.88 -3.959 Td [(The)-272(college)-272(of)]TJ -217.143 -13.549 Td [(Aesculapius)-354(is)-354(nominally)-354(a)-354(religious)-354(and)-354(funerary)-354(corporation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-335(there)-335(is)-335(only)-335(a)-335(single)-335(reference,)-356(in)-335(a)-335(long)-335(document,)-356(to)-335(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subject)-344(of)-345(burial.)-533(No)-344(information)-344(is)-345(given)-344(as)-344(to)-345(the)-344(amount)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 17.749 0 Td [(funeraticium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 60.174 0 Td [(or)-405(burial)-405(grant,)-444(the)-405(sources)-405(from)-405(which)-405(it)-405(is)]TJ -77.923 -13.549 Td [(derived,)-367(or)-344(the)-344(conditions)-344(on)-344(which)-344(it)-344(is)-344(to)-344(be)-344(paid.)-532(The)-343(chief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(object)-267(of)-268(Marcellina)-267(seems)-268(to)-267(have)-268(been)-267(to)-268(connect)-267(the)-267(memory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-411(her)-410(husband)-411(with)-410(a)-411(number)-410(of)-411(festivals,)-450(for)-411(the)-410(perpetuity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-419(which)-419(she)-419(makes)-419(provision,)-461(to)-419(promote)-419(social)-419(intercourse,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-260(to)-260(prevent)-260(the)-259(intrusion)-260(of)-260(strangers)-260(by)-260(making)-259(membership)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(practically)-250(hereditary.)]TJ 11.956 -13.856 Td [(The)-267(colleges,)-271(of)-267(whose)-267(inner)-266(working)-267(we)-267(have)-267(tried)-267(to)-267(give)-266(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.071 Td [(1463)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2417;)-250(Junio)-250(Rufino)-250(Cos.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 89.923 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 13.199 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.22 0 Td [(153;)-250(Momms.)-250(p.)-250(73.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -173.391 -7.311 Td [(1464)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(93.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1482 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1483 0 R /Resources 1481 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1485 0 R >> endobj 1484 0 obj << /D [1482 0 R /XYZ 46.771 491.077 null] >> endobj 1481 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1488 0 obj << /Length 5019 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(320)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(picture,)-236(are)-231(classed)-232(as)-232(religious)-232(corporations)-232(in)-232(the)-232(collections)-231(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-282(inscriptions.)-346(They)-282(bear)-282(the)-282(name)-282(of)-282(a)-282(god,)-290(and)-282(they)-281(provide)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-242(solemn)-241(interment)-242(for)-242(their)-241(members.)-248(But)-241(in)-242(these)-242(respects)-241(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(do)-373(not)-373(differ)-373(from)-374(many)-373(other)-373(colleges)-373(which)-373(are)-373(regarded)-373(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purely)-362(secular.)-584(The)-362(truth)-362(is,)-389(that)-362(any)-361(attempt)-362(to)-361(make)-362(a)-361(sharp)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(division)-301(of)-301(these)-301(societies)-300(on)-301(such)-301(lines)-301(seems)-301(futile.)-402(Sepulture)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-452(religion)-452(being)-452(admitted)-452(by)-452(the)-452(government)-452(as)-451(legitimate)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([263])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(objects)-274(for)-274(association,)-281(any)-274(college,)-280(however)-274(secular)-274(in)-274(its)-274(tone,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might,)-427(and)-391(probably)-391(would,)-427(screen)-391(itself)-392(under)-391(sacred)-391(names.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Nor)-263(would)-264(this)-263(be)-264(merely)-263(a)-264(hypocritical)-263(pretence.)-290(It)-264(is)-263(clear)-263(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-335(of)-335(the)-334(purely)-335(industrial)-335(colleges,)-356(composed)-335(as)-335(they)-334(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-340(poor)-339(people)-340(who)-339(found)-340(it)-339(impossible)-340(to)-339(purchase)-340(a)-339(separate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(burial-place,)-371(and)-346(not)-346(easy,)-371(unaided,)-370(to)-347(bear)-346(the)-347(expense)-346(of)-346(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-306(rites,)-321(at)-306(once)-307(consulted)-306(their)-306(convenience,)-321(and)-306(gratified)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sentiment)-455(of)-455(fraternity,)-506(by)-455(arranging)-455(for)-455(a)-455(common)-455(place)-455(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interment.)-469(And)-323(with)-323(regard)-323(to)-323(religion,)-341(it)-323(is)-323(a)-323(commonplace)-322(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(point)-271(out)-271(that)-271(all)-271(Graeco-Roman)-272(societies,)-276(great)-271(or)-271(small,)-276(rested)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-399(religion.)-695(The)-399(state,)-436(the)-398(clan,)-436(the)-399(family,)-435(found)-399(their)-398(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-335(firmest)-335(bond)-335(in)-335(reverence)-335(for)-335(divine)-334(or)-335(heroic)-335(ancestors,)-356(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reverent)-223(piety)-223(towards)-223(the)-222(spirits)-223(who)-223(had)-223(passed)-223(into)-223(the)-222(unseen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world.)-405(The)-302(colleges,)-315(as)-302(we)-302(shall)-301(see)-302(presently,)-315(were)-302(formed)-301(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-294(lines)-293(of)-294(the)-294(city)-293(which)-294(they)-293(almost)-294(slavishly)-294(imitated.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 253.371 3.959 Td [(1465)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.594 -3.959 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.549 Td [(would)-189(be)-190(strange)-189(and)-190(anomalous)-189(if)-190(they)-189(should)-190(desert)-189(their)-189(model)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-374(that)-374(which)-374(was)-374(its)-374(most)-374(original)-374(and)-374(striking)-373(characteristic.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(And)-306(just)-306(as)-306(Cleisthenes)-306(found)-306(divine)-306(and)-306(heroic)-306(patrons)-306(for)-306(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-322(tribes)-322(and)-322(demes,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.304 3.959 Td [(1466)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.147 -3.959 Td [(so)-322(would)-322(a)-322(Roman)-322(college)-322(naturally)]TJ -119.451 -13.549 Td [(place)-395(itself)-394(under)-395(the)-395(protection)-394(of)-395(one)-395(of)-394(the)-395(great)-395(names)-394(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-279(Roman)-280(pantheon.)-338(Sometimes,)-286(no)-280(doubt,)-286(there)-280(may)-279(not)-279(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-253(much)-252(sincerity)-253(in)-253(this)-252(conformity)-253(to)-252(ancient)-253(pieties.)-258(But)-252(do)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-260(need)-260(to)-260(remind)-260(ourselves)-259(how)-260(long)-260(a)-260(life)-260(the)-260(form)-260(of)-259(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pieties)-285(may)-285(have,)-294(even)-285(when)-286(the)-285(faith)-285(which)-285(gave)-285(birth)-285(to)-285(them)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 98.926 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.03 Td [(1465)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(They)-198(have)-198(their)-199(ordo,)-208(plebs,)-209(decuriones,)-208(quinquennales,)-209(curatores,)-209(honorati,)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(patroni,)-250(quaestores,)-250(etc.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 89.646 0 Td [(v.)-250(Henz.)-250(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.809 0 Td [(p.)-250(176)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -140.194 -7.311 Td [(1466)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodot.)-250(v.)-250(66.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1487 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1488 0 R /Resources 1486 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1485 0 R >> endobj 1489 0 obj << /D [1487 0 R /XYZ 259.477 436.88 null] >> endobj 1486 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1492 0 obj << /Length 5242 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(321)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(has)-250(become)-250(dim)-250(and)-250(faint?)]TJ 11.956 -15.999 Td [(The)-273(usual)-274(fashion)-273(of)-274(writing)-273(Roman)-274(history)-273(has)-274(concentrat)1(ed)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(attention)-243(on)-244(the)-243(doings)-244(of)-243(the)-244(emperor,)-244(the)-244(life)-243(of)-244(the)-243(noble)-243(class)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-316(the)-316(capital,)-333(or)-316(on)-316(the)-316(stations)-316(of)-316(the)-316(legions)-316(and)-316(the)-316(political)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(organisation)-412(of)-412(the)-412(provinces.)-737(It)-412(is)-412(a)-412(stately)-412(and)-412(magnificent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(panorama.)-329(But)-276(it)-276(is)-276(apt)-277(to)-276(throw)-276(the)-276(life)-277(of)-276(the)-276(masses)-276(into)-276(even)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deeper)-260(shadow)-260(than)-261(that)-260(in)-260(which)-260(time)-260(has)-260(generally)-260(enwrapped)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them.)-229(We)-187(are)-187(prone)-187(to)-188(forget)-187(that,)-199(behind)-187(all)-188(this)-187(stately)-187(life,)-199(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-211(a)-210(quiet)-211(yet)-210(extraordinarily)-211(busy)-210(industrial)-210(activity)-211(which)-210(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-302(necessary)-302(basis)-302(and)-302(which)-302(catered)-302(for)-302(all)-302(its)-302(caprices.)-406(In)-301(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-325(cursory)-324(way)-325(Tacitus)-325(tells)-324(us)-325(that)-324(a)-325(great)-325(part)-324(of)-325(Italy)-324(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([264])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(gathered)-276(for)-275(the)-276(great)-275(fair)-276(at)-275(Cremona,)-282(on)-276(the)-275(fateful)-276(days)-275(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-263(town)-263(was)-262(stormed)-263(by)-263(the)-263(army)-263(of)-263(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.508 3.959 Td [(1467)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.585 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-263(what)-263(a)]TJ -233.093 -13.549 Td [(gathering)-197(it)-196(must)-197(have)-197(been!)-232(There)-197(were)-196(laid)-197(out)-197(in)-196(the)-197(booths)-196(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fine)-344(woollens)-343(of)-344(Parma)-343(and)-344(Mutina,)-367(the)-343(mantles)-344(of)-343(Canusium,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-288(purples)-287(of)-288(Tarentum,)-297(the)-288(carpets)-288(of)-288(Patavium.)-363(Traders)-287(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Ilva)-330(brought)-330(their)-330(iron)-329(wares,)-350(Pompeii)-330(sent)-330(its)-330(fish)-330(sauces,)-349(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucania)-271(its)-272(famous)-271(sausages.)-314(Nor)-271(would)-271(there)-272(be)-271(missing)-271(in)-271(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(display)-208(the)-208(oil)-208(of)-208(Venafrum,)-217(and)-208(the)-208(famous)-208(Setine)-208(and)-208(Falernian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vintages.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.088 3.959 Td [(1468)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.8 -3.959 Td [(The)-361(improvement)-361(of)-361(the)-361(great)-361(roads)-361(in)-361(the)-361(reign)]TJ -61.888 -13.549 Td [(of)-309(Trajan)-309(must)-309(have)-308(given)-309(a)-309(vast)-309(stimulus)-309(to)-309(inland)-308(commerce.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-315(we)-316(may)-315(be)-316(sure)-315(that)-315(many)-316(a)-315(petty)-315(merchant)-316(with)-315(his)-315(pack)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-325(to)-324(be)-325(seen)-324(along)-325(the)-324(Aemilian)-325(or)-324(Flaminian)-325(ways,)-343(like)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(travelling)-256(vendor)-256(of)-256(honey)-256(and)-256(cheese,)-257(whom)-256(Lucius,)-258(in)-256(the)-255(tale)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-341(Apuleius,)-365(meets)-341(hurrying)-341(to)-342(Hypata.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.817 3.959 Td [(1469)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.155 -3.959 Td [(The)-341(great)-342(roads)-341(of)]TJ -197.972 -13.549 Td [(Spain,)-375(since)-350(the)-351(days)-350(of)-350(Augustus,)-375(carried)-350(an)-350(immense)-350(traffic,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-229(made)-229(even)-230(the)-229(distant)-229(Gades)-229(a)-229(magnificent)-229(emporium)-229(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(one)-250(of)-250(the)-250(richest)-250(places)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Roman)-250(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 197.847 3.959 Td [(1470)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -185.891 -19.957 Td [(The)-452(wandering)-451(traders)-452(in)-452(Germany,)-502(Spain,)-502(or)-452(Syria,)-502(by)-451(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.269 Td [(1467)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.804 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.724 0 Td [(iii.)-348(32,)-291(tempus)-283(quoque)-283(mercatus)-282(ditem)-283(alioqui)-283(coloniam)-283(majore)]TJ -50.484 -10.959 Td [(opum)-250(specie)-250(complebat.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1468)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Cena)-250(Trim.)-250(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.522 0 Td [(p.)-250(63.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.121 -7.31 Td [(1469)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(i.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.537 -7.311 Td [(1470)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.832 0 Td [(i.)-250(74.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1491 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1492 0 R /Resources 1490 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1485 0 R >> endobj 1493 0 obj << /D [1491 0 R /XYZ 310.438 380.234 null] >> endobj 1490 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1496 0 obj << /Length 5669 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(322)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(natural)-433(instinct)-434(drew)-433(together)-434(i)1(n)-434(their)-433(exile.)-800(In)-434(the)-433(revolt)-433(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Julius)-329(Civilis,)-349(they)-330(are)-329(found)-329(settled)-330(among)-329(the)-329(Batavians,)-349(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 9.497 0 Td [(collegium)-426(peregrinorum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 112.93 0 Td [(has)-427(left)-426(its)-426(memorial)-427(on)-426(the)-427(lower)]TJ -122.427 -13.549 Td [(Rhine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.789 3.958 Td [(1471)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.889 -3.958 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 21.598 0 Td [(sodalicium)-425(urbanum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 96.542 0 Td [(at)-425(Bracara)-425(Augusta)-425(is)-424(a)]TJ -171.818 -13.55 Td [(similar)-503(society.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.425 3.959 Td [(1472)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.444 -3.959 Td [(Another)-503(mercantile)-503(college)-503(meets)-503(us)-503(at)]TJ -96.869 -13.549 Td [(Apulum)-437(in)-438(Dacia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.958 3.959 Td [(1473)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.298 -3.959 Td [(The)-437(Syrians)-438(of)-437(Berytus)-437(had)-438(a)-437(club)-438(at)]TJ -107.256 -13.549 Td [(Puteoli,)-546(and)-486(there)-486(were)-487(at)-486(least)-487(two)-486(clubs)-487(of)-486(Syrian)-486(traders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-392(Malaga.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.592 3.959 Td [(1474)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.8 -3.959 Td [(The)-392(graves)-391(of)-392(Syrian)-391(traders)-392(have)-392(been)-391(found)]TJ -71.392 -13.549 Td [(at)-517(Sirmium)-516(in)-517(Pannonia,)-583(and,)-584(on)-516(the)-517(other)-516(hand,)-584(there)-516(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(memorials)-544(of)-544(Roman)-543(merchants)-544(at)-544(Apamea)-544(and)-543(Tralles,)-617(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Salamis)-249(and)-250(Mitylene.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.861 3.959 Td [(1475)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.163 -3.959 Td [(Immense)-249(stimulus)-250(to)-249(this)-249(transmarine)]TJ -117.024 -13.549 Td [(trade)-497(must)-497(have)-497(been)-496(given)-497(by)-497(the)-497(Emperor)-497(Claudius,)-558(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provided)-311(insurance)-310(against)-311(loss)-310(by)-311(storms,)-326(and)-310(a)-311(liberal)-310(system)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-293(bounties)-293(and)-293(rewards)-293(for)-293(shipping)-293(enterprise.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.564 3.958 Td [(1476)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.575 -3.958 Td [(Apollonius)]TJ -232.139 -13.55 Td [(of)-281(Tyana)-281(once)-280(expostulated)-281(with)-281(a)-281(young)-280(Spartan,)-289(who)-280(claimed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(descent)-362(from)-363(Callicratidas,)-390(for)-362(having)-363(forsaken)-362(the)-362(true)-362(career)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-318(a)-317(man)-318(of)-317(his)-318(race,)-334(to)-318(soil)-318(himself)-317(with)-318(the)-317(trade)-318(of)-317(Carthage)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([265])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(and)-288(Sicily.)-364(It)-288(is)-288(the)-288(sentiment)-288(of)-288(Juvenal)-288(who)-288(treats)-288(as)-288(a)-288(lunatic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-394(man)-394(who)-394(will)-394(venture)-394(his)-394(life)-394(with)-394(a)-394(cargo)-394(on)-394(the)-393(wintry)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Aegean.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.044 3.959 Td [(1477)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.069 -3.959 Td [(But)-223(the)-224(antiquarian)-223(rhetoric)-224(attributed)-223(to)-223(Apollonius)]TJ -55.113 -13.549 Td [(embalms)-176(the)-175(fact)-176(that)-176(at)-175(the)-176(opening)-176(of)-175(a)-176(springtime)-176(in)-175(the)-176(reign)-175(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Domitian,)-215(a)-206(great)-206(merchant)-206(fleet)-207(was)-206(lying)-206(at)-206(Malea,)-215(ready)-206(to)-206(sail)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-331(the)-332(western)-331(seas.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.492 3.959 Td [(1478)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.828 -3.959 Td [(These)-331(wandering)-332(merchants,)-351(wherever)]TJ -109.32 -13.549 Td [(they)-301(went,)-314(banded)-301(themselves)-302(in)-301(colleges)-301(for)-301(mutual)-301(protection)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-177(for)-177(society.)-226(In)-177(the)-177(same)-176(way,)-192(old)-177(soldiers,)-192(on)-177(their)-176(return)-177(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-207(service)-206(on)-207(the)-206(frontiers,)-215(gathered)-207(in)-206(military)-207(brotherhoods)-206(at)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.685 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.872 Td [(1471)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(178;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iv.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.586 -7.311 Td [(1472)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(2423.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(1473)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1500.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1474)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(x.)-250(1634,)-250(1579.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1475)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(365,)-250(444,)-250(455,)-250(6051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1476)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(xviii.;)-250(cf.)-250(Merivale,)-250(vi.)-250(126)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.526 -7.31 Td [(1477)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xiv.)-250(276.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1478)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(iv.)-250(34.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1495 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1496 0 R /Resources 1494 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1485 0 R >> endobj 1497 0 obj << /D [1495 0 R /XYZ 93.543 301.388 null] >> endobj 1494 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1500 0 obj << /Length 5817 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(323)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(such)-280(places)-281(as)-280(Ostia)-280(or)-280(Misenum.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.689 3.959 Td [(1479)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.156 -3.959 Td [(The)-280(veterans)-280(of)-281(Augustus)]TJ -167.845 -13.549 Td [(seem)-378(to)-378(have)-378(become)-378(a)-378(distinct)-378(and)-378(recognised)-378(class,)-410(like)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Augustales.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.208 3.959 Td [(1480)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.396 -3.959 Td [(Colleges)-349(of)-348(youth)-349(sprang)-349(up)-349(everywhere)-348(from)]TJ -73.604 -13.549 Td [(the)-332(days)-331(of)-332(Nero,)-351(at)-332(Beneventum,)-352(Cremona,)-352(and)-331(Ameria,)-352(or)-331(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Moguntiacum,)-232(Lauriacum,)-232(and)-227(Poetovio.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.738 3.959 Td [(1481)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.083 -3.959 Td [(They)-227(were)-228(formed,)]TJ -197.821 -13.549 Td [(like)-170(our)-170(own)-169(sporting)-170(clubs,)-186(for)-169(exercise)-170(and)-170(healthy)-170(rivalry,)-185(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-300(the)-300(patronage)-300(of)-300(the)-300(divine)-299(hero)-300(who,)-313(to)-300(all)-300(the)-299(moralists)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-280(that)-280(age,)-288(had)-280(become)-280(the)-281(mythic)-280(type)-280(of)-280(the)-280(continent)-280(vigour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-315(early)-314(manhood.)-444(There)-314(is)-315(one)-315(sodality)-314(at)-315(least)-314(devoted)-315(to)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(preservation)-223(of)-223(chastity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.541 3.959 Td [(1482)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.067 -3.959 Td [(But)-223(it)-223(is)-223(balanced)-223(by)-223(the)-223(clubs)-223(of)-223(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -123.608 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(late)-250(sleepers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.618 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.48 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(late)-250(drinkers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.229 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(of)-250(Pompeii.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.912 3.959 Td [(1483)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -190.113 -17.508 Td [(The)-236(colleges)-235(in)-236(which)-235(the)-236(artisans)-235(and)-236(traders)-235(of)-236(the)-235(Antonine)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(age)-443(grouped)-443(themselves)-442(are)-443(almost)-443(innumerable,)-491(even)-443(in)-442(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(records)-426(which)-426(time)-426(has)-425(spared.)-778(They)-426(represent)-426(almost)-425(every)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conceivable)-282(branch)-281(of)-282(industry)-282(or)-282(special)-281(skill)-282(or)-282(social)-281(service,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-220(the)-221(men)-220(who)-220(laid)-221(the)-220(fine)-220(sand)-221(in)-220(the)-220(arena,)-226(to)-221(the)-220(rich)-220(wine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(merchants)-346(of)-346(Lyons)-346(or)-346(Ostia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.141 3.959 Td [(1484)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.309 -3.959 Td [(The)-346(mere)-346(catalogue)-346(of)-346(these)]TJ -153.45 -13.549 Td [(associations)-284(in)-284(an)-284(index)-284(will)-284(give)-284(an)-284(enlarged)-284(conception)-284(of)-283(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immense)-287(range)-286(and)-287(minute)-286(specialisation)-287(of)-286(Roman)-287(industry.)-359(It)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(may)-353(be)-352(doubted)-353(whether)-352(a)-353(si)1(milar)-353(enumeration)-352(of)-353(our)-352(English)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crafts)-310(would)-309(be)-310(longer)-310(or)-310(more)-309(varied.)-429(The)-310(great)-310(trades,)-324(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minister)-308(to)-307(the)-308(first)-307(necessities)-308(of)-307(human)-308(life,)-321(occupy)-308(of)-307(course)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-536(largest)-537(space,)-608(the)-536(bakers,)-609(the)-536(cloth-makers,)-608(the)-536(smiths,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carpenters,)-300(and)-290(wood-merchants,)-300(trades)-290(often)-290(grouped)-289(together,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([266])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(the)-258(shoemakers)-259(and)-258(fullers)-259(and)-258(carders)-258(of)-259(wool.)-275(The)-258(mechanics,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-260(made)-261(the)-260(arms)-261(and)-260(engines)-261(for)-260(the)-261(legions,)-263(naturally)-260(hold)-260(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prominent)-319(place.)-456(Nor)-319(less)-319(prominent)-318(are)-319(the)-319(boatmen)-319(of)-318(Ostia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-323(of)-322(the)-323(Rhone)-323(and)-322(the)-323(Sa\364ne.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.247 3.959 Td [(1485)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.544 -3.959 Td [(The)-323(sailors)-322(of)-323(these)-323(great)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.565 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.752 Td [(1479)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6111,)-250(6835.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(1480)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4109.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1481)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(6414,)-250(2211,)-250(4095,)-250(4100,)-250(4096;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 112.331 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(5928,)-250(1493;)-250(iii.)-250(4045,)-250(5678.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -161.896 -7.31 Td [(1482)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2401.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1483)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iv.)-250(575,)-250(581.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(1484)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4063,)-250(4072,)-250(4087,)-250(7007.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1485)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4243,)-250(7205,)-250(6950.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1499 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1500 0 R /Resources 1498 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1485 0 R >> endobj 1501 0 obj << /D [1499 0 R /XYZ 144.384 206.544 null] >> endobj 1498 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1504 0 obj << /Length 5475 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(324)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(rivers)-241(had)-241(several)-242(powerful)-241(corporations)-241(at)-241(Lyons,)-243(and,)-243(on)-241(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-322(inscription,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.204 3.959 Td [(1486)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.144 -3.959 Td [(claim)-322(the)-321(wealthiest)-322(citizens,)-340(men)-321(who)-322(have)]TJ -83.348 -13.549 Td [(gained)-413(the)-413(whole)-413(series)-412(of)-413(municipal)-413(honours,)-454(as)-413(their)-412(chiefs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-275(patrons.)-326(Arles,)-282(which)-275(was)-275(then)-276(a)-275(great)-275(sea-port,)-282(had)-275(its)-275(five)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(corporations)-290(of)-290(sailor-folk,)-301(and)-290(Ostia)-290(an)-290(equal)-290(number,)-300(charged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-248(the)-248(momentous)-248(task)-248(of)-248(taking)-248(up)-248(the)-248(cargoes)-248(of)-248(the)-248(African)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corn-ships)-371(for)-371(the)-371(bakeries)-372(of)-371(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.968 3.959 Td [(1487)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.13 -3.959 Td [(Transport)-371(by)-371(land)-371(is)]TJ -189.098 -13.549 Td [(represented)-279(by)-278(colleges)-279(of)-278(muleteers)-279(and)-278(ass)-279(drivers)-278(in)-279(the)-278(Alps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-453(Apennines.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 70.078 3.958 Td [(1488)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.801 -3.958 Td [(All)-453(the)-453(many)-452(trades)-453(and)-453(services)-453(which)]TJ -95.879 -13.55 Td [(ministered)-240(to)-239(the)-240(wants)-239(or)-240(pleasures)-239(of)-240(the)-239(capital)-240(were)-239(similarly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(banded)-395(together,)-431(the)-394(actors)-395(and)-395(horn-blowers,)-431(the)-395(porters)-394(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paviors,)-317(down)-304(to)-304(the)-304(humble)-304(dealers)-304(in)-304(pastils)-304(and)-304(salt)-304(fish.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1489)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(We)-308(have)-308(seen)-308(that)-308(even)-308(the)-308(gladiators,)-322(in)-308(their)-308(barrack-prisons,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-473(allowed)-473(to)-473(form)-472(their)-473(clubs.)-919(Although)-473(traces)-473(of)-472(these)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(combinations)-377(are)-378(found)-377(in)-378(remote)-377(and)-377(obscure)-378(places)-377(all)-377(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-412(Roman)-412(world,)-452(it)-412(is)-412(at)-412(great)-412(commercial)-412(centres,)-452(at)-412(Ostia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Puteoli,)-447(Lyons,)-448(and)-408(Rome)-408(itself,)-447(that)-408(they)-408(have)-408(left)-408(the)-407(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(numerous)-337(remains.)-509(They)-337(had)-336(probably)-336(for)-337(one)-336(of)-337(their)-336(objects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-286(protection)-285(of)-286(their)-286(members)-285(against)-286(encroachments)-286(or)-285(fiscal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oppression.)-411(Strabo)-303(once)-304(came)-303(across)-304(a)-303(deputation)-304(of)-303(fishermen)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-506(their)-505(way)-506(to)-506(plead)-505(with)-506(the)-506(Emperor)-505(for)-506(a)-506(reduction)-505(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-327(dues.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.285 3.959 Td [(1490)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.677 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-327(it)-326(would)-327(be)-327(a)-327(mistake)-326(to)-327(suppose)-327(that)-327(these)]TJ -67.962 -13.549 Td [(trades)-225(unions)-226(were)-225(always)-225(organised)-226(for)-225(trade)-225(objects,)-231(or)-225(that)-225(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(separate)-254(colleges)-254(were)-255(composed)-254(of)-254(people)-254(engaged)-254(in)-254(the)-254(same)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occupation.)-310(They)-271(had)-270(many)-270(honorary)-270(members)-270(from)-270(among)-270(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(richer)-345(classes,)-370(and,)-369(even)-345(in)-345(the)-346(lower)-345(ranks,)-369(in)-346(defiance)-345(of)-345(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(law,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 18.48 3.959 Td [(1491)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.12 -3.959 Td [(a)-245(dealer)-245(in)-244(salt)-245(might)-245(be)-245(enrolled)-244(among)-245(the)-245(boatmen)-245(of)]TJ -37.6 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(Rhone,)-250(and)-250(member)-250(of)-250(a)-250(college)-250(of)-250(builders.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.258 3.959 Td [(1492)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.166 -3.959 Td [(In)-250(truth,)-250(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.481 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.669 Td [(1486)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(7007,)-250(7254,)-250(4110,)-250(6950.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1487)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3655,)-250(6029,)-250(3178.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1488)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4093,)-250(7206.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1489)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4105,)-250(2619,)-250(4113,)-250(4112,)-250(2625.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1490)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(286.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.924 -7.31 Td [(1491)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Dig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(L.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -32.627 -7.311 Td [(1492)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(ii.)-250(287.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1503 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1504 0 R /Resources 1502 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1485 0 R >> endobj 1502 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1507 0 obj << /Length 5921 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(325)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(great)-313(object)-314(of)-313(association)-314(among)-313(these)-314(humble)-313(people)-313(appears)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-375(have)-376(been)-375(not)-375(so)-375(much)-376(the)-375(protection)-375(of)-375(their)-376(trade,)-406(as)-375(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cheerfulness)-466(of)-465(intercourse,)-519(the)-466(promotion)-465(of)-466(fellowship)-465(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([267])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(good-will,)-250(the)-250(relief)-250(of)-250(the)-250(dulness)-250(of)-250(humdrum)-250(lives.)]TJ 11.956 -13.55 Td [(Probably)-239(no)-239(age,)-242(not)-239(even)-239(our)-239(own,)-242(ever)-239(felt)-239(a)-239(greater)-239(craving)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(for)-238(some)-237(form)-238(of)-238(social)-237(life,)-241(wider)-237(than)-238(the)-238(family,)-240(and)-237(narrower)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-346(the)-346(State.)-538(It)-346(was)-346(a)-346(movement)-346(at)-346(which,)-370(as)-346(we)-346(have)-346(seen,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-219(the)-218(greatest)-219(and)-218(strongest)-219(of)-218(the)-218(emperors)-219(had)-218(to)-219(connive.)-239(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(penetrated)-236(society)-236(down)-235(to)-236(its)-236(lowest)-236(layers.)-245(Even)-236(the)-236(slaves)-235(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(freedmen)-172(of)-171(great)-172(houses)-172(organised)-171(themselves)-172(in)-172(colleges.)-223(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-170(colleges)-170(in)-170(the)-170(imperial)-170(household.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.973 3.959 Td [(1493)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.875 -3.959 Td [(T.)-170(Aelius)-170(Primitivus,)]TJ -190.848 -13.549 Td [(chief)-308(of)-307(the)-308(imperial)-307(kitchen,)-322(being)-307(a)-308(man)-307(of)-308(great)-307(posthumous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambition,)-505(left)-453(the)-454(care)-454(of)-454(his)-453(own)-454(and)-454(his)-454(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 221.135 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-454(monument)]TJ -224.768 -13.549 Td [(to)-373(the)-372(college)-373(of)-372(the)-373(palatine)-372(cooks.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.843 3.958 Td [(1494)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.177 -3.958 Td [(In)-373(the)-372(inscriptions)-373(of)]TJ -186.02 -13.55 Td [(Moesia)-253(there)-253(is)-253(the)-254(album)-253(of)-253(a)-253(Bacchic)-253(club)-253(of)-253(household)-253(slaves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(containing)-412(80)-412(names,)-452(with)-412(apparently)-412(different)-412(grades)-411(among)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them,)-374(designated)-348(by)-349(such)-349(titles)-349(as)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 155.514 0 Td [(archimysta)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 48.48 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 6.802 0 Td [(bouleuta)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.182 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 6.801 0 Td [(frater)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -255.779 -13.549 Td [(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 18.867 0 Td [(filius)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.829 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(1495)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.326 -3.959 Td [(A)-285(similar)-286(club)-285(of)-286(the)-285(servile)-286(class,)-294(devoted)-285(to)-286(the)]TJ -63.749 -13.549 Td [(worship)-332(of)-331(Isis,)-352(existed)-332(at)-332(Tarraco.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.855 3.958 Td [(1496)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.838 -3.958 Td [(The)-332(officers)-331(of)-332(another)]TJ -177.693 -13.55 Td [(bear)-347(the)-348(pompous)-347(titles)-348(of)-347(tribune,)-372(quaestor,)-371(and)-348(triumvir,)-371(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-384(slab)-384(records)-384(the)-384(thanks)-384(of)-385(one)-384(Hilara,)-417(that)-384(her)-384(ashes)-384(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-306(allowed)-306(to)-306(mingle)-306(in)-306(the)-306(same)-306(urn)-306(with)-306(those)-306(of)-306(Mida)-305(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chamberlain.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.651 3.959 Td [(1497)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.476 -3.959 Td [(A)-321(provincial)-320(treasurer)-321(at)-320(Ephesus,)-339(who)-320(was)-321(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -78.127 -13.549 Td [(verna)-310(Augusti)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 61.564 0 Td [(,)-325(commits)-311(the)-310(custody)-311(of)-310(his)-310(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 149.262 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-310(monument)-311(to)]TJ -214.458 -13.549 Td [(five)-220(colleges)-220(of)-220(slaves)-220(and)-220(freedmen)-220(in)-220(the)-220(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 222.779 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-220(household.)]TJ -226.412 -13.55 Td [(One)-170(of)-170(the)-170(colleges)-170(bears)-171(the)-170(name)-170(of)-170(Faustina.)-223(Another)-170(college)-170(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devoted)-184(to)-184(the)-184(cult)-185(of)-184(the)-184(Lares)-184(and)-184(images)-184(of)-184(Antoninus)-185(Pius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1498)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Private)-297(masters)-297(seem)-298(to)-297(have)-297(encouraged)-297(the)-297(formation)-297(of)-297(such)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.592 Td [(1493)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6302.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(1494)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(1495)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(2,)-250(6150.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(1496)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(6004.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1497)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-343(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.465 0 Td [(2863,)-289(Hilara)-281(viva)-281(rogavit)-281(ut)-281(ossa)-281(sua)-281(in)-281(olla)-281(Midaes)-281(coicerentur)]TJ -50.42 -10.959 Td [(cum)-250(mort.)-250(esset.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1498)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(6077,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(note.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1506 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1507 0 R /Resources 1505 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1509 0 R >> endobj 1508 0 obj << /D [1506 0 R /XYZ 70.39 491.077 null] >> endobj 1505 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1512 0 obj << /Length 5339 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(326)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(associations)-450(among)-450(their)-450(dependents,)-500(and)-450(sometimes)-450(to)-449(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(endowed)-286(them)-286(with)-286(a)-286(perpetual)-286(foundation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.632 3.959 Td [(1499)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.346 -3.959 Td [(It)-286(was)-286(probably)]TJ -211.978 -13.549 Td [(politic,)-429(as)-394(well)-393(as)-393(kind,)-430(to)-393(provide)-393(for)-394(slaves)-393(social)-393(pleasures)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(within)-486(the)-487(circl)1(e)-487(of)-486(the)-486(household,)-546(and)-486(thus)-486(to)-486(forestall)-486(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(attractions)-328(of)-329(the)-328(numerous)-328(clubs)-329(outside,)-348(which)-328(freely)-328(offered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-381(hospitality.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.952 3.959 Td [(1500)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.46 -3.959 Td [(We)-381(may)-382(be)-381(sure)-381(that)-381(the)-381(college)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.713 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(which)]TJ -253.968 -13.549 Td [(was)-304(in)-303(the)-304(house)-304(of)-303(Sergia)-304(Paulina)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 153.797 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.156 0 Td [(was)-304(not)-303(encouraged)-304(by)-304(the)]TJ -161.953 -13.549 Td [(mistress)-250(without)-250(good)-250(reason.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([268])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -14.826 Td [(Thus)-286(it)-285(appears)-286(that)-286(in)-286(every)-285(part)-286(of)-286(the)-285(Roman)-286(world,)-295(in)-286(the)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(decaying)-398(little)-398(country)-398(town,)-434(and)-398(in)-398(the)-398(great)-398(trading)-397(centres,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-341(same)-341(great)-342(movement)-341(of)-341(association,)-364(is)-341(going)-342(on)-341(apace.)-523(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(swept)-245(into)-245(its)-245(current)-246(almost)-245(every)-245(social)-245(grade,)-246(and)-245(every)-245(trade,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(handicraft)-197(or)-196(profession,)-208(the)-197(pastil-makers,)-207(the)-197(green-grocers)-196(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unguent)-232(sellers)-232(of)-233(Rome,)-235(the)-233(muleteers)-232(of)-232(the)-232(Alps,)-236(the)-232(fullers)-232(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pompeii,)-316(the)-303(doctors)-304(at)-303(Beneventum,)-316(the)-303(boatmen)-303(of)-303(the)-303(Seine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-464(wine)-465(merchants)-464(of)-465(Lyons.)-893(Men)-465(formed)-464(themselves)-464(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-275(groups)-275(for)-276(the)-275(most)-275(trivial)-275(or)-275(whimsical)-276(reasons,)-281(or)-275(for)-275(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason)-222(at)-222(all,)-227(except)-222(that)-222(they)-222(lived)-222(in)-222(the)-222(same)-222(quarter,)-228(and)-221(often)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(met.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 19.091 3.959 Td [(1501)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.626 -3.959 Td [(From)-386(the)-387(view)-386(which)-386(the)-387(inscriptions)-386(give)-386(us)-386(of)-387(the)]TJ -42.717 -13.549 Td [(interior)-243(of)-244(some)-243(of)-244(these)-243(clubs,)-245(it)-243(is)-244(clear)-243(that)-244(their)-243(main)-243(purpose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-336(social)-336(pleasure.)-508(And)-336(this)-336(is)-336(especially)-336(true)-336(of)-336(the)-335(clubs)-336(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(humblest)-278(class.)-335(M.)-278(Boissier)-278(has)-279(well)-278(remarked)-278(that)-278(the)-278(poor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(workman,)-372(the)-347(poor)-348(freedman,)-371(with)-348(the)-347(brand)-348(of)-347(recent)-347(slavery)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(upon)-324(him,)-342(who)-323(was)-324(often)-323(engaged)-324(in)-324(some)-323(mean)-324(or)-323(disgusting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occupation,)-314(amidst)-301(a)-302(society)-301(which)-301(from)-302(tradition)-301(regarded)-301(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(industry)-214(soiled)-213(by)-214(servile)-213(touch)-214(with)-213(distant)-214(scorn,)-220(must)-214(have)-213(felt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-260(solitary)-261(exiles)-260(in)-260(the)-261(desert)-260(of)-260(a)-261(great)-260(town,)-263(the)-260(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(awful)-240(desert)-240(in)-240(the)-240(world.)-247(The)-240(remote)-240(splendour)-240(of)-239(the)-240(court)-240(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aristocratic)-316(life)-315(must)-315(have)-316(deepened)-315(the)-316(gloom)-315(of)-316(isolation)-315(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(helplessness.)-225(Shut)-177(out)-176(for)-176(ever)-176(from)-176(that)-176(brilliant)-176(world)-176(of)-176(fashion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-317(pleasure)-317(and)-317(power,)-334(whose)-317(social)-317(life)-317(seemed)-316(so)-317(charming)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.17 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.358 Td [(1499)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2386,)-250(4938,)-250(4123.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(1500)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Such)-250(as)-250(that)-250(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.793 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6086.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -106.842 -7.394 Td [(1501)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6010,)-250(Colleg.)-250(Capitolinorum,)-250(etc.;)-250(cf.)-250(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 153.423 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Quint.)-250(Fratr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 61.025 0 Td [(ii.)-250(5.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1511 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1512 0 R /Resources 1510 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1509 0 R >> endobj 1513 0 obj << /D [1511 0 R /XYZ 93.543 420.953 null] >> endobj 1510 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1516 0 obj << /Length 4806 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(327)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-410(gay)-411(and)-410(friendly,)-451(the)-410(despised)-411(and)-410(lonely)-411(toiler)-410(sought)-410(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(refuge)-213(in)-213(little)-213(gatherings)-213(of)-212(people)-213(as)-213(lonely)-213(as)-213(himself.)-238(At)-212(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chance)-308(meeting,)-322(some)-308(one,)-322(more)-308(energetic)-308(than)-307(the)-308(rest,)-322(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throw)-316(out)-316(the)-316(suggestion)-316(to)-316(form)-316(a)-317(club,)-332(on)-316(the)-316(model)-316(of)-316(some)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-323(the)-323(old)-323(trade)-323(societies)-323(which)-323(had)-323(always)-323(been)-323(authorised)-322(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-265(State)-266(from)-265(the)-266(days)-265(of)-266(Numa,)-269(or)-265(of)-266(those)-265(newer)-265(associations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-387(were)-386(now)-387(tacitly)-386(permitted)-386(under)-387(the)-386(guise)-387(of)-386(religion.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(A)-430(small)-431(entrance)-430(fee)-431(would)-431(meet,)-475(for)-431(the)-430(time,)-476(their)-430(modest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expenses.)-306(In)-269(that)-268(age)-269(of)-269(generous)-268(or)-269(ambitious)-269(profusion,)-273(it)-268(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-239(hard)-239(to)-239(find)-240(some)-239(influential)-239(patron,)-241(a)-239(kindly)-239(gracious)-239(noble,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-245(an)-246(aspiring)-245(or)-246(generous)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 116.39 0 Td [(parvenu)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.749 0 Td [(,)-246(to)-246(give)-245(the)-246(infant)-245(society)-245(his)]TJ -152.139 -13.549 Td [(countenance,)-200(along)-187(with)-188(a)-187(substantial)-188(donation)-187(for)-188(the)-187(building)-187(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-241(club-house,)-243(and)-241(for)-242(simple)-241(convivial)-241(pleasures)-241(on)-241(his)-241(birthday,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-503(other)-504(festivals)-503(which)-503(could)-503(easily)-503(be)-504(multiplied.)-1009(Then)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-295(brethren)-295(met)-295(in)-295(solemn)-295(form)-295(to)-295(frame)-295(their)-295(constitution)-294(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([269])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(commemorate)-176(their)-176(benefactor,)-191(on)-176(one)-176(of)-176(those)-176(many)-176(monuments)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-227(illuminate)-228(a)-227(social)-228(life)-227(on)-227(which)-228(the)-227(literature)-227(of)-228(the)-227(age)-227(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generally)-250(silent.)]TJ 11.956 -18.586 Td [(The)-273(continuity)-272(and)-273(repetition)-273(of)-272(proved)-273(political)-273(organisat)1(ion)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(is)-187(a)-188(notable)-187(characteristic)-188(of)-187(the)-187(great)-188(races)-187(which)-188(have)-187(left,)-200(or)-187(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(destined)-176(to)-177(leave,)-191(their)-176(mark)-177(on)-176(history.)-226(The)-176(British)-177(settlers)-176(on)-176(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prairies)-382(of)-382(Oregon)-382(or)-382(Manitoba)-382(immediately)-382(order)-381(themselves)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(into)-437(communities,)-483(which)-437(are)-436(modelled)-437(on)-437(a)-436(social)-437(system)-436(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-480(as)-480(the)-480(Heptarchy.)-940(The)-480(Latin)-480(race)-480(had)-480(perhaps)-480(an)-479(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-348(stubborn)-347(conservatism)-348(than)-348(the)-347(English.)-543(Under)-348(the)-347(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(various)-350(circumstances,)-375(the)-351(Roman)-350(instinctively)-350(clung)-350(to)-350(forms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-247(institutions)-247(of)-247(tested)-247(strength)-248(and)-247(elasticity,)-247(and)-247(consecrated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-259(the)-259(immemorial)-259(usage)-259(of)-258(his)-259(race.)-277(The)-259(most)-259(distant)-259(and)-258(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(humble)-260(municipality)-260(was)-260(fashioned)-260(after)-260(the)-260(pattern)-260(of)-260(the)-260(great)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(city)-267(which)-268(had)-267(become)-267(a)-267(world.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 140.307 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1502)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.354 -3.959 Td [(It)-267(had)-268(its)-267(senate,)-271(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 90.674 0 Td [(ordo)]TJ -260.023 -13.549 Td [(splendidissimus)-226(et)-226(amplissimus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 135.85 0 Td [(,)-231(and)-226(the)-226(popular)-226(assembly)-226(which)]TJ -135.85 -13.549 Td [(elected)-364(the)-365(magistrates.)-593(The)-364(municipal)-365(magistrates,)-393(if)-364(they)-364(do)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.847 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(1502)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Rutil.)-250(Namat.)-250(i.)-250(63.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1515 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1516 0 R /Resources 1514 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1509 0 R >> endobj 1517 0 obj << /D [1515 0 R /XYZ 63.32 328.486 null] >> endobj 1514 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1520 0 obj << /Length 6086 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(328)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(not)-305(always)-305(bear)-305(the)-305(ancient)-305(names,)-319(reproduce)-305(in)-304(shadowy)-305(form)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-405(dictators,)-444(the)-405(praetors,)-444(the)-405(aediles,)-444(quaestors,)-444(and)-405(censors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-414(the)-414(old)-415(republic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.393 3.959 Td [(1503)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.54 -3.959 Td [(The)-414(same)-414(continuity)-415(of)-414(form)-414(is)-414(seen)]TJ -112.933 -13.549 Td [(in)-405(the)-406(colleges.)-716(As)-406(the)-405(municipal)-406(town)-405(was)-406(modelled)-405(on)-405(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(constitution)-399(of)-398(the)-399(State,)-435(so)-399(we)-399(may)-398(say)-399(that)-398(the)-399(college)-398(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modelled)-265(on)-265(the)-265(municipal)-265(town.)-296(The)-265(college,)-269(indeed,)-268(became)-265(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(city)-207(for)-207(the)-207(brotherhood,)-216(at)-207(once)-207(a)-207(city)-207(and)-207(a)-208(home.)-235(They)-207(apply)-207(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-255(such)-255(terms)-254(as)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 70.507 0 Td [(respublica)-255(collegii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 81.565 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(1504)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.322 -3.959 Td [(The)-255(meetings)-255(often)-254(took)]TJ -174.121 -13.549 Td [(place)-257(in)-257(a)-257(temple,)-258(whether)-257(of)-257(a)-257(patron)-257(deity)-256(or)-257(of)-257(an)-257(emperor,)-258(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(those)-304(of)-303(the)-304(Roman)-303(Senate)-304(were)-304(held)-303(in)-304(the)-303(temple)-304(of)-303(Concord)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-345(of)-346(Bellona.)-535(There)-345(they)-346(elected)-345(their)-345(administrative)-345(officers,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generally)-392(for)-393(a)-392(period)-392(of)-393(one)-392(year;)-463(in)-393(some)-392(cases,)-428(by)-392(way)-392(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(special)-196(distinction,)-207(for)-196(life.)-232(The)-196(heads)-196(of)-196(these)-196(little)-195(societies)-196(bear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(various)-262(names,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 68.467 0 Td [(magistri)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.371 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 5.619 0 Td [(curatores)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.814 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 5.619 0 Td [(quinquennales)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 63.633 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 5.619 0 Td [(praefecti)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.782 0 Td [(,)-265(or)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -265.924 -13.55 Td [(praesides)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.815 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(1505)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.632 -3.959 Td [(They)-264(have)-264(also)-265(quaestors,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 113.167 3.959 Td [(1506)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.36 -3.959 Td [(who)-264(managed)-265(their)]TJ -196.701 -13.549 Td [(financial)-262(affairs,)-265(which,)-266(although)-262(perhaps)-262(on)-262(no)-262(great)-262(scale,)-265(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(involved)-303(the)-303(investment)-303(of)-303(trust)-303(moneys)-303(to)-303(yield)-303(the)-302(prescribed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amounts)-325(which)-324(had)-325(to)-324(be)-325(distributed)-325(either)-324(as)-325(burial)-324(payments,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([270])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(or)-430(in)-430(food)-430(and)-430(money)-429(on)-430(the)-430(high)-430(festivals.)-790(The)-430(number)-429(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-269(members)-268(was)-269(generally)-269(limited,)-273(either)-269(by)-268(the)-269(government)-268(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-357(interests)-357(of)-358(public)-357(order,)-384(or)-357(by)-357(the)-358(will)-357(of)-357(a)-357(benefactor,)-384(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prevent)-315(the)-316(progressive)-315(diminution)-315(in)-315(the)-316(value)-315(of)-315(the)-315(divisible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shares)-396(of)-396(the)-395(income.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.478 3.959 Td [(1507)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.937 -3.959 Td [(A)-396(periodical)-395(revision)-396(of)-396(the)-396(roll)-396(of)]TJ -121.415 -13.549 Td [(members)-407(was)-407(therefore)-408(conducted)-407(every)-407(five)-407(years,)-447(as)-407(it)-407(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-476(the)-476(municipality,)-532(by)-476(the)-476(chief)-475(officers,)-533(exercising)-476(for)-475(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(time)-353(censorial)-354(powers)-353(in)-353(miniature.)-560(Fortunately)-353(the)-353(albums)-353(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(three)-383(or)-382(four)-383(colleges)-383(have)-383(been)-382(preserved.)-648(The)-383(lists)-383(throw)-382(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.537 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.641 Td [(1503)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)-250(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.789 0 Td [(p.)-250(154)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.484 -7.394 Td [(1504)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4068,)-250(4107.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1505)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.675 0 Td [(6127,)-225(7181,)-226(7182,)-225(3217,)-225(4138)-219(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 111.662 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.188 0 Td [(Orelli)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(s)-219(note)-219(to)-220(this)-219(Inscription\051,)-225(4071;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -167.385 -10.959 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(p.)-250(1163;)-250(iii.)-250(\0502\051)-250(p.)-250(1180.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -25.657 -7.394 Td [(1506)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2863,)-250(7183,)-250(5372.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1507)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.77 0 Td [(2417,)-295(ut)-287(ne)-286(plures)-286(adlegantur)-286(quam)-287(numerus)-286(s.)-359(s.)-359(etc.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 200.042 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.243 0 Td [(ii.)-359(1167,)]TJ -250.011 -10.959 Td [(collegio)-255(hominum)-256(centum)-255(dumtaxet)-256(constituto.)-266(Cf.)-266(Plin.)-266(x.)-266(33,)-257(where)-256(the)-255(coll.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(fabrorum)-250(is)-250(to)-250(be)-250(limited)-250(to)-250(150.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1519 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1520 0 R /Resources 1518 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1509 0 R >> endobj 1521 0 obj << /D [1519 0 R /XYZ 329.631 287.839 null] >> endobj 1518 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1524 0 obj << /Length 5295 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(329)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(vivid)-271(light)-271(on)-272(their)-271(constitution)-271(and)-271(social)-271(tone.)-314(We)-271(have)-271(drawn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attention)-440(in)-439(a)-440(former)-439(chapter)-440(to)-439(the)-440(strict)-439(gradation)-440(of)-439(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rank)-383(in)-382(the)-383(city)-382(polity.)-648(The)-382(same)-383(characteristic)-382(is)-383(repeated)-382(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(collegiate)-365(organisation.)-595(In)-365(these)-365(humble)-365(plebeian)-364(coteries,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(composed)-456(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.281 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(men)-456(without)-457(a)-456(grandfather,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.909 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.822 0 Td [(of)-456(men,)-508(perhaps,)]TJ -202.856 -13.549 Td [(whose)-212(father)-213(was)-212(a)-212(slave,)-220(or)-212(of)-212(men)-213(who)-212(were)-212(slaves)-212(themselves,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-432(emerges,)-478(to)-433(our)-432(astonishment,)-478(a)-432(punctilious)-432(observance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-456(shadowy)-456(social)-456(distinctions,)-507(which)-456(is)-456(an)-456(inheritance)-456(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-609(exclusive)-609(aristocratic)-609(pride)-609(of)-609(the)-609(old)-609(republic.)-1326(This)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(characteristic)-341(has)-341(excited)-342(in)-341(some)-341(French)-341(critics)-341(and)-341(historians)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-415(certain)-415(admiration,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.581 3.959 Td [(1508)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.418 -3.959 Td [(in)-415(which)-415(it)-415(is)-415(not)-416(altogether)-415(easy)-415(to)]TJ -114.999 -13.549 Td [(join.)-522(Gradation)-341(of)-341(rank)-341(to)-341(ensure)-340(devotion)-341(and)-341(order)-341(in)-340(public)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(service)-443(is)-442(a)-443(precious)-442(and)-443(admirable)-442(thing.)-827(But)-443(artificial)-442(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unreal)-342(distinctions,)-366(invented)-342(and)-342(conferred)-343(to)-342(flatter)-342(wealth,)-365(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(stimulate)-230(or)-230(reward)-230(the)-231(largesses)-230(of)-230(the)-230(rich)-230(patron,)-234(to)-230(gratify)-230(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vulgar)-382(self-complacency)-383(of)-382(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 143.92 0 Td [(parvenu)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.749 0 Td [(,)-416(are)-382(only)-382(a)-383(degrading)]TJ -179.669 -13.549 Td [(form)-318(of)-317(mendicancy.)-453(Some)-317(indulgence)-318(is)-317(no)-318(doubt)-317(due)-318(to)-317(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-344(were)-345(still)-344(under)-345(the)-344(yoke)-345(of)-344(slavery,)-368(or)-345(only)-344(just)-344(released)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-223(it;)-231(the)-223(iron)-223(had)-222(entered)-223(into)-222(their)-223(souls.)-241(But)-222(both)-223(the)-222(college)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-317(the)-318(municipality)-317(of)-317(the)-318(Antonine)-317(age)-317(cannot)-318(be)-317(relieved)-317(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(charge)-300(of)-301(purchased)-301(or)-301(expectant)-300(deference)-301(to)-301(mere)-300(wealth.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hence)-381(we)-380(cannot)-381(altogether)-380(share)-381(the)-381(pleasure)-380(of)-381(M.)-380(Boissier)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-284(these)-283(pale)-284(and)-284(vulgar)-283(reproductions)-284(of)-284(the)-283(hierarchy)-284(of)-284(a)-283(real)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aristocracy.)-660(But)-387(the)-387(image)-387(of)-387(the)-386(hierarchy)-387(is)-387(there,)-421(and)-387(it)-386(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(very)-337(instructive.)-511(In)-337(a)-337(college)-337(of)-338(smiths)-337(in)-337(Tarraconensis,)-358(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-315(fifteen)-315(patrons)-315(at)-315(the)-315(head)-315(of)-315(the)-314(roll,)-332(followed)-315(by)-314(twelve)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decurions,)-512(including)-460(two)-460(doctors)-460(and)-460(a)-459(soothsayer,)-513(one)-459(man)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([271])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(isolated)-241(by)-241(the)-241(honours)-241(of)-241(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 131.525 0 Td [(bisellium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.004 0 Td [(,)-243(two)-241(honorary)-241(members,)]TJ -171.529 -13.549 Td [(twenty-eight)-257(plain)-257(plebeians.)-272(There)-257(were)-257(also)-257(several)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 235.794 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mothers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.149 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(and)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.506 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(daughters)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.415 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.596 0 Td [(of)-252(the)-253(society.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.558 3.958 Td [(1509)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.243 -3.958 Td [(The)-252(album)-253(of)-252(another)-253(club)-252(at)]TJ -154.162 -13.55 Td [(Ostia)-318(shows)-318(a)-318(list)-319(of)-318(nine)-318(patrons,)-335(two)-318(holders)-318(of)-318(quinquennial)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 88.05 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.154 Td [(1508)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(ii.)-250(295.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.924 -7.394 Td [(1509)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4055.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1523 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1524 0 R /Resources 1522 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1509 0 R >> endobj 1525 0 obj << /D [1523 0 R /XYZ 308.616 165.896 null] >> endobj 1522 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1528 0 obj << /Length 6139 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(330)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(rank,)-547(and)-487(one)-487(hundred)-488(and)-487(twenty-three)-488(plebeians.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.733 3.959 Td [(1510)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.933 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(plebs)-367(of)-367(many)-367(colleges)-367(included)-368(slaves,)-396(and)-367(in)-367(more)-367(than)-367(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscription)-339(the)-340(men)-339(of)-340(ingenuous)-339(and)-340(those)-339(of)-340(servile)-339(birth)-339(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carefully)-233(distinguished,)-236(the)-233(slaves)-233(being)-233(sometimes)-233(placed)-233(at)-232(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(bottom)-331(of)-331(the)-332(roll.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.054 3.959 Td [(1511)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.823 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-331(it)-331(was)-332(surely)-331(a)-331(great)-331(advance)-331(when)]TJ -103.877 -13.549 Td [(slaves)-230(and)-230(freemen)-231(could)-230(meet)-230(together)-230(for)-231(the)-230(time,)-234(on)-230(a)-230(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(footing)-364(of)-365(equality,)-393(for)-364(business)-365(or)-364(convivial)-364(intercourse.)-593(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rigid)-195(lines)-195(of)-195(old)-195(pagan)-195(society)-195(are)-195(indeed)-195(still)-195(marked)-195(on)-195(the)-195(face)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-194(these)-194(clubs.)-231(And)-194(yet)-194(many)-194(an)-194(inscription)-194(leaves)-194(the)-194(impression)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-376(these)-375(little)-376(societies)-376(of)-375(the)-376(old)-376(pagan)-375(world)-376(are)-375(nurseries,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-413(an)-413(imperfect)-413(way,)-454(of)-413(the)-413(gentle)-413(charities)-412(and)-413(brotherliness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which,)-379(in)-352(shy)-353(retirement,)-379(the)-352(young)-353(Church)-353(was)-353(cultivating)-352(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(her)-250(disciples)-250(to)-250(be)-250(the)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(the)-250(world.)]TJ 11.956 -16.8 Td [(These)-572(colleges)-573(became)-572(homes)-573(for)-572(the)-573(homeless,)-653(a)-572(little)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(fatherland,)-413(or)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 64.687 0 Td [(patria)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.672 0 Td [(,)-413(for)-380(those)-380(without)-380(a)-380(country.)-640(Sometimes)]TJ -91.359 -13.549 Td [(they)-315(may)-315(have)-315(met)-314(in)-315(low)-315(taverns,)-331(which)-315(were)-315(on)-315(that)-314(account)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(jealously)-547(watched)-547(by)-547(some)-547(of)-547(the)-547(emperors.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.226 3.959 Td [(1512)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.887 -3.959 Td [(But)-547(they)]TJ -240.113 -13.549 Td [(generally)-297(attained)-296(to)-297(the)-297(possession)-296(of)-297(a)-297(club-room)-296(or)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 241.212 0 Td [(schola)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.483 0 Td [(,)-308(a)]TJ -269.695 -13.549 Td [(name)-278(which)-279(had)-278(been)-279(previously)-278(given)-278(to)-279(the)-278(lounging-room)-278(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-262(public)-262(baths.)-286(Sometimes)-262(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 142.737 0 Td [(schola)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 31.343 0 Td [(was)-262(erected)-262(at)-262(their)-262(own)]TJ -174.08 -13.549 Td [(cost,)-344(the)-326(site)-325(being)-326(perhaps)-325(granted)-325(by)-326(some)-325(rich)-326(patron,)-344(or)-325(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-366(town)-366(council,)-395(on)-367(a)-366(vacant)-366(spot)-366(close)-366(to)-366(the)-366(basilica)-366(or)-366(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theatre.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.411 3.959 Td [(1513)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.479 -3.959 Td [(But)-382(frequently)-382(a)-381(hall)-382(was)-382(built)-382(for)-382(them)-381(by)-382(some)]TJ -55.89 -13.549 Td [(generous)-200(friend.)-234(A)-200(like)-200(generosity)-200(often)-200(provided)-200(for)-200(them)-200(a)-200(little)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(chapel)-350(of)-349(their)-350(patron)-350(deity,)-374(with)-350(a)-350(shaded)-349(court,)-375(or)-350(a)-349(balcony)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(open)-320(to)-319(the)-320(air)-320(and)-320(sun,)-337(where)-320(the)-319(brethren)-320(took)-320(their)-319(common)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meals.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.178 3.959 Td [(1514)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.474 -3.959 Td [(Or)-382(a)-381(rich)-382(patron,)-414(anxious)-382(to)-382(secure)-381(some)-382(care)-382(and)]TJ -51.652 -13.549 Td [(religious)-397(observance)-396(of)-397(his)-396(last)-397(resting-place,)-433(would)-396(bequeath)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-300(a)-300(college)-300(a)-300(pleasant)-300(garden)-299(adjoining)-300(the)-300(tomb,)-313(with)-300(a)-299(house)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.66 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.764 Td [(1510)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4054,)-250(2417,)-250(4056.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1511)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(The)-250(ranks)-250(are)-250(mingled,)-250(however,)-250(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 129.483 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(2394;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(633.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -204.208 -7.394 Td [(1512)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(60.)-250(6,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 54.793 0 Td [(\304\254)-250(\304\265)-250(\272\261\300\265\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.93 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\003)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\303\305\275\271\314\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.546 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\275\277\275)-250(\272\261\304\255\273\305\303\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 57.385 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -259.961 -7.395 Td [(1513)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4088,)-250(3298,)-250(2279,)-250(3787,)-250(4085.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1514)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2417,)-250(solarium)-250(tectum)-250(junctum)-250(in)-250(quo)-250(populus)-250(collegi)-250(s.)-250(s.)-250(epuletur.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1527 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1528 0 R /Resources 1526 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1509 0 R >> endobj 1526 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1531 0 obj << /Length 5548 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(331)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-341(which)-340(to)-341(hold)-340(their)-341(meetings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.726 3.959 Td [(1515)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.13 -3.959 Td [(And,)-363(as)-341(a)-340(further)-341(security)]TJ -165.856 -13.549 Td [(against)-214(neglect)-213(and)-214(oblivion,)-221(a)-214(sum)-214(of)-213(10,000)-214(or)-214(15,000)-213(sesterces)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([272])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(would)-364(be)-364(invested)-365(to)-364(provide)-364(a)-364(dinner)-365(for)-364(the)-364(college)-364(on)-364(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benefactor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.037 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-297(birthday.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.572 3.958 Td [(1516)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.706 -3.958 Td [(As)-297(years)-297(went)-297(on,)-309(the)-297(scene)-297(of)-297(many)]TJ -116.947 -13.55 Td [(a)-384(pleasant)-384(gathering)-384(became)-383(a)-384(centre)-384(round)-384(which)-384(clustered)-383(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-321(deal)-321(of)-321(sentiment,)-338(and)-321(even)-321(pride.)-463(We)-321(may)-321(imagine)-320(that,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(allowing)-394(for)-395(differences)-394(of)-394(time)-394(and)-394(faith,)-431(the)-394(little)-394(school)-394(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shrine)-394(would,)-429(in)-393(the)-394(course)-393(of)-394(years,)-429(attract)-394(something)-393(of)-393(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feeling)-282(which)-283(consecrates)-282(an)-282(ancient)-283(village)-282(church)-282(in)-282(England,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-282(a)-282(little)-282(Bethel)-282(which)-282(was)-282(built)-282(in)-282(the)-282(year)-282(of)-282(the)-282(visit)-282(of)-282(John)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Wesley.)-275(It)-259(became)-258(a)-258(point)-259(of)-258(honour)-259(to)-258(make)-258(gifts)-259(to)-258(the)-258(schola,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-336(add)-337(to)-336(its)-336(comfort)-336(or)-337(beauty.)-509(One)-336(benefactor)-336(would)-336(redeem)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-318(right)-318(of)-318(ancient)-318(lights,)-334(or)-318(build)-318(a)-318(boundary)-318(wall.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 223.494 3.959 Td [(1517)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.387 -3.959 Td [(Another)]TJ -244.881 -13.549 Td [(would)-326(make)-326(a)-326(present)-326(of)-326(bronze)-326(candelabra)-326(on)-326(a)-326(marble)-325(stand,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-293(the)-292(device)-293(of)-292(a)-293(Cupid)-292(holding)-293(baskets)-292(in)-293(his)-292(hands.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.564 3.959 Td [(1518)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.557 -3.959 Td [(Or)]TJ -269.121 -13.549 Td [(a)-390(college)-389(would)-390(receive)-389(from)-390(its)-390(curator)-389(a)-390(gift)-389(of)-390(some)-389(silver)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(statues)-268(of)-268(the)-269(gods,)-272(on)-269(the)-268(dedication)-268(of)-268(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 193.934 0 Td [(schola)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.484 0 Td [(,)-273(with)-268(a)-268(brass)]TJ -222.418 -13.549 Td [(tablet,)-471(no)-427(doubt)-427(recording)-427(the)-427(event.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.984 3.959 Td [(1519)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.954 -3.959 Td [(The)-427(gift)-427(of)-427(a)-426(place)]TJ -192.938 -13.549 Td [(where)-218(the)-218(brethren)-218(of)-217(the)-218(club)-218(might)-218(be)-218(buried)-218(beside)-218(their)-217(wives)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-284(concubines,)-293(was)-284(probably,)-293(to)-284(these)-284(poor)-284(people,)-293(not)-284(the)-284(least)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(valued)-306(benefaction.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 86.035 3.959 Td [(1520)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.982 -3.959 Td [(Many)-306(a)-305(humble)-306(donation)-305(was)-306(probably)]TJ -107.017 -13.549 Td [(made,)-190(which)-176(was)-176(too)-175(slight)-176(for)-175(a)-176(memorial.)-225(But)-176(it)-175(happens)-176(that)-175(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-281(one)-281(record)-281(of)-280(gifts)-281(evidently)-281(offered)-281(by)-281(poor,)-288(insignificant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people.)-225(It)-177(is)-176(contained)-176(in)-176(a)-176(very)-176(interesting)-176(inscription)-176(found)-176(upon)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-326(rock)-327(near)-326(the)-327(theatre)-326(at)-327(Philippi)-326(in)-327(Macedonia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.63 3.959 Td [(1521)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.668 -3.959 Td [(It)-326(records)]TJ -238.298 -13.549 Td [(that)-365(P.)-364(Hostilius)-365(Philadelphus,)-394(in)-364(recognition)-365(of)-365(the)-364(aedileship)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-404(the)-404(college,)-443(which)-405(had)-404(been)-404(conferred)-404(upon)-404(him,)-443(bore)-404(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 144.067 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 137.171 Td [(1515)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4070.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1516)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(65,)-250(900,)-250(4088;)-250(cf.)-250(4107,)-250(4366.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(1517)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2416,)-250(4057.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1518)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4068.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1519)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2502.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1520)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2400,)-250(4093.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1521)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(633.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1530 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1531 0 R /Resources 1529 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1533 0 R >> endobj 1532 0 obj << /D [1530 0 R /XYZ 46.771 504.626 null] >> endobj 1529 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1536 0 obj << /Length 5008 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(332)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(expense)-291(of)-291(polishing)-291(the)-291(rock,)-302(and)-291(inscribing)-291(upon)-291(it)-291(the)-291(names)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-321(the)-321(members)-321(of)-321(a)-321(college)-321(of)-321(Silvanus,)-339(sixty-nine)-320(in)-321(number,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(together)-425(with)-424(a)-425(list)-425(of)-424(those)-425(who)-425(had)-424(presented)-425(gifts)-425(to)-424(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temple.)-597(The)-366(college)-366(was)-365(a)-366(religious)-366(one,)-395(with)-365(a)-366(priest)-366(who)-365(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(named)-278(in)-278(the)-277(first)-278(place.)-334(It)-278(is)-277(also)-278(a)-278(funerary)-278(society,)-285(and)-277(seems)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-329(be)-330(composed)-329(of)-329(freedmen)-329(and)-330(of)-329(slaves,)-349(either)-329(belonging)-329(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-364(colony)-364(or)-364(private)-364(masters.)-592(They)-364(had)-364(just)-364(erected)-364(a)-364(temple)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-367(their)-367(patron)-367(god,)-396(to)-367(which)-367(some)-367(had)-367(given)-367(subscriptions)-366(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(money,)-360(while)-339(others)-338(made)-338(various)-339(offerings)-338(for)-338(its)-338(adornment.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(One)-182(brother)-183(presents)-182(an)-182(image)-183(of)-182(the)-182(god)-183(in)-182(a)-182(little)-183(shrine,)-195(another)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([273])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(statuettes)-238(of)-237(Hercules)-238(and)-238(Mercury.)-246(There)-237(is)-238(another)-238(donation)-237(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-222(stone-work)-221(in)-222(front)-221(of)-222(the)-221(temple,)-228(and)-221(Hostilius,)-227(at)-222(his)-221(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expense,)-240(cut)-238(away)-238(the)-238(rock)-238(to)-237(smooth)-238(the)-238(approach)-238(to)-238(the)-237(shrine.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Most)-280(of)-280(the)-280(gifts)-280(are)-280(of)-280(trifling)-279(value,)-288(a)-280(poor)-280(little)-280(picture)-279(worth)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(15)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 14.175 0 Td [(denarii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 31.516 0 Td [(,)-312(a)-299(marble)-299(image)-300(of)-299(Bacchus)-299(costing)-299(not)-300(much)-299(more.)]TJ -45.691 -13.549 Td [(But)-299(they)-299(were)-298(the)-299(offerings)-299(of)-299(an)-299(enthusiastic)-298(brotherhood,)-311(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-267(good)-267(Hostilius)-267(has)-267(given)-267(them)-267(an)-267(immortality)-267(of)-267(which)-266(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-250(dreamed.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(The)-260(contributions)-259(of)-260(the)-260(members)-259(would)-260(generally)-260(have)-259(been)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(but)-230(a)-229(sorry)-230(provision)-230(for)-230(the)-229(social)-230(and)-230(religious)-229(life)-230(of)-230(a)-229(college.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Reproducing,)-231(as)-226(it)-227(did,)-231(the)-226(constitution)-226(and)-227(the)-226(tone)-226(of)-227(the)-226(city)-226(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(so)-204(many)-204(traits,)-213(the)-204(college)-204(in)-204(nothing)-204(follows)-204(its)-204(model)-204(so)-203(closely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-183(in)-183(its)-183(reliance)-183(on)-183(the)-183(generosity)-183(of)-184(patronage.)-227(At)-183(the)-183(head)-183(of)-183(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(album)-238(of)-238(the)-237(society)-238(there)-238(is)-238(a)-237(list,)-241(sometimes)-237(disproportionately)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long,)-307(of)-295(its)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 51.313 0 Td [(patroni)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.127 0 Td [(.)-386(Countless)-296(inscriptions)-295(leave)-296(us)-295(in)-295(no)-296(doubt)]TJ -83.44 -13.549 Td [(as)-332(to)-331(the)-332(reason)-332(why)-332(the)-331(patron)-332(was)-332(elected.)-495(His)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 223.077 0 Td [(raison)-332(d)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 36.957 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(\352tre)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -263.667 -13.549 Td [(in)-288(the)-288(club)-288(is)-287(the)-288(same)-288(as)-288(in)-288(the)-288(city;)-306(it)-288(is)-288(to)-288(provide)-288(luxuries)-287(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(amusements)-175(for)-175(the)-175(society,)-190(which)-175(the)-175(society)-175(could)-175(not)-174(generally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obtain)-332(for)-333(itself.)-496(The)-333(relation)-332(of)-332(patron)-333(and)-332(client)-332(is,)-353(of)-332(all)-332(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(features)-258(of)-258(ancient)-258(life,)-260(the)-258(one)-258(which,)-260(being)-258(so)-258(remote)-258(from)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-297(of)-296(our)-297(democratic)-296(society,)-309(is)-296(perhaps)-297(most)-296(difficult)-297(for)-296(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-321(understand.)-463(The)-321(mutual)-321(obligations,)-339(enforced)-321(by)-321(a)-321(powerful)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(traditional)-309(sentiment,)-324(were)-310(of)-309(the)-309(most)-309(binding,)-324(and)-309(sometimes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(burdensome)-397(character.)-692(And)-397(in)-397(that)-397(form)-397(of)-398(relation,)-433(between)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1535 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1536 0 R /Resources 1534 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1533 0 R >> endobj 1537 0 obj << /D [1535 0 R /XYZ 113.707 396.232 null] >> endobj 1534 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1540 0 obj << /Length 5642 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(333)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(former)-329(master)-329(and)-329(freedman,)-349(which)-329(became)-329(so)-329(common)-329(in)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-239(age)-238(of)-239(the)-239(Empire,)-241(the)-238(old)-239(master)-239(was)-238(bound)-239(to)-239(continue)-238(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(support)-342(and)-343(protection)-342(to)-343(the)-342(emancipated)-342(slave.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.226 3.959 Td [(1522)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.19 -3.959 Td [(Although)]TJ -239.416 -13.549 Td [(there)-293(was)-294(much)-293(that)-294(was)-293(sordid)-293(and)-294(repulsive)-293(in)-294(the)-293(position)-293(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-208(client)-208(in)-208(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.193 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-208(and)-208(Martial)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.651 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-208(days,)-216(we)-208(must)-208(still)-208(recognise)]TJ -150.109 -13.549 Td [(the)-364(fact)-364(that)-364(the)-364(fortune)-363(of)-364(the)-364(rich)-364(patron)-364(had)-364(to)-364(pay)-364(a)-363(heavy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(price)-258(for)-258(social)-257(deference.)-274(Not)-258(less)-257(heavy)-258(was)-258(the)-258(demand)-257(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(patrons)-250(of)-250(municipalities)-250(and)-250(colleges.)]TJ 11.956 -16.905 Td [(There)-614(must)-613(have)-614(been)-613(wide)-614(distinctions)-613(of)-614(dignity)-613(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(importance)-392(among)-393(the)-392(industrial)-392(colleges)-392(of)-392(the)-393(Empire.)-676(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(centonarii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.848 0 Td [(,)-471(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 25.854 0 Td [(fabri)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.218 0 Td [(,)-471(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 28.276 0 Td [(dendrophori)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 59.202 0 Td [(of)-427(the)-427(more)-427(important)]TJ -179.398 -13.549 Td [(centres,)-210(such)-201(as)-200(Aquileia,)-211(Lyons)-200(and)-201(Milan,)-210(the)-201(boatmen)-200(of)-200(Arles)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([274])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(or)-345(Ostia,)-370(would)-345(probably)-345(have)-346(looked)-345(down)-345(with)-346(scorn)-345(on)-345(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flute-players)-320(of)-319(the)-319(Via)-320(Sacra,)-337(the)-319(hunters)-320(of)-319(Corfinium,)-337(or)-319(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(muleteers)-170(of)-170(the)-170(Porta)-171(Gallica.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 129.519 3.958 Td [(1523)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.876 -3.958 Td [(And)-170(there)-170(was)-170(a)-171(corresponding)]TJ -148.395 -13.55 Td [(variety)-387(in)-388(the)-387(rank)-387(of)-387(the)-388(patrons.)-661(Some)-388(are)-387(high)-387(officials)-387(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-395(Empire,)-431(procurators)-394(of)-395(provinces,)-431(curators)-395(of)-395(great)-394(public)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(works,)-290(or)-283(distinguished)-282(officers)-282(of)-283(the)-282(legions.)-347(Or)-282(they)-282(are)-282(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evidently)-396(of)-397(high)-396(position)-396(and)-397(commanding)-396(influence)-396(in)-396(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(province,)-307(priests)-296(of)-295(the)-296(altar)-295(of)-296(Augustus,)-307(augurs)-295(of)-296(the)-295(colony,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(magistrates)-347(or)-347(decurions)-347(of)-347(two)-347(or)-347(three)-347(cities.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.797 3.959 Td [(1524)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.342 -3.959 Td [(Sometimes)]TJ -232.139 -13.549 Td [(the)-253(patron)-253(is)-253(a)-253(great)-252(merchant,)-254(with)-253(warehouses)-253(of)-253(oil)-253(or)-253(wine)-252(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lyons)-294(or)-294(Tarragona)-294(or)-294(Ostia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.857 3.959 Td [(1525)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.605 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-294(in)-294(spite)-294(of)-294(his)-294(wealth,)-305(the)]TJ -149.462 -13.549 Td [(patron)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.873 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-288(social)-287(position)-288(in)-287(those)-288(days)-288(might)-287(be)-288(rather)-287(uncertain,)]TJ -31.506 -13.549 Td [(and)-303(we)-303(may)-303(without)-303(difficulty,)-316(from)-303(modern)-303(analogies,)-316(believe)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-379(a)-378(new)-379(man)-378(might)-379(find)-378(his)-379(vanity)-379(soothed,)-410(or)-379(his)-378(position)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-419(less)-418(obscure,)-461(by)-418(being)-419(known)-418(as)-419(the)-418(titular)-418(head)-419(of)-418(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-362(corporation)-362(of)-362(the)-362(clothworkers,)-390(or)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 196.981 0 Td [(dendrophori)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 54.545 0 Td [(,)-390(or)-362(of)]TJ -251.526 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(boatmen)-313(on)-314(the)-313(Sa\364ne.)-441(Probably)-314(in)-313(obscure)-314(country)-313(towns,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.416 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.52 Td [(1522)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(203.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.522 -7.394 Td [(1523)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4082,)-250(4118.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(1524)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.172 0 Td [(4082,)-281(194,)-280(73,)-281(4077,)-281(6654,)-280(4109,)-281(4069;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 145.694 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.138 0 Td [(iii.)-324(1,)-280(1209,)-281(1497,)-281(1051;)]TJ -192.959 -10.959 Td [(x.)-250(228;)-250(1696;)-250(3910.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(1525)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7007,)-250(4109.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1539 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1540 0 R /Resources 1538 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1533 0 R >> endobj 1541 0 obj << /D [1539 0 R /XYZ 252.74 365.778 null] >> endobj 1538 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1544 0 obj << /Length 4976 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(334)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(remote)-311(from)-311(the)-310(seat)-311(of)-311(Empire,)-326(these)-311(bourgeois)-311(dignities)-310(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-326(more)-326(valued.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.934 3.959 Td [(1526)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.645 -3.959 Td [(The)-326(humbler)-326(colleges)-325(would)-326(have)-326(to)-326(be)]TJ -103.579 -13.549 Td [(content)-235(with)-236(one)-235(of)-235(the)-236(new)-235(freedmen,)-238(such)-236(as)-235(the)-235(vulgar)-235(friends)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-410(Trimalchio,)-451(who,)-450(after)-410(a)-410(youth)-411(of)-410(shameful)-410(servitude,)-450(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(leapt)-204(into)-203(fortune)-204(by)-203(some)-204(happy)-203(chance)-204(or)-203(stroke)-204(of)-203(shrewdness,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-373(who)-373(sought)-373(a)-372(compensation)-373(for)-373(the)-373(contempt)-373(of)-373(the)-372(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world)-384(in)-384(the)-384(deference)-385(and)-384(adulation)-384(of)-384(those)-384(who)-384(waited)-384(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-250(largesses.)]TJ 11.956 -14.418 Td [(The)-505(election)-505(of)-505(a)-505(patron)-505(was)-505(an)-505(event)-505(of)-505(great)-505(moment,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(especially)-489(to)-489(a)-489(poor)-489(college.)-967(And)-489(it)-489(was)-489(conducted)-489(with)-488(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(formal)-279(preciseness,)-286(and)-279(an)-279(assumption)-279(of)-279(dignity,)-286(which,)-286(at)-279(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distance)-465(of)-466(time,)-519(are)-465(sometimes)-465(rather)-466(ludicrous.)-896(In)-465(a)-465(little)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(town)-374(of)-374(Cisalpine)-374(Gaul)-373(in)-374(the)-374(year)-374(190,)-405(the)-374(college)-374(of)-373(smiths)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-341(clothworkers)-342(met)-341(in)-341(solemn)-342(session)-341(in)-341(their)-342(temple.)-523(Their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quaestors,)-536(who)-479(may)-479(have)-479(had)-479(the)-479(financial)-479(condition)-479(of)-478(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(college)-286(in)-286(view,)-295(made)-285(a)-286(formal)-286(proposal)-286(that)-286(the)-286(college)-285(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(set)-438(an)-437(example)-438(of)-438(the)-437(judicious)-438(reward)-438(of)-437(merit,)-485(by)-437(electing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-346(Tutilius)-347(Julianus,)-370(a)-346(man)-346(distinguished)-347(by)-346(his)-346(modesty)-346(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(liberality,)-210(as)-199(the)-200(patron)-199(of)-200(their)-199(society.)-233(The)-200(meeting)-199(commended)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([275])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-220(sage)-219(proposal)-220(of)-219(the)-220(quaestors,)-225(and)-220(formally)-219(resolved)-220(that)-219(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honourable)-185(Julianus)-184(should)-185(be)-185(requested)-184(to)-185(accept)-185(the)-184(distinction,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-248(an)-248(apology)-248(for)-248(so)-248(tardy)-249(a)-248(recognition)-248(of)-248(his)-248(merits,)-248(and)-248(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-277(brass)-278(plate,)-284(containing)-277(a)-277(copy)-277(of)-278(this)-277(decree,)-284(should)-277(be)-277(placed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(above)-250(his)-250(door.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.96 3.959 Td [(1527)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -55.004 -18.376 Td [(It)-409(is)-409(significant)-410(that)-409(the)-409(patrons)-410(were,)-449(in)-409(very)-409(many)-409(cases,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Seviri)-409(and)-410(Augustales,)-449(a)-409(body)-409(which)-410(in)-409(the)-409(provinces,)-449(as)-409(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-243(seen,)-244(was)-242(generally)-242(composed)-243(of)-242(new)-243(men)-242(of)-243(the)-242(freedman)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(class.)-509(Although)-336(they)-337(were)-336(steadily)-336(rising)-337(in)-336(importance)-336(and)-336(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strength)-177(of)-178(organisation,)-192(the)-177(provincial)-178(Augustales)-177(always)-177(ranked)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-347(the)-346(decurions)-347(of)-346(a)-347(town.)-540(They)-346(often)-347(displayed)-346(boundless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(liberality)-250(to)-250(their)-249(city)-250(and)-250(to)-250(their)-249(own)-250(order.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.805 3.959 Td [(1528)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.165 -3.959 Td [(But)-250(the)-250(leading)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.254 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.358 Td [(1526)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1968;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.628 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3927,)-250(3321,)-250(6275.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -109.595 -7.395 Td [(1527)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4133.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1528)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(7116,)-250(3914,)-250(3923,)-250(4080,)-250(qui)-250(facultates)-250(suas)-250(coll.)-250(reliq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1543 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1544 0 R /Resources 1542 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1533 0 R >> endobj 1545 0 obj << /D [1543 0 R /XYZ 320.85 273.421 null] >> endobj 1542 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1548 0 obj << /Length 5038 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(335)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Augustales)-417(seem)-418(to)-417(have)-417(been)-418(quite)-417(as)-417(generous)-418(to)-417(the)-417(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corporations)-269(who)-270(placed)-269(themselves)-270(under)-269(their)-269(patronage.)-308(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-392(were)-392(not)-391(unfrequently)-392(patrons)-392(of)-392(several)-391(colleges.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 250.16 3.959 Td [(1529)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.805 -3.959 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.549 Td [(is)-371(no)-371(long)-370(task)-371(to)-371(find)-371(men)-371(who)-370(were)-371(the)-371(titular)-371(protectors)-370(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(two)-343(or)-343(three,)-367(of)-343(eight,)-367(or)-343(even)-343(of)-343(as)-344(many)-343(as)-343(twelve)-343(or)-343(fifteen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colleges.)-322(One)-274(inscription)-274(to)-274(Cn.)-322(Sentius)-274(of)-274(Ostia)-274(would)-274(seem)-274(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(include)-258(among)-257(his)-258(dependents)-257(almost)-258(every)-257(industrial)-258(college)-257(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-271(busy)-272(port.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.192 3.959 Td [(1530)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.862 -3.959 Td [(Sentius)-271(must)-272(have)-271(been)-271(a)-271(very)-272(wealthy)-271(and)-271(a)]TJ -83.054 -13.549 Td [(very)-248(generous)-248(man)-248(to)-248(accept)-248(the)-248(patronage)-248(of)-248(so)-248(many)-248(societies,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-390(in)-389(those)-390(days)-389(expected)-390(or)-390(demanded)-389(that)-390(their)-389(honours)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-382(be)-383(paid)-382(for)-382(in)-382(solid)-383(cash.)-647(The)-382(crowning)-382(distinction)-382(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-382(statue,)-416(or)-382(a)-383(durable)-382(inscription,)-415(was)-383(often)-382(solemnly)-382(decreed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-278(all)-279(seemly)-278(forms)-279(of)-278(deference)-278(or)-279(unstinted)-278(flattery)-279(in)-278(a)-278(full)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meeting)-320(of)-320(the)-320(society.)-460(But)-320(in)-320(a)-320(great)-320(majority)-320(of)-320(cases)-319(we)-320(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(amused)-326(or)-327(disgusted)-326(to)-327(read)-326(that,)-346(after)-326(all)-327(his)-326(other)-326(liberalities,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-353(benefactor)-352(or)-353(his)-352(heir)-353(is)-352(permitted)-353(to)-352(pay)-353(for)-352(the)-353(record)-352(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popular)-367(gratitude.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.843 3.959 Td [(1531)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.005 -3.959 Td [(This)-367(fact)-368(may)-367(explain)-367(the)-367(extraordinary)]TJ -101.848 -13.549 Td [(abundance)-242(of)-242(these)-243(honours,)-243(if)-243(it)-242(somewhat)-242(lowers)-242(their)-242(value)-242(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(eyes)-250(of)-250(posterity.)]TJ 11.956 -20.597 Td [(But,)-704(besides)-613(the)-613(benefactions)-613(which)-613(sprang)-613(either)-613(from)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ambition)-455(or)-455(real)-455(generosity,)-506(a)-455(vast)-455(number)-455(were)-455(inspired)-454(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-232(Roman)-232(passion)-231(for)-232(long)-232(remembrance,)-235(and)-232(for)-232(the)-231(continuity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-344(funerary)-345(ritual.)-533(The)-345(very)-344(position)-344(of)-345(so)-344(many)-345(tombs)-344(by)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(side)-262(of)-262(the)-262(great)-262(roads)-262(beyond)-262(the)-262(city)-262(gates,)-265(was)-262(a)-262(silent)-261(appeal)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([276])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(to)-364(the)-364(passing)-364(traveller)-364(not)-364(to)-364(forget)-364(the)-364(departed.)-592(The)-364(appeal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-320(also)-320(often)-320(expressly)-320(made)-319(on)-320(the)-320(stone)-320(by)-320(those)-320(who)-320(had)-319(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-208(means)-207(of)-208(prolonging)-207(their)-208(own)-208(memory)-207(or)-208(that)-207(of)-208(some)-207(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-354(loved.)-564(It)-354(is)-354(impossible)-355(to)-354(read)-354(without)-355(some)-354(emotion)-354(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prayer)-275(of)-276(an)-275(old)-275(Spanish)-275(soldier,)-282(that)-275(his)-276(brethren)-275(of)-275(the)-275(college)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(may)-321(never)-321(suffer)-320(grief)-321(like)-321(his,)-339(if)-320(they)-321(will)-321(only)-321(keep)-321(the)-320(lamp)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.254 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.358 Td [(1529)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4109;)-250(194,)-250(4069,)-250(4071,)-250(4094,)-250(7194.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1530)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4109.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1531)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3724,)-250(honore)-250(usus)-250(impensam)-250(remisit;)-250(cf.)-250(7011,)-250(6992,)-250(7190,)-250(so)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 225.397 0 Td [(passim)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.908 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1547 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1548 0 R /Resources 1546 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1533 0 R >> endobj 1549 0 obj << /D [1547 0 R /XYZ 298.929 199.496 null] >> endobj 1546 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1552 0 obj << /Length 6466 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(336)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(burning)-207(for)-207(ever)-207(over)-207(the)-207(tomb)-206(of)-207(his)-207(child.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.998 3.959 Td [(1532)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.009 -3.959 Td [(The)-207(more)-207(opulent)]TJ -204.007 -13.549 Td [(took)-254(more)-254(elaborate)-254(measures)-254(to)-254(provide)-254(for)-254(the)-254(guardianship)-253(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.208 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(last)-386(home.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.331 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1533)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.65 -3.959 Td [(They)-386(often)-386(attached)-386(to)-386(the)-386(tomb)-386(a)-386(field)]TJ -100.877 -13.549 Td [(or)-428(gardens)-428(of)-428(considerable)-428(extent,)-472(to)-428(be)-428(cultivated)-428(for)-428(profit,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-398(to)-398(bear)-399(the)-398(roses)-398(for)-398(the)-398(annual)-399(offering.)-694(The)-398(whole)-398(area,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(dimensions)-277(of)-276(which,)-284(in)-277(many)-276(inscriptions,)-284(are)-277(defined)-276(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mathematical)-278(precision,)-284(would)-278(be)-278(surrounded)-277(by)-278(a)-277(wall.)-333(Within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-273(enclosure)-273(there)-273(would)-272(be)-273(a)-273(little)-273(shrine)-273(containing)-273(statues)-272(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-310(dead,)-326(an)-310(arbour)-310(and)-310(a)-311(well,)-325(and)-310(a)-310(hall)-311(in)-310(which)-310(the)-310(kindred)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-323(coming)-322(generations)-322(might)-323(hold)-322(their)-323(annual)-322(banquet,)-341(till)-322(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tie)-340(was)-340(dissolved)-340(by)-340(the)-340(cruel)-340(oblivion)-340(of)-340(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.393 3.959 Td [(1534)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.113 -3.959 Td [(There)-340(will)]TJ -234.506 -13.549 Td [(be)-294(a)-294(cottage)-293(\050)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 59.894 0 Td [(taberna)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.939 0 Td [(\051)-294(in)-293(which)-294(a)-294(freedman)-294(or)-294(dependent)-293(of)-294(the)]TJ -93.833 -13.549 Td [(house)-297(may)-297(be)-297(lodged,)-309(to)-297(watch)-297(over)-297(the)-297(repose)-297(of)-297(the)-297(dead.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1535)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-297(all)-296(these)-296(precautions,)-309(as)-296(the)-296(testator)-297(feels,)-308(were)-297(likely)-296(to)-296(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(defeated)-380(in)-379(the)-380(end)-379(by)-380(the)-379(vicissitudes)-380(of)-379(human)-380(fortunes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1536)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(He)-427(had,)-472(indeed,)-471(before)-427(his)-427(eyes)-428(the)-427(fate)-427(of)-427(many)-427(a)-427(forsaken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-377(forgotten)-376(tomb)-377(of)-376(old)-377(worthies)-377(of)-376(the)-377(Republic.)-629(Families)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(die)-359(out;)-414(faithful)-358(freedmen)-359(and)-359(their)-359(children)-359(cannot)-359(keep)-359(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(watch)-358(for)-357(ever.)-573(The)-357(garden)-358(will)-357(grow)-358(wild,)-384(a)-357(time)-358(may)-357(come)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(when)-334(no)-334(kindly)-333(hand)-334(will)-334(pour)-334(the)-333(libation)-334(or)-334(scatter)-334(the)-333(roses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-285(the)-285(natal)-285(day.)-354(Families)-285(will)-285(die)-285(out,)-293(but)-285(a)-285(college)-285(may)-285(go)-284(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-290(ever)-290(by)-290(the)-290(perpetual)-290(renewal)-290(of)-290(its)-290(members.)-370(Inspired)-290(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-320(idea,)-337(a)-320(worthy)-320(of)-320(N\356mes)-320(created)-320(a)-320(funerary)-320(college)-320(to)-319(dine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(regularly)-338(in)-337(his)-338(honour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.285 3.959 Td [(1537)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.037 -3.959 Td [(It)-338(was)-337(to)-338(consist)-338(of)-338(thirty)-337(persons,)]TJ -127.322 -13.549 Td [(and)-395(the)-395(number)-395(was)-395(to)-395(be)-395(maintained)-395(by)-395(co-optation)-395(into)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(places)-271(of)-271(deceased)-271(members.)-314(Members)-271(of)-271(the)-271(college)-271(who)-271(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obliged)-235(to)-236(be)-235(absent)-235(might)-236(send)-235(one)-235(of)-236(their)-235(friends)-235(to)-236(join)-235(in)-235(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.782 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.885 Td [(1532)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(2102.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.394 Td [(1533)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4371,)-250(4070,)-250(4400,)-250(7365;)-250(cf.)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 125.269 0 Td [(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(i.)-250(370.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -190.767 -7.394 Td [(1534)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-407(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.233 0 Td [(4456)-302(aediculae)-303(in)-302(quibus)-303(simulacra,)-315(etc.,)-316(4510,)-315(4400)-303(area)-302(quae)]TJ -51.189 -10.959 Td [(ante)-225(se)-226(est)-225(maceria)-225(cincta)-226(long.)-241(p.)-242(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 125.989 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(l)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.492 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(i)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.493 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(i)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.492 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(.,)-230(lat.)-242(p.)-242(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 33.299 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(i)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.493 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 0 0 Td [(.,)-230(7365,)-231(4337,)-230(4070,)-230(4085.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -189.93 -7.394 Td [(1535)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.475 0 Td [(4366)-308(ejusque)-309(mausolei)-308(claves)-308(duae)-308(penes)-309(aliquem)-308(libertorum)-308(meorum)]TJ -24.431 -10.959 Td [(...)-250(sint,)-250(4637,)-250(4353.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.395 Td [(1536)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(6206.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1537)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4366.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1551 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1552 0 R /Resources 1550 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1533 0 R >> endobj 1550 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1555 0 obj << /Length 5498 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(337)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(repast.)-371(Thus)-291(the)-290(dead)-290(man,)-301(who)-290(had)-291(taken)-290(such)-291(care)-290(to)-290(prolong)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-291(memory,)-302(would)-291(at)-291(no)-291(distant)-292(date)-291(be)-291(festively)-291(celebrated)-291(by)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([277])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(people)-285(who)-286(barely)-285(knew)-286(his)-285(name.)-356(Many)-285(another)-286(left)-285(a)-285(bequest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-413(a)-412(college)-413(to)-412(be)-413(spent)-412(in)-413(a)-412(feast)-413(on)-412(the)-413(testator)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 226.439 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-413(memorial)]TJ -230.072 -13.55 Td [(day.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 18.48 3.959 Td [(1538)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.058 -3.959 Td [(A)-220(freedman)-221(of)-220(Mevania)-221(leaves)-220(a)-220(tiny)-221(legacy)-220(of)-220(HS.1000)]TJ -37.538 -13.549 Td [(to)-412(the)-412(guild)-413(of)-412(clothworkers,)-453(of)-412(whom)-412(he)-412(is)-412(patron,)-453(with)-412(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(condition)-378(that)-379(not)-378(less)-378(than)-378(twelve)-378(of)-379(their)-378(number)-378(shall)-378(feast)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-280(a)-280(year)-280(in)-280(memory)-280(of)-279(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.171 3.959 Td [(1539)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.144 -3.959 Td [(A)-280(more)-280(liberal)-280(provision)-280(for)]TJ -156.315 -13.549 Td [(convivial)-289(enjoyment)-290(was)-289(left)-289(to)-290(a)-289(college)-289(of)-290(Silvanus)-289(in)-289(honour)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-307(Domitian.)-421(It)-307(consisted)-307(of)-307(the)-307(rents)-307(of)-307(four)-307(estates,)-321(with)-307(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appurtenances,)-376(which)-351(were)-351(to)-351(be)-351(spent)-351(on)-351(the)-351(birthdays)-351(of)-351(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor)-268(and)-268(his)-268(wife,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.689 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(for)-268(all)-268(time)-268(to)-268(come,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.563 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.767 0 Td [(with)-268(the)-268(sacrifices)]TJ -200.863 -13.549 Td [(proper)-336(to)-335(such)-336(a)-335(holy)-336(season.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.31 3.959 Td [(1540)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.966 -3.959 Td [(Due)-336(provision)-335(is)-336(often)-335(made)]TJ -153.276 -13.549 Td [(for)-306(the)-307(seemly)-306(and)-307(impressive)-306(performance)-307(of)-306(a)-307(rite)-306(which)-306(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-404(once)-405(a)-404(religious)-405(duty)-404(and)-405(a)-404(convivial)-404(pleasure.)-714(There)-404(is)-404(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(curious)-362(letter)-361(of)-362(the)-361(time)-362(of)-361(Antoninus)-362(Pius)-361(containing)-362(a)-361(deed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-380(gift)-381(to)-380(the)-381(college)-380(of)-381(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 129.034 0 Td [(fabri)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.369 0 Td [(at)-380(Narbo,)-413(in)-381(return)-380(for)-381(their)]TJ -154.403 -13.549 Td [(constant)-276(favours)-275(to)-276(the)-276(donor.)-327(One)-275(Sextus)-276(Fadius)-276(presents)-275(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-318(the)-319(sum)-318(of)-319(16,000)-318(sesterces,)-336(the)-318(interest)-319(of)-318(which)-319(is)-318(to)-318(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(divided)-305(every)-305(year)-306(at)-305(the)-305(end)-305(of)-305(April)-306(for)-305(ever,)-319(at)-305(a)-305(banquet)-305(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-248(birthday;)-249(the)-247(guests)-248(on)-248(this)-248(festive)-248(occasion)-248(are)-248(to)-248(be)-247(habited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(their)-250(handsomest)-250(attire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 113.324 3.959 Td [(1541)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -101.368 -19.754 Td [(But)-384(the)-385(fullest)-384(and)-385(minutest)-384(arrangements)-385(for)-384(these)-384(modest)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(meals)-253(are)-253(to)-253(be)-253(found)-253(in)-253(the)-253(document)-253(relating)-253(to)-253(the)-253(foundation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-340(the)-341(poor)-340(college)-340(of)-340(Diana)-341(and)-340(Antinous,)-363(to)-340(which)-340(reference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-383(already)-383(been)-384(made.)-649(The)-383(master)-384(of)-383(the)-383(feast)-383(was)-383(taken)-383(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(regular)-345(order)-344(from)-345(the)-345(roll)-344(of)-345(the)-345(society.)-534(Each)-344(brother)-345(had)-344(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accept)-360(this)-359(office)-359(in)-360(his)-359(turn,)-387(or)-360(pay)-359(a)-360(fine)-359(of)-360(five)-359(shillings)-359(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-409(money.)-726(The)-408(regular)-409(festivals)-409(of)-408(the)-409(club)-409(were)-408(six)-409(in)-408(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(year,)-471(on)-427(the)-427(natal)-427(days)-427(of)-427(Diana)-427(and)-427(Antinous,)-471(and)-427(those)-426(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.457 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.561 Td [(1538)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(3999,)-250(4076,)-250(4107,)-250(4088.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1539)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(3999.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1540)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(6085.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1541)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(7215)-250(\050)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 23.16 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.22 0 Td [(149\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1554 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1555 0 R /Resources 1553 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1557 0 R >> endobj 1556 0 obj << /D [1554 0 R /XYZ 62.679 504.626 null] >> endobj 1553 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1560 0 obj << /Length 5836 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(338)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-322(founder)-323(and)-322(some)-322(of)-322(his)-323(relatives.)-467(There)-322(is)-322(some)-322(obscurity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-427(the)-426(regulations)-427(for)-427(these)-426(common)-427(feasts,)-471(and)-426(at)-427(first)-426(sight)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-433(are)-433(a)-433(ludicrous)-432(contrast)-433(to)-433(the)-433(pontiff)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.656 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-433(famous)-433(banquet)]TJ -200.289 -13.549 Td [(in)-383(the)-383(days)-384(of)-383(Julius)-383(Caesar,)-417(described)-383(by)-383(Macrobius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.68 3.958 Td [(1542)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.525 -3.958 Td [(M.)]TJ -268.205 -13.55 Td [(Boissier)-254(naturally)-254(refuses)-254(to)-253(imagine)-254(that)-254(even)-254(the)-254(poor)-253(brethren)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-451(the)-450(club)-451(of)-450(Diana)-451(and)-450(Antinous)-451(would)-450(be)-451(contented)-450(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bread,)-339(four)-322(sardines,)-339(a)-322(bottle)-321(of)-322(good)-321(wine,)-340(with)-321(hot)-322(water)-321(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-307(proper)-306(table)-307(service.)-419(The)-306(slave)-307(steward)-306(of)-307(Horace)-306(probably)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([278])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(found)-380(much)-380(better)-381(fare)-380(in)-380(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 137.588 0 Td [(popina)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 30.305 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.958 Td [(1543)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.427 -3.958 Td [(Dr.)-641(Mommsen)-380(has)]TJ -194.047 -13.55 Td [(resolved)-394(the)-394(mystery.)-683(It)-394(is)-394(evident,)-430(from)-394(several)-394(inscriptions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 20.178 0 Td [(sportulae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 45.029 0 Td [(were)-350(sharply)-349(distinguished)-350(from)-350(distributions)-349(of)]TJ -65.207 -13.549 Td [(bread)-365(and)-366(wine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.89 3.959 Td [(1544)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.943 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 20.95 0 Td [(sportula)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.357 0 Td [(was)-365(a)-366(gift)-365(of)-366(richer)-365(food)-366(or)]TJ -156.14 -13.549 Td [(dainties,)-286(which)-279(in)-279(public)-278(distributions)-279(might)-279(be)-279(carried)-278(home;)-293(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-331(sometimes)-332(an)-331(equivalent)-332(in)-331(money.)-494(If)-332(those)-331(who)-331(received)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 15.503 0 Td [(sportula)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.543 0 Td [(preferred)-199(to)-199(enjoy)-199(it)-199(at)-200(a)-199(common)-199(table,)-209(an)-199(appointed)]TJ -54.046 -13.549 Td [(member)-248(of)-248(the)-248(college)-248(would)-249(have)-248(the)-248(food)-248(prepared,)-248(or)-248(convert)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-430(money)-430(into)-430(dishes)-430(for)-430(the)-430(feast.)-790(The)-430(bread)-430(and)-430(wine)-430(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-369(add)-369(from)-369(his)-369(own)-369(pocket,)-399(if)-369(they)-369(were)-369(not)-368(provided)-369(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-308(foundation.)-426(How)-308(much)-309(for)-308(these)-309(meals)-308(came)-309(from)-308(the)-308(club)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(funds,)-303(and)-293(how)-292(much)-293(out)-292(of)-293(the)-292(pocket)-293(of)-292(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 205.635 0 Td [(magister)-293(coenae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.268 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(is)-293(not)-294(always)-293(clearly)-293(stated.)-380(But)-294(we)-293(may)-293(be)-294(sure,)-304(from)-293(the)-293(tone)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-330(the)-329(times,)-349(that)-330(additions)-329(to)-330(a)-329(modest)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 178.974 0 Td [(menu)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.223 0 Td [(were)-330(often)-329(made)]TJ -206.197 -13.549 Td [(by)-250(the)-250(generosity)-250(of)-250(patrons)-250(and)-250(officers)-250(of)-250(the)-250(club.)]TJ 11.956 -15.9 Td [(It)-188(would)-189(be)-188(futile)-189(and)-188(uninteresting)-189(to)-188(pursue)-189(into)-188(all)-189(its)-188(minute)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(details)-557(throughout)-557(the)-556(inscriptions,)-634(the)-557(system)-557(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 239.416 0 Td [(sportulae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -239.416 -13.549 Td [(founded)-427(by)-428(so)-427(many)-428(patrons)-427(and)-427(benefactors.)-783(Any)-427(one)-427(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wishes)-192(can)-193(temperately)-192(regale)-192(himself)-192(for)-193(hours)-192(at)-192(these)-192(shadowy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(club-feasts)-298(of)-298(the)-298(second)-299(century.)-394(Perhaps)-298(the)-298(clearest)-298(example)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-383(such)-383(distributions)-384(is)-383(the)-383(donation)-383(of)-383(Marcellina)-383(and)-383(Aelius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Zeno)-443(to)-443(the)-443(little)-443(college)-443(of)-443(Aesculapius,)-491(to)-443(which)-443(reference)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.213 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.317 Td [(1542)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(iii.)-250(13,)-250(11-13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -63.005 -7.395 Td [(1543)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(ii.)-250(319;)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.557 0 Td [(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(i.)-250(208;)-250(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.585 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(i.)-250(14,)-250(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -208.96 -7.394 Td [(1544)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.349 0 Td [(De)-241(Colleg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.927 0 Td [(p.)-247(109;)-244(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.49 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.362 0 Td [(2385)-241(\050panem)-241(vinum)-240(et)-241(sportulas)-241(dedit\051,)]TJ -140.084 -10.959 Td [(3949.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1559 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1560 0 R /Resources 1558 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1557 0 R >> endobj 1561 0 obj << /D [1559 0 R /XYZ 110.218 423.331 null] >> endobj 1558 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1564 0 obj << /Length 5050 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(339)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(has)-481(been)-481(made)-480(for)-481(another)-481(purpose.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.692 3.959 Td [(1545)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.718 -3.959 Td [(On)-481(seven)-481(different)]TJ -194.41 -13.549 Td [(anniversaries)-212(and)-212(festivals,)-220(sums)-212(of)-212(money,)-219(with)-212(bread)-212(and)-212(wine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-215(distributed)-214(to)-215(the)-214(brethren)-215(of)-214(the)-215(college)-214(in)-215(due)-214(proportions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(according)-323(to)-323(their)-323(official)-323(dignity)-323(and)-323(social)-323(rank.)-469(Thus,)-341(in)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(division)-258(on)-258(the)-257(4th)-258(of)-258(November,)-260(the)-257(f\352te-day)-258(of)-258(the)-258(society,)-259(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shares)-222(in)-222(money,)-227(according)-222(to)-222(the)-222(various)-222(grades,)-228(from)-222(the)-221(father)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-320(the)-320(college)-321(downwards,)-338(are)-320(six,)-338(four,)-337(and)-321(two.)-460(The)-320(division)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-309(the)-309(wine,)-323(according)-309(to)-309(social)-309(rank,)-323(follows)-309(the)-309(proportion)-308(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nine,)-276(six,)-277(and)-271(three.)-313(A)-270(slightly)-271(different)-271(scale)-271(is)-271(followed)-271(on)-271(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(birthday)-197(of)-196(the)-197(Emperor)-196(Antoninus)-197(Pius)-196(in)-197(September,)-207(and)-197(on)-196(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(day)-318(for)-318(New)-317(Year)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.666 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-318(gifts)-318(in)-317(January.)-454(But)-317(in)-318(these)-318(benefactions)]TJ -84.299 -13.549 Td [(the)-362(difference)-362(of)-362(grade)-362(is)-362(always)-362(observed,)-390(the)-362(patron)-362(and)-362(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chief)-236(magistrates)-235(and)-236(magnates)-235(of)-235(the)-236(society)-235(always)-236(receiving)-235(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([279])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(larger)-229(share)-228(than)-229(the)-228(obscure)-229(brethren)-229(at)-228(the)-229(bottom)-228(of)-229(the)-229(list.)-242(In)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-247(college)-248(of)-247(Aesculapius,)-248(Marcellina)-248(herself,)-248(and)-247(Aelius)-247(Zeno,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-313(two)-313(great)-313(benefactors)-313(of)-313(the)-313(society,)-329(along)-313(with)-312(the)-313(highest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-235(its)-235(dignitaries,)-238(are)-236(allotted)-235(three)-235(times)-235(as)-235(much)-235(as)-235(the)-235(plebeian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brother.)-657(The)-386(excellent)-385(Marcellina,)-420(who,)-419(in)-386(the)-386(fourth)-385(century)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-235(perhaps)-235(have)-236(followed)-235(S.)-235(Jerome)-235(and)-235(Paula)-235(to)-235(Bethlehem,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-394(the)-394(widow)-394(of)-393(a)-394(good)-394(and)-394(tender)-394(husband,)-430(who)-394(had)-393(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(curator)-244(of)-243(the)-244(imperial)-243(picture)-244(galleries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.941 3.959 Td [(1546)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.143 -3.959 Td [(Had)-244(she)-243(been)-244(drawn)]TJ -192.084 -13.549 Td [(into)-270(the)-270(ranks)-271(of)-270(that)-270(hidden)-270(society,)-276(who)-270(were)-270(beginning)-270(to)-270(lay)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-356(dead)-357(in)-356(the)-356(winding)-356(vaults)-357(beneath)-356(the)-356(Appian)-357(Way,)-382(she)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-203(certainly)-203(have)-202(dealt)-203(out)-203(her)-203(bounty)-202(on)-203(a)-203(different)-203(scale)-202(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-211(different)-211(principles.)-237(Her)-211(bequest)-211(to)-211(the)-211(college)-211(of)-210(Aesculapius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reveals)-280(how)-281(deep)-280(in)-280(the)-281(soul)-280(of)-280(a)-281(charitable)-280(pagan)-281(woman,)-287(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-463(probably)-463(sprung)-463(from)-463(servile)-463(stock,)-516(lay)-463(that)-462(aristocratic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instinct)-367(of)-367(the)-367(Roman)-368(world)-367(which)-367(survived)-367(the)-367(advent)-367(of)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine)-214(Peasant)-214(and)-214(the)-214(preaching)-214(of)-214(the)-214(fishermen)-214(of)-214(Galilee,)-221(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far)-250(more)-250(than)-250(four)-250(hundred)-250(years.)]TJ 11.956 -13.785 Td [(The)-371(most)-370(curious)-371(and)-370(interesting)-371(among)-370(the)-371(regulations)-370(for)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(these)-177(club)-177(entertainments)-177(are)-176(those)-177(relating)-177(to)-177(order)-177(and)-176(decorum.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 88.05 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.154 Td [(1545)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2417.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1546)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fl.)-250(Apolloni)-250(Proc.)-250(Aug.)-250(qui)-250(fuit)-250(a)-250(pinacothecis....)-250(Optimi)-250(piissimi,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1563 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1564 0 R /Resources 1562 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1557 0 R >> endobj 1565 0 obj << /D [1563 0 R /XYZ 141.729 355.585 null] >> endobj 1562 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1568 0 obj << /Length 5361 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(340)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(The)-470(club)-470(of)-470(Diana)-471(and)-470(Antinous)-470(was)-470(not)-470(very)-470(select,)-525(being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-553(composed)-552(of)-553(poor)-552(freedmen)-553(and)-552(slaves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.601 3.959 Td [(1547)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.066 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(manners)-443(of)-443(this)-443(class,)-492(if)-443(we)-443(may)-443(judge)-443(by)-443(the)-443(picture)-443(given)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-460(Petronius,)-512(were,)-513(to)-460(say)-459(the)-460(least,)-513(wanting)-460(in)-460(reserve)-459(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(self-restraint.)-837(The)-446(great)-446(object)-446(of)-445(such)-446(reunions)-446(was,)-495(as)-445(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(founder)-263(tells)-262(us,)-266(that)-263(the)-263(brethren)-262(might)-263(dine)-263(together)-262(cheerfully)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-396(quietly.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.109 3.959 Td [(1548)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.955 -3.959 Td [(Hence)-396(he)-397(most)-396(wisely)-396(orders)-397(that)-396(all)-396(serious)]TJ -77.064 -13.549 Td [(proposals)-178(and)-178(complaints)-177(shall)-178(be)-178(reserved)-178(for)-178(business)-177(meetings.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(If)-334(any)-335(member)-334(quits)-335(his)-334(place)-335(or)-334(makes)-335(a)-334(disturbance,)-356(he)-334(is)-334(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pay)-302(a)-302(fine)-302(of)-302(four)-302(sesterces.)-406(Twelve)-302(sesterces)-302(is)-302(the)-302(penalty)-302(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(insulting)-337(a)-337(fellow-guest.)-511(The)-337(man)-337(who,)-359(under)-337(the)-336(influence)-337(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-294(wine,)-304(so)-294(far)-293(forgot)-294(himself)-294(as)-293(to)-294(insult)-294(the)-293(chief)-294(officer)-293(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(society,)-303(was)-293(to)-292(be)-293(punished)-292(by)-293(a)-293(forfeit)-292(of)-293(twenty)-292(sesterces,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-452(would)-453(probably)-452(be)-452(a)-453(powerful)-452(discouragement)-452(of)-452(bad)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(manners)-250(to)-250(most)-250(of)-250(the)-250(brotherhood)-250(of)-250(Antinous.)]TJ 11.956 -15.899 Td [(Many)-565(another)-565(gift)-565(or)-564(bequest,)-644(of)-565(the)-565(same)-565(character)-564(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Marcellina)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.258 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s,)-230(meets)-225(the)-225(eye)-226(of)-225(the)-225(student)-225(of)-225(the)-225(inscriptions)-225(The)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -123.646 0 Td [([280])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(motives)-263(are)-263(singularly)-263(uniform)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.259 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(to)-263(repay)-263(the)-263(honours)-263(conferred)]TJ -146.168 -13.549 Td [(by)-251(a)-250(college,)-251(to)-251(celebrate)-251(the)-250(dedication)-251(of)-251(a)-250(statue,)-251(to)-251(save)-250(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forgetfulness)-329(a)-330(name)-329(which)-329(to)-329(us)-330(is)-329(only)-329(a)-330(bit)-329(of)-329(the)-329(wreckage)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-338(time.)-516(Everything)-338(is)-338(conventional)-339(about)-338(these)-338(bequests.)-515(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(money)-225(is)-226(nearly)-225(always)-225(left)-226(for)-225(the)-225(same)-226(purpose,)-230(an)-225(anniversary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(repast)-331(in)-330(honour)-331(of)-330(the)-331(humble)-331(dead,)-350(of)-331(the)-331(emperor,)-350(or)-331(of)-330(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patron)-245(gods.)-248(Sometimes)-245(the)-244(burial)-245(fee)-245(is)-244(refunded)-245(to)-245(the)-244(college,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-349(the)-349(prayer)-349(that)-350(on)-349(the)-349(natal)-349(day)-349(the)-349(poor)-349(pittance)-349(derived)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-271(the)-271(gift)-270(be)-271(spent)-271(on)-271(pious)-270(rites,)-276(with)-271(roses)-271(strewn)-271(upon)-270(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grave.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.957 3.958 Td [(1549)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.173 -3.958 Td [(Another)-372(will)-373(beg)-372(only)-373(that)-372(the)-373(lamp)-372(in)-373(the)-372(humble)]TJ -50.13 -13.55 Td [(vault)-288(may)-287(be)-288(kept)-287(for)-288(ever)-287(burning.)-363(These)-287(pieties)-288(and)-287(longings,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-316(have)-315(their)-316(roots)-315(in)-316(a)-315(rude)-316(pagan)-315(past)-316(before)-315(the)-316(dawn)-315(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(history,)-195(were)-181(destined)-181(to)-182(prolong)-181(their)-181(existence)-181(far)-181(into)-181(Christian)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.213 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.317 Td [(1547)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-416(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.338 0 Td [(6086,)-319(quisquis)-306(ex)-305(hoc)-305(collegio)-306(servus)-305(defunctus)-305(fuerit,)-319(etc.;)-333(cf.)]TJ -51.294 -10.959 Td [(the)-250(composition)-250(of)-250(the)-250(club)-250(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 109.587 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(2394.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.771 -7.395 Td [(1548)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ut)-250(quieti)-250(et)-250(hilares)-250(diebus)-250(solemnibus)-250(epulemur,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1549)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4107.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1567 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1568 0 R /Resources 1566 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1557 0 R >> endobj 1569 0 obj << /D [1567 0 R /XYZ 93.543 299.037 null] >> endobj 1566 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1572 0 obj << /Length 5863 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(341)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(times.)-293(The)-264(lamp)-264(will)-264(be)-264(kept)-264(burning)-265(over)-264(many)-264(a)-264(tomb)-264(of)-264(saint)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-353(martyr)-353(in)-353(the)-353(fourth)-353(or)-353(fifth)-353(century.)-559(And)-353(the)-353(simple)-353(feasts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-346(the)-345(clothworkers)-346(of)-345(Brescia,)-370(or)-345(the)-346(boatmen)-345(of)-346(Ostia)-345(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lyons,)-323(observed)-309(to)-309(do)-309(honour)-308(to)-309(some)-309(departed)-308(patron,)-324(will)-308(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(celebrated,)-379(often)-353(in)-353(riotous)-353(fashion,)-378(over)-353(the)-353(Christian)-353(dead)-353(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(days)-250(of)-250(S.)-250(Augustine)-250(and)-250(S.)-250(Paulinus)-250(of)-250(Nola.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.749 3.959 Td [(1550)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -203.793 -17.508 Td [(Dr.)-1460(Mommsen)-654(believes)-653(that)-654(the)-653(collegiate)-654(life)-653(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(blossomed)-194(forth)-193(so)-194(luxuriantly)-194(in)-193(the)-194(early)-194(Empire,)-205(was)-193(modelled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-239(the)-239(sacred)-239(union)-239(of)-239(the)-239(Roman)-239(family.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.351 3.958 Td [(1551)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.126 -3.958 Td [(And)-239(the)-239(instinct)-239(of)]TJ -199.477 -13.55 Td [(the)-210(Roman)-210(nature)-211(for)-210(continuity)-210(in)-210(institutions)-210(prepossesses)-210(us)-210(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(favour)-285(of)-286(the)-285(theory.)-357(In)-285(the)-286(college)-285(endowed)-286(by)-285(Marcellina)-285(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Zeno,)-279(there)-273(are)-274(a)-273(father)-273(and)-273(a)-273(mother,)-280(and)-273(elsewhere)-273(we)-273(read)-273(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(daughters)-253(of)-254(a)-253(college.)-261(The)-253(members)-254(sometimes)-253(call)-253(themselves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brethren)-186(and)-185(sisters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 86.15 3.958 Td [(1552)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.931 -3.958 Td [(One)-185(of)-186(the)-185(feasts)-186(of)-186(the)-185(brotherhood)-186(is)-185(on)]TJ -105.081 -13.55 Td [(the)-209(day)-210(sacred)-209(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.564 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(dear)-209(kinship,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 55.912 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.126 0 Td [(when)-209(relations)-210(gathered)-209(round)-209(a)]TJ -142.445 -13.549 Td [(common)-244(table,)-246(to)-244(forget)-245(in)-244(kindly)-244(intercourse)-245(any)-244(disturbance)-244(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affection.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.499 3.959 Td [(1553)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.652 -3.959 Td [(They)-295(also)-296(met)-295(in)-296(the)-295(early)-296(days)-295(of)-295(January,)-307(when)]TJ -62.151 -13.549 Td [(presents)-209(were)-209(exchanged.)-236(Above)-209(all,)-217(like)-209(the)-209(primal)-209(society,)-217(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gathered)-203(on)-203(the)-202(birthdays)-203(of)-203(the)-203(revered)-202(dead)-203(to)-203(whom)-203(they)-202(owed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(duty)-295(and)-294(remembrance.)-384(And)-295(in)-294(many)-295(cases)-295(the)-294(members)-295(of)-294(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(society)-230(reposed)-230(beside)-230(one)-231(another)-230(in)-230(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.083 3.959 Td [(1554)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.093 -3.959 Td [(The)-230(college)-230(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.848 0 Td [([281])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(a)-355(home)-355(of)-356(fraternal)-355(equality)-355(in)-355(one)-355(sense.)-566(As)-355(M.)-355(Boissier)-355(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pointed)-329(out,)-349(the)-329(members)-329(had)-329(equal)-329(rights)-329(in)-329(the)-329(full)-328(assembly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-312(the)-312(club.)-437(A)-312(quorum)-312(was)-312(needed)-312(to)-312(pass)-312(decrees)-312(and)-312(to)-312(elect)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-373(officers.)-618(And,)-404(in)-373(the)-373(full)-372(conclave,)-404(the)-373(slave)-373(member)-372(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-285(equal)-285(voice)-285(with)-285(the)-285(freeman,)-294(and)-285(might,)-294(perchance,)-293(himself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-220(be)-220(elected)-221(to)-220(a)-220(place)-220(of)-221(dignity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.686 3.959 Td [(1555)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.057 -3.959 Td [(He)-220(might)-220(thus,)-227(in)-220(a)-220(very)]TJ -176.743 -13.549 Td [(humble)-264(realm,)-268(wield)-264(authority)-264(for)-265(the)-264(time)-264(over)-264(those)-264(who)-264(were)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.823 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.926 Td [(1550)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-250(Paul.)-250(Nol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.826 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.909 0 Td [(xxvii.)-250(547-585;)-250(S.)-250(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 86.929 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(32;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.7 0 Td [(Serm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -225.413 -7.394 Td [(1551)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.323 -7.394 Td [(1552)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2417,)-250(4055,)-250(2392,)-250(3774,)-250(3815,)-250(1485,)-250(4134.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1553)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.551 0 Td [(2417,)-334(Item)-316(viii)-317(K.)-317(Mart.)-451(die)-316(Karae)-317(cognationis)-317(eodem)-317(loco)-317(dividerent)]TJ -24.506 -10.959 Td [(sportulas,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.395 Td [(1554)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2399,)-250(4073,)-250(4093.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(1555)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(i.)-250(1406;)-250(ii.)-250(5927.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1571 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1572 0 R /Resources 1570 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1557 0 R >> endobj 1573 0 obj << /D [1571 0 R /XYZ 147.009 247.191 null] >> endobj 1570 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1576 0 obj << /Length 6673 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(342)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(accustomed)-255(to)-254(despise)-255(him.)-264(It)-255(is)-255(true)-255(that)-254(he)-255(needed)-255(his)-254(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(leave)-375(to)-376(join)-375(a)-375(college,)-407(and)-375(his)-375(master)-375(had)-376(the)-375(legal)-375(power)-375(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deny)-248(to)-248(him)-249(the)-248(last)-248(boon)-248(of)-248(burial)-249(by)-248(the)-248(hands)-248(of)-248(his)-248(collegiate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brethren.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.077 3.958 Td [(1556)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.472 -3.958 Td [(Yet)-351(it)-351(was)-351(undoubtedly)-351(a)-351(great)-351(stride)-351(in)-351(advance)]TJ -61.549 -13.55 Td [(when)-270(a)-269(slave)-270(could)-270(sit)-269(at)-270(table)-270(or)-269(in)-270(council)-270(on)-269(equal)-270(terms)-269(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(free-born)-355(men,)-382(and)-355(might)-356(receive)-355(pious)-355(Roman)-356(burial,)-381(instead)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-392(being)-392(tossed)-392(like)-393(a)-392(piece)-392(of)-392(carrion)-392(into)-392(a)-392(nameless)-392(grave.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-401(society)-400(of)-401(one)-401(of)-400(these)-401(humble)-401(colleges)-400(must)-401(have)-400(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-279(the)-278(moment)-279(relieved)-278(the)-279(weariness)-278(and)-279(misery)-278(of)-279(the)-278(servile)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life,)-254(and)-254(awakened,)-254(or)-254(kept)-253(alive,)-255(some)-253(sense)-253(of)-254(self-respect)-253(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dignity.)-380(The)-293(slave)-293(may)-293(have)-293(now)-294(and)-293(then)-293(felt)-293(himself)-293(even)-293(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-395(edge)-395(of)-395(political)-395(influence,)-431(as)-395(when)-395(his)-395(college)-395(placarded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-381(sympathies)-381(in)-381(an)-380(election)-381(contest)-381(on)-381(the)-381(walls)-381(of)-380(Pompeii.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-339(we)-339(must)-339(not)-339(allow)-339(ourselves)-339(to)-339(be)-339(deceived)-339(by)-339(words)-338(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(appearances.)-293(In)-264(spite)-264(of)-264(legislative)-265(reform,)-267(in)-265(spite)-264(of)-264(a)-264(growing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(humane)-216(sentiment,)-223(whether)-215(in)-216(the)-216(Porch)-216(or)-216(the)-216(Christian)-215(Church,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-394(lot)-393(of)-394(the)-393(slave)-394(and)-393(of)-394(the)-394(poor)-393(plebeian)-394(will)-393(be)-394(in)-393(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respects)-367(as)-368(hopeless)-367(and)-368(degraded)-367(in)-368(the)-367(reign)-368(of)-367(Honorius)-367(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-361(was)-361(in)-361(the)-361(reign)-362(of)-361(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.189 3.958 Td [(1557)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.802 -3.958 Td [(Even)-361(in)-361(the)-361(reign)-361(of)-362(Trajan,)]TJ -153.991 -13.55 Td [(it)-380(is)-379(true,)-412(perhaps)-380(even)-380(in)-379(the)-380(reign)-380(of)-379(Nero,)-412(there)-380(were)-379(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(houses)-347(like)-347(the)-347(younger)-347(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 133.316 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s,)-371(where)-347(the)-347(slaves)-347(were)-347(treated)]TJ -136.949 -13.549 Td [(as)-311(humble)-311(friends,)-326(where)-311(their)-311(weddings)-311(were)-311(honoured)-311(by)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presence)-279(of)-279(the)-279(master,)-287(where,)-286(in)-279(spite)-279(of)-279(legal)-279(disabilities,)-286(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-368(allowed)-368(to)-368(dispose)-368(of)-367(their)-368(savings)-368(by)-368(will.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.477 3.959 Td [(1558)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.024 -3.959 Td [(And)-368(the)]TJ -244.501 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-383(record)-383(the)-382(gratitude)-383(and)-383(affection)-383(to)-383(their)-382(masters)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([282])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(and)-285(mistresses)-286(of)-285(many)-285(who)-285(were)-285(in)-286(actual)-285(slavery,)-294(or)-285(who)-285(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-368(just)-369(emerged)-368(from)-369(it.)-605(But)-369(these)-368(instances)-369(cannot)-368(make)-368(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forget)-323(the)-323(cruel)-323(contempt)-323(and)-323(barbarity)-323(of)-323(which)-323(the)-323(slave)-323(was)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.089 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.193 Td [(1556)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(De)-250(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.628 0 Td [(p.)-250(102;)-250(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.087 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(viii.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -142.232 -7.394 Td [(1557)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(For)-308(the)-309(contempt)-308(for)-309(slaves)-308(in)-309(the)-308(fourth)-309(and)-308(fifth)-309(centuries,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 222.552 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.988 0 Td [(S.)-308(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -243.496 -10.959 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.927 0 Td [(54,)-317(\247)-304(5;)-331(Salv.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.07 0 Td [(De)-304(Gub.)-411(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.495 0 Td [(,)-317(iv.)-411(26.)-412(For)-303(humaner)-304(sentiment,)-317(cf.)-411(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -115.492 -10.959 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.943 0 Td [(i.)-250(11,)-250(12)-250(sqq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.063 0 Td [(C.)-250(Theod.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(ix.)-250(6,)-250(2,)-250(3,)-250(vii.)-250(13,)-250(8;)-250(ix.)-250(7,)-250(4;)-250(ix.)-250(9,)-250(1;)-250(ix.)-250(12,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.108 -7.394 Td [(1558)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.113 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.837 0 Td [(viii.)-381(16,)-305(\247)-294(1;)-315(on)-294(the)-294(more)-293(humane)-294(feeling)-294(to)-294(slaves,)-304(cf.)-382(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 221.521 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -268.427 -10.959 Td [(47;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.421 0 Td [(De)-303(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.133 0 Td [(,)-317(iii.)-410(24,)-317(32;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.953 0 Td [(De)-304(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.068 0 Td [(i.)-411(18;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.836 0 Td [(De)-303(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.082 0 Td [(iii.)-410(18,)-317(19,)-317(20;)-331(Juv.)-410(xiv.)-411(16;)]TJ -177.493 -10.959 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.412 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(18;)-250(Wallon,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.045 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Esclav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(i.)-250(c.)-250(11;)-250(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.045 0 Td [(Pr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(i.)-250(177.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1575 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1576 0 R /Resources 1574 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1557 0 R >> endobj 1577 0 obj << /D [1575 0 R /XYZ 241.135 192.994 null] >> endobj 1574 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1580 0 obj << /Length 4889 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(343)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(still)-234(the)-234(victim,)-237(and)-234(which)-234(was)-233(to)-234(be)-234(his)-234(lot)-234(for)-234(many)-233(generations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-453(to)-452(run.)-858(And)-452(therefore)-452(the)-453(improvement)-452(in)-453(the)-452(condition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-385(the)-384(slave)-385(or)-384(of)-385(his)-384(poor)-384(plebeian)-385(brother)-384(by)-385(the)-384(theoretical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(equality)-480(in)-481(the)-480(colleges,)-538(may)-480(be)-480(easily)-480(exaggerated.)-941(In)-480(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(humblest)-242(of)-242(these)-242(clubs,)-244(the)-242(distribution)-242(of)-242(good)-242(fare)-241(and)-242(money)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-325(not)-324(according)-325(to)-325(the)-324(needs)-325(of)-324(the)-325(members,)-343(but)-325(regulated)-324(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-341(social)-341(and)-341(official)-341(rank.)-523(We)-341(cannot)-341(feel)-341(confident)-341(that)-340(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-241(intercourse)-242(the)-241(same)-242(distinction)-241(may)-241(not)-242(have)-241(been)-241(coldly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observed.)-252(In)-251(modern)-251(times)-250(we)-251(often)-251(see)-251(a)-250(readiness)-251(to)-251(accord)-250(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(equality)-206(of)-207(material)-206(enjoyment,)-215(along)-207(with)-206(a)-207(stiff)-206(guardianship)-206(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-327(distinctions)-327(which)-328(are)-327(often)-327(microscopic)-327(to)-327(the)-327(detached)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observer.)-661(And)-387(it)-387(would)-387(not)-387(be)-387(surprising)-387(to)-387(discover)-387(that)-386(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.759 0 Td [(or)-359(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.249 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mother)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.906 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.759 0 Td [(of)-359(the)-359(college)-359(of)-359(Antinous)-359(protected)]TJ -117.445 -13.549 Td [(their)-250(dignity)-250(by)-250(an)-250(icy)-250(reserve)-250(at)-250(its)-250(festive)-250(meetings.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(The)-371(question)-371(has)-371(been)-371(raised)-371(whether)-371(the)-371(ordinary)-371(col)1(leges)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(were)-352(in)-351(any)-352(sense)-351(charitable)-352(instituti)1(ons)-352(for)-351(mutual)-352(help.)-554(And)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(certainly)-417(the)-418(inscriptions)-417(are)-418(singularly)-417(wanting)-418(in)-417(records)-417(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bequests)-455(made)-455(directly)-455(for)-455(the)-455(relief)-455(of)-455(poverty,)-506(for)-455(widows)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-466(orphans)-466(or)-465(the)-466(sick.)-898(The)-465(donations)-466(or)-466(bequests)-466(of)-465(rich)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patrons)-524(seem)-525(to)-524(have)-524(had)-524(chiefly)-525(two)-524(objects)-524(in)-525(view,)-592(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commemoration)-427(of)-426(the)-427(dead)-426(and)-427(the)-427(provision)-426(for)-427(social)-426(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(convivial)-321(enjoyment.)-461(It)-321(is)-320(true)-321(that,)-338(just)-321(as)-320(in)-321(municipal)-320(feasts,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(there)-395(is)-395(often)-395(a)-395(distribution)-395(of)-395(money)-395(among)-395(the)-395(members)-394(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colleges.)-646(But)-382(this)-382(appears)-382(to)-382(be)-382(deprived)-382(of)-382(an)-381(eleemosynary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-242(by)-241(the)-242(fact)-242(that)-241(by)-242(far)-241(the)-242(largest)-242(shares)-241(are)-242(assigned)-241(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-232(who)-233(were)-232(presumably)-233(the)-232(least)-233(in)-232(need)-233(of)-232(them.)-244(Yet)-233(it)-232(is)-232(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-309(recollected)-309(that)-308(we)-309(probably)-309(have)-309(left)-308(to)-309(us)-309(the)-309(memorial)-308(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)-302(a)-302(small)-301(proportion)-302(of)-302(these)-302(gifts,)-315(and)-301(that,)-315(if)-302(we)-302(had)-302(a)-301(full)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(list)-337(of)-337(all)-336(the)-337(benefactions)-337(bequeathed)-336(to)-337(some)-337(of)-337(the)-336(colleges,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-294(total)-293(amount)-294(received)-293(by)-294(each)-294(member)-293(in)-294(the)-293(year)-294(might)-293(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-232(considerable,)-236(if)-232(judged)-232(by)-232(the)-232(standard)-232(of)-231(ordinary)-232(plebeian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incomes.)-536(To)-345(the)-345(ambitious)-346(slave)-345(any)-345(addition,)-369(however)-345(small,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-410(his)-410(growing)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 71.001 0 Td [(peculium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.993 0 Td [(,)-450(which)-410(might)-410(enable)-411(him)-410(to)-410(buy)-410(his)]TJ -110.994 -13.549 Td [(freedom,)-250(would)-250(certainly)-250(be)-250(grateful.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1579 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1580 0 R /Resources 1578 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1581 0 R >> endobj 1578 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1584 0 obj << /Length 5757 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(344)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(There)-697(is)-697(one)-698(class)-697(of)-697(colleges,)-809(however,)-809(which)-697(were)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(undoubtedly)-417(formed)-418(to)-417(meet)-418(various)-417(exigencies)-418(in)-417(the)-417(course)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([283])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-212(life,)-219(as)-212(well)-212(as)-212(to)-211(make)-212(a)-212(provision)-212(for)-212(decent)-211(burial.)-238(These)-211(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-173(military)-173(clubs,)-189(on)-173(the)-173(objects)-174(and)-173(constitution)-173(of)-173(which)-173(a)-173(flood)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-324(light)-325(has)-324(been)-325(thrown)-324(by)-324(the)-325(study)-324(of)-324(the)-325(inscriptions)-324(in)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-184(legionary)-183(camps)-184(of)-183(North)-184(Africa.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.025 3.959 Td [(1559)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.925 -3.959 Td [(A)-183(passage)-184(of)-184(Vegetius)]TJ -184.95 -13.549 Td [(shows)-397(us)-396(the)-397(provident)-397(arrangement)-396(made)-397(by)-397(government)-396(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-347(future)-347(of)-347(the)-348(ordinary)-347(legionary.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.626 3.959 Td [(1560)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.344 -3.959 Td [(It)-347(is)-347(well)-347(known)-348(that,)]TJ -183.97 -13.549 Td [(on)-315(the)-315(accession)-316(of)-315(each)-315(new)-315(emperor,)-332(or)-315(on)-315(the)-315(occurrence)-315(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(some)-345(interesting)-346(event)-345(in)-345(the)-346(history)-345(of)-346(the)-345(prince)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 224.66 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-345(family,)-370(or)]TJ -228.293 -13.549 Td [(of)-281(some)-281(great)-280(military)-281(success,)-288(and)-281(often)-281(without)-281(any)-280(particular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(justification,)-305(a)-293(donative)-294(was)-294(distributed)-294(throughout)-293(the)-294(army.)-381(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-295(reached)-294(a)-295(considerable)-295(amount,)-305(ranging)-295(from)-295(the)-294(25)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(denarii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.486 0 Td [(granted)-364(by)-364(Vespasian,)-392(to)-364(the)-364(5000)-364(of)-364(M.)-364(Aurelius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 228.706 3.958 Td [(1561)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(One)-389(half)-389(of)-389(this)-389(largess)-389(was)-389(by)-389(orders)-389(set)-389(aside,)-423(and)-389(retained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-311(the)-311(custody)-311(of)-311(the)-311(standard-bearers,)-326(to)-311(provide)-311(a)-310(pension)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-484(the)-484(soldier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.496 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-484(retirement)-484(from)-484(the)-484(service.)-952(Another)-484(fund,)]TJ -68.128 -13.549 Td [(entirely)-201(different,)-211(was)-201(formed)-201(by)-201(the)-201(soldiers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 193.522 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 5.825 0 Td [(own)-201(contributions,)]TJ -199.347 -13.549 Td [(to)-268(furnish)-269(a)-268(decent)-268(burial)-269(for)-268(those)-268(who)-269(died)-268(on)-268(service.)-305(But)-268(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(law)-297(against)-297(the)-297(formation)-297(of)-297(colleges)-297(fell)-297(with)-297(peculiar)-297(severity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-447(the)-446(soldier.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.408 3.959 Td [(1562)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.604 -3.959 Td [(Not)-447(even)-446(for)-447(a)-447(religious)-447(purpose)-446(was)-447(he)]TJ -92.012 -13.549 Td [(permitted)-448(to)-448(join)-449(such)-448(a)-448(society.)-845(This)-448(prohibition,)-497(however,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-473(to)-473(have)-473(been)-473(relaxed)-473(in)-473(the)-473(case)-473(of)-474(the)-473(officers,)-528(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-280(of)-280(the)-280(more)-280(highly)-280(skilled)-280(corps.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.525 3.959 Td [(1563)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.146 -3.959 Td [(And)-280(we)-280(have)-280(among)]TJ -189.671 -13.549 Td [(the)-303(inscriptions)-304(of)-303(Lambaesis)-303(a)-303(few)-304(instructive)-303(records)-303(of)-303(these)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(military)-250(colleges.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 75.753 3.959 Td [(1564)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -63.798 -18.183 Td [(Lambaesis,)-339(as)-321(we)-321(have)-321(seen,)-339(was)-321(one)-321(of)-321(those)-321(camps)-321(which)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.782 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.885 Td [(1559)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cagnat,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Arm\351e)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.562 0 Td [(pp.)-250(457)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.113 -7.394 Td [(1560)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Veget.)-250(ii.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(1561)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-227(Cass.)-242(65.)-242(22;)-234(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 89.857 0 Td [(M.)-227(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.47 0 Td [(c.)-242(7;)-235(D.)-226(Cass.)-242(73.)-243(8;)-234(Cagnat,)-231(p.)-242(459;)-235(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -130.283 -10.959 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.378 0 Td [(ii.)-250(pp.)-250(136,)-250(543.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -35.117 -7.394 Td [(1562)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-451(Marcian)-317(ap.)-451(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 98.894 0 Td [(De)-317(Coll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.829 0 Td [(p.)-451(87,)-334(neve)-316(milites)-317(collegia)-317(in)-317(castris)]TJ -144.679 -10.959 Td [(habeant.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.395 Td [(1563)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cagnat,)-250(p.)-250(463.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(1564)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(2552-7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1583 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1584 0 R /Resources 1582 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1581 0 R >> endobj 1585 0 obj << /D [1583 0 R /XYZ 104.452 504.626 null] >> endobj 1582 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1588 0 obj << /Length 5736 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(345)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(developed)-375(into)-376(a)-375(regular)-376(municipality,)-406(after)-376(the)-375(recognition)-375(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soldiers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.939 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.704 0 Td [(marriages)-282(by)-281(Septimius)-282(Severus.)-345(Henceforth)-281(the)-282(camp)]TJ -40.643 -13.549 Td [(became)-317(only)-316(a)-317(place)-316(of)-317(drill)-316(and)-317(exercise,)-333(and)-317(ceased)-316(to)-317(be)-316(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soldier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.695 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-242(home.)-247(And)-242(on)-241(the)-242(ground)-242(where)-241(the)-242(soldiers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 200.215 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.269 0 Td [(huts)-242(used)]TJ -239.812 -13.55 Td [(to)-325(stand,)-345(there)-325(are)-325(left)-326(the)-325(remains)-326(of)-325(a)-325(number)-326(of)-325(buildings)-325(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(basilica)-318(shape,)-335(erected)-318(probably)-318(in)-318(the)-318(third)-318(century,)-335(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-299(the)-300(club-houses)-299(of)-300(the)-299(officers)-299(of)-300(the)-299(Tertia)-299(Augusta.)-398(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interior)-245(was)-244(adorned)-244(with)-245(statues)-244(of)-245(imperial)-244(personages,)-246(and)-244(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(wall)-275(was)-275(inscribed)-275(the)-275(law)-275(of)-275(the)-275(college,)-281(commencing)-275(with)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([284])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(an)-240(expression)-239(of)-240(gratitude)-240(for)-240(the)-239(very)-240(liberal)-240(pay)-240(which)-239(enabled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-292(college)-291(to)-292(make)-291(provision)-292(for)-291(the)-292(future)-291(of)-292(its)-292(members.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.191 3.959 Td [(1565)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.191 -17.508 Td [(The)-316(provision)-316(was)-316(made)-316(in)-316(various)-316(ways.)-448(An)-316(ambitious)-316(young)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(officer)-345(was)-346(allowed)-345(a)-345(liberal)-346(viaticum)-345(for)-345(a)-346(journey)-345(across)-345(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sea)-312(to)-313(seek)-312(promotion.)-438(If)-312(promotion)-312(came,)-328(he)-313(received)-312(another)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(grant)-306(to)-306(equip)-306(him.)-418(One)-306(half)-306(the)-306(amount)-306(granted)-306(in)-306(these)-306(cases)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-278(mercifully)-278(paid)-279(to)-278(him)-278(in)-278(the)-279(unpleasant)-278(contingency)-278(of)-278(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(losing)-324(his)-324(grade.)-472(If)-324(he)-324(died)-324(on)-324(active)-324(service,)-342(his)-324(heir)-324(received)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-277(payment)-278(on)-277(the)-278(larger)-277(scale.)-332(And,)-284(when)-278(a)-277(man,)-285(in)-277(due)-277(course,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(retired)-246(from)-245(the)-246(army,)-247(he)-245(received)-246(the)-246(same)-245(sum)-246(under)-246(the)-245(name)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 11.814 0 Td [(anularium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 45.458 0 Td [(,)-250(which)-250(has)-250(puzzled)-250(the)-250(antiquary.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.756 3.959 Td [(1566)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -194.073 -22.078 Td [(It)-367(has)-366(been)-367(maintained)-366(that)-367(these)-367(military)-366(clubs)-367(were)-366(really)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(and)-386(primarily)-385(funerary)-386(societies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.227 3.959 Td [(1567)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.608 -3.959 Td [(And)-386(provision)-385(for)-386(burial)]TJ -169.835 -13.549 Td [(was)-309(certainly)-309(one)-309(of)-309(their)-309(objects.)-427(Yet,)-324(on)-309(a)-309(reading)-309(of)-309(the)-309(law)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(the)-295(society)-295(of)-295(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 91.828 0 Td [(Cornicines)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.88 0 Td [(,)-306(it)-295(may)-295(be)-295(doubted)-295(whether)-295(the)]TJ -139.708 -13.549 Td [(subject)-266(of)-266(burial)-266(is)-266(more)-266(prominent)-266(than)-266(the)-266(other)-266(contingencies)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-259(the)-260(officer)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.148 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-259(life,)-262(and)-259(in)-260(some)-259(of)-259(the)-260(inscriptions,)-261(burial)-259(is)-260(not)]TJ -60.781 -13.55 Td [(even)-309(alluded)-310(to.)-428(The)-310(grant)-309(on)-310(retirement)-309(or)-310(promotion,)-324(and)-309(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grant)-351(to)-350(his)-351(heir)-350(on)-351(the)-351(death)-350(of)-351(a)-351(member,)-375(are)-351(the)-351(same.)-551(But)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.131 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.234 Td [(1565)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cagnat,)-320(pp.)-419(467,)-321(540;)-334(cf.)-419(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 130.333 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Afr.)-419(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.882 0 Td [(p.)-419(111.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.931 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.423 0 Td [(viii.)-419(2554,)]TJ -242.496 -10.959 Td [(optiones)-337(scholam)-338(suam)-337(cum)-337(statuis)-337(et)-338(imaginibus)-337(domus)-337(div.)-512(ex)-337(largissimis)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(stipendiis)-250(...)-250(fecerunt,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.395 Td [(1566)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.254 0 Td [(viii.)-362(2552,)-297(3,)-297(4;)-306(2557,)-297(iii.)-363(3524;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 118.373 0 Td [(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.246 0 Td [(6790;)-306(Cagnat,)-297(p.)-362(472;)-307(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -176.828 -10.959 Td [(R\366m.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.377 0 Td [(ii.)-250(544.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -35.117 -7.394 Td [(1567)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cagnat,)-250(p.)-250(474.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1587 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1588 0 R /Resources 1586 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1581 0 R >> endobj 1589 0 obj << /D [1587 0 R /XYZ 248.648 409.782 null] >> endobj 1590 0 obj << /D [1587 0 R /XYZ 154.68 121.425 null] >> endobj 1586 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1593 0 obj << /Length 5377 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(346)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(probably)-329(the)-328(majority)-329(of)-328(officers)-329(had)-328(the)-329(good)-328(fortune)-329(to)-328(carry)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-269(money)-270(with)-269(them)-270(into)-269(peaceful)-270(retirement,)-274(if)-270(not)-269(into)-269(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rank)-410(in)-410(another)-411(corps.)-730(In)-410(this)-411(case)-410(they)-410(would)-410(probably)-410(join)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-235(college,)-238(whether)-235(of)-235(soldiers)-235(or)-235(veterans,)-238(and)-235(secure)-235(once)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-356(the)-355(all-important)-356(object)-355(of)-356(a)-356(decent)-355(and)-356(pious)-355(interment.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-297(military)-297(clubs)-297(seem)-297(rather)-297(intended)-297(to)-297(furnish)-297(an)-297(insurance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-458(the)-457(principal)-458(risks)-457(and)-457(occasions)-458(of)-457(expenditure)-458(in)-457(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soldier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.695 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-258(career.)-274(A)-259(calculation)-258(shows)-258(that,)-260(after)-258(providing)-258(for)-258(all)]TJ -33.328 -13.549 Td [(these)-181(liabilities,)-195(the)-181(military)-182(college)-181(must)-181(have)-181(had)-181(a)-181(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(surplus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.244 3.959 Td [(1568)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.273 -3.959 Td [(How)-284(it)-284(was)-284(spent,)-292(it)-284(is)-284(not)-283(hazardous)-284(to)-284(conjecture.)]TJ -54.517 -13.549 Td [(If)-434(the)-434(poor)-434(freedmen)-434(and)-434(slaves)-434(at)-434(Ostia)-434(or)-434(Lanuvium)-434(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(afford)-327(their)-326(modest)-327(meals,)-346(with)-326(a)-327(fair)-327(allowance)-326(of)-327(good)-326(wine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drunk)-290(to)-291(the)-290(memory)-290(of)-291(a)-290(generous)-290(benefactor,)-301(we)-290(may)-290(be)-290(sure)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([285])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(that)-306(the)-306(college)-306(of)-307(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 100.317 0 Td [(Cornicines)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.22 0 Td [(at)-306(Lambesi)-306(would)-306(relieve)-307(the)]TJ -151.537 -13.55 Td [(tedium)-364(of)-364(the)-364(camp)-364(by)-364(many)-365(a)-364(pleasant)-364(mess)-364(dinner,)-392(and)-364(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-254(would)-254(have)-254(been)-253(astonished)-254(and)-254(amused)-254(on)-254(such)-253(occasions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(hear)-250(themselves)-250(described)-250(merely)-250(as)-250(a)-250(burial)-250(society.)]TJ 11.956 -18.225 Td [(The)-447(foundation)-447(law)-446(of)-447(the)-447(college)-447(of)-447(Diana)-447(and)-446(Antinous)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(betrays)-396(some)-395(anxiety)-396(lest)-395(the)-395(continuity)-396(of)-395(the)-396(society)-395(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-379(broken.)-635(And)-378(in)-379(many)-378(a)-379(bequest,)-411(the)-378(greatest)-378(care)-379(is)-378(taken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-295(prevent)-295(malversation)-295(or)-295(the)-295(diversion)-295(of)-295(the)-295(funds)-295(from)-295(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(original)-440(purpose.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.001 3.958 Td [(1569)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.374 -3.958 Td [(We)-440(feel)-439(a)-440(certain)-440(pathetic)-440(curiosity,)-487(in)]TJ -101.375 -13.55 Td [(reading)-367(these)-368(records)-367(of)-368(a)-367(futile)-368(effort)-367(to)-368(prolong)-367(the)-367(memory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-299(obscure)-298(lives,)-311(to)-299(know)-298(how)-299(long)-298(the)-299(brotherhoods)-298(continued)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-264(meetings,)-268(or)-264(when)-265(the)-264(stated)-264(offerings)-265(of)-264(wine)-264(and)-264(flowers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ceased)-404(to)-405(be)-404(made.)-714(In)-404(one)-404(case)-405(the)-404(curiosity)-405(is)-404(satisfied)-404(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-334(have)-334(before)-335(our)-334(eyes)-334(the)-334(formal)-335(record)-334(of)-334(the)-334(extinction)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-356(college.)-566(It)-356(is)-356(contained)-355(in)-356(a)-355(pair)-356(of)-356(wooden)-355(tablets)-356(found)-355(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 131.886 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 124.99 Td [(1568)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(The)-314(Cornicines)-314(of)-314(the)-314(3rd)-314(Legion)-314(at)-314(Lambesi)-314(paid)-314(an)-314(entrance)-315(fee)-314(of)-314(750)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(denarii)-199(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.667 0 Td [(Scamnari)-199(nomine)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.546 0 Td [(\051.)-233(The)-198(anularium)-199(on)-199(retirement,)-209(and)-198(the)-199(funeraticium,)]TJ -92.213 -10.959 Td [(were)-230(each)-230(500)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.478 0 Td [(denarii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(.)-243(It)-230(would)-230(seem)-229(that)-230(there)-230(must)-230(have)-229(been)-230(a)-230(considerable)]TJ -79.381 -10.959 Td [(surplus.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.387 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(2557.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.044 -7.394 Td [(1569)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-221(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.33 0 Td [(6086,)-182(universi)-164(consentire)-164(debemus)-165(ut)-164(longo)-164(tempore)-165(inveterescere)]TJ -48.286 -10.959 Td [(possimus;)-250(cf.)-250(4357,)-250(4360,)-250(4366,)-250(4386,)-250(4395.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1592 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1593 0 R /Resources 1591 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1581 0 R >> endobj 1594 0 obj << /D [1592 0 R /XYZ 252.654 355.585 null] >> endobj 1591 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1597 0 obj << /Length 4289 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(colleges)-250(and)-250(plebeian)-250(life)-10728(347)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(some)-287(quarry)-287(pits)-287(near)-287(Alburnus,)-296(a)-287(remote)-287(village)-287(of)-287(Dacia.)-360(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(document)-440(was)-441(drawn)-440(up,)-488(as)-440(the)-440(names)-441(of)-440(the)-440(consuls)-440(show,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-394(the)-394(year)-394(167,)-429(the)-394(year)-394(following)-394(the)-394(fierce)-394(irruption)-394(of)-393(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Quadi)-466(and)-465(Marcomanni)-466(into)-466(Dacia,)-519(Pannonia,)-520(and)-465(Noricum,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-403(which)-402(Alburnus)-403(was)-402(given)-403(to)-402(the)-403(flames.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.326 3.959 Td [(1570)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.159 -3.959 Td [(Artemidorus)]TJ -225.485 -13.549 Td [(the)-416(slave)-416(of)-416(Apollonius,)-457(and)-416(Master)-416(of)-416(the)-416(college)-416(of)-415(Jupiter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cernenius,)-210(along)-201(with)-200(the)-200(two)-201(quaestors,)-210(places)-200(it)-201(on)-200(record,)-210(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-281(attestation)-280(of)-280(seven)-281(witnesses,)-288(that)-281(the)-280(college)-280(has)-281(ceased)-280(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exist.)-267(Out)-255(of)-256(a)-255(membership)-256(of)-255(fifty-four,)-257(only)-256(seventeen)-255(remain.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-384(colleague)-383(of)-384(Artemidorus)-383(in)-383(the)-384(mastership)-383(has)-384(never)-383(set)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foot)-422(in)-423(Alburnus)-422(since)-422(his)-423(election.)-767(The)-422(accounts)-422(have)-422(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wound)-336(up,)-357(and)-336(no)-336(balance)-336(is)-336(left)-336(in)-336(the)-336(chest.)-508(For)-336(a)-336(long)-335(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-386(member)-386(has)-386(attended)-387(on)-386(the)-386(days)-386(fixed)-386(for)-386(meetings,)-420(and,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-446(a)-445(matter)-446(of)-445(course,)-495(no)-445(subscriptions)-446(have)-445(been)-446(paid.)-836(All)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(this)-353(is)-353(expressed)-352(in)-353(the)-353(rudest,)-378(most)-353(ungrammatical)-353(Latin,)-378(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Artemidorus)-421(quaintly)-420(concludes)-421(by)-420(saying,)-463(that,)-463(if)-421(a)-420(member)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-443(just)-443(died,)-492(he)-443(must)-443(not)-443(imagine)-443(that)-443(he)-443(has)-443(any)-443(longer)-443(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(college)-294(or)-293(any)-294(claim)-293(to)-294(funeral)-294(payments!)-380(The)-294(humble)-293(brothers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(the)-294(society,)-306(whom)-295(Artemidorus)-294(reproaches)-295(for)-295(their)-294(faithless)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([286])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(negligence,)-349(may)-329(probably)-329(have)-329(fled)-329(to)-329(some)-329(refuge)-329(when)-328(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(masters)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.328 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.685 0 Td [(lands)-463(were)-463(devastated)-463(by)-464(the)-463(Marcomanni,)-516(or)-463(been)]TJ -42.013 -13.549 Td [(swept)-390(on)-389(in)-390(the)-390(fierce)-389(torrent)-390(of)-390(invaders)-389(which)-390(finally)-389(broke)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upon)-250(the)-250(walls)-250(of)-250(Aquileia.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.683 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 113.787 Td [(1570)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(The)-264(diptych,)-268(which)-265(has)-264(been)-265(singularly)-264(preserved,)-268(was)-264(found)-265(in)-264(a)-265(deserted)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(mine)-399(or)-400(quarry)-399(about)-400(1780,)-436(along)-400(with)-399(some)-400(other)-399(private)-399(documents)-400(of)-399(a)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(commercial)-267(character;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 82.536 0 Td [(v.)-267(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.684 0 Td [(iii.)-300(p.)-301(213,)-271(and)-267(921.)-300(The)-267(dates)-267(range)-267(from)-266(131)]TJ -114.22 -10.959 Td [(to)-286(167)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 25.553 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.541 0 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.415 0 Td [(Or.)-358(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.641 0 Td [(6087;)-304(Schiller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.929 0 Td [(Gesch.)-358(der)-286(r\366m.)-357(Kaiserzeit)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 98.632 0 Td [(,)-295(i.)-357(2,)-295(p.)]TJ -251.71 -10.959 Td [(643.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1596 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1597 0 R /Resources 1595 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1581 0 R >> endobj 1598 0 obj << /D [1596 0 R /XYZ 143.075 274.29 null] >> endobj 1595 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1601 0 obj << /Length 32 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G endstream endobj 1600 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1601 0 R /Resources 1599 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1581 0 R >> endobj 1599 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF ] >> endobj 1602 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index11) >> endobj 1605 0 obj (Book III. Nec philosophia sine virtute est nec sine philosophia virtus) endobj 1608 0 obj << /Length 345 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([287])]TJ/F16 18.9589 Tf -192.056 -64.318 Td [(BOOK)-280(III.)]TJ/F23 15.7808 Tf -94.145 -55.097 Td [(NEC)-251(PHILOSOPHIA)-252(SINE)-251(VIRTUTE)-252(EST)]TJ 20.256 -20.515 Td [(NEC)-258(SINE)-257(PHILOSOPHIA)-258(VIRTUS)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 265.945 -15.993 Td [([288])]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1607 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1608 0 R /Resources 1606 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1611 0 R >> endobj 1609 0 obj << /D [1607 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 1603 0 obj << /D [1607 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 1610 0 obj << /D [1607 0 R /XYZ 46.771 356.888 null] >> endobj 1606 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1614 0 obj << /Length 32 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G endstream endobj 1613 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1614 0 R /Resources 1612 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1611 0 R >> endobj 1612 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF ] >> endobj 1615 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index12) >> endobj 1618 0 obj (I. The philosophic director) endobj 1621 0 obj << /Length 4426 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([289])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf -191.494 -30.823 Td [(CHAPTER)-280(I)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -51.093 -45.823 Td [(THE)-265(PHILOSOPHIC)-264(DIRECTOR)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -48.437 -26.603 Td [(Philosophy)-233(in)-233(the)-233(time)-232(of)-233(Seneca)-233(was)-233(a)-233(very)-233(different)-233(thing)-232(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(great)-330(cosmic)-329(systems)-330(of)-329(Ionia)-330(and)-329(Magna)-330(Graecia,)-349(or)-329(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-306(the)-306(system)-306(of)-306(the)-306(older)-306(Stoicism.)-418(Speculative)-306(interest)-305(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-319(before)-318(his)-319(time)-318(given)-319(way)-319(to)-318(the)-319(study)-318(of)-319(moral)-318(problems)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-382(a)-383(definite)-382(practical)-383(aim.)-647(If)-383(the)-382(stimulus)-383(of)-382(the)-382(searching)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(method)-401(of)-401(Socrates)-400(gave)-401(an)-401(impetus)-400(for)-401(a)-401(century)-401(to)-400(abstract)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(speculation,)-195(it)-182(had)-181(an)-181(even)-182(more)-181(decided)-182(and)-181(long-lived)-181(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-334(diverting)-333(thought)-334(to)-333(moral)-334(quest)1(ions)-334(from)-333(the)-334(old)-333(ambitious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paths.)-807(His)-436(disciples)-436(Antisthenes)-435(and)-436(Aristippus)-436(prepared)-435(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(way)-359(for)-358(the)-359(Stoic)-359(and)-359(Epicurean)-358(schools)-359(which)-359(dominated)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-379(world)-379(in)-380(the)-379(last)-379(century)-379(of)-380(the)-379(Republic)-379(and)-379(the)-379(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-352(the)-351(Empire.)-555(And)-351(even)-351(Plato)-352(and)-351(Aristotle)-352(indirectly)-351(helped)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forward)-253(the)-252(movement.)-258(It)-253(is)-252(not)-253(merely)-252(that,)-254(for)-252(both)-253(these)-252(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirits,)-484(the)-437(cultivation)-437(of)-437(character)-437(and)-437(the)-437(reform)-437(of)-436(society)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-376(a)-377(profound)-376(interest.)-630(But)-376(even)-377(in)-376(their)-376(metaphysics,)-408(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-206(paving)-207(the)-206(way)-207(for)-206(the)-207(more)-206(introspective)-207(and)-206(practical)-206(turn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-348(was)-348(taken)-348(by)-348(post-Aristotelian)-348(philosophy,)-372(by)-348(giving)-348(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(what)-323(were)-323(mere)-323(conceptions)-324(of)-323(the)-323(mind)-323(a)-323(more)-323(real)-323(existence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-186(to)-185(the)-186(things)-185(of)-186(sense.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.839 3.958 Td [(1571)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.931 -3.958 Td [(The)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.987 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(ideas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.867 0 Td [(or)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 11.111 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(forms)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.451 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.867 0 Td [(which)-186(they)]TJ -233.159 -13.55 Td [(contrast)-353(with)-353(the)-353(world)-353(of)-353(concrete)-353(things,)-379(are)-352(really)-353(creations)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 142.601 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 135.704 Td [(1571)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-319(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.479 0 Td [(Phil.)-458(der)-319(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.108 0 Td [(iii.)-457(1,)-337(13,)-336(14,)-337(Jener)-319(dualistische)-319(Idealismus,)]TJ -120.543 -10.958 Td [(welchen)-200(Plato)-200(begr\374ndet,)-210(und)-200(auch)-199(Aristoteles)-200(nicht)-200(grunds\344tzlich)-200(\374berwunden)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(hatte,)-175(f\374hrt)-157(in)-157(letzter)-157(Beziehung)-156(auf)-157(nichts)-157(anderes)-157(zur\374ck,)-175(als)-157(auf)-156(den)-157(Gegensatz)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(des)-271(Inneren)-271(und)-271(Aeusseren)-270(des)-271(Denkens)-271(und)-271(der)-271(gegenst\344ndlichen)-271(Welt....)-312(Es)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(war)-440(nur)-439(ein)-439(Schritt)-440(weiter)-439(in)-440(dieser)-439(Richtung,)-487(wenn)-440(die)-439(nacharistotelische)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Philosophie)-262(den)-262(Menschen)-262(in)-262(grunds\344tzlicher)-263(Abkehr)-262(von)-262(der)-262(Aussenwelt)-262(auf)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(sich)-250(selbst)-250(wies,)-250(um)-250(in)-250(seinem)-250(Innern)-250(die)-250(Befriedigung)-250(zu)-250(suchen,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1620 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1621 0 R /Resources 1619 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1611 0 R >> endobj 1616 0 obj << /D [1620 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 104 0 obj << /D [1620 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 1622 0 obj << /D [1620 0 R /XYZ 68.016 109.978 null] >> endobj 1619 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1625 0 obj << /Length 5924 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(352)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-379(the)-379(individual)-379(mind)-379(of)-379(which)-379(the)-379(reality)-379(must)-379(be)-379(sought)-379(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-244(depths)-245(of)-244(consciousness,)-246(however)-244(they)-244(may)-245(be)-244(divinised)-244(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([290])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(elevated)-192(to)-192(some)-192(transcendental)-192(region)-192(beyond)-192(the)-192(limits)-192(of)-192(sense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-373(time.)-621(With)-373(Aristotle,)-405(as)-373(with)-373(Plato,)-405(in)-373(the)-374(last)-373(resort,)-404(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(higher)-315(reason)-315(is)-314(the)-315(true)-315(essence)-315(of)-314(man,)-331(coming)-315(into)-315(the)-314(body)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-379(a)-379(diviner)-379(world,)-411(and)-379(capable)-379(of)-379(lifting)-379(itself)-379(to)-379(the)-378(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-270(the)-270(cramping)-270(limitations)-269(of)-270(sensuous)-270(life.)-310(The)-269(philosopher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-223(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 26.678 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.758 0 Td [(who)-223(turns)-222(his)-223(gaze)-223(persistently)-223(from)-222(the)-223(confusing)]TJ -62.436 -13.549 Td [(phantasmagoria)-436(of)-436(the)-436(senses)-436(to)-436(that)-436(realm)-436(of)-436(real)-436(existence,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(eternal)-388(and)-388(immutable,)-423(of)-388(which)-389(he)-388(has)-388(once)-388(had)-388(a)-389(vision,)-422(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-362(the)-361(distant)-362(progenitor)-361(of)-362(the)-361(sage)-362(of)-361(Stoicism,)-390(who)-361(cuts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-315(off)-315(from)-314(the)-315(external)-315(objects)-315(of)-314(desire,)-331(to)-315(find)-315(within)-314(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(higher)-285(law,)-294(and)-286(the)-285(peace)-285(which)-285(springs)-285(from)-286(a)-285(life)-285(in)-285(harmony)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(the)-250(Reason)-250(of)-250(the)-250(world.)]TJ 11.956 -16.005 Td [(The)-242(ancient)-242(schools,)-243(if)-242(they)-242(maintained)-242(a)-242(formal)-241(individuality)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(even)-268(to)-268(the)-268(days)-268(of)-268(Justinian,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.637 3.959 Td [(1572)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.411 -3.959 Td [(had)-268(worked)-268(themselves)-268(out.)-304(A)]TJ -147.048 -13.549 Td [(host)-246(of)-246(scholarchs,)-246(from)-246(all)-246(the)-246(cities)-246(of)-245(the)-246(Greek)-246(East,)-247(failed)-245(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(break)-248(fresh)-248(ground,)-248(and)-248(were)-248(content)-248(to)-248(guard)-248(the)-248(most)-248(precious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-334(the)-334(least)-334(vulnerable)-334(parts)-334(of)-334(an)-334(ancient)-334(tradition.)-502(Moreover,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-372(scrutiny)-373(of)-372(the)-373(long)-372(course)-372(of)-373(speculation,)-403(issuing)-372(in)-372(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(various)-382(conclusions,)-415(with)-382(no)-382(criterion)-382(to)-382(decide)-382(between)-382(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(claims,)-446(gave)-407(birth)-407(to)-406(a)-407(scepticism)-407(which)-407(sheltered)-407(itself)-406(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-344(the)-344(great)-343(name)-344(of)-344(the)-344(Academy.)-531(And)-344(as)-344(the)-344(faith)-344(in)-343(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(truth)-382(of)-382(systems)-382(dwindled,)-415(the)-382(marks)-382(of)-382(demarcation)-382(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-305(faded;)-332(men)-305(were)-305(less)-305(inclined)-304(to)-305(dogmatise,)-319(and)-305(began)-304(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(select)-353(and)-354(combine)-353(elements)-353(from)-354(long)-353(discordant)-353(schools.)-560(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-367(movement)-368(the)-367(eclectic)-367(and)-368(the)-367(sceptic)-367(had)-368(very)-367(much)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-328(object)-327(in)-328(view)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.5 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-328(support)-327(and)-328(culture)-328(of)-328(the)-327(individual)]TJ -100.409 -13.549 Td [(moral)-210(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.01 3.958 Td [(1573)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.019 -3.958 Td [(The)-210(sceptic)-210(sought)-210(his)-210(ideal)-209(in)-210(restrained)-210(suspense)]TJ -64.029 -13.55 Td [(of)-396(judgment)-397(and)-396(in)-396(moral)-396(calm.)-689(The)-396(eclectic,)-433(without)-396(regard)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.968 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.072 Td [(1572)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-349(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.161 0 Td [(Eun.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.815 0 Td [(c.)-547(3,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.199 0 Td [(\303\305\275\304\255\304\261\272\304\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.462 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272)-349(\262\261\303\271\273\255\311\302)-349(\274\271\303\270\277\306\277\301\254)-349(\304\271\302)-348(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 106.102 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.673 0 Td [(\306\261\315\273\267)]TJ -256.134 -10.959 Td [(\272\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.136 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.716 0 Td [(\263\255\275\267)-335(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.688 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-335(\306\271\273\277\303\314\306\277\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.453 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.25 0 Td [(\243\304\277\312\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.649 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-335(\273\255\263\311)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.701 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.25 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)-335(Cf.)-507(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.189 0 Td [(M.)-335(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.423 0 Td [(c.)-507(3;)]TJ -262.89 -10.959 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.387 0 Td [(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(T.)-250(i.)-250(7,)-250(\247)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.039 -7.394 Td [(1573)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-250(iii,)-250(1,)-250(16.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1624 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1625 0 R /Resources 1623 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1611 0 R >> endobj 1626 0 obj << /D [1624 0 R /XYZ 109.54 504.626 null] >> endobj 1623 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1629 0 obj << /Length 5164 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(353)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-382(speculative)-382(consistency,)-415(and)-382(with)-382(only)-382(a)-382(secondary)-382(interest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-490(speculation,)-550(sought)-489(for)-490(doctrines)-490(from)-490(any)-490(quarter)-489(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provided)-519(a)-518(basis)-519(for)-519(the)-518(moral)-519(life,)-586(and,)-586(in)-518(the)-519(conflict)-518(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(systems)-224(on)-224(the)-224(deeper)-224(questions,)-229(would)-224(fall)-224(back,)-229(like)-224(Cicero,)-229(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(intuition)-330(and)-330(the)-330(consent)-330(of)-330(consciousness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.022 3.959 Td [(1574)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.786 -3.959 Td [(Creative)-330(power)]TJ -212.808 -13.549 Td [(in)-359(philosophy)-359(was)-359(no)-358(more.)-577(Speculative)-359(curiosity,)-386(as)-358(pictured)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-436(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 31.338 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.087 0 Td [(or)-436(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 31.938 0 Td [(Theaetetus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.269 0 Td [(,)-483(had)-436(lost)-437(its)-436(keenness.)-809(The)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.392 0 Td [([291])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(imperious)-231(craving)-231(was)-231(for)-230(some)-231(guide)-231(of)-231(life,)-235(some)-231(medicine)-230(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(deeply-felt)-250(maladies)-250(of)-250(the)-250(soul.)]TJ 11.956 -14.895 Td [(The)-309(extinction)-310(of)-309(the)-309(free)-309(civic)-310(life)-309(of)-309(Greece,)-324(the)-309(conquests)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-272(Macedon,)-277(the)-272(foundation)-272(of)-271(the)-272(world-wide)-272(empire)-272(of)-271(Rome,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-334(wrought)-334(a)-334(momentous)-333(moral)-334(change.)-502(In)-334(the)-334(old)-333(city-state,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion,)-190(morals,)-190(and)-176(political)-175(duty)-175(were)-175(linked)-176(in)-175(a)-175(gracious)-175(unity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-370(harmony.)-610(The)-370(citizen)-370(drew)-370(moral)-370(support)-370(and)-370(inspiration)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-327(ancestral)-327(laws)-326(and)-327(institutions)-327(clothed)-327(with)-327(almost)-326(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(authority.)-228(Even)-186(Plato)-185(does)-185(not)-185(break)-185(away)-185(from)-185(the)-185(old)-185(trammels,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-344(requires)-343(the)-344(elders)-343(of)-344(his)-344(Utopia)-343(as)-344(a)-343(duty,)-367(after)-344(they)-343(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seen)-354(the)-354(vision)-355(of)-354(God,)-380(to)-354(descend)-355(again)-354(to)-354(the)-354(ordinary)-354(tasks)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-251(government.)-251(But)-251(when)-251(the)-250(corporate)-251(life)-250(which)-251(supplied)-250(such)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vivid)-382(interests)-382(and)-382(moral)-382(support)-382(was)-382(wrecked,)-415(the)-381(individual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-354(thrown)-353(back)-354(upon)-353(himself.)-561(Morals)-353(were)-354(finally)-353(separated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-320(politics.)-460(Henceforth)-320(the)-320(great)-320(problem)-320(of)-320(philosophy)-320(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(how)-514(to)-514(make)-514(character)-514(self-sufficing)-514(and)-514(independent;)-646(how)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-448(find)-449(the)-448(beatitude)-448(of)-448(man)-449(in)-448(the)-448(autonomous)-449(will,)-497(fenced)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(against)-278(all)-278(assaults)-277(of)-278(chance)-278(and)-278(change.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.682 3.959 Td [(1575)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.075 -3.959 Td [(At)-278(the)-278(same)-277(time,)]TJ -202.757 -13.549 Td [(the)-500(foundation)-500(of)-500(great)-500(monarchies,)-562(Macedonian)-500(or)-500(Roman,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(embracing)-371(many)-371(tribes)-372(and)-371(races)-371(and)-371(submerging)-371(old)-371(civic)-371(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(national)-214(barriers,)-221(brought)-214(into)-214(clearer)-214(light)-214(the)-214(idea)-214(of)-214(a)-213(universal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commonwealth,)-273(and)-269(placed)-269(morals)-269(on)-268(the)-269(broad)-269(foundation)-269(of)-268(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(common)-216(human)-216(nature)-216(and)-216(universal)-216(brotherhood.)-239(The)-215(mundane)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(city)-370(of)-371(old)-370(days,)-400(which)-370(absorbed,)-401(perhaps)-370(too)-370(completely,)-400(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.009 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.113 Td [(1574)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.331 0 Td [(493-5;)-314(\334berweg,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.042 0 Td [(Hist.)-377(of)-292(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.974 0 Td [(i.)-377(220;)-313(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.943 0 Td [(De)-292(Nat.)-377(Deor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.943 0 Td [(i.)-377(c.)-377(17;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.986 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Fin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.938 0 Td [(i.)-250(c.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -19.677 -7.394 Td [(1575)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Bussell,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.889 0 Td [(School)-250(of)-250(Plato)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.295 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(264;)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1;)-250(p.)-250(8,)-250(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1628 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1629 0 R /Resources 1627 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1611 0 R >> endobj 1630 0 obj << /D [1628 0 R /XYZ 130.044 436.88 null] >> endobj 1627 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1633 0 obj << /Length 5707 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(354)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(moral)-403(life)-402(and)-403(conscience)-403(of)-402(her)-403(sons,)-441(has)-402(vanished)-403(for)-402(ever.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-384(in)-385(its)-384(place)-385(and)-384(over)-384(its)-385(ruins)-384(has)-385(risen)-384(an)-384(all-embracing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-243(which)-243(seems)-244(to)-243(have)-243(all)-243(the)-244(sweep)-243(of)-243(an)-243(impersonal)-243(force)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-293(nature,)-303(though)-293(it)-292(is)-293(sometimes)-292(impelled)-293(by)-293(one)-292(wild,)-303(lawless)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(will.)-560(If,)-379(in)-353(return)-354(for)-353(the)-353(loss)-353(of)-354(civic)-353(freedom,)-379(ambitious)-353(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patriotic)-259(energy,)-262(or)-259(pride)-260(of)-259(civic)-259(life,)-262(it)-259(has)-260(given)-259(to)-259(its)-259(subjects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-300(marvellous)-300(peace)-301(and)-300(order)-300(and)-300(culture,)-313(have)-300(not)-300(the)-300(mass)-300(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-324(become)-324(grosser)-324(and)-325(more)-324(materialised?)-472(If)-324(there)-324(is)-324(greater)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(material)-212(well-being)-211(and)-212(better)-211(administration,)-220(have)-211(not)-212(the)-211(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tone)-459(and)-460(ideal,)-512(in)-459(the)-459(lack)-460(of)-459(stimulus,)-512(been)-459(lowered?)-878(Has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-378(vice)-378(become)-378(more)-378(shameless,)-410(and)-378(the)-378(greed)-378(for)-378(all)-378(things)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pleasant)-257(grown)-257(harder)-257(and)-257(more)-258(cruel?)-271(Are)-257(not)-257(the)-257(mass)-257(of)-257(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hopelessly)-340(and)-341(wearily)-340(wandering)-340(in)-340(a)-341(tangled)-340(maze)-340(without)-340(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([292])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(clue?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.019 3.958 Td [(1576)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -11.063 -19.967 Td [(With)-265(such)-266(questionings)-265(ringing)-265(in)-266(his)-265(inner)-266(ear,)-269(the)-265(man)-265(with)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(some)-382(lingering)-382(instinct)-381(of)-382(goodness)-382(might)-382(well)-382(crave,)-414(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anything)-300(else,)-313(for)-300(an)-300(inner)-300(l)1(aw)-300(of)-300(life)-300(which)-300(should)-300(bring)-300(order)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-328(the)-328(chaos)-328(of)-328(his)-328(conduct)-328(and)-328(desires.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 185.328 3.959 Td [(1577)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.72 -3.959 Td [(And)-328(philosophy,)]TJ -207.048 -13.549 Td [(having)-380(in)-381(magnificent)-380(effort)-380(failed)-380(to)-381(scale)-380(the)-380(virgin)-380(heights,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fell)-415(back)-414(on)-415(conduct,)-456(which)-415(seemed)-414(then,)-456(even)-415(more)-415(than)-414(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-419(lost)-419(teacher)-419(of)-419(our)-419(youth,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.19 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(three-fourths)-419(of)-419(life.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.842 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.413 0 Td [(The)-419(great)]TJ -237.289 -13.549 Td [(science)-443(which,)-492(in)-443(the)-443(glory)-443(and)-443(fresh)-443(vigour)-443(of)-443(the)-443(Hellenic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prime,)-415(aspired)-383(to)-382(embrace)-383(all)-382(existence)-382(and)-383(all)-382(knowledge,)-415(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(penetrate)-265(the)-264(secret)-264(of)-265(the)-264(universe)-265(and)-264(God,)-268(by)-265(general)-264(consent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(narrowed)-301(its)-300(efforts)-301(to)-301(relieve)-300(the)-301(struggles)-301(of)-300(this)-301(transient)-300(life)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(set)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.789 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(between)-428(two)-428(eternities.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.771 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.512 0 Td [(The)-428(human)-428(spirit,)-472(weary)-428(of)-428(the)]TJ -135.916 -13.549 Td [(fruitless)-429(quest)-429(of)-430(an)-429(ever-vanishing)-429(ideal)-429(of)-429(knowledge,)-474(took)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(up)-408(the)-408(humbler)-409(task)-408(of)-408(solving)-408(the)-408(ever-recurring)-408(problem)-408(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-228(happiness)-227(and)-228(conduct.)-242(Henceforth,)-232(in)-227(spite)-228(of)-227(traditional)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dialectic)-210(discordance,)-217(all)-210(the)-210(schools,)-217(Stoic)-210(or)-210(Epicurean,)-217(Sceptic)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.968 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.072 Td [(1576)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(On)-244(pessimism)-245(in)-244(the)-244(reign)-244(of)-245(Augustus,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 144.109 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.413 0 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.835 0 Td [(Rel.)-248(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.285 0 Td [(i.)-248(p.)-248(241.)-248(Cf.)]TJ -235.598 -10.959 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(8;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.17 0 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(i.)-250(10;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.676 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(20,)-250(22;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.074 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(37;)-250(Petron.)-250(88.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -219.905 -7.394 Td [(1577)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-359(Epict.)-360(iii.)-359(13,)-295(\247\247)-287(9,)-295(10,)-296(where)-286(the)-287(contrast)-286(between)-287(the)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 215.311 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(pax)-286(Romana)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 45.401 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -276.649 -10.959 Td [(and)-250(moral)-250(unrest)-250(is)-250(drawn.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1632 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1633 0 R /Resources 1631 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1611 0 R >> endobj 1634 0 obj << /D [1632 0 R /XYZ 93.543 355.585 null] >> endobj 1631 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1637 0 obj << /Length 6001 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(355)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(or)-389(Eclectic,)-423(are)-389(seeking)-389(for)-388(the)-389(secret)-389(of)-389(inner)-388(peace,)-424(and)-388(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(singularly)-358(unanimous)-358(in)-359(their)-358(report)-358(of)-358(the)-358(discovery.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.961 3.959 Td [(1578)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.706 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(inner)-202(life)-202(of)-202(the)-202(spirit)-202(becomes)-202(all)-202(in)-202(all.)-234(Speculation)-202(and)-202(political)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(activity)-240(are)-239(equally)-240(unimportant)-240(to)-239(the)-240(true)-240(life)-240(of)-239(the)-240(soul.)-246(Calm)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(equipoise)-443(of)-443(the)-443(inner)-443(nature,)-491(undisturbed)-443(by)-443(the)-443(changes)-442(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortunes)-350(or)-349(the)-350(solicitations)-349(of)-350(desire,)-374(is)-350(the)-349(ideal)-350(of)-349(all,)-374(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whatever)-224(difference)-224(of)-224(phrase.)-241(What)-224(has)-224(he)-224(to)-224(do)-224(with)-224(any)-224(single)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(state)-438(who)-438(realises)-439(his)-438(citizenship)-438(in)-438(the)-438(great)-438(commonwealth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-432(man?)-797(If)-433(the)-432(secret)-432(of)-433(peace)-432(cannot)-432(be)-433(won)-432(by)-432(launching)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-413(adventurous)-413(thought)-412(into)-413(the)-413(Infinite,)-453(perchance)-413(it)-413(may)-412(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(found)-250(in)-250(discipline)-250(of)-251(the)-250(rebellious)-250(will.)-250(Philosophy,)-250(then,)-250(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(become)-295(the)-296(guide)-295(of)-295(life,)-307(the)-295(healer)-296(of)-295(spiritual)-296(maladies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 253.315 3.959 Td [(1579)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.65 -3.959 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.549 Td [(must)-335(teach)-335(the)-335(whole)-336(duty)-335(of)-335(man,)-356(to)-335(the)-335(gods,)-357(to)-335(the)-335(state,)-356(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(parents)-294(and)-295(elders,)-305(to)-295(women)-294(and)-295(to)-294(slaves.)-383(It)-295(must)-294(attempt)-294(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(harder)-301(task)-300(of)-301(bringing)-300(some)-301(principle)-300(of)-301(order)-300(into)-301(the)-300(turmoil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-305(emotion)-305(and)-304(passion:)-360(it)-304(must)-305(teach)-305(us,)-318(amid)-305(the)-305(keen)-304(claims)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([293])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(competing)-323(objects)-324(of)-323(desire,)-342(to)-324(distinguish)-324(the)-323(true)-324(from)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(false,)-250(the)-250(permanent)-250(from)-250(the)-250(fleeting.)]TJ 11.956 -18.015 Td [(The)-336(moral)-336(reformer)-337(cannot)-336(indeed)-336(dispense)-336(with)-336(theory)-336(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(a)-399(ground)-399(of)-399(general)-399(principles,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 140.103 3.959 Td [(1580)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.196 -3.959 Td [(but)-399(he)-399(will)-399(not)-399(forget)-399(that)]TJ -161.299 -13.549 Td [(his)-533(main)-533(business)-533(is)-532(to)-533(impart)-533(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 169.786 0 Td [(ars)-533(vivendi)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.26 0 Td [(;)-674(he)-533(will)-533(be)]TJ -221.046 -13.549 Td [(more)-278(occupied)-279(with)-278(rules)-279(which)-278(may)-278(be)-279(immediately)-278(applied)-278(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practice,)-188(than)-173(wi)1(th)-173(the)-172(theory)-173(of)-172(morals.)-225(A)-172(profound)-172(acquaintance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-307(the)-308(pathology)-307(of)-307(the)-308(soul,)-321(minute)-308(study)-307(of)-307(the)-307(weaknesses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-396(character,)-433(long)-396(experience)-396(of)-396(the)-396(devices)-396(for)-396(counteracting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(them,)-341(will)-323(be)-323(worth)-322(far)-323(more)-323(than)-323(an)-323(encyclop\346dic)-322(knowledge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-237(centuries)-236(of)-237(speculation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.719 3.959 Td [(1581)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.117 -3.959 Td [(He)-237(will)-236(not)-237(undervalue)-237(the)-236(moral)]TJ -136.836 -13.549 Td [(discourse,)-386(with)-359(the)-358(practical)-359(object)-359(of)-358(turning)-359(souls)-359(from)-358(their)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.375 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.479 Td [(1578)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(pp.)-250(12,)-250(14,)-250(cf.)-250(Baur,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 120.535 0 Td [(Ch.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(14)-250(\050Tr.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -169.607 -7.395 Td [(1579)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.017 0 Td [(Tusc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.447 0 Td [(iii)-253(3,)-254(est)-253(profecto)-253(animi)-253(medicina)-253(philosophia,)-253(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 185.328 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.471 0 Td [(22,)-254(vena)]TJ -250.218 -10.958 Td [(tangenda)-359(est;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.744 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.42 0 Td [(53,)-386(Epict.)-576(iii.)-577(23,)-386(\247)-358(30,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 92.93 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\261\304\301\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.615 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\314\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.228 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271)-359(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.85 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.682 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.762 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\314\306\277\305)]TJ -239.59 -10.959 Td [(\303\307\277\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.609 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.011 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -35.996 -7.395 Td [(1580)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(94,)-250(\247)-250(5,)-250(\247)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.394 Td [(1581)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(64,)-250(\247)-250(8.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1636 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1637 0 R /Resources 1635 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1639 0 R >> endobj 1638 0 obj << /D [1636 0 R /XYZ 59.183 314.937 null] >> endobj 1635 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1642 0 obj << /Length 5811 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(356)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(evil)-470(ways;)-581(but)-470(he)-470(has)-471(only)-470(contempt)-470(for)-471(the)-470(rhetoric)-470(of)-470(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class-room)-362(which)-362(desecrates)-362(solemn)-362(themes)-362(by)-362(the)-362(vanities)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phrase-making.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.56 3.959 Td [(1582)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.166 -3.959 Td [(The)-281(best)-280(and)-281(most)-280(fruitful)-281(work)-280(of)-281(practical)]TJ -87.726 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)-407(is)-406(done)-407(by)-407(private)-407(counsel,)-445(adapted)-407(to)-407(the)-406(special)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(needs)-276(of)-276(the)-277(spiritual)-276(patient.)-328(He)-277(must)-276(be)-276(encouraged)-276(to)-276(make)-276(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(full)-223(confession)-223(of)-223(the)-223(diseases)-223(of)-223(his)-223(soul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.735 3.959 Td [(1583)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.067 -3.959 Td [(He)-223(must)-223(be)-223(trained)]TJ -198.802 -13.549 Td [(in)-287(daily)-286(self-examination,)-296(to)-287(observe)-286(any)-287(signs)-286(of)-287(moral)-286(growth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-400(of)-399(backsliding.)-699(He)-400(must)-400(be)-399(checked)-400(when)-400(over)-399(confident,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-365(cheered)-364(in)-365(discouragement.)-593(He)-365(must)-364(have)-365(his)-364(enthusiasm)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(kindled)-285(by)-284(appropriate)-285(examples)-285(of)-285(those)-284(who)-285(have)-285(trodden)-284(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-250(path)-250(and)-250(reached)-250(the)-250(heights.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.084 3.959 Td [(1584)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -140.128 -17.508 Td [(This)-544(serious)-544(aim)-544(of)-544(philosophy)-544(commended)-544(itself)-544(to)-543(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(intensely)-453(practical)-454(and)-453(strenuous)-453(spirit)-453(of)-453(the)-454(Romans.)-859(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-223(there)-223(were)-223(plenty)-224(of)-223(showy)-223(lecturers)-223(or)-223(preachers)-223(in)-223(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(first)-295(century)-295(who)-294(could)-295(draw)-295(fashionable)-295(audiences,)-306(the)-294(private)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-392(director)-392(was)-392(a)-393(far)-392(more)-392(real)-392(power.)-676(The)-392(triumph)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-393(Aemilius)-392(Paulus)-393(brought)-392(numbers)-392(of)-393(Greek)-392(exiles)-393(to)-392(Italy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-242(of)-241(whom)-242(found)-241(a)-242(home)-241(as)-242(teachers)-241(in)-242(Roman)-242(families.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1585)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Panaetius,)-324(who)-309(revolutionised)-310(Stoicism,)-324(and)-309(made)-309(it)-309(a)-309(working)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(system,)-204(profoundly)-192(influenced)-192(the)-192(circle)-192(of)-193(Scipio)-192(Aemilianus,)-203(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whose)-175(house)-175(he)-175(lived.)-225(Great)-174(generals)-175(and)-175(leaders)-175(of)-175(the)-175(last)-175(age)-174(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-215(Republic,)-222(a)-215(Lucullus)-216(or)-215(a)-215(Pompey,)-222(often)-215(carried)-215(philosophers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-406(their)-405(train.)-717(From)-405(Augustus)-406(to)-405(Elagabalus)-406(we)-405(hear)-406(of)-405(their)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([294])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(presence)-412(at)-412(the)-413(imperial)-412(court.)-737(The)-412(wife)-412(of)-412(Augustus)-412(sought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consolation)-347(on)-347(the)-346(death)-347(of)-347(Drusus)-347(from)-347(Areus,)-371(her)-346(husband)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.55 Td [(philosophic)-453(director.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.504 3.959 Td [(1586)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.795 -3.959 Td [(Many)-453(of)-452(these)-453(men)-452(indeed)-453(did)-452(not)]TJ -118.299 -13.549 Td [(take)-286(their)-286(profession)-286(very)-285(seriously,)-295(and)-286(in)-286(too)-286(many)-286(cases)-285(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-378(mere)-377(flatterers)-378(and)-377(parasites)-378(whom)-378(the)-377(rich)-378(patron)-377(hired)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.578 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.682 Td [(1582)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Rect.)-250(Rat.)-250(Aud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.978 0 Td [(c.)-250(8;)-250(Epict.)-250(iii.)-250(23,)-250(\247)-250(23.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -102.61 -7.394 Td [(1583)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Rect.)-250(Rat.)-250(Aud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.978 0 Td [(c.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -102.61 -7.395 Td [(1584)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)-250(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.131 0 Td [(De)-250(Lib.)-250(Ed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.585 0 Td [(c.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -89.411 -7.394 Td [(1585)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.044 0 Td [(Phil.)-290(der)-263(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.606 0 Td [(iii.)-290(1,)-267(487;)-270(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.096 0 Td [(Aemil.)-290(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.843 0 Td [(c.)-290(vi.;)-270(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.251 0 Td [(H.)-263(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.66 0 Td [(xxxv.)]TJ -260.455 -10.959 Td [(135;)-240(Polyb.)-245(xxxii.)-245(10.)-246(But)-235(cf.)-245(Mahaffy)-236(on)-235(Zeller)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 171.688 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-235(view,)-239(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.494 0 Td [(Greek)-235(World)-236(under)]TJ -211.168 -10.959 Td [(Roman)-250(Sway)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.571 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(67.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.311 -7.394 Td [(1586)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1641 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1642 0 R /Resources 1640 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1639 0 R >> endobj 1643 0 obj << /D [1641 0 R /XYZ 248.03 220.093 null] >> endobj 1640 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1646 0 obj << /Length 6668 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(357)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(from)-447(ostentation)-448(and)-447(treated)-447(with)-447(contumely.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.103 3.959 Td [(1587)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.622 -3.959 Td [(Both)-447(Nero)]TJ -232.725 -13.549 Td [(and)-421(Hadrian)-420(used)-421(to)-420(amuse)-421(t)1(hemselves)-421(with)-420(the)-421(quarrels)-420(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vanity)-235(of)-235(their)-235(philosophers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 122.526 3.959 Td [(1588)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.111 -3.959 Td [(But)-235(in)-235(the)-235(terror)-234(of)-235(the)-235(Claudian)]TJ -141.637 -13.549 Td [(Caesars,)-379(the)-352(Stoic)-353(director)-353(is)-353(often)-353(seen)-353(performing)-353(his)-352(proper)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(part.)-411(Julius)-303(Canus,)-317(when)-304(ordered)-304(to)-303(execution)-304(by)-303(Caligula,)-317(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-437(philosopher)-437(by)-438(his)-437(side,)-484(with)-437(whom)-437(he)-437(discussed)-437(till)-437(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-396(fatal)-396(moment)-395(the)-396(future)-396(of)-396(the)-396(soul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 183.236 3.959 Td [(1589)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.937 -3.959 Td [(The)-396(officer)-396(who)]TJ -207.173 -13.549 Td [(brought)-273(the)-273(sentence)-273(of)-273(death)-273(to)-273(Thrasea)-273(found)-273(him)-273(absorbed)-272(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conversation)-217(with)-216(the)-217(Cynic)-216(Demetrius)-217(on)-217(the)-216(mystery)-217(which)-216(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lancet)-250(was)-250(in)-250(a)-250(few)-250(moments)-250(to)-250(resolve.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 174.513 3.959 Td [(1590)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -162.557 -19.293 Td [(Of)-296(this)-297(great)-296(movement)-297(to)-296(cultivate)-297(a)-296(moral)-297(life)-296(in)-296(paganism)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(L.)-348(Annaeus)-348(Seneca)-348(was)-348(not)-348(the)-348(least)-348(illustrious)-348(representative.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Musonius,)-385(his)-358(younger)-358(contemporary,)-385(and)-358(Epictetus,)-385(the)-358(pupil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-494(Musonius,)-555(were)-494(engaged)-494(in)-494(the)-494(same)-494(cure)-494(of)-494(souls,)-555(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taught)-411(practically)-411(the)-411(same)-411(philosophic)-411(gospel.)-733(They)-411(equally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paid)-404(but)-405(slight)-404(attention)-404(to)-405(the)-404(logic)-404(and)-405(physics)-404(of)-404(the)-404(older)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(schools.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 35.455 3.959 Td [(1591)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.299 -3.959 Td [(Virtue,)-522(to)-468(all)-468(of)-468(them,)-523(is)-468(the)-468(one)-468(great)-468(end)-468(of)]TJ -61.754 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-515(effort.)-1043(They)-515(were)-514(all)-515(deeply)-514(impressed)-515(by)-514(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-270(wants)-269(of)-270(the)-269(time,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.518 3.959 Td [(1592)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.433 -3.959 Td [(and)-270(they)-269(all)-270(felt)-269(that)-270(men)-270(needed)]TJ -136.951 -13.549 Td [(not)-439(subtleties)-439(of)-439(disquisition)-439(or)-439(rhetorical)-438(display,)-487(but)-438(direct,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personal)-352(teaching)-352(which)-351(appealed)-352(to)-352(the)-352(conscience.)-555(To)-352(all)-351(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(them)-437(the)-437(philosopher)-437(is)-438(a)-437(physician)-437(of)-437(souls.)-811(Musonius)-437(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Epictetus)-366(were)-367(probably)-366(loftier)-366(and)-367(more)-366(blameless)-366(characters)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-392(Seneca.)-674(Epictetus)-392(especially,)-427(from)-392(the)-391(range)-392(and)-391(simple)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attractiveness)-497(of)-497(his)-497(teaching,)-558(might)-497(seem)-497(to)-497(many)-497(a)-496(better)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(representative)-189(of)-189(the)-189(philosophic)-189(director)-189(than)-189(Seneca.)-229(Seneca,)-201(as)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.74 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.844 Td [(1587)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(De)-250(Merc.)-250(Cond.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.012 0 Td [(2,)-250(4,)-250(25.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.133 -7.394 Td [(1588)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.522 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.128 0 Td [(xiv.)-651(16,)-418(etiam)-383(sapientiae)-384(doctoribus)-384(tempus)-384(impertiebat)-384(post)]TJ -53.605 -10.959 Td [(epulas,)-250(utque)-250(contraria)-250(adseverantium)-250(discordia)-250(frueretur;)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 232.82 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.412 0 Td [(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -258.972 -7.394 Td [(1589)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.103 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -71.73 -7.395 Td [(1590)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(34.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.547 -7.394 Td [(1591)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(656,)-250(663.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(1592)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-522(iii.)-523(23,)-363(\247\247)-341(24-34;)-386(i.)-522(4,)-364(\247)-341(9,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 130.542 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(W)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.979 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.297 0 Td [(\306\267\303\257\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.976 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.501 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\264\267)-341(\264\271)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 19.069 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.042 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.601 0 Td [(\264\315\275\261\304\261\271)]TJ -251.336 -10.959 Td [(\247\301\315\303\271\300\300\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.504 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\261\263\271\263\275\316\303\272\265\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.037 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.136 0 Td [(\225)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.447 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.034 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.58 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-311(\270\265\277\315\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.36 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.034 0 Td [(\300\301\277\272\314\300\304\265\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.929 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\270\301\311\300\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.064 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.136 0 Td [(\240\277\257\261\275)]TJ -258.635 -10.959 Td [(\300\301\277\272\277\300\256\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.556 0 Td [(;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1645 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1646 0 R /Resources 1644 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1639 0 R >> endobj 1644 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1649 0 obj << /Length 5474 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(358)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-154(wealthy)-155(minister)-154(of)-154(Nero,)-174(excites)-154(a)-154(repugnance)-155(in)-154(some)-154(minds,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-313(prevents)-313(them)-313(doing)-313(justice)-313(to)-313(his)-313(unquestionable)-313(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-263(fascination.)-289(His)-263(apparent)-263(inconsistency)-263(has)-263(condemned)-263(him)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([295])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(in)-210(the)-210(eyes)-210(of)-210(an)-210(age)-210(which)-210(professes)-210(to)-210(believe)-210(in)-210(the)-210(teaching)-210(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-200(Mount,)-209(and)-200(idolises)-199(grandiose)-200(wealth)-199(and)-200(power.)-233(His)-199(rhetoric)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offends)-307(a)-306(taste)-307(that)-306(can)-306(tolerate)-307(and)-306(applaud)-307(verbose)-306(banalities,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-415(little)-415(trace)-415(of)-415(redeeming)-415(art.)-745(He)-415(cannot)-415(always)-415(win)-414(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hearing)-255(accorded)-254(to)-255(the)-255(repentant)-254(sinner,)-256(whose)-255(dark)-254(experience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-364(make)-364(his)-365(message)-364(more)-364(real)-364(and)-365(pungent.)-592(The)-364(historian,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(however,)-390(must)-362(put)-362(aside)-362(these)-362(rather)-362(pharisaic)-362(prejudices,)-390(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(give)-334(Seneca)-334(the)-334(position)-334(as)-334(a)-334(moral)-334(teacher)-334(which)-334(his)-333(writings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-254(won)-255(in)-254(ages)-254(not)-255(less)-254(earnest)-254(than)-254(ours.)-263(Nor)-255(need)-254(we)-254(fear)-254(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recognise)-173(a)-172(power)-173(which)-172(led)-172(the)-173(early)-172(Fathers)-173(to)-172(trace)-173(the)-172(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vision)-373(of)-373(Seneca)-373(to)-373(an)-372(intercourse)-373(with)-373(S.)-373(Paul,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.764 3.958 Td [(1593)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.841 -3.958 Td [(supported)]TJ -237.605 -13.55 Td [(by)-407(a)-407(feigned)-407(correspondence)-407(which)-407(imposed)-407(on)-407(S.)-407(Augustine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-367(S.)-366(Jerome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.778 3.959 Td [(1594)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.984 -3.959 Td [(The)-367(man)-366(who)-367(approaches)-367(Seneca)-366(thinking)]TJ -89.762 -13.549 Td [(only)-225(of)-224(scandals)-225(gleaned)-224(from)-225(Tacitus)-225(and)-224(Dion)-225(Cassius,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.933 3.959 Td [(1595)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.944 -3.959 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(frozen)-420(by)-421(a)-420(criticism)-420(which)-420(cannot)-420(feel)-421(the)-420(power)-420(of)-420(genius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-222(imagination,)-227(and)-222(a)-221(profound)-222(moral)-222(experience,)-227(behind)-221(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rhetoric)-254(sometimes)-255(forced)-254(and)-255(extravagant,)-255(had)-255(better)-254(leave)-254(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alone.)-372(The)-291(Christianity)-291(of)-291(the)-290(twentieth)-291(century)-291(might)-291(well)-290(hail)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-302(delight)-303(the)-302(advent)-302(of)-302(such)-302(a)-303(preacher,)-315(and)-302(would)-302(certainly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forget)-458(all)-457(the)-458(accusations)-457(of)-457(prurient)-458(gossip)-457(in)-458(the)-457(accession)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-397(an)-397(immense)-397(and)-397(fascinating)-397(spiritual)-397(force.)-691(The)-397(man)-397(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(any)-327(historical)-327(imagination)-327(must)-327(be)-327(struck)-327(with)-327(amazement)-326(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-382(spiritual)-382(detachment,)-416(such)-382(lofty)-382(moral)-382(ideals,)-415(so)-382(pure)-382(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enthusiasm)-449(for)-449(the)-448(salvation)-449(of)-449(souls,)-498(should)-449(emerge)-449(from)-448(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(palace)-269(reeking)-268(with)-269(all)-268(the)-269(crimes)-269(of)-268(the)-269(haunted)-268(races)-269(of)-268(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legend.)-293(That)-265(the)-264(courtier)-264(of)-265(the)-264(reigns)-264(of)-265(Caligula)-264(and)-264(Claudius,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.172 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.275 Td [(1593)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.889 0 Td [(De)-250(An.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.141 0 Td [(c.)-250(20,)-250(Seneca)-250(saepe)-250(noster;)-250(S.)-250(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 137.204 0 Td [(Adv.)-250(Jovin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.33 0 Td [(i.)-250(49.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -250.259 -7.394 Td [(1594)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-325(Hieron,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.373 0 Td [(Adv.)-476(Jovin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.035 0 Td [(i.)-476(29;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.721 0 Td [(De)-325(Scrip.)-477(Eccl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.905 0 Td [(12;)-363(S.)-326(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.813 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.121 0 Td [(153,)-344(cujus)]TJ -242.924 -10.959 Td [(etiam)-250(ad)-250(Paulum)-250(apostolum)-250(leguntur)-250(epistolae.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(1595)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(The)-234(worst)-234(about)-234(Seneca)-234(is)-234(collected)-234(in)-234(D.)-234(Cass.)-245(61.)-244(10.)-245(But)-234(cf.)-245(the)-234(attack)-234(of)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(P.)-250(Suillius,)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.286 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(42)-250(and)-250(xiv.)-250(52.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1648 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1649 0 R /Resources 1647 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1639 0 R >> endobj 1650 0 obj << /D [1648 0 R /XYZ 304.038 491.077 null] >> endobj 1647 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1653 0 obj << /Length 5986 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(359)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-367(tutor)-367(and)-367(minister)-367(of)-368(Nero,)-396(should)-367(not)-367(have)-367(escaped)-367(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stains)-286(may)-286(be)-286(probable:)-321(that)-286(such)-286(a)-286(man)-286(should)-286(have)-285(composed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-254(Letters)-254(and)-255(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 83.803 0 Td [(De)-254(Ira)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 31.598 0 Td [(of)-254(Seneca)-254(is)-255(almost)-254(a)-254(miracle.)-263(Yet)-254(the)]TJ -115.401 -13.549 Td [(glow)-335(of)-335(earnestness)-335(and)-335(conviction,)-356(the)-335(intimate)-335(knowledge)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-239(last)-239(secrets)-239(of)-238(guilty)-239(souls,)-241(may)-239(well)-239(have)-239(been)-239(the)-239(reward)-238(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-250(an)-250(ordeal.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.894 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-243(career,)-245(given)-243(a)-243(latent)-243(fund)-243(of)-243(moral)-243(enthusiasm,)-245(was)]TJ -46.483 -13.549 Td [(really)-315(a)-315(splendid)-314(preparation)-315(for)-315(his)-315(mission,)-330(as)-315(an)-315(analyst)-315(of)-314(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corrupt)-208(society)-207(and)-208(a)-208(guide)-207(to)-208(moral)-208(reform.)-236(He)-207(lived)-208(through)-207(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([296])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(gloomiest)-243(years)-242(of)-243(the)-243(imperial)-243(tyranny;)-245(he)-243(had)-242(been)-243(in)-243(the)-242(thick)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-312(its)-312(intrigues,)-327(and)-312(privy)-312(to)-312(its)-312(darkest)-312(secrets;)-343(he)-312(had)-311(enjoyed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-424(favour,)-467(and)-424(knew)-424(the)-424(perils)-424(of)-424(its)-424(jealousy)-424(and)-423(suspicion.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-357(came)-357(as)-357(an)-357(infant)-357(from)-357(Cordova)-357(to)-357(Rome)-357(in)-357(the)-357(last)-357(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-459(Augustus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 58.033 3.958 Td [(1596)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.993 -3.958 Td [(In)-459(spite)-458(of)-459(weak)-458(health,)-511(he)-459(was)-458(an)-459(ardent)]TJ -84.026 -13.55 Td [(student)-262(of)-262(all)-261(the)-262(science)-262(and)-262(philosophy)-262(of)-261(the)-262(time,)-265(and)-262(he)-261(fell)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-299(the)-300(influence)-299(of)-299(Sotion,)-312(a)-299(member)-300(of)-299(the)-299(Sextian)-299(School,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-313(combined)-313(a)-313(rigorous)-313(Stoicism)-313(with)-313(Pythagorean)-313(rules)-313(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 17.27 3.959 Td [(1597)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.734 -3.959 Td [(As)-267(a)-268(young)-267(advocate)-268(and)-267(prosperous)-267(official,)-272(he)-267(passed)]TJ -37.004 -13.549 Td [(unharmed)-285(through)-284(the)-285(terror)-284(and)-285(ghastly)-285(rumours)-284(of)-285(the)-284(closing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(years)-361(of)-361(Tiberius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.073 3.959 Td [(1598)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.803 -3.959 Td [(His)-361(eloquence)-361(in)-361(the)-362(Senate)-361(excited)-361(the)]TJ -101.876 -13.549 Td [(jealousy)-219(of)-220(Caligula,)-225(and)-220(he)-219(narrowly)-219(escaped)-220(the)-219(penalty.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.489 3.959 Td [(1599)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.054 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(the)-302(reign)-301(of)-302(Claudius)-301(he)-302(must)-301(have)-302(been)-301(one)-302(of)-301(the)-302(inner)-301(circle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-240(the)-240(court,)-242(for)-240(his)-240(banishment,)-242(at)-240(the)-240(instance)-240(of)-240(Messalina,)-241(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eight)-198(years)-197(to)-198(Corsica)-197(was)-198(the)-197(penalty)-197(of)-198(a)-197(supposed)-198(intrigue)-197(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Julia,)-263(the)-261(niece)-260(of)-261(the)-260(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.418 3.959 Td [(1600)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.511 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-260(knew)-261(how)-261(to)-260(bend)-261(to)]TJ -154.929 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(storm,)-250(and,)-251(by)-251(the)-251(influence)-250(of)-251(Agrippina,)-251(he)-250(was)-251(recalled)-250(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-303(the)-303(tutor)-302(of)-303(the)-303(young)-303(Nero,)-316(and)-302(on)-303(his)-303(accession)-303(four)-302(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(afterwards,)-351(became)-331(his)-331(first)-331(minister)-331(by)-332(the)-331(side)-331(of)-331(Burrus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1601)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.655 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.759 Td [(1596)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(xix.)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66.242 -7.394 Td [(1597)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(108,)-250(\247\247)-250(13-17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.395 Td [(1598)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.213 0 Td [(108,)-229(\247)-225(22.)-241(He)-224(abandoned)-224(Pythagorean)-225(abstinence,)-229(as)-224(suspicious,)-230(during)]TJ -26.168 -10.958 Td [(the)-250(persecution)-250(of)-250(eastern)-250(cults;)-250(cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 147.667 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(36.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -166.851 -7.395 Td [(1599)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(59.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(1600)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(60.)-250(8;)-250(61.)-250(10;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.741 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(42,)-250(schol.)-250(Juv.)-250(v.)-250(109.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -113.316 -7.311 Td [(1601)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-254(Cass.)-264(61.)-263(4;)-257(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 73.427 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.968 0 Td [(xiii.)-263(2.)-264(Dion)-254(suggests)-255(an)-254(intrigue)-255(with)-254(Agrippina,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1652 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1653 0 R /Resources 1651 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1639 0 R >> endobj 1654 0 obj << /D [1652 0 R /XYZ 277.867 409.782 null] >> endobj 1651 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1657 0 obj << /Length 5592 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(360)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(The)-308(famous)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 55.791 0 Td [(quinquennium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 62.421 0 Td [(,)-322(an)-308(oasis)-307(in)-308(the)-307(desert)-308(of)-307(despotism,)]TJ -118.212 -13.549 Td [(was)-373(probably)-374(the)-373(happiest)-373(period)-373(of)-374(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.724 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-373(life.)-620(In)-373(spite)-374(of)]TJ -201.357 -13.549 Td [(some)-189(misgivings,)-202(the)-189(dream)-190(of)-189(an)-189(earthly)-190(Providence,)-201(as)-189(merciful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-288(it)-289(was)-288(strong,)-298(seemed)-288(to)-288(be)-288(realised.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.389 3.958 Td [(1602)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.417 -3.958 Td [(But)-288(it)-288(was,)-298(after)-289(all,)]TJ -192.806 -13.55 Td [(a)-491(giddy)-491(and)-491(anxious)-491(elevation,)-551(and)-491(the)-491(influence)-491(of)-491(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-281(only)-281(maintained)-281(by)-280(politic)-281(concessions,)-289(and)-281(was)-280(constantly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(threatened)-447(by)-448(the)-447(daemonic)-448(ambition)-447(of)-447(Agrippina.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.219 3.959 Td [(1603)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.626 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-375(had)-375(enemies)-375(like)-375(P.)-376(Suillius,)-406(jealous)-375(of)-375(his)-375(power)-375(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-323(millions,)-342(and)-324(eagerly)-323(pointing)-323(to)-324(the)-323(hypocrisy)-324(of)-323(the)-323(Stoic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(preacher,)-254(whom)-253(gossip)-254(branded)-253(as)-253(an)-254(adulterer)-253(and)-253(a)-254(usurer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1604)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-348(death)-348(of)-349(Burrus)-348(gave)-348(the)-348(last)-348(shock)-349(to)-348(his)-348(power.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.098 3.959 Td [(1605)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.379 -3.959 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(enemies)-290(poured)-290(in)-290(to)-290(the)-289(assault.)-370(The)-290(emperor)-290(had)-290(long)-289(wished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-444(shake)-444(off)-443(the)-444(incubus)-444(of)-444(a)-443(superior)-444(spirit;)-541(and)-444(the)-443(riches,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([297])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(the)-310(pointed)-309(eloquence,)-325(and)-310(more)-309(pointed)-310(sarcasms,)-325(the)-309(gardens)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-443(villas)-443(and)-443(lordly)-443(state)-443(of)-443(the)-442(great)-443(minister,)-492(suggested)-442(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possible)-217(aspirant)-218(to)-217(the)-218(principate.)-239(Seneca)-217(acted)-218(on)-217(his)-217(principles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-293(offered)-292(to)-293(give)-293(up)-292(everything.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.778 3.959 Td [(1606)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.562 -3.959 Td [(But)-293(his)-292(torture)-293(was)-293(to)-292(be)]TJ -171.34 -13.549 Td [(prolonged,)-188(and)-171(his)-172(doom)-172(deferred)-172(for)-172(about)-172(two)-172(years.)-224(His)-171(release)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(came)-250(in)-250(the)-250(fierce)-250(vengeance)-250(for)-250(the)-250(Pisonian)-250(conspiracy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.138 3.958 Td [(1607)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -239.183 -23.755 Td [(Seneca)-497(was)-497(an)-497(ideal)-496(director)-497(for)-497(the)-497(upper)-497(class)-497(of)-497(such)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(an)-464(age.)-893(He)-464(had)-465(risen)-464(to)-464(the)-464(highest)-465(office)-464(in)-464(a)-464(world-wide)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monarchy,)-223(and)-216(he)-216(had)-215(spent)-216(years)-216(in)-216(hourly)-216(fear)-216(of)-216(death.)-239(He)-215(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(enjoyed)-305(the)-305(society)-304(of)-305(the)-305(most)-305(brilliant)-304(circles,)-319(and)-304(exchanged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(epigrams)-425(and)-426(repartees)-425(with)-425(the)-425(best;)-513(he)-426(had)-425(also)-425(seen)-425(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(steeped)-275(in)-275(debauchery)-275(and)-275(treachery,)-281(and)-275(terror-stricken)-275(in)-274(base)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compliance.)-561(He)-353(had)-354(witnessed)-353(their)-354(fantastic)-353(efforts)-354(of)-353(luxury)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-389(self-indulgence,)-424(and)-389(heard)-389(the)-389(tale)-389(of)-389(wearied)-389(sensualism)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 141.767 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 93.543 132.943 Td [(61.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1602)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(i.)-250(5,)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.735 -7.311 Td [(1603)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(2,)-250(quo)-250(facilius)-250(...)-250(voluptatibus)-250(concessis)-250(retinerent,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.546 -7.31 Td [(1604)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(42;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(61.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1605)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(52,)-250(mors)-250(Burri)-250(infregit)-250(Senecae)-250(potentiam,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.546 -7.31 Td [(1606)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.546 -7.311 Td [(1607)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xv.)-250(56)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1656 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1657 0 R /Resources 1655 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1639 0 R >> endobj 1658 0 obj << /D [1656 0 R /XYZ 345.395 355.585 null] >> endobj 1655 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1661 0 obj << /Length 5399 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(361)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-305(disordered)-306(ambition)-305(and)-306(ineffectual)-305(lives.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.985 3.959 Td [(1608)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.979 -3.959 Td [(His)-305(disciples)]TJ -223.964 -13.549 Td [(were)-335(drawn,)-356(if)-336(not)-335(from)-335(the)-335(noblest)-335(class,)-356(at)-335(any)-335(rate)-335(from)-335(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class)-365(which)-364(had)-365(felt)-365(the)-365(disillusionment)-364(of)-365(wealth)-365(and)-364(fashion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-346(power.)-536(And)-346(the)-345(vicissitudes)-346(in)-345(his)-346(own)-345(fate)-346(and)-345(character)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(made)-322(him)-323(a)-322(powerful)-322(and)-322(sympathetic)-323(adviser.)-467(He)-322(had)-322(long)-322(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(endure)-329(the)-329(torturing)-328(contrast)-329(of)-329(splendid)-329(rank)-328(and)-329(wealth,)-348(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(brooding)-313(terror)-314(of)-314(a)-313(doom)-314(which)-314(might)-313(sweep)-314(down)-314(at)-313(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moment.)-240(He)-220(was)-221(also)-220(tortured)-220(by)-220(other)-221(contrasts,)-226(some)-220(drawn)-220(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-351(fierceness)-351(of)-351(envious)-351(hatred,)-376(others)-351(perhaps)-350(acknowledged)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-492(conscience.)-977(Steeped)-492(in)-492(the)-493(doctrines)-492(of)-492(Chrysippus)-492(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pythagoras,)-268(he)-264(had)-264(subdued)-264(the)-264(ebullient)-263(passions)-264(of)-264(youth)-264(by)-264(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-241(than)-241(monastic)-241(asceticism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.661 3.959 Td [(1609)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.134 -3.959 Td [(He)-241(had)-241(passionately)-241(adopted)]TJ -155.795 -13.549 Td [(an)-490(ethical)-490(creed)-490(which)-489(aimed)-490(at)-490(a)-490(radical)-490(reform)-490(of)-489(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature,)-439(at)-400(the)-401(triumph)-401(of)-401(cultivated)-401(and)-401(moralised)-401(reason)-400(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(social)-355(sympathy)-355(over)-354(the)-355(brutal)-355(materialism)-355(and)-355(selfishness)-354(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-203(age.)-234(He)-202(had)-203(pondered)-202(on)-203(its)-203(doctrines)-202(of)-203(the)-202(higher)-203(life,)-212(of)-202(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nothingness)-282(of)-282(the)-282(things)-283(of)-282(sense,)-290(on)-282(death,)-290(and)-282(the)-282(indwelling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-449(assisting)-448(the)-449(struggling)-449(soul,)-498(on)-449(the)-448(final)-449(happy)-448(release)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-225(all)-226(the)-225(sordid)-225(misery)-225(and)-226(terror,)-230(until)-225(every)-225(earthly)-225(pleasure)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-401(ambition)-401(faded)-400(away)-401(in)-401(the)-400(presence)-401(of)-401(a)-401(glorious)-400(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.935 3.959 Td [(1610)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.897 -3.959 Td [(And)-395(yet)-394(this)-395(pagan)-394(monk,)-431(this)-395(idealist,)-430(who)-395(would)]TJ -47.832 -13.549 Td [(have)-381(been)-382(at)-381(home)-382(with)-381(S.)-382(Jerome)-381(or)-381(Thomas)-382(\340)-381(Kempis,)-414(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accumulated)-292(a)-291(vast)-292(fortune,)-301(and)-292(lived)-291(in)-292(a)-291(palace)-292(which)-291(excited)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([298])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-219(envy)-219(of)-220(a)-219(Nero.)-240(He)-219(was)-219(suspected)-219(of)-220(having)-219(been)-219(the)-219(lover)-219(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(two)-316(princesses)-315(of)-316(the)-316(imperial)-315(house.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.376 3.959 Td [(1611)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.315 -3.959 Td [(He)-316(was)-315(charged)-316(with)]TJ -186.691 -13.549 Td [(having)-406(connived)-406(at,)-445(or)-406(encouraged)-406(the)-406(excesses)-406(of)-406(Nero,)-444(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-287(of)-287(having)-287(been)-287(an)-287(accomplice)-287(in)-287(the)-287(murder)-287(of)-286(Agrippina,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-328(its)-328(apologist.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.287 3.959 Td [(1612)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.723 -3.959 Td [(Some)-328(of)-328(these)-328(rumours)-329(are)-328(probably)-328(false,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.388 Td [(1608)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(55;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.701 0 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(1)-250(and)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.875 -7.31 Td [(1609)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(108,)-250(\247\247)-250(17-22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.311 Td [(1610)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Baur,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(Ch.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(16)-250(\050Tr.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.435 -7.31 Td [(1611)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(61.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1612)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.67 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.51 0 Td [(xiii.)-445(13;)-347(xiv.)-445(7;)-347(and)-315(11,)-331(sed)-315(Seneca)-315(adverso)-315(rumore)-315(erat,)-331(quod)]TJ -51.135 -10.959 Td [(oratione)-250(tali)-250(confessionem)-250(scripsisset.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1660 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1661 0 R /Resources 1659 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1663 0 R >> endobj 1662 0 obj << /D [1660 0 R /XYZ 105.086 220.093 null] >> endobj 1659 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1666 0 obj << /Length 5361 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(362)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-284(work)-284(of)-284(prurient)-283(imaginations)-284(in)-284(the)-284(most)-284(abandoned)-284(age)-283(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(history.)-290(Yet)-264(there)-263(are)-264(traces)-263(in)-263(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 166.269 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-263(writings)-264(that)-263(he)-264(had)-263(not)]TJ -169.902 -13.549 Td [(passed)-307(unscathed)-306(through)-307(the)-307(terrible)-306(ordeal)-307(to)-307(which)-306(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-313(exposed)-313(in)-314(that)-313(age.)-439(There)-314(are)-313(pictures)-313(of)-313(voluptuous)-313(ease)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-284(jaded)-283(satiety)-284(which)-283(may)-283(be)-284(the)-283(work)-284(of)-283(a)-284(keen)-283(sympathetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observation,)-318(but)-305(which)-305(may)-305(also)-304(be)-305(the)-305(expression)-305(of)-304(repentant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(memory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.088 3.959 Td [(1613)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.767 -3.959 Td [(In)-391(any)-390(case,)-426(he)-391(had)-390(sounded)-391(the)-390(very)-391(depths)-391(of)]TJ -62.855 -13.549 Td [(the)-396(moral)-395(abysses)-396(of)-395(his)-396(time.)-687(He)-395(had)-396(no)-395(illusions)-396(about)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(actual)-357(condition)-358(of)-357(human)-357(nature.)-572(The)-358(mass)-357(of)-358(men,)-384(all)-357(but)-357(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(few)-329(naturally)-330(saintly)-329(souls,)-349(were)-329(abandoned)-329(to)-330(lust)-329(or)-329(greed)-329(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(selfish)-286(ambition.)-358(Human)-286(life)-286(was)-286(an)-286(obscene)-286(and)-286(cruel)-285(struggle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-316(wild)-315(beasts)-316(for)-315(the)-316(doles)-316(flung)-315(by)-316(fortune)-315(into)-316(the)-316(arena.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1614)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-390(peace)-390(and)-390(happiness)-390(of)-390(the)-390(early)-390(Eden)-390(have)-390(departed)-389(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever,)-257(leaving)-256(men)-256(to)-256(the)-256(restlessness)-256(of)-256(exhausted)-256(appetite,)-257(or)-256(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-287(half-repentant)-286(sense)-287(of)-286(impotent)-287(lives,)-296(spent)-286(in)-287(pursuing)-286(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(phantoms)-261(of)-260(imaginary)-261(pleasure,)-264(with)-260(broken)-261(glimpses)-261(now)-260(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-250(of)-250(a)-250(world)-250(for)-250(ever)-250(lost.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 124.514 3.959 Td [(1615)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.166 -3.959 Td [(With)-250(such)-250(a)-250(scene)-250(about)-250(him)-250(in)]TJ -143.68 -13.549 Td [(his)-332(declining)-332(years,)-352(whatever)-332(his)-332(own)-332(practice)-332(may)-332(have)-332(been,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-240(came)-241(to)-240(feel)-240(an)-241(evangelistic)-240(passion,)-242(almost)-240(approaching)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(S.)-355(Paul)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.057 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s,)-381(to)-354(open)-355(to)-354(these)-355(sick)-354(perishing)-355(souls)-354(the)-355(vision)-354(of)-355(a)]TJ -35.69 -13.549 Td [(higher)-250(life)-250(through)-250(the)-250(practical)-250(discipline)-250(of)-250(philosophy.)]TJ 11.956 -17.081 Td [(The)-434(tendency)-435(to)-434(regard)-435(the)-434(true)-435(function)-434(of)-435(philosophy)-434(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(purely)-329(ethical,)-348(reforming,)-349(guiding)-328(and)-329(sustaining)-329(character)-328(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conduct,)-420(finds)-387(its)-386(most)-386(emphatic)-386(expression)-386(in)-387(Seneca.)-658(He)-386(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far)-331(more)-331(a)-332(preacher,)-351(a)-331(spiritual)-332(director,)-351(than)-331(a)-332(thinker,)-351(and)-331(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-266(have)-266(proudly)-266(owned)-266(it.)-297(His)-266(highest,)-270(nay,)-270(one)-266(may)-265(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(say)-379(his)-379(only)-378(aim,)-412(is,)-411(in)-378(our)-379(modern)-379(phrase,)-411(to)-379(which)-379(his)-378(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-321(approaches,)-338(to)-321(save)-320(souls.)-462(Philosophy)-321(in)-321(its)-320(highest)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([299])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(and)-290(best)-290(sense)-289(is)-290(not)-290(the)-290(pursuit)-290(of)-289(knowledge)-290(for)-290(its)-290(own)-289(sake,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.004 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.192 Td [(1613)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.059 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.487 0 Td [(77,)-535(\247)-478(16,)-534(ecquid)-478(habes)-478(propter)-478(quod)-477(expectes?)-934(Voluptates)]TJ -52.502 -10.959 Td [(ipsas)-301(quae)-301(te)-300(morantur)-301(consumpsisti....)-402(Nihil)-301(tibi)-301(luxuria)-301(tua)-301(in)-300(futuros)-301(annos)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(reservavit)-250(intactum:)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 85.163 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(89,)-250(\247)-250(21;)-250(90,)-250(\247)-250(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -102.347 -7.311 Td [(1614)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -38.348 -7.394 Td [(1615)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(90,)-250(\247\247)-250(38-41.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1665 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1666 0 R /Resources 1664 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1663 0 R >> endobj 1667 0 obj << /D [1665 0 R /XYZ 316.864 148.814 null] >> endobj 1664 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1670 0 obj << /Length 6084 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(363)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(nor)-342(the)-341(disinterested)-342(play)-342(of)-341(intellect,)-365(regardless)-342(of)-341(intellectual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consequences,)-318(as)-304(in)-304(a)-304(Platonic)-304(dialogue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 177.917 3.959 Td [(1616)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.937 -3.959 Td [(It)-304(is)-304(pre-eminently)]TJ -198.854 -13.549 Td [(the)-232(science)-233(or)-232(the)-232(art)-233(of)-232(right)-232(living,)-236(that)-233(is)-232(of)-232(a)-233(life)-232(conformed)-232(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(right)-203(reason.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.025 3.958 Td [(1617)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.996 -3.958 Td [(Its)-203(great)-204(end)-203(is)-203(the)-203(production)-204(of)-203(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 156.504 0 Td [(sapiens)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.728 0 Td [(,)-213(the)]TJ -262.253 -13.55 Td [(man)-201(who)-200(sees,)-211(in)-201(the)-200(light)-201(of)-201(Eternal)-201(Reason,)-210(the)-201(true)-200(proportions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-264(things,)-268(whose)-264(affections)-265(have)-264(been)-264(trained)-265(to)-264(obey)-264(the)-264(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(law,)-288(whose)-281(will)-281(has)-280(hardened)-281(into)-281(an)-280(unswerving)-281(conformity)-280(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it,)-261(in)-259(all)-259(the)-259(difficulties)-259(of)-258(conduct.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.11 3.959 Td [(1618)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.456 -3.959 Td [(And)-259(the)-259(true)-259(philosopher)]TJ -171.566 -13.549 Td [(is)-290(no)-289(longer)-290(the)-290(col)1(d,)-300(detached)-290(student)-289(of)-290(intellectual)-289(problems,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(far)-532(removed)-531(from)-532(the)-531(struggles)-532(and)-532(the)-531(miseries)-532(of)-531(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life.)-705(He)-402(has)-401(become)-402(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 117.008 0 Td [(generis)-402(humani)-401(paedagogus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 126.33 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.728 3.959 Td [(1619)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.233 -3.959 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(schoolmaster)-248(to)-247(bring)-248(men)-247(to)-248(the)-248(Ideal)-247(Man.)-249(In)-248(comparison)-247(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-265(mission,)-269(all)-265(the)-265(sublimity)-265(or)-265(subtlety)-265(of)-265(the)-265(great)-265(masters)-265(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dialectic)-257(becomes)-256(mere)-257(contemptible)-257(trifling,)-258(as)-257(if)-256(a)-257(man)-256(should)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lose)-396(himself)-396(in)-397(some)-396(game,)-432(or)-397(in)-396(the)-396(rapture)-396(of)-396(sweet)-396(music,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-212(a)-212(great)-213(conflagration)-212(raging)-212(before)-212(his)-213(eyes.)-237(In)-212(the)-212(universal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-316(shipwreck,)-332(how)-315(can)-316(one)-315(toy)-316(with)-316(these)-315(old)-316(world)-315(trifles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(while)-346(the)-345(perishing)-346(are)-346(stretching)-345(out)-346(their)-345(hands)-346(for)-346(help?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1620)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Not)-317(that)-317(Seneca)-316(despises)-317(the)-317(inheritance)-317(of)-316(ancient)-317(wisdom,)-333(so)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(far)-335(as)-336(it)-335(has)-336(any)-335(gospel)-336(for)-335(humanity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.317 3.959 Td [(1621)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.961 -3.959 Td [(He)-335(will)-336(accept)-335(good)]TJ -190.278 -13.549 Td [(moral)-441(teaching)-441(from)-440(any)-441(quarter,)-489(from)-440(Plato)-441(or)-441(Epicurus,)-488(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(readily)-262(as)-261(from)-261(Chrysippus)-262(or)-261(Panaetius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.182 3.959 Td [(1622)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.541 -3.959 Td [(He)-261(is)-262(ready)-261(to)-262(give)]TJ -197.723 -13.549 Td [(almost)-337(divine)-337(honours)-337(to)-336(the)-337(great)-337(teachers)-337(of)-337(the)-337(human)-336(race.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-368(he)-367(also)-368(feels)-367(that)-368(no)-368(moral)-367(teaching)-368(can)-367(be)-368(final.)-603(After)-367(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thousand)-242(ages,)-243(there)-242(will)-242(still)-242(be)-242(room)-242(for)-242(making)-242(some)-241(addition)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 176.358 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 169.545 Td [(1616)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.303 0 Td [(49,)-237(\247)-235(5,)-237(non)-234(vaco)-234(ad)-235(istas)-234(ineptias:)-242(ingens)-234(negotium)-235(in)-234(manibus)-234(est;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 242.168 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -268.427 -10.958 Td [(75,)-269(\247)-266(5,)-269(non)-266(delectent,)-269(verba)-266(nostra,)-269(sed)-266(prosint)-265(...)-297(non)-265(quaerit)-266(aeger)-265(medicum)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(eloquentem;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.187 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.855 0 Td [(88,)-307(\247)-296(36,)-307(plus)-296(scire)-296(quam)-295(sit)-296(satis,)-307(intemperantiae)-296(genus)-296(est.)]TJ -62.041 -10.959 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(71,)-250(\247)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.634 -7.311 Td [(1617)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(89,)-250(\247)-250(8,)-250(nec)-250(philosophia)-250(sine)-250(virtute)-250(est,)-250(nec)-250(sine)-250(philosophia)-250(virtus.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1618)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(66,)-250(\247)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.31 Td [(1619)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(89,)-250(\247)-250(13;)-250(117,)-250(\247\247)-250(30,)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1620)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(48,)-250(\247)-250(8;)-250(75,)-250(\247)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.31 Td [(1621)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(64,)-250(\247)-250(3;)-250(58,)-250(\247)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1622)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Vita)-250(B.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.846 0 Td [(xiii,)-250(where)-250(he)-250(defends)-250(Epicurus.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1669 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1670 0 R /Resources 1668 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1663 0 R >> endobj 1668 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1673 0 obj << /Length 5365 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(364)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-254(the)-255(message)-254(of)-254(the)-255(past.)-262(There)-255(will)-254(always)-254(be)-255(a)-254(need)-254(for)-254(fresh)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adjustments)-223(and)-223(applications)-222(of)-223(the)-223(remedies)-223(which)-223(past)-222(wisdom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-250(handed)-250(down.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.469 3.959 Td [(1623)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -66.513 -26.71 Td [(It)-244(is)-244(almost)-245(needless)-244(to)-244(say)-244(that)-245(Seneca)-244(has)-244(almost)-244(a)-244(contempt)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(for)-410(the)-409(so-called)-410(liberal)-410(studies)-409(of)-410(his)-409(day.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.19 3.959 Td [(1624)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.39 -3.959 Td [(There)-410(is)-409(only)]TJ -219.58 -13.549 Td [(one)-421(truly)-421(liberal)-421(study,)-464(that)-421(which)-421(aims)-421(at)-421(liberating)-421(the)-421(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-392(the)-391(bondage)-392(of)-392(desire.)-675(Granted)-391(that)-392(it)-392(is)-391(necessary)-392(as)-391(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mental)-458(discipline)-458(to)-458(submit)-457(to)-458(the)-458(grammarian)-458(in)-458(youth;)-561(yet)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([300])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(experience)-445(shows)-445(that)-445(this)-445(training)-445(does)-445(nothing)-445(to)-445(form)-444(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtuous)-331(character.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.069 3.959 Td [(1625)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.815 -3.959 Td [(Who)-331(can)-331(respect)-331(a)-331(man)-331(who)-331(wastes)-331(his)]TJ -103.884 -13.549 Td [(mature)-325(years,)-343(like)-325(Didymus,)-343(in)-324(inquiries)-325(as)-325(to)-324(the)-325(relative)-324(ages)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(Hecuba)-362(or)-362(Helen,)-389(or)-362(the)-362(name)-362(of)-362(the)-362(mother)-362(of)-362(Aeneas,)-389(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-354(character)-354(of)-353(Anacreon)-354(or)-354(Sappho?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.748 3.959 Td [(1626)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.562 -3.959 Td [(The)-354(man)-354(of)-353(serious)]TJ -193.31 -13.549 Td [(purpose)-362(will)-362(rather)-361(try)-362(to)-362(forget)-361(these)-362(trifles)-362(than)-362(continue)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(study)-503(of)-503(them.)-1008(And)-503(Seneca)-503(treats)-502(in)-503(the)-503(same)-503(fashion)-502(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hair-splitting)-343(and)-343(verbal)-343(subtleties)-343(of)-343(some)-343(of)-343(the)-343(older)-343(Stoics.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-321(acquiesces)-322(indeed,)-339(in)-321(their)-321(threefold)-322(division)-321(of)-321(Philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(into)-326(Logic,)-345(Physics,)-345(and)-327(Ethics;)-364(but)-326(for)-326(the)-326(first)-326(department)-326(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-240(to)-241(have)-240(but)-241(scant)-240(respect,)-242(though)-241(once)-240(or)-241(twice)-240(he)-240(amuses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-394(pupil)-394(Lucilius)-394(by)-393(a)-394(disquisition)-394(on)-394(Genus)-394(and)-394(Species,)-429(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-309(Platonic)-309(and)-308(Aristotelian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 129.829 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Causes,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.632 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.212 0 Td [(in)-309(the)-308(style)-309(of)-309(the)-309(Stoic)]TJ -176.517 -13.549 Td [(scholasticism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.517 3.959 Td [(1627)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.016 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-337(was)-337(writing)-337(for)-337(posterity;)-381(he)-337(has)-337(his)]TJ -83.533 -13.549 Td [(intellectual)-313(vanity;)-345(and)-313(he)-313(probably)-313(wished)-313(to)-313(show)-314(that,)-328(while)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(he)-405(set)-406(but)-405(little)-405(store)-406(by)-405(such)-405(studies,)-445(this)-405(was)-405(not)-406(due)-405(to)-405(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperfect)-413(knowledge)-412(of)-413(them.)-737(It)-413(is)-412(because)-413(life)-412(is)-413(too)-412(short,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-262(its)-262(great)-261(problems)-262(are)-262(too)-262(urgent,)-265(t)1(o)-262(permit)-262(a)-262(serious)-262(man)-261(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spend)-230(his)-230(precious)-229(years)-230(in)-230(fruitless)-230(intellectual)-230(play.)-243(He)-230(calls)-229(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucilius)-251(to)-250(leave)-251(such)-251(barren)-251(subt)1(leties,)-251(which)-251(bring)-251(the)-250(greatest)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.513 Td [(1623)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(64,)-250(\247)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.31 Td [(1624)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(88,)-250(\247)-250(37,)-250(\247)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.395 Td [(1625)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(88,)-250(\247)-250(2,)-250(unum)-250(studium)-250(vere)-250(liberale)-250(est)-250(quod)-250(liberum)-250(facit,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.31 Td [(1626)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(39;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(88.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -72.967 -7.311 Td [(1627)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(89;)-250(66,)-250(\247)-250(33;)-250(58,)-250(\247)-250(8.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1672 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1673 0 R /Resources 1671 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1663 0 R >> endobj 1674 0 obj << /D [1672 0 R /XYZ 93.543 414.129 null] >> endobj 1675 0 obj << /D [1672 0 R /XYZ 326 359.933 null] >> endobj 1671 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1678 0 obj << /Length 5289 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(365)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-250(all)-250(themes)-250(down)-250(to)-250(the)-250(level)-250(of)-250(intellectual)-250(jugglery.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.367 3.959 Td [(1628)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -227.411 -26.814 Td [(For)-234(the)-234(department)-234(of)-234(Physics)-234(Seneca)-234(has)-234(much)-234(more)-234(respect,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(and)-336(he)-336(evidently)-337(devoted)-336(much)-336(attention)-336(to)-336(it.)-509(We)-336(have)-336(traces)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-418(some)-419(lost)-418(works)-418(of)-419(his)-418(on)-418(scientific)-418(subjects,)-461(and)-418(there)-418(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(still)-516(extant)-515(a)-516(treatise)-516(in)-516(seven)-515(books)-516(on)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 194.692 0 Td [(Natural)-516(Questions)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 83.211 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(which)-374(became)-373(a)-374(handbook)-373(of)-374(science)-373(in)-374(the)-373(Middle)-374(Ages.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1629)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-454(deals)-454(with)-454(such)-455(subjects)-454(as)-454(we)-454(meet)-454(with)-454(in)-454(the)-454(poem)-454(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucretius,)-457(thunder)-416(and)-415(lightning,)-457(winds)-416(and)-415(earthquakes,)-457(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rising)-234(and)-235(failing)-234(springs.)-245(But)-234(it)-234(has)-234(perhaps)-235(less)-234(of)-234(the)-234(scientific)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-386(than)-386(Lucretius,)-420(according)-387(to)-386(our)-386(modern)-386(standards.)-658(We)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-359(abundant)-358(reference)-359(to)-359(old)-358(physical)-359(authorities,)-386(to)-358(Thales,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Anaximenes,)-328(Anaximander,)-329(Diogenes)-313(of)-312(Apollonia,)-329(to)-312(Caecina)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-244(Attalus.)-248(But)-244(the)-244(conception)-244(of)-244(any)-244(scientific)-244(method)-243(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-169(or)-168(less)-169(ingenious)-168(hypothesis,)-185(or)-169(of)-168(any)-169(scientific)-168(verification)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([301])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(of)-455(hypothesis,)-505(is)-455(utterly)-454(absent.)-864(This)-454(is)-455(of)-454(course)-455(a)-454(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(characteristic)-362(of)-362(most)-361(of)-362(the)-362(scientific)-362(effort)-361(of)-362(antiquity.)-585(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth)-467(is)-466(that,)-521(although)-467(Seneca)-467(probably)-466(had)-467(some)-467(interest)-466(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural)-197(phenomena,)-208(he)-197(had)-197(a)-197(far)-197(more)-197(profound)-197(interest)-196(in)-197(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-162(and)-162(human)-161(destiny.)-221(The)-162(older)-162(Stoics,)-179(with)-162(some)-161(variations,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(subordinated)-219(Physics)-219(to)-219(Ethics,)-225(as)-219(of)-219(inferior)-219(and)-219(only)-218(subsidiary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(importance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.808 3.959 Td [(1630)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.681 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-510(carries)-510(this)-511(subordination)-510(almost)-510(to)]TJ -79.489 -13.549 Td [(extremes,)-441(although)-403(he)-403(also)-403(is)-402(sometimes)-403(inconsistent.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.743 3.959 Td [(1631)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.167 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(thinks)-263(it)-262(significant)-263(that)-262(while)-263(the)-263(World-Spirit)-262(has)-263(hidden)-262(gold,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-473(great)-473(tempter)-473(and)-473(corruptor,)-529(far)-473(beneath)-473(our)-474(feet,)-528(it)-473(has)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(displayed,)-430(in)-395(mysterious)-394(yet)-394(pompous)-395(splendour,)-430(in)-394(the)-394(azure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(canopy)-207(above)-207(us,)-215(the)-207(heavenly)-206(orbs)-207(which)-207(are)-207(popularly)-206(believed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-454(control)-454(our)-453(destiny)-454(in)-454(the)-454(material)-453(sense,)-505(and)-454(which)-453(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-378(govern)-378(it,)-409(by)-378(raising)-378(our)-377(minds)-378(to)-378(the)-378(contemplation)-377(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.269 Td [(1628)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.386 0 Td [(71,)-310(\247)-299(6,)-310(erige)-299(te)-298(et)-298(relinque)-299(istum)-298(ludum)-299(literarium)-298(philosophorum)-298(qui)]TJ -24.341 -10.959 Td [(rem)-250(magnificam)-250(ad)-250(syllabas)-250(vocant,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1629)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Teuffel,)-250(ii.)-250(\247)-250(284,)-250(n.)-250(6;)-250(cf.)-250(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 120.526 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(623.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -198.227 -7.31 Td [(1630)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(56.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1631)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(117,)-250(\247)-250(19;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.358 0 Td [(Nat.)-250(Quaest.)-250(Prol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.508 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(65,)-250(\247)-250(15;)-250(cf.)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1.)-250(622.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1677 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1678 0 R /Resources 1676 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1663 0 R >> endobj 1679 0 obj << /D [1677 0 R /XYZ 81.955 332.729 null] >> endobj 1676 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1682 0 obj << /Length 6158 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(366)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(an)-356(infinite)-356(mystery)-357(and)-356(a)-356(marvellous)-356(order.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.099 3.959 Td [(1632)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.641 -3.959 Td [(To)-356(Seneca,)-383(as)]TJ -217.74 -13.549 Td [(to)-411(Kant,)-450(there)-411(seems)-411(a)-410(mystic)-411(tie)-411(between)-410(the)-411(starry)-410(heavens)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(above)-297(and)-298(the)-297(moral)-297(law)-298(within.)-392(In)-297(the)-297(prologue)-298(to)-297(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 246.681 0 Td [(Natural)]TJ -246.681 -13.549 Td [(Questions)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.637 0 Td [(,)-248(indeed,)-248(carried)-248(away)-248(for)-247(the)-248(moment)-248(by)-248(the)-247(grandeur)]TJ -43.637 -13.55 Td [(of)-400(his)-399(theme,)-437(Seneca)-400(seems)-399(to)-400(exalt)-400(the)-399(contemplation)-400(of)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infinite)-198(distances)-198(and)-199(mysteri)1(ous)-199(depths)-198(and)-198(majestic)-198(order)-198(of)-198(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stellar)-287(world)-287(far)-287(above)-286(the)-287(moral)-287(struggles)-287(of)-287(our)-287(mundane)-286(life.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-255(earth)-256(shrinks)-255(to)-256(a)-255(mere)-256(point)-255(in)-256(infinitude,)-257(an)-255(ant-hill)-255(where)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-241(human)-242(insects)-241(mark)-241(out)-241(their)-242(Lilliputian)-241(territories)-241(and)-241(make)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-356(wars)-357(and)-356(voyages)-357(for)-356(their)-357(lifetime)-356(of)-357(an)-356(hour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.857 3.959 Td [(1633)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.65 -3.959 Td [(This,)]TJ -258.507 -13.549 Td [(however,)-404(is)-373(rather)-373(a)-373(piece)-373(of)-373(rhetoric)-373(than)-373(a)-372(careful)-373(statement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-354(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.84 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-354(real)-353(view.)-561(In)-354(the)-354(Letters,)-379(again)-354(and)-354(again,)-379(we)-354(are)]TJ -47.473 -13.549 Td [(told)-334(that)-334(virtue)-335(is)-334(the)-334(one)-334(important)-335(thing,)-355(that)-334(the)-334(conquest)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passion)-238(raises)-238(man)-239(to)-238(be)-238(equal)-238(to)-238(God,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.956 3.958 Td [(1634)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.063 -3.958 Td [(and)-238(that)-238(in)-239(the)-238(release)]TJ -186.019 -13.55 Td [(of)-211(the)-212(rational)-211(or)-212(divine)-211(part)-212(of)-211(us)-212(from)-211(bondage)-211(to)-212(the)-211(flesh,)-219(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recovers)-341(a)-341(lost)-341(liberty,)-364(a)-341(primeval)-341(dignity.)-523(But)-341(in)-340(this)-341(struggle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-420(spirit)-419(may)-420(refresh)-420(and)-419(elevate)-420(itself)-420(by)-419(looking)-420(up)-420(to)-419(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-232(world)-231(from)-231(which)-232(it)-231(draws)-232(its)-231(origin,)-236(and)-231(to)-232(which)-231(it)-231(may,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perchance,)-245(return.)-248(To)-243(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.765 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-244(mind)-243(the)-243(so-called)-244(physics)-243(really)]TJ -130.397 -13.55 Td [(involve)-325(theology)-326(and)-325(metaphysics.)-477(In)-325(the)-326(contemplation)-325(of)-325(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([302])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(vastness)-356(of)-357(the)-356(material)-356(universe,)-383(the)-356(mind)-357(may)-356(be)-356(aroused)-356(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-219(urgency)-220(and)-219(interest)-220(of)-219(the)-220(great)-219(questions)-219(touching)-220(God,)-225(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(relation)-247(to)-247(fate,)-247(to)-247(the)-247(world,)-247(and)-247(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.018 3.959 Td [(1635)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.154 -3.959 Td [(The)-247(scientific)-247(interest)]TJ -186.172 -13.549 Td [(in)-218(Seneca)-219(is)-218(evidently)-218(not)-219(the)-218(strongest.)-239(There)-219(are)-218(still)-218(indeed)-218(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(echoes)-198(of)-198(the)-199(old)-198(philosophies)-198(which)-198(sought)-198(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 210.874 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-198(true)-198(greatness)]TJ -214.507 -13.55 Td [(and)-181(final)-181(beatitude)-180(in)-181(the)-181(clear)-181(vision)-180(of)-181(abstract)-181(truth.)-227(But)-180(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-378(travelling)-379(rapidly)-378(on)-378(the)-378(way)-378(which)-379(leads)-378(to)-378(another)-378(vision)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-330(the)-329(celestial)-330(city,)-349(in)-329(which)-330(emotion,)-349(the)-330(passionate)-329(yearning)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.27 Td [(1632)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Nat.)-250(Quaest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.324 0 Td [(v.)-250(15;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.117 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(88,)-250(\247)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -110.581 -7.31 Td [(1633)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Nat.)-1108(Quaest.)-1108(Prol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 85.705 0 Td [(\247)-536(11,)-608(formicarum)-536(iste)-536(discursus)-536(est)-536(in)-536(augusto)]TJ -97.661 -10.959 Td [(laborantium....)-653(Punctum)-384(est)-385(istud)-384(in)-385(quo)-384(navigatis,)-418(in)-384(quo)-385(bellatis;)-451(Sursum)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(ingentia)-250(spatia)-250(sunt,)-250(etc.;)-250(cf.)-250(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 134.971 0 Td [(Som.)-250(Scip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.847 0 Td [(i.)-250(16,)-250(\247)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -177.557 -7.311 Td [(1634)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.549 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.317 0 Td [(73,)-372(\247)-347(13,)-372(sic)-347(deus)-347(non)-347(vincit)-348(sapientem)-347(felicitate)-347(etiamsi)-348(vincit)]TJ -47.822 -10.959 Td [(aetate.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(1635)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Pl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.41 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.393 0 Td [(79)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 11.208 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(;)-250(Arist.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.15 0 Td [(Eth.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(ix)-250(8,)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1681 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1682 0 R /Resources 1680 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1663 0 R >> endobj 1683 0 obj << /D [1681 0 R /XYZ 129.821 260.74 null] >> endobj 1680 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1686 0 obj << /Length 6168 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(367)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(for)-251(holiness)-250(as)-250(well)-251(as)-250(truth,)-251(blends)-251(with)-250(and)-250(tends)-251(to)-250(overpower)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-407(ideal)-407(of)-407(a)-407(passionless)-407(eternity)-407(of)-407(intellectual)-407(intuition.)-720(In)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.895 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-362(rapturous)-362(outburst)-363(on)-362(the)-362(gate)-362(of)-362(deliverance)-362(opened)]TJ -34.528 -13.549 Td [(by)-362(death,)-390(making)-363(allowance)-362(for)-362(difference)-362(of)-362(associations)-362(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(beliefs,)-218(there)-210(is)-211(surely)-210(a)-210(strange)-211(note)-210(of)-210(kindred)-210(sympathy,)-218(across)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(gulf)-250(of)-250(thirteen)-250(centuries,)-250(with)-250(Thomas)-250(\340)-250(Kempis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 233.302 3.959 Td [(1636)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -221.346 -18.137 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 19.343 0 Td [(Natural)-218(Questions)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 82.345 0 Td [(were,)-225(as)-218(he)-218(tells)-218(us,)-224(the)-219(work)-218(of)-218(his)-218(old)]TJ -113.644 -13.549 Td [(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 17.87 3.959 Td [(1637)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.875 -3.959 Td [(He)-170(has)-170(a)-171(lofty)-170(conception)-170(of)-170(his)-170(task,)-187(of)-170(the)-170(importance)-170(of)]TJ -36.745 -13.549 Td [(the)-185(subject)-185(to)-186(the)-185(right)-185(culture)-185(of)-185(the)-186(spirit,)-198(and)-185(he)-185(summons)-185(up)-185(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-231(remaining)-231(energy)-230(to)-231(do)-231(it)-231(justice.)-243(But)-231(the)-231(work)-231(falls)-231(far)-230(short,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-227(interest)-228(and)-227(executive)-228(skill,)-232(of)-227(a)-228(treatise)-227(like)-228(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 219.676 0 Td [(De)-227(Beneficiis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 58.227 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(and)-427(the)-426(principle)-427(of)-426(edification)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 142.225 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(omnibus)-427(sermonibus)-426(aliquid)]TJ -153.134 -13.549 Td [(salutare)-289(miscendum)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.998 3.959 Td [(1638)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.438 -3.959 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(is)-289(too)-290(obtrusive,)-299(and)-290(sometimes)-289(leads)]TJ -115.345 -13.549 Td [(to)-301(incongruous)-301(and)-302(almost)-301(ludicrous)-301(effects.)-404(A)-301(reference)-301(to)-301(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mullet)-321(launches)-320(him)-321(on)-320(a)-321(discourse)-320(on)-321(luxury.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.581 3.959 Td [(1639)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.473 -3.959 Td [(A)-320(discourse)]TJ -228.054 -13.549 Td [(on)-327(mirrors)-326(would)-327(hardly)-327(seem)-327(to)-326(lend)-327(itself)-327(to)-326(moralising.)-480(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-431(invention)-431(furnishes)-432(to)-431(Seneca)-431(impressive)-431(lessons)-431(on)-431(self-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knowledge,)-302(and)-291(a)-292(chance)-291(of)-291(glorifying)-292(the)-291(simple)-292(age)-291(when)-291(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unkempt)-237(daughter)-236(of)-237(a)-236(Scipio,)-240(who)-236(received)-237(her)-236(scanty)-237(dowry)-236(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(uncoined)-186(metal,)-198(had)-186(never)-186(had)-186(her)-185(vanity)-186(aroused)-186(by)-186(the)-185(reflected)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(image)-223(of)-223(her)-224(charms.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 91.217 3.959 Td [(1640)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.069 -3.959 Td [(The)-223(subject)-223(of)-224(lightning)-223(naturally)-223(gives)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.738 0 Td [([303])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(occasion)-315(to)-315(a)-314(homily)-315(against)-315(the)-315(fear)-315(of)-314(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.525 3.959 Td [(1641)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.286 -3.959 Td [(A)-315(prologue,)]TJ -227.811 -13.549 Td [(on)-278(the)-279(conflict)-278(to)-279(be)-278(waged)-278(with)-279(passion)-278(and)-279(luxury)-278(and)-278(chance)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 209.074 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 202.261 Td [(1636)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.343 0 Td [(102,)-515(\247)-462(26,)-514(dies)-462(iste,)-515(quem)-462(tanquam)-461(extremum)-462(reformidas,)-515(aeterni)]TJ -28.299 -10.958 Td [(natalis)-397(est)-398(...)-692(discutietur)-397(ista)-397(caligo)-398(et)-397(lux)-397(undique)-397(clara)-398(percutiet)-397(...)-692(nulla)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(serenum)-278(umbra)-279(turbabit.)-334(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 105.625 0 Td [(De)-278(Imit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.131 0 Td [(iii.)-335(48,)-285(\247)-278(1,)-286(O)-278(supernae)-278(civitatis)-278(mansio)]TJ -137.756 -10.959 Td [(beatissima!)-282(O)-261(dies)-261(aeternitatis)-261(clarissima,)-263(quam)-261(nox)-261(non)-261(obscurat,)-263(sed)-261(summa)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Veritas)-226(semper)-226(irradiat!)-242(Lucet)-226(quidem)-226(Sanctis)-226(perpetua)-226(claritate)-226(splendida,)-231(sed)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(non)-250(nisi)-250(a)-250(longe)-250(et)-250(per)-250(speculum)-250(peregrinantibus)-250(in)-250(terra.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1637)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Nat.)-224(Quaest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.379 0 Td [(iii.)-224(Praef.,)-186(non)-171(praeterit)-171(me)-171(quam)-171(magnarum)-171(rerum)-171(fundamenta)]TJ -58.334 -10.959 Td [(ponam)-250(senex.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1638)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(59,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1639)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii,)-250(\247)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1640)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.819 0 Td [(i.)-875(17,)-510(\247)-458(8,)-511(An)-458(tu)-458(existimas)-458(auro)-459(inditum)-458(habuisse)-458(Scipionis)-458(filias)]TJ -25.774 -10.959 Td [(speculum)-250(cum)-250(illis)-250(dos)-250(fuisset)-250(aes)-250(grave?)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1641)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Nat.)-250(Quaest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.324 0 Td [(ii.)-250(59,)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1685 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1686 0 R /Resources 1684 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1688 0 R >> endobj 1687 0 obj << /D [1685 0 R /XYZ 263.156 246.562 null] >> endobj 1684 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1691 0 obj << /Length 5681 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(368)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-312(change,)-327(winds)-312(up)-312(abruptly)-312(with)-312(the)-311(invitation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 221.241 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(quaeramus)]TJ -232.15 -13.549 Td [(ergo)-299(de)-299(aquis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 63.714 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 12.507 0 Td [(qua)-299(ratione)-299(fiant)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 74.406 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.728 3.959 Td [(1642)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.763 -3.959 Td [(The)-299(investigation)-299(closes)]TJ -174.118 -13.549 Td [(with)-297(an)-297(imaginative)-297(description)-297(of)-297(the)-297(great)-297(cataclysm)-297(which)-296(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(destined)-211(to)-211(overwhelm)-211(in)-211(ruin)-211(the)-211(present)-211(order.)-237(The)-210(earthquakes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-229(Campania)-229(in)-229(66)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 82.108 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.475 0 Td [(naturally)-229(furnish)-229(many)-229(moral)-228(lessons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 163.609 3.959 Td [(1643)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-445(closing)-445(passage)-445(of)-445(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 129.095 0 Td [(Natural)-445(Questions)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 87.293 0 Td [(is)-445(perhaps)-445(the)]TJ -216.388 -13.549 Td [(best,)-359(and)-336(the)-337(most)-337(worthy)-337(of)-337(Seneca.)-510(In)-337(all)-337(these)-337(inquiries,)-358(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(says,)-264(into)-262(the)-261(secrets)-261(of)-262(nature,)-264(we)-261(should)-262(proceed)-261(with)-261(reverent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(caution)-421(and)-422(self-distrust,)-464(as)-421(men)-422(veil)-421(their)-421(faces)-422(and)-421(bend)-421(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(humbleness)-257(before)-258(a)-257(sacrifice.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.32 3.959 Td [(1644)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.408 -3.959 Td [(How)-257(many)-258(an)-257(orb,)-260(moving)-257(in)]TJ -151.728 -13.549 Td [(the)-212(depths)-213(of)-212(space,)-220(has)-213(never)-212(yet)-212(risen)-213(upon)-212(the)-213(eyes)-212(of)-213(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1645)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-250(Great)-251(Author)-250(Himself)-251(is)-250(only)-250(dimly)-251(visible)-250(to)-251(the)-250(inner)-250(eye,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-253(there)-253(are)-254(vast)-253(regions)-253(of)-253(His)-254(universe)-253(which)-253(are)-253(still)-253(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-277(ken,)-285(which)-277(dazzle)-277(us)-278(by)-277(their)-277(effulgence,)-284(or)-278(elude)-277(our)-277(gross)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(senses)-322(by)-323(their)-322(subtle)-323(secrecy.)-467(We)-322(are)-322(halting)-323(on)-322(the)-322(threshold)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-401(the)-401(great)-401(mysteries.)-703(There)-401(are)-401(many)-401(things)-401(destined)-401(to)-401(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revealed)-238(to)-239(far-distant)-238(ages,)-241(when)-238(our)-238(memory)-239(shall)-238(have)-238(passed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(away,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.746 3.959 Td [(1646)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.5 -3.959 Td [(of)-421(which)-421(our)-422(time)-421(does)-421(not)-421(deserve)-421(the)-422(revelation.)]TJ -47.246 -13.549 Td [(Our)-248(energies)-247(are)-248(spent)-248(in)-248(discovering)-247(fresh)-248(ingenuities)-248(of)-247(luxury)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-447(monstrous)-447(vice.)-842(No)-447(one)-448(gives)-447(a)-447(thought)-447(to)-447(philosophy;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-378(schools)-379(of)-378(ancient)-379(wisdom)-378(are)-379(deserted)-378(and)-379(left)-378(without)-378(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(head.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.324 3.959 Td [(1647)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.854 -3.959 Td [(It)-271(is)-271(in)-271(this)-271(spirit)-271(that)-271(Seneca)-271(undertook)-271(his)-271(mission)-271(as)]TJ -43.178 -13.549 Td [(a)-250(saviour)-250(of)-250(souls.)]TJ 11.956 -14.399 Td [(Seneca,)-473(in)-429(the)-429(epilogue)-429(to)-428(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 143.381 0 Td [(Natural)-429(Questions)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 82.263 0 Td [(,)-473(remarks)]TJ -237.6 -13.549 Td [(sarcastically)-341(that,)-364(as)-341(all)-340(human)-341(progress)-341(is)-341(slow,)-364(so,)-364(even)-340(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-362(our)-362(efforts)-362(of)-362(self-indulgence,)-390(we)-362(have)-362(not)-362(yet)-362(reached)-362(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(finished)-270(perfection)-271(of)-270(depravity;)-281(we)-270(are)-271(still)-270(making)-270(discoveries)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.551 Td [(1642)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1643)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1644)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(30,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1645)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.532 0 Td [(vii.)-234(30,)-213(\247)-203(3,)-212(quam)-204(multa)-203(praeter)-203(hos)-203(per)-203(secretum)-203(eunt)-203(nunquam)-204(humanis)]TJ -23.487 -10.959 Td [(oculis)-250(orientia?)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1646)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.947 0 Td [(\247)-249(5,)-250(multa)-249(venientis)-250(aevi)-249(populus)-250(ignota)-249(nobis)-250(sciet,)-249(multa)-250(saeculis)-249(tunc)]TJ -23.902 -10.959 Td [(futuris,)-250(cum)-250(memoria)-250(nostra)-250(exoleverit,)-250(reservantur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1647)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(31.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1690 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1691 0 R /Resources 1689 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1688 0 R >> endobj 1689 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1694 0 obj << /Length 5530 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(369)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-409(vice.)-725(In)-409(another)-408(passage)-409(he)-409(maintains)-408(that)-409(his)-408(own)-409(age)-408(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-348(worse)-348(than)-348(others.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.525 3.959 Td [(1648)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.375 -3.959 Td [(But)-348(this)-348(is)-348(only)-348(because)-348(at)-348(all)-348(times)]TJ -118.9 -13.549 Td [(the)-481(mass)-481(of)-481(men)-481(are)-482(bad.)-943(Such)-481(pessimism)-481(in)-481(the)-481(first)-481(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(second)-461(centuries)-462(was)-461(a)-461(prevalent)-461(tone.)-884(We)-462(meet)-461(it)-461(alike)-461(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Persius,)-266(Petronius,)-266(Martial,)-265(and)-263(Juvenal,)-266(and)-262(in)-263(Seneca,)-265(Tacitus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny,)-326(Epictetus,)-326(and)-311(Marcus)-311(Aurelius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.76 3.959 Td [(1649)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.156 -3.959 Td [(The)-311(rage)-311(for)-310(wealth)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.108 0 Td [([304])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(and)-353(luxury,)-379(the)-353(frenzy)-353(of)-353(vice)-353(which)-353(perverted)-353(natural)-353(healthy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instincts)-162(and)-162(violated)-162(the)-162(last)-163(retreats)-162(of)-162(modesty,)-179(the)-162(combination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-248(ostentation)-248(and)-248(meanness)-248(in)-248(social)-247(life,)-249(the)-248(cowardice)-248(and)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cruelty)-378(which)-378(are)-379(twin)-378(offspring)-378(of)-378(pampered)-378(self-indulgence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-476(vanity)-475(of)-476(culture)-475(and)-476(the)-475(vanishing)-476(of)-475(ideals,)-532(the)-475(vague)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(restless)-388(ennui,)-422(hovering)-388(between)-388(satiety)-388(and)-388(passion,)-422(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faint)-233(glimpses)-233(of)-232(goodness)-233(and)-233(ignominious)-233(failure,)-236(between)-232(fits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-275(ambition)-275(and)-274(self-abandoned)-275(languor,)-281(all)-275(these)-275(and)-275(more)-274(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(come)-381(under)-380(the)-381(eye)-380(of)-381(Seneca)-380(as)-381(an)-380(observer)-381(or)-380(a)-381(director)-380(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(souls.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.157 3.959 Td [(1650)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.056 -3.959 Td [(It)-220(is)-220(a)-219(lost)-220(world)-220(that)-220(he)-219(has)-220(before)-220(him,)-226(trying)-220(fruitless)]TJ -44.213 -13.549 Td [(anodynes)-437(for)-438(its)-437(misery,)-484(holding)-438(out)-437(its)-437(hands)-438(for)-437(help)-437(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-391(quarter.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.643 3.959 Td [(1651)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.789 -3.959 Td [(The)-391(consuming)-391(earnestness)-392(of)-391(Seneca,)-427(about)]TJ -77.432 -13.549 Td [(which,)-319(in)-305(spite)-305(of)-305(his)-304(rhetoric,)-319(there)-305(can)-305(be)-305(no)-305(mistake,)-319(and)-304(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(endless)-294(iteration)-293(are)-294(the)-293(measure)-294(of)-294(his)-293(feeling)-294(as)-293(to)-294(the)-293(gravity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-396(the)-397(case.)-689(Seneca)-397(is)-396(the)-397(earliest)-396(and)-397(most)-396(powerful)-396(apostle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-342(a)-342(great)-342(moral)-342(revival.)-526(His)-342(studied)-342(phrase,)-365(his)-341(epigrammatic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(point)-394(seem)-394(often)-394(out)-393(of)-394(place;)-466(his)-394(occasionally)-394(tinsel)-393(rhetoric)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-367(offends)-367(a)-366(modern)-367(taste.)-600(We)-367(often)-367(miss)-367(the)-366(austere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-308(simple)-308(seriousness)-308(of)-308(Epictetus,)-322(the)-308(cultivated)-308(serenity)-307(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-326(calm)-325(clear-sighted)-326(resignation)-325(of)-326(Marcus)-325(Aurelius.)-477(Still)-325(let)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us)-334(admit)-334(that)-335(here)-334(is)-334(a)-334(man,)-355(with)-335(all)-334(his)-334(moral)-334(faults)-334(which)-334(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freely)-384(confesses,)-418(with)-384(all)-384(his)-384(rhetoric)-383(which)-384(was)-384(a)-384(part)-384(of)-384(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-388(nature,)-423(who)-388(felt)-388(he)-389(had)-388(a)-388(mission,)-423(and)-388(meant)-388(to)-388(fulfil)-388(it)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.249 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.436 Td [(1648)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.596 0 Td [(i.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.291 -7.31 Td [(1649)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.567 0 Td [(De)-274(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.864 0 Td [(,)-280(ii.)-320(8,)-280(9;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.616 0 Td [(Ad)-274(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.53 0 Td [(ii.)-321(11,)-279(17,)-280(20;)-285(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.106 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.642 0 Td [(ii.)-321(37;)-285(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.649 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -266.929 -10.959 Td [(88;)-250(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(v.)-250(33;)-250(v.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.395 Td [(1650)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(77,)-250(\247)-250(6;)-250(24,)-250(\247)-250(25;)-250(89,)-250(\247)-250(21;)-250(95,)-250(\247)-250(16;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 131.017 0 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(c.)-250(i.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -217.191 -7.394 Td [(1651)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(48,)-250(\247)-250(8.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1693 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1694 0 R /Resources 1692 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1688 0 R >> endobj 1695 0 obj << /D [1693 0 R /XYZ 122.983 450.429 null] >> endobj 1692 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1698 0 obj << /Length 6782 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(370)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(with)-280(all)-280(the)-280(resources)-280(of)-280(his)-281(mind.)-340(He)-280(is)-280(one)-280(of)-280(the)-280(few)-280(heathen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moralists)-241(who)-242(warm)-241(moral)-241(teaching)-241(with)-242(the)-241(emotion)-241(of)-241(modern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion,)-369(and)-346(touch)-345(it)-345(with)-346(the)-345(sadness)-345(and)-346(the)-345(yearning)-345(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spring)-272(from)-273(a)-272(consciousness)-272(of)-272(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.859 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-272(infinite)-273(capacities)-272(and)-272(his)]TJ -161.491 -13.55 Td [(actual)-425(degradation;)-513(one)-426(in)-425(whose)-426(eyes)-425(can)-425(be)-426(seen)-425(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 257.601 0 Td [(amor)]TJ -257.601 -13.549 Td [(ulterioris)-315(ripae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 67.079 0 Td [(,)-331(in)-315(whose)-315(teaching)-315(there)-315(are)-315(searching)-315(precepts)]TJ -67.079 -13.549 Td [(which)-385(go)-385(to)-384(the)-385(roots)-385(of)-385(conduct,)-418(and)-385(are)-384(true)-385(for)-385(all)-385(ages)-384(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-464(race.)-893(He)-464(adheres)-464(formally)-464(to)-465(the)-464(lines)-464(of)-464(the)-464(old)-464(Stoic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system)-346(in)-346(his)-347(moments)-346(of)-346(calm)-346(logical)-347(consistency.)-538(But)-346(when)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-208(enthusiasm)-207(of)-208(humanity,)-216(the)-208(passion)-208(to)-207(win)-208(souls)-208(to)-207(goodness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-225(moral)-225(truth)-225(is)-225(upon)-225(him,)-230(all)-225(the)-225(old)-225(philosophical)-224(differences)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fade,)-328(the)-312(new)-313(wine)-312(bursts)-312(the)-313(old)-312(bottles;)-344(the)-312(Platonic)-312(dualism,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-290(eternal)-291(conflict)-290(of)-291(flesh)-290(and)-291(spirit,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.557 3.959 Td [(1652)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.717 -3.959 Td [(the)-290(Platonic)-291(vision)-290(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -259.029 0 Td [([305])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(God,)-345(nay,)-345(a)-326(higher)-326(vision)-326(of)-326(the)-326(Creator,)-345(the)-326(pitiful)-326(and)-326(loving)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Guardian,)-375(the)-349(Giver)-350(of)-349(all)-350(good,)-374(the)-350(Power)-350(which)-349(draws)-350(us)-349(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Himself,)-362(who)-340(receives)-340(us)-340(at)-340(death,)-363(and)-340(in)-340(whom)-340(is)-340(our)-339(eternal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beatitude,)-279(these)-274(ideas,)-279(so)-273(alien)-273(to)-274(the)-273(older)-273(Stoicism,)-279(transfigure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-382(hardness,)-415(and)-383(its)-382(cold,)-415(repellent)-382(moral)-382(idealism)-382(becomes)-382(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.666 3.958 Td [(1653)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.686 -3.958 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.894 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-327(system)-327(is)-327(really)-327(a)-327(religion;)-366(it)-327(is)-327(morality)]TJ -92.879 -13.55 Td [(inspired)-237(by)-236(belief)-237(in)-237(a)-236(spiritual)-237(world)-237(and)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 181.845 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(touched)-237(by)-236(emotion.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.097 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(In)-251(a)-251(remarkable)-250(letter,)-251(he)-251(discusses)-251(the)-251(question)-251(whether,)-251(for)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conduct)-336(of)-335(life,)-357(precept)-335(is)-336(sufficient)-336(without)-335(dogma,)-357(whether)-335(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-253(can)-254(govern)-253(his)-253(life)-253(by)-254(empirical)-253(rules,)-254(without)-253(a)-253(foundation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-319(general)-320(principles.)-458(Can)-319(a)-320(religion)-319(dispense)-319(with)-320(dogma?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1654)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Seneca,)-509(as)-457(a)-456(casuist)-457(and)-457(spiritual)-457(director,)-509(was)-457(not)-457(likely)-456(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 175.966 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 169.07 Td [(1652)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.694 0 Td [(71,)-285(\247)-277(27;)-292(94,)-285(\247)-278(50;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.618 0 Td [(Ad)-278(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.606 0 Td [(24,)-285(\247)-278(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.327 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.694 0 Td [(79,)-285(\247)-278(12,)-284(tunc)-278(animus)-278(noster)]TJ -177.895 -10.959 Td [(habebit)-225(quod)-226(gratuletur)-225(sibi,)-230(cum)-225(emissus)-226(his)-225(tenebris,)-230(in)-226(quibus)-225(volutatur,)-230(non)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(tenui)-250(visu)-250(clara)-250(perspexerit)-250(...)-250(et)-250(caelo)-250(redditus)-250(suo)-250(fuerit;)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(i.)-250(637.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(1653)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.992 0 Td [(79,)-466(\247)-422(12;)-509(102,)-466(\247)-423(22,)-466(per)-422(has)-423(mortalis)-423(aevi)-422(moras)-423(illi)-422(meliori)-423(vitae)]TJ -27.948 -10.959 Td [(longiorique)-212(proluditur,)-220(\247\247)-213(26,)-220(28;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 120.855 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.108 0 Td [(73,)-220(\247)-212(15,)-220(Deus)-213(ad)-212(homines)-213(venit,)-219(etc.)-238(But)]TJ -134.963 -10.959 Td [(cf.)-303(Zeller,)-272(iii.)-303(1,)-272(650;)-276(and)-268(for)-268(a)-267(different)-268(view,)-272(Burgmann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 210.499 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 25.392 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-268(Theologie)]TJ -238.877 -10.959 Td [(in)-335(ihrem)-335(Verh\344ltn.)-504(zum)-335(Stoicismus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 127.852 0 Td [(,)-356(etc.)-505(pp.)-504(20-32.)-505(That)-334(Burgmann)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 123.362 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-335(is)-335(the)]TJ -254.2 -10.959 Td [(truer)-335(view)-334(appears)-335(from)-335(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 111.384 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.203 0 Td [(95,)-356(\247)-334(49;)-377(65,)-356(\247)-335(9;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.957 0 Td [(De)-335(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.625 0 Td [(i.)-504(5,)-356(\247)-334(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.006 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.9 0 Td [(ii.)-250(29,)-250(\247)-250(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.86 0 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.61 0 Td [(v.)-250(10;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(28,)-250(\247)-250(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.343 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(41,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -205.218 -7.394 Td [(1654)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(95,)-250(\247)-250(10.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1697 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1698 0 R /Resources 1696 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1688 0 R >> endobj 1699 0 obj << /D [1697 0 R /XYZ 191.646 355.585 null] >> endobj 1700 0 obj << /D [1697 0 R /XYZ 261.544 110.222 null] >> endobj 1701 0 obj << /D [1697 0 R /XYZ 316.196 77.345 null] >> endobj 1696 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1704 0 obj << /Length 5330 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(371)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(undervalue)-416(the)-416(importance)-416(of)-416(definite)-416(precept,)-457(adapted)-416(to)-416(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(circumstances)-313(of)-312(the)-313(case.)-437(The)-313(philosopher,)-328(who)-312(was)-313(a)-312(regular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(official)-288(in)-288(great)-287(families,)-297(probably)-288(dealt)-288(chiefly)-288(in)-288(precept,)-297(on)-287(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(basis)-218(of)-217(authority)-218(concealed)-217(and)-218(rarely)-217(scrutinised.)-239(But)-218(Seneca)-217(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-286(an)-286(ordinary)-286(professional)-286(director.)-358(He)-286(has)-286(a)-286(serious)-286(purpose;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-490(feels)-490(that)-491(he)-490(is)-490(dealing)-490(with)-491(the)-490(most)-490(momentous)-490(of)-490(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(problems)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.604 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(how)-294(to)-293(form)-294(or)-293(reform)-294(a)-293(life,)-305(with)-293(a)-294(view)-293(to)-294(its)-293(true)]TJ -51.513 -13.549 Td [(end,)-261(how)-259(the)-258(final)-259(good)-259(of)-258(man)-259(is)-259(to)-259(be)-258(realised)-259(only)-259(in)-258(virtuous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(action.)-417(But)-306(action)-306(will)-305(not)-306(be)-306(right)-306(and)-305(virtuous)-306(unless)-306(the)-305(will)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-310(also)-310(right,)-324(and)-310(rightness)-310(of)-310(will)-309(depends)-310(on)-310(ordered)-310(habit)-309(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-262(soul,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.1 3.959 Td [(1655)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.328 -3.959 Td [(and)-262(that)-262(again)-262(springs)-261(from)-262(right)-262(general)-262(principles)]TJ -56.428 -13.549 Td [(or)-257(dogmas.)-271(In)-257(other)-256(words,)-259(a)-257(true)-257(theory)-257(of)-257(conduct)-257(is)-256(necessary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-290(virtue)-290(in)-290(the)-290(highest)-290(sense.)-370(Mere)-290(imperative)-290(precept)-290(and)-289(rule)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-350(give)-351(steadiness)-350(and)-351(continuity)-350(to)-351(conduct.)-551(The)-350(motive,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-329(clear)-329(perception)-329(of)-328(the)-329(guiding)-329(principle,)-349(can)-329(alone)-328(dignify)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-280(act)-281(with)-280(a)-280(peculiar)-281(moral)-280(distinction.)-341(In)-280(order)-281(to)-280(possess)-280(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character,)-226(the)-220(external)-220(act)-220(must)-221(be)-220(rooted)-220(in)-220(a)-220(faith)-220(in)-220(the)-220(rational)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(law)-420(of)-421(conduct.)-761(Particular)-420(precepts)-420(may)-421(produce)-420(an)-420(external)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obedience)-335(to)-334(that)-335(law,)-355(but)-335(they)-334(cannot)-335(give)-334(the)-335(uniformity)-334(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([306])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(certainty)-250(of)-250(the)-250(inner)-250(light)-250(and)-250(the)-250(regulated)-250(will.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Seneca)-516(is)-517(not)-516(a)-517(sectarian)-516(dogmatist,)-583(although)-517(he)-516(lays)-516(so)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(much)-485(stress)-485(on)-485(the)-485(necessity)-485(of)-485(dogma)-485(to)-485(virtuous)-485(conduct.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-417(boldly)-418(declares)-417(that)-417(he)-417(does)-417(not)-418(follow)-417(absolutely)-417(any)-417(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-531(Stoic)-531(doctors.)-1094(He)-531(defends)-531(Epicurus)-531(against)-531(the)-531(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(misunderstanding)-263(of)-262(his)-263(theory)-263(of)-263(pleasure,)-265(and)-263(the)-263(more)-262(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practical)-341(deductions)-342(from)-341(it.)-524(He)-341(often)-342(quotes)-341(his)-341(maxims)-341(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(admiration)-386(to)-387(Lucilius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 102.674 3.959 Td [(1656)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.629 -3.959 Td [(In)-386(his)-387(views)-386(of)-387(the)-386(nature)-386(of)-387(God)]TJ -126.303 -13.549 Td [(and)-382(His)-382(relation)-381(to)-382(the)-382(external)-382(world)-381(and)-382(to)-382(the)-382(human)-381(soul,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-453(often)-452(seems)-453(to)-452(follow)-452(the)-453(old)-452(Stoic)-453(tradition.)-857(There)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-347(other)-347(passages)-347(where)-347(he)-347(seems)-347(to)-347(waver)-347(between)-346(different)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.968 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.072 Td [(1655)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(57,)-250(rursus)-250(voluntas)-250(non)-250(erit)-250(recta)-250(nisi)-250(habitus)-250(animi)-250(rectus)-250(fuerit,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1656)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-308(Vit.)-426(Beat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.182 0 Td [(xii.)-425(\247)-309(4,)-323(nec)-308(aestimant,)-323(voluptas)-309(illa)-308(Epicuri)-309(quam)-308(sobria)-308(et)]TJ -63.137 -10.959 Td [(sicca)-227(sit,)-231(sed)-227(ad)-227(nomen)-226(ipsum)-227(advolant)-227(quaerentes)-226(libidinibus)-227(suis)-227(patrocinium)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(aliquod)-250(ac)-250(velamentum.)-250(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 101.606 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(18,)-250(\247)-250(14;)-250(16,)-250(\247)-250(7;)-250(22,)-250(\247)-250(13;)-250(28,)-250(\247)-250(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1703 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1704 0 R /Resources 1702 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1688 0 R >> endobj 1705 0 obj << /D [1703 0 R /XYZ 106.783 274.29 null] >> endobj 1702 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1708 0 obj << /Length 5289 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(372)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(conceptions)-271(of)-272(God,)-276(the)-272(Creator)-271(of)-271(the)-272(universe,)-276(the)-271(incorporeal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Reason,)-320(the)-306(divine)-307(breath)-306(diffused)-306(through)-306(all)-306(things,)-320(great)-306(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(small,)-270(Fate,)-270(or)-266(the)-266(immutable)-266(chain)-266(of)-267(interlinked)-266(causation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1657)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-304(is)-304(also)-304(clear)-304(that,)-318(from)-304(the)-304(tone)-304(of)-304(his)-304(mind,)-317(and)-304(the)-304(fact)-304(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-344(centre)-344(of)-344(philosophical)-344(interest)-344(for)-344(him)-344(is)-344(the)-344(moral)-344(life)-343(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man,)-366(he)-343(tends)-343(towards)-343(a)-342(more)-343(ethical)-343(conception)-343(of)-343(the)-342(Deity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-423(the)-423(Being)-423(who)-423(loves)-423(and)-423(cares)-423(for)-423(man.)-769(All)-423(this)-423(may)-423(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(admitted)-248(and)-248(will)-248(be)-248(further)-249(noticed)-248(on)-248(a)-248(later)-248(page.)-249(Yet)-248(Seneca,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-455(strict)-455(theory,)-506(probably)-455(never)-455(became)-455(a)-455(dissenter)-455(from)-455(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(physical)-328(or)-327(ontological)-328(creed)-328(of)-327(his)-328(school.)-483(He)-328(adhered,)-347(in)-327(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-347(resort,)-372(to)-347(the)-347(Stoic)-347(pantheism,)-371(which)-347(represented)-347(God)-347(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-414(universe,)-455(force)-414(and)-414(formless)-414(matter,)-455(as)-414(ultimately)-414(issuing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-246(the)-245(one)-246(substratum)-245(of)-246(the)-246(ethereal)-245(fire)-246(of)-245(Heraclitus,)-247(and)-245(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(great)-287(cataclysm,)-297(returning)-287(again)-287(to)-287(their)-287(source.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 226.823 3.958 Td [(1658)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.38 -3.958 Td [(He)-287(also)]TJ -247.203 -13.55 Td [(held)-277(theoretically)-278(the)-277(Stoic)-278(materialism,)-284(and)-278(the)-277(Stoic)-277(principle,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-241(only)-242(corporeal)-241(natures)-242(can)-241(act)-241(on)-242(one)-241(another.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.492 3.959 Td [(1659)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.134 -3.959 Td [(The)-241(force)]TJ -238.626 -13.549 Td [(which)-303(moulds)-302(indeterminate)-303(matter)-303(into)-302(concrete)-303(form)-303(is)-302(spirit,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(breath,)-328(in)-312(the)-312(literal)-312(sense,)-327(interfused)-312(in)-312(rude)-312(matter,)-327(and)-312(by)-312(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tension,)-349(outward)-329(and)-329(again)-329(inward)-329(upon)-329(itself,)-349(producing)-329(form)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-334(quality)-334(and)-334(energy.)-502(Mere)-334(matter)-334(could)-334(never)-334(mould)-333(itself,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-345(develop)-346(from)-345(within)-346(a)-345(power)-345(of)-346(movement)-345(and)-345(action.)-536(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-451(material)-452(force)-451(which)-451(shapes)-451(the)-452(universe)-451(from)-451(within)-451(is)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([307])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(also)-287(rational,)-296(and)-286(the)-287(universe)-287(is)-287(a)-286(rational)-287(being,)-296(guided)-287(by)-286(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indwelling)-175(reason)-175(to)-175(predestined)-175(ends,)-190(and)-175(obedient)-175(to)-175(a)-174(universal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(law.)-228(The)-185(God)-184(of)-184(the)-185(Stoics)-184(is)-185(thus)-184(a)-184(very)-185(elastic)-184(or)-184(comprehensive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception.)-658(He)-386(may)-386(be)-386(viewed)-386(as)-386(the)-386(ubiquitous,)-420(impalpable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force,)-384(which)-356(may,)-384(in)-357(the)-357(lack)-356(of)-357(more)-357(accurate)-357(expression,)-383(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(called)-187(air,)-200(ether,)-200(fire.)-229(He)-188(is)-187(the)-187(soul,)-200(the)-188(breath,)-200(the)-187(Anima)-187(Mundi.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.131 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.234 Td [(1657)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-282(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.186 0 Td [(viii.)-346(\247)-281(3,)-290(quisquis)-282(formator)-282(universi)-282(fuit,)-290(sive)-281(ille)-282(deus)-282(est)-282(potens)]TJ -46.142 -10.959 Td [(omnium,)-229(sive)-223(incorporalis)-223(ratio)-224(ingentium)-223(operum)-224(artifex,)-228(sive)-224(divinus)-223(spiritus)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(per)-204(omnia)-204(aequali)-205(intentione)-204(diffusus,)-213(sive)-204(fatum)-205(et)-204(immutabilis)-204(causarum)-204(inter)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(se)-250(cohaerentium)-250(series.)-250(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 99.106 0 Td [(N.)-250(Quaest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.348 0 Td [(ii.)-250(45,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -142.193 -7.395 Td [(1658)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(71,)-250(\247)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.394 Td [(1659)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(57,)-250(\247)-250(8;)-250(66,)-250(\247)-250(12;)-250(117,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1707 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1708 0 R /Resources 1706 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1688 0 R >> endobj 1709 0 obj << /D [1707 0 R /XYZ 93.543 233.642 null] >> endobj 1706 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1712 0 obj << /Length 5808 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(373)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(He)-227(is)-228(also)-227(the)-228(universal)-227(law,)-232(the)-228(rational)-227(principle,)-232(underlying)-227(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-180(apparently)-180(casual)-180(and)-180(fitful)-180(phenomena)-180(of)-180(physical)-180(nature)-179(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-248(life.)-250(God)-248(may)-248(also)-248(surely)-248(be)-248(regarded)-248(as)-248(the)-248(eternal)-248(Fate,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-395(power)-395(in)-395(the)-395(ruthless,)-431(yet)-395(merciful)-395(sequence)-395(of)-394(inevitable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(causation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.931 3.959 Td [(1660)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.051 -3.959 Td [(And,)-398(in)-369(milder)-369(and)-369(more)-368(optimistic)-369(moods,)-398(we)]TJ -66.982 -13.549 Td [(may)-329(view)-330(Him)-329(as)-329(a)-330(watchful)-329(Providence,)-349(caring)-330(for)-329(men)-329(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-411(they)-410(seem)-411(to)-410(care)-411(for)-410(themselves,)-451(saving)-410(them)-411(from)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consequences)-468(of)-467(their)-468(own)-467(errors)-468(and)-467(misdeeds.)-903(In)-467(Seneca,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-330(develops)-329(into)-330(a)-329(moral)-330(and)-329(spiritual)-330(Being,)-349(the)-329(source)-330(of)-329(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spiritual)-274(intuition)-274(and)-274(virtuous)-274(emotion,)-280(the)-274(secret)-274(power)-273(within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us)-201(making)-201(for)-202(righteousness,)-211(as)-201(He)-201(is)-201(the)-202(secret)-201(force)-201(in)-201(all)-201(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(making)-250(for)-250(order.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.648 3.959 Td [(1661)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -64.692 -19.897 Td [(It)-202(seems)-202(a)-202(little)-203(crude)-202(and)-202(superficial)-202(to)-202(contrast)-202(the)-202(materialist)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(and)-345(idealist)-346(conceptions)-345(of)-346(God)-345(in)-346(the)-345(later)-346(Stoic)-345(creed.)-536(What)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-369(conception)-369(of)-368(Him)-369(is)-369(free)-369(from)-369(similar)-368(contradictions?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(How)-266(can)-266(any)-266(conception)-265(of)-266(Him,)-270(expressed)-266(in)-266(human)-265(language,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(avoid)-507(them?)-1023(And)-507(in)-507(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 136.825 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-507(conception)-508(of)-507(soul,)-572(even)-507(as)]TJ -140.457 -13.549 Td [(material,)-183(there)-166(is)-166(something)-166(so)-165(thin,)-183(so)-166(subtle,)-183(and)-166(elusive,)-183(that)-165(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(bounds)-219(of)-220(matter)-219(and)-219(spirit)-220(seem)-219(to)-220(melt)-219(away)-219(and)-220(disappear.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1662)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(However)-209(loyal)-210(he)-209(may)-210(be)-209(in)-209(form)-210(to)-209(Stoic)-210(materialism,)-217(Seneca)-209(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-270(end)-270(regards)-270(God)-270(as)-270(no)-270(mere)-270(material)-270(force,)-275(however)-270(refined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-353(etherealised,)-379(but)-353(a)-353(spiritual)-353(power;)-405(not)-353(perhaps)-353(limited)-353(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-405(bounds)-406(of)-405(personality,)-444(but)-405(instinct)-406(with)-405(moral)-405(tendencies,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(nay,)-317(a)-304(moral)-303(impetus,)-318(which)-303(no)-304(mere)-303(physical)-304(force)-304(could)-303(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(develop.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.266 3.959 Td [(1663)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.997 -3.959 Td [(The)-367(growing)-367(dualism)-367(in)-367(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.271 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-367(metaphysics)-367(is)]TJ -207.167 -13.549 Td [(the)-322(result)-322(of)-323(the)-322(growing)-322(dualism)-322(of)-322(his)-323(psychology.)-466(In)-322(accord)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-244(the)-244(old)-244(Stoic)-245(doctors,)-245(he)-244(sometimes)-244(formulates)-244(the)-244(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-329(of)-329(the)-328(soul,)-349(and)-329(its)-328(essential)-329(unity.)-487(It)-328(is,)-349(like)-329(the)-328(Anima)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mundi,)-390(warm)-361(breath)-362(or)-362(subtle)-362(fire,)-389(penetrating)-362(all)-362(parts)-362(of)-361(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([308])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(body,)-334(discharging)-317(currents)-317(from)-317(the)-317(central)-317(heart)-317(to)-316(the)-317(several)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.31 Td [(1660)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(122;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.562 0 Td [(Nat.)-250(Quaest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.324 0 Td [(ii.)-250(45,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -201.482 -7.311 Td [(1661)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.61 0 Td [(i.)-250(ii.)-250(\247)-250(6;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(27;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.652 0 Td [(De)-250(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.596 0 Td [(ii.)-250(29;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.169 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(73,)-250(\247)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -208.207 -7.31 Td [(1662)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(57,)-250(\247)-250(8,)-250(animus)-250(qui)-250(ex)-250(tenuissimo)-250(constat,)-250(deprehendi)-250(non)-250(potest,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1663)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Burgmann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.339 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(Theologie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.595 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(41.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1711 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1712 0 R /Resources 1710 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1714 0 R >> endobj 1713 0 obj << /D [1711 0 R /XYZ 82.844 136.408 null] >> endobj 1710 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1717 0 obj << /Length 6170 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(374)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(organs.)-823(It)-441(is)-441(primarily)-441(rational,)-489(and)-441(all)-441(the)-441(lower)-440(powers)-441(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passion)-286(are)-286(derived)-286(from)-286(the)-286(controlling)-286(and)-286(unifying)-286(reason.)-357(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-316(a)-316(spark)-317(of)-316(the)-316(universal)-316(Spirit,)-333(holding)-316(the)-316(same)-316(place)-316(in)-316(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-181(organism)-181(as)-182(the)-181(Divine)-181(Spirit)-181(does)-181(in)-181(the)-182(universe.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.951 3.958 Td [(1664)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.916 -3.958 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.55 Td [(experience)-328(and)-329(reflection)-328(drove)-328(Seneca)-328(more)-329(and)-328(more)-328(into)-328(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acceptance)-299(of)-299(the)-298(Platonic)-299(opposition)-299(of)-299(reason)-299(and)-298(passion,)-311(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unceasing)-270(struggle)-270(of)-270(the)-271(flesh)-270(and)-270(spirit,)-275(in)-270(which)-270(the)-270(old)-270(Stoic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theory)-214(of)-214(the)-214(oneness)-213(of)-214(the)-214(rational)-214(soul)-214(tended)-214(to)-214(disappear.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1665)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(This)-364(is)-363(only)-364(one,)-392(but)-363(it)-364(is)-364(the)-363(most)-364(important,)-392(modification)-363(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ancient)-223(theory)-223(forced)-223(on)-224(Seneca)-223(by)-223(a)-223(closer)-223(application)-223(of)-223(theory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-246(the)-245(facts)-246(of)-246(human)-245(life,)-247(and)-245(a)-246(completer)-246(analysis)-245(of)-246(them.)-248(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(individual)-290(consciousness,)-300(and)-290(the)-290(spectacle)-290(of)-290(human)-290(life,)-299(alike)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(witness)-214(to)-213(the)-214(inevitable)-213(tendency)-214(of)-214(human)-213(nature)-214(to)-213(corruption.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Even)-215(after)-215(the)-215(great)-215(cataclysm,)-222(when)-215(a)-215(new)-215(earth)-215(shall)-215(arise)-214(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-319(waters)-318(of)-318(the)-319(deluge,)-336(and)-318(a)-318(new)-319(man,)-336(in)-318(perfect)-318(innocence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shall)-351(enter)-351(on)-351(t)1(his)-351(fair)-351(inheritance,)-376(the)-351(clouds)-351(will)-351(soon)-350(gather)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(again,)-215(and)-206(darken)-206(the)-206(fair)-206(deceitful)-205(dawn.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.368 3.959 Td [(1666)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.006 -3.959 Td [(The)-206(weary)-206(struggle)]TJ -197.374 -13.549 Td [(of)-366(flesh)-366(and)-366(spirit)-366(will)-366(begin)-366(once)-366(more,)-395(in)-366(which)-366(the)-366(flesh)-366(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-293(often)-294(the)-293(victor.)-380(For)-293(to)-293(Seneca,)-304(as)-293(to)-294(the)-293(Orphic)-293(mystics)-293(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-283(Plato,)-292(the)-284(body)-283(is)-284(a)-283(prison,)-292(and)-283(life)-284(one)-283(long)-284(punishment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1667)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Such)-215(is)-215(the)-215(misery)-216(of)-215(this)-215(mortal)-215(life,)-222(such)-215(the)-215(danger)-215(of)-215(hopeless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corruption,)-343(that)-325(no)-325(one)-325(would)-324(accept)-325(the)-325(gift)-324(of)-325(existence)-325(if)-324(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-260(foresee)-261(the)-260(evil)-261(in)-260(store)-261(for)-260(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.435 3.959 Td [(1668)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.508 -3.959 Td [(And)-260(death,)-264(the)-260(object)]TJ -186.943 -13.549 Td [(of)-432(dread)-432(to)-432(the)-432(blind)-432(masses,)-478(is)-432(really)-432(the)-432(one)-432(compensation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-374(the)-374(calamity)-374(of)-375(birth,)-405(either)-374(as)-374(a)-374(happy)-374(return)-374(to)-374(antenatal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tranquillity,)-213(or)-205(as)-204(the)-204(gateway)-204(to)-204(a)-205(glorious)-204(freedom)-204(and)-204(vision)-204(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.161 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.349 Td [(1664)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(65,)-250(\247)-250(24,)-250(quem)-250(in)-250(hoc)-250(mundo)-250(deus)-250(obtinet,)-250(hunc)-250(in)-250(homine)-250(animus.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.394 Td [(1665)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Pl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 12.737 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.651 0 Td [(83)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 11.467 0 Td [(C,)-279(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.763 0 Td [(;)-293(79)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 16.589 0 Td [(B)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 5.122 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.935 0 Td [(;)-293(cf.)-337(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.567 0 Td [(Phil.)-337(der)-278(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.3 0 Td [(iii.)-337(183;)-293(iii.)-336(2,)-286(p.)]TJ -220.569 -10.959 Td [(634;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.117 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(71,)-250(\247)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.301 -7.311 Td [(1666)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Nat.)-652(Quaest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.127 0 Td [(iii.)-652(30,)-417(\247)-384(8,)-417(sed)-384(illis)-384(quoque)-384(innocentia)-384(non)-384(durabit)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 194.131 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(cito)]TJ -267.181 -10.959 Td [(nequitia)-250(subrepit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1667)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.156 0 Td [(120,)-489(\247)-441(14;)-536(65,)-489(\247)-441(16,)-488(nam)-441(corpus)-441(hoc)-441(animi)-441(pondus)-441(ac)-441(poena)-441(est;)]TJ -28.112 -10.958 Td [(premente)-431(illo)-431(urgetur,)-477(in)-431(vinculis)-431(est,)-477(etc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 164.858 0 Td [(Ad)-431(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.855 0 Td [(ix.)-794(\247)-431(6,)-476(omnis)-431(vita)]TJ -205.713 -10.959 Td [(supplicium)-250(est;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.793 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(xx.)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -95.64 -7.311 Td [(1668)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(22,)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1716 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1717 0 R /Resources 1715 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1714 0 R >> endobj 1715 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1720 0 obj << /Length 6075 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(375)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-263(Divine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.624 3.959 Td [(1669)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.598 -3.959 Td [(Seneca,)-266(indeed,)-267(does)-263(not)-263(always)-264(express)-263(himself)]TJ -68.222 -13.549 Td [(in)-372(this)-373(strain.)-617(He)-373(is)-372(often)-373(the)-372(consistent,)-403(orthodox)-372(Stoic,)-403(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glories)-196(in)-196(the)-195(rounded)-196(perfection)-196(of)-196(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 168.854 0 Td [(sapiens)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.727 0 Td [(,)-207(triumphing,)-206(even)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 89.443 0 Td [([309])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(in)-321(this)-321(life,)-338(over)-321(all)-321(the)-321(seductions)-320(of)-321(sense)-321(and)-321(the)-321(fallacies)-320(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(perverted)-429(reason,)-474(and,)-473(in)-429(virtue)-429(of)-429(the)-429(divine)-429(strength)-429(within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him,)-260(making)-258(himself,)-261(even)-258(here)-258(below,)-260(equal)-259(with)-258(God)-258(in)-258(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purity)-377(and)-377(freedom.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 89.114 3.959 Td [(1670)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.319 -3.959 Td [(In)-377(such)-377(moods,)-408(he)-377(will)-377(adhere)-377(to)-377(the)]TJ -112.433 -13.549 Td [(Stoic)-207(psychology:)-228(reason)-206(will)-207(be)-207(all)-206(in)-207(all;)-221(virtue)-206(will)-207(be)-206(uniform,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(complete,)-454(attained)-413(by)-413(one)-413(supreme)-414(victorious)-413(effort.)-739(But)-413(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vision)-340(is)-340(constantly)-340(crossed)-341(and)-340(darkened)-340(by)-340(doubts)-340(which)-340(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(raised)-308(by)-309(the)-309(terrible)-308(facts)-309(of)-308(life.)-426(The)-308(moral)-309(problem)-308(becomes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-284(difficult)-283(and)-284(complicated;)-300(the)-284(vision)-283(of)-284(perfection)-283(recedes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-329(an)-329(infinite)-329(distance,)-348(and)-329(the)-329(glorious)-329(deliverance)-329(is)-328(reserved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-188(an)-188(immortal)-188(life)-188(of)-188(which)-188(the)-188(older)-188(Stoics)-188(did)-187(not)-188(often)-188(dream.)]TJ 11.955 -15.751 Td [(Still,)-388(we)-360(can)-361(find)-360(in)-361(Seneca)-360(all)-360(the)-361(Stoic)-360(gospel,)-388(and)-360(moral)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(idealism.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.893 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Nil)-295(bonum)-295(nisi)-295(verum)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.533 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.06 0 Td [(is)-295(the)-295(fundamental)-295(principle.)]TJ -154.329 -13.549 Td [(The)-441(failures,)-489(aberrations,)-489(and)-442(sins)-441(of)-441(men)-442(arise)-441(from)-441(a)-441(false)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-329(of)-330(what)-329(is)-329(good,)-350(produced)-329(by)-329(the)-330(warping)-329(effect)-329(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(external)-381(things)-380(upon)-381(the)-381(higher)-380(principle.)-642(The)-381(avaricious,)-413(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambitious,)-353(the)-333(sensual,)-353(live)-333(in)-332(a)-333(vain)-332(show.)-498(They)-333(are)-332(pursuing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unreal)-283(objects)-282(of)-283(desire,)-291(which)-282(cheat)-283(and)-282(befool)-283(the)-283(reason,)-290(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(turn)-429(to)-429(ashes)-429(when)-428(they)-429(are)-429(won.)-787(The)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 185.232 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(kingdom)-429(of)-429(Heaven)]TJ -190.076 -13.549 Td [(is)-415(within.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.412 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.369 0 Td [(It)-415(is)-415(the)-414(freedom,)-456(the)-415(peace,)-456(the)-415(tranquil)-415(sense)-415(of)]TJ -51.781 -13.549 Td [(power)-253(over)-254(all)-253(that)-253(is)-254(fortuitous)-253(and)-253(external)-254(and)-253(fleeting,)-254(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alone)-263(can)-262(realise)-263(the)-263(highest)-263(good)-262(of)-263(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.572 3.958 Td [(1671)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.582 -3.958 Td [(It)-263(is)-263(attained)-262(only)]TJ -204.154 -13.55 Td [(by)-364(virtue,)-392(that)-364(is,)-392(by)-363(living)-364(in)-364(obedience)-364(to)-363(the)-364(law)-364(of)-363(reason,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 164.756 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 157.944 Td [(1669)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.407 0 Td [(24,)-247(\247)-246(18,)-246(mors)-246(nos)-246(aut)-246(consumit)-246(aut)-245(eximit;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 157.356 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.408 0 Td [(36,)-247(\247)-245(10;)-248(102,)-246(\247)-246(23;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 72.048 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.858 0 Td [(vi.)-248(\247)-244(6;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.288 0 Td [(Ad)-244(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.994 0 Td [(25,)-245(\247)-244(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.252 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.403 0 Td [(19,)-245(\247)-244(5;)-245(20,)-245(\247)-244(2,)-245(quae)-244(efficit)-243(ut)-244(nasci)-244(non)-243(sit)]TJ -125.795 -10.959 Td [(supplicium;)-241(cf.)-245(Epict.)-246(ii.)-245(1;)-241(iii.)-246(10;)-241(iii.)-245(13;)-241(iv.)-245(1;)-241(M.)-237(Aurel.)-245(viii.)-245(18;)-241(vi.)-246(28;)-241(iii.)-245(3;)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(ix.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1670)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.536 0 Td [(53,)-263(\247)-260(11,)-263(est)-260(aliquid)-260(quo)-261(sapiens)-260(antecedat)-260(deum;)-266(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 190.709 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.537 0 Td [(59,)-263(\247)-260(16,)-263(talis)]TJ -231.737 -10.959 Td [(est)-233(sapientis)-233(animus,)-236(qualis)-233(mundus)-233(super)-233(lunam;)-239(semper)-232(illic)-233(serenum)-233(est;)-239(72,)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(\247)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1671)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.72 0 Td [(74,)-288(\247)-281(1;)-296(62,)-289(\247)-280(3,)-289(brevissima)-280(ad)-281(divitias)-281(per)-281(contemptum)-280(divitiarum)-281(via)]TJ -26.675 -10.959 Td [(est;)-250(59,)-250(\247)-250(14.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1719 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1720 0 R /Resources 1718 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1714 0 R >> endobj 1721 0 obj << /D [1719 0 R /XYZ 215.625 491.077 null] >> endobj 1718 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1724 0 obj << /Length 6941 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(376)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-290(has)-290(its)-290(voice)-290(and)-290(representative)-290(in)-290(each)-290(human)-290(soul.)-369(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(summons)-451(to)-450(yield)-451(ourselves)-450(to)-451(the)-450(law)-451(of)-450(nature)-451(and)-450(reason)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(simply)-271(calls)-270(us)-271(to)-270(obey)-271(our)-270(highest)-271(part)-270(\050)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 179.359 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 10.9091 Tf 4.691 0 Td [(x)-271(!)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 14.209 0 Td [(\263\265\274\277\275\271\272\314\275)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.342 0 Td [(\051,)-276(which)]TJ -244.601 -13.549 Td [(is)-174(a)-174(steadfast)-174(witness)-173(to)-174(the)-174(eternal)-174(truth)-174(of)-174(t)1(hings,)-190(and,)-189(if)-173(unbribed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-281(unperverted,)-288(will)-281(discern)-280(infallibly)-281(the)-281(right)-280(line)-281(of)-280(conduct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amid)-323(all)-323(the)-322(clamorous)-323(or)-323(seductive)-322(temptations)-323(of)-323(the)-323(flesh)-322(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(the)-360(world.)-578(Nothing)-360(is)-359(a)-360(real)-359(good)-360(which)-359(has)-360(not)-359(the)-359(stamp)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-282(hall-mark)-282(of)-281(reason,)-290(which)-282(is)-282(not)-281(within)-282(the)-282(soul)-282(itself,)-289(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-336(within)-336(our)-337(own)-336(power.)-509(Everything)-336(worth)-336(having)-336(or)-336(wishing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-394(is)-394(within.)-682(External)-394(things,)-430(wealth,)-430(power,)-430(high)-394(place,)-429(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pleasures)-214(of)-213(sense,)-221(are)-214(transitory,)-221(deceptive,)-221(unstable,)-221(the)-214(gifts)-213(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Fortune,)-274(and)-270(equally)-269(at)-270(her)-269(mercy.)-308(In)-270(the)-269(mad)-270(struggle)-269(for)-269(these)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([310])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(ephemeral)-315(pleasures,)-331(the)-315(wise)-315(man)-315(retires)-315(unobserved)-315(from)-315(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scene)-208(of)-208(cruel)-209(and)-208(sordid)-208(rapacity,)-217(having)-208(secretly)-208(within)-208(him)-208(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(greatest)-222(prize)-222(of)-221(all,)-228(which)-222(Fortune)-221(cannot)-222(give)-222(or)-222(take)-222(away.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1672)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(If)-295(these)-295(things)-295(were)-295(really)-295(good,)-306(then)-295(God)-295(would)-295(be)-295(less)-295(happy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-359(the)-359(slave)-359(of)-359(lust)-359(and)-359(ambition,)-386(than)-359(the)-359(sensualist)-359(who)-358(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fascinated)-419(by)-418(a)-418(mistress)-419(or)-418(a)-419(minion,)-461(the)-418(trader)-418(who)-419(may)-418(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ruined)-240(by)-240(a)-240(storm,)-243(the)-240(wealthy)-240(minister)-240(who)-240(may)-240(at)-240(any)-240(moment)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-400(ordered)-399(to)-400(death)-400(by)-399(a)-400(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.178 3.959 Td [(1673)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.063 -3.959 Td [(The)-400(only)-399(real)-400(liberty)-400(and)]TJ -166.241 -13.549 Td [(human)-327(dignity)-327(are)-327(to)-327(be)-326(found)-327(in)-327(renunciation.)-481(If)-327(we)-326(jealously)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guard)-373(and)-372(reverence)-373(the)-373(divine)-372(reason)-373(within)-373(us,)-403(and)-373(obey)-372(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monitions,)-409(which)-378(are)-377(in)-378(truth)-377(the)-378(voice)-377(of)-378(God,)-409(the)-377(Universal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Reason,)-319(then)-305(we)-305(have)-305(an)-305(impregnable)-305(fortress)-305(which)-304(cannot)-305(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(stormed)-262(by)-263(any)-262(adverse)-263(fort)1(une.)-288(The)-262(peace)-262(and)-263(freedom)-262(so)-262(won)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-255(be)-255(called,)-257(although)-255(Seneca)-255(does)-255(not)-255(so)-255(call)-255(it,)-256(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 239.087 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(peace)-255(of)]TJ -243.931 -13.549 Td [(God.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.513 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.963 0 Td [(For)-286(it)-286(is)-286(in)-286(fact)-286(the)-286(restored)-286(harmony)-286(between)-286(the)-285(human)]TJ -29.476 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-453(and)-453(the)-453(Reason)-453(of)-453(the)-453(world,)-504(and)-453(the)-453(cessation)-452(of)-453(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weary)-312(conflict)-312(between)-312(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 123.275 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(law)-312(in)-312(the)-312(members)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.776 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.248 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.157 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-312(law)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 120.76 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 113.947 Td [(1672)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.857 0 Td [(74,)-308(\247\247)-296(6-12;)-319(cf.)-388(M.)-296(Aurel.)-388(v.)-388(15,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 123.239 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-296(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.495 0 Td [(r)-296(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.886 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.931 0 Td [(\300\265\301)-296(\300\273\265\257\311)-296(\304\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 53.009 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\306\261\271\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.35 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\261\305\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.574 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.234 0 Td [(\304\277\315\304\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.233 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.476 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)-411(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.032 0 Td [(\306\261\271\301\277\315\274\265\275\314\302)-411(\304\271)-411(\304\277\315\304\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 92.728 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\255\307\267\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.657 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.291 0 Td [(\304\277\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.607 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\264\265)-411(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.582 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -262.15 -10.958 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\263\261\270\314\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.805 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.778 0 Td [(:)-250(Epict.)-250(ii.)-250(16,)-250(\247)-250(18;)-250(iii.)-250(3,)-250(\247)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.796 -7.311 Td [(1673)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.925 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.424 0 Td [(31,)-248(\247)-248(10;)-248(74,)-248(\247)-248(14)-248(aut)-247(ista)-248(bona)-248(non)-247(sunt,)-248(quae)-248(vocantur,)-248(aut)-248(homo)]TJ -44.305 -10.959 Td [(felicior)-250(deo)-250(est,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1723 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1724 0 R /Resources 1722 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1714 0 R >> endobj 1725 0 obj << /D [1723 0 R /XYZ 214.634 369.134 null] >> endobj 1722 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1728 0 obj << /Length 5459 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(377)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-259(the)-259(mind,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.23 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.671 0 Td [(which)-259(ends)-259(so)-260(often)-259(in)-259(that)-259(other)-259(peace)-259(of)-260(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 193.078 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mare)]TJ -258.823 -13.549 Td [(mortuum,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.731 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(a)-250(stillness)-250(of)-250(moral)-250(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 111.807 3.959 Td [(1674)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -150.153 -22.155 Td [(The)-413(gospel)-413(of)-413(Seneca,)-454(with)-413(all)-413(its)-413(searching)-414(power,)-453(seems)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(wanting)-290(in)-289(some)-290(of)-289(the)-290(essentials)-289(of)-290(an)-289(effective)-290(religion)-289(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-318(work)-318(on)-317(character.)-454(Where,)-334(it)-318(may)-318(be)-318(asked,)-334(is)-318(the)-318(force)-317(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(come)-223(from)-223(which)-223(shall)-223(nerve)-223(the)-223(repentant)-223(one)-223(to)-223(essay)-223(the)-222(steep)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascent)-237(to)-238(the)-237(calm)-237(of)-238(indefectible)-237(virtue?)-246(And)-237(what)-238(is)-237(the)-237(reward)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-446(can)-445(more)-446(than)-445(compensate)-446(for)-445(the)-446(great)-445(renunciation?)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(With)-299(regard)-298(to)-299(the)-299(first)-299(question,)-310(the)-299(Stoic)-299(answer)-299(is)-298(clear.)-396(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reforming)-269(force)-269(is)-268(the)-269(divine)-269(reason,)-273(indwelling)-269(in)-269(every)-268(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soul,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 20.913 3.959 Td [(1675)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.383 -3.959 Td [(which,)-270(if)-266(it)-266(is)-266(able,)-270(or)-266(is)-266(permitted,)-270(to)-266(emancipate)-266(itself)]TJ -40.296 -13.549 Td [(from)-286(bondage)-285(to)-286(the)-286(things)-285(of)-286(sense,)-295(will)-285(inevitably)-286(gravitate)-285(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-208(divine)-208(world,)-216(from)-208(which)-208(it)-208(sprang.)-236(The)-208(question)-208(of)-208(necessity)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-404(freedom)-403(of)-404(the)-404(will)-404(has)-403(not)-404(much)-404(interest)-404(for)-403(Seneca,)-442(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-367(practical)-366(moralist.)-600(He)-367(believes)-367(theoretically)-366(in)-367(the)-367(old)-366(Stoic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dogmas)-361(on)-362(the)-361(subject.)-585(From)-361(one)-361(point)-362(of)-361(view,)-390(God)-361(may)-361(be)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([311])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(regarded)-440(as)-440(the)-440(eternal)-440(Fate,)-488(the)-440(inevitable)-440(law)-440(of)-440(causation.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-308(as)-307(the)-308(Universal)-308(Reason,)-322(He)-308(cannot)-307(act)-308(otherwise)-308(than)-307(He)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(does,)-341(without)-323(violating)-323(His)-323(very)-323(nature.)-468(But)-323(His)-323(action)-323(is)-322(self-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(determined)-189(and)-189(therefore)-189(free)-189(and)-189(spontaneous.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.879 3.959 Td [(1676)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.944 -3.959 Td [(This)-189(freedom)]TJ -222.823 -13.549 Td [(man)-340(only)-339(attains)-340(by)-339(breaking)-340(away)-339(from)-340(the)-339(cruel)-340(servitude)-339(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passion)-257(and)-256(external)-257(circumstance.)-269(As)-257(a)-256(practical)-257(moral)-256(teacher,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-197(is)-197(bound)-197(to)-197(say)-197(that)-197(we)-197(can)-197(take)-197(the)-197(higher)-197(road)-197(if)-197(we)-196(will.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-212(first)-212(step)-211(towards)-212(freedom)-212(is)-211(to)-212(grasp)-212(firmly)-212(the)-211(fundamental)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(law)-334(of)-333(the)-334(moral)-334(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.724 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(that)-334(the)-333(only)-334(good)-334(lies)-333(in)-334(conformity)-334(to)]TJ -103.633 -13.549 Td [(reason,)-250(to)-251(the)-250(higher)-251(part)-250(of)-250(our)-251(being.)-251(If)-250(we)-250(yield)-251(to)-250(its)-250(bidding,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-362(can)-362(at)-362(once)-362(cut)-361(ourselves)-362(off)-362(from)-362(the)-362(deceitful)-362(life)-362(of)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(senses,)-215(and)-205(the)-206(vision)-206(of)-206(the)-206(true)-205(beatitude)-206(in)-206(virtue)-206(at)-206(once)-205(opens)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 131.963 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.151 Td [(1674)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(67,)-250(\247)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.395 Td [(1675)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.64 0 Td [(66,)-417(\247)-383(12,)-417(ratio)-383(autem)-383(nihil)-383(aliud)-384(est)-383(quam)-383(in)-384(corpus)-383(humanum)-383(pars)]TJ -27.595 -10.959 Td [(divini)-250(spiritus)-250(mersa.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1676)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Nat.)-243(Quaest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.076 0 Td [(ii.)-243(36;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.984 0 Td [(De)-229(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.238 0 Td [(5,)-233(\247)-230(8,)-233(eadem)-229(necessitate)-230(et)-229(deos)-229(adligat)-229(...)-244(ille)]TJ -116.253 -10.959 Td [(ipse)-303(omnium)-302(conditor)-303(scripsit)-303(quidem)-302(fata,)-316(sed)-303(sequitur;)-329(semper)-302(paret,)-316(semel)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(jussit.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1727 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1728 0 R /Resources 1726 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1714 0 R >> endobj 1729 0 obj << /D [1727 0 R /XYZ 156.785 310.29 null] >> endobj 1726 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1732 0 obj << /Length 5483 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(378)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(on)-278(the)-278(inner)-277(eye.)-334(When)-277(that)-278(vision)-278(has)-278(been)-277(seen,)-285(we)-278(must)-277(then)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seek)-384(to)-385(form)-384(a)-384(habit)-385(of)-384(the)-384(soul)-385(which)-384(shall)-384(steadily)-384(conform)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-312(the)-312(universal)-313(law,)-327(and)-312(finally)-313(give)-312(birth)-312(to)-312(a)-312(settled)-312(purpose,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(issuing)-321(inevitably)-322(in)-321(virtuous)-322(act.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.271 3.958 Td [(1677)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.502 -3.958 Td [(It)-321(is)-322(this)-321(fixed)-322(and)-321(stable)]TJ -169.773 -13.55 Td [(resolution)-281(which)-281(is)-281(the)-281(Stoic)-281(ideal,)-289(although)-280(experience)-281(showed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-396(it)-397(was)-396(rarely)-397(att)1(ained.)-690(The)-396(great)-396(renunciation)-397(is)-396(thus)-396(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entrance)-369(on)-370(a)-369(state)-369(of)-369(true)-369(freedom,)-400(whi)1(ch)-370(is)-369(realised)-369(only)-369(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(submitting)-374(ourselves)-374(to)-374(the)-374(law)-374(of)-374(reason,)-405(that)-374(is)-374(of)-374(God.)-621(By)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obedience)-203(to)-203(rational)-202(law)-203(man)-203(is)-203(raised)-202(to)-203(a)-203(level)-203(far)-202(transcending)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-367(transient)-366(and)-367(shadowy)-366(dignities)-367(of)-367(the)-366(world.)-600(His)-366(rational)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-248(divine)-248(part)-248(is)-248(reunited)-248(to)-248(the)-248(Divine)-248(Spirit)-248(which)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 232.489 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(makes)-248(for)]TJ -237.333 -13.549 Td [(righteousness)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.389 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)-259(he)-256(places)-256(himself)-256(in)-256(the)-256(sweep)-256(and)-256(freedom)-256(of)-256(a)]TJ -64.233 -13.549 Td [(movement)-260(which)-260(finds)-260(its)-259(image)-260(and)-260(counterpart)-260(in)-260(the)-259(majestic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-435(ordered)-435(movements)-435(of)-436(the)-435(heavenly)-435(spheres.)-805(If)-435(we)-435(ask,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(how)-248(can)-247(poor)-248(humanity,)-248(so)-248(abject,)-248(so)-248(brutalised,)-248(so)-248(deadened)-247(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-319(downward)-318(pressure)-319(of)-319(the)-319(flesh)-318(and)-319(the)-319(world,)-336(ever)-318(release)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself)-277(and)-277(rise)-277(to)-277(those)-277(empyrean)-277(heights,)-284(the)-277(answer)-277(is,)-283(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-280(original)-281(strength)-280(of)-280(the)-280(rational,)-288(which)-281(is)-280(the)-280(divine)-280(element)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-376(the)-375(human)-376(soul.)-627(It)-376(may)-376(be,)-407(and)-376(actually)-375(is,)-407(in)-376(the)-376(mass)-375(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(men,)-390(drugged)-361(and)-362(silenced)-362(by)-362(the)-361(seductions)-362(of)-362(sense)-362(and)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deceptions)-282(of)-282(the)-282(world.)-347(But)-282(if,)-290(in)-282(some)-282(moment)-282(of)-282(detachment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-277(elation,)-284(when)-277(its)-277(captors)-278(and)-277(jailors)-277(relax)-277(their)-277(guard,)-284(it)-277(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(escape)-291(their)-292(clutches,)-301(it)-292(will)-291(at)-291(once)-292(seek)-291(the)-291(region)-292(of)-291(its)-291(birth,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([312])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(and)-435(its)-435(true)-435(home.)-804(It)-435(is)-435(in)-435(the)-435(kindred)-435(of)-435(the)-435(human)-434(reason)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-407(the)-408(Divine,)-447(the)-407(Reason)-408(of)-407(the)-407(world,)-447(that)-408(we)-407(must)-407(seek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-281(reconciliation)-281(of)-280(two)-281(apparently)-281(opposite)-281(points)-280(of)-281(view.)-342(At)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-299(time)-300(the)-299(Stoic)-299(doctor)-300(tells)-299(us)-299(that)-300(we)-299(must)-299(trust)-300(to)-299(our)-299(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strength)-431(in)-430(the)-431(moral)-431(struggle.)-792(And)-430(again)-431(Seneca,)-476(in)-430(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christian)-371(phrase,)-400(comforts)-371(his)-370(disciple)-371(with)-370(the)-370(vision)-371(of)-370(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(holding)-394(out)-394(a)-394(succouring)-394(hand)-394(to)-394(struggling)-394(virtue,)-430(just)-394(as)-393(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(warns)-235(the)-234(backslider)-235(of)-234(an)-235(eye)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.097 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(that)-235(seeth)-234(in)-235(secret.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.112 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.402 0 Td [(Woe)-235(to)-234(him)]TJ -229.455 -13.549 Td [(who)-250(despises)-250(that)-250(Witness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.567 3.959 Td [(1678)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 81.071 Td [(1677)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(95,)-250(\247)-250(57;)-250(cf.)-250(116,)-250(\247)-250(7,)-250(satis)-250(natura)-250(dedit)-250(roboris)-250(si)-250(illo)-250(utamur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1678)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.784 0 Td [(73,)-297(\247)-288(15,)-298(non)-288(sunt)-287(di)-288(fastidiosi:)-326(adscendentibus)-288(manum)-288(porrigunt;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 241.687 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1731 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1732 0 R /Resources 1730 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1714 0 R >> endobj 1733 0 obj << /D [1731 0 R /XYZ 231.187 220.093 null] >> endobj 1734 0 obj << /D [1731 0 R /XYZ 198.213 66.142 null] >> endobj 1730 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1737 0 obj << /Length 5132 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(379)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(With)-244(such)-245(a)-244(conception)-245(of)-244(the)-244(relation)-245(of)-244(the)-245(human)-244(reason)-244(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(Divine,)-330(Seneca)-314(was)-315(bound)-314(to)-314(believe)-314(that)-314(human)-314(nature,)-330(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-296(is,)-307(had)-296(fallen)-296(away)-295(from)-296(original)-296(and)-296(spontaneous)-295(innocence.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-389(the)-389(equal)-389(enjoyment)-389(of)-388(the)-389(unforced)-389(gifts)-389(of)-389(nature,)-424(in)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(absence)-433(of)-433(the)-433(avarice)-433(and)-433(luxury)-433(which)-433(the)-433(development)-433(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-367(arts,)-396(the)-367(exploitation)-367(of)-367(the)-367(earth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.832 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-367(hidden)-367(wealth,)-396(and)-367(the)]TJ -169.464 -13.549 Td [(competitive)-185(struggle,)-199(born)-185(of)-186(a)-185(social)-186(life)-185(growing)-186(more)-185(and)-185(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(complicated,)-311(have)-300(generated,)-311(the)-299(primeval)-299(man)-299(was)-299(unsolicited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-250(the)-250(passions)-249(which)-250(have)-250(made)-250(life)-249(a)-250(hell.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.373 3.958 Td [(1679)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.164 -3.958 Td [(Yet)-250(this)-250(blissful)]TJ -211.537 -13.55 Td [(state)-246(was)-246(one)-246(of)-246(innocence)-246(rather)-246(than)-245(of)-246(virtue;)-248(it)-246(was)-246(the)-245(result)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-318(ignorance)-318(of)-318(evil)-318(rather)-318(than)-318(determined)-318(choice)-319(of)-318(good.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1680)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-344(the)-343(man)-344(who,)-367(in)-344(the)-343(midst)-344(of)-344(a)-343(corrupt)-344(society,)-367(fights)-343(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(way)-359(to)-359(virtue,)-387(will)-359(take)-359(far)-359(higher)-360(moral)-359(rank)-359(than)-359(our)-359(simple)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancestors,)-251(who)-251(wandered)-251(in)-251(the)-251(unravaged)-251(garden)-251(of)-251(the)-251(Golden)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Age.)-352(For)-284(the)-285(man)-284(born)-284(in)-284(a)-284(time)-284(when)-284(the)-284(nobler)-284(instincts)-284(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-236(deadened)-235(by)-236(the)-235(lust)-236(of)-236(gold)-235(and)-236(power)-235(and)-236(sensual)-235(excess,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(virtuous)-250(will)-250(can)-250(only)-250(be)-250(won)-250(by)-250(a)-250(hard)-250(struggle.)]TJ 11.956 -23.641 Td [(Confronted)-311(with)-311(the)-311(facts)-311(of)-312(life,)-326(and)-311(fired)-311(with)-311(a)-311(passion)-311(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(win)-229(men)-228(to)-229(a)-228(higher)-229(law,)-233(the)-228(later)-229(Stoicism)-228(had)-229(in)-228(some)-229(points)-228(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soften)-229(the)-230(rigid)-229(lines)-229(of)-229(earlier)-229(theory.)-244(The)-229(severe)-229(idealism)-229(of)-229(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-208(doctors)-209(was)-208(a)-208(mere)-209(dream)-208(of)-208(an)-209(impossible)-208(detachment,)-216(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(inexorable)-299(demand)-300(of)-299(a)-299(pitiless)-300(logic.)-398(Virtue,)-311(being)-299(conformity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-386(the)-387(immutable)-386(law)-386(of)-386(reason,)-421(was)-386(conceived)-386(as)-386(a)-386(rounded,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flawless)-298(whole,)-310(to)-298(which)-299(nothing)-298(could)-298(be)-298(added,)-310(and)-298(to)-298(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nothing)-369(must)-369(be)-368(wanting.)-607(It)-369(presupposes,)-398(or)-369(is)-369(identical)-368(with,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([313])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(a)-342(settled)-342(intellectual)-341(clearness,)-365(an)-342(unclouded)-342(knowledge)-342(of)-341(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truly)-382(good,)-416(which)-382(must)-383(inevitably)-382(issue)-383(in)-382(perfect)-382(act.)-648(It)-382(is)-382(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(single,)-311(uniform)-299(mental)-298(state)-299(from)-299(which)-298(all)-299(the)-299(separate)-298(virtues)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 119.249 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 110.299 Td [(83,)-373(\247)-348(1,)-372(nihil)-348(deo)-348(clusum)-348(est;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 112.888 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.323 0 Td [(43,)-373(\247)-348(5,)-372(O)-348(te)-348(miserum)-348(si)-348(contemnis)-348(hunc)]TJ -128.211 -10.959 Td [(testem.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1679)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.203 0 Td [(,)-335(90,)-334(\247)-318(38)-318(sqq.)-453(avaritia)-318(omnia)-318(fecit)-318(aliena)-318(et)-317(in)-318(angustum)-318(ex)-318(immenso)]TJ -24.158 -10.959 Td [(redacta)-250(paupertatem)-250(intulit,)-250(et)-250(multa)-250(concupiscendo)-250(omnia)-250(amisit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1680)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(46,)-250(non)-250(fuere)-250(sapientes;...)-250(ignorantia)-250(rerum)-250(innocentes)-250(erant.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1736 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1737 0 R /Resources 1735 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1739 0 R >> endobj 1738 0 obj << /D [1736 0 R /XYZ 263.684 182.903 null] >> endobj 1735 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1742 0 obj << /Length 7522 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(380)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(spring)-442(as)-443(from)-442(a)-442(single)-442(root.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.899 3.959 Td [(1681)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.458 -3.959 Td [(The)-442(moral)-443(value)-442(of)-442(an)-442(act)]TJ -158.357 -13.549 Td [(depends)-398(entirely)-399(on)-398(will,)-436(intention,)-436(that)-398(is,)-436(on)-398(the)-398(intellectual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perception.)-502(And)-334(as)-334(there)-334(are)-334(no)-334(gradations)-334(in)-334(the)-334(mental)-333(state,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-235(there)-236(are)-235(no)-236(gradations)-235(in)-235(moral)-236(conduct)-235(which)-236(issues)-235(from)-235(it.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(There)-261(are)-261(no)-261(distinctions)-260(between)-261(things)-261(morally)-261(good,)-263(between)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(divine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.273 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.418 0 Td [(things;)-367(and)-327(so,)-347(just)-328(as)-328(in)-328(the)-327(older)-328(Calvinistic)-328(system,)]TJ -40.535 -13.549 Td [(there)-303(is)-304(no)-303(class)-304(intermediate)-303(between)-304(the)-303(wise)-304(and)-303(the)-303(foolish,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-373(saved)-372(and)-373(the)-372(lost.)-618(And)-373(conversion,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 186.588 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(transfiguration,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.96 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.908 0 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(change)-329(from)-329(folly)-328(to)-329(wisdom,)-348(is)-329(regarded)-329(as)-329(instantaneous)-328(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(complete.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.72 3.959 Td [(1682)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.47 -3.959 Td [(Even)-320(those)-321(who)-320(are)-321(struggling)-320(upward,)-338(but)-320(have)]TJ -64.19 -13.549 Td [(not)-189(yet)-190(reached)-189(the)-189(top,)-202(are)-189(still)-190(to)-189(be)-189(reckoned)-190(among)-189(the)-189(foolish,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(just)-320(as)-320(the)-320(man)-320(a)-320(few)-320(inches)-320(below)-320(the)-320(waves)-320(will)-320(be)-320(drowned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-344(certainly)-344(as)-344(if)-345(he)-344(were)-344(sunk)-344(fathoms)-344(deep.)-533(And,)-367(as)-344(there)-344(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-237(mean)-236(state)-237(in)-236(morals,)-240(so)-236(the)-237(extremes)-236(are)-237(necessarily)-236(finished)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-390(perfect)-389(types)-390(of)-390(virtue)-389(and)-390(reprobacy.)-669(The)-390(ideal)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 245.176 0 Td [(sapiens)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.727 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(who)-247(combines)-248(in)-247(himself)-248(all)-247(the)-247(moral)-248(and)-247(intellectual)-247(attributes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-282(go)-281(to)-282(make)-282(up)-282(the)-281(ideal)-282(of)-282(serene,)-289(flawless)-282(virtue,)-290(has)-281(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-442(mark)-442(for)-443(ridicule)-442(from)-442(the)-442(days)-443(of)-442(Horace.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.233 3.959 Td [(1683)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.457 -3.959 Td [(Such)-442(an)]TJ -243.69 -13.549 Td [(ideal,)-302(soaring)-291(into)-292(the)-291(pure)-292(cold)-292(regi)1(ons)-292(of)-292(virgin)-291(snow,)-302(left)-291(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-315(mass)-314(of)-315(men)-314(grovelling)-315(in)-314(filth)-314(and)-315(darkness.)-443(And)-315(it)-314(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-344(this)-344(light)-344(that)-343(the)-344(severe)-344(Stoic)-344(regarded)-344(the)-344(condition)-344(of)-343(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(multitude.)-245(They)-234(are)-234(all)-234(equally)-234(bad,)-238(and)-234(they)-234(will)-234(always)-234(be)-234(bad,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-304(age)-304(to)-304(age.)-411(Every)-304(generation)-304(mourns)-304(over)-304(its)-303(degeneracy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-398(it)-397(is)-398(no)-398(worse)-397(than)-398(its)-397(ancestors,)-435(and)-398(its)-397(posterity)-398(will)-397(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-400(better.)-700(The)-400(only)-400(variation)-400(is)-400(in)-400(the)-400(various)-400(fashion)-400(of)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vices.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.146 3.959 Td [(1684)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.044 -3.959 Td [(In)-217(any)-216(crowded)-217(scene,)-223(says)-217(Seneca,)-223(in)-217(the)-216(forum)-217(or)-217(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 164.917 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.104 Td [(1681)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.645 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.683 0 Td [(66,)-283(\247)-277(13)-276(sqq.;)-290(113,)-283(\247)-277(14,)-283(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 108.531 0 Td [(Tusc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.658 0 Td [(iv.)-330(15,)-283(34;)-289(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.626 0 Td [(Virt.)-329(Mor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.309 0 Td [(c.)]TJ -274.408 -10.959 Td [(2;)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(224.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1682)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.418 0 Td [(Phil.)-390(der)-297(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.098 0 Td [(iii.)-390(1,)-308(p.)-390(235;)-320(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.932 0 Td [(De)-297(Prof.)-390(in)-296(Virt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.285 0 Td [(i.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.231 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\304\265)-297(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.423 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\300\301\311\220)-266(\272\254\272\271\303\304\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.325 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\303\300\255\301\261\302)-266(\263\265\263\277\275\255\275\261\271)-266(\272\301\254\304\271\303\304\277\275)-266(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 119.895 0 Td [(.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 7.189 0 Td [(Adv.)-298(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.454 0 Td [(c.)-298(x.;)-273(cf.)-298(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.799 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -268.427 -10.959 Td [(76,)-250(\247)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1683)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.397 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.855 0 Td [(i.)-247(3,)-242(124;)-244(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.873 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.358 0 Td [(i.)-247(1,)-242(106;)-244(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.391 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.357 0 Td [(73,)-242(\247)-241(13;)-243(Aelian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.979 0 Td [(Var.)-247(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.247 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ -271.412 -10.958 Td [(13;)-329(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.24 0 Td [(Vit.)-407(Auct.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.744 0 Td [(c.)-407(20,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 23.91 0 Td [(\274\314\275\277\302)-302(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.144 0 Td [(W)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\302)-302(\303\277\306\314\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.285 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.953 0 Td [(\274\314\275\277\302)-302(\272\261\273\314\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.816 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.953 0 Td [(\274\314\275\277\302)-302(\261\275\264\301\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.279 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\302)]TJ -272.506 -10.959 Td [(\262\261\303\271\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.594 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\345)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\256\304\311\301)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.206 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.918 -7.311 Td [(1684)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.005 0 Td [(De)-253(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.645 0 Td [(i.)-258(10,)-253(\247)-253(1,)-254(hoc)-252(majores)-253(nostri)-253(questi)-252(sunt,)-254(hoc)-252(nos)-253(querimur,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1741 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1742 0 R /Resources 1740 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1739 0 R >> endobj 1740 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1745 0 obj << /Length 5885 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(381)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(circus,)-324(you)-309(have)-309(a)-310(mere)-309(gathering)-309(of)-309(savage)-309(beasts,)-324(a)-309(spectacle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-400(vice)-400(incarnate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.699 3.959 Td [(1685)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.075 -3.959 Td [(In)-400(the)-400(garb)-400(of)-400(peace,)-437(they)-400(are)-401(engaged)]TJ -102.774 -13.549 Td [(in)-301(a)-301(truceless)-301(war,)-313(hating)-301(the)-301(fortunate,)-314(trampling)-301(on)-301(the)-300(fallen.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Viewing)-190(this)-189(scene)-190(of)-189(shameless)-190(lust)-189(and)-190(cupidity)-189(where)-190(every)-189(tie)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([314])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(of)-220(duty)-220(or)-220(friendship)-220(is)-220(violated,)-226(if)-220(the)-220(wise)-220(man)-219(were)-220(to)-220(measure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-329(indignation)-329(by)-329(the)-329(atrocity)-329(of)-329(the)-329(offenders,)-349(his)-329(anger)-329(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(end)-310(in)-310(madness.)-429(But)-310(we)-310(are)-310(all)-310(bad)-310(men)-310(living)-310(among)-309(the)-310(bad,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(we)-250(should)-250(be)-250(gentle)-250(to)-250(one)-250(another.)]TJ 11.955 -14.197 Td [(The)-185(idealism)-186(and)-185(the)-186(pessimism)-185(of)-186(the)-185(earlier)-186(Stoics)-185(were)-185(alike)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(fatal)-251(to)-250(any)-251(effort)-251(of)-251(moral)-251(reform.)-252(The)-251(cold,)-251(flawless)-250(perfection)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-234(the)-234(man)-233(of)-234(triumphant)-234(reason)-234(was)-234(an)-234(impossible)-234(model)-233(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-267(only)-267(discourage)-266(and)-267(repel)-267(aspirants)-267(to)-266(the)-267(higher)-267(life.)-300(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ghastly)-340(moral)-340(wreck)-340(of)-340(ordinary)-340(human)-340(nature,)-363(in)-340(which)-340(not)-340(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(single)-408(germ)-408(of)-408(virtuous)-408(impulse)-408(seemed)-408(to)-408(have)-407(survived)-408(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ruin,)-264(left)-261(apparently)-262(no)-261(hope)-261(of)-261(rescue)-262(or)-261(escape.)-284(If)-261(morals)-261(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-330(be)-330(anything)-330(but)-330(an)-330(abstract)-330(theory,)-350(if)-330(they)-330(were)-329(to)-330(have)-330(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bearing)-231(on)-231(the)-231(actual)-231(character)-231(and)-231(destiny)-231(of)-231(man,)-235(their)-231(demand)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-286(be)-286(modified.)-357(And)-286(so)-286(in)-286(many)-286(essential)-286(points)-286(it)-286(was,)-294(even)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(before)-403(Seneca.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.878 3.959 Td [(1686)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.168 -3.959 Td [(The)-403(ideal)-403(contempt)-403(for)-402(all)-403(external)-403(things)]TJ -90.046 -13.549 Td [(had)-369(to)-369(give)-370(way)-369(to)-369(an)-369(Aristotelian)-369(recognition)-370(of)-369(the)-369(value)-369(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-374(of)-375(them)-374(for)-374(a)-375(virtuous)-374(life.)-623(And)-374(Seneca)-375(is)-374(sometimes)-374(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(follower)-330(of)-329(Aristotle,)-350(as)-330(in)-330(the)-329(admission,)-350(so)-330(convenient)-330(to)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(millionaire,)-269(that)-265(wealth)-266(may)-265(be)-265(used)-266(by)-265(the)-265(wise)-266(man)-265(for)-265(higher)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moral)-257(ends.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.978 3.959 Td [(1687)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.395 -3.959 Td [(He)-257(will)-257(not)-257(be)-257(the)-257(slave)-257(of)-257(money;)-261(he)-257(will)-257(be)-257(its)]TJ -70.373 -13.549 Td [(master.)-488(He)-329(will)-329(admit)-330(it)-329(to)-329(his)-330(home,)-349(but)-329(not)-329(to)-330(his)-329(heart,)-349(as)-329(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thing)-295(which)-294(may)-295(take)-295(to)-295(itself)-294(wings)-295(at)-295(any)-295(moment,)-306(but)-294(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-256(meanwhile)-255(be)-256(used)-255(to)-256(cheer)-255(and)-256(warm)-256(him)-255(in)-256(his)-255(struggles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-327(may)-327(be)-327(dispensed)-327(in)-327(beneficent)-327(help)-327(to)-327(dependents.)-480(In)-327(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 141.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 132.461 Td [(hoc)-295(posteri)-295(nostri)-295(querentur,)-306(eversos)-295(mores)-294(regnare)-295(nequitiam,)-306(in)-295(deterius)-295(res)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(humanas)-250(labi.)-250(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.5 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.605 0 Td [(c.)-250(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -105.844 -7.394 Td [(1685)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(8,)-250(\247)-250(1,)-250(istic)-250(tantumdem)-250(esse)-250(vitiorum)-250(quantum)-250(hominum.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -38.348 -7.311 Td [(1686)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.441 0 Td [(Phil.)-396(der)-299(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.191 0 Td [(iii.)-396(1,)-311(p.)-396(637;)-323(cf.)-397(p.)-396(249.)-396(Cf.)-396(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 139.866 0 Td [(Mor.)-396(sous)]TJ -243.453 -10.958 Td [(l)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 2.492 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Emp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.759 0 Td [(p.)-531(62.)-531(On)-344(Seneca)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 66.89 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-344(relation)-343(to)-344(the)-344(old)-344(Stoic)-343(theology,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 134.114 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.305 0 Td [(Burgmann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -240.532 -10.959 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 25.392 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(Theologie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.595 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(42)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -72.713 -7.311 Td [(1687)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Vit.)-250(Beat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.562 0 Td [(c.)-250(22.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1744 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1745 0 R /Resources 1743 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1739 0 R >> endobj 1746 0 obj << /D [1744 0 R /XYZ 46.771 477.528 null] >> endobj 1743 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1749 0 obj << /Length 5932 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(382)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(same)-335(way,)-356(beside)-334(the)-335(ideal)-334(of)-335(perfect)-335(conformity)-334(to)-335(the)-335(law)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason,)-266(there)-264(appeared)-263(a)-263(class)-263(of)-263(conditional)-263(duties.)-289(To)-263(conform)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absolutely)-492(to)-491(the)-492(law)-492(of)-492(reason,)-552(to)-491(realise)-492(the)-492(highest)-491(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-371(virtue,)-401(remains)-372(the)-371(highest)-371(Stoic)-371(ideal.)-613(But)-371(if,)-401(beside)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-243(highest)-244(good,)-244(it)-244(is)-243(permitted)-243(to)-244(attach)-243(a)-243(certain)-244(value)-243(to)-243(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-353(the)-353(external)-353(objects)-352(of)-353(desire,)-379(manifestly)-353(a)-353(whole)-352(class)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-264(varying)-264(duties)-264(arises)-264(in)-264(the)-264(field)-264(of)-264(choice)-264(and)-264(avoidance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1688)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-194(again)-194(the)-194(ideal)-195(of)-194(imperturbable)-194(calm,)-205(which)-194(approached)-194(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apathy)-286(of)-286(the)-285(Cynics,)-295(was)-286(softened)-285(by)-286(the)-286(admission)-286(of)-285(rational)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dispositions)-250(of)-249(feeling.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.69 3.959 Td [(1689)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.164 -3.959 Td [(These)-250(concessions)-249(to)-250(imperious)-249(facts)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -191.609 0 Td [([315])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-282(human)-283(life,)-290(of)-282(course,)-291(modified)-282(the)-282(awful)-283(moral)-282(antithesis)-282(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wise)-391(and)-392(foolish,)-427(good)-391(and)-392(reprobate.)-674(Where)-392(is)-391(the)-391(perfectly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wise)-280(man,)-287(with)-280(his)-279(single)-280(moral)-280(purpose,)-287(his)-280(unruffled)-279(serenity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-483(full)-483(assurance)-483(of)-483(his)-483(own)-483(impregnable)-483(strength,)-541(actually)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-397(be)-398(found?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.748 3.959 Td [(1690)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.986 -3.959 Td [(He)-397(is)-398(not)-397(to)-397(be)-397(discovered)-398(among)-397(the)-397(most)]TJ -81.734 -13.549 Td [(devoted)-238(adherents)-237(of)-238(the)-238(true)-237(philosophic)-238(creed.)-246(Even)-238(a)-237(Socrates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(falls)-447(short)-447(of)-447(the)-447(sublime)-448(standard.)-841(If)-447(we)-447(seek)-447(for)-447(the)-447(wise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-344(in)-344(the)-344(fabulous)-344(past,)-367(we)-344(shall)-344(find)-343(only)-344(heroic)-344(force,)-368(or)-343(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blissful,)-439(untempted)-401(ignorance,)-439(whi)1(ch)-401(are)-401(alike)-401(wanting)-401(in)-401(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(first)-208(essential)-209(of)-208(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.227 3.959 Td [(1691)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.014 -3.959 Td [(As)-208(the)-209(perfect)-208(ideal)-208(of)-208(moral)-209(wisdom,)]TJ -118.241 -13.549 Td [(imperturbable,)-230(assured,)-231(and)-225(indefectible,)-230(receded)-226(to)-225(remote)-225(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distances,)-521(so)-467(the)-467(condemnation)-466(of)-467(all)-467(moral)-467(states)-467(below)-466(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impossible)-309(perfection)-310(to)-309(indiscriminate)-309(reprobacy)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.529 3.959 Td [(1692)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.813 -3.959 Td [(had)-309(to)-310(be)]TJ -239.342 -13.549 Td [(revoked.)-296(Seneca)-265(maintains)-265(that)-266(men)-265(are)-265(all)-266(bad,)-269(but)-265(he)-265(is)-265(forced)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-244(admit)-244(that)-244(they)-244(are)-244(not)-244(all)-243(equally)-244(bad,)-246(nay,)-245(that)-244(there)-244(are)-243(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who,)-198(although)-186(not)-185(quite)-186(emancipated)-185(from)-186(the)-185(snares)-186(of)-185(the)-185(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-193(the)-194(flesh,)-205(have)-193(reached)-193(various)-194(stages)-193(on)-194(the)-193(upward)-193(way.)-231(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-213(distinguishes)-213(three)-212(classes)-213(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 150.37 0 Td [(proficientes)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.512 0 Td [(,)-220(of)-213(persons)-213(on)-213(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.388 Td [(1688)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(74,)-250(\247)-250(17;)-250(87,)-250(\247)-250(29)-250(sq.:)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 80.205 0 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(v.)-250(13,)-250(\247)-250(1)-250(sq.;)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(638.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -140.466 -7.31 Td [(1689)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\254\270\265\271\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.644 0 Td [(,)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.933 0 Td [(De)-250(Brev.)-250(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.055 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(\247)-250(2;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.884 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(2-4;)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(216.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -171.176 -7.311 Td [(1690)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-327(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.491 0 Td [(vii.)-482(\247)-328(4,)-347(ubi)-327(enim)-328(istum)-327(invenies)-327(quem)-328(tot)-327(seculis)-328(quaerimus?)]TJ -52.447 -10.959 Td [(Pro)-250(optimo)-250(est)-250(minime)-250(malus.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 110.099 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(42,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -127.282 -7.31 Td [(1691)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(90,)-250(\247)-250(44)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1692)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(72,)-250(\247\247)-250(6-11.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1748 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1749 0 R /Resources 1747 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1739 0 R >> endobj 1750 0 obj << /D [1748 0 R /XYZ 318.737 396.232 null] >> endobj 1747 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1753 0 obj << /Length 5491 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(383)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(path)-252(of)-253(moral)-252(progress.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 101.271 3.959 Td [(1693)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.244 -3.959 Td [(There)-252(is)-253(the)-252(man)-252(who)-253(has)-252(conquered)]TJ -120.515 -13.549 Td [(many)-359(serious)-360(vices,)-386(but)-359(is)-360(still)-359(captive)-359(to)-359(others.)-578(Again,)-386(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-292(the)-292(man)-293(who)-292(has)-292(got)-292(rid)-293(of)-292(the)-292(worst)-292(faults)-292(and)-293(passions,)-302(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-332(is)-332(not)-332(secure)-332(against)-331(a)-332(relapse.)-496(There)-332(is)-332(a)-332(third)-332(class)-331(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-423(almost)-422(reached)-423(the)-422(goal.)-768(They)-423(have)-422(achieved)-423(the)-422(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-261(victory;)-267(they)-262(have)-261(embraced)-262(the)-261(one)-261(true)-262(object)-261(of)-261(desire;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-251(are)-251(safe)-250(from)-251(any)-251(chance)-251(of)-250(falling)-251(away;)-251(but)-251(they)-251(want)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(final)-299(gift)-298(of)-299(full)-299(assurance)-299(reserved)-298(for)-299(the)-299(truly)-298(wise.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.452 3.959 Td [(1694)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.76 -3.959 Td [(They)]TJ -258.212 -13.549 Td [(have)-362(not)-361(attained)-362(to)-362(the)-362(crowning)-361(glory)-362(of)-362(conscious)-361(strength.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Seneca)-298(is)-298(still)-298(in)-298(bondage)-297(to)-298(the)-298(hard)-298(Stoic)-298(tradition,)-310(in)-298(spite)-297(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-218(aberrations)-218(from)-218(it.)-240(The)-218(great)-218(Catholic)-218(virtue)-218(of)-218(humility)-218(is)-218(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-294(still,)-306(theoretically)-294(at)-294(least,)-305(a)-295(disqualification)-294(for)-294(the)-294(highest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-250(rank.)]TJ 11.956 -17.013 Td [(And)-384(yet)-383(Seneca)-384(is)-383(far)-384(from)-383(wanting)-384(in)-383(humility.)-651(In)-383(giving)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(counsels)-169(of)-168(perfection,)-185(he)-169(candidly)-168(confesses)-169(that)-169(he)-168(is)-169(himself)-168(far)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-290(the)-289(ideal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.794 3.959 Td [(1695)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.464 -3.959 Td [(Indeed,)-300(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 51.571 0 Td [(Letters)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.466 0 Td [(reveal)-290(a)-289(character)-290(which,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.729 0 Td [([316])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(with)-341(lofty)-342(ideals,)-364(and)-342(energetic)-341(aspiration,)-364(is)-342(very)-341(far)-341(removed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-269(the)-269(serene)-269(joy)-269(and)-270(peace)-269(of)-269(the)-269(true)-269(Stoic)-269(sage.)-307(He)-269(has)-269(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(got)-234(the)-234(invulnerable)-234(panoply)-234(from)-234(which)-234(all)-234(the)-234(shafts)-234(of)-233(fortune)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glance)-272(aside.)-316(He)-272(shows)-272(again)-272(and)-272(again)-272(how)-272(deep)-272(a)-272(shadow)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terror)-340(of)-339(his)-340(capricious)-339(master)-340(could)-339(cast)-340(over)-339(his)-340(life,)-362(how)-339(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-356(be)-357(disturbed)-356(even)-357(by)-356(the)-356(smaller)-357(troubles)-356(of)-356(existence,)-383(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-322(slights)-321(of)-322(great)-322(society,)-339(by)-322(the)-321(miseries)-322(of)-322(a)-321(sea)-322(voyage,)-339(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-333(noises)-333(of)-334(a)-333(bath.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.588 3.959 Td [(1696)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.889 -3.959 Td [(In)-333(the)-333(counsels)-334(addressed)-333(to)-333(Lucilius,)]TJ -112.477 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-432(is)-433(probably)-432(quite)-433(as)-432(often)-432(preaching)-433(to)-432(himself.)-797(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ennui,)-276(the)-271(unsteadiness)-271(of)-271(moral)-271(purpose,)-276(the)-271(clinging)-271(to)-271(wealth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-329(power,)-348(the)-329(haunting)-328(fears)-329(or)-329(timid)-328(anticipations)-329(of)-328(coming)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(evil,)-227(for)-222(which)-221(he)-222(is)-222(constantly)-221(suggesting)-222(spiritual)-221(remedies,)-227(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diagnosed)-359(with)-358(such)-359(searching)-358(skill)-359(and)-359(vividness)-358(that)-359(we)-358(can)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.352 Td [(1693)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(75,)-250(\247)-250(8)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.31 Td [(1694)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(72,)-250(\247)-250(8)-250(sapiens)-250(laetitia)-250(fruitur)-250(maxima,)-250(continua,)-250(sua.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.394 Td [(1695)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.872 0 Td [(57,)-310(\247)-297(3,)-310(non)-298(de)-297(me)-298(loquor,)-310(qui)-298(multum)-297(ab)-298(homine)-298(tolerabili,)-309(nedum)-298(a)]TJ -26.827 -10.959 Td [(perfecto)-250(absum:)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.21 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(89,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -88.395 -7.311 Td [(1696)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.605 0 Td [(ii.)-250(\247)-250(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.41 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(53,)-250(\247)-250(4;)-250(56)-250(\247\247)-250(1-3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1752 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1753 0 R /Resources 1751 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1739 0 R >> endobj 1754 0 obj << /D [1752 0 R /XYZ 298.012 311.474 null] >> endobj 1751 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1757 0 obj << /Length 5695 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(384)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(hardly)-356(doubt)-356(that)-356(the)-356(physician)-356(has)-356(first)-356(practised)-356(his)-356(art)-356(upon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 35.455 3.959 Td [(1697)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.042 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-307(has)-308(he)-307(entire)-307(faith)-308(in)-307(his)-307(own)-308(insight)-307(or)-307(in)-308(the)]TJ -56.497 -13.549 Td [(potency)-220(of)-219(the)-220(remedies)-220(which)-219(ancient)-220(wisdom)-220(has)-219(accumulated.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-227(great)-227(difficulty)-227(is,)-231(that)-227(the)-227(moral)-226(patient,)-232(in)-227(proportion)-227(to)-226(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(inveteracy)-284(of)-283(his)-284(disease,)-292(is)-284(unconscious)-283(of)-284(it.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.328 3.959 Td [(1698)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.266 -3.959 Td [(Society,)-292(with)]TJ -222.594 -13.549 Td [(its)-292(manifold)-292(temptations)-293(of)-292(wealth)-292(and)-292(luxury)-292(and)-292(irresponsible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ease,)-418(can)-385(so)-385(overwhelm)-385(the)-384(congenital)-385(tendency)-385(to)-385(virtue,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1699)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(that)-369(the)-369(inner)-369(monitor)-369(may)-369(be)-369(silenced,)-399(and)-369(a)-369(man)-369(may)-369(come)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-298(love)-298(his)-299(depravity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.694 3.958 Td [(1700)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.743 -3.958 Td [(If)-298(men)-298(are)-299(not)-298(getting)-298(better,)-310(they)-298(are)]TJ -114.437 -13.55 Td [(inevitably)-374(getting)-374(worse.)-621(There)-374(is)-374(such)-374(a)-374(state,)-405(in)-374(the)-374(end,)-404(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hopeless,)-258(irreclaimable)-256(reprobacy.)-270(Yet)-256(even)-256(for)-257(the)-256(hoary)-256(sinner)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-389(will)-389(not)-388(altogether)-389(despair,)-424(so)-388(long)-389(as)-389(there)-389(lingers)-388(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-200(some)-199(divine)-200(discontent,)-209(however)-200(faint,)-209(some)-200(lingering)-199(regret)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-395(a)-396(lost)-395(purity.)-686(He)-395(will)-395(not)-395(lose)-395(hope)-396(of)-395(converting)-395(even)-395(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mocker)-323(like)-322(Marcellinus,)-341(who)-323(amuses)-323(himself)-322(with)-323(jeers)-323(at)-322(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vices)-358(and)-358(inconsistencies)-358(of)-358(professing)-358(philosophers,)-385(and)-358(does)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-306(spare)-306(himself.)-419(Seneca)-306(may,)-320(perchance,)-321(give)-306(him)-306(a)-306(pause)-306(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(downward)-250(course.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95.433 3.959 Td [(1701)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -83.477 -17.508 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.894 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-256(gospel,)-257(as)-256(he)-255(preaches)-256(it,)-257(is)-256(for)-256(a)-256(limited)-255(class.)-268(With)]TJ -46.483 -13.55 Td [(all)-309(his)-309(professed)-309(belief)-309(in)-309(the)-309(equality)-309(and)-309(brotherhood)-309(of)-308(men,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-487(addresses)-487(himself,)-546(through)-487(the)-487(aristocratic)-486(Epicurean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucilius,)-353(to)-332(the)-332(slaves)-332(of)-332(wealt)1(h)-332(and)-332(the)-332(vices)-332(which)-332(it)-332(breeds.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([317])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(The)-170(men)-170(whom)-170(he)-169(wishes)-170(to)-170(save)-170(are)-170(masters)-170(of)-170(great)-169(households,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(living)-174(in)-174(stately)-174(palaces,)-190(and)-174(striving)-174(to)-174(escape)-174(from)-174(the)-174(weariness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-267(satiety)-267(by)-267(visits)-267(to)-267(Baiae)-267(or)-267(Praeneste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.858 3.958 Td [(1702)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.723 -3.958 Td [(They)-267(are)-267(men)-267(who)]TJ -198.581 -13.55 Td [(have)-240(awful)-240(secrets,)-243(and)-240(whose)-240(apparent)-240(tranquillity)-240(is)-240(constantly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disturbed)-206(by)-206(vague)-206(terrors,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.501 3.959 Td [(1703)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.781 -3.959 Td [(whose)-206(intellects)-206(are)-206(wasted)-205(on)-206(the)]TJ -134.282 -13.549 Td [(vanities)-245(of)-246(a)-245(conventional)-245(culture)-245(or)-245(the)-246(logomachies)-245(of)-245(a)-245(barren)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.481 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.669 Td [(1697)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(24;)-250(esp.)-250(\247)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1698)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(53,)-250(\247)-250(7,)-250(quo)-250(quis)-250(pejus)-250(se)-250(habet,)-250(minus)-250(sentit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1699)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(94,)-250(\247\247)-250(55,)-250(56.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.31 Td [(1700)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(112,)-250(vitia)-250(sua)-250(et)-250(amat)-250(simul)-250(et)-250(odit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1701)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.31 Td [(1702)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(28,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1703)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(13,)-250(\247)-250(4)-250(sq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.846 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(24,)-250(\247)-250(11.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1756 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1757 0 R /Resources 1755 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1739 0 R >> endobj 1758 0 obj << /D [1756 0 R /XYZ 303.002 233.642 null] >> endobj 1755 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1761 0 obj << /Length 5673 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(385)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(dialectic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.688 3.959 Td [(1704)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.615 -3.959 Td [(They)-294(are)-295(people)-294(whose)-294(lives)-294(are)-295(a)-294(record)-294(of)-295(weak)]TJ -60.303 -13.549 Td [(purpose)-291(and)-292(conflicting)-291(aims,)-302(and)-291(who)-291(are)-292(surprised)-291(by)-291(old)-291(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(while)-260(they)-260(are)-260(still)-260(barely)-260(on)-260(the)-260(threshold)-260(of)-261(real)-260(moral)-260(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1705)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(With)-295(no)-295(religious)-294(or)-295(philosophic)-295(faith,)-306(death)-294(is)-295(to)-295(such)-295(men)-294(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-164(terror,)-181(as)-164(closing)-164(for)-164(ever)-164(that)-164(life)-164(of)-164(the)-164(flesh)-164(which)-164(has)-163(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-299(once)-298(so)-298(pleasant)-299(and)-298(so)-299(tormenting.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.514 3.959 Td [(1706)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.752 -3.959 Td [(In)-298(dealing)-299(with)-298(such)]TJ -190.266 -13.549 Td [(people,)-334(Seneca)-317(recognises)-317(the)-317(need)-317(both)-317(of)-317(the)-316(great)-317(principles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-407(right)-407(living)-407(and)-407(of)-407(particular)-407(precepts,)-446(adapted)-407(to)-406(varieties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-393(character)-392(and)-393(circumstance.)-677(The)-393(true)-392(and)-393(solid)-392(foundation)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-337(conduct)-337(must)-337(always)-336(be)-337(the)-337(clear)-337(perception)-337(of)-337(moral)-336(truth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(giving)-327(birth)-327(to)-326(rightly-directed)-327(purpose)-327(and)-327(supplying)-327(the)-326(right)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(motive.)-228(For)-185(example,)-198(without)-184(a)-185(true)-185(conception)-185(of)-184(God)-185(as)-185(a)-184(spirit,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worship)-386(will)-385(be)-386(gross)-386(and)-385(anthropomorphic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 200.107 3.959 Td [(1707)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.604 -3.959 Td [(The)-386(doctrine)]TJ -223.711 -13.549 Td [(of)-273(the)-273(brotherhood)-272(of)-273(all)-273(men)-272(in)-273(the)-273(universal)-273(commonwealth)-272(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-303(only)-304(solid)-303(ground)-304(of)-303(the)-303(social)-304(charities)-303(and)-304(of)-303(humanity)-303(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slaves.)-297(Yet)-266(dogma)-265(is)-266(not)-265(enough;)-274(discipline)-265(must)-266(be)-266(added.)-296(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-220(director)-219(has)-220(to)-219(deal)-220(with)-219(very)-220(imperfect)-219(moral)-220(states,)-225(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-345(quite)-346(rudimentary)-345(growth,)-369(and)-346(his)-345(disciples)-345(may)-346(have)-345(to)-345(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treated)-275(as)-275(boys)-275(learning)-275(to)-275(write,)-281(whose)-275(fingers)-275(the)-275(master)-275(must)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(guide)-386(mechanically)-385(across)-386(the)-386(tablet.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.799 3.959 Td [(1708)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.608 -3.959 Td [(The)-386(latent)-385(goodness)]TJ -190.407 -13.549 Td [(of)-287(humanity)-286(must)-287(be)-286(disencumbered)-287(of)-287(the)-286(load)-287(which,)-295(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(untold)-226(ages,)-231(corrupt)-227(society)-226(has)-226(heaped)-227(upon)-226(it.)-242(The)-226(delusions)-226(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-164(world)-164(and)-163(the)-164(senses)-164(must)-164(be)-164(exposed,)-181(the)-163(judgment,)-181(confused)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-283(dazzled)-282(by)-283(their)-282(glamour,)-291(must)-282(be)-283(cleared)-282(and)-283(steadied,)-290(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weak)-443(must)-442(be)-443(encouraged,)-490(the)-443(slothful)-442(and)-443(backsliding)-442(must)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-316(aroused)-315(to)-316(continuous)-315(effort)-315(in)-316(habitual)-315(converse)-316(with)-315(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-427(man)-426(who)-427(has)-427(trodden)-426(the)-427(same)-427(paths)-427(before.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 233.864 3.959 Td [(1709)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.948 -3.959 Td [(Thus)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.212 0 Td [([318])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-409(great)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.065 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Ars)-409(Vitae,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.572 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.307 0 Td [(founded)-409(on)-409(a)-409(few)-410(simple)-409(principles)-409(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.592 Td [(1704)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(117,)-250(\247)-250(31;)-250(75,)-250(\247)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.395 Td [(1705)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(13,)-250(\247)-250(17,)-250(quid)-250(est)-250(turpius)-250(quam)-250(senex)-250(vivere)-250(incipiens?)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.31 Td [(1706)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1707)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(95,)-250(\247)-250(49.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.31 Td [(1708)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.185 0 Td [(94,)-227(\247)-221(5,)-227(digiti)-221(puerorum)-221(tenentur)-221(et)-221(aliena)-221(manu)-221(per)-221(literarum)-221(simulacra)]TJ -26.14 -10.959 Td [(ducuntur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1709)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(11,)-250(\247)-250(8;)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.328 0 Td [(De)-250(Pr.)-250(Virt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.581 0 Td [(xv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1760 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1761 0 R /Resources 1759 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1763 0 R >> endobj 1762 0 obj << /D [1760 0 R /XYZ 305.583 165.896 null] >> endobj 1759 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1766 0 obj << /Length 5964 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(386)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(reason,)-364(developed)-342(into)-342(a)-341(most)-342(complicated)-341(system)-342(of)-341(casuistry)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-417(spiritual)-418(direction.)-752(How)-417(far)-417(it)-418(was)-417(successful)-417(we)-417(cannot)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pretend)-397(to)-397(say.)-691(But)-397(the)-397(thoughtful)-397(reader)-397(of)-397(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 238.117 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 8.575 0 Td [(Letters)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -250.325 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-427(help)-426(coming)-427(to)-427(the)-426(conclusion)-427(that,)-471(even)-426(in)-427(the)-426(reign)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-473(Nero,)-529(there)-472(must)-473(have)-473(been)-473(many)-473(of)-473(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 211.536 0 Td [(proficientes)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.513 0 Td [(,)-529(of)]TJ -263.049 -13.549 Td [(candidates)-327(for)-327(the)-327(full)-327(Stoic)-327(faith.)-481(If)-327(Seneca)-327(reveals)-327(the)-327(depths)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-298(depravity)-298(in)-299(his)-298(age,)-310(we)-298(are)-298(equally)-299(bound)-298(to)-298(believe)-298(that)-298(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(represents,)-346(and)-326(is)-327(trying)-326(to)-327(stimulate,)-346(a)-326(great)-327(moral)-326(movement,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-259(deep)-260(seated)-259(discontent)-259(with)-260(the)-259(hard,)-262(gross)-259(materialism,)-261(thinly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(veiled)-496(under)-495(dilettantism)-496(and)-495(spurious)-496(artistic)-495(sensibility,)-557(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-283(Nero)-283(was)-283(the)-284(type.)-349(Everything)-283(that)-283(we)-283(have)-283(of)-283(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 270.027 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s,)]TJ -273.659 -13.549 Td [(except)-253(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 47.328 0 Td [(Tragedies)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.636 0 Td [(,)-254(deals)-253(with)-253(the)-253(problems)-254(or)-253(troubles)-253(of)-253(this)]TJ -90.964 -13.549 Td [(moral)-291(life,)-302(and)-292(the)-291(demand)-291(for)-292(advice)-291(or)-292(consolation)-291(appears)-291(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-207(been)-207(urgent.)-236(Lucilius,)-216(the)-207(young)-207(Epicurean)-207(procurator,)-215(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-239(been)-238(immortalised)-239(by)-239(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 129.975 0 Td [(Letters)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 30.306 0 Td [(,)-241(is)-239(only)-238(one)-239(of)-239(a)-238(large)-239(class)]TJ -160.281 -13.549 Td [(of)-242(spiritual)-241(inquirers.)-247(He)-242(not)-241(only)-242(lays)-241(his)-242(own)-241(moral)-241(difficulties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-515(the)-515(master,)-581(but)-515(he)-515(brings)-515(other)-515(spiritual)-515(patients)-514(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(advice.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.2 3.959 Td [(1710)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.986 -3.959 Td [(There)-275(were)-275(evidently)-275(many)-275(trying)-275(to)-275(withdraw)-275(from)]TJ -51.186 -13.549 Td [(the)-234(tyranny)-234(or)-234(temptations)-234(of)-234(high)-234(life,)-237(with)-234(a)-234(more)-234(or)-234(less)-233(stable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(resolution)-276(to)-275(devote)-276(themselves)-275(to)-276(reflection)-275(and)-276(amendment.)-326(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-235(a)-236(curious)-235(pagan)-235(counterpart)-235(to)-236(the)-235(Christian)-235(ascetic)-235(movement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-305(the)-304(fourth)-305(and)-304(fifth)-305(centuries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.336 3.959 Td [(1711)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.949 -3.959 Td [(And,)-318(just)-305(as)-304(in)-305(the)-304(days)-305(of)]TJ -163.285 -13.549 Td [(S.)-235(Jerome)-235(and)-235(S.)-236(Paulinus,)-238(the)-235(deserter)-235(from)-235(the)-235(ranks)-235(of)-235(fashion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-263(pleasure)-264(in)-263(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.014 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-263(time)-264(had)-263(to)-263(encounter)-264(a)-263(storm)-263(of)-263(ridicule)]TJ -94.647 -13.549 Td [(and)-306(misrepresentation.)-420(Philosophic)-306(retreat)-306(was)-307(derided)-306(as)-306(mere)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(languid)-254(self-indulgence,)-256(an)-255(unmanly)-254(shrinking)-255(from)-254(social)-254(duty,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nay,)-484(even)-436(a)-437(mere)-437(mask)-437(for)-437(the)-436(secret)-437(vices)-437(which)-437(were,)-483(too)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-299(with)-300(truth,)-312(charged)-299(against)-300(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 163.649 0 Td [(soi-disant)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.303 0 Td [(philosopher.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.24 3.959 Td [(1712)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Sometimes)-268(the)-268(wish)-268(to)-269(lead)-268(a)-268(higher)-268(life)-268(was)-268(openly)-268(assailed)-268(by)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.108 Td [(1710)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(25,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1711)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-250(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.851 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(127,)-250(\247\247)-250(5-7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.827 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(118,)-250(\247)-250(5;)-250(Sulp.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.802 0 Td [(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.929 0 Td [(ii.)-250(13,)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -199.994 -7.31 Td [(1712)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.853 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.752 0 Td [(36,)-293(\247)-284(1,)-293(illum)-284(objurgant)-284(quod)-284(umbram)-285(et)-284(otium)-284(petierit;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 204.626 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.752 0 Td [(123,)]TJ -264.939 -10.959 Td [(\247)-363(15,)-391(illos)-363(quoque)-363(nocere)-363(nobis)-363(existimo,)-391(qui)-363(nos)-363(sub)-363(specie)-363(Stoicae)-363(sectae)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(hortantur)-215(ad)-216(vitia:)-232(hoc)-215(enim)-216(jactant)-215(solum)-215(sapientem)-215(et)-216(doctum)-215(esse)-215(amatorem.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1765 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1766 0 R /Resources 1764 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1763 0 R >> endobj 1764 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1769 0 obj << /Length 5776 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(387)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-326(cynical)-326(Epicureanism.)-477(Virtue)-325(and)-326(philosophy)-326(were)-326(mere)-325(idle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(babble.)-572(The)-357(only)-357(happiness)-357(is)-357(to)-358(make)-357(the)-357(most)-357(of)-357(the)-357(senses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(while)-263(the)-264(senses)-263(still)-263(keep)-264(their)-263(fresh)-263(lust)-264(for)-263(pleasure.)-290(The)-263(days)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-200(fleeting)-200(away)-200(never)-200(to)-199(return)-200(in)-200(which)-200(we)-200(can)-200(drink)-200(with)-199(keen)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(zest)-295(the)-295(joys)-295(of)-295(the)-295(flesh.)-384(What)-295(folly)-295(to)-295(spare)-295(a)-295(patrimony)-295(for)-294(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([319])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(thankless)-233(heir!)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.745 3.959 Td [(1713)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.105 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-233(had)-234(to)-233(deal)-233(with)-233(many)-234(souls)-233(wavering)]TJ -82.85 -13.549 Td [(between)-370(the)-370(two)-371(ideals.)-610(One)-370(of)-371(his)-370(treatises)-370(is)-370(addressed)-370(to)-370(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kinsman,)-246(Annaeus)-245(Serenus,)-246(who)-245(had)-245(made)-245(a)-245(full)-245(confession)-245(of)-244(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vague)-298(unrest,)-311(an)-298(impotence)-298(of)-298(will,)-311(the)-298(conflict)-298(of)-298(moral)-298(torpor)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-320(high)-320(resolve.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.012 3.959 Td [(1714)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.463 -3.959 Td [(In)-320(his)-320(better)-321(moments,)-337(Annaeus)-321(inclines)]TJ -101.475 -13.549 Td [(to)-238(simplicity)-238(of)-239(life)-238(and)-238(self-restraint.)-246(Yet)-238(a)-239(visit)-238(to)-238(a)-238(great)-238(house)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dazzles)-265(him)-265(and)-265(disturbs)-266(his)-265(balance,)-269(with)-265(the)-265(sight)-265(of)-265(its)-265(troops)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-288(elegant)-287(slaves,)-297(its)-288(costly)-287(furniture)-288(and)-287(luxurious)-288(feasting.)-362(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-467(at)-468(one)-467(time)-468(drawn)-467(to)-467(philosophic)-468(quietude;)-576(at)-467(another)-467(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(becomes)-305(the)-304(strenuous)-305(ambitious)-305(Roman)-304(of)-305(the)-305(old)-304(days,)-318(eager)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-332(the)-331(conflicts)-332(of)-332(the)-332(forum.)-495(He)-331(is)-332(always)-332(wavering)-331(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-288(conviction)-289(of)-288(the)-289(vanity)-288(of)-288(literary)-289(trifling)-288(and)-289(the)-288(passion)-288(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literary)-359(fame.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.952 3.959 Td [(1715)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.719 -3.959 Td [(Cannot)-359(Seneca,)-385(to)-359(whom)-359(he)-358(owes)-359(his)-358(ideal,)]TJ -82.671 -13.549 Td [(furnish)-353(some)-352(remedy)-353(for)-352(this)-353(constant)-353(tendency)-352(to)-353(relapse)-352(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(indecision?)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(It)-331(is)-330(in)-331(the)-331(sympathetic)-331(handling)-331(of)-330(such)-331(cases,)-351(not)-331(in)-330(broad)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-263(theory,)-266(that)-263(the)-263(peculiar)-262(strength)-263(of)-263(Seneca)-263(lies.)-288(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(counsels)-307(were)-306(adapted)-307(to)-306(the)-307(particular)-306(difficulties)-307(presented)-306(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him.)-248(But)-244(many)-245(of)-244(them)-244(have)-245(a)-244(universal)-244(validity.)-248(He)-244(encourages)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-215(wish)-215(to)-215(retire)-215(into)-215(meditative)-215(quietude,)-222(but)-215(only)-215(as)-215(a)-215(means)-215(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moral)-243(cure.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.608 3.959 Td [(1716)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.141 -3.959 Td [(Retreat)-243(should)-244(not)-243(be)-243(an)-244(ostentatious)-243(defiance)-243(of)]TJ -68.749 -13.549 Td [(the)-206(opinion)-206(of)-206(the)-206(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.259 3.959 Td [(1717)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.006 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-206(is)-206(it)-206(to)-206(be)-206(a)-207(mere)-206(cloak)-206(for)-206(timid)]TJ -125.265 -13.549 Td [(or)-253(lazy)-253(shrinking)-252(from)-253(the)-253(burdens)-253(of)-253(life.)-258(You)-253(should)-252(withdraw)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.431 Td [(1713)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(123,)-250(\247)-250(10.)-250(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.557 0 Td [(Inscr.)-250(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.263 0 Td [(4806,)-250(4807,)-250(4816.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -158.892 -7.311 Td [(1714)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(i.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.797 -7.394 Td [(1715)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.82 0 Td [(i.)-245(\247\247)-235(13-15,)-239(nec)-235(aegroto)-235(nec)-236(valeo;...)-245(In)-235(omnibus)-235(rebus)-236(haec)-235(me)-235(sequitur)]TJ -23.775 -10.959 Td [(bonae)-374(mentis)-374(infirmitas.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 94.73 0 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.066 0 Td [(\247)-374(17,)-405(rogo,)-406(si)-374(quod)-374(habes)-374(remedium)-374(quo)-375(hanc)]TJ -107.796 -10.959 Td [(fluctuationem)-249(meam)-249(sistam,)-250(dignum)-249(me)-249(putes)-249(qui)-250(tibi)-249(tranquillitatem)-249(debeam.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1716)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(7,)-250(\247)-250(8;)-250(19,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1717)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(68,)-250(ipsum)-250(otium)-250(absconde;)-250(jactandi)-250(autem)-250(genus)-250(est)-250(nimis)-250(latere.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1768 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1769 0 R /Resources 1767 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1763 0 R >> endobj 1770 0 obj << /D [1768 0 R /XYZ 66.952 463.978 null] >> endobj 1767 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1773 0 obj << /Length 7061 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(388)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(from)-432(the)-432(strife)-432(and)-432(temptations)-432(of)-432(the)-432(mundane)-432(city,)-477(only)-432(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devote)-307(yourself)-308(to)-307(the)-307(business)-308(of)-307(the)-307(spiritual)-308(city,)-321(to)-307(cultivate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(self-knowledge)-240(and)-240(self-government,)-242(to)-240(inspire)-240(the)-240(soul)-240(with)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contemplation)-357(of)-356(the)-357(Eternal)-356(and)-356(the)-357(Divine.)-569(Solitude)-357(may)-356(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-294(danger,)-305(unless)-293(a)-294(man)-294(lives)-294(in)-294(the)-293(presence)-294(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 209.998 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(One)-294(who)-294(seeth)]TJ -214.842 -13.549 Td [(in)-347(secret,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.443 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(1718)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.227 -3.959 Td [(from)-347(whom)-347(no)-348(evil)-347(thought)-347(is)-347(hidden,)-372(to)-347(whom)]TJ -65.513 -13.549 Td [(no)-363(prayer)-364(for)-363(evil)-363(things)-363(must)-364(be)-363(addressed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.526 3.959 Td [(1719)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.873 -3.959 Td [(And,)-392(lest)-363(the)]TJ -222.399 -13.549 Td [(thought)-328(of)-328(God)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 68.364 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-328(presence)-328(may)-328(not)-327(come)-328(home)-328(with)-328(sufficient)]TJ -71.996 -13.549 Td [(urgency,)-203(Seneca)-191(recommends)-191(his)-191(disciples)-192(to)-191(call)-191(up)-191(the)-191(image)-191(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([320])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(some)-264(good)-263(man)-264(or)-263(ancient)-264(sage,)-267(and)-264(live)-263(as)-264(if)-263(under)-264(his)-264(eye.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1720)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-211(first)-210(step)-211(in)-210(moral)-211(progress)-211(is)-210(self-knowledge)-211(and)-210(confession)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-287(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.972 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-287(faults.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.342 3.959 Td [(1721)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.378 -3.959 Td [(Ignorance)-287(of)-287(our)-287(spiritual)-287(disease,)-296(the)-287(doom)]TJ -86.324 -13.549 Td [(of)-277(the)-278(indurated)-277(conscience,)-284(is)-278(the)-277(great)-277(danger,)-284(and)-278(may)-277(be)-277(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mark)-258(of)-257(a)-258(hopeless)-258(moral)-257(state.)-273(Hence)-258(the)-257(necessity)-258(for)-257(constant)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(daily)-422(self-examination.)-767(In)-422(the)-422(quiet)-423(of)-422(each)-422(night)-422(we)-422(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(review)-207(our)-207(conduct)-206(and)-207(feeling)-207(during)-207(the)-206(day,)-216(marking)-206(carefully)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(where)-275(we)-275(have)-276(fallen)-275(short)-275(of)-275(the)-276(higher)-275(law,)-281(and)-275(strengthening)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ourselves)-188(with)-188(any)-188(signs)-188(of)-188(self-conquest.)-229(Seneca)-188(tells)-188(us)-188(that)-188(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-247(his)-247(own)-247(constant)-246(practice.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.866 3.958 Td [(1722)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.154 -3.958 Td [(For)-247(progress)-247(is)-247(only)-246(slow)-247(and)]TJ -152.02 -13.55 Td [(difficult.)-246(It)-237(requires)-238(watchful)-238(and)-237(unremitting)-238(effort)-237(to)-238(reach)-237(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assured)-223(and)-223(settled)-222(purpose)-223(which)-223(issues)-223(spontaneously)-223(in)-222(purity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(thought)-361(and)-362(deed,)-389(and)-362(which)-362(raises)-361(man)-362(to)-362(the)-361(level)-362(of)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine)-315(freedom.)-444(There)-315(must)-314(be)-315(no)-315(pauses)-315(of)-314(self-complacency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(until)-289(the)-289(work)-290(is)-289(done.)-368(There)-289(is)-289(no)-289(mediocrity)-290(in)-289(morals.)-367(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-236(be)-237(no)-236(halting)-236(and)-236(unsteadiness)-237(of)-236(purpose,)-239(no)-236(looking)-236(back)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-253(the)-253(deceitful)-253(things)-252(of)-253(the)-253(world.)-259(Inconstancy)-253(of)-253(the)-252(wavering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-344(only)-345(shortens)-344(the)-344(span)-345(of)-344(this)-344(short)-345(life.)-533(How)-344(many)-344(there)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.119 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.306 Td [(1718)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.278 0 Td [(43,)-235(\247)-232(4;)-237(cf.)-244(83,)-235(\247)-232(1;)-237(10,)-235(\247)-232(2,)-235(mecum)-231(loquor)-232(...)-244(cave)-231(ne)-231(cum)-232(homine)-231(malo)]TJ -26.234 -10.959 Td [(loquaris.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1719)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.548 0 Td [(10,)-264(\247)-262(5,)-264(turpissima)-262(vota)-261(dis)-262(insusurrant;)-267(cf.)-285(Pers.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 176.532 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.045 0 Td [(ii.)-285(7-18;)-267(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.346 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -268.427 -10.959 Td [(41,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1720)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(11,)-250(\247)-250(8;)-250(104,)-250(\247)-250(21,)-250(vive)-250(cum)-250(Chrysippo,)-250(cum)-250(Posidonio.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.31 Td [(1721)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.389 0 Td [(6,)-245(\247)-244(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.772 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.389 0 Td [(28;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.664 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.389 0 Td [(50,)-245(\247)-244(4;)-246(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.174 0 Td [(De)-244(Prof.)-248(in)-244(Virt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.589 0 Td [(c.)-248(xi.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 19.887 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.652 0 Td [(\300\254\270\277\302)-244(\273\255\263\265\271\275)]TJ -232.716 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\274\277\307\270\267\301\257\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.122 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\277\272\261\273\315\300\304\265\271\275)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 53.968 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\306\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.428 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\273\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.987 0 Td [(\002)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)-250(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.553 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\267)-250(\300\301\277\272\277\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.251 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\303\267\274\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.573 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.011 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -262.244 -7.311 Td [(1722)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(36,)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1772 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1773 0 R /Resources 1771 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1763 0 R >> endobj 1774 0 obj << /D [1772 0 R /XYZ 93.543 409.782 null] >> endobj 1771 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1777 0 obj << /Length 5564 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(389)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(are)-388(who,)-423(even)-389(when)-388(treading)-389(the)-388(last)-388(stage)-389(to)-388(death,)-423(are)-388(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beginning)-301(to)-301(live,)-314(in)-301(the)-301(true)-301(sense,)-314(and)-301(who)-301(miss)-301(the)-301(beatitude)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-321(the)-321(man)-321(who,)-338(having)-321(mastered)-321(the)-320(great)-321(secret,)-339(can)-321(have)-320(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(addition)-412(to)-412(his)-412(happiness)-412(from)-412(lengthened)-412(years.)-736(In)-412(the)-412(long)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tract)-443(of)-444(time)-443(any)-443(life)-443(is)-443(but)-444(a)-443(moment,)-492(and)-443(of)-443(that)-443(the)-443(least)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(part)-335(by)-335(most)-335(men)-336(is)-335(really)-335(lived.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.474 3.959 Td [(1723)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.951 -3.959 Td [(And)-335(this)-335(unsettled)-335(aim)-335(is)]TJ -168.425 -13.549 Td [(liable)-325(to)-326(constant)-325(temptation)-326(from)-325(without.)-477(We)-325(are)-325(continually)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(within)-316(sight)-316(and)-316(earshot)-316(of)-316(the)-316(isles)-317(of)-316(the)-316(Sirens,)-332(and)-316(only)-316(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resolution)-344(of)-344(a)-344(Ulysses)-344(will)-344(carry)-344(us)-344(past)-344(in)-344(safety.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.197 3.958 Td [(1724)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.241 -3.958 Td [(In)-344(fact)]TJ -251.438 -13.55 Td [(no)-410(isle)-410(of)-409(the)-410(Sirens)-410(can)-410(have)-409(been)-410(more)-410(dangerous)-410(than)-409(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-285(of)-286(a)-285(great)-285(household)-285(in)-285(the)-286(Neronian)-285(age,)-294(when)-285(the)-285(dainties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-339(the)-340(vices)-339(of)-340(every)-339(land)-340(assailed)-339(the)-340(senses)-339(with)-339(multiplied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seductions,)-288(and)-281(men)-281(craved)-280(in)-281(vain)-281(for)-280(a)-281(heightened)-281(and)-280(keener)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sensibility.)-374(Perpetual)-291(change)-292(of)-291(scene)-291(to)-292(the)-291(shores)-291(of)-292(Baiae,)-301(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([321])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(Apulia,)-287(to)-279(some)-280(glen)-279(in)-280(the)-279(Apennines,)-287(or)-279(to)-280(the)-279(northern)-279(lakes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-369(even)-368(further,)-398(to)-369(the)-368(Rhone,)-399(the)-368(Nile,)-398(the)-369(Atlas,)-398(was)-368(sought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-362(the)-361(jaded)-362(man)-361(of)-362(pleasure)-361(or)-362(the)-361(man)-362(struggling)-361(in)-362(vain)-361(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reform.)-356(But)-286(Seneca)-285(warns)-285(his)-286(disciple)-285(that)-285(wherever)-286(he)-285(may)-285(go)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-233(will)-232(take)-233(his)-232(vices)-233(and)-233(his)-232(weakness)-233(with)-232(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.817 3.958 Td [(1725)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.102 -3.958 Td [(Let)-233(him)-232(try)]TJ -231.919 -13.55 Td [(to)-210(work)-210(out)-210(his)-210(salvation)-210(within)-210(his)-210(great)-210(palace)-210(on)-210(the)-209(Esquiline.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Surrounded)-274(by)-273(splendour)-274(and)-274(luxury,)-279(let)-274(him,)-280(for)-273(a)-274(time,)-279(isolate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-271(from)-270(them;)-281(let)-270(him)-271(lie)-271(on)-270(a)-271(hard)-270(bed,)-276(and)-270(live)-271(on)-270(scanty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fare,)-282(and)-275(fancy)-275(himself)-276(reduced)-275(to)-275(that)-276(poverty)-275(which)-275(he)-275(dreads)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-263(much)-262(and)-263(so)-263(foolishly.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.371 3.959 Td [(1726)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.58 -3.959 Td [(The)-263(change)-262(will)-263(be)-263(good)-262(for)-263(body)]TJ -131.951 -13.549 Td [(and)-352(soul;)-403(and)-352(the)-352(temporary)-352(ascetic)-352(may)-352(return)-352(to)-352(his)-352(old)-351(life,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-295(least)-296(released)-295(from)-295(one)-295(of)-296(his)-295(bugbears,)-307(and)-295(refreshed)-295(with)-295(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-250(sense)-250(of)-250(freedom.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(Such)-496(were)-497(some)-496(of)-497(the)-496(precepts)-496(by)-497(which)-496(Seneca)-496(strove)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.27 Td [(1723)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.918 0 Td [(32,)-316(\247)-303(2,)-316(in)-303(tanta)-303(brevitate)-303(vitae)-302(quam)-303(breviorem)-303(inconstantia)-303(facimus,)]TJ -26.874 -10.959 Td [(etc.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.521 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.838 0 Td [(99,)-444(\247)-406(11,)-444(intelleges)-405(etiam)-406(in)-405(longissima)-405(vita)-406(minimum)-405(esse)-406(quod)]TJ -35.359 -10.959 Td [(vivitur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1724)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(56,)-250(\247)-250(15;)-250(51,)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.394 Td [(1725)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.916 0 Td [(51,)-203(\247)-191(4;)-211(104,)-203(\247)-191(20,)-202(si)-192(vis)-191(peregrinationes)-191(habere)-191(jucundas,)-203(tuum)-191(comitem)]TJ -25.871 -10.959 Td [(sana.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1726)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(17,)-250(\247)-250(5;)-250(18,)-250(\247)-250(8;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.783 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(87,)-250(\247)-250(1;)-250(cf.)-250(Martha,)-250(p.)-250(42.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1776 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1777 0 R /Resources 1775 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1763 0 R >> endobj 1778 0 obj << /D [1776 0 R /XYZ 318.914 342.036 null] >> endobj 1779 0 obj << /D [1776 0 R /XYZ 120.63 121.502 null] >> endobj 1775 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1782 0 obj << /Length 5785 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(390)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-410(fortify)-410(the)-410(struggling)-410(virtue)-410(of)-410(his)-410(disciples.)-730(But)-410(he)-410(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(concealed)-324(from)-323(them)-324(that)-324(it)-323(is)-324(only)-324(by)-323(struggle)-324(that)-324(the)-323(remote)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideal)-480(can)-481(be)-480(attained.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.903 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Vivere)-480(militare)-481(est.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 88.95 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.084 0 Td [(And)-480(almost)-481(in)]TJ -213.781 -13.549 Td [(the)-387(words)-386(of)-387(S.)-386(Paul,)-421(he)-386(uses)-387(the)-386(example)-387(of)-386(the)-387(gladiator)-386(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-481(athlete,)-539(to)-481(arouse)-481(the)-482(energy)-481(of)-481(the)-481(aspirant)-481(after)-481(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfection.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.953 3.959 Td [(1727)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 31.568 -3.959 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(They)-629(do)-629(it)-629(for)-629(a)-629(corruptible)-629(crown.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 175.983 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1728)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-591(reward)-592(of)-591(the)-592(Stoic)-591(disciple)-591(is)-592(vain)-591(and)-592(poor)-591(to)-591(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gross)-460(materialist.)-878(But,)-512(from)-460(the)-459(serene)-460(heights,)-512(where)-459(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Reason)-416(watches)-416(the)-415(struggle,)-458(the)-415(only)-416(victor)-416(is)-416(the)-416(man)-415(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-605(adopted)-604(the)-605(watchwords)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.914 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(self-knowledge,)-693(renunciation,)]TJ -145.823 -13.549 Td [(resignation.)-888(Only)-462(by)-463(following)-463(that)-462(steep)-463(path)-462(can)-463(any)-462(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-384(reach)-384(the)-383(goal)-384(of)-384(assured)-384(peace)-384(within,)-417(and)-384(be)-383(delivered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-471(the)-470(turmoil)-471(of)-470(chance)-471(and)-470(change.)-912(The)-470(misery)-471(of)-470(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sensual,)-302(the)-291(worldly,)-302(and)-291(the)-292(ambitious)-291(lies)-292(in)-291(the)-292(fact)-291(that)-291(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-402(staked)-402(their)-402(happiness)-402(on)-402(things)-402(which)-402(are)-402(beyond)-401(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(own)-264(power,)-268(which)-264(are)-264(the)-264(casual)-264(gifts)-264(of)-264(fortune,)-267(and)-264(may)-264(be)-264(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(capriciously)-306(withdrawn.)-419(This)-306(state)-306(is)-306(one)-306(of)-306(slavery)-306(to)-306(external)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(things,)-229(and)-224(the)-224(pleasure,)-230(after)-224(all,)-229(which)-224(can)-224(be)-224(drawn)-224(from)-224(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-364(fleeting.)-591(Hence)-364(it)-364(is)-364(that)-363(the)-364(sensualist)-364(is)-364(equally)-363(miserable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(when)-247(his)-247(pleasures)-247(are)-247(denied,)-248(and)-247(when)-247(they)-247(are)-248(exhausted.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1729)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(He)-356(places)-357(his)-356(happiness)-356(in)-356(one)-357(brief)-356(moment,)-383(with)-356(the)-356(danger)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([322])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(or)-332(the)-331(certainty)-332(either)-332(of)-332(privation)-331(or)-332(satiety.)-495(The)-332(wise)-332(man)-331(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-284(Stoics,)-292(on)-283(the)-284(other)-284(hand,)-292(has)-283(built)-284(his)-284(house)-283(upon)-284(the)-283(rock.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-272(shuns,)-277(according)-272(to)-271(the)-272(Pythagorean)-272(maxim,)-277(the)-272(ways)-272(of)-271(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(multitude,)-320(and)-305(trusting)-306(to)-306(the)-306(illumination)-305(of)-306(divine)-306(Reason,)-319(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(takes)-284(the)-285(narrow)-284(path.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.466 3.959 Td [(1730)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.294 -3.959 Td [(His)-284(guiding)-285(light)-284(is)-285(the)-284(principle)-285(that)]TJ -117.76 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 17.681 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(kingdom)-399(of)-398(heaven)-399(is)-399(within,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.06 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.193 0 Td [(that)-399(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.498 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-399(supreme)-398(good)]TJ -208.909 -13.549 Td [(depends)-420(only)-420(on)-420(himself,)-462(that)-420(is,)-462(on)-420(the)-420(unfettered)-420(choice)-419(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason.)-371(To)-290(such)-290(a)-290(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.65 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(all)-290(things)-290(are)-290(his,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 75.856 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.009 0 Td [(for)-290(all)-290(worth)-291(having)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.269 Td [(1727)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(96,)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1728)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.997 0 Td [(78,)-466(\247)-424(16,)-466(4,)-466(nos)-424(quoque)-423(evincamus)-423(omnia,)-466(quorum)-423(praemium)-424(non)]TJ -27.953 -10.959 Td [(corona)-250(nec)-250(palma)-250(est,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1729)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Vit.)-250(Beat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.562 0 Td [(vii.)-250(\247)-250(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.893 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(83,)-250(\247)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.595 -7.311 Td [(1730)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(37.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1781 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1782 0 R /Resources 1780 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1763 0 R >> endobj 1783 0 obj << /D [1781 0 R /XYZ 261.325 247.191 null] >> endobj 1780 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1786 0 obj << /Length 6209 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(391)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-458(within)-458(him.)-873(His)-458(mind)-458(creates)-457(its)-458(own)-458(world,)-510(or)-458(rather)-457(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rediscovers)-284(a)-283(lost)-284(world)-284(which)-283(was)-284(once)-284(his.)-350(He)-284(can,)-292(if)-284(he)-283(will,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(annihilate)-248(the)-248(seductions)-248(of)-248(the)-248(flesh)-247(and)-248(the)-248(world,)-249(which)-247(cease)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-266(disturb)-265(when)-266(they)-266(are)-265(contemned.)-297(He)-266(may)-266(equally)-265(extinguish)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-340(griefs)-339(and)-340(external)-340(pains)-339(of)-340(life,)-362(for)-340(each)-339(man)-340(is)-339(miserable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(just)-391(as)-391(he)-390(thinks)-391(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.327 3.959 Td [(1731)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.772 -3.959 Td [(Human)-391(nature,)-426(even)-390(unfortified)]TJ -138.099 -13.549 Td [(by)-305(philosophic)-305(teaching,)-318(has)-305(been)-305(found)-305(capable)-305(of)-305(bearing)-304(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extremity)-235(of)-234(torture)-234(with)-235(a)-234(smile.)-245(The)-235(man)-234(who)-235(has)-234(mastered)-234(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-355(secret)-354(that)-354(mind)-355(may,)-381(by)-354(its)-354(latent)-355(forces,)-381(create)-354(its)-354(own)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(environment,)-212(should)-203(be)-202(able)-203(to)-202(show)-203(the)-203(endurance)-202(of)-203(a)-202(Scaevola)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-359(a)-359(Regulus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.249 3.959 Td [(1732)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.73 -3.959 Td [(All)-359(he)-359(needs)-359(to)-359(do)-358(is)-359(to)-359(unmask)-359(the)-359(objects)]TJ -82.979 -13.549 Td [(of)-379(his)-379(dread.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.042 3.959 Td [(1733)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.384 -3.959 Td [(For)-379(just)-379(as)-379(men)-379(are)-378(deluded)-379(by)-379(the)-379(show)-379(of)]TJ -80.426 -13.549 Td [(material)-207(pleasure,)-215(so)-207(are)-206(they)-207(unmanned)-207(by)-206(visionary)-207(fears.)-235(Even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-292(last)-293(event)-292(of)-293(life)-292(should)-293(have)-292(no)-293(terror)-292(for)-293(the)-292(wise)-292(man,)-303(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(any)-340(rational)-340(theory)-341(of)-340(the)-340(future)-340(of)-340(the)-341(soul.)-520(The)-340(old)-340(mythical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hell,)-240(the)-236(stone)-237(of)-237(Sisyphus,)-240(the)-237(wheel)-237(of)-237(Ixion,)-239(Cerberus,)-240(and)-236(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ghostly)-367(ferryman,)-396(may)-367(be)-367(dismissed)-366(to)-367(the)-367(limbo)-367(of)-367(fable.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1734)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(For)-275(the)-275(man)-275(who)-275(has)-276(followed)-275(the)-275(inner)-275(light,)-281(death)-275(must)-275(either)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-309(a)-308(return)-309(to)-309(that)-308(antenatal)-309(calm)-309(of)-308(nothingness)-309(which)-309(has)-308(left)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(no)-232(memory,)-235(or)-232(the)-232(entrance)-232(to)-232(a)-231(blissful)-232(vision)-232(of)-232(the)-232(Divine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1735)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Even)-297(in)-296(this)-297(luxurious)-296(and)-297(effeminate)-297(time,)-308(men)-296(and)-297(women)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-279(ranks)-278(and)-279(ages)-279(have)-278(shown)-279(themselves)-279(ready)-278(to)-279(escape)-278(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(calamity)-294(or)-294(danger)-294(by)-294(a)-294(voluntary)-294(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.512 3.959 Td [(1736)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.608 -3.959 Td [(And)-294(what)-294(after)-294(all)]TJ -200.12 -13.549 Td [(is)-305(death?)-415(It)-305(is)-305(not)-305(the)-305(terminus)-305(of)-305(life,)-319(a)-305(single)-305(catastrophe)-305(of)-305(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moment.)-396(In)-298(the)-299(very)-298(hour)-299(of)-299(birth)-298(we)-299(enter)-298(on)-299(the)-298(first)-299(stage)-298(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-336(journey)-337(to)-336(the)-336(grave.)-509(We)-336(are)-337(dying)-336(daily,)-358(and)-336(our)-336(last)-336(day)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-223(completes)-223(the)-223(process)-223(of)-223(a)-223(life-long)-223(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 204.572 3.959 Td [(1737)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.067 -3.959 Td [(And)-223(as)-223(to)-223(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.385 0 Td [([323])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.711 Td [(1731)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(96;)-250(98,)-250(\247\247)-250(2,)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.31 Td [(1732)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.61 0 Td [(iii.)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.305 -7.311 Td [(1733)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(24,)-250(\247)-250(13,)-250(rebus)-250(persona)-250(demenda)-250(est.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1734)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(18;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(36,)-250(\247)-250(10;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(30,)-250(\247)-250(17;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(58,)-250(\247)-250(27;)-250(cf.)-250(Epict.)-250(ii.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -169.607 -7.394 Td [(1735)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-328(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.005 0 Td [(vi.)-484(\247)-327(6;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.239 0 Td [(Ad)-328(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.504 0 Td [(25;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.747 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.142 0 Td [(102,)-347(\247\247)-328(23-26,)-347(Per)-328(has)-328(mortalis)-328(aevi)]TJ -146.592 -10.959 Td [(moras)-250(illi)-250(meliori)-250(vitae)-250(longiorique)-250(proluditur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1736)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(24,)-250(\247)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1737)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(24,)-250(\247)-250(20;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(36.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1785 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1786 0 R /Resources 1784 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1788 0 R >> endobj 1787 0 obj << /D [1785 0 R /XYZ 46.771 165.896 null] >> endobj 1784 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1791 0 obj << /Length 5249 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(392)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(shortness)-277(of)-277(our)-278(days,)-284(no)-277(life)-277(is)-277(short)-277(if)-277(it)-278(has)-277(been)-277(full.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.611 3.959 Td [(1738)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.055 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(mass)-291(of)-292(men)-291(are)-292(only)-291(living)-292(in)-291(an)-291(ambiguous)-292(sense;)-312(they)-291(linger)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-321(vegetate)-322(in)-321(life,)-339(they)-322(do)-321(not)-321(really)-322(live.)-464(Nay,)-339(many)-321(are)-321(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(since)-378(dead)-378(when)-378(the)-378(hour)-378(of)-378(so-called)-378(death)-378(arrives.)-634(And)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(men)-263(who)-264(mourn)-263(over)-263(the)-264(shortness)-263(of)-263(their)-264(days)-263(are)-263(the)-263(greatest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prodigals)-284(of)-285(the)-284(one)-284(thing)-284(that)-285(can)-284(never)-284(be)-284(replaced.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.823 3.959 Td [(1739)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.288 -3.959 Td [(In)-284(the)]TJ -255.111 -13.549 Td [(longest)-301(life,)-314(on)-302(a)-301(rational)-301(estimate,)-314(how)-301(small)-302(a)-301(fraction)-301(is)-301(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-234(lived!)-245(The)-234(whole)-235(past,)-237(which)-234(might)-234(be)-235(a)-234(sure)-234(and)-234(precious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possession,)-389(is)-361(flung)-361(away)-361(by)-361(the)-361(eager,)-389(worldly)-361(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.868 3.958 Td [(1740)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.798 -3.958 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(fleeting)-253(present)-254(is)-253(lost)-253(in)-253(unrest)-254(or)-253(reckless)-253(procrastination,)-254(or)-253(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(projecting)-236(ourselves)-236(into)-235(a)-236(future)-236(that)-236(may)-236(never)-235(come.)-246(Thus)-235(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-231(surprises)-230(us)-231(while)-231(we)-230(are)-231(mere)-231(children)-230(in)-231(moral)-231(growth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1741)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -252.236 -21.007 Td [(At)-482(certain)-482(moments,)-540(the)-483(Stoic)-482(ideal)-482(might)-482(seem)-482(to)-482(be)-482(in)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(danger)-513(of)-513(merging)-513(itself)-513(in)-513(the)-513(self-centred)-513(isolation)-513(of)-513(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cynic,)-390(asserting)-362(the)-362(defiant)-362(independence)-362(of)-362(individual)-361(virtue,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-395(nothingness)-394(of)-395(all)-395(external)-395(goods,)-430(the)-395(omnipotence)-395(of)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solitary)-391(wi)1(ll.)-672(And)-390(undoubtedly,)-426(in)-390(the)-391(last)-390(resort,)-426(Seneca)-390(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pictured)-373(the)-372(wise)-372(man)-373(thus)-372(driven)-373(to)-372(bay,)-403(and)-373(calmly)-372(defying)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-300(rage)-299(of)-300(the)-299(tyrant,)-312(the)-300(caprices)-299(of)-300(fortune,)-312(the)-299(loss)-300(of)-299(health)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-389(wealth,)-423(nay)-389(the)-388(last)-389(extremity)-389(of)-388(torture)-389(and)-388(ignominious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death.)-374(His)-291(own)-291(perilous)-291(position,)-302(and)-291(the)-291(prospect)-291(of)-291(society)-291(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-325(reign)-326(of)-325(Nero,)-344(might)-325(well)-326(lead)-325(a)-325(man)-326(of)-325(meditative)-325(turn)-325(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-336(prepare)-336(himself)-337(for)-336(a)-336(fate)-336(which)-336(was)-337(always)-336(imminent.)-508(But)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-276(Stoic)-276(doctor)-276(could)-275(never)-276(acquiesce)-276(in)-276(a)-276(mere)-276(negative)-275(ideal,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(self-centred)-250(independence)-251(of)-251(the)-250(individual)-251(soul.)-252(He)-251(was)-250(too)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cultivated,)-281(he)-275(had)-275(drunk)-275(too)-275(deep)-275(of)-275(the)-275(science)-275(and)-275(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-288(the)-288(past,)-298(he)-288(had)-289(too)-288(wide)-288(an)-288(outlook)-289(over)-288(the)-288(facts)-288(of)-288(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-345(and)-346(society,)-369(to)-345(relegate)-346(himself)-345(to)-345(a)-346(moral)-345(isolation)-345(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-366(apt)-367(to)-366(become)-367(a)-366(state)-366(of)-367(brutal)-366(disregard)-366(of)-367(the)-366(claims)-366(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.269 Td [(1738)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.582 0 Td [(93,)-269(\247)-265(2,)-270(longa)-265(est)-265(vita)-266(si)-265(plena)-265(est;)-273(cf.)-296(101,)-269(\247)-266(10,)-269(singulos)-265(dies)-265(singulas)]TJ -26.538 -10.959 Td [(vitas)-250(puta.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1739)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Brev.)-250(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.055 0 Td [(viii.)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -63.75 -7.31 Td [(1740)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(x.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1741)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ix.)-250(\247)-250(4,)-250(pueriles)-250(adhuc)-250(animos)-250(senectus)-250(opprimit.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1790 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1791 0 R /Resources 1789 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1788 0 R >> endobj 1789 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1794 0 obj << /Length 5363 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(393)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(social)-192(duty,)-203(and)-192(even)-192(of)-192(personal)-192(self-respect.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.667 3.959 Td [(1742)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.954 -3.959 Td [(Such)-192(a)-192(position)]TJ -214.621 -13.549 Td [(was)-331(absolutely)-332(impossible)-331(to)-331(a)-332(man)-331(like)-331(Seneca.)-494(Whatever)-331(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practice)-330(may)-330(have)-329(been,)-350(it)-330(is)-330(clear)-329(that)-330(in)-330(temperament)-330(he)-329(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(almost)-357(too)-357(soft)-358(and)-357(emotional.)-571(He)-358(was)-357(a)-357(man)-357(with)-357(an)-357(intense)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([324])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(craving)-440(for)-439(sympathy,)-487(and)-440(lavish)-439(of)-440(it)-439(to)-440(others;)-534(he)-440(was)-439(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-410(man)-409(in)-410(the)-409(world)-410(who)-410(could)-409(enjoy)-410(a)-409(solitary)-410(paradise)-409(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(self-satisfied)-218(perfection.)-240(It)-218(is)-219(true)-218(the)-218(Roman)-219(world)-218(to)-219(the)-218(eyes)-218(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-292(lay)-291(in)-292(the)-291(shadow)-292(of)-292(death,)-302(crushed)-291(under)-292(a)-291(treacherous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(despotism,)-434(and)-396(enervated)-397(by)-397(gross)-397(indulgence.)-690(Yet,)-433(although)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(he)-324(sees)-323(men)-324(in)-324(this)-324(lurid)-323(light,)-342(he)-324(does)-324(not)-323(scorn)-324(or)-324(hate)-323(them.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-362(was)-362(not)-361(for)-362(nothing)-362(that)-362(Seneca)-362(had)-361(been)-362(for)-362(five)-362(years)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-323(minister)-323(of)-323(the)-323(Roman)-323(Empire.)-469(To)-323(have)-323(stood)-323(so)-323(near)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(master)-270(of)-270(the)-271(world,)-275(and)-270(felt)-270(the)-271(pulse)-270(of)-270(humanity)-270(from)-270(Britain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-240(the)-240(Euphrates,)-242(to)-241(have)-240(listened)-240(to)-240(their)-240(complaints)-240(and)-240(tried)-240(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(minister)-261(to)-262(their)-261(needs,)-265(was)-261(a)-262(rare)-261(education)-262(in)-261(social)-261(sympathy.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-282(had)-282(a)-282(profound)-282(effect)-282(on)-282(M.)-282(Aurelius,)-290(and)-282(it)-282(had)-282(left)-282(its)-281(mark)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-250(Seneca.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.259 3.959 Td [(1743)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -35.303 -21.081 Td [(Two)-276(competing)-276(tendencies)-277(may)-276(be)-276(traced)-276(in)-277(Stoici)1(sm,)-283(and)-276(in)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.895 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-315(exposition)-316(of)-315(it.)-446(On)-316(the)-315(one)-315(hand,)-332(man)-316(must)-315(seek)-315(the)]TJ -34.528 -13.549 Td [(harmony)-195(of)-194(his)-195(nature)-195(by)-194(submitting)-195(his)-195(passions)-194(and)-195(emotions)-194(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-208(own)-208(higher)-209(nature,)-216(and)-208(shaking)-209(himself)-208(free)-208(from)-208(all)-208(bondage)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-281(the)-282(flesh)-281(or)-282(the)-281(world.)-345(On)-281(the)-281(other)-282(hand,)-289(man)-282(is)-281(regarded)-281(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(subject)-330(of)-329(the)-329(universal)-329(Reason,)-349(a)-330(member)-329(of)-329(the)-329(universal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commonwealth,)-467(whose)-423(maker)-424(and)-423(ruler)-424(is)-423(God.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.453 3.959 Td [(1744)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.842 -3.959 Td [(The)-423(one)]TJ -243.295 -13.549 Td [(view)-404(might)-404(make)-404(a)-404(man)-404(aim)-404(merely)-404(at)-404(isolated)-404(perfection;)-480(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(might)-414(produce)-415(the)-414(philosophic)-415(monk.)-743(The)-415(other)-414(and)-414(broader)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-386(of)-386(humanity)-387(would)-386(make)-386(man)-386(seek)-386(his)-386(perfection,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-454(only)-453(in)-454(personal)-453(virtue,)-505(but)-453(in)-454(active)-453(sympathy)-454(with)-453(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(movement)-503(of)-502(the)-503(world.)-1008(The)-503(one)-503(impulse)-502(would)-503(end)-503(in)-502(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.108 Td [(1742)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.997 0 Td [(Phil.)-277(der)-259(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.416 0 Td [(iii.)-277(1,)-262(p.)-277(329,)-261(der)-260(Stoiker)-259(ist)-259(zu)-259(gebildet)-259(...)-277(um)-260(den)]TJ -101.368 -10.959 Td [(Werth)-250(der)-250(wissenschaftlichen)-250(Weltbetrachtung)-250(zu)-250(verkennen.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1743)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-402(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.28 0 Td [(Phil.)-402(der)-301(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.283 0 Td [(iii.)-402(1,)-314(p.)-402(277,)-314(die)-301(Philosophie)-300(immer)-301(nur)-301(die)]TJ -118.518 -10.959 Td [(geschichtlich)-250(vorhandenen)-250(Zust\344nde)-250(abspiegele.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1744)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Burgmann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.339 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(Theologie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.595 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(26.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1793 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1794 0 R /Resources 1792 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1788 0 R >> endobj 1795 0 obj << /D [1793 0 R /XYZ 296.496 477.528 null] >> endobj 1792 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1798 0 obj << /Length 6094 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(394)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(kind)-341(of)-340(spiritual)-341(selfishness.)-522(The)-341(other)-341(would)-340(seek)-341(for)-341(the)-340(full)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(development)-210(of)-211(spiritual)-210(strength)-210(in)-210(the)-211(mutual)-210(aid)-210(and)-210(sympathy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-516(struggling)-516(humanity,)-582(in)-515(friendship,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.957 3.959 Td [(1745)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.79 -3.959 Td [(in)-516(the)-515(sense)-516(of)-516(a)]TJ -198.747 -13.549 Td [(universal)-256(brotherhood)-256(and)-256(the)-255(fatherhood)-256(of)-256(God.)-268(There)-256(are)-255(two)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cities,)-310(says)-299(Seneca,)-310(in)-298(which)-299(a)-298(man)-298(may)-299(be)-298(enrolled)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 231.328 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-298(great)]TJ -242.237 -13.549 Td [(society)-392(of)-392(gods)-392(and)-392(men,)-428(wide)-392(as)-392(the)-392(courses)-392(of)-392(the)-392(sun;)-463(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other,)-211(the)-201(Athens)-201(or)-202(the)-201(Carthage)-201(to)-201(which)-202(we)-201(are)-201(assigned)-201(by)-201(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accident)-297(of)-297(birth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 75.25 3.959 Td [(1746)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.703 -3.959 Td [(A)-297(man)-297(may)-297(give)-297(himself)-297(to)-297(the)-297(service)-297(of)]TJ -95.953 -13.549 Td [(both)-211(societies,)-218(or)-211(he)-211(may)-211(serve)-211(the)-210(one)-211(and)-211(neglect)-211(the)-211(other.)-236(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wise)-258(man)-258(alone)-258(realises)-258(to)-258(the)-258(full)-258(his)-258(citizenship)-258(in)-258(the)-257(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commonwealth,)-205(in)-194(pondering)-193(on)-194(the)-194(problems)-193(of)-194(human)-193(conduct,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([325])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(nature)-277(of)-278(the)-277(soul,)-284(of)-277(the)-277(universe)-277(and)-277(God,)-284(and)-277(conforming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-496(moral)-496(being)-496(to)-495(the)-496(eternal)-496(law)-496(of)-496(Nature.)-987(The)-496(sage,)-557(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Zeno)-244(or)-244(a)-244(Chrysippus,)-246(may)-244(rightly)-244(devote)-244(himself)-244(exclusively)-244(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(contemplation)-227(and)-226(moral)-227(self-culture.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 163.446 3.959 Td [(1747)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.081 -3.959 Td [(He)-227(may)-226(not,)-231(by)-227(wealth)]TJ -182.527 -13.549 Td [(and)-223(station,)-228(have)-223(access)-223(to)-223(the)-223(arena)-222(of)-223(active)-223(life.)-241(And,)-228(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-438(seeming)-438(recluse,)-485(he)-439(may)-438(really)-438(be)-438(a)-438(far)-438(greater)-438(benefactor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-421(his)-421(kind)-421(than)-421(if)-420(he)-421(led)-421(the)-421(Senate,)-464(or)-421(commanded)-420(armies.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-417(may)-417(be)-418(cases)-417(in)-417(which)-417(a)-417(man)-418(may)-417(be)-417(right)-417(in)-417(turning)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-344(back)-345(on)-344(public)-345(life,)-368(in)-344(order)-345(to)-344(concentrate)-345(all)-344(his)-344(energies)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-331(self-improvement.)-494(And)-331(Seneca)-331(does)-331(not)-331(hesitate)-331(to)-331(counsel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucilius)-399(to)-399(withdraw)-399(himself)-399(from)-399(the)-399(thraldom)-400(of)-399(office.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1748)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Yet)-349(Zeno)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.98 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-349(precept)-349(was)-349(that)-349(the)-350(wise)-349(man)-349(will)-349(serve)-349(the)-349(State)]TJ -45.613 -13.549 Td [(unless)-304(there)-305(be)-304(some)-304(grave)-304(impediment)-305(in)-304(his)-304(way.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.433 3.959 Td [(1749)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.941 -3.959 Td [(For,)-318(on)]TJ -248.374 -13.549 Td [(Stoic)-196(principles,)-206(we)-196(are)-195(all)-196(members)-196(one)-195(of)-196(another,)-206(and)-196(bound)-195(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(charity)-281(and)-281(mutual)-281(help.)-343(And)-281(all)-281(speculation)-281(and)-281(contemplation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-306(vain)-306(and)-306(frivolous)-306(unless)-306(they)-306(issue)-306(in)-306(right)-306(action.)-418(Yet)-305(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practical)-290(difficulty)-290(for)-290(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 116.862 0 Td [(sapiens)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.889 0 Td [(was)-290(great,)-300(if)-289(not)-290(insuperable.)]TJ -152.751 -13.549 Td [(What)-244(earthly)-243(commonwealth)-244(could)-243(he)-244(serve)-243(with)-244(consistency;)-245(is)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(1745)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(109,)-250(\247)-250(10;)-250(9,)-250(\247)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1746)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Otio)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.638 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(68,)-250(\247)-250(2;)-250(cf.)-250(S.)-250(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.234 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(,)-250(xi.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -189.028 -7.311 Td [(1747)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.854 0 Td [(Phil.)-248(der)-244(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.888 0 Td [(iii.)-248(1,)-246(p.)-248(274;)-246(Stob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.881 0 Td [(Flor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.374 0 Td [(45,)-246(29;)-246(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.992 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.394 0 Td [(29,)-245(\247)-245(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -252.078 -7.31 Td [(1748)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(19,)-250(\247)-250(6,)-250(subduc)-250(cervicem)-250(jugo)-250(tritam.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1749)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Otio)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.638 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(\247)-250(2,)-250(accedet)-250(ad)-250(rempublicam)-250(nisi)-250(si)-250(quid)-250(impedierit.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1797 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1798 0 R /Resources 1796 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1788 0 R >> endobj 1799 0 obj << /D [1797 0 R /XYZ 305.101 382.683 null] >> endobj 1796 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1802 0 obj << /Length 7248 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(395)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(it)-330(an)-330(Athens,)-350(which)-330(condemned)-330(a)-330(Socrates)-330(to)-330(death,)-350(and)-330(drove)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-240(Aristotle)-240(into)-240(exile?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.36 3.959 Td [(1750)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.129 -3.959 Td [(How)-240(please)-240(the)-240(vulgar)-240(sensual)-240(crowd)]TJ -118.489 -13.549 Td [(without)-268(displeasing)-268(God)-268(and)-269(conscience?)-304(It)-268(might)-268(seem)-268(that)-268(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(true)-264(disciple)-265(of)-264(Stoicism)-264(could)-264(not)-265(take)-264(a)-264(part)-265(in)-264(public)-264(life)-264(save)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(under)-359(some)-358(ideal)-359(polity,)-386(such)-358(as)-359(Plato)-358(or)-359(Chrysippus)-358(dreamed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 11.815 3.959 Td [(1751)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.327 -3.959 Td [(Here,)-256(as)-255(elsewhere,)-256(the)-255(problem)-255(was)-255(solved)-255(with)-255(varying)]TJ -31.142 -13.549 Td [(degrees)-326(of)-326(consistency.)-477(The)-325(problem)-326(is)-326(stated)-326(by)-325(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 253.968 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Se)]TJ -269.721 -13.549 Td [(contentus)-236(est)-235(sapiens)-236(ad)-235(beate)-236(vivendum,)-238(non)-236(ad)-236(vivendum.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 259.348 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1752)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-353(is)-352(the)-353(ever-recurring)-353(conflict)-353(between)-352(lofty)-353(idealism)-353(and)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(facts)-345(of)-345(human)-345(life,)-369(which)-345(is)-345(softened,)-369(if)-345(not)-345(solved,)-369(from)-345(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-379(age)-378(by)-379(casuistry.)-636(The)-379(wise)-378(and)-379(good)-379(man)-378(should)-379(have)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(springs)-315(of)-314(his)-315(happiness)-314(in)-315(himself.)-443(Yet)-314(a)-315(wise)-314(friend)-315(may)-314(call)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forth)-272(his)-273(powers,)-278(and)-272(furnish)-272(an)-273(object)-272(of)-273(self-sacrifice.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.769 3.959 Td [(1753)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.898 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(wise)-215(man)-214(will)-215(not)-214(entangle)-215(himself)-214(in)-215(the)-214(cares)-215(of)-214(family)-215(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1754)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Yet)-344(wife)-344(and)-344(child)-345(are)-344(needed)-344(to)-344(give)-344(completeness)-344(to)-344(the)-344(life)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([326])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(the)-324(citizen.)-472(Since)-324(man)-324(exists)-324(for)-324(the)-324(general)-324(order,)-342(how)-324(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-305(avoid)-305(lending)-304(his)-305(services)-305(to)-305(the)-305(State,)-318(unless)-305(there)-305(be)-304(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(insuperable)-273(bar?)-320(The)-273(controversy)-273(between)-273(the)-273(dream)-273(of)-273(solitary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfection)-288(and)-288(altruism)-288(was)-288(variously)-287(solved,)-298(and)-288(the)-287(particular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solution)-227(could)-228(always)-227(be)-228(defended)-227(in)-227(the)-228(light)-227(of)-227(the)-228(great)-227(law)-227(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life.)-371(Epictetus,)-300(cut)-291(off)-290(from)-290(the)-291(great)-290(world)-290(by)-291(servile)-290(birth)-290(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poverty,)-257(could)-256(make)-256(light)-256(of)-256(marriage,)-258(of)-256(the)-256(begetting)-256(of)-255(future)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(citizens,)-349(and)-329(the)-330(duties)-329(of)-329(political)-329(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.082 3.959 Td [(1755)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.759 -3.959 Td [(On)-329(the)-329(other)-330(hand,)]TJ -196.841 -13.549 Td [(M.)-374(Aurelius,)-404(by)-373(nature)-374(as)-374(detached)-373(as)-374(Epictetus,)-404(might)-373(refuse)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-247(follow)-248(the)-247(transcendental)-247(counsels)-248(of)-247(Chrysippus)-247(and)-247(Seneca.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-389(might)-390(strive)-389(painfully)-390(to)-389(reconcile)-389(devotion)-390(to)-389(an)-389(irksome)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(political)-285(charge)-284(with)-285(a)-285(dream)-285(of)-284(that)-285(unseen)-285(commonwealth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 267.299 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.782 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.885 Td [(1750)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.167 0 Td [(viii.)-657(\247)-385(1,)-420(interrogo)-385(ad)-386(quam)-385(rempublicam)-386(sapiens)-385(sit)-386(accessurus,)-419(ad)]TJ -25.123 -10.959 Td [(Athenas)-250(in)-250(qua)-250(Socrates)-250(damnatur,)-250(etc.;)-250(cf.)-250(Diog.)-250(Laert.)-250(v.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(1751)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(\247)-250(131.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1752)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(9,)-250(\247)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.394 Td [(1753)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(109,)-250(\247)-250(3)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.395 Td [(1754)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iii.)-250(22,)-250(\247)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.394 Td [(1755)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.296 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.054 0 Td [(i.)-795(9,)-477(\247)-431(1)-432(sqq.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.391 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.658 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.335 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.415 0 Td [(\243\311\272\301\254\304\277\305\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.022 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.111 0 Td [(\274\267\264\255\300\277\304\265)-432(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.357 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-431(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.382 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.083 -10.959 Td [(\300\305\270\314\274\265\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.357 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.39 0 Td [(\300\277\264\261\300\314\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.148 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.778 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.39 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\300\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.482 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.671 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\304\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.617 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.998 0 Td [(\270\267\275\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.516 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.248 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.913 0 Td [(\232\277\301\257\275\270\271\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.35 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.366 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.111 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\304\271)-237(\232\314\303\274\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.507 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1801 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1802 0 R /Resources 1800 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1788 0 R >> endobj 1803 0 obj << /D [1801 0 R /XYZ 151.571 328.486 null] >> endobj 1804 0 obj << /D [1801 0 R /XYZ 225.068 133.117 null] >> endobj 1800 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1807 0 obj << /Length 7259 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(396)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-250(the)-250(cities)-250(of)-250(men)-250(are)-250(as)-250(it)-250(were)-250(houses.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.531 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1756)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -190.419 -21.511 Td [(Yet)-406(in)-407(spite)-406(of)-406(these)-407(difficulties)-406(about)-406(public)-407(duty,)-445(no)-406(one)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(outside)-476(the)-476(pale)-476(of)-475(Christianity)-476(has)-476(perhaps)-476(ever)-476(insisted)-475(so)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(powerfully)-369(on)-369(the)-369(obligation)-369(to)-368(live)-369(for)-369(others,)-399(on)-369(the)-369(duty)-368(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(love)-422(and)-422(forgiveness,)-464(as)-422(Seneca)-422(has)-422(done.)-765(We)-422(are)-422(all,)-464(bond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-336(free,)-357(ruler)-336(or)-336(subject,)-358(members)-335(one)-336(of)-336(another,)-358(citizens)-336(of)-335(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universal)-358(commonwealth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 113.893 3.959 Td [(1757)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.705 -3.959 Td [(We)-358(have)-358(all)-358(within)-359(us)-358(a)-358(portion)]TJ -136.598 -13.549 Td [(of)-393(the)-394(Divine)-393(spirit.)-680(No)-393(man)-393(can)-394(live)-393(entirely)-393(to)-394(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1758)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(If)-419(we)-419(are)-420(not)-419(doing)-419(good)-419(to)-419(others)-419(we)-420(are)-419(doing)-419(harm.)-757(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-425(of)-425(man)-424(and)-425(the)-425(constitution)-425(of)-424(the)-425(universe)-425(make)-425(it)-424(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(positive)-346(obligation)-346(to)-346(seek)-346(the)-345(welfare)-346(of)-346(our)-346(fellows.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.363 3.959 Td [(1759)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.304 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(social)-268(instinct)-268(is)-268(innate)-268(and)-268(original)-268(in)-268(us.)-304(As)-268(man)-268(is)-268(flung)-268(upon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(world)-335(at)-334(birth,)-356(or)-335(in)-335(the)-335(natural)-334(state,)-356(with)-335(all)-335(his)-334(immense)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(possibilities)-240(as)-239(yet)-240(undeveloped,)-241(no)-240(creature)-239(is)-240(so)-239(helpless.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 254.837 3.959 Td [(1760)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.128 -3.959 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.549 Td [(was)-228(only)-229(by)-228(combination)-228(and)-229(mutual)-228(good)-228(offices)-229(that)-228(men)-228(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(able)-373(to)-373(repel)-373(the)-373(dangers)-373(which)-373(surrounded)-373(the)-373(infancy)-373(of)-373(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(race,)-275(and)-270(to)-271(conquer)-270(the)-270(forces)-270(of)-270(nature.)-311(Man)-270(is)-270(born)-270(for)-270(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(union,)-409(which)-376(is)-377(cemented)-377(by)-377(concord,)-408(kindness,)-409(and)-377(love,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1761)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(and)-331(he)-330(who)-331(shows)-331(anger,)-351(selfishness,)-351(perfidy,)-350(or)-331(cruelty)-331(to)-330(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fellows)-213(strikes)-213(at)-213(the)-213(roots)-213(of)-213(social)-213(life.)-238(Nor)-213(should)-212(the)-213(spectacle)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([327])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-325(universal)-325(depravity)-325(cause)-325(us)-325(to)-325(hate)-325(or)-325(despise)-325(our)-325(kind.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1762)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-284(is)-283(quite)-284(true)-283(that)-284(the)-283(mass)-284(of)-284(men)-283(are)-284(bad,)-292(and)-283(always)-284(will)-283(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bad,)-306(with)-294(only)-295(rare)-294(exceptions.)-384(If)-295(society)-294(is)-295(the)-294(source)-295(of)-294(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blessings,)-278(it)-272(is)-272(also)-273(a)-272(great)-272(corruptor,)-278(and)-273(the)-272(conquest)-272(of)-272(nature)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 187.652 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 180.755 Td [(1756)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-269(Aurel.)-307(iii.)-306(11;)-279(vi.)-306(44,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 90.083 0 Td [(\300\314\273\271\302)-269(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.902 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.047 0 Td [(\300\261\304\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.565 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.069 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-269(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.901 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.957 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.999 0 Td [(\275\304\311\275\257\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.687 0 Td [(\274\277\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.345 0 Td [(!)-307(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.895 0 Td [(\316\274\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.898 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-250(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.195 0 Td [(r)-250(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.714 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.299 0 Td [(\363)-250(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 15.225 0 Td [(\232\314\303\274\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.89 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -96.339 -7.394 Td [(1757)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.725 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.709 0 Td [(95,)-287(\247)-279(52;)-295(cf.)-338(M.)-279(Aurel.)-339(iv.)-338(4,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 107.068 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.971 0 Td [(\272\314\303\274\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.786 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\303\261\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.305 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.142 0 Td [(\300\314\273\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.715 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\257)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.778 0 Td [(:)-309(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -254.198 -10.959 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.546 0 Td [(i.)-290(13,)-267(\247)-264(3;)-270(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.481 0 Td [(De)-263(Leg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.87 0 Td [(i.)-290(7,)-267(23,)-267(ut)-263(jam)-264(universus)-263(hic)-264(mundus)-263(una)-264(civitas)]TJ -105.897 -10.959 Td [(sit)-250(communis)-250(deorum)-250(atque)-250(hominum)-250(existimanda.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(1758)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.884 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.299 0 Td [(47,)-237(\247)-234(2,)-237(alteri)-234(vivas)-233(oportet,)-237(si)-234(vis)-234(tibi)-234(vivere;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 161.816 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.299 0 Td [(55,)-237(non)-234(sibi)-234(vivit)]TJ -220.254 -10.959 Td [(qui)-250(nemini.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(1759)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Otio)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.638 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -43.333 -7.311 Td [(1760)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Benef.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.596 0 Td [(iv.)-250(18,)-250(\247)-250(2,)-250(nudum)-250(et)-250(infirmum)-250(societas)-250(munit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.291 -7.31 Td [(1761)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(5,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -38.348 -7.311 Td [(1762)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(10,)-250(\247)-250(5)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1806 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1807 0 R /Resources 1805 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1788 0 R >> endobj 1808 0 obj << /D [1806 0 R /XYZ 184.644 256.737 null] >> endobj 1805 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1811 0 obj << /Length 6170 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(397)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-242(the)-241(development)-242(of)-241(the)-242(art)1(s)-242(have)-241(aroused)-242(insatiable)-241(passions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-350(have)-349(darkened)-350(the)-350(eye)-350(of)-349(reason.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.891 3.959 Td [(1763)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.429 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-350(this)-349(crowd)-350(of)]TJ -201.32 -13.549 Td [(sinners)-298(are)-297(our)-298(brothers,)-309(with)-297(the)-298(germs)-297(of)-298(virtue)-297(in)-298(their)-297(grain.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-371(have)-371(taken)-371(the)-371(broad)-371(way)-371(almost)-371(necessarily,)-401(because)-371(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-431(broad.)-791(A)-431(general)-430(may)-431(punish)-431(individual)-430(soldiers,)-476(but)-430(you)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-359(pardon)-360(an)-359(army)-359(when)-359(it)-360(deserts)-359(the)-359(standards.)-578(The)-359(truly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wise,)-236(not)-232(knowing)-232(whether)-232(to)-232(laugh)-232(or)-232(weep,)-235(will)-232(look)-232(kindly)-232(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-332(erring)-331(masses,)-352(as)-332(sick)-331(men)-332(who)-332(need)-331(a)-332(physician.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.009 3.959 Td [(1764)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.836 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(beside)-307(the)-307(few)-307(truly)-308(wise,)-321(who)-307(can)-307(cast)-308(the)-307(first)-307(stone?)-421(We)-307(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all)-348(more)-347(or)-348(less)-347(bad,)-372(we)-348(have)-347(all)-348(gone)-347(astray.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.855 3.959 Td [(1765)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.357 -3.959 Td [(And)-347(yet)-348(we)]TJ -228.212 -13.549 Td [(constantly)-242(show)-242(the)-242(utmost)-242(severity)-241(to)-242(the)-242(faults)-242(of)-242(others,)-243(while)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-196(forget)-197(or)-196(ignore)-196(our)-196(own.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 122.49 3.959 Td [(1766)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.97 -3.959 Td [(Even)-196(as)-197(God)-196(is)-196(long-suffering)-196(to)]TJ -141.46 -13.549 Td [(transgressors,)-223(and)-217(sends)-216(His)-217(rain)-216(upon)-216(the)-217(evil)-216(and)-217(good)-216(alike,)-223(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-207(we)-207(be)-206(merciful)-207(in)-207(judgment)-206(and)-207(lavish)-207(in)-207(beneficence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1767)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-279(spectacle)-279(of)-278(universal)-279(greed)-279(and)-279(selfishness)-279(and)-278(ingratitude)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-410(not)-411(harden)-410(us)-411(against)-410(our)-411(fellows,)-450(but)-411(rather)-410(make)-410(us)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(turn)-261(our)-261(eyes)-261(to)-261(our)-261(own)-261(faults.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.363 3.959 Td [(1768)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.523 -3.959 Td [(Sometimes,)-264(indeed,)-263(the)-261(note)]TJ -156.886 -13.549 Td [(of)-367(humility)-367(is)-367(absent,)-396(and)-367(Seneca)-367(is)-367(the)-367(serene)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 215.416 0 Td [(sapiens)-367(contra)]TJ -215.416 -13.549 Td [(mundum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.571 0 Td [(,)-341(or)-322(the)-323(proud)-323(Roman)-322(gentleman)-323(who)-322(will)-323(not)-322(demean)]TJ -37.571 -13.55 Td [(himself)-425(to)-424(resent)-425(or)-425(even)-424(notice)-425(the)-425(insults)-424(or)-425(injuries)-425(of)-424(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiteful)-331(crowd.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.325 3.959 Td [(1769)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.81 -3.959 Td [(They)-331(will)-331(pass)-330(him)-331(by)-331(as)-331(the)-331(licensed)-330(jests)]TJ -88.135 -13.549 Td [(of)-391(the)-392(slaves)-391(on)-391(the)-392(Saturnalia.)-674(He)-391(reminds)-391(himself)-392(that)-391(it)-391(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-325(lower)-326(air)-325(which)-325(is)-326(turbid)-325(with)-325(storm)-326(and)-325(thunder;)-363(the)-325(ether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-306(spreads)-307(around)-306(the)-307(stars)-306(is)-307(never)-306(vexed)-307(and)-306(darkened)-306(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-280(tempest.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.052 3.959 Td [(1770)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.149 -3.959 Td [(This)-280(is)-280(one)-280(of)-280(the)-280(recurring)-280(contrasts)-280(in)-280(Seneca)]TJ -73.201 -13.549 Td [(between)-371(the)-371(moral)-371(tone)-371(of)-371(the)-371(old)-371(world)-371(and)-371(that)-371(of)-371(the)-370(great)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.643 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.831 Td [(1763)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(8)-250(and)-250(9;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.6 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(90,)-250(\247)-250(9)-250(sqq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(N.)-250(Quaest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.348 0 Td [(v.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -168.369 -7.311 Td [(1764)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(10,)-250(\247\247)-250(6-8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1765)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(i.)-250(6,)-250(\247)-250(3,)-250(peccavimus)-250(omnes.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.802 -7.311 Td [(1766)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(28,)-250(\247)-250(8,)-250(aliena)-250(vitia)-250(in)-250(oculis)-250(habemus,)-250(a)-250(tergo)-250(nostra)-250(sunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -38.348 -7.31 Td [(1767)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(iv.)-250(4)-250(and)-250(5;)-250(iv.)-250(28;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.75 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -137.22 -7.311 Td [(1768)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(28.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -38.348 -7.31 Td [(1769)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.263 0 Td [(iii.)-354(5,)-293(ingens)-285(animus)-284(et)-285(verus)-285(aestimator)-284(sui)-285(non)-285(vindicat)-284(injuriam)-285(quia)]TJ -24.218 -10.959 Td [(non)-250(sentit....)-250(Ultio)-250(doloris)-250(confessio)-250(est.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1770)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(6.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1810 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1811 0 R /Resources 1809 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1812 0 R >> endobj 1809 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1815 0 obj << /Length 6545 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(398)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(movement)-237(which)-237(was)-237(setting)-237(in.)-246(But)-237(the)-237(new)-237(prevails)-237(in)-236(the)-237(end.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-274(conception)-273(of)-274(God)-273(as)-274(col)1(d)-274(reason)-273(or)-274(impersonal)-273(law)-274(or)-273(fate)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([328])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(gives)-206(way)-207(to)-206(the)-207(thought)-206(of)-207(a)-206(God)-207(who)-206(guides)-207(by)-206(His)-206(providence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-307(embraces)-308(all)-307(by)-308(His)-307(love,)-322(whose)-307(goodness)-308(is)-307(as)-307(boundless)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-364(His)-364(power,)-392(who)-364(is)-364(best)-364(worshipped)-364(by)-364(the)-364(imitation)-364(of)-363(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(goodness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.331 3.959 Td [(1771)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.726 -3.959 Td [(As)-267(the)-267(vision)-267(grows,)-272(the)-267(pride)-267(of)-267(the)-267(invulnerable)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -63.057 -13.549 Td [(sapiens)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.728 0 Td [(,)-437(who)-399(might)-400(make)-399(himself)-400(the)-399(equal)-400(or)-399(more)-400(than)-399(the)]TJ -32.728 -13.549 Td [(equal)-270(of)-269(God,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.11 3.959 Td [(1772)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.433 -3.959 Td [(shrinks)-270(and)-269(is)-270(abased.)-308(We)-270(are)-269(all)-270(more)-269(or)-270(less)]TJ -79.543 -13.549 Td [(bad,)-213(and)-203(we)-203(should)-204(be)-203(gentle)-204(to)-203(one)-203(another.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 190.542 3.958 Td [(1773)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.996 -3.958 Td [(Do)-203(we)-204(complain)]TJ -209.538 -13.55 Td [(of)-297(coldness)-296(and)-297(ingratitude?)-390(Let)-297(us)-297(think)-296(how)-297(many)-297(a)-296(kindness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(done)-375(to)-375(us)-375(in)-375(early)-375(days,)-407(the)-375(tenderness)-375(of)-375(a)-375(nurse,)-406(a)-375(friend)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(wise)-260(counsel)-261(or)-260(help)-261(in)-260(critical)-261(times,)-263(we)-260(have)-261(carelessly)-260(let)-260(slip)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-402(memory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.675 3.959 Td [(1774)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.124 -3.959 Td [(The)-401(faults)-402(which)-402(irritate)-401(us)-402(in)-401(another)-402(are)]TJ -88.799 -13.549 Td [(often)-301(lurking)-301(in)-301(ourselves.)-403(Forgive)-301(if)-301(you)-301(wish)-301(for)-300(forgiveness;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conquer)-201(evil)-201(with)-201(good;)-217(do)-201(good)-201(even)-201(to)-201(those)-201(who)-201(have)-201(wrought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(you)-359(evil.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.369 3.959 Td [(1775)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.726 -3.959 Td [(Let)-359(us)-359(copy)-358(the)-359(serene)-359(example)-359(of)-359(those)-358(Eternal)]TJ -62.095 -13.549 Td [(Powers)-303(who)-303(constantly)-303(load)-303(with)-303(their)-303(benefits)-303(even)-303(those)-303(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doubt)-377(of)-377(their)-377(existence,)-408(and)-377(bear)-377(with)-377(unruffled)-377(kindness)-376(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(errors)-250(of)-250(frail)-250(souls)-250(that)-250(stumble)-250(by)-250(the)-250(way.)]TJ 11.955 -15.509 Td [(And)-200(as)-201(we)-200(shall)-201(not)-200(be)-201(harsh)-200(to)-200(those)-201(of)-200(our)-201(own)-200(external)-201(rank,)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(so)-253(shall)-253(we)-253(soften)-253(the)-253(lot)-253(of)-253(those)-253(whom)-253(fortune)-253(has)-253(condemned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-308(slavery.)-424(Even)-307(the)-308(slave)-308(is)-308(admitted)-308(to)-308(that)-308(great)-308(city)-308(of)-307(gods)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-314(men,)-331(which)-314(has)-314(no)-315(frontiers,)-330(which)-314(embraces)-315(all)-314(races)-314(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ranks,)-356(where)-335(all)-335(ranks)-334(should)-335(be)-335(levelled)-335(by)-335(the)-334(consciousness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-439(a)-439(common)-439(Divine)-439(descent)-439(and)-439(a)-439(universal)-439(brotherhood)-439(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.513 3.959 Td [(1776)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.603 -3.959 Td [(The)-355(conquests)-355(of)-355(Macedon)-355(and)-355(Rome,)-381(overthrowing)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.322 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.51 Td [(1771)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.604 0 Td [(65,)-272(\247)-268(24;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.473 0 Td [(Ad)-268(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.934 0 Td [(viii.)-303(\247)-268(3;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.264 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.604 0 Td [(41,)-272(\247)-268(2;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.99 0 Td [(De)-268(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.442 0 Td [(iv.)-303(4)-268(and)-268(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.627 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.604 0 Td [(10,)-272(\247)]TJ -262.498 -10.959 Td [(5,)-238(sic)-236(vive)-235(tamquam)-236(deus)-235(videat;)-241(Siedler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 148.862 0 Td [(De)-235(Sen.)-246(Phil.)-245(Mor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.134 0 Td [(p.)-245(14;)-240(Burgmann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -217.996 -10.959 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(Theologie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.595 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -72.713 -7.311 Td [(1772)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.61 0 Td [(vi.)-250(\247)-250(6,)-250(hoc)-250(est)-250(quo)-250(deum)-250(antecedatis.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.305 -7.311 Td [(1773)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(26;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.145 0 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(i.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.615 -7.31 Td [(1774)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(vii.)-250(28,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.817 -7.394 Td [(1775)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(26;)-250(ii.)-250(28;)-250(ii.)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -38.348 -7.311 Td [(1776)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-307(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.136 0 Td [(iii.)-420(28,)-320(unus)-307(omnium)-307(parens)-306(mundus)-307(est.)-419(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 168.128 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.952 0 Td [(47;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.461 0 Td [(De)-307(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.161 0 Td [(,)-321(iii.)]TJ -265.793 -10.959 Td [(24;)-250(iii.)-250(35;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.362 0 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(i.)-250(18.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1814 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1815 0 R /Resources 1813 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1812 0 R >> endobj 1816 0 obj << /D [1814 0 R /XYZ 345.75 504.626 null] >> endobj 1813 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1819 0 obj << /Length 5805 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(399)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(all)-443(old-world)-443(national)-443(barriers,)-492(had)-443(prepared)-443(the)-443(way)-443(for)-443(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greatest)-359(and)-359(most)-358(fruitful)-359(triumph)-359(of)-358(ancient)-359(philosophy.)-576(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-281(Stoic)-281(school)-281(has)-281(the)-281(glory)-281(of)-281(anticipating)-281(the)-281(diviner)-281(dream,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-384(far)-383(from)-384(realised,)-416(of)-384(a)-383(human)-384(brotherhood)-383(under)-384(the)-383(light)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-296(the)-296(Cross.)-388(Seneca)-296(has)-297(never)-296(risen)-296(higher,)-307(or)-296(swept)-296(farther)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-423(the)-423(future)-423(than)-423(in)-423(his)-423(treatment)-423(of)-423(slavery.)-769(He)-423(is)-423(far)-423(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(advance)-400(of)-399(many)-400(a)-399(bishop)-400(or)-400(abbot)-399(or)-400(Christian)-399(baron)-400(of)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(middle)-363(age.)-588(Can)-363(a)-363(slave)-363(confer)-362(a)-363(benefit?)-589(he)-362(asks.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 233.208 3.959 Td [(1777)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.857 -3.959 Td [(Is)-363(his)]TJ -256.065 -13.549 Td [(service,)-271(however)-267(lavish,)-271(not)-266(merely)-267(a)-267(duty)-266(to)-267(his)-267(lord,)-271(which,)-270(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-340(springs)-340(from)-340(constraint,)-363(is)-339(undeserving)-340(of)-340(gratitude?)-520(Seneca)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([329])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(repudiates)-414(the)-415(base)-414(suggestion)-415(with)-414(genuine)-415(warmth.)-743(On)-414(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-248(principle)-248(a)-248(subject)-248(cannot)-248(confer)-248(a)-248(benefit)-248(on)-248(his)-248(monarch,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-332(simple)-331(soldier)-332(on)-331(his)-332(general.)-495(There)-331(is)-332(a)-331(limit)-332(beyond)-331(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-454(cannot)-453(command)-454(obedience.)-861(There)-454(is)-453(a)-454(line)-453(between)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cringing)-313(compliance)-312(and)-313(generous)-313(self-sacrifice.)-438(And)-313(the)-312(slave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-224(often)-223(passed)-224(that)-224(limit.)-241(He)-224(has)-224(often)-223(borne)-224(wounds)-224(and)-223(death)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-217(save)-216(his)-217(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.779 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-217(life)-216(in)-217(battle.)-239(He)-217(has)-216(often,)-224(in)-216(the)-217(years)-217(of)-216(the)]TJ -80.412 -13.549 Td [(terror,)-386(endured)-360(the)-359(last)-359(extremity)-359(of)-359(torture,)-386(rather)-359(than)-359(betray)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-252(secrets.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.888 3.958 Td [(1778)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.221 -3.958 Td [(The)-252(body)-251(of)-252(the)-252(slave)-251(is)-252(his)-252(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.929 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s;)-253(his)-251(mind)-252(is)]TJ -222.671 -13.55 Td [(his)-255(own.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.026 3.959 Td [(1779)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.328 -3.959 Td [(It)-255(cannot)-255(be)-255(bought)-255(and)-255(sold.)-265(And)-255(in)-255(his)-255(inner)-255(soul,)]TJ -56.354 -13.549 Td [(the)-260(slave)-261(is)-260(his)-261(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.206 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-261(equal.)-281(He)-260(is)-261(capable)-260(of)-261(equal)-260(virtue)-261(and)]TJ -99.838 -13.549 Td [(equal)-297(culture;)-320(nay,)-309(in)-297(both)-297(he)-297(may)-297(be)-297(his)-297(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 214.055 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-297(superior.)-391(He)]TJ -217.687 -13.549 Td [(can)-255(confer)-256(a)-255(benefit)-256(if)-255(he)-256(can)-255(suffer)-256(injury)-255(in)-256(the)-255(outrages)-255(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cruelty)-385(and)-385(lust)-384(inflict)-385(upon)-385(him.)-654(When)-385(he)-385(confers)-385(a)-384(benefit,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(he)-322(confers)-322(it)-321(as)-322(man)-322(upon)-322(man,)-340(as)-321(an)-322(equal)-322(in)-322(the)-322(great)-321(family)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whose)-250(Father)-250(is)-250(God.)]TJ 11.956 -15.938 Td [(Seneca)-234(gives)-235(a)-234(lurid)-234(picture)-235(of)-234(the)-234(corruption)-235(of)-234(women)-234(in)-234(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(general)-324(licence)-323(of)-324(his)-323(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.806 3.959 Td [(1780)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.572 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-324(he)-323(has)-324(a)-323(lofty)-324(ideal)-323(of)-324(what)]TJ -138.378 -13.549 Td [(women)-386(might)-387(become.)-659(Like)-386(other)-386(Stoic)-386(preachers,)-421(it)-386(was)-386(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(good)-231(fortune)-231(to)-231(be)-232(surrounded)-231(by)-231(good)-231(women)-231(from)-231(his)-231(infancy.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.31 Td [(1777)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(iii.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.817 -7.311 Td [(1778)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(iii.)-250(19)-250(and)-250(26;)-250(cf.)-250(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 95.877 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.943 0 Td [(i.)-250(11,)-250(\247)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -157.637 -7.31 Td [(1779)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(iii.)-250(20,)-250(interior)-250(illa)-250(pars)-250(mancipio)-250(dari)-250(non)-250(potest.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.817 -7.311 Td [(1780)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(\247)-250(3;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.884 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(95,)-250(\247)-250(21,)-250(libidine)-250(vero)-250(ne)-250(maribus)-250(quidem)-250(cedunt.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1818 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1819 0 R /Resources 1817 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1812 0 R >> endobj 1820 0 obj << /D [1818 0 R /XYZ 91.771 396.232 null] >> endobj 1817 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1823 0 obj << /Length 5904 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(400)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(He)-261(remembers)-260(the)-261(tenderness)-260(of)-261(his)-260(aunt,)-263(in)-261(whose)-260(arms)-261(he)-260(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(entered)-245(Rome)-245(as)-245(a)-244(child,)-246(who)-245(nursed)-245(him)-245(through)-245(long)-244(sickness,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-288(broke)-288(through)-287(her)-288(reserve)-288(to)-288(help)-288(him)-287(in)-288(his)-288(early)-288(career)-287(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambition.)-568(Her)-356(blameless)-356(character)-356(escaped)-356(even)-356(the)-356(petulance)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-431(Alexandrian)-432(gossip.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.033 3.959 Td [(1781)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.1 -3.959 Td [(His)-431(letters)-432(to)-431(his)-431(mother,)-477(Helvia,)]TJ -128.133 -13.549 Td [(reveal)-338(a)-339(matron)-338(of)-338(the)-339(best)-338(Roman)-338(type)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 178.528 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(strong,)-360(self-denying,)]TJ -189.437 -13.549 Td [(proud)-376(of)-375(her)-376(motherhood,)-406(and)-376(despising)-375(the)-376(extravagance)-375(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ostentation)-332(of)-331(her)-332(class.)-495(In)-332(spite)-332(of)-332(her)-331(father)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.719 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-332(limited)-331(idea)-332(of)]TJ -207.352 -13.549 Td [(female)-342(culture,)-364(she)-341(had)-342(educated)-342(herself)-341(in)-342(liberal)-341(studies,)-364(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(found)-396(them)-396(a)-396(refuge)-396(in)-396(affliction.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.78 3.959 Td [(1782)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.943 -3.959 Td [(Marcia)-396(was)-396(of)-396(a)-396(softer)]TJ -176.723 -13.549 Td [(type,)-421(and)-387(gave)-387(way)-387(to)-387(excessive)-387(grief)-387(for)-387(a)-387(lost)-387(child.)-661(Yet)-386(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-394(to)-395(her)-394(that)-394(Seneca)-395(unfolds)-394(most)-394(fully)-395(his)-394(ideal)-394(of)-394(feminine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character.)-412(He)-304(will)-303(not)-304(admit)-304(the)-304(inferior)-304(aptitude)-304(of)-304(women)-303(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtue)-361(and)-362(culture.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.107 3.958 Td [(1783)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.807 -3.958 Td [(Women)-361(have)-362(the)-361(same)-361(inner)-361(force,)-389(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -177.67 0 Td [([330])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(same)-194(capacity)-194(for)-195(nobleness)-194(as)-194(men.)-232(The)-194(husband)-194(of)-194(Paulina)-194(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surrounded)-219(him)-219(with)-219(affectionate)-219(sympathy,)-225(and)-219(was)-219(prepared)-218(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(die)-209(along)-210(with)-209(him,)-218(the)-209(man)-209(who)-210(had)-209(witnessed)-210(the)-209(stern)-209(courage)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-405(loving)-405(devotion)-404(of)-405(the)-405(wives)-405(of)-404(the)-405(Stoic)-405(martyrs,)-443(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(well)-396(have)-396(a)-396(lofty)-396(ideal)-395(of)-396(woman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 153.156 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-396(character.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.26 3.958 Td [(1784)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.94 -3.958 Td [(But)-396(to)-396(any)]TJ -231.989 -13.55 Td [(true)-278(disciple)-279(of)-278(the)-278(Porch)-279(that)-278(ideal)-279(had)-278(a)-278(surer)-279(ground)-278(than)-278(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personal)-344(experience,)-368(however)-345(happy.)-532(The)-345(creed)-344(which)-344(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(held)-268(was)-269(at)-268(once)-269(a)-268(levelling)-269(and)-268(an)-269(elevating)-268(creed.)-306(It)-268(found)-268(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-330(nobility)-331(or)-330(claim)-330(to)-331(rank)-330(in)-331(higher)-330(capacity)-330(for)-331(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1785)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-412(embraced)-412(in)-412(the)-413(arms)-412(of)-412(its)-412(equal)-412(charity)-412(all)-412(human)-412(souls,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(bond)-287(or)-287(free,)-296(male)-287(or)-287(female,)-296(however)-287(they)-287(might)-287(be)-287(graded)-287(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(convention)-304(or)-303(accident,)-317(who)-303(have)-304(a)-304(divine)-303(parentage,)-317(and)-303(may,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-250(they)-250(will,)-250(have)-250(a)-250(lofty,)-250(perhaps)-250(an)-250(eternal)-250(future.)]TJ 11.955 -18.054 Td [(And)-259(now,)-262(in)-259(taking)-259(leave)-259(of)-259(Seneca,)-262(let)-259(us)-259(forget)-259(the)-260(fawning)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.472 Td [(1781)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-326(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.981 0 Td [(xix.)-478(\247)-327(2,)-345(\247)-326(6;)-364(Marcia)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 78.261 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-326(husband,)-345(probably)-327(Vitrasius)-326(Pollio,)-345(was)]TJ -128.184 -10.959 Td [(governor)-250(of)-250(Egypt.)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 67.983 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(Teuffel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.871 0 Td [(R.)-250(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(\247)-250(282,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -134.975 -7.31 Td [(1782)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(xv.-xvii.)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.31 -7.311 Td [(1783)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(par)-250(illis,)-250(mihi)-250(crede,)-250(vigor,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.802 -7.311 Td [(1784)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(63,)-250(64;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.533 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(104,)-250(\247\247)-250(1-6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -124.524 -7.394 Td [(1785)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(iii.)-250(28;)-250(iii.)-250(20.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1822 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1823 0 R /Resources 1821 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1812 0 R >> endobj 1824 0 obj << /D [1822 0 R /XYZ 198.457 342.036 null] >> endobj 1821 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1827 0 obj << /Length 5750 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(401)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(exile)-399(in)-398(Corsica,)-436(the)-399(possible)-398(lover)-399(of)-398(Julia)-399(or)-399(Agrippina,)-435(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(millionaire)-347(minister)-346(of)-347(Nero,)-371(who)-347(was)-346(surrounded)-347(by)-347(a)-346(luxury)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-400(state)-401(which)-400(moved)-401(the)-400(envy)-400(of)-401(the)-400(tyrant.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.183 3.959 Td [(1786)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.087 -3.959 Td [(Rather)-400(let)]TJ -236.27 -13.549 Td [(us)-317(think)-317(of)-317(the)-317(ascetic)-317(from)-317(his)-318(early)-317(youth,)-333(who,)-334(raised)-317(by)-317(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(talents)-275(to)-275(the)-275(highest)-275(place,)-281(had)-275(to)-275(reconcile)-275(an)-275(impossible)-274(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-410(the)-409(sordid)-410(or)-410(terrible)-409(realities)-410(of)-410(that)-409(rank)-410(which)-410(was)-409(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-331(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.652 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(pinnacle)-331(and)-330(a)-331(precipice.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.082 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1787)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.044 -3.959 Td [(He)-330(was)-331(continually)-330(torn)]TJ -173.465 -13.549 Td [(by)-455(the)-455(contrast)-456(between)-455(the)-455(ideal)-455(of)-456(a)-455(lofty)-455(Stoic)-455(creed)-455(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-362(facts)-361(of)-362(human)-362(life)-361(around)-362(him,)-390(between)-361(his)-362(own)-361(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cravings)-229(and)-229(the)-229(temptations)-229(or)-229(the)-229(necessities)-229(of)-229(the)-228(opportunist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(statesman.)-243(He)-230(was)-230(imbued)-230(with)-229(principles)-230(of)-230(life)-230(which)-230(could)-229(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fully)-287(realised)-286(only)-287(in)-286(some)-287(Platonic)-286(Utopia;)-305(he)-287(had)-286(to)-287(deal)-286(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-356(as)-355(they)-355(were)-356(in)-355(the)-356(reign)-355(of)-356(Nero,)-382(as)-355(they)-356(are)-355(painted)-355(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus)-194(and)-194(Petronius.)-232(If)-194(he)-194(failed)-194(in)-194(the)-194(impossible)-194(task)-194(of)-194(such)-194(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reconciliation,)-197(let)-183(us)-184(do)-184(him)-183(the)-184(justice)-183(of)-184(recognising)-183(that)-184(he)-183(kept)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-220(vision)-220(clear,)-226(and)-220(that)-220(he)-220(has)-220(expounded)-220(a)-220(gospel)-220(of)-220(the)-219(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life,)-209(which,)-209(with)-199(all)-198(its)-199(limitations)-198(from)-199(temperament)-199(or)-198(tradition,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-242(be)-242(true)-241(for)-242(our)-242(remotest)-242(posterity,)-243(that)-242(he)-241(had)-242(a)-242(vision)-242(of)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(City)-212(of)-213(God.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.031 3.959 Td [(1788)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.029 -3.959 Td [(He)-212(was)-213(not)-212(personally)-213(perhaps)-212(so)-212(pure)-213(and)-212(clear)]TJ -73.06 -13.549 Td [(a)-289(soul)-288(as)-289(Plutarch)-289(or)-289(Aristides)-288(or)-289(Dion)-289(Chrysostom.)-366(But)-289(he)-288(had)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([331])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(utterly)-390(cast)-390(off)-389(that)-390(heathen)-390(anthropomorphism)-390(which)-389(crossed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-414(disturbed)-413(their)-414(highest)-414(visions)-413(of)-414(the)-414(Divine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.214 3.959 Td [(1789)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.522 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)]TJ -249.736 -13.549 Td [(is)-329(far)-329(more)-329(modern)-330(and)-329(advanced)-329(than)-329(even)-329(the)-329(greatest)-329(of)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Neo-Platonic)-329(school,)-348(just)-329(because)-328(he)-329(saw)-329(that)-328(the)-329(old)-328(theology)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-378(hopelessly)-378(effete.)-634(He)-378(could)-378(never)-378(have)-378(joined)-378(in)-378(the)-377(last)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(struggle)-331(of)-331(philosophic)-331(paganism)-332(with)-331(the)-331(Church.)-493(And)-331(so)-331(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Church)-275(almost)-275(claimed)-276(him)-275(as)-275(her)-275(son,)-282(while)-275(it)-275(never)-275(dreamt)-275(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-250(affinity)-250(with)-250(Plutarch)-250(or)-250(Plotinus.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.228 Td [(1786)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.605 0 Td [(xii.)-250(xiii.)-250(\247)-250(4;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxi.)-250(10;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 124.292 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -195.52 -7.311 Td [(1787)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(94,)-250(\247)-250(73,)-250(quae)-250(aliis)-250(excelsa)-250(videntur,)-250(ipsis)-250(praerupta)-250(sunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.14 -7.311 Td [(1788)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Otio)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.638 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)-250(duas)-250(respublicas)-250(animo)-250(complectamur,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -43.333 -7.31 Td [(1789)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.052 0 Td [(Frag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.789 0 Td [(ap.)-375(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.108 0 Td [(De)-292(Civ.)-374(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.074 0 Td [(,)-302(vi.)-375(10;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.788 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.817 0 Td [(41,)-302(\247)-292(1,)-302(non)-291(sunt)-292(ad)-291(caelum)]TJ -179.583 -10.959 Td [(elevandae)-385(manus,)-418(nec)-385(exorandus)-385(aedituus,)-418(ut)-385(nos)-385(ad)-384(aurem)-385(simulacri)-385(quasi)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(magis)-250(exaudiri)-250(possimus)-250(admittat.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1826 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1827 0 R /Resources 1825 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1812 0 R >> endobj 1828 0 obj << /D [1826 0 R /XYZ 311.649 260.74 null] >> endobj 1825 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1831 0 obj << /Length 6132 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(402)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Indeed,)-523(there)-469(needed)-469(only)-469(the)-468(change)-469(of)-469(some)-469(phrases)-468(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(reconcile)-373(the)-373(teaching)-373(of)-374(Seneca)-373(with)-373(that)-373(of)-373(the)-373(great)-373(ascetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christian)-306(doctors.)-417(Many)-306(of)-306(the)-306(headings)-306(of)-306(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 211.828 0 Td [(Imitation)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.34 0 Td [(might)]TJ -255.168 -13.549 Td [(be)-236(attached)-235(to)-236(paragraphs)-235(of)-236(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.826 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(of)-236(bearing)-235(with)-236(the)-235(faults)]TJ -171.579 -13.55 Td [(of)-376(others)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.848 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 7.818 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(of)-376(inordinate)-376(affections)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.536 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 7.818 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(of)-376(the)-376(love)-375(of)-376(solitude)]TJ -179.394 -13.549 Td [(and)-228(silence)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.534 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.6 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(of)-228(meditation)-228(on)-228(death)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.755 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.6 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(of)-228(humble)-228(submission)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.89 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -277.597 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(that)-451(to)-451(despise)-451(the)-451(world)-451(and)-451(serve)-452(God)-451(is)-451(sweet)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 229.709 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 9.05 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(of)-451(the)]TJ -253.291 -13.549 Td [(acknowledgment)-351(of)-350(our)-351(own)-350(infirmities,)-376(and)-351(the)-350(remembrance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-400(God)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.235 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-400(benefits)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.143 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 8.212 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(of)-400(the)-400(contempt)-400(of)-399(temporal)-400(honour)-400(and)]TJ -96.91 -13.55 Td [(vain)-325(secular)-325(knowledge)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.636 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 6.984 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(of)-325(the)-325(day)-324(of)-325(eternity)-325(and)-325(this)-325(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.447 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(straitness.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.331 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.711 0 Td [(In)-538(truth,)-610(the)-538(great)-537(spirits)-538(of)-538(all)-538(ages)-538(who)-538(have)]TJ -54.042 -13.549 Td [(had)-455(a)-456(genius)-455(for)-455(religion,)-507(after)-455(due)-456(allowance)-455(for)-455(difference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-571(association)-571(and)-571(difference)-571(of)-571(phrase,)-651(are)-571(strangely)-571(akin)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-426(harmonious.)-777(And)-426(Seneca)-425(had)-426(one)-426(great)-426(superiority)-425(over)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(other)-455(equally)-454(religious)-455(souls)-454(of)-455(his)-455(time,)-505(which)-455(enables)-454(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-390(approach)-390(mediaeval)-389(and)-390(modern)-390(religious)-390(thought)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 239.418 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(he)-390(had)]TJ -250.327 -13.549 Td [(broken)-326(absolutely)-326(with)-327(paganism.)-478(He)-327(started)-326(with)-326(belief)-326(in)-326(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-377(of)-378(the)-377(Stoic)-378(creed;)-441(he)-378(never)-377(mentions)-378(the)-377(Stoic)-377(theology)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-220(attempted)-220(to)-220(reconcile)-220(Him)-220(with)-220(the)-220(gods)-220(of)-220(the)-219(Pantheon.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(In)-401(spite)-402(of)-401(all)-402(his)-401(rhetoric,)-439(he)-402(tries)-401(to)-402(see)-401(the)-402(facts)-401(of)-401(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-426(and)-427(the)-426(relation)-426(of)-426(the)-427(human)-426(spirit)-426(to)-427(the)-426(Divine)-426(in)-426(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(light)-378(of)-378(reason,)-411(with)-378(no)-378(intervening)-378(veil)-378(of)-379(legend.)-634(God)-378(is)-378(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-389(the)-389(great)-389(Reality,)-424(however)-389(halting)-389(human)-388(speech)-389(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(describe)-337(Him,)-358(as)-336(Fate,)-359(or)-336(Law,)-358(or)-337(Eternal)-337(Reason,)-358(or)-336(watchful)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(loving)-397(Providence.)-690(God)-396(is)-397(within)-397(us,)-433(in)-397(whatever)-396(mysterious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(way,)-235(inspiring)-232(good)-231(resolves,)-236(giving)-231(strength)-232(in)-231(temptation,)-235(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all-seeing)-257(eye)-258(watching)-257(the)-257(issue)-258(of)-257(the)-258(struggle.)-272(God)-257(is)-257(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us,)-393(loading)-365(us)-364(with)-365(kindness)-365(even)-364(when)-365(we)-364(offend,)-393(chastising)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([332])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(us)-441(in)-442(mercy,)-489(the)-441(goal)-442(of)-441(all)-441(speculation,)-489(He)-442(from)-441(whom)-441(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proceed,)-348(to)-328(whom)-329(we)-328(go)-329(at)-328(death.)-485(The)-329(true)-328(worship)-329(of)-328(Him)-328(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-344(in)-345(formal)-344(prayer)-344(and)-345(sacrifice,)-368(but)-344(in)-344(striving)-345(to)-344(know)-344(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imitate)-240(His)-239(infinite)-240(goodness.)-247(We)-239(mortal)-240(men)-240(in)-239(our)-240(brief)-240(life)-239(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(earth)-297(may)-296(be)-297(citizens)-297(of)-296(two)-297(commonwealths,)-308(one)-297(the)-297(Rome)-296(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Corinth)-328(of)-327(our)-328(birth,)-346(the)-328(other)-327(that)-328(great)-327(city)-328(of)-327(gods)-328(and)-327(men,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1830 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1831 0 R /Resources 1829 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1812 0 R >> endobj 1832 0 obj << /D [1830 0 R /XYZ 226.17 152.347 null] >> endobj 1829 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1835 0 obj << /Length 5191 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(director)-13559(403)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-270(which)-270(all)-270(are)-270(equally)-270(united,)-275(male)-270(and)-270(female,)-275(bond)-270(and)-270(free,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-409(children)-409(of)-409(a)-410(common)-409(Father.)-727(In)-409(this)-409(ideal)-410(citizenship,)-448(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obedience)-300(to)-300(the)-300(law)-300(of)-300(the)-300(spiritual)-300(city,)-312(the)-300(eternal)-300(law)-300(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(makes)-293(for)-293(righteousness,)-303(man)-293(attains)-292(his)-293(true)-293(freedom)-293(and)-292(final)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(beatitude)-250(in)-250(communion)-250(with)-250(kindred)-250(souls.)]TJ 11.956 -14.225 Td [(Yet,)-332(as)-315(in)-316(mediaeval)-315(and)-316(puritan)-315(religious)-316(theory,)-332(there)-315(is)-315(in)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-326(a)-325(strange)-326(conflict)-326(between)-325(pessimism)-326(and)-326(idealism.)-476(To)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-242(doomed)-242(philosophic)-242(statesman)-242(of)-242(the)-243(reign)-242(of)-242(Nero,)-243(the)-242(days)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-216(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.226 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-216(life)-215(are)-216(few)-216(and)-215(evil.)-239(Life)-215(is)-216(but)-216(a)-215(moment)-216(in)-216(the)-215(tract)-216(of)]TJ -33.858 -13.55 Td [(infinite)-291(age,)-302(and)-291(so)-291(darkened)-291(by)-292(manifold)-291(sins)-291(and)-291(sorrows)-291(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-298(seems,)-309(as)-298(it)-297(did)-298(to)-298(Sophocles,)-309(a)-298(sinister)-297(gift.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 204.332 3.959 Td [(1790)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.725 -3.959 Td [(On)-298(the)-297(other)]TJ -225.057 -13.549 Td [(hand,)-268(its)-265(shortness)-264(is)-265(a)-265(matter)-264(of)-265(no)-264(importance;)-272(the)-265(shortest)-264(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-306(be)-306(full)-306(and)-306(glad)-306(if)-306(it)-306(be)-306(dignified)-306(by)-306(effort)-306(and)-306(resignation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-336(conformity)-336(to)-336(the)-336(great)-336(law)-336(of)-336(the)-336(universe.)-508(The)-336(wise)-336(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pious)-356(man,)-383(ever)-357(conscious)-356(of)-356(his)-357(brief)-356(time)-356(of)-357(probation,)-382(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brighten)-339(each)-339(passing)-339(day)-338(into)-339(a)-339(festival)-339(and)-339(lengthen)-339(it)-339(into)-338(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life.)-366(The)-288(shortness)-289(of)-288(a)-289(life)-288(is)-289(only)-288(an)-289(illusion,)-298(for)-288(long)-289(or)-288(short)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-332(no)-331(meaning)-332(when)-332(measured)-331(by)-332(the)-331(days)-332(of)-332(eternity.)-494(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(philosopher)-259(may)-259(unite)-259(many)-259(lives)-259(in)-259(one)-259(brief)-259(span.)-277(He)-258(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(join)-331(himself)-332(to)-331(a)-332(company)-331(of)-332(sages)-331(who)-332(add)-331(their)-332(years)-331(to)-331(his,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-343(counsel)-342(without)-343(bitterness,)-366(and)-342(praise)-343(without)-343(flattery;)-388(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-312(be)-312(adopted)-312(into)-311(a)-312(family)-312(whose)-312(wealth)-312(increases)-312(the)-311(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-355(is)-355(divided;)-408(in)-355(him)-355(all)-355(the)-356(ages)-355(may)-355(be)-355(combined)-355(in)-355(a)-355(single)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 17.269 3.958 Td [(1791)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.77 -3.958 Td [(To)-330(such)-329(a)-330(spirit)-329(death)-330(loses)-329(all)-330(its)-330(terrors.)-488(The)-330(eternal)]TJ -39.039 -13.55 Td [(mystery)-248(indeed)-247(can)-248(be)-247(pierced)-248(only)-247(by)-248(imaginative)-247(hope.)-249(Death,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-358(may)-358(be)-359(sure,)-385(however,)-385(can)-358(only)-358(be)-358(a)-359(change.)-574(It)-358(may)-358(be)-358(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passage)-355(into)-356(calm)-355(unconsciousness,)-382(as)-355(before)-355(our)-356(birth,)-381(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-376(release)-375(us)-376(from)-375(all)-376(the)-375(griefs)-376(and)-375(tumults)-376(of)-375(the)-376(life)-375(here)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(below.)-567(It)-356(may,)-382(on)-356(the)-356(other)-356(hand,)-382(prove)-355(to)-356(be)-356(the)-356(morning)-355(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(an)-362(eternal)-362(day,)-390(the)-362(entrance)-362(to)-362(a)-362(radiant)-362(and)-362(untroubled)-361(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-282(infinite)-282(possibilities.)-347(In)-282(any)-282(case,)-290(the)-282(spirit)-282(which)-282(has)-282(trained)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([333])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(itself)-225(in)-224(obedience)-225(to)-225(eternal)-225(law,)-229(will)-225(not)-225(tremble)-224(at)-225(a)-225(fate)-224(which)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.071 Td [(1790)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Polyb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.605 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.232 -7.311 Td [(1791)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Brev.)-250(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.055 0 Td [(xv.)-250(\247)-250(3)-250(sq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1834 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1835 0 R /Resources 1833 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1838 0 R >> endobj 1836 0 obj << /D [1834 0 R /XYZ 228.847 518.175 null] >> endobj 1837 0 obj << /D [1834 0 R /XYZ 279.487 111.023 null] >> endobj 1833 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1841 0 obj << /Length 687 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(404)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-448(surely)-449(reserved)-448(for)-448(the)-448(universe,)-498(by)-448(fire)-449(or)-448(flood)-448(or)-448(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cataclysmal)-306(change.)-418(The)-307(future)-306(in)-306(store)-306(for)-306(the)-306(soul)-306(is)-306(either)-306(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dwell)-344(for)-345(ever)-344(among)-344(things)-344(divine,)-368(or)-344(to)-345(sink)-344(back)-344(again)-344(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(general)-250(soul,)-250(and)-250(God)-250(shall)-250(be)-250(all)-250(in)-250(all.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1840 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1841 0 R /Resources 1839 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1838 0 R >> endobj 1839 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1842 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index13) >> endobj 1845 0 obj (II. The philosophic missionary) endobj 1848 0 obj << /Length 4636 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([334])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf -194.115 -33.454 Td [(CHAPTER)-279(II)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -56.475 -50.566 Td [(THE)-262(PHILOSOPHIC)-262(MISSIONARY)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -40.434 -29.234 Td [(The)-359(gospel)-359(of)-359(philosophy)-358(expounded)-359(by)-359(Seneca)-359(was)-359(rather)-358(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(esoteric)-307(or)-308(aristocratic)-307(creed.)-422(With)-308(all)-307(his)-307(liberal)-308(sentiment,)-321(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cosmopolitanism,)-452(his)-412(clear)-411(conception)-412(of)-411(human)-412(equality)-411(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brotherhood,)-415(Seneca)-382(always)-383(remains)-382(the)-382(director)-382(of)-382(souls)-382(like)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-335(own,)-357(enervated)-335(by)-335(wealth,)-357(tortured)-335(with)-336(the)-335(ennui)-335(of)-335(jaded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sensibility,)-507(haunted)-456(by)-456(the)-456(terror)-456(of)-456(the)-456(Caesars.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.042 3.959 Td [(1792)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.905 -3.959 Td [(Indeed)]TJ -250.947 -13.549 Td [(Stoicism)-482(was)-483(always)-482(rather)-483(a)-482(creed)-482(for)-483(the)-482(cultivated)-482(upper)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class)-362(than)-361(for)-362(the)-361(crowd.)-585(In)-362(its)-361(prime,)-390(its)-361(apparatus)-362(of)-361(logical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(formulae,)-367(its)-343(elaborate)-343(physics)-343(and)-344(metaphysics,)-366(its)-343(essentially)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(intellectual)-402(solution)-401(of)-402(the)-402(problems)-402(both)-401(of)-402(the)-402(universe)-401(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-329(life,)-348(necessarily)-329(disabled)-329(it)-328(from)-329(ever)-329(developing)-329(into)-328(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popular)-359(system.)-578(And)-359(in)-360(the)-359(later)-359(days)-359(of)-360(the)-359(Republic,)-386(theory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(became)-483(more)-483(important)-483(than)-484(practice,)-541(and)-483(logic)-483(passed)-483(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(casuistry.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.509 3.958 Td [(1793)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.307 -3.958 Td [(But)-254(in)-255(the)-254(first)-254(century,)-255(Stoicism)-255(came)-254(to)-254(be)-255(much)]TJ -60.816 -13.55 Td [(more)-294(a)-295(religion)-294(than)-295(a)-294(philosophy,)-306(or)-294(even)-294(a)-295(theology.)-383(Its)-294(main)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(business,)-244(as)-243(conceived)-243(by)-242(men)-243(like)-243(Seneca,)-244(is)-242(to)-243(save)-243(souls)-242(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-209(universal)-208(shipwreck)-209(of)-209(character)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.325 3.959 Td [(1794)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.715 -3.959 Td [(caused)-209(by)-208(the)-209(capricious)]TJ -175.04 -13.549 Td [(excesses)-495(of)-494(luxury,)-556(the)-494(idolatry)-495(of)-494(the)-495(world)-494(and)-495(the)-494(flesh,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-284(sprang)-284(from)-284(a)-284(riotous)-284(pride)-284(in)-284(the)-284(material)-284(advantages)-284(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-191(power,)-204(without)-191(a)-191(sobering)-192(sense)-191(of)-192(duty)-191(or)-192(a)-191(moral)-191(ideal.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 131.879 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.067 Td [(1792)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.791 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.021 0 Td [(77,)-212(\247)-203(6,)-212(cogita)-203(quamdiu)-202(jam)-203(idem)-203(facias:)-226(cibus,)-212(somnus,)-212(libido;)-219(per)]TJ -43.767 -10.959 Td [(hunc)-209(circulum)-209(curritur;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.435 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.078 0 Td [(24,)-217(\247)-209(25,)-218(quosdam)-209(subit)-209(eadem)-209(faciendi)-209(videndique)]TJ -98.513 -10.959 Td [(satietas;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.309 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.564 0 Td [(89,)-267(\247)-263(21;)-270(95,)-266(\247)-264(20;)-269(13,)-267(\247)-263(4;)-270(24,)-267(\247\247)-263(11-14;)-270(91,)-267(\247)-263(5,)-266(6;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 188.189 0 Td [(De)-263(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.34 0 Td [(ii.)]TJ -273.403 -10.959 Td [(\247)-250(13;)-250(x.)-250(\247)-250(5,)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1793)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(pp.)-250(46,)-250(47;)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.91 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(88,)-250(\247)-250(20;)-250(117,)-250(\247)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -208.951 -7.311 Td [(1794)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(48,)-250(\247)-250(8,)-250(omnes)-250(undique)-250(ad)-250(te)-250(manus)-250(tendunt,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1847 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1848 0 R /Resources 1846 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1838 0 R >> endobj 109 0 obj << /D [1847 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 1843 0 obj << /D [1847 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 1846 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1852 0 obj << /Length 7706 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(406)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(But,)-399(in)-369(the)-368(nature)-369(of)-369(things,)-399(this)-369(wreck)-369(of)-369(character)-369(was)-368(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glaringly)-351(seen)-350(among)-351(the)-351(men)-350(who)-351(were)-351(in)-350(close)-351(contact)-350(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-244(half)-243(insane)-244(masters)-243(of)-244(the)-243(world)-244(in)-243(the)-244(first)-243(century,)-245(and)-243(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possessed)-217(the)-216(resources)-217(to)-217(exhaust)-217(the)-216(possibilities)-217(of)-217(pleasure)-216(or)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([335])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(the)-267(capacities)-267(of)-267(the)-267(senses)-267(to)-267(enjoy.)-301(It)-267(is)-267(to)-267(people)-267(of)-267(this)-267(class,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-368(still)-369(retained)-368(some)-368(lingering)-369(instincts)-368(of)-369(goodness,)-397(weary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-323(indulgence,)-341(bewildered)-323(and)-322(tortured)-323(by)-323(the)-323(conflict)-323(of)-322(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lower)-330(nature)-330(with)-329(the)-330(weak,)-350(but)-330(stil)1(l)-330(disturbing,)-350(protests)-330(of)-329(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(higher,)-250(that)-250(Seneca)-250(addresses)-250(his)-250(counsels.)]TJ 11.956 -18.33 Td [(But)-513(what)-513(of)-513(the)-514(great)-513(masses)-513(lying)-513(outside)-513(the)-513(circle)-513(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(cultivated)-442(and)-442(exhausted)-443(self-indulgence,)-490(that)-442(plebeian)-442(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-390(which)-389(we)-390(have)-389(seen)-390(the)-389(picture)-390(in)-389(their)-390(municipalities)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colleges?)-667(It)-389(is)-389(clear)-389(from)-389(the)-389(records)-389(of)-389(their)-389(daily)-389(life,)-423(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ambitions,)-403(their)-372(tasks)-373(and)-372(amusements,)-403(that,)-403(although)-372(perhaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-408(generally)-408(tainted)-408(with)-408(such)-408(deep)-408(corruption)-408(as)-408(the)-408(nobles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-449(the)-449(Neronian)-449(age,)-499(their)-449(moral)-449(tone)-449(and)-448(aspirations)-449(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(correspond)-296(to)-296(the)-296(material)-297(splendour)-296(of)-296(the)-296(Empire.)-388(Even)-296(apart)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-201(the)-201(glimpses)-202(of)-201(low)-201(life)-201(in)-201(Petronius,)-211(Martial,)-211(and)-201(Apuleius,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(apart)-269(from)-268(the)-269(revelations)-268(of)-269(Pompeii,)-273(and)-268(the)-269(ghastly)-268(traditions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-358(haunt)-359(the)-358(ruins)-359(of)-358(countless)-359(theatres)-358(and)-358(amphitheatres,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-245(warnings)-245(of)-245(preachers)-245(of)-245(that)-245(age,)-246(such)-245(as)-245(Dion)-245(Chrysostom,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-248(the)-247(reflections)-248(of)-248(the)-247(infinitely)-248(charitable)-248(M.)-247(Aurelius,)-248(leave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-451(very)-452(favourable)-451(impression)-451(of)-451(the)-452(moral)-451(condition)-451(of)-451(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(masses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.633 3.959 Td [(1795)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.904 -3.959 Td [(How)-456(could)-456(it)-456(be)-455(otherwise?)-868(The)-456(old)-456(paganism)]TJ -59.537 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(Rome)-335(did)-334(indeed)-334(foster)-334(certain)-335(ancestral)-334(pieties)-334(which)-334(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-322(salt)-323(of)-322(the)-322(Roman)-322(character.)-467(But)-323(it)-322(unfortunately)-322(also)-322(gave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-480(sanction)-481(to)-480(scenes)-480(of)-481(lust)-480(and)-480(cruelty)-481(which)-480(went)-480(far)-480(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(counteract)-224(in)-223(later)-223(times)-224(any)-223(good)-224(it)-223(did.)-242(Nor)-223(had)-223(the)-224(old)-223(religion)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 131.642 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 124.746 Td [(1795)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-447(Aurel.)-840(ix.)-840(34;)-545(v.)-840(33,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 107.411 0 Td [(\263\305\274\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.184 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.712 0 Td [(\275\314\274\271\266\265)-447(\262\273\255\300\265\271\275)-446(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 64.319 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.712 0 Td [(\310\305\307\254\301\271\261)-447(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.871 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\304\265)-316(\264\277\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.255 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\271)-316(\262\273\254\300\304\265\271\275)-317(\310\255\263\277\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 83.089 0 Td [(")-316(`)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.9 0 Td [(\306\265\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.986 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.381 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\276\305\274\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.317 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.826 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.077 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\303\267)-316(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.375 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\267\303\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.369 0 Td [(;)-316(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 16.077 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\272\305\275\257\264\271\261)-275(\264\271\261\272\275\261\271\314\274\265\275\261)-275(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 92.566 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.1 0 Td [(\300\261\271\264\257\261)-275(\306\271\273\314\275\265\271\272\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.947 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.762 0 Td [(\263\265\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.759 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275\304\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.109 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.762 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\304\261)-275(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.793 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.545 0 Td [(\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.475 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-275(\272\273\261\257\277\275\304\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.347 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\240\257\303\304\271\302)-547(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.914 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.675 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.546 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-547(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.845 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.546 0 Td [(\264\257\272\267)-547(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.481 0 Td [(v)-548(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.253 0 Td [(\273\256\270\265\271\261)-548(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.017 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.565 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.612 0 Td [(\273\305\274\300\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.75 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.375 0 Td [(\307\270\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.843 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.972 -10.959 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\301\305\277\264\265\257\267\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.441 0 Td [(.)-309(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.483 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.468 0 Td [(88;)-338(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.002 0 Td [(De)-309(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.18 0 Td [(,)-323(ii.)-426(8;)-339(D.)-308(Chrys.)-426(xiii.)-426(\247)-309(13,)-324(33;)-338(vii.)]TJ -149.886 -10.959 Td [(133.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1851 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1852 0 R /Resources 1850 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1838 0 R >> endobj 1853 0 obj << /D [1851 0 R /XYZ 282.852 477.528 null] >> endobj 1850 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1856 0 obj << /Length 5713 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(407)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(any)-272(means)-272(for)-272(edification)-272(and)-273(the)-272(culture)-272(of)-272(character.)-316(It)-272(had)-272(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(organisation)-345(for)-345(the)-345(care)-345(and)-345(direction)-345(of)-345(souls)-345(in)-345(moral)-345(doubt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-316(peril.)-449(If)-317(its)-316(oracles)-316(might,)-333(from)-317(a)-316(few)-316(old-world)-316(examples,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seem)-275(to)-275(supply)-275(such)-275(a)-275(spiritual)-275(want,)-281(the)-275(appearance)-275(is)-275(delusive)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(even)-381(according)-381(to)-381(pagan)-381(testimony.)-643(Poets)-381(and)-381(moralists)-381(alike)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thundered)-453(against)-453(the)-454(shameless)-453(impiety)-453(which)-453(often)-453(begged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-392(sanction)-392(of)-392(a)-391(prophetic)-392(shrine)-392(for)-392(some)-392(meditated)-392(sin,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1796)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(and)-318(the)-317(charge)-318(has)-318(been)-317(confirmed)-318(by)-318(the)-317(resurrection)-318(of)-317(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-305(profanities)-306(from)-305(the)-305(ruins)-306(of)-305(Dodona.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 183.294 3.958 Td [(1797)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.977 -3.958 Td [(But)-305(even)-306(without)]TJ -204.271 -13.55 Td [(direct)-206(testimony,)-216(we)-206(might)-206(fairly)-207(conclude)-206(that)-207(the)-206(Antonine)-206(Age)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([336])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(was,)-377(by)-351(reason)-351(of)-351(its)-351(material)-351(development,)-377(in)-351(special)-351(need)-351(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-197(teaching)-198(and)-197(evangelism.)-233(The)-197(whole)-197(stress)-198(of)-197(public)-197(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(private)-248(effort)-247(was)-248(towards)-248(the)-248(provision)-247(of)-248(comfort)-248(or)-247(splendour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-464(amusement)-463(for)-464(the)-463(masses.)-891(And,)-517(within)-464(the)-463(range)-464(of)-463(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ambition,)-420(it)-385(succeeded)-386(marvellously.)-657(Nor)-385(should)-386(an)-385(impartial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inquirer)-198(refuse)-197(to)-198(admit)-197(that)-198(such)-197(an)-197(immense)-198(energy)-197(has)-198(its)-197(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-239(side.)-246(The)-239(rich)-238(were)-239(rigorously)-239(taught)-238(their)-239(duty)-239(to)-238(society,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-362(they)-361(improved)-362(upon)-361(the)-362(lesson.)-585(The)-361(masses)-362(responded)-361(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-447(generous)-447(public)-446(spirit)-447(with)-447(gratitude)-447(and)-446(affection;)-545(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-258(universal)-257(kindliness)-258(and)-258(fraternity)-257(diffused)-258(through)-258(all)-257(ranks)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-400(days)-399(of)-400(high)-400(religious)-400(festival)-399(or)-400(civic)-400(interest,)-437(afforded)-399(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-472(wholesome)-473(and)-472(gratifying)-473(spectacle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.178 3.959 Td [(1798)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.444 -3.959 Td [(There)-472(was)-473(an)]TJ -217.622 -13.549 Td [(undoubted)-353(softening)-354(of)-353(the)-354(Roman)-353(character.)-561(And)-353(the)-353(labours)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(the)-334(great)-334(Stoic)-334(lawyers)-334(were)-334(giving)-334(expression)-334(to)-334(cultivated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-286(feeling,)-295(in)-286(a)-285(more)-286(liberal)-286(recognition)-286(of)-286(the)-286(natural)-285(rights)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-437(the)-437(weak)-438(and)-437(oppressed,)-484(of)-437(women)-437(and)-437(of)-438(slaves.)-811(Yet)-437(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(society)-314(may)-313(be)-314(humane)-313(and)-314(kindly)-313(while)-313(it)-314(is)-313(also)-314(worldly)-313(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(materialised.)-283(To)-261(us)-261(at)-261(least,)-264(the)-261(forces)-261(of)-261(the)-261(Antonine)-261(age)-261(seem)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-376(have)-376(expended)-376(themselves)-376(chiefly)-376(on)-376(the)-376(popular)-375(pleasures)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-217(external)-216(adornments)-217(of)-217(life,)-223(or)-217(a)-216(revival,)-224(often)-216(in)-217(the)-216(grossest)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.149 Td [(1796)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Pers.)-250(ii.)-250(4)-250(sqq.;)-250(cf.)-250(Herod.)-250(vi.)-250(86;)-250(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 137.472 0 Td [(Icaromen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.842 0 Td [(25.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -191.009 -7.31 Td [(1797)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Bernays,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.866 0 Td [(Lucian)-250(und)-250(die)-250(Kyniker)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 84.427 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(34.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -132.988 -7.311 Td [(1798)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.86 0 Td [(p.)-382(231)-295(of)-294(this)-294(work.)-382(Yet)-294(cf.)-383(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 123.873 0 Td [(Somn.)-382(seu)-295(Gallus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.097 0 Td [(,)-305(22,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 18.922 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.274 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.403 0 Td [(\300\273\277\315\303\271\277\271)]TJ -248.144 -10.959 Td [(\306\301\257\304\304\277\305\303\271)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.808 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\264\271\261\275\277\274\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.19 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\273\254\303\272\277\275\304\261\257)-250(\303\265)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.208 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1855 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1856 0 R /Resources 1854 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1838 0 R /Annots [ 1849 0 R ] >> endobj 1849 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [67.587 73.813 91.19 84.933] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg231) >> >> endobj 1857 0 obj << /D [1855 0 R /XYZ 46.771 396.232 null] >> endobj 1854 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1860 0 obj << /Length 5286 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(408)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-281(most)-282(absurd)-281(forms,)-290(as)-281(we)-282(shall)-281(see)-281(in)-282(a)-281(later)-282(chapter,)-289(of)-281(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superstitions)-244(of)-243(the)-244(past.)-248(With)-244(all)-243(its)-244(humanitarian)-244(sentiment)-243(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-220(its)-219(material)-220(glories,)-226(the)-219(Roman)-220(world)-220(had)-219(entered)-220(on)-220(that)-219(fatal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incline,)-263(which,)-263(by)-260(an)-260(unperceived)-260(yet)-260(irresistible)-261(movement,)-262(led)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-269(to)-270(the)-269(sterilisation)-270(of)-269(the)-270(higher)-269(intellect,)-275(and)-269(the)-269(petrifaction)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-401(Roman)-400(society)-401(which)-401(ended)-400(in)-401(the)-401(catastrophe)-400(of)-401(the)-400(fifth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(century.)]TJ 11.956 -14.966 Td [(The)-249(triumphs)-250(and)-249(splendour)-250(of)-249(corporate)-250(life)-249(in)-250(the)-249(age)-250(of)-249(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Antonines)-301(are)-301(certainly)-302(a)-301(dazzling)-301(spectacle.)-404(Yet)-301(to)-301(the)-301(student)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-356(is)-356(more)-356(occupied)-357(with)-356(the)-356(painful)-356(moral)-356(education)-356(of)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(race,)-374(the)-349(interest)-349(lies)-349(in)-349(a)-350(different)-349(direction.)-547(It)-349(was)-349(a)-349(worldly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-535(but)-478(it)-477(was)-478(also)-478(an)-478(age)-477(ennobled)-478(by)-478(a)-478(powerful)-477(protest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(against)-331(worldliness.)-495(And)-331(in)-332(this)-331(chapter)-332(we)-331(shall)-332(study)-331(a)-331(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(movement,)-508(which,)-508(under)-457(the)-456(name)-457(of)-456(philosophy)-457(or)-456(culture,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(called)-451(the)-452(masses)-451(of)-451(men)-452(to)-451(a)-451(higher)-452(standard)-451(of)-451(life.)-854(This)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(movement,)-409(like)-377(all)-378(others)-377(of)-377(the)-378(same)-377(kind,)-409(had)-377(its)-377(impostors)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([337])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(who)-280(disgraced)-281(it.)-341(Yet)-280(the)-280(man)-281(who)-280(has)-280(pursued)-281(them)-280(with)-280(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mordant)-419(ridicule)-418(and)-419(pitiless)-419(scorn,)-461(the)-418(man)-419(who)-419(was)-418(utterly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sceptical)-438(as)-438(to)-438(the)-439(value)-438(of)-438(all)-438(philosophic)-438(effort,)-485(in)-438(the)-438(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resort)-238(approaches)-238(very)-239(near)-238(to)-238(the)-238(view)-239(of)-238(human)-238(life)-238(which)-238(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(preached)-182(by)-181(the)-182(men)-181(whom)-182(he)-182(derides.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.087 3.959 Td [(1799)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.916 -3.959 Td [(Lucian)-182(belonged)-181(to)-182(no)]TJ -185.003 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-291(school;)-313(he)-291(would)-291(himself)-292(have)-291(repudiated)-291(adhesion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-350(any)-351(system.)-550(The)-351(advice)-350(of)-350(Teiresias)-351(to)-350(Menippus,)-375(when)-350(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sought)-253(him)-254(in)-253(the)-253(shades,)-254(would)-253(certainly)-254(have)-253(been)-253(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 261.504 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-253(to)]TJ -265.136 -13.549 Td [(any)-242(young)-241(disciple)-242(who)-241(consulted)-242(him.)-247(Have)-242(done)-241(with)-242(all)-241(these)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(verbal)-214(subtleties)-215(and)-214(chimeras;)-226(swear)-214(allegiance)-215(to)-214(no)-214(sect;)-226(make)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-203(best)-203(of)-203(the)-203(present;)-219(and)-203(take)-203(things)-203(generally)-203(with)-203(a)-203(smile.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1800)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Yet)-238(who)-238(can)-238(read)-238(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 94.765 0 Td [(Dialogues)-238(of)-238(the)-238(Dead)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 100.677 0 Td [(without)-238(feeling)-238(that)]TJ -195.442 -13.549 Td [(there)-265(is)-264(a)-265(deeper)-264(and)-265(more)-264(serious)-265(vein)-264(in)-265(Lucian)-264(than)-265(he)-264(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confess?)-245(Although)-234(he)-234(poured)-234(his)-234(contempt)-234(upon)-234(the)-233(Cynic)-234(street)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preachers,)-491(although)-443(in)-442(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 124.363 0 Td [(Auction)-443(of)-442(Lives)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 79.943 0 Td [(the)-443(Cynic)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.222 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-443(sells)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.03 Td [(1799)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Croiset,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.334 0 Td [(Lucien)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(,)-356(p.)-503(164,)-356(il)-334(a)-335(subi)-334(fortement)-335(leur)-335(influence)-334(en)-335(\351crivant)-334(les)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -67.696 -10.959 Td [(Dialogues)-250(des)-250(morts)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 73.722 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -76.461 -7.311 Td [(1800)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Menip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(c.)-250(21.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1859 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1860 0 R /Resources 1858 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1838 0 R >> endobj 1861 0 obj << /D [1859 0 R /XYZ 331.137 313.52 null] >> endobj 1858 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1864 0 obj << /Length 8483 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(409)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(for)-394(the)-394(most)-393(paltry)-394(price,)-430(the)-394(Cynic)-393(alone)-394(is)-394(allowed)-394(to)-393(carry)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-248(him)-248(across)-247(the)-248(river)-248(of)-248(death)-248(his)-247(characteristic)-248(qualities,)-248(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(boldness)-264(and)-264(freedom)-265(of)-264(speech,)-268(his)-264(bitter)-264(laughter)-264(at)-264(the)-264(follies)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-196(illusions)-197(of)-196(mankind.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.16 3.958 Td [(1801)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.971 -3.958 Td [(There)-196(are)-197(many)-196(indications)-197(in)-196(these)]TJ -128.131 -13.55 Td [(dialogues)-353(that,)-379(if)-353(Lucian)-353(had)-353(turned)-353(Cynic)-353(preacher,)-379(he)-353(would)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-206(waged)-207(the)-206(same)-206(war)-206(on)-206(the)-207(pleasures)-206(and)-206(illusory)-206(ambitions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-235(man,)-238(he)-235(would)-236(have)-235(outdone)-235(the)-235(Cynics)-235(in)-235(brutal)-235(frankness)-235(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exposure)-269(and)-269(denunciation,)-273(as)-269(he)-268(would)-269(have)-269(surpassed)-269(them)-268(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rhetorical)-229(and)-229(imaginative)-230(charm)-229(of)-229(style.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.253 3.958 Td [(1802)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.09 -3.958 Td [(He)-229(has)-229(a)-230(vivi)1(d)-230(and)]TJ -200.343 -13.55 Td [(awful)-222(conception)-222(of)-222(Death,)-228(the)-222(great)-222(leveller,)-227(and)-222(sees)-222(all)-222(earthly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wealth)-231(and)-232(glory)-231(in)-231(the)-231(grey)-232(light)-231(of)-231(the)-231(land)-232(where)-231(all)-231(things)-231(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forgotten.)-445(Rank)-315(and)-315(riches,)-331(beauty)-315(and)-315(strength,)-331(the)-315(lust)-315(of)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eye)-260(and)-261(the)-260(pride)-260(of)-261(life,)-263(are)-260(all)-260(left)-261(behind)-260(on)-260(the)-261(borders)-260(of)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(realm)-301(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.484 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(sapless)-300(heads.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.751 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.958 Td [(1803)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.717 -3.958 Td [(If)-301(Lucian)-300(has)-301(any)-300(gospel)-301(it)-300(is)-301(that)]TJ -131.639 -13.55 Td [(the)-348(kingdom)-347(of)-348(heaven)-348(belongs)-347(to)-348(the)-348(poor.)-543(He)-347(is)-348(as)-348(ready)-347(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-275(of)-274(the)-275(Christian)-274(Fathers)-275(to)-274(condemn)-275(the)-274(rich)-275(eternally.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1804)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-279(therefore)-278(we)-279(are)-278(not)-279(surprised)-279(that)-278(Lucian)-279(has)-278(little)-279(eye)-278(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-190(splendour)-191(of)-190(his)-191(age,)-202(unless)-190(indeed)-191(in)-190(the)-191(phrase,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 226.451 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Great)-190(cities)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.729 0 Td [([338])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(die)-270(as)-270(well)-271(as)-270(men.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.595 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.958 Td [(1805)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.386 -3.958 Td [(He)-270(seems)-270(to)-271(have)-270(little)-270(appreciation)-270(for)]TJ -107.825 -13.55 Td [(its)-243(real)-244(services)-243(to)-243(humanity.)-248(Its)-244(vain,)-244(pretentious)-244(philosophy,)-244(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(selfishness)-288(of)-289(wealth,)-298(its)-288(vices)-289(hidden)-288(under)-289(the)-288(guise)-289(of)-288(virtue,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drew)-261(down)-261(his)-261(hatred)-261(and)-261(scorn.)-283(Yet)-261(one)-261(cannot)-262(help)-261(feeling,)-263(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reading)-275(some)-275(of)-274(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.121 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-275(pieces,)-281(that,)-281(man)-275(of)-275(genius)-274(as)-275(he)-275(was,)]TJ -107.753 -13.549 Td [(a)-338(man)-338(of)-339(no)-338(age,)-360(or)-338(a)-339(man)-338(of)-338(all)-338(ages,)-360(he)-339(is)-338(looking)-338(at)-338(human)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life)-349(from)-350(far)-349(above,)-375(with)-349(no)-349(limitations)-350(of)-349(time,)-375(and)-349(passing)-349(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(judgment)-250(which)-250(may)-250(be)-250(repeated)-250(in)-250(the)-250(thirtieth)-250(century.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.537 3.959 Td [(1806)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -235.582 -18.357 Td [(This)-552(lofty)-551(or)-552(airy)-551(detachment)-552(in)-552(regarding)-551(the)-552(toils)-551(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.551 Td [(1801)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Auct.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.865 0 Td [(11;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.701 0 Td [(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.932 0 Td [(24;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.701 0 Td [(Dial.)-250(Mort.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.841 0 Td [(x.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -159.161 -7.311 Td [(1802)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(Char.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(15,)-250(20;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.15 0 Td [(Dial.)-250(Mort.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.842 0 Td [(i.)-250(3;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.193 0 Td [(Somn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -180.079 -7.311 Td [(1803)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.932 0 Td [(15;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.7 0 Td [(Necyom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.364 0 Td [(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.117 -7.31 Td [(1804)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Traj.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.652 0 Td [(19;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.515 0 Td [(Cyn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.648 0 Td [(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 9.031 0 Td [(Menip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.113 0 Td [(11,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.226 0 Td [(\307\311\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.92 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-219(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.915 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.728 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(5)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.598 0 Td [(\304\265)-219(\300\273\277\315\303\271\277\271)-219(\300\301\277\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.784 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\265\303\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.268 0 Td [(`)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\307\301\277\257)-219(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.87 0 Td [(.)]TJ -278.388 -10.959 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.065 0 Td [(Somn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.945 0 Td [(14,)-325(15,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 28.246 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.416 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.546 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(\300\273\277\315\303\271\277\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.485 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.766 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(V)-310(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.962 0 Td [(\303\270\271)-310(\300\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.092 0 Td [(z)-310(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.872 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.327 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\270\273\271\316\304\265\301\277\275)-310(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.675 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-310(\262\257\277\275)]TJ -257.191 -10.959 Td [(\262\271\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.567 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.922 0 Td [(,)-250(cf.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -25.774 -7.394 Td [(1805)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Char.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(23,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\277\270\275\256\303\272\277\305\303\271)-250(\263\254\301)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.275 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(f)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\300\277\301\270\274\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.541 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\300\314\273\265\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.218 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.296 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\301\311\300\277\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.4 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -269.671 -7.311 Td [(1806)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(As)-250(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(Icaromen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.843 0 Td [(15;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.7 0 Td [(Char.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1863 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1864 0 R /Resources 1862 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1866 0 R >> endobj 1865 0 obj << /D [1863 0 R /XYZ 224.407 287.839 null] >> endobj 1862 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1869 0 obj << /Length 7809 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(410)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(ambitions)-535(of)-535(men)-535(is)-535(perhaps)-535(best)-535(seen)-535(in)-535(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 223.422 0 Td [(Charon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.338 0 Td [(.)-1105(In)]TJ -256.76 -13.549 Td [(this)-273(piece)-273(Lucian)-272(shows)-273(us)-273(the)-272(ideal)-273(spectator)-273(taking)-273(an)-272(outlook)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(over)-362(the)-362(scene)-361(of)-362(human)-362(life.)-585(The)-362(ferryman)-362(of)-362(the)-362(dead,)-389(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-248(heard)-248(so)-248(many)-248(laments)-248(from)-248(his)-248(passengers)-248(for)-248(the)-248(joys)-248(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-404(lost,)-442(wishes)-403(to)-404(have)-404(a)-403(glance)-404(at)-404(this)-403(upper)-404(world)-403(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-451(seems)-452(so)-451(hard)-451(to)-451(leave)-452(behind.)-853(He)-452(joins)-451(the)-451(company)-451(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hermes,)-272(and,)-273(by)-268(an)-268(old-world)-267(miracle,)-273(they)-268(gain)-268(an)-267(observatory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-334(high-piled)-334(Thessalian)-334(mountains)-334(from)-334(which)-334(to)-334(watch)-334(for)-333(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(while)-396(the)-396(comedy)-395(or)-396(the)-396(tragedy)-396(of)-396(human)-396(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.838 3.958 Td [(1807)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.938 -3.958 Td [(A)-396(magic)]TJ -241.776 -13.55 Td [(verse)-340(of)-339(Homer)-340(gives)-340(the)-339(spectral)-340(visitor)-340(the)-339(power)-340(to)-339(observe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(scene)-313(so)-314(far)-314(below.)-440(And)-314(what)-314(a)-313(sight)-314(it)-314(is!)-441(It)-313(is)-314(a)-313(confused)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spectacle)-362(of)-362(various)-362(effort)-362(and)-362(passion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 173.636 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(men)-362(sailing,)-390(fighting,)]TJ -184.545 -13.549 Td [(ploughing,)-297(lending)-287(at)-287(usury,)-297(suing)-287(in)-287(the)-288(law-courts.)-362(It)-287(is)-287(also)-287(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-299(swarm)-299(stinging)-299(and)-299(being)-299(stung.)-397(And)-299(over)-299(all)-299(the)-299(scene)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(flits)-256(a)-256(confused)-255(cloud)-256(of)-256(hopes)-256(and)-255(fears)-256(and)-256(follies)-256(and)-255(hatreds,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-445(love)-446(of)-445(pleasure)-445(and)-446(the)-445(love)-445(of)-446(gold.)-836(Higher)-445(still,)-494(you)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-359(see)-359(the)-360(eternal)-359(Fates)-359(spinning)-359(for)-360(each)-359(one)-359(of)-359(the)-359(motley)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crowd)-271(his)-271(several)-271(thread.)-313(One)-271(man,)-276(raised)-271(high)-271(for)-271(the)-271(moment,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-321(a)-321(resounding)-321(fall;)-357(another,)-339(mounting)-321(but)-321(a)-321(little)-321(way,)-338(sinks)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unperceived.)-418(And)-306(amidst)-306(all)-306(the)-306(tumult)-306(and)-306(excitement)-306(of)-306(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hopes)-351(and)-351(alarms,)-376(death)-351(kindly)-351(snatches)-351(them)-351(away)-351(by)-351(one)-350(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-429(many)-430(messengers.)-788(Yet)-430(they)-429(weep)-430(and)-429(lament,)-474(forgetting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-259(they)-258(have)-259(been)-258(mere)-258(sojourners)-259(for)-258(a)-259(brief)-258(space)-259(upon)-258(earth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-400(are)-401(only)-400(losing)-401(the)-400(pleasures)-401(of)-400(a)-401(dream.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.935 3.959 Td [(1808)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.09 -3.959 Td [(To)-400(Charon)]TJ -232.025 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(bubbles)-324(in)-323(a)-324(fountain)-324(are)-324(the)-323(truest)-324(image)-324(of)-324(their)-323(phantom)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 14.542 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(some)-373(forming)-373(and)-373(bursting)-373(speedily,)-404(others)-373(swelling)-373(out)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -98.207 0 Td [([339])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(for)-375(a)-375(little)-375(longer)-375(and)-375(more)-376(showy)-375(life,)-406(but)-375(all)-375(bursting)-375(at)-375(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last.)-498(Charon)-332(is)-333(so)-333(moved)-332(by)-333(the)-333(pathos)-332(of)-333(it)-332(all,)-354(that,)-353(from)-332(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mountain)-194(peaks,)-205(he)-194(would)-194(fain)-194(preach)-194(a)-194(sermon)-194(to)-194(the)-194(silly)-194(crowd)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 120.76 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 113.947 Td [(1807)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Char.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.785 0 Td [(3;)-395(cf.)-540(a)-347(saying)-347(of)-346(Plato,)-371(quoted)-347(in)-347(M.)-346(Aurel.)-540(vii.)-541(48,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 202.268 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.745 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.897 0 Td [(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.768 0 Td [(v)]TJ -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\311\275)-390(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.943 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-390(\273\314\263\277\305\302)-391(\300\277\271\277\315\274\265\275\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 83.272 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\303\272\277\300\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.159 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-390(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.108 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.136 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.137 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)-390(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.974 0 Td [(\300\257\263\265\271\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.721 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.058 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ -263.576 -10.958 Td [(\300\277\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.656 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.159 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\311\270\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.608 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.197 0 Td [(\272\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.136 0 Td [(p)-403(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.027 0 Td [(\263\255\273\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.736 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.079 0 Td [(\263\254\274\277\305\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.469 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.854 0 Td [(\263\265\275\255\303\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.683 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.854 0 Td [(\270\261\275\254\304\277\305\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.96 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.854 0 Td [(\264\271\272\261\303\304\267\301\257\311\275)]TJ -233.745 -10.959 Td [(\270\314\301\305\262\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.248 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\277\301\304\254\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.973 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\270\301\256\275\277\305\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.763 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -116.101 -7.311 Td [(1808)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(Char.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.919 0 Td [(17,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\257\261\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.77 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.296 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\276)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.169 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275\265\257\301\261\304\277\302)-250(\300\254\275\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 58.936 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301)-250(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.786 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\306\255\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.312 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1868 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1869 0 R /Resources 1867 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1866 0 R >> endobj 1870 0 obj << /D [1868 0 R /XYZ 93.543 179.445 null] >> endobj 1871 0 obj << /D [1868 0 R /XYZ 306.234 99.179 null] >> endobj 1867 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1874 0 obj << /Length 6229 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(411)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-203(warn)-202(them)-202(of)-203(the)-202(doom)-203(which)-202(is)-203(in)-202(store)-203(for)-202(all.)-234(But)-203(the)-202(wiser)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-237(more)-237(cynical)-236(Hermes)-237(tells)-237(him)-237(that)-237(all)-236(except)-237(a)-237(few)-237(have)-236(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ears)-267(more)-268(closely)-267(stopped)-268(than)-267(the)-268(crew)-267(of)-268(Odysseus)-267(when)-267(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passed)-250(the)-250(Siren)-250(isles.)]TJ 11.956 -18.076 Td [(This)-437(view)-437(of)-437(human)-437(life,)-484(half-contemptuous,)-484(half-patheti)1(c,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(which)-528(the)-529(great)-528(iconoclast)-529(of)-528(all)-529(the)-528(dreams)-529(of)-528(religion)-528(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(philosophy)-231(in)-231(his)-231(time)-231(has)-231(sketched)-231(with)-231(his)-231(own)-231(graphic)-230(power,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-152(the)-153(view)-152(of)-152(the)-153(very)-152(philosophy)-152(which)-153(he)-152(derided.)-217(Philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-375(a)-374(second)-375(time)-374(turned)-375(from)-374(heaven)-375(to)-375(earth.)-623(The)-375(effort)-374(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solve)-185(the)-186(riddle)-185(of)-186(the)-185(universe)-186(by)-185(a)-185(single)-186(formula,)-198(or)-186(by)-185(the)-185(fine-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drawn)-332(subtleties)-332(of)-332(dialectic,)-353(has)-332(been)-332(abandoned.)-496(In)-332(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -276.387 -13.55 Td [(Auction)-300(of)-300(Lives)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 71.996 0 Td [(,)-312(in)-300(which)-300(the)-300(merits)-300(of)-299(the)-300(various)-300(schools)-300(are)]TJ -71.996 -13.549 Td [(balanced)-209(and)-210(estimated)-209(in)-209(terms)-210(of)-209(cash,)-217(it)-210(is)-209(significant)-209(that)-209(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-356(slight)-357(and)-356(perfunctory)-357(reference)-356(is)-357(made)-356(to)-357(the)-356(great)-356(cosmic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-407(metaphysical)-407(theories)-407(of)-407(Elea)-407(or)-407(Ionia,)-446(to)-407(the)-406(Pythagorean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrine)-211(of)-211(numbers,)-219(to)-211(the)-211(Ephesian)-211(doctrine)-211(of)-211(the)-211(eternal)-211(flow,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-372(the)-373(ideal)-372(system)-372(of)-373(Plato.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.484 3.959 Td [(1809)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.169 -3.959 Td [(We)-372(have)-373(seen)-372(that,)-403(although)]TJ -151.653 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-241(has)-242(a)-241(certain)-242(interest)-241(in)-241(the)-242(logic)-241(and)-241(physics)-242(of)-241(the)-241(older)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Stoicism,)-440(he)-402(makes)-402(all)-402(purely)-402(speculative)-402(inquiry)-402(ancillary)-402(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-377(progress.)-630(The)-377(same)-377(diversion)-377(of)-377(interest)-377(from)-377(the)-376(field)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-273(speculation)-274(to)-273(that)-273(of)-274(conduct)-273(is)-273(seen)-274(even)-273(more)-273(decidedly)-273(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Epictetus)-367(and)-367(M.)-367(Aurelius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 121.093 3.959 Td [(1810)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.997 -3.959 Td [(The)-367(philosophic)-367(Emperor)-367(had,)]TJ -144.09 -13.549 Td [(of)-389(course,)-423(studied)-389(the)-389(great)-389(cosmic)-389(systems)-389(of)-389(Heraclitus)-388(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Epicurus,)-487(Plato)-440(and)-439(Aristotle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.505 3.959 Td [(1811)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.371 -3.959 Td [(They)-440(furnish)-439(a)-440(scenery)-439(or)]TJ -160.876 -13.549 Td [(background,)-358(sometimes,)-359(especially)-337(that)-336(of)-337(Heraclitus,)-359(a)-336(dimly-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seen)-333(foundation,)-353(for)-333(his)-332(theory)-333(of)-332(conduct.)-498(But,)-354(in)-332(spite)-333(of)-332(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sad,)-257(weary)-256(view)-256(of)-255(the)-256(pettiness)-256(and)-256(sameness)-255(of)-256(the)-256(brief)-255(space)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-206(consciousness)-205(between)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.979 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-206(two)-205(eternities,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.902 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.088 0 Td [(the)-206(whole)-205(thought)]TJ -202.812 -13.549 Td [(of)-246(M.)-245(Aurelius)-246(is)-245(concentrated)-246(on)-246(the)-245(manner)-246(in)-245(which)-246(that)-245(brief)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.108 Td [(1809)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Auct.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.865 0 Td [(3,)-250(13,)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.986 -7.311 Td [(1810)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.186 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.683 0 Td [(iv.)-336(i.)-337(138,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.241 0 Td [(\016)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.998 0 Td [(\301\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.797 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.339 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261)-279(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.609 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.207 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-279(\303\307\277\273\261\303\304\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.946 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-279(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.326 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.136 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-279(\274\311\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.441 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.083 -10.958 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)-355(M.)-355(Aurel.)-565(vii.)-565(67;)-408(cf.)-565(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 119.782 0 Td [(Phil.)-565(der)-355(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 67.715 0 Td [(iii.)-565(2,)-381(p.)-565(203;)-408(Hatch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -200.659 -10.959 Td [(Hibbert)-250(Lec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.566 0 Td [(p.)-250(142.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.306 -7.311 Td [(1811)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(vi.)-250(15;)-250(vii.)-250(19;)-250(vi.)-250(24,)-250(42,)-250(47;)-250(viii)-250(6;)-250(xi.)-250(20;)-250(viii.)-250(3;)-250(vii.)-250(67.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1873 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1874 0 R /Resources 1872 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1866 0 R >> endobj 1872 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1877 0 obj << /Length 7893 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(412)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(moment)-333(may)-332(be)-333(worthily)-332(spent.)-498(So,)-353(Epictetus)-332(asks,)-353(What)-333(do)-332(I)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(care)-334(whether)-334(all)-334(things)-334(are)-334(composed)-334(of)-334(atoms)-334(or)-334(similar)-334(parts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-303(of)-302(fire)-303(or)-302(earth?)-408(Is)-302(it)-303(not)-302(enough)-303(to)-302(know)-303(the)-302(nature)-303(of)-302(good)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([340])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(and)-298(evil?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.206 3.958 Td [(1812)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.722 -3.958 Td [(Just)-298(as)-297(in)-298(the)-297(days)-298(of)-297(Socrates)-298(the)-297(whole)-298(stress)-297(of)]TJ -60.928 -13.55 Td [(philosophy)-387(is)-387(directed)-386(towards)-387(the)-387(discovery)-386(of)-387(a)-387(rule)-387(of)-386(life,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-394(source)-394(of)-394(moral)-394(clearness)-394(and)-394(guidance,)-430(with)-394(a)-394(view)-394(to)-393(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(formation)-250(or)-250(reformation)-250(of)-250(character.)]TJ 11.956 -19.233 Td [(Seneca)-382(and)-382(Epictetus)-382(and)-382(Lucian)-382(and)-382(M.)-382(Aurelius)-382(all)-382(alike)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(give)-245(a)-245(gloomy)-245(picture)-245(of)-246(the)-245(moral)-245(condition)-245(of)-245(the)-245(masses.)-248(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-319(may)-318(well)-319(believe)-318(that,)-336(in)-318(spite)-319(of)-318(the)-319(splendour)-318(of)-319(that)-318(age,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-362(spite)-361(of)-362(a)-362(great)-361(moral)-362(movement)-362(which)-361(was)-362(stirring)-361(among)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-392(leaders)-392(of)-393(society,)-428(the)-392(mass)-392(of)-392(men,)-428(as)-392(in)-392(every)-393(age,)-427(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-253(taste)-253(for)-253(idealist)-253(views)-252(of)-253(life.)-259(Yet)-253(Seneca,)-253(notwithstanding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(pessimism,)-251(speaks)-250(of)-251(the)-250(multitudes)-250(who)-251(were)-250(stretching)-250(out)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-271(hands)-272(for)-271(moral)-272(help.)-314(There)-272(must)-271(have)-272(been)-271(some)-271(demand)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-258(that)-258(popular)-259(moral)-258(teaching)-258(which)-258(is)-259(a)-258(striking)-258(feature)-258(of)-258(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(time.)-658(Men)-386(might)-386(jeer)-386(at)-386(the)-386(philosophic)-386(missionary,)-420(but)-386(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seem)-319(to)-318(have)-319(crowded)-318(to)-319(listen)-319(to)-318(him)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 170.979 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(on)-319(the)-318(temple)-319(steps)-318(of)]TJ -181.888 -13.549 Td [(Rome)-185(or)-184(Ephesus,)-198(in)-184(the)-185(great)-184(squares)-185(of)-184(Alexandria,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.106 3.959 Td [(1813)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.593 -3.959 Td [(or)-185(in)-184(the)]TJ -245.699 -13.549 Td [(colonnades)-281(at)-280(Olympia,)-288(or)-281(under)-280(the)-281(half-ruined)-280(walls)-280(of)-281(an)-280(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Milesian)-303(colony)-303(on)-303(the)-304(Euxine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 138.977 3.958 Td [(1814)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.904 -3.958 Td [(The)-303(rush)-303(of)-303(the)-304(porters)-303(and)]TJ -159.881 -13.55 Td [(smiths)-235(and)-235(carpenters)-235(to)-236(join)-235(the)-235(ranks)-235(of)-235(the)-235(Cynic)-235(friars,)-238(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moved)-237(the)-238(scorn)-237(of)-237(Lucian,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 119.12 3.959 Td [(1815)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.055 -3.959 Td [(must)-237(have)-238(corresponded)-237(to)-237(some)]TJ -138.175 -13.549 Td [(general)-377(demand,)-408(even)-377(if)-377(the)-377(motive)-377(of)-377(the)-377(vagrant)-376(missionary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-434(not)-435(of)-434(the)-434(purest)-434(kind.)-803(There)-434(must)-435(have)-434(been)-434(many)-434(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(example)-263(of)-262(moral)-263(earnestness)-263(like)-262(that)-263(of)-263(Hermotimus,)-266(who)-262(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(laboured)-312(hard)-312(for)-312(twenty)-312(years)-312(to)-311(find)-312(the)-312(true)-312(way)-312(of)-312(life,)-327(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.27 Td [(1812)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.295 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.103 0 Td [(175;)-224(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.287 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.078 0 Td [(iii.)-237(21,)-219(\247)-211(23,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.567 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273\254)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.175 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.206 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.531 0 Td [(\303\265)-211(\310\305\307\261\263\311\263\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.035 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.53 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.602 0 Td [(\270\265\311\301\256\274\261\304\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.694 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\272\261\270\256\274\265\275\277\302)-376(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.893 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.083 0 Td [(\303\304\301\255\306\265)-376(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.762 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.033 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.012 0 Td [(\303\265\261\305\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.626 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\207)-376(\306\271\273\314\303\277\306\277\275)-377(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.138 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.141 0 Td [(\274\267\264\255\300\277\304)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 30.719 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.362 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.972 -10.959 Td [(\303\265\261\305\304\314\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.172 0 Td [(:)-256(cf.)-259(M.)-253(Aurel.)-259(ii.)-259(17,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 76.815 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.32 0 Td [(\346)-253(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.522 0 Td [(\275\270\301\311\300\257\275\277\305)-253(\262\257\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.142 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.734 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-253(\307\301\314\275\277\302)-253(\303\304\271\263\274\256)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 61.787 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.048 0 Td [(\304\257)]TJ -274.139 -10.958 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.643 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\300\261\301\261\300\255\274\310\261\271)-250(\264\305\275\254\274\265\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 87.484 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.735 0 Td [(\023)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.068 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\274\314\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.855 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\277\306\257\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.372 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -212.741 -7.311 Td [(1813)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(v.)-250(26;)-250(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.528 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -167.383 -7.311 Td [(1814)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iv.)-250(41;)-250(iv.)-250(24;)-250(D.)-250(Chrys.)-250(xxxvi,)-250(\247)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.41 -7.394 Td [(1815)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Fug.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(c.)-250(12.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1876 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1877 0 R /Resources 1875 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1866 0 R >> endobj 1878 0 obj << /D [1876 0 R /XYZ 309.405 491.077 null] >> endobj 1875 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1881 0 obj << /Length 5725 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(413)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(had)-466(only)-466(obtained)-465(a)-466(distant)-466(glimpse)-465(of)-466(the)-466(celestial)-466(city.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1816)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(After)-364(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.809 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-364(conversion,)-393(as)-364(we)-364(may)-364(fairly)-364(call)-364(it,)-393(he)-364(deems)-364(it)]TJ -52.442 -13.549 Td [(a)-338(sacred)-339(duty)-338(to)-339(call)-338(men)-339(to)-338(the)-339(way)-338(of)-339(wisdom)-338(by)-338(persuasion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-277(reproach,)-284(and)-278(to)-277(appeal)-277(even)-278(to)-277(the)-277(turbulent)-278(masses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.429 3.958 Td [(1817)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.059 -3.958 Td [(We)]TJ -265.488 -13.55 Td [(shall)-296(see)-296(how)-296(well)-296(he)-297(fulfilled)-296(the)-296(duty.)-388(For)-296(nearly)-296(a)-296(century)-296(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Athens,)-225(the)-219(gentle)-220(Demonax)-219(embodied)-219(the)-219(ideal)-219(which)-219(his)-219(friend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Epictetus)-259(had)-260(formed)-259(of)-260(the)-259(Cynic)-259(father)-260(of)-259(all)-260(men)-259(in)-259(God;)-264(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-229(immense)-230(ascendency)-229(testifies)-229(at)-229(least)-230(to)-229(a)-229(widespread)-229(respect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-447(admiration)-447(for)-447(such)-447(teaching)-446(and)-447(example.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.388 3.958 Td [(1818)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.609 -3.958 Td [(It)-447(is)-447(not)]TJ -242.997 -13.55 Td [(necessary)-334(to)-334(suppose)-334(that)-333(the)-334(people)-334(who)-334(thought)-334(it)-334(an)-333(honour)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([341])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(if)-305(Demonax)-304(invited)-305(himself)-304(to)-305(their)-304(tables,)-318(the)-305(magistrates)-304(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rose)-215(up)-216(to)-215(do)-215(him)-215(reverence)-216(as)-215(he)-215(passed,)-223(or)-215(the)-215(riotous)-215(assembly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-231(was)-231(awed)-231(into)-231(stillness)-231(by)-231(his)-231(mere)-231(presence,)-235(were)-230(people)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generally)-183(who)-184(had)-183(caught)-183(his)-184(moral)-183(enthusiasm.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.216 3.958 Td [(1819)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.923 -3.958 Td [(They)-183(were)-184(at)]TJ -225.139 -13.55 Td [(the)-260(very)-260(time)-260(eager)-260(to)-260(have)-260(gladiatorial)-260(shows)-260(established)-260(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-202(shadow)-202(of)-202(the)-202(Acropolis.)-234(But)-202(it)-202(is)-202(something)-202(when)-202(men)-201(begin)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-434(revere)-435(a)-434(character)-434(inspired)-435(by)-434(moral)-434(forces)-435(of)-434(which)-434(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-248(only)-247(a)-248(dim)-248(conjecture.)-249(And)-248(amid)-247(all)-248(the)-248(material)-247(splendour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-297(apparent)-297(content)-297(of)-297(the)-296(Antonine)-297(age,)-309(there)-297(were)-297(signs)-296(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(men)-335(were)-335(becoming)-335(conscious)-335(of)-335(a)-335(great)-334(spiritual)-335(need,)-356(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-431(often)-431(tried)-431(to)-431(satisfy)-431(by)-431(accumulated)-431(superstitions.)-793(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-341(routine)-340(was)-341(broken)-340(up;)-386(the)-341(forms)-341(of)-340(ancestral)-341(piety)-340(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(longer)-295(satisfied)-294(even)-295(the)-294(vulgar;)-317(the)-295(forms)-294(of)-295(ancient)-294(scholastic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(speculation)-239(had)-239(become)-239(stale)-239(and)-239(frigid)-240(to)-239(the)-239(cultivated;)-242(the)-239(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophies)-345(had)-345(left)-345(men)-345(bewildered.)-535(Henceforth,)-368(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(must)-417(make)-417(itself)-417(a)-417(religion;)-501(the)-417(philosopher)-417(must)-417(become)-417(an)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(ambassador)-250(of)-250(God.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.556 0 Td [(\035)]TJ -80.444 -16.98 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(There)-442(is)-442(no)-442(philosophy)-442(without)-442(virtue;)-538(there)-442(is)-442(no)-443(virtue)]TJ -16.799 -13.549 Td [(without)-353(philosophy,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 88.412 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.699 0 Td [(said)-353(Seneca,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.051 3.959 Td [(1820)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.576 -3.959 Td [(and)-353(herein)-354(he)-353(expressed)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.43 Td [(1816)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hermot.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(c.)-250(2,)-250(25.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -46.57 -7.311 Td [(1817)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(lxxviii.;)-250(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.774 0 Td [(Mor.)-250(sous)-250(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 43.093 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Emp.)-250(rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.847 0 Td [(p.)-250(300.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -212.699 -7.311 Td [(1818)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)-250(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.62 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.412 0 Td [(c.)-250(7,)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66.727 -7.31 Td [(1819)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)-250(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.62 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.412 0 Td [(c.)-250(63.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66.727 -7.311 Td [(1820)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(89,)-250(\247)-250(6;)-250(cf.)-250(A.)-250(Gell.)-250(xvii.)-250(19,)-250(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1880 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1881 0 R /Resources 1879 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1866 0 R >> endobj 1882 0 obj << /D [1880 0 R /XYZ 92.817 396.232 null] >> endobj 1879 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1885 0 obj << /Length 5960 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(414)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(truly)-162(the)-163(most)-162(earnest)-162(thought)-162(of)-162(his)-163(own)-162(age)-162(and)-162(the)-163(next.)-220(Lucian,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-289(the)-290(dialogue)-289(which)-290(is)-289(perhaps)-290(his)-289(most)-290(powerful)-289(exposure)-289(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-530(failure)-530(of)-530(philosophy,)-600(bears)-530(testimony)-530(to)-530(the)-529(boundless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expectations)-348(which)-348(it)-348(aroused)-348(in)-348(its)-348(votaries.)-544(Hermotimus,)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(elderly)-402(enthusiast,)-440(whom)-402(the)-402(mocker)-402(meets)-402(hurrying)-402(with)-402(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(books)-307(to)-308(the)-307(philosophic)-308(school,)-321(has)-308(been)-307(an)-308(ardent)-307(student)-307(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(twenty)-190(years;)-211(he)-190(has)-191(grown)-190(pale)-191(and)-190(withered)-191(with)-190(eager)-190(thought.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-325(he)-325(admits)-326(that)-325(he)-325(has)-325(only)-325(taken)-326(a)-325(single)-325(step)-325(on)-325(the)-325(steep)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upward)-289(road.)-368(Few)-290(and)-289(faint)-289(and)-290(weary)-289(are)-289(they)-290(who)-289(ever)-289(reach)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-252(summit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.544 3.959 Td [(1821)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.226 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-252(Hermotimus)-252(is)-252(content)-251(if,)-253(at)-252(the)-251(close)-252(of)-252(the)]TJ -70.77 -13.549 Td [(efforts)-179(of)-179(a)-179(lifetime,)-193(he)-179(should,)-193(if)-179(but)-179(for)-179(a)-179(moment,)-193(breathe)-179(the)-178(air)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-200(the)-200(far-off)-200(heights)-200(and)-200(look)-200(down)-200(on)-200(the)-200(human)-200(ant-hill)-200(below.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Such)-267(spirits)-268(dream)-267(of)-267(an)-267(apotheosis)-267(like)-268(that)-267(which)-267(crowned)-267(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hero)-243(on)-244(Mount)-243(Oeta,)-245(when)-243(the)-244(soul)-243(shall)-244(be)-243(purged)-244(of)-243(its)-243(earthly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(passions)-298(as)-298(by)-298(fire,)-310(and)-298(hardly)-298(a)-298(memory)-298(of)-298(the)-298(illusions)-298(of)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(past)-322(will)-323(remain.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.603 3.959 Td [(1822)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.533 -3.959 Td [(Lycinus,)-340(his)-323(friend,)-340(has)-322(once)-323(himself)-322(had)]TJ -96.136 -13.549 Td [(a)-335(vision)-334(of)-334(a)-335(celestial)-334(city,)-356(from)-335(which)-334(ambition)-334(and)-335(the)-334(greed)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([342])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(of)-282(gold)-281(are)-282(banished,)-290(where)-282(there)-281(is)-282(no)-282(discord)-281(or)-282(strife,)-290(but)-281(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(citizens)-284(live)-285(in)-284(a)-285(deep)-284(peace)-285(of)-284(sober)-285(virtue.)-353(He)-285(had)-284(once)-284(heard)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-280(an)-280(aged)-281(man)-280(how)-280(any)-280(one)-280(might)-280(share)-281(its)-280(citizenship,)-287(rich)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-397(poor,)-433(bond)-397(or)-397(free,)-433(Greek)-397(or)-396(barbarian,)-434(if)-396(only)-397(he)-397(had)-396(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passion)-245(for)-246(nobleness)-245(and)-245(were)-245(not)-245(overcome)-246(by)-245(the)-245(hardness)-245(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-202(journey.)-234(And)-203(the)-202(sceptic)-202(avows)-202(that)-203(long)-202(since)-202(he)-202(would)-202(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enrolled)-345(himself)-344(among)-345(its)-345(citizens,)-368(but)-345(the)-344(city)-345(is)-344(far)-345(off,)-368(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(only)-186(dimly)-185(visible.)-229(The)-186(paths)-185(which)-186(are)-186(said)-185(to)-186(lead)-186(to)-185(it)-186(run)-186(in)-185(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-288(various)-287(directions,)-297(through)-288(soft)-288(meadows)-287(and)-288(cool)-287(shaded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slopes,)-246(or)-245(mounting)-245(over)-245(bare)-245(rough)-245(crags)-245(under)-245(a)-245(pitiless)-245(blaze.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-218(at)-219(the)-218(entrance)-219(to)-218(each)-219(avenue)-218(there)-219(is)-218(a)-219(clamorous)-218(crowd)-218(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guides,)-343(each)-325(vaunting)-324(his)-325(peculiar)-324(skill,)-343(abusing)-325(his)-324(rivals,)-343(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pointing)-288(to)-287(the)-288(one)-288(sure)-288(access)-287(of)-288(which)-288(he)-287(alone)-288(has)-288(the)-287(secret)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(key.)-541(A)-346(similar)-347(scene,)-371(equally)-347(illustrative)-347(of)-347(the)-347(moral)-346(ferment)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.03 Td [(1821)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(Hermot.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.876 0 Td [(c.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -64.996 -7.311 Td [(1822)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.093 0 Td [(c.)-632(7,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 22.283 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.019 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(W)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\271)-377(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.635 0 Td [(t)-377(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.717 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.849 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\277\306\257\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.411 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.436 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\314)-377(\304\271\275\277\302)-377(\300\305\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.655 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.04 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\261\275\304\261)]TJ -258.098 -10.959 Td [(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.563 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\261)-250(\300\265\301\271\261\271\301\265\270\255\275\304\265\302)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 81.074 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1884 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1885 0 R /Resources 1883 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1866 0 R >> endobj 1886 0 obj << /D [1884 0 R /XYZ 240.81 301.388 null] >> endobj 1883 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1889 0 obj << /Length 6361 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(415)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-290(the)-290(time,)-299(is)-290(sketched)-290(in)-289(another)-290(charming)-290(piece.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 223.537 3.959 Td [(1823)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.466 -3.959 Td [(It)-290(is)-290(t)1(hat)]TJ -244.003 -13.549 Td [(in)-400(which)-399(the)-400(rustic)-399(Pan,)-437(with)-399(his)-400(memories)-399(of)-400(the)-399(shepherd)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(pipe)-353(and)-353(the)-354(peace)-353(of)-353(Arcadian)-353(pastures,)-379(describes)-353(the)-353(strange)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(turmoil)-312(of)-311(contending)-312(sects)-312(which)-311(rings)-312(around)-312(his)-311(cave)-312(on)-311(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(edge)-245(of)-245(the)-244(Acropolis.)-249(There,)-245(in)-245(the)-245(Agora)-245(below,)-246(rival)-244(teachers,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-194(dripping)-194(brow)-193(and)-194(distended)-194(veins,)-205(are)-194(shouting)-194(one)-193(another)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-350(before)-350(an)-351(admiring)-350(crowd.)-550(And)-351(the)-350(simple)-350(old)-350(deity,)-375(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whom)-324(the)-323(language)-324(of)-324(their)-324(dialectic)-323(is)-324(strange,)-342(seems)-324(to)-323(think)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-268(the)-268(victory)-268(rests)-268(with)-268(the)-268(loudest)-268(voice)-268(and)-268(the)-268(most)-268(blatant)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(self-assertion.)]TJ 11.956 -17.012 Td [(The)-531(sly)-531(ridicule)-532(of)-531(Lucian,)-601(so)-532(often)-531(crossed)-531(by)-531(a)-531(touch)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-431(pathos,)-476(is)-430(perhaps)-431(the)-431(best)-430(testimony)-431(to)-431(the)-430(overpowering)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interest)-306(which)-306(his)-306(age)-306(felt)-305(in)-306(the)-306(philosophy)-306(of)-306(conduct.)-418(And)-305(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-331(no)-331(longer)-331(the)-331(pursuit)-331(merely)-331(of)-331(an)-331(intellectual)-331(aristocracy.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Common,)-268(ignorant)-264(folk)-264(have)-264(caught)-263(the)-264(passion)-264(for)-264(apostleship.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Everywhere)-191(might)-191(be)-192(met)-191(the)-191(familiar)-191(figure,)-203(with)-191(long)-191(cloak)-191(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(staff)-313(and)-313(scrip,)-329(haranguing)-313(in)-313(the)-313(squares)-313(or)-313(lanes)-313(to)-313(unlettered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(crowds.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.233 3.959 Td [(1824)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.835 -3.959 Td [(And)-159(the)-159(preacher)-159(is)-159(often)-159(as)-159(unlearned)-159(as)-159(they,)-177(having)]TJ -53.068 -13.549 Td [(left)-381(the)-381(forge)-380(or)-381(the)-381(carpenter)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.66 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-381(bench)-380(or)-381(the)-381(slave)-381(prison,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 125.899 3.959 Td [(1825)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(to)-269(proclaim)-270(his)-269(simple)-269(gospel)-270(of)-269(renunciation,)-274(with)-270(more)-269(or)-269(less)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sincerity.)-344(Lucian)-281(makes)-281(sport)-281(of)-282(the)-281(quarrels)-281(and)-281(contradictions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-241(the)-242(schools.)-247(And)-241(it)-241(is)-242(true)-241(that)-241(the)-241(old)-242(names)-241(still)-241(marked)-241(men)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([343])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(off)-314(in)-314(different)-315(camps,)-330(or)-314(rather)-314(churches.)-443(But)-314(their)-314(quarrels)-314(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucian)-244(and)-243(in)-243(Philostratus)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.027 3.959 Td [(1826)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.094 -3.959 Td [(seem)-243(to)-244(be)-243(personal,)-245(the)-244(offspring)]TJ -133.121 -13.549 Td [(of)-329(very)-328(unphilosophic)-329(ambition)-329(and)-328(jealousy,)-349(or)-328(greed)-329(or)-328(petty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vanity,)-390(rat)1(her)-362(than)-362(the)-361(wholesome)-362(and)-361(stimulating)-362(collision)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(earnest)-306(minds)-306(contending)-306(for)-307(what)-306(they)-306(think)-306(a)-306(great)-306(system)-306(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(truth.)-235(The)-204(rival)-204(Sophists)-204(under)-204(the)-204(Acropolis)-204(were)-204(quarrelling)-204(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-188(audience)-188(and)-188(not)-189(for)-188(a)-188(dogma.)-229(Scientific)-188(interest)-188(in)-188(philosophy)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.352 Td [(1823)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Bis)-250(Acc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.624 0 Td [(c.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -64.745 -7.31 Td [(1824)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.237 0 Td [(c.)-346(6,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.645 0 Td [(\001)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\261\275\304\261\307\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.355 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.073 0 Td [(\300\316\263\311\275)-282(\262\261\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.248 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-282(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.466 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.163 0 Td [(\262\271\262\273\257\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.475 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-282(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.929 0 Td [(\303)-282(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.022 0 Td [(\301\271\303\304\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.115 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.235 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.163 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -255.38 -10.959 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.545 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301)-250(\303\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.278 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\277\306\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.493 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\271)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.326 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -101.199 -7.394 Td [(1825)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fug.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(c.)-250(12;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.165 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Auct.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.865 0 Td [(c.)-250(10;)-250(D.)-250(Chrys.)-250(xxxii.)-250(9;)-250(xxxiv.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.653 -7.311 Td [(1826)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(v.)-250(37.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1888 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1889 0 R /Resources 1887 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1891 0 R >> endobj 1890 0 obj << /D [1888 0 R /XYZ 223.756 230.179 null] >> endobj 1887 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1894 0 obj << /Length 4972 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(416)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(was)-219(to)-218(a)-219(great)-218(extent)-218(dead.)-240(For)-218(centuries)-219(no)-218(great)-219(original)-218(thinker)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-426(arisen)-425(to)-426(rekindle)-426(it.)-777(And)-425(in)-426(the)-426(purely)-425(moral)-426(sphere)-425(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-416(philosophy)-416(was)-415(now)-416(confined,)-457(the)-416(natural)-416(tendency)-415(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-440(different)-441(schools,)-488(not)-440(even)-441(excluding)-440(the)-440(Epicurean,)-488(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-392(assimilation)-391(and)-392(eclecticism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.602 3.959 Td [(1827)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.804 -3.959 Td [(They)-392(were)-391(all)-392(impartially)]TJ -165.406 -13.549 Td [(endowed)-275(at)-275(the)-275(university)-275(of)-275(Athens,)-281(and)-275(a)-275(youth)-275(of)-274(enthusiasm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-495(attend)-495(the)-495(professors)-494(of)-495(all)-495(the)-495(schools.)-984(Apollonius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-281(he)-282(finally)-281(adopted)-282(the)-281(Pythagorean)-281(discipline,)-289(pursued)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-370(studies)-370(at)-370(Aegae)-369(under)-370(Platonists)-370(and)-370(Stoics,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.446 3.958 Td [(1828)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.8 -3.958 Td [(and)-370(even)]TJ -240.246 -13.55 Td [(under)-234(Epicureans.)-245(Seneca)-234(came)-234(under)-234(Pythagorean)-233(influences)-234(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-300(youth,)-312(and)-300(he)-299(constantly)-300(rounds)-300(off)-300(a)-299(letter)-300(to)-300(Lucilius)-299(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-394(quotation)-395(from)-394(Epicurus.)-683(Among)-394(the)-395(tutors)-394(of)-394(M.)-394(Aurelius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-308(the)-308(Peripatetic)-307(Claudius)-308(Severus,)-322(and)-308(Sextus)-308(the)-307(Platonist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-282(Chaeronea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.541 3.958 Td [(1829)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.22 -3.958 Td [(Hence,)-290(although)-283(a)-282(man)-282(in)-282(the)-282(second)-283(century)]TJ -81.761 -13.55 Td [(might)-394(be)-393(labelled)-394(Platonist)-393(or)-394(Stoic,)-429(Cynic)-394(or)-393(Pythagorean,)-429(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-445(often)-445(be)-445(difficult)-445(from)-445(his)-445(moral)-445(teaching)-445(to)-445(discover)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-337(philosophic)-337(ancestry)-336(and)-337(affinities.)-511(And,)-358(just)-337(as)-337(in)-336(modern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christendom,)-239(although)-237(sectarian)-237(landmarks)-236(and)-237(designations)-236(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kept)-486(up,)-546(the)-486(popular)-487(preaching)-486(of)-487(nearly)-486(all)-487(the)-486(sects)-486(tends)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-478(a)-479(certain)-478(uniformity)-478(of)-478(emphasis)-478(on)-479(a)-478(limited)-478(number)-478(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(momentous)-308(moral)-308(truths,)-322(so)-307(the)-308(preaching)-308(of)-308(pagan)-307(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dwells,)-408(almost)-376(to)-377(weariness,)-408(on)-376(the)-376(same)-377(eternal)-376(principles)-376(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(true)-216(gain)-217(and)-216(loss,)-223(of)-217(the)-216(illusions)-216(of)-217(passion,)-223(of)-216(freedom)-216(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(renunciation.)]TJ 11.955 -17.1 Td [(The)-206(moral)-207(teaching)-206(or)-206(preaching)-206(of)-207(the)-206(Antonine)-206(age)-207(naturally)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(adapted)-475(its)-475(tone)-476(to)-475(the)-475(tastes)-475(of)-475(its)-475(audience;)-588(there)-475(was)-475(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discourse)-232(of)-232(the)-232(lecture-room,)-236(and)-232(the)-232(ruder)-231(and)-232(more)-232(boisterous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appeal)-255(to)-255(the)-255(crowd.)-266(Both)-255(passed)-255(under)-255(the)-255(name)-255(of)-255(philosophy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-544(both)-544(often)-544(degraded)-545(that)-544(great)-544(name)-544(by)-544(an)-544(affectation)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 120.961 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.108 Td [(1827)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.65 0 Td [(Phil.)-239(der)-216(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 62.294 0 Td [(iii.)-239(1,)-222(p.)-239(483.)-239(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.424 0 Td [(Les)-216(\311v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.027 0 Td [(p.)-239(384,)-222(les)-216(diff\351rences)]TJ -202.351 -10.959 Td [(des)-373(\351coles)-373(\351taient)-374(\340)-373(peu)-373(pr\350s)-373(effac\351es.)-620(Un)-373(\351clecticisme)-373(superficie)-374(\351tait)-373(\340)-373(la)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(mode.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1828)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(i.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.41 -7.311 Td [(1829)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.889 0 Td [(M.)-250(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.889 0 Td [(c.)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1893 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1894 0 R /Resources 1892 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1891 0 R >> endobj 1892 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1897 0 obj << /Length 5587 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(417)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-396(insincerity)-396(which)-396(cast)-396(discredit)-396(on)-396(a)-396(great)-396(and)-395(beneficent)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([344])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(movement)-231(of)-231(reform.)-243(The)-231(philosophic)-231(lecturer)-231(who)-231(has)-231(a)-230(serious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-487(purpose)-486(is)-487(in)-487(theory)-486(distinguished)-487(from)-487(the)-486(rhetorical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sophist,)-207(who)-195(trades)-196(in)-195(startling)-196(effects,)-207(who)-195(rejoices)-196(in)-195(displaying)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-345(skill)-346(on)-345(any)-345(subject)-345(however)-346(trivial)-345(or)-345(grotesque,)-369(who)-345(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expatiate)-321(on)-321(the)-321(gnat)-321(or)-321(the)-321(parrot,)-339(or)-321(debate)-321(the)-321(propriety)-320(of)-321(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vestal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.873 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-247(marriage.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.431 3.959 Td [(1830)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.153 -3.959 Td [(The)-247(exercises)-246(of)-247(the)-246(rhetorical)-247(school)-246(had)]TJ -99.09 -13.549 Td [(gone)-394(on)-394(for)-394(five)-394(hundred)-394(years,)-430(and,)-430(with)-394(momentous)-394(effects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-437(Roman)-436(culture,)-484(they)-436(were)-437(destined)-437(to)-436(continue)-437(with)-436(little)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(change)-424(till)-425(the)-424(Goths)-424(were)-424(masters)-424(of)-425(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.214 3.959 Td [(1831)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.868 -3.959 Td [(The)-424(greed,)]TJ -232.082 -13.549 Td [(the)-409(frivolity,)-449(and)-409(the)-409(overweening)-409(vanity)-409(of)-409(these)-408(intellectual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acrobats)-297(are)-298(a)-297(commonplace)-297(of)-297(literary)-298(history.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.795 3.959 Td [(1832)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.712 -3.959 Td [(The)-297(sophist)]TJ -229.507 -13.549 Td [(and)-411(the)-411(lecturing)-411(philosopher)-411(were)-411(theoretically)-411(distinct.)-733(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unfortunately)-428(a)-429(mass)-428(of)-428(evidence)-429(goes)-428(to)-428(show)-429(that)-428(in)-428(many)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cases)-178(the)-178(lecturing)-179(philosopher)-178(became)-178(a)-178(mere)-178(showy)-178(rhetorician.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(A)-400(similar)-401(desecration)-400(of)-400(a)-401(serious)-400(mission)-400(is)-401(not)-400(unknown)-400(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modern)-278(times.)-333(The)-277(fault)-278(is)-278(often)-277(not)-278(with)-278(the)-277(preacher,)-285(but)-277(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-360(audience.)-579(If)-359(people)-360(come)-360(not)-359(to)-360(be)-359(made)-360(better,)-387(but)-360(to)-359(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amused,)-371(to)-348(have)-347(their)-347(ears)-347(soothed)-347(by)-347(flowing)-347(declamation,)-371(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-299(a)-299(shallow)-300(intellectual)-299(curiosity)-299(titillated)-299(by)-299(cheap)-299(displays)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-251(verbal)-251(subtlety)-250(or)-251(novelty,)-251(the)-251(unfortunate)-251(preacher)-251(will)-250(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(descend)-291(to)-291(the)-291(level)-291(of)-292(his)-291(audience.)-373(And)-291(in)-291(that)-291(ancient)-291(world,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(according)-330(to)-330(the)-330(testimony)-330(of)-330(Seneca,)-350(Musonius,)-350(Plutarch,)-349(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Epictetus,)-176(the)-157(philosophic)-157(preacher)-157(too)-157(often)-157(was)-157(tempted)-157(to)-157(win)-157(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vulgar)-258(applause)-259(by)-258(vulgar)-258(rhetorical)-259(arts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.201 3.959 Td [(1833)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.44 -3.959 Td [(He)-258(was)-259(sometimes)]TJ -198.641 -13.549 Td [(a)-433(man)-434(of)-433(no)-433(very)-434(serious)-433(purpose,)-479(with)-433(little)-434(real)-433(science)-433(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(originality.)-320(He)-273(had)-273(been)-273(trained)-274(in)-273(the)-273(school)-273(of)-273(rhetoric,)-279(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abhorred)-311(all)-310(serious)-311(thought,)-326(and)-311(deified)-310(the)-311(master)-311(of)-310(luscious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(periods)-223(and)-223(ingenious)-222(turns)-223(of)-223(phrase.)-241(He)-222(was,)-229(besides,)-228(too)-222(often)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.269 Td [(1830)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.378 0 Td [(Moralistes)-250(sous)-250(l)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 61.276 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Emp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(p.)-250(275;)-250(Capes,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.547 0 Td [(Univ.)-250(Life)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.866 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(58)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -219.666 -7.311 Td [(1831)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Roman)-250(Society)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Last)-250(Century)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Western)-250(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 209.696 0 Td [(\0501st)-250(ed.\051,)-250(p.)-250(355.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -224.391 -7.31 Td [(1832)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Capes,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.397 0 Td [(Univ.)-250(Life)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.865 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -76.957 -7.311 Td [(1833)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-254(ii.)-254(19;)-252(iii.)-254(23;)-252(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 91.363 0 Td [(De)-251(Recta)-252(Rat.)-254(Aud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.294 0 Td [(vii.)-254(viii.;)-252(A.)-252(Gell.)-254(v.)-254(i.;)-252(Zeller,)]TJ -174.612 -10.959 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(657.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1896 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1897 0 R /Resources 1895 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1891 0 R >> endobj 1898 0 obj << /D [1896 0 R /XYZ 235.766 518.175 null] >> endobj 1895 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1901 0 obj << /Length 7326 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(418)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-275(mere)-275(vain)-275(and)-276(mercenary)-275(adventurer,)-281(trading)-275(on)-275(an)-275(attenuated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stock)-371(of)-370(philosophic)-371(tradition,)-401(and)-370(a)-371(boundless)-370(command)-371(of)-370(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(versatile)-291(rhetoric,)-302(cultivating)-291(intellectual)-291(insolence)-292(as)-291(a)-291(fine)-291(art,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-342(with)-342(a)-341(servile)-342(craving)-342(for)-342(the)-341(applause)-342(of)-342(his)-342(audience.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1834)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Many)-283(a)-283(scene)-283(in)-283(the)-283(now)-283(faded)-283(history)-283(of)-283(their)-283(failures)-283(or)-283(futile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(triumphs)-426(comes)-427(down)-426(to)-427(us)-426(from)-426(Plutarch)-427(and)-426(Epictetus)-426(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([345])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Philostratus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.251 3.959 Td [(1835)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.524 -3.959 Td [(Sometimes)-475(the)-475(gaps)-474(upon)-475(the)-475(benches,)-531(the)]TJ -80.775 -13.549 Td [(listless,)-393(inattentive)-365(air,)-393(the)-364(slow)-365(feeble)-364(applause,)-393(sent)-365(the)-364(vain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preacher)-347(home)-346(with)-347(gloomy)-346(fears)-347(for)-347(his)-346(popularity.)-540(On)-346(other)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(days,)-491(he)-443(was)-443(lifted)-443(to)-443(the)-443(seventh)-443(heaven)-443(by)-443(an)-443(enthusiastic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(genteel)-359(mob,)-386(who)-359(followed)-358(every)-359(deft)-359(turn)-359(of)-359(expression)-358(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shouts)-416(and)-416(gestures)-416(of)-416(delight,)-457(and)-416(far-fetched)-416(preciosities)-415(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(approbation.)-317(At)-272(the)-272(close,)-278(the)-273(philosophic)-272(performer)-272(goes)-272(about)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-445(his)-446(admirers)-445(to)-445(receive)-445(their)-445(renewed)-446(tribute.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 251.852 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Well,)]TJ -256.696 -13.55 Td [(what)-437(did)-437(you)-437(think)-437(of)-436(me?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 125.034 0 Td [(\035\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.596 0 Td [(Quite)-437(marvellous,)-483(I)-437(swear)-437(by)]TJ -145.63 -13.549 Td [(all)-447(that)-448(is)-447(dear)-448(to)-447(me.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.273 0 Td [(\035\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.596 0 Td [(But)-447(how)-448(did)-447(you)-448(like)-447(the)-447(passage)]TJ -122.869 -13.549 Td [(about)-231(Pan)-231(and)-230(the)-231(nymphs?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.15 0 Td [(\035\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.596 0 Td [(Oh,)-235(superlative!)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.119 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.361 0 Td [(It)-231(is)-231(thus)-230(that)-231(a)]TJ -217.226 -13.549 Td [(real)-292(winner)-291(of)-292(souls)-291(describes)-292(the)-291(impostor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.691 3.959 Td [(1836)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.526 -3.959 Td [(Even)-292(estimable)]TJ -213.217 -13.549 Td [(teachers)-311(did)-311(not)-310(disdain)-311(to)-311(add)-311(to)-311(the)-310(effect)-311(of)-311(their)-311(lectures)-310(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(carefully)-222(polished)-221(eloquence,)-228(an)-221(exquisite)-222(toilet,)-227(and)-222(a)-221(cultivated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dignity.)-544(Such)-348(a)-348(courtly)-348(philosopher)-348(was)-348(Euphrates,)-372(the)-348(Syrian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Stoic,)-416(whose)-383(acquaintance)-382(Pliny)-383(had)-383(made)-382(during)-383(his)-383(term)-382(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(service)-337(in)-337(the)-337(East.)-511(Euphrates)-337(was)-337(stately)-337(and)-337(handsome,)-358(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flowing)-176(hair)-175(and)-176(beard,)-190(and)-175(a)-176(demeanour)-175(which)-176(excited)-175(reverence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-235(overawing)-235(the)-235(hearer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 130.388 3.958 Td [(1837)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.112 -3.958 Td [(Irreproachable)-235(in)-235(his)-235(own)-235(life,)]TJ -149.5 -13.55 Td [(he)-390(condemned)-391(sin,)-425(but)-391(was)-390(merciful)-390(to)-391(the)-390(sinner.)-671(Pliny,)-425(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amiable)-307(man)-308(of)-307(the)-308(world,)-321(who)-308(had)-307(no)-307(serious)-308(vices)-307(to)-307(reform,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(found)-365(Euphrates)-365(a)-365(charming)-365(lecturer,)-394(with)-365(a)-365(subtle)-364(and)-365(ornate)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.27 Td [(1834)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(i.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.444 -7.394 Td [(1835)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.604 0 Td [(Vit.)-386(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.987 0 Td [(i.)-386(iv.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.871 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\270\265\273\263\265)-295(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.502 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.435 0 Td [(\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.269 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.358 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.435 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.193 0 Td [(\306\270\255\263\274\261\304\277\302)-295(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 51.667 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.283 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\367)-295(\345)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.21 0 Td [(\305\270\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.853 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.354 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-216(\263\273\316\304\304\267\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.018 0 Td [(.)-239(A.)-215(Gell.)-239(v.)-238(1,)-223(3;)-227(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 79.273 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.136 0 Td [(108,)-222(\247)-216(6,)-222(non)-216(id)-216(agunt)-215(ut)-216(aliqua)-215(illo)-216(vitia)]TJ -139.071 -10.959 Td [(deponant)-250(sed)-250(ut)-250(oblectamento)-250(aurium)-250(perfruantur.)-250(Cf.)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 227.37 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(i.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -267.472 -7.31 Td [(1836)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-403(iii.)-403(23,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.137 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.684 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\261\257\275\265\303\314\275)-301(\274\265\207)-301(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 53.484 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\300\255)-301(\274\277\271)-301(\237\315)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.74 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.406 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.335 0 Td [(\230\261\305\274\261\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.476 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.658 0 Td [(.)-403(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.164 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Recta)-250(Rat.)-250(Aud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.524 0 Td [(c.)-250(viii.;)-250(cf.)-250(Hatch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.746 0 Td [(Hibbert)-250(Lec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.567 0 Td [(p.)-250(95.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -173.576 -7.311 Td [(1837)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(10.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1900 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1901 0 R /Resources 1899 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1891 0 R >> endobj 1902 0 obj << /D [1900 0 R /XYZ 225.891 450.429 null] >> endobj 1899 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1905 0 obj << /Length 6084 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(419)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(style)-357(which)-358(was)-357(entirely)-357(to)-358(his)-357(taste.)-572(He)-357(treats)-358(Euphrates)-357(as)-357(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rhetorician)-316(rather)-315(than)-316(as)-315(a)-316(philosopher)-316(with)-315(a)-316(solemn)-315(message)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-243(deliver.)-247(To)-243(serious)-242(moralists)-243(like)-242(Seneca,)-244(Musonius,)-244(Plutarch,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-465(Epictetus)-466(the)-465(showy)-465(professor)-466(of)-465(the)-465(art)-466(of)-465(arts)-465(was)-465(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(offence.)-843(With)-448(their)-447(lofty)-448(conception)-448(of)-447(the)-448(task)-448(of)-447(practical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy,)-482(they)-436(could)-435(only)-436(feel)-436(contempt)-435(or)-436(indignation)-435(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-402(polished)-401(exquisite)-402(who)-401(trimmed)-402(or)-402(inflated)-401(his)-402(periods)-401(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(please)-244(the)-245(ears)-244(of)-245(fashionable)-244(audiences.)-248(They)-245(all)-244(condemn)-244(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(performances)-437(in)-436(almost)-437(identical)-437(terms.)-810(The)-436(mission)-437(of)-436(true)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(philosophy)-238(is)-238(to)-238(make)-238(men)-237(examine)-238(themselves,)-241(to)-238(excite)-237(shame)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-220(pain)-220(and)-221(penitence,)-226(to)-220(reveal)-220(a)-220(law)-221(of)-220(life)-220(and)-220(moral)-220(freedom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-252(may)-253(lead)-252(to)-253(amendment)-252(and)-252(peace.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.84 3.959 Td [(1838)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.243 -3.959 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(There)-252(is)-253(no)-252(good)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 84.097 0 Td [([346])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(in)-387(a)-387(bath)-388(or)-387(in)-387(a)-387(discourse)-387(which)-388(does)-387(not)-387(cleanse.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 233.41 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.068 0 Td [(The)-387(true)]TJ -242.478 -13.549 Td [(disciple)-354(and)-354(the)-354(true)-354(teacher)-355(will)-354(be)-354(too)-354(much)-354(absorbed)-354(in)-354(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gravity)-260(of)-261(the)-260(business)-260(to)-261(think)-260(of)-260(the)-260(pleasure)-261(of)-260(mere)-260(style.)-281(To)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(make)-214(aesthetic)-214(effect)-214(the)-214(object)-215(of)-214(such)-214(discourses,)-221(when)-214(the)-214(fate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-330(character)-331(is)-330(at)-331(stake,)-350(is)-331(to)-330(turn)-331(the)-330(school)-331(into)-330(a)-330(theatre)-331(or)-330(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(music-hall,)-250(the)-250(philosopher)-250(into)-250(a)-250(flute-player.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.701 3.959 Td [(1839)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -190.746 -22.187 Td [(The)-212(volume)-212(and)-212(unanimity)-213(of)-212(these)-212(criticisms)-212(of)-212(the)-212(rhetorical)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(philosopher)-323(show)-324(that)-324(such)-323(men)-324(abounded;)-360(but)-323(they)-324(also)-323(show)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-238(there)-238(must)-238(have)-238(been)-239(a)-238(great)-238(mass)-238(of)-238(serious)-238(teachers)-238(whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-175(travestied.)-225(It)-176(has)-175(perhaps)-175(been)-176(too)-175(little)-175(recognised)-176(that)-175(in)-175(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-240(and)-240(second)-240(centuries)-240(there)-240(was)-240(a)-240(great)-239(propaganda)-240(of)-240(pagan)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(morality)-364(running)-365(parallel)-364(to)-364(the)-365(evangelism)-364(of)-364(the)-365(Church.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.191 3.959 Td [(1840)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.191 -17.508 Td [(The)-467(preaching)-467(was)-467(of)-467(very)-468(different)-467(kinds,)-521(according)-467(to)-467(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-444(of)-443(the)-444(audiences.)-831(The)-443(preachers,)-492(as)-444(we)-444(have)-443(said,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belonged)-250(to)-251(all)-250(the)-250(different)-251(schools,)-250(Stoic)-250(or)-251(Platonist,)-250(Cynic)-250(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pythagorean;)-423(sometimes,)-394(like)-365(Dion,)-394(they)-365(owed)-365(little)-365(academic)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 131.879 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.067 Td [(1838)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-250(iii.)-250(21;)-250(ii.)-250(1;)-250(ii.)-250(23;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 108.86 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(108,)-250(\247)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -138 -7.311 Td [(1839)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(A.)-394(Gell.)-683(v.)-683(1,)-430(2,)-431(tum)-394(scias)-394(neque)-395(illi)-394(philosophum)-394(loqui)-394(sed)-395(tibicinem)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(canere.)-256(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.367 0 Td [(Vit.)-256(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.432 0 Td [(iii.)-256(3,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.001 0 Td [(\345)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\305\270\274\277\315\302)-252(\304\265)-252(\300\277\271\272\271\273\311\304\255\301\277\305\302)-252(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 100.242 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.199 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.805 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.895 0 Td [(\273\315\301\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -258.052 -10.958 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\303\267\263\254\263\265\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.628 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.755 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-250(\273\314\263\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.257 0 Td [(.)-250(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.344 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxv.)-250(\247\247)-250(7,)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -146.166 -7.311 Td [(1840)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(For)-268(a)-269(comparative)-268(estimate)-268(see)-268(Capes,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 140.72 0 Td [(Univ.)-305(Life)-268(in)-268(Ancient)-269(Athens)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 102.349 0 Td [(,)-273(p.)-305(90;)]TJ -255.024 -10.959 Td [(Hatch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.894 0 Td [(Hibbert)-250(Lec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.567 0 Td [(p.)-250(105.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1904 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1905 0 R /Resources 1903 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1891 0 R >> endobj 1906 0 obj << /D [1904 0 R /XYZ 248.854 369.134 null] >> endobj 1903 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1909 0 obj << /Length 6592 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(420)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(allegiance)-202(at)-202(all.)-234(Sometimes)-201(the)-202(preaching)-202(approached)-202(to)-201(modern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conceptions)-268(of)-268(its)-268(office;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.75 3.959 Td [(1841)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.459 -3.959 Td [(at)-268(others,)-272(it)-268(dealt)-268(with)-268(subjects)-268(and)]TJ -128.209 -13.549 Td [(used)-201(a)-202(style)-201(unknown)-201(to)-201(our)-202(pulpits.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 154.688 3.959 Td [(1842)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.988 -3.959 Td [(The)-201(life)-202(of)-201(Apollonius)-201(of)]TJ -173.676 -13.549 Td [(Tyana)-199(may)-199(be)-199(a)-200(romance;)-216(it)-199(certainly)-199(contains)-199(many)-199(narratives)-199(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(miracles)-291(and)-290(wonders)-291(which)-291(cast)-291(a)-290(suspicion)-291(upon)-291(its)-290(historical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(value.)-270(Yet)-256(even)-257(a)-256(romance)-257(must)-256(have)-257(real)-256(facts)-257(behind)-256(to)-257(give)-256(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probability,)-336(and)-319(the)-319(preaching,)-336(at)-319(least,)-336(of)-319(Apollonius)-319(seems)-318(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belong)-341(to)-342(the)-341(world)-341(of)-342(reality.)-524(Apollonius)-341(was)-341(probably)-341(much)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nearer)-203(to)-203(the)-202(true)-203(ecclesiastic)-203(and)-203(priest)-202(of)-203(modern)-203(times)-203(than)-202(any)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ancient)-257(preacher.)-272(He)-258(had)-257(been)-257(trained)-258(in)-257(all)-257(the)-257(philosophies;)-261(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-300(drunk)-300(inspiration)-300(from)-299(the)-300(fountain)-300(of)-300(all)-300(spiritual)-299(religion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-423(East.)-768(He)-422(was)-423(both)-422(a)-423(mystic)-423(and)-422(a)-423(ritualist.)-768(He)-422(rejoiced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-365(converse)-365(with)-364(the)-365(Brahmans,)-393(and)-365(he)-365(occupied)-365(himself)-364(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-279(revival)-278(or)-279(reform)-278(of)-278(the)-279(ritual)-278(in)-279(countless)-278(Greek)-279(and)-278(Italian)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(temples.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.666 3.959 Td [(1843)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.791 -3.959 Td [(He)-391(had)-392(an)-391(immense)-391(and)-392(curious)-391(faith)-391(in)-392(ancient)]TJ -60.457 -13.549 Td [(legend.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.811 3.959 Td [(1844)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.019 -3.959 Td [(The)-210(man)-210(who)-209(could)-210(busy)-210(himself)-210(with)-209(the)-210(restoration)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -123.586 0 Td [([347])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(of)-292(the)-292(true)-293(antique)-292(form)-292(of)-292(an)-292(obsolete)-293(rite)-292(at)-292(Eleusis)-292(or)-292(Athens)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-407(Dodona,)-447(also)-407(held)-407(conceptions)-407(of)-407(prayer)-407(and)-407(sacrifice)-407(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mystic)-312(communion)-312(with)-312(God,)-327(which)-312(might)-312(seem)-311(irreconcilable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-336(any)-335(rigidly)-336(formal)-335(worship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 145.848 3.959 Td [(1845)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.967 -3.959 Td [(The)-336(ritualist)-335(was)-336(also)-335(the)]TJ -167.815 -13.549 Td [(preacher)-396(of)-397(a)-396(higher)-397(moralit)1(y.)-690(From)-396(the)-396(steps)-397(of)-396(the)-396(temples)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-331(used)-331(to)-331(address)-331(great)-331(audiences)-331(on)-331(their)-331(conspicuous)-331(faults,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-391(Dion)-392(did)-391(after)-392(him.)-674(In)-391(the)-392(parable)-391(of)-391(the)-392(sparrow)-391(who)-391(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-303(twitter)-302(called)-303(his)-302(brethren)-303(to)-303(a)-302(heap)-303(of)-302(spilt)-303(grain,)-316(he)-302(taught)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-290(people)-291(of)-290(Ephesus)-290(the)-291(duty)-290(of)-290(brotherly)-291(helpfulness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.425 3.959 Td [(1846)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.485 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(found)-308(Smyrna)-307(torn)-308(by)-308(factious)-308(strife,)-322(and)-307(he)-308(preached)-308(a)-307(rivalry)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.551 Td [(1841)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.795 0 Td [(Apoll.)-296(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.874 0 Td [(iv.)-296(3;)-272(iv.)-296(42;)-273(D.)-265(Chrys.)-296(xxxiii.)-295(\247)-265(28;)-273(xxxiv.)-296(\247)-265(4;)-273(xl.)-295(\247)]TJ -91.625 -10.959 Td [(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1842)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(A.)-250(Gell.)-250(xii.)-250(1,)-250(nihil,)-250(inquit,)-250(dubito)-250(quin)-250(filium)-250(lacte)-250(suo)-250(nutritura)-250(sit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1843)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iii.)-250(41)-250(sqq.;)-250(iv.)-250(24;)-250(iv.)-250(18,)-250(20;)-250(i.)-250(11;)-250(i.)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.41 -7.31 Td [(1844)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(13,)-250(16,)-250(19,)-250(20,)-250(33;)-250(vi.)-250(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1845)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.329 0 Td [(Apoll.)-244(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.103 0 Td [(v.)-244(25,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 22.223 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.537 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.837 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-231(\304\261\315\301\311\275)-231(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.613 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\274\261)-231(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.892 0 Td [(v)-231(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.172 0 Td [(\300\314\303\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.247 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\270\315\265\304\277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.107 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.347 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.057 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\265\271)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.045 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\304\277\271\254\264\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.725 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -81.375 -7.311 Td [(1846)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1908 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1909 0 R /Resources 1907 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1891 0 R >> endobj 1910 0 obj << /D [1908 0 R /XYZ 290.211 314.937 null] >> endobj 1907 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1913 0 obj << /Length 7226 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(421)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-430(public)-430(spirit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 70.902 3.959 Td [(1847)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.061 -3.959 Td [(Even)-430(at)-430(Olympia,)-475(before)-431(a)-430(crowd)-430(intent)]TJ -95.963 -13.549 Td [(on)-411(the)-410(strife)-411(of)-411(racers)-411(and)-410(boxers)-411(and)-411(athletes,)-451(he)-410(discoursed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-369(wisdom)-370(and)-369(courage)-369(and)-369(temperance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.641 3.959 Td [(1848)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.069 -3.959 Td [(At)-369(Rome,)-399(under)]TJ -207.709 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(tyranny)-329(of)-329(Nero,)-349(he)-330(moved)-329(from)-329(temple)-329(to)-329(temple)-329(exciting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-480(religious)-481(revival)-480(by)-480(his)-480(preaching.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.899 3.959 Td [(1849)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.703 -3.959 Td [(One)-480(text,)-538(perhaps,)]TJ -195.602 -13.549 Td [(contains)-217(a)-217(truth)-217(for)-217(all)-217(generations)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 147.569 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(My)-217(prayer)-217(before)-217(the)-217(altars)]TJ -163.322 -13.549 Td [(is)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 7.276 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Grant)-255(me,)-256(ye)-255(Gods,)-256(what)-255(is)-254(my)-255(due.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.344 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1850)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.218 -3.959 Td [(What)-255(effect)-255(on)-255(the)]TJ -199.591 -13.549 Td [(masses)-301(such)-300(preaching)-301(had)-301(we)-301(cannot)-300(tell)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 185.099 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(who)-301(can)-300(tell)-301(at)-301(any)]TJ -196.008 -13.549 Td [(time?)-352(But)-284(there)-284(are)-284(well-attested)-284(cases)-284(of)-284(individual)-284(conversion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(under)-379(pagan)-379(preaching.)-637(Polemon,)-411(the)-379(son)-379(of)-379(a)-379(rich)-379(Athenian,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-351(a)-350(very)-351(dissolute)-350(youth)-351(who)-350(squandered)-351(his)-350(wealth)-351(on)-350(low)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pleasure.)-860(Once,)-505(coming)-453(from)-453(some)-454(revel,)-504(he)-454(burst)-453(with)-453(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(companions)-268(into)-267(the)-268(lecture)-268(room)-268(of)-267(Xenocrates,)-273(who)-267(happened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-319(be)-318(discoursing)-319(on)-319(temperance.)-456(Xenocrates)-319(calmly)-318(continued)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-395(remarks.)-687(The)-395(tipsy)-396(youth)-395(listened)-396(for)-395(a)-396(while,)-432(then)-395(flung)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(away)-297(his)-297(garland,)-309(and)-298(with)-297(it)-297(also)-297(his)-297(evil)-298(ways;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.835 3.959 Td [(1851)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.938 -3.959 Td [(he)-297(became)]TJ -233.773 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(head)-272(of)-272(the)-272(Academy.)-316(A)-272(similar)-272(change)-272(was)-271(wrought)-272(by)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(teaching)-257(of)-256(Apollonius)-257(on)-257(a)-257(debauched)-256(youth)-257(of)-257(Corcyra,)-258(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-203(need)-202(not)-203(doubt)-203(although)-203(it)-203(was)-202(accompanied)-203(by)-203(a)-203(miracle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.191 3.958 Td [(1852)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -252.236 -21.406 Td [(Musonius,)-522(another)-467(preacher,)-522(was)-467(a)-467(younger)-468(contemporary)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(of)-387(Apollonius.)-661(His)-387(fame)-387(as)-387(an)-387(apostle)-387(of)-386(the)-387(philosophic)-387(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aroused)-233(the)-233(suspicions)-233(of)-233(Nero,)-236(and)-233(he)-233(was)-233(exiled)-234(to)-233(Gyarus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.191 3.958 Td [(1853)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.191 -17.508 Td [(The)-371(suspicion)-371(may)-371(have)-371(been)-371(confirmed)-371(by)-371(his)-370(intimacy)-371(with)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.023 0 Td [([348])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(Rubellius)-243(Plautus)-243(and)-243(great)-243(Stoics)-243(like)-243(Thrasea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.708 3.959 Td [(1854)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.14 -3.959 Td [(He)-243(met)-243(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 187.896 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 181.083 Td [(1847)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1848)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1849)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1850)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(11;)-250(iv.)-250(40,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.585 0 Td [(f)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\264\265)-250(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.069 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\307\277\274\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.999 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(f)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\270\265\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.705 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\264\277\257\267\304\255)-250(\274\277\271)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.079 0 Td [(p)-250(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.414 0 Td [(\306\265\271\273\314\274\265\275\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.174 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -243.373 -7.394 Td [(1851)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Diog.)-585(Laert.)-585(iv.)-585(3,)-390(1,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 86.728 0 Td [(\272\261\257)-362(\300\277\304\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.206 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.971 0 Td [(\274\265\270\315\311\275)-362(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.964 0 Td [(v)-362(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.645 0 Td [(\303\304\265\306\261\275\311\274\255\275\277\302)-362(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.434 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-362(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.756 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.083 -10.959 Td [(\236\265\275\277\272\301\254\304\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.92 0 Td [(\226)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\276\265)-271(\303\307\277\273\256\275)-270(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.885 0 Td [(.:)-291(Epict.)-312(iii.)-312(1,)-275(\247)-271(14;)-281(Hor.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 92.888 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.127 0 Td [(ii.)-312(3,)-275(253,)-276(quaero,)]TJ -216.608 -10.959 Td [(faciasne,)-281(quod)-274(olim)-275(Mutatus)-274(Polemon?)-324(Cf.)-324(the)-274(conversion)-275(of)-274(Isaeus,)-281(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 0 -10.959 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.362 0 Td [(i.)-250(217.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -40.102 -7.394 Td [(1852)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(iv.)-250(20;)-250(cf.)-250(i.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.411 -7.395 Td [(1853)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(16;)-250(cf.)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.026 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(71;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxii.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -102.601 -7.394 Td [(1854)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xv.)-250(71;)-250(xiv.)-250(59;)-250(Epict.)-250(i.)-250(1,)-250(27.)-250(The)-250(Rufus)-250(is)-250(Musonius)-250(Rufus.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1912 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1913 0 R /Resources 1911 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1915 0 R >> endobj 1914 0 obj << /D [1912 0 R /XYZ 46.771 216.194 null] >> endobj 1911 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1918 0 obj << /Length 5947 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(422)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(gentler)-375(treatment)-374(under)-375(the)-374(Flavians,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.712 3.959 Td [(1855)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.864 -3.959 Td [(and)-375(he)-374(probably)-375(saw)]TJ -186.576 -13.549 Td [(the)-321(reign)-321(of)-321(Trajan.)-463(He)-321(is)-321(not)-321(known)-321(to)-321(have)-321(written)-320(anything.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-347(fragments)-346(of)-347(his)-346(teaching)-346(in)-347(Stobaeus)-346(are)-347(probably)-346(drawn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-280(notes)-281(of)-280(his)-280(lectures,)-288(as)-280(the)-280(teaching)-281(of)-280(Epictetus)-280(has)-280(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(preserved)-292(by)-293(Arrian.)-376(Musonius)-292(is)-293(not)-292(a)-292(speculative)-292(philosopher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-391(a)-392(physician)-391(of)-392(souls.)-674(Philosophy)-391(is)-391(the)-392(way)-391(to)-391(goodness:)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(goodness)-336(is)-336(the)-335(goal)-336(of)-336(philosophy.)-507(And)-336(philosophy)-336(is)-336(not)-335(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monopoly)-335(of)-335(an)-335(intellectual)-335(caste;)-378(it)-335(is)-335(a)-335(matter)-335(of)-335(precept)-335(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practice,)-326(not)-311(of)-310(theory.)-432(The)-311(true)-311(moral)-310(teacher,)-326(working)-311(on)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(germ)-275(of)-275(virtue)-275(which)-275(there)-276(is)-275(in)-275(each)-275(human)-275(soul,)-281(thinking)-275(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-400(reforming)-399(his)-400(disciples,)-437(and)-400(nothing)-399(of)-400(applause,)-437(may)-399(win)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-242(to)-241(his)-241(ideal.)-248(Musonius)-241(fortified)-242(the)-241(austere)-242(Stoic)-241(and)-241(Cynic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(precepts)-271(by)-271(the)-271(ascetic)-270(discipline)-271(of)-271(the)-271(Pythagorean)-271(school.)-312(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taught)-275(the)-275(forgiveness)-275(of)-275(injuries)-275(and)-275(gentleness)-275(to)-275(wrongdoers.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-212(is)-211(one)-212(of)-212(the)-211(few)-212(in)-211(the)-212(ancient)-212(world)-211(who)-212(have)-212(a)-211(glimpse)-212(of)-211(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remote)-248(ideal)-247(of)-248(sexual)-248(virtue.)-249(While)-248(his)-247(ascetic)-248(principles)-248(do)-247(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lead)-287(him)-287(to)-287(look)-287(askance)-287(at)-286(honourable)-287(marriage,)-297(he)-286(denounces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-247(unchastity,)-247(and)-247(demands)-246(equal)-247(virtue)-247(in)-246(man)-247(and)-247(woman.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1856)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(He)-280(was,)-287(according)-280(to)-280(Epictetus,)-287(a)-280(searching)-280(preacher.)-340(He)-279(spoke)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-371(the)-371(conscience,)-401(so)-371(that)-371(each)-370(hearer)-371(felt)-371(as)-371(if)-371(his)-371(own)-370(faults)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-477(set)-477(before)-477(his)-477(eyes.)-932(His)-477(name)-477(will)-477(go)-477(down)-477(for)-477(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-452(the)-452(pages)-452(of)-452(Tacitus.)-856(When)-452(the)-452(troops)-452(of)-452(Vespasian)-451(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vitellius)-295(were)-295(fighting)-295(in)-295(the)-295(lanes)-295(and)-295(gardens)-295(under)-295(the)-295(walls)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-306(Rome,)-320(Musonius)-306(joined)-306(the)-306(envoys)-306(of)-306(the)-306(Senate,)-320(and)-306(at)-305(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(risk)-251(of)-250(his)-251(life)-250(harangued)-251(the)-250(infuriated)-251(soldiery)-250(on)-251(the)-250(blessings)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-383(peace)-382(and)-383(the)-382(horrors)-383(of)-383(civil)-382(war.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.285 3.959 Td [(1857)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.504 -3.959 Td [(Many)-383(of)-382(the)-383(moral)]TJ -194.789 -13.549 Td [(treatises)-236(of)-235(Plutarch)-236(are)-235(probably)-236(redacted)-236(from)-235(notes)-236(of)-235(lectures)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(delivered)-246(in)-245(Rome.)-249(As)-245(we)-246(shall)-246(see)-245(in)-246(a)-246(later)-245(chapter,)-247(Plutarch)-245(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rather)-322(a)-323(moral)-322(director)-323(and)-322(theologian)-323(than)-322(a)-323(preacher.)-467(But)-322(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wide)-257(knowledge)-257(of)-257(human)-257(nature,)-259(his)-257(keen)-257(analysis)-256(of)-257(character)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.213 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.317 Td [(1855)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-373(Cass.)-620(lxvi.)-619(13,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 73.374 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\261\302)-373(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-373(\306\271\273\277\303\314\306\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.046 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.81 0 Td [(\237)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.38 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\265\303\300\261\303\271\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.65 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-373(\300\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.453 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-373(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.213 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\234\277\305\303\311\275\257\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.236 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.67 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(\316\274\267\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.797 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\276\255\262\261\273\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.366 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -130.385 -7.395 Td [(1856)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(pp.)-250(651-658.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.596 -7.394 Td [(1857)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(iii.)-250(81.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1917 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1918 0 R /Resources 1916 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1915 0 R >> endobj 1919 0 obj << /D [1917 0 R /XYZ 165.017 77.345 null] >> endobj 1916 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1922 0 obj << /Length 6552 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(423)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-389(motive)-388(and)-389(human)-388(weakness,)-424(his)-388(spiritual)-389(discernment)-388(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discovering)-251(remedies)-250(and)-251(sources)-251(of)-251(strength,)-250(above)-251(all)-251(his)-250(lofty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-335(ideal,)-356(would)-335(have)-335(made)-334(him)-335(a)-335(powerful)-335(preacher)-335(in)-334(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-423(of)-423(the)-423(world.)-768(But)-423(it)-423(is)-423(in)-423(the)-423(discourses)-423(of)-423(Maximus)-422(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([349])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(Tyre)-458(that)-457(we)-458(have)-458(perhaps)-458(the)-457(nearest)-458(approach)-458(in)-457(antiquity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-396(our)-396(conception)-395(of)-396(the)-396(sermon.)-687(Probably)-396(if)-396(any)-396(of)-396(us)-395(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(asked)-405(to)-405(explain)-405(that)-405(conception,)-444(he)-405(might)-405(say)-405(that)-404(a)-405(sermon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-420(founded)-420(on)-419(some)-420(definite)-420(idea)-420(of)-419(the)-420(relation)-420(of)-420(man)-419(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-300(Infinite)-301(Spirit,)-313(that)-300(its)-301(object)-300(was,)-313(on)-300(the)-301(one)-300(hand,)-313(to)-300(bring)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(man)-293(into)-293(communion)-293(with)-292(God,)-304(and,)-304(on)-292(the)-293(other,)-304(to)-293(teach)-292(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-419(duty)-420(to)-419(his)-419(fellowmen)-419(and)-420(to)-419(himself.)-758(The)-419(discourses)-419(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Maximus)-437(have)-437(all)-436(these)-437(characteristics.)-810(Maximus)-437(of)-437(Tyre)-436(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-340(known)-339(now,)-363(and)-339(although)-340(to)-340(the)-339(historian)-340(of)-340(thought)-339(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-430(life)-429(he)-430(is)-430(attractive,)-475(he)-429(has)-430(not)-430(the)-429(strength)-430(of)-430(a)-429(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(personality.)-411(Yet,)-316(along)-304(with)-304(Plutarch,)-316(he)-304(shows)-303(us)-304(paganism)-303(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-362(best,)-389(striving)-362(to)-362(reform)-361(itself,)-390(groping)-361(after)-362(new)-362(sources)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-253(strength,)-254(trying)-253(to)-253(wed)-254(new)-253(and)-253(purer)-253(spiritual)-253(ideals)-253(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-322(worn-out)-322(mythology)-322(of)-322(the)-322(past.)-466(Maximus)-322(is)-322(very)-322(much)-322(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-359(position)-359(of)-359(one)-358(of)-359(our)-359(divines)-359(who)-359(finds)-359(himself)-359(bound)-358(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(duty)-230(to)-229(edify)-230(the)-230(spiritual)-229(life)-230(of)-230(his)-229(flock,)-234(without)-230(disowning)-229(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-377(traditions)-376(of)-377(the)-377(past,)-408(and)-377(without)-376(refusing)-377(to)-376(accept)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-320(ever-broadening)-320(revelation)-320(of)-321(God.)-460(Some)-320(of)-320(his)-320(discourses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-295(seem)-295(to)-295(us)-295(frigid)-295(and)-295(scholastic,)-306(with)-295(a)-295(literary)-295(rather)-295(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-366(religious)-365(interest.)-597(But)-366(in)-366(others,)-394(there)-366(is)-366(a)-365(combination)-366(of)-365(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(systematic)-282(theology)-281(with)-282(a)-281(mystic)-281(fervour)-282(and)-281(a)-282(moral)-281(purpose,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(seems)-250(hardly)-250(to)-250(belong)-250(to)-250(the)-250(ancient)-250(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 222.698 3.959 Td [(1858)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -210.742 -19.968 Td [(In)-543(his)-543(oration)-542(to)-543(the)-543(Alexandrians,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.042 3.959 Td [(1859)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.158 -3.959 Td [(Dion)-543(Chrysostom)]TJ -200.156 -13.549 Td [(speaks)-348(with)-349(unwonted)-348(asperity)-348(of)-348(the)-348(Cynics,)-373(haranguing)-348(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(coarse)-476(buffoonery)-477(a)-476(gaping)-476(crowd)-476(in)-477(the)-476(squares)-476(and)-476(alleys)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-460(in)-460(the)-459(porches)-460(of)-460(the)-460(temples.)-879(He)-460(thinks)-460(that)-460(these)-459(men)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.968 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.072 Td [(1858)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-248(Tyr.)-247(v.)-248(viii.)-247(\247\247)-243(3,)-244(10;)-245(xi.;)-245(xiv.)-248(\247)-242(8;)-246(xvii.)-247(For)-243(the)-242(little)-243(known)-243(of)-242(him,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 262.452 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -274.407 -10.959 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.894 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.007 0 Td [(iii.)-250(2.)-250(p.)-250(182,)-250(n.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.641 -7.394 Td [(1859)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-203(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.303 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.027 0 Td [(xxxii.)-234(\247)-204(9,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 37.717 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(W)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\271)-203(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.076 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.589 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.46 0 Td [(\232\305\275\271\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.949 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.809 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-203(\304\265)-204(\304\301\271\314\264\277\271\302)-203(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 57.215 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.46 0 Td [(\303\304\265\275\311\300\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.911 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\300\305\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.997 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.71 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.052 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\263\265\257\301\277\305\303\271)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.402 0 Td [(v)-250(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.585 0 Td [(\300\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.279 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\303\271)-250(\300\261\271\264\254\301\271\261)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 53.377 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\275\261\315\304\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.021 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1921 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1922 0 R /Resources 1920 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1915 0 R >> endobj 1923 0 obj << /D [1921 0 R /XYZ 190.781 477.528 null] >> endobj 1920 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1926 0 obj << /Length 5621 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(424)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(are)-329(doing)-329(no)-329(good,)-349(but)-329(rather)-329(bringing)-329(the)-329(name)-329(of)-329(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-345(contempt.)-537(It)-345(is)-346(hardly)-345(necessary)-346(to)-345(remind)-346(the)-345(reader)-345(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-321(view)-322(of)-321(the)-321(Cynic)-322(profession)-321(was)-321(very)-322(general)-321(in)-321(that)-321(age.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-350(vulgar)-350(Cynic,)-376(with)-350(his)-350(unkempt)-350(beard,)-375(his)-350(mantle,)-375(wallet,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-353(staff,)-379(his)-352(filth)-353(and)-353(rudeness)-353(and)-353(obscenity,)-379(insulting)-352(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passer-by)-358(with)-358(insolent)-358(questions,)-385(exchanging)-358(coarse)-358(jests)-358(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(jeers)-335(with)-334(the)-335(vagabond)-335(mob)-334(which)-335(gathers)-334(at)-335(his)-335(approach,)-355(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-226(commonest)-225(figure)-226(in)-226(Greek)-225(and)-226(Roman)-226(literature)-225(of)-226(the)-225(time.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.443 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(mendicant)-411(monks)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.021 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.322 0 Td [(of)-411(paganism)-410(have)-411(been)-410(painted)-411(with)]TJ -114.629 -13.55 Td [(all)-371(the)-371(vices)-371(of)-371(the)-370(dog)-371(and)-371(ape)-371(by)-371(Martial)-371(and)-371(Petronius)-370(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([350])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Seneca,)-411(by)-379(Dion)-379(and)-378(Athenaeus)-379(and)-379(Alciphron)-379(and)-378(Epictetus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(above)-488(all)-487(by)-488(Lucian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.849 3.959 Td [(1860)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.941 -3.959 Td [(The)-488(great)-487(foe)-488(of)-487(all)-488(extravagance)]TJ -123.79 -13.549 Td [(or)-365(enthusiasm)-364(in)-365(religion)-365(and)-365(philosophy)-364(fastened)-365(on)-365(the)-364(later)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(followers)-426(of)-427(Diogenes)-426(with)-427(peculiar)-426(bitterness.)-779(His)-426(hostility,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-388(may)-388(surmise,)-423(is)-388(directed)-388(not)-388(against)-388(their)-388(tenets,)-422(but)-388(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(want)-300(of)-301(decent)-300(culture.)-401(In)-301(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 134.97 0 Td [(Banquet)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(,)-313(the)-300(Cynic)-301(Alcidamas)-300(is)]TJ -171.33 -13.549 Td [(drawn)-273(with)-274(a)-273(coarse)-273(vigour)-274(of)-273(touch)-273(which)-274(is)-273(intended)-273(to)-273(match)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-392(coarseness)-392(of)-392(the)-392(subject.)-676(He)-392(bursts)-392(into)-392(the)-392(dinner-party)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-336(Aristaenetus)-335(uninvited,)-357(to)-335(the)-336(terror)-336(of)-335(the)-336(company,)-356(ranges)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(about)-351(the)-350(room,)-376(snatching)-351(tit-bits)-350(from)-351(the)-351(dishes)-350(as)-351(they)-350(pass)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him,)-504(and)-454(finally)-454(sinks)-453(down)-454(upon)-453(the)-454(floor)-453(beside)-454(a)-453(mighty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flagon)-443(of)-442(strong)-443(wine.)-828(He)-443(drinks)-443(to)-443(the)-442(bride)-443(in)-443(no)-442(elegant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fashion,)-454(challenges)-413(the)-414(jester)-413(to)-413(fight,)-454(and,)-455(when)-413(the)-413(lamp)-413(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extinguished)-412(in)-413(the)-412(obscene)-413(tumult,)-453(is)-412(finally)-413(found)-412(trying)-412(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(embrace)-223(the)-224(dancing)-223(girl.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 110.007 3.959 Td [(1861)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.959 Td [(But)-223(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.494 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-223(bitterest)-224(attack)-223(on)-223(the)]TJ -181.202 -13.549 Td [(class)-294(is)-294(perhaps)-294(delivered)-293(in)-294(the)-294(dialogue)-294(entitled)-294(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 237.299 0 Td [(Fugitives)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.604 0 Td [(.)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(Philosophy,)-449(in)-409(the)-410(form)-409(of)-409(a)-410(woman)-409(bathed)-409(in)-409(tears,)-449(appears)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-202(the)-203(Father)-202(of)-202(the)-203(gods.)-234(That)-202(kindly)-202(potentate)-203(is)-202(affected)-202(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(her)-251(grief,)-250(and)-251(inquires)-250(the)-251(cause)-250(of)-250(it.)-252(Philosophy,)-251(who)-250(had)-250(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commissioned)-262(by)-261(Zeus)-262(to)-262(bring)-261(healing)-262(and)-262(peace)-261(to)-262(human)-261(life)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 102.988 Td [(1860)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.208 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.536 0 Td [(5,)-263(\247)-260(1;)-265(29,)-263(\247)-260(1;)-266(Mart.)-280(iv.)-281(53,)-263(cum)-260(baculo)-260(peraque)-261(senem)-260(...)-281(cui)-260(dat)]TJ -44.7 -10.958 Td [(latratos)-286(obvia)-285(turba)-286(cibos;)-303(Epict.)-357(iii.)-357(22;)-304(D.)-285(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 186.181 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.765 0 Td [(xxxiv.)-357(\247)-286(2;)-303(Athen.)-357(iii.)]TJ -200.946 -10.959 Td [(113;)-250(Petron.)-250(14;)-250(Aleiphr.)-250(iii.)-250(55;)-250(Caspari,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 149.192 0 Td [(De)-250(Cynicis)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.595 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -191.526 -7.311 Td [(1861)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Conviv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.884 0 Td [(c.)-250(16,)-250(35,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1925 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1926 0 R /Resources 1924 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1915 0 R >> endobj 1927 0 obj << /D [1925 0 R /XYZ 358.42 396.232 null] >> endobj 1924 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1930 0 obj << /Length 7716 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(425)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-264(all)-264(its)-264(confusion)-264(and)-264(ignorance)-265(and)-264(violence,)-267(then)-264(unfolds)-264(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tale)-205(of)-206(her)-205(wrongs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.332 3.959 Td [(1862)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.002 -3.959 Td [(It)-205(is)-205(a)-206(picture)-205(of)-205(vulgar)-205(pretence,)-215(by)-205(which)]TJ -99.334 -13.549 Td [(her)-238(fair)-238(name)-237(has)-238(been)-238(besmirched)-238(and)-238(disgraced.)-246(Observing)-237(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(love)-230(and)-231(reverence)-230(which)-230(her)-231(true)-230(servants)-230(may)-231(win)-230(from)-230(men,)-234(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(base)-284(crew)-284(of)-284(ignorant)-284(fellows,)-292(trained)-284(in)-284(the)-284(lowest)-283(handicrafts,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-379(forsaken)-379(them,)-412(to)-379(assume)-379(the)-379(garb)-380(and)-379(name)-379(of)-379(her)-379(real)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(followers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.931 3.959 Td [(1863)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.9 -3.959 Td [(It)-425(is)-425(a)-426(pleasant)-425(change)-425(from)-425(a)-425(life)-426(of)-425(toil)-425(and)]TJ -68.831 -13.549 Td [(danger)-325(and)-325(hardship,)-343(to)-325(an)-325(easy)-325(vagabond)-324(existence,)-344(nor)-325(is)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(transformation)-295(difficult.)-383(A)-295(cloak)-294(and)-295(a)-295(club,)-305(a)-295(loud)-294(voice)-295(and)-294(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(brazen)-287(face)-287(and)-287(a)-288(copious)-287(vocabulary)-287(of)-287(scurrilous)-287(abuse,)-296(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-442(all)-443(the)-442(necessary)-443(equipment.)-827(Impudent)-443(assurance)-442(has)-442(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(usual)-405(success)-405(with)-406(the)-405(crowd,)-444(who)-405(are)-405(unable)-405(to)-405(see)-405(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-310(disguise.)-431(If)-310(any)-311(one)-310(attempts)-310(to)-310(challenge)-311(the)-310(claims)-310(of)-310(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([351])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(impostors,)-338(he)-321(is)-320(answered)-321(with)-320(a)-321(blow)-320(or)-321(a)-320(taunt.)-461(And)-321(thus)-320(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(terrorism)-211(or)-210(deceit,)-219(they)-210(usurp)-211(the)-211(respect)-210(which)-211(is)-211(due)-210(to)-211(the)-210(real)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosopher,)-393(and)-364(manage)-364(to)-365(live)-364(in)-364(plenty)-365(and)-364(even)-364(in)-364(luxury.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nor)-291(is)-292(this)-291(the)-291(worst.)-374(For)-292(these)-291(pretended)-291(ascetics,)-302(who)-291(profess)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-452(scorn)-452(delights,)-502(and)-451(to)-452(endure)-452(all)-452(manner)-452(of)-451(hardness,)-502(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-288(coarse)-288(common)-287(sensualists,)-297(who)-288(go)-288(about)-288(corrupting)-287(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(seducing.)-391(Many)-297(of)-296(them)-297(heap)-297(up)-297(a)-297(fortune)-297(in)-297(their)-296(wanderings,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-239(then)-239(bid)-239(farewell)-239(to)-239(scrip)-239(and)-239(cloak)-239(and)-239(the)-239(tub)-239(of)-239(Diogenes.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-359(so)-360(plain)-359(unlearned)-359(men)-360(come)-359(to)-359(regard)-360(the)-359(very)-359(name)-359(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)-194(with)-194(hatred)-193(and)-194(contempt,)-205(and)-194(all)-194(her)-194(work)-194(is)-193(undone,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-250(another)-250(Penelope)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.528 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(web.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 27.873 3.959 Td [(1864)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -114.077 -17.508 Td [(Even)-190(the)-190(stoutest)-190(defender)-189(of)-190(the)-190(Cynic)-190(movement,)-202(as)-190(a)-189(whole,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(feels)-396(constrained)-395(to)-396(admit)-396(that)-396(the)-395(charges)-396(against)-396(the)-395(Cynics)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were,)-507(perhaps,)-507(in)-456(many)-456(cases,)-507(true.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.285 3.959 Td [(1865)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.899 -3.959 Td [(It)-456(was)-455(a)-456(movement)]TJ -191.184 -13.549 Td [(peculiarly)-187(attractive)-187(to)-187(the)-186(lawless,)-200(restless)-187(hangers-on)-187(of)-186(society,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.083 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.27 Td [(1862)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fug.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(c.)-250(5,)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -33.623 -7.31 Td [(1863)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.833 0 Td [(c.)-246(12,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.778 0 Td [(\272\261\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.902 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\277\275)-237(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.284 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-237(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.376 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(\366)-237(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.864 0 Td [(\303\267)-237(\300\261\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.906 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.83 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-237(\300\277\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.318 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.668 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271)-237(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.221 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.78 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\304\261\257\301\277\271\302)-237(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.688 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.299 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.658 0 Td [(,)-250(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.563 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\261)-250(\300\254\275\304\261)-250(\304\305\301\261\275\275\257\264\261)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 80.411 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\274\271\272\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.328 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\263\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.724 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\277)-250(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.874 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.89 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -215.135 -7.311 Td [(1864)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.471 0 Td [(Fug.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.61 0 Td [(c.)-813(17-21,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 41.014 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)-438(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.196 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\304\261\271)-438(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.417 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.69 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.563 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.486 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275\304\265\302)-437(\272\261\304\261\300\304\315\277\305\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 75.111 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\264\267)]TJ -271.546 -10.959 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\277\306\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.029 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -63.415 -7.394 Td [(1865)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Bernays,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.426 0 Td [(Die)-300(Kyniker)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.024 0 Td [(,)-313(p.)-399(39.)-300(Roheit)-300(und)-300(arbeitsscheues)-300(Vagabundenthum)]TJ -90.405 -10.959 Td [(...)-250(mussten)-250(die)-250(Kynische)-250(Lebensweise)-250(sehr)-250(bequem)-250(finden.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1929 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1930 0 R /Resources 1928 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1915 0 R >> endobj 1931 0 obj << /D [1929 0 R /XYZ 269.73 355.585 null] >> endobj 1928 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1934 0 obj << /Length 7389 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(426)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(who)-152(found)-153(in)-152(an)-152(open)-153(defiance)-152(of)-152(social)-153(restraints)-152(and)-152(a)-152(wandering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence,)-339(a)-320(field)-321(of)-321(licence)-321(and)-321(a)-321(chance)-320(of)-321(gain.)-463(Some)-321(of)-320(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-421(Cynics,)-464(indeed,)-464(were)-422(interested)-421(in)-421(physical)-421(speculation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-316(were)-317(widely)-316(cultivated)-317(men.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.991 3.958 Td [(1866)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.341 -3.958 Td [(But)-316(the)-317(Cynic)-316(movement,)]TJ -166.332 -13.55 Td [(as)-531(a)-531(whole,)-601(rested)-531(on)-531(no)-531(scientific)-531(tradition,)-601(and)-531(the)-530(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(serious)-268(and)-267(effective)-268(preacher)-268(of)-267(its)-268(doctrine)-268(needed)-267(only)-268(a)-267(firm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hold)-423(of)-424(a)-423(few)-423(simple)-423(truths,)-467(with)-423(a)-424(command)-423(of)-423(seizing)-423(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incisive)-239(phrase.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.745 3.959 Td [(1867)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.125 -3.959 Td [(There)-239(was)-239(no)-239(professional)-239(barrier)-238(to)-239(exclude)]TJ -86.87 -13.549 Td [(the)-406(ignorant)-406(and)-406(corrupt)-407(pretender.)-718(For)-406(the)-406(Cynics,)-445(from)-406(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(very)-416(nature)-416(of)-416(their)-416(mission)-416(and)-416(their)-416(aims,)-457(never)-416(formed)-416(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(organised)-236(school)-236(or)-235(society.)-246(Each)-235(went)-236(his)-236(own)-236(way)-236(in)-235(complete)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(detachment.)-284(To)-262(the)-261(superficial)-262(observer,)-264(the)-262(only)-261(common)-261(bond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-359(characteristic)-359(were)-359(the)-360(purely)-359(external)-359(marks)-359(of)-359(dress)-359(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rough)-341(bearing)-341(and)-341(ostentatious)-341(contempt)-341(for)-341(the)-341(most)-340(ordinary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(comforts)-335(and)-335(decencies)-335(of)-335(life,)-356(which)-335(could)-335(easily)-335(be)-334(assumed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-251(the)-250(knave)-250(and)-251(the)-250(libertine.)-252(Hence,)-250(as)-251(time)-250(went)-251(on,)-250(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-323(Cynics,)-341(like)-322(Demonax)-323(or)-323(Demetrius,)-341(acquired)-323(a)-322(deserved)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence,)-390(yet)-362(the)-362(greed,)-390(licentiousness,)-390(and)-362(brutal)-362(violence)-361(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([352])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(others)-251(brought)-250(great)-251(discredit)-250(on)-251(the)-250(name.)-252(Epictetus,)-250(who)-251(had)-250(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lofty)-280(ideal)-281(of)-280(the)-280(Cynic)-281(preacher)-280(as)-280(an)-281(ambassador)-280(of)-281(God,)-287(lays)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bare)-334(the)-334(coarse)-334(vices)-335(of)-334(the)-334(pretender)-334(to)-334(that)-334(high)-334(service)-334(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-395(unsparing)-395(hand.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 85.875 3.959 Td [(1868)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.908 -3.959 Td [(It)-395(is)-395(evident,)-431(however,)-431(that)-395(certain)-395(of)]TJ -109.783 -13.549 Td [(the)-321(gravest)-322(imputations,)-339(which)-322(had)-321(been)-322(developed)-321(by)-321(prurient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imaginations,)-466(were,)-466(by)-422(an)-423(unwholesome)-423(tradition,)-466(levelled)-422(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-289(the)-289(greatest)-290(and)-289(best)-289(of)-289(the)-290(Cynics.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.718 3.958 Td [(1869)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.449 -3.958 Td [(And)-289(S.)-289(Augustine,)]TJ -199.167 -13.55 Td [(in)-365(referring)-365(to)-365(these)-365(foul)-364(charges,)-394(affirms,)-394(with)-365(an)-364(honourable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(candour,)-396(that)-367(they)-367(could)-367(not)-367(be)-367(truly)-367(made)-367(against)-367(the)-367(Cynics)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.999 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.187 Td [(1866)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)-269(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.467 0 Td [(De)-256(Plac.)-269(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.325 0 Td [(ii.)-269(8;)-259(iv.)-269(5;)-259(Luc.)-269(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.823 0 Td [(Demon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.434 0 Td [(4,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.036 0 Td [(\300\277\271\267\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.169 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-256(\303\315\275\304\301\277\306\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -234.846 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\255\275\265\304\277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.665 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.263 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.644 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.665 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-335(\306\271\273\277\303\277\306\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.217 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.714 0 Td [(\300\301\277\261\271\301\255\303\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.216 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.263 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\300\257\303\304\261\304\277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.522 0 Td [(:)-421(cf.)-506(Caspari,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.844 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Cyn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(p.)-250(6;)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(685.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -21.667 -7.311 Td [(1867)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Luc.)-250(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.069 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.412 0 Td [(14)-250(sqq.;)-250(Caspari,)-250(p.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -80.176 -7.31 Td [(1868)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-256(iii.)-257(22,)-253(\247)-252(80,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 69.181 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-252(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.24 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-252(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.466 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.807 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\277\262\273\255\300\277\274\265\275)-252(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.055 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-252(\304\301\261\300\265\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.828 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\261\302)-252(\300\305\273\261\311\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.358 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.,)-250(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.151 0 Td [(Fug.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(14,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\300\277\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.65 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\300\301\261\263\274\261\304\265\257\261\302)-250(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 62.334 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304\301\271\262\316\275\271\277\275)-250(\300\265\301\271\262\261\273\255\303\270\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 89.135 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -278.626 -7.311 Td [(1869)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Ver.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(ii.)-250(18;)-250(Athen.)-250(iv.)-250(158;)-250(xiii.)-250(588.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1933 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1934 0 R /Resources 1932 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1915 0 R >> endobj 1935 0 obj << /D [1933 0 R /XYZ 324.178 287.839 null] >> endobj 1932 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1938 0 obj << /Length 5974 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(427)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-406(his)-405(own)-406(day.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.355 3.959 Td [(1870)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.256 -3.959 Td [(Moreover,)-444(the)-406(Roman)-405(nature)-406(never)-405(took)]TJ -96.611 -13.549 Td [(very)-319(kindly,)-337(even)-319(in)-319(some)-320(of)-319(the)-319(cultivated)-320(circles,)-336(to)-319(anything)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-308(the)-308(name)-308(of)-308(philosophy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.54 3.959 Td [(1871)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.06 -3.959 Td [(Even)-308(M.)-308(Aurelius)-308(could)-307(not)]TJ -156.6 -13.549 Td [(altogether)-244(disarm)-244(the)-244(suspicion)-244(with)-244(which)-244(it)-244(was)-244(regarded.)-248(And)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-288(revolt)-288(of)-289(Avidius)-288(Cassius)-288(was)-288(to)-289(some)-288(extent)-288(an)-288(outburst)-288(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impatience)-275(with)-275(the)-274(doctrinaire)-275(spirit)-275(of)-275(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 193.687 0 Td [(philosopha)-275(anicula)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.216 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(as)-354(Cassius)-354(dared)-354(to)-354(call)-354(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 129.908 3.959 Td [(1872)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.571 -3.959 Td [(And)-354(there)-354(were)-354(many)-354(things)]TJ -152.479 -13.549 Td [(in)-352(the)-353(Cynic)-352(movement)-353(which)-352(specially)-352(tended)-353(to)-352(provoke)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ordinary)-219(man.)-240(It)-219(threw)-219(down)-219(the)-219(gauntlet)-219(to)-220(a)-219(materialised)-219(age.)-239(It)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(preached)-299(absolute)-299(renunciation)-298(of)-299(all)-299(social)-299(ties)-299(and)-298(duties,)-311(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-278(all)-279(the)-278(pleasures)-279(and)-278(refinements)-279(with)-278(which)-279(that)-278(society)-278(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surrounded)-198(itself.)-233(In)-197(an)-198(age)-198(which,)-209(even)-197(on)-198(its)-198(tomb-stones,)-208(bears)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-223(stamp)-223(of)-223(a)-223(starched)-223(conventionality)-223(and)-223(adherence)-223(to)-223(use)-223(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wont,)-312(the)-299(Cynic)-300(was)-299(a)-299(defiant)-300(rebel)-299(against)-300(all)-299(social)-299(restraints.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(In)-329(an)-330(age)-329(which)-329(was)-329(becoming)-330(ever)-329(more)-329(superstitious,)-349(he)-329(did)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-465(shrink)-464(from)-465(attacking)-465(the)-464(faith)-465(in)-465(the)-464(gods,)-519(the)-464(efficacy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-505(the)-505(mysteries,)-569(the)-506(credit)-505(of)-505(the)-505(most)-505(ancient)-506(oracles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1873)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And,)-332(finally,)-333(while)-316(philosophy)-316(in)-316(general)-316(after)-316(Domitian)-315(found)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(support)-389(and)-389(patronage)-389(at)-389(the)-389(imperial)-389(court,)-424(no)-388(emperor)-389(gave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-253(countenance)-253(to)-253(the)-252(Cynics)-253(till)-253(the)-253(Syrian)-253(dynasty)-253(of)-253(the)-252(third)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(century.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 35.444 3.959 Td [(1874)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.718 -3.959 Td [(We)-359(have)-358(here)-359(surely)-358(a)-359(sufficient)-358(accumulation)-359(of)]TJ -58.162 -13.549 Td [(reasons)-242(for)-241(hesitating)-242(to)-241(accept)-242(the)-242(wholesale)-241(condemnation)-242(of)-241(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([353])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(class)-196(of)-195(men)-196(who,)-206(instead)-196(of)-196(disarming)-195(opposition,)-207(rather)-195(plumed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-250(on)-250(provoking)-250(it.)]TJ 11.956 -15.614 Td [(A)-151(good)-152(example)-151(of)-152(the)-151(merciless,)-171(and)-152(not)-151(altogether)-151(scrupulous)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(fashion)-291(in)-291(which)-291(the)-290(Cynics)-291(were)-291(handled)-291(by)-291(contemporaries)-290(is)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.078 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.265 Td [(1870)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-250(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(Civ.)-250(D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.895 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(20,)-250(nemo)-250(tamen)-250(eorum)-250(audet)-250(hoc)-250(facere.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -71.981 -7.311 Td [(1871)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-246(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.817 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.412 0 Td [(lxxii.)-249(2;)-247(Pers.)-249(v.)-249(189;)-248(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 105.026 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.91 0 Td [(71;)-248(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.592 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.9 0 Td [(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 9.196 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.397 0 Td [(iv.)-249(5;)]TJ -262.205 -10.958 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.936 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(i.)-250(22;)-250(Quintil.)-250(xi.)-250(1,)-250(35;)-250(xii.)-250(2,)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -36.121 -7.311 Td [(1872)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.932 0 Td [(Avid.)-366(Cass.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.233 0 Td [(1,)-299(\247)-288(8,)-299(in)-289(a)-288(letter)-289(of)-289(Verus,)-299(te)-288(philosopham)-289(aniculam,)]TJ -88.121 -10.959 Td [(me)-250(luxuriosum)-250(morionem)-250(vocat:)-250(cf.)-250(c.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1873)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Bernays,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.485 0 Td [(Die)-197(Kyniker)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.102 0 Td [(,)-208(p.)-232(31,)-208(sie)-196(sind)-197(die)-197(am)-197(reinsten)-197(deistische)-197(Sect,)-208(welche)]TJ -88.542 -10.958 Td [(das)-250(hellenisch-r\366mische)-250(Alterthum)-250(hervorgebracht)-250(hat.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1874)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.563 0 Td [(p.)-455(30;)-352(cf.)-455(D.)-318(Cass.)-454(lxxvii.)-455(19,)-335(for)-318(the)-319(favours)-318(showered)-318(on)-318(the)-319(Cynic)]TJ -24.518 -10.959 Td [(Antiochus)-250(by)-250(Severus.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1937 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1938 0 R /Resources 1936 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1940 0 R >> endobj 1939 0 obj << /D [1937 0 R /XYZ 153.663 233.642 null] >> endobj 1936 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1943 0 obj << /Length 6437 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(428)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-403(be)-403(found)-402(in)-403(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.593 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-403(piece)-403(on)-402(the)-403(death)-403(of)-403(Peregrinus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.966 3.959 Td [(1875)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Peregrinus)-305(was)-305(a)-304(native)-305(of)-305(Parium)-305(on)-305(the)-304(Propontis,)-319(and)-305(a)-304(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-372(fortune.)-618(He)-372(loved)-373(to)-372(call)-373(himself)-372(Proteus,)-403(and,)-403(indeed,)-403(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strange)-487(vicissitudes)-486(of)-487(his)-487(career)-486(justified)-487(his)-487(assumption)-486(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-391(name.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.953 3.959 Td [(1876)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.782 -3.959 Td [(On)-391(reaching)-391(manhood,)-426(he)-391(wandered)-391(from)-391(land)]TJ -67.735 -13.549 Td [(to)-362(l)1(and,)-390(and)-361(in)-362(Palestine)-361(he)-362(joined)-361(a)-362(Christian)-361(brotherhood,)-389(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-237(he)-236(rose)-237(to)-236(a)-237(commanding)-236(influence,)-240(which)-236(drew)-237(down)-236(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suspicion)-285(of)-285(the)-285(government,)-294(and)-285(he)-285(was)-285(thrown)-285(for)-285(a)-285(time)-285(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prison.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30 3.958 Td [(1877)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.653 -3.958 Td [(His)-265(persecution)-265(called)-265(forth,)-268(as)-265(Lucian)-265(ungrudgingly)]TJ -49.653 -13.55 Td [(admits,)-205(all)-194(the)-195(fearless)-194(love)-194(and)-194(charity)-194(of)-194(the)-194(worshippers)-194(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 262.456 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(crucified)-386(Sophist.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.449 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.057 0 Td [(Released)-386(by)-386(a)-387(philosophic)-386(governor)-386(of)-386(the)]TJ -87.506 -13.549 Td [(type)-293(of)-292(Gallio,)-304(he)-292(gave)-293(up)-292(the)-293(remnant)-293(of)-292(his)-293(paternal)-292(property,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amounting)-374(to)-375(fifteen)-374(talents,)-406(to)-374(his)-374(native)-375(city.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.737 3.959 Td [(1878)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.235 -3.959 Td [(Peregrinus)]TJ -233.972 -13.549 Td [(had)-261(already)-260(assumed)-261(the)-260(peculiar)-261(dress)-260(of)-261(the)-260(Cynic,)-263(and)-261(set)-260(out)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-359(fresh)-359(wanderings,)-386(having,)-386(from)-359(some)-359(difference)-359(on)-359(a)-359(point)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-264(ritual,)-268(severed)-264(his)-264(connection)-264(with)-264(the)-264(Christian)-264(brotherhood.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-395(then)-396(came)-395(under)-395(the)-396(influence)-395(of)-395(an)-396(Egyptian)-395(ascetic)-395(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-431(the)-431(mysticism)-431(of)-431(the)-430(East.)-793(In)-431(a)-431(visit)-431(to)-431(Italy)-431(he)-430(acquired)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(celebrity)-324(by)-324(his)-324(fierce)-324(invectives,)-342(which)-324(did)-324(not)-324(spare)-324(even)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(blameless)-299(and)-299(gentle)-299(Antoninus)-299(Pius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.472 3.959 Td [(1879)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.771 -3.959 Td [(The)-299(Emperor)-299(himself)]TJ -186.243 -13.549 Td [(paid)-357(little)-357(heed)-357(to)-357(him,)-383(but)-357(the)-357(prefect)-357(of)-357(the)-357(city)-357(thought)-356(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rome)-305(could)-305(well)-304(spare)-305(such)-305(a)-305(philosopher,)-318(and)-305(Peregrinus)-304(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obliged)-278(to)-278(return)-278(to)-278(the)-278(East.)-334(Henceforth)-278(Greece,)-284(and)-278(especially)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Elis,)-253(was)-253(the)-252(scene)-253(of)-252(his)-253(labours.)-257(He)-253(abated)-252(none)-252(of)-253(his)-252(energy,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dealing)-321(out)-321(his)-322(denunciations)-321(impartially,)-339(and)-321(not)-321(sparing)-321(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-421(philosophic)-421(millionaire)-422(Herodes)-421(Atticus)-421(for)-421(providing)-421(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(visitors)-312(to)-313(Olympia)-312(with)-313(the)-312(luxury)-312(of)-313(pure)-312(water.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 222.699 3.959 Td [(1880)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.207 -3.959 Td [(He)-312(even)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.467 Td [(1875)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(On)-250(Lucian)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 38.098 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.729 0 Td [(Peregrinus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.847 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Caspari,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(De)-250(Cyn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.625 0 Td [(p.)-250(24)-250(sq.;)-250(Bernays,)-250(p.)-250(42)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -177.802 -7.311 Td [(1876)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(De)-250(Morte)-250(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.234 0 Td [(c.)-250(5,)-250(10)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.355 -7.31 Td [(1877)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(11,)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1878)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1879)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.149 0 Td [(c.)-316(17,)-278(18;)-283(cf.)-316(the)-272(rudeness)-272(of)-272(Demetrius)-272(to)-272(Vespasian,)-278(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 217.719 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.111 0 Td [(xiii.;)]TJ -263.934 -10.958 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxvi.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1880)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.472 0 Td [(De)-326(Morte)-326(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.28 0 Td [(c.)-478(19,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 24.812 0 Td [(\272\261\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.853 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.581 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\263\314\301\265\305\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.557 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-326(\272\261\304\261\270\267\273\315\275\261\275\304\261)-326(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 76.573 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\035)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.334 0 Td [(\273\273\267\275\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.168 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1942 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1943 0 R /Resources 1941 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1940 0 R >> endobj 1941 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1946 0 obj << /Length 4925 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(429)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(tried)-409(to)-408(stir)-409(up)-409(Greece)-409(to)-408(armed)-409(revolt.)-726(His)-409(fame)-409(and)-408(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-365(the)-365(Cynic)-365(brotherhood)-364(were)-365(at)-365(their)-365(height,)-394(or)-364(perhaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beginning)-186(to)-185(wane,)-199(when)-186(he)-185(conceived)-186(the)-185(idea)-186(of)-186(electrifying)-185(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([354])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(world)-303(and)-303(giving)-303(a)-302(demonstration)-303(of)-303(the)-303(triumph)-303(of)-302(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(even)-268(over)-268(death)-268(by)-268(a)-268(self-immolation)-268(at)-268(Olympia.)-304(There,)-272(before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-378(eyes)-378(of)-378(men)-377(gathered)-378(from)-378(all)-378(quarters,)-410(like)-378(Heracles,)-409(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-429(Cynic)-429(exemplar,)-474(on)-429(Mount)-429(Oeta,)-474(he)-429(resolved)-429(to)-429(depart)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-376(the)-375(blaze)-376(and)-375(glory)-376(of)-375(the)-376(funeral)-375(pyre)-376(kindled)-375(by)-376(his)-375(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hand.)-555(And)-352(perhaps)-352(some)-352(rare)-351(lettered)-352(Cynic)-352(brother)-352(set)-351(afloat)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-298(Sibylline)-298(verse,)-310(such)-298(as)-298(abounded)-298(in)-298(those)-298(days,)-310(bidding)-298(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prepare)-281(to)-280(revere)-281(another)-281(hero,)-288(soon)-281(to)-280(be)-281(enthroned)-281(along)-280(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Heracles)-250(in)-250(the)-250(broad)-250(Olympus.)]TJ 11.956 -17.1 Td [(Such)-408(a)-408(career,)-448(ambiguous,)-447(perhaps,)-448(on)-408(the)-408(most)-408(charitable)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(construction,)-203(attracted)-191(the)-191(eye)-191(of)-191(the)-191(man)-191(who)-191(sincerely)-190(believed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-236(all)-237(his)-236(persiflage,)-239(that)-236(both)-236(the)-237(religion)-236(and)-236(the)-236(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-246(the)-245(past)-246(were)-245(worn)-246(out,)-246(and)-246(were)-246(now)-245(being)-246(merely)-245(exploited)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-500(coarse)-500(adventurers)-500(for)-500(gain)-500(or)-501(ambition.)-1000(Moreover,)-562(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Philoctetes)-466(of)-467(the)-466(Cynic)-467(Heracles,)-520(his)-467(pupil)-466(Theagenes,)-520(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attracting)-619(great)-619(audiences)-619(in)-619(the)-619(Gymnasium)-619(of)-619(Trajan)-618(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.79 3.959 Td [(1881)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.074 -3.959 Td [(The)-553(self-martyrdom)-552(of)-553(their)-553(chief)-553(had)-552(given)-553(a)]TJ -57.864 -13.549 Td [(fresh)-459(inspiration)-459(to)-458(the)-459(Cynic)-459(brotherhood.)-876(Who)-459(knows)-458(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-222(legend)-223(may)-222(gather)-222(round)-223(his)-222(name,)-228(altars)-222(may)-222(be)-223(raised)-222(to)-222(him,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-414(the)-414(ancient)-415(glamour)-414(of)-414(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.476 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(flashing)-414(Olympus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.67 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.362 0 Td [(will)-414(lend)]TJ -240.352 -13.549 Td [(itself)-312(to)-312(glorify)-312(the)-311(uncultivated)-312(crew)-312(who)-312(profane)-312(the)-312(name)-311(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy,)-250(and)-250(are)-250(an)-250(offence)-250(to)-250(culture?)]TJ 11.956 -17.1 Td [(There)-166(is)-166(no)-166(mistaking)-165(the)-166(cold)-166(merciless)-166(spirit)-166(in)-166(which)-166(Lucian,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(by)-367(his)-367(own)-367(avowal,)-396(addressed)-367(himself)-367(to)-367(the)-367(task)-367(of)-367(exposing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(what)-230(he)-230(genuinely)-230(believed)-230(to)-230(be)-229(a)-230(feigned)-230(enthusiasm.)-244(Even)-229(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lover)-208(of)-208(Lucian)-208(receives)-207(a)-208(kind)-208(of)-208(shock)-208(from)-208(the)-208(occasional)-207(tone)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-348(almost)-348(cruel)-347(hardness)-348(in)-348(his)-347(treatment)-348(of)-348(the)-348(Cynic)-347(apostle.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(When)-188(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.401 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-188(narrative)-189(of)-188(the)-189(youthful)-188(enormities)-189(of)-188(Peregrinus)]TJ -62.034 -13.549 Td [(is)-346(analysed,)-370(it)-346(is)-345(perceived)-346(that)-346(the)-346(accuser)-346(is)-346(anonymous,)-369(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(1881)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Caspari,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(De)-250(Cyn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.625 0 Td [(p.)-250(16;)-250(Bernays,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.532 0 Td [(Luc.)-250(u.)-250(die)-250(Kyniker)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.486 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(16.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1945 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1946 0 R /Resources 1944 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1940 0 R >> endobj 1947 0 obj << /D [1945 0 R /XYZ 156.511 491.077 null] >> endobj 1944 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1950 0 obj << /Length 7845 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(430)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(that)-201(other)-201(names)-201(and)-201(particulars)-201(are)-201(carefully)-201(suppressed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.49 3.959 Td [(1882)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.987 -3.959 Td [(For)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(the)-328(gravest)-328(charges)-328(of)-328(youthful)-328(depravity)-328(no)-328(proof)-328(or)-327(authority)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-369(given;)-428(they)-369(seem)-368(to)-369(be)-369(the)-369(offspring)-368(of)-369(that)-369(prurient)-368(gossip)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-236(can)-237(assail)-236(any)-237(character.)-245(They)-237(are)-236(the)-237(charges)-236(which)-236(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(freely)-322(bandied)-322(about)-323(in)-322(the)-322(age)-322(of)-323(Pericles)-322(and)-322(M.)-322(Aurelius,)-340(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-409(age)-408(of)-409(Erasmus)-409(and)-408(the)-409(age)-409(of)-408(Milton.)-726(There)-409(must)-408(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-427(something)-427(at)-428(least)-427(remarkable)-427(and)-427(fascinating,)-471(although)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([355])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(marred)-274(by)-275(extravagance,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.063 3.959 Td [(1883)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.498 -3.959 Td [(about)-274(the)-275(man)-274(who)-275(became)-274(a)-274(great)]TJ -127.561 -13.549 Td [(leader)-323(and)-322(prophet)-323(among)-323(the)-323(Christians)-322(of)-323(Palestine,)-341(and)-322(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-270(almost)-269(worshipped)-270(as)-270(a)-269(god.)-309(When)-270(he)-270(was)-269(thrown)-270(into)-269(jail,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-272(widows)-272(and)-272(orphans)-271(watched)-272(by)-272(the)-272(gates;)-283(his)-272(jailers)-271(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bribed)-196(to)-196(admit)-195(some)-196(of)-196(the)-196(brethren)-195(to)-196(console)-196(his)-196(solitude;)-213(large)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sums)-309(were)-308(collected)-309(from)-309(the)-308(cities)-309(of)-309(Asia)-308(for)-309(his)-309(support)-308(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(defence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.644 3.958 Td [(1884)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.997 -3.958 Td [(The)-275(surrender)-276(of)-275(his)-276(paternal)-275(property)-276(to)-275(his)-275(native)]TJ -56.641 -13.55 Td [(city,)-235(an)-232(act)-231(of)-231(generosity)-232(which)-231(had)-232(many)-231(parallels)-231(in)-232(that)-231(age,)-235(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attributed)-241(to)-241(no)-241(higher)-241(motive)-241(than)-241(the)-241(wish)-241(to)-241(hush)-241(up)-241(a)-241(rumour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-298(Peregrinus)-298(had)-298(murdered)-299(his)-298(father.)-394(The)-298(charge)-298(apparently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rested)-416(on)-416(nothing)-416(more)-416(substantial)-416(than)-417(malignant)-416(gossip.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1885)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-439(migration)-438(of)-439(Peregrinus)-439(from)-439(the)-438(Christian)-439(to)-439(the)-438(Cynic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(brotherhood)-301(was)-302(not)-301(so)-302(startli)1(ng)-302(in)-301(that)-302(age)-301(as)-301(it)-302(may)-301(appear)-301(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us.)-248(Transitions)-244(to)-244(and)-244(fro)-244(were)-244(not)-244(uncommon)-244(between)-244(societies)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-256(had)-256(the)-256(common)-257(bond)-256(of)-256(asceticism)-256(and)-256(contempt)-256(for)-256(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.178 3.959 Td [(1886)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.377 -3.959 Td [(Moreover,)-373(Lucian,)-372(with)-348(all)-348(his)-349(delicate)-348(genius,)-372(had)]TJ -50.555 -13.549 Td [(little)-317(power)-316(of)-317(understanding)-317(the)-316(force)-317(of)-317(religious)-316(enthusiasm.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-325(is)-326(pretty)-325(clear)-326(that)-325(Peregrinus)-326(was)-325(not)-325(an)-326(ordinary)-325(Cynic;)-363(he)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.12 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 169.308 Td [(1882)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1883)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(This)-484(offended)-485(Demonax,)-542(cf.)-953(Luc.)-953(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 159.442 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.513 0 Td [(c.)-953(21,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 30.842 0 Td [(\240\265\301\265\263\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.003 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\265)-484(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.119 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.057 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\271\266\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.573 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.02 -7.31 Td [(1884)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(De)-250(Morte)-250(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.234 0 Td [(c.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.355 -7.395 Td [(1885)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(10,)-250(14,)-250(37;)-250(Bernays,)-250(p.)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1886)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-651(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.024 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.642 0 Td [(xlvi.)-651(\050Dind.)-650(vol.)-651(ii.)-650(p.)-651(402\051,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 118.587 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.096 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-384(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.84 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.226 0 Td [(\240\261\273\261\271\303\304\257\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.748 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.841 -10.959 Td [(\264\305\303\303\265\262\255\303\271)-389(\300\261\301\261\300\273\256\303\271\277\271)-390(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 98.314 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-389(\304\301\314\300\277\305\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.141 0 Td [(.)-668(Bernays,)-425(p.)-668(36,)-424(\334bertritte)-390(aus)-389(dem)]TJ -140.001 -10.959 Td [(einen)-269(in)-269(das)-269(andere)-269(Lager)-269(vorkamen;)-278(Hatch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 162.166 0 Td [(Hib.)-307(Lec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.044 0 Td [(p.)-307(166;)-278(cf.)-307(Caspari,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.964 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.174 -10.959 Td [(Cyn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.11 0 Td [(p.)-311(25;)-280(Jul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.981 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.627 0 Td [(vii.)-311(224.)-311(C.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 43.624 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.131 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-270(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.897 0 Td [(\273\273\261)-270(\263\265)-271(\300\254\275\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.005 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.142 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.97 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-270(\304\265)-271(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.588 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\272\265\257\275\277\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -254.349 -10.959 Td [(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(i.e.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.199 0 Td [(\247\301\271\303\304\271\261\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.932 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.658 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.227 0 Td [(\300\261\301\261\300\273\256\303\271\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.285 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\261\304\261\273\265\273\277\257\300\261\304\265)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.321 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\261\304\301\257\264\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.233 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.296 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.338 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\275\277\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.647 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1949 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1950 0 R /Resources 1948 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1940 0 R >> endobj 1951 0 obj << /D [1949 0 R /XYZ 206.11 436.88 null] >> endobj 1948 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1954 0 obj << /Length 6884 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(431)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(had)-367(felt)-366(the)-367(spell)-366(of)-367(Oriental)-367(and)-366(Pythagorean)-367(mysticism.)-599(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cynicism)-420(was)-421(probably)-420(tinctured)-420(with)-420(a)-421(religion)-420(of)-420(the)-420(same)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(type)-391(as)-391(that)-390(of)-391(Apollonius)-391(of)-391(Tyana.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.472 3.959 Td [(1887)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.774 -3.959 Td [(And)-391(it)-391(is)-390(his)-391(failure)]TJ -190.246 -13.549 Td [(to)-359(appreciate)-358(the)-359(fervour)-359(of)-359(this)-358(mystical)-359(elation)-359(in)-358(Peregrinus)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-305(his)-304(disciples)-305(which)-305(misled)-304(Lucian,)-319(and)-304(makes)-305(his)-304(narrative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(misleading.)]TJ 11.956 -16.776 Td [(Lucian)-288(suggests)-288(that,)-298(when)-288(he)-289(visited)-288(Olympia)-288(for)-288(the)-288(fourth)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(time,)-566(he)-502(found)-503(that)-503(the)-502(influence)-503(of)-503(Peregrinus)-502(was)-503(on)-502(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wane.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.746 3.959 Td [(1888)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.278 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-467(even)-468(from)-467(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.145 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-467(own)-468(narrative)-467(it)-467(is)-468(clear)]TJ -158.802 -13.549 Td [(that)-359(Peregrinus)-358(and)-359(his)-358(doings)-359(were)-359(attracting)-358(almost)-359(as)-358(much)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attention)-368(as)-369(the)-368(games.)-605(On)-369(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.504 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-368(arrival,)-398(the)-369(first)-368(thing)-369(he)]TJ -161.136 -13.55 Td [(heard)-218(was)-218(a)-219(rumour)-218(that)-218(the)-218(great)-218(Cynic)-219(had)-218(resolved)-218(to)-218(die)-218(upon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-312(flaming)-312(pyre,)-327(like)-311(the)-312(hero)-312(who)-312(was)-311(the)-312(mythic)-312(patron)-312(of)-311(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(school.)-310(Peregrinus)-270(professed)-270(that)-270(by)-270(his)-270(self-immolation)-270(he)-269(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([356])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(going)-325(to)-325(teach)-326(men,)-344(in)-325(the)-325(most)-325(impressive)-325(way,)-344(to)-325(make)-325(light)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-387(death.)-661(And)-387(many)-387(a)-387(Cynic)-387(sermon)-387(was)-387(evidently)-386(delivered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-248(the)-248(subject,)-248(the)-248(greatest)-248(preacher)-248(being)-247(Theagenes,)-249(for)-247(whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucian)-400(displays)-400(a)-400(particular)-400(aversion.)-700(There)-400(were,)-437(of)-400(course,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-252(sceptics)-253(like)-252(Lucian)-252(himself.)-257(And)-252(it)-252(is)-252(in)-253(the)-252(mouth)-252(of)-252(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-297(these)-296(enemies)-297(of)-296(the)-297(sect,)-308(in)-297(reply)-296(to)-297(Theagenes,)-308(that)-296(Lucian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-334(put)-334(the)-334(defamatory)-334(version)-334(of)-334(the)-334(life)-334(of)-334(Peregrinus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.832 3.958 Td [(1889)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.311 -3.958 Td [(to)]TJ -272.143 -13.55 Td [(which)-250(we)-250(have)-250(referred.)]TJ 11.956 -16.775 Td [(Lucian)-496(assumes)-495(from)-496(the)-496(first)-495(that)-496(the)-496(self-martyrdom)-495(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(Peregrinus)-323(was)-323(prompted)-323(by)-322(mere)-323(vulgar)-323(love)-323(of)-323(notoriety.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1890)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Yet)-443(it)-442(is)-443(quite)-442(possible)-443(that)-442(this)-442(is)-443(an)-442(unfair)-443(judgment.)-827(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Stoic)-359(school,)-386(with)-359(which)-359(the)-358(Cynics)-359(had)-359(such)-359(a)-359(close)-358(affinity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(allowed)-247(that,)-248(in)-248(certain)-247(circumstances,)-248(suicide)-247(might)-248(be)-247(not)-247(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-439(permissible,)-487(but)-439(a)-439(meritorious,)-486(nay,)-487(even)-439(a)-439(glorious)-439(act)-439(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.228 Td [(1887)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.958 0 Td [(De)-270(Morte)-270(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.766 0 Td [(c.)-309(36,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.668 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\302)-270(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.932 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-270(\274\265\303\267\274\262\301\257\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.53 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\277\262\273\255\300\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.685 0 Td [(:)-290(c.)-309(25,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.757 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\300\311\302)]TJ -265.979 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-355(\272\261\301\304\267\301\257\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.3 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\264\265\257\276\267\304\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.148 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)-355(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.703 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.82 0 Td [(\222\301\261\307\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.107 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.97 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.426 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\265\257\275\277\271\302)-355(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.723 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)-355(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.177 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.73 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\307\257\277\305)]TJ -264.625 -10.959 Td [(\230\265\261\263\255\275\267\302)-250(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.039 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\272\254\266\265\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.805 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.22 -7.311 Td [(1888)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1889)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(De)-250(Morte)-250(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.234 0 Td [(c.)-250(7)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.355 -7.311 Td [(1890)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(4,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 17.43 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-250(\272\265\275\277\264\277\276\257\261\275)-250(\304\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.106 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.221 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.562 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\261\306\255\301\277\305\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.959 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1953 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1954 0 R /Resources 1952 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1940 0 R >> endobj 1955 0 obj << /D [1953 0 R /XYZ 243.937 338.809 null] >> endobj 1952 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1958 0 obj << /Length 7632 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(432)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(self-liberation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.928 3.959 Td [(1891)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.633 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-356(had)-356(often)-356(looked)-356(gladly)-356(to)-356(it)-356(as)-356(the)]TJ -86.561 -13.549 Td [(ever)-248(open)-248(door)-247(of)-248(escape)-248(from)-248(ignominy)-248(or)-247(torture.)-250(The)-247(brilliant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Stoic)-245(Euphrates,)-246(the)-245(darling)-245(of)-245(Roman)-245(society,)-246(weary)-245(of)-245(age)-244(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disease,)-281(sought)-274(and)-275(obtained)-275(the)-274(permission)-275(of)-274(Hadrian)-275(to)-274(drink)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-279(hemlock.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.677 3.959 Td [(1892)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.128 -3.959 Td [(And)-279(that)-280(emperor)-279(himself,)-287(in)-279(his)-280(last)-279(sickness,)]TJ -76.805 -13.549 Td [(begged)-239(the)-240(drug)-239(from)-240(his)-239(physician)-240(who)-239(killed)-240(himself)-239(to)-239(escape)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compliance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.018 3.959 Td [(1893)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.042 -3.959 Td [(Diogenes)-216(had)-216(handed)-216(the)-216(dagger)-216(to)-216(his)-216(favourite)]TJ -72.06 -13.549 Td [(pupil,)-286(Antisthenes,)-287(when)-279(tortured)-279(by)-279(disease.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.082 3.959 Td [(1894)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.115 -3.959 Td [(The)-279(burden)-279(of)]TJ -218.197 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(Cynic)-311(preaching)-312(was)-312(the)-311(nothingness)-312(of)-312(the)-311(things)-312(of)-311(sense)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-245(contempt)-245(for)-246(death.)-248(Is)-245(it)-245(not)-246(possible)-245(that)-245(what)-245(Lucian)-245(heard)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-243(the)-243(lips)-242(of)-243(Peregrinus)-243(himself)-243(was)-243(true,)-244(and)-243(that)-243(he)-242(wished,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-361(may)-362(be)-361(with)-361(mingled)-362(motives,)-389(by)-361(his)-361(own)-362(act)-361(to)-361(show)-361(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(how)-250(to)-250(treat)-250(with)-250(indifference)-250(the)-250(last)-250(terror)-250(of)-250(humanity?)]TJ 11.955 -15.578 Td [(That)-206(the)-206(end)-206(of)-206(Peregrinus)-206(was)-206(surrounded)-206(by)-207(superstition)-206(and)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(magnified)-157(by)-158(grandiose)-157(effects)-158(is)-157(more)-157(than)-158(probable.)-219(Such)-157(things)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(belonged)-181(to)-180(the)-181(spirit)-181(of)-181(the)-180(age.)-227(And)-181(the)-180(calm,)-195(critical)-181(good)-180(sense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-306(Lucian,)-321(which)-306(had)-306(no)-306(sympathy)-307(with)-306(these)-306(weaknesses,)-320(saw)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nothing)-298(in)-298(the)-298(scene)-297(but)-298(calculating)-298(imposture.)-394(Already)-297(oracles)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-456(circulating)-456(in)-455(which)-456(Peregrinus)-456(appears)-456(as)-456(the)-455(ph)]TJ/F48 10.9091 Tf 256.085 0 Td [(S)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.876 0 Td [(nix,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -336.717 0 Td [([357])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(rising)-219(unscathed)-219(and)-219(rejuvenescent)-219(from)-219(the)-218(pyre,)-226(predicting)-218(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-228(is)-227(to)-228(be)-228(a)-228(guardian)-227(spirit)-228(of)-228(the)-228(night,)-232(that)-228(altars)-227(will)-228(rise)-228(in)-227(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honour,)-254(and)-253(that)-253(he)-253(will)-254(perform)-253(miracles)-253(of)-253(healing.)-259(Theagenes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blazed)-449(abroad)-449(a)-449(Sibylline)-449(verse)-449(which)-449(bade)-450(men,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 233.927 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(when)-449(the)]TJ -238.771 -13.55 Td [(greatest)-405(of)-405(the)-405(Cynics)-405(has)-404(come)-405(to)-405(lofty)-405(Olympus,)-444(to)-404(honour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(night-roaming)-251(hero)-250(who)-251(is)-251(enthroned)-251(beside)-251(Hephaestus)-250(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-483(princely)-482(Hector.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.023 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(1895)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.704 -3.959 Td [(Lucian)-483(found)-482(himself)-483(wedged)-483(in)-483(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.161 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.349 Td [(1891)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.241 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.881 0 Td [(58,)-311(\247)-299(36;)-323(70,)-310(\247)-299(8;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.54 0 Td [(De)-299(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.482 0 Td [(ii.)-396(10;)-323(vi.)-396(\247)-299(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.934 0 Td [(De)-299(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.09 0 Td [(,)-311(iii.)-396(15;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.653 0 Td [(De)-299(V.)]TJ -259.777 -10.959 Td [(Beat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.281 0 Td [(19;)-311(Epict.)-371(i.)-371(24.)-371(Cf.)-371(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 95.896 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.806 0 Td [(i.)-371(12;)-311(i.)-371(22;)-310(iii.)-371(7;)-311(iii.)-371(9;)-311(vi.)-371(24;)-310(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -131.983 -10.959 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Opp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(p.)-250(212)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -30.634 -7.311 Td [(1892)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-429(Cass.)-789(lxix.)-788(8,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 73.049 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)-429(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.8 0 Td [(\225)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.448 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.545 0 Td [(\306\301\254\304\267\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.865 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.313 0 Td [(\306\271\273\314\303\277\306\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\255\270\261\275\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.371 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\270\265\273\277\275\304\256\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.288 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\304\301\255\310\261\275\304\277\302)-422(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.898 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.058 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.418 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)-422(\011)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.326 0 Td [(\264\301\271\261\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.936 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.327 0 Td [(\272\311\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.161 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)-422(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.724 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.489 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.247 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\301\261\302)-422(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.712 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.418 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.489 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.958 Td [(\275\314\303\277\275)-250(\300\271\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.669 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.59 -7.311 Td [(1893)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ael.)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.841 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.412 0 Td [(c.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.948 -7.311 Td [(1894)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Diog.)-250(Laert.)-250(vi.)-250(18;)-250(cf.)-250(vi.)-250(77,)-250(for)-250(the)-250(death)-250(of)-250(Diogenes)-250(himself.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(1895)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(De)-250(Morte)-250(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.234 0 Td [(c.)-250(29.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1957 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1958 0 R /Resources 1956 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1940 0 R >> endobj 1959 0 obj << /D [1957 0 R /XYZ 235.822 272.261 null] >> endobj 1956 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F48 1960 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1963 0 obj << /Length 6392 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(433)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(dense)-395(crowd)-394(who)-395(came)-394(to)-395(hear)-395(the)-394(last)-395(apology)-394(of)-395(the)-394(Cynic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apostle.)-577(Some)-359(were)-359(applauding,)-386(and)-359(some)-359(denouncing)-359(him)-358(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-401(impostor.)-703(Lucian)-402(could)-401(hear)-401(little)-401(in)-401(the)-401(mel\351e.)-703(But)-401(now)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-317(then,)-333(above)-317(the)-317(roar,)-334(he)-317(could)-316(hear)-317(the)-317(pale,)-334(tremulous)-316(old)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(man)-330(tell)-330(the)-330(surging)-330(crowd)-330(that,)-350(having)-330(lived)-330(like)-330(Heracles,)-349(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-351(die)-351(like)-351(Heracles,)-377(and)-351(mingle)-351(with)-351(the)-351(ether,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 230.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(bringing)-351(a)]TJ -234.986 -13.549 Td [(golden)-342(life)-343(to)-342(a)-343(golden)-342(close.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.084 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(1896)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.174 -3.959 Td [(Lucian)-342(thought)-343(his)-342(paleness)]TJ -156.101 -13.549 Td [(was)-357(due)-358(to)-357(terror)-358(at)-357(the)-358(nearness)-357(of)-357(his)-358(self-imposed)-357(death.)-572(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-248(more)-248(probably)-248(the)-248(result)-248(of)-248(ascetic)-248(fervour)-248(and)-247(overstrained)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(excitement.)-648(The)-383(spectacle)-383(sent)-382(Lucian)-383(away)-383(in)-382(a)-383(fit)-383(of)-382(rather)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cruel)-250(laughter.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.011 3.959 Td [(1897)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -51.055 -22.122 Td [(The)-293(closing)-293(scene,)-303(which)-293(took)-293(place)-292(two)-293(or)-293(three)-293(miles)-292(from)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Olympia,)-291(was)-284(ordered)-283(with)-283(solemn)-283(religious)-283(effect.)-349(It)-283(evidently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impressed)-266(even)-266(the)-265(sceptic)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.156 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-266(imagination.)-297(A)-266(high)-266(pyre)-265(had)-266(been)]TJ -120.789 -13.55 Td [(prepared,)-270(with)-266(torches)-267(and)-266(faggots)-266(ready.)-299(As)-266(the)-266(moon)-266(rose,)-270(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(voluntary)-264(victim)-264(appeared)-265(in)-264(the)-264(garb)-264(of)-264(his)-265(sect,)-267(surrounded)-264(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-364(leading)-365(disciples.)-592(He)-365(then)-364(disrobed)-364(himself,)-393(flung)-364(incense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-279(the)-279(flame,)-287(and,)-286(turning)-279(to)-279(the)-279(south,)-286(cried)-279(aloud)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 223.674 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Daemons)]TJ -239.427 -13.549 Td [(of)-259(my)-260(father)-259(and)-259(my)-259(mother)-259(graciously)-260(receive)-259(me.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 224.694 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.672 0 Td [(After)-259(these)]TJ -232.366 -13.55 Td [(words,)-260(he)-258(leapt)-258(into)-257(the)-258(blaze)-258(which)-258(at)-258(once)-258(enveloped)-258(him,)-259(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-275(was)-276(seen)-275(no)-276(more.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.719 3.959 Td [(1898)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.996 -3.959 Td [(The)-275(Cynic)-276(brothers)-275(stood)-276(long)-275(gazing)]TJ -114.715 -13.549 Td [(into)-300(the)-300(pyre)-300(in)-300(silent)-300(grief,)-312(until)-300(Lucian)-300(aroused)-300(their)-300(anger)-299(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-330(jeers,)-349(not,)-349(perhaps,)-350(in)-329(the)-330(best)-329(taste.)-489(On)-329(his)-329(way)-330(back)-329(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Olympia,)-443(he)-404(pondered)-404(on)-404(the)-404(follies)-404(of)-404(men,)-442(and)-404(the)-404(craving)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-354(empty)-354(fame.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.254 3.959 Td [(1899)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.574 -3.959 Td [(To)-354(Lucian)-354(there)-354(was)-354(nothing)-355(more)-354(in)-354(the)]TJ -94.828 -13.549 Td [(tragic)-298(scene)-297(than)-298(that.)-392(And)-297(he)-298(amused)-297(himself)-298(by)-297(the)-298(way)-297(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-374(creation)-374(of)-374(a)-374(myth,)-406(and)-374(watching)-374(how)-374(it)-374(would)-374(grow.)-622(To)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-235(who)-235(met)-235(him)-235(on)-235(the)-235(road,)-238(too)-235(late)-235(for)-235(the)-235(spectacle,)-238(he)-235(told)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([358])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.228 Td [(1896)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1897)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.022 0 Td [(c.)-274(34,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.215 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.589 0 Td [(\264\255)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.061 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.571 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\254\266\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.554 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\274\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.177 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.571 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.97 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\255\273\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.582 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.695 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.535 0 Td [(Baur)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 17.43 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-258(view)-258(of)-258(this)-258(piece)]TJ -211.118 -10.959 Td [(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Ch.)-430(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.533 0 Td [(ii.)-430(170\051.)-431(He)-310(thinks)-310(the)-310(self-immolation)-310(of)-310(Peregrinus)-310(pure)-311(fiction,)]TJ -39.519 -10.959 Td [(and)-250(that)-250(Lucian)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 55.78 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(object)-250(throughout)-250(was)-250(to)-250(discredit)-250(Christianity.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.505 -7.31 Td [(1898)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(De)-250(Morte)-250(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.235 0 Td [(c.)-250(36.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.355 -7.311 Td [(1899)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(38.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1962 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1963 0 R /Resources 1961 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1965 0 R >> endobj 1964 0 obj << /D [1962 0 R /XYZ 112.642 147.733 null] >> endobj 1961 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1968 0 obj << /Length 5420 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(434)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(how,)-326(as)-312(the)-311(pyre)-311(burst)-311(into)-311(flame,)-327(there)-311(was)-311(a)-311(great)-311(earthquake)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accompanied)-335(by)-336(subterranean)-335(thunder,)-356(and)-336(a)-335(vulture)-335(rose)-335(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-246(fire,)-246(proclaiming)-246(in)-245(a)-246(high)-246(human)-245(voice,)-247(as)-246(it)-245(winged)-246(its)-245(way)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heavenwards,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.821 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(I)-184(have)-183(left)-184(earth)-183(behind,)-197(and)-184(I)-183(go)-184(to)-184(Olympus.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 192.683 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.958 Td [(1900)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-226(poor)-225(fools,)-231(on)-225(whose)-226(credulity)-226(Lucian)-225(was)-226(rather)-225(heartlessly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(playing,)-322(with)-307(a)-308(shudder)-307(of)-307(awe)-308(fell)-307(to)-308(questioning)-307(him)-307(whether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-438(bird)-438(flew)-438(to)-438(the)-438(east)-438(or)-438(the)-438(west.)-814(And,)-485(on)-438(his)-437(return)-438(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Olympia,)-320(he)-306(was)-306(rewarded)-307(in)-306(the)-306(way)-306(he)-306(liked)-306(best,)-320(by)-306(finding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-336(tale)-337(which)-336(he)-337(had)-336(cradled)-337(already)-336(full)-337(grown.)-509(A)-336(venerable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(man,)-377(whom)-351(he)-351(encountered,)-376(related)-352(that)-351(with)-351(his)-351(own)-351(eyes)-351(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-423(seen)-424(the)-423(vulture)-424(rising)-423(from)-424(the)-423(pyre,)-467(and)-424(added)-423(that)-423(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-390(just)-389(met)-390(Peregrinus)-389(himself)-390(walking)-389(in)-390(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 218.23 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(seven-voiced)]TJ -223.074 -13.549 Td [(cloister,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.844 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.268 0 Td [(clothed)-222(in)-223(white)-222(raiment,)-228(and)-222(with)-222(a)-222(chaplet)-223(of)-222(olive)-222(on)]TJ -42.112 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(head.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 38.782 3.958 Td [(1901)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -26.826 -17.814 Td [(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.294 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-246(picture)-247(of)-246(the)-247(death)-246(of)-247(Peregrinus,)-247(whatever)-246(we)-247(may)]TJ -45.883 -13.549 Td [(think)-287(of)-286(its)-287(fairness)-286(and)-287(discernment,)-296(is)-286(immensely)-287(valuable)-286(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(many)-261(things)-262(besides)-261(the)-262(light)-261(which)-262(it)-261(casts)-262(on)-261(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 237.174 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-261(attitude)]TJ -240.807 -13.549 Td [(to)-410(all)-410(forms)-411(of)-410(extravagance)-410(and)-410(superstition.)-731(In)-410(spite)-410(of)-410(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-389(for)-389(them,)-423(he)-389(himself)-389(reveals)-389(that)-389(the)-389(Cynics)-389(were)-388(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-206(popular)-205(force.)-236(We)-205(see)-206(also)-206(that)-205(Cynicism)-206(was,)-214(in)-206(spite)-206(of)-205(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generally)-295(deistic)-294(spirit,)-306(sometimes)-295(leagued)-294(with)-295(real)-295(or)-294(affected)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(religious)-268(sentiment.)-304(As)-268(to)-268(the)-268(real)-268(character)-268(of)-268(Peregrinus,)-272(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-464(reason)-464(to)-464(believe)-464(that)-465(Lucian)-464(did)-464(not)-464(read)-464(it)-464(aright.)-892(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impression)-389(which)-390(the)-389(Cynic)-390(made)-389(on)-389(Aulus)-390(Gellius)-389(was)-389(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(different.)-564(When)-355(Gellius)-355(was)-355(at)-354(Athens)-355(in)-355(his)-355(student)-354(days,)-381(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(used)-262(often)-261(to)-262(visit)-261(Peregrinus,)-265(who)-261(was)-262(then)-261(living)-262(in)-261(a)-262(little)-261(hut)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-359(the)-358(suburbs,)-386(and)-359(he)-359(found)-358(the)-359(Cynic)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.066 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-359(discourses)-358(profitable)]TJ -180.699 -13.549 Td [(and)-278(high-toned.)-333(In)-278(particular,)-285(Peregrinus)-277(used)-278(to)-278(tell)-278(his)-277(hearers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-254(the)-254(chance)-254(of)-255(apparent)-254(evasion)-254(or)-254(concealment)-254(would)-254(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tempt)-298(the)-299(wise)-298(man)-298(to)-299(sin.)-395(Concealment)-298(was)-298(really)-298(impossible,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for,)-415(in)-382(the)-382(words)-381(of)-382(Sophocles,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 146.303 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Time,)-415(the)-382(all-seeing,)-415(the)-381(all-)]TJ -151.146 -13.55 Td [(hearing,)-411(lays)-379(bare)-379(all)-379(secrets.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.998 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.977 0 Td [(Evidently)-379(Peregrinus)-379(had)-379(other)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 81.071 Td [(1900)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(De)-250(Morte)-250(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.235 0 Td [(c.)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.355 -7.311 Td [(1901)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(40.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1967 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1968 0 R /Resources 1966 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1965 0 R >> endobj 1966 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1971 0 obj << /Length 4772 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(435)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(admirers)-348(besides)-348(the)-348(Cynic)-348(brethren)-348(who)-348(hailed)-348(his)-347(apotheosis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-262(Olympia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.649 3.959 Td [(1902)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.571 -3.959 Td [(Who)-262(can)-263(draw)-262(the)-263(line,)-265(in)-263(such)-262(an)-262(age,)-266(between)]TJ -71.22 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(fanatic)-250(and)-250(the)-250(impostor?)]TJ 11.956 -19.383 Td [(The)-403(bitterness)-404(with)-403(which)-404(Lucian)-403(assails)-403(the)-404(Cynics)-403(of)-403(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([359])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(day,)-288(while)-280(it)-280(was)-280(justified)-280(by)-281(the)-280(scandalous)-280(morals)-280(of)-280(a)-280(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(number,)-356(is)-334(also)-335(a)-334(testimony)-335(to)-334(the)-335(world-wide)-334(influence)-335(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sect.)-692(The)-397(ranks)-398(of)-397(these)-397(rude)-398(field-preachers)-397(would)-397(not)-397(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attracted)-180(so)-179(many)-180(impostors)-179(if)-180(the)-180(profession)-179(had)-180(not)-179(commanded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-253(power)-253(and)-254(influence)-253(over)-253(the)-253(masses.)-260(The)-253(older)-253(Cynicism,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-334(sprang)-334(from)-334(the)-334(simpler)-334(and)-334(more)-334(popular)-334(aspect)-334(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Socratic)-419(teaching,)-461(had)-419(long)-419(disappeared.)-756(Its)-419(place)-419(was)-418(taken)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-318(the)-319(Stoic)-318(system,)-335(which)-319(gave)-318(a)-318(broad)-319(and)-318(highly)-318(elaborated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scientific)-273(basis)-272(to)-273(the)-272(doctrine)-272(of)-273(the)-272(freedom)-273(and)-272(independence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(the)-364(virtuous)-364(will.)-592(The)-364(rules)-364(of)-364(conduct)-364(were)-364(deduced)-364(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-293(well-articulated)-293(theory)-293(of)-293(the)-293(universe)-293(and)-293(human)-293(nature,)-303(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-198(were)-198(expounded)-198(with)-198(all)-198(the)-198(dexterity)-198(of)-198(a)-198(finished)-197(dialectic.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-181(later)-181(Stoicism,)-195(as)-182(we)-181(have)-181(seen,)-195(like)-181(the)-181(other)-182(schools,)-194(tended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-270(neglect)-270(theory,)-274(in)-270(the)-270(effort)-269(to)-270(form)-270(the)-270(virtuous)-269(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 264.877 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(a)]TJ -275.787 -13.549 Td [(tendency)-292(which)-292(is)-292(seen)-292(at)-292(its)-292(height)-292(in)-292(Musonius)-292(and)-292(Epictetus.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But,)-227(as)-222(Stoicism)-221(became)-222(less)-221(scientific,)-227(it)-222(inclined)-221(to)-222(return)-221(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-344(more)-345(to)-344(the)-344(spirit)-345(and)-344(method)-344(of)-345(the)-344(older)-344(Cynicism.)-533(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(true,)-335(earnest)-319(Cynic)-318(seems)-318(to)-318(be)-319(almost)-318(the)-318(philosophic)-318(ideal)-318(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Epictetus.)-802(Thus)-434(it)-434(was)-434(that,)-480(in)-434(the)-434(first)-434(century)-434(after)-434(Christ,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cynicism)-384(emerged)-384(from)-383(its)-384(long)-384(obscurity)-383(to)-384(take)-384(up)-384(the)-383(part)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-304(a)-304(rather)-303(one-sided)-304(popular)-304(Stoicism.)-411(It)-304(was)-304(really)-304(pointed)-303(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sensational)-377(preaching)-377(of)-377(a)-376(few)-377(great)-377(moral)-377(truths,)-409(common)-376(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-377(the)-376(schools,)-409(which)-376(the)-377(condition)-377(of)-376(society)-377(urgently)-376(called)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 15.448 3.959 Td [(1903)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -3.492 -23.342 Td [(The)-497(ideal)-496(of)-497(the)-496(Cynic)-497(life)-496(has)-497(been)-496(painted)-497(with)-496(gentle)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 102.988 Td [(1902)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(A.)-301(Gell.)-403(xii.)-403(11,)-314(virum)-301(gravem)-301(atque)-301(constantem)-301(vidimus)-301(...)-403(deversantem)]TJ -11.956 -10.958 Td [(in)-250(quodam)-250(tugurio)-250(extra)-250(urbem.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(1903)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.209 0 Td [(Phil.)-334(der)-278(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.267 0 Td [(iii.)-334(1,)-285(p.)-335(685;)-292(Bernays,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.463 0 Td [(Luc.)-334(u.)-335(die)-278(Kyniker)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 70.249 0 Td [(,)-285(p.)-334(27)]TJ -257.143 -10.959 Td [(sq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1970 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1971 0 R /Resources 1969 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1965 0 R >> endobj 1972 0 obj << /D [1970 0 R /XYZ 301.182 471.694 null] >> endobj 1973 0 obj << /D [1970 0 R /XYZ 84.936 77.101 null] >> endobj 1969 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1976 0 obj << /Length 11309 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(436)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(enthusiasm)-217(by)-216(Epictetus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.054 3.959 Td [(1904)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.044 -3.959 Td [(The)-216(true)-217(Cynic)-216(is)-217(a)-216(messenger)-217(from)]TJ -127.098 -13.549 Td [(Zeus,)-228(to)-222(tell)-223(men)-222(that)-223(they)-222(have)-222(wandered)-223(far)-222(from)-223(the)-222(right)-222(way,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-223(they)-223(are)-223(seeking)-222(happiness)-223(in)-223(regions)-223(where)-223(happiness)-223(is)-222(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-221(be)-221(found.)-240(It)-220(is)-221(not)-221(to)-221(be)-220(found)-221(in)-221(the)-221(glory)-220(of)-221(consulships,)-227(or)-220(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-288(Golden)-288(House)-288(of)-289(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 119.515 3.959 Td [(1905)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.414 -3.959 Td [(It)-288(lies)-288(close)-288(to)-289(us,)-297(yet)-288(in)-288(the)-289(last)]TJ -139.929 -13.549 Td [(place)-187(where)-187(we)-186(ever)-187(seek)-187(it,)-199(in)-187(ourselves,)-200(in)-186(the)-187(clear)-187(vision)-187(of)-186(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ruling)-210(faculty,)-218(in)-210(freedom)-210(from)-210(the)-210(bondage)-210(to)-210(imagined)-210(good,)-218(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-271(things)-271(of)-270(sense.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 84.31 3.959 Td [(1906)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.846 -3.959 Td [(This)-271(preaching)-271(was)-270(also)-271(to)-271(be)-271(preaching)]TJ -104.156 -13.549 Td [(by)-398(example.)-694(The)-398(gospel)-398(of)-398(renunciation)-398(has)-398(been)-397(discredited)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([360])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(from)-266(age)-267(to)-266(age)-267(when)-266(it)-266(has)-267(come)-266(from)-267(the)-266(lips)-266(of)-267(a)-266(man)-266(lapped)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-316(downy)-315(comfort,)-333(who)-315(never)-316(gave)-316(up)-315(anything)-316(in)-316(his)-315(life,)-332(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-258(indolently)-258(points)-258(his)-258(flock)-258(to)-258(the)-258(steep)-258(road)-258(which)-258(he)-258(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(means)-191(to)-190(tread)-190(with)-191(his)-190(own)-191(feet.)-230(But)-191(the)-190(Cynic)-191(of)-190(Epictetus,)-202(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-272(true)-272(vocation,)-278(could)-272(point)-272(to)-272(himself,)-278(without)-272(home)-272(or)-272(wife)-272(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(children,)-229(without)-225(a)-224(city,)-229(without)-225(possessions,)-229(having)-224(forsaken)-224(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-207(moral)-206(freedom.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.754 3.959 Td [(1907)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.007 -3.959 Td [(He)-207(has)-206(done)-207(it)-206(at)-207(the)-206(call)-207(of)-206(God,)-215(not)-207(from)]TJ -100.761 -13.549 Td [(mere)-285(caprice,)-295(or)-285(a)-285(fancy)-285(to)-286(wander)-285(lawlessly)-285(on)-286(the)-285(outskirts)-285(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(society.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.633 3.959 Td [(1908)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.118 -3.959 Td [(He)-340(has)-340(done)-341(it)-340(because)-340(the)-340(condition)-341(of)-340(the)-340(world)]TJ -55.751 -13.549 Td [(demands)-371(such)-371(stern)-372(self-rest)1(raint)-372(in)-371(the)-371(chief)-371(who)-371(would)-371(save)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-400(discipline)-400(of)-400(an)-400(army)-401(engaged)-400(in)-400(desperate)-400(battle.)-700(It)-400(is)-400(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(combat)-315(like)-315(the)-315(Olympian)-314(strife)-315(which)-315(he)-315(has)-315(to)-315(face,)-331(and)-314(woe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-356(him)-356(who)-356(enters)-356(the)-356(lists)-356(untrained)-356(and)-356(unprepared.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.033 3.959 Td [(1909)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.633 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(care)-313(of)-312(wife)-313(and)-312(children)-312(is)-313(not)-312(for)-313(one)-312(who)-313(has)-312(laid)-313(upon)-312(him)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 198.199 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 191.386 Td [(1904)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.866 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.911 0 Td [(iii.)-1081(22,)-597(\247)-527(23,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.739 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.713 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\255\275\261\271)-527(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.738 0 Td [(\326)-527(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.825 0 Td [(\304\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.219 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\263\263\265\273\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.866 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.192 0 Td [(\224\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.774 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.972 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\255\303\304\261\273\304\261\271)-212(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.164 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-212(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.877 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.556 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\277\305\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.969 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.139 0 Td [(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.768 0 Td [(v)-212(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.242 0 Td [(\263\261\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.44 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-212(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.724 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.534 0 Td [(\272\261\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.853 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.444 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\277\264\265\257\276\311\275)-212(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.233 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.972 -10.959 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\304\271)-230(\300\265\300\273\254\275\267\304\261\271)-230(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 63.066 0 Td [(v)-230(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.404 0 Td [(\273\273\261\307\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.999 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.606 0 Td [(\266\267\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.687 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\271)-230(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.838 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-230(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.072 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\257\261\275)-230(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.557 0 Td [(\346)-230(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.314 0 Td [(\263\261\270\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.906 0 Td [(\346)-230(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.071 0 Td [(\300\277\305)-230(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.254 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.633 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.324 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\300\277\305)-250(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 20.264 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.227 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271\275)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.03 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.815 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\270\305\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.864 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\261\271)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.149 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -132.178 -7.394 Td [(1905)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(22,)-250(\247\247)-250(28-30.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1906)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.528 0 Td [(\247)-203(38,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.41 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\300\277\305)-203(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.009 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.363 0 Td [(\264\277\272\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.099 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\265)-203(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.904 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.583 0 Td [(\270\255\273\265\304\265)-203(\266\267\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.4 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\303\261\271)-203(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.154 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\314)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.059 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.453 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.103 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\270\255\273\265\304\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.361 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.144 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\301\265\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -264.957 -10.959 Td [(\002)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.951 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.006 -7.311 Td [(1907)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.309 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.725 0 Td [(iii.)-685(22,)-431(\247)-395(47,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.032 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\265\304\255)-395(\274\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.822 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.108 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\304\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.033 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\277\273\257\302)-395(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.516 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\274\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 7.469 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.108 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\277\271\272\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.798 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.783 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\272\304\256\274\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.872 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\264\277\305\273\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.164 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -33.611 -7.31 Td [(1908)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.289 0 Td [(\247)-399(56,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 23.182 0 Td [(\232\305\275\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.483 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.855 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.344 0 Td [(\232\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.89 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\261\301)-399(\304\257\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.583 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.902 0 Td [(")-399(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 16.408 0 Td [(\272\261\304\261\300\265\300\277\274\306)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.06 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-399(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.942 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-399(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.404 0 Td [(v)-399(\247)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -268.138 -10.959 Td [(\273\261\304\301\265\315\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.296 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.706 0 Td [(\226\265\315\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.651 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -62.877 -7.311 Td [(1909)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(52.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1975 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1976 0 R /Resources 1974 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1965 0 R >> endobj 1977 0 obj << /D [1975 0 R /XYZ 156.05 409.782 null] >> endobj 1974 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1980 0 obj << /Length 7223 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(437)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-241(care)-241(of)-241(the)-242(family)-241(of)-241(man,)-243(who)-241(has)-241(to)-241(console)-241(and)-241(admonish,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-377(guide)-377(them)-377(into)-377(the)-377(right)-377(way.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.305 3.959 Td [(1910)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.324 -3.959 Td [(All)-377(worldly)-377(loves)-377(and)]TJ -181.629 -13.549 Td [(entanglements)-364(must)-364(be)-364(put)-364(aside)-364(by)-364(one)-364(who)-364(claims)-364(to)-364(be)-364(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(spy)-392(and)-392(herald)-391(of)-392(God.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 105.863 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.118 0 Td [(The)-392(Cynic)-392(is)-391(the)-392(father)-392(of)-392(all)-391(men;)]TJ -119.825 -13.55 Td [(the)-377(men)-377(are)-377(his)-377(sons,)-408(the)-377(women)-377(his)-377(daughters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.851 3.959 Td [(1911)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.318 -3.959 Td [(When)-377(he)]TJ -240.169 -13.549 Td [(rebukes)-329(them,)-349(it)-330(is)-329(as)-329(a)-329(father)-330(in)-329(God,)-349(a)-329(minister)-329(of)-330(Zeus.)-487(Nor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-253(he)-253(take)-253(a)-253(part)-253(in)-252(the)-253(government)-253(of)-253(any)-253(earthly)-253(state,)-253(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-319(a)-318(petty)-319(affair)-318(in)-319(comparison)-319(with)-318(the)-319(ministry)-318(with)-319(which)-318(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-367(charged.)-599(How)-367(should)-367(he)-366(meddle)-367(with)-366(the)-367(administration)-366(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Athens)-344(or)-345(Corinth,)-367(who)-345(has)-344(to)-344(deal)-344(with)-345(the)-344(moral)-344(fortunes)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(whole)-274(commonwealth)-275(of)-275(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.844 3.959 Td [(1912)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.972 -3.959 Td [(Possessing)-275(in)-274(himself)-275(the)]TJ -169.816 -13.549 Td [(secret)-313(of)-313(happiness)-314(and)-313(woe,)-329(he)-313(never)-313(descends)-313(into)-313(the)-313(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contest,)-417(where)-383(he)-384(may)-383(be)-384(overcome)-383(by)-384(the)-383(vilest)-384(and)-383(poorest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirits,)-478(for)-432(objects)-432(which)-432(he)-433(has)-432(trained)-432(himself)-432(to)-432(regard)-432(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(absolutely)-317(indifferent)-317(or)-317(worthless.)-452(And)-317(so,)-334(he)-317(is)-317(proof)-317(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(spitefulness)-287(of)-287(fortune)-286(and)-287(the)-287(baseness)-287(or)-287(violence)-287(of)-286(man.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-348(will)-348(calmly)-348(suffer)-347(blows)-348(or)-348(insults)-348(as)-348(sent)-348(by)-347(Zeus,)-373(just)-347(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Heracles)-307(bore)-306(cheerfully)-307(and)-306(triumphantly)-307(the)-306(toils)-307(which)-306(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(laid)-285(on)-284(him)-285(by)-284(Eurystheus.)-353(The)-285(true)-284(Cynic)-285(will)-284(even)-285(love)-284(those)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(who)-289(buffet)-289(and)-289(insult)-290(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.159 3.959 Td [(1913)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.446 -3.959 Td [(He)-289(will)-289(also)-289(resemble)-290(his)-289(patron)]TJ -137.605 -13.549 Td [(hero)-229(in)-228(the)-229(fresh)-229(comely)-229(strength)-228(of)-229(his)-229(body,)-233(which)-228(is)-229(the)-229(gift)-228(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([361])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(temperance)-237(and)-237(long)-236(days)-237(passed)-237(under)-237(the)-236(open)-237(sky.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.429 3.959 Td [(1914)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.118 -3.959 Td [(Above)]TJ -251.547 -13.549 Td [(all,)-406(he)-375(will)-375(have)-375(a)-374(conscience)-375(clearer)-375(than)-375(the)-375(sun,)-406(so)-374(that,)-406(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peace)-245(with)-246(himself)-245(and)-245(having)-245(assurance)-245(of)-246(the)-245(friendship)-245(of)-245(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gods,)-327(he)-312(may)-311(be)-312(able)-311(to)-312(speak)-312(with)-311(all)-312(boldness)-311(to)-312(his)-311(brothers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-275(his)-275(children.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.965 3.959 Td [(1915)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.991 -3.959 Td [(This)-275(was)-275(the)-276(kind)-275(of)-275(moral)-275(ministry)-275(which)]TJ -92.956 -13.549 Td [(was)-204(needed)-203(by)-204(the)-203(age,)-213(and,)-213(in)-203(spite)-204(of)-203(both)-204(undeserved)-203(calumny,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.551 Td [(1910)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(67.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1911)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.145 0 Td [(\247)-272(81,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 20.61 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.625 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\277\305\302)-272(\300\265\300\261\271\264\277\300\277\257\267\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 96.51 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.725 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.093 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\264\301\261\302)-272(\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.473 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.093 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.759 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.725 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\263\305\275\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.058 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\261\302)-250(\270\305\263\261\304\255\301\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.439 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -76.873 -7.311 Td [(1912)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(84.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1913)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(100.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1914)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-250(iii.)-250(22,)-250(\247\247)-250(86,)-250(87.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(1915)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.04 0 Td [(\247)-260(93,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 20.374 0 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.002 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.795 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\311\275)-260(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.272 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.096 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)-260(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.583 0 Td [(\263\265\274\277\275\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.078 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-260(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.583 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.876 0 Td [(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.061 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.966 0 Td [(\272\261\270\261\301\316\304\265\301\277\275)-260(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.038 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-260(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.54 0 Td [(\346)]TJ -276.083 -10.959 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\273\257\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.381 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1979 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1980 0 R /Resources 1978 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1965 0 R >> endobj 1981 0 obj << /D [1979 0 R /XYZ 68.652 247.191 null] >> endobj 1978 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1984 0 obj << /Length 5910 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(438)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-339(the)-340(real)-339(shame)-340(of)-339(many)-339(corrupt)-340(impostors)-339(in)-339(its)-340(ranks,)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(missionary)-237(movement)-236(of)-237(Cynicism)-237(was)-236(one)-237(of)-237(undoubted)-236(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-223(range.)-241(The)-222(resemblance,)-228(in)-223(many)-223(points,)-228(of)-222(the)-223(Cynics)-223(to)-222(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(early)-323(Christian)-323(monks)-322(and)-323(ascetics)-323(has)-323(been)-323(often)-322(noticed,)-341(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(men)-317(sometimes)-317(passed)-317(from)-318(the)-317(one)-317(camp)-317(to)-317(the)-317(other)-317(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-327(violent)-326(wrench.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.019 3.959 Td [(1916)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.675 -3.959 Td [(The)-327(rhetor)-326(Aristides,)-346(in)-327(a)-326(fierce)-327(attack)]TJ -109.694 -13.549 Td [(on)-443(the)-443(Cynic)-444(sect,)-491(makes)-443(it)-443(a)-444(reproach)-443(that)-443(they)-443(have)-443(much)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-331(common)-332(with)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.913 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-331(impious)-332(in)-331(Palestine.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.945 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.46 0 Td [(Tatian,)-352(and)-331(others)]TJ -200.162 -13.549 Td [(of)-365(the)-365(Gnostic)-365(ascetics,)-393(were)-365(in)-365(close)-365(connection)-365(with)-364(leading)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Cynics.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.033 3.959 Td [(1917)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.467 -3.959 Td [(How)-351(easily)-351(they)-351(were)-350(absorbed)-351(into)-351(the)-351(bosom)-351(of)]TJ -55.5 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(Church)-334(we)-335(can)-334(see)-335(from)-334(the)-335(tale)-335(of)-334(Maximus,)-356(an)-334(Egyptian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cynic)-180(of)-180(the)-179(fourth)-180(century,)-194(who)-180(continued)-179(to)-180(wear)-180(the)-179(distinctive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(marks)-395(of)-394(the)-395(philosophic)-394(brotherhood,)-431(till)-395(he)-394(was)-395(installed)-394(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bishop)-250(of)-249(Constantinople.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.421 3.958 Td [(1918)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.164 -3.958 Td [(And)-250(the)-249(contemporary)-250(eulogies)-249(of)]TJ -131.585 -13.55 Td [(Cynic)-253(virtue)-254(by)-253(John)-254(Chrysostom)-253(and)-253(Themistius)-254(testify)-253(at)-253(once)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-288(the)-289(importance)-288(of)-289(a)-288(movement)-288(the)-289(strength)-288(of)-289(which)-288(was)-288(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spent)-234(till)-234(after)-234(the)-234(fall)-234(of)-234(the)-234(Western)-234(Empire,)-237(and)-234(to)-234(its)-234(affinities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-250(the)-250(kindred)-250(movement)-250(of)-250(Christian)-250(asceticism.)]TJ 11.956 -18.021 Td [(These)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.346 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(ambassadors)-394(of)-393(God,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.936 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.139 0 Td [(as)-394(they)-393(claimed)-394(to)-394(be,)-430(cared)]TJ -151.22 -13.549 Td [(little,)-450(like)-411(S.)-410(Paul,)-451(for)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 105.992 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-410(wisdom)-411(of)-410(the)-410(world,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 116.383 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.32 0 Td [(or)-410(for)-411(the)]TJ -236.539 -13.549 Td [(figments)-419(of)-419(the)-418(poets,)-461(and)-419(those)-419(great)-419(cosmic)-419(theories)-418(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(enabled)-290(Seneca)-290(to)-290(sustain)-290(or)-290(rekindle)-290(his)-290(moral)-290(faith.)-370(With)-289(rare)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exceptions,)-186(such)-171(as)-170(Oenomaus)-171(of)-170(Gadara,)-187(they)-170(seldom)-170(committed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-308(ideas)-307(to)-308(writing.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95.216 3.959 Td [(1919)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.055 -3.959 Td [(For)-308(the)-307(serried)-308(dialectic)-308(of)-308(the)-307(Stoics)]TJ -116.271 -13.549 Td [(they)-299(substituted)-298(the)-299(sharp)-298(biting)-299(epigram)-299(and)-298(lively)-299(repartee,)-310(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-325(even)-325(the)-325(gentle)-325(Demonax)-325(indulged.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.301 3.958 Td [(1920)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.619 -3.958 Td [(Demetrius,)-344(who)]TJ -209.92 -13.55 Td [(saw)-377(the)-377(reigns)-378(of)-377(both)-377(Caligula)-377(and)-377(Domitian,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.908 3.959 Td [(1921)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.9 -3.959 Td [(was)-377(a)-377(man)]TJ -231.808 -13.549 Td [(of)-424(real)-425(power)-424(and)-425(di)1(stinction.)-774(He)-424(was)-424(revered)-425(by)-424(Seneca)-424(as)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([362])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.549 Td [(1916)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Bernays,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.866 0 Td [(Luc.)-250(u.)-250(die)-250(Kyniker)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.485 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(36-38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -117.046 -7.311 Td [(1917)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(99.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1918)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(37;)-250(Caspari,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.542 0 Td [(De)-250(Cyn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.625 0 Td [(p.)-250(25.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -112.814 -7.311 Td [(1919)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1920)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)-250(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.62 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.412 0 Td [(c.)-250(16-21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66.727 -7.311 Td [(1921)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(vii.)-250(11;)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.039 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(T.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.382 0 Td [(vii.)-250(42.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1983 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1984 0 R /Resources 1982 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1965 0 R >> endobj 1985 0 obj << /D [1983 0 R /XYZ 329.562 147.875 null] >> endobj 1982 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1988 0 obj << /Length 5903 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(439)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(a)-362(moral)-363(teacher)-362(of)-362(remarkable)-362(influence,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 187.282 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(a)-362(great)-363(man)-362(even)-362(if)]TJ -192.125 -13.549 Td [(compared)-392(with)-392(the)-392(greatest,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 125.224 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1922)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.714 -3.959 Td [(who)-392(lived)-392(up)-392(to)-392(the)-392(severest)]TJ -150.782 -13.549 Td [(counsels)-285(which)-286(he)-285(addressed)-286(to)-285(others.)-356(He)-285(would)-286(bear)-285(cold)-285(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nakedness)-401(and)-401(hard)-401(lodging)-401(with)-401(cheerful)-401(fortitude,)-439(he)-400(was)-401(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(man)-276(whom)-276(not)-277(even)-276(the)-276(age)-276(of)-276(Nero)-277(could)-276(corrupt.)-328(His)-276(poverty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-404(genuine,)-443(and)-404(he)-404(would)-404(never)-405(beg.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 177.137 3.959 Td [(1923)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.211 -3.959 Td [(He)-404(set)-404(little)-405(store)]TJ -201.348 -13.549 Td [(by)-258(philosophical)-258(theory,)-260(in)-258(comparison)-258(with)-258(diligent)-258(application)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-424(a)-424(few)-423(tried)-424(and)-424(well-conned)-424(precepts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 186.772 3.959 Td [(1924)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.854 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-424(he)-424(had)-423(the)]TJ -211.626 -13.549 Td [(brand)-384(of)-383(culture,)-417(and)-384(once,)-417(when)-383(his)-384(taste)-384(was)-383(offended)-384(by)-383(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(bad,)-301(tactless)-290(reader,)-301(who)-290(was)-291(ruining)-290(a)-291(passage)-290(in)-291(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 240.343 0 Td [(Bacchae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.56 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(he)-366(snatched)-366(the)-366(book)-366(from)-366(his)-366(hands)-366(and)-366(tore)-367(it)-366(in)-366(pieces.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1925)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Although)-348(he)-349(disdained)-348(the)-348(trimmed,)-373(artificial)-349(eloquence)-348(of)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(schools,)-284(he)-277(had)-277(the)-278(fire)-277(and)-277(impetus)-277(of)-278(the)-277(true)-277(orator.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.756 3.959 Td [(1926)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.056 -3.959 Td [(With)]TJ -258.812 -13.549 Td [(little)-400(taste)-399(for)-400(abstract)-399(musings,)-437(he)-399(consoled)-400(the)-399(last)-400(hours)-399(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Thrasea)-283(in)-283(prison)-283(with)-283(a)-283(discourse)-283(on)-283(the)-283(nature)-283(of)-283(the)-283(soul)-282(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-424(mystery)-423(of)-424(its)-424(severance)-423(from)-424(the)-423(body)-424(at)-424(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.062 3.959 Td [(1927)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.848 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(formed)-295(a)-295(close)-295(alliance)-296(for)-295(a)-295(time)-295(with)-295(that)-295(roaming)-295(hierophant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-440(philosophy,)-488(Apollonius)-440(of)-440(Tyana,)-487(the)-440(bond)-440(between)-440(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-346(probably)-347(a)-346(common)-347(asceticism)-346(and)-346(a)-347(common)-346(hatred)-346(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-307(imperial)-307(tyranny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.438 3.959 Td [(1928)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.023 -3.959 Td [(For)-307(Demetrius,)-321(if)-306(not)-307(a)-307(revolutionary,)]TJ -113.461 -13.549 Td [(was)-359(a)-358(leader)-359(of)-359(the)-359(philosophic)-358(opposition,)-386(which)-359(assailed)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperors,)-223(not)-216(so)-216(much)-216(in)-216(their)-216(political)-216(capacity,)-222(as)-216(because)-216(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(too)-313(often)-314(represented)-313(and)-313(stimulated)-314(the)-313(moral)-313(lawlessness)-313(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(materialism)-266(of)-265(the)-266(age.)-297(Our)-265(sympathies)-266(must)-265(be)-266(with)-265(Demetrius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-440(he)-439(boldly)-440(faced)-440(the)-439(dangerous)-440(scowl)-440(of)-439(Nero)-440(with)-439(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.483 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.67 Td [(1922)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.784 0 Td [(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.044 0 Td [(vii.)-457(i.)-456(3,)-336(vir)-319(meo)-319(judicio)-319(magnus)-319(etiamsi)-318(maximis)-319(comparetur;)]TJ -50.783 -10.959 Td [(vii.)-250(8,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(1923)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(20,)-250(9;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(B.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.908 0 Td [(xviii.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -88.667 -7.311 Td [(1924)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.309 0 Td [(De)-338(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.693 0 Td [(vii.)-513(1,)-359(\247)-338(3,)-360(egregia)-337(hoc)-338(dicere)-337(solet,)-360(Plus)-337(prodesse,)-360(si)-338(pauca)]TJ -58.957 -10.959 Td [(praecepta)-250(sapientiae)-250(teneas,)-250(sed)-250(illa)-250(in)-250(promptu)-250(tibi)-250(sint,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(1925)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Adv.)-250(Indoct.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.818 0 Td [(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.939 -7.311 Td [(1926)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(vii.)-250(8,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -63.75 -7.31 Td [(1927)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(34.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.547 -7.311 Td [(1928)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(iv.)-250(25,)-250(42;)-250(vi.)-250(13;)-250(viii.)-250(10;)-250(vii.)-250(42.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1987 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1988 0 R /Resources 1986 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1989 0 R >> endobj 1986 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1992 0 obj << /Length 6213 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(440)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G /F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -30.759 Td [(mot)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.364 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.286 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(You)-231(threaten)-230(me)-231(with)-231(death,)-234(but)-231(nature)-230(threatens)-231(you.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 232.855 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1929)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-467(our)-466(sympathies)-467(will)-467(be)-467(rather)-466(with)-467(Vespasian,)-521(the)-466(plain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-336(soldier,)-358(who,)-358(when)-336(Demetrius)-336(openly)-336(insulted)-337(him,)-357(treated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.783 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Cynic)-316(bark)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.899 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.296 0 Td [(with)-316(quiet)-317(contempt.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 91.45 3.958 Td [(1930)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.34 -3.958 Td [(In)-316(truth,)-334(the)-316(Flavian)]TJ -191.612 -13.55 Td [(emperors,)-453(till)-412(the)-412(expulsi)1(on)-412(of)-412(the)-412(philosophers)-412(by)-412(Domitian,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seem)-456(to)-456(have)-456(been)-456(on)-456(the)-456(whole)-456(indulgent)-456(to)-456(the)-456(outspoken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedom)-367(of)-367(the)-367(Cynics.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.811 3.959 Td [(1931)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.995 -3.959 Td [(Occasionally,)-396(however,)-397(the)-367(daring)]TJ -126.806 -13.549 Td [(censor)-300(had,)-311(in)-300(the)-299(interests)-300(of)-299(authority,)-312(to)-300(be)-299(restrained.)-398(Once,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([363])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(when)-459(Titus)-460(was)-459(in)-459(the)-460(theatre,)-511(with)-460(the)-459(Jewess)-459(Berenice)-459(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-346(side,)-370(a)-346(Cynic,)-371(bearing)-346(the)-346(name)-346(of)-346(the)-346(founder)-346(of)-346(the)-346(sect,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gave)-428(voice)-429(in)-428(a)-428(long)-429(bitter)-428(oration)-428(to)-429(popular)-428(feeling)-428(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(what)-373(was)-373(regarded)-374(as)-373(a)-373(shameful)-373(union.)-620(This)-373(Cynic)-373(John)-373(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Baptist,)-312(got)-299(off)-299(with)-300(a)-299(scourging.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.758 3.959 Td [(1932)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.779 -3.959 Td [(A)-299(comrade)-300(named)-299(Heros,)]TJ -167.537 -13.549 Td [(however,)-236(repeated)-233(the)-233(offensive)-232(expostulation,)-236(and)-233(lost)-233(his)-232(head.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Peregrinus,)-342(for)-323(a)-324(similar)-323(attack)-324(on)-324(Antoninus)-323(Pius,)-342(was)-323(quietly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(warned)-219(by)-219(the)-219(prefect)-219(to)-218(leave)-219(the)-219(precincts)-219(of)-219(Rome.)-240(In)-219(the)-218(third)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(century)-390(there)-390(was)-389(a)-390(great)-390(change)-389(in)-390(the)-390(political)-390(fortunes)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attitude)-335(of)-335(the)-336(sect;)-377(Cynics)-336(are)-335(even)-335(found)-335(basking)-335(in)-335(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(favour,)-250(and)-250(lending)-250(their)-250(support)-250(to)-250(the)-250(imperial)-250(power.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.389 3.959 Td [(1933)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -230.434 -25.311 Td [(The)-605(Cynics,)-695(from)-605(the)-605(days)-606(of)-605(Antisthenes,)-694(had)-606(poured)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-402(on)-402(the)-401(popular)-402(religion)-402(and)-402(the)-402(worship)-402(of)-401(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(images)-197(of)-198(the)-197(Divine.)-233(They)-197(were)-197(probably)-198(the)-197(purest)-197(monotheists)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-600(classical)-601(antiquity)-600(produced.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.083 3.959 Td [(1934)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 30.631 -3.959 Td [(Demetrius)-600(is)-601(almost)]TJ -185.714 -13.549 Td [(Epicurean)-295(in)-295(his)-295(belief)-295(in)-295(eternal)-295(Fate,)-306(and)-295(his)-295(contempt)-295(for)-295(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wavering)-295(wills)-295(and)-294(caprices)-295(which)-295(mythological)-295(fancy)-294(ascribed)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.238 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.426 Td [(1929)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(i.)-250(25,)-250(\247)-250(22,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.6 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\265\271\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.619 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-250(\274\277\271)-250(\270\254\275\261\304\277\275)-250(\303\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 62.37 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.228 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.029 0 Td [(\306\315\303\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.847 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -230.739 -7.311 Td [(1930)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.583 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.3 0 Td [(xiii.)-379(philosophorum)-293(contumaciam)-293(lenissime)-293(tulit;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 181.738 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.3 0 Td [(x.;)-315(D.)]TJ -259.877 -10.959 Td [(Cass.)-250(lxvi.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1931)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Bernays,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.866 0 Td [(Luc.)-250(u.)-250(die)-250(Kyniker)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.485 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -117.046 -7.311 Td [(1932)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxvi.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(1933)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.223 0 Td [(De)-428(Morte)-429(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.032 0 Td [(c.)-785(19;)-518(the)-428(attempt)-428(of)-429(Peregrinus)-428(in)-428(Greece)-429(is)]TJ -106.21 -10.958 Td [(probably)-259(referred)-260(to)-259(in)-259(Jul.)-278(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 129.831 0 Td [(Ant.)-278(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.232 0 Td [(5,)-262(\247)-259(5;)-264(cf.)-278(Bernays,)-261(p.)-278(30;)-264(Caspari,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -157.063 -10.959 Td [(De)-250(Cyn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.624 0 Td [(p.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -34.364 -7.311 Td [(1934)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Bernays,)-250(p.)-250(31.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1991 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1992 0 R /Resources 1990 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1989 0 R >> endobj 1993 0 obj << /D [1991 0 R /XYZ 227.498 423.331 null] >> endobj 1990 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 1996 0 obj << /Length 6097 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(441)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-483(the)-482(Olympian)-483(gods.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.585 3.959 Td [(1935)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.779 -3.959 Td [(Demonax,)-541(the)-482(mildest)-483(and)-483(most)]TJ -131.364 -13.549 Td [(humane)-479(member)-479(of)-478(the)-479(school)-479(in)-479(imperial)-479(times,)-536(refused)-478(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offer)-434(sacrifices)-434(or)-434(even)-434(to)-434(seek)-434(initiation)-434(in)-434(the)-434(Mysteries)-434(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Eleusis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.244 3.958 Td [(1936)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.258 -3.958 Td [(When)-436(he)-436(was)-436(impeached)-437(for)-436(impiety)-436(before)-436(the)]TJ -59.502 -13.55 Td [(Athenian)-295(courts,)-306(he)-294(replied)-295(that,)-306(as)-295(for)-294(sacrifices,)-306(the)-295(Deity)-294(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-264(need)-263(of)-264(them,)-267(and)-264(that)-264(touching)-263(the)-264(Mysteries,)-267(he)-264(was)-264(in)-263(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dilemma:)-484(if)-366(they)-367(contained)-367(a)-367(revelation)-366(of)-367(what)-367(was)-367(good)-366(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men,)-278(he)-272(must)-272(in)-272(duty)-272(publish)-272(it;)-283(if)-272(they)-272(were)-272(bad)-272(and)-272(worthless,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-462(would)-462(feel)-461(equally)-462(bound)-462(to)-461(warn)-462(the)-462(people)-462(against)-461(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deception.)-525(But)-341(the)-342(most)-341(fearless)-341(and)-342(trenchant)-341(assailant)-342(of)-341(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popular)-331(theology)-330(among)-331(the)-331(Cynics)-330(was)-331(Oenomaus)-331(of)-330(Gadara,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-213(the)-212(reign)-213(of)-212(Hadrian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.465 3.959 Td [(1937)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.03 -3.959 Td [(Oenomaus)-213(rejected,)-220(with)-212(the)-213(frankest)]TJ -119.495 -13.549 Td [(scorn,)-319(the)-304(anthropomorphic)-305(fables)-305(of)-305(heathenism.)-415(In)-304(particular,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-367(directed)-368(his)-367(fiercest)-368(attacks)-367(against)-368(the)-367(revival)-368(of)-367(that)-367(faith)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-480(oracles)-480(and)-481(divination)-480(which)-480(was)-480(a)-480(marked)-480(characteristic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-391(the)-391(Antonine)-391(age.)-674(Plutarch,)-426(in)-391(a)-391(charming)-391(walk)-391(round)-391(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([364])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(sights)-258(of)-258(Delphi,)-260(in)-257(which)-258(he)-258(acts)-258(as)-258(cicerone,)-260(describes)-258(a)-257(Cynic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(named)-303(Didymus)-303(as)-304(assailing)-303(the)-303(influence)-303(of)-303(oracles)-303(on)-303(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.699 3.958 Td [(1938)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.559 -3.958 Td [(But)-323(Oenomaus,)-342(as)-323(we)-323(know)-323(him)-323(from)-323(Eusebius,)]TJ -64.258 -13.55 Td [(was)-451(a)-452(far)-451(more)-452(formidable)-451(and)-451(more)-452(pitiless)-451(iconoclast)-451(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Didymus.)-429(He)-310(constructed)-310(an)-310(elaborate)-310(historical)-309(demonstration)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-354(show)-354(that)-354(the)-355(oracles)-354(were)-354(inspired)-354(neither)-354(by)-354(the)-354(gods)-354(nor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-411(daemons,)-450(but)-411(were)-411(a)-410(very)-411(human)-411(contrivance)-410(to)-411(dupe)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(credulous.)-234(And)-202(in)-202(connection)-202(with)-202(the)-203(subject)-202(of)-202(oracles,)-211(he)-202(dealt)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-409(the)-409(question)-409(of)-409(free-will,)-449(and)-409(asserted)-409(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 220.422 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-409(inalienable)]TJ -224.055 -13.549 Td [(liberty,)-464(and)-421(the)-421(responsibility)-421(for)-421(all)-421(his)-421(actions)-421(which)-421(is)-421(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessary)-352(concomitant)-352(of)-351(freedom.)-556(Oenomaus)-352(treated)-351(Dodona)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-290(Delphi)-290(with)-290(such)-290(jaunty)-290(disrespect)-290(that,)-300(at)-290(the)-290(distance)-290(of)-290(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.228 Td [(1935)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.611 0 Td [(5,)-250(\247\247)-250(5-7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.238 -7.311 Td [(1936)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.953 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.588 0 Td [(c.)-309(11;)-279(Oenom.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.364 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.625 0 Td [(13,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.67 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.99 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\270\254\275\261\304\277\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.704 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.125 0 Td [(\273\257\270\271\275\277\271)-270(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.826 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.053 0 Td [(\276\315\273\271\275\277\271)]TJ -253.138 -10.959 Td [(\264\265\303\300\314\304\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.968 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.121 0 Td [(,)-250(14;)-250(cf.)-250(Julian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.538 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vii.)-250(204,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.885 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -183.887 -7.31 Td [(1937)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Caspari,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.366 0 Td [(De)-294(Cyn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.409 0 Td [(p.)-381(12;)-316(Bernays,)-305(p.)-381(35;)-316(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 109.609 0 Td [(Phil.)-381(der)-294(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.97 0 Td [(iii.)-381(1,)-305(p.)]TJ -251.309 -10.959 Td [(690.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1938)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(vii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1995 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 1996 0 R /Resources 1994 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1989 0 R >> endobj 1997 0 obj << /D [1995 0 R /XYZ 284.353 314.937 null] >> endobj 1994 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2000 0 obj << /Length 7254 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(442)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(century)-178(and)-177(a)-178(half,)-192(his)-178(memory)-177(aroused)-178(the)-178(anger)-177(of)-178(Julian)-178(to)-177(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-323(degree,)-341(that)-323(the)-322(imperial)-323(champion)-323(of)-323(paganism)-323(could)-322(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(find)-258(words)-258(strong)-259(enough)-258(to)-258(express)-258(his)-258(feelings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 214.539 3.959 Td [(1939)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.433 -3.959 Td [(Oenomaus)]TJ -233.972 -13.549 Td [(is)-288(a)-288(wretch)-289(who)-288(is)-288(cutting)-288(at)-289(the)-288(roots,)-298(not)-288(only)-288(of)-288(all)-288(reverence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-367(divine)-366(things,)-396(but)-367(of)-367(all)-367(those)-366(moral)-367(instincts)-367(implanted)-366(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-295(souls)-295(by)-295(God,)-306(which)-295(are)-295(the)-295(foundation)-295(of)-295(all)-295(right)-294(conduct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-230(justice.)-243(For)-230(such)-229(fellows)-230(no)-230(punishment)-229(could)-230(be)-230(too)-229(severe;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-250(are)-250(worse)-250(than)-250(brigands)-250(and)-250(wreckers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.727 3.959 Td [(1940)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -176.771 -26.316 Td [(The)-238(resolute)-238(rejection)-238(of)-238(the)-239(forms)-238(of)-238(popular)-238(worship,)-240(and)-238(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-339(claims)-339(of)-340(divination,)-361(is)-339(hardly)-339(less)-340(marked)-339(in)-339(the)-339(mild)-339(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tolerant)-290(Demonax.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.638 3.959 Td [(1941)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.489 -3.959 Td [(Demonax,)-301(whose)-290(life)-290(extended)-291(probably)]TJ -102.127 -13.549 Td [(from)-250(50)-251(to)-250(150)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 67.894 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.958 Td [(1942)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.172 -3.958 Td [(sprang)-250(from)-251(a)-250(family)-251(in)-250(Cyprus)-250(of)-251(some)]TJ -105.771 -13.55 Td [(wealth)-185(and)-185(distinction,)-198(and)-185(had)-185(a)-184(finished)-185(literary)-185(culture.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.938 3.959 Td [(1943)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.928 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.866 -13.549 Td [(he)-316(had)-315(conceived)-316(from)-315(childhood)-315(a)-316(passion)-315(for)-316(the)-315(philosophic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life,)-264(according)-261(to)-261(the)-261(ideal)-261(of)-262(that)-261(age.)-283(His)-261(teachers)-261(were)-261(Cynics)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-392(Stoics,)-427(but)-391(in)-392(speculative)-392(opinion)-391(he)-392(was)-392(broadly)-391(Eclectic.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-276(his)-275(long)-276(life)-275(he)-276(had)-275(associated)-276(with)-275(Demetrius)-276(and)-275(Epictetus,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Apollonius)-454(and)-453(Herodes)-454(Atticus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.682 3.959 Td [(1944)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.83 -3.959 Td [(When)-454(asked)-453(once)-454(who)]TJ -175.512 -13.549 Td [(was)-477(his)-476(favourite)-477(philosopher,)-533(he)-477(replied)-476(that)-477(he)-476(reverenced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Socrates,)-294(admired)-285(Diogenes,)-293(and)-285(loved)-285(Aristippus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 223.276 3.959 Td [(1945)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.308 -3.959 Td [(His)-285(tone)]TJ -243.584 -13.549 Td [(had)-217(perhaps)-218(the)-217(greatest)-217(affinity)-218(for)-217(the)-217(simplicity)-218(of)-217(the)-217(Socratic)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([365])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(teaching.)-515(But)-339(he)-338(did)-338(not)-339(adopt)-338(the)-339(irony)-338(of)-339(the)-338(master,)-360(which,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(if)-315(it)-314(was)-315(a)-315(potent)-315(arm)-314(of)-315(dialectic,)-331(often)-315(left)-315(the)-314(subject)-315(of)-315(it)-314(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-367(irritated)-366(and)-367(humiliated)-367(mood.)-600(Demonax)-366(was)-367(a)-367(true)-366(Cynic)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.442 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 169.629 Td [(1939)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Julian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vii.)-250(209.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.043 -7.311 Td [(1940)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Jul.)-308(vii.)-308(209,)-274(210,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 66.233 0 Td [(\264\271\261\306\255\301\277\305\303\271)-269(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.017 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)-269(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.166 0 Td [(W)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\257)-269(\304\271)-270(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.133 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.96 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.4 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301\267\274\257\261\302)-269(\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.057 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\303\304\265\305\314\275\304\311\275)]TJ -240.488 -10.958 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\272\261\304\265\271\273\267\306\314\304\311\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 60.021 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.899 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\272\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.428 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\273\305\274\261\257\275\265\303\270\261\271)-250(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.434 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-250(\272\261\304\261\300\273\255\277\305\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.893 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -248.965 -7.311 Td [(1941)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Bernays,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.881 0 Td [(Luc.)-254(u.)-254(die)-252(Kyniker)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.571 0 Td [(,)-252(p.)-254(104,)-252(agrees)-251(with)-251(Bekker)-252(that)-251(the)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 131.863 0 Td [(Demonax)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -246.271 -10.959 Td [(can)-326(hardly)-326(be)-326(a)-326(genuine)-325(work)-326(of)-326(Lucian.)-478(But)-326(its)-325(author)-326(was)-326(a)-326(contemporary)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(and)-250(friend)-250(of)-250(Demonax)-250(\050c.)-250(i.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 104.082 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\274\256\272\271\303\304\277\275)-250(\303\305\275\265\263\265\275\314\274\267\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 84.571 0 Td [(\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -204.752 -7.31 Td [(1942)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.894 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.007 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(691,)-250(n.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.596 -7.311 Td [(1943)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(3)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.532 -7.311 Td [(1944)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(3,)-250(24,)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1945)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(62.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 1999 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2000 0 R /Resources 1998 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1989 0 R >> endobj 2001 0 obj << /D [1999 0 R /XYZ 322.722 238.384 null] >> endobj 1998 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2004 0 obj << /Length 5747 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(443)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-318(his)-318(contempt)-317(for)-318(ordinary)-318(objects)-317(of)-318(greed)-318(and)-318(ambition,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1946)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(in)-339(the)-340(simple,)-361(austere)-340(fashion)-339(of)-339(his)-340(daily)-339(life,)-362(and)-339(in)-339(the)-339(keen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(epigrammatic)-435(point,)-481(often,)-481(to)-434(our)-435(taste,)-481(verging)-435(on)-434(rudeness,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-367(which)-368(he)-367(would)-368(expose)-367(pretence)-368(and)-367(rebuke)-368(any)-367(kind)-367(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(extravagance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.273 3.959 Td [(1947)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.822 -3.959 Td [(But)-423(although)-423(he)-423(cultivated)-422(a)-423(severe)-423(bodily)]TJ -85.095 -13.549 Td [(discipline,)-446(so)-408(as)-407(to)-407(limit)-407(to)-407(the)-408(ut)1(most)-408(his)-407(external)-407(wants,)-446(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carefully)-299(avoided)-300(any)-299(ostentatious)-299(singularity)-300(of)-299(manner)-299(to)-299(win)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-404(vulgar)-405(notoriety.)-713(He)-404(had)-404(an)-405(infinite)-404(charity)-404(for)-405(all)-404(sorts)-404(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men,)-529(excepting)-472(only)-473(those)-473(who)-473(seemed)-473(beyond)-473(the)-473(hope)-472(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(amendment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.629 3.959 Td [(1948)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.045 -3.959 Td [(His)-217(counsels)-216(were)-217(given)-217(with)-217(an)-216(Attic)-217(grace)-217(and)]TJ -72.674 -13.549 Td [(brightness)-161(which)-162(sent)-161(people)-162(away)-161(from)-161(his)-162(company)-161(cheered)-161(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(improved,)-262(and)-260(hopeful)-260(for)-260(the)-260(future.)-279(Treating)-260(error)-260(as)-260(a)-259(disease)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incident)-296(to)-297(human)-296(nature,)-308(he)-297(attacked)-296(the)-296(sin,)-308(but)-297(was)-296(gentle)-296(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-247(sinner.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.419 3.958 Td [(1949)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.156 -3.958 Td [(He)-247(made)-248(it)-247(his)-248(task)-247(to)-247(compose)-248(the)-247(feuds)-248(of)-247(cities)]TJ -64.575 -13.55 Td [(and)-290(to)-290(stimulate)-289(unselfish)-290(patriotism;)-310(he)-290(reconciled)-290(the)-289(quarrels)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-272(kinsmen;)-284(he)-272(would,)-278(on)-272(occasion,)-278(chasten)-272(the)-273(prosperous,)-277(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(comfort)-305(the)-304(failing)-305(and)-305(unfortunate,)-318(by)-305(reminding)-304(both)-305(alike)-304(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-211(brief)-210(span)-211(allotted)-210(to)-211(either)-210(joy)-211(or)-210(sorrow,)-219(and)-210(the)-211(long)-210(repose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-301(oblivion)-301(which)-302(would)-301(soon)-301(set)-301(a)-301(term)-302(to)-301(all)-301(the)-301(agitations)-301(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sorrow)-250(or)-250(of)-250(joy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.32 3.959 Td [(1950)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -61.364 -21.908 Td [(But)-408(there)-409(was)-408(another)-409(side)-408(to)-409(his)-408(teaching.)-726(Demonax)-408(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(no)-429(supple,)-474(easy-going)-429(conformist)-429(to)-429(usages)-429(which)-429(his)-429(reason)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rejected.)-614(Early)-372(in)-371(his)-371(career,)-402(as)-372(has)-371(been)-371(said,)-402(he)-372(had)-371(to)-371(face)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-413(prosecution)-413(before)-413(the)-413(tribunals)-413(of)-413(Athens,)-454(because)-413(he)-413(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-421(seen)-422(to)-421(sacrifice)-421(to)-422(the)-421(gods,)-464(and)-422(declined)-421(initiation)-421(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Eleusis.)-778(In)-426(each)-426(case,)-470(he)-426(defended)-426(his)-426(nonconformity)-426(in)-425(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(boldest)-377(tone.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.144 3.959 Td [(1951)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.326 -3.959 Td [(To)-377(a)-377(prophet)-377(whom)-378(he)-377(saw)-377(plying)-377(his)-377(trade)]TJ -80.47 -13.549 Td [(for)-408(hire,)-447(he)-408(put)-408(the)-408(dilemma:)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 140.044 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(If)-408(you)-408(can)-408(alter)-407(the)-408(course)-408(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.529 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.716 Td [(1946)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)-250(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.62 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.412 0 Td [(c.)-250(5,)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66.727 -7.31 Td [(1947)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1948)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(1949)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1950)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(9,)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1951)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(11,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(\304\301\261\307\315\304\265\301\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.912 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\272\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.136 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\261\305\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.574 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\300\301\277\261\257\301\265\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.573 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\265\273\277\263\256\303\261\304\277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.043 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2003 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2004 0 R /Resources 2002 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1989 0 R >> endobj 2002 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2007 0 obj << /Length 6813 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(444)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(destiny,)-485(why)-439(do)-438(you)-438(not)-438(demand)-438(higher)-439(fees?)-814(If)-438(everything)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(happens)-508(by)-507(the)-508(decree)-507(of)-508(God,)-572(where)-507(is)-508(the)-507(value)-508(of)-507(your)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(art?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.353 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1952)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.596 -3.959 Td [(When)-290(asked)-289(if)-290(he)-289(believed)-290(the)-289(soul)-290(to)-289(be)-290(immortal,)-299(he)]TJ -40.793 -13.549 Td [(answered,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.594 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(It)-244(is)-244(as)-243(immortal)-244(as)-244(everything)-244(else.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 154.428 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.958 Td [(1953)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.098 -3.958 Td [(He)-244(derided,)]TJ -229.807 -13.55 Td [(in)-326(almost)-325(brutal)-326(style,)-344(the)-325(effeminacy)-326(of)-325(the)-326(sophist)-325(Favorinus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-276(the)-275(extravagant)-276(grief)-275(of)-276(Herodes)-275(Atticus)-276(for)-275(his)-276(son.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.908 3.959 Td [(1954)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.002 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(ruthlessly)-350(exposed)-350(the)-351(pretences)-350(of)-350(sham)-350(philosophy)-350(wherever)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([366])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(he)-438(met)-437(it.)-812(When)-438(a)-437(youthful)-438(Eclectic)-437(professed)-438(his)-437(readiness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-449(obey)-450(any)-449(philosophic)-450(call,)-499(from)-449(the)-450(Academy,)-499(the)-449(Porch,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-433(the)-432(Pythagorean)-433(discipline)-432(of)-433(silence,)-478(Demonax)-433(cried)-432(out,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Pythagoras)-385(calls)-385(you.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.969 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(1955)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.639 -3.959 Td [(He)-385(rebuked)-385(the)-385(pedantic)-385(archaism)]TJ -126.296 -13.549 Td [(of)-449(his)-450(day)-449(by)-450(telling)-449(an)-450(affected)-449(stylist)-450(that)-449(he)-450(spoke)-449(in)-449(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fashion)-256(of)-256(Agamemnon)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.145 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-256(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.16 3.959 Td [(1956)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.36 -3.959 Td [(When)-256(Epictetus)-256(advised)-256(him)]TJ -155.297 -13.549 Td [(to)-409(marry)-408(and)-409(become)-409(the)-409(father)-408(of)-409(a)-409(line)-408(of)-409(philosophers,)-448(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(asked)-253(the)-253(celibate)-253(preacher)-252(to)-253(give)-253(him)-253(one)-253(of)-253(his)-253(daughters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1957)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-330(Athenians,)-349(from)-329(a)-330(vulgar)-330(jealousy)-329(of)-330(Corinth,)-349(proposed)-329(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(defile)-279(their)-278(ancient)-278(memories)-279(by)-278(establishing)-279(gladiatorial)-278(shows)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-305(the)-305(shadow)-305(of)-305(the)-304(Acropolis.)-415(Demonax,)-319(in)-305(the)-305(true)-304(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-255(Athens)-256(from)-255(the)-256(time)-255(of)-256(Theseus,)-257(advised)-255(them)-256(first)-255(to)-255(sweep)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(away)-250(the)-250(altar)-250(of)-250(Pity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.044 3.959 Td [(1958)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -84.088 -22.77 Td [(Demonax)-265(lived)-264(to)-265(nearly)-264(a)-265(hundred)-264(years.)-294(He)-265(is)-264(said)-265(never)-264(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(have)-355(had)-355(an)-355(enemy.)-565(He)-355(was)-355(the)-355(object)-355(of)-355(universal)-355(deference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whenever)-332(he)-332(appeared)-331(in)-332(public.)-496(In)-331(his)-332(old)-332(age)-332(he)-332(might)-331(enter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-305(Athenian)-304(house)-305(uninvited,)-318(and)-305(they)-305(welcomed)-304(him)-305(as)-304(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-372(genius.)-614(The)-372(children)-372(brought)-371(him)-372(their)-371(little)-372(presents)-371(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fruit)-253(and)-253(called)-253(him)-254(father,)-254(and)-253(as)-253(he)-253(passed)-253(through)-253(the)-253(market,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-322(baker-women)-321(contended)-322(for)-322(the)-322(honour)-321(of)-322(giving)-322(him)-321(their)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 144.067 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 137.171 Td [(1952)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(37.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1953)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(1954)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(12,)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1955)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)-228(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.234 0 Td [(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.834 0 Td [(c.)-228(14,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.258 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(W)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.545 0 Td [(\304\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.98 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.904 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\306\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.509 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.02 0 Td [(\300\301\277\303\265\271\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.872 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-185(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.064 0 Td [(x)-186(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.594 0 Td [(\275\277\274\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.552 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.02 0 Td [(\272\261\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.781 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.298 0 Td [(\303\265)-186(\240\305\270\261\263\314\301\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.459 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -281.128 -7.394 Td [(1956)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(26,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.008 0 Td [(\274\277\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.175 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.227 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.999 0 Td [(\263\261\274\255\274\275\277\275\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.32 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\277\272\301\257\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.223 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -197.035 -7.395 Td [(1957)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(55.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(1958)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(57.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2006 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2007 0 R /Resources 2005 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 1989 0 R >> endobj 2008 0 obj << /D [2006 0 R /XYZ 111.118 436.88 null] >> endobj 2005 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2011 0 obj << /Length 4838 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(445)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(loaves.)-321(He)-273(died)-274(a)-274(voluntary)-273(death,)-280(and)-273(wished)-274(for)-273(no)-274(tomb)-273(save)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(what)-427(nature)-428(would)-427(give)-428(him.)-782(But)-427(the)-428(Athenians)-427(were)-427(aware)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-388(they)-388(had)-389(seen)-388(in)-388(him)-388(a)-389(rare)-388(apparition)-388(of)-388(goodness;)-457(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honoured)-254(him)-253(with)-254(a)-253(splendid)-253(and)-254(imposing)-253(burial)-254(and)-253(mourned)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(long)-215(for)-215(him.)-238(And)-215(the)-215(bench)-215(on)-215(which)-215(he)-215(used)-215(to)-215(sit)-215(when)-215(he)-215(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weary)-308(they)-308(deemed)-307(a)-308(sacred)-308(stone,)-322(and)-308(decked)-308(it)-308(with)-307(garlands)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-250(after)-250(his)-250(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 86.651 3.959 Td [(1959)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -74.695 -22.545 Td [(Demonax,)-711(by)-618(a)-619(strange)-619(personal)-618(charm,)-711(attained)-619(to)-618(an)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(extraordinary)-498(popularity)-498(and)-498(reverence.)-993(But)-498(the)-498(great)-497(mass)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-429(philosophic)-428(preachers)-429(had)-429(to)-428(face)-429(a)-429(great)-428(deal)-429(of)-428(obloquy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-264(vulgar)-264(contempt.)-293(Apart)-264(from)-264(the)-264(coarseness,)-268(arrogance,)-267(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inconsistency)-359(of)-359(many)-359(of)-359(them,)-386(which)-359(gave)-358(just)-359(offence,)-386(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(very)-313(profession)-314(was)-313(an)-314(irritating)-313(challenge)-314(to)-313(a)-313(pleasure-loving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-235(worldly)-234(age.)-245(Men)-234(who)-235(gloried)-234(in)-235(the)-234(splendour)-235(of)-234(their)-234(civic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life,)-271(and)-267(were)-266(completely)-267(absorbed)-267(in)-266(it,)-271(who)-267(were)-267(flattered)-266(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([367])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(cajoled)-382(by)-382(their)-383(magistrates)-382(and)-382(popular)-382(leaders,)-415(could)-382(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-431(to)-430(be)-431(told)-430(by)-431(the)-430(vagrant,)-476(homeless)-430(teacher,)-476(in)-430(beggar)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.55 Td [(garb,)-362(that)-340(they)-339(were)-340(ignorant)-340(and)-339(perverted)-340(and)-340(lost)-339(in)-340(a)-339(maze)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(deception.)-592(They)-364(would)-364(hardly)-364(be)-364(pleased)-364(to)-364(hear)-364(that)-364(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(civilisation)-200(was)-199(an)-200(empty)-200(show,)-209(without)-200(a)-200(solid)-199(core)-200(of)-199(character,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-195(their)-195(hopes)-195(of)-195(happiness)-195(from)-195(a)-195(round)-195(of)-195(games)-195(and)-195(festivals,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-235(the)-235(splendour)-236(of)-235(art)-235(in)-235(temples)-236(and)-235(statues,)-238(were)-235(the)-235(merest)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mirage.)-446(The)-315(message)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 98.688 0 Td [(Beati)-315(pauperes)-316(spiritu)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 98.395 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 9.698 0 Td [(Beati)-315(qui)-316(lugent)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 71.122 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(will)-276(never)-277(be)-276(a)-277(popular)-276(one.)-329(That)-277(was)-276(the)-277(message)-276(to)-277(his)-276(age)-276(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(itinerant)-287(Cynic)-287(preacher,)-296(and)-287(his)-287(unkempt)-287(beard)-287(and)-286(ragged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cloak)-231(and)-232(the)-231(fashion)-231(of)-232(his)-231(life)-231(made)-232(him)-231(the)-231(mark)-232(of)-231(cheap)-231(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abundant)-379(ridicule.)-638(Sometimes)-379(the)-379(contempt)-379(was)-380(deserved;)-443(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-212(movement)-212(for)-212(the)-212(elevation)-212(of)-212(humanity)-212(has)-212(been)-212(free)-211(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(impostors.)-244(Yet)-230(the)-231(severe)-230(judgment)-231(of)-230(the)-230(Cynic)-231(missionaries)-230(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-280(age)-280(is)-280(that)-280(of)-280(the)-280(polished)-279(orator,)-288(who)-280(had)-280(as)-280(great)-280(a)-279(scorn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-330(Lucian)-329(for)-330(the)-330(sensual)-329(or)-330(mercenary)-330(Cynic,)-349(and)-330(yet)-330(took)-329(up)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-310(scrip)-310(and)-310(staff)-309(himself,)-325(to)-310(propagate)-310(the)-310(same)-310(gospel)-310(as)-309(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.847 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(1959)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(63)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2010 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2011 0 R /Resources 2009 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2013 0 R >> endobj 2012 0 obj << /D [2010 0 R /XYZ 248.284 323.45 null] >> endobj 2009 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2016 0 obj << /Length 6957 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(446)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Cynics.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.033 3.959 Td [(1960)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -21.077 -22.241 Td [(Dion)-317(Chrysostom)-317(was)-317(certainly)-317(not)-317(a)-317(Cynic)-317(in)-317(the)-317(academic)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sense,)-307(but)-296(he)-296(belonged)-296(to)-296(the)-296(same)-296(great)-296(movement.)-388(He)-295(sprang)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-310(a)-309(good)-310(family)-310(at)-309(Prusa)-310(in)-310(Bithynia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.912 3.959 Td [(1961)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.118 -3.959 Td [(He)-310(was)-309(trained)-310(in)]TJ -202.03 -13.549 Td [(all)-239(the)-239(arts)-239(of)-238(rhetoric,)-242(and)-238(taught)-239(and)-239(practised)-239(them)-239(in)-239(the)-238(early)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(part)-387(of)-387(his)-387(life.)-661(A)-387(suspected)-387(friendship)-387(led)-387(to)-386(his)-387(banishment)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-308(the)-308(reign)-308(of)-308(Domitian,)-323(and)-308(in)-308(his)-308(exile,)-323(with)-308(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 228.189 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.688 0 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 17.376 0 Td [(De)-371(Falsa)-371(Legatione)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.343 0 Td [(as)-371(his)-371(companions,)-401(he)-370(wandered)-371(over)]TJ -110.719 -13.549 Td [(many)-282(lands,)-291(supporting)-282(himself)-283(often)-282(by)-282(menial)-283(service.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.686 3.959 Td [(1962)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.224 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(at)-378(last)-379(found)-378(himself)-378(in)-378(his)-378(wanderings)-379(in)-378(regions)-378(where)-378(wild)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tribes)-240(of)-240(the)-240(Getae)-240(for)-241(a)-240(century)-240(and)-240(a)-240(half)-240(had)-240(been)-240(harrying)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(distant)-362(outposts)-361(of)-362(Hellenic)-361(civilisation)-362(on)-361(the)-362(northern)-361(shores)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-336(the)-335(Euxine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.376 3.959 Td [(1963)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.971 -3.959 Td [(The)-336(news)-335(of)-336(the)-336(death)-336(of)-335(Domitian)-336(reached)]TJ -85.347 -13.549 Td [(a)-440(camp)-441(on)-440(the)-441(Danube)-440(when)-441(Dion)-440(was)-441(there.)-821(The)-440(soldiery,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faithful)-274(to)-273(their)-274(emperor,)-279(were)-274(excited)-273(and)-274(indignant,)-279(but,)-279(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-253(spell)-254(of)-253(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.139 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-254(el)1(oquence,)-255(they)-253(were)-254(brought)-253(to)-254(acquiesce)-253(in)]TJ -76.771 -13.55 Td [(the)-357(accession)-357(of)-356(the)-357(blameless)-357(Nerva.)-570(Dion)-357(at)-357(length)-356(returned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-311(Rome,)-327(and)-311(rose)-311(to)-312(high)-311(favour)-311(at)-311(court.)-434(Trajan)-311(often)-311(invited)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([368])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(him)-284(to)-284(his)-283(table,)-293(and)-283(used)-284(to)-284(take)-284(him)-283(as)-284(companion)-284(in)-284(his)-283(state)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carriage,)-205(although)-194(the)-194(honest)-194(soldier)-194(did)-194(not)-194(pretend)-194(to)-194(appreciate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(rhetoric.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.625 3.959 Td [(1964)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -57.121 -22.241 Td [(During)-448(his)-448(exile,)-497(as)-448(he)-447(tells)-448(us,)-497(Dion)-448(had)-448(been)-448(converted)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(to)-427(more)-427(serious)-428(views)-427(of)-427(life.)-782(The)-427(triumphs)-427(of)-427(conventional)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(declamation)-478(before)-478(fashionable)-478(audiences)-478(lost)-478(their)-478(glamour.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Dion)-243(became)-243(conscious)-243(of)-242(a)-243(loftier)-243(mission)-243(to)-243(the)-243(dim)-243(masses)-242(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-255(far-spreading)-255(empire)-255(through)-255(whose)-255(cities)-255(and)-255(wildernesses)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.119 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.306 Td [(1960)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxiv.)-250(\247)-250(2;)-250(lxxii.)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.31 Td [(1961)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-246(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.756 0 Td [(Vit.)-246(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.204 0 Td [(i.)-246(7.)-245(For)-237(other)-236(authorities)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.964 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.345 0 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.799 0 Td [(Phil.)-246(der)-236(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -220.024 -10.959 Td [(iii.)-479(1,)-346(p.)-479(729,)-345(n.)-480(1.)-479(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 106.927 0 Td [(Moralistes)-326(sous)-327(l)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 62.646 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Emp.)-479(rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.587 0 Td [(294,)-345(gives)-327(a)-326(good)]TJ -215.146 -10.959 Td [(sketch)-250(of)-250(Dion)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(career.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.519 -7.311 Td [(1962)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.31 Td [(1963)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(i.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.444 -7.311 Td [(1964)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.719 0 Td [(Vit.)-287(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.806 0 Td [(i.)-287(2;)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.692 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\273\265\263\265)-262(\270\261\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.892 0 Td [(p)-262(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.826 0 Td [(\300\271\303\304\301\265\306\314\274\265\275\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 57.352 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\302)-262(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.867 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-262(\224\257\311\275\261)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 32.554 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(\304\257)-262(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.677 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\273\255\263\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.82 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.28 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.002 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\306\271\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.091 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\264\255)-250(\303\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.596 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274\261\305\304\314\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.953 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 2.242 0 Td [(\035)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2015 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2016 0 R /Resources 2014 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2013 0 R >> endobj 2017 0 obj << /D [2015 0 R /XYZ 343.868 283.106 null] >> endobj 2014 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F44 236 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2020 0 obj << /Length 9142 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(447)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(he)-350(was)-350(wandering.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.671 3.959 Td [(1965)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.434 -3.959 Td [(As)-350(to)-350(the)-350(eyes)-350(of)-349(Seneca,)-375(men)-350(seemed)]TJ -106.105 -13.549 Td [(to)-287(Dion,)-297(amid)-288(all)-287(their)-288(fair,)-296(cheerful)-288(life,)-297(to)-287(be)-288(holding)-287(out)-287(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hands)-251(for)-250(help.)-252(Wherever)-251(he)-250(went,)-251(he)-251(found)-250(that,)-251(in)-251(his)-250(beggar)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(dress,)-270(he)-265(was)-266(surrounded)-266(by)-265(crowds)-266(of)-266(people)-265(eager)-266(to)-266(hear)-265(any)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(word)-344(of)-344(comfort)-344(or)-344(counsel)-344(in)-344(the)-344(doubts)-344(and)-344(troubles)-344(of)-343(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lives.)-411(They)-304(assumed)-303(that)-304(the)-304(poor)-303(wanderer)-304(was)-304(a)-303(philosopher.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-204(plied)-204(him)-204(with)-204(questions)-204(on)-204(the)-204(great)-204(problem,)-213(How)-204(to)-204(live;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-238(the)-238(elegant)-238(sophist)-238(was)-238(thus)-238(compelled)-238(to)-238(find)-238(an)-238(answer)-237(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-250(and)-250(for)-250(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.928 3.958 Td [(1966)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -81.972 -21.825 Td [(Dion)-463(never)-463(quite)-463(shook)-464(off)-463(the)-463(traditions)-463(and)-463(tone)-463(of)-463(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(rhetorical)-253(school.)-258(The)-252(ambition)-253(to)-252(say)-253(things)-253(in)-252(the)-253(most)-252(elegant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-470(attractive)-470(style,)-525(the)-469(love)-470(of)-470(amplifying,)-525(in)-470(leisurely)-469(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(elaborate)-398(development,)-435(a)-398(commonplace)-398(and)-398(hackneyed)-398(theme)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(still)-530(clings)-531(to)-530(him.)-1091(His)-530(eighty)-530(orations)-531(are)-530(many)-530(of)-530(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rather)-301(essays)-302(than)-301(popular)-301(harangues.)-404(They)-302(range)-301(over)-301(all)-301(sorts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-483(subjects,)-542(literary,)-541(mythological,)-542(and)-483(artistic,)-541(political)-483(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social,)-517(as)-464(well)-464(as)-464(purely)-463(ethical)-464(or)-464(religious.)-891(But,)-518(after)-463(all,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Dion)-317(is)-318(unmistakably)-317(the)-318(preacher)-317(of)-318(a)-317(great)-318(moral)-317(revival)-317(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reform.)-911(He)-470(cannot)-470(be)-470(classed)-471(definitely)-470(with)-470(any)-470(particular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(school)-387(of)-386(philosophy.)-660(He)-386(is)-387(the)-386(apostle)-387(of)-386(Greek)-387(culture,)-420(yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-341(admires)-341(Diogenes,)-363(the)-341(founder)-340(of)-341(the)-341(Cynics.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.744 3.959 Td [(1967)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.136 -3.959 Td [(If)-341(he)-340(had)]TJ -239.88 -13.549 Td [(any)-212(philosophic)-211(ancestry,)-220(he)-212(would)-211(probably)-212(have)-212(traced)-211(himself)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-321(the)-320(Xenophontic)-321(Socrates.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.354 3.959 Td [(1968)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.476 -3.959 Td [(But)-321(he)-320(is)-321(really)-320(the)-321(rhetorical)]TJ -149.83 -13.549 Td [(apostle)-306(of)-307(the)-306(few)-306(great)-307(moral)-306(principles)-306(which)-307(were)-306(in)-306(the)-306(air,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([369])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 186.918 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 180.022 Td [(1965)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-315(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.206 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.031 0 Td [(xiii.)-446(\247)-316(6,)-331(9,)-332(10,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 59.095 0 Td [(\303\304\277\273\256\275)-315(\304\265)-316(\304\261\300\265\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 64.18 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.374 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\261\273\261\262)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.16 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-315(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.655 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.464 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\006)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\261)]TJ -266.453 -10.959 Td [(\272\277\273\254\303\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.372 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274\261\305\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.942 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\273\316\274\267\275)-250(\300\261\275\304\261\307\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 58.774 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -137.181 -7.31 Td [(1966)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.303 0 Td [(\247)-401(12,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 23.215 0 Td [(\300\277\273\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.115 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.229 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.878 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\301\316\304\311\275)-401(\300\301\277\303\271\314\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.513 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.834 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.057 0 Td [(\304\271)-401(\274\277\271)-400(\306\261\257\275\277\271\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 62.236 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\263\261\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.44 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.138 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.841 -10.959 Td [(\272\261\272\314\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.864 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.585 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\303\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.183 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\261\263\272\261\266\314\274\267\275)-254(\306\301\277\275\304\257\266\265\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 89.588 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\301)-254(\304\277\315\304\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.382 0 Td [(5)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\275\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.529 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\307\277\271\274\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.204 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\277\272\301\257\275\265\303\270\261\271)]TJ -235.537 -10.959 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.32 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.728 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301\311\304\316\303\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.162 0 Td [(.)-244(With)-230(the)-231(conversion)-231(of)-231(Dion)-231(cf.)-243(of)-231(that)-231(of)-231(Isaeus)-230(and)-231(Polemon,)]TJ -52.612 -10.959 Td [(etc.,)-260(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.876 0 Td [(Vit.)-274(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.655 0 Td [(i.)-274(p.)-275(218;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.673 0 Td [(Apoll.)-274(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.621 0 Td [(i.)-274(13;)-263(iv.)-274(20;)-262(Epict.)-275(iii.)-274(1;)-262(Diog.)]TJ -168.825 -10.959 Td [(Laert.)-250(iv.)-250(3,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(1967)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(xxxvii.)-250(\247)-250(25;)-250(iv.)-250(\247)-250(1;)-250(vi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.31 Td [(1968)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.542 0 Td [(liv.;)-434(xiii.)-617(\247)-372(13,)-403(14,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 75.29 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\257\277\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.607 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(x)-372(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.512 0 Td [(\300\277\301\257\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.806 0 Td [(\226)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.789 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.046 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\257)-372(\304\271\275\261)-373(\273\314\263\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.583 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\307\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.351 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)]TJ -271.618 -10.959 Td [(\273\265\263\314\274\265\275\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.173 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\314)-311(\304\271\275\277\302)-312(\243\311\272\301\254\304\277\305\302)-311(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 90.904 0 Td [(.:)-373(cf.)-434(xviii.)-435(\247)-311(14,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 65.179 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.441 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\271\303\304\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.979 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.298 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.993 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\273\305\303\271\304\265\273\255\303\304\261\304\277\302)-250(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 68.395 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.463 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\261)-250(\300\254\275\304\261)-250(\236\265\275\277\306)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 58.703 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2019 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2020 0 R /Resources 2018 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2013 0 R >> endobj 2021 0 obj << /D [2019 0 R /XYZ 81.018 202.226 null] >> endobj 2018 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2024 0 obj << /Length 8373 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(448)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-214(common)-214(stock)-214(of)-214(Platonist,)-222(Stoic,)-221(Cynic,)-221(even)-214(the)-214(Epicurean.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Philosophy)-265(to)-265(him)-265(is)-265(really)-265(a)-265(religion,)-269(the)-265(science)-265(of)-265(right)-265(living)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-320(conformity)-319(to)-320(the)-320(will)-319(of)-320(the)-320(Heavenly)-319(Power.)-459(But)-320(it)-320(is)-319(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(practice)-301(of)-301(right)-302(living.)-403(No)-301(Christian)-301(preacher)-301(has)-301(probably)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ever)-495(insisted)-494(more)-495(strongly)-494(on)-494(the)-495(gulf)-494(which)-495(separates)-494(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commonplace)-268(life)-269(of)-268(the)-268(senses)-269(from)-268(the)-268(life)-269(devoted)-268(to)-268(a)-268(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.935 3.959 Td [(1969)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.788 -3.959 Td [(The)-391(only)-391(philosophy)-392(worth)-391(the)-391(name)-391(is)-392(the)-391(earnest)]TJ -47.723 -13.549 Td [(quest)-293(of)-294(the)-293(path)-294(to)-293(true)-294(nobility)-293(and)-294(virtue,)-304(in)-294(obedience)-293(to)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good)-340(genius,)-363(the)-340(unerring)-340(monitor)-339(within)-340(the)-340(breast)-340(of)-340(each)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(us,)-410(in)-378(whose)-378(counsels)-378(lies)-378(the)-378(secret)-378(of)-378(happiness)-378(properly)-377(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(called.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.779 3.959 Td [(1970)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.154 -3.959 Td [(Hence)-247(Dion)-247(speaks)-247(with)-247(the)-247(utmost)-247(scorn)-247(alike)-247(of)-247(the)]TJ -47.933 -13.549 Td [(coarse)-274(Cynic)-275(impostor,)-280(who)-274(disgraces)-275(his)-274(calling)-274(by)-274(buffoonery)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-372(debauchery,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.823 3.959 Td [(1971)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.835 -3.959 Td [(and)-372(the)-373(philosophic)-372(exquisite)-373(who)-372(tickles)]TJ -93.658 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(ears)-276(of)-275(a)-275(fashionable)-276(audience)-275(with)-275(delicacies)-276(of)-275(phrase,)-281(but)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(never)-434(thinks)-435(of)-434(trying)-434(to)-434(make)-435(them)-434(better)-434(men.)-803(He)-434(feels)-434(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sincere)-307(indignation)-308(at)-307(this)-307(dilettante)-308(trifling,)-321(in)-308(view)-307(of)-307(a)-307(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-226(is)-226(in)-225(urgent)-226(need)-226(of)-226(practical)-225(guidance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.891 3.959 Td [(1972)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.077 -3.959 Td [(For)-226(Dion,)-230(after)]TJ -215.968 -13.549 Td [(all)-376(his)-377(wanderings)-376(through)-377(the)-376(Roman)-377(world,)-408(has)-376(no)-376(illusions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-355(to)-356(its)-355(moral)-356(condition.)-566(He)-355(is)-356(almost)-355(as)-355(great)-356(a)-355(pessimist)-355(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Seneca)-424(or)-424(Juvenal.)-773(In)-424(spite)-424(of)-424(all)-424(its)-424(splendour)-424(and)-424(outward)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prosperity,)-343(society)-325(in)-325(the)-324(reign)-325(of)-324(Trajan)-325(seemed)-325(to)-324(Dion)-325(to)-324(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-401(a)-401(perilous)-401(state.)-702(Along)-401(with)-401(his)-401(own)-401(conversion)-401(came)-400(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revelation)-402(of)-402(the)-402(hopeless)-402(bewilderment)-402(of)-402(men)-402(in)-402(the)-402(search)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-421(happiness.)-762(Dimly)-421(conscious)-421(of)-421(their)-420(evil)-421(plight,)-464(they)-420(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-451(utterly)-452(ignorant)-451(of)-452(the)-451(way)-452(to)-451(escape)-451(from)-452(it.)-854(They)-451(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(swept)-395(hither)-395(and)-395(thither)-395(in)-395(a)-395(vortex)-395(of)-395(confused)-395(passions)-395(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 153.958 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.146 Td [(1969)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-317(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.25 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.042 0 Td [(lxx.)-450(\247)-316(1,)-334(7;)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 44.883 0 Td [(\272\261\270\314\273\277\305)-317(\262\257\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.867 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\277\302)-317(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.263 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-317(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.706 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.385 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\277\306\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.493 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.525 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273\277\302)-250(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.128 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.008 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\277\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.437 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.121 0 Td [(;)-250(cf.)-250(xiii.)-250(\247)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.045 -7.311 Td [(1970)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.598 0 Td [(xiii.)-237(\247)-210(28;)-224(xxiii.)-237(\247)-211(7,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 72.027 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.038 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-211(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.289 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-211(\304\305\307\314\275\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.655 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\263\261\270\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.905 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.434 0 Td [(\264\261\257\274\277\275\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.494 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.675 0 Td [(\264\271\272\261\257\311\302)]TJ -251.847 -10.959 Td [(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.577 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-408(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.481 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.291 0 Td [(\306\301\277\275\257\274\311\302)-407(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.354 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.291 0 Td [(\303\311\306\301\314\275\311\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.515 0 Td [(;)-486(cf.)-723(Epict.)-723(i.)-723(\247)-407(14,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 84.761 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\257\304\301\277\300\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.341 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\254\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.422 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.353 -10.959 Td [(\300\261\301\255\303\304\267\303\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.456 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\254\303\304\277\305)-250(\264\261\257\274\277\275\261)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 74.268 0 Td [(.)-250(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(v.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -138.822 -7.31 Td [(1971)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxii.)-250(\247)-250(9;)-250(xxxv.)-250(\247)-250(2,)-250(3;)-250(xxxiv.)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.311 Td [(1972)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.054 0 Td [(xvi.)-236(\247)-206(2,)-215(3;)-221(xxxv.)-236(\247)-206(8;)-221(cf.)-236(xiii.)-235(\247)-207(11,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 124.443 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.488 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-206(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.656 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)-206(\300\277\273\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.253 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.487 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-207(\272\261\273\277\305\274\255\275\311\275)]TJ -227.239 -10.959 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\314\306\311\275)-250(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.799 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.32 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\261\272\267\301\315\304\304\277\305\303\271\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.04 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2023 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2024 0 R /Resources 2022 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2013 0 R >> endobj 2022 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2027 0 obj << /Length 7643 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(449)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(longings)-195(for)-196(material)-195(pleasures.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.765 3.959 Td [(1973)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.967 -3.959 Td [(Material)-195(civilisation,)-207(without)]TJ -154.732 -13.549 Td [(any)-358(accompanying)-358(moral)-359(discipline,)-385(has)-358(produced)-358(the)-358(familiar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-369(inevitable)-369(result,)-398(in)-369(an)-369(ever-increasing)-369(appetite)-369(for)-368(wealth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-341(enjoyment)-342(and)-341(showy)-342(distinction,)-364(which)-342(ends)-341(in)-341(perpetual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(disillusionment.)-943(Dion)-481(warns)-481(the)-481(people)-481(of)-481(Tarsus)-481(that)-480(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-393(all)-394(sunk)-393(in)-393(a)-394(deep)-393(sensual)-393(slumber,)-429(and)-394(living)-393(in)-393(a)-393(world)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([370])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-465(mere)-464(dreams,)-518(in)-465(which)-465(the)-464(reality)-465(of)-464(things)-465(is)-464(absolutely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inverted.)-240(Their)-218(famous)-219(river,)-225(their)-219(stately)-219(buildings,)-225(their)-218(wealth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-318(their)-318(religious)-318(festivals,)-335(on)-318(which)-318(they)-318(plume)-317(themselves,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-445(the)-445(merest)-446(show)-445(of)-445(happiness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.885 3.959 Td [(1974)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.553 -3.959 Td [(Its)-445(real)-445(secret,)-494(which)]TJ -183.438 -13.549 Td [(lies)-320(in)-321(temperance,)-337(justice,)-338(and)-321(true)-320(piety,)-338(is)-320(quite)-320(hidden)-320(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-248(eyes.)-249(When)-248(that)-248(secret)-248(is)-248(learnt,)-248(their)-248(buildings)-248(may)-248(be)-247(less)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stately,)-206(gold)-196(and)-195(silver)-196(will)-195(perhaps)-195(not)-196(be)-195(so)-196(abundant,)-206(there)-195(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-310(less)-310(soft)-310(and)-310(delicate)-310(living,)-325(there)-310(may)-310(be)-310(even)-310(fewer)-309(costly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sacrifices)-199(as)-200(piety)-199(increases;)-216(but)-200(there)-199(will)-199(be)-200(a)-199(clearer)-199(perception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-222(the)-223(true)-222(values)-223(of)-222(things,)-228(and)-223(a)-222(chastened)-223(temperance)-222(of)-222(spirit,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-295(are)-294(the)-295(only)-295(security)-295(for)-294(the)-295(permanence)-295(of)-294(society.)-384(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-334(moralist)-333(points)-334(his)-333(audience)-334(to)-334(the)-333(splendid)-334(civilisations)-333(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-387(past)-387(that)-387(have)-386(perished)-387(because)-387(they)-387(were)-387(without)-387(a)-386(soul.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Assyria)-214(and)-214(Lydia,)-221(the)-214(great)-214(cities)-214(of)-214(Magna)-214(Graecia)-214(which)-214(lived)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-327(a)-326(dream)-327(of)-327(luxury,)-346(what)-326(are)-327(they)-327(now?)-480(And,)-346(latest)-326(example)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-245(all,)-247(Macedon,)-246(who)-246(pushed)-245(her)-245(conquests)-246(to)-245(the)-246(gates)-245(of)-245(India,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-345(came)-346(into)-345(possession)-345(of)-345(the)-345(hoarded)-346(treasures)-345(of)-345(the)-345(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Eastern)-281(Empires,)-290(is)-281(gone,)-289(and)-281(royal)-282(Pella,)-289(the)-281(home)-282(of)-281(the)-281(race,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-250(now)-250(a)-250(heap)-250(of)-250(bricks.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.615 3.959 Td [(1975)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -91.659 -17.508 Td [(It)-211(needed)-211(a)-211(courage)-211(springing)-211(from)-211(enthusiasm)-211(and)-211(conviction)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-314(preach)-313(such)-314(unpalatable)-314(truths)-313(to)-314(an)-314(age)-313(which)-314(gloried)-314(in)-313(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(material)-176(splendour.)-226(Dion)-176(is)-176(often)-176(conscious)-176(of)-176(the)-176(difficulty)-176(of)-176(his)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 142.922 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.11 Td [(1973)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.819 0 Td [(xiii.)-710(\247)-403(13,)-442(34,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 58.999 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\264\314\272\277\305\275)-403(\264\255)-404(\274\277\271)-403(\300\254\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 86.596 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\306\301\277\275\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.442 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.857 0 Td [(\306\265\301\314\274\265\275\277\271)-403(\304\254\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -214.142 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-337(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.133 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.3 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.66 0 Td [(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.768 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.66 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.731 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\254)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.562 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.462 0 Td [(\300\265\301\257)-337(\304\265)-337(\307\301\256\274\261\304\261)-338(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 72.912 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.66 0 Td [(\264\314\276\261\302)-337(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.356 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.661 0 Td [(\303\311\274\254\304\311\275)-337(\304\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.842 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.972 -10.959 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.789 0 Td [(\264\277\275\254\302)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.075 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -44.603 -7.311 Td [(1974)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(xxxiii.)-250(\247)-250(17,)-250(23,)-250(32;)-250(cf.)-250(the)-250(ghastly)-250(exposure)-250(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 169.357 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vii.)-250(\247)-250(133.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -212.941 -7.394 Td [(1975)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.998 0 Td [(xxxiii.)-233(\247\247)-201(24-28,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 61.069 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.431 0 Td [(\304\271\302)-200(\264\271\255\301\307\277\271\304\277)-200(\240\255\273\273\261\275)-201(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 82.891 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.561 0 Td [(\303\267\274\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.673 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.807 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\310\265\304\261\271)-200(\300\314\273\265\311\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.295 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)-316(\264\257\307\261)-316(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.525 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.377 0 Td [(\300\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.916 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-316(\272\255\301\261\274\277\275)-315(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.15 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-316(\303\305\275\304\265\304\301\271\274\274\255\275\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 76.317 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-316(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.232 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.108 0 Td [(\304\314\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.037 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(.)-447(Cf.)-447(xiii.)]TJ -244.957 -10.959 Td [(\247\247)-250(33,)-250(34.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2026 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2027 0 R /Resources 2025 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2013 0 R >> endobj 2028 0 obj << /D [2026 0 R /XYZ 79.582 450.429 null] >> endobj 2025 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2031 0 obj << /Length 6977 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(450)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(task;)-226(and)-213(he)-213(exerts)-213(all)-213(his)-214(trained)-213(dexterity)-213(to)-213(appease)-213(opposition,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-345(gain)-345(a)-345(hearing)-345(for)-345(his)-345(message.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.821 3.959 Td [(1976)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.277 -3.959 Td [(As)-345(regards)-345(the)-345(reform)]TJ -182.098 -13.549 Td [(of)-266(character,)-270(Dion)-266(has)-266(no)-267(new)-266(message)-266(to)-266(deliver.)-298(His)-266(is)-266(the)-266(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gospel)-335(of)-335(renunciation)-334(for)-335(the)-335(sake)-335(of)-335(freedom,)-356(the)-335(doctrine)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-354(right)-354(estimate)-354(of)-355(competing)-354(objects)-354(of)-354(desire)-354(and)-354(of)-354(the)-354(true)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ends)-273(of)-273(life.)-320(Dion,)-279(like)-273(nearly)-274(all)-273(Greek)-273(moralists)-273(from)-273(Socrates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(downwards,)-343(treats)-324(moral)-324(error)-324(and)-325(reform)-324(as)-324(rather)-324(a)-324(matter)-324(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(intellect)-285(than)-285(of)-285(emotional)-285(impulse.)-355(Vice)-285(is)-285(the)-285(condition)-285(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-364(besotted)-364(mind,)-393(which)-364(has)-363(lost)-364(the)-364(power)-364(of)-364(seeing)-364(things)-364(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-296(really)-295(are;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.43 3.959 Td [(1977)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.914 -3.959 Td [(conversion)-296(must)-295(be)-296(effected,)-307(not)-296(by)-296(appeals)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -159.099 0 Td [([371])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(to)-286(the)-286(feelings,)-295(but)-286(by)-286(clarifying)-286(the)-286(mental)-286(vision.)-358(There)-286(i)1(s)-286(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-313(reference)-313(to)-313(religion)-313(as)-313(a)-313(means)-313(of)-314(reform,)-328(although)-313(Dion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(speaks)-267(of)-267(the)-267(love)-267(of)-266(God)-267(as)-267(a)-267(support)-267(of)-267(the)-267(virtuous)-266(character.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(As)-263(an)-263(experienced)-263(moral)-263(director,)-266(Dion)-263(knew)-263(well)-263(the)-262(necessity)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-312(constant)-312(iteration)-311(of)-312(the)-312(old)-311(truths.)-436(Just)-311(as)-312(the)-312(sick)-312(man)-311(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(violate)-315(his)-314(doctor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 77.162 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-315(orders,)-330(well)-315(knowing)-314(that)-315(he)-315(does)-314(so)-315(to)-314(his)]TJ -80.795 -13.549 Td [(hurt,)-319(so)-304(the)-305(moral)-305(patient)-305(may)-304(long)-305(refuse)-305(to)-305(follow)-305(a)-304(principle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-310(life)-311(which)-310(his)-311(reason)-310(has)-310(accepted.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.24 3.959 Td [(1978)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.141 -3.959 Td [(And)-310(so)-311(the)-310(preacher,)]TJ -188.381 -13.549 Td [(instead)-329(of)-329(apologising)-330(for)-329(repeating)-329(himself,)-349(will)-329(regard)-329(it)-329(as)-329(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(duty)-250(and)-250(a)-250(necessity)-250(to)-250(do)-250(so.)]TJ 11.956 -14.572 Td [(But)-507(Dion)-508(did)-507(not)-508(aim)-507(at)-508(the)-507(formation)-508(of)-507(any)-507(cloistered)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(virtue,)-243(concentrated)-241(on)-240(personal)-241(salvation.)-247(He)-241(has)-241(a)-241(fine)-240(passage)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-457(which)-458(he)-457(shows)-457(that)-458(retreat,)-509(\050)]TJ/F27 10.9091 Tf 153.807 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 5.727 0 Td [(\275\261\307\316\301\267\303\271\302)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 48.109 0 Td [(\051)-457(detachment)-457(of)]TJ -207.643 -13.549 Td [(spirit,)-333(is)-316(quite)-317(possible)-316(without)-316(withdrawing)-317(from)-316(the)-316(noises)-316(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-386(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.724 3.958 Td [(1979)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.629 -3.958 Td [(And)-386(he)-387(felt)-386(himself)-387(charged)-386(with)-386(a)-387(mission)-386(to)]TJ -69.353 -13.55 Td [(bring)-344(the)-344(higher)-344(principles)-344(of)-344(conduct)-344(into)-344(the)-344(civic)-344(life)-344(of)-343(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time.)-512(We)-337(know)-338(from)-337(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 122.38 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-337(correspondence)-338(with)-337(Trajan,)-359(that)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 153.958 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.146 Td [(1976)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(A)-250(good)-250(example)-250(is)-250(the)-250(opening)-250(of)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 123.771 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -152.911 -7.311 Td [(1977)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.904 0 Td [(xiv.)-404(\247)-301(2;)-327(xiii.)-403(\247)-301(13,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 73.438 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\264\314\272\277\305\275)-301(\264\255)-301(\274\277\271)-302(\300\254\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 82.937 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\306\301\277\275\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.442 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.943 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.:)-352(cf.)-404(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -236.255 -10.959 Td [(Phil.)-383(der)-295(Gr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.062 0 Td [(iii.)-383(1,)-306(p.)-383(730,)-306(er)-294(zeigt)-295(mit)-294(den)-295(Stoikern,)-305(dass)-295(die)-294(wahre)-295(Freiheit)]TJ -50.062 -10.959 Td [(mit)-324(der)-324(Vern\374nftigkeit,)-342(die)-324(Sklaverei)-324(mit)-324(der)-323(Unvernunft)-324(zusammenfalle;)-361(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 0 -10.959 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -17.184 -7.31 Td [(1978)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(xvii.)-250(2,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(1979)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.943 0 Td [(xx.)-752(\247)-417(8,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 37.012 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.832 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.529 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-417(\262\265\273\304\257\303\304\267)-417(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 53.694 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.377 0 Td [(\273\305\303\271\304\265\273\265\303\304\254\304\267)-417(\300\261\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 71.267 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.287 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.527 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-417(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.104 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\261\307\316\301\267\303\271\302)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.946 0 Td [(.)-250(Hatch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.378 0 Td [(Hib.)-250(Lec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(p.)-250(150.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2030 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2031 0 R /Resources 2029 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2013 0 R >> endobj 2032 0 obj << /D [2030 0 R /XYZ 179.887 396.232 null] >> endobj 2029 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2035 0 obj << /Length 6074 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(451)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-313(great)-313(cities)-313(of)-313(Bithynia,)-328(and)-313(not)-313(least)-313(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.55 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-313(birthplace,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.01 3.959 Td [(1980)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(were)-334(then)-334(suffering)-335(from)-334(unskilful)-334(administration)-334(and)-334(wasteful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(finance.)-219(Dion)-158(completes)-157(the)-157(picture)-158(by)-157(showing)-158(us)-157(their)-157(miserable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bickerings)-503(and)-503(jealousies)-503(about)-504(the)-503(most)-503(trivial)-503(things.)-1009(He)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(denounces)-211(the)-210(unscrupulous)-211(flattery)-210(of)-211(the)-211(masses)-210(by)-211(men)-210(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-269(object)-268(was)-269(the)-268(transient)-269(distinction)-268(of)-269(municipal)-268(office,)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passion)-270(for)-271(place)-270(and)-271(power,)-275(without)-270(any)-271(sober)-270(wish)-271(to)-270(serve)-270(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elevate)-377(the)-376(community.)-630(He)-377(also)-376(exposes)-377(the)-377(caprice,)-408(the)-376(lazy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(selfishness,)-294(and)-285(the)-285(petulant)-285(ingratitude)-285(of)-285(the)-285(crowd.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.771 3.958 Td [(1981)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.314 -3.958 Td [(Dion,)]TJ -256.085 -13.55 Td [(it)-410(is)-411(true,)-450(is)-411(an)-410(idealist,)-451(and)-410(his)-411(ideals)-410(of)-411(society)-410(are)-410(perhaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-467(much)-468(nearer)-467(realisation)-467(in)-468(some)-467(of)-467(our)-468(great)-467(cities)-467(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-429(were)-429(then.)-786(He)-429(often)-429(delivered)-428(his)-429(message)-429(to)-429(the)-428(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unpromising)-253(audiences.)-260(Some)-253(of)-253(his)-254(finest)-253(conceptions)-253(of)-253(social)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reorganisation)-422(were)-422(expounded)-422(before)-422(rude)-422(gatherings)-422(on)-421(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(very)-250(verge)-250(of)-250(civilisation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.1 3.959 Td [(1982)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.166 -3.959 Td [(Once,)-250(in)-250(his)-250(wanderings,)-250(he)-250(found)]TJ -131.266 -13.549 Td [(himself)-281(under)-280(the)-281(walls)-280(of)-281(a)-281(half-ruined)-280(Greek)-281(town,)-288(which)-280(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-231(attacked,)-234(the)-231(day)-231(before,)-235(by)-230(a)-231(horde)-231(of)-231(Scythian)-230(barbarians.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There,)-356(on)-335(the)-335(steps)-335(of)-335(the)-335(temple)-335(of)-335(Zeus,)-356(he)-335(expounded)-335(to)-335(an)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([372])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(eager)-397(throng)-397(of)-398(mean)-397(Greek)-397(traders,)-434(with)-397(all)-397(the)-397(worst)-397(vices,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-303(only)-303(some)-303(faded)-303(traces)-303(of)-303(the)-303(culture)-303(of)-302(their)-303(race,)-317(the)-302(true)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meaning)-233(of)-232(city)-233(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.906 3.959 Td [(1983)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.102 -3.959 Td [(It)-233(is)-232(a)-233(society)-233(of)-232(men)-233(under)-233(the)-232(kingship)]TJ -107.008 -13.549 Td [(of)-325(law,)-344(from)-325(which)-325(all)-325(greed,)-344(intemperance,)-343(and)-325(violence)-325(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-393(banished;)-464(a)-393(little)-392(world)-393(which,)-429(in)-392(its)-393(peaceful)-393(order)-392(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(linked)-194(harmonies,)-205(should)-194(be)-193(modelled)-194(on)-194(the)-194(more)-194(majestic)-193(order)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(great)-250(city)-250(of)-250(the)-250(universe,)-250(the)-250(city)-250(of)-250(gods)-250(and)-250(men.)]TJ 11.956 -17.048 Td [(How)-378(far)-379(from)-378(their)-378(ideal)-379(were)-378(the)-378(cities)-379(of)-378(his)-378(native)-378(land,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Dion)-375(saw)-375(only)-375(too)-376(well.)-625(The)-375(urban)-375(life)-376(of)-375(Asia,)-406(as)-375(the)-375(result)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-419(the)-419(Greek)-419(conquests,)-462(has)-419(perhaps)-419(never)-419(been)-419(surpassed)-419(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(external)-419(splendour)-419(and)-419(prosperity,)-461(and)-419(even)-419(in)-419(a)-419(diffusion)-418(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.269 Td [(1980)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(x.)-250(17,)-250(23,)-250(24,)-250(58;)-250(Bury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 85.432 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Emp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.837 0 Td [(p.)-250(439.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -175.345 -7.311 Td [(1981)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxiv.)-250(\247)-250(10,)-250(14,)-250(48;)-250(xxxviii.)-250(\247)-250(11;)-250(xxxiv.)-250(\247)-250(16,)-250(19,)-250(29,)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.31 Td [(1982)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxxvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1983)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-273(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.672 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.648 0 Td [(xxxvi.)-318(\247)-273(15,)-278(8,)-278(9,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 64.588 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\265\302)-273(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.159 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.081 0 Td [(\222\277\301\305\303\270\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.291 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\304\261\271)-273(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.411 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.081 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-273(\300\277\271\267\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.451 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\300\277\305\264\254\272\261\303\271\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.168 0 Td [(.)-250(Cf.)-250(\247)-250(20,)-250(23.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2034 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2035 0 R /Resources 2033 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2037 0 R >> endobj 2036 0 obj << /D [2034 0 R /XYZ 253.438 287.839 null] >> endobj 2033 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2040 0 obj << /Length 7827 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(452)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(intellectual)-292(culture.)-377(The)-292(palmy)-292(days)-292(of)-292(the)-292(glorious)-292(spring-time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-274(Hellenic)-274(vigour)-274(and)-274(genius)-274(in)-274(Miletus,)-280(Phocaea,)-280(and)-273(Rhodes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seemed)-297(to)-297(be)-297(reproduced)-297(even)-296(in)-297(inland)-297(places,)-309(which)-297(for)-296(1500)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-194(have)-193(returned)-193(to)-194(waste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 124.461 3.958 Td [(1984)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.961 -3.958 Td [(Agriculture)-193(and)-194(trade)-193(combined)]TJ -143.422 -13.55 Td [(to)-306(produce)-307(an)-306(extraordinary)-307(and)-306(prosperous)-306(activity.)-419(Education)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-268(endowed)-268(and)-268(organised,)-272(and)-268(literary)-268(culture)-268(became)-267(almost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.72 3.959 Td [(1985)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.223 -3.959 Td [(Nowhere)-435(did)-435(the)-435(wandering)-435(sophist)-435(find)-435(more)]TJ -67.943 -13.549 Td [(eager)-399(audiences,)-436(and)-399(no)-399(part)-398(of)-399(the)-399(Roman)-399(world)-399(in)-399(that)-398(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contributed)-545(so)-545(great)-545(a)-545(number)-545(of)-545(teachers,)-619(physicians,)-618(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(philosophers.)-788(The)-429(single)-429(province)-430(of)-429(Bithynia,)-474(within)-429(half)-429(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(century,)-248(could)-248(boast)-248(of)-247(such)-248(names)-248(as)-247(Arrian,)-249(Dion)-247(Cassius,)-248(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dion)-256(Chrysostom)-257(himself.)-269(But)-256(moral)-257(and)-256(political)-256(improvement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(did)-439(not)-439(keep)-439(pace)-439(with)-439(an)-439(immense)-439(material)-439(and)-438(intellectual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(progress.)-231(The)-194(life)-194(of)-194(the)-194(cities)-194(indeed)-194(was)-195(very)-194(intense;)-212(but,)-205(in)-194(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(absence)-261(of)-260(the)-261(wider)-261(interests)-261(of)-260(the)-261(great)-261(days)-260(of)-261(freedom,)-263(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wasted)-271(their)-272(energies)-271(in)-272(futile)-271(contests)-272(for)-271(visionary)-271(distinctions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-473(advantages.)-918(A)-473(continual)-473(struggle)-472(was)-473(going)-473(on)-473(for)-472(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(primacy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.749 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.208 0 Td [(of)-217(the)-216(province,)-224(and)-217(the)-216(name)-217(of)-217(metropolis.)-239(Ephesus,)]TJ -47.801 -13.549 Td [(the)-330(real)-330(capital,)-350(was)-330(challenged)-330(by)-330(Smyrna,)-350(which)-330(on)-330(its)-329(coins)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(describes)-287(itself)-287(as)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.897 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(first)-287(in)-287(greatness)-287(and)-288(beauty.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.749 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(1986)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.572 -3.959 Td [(The)-287(feuds)]TJ -236.905 -13.549 Td [(between)-293(Nicomedia)-293(and)-292(its)-293(near)-293(neighbour)-293(Nicaea)-293(caused)-292(Dion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(particular)-281(anxiety,)-288(and)-280(his)-281(speech)-280(to)-281(the)-280(people)-280(of)-281(Nicomedia)-280(is)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([373])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(best)-250(picture)-250(of)-250(the)-250(evils)-250(which)-250(we)-250(are)-250(describing.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.647 3.959 Td [(1987)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -217.691 -19.605 Td [(The)-368(two)-368(cities)-368(have)-368(much)-368(in)-368(common.)-604(Their)-368(families)-368(have)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(intermarried;)-428(they)-368(are)-368(constantly)-369(meeting)-368(in)-369(their)-368(markets)-368(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-194(religious)-194(festivals.)-232(They)-194(are)-194(bound)-194(together)-194(by)-194(innumerable)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.001 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.188 Td [(1984)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.501 0 Td [(Rom.)-487(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.665 0 Td [(i.)-487(pp.)-487(326,)-349(354;)-368(cf.)-487(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 107.829 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.153 0 Td [(xiv.)-487(xv.)-487(223-230)]TJ -217.104 -10.959 Td [(\050Dind.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(1985)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.184 0 Td [(Rom.)-340(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.909 0 Td [(i.)-340(p.)-340(362;)-295(cf.)-340(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 81.597 0 Td [(Apoll.)-340(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.406 0 Td [(i.)-340(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.404 0 Td [(Vit.)-340(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.44 0 Td [(i.)]TJ -275.896 -10.959 Td [(p.)-256(220,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 26.972 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.894 0 Td [(\300\301\277\262\256\303\265\303\270\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.135 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.895 0 Td [(\274\255\263\261)-252(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.679 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-252(\232\273\261\266\277\274\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.729 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.917 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\263\277\305\274\255\275\311\275)-252(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.262 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.895 0 Td [(\304\277\271\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.422 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\302)-252(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.532 0 Td [(t)]TJ -275.842 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.527 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274\300\261\271\264\265\315\303\277\271)-250(\303\306\271\303\257\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 82.643 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -108.695 -7.311 Td [(1986)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.438 0 Td [(Rom.)-368(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.246 0 Td [(i.)-368(pp.)-369(329,)-299(330;)-309(cf.)-368(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 102.6 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.798 0 Td [(xv.;)-309(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.92 0 Td [(Apoll.)]TJ -258.958 -10.958 Td [(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.477 0 Td [(iv.)-270(7,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 20.683 0 Td [(\306\301\277\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.783 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.848 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\255\273\265\305\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.998 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 5.721 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.288 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\261\305\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.574 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-257(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.793 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.782 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.091 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.579 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-257(\300\314\273\265\311\302)-257(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.645 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.697 0 Td [(.)-257(D.)]TJ -267.371 -10.959 Td [(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxiv.)-250(48;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.513 0 Td [(Sitteng.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(iii.)-250(p.)-250(111.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -136.993 -7.311 Td [(1987)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxviii.)-250(\247)-250(7,)-250(31,)-250(36.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2039 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2040 0 R /Resources 2038 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2037 0 R >> endobj 2041 0 obj << /D [2039 0 R /XYZ 243.74 233.642 null] >> endobj 2038 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2044 0 obj << /Length 7989 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(453)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(ties)-170(of)-170(private)-170(friendship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 107.063 3.959 Td [(1988)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.875 -3.959 Td [(The)-170(primacy)-170(for)-170(which)-170(they)-170(contend)]TJ -125.938 -13.549 Td [(is)-280(the)-280(merest)-280(figment;)-294(there)-280(are)-280(no)-280(material)-280(advantages)-280(at)-279(stake.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rather,)-349(these)-329(dissensions)-329(give)-329(a)-329(corrupt)-329(Roman)-330(governor,)-348(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trades)-182(upon)-182(them,)-195(the)-182(power)-182(to)-181(injure)-182(both)-182(the)-182(rival)-182(claimants.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(1989)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-430(same)-430(is)-430(true)-430(of)-430(other)-430(cities.)-790(Tarsus)-430(is)-430(engaged)-430(in)-429(bitter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contention)-462(with)-461(Mallus)-462(for)-461(a)-462(mere)-461(line)-462(of)-461(sandhills)-462(on)-461(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(frontiers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.688 3.959 Td [(1990)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.959 -3.959 Td [(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-193(native)-194(Prusa)-193(has)-193(an)-194(exasperated)-193(quarrel)-193(with)]TJ -84.098 -13.549 Td [(Apamea)-191(for)-192(no)-191(solid)-191(reason)-191(whatever,)-203(although)-192(the)-191(two)-191(towns)-191(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(closely)-257(linked)-256(by)-257(nature)-257(to)-256(one)-257(another,)-258(and)-257(mutually)-256(dependent)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(through)-415(their)-414(trade)-415(and)-414(manufactures.)-744(All)-414(this)-415(miserable)-414(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foolish)-222(jealousy)-221(Dion)-222(exposes)-222(with)-221(excellent)-222(skill)-222(and)-221(sense;)-231(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-408(employs)-408(an)-408(abundant)-407(wealth)-408(of)-408(illustration)-408(in)-408(painting)-407(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(happiness)-257(which)-258(attends)-257(harmony)-258(and)-257(good-will.)-272(It)-257(is)-258(the)-257(law)-257(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-235(universe,)-238(from)-235(the)-236(tiny)-235(gregarious)-235(insect)-235(whose)-235(life)-235(is)-235(but)-235(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-343(day,)-366(to)-343(the)-343(eternal)-343(procession)-342(of)-343(the)-343(starry)-343(spheres.)-529(The)-342(ant,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-233(the)-232(common)-233(industry)-232(of)-232(the)-233(Lilliputian)-232(commonwealth,)-236(yields)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-365(his)-365(brother)-365(toiler,)-394(or)-365(helps)-365(him)-365(on)-365(his)-365(way.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.269 3.959 Td [(1991)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.931 -3.959 Td [(The)-365(primal)]TJ -231.2 -13.549 Td [(elements)-193(of)-192(the)-193(Cosmos)-193(are)-192(tempered)-193(to)-193(a)-192(due)-193(observance)-193(of)-192(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(several)-346(bounds)-347(and)-346(laws.)-539(The)-347(sun)-346(himself)-347(hides)-346(his)-346(splendour)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(each)-228(night)-228(to)-228(give)-228(place)-228(to)-228(the)-228(lesser)-229(radiance)-228(of)-228(the)-228(stars.)-242(This)-228(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rhetoric,)-267(of)-264(course,)-267(but)-264(it)-264(is)-264(rhetoric)-264(with)-264(a)-263(moral)-264(burden.)-292(And)-263(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-235(impossible)-235(not)-235(to)-235(admire)-235(the)-235(lofty)-235(tone)-235(of)-235(this)-235(heathen)-235(sophist,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preaching)-242(the)-241(duty)-242(of)-241(forgiveness,)-243(of)-242(mutual)-241(love)-242(and)-241(deference,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-229(blessing)-229(of)-230(the)-229(quiet)-229(spirit)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.758 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(which)-229(seeketh)-229(not)-230(her)-229(own,)-233(is)-229(not)]TJ -135.602 -13.549 Td [(easily)-289(provoked,)-299(thinketh)-289(no)-289(evil.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 147.858 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.958 Td [(1992)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.591 -3.958 Td [(There)-289(is)-289(a)-289(certain)-289(pathos)]TJ -172.293 -13.55 Td [(in)-263(remembering)-263(that,)-266(within)-262(the)-263(very)-263(walls)-263(where)-263(these)-262(elevated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(orations)-329(were)-329(delivered,)-349(there)-329(were)-329(shy)-329(companies)-329(of)-329(men)-329(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(women)-351(meeting)-352(in)-351(the)-352(early)-351(dawn)-351(to)-352(sing)-351(hymns)-352(to)-351(One)-351(who,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.16 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.347 Td [(1988)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.675 0 Td [(xl.)-240(\247)-219(27,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.044 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.938 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.731 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.512 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\263\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-219(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.089 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311\302)-219(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.035 0 Td [(v)-219(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.067 0 Td [(\274\314\301\311\275)-219(\264\271\261\306\277\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.481 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.673 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.601 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.43 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\277\302)-219(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.84 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.175 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\277\271\272\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.228 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.029 0 Td [(\303\304\254\303\265\271)-250(\274\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.248 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-250(\300\314\273\265\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.758 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\300\277\305)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.249 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\263\254\274\311\275)-250(\272\277\271\275\311\275\257\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 61.249 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -243.845 -7.31 Td [(1989)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxxviii.)-250(\247\247)-250(26-31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1990)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.633 0 Td [(xxxiv.)-238(\247\247)-215(44-48,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 60.838 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.559 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-214(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.934 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-214(\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.942 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\265\302)-214(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.173 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.559 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.388 0 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.003 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-214(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.436 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.71 0 Td [(\273\257\274\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.749 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.711 0 Td [(\307\311\301\257\277\275)-214(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.955 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.607 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\276\271\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.271 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -18.718 -7.31 Td [(1991)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xl.)-250(\247)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(1992)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxxviii.)-250(\247\247)-250(42-46.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2043 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2044 0 R /Resources 2042 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2037 0 R >> endobj 2042 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2047 0 obj << /Length 6147 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(454)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(three)-317(generations)-317(before)-317(in)-316(Galilee,)-334(had)-317(taught)-317(a)-317(similar)-316(gospel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-350(love)-349(and)-350(self-suppression,)-375(but)-350(with)-349(a)-350(strange)-350(mystic)-349(charm,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([374])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(denied)-394(to)-395(the)-394(pagan)-394(eloquence,)-431(and)-394(that)-394(Dion)-395(seems)-394(never)-394(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-250(known)-250(those)-250(with)-250(whom)-250(he)-250(had)-250(so)-250(close)-250(a)-250(kindred.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.327 3.958 Td [(1993)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -234.371 -17.508 Td [(In)-335(many)-336(another)-335(oration)-336(Dion)-335(strove)-336(to)-335(raise)-336(the)-335(moral)-335(tone)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-293(his)-293(age.)-380(His)-293(speech)-293(to)-293(the)-293(Alexandrians)-293(is)-293(probably)-293(his)-293(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gallant)-362(protest)-361(against)-362(the)-361(besetting)-362(sins)-362(of)-361(a)-362(great)-361(population.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Alexandria)-208(was)-209(a)-208(congeries)-209(of)-208(many)-208(races,)-217(in)-209(which)-208(probably)-208(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hellenic)-346(type)-347(of)-346(the)-346(Ptolemies)-346(had)-347(succumbed)-346(to)-346(the)-346(enduring)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Egyptian)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 44.159 0 Td [(morale)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 30.905 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.728 3.959 Td [(1994)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.281 -3.959 Td [(It)-437(was)-437(a)-437(populace)-436(at)-437(once)-437(sensual)-437(and)]TJ -103.073 -13.549 Td [(superstitious,)-265(passionately)-262(devoted)-261(to)-262(all)-262(excitement,)-265(whether)-261(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(games)-409(or)-409(orgiastic)-409(religious)-409(festival,)-449(with)-409(a)-409(jeering)-409(irreverent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vein,)-415(which)-382(did)-382(not)-383(spare)-382(even)-382(the)-382(greatest)-382(Emperors.)-646(It)-382(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-459(curious)-459(medley)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.092 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-459(seat)-459(of)-459(the)-459(most)-459(renowned)-459(university)]TJ -90.001 -13.55 Td [(of)-436(the)-436(ancient)-437(world,)-483(the)-436(gathering-place)-436(and)-436(seed-ground)-436(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideas)-328(which)-327(united)-328(the)-327(immemorial)-327(mysticism)-328(of)-327(the)-328(East)-327(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(clear,)-343(cold)-324(reason)-323(of)-324(Hellas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 139.347 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(and)-324(yet)-324(a)-324(seething)-324(hot-bed)-324(of)]TJ -150.256 -13.549 Td [(obscenity,)-408(which)-376(infected)-377(the)-376(Roman)-376(world,)-408(a)-377(mob)-376(who)-376(gave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(way)-423(to)-424(lunatic)-423(excitement)-424(over)-423(the)-424(triumph)-423(of)-424(an)-423(actor,)-467(or)-423(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(singer,)-256(or)-255(the)-254(victor)-255(in)-255(a)-254(chariot-race.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.091 3.959 Td [(1995)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.32 -3.959 Td [(It)-255(required)-254(no)-255(ordinary)]TJ -181.411 -13.549 Td [(courage)-295(to)-295(address)-296(such)-295(a)-295(crowd,)-306(and)-296(to)-295(charge)-295(them)-295(with)-295(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glaring)-265(faults.)-294(The)-264(people)-265(of)-265(Alexandria)-264(are)-265(literally)-264(intoxicated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-330(a)-330(song.)-489(The)-330(music)-330(which,)-350(according)-330(to)-330(old)-330(Greek)-329(theory,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-293(regulate)-293(the)-294(passions,)-304(here)-293(only)-293(maddens)-293(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.266 3.958 Td [(1996)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.579 -3.958 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.55 Td [(in)-214(the)-214(races)-214(all)-214(human)-214(dignity)-214(seems)-214(to)-214(be)-214(utterly)-214(lost)-214(in)-214(the)-213(futile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(excitement)-362(of)-362(the)-362(spectators)-362(over)-362(some)-362(low)-362(fellow)-361(contending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-233(a)-233(prize)-232(in)-233(solid)-233(cash.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.885 3.959 Td [(1997)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.103 -3.959 Td [(Such)-233(a)-233(mob)-232(earns)-233(only)-233(the)-233(contempt)]TJ -122.988 -13.549 Td [(of)-270(its)-271(rulers,)-275(and)-271(men)-270(say)-270(that)-271(the)-270(Alexandrians)-271(care)-270(for)-270(nothing)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.431 Td [(1993)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(x.)-250(96,)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.311 Td [(1994)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mahaffy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.693 0 Td [(Greek)-280(World)-280(under)-281(Roman)-280(Sway)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 119.619 0 Td [(,)-288(p.)-341(242;)-295(Merivale,)-288(viii.)-340(p.)-341(239;)]TJ -167.268 -10.959 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.833 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(264.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -79.949 -7.394 Td [(1995)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)-276(ii.)-275(p.)-276(263;)-263(D.)-258(Chrys.)-276(xxxii.;)-263(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 152.649 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.507 0 Td [(iv.)-276(81;)-263(Ael.)-275(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.808 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.488 0 Td [(c.)]TJ -274.408 -10.959 Td [(12,)-250(14;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxix.)-250(11;)-250(Petron.)-250(31,)-250(68.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(1996)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxii.)-250(\247)-250(57,)-250(41,)-250(51,)-250(55;)-250(Pl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 95.654 0 Td [(Rep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(iii.)-250(399;)-250(Arist.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.561 0 Td [(Pol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.938 0 Td [(viii.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -249.578 -7.311 Td [(1997)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xxxii.)-250(\247)-250(75.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2046 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2047 0 R /Resources 2045 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2037 0 R >> endobj 2048 0 obj << /D [2046 0 R /XYZ 129.046 504.626 null] >> endobj 2045 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2051 0 obj << /Length 6080 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(455)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(but)-383(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.626 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(big)-383(loaf)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.082 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.02 0 Td [(and)-383(the)-383(sight)-382(of)-383(a)-383(race.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.005 3.959 Td [(1998)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.513 -3.959 Td [(All)-383(the)-383(dignity)]TJ -214.089 -13.549 Td [(which)-265(should)-264(surround)-265(a)-264(great)-265(people)-264(is)-265(forgotten)-264(in)-265(the)-264(theatre.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-399(is)-398(useless)-399(to)-398(boast)-399(of)-398(the)-399(majestic)-399(and)-398(bounteous)-399(river,)-435(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(harbours)-244(and)-244(markets)-245(crowded)-244(with)-244(the)-244(merchandise)-244(of)-244(Western)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-195(Indian)-195(seas,)-205(of)-195(the)-195(visitors)-195(from)-194(every)-195(land,)-206(from)-195(Italy,)-205(Greece,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(Syria,)-289(from)-282(the)-281(Borysthenes,)-289(the)-281(Oxus,)-289(and)-281(the)-282(Ganges.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(1999)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(They)-253(come)-253(to)-252(witness)-253(the)-253(shame)-253(of)-253(the)-252(second)-253(city)-253(in)-253(the)-252(world,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([375])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(which,)-386(in)-359(the)-358(wantonness)-359(of)-359(prosperity,)-386(has)-359(lost)-359(the)-358(temperate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dignity)-239(and)-239(orderly)-239(calm)-239(that)-240(are)-239(the)-239(real)-239(glory)-239(of)-239(a)-239(great)-239(people.)]TJ 11.955 -17.049 Td [(As)-355(a)-355(foil)-355(to)-355(the)-356(feverish)-355(life)-355(of)-355(luxury,)-381(quarrelsome)-356(rivalry,)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(vulgar)-280(excitement)-281(which)-281(prevailed)-281(in)-280(the)-281(great)-281(towns,)-288(Dion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-273(left)-273(a)-274(prose)-273(idyll)-273(to)-273(idealise)-273(the)-274(simple)-273(pleasures)-273(and)-273(virtues)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-337(the)-338(country.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.835 3.958 Td [(2000)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.028 -3.958 Td [(It)-338(is)-337(also)-337(a)-338(dirge)-337(over)-338(the)-337(decay)-338(of)-337(Greece,)]TJ -87.863 -13.55 Td [(when)-415(crops)-414(were)-415(being)-415(reaped)-415(in)-414(the)-415(agora)-415(of)-415(historic)-414(cities,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-309(the)-308(tall)-309(grasses)-309(grew)-309(around)-309(the)-308(statues)-309(of)-309(gods)-309(and)-308(heroes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-357(the)-357(olden)-357(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.465 3.959 Td [(2001)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.667 -3.959 Td [(A)-357(traveller,)-384(cast)-357(ashore)-357(in)-357(the)-357(wreck)-357(of)]TJ -103.132 -13.549 Td [(his)-304(vessel)-303(on)-304(the)-303(dreaded)-304(Hollows)-303(of)-304(Euboea,)-317(was)-303(sheltered,)-317(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-333(rude,)-353(warm-hearted)-333(fashion,)-354(by)-333(some)-333(peasants.)-498(Their)-333(fathers)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-265(been)-264(turned)-265(adrift)-264(in)-265(the)-265(confiscation)-264(of)-265(the)-265(estate)-264(of)-265(a)-264(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noble)-438(in)-437(some)-438(trouble)-437(with)-438(the)-437(emperor,)-485(and)-437(they)-438(had)-437(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-268(a)-268(lonely)-267(home)-268(on)-268(a)-268(pastoral)-268(slope,)-272(close)-268(to)-268(a)-267(stream,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-242(the)-241(neighbouring)-242(shade)-242(of)-241(trees.)-248(They)-241(had)-242(taken)-242(into)-241(tillage)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-268(few)-269(fields)-268(around)-268(their)-268(huts;)-278(they)-268(drove)-268(their)-269(cattle)-268(to)-268(the)-268(high)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mountain)-236(pastures)-236(in)-237(summer)-236(time,)-239(and)-236(in)-237(the)-236(winter)-236(they)-236(turned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-361(hunting)-362(the)-361(game)-362(along)-361(the)-362(snowy)-361(tracks.)-585(Of)-361(city)-362(life)-361(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(know)-310(hardly)-311(anything.)-432(One)-310(of)-311(them,)-325(indeed,)-326(had)-310(been)-311(twice)-310(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-243(neighbouring)-244(town,)-245(and)-243(he)-243(tells)-244(what)-243(he)-244(saw)-243(there)-244(in)-243(a)-243(lively)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(way.)-529(It)-344(is)-343(all)-343(a)-343(mere)-343(shadow)-343(or)-344(caricature)-343(of)-343(the)-343(old)-343(civic)-343(life)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-262(Greece.)-286(There)-262(are)-262(the)-262(rival)-262(orators,)-265(patriot)-261(or)-262(demagogue,)-265(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.269 Td [(1998)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(31,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 20.174 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\302)-250(\274\314\275\277\275)-250(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.057 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\300\261\301\261\262\254\273\273\265\271\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.103 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.703 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\304\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.153 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -210.323 -7.311 Td [(1999)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2000)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-384(an)-385(excellent)-385(analysis)-384(of)-385(this)-384(piece)-385(\050vii.\051)-653(in)-385(Mahaffy)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 210.984 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 6.936 0 Td [(Greek)-384(World)]TJ -232.861 -10.959 Td [(under)-250(Roman)-250(Sway)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.731 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(277-288.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -72.471 -7.311 Td [(2001)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vii.)-250(\247)-250(34)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2050 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2051 0 R /Resources 2049 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2037 0 R >> endobj 2052 0 obj << /D [2050 0 R /XYZ 252.768 436.88 null] >> endobj 2049 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2055 0 obj << /Length 7157 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(456)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(frivolous)-185(and)-186(capricious)-185(crowd,)-199(the)-185(vote)-186(of)-185(the)-186(privilege)-185(of)-185(dining)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-315(the)-315(town-hall.)-445(The)-315(serious)-315(purpose)-315(of)-315(the)-315(piece,)-331(however,)-331(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-331(idealise)-331(the)-331(simple)-331(virtue)-331(and)-331(happiness)-331(of)-331(the)-331(country)-331(folk,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-401(to)-400(discuss)-401(the)-400(disheartening)-401(problem)-400(of)-401(the)-400(poor)-401(in)-400(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cities.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.757 3.959 Td [(2002)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.147 -3.959 Td [(It)-245(is)-245(in)-245(the)-245(main)-245(the)-245(problem)-245(of)-244(our)-245(modern)-245(urban)-245(life,)]TJ -44.904 -13.549 Td [(and)-209(Dion)-210(had)-209(evidently)-210(thought)-209(deeply)-209(about)-210(it,)-217(and)-210(was)-209(an)-209(acute)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observer)-253(of)-253(the)-253(social)-253(misery)-253(which)-253(is)-253(the)-253(same)-253(from)-253(age)-253(to)-252(age.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Fortified)-213(by)-213(the)-213(divine)-213(Homer)-212(and)-213(ordinary)-213(experience,)-221(he)-212(points)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(out)-218(that)-218(the)-219(poor)-218(are)-218(more)-218(generous)-218(and)-219(helpful)-218(to)-218(the)-218(needy)-218(than)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-175(the)-174(rich)-175(out)-174(of)-175(their)-175(ample)-174(store.)-225(Too)-175(often)-174(the)-175(seeming)-174(bounty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-301(the)-301(wealthy)-301(benefactor)-301(is)-301(of)-300(the)-301(nature)-301(of)-301(a)-301(loan,)-314(which)-301(is)-300(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-275(returned)-275(with)-275(due)-274(interest.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.634 3.959 Td [(2003)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.979 -3.959 Td [(The)-275(struggles)-275(and)-275(temptations)]TJ -148.613 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(the)-324(poor)-323(in)-324(great)-324(cities)-324(suggest)-323(a)-324(discussion)-324(of)-324(the)-323(perpetual)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([376])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(problem)-335(of)-335(prostitution,)-356(which)-335(probably)-335(no)-335(ancient)-335(writer)-334(ever)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(faced)-317(so)-317(boldly.)-452(The)-317(double)-317(degradation)-317(of)-317(humanity,)-334(which)-317(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(involved)-256(in)-255(the)-256(ancient)-255(world,)-257(is)-255(powerfully)-256(painted;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.504 3.959 Td [(2004)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.255 -3.959 Td [(and)-256(the)]TJ -248.759 -13.549 Td [(plea)-167(that)-167(the)-167(indulgence)-168(in)-167(venal)-167(immorality)-167(is)-167(the)-167(only)-167(alternative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-346(insidious)-346(attacks)-346(on)-346(family)-346(virtue)-346(is)-346(discussed)-346(with)-345(singular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(firmness)-375(and)-375(yet)-375(delicacy)-375(of)-375(touch.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.516 3.958 Td [(2005)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.258 -3.958 Td [(The)-375(same)-375(detachment)]TJ -182.774 -13.55 Td [(from)-390(contemporary)-389(prejudice)-390(is)-390(shown)-389(in)-390(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 213.961 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-390(treatment)-389(of)]TJ -217.594 -13.549 Td [(slavery.)-728(He)-409(sees)-410(its)-409(fell)-409(effects)-409(on)-410(the)-409(masters,)-449(in)-409(producing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sensuality,)-390(languor,)-390(and)-362(helpless)-362(dependence)-362(on)-362(others)-362(for)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slightest)-206(services.)-235(He)-206(points)-206(out)-206(that)-206(there)-206(is)-206(no)-206(criterion)-206(afforded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-224(nature)-224(to)-224(distinguish)-224(slave)-224(and)-224(free.)-241(The)-224(so-called)-224(free)-224(man)-223(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-239(highest)-239(rank)-239(may)-238(be)-239(the)-239(offspring)-239(of)-239(a)-239(servile)-239(amour,)-241(and)-238(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so-called)-275(slave)-275(may)-274(be)-275(ingenuous)-275(in)-275(every)-275(sense,)-281(condemned)-274(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bondage)-286(by)-285(an)-286(accident)-285(of)-286(fortune.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.41 3.959 Td [(2006)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.327 -3.959 Td [(Just)-286(as)-285(external)-286(freedom)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.202 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.39 Td [(2002)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247\247)-250(105-108.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2003)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.093 0 Td [(\247\247)-266(82-89,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 36.927 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.019 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301)-266(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.963 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.171 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\306\301\277\275\256\303\265\271\302)-266(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 67.37 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.019 0 Td [(\307\254\301\271\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.267 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.624 0 Td [(\020p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.473 0 Td [(\275)-266(\303\272\277\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.969 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.171 0 Td [(\304\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.532 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\301\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.76 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.659 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)-250(\264\271\261\306\255\301\277\305\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.919 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301\254\275\311\275)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.884 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\264\261\275\265\257\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.773 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -150.03 -7.31 Td [(2004)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-289(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.268 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.796 0 Td [(vii.)-368(\247)-289(133;)-309(Musonius,)-299(Stob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.073 0 Td [(Flor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.778 0 Td [(vi.)-368(61;)-309(cf.)-367(on)-289(this)-290(subject)]TJ -188.871 -10.959 Td [(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.402 0 Td [(Id\351es)-250(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.046 0 Td [(,)-250(etc.)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(134.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -79.187 -7.394 Td [(2005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(vii.)-250(\247)-250(139.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.311 Td [(2006)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.445 0 Td [(x.)-415(\247)-305(13;)-332(xv.)-415(\247)-305(5;)-333(6,)-318(31;)-333(cf.)-415(Juv.)-415(xiv.)-415(16;)-332(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 170.845 0 Td [(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.918 0 Td [(iii.)-415(21;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.88 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.938 0 Td [(47;)-332(cf.)]TJ -256.982 -10.959 Td [(Denis,)-250(ii.)-250(152;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 86.929 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(354.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2054 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2055 0 R /Resources 2053 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2037 0 R >> endobj 2056 0 obj << /D [2054 0 R /XYZ 255.108 355.585 null] >> endobj 2053 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2059 0 obj << /Length 6084 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(457)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(does)-485(not)-484(imply)-485(moral)-485(worth,)-543(so)-485(legal)-484(enslavement)-485(does)-484(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imply)-342(moral)-341(degradation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.594 3.959 Td [(2007)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.162 -3.959 Td [(If)-342(moral)-341(justice)-342(always)-341(fixed)-342(the)]TJ -134.756 -13.549 Td [(position)-427(of)-426(men)-427(in)-427(society)-426(by)-427(their)-426(deserts,)-471(master)-427(and)-426(slave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-341(often)-341(have)-341(to)-341(change)-340(places.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.251 3.958 Td [(2008)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.14 -3.958 Td [(In)-341(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.624 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-341(judgment)-341(as)]TJ -218.648 -13.55 Td [(to)-368(the)-368(enervating)-369(effects)-368(of)-368(slavery)-368(on)-368(the)-368(slave-owning)-368(class,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-268(the)-268(absence)-268(of)-269(any)-268(moral)-268(or)-268(mental)-268(distinction)-268(to)-268(justify)-268(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(institution,)-250(he)-250(is)-250(in)-250(singular)-250(harmony)-250(with)-250(Seneca.)]TJ 11.956 -17.049 Td [(The)-367(similarity)-366(of)-367(tone)-366(between)-367(Seneca)-367(and)-366(Dion)-367(is)-366(perhaps)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(even)-395(more)-396(marked)-395(in)-395(their)-395(treatment)-395(of)-396(monarchy.)-685(Inherited,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)-423(so)-424(much)-423(else,)-467(from)-424(the)-423(great)-424(Greek)-423(thinkers)-424(of)-423(the)-423(fifth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-292(fourth)-292(centuries)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 91.357 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-303(the)-292(ideal)-292(of)-292(a)-292(beneficent)-292(and)-292(unselfish)]TJ -106.431 -13.549 Td [(prince,)-393(the)-365(true)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.528 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(shepherd)-365(of)-364(the)-365(people,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 105.542 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.821 0 Td [(the)-365(antithesis)-364(of)-365(the)]TJ -191.735 -13.549 Td [(lawless)-193(and)-193(sensual)-193(tyrant,)-205(had)-193(become,)-204(partly,)-205(no)-193(doubt,)-204(through)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-248(influence)-248(of)-247(the)-248(schools)-248(of)-248(rhetoric,)-248(a)-248(common)-248(possession)-247(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cultivated)-323(minds.)-469(Vespasian)-323(gave)-323(it)-323(a)-323(certain)-323(reality,)-341(if)-323(his)-323(son)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Domitian)-242(showed)-242(how)-242(easily)-242(the)-242(king)-242(might)-242(pass)-242(into)-242(the)-241(tyrant.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-311(dream)-311(of)-311(an)-311(earthly)-311(providence,)-326(presiding)-311(over)-311(the)-310(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world,)-466(dawned)-422(in)-423(more)-422(durable)-423(splendour)-422(with)-423(the)-422(accession)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-331(Trajan,)-351(and)-331(Pliny,)-352(his)-331(panegyrist,)-351(has)-331(left)-331(us)-331(a)-331(sketch)-331(of)-331(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patriot)-269(prince,)-275(which)-269(is)-269(almost)-270(identical)-269(with)-269(the)-270(lines)-269(of)-269(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 14.637 0 Td [([377])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(ideal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.935 3.959 Td [(2009)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.638 -3.959 Td [(Both)-356(Dion)-356(and)-356(Pliny)-356(were)-356(favourites)-357(of)-356(Trajan,)-382(and)]TJ -46.573 -13.549 Td [(some)-412(of)-413(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 62.931 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-412(orations)-413(were)-412(delivered)-412(before)-413(his)-412(court.)-737(As)]TJ -66.564 -13.549 Td [(a)-392(court)-391(preacher,)-427(he)-391(justly)-392(boasts)-391(that)-392(he)-391(is)-392(no)-391(mere)-391(flatterer,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(although)-345(we)-345(may)-345(suspect)-345(that)-345(his)-345(picture)-345(of)-345(the)-345(ideal)-345(monarch)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-476(have)-477(been)-476(interpreted)-477(as)-476(drawn)-476(from)-477(the)-476(character)-476(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Trajan,)-335(just)-319(as)-318(his)-318(picture)-319(of)-318(the)-318(tyrant)-319(was)-318(probably)-318(suggested)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-295(Domitian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 58.071 3.959 Td [(2010)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.645 -3.959 Td [(Still,)-306(we)-296(may)-295(well)-295(believe)-295(the)-295(orator)-296(when)-295(he)]TJ -78.716 -13.549 Td [(says)-338(that)-338(the)-338(man)-338(who)-339(had)-338(bearded)-338(the)-338(one)-338(at)-338(the)-338(cost)-338(of)-338(long)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(exile)-211(and)-212(penury,)-219(was)-212(not)-211(likely)-211(to)-212(flatter)-211(the)-212(other)-211(for)-212(the)-211(gold)-211(or)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.269 Td [(2007)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Newman)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 45.818 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.729 0 Td [(Politics)-250(of)-250(Aristotle)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.75 0 Td [(,)-250(Introd.)-250(p.)-250(144.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -138.978 -7.311 Td [(2008)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xv.)-250(\247)-250(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.31 Td [(2009)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-318(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.302 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.056 0 Td [(i.)-454(\247)-318(13;)-352(ii.)-455(\247\247)-318(75-77;)-352(iii.)-454(\247)-318(39,)-335(62,)-335(107;)-353(iv.)-454(\247)-318(63;)-352(cf.)-454(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -66.313 -10.959 Td [(Paneg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(72,)-250(80,)-250(67;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.532 0 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(i.)-250(13,)-250(\247)-250(4;)-250(i.)-250(19,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -124.772 -7.311 Td [(2010)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(i.)-250(\247)-250(79;)-250(cf.)-250(iii.)-250(\247\247)-250(5,)-250(6.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2058 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2059 0 R /Resources 2057 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2061 0 R >> endobj 2060 0 obj << /D [2058 0 R /XYZ 111.174 257.241 null] >> endobj 2057 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2064 0 obj << /Length 5112 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(458)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(honours)-220(which)-220(he)-220(despised.)-240(And)-220(in)-220(these)-220(discourses,)-226(Dion)-219(seems)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(full)-313(of)-314(the)-313(sense)-313(of)-313(a)-314(divine)-313(mission.)-440(Once,)-329(on)-313(his)-313(wanderings,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-337(lost)-338(his)-337(way)-338(somewhere)-337(on)-338(the)-337(boundaries)-338(of)-337(Arcadia,)-359(and,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascending)-246(a)-245(knoll)-246(to)-246(recover)-245(the)-246(track,)-247(he)-245(found)-246(himself)-246(before)-245(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rude,)-223(ruined)-216(shrine)-216(of)-216(Heracles,)-223(hung)-216(with)-216(votive)-216(offerings)-216(of)-216(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chase.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.957 3.959 Td [(2011)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.995 -3.959 Td [(An)-203(aged)-204(woman)-203(sat)-203(by)-203(them)-204(who)-203(told)-203(him)-204(that)-203(she)-203(had)]TJ -45.952 -13.549 Td [(a)-262(spirit)-262(of)-262(divination)-262(from)-262(the)-262(gods.)-286(The)-262(shepherds)-262(and)-262(peasants)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(used)-274(to)-273(come)-274(to)-274(her)-273(with)-274(questions)-273(about)-274(the)-274(fate)-273(of)-274(their)-273(flocks)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-332(crops.)-495(And)-331(she)-332(now)-332(entrusted)-331(Dion)-332(with)-332(a)-331(message)-332(to)-331(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-238(ruler)-238(of)-238(many)-238(men)-238(whom)-238(she)-238(prophesied)-238(Dion)-238(was)-238(soon)-237(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meet.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.935 3.959 Td [(2012)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.753 -3.959 Td [(It)-298(was)-299(a)-298(tale)-299(of)-298(Heracles,)-311(the)-299(great)-298(benefactor)-299(of)-298(men)]TJ -44.688 -13.549 Td [(from)-332(the)-333(rising)-332(to)-332(the)-333(setting)-332(sun,)-353(who,)-353(by)-332(his)-332(simple)-332(strength,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crushed)-464(all)-464(lawless)-464(monsters)-463(and)-464(gave)-464(the)-464(world)-464(an)-463(ordered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peace.)-522(His)-341(father)-341(inspired)-340(him)-341(with)-341(noble)-340(impulse)-341(for)-341(his)-340(task)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-283(oracle)-282(and)-283(omen,)-291(and)-283(sent)-282(Hermes)-283(once,)-291(when)-283(Heracles)-282(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(still)-294(a)-295(boy)-294(at)-294(Thebes,)-305(to)-295(show)-294(him)-294(the)-294(vision)-295(of)-294(the)-294(Two)-294(Peaks,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-340(strengthen)-340(him)-340(in)-341(his)-340(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.124 3.959 Td [(2013)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.115 -3.959 Td [(They)-340(rose)-340(from)-340(the)-341(same)]TJ -168.239 -13.549 Td [(rocky)-382(roots,)-416(amid)-382(precipitous)-383(crags)-382(and)-382(deep)-383(ravines,)-415(and)-382(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noise)-302(of)-301(many)-302(waters.)-405(At)-302(first)-302(they)-302(seemed)-301(to)-302(be)-302(one)-301(mountain)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mass,)-236(but)-232(they)-232(soon)-233(parted)-232(wide)-232(asunder,)-236(the)-233(one)-232(being)-232(sacred)-232(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Zeus,)-333(the)-316(other)-316(to)-317(the)-316(lawless)-316(Typhon.)-449(On)-316(the)-316(one)-317(crest,)-332(rising)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-277(the)-276(cloudless)-277(ether,)-283(Kingship)-277(sits)-277(enthroned,)-283(in)-277(the)-276(likeness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-331(a)-331(fair,)-351(stately)-331(woman,)-351(clad)-331(in)-331(robes)-331(of)-330(glistening)-331(white,)-351(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wielding)-268(a)-269(sceptre)-268(of)-269(brighter)-268(and)-268(purer)-269(metal)-268(than)-269(any)-268(silver)-268(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gold.)-497(Under)-332(her)-333(steady)-332(gaze)-332(of)-332(radiant)-333(dignity,)-353(the)-332(good)-332(felt)-332(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cheerful)-288(confidence,)-297(the)-288(bad)-288(quailed)-288(and)-288(shrank)-288(away.)-364(She)-287(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([378])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(surrounded)-208(by)-208(handmaidens)-209(of)-208(a)-208(beauty)-208(like)-208(her)-209(own,)-216(Justice)-208(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Peace)-358(and)-357(Order.)-573(The)-357(paths)-358(to)-358(the)-357(other)-358(peak)-357(were)-358(many)-357(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(secret,)-213(and)-205(skirted)-204(an)-204(abyss,)-214(streaming)-204(with)-205(blood)-204(or)-204(choked)-204(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corpses.)-585(Its)-361(top)-362(was)-362(wrapped)-361(in)-362(mist)-361(and)-362(cloud,)-389(and)-362(there)-361(sat)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Tyranny)-225(on)-226(a)-225(far)-225(higher)-225(and)-226(more)-225(pompous)-225(throne,)-230(adorned)-225(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(2011)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(\247)-250(52.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2012)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(56.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2013)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(66.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2063 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2064 0 R /Resources 2062 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2061 0 R >> endobj 2065 0 obj << /D [2063 0 R /XYZ 93.543 179.445 null] >> endobj 2062 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2068 0 obj << /Length 5598 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(459)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(gold)-225(and)-225(ivory)-225(and)-224(many)-225(a)-225(gorgeous)-225(colour,)-230(but)-225(a)-225(throne)-224(rocking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-273(unstable.)-320(She)-274(strove)-273(to)-274(make)-273(herself)-273(like)-274(to)-273(Kingship,)-279(but)-273(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-196(all)-196(mere)-197(hollow)-196(pretence.)-232(Instead)-196(of)-196(the)-196(gracious)-197(smile,)-206(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-282(a)-281(servile,)-290(hypocritical)-282(leer;)-297(instead)-282(of)-281(the)-282(glance)-282(of)-281(dignity,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(there)-306(was)-307(a)-306(savage)-306(scowl.)-419(And)-306(around)-306(her)-307(sat)-306(a)-306(throng)-306(bearing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ill-omened)-358(names,)-385(Cruelty)-358(and)-358(Lust,)-385(Lawlessness)-358(and)-358(Flattery)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-247(Sedition.)-250(On)-247(a)-247(question)-248(from)-247(Hermes,)-248(the)-247(youthful)-247(Heracles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-310(his)-309(choice,)-325(and)-310(his)-309(father)-310(gave)-310(him)-309(his)-310(commission)-310(to)-309(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(saviour)-250(of)-250(men.)]TJ 11.956 -13.825 Td [(In)-223(this)-223(fashion)-223(Dion,)-229(like)-223(Aeschylus,)-228(recasts)-223(old)-223(myth)-223(to)-223(make)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(it)-413(the)-414(vehicle)-413(of)-413(moral)-414(instruction,)-454(just)-413(as)-413(he)-414(finds)-413(in)-413(Homer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-354(true)-354(teacher)-355(of)-354(kings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.701 3.958 Td [(2014)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.576 -3.958 Td [(The)-354(theory)-354(of)-355(ideal)-354(monarchy)-354(is)]TJ -135.277 -13.55 Td [(developed)-408(at)-409(such)-408(length)-408(as)-408(may)-409(have)-408(somewhat)-408(wearied)-408(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor.)-479(But)-327(it)-326(really)-327(is)-326(based)-326(on)-327(a)-326(few)-327(great)-326(principles.)-479(True)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kings,)-174(in)-154(Homer)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 68.732 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-155(phrase,)-173(are)-155(sons)-155(of)-154(Zeus,)-174(and)-155(they)-154(are)-155(shepherds)]TJ -72.365 -13.549 Td [(of)-346(the)-345(people.)-538(All)-345(genuine)-346(political)-346(power)-345(rests)-346(on)-346(virtue,)-369(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ultimately)-259(on)-259(the)-259(favour)-259(of)-259(Heaven.)-277(A)-259(king)-259(is)-259(appointed)-259(by)-258(God)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-264(work)-264(the)-264(good)-263(of)-264(his)-264(subjects.)-292(And,)-267(as)-264(his)-264(authority)-264(is)-263(divine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-197(image)-196(on)-196(earth)-197(of)-196(the)-197(sovereignty)-196(of)-197(Zeus,)-207(the)-197(monarch)-196(will)-196(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-231(scrupulously)-231(religious)-230(man)-231(in)-231(the)-231(highest)-230(sense,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 214.879 3.959 Td [(2015)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.998 -3.959 Td [(not)-231(merely)]TJ -233.877 -13.549 Td [(by)-217(offering)-217(costly)-217(sacrifices,)-224(but)-217(by)-217(righteousness,)-224(diligence,)-223(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(self-sacrifice)-256(in)-256(performing)-255(the)-256(duties)-256(of)-256(his)-255(solemn)-256(charge.)-267(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(many)-297(titles)-297(addressed)-297(to)-297(Father)-297(Zeus)-297(represent)-297(so)-297(many)-297(aspects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-357(royal)-358(activity)-357(and)-358(virtue.)-572(The)-357(true)-358(prince)-357(will)-358(be)-357(the)-357(father)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-386(his)-386(people,)-420(surrounded)-386(and)-386(guarded)-386(by)-386(a)-386(loving)-386(reverence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-373(never)-374(degenerates)-373(into)-373(fear.)-620(His)-373(only)-374(aim)-373(will)-373(be)-373(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(good.)-354(He)-285(will)-285(keep)-284(sleepless)-285(watch)-285(over)-285(the)-284(weak,)-294(the)-284(careless,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(those)-399(who)-398(are)-399(heedless)-399(for)-399(themselves.)-696(Commanding)-398(infinite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resources,)-485(he)-437(will)-438(know)-438(less)-438(of)-437(mere)-438(pleasure)-438(than)-438(any)-437(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(within)-253(his)-252(realm.)-259(With)-252(such)-253(immense)-253(responsibilities,)-253(he)-253(will)-252(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-355(most)-354(laborious)-355(of)-355(all.)-563(His)-355(only)-355(advantage)-354(over)-355(the)-354(private)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(citizen)-340(is)-341(in)-340(his)-340(boundless)-341(command)-340(of)-340(friendship;)-386(for)-340(all)-340(men)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([379])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.967 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.154 Td [(2014)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iv.)-250(\247)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.394 Td [(2015)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(\247\247)-250(51,)-250(62,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 50.068 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)-250(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.414 0 Td [(\301\307\265\271\275)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.298 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264\261\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.835 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.899 0 Td [(\345\264)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.994 0 Td [(\270\305\274\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.106 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.228 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\257\300\277\275\277\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.495 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2067 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2068 0 R /Resources 2066 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2061 0 R >> endobj 2069 0 obj << /D [2067 0 R /XYZ 166.549 97.875 null] >> endobj 2066 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2072 0 obj << /Length 5633 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(460)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(must)-313(be)-312(well-wishers)-313(to)-312(one)-312(wielding)-313(such)-312(a)-313(beneficent)-312(power,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-314(whom,)-329(from)-314(his)-314(conception)-314(of)-314(his)-313(mission,)-330(they)-314(must)-313(feel)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-313(absolute)-313(identity)-313(of)-313(interest.)-439(And)-313(the)-313(king)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 200.712 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-313(greatest)-313(need)-313(is)]TJ -204.345 -13.549 Td [(friendship,)-242(to)-240(provide)-240(him)-241(with)-240(myriads)-240(of)-240(hands)-240(and)-240(eyes)-240(in)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vast)-342(work)-341(of)-342(government.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.102 3.959 Td [(2016)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.165 -3.959 Td [(Herein)-342(lies)-341(the)-342(sharpest)-342(contrast)]TJ -137.267 -13.549 Td [(between)-409(the)-408(true)-409(king)-409(and)-409(the)-408(tyrant,)-449(a)-408(contrast)-409(which)-409(was)-408(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commonplace)-251(in)-250(antiquity,)-251(but)-251(which)-250(was)-251(stamped)-250(afresh)-251(by)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(juxtaposition)-337(of)-336(the)-337(reign)-337(of)-336(Domitian)-337(and)-337(the)-336(reign)-337(of)-336(Trajan.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-328(universal)-328(hatred)-329(whi)1(ch)-329(pursued)-328(a)-328(bad)-328(Caesar)-328(even)-328(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-341(grave,)-363(which)-341(erased)-341(his)-341(name)-341(from)-341(monuments)-341(and)-340(closed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-236(eyes)-235(even)-236(to)-235(intervals)-236(of)-236(serious)-235(purpose)-236(for)-235(the)-236(general)-235(weal,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-322(a)-321(terrible)-322(illustration)-321(of)-322(the)-322(lonely)-321(friendlessness)-322(of)-321(selfish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.989 3.959 Td [(2017)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.536 -3.959 Td [(Instead)-353(of)-353(loyal)-353(and)-353(grateful)-353(friendship,)-379(the)-353(despot)]TJ -52.525 -13.549 Td [(was)-234(mocked)-235(by)-234(a)-235(venal)-234(flattery)-235(which)-234(was)-235(only)-234(its)-235(mimicry.)-244(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(good)-256(monarch)-257(will)-256(treat)-257(flatterers)-256(as)-257(false)-256(coiners)-257(who)-256(cause)-256(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(genuine)-377(currency)-377(to)-377(be)-377(suspected.)-631(This)-377(counsel)-377(and)-377(others)-376(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dion)-404(were)-403(often)-404(little)-404(regarded)-403(by)-404(succeeding)-404(emperors.)-710(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-464(the)-464(last)-464(shadowy)-463(princes)-464(of)-464(the)-464(fifth)-464(century)-463(professed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-311(the)-311(guardians)-311(of)-311(the)-311(human)-311(race,)-326(and)-311(are)-311(oppressed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-284(an)-284(ideal)-284(of)-285(universal)-284(beneficence)-284(which)-284(they)-284(are)-284(impotent)-284(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(realise.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.2 3.959 Td [(2018)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -19.244 -17.508 Td [(Hitherto)-197(we)-196(have)-197(been)-197(occupied)-197(with)-196(the)-197(preaching)-197(of)-197(Dion)-196(on)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(personal)-180(conduct,)-194(the)-180(reform)-180(of)-180(civic)-180(life,)-194(or)-180(the)-180(duties)-180(of)-179(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power.)-286(It)-262(cannot)-262(be)-262(said)-262(that)-262(he)-262(discusses)-262(these)-262(subjects)-262(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reference)-280(to)-281(religious)-280(beliefs)-281(and)-280(aspirations.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 197.37 3.958 Td [(2019)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.163 -3.958 Td [(But)-280(religion)-281(is)]TJ -217.533 -13.55 Td [(rather)-235(in)-235(the)-236(background;)-240(the)-235(reverence)-235(for)-235(the)-235(Heavenly)-235(Powers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-423(rather)-423(assumed)-423(as)-423(a)-423(necessary)-423(basis)-423(for)-423(human)-423(life)-422(rightly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ordered.)-513(There)-338(is)-337(one)-338(oration,)-360(however,)-359(of)-338(supreme)-338(interest)-337(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.999 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.187 Td [(2016)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(iii.)-250(\247\247)-250(38,)-250(88,)-250(107.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.311 Td [(2017)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sueton.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.356 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.902 0 Td [(xxxiii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.885 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.404 0 Td [(lx.)-915(abolendam)-472(Caesarum)-472(memoriam)-471(ac)]TJ -128.503 -10.959 Td [(diruenda)-277(templa)-278(censuerunt;)-291(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 116.881 0 Td [(Or.)-332(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.334 0 Td [(698,)-284(699,)-284(767,)-284(where)-278(the)-277(names)-277(of)]TJ -155.215 -10.959 Td [(Caligula)-250(and)-250(Domitian)-250(have)-250(been)-250(erased.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2018)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Nov.)-250(Valent.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.822 0 Td [(tit.)-250(viii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.898 0 Td [(Leg.)-250(Anthem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.808 0 Td [(tit.)-250(i.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.43 0 Td [(Nov.)-250(Mart.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.344 0 Td [(ii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -204.997 -7.311 Td [(2019)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-296(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.495 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.853 0 Td [(vii.)-387(\247)-295(135,)-307(where)-296(the)-295(gods)-296(of)-296(pure)-295(wedlock)-296(are)-295(appealed)-296(to)]TJ -65.304 -10.959 Td [(against)-250(vagrant)-250(vice.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2071 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2072 0 R /Resources 2070 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2061 0 R >> endobj 2070 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2075 0 obj << /Length 6903 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(461)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-273(modern)-273(mind,)-279(in)-273(which)-273(Dion)-273(goes)-273(to)-273(the)-273(root)-273(of)-273(all)-272(religion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-323(examines)-323(the)-323(sources)-322(of)-323(belief)-323(in)-323(God)-323(and)-323(the)-322(justification)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-216(anthropomorphic)-216(imagery)-216(in)-216(representing)-216(Him.)-239(This)-215(utterance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-263(called)-263(forth)-264(by)-263(a)-263(visit)-263(to)-264(Olympia)-263(when)-263(Dion)-263(was)-263(advanced)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-182(years.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.214 3.959 Td [(2020)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.917 -3.959 Td [(The)-182(games)-181(of)-182(Olympia)-181(were)-182(a)-182(dazzling)-181(and)-182(inspiring)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.893 0 Td [([380])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(spectacle,)-289(and)-280(the)-281(multitude)-281(which)-281(gathered)-281(there)-281(from)-281(all)-280(parts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-459(the)-459(world)-459(was)-459(a)-459(splendid)-459(audience.)-877(But,)-511(with)-459(the)-459(sound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-371(the)-370(sacred)-371(trumpet,)-401(and)-371(the)-370(herald)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.883 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-371(voice,)-401(proclaiming)-370(the)]TJ -171.515 -13.549 Td [(victor,)-231(in)-227(his)-226(ears,)-231(Dion)-227(turns)-226(away)-227(from)-226(all)-227(the)-226(glory)-227(of)-226(youthful)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(strength)-401(and)-401(grace,)-439(even)-401(from)-401(the)-401(legendary)-401(splendour)-401(of)-401(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-337(festival,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.327 3.959 Td [(2021)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.352 -3.959 Td [(to)-337(the)-337(majestic)-337(figure)-337(of)-337(the)-337(Olympian)-337(Zeus,)]TJ -80.679 -13.549 Td [(which)-324(had)-324(been)-324(graved)-323(by)-324(the)-324(hand)-324(of)-324(Pheidias)-324(more)-324(than)-323(500)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-454(before,)-505(and)-454(to)-453(the)-454(thoughts)-454(of)-454(the)-454(divine)-454(world)-453(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-404(suggested.)-714(That)-404(greatest)-404(triumph)-405(of)-404(idealism)-405(in)-404(plastic)-404(art,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(inspired)-299(by)-300(famous)-299(lines)-299(in)-299(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 140.186 0 Td [(Iliad)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.608 0 Td [(,)-312(was,)-311(by)-299(the)-300(consent)-299(of)-299(all)]TJ -160.794 -13.549 Td [(antiquity,)-305(the)-294(masterpiece)-294(of)-294(Pheidias.)-382(Ancient)-294(writers)-294(of)-293(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ages)-250(are)-251(lost)-250(in)-251(admiration)-250(of)-251(the)-250(mingled)-251(majesty)-250(and)-250(benignity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-433(the)-434(divine)-433(effigy)-434(expressed.)-800(To)-434(the)-433(eyes)-434(of)-433(Lucian)-433(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seemed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.882 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-290(very)-290(son)-290(of)-291(Kronos)-290(brought)-290(down)-290(to)-290(earth,)-300(and)-290(set)]TJ -40.725 -13.55 Td [(to)-255(watch)-255(over)-255(the)-255(lonely)-255(plain)-255(of)-255(Elis.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.604 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2022)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.22 -3.959 Td [(There)-255(it)-255(sat)-255(watching)]TJ -188.668 -13.549 Td [(for)-391(more)-391(than)-392(800)-391(years,)-426(till)-391(it)-392(was)-391(swept)-391(away)-391(in)-391(the)-391(fierce,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(final)-280(effort)-281(to)-280(dethrone)-281(the)-280(religion)-281(of)-280(the)-280(past.)-342(Yet)-280(the)-280(majestic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(image,)-390(which)-362(attracted)-362(the)-361(fury)-362(of)-362(the)-362(iconoclasts)-362(of)-362(the)-361(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-256(Theodosius,)-258(inspired)-257(Dion)-256(with)-257(thoughts)-256(of)-257(the)-256(Divine)-256(nature)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-334(travelled)-334(far)-334(beyond)-335(the)-334(paganism)-334(either)-334(of)-334(poetry)-334(or)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-420(crowd.)-759(It)-419(was)-420(not)-419(merely)-420(the)-420(masterpiece)-419(of)-420(artistic)-419(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(constructive)-323(skill)-323(which)-323(had)-323(fascinated)-323(the)-322(gaze,)-342(and)-323(borne)-322(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vicissitudes,)-275(of)-269(so)-270(many)-270(centuries,)-275(that)-269(moved)-270(his)-270(admiration;)-279(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-253(also,)-253(and)-253(more,)-253(the)-253(moral)-253(effect)-252(of)-253(that)-253(miracle)-252(of)-253(art)-253(on)-252(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.108 Td [(2020)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2021)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.31 Td [(2022)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.094 0 Td [(De)-424(Sacrif.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.712 0 Td [(11,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 15.395 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275\304\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.008 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.344 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.634 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-424(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.2 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-424(\232\301\314\275\277\305)-423(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.911 0 Td [(v)-423(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.79 0 Td [(\255\261\302)-423(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.694 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-422(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.586 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.327 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.247 0 Td [(\246\265\271\264\257\277\305)-421(\274\265\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.442 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\272\271\303\274\255\275\277\275)-422(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.712 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.417 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-422(\240\271\303\261\257\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.836 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\301\267\274\257\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.578 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\303\272\277\300\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.158 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.083 -10.959 Td [(\272\265\272\265\273\265\305\303\274\255\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 56.165 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2074 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2075 0 R /Resources 2073 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2061 0 R >> endobj 2076 0 obj << /D [2074 0 R /XYZ 288.609 463.978 null] >> endobj 2073 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2079 0 obj << /Length 7981 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(462)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(spectator.)-247(The)-242(wildest)-242(and)-242(fiercest)-242(of)-242(the)-242(brute)-242(creation)-242(might)-241(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(calmed)-334(and)-334(softened)-334(by)-335(the)-334(air)-334(of)-334(majestic)-334(peace)-334(and)-334(kindness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-370(floated)-370(around)-370(the)-371(gold)-370(and)-370(ivory.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 192.374 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Whosoever)-370(among)]TJ -197.218 -13.549 Td [(mortal)-307(men)-307(is)-307(most)-307(utterly)-308(toil-worn)-307(in)-307(spirit,)-321(having)-307(drunk)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cup)-270(of)-269(many)-270(sorrows)-270(and)-269(calamities,)-275(when)-270(he)-269(stands)-270(before)-269(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(image,)-310(methinks,)-310(must)-299(utterly)-298(forget)-298(all)-298(the)-298(terrors)-298(and)-298(woes)-298(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-250(mortal)-250(life.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.971 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2023)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -59.859 -17.508 Td [(But)-336(the)-336(thoughts)-336(of)-336(Dion,)-357(in)-336(presence)-336(of)-336(the)-336(majestic)-336(figure)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(at)-315(Olympia,)-332(take)-316(a)-315(wider)-315(range.)-447(His)-315(theme)-315(is)-316(nothing)-315(less)-315(than)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([381])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(the)-311(sources)-312(of)-311(our)-312(idea)-311(of)-311(God,)-327(and)-312(the)-311(place)-311(of)-312(art)-311(in)-311(religion.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-409(pours)-409(his)-409(scorn)-408(upon)-409(hedonistic)-409(atheism.)-727(Our)-408(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-483(God)-484(is)-483(innate,)-542(original,)-542(universal)-483(among)-483(all)-484(the)-483(races)-483(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.513 3.959 Td [(2024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.798 -3.959 Td [(It)-361(is)-361(the)-361(product)-361(of)-361(the)-361(higher)-361(reason,)-389(contemplating)]TJ -44.311 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(majestic)-314(order,)-329(minute)-314(adaptation,)-330(and)-314(beneficent)-313(provision)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-445(human)-445(wants)-445(in)-445(the)-445(natural)-445(world.)-835(In)-445(that)-445(great)-444(temple,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-275(its)-274(alternations)-275(of)-275(gloom)-275(and)-274(splendour,)-281(its)-275(many)-275(voices)-274(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(joy)-335(or)-334(of)-334(terror,)-356(man)-335(is)-334(being)-335(perpetually)-334(initiated)-334(in)-335(the)-334(Great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mysteries,)-277(on)-272(a)-272(grander)-271(scale)-272(than)-272(at)-272(Eleusis,)-277(with)-272(God)-271(Himself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-312(preside)-312(over)-312(the)-312(rites.)-436(The)-312(belief)-312(in)-312(God)-312(depends)-312(in)-311(the)-312(first)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(instance)-295(on)-295(no)-295(human)-295(teaching,)-306(any)-295(more)-295(than)-295(does)-295(the)-295(love)-295(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(child)-359(to)-359(parent.)-577(But)-359(this)-359(original)-359(intuition)-359(and)-359(belief)-359(in)-358(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powers)-396(finds)-397(expression)-396(through)-397(the)-396(genius)-397(of)-396(inspired)-396(poets;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-353(is)-352(reinforced)-353(by)-352(the)-353(imperative)-353(prescriptions)-352(of)-353(the)-352(founders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-287(lawgivers)-287(of)-286(states;)-306(it)-287(takes)-286(external)-287(form)-287(in)-287(bronze)-287(or)-286(gold)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-300(ivory)-300(or)-300(marble,)-313(under)-299(the)-300(cunning)-300(hand)-300(of)-300(the)-300(great)-300(artist;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(it)-346(is)-345(developed)-346(and)-346(expounded)-345(by)-346(philosophy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.554 3.959 Td [(2025)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.298 -3.959 Td [(Like)-346(all)-345(the)]TJ -228.852 -13.549 Td [(deepest)-215(thinkers)-214(of)-215(his)-214(time,)-222(Dion)-215(is)-214(persuaded)-215(of)-214(the)-215(certainty)-214(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.786 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-329(existence,)-348(but)-329(he)-329(is)-328(equally)-329(conscious)-329(of)-329(the)-328(remoteness)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.922 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.11 Td [(2023)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.88 0 Td [(xii.)-731(\247)-410(51,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 41.666 0 Td [(\254\275\270\301\316\300\311\275)-410(\264\255)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.567 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.278 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.335 0 Td [(\002)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.224 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(\300\261\275\304\265\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.325 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.334 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\257\300\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.08 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-410(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.19 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.789 0 Td [(\275)-410(\310\305\307\256\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.379 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\300\277\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.65 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.422 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\261\275\304\273\256\303\261\302)-420(\276\305\274\306\277\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 71.541 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-420(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.703 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.402 0 Td [(\273\315\300\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.127 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-420(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.167 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.042 0 Td [(\262\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.102 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.042 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.539 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)-420(C)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.867 0 Td [(\302)-420(\264\277\272\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.521 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.401 0 Td [(\274\277\271)]TJ -268.696 -10.959 Td [(\272\261\304\265\275\261\275\304\257\277\275)-267(\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.736 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-267(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.904 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\303\264\265)-267(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.592 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-267(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.814 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\272\314\275\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.097 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\273\261\270\255\303\270\261\271)-267(\300\254\275\304\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 71.786 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\303\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.383 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.936 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\270\301\311\300\257\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.481 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.354 -10.959 Td [(\262\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.102 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\264\265\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.243 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\307\261\273\265\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.282 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\263\257\263\275\265\304\261\271)-250(\300\261\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 50.57 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -141.691 -7.311 Td [(2024)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.184 0 Td [(xii.)-240(\247\247)-221(27,)-227(28,)-227(33,)-226(42;)-231(cf.)-240(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 107.271 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.184 0 Td [(117,)-227(\247)-221(6,)-226(omnibus)-221(insita)-221(de)-221(dis)-221(opinio)]TJ -147.595 -10.959 Td [(est.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(2025)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247\247)-250(42,)-250(43.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2078 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2079 0 R /Resources 2077 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2061 0 R >> endobj 2080 0 obj << /D [2078 0 R /XYZ 335.583 409.782 null] >> endobj 2077 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2083 0 obj << /Length 6279 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(463)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-280(the)-280(Infinite)-280(Spirit,)-288(and)-280(of)-279(the)-280(weakness)-280(of)-280(all)-280(human)-280(effort)-280(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(approach,)-362(or)-340(to)-339(picture)-340(it)-340(to)-339(the)-340(mind)-340(of)-339(man.)-519(We)-340(are)-340(to)-339(Dion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(like)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 20.389 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(children)-369(crying)-369(in)-369(the)-369(night,)-399(and)-369(with)-369(no)-368(language)-369(but)-369(a)]TJ -25.233 -13.549 Td [(cry.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.659 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.958 Td [(2026)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.797 -3.958 Td [(Yet)-308(the)-308(child)-308(will)-308(strive)-307(to)-308(image)-308(forth)-308(the)-308(face)-308(of)-308(the)]TJ -41.299 -13.55 Td [(Father,)-349(although)-330(it)-329(is)-330(hidden)-329(behind)-329(a)-330(veil)-329(which)-330(will)-329(never)-329(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(withdrawn)-408(in)-407(this)-408(world.)-723(The)-407(genius)-408(of)-407(poetry,)-447(commanding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-457(most)-458(versatile)-457(power)-458(of)-457(giving)-457(utterance)-458(to)-457(the)-457(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination,)-330(is)-314(first)-313(in)-314(order)-314(and)-314(in)-314(power.)-441(Law)-314(and)-313(institution)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(follow)-280(in)-280(its)-280(wake.)-340(The)-280(plastic)-280(arts,)-287(under)-280(cramping)-280(limitations,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(come)-207(later)-206(still)-207(to)-206(body)-207(forth)-206(the)-207(divine)-206(dreams)-207(of)-206(the)-207(elder)-206(bards.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dion)-294(had)-293(thought)-294(much)-293(on)-294(the)-293(relative)-293(power)-294(of)-293(poetry)-294(and)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sculptor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.149 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-306(art)-306(to)-306(give)-306(expression)-306(to)-306(the)-306(thoughts)-306(and)-306(feelings)-306(of)]TJ -38.782 -13.549 Td [(man)-352(about)-351(the)-352(Divine)-352(nature.)-555(The)-351(boundless)-352(power)-352(or)-351(licence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-297(language)-297(to)-296(find)-297(a)-297(symbol)-297(for)-297(every)-296(thought)-297(or)-297(image)-297(on)-296(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(phantasy)-321(is)-320(seen)-321(at)-320(its)-321(height)-320(in)-321(Homer,)-338(who)-321(riots)-320(in)-321(an)-320(almost)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([382])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(lawless)-271(exercise)-271(of)-270(his)-271(gifts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.613 3.959 Td [(2027)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.847 -3.959 Td [(But)-271(the)-271(chief)-270(importance)-271(of)-271(the)]TJ -143.46 -13.549 Td [(discussion)-352(lies)-353(in)-352(an)-352(arraignment)-352(of)-353(Pheidias)-352(for)-352(attempting)-352(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(image)-316(in)-316(visible)-316(form)-317(the)-316(great)-316(Soul)-316(and)-316(Ruler)-316(of)-316(the)-316(universe,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Whom)-235(mortal)-235(eye)-235(has)-235(never)-235(seen)-235(and)-235(can)-235(never)-235(see.)-245(His)-234(defence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-255(very)-256(interesting,)-256(both)-256(as)-255(a)-256(clear)-255(statement)-255(of)-256(the)-255(limitations)-255(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(plastic)-334(arts,)-356(and)-334(as)-335(a)-334(justification)-335(of)-334(material)-334(images)-335(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine.)]TJ 11.956 -16.007 Td [(Pheidias)-450(pleads)-449(in)-450(his)-450(defence)-450(that)-450(the)-449(artist)-450(could)-450(not,)-499(if)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(he)-532(would,)-602(desert)-532(the)-531(ancient)-532(religious)-532(tradition,)-602(which)-531(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(consecrated)-194(in)-195(popular)-194(imagination)-195(by)-194(the)-195(romance)-194(of)-195(poetry;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2028)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(that)-155(is)-155(fixed)-156(for)-155(ever.)-218(Granted)-155(that)-156(the)-155(Divine)-155(nature)-155(is)-155(far)-155(removed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-262(us,)-265(and)-263(far)-262(beyond)-262(our)-262(ken;)-269(yet,)-265(as)-262(little)-262(children)-262(separated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-357(their)-356(parents,)-383(feel)-357(a)-356(strong)-357(yearning)-356(for)-356(them)-357(and)-356(stretch)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(out)-291(their)-290(hands)-291(vainly)-290(in)-291(their)-290(dreams,)-301(so)-290(the)-291(race)-290(of)-291(man,)-300(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(love)-389(and)-389(kindred,)-423(longs)-389(ever)-389(to)-388(draw)-389(nigh)-389(to)-389(the)-389(unseen)-388(God)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.149 Td [(2026)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.989 0 Td [(\247)-254(61,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.258 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)-254(\275\256\300\271\277\271)-254(\300\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.823 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\265\302)-254(\300\261\304\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.563 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.937 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.066 0 Td [(\274\267\304\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.763 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.937 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\265\303\300\261\303\274\255\275\277\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.003 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.077 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301\255\263\277\305\303\271)]TJ -252.385 -10.959 Td [(\307\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.123 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\301\261\302)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.359 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\300\261\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.175 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\271)-250(\300\277\273\273\254\272\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.63 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275\265\271\301\316\304\304\277\275\304\265\302)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.916 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -177.377 -7.31 Td [(2027)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66 -7.311 Td [(2028)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(56.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2082 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2083 0 R /Resources 2081 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2085 0 R >> endobj 2084 0 obj << /D [2082 0 R /XYZ 249.634 328.486 null] >> endobj 2081 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2088 0 obj << /Length 8765 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(464)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(by)-438(prayer)-437(and)-438(sacrifice)-438(and)-437(visible)-438(symbol.)-813(The)-438(ruder)-437(races)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-364(image)-364(their)-364(god)-364(in)-364(trees)-365(or)-364(shapeless)-364(stones,)-392(or)-364(may)-364(seek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-295(strange)-296(symbol)-295(in)-295(some)-296(of)-295(the)-295(lower)-296(forms)-295(of)-295(animal)-296(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2029)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-356(higher)-356(may)-356(find)-357(sublime)-356(expression)-356(of)-356(His)-356(essence)-356(in)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sun)-255(and)-254(starry)-255(spheres.)-264(For)-255(the)-255(pure)-255(and)-254(infinite)-255(mind)-255(which)-254(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(engendered)-311(and)-311(which)-310(sustains)-311(the)-311(universe)-311(of)-311(life,)-326(no)-310(sculptor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-366(painter)-367(of)-366(Hellas)-366(has)-366(ever)-367(found,)-395(or)-366(can)-367(ever)-366(find,)-395(full)-366(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adequate)-325(expression.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 91.705 3.959 Td [(2030)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.628 -3.959 Td [(Hence)-325(men)-326(take)-325(refuge)-325(in)-325(the)-326(vehicle)]TJ -113.333 -13.549 Td [(and)-315(receptacle)-315(of)-314(the)-315(noblest)-315(spirit)-315(known)-314(to)-315(them,)-331(the)-315(form)-314(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(man.)-245(And)-234(the)-234(Infinite)-234(Spirit,)-238(of)-234(which)-234(the)-234(human)-234(is)-234(an)-234(effluence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-271(perhaps)-271(best)-272(be)-271(embodied)-271(in)-271(the)-271(form)-272(of)-271(His)-271(child.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.007 3.959 Td [(2031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.86 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.549 Td [(no)-273(effort)-273(or)-273(ecstasy)-273(of)-273(artistic)-273(fancy,)-279(in)-273(form)-273(or)-273(colour,)-278(can)-273(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(follow)-328(the)-329(track)-328(of)-328(the)-328(Homeric)-328(imagination)-329(in)-328(its)-328(majesty)-328(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infinite)-191(variety)-191(of)-191(expression.)-230(The)-191(sculptor)-191(and)-191(painter)-191(have)-190(fixed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(limits)-368(set)-368(to)-369(t)1(heir)-369(skill,)-397(beyond)-369(which)-368(they)-368(cannot)-368(pass.)-604(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-398(appeal)-398(only)-398(to)-397(the)-398(eye;)-472(their)-398(material)-398(has)-398(not)-398(the)-397(infinite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ductility)-345(and)-345(elasticity)-345(of)-345(the)-345(poetic)-345(dialect)-345(of)-345(many)-345(tribes)-344(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-200(generations.)-234(They)-200(can)-200(seize)-200(only)-200(a)-200(single)-200(moment)-200(of)-200(action)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-311(passion,)-326(and)-311(fix)-311(it)-311(for)-310(ever)-311(in)-311(bronze)-311(or)-311(stone.)-433(Yet)-310(Pheidias,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-335(a)-335(certain)-335(modest)-335(self-assertion,)-356(pleads)-335(that)-335(his)-334(conception)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([383])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-287(the)-286(Olympian)-287(Zeus,)-296(although)-286(less)-287(various)-286(and)-287(seductive)-286(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Homer)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.295 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s,)-379(although)-353(he)-353(cannot)-353(present)-353(to)-352(the)-353(gazer)-353(the)-353(crashing)]TJ -33.928 -13.549 Td [(thunderbolt)-388(or)-388(the)-388(baleful)-388(star,)-423(or)-388(the)-388(heaving)-388(of)-388(Olympus,)-422(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-292(more)-291(elevating)-292(and)-291(inspiring.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.334 3.959 Td [(2032)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.525 -3.959 Td [(The)-292(Zeus)-291(of)-292(Pheidias)]TJ -186.859 -13.549 Td [(is)-266(the)-267(peace-loving)-266(and)-266(gentle)-266(providence)-267(of)-266(an)-266(undisturbed)-266(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(harmonious)-261(Greece,)-264(the)-262(august)-261(giver)-261(of)-262(all)-261(good)-261(gifts,)-264(the)-261(father)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-359(saviour)-360(and)-359(guardian)-360(of)-359(men.)-578(The)-359(many)-360(names)-359(by)-359(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-208(call)-207(him)-208(may)-207(each)-208(find)-208(some)-207(answering)-208(trait)-207(in)-208(the)-207(laborious)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.999 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.187 Td [(2029)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.241 0 Td [(\247)-282(61;)-299(cf.)-347(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.275 0 Td [(De)-282(Is.)-347(et)-282(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.531 0 Td [(lxxi.,)-290(lxxii.,)-291(lxxvi.;)-298(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.671 0 Td [(Apoll.)-347(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -235.674 -10.959 Td [(vi.)-250(19;)-250(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 63.509 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(viii.)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.674 -7.311 Td [(2030)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-235(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.685 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.313 0 Td [(xii.)-245(\247)-235(59,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 33.844 0 Td [(\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.012 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-235(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.914 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301)-235(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.675 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.746 0 Td [(\306\301\314\275\267\303\271\275)-235(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.091 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-235(\272\261\270)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 20.41 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.095 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-235(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.121 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\265)-235(\304\271\302)]TJ -260.749 -10.959 Td [(\300\273\254\303\304\267\302)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.453 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\265)-250(\304\271\302)-250(\263\301\261\306\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.993 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-250(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.666 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\254\303\261\271)-250(\264\305\275\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.101 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.485 0 Td [(:)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.671 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(lxxix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -228.62 -7.31 Td [(2031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-281(Max.)-280(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.621 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.517 0 Td [(viii.)-281(\247)-260(3,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 32.616 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.799 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.879 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.124 0 Td [(\273\273\267\275\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.012 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-260(\304\271\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.204 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)-260(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.2 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-260(\270\265\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.696 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.991 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\277\274\257\303\265)]TJ -256.098 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.327 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-199(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.585 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.568 0 Td [(\272\261\273\273\257\303\304\277\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.286 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.022 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.568 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-199(\272\261\270\261\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.074 0 Td [(\267)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\274\277\301\306)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.304 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.568 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-199(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.254 0 Td [(\275\270\301\311\300\257\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.481 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.568 0 Td [(\304\255\307\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.525 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.568 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-199(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.253 0 Td [(\272\301\271\262\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.726 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -281.128 -7.311 Td [(2032)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.86 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247)-250(78.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2087 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2088 0 R /Resources 2086 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2085 0 R >> endobj 2089 0 obj << /D [2087 0 R /XYZ 158.427 260.74 null] >> endobj 2086 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2092 0 obj << /Length 1782 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(missionary)-11947(465)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(work)-233(of)-234(the)-233(chisel.)-245(In)-233(the)-233(lines)-234(of)-233(that)-233(majestic)-234(and)-233(benign)-233(image)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-212(shadowed)-213(forth)-212(the)-212(mild)-213(king)-212(and)-213(father,)-219(the)-213(hearer)-212(of)-212(prayer,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-290(guardian)-290(of)-291(civic)-290(order)-290(and)-290(family)-291(love,)-300(the)-290(protector)-290(of)-290(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stranger,)-349(and)-330(the)-329(power)-330(who)-329(gives)-330(fertile)-329(increase)-330(to)-329(flock)-329(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(field.)-407(The)-302(Zeus)-303(of)-302(Pheidias)-302(and)-302(of)-303(Dion)-302(is)-302(a)-303(God)-302(of)-302(mercy)-302(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peace,)-250(with)-250(no)-250(memory)-250(of)-250(the)-250(wars)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Giants.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.411 3.959 Td [(2033)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -203.455 -17.508 Td [(Dion)-564(is)-563(a)-564(popular)-564(teacher)-564(of)-563(morality,)-642(not)-564(a)-564(thinker)-563(or)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(theologian.)-463(But)-321(this)-321(excursion)-321(into)-321(the)-321(field)-321(of)-321(theology)-320(shows)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-321(at)-320(his)-321(best.)-462(And)-321(it)-321(prepares)-320(us)-321(for)-321(the)-320(study)-321(of)-321(some)-320(more)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(formal)-250(efforts)-250(to)-250(find)-250(a)-250(theology)-250(in)-250(the)-250(poetry)-250(of)-250(legend.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(2033)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247\247)-250(74,)-250(75.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2091 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2092 0 R /Resources 2090 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2085 0 R >> endobj 2090 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2093 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index14) >> endobj 2096 0 obj (III. The philosophic theologian) endobj 2099 0 obj << /Length 3959 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 20.788 512.811 Td [([384])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 167.043 -30.985 Td [(CHAPTER)-278(III)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -55.662 -46.122 Td [(THE)-262(PHILOSOPHIC)-261(THEOLOGIAN)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -38.626 -26.765 Td [(The)-268(times)-267(were)-268(ripe)-268(for)-267(a)-268(theodicy.)-303(Religion)-268(of)-267(every)-268(mood)-267(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tone,)-270(of)-266(every)-265(age)-266(and)-266(clime,)-270(was)-266(in)-265(the)-266(air,)-270(and)-266(philosophy)-265(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abandoned)-411(speculation)-410(and)-411(turned)-410(to)-411(the)-410(direction)-411(of)-410(conduct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-475(spiritual)-474(life.)-925(The)-474(mission)-475(of)-475(philosophy)-474(is)-475(to)-475(find)-474(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-357(in)-357(the)-357(many,)-384(and)-358(never)-357(did)-357(the)-357(religious)-357(life)-357(of)-357(men)-357(offer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-374(more)-373(bewildering)-374(multiplicity)-373(and)-374(variety,)-405(not)-373(to)-374(say)-373(chaos,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-453(the)-452(ordering)-453(power)-452(of)-453(phi)1(losophy.)-858(The)-452(scepticism)-453(of)-452(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Neronian)-342(age)-343(had)-342(almost)-342(disappeared.)-527(The)-343(only)-342(rationalists)-342(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-219(distinction)-219(in)-220(the)-219(second)-219(century)-219(were)-219(Lucian)-219(and)-220(Galen.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-356(was)-357(an)-356(age)-356(of)-356(imperious)-357(spiritual)-356(cravings,)-383(alike)-356(among)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cultivated)-373(and)-373(the)-373(vulgar.)-619(But)-373(the)-373(thin)-373(abstractions)-373(of)-373(the)-373(old)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Latin)-404(faith)-403(and)-404(the)-403(brilliant)-404(anthropomorphism)-403(of)-404(Greece)-403(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ceased)-219(to)-219(satisfy)-219(even)-220(the)-219(crowd.)-239(It)-220(was)-219(an)-219(age)-219(with)-219(a)-219(longing)-219(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-270(religious)-269(system)-270(less)-269(formal)-270(and)-269(coldly)-270(external,)-274(for)-270(a)-269(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-281(satisfying)-280(to)-281(the)-280(deeper)-281(emotions,)-288(a)-280(religion)-281(which)-280(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offer)-401(divine)-401(help)-401(to)-400(human)-401(need)-401(and)-401(misery,)-439(divine)-400(guidance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amid)-204(the)-205(darkness)-204(of)-204(time;)-220(above)-204(all,)-214(a)-204(divine)-204(light)-205(in)-204(the)-204(mystery)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-373(death.)-621(The)-373(glory)-374(of)-373(classic)-374(art)-373(had)-374(mysteriously)-373(closed.)-620(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-359(an)-360(age)-359(rather)-360(of)-359(material)-359(splendour,)-387(and,)-387(at)-359(first)-360(sight,)-386(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-334(of)-335(bourgeois)-334(ideals)-334(of)-334(parochial)-335(fame)-334(and)-334(mere)-334(enjoyment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-353(the)-353(hour.)-559(Yet)-353(the)-353(Antonine)-353(age)-353(has)-353(some)-353(claim)-353(to)-352(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distinction.)-666(In)-388(the)-389(dim,)-423(sub-conscious)-389(feelings)-388(of)-389(the)-388(masses,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-407(well)-407(as)-407(in)-407(the)-407(definite)-407(spiritual)-407(effort)-407(of)-407(the)-407(higher)-407(minds,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-408(was)-409(really)-408(a)-408(great)-408(movement)-409(towards)-408(a)-408(ruling)-408(principle)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.722 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 80.91 Td [(2034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.374 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.482 0 Td [(iii.)-303(pp.)-302(430,)-272(435;)-276(cf.)-303(Thiersch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 110.875 0 Td [(Politik)-267(u.)-303(Phil.)-303(in)-267(ihrem)]TJ -194.687 -10.959 Td [(Verh\344ltn.)-250(zur)-250(Religion)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 79.954 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2098 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2099 0 R /Resources 2097 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2085 0 R >> endobj 119 0 obj << /D [2098 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 2094 0 obj << /D [2098 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 2097 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2102 0 obj << /Length 4839 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(467)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-337(conduct)-338(and)-337(a)-338(spiritual)-337(vision.)-512(Men)-338(often,)-359(indeed,)-359(followed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-286(marsh-light)-287(through)-286(strange)-286(devious)-287(paths)-286(into)-286(wildernesses)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([385])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(peopled)-237(with)-237(the)-237(spectres)-237(of)-238(ol)1(d-world)-238(superstition.)-245(But)-237(the)-237(light)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-291(the)-291(Holy)-291(Grail)-291(had)-292(at)-291(last)-291(flashed)-291(on)-291(the)-291(eyes)-291(of)-291(some)-291(loftier)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(minds.)-355(From)-285(the)-284(early)-285(years)-285(of)-285(the)-285(second)-285(century)-285(we)-285(can)-284(trace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-408(great)-408(combined)-408(movement)-408(of)-408(the)-408(new)-408(Platonism)-408(and)-407(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revived)-256(paganism,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.05 3.959 Td [(2035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.246 -3.959 Td [(which)-256(so)-256(long)-256(retarded)-256(the)-256(triumph)-255(of)-256(the)]TJ -99.296 -13.549 Td [(Church,)-271(and)-266(yet,)-270(in)-267(the)-266(Divinely-guided)-267(evolution,)-270(was)-266(destined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(prepare)-250(men)-250(for)-250(it.)]TJ 11.956 -13.894 Td [(The)-272(old)-272(religion)-273(had)-272(not)-272(lost)-272(all)-273(hold)-272(on)-272(men)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 197.029 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-272(minds,)-278(as)-272(it)-272(is)]TJ -212.618 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-326(said)-325(to)-326(have)-326(done,)-345(in)-325(rather)-326(too)-326(sweeping)-325(language.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-455(punctilious)-454(ritual)-455(with)-455(which,)-506(in)-454(the)-455(stately)-455(narrative)-454(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Tacitus,)-372(the)-347(Capitol)-347(was)-347(restored)-347(by)-348(Vespasian,)-371(the)-347(pious)-347(care)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-239(which)-240(the)-239(young)-239(Aurelius)-240(recited)-239(the)-239(Salian)-240(litany)-239(in)-239(words)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-409(longer)-409(understood,)-449(the)-409(countless)-409(victims)-409(which)-409(he)-408(offered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-430(the)-430(guardian)-429(gods)-430(of)-430(Rome)-430(in)-429(evil)-430(days)-430(of)-430(pestilence)-429(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doubtful)-318(war,)-336(these)-318(things)-318(reveal)-319(the)-318(strength)-318(of)-319(the)-318(religion)-318(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Numa.)-612(Two)-371(centuries)-371(after)-371(M.)-370(Aurelius)-371(was)-371(in)-371(his)-370(grave,)-401(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deities)-259(which)-259(had)-259(cradled)-258(the)-259(Roman)-259(state,)-261(and)-259(watched)-259(over)-258(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(career,)-319(were)-305(still)-306(objects)-305(of)-305(reverence)-306(to)-305(the)-305(conservative)-305(circle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-211(Symmachus.)-236(A)-211(religion)-211(which)-210(was)-211(intertwined)-210(with)-211(the)-210(whole)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fabric)-419(of)-419(government)-419(and)-419(society,)-461(which)-419(gave)-419(its)-419(sanction)-418(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benediction)-214(to)-213(every)-214(act)-214(and)-214(incident)-213(in)-214(the)-214(individual)-213(life,)-221(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-461(omnipresent)-461(in)-460(game)-461(and)-461(festival,)-513(in)-461(temple)-461(and)-460(votive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monument,)-483(was)-436(placed)-436(far)-436(beyond)-436(the)-436(influence)-436(of)-436(changing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fashions)-405(of)-404(devotion.)-714(It)-405(was)-405(a)-404(powerful)-405(stay)-405(of)-404(patriotism,)-443(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powerful)-286(bond)-286(of)-287(civic)-286(and)-286(family)-286(life;)-304(it)-287(threw)-286(a)-286(charm)-286(of)-286(awe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-261(old-world)-260(sanctity)-261(around)-260(everything)-261(it)-261(touched.)-281(But)-261(for)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deeper)-254(spiritual)-254(wants)-254(and)-254(emotions)-254(it)-254(furnished)-254(little)-253(nutriment.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(To)-345(find)-344(relief)-345(and)-344(cleansing)-345(from)-344(the)-345(sense)-344(of)-345(guilt,)-368(cheer)-344(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glad)-422(exaltation)-422(of)-422(pious)-422(emotion,)-465(consolation)-422(in)-422(the)-422(common)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miseries)-357(of)-357(life,)-384(and)-357(hope)-358(in)-357(the)-357(shadow)-357(of)-357(death,)-384(men)-357(had)-357(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.806 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 80.91 Td [(2035)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Thiersch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.605 0 Td [(Politik)-215(und)-215(Philosophie)-215(in)-215(ihrem)-215(Verh\344ltniss)-215(zur)-214(Religion)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 204.285 0 Td [(,)-222(pp.)-238(14,)]TJ -251.845 -10.959 Td [(15.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2101 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2102 0 R /Resources 2100 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2085 0 R >> endobj 2103 0 obj << /D [2101 0 R /XYZ 46.771 504.626 null] >> endobj 2100 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2106 0 obj << /Length 5400 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(468)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(betake)-287(themselves)-287(to)-286(other)-287(systems.)-360(The)-287(oriental)-287(religions)-286(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pouring)-362(in)-361(like)-362(a)-361(flood,)-390(and)-361(spreading)-362(over)-362(all)-361(the)-362(West.)-584(One)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Antonine)-219(built)-218(a)-219(shrine)-219(of)-218(Mithra,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 145.551 3.959 Td [(2036)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.892 -3.959 Td [(another)-219(took)-218(the)-219(tonsure)-219(of)]TJ -164.443 -13.549 Td [(Isis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 17.88 3.958 Td [(2037)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.983 -3.958 Td [(The)-305(priests)-306(and)-305(acolytes)-306(of)-305(the)-306(Egyptian)-306(goddess)-305(were)]TJ -38.863 -13.55 Td [(everywhere,)-309(chanting)-296(their)-297(litanies)-297(in)-297(solemn)-297(processions)-296(along)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([386])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-311(streets,)-326(instructing)-311(and)-311(baptizing)-311(their)-311(catechumens,)-326(and,)-326(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-315(alternating)-314(gloom)-315(and)-315(splendour)-314(of)-315(their)-315(mysteries,)-330(bearing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-202(entranced)-203(soul)-202(to)-203(the)-202(boundaries)-202(of)-203(life)-202(and)-202(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.216 3.959 Td [(2038)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.992 -3.959 Td [(Mithra,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -248.208 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-367(Unconquered,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.833 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.851 0 Td [(was)-367(justifying)-368(his)-367(name.)-602(In)-367(every)-368(district)]TJ -92.528 -13.55 Td [(from)-400(the)-399(Euxine)-400(to)-399(the)-399(Solway)-400(he)-399(brought)-400(a)-399(new)-400(message)-399(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heathendom.)-496(Pure)-332(from)-332(all)-331(grossness)-332(of)-332(myth,)-353(the)-332(Persian)-331(god)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(light)-295(came)-295(as)-295(the)-295(mediator)-295(and)-295(comforter,)-306(to)-295(soothe)-295(the)-295(poor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-284(broken-hearted,)-292(and)-284(give)-284(the)-283(cleansing)-284(of)-284(the)-284(mystic)-283(blood.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-251(hierarchy)-250(of)-251(the)-250(initiated,)-251(his)-250(soothing)-251(symbolic)-250(sacraments,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-467(gorgeous)-466(ritual,)-521(and)-466(his)-467(promise)-466(of)-467(immortalit)1(y)-467(to)-466(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-274(drank)-274(the)-275(mystic)-274(Haoma,)-280(gratified)-274(and)-274(stimulated)-274(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(longings)-239(which)-240(were)-239(to)-239(find)-239(their)-239(full)-240(satisfaction)-239(in)-239(the)-239(ministry)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(Church.)]TJ 11.956 -16.98 Td [(But)-342(the)-343(religious)-342(imagination)-343(was)-342(not)-343(satisfied)-342(with)-342(historic)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(and)-420(accredited)-421(systems.)-760(Travel)-420(and)-421(conquest)-420(were)-420(adding)-420(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-438(spiritual)-438(wealth)-438(or)-438(burden)-438(of)-438(the)-438(Roman)-438(race.)-814(In)-438(lonely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Alpine)-338(passes,)-360(in)-338(the)-338(deserts)-338(of)-338(Africa,)-360(or)-338(the)-338(Yorkshire)-338(dales,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-512(every)-512(ancient)-512(wood)-511(or)-512(secret)-512(spring)-512(which)-512(he)-512(passed)-511(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-395(wanderings)-394(or)-395(campaigns,)-431(the)-395(Roman)-394(found)-395(hosts)-395(of)-394(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divinities,)-283(possible)-277(helpers)-277(or)-276(possible)-277(enemies,)-283(whose)-277(favour)-276(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-268(expedient)-268(to)-269(win.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95.733 3.959 Td [(2039)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.76 -3.959 Td [(And,)-273(where)-268(he)-268(knew)-268(not)-268(their)-269(strange)]TJ -115.493 -13.549 Td [(outlandish)-365(names,)-393(he)-364(would)-365(try)-364(to)-365(propitiate)-364(them)-365(all)-364(together)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-336(no)-337(name,)-358(or)-336(any)-337(name)-336(that)-337(pleased)-336(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.795 3.958 Td [(2040)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.994 -3.958 Td [(And,)-358(as)-336(if)]TJ -235.789 -13.55 Td [(this)-206(vague)-206(multitude)-206(of)-207(ghostly)-206(powers)-206(were)-206(not)-206(large)-206(enough)-206(for)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(2036)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.387 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(unter)-250(den)-250(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.722 0 Td [(p.)-250(81.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -114.804 -7.311 Td [(2037)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(Commodus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.349 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -90.407 -7.311 Td [(2038)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(11,)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.537 -7.31 Td [(2039)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(186,)-250(193,)-250(228)-250(sqq.,)-250(275,)-250(1637,)-250(1580,)-250(5873,)-250(5879,)-250(5887,)-250(1993.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(2040)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(110,)-250(111.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2105 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2106 0 R /Resources 2104 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2085 0 R >> endobj 2107 0 obj << /D [2105 0 R /XYZ 349.933 463.978 null] >> endobj 2104 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2110 0 obj << /Length 6781 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(469)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(devotion,)-246(the)-245(fecundity)-245(of)-244(imagination)-245(created)-245(a)-245(host)-245(of)-245(genii,)-245(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(haunting)-261(or)-262(guarding)-261(spirits,)-264(attached)-261(to)-262(every)-261(place)-261(or)-261(scene,)-264(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-279(group)-278(or)-279(corporation)-278(of)-279(men)-278(which)-278(had)-279(a)-278(place)-279(in)-278(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life.)-887(There)-463(were)-462(genii)-462(of)-463(the)-462(secret)-463(spring)-462(or)-463(grove,)-515(of)-462(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(camp,)-399(the)-369(legion,)-399(the)-370(cohort,)-399(of)-369(the)-369(Roman)-369(people,)-399(above)-369(all,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-386(was)-387(the)-386(genius)-386(of)-387(the)-386(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 167.367 3.959 Td [(2041)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.627 -3.959 Td [(Apotheosis)-386(went)-387(on)]TJ -190.994 -13.549 Td [(apace)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.83 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(apotheosis)-257(not)-257(merely)-257(of)-256(the)-257(emperors,)-259(but)-257(of)-257(a)-256(theurgic)]TJ -35.739 -13.549 Td [(philosopher)-198(like)-199(Apollonius,)-208(of)-198(a)-199(minion)-198(like)-198(Antinous,)-209(of)-198(a)-198(mere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impostor)-182(like)-182(Alexander)-182(of)-182(Abonoteichos.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.947 3.958 Td [(2042)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.918 -3.958 Td [(Old)-182(oracles,)-195(which)]TJ -199.865 -13.55 Td [(had)-205(been)-204(suppressed)-204(or)-205(decadent)-204(in)-205(the)-204(reign)-205(of)-204(Nero,)-214(sprang)-204(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fresh)-298(life)-297(and)-298(popularity)-298(in)-297(the)-298(reign)-298(of)-297(Trajan.)-393(New)-298(sources)-297(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oracular)-288(inspiration)-288(were)-288(opened,)-297(some)-288(of)-288(them)-288(challenging)-288(for)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([387])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-229(time)-229(the)-230(ancient)-229(fame)-229(of)-229(Delphi)-229(or)-229(Dodona.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 204.506 3.959 Td [(2043)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.09 -3.959 Td [(According)-229(to)]TJ -223.596 -13.549 Td [(Lucian,)-213(oracles)-203(were)-203(pealing)-203(from)-203(every)-203(rock)-203(and)-203(every)-204(altar.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2044)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Every)-329(form)-329(of)-329(revelation)-329(or)-329(divination,)-349(every)-329(avenue)-329(of)-329(access)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-325(the)-324(Divine,)-344(was)-324(eagerly)-325(sought)-324(for,)-344(or)-324(welcomed)-325(with)-324(pious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(credulity.)-550(The)-351(study)-350(of)-350(omens)-350(and)-350(dreams)-350(was)-350(reduced)-350(to)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(form)-287(of)-287(a)-287(pseudo-science)-286(by)-287(a)-287(host)-287(of)-287(writers)-287(like)-286(Artemidorus.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-359(sacred)-359(art)-359(of)-360(healing)-359(through)-359(visions)-359(of)-359(the)-359(night)-359(found)-359(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(home)-225(in)-226(those)-225(charming)-226(temples)-225(of)-225(Asclepius,)-231(which)-225(rose)-225(beside)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-158(many)-158(hallowed)-159(springs,)-176(with)-158(fair)-158(prospect)-159(and)-158(genial)-158(air,)-176(where)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-298(god)-297(revealed)-298(his)-298(remedy)-297(in)-298(dreams,)-310(and)-297(a)-298(lore)-298(half)-297(hieratic,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(half)-185(medical,)-199(was)-185(applied)-186(to)-185(relieve)-185(the)-186(sufferer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.753 3.959 Td [(2045)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.931 -3.959 Td [(Miracles)-185(and)]TJ -224.684 -13.549 Td [(special)-264(providences,)-268(the)-264(most)-264(marvellous)-264(or)-264(the)-264(most)-264(grotesque,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-355(chronicled)-355(with)-355(unquestioning)-355(faith,)-381(not)-355(only)-355(by)-355(fanatics)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(like)-235(Aelian,)-238(but)-234(by)-235(learned)-235(historians)-234(like)-235(Tacitus)-235(and)-234(Suetonius.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tales)-290(of)-290(witchcraft)-290(and)-290(weird)-290(sorcery)-290(are)-290(as)-290(eagerly)-290(believed)-290(at)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.431 Td [(2041)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-240(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.005 0 Td [(6628)-221(\050fontis\051,)-227(4922)-220(\050castrorum\051,)-227(1704)-221(\050legionis\051,)-227(1812)-221(\050Neronis\051,)]TJ -48.961 -10.959 Td [(3953)-250(\050Hadriani\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2042)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.79 0 Td [(Alex.)-298(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.915 0 Td [(c.)-298(29;)-273(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.644 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.553 0 Td [(14,)-270(\247)-266(5;)-274(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.779 0 Td [(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.525 0 Td [(c.)-298(29;)-273(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -234.162 -10.958 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.184 0 Td [(iii.)-245(pp.)-244(454-456.)-245(Thiersch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 95.38 0 Td [(Pol.)-245(u.)-244(Phil.)-245(in)-234(Verh\344ltn.)-245(zur)-234(Rel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 119.939 0 Td [(p.)-245(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -263.242 -7.311 Td [(2043)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.416 0 Td [(19;)-250(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.604 0 Td [(Sitteng.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(iii.)-250(p.)-250(470;)-250(Thiersch,)-250(p.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -122.533 -7.311 Td [(2044)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Deor.)-250(Conc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.32 0 Td [(12,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(p)-250($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.737 0 Td [(\264\267)-250(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.041 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-250(\273\257\270\277\302)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.39 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-250(\262\311\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.475 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(\307\301\267\303\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.551 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.061 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -271.572 -7.394 Td [(2045)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sitteng.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(iii.)-250(pp)-250(474-478;)-250(Wolff,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 83.683 0 Td [(De)-250(Nov.)-250(Orac.)-250(Aetate)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 77.443 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(29)-250(sq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2109 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2110 0 R /Resources 2108 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2112 0 R >> endobj 2111 0 obj << /D [2109 0 R /XYZ 85.651 369.134 null] >> endobj 2108 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2115 0 obj << /Length 5903 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(470)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.48 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-337(dinner-table)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.634 3.959 Td [(2046)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.115 -3.959 Td [(as)-337(in)-337(lonely)-337(villages)-337(of)-337(Thessaly.)]TJ -132.862 -13.549 Td [(On)-302(the)-302(higher)-302(level)-303(of)-302(the)-302(new)-302(Pythagorean)-302(faith,)-315(everything)-302(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possible)-194(to)-194(the)-194(pure)-194(spirit.)-231(To)-194(such)-194(a)-194(soul)-194(God)-194(will)-194(reveal)-194(Himself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-354(many)-355(voices)-354(to)-355(which)-354(gross)-354(human)-355(clay)-354(is)-354(deaf;)-407(the)-354(future)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lays)-192(bare)-192(its)-192(secrets;)-212(nature)-192(yields)-192(up)-192(her)-192(hidden)-192(powers.)-230(Spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(detachment)-257(triumphs)-257(over)-258(matter)-257(and)-257(time;)-261(and)-257(the)-257(Pythagorean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apostle)-222(predicts)-221(a)-222(plague)-222(at)-222(Ephesus,)-227(casts)-222(out)-221(demons,)-228(raises)-221(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dead,)-217(vanishes)-209(like)-209(a)-209(phantom)-208(from)-209(the)-209(clutches)-209(of)-209(Domitian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2047)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -252.236 -18.427 Td [(At)-580(a)-580(superficial)-580(glance,)-663(a)-580(state)-580(of)-580(religion)-580(such)-580(as)-580(has)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(been)-526(sketched)-525(might)-526(seem)-525(to)-525(be)-526(a)-525(mere)-526(bewildering)-525(chaos)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-224(infinitely)-224(divided)-224(spiritual)-224(interest.)-241(Men)-224(seem)-224(to)-224(have)-223(adopted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-378(mythologies)-379(of)-378(every)-378(race,)-410(and)-379(to)-378(have)-378(superadded)-378(a)-378(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mythology)-386(of)-386(positively)-386(boundless)-386(fecundity.)-658(A)-386(single)-386(votive)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tablet)-374(will)-374(contain)-375(the)-374(names)-374(of)-374(the)-375(great)-374(gods)-374(of)-374(Latium)-374(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greece,)-456(of)-414(Persia,)-455(Commagene,)-456(and)-414(Egypt,)-456(and)-414(beside)-414(them,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strange)-330(names)-330(of)-330(British)-330(or)-330(Swiss,)-350(Celtic,)-350(Spanish,)-350(or)-330(Moorish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gods,)-195(and)-181(the)-181(vaguely-designated)-182(spirits)-181(who)-181(now)-181(seemed)-181(to)-181(float)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-206(myriads)-205(around)-206(the)-206(scenes)-205(of)-206(human)-206(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 187.492 3.959 Td [(2048)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.005 -3.959 Td [(Yet,)-215(unperceived)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -279.252 0 Td [([388])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(by)-529(t)1(he)-529(ordinary)-528(devotee,)-599(amid)-528(all)-528(this)-529(confused)-528(ferment,)-598(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(certain)-445(principle)-445(of)-446(unity)-445(or)-445(comprehension)-445(was)-445(asserting)-445(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power.)-246(Although)-237(the)-237(old)-237(gods)-238(in)-237(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 173.485 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-237(piece)-237(might)-238(comically)]TJ -177.118 -13.549 Td [(complain)-488(that)-489(they)-488(were)-488(being)-488(crowded)-489(out)-488(of)-488(Olympus)-488(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithra)-307(and)-308(Anubis)-307(and)-307(their)-307(barbarous)-308(company,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.56 3.959 Td [(2049)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.947 -3.959 Td [(there)-307(was)]TJ -238.507 -13.549 Td [(really)-231(little)-230(jealousy)-231(or)-230(repulsion)-231(among)-231(the)-230(pagan)-231(cults.)-243(Ancient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ritual)-256(was)-256(losing)-255(its)-256(precision)-256(of)-256(outline;)-258(the)-256(venerable)-256(deities)-255(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(classical)-306(myth)-306(were)-307(putting)-306(off)-306(the)-306(decided)-306(individuality)-306(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-336(so)-336(long)-337(distinguished)-336(them)-336(in)-336(the)-336(popular)-337(imagination.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2050)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.202 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.39 Td [(2046)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(61,)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.311 Td [(2047)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(v.)-250(12;)-250(iv.)-250(5;)-250(iv.)-250(10;)-250(vii.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.41 -7.31 Td [(2048)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.314 0 Td [(xii.)-383(3070,)-305(4316;)-316(viii.)-383(9195;)-316(viii.)-383(4578,)-305(Jovi,)-305(Junoni,)-305(Minervae,)-305(Soli)]TJ -35.27 -10.959 Td [(Mithrae,)-289(Herculi,)-290(Marti,)-289(Genio)-281(loci,)-290(Diis,)-289(Deabusque)-281(omnibus;)-297(cf.)-345(viii.)-344(4578;)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(vi.)-250(504.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2049)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Jup.)-250(Trag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.353 0 Td [(8,)-250(9;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.184 0 Td [(Deor.)-250(Conc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.32 0 Td [(8)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -136.978 -7.394 Td [(2050)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.576 0 Td [(Apoll.)-383(T.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.968 0 Td [(vi.)-383(40;)-316(Baumgart,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.286 0 Td [(Aristides)-294(als)-294(Repr\344sentant)-295(der)-294(Soph.)]TJ -147.785 -10.959 Td [(Rhet.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(pp.)-250(62,)-250(84;)-250(cf.)-250(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.466 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(5;)-250(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.509 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(i.)-250(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2114 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2115 0 R /Resources 2113 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2112 0 R >> endobj 2116 0 obj << /D [2114 0 R /XYZ 320.86 286.921 null] >> endobj 2113 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2119 0 obj << /Length 5180 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(471)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(The)-322(provinces)-321(and)-322(attributes)-321(of)-322(kindred)-322(deities)-321(melted)-322(into)-321(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-374(and)-373(were)-374(finally)-373(identified;)-435(syncretism)-374(was)-373(in)-374(the)-373(air.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Without)-510(the)-509(unifying)-510(aid)-510(of)-509(philosophy,)-575(ordinary)-510(piety)-509(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effecting)-366(unconsciously)-366(a)-366(vast)-366(process)-366(of)-366(simplification)-365(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tended)-511(to)-510(ideal)-511(unity.)-1032(In)-510(the)-511(Sacred)-510(Orations)-511(of)-510(Aristides,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Poseidon,)-290(Athene,)-290(Serapis,)-290(Asclepius,)-290(are)-282(dropping)-282(the)-282(peculiar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powers)-303(by)-304(which)-303(they)-304(were)-303(so)-303(long)-304(known,)-316(and)-304(rising,)-316(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-342(danger)-341(of)-342(collision,)-364(to)-342(all-embracing)-341(sway.)-525(So,)-364(the)-342(Isis)-341(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apuleius,)-194(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.524 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(goddess)-180(of)-179(myriad)-180(names,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.62 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.804 0 Td [(in)-180(her)-179(vision)-180(to)-180(Lucius,)]TJ -182.792 -13.55 Td [(boldly)-330(claims)-330(to)-330(be)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.547 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Queen)-330(of)-330(the)-330(world)-329(of)-330(shades,)-350(first)-330(of)-330(the)]TJ -94.391 -13.549 Td [(inhabitants)-323(of)-322(Heaven,)-341(in)-323(whom)-322(all)-323(gods)-322(find)-323(their)-322(unchanging)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(type.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.513 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2051)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.61 -3.959 Td [(Of)-291(course,)-301(to)-291(the)-290(very)-291(end,)-301(the)-291(common)-291(superstitious)]TJ -45.967 -13.549 Td [(devotion)-195(of)-195(the)-195(masses)-195(was)-195(probably)-195(little)-195(influenced)-195(by)-195(the)-195(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-388(movement)-387(which,)-423(in)-387(the)-388(higher)-388(strata,)-422(was)-387(moulding)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(heathen)-151(faith)-150(into)-151(an)-151(approach)-150(to)-151(monotheism.)-217(The)-151(simple)-150(peasant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(still)-302(clung)-302(to)-302(his)-301(favourite)-302(deity,)-315(as)-302(his)-302(Catholic)-302(descendant)-301(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to-day)-430(his)-429(favourite)-430(saint.)-789(But)-430(it)-429(is)-430(in)-430(the)-429(higher)-430(minds)-429(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-408(onward)-409(sweep)-408(of)-408(great)-408(spiritual)-409(movements)-408(can)-408(really)-408(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discerned.)-644(The)-381(initiation)-381(of)-381(Apuleius)-382(in)-381(all)-381(the)-381(mysteries,)-414(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reverent)-228(visits)-229(of)-228(Apollonius)-229(to)-228(every)-229(temple)-228(and)-229(oracle)-228(from)-228(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ganges)-263(to)-262(the)-263(Guadalquivir,)-266(the)-263(matins)-262(of)-263(Alexander)-263(Severus)-262(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-294(chapel)-294(which)-295(enshrined)-294(the)-294(images)-294(of)-294(Abraham)-294(and)-294(Orpheus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(Apollonius)-249(and)-250(Christ;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 111.209 3.959 Td [(2052)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.164 -3.959 Td [(these,)-250(and)-249(many)-250(other)-250(instances)-250(of)]TJ -130.373 -13.549 Td [(all-embracing)-181(devotion,)-195(point)-181(forward)-181(to)-181(the)-181(goal)-181(of)-181(that)-181(Platonist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(th\351odic\351e)-250(which)-250(it)-250(is)-250(the)-250(purpose)-250(of)-250(this)-250(chapter)-250(to)-250(expound.)]TJ 11.956 -13.785 Td [(The)-250(spectacle)-249(of)-250(an)-250(immense)-249(efflorescence)-250(of)-250(pure)-249(paganism,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(most)-276(of)-275(it)-276(born)-275(of)-276(very)-275(mundane)-276(fears)-275(and)-276(hopes)-275(and)-276(desires,)-281(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([389])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(men)-207(like)-206(Lucian)-207(was)-207(a)-207(sight)-206(which)-207(might,)-215(according)-207(to)-207(the)-206(mood,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(move)-387(to)-387(tears)-387(or)-387(laughter.)-661(But)-387(the)-387(same)-387(great)-387(impulse)-387(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drove)-268(the)-269(multitude)-268(into)-268(such)-269(wild)-268(curiosity)-268(of)-269(superstition,)-272(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(awaking)-281(loftier)-281(conceptions)-281(of)-280(the)-281(Divine,)-289(and)-281(feelings)-281(of)-280(purer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devotion)-326(in)-326(the)-327(educated.)-478(And)-327(sometimes)-326(the)-326(very)-326(highest)-326(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 88.05 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.154 Td [(2051)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(cc.)-250(3-6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.537 -7.394 Td [(2052)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(Alex.)-250(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.345 0 Td [(c.)-250(29.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2118 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2119 0 R /Resources 2117 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2112 0 R >> endobj 2120 0 obj << /D [2118 0 R /XYZ 46.771 165.661 null] >> endobj 2117 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2123 0 obj << /Length 5666 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(472)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-383(very)-382(lowest)-383(developments)-382(of)-383(the)-382(protean)-383(religious)-382(instinct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-214(be)-214(seen)-214(in)-213(a)-214(single)-214(mind.)-238(Was)-214(there)-214(ever)-214(such)-214(a)-213(combination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-302(the)-302(sensualist)-302(imagination)-302(with)-302(the)-302(ideal)-302(of)-302(ascetic)-302(purity,)-314(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-412(terrors)-411(and)-412(dark)-412(arts)-411(of)-412(anile)-412(superstition)-411(with)-412(the)-411(mystic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vision)-369(of)-370(God,)-399(as)-369(in)-369(the)-369(soul)-370(of)-369(Apuleius?)-608(The)-369(painter)-369(of)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foulest)-328(scenes)-328(in)-328(ancient)-328(literature)-328(seems)-328(to)-328(have)-328(cherished)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faith)-295(in)-295(a)-295(heavenly)-295(King,)-306(First)-295(Cause)-295(of)-295(all)-294(nature,)-307(Father)-295(of)-294(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(living)-387(things,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.084 3.959 Td [(2053)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.034 -3.959 Td [(Saviour)-387(of)-387(spirits,)-421(beyond)-387(the)-387(range)-387(of)-387(time)]TJ -80.118 -13.549 Td [(and)-230(change,)-234(remote,)-234(ineffable.)-243(The)-230(prayer)-230(of)-230(thanksgiving)-230(to)-230(Isis)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(might,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 30.582 0 Td [(mutatis)-212(mutandis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 74.44 0 Td [(,)-219(be)-212(almost)-212(offered)-211(in)-212(a)-212(Christian)-211(church.)]TJ -105.022 -13.549 Td [(The)-349(conception)-349(of)-349(the)-349(unity)-349(and)-349(purity)-349(of)-349(the)-349(Divine)-349(One)-349(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-343(priceless)-343(conquest)-343(of)-343(Greek)-342(philosophy,)-367(and)-342(pre-eminently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-312(Plato.)-435(It)-312(had)-312(been)-312(brought)-312(home)-311(to)-312(the)-312(Roman)-312(world)-312(by)-311(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(teaching)-259(of)-259(Stoicism.)-276(But)-259(there)-259(is)-258(a)-259(new)-259(note)-259(in)-259(the)-258(monotheism)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-252(the)-253(first)-252(and)-253(second)-252(centuries)-253(of)-252(the)-253(Empire.)-257(God)-253(is)-252(no)-252(longer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-383(mere)-383(intellectual)-383(postulate,)-416(the)-383(necessary)-383(crown)-383(and)-383(lord)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-338(great)-338(cosmic)-337(system.)-514(He)-338(has)-338(become)-337(a)-338(moral)-338(necessity.)-513(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-357(is)-356(demanded)-357(by)-357(the)-356(heart)-357(as)-357(well)-356(as)-357(by)-357(the)-356(intellect.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Men)-307(craved)-308(no)-307(longer)-307(for)-307(a)-308(God)-307(to)-307(explain)-307(the)-308(universe,)-321(but)-307(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(resolve)-269(the)-270(enigma)-269(of)-269(their)-270(own)-269(lives;)-279(not)-270(a)-269(blind)-269(force,)-274(moving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-319(majestically)-318(and)-319(mercilessly)-319(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 154.948 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(some)-319(far-off)-318(event,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 84.801 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.32 0 Td [(but)-319(an)]TJ -252.913 -13.549 Td [(Infinite)-466(Father)-466(guiding)-467(in)-466(wisdom,)-520(cherishing)-466(in)-466(mercy,)-520(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(finally)-266(receiving)-265(His)-266(children)-265(to)-266(Himself.)-297(This)-265(is)-266(the)-265(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-240(God)-240(which,)-242(from)-240(Seneca)-240(to)-240(M.)-240(Aurelius,)-242(is)-240(mastering)-240(the)-240(best)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minds,)-413(both)-380(Stoic)-380(and)-380(Platonist.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.845 3.958 Td [(2054)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.427 -3.958 Td [(Seneca,)-413(as)-380(we)-380(have)-380(seen)]TJ -168.272 -13.55 Td [(in)-321(a)-321(former)-321(chapter,)-339(often)-321(speaks)-321(in)-321(the)-321(hard)-321(tones)-321(of)-320(the)-321(older)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Stoicism.)-618(Sometimes)-373(God,)-403(Nature,)-403(Fate,)-404(Jupiter,)-403(are)-372(identical)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([390])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 153.804 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 146.908 Td [(2053)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.293 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.053 0 Td [(c.)-236(64)-209(\050536\051,)-217(totius)-209(naturae)-209(causa)-209(et)-209(ratio,)-217(summus)-209(animi)-209(genitor,)]TJ -55.302 -10.959 Td [(aeternus)-333(animantum)-333(sospitator)-334(...)-499(neque)-333(tempore)-333(neque)-334(loco)-333(neque)-333(vice)-333(ulla)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(comprehensus,)-401(nemini)-370(effabilis;)-431(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 135.787 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.506 0 Td [(xi.)-611(c.)-612(25;)-430(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.475 0 Td [(Hist.)-611(des)-371(Id\351es)]TJ -223.768 -10.959 Td [(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(264.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -32.624 -7.394 Td [(2054)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Thiersch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.836 0 Td [(Pol.)-1048(u.)-1047(Phil.)-1048(in)-515(ihrem)-516(Verh\344ltn.)-1048(zur)-516(Rel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 181.852 0 Td [(p.)-1047(21,)-583(man)]TJ -232.644 -10.959 Td [(nennt)-428(den)-428(Marcus)-428(einen)-428(Stoiker....)-785(Aber)-428(seine)-428(Dogmatik)-428(und)-428(seine)-428(ganze)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Seelenbestimmung)-486(geh\366rt)-485(schon)-486(weit)-485(mehr)-486(dem)-486(Neoplatonismus)-485(an.)-957(Cf.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Bussell,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.89 0 Td [(School)-250(of)-250(Plato)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.295 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(278-290.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2122 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2123 0 R /Resources 2121 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2112 0 R >> endobj 2124 0 obj << /D [2122 0 R /XYZ 193.76 165.896 null] >> endobj 2121 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2127 0 obj << /Length 5859 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(473)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(terms)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.24 3.959 Td [(2055)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.439 -3.959 Td [(.)-997(But)-499(the)-499(cold,)-561(materialistic)-499(conception)-499(of)-500(God)-499(is)]TJ -40.679 -13.549 Td [(irreconcilable)-209(with)-209(many)-209(passages)-209(in)-209(his)-209(writings.)-236(Like)-209(Epictetus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-354(M.)-354(Aurelius,)-380(Seneca)-353(is)-354(often)-354(far)-354(more)-354(emotional,)-380(we)-353(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(say,)-229(far)-223(more)-223(modern,)-228(than)-223(his)-223(professed)-223(creed.)-241(The)-223(materialistic)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(Anima)-425(Mundi)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 61.602 0 Td [(,)-469(interfused)-424(with)-425(the)-425(universe)-425(and)-425(the)-425(nature)-425(of)]TJ -61.602 -13.549 Td [(man,)-484(becomes)-437(the)-437(infinitely)-437(benign)-438(Creator,)-484(Providence,)-483(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Guardian,)-359(the)-336(Father,)-359(and)-337(almost)-337(the)-337(Friend)-336(of)-337(men.)-511(He)-337(is)-336(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Author)-256(of)-256(all)-256(good,)-258(never)-256(of)-256(evil:)-262(He)-256(is)-257(gentle)-256(and)-256(pitiful,)-257(and)-256(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attribute)-251(to)-250(Him)-251(storm)-251(or)-250(pestilence)-251(or)-251(earthquake)-250(or)-251(the)-250(various)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(plagues)-209(of)-209(human)-209(life)-208(is)-209(an)-209(impiety.)-236(These)-209(things)-209(are)-209(the)-209(result)-208(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-297(law.)-393(To)-297(such)-298(a)-297(God)-297(boundless)-298(gratitude)-297(is)-298(due)-297(for)-297(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(goodness,)-359(resignation)-337(in)-336(the)-337(wise)-337(chastenings)-337(of)-337(His)-337(hand.)-510(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chastises)-337(whom)-337(he)-337(loves.)-511(In)-337(bereavement,)-359(He)-337(takes)-337(only)-337(what)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-322(has)-321(given.)-464(He)-322(is)-321(our)-322(ready)-321(helper)-322(in)-321(every)-322(moral)-321(effort;)-357(no)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(goodness)-331(is)-332(possible)-331(without)-332(His)-331(succour.)-494(In)-331(return)-332(for)-331(all)-331(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(benefits,)-383(He)-356(asks)-357(for)-356(no)-357(costly)-356(material)-357(offerings,)-383(no)-356(blood)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(victims,)-389(no)-362(steaming)-361(incense,)-389(no)-362(adulation)-361(in)-362(prayer.)-584(Faith)-361(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-306(is)-306(the)-305(true)-306(worship)-306(of)-306(Him.)-417(If)-306(you)-306(wish)-306(to)-306(propitiate)-305(Him,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imitate)-241(His)-242(goodness.)-247(And)-242(for)-241(the)-241(elect)-242(soul)-241(the)-242(day)-241(of)-242(death)-241(is)-241(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(birthday)-264(of)-264(eternity,)-268(when)-264(the)-265(load)-264(of)-264(corporeal)-264(things)-264(is)-264(shaken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(off,)-369(and)-346(the)-345(infinite)-345(splendour)-346(of)-345(the)-345(immortal)-346(life)-345(spreads)-345(out)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(no)-250(troubling)-250(shadow.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.546 3.959 Td [(2056)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -102.59 -19.963 Td [(Hardly)-397(less)-398(striking)-397(is)-397(the)-397(warmth)-398(of)-397(devout)-397(feeling)-397(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(suffuses)-283(the)-284(moral)-283(teaching)-284(of)-283(Epictetus)-283(and)-284(M.)-283(Aurelius.)-350(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-390(not)-389(indeed)-390(abandoned)-389(the)-390(ol)1(d)-390(Stoic)-389(principle)-390(that)-389(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(final)-209(good)-209(depends)-208(on)-209(the)-209(rectitude)-209(of)-208(the)-209(will.)-236(But)-209(the)-209(Stoic)-208(sage)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-297(no)-296(longer)-297(a)-296(solitary)-297(athlete,)-308(conquering)-297(by)-296(his)-297(proud)-296(unaided)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strength,)-600(and)-529(in)-530(his)-529(victory)-530(rising)-530(almost)-529(superior)-530(to)-529(Zeus.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Growing)-458(moral)-457(experience)-458(had)-458(taught)-457(humility,)-510(and)-457(inspired)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-356(sense)-357(of)-356(dependence)-356(on)-356(a)-356(Higher)-357(Power)-356(in)-356(sympathy)-356(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.968 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.072 Td [(2055)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.123 0 Td [(iv.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -63.75 -7.394 Td [(2056)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.331 0 Td [(Phil.)-367(der)-289(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.752 0 Td [(iii.)-367(1,)-299(p.)-366(649.)-367(Cf.)-367(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.883 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.794 0 Td [(10,)-299(\247)-289(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.701 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.794 0 Td [(73,)-299(\247)-289(16;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -248.211 -10.959 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.321 0 Td [(41,)-239(\247)-236(2;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.32 0 Td [(63,)-239(\247)-236(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.32 0 Td [(83,)-239(\247)-236(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.32 0 Td [(95,)-239(\247)-236(50;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.567 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.32 0 Td [(102,)-239(\247)-236(28,)-239(nulla)-236(serenum)]TJ -192.419 -10.959 Td [(umbra)-250(turbabit;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.779 0 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.61 0 Td [(iv.)-250(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.677 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(27;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.652 0 Td [(De)-250(Clem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(i.)-250(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.193 0 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(1.)-250(29.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2126 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2127 0 R /Resources 2125 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2112 0 R >> endobj 2125 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2130 0 obj << /Length 6397 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(474)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.513 3.959 Td [(2057)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.984 -3.959 Td [(No)-306(true)-305(Stoic,)-320(of)-305(course,)-320(could)-305(ever)-306(forget)-305(the)-306(Divine)]TJ -42.497 -13.549 Td [(element)-245(within)-245(each)-245(human)-244(soul)-245(which)-245(linked)-245(it)-245(with)-245(the)-244(cosmic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soul,)-288(and)-280(through)-281(which)-280(man)-280(might)-281(bring)-280(himself)-280(into)-280(harmony)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-228(the)-228(great)-228(polity)-228(of)-228(gods)-228(and)-228(men.)-243(But,)-232(somehow,)-232(the)-228(Divine)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([391])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(Power)-253(immanent)-253(in)-253(the)-253(world,)-254(from)-253(a)-253(dim,)-254(cold,)-253(impalpable)-253(law)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-238(fate)-237(or)-238(impersonal)-238(force,)-240(slowly)-238(rounds)-238(itself)-237(off)-238(into)-238(a)-237(Being,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-326(not)-326(apart)-326(from)-326(man,)-346(at)-326(any)-326(rate)-326(his)-326(superior,)-345(his)-326(Creator)-326(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Guardian,)-319(nay,)-318(in)-305(the)-305(end,)-319(his)-305(Father,)-318(from)-305(whom)-305(he)-305(comes,)-318(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whom)-194(he)-194(returns)-194(at)-194(death.)-232(Some)-194(may)-194(think)-194(this)-194(a)-194(decline)-194(from)-194(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lofty)-175(plane)-175(of)-174(the)-175(older)-175(school.)-225(The)-175(answer)-174(is)-175(that)-175(the)-175(earlier)-174(effort)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-158(find)-158(salvation)-158(through)-158(pure)-158(reason)-158(in)-158(obedience)-158(to)-158(the)-158(law)-158(of)-157(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whole,)-195(although)-181(it)-181(may)-182(have)-181(been)-181(magnificent,)-195(was)-181(not)-181(a)-181(working)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-327(for)-327(man)-326(as)-327(he)-327(is)-327(constituted.)-480(The)-327(eternal)-327(involution)-326(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-396(and)-396(matter)-396(in)-396(the)-396(old)-396(Stoic)-396(creed,)-432(the)-396(cold,)-432(impersonal,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(unknowable)-258(power,)-260(which,)-260(under)-258(whatever)-258(name,)-260(Law,)-260(Reason,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Fate,)-278(Necessity,)-279(permeates)-272(the)-273(universe,)-278(necessarily)-273(exclude)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(idea)-311(of)-310(design,)-326(of)-311(providence,)-326(of)-310(moral)-311(care)-311(for)-310(humanity.)-432(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknown)-251(Power)-250(which)-251(claims)-251(an)-250(absolute)-251(obedience,)-251(has)-251(no)-250(aid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-267(recognition)-266(for)-267(his)-266(worshipper.)-300(The)-266(monism)-267(of)-266(the)-267(old)-266(Stoics)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(breaks)-359(down.)-577(The)-360(human)-359(spirit,)-386(in)-359(striving)-359(to)-359(realise)-359(its)-359(unity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-287(the)-286(Universal)-286(Spirit,)-296(realises)-287(with)-286(more)-286(and)-287(more)-286(intensity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-371(perpetual)-370(opposition)-371(of)-371(matter)-370(and)-371(spirit,)-401(while)-371(it)-370(receives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-295(aid)-295(in)-295(the)-294(conflict)-295(from)-295(the)-295(power)-295(which)-295(ordains)-294(it;)-318(it)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 253.968 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(finds)]TJ -258.812 -13.549 Td [(itself)-285(alone)-286(in)-285(an)-285(alien)-285(world.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 129.179 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.956 0 Td [(The)-285(true)-286(Stoic)-285(has)-285(no)-285(real)-286(object)]TJ -137.135 -13.55 Td [(of)-285(worship.)-354(If)-285(he)-284(addresses)-285(the)-285(impassive)-285(centre)-284(and)-285(soul)-285(of)-284(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universe,)-248(sometimes)-247(in)-247(the)-247(rapturous)-247(tones)-247(of)-248(loving)-247(devotion,)-247(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-198(only)-198(a)-199(pathetic)-198(illusion)-198(born)-198(of)-199(the)-198(faiths)-198(of)-198(the)-199(past,)-208(or)-198(inspired)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-324(a)-324(dim)-323(forecast)-324(of)-324(the)-324(faiths)-324(of)-324(the)-323(coming)-324(time.)-472(How)-323(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-319(complex)-319(of)-319(blind)-318(forces)-319(arouse)-319(any)-319(devotion?)-457(It)-318(demanded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(implicit)-306(submission)-306(and)-306(self-sacrifice,)-320(but)-306(it)-306(gave)-306(no)-306(help,)-320(save)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-374(name)-373(of)-374(a)-373(Divine)-374(element)-374(in)-373(the)-374(human)-373(soul;)-436(it)-373(furnished)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 98.765 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 91.869 Td [(2057)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-431(i.)-431(9,)-325(\247)-310(7,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 60.181 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.247 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.549 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-310(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.569 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-310(\300\277\271\267\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.789 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.329 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\265\271\275)-310(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.368 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.418 0 Td [(\300\261\304\255\301\261)-310(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.101 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.418 0 Td [(\272\267\264\265\274\314\275\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.974 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272\255\304\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.889 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.717 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\276\261\271\301\256\303\265\304\261\271)-341(\273\305\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.651 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-341(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.885 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.696 0 Td [(\306\314\262\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.473 0 Td [(:)-432(cf.)-524(i.)-524(3,)-364(\247)-341(3;)-387(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.101 0 Td [(Hist.)-524(des)]TJ -246.795 -10.959 Td [(Id\351es)-250(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.046 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(241.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2129 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2130 0 R /Resources 2128 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2112 0 R >> endobj 2131 0 obj << /D [2129 0 R /XYZ 195.063 477.528 null] >> endobj 2128 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2134 0 obj << /Length 5593 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(475)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(no)-448(inspiring)-447(example)-448(to)-448(the)-447(sage)-448(in)-448(the)-447(conflicts)-448(of)-447(passion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-265(obloquy,)-268(obstruction,)-269(and)-264(persecution.)-294(Meanwhile,)-269(in)-264(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forlorn)-436(struggle,)-483(the)-436(human)-436(character)-436(was)-436(through)-436(stress)-436(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(storm)-329(developing)-329(new)-328(powers)-329(and)-329(virtues,)-348(lofty)-329(courage)-329(in)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(face)-256(of)-256(lawless)-256(power,)-258(pious)-256(resignation)-256(to)-256(the)-256(blows)-256(of)-256(fortune,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gentle)-285(consideration)-285(and)-285(mercy)-284(even)-285(for)-285(slaves)-285(and)-285(the)-284(outcasts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(society,)-344(ideals)-324(of)-324(purity)-325(unknown)-324(to)-325(the)-324(ancient)-325(world)-324(in)-324(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prime.)-471(The)-324(sage)-324(might,)-342(according)-324(to)-324(orthodox)-324(theory,)-342(rest)-324(in)-323(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(placid)-347(content)-346(of)-347(rounded)-346(perfection.)-539(But)-347(human)-346(nature)-347(is)-346(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(so)-387(constituted.)-660(In)-387(proportion)-387(to)-386(spiritual)-387(progress)-387(is)-387(the)-386(force)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-377(spiritual)-378(longings;)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 98.507 0 Td [(beati)-377(mundo)-378(corde,)-409(ipsi)-377(Deum)-378(videbunt)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 179.396 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 13.121 0 Td [([392])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(The)-319(fruitful)-318(part)-319(of)-319(Stoicism)-318(as)-319(a)-319(religion)-318(was)-319(the)-319(doctrine)-318(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-422(human)-423(reason)-422(is)-423(a)-422(part)-422(of)-423(the)-422(soul)-423(of)-422(the)-422(world,)-466(a)-422(spark)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-438(the)-439(Divine)-438(mind.)-815(At)-438(first)-439(this)-438(was)-438(only)-439(conceived)-438(in)-438(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fashion)-361(of)-361(a)-361(materialistic)-361(pantheism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 163.311 3.959 Td [(2058)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.801 -3.959 Td [(The)-361(kindred)-361(between)]TJ -186.112 -13.549 Td [(the)-202(individual)-203(and)-202(the)-203(general)-202(soul)-203(was)-202(little)-203(more)-202(than)-203(a)-202(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrine.)-554(But)-352(it)-351(developed)-351(in)-352(minds)-351(like)-352(Epictetus)-351(and)-351(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-415(profound)-414(spiritual)-415(meaning;)-497(it)-414(tapped)-415(the)-415(source)-414(of)-415(all)-414(real)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion.)-271(Pure)-257(reason)-257(can)-257(never)-257(solve)-257(the)-257(religious)-257(problem.)-270(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(history)-303(of)-304(religions)-303(shows)-304(that)-303(a)-303(conception)-304(of)-303(God)-304(which)-303(is)-303(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(act)-328(effectually)-328(on)-328(composite)-329(human)-328(nature)-328(is)-328(never)-328(reached)-328(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-337(speculative)-336(intellect.)-510(What)-336(reason)-337(cannot)-337(do)-336(is)-337(effected)-336(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.149 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(sub-conscious)-258(self,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.109 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2059)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.257 -3.959 Td [(which)-258(is)-259(the)-258(dim)-258(seat)-259(of)-258(the)-259(deeper)]TJ -128.202 -13.549 Td [(intuitions,)-385(haunted)-358(by)-359(vague)-358(memories,)-385(hereditary)-358(pieties,)-385(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(emotional)-368(associations,)-398(the)-368(spring)-369(of)-368(strange)-368(genius,)-398(of)-368(heroic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sacrifice,)-461(of)-419(infinite)-418(aspiration.)-756(There)-419(throbs)-419(the)-419(tide)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 249.124 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(which)]TJ -253.967 -13.549 Td [(drew)-326(from)-327(out)-326(the)-326(boundless)-327(deep.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.045 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.404 0 Td [(Thus)-326(the)-327(Stoic)-326(of)-326(the)-327(later)]TJ -163.449 -13.549 Td [(time)-359(became)-359(a)-359(mystic,)-387(in)-359(the)-359(sense)-359(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 182.826 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(by)-359(love)-359(and)-359(emotion)]TJ -187.67 -13.549 Td [(he)-437(solved)-436(the)-437(dualism)-437(of)-436(the)-437(world.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.841 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2060)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.203 -3.959 Td [(God)-437(is)-436(no)-437(longer)-437(a)]TJ -191.887 -13.549 Td [(mere)-300(physical)-301(law)-300(or)-301(force,)-313(however)-300(subtilised,)-313(sweeping)-301(on)-300(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pitiless)-371(impetus)-372(or)-371(monotony)-372(of)-371(cyclic)-372(change.)-614(God)-372(is)-371(within)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.17 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.274 Td [(2058)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(pp.)-250(179,)-250(184.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.596 -7.394 Td [(2059)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(James,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.397 0 Td [(Varieties)-250(of)-250(Religious)-250(Belief)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 100.871 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(511,)-250(512.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -141.963 -7.311 Td [(2060)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Bussell,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.889 0 Td [(School)-250(of)-250(Plato)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.295 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(296.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2133 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2134 0 R /Resources 2132 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2136 0 R >> endobj 2135 0 obj << /D [2133 0 R /XYZ 171.213 382.683 null] >> endobj 2132 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2139 0 obj << /Length 5846 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(476)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-265(human)-265(soul,)-269(not)-264(as)-265(a)-265(spark)-265(of)-265(empyreal)-265(fire,)-269(but)-265(as)-265(the)-264(voice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-401(conscience,)-439(the)-401(spiritual)-401(monitor)-401(and)-401(comforter,)-439(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 253.968 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Holy)]TJ -258.812 -13.549 Td [(Spirit,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.978 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2061)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.302 -3.959 Td [(prompting,)-495(guarding,)-495(consoling)-445(in)-446(life)-446(and)-446(death.)]TJ -53.124 -13.549 Td [(God)-384(is)-385(no)-384(longer)-384(found)-385(so)-384(much)-384(in)-385(the)-384(ordered)-384(movement)-384(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-284(spheres)-285(and)-284(the)-284(recurring)-284(processes)-284(or)-285(the)-284(cataclysms)-284(of)-284(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(material)-295(universe.)-387(He)-295(is)-295(heard)-296(in)-295(the)-296(still)-295(small)-295(voice.)-387(It)-295(is)-295(thus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-250(the)-250(later)-250(Stoicism)-250(melts)-250(into)-250(the)-250(revived)-250(Platonism.)]TJ 11.956 -18.159 Td [(Probably)-372(Seneca)-372(and)-372(Epictetus,)-402(had)-372(they)-372(been)-371(interrogated,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(would)-431(have)-431(loyally)-432(resolved)-431(their)-431(most)-431(rapturous)-431(and)-431(devout)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(language)-543(into)-543(the)-544(cold)-543(terms)-543(of)-543(Stoic)-544(orthodoxy.)-1129(But)-543(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emotional)-260(tone)-261(is)-260(a)-261(really)-260(new)-261(element)-260(in)-261(their)-260(teaching,)-263(and)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(language)-190(of)-190(spiritual)-191(abandonment,)-202(joyful)-190(resignation)-190(to)-190(a)-190(Higher)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Will,)-260(free)-259(and)-258(cheerful)-258(obedience)-258(to)-258(it)-259(in)-258(the)-258(confidence)-258(of)-258(love,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-340(be)-341(absurdly)-340(incongruous)-340(if)-340(addressed)-341(to)-340(an)-340(abstract)-340(law)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([393])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(or)-230(physical)-230(necessity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.184 3.959 Td [(2062)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.092 -3.959 Td [(The)-230(fatherhood)-230(of)-230(God)-230(and)-230(the)-229(kinship)]TJ -112.276 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(all)-334(men)-333(as)-334(His)-334(sons)-334(is)-334(the)-333(fundamental)-334(principle)-334(of)-334(the)-333(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(creed,)-209(binding)-199(us)-199(to)-199(do)-198(nothing)-199(unworthy)-199(of)-199(such)-199(an)-199(ancestry.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2063)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(At)-284(other)-284(times)-284(we)-284(are)-284(soldiers)-284(of)-284(God)-284(in)-284(a)-284(war)-284(with)-284(evil,)-292(bound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-329(military)-328(obedience,)-349(awaiting)-328(calmly)-329(the)-329(last)-328(signal)-329(to)-328(retreat)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-275(the)-276(scene)-275(of)-275(struggle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.745 3.959 Td [(2064)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.995 -3.959 Td [(The)-275(infinite)-276(benevolence)-275(of)-275(God)]TJ -137.74 -13.549 Td [(is)-353(asserted)-354(in)-353(the)-353(face)-353(of)-354(all)-353(appearances)-353(to)-353(the)-354(contrary.)-559(This)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-440(course)-441(is)-440(all)-441(the)-440(easier)-440(to)-441(one)-440(trained)-440(in)-441(the)-440(doctrine)-440(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-395(external)-394(fortune)-395(of)-394(life)-394(has)-395(nothing)-394(to)-395(do)-394(with)-395(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 252.097 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-395(real)]TJ -255.73 -13.549 Td [(happiness.)-777(The)-426(fear)-426(of)-425(God)-426(is)-426(banished)-426(by)-425(the)-426(sense)-426(of)-425(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfect)-323(love.)-470(The)-323(all-seeing)-323(eye,)-341(the)-323(all-embracing)-323(providence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(leave)-218(no)-219(room)-218(for)-218(care)-219(or)-218(foreboding.)-239(The)-219(Stoic)-218(optimism)-218(is)-218(now)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grounded)-212(on)-212(a)-211(personal)-212(trust)-212(in)-212(a)-211(loving)-212(and)-212(righteous)-212(will:)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 256.513 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(I)-212(am)]TJ -261.356 -13.55 Td [(Thine,)-211(do)-202(with)-201(me)-202(what)-201(Thou)-202(wilt.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 149.049 0 Td [(\035)-202(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.886 0 Td [(For)-201(all)-202(things)-202(work)-201(together)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.228 Td [(2061)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(41,)-250(\247)-250(2,)-250(sacer)-250(intra)-250(nos)-250(spiritus)-250(sedet.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.311 Td [(2062)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Yet)-321(cf.)-465(Zeller,)-339(iii.)-465(1,)-339(p.)-465(649,)-339(der)-322(g\366ttliche)-321(Beistand,)-340(welchen)-321(er)-322(verlangt,)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(ist)-287(kein)-287(\374bernat\374rlicher.)-361(Seneca)-287(had)-286(broken)-287(away)-287(unconsciously)-287(from)-287(the)-287(old)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Stoic)-250(idea)-249(of)-250(God,)-250(more)-250(than)-249(Zeller)-250(will)-250(admit,)-250(or)-249(his)-250(words)-250(have)-249(no)-250(meaning.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2063)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(95,)-250(\247\247)-250(51,)-250(52.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.311 Td [(2064)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(107,)-250(\247)-250(9;)-250(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.286 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iii.)-250(24.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2138 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2139 0 R /Resources 2137 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2136 0 R >> endobj 2140 0 obj << /D [2138 0 R /XYZ 320.781 337.426 null] >> endobj 2137 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2143 0 obj << /Length 7501 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(477)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(for)-365(good)-364(to)-365(them)-364(who)-365(love)-364(Him.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 148.399 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.821 0 Td [(The)-365(external)-364(sufferings)-365(and)]TJ -157.22 -13.549 Td [(apparent)-295(wrongs)-295(of)-295(the)-295(obedient)-295(sons)-295(of)-295(God)-295(are)-295(no)-295(stumbling-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blocks)-449(to)-448(faith.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.481 3.959 Td [(2065)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.663 -3.959 Td [(The)-449(great)-448(heroic)-449(example,)-498(Heracles,)-498(the)]TJ -95.144 -13.549 Td [(son)-409(of)-410(Zeus,)-449(was)-409(sorely)-409(tried)-410(by)-409(superhuman)-409(tasks,)-449(and)-409(won)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-392(crown)-392(of)-391(immortality)-392(through)-392(toil)-392(and)-391(battle.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 229.098 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Whom)-392(He)]TJ -233.942 -13.549 Td [(loves)-245(He)-244(chastens.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.774 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.512 0 Td [(Even)-245(apparent)-244(injustice)-245(is)-244(only)-245(an)-245(education)]TJ -88.286 -13.549 Td [(through)-387(suffering.)-660(These)-386(things)-387(are)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 166.162 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(only)-387(light)-386(afflictions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.075 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.062 0 Td [(to)]TJ -272.143 -13.549 Td [(him)-309(who)-308(sees)-309(the)-308(due)-309(proportions)-308(of)-308(things)-309(and)-308(knows)-309(Zeus)-308(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-363(father.)-591(Even)-363(to)-363(the)-364(poor,)-391(the)-364(lame,)-392(the)-363(blind,)-392(if)-363(they)-363(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-350(divine)-349(love,)-374(the)-350(universe)-349(is)-350(a)-350(great)-349(temple,)-374(full)-350(of)-349(mystery)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-299(joy,)-310(and)-299(each)-299(passing)-298(day)-299(a)-299(festival.)-396(In)-298(the)-299(common)-298(things)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-321(life,)-338(in)-321(ploughing,)-339(digging,)-338(eating,)-339(we)-321(should)-321(sing)-321(hymns)-320(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.132 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(What)-220(else)-220(can)-221(I)-220(do,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.613 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.246 0 Td [(says)-220(Epictetus,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.986 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(a)-220(lame)-220(old)-221(man,)-226(than)]TJ -190.664 -13.549 Td [(sing)-219(His)-219(praise,)-226(and)-219(exhort)-219(all)-219(men)-220(to)-219(join)-219(in)-219(the)-219(same)-220(song?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 259.347 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.958 Td [(2066)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.191 -17.508 Td [(Who)-419(shall)-418(say)-419(what)-419(depth)-418(of)-419(religious)-419(emotion,)-461(veiled)-418(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old-world)-239(phrase,)-241(there)-238(was)-239(in)-238(that)-239(outburst)-239(of)-238(M.)-239(Aurelius:)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 261.844 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(All)]TJ -266.687 -13.549 Td [(harmonises)-245(with)-245(me)-244(which)-245(is)-245(in)-245(harmony)-245(with)-245(thee,)-246(O)-244(Universe.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nothing)-312(for)-313(me)-312(is)-312(too)-313(early)-312(nor)-312(too)-313(late)-312(which)-312(is)-313(in)-312(due)-312(season)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-306(thee....)-418(For)-306(thee)-306(are)-306(all)-306(things,)-320(in)-306(thee)-306(are)-306(all)-305(things,)-320(to)-306(thee)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.023 0 Td [([394])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(all)-293(things)-293(return.)-378(The)-293(poet)-293(says,)-303(Dear)-293(City)-293(of)-292(Cecrops;)-315(and)-292(wilt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-250(thou)-250(say,)-250(Dear)-250(City)-250(of)-250(Zeus?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 142.101 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2067)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -134.99 -21.045 Td [(The)-374(attitude)-375(of)-374(such)-374(souls)-375(to)-374(external)-374(worship)-375(in)-374(every)-374(age)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(may)-364(be)-364(easily)-364(divined)-364(without)-364(the)-364(evidence)-364(of)-364(their)-364(words.)-591(If)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-298(is)-298(good)-298(and)-298(wishes)-298(only)-298(the)-298(good)-298(of)-298(His)-298(creatures,)-310(then)-298(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(seek)-359(to)-359(appease)-358(His)-359(wrath)-359(and)-359(avert)-359(His)-359(capricious)-358(judgments)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(becomes)-221(an)-221(impiety.)-240(If)-221(men)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 120.44 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-221(final)-221(good)-221(lies)-221(in)-221(the)-221(moral)-221(sphere,)]TJ -124.072 -13.549 Td [(in)-229(justice,)-232(gentleness,)-233(temperance,)-233(obedience)-229(to)-228(the)-229(higher)-228(order,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-383(prayer)-383(for)-383(external)-383(goods,)-417(for)-383(mere)-383(indulgences)-383(of)-383(sense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-269(ambition,)-275(shows)-269(a)-270(hopeless)-269(misconception)-270(as)-269(to)-269(the)-270(nature)-269(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.004 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.108 Td [(2065)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.407 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.412 0 Td [(iii.)-250(20,)-248(\247)-249(11,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 45.547 0 Td [(\272\261\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.853 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-249(\263\265\257\304\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.225 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.726 0 Td [(\221)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.335 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\207)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.282 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.214 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.298 0 Td [(v)-249(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.572 0 Td [(\263\261\270\314\302\207)-249(\263\305\274\275\254\266\265\271)]TJ -221.913 -10.959 Td [(\274\277\305)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.942 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.706 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\263\275\311\274\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.926 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)-250(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.473 0 Td [(\300\271\265\271\272\255\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.752 0 Td [(:)-250(iv.)-250(1,)-250(\247)-250(89;)-250(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(vi.)-250(44.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -111.188 -7.31 Td [(2066)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)-529(i.)-530(16,)-366(\247)-343(20,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 71.943 0 Td [(\304\257)-343(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.828 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.362 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\277)-343(\264\315\275\261\274\261\271)-343(\263\255\301\311\275)-343(\307\311\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 91.936 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-343(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.5 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.713 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.832 0 Td [(t)-343(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.411 0 Td [(\274\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.145 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-343(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.478 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\270\265\314\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.252 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.888 -7.311 Td [(2067)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(iv.)-250(23.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2142 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2143 0 R /Resources 2141 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2136 0 R >> endobj 2144 0 obj << /D [2142 0 R /XYZ 297.402 274.29 null] >> endobj 2145 0 obj << /D [2142 0 R /XYZ 58.727 88.221 null] >> endobj 2141 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2148 0 obj << /Length 8469 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(478)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(God)-380(and)-379(the)-380(supreme)-379(destiny)-380(of)-379(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.789 3.959 Td [(2068)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.405 -3.959 Td [(On)-380(the)-379(other)-380(hand,)]TJ -195.194 -13.549 Td [(without)-273(giving)-272(up)-273(the)-272(doctrine)-273(that)-272(the)-273(highest)-272(good)-273(depends)-272(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-351(virtuous)-350(will,)-376(the)-350(later)-351(Stoics)-350(and)-351(Platonists)-350(have)-351(begun)-350(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feel)-212(that)-211(man)-212(needs)-211(support)-212(and)-211(inspiration)-212(in)-211(his)-212(moral)-211(struggles)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-267(a)-268(higher)-267(Power,)-272(a)-267(Power)-267(without)-268(him)-267(and)-267(beyond)-268(him,)-271(yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-256(is)-257(allied)-256(to)-256(him)-256(in)-256(nature)-257(and)-256(sympathy.)-269(Prayer)-256(is)-256(no)-256(longer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-251(means)-250(of)-251(winning)-250(temporal)-251(good)-250(things)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.969 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(for)-251(which)-250(the)-251(worthy)]TJ -188.812 -13.549 Td [(need)-318(not)-319(pray,)-335(and)-319(which)-318(the)-319(unworthy)-318(will)-319(not)-318(obtain.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 246.579 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.318 0 Td [(It)-318(is)-319(a)]TJ -254.897 -13.549 Td [(fortifying)-328(communion)-328(with)-328(the)-328(Highest,)-347(an)-328(act)-328(of)-327(thanksgiving)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-425(blessings)-425(already)-425(received,)-469(an)-425(inspiration)-425(for)-425(a)-425(fuller)-425(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diviner)-267(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.089 3.959 Td [(2069)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.726 -3.959 Td [(It)-267(is)-267(an)-267(effort)-267(of)-268(gratitude)-267(and)-267(adoration)-267(to)-267(draw)]TJ -70.815 -13.549 Td [(from)-250(the)-250(Divine)-250(source)-250(of)-250(all)-250(moral)-250(strength.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(It)-230(must)-229(always)-230(remain)-230(to)-229(moderns)-230(an)-230(enigma)-229(how)-230(souls)-229(living)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(in)-287(such)-287(a)-286(spiritual)-287(world)-287(refused)-286(to)-287(break)-287(with)-287(heathen)-286(idolatry.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Seneca,)-415(indeed,)-415(poured)-383(contempt)-382(on)-382(the)-382(grossness)-382(of)-382(myth)-382(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-354(lost)-353(treatise)-354(on)-353(superstition;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.398 3.959 Td [(2070)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.861 -3.959 Td [(and)-354(he)-353(had)-354(no)-353(liking)-354(for)-354(the)]TJ -153.259 -13.549 Td [(external)-292(rites)-292(of)-292(worship.)-377(But)-292(in)-292(some)-292(strange)-292(way)-292(M.)-292(Aurelius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reconciled)-494(punctilious)-493(devotion)-494(to)-493(the)-494(popular)-493(gods)-494(with)-493(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(austere)-212(pantheism)-211(or)-212(monotheism.)-237(It)-212(is)-211(in)-212(Platonists)-211(such)-212(as)-211(Dion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-248(Maximus)-248(of)-248(Tyre)-248(that)-248(we)-248(meet)-248(with)-248(an)-248(attempted)-248(apology)-248(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anthropomorphic)-260(symbolism)-260(of)-260(the)-260(Divine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.216 3.959 Td [(2071)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.491 -3.959 Td [(The)-260(justification)]TJ -208.707 -13.549 Td [(lies)-346(in)-346(the)-346(vast)-346(gulf)-346(which)-346(separates)-346(the)-346(remote,)-370(ineffable,)-369(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inconceivable)-327(purity)-328(of)-327(God)-327(from)-328(the)-327(feebleness)-327(and)-327(grossness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(man.)-484(Few)-327(are)-328(they)-328(who)-328(can)-328(gaze)-328(in)-328(unaided)-328(thought)-328(on)-327(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([395])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(Divine)-280(splendour)-280(unveiled.)-339(Images,)-287(rites,)-287(and)-280(sacred)-280(myth)-279(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-257(invented)-257(by)-258(the)-257(wisdom)-257(of)-257(the)-258(past,)-259(to)-257(aid)-257(the)-257(memory)-257(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-197(imagination)-198(of)-197(weak)-198(ordinary)-197(souls.)-232(The)-198(symbols)-197(have)-197(varied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-282(the)-283(endless)-282(variety)-282(of)-282(races.)-347(Animals)-283(or)-282(trees,)-290(mountain)-282(or)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.999 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.187 Td [(2068)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ix.)-250(40;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.092 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(10,)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.184 -7.311 Td [(2069)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.905 0 Td [(Apoll.)-977(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.021 0 Td [(iv.)-977(40,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.144 0 Td [(f)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\264\265)-492(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.241 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\307\277\274\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.999 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.199 0 Td [(f)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.691 0 Td [(\270\265\277\257)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.342 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.199 0 Td [(\264\277\257\265\304\255)-492(\274\277\271)-493(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.403 0 Td [(p)]TJ -275.923 -10.959 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\306\265\271\273\314\274\265\275\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.174 0 Td [(.)-522(Max.)-522(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.145 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.238 0 Td [(xi.)-522(8,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.879 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.761 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.6 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.6 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\263\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.025 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.689 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-341(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.921 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.6 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\314\306\277\305)]TJ -239.591 -10.959 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.358 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-326(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.18 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\304\267\303\271\275)-326(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.804 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-327(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.673 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-326(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.938 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.473 0 Td [(\300\261\301\314\275\304\311\275\207)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.379 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.204 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-326(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.158 0 Td [(\274\271\273\257\261\275)-327(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.301 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.563 0 Td [(\264\271\254\273\265\272\304\277\275)-326(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.508 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.972 -10.959 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-250(\270\265\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.605 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-250(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.668 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\261\301\314\275\304\311\275)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.708 0 Td [(v)-250(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.643 0 Td [(\300\257\264\265\271\276\271\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.256 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\267\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.93 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.658 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -208.813 -7.31 Td [(2070)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.694 -3.809 Td [(Frag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(preserved)-250(in)-250(S.)-250(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 75.703 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.582 0 Td [(,)-250(vi.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -155.395 -7.311 Td [(2071)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.694 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247)-250(24)-250(\050412)-250(R\051;)-250(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 102.611 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(viii.)-250(10.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2147 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2148 0 R /Resources 2146 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2136 0 R >> endobj 2149 0 obj << /D [2147 0 R /XYZ 155.359 206.544 null] >> endobj 2146 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2152 0 obj << /Length 5615 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(479)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(river,)-390(rude)-361(unhewn)-362(stones,)-390(or)-361(the)-362(miracles)-361(of)-362(Pheidias)-362(in)-361(gold)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-371(ivory,)-400(are)-371(simply)-370(the)-371(sign)-370(or)-371(picture)-370(by)-371(which)-370(the)-371(soul)-370(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pointed)-390(to)-389(the)-390(Infinite)-390(Essence)-389(which)-390(has)-390(never)-389(been)-390(seen)-389(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mortal)-382(eye)-382(or)-381(imaged)-382(in)-382(human)-382(phantasy.)-645(The)-382(symbol)-381(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(appeals)-354(to)-354(one)-355(race)-354(may)-354(be)-354(poor)-355(and)-354(contemptible)-354(in)-354(the)-354(eyes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-272(another.)-315(The)-272(animal)-272(worship)-272(of)-271(Egypt)-272(gave)-272(a)-272(shock)-272(to)-271(minds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-371(were)-371(lifted)-372(heavenwards)-371(by)-371(the)-371(winning)-371(majesty)-371(of)-371(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Virgin)-357(Goddess)-357(or)-357(of)-357(the)-357(Zeus)-357(of)-357(Olympia.)-571(The)-357(human)-356(form,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-404(the)-403(chosen)-404(tabernacle)-404(of)-403(an)-404(effluence)-404(of)-403(the)-404(Divine)-403(Spirit,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(might)-411(well)-412(seem)-411(to)-411(Dion)-412(and)-411(Maximus)-411(the)-412(noblest)-411(and)-411(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fitting)-386(symbol)-386(of)-386(religious)-386(worship.)-657(Yet,)-420(in)-386(the)-386(end,)-420(they)-385(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-356(ready)-357(to)-356(tolerate)-356(any)-357(aberration)-356(of)-356(religious)-357(fancy)-356(which)-356(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(justified)-305(by)-306(its)-305(use.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 84.238 3.959 Td [(2072)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.975 -3.959 Td [(The)-305(most)-306(perfect)-305(symbol)-305(is)-305(only)-306(a)-305(faint)]TJ -105.213 -13.549 Td [(adumbration)-438(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.782 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-438(Father)-437(and)-438(Creator)-438(of)-437(all,)-485(Who)-438(is)-437(older)]TJ -78.625 -13.55 Td [(than)-344(the)-345(sun)-344(and)-345(heavens,)-368(stronger)-344(than)-345(time)-344(and)-345(the)-344(ages)-344(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(fleeting)-289(world)-288(of)-289(change,)-299(unnamed)-288(by)-289(any)-289(lawgiver,)-298(Whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tongue)-359(cannot)-360(express)-359(nor)-360(eye)-359(see.)-579(Helpless)-359(to)-360(grasp)-359(His)-359(real)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(essence,)-271(we)-267(seek)-266(a)-267(stay)-267(in)-266(names)-267(or)-267(images,)-271(in)-266(beast)-267(or)-267(plant,)-270(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(river)-238(or)-237(mountain,)-240(in)-238(lustrous)-237(forms)-238(of)-237(gold)-238(and)-237(silver)-238(and)-237(ivory.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Whatever)-280(we)-281(have)-280(of)-281(fairest)-280(we)-281(call)-280(by)-281(His)-280(name.)-342(And)-280(for)-280(love)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-303(Him,)-315(we)-303(cling,)-316(as)-302(lovers)-303(are)-302(wont,)-316(to)-302(anything)-303(which)-302(recalls)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Him.)-441(I)-313(quarrel)-314(not)-314(with)-313(divers)-314(imagery,)-329(if)-314(we)-314(seek)-313(to)-314(know,)-329(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(love,)-211(to)-201(remember)-201(Him.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.034 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2073)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.63 -3.959 Td [(This)-201(is)-201(the)-201(outburst)-201(of)-201(a)-201(tolerant)-201(and)]TJ -126.508 -13.549 Td [(eclectic)-355(Platonism,)-382(ready)-355(to)-355(condone)-355(everything)-355(in)-355(the)-355(crudest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-387(imagery.)-660(But)-386(a)-387(more)-387(conscientious)-386(scrutiny)-387(even)-386(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Grecian)-298(legend)-299(demanded,)-310(as)-299(we)-298(shall)-299(see,)-310(a)-299(deeper)-298(solution)-298(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(account)-339(for)-339(dark)-339(rites)-340(and)-339(legends)-339(which)-339(cast)-339(a)-339(shadow)-339(on)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Infinite)-250(Purity.)]TJ 11.956 -20.778 Td [(The)-170(Stoic)-169(theology,)-186(which)-170(resolved)-170(the)-170(gods)-169(of)-170(legend)-170(into)-169(thin)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(abstractions,)-423(various)-389(potencies)-389(of)-388(the)-389(Infinite)-389(Spirit)-388(interfused)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.03 Td [(2072)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.349 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(viii.)-250(\247\247)-250(5-10;)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 81.209 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(vi.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -201.007 -7.311 Td [(2073)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-344(Tyr.)-345(viii.)-344(10,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 71.132 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.069 0 Td [(\275\265\274\265\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.196 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.8 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-281(\264\271\261\306\311\275\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.364 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.765 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\303\304\311\303\261\275)-281(\274\314\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.335 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.836 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301\254\304\311\303\261\275)]TJ -247.965 -10.959 Td [(\274\314\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.855 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\274\275\267\274\277\275\265\305\255\304\311\303\261\275)-250(\274\314\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 88.857 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2151 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2152 0 R /Resources 2150 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2136 0 R >> endobj 2150 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2155 0 obj << /Length 5732 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(480)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(with)-442(the)-442(universe,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.06 3.959 Td [(2074)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.784 -3.959 Td [(was)-442(in)-442(some)-442(respects)-442(congenial)-442(to)-442(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -176.599 0 Td [([396])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-434(mind,)-479(and)-434(reflected)-433(the)-434(spirit)-434(of)-433(old)-434(Roman)-433(religion.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(That)-233(religion)-233(of)-233(arid)-233(abstractions,)-237(to)-233(which)-233(no)-233(myth,)-236(no)-233(haunting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charm)-428(of)-429(poetic)-428(imagination)-428(attached,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.898 3.958 Td [(2075)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.597 -3.958 Td [(easily)-428(lent)-428(itself)-429(to)]TJ -194.495 -13.55 Td [(a)-513(system)-513(which)-513(explained)-513(the)-513(gods)-513(by)-513(allegory)-513(or)-512(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rationalism.)-517(That)-339(was)-339(not)-339(an)-339(eirenicon)-339(for)-339(the)-339(second)-339(century,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-283(least)-282(among)-282(thoughtful,)-291(pious)-283(men.)-347(The)-282(philosophic)-283(effort)-282(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-290(many)-289(centuries)-290(had)-290(ended)-289(in)-290(an)-290(eclecticism)-289(for)-290(purely)-289(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(culture,)-248(and)-248(a)-248(profound)-248(scepticism)-247(as)-248(to)-248(the)-248(attainment)-248(of)-247(higher)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(truth)-469(by)-469(unaided)-469(reason.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.607 3.959 Td [(2076)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.336 -3.959 Td [(Mere)-469(intellectual)-469(curiosity,)-524(the)]TJ -138.943 -13.549 Td [(desire)-300(of)-300(knowledge)-300(for)-300(its)-300(own)-300(sake,)-312(and)-300(the)-300(hope)-300(of)-300(attaining)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it,)-455(are)-415(strangely)-414(absent)-415(from)-414(the)-414(loftiest)-415(minds,)-455(from)-414(Seneca,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Epictetus,)-458(and)-416(M.)-417(Aurelius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 125.888 3.959 Td [(2077)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.611 -3.959 Td [(Men)-416(like)-417(Lucian,)-458(sometimes)]TJ -150.499 -13.549 Td [(in)-373(half)-373(melancholy,)-404(half)-373(scornful)-373(derision,)-403(amused)-373(themselves)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-272(ridiculing)-272(the)-272(chaotic)-272(results)-272(of)-272(the)-272(intellectual)-272(ambition)-272(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-280(past.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.691 3.959 Td [(2078)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.158 -3.959 Td [(They)-280(equally)-281(recognised)-280(the)-280(immense)-281(force)-280(of)-280(that)]TJ -56.849 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-230(movement)-230(which)-231(was)-230(trying)-230(every)-230(avenue)-230(of)-230(accredited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-240(system)-240(or)-240(novel)-240(superstition,)-242(that)-240(might)-240(perchance)-239(lead)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-447(devotee)-447(to)-447(some)-448(glimpse)-447(of)-447(the)-447(divine)-447(world.)-841(And)-447(side)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-295(side)-294(with)-295(the)-295(recrudescence)-294(of)-295(old-world)-295(superstitions,)-305(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-317(spreading,)-333(from)-316(whatever)-317(source,)-333(loftier)-316(and)-317(more)-316(ethical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conceptions)-370(of)-370(God,)-400(a)-369(dim)-370(sense)-370(of)-370(sin)-370(and)-370(human)-369(weakness,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-315(need)-316(of)-315(cleansing)-315(and)-315(support)-316(from)-315(a)-315(Divine)-316(hand.)-445(Stoicism,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-275(all)-275(its)-275(austere)-275(grandeur,)-281(had)-275(failed)-275(in)-275(its)-275(interpretation)-274(both)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-300(man)-301(and)-300(of)-300(God.)-401(Popular)-300(theology,)-313(however)-300(soothing)-300(to)-300(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(associations)-238(and)-239(unregenerate)-238(feelings,)-241(often)-238(gave)-238(a)-239(shock)-238(to)-238(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quickened)-364(moral)-365(sense)-364(and)-364(the)-365(higher)-364(spiritual)-364(intuitions.)-593(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-265(venerable)-266(charm)-265(of)-266(time-honoured)-265(ritual,)-269(glad)-266(or)-265(stately,)-269(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.472 Td [(2074)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.894 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.007 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(299)-250(sqq.;)-250(S.)-250(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 94.407 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(,)-250(vi.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -240.584 -7.394 Td [(2075)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mommsen,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.841 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(of)-250(Rome)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.064 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(p.)-250(183)-250(\050Tr.\051;)-250(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 85.916 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Myth.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.827 0 Td [(p.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -236.343 -7.311 Td [(2076)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.894 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.007 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(pp.)-250(18-20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.596 -7.31 Td [(2077)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.061 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.822 0 Td [(117,)-302(\247\247)-292(19-30;)-313(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 80.745 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.801 0 Td [(i.)-376(17;)-313(M.)-292(Aurel.)-376(vii.)-376(67.)-376(But)-292(cf.)-376(viii.)]TJ -147.385 -10.959 Td [(13;)-250(xii.)-250(14;)-250(viii.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2078)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Hermot.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(c.)-250(25,)-250(34,)-250(37)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2154 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2155 0 R /Resources 2153 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2136 0 R >> endobj 2156 0 obj << /D [2154 0 R /XYZ 347.532 518.175 null] >> endobj 2153 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2159 0 obj << /Length 5228 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(481)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(emotional)-241(effects)-242(and)-241(dim)-242(promise)-241(of)-241(revelation)-242(in)-241(the)-241(mysteries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-304(many)-303(shrines,)-317(the)-303(seductive)-304(allurements)-303(of)-304(new)-303(cults,)-317(with)-303(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strange)-214(blending)-213(of)-214(the)-214(sensuous)-214(and)-213(the)-214(mystic,)-221(all)-214(wove)-213(around)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(human)-297(soul)-297(such)-297(an)-297(enchanted)-297(maze)-297(of)-297(spiritual)-297(fascination)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-324(escape)-324(was)-324(impossible,)-342(even)-324(if)-324(it)-323(were)-324(desired.)-472(But)-324(it)-323(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-327(longer)-327(desired)-327(even)-327(by)-327(the)-327(highest)-327(intellects.)-481(The)-327(efforts)-326(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pure)-349(reason)-349(to)-349(solve)-349(the)-349(mystery)-349(of)-349(God)-349(and)-349(of)-349(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 237.43 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-349(destiny)]TJ -241.063 -13.549 Td [(had)-295(failed.)-384(Yet)-295(men)-295(were)-295(ever)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.102 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(feeling)-295(after)-295(God,)-306(if)-294(haply)-295(they)]TJ -142.945 -13.549 Td [(might)-216(find)-215(Him.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.865 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.196 0 Td [(And)-216(the)-215(God)-216(whom)-215(they)-216(sought)-216(for)-215(was)-216(one)-216(on)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.963 0 Td [([397])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(whom)-323(they)-323(might)-323(hang,)-341(in)-323(whom)-323(they)-323(might)-323(have)-323(rest.)-468(Where)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-362(the)-362(revelation)-361(to)-362(come)-362(from?)-585(Where)-362(was)-362(the)-362(mediator)-361(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-248(sought)-248(to)-248(reconcile)-249(the)-248(ancient)-248(faiths)-248(or)-248(fables)-248(with)-248(a)-248(purified)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-395(of)-395(the)-395(Deity)-396(and)-395(the)-395(aspiration)-395(for)-395(a)-395(higher)-395(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life?)]TJ 11.956 -21.883 Td [(The)-540(revived)-540(Pythagorean)-541(and)-540(Platonist)-540(philosophy)-540(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(girded)-389(itself)-390(to)-389(attempt)-390(the)-389(solution)-389(was)-390(really)-389(part)-390(of)-389(a)-389(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spiritual)-429(movement,)-473(with)-428(its)-429(focus)-429(at)-428(Alexandria.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.493 3.959 Td [(2079)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.011 -3.959 Td [(In)-429(that)]TJ -250.504 -13.549 Td [(meeting-point)-367(of)-367(the)-367(East)-367(and)-367(West,)-396(of)-367(all)-367(systems)-367(of)-366(thought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-260(worship,)-263(syncretism)-260(blended)-260(all)-260(faiths.)-281(Hadrian,)-262(in)-260(his)-260(letter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-323(Servianus,)-341(cynically)-323(observes)-323(that)-323(the)-323(same)-323(men)-323(were)-322(ready)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-256(worship)-256(impartial)1(ly)-256(Serapis)-256(or)-256(Christ.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.069 3.958 Td [(2080)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.353 -3.958 Td [(Philosophy)-256(became)]TJ -195.422 -13.55 Td [(more)-406(and)-406(more)-406(a)-406(religion;)-483(its)-406(first)-406(and)-406(highest)-406(aim)-406(is)-406(a)-405(right)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knowledge)-220(of)-220(God.)-240(And)-220(philosophy,)-226(having)-220(failed)-220(to)-220(find)-220(help)-220(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-313(life)-313(according)-313(to)-313(nature,)-328(or)-313(the)-313(divine)-313(element)-313(in)-312(individual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consciousness,)-356(had)-335(now)-334(to)-335(seek)-335(support)-334(in)-335(a)-335(God)-334(transcending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature)-362(and)-361(consciousness,)-390(a)-362(God)-361(such)-362(as)-362(the)-361(mysticism)-362(of)-361(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(East)-300(or)-300(the)-300(systems)-300(of)-300(Pythagoras)-300(and)-300(Plato)-300(had)-300(foreshadowed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-254(such)-254(a)-254(God,)-255(transcending)-254(nature)-254(and)-254(consciousness,)-255(remote,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ineffable,)-508(only,)-509(in)-456(some)-457(rare)-457(moment)-456(of)-457(supreme)-456(exaltation,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 102.988 Td [(2079)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(\334berweg,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.682 0 Td [(Hist.)-608(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.141 0 Td [(i.)-608(p.)-608(232;)-429(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.383 0 Td [(Phil.)-608(der)-369(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.357 0 Td [(iii.)-608(2,)-399(p.)-608(83;)]TJ -231.519 -10.958 Td [(Thiersch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.857 0 Td [(Politik)-250(u.)-250(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.551 0 Td [(etc.,)-250(pp.)-250(15,)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.147 -7.311 Td [(2080)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Flav.)-253(Vop.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.395 0 Td [(Vit.)-253(Saturn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.374 0 Td [(c.)-253(8,)-251(\247)-251(2,)-251(illic)-251(qui)-250(Serapem)-251(colunt)-251(Christiani)-251(sunt,)-251(et)]TJ -95.725 -10.959 Td [(devoti)-250(sunt)-250(Serapi,)-250(qui)-250(se)-250(Christi)-250(episcopos)-250(dicunt,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2158 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2159 0 R /Resources 2157 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2162 0 R >> endobj 2160 0 obj << /D [2158 0 R /XYZ 160.652 409.782 null] >> endobj 2161 0 obj << /D [2158 0 R /XYZ 114.092 77.101 null] >> endobj 2157 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2165 0 obj << /Length 6744 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(482)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(dimly)-243(apprehensible)-244(by)-243(the)-243(human)-244(spirit,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.416 3.959 Td [(2081)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.108 -3.959 Td [(could)-243(not)-244(call)-243(forth)]TJ -197.524 -13.549 Td [(fully)-245(the)-245(loving)-245(trust)-246(and)-245(fervent)-245(reverence)-245(which)-245(men)-245(longed)-245(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offer.)-322(Heaven)-274(being)-273(so)-274(far)-274(from)-274(earth,)-280(and)-274(earth)-274(so)-274(darkened)-273(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-340(mists)-340(of)-340(sense,)-363(any)-339(gleam)-340(of)-340(revelation)-340(must)-340(be)-340(welcomed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-224(whatever)-225(quarter)-224(it)-224(might)-224(break.)-242(And)-224(thus)-224(an)-224(all-embracing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(syncretism,)-504(while)-454(it)-453(gratified)-453(ancestral)-454(piety,)-504(and)-453(the)-453(natural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instinct)-293(of)-294(all)-293(religion)-294(to)-293(root)-294(itself)-293(in)-294(the)-293(past,)-305(offered)-293(the)-293(hope)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-337(illumination)-337(from)-338(converging)-337(lights.)-511(Or)-337(rather,)-359(any)-337(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-223(has)-223(won)-223(the)-223(reverence)-223(of)-223(men)-223(may)-223(transmit)-223(a)-223(ray)-222(from)-223(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(central)-202(Sun.)-234(The)-202(believer)-202(in)-201(God,)-212(who)-202(longs)-202(for)-202(communion)-201(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Him,)-232(for)-227(help)-226(at)-227(His)-227(hands,)-232(might)-227(by)-227(reverent)-227(selection)-227(win)-226(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-248(religions)-247(something)-247(to)-248(satisfy)-247(his)-248(needs.)-249(A)-248(revelation)-247(was)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperious)-214(demand.)-237(Where)-214(should)-214(men)-213(be)-214(so)-213(likely)-214(to)-214(find)-213(it)-214(as)-213(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-279(reverent)-278(study)-279(of)-278(great)-279(historic)-278(efforts)-279(of)-278(humanity)-279(to)-278(pierce)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(veil?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([398])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -17.034 Td [(The)-243(philosophy)-243(which)-243(was)-243(to)-243(attempt)-243(the)-243(revival)-243(of)-242(paganism)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(in)-418(the)-419(second)-418(century,)-460(and)-419(which)-418(was)-418(to)-419(fight)-418(its)-418(last)-418(battles)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-440(the)-440(fourth)-441(and)-440(fifth,)-488(traced)-440(itself)-440(to)-440(Pythagoras)-440(and)-440(Plato.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plato)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.429 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-373(affinity)-373(with)-373(the)-373(older)-373(mystic)-373(is)-373(well)-373(known.)-618(And)-373(the)]TJ -26.062 -13.549 Td [(reader)-390(of)-389(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 62.416 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.577 0 Td [(or)-389(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 30.916 0 Td [(Republic)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.031 0 Td [(will)-389(not)-390(be)-389(surprised)-390(to)]TJ -173.94 -13.549 Td [(find)-445(the)-445(followers)-445(of)-445(the)-445(two)-445(masters)-445(of)-445(Greek)-445(thought)-445(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believed)-301(most)-301(in)-301(a)-301(spiritual)-301(vision)-301(and)-301(in)-301(an)-301(ordered)-301(moral)-300(life,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(united)-344(in)-344(an)-344(effort)-345(which)-344(extended)-344(to)-344(the)-344(close)-344(of)-344(the)-344(Western)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Empire,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.844 3.959 Td [(2082)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.722 -3.959 Td [(to)-364(combine)-364(a)-364(lofty)-365(mysticism)-364(with)-364(ancestral)-364(faith.)]TJ -55.566 -13.549 Td [(The)-225(two)-225(systems)-225(had)-225(much)-225(in)-225(common,)-230(and)-225(yet)-225(each)-225(contributed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-470(peculiar)-470(element)-470(to)-469(the)-470(great)-470(movement.)-909(Pythagoreanism,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-339(its)-339(origin)-340(is)-339(veiled)-339(in)-339(mystery,)-362(was)-339(always)-339(full)-339(of)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysticism)-264(of)-264(the)-264(East.)-292(Platonism)-264(was)-264(essentially)-264(the)-264(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-428(Greek)-427(culture.)-783(The)-428(movement)-427(in)-428(which)-427(their)-428(forces)-427(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(combined)-421(was)-420(one)-421(in)-420(which)-420(the)-421(new)-420(Hellenism)-421(of)-420(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 102.988 Td [(2081)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-528(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.33 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.255 0 Td [(xiv.)-528(8,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.437 0 Td [(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.86 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.357 0 Td [(\002)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275)-343(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.473 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.348 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.779 0 Td [(\274\255\303\277\305)-342(\300\277\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.617 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.348 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.537 0 Td [(\270\275\267\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.663 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-343(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.62 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.972 -10.958 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)-361(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.414 0 Td [(\270\254\275\261\304\277\275)-361(\264\271\265\304\265\271\307\257\303\270\267)-362(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 83.136 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-361(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.364 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\301\261\275\257\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.427 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\314\310\265\316\302)-361(\304\265)-362(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.183 0 Td [(v)-361(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.343 0 Td [(\274\271\273\257\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.445 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\304\271)-362(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.566 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.029 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.972 -10.959 Td [(\264\261\271\274\277\275\257\277\305)-250(\304\261\315\304\267\302)-250(\306\315\303\265\311\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 95.277 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)-250(Cf.)-250(xvi.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -115.662 -7.311 Td [(2082)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(Som.)-250(Scip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.847 0 Td [(i.)-250(8;)-250(ii.)-250(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2164 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2165 0 R /Resources 2163 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2162 0 R >> endobj 2166 0 obj << /D [2164 0 R /XYZ 93.543 328.345 null] >> endobj 2163 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2169 0 obj << /Length 6232 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(483)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(reign)-209(reinforced)-210(itself)-209(for)-210(the)-209(reconstruction)-210(of)-209(western)-209(paganism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-362(those)-361(purer)-362(and)-362(loftier)-361(ideas)-362(of)-361(God)-362(of)-362(which)-361(the)-362(East)-361(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-242(original)-241(home.)-248(The)-241(effort)-242(of)-242(paganism)-241(to)-242(rehabilitate)-242(itself)-241(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-253(second)-253(century)-253(drew)-253(no)-253(small)-253(part)-253(of)-253(its)-253(inspiration)-253(from)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(regions)-250(which)-250(were)-250(the)-250(cradle)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Christian)-250(faith.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 226.92 3.959 Td [(2083)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -214.964 -18.288 Td [(Seneca)-165(seems)-165(to)-165(regard)-165(Pythagoreanism)-165(as)-165(extinct.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.512 3.959 Td [(2084)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.857 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-165(one)]TJ -247.325 -13.549 Td [(of)-164(his)-164(own)-164(teachers,)-182(Sotion,)-181(practised)-164(its)-164(asceticism,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.063 3.958 Td [(2085)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.416 -3.958 Td [(and)-164(in)-164(the)]TJ -239.479 -13.55 Td [(first)-190(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 54.428 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-202(the)-189(traces)-190(of)-189(at)-190(least)-190(ninety)-189(treatises)-190(by)-189(members)]TJ -69.502 -13.549 Td [(of)-286(the)-287(school)-286(have)-286(been)-286(recovered)-286(by)-287(antiquarian)-286(care,)-295(many)-286(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-160(forgeries)-160(foisted)-160(on)-160(ancient)-160(names.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.023 3.959 Td [(2086)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.838 -3.959 Td [(As)-160(a)-160(didactic)-160(system,)]TJ -190.861 -13.549 Td [(indeed,)-431(the)-394(school)-395(had)-394(long)-395(disappeared,)-430(but)-395(the)-394(Pythagorean)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(askesis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.684 0 Td [(seems)-255(never)-254(to)-255(have)-255(lost)-254(its)-255(continuity.)-264(It)-254(drew)-255(down)-255(the)]TJ -33.684 -13.55 Td [(ridicule)-238(of)-239(the)-238(New)-239(Comedy.)-246(It)-238(may)-239(have)-238(had)-238(a)-239(share)-238(in)-238(forming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-370(Essene)-369(and)-369(Therapeutic)-370(discipline.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.755 3.959 Td [(2087)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.075 -3.959 Td [(In)-369(the)-370(first)-369(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf -195.829 -13.549 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.998 0 Td [(it)-268(had)-268(a)-268(distinguished)-268(adherent)-269(in)-268(P.)-268(Nigidius)-268(Figulus,)-272(and)-269(a)]TJ -17.998 -13.549 Td [(learned)-232(expositor)-232(in)-232(Alexander)-232(Polyhistor.)-244(Its)-232(enduring)-231(power)-232(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-258(spiritual)-258(creed)-258(congenial)-258(to)-259(paganism)-258(is)-258(shown)-258(by)-258(the)-258(fact)-258(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Iamblichus,)-195(one)-181(of)-181(the)-181(latest)-182(Neo-Platonists,)-195(and)-181(one)-181(of)-181(the)-181(ardent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devotees)-327(of)-328(superstition,)-346(expounded)-327(the)-328(Pythagorean)-327(system)-327(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-369(treatises)-369(and)-368(composed)-369(an)-369(imaginative)-369(biography)-369(of)-368(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.023 0 Td [([399])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(great)-340(founder.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.172 3.959 Td [(2088)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.115 -3.959 Td [(To)-340(the)-340(modern)-340(it)-341(is)-340(best)-340(known)-340(through)-340(the)]TJ -84.287 -13.549 Td [(romantic)-221(life)-222(of)-221(Apollonius)-222(of)-221(Tyana,)-227(by)-222(Philostratus,)-227(which)-221(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(composed)-269(at)-270(the)-269(instance)-270(of)-269(Julia)-270(Domna,)-274(the)-269(wife)-270(of)-269(Septimius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Severus,)-450(who)-411(combined)-410(with)-411(a)-410(doubtful)-411(virtue)-410(a)-411(love)-410(for)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysticism)-347(of)-347(her)-347(native)-346(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.186 3.959 Td [(2089)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.335 -3.959 Td [(Apollonius)-347(is)-347(surrounded)-347(by)]TJ -153.521 -13.549 Td [(his)-291(biographer)-291(with)-291(an)-291(atmosphere)-291(of)-291(mystery)-291(and)-291(miracle.)-372(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-275(the)-276(critical)-275(historian)-275(must)-276(reject)-275(much)-276(of)-275(the)-275(narrative,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.711 Td [(2083)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(2,)-250(pp.)-250(57-62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.596 -7.31 Td [(2084)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.68 0 Td [(Nat.)-222(Q.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.387 0 Td [(vii.)-222(32,)-182(2,)-183(Pythagorica)-165(illa)-166(invidiosa)-165(turbae)-166(schola)-165(praeceptorem)]TJ -57.022 -10.959 Td [(non)-250(invenit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(2085)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(49,)-250(\247)-250(2;)-250(108,)-250(\247)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.311 Td [(2086)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(2,)-250(p.)-250(85.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2087)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(\334berweg,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.345 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.86 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(228;)-250(cf.)-250(Hatch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.471 0 Td [(Hibbert)-250(Lec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.567 0 Td [(p.)-250(148.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -209.938 -7.31 Td [(2088)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(\334berweg,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.345 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.86 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(252;)-250(cf.)-250(Eunapius,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 83.432 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Iambl.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -174.332 -7.311 Td [(2089)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(i.)-250(3,)-250(1;)-250(cf.)-250(Ael.)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.451 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.876 0 Td [(18.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2168 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2169 0 R /Resources 2167 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2162 0 R >> endobj 2170 0 obj << /D [2168 0 R /XYZ 300.96 259.96 null] >> endobj 2167 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2173 0 obj << /Length 5408 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(484)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-251(faith)-250(of)-251(the)-250(Pythagorean)-251(missionary)-250(of)-251(the)-250(reign)-251(of)-250(Domitian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stands)-262(out)-262(in)-262(clear)-262(outline.)-286(Apollonius)-262(is)-262(a)-262(true)-262(representative)-262(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-276(new)-276(spiritual)-276(movement.)-327(His)-276(mother)-276(had)-276(a)-276(vision)-276(before)-275(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(birth.)-384(His)-294(early)-295(training)-294(at)-295(Aegae)-295(was)-294(eclectic,)-306(like)-294(the)-295(spirit)-294(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-173(age,)-189(and)-174(he)-173(heard)-174(the)-173(teaching)-173(of)-174(doctors)-173(of)-174(all)-173(the)-174(schools,)-188(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-281(excluding)-280(the)-281(Epicurean.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 133.088 3.959 Td [(2090)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.165 -3.959 Td [(But)-281(he)-280(early)-281(devoted)-280(himself)]TJ -153.253 -13.549 Td [(to)-211(the)-211(severe)-212(asceticism)-211(of)-211(the)-211(Pythagorean)-211(sect,)-219(wore)-211(pure)-211(linen,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abstained)-206(from)-205(wine)-206(and)-205(flesh,)-215(observed)-205(the)-206(five)-205(years)-206(of)-205(silence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-226(made)-227(the)-226(temple)-226(his)-226(home.)-243(The)-226(worship)-226(of)-226(Asclepius,)-231(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-219(then)-220(gaining)-219(an)-219(extraordinary)-220(vogue,)-225(had)-220(a)-219(special)-219(attraction)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-400(him,)-436(with)-400(its)-399(atmosphere)-400(of)-399(serenity)-400(and)-399(ritual)-400(purity)-399(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-387(dream)-386(oracles)-387(of)-386(beneficent)-386(healing.)-660(Apollonius)-386(combines)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-325(a)-324(strange)-325(fashion,)-343(like)-325(Plutarch)-324(and)-325(the)-325(eclectic)-324(Platonists,)-343(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decided)-251(monotheism)-250(with)-251(a)-251(conservative)-250(devotion)-251(to)-251(the)-250(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gods.)-477(He)-326(looks)-325(to)-326(the)-326(East,)-344(to)-326(the)-325(sages)-326(of)-326(the)-325(Ganges,)-345(for)-325(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(highest)-421(inspiration.)-764(He)-421(worships)-421(the)-421(sun)-421(every)-421(day.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.111 3.959 Td [(2091)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.766 -3.959 Td [(Yet)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(he)-359(has)-359(a)-359(profound)-360(interest)-359(in)-359(the)-359(popular)-359(religion)-359(of)-359(the)-359(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lands)-296(through)-296(which)-296(he)-297(travelled.)-388(He)-296(frequented)-296(the)-296(temples)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-359(the)-359(gods,)-387(discoursed)-359(with)-359(the)-359(priests)-359(on)-359(the)-359(ancient)-359(lore)-359(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-283(shrines,)-291(and)-283(corrected)-283(or)-283(restored,)-291(with)-283(an)-283(authority)-283(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-351(to)-351(have)-351(never)-351(been)-352(challenged,)-376(their)-351(ritual)-351(where)-351(it)-351(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-317(forgotten)-317(or)-317(mutilated)-317(in)-317(the)-317(lapse)-317(of)-317(ages.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.997 3.959 Td [(2092)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.36 -3.959 Td [(He)-317(sought)]TJ -235.357 -13.549 Td [(initiation)-392(in)-391(all)-392(the)-391(mysteries.)-675(He)-392(wrote)-392(a)-391(book)-392(on)-391(Sacrifices)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-257(dealt)-256(with)-257(the)-257(most)-257(minute)-256(details)-257(of)-257(worship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.971 3.958 Td [(2093)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.386 -3.958 Td [(He)-257(had)]TJ -249.357 -13.55 Td [(a)-305(profound)-305(interest)-305(in)-305(ancient)-305(legend,)-319(and)-305(the)-305(fame)-305(of)-305(the)-305(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hellenic)-288(heroes,)-297(and,)-297(having)-287(spent)-288(a)-288(weird)-287(night)-288(with)-288(the)-287(shade)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-197(Achilles)-197(in)-197(the)-197(Troad,)-207(he)-197(constrained)-197(the)-197(Thessalians)-197(to)-196(restore)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([400])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(his)-285(fallen)-284(honours.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.658 3.959 Td [(2094)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.299 -3.959 Td [(The)-285(temples)-284(recognised)-285(in)-284(him)-285(at)-285(once)-284(a)]TJ -101.957 -13.549 Td [(champion)-248(and)-248(a)-248(reformer.)-250(The)-248(oracular)-248(seats)-248(of)-248(Ionia)-248(showed)-248(an)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(2090)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(i.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.41 -7.311 Td [(2091)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2092)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(11,)-250(\247)-250(16;)-250(i.)-250(31;)-250(iv.)-250(19,)-250(20;)-250(iv.)-250(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2093)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2094)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iv.)-250(13;)-250(iv.)-250(16.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2172 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2173 0 R /Resources 2171 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2162 0 R >> endobj 2174 0 obj << /D [2172 0 R /XYZ 333.854 165.896 null] >> endobj 2171 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2177 0 obj << /Length 8554 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(485)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(unenvious)-280(admiration)-281(of)-280(his)-280(gift)-280(of)-281(prophecy,)-288(and)-280(hailed)-280(him)-280(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-319(true)-319(son)-320(of)-319(Apollo.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.008 3.959 Td [(2095)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.43 -3.959 Td [(His)-319(visit)-319(to)-320(Rome)-319(in)-319(the)-319(darkest)-319(hour)]TJ -114.438 -13.549 Td [(of)-268(the)-267(Neronian)-268(terror)-267(seems)-268(to)-267(have)-268(aroused)-267(a)-268(strange)-267(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fervour;)-389(the)-342(temples)-342(were)-343(thronged)-342(with)-342(worshippers;)-389(it)-342(was)-342(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(heathen)-250(revival.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.677 3.959 Td [(2096)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -57.721 -19.467 Td [(Yet)-156(this)-157(strange)-156(missionary)-157(held)-156(principles)-157(which)-156(ought)-157(to)-156(have)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(been)-212(fatal)-212(to)-213(heathen)-212(worship.)-237(He)-213(drew)-212(his)-212(central)-212(principle)-212(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Eastern)-427(pantheism,)-471(which)-427(might)-427(seem)-427(irreconcilable)-427(with)-427(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anthropomorphism)-290(of)-290(the)-289(West.)-370(It)-290(is)-289(true)-290(that)-290(under)-290(the)-289(Infinite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Spirit,)-232(as)-227(in)-227(the)-228(Platonist)-227(th\351odic\351e,)-232(the)-227(gods)-227(of)-227(heathen)-227(devotion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(find)-350(a)-349(place)-349(as)-350(His)-349(ministers)-350(and)-349(viceroys.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.807 3.959 Td [(2097)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.42 -3.959 Td [(But)-350(the)-349(eternal)]TJ -214.227 -13.549 Td [(antithesis)-290(of)-290(spirit)-290(and)-290(matter,)-300(and)-290(the)-290(contempt)-290(for)-290(the)-290(body)-289(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-285(degrading)-285(prison)-286(of)-285(the)-285(divine)-285(element)-285(in)-285(man,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 214.859 3.959 Td [(2098)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.646 -3.959 Td [(the)-285(ascetic)]TJ -234.505 -13.549 Td [(theory)-380(that)-381(by)-380(crucifying)-380(the)-380(flesh)-381(and)-380(attenuating)-380(its)-380(powers,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-291(spirit)-291(might)-292(lay)-291(itself)-291(open)-291(to)-292(heavenly)-291(influences,)-301(these)-291(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrines)-198(which)-198(might)-198(appear)-198(utterly)-198(hostile)-198(to)-198(a)-198(gross)-198(materialist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ritual.)-244(And)-231(as)-232(a)-231(matter)-231(of)-232(fact,)-235(Apollonius)-231(to)-232(some)-231(extent)-231(obeyed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-303(principles.)-410(He)-304(scorned)-303(the)-303(popular)-304(conception)-303(of)-303(divination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-177(magic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.07 3.959 Td [(2099)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.9 -3.959 Td [(The)-177(only)-176(legitimate)-177(power)-177(of)-177(foreseeing)-176(the)-177(future)]TJ -65.97 -13.549 Td [(or)-349(influencing)-349(the)-349(material)-348(world)-349(is)-349(given)-349(to)-349(the)-349(soul)-349(which)-348(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pure)-340(from)-341(all)-340(fleshly)-341(taint)-340(and)-341(therefore)-340(near)-340(to)-341(God.)-521(He)-340(feels)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profoundly)-248(that)-247(the)-248(myths)-247(propagated)-248(by)-248(the)-247(poets)-248(have)-247(lowered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-244(ideal)-244(of)-244(God)-243(and)-244(the)-244(character)-244(of)-244(man,)-245(and)-244(he)-244(greatly)-243(prefers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-276(fables)-275(of)-276(Aesop,)-282(which)-276(use)-275(the)-276(falsehoods)-276(of)-275(the)-276(fancy)-276(for)-275(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(definite)-302(moral)-301(end.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.841 3.959 Td [(2100)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.857 -3.959 Td [(The)-302(mutilation)-301(of)-302(a)-302(father,)-314(the)-302(storming)]TJ -104.698 -13.549 Td [(of)-299(Olympus)-299(by)-300(the)-299(Giants,)-311(incest)-300(and)-299(adultery)-299(among)-299(the)-299(gods,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.322 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.426 Td [(2095)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.219 0 Td [(iv.)-339(1,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.562 0 Td [(\273\314\263\277\271)-280(\304\265)-280(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.967 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.145 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.545 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)-280(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.821 0 Td [(\306\277\257\304\311\275)-280(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.474 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.145 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.055 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272)-280(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.402 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.055 0 Td [(\232\277\273\277\306)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.568 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275\271)-280(\274\261\275\304\265\257\277\305)]TJ -237.584 -10.959 Td [(\272\277\271\275\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.043 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-222(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.394 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.65 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\261\305\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.574 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.538 0 Td [(\303\277\306\257\261\302)-222(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.746 0 Td [(v)-222(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.335 0 Td [(\304\265\307\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.525 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-222(\303\277\306)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.121 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-222(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.393 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.538 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\264\301\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.826 0 Td [(\204)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\264\277\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.585 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.234 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.629 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(r)-222(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.524 0 Td [(\272)]TJ -276.057 -10.959 Td [(\224\271\264\315\274\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.27 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -35.009 -7.311 Td [(2096)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2097)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.513 0 Td [(iii.)-438(35,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 27.794 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-313(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.643 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.569 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\264\301\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.637 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\277\264\277\304\255\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.574 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.789 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.788 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\265\257\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.521 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.589 0 Td [(\270\265\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.706 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.658 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.044 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.439 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.51 0 Td [(\274\255\301\267)-313(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.182 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\272\305\262\265\301\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.182 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.922 0 Td [(:)-250(cf.)-250(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.533 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(\247)-250(6)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -117.078 -7.311 Td [(2098)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(ii.)-250(37;)-250(vi.)-250(11;)-250(vii.)-250(26;)-250(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 114.331 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -228.166 -7.31 Td [(2099)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(vi.)-250(10;)-250(iv.)-250(40;)-250(v.)-250(12;)-250(iv.)-250(18;)-250(iv.)-250(44.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.41 -7.311 Td [(2100)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(13;)-250(iii.)-250(25.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2176 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2177 0 R /Resources 2175 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2162 0 R >> endobj 2175 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2180 0 obj << /Length 5535 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(486)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(must)-235(be)-235(reprobated,)-238(however)-236(they)-235(have)-235(been)-235(glorified)-235(by)-235(poetry.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apollonius)-393(poured)-393(contempt)-392(on)-393(the)-393(animal)-393(worship)-393(of)-392(Egypt,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-286(when)-285(defended)-286(by)-285(the)-286(dialectic)-286(subtlety)-285(of)-286(Greece.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.579 3.959 Td [(2101)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.331 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(was)-470(repelled)-470(by)-469(the)-470(grossness)-470(of)-470(bloody)-470(sacrifices,)-524(however)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(consecrated)-364(by)-365(immemorial)-364(use.)-593(For)-364(the)-365(nobler)-364(symbolism)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hellenic)-354(art)-355(he)-354(had)-355(a)-354(certain)-354(sympathy,)-381(like)-354(Dion,)-381(but)-354(only)-354(as)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([401])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(symbolism.)-258(Any)-253(sensible)-253(image)-253(of)-253(the)-252(Supreme,)-254(which)-253(does)-252(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carry)-351(the)-351(soul)-351(beyond)-351(the)-351(bounds)-351(of)-350(sense,)-377(defeats)-351(its)-350(purpose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-321(is)-321(degrading)-322(to)-321(pure)-321(religion.)-464(Pictured)-321(or)-321(sculptured)-321(forms)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-250(only)-251(aids)-250(to)-251(that)-250(mystic)-251(imagination)-250(through)-251(which)-250(alone)-250(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-391(see)-391(God.)-673(Finally,)-426(his)-391(idea)-391(of)-391(prayer)-391(is)-391(intensely)-391(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-329(ethical.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.797 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Grant)-329(me,)-349(ye)-328(gods,)-349(what)-329(is)-329(my)-329(due)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 158.257 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.432 0 Td [(is)-329(the)-329(highest)]TJ -221.33 -13.549 Td [(prayer)-434(of)-433(Apollonius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.63 3.959 Td [(2102)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.178 -3.959 Td [(Yet,)-480(as)-433(we)-434(have)-434(already)-433(seen,)-480(the)]TJ -122.808 -13.549 Td [(religion)-357(of)-356(Apollonius)-357(is)-356(thoroughly)-357(practical.)-570(He)-356(was)-357(a)-356(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(preacher.)-677(He)-392(addressed)-392(vast)-392(crowds)-393(from)-392(the)-392(temple)-392(steps)-392(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ephesus)-222(or)-221(Olympia,)-228(rebuking)-221(their)-222(luxury)-222(and)-221(effeminacy,)-227(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feuds)-297(and)-296(mean)-297(civic)-296(ambition,)-309(their)-296(love)-297(of)-296(frivolous)-297(sports)-296(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-231(bloody)-231(strife)-232(of)-231(the)-231(arena.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.428 3.959 Td [(2103)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.098 -3.959 Td [(Next)-231(to)-231(the)-232(knowledge)-231(of)-231(God,)]TJ -146.526 -13.549 Td [(he)-362(preached)-362(the)-363(importance)-362(of)-362(self-knowledge,)-390(and)-362(of)-362(lending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-298(attentive)-297(ear)-298(to)-298(the)-298(voice)-297(of)-298(conscience.)-393(He)-298(crowned)-298(his)-297(life)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-371(asserting)-371(fearlessly)-372(t)1(he)-372(cause)-371(of)-371(righteousness)-371(in)-371(the)-371(awful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presence-chamber)-250(of)-250(Domitian.)]TJ 11.955 -16.944 Td [(About)-342(the)-341(very)-342(time)-342(when)-342(Apollonius)-341(was)-342(bearding)-342(the)-342(last)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(of)-335(the)-334(Flavians,)-356(and)-335(preaching)-335(a)-335(pagan)-334(revival)-335(in)-335(the)-334(porticoes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-462(the)-462(Roman)-462(temples,)-515(it)-462(is)-462(probable)-462(that)-462(Plutarch,)-515(in)-461(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respects)-214(a)-214(kindred)-214(spirit,)-222(was)-214(making)-214(his)-214(appearance)-214(as)-214(a)-214(lecturer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-336(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.33 3.958 Td [(2104)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.976 -3.958 Td [(The)-336(greatest)-336(of)-336(biographers)-335(has)-336(had)-336(no)-336(authentic)]TJ -62.306 -13.55 Td [(biography)-280(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.748 3.959 Td [(2105)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.155 -3.959 Td [(The)-280(few)-280(certain)-281(facts)-280(about)-280(his)-280(life)-281(must)]TJ -102.903 -13.549 Td [(be)-383(gleaned)-382(from)-383(his)-382(own)-383(writings.)-647(He)-383(was)-382(the)-383(descendant)-382(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.513 Td [(2101)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2102)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iv.)-250(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.41 -7.311 Td [(2103)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(22;)-250(iv.)-250(41;)-250(v.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2104)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.373 0 Td [(De)-250(la)-250(Morale)-250(de)-250(Plutarch)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 92.641 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(32;)-250(Volkmann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.489 0 Td [(Leben)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(,)-250(etc.)-250(p.)-250(37.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -228.112 -7.394 Td [(2105)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(For)-250(the)-250(apocryphal)-250(accounts,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 105.83 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Gr\351ard,)-250(p.)-250(3)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2179 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2180 0 R /Resources 2178 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2162 0 R >> endobj 2181 0 obj << /D [2179 0 R /XYZ 93.543 450.429 null] >> endobj 2178 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2184 0 obj << /Length 9774 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(487)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(an)-384(ancient)-383(family)-384(of)-384(Chaeronea,)-417(famous)-384(as)-383(the)-384(scene)-384(of)-383(three)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(historic)-347(battles,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.775 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-347(War-God)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.309 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-347(dancing-place,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.946 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.629 0 Td [(and)-347(his)-347(great-)]TJ -219.135 -13.549 Td [(grandfather)-308(had)-308(tales)-308(of)-308(the)-308(great)-308(conflict)-308(at)-308(Actium.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 233.79 3.959 Td [(2106)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.062 -3.959 Td [(In)-308(the)]TJ -254.852 -13.549 Td [(year)-210(66)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 34.275 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-218(when)-211(Nero)-210(was)-211(distinguishing)-210(or)-211(disgracing)-210(himself)]TJ -50.253 -13.55 Td [(as)-427(a)-427(competitor)-427(at)-426(the)-427(Greek)-427(festivals,)-471(Plutarch)-427(was)-427(a)-426(young)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(student)-312(at)-311(the)-312(university)-312(of)-312(Athens,)-327(under)-311(Ammonius,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.11 3.959 Td [(2107)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.007 -3.959 Td [(who,)]TJ -259.117 -13.549 Td [(if)-305(he)-304(inspired)-305(him)-304(with)-305(admiration)-304(for)-305(Plato,)-318(also)-304(taught)-305(him)-304(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(draw)-364(freely)-365(from)-364(all)-365(the)-364(treasures)-364(of)-365(Greek)-364(thought.)-593(Plutarch,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-329(he)-329(finally)-329(settled)-328(down)-329(at)-329(Chaeronea,)-349(saw)-329(something)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-387(great)-387(Roman)-387(world.)-661(He)-387(had)-387(visited)-387(Alexandria)-387(and)-386(some)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([402])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(part)-404(of)-404(Asia)-404(Minor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 89.266 3.959 Td [(2108)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.202 -3.959 Td [(He)-404(was)-404(at)-404(an)-404(early)-403(age)-404(employed)-404(to)]TJ -113.468 -13.549 Td [(represent)-230(his)-230(native)-230(town)-230(on)-230(public)-230(business,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.125 3.959 Td [(2109)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.99 -3.959 Td [(and)-230(he)-230(had)-230(thus)]TJ -213.115 -13.549 Td [(visited)-294(Rome,)-306(probably)-294(in)-295(the)-294(reign)-295(of)-294(Vespasian,)-306(and)-294(again,)-305(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-271(reign)-271(of)-272(Domitian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.654 3.958 Td [(2110)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.859 -3.958 Td [(It)-271(was)-271(a)-272(time)-271(when)-271(original)-271(genius)-271(in)]TJ -117.513 -13.55 Td [(Roman)-257(literature)-256(was)-257(showing)-256(signs)-257(of)-256(failure,)-258(but)-257(when)-256(minute)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(antiquarian)-397(learning)-397(was)-398(becomi)1(ng)-398(a)-397(passion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.78 3.959 Td [(2111)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.981 -3.959 Td [(It)-397(was)-397(also)]TJ -230.761 -13.549 Td [(the)-367(age)-368(of)-367(the)-367(new)-368(sophist.)-602(Hellenism)-367(was)-368(in)-367(the)-367(air,)-397(and)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lecture)-452(theatres)-453(were)-452(thronged)-453(to)-452(hear)-453(the)-452(philosophic)-452(orator)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-452(the)-453(professional)-452(artist)-453(in)-452(words.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 160.116 3.958 Td [(2112)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.792 -3.958 Td [(Although)-452(Plutarch)-453(is)]TJ -185.908 -13.55 Td [(never)-222(mentioned)-221(beside)-222(men)-221(like)-222(Euphrates,)-227(in)-222(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 228.17 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-222(letters,)-227(he)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 242.111 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 235.299 Td [(2106)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Vit.)-865(Anton.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.206 0 Td [(c.)-865(68,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.728 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.544 0 Td [(\263\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.724 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-455(\300\301\314\300\261\300\300\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 53.152 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-455(\235\257\272\261\301\307\277\302)-455(\264\271\267\263\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 66.942 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\277)-455(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.564 0 Td [(.:)]TJ -275.896 -10.959 Td [(Volkmann,)-250(p.)-250(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2107)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.7 0 Td [(De)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.951 0 Td [(\225\231)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 9.786 0 Td [(ap.)-335(Delph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.865 0 Td [(c.)-335(1;)-293(cf.)-335(17;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.123 0 Td [(Vit.)-335(Themist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.845 0 Td [(c.)-335(32;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.31 0 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.13 0 Td [(iii.)-335(1,)-286(\247)-278(1;)]TJ -244.666 -10.959 Td [(ix.)-307(14,)-274(\247)-269(2;)-278(ix.)-307(14,)-273(\247)-269(7;)-279(i.)-307(9;)-278(Eunap.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 128.855 0 Td [(Vit.)-307(Soph.)-307(Prooem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.423 0 Td [(5,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.179 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-269(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.423 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.069 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.999 0 Td [(\274\274\316\275\271\314\302)-269(\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -239.349 -10.958 Td [(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\240\273\277\305\304\254\301\307\277\305)-250(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 62.952 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\270\265\271\277\304\254\304\277\305)-250(\263\265\263\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 60.308 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-250(\264\271\264\254\303\272\261\273\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.257 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -192.109 -7.311 Td [(2108)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(v.)-250(5,)-250(\247)-250(1,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.624 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Agesil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.846 0 Td [(c.)-250(19;)-250(Volkmann,)-250(pp.)-250(34,)-250(63.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -122.04 -7.311 Td [(2109)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Praec.)-250(Ger.)-250(Reipub.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 74.205 0 Td [(c.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -88.9 -7.31 Td [(2110)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.46 0 Td [(viii.)-235(7,)-213(\247)-203(1,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.885 0 Td [(Vit.)-235(Dem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.806 0 Td [(c.)-235(2.)-234(In)-204(this)-204(passage)-203(he)-204(says,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 100.827 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.372 0 Td [(\303\307\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.843 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-204(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.95 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\267\302)]TJ -267.897 -10.959 Td [(\263\305\274\254\266\265\303\270\261\271)-401(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 58.153 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.229 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.139 0 Td [(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(\311\274\261\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.026 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-401(\264\271\254\273\265\272\304\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.31 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.058 0 Td [(\307\301\265\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.046 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-401(\300\277\273\271\304\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.756 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.139 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.021 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\310\255)]TJ -270.946 -10.959 Td [(\300\277\304\265)-353(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.252 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.805 0 Td [(\300\314\301\301\311)-353(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.053 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.827 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\273\271\272\257\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.113 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\301\276\254\274\265\270\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.87 0 Td [(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(\311\274\261\271\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.491 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-353(\263\301\254\274\274\261\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.089 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275\304\305\263\307\254\275\265\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.766 0 Td [(.)]TJ -278.388 -10.959 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(Frat.)-250(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.05 -7.311 Td [(2111)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.765 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.693 0 Td [(c.)-511(xx.;)-380(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.667 0 Td [(Vit.)-511(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.478 0 Td [(c.)-511(16,)-359(\247)-337(5,)-358(Aul.)-511(Gell.)-511(xii.)-511(2;)-381(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -152.558 -10.959 Td [(Lexiph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.396 0 Td [(c.)-420(20;)-334(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.871 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.832 0 Td [(iii.)-420(p.)-419(278;)-335(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.945 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(,)-321(p.)-419(96;)-335(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -223.432 -10.958 Td [(Morale)-319(de)-319(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.635 0 Td [(p.)-458(33;)-353(cf.)-458(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.563 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.065 0 Td [(114,)-337(\247)-319(13,)-336(multi)-319(ex)-320(alieno)-319(seculo)-319(petunt)]TJ -134.263 -10.959 Td [(verba:)-250(duodecim)-250(tabulas)-250(loquuntur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2112)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(p.)-250(360.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2183 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2184 0 R /Resources 2182 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2186 0 R >> endobj 2185 0 obj << /D [2183 0 R /XYZ 252.915 396.232 null] >> endobj 2182 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2189 0 obj << /Length 8105 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(488)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(found)-311(an)-310(audience)-311(at)-311(Rome,)-326(and)-310(the)-311(famous)-311(Arulenus)-310(Rusticus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-341(once)-341(among)-341(his)-341(hearers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 129.09 3.959 Td [(2113)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.145 -3.959 Td [(While)-341(he)-341(was)-341(ransacking)-341(the)]TJ -151.235 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-336(libraries,)-357(he)-336(also)-336(formed)-336(the)-336(acquaintance,)-358(at)-335(pleasant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(social)-239(parties,)-242(of)-239(many)-239(men)-240(of)-239(academic)-239(and)-240(official)-239(fame,)-241(some)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(whom)-250(belonged)-250(to)-250(the)-250(circle)-250(of)-250(Pliny)-250(and)-250(Tacitus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 229.669 3.959 Td [(2114)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -217.713 -21.687 Td [(But)-252(his)-252(native)-252(Greece,)-252(with)-252(its)-252(great)-252(memories,)-253(and)-252(his)-251(native)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(Chaeronea,)-377(to)-351(which)-351(he)-351(was)-352(linked)-351(by)-351(ancestral)-352(piety,)-376(had)-351(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-344(man)-344(like)-344(Plutarch)-345(far)-344(stronger)-344(charms)-344(than)-344(the)-344(capital)-344(of)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world.)-318(With)-273(our)-273(love)-273(of)-273(excitement)-272(and)-273(personal)-273(prominence,)-278(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-294(hard)-293(to)-294(conceive)-293(how)-293(a)-294(man)-293(of)-294(immense)-293(culture)-294(and)-293(brilliant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literary)-313(power)-314(could)-313(endure)-313(the)-314(monotony)-313(of)-313(bourgeois)-313(society)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-411(depopulated)-410(and)-411(decaying)-411(Greece.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.474 3.959 Td [(2115)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.423 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-411(Plutarch)-410(seems)]TJ -192.897 -13.549 Td [(to)-356(have)-356(found)-355(it)-356(easy,)-382(and)-356(even)-356(pleasant.)-567(He)-356(was)-356(too)-356(great)-355(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(allow)-415(his)-414(own)-415(scheme)-415(of)-414(life)-415(to)-415(be)-414(crossed)-415(and)-415(disturbed)-414(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vulgar)-239(opinion)-240(or)-239(ephemeral)-240(ambition.)-246(His)-240(family)-239(relations)-239(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sweet)-402(and)-402(happy.)-707(His)-402(married)-402(life)-402(realised)-402(the)-402(highest)-402(ideals)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-407(happy)-406(wedlock.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 84.31 3.959 Td [(2116)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.293 -3.959 Td [(He)-407(had)-406(the)-407(respectful)-407(affection)-406(of)-407(his)]TJ -108.603 -13.549 Td [(brothers)-258(and)-258(older)-258(kinsmen.)-274(The)-258(petty)-258(magistracies,)-260(in)-258(which)-257(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-375(it)-375(a)-375(duty)-375(to)-376(serve)-375(his)-375(native)-375(town,)-406(were)-375(dignified)-375(in)-375(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([403])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(eyes)-322(by)-322(the)-322(thought)-321(that)-322(Epameinondas)-322(had)-322(once)-322(been)-321(charged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-341(the)-341(cleansing)-340(of)-341(the)-341(streets)-341(of)-340(Thebes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 193.565 3.958 Td [(2117)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.137 -3.958 Td [(His)-341(priesthood)]TJ -215.702 -13.55 Td [(of)-373(Apollo)-373(at)-373(Delphi)-373(was)-373(probably)-373(far)-373(more)-373(attractive)-373(than)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-395(honours)-395(which,)-430(according)-395(to)-395(legend,)-431(were)-395(offered)-394(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-401(by)-402(Trajan)-401(and)-401(Hadrian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.487 3.959 Td [(2118)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.118 -3.959 Td [(To)-401(his)-402(historic)-401(and)-401(religious)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 187.24 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 180.427 Td [(2113)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.186 0 Td [(De)-408(Curios.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.428 0 Td [(c.)-724(15,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.933 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.298 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.204 0 Td [(\300\277\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.461 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.204 0 Td [(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(\316\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.109 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.445 0 Td [(\264\271\261\273\265\263\277\274\255\275\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.675 0 Td [(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(\277\315\303\304\271\272\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -248.144 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\272\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.339 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.911 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\255\272\304\265\271\275\265)-250(\224\277\274\271\304\271\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 66.683 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\272\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.324 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\304\277)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.725 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -180.91 -7.31 Td [(2114)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.883 0 Td [(De)-285(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.733 0 Td [(c.)-356(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.101 0 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.191 0 Td [(i.)-356(9;)-302(v.)-356(7,)-294(\247)-285(10;)-303(viii.)-355(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 85.181 0 Td [(De)-285(Cohib.)-356(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.321 0 Td [(,)-294(c.)-356(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -259.366 -10.959 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.182 0 Td [(ii.)-352(3;)-302(i.)-352(5;)-301(cf.)-353(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.86 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.752 0 Td [(i.)-352(9;)-302(iv.)-352(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.626 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.751 0 Td [(i.)-352(13;)-302(iv.)-352(4;)-301(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.952 0 Td [(Agr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.239 0 Td [(c.)-352(2;)-302(cf.)]TJ -252.362 -10.959 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.079 -7.394 Td [(2115)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(For)-319(a)-319(description)-319(of)-319(this)-319(society,)-336(see)-319(Mahaffy)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 166.845 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 6.347 0 Td [(Greek)-319(World)-319(under)-319(Rom.)]TJ -188.134 -10.959 Td [(Sway)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(xliv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -21.667 -7.311 Td [(2116)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Consol.)-250(ad)-250(Ux.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 56.039 0 Td [(c.)-250(iv.)-250(x.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.383 0 Td [(Conj.)-250(Praec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.817 0 Td [(c.)-250(xliv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -168.871 -7.31 Td [(2117)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Praec.)-250(Ger.)-250(Reipub.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 74.205 0 Td [(c.)-250(15;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.876 0 Td [(vi.)-250(8,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -173.328 -7.311 Td [(2118)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.123 0 Td [(An)-368(Seni)-369(Sit)-368(Ger.)-606(Resp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 89.369 0 Td [(c.)-605(17,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 26.428 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\270\254)-368(\274\265)-369(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.529 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.58 0 Td [(\240\305\270\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.296 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.58 0 Td [(\273\265\271\304\277\305\301\263\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.013 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\261)]TJ -267.521 -10.959 Td [(\300\277\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.651 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-250(\300\305\270\271\254\264\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.64 0 Td [(.)-250(Suidas,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 32.88 0 Td [(\240\273\277\315\304\261\301\307\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.715 0 Td [(:)-250(cf.)-250(Volkmann,)-250(p.)-250(91.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2188 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2189 0 R /Resources 2187 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2186 0 R >> endobj 2190 0 obj << /D [2188 0 R /XYZ 203.535 270.11 null] >> endobj 2187 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2193 0 obj << /Length 5513 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(489)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(imagination)-352(the)-353(ancient)-352(shrine)-353(which)-352(looked)-352(down)-353(on)-352(the)-352(gulf)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-377(the)-377(foot)-377(of)-376(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.087 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Shining)-377(Rocks,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 68.06 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.955 0 Td [(was)-377(sacred)-377(as)-377(no)-376(other)]TJ -176.946 -13.549 Td [(spot)-242(on)-241(earth.)-247(Although)-242(in)-242(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.93 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-242(day)-241(Delphi)-242(had)-241(declined)-242(in)]TJ -156.562 -13.549 Td [(splendour)-237(and)-237(fame,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.486 3.958 Td [(2119)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.054 -3.958 Td [(it)-237(was)-237(still)-237(surrounded)-237(with)-238(the)-237(glamour)]TJ -107.54 -13.55 Td [(of)-392(immemorial)-391(sanctity)-392(and)-391(power.)-675(It)-391(was)-392(still)-391(the)-392(spot)-391(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-192(divine)-193(voices)-192(of)-193(warning)-192(or)-192(counsel)-193(had)-192(issued)-193(to)-192(the)-192(kings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-174(Lydia,)-189(to)-174(chiefs)-173(of)-174(wild)-174(hordes)-174(upon)-173(the)-174(Strymon,)-189(to)-174(the)-173(envoys)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-265(the)-266(Roman)-265(Tarquins,)-270(to)-265(every)-265(city)-266(of)-265(Hellenic)-266(name)-265(from)-265(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Euxine)-340(to)-340(the)-340(Atlantic.)-521(We)-340(can)-340(still)-340(almost)-340(make)-340(the)-340(round)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-430(antiquarian)-429(treasures)-430(under)-430(his)-430(genial)-429(guidance.)-789(Probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-235(happiest)-236(hours)-235(were)-236(spent)-235(in)-235(accompanying)-236(a)-235(party)-235(of)]TJ -39.993 -13.549 Td [(visitors,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.855 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(a)-321(professor)-322(on)-321(his)-322(way)-321(home)-322(from)-321(Britain)-322(to)-321(Tarsus,)]TJ -45.764 -13.549 Td [(a)-352(Spartan)-352(traveller)-351(just)-352(returned)-352(from)-352(far)-352(Indian)-351(seas,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 239.427 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(around)]TJ -250.336 -13.549 Td [(those)-436(sacred)-436(scenes;)-529(we)-436(can)-436(hear)-436(the)-436(debate)-436(on)-436(the)-436(doubtful)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(quality)-262(of)-262(Delphic)-262(verse)-263(or)-262(the)-262(sources)-262(of)-262(its)-262(inspiration:)-274(we)-262(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(watch)-384(them)-384(pause)-384(to)-384(recall)-384(the)-384(story)-384(of)-384(mouldering)-384(bronze)-384(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(marble,)-250(and)-250(wake)-250(the)-250(echoes)-250(of)-250(a)-250(thousand)-250(years.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.695 3.959 Td [(2120)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -203.739 -18.856 Td [(Plutarch)-246(must)-247(have)-246(been)-246(a)-247(swift)-246(and)-246(indefatigable)-246(worker,)-247(for)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(his)-383(production)-384(is)-383(almost)-383(on)-384(the)-383(scale)-383(of)-384(Varro,)-416(Cicero,)-417(or)-383(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elder)-327(Pliny.)-482(Yet)-328(he)-327(found)-327(time)-328(for)-327(pleasant)-327(visits)-328(to)-327(every)-327(part)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-406(Greece)-406(which)-406(had)-406(tales)-406(or)-406(treasures)-406(for)-406(the)-406(antiquary.)-717(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enjoyed)-351(the)-351(friendship)-351(of)-350(the)-351(brightest)-351(intellects)-351(of)-351(the)-350(day,)-376(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Herodes)-399(Atticus,)-437(the)-399(millionaire)-400(rhetorician,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.621 3.959 Td [(2121)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.202 -3.959 Td [(of)-399(Favorinus,)]TJ -220.823 -13.549 Td [(the)-411(great)-410(sophist)-411(of)-410(Gaul,)-451(the)-410(intimate)-411(friend)-410(of)-411(Herodes)-410(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-493(counsellor)-492(of)-493(the)-492(Emperor)-493(Hadrian,)-553(of)-492(Ammonius,)-553(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-392(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.598 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-392(tutor;)-462(of)-392(many)-392(others,)-427(noted)-392(in)-392(their)-391(time,)-428(but)]TJ -61.231 -13.549 Td [(who)-443(are)-443(mere)-442(shadows)-443(to)-443(us.)-828(They)-443(met)-443(in)-443(a)-443(convivial)-442(way)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-422(many)-421(places,)-465(at)-421(Chaeronea,)-465(at)-422(Hyampolis,)-464(at)-422(Eleusis)-421(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-321(Mysteries,)-338(at)-321(Patrae,)-338(at)-321(Corinth)-320(during)-321(the)-321(Isthmian)-320(games,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([404])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(at)-482(Thermopylae,)-539(and)-481(Athens)-482(in)-482(the)-481(house)-482(of)-481(Ammonius,)-539(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-464(Aedepsus,)-518(the)-464(Baden)-464(of)-464(Euboea,)-518(where)-464(in)-464(the)-464(springtime)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(2119)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Orac.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.036 0 Td [(c.)-250(v.)-250(viii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.731 -7.31 Td [(2120)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(ii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2121)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Trench,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.876 0 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.382 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(22;)-250(Volkmann,)-250(p.)-250(58.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2192 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2193 0 R /Resources 2191 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2186 0 R >> endobj 2194 0 obj << /D [2192 0 R /XYZ 238.292 137.45 null] >> endobj 2191 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2197 0 obj << /Length 10066 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(490)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(people)-327(found)-327(pleasant)-328(lodgings)-327(and)-327(brisk)-327(intercourse)-327(to)-327(relieve)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-229(monotony)-229(of)-230(attendance)-229(at)-229(the)-229(baths.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.277 3.959 Td [(2122)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.09 -3.959 Td [(Plutarch)-229(had)-229(a)-229(large)]TJ -194.367 -13.549 Td [(circle)-454(of)-454(relatives,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.914 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(his)-454(grandfather)-454(Lamprias,)-506(who)-454(had)-454(tales)]TJ -93.823 -13.549 Td [(from)-222(an)-223(actual)-222(witness)-222(of)-222(the)-223(revels)-222(of)-222(Antony)-222(at)-223(Alexandria;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2123)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Lamprias)-320(his)-319(elder)-320(brother,)-337(a)-320(true)-319(Boeotian)-320(in)-320(his)-319(love)-320(of)-319(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fare,)-303(a)-292(war-dance,)-302(and)-292(a)-293(jest;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.621 3.959 Td [(2124)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.854 -3.959 Td [(his)-292(younger)-292(brother)-292(Timon,)-303(to)]TJ -147.475 -13.549 Td [(whom)-202(Plutarch)-201(was)-202(devotedly)-202(att)1(ached.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.496 3.959 Td [(2125)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.99 -3.959 Td [(His)-202(ordinary)-201(society,)]TJ -190.486 -13.549 Td [(not)-293(very)-293(distinguished)-292(socially,)-304(was)-293(composed)-293(of)-292(grammarians,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rhetoricians,)-537(country)-479(doctors,)-537(the)-479(best)-479(that)-480(the)-479(district)-479(could)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(afford.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.379 3.959 Td [(2126)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.872 -3.959 Td [(The)-516(talk)-516(is)-516(often)-516(on)-516(the)-516(most)-516(trivial)-516(or)-516(absurd)]TJ -57.251 -13.549 Td [(subjects,)-356(though)-334(not)-335(more)-334(absurdly)-335(trivial)-334(than)-335(those)-334(on)-334(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-302(polished)-302(sophist)-302(displayed)-301(his)-302(graces)-302(in)-302(the)-302(lecture-hall.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2127)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Yet)-202(graver)-202(and)-202(more)-202(serious)-202(themes)-202(are)-202(not)-202(excluded,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.596 3.959 Td [(2128)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.747 -3.959 Td [(and)-202(the)]TJ -249.343 -13.549 Td [(table-talk)-214(of)-213(Greece)-214(in)-214(the)-213(end)-214(of)-213(the)-214(first)-214(century)-213(is)-214(invaluable)-213(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-206(student)-206(of)-206(society.)-235(In)-206(such)-206(scenes)-206(Plutarch)-206(not)-206(only)-205(cultivated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(friendship,)-447(the)-408(great)-407(art)-408(of)-407(life,)-447(not)-408(only)-408(watched)-407(the)-408(play)-407(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intellect)-447(and)-447(character;)-545(he)-447(also)-447(found)-447(relief)-447(from)-447(the)-446(austere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(labours)-409(which)-408(have)-409(made)-408(his)-409(fame.)-726(It)-408(is)-409(surely)-408(not)-409(the)-408(least)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(his)-325(titles)-324(to)-324(greatness)-325(that,)-343(in)-324(an)-324(environment)-325(which)-324(to)-324(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-383(of)-382(talent)-383(would)-383(have)-383(been)-382(infinitely)-383(depressing,)-416(with)-382(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(irrepressible)-211(vitality)-210(of)-211(genius)-210(he)-210(contrived)-211(to)-210(idealise)-211(the)-210(society)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(decaying)-250(Greece)-250(by)-250(linking)-250(it)-250(with)-250(the)-250(past.)]TJ 11.956 -18.77 Td [(And,)-249(with)-250(such)-249(a)-250(power)-249(of)-249(reviving)-250(the)-249(past,)-250(even)-249(the)-249(dulness)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 198.359 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 191.547 Td [(2122)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.448 0 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.379 0 Td [(ii.)-419(2,)-320(\247)-306(1)-306(\050Eleusis\051;)-334(v.)-419(8,)-320(\247)-306(1)-307(\050Athens\051;)-334(i.)-418(10,)-321(\247)-306(1;)-334(ii.)-419(1,)-320(\247)-306(1)]TJ -64.783 -10.959 Td [(\050Patrae\051;)-285(iii.)-321(1,)-279(\247)-274(1;)-285(iv.)-321(4,)-279(\247)-274(1)-274(\050Aedepsus\051,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 152.5 0 Td [(\307\311\301\257\277\275)-274(\272\261\304\265\303\272\265\305\261\303\274\255\275\277\275)-273(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 101.159 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\256\303\265\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -256.295 -10.959 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.711 0 Td [(\274\254\273\271\303\304\261)-315(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 36.878 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.809 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.786 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.459 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.288 0 Td [(\307\311\301\257\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\272\274\254\266\277\275\304\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.504 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\261\301\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.117 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.065 0 Td [(\300\277\273\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.115 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.459 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301)-315(\254\306\271\272\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.756 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\261\271)]TJ -264.885 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.844 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\301\261\275)-256(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.545 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\314\270\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.431 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.554 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.934 0 Td [(\303\305\275\277\305\303\257\261\302)-256(\300\277\271\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.258 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\261\271)-256(\274\265\304)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 30.498 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.284 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\256\273\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.112 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.844 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\306\270\314\275\277\271\302)-256(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.98 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.922 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.388 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\300\273\265\257\303\304\261\302)-250(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.37 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\273\314\263\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.37 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\303\307\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.843 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\264\271\261\304\301\271\262)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.781 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\277\305\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.291 0 Td [(:)-250(cf.)-250(Volkmann,)-250(p.)-250(57.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -203.559 -7.31 Td [(2123)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Vit.)-658(Anton.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.723 0 Td [(c.)-658(28,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 27.091 0 Td [(\264\271\267\263\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.744 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\277)-386(\263\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.505 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.006 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.832 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-386(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.861 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.736 0 Td [(\300\254\300\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.857 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.736 0 Td [(\233\261\274\300\301\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.513 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.167 0 Td [(\246\271\273\316\304\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.191 0 Td [(A)]TJ -276.165 -10.959 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.999 0 Td [(\274\306\271\303\303\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.527 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.541 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\261\304\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.849 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-210(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.307 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-210(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.605 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.429 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.429 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.999 0 Td [(\273\265\276\261\275\264\301\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.027 0 Td [(\326\263)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.227 0 Td [(\304\314\304\265)-210(\274\261\275\270\254\275\311\275)-210(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 62.199 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.789 0 Td [(\275)-210(\304\255\307\275\267\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.288 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.196 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -281.128 -7.311 Td [(2124)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(ii.)-250(2,)-250(\247)-250(1;)-250(ix.)-250(15,)-250(\247)-250(1;)-250(viii.)-250(6,)-250(\247)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -46.57 -7.394 Td [(2125)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Fr.)-250(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(c.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.276 -7.311 Td [(2126)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(iv.)-250(1,)-250(1;)-250(iv.)-250(4,)-250(1;)-250(v.)-250(10,)-250(1;)-250(v.)-250(5,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -46.57 -7.31 Td [(2127)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ix.)-250(4,)-250(\247)-250(1;)-250(Mahaffy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.722 0 Td [(Greek)-250(World)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.562 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(etc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.938 0 Td [(p.)-250(338.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -164.352 -7.311 Td [(2128)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(viii.)-250(2;)-250(viii.)-250(7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2196 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2197 0 R /Resources 2195 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2186 0 R >> endobj 2195 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2200 0 obj << /Length 7465 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(491)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-257(the)-258(little)-257(Boeotian)-258(town)-257(was)-258(easily)-257(tolerable.)-273(We)-257(can)-257(imagine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)-186(looking)-187(down)-186(the)-187(quiet)-186(street)-187(in)-186(the)-187(still)-186(vacant)-186(noontide,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-322(he)-322(sat)-321(trying)-322(to)-322(revive)-322(the)-322(ancient)-321(glories)-322(of)-322(his)-322(race,)-340(and)-321(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(match)-311(them)-310(with)-311(their)-311(conquerors,)-326(while)-310(he)-311(reminded)-311(the)-310(lords)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-224(the)-224(world,)-229(who,)-229(in)-223(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 129.278 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-224(early)-224(youth,)-229(seemed)-223(to)-224(be)-224(wildly)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.113 0 Td [([405])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(squandering)-312(their)-312(heritage,)-328(of)-312(the)-312(stern,)-327(simple)-312(virtue)-312(by)-312(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-294(had)-294(been)-294(won.)-383(For)-294(in)-294(the)-294(Lives)-294(of)-294(great)-294(Greeks)-294(and)-294(Romans,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-386(moral)-387(interest)-386(is)-386(the)-386(most)-387(prominent.)-659(It)-386(is)-386(biography,)-420(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(history,)-426(which)-390(Plutarch)-391(is)-391(writing.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.004 3.958 Td [(2129)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.769 -3.958 Td [(Setting)-391(and)-390(scenery)-391(of)]TJ -178.773 -13.55 Td [(course)-316(there)-315(must)-316(be;)-349(but)-315(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.709 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-316(chief)-315(object)-316(is)-316(to)-315(paint)-316(the)]TJ -156.342 -13.549 Td [(character)-375(of)-374(the)-375(great)-375(actors)-375(on)-374(the)-375(stage.)-624(Hence)-375(he)-375(may)-374(slur)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(over)-394(or)-395(omit)-394(historic)-394(facts)-395(of)-394(wider)-394(interest,)-431(while)-394(he)-394(records)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apparently)-226(trivial)-226(incidents)-226(or)-226(sayings)-226(which)-226(light)-226(up)-226(a)-226(character.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-283(Plutarch)-283(has)-283(a)-283(fine)-283(eye)-283(both)-283(for)-283(lively)-283(social)-283(scenes)-283(and)-282(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-347(crises)-346(of)-347(history.)-540(The)-346(description)-347(of)-346(the)-347(feverish)-346(activity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-381(swarming)-381(industry)-381(in)-381(the)-381(great)-381(days)-381(of)-381(Pheidias)-381(at)-381(Athens,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-302(read,)-315(can)-302(never)-302(be)-302(forgotten.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.105 3.959 Td [(2130)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.869 -3.959 Td [(Equally)-302(indelible)-302(are)-302(the)]TJ -171.974 -13.549 Td [(pictures)-335(of)-334(the)-335(younger)-334(Cato)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.911 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-335(last)-334(morning,)-356(as)-334(he)-335(finished)-334(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -131.543 -13.549 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.328 0 Td [(,)-494(and)-446(the)-446(birds)-445(began)-446(to)-445(twitter,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.076 3.958 Td [(2131)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.833 -3.958 Td [(of)-446(the)-445(flight)-446(and)]TJ -204.237 -13.55 Td [(murder)-344(of)-345(Pompey,)-367(of)-345(the)-344(suicide)-344(of)-344(Otho)-345(on)-344(the)-344(ghastly)-344(field)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(Bedriacum,)-343(which)-324(seemed)-324(to)-324(atone)-324(for)-323(an)-324(evil)-324(life.)-472(Nor)-324(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(we)-339(forget)-338(his)-339(description)-338(of)-339(one)-338(of)-339(the)-338(saddest)-339(of)-338(all)-339(scenes)-338(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-416(history,)-457(which)-416(moved)-416(even)-416(Thucydides)-416(to)-416(a)-415(restrained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pathos,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 31.211 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-223(retreat)-223(of)-223(the)-223(Athenians)-223(from)-223(the)-223(walls)-223(of)-223(Syracuse.)]TJ -30.164 -18.228 Td [(Plutarch)-461(was)-461(before)-460(all)-461(else)-461(a)-461(moralist,)-513(with)-461(a)-461(genius)-460(for)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(religion.)-285(His)-262(ethical)-262(treatises)-261(deserve)-262(to)-262(be)-262(thoroughly)-261(explored,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-503(as)-503(sympathetically)-503(expounded,)-567(for)-503(the)-503(light)-503(which)-503(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throw)-473(on)-473(the)-472(moral)-473(aspirations)-473(of)-473(the)-473(age,)-528(as)-473(Dr.)-918(Mahaffy)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 131.879 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.067 Td [(2129)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Vit.)-975(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.033 0 Td [(c.)-975(1,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 26.642 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\265)-492(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.289 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.693 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\304\277\301\257\261\302)-492(\263\301\254\306\277\274\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 73.293 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.117 0 Td [(\262\257\277\305\302)-491(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.643 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\265)-492(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.593 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\300\271\306\261\275\265\303\304\254\304\261\271\302)-214(\300\301\254\276\265\303\271)-214(\300\254\275\304\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 115.646 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\265\303\304\271)-214(\264\256\273\311\303\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 53.605 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\265\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.907 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.579 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.71 0 Td [(\272\261\272\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.854 0 Td [(.)-238(So)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.766 0 Td [(Vit.)-238(Nic.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -251.093 -10.959 Td [(c.)-374(1,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 19.004 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.157 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.158 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\307\301\267\303\304\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.196 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\270\301\277\257\266\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.873 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\304\277\301\257\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.394 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.319 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-291(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.16 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-291(\272\261\304\261\275\314\267\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 51.992 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\270\277\305\302)]TJ -263.486 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\304\301\314\300\277\305)-250(\300\261\301\261\264\271\264\277\315\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 70.888 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -87.785 -7.31 Td [(2130)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Vit.)-250(Pericl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.344 0 Td [(c.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.039 -7.311 Td [(2131)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Vit.)-250(Cat.)-250(Min.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.314 0 Td [(c.)-250(70.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2199 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2200 0 R /Resources 2198 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2186 0 R >> endobj 2201 0 obj << /D [2199 0 R /XYZ 186.367 463.978 null] >> endobj 2202 0 obj << /D [2199 0 R /XYZ 131.817 88.381 null] >> endobj 2198 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2205 0 obj << /Length 4828 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(492)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(has)-353(skilfully)-353(used)-353(them)-353(for)-352(pictures)-353(of)-353(its)-353(social)-353(life.)-559(He)-352(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-373(a)-373(very)-373(unimaginative)-373(person)-373(who)-373(cannot)-373(feel)-373(the)-373(charm)-373(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-306(revelation.)-418(But)-306(the)-306(man)-306(of)-306(purely)-306(speculative)-306(interest)-306(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-420(be)-420(disappointed.)-759(Plutarch)-420(is)-420(not)-420(an)-420(original)-419(thinker)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-374(morals)-375(or)-374(religion.)-624(He)-374(has)-374(no)-375(new)-374(gospel)-375(to)-374(expound.)-623(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(does)-332(not)-331(go)-332(to)-332(the)-331(roots)-332(of)-332(conduct)-331(or)-332(faith.)-495(Possessing)-332(a)-331(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wide)-353(knowledge)-353(of)-352(past)-353(speculation,)-378(he)-353(might)-353(have)-353(written)-352(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(invaluable)-356(history)-357(of)-356(ancient)-357(philosophy.)-569(But)-356(he)-357(has)-356(not)-356(done)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it.)-733(And,)-451(as)-411(a)-411(man)-411(of)-411(genius,)-451(with)-411(a)-411(strong)-411(practical)-410(purpose)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-473(do)-472(moral)-473(good)-472(to)-473(his)-472(fellows,)-528(his)-473(choice)-472(of)-473(his)-472(vocation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-357(be)-356(accepted)-357(without)-357(cavil.)-570(He)-356(was)-357(the)-357(greatest)-356(Hellenist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-410(his)-409(day,)-450(when)-410(Hellenism)-410(was)-409(capturing)-410(the)-410(Roman)-409(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([406])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(He)-461(was)-461(al)1(so)-461(a)-461(man)-461(of)-460(high)-461(moral)-461(ideals,)-513(sincere)-461(piety,)-513(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absorbing)-488(interest)-488(in)-488(the)-488(fate)-488(of)-488(human)-488(character.)-964(With)-488(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-376(wealth)-376(of)-376(learning,)-408(philosophic)-376(or)-376(historical,)-408(with)-376(all)-376(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knowledge)-340(of)-340(human)-340(nature,)-363(what)-340(nobler)-340(task)-340(could)-340(a)-340(man)-340(set)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-434(than)-434(to)-434(attempt)-433(to)-434(give)-434(some)-434(practical)-434(guidance)-434(to)-433(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generation)-235(conscious)-235(of)-235(moral)-235(weakness,)-238(and)-235(distracted)-234(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-260(spiritual)-259(ideals)-260(and)-260(the)-260(mythologies)-259(of)-260(the)-260(past?)-279(The)-259(urgent)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(need)-395(for)-394(moral)-395(culture)-395(and)-394(reform)-395(of)-394(character,)-431(for)-395(a)-394(guiding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-405(in)-405(conduct,)-444(was)-405(profoundly)-406(felt)-405(by)-405(all)-405(the)-405(great)-405(serious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(minds)-301(of)-301(the)-301(Flavian)-301(age,)-314(by)-301(Pliny)-301(and)-301(Tacitus,)-314(by)-301(Juvenal)-301(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Quintilian.)-410(But)-304(Plutarch)-303(probably)-303(felt)-304(it)-303(more)-304(acutely)-303(than)-303(any,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-419(took)-419(endless)-419(pains)-419(to)-419(satisfy)-419(it.)-757(It)-419(was)-419(an)-419(age)-419(when)-419(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(philosophic)-369(director)-369(and)-369(the)-368(philosophic)-369(preacher)-369(were,)-399(as)-368(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-364(seen,)-392(to)-364(be)-364(met)-364(with)-364(everywhere.)-592(And)-364(Plutarch)-364(took)-363(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(full)-295(share)-296(in)-295(the)-296(movement,)-307(and)-295(influenced)-295(a)-296(wide)-295(circle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.712 3.959 Td [(2132)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.653 -3.959 Td [(If)]TJ -273.365 -13.549 Td [(he)-351(did)-351(not)-351(el)1(aborate)-351(an)-351(original)-351(ethical)-351(system,)-376(he)-351(had)-350(studied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(closely)-382(the)-382(art)-382(of)-382(moral)-382(reform,)-415(and)-382(Christian)-382(homilists,)-415(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Basil)-323(to)-323(Jeremy)-323(Taylor,)-341(have)-323(drawn)-323(freely)-323(from)-323(the)-322(storehouse)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-327(his)-327(precept)-327(and)-327(observation.)-481(In)-327(many)-327(tracts)-327(he)-327(has)-327(analysed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prevailing)-288(vices)-287(and)-288(faults)-288(of)-287(his)-288(time,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 169.416 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(flattery,)-297(vain)-288(curiosity,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 69.951 Td [(2132)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.373 0 Td [(Morale)-250(de)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.775 0 Td [(pp.)-250(36,)-250(52,)-250(67.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2204 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2205 0 R /Resources 2203 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2186 0 R >> endobj 2206 0 obj << /D [2204 0 R /XYZ 292.208 369.134 null] >> endobj 2203 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2209 0 obj << /Length 6291 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(493)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(irritable)-352(temper,)-377(or)-352(false)-352(modesty,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.574 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(and)-352(given)-352(rules)-352(for)-352(curing)]TJ -163.483 -13.549 Td [(or)-233(avoiding)-234(them.)-244(In)-234(these)-233(homilies,)-237(the)-234(fundamental)-233(principle)-233(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-194(of)-194(Musonius,)-206(perhaps)-194(adapted)-194(from)-194(an)-194(oracle)-194(to)-194(the)-194(people)-194(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cirrha)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.831 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(to)-271(wage)-271(war)-271(with)-271(vice)-271(day)-272(and)-271(night,)-276(and)-271(never)-271(to)-271(relax)]TJ -35.674 -13.55 Td [(your)-403(guard.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.958 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2133)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.832 -3.959 Td [(The)-403(call)-403(to)-402(reform)-403(sounded)-403(all)-403(the)-402(louder)-403(in)]TJ -77.633 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-223(ears)-223(because)-223(of)-224(the)-223(high)-223(ideal)-223(which)-223(he)-223(had)-223(conceived)]TJ -39.993 -13.549 Td [(of)-448(what)-447(life)-447(might)-448(be)-447(made)-448(if,)-497(no)-447(longer)-448(left)-447(to)-448(the)-447(play)-447(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passion)-397(and)-397(random)-396(influences,)-434(character)-397(were)-397(moulded)-396(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(early)-235(youth)-234(to)-235(a)-234(temperate)-235(harmony.)-245(To)-234(such)-235(a)-234(soul)-235(each)-234(passing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(day)-210(might)-211(be)-210(a)-211(glad)-210(festival,)-219(the)-210(universe)-211(an)-210(august)-211(temple)-210(full)-210(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-293(Maker)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.982 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-293(glories,)-304(and)-294(life)-293(an)-293(initiation)-294(into)-293(the)-293(joy)-293(of)-294(its)-293(holy)]TJ -45.615 -13.549 Td [(mysteries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.542 3.959 Td [(2134)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -32.586 -22.082 Td [(In)-419(the)-420(work)-419(of)-419(moral)-420(and)-419(religious)-419(reconstruction)-419(Plutarch)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(and)-365(his)-364(contemporaries)-365(could)-365(only)-365(rely)-364(on)-365(philosophy)-365(as)-364(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guide.)-413(Philosophy)-305(to)-304(Plutarch,)-318(Apollonius,)-318(or)-305(M.)-304(Aurelius,)-318(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-289(very)-288(different)-289(meaning)-288(from)-289(what)-289(it)-288(bore)-289(to)-288(the)-289(great)-288(thinkers)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([407])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(of)-315(Ionia)-314(and)-315(Magna)-315(Graecia.)-444(Not)-315(only)-315(had)-314(it)-315(deserted)-315(the)-314(field)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-487(metaphysical)-488(speculation;)-606(it)-487(had)-487(lost)-488(interest)-487(even)-487(in)-487(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mere)-396(theory)-396(of)-396(morals.)-688(It)-396(had)-396(become)-396(the)-396(art)-396(rather)-395(than)-396(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(science)-434(of)-433(life.)-802(The)-433(teacher)-434(of)-434(an)-433(art)-434(cannot)-434(indeed)-433(entirely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divorce)-306(it)-306(from)-307(all)-306(scientific)-306(theory.)-419(The)-306(relative)-306(importance)-306(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(practical)-408(precept)-409(and)-408(ethical)-409(theory)-408(was)-408(often)-409(debated)-408(in)-408(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age.)-577(But)-358(the)-359(tendency)-359(was)-359(undoubtedly)-359(to)-359(subordinate)-358(dogma)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-353(edification.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.723 3.959 Td [(2135)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.536 -3.959 Td [(And)-353(where)-353(dogma)-353(was)-353(needed)-353(for)-353(practical)]TJ -84.259 -13.549 Td [(effect,)-212(it)-202(might)-202(be)-202(drawn)-202(from)-202(the)-202(most)-202(opposite)-202(quarters.)-234(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(delights)-353(in)-354(rounding)-353(off)-353(a)-353(letter)-353(by)-354(a)-353(quotation)-353(from)-353(Epicurus.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(M.)-392(Aurelius)-393(appeals)-392(both)-392(to)-392(the)-392(example)-393(of)-392(Epicurus)-392(and)-392(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(teaching)-330(of)-330(Plato.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.407 3.959 Td [(2136)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.789 -3.959 Td [(Man)-330(might)-330(toy)-330(with)-331(cosmic)-330(speculation;)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.311 Td [(2133)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(A.)-250(Gell.)-250(xviii.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2134)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.114 0 Td [(De)-294(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.887 0 Td [(c.)-381(xx.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.269 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\301)-294(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(r)-294(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.107 0 Td [(\263\261\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.44 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-294(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.757 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.179 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.173 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274\255\301\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.772 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\277\301\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.607 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.18 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\263\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.025 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\261\271~)]TJ -267.378 -10.959 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -15.902 -7.394 Td [(2135)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.44 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.947 0 Td [(88,)-320(ad)-306(virtutem)-306(nihil)-306(conferunt)-306(liberalia)-306(studia;)-334(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 186.701 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.948 0 Td [(94,)-320(95,)-320(\247)]TJ -247.992 -10.959 Td [(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2136)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(vii.)-250(35;)-250(ix.)-250(41;)-250(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 113.577 0 Td [(Frag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(lii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2208 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2209 0 R /Resources 2207 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2211 0 R >> endobj 2210 0 obj << /D [2208 0 R /XYZ 292.252 310.364 null] >> endobj 2207 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2214 0 obj << /Length 5246 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(494)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-433(Timaeus)-432(had)-433(many)-433(commentators)-433(in)-432(the)-433(first)-433(and)-432(second)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(centuries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.109 3.959 Td [(2137)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.122 -3.959 Td [(But,)-240(for)-238(Plutarch)-238(and)-238(his)-238(contemporaries,)-241(the)-238(great)]TJ -61.231 -13.549 Td [(task)-227(of)-227(philosophy)-228(was)-227(to)-227(bring)-227(some)-227(sort)-228(of)-227(order)-227(into)-227(the)-227(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-402(religious)-402(chaos.)-706(It)-402(was)-402(not)-402(original)-402(thought)-402(or)-401(discovery)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-336(was)-335(needed,)-357(but)-335(the)-336(application)-336(of)-335(reason,)-357(cultivated)-335(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-413(study)-414(of)-413(the)-413(past,)-454(to)-414(the)-413(moral)-413(and)-414(religious)-413(problems)-413(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-333(present.)-497(The)-333(philosopher)-332(sometimes,)-354(to)-332(our)-333(eyes,)-353(seems)-332(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trifle)-359(with)-358(the)-359(smallest)-358(details)-358(of)-359(exterior)-358(deportment)-359(or)-358(idiom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-438(dress;)-531(he)-438(gives)-437(precepts)-438(about)-437(the)-438(rearing)-437(of)-438(children;)-531(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(occupies)-230(himself)-230(with)-229(curious)-230(questions)-230(of)-230(ritual)-230(and)-229(antiquarian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interest.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.844 3.959 Td [(2138)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.024 -3.959 Td [(These)-211(seeming)-211(degradations)-211(of)-211(a)-212(great)-211(mission,)-219(after)]TJ -53.868 -13.549 Td [(all,)-281(only)-275(emphasise)-274(the)-275(fact)-275(that)-274(philosophy)-275(was)-275(now)-274(concerned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-386(human)-387(life)-386(rather)-387(than)-386(with)-386(the)-387(problems)-386(of)-386(speculation.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-308(had)-309(in)-308(fact)-309(become)-308(an)-309(all-embracing)-308(religion.)-426(It)-308(supplied)-308(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(medicine)-265(for)-266(moral)-265(disease;)-273(it)-265(furnished)-266(the)-265(rational)-265(criterion)-265(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(all)-250(myth)-250(and)-250(ritual)-250(must)-250(be)-250(judged)-250(or)-250(explained.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.767 3.959 Td [(2139)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -226.812 -18.856 Td [(Plutarch)-407(was)-406(an)-407(eclectic)-406(in)-407(the)-406(sense)-407(that,)-445(knowing)-407(all)-407(the)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(moral)-307(systems)-308(of)-307(the)-307(past,)-322(he)-307(was)-307(ready)-307(to)-308(borrow)-307(from)-307(any)-307(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-228(principles)-229(which)-228(might)-228(give)-228(support)-228(to)-229(character.)-242(Whether,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-289(he)-290(had)-289(been)-289(born)-290(four)-289(or)-289(five)-289(hundred)-290(years)-289(earlier,)-299(he)-289(might)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-163(created)-163(or)-163(developed)-163(an)-163(original)-162(theory)-163(himself,)-181(is)-163(a)-162(question)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-259(may)-259(be)-259(variously)-260(answered.)-277(One)-259(may)-259(reasonably)-259(hesitate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-406(assent)-406(to)-406(the)-405(common)-406(opinion)-406(that)-406(Plutarch)-406(had)-406(no)-405(genius)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([408])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(for)-392(original)-392(speculation.)-677(Had)-392(he)-392(come)-392(under)-392(the)-392(influence)-392(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Socrates,)-386(it)-359(is)-359(not)-359(so)-359(certain)-359(that)-359(he)-359(might)-359(not)-359(have)-359(composed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dialogues)-242(with)-241(a)-242(certain)-242(charm)-242(of)-241(fresh)-242(dialectic)-242(and)-241(picturesque)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dramatic)-214(power.)-238(It)-213(is)-214(a)-214(little)-214(unhistorical)-214(to)-213(decry)-214(a)-214(man)-214(of)-213(genius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-297(wanting)-296(in)-297(speculative)-296(originality,)-309(who)-296(was)-297(born)-296(into)-297(an)-296(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-299(speculation)-298(had)-299(run)-298(dry,)-311(and)-299(thought)-298(was)-299(only)-298(subsidiary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-448(conduct.)-843(When)-447(the)-448(dissonant)-448(schools)-447(forsook)-448(the)-447(heights)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-438(metaphysic)-438(and)-438(cosmology)-438(to)-438(devote)-438(themselves)-438(to)-438(moral)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(2137)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.894 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Gr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.069 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(720)-250(n.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -88.658 -7.31 Td [(2138)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(A.)-250(Gell.)-250(i.)-250(10;)-250(ii.)-250(26;)-250(vii.)-250(13;)-250(xii.)-250(1;)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 157.933 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(iv.)-250(20;)-250(v.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -218.958 -7.311 Td [(2139)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Oakesmith,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.334 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(of)-250(Plutarch)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 57.035 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(64.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2213 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2214 0 R /Resources 2212 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2211 0 R >> endobj 2215 0 obj << /D [2213 0 R /XYZ 269.386 218.745 null] >> endobj 2216 0 obj << /D [2213 0 R /XYZ 219.318 66.142 null] >> endobj 2212 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2219 0 obj << /Length 5970 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(495)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(culture,)-357(an)-335(inevitable)-336(tendency)-335(to)-336(eclecticism,)-357(to)-335(a)-336(harmony)-335(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-387(theory,)-420(set)-387(in.)-659(The)-387(practical)-386(interest)-386(prevailed)-387(over)-386(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infinitely)-173(divisive)-173(forces)-173(of)-173(the)-173(speculative)-173(reason.)-224(Antiochus,)-188(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(teacher)-290(of)-291(Cicero,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.727 3.958 Td [(2140)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.716 -3.958 Td [(while)-290(he)-291(strove)-290(to)-290(re-establish)-291(Platonism,)]TJ -98.443 -13.55 Td [(maintained)-353(the)-352(essential)-353(agreement)-352(of)-353(the)-353(great)-352(schools)-353(on)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all-important)-219(questions,)-225(and)-219(freely)-218(adopted)-219(the)-219(doctrines)-219(of)-218(Zeno)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-319(Aristotle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.143 3.959 Td [(2141)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.425 -3.959 Td [(Panaetius,)-336(the)-319(chief)-319(representative)-319(of)-319(Roman)]TJ -81.568 -13.549 Td [(Stoicism)-314(in)-313(the)-314(second)-313(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 140.126 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-329(had)-314(a)-314(warm)-313(admiration)-314(for)]TJ -155.2 -13.549 Td [(Plato)-191(and)-191(Aristotle,)-202(and)-191(in)-191(some)-191(essential)-191(points)-191(forsook)-191(the)-190(older)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(teaching)-266(of)-265(the)-266(Porch.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.253 3.959 Td [(2142)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.68 -3.959 Td [(Seneca,)-270(as)-265(we)-266(have)-266(seen,)-270(often)-265(seems)]TJ -115.933 -13.549 Td [(to)-216(cling)-216(to)-216(the)-216(most)-215(hard)-216(and)-216(repellent)-216(tenets)-216(of)-216(the)-216(ancient)-215(creed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-390(a)-389(sense)-390(of)-389(practical)-390(diffi)1(culties)-390(has)-389(led)-390(him)-389(to)-390(soften)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(modify)-347(many)-346(of)-347(them)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 98.005 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-347(identity)-346(of)-347(reason)-346(and)-347(passion,)-371(the)]TJ -108.914 -13.549 Td [(indifference)-251(of)-251(so-called)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.392 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(goods,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.789 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.584 0 Td [(the)-251(necessity)-251(of)-252(instantaneous)]TJ -150.609 -13.55 Td [(conversion,)-413(the)-380(unapproachable)-381(and)-380(unassailable)-380(perfection)-380(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(wise)-298(man.)-391(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 101.96 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-297(own)-298(ethical)-297(system,)-309(so)-297(far)-297(as)-298(he)-297(has)-297(a)]TJ -105.592 -13.549 Td [(system,)-349(is)-329(a)-330(compound)-329(of)-329(Platonic)-330(and)-329(Aristotelian)-329(ideas,)-349(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-299(certain)-298(tincture)-299(of)-298(Stoicism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 130.889 3.959 Td [(2143)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.755 -3.959 Td [(Platonism,)-311(which)-298(had)-299(shaken)]TJ -151.644 -13.549 Td [(off)-466(its)-465(sceptical)-465(tendencies)-466(in)-465(the)-466(first)-465(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 219.98 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-519(had)-466(few)]TJ -235.054 -13.55 Td [(adherents)-363(at)-364(Rome)-363(in)-364(the)-363(first)-363(century)-364(of)-363(the)-363(Empire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.79 3.959 Td [(2144)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.876 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(Stoic)-320(and)-320(Epicurean)-320(systems)-320(divided)-320(the)-320(allegiance)-320(of)-320(thinking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people)-362(till)-361(the)-362(energetic)-361(revival)-362(of)-362(Hellenism)-361(set)-362(in.)-584(Epictetus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indeed)-396(speaks)-396(of)-396(women)-396(who)-396(were)-396(attracted)-396(by)-396(the)-395(supposed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(freedom)-314(of)-314(sexual)-314(relations)-313(in)-314(Plato)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 158.916 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-314(Utopia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.089 3.959 Td [(2145)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.256 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-314(often)]TJ -223.894 -13.549 Td [(refers)-404(to)-403(Plato,)-442(and)-404(was)-404(undoubtedly)-403(influenced)-404(by)-404(his)-403(spirit.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(But)-236(in)-237(the)-236(second)-236(century,)-239(the)-236(sympathetic)-237(union)-236(of)-236(Platonic)-236(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([409])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Pythagorean)-186(ideas)-186(with)-186(a)-186(vigorous)-186(religious)-186(revival)-186(became)-186(a)-186(real)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.551 Td [(2140)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(c.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.569 -7.311 Td [(2141)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.922 0 Td [(Phil.)-525(der)-342(Gr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.178 0 Td [(iii.)-525(1,)-365(p.)-525(534,)-364(in)-342(der)-341(Hauptsache)-342(die)-342(bedeutendsten)]TJ -91.055 -10.959 Td [(Philosophenschulen)-250(\374bereinstimmen,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2142)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(503.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2143)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(2,)-250(pp.)-250(144,)-250(145.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2144)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.083 0 Td [(Nat.)-267(Qu.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.08 0 Td [(vii.)-267(32,)-257(2;)-258(Academici)-256(et)-255(veteres)-256(et)-255(minores)-256(nullum)-256(antistitem)]TJ -63.118 -10.959 Td [(reliquerunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(2145)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(liii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2218 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2219 0 R /Resources 2217 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2211 0 R >> endobj 2220 0 obj << /D [2218 0 R /XYZ 46.771 179.445 null] >> endobj 2217 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2223 0 obj << /Length 7716 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(496)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(power,)-288(with)-281(momentous)-281(effects)-280(on)-281(the)-281(future)-280(of)-281(philosophy)-280(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-265(for)-265(three)-265(centuries.)-295(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 158.822 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-265(reverence)-265(for)-265(the)-265(founder)]TJ -162.455 -13.549 Td [(of)-404(the)-405(Academy,)-443(even)-404(in)-405(little)-404(things,)-443(was)-404(unbounded.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.746 3.959 Td [(2146)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.219 -3.959 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.549 Td [(became)-344(with)-343(him)-344(almost)-343(a)-344(kind)-343(of)-344(cult.)-530(And)-344(he)-343(paid)-344(the)-343(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sincere)-202(reverence)-201(to)-202(his)-201(idol)-202(by)-202(imitating,)-211(in)-202(some)-201(of)-202(his)-201(treatises,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-339(mythical)-340(colouring)-339(by)-340(which)-339(the)-340(author)-339(of)-340(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 227.847 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.03 0 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 16.862 0 Td [(Republic)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.313 0 Td [(had)-324(sought)-323(to)-324(give)-324(body)-323(and)-324(reality)-324(to)-323(the)-324(unseen)]TJ -59.175 -13.549 Td [(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.178 3.959 Td [(2147)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.637 -3.959 Td [(Plutarch)-478(condemned)-479(in)-478(very)-478(strong)-478(language)-479(the)]TJ -54.815 -13.549 Td [(coarse)-223(and)-223(sophistical)-223(modes)-223(of)-223(controversy)-223(with)-223(which)-223(the)-222(rival)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(schools)-321(assailed)-321(one)-320(another)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.233 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-321(tenets.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 35.921 3.959 Td [(2148)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.482 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-321(he)-321(can)-320(hardly)-321(be)]TJ -187.269 -13.549 Td [(acquitted)-396(of)-395(some)-396(harshness)-395(in)-395(his)-396(polemic)-395(against)-396(the)-395(Stoics)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-500(Epicureans.)-1000(Archbishop)-500(Trench,)-562(in)-500(his)-500(fascinating)-500(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sympathetic)-242(treatment)-242(of)-242(Plutarch,)-244(laments)-242(that)-242(he)-242(did)-241(not)-242(give)-242(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-241(generous)-241(recognition)-242(to)-241(that)-241(noblest)-241(and)-241(most)-241(truly)-241(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(school)-435(which)-436(was)-435(the)-435(last)-435(refuge)-436(and)-435(citadel)-435(of)-436(freedom.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2149)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(We)-371(may)-370(join)-370(the)-371(archbishop)-370(in)-371(wishing)-370(that)-371(Plutarch,)-400(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compromising)-456(principle,)-508(had)-455(been)-456(more)-456(tolerant)-456(to)-456(a)-456(system)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-306(which)-306(he)-306(had)-306(so)-305(much)-306(in)-306(common,)-320(and)-306(which,)-320(in)-306(his)-305(day,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-396(put)-395(off)-396(much)-396(of)-395(its)-396(old)-396(hardness.)-687(But)-395(he)-396(was)-395(essentially)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-357(practical)-358(man,)-384(with)-358(a)-357(definite)-357(moral)-358(aim.)-572(He)-358(took)-357(from)-357(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quarter)-439(principles)-440(which)-439(seemed)-440(to)-439(him)-440(to)-439(be)-440(true)-439(to)-439(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature,)-251(and)-251(which)-250(furnished)-251(a)-251(hopeful)-251(basis)-250(for)-251(the)-251(efforts)-251(of)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-218(teacher.)-240(But)-218(he)-219(felt)-218(equally)-218(bound)-219(to)-218(reject)-219(a)-218(system)-218(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absorbed)-267(and)-268(annihilated)-267(the)-267(emotional)-268(nature)-267(in)-267(the)-268(reason,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2150)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(which)-356(cut)-357(at)-356(the)-357(roots)-356(of)-356(moral)-357(freedom,)-383(which)-356(recognised)-356(no)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(degrees)-323(in)-323(virtue)-323(or)-323(in)-323(vice,)-341(which)-323(discouraged)-323(and)-322(contemned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-261(first)-260(faint)-261(struggles)-260(of)-261(weak)-260(humanity)-261(after)-260(a)-261(higher)-260(life,)-263(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.202 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.39 Td [(2146)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(vii.)-250(1;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.169 0 Td [(Consol.)-250(ad)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.015 0 Td [(xxxvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -134.754 -7.311 Td [(2147)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(e.g.)-250(De)-250(Gen.)-250(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.225 0 Td [(xxii.)-250(sqq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.865 0 Td [(De)-250(Ser.)-250(Num.)-250(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.973 0 Td [(xxii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -192.758 -7.31 Td [(2148)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Non)-744(posse)-743(Suav.)-1731(vivi)-744(sec.)-1731(Epic.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 157.568 0 Td [(c.)-1731(ii.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 44.488 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.375 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)-743(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.657 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\307\271\303\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -256.501 -10.959 Td [(\345)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.285 0 Td [(\256\274\261\304\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.892 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.956 0 Td [(\262\311\274\277\273\277\307\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.599 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.661 0 Td [(\273\267\272\305\270\271\303\274\277\315\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.54 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.662 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\261\266\277\275\265\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.798 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.662 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\265\304\261\271\301\256\303\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.385 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.662 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\264\301\277\306\277\275\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -237.304 -10.959 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.687 0 Td [(\303\305\275\254\263\277\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.782 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.999 0 Td [(\301\271\303\304\277\304\255\273\277\305\302)-351(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.981 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.785 0 Td [(\243\311\272\301\254\304\277\305\302)-351(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 53.449 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.784 0 Td [(\240\305\270\261\263\314\301\277\305)-351(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 53.817 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.784 0 Td [(\304\257\275\277\302)-351(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.568 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)]TJ -276.343 -10.959 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.357 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\306\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.326 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\261\304\265\303\272\255\264\261\303\261\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.068 0 Td [(:)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(Adv.)-250(Col.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.866 0 Td [(c.)-250(ii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -171.971 -7.311 Td [(2149)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Trench,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.876 0 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(p.)-250(93.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -64.001 -7.394 Td [(2150)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Virt.)-250(Mor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.054 0 Td [(c.)-250(vii.)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2222 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2223 0 R /Resources 2221 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2211 0 R >> endobj 2221 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2226 0 obj << /Length 7047 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(497)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(froze)-342(it)-341(into)-342(hopeless)-341(impotence)-342(by)-341(the)-341(remote)-342(ideal)-341(of)-342(a)-341(cold,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flawless)-219(perfection,)-225(suddenly)-219(and)-218(miraculously)-219(raised)-219(to)-219(a)-218(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(independence)-299(of)-299(all)-300(the)-299(minor)-299(blessings)-299(and)-299(helps)-299(to)-300(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2151)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Such)-350(an)-349(ideal)-350(may)-350(be)-349(magnificent,)-375(but)-350(it)-349(is)-350(not)-350(life.)-549(For)-349(man,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([410])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(constituted)-335(as)-335(he)-335(is,)-356(and)-334(placed)-335(in)-335(such)-335(an)-335(environment,)-356(it)-335(is)-334(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dangerous)-344(mental)-344(habit)-344(to)-343(train)-344(the)-344(soul)-344(to)-344(regard)-344(all)-344(things)-343(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-290(fleeting)-289(and)-290(monotonous)-289(show,)-299(to)-290(cultivate)-289(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 218.388 0 Td [(taedium)-290(vitae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 59.515 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(or)-320(a)-320(calm)-320(resignation)-320(to)-320(the)-320(littleness)-320(of)-320(man)-320(placed)-320(for)-320(a)-320(brief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(space)-355(between)-355(the)-355(two)-355(eternities.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.487 3.958 Td [(2152)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.604 -3.958 Td [(The)-355(philosophic)-355(sufferer)]TJ -171.091 -13.55 Td [(may)-305(brace)-305(himself)-305(to)-305(endure)-304(the)-305(round)-305(of)-305(human)-305(duties,)-319(and)-304(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(live)-325(for)-326(the)-325(commonwealth)-326(of)-325(man;)-363(he)-326(may)-325(he)-326(generous)-325(to)-325(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ungrateful)-330(and)-330(tolerant)-330(to)-330(the)-330(vulgar)-330(and)-330(the)-330(frivolous;)-370(he)-329(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(make)-367(his)-367(life)-367(a)-366(perpetual)-367(sacrifice)-367(to)-367(duty)-367(and)-367(the)-367(higher)-366(law,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-273(it)-274(is)-273(all)-274(the)-273(while)-274(really)-273(a)-274(pathetic)-273(protest)-274(against)-273(the)-273(pitiless)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Power)-248(which)-248(has)-248(made)-248(man)-248(so)-249(little)-248(and)-248(so)-248(great,)-248(doomed)-248(to)-248(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-339(of)-340(the)-339(leaves)-340(and)-339(the)-339(insects,)-362(yet)-339(tortured)-340(with)-339(the)-339(longing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-250(an)-250(infinite)-250(future.)]TJ 11.956 -14.429 Td [(On)-529(some)-528(great)-529(central)-529(truths,)-598(such)-529(as)-528(the)-529(inwardness)-528(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(happiness)-329(and)-328(the)-329(brotherhood)-329(of)-328(man,)-349(Plutarch)-328(and)-329(the)-328(Stoics)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-340(at)-341(one.)-521(And)-341(the)-340(general)-340(tone)-341(of)-340(his)-341(moral)-340(teaching)-340(bears)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-361(marks)-361(of)-360(Stoic)-361(influence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.481 3.959 Td [(2153)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.79 -3.959 Td [(But)-361(the)-361(Stoic)-360(psychology,)]TJ -164.271 -13.549 Td [(the)-390(Stoic)-389(fatalism)-390(and)-389(pantheism)-390(aroused)-389(all)-390(the)-389(controversial)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vehemence)-265(of)-265(Plutarch.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.027 3.959 Td [(2154)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.658 -3.959 Td [(The)-265(Stoic)-265(held)-265(the)-265(essential)-265(unity)-265(of)]TJ -122.685 -13.549 Td [(the)-288(soul,)-298(that)-289(reason)-288(and)-289(passion)-288(are)-288(not)-289(two)-288(distinct)-288(principles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-187(that)-187(passion)-186(is)-187(reason)-187(depraved)-186(and)-187(diverted)-187(to)-187(wrong)-186(objects.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-225(is)-225(the)-225(same)-225(simple,)-230(indivisible)-225(power)-225(which)-225(shifts)-225(and)-224(changes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-284(submits)-283(itself)-284(to)-283(opposing)-284(influences.)-350(Passion,)-292(in)-284(fact,)-292(is)-283(an)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.293 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.397 Td [(2151)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Adv.)-397(Stoicos)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.648 0 Td [(,)-311(c.)-397(x.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.102 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(p)-299(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.665 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.735 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.146 0 Td [(\300\267\307\315\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.635 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\255\307\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.344 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-299(\270\261\273\254\303\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.422 0 Td [(\303)-299(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.234 0 Td [(\300\271\306\261\275\265\257\261\302)]TJ -243.535 -10.959 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.614 0 Td [(%)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\304\304\277\275)-231(\300\275\257\263\265\304\261\271)-230(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 60.302 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.615 0 Td [(\272\261\304\261\264\265\264\305\272\314\304\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 57.83 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301\263\305\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.727 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-231(\300\265\275\304\261\272\277\303\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.644 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.31 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)-231(Cf.)-243(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -247.236 -10.959 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(66,)-250(\247)-250(10;)-250(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.77 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der.)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.249 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(230.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -142.203 -7.395 Td [(2152)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(ix.)-250(32;)-250(xii.)-250(32;)-250(ix.)-250(14;)-250(xi.)-250(1;)-250(vii.)-250(1;)-250(vi.)-250(46;)-250(ix.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(2153)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-262(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.318 0 Td [(c.)-286(iii.,)-265(iv.,)-265(xiv.,)-265(xvii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 76.369 0 Td [(De)-262(Cup.)-286(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.096 0 Td [(iii.,)-265(iv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.451 0 Td [(De)-262(Exil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.84 0 Td [(v.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.621 0 Td [(De)-262(Alex.)]TJ -249.65 -10.959 Td [(Virt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.434 0 Td [(c.)-250(vi.;)-250(ad)-250(init.;)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1.)-250(p.)-250(281.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -21.174 -7.394 Td [(2154)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.286 0 Td [(Phil.)-355(der)-285(Gr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.636 0 Td [(iii.)-355(1,)-294(p.)-354(208;)-303(cf.)-355(iii.)-355(2,)-293(p.)-355(163;)-303(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 133.908 0 Td [(De)-285(Virt.)-355(Mor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.622 0 Td [(c.)]TJ -274.407 -10.959 Td [(viii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2225 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2226 0 R /Resources 2224 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2211 0 R >> endobj 2227 0 obj << /D [2225 0 R /XYZ 46.771 477.528 null] >> endobj 2224 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2230 0 obj << /Length 5241 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(498)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(impetuous)-301(and)-301(erring)-302(motion)-301(of)-301(the)-301(reason,)-314(and)-301(vice,)-314(in)-301(the)-301(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Socratic)-379(phrase,)-411(is)-378(an)-379(error)-379(of)-379(judgment,)-411(a)-378(fit)-379(of)-379(ignorance)-378(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-362(true)-361(ends)-362(of)-361(action.)-585(But)-361(as,)-390(according)-361(to)-362(Stoic)-361(theory,)-389(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-242(reason)-242(is)-242(a)-242(portion)-242(of)-243(the)-242(Divine,)-243(depravity)-242(becomes)-242(thus)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-373(corruption)-373(of)-372(the)-373(Divine)-373(element,)-403(and)-373(the)-373(guarantee)-373(for)-372(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hope)-273(of)-273(reform)-273(is)-273(lost.)-319(For)-273(himself,)-279(Plutarch)-273(adopts)-272(the)-273(Platonic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(division)-306(of)-306(the)-306(soul)-306(into)-306(the)-306(rational,)-320(spirited,)-320(and)-305(concupiscent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elements,)-401(with)-371(some)-371(Aristotelian)-371(modifications.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 214.69 3.959 Td [(2155)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.123 -3.959 Td [(The)-371(great)]TJ -237.813 -13.549 Td [(fact)-433(of)-433(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.669 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-433(moral)-433(nature)-432(is)-433(the)-433(natural)-433(opposition)-433(between)]TJ -57.302 -13.55 Td [(the)-282(passions)-282(and)-283(the)-282(rational)-282(element)-282(of)-283(the)-282(soul;)-298(it)-282(corresponds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-391(a)-391(similar)-391(division)-392(in)-391(the)-391(mundane)-391(soul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.389 3.959 Td [(2156)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.785 -3.959 Td [(All)-391(experience)]TJ -215.174 -13.549 Td [(attests)-341(a)-342(constant,)-364(natural,)-364(and)-341(sustained)-342(rebellion)-341(of)-341(the)-341(lower)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([411])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(against)-352(the)-351(higher.)-555(Principles)-352(so)-351(alien)-352(and)-351(disparate)-352(cannot)-351(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(identified,)-437(any)-400(more)-399(than)-400(you)-399(can)-400(identify)-400(the)-399(hunter)-400(and)-399(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(quarry.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.2 3.959 Td [(2157)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.988 -3.959 Td [(But,)-320(although)-305(in)-306(the)-306(unregulated)-305(character,)-320(they)-306(are)]TJ -52.188 -13.549 Td [(in)-359(violent)-358(opposition,)-386(they)-359(may,)-386(by)-358(proper)-359(culture,)-386(be)-358(brought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-383(last)-383(into)-383(a)-383(harmony.)-648(The)-383(function)-383(of)-383(the)-383(higher)-383(element)-382(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-265(to)-266(extingui)1(sh)-266(the)-265(lower,)-269(but)-265(to)-265(guide)-266(and)-265(control)-265(and)-265(elevate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 8.793 3.958 Td [(2158)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.015 -3.958 Td [(Passion)-306(is)-307(a)-306(force)-307(which)-306(may)-307(be)-306(wasted)-307(in)-306(vagrant,)-321(wild)]TJ -29.808 -13.55 Td [(excess,)-305(but)-293(which)-294(may)-294(also)-293(be)-294(used)-294(to)-294(give)-293(force)-294(and)-294(energy)-293(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtue.)-632(To)-378(avoid)-377(drunkenness,)-409(a)-378(man)-377(need)-377(not)-378(spill)-377(the)-377(wine;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-379(may)-378(temper)-379(its)-379(strength.)-636(A)-378(controlled)-379(anger)-378(is)-379(the)-379(spur)-378(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(courage.)-356(Passion)-285(in)-285(effect)-286(is)-285(the)-285(raw)-286(material)-285(which)-285(is)-285(moulded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-438(reason)-437(into)-438(the)-437(forms)-438(of)-437(practical)-438(virtue,)-484(and)-438(the)-437(guiding)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(principle)-334(in)-334(the)-334(process)-334(is)-334(the)-334(law)-334(of)-334(the)-334(mean)-334(between)-334(excess)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-409(defect)-410(of)-409(passion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.346 3.959 Td [(2159)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.383 -3.959 Td [(This)-409(is,)-450(of)-409(course,)-450(borrowed)-409(from)]TJ -124.729 -13.549 Td [(Aristotle,)-461(and)-418(along)-418(with)-419(it)-418(the)-419(theory)-418(of)-419(education)-418(by)-418(habit,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-408(to)-408(Plato)-408(had)-409(seemed)-408(a)-408(popular)-408(and)-408(inferior)-408(conception)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.66 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.764 Td [(2155)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Virt.)-250(Mor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.054 0 Td [(l.c.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.749 -7.394 Td [(2156)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller.)-250(iii.)-250(2,)-250(p.)-250(154.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(2157)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Virt.)-250(Mor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.054 0 Td [(vii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.749 -7.395 Td [(2158)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(sq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(De)-250(Cur.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.131 0 Td [(i.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.184 -7.394 Td [(2159)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Virt.)-250(Mor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.054 0 Td [(vi.;)-250(Gr\351ard,)-250(p.)-250(78.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2229 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2230 0 R /Resources 2228 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2211 0 R >> endobj 2231 0 obj << /D [2229 0 R /XYZ 148.859 369.134 null] >> endobj 2228 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2234 0 obj << /Length 7274 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(499)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-417(the)-416(formation)-417(of)-416(the)-417(virtuous)-417(character.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 193.588 3.959 Td [(2160)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.618 -3.959 Td [(By)-417(the)-416(strong)]TJ -218.206 -13.549 Td [(pressure)-291(of)-292(an)-291(enlightened)-291(will,)-302(the)-291(wild)-292(insurgent)-291(forces)-291(of)-291(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lower)-420(nature)-419(are)-420(brought)-419(into)-420(conformity)-419(to)-420(a)-419(higher)-420(law.)-758(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-317(a)-318(slow,)-334(laborious)-317(process,)-334(demanding)-317(infinite)-317(patience,)-334(daily)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-328(hourly)-328(watchfulness,)-348(self-examination,)-347(frank)-328(confession)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faults)-323(to)-322(some)-323(friend)-322(or)-323(wise)-323(director)-322(of)-323(souls.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.215 3.959 Td [(2161)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.541 -3.959 Td [(It)-323(needs)-322(the)]TJ -228.756 -13.549 Td [(minutest)-400(attention)-400(to)-400(the)-400(details)-400(of)-400(conduct)-400(and)-399(circumstance,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-299(a)-300(steady)-299(front)-300(against)-299(discouragement)-300(from)-299(the)-299(backsliding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-348(the)-349(wavering)-348(will.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.111 3.958 Td [(2162)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.382 -3.958 Td [(In)-348(such)-349(a)-348(system)-348(the)-348(hope)-349(of)-348(reform)]TJ -116.493 -13.55 Td [(lies)-245(not)-245(in)-245(any)-245(sudden)-245(revolution.)-248(Plutarch)-245(has)-245(no)-245(faith)-245(in)-244(instant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conversion,)-373(reversing)-349(in)-348(a)-349(moment)-348(the)-349(ingrained)-348(tendencies)-348(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years,)-423(and)-388(setting)-388(a)-388(man)-389(on)-388(a)-388(lofty)-388(height)-388(of)-389(perfection,)-422(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-304(fear)-304(of)-304(falling)-304(away.)-412(That)-304(vain)-304(dream)-304(of)-304(the)-304(older)-303(Stoicism,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-335(recognised)-335(no)-335(degrees)-335(in)-335(virtuous)-335(progress,)-356(made)-335(virtue)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(an)-278(unapproachable)-278(ideal,)-285(and)-278(paralysed)-278(struggling)-278(effort.)-334(It)-277(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-348(for)-348(an)-347(age)-348(stricken)-348(or)-348(blest)-348(with)-347(a)-348(growing)-348(sense)-348(of)-347(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weakness,)-359(and)-338(clutching)-337(eagerly)-337(at)-338(any)-337(spiritual)-337(stay.)-512(Plutarch)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(loves)-292(rather)-293(to)-292(think)-293(of)-292(character)-292(under)-293(the)-292(image)-292(of)-293(a)-292(holy)-292(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(royal)-214(building)-213(whose)-214(foundations)-214(are)-214(laid)-213(in)-214(gold,)-221(and)-214(each)-213(stone)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([412])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(has)-250(to)-250(be)-250(chosen)-250(and)-250(carefully)-250(fitted)-250(to)-250(the)-250(line)-250(of)-250(reason.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.644 3.959 Td [(2163)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -237.688 -18.31 Td [(Plutarch)-701(also)-702(accepted)-701(from)-702(the)-701(Peripatetic)-702(school)-701(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(principle,)-510(which)-458(Seneca)-457(was)-458(in)-458(the)-458(end)-458(compelled)-458(to)-457(admit,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-369(the)-369(finest)-369(paragon)-370(of)-369(wisdom)-369(and)-369(virtue)-369(is)-369(not)-369(quite)-369(self-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sufficing,)-250(that)-249(virtuous)-250(activity)-250(needs)-250(material)-249(to)-250(work)-250(upon,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2164)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(and)-441(that)-440(the)-441(good)-441(thi)1(ngs)-441(of)-441(the)-440(world,)-489(in)-440(their)-441(proper)-440(place,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-315(as)-316(necessary)-315(to)-316(the)-315(moral)-316(musician)-315(as)-316(the)-315(flute)-316(to)-315(the)-315(flute-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(player.)-738(Above)-412(all,)-453(Plutarch,)-454(with)-412(such)-413(a)-412(theory)-413(of)-412(character,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-418(bound)-417(to)-418(assert)-417(the)-417(cardinal)-418(doctrine)-417(of)-418(human)-417(freedom.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.16 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.347 Td [(2160)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Pl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.961 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(82)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 11.208 0 Td [(B)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(;)-250(cf.)-250(Archer-Hind,)-250(App.)-250(i.)-250(to)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 102.594 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -173.332 -7.31 Td [(2161)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Cohib.)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.059 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(ii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.42 0 Td [(De)-250(Prof.)-250(in)-250(Virt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.774 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(xi.)-250(iii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -167.885 -7.311 Td [(2162)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Prof.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.122 0 Td [(iv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.951 0 Td [(De)-250(Cohib.)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.059 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -111.827 -7.311 Td [(2163)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-409(Prof.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.978 0 Td [(xvii.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.721 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.656 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(5)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.307 0 Td [(\263\265)-409(\300\301\277\272\314\300\304\277\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.063 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.911 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.327 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\264\267)-409(\272\261\270\254\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.651 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\265\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.517 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.216 0 Td [(\304\271\275\277\302)]TJ -261.468 -10.958 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\277\264\277\274\256\274\261\304\277\302)-213(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 60.124 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.542 0 Td [(\262\261\303\271\273\271\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.503 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.452 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.452 0 Td [(\262\257\277\305)-213(\272\265\272\301\314\304\267\304\261\271)-212(\307\301\305\303\255\261)-213(\272\301\267\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 107.647 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\302)-212(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.029 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)-213(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.218 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.573 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.841 -10.959 Td [(\300\301\277\303\257\265\275\304\261\271)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.997 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-250(\263\271\275\277\274\255\275\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.661 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -119.32 -7.311 Td [(2164)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Adv.)-250(St.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(iv.)-250(vii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2233 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2234 0 R /Resources 2232 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2236 0 R >> endobj 2235 0 obj << /D [2233 0 R /XYZ 170.722 274.29 null] >> endobj 2232 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2239 0 obj << /Length 6850 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(500)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(He)-281(had)-280(a)-281(profound)-281(faith)-280(in)-281(a)-281(threefold)-280(Providence,)-289(exercised)-280(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-254(remote)-253(Supreme)-254(Deity,)-255(by)-254(the)-253(inferior)-254(heavenly)-254(powers,)-254(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-350(the)-350(daemons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.385 3.959 Td [(2165)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.437 -3.959 Td [(But)-350(Providence)-350(is)-350(a)-350(beneficent)-350(influence,)]TJ -95.822 -13.549 Td [(not)-538(a)-539(crushing)-538(force)-539(of)-538(necessity.)-1115(To)-539(Plutarch)-538(fatalism)-538(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-468(blight)-468(of)-467(moral)-468(effort.)-903(Foreknowledge)-468(and)-468(Fate)-468(are)-467(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conterminous)-282(and)-282(coextensive.)-346(Although)-282(everything)-282(is)-282(foreseen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-421(heavenly)-421(powers,)-464(not)-422(everything)-421(is)-421(foreordained.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.898 3.959 Td [(2166)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.768 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(law)-372(of)-373(Fate,)-403(like)-372(the)-372(laws)-373(of)-372(earthly)-372(jurisprudence,)-403(deals)-372(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(universal,)-293(and)-284(only)-285(consequentially)-284(with)-285(the)-284(particular)-284(case.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Certain)-351(consequences)-351(follow)-350(necessarily)-351(from)-351(certain)-351(acts,)-375(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-505(acts)-504(are)-505(not)-505(inevitably)-504(determined.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.529 3.959 Td [(2167)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.501 -3.959 Td [(Man,)-568(by)-505(nature)]TJ -208.03 -13.549 Td [(the)-347(most)-347(helpless)-346(and)-347(defenceless)-347(of)-347(animals,)-371(becomes)-347(lord)-346(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(creation)-377(by)-377(his)-377(superior)-377(reason,)-409(and)-377(appropriates)-377(all)-376(its)-377(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-308(its)-309(wealth)-308(by)-308(his)-309(laborious)-308(arts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.053 3.958 Td [(2168)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.075 -3.958 Td [(And)-308(the)-309(art)-308(of)-308(arts,)-323(the)]TJ -179.128 -13.55 Td [(art)-320(of)-320(life,)-337(neither)-320(trusting)-320(to)-320(chance)-320(nor)-320(cowed)-320(by)-320(any)-319(fancied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(omnipotence)-335(of)-334(destiny,)-356(uses)-334(the)-335(will)-334(and)-335(reason)-334(to)-335(master)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(materials)-315(out)-314(of)-315(which)-314(happiness)-315(is)-314(forged.)-444(Thus)-315(the)-314(hope)-315(of)-314(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(noble)-356(life)-357(is)-356(securely)-356(fenced)-356(in)-356(the)-357(fortress)-356(of)-356(the)-356(autonomous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will.)-275(To)-258(the)-258(Stoic)-258(the)-258(vicious)-258(man)-259(was)-258(a)-258(fool,)-260(whose)-258(reason)-258(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(hopelessly)-227(besotted.)-243(The)-227(Platonist)-228(cherished)-227(the)-227(better)-228(hope,)-231(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason,)-239(though)-237(darkened)-237(for)-236(a)-237(time)-237(and)-236(vanquished)-237(by)-237(the)-236(forces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-350(sense,)-374(could)-349(never)-350(assent)-349(to)-350(sin,)-374(that)-350(there)-349(still)-350(remained)-349(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-250(human)-250(soul)-250(a)-250(witness)-250(to)-250(the)-250(eternal)-250(law)-250(of)-250(conduct.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([413])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -18.128 Td [(With)-370(such)-371(a)-370(faith)-371(as)-370(this,)-400(an)-371(earnest)-370(man)-371(like)-370(Plutarch)-370(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(bound)-445(to)-446(become)-445(a)-445(preacher)-445(of)-446(righteousness)-445(and)-445(a)-445(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(director.)-315(Many)-272(of)-271(his)-272(moral)-271(treatises)-272(are)-272(the)-271(expanded)-272(record)-271(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(private)-220(counsel)-220(or)-220(the)-220(more)-220(formal)-220(instruction)-220(of)-220(the)-219(lecture-hall.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-225(had)-224(disciples)-225(all)-225(over)-224(the)-225(Roman)-224(world,)-230(at)-225(Rome,)-229(Chaeronea,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.228 Td [(2165)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Fato)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.633 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(ix.)-250(\050572\051.)-250(\050Plut.?\051)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -44.328 -7.311 Td [(2166)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.699 0 Td [(c.)-241(iv.)-240(v.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 28.637 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.534 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\261)-222(\272\261\270\261\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.27 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-222(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.112 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.755 0 Td [(\264\271\261\301\301\256\264\267\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.616 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.946 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\274\261\301\274\255\275\267)-222(\300\265\301\271\255\307\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.677 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.281 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -277.644 -10.959 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\303\261)-250(\272\261\270\314\273\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.2 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.405 -7.31 Td [(2167)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.042 0 Td [(c.)-280(iv.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 20.464 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311)-260(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.744 0 Td [(v)-260(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.764 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-260(\306\315\303\265\311\302)-260(\275\314\274\277\302)-260(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 64.729 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.039 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-260(\272\261\270\314\273\277\305)-260(\303\305\274\300\265\301\271\273\261\274\262\254\275\265\271)]TJ -175.992 -10.959 Td [(\300\301\277\267\263\277\305\274\255\275\311\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.606 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.008 0 Td [(\272\261\270)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 13.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.227 0 Td [(\025)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\261\303\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.371 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\277\274\255\275\311\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.261 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -166.08 -7.311 Td [(2168)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Fort.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.121 0 Td [(c.)-250(iii.)-250(iv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2238 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2239 0 R /Resources 2237 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2236 0 R >> endobj 2240 0 obj << /D [2238 0 R /XYZ 93.543 217.715 null] >> endobj 2237 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2243 0 obj << /Length 8951 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(501)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Ephesus,)-501(and)-451(Athens.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.859 3.959 Td [(2169)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.742 -3.959 Td [(His)-451(conception)-451(of)-451(the)-451(philosophic)]TJ -124.601 -13.549 Td [(gathering,)-610(in)-538(which)-539(these)-538(serious)-538(things)-538(were)-538(discussed,)-610(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-470(the)-471(nearest)-470(approach)-470(which)-470(a)-471(heathen)-470(ever)-470(made)-470(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-548(conception)-548(of)-548(the)-548(Christian)-548(church.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 185.924 3.958 Td [(2170)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.919 -3.958 Td [(In)-548(theory,)-623(the)]TJ -214.843 -13.55 Td [(philosopher)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.513 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-180(discourse)-179(on)-180(high)-179(moral)-180(themes)-180(was)-179(a)-180(more)-179(solemn)]TJ -55.146 -13.549 Td [(affair)-377(than)-377(the)-377(showy)-376(declamation)-377(of)-377(the)-377(sophist,)-409(whose)-376(chief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(object)-344(was)-344(to)-344(dazzle)-344(and)-344(astonish)-344(his)-344(audience)-344(by)-344(a)-344(display)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rhetorical)-351(legerdemain)-352(on)-351(the)-352(most)-351(trivial)-352(or)-351(out-worn)-351(themes.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-160(the)-160(moral)-161(preacher)-160(in)-160(those)-160(days,)-178(it)-161(is)-160(to)-160(be)-160(feared,)-178(often)-160(forgot)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-202(seriousness)-203(of)-202(his)-202(mission,)-212(and)-202(degraded)-203(it)-202(by)-202(personal)-202(vanity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-363(a)-364(tinsel)-363(rhetoric)-364(to)-363(win)-363(a)-364(cheap)-363(applause.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.91 3.959 Td [(2171)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.876 -3.959 Td [(The)-363(sophist)]TJ -228.786 -13.549 Td [(and)-225(the)-226(philosopher)-225(were)-226(in)-225(fact)-225(too)-226(often)-225(undistinguishable,)-230(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-418(philosophic)-418(class-room)-417(often)-418(resounded)-418(with)-417(new-fangled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expressions)-266(of)-265(admiration.)-297(For)-265(all)-265(this)-266(Plutarch)-265(has)-266(an)-265(indignant)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(contempt.)-423(It)-307(is)-308(the)-307(prostitution)-308(of)-307(a)-307(noble)-308(mission.)-422(It)-308(is)-307(turning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-225(school)-225(into)-224(a)-225(theatre,)-230(and)-225(the)-225(reformer)-224(of)-225(souls)-225(into)-225(a)-224(flatterer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-399(the)-400(ear.)-698(To)-399(ask)-399(rhetoric)-400(from)-399(the)-399(true)-400(philosopher)-399(is)-399(as)-399(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-374(should)-375(require)-374(a)-374(medicine)-375(to)-374(be)-374(served)-375(in)-374(the)-374(finest)-374(Attic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ware.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.924 3.958 Td [(2172)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.597 -3.958 Td [(The)-355(profession)-355(of)-355(philosophy)-354(becomes)-355(in)-355(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 226.233 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.55 Td [(eyes)-267(a)-267(real)-266(priesthood)-267(for)-267(the)-267(salvation)-267(of)-266(souls.)-301(He)-266(disapproves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-314(the)-314(habit,)-330(which)-315(prevailed)-314(in)-314(the)-314(sophist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 191.116 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-314(lecture)-314(theatre,)-330(of)]TJ -194.749 -13.549 Td [(proposing)-239(subtle)-240(or)-239(frivolous)-239(questions)-240(to)-239(the)-239(lecturer)-240(in)-239(order)-239(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(make)-268(a)-267(display)-268(of)-267(cleverness.)-303(But)-268(he)-267(would)-268(have)-267(those)-268(in)-267(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficulty)-374(to)-374(remain)-373(after)-374(the)-374(sermon,)-405(for)-373(such)-374(it)-374(was,)-405(and)-373(lay)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(bare)-243(their)-244(faults)-243(and)-243(spiritual)-244(troubles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.674 3.959 Td [(2173)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.141 -3.959 Td [(He)-243(watched)-244(the)-243(moral)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 176.036 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 169.224 Td [(2169)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gr\351ard,)-250(p.)-250(68)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2170)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.714 0 Td [(De)-279(Rect.)-337(Rat.)-336(Aud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.052 0 Td [(c.)-337(vi.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.478 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.966 0 Td [(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.061 0 Td [(\326)-279(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.844 0 Td [(\272\301\277\254\303\270\261\271)-279(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.956 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.047 0 Td [(\273\255\263\277\275\304\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.25 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\273\265\311\275)-279(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.103 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.993 -10.959 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.002 0 Td [(\267)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.799 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.029 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 5.721 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.962 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\257\261\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.928 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.051 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275)-332(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.802 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.612 0 Td [(\270\305\303\257\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.283 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\261\301\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.067 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-332(\300\261\301\265\271\273\267\274\274\255\275\277\275)-332(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 80.283 0 Td [(.:)]TJ -275.895 -10.958 Td [(cf.)-262(viii.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.109 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.263 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-254(\264\271\264\261\303\272\261\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.936 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.288 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.72 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\304\261\271)-254(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.905 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.554 0 Td [(\273\314\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.459 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.554 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-254(\262\257\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.214 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\261\275\277\301\270\311\303\314\274\265\275\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.491 0 Td [(:)]TJ -278.137 -10.959 Td [(c.)-250(xii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2171)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.935 0 Td [(c.)-579(vii.)-579(viii.;)-414(cf.)-579(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.005 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.428 0 Td [(108,)-387(\247)-360(6,)-387(magnam)-359(hanc)-360(auditorum)-359(partem)]TJ -124.323 -10.959 Td [(videbis)-250(cui)-250(philosophi)-250(schola)-250(diversorium)-250(otii)-250(sit,)-250(etc.;)-250(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 220.178 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(ii.)-250(23.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -243.343 -7.31 Td [(2172)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-236(Rect.)-246(Rat.)-246(Aud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.656 0 Td [(c.)-245(ix.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.843 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\274\277\271\314\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.178 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271)-237(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.731 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.909 0 Td [(\262\277\305\273\277\274\255\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.821 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.397 0 Td [(\300\271\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.118 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.667 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\304\257\264\277\304\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.785 0 Td [(\002)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275)-236(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.499 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.841 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)-250(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.414 0 Td [(\263\263\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.284 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.253 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.67 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.998 0 Td [(\304\304\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.92 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\272\311\273\271\254\264\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.487 0 Td [(\226)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\272\265\272\265\301\261\274\265\305\255\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 56.138 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -201.667 -7.311 Td [(2173)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2242 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2243 0 R /Resources 2241 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2236 0 R >> endobj 2241 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2246 0 obj << /Length 8430 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(502)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(progress)-287(of)-286(his)-287(disciples,)-296(as)-286(when)-287(Fundanus)-286(is)-287(congratulated)-286(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-419(growing)-419(mildness)-420(of)-419(temper.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.283 3.959 Td [(2174)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.702 -3.959 Td [(The)-419(philosopher)-419(was)-419(in)]TJ -172.985 -13.549 Td [(those)-235(days,)-237(and)-235(often)-234(too)-234(truly,)-238(charged)-235(with)-234(gross)-234(inconsistency)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([414])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(in)-186(his)-187(private)-186(conduct.)-229(Plutarch)-186(believed)-187(emphatically)-186(in)-186(teaching)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-285(example.)-357(The)-285(preacher)-285(of)-286(the)-285(higher)-285(life)-286(should)-285(inspire)-285(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respect)-179(that)-180(his)-179(frown)-179(or)-180(smile)-179(shall)-179(at)-180(once)-179(affect)-179(the)-180(disciple.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2175)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Plutarch)-314(evidently)-315(practised)-314(his)-315(remedies)-314(on)-315(himself.)-443(His)-314(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gallery)-263(of)-263(the)-264(heroes)-263(of)-263(the)-263(past)-264(was)-263(primarily)-263(intended)-263(to)-263(profit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(others.)-406(But)-302(he)-303(found,)-315(as)-302(the)-302(work)-302(went)-302(on,)-315(that)-302(he)-302(was)-302(himself)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(much)-345(profited)-346(by)-345(looking)-345(into)-345(these)-346(histories,)-369(as)-345(if)-345(he)-345(looked)]TJ -4.844 -13.549 Td [(into)-207(a)-207(glass,)-216(to)-207(frame)-207(and)-207(fashion)-207(his)-207(life)-207(to)-206(the)-207(mould)-207(and)-207(pattern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(these)-250(virtuous)-250(noblemen.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.2 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2176)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -114.088 -18.495 Td [(Plutarch,)-418(as)-384(we)-384(have)-384(seen,)-417(waged)-384(determined)-384(war)-384(with)-384(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(older)-421(Stoic)-420(and)-421(Epicurean)-421(systems;)-506(yet)-420(his)-421(practical)-420(teaching)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-371(coloured)-372(by)-371(the)-371(spirit)-372(of)-371(both.)-614(This)-371(is)-372(perhaps)-371(best)-371(seen)-371(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(tract)-292(on)-293(Tranquillity,)-303(which)-292(might)-293(almost)-292(have)-293(been)-292(written)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-374(Seneca.)-623(Although)-374(Plutarch)-374(elsewhere)-374(holds)-374(the)-374(Peripatetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrine)-473(that)-473(the)-472(full)-473(life)-473(of)-472(virtue)-473(cannot)-473(dispense)-473(with)-472(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(external)-356(gifts)-357(of)-356(fortune,)-383(he)-357(asserts)-356(as)-356(powerfully)-357(as)-356(any)-356(Stoic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-203(life)-202(takes)-203(its)-202(predominant)-203(colour)-203(from)-202(the)-203(character,)-212(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 262.456 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(kingdom)-209(of)-209(Heaven)-209(is)-209(within,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.206 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.124 0 Td [(that)-209(no)-209(change)-209(of)-209(external)-209(fortune)]TJ -135.33 -13.549 Td [(can)-355(calm)-356(the)-355(tumults)-356(of)-355(the)-355(soul.)-567(You)-355(seem)-355(to)-356(be)-355(listening)-355(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-395(Stoic)-395(doctor)-395(when)-395(you)-395(hear)-395(that)-395(most)-395(calamities)-395(draw)-395(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weight)-233(and)-233(bitterness)-233(from)-233(imagination,)-236(that)-233(excessive)-233(desire)-233(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-405(thing)-405(engenders)-405(the)-405(fear)-405(of)-405(losing)-405(it,)-444(and)-405(makes)-405(enjoyment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feeble)-452(and)-451(uncertain,)-502(that)-452(men,)-502(by)-452(forgetting)-451(the)-452(past)-452(in)-451(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vanishing)-425(present,)-469(lose)-425(the)-425(continuity)-425(of)-425(their)-425(lives.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.16 3.959 Td [(2177)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.892 -3.959 Td [(Is)-425(it)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.042 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.229 Td [(2174)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-218(Cohib.)-239(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.678 0 Td [(,)-224(c.)-240(i.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 19.504 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.421 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.722 0 Td [(\303\306\277\264\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.052 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.501 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.339 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\277)-218(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.247 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.592 0 Td [(\264\271\254\300\305\301\277\275)-218(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.156 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.614 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.545 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.502 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275\304\257)]TJ -269.592 -10.959 Td [(\274\277\271)-264(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.308 0 Td [(\267)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\277\275)-264(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.847 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311)-264(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.783 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.007 0 Td [(\307\265\271\301\314\267\270\265\302)-264(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.423 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.647 0 Td [(\273\277\263\271\303\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.214 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.647 0 Td [(\263\265\263\265\275\267\274\255\275\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.911 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\300\255\301\307\265\304\261\271)-264(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.464 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-264(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.885 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\270\305\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.853 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-250(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.553 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\300\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.482 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.951 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.316 -7.394 Td [(2175)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.694 -3.809 Td [(De)-254(Rect.)-263(Rat.)-262(Aud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.278 0 Td [(c.)-263(xii.;)-256(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.64 0 Td [(De)-254(Prof.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.197 0 Td [(c.)-262(xv.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 22.138 0 Td [(\304\257\270\265\303\270\261\271)-254(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.117 0 Td [(x)-254(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.209 0 Td [(\306\270\261\273\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.47 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-254(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.146 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.972 -10.959 Td [(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275\304\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.809 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\263\261\270\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.906 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.701 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.831 0 Td [(\263\265\263\265\275\267\274\255\275\277\305\302)-339(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 63.52 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.68 0 Td [(\264\271\261\275\277\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\270\261\271)-339(\304\257)-340(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 32.976 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.029 0 Td [(\002)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.589 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\301\261\276\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.991 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-339(\304\277\315\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.312 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.354 -10.959 Td [(\240\273\254\304\311\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.164 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.903 -7.31 Td [(2176)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.694 -3.809 Td [(Trench,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.876 0 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(p.)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -64.001 -7.311 Td [(2177)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.694 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.103 0 Td [(c.)-250(xvi.)-250(xvii.)-250(xiv.)-250(xv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2245 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2246 0 R /Resources 2244 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2236 0 R >> endobj 2247 0 obj << /D [2245 0 R /XYZ 119.13 491.077 null] >> endobj 2244 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2250 0 obj << /Length 9228 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(503)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Plutarch)-335(himself,)-357(or)-335(some)-336(Christian)-335(preacher,)-357(who)-335(tells)-335(us)-335(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seeming)-287(calamity)-286(may)-287(be)-287(the)-287(greatest)-286(blessing,)-296(that)-287(the)-286(greatest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(folly)-412(is)-413(unthankfulness)-412(and)-413(discontent)-412(with)-413(the)-412(daily)-412(lot,)-453(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-362(wealth)-362(or)-361(rank)-362(can)-362(give)-362(such)-362(enchanted)-361(calm)-362(of)-362(spirit)-362(as)-361(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conscience)-297(unstained)-297(by)-296(evil)-297(deed)-297(or)-297(thought,)-308(and)-297(the)-297(power)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(facing)-264(fortune)-264(with)-264(steady)-264(open)-264(eye?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.627 3.959 Td [(2178)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.623 -3.959 Td [(It)-264(is)-264(surely)-264(the)-264(greatest)]TJ -181.25 -13.549 Td [(literary)-330(genius)-330(of)-330(his)-331(age,)-350(buried)-330(in)-330(a)-330(dull)-330(Boeotian)-330(town,)-350(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bids)-203(us)-202(think)-203(of)-202(the)-203(good)-203(things)-202(we)-203(have,)-212(instead)-203(of)-202(envying)-203(a)-202(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whose)-265(inner)-266(griefs)-265(we)-266(know)-265(not,)-269(who)-266(ever)-265(looks)-266(on)-265(the)-265(brighter)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(side)-348(of)-348(things)-347(and)-348(dignifies)-348(an)-347(obscure)-348(lot)-348(by)-348(grateful)-347(content,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([415])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(who)-473(is)-473(not)-473(vexed)-473(by)-473(another)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.478 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-473(splendid)-473(fortune,)-529(because)-473(he)]TJ -139.111 -13.549 Td [(knows)-242(that)-242(seeming)-243(success)-242(is)-242(often)-242(a)-242(miserable)-243(failure,)-243(and)-242(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(each)-250(one)-250(has)-250(within)-250(him)-250(the)-250(springs)-250(of)-250(happiness)-250(or)-250(misery.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 260.88 3.959 Td [(2179)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -248.924 -17.508 Td [(The)-324(discipline)-324(by)-324(which)-324(this)-325(wise)-324(mood,)-342(which)-324(contains)-324(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(wisdom)-210(of)-211(all)-210(the)-211(ages,)-218(is)-210(to)-211(be)-210(attained)-210(is)-211(expounded)-210(by)-210(Plutarch)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-321(many)-321(tracts,)-339(which)-321(are)-322(the)-321(record)-321(of)-321(much)-321(spiritual)-321(counsel.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-261(great)-262(secret)-261(is)-262(a)-261(lover)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.009 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-261(passion)-262(for)-261(the)-262(ideal)-261(and)-262(a)-261(scorn)-261(for)]TJ -116.641 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(vulgar)-250(objects)-250(of)-249(desire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.877 3.959 Td [(2180)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.165 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-250(moral)-250(growth)-250(must)-249(be)-250(slow,)]TJ -140.042 -13.549 Td [(though)-184(steady)-185(and)-184(unpausing,)-198(not)-184(the)-184(rush)-185(of)-184(feverish)-184(excitement,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-331(may)-331(be)-330(soon)-331(spent)-331(and)-331(exhausted.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 183.138 3.959 Td [(2181)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.81 -3.959 Td [(The)-331(true)-331(aspirant)]TJ -204.948 -13.549 Td [(to)-364(moral)-364(perfection)-364(will)-364(not)-364(allow)-364(himself)-364(to)-364(be)-364(cast)-364(down)-364(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-342(obstacles)-341(that)-342(meet)-341(him)-342(at)-342(the)-341(entrance)-342(to)-341(the)-342(narrow)-341(way,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nor)-297(will)-296(he)-297(be)-297(beguiled)-297(by)-296(pomp)-297(of)-297(style)-296(or)-297(subtlety)-297(of)-296(rhetoric)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-289(forget)-289(the)-289(true)-289(inwardness)-288(of)-289(philosophy.)-367(He)-289(will)-289(not)-289(ask)-288(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-353(witness)-352(of)-353(his)-352(good)-353(deeds)-352(or)-353(his)-352(growth)-353(in)-352(virtue;)-404(he)-352(will)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shrink)-281(from)-281(the)-281(arrogance)-281(of)-280(the)-281(mere)-281(pretender.)-343(Rather)-281(will)-280(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-226(humble)-227(and)-226(modest,)-231(harsh)-227(to)-226(his)-227(own)-226(faults,)-231(gentle)-227(to)-226(those)-226(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(others.)-333(Like)-278(the)-277(neophyte)-278(in)-278(the)-277(mysteries,)-285(he)-277(will)-278(be)-278(awed)-277(into)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 142.999 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.187 Td [(2178)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.881 0 Td [(c.)-561(xix.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.984 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\263\275\277\277\305\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.277 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\303\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.469 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.142 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.807 0 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.002 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.829 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\305\300\257\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.057 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\263\261\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.44 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-354(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.573 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.636 0 Td [(\274\265\273\265\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.955 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)-354(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.997 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\264\315\275\261\303\270\261\271)-250(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.442 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.756 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\304\315\307\267\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.312 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\263\314\303\271)-250(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.208 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\274\274\261\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.083 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\304\271\262\273\255\300\265\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.668 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -229.275 -7.311 Td [(2179)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.556 0 Td [(De)-273(Tranq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.516 0 Td [(c.)-319(xi.)-319(xiii.)-319(xiv.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.788 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\304\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.94 0 Td [(\025)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\261\303\304\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.993 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.995 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\261\305\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.109 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.725 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.156 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-273(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.872 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\270\305\274\257\261\302)-273(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.583 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\264\305\303\270\305\274\257\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.123 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\265\271)-250(\304\261\274\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.163 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -98.778 -7.31 Td [(2180)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-207(Prof.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.343 0 Td [(c.)-236(xiv.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 24.147 0 Td [(\264\256\274\311\274\261)-207(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.88 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.619 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.398 0 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.003 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\304\261)-207(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.248 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.399 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.317 0 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.002 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-207(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.366 0 Td [(p)-207(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.325 0 Td [(\300\261\271\275\277\315\274\265\275\261)-207(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.899 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\273\277\302)]TJ -267.772 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\300\277\271\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.583 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-250(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.554 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-250(\300\301\277\270\315\274\277\305\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.121 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\003)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\270\261\305\274\254\266\277\274\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.455 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -186.523 -7.311 Td [(2181)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(i.-iv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2249 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2250 0 R /Resources 2248 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2236 0 R >> endobj 2251 0 obj << /D [2249 0 R /XYZ 224.821 396.232 null] >> endobj 2248 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2254 0 obj << /Length 8730 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(504)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(reverent)-265(silence,)-269(when)-265(the)-265(light)-265(bursts)-265(from)-265(the)-265(inner)-265(shrine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2182)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(This)-400(humility)-401(will)-400(be)-401(cultivated)-400(by)-401(daily)-400(self-scrutiny,)-438(and)-400(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-280(self-examination)-280(no)-280(sins)-280(will)-280(seem)-280(little,)-287(and)-280(no)-280(addition)-280(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-286(growing)-285(moral)-286(wealth,)-295(however)-286(slight,)-294(will)-286(be)-286(despised.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2183)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(To)-340(stimulate)-340(effort,)-363(we)-340(must)-339(set)-340(the)-340(great)-340(historic)-340(examples)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(achievement)-359(or)-359(self-conquest)-359(before)-359(our)-359(eyes,)-386(and)-359(in)-359(doubt)-359(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(difficulty,)-281(we)-275(must)-275(ask)-275(what)-275(would)-275(Plato)-275(or)-275(Socrates)-275(have)-274(done)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-267(such)-267(a)-267(case?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.685 3.959 Td [(2184)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.723 -3.959 Td [(Where)-267(they)-267(have)-267(suffered,)-271(we)-267(shall)-267(love)-267(and)]TJ -85.408 -13.549 Td [(honour)-302(them)-302(all)-301(the)-302(more.)-406(Their)-301(memory)-302(will)-302(work)-302(as)-302(a)-301(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spell.)]TJ 11.956 -15.577 Td [(Plutarch)-178(expounded)-179(the)-178(gospel)-179(of)-178(a)-179(cheerful)-178(and)-179(contented)-178(life,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(and)-269(he)-269(evidently)-268(practised)-269(what)-269(he)-269(preached.)-306(Yet,)-274(like)-269(all)-268(finely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strung)-220(spirits,)-226(he)-220(had)-220(his)-219(hours)-220(when)-220(the)-220(pathos)-220(of)-220(life)-220(was)-219(heavy)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([416])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(upon)-226(him,)-231(and)-226(death)-226(seemed)-226(the)-226(sovereign)-226(remedy)-226(for)-226(it)-225(all.)-242(Any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-359(who)-360(shares)-359(the)-359(vulgar)-359(notion)-360(that)-359(the)-359(Greeks,)-387(even)-359(of)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-308(age,)-322(were)-308(a)-308(race)-308(living)-308(in)-308(perpetual)-308(sunshine)-308(and)-307(careless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enjoyment)-187(of)-187(the)-188(hour,)-199(should)-188(read)-187(the)-187(Consolation)-187(to)-187(Apollonius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-352(the)-352(death)-353(of)-352(his)-352(son.)-557(He)-352(will)-352(there)-353(find)-352(all)-352(the)-352(great)-352(poets,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-299(Homer)-298(downwards,)-311(cited)-298(in)-299(support)-298(of)-299(the)-298(most)-298(pessimist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(view)-340(of)-340(human)-340(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.383 3.959 Td [(2185)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.109 -3.959 Td [(In)-340(the)-340(field)-340(of)-340(philosophy,)-362(it)-340(finds)-340(the)]TJ -110.492 -13.549 Td [(most)-342(withering)-341(expression)-342(in)-341(the)-342(doctrine)-341(of)-342(Heraclitus,)-364(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(did)-225(so)-224(much)-225(to)-225(mould)-224(the)-225(thought)-225(of)-224(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 195.975 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-225(great)-224(master,)-230(and)]TJ -199.608 -13.549 Td [(which)-308(coloured)-309(so)-308(many)-309(of)-308(the)-308(meditations)-309(of)-308(M.)-309(Aurelius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2186)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Our)-336(life)-337(is)-336(but)-337(in)-336(miniature)-336(a)-337(counterpart)-336(of)-337(the)-336(universal)-336(flux,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-296(each)-295(moment)-296(is)-295(the)-296(meet)1(ing)-296(place)-295(of)-296(life)-295(and)-296(death.)-386(Years,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-339(or)-339(few,)-361(are)-339(but)-339(a)-339(point,)-361(a)-339(moment)-339(in)-339(the)-339(tract)-339(of)-338(infinite)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.161 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.349 Td [(2182)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.926 0 Td [(c.)-910(x.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.275 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.679 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-470(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.747 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-470(\263\265\275\277\274\255\275\277\302)-470(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 59.67 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.852 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.72 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-470(\274\255\263\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.652 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-470(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.227 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.227 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\261\272\304\314\301\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -243.375 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\277\271\263\277\274\255\275\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.338 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)-250(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.536 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\273\314\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.459 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\304\261\300\265\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.227 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-250(\303\305\275\255\300\265\304\261\271)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.129 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -219.77 -7.311 Td [(2183)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2184)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.839 0 Td [(c.)-246(xv.;)-237(cf.)-246(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.564 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.333 0 Td [(11,)-240(\247)-237(8;)-242(aliquis)-237(vir)-238(bonus)-237(nobis)-238(eligendus)-237(est)-238(...)-245(ut)-238(sic)]TJ -91.691 -10.959 Td [(tanquam)-250(illo)-250(spectante)-250(vivamus,)-250(et)-250(omnia)-250(tanquam)-250(illo)-250(vidente)-250(faciamus.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.395 Td [(2185)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)-250(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.131 0 Td [(Consol.)-250(ad)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.015 0 Td [(c.)-250(vi.)-250(vii.)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -110.841 -7.31 Td [(2186)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-270(Aurel.)-310(vii.)-310(1;)-281(vii.)-310(19;)-280(vi.)-310(15;)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 116.484 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)-270(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.263 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.209 0 Td [(\304\277\315\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.723 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.698 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.698 0 Td [(\300\277\304\261\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.577 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.698 0 Td [(\304\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.914 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)-270(\304\271\302)-270(\304\277\315\304\311\275)]TJ -233.546 -10.959 Td [(\300\261\301\261\270\265\314\275\304\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.939 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\304\271\274\256\303\265\271\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.279 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 5.72 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.579 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(W)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.139 0 Td [(\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.141 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-289(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.948 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.167 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\276\265\303\304\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.016 0 Td [(:)-329(ix.)-367(32;)-309(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.687 0 Td [(Consol.)-368(ad)]TJ -240.713 -10.959 Td [(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(c.)-250(x.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 17.431 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)-250(\227)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.907 0 Td [(\306\267\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.218 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.532 0 Td [(\301\254\272\273\265\271\304\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.681 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.562 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\314)-250(\304)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 14.418 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.228 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\271)-250(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.001 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.068 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304\265\270\275\267\272\314\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.126 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2253 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2254 0 R /Resources 2252 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2236 0 R >> endobj 2255 0 obj << /D [2253 0 R /XYZ 311.82 353.556 null] >> endobj 2256 0 obj << /D [2253 0 R /XYZ 125.765 121.342 null] >> endobj 2252 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2259 0 obj << /Length 7398 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(505)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 17.87 3.959 Td [(2187)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.009 -3.959 Td [(The)-276(noble)-276(fulness)-275(of)-276(a)-276(life)-276(must)-275(be)-276(sought)-276(not)-276(in)-275(a)-276(sum)]TJ -37.879 -13.549 Td [(of)-237(years,)-240(but)-237(in)-237(a)-237(rounded)-237(completeness)-237(of)-237(virtue.)-245(When)-237(we)-237(look)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-290(the)-291(chance)-290(and)-291(change)-290(and)-290(sorrow)-291(of)-290(life,)-301(death)-290(seems)-290(really)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(great)-302(deliverer,)-314(and)-301(in)-302(certain)-301(moments,)-314(it)-301(may)-302(be)-301(hailed)-301(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Heaven)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.317 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-336(last,)-358(best)-337(gift.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.824 3.959 Td [(2188)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.995 -3.959 Td [(Whether)-336(it)-337(be)-336(an)-337(unawaking)-336(sleep)]TJ -127.769 -13.549 Td [(or)-339(the)-339(entrance)-339(to)-339(another)-340(scene)-339(of)-339(being,)-361(it)-339(cannot)-339(be)-339(an)-339(evil;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-340(may)-340(perchance)-341(be)-340(a)-340(blessing.)-521(If)-340(there)-340(is)-340(nothing)-340(after)-341(it,)-362(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-431(ret)1(urn)-431(to)-430(our)-431(calm)-430(antenatal)-431(unconsciousness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.688 3.959 Td [(2189)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.072 -3.959 Td [(Or)-430(if)]TJ -257.76 -13.549 Td [(there)-246(be)-247(another)-246(life,)-247(then)-247(for)-246(the)-246(good)-247(and)-246(noble)-246(there)-247(is)-246(a)-246(place)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(assuredly)-346(prepared)-345(in)-346(some)-345(happy)-346(island)-345(of)-346(the)-345(West,)-370(or)-345(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mystic)-280(region,)-287(which)-280(we)-279(may)-280(picture)-280(to)-280(ourselves,)-287(if)-280(we)-279(please,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(Orphic)-250(visions)-250(glorified)-250(by)-250(Pindar.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.084 3.959 Td [(2190)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -167.128 -17.508 Td [(We)-352(are)-353(now)-352(on)-353(the)-352(threshold)-353(of)-352(another)-353(world,)-378(from)-352(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(many)-158(voices)-159(were)-158(coming)-159(to)-158(the)-159(age)-158(of)-159(Plutarch.)-219(After)-158(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-343(done)-343(its)-343(utmost)-343(to)-342(mould)-343(the)-343(life)-343(of)-343(sixty)-343(or)-343(seventy)-342(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-242(a)-242(moral)-242(harmony,)-243(with)-242(its)-242(music)-242(in)-241(itself,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.703 3.959 Td [(2191)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.094 -3.959 Td [(the)-242(effort)-242(ends)]TJ -217.797 -13.549 Td [(in)-420(a)-420(melancholy)-420(doubt.)-759(The)-420(precept)-420(of)-420(Seneca)-420(and)-419(Plutarch,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-304(you)-303(should)-304(live)-303(under)-304(the)-304(tutelary)-303(eye)-304(of)-303(some)-304(patron)-303(sage)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-429(the)-428(past,)-473(revealed)-429(a)-428(need)-429(of)-428(exterior)-429(help)-428(for)-429(the)-428(virtuous)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([417])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(will.)-631(The)-376(passion)-377(for)-377(continued)-377(existence)-377(was)-377(sobered)-377(by)-376(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense)-445(of)-445(continued)-445(moral)-445(responsibility)-445(and)-445(the)-445(shadow)-445(of)-445(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(judgment)-266(to)-266(come.)-297(Vistas)-266(of)-265(a)-266(supernatural)-266(world)-266(opened)-265(above)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-201(struggling)-200(human)-201(life)-200(on)-201(earth)-200(and)-201(in)-200(far)-201(mysterious)-200(distances)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beyond.)-993(When)-498(philosophy)-498(had)-498(done)-497(its)-498(utmost)-498(to)-498(heal)-497(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(diseases)-406(of)-405(humanity,)-444(it)-406(was)-406(confronted)-405(with)-406(another)-405(task,)-444(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(give)-369(man)-370(a)-369(true)-370(knowledge)-369(of)-369(God)-370(and)-369(assurance)-370(of)-369(His)-369(help)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-297(this)-298(world)-297(and)-298(the)-297(next.)-392(Philosophy)-298(had)-297(for)-298(ages)-297(held)-297(before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-237(eyes)-237(of)-238(men)-237(a)-237(dim)-237(vision)-237(of)-237(Him,)-240(sublime,)-240(remote,)-239(ineffable.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.16 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.347 Td [(2187)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Consol.)-388(ad)-296(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 67.079 0 Td [(c.)-388(xvii.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 29.376 0 Td [(\304\314)-296(\304\265)-296(\300\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.167 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.2 0 Td [(\264\256\300\305\270\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.786 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.442 0 Td [(\274\271\272\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.328 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-296(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.666 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-296(\264\271\261\306\255\301\265\271\275)]TJ -237.07 -10.959 Td [(\264\277\272\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.098 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.002 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.755 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\265\271\301\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.657 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\306\277\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.472 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\303\271\275)-250(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.416 0 Td [(0\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.913 0 Td [(\275\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.253 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -152.594 -7.31 Td [(2188)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2189)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xv.;)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.789 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(99,)-250(\247)-250(30;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(36;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.7 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -171.346 -7.31 Td [(2190)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Consol.)-626(ad)-376(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 70.638 0 Td [(c.)-626(xxxiv.)-627(xxxv.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 65.91 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.003 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.357 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\301\314\302)-375(\304\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.289 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\277\304\265\304\261\263\274\255\275\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.258 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.912 0 Td [(\247)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.353 -10.959 Td [(\264\271\261\304\301\257\262\277\305\303\271\275)-250(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.309 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304\277\315\304\311\275)-250(\310\305\307\261\257)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.951 0 Td [(:)-250(Pind.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.661 0 Td [(Ol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(ii.)-250(106)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -152.989 -7.311 Td [(2191)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Virt.)-250(Mor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.054 0 Td [(c.)-250(vi.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2258 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2259 0 R /Resources 2257 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2261 0 R >> endobj 2260 0 obj << /D [2258 0 R /XYZ 256.241 274.29 null] >> endobj 2257 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2264 0 obj << /Length 5296 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(506)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(But)-312(it)-312(was)-312(a)-312(vision)-312(for)-312(the)-312(few,)-327(not)-312(for)-312(the)-312(many.)-436(It)-312(was)-311(rather)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(metaphysical)-322(than)-322(moral)-322(and)-323(spiritual)1(.)-467(It)-322(paid)-322(little)-322(heed)-322(to)-322(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(myths)-402(and)-401(mysteries)-402(by)-402(which)-402(humanity)-401(had)-402(been)-402(seeking)-401(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solve)-306(its)-306(spiritual)-305(enigmas.)-418(This)-305(long)-306(travail)-306(of)-306(humanity)-305(could)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-247(be)-248(ignored)-247(by)-248(a)-247(true)-247(religious)-248(philosophy.)-249(Some)-247(means)-247(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-248(found)-247(to)-248(reconcile)-247(ancient)-247(religious)-248(imagination)-247(with)-248(the)-247(best)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Divine.)]TJ 11.956 -15.27 Td [(The)-331(problem)-331(indeed)-331(was)-331(not)-331(a)-331(new)-331(one,)-351(except)-331(in)-331(the)-331(sense)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(that)-211(an)-210(intense)-211(revival)-210(of)-210(religious)-211(faith)-210(or)-211(superstition)-210(demanded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-312(fresh)-312(th\351odic\351e.)-435(As)-312(early)-312(as)-312(the)-312(sixth)-312(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 213.431 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-327(the)-312(simple)]TJ -228.505 -13.549 Td [(faith)-379(in)-380(legend)-379(had)-379(been)-380(shaken)-379(among)-379(the)-380(higher)-379(minds)-379(in)-379(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-394(philosophic)-394(movement)-393(which)-394(extended)-394(over)-394(many)-393(ages.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Some)-296(had)-296(rejected)-296(the)-297(myths)-296(with)-296(scorn.)-388(Others)-296(had)-296(proceeded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-321(the)-321(method)-320(of)-321(more)-321(or)-321(less)-321(critical)-321(selection.)-462(Others,)-338(again,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strove)-260(to)-261(find)-260(in)-261(them)-260(a)-261(historical)-260(kernel,)-263(or)-261(an)-260(esoteric)-260(meaning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(veiled)-322(in)-323(allegory.)-467(The)-323(same)-322(methods)-323(reappeared)-322(in)-323(the)-322(age)-322(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Varro)-244(and)-243(Scaevola,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.615 3.959 Td [(2192)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.109 -3.959 Td [(and,)-245(five)-243(centuries)-244(later,)-245(in)-243(the)-244(theology)]TJ -107.724 -13.549 Td [(of)-475(Macrobius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.653 3.959 Td [(2193)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.523 -3.959 Td [(The)-475(effort,)-531(however,)-531(of)-475(the)-475(Pl)1(atonists)-475(of)]TJ -90.176 -13.549 Td [(the)-359(second)-359(century)-359(has)-360(a)-359(peculiar)-359(interest,)-386(because)-359(some)-359(fresh)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elements)-248(have)-248(been)-249(added)-248(to)-248(the)-248(great)-249(problem)-248(since)-248(the)-248(days)-248(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Xenophanes)-250(and)-250(Euhemerus)-250(and)-250(Varro.)]TJ 11.956 -15.27 Td [(To)-308(Plutarch,)-322(theology)-308(is)-308(the)-308(crown)-307(of)-308(all)-308(philosophy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.496 3.959 Td [(2194)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.058 -3.959 Td [(To)]TJ -268.51 -13.549 Td [(form)-406(true)-406(and)-406(worthy)-406(conceptions)-406(of)-406(the)-406(Divine)-406(Being)-406(is)-406(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(less)-321(important)-321(than)-321(to)-321(pay)-321(Him)-321(pious)-321(worship.)-463(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 248.645 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-321(lofty)]TJ -252.278 -13.549 Td [(conception)-264(of)-264(the)-264(Infinite)-264(and)-264(Supreme,)-268(like)-264(that)-264(of)-264(Maximus)-264(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tyre,)-306(dominates)-294(all)-294(his)-295(system.)-383(In)-294(a)-295(curious)-294(treatise)-295(on)-294(Isis)-294(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([418])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(Osiris,)-297(he)-288(reviews)-287(many)-288(a)-288(device)-287(of)-288(scholastic)-288(subtlety,)-297(many)-287(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crude)-220(guess)-219(of)-219(embryonic)-220(science,)-226(many)-219(a)-219(dream)-220(of)-219(Pythagorean)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mysticism,)-239(to)-237(find)-236(an)-237(inner)-236(meaning)-237(in)-236(the)-237(Egyptian)-236(myth.)-246(Yet)-236(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(embalms,)-320(in)-306(all)-305(this)-306(frigid)-306(scholasticism,)-320(the)-306(highest)-306(and)-305(purest)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.149 Td [(2192)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-250(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.582 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)-250(27;)-250(vi.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.668 -7.31 Td [(2193)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.119 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.859 0 Td [(i.)-557(c.)-556(17;)-404(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.217 0 Td [(Roman)-352(Society)-353(in)-352(the)-352(Last)-352(Century)-353(of)-352(the)-352(W.)]TJ -114.151 -10.959 Td [(Empire)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.397 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(77)-250(\0501st)-250(ed.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.136 -7.311 Td [(2194)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.571 0 Td [(c.)-250(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2263 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2264 0 R /Resources 2262 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2261 0 R >> endobj 2265 0 obj << /D [2263 0 R /XYZ 291.218 176.004 null] >> endobj 2262 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2268 0 obj << /Length 8253 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(507)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(expression)-424(of)-424(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 101.361 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-424(idea)-424(of)-425(the)-424(Supreme.)-772(In)-425(the)-424(end)-424(he)]TJ -104.994 -13.549 Td [(breaks)-257(away)-257(from)-257(all)-257(lower)-257(mundane)-257(conceptions)-257(of)-257(the)-257(Divine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-443(reveals)-443(a)-442(glimpse)-443(of)-443(the)-443(beatific)-443(vision.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 213.424 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(While)-443(we)-443(are)]TJ -218.268 -13.549 Td [(here)-257(below,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.966 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.646 0 Td [(he)-257(says,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.435 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(encumbered)-257(by)-257(bodily)-257(affections,)-258(we)-257(can)]TJ -100.891 -13.55 Td [(have)-236(no)-237(intercourse)-236(with)-237(God,)-239(save)-236(as)-236(in)-237(philosophic)-236(thought)-236(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-328(faintly)-329(touch)-328(Him,)-348(as)-328(in)-329(a)-328(dream.)-485(But)-328(when)-329(our)-328(souls)-328(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(released,)-320(and)-307(have)-306(passed)-306(into)-306(the)-306(region)-307(of)-306(the)-306(pure,)-320(invisible,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-194(changeless,)-205(this)-194(God)-194(will)-194(be)-194(their)-194(guide)-194(and)-194(king)-194(who)-193(depend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-367(Him)-367(and)-367(gaze)-368(with)-367(insatiable)-367(longing)-367(on)-367(the)-367(beauty)-367(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(may)-220(not)-220(be)-220(spoken)-220(of)-219(by)-220(the)-220(lips)-220(of)-220(man.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 175.211 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2195)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.837 -3.959 Td [(To)-220(Plutarch)-220(God)-220(is)]TJ -198.892 -13.549 Td [(the)-204(One,)-214(Supreme,)-214(Eternal)-204(Being,)-214(removed)-204(to)-205(an)-204(infinite)-204(distance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-301(the)-300(mutable)-301(and)-300(mortal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.038 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(the)-301(Bei)1(ng)-301(of)-301(whom)-300(we)-301(can)-300(only)]TJ -137.948 -13.549 Td [(predicate)-417(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.454 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(He)-417(is,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.278 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.397 0 Td [(who)-417(lives)-418(in)-417(an)-418(everlasting)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.817 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(now,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.512 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.398 0 Td [(of)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(whom)-232(it)-232(would)-231(be)-232(irrational)-232(and)-232(impious)-232(to)-231(speak)-232(in)-232(the)-232(terms)-231(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-270(future)-269(or)-269(the)-270(past.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.861 3.959 Td [(2196)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.803 -3.959 Td [(He)-270(is)-269(the)-269(One,)-275(the)-269(Absolute)-270(of)-269(Eleatic)]TJ -113.664 -13.549 Td [(or)-316(Pythagorean)-316(philosophy,)-332(the)-316(Demiurgus)-316(of)-315(Plato,)-333(the)-315(primal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(motive)-381(power)-382(of)-381(Aristotle,)-414(the)-381(World-Soul)-381(of)-382(the)-381(Stoics.)-643(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)-192(is)-192(as)-193(far)-192(removed)-192(from)-192(the)-192(Epicureanism)-192(which)-192(banishes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-376(from)-375(the)-376(universe)-375(as)-376(he)-375(is)-376(from)-375(the)-376(pantheism)-375(of)-376(east)-375(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(west,)-406(which)-374(interfuses)-375(the)-375(world)-374(and)-375(God.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.709 3.959 Td [(2197)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.245 -3.959 Td [(Plutarch)-375(never)]TJ -215.954 -13.549 Td [(abandons)-251(the)-250(Divine)-251(personality,)-251(in)-251(whatever)-250(sense)-251(he)-251(may)-250(hold)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it.)-240(God)-220(is)-220(the)-221(highest)-220(perfection)-220(of)-220(goodness)-220(and)-220(intelligence,)-226(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Creator,)-369(the)-345(watchful)-345(and)-346(benevolent)-345(Providence)-345(of)-345(the)-345(world,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-410(Author)-411(of)-410(all)-410(good.)-731(His)-410(power,)-451(indeed,)-450(is)-410(not)-410(unlimited.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(There)-267(is)-267(a)-266(power)-267(of)-267(evil)-267(in)-267(the)-266(world)-267(which)-267(must)-267(be)-266(recognised.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And,)-451(as)-410(good)-410(cannot)-411(be)-410(the)-411(author)-410(of)-411(evil,)-450(the)-411(origin)-410(of)-410(evil)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 164.84 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 157.944 Td [(2195)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Is.)-250(et)-250(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(lxxix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -67.489 -7.311 Td [(2196)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.802 0 Td [(\225\231)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 9.637 0 Td [(ap.)-285(Delph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.269 0 Td [(c.)-285(xix.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.041 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\270\265\275)-262(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.598 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.333 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\303\271\314\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.281 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271\275)-262(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.136 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-262(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.214 0 Td [(\346)-262(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.358 0 Td [(\275\304\277\302)-262(\273\255\263\265\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.927 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.971 -10.959 Td [(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(")-250(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.796 0 Td [(\303\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.485 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -40.596 -7.31 Td [(2197)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-325(Is.)-477(et)-325(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 56.853 0 Td [(c.)-476(54,)-345(78;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.504 0 Td [(De)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.373 0 Td [(\225\231)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 10.208 0 Td [(ap.)-476(Delph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.553 0 Td [(c.)-476(20;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.209 0 Td [(Def.)-476(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.581 0 Td [(c.)-476(9,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.306 0 Td [(ad)-325(fin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.595 0 Td [(;)]TJ -278.137 -10.959 Td [(Oakesmith,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.855 0 Td [(Rel.)-390(of)-296(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.168 0 Td [(p.)-390(88;)-319(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.96 0 Td [(Phil.)-389(der)-297(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.091 0 Td [(iii.)-390(2,)-308(p.)-389(148;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.727 0 Td [(De)-296(Is.)]TJ -258.801 -10.959 Td [(et)-336(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.678 0 Td [(c.)-507(40,)-357(66;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.035 0 Td [(non)-336(p.)-507(Suav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.415 0 Td [(c.)-507(22,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 25.182 0 Td [(\262\277\267\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.958 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-336(\300\255\306\305\272\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.19 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.444 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301\263\257\266\265\303\270\261\271)-336(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.934 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.776 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.993 -10.959 Td [(\272\261\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.853 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-337(\300\277\271\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.264 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-337(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.035 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.568 0 Td [(\300\255\306\305\272\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.633 0 Td [(:)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 6.297 0 Td [(De)-337(Ser.)-512(Num.)-511(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 78.226 0 Td [(c.)-511(iv.)-512(v.)-511(xviii.;)-381(Nitsch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 89.387 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Plut.)-307(Theologo)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.815 0 Td [(,)-274(p.)-307(8;)-278(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.233 0 Td [(Morale)-269(de)-269(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.286 0 Td [(p.)-307(263;)-278(cf.)-307(Burgmann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 82.429 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(s)]TJ -277.141 -10.959 Td [(Theologie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.865 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(14-20.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2267 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2268 0 R /Resources 2266 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2261 0 R >> endobj 2266 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2271 0 obj << /Length 5887 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(508)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(must)-479(be)-478(sought)-479(in)-479(a)-479(separate)-478(and)-479(original)-479(principle,)-535(distinct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from,)-505(but)-455(not)-454(co-equal)-454(with,)-505(God:)-659(a)-454(principle)-454(recognised)-454(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-389(a)-389(theology)-388(and)-389(philosophy)-389(of)-389(east)-388(and)-389(west,)-424(and)-388(called)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-278(many)-278(names)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.083 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Ahriman)-278(or)-278(Hades,)-284(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.388 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(dyad)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.207 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.874 0 Td [(of)-278(Pythagoras,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -290.06 0 Td [([419])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.999 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(strife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.511 0 Td [(of)-336(Empedocles,)-358(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.706 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(other)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.511 0 Td [(of)-336(Plato.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.911 3.959 Td [(2198)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.986 -3.959 Td [(Its)-336(seat)-336(is)]TJ -238.147 -13.549 Td [(the)-245(World-Soul,)-246(which)-245(has)-245(a)-245(place)-245(alongside)-245(of)-245(God)-245(and)-245(Matter,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(causing)-253(all)-252(that)-253(is)-253(deadly)-252(in)-253(nature,)-253(all)-253(moral)-253(disorder)-252(in)-253(the)-252(soul)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-261(man.)-284(Matter)-262(is)-261(the)-261(seat)-262(both)-261(of)-261(evil)-262(and)-261(good.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.156 3.959 Td [(2199)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.536 -3.959 Td [(In)-261(its)-262(lower)]TJ -230.692 -13.549 Td [(regions)-253(it)-253(may)-253(seem)-253(to)-253(be)-253(wholly)-253(mastered)-253(by)-253(the)-253(evil)-252(principle;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(yet)-250(in)-251(its)-250(essence)-250(it)-251(is)-250(really)-251(struggling)-250(towards)-250(the)-251(good,)-250(and,)-250(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-293(female)-293(principle,)-303(susceptible)-293(to)-293(the)-293(formative)-293(influence)-293(of)-292(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine,)-336(as)-318(well)-318(as)-319(exposed)-318(to)-319(the)-318(incursions)-319(of)-318(evil.)-455(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(theory)-435(of)-435(creation)-434(is,)-481(in)-435(the)-435(main,)-481(that)-435(of)-435(the)-434(Timaeus,)-481(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mingled)-411(elements)-411(of)-411(Stoic)-411(cosmogony.)-733(Through)-411(number)-410(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(harmony)-464(the)-463(Divine)-464(Mind)-463(introduces)-463(order)-464(into)-463(the)-464(mass)-463(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lawless)-331(chaos.)-494(But)-331(while)-332(God)-331(stands)-331(outside)-332(the)-331(cosmos)-331(as)-331(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(creator,)-271(He)-266(is)-267(not)-267(merely)-266(the)-267(divine)-266(craftsman,)-271(but)-267(a)-266(penetrating)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power.)-258(For)-253(from)-253(Him)-253(proceeds)-253(the)-252(soul)-253(which)-253(is)-253(interfused)-252(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(world)-312(and)-312(which)-312(sustains)-312(it.)-437(Through)-312(the)-312(World-Soul,)-327(God)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-340(in)-340(touch)-341(with)-340(all)-340(powers)-340(and)-340(provinces)-341(of)-340(the)-340(universe.)-520(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throughout)-298(the)-298(universe,)-311(as)-298(in)-298(the)-298(human)-299(soul,)-310(there)-298(are)-298(always)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(present)-345(the)-346(two)-345(elements)-346(side)-345(by)-346(side,)-369(the)-346(principles)-345(of)-345(reason)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(unreason,)-250(of)-250(evil)-250(and)-250(of)-250(good.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.062 3.959 Td [(2200)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -137.106 -18.856 Td [(The)-284(vision)-285(of)-284(the)-284(one)-285(eternal,)-293(passionless)-284(Spirit,)-293(far)-284(removed)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(from)-357(the)-356(world)-357(of)-356(chance)-357(and)-356(change)-357(and)-357(earthly)-356(soilure,)-383(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-288(conquest)-287(of)-288(Greek)-287(philosophy,)-297(travailing)-288(for)-287(800)-288(years.)-362(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-272(was)-273(a)-272(vision)-273(far)-272(withdrawn;)-284(it)-272(was)-272(separated)-273(by)-272(an)-272(apparently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impassable)-371(gulf)-371(alike)-372(from)-371(the)-371(dreams)-371(of)-371(Hellenic)-371(legend)-371(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-359(the)-360(struggling)-359(life)-359(of)-359(humanity.)-578(The)-359(poets,)-387(and)-359(even)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poet)-362(of)-361(divinest)-362(inspiration,)-390(had)-362(bequeathed)-361(a)-362(mass)-362(of)-361(legend,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(often)-413(shocking)-413(to)-413(the)-412(later)-413(moral)-413(sense,)-454(yet)-413(always)-412(seductive)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(2198)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(2,)-250(p.)-250(152;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 73.972 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(c.)-250(45-49;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.118 0 Td [(De)-250(St.)-250(Rep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(c.)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -189.019 -7.31 Td [(2199)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(An.)-250(Procr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.543 0 Td [(c.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.175 -7.311 Td [(2200)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(2,)-250(p.)-250(155;)-250(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.513 0 Td [(Tim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(29,)-250(30.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2270 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2271 0 R /Resources 2269 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2261 0 R >> endobj 2272 0 obj << /D [2270 0 R /XYZ 134.754 477.528 null] >> endobj 2269 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2275 0 obj << /Length 7154 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(509)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(by)-488(its)-488(imaginative)-488(charm.)-963(How)-488(to)-488(reconcile)-488(the)-488(fictions)-487(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poetry,)-569(which)-506(had)-505(so)-505(long)-506(enthralled)-505(all)-505(imaginations,)-569(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(higher)-455(spiritual)-455(intuitions,)-507(that)-455(was)-455(the)-455(problem.)-866(It)-455(was)-455(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indeed)-438(a)-437(new)-438(problem.)-812(It)-437(had)-438(driven)-437(Xenophanes)-438(into)-437(open)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(revolt,)-331(it)-315(had)-315(exercised)-315(the)-314(mind)-315(of)-315(the)-315(reverent)-315(Pindar)-315(and)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sceptical)-372(Euripides.)-615(It)-371(had)-372(suggested)-372(to)-371(Plato)-372(the)-372(necessity)-371(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recasting)-428(myth)-428(in)-428(the)-428(light)-427(of)-428(the)-428(Divine)-428(purity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.881 3.959 Td [(2201)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.987 -3.959 Td [(But)-428(the)]TJ -246.868 -13.549 Td [(new)-308(Hellenism)-308(of)-307(the)-308(second)-308(century)-308(was)-308(a)-307(great)-308(literary,)-322(even)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([420])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(more)-224(than)-225(a)-224(theological)-224(or)-224(philosophic,)-230(movement;)-233(and)-224(the)-224(glory)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-402(Greek)-402(literature)-402(was)-402(inseparably)-402(linked)-402(with)-402(the)-402(glory)-402(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-382(shame)-382(of)-382(Greek)-382(mythology.)-646(To)-382(discard)-381(and)-382(repudiate)-382(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(myths)-328(was)-327(to)-328(give)-327(the)-328(lie)-328(to)-327(the)-328(divine)-327(poets.)-483(To)-328(explain)-327(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(away)-294(by)-294(physical)-293(allegory,)-305(in)-294(the)-294(fashion)-294(of)-294(the)-294(Stoic)-293(theology,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-450(to)-450(lower)-450(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 75.383 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(blessed)-450(ones)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.022 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.753 0 Td [(of)-450(Olympus)-450(to)-450(the)-450(stature)-450(of)]TJ -147.002 -13.55 Td [(earthly)-283(kings)-283(and)-283(warriors,)-292(after)-283(the)-283(manner)-283(of)-283(Euhemerus,)-291(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-295(break)-295(the)-295(charm)-295(of)-295(poetic)-295(legend,)-306(and)-295(violate)-295(the)-295(instincts)-295(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancestral)-397(piety.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.651 3.959 Td [(2202)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.988 -3.959 Td [(And)-397(there)-398(were)-397(many)-397(other)-398(claimants)-397(for)]TJ -91.639 -13.549 Td [(devotion)-200(beside)-200(the)-201(ancient)-200(gods)-200(of)-200(Rome)-201(and)-200(Greece.)-233(Persia)-200(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Phrygia,)-207(Commagene)-196(and)-195(Egypt,)-207(every)-196(region)-196(from)-196(the)-196(Sahara)-195(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Cumberland,)-195(were)-180(adding)-181(to)-181(the)-181(pantheon.)-227(Soldiers)-181(and)-180(travellers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-197(bringing)-198(their)-197(tales)-198(of)-197(genii)-198(and)-197(daemons)-198(from)-197(islands)-198(in)-197(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(British)-294(seas)-294(and)-294(the)-294(shores)-294(of)-294(the)-294(Indian)-294(Ocean.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.371 3.959 Td [(2203)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.604 -3.959 Td [(How)-294(could)]TJ -231.975 -13.549 Td [(a)-306(man)-306(trained)-306(in)-307(the)-306(mystic)-306(monotheism)-306(of)-306(800)-306(years)-306(reconcile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-250(to)-250(this)-250(immense)-250(accretion)-250(of)-250(alien)-250(superstition?)]TJ 11.955 -18.228 Td [(On)-419(the)-419(other)-419(hand,)-462(from)-419(whatever)-419(quarter,)-461(a)-419(new)-420(spiritual)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(vision)-269(had)-270(opened,)-274(strange)-269(to)-269(the)-269(ancient)-270(world.)-308(It)-269(is)-269(not)-269(merely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-267(the)-268(conception)-268(of)-267(God)-268(has)-267(become)-268(more)-267(pure)-268(and)-267(lofty;)-276(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whole)-392(attitude)-392(of)-393(the)-392(higher)-392(minds)-392(to)-393(the)-392(Eternal)-392(had)-392(altered.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 131.879 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.067 Td [(2201)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Diog.)-288(Laert.)-288(ix.)-288(\247)-263(18,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 78.73 0 Td [(\263\255\263\301\261\306\265)-263(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.414 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.121 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.992 0 Td [([)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(\236\265\275\277\306\254\275\267\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.823 0 Td [(])]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.341 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\254\274\262\277\305\302)-263(\272\261\270)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 42.784 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.341 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.532 0 Td [(\303\271\314\264\277\305)]TJ -255.937 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)-291(I)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.074 0 Td [(\274\256\301\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.523 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\303\272\316\300\304\311\275)-291(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.195 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-291(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.008 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.312 0 Td [(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.768 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.242 0 Td [(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.24 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-291(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.917 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\301\267\274\255\275\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.926 0 Td [(:)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.462 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.828 0 Td [(extracts)-291(in)-290(Ritter)]TJ -220.132 -10.959 Td [(and)-250(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.577 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.86 0 Td [(p.)-250(82;)-250(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.102 0 Td [(Rep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(ii.)-250(pp.)-250(378-380.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -144.704 -7.31 Td [(2202)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.981 0 Td [(De)-326(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.016 0 Td [(c.)-478(xxiii.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.48 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.581 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(\225)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.448 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\256\274\265\301\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.796 0 Td [(\051)-326(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 16.919 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\261\275)-326(\261\270\265\314\304\267\304\261)-326(\272\261\304\261\303\272\265\264\254\275\275\305\303\271)]TJ -166.595 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.365 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\277\305\274\255\275\267\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.175 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.559 -7.311 Td [(2203)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(18,)-250(21.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2274 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2275 0 R /Resources 2273 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2261 0 R >> endobj 2276 0 obj << /D [2274 0 R /XYZ 46.771 423.331 null] >> endobj 2273 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2279 0 obj << /Length 8739 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(510)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(A)-297(great)-297(spiritual)-297(revolution)-297(had)-297(concurred)-297(with)-297(a)-297(great)-297(political)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revolution.)-239(The)-218(vision)-218(of)-217(the)-218(divine)-218(world)-217(which)-218(satisfied)-218(men)-217(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-284(age)-285(of)-284(Pericles)-284(or)-285(in)-284(the)-284(Punic)-284(wars,)-293(when)-285(religion,)-292(politics,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-196(morality)-196(were)-195(linked)-196(in)-196(unbroken)-196(harmony,)-206(when,)-207(if)-195(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vision)-388(was)-388(bounded,)-422(spiritual)-388(needs)-388(were)-388(less)-388(clamorous,)-422(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-311(moral)-310(life)-311(less)-311(troubled)-311(and)-310(self-conscious,)-326(could)-311(no)-310(longer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appease)-352(the)-351(yearnings)-352(of)-351(the)-351(higher)-352(minds.)-554(Both)-352(morality)-351(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-301(had)-302(become)-301(less)-302(formal)-301(and)-302(external,)-314(more)-301(penetrating)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-350(exigent.)-551(Prayer)-350(was)-350(no)-350(longer)-350(a)-350(formal)-350(litany)-350(for)-350(worldly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(blessings)-404(or)-404(sinful)-403(indulgence,)-442(but)-404(a)-404(colloquy)-404(with)-404(God,)-442(in)-403(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moment)-408(of)-409(spiritual)-408(exaltation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 139.721 3.959 Td [(2204)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.345 -3.959 Td [(The)-408(true)-409(sacrifice)-408(was)-408(no)]TJ -164.066 -13.549 Td [(longer)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.444 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-236(blood)-235(of)-236(bulls,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.926 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.415 0 Td [(but)-236(a)-235(quiet)-236(spirit.)-245(Along)-236(with)-235(a)-236(sense)]TJ -121.629 -13.549 Td [(of)-214(frailty)-214(and)-214(bewilderment,)-221(men)-214(felt)-214(the)-214(need)-214(of)-214(purification)-213(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([421])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-304(support.)-411(The)-303(old)-304(mysteries)-303(and)-304(the)-304(new)-303(cults)-304(from)-303(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(East)-254(had)-255(fostered)-254(a)-254(longing)-254(for)-255(sacramental)-254(peace)-254(and)-254(assurance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-220(another)-220(life,)-225(in)-220(which)-220(the)-220(crooked)-219(should)-220(be)-220(made)-220(straight)-219(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(perverted)-250(be)-250(restored.)]TJ 11.956 -16.83 Td [(In)-449(Maximus)-449(of)-449(Tyre,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.41 3.959 Td [(2205)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.88 -3.959 Td [(although)-449(he)-449(has)-449(no)-449(claim)-449(to)-450(the)]TJ -131.246 -13.549 Td [(reputation)-465(of)-464(a)-465(strong)-465(and)-464(original)-465(thinker,)-518(we)-465(see)-465(this)-464(new)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-287(spirit)-286(of)-287(the)-287(second)-286(century)-287(perhaps)-287(in)-286(its)-287(purest)-286(form.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Man)-201(is)-201(an)-201(enigma,)-210(a)-201(contradiction,)-211(a)-201(being)-201(placed)-201(on)-201(the)-200(confines)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-257(two)-257(worlds.)-272(A)-257(beast)-257(in)-257(his)-257(fleshly)-257(nature,)-259(he)-257(is)-257(akin)-257(to)-257(God)-257(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-266(higher)-267(part,)-270(nay,)-270(the)-266(son)-267(of)-266(God.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.28 3.959 Td [(2206)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.698 -3.959 Td [(Even)-266(the)-267(noblest)-266(spirits)]TJ -177.978 -13.549 Td [(here)-337(below)-336(live)-337(in)-337(a)-336(sort)-337(of)-337(twilight,)-358(or)-337(in)-336(a)-337(heady)-336(excitement,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-282(intoxication)-281(of)-282(the)-281(senses.)-345(Yet,)-289(cramped)-282(as)-281(it)-282(is)-281(in)-282(the)-281(prison)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 175.799 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 168.986 Td [(2204)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.82 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.74 0 Td [(10,)-291(\247)-283(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.501 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.74 0 Td [(41,)-291(\247)-283(1;)-300(Pers.)-349(ii.)-349(73;)-299(Max.)-349(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 115.935 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.721 0 Td [(xi.)-349(\247)-283(8,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 28.703 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.083 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\263\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.025 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.778 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-350(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.009 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.689 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\314\306\277\305)-350(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.946 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.358 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-351(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.396 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\267\303\271\275)-351(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.11 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-351(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.154 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.688 0 Td [(\300\261\301\314\275\304\311\275\207)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.594 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.419 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-350(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.373 0 Td [(\274\271\273\257\261\275)]TJ -256.537 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.882 0 Td [(\264\271\254\273\265\272\304\277\275)-250(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.826 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.225 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-250(\270\265\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.609 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-250(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.672 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.881 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\261\301\314\275\304\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.19 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.489 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.:)-251(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.367 0 Td [(Moralistes)]TJ -242.272 -10.958 Td [(sous)-250(l)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 20.677 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Emp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(p.)-250(163;)-250(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.552 0 Td [(Id\351es)-250(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.046 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(245)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -150.918 -7.395 Td [(2205)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.694 -3.809 Td [(Of)-330(the)-330(life)-330(of)-330(Maximus)-330(of)-330(Tyre)-330(little)-330(is)-330(known.)-490(He)-330(began)-330(his)-330(career)-330(as)-330(a)]TJ -11.955 -10.959 Td [(teacher)-327(probably)-326(about)-327(155)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 102.844 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.906 0 Td [(Like)-326(other)-327(philosophers)-326(of)-327(his)-326(time,)-346(he)-327(had)]TJ -121.75 -10.959 Td [(travelled)-261(widely.)-282(See)-261(the)-261(references)-261(to)-261(Arabia)-260(and)-261(Phrygia)-261(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 221.531 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.523 0 Td [(viii.,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.807 0 Td [(e.g.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.286 0 Td [(\247)]TJ -276.147 -10.958 Td [(8,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.875 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.999 0 Td [(\301\254\262\271\277\271)-237(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.156 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-237(\303\255\262\277\305\303\271)-238(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.085 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.674 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275\304\271\275\261)-237(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.713 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.894 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)-237(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.166 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\261\207)-237(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.038 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.593 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-237(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.601 0 Td [(\263\261\273\274\261)-237(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.134 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.306 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.392 0 Td [(\273\257\270\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.096 0 Td [(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\304\265\304\301\254\263\311\275\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.675 0 Td [(.)-250(Cf.)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(2,)-250(p.)-250(183)-250(n.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -46.415 -7.311 Td [(2206)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.35 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iv.)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2278 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2279 0 R /Resources 2277 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2261 0 R >> endobj 2280 0 obj << /D [2278 0 R /XYZ 305.185 355.585 null] >> endobj 2277 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2283 0 obj << /Length 5532 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(511)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-312(the)-311(flesh,)-327(the)-312(soul)-312(may)-311(raise)-312(itself)-312(above)-311(the)-312(misty)-312(region)-311(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perpetual)-382(change)-382(towards)-382(the)-382(light)-382(of)-382(the)-382(Eternal.)-646(For,)-415(in)-382(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slumber)-214(of)-214(this)-215(mortal)-214(life,)-221(the)-214(pure)-215(spirit)-214(is)-214(sometimes)-214(visited)-214(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(visions)-310(coming)-310(through)-309(the)-310(gate)-310(of)-309(horn,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.172 3.958 Td [(2207)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.98 -3.958 Td [(visions)-310(of)-310(another)]TJ -201.152 -13.55 Td [(world)-229(seen)-229(in)-228(some)-229(former)-229(time.)-243(And,)-233(following)-229(them,)-233(the)-228(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hero,)-350(like)-331(Heracles,)-350(the)-331(model)-330(of)-330(strenuous)-331(virtue,)-350(through)-330(toil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-278(tribulation)-278(may)-278(gain)-278(the)-279(crown.)-334(On)-278(this)-278(stormy)-278(sea)-278(of)-278(time,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)-273(gives)-273(us)-272(the)-273(veil)-273(of)-272(Leucothea)-273(to)-273(charm)-273(the)-272(troubled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(waters.)-263(It)-255(is)-254(true)-255(that)-254(only)-255(when)-254(release)-255(comes)-254(at)-254(death,)-256(does)-254(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(soul)-252(attain)-253(to)-252(the)-252(full)-252(vision)-253(of)-252(God.)-256(For)-253(the)-252(Highest)-252(is)-252(separated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-431(us)-431(by)-431(a)-431(great)-431(gulf.)-793(Yet)-431(the)-431(analysis)-431(of)-431(the)-431(soul)-430(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Maximus)-389(partly)-388(borrows)-389(from)-388(Aristotle,)-424(discovers)-388(His)-389(seat)-388(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us,)-449(the)-410(highest)-409(reason,)-449(that)-410(power)-409(of)-409(intuitive,)-449(all-embracing,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instantaneous)-523(vision,)-592(which)-523(is)-523(distinct)-523(from)-523(the)-523(slower)-523(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tentative)-397(operations)-397(of)-397(the)-396(understanding.)-691(It)-397(is)-397(by)-397(this)-396(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faculty)-281(that)-281(God)-281(is)-281(seen,)-289(so)-281(far)-281(as)-281(He)-281(may)-281(be,)-289(in)-281(this)-281(mixed)-281(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperfect)-239(state.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.137 3.959 Td [(2208)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.127 -3.959 Td [(For)-239(the)-239(vision)-240(of)-239(God)-239(can)-239(only)-239(in)-240(any)-239(degree)]TJ -86.264 -13.549 Td [(be)-377(won)-378(by)-377(abstraction)-377(from)-377(sense)-378(and)-377(passion)-377(and)-377(everything)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(earthly,)-496(in)-446(a)-446(struggle)-447(ever)-446(upwards,)-496(beyond)-446(the)-447(paths)-446(of)-446(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(heavenly)-241(orbs,)-242(to)-240(the)-241(region)-240(of)-241(eternal)-240(calm)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 191.574 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(where)-241(falls)-240(not)-241(rain)]TJ -196.417 -13.549 Td [(or)-266(hail)-265(or)-266(any)-265(snow,)-269(but)-266(a)-265(white)-266(cloudless)-265(radiance)-266(spreads)-265(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 13.637 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2209)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.609 -3.959 Td [(And)-199(when)-199(may)-199(we)-199(see)-199(God?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.874 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Thou)-199(shalt)-199(see)-199(Him)-199(fully,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 108.98 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(Maximus)-355(says,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.748 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(only)-355(when)-354(He)-355(calls)-354(thee,)-381(in)-354(age)-355(or)-355(deat)1(h,)-381(but)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.432 0 Td [([422])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(meantime)-182(glimpses)-183(of)-182(the)-183(Beauty)-182(which)-182(eye)-183(hath)-182(not)-183(seen)-182(nor)-182(can)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tongue)-292(speak)-291(of,)-302(may)-292(be)-291(won,)-302(if)-292(the)-292(veils)-291(and)-292(wrappings)-291(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hide)-349(His)-350(splendour)-349(be)-350(torn)-349(away.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.639 3.959 Td [(2210)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.418 -3.959 Td [(But)-349(do)-350(not)-349(thou)-350(profane)]TJ -172.057 -13.549 Td [(Him)-390(by)-389(offering)-390(vain)-389(prayers)-390(for)-390(earthly)-389(things)-390(which)-389(belong)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-425(the)-425(world)-425(of)-424(chance)-425(or)-425(which)-425(may)-425(be)-425(obtained)-425(by)-424(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effort,)-260(things)-258(for)-258(which)-257(the)-258(worthy)-258(need)-258(not)-258(pray,)-260(and)-258(which)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unworthy)-260(will)-259(not)-260(obtain.)-278(The)-260(only)-259(prayer)-260(which)-259(is)-260(answered,)-261(is)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.31 Td [(2207)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(\247)-250(1,)-250(\247)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2208)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xvii.)-250(\247)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2209)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\247)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2210)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.349 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(xvii.)-250(\247)-250(11.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2282 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2283 0 R /Resources 2281 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2285 0 R >> endobj 2284 0 obj << /D [2282 0 R /XYZ 173.124 220.093 null] >> endobj 2281 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2288 0 obj << /Length 6633 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(512)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-250(prayer)-250(for)-250(goodness,)-250(peace,)-250(and)-250(hope)-250(in)-250(death.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 218.422 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2211)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -211.309 -19.229 Td [(How)-393(could)-393(a)-393(Platonist)-393(of)-393(the)-393(second)-393(century,)-429(we)-393(may)-392(ask,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(holding)-591(such)-591(a)-591(spiritual)-591(creed,)-676(reconcile)-591(himself)-591(to)-590(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mythology,)-556(nay,)-557(to)-495(all)-495(the)-495(mythologies,)-557(with)-495(all)-495(the)-495(selfish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grossness)-278(of)-279(their)-278(ritual?)-335(Plutarch)-279(and)-278(Maximus)-279(of)-278(Tyre)-278(answer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-466(question)-466(by)-465(a)-466(piously)-466(ingenious)-466(interpretation)-466(of)-465(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(legend,)-416(and)-383(partly)-383(by)-382(a)-383(system)-383(of)-383(daemons,)-416(of)-383(mediating)-382(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ministering)-301(spirits,)-314(who)-301(fill)-301(the)-301(interval)-301(between)-301(the)-301(changeless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Infinite)-250(and)-250(the)-250(region)-250(of)-250(sin)-250(and)-250(change.)]TJ 11.956 -15.27 Td [(In)-271(religion,)-276(they)-271(say,)-276(in)-270(effect,)-276(we)-271(must)-271(take)-271(human)-271(nature)-270(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(we)-236(find)-235(it.)-245(We)-236(are)-236(not)-235(legislating)-236(for)-235(a)-236(young)-235(race,)-239(just)-235(springing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-443(the)-443(earth,)-492(but)-443(for)-443(races)-443(with)-443(conceptions)-443(of)-443(the)-443(Divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-273(run)-274(back)-273(through)-274(countless)-273(ages.)-320(There)-273(may)-274(be,)-279(here)-273(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(there,)-317(an)-304(elect)-304(few)-304(who)-304(can)-304(raise)-304(their)-303(minds,)-318(in)-304(rare)-303(moments,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-244(the)-244(pure)-243(vision)-244(of)-244(the)-244(Eternal.)-248(But)-243(heaven)-244(is)-244(so)-244(far)-244(from)-243(earth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-316(earth)-317(is)-316(so)-316(darkened)-316(by)-316(the)-317(mists)-316(of)-316(sense,)-333(that)-316(temple)-316(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(image)-389(and)-389(sacred)-389(litany,)-423(and)-389(the)-389(myths)-389(created)-389(by)-389(the)-388(genius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-404(poets,)-443(or)-404(imposed)-404(by)-404(lawgivers,)-442(are)-404(needed)-404(to)-404(sustain)-404(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(give)-301(expression)-300(to)-301(the)-300(vague)-301(impotent)-300(yearnings)-301(of)-300(the)-301(mass)-300(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.513 3.959 Td [(2212)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.091 -3.959 Td [(The)-230(higher)-229(intuitions)-230(of)-229(religion)-230(must)-229(be)-230(translated)-229(into)]TJ -40.604 -13.549 Td [(material)-356(symbolism;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.021 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(here)-356(we)-356(see,)-383(as)-356(through)-356(a)-356(glass)-356(darkly.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 175.921 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(And)-445(the)-445(symbols)-445(of)-445(sacred)-445(truth)-445(are)-445(as)-445(various)-445(as)-445(the)-445(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tribes)-306(of)-306(men.)-418(Some,)-320(like)-306(the)-306(Egyptian)-306(worship)-306(of)-306(animals,)-319(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-434(a)-434(degraded)-434(type.)-802(The)-434(Greek)-434(anthropomorphism,)-479(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(falling)-369(far)-369(short)-369(of)-370(the)-369(grandeur)-369(and)-369(purity)-369(of)-369(the)-370(Infinite,)-398(yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(furnishes)-365(its)-364(noblest)-365(image,)-393(because)-365(it)-365(has)-364(glorified)-365(by)-364(artistic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(genius)-362(the)-362(human)-361(body,)-390(which)-362(has)-361(been)-362(chosen)-362(as)-362(the)-361(earthly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(home)-258(of)-259(the)-258(rational)-259(soul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.175 3.958 Td [(2213)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.442 -3.958 Td [(And)-258(the)-259(cause)-258(of)-259(myth)-258(and)-259(plastic)]TJ -131.617 -13.55 Td [(art)-424(are)-424(really)-424(one;)-512(nay,)-467(there)-424(is)-424(no)-425(opposition)-424(or)-424(contrast,)-467(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([423])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(fact,)-307(between)-296(poetic)-295(mythology)-296(and)-295(religious)-296(philosophy.)-386(They)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.149 Td [(2211)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xi.)-250(\247)-250(2,)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2212)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.875 0 Td [(viii.)-247(\247)-242(2,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.973 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.151 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\270\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.072 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.824 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-241(\272\277\274\271\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.513 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.953 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)-241(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.338 0 Td [(\275\270\301\311\300\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.065 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)-241(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.456 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.802 0 Td [(\264\271\265\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.838 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-242(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.145 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.711 0 Td [(\270\265\257\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -260.743 -10.959 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\303\277\275)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.004 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\301\261\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.004 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\303\267\274\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.673 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\261)-250(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.511 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.805 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274\267\307\261\275\256\303\261\304\277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.334 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -170.348 -7.311 Td [(2213)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247)-250(59)-250(\050404)-250(R\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2287 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2288 0 R /Resources 2286 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2285 0 R >> endobj 2289 0 obj << /D [2287 0 R /XYZ 339.072 135.356 null] >> endobj 2286 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2292 0 obj << /Length 6432 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(513)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(are)-483(different)-483(methods)-483(of)-484(teaching)-483(religious)-483(truth,)-541(adapted)-483(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(different)-314(stages)-315(of)-314(intellectual)-315(development.)-443(Myth)-315(is)-314(the)-314(poetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)-454(of)-454(a)-453(simple)-454(age,)-505(for)-453(whose)-454(ears)-454(the)-454(mystic)-453(truth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-290(be)-290(sweetened)-291(by)-290(music,)-300(an)-290(age)-291(whose)-290(eyes)-290(cannot)-290(bear)-290(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gaze)-223(on)-224(the)-223(Divine)-223(splendour)-223(unveiled.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.421 3.959 Td [(2214)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.959 Td [(Philosophic)-223(theology)]TJ -188.489 -13.549 Td [(is)-427(for)-427(an)-427(age)-426(of)-427(rationalism)-427(and)-427(inquiry;)-515(it)-427(would)-427(have)-426(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unintelligible)-379(to)-379(the)-379(simple)-379(imaginative)-379(childhood)-379(of)-379(the)-378(race.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Maximus)-433(has)-432(the)-433(same)-432(faith)-433(as)-433(Plutarch)-432(that)-433(the)-432(mythopoeic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-429(possessed,)-473(along)-429(with)-429(an)-429(enthralling)-428(artistic)-429(skill,)-474(all)-428(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(speculative)-489(depth)-489(and)-489(subtlety)-489(of)-488(later)-489(ages.)-967(It)-489(is)-489(almost)-488(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profanity)-323(to)-323(imagine)-323(that)-322(Homer)-323(or)-323(Hesiod)-323(or)-323(Pindar)-323(were)-322(less)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-223(philosophers)-223(than)-223(Aristotle)-223(or)-223(Chrysippus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.495 3.959 Td [(2215)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.959 Td [(It)-223(was)-223(assumed)]TJ -214.563 -13.549 Td [(that)-432(the)-431(early)-432(myth-makers)-431(and)-432(lawgivers)-431(possessed)-432(a)-431(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lore)-359(of)-358(immense)-359(value)-358(and)-359(undoubted)-359(truth,)-385(which)-359(they)-358(dimly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shadowed)-420(forth)-420(in)-420(symbolism)-420(of)-420(fanciful)-420(tale)-420(or)-420(allegory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2216)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-331(myth)-332(at)-331(once)-332(hides)-331(and)-331(reveals)-332(the)-331(mystery)-332(of)-331(the)-331(Divine.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(If)-373(a)-373(man)-372(comes)-373(to)-373(its)-372(interpretation)-373(with)-373(the)-373(proper)-372(discipline)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-335(acumen,)-356(the)-335(kernel)-334(of)-335(spiritual)-335(or)-335(physical)-335(meaning)-334(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-436(reverently)-436(veiled)-436(from)-436(the)-436(profane)-436(eye)-436(will)-436(disclose)-435(itself.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(And)-261(thus)-262(the)-261(later)-262(philosophic)-261(theologian)-262(is)-261(not)-262(reading)-261(his)-261(own)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(higher)-362(thoughts)-362(of)-361(God)-362(into)-362(the)-361(grotesque)-362(fancies)-362(of)-362(a)-361(remote)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(antiquity;)-223(he)-208(is)-209(evolving)-209(and)-208(interpreting)-209(a)-209(wisdom)-209(more)-208(original)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-257(his)-256(own.)-270(In)-257(this)-257(process)-256(of)-257(rediscovering)-257(a)-256(lost)-257(tradition,)-258(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pushes)-355(aside)-355(the)-355(mass)-355(of)-355(erroneous)-355(interpretations)-355(which)-355(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(perverted)-323(the)-323(original)-323(doctrine,)-341(by)-323(literal)-323(acceptance)-323(of)-323(what)-323(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-304(figurative,)-317(by)-303(abuse)-304(of)-304(names)-303(and)-304(neglect)-304(of)-303(realities,)-317(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stopping)-250(at)-250(the)-250(symbol)-250(instead)-250(of)-250(rising)-250(to)-250(the)-250(divine)-250(fact.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.203 3.959 Td [(2217)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -239.247 -23.04 Td [(The)-178(treatise)-179(of)-178(Plutarch)-179(on)-178(Isis)-179(and)-178(Osiris)-179(is)-178(the)-179(best)-178(illustration)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.311 Td [(2214)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-311(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.45 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.609 0 Td [(x.)-311(\247)-271(3,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.62 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.58 0 Td [(\310\305\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.822 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 7.213 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.517 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.06 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\304\277)-270(\306\271\273\277\303\277\306\257\261\302)-271(\274\277\305\303\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 81.539 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-270(\304\271\275\277\302)-271(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.832 0 Td [(.)]TJ -278.388 -10.959 Td [(Cf.)-250(\247)-250(5,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 29.14 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\261)-250(\274\265\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.515 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.948 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\271\263\274\254\304\311\275)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.181 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\300\261\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.709 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\300\277\271\267\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.169 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.18 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\300\261\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.709 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\314\306\277\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.788 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -271.713 -7.394 Td [(2215)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(x.)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2216)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.012 0 Td [(De)-290(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.371 0 Td [(lxviii.;)-310(xx.;)-310(Max.)-370(Tyr.)-370(x.)-370(\247\247)-290(5-7;)-310(cf.)-370(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 168.234 0 Td [(Som.)-370(Scip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.281 0 Td [(i.)-370(2,)]TJ -265.853 -10.959 Td [(7-19;)-250(Hatch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.064 0 Td [(Hibbert)-250(Lec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.567 0 Td [(p.)-250(55)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -97.371 -7.311 Td [(2217)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(lxvi.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2291 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2292 0 R /Resources 2290 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2285 0 R >> endobj 2290 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2295 0 obj << /Length 8395 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(514)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-353(this)-353(attitude)-354(to)-353(myth.)-559(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 149.096 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-353(theology,)-379(though)-353(primarily)]TJ -152.729 -13.549 Td [(Hellenic,)-454(does)-413(not)-414(confine)-413(its)-413(gaze)-414(to)-413(the)-413(Greek)-414(Olympus;)-494(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-383(intended)-383(to)-383(be)-383(the)-383(science)-383(of)-383(human)-383(religion)-383(in)-383(general.)-648(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gives)-296(formal)-296(expression)-295(to)-296(the)-296(growing)-296(tendency)-296(to)-295(syncretism.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-294(central)-293(truth)-294(of)-293(it)-294(is,)-304(that)-294(as)-294(the)-293(sun)-294(and)-293(moon,)-305(under)-293(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(different)-253(names,)-254(shed)-252(their)-253(light)-253(on)-253(all,)-254(so)-253(the)-253(gods)-253(are)-252(variously)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([424])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(invoked)-351(and)-351(honoured)-351(by)-351(various)-350(tribes)-351(of)-351(men.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.765 3.959 Td [(2218)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.467 -3.959 Td [(But)-351(there)]TJ -239.232 -13.549 Td [(is)-341(one)-340(supreme)-341(Ruler)-341(and)-341(Providence)-340(common)-341(to)-341(all.)-522(And)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lower)-212(deities)-212(of)-212(different)-211(countries)-212(may)-212(often)-212(be)-212(identified)-212(by)-211(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(theologian,)-183(under)-167(all)-166(varieties)-167(of)-166(title)-167(and)-167(attri)1(bute.)-223(So,)-183(to)-166(Plutarch)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-395(to)-394(Herodotus,)-431(the)-395(immemorial)-395(worships)-394(of)-395(Egypt)-395(were)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prototypes)-301(or)-300(the)-301(counterparts)-301(of)-300(the)-301(cults)-301(of)-301(Greece.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.366 3.959 Td [(2219)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.824 -3.959 Td [(There)]TJ -255.19 -13.549 Td [(was)-292(a)-291(temple)-292(of)-291(Osiris)-292(at)-291(Delphi,)-302(and)-292(Clea,)-301(to)-292(whom)-291(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.549 Td [(treatise)-503(is)-503(addressed,)-566(was)-503(not)-503(only)-503(a)-503(hereditary)-503(priestess)-503(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-394(Egyptian)-395(god,)-430(but)-394(held)-394(a)-395(leading)-394(place)-394(among)-394(the)-394(female)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ministers)-241(of)-241(Dionysus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.285 3.959 Td [(2220)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.132 -3.959 Td [(It)-241(was)-241(fitting)-240(that)-241(a)-241(person)-240(so)-241(catholic)]TJ -117.417 -13.549 Td [(in)-384(her)-384(sympathies)-384(should)-384(have)-384(dedicated)-384(to)-384(her)-384(the)-384(treatise)-383(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(Plutarch)-250(expounds)-250(his)-250(all-embracing)-250(theology.)]TJ 11.955 -13.549 Td [(In)-204(this)-204(treatise)-204(we)-204(see)-204(the)-204(new)-204(theology)-204(wrestling)-204(in)-204(a)-204(hopeless)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(struggle)-367(to)-367(unite)-367(the)-367(thought)-367(of)-367(Pythagoras)-367(and)-367(Plato)-367(with)-366(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grossness)-334(of)-334(Egyptian)-334(myth.)-502(It)-334(is)-334(a)-334(striking,)-355(but)-334(not)-334(a)-334(solitary,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(example)-435(of)-434(the)-435(misapplication)-435(of)-434(dialectic)-435(skill)-435(and)-434(learning,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-415(find)-415(the)-414(thoughts)-415(of)-415(the)-415(present)-415(in)-414(the)-415(fancies)-415(of)-415(the)-414(past,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-508(from)-508(a)-508(mistaken)-508(piety,)-573(to)-508(ignore)-508(the)-508(onward)-508(march)-508(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(humanity.)-575(Arbitrary)-358(interpretations)-358(of)-359(myth,)-385(alike)-358(unhistorical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-443(unscientific,)-491(make)-443(us)-443(wonder)-443(how)-443(they)-443(could)-443(ever)-443(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occurred)-267(to)-267(men)-266(of)-267(intellect)-267(and)-267(learning.)-300(Yet)-267(the)-267(explanation)-266(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-328(far)-328(to)-327(seek.)-484(More)-327(elevated)-328(conceptions)-328(of)-328(God,)-347(the)-327(purged)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.838 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.026 Td [(2218)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.773 0 Td [(De)-467(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.544 0 Td [(c.)-901(lxvii.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.064 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.239 0 Td [(%)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\273\271\277\302)-467(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.959 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.824 0 Td [(\303\265\273\256\275\267)-467(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.375 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.823 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\301\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.539 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-467(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.123 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.823 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.842 -10.959 Td [(\272\277\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.221 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.387 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\303\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.468 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.031 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275\277\274\254\266\265\304\261\271)-299(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 44.069 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.665 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.271 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.665 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.291 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.031 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.47 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-299(\273\314\263\277\305)-299(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.808 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.226 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.562 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ -272.066 -10.959 Td [(\272\277\303\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.622 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\277\302)-234(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.902 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.733 0 Td [(\274\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.469 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-234(\300\301\277\275\277\257\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.333 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\304\301\277\300\265\305\277\315\303\267\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.731 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.338 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(\264\305\275\254\274\265\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.612 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\277\305\301\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.272 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.643 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.993 -10.959 Td [(\300\254\275\304\261\302)-414(\304\265\304\261\263\274\255\275\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 74.312 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.322 0 Td [(\025)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\304\265\301\261\271)-414(\300\261\301)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 36.673 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.698 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\304\255\301\277\271\302)-414(\272\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.514 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.42 0 Td [(\275\314\274\277\305\302)-414(\263\265\263\314\275\261\303\271)-414(\304\271\274\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 82.893 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.349 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.993 -10.959 Td [(\300\301\277\303\267\263\277\301\257\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.531 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.917 -7.31 Td [(2219)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(lxi.;)-250(xxxv.;)-250(cf.)-250(Herodot.)-250(ii.)-250(c.)-250(50.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2220)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxxv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2294 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2295 0 R /Resources 2293 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2285 0 R >> endobj 2296 0 obj << /D [2294 0 R /XYZ 212.74 450.429 null] >> endobj 2293 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2299 0 obj << /Length 5473 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(515)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-316(clarified)-317(religious)-316(intuition,)-333(do)-317(not)-316(readily)-317(find)-316(a)-316(substitute)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-258(the)-257(old)-258(symbolism)-257(to)-258(express)-258(their)-257(visions.)-273(Religion,)-259(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-298(other)-298(institution,)-310(depends)-298(for)-298(its)-298(power)-298(on)-298(antiquity,)-310(on)-297(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charm)-301(of)-301(ancestral)-301(pieties.)-403(A)-301(religious)-301(symbol)-301(is)-301(doubly)-301(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(when)-250(it)-250(has)-250(ministered)-250(to)-250(the)-250(devotion)-250(of)-250(many)-250(generations.)]TJ 11.956 -14.492 Td [(In)-270(interpreting)-271(the)-270(powerful)-270(cult)-271(of)-270(Isis,)-276(which)-270(was)-270(spreading)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(rapidly)-211(over)-211(the)-211(western)-211(world,)-219(Plutarch)-211(had)-211(two)-211(objects)-211(in)-210(view.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(By)-455(reverent)-455(explanation)-455(of)-455(its)-455(legends)-455(and)-454(ritual,)-507(he)-454(desired)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-416(counteract)-417(its)-416(immoral)-416(and)-417(superstitious)-416(tendencies;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.444 3.959 Td [(2221)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.888 -3.959 Td [(he)]TJ -270.332 -13.549 Td [(also)-426(wished,)-471(in)-426(discussing)-427(a)-426(worship)-427(so)-426(multiform)-427(as)-426(that)-426(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Isis,)-517(to)-463(develop)-464(his)-463(attitude)-464(to)-463(myth)-464(in)-463(general.)-891(We)-463(cannot)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([425])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(follow)-417(him)-417(minutely)-417(in)-417(his)-417(survey)-417(of)-417(the)-417(various)-417(attempts)-416(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)-322(to)-322(find)-322(the)-322(basis)-322(of)-322(truth)-322(in)-322(Egyptian)-322(legend.)-465(Some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-265(these)-265(explanations,)-269(such)-265(as)-265(the)-265(Euhemerist,)-269(he)-265(would)-265(dismiss)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-358(once)-359(as)-358(atheistic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.375 3.959 Td [(2222)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.712 -3.959 Td [(On)-358(others,)-386(which)-358(founded)-358(themselves)]TJ -111.087 -13.549 Td [(on)-288(physical)-287(allegory,)-297(he)-287(would)-288(not)-287(be)-288(so)-287(dogmatic,)-297(although)-287(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(might)-328(reject)-328(as)-328(impious)-329(any)-328(tendency)-328(to)-328(identify)-328(the)-328(gods)-328(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural)-353(powers)-352(and)-353(products.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 129.389 3.959 Td [(2223)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.523 -3.959 Td [(As)-353(a)-352(positive)-353(contribution)-352(to)]TJ -151.912 -13.549 Td [(religious)-213(philosophy,)-220(the)-212(treatise)-213(is)-213(chiefly)-212(valuable)-213(for)-213(its)-212(theory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-310(Evil)-310(and)-310(of)-310(daemonic)-310(powers,)-325(and)-310(above)-310(all)-310(for)-310(the)-309(doctrine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(unity)-250(of)-250(God,)-250(the)-250(central)-250(truth)-250(of)-250(all)-250(religions.)]TJ 11.956 -14.493 Td [(The)-482(daemonology)-481(of)-482(the)-482(Platonists)-481(of)-482(the)-482(second)-481(century)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(had)-425(its)-425(roots)-425(deep)-425(in)-425(the)-425(Hellenic)-425(past,)-469(as)-425(it)-425(was)-424(destined)-425(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-383(a)-383(long)-383(future.)-649(But)-383(it)-383(was)-383(specially)-383(evoked)-383(by)-383(the)-382(needs)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-443(the)-443(pagan)-442(revival)-443(of)-443(the)-443(Antonine)-443(age.)-828(The)-443(doctrine)-442(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assumed)-217(many)-218(forms)-217(in)-217(previous)-217(Greek)-217(thought)-218(from)-217(the)-217(days)-217(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hesiod,)-287(and)-280(it)-280(has)-280(various)-280(aspects,)-288(and)-280(serves)-280(various)-279(purposes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-395(the)-395(hands)-395(of)-394(Plutarch,)-431(Apuleius,)-431(and)-395(Maximus)-395(of)-395(Tyre.)-684(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-410(in)-410(the)-409(first)-410(place)-410(an)-410(apologetic)-409(for)-410(heathenism)-410(in)-410(an)-409(age)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(distracted)-291(between)-291(a)-291(lofty)-291(conception)-291(of)-291(one)-291(infinite)-291(Father)-290(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legends)-299(of)-299(many)-299(lands)-299(and)-299(many)-299(ages,)-311(which)-299(were)-299(consecrated)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(2221)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xx.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2222)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxiii.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.781 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\270\265\314\304\267\304\261)-250(\272\261\304\261\303\272\265\264\254\275\275\305\303\271)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 98.28 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.365 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\277\305\274\255\275\267\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.175 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -267.833 -7.311 Td [(2223)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(lxvi.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2298 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2299 0 R /Resources 2297 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2285 0 R >> endobj 2300 0 obj << /D [2298 0 R /XYZ 298.318 381.74 null] >> endobj 2297 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2303 0 obj << /Length 7939 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(516)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(by)-215(long)-214(tradition,)-222(yet)-215(often)-215(shocking)-214(to)-215(the)-215(spiritual)-215(sense.)-238(As)-214(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-340(of)-341(God)-340(became)-341(purer)-340(and)-340(seemed)-341(to)-340(withdraw)-340(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remoter)-401(distances,)-439(souls)-401(like)-401(Apuleius,)-438(wedded)-401(to)-401(the)-401(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rites,)-234(found)-230(in)-230(the)-231(daemons,)-234(ranging)-230(between)-230(earth)-230(and)-230(ether,)-234(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(means)-293(of)-293(conveying)-293(answers)-292(to)-293(prayer,)-304(of)-293(inspiring)-293(dreams)-292(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prophecy,)-413(of)-380(ordering)-380(all)-380(the)-380(machinery)-380(of)-380(divination.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.09 3.959 Td [(2224)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.42 -3.959 Td [(To)]TJ -268.51 -13.549 Td [(others,)-204(such)-193(as)-193(Maximus)-193(of)-193(Tyre,)-204(the)-193(doctrine)-193(seemed)-193(to)-192(discover)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-225(spiritual)-226(support)-225(for)-225(human)-225(frailty,)-231(guardians)-225(in)-225(temptation)-225(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-295(cri)1(ses)-295(of)-294(life,)-306(mediators)-294(between)-295(the)-294(human)-295(spirit,)-305(immured)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-264(a)-264(time)-264(in)-264(the)-264(prison)-264(of)-264(the)-265(flesh,)-267(and)-264(the)-264(remote)-264(purity)-264(of)-264(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Supreme.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.509 3.959 Td [(2225)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.733 -3.959 Td [(To)-298(other)-298(minds)-298(the)-297(daemon)-298(is)-298(no)-298(external)-298(power,)]TJ -62.242 -13.549 Td [(but)-295(dwelling)-295(within)-294(each)-295(soul,)-306(as)-295(its)-294(divine)-295(part,)-306(a)-295(kind)-295(of)-294(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personality,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.208 3.959 Td [(2226)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.992 -3.959 Td [(in)-311(following)-310(whose)-311(ghostly)-311(promptings)-310(lies)-311(the)]TJ -71.2 -13.549 Td [(secret)-267(of)-267(happiness.)-301(Finally,)-271(the)-267(doctrine)-267(created)-267(an)-267(eschatology)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([426])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(by)-365(which)-366(vistas)-365(of)-365(moral)-365(perfection)-366(were)-365(opened)-365(before)-365(purer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirits)-269(in)-269(worlds)-270(to)-269(come,)-274(and)-269(the)-269(infinite)-269(responsibilities)-269(of)-269(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-250(were)-250(terribly)-250(enforced)-250(by)-250(threats)-250(of)-250(endless)-250(degradation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 263.258 3.959 Td [(2227)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -251.302 -19.468 Td [(The)-530(daemons)-529(who)-530(came)-530(to)-530(the)-529(aid)-530(of)-530(mythology)-530(in)-529(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Antonine)-486(age,)-545(were)-486(composite)-486(beings,)-545(with)-486(a)-486(double)-486(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(corresponding)-239(to)-240(the)-239(two)-240(worlds)-239(of)-240(the)-239(Divine)-240(and)-239(human)-239(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-447(linked)-448(together.)-842(They)-447(are)-448(at)-447(once)-447(divine)-448(in)-447(power)-447(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knowledge,)-494(and)-445(akin)-445(to)-445(humanity)-445(in)-445(feeling)-445(and)-445(passion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2228)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(They)-300(are)-300(even)-300(liable)-300(to)-300(mortality,)-312(as)-300(was)-300(proved)-300(by)-300(the)-300(famous)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tale)-384(of)-385(the)-384(voice)-384(which)-385(floated)-384(to)-384(the)-385(Egyptian)-384(pilot)-384(from)-384(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Echinad)-240(isles,)-242(announcing)-239(that)-240(the)-240(great)-240(Pan)-239(was)-240(dead.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.873 3.959 Td [(2229)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.128 -3.959 Td [(Their)]TJ -257.001 -13.549 Td [(sphere)-181(is)-181(the)-181(middle)-182(space)-181(between)-181(the)-181(lofty)-181(ether)-181(and)-181(the)-181(mists)-181(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.322 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.51 Td [(2224)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(De)-250(Deo)-250(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(vi.)-250(\050133\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -87.905 -7.395 Td [(2225)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.349 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(\247\247)-250(7,)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -73.469 -7.31 Td [(2226)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-433(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.664 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-326(ii.)-433(361,)-326(1.)-433(M.)-311(Aurel.)-432(v.)-433(10,)-326(27,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 123.899 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\304\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\276\265\303\304\257)-311(\274\277\271)-311(\274\267\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.896 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.003 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\304\304\265\271\275)-342(\300\261\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.44 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.778 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.617 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.832 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-342(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.857 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-342(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.897 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.707 0 Td [(\264\261\257\274\277\275\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.19 0 Td [(:)-435(vii.)-527(17;)-389(Epict.)-528(i.)-527(14,)-366(\247)-342(12,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 109.668 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\050)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.153 0 Td [(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.24 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.658 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.673 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\257\304\301\277\300\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.375 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\254\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.422 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.964 0 Td [(\300\261\301\255\303\304\267\303\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.457 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.042 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.234 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\254\303\304\277\305)-300(\264\261\257\274\277\275\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.311 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.041 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.325 0 Td [(\300\261\301\255\264\311\272\265)]TJ -244.245 -10.959 Td [(\306\305\273\254\303\303\265\271\275)-250(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.177 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.495 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -105.602 -7.311 Td [(2227)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Sera)-250(Num.)-250(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 74.214 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.846 -7.31 Td [(2228)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(De)-250(Deo)-250(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(xiii.;)-250(Max.)-250(Tyr.)-250(xv.)-250(\247)-250(4;)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 114.079 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(x.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -246.556 -7.311 Td [(2229)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.695 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(xvii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2302 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2303 0 R /Resources 2301 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2285 0 R >> endobj 2304 0 obj << /D [2302 0 R /XYZ 182.933 342.036 null] >> endobj 2301 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2307 0 obj << /Length 5463 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(517)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(earth.)-297(This)-266(spiritual)-266(mediation,)-269(as)-266(Maximus)-266(points)-265(out,)-270(is)-266(not)-265(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exceptional)-193(principle.)-231(There)-194(is)-193(a)-193(chain)-193(of)-193(being)-194(i)1(n)-194(the)-193(universe,)-204(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-209(had)-210(been)-209(developed)-210(in)-209(the)-209(cosmic)-210(theory)-209(of)-210(Aristotle,)-217(by)-209(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(remote)-259(extremes)-259(are)-259(linked)-259(in)-259(successive)-258(stages,)-262(and)-259(may)-258(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(blended)-311(or)-311(reconciled,)-326(in)-311(a)-311(mean)-311(or)-311(compound,)-326(as)-311(in)-311(a)-311(musical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(harmony.)-495(The)-331(principle)-332(is)-331(seen)-332(operating)-331(in)-332(the)-331(relation)-332(of)-331(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-253(physical)-253(elements.)-259(Thus,)-254(for)-253(example,)-253(fire)-253(and)-253(water)-253(are)-253(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opposite)-315(poles:)-381(they)-315(cannot)-315(pass)-316(immediately)-315(into)-315(one)-315(another,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-237(air)-236(furnishes)-237(a)-236(medium)-237(between)-236(the)-237(two,)-239(and)-237(reconciles)-236(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(opposition)-414(by)-414(participating)-414(in)-414(the)-414(warmth)-414(of)-414(the)-414(one)-414(element)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-294(in)-294(the)-293(moisture)-294(of)-294(the)-294(other.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.547 3.959 Td [(2230)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.599 -3.959 Td [(The)-294(suggestions)-294(of)-293(cosmic)]TJ -163.146 -13.549 Td [(theory)-253(seemed)-254(to)-253(receive)-253(support)-254(from)-253(many)-254(tales)-253(which,)-254(in)-253(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-409(of)-410(luxuriant)-409(superstition,)-449(were)-409(accepted)-410(even)-409(in)-409(educated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(circles.)-434(Travellers,)-327(returning)-312(from)-311(Britain,)-327(told)-312(weird)-311(stories)-311(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(desolate)-356(islands)-357(in)-356(the)-356(northern)-356(seas)-356(which)-357(were)-356(the)-356(haunts)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(genii.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.546 3.959 Td [(2231)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.605 -3.959 Td [(A)-263(Spartan)-264(visitor)-263(to)-264(Delphi)-263(related)-264(how,)-266(on)-264(the)-263(shores)]TJ -44.151 -13.549 Td [(of)-394(the)-393(Indian)-393(Ocean,)-430(he)-393(had)-394(met)-393(with)-394(a)-393(hermit)-394(of)-393(a)-393(beautiful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(countenance)-232(and)-232(proof)-232(against)-232(all)-231(disease,)-236(who)-232(spoke)-232(with)-231(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tongues,)-407(and)-375(derived)-375(his)-375(mystic)-376(powers)-375(from)-375(intercourse)-375(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(spirits)-250(which)-250(haunted)-250(those)-250(distant)-250(solitudes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.211 3.959 Td [(2232)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -199.255 -19.897 Td [(Plutarch)-308(also)-307(justifies)-308(his)-307(theory)-308(of)-307(daemons)-308(by)-307(an)-308(appeal)-307(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-421(authority)-420(of)-421(Hesiod,)-463(of)-421(Pythagoras)-421(and)-420(Plato,)-463(Xenocrates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-434(Chrysippus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.917 3.958 Td [(2233)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.189 -3.958 Td [(He)-434(might)-434(have)-434(added)-434(others)-434(to)-434(the)-434(list.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.918 0 Td [([427])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(For,)-570(indeed,)-569(the)-506(conception)-506(of)-505(these)-506(mediators)-506(between)-505(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ethereal)-362(world)-362(and)-361(the)-362(world)-362(of)-361(sense)-362(has)-362(a)-362(long)-361(history)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 255.779 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(too)]TJ -266.688 -13.549 Td [(long)-493(to)-493(be)-492(developed)-493(within)-493(our)-493(present)-492(limits.)-979(Its)-492(earliest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appearance)-210(in)-210(Greece)-209(was)-210(in)-210(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 140.941 0 Td [(Works)-210(and)-210(Days)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 73.519 0 Td [(of)-210(Hesiod,)-218(who)]TJ -214.46 -13.549 Td [(first)-406(definitely)-406(sketched)-405(a)-406(great)-406(scale)-406(of)-406(being)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 210.335 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(gods,)-445(heroes,)]TJ -221.244 -13.549 Td [(daemons,)-256(and)-256(mort)1(al)-256(men.)-265(Hesiod)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 149.42 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-255(daemons)-255(are)-255(the)-255(men)-255(of)-256(the)]TJ -153.053 -13.55 Td [(golden)-288(age,)-296(translated)-288(to)-287(a)-288(blissful)-287(and)-288(immortal)-287(life,)-297(yet)-287(linked)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.31 Td [(2230)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)-250(xv.)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2231)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(xviii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.204 -7.31 Td [(2232)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2233)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxv.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.89 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(x.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2306 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2307 0 R /Resources 2305 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2309 0 R >> endobj 2308 0 obj << /D [2306 0 R /XYZ 46.771 217.704 null] >> endobj 2305 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2312 0 obj << /Length 5397 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(518)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-352(sympathy)-352(with)-353(those)-352(still)-352(on)-352(earth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.48 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.752 0 Td [(Ministers)-352(of)-352(good)-353(and)]TJ -181.232 -13.549 Td [(guardians)-262(of)-263(men.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.74 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2234)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.301 -3.959 Td [(The)-262(conception)-263(was)-262(introduced)-263(at)-262(a)-262(time)]TJ -102.884 -13.549 Td [(when)-302(new)-303(moral)-302(and)-303(spiritual)-302(forces)-303(were)-302(at)-302(work,)-316(which)-302(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(destined)-328(to)-328(have)-328(a)-327(profound)-328(and)-328(lasting)-328(influence)-328(on)-327(paganism)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-318(a)-317(thousand)-318(years.)-453(The)-318(glamour)-318(of)-317(the)-318(radiant)-318(Olympus)-317(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-304(glory)-304(of)-304(heroic)-304(battl)1(e)-304(were)-304(fading.)-412(Men)-304(were)-304(settling)-303(down)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-219(humdrum)-219(toil,)-225(and)-219(becoming)-219(acutely)-219(conscious)-219(of)-219(the)-218(troubles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-424(sadness)-424(of)-425(life.)-772(With)-424(a)-425(craving)-424(for)-424(support)-424(and)-424(comfort)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-297(the)-296(religion)-296(of)-297(Homer)-296(could)-297(not)-296(give,)-308(the)-297(pessimist)-296(view)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-335(life,)-357(which)-335(colours)-336(Hesiod)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.904 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-335(poetry,)-357(sought)-335(consolation)-336(in)-335(a)]TJ -134.537 -13.549 Td [(mysticism)-240(altogether)-241(strange)-240(to)-241(Homer,)-242(and)-241(even)-240(to)-241(Hesiod.)-246(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feeling)-236(that)-237(humanity)-236(had)-237(declined)-236(from)-236(a)-237(glorious)-236(prime)-236(and,)-239(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-254(weakness)-254(and)-254(terror)-253(at)-254(death,)-255(needed)-254(some)-254(new)-253(consolations,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-302(met)-302(by)-302(a)-303(system)-302(which,)-315(although)-302(Orpheus)-302(may)-302(never)-302(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(existed,)-352(will)-331(always)-331(be)-332(called)-331(by)-331(his)-331(name.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.768 3.959 Td [(2235)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.826 -3.959 Td [(The)-331(Chthonian)]TJ -214.594 -13.549 Td [(deities,)-267(Dionysus)-264(and)-264(Demeter,)-267(sprang)-264(into)-264(a)-264(prominence)-263(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-285(had)-285(not)-286(in)-285(Homer.)-355(The)-286(immortal)-285(life)-285(began)-285(to)-285(overshadow)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(present,)-336(and)-318(in)-319(the)-318(mysteries)-319(men)-318(found)-319(some)-318(assurance)-318(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immortality,)-326(and)-310(preparation)-311(for)-311(it)-310(by)-311(cleansing)-310(from)-311(the)-310(stains)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-310(time.)-428(That)-310(idea,)-324(which)-310(was)-309(to)-310(have)-309(such)-310(profound)-309(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upon)-287(later)-286(thought,)-296(that)-287(there)-286(is)-287(a)-287(divine)-286(element)-287(in)-287(man,)-295(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-411(emancipated)-410(from)-411(the)-411(prison)-410(of)-411(the)-410(flesh)-411(at)-411(death,)-450(became)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-432(accepted)-432(doctrine.)-796(At)-432(the)-432(same)-432(time,)-477(the)-432(faith)-432(in)-432(helpers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-274(mediators,)-279(half)-274(human,)-280(half)-273(divine,)-280(lent)-273(itself)-274(to)-274(the)-273(support)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-370(human)-370(weakness.)-610(The)-370(heroic)-370(soul)-370(who)-370(passed)-370(victoriously)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-345(the)-346(ordeal)-345(of)-345(this)-346(life,)-369(might)-345(in)-346(another)-345(world)-345(become)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(guardian)-250(and)-250(exemplar)-250(of)-250(those)-250(who)-250(were)-250(still)-250(on)-250(earth.)]TJ 11.955 -20.742 Td [(In)-424(the)-425(Ionian)-424(and)-424(Eleatic)-425(schools)-424(the)-425(doctrine)-424(was)-424(held)-425(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -84.711 0 Td [([428])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(some)-344(sense)-345(by)-344(all)-344(the)-344(great)-345(thinkers,)-367(by)-345(Thales,)-367(Anaximander,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Heraclitus,)-623(Xenophanes.)-1147(To)-549(Thales)-548(the)-549(world)-549(was)-549(full)-548(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 98.926 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.113 Td [(2234)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hes.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(Op.)-250(et)-250(D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.113 0 Td [(125;)-250(cf.)-250(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.528 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(p.)-250(96.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -151.154 -7.394 Td [(2235)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(For)-251(the)-252(spiritual)-251(influences)-251(at)-252(work)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 128.074 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.476 0 Td [(Lobeck,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.388 0 Td [(Aglaoph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.883 0 Td [(p.)-254(312;)-252(Grote,)-252(i.)-253(p.)]TJ -214.777 -10.959 Td [(23;)-250(Bury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.117 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(of)-250(Greece)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.533 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(312;)-250(Hardie,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.515 0 Td [(Lectures)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.88 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(57.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2311 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2312 0 R /Resources 2310 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2309 0 R >> endobj 2313 0 obj << /D [2311 0 R /XYZ 365.686 145.154 null] >> endobj 2310 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2316 0 obj << /Length 9152 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(519)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(daemons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.51 3.959 Td [(2236)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.618 -3.959 Td [(In)-325(the)-325(mystic)-325(teaching)-325(of)-325(Heraclitus)-325(the)-325(universe)]TJ -63.128 -13.549 Td [(teems)-402(with)-403(such)-402(spirits,)-440(for)-403(in)-402(the)-402(perpetual)-403(flux)-402(and)-402(change,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(divine)-278(is)-278(constantly)-279(passing)-278(into)-278(the)-278(death)-278(of)-278(mortal)-278(life)-278(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-320(mortal)-320(into)-320(the)-320(divine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.088 3.958 Td [(2237)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.46 -3.958 Td [(Empedocles,)-338(in)-320(conformity)-320(with)]TJ -137.548 -13.55 Td [(his)-256(cosmic)-257(dualism,)-258(first)-256(made)-257(the)-256(distinction)-257(between)-256(good)-256(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bad)-282(daemons,)-289(and)-281(followed)-282(Pythagoras)-281(in)-282(connecting)-281(daemonic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theory)-369(with)-369(the)-369(doctrine)-369(of)-369(a)-369(fall)-369(from)-370(divine)-369(estate,)-398(and)-369(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exile)-419(and)-419(incarnation)-418(in)-419(animal)-419(forms.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.244 3.959 Td [(2238)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.69 -3.959 Td [(It)-419(was)-419(in)-418(the)-419(dim)]TJ -199.934 -13.549 Td [(system)-266(of)-266(Pythagoras)-267(that)-266(the)-266(doctrine)-266(became)-266(a)-266(really)-266(religious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tenet,)-258(as)-257(it)-256(was)-257(to)-257(the)-256(Platonists)-257(of)-256(the)-257(Antonine)-257(age.)-269(Pythagoras)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-318(more)-317(priest)-318(and)-318(mystic)-318(than)-317(philosopher.)-453(He)-318(had)-318(far)-317(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-283(common)-282(with)-283(the)-282(Orphici,)-291(with)-283(Abaris)-282(and)-283(Epimenides,)-290(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-426(Thales)-426(or)-426(Anaximander.)-778(His)-426(school,)-470(for)-426(we)-426(can)-425(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(speak)-377(of)-377(himself,)-408(connected)-377(the)-377(doctrine)-377(of)-377(daemons)-377(with)-376(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(doctrines)-302(of)-303(metempsychosis)-302(and)-302(purification)-303(and)-302(atonement)-302(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-256(world.)-267(Souls)-255(released)-256(from)-256(the)-255(prison-house)-256(of)-256(the)-255(flesh)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-436(submitted)-436(to)-436(a)-436(purgatorial)-436(cleansing)-436(of)-436(a)-436(thousand)-435(years.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Some)-248(pass)-247(the)-248(ordeal)-247(victoriously,)-248(and)-248(ascend)-247(to)-248(higher)-247(spheres.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Others)-345(are)-346(kept)-345(in)-346(chains)-345(by)-346(the)-345(Erinnyes.)-537(The)-345(beatified)-345(souls)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(become)-473(daemons)-473(or)-473(good)-473(spirits,)-529(ranging)-473(over)-473(the)-472(universe,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-376(manifesting)-375(themselves)-376(in)-375(dreams)-376(and)-375(omens)-376(and)-375(ghostly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monitions,)-263(sometimes)-260(becoming)-261(even)-260(visible)-261(to)-260(the)-260(eye.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.361 3.959 Td [(2239)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.506 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.549 Td [(their)-232(highest)-232(function)-231(is)-232(to)-232(guide)-232(men)-232(in)-231(the)-232(path)-232(of)-232(virtue)-231(during)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life,)-271(and)-266(after)-266(death)-267(to)-266(purify)-267(the)-266(disembodied)-267(spirit,)-270(which)-266(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(become)-378(a)-378(daemon)-378(in)-378(its)-377(turn.)-634(This)-378(is)-378(the)-378(theory,)-410(which,)-409(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 175.916 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 169.104 Td [(2236)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Diog.)-689(Laert.)-689(i.)-689(27,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 79.697 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.643 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-396(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.395 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.32 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-396(\300\254\275\304\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.302 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264\311\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.41 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\265\303\304\256\303\261\304\277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.726 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.124 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.19 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\272\314\303\274\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.41 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274\310\305\307\277\275)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.187 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\264\261\271\274\314\275\311\275)-250(\300\273\256\301\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 61.859 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -142.839 -7.311 Td [(2237)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Heracl.)-372(Reliq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.257 0 Td [(p.)-372(26)-291(Bywater,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.956 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.998 0 Td [(\270\254\275\261\304\277\271)-291(\270\275\267\304\277\257)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 56.764 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.941 0 Td [(\270\275\267\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.129 0 Td [(v)-291(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.95 0 Td [(\270\254\275\261\304\277\271)-291(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.577 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275\304\265\302)]TJ -264.805 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.062 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\272\265\257\275\311\275)-392(\270\254\275\261\304\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 61.161 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.075 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-392(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.356 0 Td [(r)-392(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.047 0 Td [(\272\265\257\275\311\275)-392(\262\257\277\275)-392(\304\265\270\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 69.894 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.825 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.757 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.98 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-392(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.813 0 Td [(\301\254\272\273\265\271\304\314\302)]TJ -243.949 -10.958 Td [(\306\267\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.076 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\304\271)-346(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.871 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.735 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.564 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.578 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-346(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.925 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.735 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)-346(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.272 0 Td [(\300\277\270\261\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.674 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\275)-346(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.925 0 Td [(v)-346(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.501 0 Td [(\275)-346(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.5 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.376 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.578 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.645 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.756 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271)-346(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.157 0 Td [(v)-346(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.501 0 Td [(\275)-346(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.501 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.354 -10.959 Td [(\304\265\270\275\254\275\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.239 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.552 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)-345(Cf.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.354 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\301)-345(\275\256\300\271\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.288 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\272\277\305\303\265)-345(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.735 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-345(\264\261\257\274\277\275\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.456 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\300\311\303\300\265\301)-345(\300\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.567 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-345(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.757 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.972 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\264\301\314\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.25 0 Td [(.)-250(Ritter)-250(and)-250(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.727 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.86 0 Td [(p.)-250(23;)-250(Diog.)-250(Laert.)-250(ix.)-250(1,)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -138.284 -7.351 Td [(2238)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ritter)-328(and)-327(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.508 0 Td [(Hist.)-483(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.647 0 Td [(pp.)-483(126,)-347(7;)-367(Hild,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.903 0 Td [(\311tude)-328(sur)-327(les)-328(D\351mons)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 80.537 0 Td [(,)-347(p.)]TJ -268.551 -10.959 Td [(228.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2239)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Diog.)-250(Laert.)-250(viii.)-250(1,)-250(\247)-250(30)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2315 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2316 0 R /Resources 2314 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2309 0 R >> endobj 2314 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2319 0 obj << /Length 6970 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(520)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(some)-302(modifications,)-316(was)-302(adopted)-302(by)-302(the)-302(later)-303(Platonists.)-406(It)-302(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popularised)-298(by)-298(Pindar,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.903 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-298(Homer)-298(of)-298(the)-298(Pythagorean)-298(school.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 168.039 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(He)-306(was)-306(captivated)-306(by)-306(its)-306(doctrine)-306(of)-306(the)-306(migrations)-306(of)-306(the)-306(soul,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-285(its)-284(ordeal)-284(in)-285(a)-284(future)-285(life,)-293(and)-285(its)-284(chastisement)-284(or)-285(elevation)-284(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lofty)-299(spiritual)-299(rank)-299(as)-299(daemon)-300(or)-299(hero.)-397(In)-299(the)-299(second)-299(Olympian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ode,)-410(the)-378(punishment)-378(of)-378(the)-378(wicked)-378(and)-378(the)-378(beatitude)-378(of)-377(noble)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([429])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(spirits,)-244(in)-243(the)-242(company)-243(of)-243(Peleus)-242(and)-243(Achilles)-243(in)-242(the)-243(happy)-242(isles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-250(painted)-250(in)-250(all)-250(the)-250(glowing)-250(imagery)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Apocalypse.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 250.865 3.959 Td [(2240)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -238.909 -19.277 Td [(The)-506(daemonology)-505(of)-506(Pythagoras,)-570(along)-505(with)-506(the)-505(doctrine)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-380(metempsychosis)-379(in)-380(its)-379(moral)-380(aspect,)-412(was)-379(adopted)-380(by)-379(Plato,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(whether)-285(as)-284(a)-285(serious)-285(theory)-285(or)-284(as)-285(a)-285(philosophic)-285(myth.)-354(The)-284(chief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passages)-236(in)-235(Plato)-236(where)-235(the)-235(daemons)-236(are)-235(mentioned)-236(are)-235(suffused)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-273(such)-273(mythic)-274(colour)-273(that)-273(it)-273(would)-274(perhaps)-273(be)-273(rash)-273(to)-273(extract)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-380(them)-379(any)-380(sharp)-380(dogmatic)-380(theory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 174.323 3.959 Td [(2241)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.411 -3.959 Td [(But)-380(Plato,)-412(holding)]TJ -197.734 -13.549 Td [(firmly)-184(the)-183(remote)-184(purity)-184(of)-183(God,)-197(strove)-184(to)-184(fill)-183(the)-184(interval)-183(between)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-340(mortal)-339(and)-340(the)-340(Infinite)-339(by)-340(a)-340(graded)-339(scheme)-340(of)-339(superhuman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beings.)-249(The)-248(daemon)-248(is)-248(a)-248(compound)-247(of)-248(the)-248(mortal)-248(and)-248(the)-247(divine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spanning)-422(the)-422(chasm)-423(between)-422(them.)-767(This)-422(is)-422(the)-422(power)-422(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conveys)-378(to)-378(God)-378(the)-379(prayers)-378(and)-378(sacrifices)-378(of)-378(men,)-410(and)-378(brings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-308(men)-307(the)-308(commands)-307(and)-308(rewards)-308(of)-307(the)-308(gods,)-322(which)-307(operates)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-293(prophecy,)-303(sacrifice,)-304(and)-293(mystery.)-378(And)-293(again)-293(the)-293(daemon)-293(is)-292(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-229(which)-230(is)-229(assigned)-229(to)-230(each)-229(soul)-230(at)-229(birth,)-233(and)-230(which)-229(at)-229(death)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conducts)-202(it)-201(to)-202(the)-202(eternal)-202(world,)-211(to)-202(receive)-201(judgment)-202(for)-202(its)-201(deeds,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-281(perhaps)-280(to)-281(be)-280(condemned)-281(to)-280(return)-281(once)-281(more)-280(to)-281(earth.)-341(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason)-337(in)-338(man,)-359(his)-337(truly)-338(divine)-337(part,)-359(is)-337(also)-338(called)-337(his)-337(daemon,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-256(good)-257(genius.)-268(It)-257(is)-256(the)-256(power)-256(whose)-256(kindred)-257(is)-256(with)-256(the)-256(world)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(unseen,)-250(which)-250(is)-250(immortal,)-250(and)-250(capable)-250(of)-250(a)-250(lofty)-250(destiny.)]TJ 11.956 -15.318 Td [(Like)-164(his)-164(master)-164(Plato,)-181(Maximus)-164(of)-164(Tyre)-164(seems)-164(to)-164(know)-164(nothing)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-317(the)-317(evil)-317(daemons,)-333(who,)-334(as)-317(we)-316(shall)-317(presently)-317(see,)-334(were)-316(used)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-262(Plutarch)-262(to)-262(account)-262(for)-261(the)-262(immorality)-262(of)-262(myth.)-286(To)-261(Maximus)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 102.988 Td [(2240)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Pind.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.917 0 Td [(Ol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.417 0 Td [(ii.)-249(105)-246(sqq.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.045 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\270\261)-246(\274\261\272\254\301\311\275)-247(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.622 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.619 0 Td [(`)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\272\265\261\275\257\264\265\302)-246(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.864 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\301\261\271)-246(\300\265\301\271\300\275\255\277\271\303\271\275\207)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -217.736 -10.958 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\270\265\274\261)-324(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.53 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.676 0 Td [(\307\301\305\303\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.941 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.455 0 Td [(\306\273\255\263\265\271)-325(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.647 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.617 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-324(\307\265\301\303\314\270\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.311 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.895 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\263\273\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.7 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-324(\264\265\275\264\301\255\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.231 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.318 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264\311\301)-324(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 22.061 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -277.644 -10.959 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273\261)-250(\306\255\301\262\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.057 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.504 -7.311 Td [(2241)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(202)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 15.691 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.022 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(Polit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.923 0 Td [(271)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 15.691 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.935 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(107)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 15.691 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(,)-250(108)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 20.175 0 Td [(B)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(Tim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(90)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 11.208 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2318 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2319 0 R /Resources 2317 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2309 0 R >> endobj 2320 0 obj << /D [2318 0 R /XYZ 219.649 450.429 null] >> endobj 2317 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2323 0 obj << /Length 6768 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(521)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-225(daemons)-226(are)-225(rather)-225(angelic)-225(ministers,)-230(sent)-226(forth)-225(to)-225(advise)-225(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(succour)-259(weak)-258(mortal)-259(men.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.404 3.959 Td [(2242)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.446 -3.959 Td [(They)-259(are)-258(the)-259(necessary)-258(mediators)]TJ -134.85 -13.549 Td [(between)-295(the)-294(one)-295(Supreme)-294(and)-295(our)-294(frail)-295(mortal)-294(life.)-384(Dwelling)-294(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-235(region)-236(between)-235(earth)-236(and)-235(ether,)-238(they)-236(are)-235(of)-236(mingled)-235(mortal)-235(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(divine)-251(nature,)-251(weaker)-251(than)-250(the)-251(gods,)-251(stronger)-251(than)-251(men,)-250(servants)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-280(God)-280(and)-280(overseers)-280(of)-280(men,)-288(by)-280(kinship)-280(with)-280(either)-280(linking)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weakness)-318(of)-317(the)-318(mortal)-317(with)-318(the)-317(Divine.)-453(Great)-317(is)-318(the)-317(multitude)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-238(this)-237(heavenly)-238(host,)-240(interpreters)-237(between)-238(God)-237(and)-238(man:)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 250.947 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(thrice)]TJ -255.79 -13.549 Td [(ten)-228(thousand)-228(are)-228(they)-228(upon)-228(the)-228(fruitful)-228(earth,)-232(immortal,)-232(ministers)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-352(Zeus,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.865 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.685 0 Td [(healers)-352(of)-352(the)-353(sick,)-377(revealers)-353(of)-352(what)-352(is)-352(dark,)-378(aiding)]TJ -45.55 -13.549 Td [(the)-379(craftsman,)-412(companions)-379(of)-379(the)-379(wayfarer.)-638(On)-379(land)-379(and)-379(sea,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([430])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(in)-311(the)-310(city)-311(and)-310(the)-311(field,)-325(they)-311(are)-311(ever)-310(with)-311(us.)-431(They)-311(inspired)-310(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Socrates,)-310(a)-297(Pythagoras,)-310(a)-298(Diogenes,)-309(or)-298(a)-298(Zeno;)-321(they)-298(are)-297(present)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-314(all)-314(human)-315(spirits.)-442(Only)-314(the)-315(lost)-314(and)-314(hopeless)-314(soul)-314(is)-314(without)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(guardianship)-250(of)-250(such)-250(an)-250(unearthly)-250(friend.)]TJ 11.956 -17.117 Td [(The)-416(earlier)-415(Platonist)-416(or)-416(Pythagorean)-415(daemonology)-416(was)-415(not)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(employed)-300(to)-299(explain)-300(or)-300(rehabilitate)-300(polytheism.)-399(Although)-299(Plato)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-364(not)-364(banish)-364(myth)-364(from)-364(his)-363(Utopia,)-393(he)-364(placed)-364(his)-364(ban)-363(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-350(mythopoeic)-351(poets)-350(who)-351(had)-350(lent)-351(their)-350(authority)-351(to)-350(tales)-350(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crimes)-327(and)-327(passions)-326(of)-327(the)-327(gods.)-480(Myth)-327(could)-327(only)-327(be)-326(tolerated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-400(the)-399(education)-400(of)-399(the)-400(young)-399(if)-399(it)-400(conformed)-399(to)-400(the)-399(standard)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-304(Divine)-305(perfection.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.377 3.959 Td [(2243)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.946 -3.959 Td [(God)-304(cannot)-305(be)-304(the)-305(author)-304(of)-304(evil,)-319(evil)]TJ -113.323 -13.549 Td [(is)-419(the)-419(offspring)-419(of)-420(matter;)-503(it)-420(is)-419(a)-419(limitation)-419(or)-419(an)-419(incident)-419(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-399(fleeting)-398(world)-399(of)-399(sense.)-695(It)-399(is)-399(only)-398(relative)-399(and)-398(transitory,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-323(can)-324(never)-323(penetrate)-323(the)-323(realm)-324(of)-323(the)-323(ideal.)-470(But)-323(to)-323(Plutarch)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evil)-509(was)-509(an)-509(ultimate)-509(principle)-509(in)-509(the)-509(universe,)-573(ever)-509(present)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(along)-367(with)-367(the)-367(good,)-397(although)-367(not)-367(perhaps)-367(of)-367(equal)-367(range)-367(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.989 3.959 Td [(2244)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.489 -3.959 Td [(And)-260(Plutarch)-260(would)-260(not)-259(banish)-260(and)-260(disown)-260(the)-260(poets)]TJ -49.478 -13.549 Td [(for)-451(attributing)-451(to)-451(the)-451(gods)-451(passions)-451(and)-451(crimes)-451(which)-451(would)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.108 Td [(2242)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.349 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(\247)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -73.469 -7.311 Td [(2243)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Rep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(ii.)-250(377-380.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.555 -7.31 Td [(2244)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.089 0 Td [(De)-256(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.754 0 Td [(c.)-267(xlv.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 24.711 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\257\261\275)-256(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.332 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.058 0 Td [(\272\261\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.318 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.839 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\263\261\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.441 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-256(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.304 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.865 0 Td [(\002)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)-256(\300\261\301\254\303\307\277\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.547 0 Td [(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.06 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.929 0 Td [(\263\255\275\265\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -252.825 -10.959 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\257\261\275)-430(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.323 0 Td [(v)-430(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.202 0 Td [(\301\307\256\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.978 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.504 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.911 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\263\261\270\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.906 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.405 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.495 0 Td [(\272\261\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.318 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.505 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-430(\306\315\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.998 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\265\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.306 0 Td [(:)-611(cf.)-791(Hatch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -232.706 -10.959 Td [(Hibbert)-250(Lec.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.566 0 Td [(p.)-250(218.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2322 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2323 0 R /Resources 2321 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2309 0 R >> endobj 2324 0 obj << /D [2322 0 R /XYZ 64.239 382.683 null] >> endobj 2321 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2327 0 obj << /Length 4699 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(522)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(have)-403(been)-404(dishonouring)-403(to)-403(humanity.)-710(He)-403(would)-403(not)-403(abandon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-390(ancient)-389(ritual)-390(because)-389(it)-390(contained)-390(elements)-389(of)-390(gloom)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impurity)-510(which)-510(shocked)-510(a)-509(refined)-510(moral)-510(sense.)-1029(Mythology)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-379(ritual,)-411(as)-379(they)-379(had)-378(been)-379(moulded)-379(by)-379(poets)-379(or)-379(imposed)-378(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lawgivers,)-431(were)-395(intertwined)-395(with)-395(the)-395(whole)-395(life)-395(of)-395(the)-394(people)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-265(formed)-264(an)-265(essential)-264(element)-265(in)-264(the)-265(glory)-264(of)-265(Hellenic)-264(genius.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-263(piety)-263(and)-263(aesthetic)-264(feeling)-263(of)-263(the)-263(priest)-263(of)-263(Delphi)-263(still)-263(clung)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-270(ancient)-271(ritual)-270(and)-270(legend,)-276(even)-270(when)-270(the)-271(lofty)-270(morality)-270(of)-270(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Platonist)-192(was)-192(offended)-192(by)-191(the)-192(grossness)-192(which)-192(mingled)-192(with)-191(their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(artistic)-368(charm.)-606(Might)-368(it)-368(not)-369(be)-368(possible)-368(to)-369(moralise)-368(the)-368(pagan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system)-341(without)-342(discrediting)-341(its)-341(authors,)-364(to)-342(reconcile)-341(the)-341(claims)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-395(reason)-394(and)-395(conservative)-394(religious)-394(feeling?)-684(Might)-394(it)-395(not)-394(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possible)-325(to)-324(save)-325(at)-324(once)-325(the)-324(purity)-325(and)-324(majesty)-325(of)-324(God)-325(and)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inspiration)-250(of)-250(the)-250(poets?)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(To)-416(Plutarch)-416(the)-416(doctrine)-416(of)-416(daemons)-416(seemed)-416(to)-416(furnish)-415(an)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(answer)-306(to)-306(this)-306(question;)-334(it)-306(also)-306(satisfied)-306(other)-306(spiritual)-305(cravings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-428(were)-427(equally)-428(urgent.)-782(The)-427(need)-428(of)-427(some)-428(mixed)-427(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-351(mediate)-351(between)-351(the)-350(ethereal)-351(world)-351(and)-351(the)-351(region)-351(of)-350(sense)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([431])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(became)-410(all)-411(the)-410(more)-411(imperious)-410(as)-411(the)-410(philosophic)-410(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-396(God)-397(receded)-396(into)-397(a)-396(more)-397(remote)-396(and)-397(majestic)-396(purity.)-689(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gradation)-389(of)-389(spiritual)-389(powers,)-424(which)-389(had)-389(been)-389(accepted)-388(by)-389(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-432(great)-432(minds)-433(from)-432(the)-432(time)-432(of)-432(Hesiod,)-478(at)-432(once)-432(guarded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-406(aloofness)-407(of)-406(the)-406(Supreme)-406(and)-406(satisfied)-407(the)-406(craving)-406(of)-406(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-345(instinct)-346(for)-345(some)-345(means)-345(of)-346(contact)-345(with)-345(it,)-369(for)-345(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(help)-234(in)-235(the)-234(trials)-234(of)-235(time.)-245(These)-234(mediating)-234(spirits)-235(were)-234(also)-234(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-340(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.558 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-340(theology)-340(to)-340(furnish)-341(an)-340(explanation)-340(of)-340(oracles)-340(and)]TJ -52.191 -13.55 Td [(all)-269(forms)-269(of)-269(prophecy,)-274(of)-269(the)-269(inspired)-269(enthusiasm)-270(of)-269(artist,)-273(sage,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-293(poet.)-378(Finally,)-304(the)-292(theory,)-304(with)-293(the)-293(aid)-292(of)-293(mythic)-293(fancy,)-303(cast)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-280(light)-280(on)-280(the)-280(fate)-280(of)-280(souls)-280(beyond)-280(the)-280(grave,)-287(and)-280(vindicated)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine)-250(justice)-250(by)-250(a)-250(vision)-250(of)-250(a)-250(judgment)-250(to)-250(come.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.359 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-760(daemonology,)-887(as)-760(he)-760(admits)-760(himself,)-888(is)-760(an)]TJ -51.948 -13.549 Td [(inheritance)-319(from)-319(the)-319(past.)-456(The)-319(daemons)-319(are)-319(beings)-319(half)-318(divine,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(half)-264(human;)-270(they)-264(are)-263(godlike)-264(in)-264(power)-263(and)-264(intelligence,)-267(they)-263(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-285(in)-285(liability)-285(to)-285(the)-285(passions)-285(engendered)-285(by)-285(the)-285(flesh.)-355(This)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2326 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2327 0 R /Resources 2325 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2309 0 R >> endobj 2328 0 obj << /D [2326 0 R /XYZ 93.543 285.384 null] >> endobj 2325 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2331 0 obj << /Length 5857 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(523)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(host)-269(of)-270(spirits)-269(dwell)-270(in)-269(the)-270(borderland)-269(below)-270(the)-269(moon,)-274(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-240(pure)-240(changeless)-239(region)-240(of)-240(the)-239(celestial)-240(powers)-240(and)-240(the)-239(region)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-181(the)-180(mutable)-181(and)-180(the)-181(mortal.)-227(Linking)-180(the)-181(two)-180(worlds)-181(together)-180(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-305(composite)-305(nature,)-318(the)-305(daemons)-305(differ)-305(in)-305(degrees)-305(of)-304(virtue;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(some)-237(are)-236(more)-237(akin)-236(to)-237(the)-236(Divine)-237(perfection,)-239(others)-237(more)-236(tainted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-403(the)-403(evil)-403(of)-403(the)-402(lower)-403(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.41 3.959 Td [(2245)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.169 -3.959 Td [(The)-403(good)-403(spirits,)-441(as)-403(they)]TJ -166.579 -13.549 Td [(are)-261(described)-260(by)-261(Maximus)-261(of)-261(Tyre,)-263(are)-261(true)-260(servants)-261(of)-261(God)-260(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faithful)-237(guardians)-238(of)-237(human)-237(virtue.)-246(But)-237(the)-238(bad)-237(daemons)-237(assume)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-336(special)-336(prominence)-337(in)-336(the)-336(theology)-336(of)-336(Plutarch.)-509(Nor)-336(was)-336(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(development)-308(unnatural.)-422(His)-308(conception)-307(of)-308(immortality,)-322(and)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(necessity)-263(of)-262(purification)-263(in)-263(another)-263(world,)-265(raised)-263(the)-263(question)-262(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-341(the)-340(destiny)-341(of)-341(souls)-341(whose)-340(stains)-341(were)-341(indelible.)-522(If)-340(purified)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(souls)-235(are)-236(charged)-235(as)-235(daemons)-236(with)-235(offices)-235(of)-236(mercy,)-238(may)-235(not)-235(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impure)-285(prolong)-285(their)-286(guilt)-285(in)-285(plaguing)-285(and)-285(corrupting)-285(mankind?)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(May)-238(not)-238(the)-238(existence)-238(of)-238(such)-238(sombre)-238(spirits)-238(account)-238(for)-238(the)-237(evil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-205(the)-205(world,)-214(the)-205(existence)-205(of)-205(which)-205(cannot)-205(be)-205(blinked?)-235(Although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-445(are)-446(traces)-445(of)-445(this)-445(moral)-446(dualism)-445(long)-445(before)-445(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(time,)-386(both)-359(in)-359(Greek)-359(poetry)-359(and)-359(speculation,)-386(it)-359(was)-358(Xenocrates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-301(first)-300(formulated)-301(the)-300(doctrine)-301(of)-300(evil)-301(daemons)-300(in)-301(relation)-300(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mythology.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.008 3.959 Td [(2246)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 24.215 -3.959 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(It)-404(cannot)-405(be,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.595 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.254 0 Td [(he)-404(taught,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.54 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(that)-404(unlucky)-405(days)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.724 0 Td [([432])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(and)-262(festivals,)-265(conducted)-261(with)-262(scourgings)-262(and)-262(fasts,)-264(lamentations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-347(lacerations)-347(and)-347(impure)-348(words)-347(and)-347(deeds,)-371(are)-347(celebrated)-347(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honour)-355(of)-355(the)-354(blessed)-355(gods)-355(or)-355(good)-355(daemons.)-564(They)-355(are)-354(rather)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offered)-379(to)-380(those)-379(powerful)-380(and)-379(terrible)-379(spirits)-380(of)-379(evil)-380(in)-379(the)-379(air)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(whose)-407(sombre)-407(character)-407(is)-407(propitiated)-407(by)-407(such)-407(gloomy)-407(rites.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 275.787 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(These)-371(sinister)-370(spirits)-371(assert)-371(their)-371(vast)-370(power,)-401(and)-371(display)-370(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(malevolence,)-498(not)-448(only)-448(in)-449(plague,)-498(pestilence,)-497(and)-449(dearth,)-497(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-334(the)-335(desolating)-334(convulsions)-334(of)-335(the)-334(physical)-334(world,)-356(but)-334(in)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-397(perversion)-398(and)-397(deception)-397(of)-398(the)-397(human)-397(race.)-692(They)-397(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accountable)-289(for)-288(all)-289(that)-288(shocks)-288(the)-289(moral)-288(sense)-289(in)-288(the)-289(impure)-288(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ghastly)-343(tales)-344(which)-343(the)-343(poets)-344(have)-343(told)-343(of)-344(the)-343(gods,)-367(and)-343(in)-343(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 98.926 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.03 Td [(2245)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-324(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.988 0 Td [(c.)-473(xxvi.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.895 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-324(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.422 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-324(\264\261\271\274\314\275\311\275)-325(\274\271\272\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 62.567 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-324(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.735 0 Td [(v)-324(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.253 0 Td [(\275\316\274\261\273\277\275)-324(\306\315\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.661 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\307\314\275\304\311\275)]TJ -252.583 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\300\301\277\261\257\301\265\303\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.16 0 Td [(:)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.734 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(x.,)-250(c.)-250(xvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -108.363 -7.311 Td [(2246)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2330 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2331 0 R /Resources 2329 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2333 0 R >> endobj 2332 0 obj << /D [2330 0 R /XYZ 152.056 260.74 null] >> endobj 2329 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2336 0 obj << /Length 4724 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(524)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(gloomy)-381(or)-380(obscene)-381(rites)-380(which)-380(are)-381(celebrated)-380(in)-381(their)-380(honour.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-323(poets)-323(and)-323(early)-322(myth-makers)-323(have)-323(not)-323(invented)-323(the)-323(evil)-322(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(myth)-308(and)-309(rite;)-337(they)-309(have)-308(been)-308(deceived)-309(as)-308(to)-308(the)-309(authors)-308(of)-308(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evil.)-243(Each)-228(of)-229(the)-228(blessed)-229(gods)-228(has)-229(attached)-228(to)-229(him)-228(a)-229(daemon)-228(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-256(in)-256(some)-255(respects)-256(his)-256(counterpart,)-257(wielding)-256(his)-256(power,)-257(but)-255(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-340(perpetrate)-340(every)-340(kind)-340(of)-340(moral)-341(enormity)-340(in)-340(his)-340(name,)-362(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-295(demands)-295(to)-295(be)-295(honoured)-295(and)-295(propitiated)-295(after)-295(his)-295(own)-295(evil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature.)-272(The)-257(bad)-258(daemons,)-259(in)-257(fact,)-259(masquerade)-258(as)-257(gods)-257(and)-257(bring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disgrace)-276(upon)-276(them.)-327(It)-276(was)-276(not)-276(the)-276(Blessed)-276(Ones)-276(who)-275(mutilated)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-308(father,)-322(who)-307(raised)-308(rebellion)-307(in)-308(Olympus)-308(and)-307(were)-308(driven)-307(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exile,)-432(who)-396(stooped)-395(to)-396(be)-395(the)-396(lovers)-396(of)-395(mortal)-396(women.)-686(These)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-339(the)-340(works)-339(of)-339(spirits)-339(of)-340(evil,)-361(using)-340(their)-339(fiendish)-339(cunning)-339(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deceive)-319(a)-319(simple)-319(age.)-457(Its)-319(poetry)-319(was)-319(seduced)-319(to)-319(cast)-319(a)-319(magical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charm)-330(over)-329(their)-330(lusts)-329(and)-330(crimes;)-369(its)-329(superstition)-330(was)-329(terrified)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(into)-203(appeasing)-204(the)-203(fiends)-203(by)-204(shameful)-203(orgies)-203(or)-204(dark)-203(bloody)-203(rites.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Poets)-359(and)-359(founders)-359(of)-358(ritual)-359(have)-359(been)-359(faithful)-359(to)-358(supernatural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fact,)-288(but)-280(they)-280(did)-280(not)-280(see)-281(that)-280(in)-280(the)-280(supernatural)-280(order)-280(there)-280(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evil)-292(powers)-292(as)-293(well)-292(as)-292(good.)-376(They)-293(are)-292(sound)-292(in)-292(their)-292(record)-292(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wrong)-387(in)-387(their)-386(interpretation.)-661(In)-386(this)-387(fashion)-387(Plutarch)-387(and)-386(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(school)-323(strove)-323(to)-323(reconcile)-322(a)-323(rational)-323(faith)-323(with)-323(the)-323(grossness)-322(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superstition,)-236(to)-232(save)-233(the)-232(holiness)-233(of)-232(God)-233(and)-232(the)-233(glory)-232(of)-232(Homer.)]TJ 11.956 -18.459 Td [(But)-315(the)-315(bad)-315(daemons)-316(who)-315(were)-315(called)-315(in)-315(to)-315(save)-315(the)-315(ancient)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(cults)-308(proved)-309(dangerous)-308(allies)-309(in)-308(the)-308(end.)-425(Few)-309(who)-308(really)-308(know)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-223(will)-222(be)-223(inclined)-222(to)-223(question)-222(the)-223(sincere)-222(monotheistic)-223(piety)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch.)-418(And)-306(a)-306(sympathetic)-306(critic)-306(will)-306(even)-306(not)-306(withhold)-305(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-213(a)-213(certain)-212(respect)-213(for)-213(his)-213(old-world)-212(attachment)-213(to)-213(the)-213(forms)-212(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([433])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(his)-276(ancestral)-276(worship.)-328(He)-276(knew)-276(no)-276(other)-276(avenue)-276(of)-276(approaching)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-367(Divine.)-599(Yet)-367(only)-367(the)-366(imperious)-367(religious)-366(cravings)-367(and)-366(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-256(contradictions)-257(of)-256(that)-256(age)-257(could)-256(excuse)-256(or)-257(account)-256(for)-256(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system)-302(which)-303(was)-302(disastrous)-303(both)-302(to)-303(paganism)-302(and)-302(philosophy.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-449(union)-449(of)-449(gross)-449(superstition)-449(with)-449(ingenious)-449(theology,)-498(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(licence)-263(of)-262(subtlety)-263(applied)-263(to)-263(the)-262(ancient)-263(legends,)-266(demanded)-262(too)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(much)-309(credulity)-309(from)-310(the)-309(cultivated)-309(and)-309(too)-309(much)-309(subtlety)-309(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-322(vulgar.)-465(It)-322(undermined)-322(the)-322(already)-322(crumbling)-322(polytheism;)-357(it)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2335 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2336 0 R /Resources 2334 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2333 0 R >> endobj 2337 0 obj << /D [2335 0 R /XYZ 260.664 174.536 null] >> endobj 2334 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2340 0 obj << /Length 5574 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(525)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(made)-362(philosophy)-362(the)-361(apostle)-362(of)-362(a)-361(belief)-362(in)-362(a)-362(baleful)-361(daemonic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agency.)-884(If)-461(a)-461(malign)-462(genius)-461(was)-461(seated)-462(beside)-461(every)-461(god)-461(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(account)-384(for)-385(the)-384(evil)-384(in)-384(nature)-384(or)-385(myth,)-418(might)-384(not)-384(a)-384(day)-384(come)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-452(both)-452(friends)-453(and)-452(enemies)-452(would)-452(confound)-452(the)-452(daemon)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-273(the)-273(god?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.252 3.959 Td [(2247)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.925 -3.959 Td [(Might)-273(not)-273(philosophy)-274(be)-273(led)-273(on)-273(in)-273(a)-274(disastrous)]TJ -76.177 -13.549 Td [(decline)-189(to)-190(the)-189(justification)-189(of)-189(magic,)-202(incantations,)-201(and)-189(all)-189(theurgic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extravagance?)-639(That)-379(day)-380(did)-380(come)-379(in)-380(the)-379(fourth)-380(century)-379(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Platonism)-402(and)-401(polytheism)-402(in)-402(close)-402(league)-401(were)-402(making)-402(a)-401(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stand)-352(against)-351(the)-352(victorious)-351(Church.)-555(Even)-352(then)-351(indeed)-352(a)-351(purer)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Platonism)-335(still)-334(survived,)-356(as)-334(well)-335(as)-334(a)-335(purer)-334(paganism)-334(sustained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-262(the)-262(mysteries)-262(of)-262(Mithra)-262(or)-262(Demeter.)-286(But)-262(the)-262(paganism)-262(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-455(Christian)-455(empire)-454(found)-455(it)-455(hardest)-455(to)-455(conquer,)-506(and)-454(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(propagated)-383(itself)-384(far)-383(into)-384(the)-383(Christian)-383(ages,)-417(was)-384(the)-383(belief)-383(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(magic)-343(and)-344(occult)-343(powers)-344(founded)-343(on)-343(the)-344(doctrine)-343(of)-343(daemons.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(And)-174(the)-174(Christian)-174(controversialist,)-189(with)-174(as)-174(firm)-174(a)-174(faith)-174(in)-173(daemons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-295(the)-295(pagan,)-306(turned)-295(that)-295(doctrine)-295(against)-295(the)-295(faith)-295(which)-295(it)-295(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(invented)-314(to)-313(support.)-441(The)-313(distinction)-313(of)-314(good)-313(and)-314(bad)-313(daemons,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(first)-409(drawn)-409(by)-409(Xenocrates)-409(and)-409(Chrysippus,)-449(and)-409(developed)-409(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch,)-480(was)-434(eagerly)-433(seized)-434(upon)-434(by)-434(Tatian)-434(and)-434(S.)-433(Clement)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-358(Alexandria,)-386(by)-358(Minucius)-358(Felix)-359(and)-358(S.)-358(Cyprian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.916 3.959 Td [(2248)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.711 -3.959 Td [(But)-358(the)]TJ -247.627 -13.549 Td [(good)-393(became)-394(the)-393(heavenly)-394(host)-393(of)-393(Christ)-394(and)-393(His)-393(angels;)-465(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bad)-253(were)-253(identified)-253(with)-253(the)-253(pagan)-253(gods.)-259(What)-253(would)-253(have)-252(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-237(anguish)-237(of)-236(Plutarch)-237(could)-237(he)-236(have)-237(foreseen)-237(that)-237(his)-236(theology,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elaborated)-425(with)-425(such)-425(pious)-424(subtlety)-425(and)-425(care,)-469(would)-425(one)-424(day)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([434])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(be)-367(used)-367(against)-367(the)-367(gracious)-368(powers)-367(of)-367(Olympus,)-396(and)-367(that)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirits)-253(he)-253(had)-253(conjured)-254(up)-253(to)-253(defend)-253(them)-253(would)-253(be)-253(exorcised)-253(as)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 164.595 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 157.783 Td [(2247)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mr.)-259(Oakesmith)-253(thinks)-253(that)-253(Plutarch)-253(tended)-253(to)-253(identify)-253(them,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 216.732 0 Td [(Rel.)-259(of)-253(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.217 0 Td [(p.)]TJ -273.905 -10.959 Td [(127.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2248)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tatian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.129 0 Td [(Adv.)-238(Gr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.431 0 Td [(20;)-226(Clem.)-237(Alex.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.089 0 Td [(Ad)-213(Gent.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.458 0 Td [(26;)-226(Cypr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.788 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.115 0 Td [(75,)-221(10;)-225(Min.)-238(Felix,)]TJ -213.966 -10.958 Td [(c.)-607(26,)-398(27,)-399(isti)-369(igitur)-369(impuri)-368(spiritus)-369(daemones,)-399(...)-606(sub)-369(statuis)-369(et)-369(imaginibus)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(delitescunt,)-235(et)-232(adflatu)-232(suo)-231(auctoritatem)-232(quasi)-232(praesentis)-231(numinis)-232(consequuntur,)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(dum)-334(inspirant)-334(interim)-334(vates,)-355(dum)-334(fanis)-335(immorantur)-334(...)-502(sortes)-334(regunt,)-355(oracula)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(efficiunt,)-414(falsis)-381(pluribus)-381(involuta,)-414(etc.)-644(Cf.)-643(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 194.695 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.596 0 Td [(c.)-644(xxii.)-643(operatio)]TJ -217.291 -10.959 Td [(eorum)-243(est)-242(hominis)-243(eversio....)-248(Itaque)-242(corporibus)-243(quidem)-243(et)-242(valitudines)-243(infligunt)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(et)-250(aliquos)-250(casus)-250(acerbos,)-250(etc.)-250(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 118.778 0 Td [(De)-250(Idol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.624 0 Td [(c.)-250(ix;)-250(Maury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.562 0 Td [(La)-250(Magie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.619 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(99)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2339 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2340 0 R /Resources 2338 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2333 0 R >> endobj 2341 0 obj << /D [2339 0 R /XYZ 96.843 206.544 null] >> endobj 2338 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2344 0 obj << /Length 5714 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(526)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(maleficent)-194(fiends)-194(by)-195(the)-194(triumphant)-194(dialectic)-194(of)-194(S.)-195(Augustine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2249)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -252.236 -26.811 Td [(The)-530(daemonology)-531(of)-530(Plutarch)-531(also)-530(furnished)-531(a)-530(theory)-530(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(prophetic)-399(powers,)-436(and)-399(especially)-399(of)-399(the)-399(inspiration)-399(of)-398(Delphi.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-537(was)-537(in)-537(the)-537(porticoes)-536(of)-537(the)-537(shrine)-537(of)-537(Apollo,)-609(or)-536(among)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-455(monuments)-454(of)-455(ancient)-454(glory)-455(and)-455(devotion,)-505(that)-455(the)-454(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interesting)-498(of)-497(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.362 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-498(religious)-497(essays)-498(were)-497(inspired.)-993(He)]TJ -105.995 -13.549 Td [(probably)-228(bore)-229(the)-228(honours)-228(of)-229(the)-228(Delphic)-228(priesthood)-229(down)-228(to)-228(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(last)-359(days)-360(of)-359(his)-360(long)-359(life.)-579(But)-359(in)-360(the)-359(years)-360(when)-359(Plutarch)-359(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ordering)-194(a)-194(sacrifice)-194(or)-195(a)-194(procession,)-205(or)-194(discussing)-194(antiquarian)-194(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-271(questions)-272(with)-271(travellers)-272(from)-271(Britain)-272(or)-271(the)-271(eastern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seas,)-447(Delphi)-408(had)-408(lost)-408(much)-407(of)-408(its)-408(ancient)-408(power)-408(and)-407(renown.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Great)-480(political)-481(and)-480(great)-480(economic)-481(changes)-480(had)-480(reduced)-480(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(functions)-253(of)-253(the)-253(oracle)-253(to)-253(a)-253(comparatively)-253(humble)-253(sphere.)-259(It)-252(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(no)-273(longer)-274(consulted)-273(on)-274(affairs)-273(of)-273(state)-274(by)-273(great)-274(potentates)-273(of)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(East)-194(and)-195(West.)-231(The)-195(farmers)-194(of)-195(Boeotia)-194(or)-195(the)-194(Arcadian)-194(shepherds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(now)-398(came)-398(to)-398(seek)-398(the)-399(causes)-398(of)-398(failure)-398(in)-398(their)-398(crops)-398(or)-398(of)-398(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(murrain)-235(among)-236(their)-235(herds,)-238(to)-236(ask)-235(advice)-235(about)-235(the)-236(purchase)-235(of)-235(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(piece)-280(of)-280(land)-280(or)-280(the)-280(marriage)-281(of)-280(a)-280(child.)-340(So)-280(far)-280(back)-280(as)-280(the)-280(days)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-345(Cicero)-345(the)-345(faith)-345(in)-345(oracles)-345(had)-345(been)-345(greatly)-345(shaken,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.417 3.959 Td [(2250)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.46 -3.959 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(even)-253(the)-254(most)-253(venerable)-253(shrines)-254(were)-253(no)-253(longer)-254(resorted)-253(to)-253(as)-253(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old.)-260(Powerful)-253(philosophic)-253(schools,)-254(the)-253(Cynic)-253(and)-253(the)-253(Epicurean,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poured)-191(contempt)-192(on)-191(all)-192(the)-191(arts)-191(of)-192(divination.)-230(Many)-192(of)-191(the)-191(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oracles)-329(had)-328(long)-329(been)-329(silent.)-486(In)-329(Boeotia,)-348(where,)-348(in)-329(the)-329(days)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Herodotus,)-305(the)-293(air)-294(was)-294(full)-294(of)-293(inspiration,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.961 3.959 Td [(2251)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.762 -3.959 Td [(the)-294(ancient)-293(magic)]TJ -202.723 -13.549 Td [(only)-354(lingered)-354(around)-353(Lebadea.)-561(Sheep)-354(grazed)-354(around)-354(the)-353(fanes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-351(Tegyra)-351(and)-350(the)-351(Ptoan)-351(Apollo.)-552(While)-351(in)-351(old)-351(days)-351(at)-350(Delphi,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-418(services)-417(of)-418(two,)-459(and)-418(even)-417(three,)-459(Pythian)-418(priestesses)-417(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demanded)-335(by)-335(the)-334(concourse)-335(of)-335(votaries,)-356(in)-335(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 230.3 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-335(time)-335(one)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.088 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.275 Td [(2249)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(,)-250(viii.)-250(14-22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -77.199 -7.394 Td [(2250)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.936 0 Td [(De)-324(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.46 0 Td [(ii.)-473(57,)-343(117,)-343(cur)-324(isto)-324(modo)-325(jam)-324(oracula)-324(Delphis)-325(non)-324(eduntur)]TJ -62.352 -10.959 Td [(...)-384(ut)-294(nihil)-295(possit)-294(esse)-295(contemptius?)-383(Strab.)-384(vii.)-384(7,)-305(9,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 189.961 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\273\255\273\277\271\300\265)-295(\264\255)-294(\300\311\302)-295(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 73.305 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.277 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.165 -10.959 Td [(\274\261\275\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.708 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.108 0 Td [(x)-250(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.473 0 Td [(\275)-250(\224\311\264\316\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.319 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\272\261\270\254\300\265\301)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.327 0 Td [(\006)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.176 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -149.223 -7.394 Td [(2251)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodot.)-250(viii.)-250(134.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2343 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2344 0 R /Resources 2342 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2333 0 R >> endobj 2342 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2347 0 obj << /Length 6341 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(527)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(priestess)-180(sufficed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.397 3.959 Td [(2252)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.91 -3.959 Td [(But)-180(the)-179(second)-180(century)-180(brought,)-194(along)-179(with)]TJ -96.307 -13.549 Td [(a)-351(general)-351(religious)-351(revival,)-376(a)-351(restoration)-351(of)-351(the)-351(ancient)-351(faith)-351(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oracles.)-224(The)-173(voice)-172(of)-172(Delphi)-173(had)-172(been)-173(silenced)-172(for)-172(a)-173(time)-172(by)-172(Nero,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-257(the)-256(sacred)-257(chasm)-256(had)-257(been)-256(choked)-257(with)-256(corpses)-257(because)-256(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(priestess)-197(had)-197(branded)-196(the)-197(emperor)-197(as)-197(another)-197(Orestes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.417 3.959 Td [(2253)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.972 -3.959 Td [(But)-197(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.635 0 Td [([435])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(oracle,)-215(although)-206(shorn)-206(of)-206(much)-206(of)-206(its)-206(glory,)-215(recovered)-206(some)-206(of)-206(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popularity)-224(in)-225(the)-224(second)-225(century.)-241(It)-224(received)-225(offerings)-224(once)-224(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-345(wealthy)-345(votaries.)-535(The)-345(emperor)-345(Hadrian)-344(characteristically)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tested)-175(its)-175(omniscience)-174(by)-175(a)-175(question)-175(as)-174(to)-175(the)-175(birthplace)-175(of)-174(Homer.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Curious)-348(travellers)-349(from)-348(distant)-348(lands,)-373(even)-348(philosophers)-348(of)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cynic)-239(and)-239(Epicurean)-239(schools,)-241(came)-239(to)-239(visit)-239(the)-239(ancient)-239(shrine,)-241(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(make)-356(the)-357(round)-356(of)-356(its)-356(antiquarian)-357(treasures,)-383(and)-356(to)-356(discuss)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(secret)-223(of)-223(its)-223(inspiration.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 101.53 3.959 Td [(2254)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.067 -3.959 Td [(A)-223(new)-223(town)-223(sprang)-223(up)-223(at)-223(the)-223(gates)-223(of)]TJ -120.597 -13.549 Td [(the)-300(sanctuary;)-325(sumptuous)-299(temples,)-313(baths,)-312(and)-300(halls)-300(of)-299(assembly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(replaced)-367(the)-367(solitude)-366(and)-367(ruins)-367(of)-367(many)-366(generations.)-601(The)-366(god)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-295(seemed)-295(to)-295(the)-295(pious)-295(Plutarch)-295(to)-295(have)-295(returned)-295(in)-295(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(his)-250(ancient)-250(seat.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.597 3.959 Td [(2255)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -68.641 -21.233 Td [(The)-209(revival)-209(of)-209(Delphi)-210(gladdened)-209(the)-209(heart)-209(of)-209(Plutarch)-209(as)-209(a)-209(sign)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-296(reviving)-296(religion)-296(and)-296(Hellenism.)-388(And)-296(although)-296(the)-296(oracle)-295(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(longer)-369(wielded)-368(an)-368(oecumenical)-369(primacy,)-398(its)-369(antiquities)-368(and)-368(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(claims)-275(to)-274(inspiration)-275(evidentl)1(y)-275(attracted)-274(many)-275(curious)-274(inquirers.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(We)-340(are)-341(admitted)-340(to)-340(their)-340(conversations)-341(in)-340(the)-340(Delphic)-340(treatises)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-443(Plutarch.)-828(His)-442(characters)-443(bear)-443(the)-442(names)-443(of)-443(the)-442(old-world)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(schools,)-228(but)-222(there)-222(is)-222(a)-222(strangely)-222(modern)-222(tone)-222(in)-222(their)-222(discussions.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sometimes)-389(we)-390(might)-389(fancy)-390(ourselves)-389(listening)-389(to)-390(a)-389(debate)-389(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(inspiration)-260(of)-259(Scripture)-260(between)-259(an)-260(agnostic,)-261(a)-260(Catholic,)-261(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-344(accommodating)-343(broad)-344(Churchman.)-531(Plutarch)-344(himself,)-367(or)-343(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(representative,)-280(generally)-275(holds)-274(the)-274(balance)-275(between)-274(the)-274(extreme)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(views,)-275(and)-270(tries)-270(to)-270(reconcile)-270(the)-270(claims)-270(of)-270(reason)-270(and)-270(of)-270(faith.)-310(It)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.416 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.52 Td [(2252)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(v.)-250(viii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.204 -7.394 Td [(2253)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-285(Cass.)-355(lxiii.)-355(14,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 67.349 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.191 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.021 0 Td [(\274\261\275\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.707 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)-285(\272\261\304\255\273\305\303\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.346 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.875 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.523 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\302)-285(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.069 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.02 0 Td [(\303\304\314\274\271\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.087 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -278.388 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\276)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.635 0 Td [(W)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)-250(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.343 0 Td [(\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.051 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.815 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\274\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.782 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.402 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\303\306\254\276\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.007 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -137.719 -7.395 Td [(2254)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(ii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.204 -7.394 Td [(2255)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Pyth.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.06 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxix.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.382 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Gr\351ard,)-250(p.)-250(252.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2346 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2347 0 R /Resources 2345 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2333 0 R >> endobj 2348 0 obj << /D [2346 0 R /XYZ 46.771 463.978 null] >> endobj 2345 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2351 0 obj << /Length 6356 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(528)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-210(clear)-210(that)-210(even)-210(in)-210(that)-210(age)-210(of)-210(religious)-210(revival)-210(there)-210(was)-210(no)-210(lack)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-284(a)-285(scepticism)-284(like)-284(that)-284(of)-284(Lucian.)-353(Even)-284(in)-285(the)-284(sacred)-284(courts)-284(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Delphi)-345(the)-345(Epicurean)-345(might)-345(be)-345(heard)-346(suggesting)-345(that,)-368(because,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-219(a)-220(thousand)-219(random)-219(prophecies)-220(of)-219(natural)-220(events,)-225(one)-219(here)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-263(there)-263(may)-263(seem)-263(to)-263(tally)-263(with)-263(the)-263(fact,)-266(it)-263(does)-263(not)-263(follow)-262(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-178(prediction)-178(was)-178(sure)-177(and)-178(true)-178(at)-178(the)-178(moment)-178(of)-178(deliverance;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2256)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(the)-231(wandering)-230(word)-231(may)-230(sometimes)-231(hit)-231(the)-230(mark.)-244(The)-230(fulfilment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-307(a)-308(mere)-307(coincidence,)-322(a)-307(happy)-307(chance.)-422(Boethus,)-322(the)-307(sceptic,)-321(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(easily)-341(refuted)-341(by)-341(the)-340(orthodox)-341(Serapion,)-364(who)-341(makes)-341(an)-340(appeal)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([436])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(to)-396(well-known)-395(oracles)-396(which)-396(have)-395(been)-396(actually)-395(fulfilled,)-432(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(merely)-372(in)-372(a)-372(loose,)-403(apparent)-372(fashion,)-403(but)-372(down)-372(to)-372(the)-372(minutest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(details)-440(of)-441(time,)-488(place,)-488(and)-440(manner.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.693 3.959 Td [(2257)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.395 -3.959 Td [(In)-440(these)-441(discussions,)]TJ -187.088 -13.549 Td [(although)-275(the)-276(caviller)-275(is)-275(heard)-275(with)-276(a)-275(tolerant)-275(courtesy,)-282(it)-275(is)-275(clear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-308(faith)-308(is)-308(always)-308(in)-309(the)-308(ascendant.)-424(Yet)-308(even)-308(faith)-308(has)-308(to)-308(face)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-260(account)-261(for)-260(an)-261(apparent)-260(degeneracy)-260(which)-261(might)-260(well)-260(cause)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-222(uneasiness.)-241(For)-223(instance,)-227(is)-223(it)-222(not)-222(startling)-223(that,)-228(in)-222(the)-222(name)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-263(the)-263(god)-263(of)-262(music,)-266(many)-263(oracles)-263(should)-263(be)-263(delivered)-263(in)-262(trivial,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(badly-fashioned)-354(verses?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.249 3.959 Td [(2258)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.554 -3.959 Td [(Can)-353(it)-354(be)-353(that)-354(Apollo)-353(is)-354(a)-353(meaner)]TJ -128.803 -13.549 Td [(artist)-315(than)-314(Hesiod)-315(or)-315(Homer?)-444(On)-315(the)-315(other)-314(side,)-331(it)-315(may)-315(be)-314(said)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-199(the)-199(god)-199(is)-199(too)-198(lofty)-199(to)-199(care)-199(to)-199(deck)-199(his)-199(utterances)-199(in)-199(the)-198(graces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-326(literary)-327(form,)-345(or,)-345(by)-327(a)-326(more)-326(probable)-327(theory,)-345(he)-326(inspires)-326(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vision)-334(but)-334(not)-333(the)-334(verse.)-501(But)-334(what)-334(of)-333(the)-334(oracles)-334(of)-334(later)-333(days,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-265(are)-266(delivered)-265(in)-266(the)-265(baldest)-266(prose?)-296(Is)-265(this)-266(not)-265(a)-265(disturbing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sign)-208(of)-208(degeneracy?)-236(Can)-207(this)-208(be)-208(worthy)-208(of)-208(the)-208(god?)-236(The)-207(defender)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-319(the)-318(faith)-319(has)-319(no)-318(difficulty)-319(in)-319(quieting)-318(the)-319(suspicion.)-456(Even)-318(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-229(great)-228(ages)-229(we)-229(know)-228(that)-229(oracles)-229(were)-228(sometimes)-229(delivered)-228(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prose,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.357 3.959 Td [(2259)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.492 -3.959 Td [(and)-274(in)-274(ancient)-274(times)-274(excited)-274(feeling)-274(ran)-274(naturally)-274(into)]TJ -45.849 -13.549 Td [(verse.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.746 3.959 Td [(2260)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.808 -3.959 Td [(The)-392(stately)-392(hexameter)-392(was)-391(the)-392(appropriate)-392(form)-392(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.536 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.639 Td [(2256)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-322(Pyth.)-468(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.306 0 Td [(c.)-467(x.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.327 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\314)-322(\263\265)-323(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.959 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.37 0 Td [(\345)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\257\310\261\271)-322(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.069 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.527 0 Td [(\264\271\261\303\300\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\301\261\271)-322(\273\314\263\277\305\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.539 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.915 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.972 -10.958 Td [(\300\273\261\275\311\274\255\275\277\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 51.127 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.402 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\303\265)-250(\300\277\273\273\254\272\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.759 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\304\315\307\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.547 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -170.249 -7.395 Td [(2257)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Pyth.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.059 0 Td [(c.)-250(xi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -62.754 -7.394 Td [(2258)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(v.)-250(xvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2259)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2260)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxiii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2350 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2351 0 R /Resources 2349 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2333 0 R >> endobj 2352 0 obj << /D [2350 0 R /XYZ 345.7 409.782 null] >> endobj 2349 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2355 0 obj << /Length 6678 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(529)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(utterance)-245(when)-246(the)-245(oracle)-246(had)-245(to)-246(deal)-245(with)-246(great)-245(events)-245(affecting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(fate)-332(of)-331(cities)-332(and)-331(of)-332(nations.)-494(Inspiration)-332(is)-331(not)-331(independent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-402(surrounding)-403(circumstances,)-440(and)-403(the)-402(functions)-403(of)-402(the)-402(oracle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-296(changed)-296(since)-296(the)-297(days)-296(of)-296(Croesus)-296(and)-296(Themistocles.)-388(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(whole)-250(style)-251(of)-250(human)-251(life)-250(and)-251(the)-250(taste)-251(of)-250(men)-251(are)-250(less)-250(imposing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-368(stately.)-602(The)-368(change)-367(in)-368(the)-367(style)-368(of)-367(the)-368(oracle)-367(is)-368(only)-367(part)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-276(a)-275(general)-275(movement.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.837 3.959 Td [(2261)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.999 -3.959 Td [(For)-275(ages)-276(simple)-275(prose)-276(has)-275(taken)-276(the)]TJ -123.836 -13.549 Td [(place)-297(of)-297(artistic)-297(rhythm)-297(in)-297(other)-297(departments)-297(besides)-297(the)-297(sphere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-290(prophecy.)-370(We)-289(do)-290(not)-290(despise)-290(the)-290(philosophy)-290(of)-290(Socrates)-289(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Plato,)-345(because)-326(it)-326(does)-326(not)-326(come)-326(to)-326(us)-326(clothed)-326(in)-326(verse,)-345(like)-325(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(speculations)-286(of)-285(Thales,)-295(Parmenides,)-295(and)-286(Empedocles.)-357(And)-285(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(can)-239(expect)-240(the)-239(simple)-239(peasant)-240(girl,)-241(who)-239(now)-240(occupies)-239(the)-239(tripod,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(speak)-250(in)-250(the)-250(tones)-250(of)-250(Homer?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 138.761 3.959 Td [(2262)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.166 -3.959 Td [(The)-250(dim)-250(grandeur)-250(of)-250(the)-250(old)]TJ -157.927 -13.549 Td [(poetic)-188(oracles)-187(had)-188(indeed)-188(some)-187(advantages,)-200(in)-188(aiding)-188(the)-187(memory)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-199(the)-199(use)-199(of)-199(measured)-200(and)-199(musical)-199(expression,)-209(and)-199(in)-199(veiling)-199(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(full)-224(meaning)-223(of)-224(the)-224(God)-224(from)-223(irreverent)-224(or)-224(hostile)-224(eyes.)-241(But)-223(their)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([437])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(pompous)-210(ambiguity,)-217(providing)-210(apparently)-210(so)-209(many)-210(loopholes)-209(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evasion,)-284(brought)-277(discredit)-277(on)-278(the)-277(sacred)-277(art,)-284(and)-277(encouraged)-277(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imitative)-253(ingenuity)-253(of)-253(a)-253(host)-253(of)-253(venal)-253(impostors)-254(who,)-253(around)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-261(temples,)-263(cheated)-260(the)-261(ears)-260(of)-261(slaves)-260(and)-261(silly)-260(women)-261(with)-260(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mockery)-250(of)-250(the)-250(mysterious)-250(solemnity)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Pythian)-250(verse.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 254.825 3.959 Td [(2263)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -242.869 -21.076 Td [(The)-369(more)-368(serious)-369(question)-369(as)-369(to)-368(the)-369(cause)-369(of)-369(the)-368(extinction)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-482(oracles)-483(brings)-482(the)-482(discussion)-482(nearer)-483(to)-482(the)-482(great)-482(problem)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-541(the)-541(sources)-541(of)-541(inspiration.)-1123(It)-541(is)-541(true)-541(that)-541(the)-541(fact)-541(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-458(accounted)-458(for)-458(to)-457(some)-458(extent)-458(by)-458(natural)-458(causes.)-873(Oracles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-362(never)-362(ceased,)-389(but)-362(the)-362(number)-362(has)-361(been)-362(diminished.)-585(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(measures)-448(His)-448(help)-448(to)-448(men)-448(by)-449(their)-448(needs,)-497(and)-448(as)-448(they)-448(grow)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-303(enlightened)-303(they)-304(feel)-303(less)-303(need)-303(for)-303(supernatural)-303(guidance.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This,)-406(however,)-406(is)-375(evidently)-375(dangerous)-374(ground.)-625(But)-375(surely)-374(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.921 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.108 Td [(2261)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2262)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xxii.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(\304\301\261\306\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.335 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.235 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.253 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.209 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\263\265\311\301\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.846 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\265\275\256\304\311\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.686 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -196.909 -7.31 Td [(2263)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-346(Pyth.)-540(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.383 0 Td [(c.)-539(xxv.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 31.585 0 Td [(\300\273\265\257\303\304\267\302)-346(\274\255\275\304\277\271)-347(\300\277\271\267\304\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 90.423 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.652 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\255\300\273\267\303\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.255 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\264\277\276\257\261\302)-346(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.65 0 Td [(x)]TJ -276.164 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\263\305\301\304\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.155 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-366(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.108 0 Td [(v)-366(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.626 0 Td [(\263\277\301\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.718 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)-366(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.574 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.919 0 Td [(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.768 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.919 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.99 0 Td [(\274\267\304\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.763 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\261)-366(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.27 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.919 0 Td [(\303\265\301\254\300\265\271\261)-366(\262\311\274\277\273\314\307\277\275)-366(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 91.324 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.993 -10.959 Td [(\300\273\261\275\316\274\265\275\277\275)-250(\263\255\275\277\302)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 85.476 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2354 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2355 0 R /Resources 2353 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2357 0 R >> endobj 2356 0 obj << /D [2354 0 R /XYZ 307.405 314.937 null] >> endobj 2353 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2360 0 obj << /Length 10809 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(530)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(poverty)-347(and)-346(depopulation)-347(of)-347(Greece)-347(are)-346(enough)-347(to)-347(account)-346(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-362(disappearance)-362(of)-362(oracles.)-586(A)-362(country)-362(which)-362(can)-361(hardly)-362(put)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(three)-334(thousand)-334(hoplites)-334(in)-334(the)-334(field)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.785 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(as)-334(many)-334(as)-334(Megara)-334(alone)]TJ -166.694 -13.549 Td [(sent)-451(forth)-452(to)-451(fight)-451(at)-451(Plataea)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.873 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(cannot)-451(need)-452(the)-451(many)-451(shrines)]TJ -142.782 -13.55 Td [(which)-322(flourished)-321(when)-322(Greece)-322(was)-321(in)-322(its)-321(glory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.488 3.959 Td [(2264)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.51 -3.959 Td [(But)-322(it)-321(may)]TJ -232.998 -13.549 Td [(be)-280(admitted)-280(that)-281(oracles)-280(can)-280(and)-280(do)-280(disappear.)-341(And)-280(this)-280(is)-280(in)-280(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(way)-273(derogatory)-272(to)-273(the)-273(power)-272(of)-273(God.)-318(For)-272(it)-273(is)-273(not)-272(the)-273(great)-272(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Himself)-390(who)-389(utters)-390(the)-389(warning)-390(or)-389(the)-390(prophecy)-389(by)-390(the)-389(voice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-387(the)-387(priestess.)-661(Such)-387(a)-387(doctrine)-387(is)-387(lowering)-387(to)-387(His)-387(greatness)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-270(majesty.)-312(In)-270(prophecy)-271(and)-270(divination,)-276(as)-270(in)-270(other)-271(fields,)-275(God)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(operates,)-245(through)-244(instruments)-245(and)-244(agents,)-245(on)-244(a)-244(given)-244(matter,)-245(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-322(concurrence)-323(with)-322(physical)-322(causes.)-468(The)-322(matter)-322(in)-323(this)-322(case)-322(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(human)-317(soul,)-334(which,)-333(in)-317(greater)-317(or)-317(less)-317(degrees,)-334(can)-317(be)-316(acted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-436(by)-436(supernatural)-437(i)1(nfluences.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.58 3.958 Td [(2265)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.258 -3.958 Td [(The)-436(exciting)-436(cause)-436(of)-437(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -162.838 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(enthusiasm)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.091 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.64 0 Td [(or)-348(inspiration,)-372(applying)-348(a)-348(sudden)-348(stimulus)-348(to)-348(the)]TJ -62.575 -13.549 Td [(soul,)-296(may)-287(be)-287(some)-287(vapour)-286(or)-287(exhalation)-287(from)-287(the)-287(earth,)-296(such)-286(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-392(which)-392(rose)-392(from)-392(the)-392(cleft)-392(beneath)-392(the)-392(Delphic)-392(tripod.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2266)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Lastly,)-383(there)-357(is)-356(the)-357(daemon,)-383(a)-357(supernatural)-356(being,)-384(who,)-383(by)-356(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(composite)-319(nature,)-337(as)-320(we)-319(have)-320(seen,)-337(is)-319(the)-320(channel)-319(of)-319(sympathy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(between)-247(the)-247(human)-247(and)-247(the)-247(Divine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 154.35 3.959 Td [(2267)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.155 -3.959 Td [(But)-247(among)-247(the)-247(causes)-247(of)]TJ -173.505 -13.549 Td [(afflatus)-296(or)-297(inspiration,)-308(some)-296(may,)-308(in)-297(cases,)-308(disappear)-296(and)-296(cease)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([438])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(to)-245(operate.)-249(The)-245(intoxicating)-246(fume)-245(or)-245(vapour)-246(is)-245(a)-246(force)-245(of)-245(varying)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intensity)-344(and)-345(may)-344(exhaust)-344(itself)-344(and)-345(be)-344(spent,)-368(as)-344(a)-344(spring)-344(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fail,)-243(or)-242(a)-242(mine)-242(may)-242(be)-241(worked)-242(out.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.968 3.959 Td [(2268)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.135 -3.959 Td [(The)-242(daemon)-242(may)-241(migrate)]TJ -169.103 -13.549 Td [(from)-245(one)-245(place)-245(to)-246(another,)-246(and)-245(with)-245(its)-245(disappearance,)-246(the)-245(oracle)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.12 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 169.308 Td [(2264)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.571 0 Td [(c.)-250(viii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.266 -7.395 Td [(2265)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.081 0 Td [(c.)-293(ix.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 20.698 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\267\270\255\302)-264(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.316 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301)-264(\272\277\274\271\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.458 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.159 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.836 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\265\270\261\271)-264(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.096 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-264(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.157 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-264(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.624 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.916 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.354 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\264\305\314\274\265\275\277\275)-264(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.145 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.972 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\303\316\274\261\304\261)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.763 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\301\277\306\267\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.619 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\277\306\270\255\263\263\265\303\270\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.53 0 Td [(;)-250(c.)-250(xlviii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.111 0 Td [(De)-250(Pyth.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.06 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -245.513 -7.31 Td [(2266)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-180(Def.)-227(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.11 0 Td [(xlii.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 16.236 0 Td [(\310\305\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.821 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-180(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.129 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.081 0 Td [(\274\261\275\304\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.15 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.162 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.669 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\274\274\261)-180(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.049 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\261\271)-180(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.136 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.161 0 Td [(\303\305\275\265\276\254\300\304\277\275\304\277\302)]TJ -225.29 -10.959 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\265\257\277\305)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.508 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\303\305\275\265\300\271\270\256\263\277\275\304\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.008 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -105.234 -7.311 Td [(2267)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.036 0 Td [(c.)-278(x.)-278(xii.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 32.142 0 Td [(\306\315\303\265\271\302)-259(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.704 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\257)-259(\304\271\275\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.036 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-259(\274\265\270\277\301\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.332 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.603 0 Td [(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.24 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-259(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.152 0 Td [(v)-259(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.67 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.121 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.588 0 Td [(\264\265\307\314\274\265\275\261\271)]TJ -243.258 -10.959 Td [(\300\254\270\267)-387(\270\275\267\304\254)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.524 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.014 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(W)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-386(\264\261\257\274\277\275\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.436 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.76 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.123 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\265\271)-387(\272\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.361 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.174 0 Td [(\275\314\274\277\275)-387(\300\261\304\255\301\311\275)-386(\303\255\262\265\303\270\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 94.327 0 Td [(:)-523(cf.)]TJ -264.238 -10.958 Td [(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Sympos.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.876 0 Td [(202)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 15.691 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.022 0 Td [(;)-250(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.15 0 Td [(De)-250(Deo)-250(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.795 0 Td [(c.)-250(vi.;)-250(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.765 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(\247\247)-250(2-8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -232.898 -7.311 Td [(2268)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-398(Def.)-695(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.221 0 Td [(c.)-695(xliii.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 35.379 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-398(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.413 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.337 0 Td [(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.768 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.208 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.118 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-398(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.376 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.558 0 Td [(\264\305\275\254\274\265\311\275)-398(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.802 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.359 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.832 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.083 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\272\273\265\257\310\265\271\302)-250(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.645 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.007 0 Td [(\263\265\275\255\303\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.925 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.573 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271)-250(\303\305\274\262\261\257\275\265\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.986 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2359 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2360 0 R /Resources 2358 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2357 0 R >> endobj 2361 0 obj << /D [2359 0 R /XYZ 194.57 247.191 null] >> endobj 2362 0 obj << /D [2359 0 R /XYZ 303.277 88.221 null] >> endobj 2358 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2365 0 obj << /Length 6281 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(531)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(will)-291(become)-291(silent,)-302(as)-291(that)-291(of)-292(Teiresias)-291(at)-291(Orchomenus)-291(has)-291(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been,)-234(just)-230(as)-230(the)-230(lyre)-230(becomes)-230(silent)-230(when)-230(the)-230(musician)-230(ceases)-230(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strike)-250(the)-250(strings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.848 3.959 Td [(2269)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -62.892 -20.99 Td [(In)-244(all)-245(this)-244(theory)-244(Plutarch)-245(is)-244(careful)-244(to)-245(guard)-244(himself)-244(against)-244(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(purely)-178(materialistic)-178(theory)-177(of)-178(the)-178(facts)-178(of)-178(inspiration.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.756 3.959 Td [(2270)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.903 -3.959 Td [(Physical)]TJ -243.659 -13.549 Td [(causes)-257(may)-256(assist)-257(and)-257(predispose,)-258(but)-257(physical)-256(causes)-257(alone)-256(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-176(account)-175(for)-176(the)-175(facts)-176(of)-175(inspiration.)-225(The)-176(daemon)-175(is)-176(a)-175(necessary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mediator)-308(between)-307(the)-308(human)-307(soul)-308(and)-308(God,)-322(a)-307(messenger)-308(of)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-419(purpose.)-758(But)-419(the)-420(real)-419(problem)-419(of)-420(inspiration)-419(is)-419(in)-419(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(soul)-378(of)-378(man)-377(himself,)-410(in)-378(the)-377(possibility)-378(of)-378(contact)-378(between)-377(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soul)-346(and)-347(a)-346(supernatural)-346(power.)-539(This)-347(question)-346(is)-346(illuminated)-346(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apuleius)-295(and)-295(Plutarch)-295(and)-295(Maximus)-295(of)-295(Tyre)-295(by)-295(a)-295(discussion)-294(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-409(daemon)-408(of)-409(Socrates.)-725(It)-409(was)-409(by)-408(a)-409(natural)-408(instinct)-409(that)-408(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Antonine)-334(Platonists)-334(went)-334(back)-334(to)-334(the)-334(great)-334(teacher)-334(of)-334(Plato)-333(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(support)-222(of)-223(the)-222(system)-223(which)-222(was)-223(to)-222(link)-223(religion)-222(with)-222(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-357(the)-356(daemonic)-357(theory.)-570(In)-356(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.478 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-357(dialogue)-356(on)-357(the)-356(Genius)]TJ -168.11 -13.549 Td [(of)-429(Socrates,)-474(the)-429(various)-430(theories)-429(of)-429(that)-429(mysterious)-429(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(current)-417(in)-417(antiquity)-418(are)-417(discussed)-417(at)-417(length.)-752(The)-417(language)-417(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-278(Socrates)-278(or)-278(his)-278(disciples)-278(spoke)-278(of)-278(its)-278(monitions)-278(lent)-278(itself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-160(different)-159(interpretations.)-220(Was)-159(his)-160(daemon)-159(an)-160(external)-159(sign,)-178(as)-159(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(augury,)-243(an)-241(audible)-241(voice,)-243(or)-241(an)-241(inner,)-242(perhaps)-241(supernatural)-241(light,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-245(voice)-245(of)-245(reason,)-245(speaking)-245(to)-245(the)-245(soul)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 166.254 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-245(highest)-245(faculty,)-246(through)]TJ -169.886 -13.549 Td [(no)-179(uttered)-178(word)-179(or)-178(symbol?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.469 3.959 Td [(2271)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.906 -3.959 Td [(The)-178(grosser)-179(conceptions)-178(of)-179(it)-178(may)]TJ -136.375 -13.549 Td [(be)-308(dismissed)-309(at)-308(once.)-425(The)-309(daemon)-308(of)-308(Socrates)-309(does)-308(not)-308(belong)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-274(the)-274(crude)-274(materialism)-274(of)-274(divination,)-280(although)-274(the)-274(philosopher)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(could)-477(forecast)-478(the)-477(disaster)-477(of)-478(Syracuse.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.658 3.959 Td [(2272)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.605 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-477(was)-478(it)-477(any)]TJ -209.263 -13.549 Td [(ordinary)-398(faculty)-398(of)-398(keen)-398(intellectual)-398(shrewdness,)-434(strengthened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-372(sharpened)-372(by)-371(the)-372(cultivation)-372(of)-372(experience.)-615(Still)-372(less)-371(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-394(any)-393(hallucination,)-430(bordering)-394(on)-394(insanity,)-429(which)-394(is)-394(merely)-393(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([439])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.309 Td [(2269)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxxviii.;)-250(Maury,)-250(p.)-250(149.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2270)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(xlvi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.204 -7.351 Td [(2271)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Gen.)-250(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.036 0 Td [(c.)-250(xi.)-250(xx.;)-250(cf.)-250(Hild,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.741 0 Td [(\311tude)-250(sur)-250(les)-250(D\351mons)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 78.447 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(263)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -213.919 -7.311 Td [(2272)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-221(Gen.)-240(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.427 0 Td [(c.)-240(xi.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.749 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\272\277\315\311)-221(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.136 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.747 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.616 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.527 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)-221(\243\271\272\265\273\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.526 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.688 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.639 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.998 0 Td [(\270\267\275\261\257\311\275)-221(\264\305\275\254\274\265\311\302)]TJ -210.047 -10.959 Td [(\306\270\277\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.946 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\301\277\265\271\300\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.139 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-250(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.495 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\314\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.271 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2364 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2365 0 R /Resources 2363 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2357 0 R >> endobj 2366 0 obj << /D [2364 0 R /XYZ 141.562 135.316 null] >> endobj 2363 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2369 0 obj << /Length 8007 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(532)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(perversion)-406(of)-406(the)-405(senses)-406(and)-406(reason.)-717(It)-406(was)-406(rather)-406(a)-405(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intuition,)-463(an)-421(immediate)-420(vision,)-463(not)-421(darkened)-420(or)-421(weakened)-420(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passing)-313(through)-313(any)-312(symbolic)-313(medium)-313(of)-313(the)-312(senses,)-329(a)-313(flash)-312(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sudden)-299(insight)-298(such)-299(as)-298(is)-298(vouchsafed)-299(only)-298(to)-299(the)-298(select)-299(order)-298(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pure)-367(and)-367(lofty)-367(spirits,)-396(in)-367(whom)-367(from)-367(the)-367(beginning)-367(the)-366(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(portion)-349(of)-349(the)-349(soul)-349(has)-349(always)-349(risen)-349(high)-349(above)-349(the)-349(turbid)-348(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(darkening)-270(influence)-270(of)-271(the)-270(senses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.029 3.959 Td [(2273)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.827 -3.959 Td [(That)-270(such)-271(a)-270(faculty)-270(exists)]TJ -168.856 -13.549 Td [(is)-218(certain)-219(to)-218(the)-219(Platonist)-218(and)-219(the)-218(Pythagorean.)-240(But)-218(in)-219(the)-218(mass)-218(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-264(it)-264(is)-264(struggling)-264(against)-264(fleshly)-264(powers,)-267(sometimes)-264(defeated,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sometimes)-250(victorious,)-251(inspiring)-250(ideals,)-250(or)-251(stinging)-250(with)-250(remorse,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(until)-233(perchance,)-236(late)-233(and)-232(slowly,)-236(after)-233(chastisement)-233(and)-232(struggle,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-210(emerges)-209(into)-210(a)-210(certain)-210(calm.)-236(Pythagoreans,)-218(such)-210(as)-209(Apollonius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taught)-425(that)-425(the)-425(diviner,)-469(the)-425(mantic,)-469(faculty)-425(in)-425(man)-425(was)-425(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(open)-353(to)-352(higher)-353(influences)-352(when)-353(emancipated)-353(from)-352(the)-353(body)-352(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sleep,)-245(and)-243(that)-244(it)-243(could)-244(be)-243(set)-244(free)-243(in)-244(waking)-243(hours)-244(by)-243(abstinence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-321(ascetic)-320(discipline.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.584 3.959 Td [(2274)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.476 -3.959 Td [(Plutarch)-321(laid)-320(stress)-321(on)-320(the)-321(latter)-321(part)]TJ -119.06 -13.549 Td [(of)-403(this)-404(theory,)-441(but)-404(ridiculed)-403(the)-404(notion)-403(that)-403(the)-404(soul)-403(could)-403(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-423(clear)-422(and)-423(receptive)-422(when)-422(its)-423(powers)-422(were)-423(relaxed.)-767(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-374(capacity)-374(of)-375(the)-374(higher)-374(reason)-374(in)-375(the)-374(loftier)-374(souls)-374(is)-374(almost)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(without)-337(limit.)-511(The)-337(reason,)-359(which)-337(is)-337(the)-337(daemon)-338(in)-337(each,)-358(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unimpeded)-352(by)-353(bodily)-352(obstruction,)-379(is)-352(open)-352(to)-353(the)-352(lightest,)-378(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ethereal)-381(touch.)-644(Spirit)-381(can)-381(act)-382(directly)-381(by)-381(immediate)-381(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upon)-322(spirit,)-341(without)-322(any)-322(sensuous)-323(aid)-322(of)-322(word)-322(or)-323(sign.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.135 3.959 Td [(2275)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.531 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(influence)-185(is)-185(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.766 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(wind)-185(blowing)-185(where)-185(it)-185(listeth,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.765 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.861 0 Td [(or)-185(a)-185(strange)-185(sudden)]TJ -198.235 -13.549 Td [(illumination,)-179(revealing)-162(truth)-162(as)-161(by)-162(a)-162(flash.)-220(The)-162(disembodied)-161(spirit,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cleansed)-364(and)-365(freed)-364(from)-364(the)-365(servitude)-364(of)-364(the)-365(body,)-393(and)-364(now)-364(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(real)-299(daemon,)-311(possesses)-299(all)-298(these)-299(powers)-299(and)-299(receptivities)-299(in)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fullest)-383(measure.)-648(But)-383(it)-383(gains)-383(no)-382(new)-383(power)-383(when)-383(it)-383(quits)-382(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.922 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.11 Td [(2273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Gen.)-250(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.036 0 Td [(c.)-250(xx.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.668 -7.311 Td [(2274)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(T.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.382 0 Td [(vi.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -80.463 -7.394 Td [(2275)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-251(Gen.)-252(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.075 0 Td [(c.)-253(xx.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.961 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.886 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.016 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-251(\264\261\271\274\314\275\311\275)-251(\306\255\263\263\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 73.727 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\277\305\303\261\271)-251(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.568 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-251(\264\305\275\261\274\255\275\277\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -232.724 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\273\273\254\274\300\277\305\303\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.205 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.811 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.648 0 Td [(\264\265\314\274\265\275\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.119 0 Td [(\345)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\267\274\254\304\311\275)-458(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.576 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.09 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275\277\274\254\304\311\275)-458(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.497 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.072 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311\302)-458(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.359 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.74 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\264\261\271\274\314\275\311\275)-244(\273\314\263\277\271)-243(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 68.166 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.892 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\311\275)-244(\306\265\301\314\274\265\275\277\271)-243(\274\314\275\277\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 98.29 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275\267\307\277\315\303\271)-244(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.131 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.843 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\270\314\301\305\262\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.433 0 Td [(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\304\277\302)]TJ -268.651 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.762 0 Td [(\275\256\274\265\275\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.615 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\277\305\303\271)-237(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.273 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-237(\310\305\307\256\275\207)-237(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.471 0 Td [(S)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-237(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.079 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.892 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)-237(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.398 0 Td [(\265\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.517 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-237(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.065 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.762 0 Td [(\264\261\271\274\277\275\257\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.914 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\277\305\302)]TJ -243.662 -10.959 Td [(\272\261\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.48 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\274\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.145 0 Td [(;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.184 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxxvii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2368 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2369 0 R /Resources 2367 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2357 0 R >> endobj 2367 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2372 0 obj << /Length 5149 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(philosophic)-250(theologian)-11781(533)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(body,)-341(although)-322(its)-323(spiritual)-323(faculties)-322(may)-323(have)-322(been)-323(dulled)-322(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obstructed)-245(by)-245(the)-246(flesh.)-248(The)-245(sun)-245(does)-246(not)-245(lose)-245(its)-245(native)-245(radiance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-395(for)-395(a)-395(moment)-396(it)-395(is)-395(obscured)-395(by)-395(clouds.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.28 3.959 Td [(2276)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.915 -3.959 Td [(And)-395(thus)-395(a)]TJ -230.195 -13.549 Td [(Socrates)-427(may)-426(even)-427(here)-427(below)-427(have)-426(a)-427(spiritual)-427(vision)-426(denied)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-410(us;)-491(a)-410(Pythia)-411(may)-410(be)-410(inspired)-411(by)-410(the)-410(daemon)-411(of)-410(the)-410(shrine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-379(read)-379(the)-378(future)-379(of)-379(a)-379(campaign.)-636(Nor)-379(is)-379(there)-379(anything)-378(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wonderful)-369(in)-369(prediction)-370(than)-369(in)-369(memory.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.056 3.959 Td [(2277)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.065 -3.959 Td [(In)-369(this)-369(unresting)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.903 0 Td [([440])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(flux)-215(of)-214(existence,)-222(the)-215(present)-214(of)-215(brief)-215(sensation)-214(is)-215(a)-215(mere)-214(moment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(between)-269(the)-269(past)-270(which)-269(has)-269(ceased)-269(to)-269(be)-270(and)-269(the)-269(future)-269(which)-269(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-303(be)-304(born.)-409(If)-304(we)-303(can)-303(still)-304(grasp)-303(the)-303(one,)-317(may)-303(we)-303(not)-303(anticipate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(other?)]TJ 11.956 -13.856 Td [(It)-622(is)-621(thus)-622(that,)-714(by)-622(a)-622(far-reaching)-621(theory)-622(of)-621(inspiration,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)-427(strove)-428(to)-427(rehabilitate)-428(the)-427(faith)-427(in)-428(oracular)-427(lore.)-782(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(loftier)-466(philosophic)-466(conception)-466(of)-466(the)-466(Supreme)-466(is)-466(saved)-465(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contamination)-258(with)-257(anything)-258(earthly)-257(by)-258(the)-257(doctrine)-258(of)-257(daemons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-512(released)-512(from)-513(the)-512(body,)-577(yet,)-578(through)-512(the)-512(higher)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(faculty)-380(in)-379(all)-380(souls,)-411(able)-380(to)-379(act)-380(directly)-379(upon)-380(those)-379(still)-380(in)-379(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flesh.)-240(The)-220(influence)-220(is)-220(direct)-220(and)-220(immediate,)-226(yet)-220(not)-220(independent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(purely)-362(physical)-362(causes)-361(or)-362(temperament.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.69 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(The)-362(treasure)-362(is)-362(in)]TJ -201.533 -13.549 Td [(earthen)-453(vessels.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.684 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.789 0 Td [(But)-453(the)-454(full)-453(vision)-453(is)-454(only)-453(reserved)-453(for)-454(the)]TJ -80.473 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-292(unpolluted)-292(and)-292(untroubled)-292(by)-292(sense)-292(and)-292(passion.)-376(Plutarch)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-368(preparing)-368(the)-369(way)-368(for)-368(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.734 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(ecstasy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 31.505 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.86 0 Td [(of)-368(later)-368(Neo-Platonism.)]TJ -175.943 -13.549 Td [(All)-324(this)-324(speculation)-323(of)-324(course)-324(lent)-324(itself)-323(to)-324(a)-324(revival)-324(of)-323(heathen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superstition.)-647(Yet)-382(it)-383(is)-382(interesting)-382(to)-383(see)-382(how,)-415(in)-383(many)-382(a)-382(flash)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-368(insight,)-398(Plutarch)-368(reveals)-369(a)-368(truth)-368(for)-369(all)-368(generations.)-605(We,)-397(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-448(time,)-498(are)-448(perhaps)-449(too)-448(much)-448(inclined)-449(to)-448(limit)-448(the)-448(powers)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-357(the)-358(human)-357(spirit)-357(to)-357(the)-358(field)-357(of)-357(sense)-357(and)-358(observation.)-571(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slackening)-197(hold)-198(on)-197(faith)-197(in)-198(a)-197(spiritual)-197(world)-198(and)-197(a)-197(higher)-197(intuition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-300(well)-300(be)-300(visited)-300(by)-300(the)-299(proper)-300(Nemesis,)-313(in)-300(the)-300(darkening)-299(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-203(divine)-203(vision,)-213(whether)-203(as)-203(religious)-203(faith)-203(or)-203(artistic)-203(inspiration.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-304(dream)-303(of)-304(an)-303(earthly)-303(paradise)-304(enriched)-303(with)-304(every)-303(sensuous)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gratification)-206(by)-206(a)-206(science)-207(working)-206(in)-206(bondage)-206(to)-206(mere)-206(utility)-206(may)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.071 Td [(2276)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxxix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.267 -7.311 Td [(2277)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxxix.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2371 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2372 0 R /Resources 2370 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2357 0 R >> endobj 2373 0 obj << /D [2371 0 R /XYZ 46.771 436.88 null] >> endobj 2370 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2376 0 obj << /Length 863 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(534)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(have)-304(serious)-303(results)-304(for)-304(the)-304(spiritual)-303(future)-304(of)-304(humanity.)-411(It)-303(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(need)-227(a)-227(bitter)-227(experience)-227(to)-227(dispel)-227(the)-228(gross)-227(illusion;)-234(yet)-227(men)-227(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-295(more)-295(come)-295(to)-295(believe)-295(with)-295(Plutarch)-295(that,)-306(as)-295(it)-295(were,)-306(at)-295(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(back)-292(of)-292(every)-293(soul)-292(there)-292(is)-292(an)-292(opening)-293(to)-292(the)-292(divine)-292(world)-292(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-250(yet)-250(may)-250(come,)-250(as)-250(of)-250(old,)-250(the)-250(touch)-250(of)-250(an)-250(unseen)-250(hand.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2375 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2376 0 R /Resources 2374 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2357 0 R >> endobj 2374 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2377 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index15) >> endobj 2380 0 obj (Book IV. Adscedentibus di manum porrigunt) endobj 2383 0 obj << /Length 290 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([441])]TJ/F16 18.9589 Tf -192.585 -64.318 Td [(BOOK)-280(IV.)]TJ/F23 15.7808 Tf -66.54 -55.097 Td [(ADSCENDENTIBUS)-260(DI)-259(MANUM)]TJ 64.585 -20.515 Td [(PORRIGUNT)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.54 -15.993 Td [([442])]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2382 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2383 0 R /Resources 2381 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2386 0 R >> endobj 2378 0 obj << /D [2382 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 2384 0 obj << /D [2382 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 2385 0 obj << /D [2382 0 R /XYZ 46.771 356.888 null] >> endobj 2381 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2387 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index16) >> endobj 2390 0 obj (I. Superstition) endobj 2393 0 obj << /Length 4324 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 20.788 512.811 Td [([443])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 172.285 -32.118 Td [(CHAPTER)-280(I)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -5.242 -48.161 Td [(SUPERSTITION)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -94.288 -27.899 Td [(Superstition)-433(in)-433(all)-434(ages)-433(is)-433(a)-433(term)-433(of)-434(unstable)-433(meaning.)-799(Men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-265(of)-266(the)-265(same)-265(time)-265(will)-266(apply)-265(it)-265(or)-265(deny)-266(its)-265(application)-265(to)-265(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-253(belief.)-259(The)-253(devout)-253(beliefs)-253(of)-253(one)-253(period)-253(may)-253(become)-253(mere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superstitions)-297(to)-297(the)-297(next.)-391(And,)-309(conversely,)-309(what)-297(for)-297(a)-297(time)-297(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-275(regarded)-275(as)-275(alien)-275(superstition,)-282(may)-275(in)-275(course)-275(of)-275(time)-275(become)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-293(accepted)-294(portion)-293(of)-293(the)-294(native)-293(creed.)-380(This)-293(was)-294(the)-293(history)-293(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-288(Eastern)-287(cults)-288(which)-288(will)-288(be)-287(described)-288(in)-288(coming)-287(chapters.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(At)-332(first,)-353(they)-333(fell)-332(under)-332(Cicero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 136.815 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-332(definition)-333(of)-332(superstition,)-353(viz.)]TJ -140.448 -13.549 Td [(any)-272(religious)-273(belief)-272(or)-273(practice)-272(going)-272(beyond)-273(the)-272(prescription)-272(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancestral)-350(usage.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 70.153 3.958 Td [(2278)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.426 -3.958 Td [(But)-350(a)-349(day)-350(came)-350(when)-349(they)-350(were)-349(the)-350(most)]TJ -92.579 -13.55 Td [(popular)-335(worships)-336(of)-335(the)-336(Roman)-335(world,)-357(when)-335(great)-336(nobles,)-356(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-304(the)-304(prince)-304(himself,)-317(were)-304(enthusiastic)-304(votaries)-304(of)-304(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2279)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-459(religion)-460(of)-459(Mithra,)-512(when)-459(it)-459(was)-460(confined)-459(to)-459(an)-459(obscure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(circle)-349(of)-350(slaves)-349(or)-350(freedmen)-349(at)-350(Ostia,)-374(was)-349(a)-350(superstition)-349(to)-349(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pontifical)-336(college.)-507(It)-336(took)-336(its)-336(place)-335(with)-336(the)-336(cult)-336(of)-336(the)-335(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Trinity)-295(when)-295(Aurelian)-295(built)-294(his)-295(temple)-295(to)-295(the)-295(Sun)-295(and)-294(endowed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(priesthood.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.244 3.959 Td [(2280)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -52.288 -17.76 Td [(Plutarch)-272(devoted)-272(a)-272(treatise)-272(to)-272(the)-272(subject)-272(of)-272(superstition.)-316(And)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(his)-180(conception)-180(of)-180(it)-179(is)-180(more)-180(like)-180(our)-180(own,)-194(less)-180(formal)-180(and)-179(external,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-293(that)-294(of)-293(Cicero.)-380(He)-293(develops)-293(his)-293(view)-294(of)-293(the)-293(degradation)-293(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-308(religious)-308(sense)-308(by)-309(contrasting)-308(it)-308(with)-308(atheism.)-424(Atheism)-308(is)-308(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-204(calamity,)-214(a)-204(blindness)-204(of)-205(the)-204(reason)-204(to)-205(the)-204(goodness)-204(and)-204(love)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.149 Td [(2278)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.159 0 Td [(De)-295(Nat.)-387(Deor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.081 0 Td [(i.)-386(17,)-307(42,)-307(\247)-295(117;)-318(ii.)-387(28,)-306(\247)-296(70;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 108.133 0 Td [(De)-295(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.942 0 Td [(ii.)-386(72;)-318(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.156 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -268.427 -10.959 Td [(123;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.059 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(i.)-250(23.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -92.152 -7.31 Td [(2279)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(Com.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(c.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -71.479 -7.311 Td [(2280)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Vop.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(Aurelian.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.865 0 Td [(c.)-250(35,)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2392 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2393 0 R /Resources 2391 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2386 0 R >> endobj 2388 0 obj << /D [2392 0 R /XYZ 93.543 529.134 null] >> endobj 124 0 obj << /D [2392 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 2391 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2396 0 obj << /Length 9380 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(537)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-251(govern)-250(the)-251(universe.)-251(It)-251(is)-251(the)-250(extinction)-251(of)-250(a)-251(faculty)-250(rather)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-210(the)-210(perversion)-209(of)-210(one.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.884 3.959 Td [(2281)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.019 -3.959 Td [(But)-210(superstition)-210(both)-209(believes)-210(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.121 0 Td [([444])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(trembles.)-299(It)-267(acknowledges)-266(the)-266(existence)-267(of)-266(supernatural)-266(powers,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-185(they)-185(are)-185(to)-185(it)-186(powers)-185(of)-185(evil)-185(who)-185(are)-185(ready)-185(to)-185(afflict)-185(and)-185(injure,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-236(be)-236(approached)-235(only)-236(in)-236(terror)-236(and)-236(with)-235(servile)-236(prostration.)-245(This)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(craven)-415(fear)-415(of)-415(God)-415(fills)-415(the)-415(whole)-415(universe)-415(with)-415(spectres.)-745(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(leaves)-321(no)-320(refuge)-321(whither)-321(the)-320(devil-worshipper)-321(can)-321(escape)-320(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-276(horrors)-276(which)-277(haunt)-276(him)-276(night)-276(and)-276(day.)-329(Whither)-276(can)-276(he)-276(flee)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-374(that)-374(awful)-374(presence?)-623(Sleep,)-405(which)-374(should)-374(give)-374(a)-374(respite)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-277(the)-277(cares)-277(of)-277(life,)-284(to)-277(his)-277(fevered)-277(mind,)-284(swarms)-277(with)-277(ghostly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terrors.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.2 3.959 Td [(2282)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.144 -3.959 Td [(And)-341(death,)-364(the)-341(last)-341(sleep,)-364(which)-341(should)-341(put)-341(a)-341(term)]TJ -53.344 -13.549 Td [(to)-410(the)-411(ills)-410(of)-410(life,)-450(only)-411(unrolls)-410(before)-410(the)-410(superstitious)-410(votary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-325(awful)-325(scene)-325(of)-325(rivers)-325(of)-325(fire)-325(and)-325(blackness)-325(of)-325(darkness,)-343(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sounds)-321(of)-320(punishment)-321(and)-320(unutterable)-321(woe.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 193.522 3.958 Td [(2283)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.474 -3.958 Td [(To)-320(such)-321(a)-320(soul)]TJ -214.996 -13.55 Td [(the)-322(festivals)-321(of)-322(ancestral)-321(religion)-322(lose)-322(all)-321(their)-322(solemn)-321(gladness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-317(cheering)-316(comfort.)-450(The)-316(shrines)-316(which)-317(should)-316(offer)-317(a)-316(refuge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-227(the)-227(troubled)-227(heart,)-231(even)-227(to)-227(the)-227(hunted)-227(criminal,)-232(become)-227(to)-226(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(places)-251(of)-250(torture.)-252(And)-250(the)-251(believer)-251(in)-250(a)-251(God)-250(of)-251(malignant)-250(cruelty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(betakes)-313(himself)-313(in)-313(despair)-313(to)-313(dark)-313(rites)-313(from)-313(foreign)-313(lands,)-328(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spends)-436(his)-435(substance)-436(on)-436(impostors)-436(who)-435(trade)-436(upon)-436(his)-435(fears.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Better,)-381(says)-354(the)-354(pious)-355(Plutarch,)-380(not)-354(believe)-355(in)-354(God)-355(at)-354(all,)-380(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cringe)-408(before)-408(a)-408(God)-409(worse)-408(than)-408(the)-408(worst)-408(of)-408(men.)-724(Unbelief,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(calamity)-260(though)-261(it)-260(be,)-263(at)-260(least)-260(does)-260(not)-261(dishonour)-260(a)-260(Deity)-260(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(existence)-310(it)-311(denies.)-430(The)-311(true)-310(impiety)-310(is)-310(to)-311(believe)-310(that)-310(God)-310(can)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-250(wantonly)-250(faithless)-250(and)-250(revengeful,)-250(fickle)-250(and)-250(cruel.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.607 3.959 Td [(2284)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 175.876 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 169.063 Td [(2281)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.921 0 Td [(De)-245(Superst.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.983 0 Td [(c.)-248(5,)-246(6,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.305 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.013 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.74 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\270\265\314\270\267\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.82 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\254\270\265\271\261)-245(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.204 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-245(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.708 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.659 0 Td [(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.24 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\314\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.205 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.971 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.951 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.013 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.864 -10.959 Td [(\264\265\271\303\271\264\261\271\274\277\275\257\261)-250(\300\277\273\305\300\254\270\265\271\261)-250(\272\261\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 112.25 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.643 0 Td [(x)-250(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.414 0 Td [(\263\261\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.44 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\277\275\277\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.658 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.993 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -206.948 -7.31 Td [(2282)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-427(Superst.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.256 0 Td [(c.)-782(3,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 24.182 0 Td [(\274\314\275\267)-427(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.722 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)-427(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.58 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.375 0 Td [(\303\300\255\275\264\265\304\261\271)-427(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.406 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-427(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.343 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.376 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.104 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.732 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\311\273\261)]TJ -260.617 -10.959 Td [(\306\301\271\272\316\264\267)-337(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.875 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.656 0 Td [(\304\265\301\254\303\304\271\261)-337(\306\254\303\274\261\304\261)-337(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 80.237 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.656 0 Td [(\300\277\271\275\254\302)-337(\304\271\275\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 50.171 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\263\265\257\301\277\305\303\261)-337(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.252 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.656 0 Td [(\303\304\301\277\262\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.823 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\261)]TJ -271.637 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\270\273\257\261\275)-250(\310\305\307\256\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.495 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.373 -7.311 Td [(2283)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(4,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 17.43 0 Td [(\303\305\275\254\300\304\277\305\303\261)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 50.759 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\270\261\275\254\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.29 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\272\261\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.853 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\257\275\277\271\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.495 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\270\261\275\254\304\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.113 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -233.16 -7.31 Td [(2284)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.192 0 Td [(c.)-999(6,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 26.951 0 Td [(\306\277\262\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.116 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\261\271)-500(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.548 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-500(\270\265\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.843 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-500(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.418 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.117 0 Td [(\272\261\304\261\306\265\315\263\277\305\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.096 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.118 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.32 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-500(\270\265\277\315\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.048 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.388 -10.959 Td [(\272\277\273\261\272\265\315\277\305\303\271)-291(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 59.187 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.246 0 Td [(\273\277\271\264\277\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.346 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.468 0 Td [(.)-373(Cf.)-373(Bacon)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 43.05 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 6.097 0 Td [(Essays,)-301(Of)-291(Superstition)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 84.269 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 4.943 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.982 0 Td [(It)-291(were)]TJ -255.12 -10.959 Td [(better)-253(to)-253(have)-253(no)-254(opinion)-253(of)-253(God)-253(at)-253(all,)-254(than)-253(such)-253(an)-253(opinion)-254(as)-253(is)-253(unworthy)-253(of)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Him.)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 18.183 0 Td [(\035)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2395 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2396 0 R /Resources 2394 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2386 0 R >> endobj 2397 0 obj << /D [2395 0 R /XYZ 180.674 504.626 null] >> endobj 2394 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2400 0 obj << /Length 5570 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(538)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(The)-457(earnestness,)-508(and)-456(even)-457(bitterness,)-508(with)-457(which)-456(Plutarch)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(assails)-371(the)-372(degrading)-371(fear)-372(of)-371(the)-371(supernal)-372(Powers)-371(have)-371(caused)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-351(rather)-350(shallow)-351(critics)-350(to)-351(imagine)-350(that)-351(he)-350(had)-351(a)-350(sympathy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-234(scepticism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 70.732 3.958 Td [(2285)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.106 -3.958 Td [(How)-234(such)-233(an)-234(idea)-234(could)-233(arise)-234(in)-234(the)-234(mind)-233(of)]TJ -89.838 -13.55 Td [(any)-214(one)-215(who)-214(had)-214(read)-214(his)-215(treatise)-214(on)-214(the)-214(Genius)-215(of)-214(Socrates)-214(or)-214(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Isis)-204(and)-204(Osiris,)-213(or)-204(on)-204(the)-204(Delays)-204(of)-204(Divine)-204(Justice,)-213(it)-204(is)-204(difficult)-204(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagine.)-403(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.631 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-301(hatred)-301(of)-301(superstition)-301(is)-301(that)-301(of)-301(a)-301(genuinely)]TJ -82.264 -13.549 Td [(pious)-302(man,)-316(with)-302(a)-302(lofty)-302(conception)-302(of)-303(the)-302(Divine)-302(love)-302(and)-302(pity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-199(is)-199(revolted)-200(by)-199(the)-199(travesty)-199(of)-199(pure)-200(religion,)-209(which)-199(is)-199(repeated)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([445])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(from)-322(age)-321(to)-322(age.)-464(It)-322(is)-321(the)-322(feeling)-321(of)-322(a)-321(man)-322(to)-321(whom)-322(religion)-321(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-384(of)-385(the)-384(most)-384(elevating)-384(joys)-384(of)-385(life,)-417(when)-385(he)-384(sees)-384(it)-384(turned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-285(an)-284(instrument)-285(of)-284(torture.)-354(But)-285(the)-284(force)-285(of)-284(the)-285(protest)-284(shows)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(how)-379(rampant)-378(was)-379(the)-379(evil)-378(in)-379(that)-379(age.)-636(Lucretius)-378(felt)-379(with)-378(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intensity)-229(of)-229(genius)-229(all)-229(the)-229(misery)-229(which)-229(perverted)-229(conceptions)-229(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-289(Divine)-290(nature)-289(had)-289(inflicted)-290(on)-289(human)-289(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.365 3.959 Td [(2286)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.451 -3.959 Td [(But)-289(the)-290(force)]TJ -222.816 -13.549 Td [(of)-235(Roman)-235(superstition)-235(had)-235(endlessly)-235(multiplied)-235(since)-235(the)-235(days)-234(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucretius.)-236(It)-208(was)-207(no)-208(longer)-208(the)-208(exaggeration)-207(of)-208(Roman)-208(awe)-208(at)-207(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lightning,)-220(the)-213(flight)-213(of)-214(birds,)-220(the)-213(entrails)-213(of)-213(a)-213(sacrificial)-213(victim,)-220(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anxious)-310(observance)-310(of)-310(the)-310(solemn)-310(words)-310(of)-310(ancestral)-310(formulae,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(every)-384(syllable)-384(of)-384(which)-384(had)-384(to)-384(be)-384(guarded)-384(from)-384(mutilation)-383(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(omission.)-446(All)-316(the)-315(lands)-315(which)-316(had)-315(fallen)-316(to)-315(her)-315(sword)-316(were,)-331(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-396(day,)-431(adding)-396(to)-395(the)-396(spiritual)-395(burden)-396(of)-395(Rome.)-687(If)-395(in)]TJ -39.993 -13.549 Td [(some)-387(cases)-386(they)-387(enriched)-386(her)-387(rather)-386(slender)-387(spiritual)-386(heritage,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-304(also)-304(multiplied)-303(the)-304(sources)-304(of)-304(supernatural)-304(terror.)-411(If)-304(in)-303(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mysteries)-395(of)-395(Isis)-395(and)-394(Mithra)-395(they)-395(exalted)-395(the)-395(soul)-395(in)-394(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reverie)-364(and)-363(gave)-364(a)-364(promise)-363(of)-364(a)-364(coming)-363(life,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.29 3.959 Td [(2287)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.715 -3.959 Td [(they)-364(sent)-363(the)]TJ -223.005 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-299(matron)-298(to)-299(bathe)-299(in)-298(the)-299(freezing)-299(Tiber)-298(at)-299(early)-299(dawn)-298(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crawl)-305(on)-305(bleeding)-305(knees)-304(over)-305(the)-305(Campus)-305(Martius,)-319(or)-304(purchase)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-317(interpretation)-318(of)-317(a)-317(dream)-318(from)-317(some)-317(diviner)-318(of)-317(Palestine)-317(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-338(horoscope)-339(from)-338(some)-338(trader)-339(in)-338(astral)-338(lore.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.999 3.959 Td [(2288)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.057 -3.959 Td [(The)-338(Platonist,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.31 Td [(2285)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gr\351ard,)-250(p.)-250(269.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2286)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)-250(i.)-250(65;)-250(iii.)-250(991;)-250(cf.)-250(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 97.634 0 Td [(De)-250(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.127 0 Td [(ii.)-250(72.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -142.456 -7.31 Td [(2287)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.536 -7.311 Td [(2288)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(523,)-250(547;)-250(Mart.)-250(vii.)-250(54;)-250(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 132.505 0 Td [(Philops.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.884 0 Td [(c.)-250(7-13.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2399 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2400 0 R /Resources 2398 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2386 0 R >> endobj 2401 0 obj << /D [2399 0 R /XYZ 298.94 409.782 null] >> endobj 2398 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2404 0 obj << /Length 6377 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(539)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(nourished)-189(on)-189(the)-189(pure)-188(theism)-189(of)-189(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 152.584 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.387 0 Td [(and)-189(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 33.204 0 Td [(Republic)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.782 0 Td [(,)-201(and)]TJ -259.957 -13.549 Td [(the)-290(priest)-290(of)-291(that)-290(cheerful)-290(shrine,)-300(which)-291(the)-290(young)-290(Ion)-290(had)-290(each)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bright)-241(morning)-241(swept)-241(with)-241(myrtle)-241(boughs)-241(and)-241(sprinkled)-241(with)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(water)-211(of)-210(the)-211(Castalian)-210(spring,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 126.44 3.958 Td [(2289)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.822 -3.958 Td [(whose)-211(holy)-210(ministry)-211(gladdened)]TJ -145.262 -13.55 Td [(even)-318(the)-317(years)-318(of)-317(boyhood)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 118.071 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(a)-318(man)-317(with)-318(such)-317(experience)-318(had)-317(a)]TJ -128.98 -13.549 Td [(natural)-229(horror)-229(of)-228(the)-229(dark)-229(terrors)-228(which)-229(threatened)-229(to)-229(obscure)-228(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(radiant)-250(visions)-250(of)-250(Delphi)-250(and)-250(Olympus.)]TJ 11.956 -14.33 Td [(Livy)-254(complained)-255(of)-254(the)-254(neglect)-255(in)-254(his)-254(day)-255(of)-254(signs)-254(and)-254(omens)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(which)-433(formerly)-433(were)-432(deemed)-433(worthy)-433(of)-433(historical)-433(record.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2290)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-512(contempt)-512(for)-511(augury)-512(in)-512(the)-511(time)-512(of)-512(Cicero)-512(was)-511(hardly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(concealed)-326(among)-326(the)-325(cultivated.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.055 3.959 Td [(2291)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.646 -3.959 Td [(The)-326(details)-326(of)-325(parts)-326(of)-326(the)]TJ -164.701 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-347(bird-lore)-347(eluded)-346(the)-347(researches)-347(of)-347(the)-346(elder)-347(Pliny.)-540(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(emperor)-291(Claudius,)-302(lamenting)-291(the)-291(neglect)-292(of)-291(the)-291(ancient)-291(science,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demanded)-486(a)-485(decree)-486(of)-485(the)-486(Senate)-486(to)-485(restore)-486(it)-485(to)-486(its)-485(former)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([446])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(efficiency.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.342 3.959 Td [(2292)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.156 -3.959 Td [(These)-247(are)-248(some)-247(signs)-247(of)-247(that)-248(general)-247(decay)-247(of)-247(old)]TJ -65.498 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-340(religion)-340(in)-340(the)-340(last)-340(century)-339(of)-340(the)-340(Republic,)-363(which)-339(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(partly)-313(due)-313(to)-313(philosophic)-313(enlightenment)-313(partly)-313(to)-313(the)-312(confusion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-308(demoralisation)-307(of)-308(civil)-307(strife,)-322(but)-307(perhaps)-308(even)-307(more)-308(to)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dangerous)-392(seductions)-392(of)-392(foreign)-392(superstitions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.48 3.959 Td [(2293)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.815 -3.959 Td [(Among)-392(the)]TJ -230.295 -13.549 Td [(counsels)-439(of)-439(Maecenas)-439(to)-439(Augustus)-439(none)-439(is)-439(more)-439(earnest)-439(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weighty)-246(than)-246(the)-246(warning)-246(against)-246(these)-246(occult)-246(arts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.265 3.959 Td [(2294)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.151 -3.959 Td [(Augustus)]TJ -239.416 -13.549 Td [(is)-351(advised)-351(to)-351(observe,)-377(and)-351(enforce)-351(the)-351(observance)-351(of)-351(the)-351(time-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honoured)-490(ancestral)-490(forms,)-550(but)-490(he)-490(must)-490(banish)-490(sorcerers)-489(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(diviners,)-566(who)-503(may)-503(sow)-503(the)-503(seeds)-503(of)-503(conspiracy)-503(against)-502(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prince.)-371(The)-290(advice)-291(was)-290(acted)-290(on.)-371(While)-291(the)-290(emperor)-290(rebuilt)-290(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fallen)-248(temples)-248(and)-247(revived)-248(the)-248(ancient)-248(Latin)-248(rites,)-248(2000)-248(books)-247(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unlicensed)-349(divination)-348(were)-349(in)-349(one)-348(day)-349(given)-348(to)-349(the)-349(flames.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2295)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.711 Td [(2289)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Eurip.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(Ion)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(,)-250(104.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.053 -7.31 Td [(2290)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-250(xliii.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2291)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.127 0 Td [(ii.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.759 -7.311 Td [(2292)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.737 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.199 0 Td [(xi.)-341(15,)-288(rettulit)-280(deinde)-280(ad)-280(senatum)-280(super)-281(collegio)-280(haruspicum,)-288(ne)]TJ -49.891 -10.958 Td [(vetustissima)-250(Italiae)-250(disciplina)-250(per)-250(desidiam)-250(exolesceret.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2293)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Warde)-250(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.022 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.296 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(343.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -124.013 -7.311 Td [(2294)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lii.)-250(36,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 57.788 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-250(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.195 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.007 0 Td [(\276\265\275\257\266\277\275\304\254\302)-250(\304\271)-250(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 63.428 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.24 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.533 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\274\257\303\265\271)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.679 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\272\314\273\261\266\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.823 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -277.086 -7.394 Td [(2295)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(xxxi.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2403 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2404 0 R /Resources 2402 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2386 0 R >> endobj 2405 0 obj << /D [2403 0 R /XYZ 268.327 341.255 null] >> endobj 2402 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2408 0 obj << /Length 5999 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(540)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(The)-275(old)-275(religion,)-281(which)-275(had)-275(absorbed)-275(so)-275(much)-275(from)-275(the)-275(augural)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lore)-228(of)-228(Etruria,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.046 3.959 Td [(2296)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.972 -3.959 Td [(was)-228(itself)-228(certainly)-228(not)-228(free)-228(from)-227(superstition.)]TJ -83.018 -13.549 Td [(The)-321(wrath)-320(of)-321(the)-320(Lemures,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 119.11 3.959 Td [(2297)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.128 -3.959 Td [(the)-321(darkness)-320(of)-321(the)-320(inner)-321(forest,)]TJ -139.238 -13.549 Td [(the)-191(flash)-190(of)-191(lightning,)-202(the)-191(flight)-191(of)-190(birds,)-203(the)-191(entrails)-190(of)-191(a)-190(sacrifice,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(excited)-204(many)-203(a)-204(fear,)-213(and)-203(might)-204(cause)-203(a)-204(man)-204(to)-203(suspend)-204(a)-203(journey,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-293(break)-294(up)-293(an)-293(assembly)-293(of)-294(the)-293(people.)-380(But)-293(the)-293(Romans)-293(had,)-304(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-234(early)-234(ages,)-237(after)-233(their)-234(orderly)-234(legal)-234(fashion,)-237(reduced)-234(the)-233(force)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-273(these)-273(terrors)-273(by)-274(an)-273(elaborate)-273(art)-273(which)-273(provided)-273(a)-273(convenient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resource)-266(of)-265(statecraft,)-270(and)-265(a)-266(means)-265(of)-266(soothing)-266(the)-265(alarms)-266(of)-265(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(crowd.)]TJ 11.956 -18.025 Td [(But)-406(foreign)-406(and)-406(unregulated)-406(superstitions,)-445(from)-406(the)-406(second)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 36.47 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-368(were)-344(pouring)-344(in)-344(from)-344(the)-344(East)-344(to)-344(put)-344(a)-344(fresh)-345(load)]TJ -51.544 -13.55 Td [(on)-445(the)-445(human)-445(spirit)-445(or)-445(to)-445(replace)-445(the)-445(waning)-445(faith)-445(in)-444(Italian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(augury.)-480(In)-327(139)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 70.838 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.638 0 Td [(Cornelius)-327(Scipio)-326(Hispalus)-327(vainly)-327(strove)-326(by)]TJ -89.476 -13.549 Td [(an)-297(edict)-297(to)-297(stop)-297(the)-297(inroads)-297(of)-297(the)-297(star)-297(readers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.175 3.959 Td [(2298)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.703 -3.959 Td [(But)-297(treatises)]TJ -225.878 -13.549 Td [(on)-246(this)-245(pretended)-246(science)-246(were)-245(in)-246(vogue)-246(in)-246(Varro)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 213.507 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-246(time,)-246(and)-246(are)]TJ -217.14 -13.549 Td [(quoted)-336(by)-336(the)-336(great)-336(savant)-336(with)-336(approval.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 185.899 3.959 Td [(2299)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.979 -3.959 Td [(These)-336(impostors)]TJ -207.878 -13.549 Td [(were)-238(swarming)-237(in)-238(Rome)-237(at)-238(the)-237(time)-238(of)-237(Catiline)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.739 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-237(conspiracy,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.82 3.958 Td [(2300)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(inflating)-481(the)-481(hopes)-481(of)-481(the)-481(plotters.)-943(Suetonius)-481(has)-480(surpassed)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([447])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(himself)-351(in)-351(the)-351(collection,)-376(from)-351(many)-351(sources,)-376(of)-351(the)-351(signs)-351(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wonders)-450(which)-449(foreshadowed)-450(the)-449(great)-450(destiny,)-499(and)-450(also)-449(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death)-465(of)-465(Augustus.)-896(And)-465(it)-465(is)-465(noteworthy)-465(that,)-519(among)-465(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(predictions,)-358(are)-336(some)-337(founded)-336(on)-336(astrology.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 196.128 3.958 Td [(2301)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.992 -3.958 Td [(On)-336(the)-337(day)-336(of)]TJ -218.12 -13.55 Td [(the)-259(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.508 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-259(birth,)-262(P.)-259(Nigidius,)-261(a)-259(learned)-260(astrologer,)-261(found)-259(that)]TJ -56.14 -13.549 Td [(the)-316(position)-316(of)-316(the)-317(stars)-316(foretold)-316(a)-316(coming)-316(master)-316(of)-316(the)-316(world.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Augustus)-281(himself)-282(received)-281(a)-281(similar)-282(forecast)-281(from)-281(Theagenes,)-289(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(star-reader)-255(of)-256(Apollonia.)-265(He)-256(had)-255(his)-255(horoscope)-255(drawn)-256(out,)-256(and)-255(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(silver)-250(coin)-250(was)-250(struck)-250(with)-250(the)-250(stamp)-250(of)-250(Capricorn.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.549 Td [(2296)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Leg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.629 0 Td [(ii.)-250(9;)-250(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.571 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Fest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.842 0 Td [(p.)-250(233.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -151.674 -7.311 Td [(2297)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Fast.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iii.)-250(285;)-250(Lucr.)-250(i.)-250(131;)-250(Liv.)-250(i.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.56 -7.31 Td [(2298)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Val.)-250(Max.)-250(i.)-250(3,)-250(3;)-250(cf.)-250(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 91.896 0 Td [(De)-250(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.127 0 Td [(ii.)-250(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -136.718 -7.311 Td [(2299)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aul.)-250(Gell.)-250(iii.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2300)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(In)-250(Catil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.136 0 Td [(iii.)-250(4;)-250(cf.)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.565 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Cic.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.885 0 Td [(c.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -147.218 -7.311 Td [(2301)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(xciv.)-250(xcvii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2407 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2408 0 R /Resources 2406 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2386 0 R >> endobj 2409 0 obj << /D [2407 0 R /XYZ 263.687 269.813 null] >> endobj 2406 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2412 0 obj << /Length 6801 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(541)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(This)-471(fatalist)-471(superstition)-472(infected)-471(nearly)-471(all)-471(the)-471(successors)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-478(Augustus)-477(in)-478(the)-478(first)-477(and)-478(second)-478(centuries.)-933(Astrology)-477(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(essentially)-438(a)-439(fatalist)-438(creed,)-486(and)-438(the)-438(heir)-439(to)-438(the)-439(great)-438(prize)-438(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-338(principate,)-359(with)-338(the)-337(absolute)-338(control)-338(of)-337(the)-338(civilised)-337(world,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-265(generally)-264(designated)-265(by)-265(that)-264(blind)-265(impersonal)-265(power)-264(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decrees)-409(might)-409(be)-409(read)-409(in)-409(the)-409(positions)-409(of)-409(the)-409(eternal)-409(spheres,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-415(by)-414(signs)-415(and)-414(omens)-415(upon)-414(earth.)-744(Suetonius,)-456(Tacitus,)-455(Dion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cassius,)-287(have)-279(chronicled,)-287(with)-279(apparent)-279(faith,)-287(the)-279(predictions)-279(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(future)-236(power)-235(which)-236(gathered)-235(round)-236(the)-236(popular)-235(candidate)-236(for)-235(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(succession,)-180(or)-162(the)-163(dark)-162(warnings)-163(of)-162(coming)-163(disaster)-162(which)-162(excited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-315(prince)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.027 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-315(fears)-315(and)-314(gave)-315(courage)-315(to)-315(enemies)-315(and)-314(rivals.)-445(It)-315(is)]TJ -47.66 -13.549 Td [(not)-246(hard)-246(to)-246(see)-246(why)-246(the)-246(emperors)-246(at)-246(once)-246(believed)-246(in)-246(these)-246(black)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arts)-314(and)-315(profoundly)-314(distrusted)-315(their)-314(professors.)-444(They)-314(wished)-314(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(keep)-194(a)-194(monopoly)-194(of)-194(that)-194(awful)-194(lore,)-205(lest)-194(it)-194(might)-194(excite)-193(dangerous)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(hopes)-237(in)-236(possible)-237(pretenders.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 125.606 3.959 Td [(2302)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.117 -3.959 Td [(To)-237(consult)-236(a)-237(Chaldaean)-237(seer)-236(on)]TJ -144.723 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(fate)-335(of)-336(the)-335(prince,)-356(or)-335(to)-335(possess)-336(his)-335(horoscope,)-356(was)-335(always)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suspicious,)-351(and)-331(might)-331(often)-331(be)-331(fatal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.501 3.959 Td [(2303)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.814 -3.959 Td [(The)-331(astonishing)-331(thing)]TJ -184.315 -13.549 Td [(is,)-327(that)-311(men)-312(had)-311(such)-312(implicit)-311(faith)-312(in)-311(the)-312(skill)-311(of)-312(these)-311(Eastern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impostors,)-303(along)-292(with)-293(such)-292(distrust)-292(of)-293(their)-292(honesty.)-377(They)-292(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(banished)-401(again)-401(and)-401(again)-400(in)-401(the)-401(first)-401(century,)-439(but)-400(persecution)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-251(increased)-251(their)-251(power,)-251(and)-251(they)-251(always)-251(returned)-251(to)-251(exercise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greater)-291(influence)-291(than)-291(ever.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.686 3.959 Td [(2304)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.506 -3.959 Td [(Never)-291(was)-291(there)-291(a)-291(clearer)-291(proof)]TJ -141.192 -13.549 Td [(of)-423(the)-423(impotence)-423(of)-424(government)-423(in)-423(the)-423(face)-423(of)-423(a)-423(deep-seated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popular)-250(belief.)]TJ 11.956 -13.55 Td [(Tiberius,)-281(who)-275(had)-275(probably)-275(no)-275(real)-275(religious)-275(faith,)-281(was,)-281(from)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([448])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(his)-488(youth,)-547(the)-487(slave)-488(of)-487(astrology.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.719 3.959 Td [(2305)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.94 -3.959 Td [(An)-488(adept)-487(had,)-547(at)-488(his)]TJ -182.659 -13.549 Td [(birth,)-437(predicted)-399(his)-400(lofty)-399(destiny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 149.347 3.959 Td [(2306)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.056 -3.959 Td [(He)-399(had)-400(in)-399(his)-400(train)-399(one)]TJ -173.403 -13.549 Td [(Thrasyllus,)-383(a)-357(noted)-356(professor)-357(of)-356(the)-357(science,)-383(who)-356(had)-357(often)-356(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.431 Td [(2302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-834(D.)-444(Cass.)-834(lxvi.)-833(9,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 92.85 0 Td [(\304\277\315\302)-444(\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.116 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\304\301\277\273\314\263\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 47.005 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272)-444(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.414 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.642 0 Td [(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(\316\274\267\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.54 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\276\316\301\271\303\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -250.906 -10.959 Td [(\050)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(\237)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.38 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\265\303\300\261\303\271\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.651 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.658 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.228 0 Td [(\272\261\257\304\277\271)-250(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.831 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\271)-250(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.485 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\257\303\304\277\271\302)-250(\307\301\316\274\265\275\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.253 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -192.172 -7.311 Td [(2303)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.632 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.317 0 Td [(x.)-719(interemit)-407(Met.)-719(Pompeianum)-406(quod)-407(habere)-406(imperatoriam)]TJ -59.904 -10.958 Td [(genesin)-250(vulgo)-250(ferebatur.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2304)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xii.)-250(52;)-250(ii.)-250(32,)-250(75;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(xlix.)-250(43;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 149.209 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(xiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -224.669 -7.394 Td [(2305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.445 0 Td [(lxix.,)-250(circa)-250(deos)-250(negligentior)-250(quippe)-250(addictus)-250(mathematicae,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.565 -7.311 Td [(2306)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(Yet)-250(cf.)-250(his)-250(love)-250(of)-250(mythical)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 116.303 0 Td [(nugae)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(lxx.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2411 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2412 0 R /Resources 2410 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2414 0 R >> endobj 2413 0 obj << /D [2411 0 R /XYZ 306.194 192.994 null] >> endobj 2410 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2417 0 obj << /Length 5833 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(542)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(read)-398(the)-398(stars)-398(in)-398(the)-399(face)-398(of)-398(death,)-435(and)-398(he)-398(was)-398(surrounded)-398(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-413(gloomy)-414(retirement)-413(at)-413(Capreae)-414(by)-413(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 181.836 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Chaldaean)-413(herd.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.669 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2307)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Claudius)-421(was)-420(pedantic)-421(and)-421(antiquarian)-420(in)-421(his)-421(religious)-420(tastes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and,)-260(while)-258(he)-257(tried)-258(to)-258(revive)-258(old)-257(Roman)-258(augury,)-260(he)-258(banished)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(astrologers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.597 3.959 Td [(2308)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.137 -3.959 Td [(A)-341(great)-340(noble)-341(who)-341(had)-341(the)-341(temerity)-340(to)-341(consult)]TJ -72.734 -13.549 Td [(them)-450(as)-450(to)-450(the)-451(time)-450(of)-450(the)-450(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.261 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-450(death)-450(shared)-450(the)-450(same)]TJ -168.894 -13.549 Td [(fate.)-817(Nero,)-487(who)-439(despised)-439(all)-439(regular)-439(religion,)-486(except)-439(that)-439(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-401(Syrian)-401(goddess,)-439(was)-401(the)-402(prey)-401(of)-401(superstitious)-401(terror.)-703(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Furies)-433(of)-432(the)-433(murdered)-433(Agrippina,)-478(as)-433(in)-433(Aeschylean)-432(tragedy,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(haunted)-330(him)-330(in)-330(dreams,)-349(and)-330(he)-330(used)-330(the)-330(aid)-330(of)-330(magic)-330(to)-329(evoke)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-371(propitiate)-371(the)-371(awful)-371(shade.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 139.496 3.959 Td [(2309)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.127 -3.959 Td [(When,)-401(towards)-371(the)-371(end)-371(of)]TJ -162.623 -13.549 Td [(his)-343(reign,)-365(his)-343(prospects)-342(grew)-343(more)-342(threatening,)-366(the)-342(appearance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-346(a)-345(comet)-346(drove)-345(him)-346(to)-345(consult)-346(Balbillus,)-369(his)-346(astrologer,)-369(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(advised)-353(that)-352(the)-353(portended)-352(danger)-353(should)-353(be)-352(diverted)-353(from)-352(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(emperor)-415(by)-415(the)-415(destruction)-415(of)-414(the)-415(great)-415(nobles.)-745(Some)-415(of)-414(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(craft)-395(had)-396(predicted)-395(that)-395(Nero)-396(should)-395(one)-395(day)-396(be)-395(deserted)-395(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(betrayed,)-281(while)-275(others)-275(consoled)-275(him)-275(with)-275(the)-275(promise)-275(of)-275(a)-275(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monarchy)-271(of)-271(the)-270(East)-271(with)-271(its)-271(seat)-271(at)-270(Jerusalem.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.361 3.959 Td [(2310)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.846 -3.959 Td [(The)-271(terrible)]TJ -229.207 -13.549 Td [(year)-359(which)-358(followed)-359(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.764 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-359(death)-358(was)-359(crowded)-359(with)-358(portents,)]TJ -121.397 -13.55 Td [(and)-344(all)-344(the)-344(rivals)-345(for)-344(the)-344(succession)-344(were)-344(equally)-344(slaves)-344(of)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adepts,)-427(who)-391(exploited)-391(their)-391(ambitions)-392(or)-391(their)-391(fears.)-674(The)-391(end)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-335(Galba)-336(was)-335(foreshadowed,)-357(from)-335(the)-336(opening)-335(of)-335(his)-336(reign,)-356(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ominous)-229(dreams)-229(and)-229(signs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.49 3.959 Td [(2311)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.089 -3.959 Td [(The)-229(hopes)-229(of)-229(Otho)-229(had)-229(long)-229(been)]TJ -136.579 -13.549 Td [(inflamed)-341(by)-342(the)-341(diviner)-341(Seleucus,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.327 3.959 Td [(2312)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.41 -3.959 Td [(and)-341(by)-341(Ptolemaeus,)-365(who)]TJ -170.737 -13.549 Td [(was)-414(his)-413(companion)-414(during)-413(his)-414(command)-413(in)-414(Spain.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 230.061 3.958 Td [(2313)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.518 -3.958 Td [(When)]TJ -254.579 -13.55 Td [(he)-345(had)-346(won)-345(the)-346(dangerous)-345(prize,)-370(Otho)-345(was)-346(tortured)-345(by)-345(nightly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(visions)-377(of)-378(the)-377(spirit)-378(of)-377(Galba,)-410(which)-377(he)-378(used)-377(every)-378(art)-377(to)-377(lay.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.44 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.628 Td [(2307)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(x.)-250(94.)-250(See)-250(the)-250(remarkable)-250(chapters)-250(in)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 169.572 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(vi.)-250(21-22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -203.195 -7.311 Td [(2308)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xii.)-250(52.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.546 -7.311 Td [(2309)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.282 0 Td [(Ner.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.219 0 Td [(lx.;)-465(xxxiv.,)-429(facto)-394(per)-393(magos)-393(sacro)-394(evocare)-393(manes)-394(et)-393(exorare)]TJ -55.457 -10.959 Td [(tentavit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2310)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xl.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2311)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Galb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(xviii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.536 -7.31 Td [(2312)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.053 -7.311 Td [(2313)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(i.)-250(22.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2416 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2417 0 R /Resources 2415 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2414 0 R >> endobj 2415 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2420 0 obj << /Length 6318 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(543)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Yet)-338(this)-338(same)-338(man)-338(set)-338(out)-338(for)-338(the)-338(conflict)-338(on)-338(the)-338(Po)-338(in)-337(defiant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disregard)-369(of)-370(omens)-369(warranted)-370(by)-369(the)-370(ancient)-369(religion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.402 3.959 Td [(2314)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.075 -3.959 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(end,)-422(which,)-422(by)-387(a)-388(certain)-387(calm)-388(nobility,)-422(seemed)-387(to)-388(redeem)-387(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([449])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(life,)-261(was)-258(portended)-258(by)-259(a)-258(sign)-258(which)-259(Tacitus)-258(records)-259(as)-258(a)-258(fact.)-275(At)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-375(very)-376(hour)-375(when)-375(Otho)-375(was)-376(falling)-375(on)-375(his)-375(dagger,)-407(a)-375(bird)-375(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strange)-346(form)-345(settled)-346(in)-346(a)-345(much)-346(frequented)-346(grove,)-369(and)-346(sat)-345(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(undisturbed)-367(by)-367(the)-367(passers-by,)-397(or)-367(by)-367(the)-367(flocks)-367(of)-367(other)-367(fowls)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(around.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.022 3.959 Td [(2315)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.972 -3.959 Td [(The)-197(horoscope)-196(of)-197(Otho)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 99.142 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-197(rival)-196(Vitellius)-197(had)-197(been)-196(cast)]TJ -154.768 -13.549 Td [(by)-285(the)-286(astrologers,)-294(and)-285(their)-285(reading)-285(of)-286(his)-285(fate)-285(gave)-285(his)-285(parents)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(acute)-401(anxiety.)-703(He)-401(used)-401(to)-401(follow)-401(the)-401(monitions)-401(of)-401(a)-400(German)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sorceress.)-391(Yet,)-309(like)-297(so)-297(many)-297(of)-297(his)-297(class)-297(in)-297(that)-297(age,)-308(he)-297(had)-297(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scant)-267(respect)-267(for)-267(accredited)-267(beliefs.)-301(It)-267(was)-267(noted)-267(with)-267(alarm)-266(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-179(entered)-179(on)-179(his)-179(pontificate)-179(on)-179(the)-179(black)-179(day)-178(of)-179(the)-179(Allia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.759 3.959 Td [(2316)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.908 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(astrologers)-261(he)-261(probably)-261(found)-261(more)-261(dangerous)-261(than)-261(helpful,)-263(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(he)-252(ordered)-252(them)-252(to)-252(be)-252(expelled)-251(from)-252(Italy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.345 3.959 Td [(2317)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.228 -3.959 Td [(But)-252(it)-252(is)-252(a)-252(curious)]TJ -203.573 -13.549 Td [(sign)-259(of)-258(their)-259(conscious)-259(power)-259(and)-258(their)-259(audacity,)-261(that)-259(a)-258(mocking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(counter)-309(edict)-309(to)-309(that)-309(of)-309(Vitellius)-309(was)-309(immediately)-309(published)-309(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknown)-329(hands,)-348(ordaining)-329(the)-329(death)-328(of)-329(the)-329(persecutor)-329(within)-328(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(certain)-250(day.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.891 3.959 Td [(2318)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -38.935 -18.289 Td [(The)-170(emperors)-171(of)-170(the)-171(Flavian)-170(dynasty,)-186(although)-171(their)-170(power)-170(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(stable)-251(and)-250(the)-250(world)-251(was)-250(settling)-251(down,)-251(were)-250(not)-250(less)-251(devoted)-250(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Eastern)-319(superstitions)-318(than)-319(any)-319(of)-319(their)-318(predecessors.)-456(Vespasian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indeed)-410(once)-411(more)-410(exiled)-411(the)-410(astrologers,)-451(but)-410(he)-411(still)-410(kept)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(best)-395(of)-395(them)-396(in)-395(his)-395(train.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 113.978 3.959 Td [(2319)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.918 -3.959 Td [(He)-395(had)-395(consulted)-396(the)-395(oracle)-395(on)]TJ -137.896 -13.549 Td [(Mount)-287(Carmel,)-295(and)-287(obeyed)-287(the)-286(vision)-287(vouchsafed)-286(in)-287(the)-286(temple)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-183(Serapis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.927 3.959 Td [(2320)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.922 -3.959 Td [(His)-183(son)-183(Titus,)-196(who)-183(may)-183(have)-183(had)-183(romantic)-183(dreams)]TJ -64.849 -13.549 Td [(of)-314(an)-314(Eastern)-314(monarchy,)-330(consulted)-314(foreign)-314(oracles,)-330(worshipped)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.711 Td [(2314)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(vii.)-250(viii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.053 -7.394 Td [(2315)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(ii.)-250(50.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(2316)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(iii.)-250(xi.)-250(xiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.033 -7.31 Td [(2317)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(ii.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(2318)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-372(Cass.)-617(lxv.)-618(1,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 66.339 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\304\271\300\261\301\256\263\263\265\271\273\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.782 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\261\273\273\261\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.859 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.228 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272)-372(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.232 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.885 0 Td [(\262\257\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.451 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.401 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-372(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.852 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.971 -10.959 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274\255\301\261\302)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.654 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -44.182 -7.31 Td [(2319)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(lxvi.)-250(9,)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2320)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(78.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2419 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2420 0 R /Resources 2418 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2414 0 R >> endobj 2421 0 obj << /D [2419 0 R /XYZ 187.4 491.077 null] >> endobj 2418 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2424 0 obj << /Length 6594 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(544)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-215(Egyptian)-216(temples,)-222(and)-215(was)-215(a)-216(firm)-215(believer)-215(in)-216(the)-215(science)-215(of)-215(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stars.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 22.724 3.959 Td [(2321)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.816 -3.959 Td [(Domitian)-270(was)-270(perhaps)-270(the)-269(most)-270(superstitious)-270(of)-270(all)-270(his)]TJ -42.54 -13.549 Td [(race.)-245(The)-236(rebuilder)-236(of)-236(Roman)-236(temples)-236(and)-236(the)-236(restorer)-236(of)-236(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(orthodoxy)-370(had)-370(also)-370(a)-370(firm)-371(faith)-370(in)-370(planetary)-370(lore.)-610(He)-370(lived)-370(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(perpetual)-251(fear)-251(of)-251(his)-250(sudden)-251(end,)-251(the)-251(precise)-251(hour)-251(and)-251(manner)-250(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-203(the)-203(Chaldaeans)-203(had)-204(foretold)-203(in)-203(his)-203(early)-203(youth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 228.908 3.959 Td [(2322)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.995 -3.959 Td [(Among)]TJ -247.903 -13.549 Td [(the)-488(many)-489(reasons)-488(for)-489(his)-488(savage)-488(proscription)-489(of)-488(the)-488(leading)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nobles,)-238(one)-235(of)-235(the)-235(most)-235(deadly)-235(was)-235(the)-235(possession)-235(of)-235(an)-235(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(horoscope.)-288(On)-263(his)-262(side)-263(too,)-266(the)-262(haunted)-263(tyrant)-263(diligently)-262(studied)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-176(birth-hour)-177(of)-176(suspected)-176(or)-177(possible)-176(pretenders)-176(to)-177(the)-176(throne.)-225(In)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([450])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-223(last)-223(months)-222(of)-223(his)-223(reign)-223(his)-223(terror)-222(became)-223(more)-223(and)-223(more)-222(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-287(intense;)-305(never)-287(in)-286(the)-287(same)-287(space)-287(of)-286(time)-287(had)-287(the)-286(lightning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-214(so)-214(busy.)-239(The)-214(Capitol,)-221(the)-214(temple)-214(of)-215(the)-214(Flavians,)-221(the)-214(palace,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-402(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.201 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-402(own)-403(sleeping)-402(chamber,)-441(were)-402(all)-403(struck)-402(from)]TJ -69.834 -13.55 Td [(heaven.)-542(In)-348(a)-347(dream,)-372(the)-347(haunted)-348(emperor)-347(beheld)-348(Minerva,)-371(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(goddess)-335(whom)-336(he)-335(specially)-336(adored,)-356(quitting)-336(her)-335(chapel,)-357(with)-335(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(warning)-319(that)-318(she)-319(could)-319(no)-319(longer)-318(save)-319(him)-319(from)-319(his)-318(doom.)-456(On)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-246(day)-245(before)-246(his)-245(death,)-246(the)-246(emperor)-246(predicted)-245(that,)-246(on)-246(the)-245(next,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-224(moon)-223(would)-223(appear)-224(blood)-223(red)-224(in)-223(the)-224(sign)-223(of)-224(Aquarius.)-241(On)-223(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(last)-359(morning,)-386(a)-359(seer,)-386(who)-359(had)-359(been)-359(summoned)-359(from)-358(Germany)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-262(interpret)-262(the)-261(menacing)-262(omens)-262(and)-261(who)-262(had)-262(foretold)-262(a)-261(coming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(change,)-250(was)-250(condemned)-250(to)-250(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.629 3.959 Td [(2323)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -134.673 -22.105 Td [(Hadrian,)-702(that)-612(lover)-612(of)-612(the)-612(exotic)-612(and)-612(the)-612(curious,)-702(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(particularly)-326(fascinated)-327(by)-326(the)-327(East.)-479(He)-326(had)-327(probably)-326(no)-326(settled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faith)-403(of)-402(any)-403(kind,)-441(but)-402(he)-403(dabbled)-403(in)-402(astrology,)-441(as)-403(he)-402(dabbled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-361(all)-361(other)-361(arts.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.111 3.958 Td [(2324)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.8 -3.958 Td [(It)-361(was)-361(a)-361(study)-361(which)-361(had)-361(been)-361(cultivated)]TJ -94.911 -13.55 Td [(in)-328(his)-328(family.)-483(His)-328(great-uncle,)-348(Aelius)-327(Hadrianus,)-348(was)-328(an)-327(adept)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-532(the)-532(science)-533(of)-532(the)-532(stars,)-603(and)-532(had)-532(read)-532(the)-532(prediction)-532(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.268 Td [(2321)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Titus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.942 0 Td [(,)-250(v.)-250(viii.)-250(ix.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.062 -7.31 Td [(2322)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(xv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.561 -7.311 Td [(2323)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.266 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.437 0 Td [(x.)-232(xiv.)-233(xv.)-232(xvi.;)-214(D.)-197(Cass.)-233(lxvii.)-232(15,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 121.578 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\311\302)-197(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.784 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)-197(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.331 0 Td [(v)-197(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.631 0 Td [(\224\277\274\271\304\271\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.817 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-400(\300\301\316\304\311\275)-400(\304\254\302)-400(\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 68.693 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274\255\301\261\302)-400(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.116 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.223 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.244 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\301\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.237 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-400(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.84 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.244 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\265\263\255\275\267\304\277)-400(\264\271\261\303\272\277\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 66.97 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.133 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -273.905 -10.959 Td [(\300\301\277\261\275\256\273\271\303\272\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.504 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -50.243 -7.351 Td [(2324)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(16;)-250(cf.)-250(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.007 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.986 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(\311gl.)-250(Chr\351t.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.846 0 Td [(c.)-250(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2423 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2424 0 R /Resources 2422 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2414 0 R >> endobj 2425 0 obj << /D [2423 0 R /XYZ 259.001 396.232 null] >> endobj 2422 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2428 0 obj << /Length 5832 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(545)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(his)-448(nephew)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.543 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-448(future)-447(greatness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.383 3.959 Td [(2325)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.637 -3.959 Td [(When)-448(the)-447(future)-448(emperor)]TJ -164.196 -13.549 Td [(was)-443(a)-443(young)-443(military)-443(tribune)-443(in)-443(lower)-442(Moesia,)-492(he)-443(found)-442(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forecast)-244(confirmed)-245(by)-244(a)-244(local)-244(astrologer.)-249(He)-244(consulted)-244(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 254.568 0 Td [(sortes)]TJ -254.568 -13.549 Td [(Virgilianae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 52.248 0 Td [(about)-233(his)-234(prospects,)-236(with)-234(not)-233(less)-233(hopeful)-234(results.)-244(He)]TJ -52.248 -13.55 Td [(practised)-293(with)-293(intense)-292(curiosity)-293(other)-293(dark)-293(magical)-292(arts,)-304(and)-292(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysterious)-256(death)-256(of)-256(Antinous)-256(on)-256(the)-256(Nile)-256(was)-256(by)-256(many)-256(believed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-177(have)-177(been)-176(an)-177(immolation)-177(for)-177(the)-176(Emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 188.01 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-177(safety.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.95 3.959 Td [(2326)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.899 -3.959 Td [(Hadrian)]TJ -245.492 -13.549 Td [(was)-299(glad)-300(to)-299(think)-299(that)-300(the)-299(spirit)-299(of)-300(his)-299(minion)-299(had)-300(passed)-299(into)-299(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-229(star)-228(which)-229(had)-229(then)-228(for)-229(the)-229(first)-229(time)-228(appeared.)-243(On)-229(every)-228(1st)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-233(January,)-236(Hadrian)-232(predicted,)-236(with)-233(perfect)-233(assurance,)-236(the)-232(events)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-332(the)-332(year,)-352(down)-332(to)-331(his)-332(own)-332(last)-332(hour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.22 3.959 Td [(2327)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.842 -3.959 Td [(Even)-332(the)-332(last)-331(great)]TJ -197.062 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-369(figure)-369(in)-370(our)-369(period)-369(is)-369(not)-370(free)-369(from)-369(the)-369(suspicion)-369(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(having)-359(tampered)-359(with)-358(the)-359(dark)-359(arts.)-576(Julius)-359(Capitolinus)-358(reports)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-349(rumour)-350(that)-349(M.)-350(Aurelius)-349(consulted)-349(the)-350(Chaldaeans)-349(about)-349(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(infatuated)-270(passion)-270(of)-270(Faustina)-271(for)-270(a)-270(gladiator.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.166 3.959 Td [(2328)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.825 -3.959 Td [(In)-270(his)-270(account)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.033 0 Td [([451])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-411(the)-410(famous)-411(rainfall)-410(that)-411(miraculously)-410(refreshed)-411(the)-410(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(troops)-272(in)-272(the)-271(Marcomannic)-272(war,)-277(D.)-272(Cassius)-272(ascribes)-272(the)-271(miracle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-220(the)-221(magic)-220(arts)-220(of)-221(an)-220(Egyptian)-220(sorcerer)-221(whom)-220(M.)-220(Aurelius)-220(kept)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-305(his)-306(train.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.603 3.958 Td [(2329)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.975 -3.958 Td [(Xiphilinus,)-319(however,)-319(who)-306(attributes)-305(the)-305(marvel)]TJ -71.578 -13.55 Td [(to)-347(the)-347(prayers)-346(of)-347(the)-347(Thundering)-347(Legion,)-371(expressly)-347(denies)-346(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(emperor)-332(gave)-331(his)-331(countenance)-331(to)-331(these)-332(impostors.)-493(Another)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suspicious)-200(incident)-200(comes)-200(to)-200(us)-200(on)-199(the)-200(authority)-200(of)-200(Lucian.)-233(When)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-457(war)-457(on)-457(the)-457(Danube)-457(was)-457(at)-457(its)-457(height,)-509(the)-457(new)-456(oracle)-457(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Alexander)-298(of)-298(Abonoteichos)-297(had,)-310(by)-298(mingled)-298(audacity)-298(and)-297(skill,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rapidly)-154(gained)-154(an)-154(extraordinary)-154(influence)-154(even)-154(among)-154(the)-153(greatest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nobles)-229(in)-228(Italy.)-243(Rutilianus,)-233(one)-229(of)-229(the)-228(foremost)-229(among)-229(them,)-232(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-245(special)-244(patron)-245(and)-244(devotee,)-246(and)-245(actually)-244(married)-245(the)-244(daughter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-369(Alexander)-369(by)-370(an)-369(amour)-369(with)-369(Selene!)-608(Probably)-369(through)-369(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence,)-442(an)-403(oracle,)-441(in)-404(verse)-403(of)-403(the)-403(old)-404(Delphic)-403(pattern,)-441(was)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.43 Td [(2325)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(2,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.517 -7.311 Td [(2326)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxix.)-250(11,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 64.262 0 Td [(\274\261\275\304\265\257\261\271\302)-250(\274\261\263\263\261\275\265\257\261\271\302)-250(\304\265)-250(\300\261\275\304\277\264\261\300\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 135.123 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.643 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\304\277)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.725 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -263.538 -7.311 Td [(2327)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(16,)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.517 -7.31 Td [(2328)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(M.)-250(Anton.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(c.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -64.503 -7.311 Td [(2329)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxxi.)-250(8.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2427 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2428 0 R /Resources 2426 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2414 0 R >> endobj 2429 0 obj << /D [2427 0 R /XYZ 293.474 328.486 null] >> endobj 2426 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2432 0 obj << /Length 5748 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(546)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(despatched)-450(to)-449(the)-450(headquarters)-450(of)-449(the)-450(emperor,)-500(ordering)-449(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-443(pair)-443(of)-443(lions)-443(should)-443(be)-443(flung)-443(into)-442(the)-443(Danube,)-492(with)-442(costly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sacrifices)-280(and)-281(all)-280(the)-280(fragrant)-281(odours)-280(of)-280(the)-280(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.801 3.959 Td [(2330)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.157 -3.959 Td [(The)-280(oracle)]TJ -233.958 -13.549 Td [(was)-335(obeyed,)-355(but)-335(the)-335(rite)-334(was)-335(followed)-335(by)-334(an)-335(appalling)-334(disaster)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-380(the)-380(Roman)-380(arms.)-640(The)-380(impostor)-380(was)-380(equal)-380(to)-380(the)-380(occasion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-384(defended)-384(himself)-384(by)-384(the)-384(example)-384(of)-384(the)-384(ambiguity)-384(of)-383(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Delphic)-202(oracle)-202(to)-203(Croesus,)-211(before)-203(the)-202(victory)-202(of)-202(Cyrus.)-234(What)-202(part)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(M.)-300(Aurelius)-301(had)-300(in)-300(this)-301(scene)-300(we)-300(cannot)-301(pretend)-300(to)-300(tell,)-313(but)-300(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ceremony)-365(could)-366(hardly)-365(have)-366(been)-365(performed)-366(without,)-394(at)-365(least,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-370(connivance.)-610(Nor)-370(does)-370(his)-370(philosophic)-370(attitude)-370(exclude)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possibility)-263(of)-263(a)-263(certain)-263(faith)-263(in)-263(oracular)-263(foresight)-263(and)-262(divination.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-245(believed)-245(that)-245(everything)-246(in)-245(our)-245(earthly)-245(lot)-245(was)-245(ordained)-245(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eternity,)-506(and,)-506(with)-454(the)-455(Stoic)-454(fatalism,)-506(he)-455(may)-454(have)-455(held)-454(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(almost)-262(universal)-262(Stoic)-261(faith)-262(in)-262(the)-261(power)-262(to)-262(discover)-262(the)-261(decrees)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(fate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30.895 3.959 Td [(2331)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -18.939 -22.048 Td [(Nearly)-186(all)-185(the)-186(writers)-185(from)-186(whom)-185(we)-186(derive)-185(our)-186(impressions)-185(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(that)-245(age)-245(were)-245(more)-245(or)-246(less)-245(tinged)-245(with)-245(its)-245(superstitions.)-248(Even)-245(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elder)-247(Pliny,)-248(who)-248(rejected)-247(almost)-248(with)-247(scorn)-248(the)-247(popular)-247(religion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-468(led)-468(by)-468(a)-469(dream)-468(to)-468(undertake)-468(his)-468(history)-468(of)-468(the)-468(wars)-468(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Germany.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.32 3.959 Td [(2332)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.764 -3.959 Td [(His)-299(nephew,)-311(although)-299(he)-299(rejoiced)-298(at)-299(being)-299(raised)]TJ -64.084 -13.549 Td [(to)-411(the)-411(augurate,)-452(and)-411(restored)-411(a)-411(temple)-411(of)-411(Ceres)-411(on)-411(his)-411(lands,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-417(to)-417(have)-418(clung)-417(to)-417(the)-417(old)-417(religion)-418(rather)-417(as)-417(a)-417(matter)-417(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([452])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(sentiment)-219(than)-218(from)-219(any)-219(real)-219(faith.)-239(But)-219(he)-219(had)-218(a)-219(genuine)-219(belief)-218(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dreams)-208(and)-209(apparitions,)-216(and)-209(he)-208(sends)-208(his)-209(friend)-208(Sura)-208(an)-208(elaborate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(account)-345(of)-345(the)-345(romance)-345(of)-345(a)-345(haunted)-345(house)-345(at)-345(Athens.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.204 3.959 Td [(2333)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.273 -3.959 Td [(His)]TJ -265.477 -13.549 Td [(friend)-233(Suetonius)-233(had)-233(been)-233(disturbed)-233(by)-233(a)-233(dream)-233(as)-233(to)-233(the)-232(success)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-308(a)-308(cause)-308(in)-308(which)-308(he)-308(was)-308(to)-308(appear.)-424(Pliny)-308(consoled)-308(him)-307(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-374(hackneyed)-373(interpretation)-374(of)-374(dreams)-373(by)-374(contraries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.455 3.959 Td [(2334)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.211 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.388 Td [(2330)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.417 0 Td [(c.)-250(35,)-250(47.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.537 -7.31 Td [(2331)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-238(Aurel.)-247(x.)-246(5;)-242(ix.)-246(27:)-245(on)-238(the)-239(Stoic)-238(belief)-239(in)-238(divination,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 197.581 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.361 0 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.904 0 Td [(De)-238(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.92 0 Td [(i.)-246(38)]TJ -264.722 -10.959 Td [(\05082\051;)-250(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.568 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griechen)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.987 0 Td [(,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(313)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -115.294 -7.311 Td [(2332)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(iii.)-250(5,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.31 Td [(2333)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vii.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.311 Td [(2334)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.536 0 Td [(i.)-234(18,)-213(v.)-235(5,)-213(5;)-219(cf.)-234(Mayor)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 81.57 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-204(learned)-203(note)-204(on)-203(iii.)-235(5,)-213(4;)-219(Gregorovius,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 139.954 0 Td [(Hadrian)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.387 0 Td [(,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2431 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2432 0 R /Resources 2430 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2414 0 R >> endobj 2433 0 obj << /D [2431 0 R /XYZ 309.628 229.101 null] >> endobj 2430 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2436 0 obj << /Length 6173 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(547)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(biographer)-371(of)-371(the)-371(Caesars)-371(may)-371(contend)-371(with)-371(Dion)-371(Cassius)-371(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-348(honour)-348(of)-347(being)-348(probably)-348(the)-348(most)-348(superstitious)-347(chronicler)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-488(ever)-488(dealt)-488(with)-487(great)-488(events.)-964(Suetonius)-488(is)-488(shocked)-487(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-464(arrogance)-464(of)-464(Julius)-463(Caesar)-464(when)-464(he)-464(treated)-464(with)-463(disdain)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-528(warning)-529(of)-528(a)-528(diviner)-529(from)-528(the)-528(inspection)-529(of)-528(a)-528(victim)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(entrails.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.844 3.959 Td [(2335)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.325 -3.959 Td [(He)-255(glorifies)-255(the)-255(pious)-254(Augustus)-255(by)-255(a)-255(long)-255(catalogue)]TJ -54.169 -13.549 Td [(of)-412(signs)-411(and)-412(celestial)-412(omens)-411(which)-412(foretold)-412(the)-411(events)-412(of)-411(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(career.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.368 3.959 Td [(2336)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.497 -3.959 Td [(Suetonius)-260(must)-260(have)-260(been)-261(as)-260(keen)-260(in)-260(collecting)-260(these)]TJ -48.865 -13.549 Td [(old)-245(wives)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.068 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.308 0 Td [(tales)-245(as)-245(the)-246(more)-245(sober)-245(facts)-245(of)-246(history,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.904 3.958 Td [(2337)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.124 -3.958 Td [(and,)-246(if)-245(we)]TJ -237.404 -13.55 Td [(may)-305(believe)-305(him,)-319(the)-305(palace)-306(of)-305(the)-305(Caesars)-305(for)-305(a)-305(hundred)-305(years)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-253(as)-254(full)-253(of)-253(supernatural)-254(wonders)-253(and)-253(the)-254(terrors)-253(of)-253(magic)-253(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dark)-353(prophecy)-353(as)-352(the)-353(Thessalian)-353(villages)-353(of)-352(Apuleius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.138 3.959 Td [(2338)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.529 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(superstitions)-223(of)-223(the)-223(Claudian)-223(and)-223(Flavian)-223(Caesars)-223(could)-222(nowhere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-250(found)-250(a)-250(more)-250(sympathetic)-250(chronicler.)]TJ 11.956 -16.21 Td [(Immensely)-513(superior)-512(in)-513(genius)-513(as)-512(Tacitus)-513(is)-513(to)-512(Suetonius,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(even)-437(he)-437(is)-436(not)-437(emancipated)-437(from)-436(the)-437(superstition)-437(of)-437(the)-436(age.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-507(he)-507(wavers)-507(in)-507(his)-508(superstition,)-571(just)-507(as)-507(he)-507(wavers)-507(in)-507(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-231(of)-231(the)-231(Divine)-230(government)-231(of)-231(the)-231(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.32 3.959 Td [(2339)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.096 -3.959 Td [(Although)]TJ -239.416 -13.549 Td [(he)-241(occasionally)-241(mentions,)-243(and)-241(briefly)-241(discusses,)-243(the)-241(t)1(enets)-241(of)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Epicurean)-297(and)-296(the)-297(Stoic)-296(schools,)-309(it)-296(does)-297(not)-296(seem)-297(probable)-296(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Tacitus)-257(had)-258(much)-257(taste)-257(for)-257(philosophy.)-272(Full)-258(of)-257(the)-257(old)-257(senatorial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideals,)-410(he)-379(considered)-378(such)-378(a)-379(study,)-410(if)-378(carried)-379(to)-378(any)-378(depth,)-410(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pursued)-162(with)-161(absorbing)-162(earnestness,)-180(to)-161(be)-162(unbecoming)-162(the)-161(gravity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-214(dignity)-215(of)-214(a)-215(man)-214(of)-215(rank)-214(and)-214(affairs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.914 3.959 Td [(2340)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.036 -3.959 Td [(Moreover,)-222(his)-214(views)]TJ -191.95 -13.549 Td [(of)-459(human)-459(destiny)-460(and)-459(the)-459(Divine)-459(government)-459(were)-459(coloured)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-342(saddened)-341(by)-342(the)-341(Terror.)-524(Having)-342(lived)-341(himself)-342(through)-341(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 163.685 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 154.861 Td [(p.)-250(229)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(2335)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Jul.)-250(Caes.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.856 0 Td [(lxxvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -72.976 -7.311 Td [(2336)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(xciii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.542 -7.31 Td [(2337)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.847 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(59)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -80.929 -7.311 Td [(2338)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(iv.)-250(27;)-250(i.)-250(8;)-250(cf.)-250(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 80.697 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(62,)-250(63.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -152.176 -7.311 Td [(2339)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.143 0 Td [(Fabian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.739 0 Td [(Quid)-326(Tac.)-477(de)-326(num.)-477(div.)-478(judicaverit)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 130.502 0 Td [(,)-345(pp.)-477(7,)-345(13,)-344(16,)-345(21,)-345(24,)-345(29;)]TJ -181.339 -10.958 Td [(Nipperdey,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.829 0 Td [(Einleitung)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(,)-306(xiv.)-383(xxvi.;)-317(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.76 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.83 0 Td [(v.)-384(5;)-316(ii.)-384(38;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.946 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.327 0 Td [(iii.)-384(18;)-316(vi.)-384(22;)]TJ -229.055 -10.959 Td [(xiv.)-250(12;)-250(cf.)-250(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 64.002 0 Td [(Die)-250(Gesch.)-250(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.025 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(221.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -125.767 -7.311 Td [(2340)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Agric.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(c.)-250(2,)-250(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.648 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iv.)-250(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.677 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(12.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2435 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2436 0 R /Resources 2434 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2437 0 R >> endobj 2434 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2440 0 obj << /Length 6361 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(548)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(reign)-330(of)-330(Domitian,)-351(and)-330(seen)-330(all)-330(the)-331(horrors)-330(of)-330(its)-330(close,)-350(having)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([453])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(witnessed,)-233(in)-229(humiliating)-229(silence,)-233(the)-229(excesses)-229(of)-229(frenzied)-229(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-299(the)-298(servility)-299(of)-298(cringing)-299(compliance,)-311(Tacitus)-298(had)-299(little)-298(faith)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(either)-413(in)-413(Divine)-413(benevolence)-413(or)-413(in)-413(tempted)-414(human)-413(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2341)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Even)-428(the)-429(quiet)-428(and)-429(security)-428(of)-429(Trajan)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 173.462 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-428(reign)-429(seemed)-428(to)-429(him)]TJ -177.095 -13.549 Td [(but)-389(a)-389(precarious)-389(interval,)-423(not)-389(to)-389(be)-389(too)-389(eagerly)-389(or)-388(confidently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enjoyed,)-261(between)-259(the)-259(terror)-259(of)-259(the)-259(past)-259(and)-259(the)-259(probable)-259(dangers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-289(a)-289(coming)-290(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.993 3.959 Td [(2342)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.449 -3.959 Td [(The)-289(corruption)-289(of)-290(Roman)-289(virtue)-289(has)-289(justly)]TJ -94.442 -13.549 Td [(earned)-231(the)-232(anger)-231(of)-231(gods,)-235(who)-232(no)-231(longer)-231(visit)-232(to)-231(protect,)-235(but)-231(only)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-354(avenge.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.976 3.959 Td [(2343)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.584 -3.959 Td [(And,)-381(in)-354(the)-354(chaos)-355(of)-354(human)-355(affairs,)-380(the)-355(Divine)]TJ -68.56 -13.549 Td [(justice)-326(is)-326(confused;)-363(the)-326(good)-326(suffer)-325(equally)-326(with)-326(the)-326(guilty.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2344)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Amid)-412(obscure)-411(and)-412(guarded)-412(utterances,)-452(we)-411(can)-412(divine)-411(that,)-452(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus,)-275(the)-271(ruling)-270(force)-270(in)-270(human)-270(fortunes)-271(is)-270(a)-270(destiny)-270(which)-270(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blind)-314(to)-314(the)-314(deserts)-314(of)-314(those)-314(who)-314(are)-314(its)-314(sport.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 204.444 3.958 Td [(2345)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.259 -3.958 Td [(He)-314(probably)]TJ -225.703 -13.55 Td [(held)-339(the)-339(widespread)-340(belief)-339(that)-339(the)-339(fate)-340(of)-339(each)-339(man)-339(was)-339(fixed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-217(him)-218(at)-217(his)-218(birth,)-224(and,)-224(although)-217(he)-217(has)-218(a)-217(profound)-218(scorn)-217(for)-217(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(venality)-242(and)-243(falsehood)-242(of)-242(the)-242(Chaldaean)-243(tribe,)-244(he)-242(probably)-242(had)-242(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wavering)-267(faith)-268(in)-267(the)-267(efficacy)-267(of)-268(their)-267(lore.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 186.719 3.959 Td [(2346)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.731 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-267(did)-268(he)-267(reject)]TJ -206.45 -13.549 Td [(miracle)-365(and)-365(supernatural)-365(portent)-365(on)-365(any)-365(ground)-365(of)-365(a)-365(scientific)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conception)-265(of)-265(the)-265(universe.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 118.649 3.959 Td [(2347)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.658 -3.959 Td [(His)-265(language)-265(on)-265(such)-265(subjects)-265(is)]TJ -138.307 -13.549 Td [(often)-343(perhaps)-343(studiously)-343(ambiguous.)-529(Sometimes)-343(he)-343(appears)-343(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(report)-218(the)-218(tale)-217(of)-218(a)-218(portent,)-224(as)-218(a)-217(mere)-218(piece)-218(of)-218(vulgar)-217(superstition.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-410(at)-411(other)-410(times,)-451(he)-410(records)-411(the)-410(marvel)-411(with)-410(no)-410(expression)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-317(scepticism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.332 3.959 Td [(2348)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.36 -3.959 Td [(And)-317(in)-317(his)-317(narrative)-317(of)-317(Otho)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.973 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-317(death)-317(and)-317(the)]TJ -213.298 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-359(of)-359(Vespasian,)-386(the)-359(threats)-359(of)-359(heaven)-359(which)-359(ushered)-359(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.602 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 169.79 Td [(2341)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Agric.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.406 0 Td [(c.)-250(45;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.165 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(2;)-250(iii.)-250(37;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 41.855 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(i.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -141.479 -7.311 Td [(2342)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(i.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -33.623 -7.31 Td [(2343)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(3)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.7 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.825 -7.311 Td [(2344)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xvi.)-250(33,)-250(aequitate)-250(deum)-250(erga)-250(bona)-250(malaque)-250(documenta.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -33.623 -7.394 Td [(2345)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vi.)-250(22;)-250(cf.)-250(Mackail,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.476 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.372 0 Td [(p.)-250(210.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -132.495 -7.311 Td [(2346)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.723 0 Td [(i.)-348(22,)-291(genus)-283(hominum)-282(potentibus)-283(infidum)-283(sperantibus)-282(fallax,)-291(quod)-283(in)]TJ -31.678 -10.959 Td [(civitate)-269(nostra)-269(et)-269(vetabitur)-270(semper)-269(et)-269(retinebitur;)-279(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 187.82 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.602 0 Td [(v.)-307(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.957 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.1 0 Td [(vi.)-307(28;)-279(iv.)]TJ -245.479 -10.959 Td [(58;)-250(cf.)-250(Fabian,)-250(p.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2347)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(50.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -34.125 -7.311 Td [(2348)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(81;)-250(cf.)-250(Nipperdey,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.94 0 Td [(Einl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(xxvi.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2439 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2440 0 R /Resources 2438 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2437 0 R >> endobj 2441 0 obj << /D [2439 0 R /XYZ 315.512 518.175 null] >> endobj 2438 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2444 0 obj << /Length 5472 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(549)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Galba)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.051 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-359(brief)-358(reign)-359(in)-359(darkness)-358(broken)-359(by)-359(lurid)-359(lightnings,)-385(the)]TJ -29.684 -13.549 Td [(neglected)-335(signs)-334(of)-335(the)-335(coming)-334(doom)-335(of)-334(Jerusalem,)-356(the)-335(glare)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arms)-325(from)-324(contending)-325(armies)-324(in)-325(the)-324(sky,)-343(the)-325(ghostly)-324(voices,)-343(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-233(gods)-233(departing)-233(from)-233(the)-233(Holy)-234(of)-233(Holies,)-236(as)-233(in)-233(the)-233(tale)-233(of)-233(many)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(another)-310(omen,)-326(dream,)-325(or)-310(oracle,)-325(the)-311(historian)-310(gives)-310(an)-310(awe)-310(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grandeur)-225(to)-225(a)-226(superstition)-225(which)-225(he)-225(does)-225(not)-225(explicitly)-226(reject.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2349)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -252.236 -21.005 Td [(Nor)-496(need)-496(we)-495(be)-496(superciliously)-496(surprised)-496(that)-496(the)-495(greatest)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(master)-593(of)-592(historic)-593(tragedy,)-678(born)-593(into)-593(such)-592(an)-593(age,)-678(should)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([454])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(have)-415(had)-415(the)-415(balance)-415(of)-415(his)-415(faith)-415(disturbed.)-745(His)-415(infancy)-414(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(boyhood)-270(coincided)-270(with)-270(the)-270(last)-270(years)-270(of)-270(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.739 3.959 Td [(2350)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.822 -3.959 Td [(His)-270(youthful)]TJ -225.561 -13.549 Td [(imagination)-473(must)-473(have)-473(been)-473(disordered)-473(and)-473(inflamed)-473(by)-472(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tales,)-328(circulating)-312(in)-312(grave)-312(old)-312(Senatorial)-312(houses,)-327(of)-312(wild)-312(excess)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-169(mysterious)-168(crime)-169(on)-168(the)-169(Palatine,)-184(the)-169(daring)-168(caprice)-169(of)-168(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(harlots,)-356(the)-335(regal)-334(power)-335(and)-335(fabulous)-335(wealth)-334(and)-335(luxury)-335(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperial)-174(freedmen,)-190(the)-174(lunacy)-174(of)-175(the)-174(great)-174(line)-175(which)-174(had)-174(founded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-320(Empire,)-337(and)-319(which)-320(seemed)-320(destined)-319(to)-320(end)-320(it)-319(in)-320(shame)-319(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universal)-323(ruin.)-469(That)-323(the)-323(destinies)-323(of)-323(the)-323(world)-323(should)-323(be)-323(at)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mercy)-313(of)-313(a)-313(Pallas,)-328(a)-313(Caligula,)-328(or)-313(an)-313(Agrippina)-313(was)-313(a)-313(cruel)-312(trial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-451(any)-452(faith.)-854(The)-452(carnival)-451(of)-451(lust)-452(and)-451(carnage)-452(in)-451(which)-451(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dynasty)-304(disappeared,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.085 3.959 Td [(2351)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.904 -3.959 Td [(the)-304(shock)-304(of)-304(the)-304(fierce)-305(struggle)-304(on)-304(the)]TJ -111.989 -13.549 Td [(Po,)-372(in)-348(which)-348(the)-348(legions)-348(of)-347(the)-348(East)-348(and)-348(the)-348(West)-348(fought)-347(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(demoniac)-319(force)-319(for)-319(the)-318(great)-319(prize,)-336(deepened)-319(the)-319(horrors)-319(of)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tragedy)-267(and)-266(the)-267(gloomy)-267(doubts)-266(of)-267(its)-266(future)-267(historian.)-300(The)-266(dawn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-306(a)-306(timorous)-306(hope,)-321(which)-306(broke)-306(under)-306(the)-306(calm,)-320(strong)-306(rule)-306(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian,)-345(was)-326(overcast,)-345(during)-326(the)-326(early)-326(manhood)-326(of)-326(Tacitus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-214(the)-214(old)-214(insanity)-214(of)-215(power)-214(which)-214(seemed)-214(to)-214(revive)-214(in)-214(the)-214(last)-214(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(Flavians.)-404(Such)-302(an)-301(experience)-301(and)-302(such)-301(an)-301(atmosphere)-301(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(enough)-303(to)-303(disorder)-303(any)-304(imagination.)-409(The)-303(wild)-303(Titanic)-303(ambition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-254(the)-253(Claudian)-254(Caesars,)-254(a)-254(strange)-254(mixture)-253(of)-254(vicious,)-254(hereditary)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.088 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.275 Td [(2349)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.359 0 Td [(ii.)-247(50;)-245(iv.)-247(81;)-245(i.)-247(6;)-245(i.)-247(18;)-245(v.)-248(13;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 107.509 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.857 0 Td [(i.)-247(65;)-245(ii.)-247(14;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.703 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.359 0 Td [(iii.)-247(56;)-245(iv.)-247(83;)-245(cf.)]TJ -220.742 -10.958 Td [(Fabian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.889 0 Td [(Quid)-250(Tac.)-250(de)-250(num.)-250(div.)-250(judicaverit)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 123.028 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -154.657 -7.395 Td [(2350)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Peter,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(Gesch.)-250(Litt.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.836 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(42.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -81.44 -7.394 Td [(2351)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.724 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.363 0 Td [(iii.)-562(83,)-380(simul)-355(cruor)-354(et)-354(strues)-354(corporum,)-380(juxta)-354(scorta)-354(et)-354(scortis)]TJ -53.042 -10.959 Td [(similes,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2443 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2444 0 R /Resources 2442 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2437 0 R >> endobj 2445 0 obj << /D [2443 0 R /XYZ 46.771 419.834 null] >> endobj 2442 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2448 0 obj << /Length 5200 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(550)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(insanity,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.277 3.959 Td [(2352)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.414 -3.959 Td [(with)-268(a)-268(fevered)-269(imagination)-268(which,)-273(intoxicated)-268(with)]TJ -56.691 -13.549 Td [(almost)-254(superhuman)-255(power,)-255(dreamt)-254(of)-255(unheard)-254(of)-254(conquests)-254(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature,)-273(made)-269(the)-269(Julio-Claudian)-269(emperors,)-273(in)-269(the)-269(eyes)-268(of)-269(men,)-273(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(race)-265(half-fiend,)-270(half-god.)-296(Men)-265(hated)-265(and)-266(loathed)-265(them,)-269(yet)-265(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ready)-164(to)-165(deify)-164(them.)-222(It)-164(did)-164(not)-165(seem)-164(unnatural)-165(that)-164(Caligula)-164(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throw)-240(a)-241(gigantic)-240(arch)-240(over)-241(the)-240(Forum,)-242(to)-241(link)-240(the)-240(imperial)-240(palace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-196(the)-196(temple)-196(of)-196(Jupiter)-196(on)-196(the)-196(Capitol.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.262 3.959 Td [(2353)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.97 -3.959 Td [(Men)-196(long)-196(refused)-196(to)]TJ -194.232 -13.549 Td [(believe)-259(in)-259(the)-260(death)-259(of)-259(Nero,)-262(and)-259(his)-259(reappearance)-259(was)-259(expected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-329(generations.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.327 3.958 Td [(2354)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.751 -3.958 Td [(In)-329(spite)-329(of)-329(the)-329(Augustan)-329(revival,)-349(the)-329(calm,)]TJ -91.078 -13.55 Td [(if)-275(rather)-275(formal,)-282(sanity)-275(of)-275(old)-275(Roman)-275(religion)-275(had)-275(lost)-275(its)-275(power)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(over)-351(cultivated)-350(minds.)-552(The)-350(East,)-376(with)-350(its)-351(fatalist)-350(superstitions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-355(apotheosis)-355(of)-355(lofty)-355(earthly)-355(sovereignty,)-381(its)-355(enthronement)-354(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-371(evil)-371(power)-370(beside)-371(the)-371(good,)-401(was)-371(completing)-371(the)-370(overthrow)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-403(the)-404(national)-403(faith.)-709(The)-404(air)-403(was)-403(full)-403(of)-404(the)-403(lawless)-403(and)-403(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([455])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(supernatural.)-768(Science,)-466(in)-422(the)-423(modern)-422(sense,)-466(was)-423(yet)-422(unborn;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-443(was)-443(a)-443(mere)-443(rudimentary)-443(mass)-443(of)-443(random)-443(guesses,)-491(with)-443(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-323(right)-323(to)-322(command)-323(the)-323(reason)-322(as)-323(the)-323(legends)-323(which)-322(sprang)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-331(the)-330(same)-331(lawless)-330(imagination.)-492(Philosophic)-331(speculation)-330(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-459(high)-459(sense)-459(had)-459(almost)-459(disappeared.)-877(The)-459(most)-458(powerful)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(system)-317(which)-316(still)-317(lingered,)-333(resolved)-316(the)-317(gods)-316(into)-317(mere)-316(names)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-401(the)-400(various)-401(potencies)-401(of)-400(that)-401(dim)-401(and)-400(awful)-401(Power)-400(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thrills)-476(through)-476(the)-476(universe,)-533(which)-476(fixes)-476(from)-476(the)-476(beginning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-351(destinies)-350(of)-351(men)-351(and)-351(nations,)-376(and)-350(which)-351(deigns)-351(to)-350(shadow)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forth)-336(its)-337(decrees)-336(in)-336(omen)-336(or)-337(oracle.)-509(Awestruck)-336(and)-336(helpless)-336(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-340(face)-340(of)-340(a)-340(cruel)-340(and)-339(omnipresent)-340(despotism,)-363(with)-340(little)-339(light)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-261(accredited)-261(systems)-261(of)-260(philosophy)-261(or)-261(religion,)-264(what)-260(wonder)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-316(even)-315(the)-316(highest)-315(and)-315(most)-316(cultivated)-315(minds)-316(were)-315(darkened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-488(bewildered,)-547(and)-488(were)-488(even)-488(ready)-488(to)-488(lend)-488(an)-488(ear)-488(to)-487(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sorcery)-253(of)-254(the)-253(mysterious)-253(East?)-260(The)-254(hesitating)-253(acceptance)-253(of)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(popular)-306(belief)-307(in)-306(clairvoyance)-306(hardly)-306(surprises)-306(us)-307(in)-306(a)-306(man)-306(like)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Tacitus,)-298(bewildered)-289(by)-289(the)-288(chaos)-289(of)-289(the)-288(Empire,)-299(and)-288(possessing)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.254 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.358 Td [(2352)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(iv.)-250(vi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.053 -7.395 Td [(2353)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(xxi.)-250(xxii.)-250(xxix.)-250(xxxiv.)-250(xxxvii.;)-250(cf.)-250(Mackail,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 154.921 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.373 0 Td [(p.)-250(213.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -241.356 -7.394 Td [(2354)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(lvii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2447 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2448 0 R /Resources 2446 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2437 0 R >> endobj 2449 0 obj << /D [2447 0 R /XYZ 253.407 342.036 null] >> endobj 2446 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2452 0 obj << /Length 9679 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(551)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(few)-346(reasoned)-347(convictions)-346(in)-347(religion)-346(or)-346(philosophy.)-540(It)-346(is)-346(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(surprising)-352(to)-353(find)-352(so)-353(detached)-352(a)-352(mind)-353(as)-352(Epictetus)-352(recognising)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-362(some)-361(sort)-362(the)-361(power)-362(of)-361(divination.)-584(He)-362(admits)-361(that)-362(men)-361(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(driven)-247(to)-248(practise)-247(it)-247(by)-247(cowardice)-248(or)-247(selfish)-247(greed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.195 3.958 Td [(2355)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.156 -3.958 Td [(He)-247(agrees)]TJ -237.351 -13.55 Td [(that)-259(the)-259(diviner)-259(can)-260(only)-259(predict)-259(the)-259(external)-259(changes)-259(of)-259(fortune,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-235(that)-235(on)-236(their)-235(moral)-235(bearing,)-238(on)-236(the)-235(question)-235(whether)-235(they)-235(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-241(good)-240(or)-241(evil,)-243(he)-240(can)-241(throw)-241(no)-240(light.)-247(Yet)-241(even)-241(this)-240(preacher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-261(a)-260(universal)-261(Providence,)-263(of)-260(the)-261(doctrine)-260(that)-261(our)-260(true)-261(good)-260(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(happiness)-240(are)-240(in)-241(our)-240(own)-240(hands,)-242(will)-241(not)-240(altogether)-240(deny)-240(that)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(augur)-234(can)-233(forecast)-234(the)-233(future.)-245(We)-233(should,)-237(indeed,)-237(Epictetus)-233(says,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(come)-288(to)-287(consult)-288(him,)-297(without)-287(any)-288(selfish)-287(passion,)-297(as)-288(a)-287(wayfarer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(asks)-330(of)-329(a)-330(man)-329(whom)-330(he)-329(meets)-330(whi)1(ch)-330(of)-329(two)-330(roads)-329(leads)-330(to)-329(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(journey)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.328 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-399(end.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 27.074 3.959 Td [(2356)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.035 -3.959 Td [(But)-399(the)-399(field)-398(for)-399(such)-399(guidance)-399(is)-398(limited,)]TJ -88.069 -13.549 Td [(Where)-398(the)-398(light)-398(of)-398(reason)-398(or)-398(conscience)-398(is)-398(a)-398(sufficient)-398(guide,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-308(diviner)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.601 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-308(art)-309(is)-308(either)-309(useless)-308(or)-308(corrupting.)-425(Nor)-309(should)-308(any)]TJ -51.233 -13.549 Td [(ominous)-362(signs)-362(deter)-361(a)-362(man)-362(from)-362(sharing)-361(a)-362(friend)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 221.236 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-362(peril,)-389(even)]TJ -224.869 -13.549 Td [(though)-250(the)-250(diviner)-250(may)-250(give)-250(warning)-250(of)-250(exile)-250(or)-250(death.)]TJ 11.956 -14.429 Td [(Next)-298(to)-298(Aristides,)-310(there)-299(is)-298(probably)-298(no)-298(writer)-298(who)-298(reveals)-298(so)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 279.068 0 Td [([456])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(strikingly)-408(the)-407(mingled)-408(pietism)-407(and)-408(superstition)-408(of)-407(the)-408(time)-407(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aelian.)-457(Although)-318(he)-319(preferred)-319(to)-319(compose)-319(his)-319(works)-319(in)-318(Greek,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-317(was)-316(a)-316(native)-317(of)-316(the)-317(Latian)-316(Praeneste,)-334(that)-316(cool)-316(retreat)-317(of)-316(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wearied)-378(Roman,)-410(and)-378(the)-378(seat)-378(of)-378(the)-378(famous)-378(shrine)-378(of)-378(Fortuna)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Primigenia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.608 3.959 Td [(2357)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.312 -3.959 Td [(It)-285(is)-285(a)-285(disputed)-285(point)-285(whether)-285(Aelian)-285(belongs)-285(to)]TJ -70.92 -13.549 Td [(the)-167(second)-168(century)-167(or)-167(the)-168(third.)-222(But)-167(the)-168(more)-167(probable)-167(conclusion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(favoured)-260(by)-261(the)-260(authority)-260(of)-261(Suidas,)-263(is)-260(that)-260(he)-261(lived)-260(shortly)-260(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-326(time)-325(of)-326(Hadrian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.339 3.959 Td [(2358)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.643 -3.959 Td [(His)-326(historical)-325(Miscellanies)-326(are)-326(a)-325(good)]TJ -111.982 -13.549 Td [(example)-362(of)-362(that)-361(uncritical)-362(treatment)-362(of)-361(history)-362(and)-362(love)-362(of)-361(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.293 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.397 Td [(2355)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.654 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.839 0 Td [(ii.)-389(7,)-307(\247)-297(10,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 41.302 0 Td [(\304\257)-296(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.613 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.202 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.832 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.313 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.292 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.121 0 Td [(\303\305\275\265\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.502 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-296(\274\261\275\304\265\315\265\303\270\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.092 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\263\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.661 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.355 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -273.098 -10.959 Td [(\264\265\271\273\257\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.775 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\306\277\262\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.417 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\270\261\271)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.2 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\272\262\254\303\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.092 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.278 -7.395 Td [(2356)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.375 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.323 0 Td [(A)-297(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.595 0 Td [(\264\277\271\300\314\301\277\302)-297(\300\305\275\270\254\275\265\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 80.816 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.236 0 Td [(\300\277\304\255\301\261)-297(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.316 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.21 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-297(\306\255\301\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.049 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.236 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.454 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\264\265\271)]TJ -269.933 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)-250(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.643 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.028 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301\307\265\303\270\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.513 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\264\267\263\314\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.353 0 Td [(.)-250(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(Ench.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -181.457 -7.394 Td [(2357)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Warde)-250(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.022 0 Td [(Roman)-250(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.02 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(72;)-250(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.538 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Myth.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.828 0 Td [(\050Tr.\051,)-250(p.)-250(381.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -230.103 -7.394 Td [(2358)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.841 0 Td [(Vit.)-301(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.97 0 Td [(ii.)-301(p.)-301(273,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.468 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\270\261\315\274\261\266\265)-267(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.299 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.159 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.939 0 Td [(\051)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.532 0 Td [(\301\316\264\267\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.584 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-267(\300\277\271\272\271\273\316\304\261\304\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -223.112 -10.959 Td [(\345)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\267\304\314\301\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.218 0 Td [(:)-712(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.533 0 Td [(Praef.)-943(Jac.)-942(Perizonii)-481(ed.)-942(Aeliana)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 137.997 0 Td [(,)-539(Gronov.;)-596(Suid.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 71.68 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\277\306\257\303\304\265\305\303\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.401 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(\316\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.11 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.029 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\307)-250(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.796 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-250(\274\265\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.241 0 Td [(p)-250(\011)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.948 0 Td [(\264\301\271\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.47 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\307\301\314\275\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.265 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2451 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2452 0 R /Resources 2450 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2437 0 R >> endobj 2453 0 obj << /D [2451 0 R /XYZ 317.703 286.959 null] >> endobj 2450 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2456 0 obj << /Length 5600 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(552)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(sensational)-271(which)-271(were)-272(held)-271(up)-271(to)-271(scorn)-271(by)-272(Lucian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.748 3.959 Td [(2359)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.86 -3.959 Td [(But)-271(it)-271(is)]TJ -245.608 -13.549 Td [(in)-211(the)-210(fragments)-211(of)-210(his)-211(work)-210(on)-211(Providence,)-218(that)-211(we)-210(have)-211(the)-210(best)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(illustration)-288(of)-287(his)-288(religious)-287(attitude.)-363(The)-288(immediate)-287(interference)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-175(the)-174(Heavenly)-175(Powers,)-190(to)-174(reward)-175(the)-175(pious)-174(believer,)-190(or)-175(to)-174(punish)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-172(defiant)-171(sceptic,)-187(is)-172(triumphantly)-171(proclaimed.)-224(Miracles,)-187(oracles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presages,)-338(and)-320(warning)-320(dreams)-320(startle)-321(the)-320(reader)-320(on)-320(every)-320(page.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aelian)-359(wages)-359(war)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 84.449 0 Td [(\340)-359(outrance)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 52.07 0 Td [(with)-359(the)-359(effeminate)-359(and)-359(profane)]TJ -136.519 -13.549 Td [(crew)-311(of)-311(the)-311(Epicureans,)-326(whom)-311(he)-311(would)-311(certainly)-311(have)-311(handed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(over)-215(pitilessly)-215(to)-215(the)-215(secular)-216(arm,)-222(if)-215(he)-215(had)-215(had)-215(the)-215(power.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.871 3.958 Td [(2360)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.039 -3.958 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.55 Td [(records)-217(with)-218(delight)-217(the)-217(physical)-218(maladies)-217(which)-217(are)-218(said)-217(to)-217(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(afflicted)-305(Epicurus)-305(and)-305(his)-304(brothers,)-319(and)-305(the)-305(persecution)-305(of)-304(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sect)-229(at)-228(Messene)-229(and)-228(in)-229(Crete.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 126.075 3.959 Td [(2361)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.088 -3.959 Td [(After)-229(the)-228(tale)-229(of)-228(some)-229(specially)]TJ -145.163 -13.549 Td [(impressive)-469(interference)-470(of)-469(Providence,)-524(he)-469(launches)-469(ferocious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anathemas)-310(at)-310(the)-311(most)-310(famous)-310(sceptics,)-325(Xenophanes,)-325(Diagoras,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-366(Epicurus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 61.254 3.959 Td [(2362)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.961 -3.959 Td [(He)-366(pursues)-366(Epicurus)-366(even)-366(to)-366(the)-366(tomb,)-395(and)]TJ -84.215 -13.549 Td [(pours)-223(all)-223(his)-223(scorn)-223(on)-223(the)-223(unbelieving)-223(voluptuary)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 211.555 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-223(arrangements)]TJ -215.187 -13.549 Td [(for)-437(biennial)-438(banquets)-437(to)-438(his)-437(shade.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.294 3.959 Td [(2363)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.298 -3.959 Td [(He)-437(exults)-438(in)-437(the)-437(fate)]TJ -184.592 -13.549 Td [(of)-370(one)-370(who,)-401(without)-370(initiation,)-400(tried)-370(to)-370(get)-371(a)-370(sight)-370(of)-370(the)-370(holy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spectacle)-225(at)-225(Eleusis,)-230(and)-226(perished)-225(by)-225(falling)-225(from)-225(his)-225(secret)-225(point)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-261(observation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.569 3.959 Td [(2364)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.541 -3.959 Td [(It)-261(is)-262(needless)-261(to)-262(say)-261(that)-262(miraculous)-261(cures)-262(by)]TJ -85.11 -13.549 Td [(Asclepius)-276(are)-276(related)-275(with)-276(the)-276(most)-275(exuberant)-276(faith.)-327(Aristarchus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-375(tragic)-375(poet,)-407(and)-375(Theopompus)-375(the)-375(comedian,)-406(were)-375(restored)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-419(wasting)-420(and)-419(hopeless)-419(sickness)-419(by)-420(the)-419(god.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.176 3.959 Td [(2365)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.705 -3.959 Td [(Another)]TJ -244.881 -13.549 Td [(patient)-280(of)-280(the)-281(shrine)-280(had)-280(the)-280(vision,)-288(which)-280(was)-280(probably)-280(often)-280(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([457])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(real)-227(fact,)-231(of)-226(a)-227(priest)-226(standing)-227(beside)-226(his)-227(bed)-226(in)-227(the)-226(night,)-231(bringing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(counsels)-375(of)-375(healing.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 89.678 3.959 Td [(2366)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.249 -3.959 Td [(But)-375(the)-375(climax)-374(of)-375(ludicrous)-375(credulity)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.768 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.872 Td [(2359)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ael.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.43 0 Td [(Var.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(xi.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.488 -7.311 Td [(2360)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)-250(Fragm.)-250(Ael.)-250(ap.)-250(Gronov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 99.114 0 Td [(p.)-250(1014.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -113.809 -7.31 Td [(2361)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(1022.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2362)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(1024.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2363)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(1023.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2364)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(1011.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2365)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(1030.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2366)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fragm.)-250(Ael.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(pp.)-250(1009,)-250(1034.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2455 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2456 0 R /Resources 2454 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2437 0 R >> endobj 2457 0 obj << /D [2455 0 R /XYZ 281.997 206.544 null] >> endobj 2454 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2460 0 obj << /Length 4992 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(553)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-404(reached)-404(in)-404(the)-404(tale)-403(of)-404(the)-404(pious)-404(cock)-404(of)-404(Tanagra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.032 3.959 Td [(2367)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.202 -3.959 Td [(This)]TJ -261.234 -13.549 Td [(favoured)-412(bird,)-452(being)-412(maimed)-411(in)-412(one)-412(leg,)-452(appeared)-412(before)-411(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shrine)-387(of)-387(Asclepius,)-422(holding)-387(out)-387(the)-387(injured)-387(limb,)-421(and,)-421(taking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-335(place)-334(in)-334(the)-335(choir)-334(that)-335(sung)-334(the)-335(morning)-334(paean,)-356(begged)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(god)-324(for)-324(relief)-324(and)-324(healing.)-473(It)-324(came)-324(before)-324(the)-324(evening,)-342(and)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grateful)-376(bird,)-408(with)-376(crest)-376(erect,)-408(with)-376(stately)-376(tread,)-407(and)-376(flapping)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wings,)-242(gave)-241(voice)-240(to)-240(his)-241(deliverance)-240(in)-240(his)-241(own)-240(peculiar)-240(notes)-240(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(praise!)-502(The)-334(Divine)-334(vengeance)-334(is)-334(also)-334(displayed)-334(asserting)-334(itself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-382(dreams.)-645(A)-381(traveller,)-415(stopping)-381(for)-382(the)-382(night)-381(at)-382(Megara,)-414(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-233(murdered)-234(for)-233(his)-233(purse)-233(of)-233(gold)-234(by)-233(the)-233(keeper)-233(of)-234(his)-233(inn,)-236(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-293(corpse,)-304(hidden)-293(in)-293(a)-293(dung-cart,)-304(was)-293(carried)-293(through)-293(the)-293(gates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-302(dawn.)-406(At)-302(that)-302(very)-302(hour)-302(his)-302(wraith)-302(appeared)-302(to)-302(a)-301(citizen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-216(the)-216(place,)-222(and)-216(told)-216(him)-216(the)-216(tale)-215(of)-216(the)-216(tragedy.)-239(The)-215(treacherous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(assassin)-269(was)-270(caught)-269(at)-269(the)-269(very)-270(point)-269(indicated)-269(by)-269(the)-270(ghost.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2368)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-284(last)-284(dream)-284(of)-284(Philemon)-284(is)-284(of)-284(a)-284(more)-284(pleasing)-284(kind.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.387 3.959 Td [(2369)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.28 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(poet,)-361(being)-339(then)-340(in)-339(his)-339(full)-339(vigour,)-361(and)-339(in)-339(possession)-339(of)-339(all)-339(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powers,)-227(once)-220(had)-221(a)-220(vision)-221(in)-220(his)-221(home)-221(at)-220(Peiraeus.)-240(He)-221(thought)-220(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(saw)-208(nine)-208(maidens)-208(leaving)-208(the)-208(house,)-216(and)-208(heard)-208(them)-208(bidding)-208(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adieu.)-372(When)-291(he)-290(awoke,)-301(he)-291(told)-290(the)-291(tale)-291(to)-290(his)-291(boy,)-301(and)-290(finished)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-257(play)-257(on)-257(which)-257(he)-257(was)-257(at)-257(work;)-260(then,)-259(wrapping)-257(himself)-257(in)-256(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cloak,)-218(he)-211(lay)-210(down)-210(to)-210(sleep,)-219(and)-210(when)-210(they)-210(came)-211(to)-210(wake)-210(him,)-218(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-301(dead.)-404(Aelian)-301(challenges)-301(Epicurus)-301(to)-301(deny)-301(that)-301(the)-301(maidens)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-275(the)-275(vision)-276(were)-275(the)-275(nine)-275(Muses,)-282(quitting)-275(an)-275(abode)-275(which)-275(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soon)-250(to)-250(be)-250(polluted)-250(by)-250(death.)]TJ 11.956 -14.897 Td [(Publius)-454(Aelius)-454(Aristides)-453(is)-454(one)-454(of)-454(the)-454(best)-453(representatives)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-455(the)-455(union)-455(of)-455(high)-455(culture)-455(with)-455(the)-455(forces)-455(of)-455(the)-455(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revival.)-842(He)-447(saw)-447(the)-448(beginning)-447(and)-447(the)-448(end)-447(of)-447(the)-447(Antonine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age.)-586(He)-362(was)-362(born)-362(in)-362(117)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 118.543 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.928 0 Td [(at)-362(Adriani,)-390(in)-362(Mysia,)-390(where)-362(his)]TJ -138.471 -13.549 Td [(family)-311(held)-311(a)-312(high)-311(position,)-326(his)-311(father)-311(being)-312(priest)-311(of)-311(Zeus.)-433(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(received)-436(the)-436(most)-436(complete)-436(rhetorical)-437(training,)-482(and)-436(had)-436(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-394(pupil)-395(of)-394(Herodes)-394(Atticus.)-683(Travelling)-395(through)-394(Greece,)-430(Italy,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(2367)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(1013.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2368)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(1049.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2369)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(1051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2459 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2460 0 R /Resources 2458 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2462 0 R >> endobj 2461 0 obj << /D [2459 0 R /XYZ 70.679 66.142 null] >> endobj 2458 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2465 0 obj << /Length 5899 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(554)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-334(Egypt,)-355(and)-334(giving)-335(exhibitions)-334(of)-334(his)-334(skill)-334(in)-334(the)-334(fashion)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(day,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.964 3.959 Td [(2370)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.698 -3.959 Td [(Aristides)-289(won)-289(a)-289(splendid)-289(reputation,)-299(which)-289(swelled)]TJ -54.662 -13.549 Td [(his)-314(vanity)-313(to)-314(proportions)-314(rare)-313(even)-314(in)-314(a)-313(class)-314(whose)-314(vanity)-313(was)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([458])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(proverbial.)-238(He)-215(won)-215(the)-215(restoration)-215(of)-215(the)-215(ruined)-215(Smyrna)-215(from)-215(M.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Aurelius,)-344(by)-325(an)-325(oration)-325(which)-325(moved)-325(the)-325(Emperor)-325(to)-325(tears.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2371)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(With)-457(a)-457(naturally)-458(feeble)-457(constitution)-457(and)-457(epileptic)-457(tendencies,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(excitement)-311(of)-312(the)-311(sophist)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.129 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-312(life)-311(brought)-312(on)-311(an)-312(illness)-311(which)]TJ -131.762 -13.549 Td [(lasted)-451(thirteen)-451(years.)-854(During)-451(that)-452(long)-451(ordeal,)-501(he)-451(developed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-389(mystic)-388(superstition)-389(which,)-424(along)-388(with)-389(an)-389(ever-growing)-388(self-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(consciousness,)-486(inspired)-439(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 127.901 0 Td [(Sacred)-439(Orations)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 73.876 0 Td [(,)-486(which)-439(appeared)]TJ -201.777 -13.549 Td [(in)-482(177,)-540(long)-481(after)-482(his)-482(health)-482(had)-482(been)-481(restored.)-946(He)-481(visited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-452(seats)-452(of)-451(sacred)-452(healing)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.226 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Smyrna,)-502(Pergamum,)-502(Cyzicus,)]TJ -145.135 -13.549 Td [(Epidaurus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.237 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(and,)-390(often)-362(in)-362(a)-362(cataleptic)-362(state,)-390(between)-362(sleep)-362(and)]TJ -55.146 -13.549 Td [(waking,)-532(he)-476(had)-476(visitations)-476(of)-475(the)-476(Higher)-476(Powers)-476(in)-475(dreams.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(They)-416(gave)-416(him)-415(prescriptions)-416(of)-416(the)-416(strangest)-415(remedies,)-457(along)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-365(eulogies)-364(on)-365(his)-364(unrivalled)-365(talent,)-393(which)-364(he)-365(was)-364(solemnly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enjoined)-356(to)-357(devote)-356(to)-356(the)-356(celebration)-356(of)-357(his)-356(deliverance)-356(by)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine)-250(favour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.622 3.959 Td [(2372)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -51.667 -17.508 Td [(Aristides)-218(zealously)-218(obeyed)-219(the)-218(Divine)-218(command.)-239(But)-219(whether)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(his)-461(sole)-461(inspiration)-460(was)-461(simple)-461(gratitude)-461(and)-460(unsophisticated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(piety,)-410(crossed)-378(by)-379(superstition,)-410(as)-378(has)-378(generally)-378(been)-378(assumed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-315(well)-314(be)-315(doubted.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.046 3.959 Td [(2373)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.284 -3.959 Td [(The)-315(truth)-314(is,)-331(that)-315(in)-315(Aristides)-314(met)-315(all)]TJ -117.33 -13.549 Td [(the)-235(complex)-235(influences)-234(of)-235(his)-235(age,)-238(both)-235(intellectual)-235(and)-234(spiritual.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-259(was)-259(the)-258(most)-259(elaborate)-259(product)-259(of)-259(the)-259(rhetorical)-258(school,)-261(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-253(cultivated)-254(mastery)-253(of)-253(phrase,)-255(its)-253(exuberant)-253(pride)-254(in)-253(the)-253(power)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-271(words,)-277(it)1(s)-272(indifference)-271(to)-271(truth,)-276(in)-271(comparison)-271(with)-271(rhetorical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effect.)-230(The)-192(whole)-191(force)-191(of)-191(revived)-192(Hellenism)-191(was)-191(concentrated)-191(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-226(declamatory)-225(skill.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.136 3.959 Td [(2374)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.077 -3.959 Td [(At)-226(the)-225(same)-226(time,)-231(the)-226(religious)-225(revival)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.16 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.347 Td [(2370)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Jebb)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 16.435 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.73 0 Td [(Aristides)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.884 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(Collect.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.817 0 Td [(\247)-250(vi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -134.494 -7.31 Td [(2371)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.363 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(253.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.444 -7.311 Td [(2372)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.753 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.608 0 Td [(iii.)-1014(p.)-1014(440)-504(sqq.;)-632(Baumgart,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 118.156 0 Td [(Ael.)-1014(Aristides)-504(als)]TJ -210.473 -10.959 Td [(Repr\344sentant)-250(der)-250(Soph.)-250(Rhet.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 107.588 0 Td [(pp.)-250(68,)-250(96.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -110.327 -7.31 Td [(2373)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baumgart)-343(rejects)-342(Welcker)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 95.279 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-343(view)-342(of)-343(the)-342(essentially)-343(religious)-343(character)-342(of)]TJ -110.22 -10.959 Td [(Aristides,)-250(pp.)-250(112,)-250(113.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2374)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baumgart,)-285(pp.)-334(62,)-285(102,)-285(Bald)-278(ist)-278(in)-278(der)-278(ganzen)-278(Heilungsgeschichte)-278(dies)-278(die)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2464 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2465 0 R /Resources 2463 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2462 0 R >> endobj 2466 0 obj << /D [2464 0 R /XYZ 93.543 491.077 null] >> endobj 2463 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2469 0 obj << /Length 4989 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(555)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(was)-305(very)-305(far)-305(from)-305(being)-305(a)-305(return)-305(to)-305(the)-305(old)-306(religion,)-318(in)-305(its)-305(clear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(firm)-347(outlines)-347(and)-347(simple)-347(wholeness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.501 3.959 Td [(2375)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.342 -3.959 Td [(The)-347(Zeus)-347(and)-347(Athene)]TJ -183.843 -13.549 Td [(and)-339(Poseidon)-339(of)-339(the)-338(age)-339(of)-339(Aristides)-339(were)-339(not)-339(the)-339(divinities)-338(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-400(great)-400(age.)-701(Many)-400(influences)-400(had)-401(been)-400(at)-400(work)-400(to)-400(blur)-400(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(clean-cut)-381(outlines)-381(of)-381(Hellenic)-381(imagination,)-414(and)-381(to)-380(sophisticate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-387(ancestral)-387(faith)-388(both)-387(of)-387(Greece)-387(and)-387(Rome.)-662(Men)-387(wished)-387(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believe)-379(in)-379(the)-379(ancient)-379(gods,)-411(but)-379(they)-379(were)-379(no)-379(longer)-379(the)-378(gods)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-427(Homer)-426(or)-427(of)-427(Aeschylus,)-471(the)-427(gods)-426(worshipped)-427(by)-427(the)-426(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-271(fought)-271(in)-272(the)-271(Samnite)-271(or)-271(the)-271(Punic)-272(wars.)-313(Greek)-271(philosophy)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([459])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(for)-351(eight)-351(centuries)-351(had)-350(been)-351(teaching)-351(a)-351(doctrine)-351(of)-351(one)-350(Divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-463(or)-463(essence,)-516(transcending)-463(the)-463(powers)-463(and)-463(limitations)-463(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense,)-305(or)-294(immanent)-294(in)-295(the)-294(fleeting)-294(world)-294(of)-294(chance)-294(and)-294(change.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pagan)-396(theology)-396(had)-395(elaborated)-396(a)-396(celestial)-396(hierarchy,)-432(in)-395(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(Deity,)-320(removed)-307(to)-306(an)-306(infinite)-306(distance,)-320(was)-306(remotely)-306(linked)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-424(humanity)-423(by)-424(a)-423(graduated)-424(scale)-423(of)-423(inferior)-424(spiritual)-423(beings,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(daemons,)-355(and)-334(heroes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95.978 3.959 Td [(2376)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.913 -3.959 Td [(Then)-334(came)-334(the)-334(religions)-334(of)-334(the)-334(East,)]TJ -117.891 -13.549 Td [(with)-316(their)-315(doctrines)-316(of)-315(expiation)-316(for)-316(sin)-315(and)-316(ascetic)-315(preparation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-327(communion,)-346(and)-327(visions)-327(of)-327(immortality.)-481(And,)-346(alongside)-327(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-269(these)-269(developments,)-273(there)-269(was)-268(a)-269(portentous)-269(growth)-269(of)-268(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(superstition,)-243(belief)-240(in)-241(dreams,)-242(omens,)-243(and)-241(oracles,)-242(in)-241(any)-240(avenue)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-308(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.534 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Great)-308(Mystery.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.674 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.201 0 Td [(Sophistic)-308(rhetoric,)-322(from)-308(its)-308(very)-307(nature)]TJ -108.252 -13.549 Td [(and)-258(function,)-260(was)-258(bound)-258(to)-258(reflect)-258(the)-258(religious)-258(spirit)-258(of)-258(the)-257(age,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-386(all)-386(its)-385(confusion.)-658(The)-385(ancient)-386(myths,)-420(indeed,)-420(were)-385(revived)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-434(decked)-434(out)-434(with)-434(rich)-435(poetic)-434(colouring.)-802(Yet)-434(it)-434(is)-434(not)-434(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(simple,)-230(na\357ve,)-230(old)-225(pagan)-224(faith)-225(which)-225(inspires)-225(the)-225(rhetorical)-224(artist.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-314(pantheistic)-313(or)-314(theosophist)-314(doctrines,)-330(which)-313(were)-314(in)-314(the)-313(air,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disturbed)-273(the)-272(antique)-273(character)-273(of)-272(the)-273(piece.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.034 3.959 Td [(2377)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.909 -3.959 Td [(But)-273(the)-272(sophist,)]TJ -211.943 -13.549 Td [(if)-261(he)-260(occasionally)-261(catches)-260(the)-261(tone)-260(of)-261(new)-260(mysticism,)-263(or)-261(even)-260(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rationalist)-216(interpretation,)-222(is)-216(nothing)-215(if)-216(not)-216(orthodox)-215(on)-216(the)-215(whole,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-386(he)-385(anathematises)-386(the)-386(impiety)-385(of)-386(free-thinking)-385(philosophy,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 108.408 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 99.585 Td [(Hauptsache,)-250(dass)-250(nun)-250(sein)-250(Rhetorentum)-250(die)-250(h\366chste)-250(Weihe)-250(erhalten)-250(habe.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.395 Td [(2375)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(p.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2376)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baumgart,)-250(pp.)-250(60,)-250(61.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2377)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(p.)-250(64.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2468 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2469 0 R /Resources 2467 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2462 0 R >> endobj 2470 0 obj << /D [2468 0 R /XYZ 99.958 409.782 null] >> endobj 2471 0 obj << /D [2468 0 R /XYZ 213.06 165.896 null] >> endobj 2467 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2474 0 obj << /Length 6398 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(556)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(with)-473(the)-472(same)-473(energy)-473(as)-472(Aelian.)-918(Above)-473(all,)-528(Aristides)-473(is)-472(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(harmony)-352(with)-353(the)-352(infinite)-353(faith)-352(in)-352(miracle)-353(and)-352(heavenly)-352(vision)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-250(was)-250(rife.)]TJ 11.956 -17.418 Td [(From)-310(whatever)-310(cause,)-325(the)-310(worship)-310(of)-310(Asclepius)-310(had)-309(attained)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(an)-265(extraordinary)-265(popularity)-265(in)-266(the)-265(age)-265(of)-265(the)-265(Antonines.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.005 3.959 Td [(2378)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.661 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(conditions)-347(of)-347(health)-347(and)-347(disease)-347(are)-346(so)-347(obscure,)-372(the)-346(influences)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-464(will)-465(and)-464(imagination)-464(on)-465(our)-464(bodily)-464(states)-465(are)-464(so)-464(marked,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that,)-496(in)-446(all)-446(ages,)-496(the)-446(boundaries)-447(between)-446(the)-447(natural)-446(and)-446(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unknowable)-276(are)-276(blurred)-276(and)-277(may)-276(be)-276(easily)-276(crossed.)-328(The)-276(science)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-536(medicine,)-608(even)-537(down)-536(to)-537(the)-536(age)-537(of)-536(Hippocrates,)-608(or)-536(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-394(of)-394(Galen,)-430(had)-393(not)-394(abandoned)-394(all)-394(faith)-394(in)-394(the)-394(magical)-393(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mysterious.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.608 3.959 Td [(2379)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.764 -3.959 Td [(Incantations)-268(long)-269(held)-268(their)-268(ground)-268(beside)-269(more)]TJ -70.372 -13.549 Td [(scientific)-237(remedies.)-246(Health)-237(being)-238(the)-237(most)-237(precious)-238(and)-237(the)-237(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(precarious)-246(of)-245(earthly)-246(blessings,)-247(it)-246(is)-245(not)-246(strange)-246(that,)-246(in)-246(an)-246(age)-245(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revived)-237(belief)-236(in)-236(the)-237(supernatural,)-239(the)-237(god)-236(of)-237(health)-236(should)-236(attain)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([460])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(a)-272(rank)-272(even)-271(on)-272(level)-272(with)-272(the)-272(great)-271(Olympian)-272(gods.)-316(His)-271(temples)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rose)-442(in)-443(every)-442(land)-443(where)-442(Greek)-442(or)-443(Roman)-442(culture)-442(prevailed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-201(were)-202(generally)-201(built)-201(with)-202(an)-201(eye)-201(to)-201(beauty)-202(of)-201(scenery,)-211(or)-201(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtues)-224(of)-225(some)-224(clear,)-230(cold,)-229(ancient)-224(spring,)-230(or)-224(other)-224(health-giving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powers)-347(in)-346(the)-347(site,)-371(which)-347(might)-346(reinforce)-347(the)-347(more)-346(mysterious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influences)-218(of)-218(religion.)-240(And)-218(in)-218(every)-219(temple)-218(there)-218(was)-218(a)-218(hierarchy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-194(sacred)-195(servants,)-205(who)-194(guarded)-194(a)-195(tradition)-194(of)-194(hieratic)-194(ceremonial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-255(of)-254(medical)-255(science.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 102.547 3.959 Td [(2380)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.319 -3.959 Td [(There)-255(was)-254(the)-255(chief)-255(priest,)-256(who)-254(may)]TJ -121.866 -13.549 Td [(or)-186(may)-187(not)-186(have)-186(been)-187(a)-186(trained)-187(physician.)-228(There)-187(were)-186(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 245.481 0 Td [(daduchi)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -245.481 -13.549 Td [(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 18.117 0 Td [(pyrophori)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.636 0 Td [(,)-223(who)-217(attended)-217(to)-216(the)-217(punctual)-217(service)-216(of)-217(the)-217(altars.)]TJ -61.753 -13.549 Td [(There)-460(were)-460(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 75.028 0 Td [(neocori)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(,)-513(who)-460(were)-460(probably)-460(physicians,)-513(and)]TJ -108.355 -13.55 Td [(who)-294(waited)-295(on)-294(the)-294(patients,)-306(interpreting)-294(their)-295(visions,)-305(and)-294(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supplementing)-397(them)-397(by)-397(other)-397(visions)-397(of)-397(their)-397(own.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 231.215 3.959 Td [(2381)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.975 -3.959 Td [(There)]TJ -255.19 -13.549 Td [(were)-405(also,)-444(in)-404(a)-405(lower)-405(rank,)-444(nurses,)-443(male)-405(and)-405(female,)-444(who,)-443(if)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.269 Td [(2378)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(c.)-250(iii.)-250(of)-250(Pater)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 48.562 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.729 0 Td [(Marius)-250(the)-250(Epicurean)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 78.698 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -159.134 -7.311 Td [(2379)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.515 0 Td [(Apoll.)-376(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.834 0 Td [(iii.)-376(44;)-313(D.)-292(Cass.)-376(lxix.)-376(22,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 94.722 0 Td [(\011)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.998 0 Td [(\264\301\271\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.47 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-292(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.57 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.384 0 Td [(\274\261\263\263\261\275\265\257\261\271\302)]TJ -235.915 -10.959 Td [(\274\255\275)-250(\304\271\303\271)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.322 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\263\277\267\304\265\257\261\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.013 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\265\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.35 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\314)-250(\300\277\304\265)-250(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.928 0 Td [(\346)-250(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.333 0 Td [(\263\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.01 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -177.431 -7.31 Td [(2380)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Caton,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Temples)-250(and)-250(Ritual)-250(of)-250(Asklepios)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 115.567 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -156.166 -7.311 Td [(2381)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baumgart,)-250(p.)-250(97;)-250(cf.)-250(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.355 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(p.)-250(574)-250(\050Jebb)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 44.079 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(s)-250(Ed.\051,)-250(531.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2473 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2474 0 R /Resources 2472 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2462 0 R >> endobj 2475 0 obj << /D [2473 0 R /XYZ 206.866 324.618 null] >> endobj 2472 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2478 0 obj << /Length 5080 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(557)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(we)-245(may)-244(judge)-244(from)-245(Aristides,)-246(performed)-244(the)-245(sympatheti)1(c)-245(part)-244(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-369(own)-370(hospital-nurses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 110.168 3.959 Td [(2382)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.072 -3.959 Td [(The)-369(patients)-370(came)-369(from)-369(all)-370(parts)]TJ -133.24 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(the)-362(Graeco-Roman)-362(world.)-586(After)-362(certain)-362(offerings)-362(and)-362(rites,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-378(sufferer)-378(took)-378(his)-378(place)-378(in)-378(the)-378(long)-378(dormitory,)-410(which)-377(often)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(contained)-432(beds)-432(for)-432(200)-432(or)-432(300,)-477(with)-432(windows)-432(open)-432(all)-432(night)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-332(to)-331(the)-332(winds)-331(of)-332(the)-332(south.)-494(The)-332(sick)-332(man)-331(brought)-332(his)-331(bed-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(coverings,)-231(and)-226(made)-226(his)-226(gift)-226(on)-226(the)-226(altar.)-242(The)-226(lamps)-226(were)-225(lighted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-270(the)-270(long)-270(gallery,)-275(a)-271(priest)-270(recited)-270(the)-270(vesper)-270(prayers.)-310(At)-270(a)-270(later)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hour,)-377(the)-352(lights)-352(were)-352(extinguished,)-378(strict)-352(silence)-352(was)-351(enjoined,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-352(a)-353(hope)-352(for)-353(some)-352(soothing)-352(vision)-353(from)-352(above)-352(was)-353(left)-352(as)-352(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(parting)-250(gift)-250(or)-250(salutation)-250(by)-250(the)-250(minister)-250(as)-250(he)-250(retired.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.702 3.959 Td [(2383)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -220.746 -19.155 Td [(Divination)-570(by)-570(dreams)-570(was)-571(one)-570(of)-570(the)-570(most)-570(ancient)-570(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(universal)-401(of)-402(superstitions)-401(in)-401(the)-402(pagan)-401(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.552 3.959 Td [(2384)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.118 -3.959 Td [(It)-401(was)-402(also)]TJ -230.67 -13.549 Td [(one)-380(of)-380(the)-380(most)-380(persistent)-380(to)-380(the)-380(last)-380(days)-380(of)-380(paganism)-380(in)-379(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(West.)-1024(The)-507(god)-508(of)-508(Epidaurus)-508(was)-508(still)-508(visiting)-508(his)-507(votaries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-380(night,)-412(when)-379(S.)-380(Jerome)-379(was)-380(composing)-379(his)-380(commentary)-379(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Isaiah.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.779 3.959 Td [(2385)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.981 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-397(is)-397(the)-397(superstition)-398(unnatural.)-691(Sleep,)-434(the)-397(most)]TJ -52.76 -13.549 Td [(mysterious)-321(of)-321(physical)-322(phenomena,)-339(gives)-321(birth)-321(to)-321(mental)-321(states)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-327(are)-326(a)-327(constant)-326(surprise.)-479(Thoughts)-327(and)-326(powers)-327(which)-326(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(latent)-418(in)-419(the)-418(waking)-418(hours,)-461(then)-418(start)-418(into)-419(life)-418(with)-418(a)-418(strange)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vividness)-320(and)-320(energy.)-460(Memory)-320(and)-320(imagination)-320(operate)-320(with)-320(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([461])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(force)-224(which)-225(may)-224(well,)-230(in)-224(an)-224(age)-225(of)-224(faith,)-229(be)-225(taken)-224(for)-224(inspiration.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-467(illusion)-466(of)-467(a)-467(double)-467(personality,)-520(which)-467(results)-467(from)-466(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(helplessness)-370(of)-370(the)-370(mind)-370(to)-370(react)-370(on)-370(the)-370(impressions)-370(of)-369(sense,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(also)-315(easily)-315(passes)-316(into)-315(the)-315(illusion)-315(of)-315(messages)-315(and)-315(promptings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-380(powers)-381(beyond)-380(ourselves.)-641(Religious)-380(hopes)-380(and)-380(cravings)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-250(thus)-250(easily)-250(and)-250(honestly)-250(seem)-250(to)-250(be)-250(fulfilled.)]TJ 11.956 -15.197 Td [(But)-354(external)-355(causes)-354(also)-355(reinforced)-354(in)-354(the)-355(ancient)-354(world)-354(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(deceptions)-343(of)-342(the)-343(inner)-342(spirit.)-528(The)-342(dream-oracle)-343(was)-342(generally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-434(a)-434(site)-434(where)-434(nature)-434(might)-434(touch)-434(the)-434(awe)-434(and)-433(imagination)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.394 Td [(2382)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(p.)-250(530)-250(\050Jebb\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.311 Td [(2383)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Caton,)-250(p.)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2384)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Maury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(La)-250(Magie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.619 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(231.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -77.701 -7.394 Td [(2385)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-250(Hieron.)-250(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.068 0 Td [(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.957 0 Td [(c.)-250(lv.)-250(p.)-250(482.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2477 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2478 0 R /Resources 2476 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2462 0 R >> endobj 2479 0 obj << /D [2477 0 R /XYZ 69.201 245.544 null] >> endobj 2476 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2482 0 obj << /Length 6116 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(558)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-433(the)-434(votary.)-800(Few)-433(could)-434(have)-433(descended)-433(into)-434(the)-433(gloom)-433(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-487(cave)-487(of)-487(Trophonius)-487(without)-487(having)-487(their)-487(fancy)-487(prepared)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-396(visions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.686 3.959 Td [(2386)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.951 -3.959 Td [(Exhalations)-396(from)-396(secret)-397(chasms,)-432(as)-397(at)-396(Delphi)]TJ -74.637 -13.549 Td [(and)-449(Lebadea,)-498(aided)-448(by)-449(the)-448(weird)-449(spells)-448(of)-448(the)-449(Nymphs)-448(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(haunted)-275(such)-274(scenes,)-281(often)-274(produced)-275(a)-274(physical)-275(excitement)-274(akin)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-406(madness.)-718(Opiates)-406(and)-406(potions)-406(administered)-406(by)-406(the)-405(priests,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-437(the)-437(effect)-437(of)-437(solemn)-437(religious)-437(rites,)-484(prepared)-436(the)-437(votary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-432(voices)-431(from)-432(another)-432(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.532 3.959 Td [(2387)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.112 -3.959 Td [(Soul)-432(and)-431(body)-432(were)-432(still)]TJ -166.644 -13.549 Td [(further)-462(prepared)-462(for)-462(the)-462(touch)-462(of)-462(a)-462(Divine)-462(hand)-462(by)-461(rigorous)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fasting,)-469(which)-424(was)-425(enjoined)-425(as)-425(a)-425(preparatory)-425(discipline)-425(in)-424(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-398(mysteries)-398(of)-399(the)-398(renascent)-398(paganism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.926 3.959 Td [(2388)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.015 -3.959 Td [(The)-398(heavenly)]TJ -219.941 -13.549 Td [(vision)-248(could)-248(only)-248(come)-248(to)-248(the)-249(clear)-248(spirit,)-248(purged)-248(as)-248(far)-248(as)-248(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-304(from)-304(the)-304(grossness)-304(of)-304(the)-304(flesh.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.9 3.959 Td [(2389)]TJ/F27 10.9091 Tf 20.932 -3.959 Td [(\030)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 7.451 0 Td [(\263\272\277\257\274\267\303\271\302)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.279 0 Td [(for)-304(the)-304(sake)]TJ -228.562 -13.549 Td [(of)-212(healing)-211(became)-212(a)-211(great,)-219(and)-212(probably)-212(in)-211(the)-212(main,)-219(a)-211(beneficent)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(institution)-340(in)-341(the)-340(temples)-341(of)-340(many)-340(deities,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 186.832 3.959 Td [(2390)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.398 -3.959 Td [(pre-eminently)-340(in)]TJ -207.23 -13.549 Td [(those)-333(of)-332(Isis,)-354(Serapis,)-353(and)-333(Asclepius.)-498(The)-332(temple)-333(of)-333(Serapis)-332(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Canopus)-217(in)-217(Strabo)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.889 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-217(time)-217(was)-217(thronged)-217(by)-217(patients)-217(of)-217(the)-217(noblest)]TJ -83.521 -13.549 Td [(rank,)-346(and)-326(was)-327(famous)-326(for)-327(its)-326(miraculous)-327(cures.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.341 3.959 Td [(2391)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.669 -3.959 Td [(Among)-327(the)]TJ -231.01 -13.549 Td [(many)-341(attributes)-341(of)-341(Queen)-340(Isis,)-364(none)-341(made)-341(a)-341(deeper)-340(impression)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-408(her)-409(benignant)-408(power)-408(of)-408(healing)-409(even)-408(the)-408(most)-408(desperate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cases.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.746 3.959 Td [(2392)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.253 -3.959 Td [(Her)-283(temples)-283(rose)-284(everywhere.)-349(Her)-284(dream)-283(interpreters)]TJ -45.999 -13.549 Td [(were)-196(famous)-197(from)-196(the)-196(days)-197(of)-196(Cicero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.597 3.959 Td [(2393)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.971 -3.959 Td [(In)-196(her)-197(shrine)-196(at)-196(Smyrna)]TJ -180.568 -13.549 Td [(Aristides)-253(had)-254(many)-253(of)-253(his)-254(most)-253(startling)-253(experiences.)-260(According)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-286(Diodorus,)-294(her)-286(priests)-286(could)-285(point)-286(to)-286(numberless)-285(proofs)-286(of)-285(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-320(of)-321(the)-320(great)-320(goddess)-320(to)-320(cure)-321(the)-320(most)-320(inveterate)-320(disease.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([462])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(But)-320(the)-319(great)-320(healer)-319(was,)-337(of)-320(course,)-337(Asclepius.)-458(The)-320(remains)-319(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.56 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.747 Td [(2386)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Pausan.)-250(ix.)-250(39,)-250(\247)-250(4;)-250(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 109.084 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.426 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -144.205 -7.31 Td [(2387)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.915 0 Td [(De)-243(Def.)-247(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.417 0 Td [(c.)-248(41-46;)-245(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.416 0 Td [(Apoll.)-248(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.241 0 Td [(i.)-248(8;)-245(cf.)-247(Maury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.89 0 Td [(La)-243(Magie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.554 0 Td [(,)]TJ -278.389 -10.959 Td [(p.)-250(237.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2388)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.536 -7.311 Td [(2389)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)-250(xvi.)-250(i.;)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 96.146 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(ii.)-250(37;)-250(vi.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -157.17 -7.31 Td [(2390)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-250(a)-250(list)-250(in)-250(Tertullian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 83.683 0 Td [(De)-250(Anima)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(46.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -134.485 -7.311 Td [(2391)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Strab.)-250(xvii.)-250(17)-250(\0501052\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2392)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Diod.)-250(Sic.)-250(i.)-250(25.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2393)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.127 0 Td [(i.)-250(58.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2481 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2482 0 R /Resources 2480 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2462 0 R >> endobj 2483 0 obj << /D [2481 0 R /XYZ 251.896 192.994 null] >> endobj 2480 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2486 0 obj << /Length 4831 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(559)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(his)-334(splendid)-334(shrine)-334(at)-334(Epidaurus)-334(are)-334(a)-334(revelation)-334(at)-334(once)-334(of)-333(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fame)-251(and)-251(power,)-250(and)-251(of)-251(the)-251(scenes)-250(and)-251(occupations)-251(in)-251(which)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devout)-231(health-seekers)-231(passed)-230(their)-231(days)-231(and)-230(nights.)-244(In)-231(his)-230(temple)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-262(the)-261(island)-262(in)-262(the)-262(Tiber,)-264(dreams)-262(of)-262(healing)-261(were)-262(still)-262(sought)-261(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-278(time)-277(of)-278(Iamblichus.)-333(His)-277(shrine)-278(at)-278(Pergamum,)-284(which)-278(was)-277(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scene)-243(of)-244(so)-243(many)-243(of)-244(the)-243(strange)-243(visions)-244(of)-243(Aristides,)-245(in)-243(his)-243(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-272(of)-273(struggle)-272(with)-272(disease,)-278(was)-272(one)-273(of)-272(the)-272(most)-273(famous,)-277(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-279(inspired)-278(dreams)-279(were)-278(sought)-279(long)-279(afterwards)-278(by)-279(the)-278(emperor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Caracalla.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.92 3.958 Td [(2394)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -31.964 -18.82 Td [(It)-315(would)-315(be)-315(idle)-316(to)-315(speculate)-315(on)-315(the)-315(relative)-315(effects)-315(of)-315(sound)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(medical)-225(treatment)-226(and)-225(of)-225(superstition,)-230(stimulated)-226(by)-225(more)-225(or)-225(less)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pious)-323(arts,)-341(upon)-323(the)-323(constitution)-323(of)-323(the)-323(sufferer.)-469(The)-323(virtues)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(herb)-181(or)-182(mineral)-181(drug,)-195(of)-182(regulated)-181(food)-182(and)-181(abstinence,)-195(of)-181(bathing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-257(naturally)-257(medicated)-257(waters,)-258(above)-257(all)-257(of)-257(a)-257(continual)-256(freshness)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-330(the)-329(air,)-350(must)-329(have)-330(become)-329(a)-330(tradition)-330(in)-329(these)-330(sacred)-329(homes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-344(the)-345(god)-344(of)-345(health.)-533(Physical)-344(disease)-345(is)-344(often)-345(rooted)-344(in)-344(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disorder,)-437(and)-400(for)-400(such)-400(troubled,)-437(tainted)-400(souls,)-438(with)-399(hereditary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poison)-400(in)-400(vein)-400(and)-399(nerve,)-438(the)-400(bright)-399(cheerfulness,)-438(the)-399(orderly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(calm)-335(and)-335(confidence)-334(of)-335(the)-335(ritual,)-356(which)-334(had)-335(such)-335(a)-335(charm)-334(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-398(soul)-398(of)-398(Plutarch,)-434(may)-398(have)-398(exorcised,)-435(for)-398(the)-398(time,)-434(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-349(evil)-349(spirit,)-373(and)-349(wiped)-348(out)-349(the)-349(memory)-349(of)-348(old)-349(sins.)-546(Soothed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-418(relieved)-419(in)-418(mind)-419(and)-418(body,)-460(the)-419(sufferer)-418(lay)-419(in)-418(the)-418(dimly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lighted)-261(corridor,)-264(sinking)-261(to)-261(sleep,)-264(with)-261(a)-261(confidence)-261(that)-261(the)-261(god)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-275(somehow)-274(make)-275(his)-275(power)-274(felt)-275(in)-275(visions)-274(of)-275(the)-275(night.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2395)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Through)-427(a)-427(sliding)-426(panel,)-471(hidden)-427(in)-427(the)-426(wall,)-471(a)-427(dim)-427(figure)-426(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gracious)-240(aspect)-240(might)-241(glide)-240(to)-240(the)-240(side)-241(of)-240(his)-240(couch,)-242(and)-240(whisper)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strange)-405(sweet)-404(words)-405(of)-405(comfort.)-714(But)-405(in)-405(many)-404(cases,)-444(there)-404(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-316(need)-315(to)-316(assume)-315(the)-316(existence)-316(of)-315(sanctified)-316(imposture.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.441 3.959 Td [(2396)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.313 -3.959 Td [(A)]TJ -272.754 -13.549 Td [(debilitated)-396(frame,)-431(nerves)-396(shattered)-396(by)-395(prolonged)-396(suffering,)-431(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imagination)-288(excited)-287(by)-288(sacred)-288(litany,)-297(ghostly)-287(counsels)-288(and)-287(tales)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-215(miracle,)-223(the)-215(all-pervading)-215(atmosphere)-216(of)-215(an)-215(immemorial)-215(faith,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.086 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.274 Td [(2394)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Wolff,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(De)-250(Nov.)-250(Orac.)-250(Aet.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 70.968 0 Td [(p.)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -111.558 -7.394 Td [(2395)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Caton,)-250(p.)-250(28.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2396)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Diod.)-250(Sic.)-250(i.)-250(25.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2485 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2486 0 R /Resources 2484 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2487 0 R >> endobj 2484 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2490 0 obj << /Length 5257 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(560)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(may)-223(easily)-223(have)-223(engendered)-223(visions)-223(which)-223(seemed)-223(to)-223(come)-223(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-250(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.622 3.959 Td [(2397)]TJ -136.377 -3.959 Td [([463])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -14.434 Td [(But)-541(from)-540(whatever)-541(source)-541(the)-540(visions)-541(came,)-613(they)-541(had)-540(a)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(powerful)-597(effect)-596(on)-597(the)-597(imagination,)-683(and,)-683(through)-597(that,)-683(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-537(bodily)-536(health.)-1110(Some)-536(of)-537(the)-536(prescriptions)-537(indeed)-536(given)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-546(these)-546(voices)-546(of)-545(the)-546(night)-546(may)-546(seem)-546(to)-546(us)-546(ludicrous)-545(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(positively)-246(dangerous.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.282 3.959 Td [(2398)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.151 -3.959 Td [(But)-246(the)-246(tone)-246(and)-245(surroundings)-246(of)-246(these)]TJ -112.433 -13.549 Td [(shrines,)-329(and)-313(the)-313(sense)-313(of)-313(being)-313(encompassed)-313(by)-313(Divine)-312(as)-313(well)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-443(human)-443(sympathy,)-491(probably)-442(counteracted)-443(any)-443(ill)-443(effects)-442(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quackery.)-943(The)-481(calm,)-539(serene)-481(order,)-538(which)-481(the)-481(hieratic)-481(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cultivates)-332(at)-332(its)-332(best,)-353(the)-332(cheerful)-332(routine)-332(of)-332(the)-332(sacred)-332(service,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blending)-411(indistinguishably)-411(with)-412(the)-411(ministry)-411(to)-411(suffering,)-451(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consecrating)-416(and)-416(ennobling)-415(it,)-457(the)-416(confidence)-416(inspired)-416(by)-415(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sedate)-519(cheerfulness)-520(of)-519(the)-520(priests)-519(and)-520(attendants,)-586(reinforced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-507(the)-507(countless)-507(cases)-507(of)-507(miraculous)-507(cures)-507(recorded)-507(on)-507(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(walls,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.757 3.959 Td [(2399)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.438 -3.959 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(all)-434(this)-434(must)-434(have)-434(had)-434(a)-434(powerful)-434(and)-434(beneficent)]TJ -53.104 -13.549 Td [(influence.)-1418(And)-639(the)-639(visitors)-640(were)-639(not)-639(all)-640(invalids.)-1417(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(games)-515(and)-515(festivals)-514(drew)-515(together)-515(many)-515(merely)-515(for)-514(society)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-353(amusement.)-561(The)-353(theatre)-354(at)-353(Epidaurus)-354(must)-353(have)-353(provided)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(constant)-192(entertainment)-193(for)-192(a)-193(far)-192(larger)-192(concourse)-193(than)-192(the)-192(patients)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-488(the)-489(temple.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.495 3.959 Td [(2400)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.965 -3.959 Td [(A)-488(healthy)-488(regimen,)-548(which)-489(is)-488(abundantly)]TJ -92.46 -13.549 Td [(attested,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.055 3.959 Td [(2401)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.902 -3.959 Td [(with)-304(the)-304(charms)-304(of)-304(art)-304(and)-304(surrounding)-304(beauties)-304(of)]TJ -55.957 -13.549 Td [(hill)-395(and)-395(woodland,)-431(tended)-395(of)-395(themselves)-395(to)-395(restore)-395(peace)-394(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(balance)-332(to)-332(disordered)-333(nerves.)-496(And)-332(the)-332(social)-333(life,)-352(especially)-332(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Greeks,)-191(was)-177(probably)-177(the)-177(most)-177(potent)-177(influence)-176(of)-177(all.)-226(We)-177(can)-176(see)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-297(Aristides)-298(that)-297(troublesome)-297(cases)-297(were)-298(watched)-297(by)-297(a)-297(circle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-369(curious)-369(sympathisers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.953 3.959 Td [(2402)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.066 -3.959 Td [(In)-369(those)-369(marble)-370(seats,)-399(which)-369(can)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.279 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.467 Td [(2397)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Wolff,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.251 0 Td [(De)-460(Nov.)-881(Orac.)-881(Aet.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 86.053 0 Td [(p.)-881(31,)-513(Ejus)-460(sacerdotes)-460(fraudibus)-461(famosi)]TJ -126.26 -10.959 Td [(opportune)-390(Isidis)-389(templo)-390(Pompeiano)-390(culpae)-389(convicti)-390(sunt;)-460(ubi)-389(ipse)-390(scalinam)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(vidi)-250(secretam,)-250(etc.)-250(Maury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 95.869 0 Td [(La)-250(Magie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.619 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(237-8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -133.227 -7.31 Td [(2398)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Maury,)-250(p.)-250(240.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2399)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-250(a)-250(list)-250(in)-250(Caton,)-250(p.)-250(36)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2400)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Caton,)-250(p.)-250(28;)-250(Pausan.)-250(ii.)-250(27,)-250(\247)-250(5;)-250(cf.)-250(Strab.)-250(viii.)-250(6,)-250(\247)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2401)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Caton,)-250(pp.)-250(40,)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2402)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baumgart,)-250(p.)-250(101.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2489 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2490 0 R /Resources 2488 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2487 0 R >> endobj 2491 0 obj << /D [2489 0 R /XYZ 93.543 504.484 null] >> endobj 2488 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2494 0 obj << /Length 8406 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(561)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(still)-198(be)-198(seen)-198(on)-198(the)-198(site,)-209(many)-198(a)-198(group,)-208(through)-198(many)-198(generations,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-253(have)-253(sat)-253(listening)-253(to)-253(music)-253(or)-253(recitation,)-254(or)-253(discussing)-252(high)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themes)-270(of)-270(life)-271(and)-270(death,)-275(or)-270(amused)-271(with)-270(the)-270(more)-270(trivial)-270(gossip)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(all)-250(gatherings)-250(of)-250(men.)]TJ 11.956 -14.241 Td [(Amid)-292(such)-293(scenes)-292(Aristides)-293(spent)-292(thirteen)-293(years)-292(of)-293(the)-292(prime)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-264(his)-264(manhood.)-293(With)-264(all)-264(the)-264(egotism)-264(of)-264(the)-264(self-pitying)-264(invalid,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-327(has)-327(recorded)-327(the)-327(minutest)-326(details)-327(of)-327(his)-327(ailments.)-481(He)-326(seems)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-418(have)-417(been)-418(disordered)-417(in)-418(every)-418(organ,)-459(dropsical,)-459(asthmatic,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dyspeptic,)-248(with)-247(a)-247(tumour)-248(of)-247(portentous)-247(size,)-248(and)-247(agonising)-247(pains)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-376(reduced)-376(him)-376(to)-377(the)-376(extremity)-376(of)-376(weakness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.138 3.959 Td [(2403)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.294 -3.959 Td [(But)-376(the)]TJ -247.432 -13.549 Td [(extraordinary)-408(toughness)-408(and)-408(vitality)-408(of)-408(the)-408(man)-408(is)-408(even)-408(more)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([464])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(striking)-442(than)-443(his)-442(sufferings.)-826(Aristides)-443(regarded)-442(health)-442(as)-442(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greatest)-290(of)-290(all)-290(blessings,)-300(the)-290(condition)-290(on)-290(which)-290(the)-290(value)-290(of)-289(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-225(blessings)-225(depends.)-242(And)-225(he)-225(acted)-225(on)-226(the)-225(belief.)-241(His)-225(hundred)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(days)-397(journey)-396(to)-397(Rome)-396(is)-397(a)-396(miracle)-397(of)-396(endurance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 223.953 3.959 Td [(2404)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.961 -3.959 Td [(Racked)]TJ -247.914 -13.549 Td [(with)-301(fever)-302(and)-301(asthma,)-314(unable)-302(to)-301(take)-301(any)-302(food)-301(except)-301(milk,)-314(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(struggled)-316(along,)-332(alternately)-316(through)-316(plains)-316(turned)-316(into)-316(lakes,)-332(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(across)-250(the)-250(frozen)-250(Hebrus,)-250(amid)-250(storm)-250(or)-250(rain)-250(or)-250(freezing)-250(cold.)]TJ 11.956 -14.24 Td [(The)-545(effects)-544(of)-545(this)-544(journey)-545(in)-544(aggravated)-545(suffering)-544(from)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(asthma,)-636(dropsy,)-637(nervous)-559(agony,)-636(are)-559(described)-559(with)-559(painful)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vividness.)-873(They)-457(were)-458(dealt)-457(with)-457(by)-458(the)-457(Roman)-458(surgeons)-457(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-421(fashion)-420(which)-421(makes)-420(one)-420(wonder)-421(how)-420(the)-421(patient)-420(survived)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-318(laceration.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.209 3.959 Td [(2405)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.396 -3.959 Td [(The)-318(invalid)-318(hastened)-318(home)-319(to)-318(Asia)-318(by)-318(sea.)]TJ -90.605 -13.549 Td [(The)-497(voyage)-498(was)-497(long)-497(and)-498(weary,)-559(a)-497(very)-498(Odyssey)-497(of)-497(storm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-392(wandering.)-676(Aristides)-391(reached)-392(Smyrna)-392(in)-392(mid-winter,)-427(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all)-384(the)-384(physicians)-384(were)-384(puzzled)-384(to)-384(find)-384(any)-384(alleviation)-384(for)-383(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(troubles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.877 3.959 Td [(2406)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.47 -3.959 Td [(Henceforth)-290(he)-290(passed,)-300(for)-289(thirteen)-290(years,)-300(from)-290(one)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.042 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.229 Td [(2403)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.841 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(536-538)-250(\050Jebb,)-250(t.)-250(i.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -71.981 -7.31 Td [(2404)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.567 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.503 0 Td [(537,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.756 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.334 0 Td [(\262\301\277\302)-591(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.888 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.955 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\300\265\257\301\311\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.301 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.717 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.765 0 Td [(\272\301\271\303\304\254\273\273\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.823 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.542 0 Td [(\300\265\264\257\261)-591(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.715 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.863 -10.959 Td [(\273\271\274\275\254\266\277\275\304\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.608 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.348 -7.395 Td [(2405)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.923 0 Td [(538,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 17.91 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.849 0 Td [(\304\255\273\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.479 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.455 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)-247(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.485 0 Td [(\261\304\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.314 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.85 0 Td [(\272\261\304\255\304\265\274\275\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.126 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272)-247(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.106 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.76 0 Td [(\303\304\256\270\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.286 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\276\254\274\265\275\277\271)-247(\300\254\275\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -222.717 -10.959 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\276)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.928 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\307\301\271)-250(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.524 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.755 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\272\315\303\304\271\275)-250(\272\261\304\311)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.884 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -137.89 -7.31 Td [(2406)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.379 0 Td [(541,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 19.718 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\265)-409(\262\277\267\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.249 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-409(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.981 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\307\277\275)-409(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.503 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.291 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\275\316\301\271\266\277\275)-409(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.117 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-409(\300\277\271\272\271\273\257\261\275)-409(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 51.39 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-409(\275\314\303\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.634 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.388 -10.959 Td [(\304\277\303\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.072 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\275)-273(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 19.612 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.437 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-273(\303\305\275\255\264\277\276\265\275)-274(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 51.357 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-273(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.965 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-273(\300\267\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.873 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-273(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.965 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-273(\270\265\301\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.468 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\302)-273(\272\277\274\257\303\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.246 0 Td [(.)-273(Cf.)-320(514,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 36.966 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.,)]TJ -276.146 -10.959 Td [(and)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.189 0 Td [(Collect.)-250(Hist.)-250(ad)-250(an.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 74.474 0 Td [(160,)-250(in)-250(Jebb)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 43.586 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(Ed.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2493 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2494 0 R /Resources 2492 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2487 0 R >> endobj 2495 0 obj << /D [2493 0 R /XYZ 213.65 381.992 null] >> endobj 2496 0 obj << /D [2493 0 R /XYZ 309.755 77.101 null] >> endobj 2492 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2499 0 obj << /Length 6586 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(562)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(temple)-437(to)-436(another,)-484(at)-436(the)-437(bidding)-437(of)-436(the)-437(gods)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 209.812 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(from)-437(Smyrna)]TJ -220.721 -13.549 Td [(to)-437(Pergamum,)-484(or)-436(Chios,)-484(or)-437(Cyzicus,)-484(or)-436(Epidaurus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 230.939 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(enduring)]TJ -241.848 -13.549 Td [(often)-463(frightful)-462(hardships)-463(by)-463(land)-462(or)-463(sea.)-888(The)-463(description)-462(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-535(sufferings)-536(sometimes)-535(excites)-535(the)-536(suspicion)-535(that)-535(a)-535(warm)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imagination)-285(and)-284(the)-285(vanity)-284(of)-285(the)-285(literary)-284(artist)-285(have)-284(heightened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-205(effect.)-236(A)-205(tumour)-205(of)-206(monstrous)-205(size,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.287 3.959 Td [(2407)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.777 -3.959 Td [(agonies)-205(of)-206(palpitation)]TJ -187.064 -13.549 Td [(and)-652(breathlessness,)-753(the)-652(torture)-653(of)-652(dyspepsia,)-753(vertigo,)-752(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(neuralgia)-497(which)-497(doubled)-496(up)-497(his)-497(limbs,)-558(and)-497(seemed)-497(to)-496(bend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-354(spine)-353(outward)-354(like)-353(a)-354(bow)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.389 3.958 Td [(2408)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.438 -3.958 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(these)-354(are)-353(only)-354(a)-353(few)-354(of)-354(the)]TJ -158.736 -13.55 Td [(morbid)-250(horrors)-250(which)-250(afflicted)-250(him.)]TJ 11.955 -17.048 Td [(The)-517(divine)-516(prescriptions)-517(were)-516(often)-517(as)-516(astounding)-517(as)-517(the)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(malady)-386(was)-386(severe.)-658(Fresh)-386(air,)-420(exercise,)-420(bathing)-386(in)-386(the)-386(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wells,)-214(fasting)-204(and)-205(abstinence,)-213(indeed,)-214(may)-205(often)-204(have)-205(been)-204(sound)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(treatment.)-789(But)-429(to)-430(these)-430(were)-429(added)-430(astonishing)-429(prescriptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-329(food)-328(or)-329(drugs,)-348(purgings)-329(and)-329(blood-letting)-328(which)-329(drained)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(body)-395(of)-394(its)-395(slight)-394(remaining)-395(strength,)-431(and)-394(which)-395(horrified)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attendant)-352(physicians.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.615 3.959 Td [(2409)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.495 -3.959 Td [(But)-352(these)-351(were)-352(not)-352(the)-352(worst.)-555(Again)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -187.866 0 Td [([465])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(and)-235(again,)-237(Aristides)-235(was)-235(enjoined,)-237(when)-235(in)-235(a)-234(high)-235(fever,)-238(to)-234(bathe)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(two)-275(or)-276(three)-275(times)-276(in)-275(an)-276(ice-cold)-275(river)-275(running)-276(in)-275(full)-276(flood,)-281(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-400(race)-401(a)-400(mile)-400(at)-400(full)-401(speed)-400(in)-400(the)-400(face)-401(of)-400(a)-400(northerly)-400(gale.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-443(obeyed)-443(in)-443(spite)-443(of)-444(all)-443(remonstrance,)-491(and)-443(the)-443(doctors)-443(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-298(anxious)-299(friends)-298(could)-298(only)-299(follow)-298(him)-298(to)-299(await)-298(the)-298(result)-298(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-359(extraordinary)-360(remedies.)-578(Strange)-359(to)-359(relate,)-387(their)-359(fears)-359(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forebodings)-231(proved)-231(groundless.)-244(Religious)-231(excitement,)-234(combined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-443(immense)-442(vanity)-443(and)-442(a)-443(strange)-442(vitality,)-491(carried)-442(Aristides)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(victoriously)-334(through)-334(these)-335(ordeals,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.651 3.959 Td [(2410)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.314 -3.959 Td [(and)-334(his)-334(friends)-335(received)]TJ -173.965 -13.549 Td [(him)-207(at)-206(their)-207(close,)-215(with)-206(an)-207(indescribable)-206(genial)-207(warmth)-206(spreading)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-197(his)-196(whole)-197(body,)-207(and)-197(a)-197(lightness)-196(and)-197(cheerfulness)-197(of)-196(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-384(more)-383(than)-384(rewarded)-383(him)-384(for)-384(these)-383(strange)-384(hardships)-383(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.269 Td [(2407)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(504.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2408)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.487 0 Td [(554,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.101 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.241 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.543 0 Td [(\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.141 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\270\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.372 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\276\311)-532(\300\261\301\265\311\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.97 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\277)-533(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.377 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.413 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.242 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\304\277\275)-533(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.409 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-532(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.753 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\271\303\270\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -256.206 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\304\265\303\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.169 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.562 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\301\255\274\265\271)-250(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.823 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.008 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-250(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.108 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\303\316\274\261\304\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.081 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -169.2 -7.31 Td [(2409)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Arist.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(501-3,)-250(506,)-250(531,)-250(532.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.555 -7.311 Td [(2410)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(521.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2498 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2499 0 R /Resources 2497 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2487 0 R >> endobj 2500 0 obj << /D [2498 0 R /XYZ 279.542 297.889 null] >> endobj 2497 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2503 0 obj << /Length 5114 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(563)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(superstition.)]TJ 11.956 -15.938 Td [(The)-514(faith)-515(of)-514(Aristides)-515(must)-514(have)-515(been)-514(very)-515(robust.)-1043(His)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(tortures)-275(lasted)-275(for)-274(nearly)-275(thirteen)-275(years,)-281(during)-275(which)-275(the)-274(divine)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(prescriptions)-422(only)-422(seemed)-422(to)-423(add)-422(to)-422(their)-422(poignancy.)-766(But)-422(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-436(upheld)-436(by)-435(the)-436(belief)-436(that)-436(he)-436(was)-435(a)-436(special)-436(object)-436(of)-435(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine)-531(favour,)-600(and)-531(he)-531(persistently)-530(followed)-531(Divine)-530(recipes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-317(ordinary)-317(human)-317(skill)-317(and)-317(prudence)-317(would)-317(have)-316(rejected.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(No)-458(doubts,)-510(such)-459(as)-458(troubled)-458(his)-458(attendants,)-510(ever)-458(crossed)-458(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mind.)-993(How)-498(far)-498(his)-498(illness)-497(was)-498(prolonged)-498(by)-498(this)-497(obstinate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adherence)-388(to)-388(the)-388(illusions)-388(of)-388(sleep)-387(and)-388(superstition,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 233.534 3.959 Td [(2411)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.046 -3.959 Td [(in)-388(the)]TJ -254.58 -13.549 Td [(face)-326(of)-325(expert)-325(advice,)-345(is)-325(a)-326(matter)-325(on)-326(which)-325(it)-326(would)-325(be)-325(useless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-347(speculate.)-539(It)-347(is)-346(probable)-346(that)-347(the)-346(imagination)-347(and)-346(exuberant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vanity)-367(of)-367(Aristides)-367(made)-368(him)-367(a)-367(more)-367(difficult)-367(patient)-367(than)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ordinary)-465(people)-464(who)-465(frequented)-465(these)-464(shrines)-465(of)-465(healing.)-893(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-426(also)-427(evident)-426(that)-427(there)-426(was)-426(a)-427(body)-426(of)-426(more)-427(or)-426(less)-426(skilled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(medical)-292(opinion)-293(connected)-292(with)-292(the)-292(cult)-292(of)-293(Asclepius.)-376(Practical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physicians)-381(came)-381(to)-382(the)-381(temples,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.195 3.959 Td [(2412)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.955 -3.959 Td [(with)-381(the)-381(benevolence)-382(and)]TJ -165.15 -13.549 Td [(the)-446(curiosity)-445(of)-446(their)-445(craft)-446(in)-446(all)-445(ages,)-495(to)-445(observe)-446(and)-445(study,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-390(to)-389(advise)-390(a)-389(cautious)-390(interpretation)-389(of)-390(the)-389(revelations)-390(of)-389(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(night.)-465(Aristides)-321(has)-322(preserved)-322(the)-321(names)-322(of)-321(some)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 220.936 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Theodotus,)]TJ -231.845 -13.549 Td [(Asclepiacus,)-474(and)-430(Satyrus.)-789(Long)-429(observation)-430(of)-429(the)-430(freaks)-429(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(individual)-417(temperament)-418(and)-417(constitution)-417(must)-417(have)-417(suggested)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-385(thoughtful)-385(minds,)-418(with)-385(some)-385(instincts)-385(of)-385(scientific)-384(method,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-426(the)-427(supernatural)-426(vision)-427(should)-426(be)-426(interpreted)-427(in)-426(the)-426(light)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(experience.)-592(An)-364(awful)-364(dream)-364(of)-364(Aristides)-364(that)-364(all)-364(his)-364(bones)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-364(sinews)-364(must)-364(be)-364(excised,)-393(turned,)-392(in)-364(the)-364(hands)-364(of)-364(a)-364(faithful)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([466])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(attendant,)-219(into)-211(a)-210(prediction)-211(of)-211(renewed)-211(vitality.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.34 3.959 Td [(2413)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.023 -3.959 Td [(And)-211(although)]TJ -221.363 -13.549 Td [(some)-536(of)-537(the)-536(nurses,)-608(to)-536(whom)-536(he)-536(is)-536(so)-537(grateful,)-607(confirmed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-475(visions)-476(by)-475(precisely)-475(similar)-476(revelations)-475(of)-475(their)-476(own,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2414)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(others,)-437(of)-399(the)-400(more)-399(skilled)-400(physicians,)-437(openly)-399(blamed)-400(his)-399(too)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.31 Td [(2411)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(504-5,)-250(541-2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2412)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baumgart,)-250(p.)-250(101;)-250(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 96.388 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(p.)-250(550)-250(\050Jebb,)-250(t.)-250(i.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -125.528 -7.31 Td [(2413)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(553;)-250(Baumgart,)-250(p.)-250(99.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.311 Td [(2414)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(506,)-250(515;)-250(cf.)-250(Baumgart,)-250(p.)-250(122.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2502 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2503 0 R /Resources 2501 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2487 0 R >> endobj 2504 0 obj << /D [2502 0 R /XYZ 46.771 177.056 null] >> endobj 2501 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2507 0 obj << /Length 6016 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(564)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(confident)-377(reliance)-376(on)-377(his)-377(dreams,)-408(and)-377(his)-376(unwillingness)-377(to)-376(try)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-488(effect)-487(of)-488(more)-488(scientific)-488(treatment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.193 3.959 Td [(2415)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.946 -3.959 Td [(Their)-488(proposals,)]TJ -207.139 -13.549 Td [(however,)-491(were)-444(sometimes)-443(so)-443(severe)-443(and)-443(heroic)-443(that)-443(we)-443(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(excuse)-157(him)-158(for)-157(preferring)-157(on)-158(the)-157(whole)-157(the)-158(more)-157(patient)-157(and)-157(gentle)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(methods)-291(of)-291(the)-291(god.)-373(The)-291(sufferer)-291(was)-291(sometimes)-291(favoured)-291(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(epiphanies)-221(of)-221(Athene,)-226(Apollo,)-227(Serapis,)-226(and)-221(other)-221(great)-220(divinities,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exalting)-361(him)-361(far)-361(above)-361(the)-361(rank)-361(of)-361(common)-361(votaries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.045 3.959 Td [(2416)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.8 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(Asclepius)-277(himself,)-283(to)-277(whom)-276(his)-277(special)-277(devotion)-276(was)-277(given,)-283(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-365(lightened)-365(his)-365(physical)-365(tortures,)-394(although)-365(after)-365(long)-365(years,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(but)-390(endowed)-389(him)-390(with)-389(hitherto)-390(unknown)-389(powers)-390(of)-389(rhetorical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(skill)-396(and)-397(readiness.)-689(The)-396(god)-397(became)-396(the)-396(patron)-397(of)-396(his)-396(whole)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(professional)-319(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.078 3.959 Td [(2417)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.439 -3.959 Td [(And)-319(Aristides)-320(regarded)-319(him)-320(as)-319(the)-320(source)]TJ -95.517 -13.549 Td [(of)-241(fresh)-240(inspiration,)-242(in)-241(the)-240(exercise)-241(of)-240(that)-241(wordcraft)-240(of)-241(which)-240(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-299(the)-298(greatest)-299(master)-298(in)-299(his)-298(time.)-395(It)-299(is)-298(not)-299(hard)-298(to)-299(discern)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(meaning)-177(of)-178(this)-177(self-deception.)-226(Before)-177(Aristides)-177(began)-178(to)-177(visit)-177(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temples)-206(of)-206(the)-207(god,)-214(he)-207(was)-206(already)-206(a)-206(finished)-206(rhetor,)-215(possessed)-206(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-223(the)-223(skill)-223(which)-223(the)-223(Greek)-223(schools)-224(could)-223(impart.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.326 3.959 Td [(2418)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.959 Td [(Prostrated)]TJ -236.394 -13.549 Td [(by)-349(bodily)-350(suffering)-349(for)-349(years,)-374(cut)-350(off)-349(from)-349(that)-350(life)-349(of)-349(brilliant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(display,)-285(which)-277(was)-278(so)-278(lavishly)-277(rewarded)-278(by)-278(applauding)-277(crowds,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-378(vain)-378(and)-378(ambitious)-378(declaimer)-378(had)-378(lost)-378(not)-378(only)-378(his)-378(bodily)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(health,)-532(but)-476(all)-476(the)-476(joy)-475(and)-476(excitement)-476(of)-476(rhetorical)-475(triumph.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Suddenly)-505(he)-505(found)-505(his)-505(balance)-506(restored;)-632(the)-505(tide)-505(of)-505(energy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(returned)-369(to)-368(its)-369(old)-369(channels.)-605(He)-369(could)-369(once)-368(more)-369(draw)-368(music)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-253(the)-253(almost)-252(forgotten)-253(instrument.)-259(He)-252(had)-253(once)-253(more)-253(the)-252(full)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lecture-hall)-262(under)-262(his)-262(spell.)-287(What)-262(wonder)-262(that)-262(he)-262(should)-262(feel)-262(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(powers)-251(redoubled)-251(when)-251(they)-251(were)-251(recovered,)-251(and)-251(that)-251(he)-251(should)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.001 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.104 Td [(2415)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.668 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.204 0 Td [(505,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 20.131 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.637 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(r)-446(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.533 0 Td [(\275\265\272\254\273\277\305\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.883 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-446(\273\257\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.281 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\261\275\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.533 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.637 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.657 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275\265\257\301\261\303\271)]TJ -253.767 -10.959 Td [(\300\277\271\277\305\274\255\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.974 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -60.635 -7.31 Td [(2416)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(529.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2417)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baumgart,)-477(p.)-795(64,)-477(und)-432(dabei)-431(entwickelte)-432(sich)-432(der)-431(Glaube,)-477(dass)-432(er)-432(dem)]TJ -11.955 -10.959 Td [(Asklepios)-317(alles)-317(verdanke,)-334(Leib,)-334(Leben,)-334(und)-317(speciell)-317(die)-317(Gabe)-317(der)-317(Rede,)-334(etc.;)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(cf.)-284(p.)-284(68,)-264(erhebt)-261(er)-262(ihn)-261(auch)-261(als)-261(den)-262(eigentlichen)-261(Verleiher)-261(und)-262(Spender)-261(seiner)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(rednerischen)-284(Gaben,)-293(etc.,)-293(p.)-354(69,)-293(er)-284(dem)-284(Gotte)-285(einen)-284(st\344rkeren)-285(und)-284(bleibenden)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Einfluss)-250(auch)-250(auf)-250(die)-250(Gestaltung)-250(seines)-250(inneren)-250(Lebens)-250(zuschreibt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2418)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(p.)-250(69.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2506 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2507 0 R /Resources 2505 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2487 0 R >> endobj 2505 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2510 0 obj << /Length 6762 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(565)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(regard)-268(the)-268(god)-269(who)-268(had)-268(healed)-268(his)-269(bodily)-268(ailments)-268(as)-268(the)-268(author)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(a)-250(fresh)-250(literary)-250(inspiration?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([467])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -15.27 Td [(The)-476(debt)-477(was)-476(repaid)-477(in)-476(these)-477(Sacred)-476(Orations.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.246 3.959 Td [(2419)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.577 -3.959 Td [(Some)]TJ -255.779 -13.549 Td [(treat)-308(them)-307(as)-308(the)-307(expression)-308(of)-307(a)-308(genuine)-307(mystical)-308(piety,)-321(others)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-451(inclined)-451(to)-452(think)-451(that)-451(the)-451(incorrigible)-451(rhetorician)-451(is)-451(quite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-421(evident)-421(as)-421(the)-421(pious)-420(votary.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 140.82 3.958 Td [(2420)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.758 -3.958 Td [(It)-421(would)-421(be)-421(an)-421(excess)-420(of)]TJ -165.578 -13.55 Td [(scepticism)-269(to)-269(doubt)-270(that)-269(Aristides)-269(believed)-269(in)-269(his)-269(visions,)-274(and)-269(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-294(beneficent)-293(power)-294(of)-294(the)-294(god,)-304(for)-294(which)-294(he)-293(was)-294(full)-294(of)-293(pious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gratitude.)-245(Yet)-235(the)-234(rhetorical)-235(spirit)-235(of)-234(that)-235(age)-234(was)-235(an)-235(influence)-234(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(singular)-299(intensity.)-395(It)-299(mastered)-298(not)-298(only)-299(the)-298(faculty)-299(of)-298(utterance,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-438(the)-438(whole)-438(mind)-438(and)-438(life)-438(of)-438(the)-438(rhetorician.)-814(The)-437(passion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-390(produce)-390(a)-389(startling)-390(or)-390(seductive)-389(effect)-390(on)-390(the)-390(audience)-389(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(become)-233(a)-233(second)-232(nature.)-245(Truth)-232(was)-233(a)-233(secondary)-233(matter,)-236(not)-232(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-184(moral)-185(obliquity,)-197(but)-184(from)-184(the)-185(influence)-184(of)-184(prolonged)-184(training.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-192(so,)-203(we)-192(may)-191(retain)-192(a)-192(belief)-191(in)-192(the)-192(genuine)-191(piety)-192(or)-191(superstition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-341(Aristides,)-364(while)-341(we)-341(may)-342(distrust)-341(his)-341(narrative.)-523(The)-341(piety)-341(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-257(mystic)-256(superstition)-257(may)-256(not)-257(have)-256(been)-257(less)-256(sincere,)-258(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-253(was)-253(mingled)-254(with)-253(egregious)-253(vanity,)-254(and)-253(expressed)-253(itself)-253(in)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(carefully)-358(moulded)-359(and)-358(highly)-359(coloured)-358(phrases)-359(of)-358(the)-358(schools.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nor)-317(should)-318(we)-317(doubt)-317(the)-318(piety)-317(of)-317(Aristides)-318(because)-317(he)-317(deemed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(himself)-276(the)-276(special)-276(object)-276(of)-276(Divine)-276(favour.)-328(On)-276(such)-276(a)-276(principle)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all)-296(prayer)-296(for)-297(personal)-296(benefits)-296(would)-296(become)-296(profane)-296(egotism.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-369(although)-368(Aristides)-369(was)-369(profoundly)-368(conscious)-369(that)-369(he)-368(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-225(first)-224(of)-225(Greek)-225(orators,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.469 3.959 Td [(2421)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.944 -3.959 Td [(he)-225(was)-224(also)-225(profoundly)-225(grateful)-224(for)]TJ -128.413 -13.549 Td [(the)-269(Divine)-268(grace)-269(which)-268(had)-269(renewed)-268(his)-268(powers)-269(for)-268(the)-269(glory)-268(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-327(and)-327(the)-327(delight)-327(and)-326(profit)-327(of)-327(mankind.)-481(Whether)-327(he)-326(would)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-186(been)-185(content)-186(to)-185(enjoy)-186(his)-186(mystic)-185(raptures)-186(without)-185(publishing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-199(to)-199(the)-199(world,)-209(is)-199(a)-199(question)-199(which)-199(will)-199(be)-199(variously)-199(answered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(according)-250(to)-250(the)-250(charity)-250(and)-250(spiritual)-250(experience)-250(of)-250(the)-250(inquirer.)]TJ 11.956 -15.27 Td [(Many)-537(another)-538(less)-537(famous)-537(shrine)-538(than)-537(that)-537(of)-537(Epidaurus)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.149 Td [(2419)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.299 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.167 0 Td [(512,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 17.71 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.474 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.622 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\276)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.891 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.643 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-219(\300\301\277\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.855 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\300\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.992 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.429 0 Td [(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.24 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.622 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\277\263\301\254\306\265\271\275)-219(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.921 0 Td [(p)-219(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.137 0 Td [(\275\265\257\301\261\304\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.504 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -281.128 -7.31 Td [(2420)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baumgart,)-250(pp.)-250(112,)-250(123.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2421)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(On)-247(his)-247(vanity)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.485 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.439 0 Td [(Baumgart,)-248(p.)-249(110.)-249(The)-247(most)-247(glaring)-247(example)-248(is)-247(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 180.125 0 Td [(Or.)-249(Sac.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -251.004 -10.959 Td [(4,)-250(591-2,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.368 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\276\265\262\314\267\303\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.404 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.484 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.658 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\273\255\263\311\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.679 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\270\265\314\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.039 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)-250(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.343 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\306\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.509 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2509 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2510 0 R /Resources 2508 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2512 0 R >> endobj 2511 0 obj << /D [2509 0 R /XYZ 46.771 502.248 null] >> endobj 2508 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2515 0 obj << /Length 7283 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(566)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(offered)-373(this)-374(kind)-373(of)-373(revelation.)-620(The)-373(gods)-374(were)-373(liberal)-373(in)-373(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prophetic)-394(gifts)-394(in)-394(that)-394(age,)-430(and)-394(dreams)-394(were)-394(as)-394(freely)-394(sent)-393(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-224(were)-225(generally)-224(expected.)-242(There)-224(is)-224(no)-225(more)-224(striking)-224(example)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-384(the)-384(superstition)-384(of)-384(the)-384(age)-384(than)-384(the)-384(treatise)-384(of)-383(Artemidorus)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-320(the)-320(interpretation)-320(of)-320(dreams.)-460(Artemidorus)-320(lived)-320(towards)-320(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(end)-317(of)-317(the)-317(second)-316(century.)-451(He)-317(was)-317(a)-316(native)-317(of)-317(Ephesus,)-334(but)-316(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(called)-341(himself)-340(Daldianus,)-363(in)-341(order)-340(to)-341(share)-340(his)-341(distinction)-340(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-295(obscure)-295(little)-295(town)-295(in)-295(Lydia,)-306(which)-295(was)-295(the)-295(birthplace)-295(of)-294(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([468])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(mother.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.633 3.958 Td [(2422)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.657 -3.958 Td [(The)-418(treatise)-418(is)-417(in)-418(five)-418(books,)-460(three)-418(of)-417(which)-418(are)]TJ -58.29 -13.55 Td [(dedicated)-356(to)-357(Cassius)-356(Maximus,)-383(a)-356(Roman)-357(of)-356(rank,)-383(who)-356(was)-356(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adept)-357(in)-356(this)-357(pretended)-356(science;)-410(the)-356(others)-357(are)-356(inscribed)-357(to)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(son)-221(of)-220(the)-221(author.)-240(In)-220(spite)-221(of)-220(absurd)-221(credulity,)-226(wild)-221(and)-220(perverted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ingenuity)-365(and)-365(a)-365(cold,)-393(quasi-scientific)-365(tolerance)-365(of)-365(some)-365(of)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worst)-267(moral)-268(enormities)-267(of)-268(antiquity,)-271(Artemidorus)-268(seems)-267(to)-267(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-157(an)-157(earnest)-157(and)-157(industrious)-157(man,)-176(who)-157(wrote)-157(with)-157(the)-157(mistaken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(object)-215(of)-215(doing)-215(a)-216(service)-215(both)-215(to)-215(his)-215(own)-215(age)-215(and)-215(to)-216(posterity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2423)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Like)-229(other)-230(pious)-229(men)-230(of)-229(the)-230(time,)-233(he)-230(was)-229(afflicted)-230(by)-229(the)-229(profane)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attitude)-247(of)-247(the)-247(sceptics,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.498 3.959 Td [(2424)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.14 -3.959 Td [(and)-247(determined)-247(to)-247(refute)-247(them)-248(by)-247(the)]TJ -119.638 -13.549 Td [(solid)-369(proofs)-368(of)-369(a)-369(sifted)-368(experience.)-606(He)-369(also)-368(wished)-369(to)-368(furnish)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(guidance)-330(to)-330(the)-330(crowd,)-350(who)-330(believed)-330(in)-330(their)-330(visions,)-350(but)-329(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bewildered)-198(from)-198(the)-198(want)-197(of)-198(clear)-198(canons)-198(of)-198(interpretation.)-232(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-303(evidently)-304(afloat)-303(a)-303(voluminous)-303(oneirocritic)-303(literature.)-410(But)-303(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was,)-267(according)-264(to)-264(Artemidorus,)-267(frequently)-264(wanting)-264(in)-264(depth)-263(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.033 3.959 Td [(2425)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.833 -3.959 Td [(and)-212(random)-212(guesses)-212(had)-212(too)-211(often)-212(been)-212(the)-212(substitute)]TJ -51.866 -13.549 Td [(for)-230(minute,)-233(exhaustive)-230(observation)-229(and)-230(a)-229(clear)-230(scientific)-229(method.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Artemidorus)-345(was)-345(inspired)-345(to)-344(supply)-345(the)-345(want)-345(by)-345(a)-345(vision)-344(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apollo,)-554(his)-493(ancestral)-494(patron.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.943 3.959 Td [(2426)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.128 -3.959 Td [(He)-493(procured)-494(every)-493(known)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.431 Td [(2422)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Artemid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.368 0 Td [(Oneirocrit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.339 0 Td [(iii.)-250(66.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.402 -7.311 Td [(2423)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.057 0 Td [(i.)-620(1,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 20.64 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.054 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-373(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.659 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\307\301\267\303\304\257\261\275)-373(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.275 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.891 0 Td [(\274\314\275\277\275)-373(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.058 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.893 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-373(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.6 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.893 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.054 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.983 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\274\265\304\255\300\265\271\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.143 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\311\274\255\275\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.771 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.121 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -121.248 -7.31 Td [(2424)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Cf.)-250(Tertullian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.296 0 Td [(De)-250(An.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.141 0 Td [(46,)-250(47.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.084 -7.394 Td [(2425)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Artemid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.332 0 Td [(Oneirocrit.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 42.66 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.109 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.849 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.029 0 Td [(\300\265\257\301\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.332 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.549 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\303\307\265\264\271\254\266\277\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.799 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.931 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -266.84 -10.959 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\301\261\306\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.984 0 Td [(.)-250(Praef.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -34.489 -7.311 Td [(2426)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(70,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2514 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2515 0 R /Resources 2513 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2512 0 R >> endobj 2516 0 obj << /D [2514 0 R /XYZ 235.686 423.331 null] >> endobj 2513 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2519 0 obj << /Length 7442 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(567)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(treatise)-328(on)-327(dreams.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.794 3.959 Td [(2427)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.703 -3.959 Td [(He)-327(travelled)-328(all)-328(over)-327(Asia,)-347(Greece,)-347(and)]TJ -105.497 -13.549 Td [(Italy,)-190(and)-176(the)-175(larger)-176(islands,)-190(visiting)-176(the)-175(great)-176(festivals)-175(and)-175(centres)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-193(population,)-204(and)-192(consulting)-193(with)-193(all)-192(the)-193(seers)-193(and)-192(diviners,)-204(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-224(of)-224(the)-223(lowest)-224(repute.)-242(He)-223(took)-224(the)-224(greatest)-224(pains)-224(to)-223(ascertain)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-357(facts)-356(of)-356(the)-357(reported)-356(fulfilment)-357(of)-356(dreams,)-384(and)-356(to)-356(compare)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-336(sift)-336(the)-337(facts)-336(of)-336(his)-336(own)-336(observation.)-509(No)-336(austere)-336(scientific)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(student)-187(of)-188(nature)-187(in)-188(our)-187(day)-187(ever)-188(took)-187(himself)-188(more)-187(seriously)-187(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-315(collector)-316(of)-315(the)-316(wildest)-315(and)-315(foulest)-316(hallucinations)-315(of)-315(pagan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination.)-456(Artemidorus)-318(really)-318(believed)-319(that)-318(he)-319(was)-318(founding)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(an)-250(enduring)-250(science)-250(for)-250(the)-250(guidance)-250(of)-250(all)-250(coming)-250(generations.)]TJ 11.956 -19.117 Td [(Yet)-439(the)-438(foundation)-439(of)-438(it)-439(all)-439(is)-438(essentially)-439(unscientific.)-815(To)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Artemidorus)-497(dreams)-497(are)-497(not)-497(the)-497(result)-497(of)-498(natural)-497(causes,)-558(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-229(st)1(ates,)-233(or)-229(of)-228(the)-229(suggestions)-228(of)-229(memory)-228(and)-228(association.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([469])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(They)-172(are)-173(sent)-172(directly)-173(by)-172(some)-173(god,)-188(as)-172(a)-173(promise)-172(or)-172(warning)-173(of)-172(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(future.)-449(Nor)-316(should)-317(any)-316(apparent)-316(failure)-316(of)-317(the)-316(prediction)-316(tempt)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(us)-231(to)-230(impeach)-231(the)-230(truthfulness)-231(of)-231(the)-230(Divine)-231(author.)-243(Artemidorus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(affirms)-272(as)-271(emphatically)-272(as)-271(Plato,)-277(that)-272(the)-272(gods)-271(can)-272(never)-272(lie.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.191 3.959 Td [(2428)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.191 -17.508 Td [(But)-365(although)-366(they)-365(sometimes)-365(express)-366(themselves)-365(plainly,)-394(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(also)-311(frequently)-311(veil)-312(their)-311(meaning)-311(in)-312(shadowy,)-326(enigmatic)-311(form,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(order)-250(to)-250(test)-250(men)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 84.845 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(faith)-250(and)-250(patience.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.255 3.958 Td [(2429)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.17 -3.958 Td [(Hence)-250(there)-250(is)-250(need)]TJ -194.902 -13.55 Td [(of)-262(skilled)-262(interpretation,)-266(which)-262(demands)-262(the)-262(widest)-262(observation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acute)-362(criticism)-362(combined)-362(with)-363(reverent)-362(faith,)-390(and)-362(deference)-362(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-280(custom)-280(and)-281(traditional)-280(lore.)-341(It)-280(is)-280(curious)-281(to)-280(see)-280(how)-280(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apostle)-335(of)-336(what,)-357(to)-335(our)-336(minds,)-357(is)-335(a)-336(pestilent)-335(superstition,)-357(pours)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-382(scorn)-382(on)-382(the)-381(newer)-382(or)-382(lower)-382(forms)-382(of)-382(divination.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.184 3.958 Td [(2430)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.482 -3.958 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(Pythagorean)-282(dream-readers,)-290(the)-283(interpreters)-282(from)-282(hand)-282(and)-282(face)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-422(form,)-465(the)-423(interpreters)-422(of)-422(sieve)-422(and)-422(dish)-423(and)-422(dice,)-465(are)-422(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deceivers)-232(and)-233(charlatans.)-244(The)-233(old)-232(formulated)-232(and)-233(accredited)-232(lore)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.228 Td [(2427)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(Praef.,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 32.62 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.814 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.565 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\304\271)-250(\262\271\262\273\257\277\275)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.388 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.815 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\304\267\303\254\274\267\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.046 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275\265\271\301\277\272\301\271\304\271\272\314\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.27 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -251.425 -7.311 Td [(2428)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Artemid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.368 0 Td [(Oneirocrit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.339 0 Td [(iv.)-250(71.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.402 -7.311 Td [(2429)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.714 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.711 0 Td [(\300\277\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.037 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.769 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.549 0 Td [(\001)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.451 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-558(\273\255\263\277\305\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.352 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.935 0 Td [(\300\277\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.037 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.769 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.769 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\275\257\303\303\277\275\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.967 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.251 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\265\271\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.413 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.841 -10.958 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.404 0 Td [(\303\277\306\316\304\265\301\277\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.524 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.591 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-532(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.021 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-532(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.779 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.314 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.424 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\262\261\303\261\275\257\303\304\311\302)-531(\262\277\315\273\277\275\304\261\271)]TJ -194.019 -10.959 Td [(\273\261\274\262\254\275\265\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.94 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.68 -7.311 Td [(2430)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(69.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2518 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2519 0 R /Resources 2517 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2512 0 R >> endobj 2520 0 obj << /D [2518 0 R /XYZ 276.194 350.017 null] >> endobj 2517 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2523 0 obj << /Length 4736 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(568)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-225(birds)-226(and)-225(sacrificial)-225(entrails,)-231(of)-225(dreams)-225(and)-226(stars)-225(and)-225(heavenly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(portents,)-409(should)-378(alone)-377(be)-378(accepted)-377(by)-378(an)-377(orthodox)-378(faith.)-632(It)-377(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(needless)-445(to)-445(say)-445(that)-445(Artemidorus)-445(believed)-445(in)-445(astrology)-445(as)-445(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believed)-271(in)-272(oneiromancy.)-314(Both)-271(beliefs)-272(go)-271(back)-271(to)-272(the)-271(infancy)-271(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-329(race,)-349(and)-329(both)-329(extended)-330(their)-329(dominion)-329(far)-329(into)-329(the)-329(Middle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ages.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.146 3.959 Td [(2431)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -13.19 -23.622 Td [(It)-421(would)-421(be)-422(impossible,)-464(in)-421(our)-421(space,)-464(to)-421(give)-421(any)-421(detailed)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(conception)-442(of)-443(the)-442(treatment)-442(of)-443(dreams)-442(by)-442(Artemidorus.)-827(Nor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-306(the)-306(attempt)-306(reward)-306(the)-306(pains;)-334(the)-306(curious)-306(specialist)-306(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(read)-487(the)-486(treatise)-487(for)-486(himself.)-960(He)-486(will)-487(find)-486(in)-487(it)-486(one)-487(of)-486(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-355(astonishing)-354(efforts)-355(of)-354(besotted)-355(credulity)-354(to)-355(disguise)-354(itself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-271(the)-272(forms)-271(of)-272(scientific)-271(inquiry.)-314(He)-271(will)-272(find)-271(an)-271(apparently)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(genuine)-420(piety)-421(united)-420(with)-420(an)-420(unprotesting)-421(record)-420(of)-420(the)-420(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revolting)-285(prurience)-286(of)-285(the)-285(lawless)-285(fancy.)-356(He)-286(will)-285(find)-285(a)-285(subtlety)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-396(formalism)-395(of)-396(system)-395(and)-395(distinction)-396(worthy)-395(of)-396(a)-395(finished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(schoolman)-341(of)-341(the)-340(fourteenth)-341(century,)-363(and)-341(all)-341(employed)-341(to)-340(give)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-516(and)-517(meaning)-516(to)-516(the)-516(wildest)-517(vagaries)-516(of)-516(vulgar)-516(fancy.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-393(classification)-393(of)-393(dreams)-392(by)-393(Artemidorus)-393(is)-393(a)-393(great)-392(effort,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-478(is)-478(followed)-477(out)-478(in)-478(an)-478(exhaustive)-477(order.)-934(Every)-477(possible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subject,)-307(and)-296(many)-295(that)-296(seem)-296(to)-295(a)-296(modern)-296(almost)-295(inconceivable,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-418(catalogued,)-459(each)-418(in)-417(its)-418(proper)-418(place,)-459(with)-418(the)-417(appropriate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(principles)-332(of)-331(explanation.)-494(The)-332(hierarchy)-331(of)-332(gods)-331(and)-332(heroes)-331(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([470])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(their)-273(various)-273(grades,)-278(the)-273(orbs)-272(of)-273(the)-273(sky,)-278(the)-273(various)-273(parts)-273(of)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bodily)-269(frame,)-274(from)-269(the)-269(hair)-269(of)-269(the)-269(head)-269(to)-269(the)-269(toes)-269(and)-269(nails,)-273(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(various)-334(occupations)-334(and)-334(multiform)-333(incidents)-334(in)-334(the)-334(life)-334(of)-333(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-218(the)-219(cradle)-218(to)-219(the)-218(grave,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 121.879 3.959 Td [(2432)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.891 -3.959 Td [(the)-218(whole)-219(list)-218(of)-219(animals,)-225(plants,)]TJ -140.77 -13.549 Td [(and)-434(drugs)-433(which)-434(serve)-434(his)-434(uses,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 147.574 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(all)-434(these)-433(things,)-480(and)-434(many)]TJ -158.483 -13.55 Td [(others)-244(which)-243(might)-243(conceivably,)-245(or)-244(inconceivably,)-244(enter)-244(into)-243(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fabric)-357(of)-357(a)-356(dream,)-384(are)-357(painfully)-356(collected)-357(and)-357(arranged)-357(for)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guidance)-336(of)-336(the)-336(future)-337(inquirer.)-508(And)-336(this)-336(demands)-336(not)-336(only)-336(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effort)-321(of)-322(logical)-321(classification,)-340(but)-321(also)-322(an)-321(immense)-321(knowledge)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 81.071 Td [(2431)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Maury,)-250(p.)-250(241.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2432)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Artemid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.368 0 Td [(Oneirocrit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.339 0 Td [(iv.)-250(Praef.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2522 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2523 0 R /Resources 2521 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2512 0 R >> endobj 2524 0 obj << /D [2522 0 R /XYZ 277.301 227.528 null] >> endobj 2521 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2527 0 obj << /Length 5540 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(569)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-219(the)-218(customs)-219(and)-218(peculiarities)-219(of)-219(different)-218(races,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.729 3.959 Td [(2433)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.891 -3.959 Td [(the)-219(special)]TJ -234.62 -13.549 Td [(attributes)-346(of)-345(each)-346(of)-345(the)-346(gods,)-369(and)-346(a)-345(minute)-346(acquaintance)-345(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-347(natural)-347(history)-347(of)-346(the)-347(time.)-541(For,)-371(special)-347(circumstances)-346(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(details)-214(cannot)-214(be)-214(safely)-213(neglected)-214(in)-214(the)-214(interpretation)-214(of)-213(dreams.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(It)-427(may)-427(make)-427(the)-427(greatest)-427(difference)-427(whether)-427(the)-427(same)-427(dream)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(comes)-332(to)-332(a)-332(rich)-331(man)-332(or)-332(a)-332(poor)-332(man,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.356 3.959 Td [(2434)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.282 -3.959 Td [(to)-332(a)-332(man)-332(or)-331(a)-332(woman,)]TJ -181.638 -13.549 Td [(to)-417(a)-417(married)-417(woman)-417(or)-417(a)-417(virgin,)-459(to)-417(old)-417(or)-417(young,)-458(to)-417(king)-417(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subject.)-258(To)-252(one)-253(it)-252(may)-253(mean)-252(the)-253(greatest)-252(of)-253(blessings,)-253(to)-252(another)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(calamity)-404(or)-403(death.)-711(For)-403(instance,)-442(for)-404(a)-403(priest)-404(of)-403(Isis)-404(to)-403(dream)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-425(a)-426(shaven)-425(head)-425(is)-425(of)-426(good)-425(omen;)-513(to)-425(any)-426(other)-425(person)-425(it)-425(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ominous)-304(of)-303(evil.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.381 3.959 Td [(2435)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.916 -3.959 Td [(To)-303(dream)-304(that)-303(you)-304(have)-303(the)-304(head)-303(of)-304(a)-303(lion)]TJ -93.297 -13.549 Td [(or)-369(elephant)-370(is)-369(a)-370(prediction)-369(of)-369(a)-370(rise)-369(above)-370(your)-369(natural)-369(estate;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-320(to)-320(dream)-320(that)-320(you)-319(have)-320(the)-320(horns)-320(of)-320(an)-320(ox)-320(portends)-319(violent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.357 3.958 Td [(2436)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.959 -3.958 Td [(To)-193(dream)-194(of)-193(shoemaking)-193(and)-194(carpentry)-193(foretells)-193(happy)]TJ -45.316 -13.55 Td [(marriage)-185(and)-185(friendship,)-198(but)-186(the)-185(vision)-185(of)-185(a)-185(tanner)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 212.924 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-185(yard,)-198(from)-185(its)]TJ -216.557 -13.549 Td [(connection)-205(with)-204(foul)-205(odours)-205(and)-204(death,)-214(may)-205(foreshadow)-204(disgrace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-199(disaster.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.983 3.959 Td [(2437)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.981 -3.959 Td [(To)-199(dream)-200(of)-199(drinking)-200(cold)-199(water)-199(is)-200(a)-199(wholesome)]TJ -72.964 -13.549 Td [(sign;)-282(but)-271(a)-272(fancied)-271(draught)-271(of)-271(hot)-272(fluid,)-276(as)-272(being)-271(unnatural,)-276(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forbode)-223(disease)-224(or)-223(failure.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 113.028 3.958 Td [(2438)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.958 Td [(A)-223(man)-224(dreamt)-223(that)-223(his)-223(mother)-224(was)]TJ -132.096 -13.55 Td [(bearing)-306(him)-306(a)-306(second)-307(time;)-334(the)-306(issue)-306(was)-306(that)-306(he)-306(returned)-306(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exile)-330(to)-330(his)-329(motherland,)-350(found)-330(his)-330(mother)-329(ill,)-350(and)-330(inherited)-329(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(property.)-225(Another)-175(had)-176(a)-175(vision)-175(of)-175(an)-176(olive)-175(shooting)-175(from)-175(his)-175(head;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-396(developed)-396(a)-396(vigour)-396(and)-396(clearness)-396(of)-396(thought)-396(and)-395(language)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worthy)-271(of)-271(the)-272(goddess)-271(to)-271(whom)-271(the)-271(olive)-272(is)-271(sacred.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 223.874 3.959 Td [(2439)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.86 -3.959 Td [(It)-271(would)]TJ -243.734 -13.549 Td [(be)-365(wearisome,)-393(and)-365(even)-364(disgusting,)-394(to)-364(give)-365(other)-365(examples)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(this)-456(futile)-456(and)-455(almost)-456(idiotic)-456(superstition,)-507(masquerading)-456(as)-455(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([471])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(science.)-476(A)-326(painstaking)-325(student)-326(might)-325(easily)-326(classify)-325(the)-325(modes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-213(interpretation.)-238(They)-214(are)-213(tolerably)-213(uniform,)-221(and)-214(rest)-213(on)-213(fanciful)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.565 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.752 Td [(2433)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2434)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(13,)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(2435)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2436)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(37,)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2437)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(51.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2438)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(i.)-250(66.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2439)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(v.)-250(18.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2526 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2527 0 R /Resources 2525 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2512 0 R >> endobj 2528 0 obj << /D [2526 0 R /XYZ 150.299 179.445 null] >> endobj 2525 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2531 0 obj << /Length 6783 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(570)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(but)-163(obvious)-163(conceits,)-181(superficial)-163(analogies,)-180(mere)-163(play)-163(upon)-163(words)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-292(impossible)-292(etymologies.)-377(The)-292(interpretations)-292(are)-292(as)-292(dull)-292(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monotonous)-357(as)-356(the)-357(dreams)-357(are)-356(various)-357(and)-357(fantastic.)-570(Many)-356(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-445(visions)-445(seem)-445(like)-445(the)-445(wildest)-445(hallucinations)-445(of)-444(prurient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lunacy.)-634(It)-378(is)-377(difficult)-378(to)-378(conceive)-378(what)-378(was)-378(the)-378(ordinary)-377(state)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-292(mind)-292(and)-293(the)-292(habits)-292(of)-292(a)-292(people)-293(whose)-292(sleep)-292(was)-292(haunted)-292(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(visions)-266(so)-265(lawless.)-297(It)-265(is)-265(perhaps)-266(even)-265(harder)-266(to)-265(imagine)-266(a)-265(father,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-209(the)-209(infinite)-209(industry)-209(of)-210(which)-209(he)-209(is)-209(so)-209(proud,)-217(compiling)-209(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-250(catalogue)-250(for)-250(the)-250(study)-250(of)-250(his)-250(son.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 155.127 3.958 Td [(2440)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -143.171 -18.466 Td [(Lucian,)-483(through)-436(the)-436(mouth)-436(of)-436(Momus,)-483(pours)-436(his)-436(scorn)-436(on)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-305(new)-305(oracles)-305(which)-305(were)-305(chanting)-305(from)-306(every)-305(rock,)-318(vending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-401(lies)-401(at)-401(two)-400(obols)-401(apiece,)-439(and)-401(overshadowing)-401(the)-400(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glories)-387(of)-386(the)-387(more)-386(ancient)-387(shrines.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 160.754 3.959 Td [(2441)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.634 -3.959 Td [(In)-387(the)-386(last)-387(century)-386(of)]TJ -184.388 -13.549 Td [(the)-383(Republic,)-417(and)-383(in)-384(the)-383(first)-383(century)-384(of)-383(the)-383(Empire,)-417(the)-383(faith)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-387(oracles)-387(had)-387(suffered)-388(a)-387(portentous)-387(decay.)-661(The)-387(exultation)-387(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-456(Christian)-456(Fathers)-456(at)-457(the)-456(desertion)-456(of)-456(the)-456(ancient)-456(seats)-456(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(prophecy)-241(seems)-240(to)-241(find)-241(an)-240(echo)-241(in)-241(the)-240(record)-241(of)-241(heathen)-240(authors.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cicero)-356(speaks)-356(as)-356(if)-356(Delphi)-355(were)-356(almost)-356(silent.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.448 3.959 Td [(2442)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.631 -3.959 Td [(Strabo)-356(tells)]TJ -230.079 -13.549 Td [(us)-319(that)-320(Delphi,)-336(Dodona,)-337(and)-320(Ammon)-319(had)-319(shared)-320(in)-319(the)-319(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-454(which)-453(had)-454(fallen)-453(on)-454(oracular)-453(divination.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 231.164 3.959 Td [(2443)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.826 -3.959 Td [(From)]TJ -256.99 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)-251(we)-250(have)-250(seen)-251(that)-250(in)-251(Boeotia,)-251(the)-250(most)-250(famous)-251(home)-250(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-309(art,)-324(all)-309(the)-309(oracular)-309(shrines)-309(were)-309(silent)-309(and)-310(deserted,)-323(except)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-331(of)-330(Trophonius)-331(at)-330(Lebadea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.73 3.959 Td [(2444)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.802 -3.959 Td [(And)-331(curious)-330(inquirers)-331(gave)]TJ -159.532 -13.549 Td [(various)-350(explanations)-351(of)-350(this)-350(waning)-351(faith.)-551(Strabo)-350(thought)-350(that,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-335(the)-334(spread)-335(of)-335(Roman)-335(power,)-355(the)-335(Sibylline)-335(prophecies)-334(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-470(Etruscan)-470(augury)-470(eclipsed)-470(the)-470(Greek)-470(and)-470(Eastern)-469(oracles.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-420(explanation)-420(in)-420(Plutarch,)-462(as)-420(we)-420(have)-419(seen,)-463(is)-420(involved)-419(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.119 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.306 Td [(2440)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Artemid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.368 0 Td [(Oneirocrit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.339 0 Td [(v.)-250(Praef.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.402 -7.31 Td [(2441)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.543 0 Td [(Concil.)-375(Deor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.795 0 Td [(c.)-375(12,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.496 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.599 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\264\267)-292(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.414 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-291(\273\257\270\277\302)-292(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.134 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.25 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-292(\262\311\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.847 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-291(\307\301\267\303\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.822 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.061 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)-250(Cf.)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.319 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.33 0 Td [(iv.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -112.551 -7.311 Td [(2442)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.755 0 Td [(De.)-453(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.792 0 Td [(ii.)-453(57,)-334(cur)-318(isto)-317(modo)-318(iam)-317(oracula)-318(Delphis)-318(non)-317(eduntur)-318(non)]TJ -65.502 -10.959 Td [(modo)-250(nostra)-250(aetate,)-250(sed)-250(jamdiu,)-250(jam)-250(ut)-250(nihil)-250(possit)-250(esse)-250(contemptius?)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2443)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Strab.)-392(ix.)-392(3,)-309(4,)-310(\050419\051,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 80.847 0 Td [(`)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\273\271\263\316\301\265\304\261\271)-297(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 44.118 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.652 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.826 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-297(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.605 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.302 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)-297(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.768 0 Td [(\265\301\314\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.063 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.014 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.:)-345(vii.)-392(7,)-309(9,)]TJ -241.357 -10.959 Td [(\050328\051)-250(\050Dodona\051;)-250(xvii.)-250(1,)-250(43)-250(\050Ammon\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2444)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(5.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2530 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2531 0 R /Resources 2529 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2512 0 R >> endobj 2529 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2534 0 obj << /Length 5551 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(571)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(an)-379(interesting)-379(discussion)-379(of)-379(the)-379(various)-379(sources)-379(of)-379(inspiration,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and,)-312(in)-300(particular,)-313(of)-300(the)-300(office)-300(of)-300(daemons.)-400(One)-300(theorist)-300(of)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(positive)-395(type)-395(attributes)-395(the)-396(failure)-395(of)-395(the)-395(Greek)-395(oracles)-395(to)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(growing)-267(depopulation)-267(of)-266(Greece.)-301(It)-267(is)-266(a)-267(question)-267(of)-267(demand)-266(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(supply.)-430(Others)-311(find)-310(the)-310(explanation)-310(in)-310(physical)-310(changes,)-325(which)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([472])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(have)-303(extinguished)-303(or)-304(diverted)-303(the)-303(exhalation)-303(that)-303(used)-303(to)-303(excite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-364(prophetic)-364(powers)-364(of)-364(the)-364(Pythia.)-592(Another)-364(falls)-364(back)-364(on)-363(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theory)-206(of)-207(daemonic)-206(inspiration,)-215(which,)-215(mysteriously)-206(vouchsafed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-250(be)-250(as)-250(mysteriously)-250(withdrawn.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 154.833 3.958 Td [(2445)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -142.877 -18.112 Td [(The)-376(eclipse)-376(of)-376(the)-376(oracles)-376(was)-376(really)-376(a)-376(phase)-376(of)-376(that)-375(pagan)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(unbelief)-334(or)-335(indifference)-334(which)-335(tended)-334(to)-335(disappear)-334(towards)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(end)-408(of)-408(the)-408(first)-408(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 110.711 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.427 0 Td [(And)-408(the)-408(eclipse)-408(perhaps)-408(was)-407(not)]TJ -131.138 -13.549 Td [(so)-526(complete)-525(as)-526(it)-525(is)-526(represented.)-1076(Cicero)-526(himself)-525(consulted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-286(Pythia)-286(about)-286(his)-286(future)-286(fame,)-295(and)-286(received)-286(an)-286(answer)-286(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revealed)-190(insight)-190(into)-190(his)-190(character.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.352 3.958 Td [(2446)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.948 -3.958 Td [(Germanicus)-190(in)-190(the)-190(reign)-190(of)]TJ -166.3 -13.55 Td [(Tiberius)-214(visited)-215(the)-214(shrine)-215(of)-214(the)-214(Clarian)-215(Apollo,)-221(and)-215(that)-214(of)-214(Apis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-363(Memphis;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.088 3.959 Td [(2447)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.021 -3.959 Td [(Tiberius)-363(tried)-364(the)-363(sacred)-364(lottery)-363(at)-363(Padua,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 187.083 3.959 Td [(2448)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Caligula)-238(that)-237(of)-237(Fortune)-238(at)-237(Antium.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.255 3.959 Td [(2449)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.12 -3.959 Td [(Nero,)-240(although)-237(he)-238(is)-237(said)]TJ -172.375 -13.549 Td [(to)-389(have)-389(choked)-389(the)-389(sacred)-389(chasm)-389(at)-389(Delphi)-389(with)-389(corpses,)-423(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(previously)-311(sought)-312(light)-311(from)-311(the)-311(god)-312(on)-311(his)-311(perilous)-312(future.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2450)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Before)-248(the)-248(altar)-248(of)-248(the)-248(unseen)-247(God)-248(on)-248(Mount)-248(Carmel,)-248(Vespasian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(received)-409(an)-409(impressive)-408(prophecy)-409(of)-409(his)-409(coming)-409(greatness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2451)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Titus)-489(had)-490(his)-489(hopes)-489(confirmed)-490(in)-489(the)-489(shrine)-490(of)-489(the)-489(Paphian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Venus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30.6 3.959 Td [(2452)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.354 -3.959 Td [(When)-286(these)-287(lords)-286(of)-286(the)-286(world,)-296(some)-286(of)-286(whom)-287(were)]TJ -50.954 -13.549 Td [(notorious)-323(sceptics,)-341(thus)-323(paid)-322(deference)-323(to)-323(the)-323(ancient)-323(homes)-322(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(prophecy,)-454(it)-413(may)-413(be)-413(doubted)-413(whether)-413(their)-413(prestige)-412(had)-413(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seriously)-250(shaken.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.936 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 148.039 Td [(2445)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Def.)-250(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.572 0 Td [(c.)-250(8,)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.204 -7.31 Td [(2446)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(c.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -43.584 -7.311 Td [(2447)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(ii.)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.547 -7.31 Td [(2448)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(c.)-250(xiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.564 -7.311 Td [(2449)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(c.)-250(lvii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.062 -7.394 Td [(2450)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(xl.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -44.58 -7.395 Td [(2451)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(ii.)-250(78.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(2452)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Tit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.454 0 Td [(c.)-250(v.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2533 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2534 0 R /Resources 2532 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2536 0 R >> endobj 2535 0 obj << /D [2533 0 R /XYZ 136.714 463.978 null] >> endobj 2532 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2539 0 obj << /Length 5576 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(572)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Although)-212(Delphi)-212(had)-212(not)-213(for)-212(many)-212(ages)-212(wielded)-212(the)-212(enormous)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(political,)-300(and)-290(even)-290(international,)-300(power)-290(which)-290(it)-290(enjoyed)-290(before)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-279(Persian)-280(wars,)-287(still,)-286(even)-280(in)-279(the)-280(days)-279(of)-280(its)-279(greatest)-279(obscurity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-278(was)-278(the)-279(resort)-278(of)-278(many)-278(who)-278(came)-279(to)-278(consult)-278(it)-278(in)-278(the)-278(ordinary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(cares)-300(of)-300(life.)-399(Apollonius)-300(of)-300(Tyana,)-313(in)-299(the)-300(reign)-300(of)-300(Nero,)-312(visited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(old)-287(oracular)-287(centres,)-296(Delphi,)-296(Dodona,)-296(Abae,)-297(and)-287(the)-286(shrines)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-247(Amphiaraus)-246(and)-246(Trophonius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 139.259 3.959 Td [(2453)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.153 -3.959 Td [(They)-246(seem)-247(to)-246(be)-247(still)-246(active,)]TJ -158.412 -13.549 Td [(although)-377(the)-378(sage)-377(had,)-409(in)-378(fulfilment)-377(of)-377(his)-378(mission,)-409(to)-377(correct)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-351(ritual.)-552(The)-351(newer)-351(foundations,)-376(like)-351(that)-351(at)-350(Abonoteichos,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(found)-262(it)-262(politic)-261(to)-262(defer)-262(to)-262(the)-262(authority)-261(of)-262(oracles,)-265(such)-262(as)-261(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-368(Clarus)-368(and)-368(Didyma,)-397(with)-368(a)-368(great)-367(past.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 185.96 3.959 Td [(2454)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.023 -3.959 Td [(If)-368(the)-368(conquests)]TJ -208.983 -13.549 Td [(of)-354(Rome)-355(for)-354(a)-355(time)-354(obscured)-354(their)-355(fame,)-380(the)-355(ease)-354(and)-354(rapidity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-280(communication)-281(along)-280(the)-281(Roman)-280(roads,)-288(and)-280(the)-281(safety)-280(of)-280(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([473])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(seas,)-417(must)-383(have)-384(swelled)-383(the)-383(number)-384(of)-383(their)-384(votaries)-383(from)-383(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(parts)-348(of)-347(the)-348(world.)-543(It)-348(is)-347(a)-348(revelation)-348(to)-347(find)-348(a)-348(Tungrian)-347(cohort)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-354(a)-354(remote)-353(station)-354(in)-354(Britain)-354(setting)-353(up)-354(a)-354(votive)-354(inscription)-353(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obedience)-276(to)-275(the)-276(voice)-275(of)-276(the)-275(Clarian)-276(Apollo.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.282 3.959 Td [(2455)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.002 -3.959 Td [(If)-276(new)-275(oracles)]TJ -218.284 -13.549 Td [(were)-367(springing)-367(up)-368(in)-367(the)-367(Antonine)-367(age,)-397(the)-367(old)-367(were)-367(certainly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-315(quite)-314(neglected.)-444(In)-315(the)-315(reign)-314(of)-315(Trajan)-315(the)-314(shrine)-315(of)-314(Delphi)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(recovered)-250(from)-250(its)-250(degradation)-251(by)-250(the)-250(violence)-250(of)-250(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.674 3.959 Td [(2456)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.171 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(Hadrian,)-266(as)-262(we)-263(have)-263(seen,)-266(tested)-262(the)-263(inspiration)-263(of)-262(the)-263(Pythia)-262(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-340(question)-340(as)-341(to)-340(the)-340(birthplace)-340(of)-340(Homer,)-363(which)-340(was)-340(answered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-433(a)-433(verse)-433(tracing)-433(his)-432(ancestry)-433(to)-433(Pylos)-433(and)-433(Ithaca.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.516 3.959 Td [(2457)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.15 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-401(oracles)-401(were)-401(in)-400(full)-401(vigour)-401(under)-401(the)-401(emperors)-401(of)-400(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(third)-236(century.)-245(Some)-236(of)-235(the)-236(greatest)-236(and)-236(most)-235(venerable)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 237.299 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Delphi,)]TJ -248.208 -13.549 Td [(Didyma,)-333(Mallus,)-332(and)-316(Dodona)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.904 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(were)-316(not)-316(reduced)-316(to)-316(silence)-316(till)]TJ -142.813 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(reign)-250(of)-250(Constantine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 107.869 3.959 Td [(2458)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -95.914 -21.765 Td [(But)-718(the)-717(old)-718(oracles)-717(could)-718(not)-717(satisfy)-718(the)-718(omnivorous)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.864 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.968 Td [(2453)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iv.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.41 -7.395 Td [(2454)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.417 0 Td [(c.)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.537 -7.394 Td [(2455)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(p.)-250(469.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.923 -7.394 Td [(2456)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxiii.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(2457)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Wolff.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(De)-250(Nov.)-250(Orac.)-250(Aet.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 70.969 0 Td [(p.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -120.023 -7.394 Td [(2458)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(pp.)-250(6,)-250(52.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2538 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2539 0 R /Resources 2537 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2536 0 R >> endobj 2540 0 obj << /D [2538 0 R /XYZ 124.475 355.585 null] >> endobj 2537 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2543 0 obj << /Length 6346 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(573)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(superstition)-387(of)-387(the)-387(time.)-661(The)-387(outburst)-387(of)-387(new)-387(oracles)-387(may)-387(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compared,)-200(perhaps,)-201(to)-187(the)-188(fissiparous)-188(tendencies)-188(of)-187(Protestantism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-290(some)-290(countries,)-299(at)-290(each)-290(fresh)-290(revival)-290(of)-290(religious)-289(excitement.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Any)-362(fresh)-362(avenue)-362(to)-363(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.059 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Great)-362(Mystery)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.539 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.795 0 Td [(was)-362(at)-362(once)-362(eagerly)]TJ -191.237 -13.55 Td [(crowded.)-246(And)-240(the)-239(most)-239(recent)-240(claimant)-239(to)-239(inspiration)-239(sometimes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(threatened)-293(to)-293(overshadow)-293(the)-292(tradition)-293(of)-293(a)-293(thousand)-293(years,)-303(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(assert)-250(an)-250(oecumenical)-250(power.)]TJ 11.956 -19.31 Td [(One)-197(such)-197(case)-197(has)-197(been)-197(recorded)-197(and)-197(exposed)-197(with)-197(the)-197(graphic)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(skill)-396(and)-395(penetrating)-396(observation)-396(of)-396(the)-395(greatest)-396(genius)-396(of)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age.)-315(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.596 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-272(description)-271(of)-272(the)-271(foundation)-272(of)-271(the)-272(new)-271(oracle)-272(of)]TJ -55.229 -13.549 Td [(Asclepius)-248(at)-247(Abonoteichos)-248(in)-247(Paphlagonia,)-248(if)-247(it)-248(is)-247(wanting)-248(in)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sympathetic)-209(handling)-209(which)-209(modern)-209(criticism)-209(has)-209(attained)-209(or)-209(can)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(affect,)-278(is)-272(an)-272(unrivalled)-273(revelation)-272(of)-272(the)-273(superstition)-272(of)-272(the)-272(time.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-248(a)-248(brief)-248(narrative)-249(of)-248(the)-248(imposture)-248(will)-248(probably)-248(give)-248(a)-248(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vivid)-250(idea)-250(of)-250(it)-250(than)-250(any)-250(abstract)-250(dissertation.)]TJ 11.956 -19.309 Td [(Alexander,)-269(the)-265(founder,)-269(was)-265(a)-266(man)-265(of)-265(mean)-265(parentage,)-269(but)-265(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(remarkable)-465(natural)-464(gifts.)-894(Tall)-464(and)-465(handsome)-464(in)-465(no)-464(ordinary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(degree,)-628(he)-552(had)-553(eyes)-552(with)-553(a)-552(searching)-553(keenness,)-628(a)-552(look)-552(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inspiration,)-196(and)-183(a)-183(voice)-183(most)-183(clear)-183(and)-183(sweet.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 193.473 3.959 Td [(2459)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.922 -3.959 Td [(His)-183(mental)-183(gifts)]TJ -212.395 -13.549 Td [(were)-270(equal)-271(to)-270(his)-271(physical)-270(charm.)-311(In)-271(memory,)-275(quick)-270(perception,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([474])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(shrewdness,)-276(and)-270(subtlety,)-276(he)-270(had)-271(few)-270(equals.)-312(But)-270(from)-271(his)-270(early)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(youth,)-255(with)-253(the)-254(affectation)-253(of)-254(Pythagorean)-254(asceticism,)-254(he)-254(had)-253(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-336(vices)-335(which)-336(go)-336(to)-336(make)-335(the)-336(finished)-336(reprobate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.135 3.959 Td [(2460)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.971 -3.959 Td [(After)-336(a)]TJ -249.106 -13.549 Td [(youth)-287(of)-287(abandoned)-287(sensuality,)-296(in)-287(concert)-287(with)-287(a)-287(confederate)-286(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-260(better)-260(character,)-262(he)-260(determined)-260(to)-259(found)-260(an)-260(oracle.)-280(The)-259(times)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-248(favourable)-248(for)-249(such)-248(a)-248(venture.)-250(Never)-248(had)-248(selfish)-248(desire)-248(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(terror,)-403(twin)-373(roots)-372(of)-373(superstition,)-403(such)-372(a)-373(hold)-372(on)-373(mankind.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2461)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-286(problem)-286(was,)-295(where)-286(to)-287(establish)-286(the)-286(new)-286(shrine.)-358(It)-286(must)-286(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(founded)-281(among)-281(a)-280(crassly)-281(stupid)-281(population,)-288(ready)-281(to)-281(accept)-280(any)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.045 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.149 Td [(2459)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.392 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.317 0 Td [(c.)-246(3,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.318 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\306\270\261\273\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.934 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.778 0 Td [(\300\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.916 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.688 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.608 0 Td [(\263\277\301\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.269 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-239(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.968 0 Td [(v)-239(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.544 0 Td [(\275\270\265\277\275)-239(\264\271\265\274\306\261\257\275\277\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 77.37 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.383 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -281.128 -7.31 Td [(2460)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.416 0 Td [(c.)-250(4,)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.537 -7.311 Td [(2461)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.344 0 Td [(c.)-381(8,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.095 0 Td [(\345\263)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.993 0 Td [(\264\257\311\302)-294(\272\261\304\265\275\314\267\303\261\275)-293(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 70.227 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-294(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.034 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.179 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\311\275)-294(\262\257\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.501 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.098 0 Td [(\264\305\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.306 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\275)-294(\304\277\315\304\277\271\275)]TJ -245.081 -10.959 Td [(\274\265\263\257\303\304\277\271\275)-250(\304\305\301\261\275\275\277\315\274\265\275\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 95.177 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2542 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2543 0 R /Resources 2541 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2536 0 R >> endobj 2544 0 obj << /D [2542 0 R /XYZ 278.627 249.22 null] >> endobj 2541 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2547 0 obj << /Length 5991 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(574)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(tale)-399(of)-399(the)-399(marvellous)-399(with)-399(the)-399(most)-400(abandoned)-399(credulity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2462)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Paphlagonia)-338(seemed)-338(to)-337(the)-338(shrewd)-338(observers)-338(the)-338(readiest)-337(prey.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tablets)-281(were)-281(dug)-281(up,)-288(which)-281(predicted)-281(an)-281(epiphany)-281(of)-280(Asclepius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-199(Abonoteichos.)-233(A)-199(Sibylline)-199(oracle,)-209(in)-198(enigmatic)-199(verse,)-209(heralded)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-151(coming)-151(of)-151(the)-151(god.)-217(Alexander,)-171(magnificently)-151(attired,)-170(appeared)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upon)-243(the)-242(scene,)-244(with)-243(all)-242(the)-242(signs)-243(of)-242(mysterious)-243(insanity,)-244(and)-242(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Paphlagonians)-224(were)-224(thrown)-224(into)-223(hysterical)-224(excitement.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.93 3.959 Td [(2463)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.071 -3.959 Td [(Their)]TJ -257.001 -13.549 Td [(last)-314(new)-314(god)-314(was)-314(fished)-314(up)-314(from)-314(a)-314(lake)-314(in)-314(the)-314(form)-314(of)-313(a)-314(young)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(serpent,)-481(which)-435(had)-435(been)-435(artfully)-435(sealed)-435(up)-435(in)-435(a)-435(goose)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 249.528 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-435(egg.)]TJ -253.161 -13.55 Td [(When)-281(the)-281(broken)-280(shell)-281(revealed)-281(the)-281(nascent)-280(deity,)-289(the)-280(multitude)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-384(in)-384(an)-384(ecstasy)-385(of)-384(excitement)-384(at)-384(the)-384(honour)-384(vouchsafed)-384(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-461(city.)-884(The)-461(infant)-461(reptile)-461(was)-462(soon)-461(replaced)-461(by)-461(one)-461(full)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grown,)-437(to)-400(which)-400(a)-400(very)-400(elementary)-400(art)-400(had)-400(attached)-400(a)-399(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(head.)-522(It)-341(was)-341(displayed)-341(to)-341(the)-340(crowds)-341(who)-341(trooped)-341(through)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reception-room)-341(of)-341(the)-341(impostor,)-363(and)-341(they)-341(went)-341(away)-341(to)-340(spread)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throughout)-420(all)-420(Asia)-420(the)-420(tidings)-420(of)-420(the)-420(unheard-of)-420(miracle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2464)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Alexander)-276(had)-275(carefully)-276(studied)-275(the)-276(system)-276(of)-275(the)-276(older)-275(oracles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-318(he)-318(proceeded)-317(to)-318(imitate)-318(it.)-453(He)-318(received)-318(inquiries)-318(on)-317(sealed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tablets,)-280(and,)-280(with)-275(all)-274(ancient)-274(pomp)-274(and)-274(ceremony)-274(of)-274(attendance,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(returned)-392(them,)-427(apparently)-392(untouched,)-427(with)-392(the)-392(proper)-391(answer.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-450(Lucian)-451(minutely)-450(explains)-451(the)-450(art)-451(with)-450(which)-451(the)-450(seal)-450(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-453(missive)-452(was)-453(dexterously)-453(broken)-452(and)-453(restored.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 228.077 3.959 Td [(2465)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.799 -3.959 Td [(A)-452(hot)]TJ -253.876 -13.549 Td [(needle)-324(and)-324(a)-324(delicate)-325(hand)-324(could)-324(easily)-324(reveal)-324(the)-324(secret)-324(of)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(question,)-325(and)-310(hide)-310(the)-309(trick.)-430(The)-310(oracle)-310(was)-310(primarily)-309(medical.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Prescriptions)-217(were)-218(given)-217(in)-218(more)-217(or)-217(less)-218(ambiguous)-217(phrases.)-239(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(charge)-362(for)-362(each)-362(consultation)-361(was,)-390(in)-362(our)-362(money,)-390(the)-362(small)-361(fee)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([475])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(of)-403(a)-402(shilling.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 58.182 3.959 Td [(2466)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.162 -3.959 Td [(Alexander)-403(was)-402(evidently)-403(a)-403(shrewd)-402(business)]TJ -82.344 -13.549 Td [(man,)-353(and)-332(his)-332(moderate)-331(charges)-332(attracting)-332(a)-332(crowd)-332(of)-332(inquirers,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.472 Td [(2462)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2463)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2464)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(15-18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2465)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2466)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.324 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.716 0 Td [(c.)-350(23,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.187 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\304\255\304\261\272\304\277)-283(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.914 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.307 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.178 0 Td [(\274\271\303\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.229 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.199 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 5.72 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.527 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\254\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.422 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.817 0 Td [(\307\301\267\303\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.551 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.817 0 Td [(\264\301\261\307\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.479 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.329 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.993 -10.959 Td [(\264\315)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 8.84 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.228 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\262\277\273\316)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.941 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2546 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2547 0 R /Resources 2545 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2536 0 R >> endobj 2548 0 obj << /D [2546 0 R /XYZ 333.266 179.445 null] >> endobj 2545 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2551 0 obj << /Length 7521 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(575)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-330(income)-331(of)-330(the)-331(oracle)-330(rose,)-350(according)-331(to)-330(Lucian,)-351(to)-330(the)-330(then)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enormous)-432(sum)-432(of)-431(nearly)-432(\2437000)-432(a)-432(year.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.44 3.959 Td [(2467)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.115 -3.959 Td [(But)-432(the)-432(manager)]TJ -204.555 -13.549 Td [(was)-266(liberal)-265(to)-266(his)-265(numerous)-266(staff)-265(of)-266(secretaries,)-269(interpreters,)-269(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(versifiers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.32 3.958 Td [(2468)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.802 -3.958 Td [(He)-361(had,)-389(moreover,)-389(missionaries)-361(who)-361(spread)-361(his)]TJ -66.122 -13.55 Td [(fame)-192(in)-192(foreign)-192(lands,)-204(and)-192(who)-192(offered)-192(the)-192(service)-192(of)-191(the)-192(oracle)-192(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recovering)-286(runaway)-285(slaves,)-295(discovering)-285(buried)-286(treasure,)-294(healing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sickness,)-383(and)-356(raising)-356(the)-356(dead.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.021 3.959 Td [(2469)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.641 -3.959 Td [(Even)-356(the)-356(barbarians)-357(on)-356(the)]TJ -159.662 -13.549 Td [(outskirts)-272(of)-272(civilisation)-272(were)-271(attracted)-272(by)-272(his)-272(fame,)-277(and,)-278(after)-271(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interval)-390(required)-389(to)-390(find)-389(a)-390(translator)-390(among)-389(the)-390(motley)-389(crowd)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(who)-270(thronged)-270(from)-269(all)-270(lands,)-275(an)-269(answer)-270(would)-270(be)-270(returned)-269(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-365(the)-366(Celtic)-365(or)-365(Syrian)-365(tongue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.798 3.959 Td [(2470)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.938 -3.959 Td [(The)-365(fame)-366(of)-365(the)-365(oracle,)-394(of)]TJ -160.736 -13.549 Td [(course,)-280(soon)-274(spread)-274(to)-274(Italy,)-280(where)-274(the)-274(highest)-274(nobles,)-280(eager)-274(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-389(novelty)-389(in)-389(religion,)-424(were)-389(carried)-389(away)-389(by)-388(the)-389(pretensions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(Alexander.)-485(None)-328(among)-328(them)-329(stood)-328(higher)-328(than)-328(Rutilianus,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(either)-439(in)-438(character)-439(or)-439(official)-439(rank.)-816(But)-439(he)-438(was)-439(the)-439(slave)-438(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-308(kind)-309(of)-308(extravagant)-308(superstition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.695 3.959 Td [(2471)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.072 -3.959 Td [(He)-308(would)-309(fall)-308(down)]TJ -191.767 -13.549 Td [(and)-356(grovel)-357(along)-356(the)-356(way)-356(before)-356(any)-357(stone)-356(which)-356(was)-356(shining)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-392(oil)-392(or)-391(decked)-392(with)-392(garlands.)-675(He)-392(sent)-392(one)-392(emissary)-391(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-268(to)-268(Abonoteichos)-269(to)-268(consult)-268(the)-268(new)-269(god.)-304(They)-268(returned,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(some)-364(full)-365(of)-364(genuine)-365(enthusiasm,)-393(some)-364(hiding)-365(their)-364(doubts)-364(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interested)-261(exaggeration)-261(of)-260(what)-261(they)-261(had)-261(seen.)-282(Soon)-261(society)-260(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-316(court)-316(circle)-317(felt)-316(all)-316(the)-316(delight)-317(of)-316(a)-316(new)-316(religious)-316(sensation.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Great)-485(nobles)-485(hurried)-485(away)-485(to)-485(Paphlagonia,)-544(and)-485(fell)-485(an)-485(easy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prey)-464(to)-464(the)-464(gracious)-463(charm)-464(and)-464(the)-464(ingenious)-464(charlatanry)-463(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Alexander.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.164 3.959 Td [(2472)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.08 -3.959 Td [(Some,)-231(who)-227(had)-226(consulted)-227(the)-226(oracle)-227(by)-226(questions)]TJ -67.244 -13.549 Td [(which)-429(might)-429(have)-429(a)-429(sinister)-429(meaning,)-474(and)-429(suggest)-429(dangerous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ambitions,)-399(he)-369(knew)-368(how)-369(to)-369(terrify)-369(into)-369(his)-369(service)-369(by)-369(the)-368(hint)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.32 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.508 Td [(2467)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(If)-431(I)-431(am)-431(right)-432(in)-431(interpreting)-431(Lucian)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 133.762 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-431(statement,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.237 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.853 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.523 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.572 0 Td [(p)-431(")-431(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.693 0 Td [(\272\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.429 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.353 -10.959 Td [(\274\305\301\271\254\264\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.91 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\254\303\304\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.674 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\270\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.385 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\270\301\277\271\266\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.751 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.78 -7.311 Td [(2468)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.416 0 Td [(c.)-250(23,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\261\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.133 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\265\274\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.698 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\254\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.422 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\272\261\304)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 13.136 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.227 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\276\257\261\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.816 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -209.91 -7.31 Td [(2469)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2470)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(51,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.948 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\262\261\301\262\254\301\277\271\302)-250(\300\277\273\273\254\272\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 76.385 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\301\267\303\265\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.271 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(\243\305\301\271\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.263 0 Td [(v)-250(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.907 0 Td [(\232\265\273\304\271\303\304\257)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.952 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -268.353 -7.31 Td [(2471)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(30,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\314\272\277\304\261)-250(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.544 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-250(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.028 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\265\300\271\303\304\265\305\272\316\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.583 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -207.355 -7.311 Td [(2472)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(31.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2550 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2551 0 R /Resources 2549 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2536 0 R >> endobj 2552 0 obj << /D [2550 0 R /XYZ 106.033 110.62 null] >> endobj 2549 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2555 0 obj << /Length 7160 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(576)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-340(possible)-340(disclosure.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.234 3.959 Td [(2473)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.118 -3.959 Td [(All)-340(came)-340(back)-341(to)-340(swell)-340(the)-340(fame)-341(of)]TJ -121.352 -13.549 Td [(the)-271(Paphlagonian)-272(oracle)-271(and)-271(to)-271(make)-272(it)-271(fashionable)-271(in)-272(Italy.)-313(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(none)-344(were)-344(so)-344(besotted)-343(as)-344(Rutilianus.)-532(This)-344(great)-344(Roman)-343(noble,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-234(had)-234(been)-233(proved)-234(in)-234(a)-234(long)-233(career)-234(of)-234(office,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.004 3.958 Td [(2474)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.024 -3.958 Td [(at)-234(the)-234(mature)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -296.783 0 Td [([476])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(age)-245(of)-246(sixty,)-246(stooped)-246(to)-245(wed)-245(the)-246(supposed)-245(daughter)-246(of)-245(the)-245(vulgar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charlatan)-248(by)-248(Selene,)-248(who)-248(had)-247(honoured)-248(him)-248(with)-248(the)-248(love)-247(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(she)-400(gave)-400(of)-399(old)-400(to)-400(Endymion!)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.551 3.959 Td [(2475)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.066 -3.959 Td [(And)-400(Rutilianus)-400(henceforth)]TJ -161.617 -13.549 Td [(became)-186(the)-186(stoutest)-186(champion)-186(of)-186(Alexander)-186(against)-186(all)-186(assaults)-185(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scepticism.)-310(For,)-275(in)-269(spite)-270(of)-270(the)-270(credulity)-270(of)-270(the)-270(crowd)-270(and)-270(of)-269(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(visitors)-264(from)-264(Rome,)-268(there)-264(was)-263(evidently)-264(a)-264(strong)-264(body)-264(of)-264(sturdy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dissent.)-484(There)-328(were,)-347(in)-328(those)-328(days,)-348(followers)-328(of)-328(Epicurus)-327(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-269(Paphlagonia,)-273(and,)-274(by)-269(a)-269(strange)-268(freak)-269(of)-269(fortune,)-274(the)-268(followers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-459(Christ)-459(found)-459(themselves)-459(making)-459(common)-459(cause)-459(against)-458(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-260(outbreak)-260(of)-260(heathenism)-259(with)-260(the)-260(atheistic)-260(philosophy)-260(of)-259(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Garden.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.833 3.959 Td [(2476)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.126 -3.959 Td [(An)-239(honest)-239(Epicurean)-239(once)-239(convicted)-239(Alexander)-239(of)-239(a)]TJ -53.959 -13.549 Td [(flagrant)-308(deception,)-323(and)-308(narrowly)-309(escaped)-308(being)-308(stoned)-308(to)-308(death)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-235(the)-235(fanatics)-235(of)-235(Paphlagonia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.174 3.959 Td [(2477)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.111 -3.959 Td [(One)-235(of)-235(the)-235(books)-235(of)-235(Epicurus)]TJ -153.285 -13.549 Td [(was)-320(publicly)-320(burnt)-319(in)-320(the)-320(agora)-320(by)-320(order)-320(of)-319(Alexander,)-338(and)-319(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ashes)-390(cast)-391(into)-390(the)-390(sea.)-672(Lucian)-390(himself,)-425(with)-391(his)-390(sly,)-425(amused)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(scepticism,)-263(tested)-260(and)-261(exposed)-260(the)-260(skill)-261(of)-260(the)-260(oracle)-261(at)-260(the)-260(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imminent)-250(risk)-250(to)-250(his)-250(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 107.586 3.959 Td [(2478)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -95.63 -19.398 Td [(But)-573(in)-574(spite)-573(of)-574(all)-573(exposure)-573(and)-574(opposition,)-654(the)-573(oracle,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(managed)-183(with)-182(such)-183(art)-182(and)-183(supported)-183(with)-182(such)-183(blind)-182(enthusiasm,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conquered)-165(for)-165(a)-165(time)-165(the)-164(Roman)-165(world.)-222(It)-165(was)-165(a)-165(period)-165(of)-164(calamity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-392(gloom.)-676(Plague)-392(and)-392(earthquake)-392(added)-392(their)-392(horrors)-392(to)-392(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brooding)-255(uncertainty)-255(of)-255(the)-255(dim)-255(conflict)-255(on)-255(the)-255(Danube.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.338 3.959 Td [(2479)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.329 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.483 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.67 Td [(2473)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2474)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(30,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\277\273\273\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.144 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304\254\276\265\303\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.319 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\276\267\304\261\303\274\255\275\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.832 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -163.025 -7.395 Td [(2475)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.416 0 Td [(c.)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.537 -7.31 Td [(2476)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.41 0 Td [(c.)-403(38,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 23.86 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.336 0 Td [(\304\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.849 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\270\265\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.062 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.488 0 Td [(\247\301\271\303\304\271\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.467 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.358 0 Td [(")-301(\030)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.612 0 Td [(\300\271\272\277\315\301\265\271\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.447 0 Td [(%)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\272\265\271)-301(\272\261\304\254\303\272\277\300\277\302)-301(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 64.236 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.083 -10.959 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301\263\257\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.003 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.349 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.:)-241(cf.)-243(25,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 31.601 0 Td [(\273\255\263\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.655 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\270\255\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.137 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\274\300\265\300\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.766 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\303\270\261\271)-231(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.457 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.71 0 Td [(\247\301\271\303\304\271\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.467 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-231(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.475 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-231(\240\314\275\304\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.138 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -15.902 -7.311 Td [(2477)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(46.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2478)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(cc.)-250(53)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2479)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Jul.)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.836 0 Td [(M.)-250(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.889 0 Td [(cc.)-250(22,)-250(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2554 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2555 0 R /Resources 2553 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2536 0 R >> endobj 2556 0 obj << /D [2554 0 R /XYZ 317.571 477.528 null] >> endobj 2553 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2559 0 obj << /Length 5147 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(577)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(emissaries)-211(of)-210(Alexander)-211(went)-210(everywhere,)-218(exploiting)-211(the)-210(general)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terror.)-560(Prediction)-353(of)-354(coming)-353(evil)-354(was)-353(safe)-353(at)-354(such)-353(a)-353(time;)-405(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shred)-318(of)-318(comfort)-318(or)-318(hope)-317(was)-318(eagerly)-318(sought)-318(for.)-454(A)-317(hexameter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(verse,)-386(promising)-359(the)-359(help)-359(of)-359(Apollo,)-386(was)-359(inscribed)-359(over)-358(every)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(doorway)-360(as)-360(an)-359(amulet)-360(against)-360(the)-360(awful)-359(pestilence)-360(of)-360(166)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 264.652 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.652 -13.549 Td [(Another)-275(ordered)-275(two)-276(lion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.41 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-275(cubs)-275(to)-276(be)-275(flung)-275(into)-275(the)-275(Danube,)-282(to)]TJ -115.043 -13.549 Td [(check)-308(the)-309(advance)-308(of)-308(the)-309(Marcomanni.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.22 3.959 Td [(2480)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.075 -3.959 Td [(Both)-308(proved)-309(dismal)]TJ -193.295 -13.549 Td [(failures,)-298(but)-288(without)-289(shaking)-288(the)-288(authority)-289(of)-288(the)-289(impostor,)-297(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(found)-237(an)-237(easy)-237(apology)-236(in)-237(the)-237(darkness)-237(of)-237(old)-237(Delphic)-236(utterances.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-263(established)-262(mysteries)-263(after)-263(the)-263(model)-262(of)-263(Eleusis,)-266(from)-262(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Christians)-366(and)-365(Epicureans)-366(were)-365(excluded)-366(under)-365(a)-366(solemn)-365(ban.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Scenes)-229(of)-229(old)-229(and)-229(new)-229(mythologies)-229(were)-229(presented)-229(with)-229(brilliant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effects)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.073 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-436(labour)-436(of)-435(Leto,)-482(the)-436(birth)-436(of)-436(Apollo,)-482(the)-436(birth)-435(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.042 0 Td [([477])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Asclepius,)-333(the)-316(epiphany)-316(of)-316(Glycon,)-333(the)-316(new)-316(wondrous)-316(serpent-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deity)-303(of)-302(Abonoteichos,)-316(the)-302(loves)-303(of)-302(Alexander)-303(and)-302(Selene.)-407(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(second)-199(Endymion)-200(lay)-199(sleeping,)-210(as)-199(on)-200(Latmus)-199(in)-200(the)-199(ancient)-199(story,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-367(the)-366(moon)-367(goddess,)-395(in)-367(the)-367(person)-366(of)-367(a)-366(great)-367(Roman)-366(dame,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(descended)-250(from)-250(above)-250(to)-250(woo)-250(a)-250(too)-250(real)-250(earthly)-250(lover.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.091 3.959 Td [(2481)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -223.135 -17.815 Td [(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.294 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-297(history)-296(of)-297(the)-297(rise)-296(of)-297(the)-297(new)-296(oracle)-297(in)-297(Paphlagonia)]TJ -45.883 -13.549 Td [(is)-312(not,)-328(perhaps,)-327(free)-312(from)-312(some)-312(suspicion)-312(of)-312(personal)-312(antipathy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-413(the)-413(founder)-412(of)-413(it.)-739(He)-412(attributes)-413(to)-413(Alexander)-413(not)-413(only)-412(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(most)-251(daring)-250(deceit)-251(and)-251(calculating)-251(quackery,)-250(but)-251(also)-251(the)-250(foulest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vices)-433(known)-432(to)-433(the)-432(ancient)-432(world.)-798(These)-432(latter)-433(charges)-432(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-357(may)-356(not)-357(be)-357(true.)-570(Theological)-356(or)-357(anti-theological)-357(hatred)-356(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-370(all)-370(ages)-370(too)-370(often)-371(used)-370(the)-370(poisoned)-370(arrow.)-610(And)-370(the)-370(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(character)-301(of)-301(Alexander)-301(has)-300(less)-301(interest)-301(for)-301(us)-301(than)-301(the)-300(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(condition)-318(of)-317(his)-318(many)-318(admirers)-318(and)-317(votaries.)-453(He)-318(can)-318(hardly)-317(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acquitted)-341(of)-340(some)-341(form)-341(of)-341(more)-340(or)-341(less)-341(pious)-340(imposture.)-522(How)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far)-228(it)-229(was)-228(accompanied)-229(by)-228(real)-229(religious)-228(enthusiasm)-229(is)-228(a)-228(problem)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-351(will)-350(be)-351(variously)-351(solved,)-376(and)-351(which)-350(is)-351(hardly)-351(worth)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trouble)-208(of)-208(investigation,)-217(even)-208(if)-208(the)-209(materials)-208(existed)-208(for)-208(a)-208(certain)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(answer.)-578(But)-360(the)-359(eager)-359(readiness)-360(of)-359(a)-359(whole)-360(population)-359(to)-359(hail)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.071 Td [(2480)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.416 0 Td [(cc.)-250(36-48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.537 -7.311 Td [(2481)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Alex.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.416 0 Td [(c.)-250(38.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2558 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2559 0 R /Resources 2557 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2561 0 R >> endobj 2560 0 obj << /D [2558 0 R /XYZ 151.305 355.585 null] >> endobj 2557 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2564 0 obj << /Length 5525 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(578)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-330(appearance)-330(of)-330(a)-330(new)-330(god,)-350(and)-330(the)-330(acceptance)-330(of)-330(his)-329(claims)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-439(men)-440(the)-439(most)-439(cultivated)-439(and)-439(highly)-440(placed)-439(in)-439(the)-439(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Empire,)-480(are)-434(facts)-433(on)-434(which)-434(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 160.79 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-434(testimony,)-480(addressed)-433(to)]TJ -164.422 -13.549 Td [(contemporaries,)-468(cannot)-424(be)-424(rejected.)-773(Nor)-424(is)-424(there)-424(anything)-424(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(our)-334(knowledge)-335(of)-334(the)-334(period)-334(from)-335(other)-334(sources)-334(which)-334(renders)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-295(thing)-295(doubtful.)-384(Creative)-294(mythology)-295(had)-295(revived)-295(its)-294(activity.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Not)-485(long)-485(before)-485(the)-484(epiphany)-485(of)-485(Glycon,)-544(in)-485(a)-484(neighbouring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(part)-400(of)-399(Asia)-400(Minor)-400(the)-400(Apostles)-399(Paul)-400(and)-400(Barnabas,)-437(after)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miraculous)-281(cure)-280(of)-281(the)-281(impotent)-280(man,)-289(had)-280(difficulty)-281(in)-280(escaping)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(divine)-401(honours.)-705(The)-401(Carpocratians,)-439(a)-401(Gnostic)-402(sect,)-439(about)-401(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-315(time)-315(built)-315(a)-316(temple)-315(in)-315(honour)-315(of)-315(the)-315(youthful)-315(son)-315(of)-315(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(founder.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.655 3.959 Td [(2482)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.895 -3.959 Td [(The)-303(corn-goddess)-303(Annona)-303(first)-302(appears)-303(in)-303(the)-303(first)]TJ -57.55 -13.549 Td [(century,)-357(and)-336(inscriptions,)-358(both)-336(in)-335(Italy)-336(and)-336(Africa,)-358(were)-336(set)-335(up)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-328(honour)-329(of)-328(the)-329(power)-328(who)-329(presided)-328(over)-329(the)-328(commissariat)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-386(Roman)-385(mob.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 75.381 3.959 Td [(2483)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.6 -3.959 Td [(The)-385(youthful)-386(favourite)-385(of)-386(Hadrian,)-419(after)]TJ -98.981 -13.549 Td [(his)-305(mysterious)-305(death)-304(in)-305(the)-305(waters)-305(of)-305(the)-304(Nile,)-319(was)-305(glorified)-304(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instant)-365(apotheosis.)-593(His)-365(statues)-364(rose)-365(in)-364(every)-365(market-place)-364(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([478])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(temple)-369(court;)-428(his)-369(soul)-368(was)-369(supposed)-369(to)-369(have)-368(found)-369(a)-369(home)-368(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-362(new)-361(star)-362(in)-361(the)-362(region)-361(of)-362(the)-361(milky)-362(way;)-417(temples)-362(were)-361(built)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-289(his)-289(honour,)-299(and)-289(the)-289(strange)-289(cult)-289(was)-289(maintained)-289(for)-289(at)-289(least)-289(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hundred)-238(years)-237(after)-238(any)-238(motive)-238(could)-237(be)-238(found)-238(for)-238(adulation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2484)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-248(Cynic)-248(brothers,)-248(and)-248(the)-247(gaping)-248(crowd)-248(who)-248(stood)-248(around)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pyre)-321(of)-321(Peregrinus)-321(at)-321(Olympia)-321(were)-320(eager,)-339(as)-321(we)-321(have)-321(seen,)-338(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hail)-366(the)-366(flight)-366(of)-367(a)-366(great)-366(soul)-366(to)-366(join)-366(the)-366(heroes)-366(and)-366(demigods)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-301(Olympus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.499 3.959 Td [(2485)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.825 -3.959 Td [(The)-301(cult)-300(of)-301(M.)-301(Aurelius)-301(was)-300(maintained)-301(by)-301(an)]TJ -75.324 -13.549 Td [(enthusiasm)-374(very)-374(different)-374(from)-374(the)-374(conventional)-374(apotheosis)-373(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-342(head)-342(of)-341(the)-342(Roman)-342(State.)-526(We)-341(are)-342(told)-342(that)-342(he)-342(was)-341(adored,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-290(every)-289(age)-290(and)-289(sex)-290(and)-290(class,)-299(long)-290(after)-289(his)-290(death.)-369(His)-289(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(image)-253(found)-254(a)-253(place)-254(among)-253(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 139.59 0 Td [(penates)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.092 0 Td [(of)-253(every)-254(household,)-254(and)]TJ -175.682 -13.55 Td [(the)-238(home)-238(where)-238(it)-238(was)-238(not)-238(honoured)-238(was)-238(of)-238(more)-238(than)-238(suspected)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.394 Td [(2482)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.903 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(456.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.923 -7.311 Td [(2483)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1810,)-250(5320;)-250(cf.)-250(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.92 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Myth.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.828 0 Td [(\050Tr.\051,)-250(p.)-250(415.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -180.797 -7.311 Td [(2484)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxix,)-250(11;)-250(cf.)-250(Gregorov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 114.805 0 Td [(Hadrian)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.387 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(128.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -159.887 -7.394 Td [(2485)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(De)-250(Morte)-250(Peregr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.234 0 Td [(c.)-250(29.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2563 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2564 0 R /Resources 2562 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2561 0 R >> endobj 2565 0 obj << /D [2563 0 R /XYZ 181.876 301.388 null] >> endobj 2562 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2568 0 obj << /Length 5109 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(579)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(piety.)-232(Down)-196(to)-195(the)-196(time)-195(of)-196(Diocletian,)-207(the)-195(saintly)-196(and)-195(philosophic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor,)-248(who)-248(had)-248(preached)-247(an)-248(imperturbable)-248(indifference)-248(to)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chances)-373(and)-372(changes)-373(of)-372(life,)-404(was)-372(believed)-373(to)-372(visit)-373(his)-372(anxious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(votaries)-250(with)-250(dreams)-250(of)-250(promise)-250(or)-250(warning.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 193.604 3.958 Td [(2486)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -181.648 -22.117 Td [(Maximus)-367(of)-366(Tyre)-367(may)-366(have)-367(been)-367(guilty)-366(of)-367(no)-366(exaggeration)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(when)-306(he)-305(reckoned)-306(the)-306(heavenly)-305(host)-306(as)-305(thrice)-306(ten)-306(thousand.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2487)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-378(cynical)-378(voluptuary)-378(of)-378(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.129 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-378(reign,)-410(who)-378(said)-378(that)-378(a)-378(town)]TJ -146.762 -13.55 Td [(of)-329(Magna)-330(Graecia)-329(was)-329(inhabited)-329(by)-330(more)-329(gods)-329(than)-329(men,)-349(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(used)-493(a)-492(comic)-493(hyperbole)-492(to)-493(enforce)-492(a)-493(striking)-492(fact.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.564 3.959 Td [(2488)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.103 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(anthropomorphic)-393(conceptions)-394(of)-393(Deity,)-430(which)-393(were)-393(prevalent,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(easily)-238(overleapt)-237(the)-238(interval)-237(between)-238(the)-237(human)-238(and)-238(Divine.)-245(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crowds)-304(of)-304(the)-304(Antonine)-303(age)-304(were)-304(as)-304(ready)-304(to)-304(recognise)-304(the)-303(god)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-305(human)-304(form)-305(as)-305(the)-305(Athenians)-304(of)-305(the)-305(days)-304(of)-305(Pisistratus,)-318(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believed)-334(that)-334(they)-334(saw)-333(in)-334(the)-334(gigantic)-334(Phye)-334(an)-334(epiphany)-334(of)-333(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-257(goddess)-258(of)-257(their)-257(Acropolis,)-260(leading)-257(the)-257(tyrant)-258(home.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.137 3.959 Td [(2489)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.406 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(the)-248(minds)-247(of)-248(a)-247(philosophic)-248(minority,)-247(nurtured)-248(on)-247(the)-248(theology)-247(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plato,)-209(there)-199(might)-200(be)-199(the)-199(dim)-199(conception)-199(of)-199(one)-199(awful)-199(and)-199(remote)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Power,)-370(far)-346(removed)-346(from)-347(the)-346(grossness)-346(of)-346(earth,)-370(far)-346(above)-346(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dreams)-299(of)-299(mythologic)-300(poetry)-299(and)-299(the)-299(materialist)-299(imagination)-299(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(masses.)-392(Yet)-298(even)-297(philosophy,)-309(as)-297(we)-298(have)-297(already)-297(seen,)-309(had)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([479])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(succumbed)-395(to)-395(the)-395(craving)-395(for)-395(immediate)-395(contact)1(,)-432(or)-395(for)-394(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(means)-283(of)-283(communication,)-291(with)-283(the)-283(Infinite)-283(Spirit.)-349(The)-282(daemons)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-262(Plutarch)-262(and)-262(Maximus)-261(of)-262(Tyre)-262(were)-262(really)-262(a)-262(new)-261(philosophic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mythology,)-513(created)-461(to)-461(give)-460(meaning)-461(and)-461(morality)-460(to)-461(the)-460(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gods.)-510(These)-337(hosts)-337(of)-336(baleful)-337(or)-337(ministering)-336(spirits,)-359(with)-336(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-410(Platonist)-411(surrounded)-410(the)-410(life)-411(of)-410(man,)-450(divine)-411(in)-410(the)-410(sweep)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(their)-358(power,)-386(human)-359(in)-359(their)-358(passions)-359(or)-359(sympathies,)-385(belong)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-284(to)-284(the)-284(same)-284(order)-284(as)-284(the)-284(Poseidon)-284(who)-284(pursued)-283(Odysseus)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.228 Td [(2486)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Jul.)-244(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.729 0 Td [(M.)-232(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.569 0 Td [(c.)-244(18,)-236(hodieque)-232(in)-232(multis)-232(domibus)-232(M.)-232(Antonini)-232(statuae)]TJ -86.253 -10.959 Td [(consistunt)-303(inter)-303(deos)-303(penates)-303(...)-409(sacrilegus)-303(judicatus)-303(est)-303(qui)-303(ejus)-303(imaginem)-303(in)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(sua)-250(domo)-250(non)-250(habuit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2487)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.349 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(xiv.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -73.469 -7.31 Td [(2488)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.311 Td [(2489)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herod.)-250(i.)-250(60.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2567 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2568 0 R /Resources 2566 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2561 0 R >> endobj 2569 0 obj << /D [2567 0 R /XYZ 120.25 256.131 null] >> endobj 2566 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2572 0 obj << /Length 5271 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(580)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(with)-335(tempest,)-355(or)-335(the)-335(Moon)-334(goddess)-335(who)-334(descended)-335(on)-334(Latmus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-263(kiss)-262(the)-263(sleeping)-263(Endymion.)-288(Anthropomorphic)-263(paganism)-262(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far)-260(from)-259(dead;)-264(it)-260(was)-259(destined)-260(to)-259(live)-260(openly)-259(for)-260(more)-259(than)-259(three)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hundred)-367(years,)-397(and)-367(to)-368(prolong)-367(a)-367(secret)-368(life)-367(of)-367(subtle)-367(influence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(under)-250(altered)-250(forms,)-250(the)-250(term)-250(of)-250(which)-250(who)-250(shall)-250(venture)-250(to)-250(fix?)]TJ 11.956 -15.318 Td [(The)-804(daemons)-805(of)-804(the)-804(Platonic)-805(philosophers)-804(find)-804(their)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(counterpart)-362(in)-361(the)-362(popular)-362(cult)-361(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 153.948 0 Td [(genii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(.)-585(If)-362(there)-361(was)-362(a)-362(visible)]TJ -175.766 -13.549 Td [(tendency)-473(to)-473(syncretism)-472(and)-473(monotheistic)-473(faith)-473(in)-473(the)-472(second)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(century,)-661(there)-578(was)-579(a)-578(no)-579(less)-578(manifest)-579(drift)-578(to)-579(the)-578(endless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(multiplication)-618(of)-617(spiritual)-618(powers.)-1352(The)-618(tendency,)-709(indeed,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-557(create)-556(divine)-557(representatives)-556(of)-557(physical)-556(forces)-557(and)-556(dim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abstract)-353(qualities)-352(was)-353(from)-352(early)-353(ages)-353(congenial)-352(to)-353(the)-352(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind.)-958(All)-486(the)-486(phenomena)-486(of)-486(nature)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 170.731 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(every)-486(act,)-545(pursuit,)-545(or)]TJ -181.64 -13.549 Td [(vicissitude)-235(in)-235(human)-235(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 107.082 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(found)-235(a)-235(spiritual)-235(patron)-235(in)-235(the)-235(Roman)]TJ -117.991 -13.549 Td [(imagination.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.851 3.958 Td [(2490)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.361 -3.958 Td [(But)-256(the)-256(tendency)-256(received)-256(an)-256(immense)-256(impulse)]TJ -74.212 -13.55 Td [(in)-394(the)-394(age)-393(with)-394(which)-394(we)-394(are)-393(dealing,)-430(and)-394(the)-394(inscriptions)-393(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-424(imperial)-425(period)-424(reveal)-424(an)-425(almost)-424(inexhaustible)-424(fertility)-424(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-410(fancy.)-730(Every)-410(locality,)-450(every)-410(society)-410(and)-409(occupation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-489(men,)-548(has)-488(its)-489(patron)-488(genius,)-548(to)-489(whom)-488(divine)-489(honours)-488(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paid)-365(or)-365(recorded,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.722 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(the)-365(canton,)-394(the)-365(municipalit)1(y,)-394(the)-365(curia;)-423(the)]TJ -87.632 -13.55 Td [(spring)-276(or)-276(grove;)-289(the)-277(legion)-276(or)-276(cohort)-276(or)-276(troop;)-289(the)-276(college)-276(of)-276(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paviors)-255(or)-256(smiths)-255(or)-255(actors;)-258(the)-256(emperors,)-256(or)-256(even)-255(the)-255(great)-255(gods)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.207 3.959 Td [(2491)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -39.252 -19.277 Td [(The)-482(old)-481(gods)-482(of)-481(Latium)-482(still)-481(retained)-482(a)-481(firm)-482(hold)-481(on)-482(the)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(devotion)-266(of)-265(the)-266(simple)-265(masses,)-270(as)-266(crowds)-265(of)-266(inscriptions)-265(record.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-347(ancient)-347(religion,)-371(in)-347(its)-347(cruder)-347(forms,)-371(divided)-347(and)-347(localised)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-226(Divine)-226(power)-226(by)-227(endless)-226(demarcations)-226(of)-226(place)-226(and)-226(function.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Although)-254(the)-253(Roman)-254(centurion)-253(or)-254(merchant)-254(might)-253(believe)-254(in)-253(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([480])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(power)-331(of)-331(his)-331(familiar)-331(gods)-331(to)-331(follow)-331(him)-331(with)-331(their)-330(protection,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-222(never)-221(forgot)-222(them,)-228(still)-221(each)-222(region,)-227(to)-222(which)-222(his)-221(wanderings)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 102.988 Td [(2490)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(Myth.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.828 0 Td [(p.)-250(65,)-250(66,)-250(387.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.91 -7.31 Td [(2491)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.538 0 Td [(Or.)-595(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.473 0 Td [(Ind.)-595(pp.)-594(27,)-394(28;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.045 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.494 0 Td [(especially)-365(1730)-365(\050genius)-365(Jovis\051,)-393(1812)]TJ -145.506 -10.959 Td [(\050Neronis\051,)-401(193)-371(\050Arvernorum\051,)-401(2204)-371(\050Col.)-612(Ostiensis\051,)-401(689)-371(\050municipii\051,)-401(1704)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(\050legionis\051,)-250(4113)-250(\050pavimentariorum\051,)-250(6628)-250(\050fontis\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2571 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2572 0 R /Resources 2570 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2561 0 R >> endobj 2573 0 obj << /D [2571 0 R /XYZ 315.316 148.809 null] >> endobj 2570 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2576 0 obj << /Length 5612 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(581)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(carried)-511(him,)-576(had)-511(its)-511(peculiar)-511(spirits,)-576(who)-511(wielded)-511(a)-510(special)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(potency)-248(within)-247(their)-248(own)-248(domain,)-248(and)-248(whom)-247(it)-248(was)-248(necessary)-247(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(propitiate.)-527(On)-342(hundreds)-343(of)-342(provincial)-342(inscriptions)-343(we)-342(can)-342(read)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-231(catholic)-230(superstition)-231(of)-230(the)-231(Roman)-231(legionary.)-243(The)-231(mystery)-230(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(desert)-306(or)-307(forest,)-320(the)-307(dangers)-306(of)-306(march)-307(and)-306(bivouack,)-320(stimulated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-434(devotion.)-803(If)-434(he)-434(does)-434(not)-435(know)-434(the)-434(names)-434(of)-434(the)-434(strange)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deities,)-403(he)-372(will)-372(invoke)-373(them)-372(collectively)-372(side)-373(by)-372(side)-372(with)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gods)-353(whom)-353(he)-353(has)-353(been)-354(taught)-353(to)-353(venerate.)-559(He)-353(will)-353(adore)-353(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(genius)-215(loci,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.919 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.958 Td [(2492)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.783 -3.958 Td [(or)-215(all)-215(the)-215(gods)-215(of)-215(Mauritania)-215(or)-214(of)-215(Britain.)-239(And)]TJ -78.39 -13.55 Td [(so)-168(the)-169(deities)-168(of)-168(Alsace)-169(and)-168(Dacia)-168(and)-169(Lusitania,)-184(of)-169(the)-168(Sahara)-168(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cumberland,)-227(easily)-221(took)-221(their)-222(place)-221(in)-221(his)-221(growing)-222(pantheon.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2493)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(They)-303(were)-304(constantly)-303(identified)-304(with)-303(the)-303(great)-304(figures)-303(of)-303(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-197(Roman)-197(mythology.)-232(Many)-197(an)-197(inscription)-197(is)-197(dedicated)-197(to)-197(Apollo)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Grannus)-389(of)-389(Alsace,)-424(whom)-390(Caracalla)-389(invoked)-389(for)-389(the)-389(recovery)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-369(his)-369(health,)-399(along)-369(with)-369(Serapis)-369(and)-369(Aesculapius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.265 3.959 Td [(2494)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.06 -3.959 Td [(Apollo)]TJ -250.325 -13.549 Td [(Belenus,)-488(a)-441(favourite)-441(deity)-440(in)-441(Southern)-441(Gaul,)-488(was)-441(the)-440(special)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patron)-275(of)-275(Aquileia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.253 3.959 Td [(2495)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.975 -3.959 Td [(Batucardus)-275(and)-274(Cocideus)-275(received)-275(vows)]TJ -103.227 -13.549 Td [(and)-320(dedications)-320(in)-320(Cumberland)-319(and)-320(Westmorland,)-338(Arardus)-319(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Agho)-217(in)-218(the)-218(Pyrenees,)-224(Abnoba)-217(in)-218(the)-217(Black)-218(Forest;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.334 3.958 Td [(2496)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.93 -3.958 Td [(and)-217(many)]TJ -238.264 -13.55 Td [(another)-229(deity)-228(with)-229(strange,)-233(outlandish)-229(name,)-233(like)-229(their)-228(provincial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(votaries,)-204(were)-192(honoured)-193(with)-192(sacred)-193(Roman)-192(citizenship,)-204(and)-192(took)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-164(places,)-181(although)-164(in)-164(a)-164(lower)-164(grade,)-181(with)-164(Serapis)-164(of)-164(Alexandria)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-357(Asclepius)-357(of)-357(Epidaurus.)-570(The)-357(local)-357(heroes)-357(were)-357(also)-356(adored)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-383(wayside)-384(shrines)-383(or)-384(altars,)-416(which)-384(met)-383(the)-384(traveller)-383(in)-383(lonely)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(passes.)-324(In)-275(the)-275(heart)-275(of)-275(the)-275(Nubian)-274(desert,)-281(inscriptions,)-281(scratched)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-297(obelisk)-296(or)-297(temple)-297(porch,)-308(attest)-297(the)-296(all-embracing)-297(faith)-297(of)-296(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-361(legionary.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.385 3.959 Td [(2497)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.797 -3.959 Td [(At)-361(Carlsbourg)-361(in)-361(Transylvania,)-389(a)-361(legate)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.551 Td [(2492)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-885(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.943 0 Td [(2135,)-514(Sei)-462(Deo)-462(Sei)-461(Deivae)-462(Sac.)-885(etc.;)-567(1580,)-515(Aesculapio)-461(et)]TJ -56.898 -10.959 Td [(Hygiae)-389(caeterisque)-389(diis)-389(deabusque)-389(hujus)-389(loci)-389(Salutaribus;)-459(5902,)-424(Hospitibus)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(diis)-250(Mauricis)-250(et)-250(genio)-250(loci,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2493)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.339 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(c.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.455 -7.31 Td [(2494)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1997-2001;)-250(cf.)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxxvii.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(2495)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(823,)-250(1967.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(2496)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1959,)-250(1986,)-250(1954;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.949 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(1556,)-250(3097;)-250(viii.)-250(9195,)-250(4578,)-250(8834.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -128.514 -7.311 Td [(2497)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(pp.)-250(482-4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2575 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2576 0 R /Resources 2574 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2561 0 R >> endobj 2577 0 obj << /D [2575 0 R /XYZ 59.752 220.093 null] >> endobj 2574 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2580 0 obj << /Length 6352 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(582)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-306(the)-306(5th)-306(Legion)-307(records)-306(his)-306(own)-306(gratitude)-306(to)-306(Aesculapius)-306(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-271(the)-272(gods)-271(and)-272(goddesses)-271(of)-272(the)-271(place,)-277(and)-272(that)-271(of)-272(his)-271(wife)-271(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(daughter,)-287(for)-280(the)-280(recovery)-280(of)-280(his)-279(sight.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.27 3.959 Td [(2498)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.142 -3.959 Td [(A)-280(praetorian)-280(prefect,)]TJ -189.412 -13.549 Td [(visiting)-349(the)-349(hot)-349(springs)-348(of)-349(Vif)-349(left)-349(a)-349(graceful)-349(inscription)-349(to)-348(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([481])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(gods)-336(of)-335(the)-336(eternal)-335(fire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.219 3.959 Td [(2499)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.964 -3.959 Td [(A)-335(legate)-336(of)-335(the)-336(5th)-335(Legion)-336(returns)]TJ -127.183 -13.549 Td [(pious)-201(thanks)-201(to)-201(Hercules)-201(and)-201(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 141.625 0 Td [(genius)-201(loci)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.041 0 Td [(,)-211(at)-201(the)-201(baths)-201(in)-201(Dacia)]TJ -188.666 -13.549 Td [(sacred)-301(to)-301(the)-302(hero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 81.65 3.959 Td [(2500)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.842 -3.959 Td [(Many)-301(a)-301(slab)-302(pays)-301(honour)-301(to)-301(the)-301(nymphs)]TJ -102.492 -13.549 Td [(who)-324(guarded)-324(the)-324(secret)-324(spring,)-343(especially)-324(where)-324(a)-324(source,)-342(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(since)-287(forgotten,)-296(had)-287(resumed)-287(its)-287(flow.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.641 3.958 Td [(2501)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.378 -3.958 Td [(A)-287(chief)-287(magistrate)-287(of)]TJ -187.019 -13.55 Td [(Lambesi)-229(is)-228(specially)-229(grateful)-228(that)-229(the)-228(town)-229(has)-228(been)-229(refreshed)-228(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-218(new)-218(fountain)-218(during)-218(his)-218(year)-218(of)-218(office.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 173.264 3.959 Td [(2502)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.049 -3.959 Td [(The)-218(heroes)-218(of)-218(poetic)]TJ -192.313 -13.549 Td [(legend)-326(were)-325(still)-326(believed)-326(to)-325(haunt)-326(the)-326(scene)-325(of)-326(their)-325(struggles.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apollonius)-223(once)-222(spent)-223(a)-223(night)-222(in)-223(ghostly)-223(converse)-222(with)-223(the)-222(shade)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(Achilles)-359(beside)-360(his)-359(tomb)-359(in)-359(the)-359(Troad,)-387(and)-359(was)-359(charged)-359(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-238(divine)-238(warrior)-238(to)-239(convey)-238(his)-238(reproaches)-238(for)-238(the)-238(neglect)-238(of)-238(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worship)-290(in)-290(the)-290(old)-291(Thessalian)-290(home)-290(of)-290(the)-290(Myrmidons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.187 3.959 Td [(2503)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.479 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(Troad)-327(had)-326(a)-327(hero)-327(of)-326(much)-327(later)-326(date,)-346(the)-327(proconsul)-326(Neryllinus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-250(was)-250(believed)-250(to)-250(deliver)-250(oracles)-250(and)-250(to)-250(heal)-250(the)-250(sick.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.705 3.959 Td [(2504)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -233.75 -18.145 Td [(In)-173(a)-173(time)-173(of)-174(such)-173(vivid)-173(belief)-173(in)-173(the)-173(universal)-173(presence)-173(of)-174(divine)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(beings,)-392(faith)-364(in)-364(miracle)-364(was)-364(a)-364(matter)-364(of)-364(course.)-592(Christian)-363(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pagan)-269(were)-268(here)-269(at)-269(least)-269(on)-268(common)-269(ground.)-306(Nay,)-274(the)-268(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apologists)-346(did)-347(not)-346(dispute)-347(the)-346(possibility)-346(of)-347(pagan)-346(miracles,)-370(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-202(of)-203(pagan)-202(oracular)-202(inspiration.)-234(It)-203(is)-202(curious)-202(to)-203(see)-202(that)-202(Origen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-330(Celsus,)-350(as)-329(regards)-330(the)-330(probability)-330(of)-330(recurring)-330(miracle,)-349(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-404(very)-403(much)-404(the)-404(same)-403(plane)-404(of)-403(spiritual)-404(belief,)-442(and)-404(that)-403(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Christian)-280(apologist)-281(is)-280(fighting)-280(with)-280(one)-281(arm)-280(tied.)-341(He)-280(is)-280(disabled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-259(delivering)-259(his)-259(assaults)-258(at)-259(the)-259(heart)-259(of)-259(the)-259(enemy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 232.043 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-259(position.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.859 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 148.046 Td [(2498)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1580.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(2499)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(5689.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(2500)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1560.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2501)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1632,)-250(4,)-250(7;)-250(Nymphis)-250(ob)-250(reditum)-250(aquarum,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2502)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(5758.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(2503)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.271 0 Td [(Apoll.)-572(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.176 0 Td [(iv.)-572(16,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 28.996 0 Td [(\230\265\304\304\261\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.925 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.839 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.259 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)-357(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.344 0 Td [(p)-357(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.677 0 Td [(\275\261\263\257\303\274\261\304\261)-357(\307\301\314\275\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 71.609 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\264\267)]TJ -271.546 -10.959 Td [(\300\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.915 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-250(\265\272\273\265\273\277\257\300\261\303\257)-250(\274\277\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.984 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -87.185 -7.394 Td [(2504)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Friedl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(Sittengesch.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.325 0 Td [(iii.)-250(p.)-250(479.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2579 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2580 0 R /Resources 2578 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2561 0 R >> endobj 2581 0 obj << /D [2579 0 R /XYZ 360.842 477.528 null] >> endobj 2578 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2584 0 obj << /Length 5272 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(583)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(The)-260(gods)-261(of)-260(heathenism)-260(are)-261(still)-260(to)-260(him)-261(living)-260(and)-260(potent)-260(spirits,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-361(they)-361(are)-361(spirits)-361(of)-361(evil.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.827 3.959 Td [(2505)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.797 -3.959 Td [(The)-361(pagan)-361(daemonology,)]TJ -167.624 -13.549 Td [(on)-404(its)-403(worse)-404(side,)-442(had)-404(been)-404(accepted)-404(by)-403(the)-404(champion)-404(of)-403(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Church.)-429(Yet)-310(it)-310(is)-310(hard)-309(to)-310(see)-310(how,)-325(on)-309(such)-310(principles,)-325(he)-309(could)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deal)-400(with)-399(the)-400(daemon)-399(of)-400(the)-400(Apolline)-399(shrine)-400(at)-399(Delphi,)-437(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-417(denounced)-418(the)-417(Spartan)-418(Glaucus)-417(for)-418(the)-417(mere)-418(thought)-417(of)-417(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(breach)-475(of)-475(faith)-475(to)-475(his)-475(friend,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.058 3.959 Td [(2506)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.233 -3.959 Td [(or)-475(the)-475(daemon)-475(who)-475(lurked)]TJ -156.291 -13.549 Td [(under)-353(the)-353(pure)-352(stately)-353(form)-353(of)-353(Athene)-352(Polissouchos,)-379(when)-352(she)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(threw)-390(a)-389(maiden)-390(goddess)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 109.703 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-390(protection)-389(around)-390(the)-390(Antigones)-389(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 177.689 0 Td [([482])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(Athens.)-265(In)-255(the)-254(field)-255(of)-255(miracle)-255(in)-255(the)-255(second)-255(century)-255(the)-254(heathen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-290(easily)-290(match)-289(the)-290(Christian.)-370(With)-289(gods)-290(in)-290(every)-290(grove)-289(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fountain,)-389(and)-362(on)-361(every)-362(mountain)-361(summit;)-418(with)-361(gods)-361(breathing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-292(the)-292(winds)-293(and)-292(flashing)-292(in)-292(the)-293(lightning,)-302(or)-293(the)-292(ray)-292(of)-292(sun)-292(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(star,)-424(heaving)-388(in)-389(the)-389(earthquake)-389(or)-389(the)-389(November)-389(storm)-389(in)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Aegean,)-449(watching)-410(over)-409(every)-410(society)-409(of)-410(men)-409(congregated)-409(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-248(purpose,)-248(guarding)-248(the)-248(solitary)-247(hunter)-248(or)-248(traveller)-248(in)-248(the)-247(Alps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-364(the)-365(Sahara,)-393(what)-364(is)-364(called)-365(miracle)-364(became)-364(as)-365(natural)-364(to)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heathen)-402(as)-401(the)-402(rising)-401(of)-402(the)-401(sun.)-705(In)-402(fact,)-439(if)-402(the)-401(gods)-402(had)-401(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(displayed)-342(their)-341(power)-342(in)-341(some)-342(startling)-341(way,)-365(their)-341(worshippers)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(would)-289(have)-289(been)-289(shocked)-289(and)-288(forlorn.)-367(But)-289(the)-289(gods)-289(did)-289(not)-288(fail)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-381(votaries.)-642(Unquestioning)-381(and)-381(imperious)-381(faith)-381(in)-381(this)-380(kind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-325(always)-325(rewarded,)-343(or)-325(can)-325(always)-325(explain)-325(its)-324(disappointments.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-325(Epicurean,)-343(the)-325(Cynic,)-343(or)-324(the)-325(Aristotelian,)-343(might)-325(pour)-324(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cold)-255(scorn)-255(on)-255(tales)-255(of)-256(wonder.)-265(An)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 150.773 0 Td [(illumin\351)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.543 0 Td [(like)-255(Lucian,)-256(attached)]TJ -189.316 -13.549 Td [(to)-359(no)-359(school,)-386(and)-359(living)-359(merely)-359(in)-359(the)-359(light)-359(of)-359(clear)-359(cultivated)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sense,)-218(might)-209(shake)-209(his)-210(sides)-209(with)-210(laughter)-209(at)-209(the)-210(tales)-209(which)-209(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vouched)-234(for)-234(by)-235(a)-234(spiritualist)-234(philosophy.)-245(But)-234(the)-234(drift)-234(of)-234(the)-234(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-208(against)-207(all)-208(such)-208(protests.)-236(The)-207(Divine)-208(power)-208(was)-207(everywhere,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(miracle)-250(was)-250(in)-250(the)-250(air.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 120.927 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.031 Td [(2505)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Orig.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.551 0 Td [(C.)-274(Celsum)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.574 0 Td [(,)-279(lib.)-321(iii.)-321(p.)-320(124,)-279(ed.)-321(Spencer;)-285(lib.)-321(vii.)-320(p.)-321(334,)-279(Friedl.)-321(iv.)-321(p.)]TJ -71.08 -10.959 Td [(458;)-226(S.)-215(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.939 0 Td [(De)-215(Civ.)-238(D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.849 0 Td [(xix.)-238(23,)-222(quis)-214(ita)-215(stultus)-214(est)-215(qui)-214(non)-215(intelligat)-215(...)-238(consilio)]TJ -86.788 -10.959 Td [(simili)-265(ab)-265(impuris)-266(daemonibus)-265(ita)-265(fuisse)-265(responsa,)-269(etc.;)-273(cf.)-295(viii.)-296(22,)-269(mirabilibus)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(et)-250(fallacibus)-250(signis)-250(sive)-250(factorum)-250(sive)-250(praedictorum)-250(deos)-250(se)-250(esse)-250(persuaserunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(2506)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodot.)-250(vi.)-250(86.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2583 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2584 0 R /Resources 2582 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2586 0 R >> endobj 2585 0 obj << /D [2583 0 R /XYZ 75.862 409.782 null] >> endobj 2582 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2589 0 obj << /Length 4715 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(584)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Enough)-419(has)-418(been)-419(said)-419(of)-419(the)-418(dreams)-419(and)-419(signs)-419(and)-418(omens)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(which)-218(in)-217(the)-218(first)-217(and)-218(second)-217(century)-218(heralded)-217(every)-218(accession)-217(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-305(throne)-305(and)-305(every)-306(death)-305(of)-305(a)-305(prince,)-319(and)-305(which)-305(even)-305(Tacitus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(records)-217(wit)1(h)-217(more)-216(or)-217(less)-216(vacillating)-217(faith.)-239(Enough,)-223(too,)-223(has)-216(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(said)-289(of)-288(the)-289(miracles)-288(of)-288(healing)-289(which)-288(were)-289(wrought)-288(by)-289(the)-288(sons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-328(Asclepius)-328(in)-328(his)-329(many)-328(shrines)-328(from)-328(Pergamum)-328(to)-328(the)-328(island)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-296(the)-296(Tiber.)-389(The)-296(miracles)-296(wrought)-296(by)-296(Vespasian)-296(at)-296(Alexandria)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-371(the)-371(most)-371(hackneyed)-372(example)-371(of)-371(belief)-371(in)-371(miracle,)-401(because)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-244(tale)-244(is)-244(told)-244(by)-244(the)-244(greatest)-244(master)-244(of)-244(vivid)-244(narrative)-244(in)-244(a)-244(book)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-225(every)-224(educated)-225(man)-224(has)-224(read.)-242(The)-224(sensible)-225(Vespasian)-224(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-295(confident)-295(of)-295(his)-295(power)-295(to)-295(give)-295(energy)-294(to)-295(the)-295(impotent,)-306(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-212(the)-212(strength)-212(of)-213(a)-212(dream)-212(sent)-212(by)-212(Serapis,)-220(just)-212(as)-212(he)-212(jested)-212(on)-212(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deathbed)-350(about)-349(his)-350(approaching)-349(apotheosis.)-548(But)-350(the)-349(efficiency)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-485(the)-485(imperial)-485(touch)-485(was)-485(vouched)-485(for)-485(by)-485(eye-witnesses,)-543(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(whom)-286(Tacitus)-286(would)-286(not)-287(refuse)-286(his)-286(credence.)-358(The)-286(chronicler)-286(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-341(age)-340(of)-341(Diocletian)-340(has)-340(surrounded)-341(the)-340(death-bed)-341(of)-340(Hadrian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-392(similar)-392(wonders.)-675(A)-392(blind)-392(man)-392(from)-392(Pannonia)-392(came)-391(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([483])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(touched)-345(the)-345(fever-wracked)-345(emperor,)-369(and)-345(immediately)-344(regained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-378(sight.)-633(The)-378(legend)-377(of)-378(the)-378(Thundering)-377(Legion)-378(was)-378(long)-377(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(battle-ground)-304(of)-305(opposing)-304(faiths)-305(equally)-304(credulous,)-318(and)-304(equally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bent)-326(on)-327(securing)-326(the)-327(credit)-326(of)-326(supernatural)-327(powers.)-479(The)-326(timely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rainfall)-348(was)-348(attributed)-348(with)-348(equal)-348(assurance)-348(to)-348(the)-348(incantations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-228(an)-227(Egyptian)-228(sorcerer,)-232(to)-228(the)-227(prayers)-228(of)-228(the)-227(believers)-228(in)-227(Jupiter,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-409(the)-409(prayers)-410(of)-409(the)-409(believers)-409(in)-410(Christ.)-727(Apuleius,)-449(who)-409(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(himself)-437(prosecuted)-437(for)-437(practising)-436(the)-437(black)-437(art,)-484(has)-437(filled)-436(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Thessalian)-327(romance)-327(with)-327(the)-327(most)-327(astounding)-327(tales)-327(of)-327(fantastic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sorcery.)-660(He)-386(may)-387(have)-386(copied)-387(other)-387(lawless)-386(romances,)-421(but)-386(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-379(hardly)-380(have)-379(given)-380(such)-379(space)-379(to)-380(these)-379(weird)-380(arts)-379(if)-379(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(public)-224(had)-223(not)-224(had)-224(an)-223(uneasy)-224(belief)-224(in)-223(them.)-241(The)-224(home)-224(of)-223(Medea)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-300(the)-299(days)-300(of)-300(M.)-300(Aurelius)-299(was)-300(a)-300(veritable)-300(witch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 214.544 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-300(cave:)-349(the)-300(air)]TJ -218.177 -13.55 Td [(is)-330(tremulous)-331(with)-330(superstitious)-330(fear:)-411(everything)-330(seems)-330(possible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-311(the)-311(field)-311(of)-311(miraculous)-311(metamorphosis)-311(or)-311(monstrous)-311(vice.)-433(If)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apuleius)-395(had)-396(meant)-395(to)-396(discredit)-395(superstition)-395(by)-396(wedding)-395(it)-395(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disgusting)-204(sensuality,)-213(he)-204(could)-205(hardly)-204(have)-204(succeeded)-204(better.)-234(But)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2588 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2589 0 R /Resources 2587 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2586 0 R >> endobj 2590 0 obj << /D [2588 0 R /XYZ 331.127 301.388 null] >> endobj 2587 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2593 0 obj << /Length 2532 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(I.)-250(Superstition)-18557(585)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(he)-261(was)-261(more)-262(probably)-261(bent,)-264(with)-261(perverted)-261(skill,)-264(on)-261(producing)-261(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(work)-297(which)-296(might)-297(allure)-297(imaginations)-297(haunted)-296(by)-297(the)-297(ghosts)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hereditary)-313(sensuality)-314(and)-313(a)-314(spiritual)-313(terror)-314(revived)-313(in)-313(redoubled)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force.)-453(An)-318(Egyptian)-318(priest)-317(with)-318(tonsure)-318(and)-317(linen)-318(robes)-318(raises)-317(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dead)-225(man)-226(to)-225(life)-225(who)-226(has)-225(been)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 133.54 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(floating)-225(on)-226(the)-225(Stygian)-225(streams.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.403 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(Or)-215(you)-215(are)-216(admitted)-215(to)-215(a)-215(witch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.032 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-215(laboratory,)-222(open)-216(to)-215(all)-215(the)-215(winds)]TJ -134.665 -13.549 Td [(and)-223(stored)-223(with)-223(all)-222(the)-223(wreckage)-223(of)-223(human)-223(life)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 200.616 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(timbers)-223(of)-223(ships)]TJ -211.525 -13.549 Td [(splintered)-220(on)-219(cruel)-220(rocks,)-225(the)-220(curdled)-219(blood)-220(and)-219(mangled)-220(flesh)-219(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(murdered)-307(men,)-322(toothless)-307(skulls)-307(gnawed)-308(by)-307(beasts)-307(of)-308(prey.)-421(You)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(see)-195(the)-196(transformation)-195(going)-195(on)-195(before)-195(your)-196(eyes)-195(under)-195(the)-195(magic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-254(mysterious)-253(unguents,)-254(the)-254(feathers)-254(springing)-253(from)-254(the)-253(flesh,)-254(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-248(human)-247(sinking)-248(into)-248(the)-247(ass)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 132.299 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-248(form.)-249(Tales)-248(like)-247(these,)-248(which)-248(to)]TJ -135.932 -13.549 Td [(us)-246(are)-247(old)-246(wives)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.477 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.321 0 Td [(tales,)-247(may)-247(have)-246(had)-246(a)-247(strange)-246(charm)-247(for)-246(an)-247(age)]TJ -76.798 -13.549 Td [(when)-307(human)-308(life)-307(was)-308(regarded)-307(as)-308(the)-307(slave)-307(of)-308(fate,)-322(or)-307(the)-307(sport)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(inscrutable)-250(powers)-250(of)-250(the)-250(unseen)-250(universe.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2592 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2593 0 R /Resources 2591 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2586 0 R >> endobj 2591 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2594 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index17) >> endobj 2597 0 obj (II. Belief in immortality) endobj 2600 0 obj << /Length 3752 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 20.788 512.811 Td [([484])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 169.664 -35.621 Td [(CHAPTER)-279(II)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -36.093 -54.466 Td [(BELIEF)-268(IN)-269(IMMORTALITY)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -60.816 -31.401 Td [(A)-229(great)-230(part)-229(of)-229(the)-230(charm)-229(of)-230(those)-229(oriental)-229(religions,)-234(on)-229(the)-229(study)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-294(which)-294(we)-293(are)-294(about)-294(to)-294(enter,)-305(lay)-293(in)-294(the)-294(assurance)-294(which)-293(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(seemed)-315(to)-315(give)-315(of)-315(an)-315(immortal)-315(life.)-446(It)-315(would,)-331(therefore,)-331(appear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-395(necessary)-395(preface)-395(to)-394(such)-395(a)-395(review)-395(to)-395(examine)-395(some)-395(of)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conceptions)-322(of)-321(the)-322(state)-322(of)-322(the)-321(departed)-322(which)-322(the)-321(missionaries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-344(Isis)-344(and)-344(Mithra)-344(found)-344(prevalent)-344(in)-344(the)-344(minds)-344(of)-344(their)-343(future)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(votaries.)-434(Immortality,)-327(in)-311(any)-312(worthy)-311(sense,)-327(is)-311(inseparable)-311(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-429(idea)-428(of)-429(God.)-786(And)-429(the)-429(conception)-428(of)-429(continued)-429(life)-428(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(always)-265(be)-264(shaped)-265(by)-265(the)-265(character)-264(of)-265(a)-265(people)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 201.214 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-265(beliefs)-264(as)-265(to)-265(the)]TJ -204.847 -13.549 Td [(powers)-341(of)-341(the)-340(unseen)-341(world.)-523(A)-340(pantheon)-341(of)-341(dim)-341(phantasms)-340(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abstractions)-322(will)-321(not)-322(promise)-321(more)-322(than)-322(a)-321(numb)-322(spectral)-321(future)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-458(the)-457(human)-458(shade.)-873(The)-458(nectar)-457(and)-458(ambrosia)-458(of)-457(Olympian)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(feasts)-202(may)-201(have)-202(their)-202(human)-202(counterpart)-201(in)-202(an)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 199.982 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(eternal)-202(debauch.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.96 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(The)-396(Platonist)-395(will)-396(find)-395(his)-395(eternal)-396(hope)-395(in)-396(emancipation)-395(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-478(prison)-477(of)-478(the)-477(flesh,)-534(and)-478(in)-477(the)-478(immediate)-477(vision)-478(of)-477(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Unity)-387(of)-388(all)-387(beauty,)-421(truth,)-422(and)-387(goodness,)-422(which)-387(is)-387(his)-387(highest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-231(of)-230(God.)-244(But)-230(not)-231(only)-231(does)-230(religion)-231(necessarily)-230(colour)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-200(conception)-201(of)-200(the)-201(eternal)-200(state:)-225(it)-201(may)-200(also)-201(furnish)-200(the)-200(warrant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-402(a)-403(belief)-402(in)-402(it.)-707(And)-402(a)-403(religion)-402(which)-402(can)-403(give)-402(men)-402(a)-402(firm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ground)-212(for)-212(that)-212(faith)-211(will)-212(have)-212(an)-212(immense)-212(advantage)-212(over)-211(others)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-417(are)-418(less)-417(clear)-417(and)-417(confident)-418(as)-417(to)-417(another)-417(world.)-752(It)-417(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(generally)-285(admitted)-286(that)-285(the)-286(long)-285(array)-286(of)-285(philosophic)-285(arguments)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-171(immortality)-171(have)-171(by)-171(themselves)-172(little)-171(convincing)-171(power.)-223(They)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(are)-261(not)-260(stronger,)-263(nor)-261(perhaps)-260(so)-261(strong)-260(as)-261(the)-260(argument)-261(from)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wish)-272(for)-271(continued)-272(life,)-277(inveterate)-272(in)-271(the)-272(human)-272(spirit,)-277(on)-271(which)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2599 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2600 0 R /Resources 2598 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2586 0 R >> endobj 135 0 obj << /D [2599 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 2595 0 obj << /D [2599 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 2598 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2603 0 obj << /Length 6533 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(587)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Plutarch)-464(laid)-463(so)-464(much)-463(stress.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 133.857 3.959 Td [(2507)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.155 -3.959 Td [(Even)-464(amid)-463(the)-464(triumphant)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.012 0 Td [([485])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(dialectic)-394(of)-395(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 72.281 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(,)-430(an)-395(undertone)-394(of)-394(doubt)-394(in)-394(any)-395(human)]TJ -105.608 -13.549 Td [(proof)-275(of)-275(immortality)-275(is)-274(sometimes)-275(heard,)-281(along)-275(with)-275(the)-275(call)-274(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.333 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(divine)-303(doctrine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.326 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.147 0 Td [(as)-303(a)-303(bark)-303(of)-302(safety)-303(on)-303(perilous)-303(seas.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.542 3.958 Td [(2508)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-316(inextinguishable)-315(instinct)-316(of)-315(humanity)-315(craves)-316(for)-315(a)-316(voice)-315(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revelation)-250(to)-250(solve)-250(the)-250(mystery)-250(of)-250(life)-250(and)-250(death.)]TJ 11.956 -21.706 Td [(The)-368(Roman)-369(spirit,)-398(down)-368(to)-368(the)-369(Antonine)-368(age,)-398(had)-368(been)-368(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(subject)-369(of)-369(many)-368(influences)-369(which)-369(had)-369(inspired)-369(widely)-368(various)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideas)-318(of)-318(the)-318(future)-318(state.)-453(And)-318(the)-318(literary)-318(and)-318(funerary)-317(remains)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-182(Nero)-183(to)-182(M.)-183(Aurelius)-182(are)-182(full)-183(of)-182(contradictions)-183(on)-182(the)-182(subject.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nor,)-269(in)-266(the)-265(absence)-266(of)-265(authoritative)-266(revelation)-265(on)-266(a)-265(field)-266(so)-265(dark)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-366(reason,)-396(is)-366(this)-366(surprising.)-599(Even)-366(Christian)-366(teaching,)-395(while)-366(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offers)-284(a)-283(sure)-284(promise)-284(of)-283(a)-284(life)-284(to)-283(come,)-292(has)-284(not)-284(lifted)-283(the)-284(veil)-283(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-308(great)-308(mystery,)-322(and)-308(the)-308(material)-308(imagery)-308(of)-308(the)-307(Apocalypse,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-201(the)-200(shadowed)-201(hints)-200(of)-201(Jesus)-201(or)-200(S.)-201(Paul,)-210(have)-201(left)-200(the)-201(believer)-200(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-208(twentieth)-207(century)-208(with)-208(no)-207(clearer)-208(vision)-208(of)-207(the)-208(life)-208(beyond)-207(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tomb)-242(than)-241(that)-242(which)-242(was)-241(vouchsafed)-242(to)-242(Plato,)-243(Cicero,)-243(Virgil,)-243(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.622 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(We)-197(know)-197(not)-197(what)-196(we)-197(shall)-197(be,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 133.767 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.991 0 Td [(is)-197(the)-197(answer)-197(of)-196(every)]TJ -187.223 -13.55 Td [(seer)-349(of)-349(every)-348(age.)-547(Something)-349(will)-348(always)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 192.09 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(seal)-349(the)-349(lips)-348(of)-349(the)]TJ -196.933 -13.549 Td [(Evangelist,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.786 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.08 0 Td [(as)-205(the)-205(key)-205(of)-205(the)-205(Eumolpidae)-205(closed)-205(the)-205(lips)-205(of)-205(those)]TJ -55.866 -13.549 Td [(who)-288(had)-289(seen)-288(the)-289(vision)-288(of)-289(Eleusis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.137 3.959 Td [(2509)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.424 -3.959 Td [(The)-288(pagans)-289(of)-288(the)-289(early)]TJ -176.561 -13.549 Td [(Empire)-383(were)-383(thus,)-416(in)-383(the)-383(absence)-383(of)-383(dogma)-383(and)-383(ecclesiastical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(teaching,)-219(free)-212(to)-211(express,)-219(with)-212(perfect)-211(frankness,)-219(their)-212(unbelief)-211(or)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-261(varying)-260(conceptions)-261(of)-261(immortality,)-263(according)-261(to)-261(the)-260(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influences)-348(that)-348(had)-348(moulded)-347(them.)-544(Nor)-348(could)-348(these)-347(influences)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-496(kept)-497(apart)-496(even)-496(in)-496(the)-497(same)-496(mind.)-989(Even)-496(the)-496(poet)-496(seer,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-364(was)-363(to)-364(be)-364(the)-363(guide)-364(of)-364(Dante)-364(in)-363(the)-364(shades,)-392(has)-364(failed)-363(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blend)-273(the)-274(immemorial)-273(faith)-273(of)-274(the)-273(Latin)-273(race)-274(with)-273(the)-273(dreams)-273(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(future)-211(beatitude)-210(or)-211(anguish)-210(which)-211(came)-211(to)-210(him)-211(from)-210(Pythagorean)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.213 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.317 Td [(2507)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Non)-250(posse)-250(suav.)-250(vivi)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 73.219 0 Td [(,)-250(etc.)-250(c.)-250(26)-250(sq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.04 0 Td [(De)-250(Ser.)-250(Num.)-250(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.973 0 Td [(c.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -232.864 -7.395 Td [(2508)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.039 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.26 0 Td [(85)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 13.076 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.818 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.746 0 Td [(\274\256)-458(\304\271\302)-458(\264\315\275\261\271\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.148 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\303\306\261\273\255\303\304\265\301\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.528 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.746 0 Td [(\262\265\262\261\271\277\304\255\301\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -235.206 -10.959 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\307\256\274\261\304\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.906 0 Td [([)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(])]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.228 0 Td [(\273\314\263\277\305)-250(\270\265\257\277\305)-250(\304\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 57.877 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)-250(\264\271\261\300\277\301\265\305\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.791 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.89 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -175.925 -7.394 Td [(2509)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Soph.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(O.C.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.179 0 Td [(1055.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2602 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2603 0 R /Resources 2601 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2586 0 R >> endobj 2604 0 obj << /D [2602 0 R /XYZ 279.521 518.175 null] >> endobj 2601 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2607 0 obj << /Length 5996 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(588)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(or)-410(Platonic)-409(teaching.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.47 3.959 Td [(2510)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.388 -3.959 Td [(In)-410(the)-409(sixth)-410(book)-409(of)-410(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 114.679 0 Td [(Aeneid)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 34.762 0 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(eschatologies)-395(of)-395(old)-395(Rome)-395(and)-395(Greece)-394(are)-395(combined,)-432(but)-394(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blended,)-490(with)-443(the)-442(doctrines)-442(of)-443(transmigration)-442(and)-442(purgatorial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expiation)-425(descending)-426(from)-425(Pythagoras)-425(or)-426(the)-425(Orphic)-425(mystics.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Virgil,)-320(in)-307(fact,)-320(mirrors)-306(the)-306(confusion)-307(of)-306(beliefs)-306(which)-306(prevailed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-335(his)-335(own)-335(age,)-356(and)-335(which)-335(pre-eminently)-335(characterised)-335(the)-335(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(Antonines.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([486])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -14.021 Td [(Along)-287(with)-288(other)-287(archaic)-287(elements)-288(of)-287(the)-287(Latin)-288(faith,)-296(the)-287(cult)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-351(the)-351(Manes)-351(hel)1(d)-351(its)-351(ground,)-376(especially)-351(in)-351(secluded)-351(homes)-350(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-253(Italian)-254(piety.)-260(The)-254(most)-253(ancient)-254(Indo-European)-253(conception)-253(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(state)-276(after)-275(death)-276(was)-275(that)-276(of)-275(a)-276(continuance)-275(or)-276(faint,)-281(shadowy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reproduction)-360(of)-359(the)-360(life)-359(on)-360(earth;)-414(it)-359(was)-360(not)-359(that)-360(of)-359(a)-360(vast)-359(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysterious)-342(change)-343(to)-342(a)-343(supernatural)-342(order.)-528(The)-342(departed)-342(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-184(believed)-185(to)-184(linger)-184(in)-185(a)-184(dim)-184(existence)-185(in)-184(the)-184(vault)-185(or)-184(grave)-184(near)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-268(familiar)-267(homestead.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.091 3.959 Td [(2511)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.739 -3.959 Td [(The)-267(tomb)-268(is)-268(not)-267(a)-268(temporary)-267(prison,)]TJ -122.83 -13.549 Td [(but)-206(an)-206(everlasting)-206(home,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.818 3.959 Td [(2512)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.781 -3.959 Td [(and)-206(often)-206(provides)-206(a)-206(chamber)-206(where)]TJ -124.599 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(living)-294(members)-293(of)-294(the)-293(family)-293(or)-294(clan)-293(may)-294(gather)-293(on)-293(solemn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(days)-391(around)-391(the)-391(ashes)-392(of)-391(the)-391(dead.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.594 3.958 Td [(2513)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.785 -3.958 Td [(Provision)-391(is)-391(made)-391(for)]TJ -182.379 -13.55 Td [(the)-320(sustenance)-320(of)-320(this)-320(spectral)-320(life.)-460(Vessels)-320(for)-320(food)-320(and)-320(drink,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-382(warrior)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.607 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-382(arms,)-416(the)-382(workman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.584 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-382(tools,)-416(the)-382(cosmetics)-382(of)-382(the)]TJ -152.456 -13.549 Td [(lady,)-365(the)-341(child)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.365 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-342(playthings,)-364(are)-342(buried)-341(with)-342(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.447 3.959 Td [(2514)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.164 -3.959 Td [(Or)-342(they)]TJ -246.609 -13.549 Td [(are)-353(figured)-352(on)-353(their)-353(tombs)-353(cheerfully)-352(engaged)-353(in)-353(their)-352(familiar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crafts,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.957 3.958 Td [(2515)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.204 -3.958 Td [(not)-253(with)-253(folded)-253(hands,)-253(and)-253(calm,)-254(expectant)-252(faces,)-254(like)]TJ -46.161 -13.55 Td [(the)-328(marble)-329(forms)-328(which)-329(lie)-328(in)-329(our)-328(cathedral)-329(aisles)-328(awaiting)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Resurrection.)]TJ 11.956 -14.021 Td [(With)-260(such)-260(views)-260(of)-260(the)-260(tomb,)-263(the)-260(perpetual)-260(guardianship)-260(of)-260(it)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(became)-224(to)-223(the)-224(Roman)-224(a)-223(matter)-224(of)-224(supreme)-223(moment.)-241(It)-224(is)-224(a)-223(chapel)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.782 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.885 Td [(2510)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sellar)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.729 0 Td [(Virgil)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.928 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(367;)-250(cf.)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 76.958 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(i.)-250(367.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -179.568 -7.394 Td [(2511)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.767 0 Td [(Tusc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.698 0 Td [(i.)-343(16,)-288(sub)-281(terra)-281(censebant)-281(reliquam)-281(vitam)-280(agi)-281(mortuorum;)-297(cf.)-342(F.)]TJ -51.421 -10.959 Td [(de)-250(Coulanges,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.046 0 Td [(La)-250(Cit\351)-250(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.836 0 Td [(p.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -101.621 -7.394 Td [(2512)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4525.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(2513)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.472 0 Td [(4433,)-207(posticum)-197(cum)-196(apparitorio,)-207(et)-197(compitum)-196(a)-197(solo)-197(pecun.)-232(sua)-196(fecerunt,)]TJ -23.427 -10.959 Td [(etc.;)-250(cf.)-250(4353;)-250(Petron.)-250(c.)-250(71.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.395 Td [(2514)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(367.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.522 -7.394 Td [(2515)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Duruy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.842 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.348 0 Td [(v.)-250(637.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2606 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2607 0 R /Resources 2605 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2586 0 R >> endobj 2608 0 obj << /D [2606 0 R /XYZ 93.543 436.782 null] >> endobj 2605 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2611 0 obj << /Length 5630 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(589)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(or)-268(an)-268(altar,)-272(as)-268(well)-268(as)-268(a)-268(last)-268(home.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.852 3.959 Td [(2516)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.752 -3.959 Td [(It)-268(is)-268(the)-268(meeting-place,)-272(in)]TJ -168.604 -13.549 Td [(faint)-277(ghostly)-277(communion,)-283(of)-277(the)-277(society)-276(which)-277(embraced,)-284(by)-276(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solemn)-220(rites,)-225(the)-220(members)-219(of)-220(the)-220(household)-219(church)-220(in)-219(the)-220(light)-219(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-184(the)-185(shades.)-228(All)-184(the)-184(cautious)-185(forms)-184(of)-184(Roman)-185(law)-184(are)-184(invoked)-184(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(keep)-289(the)-289(sepulchre,)-298(with)-289(its)-289(garden)-288(and)-289(enclosure,)-299(from)-288(passing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-305(alien)-304(hands.)-415(Its)-304(site)-305(is)-305(exactly)-305(described,)-318(with)-305(the)-304(minutest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(measurements,)-483(and)-436(the)-436(intruder)-436(or)-436(the)-436(alienator)-436(is)-436(threatened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-267(curses)-267(or)-267(with)-268(fines,)-271(to)-267(be)-267(paid)-267(into)-267(the)-267(public)-268(treasury.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2517)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Here,)-325(among)-309(his)-310(children)-309(and)-310(remotest)-309(descendants,)-325(among)-309(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(freedmen)-369(and)-369(freedwomen,)-399(the)-369(Roman)-369(dreamed)-369(of)-369(resting)-368(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-396(undisturbed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.339 3.959 Td [(2518)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.958 -3.959 Td [(And)-396(many)-397(an)-396(appeal)-397(comes)-396(to)-396(us)-397(from)]TJ -101.297 -13.549 Td [(the)-322(original)-321(slab)-322(not)-322(to)-322(violate)-321(the)-322(eternal)-322(peace.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.615 3.959 Td [(2519)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.513 -3.959 Td [(What)-322(that)]TJ -237.128 -13.549 Td [(dim)-253(life)-252(beneath)-253(the)-252(marble)-253(or)-252(the)-253(sod,)-253(at)-252(least)-253(in)-252(the)-253(later)-252(times,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([487])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(was)-362(conceived)-361(to)-362(be,)-389(how)-362(far)-362(it)-361(involved)-362(a)-362(more)-361(or)-362(less)-361(vivid)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(consciousness)-291(of)-292(what)-291(was)-291(passing)-292(in)-291(the)-291(world)-292(above,)-301(how)-291(far)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-364(was)-365(a)-364(numb)-365(repose,)-393(almost)-364(passing)-364(into)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 194.833 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-364(eternal)-365(sleep,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.111 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(seems)-320(to)-320(be)-320(uncertain.)-460(The)-320(phrases)-320(on)-320(the)-320(tomb)-320(in)-320(all)-319(ages)-320(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apt)-328(to)-328(pass)-328(into)-328(conventional)-329(forms,)-347(and)-328(personal)-328(temperament)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-269(imagination)-269(must)-269(always)-269(give)-269(varying)-269(colour)-269(to)-269(the)-269(picture.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Such)-380(phrases)-380(as)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.058 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(eternal)-380(sleep,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.974 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.989 0 Td [(however,)-413(did)-380(not)-379(probably)-380(at)]TJ -148.865 -13.549 Td [(any)-331(time)-331(imply)-331(complete)-331(unconsciousness.)-493(The)-331(old)-331(Latin)-330(faith)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-334(the)-334(Manes)-333(had)-334(a)-334(real)-334(life)-334(and)-333(some)-334(link)-334(of)-334(sympathy)-333(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-235(living)-236(was)-235(still)-236(strong)-235(and)-236(vivid)-235(in)-235(an)-236(age)-235(which)-236(was)-235(eager)-235(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(receive)-258(or)-257(answer)-258(voices)-258(from)-258(the)-257(world)-258(beyond)-258(the)-257(senses.)-273(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wish)-327(to)-327(maintain,)-347(in)-327(spite)-327(of)-327(the)-327(severance)-327(and)-327(shock)-327(of)-327(death,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-312(bond)-312(of)-311(communion)-312(between)-312(the)-311(living)-312(and)-312(the)-312(departed)-311(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-280(of)-280(the)-280(most)-280(imperious)-281(instincts)-280(of)-280(the)-280(Latin)-280(race.)-340(It)-280(was)-280(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-254(mere)-254(imagination,)-254(projected)-254(on)-254(far)-254(distant)-254(years,)-255(which)-253(craved)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.375 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.479 Td [(2516)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aesch.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.89 0 Td [(Choeph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.377 0 Td [(92,)-250(488;)-250(F.)-250(de)-250(Coulanges,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 94.147 0 Td [(La)-250(Cit\351)-250(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.836 0 Td [(p.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -213.945 -7.395 Td [(2517)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7364,)-250(7338,)-250(4076,)-250(4417,)-250(4422.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(2518)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.097 0 Td [(4428,)-270(somno)-266(aeterno)-267(sacr.)-298(...)-299(fecerunt)-266(sibi)-266(et)-266(suis)-266(libertis)-266(libertabusque,)]TJ -24.052 -10.959 Td [(etc.,)-250(4631,)-250(4435.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(2519)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.341 0 Td [(4781,)-304(3,)-305(5,)-304(6,)-304(4790,)-305(quisquis)-293(hoc)-293(sustulerit)-294(aut)-293(laeserit)-294(ultimus)-293(suorum)]TJ -24.296 -10.959 Td [(moriatur.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2610 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2611 0 R /Resources 2609 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2613 0 R >> endobj 2612 0 obj << /D [2610 0 R /XYZ 66.501 355.585 null] >> endobj 2609 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2616 0 obj << /Length 6146 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(590)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(for)-325(the)-326(yearly)-325(offering)-326(of)-325(violets)-326(and)-325(roses,)-345(or)-325(the)-326(pious)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 252.851 0 Td [(ave)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.692 0 Td [(of)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(passing)-250(traveller.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.586 3.959 Td [(2520)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.165 -3.959 Td [(The)-250(dwellers)-250(in)-249(the)-250(vault)-250(still)-250(remained)]TJ -109.751 -13.549 Td [(members)-344(of)-343(the)-344(family,)-367(to)-343(which)-344(they)-344(are)-343(linked)-344(for)-343(ever)-344(by)-343(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dim)-353(sympathy)-354(expressed)-353(in)-354(ritual)-353(communion.)-561(Every)-353(year,)-379(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 17.934 0 Td [(dies)-422(parentales)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.839 0 Td [(in)-422(February,)-465(there)-422(was)-422(a)-422(general)-422(holiday,)]TJ -90.773 -13.549 Td [(cheerfully)-473(kept)-473(in)-473(honour)-472(of)-473(all)-473(those)-473(whose)-473(spirits)-473(were)-472(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peace.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 27.557 3.959 Td [(2521)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.154 -3.959 Td [(On)-247(the)-247(eighth)-247(day,)-247(the)-247(festival)-247(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 145.812 0 Td [(cara)-247(cognatio)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 60.872 0 Td [(,)-248(there)]TJ -253.395 -13.549 Td [(was)-347(a)-348(family)-347(love-feast,)-372(in)-347(which)-348(quarrels)-347(were)-348(forgotten,)-371(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-327(members)-327(in)-326(the)-327(spirit-world)-327(joined)-327(in)-327(the)-326(sacred)-327(meal.)-480(But)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(besides)-396(this)-396(public)-396(and)-397(national)-396(commemoration,)-432(the)-396(birthday)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(each)-335(departed)-334(member)-335(was)-334(observed)-334(with)-335(offerings)-334(of)-334(wine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-345(oil)-345(and)-345(milk.)-536(The)-345(tomb)-345(was)-345(visited)-345(in)-345(solemn)-345(procession;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dead)-339(and)-339(living)-339(shared)-339(the)-338(sacred)-339(fare;)-384(flowers)-339(were)-338(scattered,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-259(with)-259(an)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 53.927 0 Td [(ave)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.968 0 Td [(or)-259(a)-259(prayer)-259(for)-259(help)-259(and)-260(good)-259(fortune,)-261(the)-259(shade)]TJ -71.895 -13.55 Td [(was)-317(left)-317(to)-317(its)-318(renewed)-317(repose.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.749 3.959 Td [(2522)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.363 -3.959 Td [(Many)-317(a)-317(slab)-317(makes)-318(anxious)]TJ -157.112 -13.549 Td [(provision)-275(for)-274(these)-275(communions,)-281(and)-274(the)-275(offering)-274(of)-275(violets)-274(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(roses)-250(in)-250(their)-250(season.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.895 3.959 Td [(2523)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -78.939 -19.288 Td [(But)-372(the)-372(Roman)-372(in)-371(his)-372(tomb)-372(longed)-372(to)-372(be)-372(near)-372(the)-372(sound)-371(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(busy)-255(human)-255(life,)-256(and)-255(to)-255(feel)-255(the)-255(tread)-255(of)-254(pious)-255(feet,)-257(which)-254(might)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([488])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(turn)-420(aside)-420(for)-420(a)-421(moment)-420(to)-420(salute)-420(even)-420(a)-420(stranger)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 229.083 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-420(memory.)]TJ -232.716 -13.549 Td [(This)-334(feeling)-334(is)-333(expressed)-334(in)-334(the)-334(long)-333(rows)-334(of)-334(vaults)-334(which)-333(line)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-420(many)-419(of)-419(the)-420(great)-419(roads,)-462(the)-420(Via)-419(Appia,)-462(or)-420(the)-419(way)-419(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pompeii)-366(to)-366(Nola.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.776 3.959 Td [(2524)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.957 -3.959 Td [(There)-366(were)-366(many)-366(like)-366(that)-365(Titus)-366(Lollius)]TJ -99.733 -13.549 Td [(who)-305(had)-305(himself)-304(laid)-305(close)-305(to)-305(the)-305(road)-304(into)-305(Aquae)-305(Sextiae,)-318(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-239(passers)-239(might)-240(for)-239(ever)-239(greet)-239(his)-240(spirit)-239(with)-239(an)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 214.551 0 Td [(ave)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.142 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(2525)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.127 -3.959 Td [(Others)]TJ -251.547 -13.549 Td [(leave)-436(a)-435(prayer)-436(for)-436(all)-435(good)-436(things)-435(to)-436(those)-436(who)-435(will)-436(stop)-435(an)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.74 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.844 Td [(2520)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-244(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.149 0 Td [(4775,)-236(4419,)-237(4420,)-236(4415,)-236(4737;)-239(T.)-233(Lollius)-233(positus)-233(propter)-233(viam)-232(ut)]TJ -49.105 -10.959 Td [(dicant)-250(praeterientes,)-250(Lolli)-250(ave,)-250(cf.)-250(4745.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(2521)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.296 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(307.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -97.876 -7.394 Td [(2522)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-469(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.972 0 Td [(4414,)-341(4417,)-342(nam)-323(curatores)-323(substituam)-323(qui)-323(vescantur)-323(ex)-323(horum)]TJ -51.928 -10.959 Td [(hortorum)-282(reditu)-282(natali)-282(meo)-281(et)-282(praebeant)-282(rosam)-282(in)-282(aeternum.)-345(Hos)-282(neque)-282(dividi)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(neque)-250(alienari)-250(volo.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(2523)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4084,)-250(4100,)-250(4420.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(2524)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(362;)-250(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.078 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(421)-250(sqq.;)-250(cf.)-250(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 76.959 0 Td [(Tusc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(i.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -232.864 -7.394 Td [(2525)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4737.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2615 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2616 0 R /Resources 2614 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2613 0 R >> endobj 2617 0 obj << /D [2615 0 R /XYZ 93.543 272.509 null] >> endobj 2614 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2620 0 obj << /Length 5955 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(591)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(instant)-316(and)-315(read)-316(the)-316(legend;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.647 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(may)-316(the)-315(earth)-316(lie)-316(light)-315(upon)-316(them)]TJ -131.491 -13.549 Td [(when)-407(they)-407(too)-407(depart.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 99.67 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2526)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.879 -3.959 Td [(The)-407(horror)-407(of)-407(the)-408(lonely)-407(soul,)-446(cut)]TJ -125.393 -13.549 Td [(off)-389(from)-388(the)-389(kindly)-388(fellowship)-389(of)-389(the)-388(living,)-423(and)-389(lingering)-388(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-290(a)-290(forgotten)-290(grave,)-300(to)-290(which)-290(no)-290(loving)-290(hand)-290(should)-290(ever)-290(more)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(bring)-280(the)-280(libation)-280(or)-280(the)-280(violets)-279(in)-280(spring,)-288(which)-280(should)-280(one)-279(day)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(awake)-305(no)-305(memory)-305(or)-305(sympathy)-304(in)-305(any)-305(human)-305(heart,)-319(was)-305(to)-304(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-276(Roman)-276(the)-276(worst)-276(terror)-275(in)-276(death.)-328(This)-276(passion)-276(for)-275(continued)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(memory,)-257(especially)-256(in)-256(great)-256(benefactors)-256(of)-256(their)-256(kind,)-258(is)-256(used)-255(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cicero)-334(as)-334(an)-334(argument)-334(for)-334(immortality,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 174.86 3.958 Td [(2527)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.31 -3.958 Td [(and)-334(the)-334(passion)-334(for)]TJ -195.17 -13.55 Td [(enduring)-327(life)-328(blends)-327(indistinguishably)-328(with)-327(the)-327(wish)-328(to)-327(be)-327(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remembered.)-498(Even)-332(Epicurus,)-354(the)-332(apostle)-333(of)-332(annihilation,)-353(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provision)-433(in)-432(his)-433(last)-432(testament)-433(for)-433(yearly)-432(offerings)-433(in)-432(honour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-376(himself)-375(and)-376(Metrodorus)-376(his)-375(disciple)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 175.63 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(a)-376(curious)-375(instance)-376(of)]TJ -186.539 -13.549 Td [(agnostic)-497(conformity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.985 3.958 Td [(2528)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.235 -3.958 Td [(The)-497(passion)-496(for)-497(remembrance)-496(was)]TJ -120.22 -13.55 Td [(responded)-316(to)-316(by)-316(the)-317(dutiful)-316(devotion)-316(of)-316(many)-316(generations.)-448(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cult)-181(of)-181(the)-181(dead)-181(long)-181(survived)-181(in)-181(the)-181(cult)-181(of)-182(martyrs,)-194(and)-181(the)-181(pagan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feasting)-232(at)-232(their)-232(tombs)-232(disturbed)-232(and)-232(perplexed)-232(S.)-232(Augustine)-232(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(S.)-250(Paulinus)-250(of)-250(Nola.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.578 3.959 Td [(2529)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -75.622 -18.288 Td [(The)-269(old)-268(Roman)-269(thought)-269(of)-269(his)-268(departed)-269(friends)-269(as)-269(a)-268(company)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-448(good)-449(and)-448(kindly)-448(spirits,)-498(who)-448(watched)-449(over)-448(the)-448(family)-448(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(earth.)-564(But)-355(there)-355(was)-354(another)-355(conception)-355(of)-354(spirits)-355(in)-355(the)-354(other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world,)-276(whether)-271(derived)-271(from)-271(the)-271(gloomy)-271(superstition)-271(of)-270(Etruria,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-482(descending)-482(from)-483(days)-482(anterior)-482(to)-482(orderly)-482(devotion)-482(to)-482(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dead.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 23.324 3.959 Td [(2530)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.229 -3.959 Td [(The)-344(Lemures)-343(were)-344(a)-343(name)-344(of)-344(fear.)-531(They)-343(were)-344(dark,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.471 0 Td [([489])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(malevolent)-365(spirits)-365(who)-365(craved)-364(for)-365(blood,)-394(as)-365(they)-365(had)-364(departed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-218(life)-217(by)-217(a)-218(violent)-217(end.)-240(Their)-217(festival,)-224(the)-218(Lemuria)-217(in)-217(May,)-224(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quite)-291(distinct)-291(from)-291(the)-291(festival)-292(of)-291(the)-291(Manes,)-301(and)-291(the)-291(household)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.537 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.641 Td [(2526)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(7396,)-250(7402,)-250(vivite)-250(felices)-250(qui)-250(legitis.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2527)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.962 0 Td [(Tusc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.763 0 Td [(i.)-364(12,)-298(27,)-298(quas)-288(\050caeremonias)-288(sepulcrorum\051)-288(ingeniis)-288(praediti)-288(nec)]TJ -51.68 -10.959 Td [(tanta)-407(cura)-408(coluissent,)-446(nec)-408(violatas)-407(tam)-408(inexpiabili)-407(religione)-407(sanxissent,)-447(nisi)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(haereret)-250(in)-250(eorum)-250(mentibus)-250(mortem)-250(non)-250(interitum)-250(esse)-250(omnia)-250(tollentem,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(2528)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aelian,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(p.)-250(1023)-250(\050Gronov.\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -56.532 -7.395 Td [(2529)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-273(Paulin.)-319(Nol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.253 0 Td [(Carm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.115 0 Td [(27;)-285(S.)-273(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.232 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.652 0 Td [(22,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.709 0 Td [(Serm.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.116 0 Td [(v.)-319(xvii.;)-285(cf.)-319(Sidon.)-320(Apoll.)]TJ -189.032 -10.959 Td [(v.)-250(17;)-250(Bingham,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.029 0 Td [(Antiq.)-250(of)-250(Chr.)-250(Church)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 78.465 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(1165.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -141.234 -7.394 Td [(2530)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.296 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(108.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2619 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2620 0 R /Resources 2618 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2613 0 R >> endobj 2621 0 obj << /D [2619 0 R /XYZ 280.344 205.764 null] >> endobj 2618 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2624 0 obj << /Length 5515 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(592)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(ritual)-384(for)-384(laying)-385(the)-384(ghosts)-384(by)-384(the)-385(spitting)-384(of)-384(black)-384(beans)-384(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-355(ninefold)-355(form)-355(of)-355(exorcism)-355(savours)-355(of)-355(a)-355(far-gone)-355(age.)-564(These)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(maleficent)-263(powers)-263(were)-263(propitiated)-263(by)-263(blood)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 196.119 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(especially)-263(by)-263(the)]TJ -207.028 -13.549 Td [(blood)-250(of)-250(men)-250(in)-250(the)-250(combats)-250(of)-250(the)-250(arena.)]TJ 11.956 -18.016 Td [(The)-755(visitations)-754(of)-755(these)-755(beings,)-881(whether)-755(as)-754(guardian,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ministering)-232(spirits)-232(or)-232(as)-231(evil)-232(powers,)-236(were)-232(expected)-232(and)-231(believed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-357(for)-358(many)-357(ages)-357(by)-357(all)-358(classes)-357(of)-357(Roman)-357(minds.)-572(The)-357(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Latin)-310(faith)-309(as)-310(to)-309(the)-310(state)-309(of)-310(the)-309(dead)-310(was,)-324(according)-310(to)-309(Cicero,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confirmed)-509(by)-509(many)-509(tales)-509(of)-509(spiritual)-509(apparition.)-1027(There)-509(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pathetic)-519(memorials)-519(which)-519(end)-520(with)-519(an)-519(appeal)-519(in)-519(which)-519(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lonely)-351(wife)-350(entreats)-351(the)-350(lost)-351(one)-350(sometimes)-351(to)-350(return)-351(in)-350(dream)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-355(vision.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.357 3.959 Td [(2531)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.594 -3.959 Td [(One)-355(vivacious)-354(inscription)-355(challenges)-355(the)-355(sceptic)]TJ -64.951 -13.549 Td [(to)-339(lay)-339(his)-339(wager)-339(and)-339(make)-339(the)-339(experiment)-339(of)-339(a)-339(summons)-338(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(unseen)-286(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.031 3.958 Td [(2532)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.325 -3.958 Td [(The)-285(spread)-286(of)-285(cremation)-286(instead)-285(of)-285(burial)]TJ -98.356 -13.55 Td [(gradually)-485(led)-486(to)-485(a)-486(new)-485(conception)-485(of)-486(the)-485(spirit)-486(as)-485(having)-485(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(separate)-329(existence)-330(from)-329(the)-330(body,)-349(now)-330(reduced)-329(to)-330(a)-329(handful)-329(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grey)-352(ashes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.586 3.959 Td [(2533)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.515 -3.959 Td [(And)-352(spirits)-353(no)-352(longer)-352(clung)-353(to)-352(the)-352(body)-353(in)-352(the)]TJ -72.101 -13.549 Td [(family)-315(vault,)-331(but)-315(were)-315(gathered)-315(in)-315(a)-315(dim)-315(region)-315(near)-315(the)-314(centre)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-376(the)-376(earth,)-408(where,)-408(according)-376(to)-376(gloomy)-377(Etrurian)-376(fancy,)-407(they)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-299(under)-298(the)-299(cruel)-298(care)-299(of)-298(the)-299(conductor)-298(of)-299(the)-298(dead,)-311(a)-298(brutal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(figure,)-435(with)-398(wings)-398(and)-397(long,)-435(matted)-398(beard,)-435(and)-398(armed)-398(with)-397(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hammer,)-282(who)-275(for)-275(ages)-276(appeared)-275(in)-276(human)-275(form)-275(to)-276(close)-275(the)-275(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ghastly)-243(scene)-243(in)-243(the)-243(gladiatorial)-242(combats.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.589 3.959 Td [(2534)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.14 -3.959 Td [(From)-243(this)-243(limbo)-243(of)]TJ -198.729 -13.549 Td [(the)-248(departed)-248(a)-249(sort)-248(of)-248(gateway)-248(was)-249(provided)-248(in)-248(every)-248(Latin)-248(town)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-329(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 29.004 0 Td [(Mundus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.149 0 Td [(,)-349(a)-330(deep)-329(trench)-329(intended)-330(to)-329(represent)-329(an)-330(inverted)]TJ -64.153 -13.55 Td [(heaven,)-396(which)-367(was)-367(dug)-367(before)-366(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 159.134 0 Td [(pomoerium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 53.692 0 Td [(was)-367(traced.)-600(Its)]TJ -212.826 -13.549 Td [(lower)-427(aperture)-427(was)-427(closed)-427(by)-427(the)-427(stone)-426(of)-427(the)-427(Manes,)-471(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-315(three)-314(solemn)-315(days,)-330(in)-315(August,)-331(October,)-330(and)-315(November,)-330(was)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.375 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.479 Td [(2531)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-230(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.649 0 Td [(4775,)-203(horis)-191(nocturnis)-191(ut)-191(eum)-191(videam,)-203(et)-191(possim)-191(dulcius)-191(et)-191(celerius)]TJ -48.605 -10.959 Td [(aput)-250(eum)-250(pervenire.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(2532)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(7346.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(2533)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.904 0 Td [(Priv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(i.)-250(pp.)-250(438-9;)-250(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.466 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Myth.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.828 0 Td [(\050Tr.\051,)-250(p.)-250(331.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -176.816 -7.394 Td [(2534)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.496 0 Td [(Rom.)-375(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.842 0 Td [(i.)-375(p.)-375(189;)-312(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.934 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.794 0 Td [(xv.)-375(vidimus)-291(et)-292(Jovis)-292(fratrem)]TJ -178.021 -10.959 Td [(gladiatorum)-250(cadavera)-250(cum)-250(malleo)-250(deducentem.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2623 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2624 0 R /Resources 2622 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2613 0 R >> endobj 2622 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2627 0 obj << /Length 5304 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(593)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(lifted)-312(to)-313(permit)-312(the)-312(spirits)-312(from)-313(the)-312(deep)-312(to)-312(pass)-313(for)-312(a)-312(time)-312(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(upper)-293(world.)-380(Thus)-293(a)-293(public)-294(sanction)-293(was)-293(given)-293(to)-293(the)-293(belief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(commerce)-250(between)-250(this)-250(life)-250(and)-250(the)-250(next.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.324 3.959 Td [(2535)]TJ 84.7 -3.959 Td [([490])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -22.607 Td [(Cicero)-257(had)-258(said)-257(that)-258(the)-257(faith)-258(in)-257(immortality)-258(was)-257(sustained)-257(by)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-379(fact)-380(of)-379(spirits)-380(returning)-379(to)-379(the)-380(world)-379(of)-380(sense.)-638(In)-379(the)-379(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-412(second)-413(centuries)-412(there)-412(was)-413(no)-412(lack)-412(of)-413(such)-412(aids)-412(to)-412(faith.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apparitions)-371(became)-371(the)-370(commonest)-371(facts)-371(of)-371(life,)-401(and)-371(only)-370(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hardiest)-323(minds)-324(remained)-323(incredulous)-324(about)-323(them.)-470(Philosophers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-236(all)-237(schools,)-239(except)-236(the)-237(Epicurean,)-239(were)-236(swept)-237(into)-236(the)-236(current.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 20.97 0 Td [(Philopseudes)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 62.185 0 Td [(of)-367(Lucian)-367(is)-368(a)-367(brilliant)-367(effort)-367(to)-368(ridicule)-367(the)]TJ -83.155 -13.549 Td [(superstition)-180(of)-180(the)-180(age,)-193(but)-180(the)-180(attack)-180(would)-180(have)-180(been)-179(discredited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-254(it)-255(had)-254(not)-255(had)-254(a)-255(foundation)-254(of)-255(fact.)-263(There,)-256(around)-254(the)-254(sick-bed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-369(Eucrates,)-398(himself)-368(saturated)-369(with)-368(philosophy,)-398(are)-369(gathered)-368(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Stoic,)-456(a)-414(Peripatetic,)-456(a)-414(Pythagorean,)-456(a)-414(Platonist,)-456(and)-414(a)-414(trained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physician.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.542 3.958 Td [(2536)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.155 -3.958 Td [(And)-280(they)-280(regale)-281(one)-280(another)-280(with)-280(the)-281(most)-280(weird)]TJ -64.697 -13.55 Td [(and)-185(exciting)-186(tales)-185(of)-185(the)-185(marvellous.)-229(Ion,)-198(the)-185(Platonic)-185(student,)-198(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seen)-331(the)-331(exorcism)-331(of)-331(a)-330(black)-331(and)-331(smoky)-331(daemon.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.258 3.959 Td [(2537)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.812 -3.959 Td [(Eucrates)]TJ -243.07 -13.549 Td [(has)-260(seen)-260(such)-260(spirits)-259(a)-260(thousand)-260(times,)-262(and,)-263(from)-259(long)-260(habit,)-262(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lost)-364(all)-363(fear)-364(of)-363(them.)-591(At)-363(vintage)-364(time,)-391(he)-364(once)-363(saw)-364(a)-363(gigantic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gorgon)-230(figure)-230(in)-230(the)-229(woods)-230(in)-230(broad)-230(daylight,)-234(and)-230(by)-230(the)-229(turning)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-394(a)-393(magic)-393(ring)-394(had)-393(revealed)-394(to)-393(him)-394(the)-393(gulf)-394(of)-393(Tartarus,)-429(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infernal)-438(rivers,)-485(and)-438(been)-437(even)-438(able)-438(to)-438(recognise)-438(some)-438(of)-437(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ghosts)-220(below.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.67 3.959 Td [(2538)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.056 -3.959 Td [(On)-220(another)-220(day,)-225(as)-220(he)-220(lay)-220(upon)-219(his)-220(bed)-220(reading)]TJ -78.726 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 16.133 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(,)-258(his)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.079 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(sainted)-257(wife,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 55.819 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.645 0 Td [(who)-257(had)-257(recently)-256(died,)-259(appeared)]TJ -138.847 -13.549 Td [(and)-401(reproached)-401(him)-401(because,)-439(among)-401(all)-401(the)-401(finery)-401(which)-401(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-371(burnt)-370(upon)-371(her)-370(pyre,)-401(a)-371(single)-370(gold-spangled)-371(shoe,)-400(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slipped)-409(under)-409(the)-410(wardrobe,)-449(had)-409(been)-409(forgotten.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.895 3.959 Td [(2539)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.375 -3.959 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ -244.27 -13.549 Td [(reports,)-464(apparently)-421(with)-421(perfect)-421(faith,)-464(the)-421(appearance)-421(of)-421(such)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.66 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.764 Td [(2535)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.296 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(211.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -97.876 -7.394 Td [(2536)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Philops.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.884 0 Td [(c.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.005 -7.394 Td [(2537)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(2538)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(cc.)-250(22-24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2539)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(27.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2626 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2627 0 R /Resources 2625 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2613 0 R >> endobj 2628 0 obj << /D [2626 0 R /XYZ 46.771 490.935 null] >> endobj 2625 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2631 0 obj << /Length 6934 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(594)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(spectral)-293(visitors)-293(at)-293(Chaeronea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.897 3.959 Td [(2540)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.575 -3.959 Td [(The)-293(younger)-293(Pliny)-293(consulted)]TJ -153.472 -13.549 Td [(his)-300(friend)-300(Sura)-300(as)-300(to)-300(the)-300(reality)-300(of)-300(such)-300(apparitions,)-312(and)-300(reveals)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-437(faith)-438(in)-437(the)-438(gruesome)-437(tale)-437(of)-438(a)-437(haunted)-438(house)-437(at)-437(Athens,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(where)-220(a)-219(restless)-220(ghost,)-226(who)-219(had)-220(often)-220(disturbed)-219(the)-220(quiet)-220(of)-219(night)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-266(the)-267(clank)-266(of)-267(chains,)-270(was)-267(tracked)-266(to)-267(the)-266(mystery)-267(of)-266(a)-266(hidden)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grave.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.957 3.959 Td [(2541)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.063 -3.959 Td [(Suetonius,)-227(of)-222(course,)-228(welcomes)-222(tales)-221(of)-222(this)-222(kind)-222(from)]TJ -46.02 -13.549 Td [(every)-301(quarter.)-401(Before)-300(Caligula)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.442 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-301(half-burnt)-300(remains)-301(were)-300(borne)]TJ -139.074 -13.549 Td [(stealthily)-431(to)-431(a)-430(dishonoured)-431(burial,)-476(the)-431(keepers)-431(of)-431(the)-430(Lamian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gardens)-392(had)-393(been)-392(disturbed)-392(each)-393(night)-392(by)-392(ghostly)-393(terrors.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2542)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-362(pages)-361(of)-362(Dion)-361(Cassius)-362(abound)-362(in)-361(similar)-362(wonders.)-584(When)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([491])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Nero)-302(attempted)-302(to)-302(cut)-302(through)-302(the)-302(Isthmus)-302(of)-302(Corinth,)-315(the)-301(dead)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arose)-202(in)-202(numbers)-201(from)-202(their)-202(graves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.486 3.959 Td [(2543)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.99 -3.959 Td [(In)-202(such)-202(an)-201(age)-202(the)-202(baleful)]TJ -171.476 -13.549 Td [(art)-366(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.578 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(evocation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.414 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.834 0 Td [(acquired)-366(a)-366(weird)-365(attraction)-366(and)-366(importance.)]TJ -84.67 -13.549 Td [(By)-214(spells)-215(and)-214(incantations)-214(Hecate)-215(was)-214(invoked)-214(to)-215(send)-214(up)-214(spirits,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(often)-245(for)-245(evil)-244(ends.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.235 3.959 Td [(2544)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.147 -3.959 Td [(And)-245(there)-244(were)-245(dark)-245(rumours)-245(of)-244(the)-245(spell)]TJ -101.382 -13.549 Td [(being)-313(fortified)-313(by)-313(the)-313(blood)-313(of)-313(children.)-439(Many)-313(of)-313(the)-313(emperors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-406(Tiberius)-406(to)-407(Caracalla)-406(had)-406(dabbled)-406(in)-406(this)-407(witchcraft.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2545)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(When)-298(Nero)-298(was)-298(haunted)-298(by)-298(the)-298(Furies)-298(of)-298(his)-298(murdered)-297(mother,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-242(is)-241(said)-242(to)-242(have)-241(offered)-242(a)-241(magic)-242(sacrifice)-242(to)-241(evoke)-242(and)-241(appease)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(her)-260(spirit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.922 3.959 Td [(2546)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.486 -3.959 Td [(The)-260(early)-260(Neo-Platonists)-259(were,)-263(of)-259(course,)-263(eager)-259(to)]TJ -61.408 -13.549 Td [(admit)-218(the)-218(reality)-219(of)-218(such)-218(visits)-218(from)-218(the)-219(unseen)-218(world.)-239(In)-218(anxious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quest)-301(of)-301(any)-301(link)-301(of)-301(sympathy)-301(between)-301(this)-301(world)-301(and)-301(the)-300(next,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Maximus)-362(tries)-361(to)-362(fortify)-361(his)-362(doctrine)-361(of)-362(daemons)-361(by)-362(stories)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apparitions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.208 3.958 Td [(2547)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.078 -3.958 Td [(Hector)-370(has)-369(been)-370(often)-369(seen)-370(darting)-369(across)-370(the)]TJ -74.286 -13.55 Td [(Troad)-450(in)-450(shining)-450(armour.)-849(At)-450(the)-450(mouth)-450(of)-450(the)-449(Borysthenes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Achilles)-275(has)-275(been)-275(espied)-275(by)-275(mariners,)-281(who)-275(were)-275(sailing)-275(past)-275(his)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 166.229 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 159.333 Td [(2540)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.641 0 Td [(Cim.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.331 0 Td [(c.)-1221(1,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.762 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.779 0 Td [(\300\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.916 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-574(\307\301\314\275\277\275)-573(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.264 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\316\273\311\275)-574(\304\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.308 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.689 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-574(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.544 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.42 0 Td [(\304\314\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.037 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.354 -10.959 Td [(\300\301\277\306\261\271\275\277\274\255\275\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.51 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.365 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\300\261\304\255\301\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.996 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-250(\273\255\263\277\305\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.48 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -188.271 -7.394 Td [(2541)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(vii.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.076 -7.394 Td [(2542)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(c.)-250(59.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.535 -7.395 Td [(2543)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxii.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(2544)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lobeck,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.373 0 Td [(Aglaoph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.87 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(221.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -80.938 -7.394 Td [(2545)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lvii.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(2546)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(xxxiv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.053 -7.394 Td [(2547)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Max.)-250(Tyr.)-250(xv.)-250(7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2630 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2631 0 R /Resources 2629 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2613 0 R >> endobj 2632 0 obj << /D [2630 0 R /XYZ 348.122 396.232 null] >> endobj 2629 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2635 0 obj << /Length 5703 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(595)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(isle,)-244(careering)-243(along)-243(with)-242(his)-243(yellow)-243(locks)-242(and)-243(arms)-243(of)-242(gold,)-244(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(singing)-250(his)-250(paean)-250(of)-250(battle.)]TJ 11.956 -15.121 Td [(In)-241(enlarging)-241(its)-241(rather)-242(blank)-241(and)-241(poor)-241(conception)-241(of)-241(the)-241(future)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(state,)-393(the)-364(Latin)-364(race,)-392(as)-364(in)-365(other)-364(fields,)-392(was)-364(content)-364(to)-364(borrow)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rather)-302(than)-302(invent.)-405(The)-302(Sixth)-302(Book)-301(of)-302(the)-302(Aeneid)-302(was)-302(an)-301(effort)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-245(only)-246(to)-245(glorify)-246(the)-245(legendary)-245(heroes)-246(of)-245(Rome,)-247(but)-245(to)-245(appease)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-470(new)-470(or)-470(revived)-471(longing)-470(for)-470(the)-470(hope)-470(of)-470(immortality,)-525(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-315(desolating)-315(nihilism)-316(of)-315(the)-315(Epicurean)-315(philosophy)-315(had)-315(run)-315(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(course.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.2 3.958 Td [(2548)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.046 -3.958 Td [(Virgil)-217(has)-217(some)-217(touches)-217(of)-217(old)-217(Roman)-217(faith)-218(about)-217(the)]TJ -50.246 -13.55 Td [(dead,)-214(but)-204(the)-205(scenery)-204(of)-205(his)-204(Inferno)-205(is)-204(mainly)-204(derived)-205(from)-204(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poetry)-216(inspired)-215(by)-216(Orphism,)-223(and)-215(the)-216(vision)-216(is)-215(moralised,)-223(and)-215(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confused,)-277(by)-272(elements)-271(drawn)-272(from)-272(Pythagoras)-271(or)-272(Plato.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.793 3.959 Td [(2549)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.874 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(scene)-209(of)-209(Aeneas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.983 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-209(descent)-209(to)-209(the)-209(underworld)-209(is)-209(laid)-209(by)-209(the)-209(lake)-209(of)]TJ -73.616 -13.549 Td [(Avernus,)-229(where,)-230(buried)-224(amid)-224(gloomy)-224(woods,)-230(was)-224(the)-224(cave)-224(of)-224(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Cumaean)-209(Sibyl.)-236(Cumae)-209(was)-209(the)-209(oldest)-209(Greek)-209(colony)-209(in)-209(the)-208(West.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Its)-197(foundation)-197(was)-197(placed)-197(long)-197(before)-197(the)-197(days)-197(of)-197(Romulus.)-232(Rich,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prosperous,)-363(and)-341(cultivated,)-363(at)-341(a)-340(time)-341(when)-341(the)-340(Romans)-341(were)-340(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(band)-220(of)-219(rude)-220(warriors,)-226(it)-219(must)-220(have)-220(early)-219(transmitted)-220(Greek)-219(ideas)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([492])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-345(religion)-345(to)-344(the)-345(rising)-345(power)-345(on)-345(the)-344(Tiber.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 197.644 3.958 Td [(2550)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.268 -3.958 Td [(The)-345(Etrurians)]TJ -219.912 -13.55 Td [(also,)-218(who)-210(affected)-210(so)-211(profoundly)-210(the)-210(tone)-210(of)-210(Roman)-210(religion,)-218(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(come)-245(under)-244(Greek)-245(influences.)-248(The)-245(spectral)-245(ferryman)-244(of)-245(the)-244(dead)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-226(a)-225(familiar)-226(figure)-225(in)-226(Etruscan)-226(art.)-242(Thus,)-230(both)-226(on)-225(the)-226(south)-225(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(north,)-349(Latium)-329(had)-329(points)-329(of)-329(contact)-329(with)-329(the)-329(world)-329(of)-329(Hellenic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legend.)-551(And)-350(from)-350(the)-351(early)-350(days)-350(of)-351(the)-350(Republic,)-375(the)-350(worship)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-448(Greek)-447(gods)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.112 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Apollo,)-497(Asclepius,)-497(or)-448(the)-447(Dioscuri)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 159.384 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(became)]TJ -247.314 -13.549 Td [(naturalised)-468(at)-468(Rome.)-903(Probably)-468(of)-468(even)-468(earlier)-468(date)-468(was)-467(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-295(of)-296(the)-295(oracular)-296(lore)-295(of)-296(Greece)-295(through)-296(Delphi)-295(and)-295(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oracle)-250(of)-250(Cumae.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.826 3.959 Td [(2551)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -62.87 -19.08 Td [(On)-286(the)-285(threshold)-286(of)-285(the)-286(underworld)-285(Aeneas)-286(and)-285(the)-286(Sibyl)-285(are)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(confronted)-176(by)-175(the)-176(monstrous)-175(forms)-175(of)-176(Hellenic)-175(legend)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 230.939 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Centaurs)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.457 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.561 Td [(2548)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(316.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.924 -7.394 Td [(2549)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.945 0 Td [(p.)-250(279;)-249(cf.)-250(Conington,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 80.933 0 Td [(Introd.)-250(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.316 0 Td [(vi.)-250(p.)-249(419;)-250(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.489 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.392 0 Td [(,)-249(ii.)-250(p.)-250(165.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -244.77 -7.395 Td [(2550)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Grote,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(518)-250(\050ed.)-250(1862\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(2551)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mommsen,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.841 0 Td [(R.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(187;)-250(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.513 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Myth.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.828 0 Td [(pp.)-250(197,)-250(407,)-250(438.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2634 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2635 0 R /Resources 2633 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2637 0 R >> endobj 2636 0 obj << /D [2634 0 R /XYZ 304.983 286.267 null] >> endobj 2633 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2640 0 obj << /Length 5924 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(596)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-232(Scyllas,)-236(Harpies)-233(and)-232(Gorgons,)-236(the)-232(fire-armed)-233(Chimaera,)-235(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(hissing)-331(hydra)-331(of)-331(Lerna.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.784 3.959 Td [(2552)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.816 -3.959 Td [(They)-331(have)-331(to)-331(pass)-331(the)-331(ninefold)]TJ -142.6 -13.549 Td [(barrier)-493(of)-493(the)-493(Styx)-493(in)-493(Charon)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.995 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-493(steel-grey)-493(bark.)-979(The)-493(grisly)]TJ -142.628 -13.549 Td [(ferryman)-365(of)-365(the)-364(infernal)-365(stream,)-394(foul)-364(and)-365(unkempt,)-394(with)-364(fixed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(eyes)-169(of)-170(flame,)-185(is)-170(surrounded)-169(by)-169(a)-170(motley)-169(crowd,)-186(thick)-169(as)-169(autumnal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(leaves,)-336(all)-319(straining)-319(and)-318(eager)-319(for)-319(the)-319(further)-318(shore.)-457(Landed)-318(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-432(waste)-431(expanse)-432(of)-431(mud)-432(and)-432(sedge,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.877 3.959 Td [(2553)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.642 -3.959 Td [(they)-432(pass)-431(the)-432(kennel)]TJ -186.519 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(triple-headed)-359(Cerberus,)-386(and)-359(on)-359(to)-359(the)-359(judgment)-359(seat,)-386(where)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Minos)-372(assigns)-373(to)-372(each)-373(soul)-372(its)-372(several)-373(doom,)-403(according)-372(to)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deeds)-397(done)-397(in)-397(the)-398(body.)-691(Thence)-397(they)-397(traverse)-397(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 233.361 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mourning)]TJ -238.205 -13.549 Td [(fields,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.968 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2554)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.699 -3.959 Td [(where)-207(are)-207(those)-207(sad)-208(queens)-207(of)-207(Grecian)-207(tragedy)-207(whose)]TJ -50.51 -13.549 Td [(wild)-232(loves)-231(have)-232(been)-232(their)-231(undoing,)-236(and)-231(among)-232(them)-231(Phoenician)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dido,)-243(who,)-244(with)-242(stony)-241(silence)-242(and)-242(averted)-242(gaze,)-243(plunges)-242(into)-241(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(darkness)-368(of)-368(the)-368(wood.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.595 3.958 Td [(2555)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.022 -3.958 Td [(As)-368(the)-368(dawn)-368(is)-367(breaking,)-398(they)-368(find)]TJ -122.617 -13.55 Td [(themselves)-321(before)-322(the)-321(prison-house)-322(of)-321(the)-322(damned,)-339(rising)-321(amid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(folds)-286(of)-285(the)-286(river)-285(of)-286(fire,)-294(with)-285(walls)-286(of)-285(iron)-286(and)-285(adamant,)-294(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(portals)-265(watched)-265(by)-265(a)-265(sleepless)-265(Fury)-265(in)-265(blood-red)-265(robe.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.332 3.959 Td [(2556)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.658 -3.959 Td [(From)]TJ -256.99 -13.549 Td [(within)-382(are)-382(heard)-382(the)-382(cries)-382(of)-382(anguish)-382(and)-382(the)-382(clank)-382(of)-382(chains,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-379(the)-380(great)-379(rebels)-380(and)-379(malefactors)-380(of)-379(old-world)-379(story)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 243.965 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Ixion,)]TJ -254.874 -13.55 Td [(Salmoneus,)-303(and)-293(the)-293(Titans)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 116.661 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(are)-293(tortured)-293(by)-292(lash)-293(and)-293(wheel)-293(and)]TJ -127.57 -13.549 Td [(vulture.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.633 3.959 Td [(2557)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.692 -3.959 Td [(And)-327(with)-327(them,)-347(sharing)-327(the)-327(same)-327(agony,)-347(are)-327(those)]TJ -55.325 -13.549 Td [(who)-262(have)-262(violated)-262(the)-262(great)-262(laws)-262(on)-262(which)-262(the)-262(Roman)-261(character)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-269(built.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.636 3.959 Td [(2558)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.796 -3.959 Td [(Through)-269(other)-269(dusky)-270(ways)-269(and)-269(Cyclopean)-270(portals)]TJ -62.432 -13.549 Td [(they)-398(at)-398(last)-398(reach)-398(the)-398(home)-398(of)-398(the)-398(blessed,)-435(as)-398(it)-397(was)-398(pictured)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([493])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(long)-316(before)-315(in)-316(the)-315(apocalypse)-316(of)-316(Pindar)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 175.774 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-316(meads)-315(and)-316(happy)]TJ -186.683 -13.55 Td [(groves)-294(of)-294(Elysium,)-305(under)-294(another)-294(sun)-294(and)-294(other)-294(stars)-294(than)-293(ours,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-383(bathed)-382(in)-383(the)-382(splendour)-383(of)-382(an)-383(ampler)-382(air.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.979 3.959 Td [(2559)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.502 -3.959 Td [(Here)-382(is)-383(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 155.27 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 148.374 Td [(2552)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(vi.)-250(289.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -33.12 -7.394 Td [(2553)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(313,)-250(416.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2554)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(441.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(2555)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(472.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2556)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(555.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2557)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(600.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.395 Td [(2558)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(608.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2559)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(640;)-250(cf.)-250(Pind.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.561 0 Td [(Ol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(ii.)-250(130.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2639 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2640 0 R /Resources 2638 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2637 0 R >> endobj 2641 0 obj << /D [2639 0 R /XYZ 338.424 206.544 null] >> endobj 2638 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2644 0 obj << /Length 5915 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(597)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(eternal)-280(home)-280(of)-281(the)-280(heroic)-280(souls)-280(of)-280(a)-280(nobler)-280(age,)-288(men)-280(who)-280(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(died)-351(for)-351(fatherland,)-376(holy)-351(priests)-351(and)-351(bards)-351(and)-351(founders)-351(of)-351(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arts)-240(which)-239(soften)-240(and)-240(embellish)-239(the)-240(life)-240(of)-240(men.)-246(But)-240(though)-239(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(home)-353(is)-352(radiant)-353(with)-353(a)-352(splendour)-353(not)-353(of)-352(earth,)-379(they)-352(are,)-379(in)-352(old)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Roman)-317(and)-317(Greek)-316(fashion,)-334(occupied)-316(with)-317(the)-317(toils)-317(or)-316(pleasures)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(their)-361(earthly)-362(life.)-585(Youthful)-362(forms)-361(are)-362(straining)-362(their)-361(sinews)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-299(the)-299(wrestling-ground)-300(as)-299(of)-299(old.)-398(The)-299(ancient)-299(warriors)-299(of)-299(Troy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-396(their)-395(shadowy)-396(chariots)-396(beside)-395(them,)-432(their)-396(lances)-395(planted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-319(the)-319(sward,)-336(their)-318(chargers)-319(grazing)-319(in)-319(the)-318(meadow.)-457(Others)-318(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(singing)-354(old)-354(lays)-355(or)-354(dancing,)-380(and)-354(the)-355(bard)-354(of)-354(Thrace)-354(himself)-354(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sweeping)-244(the)-243(lyre,)-245(as)-243(in)-244(the)-243(days)-244(when)-243(he)-244(sped)-243(the)-244(Argo)-243(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.059 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Clashing)-250(Rocks)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 68.793 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(quest)-250(of)-250(the)-250(fleece)-250(of)-250(gold.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.607 3.959 Td [(2560)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -228.917 -19.859 Td [(The)-521(vision)-520(closes)-521(with)-521(a)-521(scene)-520(which)-521(criticism)-521(has)-520(long)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(recognised)-573(as)-572(irreconcilable)-573(with)-573(the)-572(eschatology)-573(of)-572(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legend)-335(hitherto)-334(followed)-335(by)-334(the)-335(poet,)-355(but)-335(which)-334(is)-335(drawn)-334(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-313(philosophy)-313(destined)-312(to)-313(govern)-313(men)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 164.324 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-313(thoughts)-313(of)-312(immortality)]TJ -167.957 -13.549 Td [(for)-507(many)-507(ages.)-1020(In)-506(a)-507(wooded)-507(vale,)-571(far)-507(withdrawn,)-570(through)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-210(Lethe)-210(glided)-211(peacefully,)-218(countless)-210(multitudes)-210(are)-210(gathered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drinking)-456(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.25 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(water)-456(of)-456(carelessness)-456(and)-456(oblivion.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 161.375 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.818 0 Td [(These)-456(are)]TJ -236.286 -13.549 Td [(they,)-338(as)-320(Anchises)-320(expounds)-320(to)-320(his)-321(son,)-337(who,)-338(having)-320(passed)-320(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thousand)-248(purgatorial)-248(years,)-248(to)-248(cleanse)-248(away)-248(the)-248(stains)-248(of)-248(flesh)-247(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-317(former)-317(life,)-334(and,)-333(having)-317(effaced)-317(the)-317(memory)-317(of)-317(it,)-334(now)-316(await)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-391(call)-391(of)-391(Destiny)-390(to)-391(a)-391(new)-391(life)-391(on)-390(earth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.972 3.959 Td [(2561)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.775 -3.959 Td [(This)-391(theory)-391(of)]TJ -215.747 -13.549 Td [(life)-316(and)-316(death,)-333(coming)-316(down)-316(from)-316(Pythagoras,)-332(and)-316(popularised)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-368(Platonism,)-397(with)-368(some)-368(Stoic)-368(elements,)-398(had)-368(gained)-367(immense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vogue)-337(among)-337(educated)-336(men)-337(of)-337(the)-336(last)-337(period)-337(of)-337(the)-336(Republic.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Varro)-256(had)-255(adopted)-256(it)-255(as)-256(a)-255(fundamental)-256(tenet)-255(of)-256(his)-256(theology,)-256(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Cicero)-259(had)-258(embalmed)-259(it)-259(in)-258(his)-259(dream)-258(of)-259(Scipio,)-261(which)-258(furnished)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-278(text)-278(for)-279(Neo-Platonist)-278(homilies)-278(in)-278(the)-279(last)-278(days)-278(of)-278(the)-278(Western)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Empire.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.844 3.959 Td [(2562)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.47 -3.959 Td [(A)-320(fiery)-321(spirit)-320(animates)-321(the)-320(material)-320(universe,)-338(from)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.71 0 Td [([494])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.213 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.317 Td [(2560)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(vi.)-250(645.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -33.121 -7.395 Td [(2561)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.067 0 Td [(748;)-269(cf.)-289(Conington)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 68.017 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.845 0 Td [(Virg.)-289(Introd.)-288(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.556 0 Td [(vi.)-289(p.)-288(419;)-269(Lobeck,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.991 0 Td [(Aglaoph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.985 0 Td [(ii.)]TJ -273.402 -10.959 Td [(798.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(2562)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Diog.)-380(Laert.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.156 0 Td [(Vit.)-380(Pythag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.39 0 Td [(viii.)-380(1,)-305(\247)-293(14;)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 48.466 0 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.003 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\304\314\275)-293(\304\255)-294(\306\261\303\271)-293(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.053 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.545 0 Td [(\304\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.498 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\277\306)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.902 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\261\271)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2643 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2644 0 R /Resources 2642 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2637 0 R >> endobj 2645 0 obj << /D [2643 0 R /XYZ 103.085 122.898 null] >> endobj 2642 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2648 0 obj << /Length 5981 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(598)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-281(farthest)-280(star)-281(in)-281(ether)-280(down)-281(to)-280(the)-281(lowest)-281(form)-280(of)-281(animal)-280(life.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-218(souls)-218(of)-217(men)-218(are)-218(sparks)-218(or)-217(emanations)-218(from)-218(this)-218(general)-217(soul)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-215(have)-214(descended)-215(into)-214(the)-215(prison)-214(of)-215(the)-215(body,)-221(and)-215(during)-214(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(period)-361(of)-361(their)-362(bondage)-361(have)-361(suffered)-361(contamination.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.041 3.958 Td [(2563)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.804 -3.958 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.55 Td [(the)-269(prison)-269(walls)-269(hide)-270(from)-269(their)-269(eyes)-269(for)-269(a)-269(time)-269(the)-269(heaven)-269(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-299(they)-300(come.)-397(Nor)-300(when)-299(death)-299(releases)-300(them)-299(do)-299(they)-299(shake)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(off)-387(the)-387(engrained)-387(corruption.)-661(For)-387(a)-387(thousand)-387(years)-387(they)-386(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suffer)-306(cleansing)-307(by)-306(punishment)-306(till)-306(the)-307(stains)-306(are)-306(washed)-306(away,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-357(deeply)-358(festering)-357(taint)-357(burnt)-357(out)-358(as)-357(by)-357(fire.)-572(Then)-357(only)-357(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-241(pure)-242(residue)-241(of)-242(ethereal)-241(spirit)-242(seek)-241(to)-242(enter)-241(on)-242(another)-241(life)-241(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(earth.)]TJ 11.956 -17.347 Td [(Virgil,)-187(in)-170(his)-171(Nekuia,)-187(mirrored)-170(the)-171(confusion)-171(of)-170(beliefs)-171(as)-171(to)-170(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(future)-282(state)-282(prevailing)-282(in)-282(his)-282(time.)-346(For)-282(his)-282(poetic)-282(sensibility,)-289(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(old)-220(Roman)-220(faith)-220(of)-219(the)-220(Manes,)-226(the)-220(Greek)-220(legends)-220(of)-220(Tartarus)-219(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Elysium,)-264(the)-260(Pythagorean)-261(or)-261(Orphic)-261(doctrine)-261(of)-261(successive)-260(lives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-330(purgatorial)-330(atonement,)-350(had)-330(each)-330(their)-330(charm,)-350(and)-330(a)-329(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth.)-509(On)-336(a)-336(subject)-336(so)-336(dim)-337(and)-336(uncertain)-336(as)-336(the)-336(future)-337(life,)-357(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(keenest)-281(minds)-281(may)-282(have)-281(wavering)-281(conceptions,)-289(and)-281(in)-281(different)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moods)-383(may)-382(clothe)-383(them)-383(in)-383(various)-382(guise.)-649(This)-382(is)-383(the)-383(field)-382(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-417(protean)-417(poetic)-417(imagination)-417(inspired)-417(by)-417(religious)-417(intuition,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-353(of)-353(the)-352(rigorous)-353(dogmatist.)-559(But)-352(a)-353(great)-353(poet)-353(like)-353(Virgil)-352(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-262(expresses)-262(an)-263(age)-262(to)-262(itself:)-274(he)-263(elevates)-262(and)-262(glorifies)-262(what)-262(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expresses.)-361(He)-287(gives)-287(clear-cut)-287(form)-287(to)-287(what)-287(is)-287(vague,)-296(he)-287(spreads)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-316(warmth)-316(and)-317(richness)-316(of)-316(colour)-316(over)-317(what)-316(is)-316(dim)-316(and)-316(blank,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-243(he)-243(imparts)-243(to)-243(the)-243(abstract)-243(teaching)-243(of)-243(philosophy)-243(a)-243(glow)-242(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(penetrating)-229(power)-229(which)-229(may)-229(touch)-229(even)-229(the)-229(unthinking)-229(mass)-229(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men.)-246(The)-240(vision)-239(of)-239(the)-240(Sixth)-239(Book,)-241(moreover,)-242(like)-239(the)-239(Aeneid)-239(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-241(whole,)-242(has)-241(a)-240(high)-241(note)-241(of)-240(patriotism.)-247(Beside)-241(the)-240(water)-241(of)-240(Lethe)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 133.933 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F26 8.9664 Tf 93.543 121.181 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-313(\310\305\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.17 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-313(\272\315\272\273\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.589 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\254\263\272\267\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.334 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\274\265\257\262\277\305\303\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.054 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\277\304)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 17.789 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.789 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\277\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.031 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.607 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\270\261\271)-313(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.484 0 Td [(\364)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\277\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.76 0 Td [(:)-375(S.)]TJ -267.546 -10.959 Td [(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.934 0 Td [(De)-325(Civ.)-474(D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.941 0 Td [(vii.)-474(6;)-362(cf.)-474(Liebaldt,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.85 0 Td [(Theolog.)-474(Varr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 57.976 0 Td [(i.)-474(p.)-474(14;)-362(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.616 0 Td [(Rep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.096 0 Td [(vi.)]TJ -271.413 -10.959 Td [(15-25;)-250(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.022 0 Td [(Som.)-250(Scip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.846 0 Td [(i.)-250(14.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.607 -7.394 Td [(2563)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.331 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.392 0 Td [(,)-299(ii.)-367(161,)-298(n.)-367(1,)-299(34,)-299(312;)-308(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.804 0 Td [(De)-289(N.)-289(D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.165 0 Td [(i.)-367(11,)-299(27;)-308(Pythagoras)]TJ -204.648 -10.959 Td [(qui)-239(censuit)-238(animum)-239(esse)-238(per)-239(naturam)-238(rerum)-239(omnem)-238(intentum)-239(et)-238(commeantem,)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(ex)-250(quo)-250(nostri)-250(animi)-250(carperentur,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2647 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2648 0 R /Resources 2646 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2637 0 R >> endobj 2646 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2651 0 obj << /Length 5374 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(599)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(are)-359(gathered,)-387(waiting)-360(for)-359(their)-360(call)-359(to)-359(earthly)-360(life,)-387(all)-359(the)-359(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(souls)-297(from)-297(the)-297(Alban)-297(Silvius)-297(to)-297(the)-297(great)-298(Julius,)-308(all)-297(the)-297(Scipios,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gracchi,)-350(Decii,)-350(and)-331(Fabricii,)-350(who)-330(were)-330(destined)-330(through)-330(storm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-351(stress)-351(to)-351(give)-351(the)-351(world)-351(the)-351(calm)-351(of)-351(the)-351(Roman)-351(peace.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2564)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-362(poet)-361(of)-362(Roman)-362(destiny)-361(had)-362(a)-362(marvellous)-361(fame)-362(among)-361(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(countrymen.)-620(Men)-373(rose)-373(up)-373(to)-373(do)-374(him)-373(honour)-373(when)-373(he)-373(entered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-356(theatre;)-410(the)-357(street)-356(boys)-356(of)-357(Pompeii)-356(scratched)-357(his)-356(verses)-356(on)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([495])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-340(walls.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.793 3.959 Td [(2565)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.1 -3.959 Td [(Can)-340(we)-339(doubt)-340(that)-340(the)-339(grandest)-340(part)-340(of)-339(his)-340(great)]TJ -64.893 -13.549 Td [(poem,)-235(which)-231(lifts)-232(for)-231(a)-231(moment)-232(the)-231(veil)-231(of)-232(the)-231(unseen)-231(world,)-235(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-250(profound)-250(effect)-250(on)-250(the)-250(religious)-250(imagination)-250(of)-250(the)-250(future?)]TJ 11.956 -15.899 Td [(The)-224(opinion)-225(long)-224(prevailed)-224(that)-225(the)-224(period)-224(of)-225(the)-224(early)-224(Empire)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(was)-175(one)-174(of)-175(unbelief)-174(or)-175(scepticism)-175(as)-174(to)-175(the)-174(future)-175(life.)-225(The)-174(opinion)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-237(founded)-237(on)-238(literary)-237(evidence)-237(accepted)-237(without)-237(much)-237(critical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(care.)-236(Cicero)-208(and)-209(Seneca,)-216(Juvenal)-208(and)-209(Plutarch,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.541 3.959 Td [(2566)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.801 -3.959 Td [(had)-208(spoken)-208(of)]TJ -220.342 -13.549 Td [(the)-170(Inferno)-170(of)-169(Greek)-170(legend,)-186(its)-169(Cerberus)-170(and)-170(Chimaera,)-186(its)-169(gloom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-346(Tartarus,)-370(as)-346(mere)-346(old)-346(wives)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.588 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.408 0 Td [(fables,)-370(in)-346(which)-346(even)-346(children)]TJ -144.996 -13.549 Td [(had)-188(ceased)-188(to)-188(believe.)-230(But)-188(such)-188(testimony)-188(should)-188(always)-188(be)-188(taken)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-165(a)-165(good)-164(deal)-165(of)-165(reserve.)-222(The)-164(member)-165(of)-165(a)-165(comparatively)-164(small)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literary)-309(and)-308(thoughtful)-309(circle)-308(is)-309(apt)-309(to)-308(imagine)-309(that)-308(its)-309(ideas)-308(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-240(widely)-240(diffused)-240(than)-240(they)-240(really)-240(are.)-247(It)-240(may)-240(well)-240(have)-240(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-416(thoughtful)-415(men,)-457(steeped)-415(in)-416(Platonic)-415(or)-416(Pythagorean)-415(faith)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-365(to)-365(the)-365(coming)-364(life,)-394(rejected)-365(as)-365(anthropomorphic)-365(dreams)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(infernal)-197(scenery)-197(of)-197(Greek)-197(legend,)-207(just)-197(as)-197(a)-197(thoughtful)-197(Christian)-196(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-256(day)-256(will)-256(hardly)-256(picture)-256(his)-256(coming)-256(beatitude)-256(in)-256(the)-256(gorgeous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colouring)-461(of)-461(the)-461(Book)-461(of)-461(Revelation.)-883(Yet)-461(the)-461(mass)-461(of)-461(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-367(always)-368(seek)-367(for)-367(concrete)-368(imagery)-367(to)-367(body)-368(forth)-367(their)-367(dim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-387(cravings.)-659(They)-387(always)-386(live)-387(in)-386(that)-387(uncertain)-386(twilight)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-459(which)-459(the)-458(boundaries)-459(of)-459(pictured)-459(symbolism)-459(and)-458(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reality)-401(are)-401(blurred)-402(and)-401(effaced.)-703(Lucian)-402(was)-401(a)-401(pessimist)-401(as)-401(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-226(progress,)-231(and)-226(he)-226(may)-226(have)-226(exaggerated)-226(the)-226(materialistic)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.213 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.317 Td [(2564)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(vi.)-250(756)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -33.121 -7.395 Td [(2565)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iv.)-250(2361,)-250(1982;)-250(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.46 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(,)-250(486-8;)-250(Friedl.)-250(iii.)-250(p.)-250(300.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -144.958 -7.394 Td [(2566)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.564 0 Td [(Ad.)-320(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.191 0 Td [(xix.)-320(4;)-286(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.675 0 Td [(Tusc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.631 0 Td [(i.)-320(21,)-280(48;)-285(Juv.)-320(xiii.)-321(48;)-285(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.566 0 Td [(De)-273(Superst.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -238.582 -10.959 Td [(c.)-250(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2650 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2651 0 R /Resources 2649 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2637 0 R >> endobj 2652 0 obj << /D [2650 0 R /XYZ 118.395 436.88 null] >> endobj 2649 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2655 0 obj << /Length 5628 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(600)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(superstition)-281(of)-281(his)-282(time;)-297(he)-281(had)-281(ample)-281(excuse)-281(for)-282(doing)-281(so.)-343(Yet,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(artist)-335(as)-334(he)-335(was,)-355(his)-335(art)-335(would)-334(have)-335(been)-334(futile)-335(and)-334(discredited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-313(his)-313(own)-313(time,)-329(if)-313(it)-314(had)-313(not)-313(had)-313(a)-313(solid)-313(background)-313(in)-313(widely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accepted)-331(beliefs.)-495(And)-331(we)-331(cannot)-332(refuse)-331(to)-332(admit)-331(his)-331(testimony)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-367(the)-366(visions)-367(of)-367(the)-366(grim)-367(ferryman)-367(over)-366(the)-367(waters)-367(of)-366(Styx,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-379(awful)-380(judge,)-412(the)-379(tortures)-379(of)-380(Tartarus,)-412(the)-379(asphodel)-379(meads,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-351(the)-351(water)-352(of)-351(Lethe,)-376(the)-352(pale)-351(neutral)-351(shades)-351(who)-351(wandered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(expectant)-276(of)-275(the)-276(libation)-275(on)-276(the)-276(grave,)-282(filled)-275(a)-276(large)-275(space)-276(in)-275(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination)-331(of)-331(the)-331(crowd.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.361 3.958 Td [(2567)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.815 -3.958 Td [(Plutarch,)-351(who)-331(sometimes)-331(agrees)]TJ -137.176 -13.55 Td [(with)-308(Juvenal)-307(and)-308(Seneca)-307(as)-308(to)-308(the)-307(general)-308(incredulity,)-322(at)-307(others)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(holds)-279(that)-278(a)-279(large)-278(class)-279(of)-278(remorseful)-279(sinners)-278(have)-279(a)-278(wholesome)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fear)-419(of)-418(the)-419(legendary)-418(tortures)-419(of)-418(lost)-419(souls,)-461(and)-418(that)-419(they)-418(are)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([496])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(eager)-304(to)-304(purge)-304(their)-303(guilt)-304(before)-304(the)-304(awful)-304(ordeal)-304(of)-304(the)-303(Eternal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Judgment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.153 3.958 Td [(2568)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.882 -3.958 Td [(And,)-188(however)-172(pure)-172(and)-172(etherealised)-172(his)-172(own)-173(views)]TJ -64.035 -13.55 Td [(may)-373(have)-374(been)-373(as)-373(to)-374(the)-373(life)-373(to)-374(come,)-404(no)-373(one)-373(has)-374(left)-373(a)-373(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lurid)-227(picture)-228(of)-227(the)-228(flames,)-232(the)-227(gloom,)-232(the)-228(sounds)-227(of)-227(excruciating)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anguish)-295(from)-294(the)-295(prison-house)-294(of)-295(the)-294(damned,)-306(which)-294(oppressed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-370(imagination)-370(of)-370(the)-370(multitude)-369(in)-370(his)-370(time.)-610(One)-370(part)-370(of)-369(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vision)-223(had)-223(a)-224(peculiarly)-223(tenacious)-223(hold.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.395 3.958 Td [(2569)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.958 Td [(The)-223(belief)-223(in)-223(the)-224(gruff)]TJ -185.463 -13.55 Td [(ferryman)-362(of)-362(the)-362(dead,)-390(who)-362(sternly)-362(exacted)-362(his)-362(fare,)-390(and)-362(drove)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-235(the)-236(banks)-235(of)-236(Styx)-235(those)-236(who)-235(had)-235(no)-236(right)-235(to)-236(cross)-235(the)-235(awful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stream,)-326(was)-311(widely)-311(diffused)-310(and)-311(survived)-311(far)-311(into)-311(the)-310(medieval)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(times.)-240(For)-220(many)-221(centuries,)-226(long)-220(before)-220(and)-221(long)-220(after)-220(the)-220(coming)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-271(Christ,)-276(the)-271(coin)-271(which)-271(was)-271(to)-271(secure)-271(the)-271(passage)-271(of)-271(the)-271(shade)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(into)-250(the)-250(world)-250(below)-250(was)-250(placed)-250(in)-250(the)-250(mouth)-250(of)-250(the)-250(corpse.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 261.174 3.959 Td [(2570)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -249.218 -20.864 Td [(The)-550(inscriptions)-550(might)-551(be)-550(supposed)-550(to)-550(give)-550(authoritative)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(evidence)-529(as)-528(to)-529(the)-528(belief)-529(of)-528(ordinary)-529(men)-528(about)-529(the)-528(future)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(state.)-555(The)-352(funerary)-351(monuments)-352(from)-352(every)-351(part)-352(of)-352(the)-351(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world)-192(are)-191(almost)-192(countless)-191(for)-192(the)-192(period)-191(of)-192(the)-191(early)-192(Empire.)-230(Yet)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.416 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.52 Td [(2567)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(De)-250(Luctu)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.122 0 Td [(,)-250(cc.)-250(1-10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -66.242 -7.394 Td [(2568)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Non)-250(p.)-250(Suav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.068 0 Td [(c.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -81.7 -7.395 Td [(2569)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(De.)-250(Ser.)-250(Num.)-250(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 74.214 0 Td [(iv.)-250(44;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.16 0 Td [(De)-250(Gen.)-250(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.036 0 Td [(c.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -179.057 -7.394 Td [(2570)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.051 0 Td [(De)-310(Luctu)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.663 0 Td [(,)-326(c.)-431(10;)-340(Friedl.)-432(iii.)-431(p.)-431(632;)-341(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 129.037 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-326(i.)-431(p.)-431(306,)-326(n.)-431(3;)]TJ -220.1 -10.959 Td [(Maury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.388 0 Td [(La)-250(Magie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.619 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(158.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2654 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2655 0 R /Resources 2653 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2637 0 R >> endobj 2656 0 obj << /D [2654 0 R /XYZ 146.613 369.134 null] >> endobj 2653 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2659 0 obj << /Length 5683 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(601)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(such)-216(records,)-222(however)-216(abundant,)-222(are)-216(not)-216(so)-215(clear)-216(and)-215(satisfactory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-302(they)-303(are)-302(by)-302(some)-303(taken)-302(to)-303(be.)-407(The)-302(words)-302(of)-303(a)-302(tombstone)-302(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-322(a)-321(sincere)-322(utterance)-321(of)-322(real)-322(affection)-321(and)-322(faith.)-464(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-443(also)-442(not)-443(unfrequently)-442(purely)-443(conventional,)-491(representing)-442(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(respectable,)-416(historic)-383(creed,)-417(which)-383(may)-382(not)-383(be)-383(that)-383(of)-383(the)-383(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-328(erects)-328(the)-328(slab.)-485(Just)-328(as)-328(a)-328(Frenchman,)-348(who)-328(has)-328(never)-328(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infancy)-246(entered)-245(a)-246(church,)-247(may)-245(have)-246(his)-246(wife)-245(interred)-246(with)-246(all)-245(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solemn)-297(forms)-297(with)-297(which)-297(the)-297(Catholic)-297(Church)-297(makes)-297(the)-296(peace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-184(the)-183(passing)-184(soul,)-197(so)-184(the)-183(Roman)-184(pagan)-184(may)-183(have)-184(often)-183(inscribed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-295(his)-295(family)-295(tomb)-296(words)-295(which)-295(expressed)-295(the)-295(ancient)-295(creed)-295(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-289(race)-289(rather)-289(than)-289(his)-289(personal)-289(belief.)-367(Heredity)-289(in)-289(religion)-289(is)-289(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(potent)-230(influence,)-234(and)-230(may)-230(be)-230(misleading)-230(to)-230(the)-230(inquirer)-230(of)-230(a)-230(later)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age.)-248(An)-242(epitaph)-243(should)-242(not)-243(be)-243(construed)-242(as)-243(a)-242(confession)-243(of)-242(faith.)]TJ 11.956 -14.79 Td [(The)-291(great)-291(mass)-291(of)-292(these)-291(inscriptions)-291(are)-291(couched)-291(in)-291(the)-291(same)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(phrases,)-210(with)-200(only)-200(slight)-200(variations.)-233(The)-200(dedication)-200(Dis)-199(Manibus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(representing)-179(the)-178(old)-178(Roman)-179(faith,)-193(is)-178(the)-179(heading)-178(of)-179(the)-178(majority)-178(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([497])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(them.)-242(The)-227(vault)-226(is)-227(an)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.433 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(eternal)-227(home,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.123 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.316 0 Td [(whose)-227(peace)-226(is)-227(guarded)-226(by)]TJ -164.716 -13.549 Td [(prayers)-235(or)-235(threats)-235(and)-234(entreaties.)-245(There)-235(is)-235(a)-235(rare)-235(dedication)-235(to)-234(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(ashes)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.629 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.122 0 Td [(of)-209(the)-209(dead.)-236(There)-209(are)-208(many)-209(to)-209(their)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 155.748 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(eternal)-209(repose.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.161 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2571)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-283(it)-284(is)-283(surely)-283(rather)-284(absurd)-283(to)-283(find)-284(in)-283(expressions)-283(which)-283(occur)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(almost)-297(in)-296(the)-297(same)-297(form)-297(in)-296(the)-297(niches)-297(of)-296(the)-297(Catacombs)-297(a)-296(tinge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-214(Epicureanism.)-238(The)-214(poor)-214(grammarian)-215(of)-214(Como,)-221(who)-214(left)-214(all)-214(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(substance)-163(to)-163(his)-164(town,)-180(may)-163(be)-164(permitted)-163(to)-163(enjoy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 208.015 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-163(calm)-163(peace)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 62.928 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.55 Td [(he)-210(claims)-211(after)-210(all)-211(the)-210(troubles)-210(of)-211(his)-210(life,)-218(without)-211(a)-210(suspicion)-210(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-336(meant)-335(the)-336(peace)-336(of)-336(nothingness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.369 3.959 Td [(2572)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.97 -3.959 Td [(A)-336(pious)-335(Christian)-336(may)]TJ -179.339 -13.549 Td [(rejoice)-220(at)-220(escaping)-220(the)-221(miseries)-220(of)-220(old)-220(age,)-226(and)-220(even)-220(hail)-220(death)-220(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(last)-302(cure)-301(of)-301(all)-301(mortal)-302(ills.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.527 3.959 Td [(2573)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.844 -3.959 Td [(Death)-301(and)-302(sleep)-301(have)-301(always)]TJ -152.371 -13.549 Td [(seemed)-364(near)-365(akin,)-392(and)-365(when)-364(the)-364(Roman)-364(spoke)-365(of)-364(the)-364(sleep)-364(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(death,)-377(he)-352(probably)-352(did)-351(not)-352(often)-352(mean)-352(that)-351(it)-352(had)-352(no)-351(awaking.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-314(morning)-314(indeed,)-330(as)-314(we)-314(have)-314(seen,)-330(to)-314(old)-314(imaginations)-314(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-359(very)-360(bright.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.264 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(The)-359(day)-360(of)-359(eternity)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.892 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.764 0 Td [(was)-359(not)-360(irradiated)-359(with)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.254 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.358 Td [(2571)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4443.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(2572)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1197.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2573)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2982.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2658 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2659 0 R /Resources 2657 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2661 0 R >> endobj 2660 0 obj << /D [2658 0 R /XYZ 264.118 313.697 null] >> endobj 2657 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2664 0 obj << /Length 5480 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(602)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-351(golden)-351(splendour)-351(of)-351(Pindar)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.942 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-351(Happy)-351(Isles;)-402(it)-351(was)-351(grey)-351(and)]TJ -142.575 -13.549 Td [(sad)-263(and)-262(calm.)-288(But)-262(that)-263(it)-262(was)-263(felt)-262(to)-263(be)-262(a)-263(real)-262(existence)-263(is)-262(shown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-278(the)-279(insistent)-278(demand)-278(on)-279(scores)-278(of)-278(monuments)-279(for)-278(the)-278(regular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(service)-318(of)-317(the)-318(living.)-453(Every)-317(possible)-318(precaution)-318(is)-317(taken)-318(by)-317(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(testator)-211(that)-212(his)-211(family)-211(or)-212(his)-211(club)-211(shall)-212(maintain)-211(this)-211(sympathetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(observance)-334(for)-333(ever.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.569 3.959 Td [(2574)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.9 -3.959 Td [(With)-334(the)-333(idea)-334(of)-333(prolonged)-334(existence,)]TJ -112.469 -13.549 Td [(of)-237(course,)-239(is)-236(blended)-237(the)-236(imaginative)-237(hope)-236(of)-237(having)-236(a)-236(continued)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(memory)-261(among)-260(men.)-282(And)-261(probably)-261(the)-260(majority)-261(of)-261(the)-260(funerary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-397(express)-397(this)-397(feeling)-396(chiefly.)-691(But)-397(the)-397(same)-397(is)-396(true)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-449(the)-449(monuments)-449(of)-449(every)-449(age,)-499(and)-449(warrants)-448(no)-449(conclusion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-356(to)-356(the)-356(opinions)-355(about)-356(immortality)-356(held)-356(by)-356(those)-356(who)-355(raised)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them.)-510(There)-337(is)-336(abundance)-337(of)-337(the)-336(purest)-337(affection)-337(expressed)-336(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-292(memorials,)-302(and)-292(sometimes,)-302(although)-292(not)-292(very)-292(often,)-302(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-336(the)-336(hope)-335(of)-336(reunion)-336(after)-336(death.)-507(The)-336(wife)-336(of)-336(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 223.021 0 Td [(philologus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 49.733 0 Td [(at)]TJ -272.754 -13.55 Td [(Narbonne)-377(confidently)-377(expects)-377(to)-376(meet)-377(him,)-409(or)-377(a)-377(mother)-376(prays)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(her)-276(son)-275(to)-276(take)-275(her)-276(to)-276(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.656 3.959 Td [(2575)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.003 -3.959 Td [(Such)-276(expressions)-275(of)-276(a)-275(natural)]TJ -151.659 -13.549 Td [(feeling,)-459(the)-418(same)-417(from)-417(age)-418(to)-417(age,)-459(have)-417(really)-418(little)-417(value)-417(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indications)-318(of)-317(religious)-318(belief.)-452(But)-318(there)-317(are)-318(not)-317(wanting)-318(in)-317(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-200(references)-200(to)-201(Tartarus)-200(and)-200(the)-200(Elysian)-200(fields,)-210(to)-200(Pluto)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-220(Proserpine,)-226(to)-219(Orcus)-220(who)-220(has)-220(snatched)-219(away)-220(some)-220(one)-220(in)-219(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bloom.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.341 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(One)-281(little)-280(soul)-281(has)-280(been)-281(received)-281(among)-280(the)-281(number)-281(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -111.94 0 Td [([498])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(the)-304(gods.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.982 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2576)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.755 -3.959 Td [(There)-304(are)-304(others,)-317(impregnated)-305(wi)1(th)-305(the)-304(prevalent)]TJ -64.581 -13.549 Td [(philosophy,)-244(which)-243(speak)-242(of)-243(the)-242(soul)-243(returning)-243(to)-242(its)-243(source,)-244(or)-242(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(being)-295(dissolved)-295(into)-294(the)-295(infinite)-295(ether,)-306(or)-294(of)-295(passing)-295(to)-295(a)-294(distant)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(home)-355(in)-356(the)-355(stars.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.415 3.959 Td [(2577)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.617 -3.959 Td [(This,)-382(however,)-382(as)-355(M.)-356(Boissier)-355(says,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.16 3.959 Td [(2578)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(must)-392(have)-392(been)-391(the)-392(dream)-392(of)-392(a)-392(small)-391(minority.)-676(The)-391(funerary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-262(leave)-263(the)-262(impression)-263(that,)-265(down)-262(to)-263(the)-262(final)-262(triumph)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-243(the)-244(Church,)-244(the)-244(feeling)-243(of)-243(the)-244(Romans)-243(about)-243(death)-244(was)-243(still)-243(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-233(main)-233(the)-233(feeling)-233(of)-233(their)-233(remote)-233(ancestors)-233(of)-233(the)-232(Samnite)-233(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.66 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.764 Td [(2574)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4433,)-250(4416,)-250(4417.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2575)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(4662,)-250(4755.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2576)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(4581,)-250(4841,)-250(4849,)-250(4701,)-250(7352.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(2577)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(7392.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2578)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(i.)-250(342.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2663 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2664 0 R /Resources 2662 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2661 0 R >> endobj 2665 0 obj << /D [2663 0 R /XYZ 239.539 247.191 null] >> endobj 2662 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2668 0 obj << /Length 6042 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(603)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Punic)-285(wars.)-355(It)-285(was)-285(a)-285(social)-285(feeling,)-294(in)-285(the)-285(prospect)-285(of)-285(a)-285(dim)-285(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dependent)-199(on)-199(the)-199(memory)-199(of)-200(the)-199(living,)-209(a)-199(horror)-199(of)-199(loneliness)-199(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(desertion,)-265(the)-261(longing)-262(for)-262(a)-261(passing)-262(prayer)-262(even)-261(from)-262(a)-261(stranger.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Blessings)-288(are)-288(heaped)-289(on)-288(him)-288(who)-288(will)-289(not)-288(forget)-288(the)-288(pious)-288(duty)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-238(the)-238(shade.)-247(On)-238(him)-238(who)-238(refuses)-238(it)-239(is)-238(invoked)-238(the)-238(bitterest)-238(curse)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(Roman)-250(imagination)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.582 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(May)-250(he)-250(die)-250(the)-250(last)-250(of)-250(his)-250(race.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 133.909 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -235.288 -18.015 Td [(But)-431(no)-432(dogmatic)-431(ecclesiastical)-432(system)-431(deterred)-432(the)-431(Roman)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(from)-387(expressing)-387(frankly)-387(his)-387(unbelief)-387(in)-387(any)-387(future)-387(state.)-660(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-521(rejection)-521(of)-521(all)-521(hope)-521(for)-521(the)-521(future,)-589(somet)1(imes)-521(coupled)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-443(a)-443(coarse)-443(satisfaction)-443(with)-444(a)-443(sensual)-443(past,)-491(is)-443(the)-443(note)-443(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-429(a)-428(few)-429(epitaphs)-429(of)-428(this)-429(period.)-786(Matrinia,)-473(the)-429(wife)-429(of)-428(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(C.)-377(Matrinius)-376(Valentius,)-409(an)-377(Epicurean)-376(philosopher,)-409(dedicates)-376(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tablet)-220(to)-220(his)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.666 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(eternal)-220(sleep,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.232 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.246 0 Td [(which)-220(in)-220(this)-221(case)-220(is)-220(no)-220(conventional)]TJ -121.987 -13.549 Td [(phrase.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.2 3.958 Td [(2579)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.991 -3.958 Td [(And)-306(others,)-319(in)-306(even)-306(more)-306(decided)-306(language,)-319(parade)]TJ -52.191 -13.55 Td [(their)-460(withering)-460(faith)-460(that)-460(this)-460(brief)-460(life)-460(is)-460(only)-460(a)-460(moment)-459(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consciousness)-525(between)-526(the)-525(blank)-526(of)-525(the)-525(past)-526(and)-525(the)-525(blank)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-491(the)-492(future,)-551(and)-491(record)-492(their)-491(indifference)-491(at)-491(passing)-491(again)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-437(the)-438(nothingness)-437(from)-437(which)-438(they)-437(came.)-812(The)-437(formula)-437(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(frequent)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.349 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(Non)-434(fueram,)-480(non)-434(sum,)-480(nescio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.495 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)-526(or)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.591 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Non)-434(fui,)-480(fui;)]TJ -221.875 -13.55 Td [(non)-406(sum,)-445(non)-406(curo.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.464 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.272 0 Td [(Another)-406(adds)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.603 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(non)-406(mihi)-406(dolet.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.773 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2580)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.867 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(subjects)-262(of)-262(some)-261(of)-262(these)-262(epitaphs)-261(seem)-262(to)-262(have)-262(obeyed)-261(literally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-248(counsel)-248(of)-248(their)-248(master)-248(Lucretius,)-248(though)-248(in)-248(a)-248(sense)-247(different)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-387(his,)-420(and)-387(to)-386(have)-387(risen)-386(up)-387(sated)-386(with)-387(the)-386(banquet)-387(of)-386(life.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(They)-256(express,)-257(with)-256(cynical)-256(grossness,)-257(their)-255(only)-256(faith)-256(in)-256(the)-255(joys)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-239(the)-239(flesh,)-241(and)-239(their)-239(perfect)-238(content)-239(at)-239(having)-239(made)-239(the)-239(most)-238(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.163 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Balnea,)-226(Vina,)-226(Venus,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 92.484 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.242 0 Td [(sums)-220(up)-220(the)-219(tale.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.343 3.959 Td [(2581)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.056 -3.959 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(What)-220(I)-220(have)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.048 0 Td [([499])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(eaten,)-355(what)-335(I)-334(have)-334(drunk,)-356(is)-334(my)-334(own.)-503(I)-335(have)-334(had)-334(my)-335(life.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 259.348 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2582)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-359(the)-358(departing)-359(voluptuary)-358(exhorts)-358(his)-359(friends)-358(to)-359(follow)-358(his)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.375 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.479 Td [(2579)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1192.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(2580)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.335 0 Td [(7387,)-443(4809,)-443(4810,)-442(4811,)-443(4807,)-443(4813,)-443(vixi)-404(dum)-404(vixi)-405(bene;)-481(jam)-404(mea)]TJ -25.29 -10.958 Td [(peracta)-250(mox)-250(vestra)-250(agetur)-250(fabula;)-250(velete)-250(et)-250(plaudite,)-250(7411.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.395 Td [(2581)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-453(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.78 0 Td [(4806,)-335(7;)-351(4;)-351(4816,)-335(hic)-318(secum)-317(habet)-318(omnia.)-453(Balnea,)-335(vina,)-334(venus)]TJ -51.735 -10.959 Td [(corrumpunt)-250(corpora)-250(nostra,)-250(set)-250(vitam)-250(faciunt.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(2582)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(7407.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2667 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2668 0 R /Resources 2666 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2661 0 R >> endobj 2669 0 obj << /D [2667 0 R /XYZ 73.934 174.979 null] >> endobj 2666 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2672 0 obj << /Length 5763 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(604)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(example:)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.611 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(My)-337(friends,)-358(while)-337(we)-336(live,)-359(let)-336(us)-337(live)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 167.377 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 7.178 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Eat,)-358(drink,)]TJ -233.696 -13.549 Td [(disport)-201(thyself,)-211(and)-201(then)-201(join)-201(us.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.735 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2583)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.631 -3.959 Td [(A)-201(veteran)-201(of)-201(the)-201(fifth)-201(legion)]TJ -161.21 -13.549 Td [(records,)-251(probably)-250(with)-251(much)-251(truth,)-250(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 173.356 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(while)-251(he)-250(lived)-251(he)-250(drank)]TJ -178.2 -13.549 Td [(with)-391(a)-392(good)-391(will,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 78.568 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.958 Td [(2584)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.708 -3.958 Td [(and)-391(he)-392(exhorts)-391(his)-391(surviving)-392(friends)-391(to)]TJ -104.12 -13.55 Td [(drink)-342(while)-341(they)-342(live.)-525(Under)-342(the)-341(confessional)-342(of)-342(St.)-525(Peter)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 261.15 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-342(at)]TJ -264.783 -13.549 Td [(Rome,)-248(in)-248(the)-248(year)-248(1626,)-249(was)-248(found)-248(a)-248(monument)-248(of)-247(one)-248(Agricola)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-196(Tibur)-196(and)-196(his)-196(wife.)-231(There)-196(was)-196(a)-196(figure)-196(holding)-196(a)-196(wine-cup,)-206(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-217(inscription)-218(so)-217(frankly)-217(sensual)-217(that)-217(the)-218(whole)-217(was)-217(destroyed)-217(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-241(of)-240(the)-241(Pope.)-247(From)-240(the)-241(copy)-241(which)-240(was)-241(kept,)-242(it)-241(appears)-240(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Agricola)-268(was)-268(perfectly)-267(satisfied)-268(with)-268(his)-268(life,)-272(and)-267(recommended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-207(example)-207(to)-207(others,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.7 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(since)-207(it)-207(all)-207(ends)-208(in)-207(the)-207(grave)-207(or)-207(the)-207(funeral)]TJ -101.544 -13.549 Td [(fire.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 17.869 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2585)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.075 -3.959 Td [(But)-333(inscriptions)-334(such)-333(as)-333(these)-334(are)-333(the)-333(exception.)-500(The)]TJ -42.788 -13.549 Td [(funerary)-237(records,)-239(as)-236(a)-237(whole,)-239(give)-236(a)-237(picture)-236(of)-237(a)-236(society)-237(very)-236(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-235(own,)-237(with)-235(warm)-234(affections)-235(of)-235(kindred)-234(or)-235(friendship,)-237(clinging)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-372(ancestral)-373(pieties,)-403(ready)-372(to)-372(hope,)-403(if)-372(sometimes)-373(not)-372(clear)-372(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confident)-250(in)-250(faith.)]TJ 11.956 -18.015 Td [(There)-280(was)-280(probably)-280(a)-280(much)-280(more)-280(settled)-280(faith)-280(in)-280(immortality)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(among)-442(the)-441(ordinary)-442(masses)-442(than)-441(among)-442(the)-442(highly)-441(educated.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-309(philosophy)-310(of)-309(Greece)-310(came)-309(to)-309(the)-310(cultivated)-309(Roman)-309(world)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-390(many)-389(different)-390(voices)-389(on)-390(the)-390(greatest)-389(problem)-390(of)-389(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(destiny.)-614(And)-372(the)-371(greatest)-371(minds,)-402(from)-371(Cicero)-372(to)-371(M.)-371(Aurelius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reflect)-511(the)-511(discordance)-510(of)-511(philosophy.)-1033(Nay,)-576(some)-511(of)-510(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who,)-561(in)-500(more)-499(exalted)-499(moods,)-561(have)-499(left)-499(glowing)-499(pictures)-499(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-481(future)-481(beatitude,)-539(have)-481(also)-481(at)-481(times)-481(revealed)-481(a)-481(mood)-481(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(melancholy)-244(doubt)-244(as)-244(to)-244(any)-244(conscious)-244(future)-244(life.)-248(The)-244(prevailing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(philosophy)-206(in)-207(the)-206(last)-206(generation)-207(of)-206(the)-206(Republic,)-215(demoralised)-206(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-192(internecine)-192(strife,)-203(was)-192(that)-192(of)-192(Epicurus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 180.525 3.959 Td [(2586)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.954 -3.959 Td [(It)-192(harmonised)-192(with)]TJ -199.479 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(decay)-329(of)-329(old)-329(Roman)-329(religion,)-349(and)-329(with)-329(the)-329(more)-329(disastrous)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.375 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.479 Td [(2583)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(1877.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.395 Td [(2584)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6674,)-250(dum)-250(vixi)-250(bi\050bi\051)-250(libenter;)-250(bibite)-250(vos)-250(qui)-250(vivitis.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(2585)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.363 0 Td [(7410)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(miscete)-407(Lyaeum,)-447(etc.,)-447(caetera)-407(post)-408(obitum)-407(tellus)-408(consumit)-407(et)]TJ -52.219 -10.959 Td [(ignis.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(2586)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.976 0 Td [(Rel.)-813(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.079 0 Td [(i.)-813(312-316;)-531(Thiersch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 87.119 0 Td [(Politik)-438(und)-437(Phil.)-813(in)-437(ihrem)]TJ -179.13 -10.959 Td [(Verh\344ltn.)-250(zur)-250(Rel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.002 0 Td [(p.)-250(13.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2671 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2672 0 R /Resources 2670 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2661 0 R >> endobj 2670 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2675 0 obj << /Length 7767 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(605)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(moral)-287(deterioration)-287(in)-286(the)-287(upper)-287(cultivated)-286(class.)-361(The)-286(cultivated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patrician,)-328(enervated)-312(by)-312(vice)-312(and)-312(luxury,)-328(or)-312(intoxicated)-312(with)-312(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(excitement)-313(of)-312(civil)-313(war)-312(and)-312(the)-313(dreams)-312(of)-313(disordered)-312(ambition,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([500])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(flung)-365(off)-365(all)-365(spiritual)-364(idealism,)-394(and)-365(accepted)-365(frankly)-365(a)-364(lawless)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(universe)-319(and)-319(a)-318(life)-319(of)-319(pleasure)-319(or)-318(power,)-336(to)-319(be)-319(ended)-319(by)-318(death.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-268(great)-268(poem)-268(of)-268(Lucretius,)-272(the)-268(greatest)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 183.795 0 Td [(tour)-268(de)-268(force)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 59.669 0 Td [(in)-268(Latin,)]TJ -243.464 -13.549 Td [(if)-354(not)-354(in)-355(any)-354(literature,)-380(braving)-354(not)-355(only)-354(the)-354(deepest)-354(beliefs)-354(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-346(Latin)-345(race,)-370(but)-346(the)-345(instinctive)-346(longings)-346(of)-345(humanity,)-370(was)-345(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(herculean)-390(attempt)-390(to)-390(relieve)-390(men)-390(from)-390(the)-390(horrors)-390(of)-389(Graeco-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Etruscan)-531(superstition.)-1093(Even)-531(the)-531(gay)-531(frivolity)-531(of)-531(the)-531(comic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stage)-379(reveals)-378(the)-379(terror)-378(which)-379(the)-378(path)-379(to)-378(Acheron)-379(inspired)-378(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-354(thoughtless)-354(crowd)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.023 3.959 Td [(2587)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.438 -3.959 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)-354(terror)-354(from)-355(which,)-380(with)-354(all)-354(the)]TJ -125.37 -13.549 Td [(fervid)-497(zeal)-497(of)-497(an)-497(evangelist,)-559(Lucretius)-497(sought)-497(to)-497(rel)1(ieve)-497(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(countrymen.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.84 3.958 Td [(2588)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.186 -3.958 Td [(The)-312(pictures)-311(of)-312(Tartarus)-312(had)-312(burnt)-311(themselves)]TJ -76.026 -13.55 Td [(into)-487(the)-486(popular)-487(imagination.)-959(And)-487(no)-486(message)-487(of)-486(Epicurus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-417(to)-418(his)-417(Roman)-417(interpreter)-417(so)-417(full)-418(of)-417(peace)-417(and)-417(blessing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-353(the)-353(gospel)-352(of)-353(nothingness)-353(after)-353(death,)-378(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 202.851 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(morningless)-353(and)]TJ -207.695 -13.549 Td [(unawakening)-304(sleep)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 83.903 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.16 0 Td [(which)-304(ends)-304(the)-304(fretful)-304(fever)-304(of)-304(life.)-412(As)-304(we)]TJ -92.063 -13.549 Td [(felt)-301(no)-301(trouble)-301(when)-300(the)-301(storm)-301(of)-301(Punic)-301(invasion)-301(burst)-301(on)-300(Italy,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-201(shall)-200(be)-201(equally)-201(unconscious)-200(when)-201(the)-201(partnership)-200(of)-201(soul)-200(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(body)-210(is)-211(dissolved,)-218(even)-210(in)-211(the)-210(clash)-211(and)-210(fusion)-210(of)-211(all)-210(the)-210(elements)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-297(some)-297(great)-297(cosmic)-297(change.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 130.814 3.959 Td [(2589)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.705 -3.959 Td [(The)-297(older)-297(Stoicism)-297(permitted)]TJ -151.519 -13.549 Td [(the)-270(hope)-270(of)-270(a)-269(limited)-270(immortality)-270(until)-270(the)-270(next)-270(great)-269(cataclysm,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-316(which,)-332(after)-316(many)-316(ages,)-333(all)-316(things)-316(will)-316(be)-316(swallowed)-316(up.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2590)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-355(Chrysippus)-354(admitted)-355(this)-354(prolonged)-355(existence)-354(only)-355(for)-354(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(greater)-290(souls.)-369(And)-290(Panaetius,)-300(in)-290(the)-289(second)-290(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 229.864 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-300(among)]TJ -244.938 -13.549 Td [(other)-377(aberrations)-377(from)-377(the)-377(old)-377(creed)-377(of)-377(his)-377(school,)-408(abandoned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-212(this)-212(not)-211(very)-212(satisfactory)-212(hope)-212(of)-211(immortality.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 220.695 3.959 Td [(2591)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.026 -3.959 Td [(Aristotle,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.578 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.682 Td [(2587)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(i.)-250(310.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.924 -7.394 Td [(2588)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lucret.)-250(iii.)-250(952,)-250(991.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(2589)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(844)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2590)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)-679(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.832 0 Td [(De)-393(Plac.)-680(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.463 0 Td [(iv.)-679(7,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 25.88 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.161 0 Td [(\243\304\311\271\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.46 0 Td [(v)-393(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.927 0 Td [(\276\271\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.029 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.064 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272)-393(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.953 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-393(\303\311\274\254\304\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -237.778 -10.959 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\277\306\255\301\265\303\270\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.823 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-345(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.47 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.638 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\303\270\265\275\265\303\304\255\301\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.377 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\274\261)-345(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.953 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-345(\303\305\263\272\301\257\274\261\303\271)-345(\263\265\275\255\303\270\261\271\207)-344(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 92.33 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-345(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.932 0 Td [(r)]TJ -276.863 -10.959 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\307\305\301\277\304\255\301\261\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.101 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(5)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.637 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.948 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.142 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.769 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-250(\303\277\306\277\315\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.041 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\274\255\307\301\271)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.976 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\272\300\305\301\316\303\265\311\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.384 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -248.803 -7.394 Td [(2591)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(185;)-250(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.015 0 Td [(Tusc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(i.)-250(32,)-250(79.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2674 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2675 0 R /Resources 2673 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2661 0 R >> endobj 2676 0 obj << /D [2674 0 R /XYZ 46.771 491.077 null] >> endobj 2673 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2679 0 obj << /Length 5499 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(606)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(while)-223(he)-223(held)-223(the)-223(permanence)-223(of)-223(the)-223(pure)-223(thinking)-223(principle)-223(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death,)-471(had)-427(given)-427(little)-427(countenance)-427(to)-427(the)-427(hope)-427(of)-427(a)-426(separate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conscious)-254(personality.)-261(And)-254(the)-253(later)-254(Peripatetics,)-255(like)-253(Alexander)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aphrodisias,)-225(had)-220(gone)-219(farther)-219(even)-219(than)-220(their)-219(master)-219(in)-219(dogmatic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(denial)-524(of)-524(immortality.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 101.432 3.959 Td [(2592)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.131 -3.959 Td [(Whatever)-524(support)-524(the)-524(instinctive)]TJ -129.563 -13.549 Td [(craving)-313(of)-314(humanity)-313(for)-313(prolonged)-314(existence)-313(could)-313(obtain)-313(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)-414(was)-413(offered)-414(by)-414(the)-413(Platonic)-414(and)-413(Neo-Pythagorean)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([501])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(schools.)-312(And)-271(their)-271(influence)-271(grew)-270(with)-271(the)-271(growing)-271(tendency)-270(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-282(revival)-282(of)-281(faith)-282(in)-282(the)-282(supernatural.)-345(For)-282(Plato,)-290(with)-282(his)-281(intense)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(belief)-295(in)-295(the)-295(divine)-294(affinity)-295(of)-295(the)-295(human)-295(spirit,)-306(must)-295(always)-294(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(great)-328(leader)-329(of)-328(those)-329(who)-328(seek)-329(in)-328(philosophy)-329(an)-328(interpreter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-313(a)-313(champion)-313(of)-313(religious)-312(intuition.)-439(The)-313(Phaedo)-313(was)-313(the)-312(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consolation)-201(of)-201(many)-202(a)-201(victim)-201(of)-201(conscription)-201(or)-201(imperial)-201(tyranny.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Its)-164(fine-spun)-164(arguments)-164(may)-164(not)-164(have)-164(been)-164(altogether)-164(convincing,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-391(they)-392(hardly)-391(seem)-392(to)-391(be)-392(even)-391(to)-391(the)-392(Platonic)-391(Socrates.)-674(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plato)-209(was)-210(not)-209(merely)-210(a)-209(dialectician,)-218(he)-209(was)-209(also)-210(a)-209(seer)-210(and)-209(a)-209(poet.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And,)-237(on)-233(a)-233(subject)-233(so)-233(dim)-233(as)-234(immortality,)-236(where)-233(mere)-233(intellectual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proof,)-337(it)-319(is)-320(generally)-319(recognised,)-337(can)-320(be)-319(no)-320(more)-319(than)-319(tentative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-347(precarious,)-371(men)-347(with)-346(a)-347(deep)-347(spiritual)-347(instinct)-347(have)-346(always)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(felt)-263(the)-263(magnetism)-263(of)-262(the)-263(poet)-263(who)-263(could)-263(clothe)-263(his)-263(intuitions)-262(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-325(forms)-324(of)-325(imagination,)-343(who,)-343(from)-325(a)-325(keener)-324(sensibility)-325(and)-324(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(larger)-305(vision,)-318(could)-305(give)-304(authority)-305(and)-305(clearness)-304(to)-305(the)-304(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intuitions)-196(of)-196(the)-196(race.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.951 3.959 Td [(2593)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.97 -3.959 Td [(The)-196(philosophy)-196(of)-196(the)-196(Porch)-196(gave)-196(to)-196(the)]TJ -109.921 -13.549 Td [(Antonine)-315(age)-314(some)-315(of)-314(its)-315(loftiest)-314(characters.)-443(But)-315(it)-314(was)-315(not)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)-258(of)-257(the)-258(future.)-273(It)-258(was)-258(too)-257(cold,)-260(and)-258(too)-257(self-centred.)-273(It)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-260(too)-259(little)-260(warmth)-259(of)-259(sympathy)-260(with)-259(religious)-260(instincts)-259(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-446(becoming)-446(more)-445(and)-446(more)-446(imperious.)-837(Although,)-495(as)-445(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-237(seen)-236(in)-237(Seneca,)-239(it)-237(was)-237(softened)-236(by)-237(elements)-237(borrowed)-236(from)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 131.886 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 124.99 Td [(2592)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-264(iii.)-283(1,)-264(p.)-283(711,)-263(keine)-262(Seelenth\344tigkeit)-261(ist)-261(ohne)-261(k\366rperliche)-261(Bewegung)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(m\366glich;)-250(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.519 0 Td [(Averro\350s)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(128)-250(sq.,)-250(418;)-250(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 94.398 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(309.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -216.417 -7.394 Td [(2593)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-278(Graham,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.167 0 Td [(Creed)-259(of)-260(Science)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.247 0 Td [(\0502nd)-259(ed.\051,)-262(p.)-278(183,)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 64.292 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(The)-259(poets)-260(must)-259(count)-259(for)]TJ -190.643 -10.959 Td [(much)-222(in)-221(the)-222(argument,)-227(since)-222(they)-222(possess)-221(in)-222(higher)-221(degree)-222(than)-222(others)-221(the)-222(great)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(creative)-336(faculty)-336(of)-335(imagination)-336(which)-336(outlines)-336(the)-336(province)-335(of)-336(the)-336(possible)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 274.156 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.982 0 Td [(;)]TJ -278.138 -10.959 Td [(Jowett,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.895 0 Td [(Plato)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)-250(pp.)-250(389)-250(sqq.,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2678 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2679 0 R /Resources 2677 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2661 0 R >> endobj 2680 0 obj << /D [2678 0 R /XYZ 237.294 436.88 null] >> endobj 2677 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2683 0 obj << /Length 5268 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(607)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Platonic)-265(sources,)-269(in)-265(Epictetus)-265(and)-265(M.)-265(Aurelius,)-268(in)-265(spite)-265(of)-265(a)-265(rare)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-242(elevation,)-243(it)-242(displays)-242(the)-242(old)-242(aloofness)-242(from)-242(the)-242(mass)-241(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men,)-319(and)-305(a)-305(cold)-305(temperance)-306(of)-305(reserve)-305(on)-305(the)-305(great)-305(question)-305(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(future)-250(of)-250(the)-250(soul.)]TJ 11.956 -15.795 Td [(There)-326(can)-326(be)-325(little)-326(doubt)-326(that)-326(in)-326(the)-325(last)-326(age)-326(of)-326(the)-325(Republic)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(a)-258(negative)-257(philosophy)-258(conspired)-258(with)-257(a)-258(decaying)-258(religious)-257(sense)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-460(stifle)-461(the)-460(hope)-460(of)-460(immortality)-461(among)-460(the)-460(cultivated)-460(class.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucretius)-504(was)-504(certainly)-504(not)-503(a)-504(solitary)-504(member)-504(of)-504(his)-503(order.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-312(great)-312(poem,)-327(by)-312(its)-312(combination)-312(of)-311(dialectic)-312(subtlety,)-327(poetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charm,)-619(and)-545(lofty)-545(moral)-545(earnestness,)-618(may)-545(have)-545(made)-545(many)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(converts)-316(to)-316(its)-316(withering)-316(creed.)-448(In)-316(the)-316(debate)-316(on)-316(the)-316(fate)-316(of)-316(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Catilinarian)-205(conspirators,)-213(Julius)-205(Caesar)-205(could)-204(assert,)-214(without)-204(fear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-180(contradiction)-180(or)-180(disapproval,)-193(that)-180(death)-180(was)-180(the)-180(final)-180(term)-179(alike)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-353(joy)-354(and)-353(sorrow)-354(in)-353(human)-354(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.661 3.959 Td [(2594)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.551 -3.959 Td [(This)-353(philosophy,)-380(indeed,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.812 0 Td [([502])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(was)-248(waning)-249(in)-248(force)-248(in)-248(the)-249(time)-248(of)-248(Augustus,)-249(and)-248(its)-248(forces)-248(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spent)-334(before)-334(the)-334(close)-334(of)-333(the)-334(first)-334(century.)-502(Yet)-334(the)-334(elder)-333(Pliny,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(who)-226(saw)-225(the)-226(reign)-225(of)-226(Vespasian,)-230(inveighs)-225(almost)-226(fiercely)-225(against)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-334(vanity)-334(or)-334(madness)-334(which)-334(dreams)-334(of)-334(a)-334(phantom)-334(life)-333(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-393(tomb,)-429(and)-394(robs)-393(of)-393(its)-393(great)-393(charm)-394(the)-393(last)-393(kindly)-393(boon)-393(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.99 3.959 Td [(2595)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.683 -3.959 Td [(Seneca)-327(on)-327(this,)-346(as)-327(on)-327(many)-327(other)-327(questions)-327(of)-327(high)]TJ -51.673 -13.549 Td [(moment,)-377(is)-351(not)-352(steady)-351(and)-352(consistent.)-554(In)-352(moments)-351(of)-351(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(exaltation)-243(he)-243(is)-243(filled)-243(with)-243(apocalyptic)-243(rapture)-243(at)-243(the)-243(vision)-243(of)-242(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eternal)-288(world.)-362(At)-288(other)-287(times)-288(he)-287(speaks)-288(with)-287(a)-288(cold)-287(resignation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-269(seems)-269(to)-269(have)-269(been)-269(the)-269(fashion)-269(with)-269(men)-269(of)-269(his)-269(class)-269(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time,)-352(at)-332(the)-332(possibility)-332(of)-332(extinction)-331(in)-332(death.)-496(To)-332(the)-331(toil-worn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirit,)-452(weary)-411(of)-412(the)-411(travail)-411(and)-412(disappointments)-411(of)-412(life,)-451(death)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(will)-300(be)-299(a)-300(quiet)-299(haven)-300(of)-300(rest.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.164 3.959 Td [(2596)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.789 -3.959 Td [(The)-300(old)-299(terrors)-300(of)-299(Charon)-300(and)]TJ -147.953 -13.549 Td [(Cerberus,)-410(of)-378(the)-378(awful)-377(Judge)-378(and)-378(the)-378(tortures)-378(of)-378(Tartarus,)-409(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-322(longer)-321(believed)-322(in)-322(even)-321(by)-322(children.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.263 3.959 Td [(2597)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.51 -3.959 Td [(And)-322(stripped)-321(of)-322(its)]TJ -196.773 -13.549 Td [(mythic)-302(horrors,)-314(death,)-315(being)-302(the)-302(loss)-301(of)-302(consciousness,)-315(must)-301(be)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.457 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.561 Td [(2594)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sall.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Catil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.424 0 Td [(c.)-250(51.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.554 -7.394 Td [(2595)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(H.)-250(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(vii.)-250(55,)-250(188.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.052 -7.395 Td [(2596)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Plut.)-250(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.58 0 Td [(Cons.)-250(ad)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.04 0 Td [(c.)-250(xii.)-250(xiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -117.315 -7.394 Td [(2597)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(c.)-250(xix.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2682 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2683 0 R /Resources 2681 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2685 0 R >> endobj 2684 0 obj << /D [2682 0 R /XYZ 295.59 339.79 null] >> endobj 2681 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2688 0 obj << /Length 5830 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(608)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-266(negation)-265(of)-266(pain)-266(and)-265(desire)-266(and)-266(fear.)-297(It)-265(is,)-270(in)-266(fact,)-269(a)-266(return)-265(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-205(nothingness)-206(from)-205(which)-205(we)-205(come,)-214(which)-206(has)-205(left)-205(no)-205(memory.)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(Non)-340(miser)-340(potest)-340(esse)-340(qui)-340(nullus)-340(est.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.381 3.959 Td [(2598)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.113 -3.959 Td [(The)-340(literary)-340(men)-340(and)]TJ -186.494 -13.549 Td [(men)-248(of)-248(the)-249(world)-248(in)-248(the)-248(age)-248(of)-248(the)-249(Flavians,)-248(like)-248(their)-248(successors)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ever)-335(since,)-356(probably)-335(occupied)-335(themselves)-335(little)-335(with)-335(a)-334(problem)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-372(long)-371(debated)-372(and)-371(so)-372(variously)-372(solved.)-614(Quintilian)-372(treats)-371(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(question)-362(of)-361(the)-362(existence)-362(of)-361(the)-362(disembodied)-362(spirit)-361(as)-362(an)-361(open)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-397(for)-396(dialectical)-397(debate.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 117.485 3.959 Td [(2599)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.96 -3.959 Td [(Tacitus,)-433(at)-397(once)-396(credulous)-397(and)]TJ -141.445 -13.549 Td [(sceptical,)-226(is)-220(no)-220(clearer)-220(on)-219(the)-220(subject)-220(of)-220(immortality)-220(than)-220(he)-220(is)-219(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-306(subject)-306(of)-306(miracles,)-320(or)-306(omens,)-320(or)-306(Providence.)-418(In)-306(his)-306(eulogy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-395(Agricola)-394(he)-395(expresses)-394(a)-395(faint,)-430(pious)-395(hope)-394(of)-395(eternal)-394(peace)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-376(his)-377(hero,)-407(if)-377(there)-376(is)-376(a)-377(place)-376(in)-376(some)-377(other)-376(world)-376(for)-376(pious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shades,)-245(and)-243(the)-243(sages)-244(are)-243(right)-243(in)-244(thinking)-243(that)-243(great)-244(souls)-243(do)-243(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perish)-223(with)-223(the)-223(body.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 91.235 3.958 Td [(2600)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.958 Td [(This)-223(is)-223(a)-223(very)-223(guarded)-223(and)-223(hypothetical)]TJ -110.303 -13.55 Td [(hope;)-238(and,)-236(probably,)-236(the)-233(only)-232(immortality)-233(for)-232(his)-233(friend)-232(in)-232(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus)-272(had)-273(much)-272(confidence)-273(was)-272(the)-272(undying)-273(fame)-272(with)-272(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-345(pen)-344(of)-345(genius)-345(can)-344(invest)-345(its)-345(subject.)-534(Tacitus,)-368(like)-345(so)-344(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-320(his)-321(class,)-338(had)-320(the)-320(old)-320(Roman)-321(distrust)-320(of)-320(philosophy,)-338(and)-320(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([503])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(philosophies)-306(of)-306(which)-306(men)-307(of)-306(his)-306(generation)-306(had)-306(a)-306(tincture)-306(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(no)-217(very)-217(confident)-217(or)-216(comforting)-217(message)-217(about)-217(the)-217(soul)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 240.705 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-217(eternal)]TJ -244.337 -13.549 Td [(destiny.)]TJ 11.955 -16.976 Td [(Hadrian,)-343(the)-324(most)-325(interesting)-324(of)-325(the)-324(emperors,)-343(was)-325(probably)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(a)-544(sceptic)-545(on)-544(this)-545(as)-544(on)-545(all)-544(kindred)-545(subjects.)-1133(The)-544(greatest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(practical)-305(genius)-305(in)-304(the)-305(imperial)-305(line)-305(had,)-318(in)-305(the)-305(field)-305(of)-304(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-302(speculation,)-315(an)-302(infinite)-302(passion)-302(for)-302(all)-302(that)-302(was)-302(curious)-302(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exotic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.389 3.959 Td [(2601)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.938 -3.959 Td [(Tramping)-187(at)-188(the)-187(head)-187(of)-187(his)-188(legions)-187(through)-187(his)-187(world-)]TJ -48.327 -13.549 Td [(wide)-240(domains,)-242(he)-240(relieved)-240(the)-240(tedium)-240(of)-240(practical)-240(administration)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-334(visiting)-334(the)-334(scenes)-333(of)-334(historic)-334(fame)-334(or)-334(the)-334(homes)-334(of)-333(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-200(both)-200(in)-200(the)-200(East)-201(and)-200(West.)-233(The)-200(East)-200(particularly)-200(attracted)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.249 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.352 Td [(2598)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(54,)-250(99,)-250(\247)-250(30;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.325 0 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.61 0 Td [(vi.)-250(\247)-250(6;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.401 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(25.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -192.516 -7.394 Td [(2599)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Quint.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.331 0 Td [(Inst.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.407 0 Td [(v.)-409(14,)-316(13,)-316(cum,)-316(soluta)-303(corpore)-303(anima)-303(an)-302(sit)-303(immortalis)-303(vel)-303(ad)]TJ -56.694 -10.959 Td [(tempus)-250(certe)-250(maneat,)-250(sit)-250(in)-250(dubio.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2600)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Agric.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.407 0 Td [(c.)-250(46;)-250(cf.)-250(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.509 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(318,)-250(n.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -143.927 -7.311 Td [(2601)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(13,)-250(\247)-250(3;)-250(14,)-250(\247)-250(3;)-250(17,)-250(\247)-250(9;)-250(cf.)-250(Gregorovius,)-250(p.)-250(303.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2687 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2688 0 R /Resources 2686 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2685 0 R >> endobj 2689 0 obj << /D [2687 0 R /XYZ 122.35 287.839 null] >> endobj 2686 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2692 0 obj << /Length 5878 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(609)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(him)-415(by)-414(its)-415(infinite)-415(fecundity)-415(of)-414(superstition.)-744(He)-415(came)-415(to)-414(see)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-377(there)-378(was)-377(anything)-378(in)-377(these)-377(revelations)-378(of)-377(the)-377(unseen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world;)-361(he)-323(went)-324(away)-324(to)-323(mock)-324(at)-324(them.)-471(His)-324(insatiable)-323(curiosity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-253(an)-253(endless)-253(variety)-253(of)-253(moods,)-253(and)-253(offered)-253(an)-253(open)-253(door)-253(to)-252(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-221(influences)-221(from)-221(many)-222(creeds.)-240(The)-221(restorer)-221(of)-221(ancient)-221(shrines,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-417(admirer)-418(of)-417(Epictetus,)-459(the)-417(dabbler)-418(in)-417(astrology,)-459(the)-417(votary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-339(Eleusis)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.305 3.959 Td [(2602)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.139 -3.959 Td [(and)-339(all)-339(the)-340(mysteries)-339(of)-339(the)-339(East,)-362(the)-339(munificent)]TJ -64.444 -13.549 Td [(patron)-265(of)-266(all)-265(professors)-265(of)-266(philosophy)-265(and)-265(the)-266(arts,)-269(the)-265(man)-265(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(delighted)-250(also)-250(to)-250(puzzle)-250(and)-250(ridicule)-250(them,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 185.124 3.958 Td [(2603)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.166 -3.958 Td [(had)-250(probably)-250(few)]TJ -204.29 -13.55 Td [(settled)-395(convictions)-395(of)-394(his)-395(own.)-685(His)-394(last)-395(words)-395(to)-395(his)-394(soul,)-431(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-251(mingled)-250(lightness)-251(and)-251(pathos,)-251(seem)-250(to)-251(express)-251(rather)-250(regret)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-324(the)-325(sunlight)-324(left)-325(behind)-324(than)-325(any)-324(hope)-325(in)-324(entering)-325(on)-324(a)-324(dim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(journey)-250(into)-250(the)-250(unknown.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(The)-237(Antonine)-237(age)-237(was)-237(for)-237(the)-237(masses)-237(an)-237(age)-237(of)-237(growing)-237(faith,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(and)-312(yet)-312(three)-311(or)-312(four)-312(of)-312(its)-311(greatest)-312(minds,)-327(men)-312(who)-312(had)-311(drunk)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deep)-399(of)-398(philosophy,)-436(or)-399(who)-399(had)-398(a)-399(rare)-399(spiritual)-399(vision,)-435(either)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(denied)-176(or)-176(doubted)-177(the)-176(last)-176(hope)-176(of)-177(humanity.)-225(Epictetus)-176(came)-176(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Phrygia)-252(as)-252(the)-252(slave)-252(of)-252(a)-252(freedman)-252(of)-252(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.517 3.959 Td [(2604)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.232 -3.959 Td [(Even)-252(in)-252(his)-252(days)]TJ -208.749 -13.549 Td [(of)-356(slavery,)-383(he)-356(had)-356(absorbed)-357(the)-356(teaching)-356(of)-356(Musonius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.269 3.959 Td [(2605)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.641 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(received)-238(his)-238(freedom,)-240(but)-238(lived)-238(in)-238(poverty)-238(and)-238(physical)-238(infirmity)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(till,)-206(in)-196(the)-195(persecution)-196(of)-195(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 148.048 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-195(reign)-196(he)-195(was,)-207(with)-195(the)-195(whole)]TJ -151.68 -13.549 Td [(tribe)-400(of)-401(philosophic)-400(preachers,)-438(driven)-400(from)-400(Rome,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 228.997 3.959 Td [(2606)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.215 -3.959 Td [(and)-400(he)]TJ -250.212 -13.549 Td [(settled)-251(at)-250(Nicopolis)-251(in)-251(Epirus,)-251(where)-250(Arrian)-251(heard)-251(his)-250(discourses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-307(the)-308(higher)-307(life.)-423(According)-307(to)-308(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 180.433 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-307(biographer,)-322(he)-308(lived)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.958 0 Td [([504])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(in)-341(the)-341(greatest)-341(intimacy)-341(with)-341(that)-341(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.081 3.958 Td [(2607)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.143 -3.958 Td [(He)-341(refers)-341(more)]TJ -213.224 -13.55 Td [(than)-252(once)-252(to)-252(the)-252(reign)-252(of)-253(Trajan,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 140.406 3.959 Td [(2608)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.194 -3.959 Td [(but)-252(it)-252(is)-252(hardly)-252(possible)-252(that)]TJ -159.6 -13.549 Td [(the)-373(tradition)-373(is)-373(true)-374(which)-373(carries)-373(his)-373(life)-373(into)-373(the)-373(reign)-373(of)-373(M.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aurelius,)-272(although)-267(the)-268(great)-267(philosophic)-268(emperor)-267(owed)-268(much)-267(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.565 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.752 Td [(2602)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(13,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.517 -7.31 Td [(2603)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(15,)-250(\247)-250(12;)-250(16,)-250(\247)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2604)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(660)-250(n.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.596 -7.394 Td [(2605)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iii.)-250(6,)-250(\247)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.311 Td [(2606)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(A.)-250(Gell.)-250(xv.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2607)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ael.)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.842 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.948 -7.311 Td [(2608)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iv.)-250(5,)-250(\247)-250(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2691 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2692 0 R /Resources 2690 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2685 0 R >> endobj 2693 0 obj << /D [2691 0 R /XYZ 130.823 206.544 null] >> endobj 2690 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2696 0 obj << /Length 8772 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(610)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(his)-250(teaching.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.146 3.959 Td [(2609)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -43.19 -18.462 Td [(Epictetus)-396(is)-396(an)-397(example)-396(of)-396(a)-396(profoundly)-396(religious)-397(mind,)-432(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(whom)-212(personal)-211(immortality)-212(is)-212(not)-211(a)-212(necessity)-212(of)-212(his)-211(religion.)-237(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-372(law)-372(of)-372(life)-371(is)-372(glad)-372(submission)-372(to)-372(the)-372(will)-371(of)-372(God,)-403(to)-371(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(universal)-242(order.)-248(Death,)-244(as)-242(an)-243(event)-242(which)-243(is)-242(bound)-243(to)-242(come)-242(soon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-314(late,)-330(should)-314(be)-315(regarded)-314(without)-314(fear.)-442(The)-314(tremors)-314(it)-314(excites)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-344(like)-344(the)-344(shuddering)-345(of)-344(children)-344(at)-344(a)-344(tragic)-344(mask)-344(of)-344(Gorgon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-310(Fury.)-429(Turn)-310(the)-309(mask,)-325(and)-310(the)-310(terror)-309(is)-310(gone.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.116 3.959 Td [(2610)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.12 -3.959 Td [(For)-310(what)-309(is)]TJ -230.236 -13.549 Td [(death?)-251(A)-251(separation)-250(of)-251(soul)-250(and)-251(body,)-251(a)-250(dissolution)-250(of)-251(our)-250(frame)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(into)-232(the)-231(kindred)-232(elements.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.72 3.959 Td [(2611)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.099 -3.959 Td [(The)-232(door)-231(is)-232(opened,)-235(God)-231(calls)-232(you)]TJ -131.819 -13.549 Td [(to)-259(come,)-262(and)-259(to)-260(no)-259(terrible)-259(future.)-278(Hades,)-262(Acheron,)-261(and)-259(Cocytus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-387(mere)-386(childish)-386(fancies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.946 3.959 Td [(2612)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.632 -3.959 Td [(You)-386(will)-387(pass)-386(into)-387(the)-386(wind)-387(or)]TJ -139.578 -13.549 Td [(earth)-301(or)-301(fire)-301(from)-301(which)-301(you)-301(come.)-403(You)-302(will)-301(not)-301(exist,)-313(but)-301(you)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-266(be)-267(something)-266(else)-266(of)-266(which)-267(the)-266(world)-266(now)-267(has)-266(need,)-270(just)-266(as)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(you)-306(came)-307(into)-306(your)-306(present)-307(existence)-306(when)-306(the)-307(world)-306(had)-306(need)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-354(you.)-563(God)-354(sent)-354(you)-355(here)-354(subject)-354(to)-354(death,)-381(to)-354(live)-354(on)-354(earth)-354(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-226(while)-226(in)-226(the)-226(flesh,)-231(to)-226(do)-226(His)-226(will)-226(and)-226(serve)-227(His)-226(purpose,)-230(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(join)-362(in)-361(the)-362(spectacle)-361(and)-362(festival.)-585(But)-361(the)-362(spectacle)-361(for)-362(you)-361(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ended;)-311(go)-291(hence)-290(whither)-291(He)-291(leads,)-300(with)-291(adoration)-291(and)-290(gratitude)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-268(all)-269(that)-268(you)-269(have)-268(seen)-269(and)-268(heard.)-306(Make)-268(room)-269(for)-268(others)-268(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-322(yet)-322(to)-321(be)-322(born)-322(in)-322(accordance)-322(with)-321(His)-322(will.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.1 3.959 Td [(2613)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.516 -3.959 Td [(Language)]TJ -237.616 -13.549 Td [(like)-378(this)-378(seems)-377(to)-378(give)-378(slight)-378(hope)-377(of)-378(any)-378(personal,)-409(conscious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-264(beyond)-264(the)-264(grave.)-293(Epictetus,)-268(like)-264(the)-264(pious)-264(Hebrew)-264(of)-264(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-354(the)-354(Psalms,)-380(seems)-354(to)-354(be)-354(satisfied)-354(with)-354(the)-354(present)-354(vision)-354(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(God,)-334(whether)-317(or)-318(not)-317(there)-317(be)-317(any)-318(fuller)-317(vision)-317(beyond)-317(the)-317(veil.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-238(he)-238(elsewhere)-238(uses)-238(almost)-239(Platonic)-238(language,)-240(which)-238(seems)-238(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imply)-307(that)-307(the)-307(soul)-307(has)-307(a)-307(separate)-307(life,)-321(that)-307(it)-307(is)-307(a)-307(prisoner)-307(for)-306(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.119 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.306 Td [(2609)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-208(Aurel.)-236(i.)-236(7,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 52.372 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.503 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)-208(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.098 0 Td [(\275\304\305\307\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.071 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-208(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.734 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.525 0 Td [(\030)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.124 0 Td [(\300\271\272\304\267\304\265\257\277\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.453 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\277\274\275\256\274\261\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.224 0 Td [(g)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-208(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.879 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\277\270\265\275)]TJ -258.806 -10.959 Td [(\274\265\304\255\264\311\272\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.131 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.87 -7.31 Td [(2610)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(ii.)-250(1,)-250(\247)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.311 Td [(2611)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(24,)-250(\247)-250(93;)-250(cf.)-250(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(iv.)-250(14,)-250(21,)-250(and)-250(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 176.081 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(330.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -228.121 -7.311 Td [(2612)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Epict.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iii.)-250(13,)-250(\247)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.31 Td [(2613)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.949 0 Td [(\247)-361(14,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.418 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\304\261\275)-361(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.643 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.005 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.026 0 Td [(\300\261\301\255\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.833 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.026 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\261\263\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.793 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.73 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)-361(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.412 0 Td [(\275\261\272\273\267\304\271\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.413 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-361(\303\267\274\261\257\275\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.983 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.73 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\270\315\301\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.362 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\277\271\276\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.341 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.132 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.438 0 Td [(\273\255\263\265\271)-201(\303\277\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.351 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.132 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.334 0 Td [(\301\307\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.655 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.044 0 Td [(\240\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.105 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.442 0 Td [(\225)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.447 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-201(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.926 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-201(\264\265\271\275\314\275\207)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.458 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\270\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.589 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\255\275\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.582 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.756 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\306\257\273\261)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.32 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\303\305\263\263\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.661 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.756 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\303\304\277\271\307\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.366 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2695 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2696 0 R /Resources 2694 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2685 0 R >> endobj 2694 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2699 0 obj << /Length 5559 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(611)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(time)-311(in)-311(the)-310(bonds)-311(of)-311(the)-310(flesh,)-326(and)-311(that)-311(it)-311(passes)-310(at)-311(death)-311(to)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kindred)-247(source)-247(from)-248(which)-247(it)-247(sprang.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.028 3.959 Td [(2614)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.155 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-247(even)-247(here)-248(t)1(he)-248(hope)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 110.841 0 Td [([505])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-407(an)-406(individual)-407(immortality,)-446(of)-407(any)-406(future)-407(reproduction)-407(on)-406(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(higher)-246(scale)-246(of)-246(the)-246(life)-246(on)-246(earth,)-247(need)-246(not)-246(be)-246(implied;)-247(it)-246(is)-246(indeed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(probably)-296(absent.)-387(It)-296(is)-296(enough)-296(for)-296(the)-296(profoundly)-296(religious)-295(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-231(Epictetus)-230(that)-231(God)-230(calls)-231(us;)-237(whither)-231(He)-230(calls)-231(us)-231(must)-230(be)-231(left)-230(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-250(will.)]TJ 11.956 -21.627 Td [(Galen)-461(the)-461(physician)-461(shows)-461(a)-461(similar)-461(detachment)-461(from)-460(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(ordinary)-220(hopes)-219(of)-220(humanity)-219(as)-220(to)-220(a)-219(future)-220(life,)-225(although)-220(it)-219(springs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-402(a)-402(very)-402(different)-402(environment)-402(and)-402(training)-402(from)-402(those)-402(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Epictetus.)-446(Born)-316(in)-315(the)-315(reign)-316(of)-315(Hadrian,)-332(and)-315(dying)-316(in)-315(the)-315(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-422(Septimius)-423(Severus,)-465(Galen)-422(represents)-423(the)-422(religious)-422(spirit)-422(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-450(Antonine)-450(age)-450(in)-450(his)-450(firm)-450(belief)-450(in)-450(a)-450(spiritual)-450(Power)-449(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Providence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.808 3.959 Td [(2615)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.111 -3.959 Td [(But)-432(in)-431(philosophy)-432(he)-432(was)-431(an)-432(eclectic)-432(of)-432(the)]TJ -76.919 -13.549 Td [(eclectics.)-714(His)-405(medical)-405(studies)-405(began)-404(at)-405(the)-405(age)-405(of)-404(seventeen.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-423(influence)-423(of)-423(the)-423(Platonist,)-466(Albinus)-423(of)-423(Smyrna,)-466(above)-423(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-424(stay)-423(at)-423(Alexandria,)-467(while)-424(they)-423(gave)-424(him)-423(a)-424(wide)-423(range)-423(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sympathy,)-280(account)-274(for)-275(the)-274(mingled)-274(and)-274(heterogeneous)-274(character)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-389(his)-389(philosophic)-389(creed,)-423(which)-389(contains)-389(elements)-389(from)-388(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system)-487(except)-488(that)-487(of)-487(Epicurus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147 3.959 Td [(2616)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.929 -3.959 Td [(The)-487(result)-487(is)-488(a)-487(curious)]TJ -173.929 -13.549 Td [(hesitation)-461(and)-461(equipoise)-461(between)-461(conflicting)-461(opinions)-461(on)-460(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greatest)-326(questions.)-480(He)-326(is)-326(particularly)-327(uncertain)-326(as)-327(to)-326(the)-326(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-361(the)-362(soul)-361(and)-362(its)-361(relation)-362(to)-361(the)-361(body.)-585(The)-361(Platonic)-361(doctrine)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-287(the)-287(soul)-286(is)-287(an)-287(immaterial)-287(essence,)-296(independent)-287(of)-286(corporeal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(support,)-379(seems)-354(to)-354(Galen)-353(very)-354(disputable.)-560(How)-354(can)-353(immaterial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(essences)-279(have)-278(any)-279(separate)-279(individuality?)-336(How)-278(can)-279(they)-278(diffuse)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-315(over)-315(a)-315(corporeal)-315(frame)-315(and)-315(alter)-315(and)-315(excite)-315(it,)-331(as)-315(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lunacy)-256(or)-255(drunkenness?)-267(And)-256(again,)-257(if)-256(the)-255(Peripatetic)-256(doctrine)-255(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(true,)-279(that)-273(the)-273(soul)-273(is)-274(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 106.12 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(form)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.207 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.823 0 Td [(of)-273(the)-273(body,)-279(we)-273(are)-274(soon)-273(landed)]TJ -139.994 -13.549 Td [(in)-248(the)-247(Stoic)-247(materialism)-248(from)-247(which)-248(Galen)-247(shrank.)-250(The)-247(soul)-247(will)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.086 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.274 Td [(2614)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(i.)-250(9,)-250(\247)-250(14,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.117 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\306\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.386 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\265\273\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.456 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\270\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.028 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\273\267\273\315\270\261\274\265\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 56.532 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -226.937 -7.394 Td [(2615)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(\334berweg,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.345 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.86 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(237.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -90.9 -7.311 Td [(2616)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(735.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2698 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2699 0 R /Resources 2697 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2685 0 R >> endobj 2700 0 obj << /D [2698 0 R /XYZ 167.226 504.626 null] >> endobj 2697 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2703 0 obj << /Length 5418 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(612)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(become,)-306(as)-295(in)-295(the)-295(well-known)-295(theory)-295(refuted)-296(in)-295(the)-295(Phaedo,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2617)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 9.271 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(temperament)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.956 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.271 0 Td [(of)-406(bodily)-406(states,)-444(and)-406(its)-406(superior)-406(endurance,)]TJ -80.342 -13.549 Td [(its)-352(immortality,)-377(will)-352(become)-351(a)-352(baseless)-352(dream.)-555(On)-352(these)-351(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(questions)-312(the)-311(cautious)-312(man)-312(of)-311(science)-312(will)-312(not)-311(venture)-312(to)-311(come)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-250(any)-250(dogmatic)-250(conclusion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.022 3.959 Td [(2618)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -111.066 -18.451 Td [(Galen)-425(came)-424(to)-425(Rome)-425(in)-425(the)-424(year)-425(164,)-468(at)-425(the)-425(beginning)-424(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-417(reign)-417(of)-417(M.)-417(Aurelius.)-752(He)-417(soon)-417(rose)-417(to)-417(great)-417(fame)-417(in)-417(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profession,)-519(and)-465(when,)-519(in)-465(168,)-518(he)-465(had)-465(returned)-465(to)-465(his)-465(native)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pergamum,)-444(he)-405(was)-405(recalled)-405(by)-406(the)-405(emperors)-405(to)-405(meet)-405(them)-405(at)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([506])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Aquileia.)-408(It)-302(was)-303(an)-302(anxious)-303(time.)-407(It)-303(was)-302(the)-303(second)-302(year)-303(of)-302(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(campaign)-410(against)-410(the)-410(Marcomanni,)-450(and)-410(the)-410(legions,)-450(returning)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-384(Verus)-383(from)-384(the)-384(East,)-417(had)-384(brought)-384(with)-383(them)-384(the)-384(taint)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-438(pestilence)-439(which)-438(spread)-438(a)-439(desolation)-438(throughout)-438(Italy)-438(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-413(it)-413(did)-413(not)-413(recover)-413(for)-413(ages.)-739(The)-413(slaves)-413(were)-413(called)-413(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arms)-409(as)-409(in)-409(the)-409(Punic)-409(invasion,)-449(along)-409(with)-410(the)-409(gladiators,)-448(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-270(the)-271(brigands)-270(of)-271(Dalmatia,)-275(and)-270(the)-271(massing)-270(of)-271(the)-270(forces)-270(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-351(Adriatic)-350(only)-351(concentrated)-350(the)-351(malignity)-350(of)-351(the)-351(plague.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2619)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Galen)-235(remained)-235(with)-235(the)-235(army)-235(for)-235(some)-235(time,)-238(lending)-235(his)-235(skill)-234(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mitigate)-265(the)-266(horrors)-265(of)-266(the)-265(disease.)-296(He)-266(returned)-265(to)-266(Rome)-265(in)-265(170,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-382(was)-383(left)-382(there)-383(in)-382(charge)-383(of)-382(the)-383(youthful)-382(Commodus.)-647(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-374(Emperor)-373(and)-374(his)-373(philosophic)-373(physician)-374(must)-373(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-246(met)-245(in)-246(those)-246(dreadful)-246(years.)-248(And)-246(we)-246(may)-245(be)-246(sure,)-247(from)-245(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(detachment)-305(of)-304(M.)-305(Aurelius,)-318(that)-305(their)-304(conversations)-305(would)-304(take)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-276(wider)-276(range)-277(than)-276(the)-276(sanitary)-276(arrangements)-276(of)-277(the)-276(camp.)-328(With)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death)-369(in)-369(the)-369(air,)-398(how)-369(could)-369(two)-369(such)-369(men,)-399(trained)-369(under)-368(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(masters,)-350(fail)-329(to)-330(question)-329(one)-330(another)-329(as)-330(to)-330(the)-329(sequel)-330(of)-329(death?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(At)-276(any)-276(rate)-276(the)-276(fact)-275(remains)-276(that)-276(M.)-276(Aurelius)-276(on)-276(this)-276(question)-275(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-250(submissive)-250(as)-250(Epictetus,)-250(as)-250(hesitating)-250(as)-250(Galen.)]TJ 11.956 -14.492 Td [(M.)-209(Aurelius)-209(is)-209(commonly)-209(spoken)-209(of)-209(as)-209(realising)-209(Plato)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 231.257 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-209(dream)]TJ -246.845 -13.55 Td [(of)-408(the)-408(philosopher)-407(on)-408(the)-408(throne.)-723(And)-408(yet)-408(the)-408(description)-407(is,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-241(some)-241(additions)-241(and)-241(explanations,)-243(somewhat)-240(misleading.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(2617)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(,)-250(86)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 15.691 0 Td [(B)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -63.26 -7.31 Td [(2618)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(740;)-250(\334berweg,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 111.317 0 Td [(Hist.)-250(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.86 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(237.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -164.872 -7.311 Td [(2619)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Jul.)-250(Capit.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.86 0 Td [(M.)-250(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.89 0 Td [(c.)-250(13;)-250(c.)-250(21;)-250(cf.)-250(Merivale,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 92.631 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.349 0 Td [(viii.)-250(pp.)-250(335-6.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2702 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2703 0 R /Resources 2701 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2685 0 R >> endobj 2704 0 obj << /D [2702 0 R /XYZ 93.543 408.838 null] >> endobj 2701 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2707 0 obj << /Length 7703 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(613)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Philosopher,)-264(in)-261(the)-261(large)-261(speculative)-261(sense,)-264(he)-261(certainly)-261(is)-261(not)-261(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-220(Meditations.)-239(For)-220(the)-220(infinite)-219(curiosity)-220(of)-219(intellect,)-226(the)-219(passion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-218(pierce)-217(the)-218(veil)-217(of)-218(the)-217(unknown,)-224(to)-217(build)-218(a)-217(great)-218(cosmic)-217(system,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-217(seems)-218(to)-217(have)-218(had)-217(but)-218(little)-217(sympathy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 177.503 3.958 Td [(2620)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.047 -3.958 Td [(His)-217(is)-218(the)-217(crowning)]TJ -196.55 -13.55 Td [(instance)-461(of)-461(philosophy)-461(leaving)-461(the)-461(heights)-461(and)-461(concentrating)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself)-355(on)-356(conduct,)-381(which)-355(becomes)-356(not)-355(merely)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.478 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(three-fourths)-355(of)]TJ -211.322 -13.549 Td [(life,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 17.269 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.911 0 Td [(but)-464(the)-465(whole,)-518(and)-465(his)-464(philosophy)-465(is)-464(really)-464(a)-465(religion.)]TJ -27.18 -13.549 Td [(It)-385(is)-385(a)-384(religion)-385(because)-385(it)-385(is)-385(founded)-384(on)-385(the)-385(great)-385(principle)-384(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unquestioning,)-221(uncomplaining)-214(submission)-213(to)-214(the)-213(will)-214(of)-214(God,)-220(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(law)-302(of)-302(the)-302(whole)-302(universe.)-405(It)-302(is)-302(a)-302(religion)-302(because)-302(the)-301(repellent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-184(rigorous)-185(teaching)-184(of)-184(the)-185(older)-184(Stoicism)-185(is,)-197(as)-184(it)-185(is)-184(in)-184(Epictetus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suffused)-201(with)-201(a)-201(glow)-201(of)-201(emotion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.557 3.959 Td [(2621)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.988 -3.959 Td [(And)-201(yet)-201(this)-201(religion,)-211(which)]TJ -160.545 -13.549 Td [(makes)-323(such)-322(immense)-323(demands)-323(on)-323(human)-322(nature,)-341(cuts)-323(itself)-322(off)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([507])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(from)-250(any)-250(support)-250(in)-250(the)-250(hope)-250(of)-250(a)-250(future)-250(life.)]TJ 11.956 -19.274 Td [(On)-220(the)-219(subject)-220(of)-219(immortality,)-226(indeed,)-225(M.)-220(Aurelius)-219(sometimes)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(seems)-460(to)-461(waver.)-881(He)-460(puts)-460(the)-461(question)-460(hypothetically,)-513(or)-460(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suggests)-462(immortality)-463(as)-462(an)-462(alternative)-463(to)-462(extinction)-462(at)-462(death.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(If)-341(thou)-341(goest)-342(indeed)-341(to)-341(another)-341(life,)-364(there)-342(is)-341(no)-341(want)-341(of)-341(gods,)]TJ -4.844 -13.55 Td [(not)-408(even)-407(there.)-722(But)-408(if)-407(to)-408(a)-407(state)-408(without)-407(sensation,)-447(thou)-407(wilt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cease)-489(to)-488(be)-489(held)-489(by)-489(pains)-488(and)-489(pleasures,)-549(and)-488(to)-489(be)-489(a)-488(slave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-419(the)-420(vessel.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.359 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2622)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.014 -3.959 Td [(In)-419(one)-420(doubtful)-419(passage)-420(he)-419(speaks)-420(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 176.239 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(time)-330(when)-329(the)-330(soul)-330(shall)-329(fall)-330(out)-329(of)-330(this)-330(envelop,)-349(like)-330(the)-329(child)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-430(the)-431(womb.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.928 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.958 Td [(2623)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.133 -3.958 Td [(He)-430(does)-431(not)-430(dogmatise)-430(on)-431(a)-430(subject)-430(so)]TJ -99.905 -13.55 Td [(dark.)-627(But)-375(his)-376(favourite)-375(conception)-376(of)-375(death)-376(is)-375(that)-376(of)-375(change,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-310(transformation,)-325(of)-310(dissolution)-310(into)-310(the)-310(original)-310(elements.)-429(An)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Infinite)-446(Spirit,)-494(of)-445(which)-446(the)-445(individual)-446(soul)-445(is)-446(an)-445(emanation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pervades)-253(the)-254(universe,)-254(and)-254(at)-253(death)-254(the)-253(finite)-254(spirit)-253(is)-253(reabsorbed)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 142.999 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.187 Td [(2620)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(vii.)-250(67;)-250(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(677.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2621)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Arnold,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.339 0 Td [(Essays)-250(in)-250(Criticism)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.247 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(427.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.281 -7.311 Td [(2622)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-162(Aurel.)-221(iii.)-220(3,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 56.333 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.088 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-162(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.984 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.998 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\261\271\303\270\267\303\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.36 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.851 0 Td [(\300\261\315\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.256 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.239 0 Td [(\300\314\275\311\275)-162(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.282 0 Td [(v)-162(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.876 0 Td [(\264\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.306 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.997 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\265\307\314\274\265\275\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.403 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.388 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.276 0 Td [(\273\261\304\301\265\315\311\275)-294(\304\277\303\277\315\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 64.831 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.917 0 Td [(\307\265\257\301\277\275\271)-294(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.188 0 Td [(\367)-294(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.624 0 Td [(\263\263\265\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.92 0 Td [(\363)-294(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 16.345 0 Td [(\300\265\301\257\265\303\304\271)-294(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.444 0 Td [(x)-294(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.651 0 Td [(\300\267\301\265\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.877 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(:)-339(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -249.445 -10.958 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.392 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(pp.)-250(327-28.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -28.132 -7.311 Td [(2623)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(ix.)-630(3,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 25.252 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.166 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275\264\255\307\265\303\270\261\271)-377(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.067 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.923 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\301\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.917 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.923 0 Td [(\223)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.165 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.843 0 Td [(\310\305\307\254\301\271\314\275)-377(\303\277\305)-376(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 63.833 0 Td [(\346)-377(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.689 0 Td [(\273\315\304\301\277\305)]TJ -254.196 -10.959 Td [(\304\277\315\304\277\305)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.975 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\300\265\303\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.106 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.199 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2706 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2707 0 R /Resources 2705 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2709 0 R >> endobj 2708 0 obj << /D [2706 0 R /XYZ 46.771 355.585 null] >> endobj 2705 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2712 0 obj << /Length 7164 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(614)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(by)-284(the)-284(Infinite.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.281 3.959 Td [(2624)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.28 -3.959 Td [(With)-284(this)-284(is)-284(coupled)-284(the)-284(doctrine)-284(of)-284(the)-284(dark)]TJ -85.561 -13.549 Td [(Ephesian)-319(philosophy,)-337(which)-320(through)-319(Platonism)-320(had)-319(a)-319(profound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-206(on)-206(later)-206(thought.)-235(Life)-206(is)-206(but)-206(a)-206(moment)-206(of)-205(consciousness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-377(the)-378(unresting)-377(flow)-378(of)-377(infinite)-377(mutation;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.548 3.958 Td [(2625)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.25 -3.958 Td [(it)-377(is)-378(a)-377(dream,)-409(a)]TJ -210.798 -13.55 Td [(mere)-405(vapour,)-443(the)-405(sojourn)-405(of)-404(a)-405(passing)-405(stranger.)-714(And)-405(the)-404(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thought)-319(of)-319(Aurelius)-319(probably)-318(was)-319(that)-319(there)-319(was)-319(no)-319(place)-319(for)-318(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hope)-208(of)-208(separate)-208(conscious)-207(existence)-208(after)-208(the)-208(last)-208(mortal)-207(change.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Soul)-428(and)-429(body)-428(alike)-429(are)-428(swept)-429(along)-428(the)-429(stream)-428(of)-428(perpetual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(transformation,)-248(and)-248(this)-247(particular)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.088 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(ego,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.48 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.544 0 Td [(with)-248(all)-247(its)-248(dreams)-247(and)]TJ -181.955 -13.55 Td [(memories,)-250(will)-250(never)-250(re-emerge)-250(in)-250(a)-250(separate)-250(personality.)]TJ 11.956 -18.191 Td [(M.)-429(Aurelius,)-475(from)-429(the)-430(frequency)-429(with)-430(which)-429(he)-430(returns)-429(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-305(subject,)-318(seems)-304(fully)-305(conscious)-304(of)-305(the)-304(instinctive)-305(passion)-304(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(continued)-410(life.)-731(But)-410(he)-410(refuses)-410(to)-411(recognise)-410(it)-410(as)-410(original)-410(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legitimate,)-225(and)-220(therefore)-219(demanding)-219(some)-219(account)-220(to)-219(be)-219(given)-219(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 8.793 3.959 Td [(2626)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.093 -3.959 Td [(Still)-230(less)-230(would)-230(he)-230(ever)-230(dream)-230(of)-229(erecting)-230(it,)-234(as)-230(Cicero)-230(and)]TJ -27.886 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)-308(did,)-323(into)-307(a)-308(powerful)-308(argument)-308(for)-308(some)-308(corresponding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(satisfaction)-345(in)-346(another)-345(world.)-536(It)-345(is)-345(simply)-346(one)-345(of)-345(the)-345(irrational)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([508])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(appetites,)-299(a)-288(form)-289(of)-289(rebellion)-289(against)-288(the)-289(universal)-289(order,)-298(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-269(be)-269(crushed)-269(and)-269(brought)-269(into)-269(submission)-269(to)-269(inexorable)-268(law.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Neither)-355(do)-355(we)-354(find)-355(in)-355(M.)-355(Aurelius)-355(any)-354(feeling)-355(of)-355(the)-355(need)-354(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-374(rectification)-374(of)-374(the)-375(injustices)-374(of)-374(time,)-405(for)-374(any)-374(sphere)-374(for)-374(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(completion)-251(of)-251(ineffectual)-251(lives,)-251(where)-251(the)-251(crooked)-251(may)-251(be)-250(made)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(straight)-372(and)-371(the)-372(perverted)-371(be)-372(restored.)-614(He)-372(has,)-402(apparently,)-401(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sympathy)-370(with)-370(the)-369(sadness)-370(so)-370(often)-369(felt)-370(by)-370(the)-370(noblest)-369(minds,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-336(having)-336(to)-336(go)-336(hence)-336(with)-336(so)-336(little)-336(done,)-357(so)-336(little)-336(known.)-508(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosopher)-182(seems)-182(to)-183(have)-182(no)-182(wish)-182(to)-183(explore)-182(in)-182(some)-182(coming)-182(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-305(secrets)-305(of)-304(the)-305(universe,)-318(to)-305(prolong)-305(under)-305(happier)-304(conditions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-276(endless)-276(quest)-275(of)-276(the)-276(ideal)-276(in)-275(art)-276(and)-276(knowledge)-276(and)-275(thought,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 131.963 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.151 Td [(2624)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(xii.)-250(30-32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(2625)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(vi.)-373(42,)-301(47;)-311(ix.)-373(29,)-301(32;)-312(vi.)-372(15;)-312(vii.)-373(19;)-311(vi.)-373(36,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 164.022 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)-291(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.01 0 Td [(x)-291(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.84 0 Td [(\275\265\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.453 0 Td [(|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-291(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.587 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.155 0 Td [(\307\301\314\275\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.666 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\303\304\271\263\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.87 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.32 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(0\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.913 0 Td [(\275\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.669 0 Td [(:)-250(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.629 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(147.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -129.058 -7.31 Td [(2626)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-297(Aurel.)-393(vi.)-392(49,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 65.771 0 Td [(\274\256\304\271)-297(\264\305\303\307\265\301\261\257\275\265\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 68.931 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\304\271)-297(\304\277\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.765 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275\264\255)-297(\304\271\275\311\275)-298(\273\271\304\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.313 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-297(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.979 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.303 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.303 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\304\301\271\261\272\277\303\257\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.268 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.56 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311)-311(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.218 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.558 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)-311(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.893 0 Td [(\304\271)-311(\274\255\307\301\271)-312(\304\277\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.561 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.399 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-311(\262\271\311\304\255\277\275)-312(\303\277\271)-311(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 63.599 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.428 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.337 0 Td [(\274\255\307\301\271)]TJ -260.752 -10.959 Td [(\300\273\265\257\277\275\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.988 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2711 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2712 0 R /Resources 2710 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2709 0 R >> endobj 2713 0 obj << /D [2711 0 R /XYZ 304.229 296.745 null] >> endobj 2710 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2716 0 obj << /Length 6444 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(615)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-299(seems)-298(so)-299(cruelly)-299(baffled)-298(by)-299(the)-299(shortness)-298(of)-299(the)-299(life)-298(here)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(below.)-661(The)-387(affectionate)-387(father)-387(and)-387(husband)-387(and)-387(friend)-387(seems)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-410(have)-410(no)-411(dream)-410(of)-410(any)-410(reunion)-410(with)-411(kindred)-410(souls.)-730(Above)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all,)-383(this)-356(intensely)-356(religious)-356(and)-356(devout)-355(spirit)-356(seems)-356(to)-356(have)-356(no)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conception,)-408(such)-377(as)-377(sometimes)-377(flashes)-376(on)-377(the)-377(mind)-377(of)-376(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-323(of)-323(Plutarch,)-341(of)-323(a)-323(future)-323(beatitude)-323(in)-323(the)-323(full)-323(vision)-323(of)-323(God.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This)-382(austere)-383(renunciation,)-415(if)-383(it)-382(was)-382(deliberate,)-416(of)-382(feelings)-382(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hopes)-335(so)-336(dear)-335(to)-335(humanity,)-357(excites)-335(a)-335(certain)-336(admiration,)-356(as)-335(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(result)-302(of)-302(a)-301(stern)-302(self-discipline.)-406(It)-301(is)-302(the)-302(resignation)-302(of)-302(what)-301(are)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(thought)-302(to)-302(be)-302(mere)-302(fond,)-315(self-flattering)-302(fancies)-302(in)-302(the)-302(cold)-302(light)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-286(truth,)-295(and,)-295(as)-287(such,)-295(it)-286(must)-286(ever)-286(command)-286(a)-286(reverent)-286(respect.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-288(how)-287(completely)-288(the)-288(renunciation)-288(cuts)-287(off)-288(M.)-288(Aurelius)-287(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-231(spiritual)-231(movement)-230(of)-231(his)-231(time,)-234(from)-231(the)-231(great)-231(onward)-230(sweep)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(humanity)-250(to)-250(a)-250(spiritual)-250(reconstruction!)]TJ 11.956 -14.966 Td [(The)-679(attitude)-680(of)-679(M.)-679(Aurelius)-680(to)-679(the)-679(instinctive)-679(longing)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(for)-574(immortality)-575(is)-574(partly)-575(dictated)-574(by)-574(logical)-575(loyalty)-574(to)-574(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fundamental)-341(principles)-341(of)-340(his)-341(theory)-341(of)-341(life,)-363(partly)-341(by)-340(personal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temperament)-652(and)-652(sad)-653(experience.)-1456(The)-652(cosmic)-652(theory)-652(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Heraclitus,)-223(the)-216(infinite)-216(flux)-216(of)-216(cyclic)-216(change,)-223(left)-216(litt)1(le)-216(ground)-216(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faith)-256(in)-255(the)-256(permanence)-256(of)-255(consciousness.)-267(The)-256(Stoic)-256(principle)-255(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(submission)-306(to)-306(the)-306(law)-306(of)-306(the)-306(whole)-306(made)-306(it)-306(a)-306(duty)-306(to)-305(acquiesce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(calmly,)-426(or)-391(even)-391(cheerfully,)-427(in)-390(what)-391(has)-391(been)-391(ordained)-391(for)-391(us.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-277(whole)-277(duty,)-283(the)-277(sole)-277(blessedness)-277(of)-277(man,)-284(lie)-277(in)-277(bringing)-276(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-334(into)-335(conformity)-334(with)-335(the)-334(Eternal)-334(Reason,)-356(and)-334(in)-334(moulding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-329(brief)-329(mundane)-329(life)-328(into)-329(a)-329(slight)-329(counterpart)-329(of)-329(the)-329(order)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-267(mighty)-268(world.)-302(From)-267(one)-267(point)-268(of)-267(view)-267(the)-268(single)-267(human)-267(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-345(infinitely)-345(small,)-369(a)-344(mere)-345(point)-345(in)-345(infinite)-345(age,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.96 3.959 Td [(2627)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.46 -3.959 Td [(agitated)-345(by)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.604 0 Td [([509])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(hopes)-290(and)-290(fears)-289(which)-290(are)-290(mere)-289(flitting)-290(dreams)-290(of)-290(a)-289(momentary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consciousness.)-642(Nay,)-414(the)-381(grandest)-380(features)-381(of)-381(its)-381(earthly)-380(home)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shrink)-336(to)-336(mean)-336(proportions)-336(before)-336(the)-336(eye)-336(of)-336(reason.)-508(Asia)-336(is)-336(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mere)-219(corner,)-225(the)-219(sea)-219(a)-219(drop,)-225(Athos)-219(a)-219(tiny)-219(clod)-219(in)-219(the)-219(universe.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2628)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.03 Td [(2627)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-380(Aurel.)-640(ix.)-639(32,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 71.873 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\307\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.611 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\302)-380(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.358 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.173 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.872 0 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.002 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.872 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-380(\263\265\275\255\303\265\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.792 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-380(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.344 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.043 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.871 0 Td [(\274\265\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.455 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.114 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\264\271\254\273\305\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.628 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\274\277\257\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.11 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\265\271\301\277\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -95.066 -7.311 Td [(2628)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.324 0 Td [(vi.)-375(36,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.492 0 Td [(!)-375(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.146 0 Td [(\303\257\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.63 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.949 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.147 0 Td [(\225)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.447 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\301\316\300\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.067 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.949 0 Td [(\263\311\275\257\261\271)-292(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.996 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.16 0 Td [(\272\314\303\274\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.782 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.084 0 Td [(\221\270\311\302)-292(\262\311\273\254\301\271\277\275)-291(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 69.409 0 Td [(\346)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2715 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2716 0 R /Resources 2714 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2709 0 R >> endobj 2717 0 obj << /D [2715 0 R /XYZ 166.142 164.479 null] >> endobj 2714 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2720 0 obj << /Length 6092 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(616)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Life)-246(is)-245(so)-245(little)-246(a)-245(thing)-246(that)-245(death)-246(is)-245(no)-246(evil.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 186.477 3.959 Td [(2629)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.15 -3.959 Td [(Yet,)-246(looked)-246(at)-245(on)]TJ -205.627 -13.549 Td [(another)-179(side,)-192(the)-179(daemon,)-193(the)-178(divine)-179(spark)-178(within)-179(each)-178(of)-179(us,)-192(may,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-384(its)-383(irresistible)-384(power,)-416(create)-384(a)-383(moral)-384(whole)-383(in)-384(each)-383(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-298(which,)-311(during)-298(its)-298(short)-298(space)-298(of)-299(separate)-298(being,)-310(may)-298(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-217(rounded)-217(harmony)-217(and)-217(perfectness)-217(of)-217(the)-217(whole)-217(vast)-216(order)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 263.656 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(it)]TJ -274.565 -13.549 Td [(may)-454(become)-454(a)-454(perfect)-453(miniature)-454(of)-454(the)-454(universe)-454(of)-454(God.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2630)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(This)-273(consummate)-273(result,)-278(attainable,)-279(though)-272(so)-273(rarely)-273(attained,)-278(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-315(ideal)-314(which)-315(alone)-314(gives)-314(dignity)-315(to)-314(human)-315(life.)-443(The)-315(ideal)-314(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(humanity)-184(lies)-183(not)-184(in)-183(any)-184(future)-184(life)-183(or)-184(coming)-184(age;)-205(it)-184(may)-184(be,)-196(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-248(will)-248(properly)-247(aroused)-248(to)-248(its)-248(divine)-248(strength,)-248(realised)-248(here)-247(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(now)-308(in)-307(our)-307(short)-308(span)-307(of)-308(forty)-307(years)-308(of)-307(maturity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.915 3.959 Td [(2631)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.047 -3.959 Td [(Get)-307(rid)-308(of)]TJ -236.962 -13.549 Td [(gross)-232(fears)-231(and)-232(hopes,)-235(aim)-232(only)-232(at)-231(the)-232(moral)-232(ends)-231(which)-232(the)-231(will,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aided)-330(by)-330(the)-330(daemon)-330(within,)-350(can)-330(surely)-330(reach,)-350(dismiss)-330(the)-330(fear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-270(censure)-270(from)-270(the)-270(ephemeral)-270(crowd)-270(around)-270(us,)-275(the)-270(craving)-269(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fame)-295(among)-295(ephemeral)-296(generations)-295(whom)-295(we)-295(shall)-295(not)-296(see,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2632)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(let)-270(the)-270(divine)-270(impulse)-270(within)-270(us)-270(gravitate)-270(to)-270(its)-270(proper)-270(orbit,)-275(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-329(poor)-328(human)-329(life)-329(is)-328(swept)-329(into)-329(the)-328(eternal)-329(movement)-329(of)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-437(whole,)-484(and,)-484(from)-436(a)-437(moment)-437(of)-437(troubled)-437(consciousness,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(becomes)-416(a)-416(true)-416(life)-416(in)-416(God.)-749(Such)-416(a)-416(life,)-457(having)-416(fulfilled)-416(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(true)-290(law)-290(of)-291(its)-290(being,)-300(is)-290(in)-290(itself)-291(rounded)-290(and)-290(complete:)-330(it)-290(needs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-401(dreams)-401(of)-401(future)-400(beatitude)-401(to)-401(rectify)-401(its)-401(failures)-401(or)-400(reward)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-350(eager)-350(effort.)-551(Death)-350(to)-350(such)-350(a)-350(soul)-350(becomes)-350(an)-350(unimportant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(incident,)-289(fixed,)-289(like)-281(all)-281(other)-281(changes,)-289(in)-281(the)-281(general)-281(order.)-343(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-207(length)-208(or)-207(shortness)-208(of)-207(life)-208(is)-207(not)-208(worth)-207(reckoning.)-236(The)-207(longest)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life)-322(is)-322(hardly)-322(a)-322(moment)-322(in)-322(eternity:)-394(the)-322(shortest)-322(is)-322(long)-322(enough)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-291(it)-291(be)-290(lived)-291(well.)-372(This)-291(life,)-301(as)-291(fixed)-290(by)-291(eternal)-291(law,)-301(is)-291(a)-290(whole,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-372(thing)-373(by)-372(itself,)-403(a)-373(thing)-372(with)-372(innumerable)-373(counterparts)-372(in)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infinite)-275(past,)-281(destined)-275(to)-275(be)-275(endlessly)-275(reproduced)-275(in)-275(the)-275(years)-275(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 131.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F26 8.9664 Tf 93.543 121.579 Td [(\272\314\303\274\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.168 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.907 -7.31 Td [(2629)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2630)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(x.)-250(33;)-250(v.)-250(11;)-250(v.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2631)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xi.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2632)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.004 0 Td [(vi.)-268(16;)-258(vi.)-268(2;)-259(vi.)-267(51;)-259(vii.)-268(21,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 99.331 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-256(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.786 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.841 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.187 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.082 0 Td [(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.768 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.931 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\311\275)-256(\273\256\270\267)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.02 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\263\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-256(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.247 0 Td [(r)]TJ -276.864 -10.959 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\311\275)-250(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.657 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\303\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.751 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\273\256\270\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.784 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2719 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2720 0 R /Resources 2718 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2709 0 R >> endobj 2718 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2723 0 obj << /Length 5414 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(617)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-396(limitless)-395(future.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.721 3.959 Td [(2633)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.929 -3.959 Td [(To)-396(repine)-395(at)-396(its)-395(shortness)-396(is)-395(no)-396(more)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.374 0 Td [([510])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(rational)-297(than)-296(to)-296(mourn)-297(the)-296(swift)-297(passing)-296(of)-297(a)-296(springtime,)-308(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(glorious)-207(promise,)-216(yet)-207(ever-withering)-207(charm,)-216(have)-207(come)-207(and)-207(gone)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(self-same)-250(way)-250(through)-250(myriads)-250(of)-250(forgotten)-250(years.)]TJ 11.956 -14.862 Td [(This)-385(is)-386(the)-385(ideal)-386(view)-385(of)-386(an)-385(austere)-385(creed,)-420(with)-385(a)-385(grandeur)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-430(its)-430(own)-430(which)-430(all)-430(generations)-430(of)-430(the)-430(West)-430(have)-430(agreed)-429(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(venerate.)-547(But)-349(the)-349(temperament)-349(and)-349(the)-349(history)-349(of)-349(M.)-349(Aurelius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-272(also)-273(their)-272(share)-272(in)-272(shaping)-273(his)-272(views)-272(of)-272(life)-272(and)-273(death.)-316(With)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infinite)-393(charity,)-429(indulgence,)-429(and)-393(even)-393(love)-393(for)-393(his)-394(fellows,)-428(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-331(a)-331(pessimist)-331(about)-331(human)-331(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.678 3.959 Td [(2634)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.816 -3.959 Td [(He)-331(had)-331(good)-331(excuse)-331(for)]TJ -173.494 -13.549 Td [(being)-273(so.)-318(In)-272(the)-273(words)-272(of)-273(one)-273(who)-272(knew)-273(that)-273(age)-272(as)-273(only)-272(genius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(combined)-224(with)-224(learning)-225(can,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 125.879 0 Td [(le)-224(monde)-224(s)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 46.095 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(attristait)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.592 0 Td [(;)-233(and)-224(with)-224(good)]TJ -213.199 -13.549 Td [(cause.)-317(The)-273(horizon)-272(was)-272(darkened)-273(with)-272(ominous)-272(thunder-clouds.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-328(internal)-328(forces)-329(of)-328(the)-328(Empire)-328(were)-328(becoming)-328(paralysed)-328(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-426(mysterious)-425(weakness.)-777(The)-426(dim)-426(hordes)-425(beyond)-426(the)-425(Danube)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-334(descended)-334(with)-334(a)-335(force)-334(only)-334(to)-334(be)-334(repelled)-334(in)-334(many)-334(weary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(campaigns.)-290(Famine)-263(and)-263(pestilence)-263(were)-263(inflicting)-263(worse)-263(horrors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-273(the)-273(Marcomanni.)-320(It)-273(was)-273(the)-273(beginning)-273(of)-273(the)-274(end,)-278(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-408(end)-409(was)-408(long)-408(deferred.)-726(The)-408(world)-408(was)-409(growing)-408(sad;)-487(but)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(there)-377(was)-377(no)-376(sadder)-377(man)-377(than)-377(the)-376(saintly)-377(Stoic)-377(on)-377(the)-376(throne,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-468(had)-468(not)-468(only)-468(to)-468(face)-467(the)-468(Germans)-468(on)-468(the)-468(Danube,)-522(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bear)-315(the)-315(anxieties)-315(of)-314(solitary)-315(power,)-331(but)-315(who)-315(had)-315(to)-315(endure)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(keener)-414(anguish)-414(of)-414(a)-414(soul)-414(which)-414(saw)-414(the)-414(spiritual)-414(possibilities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-396(human)-395(nature,)-432(but)-395(also)-396(all)-395(its)-396(littleness)-395(and)-396(baseness.)-686(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Emperor)-181(needed)-182(all)-181(the)-182(lessons)-181(of)-182(self-discipline)-181(and)-181(close-lipped)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resignation)-251(which)-250(he)-251(had)-251(painfully)-251(learnt)-250(for)-251(himself,)-251(and)-250(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-424(has)-425(taught)-424(to)-424(so)-424(many)-425(generations.)-773(There)-424(have)-424(been)-424(few)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nobler)-232(souls,)-235(yet)-231(few)-232(more)-232(hopeless.)-244(Like)-231(the)-232(arch)-231(mocker)-232(of)-231(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time,)-326(although)-311(from)-311(a)-311(very)-311(different)-311(point)-311(of)-311(view,)-326(he)-311(sees)-310(this)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ephemeral)-264(life,)-267(with)-264(its)-263(transient)-264(pleasures)-264(and)-263(triumphs,)-267(ending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-275(dust)-275(and)-276(oblivion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.53 3.959 Td [(2635)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.991 -3.959 Td [(And)-275(its)-275(fragility)-276(is)-275(only)-275(matched)-275(by)-275(its)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.086 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.274 Td [(2633)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xi.)-250(1;)-250(vii.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2634)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(vi.)-250(46,)-250(47;)-250(vii.)-250(3;)-250(ix.)-250(30.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(2635)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.807 0 Td [(vi.)-245(47;)-239(cf.)-244(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.794 0 Td [(Icaromenippus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.789 0 Td [(,)-237(c.)-245(18;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.388 0 Td [(Traj.)-245(sive)-233(Tyr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.716 0 Td [(c.)-245(8;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.537 0 Td [(Charon)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.401 0 Td [(,)-237(c.)-245(17;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2722 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2723 0 R /Resources 2721 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2709 0 R >> endobj 2724 0 obj << /D [2722 0 R /XYZ 218.625 518.175 null] >> endobj 2721 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2727 0 obj << /Length 8213 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(618)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(weary)-304(sameness)-304(from)-304(age)-304(to)-304(age.)-412(The)-304(wintry)-304(torrent)-304(of)-303(endless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mutation)-270(sweeps)-270(all)-270(round)-270(in)-270(an)-270(eternal)-270(vortex.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 206.35 3.959 Td [(2636)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.821 -3.959 Td [(This)-270(restless)]TJ -226.171 -13.549 Td [(change)-467(is)-467(a)-467(movement)-467(of)-467(cyclic)-467(monotony.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.756 3.959 Td [(2637)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.269 -3.959 Td [(Go)-467(back)-467(to)]TJ -228.025 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian)-262(or)-262(Trajan:)-274(you)-262(will)-262(find)-262(the)-262(same)-262(recurring)-261(spectacle,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([511])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(men)-226(plotting)-227(and)-226(fighting,)-231(marrying)-226(and)-226(dying.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.948 3.959 Td [(2638)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.079 -3.959 Td [(The)-226(daughter)]TJ -223.027 -13.549 Td [(who)-242(watches)-241(by)-242(her)-242(mother)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 120.217 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-242(death-bed)-241(soon)-242(passes)-242(away)-242(under)]TJ -123.849 -13.549 Td [(other)-408(eyes.)-723(The)-408(soul)-408(can)-407(in)-408(vision)-408(travel)-408(far,)-447(and)-408(survey)-407(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infinity)-299(of)-298(ages.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 69.843 3.959 Td [(2639)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.757 -3.959 Td [(It)-299(can)-298(stretch)-299(forward)-299(into)-298(the)-299(endless)-298(ages)]TJ -90.6 -13.549 Td [(to)-359(come,)-386(as)-359(it)-359(can)-359(go)-359(back)-359(in)-359(historic)-359(imagination)-359(through)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(limitless)-427(past.)-782(Yet)-427(it)-427(finds)-427(nothing)-427(strange)-427(in)-427(the)-427(experience)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-380(the)-380(past,)-412(as)-380(there)-380(will)-379(be)-380(nothing)-380(new)-380(in)-380(the)-380(experience)-379(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-290(remotest)-290(posterity.)-370(The)-290(man)-290(whose)-290(course)-290(has)-290(run)-290(for)-289(forty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years,)-228(if)-222(he)-222(has)-222(any)-222(powers)-222(of)-222(perception,)-227(has)-222(concentrated)-222(in)-222(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brief)-288(span)-287(the)-288(image)-287(of)-288(all)-287(that)-288(has)-287(been,)-297(all)-287(that)-288(ever)-287(will)-288(be)-287(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(human)-264(thought)-265(or)-264(fate.)-293(The)-264(future)-265(is)-264(not)-264(gilded)-264(by)-265(any)-264(dream)-264(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(progress:)-334(it)-292(is)-292(not)-291(to)-292(be)-292(imaged)-292(in)-292(any)-292(magic)-292(light)-292(of)-292(a)-291(Platonic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Utopia,)-264(or)-260(City)-261(of)-261(God)-261(descending)-260(from)-261(heaven)-261(like)-261(a)-261(bride.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2640)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(From)-314(this)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.246 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(terrene)-314(filth,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.617 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.265 0 Td [(from)-314(these)-313(poor)-314(frivolous)-313(souls,)-330(what)]TJ -113.972 -13.549 Td [(celestial)-349(commonwealth)-349(could)-349(ever)-348(emerge?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.2 3.959 Td [(2641)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.401 -3.959 Td [(The)-349(moral)-349(is,)]TJ -220.601 -13.549 Td [(both)-260(on)-260(the)-260(ground)-260(of)-260(high)-260(philosophy)-260(and)-260(sad)-259(experience)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 254.579 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(be)]TJ -270.332 -13.55 Td [(content,)-406(thou)-375(hast)-375(made)-374(thy)-375(voyage,)-406(thou)-375(hast)-375(come)-375(to)-374(shore,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quit)-250(the)-250(ship.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.673 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -44.718 -16.687 Td [(But)-312(even)-313(in)-312(heathendom,)-328(long)-312(before)-313(M.)-312(Aurelius)-312(was)-313(born,)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(the)-339(drift)-340(of)-339(thought)-339(towards)-340(the)-339(goal)-339(of)-340(a)-339(personal)-339(immortality)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-417(strong)-417(and)-418(intense.)-751(And)-418(this)-417(was)-417(only)-417(one)-417(consequence)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 176.121 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F23 8.9664 Tf 93.543 165.736 Td [(Menip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.393 0 Td [(c.)-250(15,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.913 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.228 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\274\277\271\261)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.739 0 Td [(p)-250(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.414 0 Td [(\303\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.141 0 Td [(\266)-250(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.737 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\264\267\273\261)-250(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.046 0 Td [(v)-250(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.585 0 Td [(\275\265\300\257\263\301\261\306\261)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.749 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -238.062 -7.31 Td [(2636)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-552(Aurel.)-1158(vii.)-1157(19,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 87.127 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.661 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-552(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.464 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.499 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\273\311\275)-552(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.976 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\257\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.287 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.195 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-552(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.54 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.661 0 Td [(\307\265\271\274\254\301\301\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.883 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.389 -10.959 Td [(\264\271\265\272\300\277\301\265\315\265\304\261\271)-407(\300\254\275\304\261)-408(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 85.705 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.359 0 Td [(\303\316\274\261\304\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.666 0 Td [(.)-722(Cf.)-721(ix.)-722(29,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 57.292 0 Td [(\307\265\271\274\254\301\301\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 45.192 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.439 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-407(\300\254\275\304\311\275)]TJ -243.785 -10.959 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\257\261\207)-250(\300\254\275\304\261)-250(\306\255\301\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.442 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.525 -7.311 Td [(2637)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(49;)-250(vii.)-250(1;)-250(ix.)-250(14;)-250(x.)-250(23;)-250(xi.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2638)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(iv.)-250(32.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2639)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xi.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2640)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.112 0 Td [(ix.)-973(29,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 34.091 0 Td [(\274\267\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.916 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.168 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-491(\240\273\254\304\311\275\277\302)-491(\300\277\273\271\304\265\257\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 91.695 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\273\300\271\266\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.184 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.388 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\272\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.324 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.948 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.038 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.165 -10.959 Td [(\262\301\261\307\315\304\261\304\277\275)-250(\300\301\314\265\271\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 72.825 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -75.564 -7.311 Td [(2641)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(vii.)-250(47;)-250(ix.)-250(34.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2726 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2727 0 R /Resources 2725 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2709 0 R >> endobj 2728 0 obj << /D [2726 0 R /XYZ 153.182 477.528 null] >> endobj 2725 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2731 0 obj << /Length 4920 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(619)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-331(a)-330(movement)-331(which)-331(had)-330(profoundly)-331(affected)-331(human)-330(thought,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-356(had)-356(compelled)-357(Stoicism)-356(to)-356(recast)-356(itself,)-383(as)-356(in)-356(the)-356(teaching)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-383(Seneca.)-647(Pure)-383(reason)-382(could)-383(not)-382(explain)-383(the)-382(relation)-383(of)-382(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-288(the)-289(universe,)-297(it)-289(could)-288(not)-288(satisfy)-289(the)-288(deepest)-288(human)-288(instincts.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-514(maxim,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.921 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(live)-514(according)-513(to)-514(Nature,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.084 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.446 0 Td [(was)-514(interpreted)-513(by)]TJ -194.294 -13.549 Td [(the)-460(Stoic)-460(to)-461(mean)-460(a)-460(life)-460(in)-461(accordance)-460(with)-460(our)-460(own)-460(higher)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature,)-481(the)-435(Divine)-434(element)-435(within)-435(us.)-804(Yet)-435(this)-434(interpretation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-251(brought)-251(out)-251(the)-251(irreconcilable)-251(discordance)-251(between)-251(the)-250(two)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conceptions)-251(of)-250(Nature)-251(in)-251(the)-250(physical)-251(universe)-251(and)-250(in)-251(the)-250(human)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spirit.)-354(There)-285(are)-285(depths)-284(and)-285(mysteries)-285(in)-285(the)-284(one)-285(which)-285(have)-284(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(answering)-380(correspondence)-381(in)-380(the)-381(other.)-641(Something)-380(more)-380(than)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reason)-383(is)-384(needed)-383(to)-383(solve)-384(the)-383(problems)-383(of)-384(human)-383(destiny,)-416(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysterious)-362(range)-361(of)-362(human)-362(aspiration.)-585(Nature,)-389(as)-362(a)-362(system)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cold)-271(impersonal)-271(processes,)-276(has)-271(no)-271(sympathy)-271(with)-271(man,)-276(she)-271(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-299(icily)-299(indifferent)-299(or)-300(actively)-299(hostile.)-397(To)-299(conform)-299(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 243.199 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-299(life)-299(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.193 0 Td [([512])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-365(supposed)-365(dictates)-364(of)-365(an)-365(abstract)-365(Reason,)-393(asserting)-365(itself)-364(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-174(laws,)-188(which)-174(seem)-173(often)-174(to)-173(make)-174(a)-173(mockery)-174(of)-173(the)-173(noblest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effort)-238(and)-238(aspiration)-238(of)-238(man,)-240(demanded)-238(a)-238(servility)-238(of)-238(submission)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-380(human)-380(nature,)-412(and)-379(called)-380(upon)-380(it)-380(to)-379(disown)-380(a)-380(large)-380(part)-379(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-343(native)-344(powers)-343(and)-343(instincts.)-530(Man,)-367(a)-343(mere)-344(ghost)-343(of)-343(himself,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attenuated)-351(to)-351(a)-351(bloodless)-351(shade,)-376(finds)-351(himself)-351(in)-351(presence)-351(of)-350(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-212(cold,)-220(relentless,)-220(unmoral,)-220(according)-213(to)-212(human)-213(standards,)-219(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-248(which)-247(makes)-248(holocausts)-247(of)-247(individual)-248(lives)-247(to)-248(serve)-247(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abstract)-377(and)-377(visionary)-376(ideal)-377(of)-377(the)-377(whole.)-630(The)-377(older)-376(Stoicism)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(provided)-350(no)-350(object)-350(of)-350(worship.)-550(For)-350(worship)-350(cannot)-350(be)-350(paid)-349(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-311(impersonal)-311(law)-311(without)-311(moral)-311(attributes.)-433(You)-311(may)-311(in)-311(abject)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quietism)-234(submit)-234(to)-235(it,)-237(but)-234(you)-234(cannot)-235(revere)-234(or)-234(adore)-234(it.)-245(It)-234(is)-234(little)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wonder)-275(that)-275(the)-275(Stoic)-275(sage,)-281(who)-275(could)-275(triumph)-275(over)-275(all)-274(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obstructions)-234(by)-235(moral)-234(enthusiasm,)-237(was)-235(sometimes)-234(exalted)-234(above)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-320(Zeus)-320(who)-320(represented)-321(mere)-320(passionless)-320(physical)-320(law.)-460(Such)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(an)-298(idea)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 31.722 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(for)-298(it)-298(cannot)-298(be)-297(called)-298(a)-298(Being)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.619 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(has)-298(no)-298(moral)-298(import,)]TJ -188.159 -13.549 Td [(it)-357(supplies)-356(no)-357(example,)-384(succour,)-383(or)-357(inspiration.)-570(The)-357(sage)-356(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-400(a)-399(moment)-400(have)-400(a)-400(superhuman)-399(triumph,)-437(in)-400(his)-400(defiance)-399(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(temptations)-271(or)-272(calamities)-271(with)-272(which)-271(Nature)-272(has)-271(surrounded)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2730 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2731 0 R /Resources 2729 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2733 0 R >> endobj 2732 0 obj << /D [2730 0 R /XYZ 301.109 328.486 null] >> endobj 2729 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2736 0 obj << /Length 5343 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(620)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(him,)-328(but)-312(it)-312(is)-312(a)-312(lonely)-312(triumph)-312(of)-312(inhuman)-312(pride.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.875 3.959 Td [(2642)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.197 -3.959 Td [(It)-312(may)-312(be)]TJ -238.072 -13.549 Td [(the)-286(divine)-287(element)-286(within)-287(him)-286(which)-287(has)-286(given)-287(him)-286(the)-286(victory,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-228(this)-228(is)-228(conceived)-228(as)-228(the)-228(mere)-228(effluence)-228(of)-228(that)-228(subtle)-227(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-263(which)-264(moves)-263(under)-263(all)-263(the)-264(phenomena)-263(of)-263(physical)-263(Nature.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(In)-279(surrendering)-278(yourself)-279(to)-278(the)-278(impulse)-279(of)-278(such)-279(a)-278(power)-279(you)-278(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(merely)-291(putting)-290(yourself)-291(in)-290(line)-291(with)-291(the)-290(other)-291(irrational)-290(subjects)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-238(impersonal)-238(law.)-246(There)-237(is)-238(here,)-240(it)-238(need)-238(not)-238(be)-237(said,)-241(no)-237(stimulus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-362(moral)-361(life,)-389(there)-362(is)-361(the)-362(absolute)-361(negation)-362(of)-361(it.)-585(The)-361(affinity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-291(the)-291(human)-291(soul)-291(with)-291(the)-291(soul)-291(of)-291(the)-291(world)-291(is)-291(a)-291(mere)-290(physical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(doctrine,)-246(however)-245(refined)-245(and)-244(subtle)-245(be)-245(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 191.081 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(fiery)-245(breath)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.529 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.514 0 Td [(which)]TJ -253.968 -13.549 Td [(is)-253(the)-252(common)-253(element)-253(of)-252(both.)-258(But)-253(prolonged)-252(ethical)-253(study)-252(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(analysis)-299(combined)-299(with)-299(the)-299(infiltration)-299(of)-299(Platonism)-299(by)-299(degrees)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-259(modify)-259(profoundly)-259(the)-258(Stoic)-259(conception)-259(of)-259(the)-259(nature)-259(of)-258(God,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-284(of)-284(the)-285(relation)-284(of)-284(man)-284(to)-284(Him.)-353(God)-284(tended)-284(to)-284(become)-284(more)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-275(more)-276(a)-275(person,)-282(a)-275(moral)-275(power,)-282(a)-275(father.)-326(And)-275(the)-275(indwelling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-488(became)-488(the)-488(voice)-488(of)-488(conscience,)-547(consoling,)-547(prompting,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supporting,)-432(inspiring)-395(an)-395(ideal)-395(of)-396(fuller)-395(communion)-395(in)-395(another)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sphere.)-392(Was)-297(the)-298(longing)-297(for)-297(continued)-298(life,)-309(in)-297(communion)-297(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kindred)-272(souls,)-278(with)-272(a)-272(Divine)-272(Spirit,)-278(which)-272(has)-272(made)-272(us)-272(what)-272(we)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([513])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(are,)-250(to)-250(be)-250(relegated)-250(to)-250(the)-250(limbo)-250(of)-250(anthropomorphic)-250(dreams?)]TJ 11.956 -14.897 Td [(Seneca,)-498(as)-448(we)-448(have)-448(seen)-448(in)-448(a)-448(former)-448(chapter,)-497(still)-448(retains)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(some)-297(of)-298(the)-297(hard)-297(orthodoxy)-298(of)-297(the)-297(older)-298(Stoicism.)-392(In)-297(his)-297(letters)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-378(Lucilius)-379(he)-378(occasionally)-378(uses)-378(the)-378(language)-379(of)-378(the)-378(old)-378(Stoic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(materialism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.24 3.959 Td [(2643)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.128 -3.959 Td [(But)-371(there)-371(can)-371(be)-371(little)-371(doubt)-371(that)-371(Seneca)-371(had)]TJ -77.368 -13.549 Td [(assimilated)-362(other)-361(conceptions)-362(antagonistic)-361(to)-362(it.)-585(God)-361(becomes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-343(a)-344(Person,)-366(distinct)-343(from)-344(the)-343(world,)-367(which)-343(He)-343(has)-343(created,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-363(He)-364(governs,)-391(which)-364(He)-363(directs)-363(to)-364(moral)-363(ends.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 233.795 3.959 Td [(2644)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.875 -3.959 Td [(He)-363(is)]TJ -256.67 -13.549 Td [(not)-381(merely)-380(the)-381(highest)-381(reason,)-413(He)-381(is)-380(also)-381(the)-381(perfect)-380(wisdom,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(holiness,)-358(and)-336(love.)-509(He)-336(is)-337(no)-336(longer)-336(a)-336(mere)-337(blind)-336(force)-336(or)-336(fate;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-337(is)-338(the)-337(loving,)-360(watchful)-337(Father,)-359(and)-338(good)-337(men)-338(are)-337(His)-337(sons.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-406(apparent)-407(calamities)-406(which)-407(they)-406(have)-407(to)-406(suffer)-407(are)-406(only)-406(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(2642)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(109,)-250(\247)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.31 Td [(2643)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(57,)-250(\247)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.311 Td [(2644)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(73,)-250(\247)-250(16;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(83.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2735 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2736 0 R /Resources 2734 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2733 0 R >> endobj 2737 0 obj << /D [2735 0 R /XYZ 158.025 274.29 null] >> endobj 2734 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2740 0 obj << /Length 7738 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(621)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(necessary)-289(discipline,)-299(for,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 112.671 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(whom)-289(He)-289(loves)-289(He)-289(tries)-288(and)-289(hardens)]TJ -117.514 -13.549 Td [(by)-234(chastisement.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.55 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2645)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.995 -3.959 Td [(God)-234(can)-235(never)-234(really)-235(injure,)-237(for)-234(His)-235(nature)]TJ -96.389 -13.549 Td [(is)-304(love,)-318(and)-305(we)-304(are)-304(continually)-305(loaded)-304(with)-304(His)-305(benefits.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 250.599 3.959 Td [(2646)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.944 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(his)-356(view)-357(of)-356(the)-356(constitution)-356(of)-357(man,)-383(Seneca)-356(has)-356(deviated)-356(even)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(further)-259(from)-260(the)-259(creed)-259(of)-259(his)-260(school.)-277(He)-260(appears)-259(indeed)-259(to)-259(assert)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-325(that)-325(the)-325(soul)-325(is)-325(material,)-344(but)-325(it)-325(is)-325(matter)-325(so)-325(fine)-325(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subtle)-327(as)-326(to)-327(be)-327(indistinguishable)-327(from)-326(what)-327(we)-327(call)-326(spirit.)-480(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-223(ethical)-223(studies)-222(of)-223(Seneca)-223(compelled)-222(him)-223(to)-223(abandon)-223(the)-222(Stoic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrine)-260(of)-261(the)-260(simple)-261(unity)-260(of)-260(the)-261(soul)-260(for)-261(the)-260(Platonic)-260(dualism,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-253(the)-252(opposition)-253(of)-253(reason)-253(and)-252(animal)-253(impulse.)-258(The)-253(latter)-252(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-383(seat)-384(in)-383(the)-383(body,)-417(or)-383(the)-383(flesh,)-417(as)-383(he)-384(often)-383(calls)-383(it.)-650(And)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-364(fl)1(esh)-364(he)-363(speaks)-364(with)-363(all)-364(the)-363(contempt)-364(of)-363(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 220.228 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.328 0 Td [(.)-590(It)-364(is)]TJ -253.556 -13.549 Td [(a)-323(mere)-323(shell,)-342(a)-323(fetter,)-342(a)-323(prison;)-360(or)-323(a)-323(humble)-323(hostelry)-323(which)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(soul)-259(occupies)-258(only)-259(for)-258(a)-259(brief)-258(space.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 157.79 3.958 Td [(2647)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.444 -3.958 Td [(With)-258(the)-259(flesh)-258(the)-259(spirit)]TJ -177.234 -13.55 Td [(must)-340(wage)-340(perpetual)-341(war,)-362(as)-341(the)-340(alien)-340(power)-340(which)-340(cramps)-340(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(native)-300(energies,)-313(darkens)-300(its)-301(vision,)-312(and)-301(perverts)-300(its)-300(judgment)-300(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-354(truth.)-562(The)-355(true)-354(life)-354(of)-354(the)-354(spirit)-354(will,)-380(as)-354(in)-354(the)-354(theology)-354(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plato,)-250(only)-250(begin)-250(when)-250(the)-250(unequal)-250(partnership)-250(is)-250(dissolved.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 262.407 3.959 Td [(2648)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -250.451 -18.322 Td [(The)-387(orthodox)-388(Stoic)-387(doctrine)-388(allowed)-387(a)-388(limited)-387(immortality,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(till)-437(the)-437(next)-438(great)-437(cosmic)-437(conflagration.)-812(But)-437(it)-437(was)-437(doubtful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-435(even)-435(this)-435(continued)-435(existence)-435(was)-435(real)-435(personal)-435(life,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-344(with)-344(some)-344(Stoic)-343(doctors)-344(it)-344(was)-344(a)-344(privilege)-344(confined)-344(to)-343(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(greater)-212(souls.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.758 3.958 Td [(2649)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.029 -3.958 Td [(Like)-212(nearly)-213(all)-212(philosophers)-213(of)-212(this)-213(age,)-220(Seneca)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 214.237 0 Td [([514])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(occasionally)-178(seems)-179(to)-178(admit)-178(the)-178(possibility)-178(of)-179(a)-178(return)-178(to)-178(antenatal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nothingness)-267(at)-268(death.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.489 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Non)-267(potest)-268(miser)-267(esse)-268(qui)-267(nullus)-268(est)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.5 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.761 0 Td [(is)-267(a)]TJ -265.593 -13.549 Td [(consolation)-235(often)-236(administered)-235(even)-235(by)-235(those)-236(who)-235(have)-235(the)-235(hope)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-313(something)-312(better)-312(than)-313(the)-312(peace)-313(of)-312(annihilation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.13 3.959 Td [(2650)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.21 -3.959 Td [(It)-312(was)-313(a)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.447 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.551 Td [(2645)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(De)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.61 0 Td [(iv.)-250(\247)-250(7,)-250(quos)-250(amat)-250(indurat,)-250(exercet.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.257 -7.311 Td [(2646)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(De)-250(Ben.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.122 0 Td [(iv.)-250(4;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.677 0 Td [(De)-250(Ira)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -102.099 -7.311 Td [(2647)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.605 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.669 0 Td [(65,)-281(\247)-275(22;)-288(102,)-281(\247)-275(26;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 73.915 0 Td [(Ad)-275(Helv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.063 0 Td [(11,)-281(\247)-275(7;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.233 0 Td [(Ad)-275(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.556 0 Td [(24,)-281(\247)-275(5.)-325(Cf.)-325(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -219.996 -10.959 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(83)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 11.208 0 Td [(C,)-250(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.526 0 Td [(.)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.87 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(vi.)-250(11;)-250(vii.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -140.065 -7.31 Td [(2648)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(79)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 11.208 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(;)-250(81)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.935 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.089 -7.311 Td [(2649)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.006 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1,)-250(p.)-250(185.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.596 -7.394 Td [(2650)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.912 0 Td [(Ad)-243(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.982 0 Td [(c.)-248(19,)-244(20;)-245(cf.)-248(Plut.)-248(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.019 0 Td [(Consol.)-248(ad)-243(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 64.869 0 Td [(c.)-248(15,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.842 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-243(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.693 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-243(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.432 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.789 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-250(\304\254\276\271\275)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.167 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\304\265\273\265\305\304\256\303\261\275\304\265\302)-250(\272\261\270\257\303\304\261\275\304\261\271)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 107.453 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.002 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\263\265\275\255\303\265\311\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.224 0 Td [(:)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.184 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(c.)-250(34.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2739 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2740 0 R /Resources 2738 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2733 0 R >> endobj 2741 0 obj << /D [2739 0 R /XYZ 46.771 219.279 null] >> endobj 2742 0 obj << /D [2739 0 R /XYZ 165.916 121.502 null] >> endobj 2738 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2745 0 obj << /Length 6143 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(622)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(consolation)-283(which)-283(might)-282(be)-283(a)-283(very)-283(real)-283(one)-282(to)-283(men)-283(living)-283(in)-282(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reign)-251(of)-250(Nero.)-251(Taken)-251(at)-250(the)-251(worst,)-251(death)-250(can)-250(only)-251(be)-250(dissolution,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-186(the)-186(rivers)-186(of)-186(fire)-186(and)-186(the)-186(tortures)-186(of)-186(Tartarus)-186(are)-186(mere)-186(figments)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-242(poetic)-241(fancy.)-247(The)-242(mind)-242(trained)-241(in)-242(submission)-241(to)-242(universal)-241(law)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(will)-306(not)-306(shrink)-306(from)-307(a)-306(fate)-306(which)-306(awaits)-306(the)-306(universe)-306(by)-306(fire)-306(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cataclysmal)-346(change.)-537(Its)-345(future)-346(fate)-345(can)-346(only)-346(be)-345(either)-346(to)-345(dwell)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(calmly)-210(for)-209(ever)-209(among)-210(kindred)-209(souls,)-218(or)-210(to)-209(be)-209(reabsorbed)-210(into)-209(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(general)-304(whole.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.81 3.959 Td [(2651)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.93 -3.959 Td [(But)-304(in)-304(moments)-304(of)-304(spiritual)-304(exaltation,)-317(such)]TJ -85.74 -13.549 Td [(an)-245(alternative)-246(does)-245(not)-246(satisfy)-245(Seneca.)-248(He)-246(has)-245(got)-246(far)-245(beyond)-245(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(grim)-225(submission,)-229(or)-225(graceful)-224(contempt,)-230(of)-224(aristocratic)-225(suicide,)-229(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-276(the)-276(faith)-277(in)-276(a)-276(bounded)-276(immortality.)-329(He)-276(has)-276(a)-276(hope)-276(at)-276(times)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apparently)-312(more)-312(clear)-312(than)-311(any)-312(felt)-312(by)-312(the)-312(Platonic)-312(Socrates)-311(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-348(last)-348(evening)-348(in)-347(prison.)-544(Death)-348(is)-348(no)-348(longer)-347(a)-348(sleep,)-373(a)-347(blank)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(peace)-299(following)-299(the)-299(futile)-299(agitations)-299(of)-299(life:)-348(it)-299(is)-299(the)-299(gateway)-299(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(eternal)-316(peace.)-448(The)-316(brief)-316(sojourn)-316(in)-316(the)-316(body)-316(is)-316(the)-316(prelude)-316(to)-316(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(longer)-231(and)-231(nobler)-230(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.321 3.959 Td [(2652)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.096 -3.959 Td [(The)-231(hour,)-234(at)-231(which)-231(you)-231(shudder)-231(as)-231(the)]TJ -115.417 -13.549 Td [(last,)-364(is)-340(really)-341(the)-341(birthday)-341(of)-341(eternity,)-363(when)-341(the)-341(mind,)-363(bursting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-271(its)-272(fetters,)-276(will)-272(expatiate)-271(in)-271(all)-272(the)-271(joy)-271(of)-272(its)-271(freedom)-271(in)-271(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(light,)-246(and)-246(have)-245(unrolled)-246(before)-245(it)-246(all)-245(the)-246(secrets)-245(and)-246(splendour)-245(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(starry)-264(worlds,)-268(without)-264(a)-264(haunting)-265(shadow.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.131 3.959 Td [(2653)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.631 -3.959 Td [(Nay,)-268(the)-264(vision)-264(is)]TJ -203.762 -13.549 Td [(moralised)-348(almost)-347(in)-348(Christian)-347(fashion.)-543(The)-347(thought)-348(of)-347(eternity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compels)-248(us)-248(to)-249(think)-248(of)-248(God)-248(as)-248(witness)-248(of)-249(every)-248(act,)-248(to)-248(remember)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.131 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(decisive)-254(hour)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.512 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.611 0 Td [(when,)-254(with)-254(all)-254(veils)-253(and)-254(disguises)-254(removed,)]TJ -90.097 -13.549 Td [(the)-256(verdict)-257(on)-256(our)-257(life)-256(will)-256(be)-257(pronounced.)-269(It)-256(also)-257(gives)-256(the)-256(hope)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-339(purging)-338(away)-339(for)-339(ever)-338(the)-339(taint)-338(of)-339(the)-339(flesh)-338(and)-339(entering)-338(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(communion)-330(with)-331(the)-330(spirits)-331(of)-330(the)-331(blessed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 190.413 3.959 Td [(2654)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.797 -3.959 Td [(Thus)-330(as)-331(though)]TJ -212.21 -13.549 Td [(with)-359(the)-359(Eternal)-359(eyes)-359(upon)-359(him,)-386(a)-359(man)-359(should)-359(shrink)-359(from)-359(all)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([515])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(baser)-335(and)-335(meaner)-334(side)-335(of)-335(his)-335(corporeal)-335(life,)-356(and)-335(so)-334(prepare)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.334 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.438 Td [(2651)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(36;)-250(71,)-250(\247)-250(12;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 47.576 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.107 0 Td [(19,)-250(\247)-250(4.)-250(Cf.)-250(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.485 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(328.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -226.633 -7.395 Td [(2652)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(102,)-250(\247)-250(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.072 -7.394 Td [(2653)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.759 0 Td [(120,)-189(\247)-173(14;)-199(102,)-189(\247)-174(28,)-188(aliquando)-174(naturae)-173(tibi)-174(arcana)-173(retegentur:)-212(discutietur)]TJ -25.715 -10.959 Td [(ista)-255(caligo)-256(...)-266(nulla)-255(serenum)-256(umbra)-255(turbabit,)-257(cf.)-266(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 198.139 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.392 0 Td [(,)-257(ii.)-266(p.)-266(328,)-257(n.)-266(4.)]TJ -223.531 -10.959 Td [(Rohde,)-325(like)-310(Zeller,)-324(seems)-310(to)-310(me)-310(not)-310(to)-310(recognise)-310(sufficiently)-309(how)-310(far)-310(Seneca)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(has)-250(departed)-250(from)-250(the)-250(old)-250(Stoicism.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(2654)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(26,)-250(\247)-250(5;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.108 0 Td [(xxv.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2744 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2745 0 R /Resources 2743 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2733 0 R >> endobj 2746 0 obj << /D [2744 0 R /XYZ 93.543 165.896 null] >> endobj 2743 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2749 0 obj << /Length 5839 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(623)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(himself)-222(for)-223(the)-222(great)-223(ordeal,)-228(and)-222(the)-222(beatitude)-223(of)-222(the)-223(life)-222(to)-222(come.)]TJ 11.956 -15.972 Td [(In)-396(the)-396(apocalypse)-396(of)-396(Seneca)-396(a)-396(new)-396(note)-396(is)-396(struck)-396(in)-396(pagan)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(meditation)-463(on)-462(the)-463(immortality.)-888(We)-462(have)-463(left)-462(far)-463(behind)-462(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(thought)-311(of)-310(the)-311(Manes)-310(haunting)-311(the)-311(ancestral)-310(tomb,)-326(and)-310(soothed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-269(returning)-269(years)-269(by)-269(the)-269(jet)-269(of)-269(wine)-269(or)-269(the)-269(bunch)-269(of)-269(violets.)-306(We)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-239(no)-239(longer)-239(watching,)-241(with)-239(Pindar)-239(or)-239(Virgil,)-241(the)-239(spirits)-238(basking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-224(Elysian)-224(meads)-224(and)-224(fanned)-224(by)-224(ocean)-224(breezes.)-241(We)-224(are)-224(far)-224(on)-224(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(way)-321(to)-320(the)-321(City)-321(of)-320(God,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 110.572 0 Td [(cujus)-321(fundamenta)-320(in)-321(montibus)-321(sanctis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 167.331 0 Td [(.)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(And)-362(indeed)-362(Seneca)-362(has)-362(probably)-362(travelled)-362(as)-362(far)-362(towards)-362(it)-361(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-321(one)-321(born)-321(in)-321(heathendom)-321(ever)-321(did.)-463(It)-321(is)-321(not)-321(wonderful)-320(that,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-346(t)1(he)-346(fierce)-345(religious)-346(struggle)-345(of)-346(the)-345(fourth)-346(century,)-369(his)-345(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enthusiasm,)-476(his)-431(view)-430(of)-431(this)-431(life)-430(as)-431(a)-430(probation)-431(for)-431(the)-430(next,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-340(glowing)-341(vision)-340(of)-341(an)-340(almost)-341(Christian)-340(heaven,)-363(should)-340(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suggested)-250(an)-250(imaginary)-250(intercourse)-250(with)-250(St)-250(Paul.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.011 3.959 Td [(2655)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -201.055 -19.93 Td [(What)-364(were)-364(the)-363(influences)-364(which)-364(really)-364(moulded)-364(his)-363(highest)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(conception)-438(of)-439(the)-438(future)-438(state,)-486(how)-438(much)-438(was)-439(due)-438(to)-438(a)-438(pure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-543(vigorous)-543(spiritual)-543(intuition,)-617(how)-543(much)-543(to)-543(Platonic)-543(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pythagorean)-213(sources,)-221(we)-214(cannot)-213(pretend)-213(to)-214(say.)-238(In)-213(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 249.208 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-213(most)]TJ -252.84 -13.549 Td [(enraptured)-240(previsions)-241(of)-240(immortality,)-242(the)-241(very)-240(exuberance)-240(of)-240(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rhetoric)-319(seems)-318(to)-319(be)-319(the)-319(expression)-318(of)-319(intense)-319(personal)-318(feeling.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(But)-353(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.51 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-353(was)-353(a)-353(very)-353(open)-353(and)-353(sensitive)-353(mind.)-559(One)-353(of)-353(his)]TJ -54.143 -13.549 Td [(teachers)-387(was)-388(Sotion,)-421(who,)-422(like)-387(his)-387(master)-388(Sextius,)-421(was)-387(called)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-292(Pythagorean,)-303(and)-292(who,)-302(on)-292(true)-292(Pythagorean)-292(principles,)-302(taught)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Seneca)-359(to)-359(abstain)-358(from)-359(animal)-359(food.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 163.484 3.959 Td [(2656)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.726 -3.959 Td [(We)-359(may)-359(be)-358(sure)-359(that)]TJ -186.21 -13.549 Td [(no)-384(Pythagorean)-384(teacher)-384(of)-384(that)-384(age)-384(would)-384(fail)-384(to)-384(discuss)-383(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-375(pupil)-376(the)-375(problem)-376(of)-375(the)-375(future)-376(life.)-626(It)-375(is)-376(true)-375(that)-375(Seneca)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-422(once)-423(or)-422(twice)-422(alludes)-423(to)-422(the)-422(doctrine)-423(of)-422(a)-422(previous)-422(life,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-301(he)-300(only)-301(mentions)-301(the)-300(Pythagorean)-301(school)-301(to)-300(record)-301(the)-300(fact)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-430(in)-431(his)-430(day)-430(it)-430(was)-431(without)-430(a)-430(head.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.419 3.959 Td [(2657)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.065 -3.959 Td [(But)-430(that)-430(does)-431(not)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.172 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.275 Td [(2655)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-277(the)-278(apocryphal)-277(letters,)-284(p.)-332(477,)-284(of)-278(Haase)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 157.707 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-277(ed.)-332(of)-278(Sen.;)-291(cf.)-332(Lightfoot,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 101.256 0 Td [(S.)]TJ -273.905 -10.958 Td [(Paul)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 16.938 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-314(Ep.)-441(to)-313(the)-314(Philippians)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 87.369 0 Td [(,)-330(p.)-441(268)-313(sqq.)-441(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.397 0 Td [(Phil.)-441(der)-314(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.861 0 Td [(iii.)-441(1,)-330(p.)]TJ -250.551 -10.959 Td [(637,)-250(n.)-250(1;)-250(Baur,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.031 0 Td [(Ch.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -95.147 -7.395 Td [(2656)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(108,)-250(\247)-250(17;)-250(cf.)-250(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 82.195 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(i.)-250(7,)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -175.596 -7.394 Td [(2657)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.644 0 Td [(Nat.)-887(Qu.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.495 0 Td [(vii.)-887(32,)-515(\247)-463(2,)-515(Pythagorica)-462(illa)-463(invidiosa)-462(turbae)-462(schola)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2748 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2749 0 R /Resources 2747 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2733 0 R >> endobj 2747 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2752 0 obj << /Length 5532 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(624)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(preclude)-362(the)-361(supposition)-362(that)-362(he)-361(may)-362(have)-362(felt)-361(its)-362(influence)-361(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-271(formative)-272(years)-271(of)-272(youth.)-314(And)-272(the)-271(Pythagoreans)-272(of)-271(the)-271(early)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(empire)-301(were)-301(a)-302(highly)-301(eclectic)-301(school.)-404(They)-301(still)-301(reproduced)-301(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([516])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(spirit)-347(of)-346(their)-346(founder)-347(in)-346(mathematical)-347(symbolism,)-371(i)1(n)-347(the)-346(ideal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-299(asceticism,)-310(in)-299(a)-299(pronounced)-298(religious)-299(tendency.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 222.066 3.959 Td [(2658)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.757 -3.959 Td [(But)-299(they)]TJ -242.823 -13.549 Td [(had)-242(absorbed)-242(much)-242(from)-242(Platonism,)-244(as)-242(well)-242(as)-242(from)-242(the)-242(Lyceum)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-372(the)-372(Porch.)-615(These)-372(mingled)-372(influences)-372(also)-372(account)-372(for)-371(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profound)-278(alterations)-279(which)-278(Stoicism)-278(had)-279(undergone)-278(in)-278(the)-278(mind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-241(Seneca.)-247(And)-240(his)-241(contempt)-240(for)-241(the)-241(body)-240(or)-241(the)-240(flesh,)-243(and)-240(many)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-395(the)-395(phrases)-395(in)-395(which)-395(its)-394(cramping,)-432(lowering)-395(influences)-394(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(described,)-250(savour)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Pythagorean)-250(and)-250(Platonist)-250(schools.)]TJ 11.956 -15.271 Td [(But)-273(Seneca)-272(is)-273(an)-272(inconsistent,)-279(though)-272(eloquent)-273(and)-272(powerful,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(expounder)-347(of)-346(that)-346(faith)-347(in)-346(personal)-347(immortality,)-371(wit)1(h)-347(its)-346(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consequences,)-495(which)-446(goes)-446(back)-446(through)-446(many)-446(ages)-446(to)-446(Plato,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-314(Pythagoras,)-329(to)-314(the)-314(obscure)-314(apostles)-313(of)-314(the)-314(Orphic)-313(revelation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-511(to)-511(Egypt.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.356 3.958 Td [(2659)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.712 -3.958 Td [(The)-511(mythical)-511(Orpheus)-511(represents,)-577(in)]TJ -110.068 -13.55 Td [(the)-475(field)-475(of)-475(religion)-475(and)-475(in)-475(the)-475(theory)-475(of)-475(life)-475(and)-475(death,)-531(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immense)-466(revolution)-466(in)-465(Greek)-466(thought)-466(and)-466(an)-466(enduring)-465(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-462(produced)-462(a)-462(profound)-462(effect)-462(down)-462(to)-462(the)-462(last)-462(years)-461(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paganism)-467(in)-467(the)-467(West.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.064 3.959 Td [(2660)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.269 -3.959 Td [(With)-467(the)-467(names)-467(of)-467(Orpheus)-467(and)]TJ -130.333 -13.549 Td [(Pythagoras)-369(are)-368(connected)-369(the)-368(assured)-369(faith)-369(in)-368(immortality,)-398(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-301(of)-301(this)-300(life)-301(as)-301(only)-300(preparatory)-301(and)-301(secondary)-301(to)-300(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(next,)-471(the)-427(need)-427(for)-427(purgation)-426(and)-427(expiation)-427(for)-427(deeds)-427(done)-426(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-406(body,)-444(the)-406(doctrine)-405(of)-406(transmigration)-405(and)-406(successive)-405(lives,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(possibly)-211(in)-210(animal)-211(forms.)-237(Orpheus)-210(was)-211(also)-210(the)-211(mythical)-210(founder)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-513(mysteries)-513(in)-514(whose)-513(secret)-513(lore)-513(the)-513(initiated)-513(were)-513(always)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposed)-501(to)-501(receive)-501(some)-500(comforting)-501(assurance)-501(of)-501(a)-501(life)-500(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 152.328 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 93.543 143.504 Td [(praeceptorem)-250(non)-250(invenit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(2658)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.894 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.007 0 Td [(iii.)-250(2,)-250(p.)-250(95.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.596 -7.395 Td [(2659)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodot.)-250(ii.)-250(123.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2660)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodotus)-315(never)-316(mentions)-315(Orpheus,)-332(but)-316(speaks)-315(of)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 185.547 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)-315(H)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.368 0 Td [(\301\306\271\272\254)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.923 0 Td [(,)-332(ii.)-446(81;)-348(nor)]TJ -237.65 -10.959 Td [(do)-295(the)-295(schol.)-386(on)-295(Homer)-295(allude)-295(to)-295(him)-295(\050Lob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 162.905 0 Td [(Aglaoph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.274 0 Td [(i.)-385(p.)-386(540;)-317(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.823 0 Td [(Aglaoph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -248.002 -10.959 Td [(p.)-295(255)-265(sqq.\051.)-294(His)-265(existence)-265(was)-265(denied)-265(by)-265(Aristotle)-264(\050Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 206.344 0 Td [(De)-265(Nat.)-294(Deor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.712 0 Td [(1.)-295(38,)]TJ -260.056 -10.959 Td [(108\051.)-338(Plato)-280(seems)-279(to)-279(be)-280(as)-279(assured)-280(of)-279(it)-279(as)-280(Iamblichus,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 198.986 0 Td [(Cratyl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.664 0 Td [(402;)-294(cf.)-338(Iambl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -226.65 -10.959 Td [(Pythag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(145,)-250(243.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2751 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2752 0 R /Resources 2750 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2733 0 R >> endobj 2753 0 obj << /D [2751 0 R /XYZ 263.122 491.077 null] >> endobj 2750 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2756 0 obj << /Length 6279 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(625)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(come.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.357 3.959 Td [(2661)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.892 -3.959 Td [(A)-425(spokesman)-425(in)-425(one)-425(of)-425(Cicero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 141.946 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-425(dialogues)-425(recalls)]TJ -196.827 -13.549 Td [(with)-316(intense)-315(gratitude)-316(the)-315(light)-315(of)-316(hope)-315(and)-316(cheerfulness)-315(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-502(holy)-503(rites)-502(had)-502(shed)-503(for)-502(him)-502(both)-503(on)-502(life)-502(and)-503(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2662)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-505(Plutarch,)-569(on)-505(the)-505(death)-505(of)-505(their)-505(daughter,)-568(reminded)-505(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wife)-295(of)-295(the)-295(soothing)-296(words)-295(which)-295(they)-295(had)-295(together)-295(heard)-295(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-491(hierophant)-490(in)-491(the)-491(Dionysiac)-490(mysteries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 197.347 3.959 Td [(2663)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.04 -3.959 Td [(Long)-491(before)]TJ -224.387 -13.549 Td [(their)-345(day)-344(Plato)-345(had)-344(often,)-368(on)-345(these)-345(high)-344(themes,)-368(sought)-345(a)-344(kind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-445(high)-445(ecclesiastical)-446(sanction)-445(or)-445(suggestion)-445(for)-445(the)-445(tentative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conclusions)-386(of)-385(dialectic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.7 3.958 Td [(2664)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.602 -3.958 Td [(The)-386(great)-385(name)-386(of)-385(Orpheus,)-420(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.722 0 Td [([517])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(the)-334(mystic)-335(lore)-334(of)-335(this)-334(esoteric)-334(faith,)-356(had)-334(indeed)-335(in)-334(Plato)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 253.353 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-334(day)]TJ -256.986 -13.549 Td [(been)-378(sadly)-378(cheapened)-378(and)-377(degraded)-378(by)-378(a)-378(crowd)-378(of)-377(mercenary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(impostors.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.764 3.959 Td [(2665)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.161 -3.959 Td [(And)-464(even)-464(the)-463(venerable)-464(rites)-464(of)-464(Eleusis)-463(may)]TJ -71.925 -13.549 Td [(have)-233(contained)-234(an)-233(element)-233(of)-233(coarseness,)-237(descending)-233(from)-233(times)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-359(the)-358(processes)-359(of)-358(nature)-359(were)-358(regarded)-359(unveiled.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.148 3.958 Td [(2666)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.719 -3.958 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.55 Td [(philosophy)-375(and)-376(reason,)-407(which)-375(purged)-375(and)-376(elevated)-375(religion)-375(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-441(whole,)-489(did)-441(the)-442(same)-441(service)-441(for)-441(the)-441(mysteries,)-489(and)-441(Orphic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-385(Pythagorean)-386(became)-385(almost)-385(convertible.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.32 3.959 Td [(2667)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.594 -3.959 Td [(The)-385(systems)]TJ -224.914 -13.549 Td [(represent)-186(a)-186(converging)-186(effort)-186(to)-186(solve)-186(those)-186(great)-186(questions)-186(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lie)-365(on)-364(the)-365(borderland)-364(of)-365(religion)-364(and)-365(philosophy,)-393(questions)-364(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-295(the)-295(speculative)-295(intellect)-295(is)-295(so)-295(often)-295(foiled,)-306(and)-295(has)-295(to)-294(fall)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(back)-244(on)-245(the)-244(support)-245(of)-244(faith)-245(and)-244(religious)-245(intuition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.624 3.959 Td [(2668)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.146 -3.959 Td [(In)-244(an)-245(age)]TJ -240.77 -13.549 Td [(which)-381(had)-382(forsaken)-381(curious)-381(speculation,)-414(whose)-381(whole)-381(interest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-422(concentrated)-421(on)-422(the)-421(moral)-422(life,)-464(an)-422(age)-421(which)-422(longed)-421(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-242(vision)-243(and)-242(supernatural)-243(support,)-244(an)-242(essentially)-242(religious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(philosophy)-306(like)-306(the)-306(new)-307(Pythagoreanism)-306(was)-306(sure)-306(to)-306(be)-306(a)-306(great)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 176.602 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 169.79 Td [(2661)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Iambl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.401 0 Td [(Pythag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(151;)-250(Lobeck,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.557 0 Td [(Aglaoph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.871 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(238.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -154.409 -7.311 Td [(2662)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.049 0 Td [(De)-477(Leg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.703 0 Td [(ii.)-932(14,)-534(36,)-534(neque)-477(solum)-477(cum)-477(laetitia)-477(vivendi)-478(rationem)]TJ -69.707 -10.959 Td [(accepimus,)-250(sed)-250(etiam)-250(cum)-250(spe)-250(meliore)-250(moriendi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2663)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Cons.)-250(ad)-250(Ux.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 49.064 0 Td [(c.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.696 -7.311 Td [(2664)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(70)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 11.208 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(;)-250(69)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -98.636 -7.394 Td [(2665)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Rep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(ii.)-250(364)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 25.159 0 Td [(B)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.197 -7.311 Td [(2666)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-648(Gardner)-382(and)-383(Jevons,)-415(p.)-648(268,)-416(who)-382(think)-383(the)-383(ceremonies)-382(never)-383(were)]TJ -11.955 -10.959 Td [(indecent.)-250(Rohde,)-250(i.)-250(p.)-250(289.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2667)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodot.)-250(ii.)-250(81;)-250(Iambl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 82.437 0 Td [(Pythag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(151;)-250(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.078 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(p.)-250(103.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -198.488 -7.311 Td [(2668)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baur,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(Ch.)-250(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(178.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2755 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2756 0 R /Resources 2754 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2758 0 R >> endobj 2757 0 obj << /D [2755 0 R /XYZ 311.649 409.782 null] >> endobj 2754 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2761 0 obj << /Length 5347 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(626)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(power.)-593(Gathering)-365(up)-364(impartially)-365(whatever)-364(suited)-365(its)-364(main)-364(end)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-226(the)-226(ancient)-226(schools,)-231(maintaining)-226(a)-226(scrupulous)-226(reverence)-226(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-211(the)-210(devotion)-211(of)-210(the)-211(past,)-218(it)-211(shed)-211(over)-210(all)-211(a)-210(higher)-211(light,)-218(issuing,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-250(its)-250(votaries)-250(believed,)-250(from)-250(the)-250(lands)-250(of)-250(the)-250(dawn.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.505 3.958 Td [(2669)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.165 -3.958 Td [(Keeping)]TJ -243.67 -13.55 Td [(a)-281(consecrated)-280(place)-280(for)-281(all)-280(the)-281(gods)-280(of)-281(popular)-280(tradition,)-288(linking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-273(to)-274(the)-273(Infinite)-273(by)-274(a)-273(graduated)-273(hierarchy)-274(of)-273(spirits)-273(with)-273(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(home)-395(in)-395(the)-395(stars,)-431(it)-395(rose)-395(to)-395(the)-395(conception)-394(of)-395(the)-395(One,)-431(pure,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passionless)-287(Being)-286(to)-287(whom)-287(no)-286(bloody)-287(sacrifice)-287(is)-286(to)-287(be)-286(offered,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-362(is)-361(to)-362(be)-361(worshipped)-362(best)-361(by)-362(silent)-361(adoration)-362(and)-361(a)-362(life)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purity.)-400(And)-300(in)-300(cultivating)-300(this)-301(purity,)-312(the)-300(grossness)-300(of)-300(the)-300(body)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-352(be)-353(attenuated)-352(by)-353(a)-352(strict)-353(rule)-352(of)-352(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.001 3.959 Td [(2670)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.518 -3.959 Td [(And)-352(though)-353(the)]TJ -210.519 -13.549 Td [(Highest)-266(be)-267(so)-266(remote)-266(and)-267(so)-266(ethereal,)-271(He)-266(has)-266(not)-267(left)-266(us)-266(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(messengers)-320(and)-321(interpreters)-320(to)-321(bridge)-320(the)-321(vast)-320(interval)-320(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(us)-274(and)-274(the)-274(Infinite,)-280(by)-273(means)-274(of)-274(dream)-274(and)-274(vision)-274(and)-274(oracle.)-321(A)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(world)-329(of)-329(strange)-330(daemonic)-329(life)-329(surrounds)-329(us,)-349(a)-329(world)-329(of)-329(spirits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-312(heroic)-313(souls)-312(akin)-313(to)-312(ours.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.268 3.959 Td [(2671)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.207 -3.959 Td [(For)-312(though)-313(we)-312(are)-313(immersed)]TJ -152.475 -13.549 Td [(in)-407(the)-407(alien)-407(element)-407(of)-407(the)-407(flesh,)-446(yet)-407(our)-407(complex)-407(soul)-407(has)-406(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-437(part,)-484(which)-437(may)-437(even)-437(here)-437(below)-437(have)-437(converse)-437(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-373(Divine.)-618(During)-373(its)-373(period)-373(of)-373(duress)-372(and)-373(probation,)-404(it)-372(may)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([518])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(indeed)-353(become)-354(irremediably)-353(tainted)-354(by)-353(contact)-354(with)-353(matter.)-560(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-227(also,)-232(hearkening)-228(to)-227(the)-228(voice)-227(of)-228(philosophy,)-232(hold)-227(itself)-227(clear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-337(pure)-336(from)-337(such)-337(defilement.)-510(When)-336(the)-337(mortal)-337(severance)-336(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-339(two)-340(natures)-339(comes,)-361(the)-340(divine)-339(part)-339(does)-340(not)-339(perish)-339(with)-339(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mouldering)-215(prison,)-221(but)-215(it)-214(may)-215(have)-214(a)-215(very)-214(different)-214(destiny)-215(in)-214(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ages)-211(to)-210(come,)-219(according)-211(to)-210(the)-211(manner)-211(of)-210(its)-211(earthly)-211(life.)-237(This)-210(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-284(the)-284(eternal)-284(state)-285(are)-284(linked)-284(in)-284(an)-284(inevitable)-284(moral)-284(sequence;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-434(we)-434(sow,)-479(so)-434(shall)-434(we)-433(reap)-434(in)-434(successive)-434(lives.)-801(There)-434(is)-433(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Great)-257(Judgment)-257(in)-257(the)-257(unseen)-258(world,)-258(with)-258(momentous,)-258(age-long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effects.)-495(The)-331(spirit)-332(which)-331(has)-332(refused)-331(to)-332(yield)-331(to)-332(the)-331(seductions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-369(the)-369(flesh)-368(may,)-399(in)-369(the)-369(coming)-368(life,)-399(rise)-369(to)-369(empyrean)-368(heights)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(beyond)-281(human)-281(imagination)-280(to)-281(picture.)-342(The)-281(soul)-281(which)-281(has)-280(been)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(2669)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.894 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)-250(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.007 0 Td [(iii.)-250(2,)-250(p.)-250(99.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.596 -7.31 Td [(2670)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(i.)-250(7,)-250(8;)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.543 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(108,)-250(\247\247)-250(17-20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -162.398 -7.311 Td [(2671)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)-250(iii.)-250(2,)-250(p.)-250(122.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2760 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2761 0 R /Resources 2759 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2758 0 R >> endobj 2762 0 obj << /D [2760 0 R /XYZ 199.458 274.29 null] >> endobj 2763 0 obj << /D [2760 0 R /XYZ 206.361 88.381 null] >> endobj 2759 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2766 0 obj << /Length 5182 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(627)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(imbruted)-428(by)-429(its)-428(environment)-428(may)-428(have)-428(to)-429(pass)-428(a)-428(long)-428(ordeal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-378(three)-378(thousand)-378(years,)-410(and)-378(then)-378(return)-378(to)-378(another)-378(sojourn)-378(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-325(form,)-343(or)-324(it)-325(may)-324(sink)-325(hopelessly)-324(to)-325(ever)-324(lower)-325(depths)-324(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(degradation.)]TJ 11.956 -21.815 Td [(The)-352(biography)-353(of)-353(Apollonius)-352(of)-353(Tyana)-352(is,)-378(of)-353(course,)-378(in)-353(one)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sense)-350(a)-349(romance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.387 3.959 Td [(2672)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.423 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-350(its)-349(tales)-350(of)-349(miracle)-350(should)-349(hardly)-350(be)]TJ -98.81 -13.549 Td [(allowed)-371(to)-371(obscure)-371(its)-371(value)-371(as)-371(a)-371(picture)-371(of)-371(the)-371(beliefs)-371(of)-370(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age.)-467(We)-322(cannot)-322(doubt)-323(that)-322(the)-322(Pythagorean)-323(apostle)-322(of)-322(the)-322(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-373(the)-372(Flavians)-372(went)-373(all)-372(over)-373(the)-372(Roman)-373(world,)-403(preaching)-372(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gospel)-264(of)-264(moral)-264(and)-264(ritual)-264(purity,)-267(kindling)-264(or)-264(satisfying)-264(the)-263(faith)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-271(the)-271(world)-271(of)-270(spirit,)-277(striving)-270(in)-271(a)-271(strange)-271(fashion)-271(to)-271(reconcile)-270(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mystic)-241(monotheism)-241(and)-241(devotion)-241(to)-241(a)-241(pure)-241(life)-241(of)-241(the)-241(soul)-241(with)-241(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scrupulous)-175(reverence)-174(for)-175(all)-174(the)-175(mythologies.)-225(It)-175(may,)-189(at)-175(first)-174(sight,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appear)-257(strange)-256(that)-257(a)-257(mystic)-256(like)-257(Apollonius,)-258(of)-257(the)-256(Pythagorean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(school,)-397(should)-367(so)-367(seldom)-368(allude)-367(to)-367(the)-368(subject)-367(of)-367(immortality.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-393(truth)-394(is)-393(that)-394(Apollonius)-393(was)-393(not)-394(a)-393(dogmatic)-393(preacher;)-465(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dealt)-228(little)-228(in)-229(theories.)-242(His)-229(chief)-228(business,)-232(as)-229(he)-228(conceived)-228(it,)-232(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-377(practical)-377(morality,)-408(and)-377(the)-377(reform)-377(or)-377(restoration)-377(of)-376(ritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(where)-306(it)-305(had)-306(fallen)-306(into)-305(desuetude)-306(and)-306(decay.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 201.173 3.959 Td [(2673)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.988 -3.959 Td [(Penetrated)-306(as)]TJ -222.161 -13.549 Td [(he)-348(was)-348(with)-348(the)-348(faith)-348(in)-348(a)-347(spiritual)-348(world,)-373(he)-348(seems)-348(to)-347(assume)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-339(a)-339(postulate)-339(the)-339(eternity)-339(of)-339(the)-339(soul,)-361(and)-339(its)-339(incarnation)-339(for)-338(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brief)-285(space)-286(on)-285(earth.)-356(During)-286(its)-285(sojourn)-286(in)-285(the)-285(flesh,)-295(it)-285(is)-285(visited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-270(visions)-269(from)-270(on)-269(high,)-275(and)-269(such)-270(revelations)-269(are)-270(vouchsafed)-269(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([519])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(proportion)-316(to)-315(its)-316(ascetic)-315(purity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.095 3.959 Td [(2674)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.31 -3.959 Td [(What)-315(conception)-316(of)-315(the)-316(life)]TJ -158.405 -13.549 Td [(to)-288(come)-287(Apollonius)-287(entertained)-288(we)-287(cannot)-288(say;)-306(but)-288(its)-287(reality)-287(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(him)-336(was)-336(a)-337(self-evident)-336(truth.)-508(We)-337(are)-336(surrounded)-336(by)-336(the)-336(spirits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-391(the)-391(departed,)-426(although)-391(we)-391(know)-391(it)-391(not.)-673(Sailing)-391(among)-390(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(islands)-443(of)-443(the)-443(Aegean,)-491(he)-443(once)-443(gratified)-443(his)-443(disciples)-443(by)-443(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tale)-342(of)-342(his)-343(having)-342(met)-342(the)-342(shade)-342(of)-343(Achilles)-342(at)-342(his)-342(tomb)-342(in)-342(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.149 Td [(2672)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.401 0 Td [(Apoll.)-252(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.349 0 Td [(i.)-252(2;)-250(cf.)-252(Zeller,)-251(iii.)-251(2,)-251(p.)-252(134,)-250(n.;)-251(Baur,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 134.836 0 Td [(Ch.)-252(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.397 0 Td [(ii.)-252(pp.)]TJ -259.938 -10.959 Td [(174,)-250(206.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2673)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(iv.)-250(20;)-250(iii.)-250(41;)-250(i.)-250(11,)-250(16;)-250(vi.)-250(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.41 -7.311 Td [(2674)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(ii.)-250(37;)-250(vi.)-250(11.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2765 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2766 0 R /Resources 2764 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2758 0 R >> endobj 2767 0 obj << /D [2765 0 R /XYZ 157.593 211.828 null] >> endobj 2764 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2770 0 obj << /Length 6879 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(628)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Troad.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.779 3.959 Td [(2675)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.802 -3.959 Td [(Men)-361(said)-361(that)-361(the)-362(hero)-361(was)-361(really)-361(dead,)-389(and)-361(in)-361(the)]TJ -51.581 -13.549 Td [(old)-401(home)-401(of)-401(the)-401(Myrmidons,)-438(his)-401(worship)-401(was)-401(forgotten.)-702(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apollonius,)-368(in)-345(a)-344(prayer)-344(which)-345(he)-344(had)-345(learnt)-344(from)-345(the)-344(sages)-344(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(Ganges,)-282(called)-275(upon)-275(the)-275(heroic)-275(shade)-276(to)-275(dispel)-275(all)-275(doubts)-275(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(appearing)-380(at)-380(his)-381(call.)-640(At)-380(once)-381(an)-380(earthquake)-380(shook)-380(the)-380(tomb,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-241(a)-242(fair)-241(youthful)-241(form)-241(was)-242(by)-241(his)-241(side)-242(of)-241(wondrous)-241(beauty)-241(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superhuman)-294(stature,)-305(clothed)-294(in)-294(a)-294(Thessalian)-294(mantle.)-382(His)-293(stature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grew)-244(more)-245(majestic,)-245(and)-244(his)-244(beauty)-245(more)-244(glorious)-244(as)-244(Apollonius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gazed.)-461(But)-320(the)-320(sage)-320(had)-320(no)-320(weak)-321(fears)-320(in)-320(the)-320(presence)-320(even)-320(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(so)-280(august)-280(a)-281(spirit,)-287(and)-281(pressed)-280(him)-280(with)-280(questions)-280(which)-280(savour)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(far)-281(more)-281(of)-281(antiquarian)-281(than)-281(spiritual)-281(interest.)-343(Was)-281(Helen)-281(really)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-338(Troy?)-514(Why)-339(does)-338(not)-338(Homer)-338(mention)-338(Palamedes?)-514(The)-338(hero)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resolved)-317(his)-316(doubts,)-334(sent)-316(a)-317(warning)-317(message)-316(to)-317(the)-316(Thessalians)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-225(restore)-225(his)-225(forgotten)-225(honours,)-230(and)-225(in)-225(a)-225(soft)-225(splendour)-225(vanished)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-250(the)-250(first)-250(cock-crow.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95.727 3.959 Td [(2676)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -83.771 -21.04 Td [(The)-274(biography)-274(of)-273(Apollonius)-274(closes)-274(with)-274(a)-274(tale)-274(which)-273(throws)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(a)-404(strong)-405(light)-404(on)-404(the)-404(spiritual)-405(cravings)-404(of)-404(that)-404(age.)-713(The)-404(sage)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(firmly)-335(believed)-335(in)-334(transmigration)-335(and)-335(immortality,)-356(although)-334(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(discouraged)-367(debate)-366(on)-367(these)-367(high)-366(themes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 187.541 3.959 Td [(2677)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.984 -3.959 Td [(After)-367(his)-366(death,)]TJ -210.525 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(youth)-306(of)-307(Tyana)-306(were)-306(much)-306(occupied)-306(with)-306(solemn)-306(thoughts.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-351(there)-350(was)-351(a)-350(sceptic)-351(among)-350(them)-351(who)-350(had)-351(vainly)-350(besought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(departed)-272(philosopher)-273(to)-272(return)-272(from)-272(spiritland)-272(and)-272(dispel)-272(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doubts)-265(as)-265(to)-266(the)-265(future)-265(life.)-296(At)-265(last)-265(one)-266(day)-265(he)-265(fell)-265(asleep)-265(among)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-290(companions,)-299(and)-290(then)-289(suddenly)-290(started)-290(up)-289(as)-290(one)-289(demented,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-316(the)-317(cry)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.56 0 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(I)-316(believe)-317(thee.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 62.94 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.295 0 Td [(Then)-316(he)-317(told)-316(his)-316(friends)-317(that)-316(he)]TJ -140.548 -13.549 Td [(had)-289(seen)-289(the)-289(spirit)-290(of)-289(the)-289(sage,)-299(that)-289(he)-289(had)-289(been)-289(actually)-289(among)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them,)-219(though)-211(they)-211(knew)-211(it)-211(not,)-219(chanting)-211(a)-211(marvellous)-211(song)-211(of)-211(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-284(death.)-353(It)-284(told)-284(of)-284(the)-284(escape)-285(of)-284(the)-284(soul)-284(from)-284(the)-284(mouldering)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(frame)-218(and)-219(of)-218(its)-218(swift)-219(flight)-218(to)-218(ethereal)-218(worlds.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 203.147 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Thou)-218(shalt)-219(know)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -280.747 0 Td [([520])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.004 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.108 Td [(2675)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2676)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iv.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2677)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.668 0 Td [(viii.)-240(31,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 29.573 0 Td [(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.768 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.595 0 Td [(\310\305\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.821 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-218(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.911 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.257 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.616 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\270\254\275\261\304\277\302)-218(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 36.137 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.257 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\303\314\306\265\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.388 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\304\271)-218(\264\271\264\254\303\272\311\275)-219(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 50.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\304\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.681 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\273\267\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.996 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.847 0 Td [(A)-356(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.201 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\301)-356(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.182 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-356(\273\314\263\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.429 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.432 0 Td [(\300\277\273\305\300\301\261\263\274\277\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.04 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)-356(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.031 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.956 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.832 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.979 0 Td [(\276\305\263\307\311\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.652 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-356(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.592 0 Td [(p)-356(f)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.173 0 Td [(\264\265)]TJ -272.569 -10.959 Td [(\274\265\263\254\273\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.007 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2769 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2770 0 R /Resources 2768 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2758 0 R >> endobj 2771 0 obj << /D [2769 0 R /XYZ 139.499 135.265 null] >> endobj 2768 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2774 0 obj << /Length 6446 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(629)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(all)-402(when)-401(thou)-401(art)-402(no)-401(more;)-478(but)-401(while)-402(thou)-401(art)-402(yet)-401(among)-401(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(living,)-250(why)-250(seek)-250(to)-250(pierce)-250(the)-250(mystery?)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 171.186 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2678)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -164.073 -19.897 Td [(The)-491(new)-492(Platonist)-491(school,)-551(with)-492(Plutarch)-491(and)-491(Maximus)-491(at)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(their)-362(head,)-389(were,)-390(in)-362(this)-361(age,)-390(the)-362(great)-362(apostles)-361(of)-362(the)-362(hope)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immortality.)-554(Platonists)-352(in)-351(their)-352(theory)-351(of)-352(mind)-351(and)-352(God,)-376(Neo-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pythagorean)-378(in)-379(their)-378(faith)-378(in)-378(the)-378(openness)-379(of)-378(the)-378(human)-378(spirit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-394(its)-395(best)-394(to)-394(supernatural)-394(influences,)-431(they)-394(felt)-394(the)-394(doctrine)-394(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(coming)-306(life)-306(to)-306(be)-306(axiomatic.)-417(It)-306(is)-306(true)-306(that)-306(the)-306(author)-306(of)-305(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(Consolation)-329(to)-330(Apollonius)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 116.298 0 Td [(,)-349(seems)-329(at)-330(times)-329(to)-329(waver,)-349(as)-330(Seneca)]TJ -116.298 -13.549 Td [(did,)-479(between)-434(the)-433(idea)-433(of)-434(exti)1(nction)-434(at)-433(death)-433(and)-434(the)-433(hope)-433(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eternal)-414(beatitude.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.916 3.959 Td [(2679)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.518 -3.959 Td [(This)-414(piece)-413(is)-414(full)-413(of)-414(pessimist)-413(thoughts)]TJ -101.434 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(life,)-356(and)-334(embalms)-335(many)-334(a)-335(sad)-334(saying)-335(of)-334(the)-335(Greek)-334(poets)-334(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-315(shortness)-316(and)-315(its)-316(misery.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.16 3.958 Td [(2680)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.307 -3.958 Td [(Bringing)-315(far)-316(more)-315(sorrow)-316(than)]TJ -144.467 -13.55 Td [(joy,)-256(life)-255(may)-255(well)-255(be)-255(regarded)-255(as)-255(a)-255(mysterious)-255(punishment.)-265(That)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Thracian)-226(tribe)-225(which)-226(mourned)-225(at)-226(each)-225(birth)-225(as)-226(others)-225(do)-226(at)-225(death,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-308(a)-309(true)-308(philosophy)-309(of)-308(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.744 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-308(estate.)-425(The)-309(great)-308(consolation)-309(is)]TJ -134.377 -13.549 Td [(that,)-341(in)-323(the)-322(phrase)-323(of)-323(Heraclitus,)-340(death)-323(and)-323(life)-322(are)-323(one,)-341(we)-322(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dying)-253(every)-252(moment)-253(from)-252(our)-253(birth.)-258(Death)-252(is)-253(the)-253(great)-252(healer,)-253(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-194(words)-194(of)-195(Aeschylus,)-205(the)-194(deliverer)-195(from)-194(the)-194(curse)-194(of)-194(existence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-302(it)-301(be)-302(an)-302(eternal)-301(sleep)-302(or)-301(a)-302(far)-302(journey)-301(into)-302(an)-301(unknown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(land.)-600(The)-366(prospect)-367(of)-366(blank)-367(nothingness)-367(offers)-366(no)-367(terrors;)-424(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-376(soul)-377(only)-376(returns)-377(to)-376(its)-376(original)-377(unconsciousness.)-629(But)-376(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-243(hardly)-243(a)-243(congenial)-243(mood)-243(to)-243(the)-243(author,)-244(and)-243(before)-243(the)-243(close,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(he)-326(falls)-326(back)-327(on)-326(the)-326(solace)-326(of)-327(mystic)-326(tradition)-326(or)-326(poetic)-326(vision,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that,)-429(for)-393(the)-393(nobler)-392(sort,)-429(there)-393(is)-393(a)-393(place)-393(prepared)-393(in)-393(the)-392(ages)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-372(come,)-403(after)-372(the)-372(Great)-372(Judgment,)-403(when)-372(all)-372(souls,)-402(naked)-372(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stripped)-302(of)-302(all)-302(trappings)-302(and)-302(disguises,)-315(shall)-302(have)-302(to)-302(answer)-302(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(deeds)-314(done)-314(in)-314(the)-314(body.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 122.872 3.959 Td [(2681)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.261 -3.959 Td [(The)-314(same)-314(faith)-314(is)-314(professed)-314(by)]TJ -144.133 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)-246(to)-245(his)-246(wife)-246(in)-245(the)-246(Consolation)-245(on)-246(the)-246(death)-245(of)-246(their)-245(little)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(daughter,)-285(which)-278(took)-277(place)-278(while)-278(Plutarch)-278(was)-277(from)-278(home.)-333(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.31 Td [(2678)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.342 0 Td [(Apoll.)-245(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.15 0 Td [(viii.)-245(31,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.743 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.895 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.744 0 Td [(\274\265\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.454 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.815 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.578 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.405 0 Td [(\020|)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.043 0 Td [(\275)-235(\300\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.421 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.744 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275\264\265)-235(\274\261\304\265\315\265\271\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.483 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -280.877 -7.311 Td [(2679)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)-250(\050?\051)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.131 0 Td [(Consol.)-250(ad)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.015 0 Td [(c.)-250(34;)-250(cf.)-250(c.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -110.841 -7.31 Td [(2680)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(7)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2681)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(36,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(\304\265\270\275\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.407 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\304\261\302)-250(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.721 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301)-250(\264\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.588 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\272\301\257\275\265\303\270\261\271)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.314 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2773 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2774 0 R /Resources 2772 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2758 0 R >> endobj 2772 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2777 0 obj << /Length 6767 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(630)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(loss)-384(of)-384(a)-384(pure)-384(bright)-384(young)-384(soul,)-418(full)-384(of)-384(love)-384(and)-384(kindness)-384(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all,)-419(even)-384(to)-385(her)-385(lifeless)-385(toys,)-418(was)-385(evidently)-385(a)-385(heavy)-385(blow.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2682)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-362(Plutarch)-362(praises)-361(his)-362(wife)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.323 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-362(simple)-362(restraint)-361(and)-362(abstinence)]TJ -133.955 -13.549 Td [(from)-392(the)-393(effusive)-392(parade)-392(of)-393(conventional)-392(mourning.)-677(All)-392(such)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(displays)-353(seemed)-352(to)-353(him)-353(a)-353(rather)-352(vulgar)-353(intemperance)-353(and)-352(self-)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([521])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(indulgence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.597 3.959 Td [(2683)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.699 -3.959 Td [(And)-266(why)-267(grieve)-266(for)-266(one)-266(who)-267(is)-266(spared)-266(all)-267(grief?)]TJ -70.296 -13.549 Td [(She)-204(had)-204(her)-205(little)-204(joys,)-213(and,)-213(knowing)-204(no)-205(other,)-213(she)-204(suffers)-204(no)-204(pain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-362(loss.)-584(Yet)-362(Plutarch)-361(would)-362(not)-362(have)-361(his)-362(wife)-361(accept)-362(the)-361(cold)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consolation)-319(that)-318(death)-319(brings)-318(unconsciousness.)-455(He)-319(reminds)-318(her)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-341(the)-341(brighter,)-363(more)-341(cheering)-341(vision)-341(which)-341(they)-341(have)-340(enjoyed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(together)-231(as)-230(communicants)-231(in)-230(the)-231(Dionysiac)-231(mysteries.)-243(If)-231(the)-230(soul)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-300(undying,)-313(if)-300(it)-301(is)-300(of)-300(divine)-300(parentage)-301(and)-300(has)-300(a)-300(divine)-300(destiny,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-370(the)-370(shortness)-369(of)-370(its)-370(imprisonment)-369(and)-370(exile)-370(is)-370(a)-369(blessing.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-395(captive)-394(bird)-395(may)-394(come)-394(by)-395(use)-394(and)-395(wont)-394(actually)-395(to)-394(love)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-313(cage.)-440(And)-314(the)-313(worst)-314(misery)-313(of)-313(old)-314(age)-313(is)-313(not)-314(grey)-313(hairs)-313(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weakness,)-356(but)-335(a)-335(dull)-334(absorption)-335(in)-335(the)-335(carnal)-335(and)-334(forgetfulness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(divine)-325(things.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 77.999 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Whom)-324(the)-325(gods)-324(love)-324(die)-325(young.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.442 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.382 0 Td [(By)-324(calling)]TJ -234.666 -13.549 Td [(them)-250(back)-250(early,)-250(they)-250(save)-250(them)-250(from)-250(long)-250(wanderings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.378 3.959 Td [(2684)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -230.422 -21.949 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.359 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-246(belief)-246(in)-246(immortality)-246(is)-246(a)-246(religious)-246(faith,)-247(a)-246(practical)]TJ -51.948 -13.549 Td [(postulate.)-648(He)-382(nowhere)-383(discusses)-382(the)-383(bases)-382(of)-383(the)-382(belief)-383(in)-382(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(exhaustive)-437(way.)-810(It)-437(is)-437(rather)-437(inseparable)-437(from)-437(his)-436(conception)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-375(God)-375(and)-375(His)-375(justice,)-407(and)-375(the)-375(relation)-375(of)-375(the)-375(human)-375(soul)-375(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(God.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.513 3.959 Td [(2685)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.133 -3.959 Td [(He)-241(admits)-241(that)-241(the)-241(prospect)-241(of)-241(reward)-241(or)-241(punishment)-241(in)]TJ -40.646 -13.549 Td [(another)-237(world)-236(has)-237(but)-236(little)-237(influence)-236(on)-237(men)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 195.006 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-237(conduct.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.089 3.959 Td [(2686)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.117 -3.959 Td [(Few)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(believe)-353(in)-353(the)-353(tales)-353(of)-353(tortures)-353(of)-353(the)-353(damned.)-559(And)-353(those)-353(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(do)-314(can)-314(soothe)-314(their)-315(fears,)-330(and)-314(purchase)-314(a)-314(gross)-314(immortality,)-330(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(initiations)-243(and)-242(indulgences.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 119.534 3.958 Td [(2687)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.139 -3.958 Td [(Yet)-243(it)-242(is)-243(impossible)-242(to)-243(doubt)-243(that)]TJ -138.673 -13.55 Td [(to)-220(Plutarch)-221(the)-220(hope)-220(of)-221(the)-220(eternal)-220(life)-221(was)-220(a)-220(precious)-220(possession.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.445 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.633 Td [(2682)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Consol.)-250(ad)-250(Ux.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 56.039 0 Td [(c.)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.734 -7.311 Td [(2683)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Consol.)-250(ad)-250(Ux.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 56.039 0 Td [(c.)-250(4,)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.734 -7.31 Td [(2684)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Consol.)-250(ad)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.015 0 Td [(c.)-250(17-24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -79.71 -7.395 Td [(2685)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Ser.)-250(Num.)-250(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.973 0 Td [(c.)-250(18)-250(\050561)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 38.349 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -130.951 -7.31 Td [(2686)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.909 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264\255\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.805 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\303\304\271)-245(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.978 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.857 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-245(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.177 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-245(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.434 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275\304\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.965 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.469 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.184 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\271\303\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.96 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275\304\261\271)-245(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.223 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.834 0 Td [(\273\261\275\270\254\275\277\271\303\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.285 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -281.128 -7.311 Td [(2687)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Non)-250(p.)-250(Suav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.069 0 Td [(c.)-250(26,)-250(27.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2776 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2777 0 R /Resources 2775 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2758 0 R >> endobj 2778 0 obj << /D [2776 0 R /XYZ 335.187 463.978 null] >> endobj 2775 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2781 0 obj << /Length 6430 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(631)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(He)-353(assails)-353(with)-354(force,)-379(and)-353(even)-353(asperity,)-379(the)-353(Epicurean)-353(school)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-234(their)-234(attempt)-234(to)-234(rob)-234(humanity)-234(of)-234(it,)-237(on)-234(the)-234(pretext)-234(of)-233(relieving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-456(of)-455(a)-456(load)-456(of)-455(superstitious)-456(fears.)-867(They)-456(are)-455(like)-456(men)-455(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(board)-389(a)-389(ship)-388(who,)-424(letting)-389(the)-388(passengers)-389(know)-389(that)-389(they)-388(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(no)-324(pilot,)-341(console)-324(them)-323(with)-324(the)-323(further)-324(information)-323(that)-324(it)-323(does)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-332(matter,)-352(as)-332(they)-331(are)-332(bound)-332(to)-331(drive)-332(upon)-332(the)-332(rocks.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.827 3.959 Td [(2688)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.84 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(great)-423(promise)-423(of)-423(Epicurus)-423(was)-423(to)-423(free)-423(men)-423(from)-423(the)-423(spectral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terrors)-434(with)-434(which)-434(poetic)-435(fancy)-434(had)-434(filled)-434(the)-434(scenery)-434(of)-434(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-412(world.)-735(But)-412(in)-412(doing)-411(so,)-453(he)-411(invested)-412(death)-412(with)-412(a)-411(new)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(horror)-258(infinitely)-257(worse)-258(than)-257(the)-258(fabled)-257(tortures)-258(of)-257(the)-258(damned.)-272(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-323(a)-322(subtle)-323(fallacy)-322(which)-323(taught)-323(that,)-340(as)-323(annihilation)-322(involves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-395(extinction)-394(of)-395(consciousness,)-431(the)-394(lamented)-395(loss)-394(of)-395(the)-394(joys)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-309(vivid)-309(energy)-308(of)-309(life)-309(was)-309(a)-308(mere)-309(imagination)-309(projected)-309(on)-308(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([522])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(blank)-328(future)-328(where)-328(no)-328(regret)-328(could)-328(ever)-328(disturb)-327(the)-328(tranquillity)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-296(nothingness)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.439 3.959 Td [(2689)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.438 -3.959 Td [(.)-388(Plutarch)-296(took)-296(his)-296(stand)-296(on)-296(psychology.)-388(The)]TJ -80.877 -13.549 Td [(passion)-306(for)-306(continued)-306(existence)-306(is,)-321(as)-306(a)-306(matter)-306(of)-306(fact,)-320(the)-306(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imperious)-227(in)-226(our)-227(nature.)-242(With)-226(the)-227(belief)-227(in)-226(immortality,)-231(Epicurus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sweeps)-220(away)-221(the)-220(strongest)-221(and)-220(dearest)-220(hopes)-221(of)-220(the)-221(mass)-220(of)-220(men.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(This)-347(life)-347(is)-347(indeed)-347(full)-347(of)-347(pain)-347(and)-347(sorrow;)-395(yet)-347(men)-347(cling)-347(to)-347(it)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(passionately,)-331(merely)-315(as)-315(life,)-331(in)-315(the)-315(darkest)-315(hours.)-445(And)-315(they)-315(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ready)-323(to)-323(brave)-323(the)-324(worst)-323(horrors)-323(of)-323(Cerberus)-323(and)-323(Chimaera)-323(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(chance)-276(of)-275(continued)-276(existence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.065 3.959 Td [(2690)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.997 -3.959 Td [(The)-275(privation)-276(of)-275(a)-276(dream)]TJ -171.062 -13.549 Td [(of)-301(happiness)-301(in)-302(another)-301(world)-301(is)-301(a)-302(real)-301(loss,)-314(even)-301(though,)-314(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-395(grey)-394(day)-395(of)-395(nothingness)-394(dawns,)-431(the)-395(consciousness)-395(of)-394(loss)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-358(gone.)-573(Is)-357(it)-358(a)-357(light)-358(thing)-358(to)-357(tell)-358(the)-358(nobler)-357(spirits,)-385(the)-357(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(athletes,)-314(who)-301(have)-301(battled)-301(with)-302(evil)-301(all)-301(life)-301(long,)-314(that)-301(they)-301(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-315(contending)-314(for)-315(a)-315(visionary)-315(crown?)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.515 3.959 Td [(2691)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.283 -3.959 Td [(Is)-315(it)-314(nothing)-315(to)-315(the)]TJ -197.798 -13.549 Td [(idealist)-236(who,)-239(amid)-236(all)-236(the)-236(obstructions)-236(of)-236(the)-236(life)-236(in)-236(the)-236(flesh,)-238(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-259(fostering)-259(his)-259(nobler)-259(powers,)-261(in)-259(the)-259(hope)-259(of)-258(eternal)-259(freedom)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.269 Td [(2688)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(23)-250(\0501103\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2689)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Non.)-250(p.)-250(Suav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.31 0 Td [(c.)-250(30,)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.005 -7.31 Td [(2690)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.043 0 Td [(c.)-281(27,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 22.304 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.319 0 Td [(#)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.879 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\273\257\263\277\305)-260(\264\255\311)-260(\273\255\263\265\271\275)-261(\300\254\275\304\261\302)-260(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 103.488 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.969 0 Td [(\300\254\303\261\302)-260(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.175 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-260(\300\301\277\270\315\274\277\305\302)-260(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 60.401 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.353 -10.959 Td [(\232\265\301\262\255\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.751 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\264\271\261\264\254\272\275\265\303\270\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 51.87 0 Td [(E)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\300\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.892 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.643 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-250(\264\271\261\274\255\275\311\303\271)-250(\274\267\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 68.27 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.227 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\275\261\271\301\265\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.922 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -255.385 -7.311 Td [(2691)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(28.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2780 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2781 0 R /Resources 2779 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2783 0 R >> endobj 2782 0 obj << /D [2780 0 R /XYZ 124.742 355.585 null] >> endobj 2779 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2786 0 obj << /Length 9671 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(632)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-255(the)-254(full)-255(vision)-255(of)-254(truth,)-256(that)-255(that)-254(real)-255(life)-255(to)-254(which)-255(he)-254(fancied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death)-360(was)-359(only)-360(the)-359(gateway)-360(is,)-387(after)-360(all,)-387(a)-359(mere)-360(illusion?)-578(Nor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(does)-401(Plutarch)-400(disdain)-401(to)-400(take)-401(account)-400(of)-401(that)-400(vivacity)-401(of)-400(love)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-232(in)-232(all)-232(ages)-232(has)-231(sought)-232(to)-232(soften)-232(the)-232(bitterness)-232(of)-232(parting)-231(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(hope)-250(of)-250(reunion)-250(and)-250(recognition)-250(in)-250(other)-250(worlds.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.542 3.959 Td [(2692)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -215.586 -21.688 Td [(The)-537(Consolation)-537(to)-537(Apollonius)-537(only)-537(refers)-537(briefly)-537(to)-537(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(punishment)-293(of)-292(lawless)-293(wealth)-293(and)-292(power,)-304(as)-292(the)-293(complement)-292(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(reward)-289(of)-289(virtue.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 90.343 3.959 Td [(2693)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.446 -3.959 Td [(But)-289(this)-289(aspect)-289(of)-290(immortality)-289(is)-289(dwelt)]TJ -110.789 -13.549 Td [(on)-195(at)-195(length)-195(in)-195(the)-195(remarkable)-195(treatise)-195(on)-195(the)-195(Delays)-195(of)-195(the)-195(Divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vengeance.)-243(The)-227(problem)-228(of)-227(hereditary)-228(guilt,)-232(and)-228(the)-227(punishment)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-318(the)-317(children)-318(for)-317(the)-318(sins)-317(of)-318(the)-317(fathers)-318(in)-317(this)-318(world,)-334(in)-317(view)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-335(the)-334(justice)-334(and)-335(benevolence)-334(of)-335(God,)-356(leads)-334(on)-334(to)-335(the)-334(thought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-340(another)-341(tribunal)-340(which)-340(may)-340(terribly)-341(correct)-340(the)-340(injustices)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 22.124 3.959 Td [(2694)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.802 -3.959 Td [(The)-392(doctrine)-391(of)-392(Divine)-392(providence)-391(and)-392(the)-392(doctrine)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -118.681 0 Td [([523])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(of)-298(immortality)-299(stand)-298(or)-299(fall)-298(together.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.021 3.959 Td [(2695)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.749 -3.959 Td [(God)-298(could)-299(not)-298(take)-299(so)]TJ -182.77 -13.549 Td [(much)-319(care)-318(for)-319(ephemeral)-319(souls,)-335(blooming)-319(for)-319(a)-318(brief)-319(space)-318(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(then)-287(withering)-287(away,)-296(as)-286(in)-287(the)-287(women)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 168.24 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-287(soon-fading)-287(gardens)-286(of)]TJ -171.873 -13.549 Td [(Adonis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.244 3.959 Td [(2696)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.268 -3.959 Td [(Above)-345(all,)-368(Apollo)-345(would)-345(be)-345(the)-344(greatest)-345(deceiver,)]TJ -56.512 -13.549 Td [(the)-273(god)-273(who)-274(has)-273(so)-273(often)-273(solemnly)-274(from)-273(the)-273(tripod)-273(ordered)-273(rites)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-350(expiation)-351(and)-350(posthumous)-350(honours)-350(to)-350(be)-351(paid)-350(to)-350(lofty)-350(souls)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(departed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.288 3.958 Td [(2697)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.375 -3.958 Td [(Yet,)-334(like)-318(his)-317(great)-318(master)-318(Plato,)-334(Plutarch)-317(felt)-318(that)]TJ -61.663 -13.55 Td [(the)-248(full)-248(assurance)-248(of)-248(the)-248(long)-248(dream)-248(of)-248(humanity)-248(lies)-248(beyond)-248(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(veil)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.364 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(that)-288(we)-288(know)-288(not)-289(what)-288(we)-288(shall)-288(be.)-364(And,)-298(like)-288(the)-288(master,)]TJ -27.273 -13.549 Td [(he)-421(invoked)-420(the)-421(apocalyptic)-420(power)-420(of)-421(the)-420(religious)-421(and)-420(poetic)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 187.24 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 180.427 Td [(2692)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.99 0 Td [(c.)-263(28,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.075 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\273\257\272\267\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.669 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\261\305\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.574 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-254(\307\261\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.288 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.937 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\300\277\303\304\265\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.84 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.201 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.08 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.915 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-254(\306\257\273\277\275)-254(\300\261\304\255\301\261)-255(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 68.805 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-242(\306\257\273\267\275)-241(\274\267\304\255\301\261)-242(\272\261\257)-242(\300\277\305)-242(\263\305\275\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 107.745 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\261)-242(\307\301\267\303\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.639 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.713 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\310\265\303\270\261\271)-242(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.788 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.955 0 Td [(\300\301\277\303\264\277\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.086 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275\304\265\302)-242(\274\267\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 31.908 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -277.644 -10.959 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\277\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.691 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\273\300\257\264\261)-228(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.988 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.701 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\274\271\273\257\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.247 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\265\257\275\267\302)-228(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.29 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.679 0 Td [(\306\271\273\277\306\301\277\303\315\275\267\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.895 0 Td [(#)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.589 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\307\277\305\303\271\275)-228(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.345 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.679 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.75 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.923 -10.958 Td [(\240\305\270\261\263\314\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.378 0 Td [(\263)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\240\273\254\304\311\275\271)-250(\264\277\276\254\266\277\275\304\265\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 75.9 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -132.124 -7.311 Td [(2693)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Consol.)-250(ad)-250(Apoll.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 65.015 0 Td [(c.)-250(36.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -79.71 -7.311 Td [(2694)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-374(Ser.)-623(Num.)-622(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 80.881 0 Td [(c.)-623(16:)-498(cf.)-622(Gr\351ard,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 73.288 0 Td [(De)-374(la)-374(Morale)-375(de)-374(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 86.256 0 Td [(p.)-623(283;)]TJ -252.381 -10.959 Td [(Oakesmith,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.335 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(of)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.083 0 Td [(p.)-250(111)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.157 -7.394 Td [(2695)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-292(Ser.)-376(N.)-292(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.279 0 Td [(v.)-376(c.)-376(17,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 33.614 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(7)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-292(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.742 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.954 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\306\267\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.055 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.954 0 Td [(\273\314\263\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.201 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.083 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.165 0 Td [(\270\265\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.705 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.165 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-292(\300\301\314\275\277\271\261\275)]TJ -239.097 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\264\271\261\274\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.27 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.643 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\301\311\300\257\275\267\302)-250(\310\305\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.99 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-250(\262\265\262\261\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.94 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -204.823 -7.31 Td [(2696)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(17)-250(\050560)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 38.349 0 Td [(F)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.57 0 Td [(\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.566 -7.311 Td [(2697)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(17,)-250(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2785 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2786 0 R /Resources 2784 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2783 0 R >> endobj 2787 0 obj << /D [2785 0 R /XYZ 320.821 337.856 null] >> endobj 2784 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2790 0 obj << /Length 5099 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(633)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(imagination)-250(to)-250(fortify)-250(the)-250(hesitating)-250(conclusions)-250(of)-250(the)-250(reason.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(The)-373(visionary)-372(power)-373(and)-373(charm)-372(of)-373(the)-373(great)-372(master,)-403(whose)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(reign)-253(was)-253(to)-253(be)-254(prolonged)-253(for)-253(ages)-253(after)-253(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 212.948 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-253(time,)-254(is)-253(seen,)]TJ -216.58 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-347(in)-347(a)-347(faint)-347(reflection,)-371(in)-347(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 179.604 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-347(mythical)-347(forecast)-347(of)]TJ -183.237 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(future)-312(of)-312(the)-312(soul.)-436(Plato)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 123.513 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-312(psychology,)-328(his)-312(sharp)-311(opposition)]TJ -127.145 -13.55 Td [(of)-325(the)-326(reason)-325(to)-325(the)-326(lower)-325(nature)-325(rooted)-325(in)-326(the)-325(flesh,)-344(his)-325(vision)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-335(the)-334(Eternal)-335(Goodness,)-356(his)-335(intensely)-334(moral)-335(conception)-335(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(responsibility)-212(of)-213(life)-212(on)-213(earth,)-220(its)-212(boundless)-213(possibilities)-212(of)-212(future)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unimpeded)-468(intuition,)-523(its)-469(possible)-468(eternal)-468(degradation)-468(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ages)-333(of)-332(cyclic)-333(change,)-353(all)-333(this,)-353(together)-332(with)-333(kindred)-332(elements,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(perhaps)-438(from)-438(the)-437(Semitic)-438(east,)-485(had)-437(left)-438(a)-438(profound)-438(effect)-437(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-258(minds.)-274(The)-258(greatness)-258(of)-258(S.)-258(Augustine)-258(is)-258(nowhere)-258(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apparent)-340(than)-341(in)-340(his)-340(frank)-340(recognition)-341(of)-340(the)-340(spiritual)-340(grandeur)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-324(Plato.)-473(And)-325(that)-324(great)-324(spirit,)-343(so)-325(agile)-324(in)-324(dialectic)-325(subtlety,)-342(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sublime)-273(in)-272(its)-273(power)-272(of)-273(rising)-272(above)-273(the)-272(cramping)-273(limitations)-272(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(our)-176(mortal)-175(life,)-190(is)-176(also,)-190(from)-176(its)-175(vivid)-176(poetic)-176(sympathy,)-190(most)-175(ready)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-261(aid)-261(weak)-260(ordinary)-261(souls)-261(to)-261(climb)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 157.477 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-261(altar)-260(stairs.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.162 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.688 0 Td [(Never)-261(was)]TJ -234.171 -13.549 Td [(pure)-310(detached)-311(intelligence)-310(wedded)-310(so)-311(harmoniously)-310(to)-310(glowing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination,)-454(never)-412(was)-413(ethereal)-413(truth)-413(so)-413(clothed)-413(in)-413(the)-412(warm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colouring)-224(and)-224(splendour)-224(of)-225(the)-224(world)-224(of)-224(sense.)-241(Where)-224(reason)-224(has)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(strained)-359(its)-358(utmost)-359(strength)-358(to)-359(solve)-359(the)-358(eternal)-359(riddle,)-385(ecstatic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vision)-323(and)-322(religious)-322(myth,)-341(transcending)-323(the)-322(limits)-323(of)-322(space)-322(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time,)-250(must)-250(be)-250(called)-250(in)-250(to)-250(lend)-250(their)-250(aid.)]TJ 11.956 -16.004 Td [(Plato)-385(and)-385(the)-385(Platonic)-385(Socrates)-385(are)-385(fully)-385(conscious)-385(that)-384(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(conclusions)-312(of)-312(philosophic)-311(reason)-312(on)-312(a)-311(future)-312(state)-312(can)-312(be)-311(only)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([524])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(tentative.)-864(And)-454(they)-455(often)-455(fall)-454(back)-455(on)-454(a)-455(divine)-455(doctrine,)-505(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tradition,)-390(or)-361(a)-362(mythopoeic)-362(power)-361(by)-362(which)-362(poetic)-361(imagination)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(peoples)-175(the)-176(dim)-175(regions)-175(of)-175(a)-175(world)-176(beyond)-175(the)-175(senses.)-225(The)-175(visions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-389(Timarchus)-389(and)-389(Thespesius)-388(in)-389(Plutarch)-389(are,)-424(like)-389(the)-388(Nekuia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-414(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 31.442 0 Td [(Phaedo)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.84 0 Td [(and)-414(of)-413(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 51.706 0 Td [(Republic)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.782 0 Td [(,)-454(an)-414(effort)-414(of)-413(the)-414(religious)]TJ -159.77 -13.549 Td [(imagination)-234(to)-233(penetrate)-234(the)-233(darkness)-234(from)-233(which)-234(reason)-233(recoils.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nor)-478(is)-477(the)-478(effort)-478(strange)-477(in)-478(one)-478(who,)-534(along)-478(with)-478(the)-477(purest)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(conception)-311(of)-310(an)-311(immaterial)-311(spirit,)-326(still)-310(believed)-311(in)-311(the)-310(efficacy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-406(legend)-406(and)-406(material)-407(symbol)-406(to)-406(reveal)-406(the)-406(truth)-406(which)-406(they)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2789 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2790 0 R /Resources 2788 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2783 0 R >> endobj 2791 0 obj << /D [2789 0 R /XYZ 308.005 188.085 null] >> endobj 2792 0 obj << /D [2789 0 R /XYZ 112.542 160.986 null] >> endobj 2788 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2795 0 obj << /Length 8001 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(634)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(veiled.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.389 3.959 Td [(2698)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -17.433 -22.556 Td [(Thespesius)-254(of)-254(Soli,)-255(a)-253(man)-254(of)-254(evil)-254(life,)-255(once)-254(fell)-254(from)-254(a)-253(height,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(was)-248(taken)-249(up)-248(for)-249(dead,)-248(but)-249(revived)-248(again)-248(on)-249(the)-248(third)-248(day,)-249(on)-248(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eve)-330(of)-330(his)-330(funeral.)-490(He)-330(came)-330(back)-330(to)-330(the)-330(living)-330(an)-329(altered)-330(man,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-357(a)-357(marvellous)-357(experience.)-570(His)-357(soul,)-384(on)-357(escaping)-357(from)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(body,)-394(was)-365(swept)-365(along)-366(a)-365(sea)-365(of)-365(light)-366(among)-365(the)-365(stars.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.974 3.959 Td [(2699)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.936 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(saw)-378(other)-378(souls)-378(emerging)-378(in)-378(the)-378(form)-378(of)-378(fiery)-378(bubbles,)-409(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(burst)-376(and)-376(gave)-376(forth)-377(a)-376(subtle)-376(form)-376(in)-376(the)-376(likeness)-376(of)-377(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2700)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Three)-365(or)-364(four)-365(he)-364(recognised,)-394(and)-364(would)-365(have)-364(spoken)-365(to)-364(them,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-365(they)-365(seemed)-365(delirious)-364(or)-365(senseless,)-394(and)-365(shrank)-365(away)-364(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him,)-227(forming)-222(in)-221(the)-222(end)-221(little)-222(companies)-222(of)-221(their)-222(own,)-227(who)-221(swept)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(along)-389(in)-388(wild)-389(disordered)-389(movements,)-423(uttering)-389(strange)-389(cries)-388(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wailing)-355(or)-355(terror.)-564(The)-355(soul)-355(of)-354(an)-355(old)-355(acquaintance)-355(then)-354(hailed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-413(and)-414(became)-413(his)-413(guide,)-454(pointing)-413(out)-414(that)-413(the)-413(souls)-413(of)-413(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(really)-244(dead)-244(cast)-243(no)-244(shadow,)-245(being)-244(perfectly)-243(pellucid,)-245(surrounded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-224(light.)-241(Yet)-224(some)-223(of)-224(them)-224(are)-223(marked)-224(with)-223(scales)-224(and)-224(weals)-223(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(blotches.)-541(Adrasteia)-347(is)-347(the)-348(inevitable)-347(judge)-347(of)-347(all,)-371(and,)-371(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(three)-463(ministers,)-517(three)-463(great)-463(classes)-463(of)-463(criminals)-463(receive)-463(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(proper)-273(doom.)-318(Some)-273(are)-273(punished)-273(swiftly)-272(on)-273(earth,)-279(another)-272(class)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meet)-271(with)-271(heavier)-270(judgment)-271(in)-271(the)-271(shades.)-312(The)-271(utterly)-270(incurable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-335(ruthlessly)-334(pursued)-335(by)-334(the)-335(Erinnys,)-355(and)-335(finally)-334(plunged)-335(in)-334(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dark)-299(abyss,)-310(of)-299(which)-299(the)-298(horrors)-299(might)-299(not)-298(be)-299(told.)-396(The)-298(second)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class)-175(undergo)-175(a)-175(fierce)-175(purgatorial)-175(cleansing,)-190(in)-175(which)-175(some)-175(spirits)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-365(all)-364(their)-365(stains)-364(wiped)-365(out)-364(and)-365(become)-364(clear)-365(and)-364(lustrous.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-351(where)-351(evil)-350(is)-351(more)-351(obstinate,)-376(and)-351(passion)-351(again)-351(and)-350(again)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(asserts)-251(its)-250(power,)-251(the)-250(soul)-251(long)-250(retains)-251(a)-250(colour)-250(appropriate)-251(to)-250(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(peculiar)-275(vice.)-325(The)-275(mean)-275(avaricious)-275(soul)-275(is)-275(dark)-275(and)-275(squalid;)-287(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([525])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(cruel)-206(is)-206(blood-red;)-221(the)-205(envious)-206(violet)-206(and)-206(livid.)-236(Short)-206(of)-206(the)-205(worst)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 131.879 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.067 Td [(2698)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.175 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-393(ii.)-593(pp.)-592(275,)-393(279;)-422(Jowett)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 97.175 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 6.754 0 Td [(Plato)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(,)-393(i.)-593(p.)-593(396;)-421(Pl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.61 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -255.479 -10.959 Td [(85)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 12.607 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 6.231 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(;)-484(60)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 19.439 0 Td [(B)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 6.231 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(;)-484(69)-406(C;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.552 0 Td [(Meno)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.056 0 Td [(81)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 12.607 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 6.832 0 Td [(Phaed.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.79 0 Td [(114)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 17.09 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.231 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.105 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-406(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.651 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)-406(\304\277\271\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.85 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ -272.067 -10.959 Td [(\264\271\271\303\307\305\301\257\303\261\303\270\261\271)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 61.483 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.031 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\265\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.306 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\300\301\255\300\265\271)-250(\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.139 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\307\277\275\304\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.103 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\264\301\257)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.763 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -230.064 -7.31 Td [(2699)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Ser.)-250(Num.)-250(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.973 0 Td [(c.)-250(22)-250(\050563)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 38.349 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.482 0 Td [(\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -149.436 -7.311 Td [(2700)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.944 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.796 0 Td [(\345)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\267\263\275\305\274\255\275\267\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 42.962 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\304\301\255\274\261)-361(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.536 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-361(\300\277\274\306\314\273\305\263\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.754 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.475 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\262\261\257\275\265\271\275)-361(\304\315\300\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 60.471 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\277\315\303\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -254.609 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\301\311\300\277\265\271\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.461 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 11.082 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.228 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\263\272\277\275)-250(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.85 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\304\261\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.349 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.063 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2794 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2795 0 R /Resources 2793 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2783 0 R >> endobj 2796 0 obj << /D [2794 0 R /XYZ 250.557 160.848 null] >> endobj 2793 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2799 0 obj << /Length 6206 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(635)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(eternal)-264(torture,)-268(souls)-264(with)-264(insatiable)-264(craving)-264(for)-264(fleshly)-264(delights,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gravitate)-250(to)-250(a)-250(birth)-250(into)-250(low)-250(animal)-250(forms.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.411 3.959 Td [(2701)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -170.455 -19.171 Td [(Thespesius)-295(and)-294(his)-295(guide)-295(are)-294(then)-295(swept)-295(on)-294(wings)-295(of)-295(light)-295(t)1(o)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(other)-273(and)-274(less)-273(gloomy)-273(scenes.)-320(Over)-274(the)-273(chasm)-273(of)-273(Forgetfulness,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(clothed)-390(in)-389(its)-390(recesses)-390(with)-389(flowers)-390(and)-390(herbs)-389(which)-390(exhale)-389(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fragrant)-261(odour,)-263(the)-261(opening)-261(through)-261(which)-261(Dionysus)-261(had)-260(passed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-259(his)-260(place)-259(among)-260(the)-259(gods,)-262(floated)-259(a)-260(cloud)-259(of)-260(spirits)-259(like)-259(birds,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(drinking)-417(in)-417(the)-418(fragrance)-417(with)-417(mirth)-417(and)-418(gladness.)-751(On)-417(again)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-340(passed,)-362(till)-339(they)-340(came)-340(to)-339(a)-340(crater)-340(which)-339(received)-340(the)-339(flow)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-211(many-coloured)-210(streams,)-218(snow-white)-211(or)-210(rainbow-hued,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.057 3.959 Td [(2702)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.821 -3.959 Td [(and)]TJ -264.878 -13.549 Td [(hard)-349(by)-350(was)-349(the)-350(oracle)-349(of)-350(Night)-349(and)-349(Selene,)-375(from)-349(which)-349(issue)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dreams)-309(and)-309(phantoms)-309(to)-309(wander)-309(among)-309(men.)-427(Then)-308(Thespesius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-190(dazzled)-189(with)-190(the)-190(radiance)-189(which)-190(shot)-190(from)-189(the)-190(Delphic)-189(tripod)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upwards)-245(to)-245(the)-245(peaks)-245(of)-244(Parnassus;)-247(and,)-246(blinded)-245(by)-245(the)-244(radiance,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-301(could)-302(only)-301(hear)-302(the)-301(shrill)-302(voice)-301(of)-302(a)-301(woman)-302(chanting)-301(a)-301(song)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-282(seemed)-282(to)-283(tell)-282(of)-282(the)-282(hour)-282(of)-282(his)-283(own)-282(death.)-346(The)-282(woman,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-253(guide)-253(explai)1(ned,)-254(was)-253(the)-252(Sibyl)-253(who)-253(dwells)-253(on)-252(the)-253(face)-253(of)-252(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moon.)-449(The)-316(sweep)-317(of)-316(the)-316(moon)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.773 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-316(onward)-317(course)-316(prevented)-316(him)]TJ -141.406 -13.549 Td [(catching)-325(the)-324(Sibyl)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.414 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-325(words)-324(to)-325(the)-325(full,)-343(but)-324(he)-325(heard)-325(a)-324(prophecy)]TJ -84.046 -13.549 Td [(of)-290(the)-290(desolation)-290(of)-290(Campania)-290(by)-290(the)-290(fires)-290(of)-290(Vesuvius,)-300(and)-290(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death)-250(of)-250(the)-250(emperor.)]TJ 11.956 -15.212 Td [(Other)-253(scenes)-253(of)-252(punishment)-253(follow,)-254(among)-253(which)-253(Thespesi)1(us)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(saw)-378(his)-378(own)-378(father)-378(rising)-378(from)-378(the)-378(abyss,)-410(covered)-378(with)-378(weals)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-295(marks)-296(of)-295(torture)-295(which)-295(had)-295(been)-296(inflicted)-295(for)-295(a)-295(long-buried)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crime.)-323(Finally,)-280(the)-275(friendly)-274(guide)-274(vanished,)-281(and)-274(Thespesius)-274(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forced)-304(onwards)-303(by)-304(dread)-303(spectral)-303(forms)-304(to)-303(witness)-304(fresh)-303(scenes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-259(torment.)-277(The)-259(hypocrite)-259(who)-259(had)-259(hidden)-259(his)-259(vices)-259(under)-259(a)-259(veil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-304(decorum)-303(was)-303(forced,)-317(with)-304(infinite)-303(pain)-304(of)-303(contortion,)-317(to)-303(turn)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(out)-341(his)-342(inmost)-341(soul.)-524(The)-341(avaricious)-342(were)-341(plunged)-341(by)-341(daemons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-253(turns)-253(in)-252(three)-253(lakes,)-253(one)-253(of)-253(boiling)-253(gold,)-253(one)-253(of)-253(freezing)-252(lead,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-224(one)-223(of)-224(hardest)-224(iron.)-241(But)-224(the)-223(worst)-224(fate)-224(of)-223(all)-224(was)-224(reserved)-223(for)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.03 Td [(2701)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Ser.)-250(Num.)-250(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.973 0 Td [(c.)-250(22)-250(\050565\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -105.605 -7.311 Td [(2702)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.954 0 Td [(c.)-251(22)-250(\050566\051,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.59 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\264\277\276\265\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.243 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\306\277\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.472 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)-250(\272\301\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.212 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\301\261)-250(\274\255\263\261\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 33.348 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.487 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-250(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.197 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.01 0 Td [(\304\277\315\304\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.977 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274\262\254\273\273\277\275\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -239.582 -10.959 Td [(\345)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.286 0 Td [(\265\315\274\261\304\261)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.512 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\306\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.472 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.787 0 Td [(\270\261\273\254\303\303\267\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.883 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.03 0 Td [(\307\271\314\275\311\275)-250(\273\261\274\300\301\314\304\265\301\277\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 93.133 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2798 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2799 0 R /Resources 2797 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2783 0 R >> endobj 2797 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2802 0 obj << /Length 8292 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(636)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(those)-266(whose)-266(sins)-266(had)-266(been)-266(visited)-266(on)-266(their)-266(innocent)-266(descendants)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upon)-222(earth,)-227(who)-222(pursued)-222(them)-221(with)-222(curses,)-227(or)-222(clung)-222(around)-221(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-235(clouds)-235(like)-235(bees)-236(or)-235(bats,)-238(keeping)-235(ever)-235(poignant)-235(the)-235(memory)-235(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([526])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(transmitted)-250(guilt)-250(and)-250(suffering.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.142 3.958 Td [(2703)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -123.186 -18.564 Td [(The)-520(vision)-521(of)-520(Timarchus,)-588(in)-520(the)-520(piece)-521(on)-520(the)-520(Genius)-520(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Socrates,)-304(has)-292(a)-293(rather)-293(different)-293(motive)-293(from)-293(that)-293(which)-292(inspired)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-271(vision)-271(of)-270(Thespesius.)-313(Thespesius)-270(came)-271(back)-271(with)-271(a)-270(message)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-478(to)-479(the)-478(endless)-478(consequences)-479(of)-478(sin)-478(in)-479(worlds)-478(beyond)-478(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(senses,)-307(and)-296(the)-296(far-reaching)-296(responsibilities)-296(of)-296(the)-296(life)-296(on)-295(earth.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-347(experiences)-346(of)-347(Timarchus)-347(in)-347(the)-346(cave)-347(of)-347(Trophonius)-346(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intended)-367(to)-368(teach)-367(the)-367(doctrine)-368(of)-367(the)-367(existence,)-397(apart)-367(from)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lower)-324(powers)-324(akin)-324(to)-324(fleshly)-324(nature,)-342(of)-324(the)-324(pure)-324(intelligence)-323(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(daemon,)-436(which,)-436(coming)-399(from)-398(the)-399(Divine)-399(world,)-436(can)-399(catch)-398(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(voices)-176(and)-176(transmit)-177(them)-176(to)-176(the)-176(mortal)-177(life)-176(here)-176(below.)-225(Timarchus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-364(the)-364(descent)-364(into)-365(the)-364(cave)-364(of)-364(Trophonius)-364(and)-364(spent)-364(in)-364(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(weird)-399(darkness)-399(two)-398(nights)-399(and)-399(a)-399(day,)-435(during)-399(which)-399(he)-399(saw)-398(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wondrous)-444(revelation)-445(of)-444(the)-444(spirit-world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.696 3.959 Td [(2704)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.524 -3.959 Td [(His)-444(higher)-445(part,)]TJ -208.22 -13.549 Td [(escaping)-234(from)-234(the)-233(sutures)-234(of)-234(the)-234(head,)-237(emerged)-234(in)-234(pellucid)-233(ether.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-186(was)-185(no)-186(trace)-186(of)-185(earthly)-186(scenery,)-198(but)-186(countless)-186(islands)-185(swept)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(around)-302(him,)-314(gleaming)-301(with)-302(the)-301(shifting)-302(colours)-301(of)-302(lambent)-301(fire,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(amid)-253(tones)-252(coming)-253(from)-253(ethereal)-252(distances.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 189.81 3.959 Td [(2705)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.253 -3.959 Td [(From)-253(a)-252(yawning)]TJ -209.063 -13.549 Td [(abyss)-428(of)-428(surging)-427(darkness)-428(arose)-428(endless)-428(wailings)-428(and)-427(moans.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(An)-350(unseen)-351(guide)-350(explained)-351(to)-350(him)-351(the)-350(fourfold)-351(division)-350(of)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(universe)-318(and)-317(the)-318(boundaries)-318(of)-317(its)-318(provinces.)-453(High)-317(above)-318(all)-317(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-188(sphere)-187(of)-188(the)-187(One)-188(and)-187(the)-188(Invisible.)-229(Next)-187(in)-188(order)-187(is)-188(the)-187(region)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-234(pure)-235(mind,)-237(of)-235(which)-234(the)-234(Sun)-235(is)-234(lord.)-245(The)-234(third)-235(is)-234(the)-234(debatable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(land)-258(between)-258(pure)-257(intelligence)-258(and)-258(the)-258(sensible)-258(and)-257(mortal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 256.39 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 153.881 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.068 Td [(2703)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.634 0 Td [(De)-573(Ser.)-1220(Num.)-1220(Vind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 95.165 0 Td [(c.)-1220(22)-573(\050567)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 52.844 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(\051,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.093 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\311\275)-573(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.083 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.906 0 Td [(\300\254\303\307\265\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -251.615 -10.958 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\273\265\263\265\275)-642(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.289 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\304\301\314\304\261\304\261)-642(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 43.914 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.408 0 Td [($)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\264\267)-642(\264\277\272\277\315\303\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.58 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\306\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.487 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\270\261\271)-642(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.712 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)-641(\224\257\272\267\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.2 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.994 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(6)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.738 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\270\271\302)]TJ -269.862 -10.959 Td [(\303\305\273\273\261\274\262\261\275\277\274\255\275\261\302\207)-355(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 77.474 0 Td [(V)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\261\271)-355(\264)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 18.673 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.166 0 Td [(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\303\261\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.718 0 Td [(g)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-355(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.491 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-355(\304\271\275\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.419 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272\263\314\275\277\305\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.691 0 Td [(")]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.967 0 Td [(\300\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.424 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.839 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.967 0 Td [(\300\277\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.364 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.842 -10.959 Td [(\300\265\301\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.405 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\273\270\265\275)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.924 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.856 -7.311 Td [(2704)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-313(Pausan.)-313(ix.)-313(39,)-277(\247)-271(5;)-281(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 119.544 0 Td [(Apoll.)-313(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 47.084 0 Td [(viii.)-313(19;)-282(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.497 0 Td [(De)-271(Gen.)-313(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -229.081 -10.959 Td [(c.)-250(21,)-250(22)-250(\050589,)-250(590\051;)-250(cf.)-250(Gardner)-250(and)-250(Jevons,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 162.355 0 Td [(Greek)-250(Antiq.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.059 0 Td [(pp.)-250(267-8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -213.153 -7.394 Td [(2705)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.366 0 Td [(De)-378(Gen.)-632(Socr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.752 0 Td [(c.)-633(22)-377(\050590\051,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.579 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\261\262\273\255\310\261\302)-377(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 44.181 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.15 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-377(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.763 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-378(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.19 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-377(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.396 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264\261\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.3 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\272\261\270\277\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.506 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\275\256\303\277\305\302)-250(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.826 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.008 0 Td [(\273\261\274\300\277\274\255\275\261\302)-250(\274\261\273\261\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 70.762 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\300\305\301\257)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.589 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2801 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2802 0 R /Resources 2800 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2783 0 R >> endobj 2803 0 obj << /D [2801 0 R /XYZ 93.543 491.077 null] >> endobj 2800 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2806 0 obj << /Length 4820 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(637)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(region)-242(of)-242(soul,)-244(whose)-242(mistress)-242(is)-242(the)-242(moon.)-247(Styx)-242(is)-242(the)-242(boundary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(between)-375(this)-375(lunar)-375(kingdom)-375(and)-376(the)-375(low)-375(world)-375(of)-375(matter,)-406(sin,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-337(death.)-509(The)-337(three)-337(realms)-336(beneath)-337(the)-336(highest)-337(correspond)-336(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-398(three)-397(elements)-398(of)-398(our)-398(composite)-397(nature,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 198.417 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(mind,)-435(soul,)-434(and)]TJ -209.326 -13.55 Td [(body.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.546 3.959 Td [(2706)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.02 -3.959 Td [(This)-210(mortal)-210(life)-210(is)-209(a)-210(temporary)-210(and)-210(unequal)-210(partnership)]TJ -43.566 -13.549 Td [(of)-308(the)-307(Divine)-308(reason)-307(with)-308(the)-308(lower)-307(appetites,)-322(which)-308(have)-307(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(roots)-365(in)-365(the)-365(flesh.)-594(It)-365(is)-365(an)-364(exile,)-394(an)-365(imprisonment;)-422(it)-365(is)-365(also)-364(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probation)-163(of)-164(the)-163(higher)-163(part)-163(of)-164(human)-163(nature,)-181(and)-163(its)-163(escape)-163(comes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-375(it)-375(by)-376(a)-375(twofold)-375(death.)-625(The)-376(first,)-406(imperfect)-375(and)-375(incomplete,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([527])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(is)-325(the)-326(severance)-325(of)-326(soul)-325(from)-325(body)-326(in)-325(what)-325(men)-326(call)-325(death,)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(falling)-192(away)-191(of)-192(the)-191(gross)-192(wrappings)-191(of)-191(matter.)-231(This)-191(death)-192(is)-191(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-248(sway)-248(of)-248(Demeter.)-250(The)-248(second,)-248(under)-248(the)-248(care)-248(of)-248(Persephone,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-248(a)-249(slower)-248(process,)-248(in)-249(which)-248(the)-248(ethereal)-248(reason,)-249(the)-248(true)-248(eternal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(personality)-463(of)-463(man,)-516(is)-462(finally)-463(released)-463(from)-463(association)-462(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-324(passionate)-323(and)-324(sensitive)-323(nature,)-342(which)-324(is)-324(akin)-323(to)-324(the)-323(bodily)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(organism.)-571(After)-357(the)-356(first)-357(corporeal)-357(death,)-384(all)-357(souls)-357(wander)-356(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-340(time)-340(in)-339(the)-340(space)-340(between)-340(the)-339(moon)-340(and)-340(earth.)-519(In)-340(the)-339(vision)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-267(Timarchus,)-270(he)-267(saw)-266(over)-267(the)-266(chasm)-267(of)-266(darkness)-267(a)-266(host)-267(of)-266(stars)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-357(a)-357(curious)-357(variety)-357(of)-358(motion.)-571(Some)-357(shot)-357(up)-357(from)-357(the)-357(gulf)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-348(a)-348(straight)-348(decided)-347(impetus.)-544(Others)-348(wavered)-348(in)-347(deflexions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-382(right)-383(or)-382(left,)-416(or,)-415(after)-383(an)-382(upward)-383(movement,)-415(plunged)-382(again)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-250(the)-251(abyss.)-251(These)-250(motions,)-250(as)-251(the)-250(invisible)-250(guide)-250(expounded,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(represent)-349(the)-348(various)-348(tendencies)-349(of)-348(souls,)-374(corresponding)-348(to)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strength)-230(or)-229(weakness)-230(of)-230(the)-229(spiritual)-230(force)-230(within)-230(them.)-243(All)-229(souls)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(have)-245(an)-246(element)-245(of)-246(the)-245(Divine)-245(reason,)-247(but)-245(it)-246(is)-245(variously)-245(blended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-267(the)-267(baser)-266(elements)-267(in)-267(different)-267(natures.)-300(In)-267(some)-267(it)-266(becomes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(completely)-237(sunk)-237(and)-238(absorbed)-237(in)-237(the)-237(life)-237(of)-237(the)-238(senses.)-245(In)-237(others,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-421(rational)-422(part)-421(holds)-421(itself)-421(above)-422(the)-421(lower)-421(bodily)-421(life,)-464(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(maintains)-211(an)-211(almost)-211(separate)-211(existence.)-237(And)-211(yet)-211(there)-211(are)-211(natures)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-378(which)-379(the)-378(rational)-379(and)-378(irrational)-379(elements)-378(wage)-379(a)-378(long)-378(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(indecisive)-343(conflict)-342(until,)-366(slowly,)-365(at)-343(last,)-365(the)-343(passions)-342(recognise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-245(rightful)-244(master,)-246(and)-244(become)-245(obedient)-244(to)-245(the)-244(heavenly)-244(voice)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(2706)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(\050591\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2805 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2806 0 R /Resources 2804 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2808 0 R >> endobj 2807 0 obj << /D [2805 0 R /XYZ 164.66 409.782 null] >> endobj 2804 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2811 0 obj << /Length 4777 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(638)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(within.)-230(The)-190(debased)-190(and)-189(hopeless)-190(souls,)-202(rising)-190(for)-190(a)-190(moment)-189(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death,)-377(are)-351(repelled)-351(with)-352(fierce)-351(angry)-352(flashes)-351(by)-351(the)-352(moon,)-376(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fall)-280(back)-281(again)-280(to)-280(the)-280(world)-281(of)-280(sense)-280(and)-280(corruption,)-288(to)-280(undergo)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-300(second)-301(birth.)-401(The)-300(purer)-300(souls)-301(are)-300(received)-300(by)-301(her)-300(for)-300(a)-300(loftier)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(destiny.)-258(In)-252(some,)-253(the)-253(pure)-252(spiritual)-253(part)-252(is)-253(finally)-252(released)-253(by)-252(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(love)-257(of)-258(the)-257(Sun)-257(from)-258(the)-257(lower)-257(powers)-257(of)-258(the)-257(soul,)-259(which)-257(wither)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-295(fade)-294(away)-295(as)-294(the)-295(body)-294(does)-295(on)-295(earth.)-383(Others,)-306(still)-294(retaining)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-193(composite)-192(nature,)-204(though)-193(no)-193(longer)-192(tainted)-193(by)-193(the)-192(flesh,)-204(dwell)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-344(the)-345(moon)-344(as)-344(daemons,)-368(but)-344(often)-344(revisit)-345(the)-344(earth)-344(on)-344(various)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(missions,)-269(to)-265(furnish)-265(inspiration)-265(to)-265(oracles)-265(and)-265(mysteries,)-268(to)-265(save)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(men)-325(from)-325(crime)-325(or)-326(to)-325(punish,)-344(to)-325(help)-325(the)-325(struggling)-325(by)-325(land)-325(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sea.)-507(But)-336(even)-335(the)-336(daemons)-335(may)-336(fall)-336(from)-335(their)-336(high)-336(estate.)-506(If,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-373(their)-372(duties)-373(of)-373(providence)-372(and)-373(succour,)-403(they)-373(show)-373(anger)-372(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(favour)-404(or)-403(envy,)-442(they)-404(may)-404(be)-403(thrust)-404(down)-404(once)-403(more)-404(into)-403(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([528])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(purgatory)-250(of)-250(material)-250(form.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 119.367 3.959 Td [(2707)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -107.411 -22.58 Td [(It)-308(may)-307(well)-308(be)-308(that)-307(the)-308(unsympathetic)-308(critic)-307(will)-308(regard)-307(such)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(an)-473(imaginative)-473(invasion)-473(of)-473(the)-473(unseen)-473(as)-473(a)-473(freak)-473(of)-472(lawless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fancy,)-362(hardly)-340(worth)-340(chronicling.)-520(And)-340(like)-340(all)-340(similar)-339(attempts,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-390(apocalypse)-389(of)-390(Plutarch)-390(may)-389(easily)-390(be)-390(treated)-389(with)-390(an)-389(airy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ridicule.)-809(To)-436(a)-437(more)-436(serious)-436(criticism,)-483(it)-436(seems)-437(vitiated)-436(by)-436(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(radical)-171(inconsistency.)-224(Starting)-171(with)-171(the)-171(principle)-171(of)-171(the)-171(absolutely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immaterial)-295(nature)-295(of)-295(the)-294(immortal)-295(part)-295(of)-295(man,)-306(it)-295(yet)-295(depicts)-294(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(future)-365(existence)-364(in)-365(the)-365(warmest)-364(colours)-365(of)-365(the)-364(world)-365(of)-364(sense.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Its)-429(struggles,)-474(its)-428(tortures,)-474(its)-429(beatitude)-429(are)-429(described)-429(in)-428(terms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-310(might)-310(seem)-310(fitting)-310(only)-311(to)-310(a)-310(corporeal)-310(nature.)-430(All)-310(this)-310(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(true;)-440(and)-376(yet)-377(the)-376(answer)-377(which)-376(Plutarch)-377(would)-376(probably)-376(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-400(to)-400(any)-400(such)-400(cavils)-400(is)-400(very)-400(simple.)-700(How)-400(can)-400(you)-400(speak)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-321(pure)-320(disembodied)-320(spirit)-321(at)-320(all,)-338(how)-321(can)-320(you)-321(imagine)-320(it,)-338(save)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-288(the)-289(symbolism)-288(of)-288(ordinary)-289(speech?)-365(Refine)-288(and)-288(subtilise)-288(your)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(language)-214(to)-213(the)-214(very)-213(uttermost,)-221(and)-213(it)-214(will)-213(still)-214(retain)-213(associations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-414(reminiscences,)-456(however)-414(faint)-414(and)-415(distant,)-455(of)-414(the)-414(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world.)-767(Myth)-422(and)-423(symbol)-422(are)-422(necessary)-423(to)-422(any)-422(expression)-422(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 69.951 Td [(2707)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Fac.)-250(in)-250(Orb.)-250(Lun.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 77.702 0 Td [(c.)-250(30.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2810 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2811 0 R /Resources 2809 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2808 0 R >> endobj 2812 0 obj << /D [2810 0 R /XYZ 191.856 342.036 null] >> endobj 2809 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2815 0 obj << /Length 1222 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(II.)-250(Belief)-250(in)-250(immortality)-14613(639)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(human)-306(thought)-306(alike)-306(about)-306(God)-306(and)-306(the)-306(future)-306(of)-306(the)-306(soul.)-417(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Infinite)-334(Spirit)-335(and)-334(the)-334(future)-335(destiny)-334(of)-334(the)-334(finite,)-356(which)-334(is)-334(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(child,)-285(are)-278(equally)-278(beyond)-278(the)-278(range)-278(of)-278(human)-278(sense)-278(and)-277(speech.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(When)-184(the)-184(human)-184(spirit)-183(has)-184(exhausted)-184(all)-184(its)-184(efforts)-184(of)-183(imagination)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-374(pierce)-374(the)-374(darkness)-375(of)-374(the)-374(world)-374(beyond)-374(the)-374(grave,)-405(it)-374(takes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(refuge)-334(in)-334(some)-334(religious)-333(system)-334(which)-334(claims)-334(to)-334(have)-334(a)-333(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(message)-373(and)-374(speaks)-373(in)-373(the)-373(tones)-374(of)-373(another)-373(world.)-620(The)-373(voice)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-291(eternity)-291(came)-291(to)-290(troubled)-291(heathendom)-291(from)-291(Egypt)-291(and)-290(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(East.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2814 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2815 0 R /Resources 2813 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2808 0 R >> endobj 2813 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2816 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index18) >> endobj 2819 0 obj (III. The old Roman religion) endobj 2822 0 obj << /Length 3730 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 20.788 512.7 Td [([529])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 167.043 -33.437 Td [(CHAPTER)-278(III)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -41.03 -50.734 Td [(THE)-266(OLD)-266(ROMAN)-266(RELIGION)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -53.258 -29.328 Td [(It)-294(is)-293(well)-294(known)-293(that,)-305(from)-293(the)-294(second)-293(Punic)-294(War)-293(to)-294(the)-293(revival)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-391(Augustus,)-427(old)-391(Roman)-391(religion)-391(was)-391(falling)-391(into)-391(decay.)-673(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sweeping)-452(assertions)-452(about)-452(the)-452(religious)-452(condition)-452(of)-452(any)-452(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-332(he)-331(taken)-332(with)-332(some)-332(reserve.)-495(They)-331(are)-332(often)-332(unsafe)-331(about)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-319(contemporary)-320(society;)-354(they)-319(must)-319(be)-319(still)-320(more)-319(so)-319(with)-319(regard)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-374(a)-374(society)-374(which)-374(is)-374(known)-374(to)-374(us)-374(almost)-374(entirely)-374(through)-374(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(literary)-281(remains)-282(of)-281(a)-281(comparatively)-281(small)-281(cultivated)-282(class.)-343(Even)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(among)-334(that)-335(limited)-334(circle,)-356(we)-334(can)-334(know)-335(only)-334(the)-335(opinions)-334(of)-334(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(few,)-338(and)-320(hardly)-321(anything)-320(of)-321(its)-320(silent)-320(members,)-338(still)-321(less)-320(of)-320(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feelings)-304(of)-304(its)-303(women)-304(and)-304(dependents.)-411(A)-304(deep)-304(shadow)-304(rests)-303(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-377(remote)-377(granges)-377(and)-377(quiet)-377(country)-377(towns)-377(in)-377(Samnium)-377(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lombardy)-418(where)-418(character)-417(remained)-418(untainted)-418(in)-418(the)-418(days)-417(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Nero)-308(or)-307(Domitian,)-322(and)-308(where)-307(the)-308(religion)-308(of)-307(Numa)-308(long)-307(defied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-305(penal)-305(edicts)-304(of)-305(Theodosius)-305(and)-305(Honorius.)-414(Lucretius,)-318(whose)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mission)-297(it)-296(was)-297(to)-297(liberate)-297(men)-296(from)-297(the)-297(terrors)-296(of)-297(old)-297(Latin)-296(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Etrurian)-343(superstition,)-365(was)-343(not)-343(contending)-342(against)-343(an)-342(imaginary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foe.)-524(The)-342(sombre)-341(enthusiasm)-341(which)-342(he)-341(throws)-342(into)-341(the)-341(conflict)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reveals)-326(the)-327(strength)-326(of)-327(the)-326(enemy.)-479(The)-327(grandmother)-326(of)-326(Atticus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-181(Terentia,)-195(the)-181(wife)-181(of)-181(Cicero,)-195(were)-180(timorous)-181(devotees.)-227(Among)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-273(aristocratic)-272(augurs)-273(of)-273(Cicero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 140.955 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-273(day)-272(there)-273(were)-273(firm)-273(believers)]TJ -144.588 -13.549 Td [(in)-464(the)-465(sacred)-464(birds;)-572(and)-464(Lentulus,)-518(a)-465(confederate)-464(of)-464(Catiline,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trusted)-250(implicitly)-250(in)-250(the)-250(oracles)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Sibyl.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.12 3.958 Td [(2708)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -180.164 -18.045 Td [(Still)-274(there)-275(can)-274(be)-275(no)-274(doubt)-274(that)-275(in)-274(the)-275(governing)-274(and)-274(thinking)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(class)-383(of)-384(the)-383(last)-384(century)-383(of)-383(the)-384(Republic,)-417(scepticism)-383(and)-383(even)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 69.951 Td [(2708)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(67.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2821 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2822 0 R /Resources 2820 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2808 0 R >> endobj 136 0 obj << /D [2821 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 2817 0 obj << /D [2821 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 2820 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2825 0 obj << /Length 4867 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(641)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(open)-306(contempt)-306(for)-307(the)-306(old)-306(religion)-306(were)-307(rampant.)-418(Many)-306(causes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-431(at)-432(work)-431(to)-431(produce)-432(this)-431(decadence)-431(of)-432(old)-431(Roman)-431(faith.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([530])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(It)-344(was)-344(hardly)-344(possible)-344(for)-344(the)-344(cultivated)-344(Roman)-344(of)-344(the)-344(days)-343(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Scipio)-411(Aemilianus,)-452(or)-412(of)-411(Cicero)-411(and)-412(Caesar,)-452(who)-411(had)-411(fought)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-317(travelled)-316(in)-317(many)-316(lands,)-333(and)-317(studied)-316(their)-317(mythologies)-316(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophies,)-506(to)-455(acquiesce)-455(in)-454(the)-455(faith)-455(of)-455(the)-455(simple)-454(farmers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-382(Latium,)-414(who)-382(founded)-381(the)-382(Ambarvalia)-381(and)-382(Lupercalia,)-414(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offered)-222(the)-222(entrails)-222(of)-222(a)-222(dog)-222(to)-222(Robigus)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.051 3.959 Td [(2709)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.861 -3.959 Td [(and)-222(milk)-222(to)-222(Pales)-222(and)]TJ -187.912 -13.549 Td [(Silvanus,)-308(who)-297(worshipped)-296(Jupiter)-297(Feretrius)-296(under)-297(the)-296(mountain)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(oak.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 18.48 3.959 Td [(2710)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.895 -3.959 Td [(Since)-272(those)-273(far-off)-272(days,)-278(Latium)-272(had)-272(come)-272(under)-273(many)]TJ -38.375 -13.549 Td [(influences,)-390(and)-362(added)-361(many)-362(new)-362(deities)-362(to)-361(her)-362(pantheon.)-585(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gods)-243(of)-244(Hellas)-243(had)-244(come)-243(to)-244(be)-243(identified)-244(with)-243(the)-244(gods)-243(of)-243(Rome,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-306(to)-306(share)-306(their)-306(honours.)-418(Syncretism)-306(had)-306(been)-306(at)-306(work)-306(in)-306(Italy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(centuries)-417(before)-418(the)-417(days)-417(of)-418(Plutarch)-417(and)-417(Aristides.)-752(And)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(old)-261(Italian)-261(deities,)-264(who)-261(had)-261(only)-261(a)-261(shadowy)-261(personality,)-263(with)-261(no)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(poetry)-253(of)-253(legend)-253(to)-253(invest)-253(them)-253(with)-253(human)-254(interest,)-253(melted)-253(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-331(another)-332(or)-331(into)-332(forms)-331(of)-331(alien)-332(mythology.)-494(Greek)-331(literature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(became)-353(familiar)-353(to)-353(the)-353(educated)-353(from)-353(the)-354(Hannibalic)-353(war,)-378(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-346(writer)-346(like)-346(Euripides,)-369(who)-346(had)-346(a)-346(great)-346(popularity,)-370(must)-345(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(influenced)-328(many)-328(by)-328(the)-327(audacious)-328(skill)-328(with)-328(which)-328(he)-327(lowered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-467(dignity)-468(and)-467(dimmed)-467(the)-468(radiance)-467(of)-467(the)-468(great)-467(figures)-467(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-257(legend.)-271(The)-257(comic)-257(stage)-257(improved)-257(upon)-257(the)-257(lesson.)-270(Early)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-322(the)-321(second)-322(century)-322(Ennius)-322(translated)-321(the)-322(Sacred)-322(Histories)-321(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Euhemerus,)-208(and)-197(familiarised)-198(his)-197(countrymen)-197(with)-198(a)-197(theory)-197(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reduced)-301(Jupiter)-300(and)-300(Saturn,)-314(Faunus)-300(and)-300(Hercules,)-314(to)-300(the)-300(stature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-392(earthly)-392(kings)-392(and)-392(warriors.)-676(But)-392(Greek)-392(philosophy)-392(was)-391(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-373(solvent)-374(of)-373(faith.)-620(The)-373(systems)-373(of)-374(the)-373(New)-373(Academy)-373(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Epicurus)-351(were)-351(openly)-352(or)-351(insidiously)-351(hostile)-351(to)-351(religious)-351(belief.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-311(they)-310(had)-311(not)-311(so)-310(long)-311(and)-310(powerful)-311(a)-311(reign)-310(over)-311(the)-310(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind)-368(as)-368(Stoicism,)-398(and,)-397(although)-368(the)-368(earlier)-368(Stoicism)-368(extended)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-335(philosophic)-334(patronage)-335(to)-334(popular)-335(religion,)-356(it)-334(may)-335(be)-334(doubted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-321(it)-322(stimulated)-321(faith.)-464(There)-322(was)-321(indeed)-322(a)-321(certain)-321(affinity)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.071 Td [(2709)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(W.)-250(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.832 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.296 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(89.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -110.823 -7.311 Td [(2710)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(229.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2824 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2825 0 R /Resources 2823 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2808 0 R >> endobj 2826 0 obj << /D [2824 0 R /XYZ 304.678 504.626 null] >> endobj 2823 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2829 0 obj << /Length 6052 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(642)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(between)-329(Stoical)-329(doctrine)-328(and)-329(old)-329(Roman)-329(religion,)-348(as)-329(there)-328(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(between)-403(Stoic)-404(morals)-403(and)-404(old)-403(Roman)-404(character.)-710(In)-403(resolving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-376(gods)-375(by)-376(allegory)-376(and)-375(pseudo-scientific)-376(theory)-376(into)-375(various)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(potencies)-286(of)-286(the)-286(great)-285(World-Soul,)-295(the)-286(follower)-286(of)-286(Zeno)-286(did)-285(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(seem)-204(to)-205(do)-204(much)-205(violence)-204(to)-204(the)-205(vaguely)-204(personified)-204(abstractions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-190(the)-191(old)-190(Latin)-190(creed.)-230(Above)-191(all,)-202(with)-190(the)-191(exception)-190(of)-190(Panaetius,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-212(Stoic)-213(doctors)-212(did)-213(not)-212(throw)-212(doubt)-213(on)-212(the)-213(powers)-212(of)-212(divination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-242(augury,)-244(so)-243(essential)-242(an)-242(element)-243(in)-242(the)-242(religion)-243(of)-242(Rome.)-247(The)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([531])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(power)-208(to)-208(read)-208(the)-208(future)-208(was)-208(a)-208(natural)-208(corollary)-208(to)-208(the)-207(providence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-297(benevolence)-296(of)-297(the)-297(gods.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.977 3.959 Td [(2711)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.695 -3.959 Td [(Yet,)-308(although)-297(the)-297(Stoic)-297(might)]TJ -149.672 -13.549 Td [(strive)-483(to)-482(discover)-483(the)-482(germ)-483(of)-482(truth,)-541(he)-483(did)-482(not)-483(conceal)-482(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-255(for)-256(the)-255(husk)-255(of)-255(mythology)-256(in)-255(which)-255(it)-256(was)-255(hidden,)-256(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-250(many)-250(of)-250(the)-250(practices)-250(of)-250(worship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.476 3.959 Td [(2712)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -149.52 -18.427 Td [(Quintus)-360(Scaevola)-361(and)-360(Varro)-361(applied)-360(all)-361(the)-360(forces)-361(of)-360(subtle)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(antiquarianism)-309(and)-309(reverence)-309(to)-309(sustain)-309(the)-309(ancestral)-309(faith.)-427(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-178(also)-179(drew)-178(the)-178(line)-179(sharply)-178(between)-178(the)-179(religion)-178(of)-178(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-228(the)-227(religion)-228(of)-227(the)-228(State.)-243(And)-227(Varro)-228(went)-227(so)-228(far)-228(as)-227(to)-228(say)-227(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-262(popular)-262(religion)-262(was)-262(the)-262(creation)-262(of)-262(early)-263(statesmen,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.547 3.959 Td [(2713)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.33 -3.959 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(that)-284(if)-283(the)-284(work)-283(had)-284(to)-283(be)-284(done)-283(again,)-292(it)-283(might)-284(be)-283(done)-284(better)-283(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-273(light)-274(of)-273(philosophy.)-321(The)-273(Stoic)-273(in)-274(Cicero,)-279(as)-274(Seneca)-273(did)-273(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him,)-311(treated)-298(the)-299(tales)-299(of)-298(the)-299(gods)-299(as)-298(mere)-299(anile)-299(superstition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2714)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-396(is)-397(probable)-396(that)-396(such)-396(was)-397(the)-396(tone,)-433(in)-396(their)-396(retired)-396(debates,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-352(the)-351(remarkable)-352(circle)-352(which)-351(surrounded)-352(Scipio)-352(and)-351(Laelius.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Panaetius,)-349(their)-328(philosophic)-329(guide,)-349(had)-329(less)-329(sympathy)-329(than)-328(any)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-238(Stoic)-238(with)-239(popular)-238(theology.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.264 3.959 Td [(2715)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.123 -3.959 Td [(Polybius)-238(gave)-238(small)-239(place)]TJ -167.387 -13.549 Td [(to)-396(Providence)-395(in)-396(human)-396(affairs,)-432(and)-395(regarded)-396(Roman)-395(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-439(the)-440(device)-439(of)-440(statesmen)-439(to)-440(control)-439(the)-440(masses)-439(by)-439(mystery)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.202 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.39 Td [(2711)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.773 0 Td [(De)-195(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.142 0 Td [(i.)-232(5,)-206(9,)-206(existimo)-195(...)-232(si)-195(Dii)-195(sint,)-206(esse)-195(qui)-195(divinent;)-213(i,)-206(38,)-206(82;)-214(si)-195(sunt)]TJ -57.871 -10.959 Td [(Dii,)-222(neque)-216(ante)-215(declarant)-216(hominibus)-215(quae)-216(futura)-215(sint,)-223(aut)-215(non)-216(diligunt)-215(homines,)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(aut)-241(quid)-242(eventurum)-241(sit)-241(ignorant.)-247(This)-242(argument)-241(is)-241(attributed)-241(to)-242(Chrysippus)-241(and)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Diogenes)-250(in)-250(ii.)-250(49,)-250(101.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2712)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Frag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(39)-250(\050Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.117 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.591 0 Td [(vi.)-250(11\051.)-250(See)-250(Varro)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 63.993 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(opinion,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.614 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(vi.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -245.803 -7.311 Td [(2713)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(,)-250(vi.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.276 -7.311 Td [(2714)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Nat.)-250(D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.093 0 Td [(ii.)-250(28,)-250(70;)-250(cf.)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.001 0 Td [(Frag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(39,)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.9 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(95,)-250(47.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -200.487 -7.394 Td [(2715)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.127 0 Td [(i.)-250(3,)-250(6.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2828 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2829 0 R /Resources 2827 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2808 0 R >> endobj 2830 0 obj << /D [2828 0 R /XYZ 250.302 423.331 null] >> endobj 2831 0 obj << /D [2828 0 R /XYZ 105.499 88.465 null] >> endobj 2827 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2834 0 obj << /Length 8070 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(643)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-509(terror.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.265 3.959 Td [(2716)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.652 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-509(these)-510(men)-509(were)-509(enthusiastic)-509(champions)]TJ -75.917 -13.549 Td [(of)-394(a)-395(system)-394(which)-394(they)-395(regarded)-394(as)-394(irrational,)-431(but)-394(which)-394(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consecrated)-497(by)-498(immemorial)-497(antiquity.)-992(Laelius)-497(defended)-497(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(institutions)-445(of)-445(Numa)-445(in)-445(a)-445(speech)-445(of)-445(golden)-445(eloquence)-445(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(moved)-355(the)-355(admiration)-355(of)-355(Cicero,)-381(just)-355(as)-355(Symmachus)-355(defended)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-351(five)-351(centuries)-351(later)-350(before)-351(the)-351(council)-351(of)-351(Valentinian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2717)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-251(divorce)-251(between)-251(esoteric)-251(belief)-251(and)-251(official)-251(profession)-251(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-362(insidiously)-362(lowered)-361(the)-362(moral)-362(tone)-361(of)-362(those)-362(who)-362(were)-361(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(once)-306(thinkers)-306(and)-306(statesmen.)-418(Such)-306(a)-306(false)-306(position)-306(struck)-306(some)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-329(the)-329(speakers)-328(in)-329(Cicero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.895 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-329(theological)-328(dialogues,)-349(and)-329(it)-328(makes)]TJ -115.528 -13.549 Td [(his)-414(own)-413(opinions)-414(an)-414(enigma.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.291 3.959 Td [(2718)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.522 -3.959 Td [(The)-414(external)-413(and)-414(utilitarian)]TJ -156.813 -13.549 Td [(attitude)-427(to)-426(the)-427(State)-426(religion)-427(hardly)-427(secured)-426(even)-427(punctual)-426(or)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([532])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(reverent)-321(conformity)-321(in)-322(the)-321(last)-321(age)-321(of)-322(the)-321(Republic.)-463(Divination)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-329(augury)-329(had)-329(become)-328(mere)-329(engines)-329(of)-329(political)-329(intrigue,)-348(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-235(aristocratic)-236(magistrate)-235(could)-235(hardly)-235(take)-236(the)-235(omens)-235(without)-235(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(smile.)-421(Varro)-307(could)-307(not)-308(repress)-307(the)-307(fear)-307(that)-307(the)-307(old)-307(religion,)-321(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-248(he)-248(expended)-248(such)-248(a)-248(wealth)-247(of)-248(learning,)-249(might)-248(perish)-247(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mere)-224(negligence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.233 3.959 Td [(2719)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.069 -3.959 Td [(The)-224(knowledge)-223(of)-224(liturgical)-224(usage)-223(began)-224(to)]TJ -93.302 -13.549 Td [(fade,)-316(and)-303(Varro)-302(had)-303(to)-303(recall)-302(the)-303(very)-302(names)-303(of)-303(forgotten)-302(gods.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(An)-297(ancient)-297(priesthood)-297(of)-297(the)-297(highest)-297(rank)-297(remained)-297(unfilled)-297(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seventy)-370(years.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.105 3.959 Td [(2720)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.078 -3.959 Td [(Scores)-370(of)-369(the)-370(most)-369(venerable)-370(temples)-369(were)]TJ -86.183 -13.549 Td [(allowed)-352(to)-352(fall)-352(into)-352(ruin,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 110.2 3.959 Td [(2721)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.555 -3.959 Td [(and)-352(ancient)-352(brotherhoods)-352(like)-352(the)]TJ -130.755 -13.549 Td [(Titii)-452(and)-451(Fratres)-452(Arvales)-451(are)-452(hardly)-452(heard)-451(of)-452(for)-451(generations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-250(the)-250(reforms)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Augustan)-250(age.)]TJ 11.956 -16.655 Td [(It)-486(is)-487(not)-486(within)-487(the)-486(scope)-487(of)-486(this)-487(work)-486(to)-487(enter)-486(minutely)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 176.197 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 169.385 Td [(2716)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Polyb.)-243(vi.)-243(56,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 50.046 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.691 0 Td [(\274\277\271)-229(\264\277\272\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.089 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.692 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.521 0 Td [(\300\261\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.709 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.763 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.714 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\277\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.284 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\270\301\316\300\277\271\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.114 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275\265\271\264\271\266\314\274\265\275\277\275)]TJ -232.553 -10.959 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277)-434(\303\305\275\255\307\265\271\275)-434(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 52.409 0 Td [(p)-434(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.956 0 Td [(\311\274\261\257\311\275)-434(\300\301\254\263\274\261\304\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.239 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.545 0 Td [(\273\255\263\311)-434(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.221 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.657 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-434(\264\265\271\303\271\264\261\271\274\277\275\257\261\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.428 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.546 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.994 -10.959 Td [(\304\277\303\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.072 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\275)-250(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.368 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.528 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\272\304\265\304\301\261\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.302 0 Td [(\364)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\264\265\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.501 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\304\265)-250(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.982 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.029 0 Td [(\272\261\304\261\273\271\300\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 33.696 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\265\301\262\277\273)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.433 0 Td [(\040)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -258.137 -7.311 Td [(2717)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Nat.)-250(Deor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.045 0 Td [(iii)-250(17,)-250(43,)-250(in)-250(illa)-250(aureola)-250(oratiuncula,)-250(cf.)-250(Sym.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 165.367 0 Td [(Rel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.435 0 Td [(iii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -266.479 -7.31 Td [(2718)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(60.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.923 -7.311 Td [(2719)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.922 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-249(D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.581 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2;)-250(cf.)-249(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.058 0 Td [(De)-250(Leg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.621 0 Td [(ii.)-250(13,)-250(33,)-249(dubium)-250(non)-249(est)-250(quin)-249(haec)]TJ -152.138 -10.959 Td [(disciplina)-250(et)-250(ars)-250(augurum)-250(evanuerit)-250(jam)-250(et)-250(vetustate)-250(et)-250(negligentia.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2720)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-273(Cass.)-320(liv.)-320(36;)-285(cf.)-320(W.)-274(Fowler)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 112.444 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 5.939 0 Td [(Rom.)-320(Fest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.678 0 Td [(p.)-320(343,)-279(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.438 0 Td [(Rom.)-320(Mythol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -231.441 -10.959 Td [(p.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2721)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(c.)-250(30.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2833 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2834 0 R /Resources 2832 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2836 0 R >> endobj 2835 0 obj << /D [2833 0 R /XYZ 97.294 369.134 null] >> endobj 2832 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2839 0 obj << /Length 5342 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(644)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(into)-430(the)-430(subject)-430(of)-430(that)-431(great)-430(effort)-430(of)-430(reform)-430(or)-430(reaction.)-790(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-359(commonly)-358(said)-359(that)-358(the)-358(cool)-359(imperial)-358(statesman)-359(had)-358(chiefly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(political)-396(ends)-395(in)-396(view,)-431(and)-396(especially)-395(the)-396(aggrandisement)-395(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(security)-391(of)-392(the)-391(principate.)-674(And)-391(certainly)-391(Ovid,)-427(who)-391(strove)-391(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interest)-291(his)-291(countrymen)-291(in)-291(the)-292(revival)-291(of)-291(their)-291(religion,)-301(does)-291(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(display)-427(much)-427(seriousness)-428(in)-427(religion)-427(or)-427(morals.)-782(He)-427(treats)-427(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lightly)-356(the)-356(amours)-356(of)-355(Olympus)-356(as)-356(the)-356(intrigues)-356(of)-356(the)-355(Campus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Martius)-272(and)-273(the)-272(Circus.)-317(Yet)-272(it)-273(may)-272(well)-272(have)-273(been)-272(that)-272(after)-272(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(terrible)-228(orgies)-229(of)-228(civil)-228(strife)-229(through)-228(which)-228(the)-229(Roman)-228(world)-228(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(passed,)-202(Augustus)-191(was)-191(the)-190(convinced)-191(representative)-190(of)-191(a)-190(repentant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wish)-337(to)-336(return)-337(to)-337(the)-336(old)-337(paths.)-510(The)-337(Roman)-336(character,)-358(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-364(wild)-365(aberrations)-364(of)-365(a)-364(trying)-364(destiny,)-393(was)-365(an)-364(enduring)-364(type.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-410(Augustus,)-451(if)-410(he)-410(may)-410(have)-411(indulged)-410(in)-410(impious)-410(revels)-410(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-271(youth,)-275(which)-271(recall)-270(the)-271(wanton)-270(freaks)-271(of)-270(Alcibiades,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.432 3.958 Td [(2722)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.445 -3.958 Td [(had)]TJ -264.877 -13.55 Td [(two)-269(great)-268(characteristics)-269(of)-269(the)-268(old)-269(Roman)-269(mind,)-273(formalism)-268(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superstition.)-442(He)-314(had)-313(an)-314(infinite)-314(faith)-314(in)-314(dreams)-314(and)-314(omens.)-441(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(would)-247(begin)-247(no)-247(serious)-246(business)-247(on)-247(the)-247(Nones.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.988 3.959 Td [(2723)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.155 -3.959 Td [(When)-247(he)-247(had)]TJ -223.143 -13.549 Td [(to)-351(pronounce)-352(a)-351(funeral)-351(oration)-351(over)-352(his)-351(sister,)-377(Octavia,)-376(he)-351(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-379(curtain)-379(drawn)-380(before)-379(the)-379(corpse,)-411(lest)-380(the)-379(eyes)-379(of)-379(the)-379(pontiff)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(might)-314(be)-314(polluted)-313(by)-314(the)-314(sight)-314(of)-314(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 176.386 3.959 Td [(2724)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.254 -3.959 Td [(We)-314(may)-314(think)-313(that)]TJ -197.64 -13.549 Td [(his)-232(religious)-232(revival)-232(was)-232(not)-232(inspired)-232(by)-232(real)-232(religious)-231(sentiment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([533])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-245(it)-245(is)-245(well)-246(to)-245(remind)-245(ourselves)-245(that)-245(old)-245(Roman)-245(religion,)-246(while)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-254(consecrated)-253(and)-254(solemnised)-253(the)-254(scenes)-253(and)-254(acts)-253(of)-254(human)-253(life,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-406(essentially)-405(a)-406(formal)-405(religion;)-483(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 174.642 0 Td [(opus)-406(operatum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 71.27 0 Td [(was)-405(the)]TJ -245.912 -13.55 Td [(important)-332(thing.)-494(Its)-332(business)-331(was)-332(to)-332(avert)-331(the)-332(anger)-331(or)-332(win)-331(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(favour)-238(of)-237(dim)-237(unearthly)-238(powers;)-242(it)-237(was)-238(not)-237(primarily)-238(t)1(o)-238(purify)-237(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elevate)-202(the)-202(soul.)-234(Above)-202(all,)-212(it)-202(was)-202(interwoven)-201(from)-202(the)-202(beginning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-364(the)-364(whole)-364(fabric)-364(of)-364(society)-364(and)-364(the)-364(State.)-592(Four)-363(centuries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-236(Augustus)-237(was)-236(in)-237(his)-236(grave,)-239(it)-236(was)-237(only)-236(by)-237(a)-236(violent)-236(wrench,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-445(inflicted)-445(infinite)-445(torture)-445(even)-445(on)-445(pagan)-445(mystics)-445(of)-445(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Neoplatonist)-275(school,)-280(that)-275(Rome)-275(was)-274(severed)-275(from)-274(the)-275(gods)-274(who)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(2722)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(70,)-250(coena)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 45.065 0 Td [(\264\311\264\265\272\254\270\265\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.276 0 Td [(:)-250(cf.)-250(Thuc.)-250(vi.)-250(c.)-250(28,)-250(\247)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -115.988 -7.31 Td [(2723)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(c.)-250(91,)-250(92.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.015 -7.311 Td [(2724)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(liv.)-250(35)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.537 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2838 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2839 0 R /Resources 2837 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2836 0 R >> endobj 2840 0 obj << /D [2838 0 R /XYZ 108.804 247.191 null] >> endobj 2837 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2843 0 obj << /Length 6164 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(645)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(had)-423(been)-424(the)-423(guardians)-423(and)-424(partners)-423(of)-423(her)-424(career)-423(for)-423(twelve)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hundred)-281(years.)-343(The)-281(altar)-281(of)-281(Victory)-281(which)-281(Augustus)-281(had)-281(placed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-443(the)-443(Senate-house,)-491(and)-443(before)-443(which)-443(twelve)-443(generations)-442(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(senators)-246(after)-246(him)-246(offered)-245(their)-246(prayers)-246(for)-246(the)-246(chief)-246(of)-246(the)-245(State,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-259(most)-258(sacred)-259(symbol)-259(of)-259(the)-258(pagan)-259(Empire,)-261(was)-259(only)-258(removed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-250(a)-250(fierce,)-250(obstinate)-250(struggle.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(The)-305(religious)-305(revival)-304(of)-305(Augustus)-305(may)-305(not)-305(have)-305(aroused)-305(any)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(deep)-432(religious)-433(sentiment;)-523(that,)-478(as)-432(we)-433(shall)-432(see,)-478(was)-432(to)-432(come)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-372(a)-371(different)-372(source.)-615(But)-371(it)-372(gave)-371(a)-372(fresh)-372(life)-371(to)-372(the)-371(formal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(religion)-378(of)-378(the)-377(State,)-410(which)-378(maintained)-377(itself)-378(till)-378(within)-378(a)-377(few)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-367(before)-367(the)-366(invasion)-367(of)-367(Alaric.)-600(The)-367(title)-367(Augustus)-366(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-316(new)-315(emperor)-316(assumed)-315(was)-316(one)-316(which,)-332(to)-315(the)-316(Roman)-315(mind,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(associated)-253(him)-253(with)-253(the)-253(majesty)-253(of)-253(Jupiter)-253(and)-253(the)-253(sanctity)-253(of)-252(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(holy)-368(places)-368(and)-368(solemn)-368(rites.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.493 3.958 Td [(2725)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.024 -3.958 Td [(It)-368(was)-368(the)-368(beginning)-368(of)-367(that)]TJ -154.517 -13.55 Td [(theocratic)-213(theory)-213(of)-213(monarchy)-213(which)-213(was)-213(to)-213(culminate,)-220(under)-213(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-277(of)-277(Sun-worship,)-284(in)-277(the)-277(third)-277(century,)-283(and)-277(to)-277(propagate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself)-344(into)-344(ages)-344(far)-344(removed)-344(from)-344(the)-344(worship)-344(of)-344(Jupiter)-344(or)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sun.)-805(Although)-435(the)-435(counsels)-435(of)-434(Maecenas,)-482(recorded)-435(by)-434(Dion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cassius,)-360(may)-338(be)-338(apocryphal,)-360(Augustus)-338(acted)-338(in)-338(their)-338(spirit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2726)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(As)-418(triumvir)-418(he)-418(had)-418(raised)-417(a)-418(shrine)-418(to)-418(Isis,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.324 3.959 Td [(2727)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.454 -3.959 Td [(as)-418(emperor)-418(he)]TJ -215.778 -13.549 Td [(frowned)-503(on)-502(alien)-503(worships.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 127.033 3.959 Td [(2728)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.431 -3.959 Td [(His)-503(mission)-502(was)-503(to)-502(restore)]TJ -154.464 -13.549 Td [(the)-387(ancient)-387(religion)-386(of)-387(Latium.)-660(He)-387(burnt)-387(two)-387(thousand)-386(books)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-522(spurious)-521(augury,)-590(retaining)-522(only)-521(the)-522(Sibylline)-522(oracles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2729)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(He)-415(restored)-414(the)-415(ancient)-414(temples,)-456(some)-415(of)-414(them,)-456(like)-415(those)-414(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([534])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(Jupiter)-241(Feretrius)-241(and)-241(Juno)-241(Sospita,)-243(coeval)-241(with)-241(the)-241(Roman)-240(State,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-356(encouraged)-357(his)-356(friends)-357(to)-356(do)-357(the)-356(same)-357(for)-356(other)-356(venerable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monuments)-478(of)-477(devotion.)-933(The)-477(most)-477(lavish)-478(gifts)-477(of)-478(gold)-477(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(jewels)-315(were)-314(dedicated)-315(in)-314(the)-315(Capitoline)-314(temples.)-444(The)-314(precision)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.347 Td [(2725)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.386 0 Td [(Fasti)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(,)-236(i.)-244(609,)-235(hic)-232(socium)-232(summo)-232(cum)-232(Jove)-233(nomen)-232(habet.)-244(Sancta)-232(vocant)]TJ -45.777 -10.959 Td [(augusta)-250(patres;)-250(augusta)-250(vocantur)-250(Templa,)-250(sacerdotum)-250(rite)-250(dicata)-250(manu.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2726)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-380(Cass.)-642(lii.)-641(36,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 67.433 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.876 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-380(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.196 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\275)-380(\300\254\275\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.247 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.198 0 Td [(\300\254\275\304\311\302)-380(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.877 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\314\302)-380(\304\265)-381(\303\255\262\277\305)-380(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 60.638 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.047 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273\277\305\302)-250(\304\271\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 35.704 0 Td [(\267)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275\254\263\272\261\266\265)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.136 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -89.489 -7.311 Td [(2727)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xlvii.)-250(15)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.135 0 Td [(ad)-250(fin.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.782 -7.31 Td [(2728)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(liv.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2729)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(c.)-250(31.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2842 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2843 0 R /Resources 2841 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2836 0 R >> endobj 2844 0 obj << /D [2842 0 R /XYZ 157.558 206.544 null] >> endobj 2841 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2847 0 obj << /Length 5475 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(646)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-304(ancient)-303(augury)-304(was)-303(restored.)-411(Ancient)-303(priesthoods)-304(which)-303(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-368(long)-367(vacant)-368(were)-367(filled)-368(up,)-396(and)-368(the)-367(sacred)-368(colleges)-367(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(raised)-252(in)-253(dignity)-252(and)-253(wealth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 124.031 3.959 Td [(2730)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.244 -3.959 Td [(Special)-252(care)-253(was)-252(taken)-253(to)-252(recall)]TJ -143.275 -13.549 Td [(the)-462(vestals)-461(to)-462(the)-462(chaste)-461(dignity)-462(from)-462(which)-461(they)-462(had)-461(fallen)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-373(a)-373(hundred)-374(years.)-619(Before)-374(taking)-373(his)-373(seat,)-404(each)-373(senator)-373(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(required)-276(to)-275(make)-276(a)-275(prayer,)-282(with)-276(an)-275(offering)-276(of)-275(incense)-276(and)-275(wine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-359(the)-359(altar.)-578(Three)-359(worships,)-387(specially)-359(connected)-359(with)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortunes)-459(of)-459(Augustus)-460(or)-459(his)-459(race,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 153.806 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(those)-459(of)-459(Venus)-460(Genetrix,)]TJ -164.715 -13.549 Td [(Mars)-285(Ultor,)-293(and)-284(the)-285(Palatine)-284(Apollo,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 161.051 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(were)-284(revived)-285(with)-284(added)]TJ -171.96 -13.55 Td [(splendour.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.753 3.959 Td [(2731)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.982 -3.959 Td [(The)-275(emperor)-275(paid)-275(special)-275(attention)-275(to)-275(the)-275(ancient)]TJ -65.735 -13.549 Td [(sacred)-283(colleges,)-290(such)-283(as)-282(the)-283(Salii)-282(and)-283(Arvales,)-290(which)-283(went)-282(back)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-443(days)-443(far)-443(earlier)-443(than)-442(the)-443(Republic.)-829(Amid)-443(all)-443(the)-443(cares)-442(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(State,)-495(he)-446(attended)-445(their)-446(meetings)-446(punctually.)-838(The)-445(dangerous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(right)-311(of)-310(co-optation)-310(was)-311(quietly)-310(withdrawn,)-326(till)-310(the)-311(members)-310(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-395(end)-395(owed)-395(their)-396(appointment)-395(to)-395(the)-395(sacerdotal)-395(chief)-395(of)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(State.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.546 3.959 Td [(2732)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.349 -3.959 Td [(The)-286(colleges)-286(became)-286(the)-287(most)-286(courtly)-286(and)-286(deferential)]TJ -44.895 -13.549 Td [(supports)-236(of)-236(the)-236(prince)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.372 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-236(power.)-245(Prayers)-236(for)-236(his)-236(safety)-236(soon)-236(found)]TJ -98.004 -13.549 Td [(a)-434(place)-434(in)-435(their)-434(antique)-434(litanies.)-803(It)-434(has)-434(been)-434(said)-434(with)-434(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth)-292(that)-292(the)-292(Salii)-292(and)-292(Arvales)-292(seem)-292(to)-292(be)-292(thinking)-292(more)-292(of)-292(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(emperors)-308(than)-309(of)-308(the)-309(gods.)-425(The)-309(colleges)-308(had)-309(a)-308(courtly)-308(memory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-316(all)-317(anniversaries)-316(in)-316(the)-317(imperial)-316(family.)-449(The)-316(Arval)-316(brothers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(achieved)-316(the)-315(infamy)-316(of)-315(complimenting)-316(Nero)-316(on)-315(his)-316(return)-315(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-213(murder)-214(of)-213(Agrippina,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 107.869 3.959 Td [(2733)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.845 -3.959 Td [(and)-213(made)-214(vows)-213(of)-213(equal)-214(fervour)-213(for)]TJ -126.714 -13.549 Td [(all)-250(the)-250(emperors)-250(of)-250(the)-250(year)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.025 3.959 Td [(2734)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -124.07 -20.944 Td [(But)-274(it)-275(was)-274(through)-274(the)-274(chief)-275(pontificate)-274(that)-274(the)-274(emperors)-275(did)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(most)-349(at)-350(once)-349(to)-349(fortify)-350(and)-349(dignify)-349(their)-350(secular)-349(power,)-374(and)-349(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prolong)-366(the)-365(reign)-366(of)-366(the)-366(old)-365(Latin)-366(religion.)-597(It)-366(was)-366(the)-365(highest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-417(dignity)-417(of)-417(ancient)-418(Rome.)-751(The)-417(college)-417(of)-417(which)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor,)-374(as)-349(Pontifex)-349(Maximus,)-373(was)-349(head)-349(exercised)-349(a)-349(supreme)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(2730)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(li.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2731)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(i.)-250(87.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.923 -7.311 Td [(2732)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(Staatsr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.812 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(1024.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.884 -7.31 Td [(2733)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2042;)-250(cf.)-250(2444)-250(and)-250(2034.)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 137.23 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(i.)-250(p)-250(363.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -212.197 -7.311 Td [(2734)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2051,)-250(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2846 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2847 0 R /Resources 2845 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2836 0 R >> endobj 2845 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2850 0 obj << /Length 6017 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(647)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-197(comprehensive)-196(control)-197(over)-197(the)-196(whole)-197(field)-197(of)-196(religion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 254.993 3.959 Td [(2735)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.972 -3.959 Td [(It)]TJ -273.965 -13.549 Td [(was)-201(charged)-200(with)-201(the)-201(duty)-200(of)-201(maintaining)-201(the)-200(ancestral)-201(purity)-200(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([535])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(exactness)-194(of)-194(the)-194(national)-194(worship,)-205(and)-194(of)-194(repressing)-194(tendencies)-194(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(innovation)-267(and)-266(the)-267(adoption)-267(of)-266(alien)-267(rites.)-300(It)-266(selected)-267(the)-266(virgins)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(who)-465(guarded)-465(the)-464(eternal)-465(fire,)-519(and)-464(sat)-465(in)-465(judgment)-465(on)-464(erring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vestals)-204(and)-204(their)-204(betrayers.)-235(It)-204(had)-204(special)-204(jurisdiction)-203(in)-204(questions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-332(adoption,)-352(burial,)-353(and)-331(sacred)-332(sites.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.461 3.959 Td [(2736)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.845 -3.959 Td [(From)-332(Augustus)-332(every)]TJ -184.306 -13.549 Td [(emperor)-374(was)-374(also)-375(chief)-374(pontiff;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.75 3.959 Td [(2737)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.198 -3.959 Td [(even)-374(the)-374(Christian)-375(princes)]TJ -162.948 -13.549 Td [(from)-327(Constantine)-327(to)-328(Valentinian)-327(and)-327(Valens)-327(bear)-327(the)-327(honoured)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(title)-411(in)-412(the)-411(inscriptions,)-452(and)-411(accepted)-412(the)-411(pontifical)-412(robes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2738)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Thus)-291(the)-290(emperors)-291(strove)-291(in)-291(their)-290(religious)-291(attributes)-291(to)-290(connect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(themselves)-390(with)-389(the)-390(sacred)-389(tradition)-389(of)-390(Numa)-389(and)-390(the)-389(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kings.)-858(And,)-503(as)-453(time)-452(went)-453(on,)-503(the)-453(imperial)-452(house)-453(claimed)-452(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(growing)-270(share)-270(in)-270(the)-270(pontifical)-270(honours.)-310(Nero,)-275(indeed,)-275(had)-269(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-296(member)-295(of)-296(all)-295(the)-296(sacred)-296(colleges)-295(as)-296(well)-295(as)-296(chief)-296(pontiff.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2739)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-304(down)-303(to)-304(the)-304(reign)-303(of)-304(Vespasian)-304(only)-303(one)-304(of)-304(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 232.172 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Caesares)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 38.771 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.787 -13.549 Td [(could)-475(belong)-475(to)-475(the)-475(sacred)-474(college.)-925(But)-475(his)-475(sons)-475(Titus)-474(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Domitian)-396(were)-395(co-opted)-396(to)-396(the)-396(pontificate)-395(and)-396(all)-396(the)-395(priestly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colleges)-297(before)-298(his)-297(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 112.427 3.959 Td [(2740)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.712 -3.959 Td [(From)-297(Hadrian)-298(the)-297(pontificate)-297(and)]TJ -133.139 -13.549 Td [(all)-377(the)-378(highest)-377(sacerdotal)-377(honours)-377(were)-378(held)-377(by)-377(all)-377(designated)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(successors)-325(of)-325(the)-324(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 118.171 3.959 Td [(2741)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.612 -3.959 Td [(Antoninus)-325(Pius)-324(has)-325(the)-325(insignia)]TJ -139.783 -13.549 Td [(of)-226(four)-225(priestly)-226(colleges)-226(on)-225(his)-226(coins.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.906 3.959 Td [(2742)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.077 -3.959 Td [(M.)-226(Aurelius)-225(was)-226(one)-226(of)]TJ -178.983 -13.549 Td [(the)-310(Salian)-310(brotherhood)-310(in)-310(his)-310(eighth)-310(year,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.215 3.959 Td [(2743)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.985 -3.959 Td [(and)-310(was)-310(received)]TJ -204.2 -13.549 Td [(into)-265(all)-265(the)-265(colleges)-265(at)-265(nineteen.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 138.985 3.959 Td [(2744)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.658 -3.959 Td [(Commodus)-265(had)-265(reached)-265(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 176.924 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 170.028 Td [(2735)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.377 0 Td [(R\366m.)-250(Staatsr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.812 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(1022.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -99.884 -7.311 Td [(2736)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-250(i.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2737)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Habel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(De)-250(Pontif.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.021 0 Td [(p.)-250(45.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.611 -7.31 Td [(2738)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(1080,)-250(1117;)-250(cf.)-250(Zosim.)-250(iv.)-250(36;)-250(Amm.)-250(Marc.)-250(xvi.)-250(10;)-250(Sym.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 207.975 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(x.)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -251.559 -7.311 Td [(2739)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Habel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(De)-250(Pontif.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.021 0 Td [(p.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.611 -7.311 Td [(2740)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(pp.)-250(16,)-250(17,)-250(62;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.049 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(932,)-250(1984.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -103.614 -7.31 Td [(2741)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Habel,)-250(p.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2742)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2743)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Jul.)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.836 0 Td [(M.)-250(Ant.)-250(Phil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 48.32 0 Td [(c.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -108.851 -7.311 Td [(2744)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(6.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2849 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2850 0 R /Resources 2848 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2836 0 R >> endobj 2851 0 obj << /D [2849 0 R /XYZ 226.918 504.626 null] >> endobj 2848 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2854 0 obj << /Length 5867 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(648)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(same)-247(sacred)-248(honours)-247(before)-247(he)-248(assumed)-247(the)-247(toga,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 214.889 3.959 Td [(2745)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.142 -3.959 Td [(and)-247(in)-248(five)]TJ -234.031 -13.549 Td [(years)-296(more)-296(was)-296(Pontifex)-296(Maximus.)-388(Thus)-296(deeply)-296(had)-296(the)-295(policy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-378(Augustus)-379(sunk)-378(into)-378(the)-379(minds)-378(of)-378(his)-379(successors.)-635(It)-378(is)-378(little)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wonder)-395(that)-394(never)-395(in)-395(the)-394(great)-395(days)-395(of)-394(the)-395(Republic)-395(were)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(forms)-229(of)-229(ancient)-229(religion)-229(more)-229(scrupulously)-229(observed)-229(than)-229(in)-229(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reign)-250(of)-250(M.)-250(Aurelius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.411 3.959 Td [(2746)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -80.455 -21.908 Td [(Private)-371(opinion)-371(after)-370(the)-371(Augustan)-371(revival)-371(greatly)-371(varied)-370(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-285(matters)-284(of)-285(faith.)-354(Men)-285(like)-285(the)-285(elder)-284(Pliny)-285(and)-285(Seneca)-284(scoffed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-498(anthropomorphic)-497(religion.)-992(Men)-498(like)-497(Juvenal)-498(and)-497(Tacitus)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(maintained)-318(a)-318(wavering)-319(attitude,)-335(with)-318(probably)-318(a)-318(receding)-318(faith.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Others)-348(like)-349(Suetonius)-348(were)-348(rapacious)-349(collectors)-348(of)-348(every)-348(scrap)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-236(the)-236(miraculous.)-245(The)-236(emperors)-236(who)-236(succeeded)-236(Augustus)-236(were,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([536])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(with)-510(the)-510(exception)-510(of)-510(Nero,)-575(loyal)-510(supporters)-510(and)-510(protectors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-543(the)-543(religion)-543(of)-543(the)-544(State.)-1129(Tiberius,)-616(although)-543(personally)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(careless)-355(of)-356(religion,)-382(displayed)-355(a)-355(scrupulous)-356(respect)-355(for)-355(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(usage)-324(in)-323(filling)-324(up)-323(the)-324(ancient)-324(priesthoods,)-342(and)-323(in)-324(guarding)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sibylline)-423(verses)-422(from)-423(interpolations.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.431 3.959 Td [(2747)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.815 -3.959 Td [(He)-423(also)-422(frowned)-423(on)]TJ -189.246 -13.549 Td [(the)-483(imported)-483(rites)-483(of)-482(Egypt.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 130.455 3.959 Td [(2748)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.786 -3.959 Td [(Claudius,)-541(at)-483(once)-483(pedantic)]TJ -157.241 -13.549 Td [(and)-341(superstitious,)-363(revived)-341(venerable)-341(rites)-340(of)-341(the)-341(days)-341(of)-340(Tullus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hostilius,)-342(and,)-342(when)-323(an)-324(ill-omened)-323(bird)-324(alighted)-323(on)-324(the)-323(temple)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-512(Jupiter,)-578(as)-512(supreme)-513(pontiff,)-578(the)-512(emperor)-512(pronounced)-512(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solemn)-212(form)-212(of)-213(expiation)-212(before)-212(the)-212(assembled)-212(people.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.068 3.959 Td [(2749)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.028 -3.959 Td [(Nero,)]TJ -256.096 -13.549 Td [(and)-521(the)-521(Neronian)-521(competitors)-521(for)-521(the)-521(Empire,)-589(in)-521(the)-521(fierce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conflict)-350(which)-349(followed)-350(hi)1(s)-350(death,)-374(were,)-375(indeed,)-374(often,)-374(though)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-301(always,)-315(careless)-301(of)-302(ancient)-301(rite,)-314(but)-302(they)-301(were)-302(all)-301(the)-301(slaves)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-336(superstition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.395 3.959 Td [(2750)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.986 -3.959 Td [(The)-336(Flavians)-336(and)-337(Antonines)-336(were)-336(religious)]TJ -88.381 -13.549 Td [(conservatives)-372(of)-371(the)-372(spirit)-372(of)-371(Augustus.)-615(There)-372(is)-372(a)-371(monument)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-305(Vespasian)-304(of)-305(the)-304(year)-305(78)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 125.361 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.3 0 Td [(as)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 12.41 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-305(restorer)-304(of)-305(temples)-304(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.529 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.633 Td [(2745)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(16;)-250(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.528 0 Td [(Com.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(c.)-250(12)-250(\050a.)-250(175\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -105.596 -7.311 Td [(2746)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Jul.)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.836 0 Td [(M.)-250(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.889 0 Td [(c.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -89.42 -7.31 Td [(2747)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(16.)-250(Yet)-250(he)-250(is)-250(said)-250(to)-250(be)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 95.636 0 Td [(circa)-250(deos)-250(negligentior)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 83.181 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(69.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -230.363 -7.311 Td [(2748)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(36.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2749)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(c.)-250(22;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.089 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xii.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -120.543 -7.394 Td [(2750)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(7,)-250(8,)-250(12;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 44.581 0 Td [(Vitell.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.913 0 Td [(c.)-250(5,)-250(11;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.055 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(i.)-250(87.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2853 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2854 0 R /Resources 2852 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2836 0 R >> endobj 2855 0 obj << /D [2853 0 R /XYZ 306.46 364.734 null] >> endobj 2852 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2858 0 obj << /Length 5995 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(649)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(public)-415(ceremonies.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 84.204 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2751)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.962 -3.959 Td [(The)-415(restoration)-414(of)-415(the)-415(Capitol,)-455(which)]TJ -110.009 -13.549 Td [(had)-430(been)-429(burned)-430(down)-430(in)-430(the)-429(civil)-430(war,)-475(was)-429(one)-430(of)-430(the)-429(first)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tasks)-308(of)-309(his)-308(reign.)-425(And)-309(the)-308(ceremony)-308(made)-309(such)-308(an)-308(impression)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-280(the)-281(imagination)-280(of)-281(the)-280(youthful)-280(Tacitus,)-288(that)-281(he)-280(has)-280(recorded)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-384(studied)-384(care)-384(the)-384(stately)-384(and)-384(accurate)-384(ritual)-384(of)-384(olden)-384(time)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-375(was)-375(observed)-375(by)-375(the)-375(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.782 3.959 Td [(2752)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.258 -3.959 Td [(Domitian)-375(carried)-375(on)]TJ -190.04 -13.549 Td [(the)-282(restoration)-282(on)-282(even)-283(a)-282(more)-282(splendid)-282(scale;)-298(he)-282(was)-282(a)-282(devotee)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-401(Minerva,)-438(and)-401(a)-401(rigorous)-401(vindicator)-401(of)-401(old)-401(ascetic)-400(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(law.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 18.48 3.958 Td [(2753)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.064 -3.958 Td [(The)-277(emperor)-278(Hadrian,)-284(whose)-278(character)-277(is)-277(an)-278(enigma)-277(of)]TJ -38.544 -13.55 Td [(contrasts,)-325(to)-309(judge)-310(by)-309(his)-310(last)-309(famous)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 168.95 0 Td [(jeu)-310(d)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 22.163 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(esprit)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.229 0 Td [(on)-310(his)-309(death-)]TJ -222.974 -13.549 Td [(bed,)-306(probably)-294(died)-295(a)-294(sceptic.)-384(Yet)-294(his)-295(biographer)-294(tells)-294(us)-295(that)-294(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-341(a)-341(careful)-341(guardian)-342(of)-341(the)-341(ancient)-341(ritual.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.993 3.959 Td [(2754)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.148 -3.959 Td [(The)-341(archaistic)]TJ -218.141 -13.549 Td [(fashion)-217(in)-216(literary)-217(taste,)-223(which)-216(had)-217(begun)-217(in)-216(the)-217(first)-216(century,)-223(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-305(culminated)-304(in)-305(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.739 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-305(reign,)-318(favoured)-305(and)-304(harmonised)]TJ -132.372 -13.55 Td [(with)-371(a)-372(scrupulous)-371(observance)-372(of)-371(ancient)-372(forms)-371(in)-372(religion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2755)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-353(genius)-352(of)-353(one)-352(too)-353(early)-352(taken)-353(away)-352(has)-353(done)-352(more)-353(than)-352(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legion)-253(of)-252(historic)-253(critics)-253(to)-252(picture)-253(for)-253(us)-252(the)-253(sad,)-253(dutiful)-253(piety)-252(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-236(spirit)-237(of)-236(the)-237(Antonine)-236(age,)-239(steeped)-236(in)-237(philosophies)-236(which)-236(made)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([537])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(passing)-290(moment)-289(of)-290(vivid)-289(artistic)-290(perception)-289(the)-290(great)-289(end)-289(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life,)-416(yet)-383(still)-383(instinct)-383(with)-383(the)-383(old)-383(Roman)-383(love)-383(of)-382(immemorial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forms)-501(at)-501(the)-500(harvest)-501(gathering)-501(or)-500(the)-501(yearly)-501(offering)-501(to)-500(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dead)-454(members)-454(of)-453(the)-454(household.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.381 3.959 Td [(2756)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.833 -3.959 Td [(The)-454(cheerless)-453(negation)]TJ -176.214 -13.549 Td [(of)-374(Epicurus,)-404(and)-374(the)-373(equally)-374(withering)-374(theology)-373(of)-374(the)-373(Stoics,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-301(not)-300(weaken)-301(in)-301(Roman)-300(hearts)-301(the)-301(spell)-300(of)-301(ancestral)-300(pieties)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-273(clustered)-273(round)-273(the)-273(vault)-273(near)-273(the)-273(grey)-273(old)-273(country)-272(house)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-375(the)-375(race,)-407(looking)-375(down)-375(on)-375(the)-375(Tyrrhene)-376(sea,)-406(or)-375(the)-375(awe)-375(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-329(grove)-329(or)-330(spring)-329(sacred)-329(to)-329(Silvanus)-329(and)-329(the)-330(Nymphs,)-348(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-201(calm,)-211(chastened)-201(joy)-202(in)-201(a)-201(ritual)-201(in)-202(which)-201(every)-201(act)-201(was)-201(dictated)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.823 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.926 Td [(2751)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(2364.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.394 Td [(2752)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(iv.)-250(53.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.394 Td [(2753)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(c.)-250(5,)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.034 -7.394 Td [(2754)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ael.)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.842 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -78.948 -7.395 Td [(2755)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.044 0 Td [(16,)-263(\247)-260(5;)-265(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.95 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.537 0 Td [(vi.)-281(21,)-263(\247)-260(1;)-265(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 65.984 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(,)-263(p.)-281(96;)-265(Martha,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.173 0 Td [(Moralistes)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.358 0 Td [(,)]TJ -278.388 -10.959 Td [(p.)-250(184)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(2756)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Pater,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(Marius)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(,)-250(chap.)-250(ii.,)-250(xxvii.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2857 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2858 0 R /Resources 2856 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2860 0 R >> endobj 2859 0 obj << /D [2857 0 R /XYZ 303.772 287.839 null] >> endobj 2856 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2863 0 obj << /Length 5153 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(650)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(by)-353(a)-353(love)-353(of)-353(ceremonial)-353(cleanness)-353(and)-354(exactness,)-378(and)-353(redolent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-399(an)-400(immemorial)-399(past.)-697(In)-400(such)-399(a)-399(household,)-437(and)-399(in)-399(such)-399(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(atmosphere,)-245(the)-244(two)-245(great)-244(Antonines)-244(were)-244(reared.)-248(The)-244(first,)-245(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-205(before)-206(all)-205(else)-205(an)-206(honest)-205(country)-205(gentleman,)-215(fond)-205(of)-205(hunting,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fishing,)-324(and)-308(the)-309(gladness)-309(of)-309(the)-309(vintage)-308(at)-309(Lorium,)-324(never)-308(failed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-248(perform)-248(all)-249(due)-248(sacrifices)-248(unless)-248(he)-248(was)-249(ill.)-249(His)-248(coins)-248(bear)-248(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pictured)-338(legends)-339(of)-338(the)-338(infancy)-339(of)-338(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.232 3.959 Td [(2757)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.057 -3.959 Td [(M.)-338(Aurelius)-339(was)]TJ -206.289 -13.549 Td [(famous)-268(as)-267(a)-268(boy)-267(for)-268(his)-267(knowledge)-267(of)-268(Roman)-267(ritual.)-303(Enrolled)-267(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-353(college)-352(of)-352(the)-353(Salii)-352(in)-353(his)-352(eighth)-353(year,)-378(he)-352(performed)-353(all)-352(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sacred)-378(offices)-377(with)-378(perfect)-378(composure,)-409(reciting)-378(from)-377(memory,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-229(no)-230(one)-229(to)-229(dictate)-230(the)-229(form,)-234(every)-229(word)-229(of)-230(the)-229(ancient)-229(liturgy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-246(had)-246(in)-246(his)-245(generation)-246(become)-246(almost)-246(unintelligible.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 252.392 3.959 Td [(2758)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.151 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(the)-254(terror)-254(of)-254(the)-254(Marcomannic)-254(invasion)-254(he)-254(delayed)-254(his)-254(departure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-261(the)-260(seat)-261(of)-261(war)-261(to)-260(summon)-261(around)-261(him)-260(all)-261(the)-261(priests;)-266(he)-260(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-222(city)-221(purified)-222(in)-221(solemn,)-228(decorous)-221(fashion,)-227(not)-222(excluding)-221(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-222(rites)-222(of)-222(alien)-222(lands;)-231(and)-222(for)-222(seven)-222(days)-222(the)-222(images)-222(of)-222(the)-222(gods)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-250(feasted)-250(on)-250(their)-250(couches)-250(along)-250(all)-250(the)-250(streets.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.033 3.959 Td [(2759)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -207.077 -19.79 Td [(The)-323(emperors)-324(from)-323(Augustus)-323(found)-323(religion)-324(a)-323(potent)-323(ally)-323(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(sovereignty,)-350(and)-329(the)-330(example)-330(of)-329(the)-330(master)-330(of)-329(the)-330(world)-330(was)-329(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-246(force.)-248(Yet)-246(it)-246(may)-246(well)-245(be)-246(doubted)-246(whether,)-246(in)-246(the)-246(matter)-245(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-328(conservatism,)-347(the)-327(emperors)-328(were)-327(not)-328(rather)-327(following)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-402(leading)-402(public)-402(opinion.)-705(Gods)-402(were)-402(in)-402(those)-402(times)-401(being)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(created)-295(by)-295(the)-295(score;)-318(apotheosis)-295(was)-295(in)-295(the)-295(air)-295(from)-295(the)-295(days)-295(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nero)-300(to)-301(the)-300(days)-301(of)-300(the)-300(Severi.)-402(Petronius,)-313(with)-300(an)-300(exaggeration)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-394(has)-395(a)-394(certain)-394(foundation)-394(in)-394(fact,)-431(affirms)-394(that)-394(in)-394(Croton)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(you)-432(could)-431(more)-432(readily)-431(light)-432(upon)-432(a)-431(god)-432(than)-431(on)-432(a)-432(man.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2760)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-498(elder)-497(Pliny)-498(uses)-497(almost)-497(the)-498(same)-497(strength)-498(of)-497(language.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([538])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(The)-278(grumbler)-279(in)-278(Lucian)-278(indignantly)-278(complains)-279(of)-278(the)-278(fashion)-278(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-285(the)-284(ancient)-285(gods)-285(of)-285(Olympus)-284(are)-285(being)-285(overshadowed)-284(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(divine)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 47.456 0 Td [(parvenus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 43.418 0 Td [(of)-314(every)-314(clime.)-442(And,)-330(as)-314(we)-314(shall)-314(presently)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.373 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.477 Td [(2757)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Jul.)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.836 0 Td [(Ant.)-250(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(c.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -87.43 -7.394 Td [(2758)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2759)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2760)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)-250(c.)-250(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2862 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2863 0 R /Resources 2861 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2860 0 R >> endobj 2864 0 obj << /D [2862 0 R /XYZ 115.934 163.614 null] >> endobj 2861 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2867 0 obj << /Length 6077 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(651)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(see,)-281(the)-274(inscriptions)-274(reveal)-275(an)-274(immense)-275(propaganda)-274(of)-274(worships)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-399(tone)-400(and)-399(spirit)-399(apparently)-400(hostile)-399(to)-399(the)-400(old)-399(religion)-399(of)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Latin)-438(race.)-814(Yet)-437(the)-438(inscriptions)-438(also)-438(show)-438(that)-438(the)-438(old)-437(gods)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-321(really)-321(little)-321(to)-320(fear)-321(from)-321(the)-321(new.)-462(A)-321(survey)-321(of)-321(the)-321(index)-320(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(almost)-289(any)-290(volume)-289(of)-289(the)-289(Corpus)-290(wil)1(l)-290(convince)-289(the)-289(student)-289(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-388(Trinity)-387(of)-388(the)-387(Capitol,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.819 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(Jupiter,)-422(Juno,)-422(and)-387(Minerva,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.629 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(that)]TJ -264.267 -13.549 Td [(Hercules)-257(and)-256(Silvanus,)-258(the)-257(Nymphs,)-258(Semo)-256(Sancus)-257(and)-256(Dea)-256(Dia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mars)-271(and)-272(Fortuna,)-277(so)-271(far)-271(from)-272(being)-271(neglected,)-277(were)-271(apparently)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-331(popular)-331(than)-330(ever.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.859 3.958 Td [(2761)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.809 -3.958 Td [(In)-331(an)-331(age)-330(of)-331(growing)-331(monotheism)]TJ -128.668 -13.55 Td [(the)-406(King)-406(of)-406(the)-406(gods)-405(was,)-445(of)-406(course,)-445(still)-406(supreme)-406(in)-406(his)-405(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascendency.)-958(Jupiter)-486(is)-486(worshipped)-486(under)-486(many)-486(titles;)-604(he)-485(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-241(coupled)-242(or)-241(identified)-242(with)-241(some)-241(provincial)-242(deity)-241(of)-241(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fame.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 24.535 3.959 Td [(2762)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.593 -3.959 Td [(But)-355(Jupiter)-355(is)-354(everywhere.)-564(The)-355(Lord)-355(of)-355(the)-354(thunder)]TJ -47.128 -13.549 Td [(and)-263(the)-263(tempest)-263(has)-264(shrines)-263(on)-263(the)-263(high)-263(passes)-263(of)-263(the)-263(Apennines)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-253(the)-252(Alps,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.266 3.959 Td [(2763)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.203 -3.959 Td [(and)-253(soldiers)-252(or)-253(travellers)-253(leave)-252(the)-253(memorials)-253(of)]TJ -70.469 -13.549 Td [(their)-347(gratitude)-347(for)-347(his)-347(protection)-347(on)-347(perilous)-347(journeys.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.324 3.959 Td [(2764)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.343 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(women)-273(of)-272(Campanian)-273(towns)-272(go)-273(in)-272(procession)-273(to)-272(implore)-273(him)-272(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(send)-312(rain.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.092 3.959 Td [(2765)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.196 -3.959 Td [(Antoninus)-312(Pius)-312(built)-312(a)-312(temple)-312(to)-312(Juno)-312(Sospita)-312(of)]TJ -64.288 -13.549 Td [(Lanuvium,)-241(where)-240(the)-239(goddess)-239(had)-240(a)-239(sacred)-239(grove,)-242(and)-239(a)-239(worship)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-223(great)-224(antiquity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.287 3.959 Td [(2766)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.069 -3.959 Td [(The)-223(Quinquatria)-224(of)-223(Minerva)-223(were)-224(not)-223(only)]TJ -96.356 -13.549 Td [(celebrated)-383(with)-383(special)-382(honour)-383(by)-383(Domitian,)-416(but)-383(by)-383(large)-382(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powerful)-162(classes)-162(who)-162(owned)-162(her)-162(divine)-162(patronage,)-179(physicians)-162(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(artists,)-177(orators)-160(and)-159(poets.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.003 3.959 Td [(2767)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.836 -3.959 Td [(Some)-159(of)-160(the)-159(old)-159(Latin)-159(deities)-160(seem)-159(to)]TJ -124.839 -13.549 Td [(have)-221(even)-221(grown)-221(in)-221(popularity)-221(under)-221(the)-221(early)-221(Empire.)-240(Hercules,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-302(god)-303(of)-302(plenty,)-316(strong)-302(truth,)-315(and)-303(good)-302(faith,)-316(whose)-302(legend)-302(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(intertwined)-281(with)-280(the)-281(most)-280(venerable)-281(names)-280(in)-281(Roman)-280(story,)-288(has)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.483 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.67 Td [(2761)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.164 0 Td [(iii.)-332(p.)-333(1160)-277(sqq.;)-291(xii.)-333(p.)-332(924)-278(sqq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 122.756 0 Td [(Or.)-332(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.339 0 Td [(iii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.823 0 Td [(Ind.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.682 0 Td [(pp.)-332(25,)-285(29,)-284(30,)]TJ -227.719 -10.959 Td [(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2762)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(3070,)-250(3077;)-250(2383;)-250(iii.)-250(2804,)-250(5787;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 138.745 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1244,)-250(1245.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -213.712 -7.311 Td [(2763)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-230(xxi.)-230(38,)-202(quem)-190(in)-191(summo)-190(sacratum)-190(vertice)-190(Poeninum)-190(montani)-191(appellant;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -11.955 -10.959 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(231-6,)-250(5028,)-250(1271.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -40.093 -7.31 Td [(2764)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1267,)-250(1271.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.395 Td [(2765)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Petron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.894 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(44.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -58.531 -7.31 Td [(2766)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Jul.)-250(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.836 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Ant.)-250(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.846 0 Td [(c.)-250(8;)-250(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.069 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Myth.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.828 0 Td [(p.)-250(185.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -192.274 -7.311 Td [(2767)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Dom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(c.)-250(4.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2866 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2867 0 R /Resources 2865 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2860 0 R >> endobj 2865 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2870 0 obj << /Length 5614 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(652)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(his)-324(altars)-323(and)-324(monuments)-324(everywhere.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.759 3.959 Td [(2768)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.579 -3.959 Td [(Combining)-324(with)-323(his)]TJ -192.338 -13.549 Td [(own)-323(native)-323(Latin)-323(character)-323(the)-323(poetic)-323(prestige)-323(of)-323(his)-323(brother)-323(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-164(legend,)-181(he)-164(became)-163(the)-164(symbol)-164(of)-164(world-wide)-163(conquest,)-181(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([539])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(was)-234(associated)-234(in)-234(the)-234(end)-234(with)-234(the)-234(triumph)-234(of)-234(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 214.597 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(unconquered)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.345 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.55 Td [(Mithra.)-674(His)-391(image)-392(is)-391(stamped)-391(upon)-392(the)-391(coins)-391(of)-392(some)-391(of)-391(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperors.)-752(Septimius)-417(Severus,)-460(Caracalla,)-459(and)-417(Diocletian)-417(took)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(him)-394(for)-395(their)-394(great)-394(divine)-394(patron)-395(and)-394(ensample.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.434 3.959 Td [(2769)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.887 -3.959 Td [(Silvanus,)]TJ -240.321 -13.549 Td [(too,)-440(the)-402(god)-402(of)-401(the)-402(primeval)-402(forest,)-440(and,)-440(when)-402(the)-402(forest)-401(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(receded,)-260(the)-258(god)-258(of)-259(the)-258(shepherd)-258(and)-258(the)-258(farmer,)-260(the)-258(guardian)-258(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(boundaries,)-304(acquired)-292(a)-293(strange)-293(vogue)-293(in)-293(what)-293(was)-293(eminently)-292(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-353(of)-354(cities.)-559(One)-354(is)-353(apt,)-379(however,)-379(to)-354(forget)-353(sometimes)-353(that)-353(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-336(an)-336(age)-336(which)-336(had)-336(also)-336(a)-336(charming)-336(country)-336(life.)-508(A)-336(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cavalry)-299(officer)-298(in)-299(Britain)-298(has)-299(left)-299(a)-298(memorial)-299(of)-298(his)-299(gratitude)-298(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Silvanus)-369(for)-370(the)-369(capture)-369(of)-370(a)-369(wild)-369(boar)-370(of)-369(surpassing)-369(size)-369(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(strength,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.877 3.959 Td [(2770)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.082 -3.959 Td [(which)-391(had)-390(long)-391(defied)-390(the)-391(hunter.)-671(In)-391(one)-390(of)-391(the)]TJ -58.959 -13.549 Td [(forest)-379(cantons)-378(of)-379(the)-378(Alps)-379(a)-378(procurator)-379(of)-378(the)-379(imperial)-378(estates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscribed)-291(his)-291(gratitude)-291(in)-291(a)-291(pretty)-291(set)-291(of)-291(verses)-291(to)-291(the)-291(god)-291(of)-291(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wilds,)-215(whose)-206(image)-207(was)-206(enshrined)-207(i)1(n)-207(the)-206(fork)-207(of)-206(a)-206(sacred)-207(ash.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2771)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-406(is)-405(the)-406(record)-406(of)-406(many)-405(a)-406(day)-406(passed)-405(in)-406(lonely)-406(forest)-405(tracks,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(coupled)-314(with)-314(a)-314(prayer)-313(to)-314(be)-314(restored)-314(safely)-314(to)-314(Italian)-314(fields)-313(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-323(gardens)-323(of)-323(Rome.)-470(The)-323(nymphs)-323(and)-323(river)-323(gods)-323(had)-323(all)-323(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-228(honours.)-243(Chapels)-228(and)-228(hostelries,)-232(in)-228(the)-228(days)-228(of)-228(Pliny,)-232(rose)-228(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(banks)-286(of)-287(the)-286(Clitumnus,)-296(where)-287(the)-286(votaries)-287(easily)-286(combined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pleasure)-287(with)-286(religious)-287(duty.)-360(The)-287(nymphs)-286(receive)-287(votive)-286(thanks)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-340(the)-341(discovery)-340(of)-341(hidden)-340(springs,)-363(or)-340(for)-341(the)-340(reappearance)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(some)-396(fountain)-396(long)-397(dried)-396(up.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.129 3.959 Td [(2772)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.95 -3.959 Td [(Aesculapius,)-433(who)-396(had)-396(been)]TJ -156.079 -13.549 Td [(naturalised)-287(in)-288(Italy)-287(since)-287(the)-288(beginning)-287(of)-288(the)-287(third)-287(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 262.829 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(sprang)-263(to)-264(a)-263(foremost)-264(place)-263(in)-264(the)-263(age)-263(of)-264(the)-263(Antonines.)-290(Whether)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-416(was)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.109 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(an)-416(age)-416(of)-417(valetudinarians,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.529 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.384 0 Td [(as)-416(has)-416(been)-416(said,)-458(may)-416(be)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(2768)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1561,)-250(1590;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.082 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(4316;)-250(iii.)-250(1162.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -120.049 -7.311 Td [(2769)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Preller,)-250(p.)-250(437.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2770)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1603.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(2771)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1613.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2772)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1632,)-250(1634,)-250(1637,)-250(5758a.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2869 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2870 0 R /Resources 2868 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2860 0 R >> endobj 2871 0 obj << /D [2869 0 R /XYZ 291.943 491.077 null] >> endobj 2868 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2874 0 obj << /Length 5414 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(653)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(doubtful;)-317(but)-295(it)-295(was)-295(an)-295(age)-295(eagerly)-295(in)-295(quest)-295(of)-295(the)-295(health)-294(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-276(often)-276(comes)-276(from)-276(the)-277(quiet)-276(mind.)-328(Whatever)-276(we)-276(may)-276(think)-276(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-215(powers)-215(of)-216(the)-215(old)-215(Olympians,)-222(there)-215(can)-216(be)-215(no)-215(doubt)-215(about)-215(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beneficent)-224(influence)-225(of)-224(the)-224(god)-224(of)-225(Epidaurus.)-241(He)-224(was)-224(summoned)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-374(Rome)-374(300)-374(years)-374(before)-374(Christ,)-405(and)-374(obtained)-374(a)-374(home)-374(in)-373(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(island)-208(in)-209(the)-208(Tiber,)-217(where)-208(for)-208(ages)-209(he)-208(gave)-208(his)-209(succour)-208(in)-208(dreams.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(His)-421(worship)-420(spread)-421(far)-421(and)-420(wide,)-464(and)-420(was)-421(one)-421(of)-420(the)-421(last)-420(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(succumb)-250(to)-250(the)-250(advance)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Church.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.964 3.959 Td [(2773)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -158.008 -22.013 Td [(The)-260(unassailable)-260(permanence)-259(of)-260(the)-260(old)-260(religion)-260(may)-259(perhaps)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(be)-556(still)-556(more)-556(vividly)-556(realised)-556(in)-556(the)-556(long)-556(unbroken)-556(life)-555(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([540])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(sacred)-337(colleges,)-358(such)-337(as)-337(the)-337(Salii)-337(and)-336(the)-337(Fratres)-337(Arvales.)-510(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Arval)-382(brotherhood)-382(was)-382(probably)-382(the)-382(oldest)-382(sacred)-382(corporation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-364(Latium,)-393(as)-364(its)-364(liturgy,)-392(preserved)-364(in)-364(the)-364(Acta)-364(from)-364(the)-364(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-394(Augustus)-393(to)-394(that)-393(of)-394(Gordian,)-430(i)1(s)-394(the)-394(oldest)-393(specimen)-394(of)-393(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Latin)-310(language.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.516 3.959 Td [(2774)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.115 -3.959 Td [(According)-310(to)-309(the)-310(legend,)-324(the)-310(first)-309(members)]TJ -89.631 -13.549 Td [(were)-455(the)-456(twelve)-455(sons)-455(of)-455(Acca)-455(Larentia,)-507(the)-455(foster-mother)-455(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Romulus,)-340(and)-323(Romulus)-322(himself)-322(first)-322(held)-323(the)-322(dignity)-322(of)-322(master)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-275(the)-276(brotherhood.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 84.479 3.959 Td [(2775)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.997 -3.959 Td [(Its)-275(patron)-276(goddess,)-282(Dea)-275(Dia,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 124.79 3.959 Td [(2776)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.512 -3.959 Td [(was,)-282(as)]TJ -248.778 -13.549 Td [(her)-287(very)-286(name)-287(suggests,)-296(one)-287(of)-286(those)-287(dim)-287(shadowy)-286(conceptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dear)-235(to)-235(old)-235(Roman)-235(awe,)-238(who)-235(was)-235(worshipped)-235(in)-235(the)-235(still)-234(solitude)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-374(ancient)-374(groves,)-405(on)-374(whose)-374(trunks)-374(no)-374(axe)-374(of)-374(iron)-374(might)-374(ever)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ring,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 20.302 3.959 Td [(2777)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.571 -3.959 Td [(a)-280(power)-279(as)-280(elusive)-280(and)-280(multiform)-279(to)-280(picturing)-280(fancy)-279(as)]TJ -39.873 -13.549 Td [(the)-387(secret)-387(forces)-388(which)-387(shot)-387(up)-387(the)-388(corn)-387(ear)-387(from)-387(the)-387(furrow.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-283(whole)-283(tone)-283(of)-283(the)-283(antique)-283(ritual)-283(savours)-283(of)-283(a)-283(time)-283(when)-282(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Latin)-320(race)-320(was)-319(a)-320(tribe)-320(of)-320(farmers,)-337(believing)-320(with)-320(a)-320(simple)-319(faith)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-258(the)-259(yearly)-258(increase)-259(of)-258(their)-258(fields)-259(depended)-258(on)-259(the)-258(favour)-258(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(secret)-271(unearthly)-271(powers.)-313(The)-271(meetings)-271(of)-271(the)-271(college)-271(took)-270(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-230(three)-230(days)-230(in)-230(May,)-234(the)-230(precise)-230(dates)-230(being)-230(fixed)-230(and)-230(solemnly)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.285 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.472 Td [(2773)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Preller,)-250(pp.)-250(406-8;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.49 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(1580,)-250(1581,)-250(1572.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -96.629 -7.311 Td [(2774)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-344(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.474 0 Td [(2270;)-297(cf.)-343(Wordsworth,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 85.033 0 Td [(Specimens)-281(of)-281(Early)-282(Latin)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 91.248 0 Td [(,)-289(p.)-344(158;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.243 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -259.953 -10.958 Td [(vi.)-250(2024)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.395 Td [(2775)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Preller,)-250(p.)-250(293.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2776)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.296 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(74,)-250(275.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -97.876 -7.311 Td [(2777)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2059,)-250(ob)-250(inlatum)-250(ferrum,)-250(etc.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2873 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2874 0 R /Resources 2872 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2860 0 R >> endobj 2875 0 obj << /D [2873 0 R /XYZ 46.771 391.728 null] >> endobj 2872 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2878 0 obj << /Length 5567 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(654)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(announced)-211(by)-212(their)-211(master)-212(on)-211(the)-211(3rd)-212(of)-211(January.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.219 3.959 Td [(2778)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.025 -3.959 Td [(The)-211(festival)]TJ -229.244 -13.549 Td [(began)-220(and)-219(ended)-220(in)-219(the)-220(master)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 130.731 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-220(house)-219(at)-220(Rome,)-225(the)-220(intermediate)]TJ -134.364 -13.549 Td [(day)-259(being)-259(spent)-259(in)-259(a)-260(sacred)-259(grove)-259(on)-259(the)-259(right)-259(bank)-259(of)-259(the)-259(Tiber,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(about)-414(four)-414(miles)-413(from)-414(the)-414(city.)-741(There)-414(was)-414(much)-414(feasting,)-454(at)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-362(the)-362(brethren)-361(were)-362(attended)-362(by)-362(the)-361(Camilli,)-390(four)-362(sons)-361(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(high-born)-262(senators.)-287(Corn)-262(of)-263(the)-262(new)-262(and)-263(the)-262(preceding)-262(year)-262(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(touched)-347(and)-348(blessed;)-396(libations)-347(and)-347(incense)-348(were)-347(offered)-347(to)-347(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(goddess,)-424(and)-389(all)-389(the)-389(rites)-389(were)-389(performed)-389(with)-388(many)-389(changes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-277(costume,)-284(which)-277(were)-278(rigidly)-277(observed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.429 3.958 Td [(2779)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.055 -3.958 Td [(In)-277(the)-277(ceremonies)]TJ -202.484 -13.55 Td [(which)-438(took)-438(place)-437(in)-438(the)-438(grove,)-484(an)-438(expiatory)-438(sacrifice)-438(of)-437(two)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(porkers)-374(and)-375(a)-374(white)-374(cow)-375(was)-374(always)-374(offered,)-406(to)-374(atone)-374(for)-374(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(use)-297(of)-296(any)-297(iron)-297(implement,)-308(or)-297(other)-296(infringement)-297(of)-297(the)-296(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rubric.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.778 3.959 Td [(2780)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.548 -3.959 Td [(Fat)-323(lambs)-323(were)-322(offered)-323(in)-323(sacrifice)-323(to)-322(Dea)-323(Dia,)-341(and)]TJ -50.326 -13.549 Td [(ancient)-203(earthen)-202(vessels)-203(of)-203(rude)-203(make,)-212(resembling)-202(those)-203(of)-203(the)-202(age)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-288(Numa,)-297(were)-288(adored)-288(upon)-288(the)-288(altar.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.57 3.959 Td [(2781)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.409 -3.959 Td [(Ears)-288(of)-288(corn,)-297(plucked)]TJ -185.979 -13.549 Td [(in)-359(some)-359(neighbouring)-358(field,)-386(were)-359(blessed)-359(and)-359(passed)-359(from)-358(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([541])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(hand)-243(of)-243(one)-244(member)-243(to)-243(another,)-245(and)-243(back)-243(again)-243(in)-243(reverse)-243(order,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and,)-406(at)-374(last,)-405(in)-375(the)-374(closed)-375(temple,)-405(along)-375(with)-374(solemn)-374(dancing,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-383(famous)-383(chant)-382(was)-383(intoned)-383(from)-383(ancient)-383(scrolls,)-416(the)-382(words)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-309(which)-308(had)-309(long)-308(become)-309(strange)-308(even)-309(to)-308(the)-309(antiquary.)-425(After)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-253(meal)-254(in)-253(the)-253(hall)-254(of)-253(the)-254(brotherhood,)-254(the)-253(members)-253(passed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-250(to)-250(the)-250(circus)-250(and)-250(gave)-250(the)-250(signal)-250(for)-250(the)-250(races)-250(to)-250(begin.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.16 3.959 Td [(2782)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -239.205 -17.508 Td [(This)-327(ritual,)-345(so)-327(little)-326(heard)-327(of)-327(before)-326(the)-327(time)-326(of)-327(Augustus,)-346(is)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(chiefly)-334(known)-335(to)-334(us)-334(from)-334(the)-334(Acta)-335(which)-334(have)-334(been)-334(recovered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-302(the)-301(site)-302(of)-302(the)-302(ancient)-301(grove.)-406(The)-301(monuments)-302(of)-302(it)-301(extend)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-392(the)-393(reign)-392(of)-392(Augustus)-392(to)-393(the)-392(year)-392(241)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 202.73 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 15.978 3.959 Td [(2783)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.718 -3.959 Td [(Members)]TJ -239.426 -13.549 Td [(of)-482(the)-483(highest)-482(aristocracy)-482(and)-482(princes)-483(of)-482(the)-482(imperial)-482(house)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appear)-341(on)-341(its)-341(lists.)-523(Its)-341(membership)-341(was)-341(a)-341(high)-341(distinction,)-363(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.32 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.508 Td [(2778)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.187 0 Td [(vi.)-329(2040,)-282(2041,)-283(2043;)-290(Preller,)-282(p.)-329(294;)-289(Oldenberg,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 180.118 0 Td [(De)-276(Sacris)-276(Fr.)-329(Arv.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.644 0 Td [(p.)]TJ -273.905 -10.959 Td [(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2779)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Oldenberg,)-250(p.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2780)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2086.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(2781)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)-250(i.)-250(p.)-250(369;)-250(Oldenberg,)-250(p.)-250(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2782)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)-250(i.)-250(p.)-250(374;)-250(Preller,)-250(p.)-250(295.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2783)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2023-2113.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2877 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2878 0 R /Resources 2876 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2860 0 R >> endobj 2879 0 obj << /D [2877 0 R /XYZ 247.026 314.937 null] >> endobj 2876 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2882 0 obj << /Length 5510 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(655)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(was)-320(sometimes)-321(conferred)-320(by)-320(the)-321(potent)-320(recommendation)-320(of)-320(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.077 3.959 Td [(2784)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.898 -3.959 Td [(The)-364(college)-364(evidently)-364(became)-364(a)-364(great)-364(support)-364(of)]TJ -61.975 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(imperial)-250(power.)]TJ 11.956 -16.655 Td [(The)-355(emperors)-354(were)-355(elected)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 125.12 0 Td [(magistri)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.239 0 Td [(of)-355(the)-354(College,)-381(and)-355(we)]TJ -177.315 -13.549 Td [(can)-279(read)-280(that)-279(Caligula,)-287(Nero,)-287(Vespasian,)-286(and)-280(Titus)-279(were)-279(present)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-276(its)-276(meetings.)-328(In)-276(the)-276(opening)-276(days)-276(of)-276(January)-276(the)-276(most)-275(solemn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vows)-326(are)-326(made)-325(in)-326(old)-326(Roman)-325(fashion)-326(for)-326(the)-326(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 240.422 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-326(safety,)]TJ -244.055 -13.549 Td [(to)-345(Jupiter,)-370(Juno,)-369(and)-345(Minerva,)-369(to)-346(Salus)-345(and)-346(Dea)-345(Dia,)-369(and)-345(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-400(duly)-401(paid)-400(by)-400(offerings)-401(of)-400(oxen)-400(with)-400(gilded)-401(horns.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 245.026 3.958 Td [(2785)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.084 -3.958 Td [(So)]TJ -269.11 -13.55 Td [(servile)-215(or)-214(so)-215(devoted)-214(to)-215(the)-214(throne)-215(was)-215(the)-214(brotherhood,)-222(that)-214(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prayers)-218(were)-218(offered)-218(with)-217(equal)-218(fervour)-218(for)-218(three)-218(emperors)-218(in)-217(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(awful)-221(year)-220(69)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 61.746 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 15.978 3.959 Td [(2786)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.845 -3.959 Td [(The)-221(vows)-220(made)-221(for)-221(Galba)-220(in)-221(the)-221(first)-220(week)]TJ -96.569 -13.549 Td [(of)-294(January)-294(were)-294(alertly)-293(transferred)-294(to)-294(the)-294(cause)-294(of)-294(Otho)-294(the)-293(day)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-265(Galba)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.931 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-265(murder.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 41.371 3.958 Td [(2787)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.667 -3.958 Td [(The)-265(college)-266(met)-265(to)-265(sacrifice)-266(in)-265(honour)]TJ -113.602 -13.55 Td [(of)-264(Otho)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.791 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-264(pontificate)-265(on)-264(the)-265(day)-264(\050March)-265(14\051)-264(on)-265(which)-264(he)-264(set)-265(out)]TJ -37.424 -13.549 Td [(to)-273(meet)-272(his)-273(doom)-272(in)-273(the)-272(battle)-272(on)-273(the)-272(Po.)-318(Thirteen)-272(days)-273(after)-272(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death,)-238(while)-235(the)-235(spring)-235(air)-235(was)-235(still)-235(tainted)-235(with)-235(the)-235(rotting)-234(heaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-369(the)-369(plain)-369(of)-370(Bedriacum,)-399(vows)-369(as)-369(fervent)-369(or)-369(as)-369(politic)-369(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(registered)-251(for)-250(Vitellius.)-252(In)-250(the)-251(summer)-250(of)-251(the)-250(following)-251(year,)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(arrival)-334(of)-335(Vespasian)-334(in)-334(the)-334(capital)-334(was)-335(celebrated)-334(by)-334(the)-334(Arval)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brothers)-375(with)-375(sacrifices)-375(to)-375(Jupiter,)-406(Juno,)-406(Minerva)-375(and)-374(Fortuna)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Redux.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.211 3.959 Td [(2788)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -19.255 -20.613 Td [(The)-548(college,)-623(as)-549(a)-548(matter)-549(of)-548(course,)-623(paid)-549(due)-548(honour)-548(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-445(emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.537 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-445(birthday)-445(and)-445(all)-446(important)-445(anniversaries)-445(in)-445(his)]TJ -58.17 -13.55 Td [(family.)-967(It)-489(is)-489(interesting)-489(to)-489(see)-489(how)-489(for)-489(years)-489(the)-488(Neronian)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([542])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(circle,)-397(the)-367(Othos)-368(and)-367(Vitellii,)-397(along)-367(with)-368(Valerii)-367(and)-367(Cornelii,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appear)-378(in)-377(all)-377(the)-378(records)-377(of)-378(the)-377(college.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 179.381 3.959 Td [(2789)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.337 -3.959 Td [(It)-377(was)-378(apparently)]TJ -202.718 -13.549 Td [(devoted)-422(to)-423(Nero.)-767(The)-422(brothers)-423(celebrate)-422(his)-423(birthday)-422(and)-422(all)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.445 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.633 Td [(2784)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2056,)-250(ex)-250(tabella)-250(missa)-250(Imp.)-250(Vesp.)-250(cooptamus,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2785)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2024.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2786)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2787)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Jan.)-250(16,)-250(69)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 41.093 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.788 -7.31 Td [(2788)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2052.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(2789)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2040,)-250(2041.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2881 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2882 0 R /Resources 2880 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2884 0 R >> endobj 2883 0 obj << /D [2881 0 R /XYZ 46.771 186.784 null] >> endobj 2880 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2887 0 obj << /Length 5701 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(656)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-414(civic)-414(and)-414(sacerdotal)-413(honours)-414(heaped)-414(upon)-414(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 233.684 3.959 Td [(2790)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.528 -3.959 Td [(They)]TJ -258.212 -13.549 Td [(make)-340(vows)-340(for)-340(his)-341(wife)-340(Octavia,)-362(and)-340(soon)-341(after,)-362(for)-340(the)-340(safety)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-316(Poppaea)-317(in)-316(childbirth.)-449(The)-316(matricide)-317(dreaded)-316(to)-316(return)-316(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Campania)-281(after)-281(his)-280(unnatural)-281(crime,)-288(but)-281(his)-281(admirers)-281(knew)-280(well)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-490(abasement)-490(of)-489(the)-490(Roman)-490(aristocracy,)-550(and)-490(promised)-489(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-380(enthusiastic)-380(reception.)-639(The)-380(Arval)-380(brotherhood,)-413(which)-379(then)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(included)-259(a)-260(Regulus)-259(and)-260(a)-259(Memmius,)-262(redeemed)-259(the)-260(promise,)-261(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(voted)-299(costly)-300(sacrifices)-299(for)-300(his)-299(safe)-299(restoration)-300(to)-299(the)-300(capital.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2791)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(They)-197(execrate)-197(the)-198(secret)-197(plots)-197(against)-197(his)-197(sacred)-198(person,)-207(and)-197(offer)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(thanksgiving)-250(for)-250(the)-250(detection)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Pisonian)-250(conspiracy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 251.487 3.959 Td [(2792)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -239.531 -17.508 Td [(The)-558(extant)-559(prayers)-558(and)-559(congratulations)-558(for)-559(the)-558(safety)-558(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian)-415(are)-414(much)-415(more)-414(quiet)-414(and)-415(restrained)-414(than)-415(those)-414(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-361(cruel)-361(son)-361(Domitian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 105.443 3.959 Td [(2793)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.794 -3.959 Td [(The)-361(public)-361(joy)-361(at)-361(Domitian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 123.016 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-361(safe)]TJ -254.886 -13.549 Td [(return)-167(from)-168(ambiguous)-167(victories)-168(in)-167(Germany)-167(or)-168(Dacia)-167(is)-167(faithfully)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(re-echoed,)-273(and)-268(effusive)-268(supplications)-268(are)-268(recorded)-268(for)-268(his)-268(safety)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-223(all)-223(peril)-222(and)-223(for)-223(the)-223(eternity)-223(of)-222(the)-223(Empire)-223(whose)-223(bounds)-222(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-221(enlarged.)-240(There)-221(is)-221(a)-221(sincerer)-221(tone)-220(in)-221(the)-221(prayers,)-227(in)-221(the)-220(spring)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-366(101,)-395(for)-367(the)-366(safe)-366(return)-366(of)-366(Trajan,)-396(when)-366(he)-366(was)-366(setting)-366(out)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-313(his)-313(first)-313(campaign)-313(on)-312(the)-313(Danube,)-329(and)-313(on)-313(his)-312(home-coming)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(four)-372(years)-371(later.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.413 3.959 Td [(2794)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.145 -3.959 Td [(The)-372(Arval)-371(records)-372(of)-371(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.35 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-372(reign)-371(are)]TJ -232.541 -13.549 Td [(chiefly)-308(noteworthy)-308(for)-308(his)-308(letters)-308(to)-308(the)-308(college,)-322(recommending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-345(friends)-344(for)-345(election.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.293 3.959 Td [(2795)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.265 -3.959 Td [(In)-345(the)-344(reign)-345(of)-345(Antoninus)-345(Pius)-344(the)]TJ -126.558 -13.549 Td [(Acta)-285(register)-285(those)-285(perfervi)1(d)-285(acclamations)-285(which)-285(meet)-285(us)-285(in)-284(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(later)-230(Augustan)-230(histories:)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.224 3.959 Td [(2796)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.438 -3.959 Td [(\024\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.753 0 Td [(O)-230(nos)-230(felices)-230(qui)-230(te)-230(Imperatorem)]TJ -138.415 -13.549 Td [(videmus;)-516(Di)-428(te)-427(servent)-428(in)-428(perpetuo;)-516(juvenis)-428(triumphi)1(s,)-472(senex)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Imperator!)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.648 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.193 0 Td [(The)-399(young)-398(M.)-399(Aurelius)-399(is)-399(first)-398(mentioned)-399(in)-399(155)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf -55.841 -13.549 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.053 0 Td [(Probably)-282(the)-282(sincerest)-282(utterance)-282(in)-281(the)-282(Arval)-282(liturgies)-282(is)-282(the)]TJ -19.053 -13.549 Td [(petition)-193(for)-193(his)-194(safety,)-204(and)-193(that)-194(of)-193(L.)-193(Verus,)-205(from)-193(peril)-193(in)-193(the)-193(years)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.565 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.752 Td [(2790)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2039.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2791)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2042.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2792)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2044;)-250(cf.)-250(2029)-250(\050Caligula\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(2793)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2064,)-250(2067.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2794)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2074.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2795)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2078.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2796)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(2086;)-250(cf.)-250(Flav.)-250(Vop.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.466 0 Td [(Probus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.904 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(12.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2886 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2887 0 R /Resources 2885 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2884 0 R >> endobj 2885 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2890 0 obj << /Length 5122 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(657)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(when)-327(the)-327(Quadi)-328(and)-327(Marcomanni)-327(swept)-327(down)-327(through)-327(Rhaetia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(the)-250(Julian)-250(Alps)-250(to)-250(the)-250(shores)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Adriatic.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 210.884 3.959 Td [(2797)]TJ 80.14 -3.959 Td [([543])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -14.897 Td [(It)-280(was)-279(thus)-280(that)-280(the)-279(antique)-280(ritual)-280(of)-279(a)-280(rustic)-280(brotherhood)-279(was)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(converted)-322(into)-323(a)-322(potent)-322(support)-322(of)-323(the)-322(imperial)-322(power.)-467(No)-322(part)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-403(the)-404(Augustan)-403(revival)-404(was)-403(perhaps)-404(so)-403(successful.)-710(Probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(few)-286(of)-286(the)-286(emperors,)-295(or)-286(of)-286(the)-286(aristocratic)-286(brothers)-286(who)-286(intoned)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-359(litany)-359(for)-360(the)-359(safety)-359(of)-359(the)-359(imperial)-360(house,)-386(had)-359(much)-359(faith)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-308(its)-309(efficacy.)-425(But)-308(the)-309(ceremony)-308(linked)-308(the)-309(principate)-308(with)-308(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-274(venerable)-275(traditions)-274(of)-275(Latium,)-280(and)-274(with)-275(Romulus)-274(the)-274(first)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(master)-415(of)-415(the)-415(college.)-745(When)-415(we)-415(read)-415(the)-415(minute)-415(and)-415(formal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(record)-211(of)-210(these)-211(coarse)-210(sacrifices)-211(and)-210(rude,)-219(fantastic)-210(rites,)-219(with)-210(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chanting)-286(of)-286(prayers)-286(no)-287(longer)-286(understood,)-295(we)-286(are)-286(amazed)-286(at)-286(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prolongation)-162(for)-161(so)-162(many)-162(ages)-161(of)-162(religious)-162(ideas)-161(which)-162(the)-161(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind)-236(might)-235(appear)-236(to)-236(have)-235(outgrown.)-246(Yet)-235(in)-236(such)-236(inquiries)-235(there)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(is)-300(often)-300(a)-300(danger)-300(of)-300(treating)-299(society)-300(as)-300(a)-300(uniform)-300(mass,)-312(moving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(together)-455(along)-455(the)-454(same)-455(lines,)-506(and)-455(permeated)-455(through)-455(all)-454(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(strata)-248(by)-248(the)-248(same)-248(influences.)-249(In)-248(another)-248(chapter)-248(we)-248(have)-248(shown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-367(the)-368(masses)-367(were)-367(probably)-367(never)-367(so)-368(superstitious)-367(as)-367(in)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(second)-447(century.)-842(And)-447(the)-447(singular)-447(thing)-447(is)-447(that)-447(the)-447(influx)-447(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foreign)-325(religions,)-343(due)-325(to)-324(the)-325(wide)-324(conquests)-325(of)-325(Rome,)-343(never)-324(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-412(end)-412(seems)-412(to)-411(have)-412(shaken)-412(the)-412(supreme)-412(attachment)-412(of)-411(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people)-421(to)-422(their)-421(ancient)-421(gods.)-764(It)-422(is)-421(true)-421(that)-422(the)-421(drift)-421(towards)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monotheism)-447(was)-448(felt)-447(even)-448(among)-447(the)-447(crowd.)-843(But)-447(while)-447(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(educated)-211(might)-210(find)-211(expression)-210(for)-211(that)-211(tendency)-210(in)-211(the)-210(adoration)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-418(Isis)-418(or)-419(the)-418(Sun,)-460(the)-418(dim)-419(monotheism)-418(of)-418(the)-418(people)-418(turned)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-331(the)-332(glorification)-331(of)-332(Jupiter.)-494(Dedications)-331(to)-331(him)-332(are)-331(the)-331(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(numerous)-300(in)-300(all)-300(lands.)-399(He)-300(is)-300(often)-300(linked)-300(with)-300(other)-300(gods)-300(or)-299(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-382(gods,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.828 3.959 Td [(2798)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.959 -3.959 Td [(but)-382(he)-381(is)-382(always)-381(supreme.)-645(And,)-414(while)-382(he)-381(is)-382(the)]TJ -61.787 -13.549 Td [(lord)-263(of)-264(tempest)-263(and)-264(thunder,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.902 3.959 Td [(2799)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.349 -3.959 Td [(he)-263(is)-264(also)-263(addressed)-264(by)-263(epithets)]TJ -143.251 -13.549 Td [(which)-387(show)-386(that)-387(he)-387(is)-386(becoming)-387(a)-387(moral)-386(and)-387(spiritual)-386(power.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(On)-255(many)-256(a)-255(stone)-256(he)-255(appears)-256(as)-255(the)-256(governor)-255(and)-256(preserver)-255(of)-255(all)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(2797)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2092.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(2798)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(5788;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.628 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(1245,)-250(1290.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.686 -7.311 Td [(2799)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(1238,)-250(Fulguratori,)-250(1240,)-250(1271,)-250(Jovi)-250(O.)-250(M.)-250(tempestatum)-250(potenti.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2889 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2890 0 R /Resources 2888 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2884 0 R >> endobj 2891 0 obj << /D [2889 0 R /XYZ 46.771 502.259 null] >> endobj 2888 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2894 0 obj << /Length 5372 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(658)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(things,)-258(monitor,)-259(guardian,)-258(and)-257(heavenly)-257(patron,)-258(highest)-257(and)-256(best)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-326(the)-327(heavenly)-326(hierarchy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.405 3.959 Td [(2800)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.668 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-326(it)-327(is)-326(equally)-327(clear)-326(that)-327(other)]TJ -138.073 -13.549 Td [(gods)-240(are)-239(worshipped)-240(in)-240(the)-239(same)-240(spirit)-240(as)-240(of)-239(old.)-247(Roman)-239(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-407(essentially)-408(practical.)-722(Prayer)-407(and)-407(vow)-408(were)-407(the)-407(means)-407(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(win)-337(temporal)-337(blessings.)-511(The)-337(gods)-337(were)-338(expected,)-358(in)-337(return)-337(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worship,)-480(to)-433(be)-434(of)-433(use)-434(to)-434(the)-433(devotee.)-801(It)-434(is)-433(evident)-434(from)-433(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-322(that)-321(this)-322(conception)-321(of)-321(religion)-322(was)-321(as)-322(prevalent)-321(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([544])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(the)-182(age)-183(of)-182(the)-182(Antonines,)-196(or)-182(of)-182(the)-183(oriental)-182(princes,)-196(as)-182(it)-182(was)-182(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(Republic.)-494(The)-332(sailor)-331(still)-331(offers)-332(thanks)-331(for)-331(his)-331(preservation)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-252(Neptune)-253(and)-252(the)-253(gods)-252(of)-252(the)-253(sea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.487 3.959 Td [(2801)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.244 -3.959 Td [(The)-252(successful)-253(merchant)]TJ -172.731 -13.549 Td [(still)-324(honours)-324(Mercury.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.882 3.959 Td [(2802)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.589 -3.959 Td [(Minerva)-324(Memor)-324(receives)-324(thanks)-324(for)]TJ -120.471 -13.549 Td [(succour)-272(in)-272(sickness.)-316(A)-272(lady)-272(of)-272(Placentia)-272(even)-272(pays)-272(her)-271(vows)-272(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-224(recovery)-223(of)-224(her)-224(hair.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.962 3.959 Td [(2803)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.07 -3.959 Td [(The)-224(reappearance)-223(of)-224(a)-224(hidden)-224(spring)]TJ -123.032 -13.549 Td [(is)-318(still)-318(attributed)-318(to)-319(the)-318(grace)-318(of)-318(the)-318(Nymphs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 200.782 3.958 Td [(2804)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.395 -3.958 Td [(And)-318(in)-318(many)]TJ -222.177 -13.55 Td [(a)-303(temple)-304(the)-303(healing)-303(power)-303(of)-304(Aesculapius)-303(is)-303(acknowledged)-303(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grateful)-250(devotees.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.553 3.959 Td [(2805)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -65.597 -21.944 Td [(A)-352(more)-352(difficult)-352(problem)-352(is)-352(presented)-352(by)-352(the)-352(attitude)-352(of)-352(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(cultivated)-523(class)-523(to)-523(the)-523(old)-523(mythologies.)-1069(Since)-523(the)-523(days)-523(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Xenophanes)-369(and)-368(of)-368(Plato,)-399(philosophy)-368(had)-369(revolted)-368(against)-368(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(degradation)-382(of)-382(the)-382(Divine)-383(character)-382(by)-382(ancient)-382(legend.)-646(It)-382(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(taught)-323(for)-323(ages)-322(the)-323(unity)-323(of)-322(the)-323(mysterious)-323(Power)-323(or)-322(Goodness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-573(lies)-573(behind)-573(the)-572(shifting)-573(scene)-573(of)-573(sense.)-1218(Moreover,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophy)-161(for)-160(generations)-161(had)-160(deserted)-161(the)-160(heights)-161(of)-160(speculative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inquiry,)-281(and)-275(addressed)-275(itself)-275(to)-274(the)-275(task)-275(of)-275(applying)-275(the)-274(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth)-401(which)-400(the)-401(schools)-400(had)-401(won)-400(to)-401(the)-400(problems)-401(of)-400(practical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(religion)-268(and)-268(human)-269(life.)-304(Alike)-268(in)-269(Cicero,)-272(in)-269(Seneca,)-272(in)-268(Plutarch,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-300(M.)-299(Aurelius,)-312(there)-299(are)-300(conceptions)-299(of)-300(God)-299(and)-300(the)-299(worship)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(due)-410(to)-410(Him,)-450(of)-410(prayer,)-450(of)-410(the)-410(relation)-410(of)-410(conduct)-410(to)-409(religion,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.445 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.633 Td [(2800)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii,)-250(1032,)-250(1948,)-250(1590;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 79.46 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(1269,)-250(1248,)-250(1225,)-250(1269;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 89.915 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(1066.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -244.35 -7.311 Td [(2801)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(1335.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.31 Td [(2802)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1410.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2803)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1428,)-250(1429,)-250(restitutione)-250(facta)-250(sibi)-250(capillorum.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2804)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1634.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2805)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(1572,)-250(1576.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2893 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2894 0 R /Resources 2892 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2884 0 R >> endobj 2895 0 obj << /D [2893 0 R /XYZ 321.586 436.88 null] >> endobj 2892 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2898 0 obj << /Length 4845 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(659)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-254(seem)-253(irreconcilable)-254(with)-254(conformity)-254(to)-253(the)-254(old)-254(religion)-253(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rome.)-360(How)-287(could)-286(a)-287(man,)-296(nourished)-287(on)-286(such)-287(spiritual)-287(ideas)-286(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(refined)-369(by)-370(a)-369(thousand)-369(years)-369(of)-369(growing)-370(culture,)-399(take)-369(part)-369(in)-369(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gross)-281(materialistic)-281(worship,)-289(and)-281(even)-281(gallantly)-281(defend)-281(it)-280(against)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all)-250(assailants?)]TJ 11.956 -14.541 Td [(The)-252(conformity)-253(of)-252(highly)-252(instructed)-253(minds)-252(to)-252(ancient)-253(systems)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(which)-334(their)-334(reason)-334(has)-334(outgrown)-334(is)-334(not)-334(always)-334(to)-334(be)-333(explained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-361(the)-362(easy)-361(imputation)-362(of)-361(dishonesty.)-584(And)-362(that)-361(explanation)-361(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-367(less)-366(admissible)-367(in)-366(ancient)-367(than)-366(in)-366(modern)-367(times.)-599(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-273(did)-273(not)-274(demand)-273(any)-273(profession)-273(of)-274(faith)-273(in)-273(any)-273(theory)-273(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-292(unseen;)-312(all)-292(it)-292(required)-292(was)-291(ceremonial)-292(purity)-292(and)-291(exactness.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-365(the)-365(Roman)-365(world)-365(was)-365(never)-365(scandalised)-365(by)-365(the)-365(spectacle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-428(a)-429(notorious)-428(sceptic)-429(or)-428(libertine)-429(holding)-428(the)-429(office)-428(of)-428(chief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pontiff.)-731(If)-411(a)-410(man)-411(were)-410(more)-411(scrupul)1(ous)-411(himself,)-450(philosophy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whether)-483(of)-484(the)-483(Porch)-483(or)-483(the)-483(Academy,)-542(came)-483(to)-484(his)-483(aid.)-949(It)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(would)-395(tell)-394(him)-395(that)-394(frail)-395(humanity,)-431(unable)-394(to)-395(comprehend)-394(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([545])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Infinite)-269(God,)-273(had)-269(parcelled)-269(out)-269(and)-269(detached)-269(his)-269(various)-268(powers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-463(virtues,)-516(which)-463(it)-463(adored)-463(under)-463(material)-463(forms)-463(according)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-403(its)-402(varying)-403(needs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.87 3.959 Td [(2806)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.163 -3.959 Td [(Or)-403(it)-402(found)-403(a)-403(place)-402(for)-403(all)-403(the)-402(gods)]TJ -117.033 -13.549 Td [(of)-383(heathendom,)-415(as)-383(ministering)-382(or)-383(mediating)-382(spirits)-383(in)-382(the)-382(vast)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(abyss)-327(which)-328(separates)-327(us)-328(from)-327(the)-328(unapproachable)-327(and)-327(Infinite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Spirit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.979 3.959 Td [(2807)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.661 -3.959 Td [(If)-265(the)-265(legends)-265(which)-266(had)-265(gathered)-265(around)-265(the)-265(popular)]TJ -46.64 -13.549 Td [(gods)-367(offended)-368(a)-367(tender)-367(moral)-368(sense,)-396(men)-368(were)-367(taught)-367(that)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apparent)-297(grossness)-297(was)-297(an)-297(allegorical)-297(husk,)-309(or)-297(a)-297(freak)-297(of)-296(poetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fancy)-437(which)-437(concealed)-437(a)-436(wholesome)-437(truth.)-811(Thus)-437(a)-436(pantheist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-353(monotheist,)-378(who)-353(would)-353(never)-353(have)-353(created)-353(such)-353(a)-352(religious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(system)-454(for)-454(himself,)-504(was)-454(trained)-454(to)-453(cultivate)-454(a)-454(double)-454(self)-453(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(matters)-256(of)-256(religion,)-257(to)-256(worship)-256(reverently)-256(with)-255(the)-256(crowd,)-258(and)-255(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(believe)-250(with)-250(Zeno)-250(or)-250(with)-250(Plato.)]TJ 11.956 -14.541 Td [(The)-489(heathen)-488(champion)-489(in)-488(the)-489(dialogue)-488(of)-489(Minucius)-488(Felix)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(maintains)-446(that,)-496(in)-446(the)-446(dimness)-446(and)-447(uncertainty)-446(of)-446(things,)-495(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.03 Td [(2806)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.743 0 Td [(H.)-354(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.291 0 Td [(ii.)-563(7,)-380(5,)-381(fragilis)-354(et)-354(laboriosa)-355(mortalitas)-354(in)-354(partes)-355(ista)-354(digessit)]TJ -56.989 -10.959 Td [(infirmitatis)-250(suae)-250(memor,)-250(ut)-250(portionibus)-250(coleret)-250(quisque)-250(quo)-250(maxime)-250(indigeret.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2807)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(supra,)-250(p.)-250(425)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2897 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2898 0 R /Resources 2896 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2884 0 R >> endobj 2899 0 obj << /D [2897 0 R /XYZ 161.021 313.945 null] >> endobj 2896 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2902 0 obj << /Length 5237 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(660)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(safest)-513(course)-512(is)-513(to)-512(hold)-513(fast)-512(to)-513(the)-512(gods)-513(of)-512(our)-513(fathers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2808)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-328(inclination)-328(of)-328(the)-328(sceptic)-328(was)-328(fortified)-328(by)-328(the)-327(conservative)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instinct)-273(of)-274(the)-273(Latin)-274(race)-273(and)-273(its)-274(love)-273(of)-274(precedent)-273(and)-273(precision)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-224(form.)-241(Moreover)-224(the)-224(religion)-224(of)-224(Numa)-224(was)-224(probably)-224(more)-224(than)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(any)-389(other)-390(involved)-389(and)-390(intertwined)-389(with)-390(the)-389(whole)-390(life)-389(of)-389(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people.)-397(It)-299(penetrated)-299(the)-300(whole)-299(fabric)-299(of)-299(society;)-323(it)-299(consecrated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-264(dignified)-265(every)-264(public)-264(function,)-268(and)-264(every)-265(act)-264(or)-264(incident)-264(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(private)-366(life.)-598(To)-366(desert)-366(the)-366(ancient)-366(gods)-366(was)-366(to)-366(cut)-366(oneself)-365(off)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-234(Roman)-233(society,)-237(as)-234(the)-233(Christians)-234(were)-234(sternly)-233(made)-234(to)-233(feel.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(No)-188(established)-188(Church)-189(in)-188(modern)-188(Christendom)-188(has)-188(probably)-188(ever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-298(succeeded)-299(in)-298(identifying)-298(itself)-299(with)-298(the)-298(national)-299(life)-298(in)-298(all)-298(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aspects.)-240(Alike)-220(under)-220(the)-220(Republic)-220(and)-220(under)-220(the)-220(Empire,)-226(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-209(inseparable)-209(from)-209(patriotism.)-237(The)-209(imperial)-209(pontiff)-209(was)-209(bound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-374(watch)-375(over)-374(the)-374(purity)-375(and)-374(continuity)-374(of)-375(the)-374(Latin)-374(rites.)-623(He)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(might)-324(be)-323(a)-324(scoffer)-324(like)-324(Nero,)-342(or)-323(a)-324(spiritually-minded)-324(Stoic)-323(like)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(M.)-258(Aurelius,)-261(an)-258(Isiac)-259(devotee)-258(like)-259(Commodus,)-260(or)-259(devoted)-258(to)-258(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Syrian)-380(worships)-381(like)-380(the)-380(Oriental)-380(princes)-381(of)-380(the)-380(third)-380(century.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-274(he)-273(took)-274(his)-274(duties)-274(seriously.)-321(He)-274(would)-273(dance)-274(with)-274(the)-273(Salii,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-220(accept)-220(with)-220(gratitude)-220(the)-220(mastership)-220(of)-220(the)-220(Arval)-219(brotherhood,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([546])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(or)-324(order)-324(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 47.554 0 Td [(lectisternium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 60.502 0 Td [(to)-324(ward)-324(off)-324(a)-324(pestilence)-324(or)-324(a)-324(menacing)]TJ -108.056 -13.549 Td [(invasion.)-463(The)-321(imperial)-321(colleges)-321(still)-321(held)-321(their)-321(meetings)-321(on)-321(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eve)-409(of)-409(the)-408(revolution)-409(of)-409(Theodosius.)-726(Antiquarian)-409(nobles)-408(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discussed)-345(nice)-346(questions)-345(of)-345(ritual)-345(in)-346(the)-345(reign)-345(of)-346(Honorius.)-535(At)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-323(end)-323(of)-323(the)-324(fifth)-323(century)-323(the)-323(Lupercalia)-323(were)-323(still)-323(celebrated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-251(coarse,)-251(half-savage)-251(rites)-251(which)-251(went)-251(back)-251(to)-251(the)-250(prehistoric)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(times.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.368 3.959 Td [(2809)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.972 -3.959 Td [(The)-305(imperial)-305(policy,)-319(founded)-306(by)-305(Augustus,)-319(no)-305(doubt)]TJ -47.34 -13.549 Td [(inspired)-258(much)-257(of)-258(this)-257(conformity.)-273(But)-258(old)-257(Roman)-258(sentiment,)-259(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passion)-275(expressed)-274(with)-274(such)-275(moving)-274(eloquence)-275(by)-274(Symmachus,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 120.76 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 113.947 Td [(2808)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Min.)-1249(Fel.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.285 0 Td [(Octav.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.88 0 Td [(c.)-1249(6,)-666(quanto)-583(venerabilius)-583(ac)-583(melius)-583(antistitem)]TJ -94.121 -10.959 Td [(veritatis)-240(majorum)-240(excipere)-239(disciplinam,)-242(religiones)-240(traditas)-240(colere,)-241(deos,)-242(quos)-240(a)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(parentibus)-250(ante)-250(imbutus)-250(es)-250(timere)-250(quam)-250(nosse)-250(familiarius,)-250(adorare,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2809)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Virg.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 23.81 0 Td [(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.39 0 Td [(viii.)-573(343;)-411(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.299 0 Td [(Fasti)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(,)-384(ii.)-573(267;)-411(Baronius,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 75.744 0 Td [(Ann.)-573(Eccl.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.201 0 Td [(viii.)-573(60;)]TJ -249.835 -10.959 Td [(Gibbon,)-250(c.)-250(36;)-250(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 83.433 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Fest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.841 0 Td [(p.)-250(310.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2901 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2902 0 R /Resources 2900 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2884 0 R >> endobj 2903 0 obj << /D [2901 0 R /XYZ 93.543 274.29 null] >> endobj 2900 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2906 0 obj << /Length 3518 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(III.)-250(The)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(religion)-13142(661)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-241(feel)-240(himself)-241(in)-240(touch)-241(with)-240(a)-241(distant)-240(past)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.197 3.959 Td [(2810)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.063 -3.959 Td [(through)-241(a)-240(chain)-241(of)]TJ -201.26 -13.549 Td [(unbroken)-299(continuity,)-310(was)-299(the)-299(great)-298(support)-299(of)-298(the)-299(State)-298(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-492(the)-491(fourth)-492(century)-491(as)-492(in)-491(the)-492(first.)-974(Yet,)-552(among)-492(the)-491(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nobles)-238(who)-238(were)-238(its)-238(last)-239(champions)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 154.184 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Flavianus,)-240(Praetextatus,)-241(or)]TJ -165.093 -13.55 Td [(Volusianus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.091 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(there)-251(was)-251(a)-250(spiritual)-251(craving)-251(for)-251(which)-251(the)-250(religion)]TJ -60 -13.549 Td [(provided)-508(little)-508(satisfaction.)-1023(They)-508(sought)-508(it)-508(in)-508(the)-508(rites)-507(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysteries)-295(of)-295(Eastern)-295(lands)-294(which)-295(had)-295(little)-295(in)-295(common)-295(with)-294(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-280(Roman)-281(religious)-280(sentiment.)-342(In)-280(these)-281(alien)-280(rites)-281(they)-280(found)-280(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-300(religious)-300(atmosphere.)-400(The)-300(priest,)-312(set)-300(apart)-300(from)-300(the)-300(world,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-281(his)-281(life-long)-281(obligations)-281(and)-281(the)-281(daily)-281(offices)-281(in)-281(the)-280(shrine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(becomes)-485(in)-485(some)-486(way)-485(a)-485(minister)-485(to)-486(the)-485(spiritual)-485(life)-485(of)-485(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flock.)-496(Instead)-332(of)-332(cold)-332(ceremonial)-332(observance,)-352(ecstatic)-332(emotion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-381(aroused,)-414(often)-381(to)-381(a)-381(degree)-381(which)-381(was)-381(perilous)-380(to)-381(character.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Through)-470(a)-470(series)-470(of)-470(sacraments,)-525(with)-470(ascetic)-470(preparation)-469(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(them,)-308(the)-297(votary)-296(rose)-297(under)-297(priestly)-296(guidance)-297(to)-296(some)-297(vision)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(eternal)-265(world,)-270(with)-266(a)-266(new)-265(conception)-266(of)-266(sin;)-273(this)-266(life)-266(and)-265(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(next)-242(were)-242(linked)-243(in)-242(a)-242(moral)-242(sequence,)-244(with)-242(tremendous)-242(issues)-242(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(endless)-296(beatitude)-296(or)-296(endless)-297(degradation.)-388(In)-296(a)-296(temple)-296(of)-296(Magna)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mater,)-222(Isis,)-222(or)-215(Mithra)-215(in)-214(the)-215(reign)-215(of)-215(Julian,)-222(we)-215(are)-215(far)-215(away)-214(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-283(worship)-283(of)-282(the)-283(Lares)-283(and)-283(the)-283(offering)-282(of)-283(a)-283(heifer)-283(to)-283(Dea)-282(Dia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-245(the)-246(grove)-245(on)-245(the)-246(Tiber.)-248(We)-245(are)-246(travelling)-245(towards)-245(the)-245(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mystery)-250(and)-250(sacramental)-250(consolations)-250(of)-250(the)-250(mediaeval)-250(Church.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(2810)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sym.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.927 0 Td [(Relat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2905 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2906 0 R /Resources 2904 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2907 0 R >> endobj 2904 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2908 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index19) >> endobj 2911 0 obj (IV. Magna Mater) endobj 2914 0 obj << /Length 4450 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 20.788 512.7 Td [([547])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 166.602 -32.667 Td [(CHAPTER)-278(IV)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -3.203 -49.347 Td [(MAGNA)-277(MATER)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -90.644 -28.558 Td [(The)-324(earliest)-324(invader)-324(from)-324(the)-324(East)-324(of)-324(the)-324(sober)-324(decorum)-324(of)-323(old)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-417(religion,)-459(and)-417(almost)-417(the)-417(last)-417(to)-417(succumb,)-459(was)-417(Magna)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Mater)-318(of)-317(Pessinus.)-453(There)-317(is)-318(no)-317(pagan)-318(cult)-317(which)-318(S.)-317(Augustine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-307(many)-308(of)-307(the)-308(Fathers)-307(before)-307(him,)-322(assail)-308(with)-307(such)-307(indignant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contempt)-427(as)-426(hers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.903 3.959 Td [(2811)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.948 -3.959 Td [(And)-427(indeed)-426(it)-427(was)-427(long)-426(regarded)-427(with)]TJ -104.851 -13.549 Td [(suspicion)-244(by)-244(old)-243(Romans)-244(of)-244(the)-244(cultivated)-244(class.)-248(For)-243(generations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-313(her)-313(reception)-313(on)-313(the)-313(Palatine,)-329(no)-313(Roman)-313(was)-312(permitted)-313(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(enter)-281(her)-280(official)-281(service.)-342(But)-280(there)-281(was)-281(something)-280(in)-281(that)-280(noisy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-162(bloody)-161(ritual,)-180(and)-161(in)-162(the)-162(cruel,)-179(ascetic)-162(sacrifice)-161(of)-162(its)-161(devotees,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-223(exercised)-223(an)-223(irresistible)-223(power)-223(over)-223(the)-223(imagination)-223(of)-223(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vulgar;)-307(and)-288(even)-288(Lucretius)-287(felt)-288(a)-288(certain)-288(imaginative)-288(awe)-288(of)-287(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tower-crowned)-371(figure)-372(drawn)-371(by)-371(lions)-371(and)-372(adored)-371(by)-371(the)-371(cities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-341(many)-341(lands.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.518 3.958 Td [(2812)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.136 -3.958 Td [(Varro,)-363(who)-341(probably)-341(had)-341(no)-340(great)-341(love)-341(for)]TJ -88.654 -13.55 Td [(the)-302(un-Roman)-302(ritual,)-315(found)-302(a)-302(place)-302(for)-302(the)-302(Phrygian)-302(goddess)-302(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-295(th\351odic\351e.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.483 3.959 Td [(2813)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.646 -3.959 Td [(Her)-295(baptism)-295(of)-296(blood)-295(in)-295(the)-295(taurobolium)-296(was)]TJ -81.129 -13.549 Td [(a)-294(rite)-293(of)-294(such)-293(strange)-294(enthralling)-294(influence)-293(that)-294(it)-293(needed)-294(all)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(force)-404(of)-404(the)-405(Christian)-404(Empire)-404(to)-404(abolish)-404(it.)-713(And)-404(on)-404(many)-404(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-328(last)-329(inscriptions)-328(of)-328(the)-329(fourth)-328(century)-328(the)-329(greatest)-328(names)-328(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-290(Roman)-290(aristocracy)-289(leave)-290(the)-290(record)-289(of)-290(their)-290(cleansing)-290(in)-289(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(curious)-180(phrase)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 64.509 0 Td [(renatus)-180(in)-179(aeternum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 86.337 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(2814)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.91 -3.959 Td [(In)-180(his)-179(youth)-180(S.)-180(Augustine)]TJ -172.483 -13.549 Td [(had)-303(seen)-303(processions)-303(of)-303(effeminate)-303(figures)-303(with)-303(dripping)-302(locks,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.269 Td [(2811)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(4;)-250(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.059 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(13;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.7 0 Td [(Adv.)-250(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.33 0 Td [(i.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -206.709 -7.311 Td [(2812)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lucret.)-250(ii.)-250(600.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2813)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(8,)-250(vii.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -77.199 -7.311 Td [(2814)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.443 0 Td [(vi.)-426(499,)-323(504,)-323(509,)-324(510,)-323(511,)-323(512;)-338(xii.)-426(1782,)-323(1567;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 187.014 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.97 0 Td [(1899,)-323(1890,)]TJ -237.383 -10.959 Td [(2335.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2913 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2914 0 R /Resources 2912 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2907 0 R >> endobj 142 0 obj << /D [2913 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 2909 0 obj << /D [2913 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 2912 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2917 0 obj << /Length 6492 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(IV.)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-17254(663)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(painted)-453(faces,)-505(and)-453(soft)-453(womanish)-454(bearing,)-504(passing)-453(along)-453(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(streets)-226(of)-226(Carthage,)-231(and)-226(begging)-226(alms)-226(of)-226(the)-226(crowd.)-242(His)-226(horror)-226(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(memory)-279(of)-278(the)-278(scene)-279(probably)-278(springs)-278(almost)-279(as)-278(much)-278(from)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([548])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-303(manly)-304(instincts)-303(of)-304(the)-303(Roman)-303(as)-304(from)-303(the)-304(detestation)-303(of)-303(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Christian)-250(moralist)-250(for)-250(a)-250(debasing)-250(superstition.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.385 3.959 Td [(2815)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -187.429 -19.329 Td [(But)-228(S.)-228(Augustine)-229(knew)-228(well)-228(the)-228(power)-228(of)-229(the)-228(superstition.)-242(For)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(more)-218(than)-218(600)-218(years)-218(the)-218(Great)-218(Mother)-218(had)-218(been)-218(enthroned)-218(on)-217(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Palatine;)-224(for)-210(more)-211(than)-210(300)-211(years)-210(she)-211(had)-210(captivated)-211(the)-210(remotest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provinces)-221(of)-220(the)-221(West.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.196 3.959 Td [(2816)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.059 -3.959 Td [(In)-221(the)-220(terror)-221(of)-220(the)-221(Second)-220(Punic)-221(War,)]TJ -116.255 -13.549 Td [(204)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 19.607 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-309(she)-297(had)-298(been)-297(summoned)-297(by)-298(solemn)-297(embassy)-297(from)-297(her)]TJ -34.681 -13.549 Td [(original)-271(home)-271(at)-272(Pessinus)-271(in)-271(Galatia.)-314(In)-271(obedience)-271(to)-271(a)-271(sibylline)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(command,)-232(the)-228(Roman)-228(youth)-228(with)-228(purest)-228(hands,)-232(together)-228(with)-227(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-252(matrons,)-253(had)-253(welcomed)-252(her)-252(at)-253(Ostia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.07 3.959 Td [(2817)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.243 -3.959 Td [(The)-252(ship)-253(which)]TJ -213.313 -13.549 Td [(bore)-241(her)-240(up)-240(the)-241(Tiber,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.407 3.959 Td [(2818)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.082 -3.959 Td [(when)-241(it)-240(grounded)-240(on)-241(a)-240(shoal,)-243(had)-240(been)]TJ -113.489 -13.549 Td [(sent)-288(forward)-287(on)-288(its)-288(way,)-297(to)-287(vindicate)-288(her)-288(calumniated)-287(virtue,)-297(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-284(touch)-284(of)-283(a)-284(virgin)-284(of)-284(the)-283(Claudian)-284(house.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.317 3.958 Td [(2819)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.271 -3.958 Td [(A)-284(decree)-283(of)-284(the)]TJ -212.588 -13.55 Td [(Senate)-293(in)-292(191)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 63.515 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.267 0 Td [(had)-293(given)-292(the)-293(strange)-293(goddess)-293(a)-292(home)-293(on)-293(the)]TJ -81.782 -13.549 Td [(Palatine,)-267(hard)-263(by)-264(the)-264(shrine)-263(of)-264(Apollo;)-270(and)-263(the)-264(great)-263(Megalesian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(festival)-341(in)-341(April)-341(was)-341(founded.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 133.951 3.959 Td [(2820)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.143 -3.959 Td [(But)-341(the)-341(foreign)-341(character)-341(of)]TJ -156.094 -13.549 Td [(the)-362(cult)-361(was)-362(long)-361(maintained.)-584(It)-362(was)-361(a)-362(time)-361(when)-362(the)-361(passion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-378(religious)-378(excitement)-378(was)-378(in)-378(the)-378(air,)-410(and)-378(when)-378(its)-378(excesses)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(had)-360(to)-359(be)-360(restrained)-359(by)-360(all)-360(the)-359(forces)-360(of)-359(the)-360(State.)-579(No)-359(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-371(permitted)-371(to)-372(accept)-371(the)-371(Phrygian)-371(priesthood)-371(for)-371(a)-371(century)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-234(the)-234(coming)-234(of)-234(the)-234(Great)-233(Mother.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.844 3.959 Td [(2821)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.107 -3.959 Td [(But)-234(towards)-234(the)-234(end)-234(of)]TJ -181.951 -13.549 Td [(the)-241(Republic,)-243(the)-241(goddess)-241(had)-241(captured)-241(all)-241(imaginations,)-242(and)-241(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(priests)-266(and)-266(symbols)-266(meet)-266(us)-266(in)-266(all)-266(the)-266(poets)-266(of)-267(the)-266(great)-266(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2822)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.643 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.747 Td [(2815)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(4,)-250(7,)-250(8;)-250(vi.)-250(7;)-250(vii.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.276 -7.31 Td [(2816)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.973 0 Td [(ii.)-269(179)-256(\050Spain,)-258(108)-256(p.)-268(Chr.\051;)-260(iii.)-268(1100,)-258(1443)-256(\050Dacia,)-258(p.)-269(Chr.)-268(110\051;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 233.498 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ -268.426 -10.959 Td [(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(5839)-250(\050Portugal\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -25.649 -7.311 Td [(2817)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-250(29,)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2818)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(1906,)-250(Navisalviae)-250(et)-250(matri)-250(D.)-250(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 110.815 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(note\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -148.419 -7.31 Td [(2819)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Fasti)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)-250(305;)-250(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.059 0 Td [(Frag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.415 0 Td [(80;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.126 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.445 0 Td [(c.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -173.615 -7.311 Td [(2820)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Fest.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.842 0 Td [(p.)-250(70.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.422 -7.31 Td [(2821)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Val.)-250(Max.)-250(vii.)-250(7,)-250(6;)-250(Goehler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.848 0 Td [(De)-250(Matr.)-250(Magn.)-250(Cultu)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 80.447 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -198.99 -7.311 Td [(2822)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lucret.)-300(ii.)-301(600;)-275(Virg.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.035 0 Td [(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.576 0 Td [(ix.)-300(620;)-275(x.)-301(220;)-275(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.038 0 Td [(A.)-267(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.697 0 Td [(i.)-300(507;)-275(Prop.)-301(iii.)-300(17,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2916 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2917 0 R /Resources 2915 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2907 0 R >> endobj 2918 0 obj << /D [2916 0 R /XYZ 266.794 491.077 null] >> endobj 2915 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2921 0 obj << /Length 6685 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(664)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Augustus)-209(restored)-209(her)-210(temple;)-222(some)-210(of)-209(his)-209(freedmen)-209(were)-209(among)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(her)-298(priests;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.693 3.959 Td [(2823)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.942 -3.959 Td [(Livia)-298(is)-297(pictured)-297(with)-298(the)-297(crown)-298(of)-297(towers)-298(upon)]TJ -68.635 -13.549 Td [(her)-296(brow.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.308 3.959 Td [(2824)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.676 -3.959 Td [(Then)-296(came)-296(a)-296(long)-297(interval,)-307(till)-296(the)-297(death)-296(of)-296(Nero,)]TJ -62.984 -13.549 Td [(during)-280(which)-280(the)-280(Phrygian)-281(goddess)-280(is)-280(hardly)-280(heard)-280(of.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.66 3.958 Td [(2825)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.152 -3.958 Td [(With)]TJ -258.812 -13.55 Td [(the)-273(accession)-273(of)-273(the)-273(Flavians)-273(the)-273(eastern)-273(cults)-273(finally)-273(entered)-272(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-256(long)-256(and)-255(unchallenged)-256(reign.)-267(Vespasian)-256(restored)-256(the)-256(temple)-255(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-238(Great)-239(Mother)-238(at)-238(Herculaneum,)-241(which)-238(had)-239(been)-238(thrown)-238(down)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([549])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(by)-387(an)-386(earthquake.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.23 3.959 Td [(2826)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.64 -3.959 Td [(In)-387(the)-386(reign)-387(of)-387(Trajan)-387(her)-386(worship)-387(had)]TJ -103.87 -13.549 Td [(penetrated)-282(to)-282(the)-282(Spanish)-282(peninsula,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 158.649 3.958 Td [(2827)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.601 -3.958 Td [(and)-282(she)-282(is)-282(found,)-290(along)]TJ -178.25 -13.55 Td [(with)-325(other)-324(Eastern)-325(deities,)-343(in)-325(the)-324(towns)-325(of)-325(the)-324(new)-325(province)-324(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dacia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.168 3.959 Td [(2828)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.622 -3.959 Td [(The)-325(first)-325(glimpses)-325(of)-325(the)-325(taurobolium)-325(appear)-325(before)]TJ -49.79 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(middle)-250(of)-251(the)-250(second)-251(century,)-251(and)-250(the)-251(goddess)-250(figures)-251(on)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(coins)-216(of)-217(Antoninus)-216(Pius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.179 3.959 Td [(2829)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.043 -3.959 Td [(A)-216(taurobolium)-217(for)-216(that)-216(emperor)-217(was)]TJ -125.222 -13.549 Td [(offered)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.999 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(with)-321(intention)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.693 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.347 0 Td [(at)-321(Lyons)-321(in)-322(160)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 74.017 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.958 Td [(2830)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.137 -3.958 Td [(and)-321(there)-321(are)]TJ -222.742 -13.55 Td [(several)-312(dedications)-312(to)-312(Magna)-311(Mater)-312(in)-312(the)-312(same)-312(reign)-312(made)-311(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colleges)-300(of)-301(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 67.996 0 Td [(Dendrophori)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 60.244 0 Td [(at)-300(Ostia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.909 3.959 Td [(2831)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.812 -3.959 Td [(Tertullian)-300(tells)-301(how)-300(a)]TJ -185.961 -13.549 Td [(high)-207(priest)-206(of)-207(Cybele)-206(vainly)-207(offered)-206(his)-207(blood)-206(for)-207(the)-206(safety)-207(of)-206(M.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Aurelius,)-315(seven)-303(days)-302(after)-302(the)-302(Emperor)-303(had)-302(died)-302(in)-302(his)-302(quarters)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-203(the)-204(Danube.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.332 3.959 Td [(2832)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.996 -3.959 Td [(It)-203(does)-204(not)-203(fall)-204(within)-203(the)-203(scope)-204(of)-203(our)-203(present)]TJ -84.328 -13.549 Td [(inquiry)-239(to)-240(trace)-239(the)-240(immense)-239(popularity)-240(of)-239(the)-240(worship)-239(under)-239(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(princes)-379(of)-379(the)-378(third)-379(century.)-637(That)-378(was)-379(the)-379(period)-379(of)-379(the)-378(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(triumph)-363(of)-364(the)-363(spiritual)-364(powers)-363(of)-364(the)-363(East.)-591(At)-363(the)-364(end)-363(of)-363(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fourth)-319(century)-319(the)-319(Great)-319(Mother)-319(and)-319(Mithra)-319(were)-319(in)-319(the)-319(van)-318(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-390(pagan)-389(resistance)-390(to)-389(the)-390(religious)-389(revolution)-390(of)-389(Theodosius)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 186.371 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 93.543 177.422 Td [(35;)-250(cf.)-250(Preller,)-250(p.)-250(484.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2823)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(496.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(2824)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Goehler,)-250(p.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(2825)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Yet)-250(cf.)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxi.)-250(20,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 86.418 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\272\271\270\261\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.677 0 Td [(\364)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\264\265\303\255)-250(\304\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.217 0 Td [(\014)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.218 0 Td [(\304\304\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.135 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.707 0 Td [(\221)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.335 0 Td [(T)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\263\277\305\303\304\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.535 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -230.524 -7.31 Td [(2826)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.851 0 Td [(x.)-247(1406.)-248(Imp.)-247(Vesp.)-248(templum)-243(M.)-242(M.)-243(terrae)-242(motu)-243(conlapsum)-242(restituit.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.546 -7.311 Td [(2827)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(ii.)-250(179)-250(\050108)-250(p.)-250(Chr.\051;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 87.664 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(5839.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -151.665 -7.311 Td [(2828)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1100,)-250(1443.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(2829)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(x.)-250(1596)-250(\050Naples,)-250(p.)-250(Chr.)-250(134\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2830)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2322.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(2831)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Goehler,)-250(p.)-250(15.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2832)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.889 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(25;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxxi.)-250(33.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2920 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2921 0 R /Resources 2919 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2907 0 R >> endobj 2922 0 obj << /D [2920 0 R /XYZ 349.933 436.88 null] >> endobj 2919 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2925 0 obj << /Length 5499 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(IV.)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-17254(665)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-250(his)-250(sons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.062 3.959 Td [(2833)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -44.106 -18.159 Td [(The)-432(worship)-433(of)-432(Cybele,)-478(coming)-433(from)-432(the)-433(same)-432(regions)-432(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-353(Trojan)-353(ancestors)-353(of)-353(Rome,)-379(was)-353(at)-353(first)-353(a)-353(patrician)-353(cult.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2834)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Members)-186(of)-186(the)-185(proudest)-186(houses)-186(bore)-186(a)-186(part)-185(in)-186(welcoming)-186(her)-186(to)-185(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(place)-241(in)-240(the)-241(Roman)-241(pantheon.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 129.575 3.958 Td [(2835)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.131 -3.958 Td [(Yet,)-243(as)-240(we)-241(have)-241(seen,)-242(Romans)]TJ -148.706 -13.55 Td [(were)-355(for)-355(generations)-356(forbidden)-355(to)-355(enrol)-355(themselves)-355(among)-355(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effeminate)-297(priesthood.)-391(By)-297(a)-297(curious)-297(contradiction)-297(of)-296(sentiment,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people)-425(were)-425(fascinated)-425(by)-425(the)-425(ritual,)-469(while)-425(they)-424(despised)-425(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(celebrants.)-961(The)-486(legend)-487(which)-487(was)-487(interpreted)-487(by)-487(Stoic)-486(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Neoplatonist)-361(as)-361(full)-360(of)-361(physical)-361(or)-361(metaphysical)-361(meanings,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2836)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(had)-513(also)-513(elements)-513(of)-513(human)-513(interest)-513(which)-513(appealed)-513(to)-513(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(masses,)-285(always)-278(eager)-278(for)-277(emotional)-278(excitement.)-334(The)-278(love)-278(of)-277(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Great)-254(Mother)-253(for)-254(a)-254(fair)-253(youth,)-255(his)-253(unfaithfulness,)-255(and)-253(penitential)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(self-mutilation)-516(under)-516(the)-515(pine-tree;)-649(the)-516(passionate)-515(mourning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-364(lost)-365(love,)-393(and)-364(then)-365(the)-364(restoration)-364(of)-365(the)-364(self-made)-364(victim,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(attended)-303(by)-303(a)-303(choir)-302(of)-303(priests)-303(for)-303(ever,)-316(who)-303(had)-303(made)-303(the)-302(same)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([550])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(cruel)-475(sacrifice)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.942 3.959 Td [(2837)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.438 -3.959 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(all)-475(this,)-532(so)-475(alien)-475(to)-476(old)-475(Roman)-475(religious)]TJ -91.289 -13.549 Td [(sentiment,)-430(triumphed)-394(over)-394(it)-394(in)-394(the)-394(end)-394(by)-394(novelty)-394(and)-394(tragic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(interest.)-432(The)-310(legend)-311(was)-311(developed)-310(into)-311(a)-310(drama,)-326(which,)-326(at)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vernal)-251(festival)-250(of)-251(the)-250(goddess,)-251(was)-250(produced)-251(with)-250(striking,)-251(if)-250(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(artistic,)-285(effect.)-334(On)-278(the)-278(first)-278(day)-278(the)-278(Dendrophori)-278(bore)-278(the)-277(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tree,)-215(wreathed)-206(with)-206(violets,)-215(to)-206(the)-206(temple.)-235(There)-206(was)-206(then)-206(a)-206(pause)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-263(a)-264(day,)-266(and,)-267(on)-263(the)-264(third,)-266(the)-264(priests,)-266(with)-264(frantic)-263(gestures)-263(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dishevelled)-222(hair,)-228(abandoned)-222(themselves)-222(to)-222(the)-222(wildest)-222(mourning,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lacerating)-219(their)-219(arms)-219(and)-220(shoulders)-219(with)-219(wounds,)-225(from)-219(which)-219(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(blood)-254(flowed)-253(in)-254(torrents.)-260(Severe)-254(fasting)-253(accompanied)-254(these)-253(self-)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 168.375 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 161.563 Td [(2833)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(501)-250(\050p.)-250(Chr.)-250(383\051;)-250(509,)-250(511,)-250(510,)-250(500.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(2834)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(60;)-250(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.494 0 Td [(Fasti)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)-250(251,)]TJ -89.918 -18.045 Td [(Cum)-250(Trojam)-250(Aeneas)-250(Italos)-250(portaret)-250(in)-250(agros,)]TJ 8.966 -10.959 Td [(Est)-250(dea)-250(sacriferas)-250(paene)-250(secuta)-250(rates.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -20.672 -14.481 Td [(2835)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(l.c.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.198 0 Td [(293.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -43.333 -7.31 Td [(2836)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.923 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(,)-250(vi.)-250(8;)-250(vii.)-250(25;)-250(Jul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.759 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(v.)-250(p.)-250(161)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 33.624 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.934 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -198.961 -7.311 Td [(2837)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(There)-372(were)-371(many)-372(variations)-372(of)-372(the)-371(myth;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 156.848 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.555 0 Td [(Goehler,)-402(pp.)-615(2,)-403(3;)-432(Foucart,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -178.358 -10.959 Td [(Assoc.)-250(Rel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.837 0 Td [(p.)-250(89;)-250(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.107 0 Td [(Fasti)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(,)-250(iv.)-250(223.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2924 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2925 0 R /Resources 2923 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2907 0 R >> endobj 2926 0 obj << /D [2924 0 R /XYZ 288.348 314.286 null] >> endobj 2927 0 obj << /D [2924 0 R /XYZ 297.767 77.101 null] >> endobj 2923 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2930 0 obj << /Length 5803 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(666)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(inflicted)-211(tortures.)-237(Then)-211(came)-212(a)-211(complete)-211(change)-211(of)-211(sensation.)-237(On)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-190(day)-189(called)-190(Hilaria)-190(the)-189(votaries)-190(gave)-190(themselves)-189(up)-190(to)-189(ecstasies)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-239(joy,)-241(to)-239(celebrate)-240(the)-239(restoration)-239(of)-239(Attis.)-246(On)-239(the)-239(last)-239(day)-239(of)-239(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(festival)-342(a)-342(solemn)-342(procession)-342(took)-342(its)-342(way)-342(to)-342(the)-342(brook)-342(Almon,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-264(bathe)-263(the)-264(goddess)-263(in)-264(its)-263(waters.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.841 3.959 Td [(2838)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.608 -3.959 Td [(The)-264(sacred)-263(stone,)-267(brought)]TJ -167.449 -13.549 Td [(originally)-340(from)-340(her)-340(home)-340(in)-340(Asia,)-362(and)-340(the)-340(most)-340(sacred)-339(symbol)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-384(the)-383(worship,)-417(wrapped)-383(in)-384(robes,)-417(was)-383(borne)-384(upon)-383(a)-384(car)-383(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chants)-222(and)-221(music,)-227(and)-222(that)-222(gross,)-227(unabashed)-221(naturalism)-222(which)-221(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-253(shocks)-252(and)-253(surprises)-252(us)-253(in)-252(pagan)-252(ritual)-253(till)-252(we)-253(trace)-252(it)-253(to)-252(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(source.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(The)-324(government)-325(long)-324(treated)-325(the)-324(cult)-325(of)-324(Cybele)-325(as)-324(a)-324(foreign)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(worship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.877 3.959 Td [(2839)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.633 -3.959 Td [(The)-325(title)-326(of)-325(its)-326(great)-325(festival)-325(is)-326(Greek.)-476(Yet)-325(before)]TJ -59.51 -13.549 Td [(the)-465(close)-464(of)-465(the)-464(Republic,)-519(Romans)-464(are)-465(found)-464(enrolled)-465(in)-464(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(priesthoods)-329(and)-329(sacred)-328(colleges,)-349(and)-328(long)-329(lists)-329(of)-329(these)-328(official)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(votaries)-396(can)-396(be)-396(gathered)-395(from)-396(the)-396(inscriptions)-396(of)-396(the)-395(imperial)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(period.)-222(The)-167(archigallus,)-184(or)-167(high)-166(priest,)-184(appears)-167(often)-167(on)-167(the)-166(Italian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-233(provincial)-233(monuments.)-245(He)-233(is)-233(found)-233(at)-233(Merida,)-237(Capua,)-236(Ostia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-158(Lyons,)-176(in)-157(Numidia)-158(and)-158(Portugal.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.671 3.959 Td [(2840)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.83 -3.959 Td [(He)-158(must)-157(have)-158(performed)]TJ -175.501 -13.549 Td [(his)-398(part)-398(at)-398(many)-397(a)-398(taurobolium,)-435(crowned)-398(with)-398(laurel)-397(wreaths,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wearing)-329(his)-330(mitre)-329(and)-329(ear-rings)-329(and)-330(armlets,)-349(with)-329(the)-329(image)-329(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Attis)-208(on)-208(his)-209(breast.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.449 3.959 Td [(2841)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.014 -3.959 Td [(The)-208(names)-208(of)-208(the)-209(ordinary)-208(priests)-208(abound,)]TJ -99.463 -13.549 Td [(from)-289(the)-288(freedman)-289(of)-288(the)-288(house)-289(of)-288(Augustus)-289(to)-288(the)-289(great)-288(nobles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-210(the)-210(reign)-210(of)-210(Theodosius)-209(and)-210(Honorius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 177.046 3.959 Td [(2842)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.02 -3.959 Td [(The)-210(priesthood)-210(was)]TJ -196.066 -13.549 Td [(sometimes)-303(held)-304(for)-303(life,)-316(or)-304(for)-303(a)-303(long)-304(term)-303(of)-303(years.)-410(A)-303(priest)-303(at)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([551])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(Salonae)-223(in)-224(Dalmatia)-223(had)-223(punctually)-224(performed)-223(the)-223(sacred)-223(offices)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-308(seventeen)-309(years.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.21 3.959 Td [(2843)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.079 -3.959 Td [(Women)-308(were)-309(naturally)-308(admitted)-309(to)-308(the)]TJ -109.289 -13.549 Td [(priesthood)-312(of)-312(a)-312(cult)-311(whose)-312(central)-312(interest)-312(was)-312(a)-312(woman)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 250.566 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-312(love)]TJ -254.199 -13.549 Td [(and)-376(grief.)-627(Sometimes)-376(they)-375(are)-376(lowly)-376(freedwomen)-376(with)-375(Greek)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.32 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.508 Td [(2838)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(64;)-250(Preller,)-250(p.)-250(485.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2839)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.585 0 Td [(Rom.)-437(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.976 0 Td [(,)-328(p.)-437(70;)-344(cf.)-437(Foucart,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 76.075 0 Td [(Assoc.)-437(Rel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.077 0 Td [(p.)-437(88,)-328(for)-313(similar)]TJ -217.669 -10.959 Td [(treatment)-250(at)-250(Athens.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2840)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(3810;)-250(viii.)-250(8203;)-250(xii.)-250(1782;)-250(ii.)-250(5260.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(2841)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xii.)-250(1782;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.618 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2325,)-250(6031;)-250(Goehler,)-250(p.)-250(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.619 -7.31 Td [(2842)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Goehler,)-250(p.)-250(12;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.031 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(511,)-250(504,)-250(500.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -93.644 -7.311 Td [(2843)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(2920;)-250(xii.)-250(1567.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2929 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2930 0 R /Resources 2928 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2907 0 R >> endobj 2931 0 obj << /D [2929 0 R /XYZ 327.564 206.544 null] >> endobj 2928 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2934 0 obj << /Length 5554 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(IV.)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-17254(667)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(names,)-363(sometimes)-341(they)-341(bear)-340(the)-341(proudest)-341(names)-340(in)-341(the)-340(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(aristocracy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.586 3.959 Td [(2844)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.588 -3.959 Td [(The)-293(Dendrophori,)-305(who)-293(on)-294(festive)-293(days)-294(bore)-293(the)]TJ -71.174 -13.549 Td [(sacred)-283(tree,)-292(formed)-283(a)-284(religious)-283(college,)-292(and)-283(their)-283(record)-283(appears)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-409(many)-409(monuments)-410(of)-409(Italian)-409(and)-409(provincial)-409(towns)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 240.321 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Como,)]TJ -251.23 -13.55 Td [(Ostia,)-498(and)-448(Cumae,)-497(Caesarea)-448(\050Afr.\051,)-498(Valentia,)-498(and)-448(Lyons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2845)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Other)-219(colleges)-219(were)-219(the)-219(Cannophori)-219(and)-219(Cernophori,)-225(the)-219(keepers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-258(the)-258(mystic)-257(symbols.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.047 3.959 Td [(2846)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.42 -3.959 Td [(The)-258(chanters,)-259(drummers,)-260(and)-258(cymbal)]TJ -118.467 -13.549 Td [(players)-342(were)-342(indispensable)-342(at)-342(great)-342(ceremonial)-342(scenes,)-365(such)-342(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-366(taurobolium,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.388 3.958 Td [(2847)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.751 -3.958 Td [(and)-366(were)-366(arranged)-367(in)-366(graded)-366(ranks.)-599(Of)-366(a)]TJ -94.139 -13.55 Td [(lower)-239(degree)-238(were)-239(the)-239(vergers)-238(and)-239(apparitors,)-241(who)-239(watched)-238(over)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-222(chapels)-222(of)-222(the)-222(goddess.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 116.028 3.959 Td [(2848)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.064 -3.959 Td [(And,)-228(lastly,)-227(there)-222(were)-222(the)-222(simple)]TJ -135.092 -13.549 Td [(worshippers,)-381(who)-355(also)-355(formed)-355(themselves)-355(into)-355(guilds,)-381(with)-355(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-314(usual)-314(officers)-314(of)-314(such)-314(corporations.)-442(This)-314(cult,)-330(like)-314(so)-313(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(others,)-195(existed)-181(not)-181(only)-182(for)-181(ceremonial)-181(rite,)-195(but)-181(for)-181(fellowship)-181(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(social)-236(exhilaration,)-239(and,)-239(through)-236(its)-236(many)-236(gradations)-235(of)-236(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(privilege,)-194(it)-180(must)-180(have)-179(drawn)-180(vast)-180(numbers)-180(into)-180(the)-180(sacred)-179(service)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(times)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Empire.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(But)-226(the)-226(pages)-226(of)-226(Apuleius,)-231(and)-226(other)-226(authorities,)-231(show)-226(us)-226(that,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(beside)-386(the)-386(official)-385(clergy)-386(and)-386(collegiate)-386(members,)-420(there)-385(were,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-329(happens)-329(to)-330(all)-329(popular)-329(religions,)-349(a)-329(mass)-329(of)-329(unlicensed)-329(camp)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(followers)-245(and)-244(mere)-245(disreputable)-244(vagrants,)-246(who)-245(used)-244(the)-245(name)-244(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-309(Great)-309(Mother)-310(to)-309(exploit)-309(the)-309(ignorant)-309(devotion)-309(and)-309(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(excitability)-312(of)-312(the)-311(rustic)-312(folk.)-435(The)-312(romance)-312(of)-312(Apuleius,)-327(as)-311(Dr.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mahaffy)-223(has)-222(suggested,)-228(is)-223(probably)-223(derived)-222(from)-223(earlier)-222(sources,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-512(dressed)-512(up)-511(to)-512(titillate)-512(the)-511(prurient)-512(tastes)-512(of)-512(a)-511(degraded)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(society.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.633 3.959 Td [(2849)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.24 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-252(its)-253(pictures)-252(of)-252(country)-252(life)-253(in)-252(Thessaly,)-253(although)]TJ -52.873 -13.549 Td [(they)-351(may)-351(not)-351(be)-351(always)-352(locally)-351(accurate,)-376(can)-351(hardly)-351(be)-351(purely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imaginative.)-853(The)-451(scenes)-452(may)-451(not)-451(be)-451(always)-451(Thessalian,)-501(but)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.592 Td [(2844)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.196 0 Td [(x.)-332(6074;)-290(vi.)-332(502,)-284(508;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 81.707 0 Td [(Or.)-332(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.329 0 Td [(7200)-277(\050Acte\051,)-284(2330,)-284(1902,)-284(2371,)-284(2319,)]TJ -144.188 -10.959 Td [(2325;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.667 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.919 0 Td [(xii.)-250(4322,)-250(4326.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.325 -7.394 Td [(2845)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(7336,)-250(2322,)-250(6031,)-250(4109,)-250(7197;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 112.33 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(9401.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -187.297 -7.311 Td [(2846)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Goehler,)-250(p.)-250(45.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2847)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(1782.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(2848)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2325,)-250(2984.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(2849)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mahaffy,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.354 0 Td [(The)-250(Greek)-250(World)-250(under)-250(Roman)-250(Sway)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 134.227 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(295)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2933 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2934 0 R /Resources 2932 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2935 0 R >> endobj 2932 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2938 0 obj << /Length 5172 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(668)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(that)-445(they)-445(are)-445(in)-445(the)-445(main)-445(true)-445(pictures)-445(of)-445(country)-445(life)-445(in)-444(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Antonine)-359(age)-359(may)-359(be)-359(proved)-359(from)-359(other)-359(authorities.)-576(Apuleius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-412(too)-412(careful)-412(an)-411(artist)-412(to)-412(sever)-412(himself)-412(altogether)-412(from)-411(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([552])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(actual)-227(life)-226(of)-227(his)-227(time.)-242(And)-226(what)-227(a)-227(picture)-226(it)-227(is!)-242(The)-227(air)-226(positively)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(thrills)-515(with)-514(daemonic)-515(terror)-514(and)-515(power.)-1043(Witches)-515(and)-514(lewd)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sorceresses)-421(abound;)-505(the)-421(solitary)-420(inn)-421(has)-420(its)-421(weird)-420(seductions;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-329(lonely)-329(country)-329(cottage)-328(has)-329(its)-329(tragedy)-329(of)-329(lawless)-329(love)-329(or)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chaste)-392(devotion)-392(to)-392(the)-393(dead.)-676(Brigands)-392(in)-392(mountain)-392(fastnesses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divide)-214(their)-214(far-gathered)-214(spoil,)-221(and)-214(hold)-214(debate)-214(on)-214(plans)-214(of)-213(future)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lawless)-386(adventure.)-656(Mountain)-386(solitudes,)-420(and)-385(lonely)-386(villages)-385(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(castles)-392(among)-392(the)-391(woods,)-428(are)-391(aroused)-392(by)-392(the)-392(yelping)-391(hounds,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-260(start)-261(the)-260(boar)-261(from)-260(his)-261(lair,)-263(while)-260(the)-261(faithless)-260(traitor)-260(places)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-269(friend)-269(at)-270(its)-269(mercy.)-307(We)-270(meet)-269(the)-269(travelling)-269(cheese)-269(merchant,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-413(the)-413(noble)-413(exile)-413(on)-412(his)-413(way)-413(to)-413(Zacynthus.)-739(We)-413(watch)-412(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(raid)-356(on)-357(the)-356(banker)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.551 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-356(house)-357(at)-356(Thebes,)-383(and)-356(the)-357(peasants)-356(setting)]TJ -86.184 -13.549 Td [(their)-187(dogs)-188(on)-187(the)-188(passing)-187(traveller;)-209(the)-187(insolence)-188(of)-187(the)-187(wandering)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legionary;)-200(the)-176(horrors)-176(of)-176(the)-175(slave)-176(prison,)-191(with)-175(its)-176(wasted,)-190(starved,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-295(branded)-294(forms;)-317(the)-294(amours)-295(of)-294(buxom)-295(wives,)-305(and)-295(the)-294(comic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(concealment)-242(or)-241(discovery)-242(of)-241(lovers,)-243(in)-242(the)-241(manner)-242(of)-241(Boccaccio.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(It)-417(is)-417(only)-417(too)-417(certain)-417(that)-417(the)-417(vileness)-417(and)-417(superstition)-417(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apuleius)-317(has)-318(depicted)-317(may)-317(easily)-317(find)-317(a)-318(parallel)-317(on)-317(the)-317(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stage,)-250(or)-250(in)-250(the)-250(pages)-250(of)-250(Martial.)]TJ 11.956 -13.889 Td [(In)-271(all)-271(this)-272(social)-271(panorama,)-276(romantic,)-277(amusing,)-276(or)-271(disgusting,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(there)-251(is)-250(no)-251(more)-251(repulsive,)-250(and)-251(probably)-251(no)-250(truer)-251(scene)-251(than)-250(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-176(which)-177(the)-176(wandering)-176(priests)-177(of)-176(the)-176(Syrian)-177(goddess)-176(appear.)-225(That)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deity,)-401(like)-370(many)-371(others)-370(of)-370(Eastern)-371(origin,)-401(was)-370(often)-370(identified)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-405(the)-405(Great)-405(Mother.)-715(Apuleius)-405(probably)-405(confounded)-404(them;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-320(rites)-320(of)-319(their)-320(worships)-320(were)-320(often)-320(the)-320(same,)-337(and)-320(the)-319(picture)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-445(Apuleius)-445(may)-445(be)-445(taken)-445(to)-445(represent)-445(the)-445(orgies)-445(of)-445(many)-445(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wandering)-201(troop)-201(of)-201(professed)-200(devotees)-201(of)-201(the)-201(Great)-201(Mother)-201(in)-200(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age)-256(of)-256(the)-257(Antonines.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 93.521 3.958 Td [(2850)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.369 -3.958 Td [(The)-256(leader)-256(is)-257(an)-256(old)-256(eunuch,)-258(with)-256(wild)]TJ -112.89 -13.55 Td [(straggling)-389(locks)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.906 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(a)-389(man)-388(of)-389(the)-389(foulest)-389(morals,)-423(carrying)-389(about)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.806 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 80.91 Td [(2850)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.27 0 Td [(Rel.)-486(unter)-329(den)-329(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 73.96 0 Td [(p.)-486(65;)-369(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.381 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.132 0 Td [(viii.)-486(24)-329(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.464 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.171 0 Td [(Hildenbrand)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 44.822 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ -277.142 -10.959 Td [(notes.\051)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2937 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2938 0 R /Resources 2936 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2935 0 R >> endobj 2939 0 obj << /D [2937 0 R /XYZ 287.024 491.077 null] >> endobj 2936 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2942 0 obj << /Length 5154 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(IV.)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-17254(669)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(with)-359(him)-359(an)-359(image)-359(of)-359(the)-359(goddess,)-386(and)-359(levying)-359(alms)-359(from)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superstition)-167(of)-167(the)-168(rustics.)-222(He)-167(is)-167(attended)-168(by)-167(a)-167(crew)-167(worthy)-167(of)-167(him,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wretches)-359(defiled)-359(with)-359(all)-359(the)-359(worst)-359(vices)-359(of)-359(the)-359(ancient)-359(world,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-259(shamelessly)-259(parading)-259(their)-259(degradation.)-277(But)-259(they)-259(combine)-258(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shrewd)-245(eye)-245(to)-245(business)-245(with)-246(this)-245(wild)-245(licence.)-248(They)-245(know)-245(all)-245(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(arts)-185(to)-186(catch)-185(the)-186(fancy)-185(of)-186(the)-185(mob)-185(of)-186(clowns,)-198(whose)-186(grey)-185(dull)-185(lives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-309(inbred)-310(superstition)-309(make)-310(them)-309(eager)-309(for)-310(any)-309(display)-309(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-176(intoxicate)-176(them)-176(with)-176(the)-176(novelty)-176(of)-176(a)-176(violent)-176(sensation.)-225(These)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people)-246(are)-246(on)-246(that)-246(level)-246(where)-246(lust)-246(and)-246(the)-246(passion)-246(for)-246(blood)-245(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([553])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(suffering)-395(readily)-394(league)-395(themselves)-394(with)-395(religious)-394(excitement.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(After)-305(a)-305(night)-305(of)-305(moral)-304(horrors,)-319(the)-305(foul)-305(brotherhood)-305(go)-305(forth)-304(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(various)-352(costume)-351(to)-352(win)-351(the)-352(largesses)-351(of)-351(the)-352(countryside.)-554(With)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(painted)-225(cheeks)-226(and)-225(robes)-225(of)-225(white)-226(or)-225(yellow,)-230(crossed)-225(with)-225(purple)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stripes,)-423(their)-388(arms)-388(bared)-388(to)-388(the)-388(shoulder,)-423(and)-388(carrying)-388(swords)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-361(axes,)-389(they)-361(dance)-361(along)-361(wildly)-361(to)-361(the)-361(sound)-361(of)-361(the)-361(flute.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2851)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(With)-390(obscene)-389(gesticulation)-390(and)-390(discordant)-389(shrieks)-390(they)-389(madly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bite)-258(their)-259(arms)-258(or)-258(lacerate)-259(them)-258(with)-258(knives.)-275(One)-258(of)-259(the)-258(band,)-260(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-269(seized)-268(with)-269(special)-269(inspiration,)-273(heaving)-269(and)-268(panting)-269(under)-268(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foul)-307(afflatus,)-322(shrieks)-308(out)-307(the)-307(confession)-308(of)-307(some)-308(sin)-307(against)-307(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(holy)-277(rites,)-284(and)-277(claims)-277(the)-277(penalty)-277(from)-277(his)-277(own)-277(hands.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 238.763 3.959 Td [(2852)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.049 -3.959 Td [(With)]TJ -258.812 -13.549 Td [(hard)-200(knotted)-200(scourge)-201(he)-200(belabours)-200(himself,)-210(while)-200(the)-200(blood)-200(flows)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-226(torrents.)-242(At)-226(last)-226(the)-225(cruel)-226(frenzy)-226(exhausts)-226(itself,)-231(and)-226(obtains)-225(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reward)-288(in)-288(the)-287(offerings)-288(of)-288(the)-288(spectators.)-363(Fine)-288(flour)-288(and)-287(cheese,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(milk)-267(and)-266(wine,)-271(coins)-267(of)-267(copper)-266(and)-267(silver,)-271(are)-267(eagerly)-266(showered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(upon)-375(the)-374(impostors,)-406(and)-374(as)-375(eagerly)-374(gathered)-375(in.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.574 3.959 Td [(2853)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.242 -3.959 Td [(Surprised)]TJ -238.816 -13.549 Td [(in)-325(frightful)-324(orgies)-325(of)-325(vice,)-343(the)-325(scoundrels)-325(have)-324(at)-325(last)-325(to)-324(retreat)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-322(the)-321(outraged)-322(moral)-321(sense)-322(of)-321(the)-321(villagers.)-465(They)-321(decamp)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(during)-237(the)-236(night,)-239(and)-237(on)-236(the)-237(morrow)-236(once)-237(more)-236(find)-236(comfortable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(quarters)-311(in)-310(the)-311(house)-311(of)-311(a)-310(leading)-311(citizen)-311(who)-310(is)-311(devoted)-311(to)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(service)-215(of)-214(the)-214(gods,)-222(and)-215(blind)-214(to)-215(the)-214(imposture)-214(of)-215(their)-214(professing)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.254 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.358 Td [(2851)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(viii.)-250(c.)-250(27)-250(\050580\051;)-250(cf.)-250(Aug.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 91.645 0 Td [(De)-250(Civ.)-250(Dei)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.581 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -189.763 -7.395 Td [(2852)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(viii.)-250(c.)-250(28)-250(\050583\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.537 -7.394 Td [(2853)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(28)-250(\050585\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2941 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2942 0 R /Resources 2940 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2935 0 R >> endobj 2943 0 obj << /D [2941 0 R /XYZ 46.771 409.782 null] >> endobj 2940 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2946 0 obj << /Length 5052 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(670)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(ministers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 42.731 3.959 Td [(2854)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -30.775 -17.743 Td [(The)-322(episode)-322(in)-321(Apuleius)-322(suggests)-322(some)-322(curious)-322(questions)-321(as)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(to)-319(the)-319(moral)-319(effect)-319(of)-318(these)-319(emotional)-319(cults.)-457(That)-319(in)-319(their)-318(early)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stages)-385(they)-386(had)-385(no)-386(elevating)-385(moral)-386(influence,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.102 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(nay,)-419(that)-386(their)]TJ -217.011 -13.55 Td [(votaries)-445(might)-445(combine)-445(a)-445(strict)-445(conformity)-445(to)-445(rite)-445(with)-444(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(looseness)-288(of)-289(life,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.462 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(is)-288(only)-289(too)-288(certain.)-365(The)-288(Delias)-288(and)-289(Cynthias)]TJ -85.371 -13.549 Td [(of)-203(the)-202(poets,)-212(who)-203(kept)-203(the)-202(fasts)-203(of)-202(Isis,)-213(were)-202(assuredly)-203(not)-202(models)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-370(virtue.)-610(The)-370(assumption)-370(of)-370(the)-370(tonsure)-370(and)-370(linen)-370(habit)-370(by)-370(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(debauchee)-403(like)-404(Commodus)-403(does)-404(not)-403(reassure)-404(us.)-710(Yet)-403(princes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-344(high)-344(character)-344(in)-345(the)-344(second)-344(and)-344(the)-344(third)-344(centuries)-344(lent)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(countenance)-324(of)-324(imperial)-324(power)-324(to)-324(the)-324(worships)-324(of)-325(the)-324(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2855)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-415(the)-414(Mother)-415(of)-414(the)-415(Gods)-415(found)-414(her)-415(last)-414(and)-415(most)-414(gallant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(defenders)-304(among)-303(great)-304(nobles)-303(of)-303(high)-304(repute)-303(and)-304(sincere)-303(pagan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(piety)-233(in)-232(the)-233(last)-232(years)-233(of)-232(heathenism)-233(in)-232(the)-233(West.)-244(It)-232(was)-233(a)-232(strange)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([554])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(transformation.)-723(Yet)-408(the)-408(problem)-408(is)-408(not)-407(perhaps)-408(insoluble.)-723(A)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-390(may)-389(deteriorate)-390(as)-390(its)-389(authority)-390(over)-390(society)-389(becomes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-328(assured)-328(with)-329(age.)-484(But,)-348(in)-328(times)-328(of)-329(moral)-328(renovation,)-347(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-324(the)-324(face)-324(of)-324(powerful)-324(spiritual)-323(rivalries,)-343(a)-324(religion)-324(may)-323(purge)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself)-290(of)-289(the)-290(impurities)-289(of)-290(youth.)-368(Religious)-290(systems)-289(may)-290(also)-289(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(elevated)-206(by)-207(the)-206(growing)-206(moral)-206(refinement)-206(of)-207(the)-206(society)-206(to)-206(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-293(minister.)-379(It)-293(is)-293(only)-293(thus)-293(that)-293(we)-293(can)-293(explain)-293(the)-293(undoubted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fact)-294(that)-295(the)-294(Phrygian)-294(and)-295(Egyptian)-294(worships,)-305(originally)-294(tainted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-407(the)-407(grossness)-407(of)-407(naturalism,)-446(became)-407(vehicles)-407(of)-407(a)-406(warm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-287(emotion,)-295(and)-287(provided)-287(a)-286(stimulus)-287(to)-286(a)-287(higher)-287(life.)-359(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(idealism)-355(of)-355(humanity,)-382(by)-355(a)-355(strange)-356(alchemy,)-381(can)-355(marvellously)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(transform)-287(the)-286(most)-287(unpromising)-286(materials.)-360(And)-286(he)-287(would)-286(make)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-315(grave)-315(mistake)-314(who)-315(should)-315(treat)-315(the)-314(Isis)-315(and)-315(Osiris,)-331(the)-314(Mater)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Deum)-300(or)-300(the)-300(Attis,)-312(of)-300(the)-300(reign)-300(of)-300(Augustus)-300(as)-300(representing)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-443(ideals)-442(in)-443(the)-443(reign)-442(of)-443(Gratian.)-828(But)-442(these)-443(Eastern)-442(cults)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contained)-233(a)-232(germ,)-236(even)-233(in)-232(their)-232(earliest)-233(days,)-236(of)-232(their)-233(great)-232(future)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(development)-268(and)-267(power.)-304(The)-267(old)-268(religion)-268(of)-268(Latium,)-272(along)-267(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(much)-286(that)-286(was)-286(sound)-286(and)-286(grave)-286(and)-286(fortifying)-286(to)-286(character,)-295(was)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 88.05 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 81.154 Td [(2854)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(30)-250(\050589\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(2855)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(1406;)-250(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 66.996 0 Td [(Alex.)-250(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.345 0 Td [(c.)-250(37.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2945 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2946 0 R /Resources 2944 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2935 0 R >> endobj 2947 0 obj << /D [2945 0 R /XYZ 199.657 341.801 null] >> endobj 2944 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2950 0 obj << /Length 4777 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(IV.)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-17254(671)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(also)-194(hard)-195(and)-194(cold)-194(and)-195(ceremonial.)-231(It)-194(could)-195(mould)-194(and)-194(consecrate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-258(militant)-257(and)-258(conquering)-257(state;)-261(it)-258(did)-257(little)-258(to)-257(satisfy)-258(the)-257(craving)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-477(moral)-476(regeneration)-477(or)-476(communion)-477(with)-476(a)-477(Higher)-476(Power.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-405(could)-404(not)-405(appease)-405(the)-404(sense)-405(of)-405(error)-404(and)-405(frailty)-405(by)-404(ghostly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(comfort)-298(and)-297(sacramental)-298(absolution.)-392(It)-298(was,)-309(moreover,)-309(wanting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-280(that)-280(warmth)-281(of)-280(interest)-280(and)-280(sympathy,)-288(linking)-280(the)-280(human)-280(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine,)-416(which)-382(has)-383(helped)-383(to)-382(make)-383(Christianity)-382(the)-383(religion)-382(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Western)-362(civilisation,)-390(and)-362(which)-362(in)-362(a)-362(feeble)-362(adumbration)-361(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-481(paganism)-481(of)-481(the)-482(East)-481(a)-481(momentary)-481(rival)-481(of)-481(the)-481(Church.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(These)-449(Eastern)-449(cults,)-499(often)-449(originating)-449(in)-449(gross)-449(symbolism)-449(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-526(alternations)-526(and)-526(recurring)-526(processes)-526(of)-527(nature,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.282 3.959 Td [(2856)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.93 -3.959 Td [(often)]TJ -258.212 -13.549 Td [(arousing)-370(a)-370(dangerous)-370(excitability)-370(and)-370(an)-370(unregulated)-369(emotion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-440(contained)-440(the)-440(germ)-440(of)-440(a)-440(religious)-440(spirit)-440(far)-440(more)-440(akin)-439(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ours)-508(than)-507(the)-508(old)-507(austere)-508(Latin)-507(creed.)-1023(A)-507(divine)-508(death)-507(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(restoration,)-346(the)-326(alternation)-327(of)-326(joy)-327(and)-326(sorrow)-327(at)-326(a)-327(divine)-326(event,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(instinct)-411(with)-412(human)-411(interest,)-452(calming)-412(expiation)-411(and)-411(cleansing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-386(the)-385(sins)-386(which)-385(burdened)-386(the)-385(conscience,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 207.921 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(above)-386(all,)-419(the)]TJ -218.83 -13.549 Td [(hope)-361(of)-362(a)-361(coming)-362(life,)-389(stamped)-362(on)-361(the)-362(imagination)-361(by)-361(symbol)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-439(spectacle,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.25 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(these)-439(were)-439(the)-439(elements)-439(which,)-486(operating)-439(on)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.865 0 Td [([555])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(imperious)-235(religious)-234(yearnings,)-238(gave)-234(a)-235(fresh)-235(life)-234(to)-235(paganism,)-237(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prepared)-313(or)-314(deferred)-313(the)-313(victory)-313(of)-314(the)-313(Church.)-440(The)-313(religion)-313(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-228(Great)-228(Mother)-228(seems)-227(at)-228(first)-228(sight)-228(to)-228(offer)-228(the)-228(poorest)-227(promise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-202(any)-203(moral)-202(message)-202(or)-202(spiritual)-202(support.)-235(It)-202(expressed)-202(at)-202(first)-202(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feelings)-205(of)-204(rude)-205(rustics)-204(at)-205(the)-205(recurring)-204(mortality)-205(and)-204(resurrection)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-209(material)-209(life)-209(in)-209(the)-209(order)-209(of)-209(the)-209(seasons.)-236(The)-209(element)-209(of)-209(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feeling)-266(which)-266(it)-266(contained)-266(was)-266(grossly)-266(expressed)-266(in)-266(bloody)-266(rites)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-387(mutilation.)-661(This)-387(cult)-387(was)-387(often)-387(defiled)-387(and)-387(disgraced)-387(by)-387(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crew)-403(of)-404(effeminate)-403(and)-404(lustful)-403(impostors.)-711(Yet)-403(the)-403(Thessalian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(villagers)-382(in)-382(Apuleius,)-415(who)-382(chased)-382(these)-382(vagabonds)-382(from)-382(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fields,)-457(evidently)-416(expected)-416(something)-416(better)-415(from)-416(them.)-747(They)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(despised)-362(the)-361(foul)-362(hypocrites,)-390(but)-361(they)-362(did)-362(not)-361(cease)-362(to)-361(believe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-350(their)-351(religion.)-550(The)-350(spiritual)-351(instinct)-350(of)-350(humanity)-350(triumphed,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.847 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(2856)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Firm.)-250(Matern.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.301 0 Td [(De)-250(Err.)-250(Prof.)-250(Rel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.494 0 Td [(c.)-250(2,)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2949 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2950 0 R /Resources 2948 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2935 0 R >> endobj 2951 0 obj << /D [2949 0 R /XYZ 192.239 274.29 null] >> endobj 2948 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2954 0 obj << /Length 5864 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(672)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(as)-396(it)-395(has)-396(so)-395(often)-396(done,)-432(over)-396(the)-395(vices)-396(of)-395(a)-396(historical)-395(system,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(extracted)-308(the)-309(good)-308(in)-308(it,)-323(rejected)-309(the)-308(evil,)-323(and)-308(made)-309(it)-308(an)-308(organ)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-263(some)-264(sort)-263(of)-263(spiritual)-264(life.)-290(Thus)-263(the)-263(Great)-264(Mother)-263(became)-263(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mother)-248(of)-248(all,)-248(enthroned)-248(beside)-248(the)-248(Father)-248(of)-247(gods)-248(and)-248(men.)-249(She)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wears)-327(the)-327(chaste)-327(honours)-327(of)-327(the)-327(Virgin)-327(Goddess.)-481(Attis)-327(and)-326(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(love)-257(for)-258(Attis)-257(are)-258(similarly)-257(transformed.)-273(In)-257(the)-258(syncretism)-257(of)-257(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-325(which)-310(strove)-310(to)-310(gather)-310(up)-310(all)-310(the)-310(forces)-310(of)-310(heathenism)-309(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(make)-232(them)-232(converge)-232(towards)-232(a)-231(spiritual)-232(unity,)-236(Magna)-232(Mater)-231(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Attis)-260(leagued)-260(their)-260(forces)-260(with)-260(the)-260(conquering)-260(Mithra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.88 3.958 Td [(2857)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.495 -3.958 Td [(In)-260(the)]TJ -255.375 -13.55 Td [(taurobolium)-318(there)-318(was)-318(developed)-318(a)-318(ritual,)-335(in)-318(which,)-335(coarse)-318(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(materialistic)-401(as)-401(it)-401(was,)-439(paganism)-401(made,)-439(in)-401(however)-401(imperfect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(form,)-250(its)-250(nearest)-250(approach)-250(to)-250(the)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Cross.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(The)-539(greatest)-540(and)-539(most)-539(impressive)-539(rite)-540(in)-539(the)-539(worship)-539(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Cybele)-311(was)-311(the)-312(taurobolium.)-433(There)-312(was)-311(none)-311(which)-311(so)-311(excited)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-341(suspicion)-341(and)-342(indignation)-341(of)-341(the)-341(Christian)-341(apologists,)-364(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tertullian)-200(to)-200(Prudentius,)-210(because)-201(in)-200(its)-200(ceremony)-200(of)-200(the)-200(cleansing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blood,)-499(and)-448(in)-449(its)-449(supposed)-449(effects)-449(in)-449(moral)-449(regeneration)-448(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remission)-180(of)-179(sins,)-194(it)-179(seemed)-180(invented)-179(by)-180(the)-179(ingenuity)-180(of)-179(daemons)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-382(be)-383(a)-382(travesty)-383(of)-382(the)-383(sacrifice)-382(on)-382(Calvary.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.085 3.958 Td [(2858)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.5 -3.958 Td [(It)-382(is)-383(possible)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -295.34 0 Td [([556])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(that)-299(the)-298(last)-299(champions)-298(of)-298(the)-299(ancient)-298(cults)-299(may)-298(have)-299(had)-298(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(such)-291(defiant)-292(purpose)-291(when)-292(they)-291(inscribed,)-302(in)-291(the)-292(record)-291(of)-291(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cleansing,)-457(the)-416(words)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.976 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(in)-416(aeternum)-415(renatus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 91.485 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 2.727 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.377 0 Td [(But)-416(in)-415(its)-416(origin)]TJ -206.408 -13.549 Td [(there)-469(can)-468(be)-469(no)-468(doubt)-469(t)1(hat)-469(the)-468(rite)-469(was)-468(purely)-469(heathen.)-905(Its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appearance)-442(in)-441(the)-442(Phrygian)-442(ceremonial)-441(is)-442(comparatively)-441(late.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-337(worship)-337(of)-338(Magna)-337(Mater)-337(was)-337(essentially)-337(an)-337(orgiastic)-337(cult,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-407(theologically)-407(arid.)-721(But)-407(the)-407(syncretism)-407(of)-407(the)-407(second)-407(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(third)-297(centuries)-296(came)-297(to)-297(its)-297(support.)-390(And)-296(the)-297(worships)-297(of)-296(Persia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Syria,)-330(and)-315(Phrygia)-314(were)-314(ready)-315(to)-314(coalesce,)-330(and)-315(to)-314(borrow)-314(from)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 142.845 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 135.949 Td [(2857)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)-281(p.)-325(66;)-287(Goehler,)-282(p.)-324(29;)-288(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 145.318 0 Td [(Mon.)-325(figur\351s)-275(de)-275(Mithra)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 84.801 0 Td [(,)-281(Introd.)-325(p.)]TJ -242.075 -10.959 Td [(333;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.354 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.557 0 Td [(2329,)-266(2330,)-266(1900;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.951 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.031 0 Td [(vi.)-288(497,)-265(500,)-266(511;)-269(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 78.087 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.572 0 Td [(x.)-288(1596,)-265(where)-263(the)]TJ -213.552 -10.959 Td [(taurobolium)-250(is)-250(connected)-250(with)-250(Venus)-250(Coelesta)-250(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 172.334 0 Td [(sic)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.962 0 Td [(\051;)-250(Preller,)-250(p.)-250(486.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -185.035 -7.394 Td [(2858)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.64 0 Td [(De)-352(Praescrip.)-557(Haeret.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 86.51 0 Td [(40;)-403(Firm.)-557(Matern.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 72.878 0 Td [(De)-352(Err.)-557(Prof.)-557(Relig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -202.984 -10.959 Td [(c.)-718(27,)-446(neminem)-406(aput)-406(idola)-406(profusus)-406(sanguis)-406(munit)-406(...)-719(polluit)-406(sanguis)-406(iste,)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(non)-396(redimit....)-688(Tauribolium)-396(quid)-396(vel)-396(criobolium)-396(scelerata)-396(te)-396(sanguinis)-396(labe)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(perfundit?)-250(S.)-250(Paulin.)-250(Nol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 93.896 0 Td [(Poem.)-250(Ult.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.842 0 Td [(112-117.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2953 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2954 0 R /Resources 2952 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2935 0 R >> endobj 2955 0 obj << /D [2953 0 R /XYZ 338.413 274.29 null] >> endobj 2952 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2958 0 obj << /Length 5514 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(IV.)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-17254(673)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(one)-397(another)-396(symbols)-397(and)-396(doctrines)-397(which)-396(gave)-397(satisfaction)-396(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-529(spiritual)-530(wants)-529(of)-529(the)-529(time.)-1088(The)-529(taurobolium,)-599(with)-529(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ideas)-317(of)-316(cleansing)-317(and)-317(immortality,)-333(passed)-317(in)-316(the)-317(Antonine)-316(age)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-401(the)-400(worship)-401(of)-400(Anaitis)-401(of)-400(Cappadocia)-401(to)-400(the)-401(worship)-400(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Magna)-315(Mater,)-331(and)-315(gave)-315(the)-315(Great)-315(Mother)-315(a)-315(new)-315(hold)-315(upon)-314(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-370(consciousness.)-610(In)-370(the)-370(earlier)-370(votive)-370(tablets)-370(the)-370(name)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-468(the)-467(rite)-468(is)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 64.636 0 Td [(tauropolium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 53.946 0 Td [(.)-902(Anaitis)-468(had)-467(been)-468(identified)-467(with)]TJ -118.582 -13.549 Td [(the)-349(Artemis)-349(Tauropolus)-348(of)-349(Brauron,)-374(whose)-348(legend,)-374(by)-348(popular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(etymology,)-227(came)-222(to)-221(be)-222(identified,)-227(as)-221(Milesian)-222(exploration)-221(spread)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-348(the)-348(Euxine,)-373(with)-348(the)-348(cult)-347(of)-348(the)-348(cruel)-348(goddess)-348(of)-348(the)-348(Tauric)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Chersonese.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.019 3.959 Td [(2859)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.236 -3.959 Td [(And)-466(by)-466(another)-466(etymological)-466(freak)-466(and)-466(the)]TJ -79.255 -13.549 Td [(change)-481(of)-481(a)-482(letter,)-538(we)-482(arrive)-481(at)-481(the)-481(bull-slaughtering)-481(rite)-481(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-415(later)-415(Empire.)-744(Whether)-414(the)-415(taurobolium)-415(ever)-415(became)-414(part)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-377(the)-377(service)-377(of)-378(Mithra)-377(is)-377(a)-377(disputed)-377(point.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.255 3.958 Td [(2860)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.327 -3.958 Td [(Certainly)-377(the)]TJ -222.582 -13.55 Td [(syncretistic)-340(tendency)-340(of)-340(the)-340(age,)-363(the)-340(fact)-340(that)-340(the)-340(most)-340(popular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithraist)-421(symbol)-421(was)-421(the)-421(slaying)-421(of)-421(the)-421(mystic)-421(bull,)-463(and)-421(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(record)-315(of)-316(the)-315(taurobolium)-316(on)-315(so)-315(many)-316(inscriptions)-315(dedicated)-315(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithra,)-185(would)-168(prepare)-168(us)-168(for)-168(the)-168(conclusion)-169(that)-168(the)-168(rite)-168(was)-168(in)-168(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(end)-301(common)-301(to)-301(the)-301(Persian)-301(and)-301(the)-301(Phrygian)-301(deities.)-403(Whatever)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(may)-265(be)-264(the)-265(truth)-265(on)-264(this)-265(point,)-268(the)-265(two)-264(worships,)-269(in)-264(the)-265(last)-264(ages)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-291(heathenism)-292(in)-291(the)-291(West,)-302(were)-291(close)-292(allies.)-374(Attis)-291(tended)-291(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-334(more)-334(to)-334(become)-334(a)-334(solar)-334(deity)-334(in)-334(the)-334(age)-334(which)-333(culminated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-361(the)-361(sun-worship)-361(of)-361(Julian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 129.381 3.959 Td [(2861)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.798 -3.959 Td [(Heliolatry,)-389(the)-361(last)-361(refuge)-361(of)]TJ -152.179 -13.549 Td [(monotheism)-226(in)-226(heathendom,)-230(which)-226(refused)-226(to)-226(accept)-226(the)-225(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-265(Galilee,)-269(swept)-265(all)-265(the)-266(great)-265(worships)-265(of)-265(strong)-265(vitality)-265(into)-265(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(system,)-257(softened)-255(their)-256(differences,)-257(accentuated)-255(their)-255(similarities,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([557])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(by)-362(every)-362(effort)-362(of)-363(fancy,)-390(false)-362(science,)-390(or)-362(reckless)-362(etymology,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-220(in)-220(the)-220(end,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.715 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Sol)-220(invictus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.501 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.244 0 Td [(and)-220(Mithra)-220(were)-220(left)-220(masters)-220(of)-220(the)]TJ -129.303 -13.549 Td [(field.)-568(But)-356(Magna)-356(Mater,)-382(however)-356(originally)-356(unworthy,)-382(shared)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.004 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.108 Td [(2859)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-246(Introd.)-248(pp.)-248(236,)-246(333;)-247(Herodot.)-248(iv.)-249(103;)-246(Eur.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 190.074 0 Td [(Iph.)-248(T.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.843 0 Td [(1455;)-247(Strab.)-248(v.)]TJ -227.872 -10.959 Td [(3,)-250(\247)-250(12,)-250(p.)-250(240.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2860)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-284(p.)-332(334;)-291(Gasquet,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 96.117 0 Td [(Culte)-277(de)-278(Mithra)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 57.778 0 Td [(,)-284(p.)-332(75;)-291(Cumont,)-285(Introd.)-332(p.)-332(334,)]TJ -165.85 -10.959 Td [(n.)-250(5;)-250(R\351ville,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.57 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(unter)-250(den)-250(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.723 0 Td [(p.)-250(93,)-250(takes)-250(an)-250(opposite)-250(view.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -121.033 -7.311 Td [(2861)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Donsbach,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.339 0 Td [(Die)-250(r\344umliche)-250(Verbreitung)-250(des)-250(Mithrasdienstes)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 170.846 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(8,)-250(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2957 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2958 0 R /Resources 2956 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2961 0 R >> endobj 2959 0 obj << /D [2957 0 R /XYZ 82.606 179.445 null] >> endobj 2960 0 obj << /D [2957 0 R /XYZ 114.255 66.142 null] >> endobj 2956 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2964 0 obj << /Length 7065 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(674)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-392(the)-391(victory.)-675(If)-391(she)-392(could)-392(lend)-391(the)-392(support)-391(of)-392(an)-391(accredited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(clergy,)-510(recognised)-459(for)-458(ages)-459(by)-458(the)-458(State,)-511(and)-458(the)-458(impressive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rite)-425(of)-426(the)-425(bloody)-425(baptism,)-470(Mithra,)-469(on)-425(the)-426(other)-425(hand,)-469(had)-425(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-233(and)-232(spiritual)-233(message,)-236(an)-232(assurance)-232(of)-233(a)-232(future)-233(life,)-236(and)-232(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(enthralling)-305(force)-304(of)-305(mystic)-304(and)-305(sacramental)-304(communion,)-318(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(made)-196(his)-197(alliance)-196(even)-197(more)-196(valuable.)-232(The)-197(Great)-196(Mother,)-207(indeed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(admitted)-384(women)-384(to)-384(the)-384(ranks)-384(of)-383(her)-384(clergy,)-418(while)-384(the)-384(rites)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithra)-364(probably)-364(excluded)-363(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.309 3.959 Td [(2862)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.888 -3.959 Td [(And)-364(thus)-364(a)-363(Fabia)-364(Aconia)]TJ -167.197 -13.549 Td [(Paulina,)-278(while)-272(her)-272(husband,)-278(Vettius)-272(Agorius)-272(Praetextatus,)-277(could)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(inscribe)-164(himself)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.852 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(pater)-164(patrum,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.233 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.637 0 Td [(had)-164(no)-165(Mithraist)-164(grade)-165(which)-164(she)]TJ -139.566 -13.549 Td [(could)-229(place)-230(beside)-229(her)-230(consecration)-229(to)-229(Hecate)-230(and)-229(the)-229(Eleusinian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(goddesses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.964 3.959 Td [(2863)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.907 -3.959 Td [(But)-303(the)-303(pair)-304(were)-303(united)-303(in)-303(the)-304(sacrament)-303(of)-303(the)]TJ -67.871 -13.549 Td [(taurobolium.)-267(And)-256(the)-256(Great)-256(Mother)-255(probably)-256(never)-256(had)-256(purer)-255(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sincerer)-250(devotees.)]TJ 11.956 -21.385 Td [(When)-354(the)-354(taurobolium)-354(was)-354(first)-354(introduced)-354(into)-354(the)-354(West)-354(is)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(uncertain.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.32 3.959 Td [(2864)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.421 -3.959 Td [(The)-288(earliest)-289(monument)-288(belongs)-288(to)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 153.292 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.124 0 Td [(134)-288(in)-289(the)]TJ -236.157 -13.549 Td [(reign)-419(of)-419(Hadrian,)-462(when)-419(the)-419(ceremony)-419(seems)-419(to)-419(be)-419(connected)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-348(the)-348(Celestial)-348(Venus.)-543(The)-348(most)-348(famous)-348(inscription,)-372(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(connects)-299(the)-299(rite)-298(with)-299(the)-299(Great)-299(Mother,)-311(is)-299(of)-298(the)-299(year)-299(160)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 261.925 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.55 Td [(when)-420(one)-420(L.)-420(Aemilius)-421(Carpus,)-462(an)-420(Augustalis,)-463(and)-420(a)-420(member)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-351(the)-351(college)-351(of)-351(the)-351(Dendrophori)-351(at)-351(Lyons,)-376(had)-351(the)-351(ceremony)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(performed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.283 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(for)-353(the)-352(safety)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.795 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.69 0 Td [(of)-353(Antoninus)-352(Pius)-353(and)-352(the)-353(imperial)]TJ -122.612 -13.549 Td [(house.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 28.178 3.959 Td [(2865)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.763 -3.959 Td [(The)-513(rite)-512(was)-513(celebrated)-513(at)-512(the)-513(command)-513(of)-513(the)]TJ -55.941 -13.549 Td [(goddess,)-499(or)-450(on)-449(the)-449(inspired)-450(advice)-449(of)-450(the)-449(priest.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 223.975 3.958 Td [(2866)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.691 -3.958 Td [(It)-449(took)]TJ -249.666 -13.55 Td [(place)-383(generally)-383(in)-383(early)-383(spring,)-416(and)-383(was)-383(often)-383(prolonged)-383(over)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.161 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.349 Td [(2862)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(This)-403(is)-404(rendered)-403(doubtful)-404(by)-403(Porphyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 148.23 0 Td [(De)-403(Abstin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.85 0 Td [(iv.)-710(16,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.757 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-403(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.596 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-403(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.107 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\274\265\304\255\307\277\275\304\261\302)-363(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.922 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-363(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.51 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.803 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\301\263\257\311\275)-363(\274\315\303\304\261\302)-363(\273\255\277\275\304\261\302)-363(\272\261\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 105.171 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 7.803 0 Td [(\050)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\316\270\261\303\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.926 0 Td [(\051.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.514 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\302)-363(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.209 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.864 -10.959 Td [(\263\305\275\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.059 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\272\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.18 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\261\257\275\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.496 0 Td [(\050altered)-250(by)-250(Felicianus)-250(to)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 89.153 0 Td [(\273\265\261\257\275\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.755 0 Td [(\051;)-250(cf.)-250(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(98.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -183.564 -7.311 Td [(2863)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(1778,)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(2864)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Goehler,)-376(p.)-554(55;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.246 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.825 0 Td [(x.)-553(1596;)-402(Puteoli,)-377(p.)-553(Chr.)-554(134;)-401(taurobol.)-554(Veneris)]TJ -97.027 -10.959 Td [(Caelestae)-250(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.587 0 Td [(sic)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.962 0 Td [(\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.288 -7.394 Td [(2865)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(2382;)-250(Goehler,)-250(p.)-250(55;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.148 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(8203.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -142.205 -7.311 Td [(2866)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.852 0 Td [(2327,)-307(ex)-295(jussu)-296(ipsius;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 81.398 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.326 0 Td [(xii.)-386(1782,)-307(ex)-296(vaticinatione)-295(Archigalli;)-319(cf.)]TJ -131.532 -10.959 Td [(xii.)-250(4321,)-250(4323.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2963 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2964 0 R /Resources 2962 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2961 0 R >> endobj 2965 0 obj << /D [2963 0 R /XYZ 226.285 110.383 null] >> endobj 2962 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2968 0 obj << /Length 5489 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(IV.)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-17254(675)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(three)-432(or)-433(four)-432(days.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 85.946 3.959 Td [(2867)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.137 -3.959 Td [(It)-432(was)-433(a)-432(costly)-433(rite,)-478(and)-432(the)-433(expense)]TJ -111.083 -13.549 Td [(was)-244(sometimes)-245(borne)-244(by)-245(the)-244(community,)-245(who)-245(made)-244(an)-244(offertory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-403(the)-403(purpose.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.106 3.959 Td [(2868)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.169 -3.959 Td [(The)-403(ceremony)-403(was)-403(superintended)-402(by)-403(the)]TJ -96.275 -13.549 Td [(xvviri,)-429(and)-394(attended)-394(by)-393(a)-394(great)-393(concourse)-394(of)-393(the)-394(people,)-429(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-401(magistrates)-401(at)-401(their)-401(head.)-703(It)-401(is)-401(needless)-401(to)-401(describe)-401(again)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([558])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)-478(scene,)-535(so)-478(well)-478(known)-478(from)-478(the)-478(verses)-478(of)-478(Prudentius,)-535(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-438(the)-438(consecrated)-439(bull)-438(is)-438(with)-438(solemn)-438(forms)-438(slaughtered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-400(a)-399(high-raised)-400(platform,)-437(and)-399(bathes)-400(with)-400(the)-399(streams)-400(of)-399(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blood)-433(the)-433(votary)-433(placed)-433(in)-432(a)-433(trench)-433(below.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 197.566 3.958 Td [(2869)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.15 -3.958 Td [(The)-433(rite)-433(was)]TJ -222.716 -13.55 Td [(believed)-407(to)-406(impart)-407(some)-407(sort)-407(of)-406(strength)-407(and)-407(purification,)-445(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effect)-259(of)-259(which)-259(lasted)-259(for)-260(twenty)-259(years,)-261(when)-259(the)-259(sacrament)-259(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(often)-338(renewed.)-513(It)-338(was,)-360(as)-337(we)-338(have)-338(seen,)-360(sometimes)-337(performed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(with)-228(intention,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.401 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.329 0 Td [(for)-228(the)-228(reigning)-227(emperor)-228(and)-228(his)-228(house,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.332 3.959 Td [(2870)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.971 -3.959 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(furnishes)-303(another)-304(example)-303(of)-303(the)-303(manner)-304(in)-303(which)-303(religion)-303(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(employed)-316(to)-317(buttress)-316(the)-316(power)-317(of)-316(the)-316(Caesars.)-449(A)-316(considerable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(number)-254(of)-254(monuments)-255(in)-254(Italy)-254(and)-254(the)-254(provinces)-254(commemorate,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-297(a)-297(phrase)-297(perhaps)-297(borrowed)-296(from)-297(the)-297(Church,)-309(the)-297(gratitude)-296(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 17.705 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(born)-179(again)-179(to)-179(eternal)-179(life.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 106.874 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.796 0 Td [(It)-179(is)-179(probable)-179(that)-179(the)-179(coarse)-179(ritual)]TJ -136.219 -13.549 Td [(often)-272(expressed)-272(only)-271(an)-272(external)-272(and)-272(materialistic)-272(conception)-271(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(religious)-188(influence.)-229(On)-188(the)-187(other)-188(hand,)-200(following)-188(upon,)-200(or)-187(closely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(connected)-395(with)-394(initiation)-394(into)-395(the)-394(mysteries)-395(of)-394(Mithra,)-431(it)-394(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(easily)-310(have)-310(become)-309(a)-310(symbol)-310(of)-310(moral)-309(and)-310(spiritual)-310(truth,)-325(or)-309(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(any)-250(rate)-250(a)-250(record)-250(of)-250(moral)-250(aspiration.)]TJ 11.956 -15.938 Td [(For,)-185(indeed,)-184(in)-168(the)-168(syncretism)-169(and)-168(monotheistic)-168(drift)-168(of)-168(the)-168(age,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-365(more)-365(powerful)-365(worships)-364(lost)-365(the)-365(hardness)-365(of)-365(their)-364(original)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lines)-481(and)-481(tended)-481(to)-481(absorption)-481(and)-481(assimilation.)-943(There)-481(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-271(strife)-271(or)-271(repulsion)-271(among)-272(these)-271(cults;)-281(they)-271(borrowed)-271(freely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legends)-258(and)-257(ritual)-258(practice)-258(from)-258(one)-257(another;)-262(even)-257(characteristic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(insignia)-311(were)-312(interchanged.)-434(The)-311(legend)-311(and)-312(tone)-311(of)-311(the)-311(Cybele)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(worship)-334(naturally)-334(linked)-334(her)-334(with)-334(others)-334(sprung)-334(from)-334(the)-333(same)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.31 Td [(2867)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(1782.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(2868)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xii.)-250(4321)-250(\050)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.112 0 Td [(stipe)-250(collata)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 44.087 0 Td [(\051;)-250(at)-250(private)-250(expense,)-250(xii.)-250(1568.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.846 -7.31 Td [(2869)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Peristeph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.851 0 Td [(x.)-250(1011;)-250(cf.)-250(Duruy,)-250(v.)-250(p.)-250(743.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.546 -7.311 Td [(2870)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(1311,)-250(251,)-250(1822,)-250(4332;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 99.383 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(2332.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2967 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2968 0 R /Resources 2966 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2961 0 R >> endobj 2969 0 obj << /D [2967 0 R /XYZ 155.166 463.978 null] >> endobj 2966 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2972 0 obj << /Length 3434 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(676)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(region,)-707(such)-616(as)-615(the)-616(Syrian)-616(goddess,)-707(Celestial)-615(Venus,)-707(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Bellona.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.666 3.959 Td [(2871)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.054 -3.959 Td [(Fanaticism,)-513(self-mutilation,)-513(expiation)-461(by)-460(blood,)]TJ -62.72 -13.549 Td [(were)-372(the)-372(common)-372(bond)-372(between)-372(them.)-616(The)-372(fierce)-372(goddess)-371(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cappadocia,)-452(who)-411(had)-412(visited)-411(Sulla)-411(in)-412(a)-411(dream,)-452(was)-411(probably)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(first)-301(introduced)-301(to)-301(Roman)-301(devotion)-301(in)-301(his)-301(time.)-403(Her)-300(dark-robed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(priests)-226(and)-226(priestesses)-227(were)-226(familiar)-226(figures)-226(in)-226(the)-226(Augustan)-226(age,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gashing)-287(themselves)-286(like)-287(the)-287(Galli)-286(of)-287(Magna)-287(Mater,)-296(catching)-286(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blood)-443(in)-443(shields,)-491(and)-443(dashing)-442(it)-443(over)-443(their)-443(train)-443(of)-442(followers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-440(believed)-440(in)-440(its)-439(powers)-440(of)-440(expiation.)-820(But)-440(Magna)-439(Mater,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-453(her)-452(name)-453(promises,)-503(assumed)-453(a)-453(milder)-452(character,)-504(and)-452(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(identified)-316(sometimes)-317(with)-316(Maia,)-333(Ops,)-333(and)-317(Minerva;)-349(sometimes)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([559])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(with)-427(Demeter,)-472(Bona)-427(Dea,)-472(and)-427(Fauna,)-472(as)-427(Attis)-427(was)-427(identified)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-299(Hercules.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 64.154 3.959 Td [(2872)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.759 -3.959 Td [(In)-299(the)-298(last)-299(age)-299(the)-299(great)-298(goddess)-299(became)-299(the)]TJ -84.913 -13.549 Td [(universal)-254(Mother,)-255(full)-253(of)-254(tenderness)-254(and)-254(grace,)-255(and)-254(giving)-253(peace)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(through)-303(her)-303(cleansing)-302(rites.)-409(Hers)-303(is,)-316(along)-302(with)-303(the)-303(cults)-303(of)-302(Isis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-309(Mithra,)-323(which)-309(will)-309(next)-308(claim)-309(our)-309(attention,)-323(an)-309(example)-308(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-199(process)-198(of)-198(Divine)-199(evolution,)-209(by)-198(which,)-209(in)-198(the)-199(painful)-198(progress)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-232(humanity,)-235(the)-232(crude)-232(efforts)-231(of)-232(religious)-232(symbolism)-232(are)-231(purged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-336(elevated.)-507(It)-336(is)-336(an)-336(example)-336(of)-335(the)-336(way)-336(in)-336(which)-336(the)-335(human)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(spirit,)-215(refusing)-206(to)-206(break)-206(with)-206(its)-206(past,)-215(sometimes)-206(succeeds,)-215(if)-206(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-250(a)-250(time,)-250(in)-250(putting)-250(new)-250(wine)-250(into)-250(old)-250(bottles.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 81.071 Td [(2871)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Goehler,)-250(p.)-250(34;)-250(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(66;)-250(Preller,)-250(p.)-250(488;)-250(Cumont,)-250(Introd.)-250(p.)-250(333.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2872)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Goehler,)-250(p.)-250(29.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2971 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2972 0 R /Resources 2970 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2961 0 R >> endobj 2973 0 obj << /D [2971 0 R /XYZ 240.558 382.683 null] >> endobj 2970 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2974 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index20) >> endobj 2977 0 obj (V. Isis and Serapis) endobj 2980 0 obj << /Length 5020 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.7 Td [([560])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf -194.556 -30.056 Td [(CHAPTER)-279(V)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -12.015 -44.51 Td [(ISIS)-275(AND)-276(SERAPIS)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -84.453 -25.948 Td [(The)-329(worship)-330(of)-329(Isis)-329(and)-329(Serapis,)-349(reckoning)-330(from)-329(the)-329(day)-329(when)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-362(established)-361(itself)-362(in)-361(the)-362(port)-361(of)-362(Athens,)-389(had)-362(a)-361(reign)-362(of)-361(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(than)-258(seven)-257(centuries)-258(over)-258(the)-257(peoples)-258(of)-257(Europe.)-273(Its)-258(influence)-257(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-339(western)-339(provinces)-339(of)-339(the)-339(Empire)-339(and)-339(in)-339(the)-339(capital)-339(may)-339(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(roughly)-185(said)-186(to)-185(cover)-186(a)-185(period)-186(of)-185(500)-185(years.)-229(It)-185(was)-186(not,)-198(indeed,)-198(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(old)-297(native)-297(worship)-296(of)-297(the)-297(valley)-297(of)-297(the)-296(Nile)-297(which)-297(won)-297(such)-296(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(empire)-247(over)-248(cultivated)-247(intellects)-248(from)-247(Chaeronea)-248(to)-247(the)-247(Thames.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-390(ancient)-390(Egyptian)-390(worship)-390(underwent)-390(vast)-389(transformations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-319(the)-319(crucible)-319(of)-319(all)-320(creeds)-319(at)-319(Alexandria.)-457(It)-319(was)-319(captured)-319(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(utilised)-243(for)-243(political)-243(purposes)-243(by)-242(the)-243(Ptolemies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 205.29 3.958 Td [(2873)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.139 -3.958 Td [(It)-243(was)-243(linked)]TJ -224.429 -13.55 Td [(with)-378(the)-379(most)-378(spiritual)-378(forces)-378(of)-378(Hellenic)-379(piety)-378(at)-378(Eleusis)-378(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Delphi;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.728 3.959 Td [(2874)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.976 -3.959 Td [(it)-300(was)-299(transformed)-300(by)-299(the)-300(subtle)-299(syncretism)-300(of)-299(later)]TJ -52.704 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-213(philosophy;)-225(and,)-220(through)-213(the)-213(secretaries)-212(of)-213(embassies,)-220(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(Egyptian)-279(slaves)-278(and)-278(merchants)-279(who)-278(poured)-278(into)-279(the)-278(ports)-278(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(southern)-291(Italy)-290(in)-291(the)-291(second)-290(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 161.423 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-301(it)-291(stole)-290(or)-291(forced)-291(itself)]TJ -176.497 -13.55 Td [(into)-185(the)-184(chapels)-185(of)-185(great)-184(houses)-185(at)-185(Rome,)-198(till,)-197(in)-185(the)-185(end,)-197(emperors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-232(proud)-233(to)-232(receive)-232(its)-233(tonsure,)-235(to)-233(walk)-232(in)-232(the)-233(processions,)-235(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(build)-250(and)-250(adorn)-250(Egyptian)-250(temples.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.204 3.959 Td [(2875)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -149.248 -17.508 Td [(The)-475(Isiac)-476(worship)-475(had)-475(conquered)-476(the)-475(Greek)-475(world)-475(before)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(it)-401(became)-401(a)-400(power)-401(in)-401(Italy.)-702(In)-401(the)-400(fourth)-401(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 231.501 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.446 0 Td [(traders)]TJ -250.947 -13.55 Td [(from)-290(the)-290(Nile)-290(had)-290(their)-289(temple)-290(of)-290(Isis)-290(at)-290(the)-290(Peiraeus;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 235.831 3.959 Td [(2876)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.819 -3.959 Td [(in)-290(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.311 Td [(2873)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.374 0 Td [(Culte)-250(des)-250(divinit\351s)-250(d)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 72.977 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Alexandrie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.344 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(15;)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.087 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)-250(et)-250(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(28.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -258.257 -7.31 Td [(2874)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.487 0 Td [(De)-270(Is.)-312(et)-270(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.894 0 Td [(c.)-311(35,)-276(addressed)-270(to)-271(Clea,)-275(who)-271(was)-270(high)-271(in)-270(the)-271(worship)]TJ -85.336 -10.959 Td [(of)-250(Dionysus,)-250(and)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 63.257 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 3.981 0 Td [(hereditarily)-250(devoted)-250(to)-250(Osiris.)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 107.086 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -177.064 -7.394 Td [(2875)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.236 0 Td [(Com.)-347(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.523 0 Td [(c.)-347(9;)-299(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.276 0 Td [(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.22 0 Td [(c.)-347(17;)-299(R\351ville,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.225 0 Td [(Rel.)-347(unter)-283(den)-282(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 71.47 0 Td [(p.)]TJ -273.905 -10.959 Td [(58.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2876)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Foucart,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(Assoc.)-250(Religieuses)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.244 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(83.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2979 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2980 0 R /Resources 2978 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2961 0 R >> endobj 151 0 obj << /D [2979 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 2975 0 obj << /D [2979 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 2978 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2983 0 obj << /Length 8294 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(678)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(third)-284(century)-284(the)-284(worship)-283(had)-284(been)-284(admitted)-284(within)-284(the)-284(walls)-283(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Athens.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.633 3.959 Td [(2877)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.691 -3.959 Td [(About)-266(the)-266(same)-266(time)-266(the)-266(goddess)-266(had)-266(found)-266(a)-266(home)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -126.079 0 Td [([561])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(at)-388(Ceos,)-421(and)-388(Delos,)-422(at)-387(Smyrna)-388(and)-387(Halicarnassus,)-422(and)-388(on)-387(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(coasts)-356(of)-356(Thrace.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.531 3.958 Td [(2878)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.639 -3.958 Td [(She)-356(was)-356(a)-356(familiar)-357(deity)-356(at)-356(Orchomenus)]TJ -99.17 -13.55 Td [(and)-494(Chaeronea)-494(for)-495(generations)-494(before)-494(Plutarch)-494(found)-494(in)-494(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legends)-445(a)-445(congenial)-446(field)-445(for)-445(the)-445(exposition)-445(of)-445(his)-445(concordat)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(between)-473(philosophy)-473(and)-472(myth.)-919(Nor)-472(need)-473(we)-473(wonder)-473(at)-472(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(choice)-362(of)-361(the)-362(Egyptian)-361(cults.)-585(For)-362(the)-361(Isis)-362(and)-361(Osiris)-362(of)-361(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-371(Italian)-372(lands)-371(were)-371(very)-371(different)-372(objects)-371(of)-371(devotion)-371(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-361(gods)-361(who)-361(bore)-361(those)-360(names)-361(in)-361(Egyptian)-361(legend.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.196 3.959 Td [(2879)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.794 -3.959 Td [(From)]TJ -256.99 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(seventh)-285(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 88.698 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.181 0 Td [(Greeks)-285(from)-285(the)-285(Asiatic)-284(coast)-285(had)-285(been)]TJ -106.879 -13.549 Td [(securely)-270(settled)-271(at)-270(the)-270(mouth)-271(of)-270(the)-270(Nile.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.498 3.959 Td [(2880)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.83 -3.959 Td [(Greek)-270(mercenaries)]TJ -198.328 -13.549 Td [(had)-544(served)-544(in)-544(the)-543(Egyptian)-544(armies)-544(in)-544(the)-544(southern)-543(deserts;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-376(Greek)-376(half-breeds)-377(had)-376(long)-376(amused)-376(and)-376(cajoled)-376(travellers)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-293(Miletus)-293(or)-292(Halicarnassus,)-304(as)-292(interpreters)-293(and)-293(guides)-293(to)-292(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scenes)-473(of)-473(immemorial)-473(interest.)-918(When)-473(Herodotus)-473(visited)-472(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(country,)-451(the)-410(identity)-410(of)-411(Greek)-410(and)-411(Egyptian)-410(gods)-411(was)-410(a)-410(long)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(accepted)-204(fact.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.467 3.959 Td [(2881)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.999 -3.959 Td [(From)-204(the)-204(fifth)-204(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 97.38 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.301 0 Td [(the)-204(Egyptian)-204(Trinity)]TJ -193.147 -13.549 Td [(of)-385(Isis,)-419(Osiris,)-419(and)-385(Horus)-386(had)-385(found)-385(counterparts)-385(in)-385(Demeter,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Dionysus,)-207(and)-196(Apollo.)-232(The)-195(campaign)-196(of)-196(the)-196(Athenian)-196(fleet)-196(in)-195(460)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-282(hastened)-282(and)-281(confirmed)-282(the)-282(process)-282(of)-282(syncretism,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2882)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(and)-443(crowds)-443(of)-443(travellers,)-491(steeped)-443(in)-443(Orphic)-443(and)-442(Pythagorean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysticism,)-437(returned)-400(from)-399(the)-400(valley)-399(of)-400(the)-400(Nile)-399(to)-400(spread)-399(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrine)-286(of)-286(a)-286(common)-286(faith.)-358(After)-286(the)-286(foundation)-286(of)-286(Alexandria)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 187.156 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 180.344 Td [(2877)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(pp.)-250(27-32;)-250(Paus.)-250(i.)-250(18,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2878)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(38.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2879)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.906 0 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.264 0 Td [(De)-299(Is.)-398(et)-300(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.448 0 Td [(c.)-398(53,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 23.793 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.149 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.789 0 Td [(\302)-299(\306\315\303\265\311\302)-299(\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 41.752 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\273\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(,)-312(c.)-398(52,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 28.83 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.041 0 Td [(\021)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\304\255\301\261\275)-299(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.7 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.972 -10.959 Td [(\303\265\273\256\275\267\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.567 0 Td [(:)-448(c.)-546(38,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 32.188 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.106 0 Td [(<)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.64 0 Td [(\303\271\264\277\302)-349(\303)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.753 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\274\261)-349(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.927 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.674 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\277\305\303\271)-349(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 32.699 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.764 0 Td [(\275\277\274\257\266\277\305\303\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.536 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.592 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.673 0 Td [(\300\254\303\261\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.963 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -278.388 -10.958 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\273\273)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 9.468 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.719 0 Td [(')]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.391 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.198 0 Td [(\235\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.576 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\273\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.59 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\262\261\257\275\265\271)-305(\303\300\265\301\274\261\257\275\311\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 77.441 0 Td [(:)-360(cf.)-414(c.)-414(32;)-333(c.)-414(56,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 67.02 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.613 0 Td [(\303\271\301\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.123 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.391 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301\307\256\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.978 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -278.388 -10.959 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-273(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.293 0 Td [(r)-273(<)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.858 0 Td [(\303\271\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.92 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.11 0 Td [(Q)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\300\277\264\277\307\256\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.633 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.746 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-273(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.293 0 Td [(r)-273(m)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.054 0 Td [(\301\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.749 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.11 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\277\304\255\273\265\303\274\261)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.129 0 Td [(:)-297(cf.)-320(Herodot.)-321(ii.)-320(156;)]TJ -202.854 -10.959 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.619 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.494 0 Td [(xi.)-607(c.)-608(7,)-399(matrem)-369(siderum,)-399(parentem)-369(temporum,)-399(orbisque)-369(totius)]TJ -45.113 -10.959 Td [(dominam)-250(blando)-250(mulcentes)-250(affamine.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2880)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodot.)-250(ii.)-250(154.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2881)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(156;)-250(cf.)-250(Plew,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.05 0 Td [(De)-250(Sarapide)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.074 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(23)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -123.771 -7.311 Td [(2882)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Thuc.)-250(i.)-250(104.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2982 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2983 0 R /Resources 2981 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2961 0 R >> endobj 2984 0 obj << /D [2982 0 R /XYZ 349.933 504.626 null] >> endobj 2981 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2987 0 obj << /Length 5346 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(679)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-392(theory)-392(became)-392(a)-392(propaganda.)-676(The)-392(first)-392(Ptolemy)-392(strove)-392(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(unite)-339(the)-339(two)-339(races)-339(under)-339(his)-339(sway)-339(by)-339(an)-339(eclecticism)-339(of)-339(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Alexandria)-316(was)-317(the)-316(focus)-317(for)-316(seven)-316(centuries.)-450(He)-316(found)-316(skilful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(allies)-264(in)-264(Manetho,)-268(the)-264(Egyptian)-264(priest)-264(who)-264(had)-264(written)-264(a)-264(treatise)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(on)-354(the)-354(inner)-355(meaning)-354(of)-354(the)-354(myths,)-381(and)-354(in)-354(Timotheus,)-380(a)-354(scion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-403(the)-402(Eumolpidae)-403(of)-403(Eleusis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.043 3.959 Td [(2883)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.162 -3.959 Td [(The)-403(Orphic)-402(and)-403(Dionysiac)]TJ -160.205 -13.549 Td [(mysticism)-367(was)-366(leagued)-367(with)-367(the)-366(Isiac)-367(worship.)-600(The)-367(legend)-366(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Egypt)-208(was)-208(recast.)-237(A)-208(new)-208(deity)-208(was)-208(introduced,)-217(who)-208(was)-208(destined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-328(have)-328(a)-328(great)-328(future)-327(in)-328(all)-328(lands)-328(under)-328(the)-328(Roman)-328(sway.)-483(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(origin)-333(of)-333(Serapis)-333(is)-333(still)-333(a)-333(mystery)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 152.709 3.959 Td [(2884)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.072 -3.959 Td [(and)-333(the)-333(latest)-333(critic)-333(may)]TJ -172.781 -13.549 Td [(have)-507(to)-507(acquiesce)-507(in)-507(the)-507(confused)-507(or)-507(balanced)-507(judgment)-507(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([562])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Tacitus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 34.844 3.959 Td [(2885)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.179 -3.959 Td [(Egyptian)-281(archaeologists)-281(claimed)-281(him)-281(as)-281(indigenous)]TJ -55.023 -13.549 Td [(at)-248(Rhacotis)-247(or)-248(Memphis,)-248(and)-248(construed)-248(his)-247(name)-248(as)-248(a)-247(compound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-358(Osiris)-358(and)-359(t)1(hat)-359(of)-358(his)-358(earthly)-358(incarnation,)-385(the)-358(bull)-359(Apis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2886)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-291(more)-292(popular)-291(tale)-292(was)-291(that)-291(the)-292(first)-291(Ptolemy,)-302(after)-291(repeated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(visions)-201(of)-200(the)-201(night,)-210(sent)-200(envoys)-201(to)-201(bring)-200(him)-201(from)-200(Sinope,)-210(where)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-418(was)-418(identified)-419(with)-418(Pluto,)-460(god)-418(of)-418(the)-419(under)-418(world.)-754(Other)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(traditions)-348(connected)-349(him)-348(with)-348(Seleucia)-348(in)-348(Cappadocia,)-373(or)-348(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Babylon.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 39.699 3.958 Td [(2887)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.635 -3.958 Td [(It)-356(may)-356(be)-356(that)-356(a)-356(false)-356(etymology,)-383(confoundi)1(ng)-357(a)]TJ -62.334 -13.55 Td [(hill)-330(near)-329(Memphis)-330(with)-329(the)-330(name)-329(of)-330(Sinope,)-349(was)-329(the)-330(source)-329(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(tale)-318(in)-318(Tacitus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 82.821 3.959 Td [(2888)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.39 -3.959 Td [(However)-318(this)-318(may)-318(be,)-335(Serapis)-318(takes)-318(the)]TJ -104.211 -13.549 Td [(place)-313(of)-314(Osiris;)-345(they)-313(never)-314(appear)-313(together)-314(in)-313(inscriptions.)-440(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(infant)-426(Horus)-426(received)-426(the)-426(Greek)-426(sounding)-426(name)-425(Harpocrates,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-310(Serapis,)-324(Isis,)-325(and)-310(Harpocrates)-309(became)-310(the)-310(Egyptian)-309(Trinity)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-297(Graeco-Roman)-296(Society.)-390(Anubis,)-308(the)-297(minister)-296(of)-297(the)-296(Trinity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-341(easily)-341(identified)-340(with)-341(Hermes,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 159.114 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-341(conductor)-340(of)-341(souls)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 99.624 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.561 0 Td [(in)]TJ -272.143 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-250(legend.)]TJ 11.956 -17.985 Td [(Syncretism)-296(and)-297(mysticism)-296(were)-296(great)-297(forces)-296(at)-297(Eleusis,)-307(from)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.445 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.633 Td [(2883)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(15)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2884)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plew,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(De)-250(Sarapide)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.074 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(10)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.185 -7.394 Td [(2885)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(iv.)-250(84.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(2886)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plew,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(De)-250(Sarapide)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.074 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(15;)-250(Preller,)-250(p.)-250(478.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.185 -7.31 Td [(2887)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plew,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(De)-250(Sarapide)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.074 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -82.185 -7.311 Td [(2888)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(17.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2986 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2987 0 R /Resources 2985 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2989 0 R >> endobj 2988 0 obj << /D [2986 0 R /XYZ 227.266 382.683 null] >> endobj 2985 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2992 0 obj << /Length 7132 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(680)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(which)-253(Ptolemy)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.797 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-253(adviser)-254(Timotheus)-253(came.)-260(And)-253(there)-254(all)-253(interest)]TJ -69.429 -13.549 Td [(centred)-295(in)-295(the)-296(future)-295(life,)-306(and)-295(in)-296(preparation)-295(for)-295(it)-295(by)-295(sacerdotal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ritual)-603(and)-602(moral)-603(discipl)1(ine.)-1308(The)-602(Orphic)-603(and)-602(Pythagorean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysticism)-491(which)-492(traced)-491(itself)-491(to)-491(Egypt)-492(or)-491(the)-491(remoter)-491(East,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(returned)-403(to)-404(its)-403(sources,)-442(to)-403(aid)-404(in)-403(moulding)-403(the)-404(cults)-403(of)-403(Egypt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-290(a)-290(worship)-289(for)-290(the)-290(world.)-369(A)-290(crowd)-290(of)-290(ingenious)-289(theologians)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(set)-286(to)-285(work,)-294(by)-286(means)-286(of)-285(physical)-286(explanation,)-294(wild)-285(etymology,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-440(fanciful)-441(analogies,)-487(to)-441(complete)-440(the)-440(syncretism.)-821(And)-440(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(final)-319(results)-318(of)-319(their)-318(efforts,)-336(preserved)-318(in)-319(the)-318(famous)-319(treatise)-318(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Plutarch)-399(on)-400(Isis,)-437(is)-399(a)-399(trinitarian)-400(monotheism,)-437(with)-399(an)-399(original)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dualism)-247(of)-247(the)-247(good)-247(and)-247(evil)-247(principles.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.826 3.959 Td [(2889)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.155 -3.959 Td [(But)-247(the)-247(idea)-247(of)-247(God,)]TJ -191.981 -13.549 Td [(although)-239(limited)-240(in)-239(one)-240(sense)-239(by)-240(the)-239(recognition)-240(of)-239(a)-239(co-ordinate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(evil)-368(power,)-397(tends)-368(on)-368(the)-368(other)-368(to)-368(become)-368(more)-367(all-embracing.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Serapis)-300(is)-301(constantly)-300(linked)-300(with)-300(Jupiter)-300(and)-301(Sol)-300(Invictus)-300(in)-300(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(inscriptions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.64 3.959 Td [(2890)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.432 -3.959 Td [(In)-441(the)-442(orations)-441(of)-442(Aristides)-441(he)-442(becomes)-441(the)]TJ -79.072 -13.549 Td [(centre)-432(of)-432(the)-432(universe.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 102.891 3.959 Td [(2891)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.117 -3.959 Td [(Isis)-432(of)-432(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.705 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(myriad)-432(names)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 63.489 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.555 0 Td [(tends)]TJ -257.601 -13.549 Td [(to)-394(absorb)-395(all)-394(other)-394(deities,)-431(and)-394(was)-394(addressed)-395(by)-394(her)-394(votaries)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([563])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(as)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 13.204 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Thou)-377(who)-378(art)-377(all.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.308 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2892)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.554 -3.959 Td [(The)-377(Isis)-378(of)-377(the)-377(dream)-377(of)-378(Lucius)-377(in)]TJ -122.753 -13.549 Td [(Apuleius)-293(is)-293(the)-293(universal)-293(mother,)-303(creator)-293(of)-293(all)-293(things,)-304(queen)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-179(world)-178(of)-179(shades,)-193(first)-179(of)-178(the)-179(inhabitants)-179(of)-178(heaven,)-193(in)-179(whom)-178(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gods)-308(have)-308(their)-309(unchanging)-308(type.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.062 3.959 Td [(2893)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.069 -3.959 Td [(She)-308(is)-308(also)-308(pre-eminently)]TJ -168.131 -13.549 Td [(the)-275(power)-276(who)-275(can)-276(cleanse)-275(and)-276(comfort,)-282(and)-275(impart)-276(the)-275(hope)-275(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(life)-250(everlasting.)]TJ 11.956 -14.503 Td [(The)-292(Isiac)-293(worship)-292(arrived)-293(in)-292(Italy)-293(probably)-292(through)-293(the)-292(ports)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-497(Campania.)-989(Puteoli,)-559(in)-496(particular,)-559(was)-496(the)-497(great)-496(entrep\364t)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-354(the)-354(trade)-354(with)-353(Alexandria.)-562(Foreign)-354(merchants,)-380(sailors,)-379(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slaves)-222(were)-222(arriving)-222(there)-223(every)-222(day,)-227(and,)-228(in)-222(the)-222(century)-222(between)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.119 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.306 Td [(2889)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)-250(et)-250(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(45,)-250(49.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.426 -7.31 Td [(2890)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(1890)-250(sqq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.605 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(1005;)-250(iii.)-250(4560,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -91.662 -7.311 Td [(2891)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.823 0 Td [(Or.)-633(Sac.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.45 0 Td [(viii.)-633(53,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 34.755 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.022 0 Td [(\304\261\274\257\261\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 27.781 0 Td [(b)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)-378(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.252 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.931 0 Td [(\262\271\311\303\257\274\277\305)-377(\272\261\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 50.664 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.093 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.32 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.371 0 Td [(\003)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\275)]TJ -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\264\271\272\261\257\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.566 0 Td [(\005)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\261\275\304\261)-310(\300\265\301\271\265\271\273\267\306\255\275\261\271)-311(\275\277\274\257\266\277\271\304\277)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 119.069 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.593 0 Td [(A)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.248 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.295 0 Td [(r)-311(e)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.826 0 Td [(\303\300\265\301)-310(\272\277\301\305\306\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.136 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\277\302)-310(\300\254\275\304\311\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -241.076 -10.959 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\301\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.643 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\302)-342(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.002 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.7 0 Td [(\300\255\301\261\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 29.103 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\265\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.759 0 Td [(.)-525(Cf.)-526(Baumgar.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.692 0 Td [(Aristides)-342(als)-341(Repr\344sentant)-342(der)-342(Soph.)]TJ -146.081 -10.959 Td [(Rhet.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(p.)-250(90)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.658 -7.31 Td [(2892)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(1871,)-250(tibi)-250(quae)-250(es)-250(omnia.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(2893)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(7.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2991 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2992 0 R /Resources 2990 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2989 0 R >> endobj 2993 0 obj << /D [2991 0 R /XYZ 217.555 301.388 null] >> endobj 2990 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 2996 0 obj << /Length 5668 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(681)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(204)-335(and)-336(100)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 59.455 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-357(more)-335(than)-335(ten)-336(embassies)-335(passed)-335(between)-336(the)]TJ -74.529 -13.549 Td [(Ptolemies)-389(and)-389(the)-389(Roman)-388(Senate,)-424(with)-389(a)-389(crowd)-389(of)-388(secretaries)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-275(servants)-276(attached)-275(to)-275(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.898 3.959 Td [(2894)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.995 -3.959 Td [(There)-275(was)-276(probably)-275(a)-275(temple)]TJ -152.893 -13.549 Td [(of)-314(Serapis)-314(at)-314(Puteoli)-313(as)-314(early)-314(as)-314(150)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 163.73 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-330(and)-314(the)-313(old)-314(temple)-314(of)]TJ -178.804 -13.55 Td [(Isis)-230(at)-230(Pompeii,)-234(which)-230(was)-230(thrown)-230(down)-230(by)-230(the)-230(earthquake)-230(of)-229(63)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.979 0 Td [(,)-372(may)-348(probably)-347(be)-348(referred)-347(to)-348(the)-348(year)-347(105)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 196.46 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 15.074 3.959 Td [(2895)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.231 -3.959 Td [(But)-348(the)]TJ -247.744 -13.549 Td [(erection)-263(of)-264(temples)-263(must)-264(have)-263(been)-263(preceded)-264(by)-263(a)-264(period)-263(of)-263(less)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(formal)-213(and)-213(more)-213(obscure)-214(worship,)-220(and)-213(we)-213(may)-213(perhaps)-213(conclude)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-345(Isis)-346(had)-345(established)-345(herself)-346(in)-345(Southern)-346(Italy,)-369(at)-345(all)-345(events)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(early)-209(in)-209(the)-209(second)-208(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 118.028 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.352 0 Td [(Thus,)-217(although)-209(it)-209(was)-209(generations)]TJ -135.38 -13.549 Td [(before)-228(the)-227(worship)-228(won)-228(its)-228(way,)-232(in)-228(the)-227(face)-228(of)-228(fierce)-227(persecution,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-291(an)-292(assured)-291(place)-292(at)-291(Rome,)-302(its)-291(first)-292(appearance)-291(coincides)-291(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-432(decay)-432(of)-432(the)-432(old)-432(religion,)-478(the)-432(religious)-432(excitement)-432(in)-432(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beginning)-324(of)-323(the)-323(second)-324(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 146.71 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-342(and)-323(the)-324(immense)-323(popular)]TJ -161.784 -13.55 Td [(craving)-250(for)-250(a)-250(more)-250(emotional)-250(form)-250(of)-250(worship.)]TJ 11.956 -16.943 Td [(The)-164(years)-164(at)-164(the)-164(end)-165(of)-164(the)-164(third)-164(and)-164(the)-164(beginning)-164(of)-164(the)-164(second)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 36.136 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.493 0 Td [(were)-313(in)-314(Italy)-313(years)-314(of)-313(strange)-313(religious)-314(excitement.)]TJ -54.629 -13.549 Td [(In)-437(204)-436(the)-437(great)-437(goddess)-436(was)-437(brought)-437(from)-437(Pessinus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.267 3.959 Td [(2896)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.276 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(186)-316(the)-316(decree)-316(for)-315(the)-316(suppression)-316(of)-316(the)-316(Bacchanalian)-315(scandal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-265(passed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.669 3.959 Td [(2897)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.668 -3.959 Td [(Magna)-265(Graecia)-266(and)-265(Etruria)-265(were)-266(the)-265(first)-265(points)]TJ -71.337 -13.549 Td [(assailed)-410(by)-410(the)-410(invasion)-410(of)-410(the)-410(orgiastic)-410(rites.)-730(But)-410(they)-410(soon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crept)-359(into)-359(the)-358(capital,)-386(with)-359(results)-359(which)-359(alarmed)-359(and)-358(shocked)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(old)-457(Roman)-456(sentiment.)-870(At)-457(first,)-508(an)-456(appearance)-457(of)-456(asceticism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(disguised)-407(the)-407(danger.)-721(But)-407(the)-407(rites)-407(soon)-407(gave)-407(an)-406(opportunity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-308(the)-309(wildest)-308(licence)-309(and)-308(for)-308(political)-309(intrigue.)-425(7000)-308(men)-308(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([564])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(women)-430(were)-429(found)-430(to)-429(be)-430(implicated,)-474(in)-430(one)-429(way)-430(or)-429(another,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-318(the)-319(movement.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.547 3.958 Td [(2898)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.399 -3.958 Td [(Within)-318(five)-318(years)-319(after)-318(the)-318(great)-318(scandal,)]TJ -98.946 -13.55 Td [(the)-365(apocryphal)-365(books)-365(of)-365(Numa)-365(were)-365(unearthed)-365(in)-365(the)-365(grounds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-475(Cn.)-924(Terentius)-475(on)-475(the)-475(Janiculum.)-924(The)-475(forgery)-475(was)-474(soon)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.513 Td [(2894)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(43.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(2895)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(p.)-250(40;)-250(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.537 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(163.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.117 -7.311 Td [(2896)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-250(xxix.)-250(10;)-250(Goehler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 84.427 0 Td [(De)-250(Matris)-250(Magnae)-250(Cultu)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 90.408 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -189.53 -7.31 Td [(2897)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Liv.)-250(xxxix.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2898)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Preller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(Myth.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.828 0 Td [(p.)-250(473.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2995 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 2996 0 R /Resources 2994 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2989 0 R >> endobj 2997 0 obj << /D [2995 0 R /XYZ 183.89 189.6 null] >> endobj 2994 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3000 0 obj << /Length 5067 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(682)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(detected,)-356(and)-334(they)-334(were)-335(burnt)-334(publicly)-335(in)-334(the)-335(Comitium)-334(by)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(praetor)-433(L.)-433(Petilius.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 85.201 3.959 Td [(2899)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.157 -3.959 Td [(But)-433(it)-433(was)-433(a)-433(suspicious)-433(circumstance)]TJ -110.358 -13.549 Td [(that)-448(the)-449(rolls)-448(were)-449(of)-448(Egyptian)-448(papyrus,)-498(which)-449(had)-448(been)-448(till)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(then)-302(unknown)-302(to)-302(the)-302(Roman)-302(world,)-315(and)-302(that)-302(they)-302(contained)-301(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dogmas)-327(of)-327(a)-327(Pythagorean)-327(lore)-327(which)-327(was)-327(equally)-327(strange.)-481(It)-326(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(almost)-389(certain)-389(that,)-423(in)-389(the)-389(same)-388(years)-389(in)-389(which)-389(the)-388(Dionysiac)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fanaticism)-275(arrived)-274(at)-275(Ostia,)-281(the)-275(Egyptian)-274(cults)-275(had)-275(been)-274(brought)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-377(merchants)-376(and)-377(sailors)-376(to)-377(Puteoli.)-630(Osiris)-376(and)-377(Dionysus)-376(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-303(been)-303(identified)-303(by)-303(the)-303(Alexandrian)-303(theologians;)-329(both)-303(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-263(patrons)-262(of)-263(mystic)-263(rites)-262(which,)-266(in)-263(their)-262(form)-263(and)-263(essence,)-265(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(much)-381(in)-381(common,)-414(and)-381(the)-381(Pythagorean)-381(system,)-414(combining)-381(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-209(influences)-209(of)-209(philosophy)-208(and)-209(religion)-209(in)-209(the)-209(East)-209(and)-208(West,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-392(the)-392(natural)-391(sponsor)-392(of)-392(the)-392(new)-392(worships.)-675(It)-392(was)-391(perhaps)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-207(eclectic)-208(Alexandrian,)-216(half)-207(Platonist,)-216(half)-208(Buddhist,)-215(devoted)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-310(the)-310(Isiac)-309(worship,)-325(yet)-310(ready)-310(to)-309(connect)-310(it)-310(with)-310(the)-309(Dionysiac)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legends)-211(of)-211(Delphi,)-219(Cithaeron,)-219(and)-211(Eleusis,)-219(who)-211(penned)-211(the)-211(secret)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scrolls,)-404(and)-373(buried)-372(them)-373(in)-373(the)-373(garden)-373(on)-373(the)-373(Janiculum.)-618(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(movement)-318(was)-319(setting)-318(in)-318(which,)-336(so)-318(often)-318(repulsed)-319(by)-318(the)-318(force)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-376(government)-375(and)-376(conservative)-375(feeling,)-407(was)-375(destined)-376(to)-375(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(enormous)-291(influence)-291(over)-291(the)-291(last)-291(three)-291(centuries)-291(of)-291(paganism)-290(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(West.)]TJ 11.956 -14.966 Td [(It)-212(has)-213(been)-212(plausibly)-212(suggested)-212(that)-213(the)-212(ease)-212(and)-212(completeness)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(with)-306(which)-307(the)-306(Bacchanalian)-306(movement)-307(was)-306(suppressed)-306(in)-306(186)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.785 0 Td [(was)-249(due)-248(to)-249(the)-248(diversion)-249(of)-248(religious)-249(interest)-248(to)-249(the)-248(Egyptian)]TJ -17.785 -13.549 Td [(mysteries.)-239(The)-218(cult)-218(of)-218(Isis)-218(had)-218(indeed)-218(very)-218(various)-218(attractions)-218(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(different)-286(minds.)-358(But)-286(for)-286(the)-286(masses,)-295(slaves,)-295(freedmen,)-295(and)-286(poor)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(working)-227(people,)-232(its)-227(great)-228(fascination)-227(lay)-227(in)-227(the)-228(pomp)-227(of)-227(its)-227(ritual,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-212(the)-212(passionate)-211(emotion)-212(aroused)-212(by)-211(the)-212(mourning)-212(for)-212(the)-211(dead)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Osiris,)-279(and)-274(his)-273(joyful)-273(restoration.)-320(It)-274(is)-273(this)-273(aspect)-274(of)-273(the)-273(worship)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-245(is)-245(assailed)-245(and)-244(ridiculed)-245(by)-245(the)-245(Christian)-245(apologists)-245(of)-244(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reign)-287(of)-287(Alexander)-287(Severus)-287(and)-287(of)-287(the)-287(reign)-288(of)-287(Constantine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2900)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.03 Td [(2899)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plin.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.727 0 Td [(H.)-279(N.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.948 0 Td [(xiii.)-338(27;)-294(Liv.)-338(xl.)-339(29;)-294(Momms.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 110.573 0 Td [(Rom.)-338(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 41.403 0 Td [(ii.)-338(p.)-338(402;)-294(Lafaye,)-287(p.)]TJ -205.607 -10.959 Td [(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2900)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.909 0 Td [(Adv.)-252(Marc.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.356 0 Td [(i.)-252(13;)-251(Firm.)-252(Mat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 61.595 0 Td [(De)-251(Err.)-252(Prof.)-252(Rel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.547 0 Td [(2,)-251(\247)-251(7,)-250(cur)-251(plangitis)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 2999 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3000 0 R /Resources 2998 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2989 0 R >> endobj 2998 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3003 0 obj << /Length 5895 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(683)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(The)-405(goddess,)-444(one)-406(of)-405(whose)-405(special)-405(functions)-406(was)-405(the)-405(care)-405(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([565])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(mothers)-308(in)-308(childbirth,)-323(appealed)-308(especially)-308(to)-308(female)-308(sensibility.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(As)-344(in)-345(the)-344(cult)-345(of)-344(Magna)-345(Mater,)-368(women)-344(had)-345(a)-344(prominent)-344(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-467(her)-468(services)-467(and)-467(processions,)-522(and)-467(records)-467(of)-467(these)-467(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dignities)-272(appear)-272(on)-273(the)-272(monuments)-272(of)-272(great)-272(Roman)-272(ladies)-272(down)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-246(the)-246(end)-246(of)-246(the)-246(Western)-246(Empire.)-249(The)-246(history)-246(of)-246(the)-246(Isiac)-246(cult)-246(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rome)-274(from)-273(Sulla)-274(to)-274(Nero)-273(is)-274(really)-273(the)-274(history)-274(of)-273(a)-274(great)-273(popular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-275(movement)-274(in)-275(conflict)-275(with)-274(a)-275(reactionary)-274(conservatism,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(cosmopolitan)-250(feeling)-250(arrayed)-250(against)-250(old)-250(Roman)-250(sentiment.)]TJ 11.956 -16.279 Td [(It)-352(is)-352(significant)-352(of)-352(the)-352(popularity)-352(of)-352(Isis)-352(that)-352(the)-352(reactionary)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(Sulla,)-430(who)-395(restored)-394(the)-394(election)-395(of)-394(chief)-394(pontiff)-395(to)-394(the)-394(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(college,)-239(was)-237(forced)-236(to)-237(recognise)-237(the)-236(Isiac)-237(guild)-236(of)-237(the)-236(Pastophori)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-429(80)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 28.755 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 15.074 3.959 Td [(2901)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.118 -3.959 Td [(Four)-429(times)-429(in)-429(the)-429(decade)-429(58-48)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 149.875 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-474(the)-429(fierce)]TJ -229.896 -13.549 Td [(struggle)-369(was)-369(renewed)-369(between)-369(the)-369(government)-369(and)-369(those)-369(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wished)-299(to)-300(place)-299(Isis)-300(beside)-299(the)-299(ancient)-300(gods;)-324(and)-299(in)-300(the)-299(year)-299(50)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.325 0 Td [(the)-206(consul,)-215(when)-207(unable)-206(to)-206(find)-207(a)-206(workman)-206(to)-207(lay)-206(hands)-206(upon)]TJ -17.325 -13.549 Td [(her)-198(shrine,)-208(had)-198(to)-198(unrobe)-198(and)-198(use)-198(the)-198(axe)-198(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 211.625 3.959 Td [(2902)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.977 -3.959 Td [(The)-198(victory)]TJ -230.602 -13.549 Td [(of)-320(conservatism)-320(was)-320(only)-321(temporary)-320(and)-320(apparent.)-460(Within)-320(five)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(years)-203(from)-202(the)-203(renewed)-203(fierce)-202(demolition)-203(of)-202(48)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 204.295 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.728 3.959 Td [(2903)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.752 -3.959 Td [(the)-203(white)]TJ -240.849 -13.549 Td [(robe)-445(and)-445(tonsure)-445(and)-445(the)-445(mask)-445(of)-445(Anubis)-445(must)-445(have)-445(been)-445(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(common)-224(sight)-224(in)-225(the)-224(streets,)-229(when)-224(the)-225(aedile)-224(M.)-224(Volusius,)-229(one)-224(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(those)-324(proscribed)-324(by)-323(the)-324(triumvirs,)-342(was)-324(able)-324(to)-324(make)-324(his)-323(escape)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(easily)-223(in)-223(this)-223(disguise.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95.49 3.959 Td [(2904)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.067 -3.959 Td [(The)-223(influence)-223(of)-223(Cleopatra)-223(over)-223(Julius)]TJ -114.557 -13.549 Td [(Caesar)-300(overcame)-299(his)-300(own)-300(prejudices)-299(and)-300(probably)-300(hastened)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(triumph)-182(of)-182(the)-182(popular)-182(cult.)-227(The)-182(triumvirs)-182(had)-182(to)-182(conciliate)-182(public)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feeling)-263(by)-263(erecting)-264(a)-263(temple)-263(of)-263(Isis)-263(in)-263(42)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 180.354 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 15.074 3.958 Td [(2905)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.31 -3.958 Td [(Priestesses)-263(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 163.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 154.701 Td [(fruges)-250(terrae)-250(et)-250(crescentia)-250(lugetis)-250(semina?)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2901)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.87 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.243 0 Td [(xi.)-524(c.)-523(30,)-364(Collegii)-342(vetustissimi)-341(et)-341(sub)-341(illis)-342(Sullae)-341(temporibus)]TJ -56.069 -10.959 Td [(conditi,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(2902)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.715 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.363 0 Td [(6;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 10.63 0 Td [(Ad)-355(Nat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.526 0 Td [(i.)-565(10;)-408(prohibitos)-355(Capitolio)-355(Varro)-355(commemorat)]TJ -108.189 -10.959 Td [(eorumque)-328(aras)-329(a)-328(senatu)-329(dejectas)-328(nonnisi)-329(per)-328(vim)-328(popularium)-329(restructas,)-348(Val.)]TJ 0 -10.958 Td [(Max.)-250(i.)-250(3,)-250(4;)-250(cf.)-250(Lewald,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 88.901 0 Td [(De)-250(Peregr.)-250(Rel.)-250(ap.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 92.883 0 Td [(p.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -184.524 -7.311 Td [(2903)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(xlii.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2904)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(47;)-250(Val.)-250(Max.)-250(vii.)-250(3,)-250(8;)-250(cf.)-250(App.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 153.899 0 Td [(B.)-250(C.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(iv.)-250(47.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -189.019 -7.394 Td [(2905)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(xliii.)-250(27;)-250(xlvii.)-250(15.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3002 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3003 0 R /Resources 3001 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2989 0 R >> endobj 3004 0 obj << /D [3002 0 R /XYZ 176.853 518.175 null] >> endobj 3001 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3007 0 obj << /Length 6256 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(684)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(devotees)-267(of)-266(Isis)-267(are)-266(henceforth)-266(found)-267(among)-266(the)-267(freedwomen)-266(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-228(houses)-228(and)-228(the)-227(mistresses)-228(of)-228(men)-228(of)-228(letters)-228(of)-228(the)-227(Augustan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 17.869 3.959 Td [(2906)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.889 -3.959 Td [(And,)-278(although)-272(the)-272(reaction)-272(following)-272(upon)-272(the)-272(battle)-272(of)]TJ -37.758 -13.549 Td [(Actium,)-288(in)-280(which)-280(the)-281(gods)-280(of)-280(Latium)-280(and)-281(the)-280(Nile)-280(were)-280(arrayed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(against)-460(one)-460(another,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.141 3.959 Td [(2907)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.031 -3.959 Td [(banished)-460(Isis)-460(for)-460(a)-460(time)-461(beyond)-460(the)]TJ -114.172 -13.549 Td [(pomoerium,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.029 3.959 Td [(2908)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.311 -3.959 Td [(the)-334(devotion)-334(of)-334(the)-334(masses)-334(to)-334(her)-334(seems)-334(never)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -146.095 0 Td [([566])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(to)-251(have)-250(slackened,)-251(and)-251(her)-251(tonsured,)-251(white)-250(stoled)-251(priests)-251(were)-250(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-285(seen)-285(everywhere.)-354(In)-285(the)-285(reign)-285(of)-285(Tiberius)-285(a)-285(serious)-285(blow)-284(fell)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-372(the)-371(Eastern)-372(worships.)-614(According)-372(to)-371(Josephus,)-402(a)-372(great)-371(lady)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(named)-387(Paulina,)-422(was,)-421(with)-388(the)-387(collusion)-387(of)-388(the)-387(priest,)-421(seduced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-373(an)-373(Isiac)-373(temple)-374(by)-373(a)-373(libertine)-373(lover)-373(in)-373(the)-373(guise)-373(of)-373(Anubis,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-285(the)-286(crime)-285(was)-285(sternly)-286(punished)-285(by)-285(the)-286(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 228.192 3.959 Td [(2909)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.322 -3.959 Td [(Tacitus)]TJ -248.514 -13.549 Td [(and)-259(Suetonius)-258(seem)-259(to)-259(be)-258(ignorant)-259(of)-258(this)-259(particular)-259(scandal,)-260(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-309(record)-310(the)-309(wholesale)-310(banishment)-309(to)-309(Sardinia)-310(of)-309(persons)-309(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-317(freedmen)-317(class,)-334(who)-317(were)-317(infected)-317(with)-317(Judaic)-316(or)-317(Egyptian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superstition.)-751(In)-417(the)-417(grotto)-417(of)-417(Cagliari)-417(there)-417(is)-417(to)-417(be)-417(seen)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(record)-246(of)-245(an)-246(obscure)-245(romance)-246(and)-245(tragedy)-246(which)-245(may)-246(have)-245(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(connected)-256(with)-256(this)-255(persecution.)-268(Atilia)-256(Pomptilla,)-257(who)-256(bore)-255(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-359(significant)-359(name)-358(of)-359(Benedicta,)-386(in)-359(some)-359(great)-359(calamity)-358(had)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(followed)-303(her)-303(husband)-303(Cassius)-303(Philippus)-303(into)-303(exile.)-409(Their)-303(union)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-186(lasted)-186(for)-187(two-and-forty)-186(years)-186(when)-186(the)-186(husband)-186(was)-186(stricken)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-258(disease)-258(in)-258(that)-257(deadly)-258(climate.)-274(Like)-258(another)-258(Alcestis,)-259(Atilia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-302(her)-302(vows)-302(and)-302(devotion)-301(offered)-302(her)-302(life)-302(for)-302(his.)-406(The)-301(husband)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(repaid)-364(the)-364(debt)-364(in)-364(these)-364(inscriptions,)-392(and)-364(the)-364(pair)-364(lie)-364(united)-364(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(death)-390(under)-389(the)-390(sculptured)-389(serpent)-390(of)-390(the)-389(goddess)-390(whom)-389(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-250(worshipped.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 95.138 3.959 Td [(2910)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -83.182 -17.508 Td [(Thenceforth)-593(under)-593(the)-592(emperors)-593(Isis)-593(met)-593(with)-593(but)-592(little)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(opposition.)-943(Claudius)-481(struck)-481(hard)-481(at)-481(the)-481(Jewish)-481(and)-480(Druidic)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.16 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.347 Td [(2906)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Catull.)-250(x.)-250(26;)-250(Tibull.)-250(i.)-250(3,)-250(23;)-250(Propert.)-250(ii.)-250(33.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2907)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aen.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(viii.)-250(698.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -33.121 -7.311 Td [(2908)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-202(Cass.)-234(liii.)-234(2,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 54.734 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.518 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.832 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\265\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.052 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.518 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.518 0 Td [(\221)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.335 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\263\315\300\304\271\261)-202(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.996 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.384 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\303\265\264\255\276\261\304\277)-202(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 38.645 0 Td [(4)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\303\311)-202(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.693 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(\300\311\274\267\301\257\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.547 0 Td [(;)]TJ -278.137 -10.959 Td [(cf.)-250(liv.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2909)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-502(p.)-853(55,)-502(discredits)-451(the)-451(tale)-452(of)-451(the)-451(seduction,)-502(which)-451(is)-451(given)-452(by)]TJ -11.955 -10.959 Td [(Josephus)-250(alone,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 58.523 0 Td [(B.)-250(Jud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.392 0 Td [(xviii.)-250(3;)-250(cf.)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.519 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(ii.)-250(85;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.595 0 Td [(Tib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.444 0 Td [(36.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -227.141 -7.311 Td [(2910)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(2,)-250(7563)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3006 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3007 0 R /Resources 3005 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 2989 0 R >> endobj 3008 0 obj << /D [3006 0 R /XYZ 302.065 450.429 null] >> endobj 3005 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3011 0 obj << /Length 6518 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(685)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(rites,)-378(but)-353(on)-352(the)-353(other)-353(hand)-352(he)-353(was)-352(ready)-353(to)-352(transport)-353(those)-352(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Eleusis)-376(to)-376(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 76.998 3.959 Td [(2911)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.291 -3.959 Td [(He)-376(was)-376(probably)-376(equally)-376(tolerant)-376(to)-376(the)]TJ -100.288 -13.549 Td [(rites)-344(of)-345(Egypt.)-533(And)-344(in)-345(his)-344(reign)-345(dedications)-344(were)-345(made)-344(to)-344(Isis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-431(freedmen)-430(of)-431(great)-431(consular)-430(houses.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.868 3.958 Td [(2912)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.078 -3.958 Td [(Nero)-431(despised)-430(all)]TJ -200.946 -13.55 Td [(religions)-233(except)-234(that)-233(of)-233(the)-233(Syrian)-234(goddess;)-239(yet)-233(Isis)-233(had)-233(probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(little)-311(to)-311(fear)-311(from)-310(a)-311(prince)-311(who)-311(had)-311(been)-311(touched)-311(by)-311(the)-310(charm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-220(mystery)-220(of)-220(the)-220(East,)-226(and)-220(who)-220(at)-220(the)-220(last)-220(would)-220(have)-220(accepted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(prefecture)-250(of)-250(Egypt.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.605 3.959 Td [(2913)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.167 -3.959 Td [(Otho)-250(was,)-250(however,)-250(the)-250(first)-250(Roman)]TJ -122.772 -13.549 Td [(emperor)-406(who)-407(openly)-406(took)-407(part)-406(in)-406(the)-407(Egyptian)-406(rites.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.381 3.958 Td [(2914)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.285 -3.958 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(Flavians)-399(had)-398(all)-399(come)-399(under)-399(the)-398(spell)-399(of)-399(Eastern)-398(superstition.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian)-349(had)-350(had)-349(a)-350(solitary)-349(vigil)-350(in)-349(the)-349(temple)-350(of)-349(Serapis;)-399(in)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.023 0 Td [([567])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(obedience)-263(to)-264(a)-263(dream)-264(from)-263(the)-263(god)-264(he)-263(had)-264(consented)-263(to)-263(perform)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(miracles)-466(of)-466(healing.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 91.056 3.959 Td [(2915)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.231 -3.959 Td [(In)-466(the)-466(fierce)-466(civil)-466(strife)-466(of)-465(69)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 144.637 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.902 -13.549 Td [(when)-345(the)-345(Capitol)-346(was)-345(stormed)-345(and)-346(burnt)-345(by)-345(the)-345(Vitellians,)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(service)-239(of)-239(Isis)-239(was)-239(actually)-238(going)-239(on,)-241(and)-239(Domitian,)-241(disguised)-239(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(her)-347(sacred)-347(vestments,)-371(escaped)-347(among)-347(the)-347(crowd)-347(of)-347(priests)-347(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acolytes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 38.476 3.959 Td [(2916)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.996 -3.959 Td [(He)-275(repaid)-276(the)-275(debt)-276(by)-275(rebuilding)-275(the)-276(temple)-275(of)-275(Isis)]TJ -58.472 -13.549 Td [(in)-356(the)-357(Campus)-356(Martius,)-383(in)-356(92)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 137.249 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-383(on)-356(a)-356(magnificent)-357(scale.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 110.964 3.959 Td [(2917)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.191 -17.508 Td [(The)-338(sarcasms)-338(of)-338(Juvenal)-338(on)-338(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.126 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(shaven,)-360(linen-clad)-338(herd,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 106.375 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.532 0 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(the)-407(pious)-407(austerities)-407(of)-407(female)-407(worshippers)-406(of)-407(Isis,)-446(reveal)-407(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(powerful)-302(hold)-302(which)-302(the)-302(goddess)-302(had)-302(obtained)-302(in)-302(his)-302(day,)-315(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-299(the)-299(frivolous)-299(and)-299(self-indulgent.)-396(Hadrian,)-311(of)-299(course,)-311(had)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gods)-424(of)-425(the)-424(Nile)-425(in)-424(the)-425(Canopus)-424(of)-425(his)-424(cosmopolitan)-425(villa)-424(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tibur.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.967 3.959 Td [(2918)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.793 -3.959 Td [(Commodus)-361(walked)-361(in)-361(procession)-360(with)-361(shaven)-361(head)]TJ -49.76 -13.549 Td [(and)-307(an)-308(image)-307(of)-307(Anubis)-308(in)-307(his)-307(arms.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 161.937 3.958 Td [(2919)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.042 -3.958 Td [(The)-307(triumph)-308(of)-307(Isis)-307(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 176.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 169.951 Td [(2911)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.406 0 Td [(25;)-250(cf.)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lx.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -61.526 -7.311 Td [(2912)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(353.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(2913)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.476 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.778 0 Td [(xv.)-535(36;)-392(cf.)-535(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.958 0 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-369(40,)-368(47,)-369(varia)-345(agitavit,)-368(an)-345(vel)-345(Aegypti)]TJ -138.1 -10.959 Td [(praefecturam)-250(concedi)-250(sibi)-250(oraret,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2914)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.053 -7.394 Td [(2915)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(iv.)-250(v.)-250(vii.;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 54.793 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.431 0 Td [(iv.)-250(81.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -131.258 -7.311 Td [(2916)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iii.)-250(74;)-250(cf.)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 57.537 0 Td [(Domit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(i.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -136.485 -7.311 Td [(2917)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(61,)-250(n.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2918)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Prom.)-250(Arch\346ol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.276 0 Td [(p.)-250(238;)-250(Spart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.562 0 Td [(Hadr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.411 0 Td [(c.)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -181.819 -7.311 Td [(2919)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(Commod.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3010 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3011 0 R /Resources 3009 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3014 0 R >> endobj 3012 0 obj << /D [3010 0 R /XYZ 233.005 382.683 null] >> endobj 3013 0 obj << /D [3010 0 R /XYZ 117.008 77.262 null] >> endobj 3009 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3017 0 obj << /Length 5147 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(686)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-250(Antonine)-250(age)-250(was)-250(complete.)]TJ 11.956 -16.984 Td [(The)-367(Serapeum)-366(at)-367(Alexandria)-366(was)-367(to)-367(the)-366(Egyptian)-367(cult)-366(what)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-405(Temple)-405(was)-405(to)-405(the)-405(religion)-405(of)-405(Israel.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 186.353 3.958 Td [(2920)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.24 -3.958 Td [(And)-405(the)-405(world-)]TJ -210.593 -13.55 Td [(wide)-446(trade)-445(and)-446(far-spreading)-445(influence)-445(of)-446(what)-445(was)-446(then)-445(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(second)-406(city)-406(in)-406(the)-406(Empire)-406(might)-406(have)-406(given)-406(a)-406(wide)-406(diffusion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-349(to)-349(a)-349(religion)-349(less)-349(adapted)-349(to)-349(satisfy)-349(the)-349(spiritual)-349(wants)-348(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-433(time.)-797(Slaves)-432(and)-433(freedmen)-432(were)-433(always)-432(the)-433(most)-432(ardent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adherents)-258(and)-257(apostles)-258(of)-257(foreign)-258(rites.)-272(Names)-258(of)-257(persons)-258(of)-257(this)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(class)-356(appear)-357(on)-356(many)-356(monuments)-357(as)-356(holders)-356(of)-357(Isiac)-356(office)-356(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(liberal)-326(benefactors.)-477(A)-325(little)-326(brotherhood)-326(of)-325(household)-326(slaves)-325(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Valentia)-326(in)-325(Spain)-326(were)-325(united)-326(in)-326(the)-325(worship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.326 3.959 Td [(2921)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.64 -3.959 Td [(Petty)-326(traders)]TJ -224.966 -13.549 Td [(from)-238(Alexandria)-239(swarmed)-238(in)-238(the)-239(ports)-238(of)-238(the)-239(Mediterranean,)-240(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(especially)-432(in)-433(those)-432(of)-432(Campania,)-478(and)-432(near)-433(the)-432(Nolan)-432(gate)-432(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Pompeii)-306(the)-306(humble)-306(tombs)-305(of)-306(a)-306(little)-306(colony)-306(of)-306(these)-305(emigrants)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-351(been)-352(discovered.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 98.842 3.959 Td [(2922)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.479 -3.959 Td [(The)-351(sailors)-351(and)-352(officers)-351(of)-351(the)-351(corn)]TJ -121.321 -13.549 Td [(fleets)-410(from)-410(Africa)-410(also)-409(helped)-410(to)-410(spread)-410(the)-410(fame)-410(of)-410(Isis)-409(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Osiris.)-711(In)-404(the)-403(reign)-404(of)-404(Sept)1(imius)-404(Severus,)-442(their)-404(chief)-403(officer,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(C.)-370(Valerius)-370(Serenus,)-401(was)-370(neocorus)-370(of)-370(Serapis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.063 3.959 Td [(2923)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.098 -3.959 Td [(Alexandria)]TJ -232.161 -13.549 Td [(also)-356(sent)-357(forth)-356(a)-356(crowd)-357(of)-356(artists,)-383(philosophers,)-383(and)-356(savants)-356(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-331(West.)-495(Several)-331(men)-332(of)-331(Egyptian)-332(origin)-331(filled)-332(high)-331(places)-331(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-389(imperial)-389(household,)-423(as)-389(librarians)-389(or)-389(secretaries)-389(in)-389(the)-388(first)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([568])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(and)-408(second)-408(centuries.)-724(Chaeremon,)-447(who)-408(had)-408(been)-408(librarian)-408(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Alexandria,)-491(and)-443(who)-443(had)-442(composed)-443(a)-443(theological)-443(treatise)-442(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Isis)-406(and)-406(Osiris,)-445(became)-406(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 132.963 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-406(tutor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 32.008 3.958 Td [(2924)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.273 -3.958 Td [(Chaeremon)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-406(pupil,)]TJ -246.8 -13.55 Td [(Dionysius,)-558(was)-497(librarian)-496(and)-497(imperial)-497(secretary)-496(in)-497(the)-496(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-381(Trajan.)-645(And)-381(Julius)-382(Vestinus,)-414(who)-381(held)-382(these)-381(offices)-381(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hadrian,)-308(is)-297(described)-297(in)-296(an)-297(inscription)-297(as)-296(chief)-297(pontiff)-297(of)-296(Egypt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-478(Alexandria,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.161 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(a)-478(combination)-477(of)-478(dignities)-478(which)-478(probably)]TJ -83.07 -13.549 Td [(enabled)-359(him)-358(to)-359(throw)-359(his)-359(powerful)-358(protection)-359(around)-359(the)-358(Isiac)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(2920)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gibbon,)-250(c.)-250(28;)-250(Amm.)-250(Marc.)-250(xxii.)-250(16.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2921)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(ii.)-250(6004.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(2922)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(157.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2923)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(158.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2924)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(157.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3016 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3017 0 R /Resources 3015 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3014 0 R >> endobj 3018 0 obj << /D [3016 0 R /XYZ 203.914 243.756 null] >> endobj 3015 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3021 0 obj << /Length 7897 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(687)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(rites)-199(at)-200(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 59.801 3.959 Td [(2925)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.982 -3.959 Td [(An)-199(influence)-200(so)-199(securely)-200(seated)-199(on)-199(the)-200(Palatine)]TJ -78.783 -13.549 Td [(was)-348(sure)-347(to)-348(extend)-348(to)-347(the)-348(remotest)-348(parts)-347(of)-348(the)-348(Empire.)-543(If)-347(Isis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-401(defy)-401(all)-401(the)-401(force)-401(of)-401(the)-401(Republican)-401(Government,)-438(what)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-215(she)-214(not)-215(do)-214(when)-215(emperors)-214(were)-215(enrolled)-214(in)-215(her)-214(priesthood,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-274(imperial)-274(ministers,)-281(in)-274(correspondence)-274(with)-274(every)-274(prefecture)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-250(Britain)-250(to)-250(the)-250(Euphrates,)-250(were)-250(steeped)-250(in)-250(her)-250(mystic)-250(lore?)]TJ 11.956 -16.619 Td [(Already)-255(in)-255(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.994 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-255(reign,)-256(Lucan)-255(could)-255(speak)-255(of)-255(Isis)-255(and)-255(Osiris)]TJ -86.583 -13.549 Td [(as)-321(not)-320(only)-321(welcomed)-321(in)-320(the)-321(shrines)-321(of)-320(Rome,)-339(but)-320(as)-321(deities)-320(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-219(the)-219(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.201 3.959 Td [(2926)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.054 -3.959 Td [(Plutarch)-219(and)-219(Lucian,)-226(from)-219(very)-219(different)-219(points)]TJ -76.255 -13.549 Td [(of)-312(view,)-328(are)-313(witnesses)-312(to)-312(the)-313(same)-312(world-wide)-312(movement.)-437(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(judgment)-334(will)-334(be)-334(confirmed)-334(by)-334(even)-334(a)-334(casual)-334(inspection)-334(of)-333(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(religious)-325(records)-326(of)-325(the)-326(inscriptions.)-476(Although)-326(Isis)-325(and)-325(Serapis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-295(not)-294(peculiarly)-294(soldiers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 122.339 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.845 0 Td [(gods,)-306(like)-294(Mithra)-295(and)-294(Bellona,)-306(yet)]TJ -129.184 -13.549 Td [(they)-337(had)-337(many)-337(votaries)-337(among)-337(the)-337(legions)-337(on)-337(distant)-336(frontiers.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(A)-405(legate)-405(of)-405(the)-406(Legion)-405(Tertia)-405(Augusta,)-444(who)-405(was)-405(probably)-405(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Egyptian)-272(birth,)-277(introduced)-271(the)-272(rites)-271(into)-272(the)-271(camp)-272(of)-271(Lambaesis,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-257(a)-257(temple)-256(to)-257(Isis)-257(and)-257(Serapis)-257(was)-256(built)-257(by)-257(the)-257(labour)-257(of)-256(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pious)-391(hands)-392(among)-391(his)-392(soldiers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 145.264 3.959 Td [(2927)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.795 -3.959 Td [(Serapis)-391(appears)-392(often)-391(on)]TJ -169.059 -13.549 Td [(the)-381(African)-381(monuments,)-414(sometimes)-381(leagued)-381(or)-381(identified)-380(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Jupiter)-345(or)-344(Pluto.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.07 3.959 Td [(2928)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.266 -3.959 Td [(In)-345(Dacia)-344(and)-345(Pannonia)-345(the)-345(cults)-344(of)-345(Egypt)]TJ -94.336 -13.549 Td [(were)-364(probably)-364(not)-365(as)-364(popular)-364(as)-364(that)-364(of)-364(Mithra,)-393(but)-364(they)-364(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(left)-350(traces)-349(in)-350(all)-350(the)-349(great)-350(centres)-349(of)-350(population.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 214.408 3.958 Td [(2929)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.426 -3.958 Td [(In)-350(several)]TJ -236.834 -13.55 Td [(inscriptions)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.913 3.959 Td [(2930)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.164 -3.959 Td [(Isis)-342(is)-341(called)-342(by)-341(a)-342(native)-341(name)-342(such)-341(as)-342(Noreia,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 219.947 0 Td [([569])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(and)-200(we)-199(find)-200(on)-200(others)-199(the)-200(instructive)-199(blending)-200(of)-200(the)-199(strata)-200(of)-199(four)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mythologies.)-345(Tacitus)-281(thought)-281(he)-282(had)-281(discovered)-282(the)-281(counterpart)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 176.281 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 169.385 Td [(2925)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.G.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.944 0 Td [(5900,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.339 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.999 0 Td [(\301\307\271\265\301\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.097 0 Td [(\326)-421(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 12.413 0 Td [(\273\265\276\261\275\264\301\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 34.027 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\261\302)-421(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 21.425 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.416 0 Td [(\221)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.335 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\263\315\300\304\277\305)-421(\300\254\303\267\302)-422(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 65.381 0 Td [(v)-422(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.181 0 Td [(\300\271\303\304\254\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 24.057 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -275.841 -10.959 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.32 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.885 0 Td [(\234\277\305\303\265\257\277\305)-372(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 48.555 0 Td [(v)-372(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 9.74 0 Td [(\300)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.716 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.975 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.885 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.885 0 Td [(\354)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.357 0 Td [(\316\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.109 0 Td [(\303)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.126 0 Td [(\262\271\262\273\271\277\270\267\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.237 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 7.884 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 12.257 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\300\271\303\304\277\273\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.459 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.974 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.884 0 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.321 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -276.084 -10.959 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\277\272\301\254\304\277\301\277\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.617 0 Td [(:)-250(cf.)-250(Mac\351,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.582 0 Td [(Su\351tone)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(92,)-250(116.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -123.579 -7.311 Td [(2926)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lucan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.885 0 Td [(Phars.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.701 0 Td [(viii.)-516(831,)-362(nos)-338(in)-339(templa)-339(tuam)-339(Romana)-339(accepimus)-339(Isin;)-383(ix.)]TJ -66.542 -10.959 Td [(158,)-250(jam)-250(numen)-250(gentibus)-250(Isin.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2927)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.152 0 Td [(viii.)-663(2630;)-457(cf.)-663(Cagnat,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 91.249 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Arm\351e)-388(Rom.)-663(d)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 55.984 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.985 0 Td [(Afr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.177 0 Td [(p.)-663(423.)-663(See)-388(other)]TJ -211.474 -10.959 Td [(dedications)-250(by)-250(officers)-250(in)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 93.134 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(5836,)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -133.227 -7.311 Td [(2928)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(2629,)-250(1002,)-250(4,)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(2929)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(iii.)-250(881,)-250(2,)-250(1428,)-250(1590,)-250(1342,)-250(4015;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 128.775 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(5838.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -192.776 -7.311 Td [(2930)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(4809;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.628 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2035,)-250(5833.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3020 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3021 0 R /Resources 3019 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3014 0 R >> endobj 3022 0 obj << /D [3020 0 R /XYZ 177.507 217.023 null] >> endobj 3019 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3025 0 obj << /Length 5530 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(688)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-419(Isis)-419(in)-419(the)-419(forests)-418(of)-419(Germany.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 154.967 3.959 Td [(2931)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.693 -3.959 Td [(She)-419(is)-419(certainly)-419(found)]TJ -179.66 -13.549 Td [(in)-410(Holland,)-451(and)-410(at)-410(Cologne.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 128.033 3.959 Td [(2932)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.413 -3.959 Td [(Officers)-410(of)-411(the)-410(sixth)-410(Legion)]TJ -152.446 -13.549 Td [(worshipped)-349(her)-349(at)-349(York.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.271 3.959 Td [(2933)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.401 -3.959 Td [(French)-349(antiquaries)-349(have)-349(followed)]TJ -131.672 -13.549 Td [(the)-376(traces)-375(of)-376(the)-375(Egyptian)-376(gods)-375(in)-376(nearly)-375(all)-376(the)-375(old)-376(places)-375(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(importance)-266(in)-265(their)-266(own)-266(country,)-269(at)-266(Fr\351jus,)-270(N\356mes,)-269(and)-266(Arles,)-269(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lyons,)-398(Clermont,)-399(and)-369(Soissons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 143.329 3.959 Td [(2934)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.052 -3.959 Td [(Shrines)-369(of)-368(Isis)-369(have)-369(been)]TJ -166.381 -13.549 Td [(explored)-265(in)-265(Switzerland)-266(and)-265(at)-265(the)-265(German)-266(spas.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.636 3.959 Td [(2935)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.664 -3.959 Td [(The)-265(scenes)]TJ -232.3 -13.549 Td [(which)-427(were)-426(so)-427(common)-426(at)-427(Rome)-426(or)-427(Pompeii)-426(or)-427(Corinth,)-470(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(procession)-196(of)-197(shaven,)-207(white-robed)-196(priests)-197(and)-196(acolytes,)-207(marching)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-199(the)-199(sound)-200(of)-199(chants)-199(and)-199(barbaric)-199(music,)-210(with)-199(the)-199(sacred)-199(images)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-344(symbols)-344(of)-344(a)-344(worship)-344(which)-344(had)-344(been)-344(cradled)-344(on)-344(the)-344(Nile)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ages)-253(before)-254(the)-253(time)-253(of)-254(Romulus,)-254(and)-253(transmuted)-254(by)-253(the)-253(eclectic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(subtlety)-441(of)-441(Platonic)-440(theologians)-441(into)-441(a)-441(cosmopolitan)-440(religion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-208(reproduced)-208(in)-208(remote)-208(villages)-208(on)-208(the)-208(edge)-208(of)-208(the)-208(Sahara)-207(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(Atlantic,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(valleys)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Alps)-250(or)-250(the)-250(Yorkshire)-250(dales.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(What)-474(was)-475(the)-474(secret)-475(of)-474(this)-475(power)-474(and)-475(fascination)-474(in)-474(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(religion)-390(of)-389(a)-390(race)-389(whose)-389(cult)-390(of)-389(the)-390(dog)-389(and)-390(cat)-389(had)-390(so)-389(often)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moved)-403(the)-403(ridicule)-404(of)-403(the)-403(satirist)-403(and)-403(comic)-404(poet?)-709(No)-403(single)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(answer)-357(can)-358(be)-357(given)-358(to)-357(that)-358(question.)-572(The)-357(great)-358(power)-357(of)-357(Isis)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(of)-332(myriad)-332(names)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 75.106 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(was)-332(that,)-352(transfigured)-332(by)-332(Greek)-332(influences,)]TJ -88.414 -13.549 Td [(she)-443(appealed)-443(to)-443(many)-443(orders)-443(of)-442(intellect,)-492(and)-443(satisfied)-442(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-515(needs)-514(or)-515(fancies.)-1043(To)-515(the)-514(philosopher)-515(her)-514(legends)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(furnished)-313(abundant)-314(material)-313(for)-313(the)-314(conciliation)-313(of)-313(religion)-313(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pseudo-science,)-339(for)-322(the)-321(translation)-322(of)-321(myth)-322(into)-321(ancient)-321(cosmic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theory,)-318(or)-305(for)-304(the)-305(absorption)-304(of)-305(troublesome)-304(mythologies)-305(into)-304(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(system)-341(which)-341(perhaps)-341(tended)-340(more)-341(than)-341(any)-341(other,)-364(except)-340(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-309(Mithra,)-323(to)-309(the)-309(Platonic)-309(idea)-308(of)-309(the)-309(unity)-309(of)-308(God.)-427(The)-308(mystic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-373(dreamt)-372(of)-372(an)-373(ecstasy)-372(of)-373(divine)-372(communion,)-403(in)-373(which)-372(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.243 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.431 Td [(2931)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Germ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.9 0 Td [(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -57.518 -7.311 Td [(2932)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(1897.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(2933)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(5836.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2934)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-254(p.)-260(162.)-259(For)-254(an)-253(interesting)-253(dedication)-253(for)-254(the)-253(support)-253(of)-253(the)-254(worship)]TJ -11.955 -10.959 Td [(at)-250(N\356mes)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.368 0 Td [(v.)-250(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.382 0 Td [(xii.)-250(3058.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.49 -7.394 Td [(2935)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-390(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.023 0 Td [(457;)-320(cf.)-389(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.687 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.847 0 Td [(i.)-390(67,)-308(in)-296(modum)-297(municipii)-296(exstructus)-297(locus,)]TJ -121.512 -10.959 Td [(amoeno)-250(salubrium)-250(aquarum)-250(usu)-250(frequens.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3024 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3025 0 R /Resources 3023 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3014 0 R >> endobj 3023 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3028 0 obj << /Length 5118 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(689)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(limits)-329(of)-328(sense)-329(and)-329(personality)-328(might)-329(be)-329(left)-328(behind)-329(in)-329(a)-328(vague)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rapture)-407(of)-407(imaginative)-407(emotion,)-446(found)-407(in)-407(the)-407(spectacle)-407(of)-406(her)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inner)-229(shrine)-229(a)-230(strange)-229(power)-229(far)-229(surpassing)-229(the)-229(most)-229(transporting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effects)-321(of)-322(Eleusis.)-464(Women)-321(especially)-321(saw)-322(in)-321(the)-321(divine)-321(mother)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-207(mourner)-207(a)-207(glorified)-207(type)-207(of)-207(their)-207(sex,)-216(in)-207(all)-207(its)-206(troubles)-207(and)-207(its)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([570])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(tenderness,)-231(such)-225(as)-226(their)-225(daughters)-226(in)-226(coming)-225(ages)-226(were)-225(destined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-396(find)-395(in)-395(the)-396(Virgin)-395(Mother.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.779 3.959 Td [(2936)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.926 -3.959 Td [(The)-396(ascetic)-395(impulse,)-432(which)]TJ -156.705 -13.549 Td [(has)-311(seldom)-311(been)-311(far)-311(from)-311(the)-311(deepest)-310(religious)-311(feeling,)-326(derived)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(comfort)-438(and)-439(the)-438(sense)-438(of)-439(atonement)-438(in)-438(penitential)-438(abstinence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-467(preparation)-468(for)-467(the)-467(holy)-467(mysteries.)-902(The)-467(common)-467(mass,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-276(are)-275(affected)-276(chiefly)-275(by)-276(the)-275(externals)-276(of)-275(a)-276(religion,)-282(had)-275(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wants)-402(amply)-401(gratified)-402(in)-401(the)-402(pomp)-402(and)-401(solemnity)-402(of)-401(morning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sacrifice)-277(and)-277(vespers,)-284(in)-277(those)-277(many-coloured)-277(processions,)-283(such)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-286(that)-286(which)-286(bore)-286(in)-286(spring-time)-286(the)-286(sacred)-286(vessel)-286(to)-286(the)-285(shore,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-404(the)-403(sound)-404(of)-404(hymn)-403(and)-404(litany.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.48 3.959 Td [(2937)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.194 -3.959 Td [(And)-404(in)-403(an)-404(age)-404(when)]TJ -186.674 -13.549 Td [(men)-265(were)-265(everywhere)-265(banding)-265(themselves)-265(together)-265(in)-265(clubs)-264(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colleges)-345(for)-346(mutual)-345(help)-346(and)-345(comfort,)-370(the)-345(sacred)-346(guilds)-345(of)-345(Isis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-319(evidently)-318(an)-319(immense)-318(influence.)-456(That)-318(evil,)-336(as)-318(in)-319(nearly)-318(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heathen)-194(worships,)-205(often)-194(lurked)-194(under)-194(her)-194(solemn)-194(forms)-194(cannot)-194(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(denied,)-238(though)-234(there)-234(was)-235(also)-234(groundless)-234(calumny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 221.405 3.959 Td [(2938)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.108 -3.959 Td [(Yet)-234(there)]TJ -240.513 -13.549 Td [(must)-351(have)-350(been)-351(some)-351(strange)-350(power)-351(in)-351(a)-350(religion)-351(which)-350(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-311(a)-312(moment)-311(lift)-312(a)-311(sensualist)-312(imagination)-311(like)-312(that)-311(of)-311(Apuleius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(almost)-250(to)-250(the)-250(height)-250(and)-250(purity)-250(of)-250(Eckhart)-250(and)-250(Tauler.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.513 3.959 Td [(2939)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -222.557 -21.008 Td [(The)-365(triumph)-366(of)-365(Isis)-366(and)-365(Serapis)-366(in)-365(the)-366(Western)-365(world)-366(is)-365(an)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(instructive)-353(episode)-353(in)-353(the)-353(history)-353(of)-353(religion.)-559(It)-353(is,)-379(like)-352(that)-353(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithra,)-349(a)-328(curious)-329(example)-329(of)-329(the)-329(union)-329(of)-329(conservative)-328(feeling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-192(a)-192(purifying)-192(and)-192(transforming)-192(influence)-192(of)-192(the)-192(growing)-192(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense.)-585(A)-362(religion)-361(has)-362(a)-362(double)-361(strength)-362(and)-362(fascination)-361(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(has)-327(a)-327(venerable)-327(past)-327(behind)-326(it.)-481(The)-327(ancient)-327(symbolism)-327(may)-326(be)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.269 Td [(2936)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-385(p.)-576(160;)-412(R\351ville,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 93.716 0 Td [(Rel.)-575(unter)-359(den)-358(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 75.556 0 Td [(p.)-575(53;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.042 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.89 0 Td [(ii.)-575(3386,)-386(Isis)]TJ -232.159 -10.959 Td [(puellaris.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(2937)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.537 -7.31 Td [(2938)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(160,)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2939)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(24.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3027 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3028 0 R /Resources 3026 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3014 0 R >> endobj 3029 0 obj << /D [3027 0 R /XYZ 150.931 463.978 null] >> endobj 3026 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3032 0 obj << /Length 5870 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(690)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-433(creation)-434(of)-433(an)-433(age)-434(of)-433(gross)-433(conceptions)-434(of)-433(the)-433(Divine,)-479(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-301(be)-302(even)-301(grotesque)-301(and)-301(repulsive,)-314(at)-302(first)-301(sight,)-314(to)-301(the)-301(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(refined)-397(spiritual)-397(sense)-398(of)-397(an)-397(advanced)-397(moral)-398(culture.)-691(Yet)-397(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-431(instinct)-430(will)-431(always)-431(strive)-430(to)-431(maintain)-431(its)-430(continuity)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-400(the)-400(past,)-437(however)-400(it)-399(may)-400(transfigure)-400(the)-400(legacy)-400(of)-399(ruder)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ages.)-230(Just)-191(as)-190(Christian)-190(theologians)-191(long)-190(found)-191(anticipations)-190(of)-190(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gospel)-341(among)-341(patriarchs)-341(and)-341(warrior)-341(kings)-341(of)-341(Israel,)-363(so)-341(pagan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theologians)-260(like)-259(Plutarch)-260(or)-260(Aristides)-260(could)-259(discover)-260(in)-260(the)-259(cults)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-371(Egypt)-370(all)-371(their)-371(highest)-371(cosmic)-370(theories,)-401(and)-371(satisfaction)-370(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(all)-427(their)-427(spiritual)-427(wants.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.816 3.959 Td [(2940)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.956 -3.959 Td [(With)-427(unwavering)-427(faith,)-471(Plutarch)]TJ -133.772 -13.549 Td [(and)-324(his)-324(kind)-324(believed)-323(that)-324(under)-324(all)-324(the)-324(coarse)-324(mythic)-324(fancy)-323(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([571])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(early)-362(ages)-362(there)-362(was)-361(veiled)-362(a)-362(profound)-362(insight)-362(into)-362(the)-361(secrets)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-345(nature)-344(and)-345(the)-344(spiritual)-345(needs)-344(of)-344(humanity.)-534(The)-344(land)-345(of)-344(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nile,)-254(with)-253(its)-254(charm)-253(of)-253(immemorial)-254(antiquity,)-254(was)-253(long)-253(believed)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-351(have)-351(been)-351(the)-351(cradle)-351(of)-351(all)-351(that)-351(was)-351(best)-351(and)-351(deepest)-351(in)-351(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-182(or)-182(religious)-182(thought)-182(of)-182(Hellas.)-227(The)-182(gods)-182(of)-182(the)-182(classic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pantheon)-246(were)-246(identified)-246(with)-246(the)-246(gods)-246(of)-246(Egypt.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.999 3.959 Td [(2941)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.151 -3.959 Td [(Pythagoras)]TJ -232.15 -13.549 Td [(and)-390(the)-389(Orphic)-390(mystics)-389(had)-389(derived)-390(their)-389(inspiration)-390(from)-389(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(same)-224(source.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.058 3.958 Td [(2942)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.07 -3.958 Td [(The)-224(conquests)-223(of)-224(Alexander)-223(and)-224(the)-224(foundation)]TJ -75.128 -13.55 Td [(of)-445(Alexandria)-445(had)-445(drawn)-446(to)-445(a)-445(focus)-445(the)-445(philosophical)-445(or)-445(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-271(ideas)-271(of)-270(East)-271(and)-271(West,)-276(of)-271(India,)-276(Palestine,)-276(Persi)1(a,)-276(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greece.)-728(At)-409(Alexandria)-410(were)-409(blended)-409(and)-410(transformed)-409(all)-409(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophies)-296(and)-296(mythologies)-295(by)-296(the)-296(subtle)-296(dialectic)-296(of)-295(Greece.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-247(animal)-248(cult)-247(of)-248(Egypt,)-247(indeed,)-248(was)-248(always)-247(a)-247(stumbling-block)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-275(Greek)-276(and)-275(Roman.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.147 3.959 Td [(2943)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.997 -3.959 Td [(It)-275(moved)-276(the)-275(contempt)-275(and)-276(ridicule)-275(of)]TJ -114.144 -13.549 Td [(comedian)-293(and)-293(satirist.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.378 3.959 Td [(2944)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.567 -3.959 Td [(It)-293(was)-293(an)-292(easy)-293(mark)-293(for)-293(the)-293(sneers)-292(of)]TJ -116.945 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(crowd.)-334(Yet)-279(even)-278(the)-278(divinised)-278(dog)-278(or)-278(ibis)-278(could)-278(find)-278(skilful,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-254(not)-254(convinced,)-254(defenders)-254(among)-254(the)-254(Greek)-254(eclectics,)-255(who)-253(lent)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.201 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.388 Td [(2940)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)-250(et)-250(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(78;)-250(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.556 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Sac.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.876 0 Td [(viii.)-250(52,)-250(53.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -169.858 -7.31 Td [(2941)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodot.)-250(ii.)-250(c.)-250(50.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2942)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 12.192 0 Td [(c.)-330(81;)-291(Iambl.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 49.369 0 Td [(De)-277(Pythag.)-330(Vit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.73 0 Td [(\247)-277(151,)-283(cf.)-331(\247)-276(14;)-291(Porph.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 85.02 0 Td [(Pythag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.125 0 Td [(\247)-277(6;)-290(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -247.392 -10.959 Td [(De)-250(Is.)-250(et)-250(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(10.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.533 -7.31 Td [(2943)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.386 0 Td [(Apollon.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.296 0 Td [(vi.)-250(19;)-250(D.)-250(Chrys.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 62.02 0 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(xii.)-250(\247)-250(68.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -178.842 -7.311 Td [(2944)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(xv.)-250(3;)-250(cf.)-250(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.992 0 Td [(De)-250(Nat.)-250(Deor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.045 0 Td [(iii.)-250(15;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.662 0 Td [(Tuscul.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.396 0 Td [(v.)-250(27.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3031 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3032 0 R /Resources 3030 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3014 0 R >> endobj 3033 0 obj << /D [3031 0 R /XYZ 129.093 382.683 null] >> endobj 3030 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3036 0 obj << /Length 5800 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(691)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(all)-206(the)-207(forces)-206(of)-206(Hellenic)-206(ingenuity)-206(to)-207(the)-206(cause)-206(of)-206(antiquarianism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-341(religion.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.877 3.959 Td [(2945)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.156 -3.959 Td [(Their)-341(native)-342(mythology)-341(was)-341(not)-342(without)-341(traces)]TJ -71.033 -13.549 Td [(of)-310(zoolatry.)-428(Their)-310(own)-309(god)-310(of)-309(healing,)-325(who)-309(became)-310(so)-309(popular)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-384(all)-384(lands,)-417(was)-384(always)-384(connected)-384(in)-384(art)-384(and)-384(legend)-384(with)-383(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(serpent.)-442(The)-314(serpent)-314(of)-314(the)-314(Acropolis,)-330(which)-314(daily)-314(ate)-314(the)-314(holy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(wafer,)-365(was)-341(the)-342(immemorial)-342(companion)-341(of)-342(the)-342(tutelary)-341(goddess)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(Athens.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 45.446 3.959 Td [(2946)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.165 -3.959 Td [(Had)-250(not)-250(Zeus,)-250(in)-249(his)-250(many)-250(amours,)-250(found)-250(an)-250(easy)]TJ -64.611 -13.549 Td [(access)-211(to)-212(the)-211(fair)-211(victims)-212(of)-211(his)-211(love)-211(in)-212(animal)-211(forms?)-237(The)-211(Divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virtues)-267(are)-268(only)-267(faintly)-267(imaged)-267(in)-267(animals)-268(which)-267(have)-267(their)-267(uses)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-315(the)-315(world.)-445(If)-316(all)-315(religion)-315(is)-315(only)-315(symbolism,)-331(why)-315(should)-315(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-248(multiform)-248(beneficence)-248(of)-247(the)-248(unseen)-248(Powers)-248(be)-248(expressed)-247(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-273(form)-272(of)-273(creatures)-272(who)-272(give)-273(their)-272(service)-273(and)-272(companionship)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(man,)-250(as)-250(fitly)-250(as)-250(in)-250(lifeless)-250(bronze)-250(or)-250(marble?)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(But)-434(although)-434(men)-434(might)-435(try)-434(to)-434(reconcile)-434(theology)-434(even)-434(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(a)-427(worship)-426(of)-427(animal)-427(forms,)-471(it)-427(was)-426(by)-427(very)-427(different)-426(spiritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influences)-323(that)-323(Isis)-322(and)-323(Serapis)-323(won)-322(the)-323(devotion)-323(of)-323(the)-322(rustics)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([572])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-261(remote)-260(villages)-261(in)-260(Spain)-261(and)-261(Britain.)-281(The)-261(dog-headed)-260(Anubis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-564(perhaps)-564(be)-563(borne)-564(in)-564(processions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 187.394 3.959 Td [(2947)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.434 -3.959 Td [(The)-564(forms)-564(of)]TJ -216.828 -13.549 Td [(sacred)-539(animals)-539(might)-539(be)-539(portrayed,)-611(along)-539(with)-539(those)-539(of)-538(Io)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-207(Andromeda,)-216(on)-208(the)-207(frescoes)-207(of)-208(Herculaneum)-207(or)-208(Pompeii.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2948)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-451(the)-451(monuments)-452(of)-451(the)-451(Western)-451(provinces)-452(are,)-501(as)-451(a)-451(rule,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(singularly)-212(free)-212(from)-212(the)-211(grossness)-212(of)-212(early)-212(Egyptian)-212(zoolatry.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2949)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(And)-432(there)-432(is)-432(hardly)-432(a)-432(hint)-432(of)-432(it)-432(in)-432(the)-432(famous)-432(picture)-432(of)-432(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(initiation)-331(of)-331(Lucius)-331(in)-332(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 118.065 0 Td [(Metamorphoses)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 73.3 0 Td [(of)-331(Apuleius.)-494(In)-331(that)]TJ -191.365 -13.549 Td [(fascinating)-291(scene,)-301(Isis)-290(is)-291(the)-290(universal)-291(mother,)-301(Nature,)-301(queen)-290(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-374(worlds)-374(of)-374(light)-374(and)-374(darkness,)-405(the)-374(eternal)-374(type)-374(of)-374(all)-374(lesser)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divinities.)-258(And)-253(on)-253(inscriptions)-252(she)-253(appears)-253(as)-252(the)-253(Power)-253(who)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 268.51 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(is)]TJ -273.354 -13.549 Td [(all)-325(in)-325(all.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.126 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2950)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.984 -3.959 Td [(Whatever)-325(her)-325(special)-325(functions)-325(may)-325(be,)-344(goddess)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.488 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.592 Td [(2945)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)-250(et)-250(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(cc.)-250(72-74.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.426 -7.311 Td [(2946)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herodot.)-250(viii.)-250(c.)-250(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2947)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.481 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.114 0 Td [(xi.)-480(c.)-481(11,)-346(attollens)-326(canis)-327(cervices)-327(arduas)-327(Anubis;)-365(cf.)-480(Juv.)-481(vi.)]TJ -55.55 -10.958 Td [(534;)-250(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.12 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.654 0 Td [(c.)-250(44;)-250(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.054 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.421 0 Td [(6;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 9.217 0 Td [(Ad)-250(Nat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.643 0 Td [(ii.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -174.849 -7.311 Td [(2948)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(175.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.498 -7.311 Td [(2949)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(106,)-250(7.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(2950)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(1871.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3035 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3036 0 R /Resources 3034 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3038 0 R >> endobj 3037 0 obj << /D [3035 0 R /XYZ 298.918 314.937 null] >> endobj 3034 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3041 0 obj << /Length 5575 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(692)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-306(the)-306(spring,)-320(or)-306(of)-306(the)-306(sailor)-306(on)-306(the)-306(sea,)-320(guardian)-306(of)-306(women)-306(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(pangs)-332(of)-331(motherhood,)-351(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 134.941 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Queen)-331(of)-331(peace,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 72.343 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(2951)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.052 -3.959 Td [(guide)-331(and)]TJ -237.024 -13.549 Td [(saviour)-362(of)-361(souls)-362(in)-361(the)-362(passage)-361(to)-361(the)-362(world)-361(beyond)-362(the)-361(tomb,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(she)-289(remains)-288(the)-289(Supreme)-288(Power,)-299(invoked)-288(by)-289(many)-288(names,)-298(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(virtues)-299(and)-299(graces)-298(as)-299(various)-299(as)-299(her)-299(names.)-396(And)-299(Serapis,)-311(in)-298(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(later)-413(theology,)-453(is)-413(not)-413(the)-412(president)-413(of)-413(any)-413(provincial)-412(territory)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-360(the)-360(universe.)-579(He)-360(is)-359(not)-360(the)-360(lord)-360(of)-360(sea)-359(or)-360(earth)-360(or)-360(air)-359(only;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-437(is)-437(lord)-437(of)-437(all)-437(the)-437(elements,)-484(the)-437(dispenser)-437(of)-438(all)-437(good,)-483(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(master)-280(of)-280(human)-280(life.)-340(It)-280(is)-280(thus)-280(that)-280(Aristides)-280(hails)-280(him)-280(after)-280(his)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rescue)-377(from)-377(the)-378(perils)-377(of)-377(the)-377(sea.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.407 3.959 Td [(2952)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.329 -3.959 Td [(But)-377(although)-377(Serapis)-378(in)]TJ -173.736 -13.549 Td [(many)-231(a)-230(monument)-231(is)-231(enthroned)-230(beside)-231(Jupiter,)-234(Queen)-231(Isis)-231(is)-230(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supreme)-250(in)-250(the)-250(world)-250(both)-250(of)-250(the)-250(living)-250(and)-250(the)-250(dead.)]TJ 11.956 -15.904 Td [(Yet,)-237(although)-233(there)-234(is)-233(a)-234(very)-233(decided)-234(tendency)-233(to)-233(monotheism)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(in)-261(the)-261(Alexandrian)-261(religion,)-264(a)-261(tendency)-261(which)-260(appealed)-261(strongly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-286(minds)-285(like)-286(Plutarch,)-295(it)-285(did)-286(not)-286(succeed)-285(in)-286(altogether)-285(breaking)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-349(polytheism)-349(and)-349(its)-349(attendant)-349(superstitions.)-547(The)-349(attempted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alliance)-532(of)-532(religion)-532(and)-532(philosophy)-532(was)-532(far)-532(from)-532(complete.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Philosophy,)-215(indeed,)-216(had)-207(substituted)-206(abstract)-207(theory)-207(for)-207(the)-206(poetry)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-349(legend.)-546(It)-349(struggled)-348(hard)-349(to)-349(assert)-349(the)-348(essential)-349(unity)-349(of)-348(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Divine)-266(nature.)-298(And)-266(Plutarch,)-270(in)-266(his)-266(treatise)-266(on)-266(Isis,)-270(declares)-266(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(God)-302(is)-301(one)-302(and)-301(the)-302(same)-301(in)-302(all)-301(lands)-302(under)-301(whatever)-302(names)-301(He)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-275(be)-276(worshipped.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.72 3.959 Td [(2953)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.993 -3.959 Td [(But)-275(the)-276(treatise)-275(shows)-275(at)-275(the)-276(same)-275(time)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -181.468 0 Td [([573])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(how)-180(vague)-180(and)-179(unsettled)-180(still)-180(was)-179(the)-180(theology)-180(of)-180(Alexandria,)-193(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(how)-248(hard)-248(it)-247(found)-248(the)-248(task)-248(of)-247(wedding)-248(Platonism)-248(to)-248(the)-247(haunting)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tradition)-193(of)-193(old)-192(idolatry.)-231(Physics,)-204(metaphysics,)-205(etymology,)-204(are)-192(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(employed)-320(with)-320(infinite)-321(ingenuity)-320(to)-320(recover)-320(the)-320(secret)-320(meaning)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-367(it)-367(is)-367(assumed)-368(that)-367(ancient)-367(wisdom)-367(had)-367(veiled)-367(under)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forms)-268(of)-269(legend.)-305(But)-269(arbitrary)-268(fancy)-269(plays)-268(far)-269(too)-268(large)-269(a)-268(part)-268(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-185(random)-185(guesses,)-198(and)-185(system)-185(there)-185(is)-185(none,)-198(to)-185(bridge)-185(the)-185(gulf)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(between)-292(the)-292(Platonist)-292(eclectic)-293(and)-292(the)-292(superstitious)-292(masses.)-376(Isis)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.213 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.317 Td [(2951)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(On)-250(a)-250(Dacian)-250(inscription,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 89.896 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(1590,)-250(Placidae)-250(Reginae.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -127.509 -7.395 Td [(2952)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Baumgart,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.924 0 Td [(Ael.)-271(Aristides)-257(Repr\344sent.)-270(der)-257(Soph.)-271(Rhet.)-271(des)-257(zweit.)-270(Jahr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 208.139 0 Td [(p.)-271(91;)]TJ -260.019 -10.959 Td [(cf.)-250(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 40.331 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)-250(letter)-250(to)-250(Servianus,)-250(Vopisc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 105.346 0 Td [(Vit.)-250(Saturn.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.343 0 Td [(c.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -194.745 -7.394 Td [(2953)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(c.)-250(66,)-250(79.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3040 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3041 0 R /Resources 3039 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3038 0 R >> endobj 3042 0 obj << /D [3040 0 R /XYZ 237.357 231.287 null] >> endobj 3039 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3045 0 obj << /Length 6518 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(693)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(worship)-207(was)-208(in)-207(practice)-207(linked)-207(with)-208(all)-207(the)-207(reigning)-207(superstitions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-303(divination,)-316(magic,)-316(astrology,)-316(oneiromancy.)-409(Manetho,)-316(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-463(one)-463(of)-463(the)-463(founders)-463(of)-463(the)-463(worship)-463(of)-463(Serapis,)-516(wrote)-463(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treatise)-440(for)-440(the)-440(Greek)-441(world)-440(on)-440(the)-440(influence)-440(of)-440(the)-440(stars)-440(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(human)-355(destiny.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.808 3.959 Td [(2954)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.594 -3.959 Td [(Egyptian)-355(astrologists)-354(were)-355(always)-355(in)-355(great)]TJ -90.402 -13.549 Td [(demand.)-219(The)-155(emperors)-156(Otho)-155(and)-156(M.)-155(Aurelius)-156(carried)-155(them)-156(in)-155(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(train.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 22.724 3.959 Td [(2955)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.967 -3.959 Td [(Many)-336(Roman)-335(ladies)-336(in)-335(sickness)-336(would)-336(not)-335(take)-336(food)]TJ -44.691 -13.549 Td [(or)-251(medicine)-250(till)-251(the)-251(safe)-250(hour)-251(had)-251(been)-250(determined)-251(by)-250(inspecting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-281(Petosiris.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.701 3.958 Td [(2956)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.166 -3.958 Td [(The)-281(Isiac)-280(devotee)-281(was)-280(an)-281(enthusiastic)-280(believer)]TJ -76.867 -13.55 Td [(in)-248(dreams)-247(sent)-247(by)-248(his)-247(favourite)-248(deities.)-249(On)-248(many)-247(inscriptions)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(record)-370(may)-370(be)-369(read)-370(of)-370(these)-369(warnings)-370(of)-370(the)-370(night.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 231.094 3.959 Td [(2957)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.085 -3.959 Td [(In)-370(the)]TJ -254.179 -13.549 Td [(syncretism)-367(of)-367(the)-367(time,)-396(Serapis)-367(came)-367(to)-367(be)-367(identified)-367(with)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-263(god)-262(of)-263(healing,)-266(and)-262(patients)-263(sleeping)-262(in)-263(Egyptian)-262(temples)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(received)-282(in)-282(dreams)-281(inspired)-282(prescriptions)-282(for)-282(their)-282(maladies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2958)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Sometimes)-251(the)-251(deity)-250(vouchsafed)-251(to)-251(confer)-251(miraculous)-251(powers)-250(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cure)-206(on)-207(a)-206(worshipper.)-235(The)-207(sceptical)-206(good)-206(sense)-207(of)-206(Vespasian)-206(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(persuaded)-262(by)-262(medical)-262(courtiers)-262(at)-262(Alexandria)-262(to)-262(try)-262(the)-262(effect)-262(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-285(touch)-285(on)-285(the)-285(blind)-284(and)-285(paralytic,)-294(who)-285(had)-285(a)-285(divine)-284(monition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-234(seek)-234(the)-234(aid)-234(of)-234(the)-233(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 131.339 3.958 Td [(2959)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.107 -3.958 Td [(The)-234(cultivated)-234(Aristides)-234(had)-234(a)]TJ -150.446 -13.55 Td [(firm)-281(faith)-281(in)-281(these)-281(heaven-sent)-281(messages.)-343(He)-281(even)-281(believed)-281(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Serapis)-250(could)-250(call)-250(back)-250(the)-250(dead)-250(to)-250(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.48 3.959 Td [(2960)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -159.524 -18.114 Td [(Yet)-212(Aristides,)-220(in)-213(his)-212(prose)-213(hymn)-212(to)-212(Serapis,)-220(gives)-213(us)-212(a)-212(glimpse)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-177(the)-176(better)-177(side)-176(of)-177(that)-176(religion.)-226(After)-176(all,)-191(the)-177(superstitions)-176(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(clustered)-231(round)-231(it)-231(were)-231(the)-231(universal)-231(beliefs)-231(of)-232(the)-231(age,)-234(prevalent)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([574])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(among)-296(the)-296(most)-295(cultivated)-296(and)-296(the)-296(most)-295(ignorant.)-388(The)-295(question)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-362(the)-362(modern)-362(student)-362(is)-362(whether)-362(these)-362(Alexandrian)-361(worships)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(provided)-402(real)-403(spiritual)-402(sustenance)-403(for)-402(their)-403(devotees.)-707(And,)-440(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.942 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 148.046 Td [(2954)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(101.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(2955)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.598 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.988 0 Td [(i.)-437(23;)-343(D.)-312(Cass.)-437(lxxi.)-437(8,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 87.57 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.436 0 Td [(\263\254\301)-312(\304\277\271)-312(\273\314\263\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.189 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.765 0 Td [(\307\265\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.56 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.998 0 Td [(\301\275\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.297 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\306\271\275)-312(\304\271\275\261)]TJ -249.182 -10.959 Td [(\274\254\263\277\275)-250(\221)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.387 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\263\315\300\304\271\277\275)-250(\303\305\275\314\275\304\261)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 68.314 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\234\254\301\272)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.793 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -155.069 -7.394 Td [(2956)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(581.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(2957)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(1882,)-250(ex)-250(visu;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 52.803 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(346,)-250(572;)-250(v.)-250(484.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -104.861 -7.394 Td [(2958)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cic.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 16.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Div.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.127 0 Td [(i.)-250(58,)-250(132;)-250(Diod.)-250(i.)-250(25;)-250(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 111.094 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Sacr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(iii.)-250(p.)-250(319)-250(\050Jebb\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -208.216 -7.394 Td [(2959)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Hist.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.43 0 Td [(iv.)-250(81,)-250(monitu)-250(Serapidis,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(2960)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(104;)-250(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 85.916 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Sacr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(viii.)-250(55.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3044 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3045 0 R /Resources 3043 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3038 0 R >> endobj 3046 0 obj << /D [3044 0 R /XYZ 207.314 205.938 null] >> endobj 3043 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3049 0 obj << /Length 4805 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(694)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(spite)-257(of)-257(many)-257(appearances)-256(to)-257(the)-257(contrary,)-259(the)-257(impartial)-256(inquirer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-230(come)-230(to)-230(the)-231(conclusion)-230(that)-230(the)-230(cult)-230(of)-230(the)-230(Egyptian)-230(deities,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-192(its)-193(inner)-192(monotheism,)-204(its)-192(ideal)-193(of)-192(ascetic)-192(purity,)-204(its)-192(vision)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-233(a)-232(great)-233(judgment)-232(and)-233(a)-232(life)-233(to)-233(come,)-236(was)-232(a)-233(real)-232(advance)-233(on)-232(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(popular)-226(religion)-227(of)-226(old)-227(Greece)-226(and)-226(Rome.)-243(Isis)-226(and)-226(Serapis,)-231(along)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-311(Mithra,)-326(were)-311(preparing)-311(the)-311(Western)-311(world)-311(for)-311(the)-310(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-374(was)-375(to)-374(appease)-374(the)-375(long)-374(travail)-374(of)-375(humanity)-374(by)-374(a)-374(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perfect)-306(vision)-306(of)-306(the)-306(Divine.)-418(It)-306(is)-306(impossible)-306(for)-306(a)-306(modern)-305(man)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-339(realise)-340(the)-339(emotion)-339(which)-339(might)-339(be)-340(excited)-339(by)-339(a)-339(symbolism)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(like)-295(that)-295(of)-294(Demeter,)-306(or)-295(Mithra,)-306(or)-295(Isis,)-306(with)-294(its)-295(roots)-295(in)-295(a)-294(gross)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heathen)-216(past.)-238(But)-216(no)-216(reader)-215(of)-216(Apuleius,)-222(Plutarch,)-223(or)-215(Philostratus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-509(fail)-509(to)-508(realise)-509(the)-509(surging)-509(spiritual)-508(energy)-509(which,)-573(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(second)-335(and)-335(third)-335(centuries,)-356(was)-335(seeking)-335(for)-335(expression)-334(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(appeasement.)-240(It)-220(struck)-220(into)-221(strange)-220(devious)-220(tracks,)-226(and)-220(often)-220(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deluded)-170(by)-170(phantasms)-170(of)-169(old)-170(superstition)-170(glorified)-170(by)-170(a)-170(new)-169(spirit.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But)-383(let)-384(us)-383(remember)-384(the)-383(enduring)-383(strength)-384(of)-383(hereditary)-383(piety)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-413(ancient)-412(association,)-454(and,)-453(under)-413(its)-412(influence,)-454(the)-412(magical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(skill)-266(of)-266(the)-266(religious)-265(consciousness)-266(to)-266(maintain)-266(the)-266(link)-265(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(widely)-181(severed)-182(generations,)-195(by)-181(purifying)-181(the)-182(grossness)-181(of)-181(the)-181(past)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-366(transforming)-366(things)-366(absurd)-366(and)-366(offensive)-366(into)-366(consecrated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vehicles)-368(of)-369(high)-368(spiritual)-368(sentiment.)-605(No)-369(one,)-397(who)-369(has)-368(read)-368(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Apuleius)-208(the)-208(initiation)-208(of)-208(Lucius)-208(in)-207(the)-208(Isiac)-208(mysteries,)-217(can)-207(doubt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-304(the)-304(effect)-303(on)-304(the)-304(votary)-304(was)-304(profound)-303(and)-304(elevating.)-411(Pious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(artistic)-209(skill)-208(was)-209(not)-208(wanting)-209(to)-208(heighten)-209(emotion)-208(in)-209(Isis)-208(worship,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(as)-327(it)-328(is)-327(not)-327(disdained)-327(in)-328(our)-327(Christian)-327(churches.)-482(But)-327(the)-327(prayer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-335(thanksgiving)-336(offered)-335(by)-335(Lucius)-336(might,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 187.925 0 Td [(mutatis)-335(mutandis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 75.789 0 Td [(,)-357(be)]TJ -263.714 -13.549 Td [(uttered)-246(by)-245(a)-246(new)-246(convert)-245(at)-246(a)-246(camp-meeting,)-246(or)-246(a)-246(Breton)-245(peasant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-410(her)-410(first)-411(communion.)-730(It)-410(is)-411(the)-410(devout)-410(expression)-410(of)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(deep)-205(elementary)-204(religious)-205(feelings)-204(of)-205(awe)-204(and)-205(gratitude,)-213(humility)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-342(joy,)-364(boundless)-341(hope)-342(and)-341(trust.)-525(In)-341(the)-342(same)-341(tone,)-364(Aristides)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sings)-260(his)-261(prose)-260(canticle)-260(to)-261(Serapis.)-281(There)-260(is)-260(not)-261(a)-260(memory)-260(of)-260(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(brute)-345(gods)-344(of)-345(the)-344(Nile.)-533(The)-345(Alexandrian)-344(god)-345(is)-344(now)-345(the)-344(equal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-291(counterpart)-291(of)-290(Zeus,)-301(the)-291(lord)-291(of)-290(life)-291(and)-291(death,)-301(who)-291(cares)-290(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mortal)-187(men,)-200(who)-187(comforts,)-199(relieves,)-200(sustains.)-229(He)-187(is)-187(indeed)-187(a)-186(most)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([575])]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3048 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3049 0 R /Resources 3047 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3038 0 R >> endobj 3050 0 obj << /D [3048 0 R /XYZ 314.949 71.052 null] >> endobj 3047 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3053 0 obj << /Length 6786 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(695)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(awful)-394(power,)-429(yet)-394(one)-393(full)-394(of)-393(loving-kindness,)-430(tenderness,)-429(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mercy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.99 3.959 Td [(2961)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.494 -3.959 Td [(In)-291(Plutarch)-290(we)-291(reach)-290(perhaps)-291(an)-291(even)-290(more)-291(spiritual)]TJ -50.484 -13.549 Td [(height.)-618(Osiris,)-403(who)-373(in)-373(old)-372(legend)-373(represented)-373(the)-372(Nile,)-404(or)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(coarse)-238(fructifying)-239(powers)-238(of)-238(nature,)-241(passes)-238(into)-239(the)-238(Eternal)-238(Love)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-225(Beaut)1(y,)-230(pure,)-230(passionless,)-229(remote)-225(from)-224(any)-225(region)-224(of)-224(change)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-325(death,)-344(unapproachable)-325(in)-324(His)-325(ethereal)-325(splendour,)-344(save,)-344(as)-324(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moments)-295(of)-295(inspired)-294(musing,)-306(we)-295(may)-295(faintly)-294(touch)-295(Him)-295(as)-295(in)-294(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dream.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(In)-283(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 28.59 0 Td [(Metamorphoses)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.774 0 Td [(of)-283(Apuleius,)-291(the)-283(goddess)-283(who)-283(appears)]TJ -113.319 -13.55 Td [(in)-359(a)-359(vision)-359(to)-359(Lucius)-359(promises)-359(that,)-386(when)-359(his)-359(mortal)-358(course)-359(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(run,)-347(he)-328(shall)-328(find)-328(her)-328(illumining)-328(the)-328(Stygian)-328(gloom.)-484(And,)-347(next)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-384(the)-384(maternal)-384(love)-384(with)-384(which)-384(she)-384(embraced)-384(her)-384(votaries)-384(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-398(life,)-435(the)-398(great)-398(attraction)-398(of)-398(her)-398(cult)-398(was)-398(the)-397(promise)-398(of)-398(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blessed)-251(future,)-252(through)-251(sacramental)-251(grace,)-252(which)-251(she)-251(offered)-251(for)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-378(world)-378(to)-378(come.)-633(Serapis,)-410(too,)-410(is)-378(from)-378(the)-378(beginning)-377(a)-378(god)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-307(the)-307(under)-307(world,)-322(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 97.185 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(guide)-307(of)-307(souls,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 65.184 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.193 0 Td [(as)-307(he)-307(is)-307(also)-307(their)-307(judge)]TJ -175.406 -13.549 Td [(at)-363(the)-364(Great)-363(Assize.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 89.141 3.959 Td [(2962)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.878 -3.959 Td [(The)-363(Orphic)-364(lore,)-392(the)-363(mysteries)-364(of)-363(the)]TJ -112.019 -13.549 Td [(Eleusinian)-341(goddesses)-340(and)-341(Dionysus,)-363(had)-341(for)-340(ages)-341(taught)-341(a)-340(dim)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrine)-388(of)-388(immortality,)-422(under)-388(the)-388(veil)-388(of)-388(legend,)-422(through)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(scenic)-376(effects)-376(of)-376(their)-376(dramatic)-376(mysteries.)-627(They)-376(first)-376(revealed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-423(the)-422(Greek)-423(race)-422(that)-423(the)-422(life)-423(to)-422(come)-423(was)-423(the)-422(true)-423(life,)-465(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-465(the)-464(present)-465(was)-465(only)-464(a)-465(purgatorial)-464(preparation.)-894(They)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taught,)-227(in)-222(whatever)-222(rude)-221(fashion,)-228(that)-221(future)-222(beatitude)-222(could)-221(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-396(secured)-396(by)-395(a)-396(purification)-396(from)-396(the)-396(stains)-395(of)-396(time.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.728 3.959 Td [(2963)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.938 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(doctrine)-208(may)-209(have)-208(been)-208(drawn)-208(from)-209(Egypt,)-216(and)-209(Egypt)-208(once)-208(more)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gave)-251(it)-251(fresh)-251(meaning)-250(and)-251(force.)-253(The)-251(Alexandrian)-251(worship)-250(came)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-270(a)-269(deeper)-270(faith)-270(and)-269(more)-270(impressive)-270(ritual,)-274(with)-270(dreams)-269(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monitory)-259(visions,)-262(with)-259(a)-260(mystic)-259(lore,)-261(and)-260(the)-259(ascetic)-259(preparation)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 142.838 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.026 Td [(2961)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.218 0 Td [(Or.)-342(Sacr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.466 0 Td [(viii.)-342(54,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 31.065 0 Td [(\306\271\273\261\275\270\301\311\300\314\304\261\304\277\302)-281(\263)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 73.881 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\301)-281(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.043 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-281(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.344 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.153 0 Td [(\306\277\262\265\301\316\304\261\304\277\302)]TJ -231.109 -10.959 Td [(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\314\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.979 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -41.618 -7.311 Td [(2962)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.848 0 Td [(viii.)-884(54,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 37.951 0 Td [(\303\311\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.418 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\301)-461(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.129 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-461(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.074 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.774 0 Td [(\310\305\307\277\300\277\274\300\314\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.141 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.379 0 Td [(\004)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\263\311\275)-461(\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.985 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)-461(\306)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.514 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-461(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.074 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.773 0 Td [(\300\254\273\271\275)]TJ -259.289 -10.959 Td [(\264\265\307\314\274\265\275\277\302)-250(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.556 0 Td [(.;)-250(Plew,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(De)-250(Sarapide)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 45.074 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(30.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -130.761 -7.31 Td [(2963)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.383 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.393 0 Td [(,)-305(ii.)-381(p.)-381(126;)-315(cf.)-381(i.)-381(286;)-315(Lobeck,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 115.936 0 Td [(Aglaoph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.261 0 Td [(i.)-381(p.)-381(239;)-315(Hardie,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -216.928 -10.959 Td [(Lectures)-245(on)-244(Classical)-245(Subjects)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 109.692 0 Td [(,)-246(pp.)-248(56,)-246(57.)-248(The)-244(Orphici)-245(laid)-245(more)-244(stress)-245(on)-244(the)]TJ -109.692 -10.959 Td [(moral)-250(aspect)-250(of)-250(immortality)-250(than)-250(the)-250(priests)-250(of)-250(Eleusis)-250(did.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3052 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3053 0 R /Resources 3051 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3038 0 R >> endobj 3051 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3056 0 obj << /Length 6237 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(696)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(for)-207(the)-207(holy)-207(mysteries,)-215(with)-207(the)-207(final)-207(scene)-207(in)-207(the)-207(inner)-206(sanctuary,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(when)-223(the)-223(votary)-223(seemed)-223(borne)-223(far)-223(beyond)-223(the)-223(limits)-223(of)-223(space)-222(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time)-364(into)-363(ethereal)-364(distances.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 125.517 3.959 Td [(2964)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.883 -3.959 Td [(The)-364(soul)-363(might,)-392(indeed,)-392(have)]TJ -148.4 -13.549 Td [(to)-312(pass)-312(through)-311(many)-312(bodies)-312(and)-311(mortal)-312(lives)-312(before)-312(it)-311(reached)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-383(life)-382(eternal.)-647(But)-383(the)-382(motto)-383(of)-382(the)-383(Isiac)-382(faith,)-416(inscribed)-382(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-337(tombs,)-358(was)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 81.859 0 Td [(\265)]TJ/F27 10.9091 Tf 4.582 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 5.53 0 Td [(\310\315\307\265\271)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.822 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 6.637 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(be)-337(of)-336(good)-337(courage,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.477 0 Td [(\035)-337(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.36 0 Td [(may)-337(Osiris)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -304.866 0 Td [([576])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(give)-257(the)-257(water)-257(of)-257(refreshment.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.476 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(2965)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.242 -3.959 Td [(Everywhere)-257(the)-257(lotus,)-259(image)]TJ -155.561 -13.549 Td [(of)-356(immortality,)-383(in)-357(its)-356(calix)-356(opening)-357(at)-356(every)-356(dawn,)-383(appears)-356(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(symbols)-431(of)-431(the)-430(worship.)-793(And)-430(Harpocrates,)-476(the)-431(god)-431(who)-430(has)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(triumphed)-473(over)-473(death,)-528(appears)-473(as)-473(the)-473(child)-473(issuing)-473(from)-472(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mystic)-336(flower.)-510(The)-336(Roman)-336(practice)-337(of)-336(burning)-337(the)-336(dead)-336(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seem)-373(to)-374(separate)-373(for)-374(ever)-373(the)-373(fate)-374(of)-373(the)-373(body)-374(from)-373(the)-373(spirit,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-232(it)-232(is)-232(really)-232(a)-231(question)-232(of)-232(more)-232(or)-232(less)-232(rapid)-232(resolution)-231(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-229(mortal)-228(frame)-229(into)-229(its)-228(original)-229(elements.)-243(But,)-233(as)-228(we)-229(have)-228(seen,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-406(man)-407(of)-406(the)-406(early)-407(Empire)-406(became)-406(more)-407(and)-406(more)-406(anxious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-487(preserve)-487(undisturbed)-487(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.533 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(handful)-487(of)-487(white)-487(dust)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.78 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.157 0 Td [(rescued)]TJ -247.314 -13.549 Td [(from)-369(the)-369(pyre,)-399(and)-369(would)-369(invoke)-369(the)-369(wrath)-369(of)-369(Isis)-369(against)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(desecrator.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.553 3.959 Td [(2966)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.913 -3.959 Td [(The)-303(great)-304(object)-303(of)-303(many)-304(of)-303(the)-304(colleges)-303(was)-303(to)]TJ -68.466 -13.549 Td [(secure)-311(their)-311(humble)-312(members)-311(a)-311(niche)-311(in)-312(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 198.03 0 Td [(columbarium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 58.178 0 Td [(.)-434(The)]TJ -256.208 -13.549 Td [(Alexandrine)-194(faith)-194(in)-194(immortality,)-205(by)-194(the)-194(grace)-194(of)-194(Isis)-194(and)-193(Serapis,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(probably)-395(did)-395(not)-395(inquire)-394(too)-395(curiously)-395(into)-395(the)-395(manner)-395(of)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(resurrection.)]TJ 11.955 -15.902 Td [(Undoubtedly)-280(another)-281(secret)-280(of)-281(the)-280(popularity)-281(of)-280(the)-281(Egyptian)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(worships)-395(lay)-394(in)-395(their)-395(impressive)-394(ritual,)-431(the)-395(separation)-395(of)-394(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(clergy)-330(from)-329(the)-330(world,)-349(and)-329(in)-330(the)-329(comradeship)-330(of)-329(the)-330(guilds)-329(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-323(their)-323(votaries)-323(were)-323(enrolled.)-470(Apuleius)-323(has)-323(left)-323(us,)-341(in)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(initiation)-245(of)-245(Lucius)-245(at)-245(Cenchreae,)-246(and)-245(again)-245(at)-245(Rome,)-246(a)-244(priceless)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(picture)-281(of)-280(the)-281(Isiac)-281(rit)1(ual.)-342(Everything)-281(in)-281(the)-280(ceremonial)-281(tends)-280(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(kindle)-275(pious)-276(enthusiasm.)-326(Sophocles)-275(and)-275(Pindar)-276(had)-275(extolled)-275(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blessedness)-366(of)-366(those)-366(who)-366(had)-366(seen)-366(the)-366(mystic)-366(vision.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.706 3.959 Td [(2967)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.96 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.394 Td [(2964)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.536 -7.395 Td [(2965)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.G.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.239 0 Td [(6562,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 22.282 0 Td [(\264\277\257\267)-231(\303\277\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 31.721 0 Td [(A)-231(L)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 14.152 0 Td [(\303\271\301\271\302)-231(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 23.432 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.54 0 Td [(\310\305\307\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 19.107 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.621 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\264\311\301)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.857 0 Td [(:)-241(cf.)-243(Plew,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.327 0 Td [(De)-231(Sarap.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 38.267 0 Td [(p.)-244(31.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -263.251 -7.31 Td [(2966)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(1879.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -29.139 -7.311 Td [(2967)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Pind.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.927 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(137)-250(\050Christ\051;)-250(Soph.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.238 0 Td [(Fr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(753)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 13.45 0 Td [(\024)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3055 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3056 0 R /Resources 3054 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3038 0 R >> endobj 3057 0 obj << /D [3055 0 R /XYZ 320.809 450.429 null] >> endobj 3054 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3060 0 obj << /Length 5856 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(697)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(experience)-212(of)-212(Lucius)-211(would)-212(seem)-212(to)-211(confirm)-212(the)-212(testimony)-212(of)-211(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-337(poets.)-510(When)-337(the)-337(goddess)-337(has)-337(promised)-337(him)-336(deliverance)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-216(brutish)-216(form,)-222(and)-216(pledged)-216(him)-216(to)-215(strict)-216(obedience,)-223(Lucius)-215(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inspired)-246(with)-245(the)-246(utmost)-245(ardour)-246(to)-245(join)-245(in)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 181.429 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)-246(holy)-245(warfare.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 74.116 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.522 0 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.55 Td [(takes)-225(up)-224(his)-225(abode)-225(in)-225(the)-224(sacred)-225(precincts,)-230(he)-224(begs)-225(to)-225(be)-224(admitted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-382(full)-381(communion.)-645(But)-382(the)-382(venerable)-381(pontiff)-382(requires)-382(him)-381(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(await)-255(the)-254(sign)-255(of)-254(the)-255(divine)-254(will.)-264(Lucius)-255(continues)-254(in)-255(fasting)-254(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prayer)-235(till)-235(the)-235(sign)-235(at)-235(last)-235(comes;)-240(when)-235(it)-235(comes)-235(he)-235(hastens)-235(to)-235(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(morning)-278(sacrifice.)-333(The)-278(scrolls,)-284(covered)-278(with)-278(symbols)-278(of)-277(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Egypt,)-337(are)-319(brought)-319(in,)-337(and)-319(then,)-336(before)-320(a)-319(crowd)-319(of)-319(the)-319(faithful,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-395(is)-395(plunged)-395(in)-395(the)-395(sacred)-395(font.)-685(Returning)-395(to)-395(the)-395(temple,)-431(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-350(lies)-349(prostrate)-350(before)-349(the)-350(image)-349(of)-350(the)-349(goddess)-350(in)-349(prayer,)-374(he)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([577])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(has)-356(whispered)-355(to)-356(him)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.362 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(the)-356(unutterable)-355(words.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 99.561 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.724 0 Td [(Ten)-356(days)-355(more)]TJ -213.491 -13.549 Td [(are)-421(spent)-420(in)-421(strictest)-421(retreat)-421(and)-420(abstinence)-421(from)-421(pleasures)-420(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-331(flesh;)-371(and)-331(then)-331(came)-330(the)-331(crowning)-331(rite,)-351(the)-331(solemn)-331(vigil)-330(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-403(inner)-403(sanctuary.)-708(There,)-441(as)-403(at)-403(Eleusis,)-441(a)-403(vivid)-403(drama)-403(of)-402(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divine)-232(death)-232(and)-232(resurrection)-232(probably)-232(passed)-232(before)-232(his)-232(eyes,)-235(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flashing)-214(radiance)-213(and)-214(awful)-214(visions,)-221(amid)-214(gloom)-213(and)-214(the)-214(tones)-213(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(weird)-272(music.)-318(But)-272(the)-272(tale)-273(of)-272(what)-273(he)-272(saw)-272(and)-273(heard)-272(could)-272(never)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-250(fully)-250(unfolded)-250(to)-250(mortal)-250(ear.)]TJ 11.956 -15.131 Td [(There)-465(indeed)-466(are)-465(some)-465(sordid)-465(and)-466(suspicious)-465(traits)-465(in)-465(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(history)-347(of)-347(this)-347(worship.)-541(As)-347(in)-347(the)-347(case)-347(of)-347(the)-347(taurobolium,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(2968)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(the)-268(mysteries)-268(of)-268(Isis)-269(and)-268(Serapis)-268(could)-268(not)-268(be)-268(enjoyed)-268(without)-268(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(considerable)-348(outlay.)-543(And)-348(Lucius)-347(found)-348(a)-348(difficulty)-348(in)-347(meeting)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-352(expense.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.036 3.959 Td [(2969)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.5 -3.959 Td [(But,)-377(whether)-352(in)-352(heathendom)-352(or)-352(Christendom,)]TJ -77.536 -13.549 Td [(a)-279(regular)-278(priesthood)-279(and)-279(an)-279(elaborate)-278(ritual)-279(cannot)-279(be)-278(supported)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(without)-332(the)-331(offerings)-332(of)-331(the)-332(fai)1(thful.)-495(There)-331(has)-332(probably)-331(never)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 152.652 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F27 8.9664 Tf 100.57 143.03 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.042 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\273\262\271\277\271)]TJ -78.151 -10.959 Td [(\272\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.339 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\277\271)-250(\262\301\277\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 30.961 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-250(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.253 0 Td [(3)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.878 0 Td [(\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.562 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\261)-250(\264\265\301\307\255\275\270\265\302)-250(\304\255\273\267)]TJ -77.451 -10.959 Td [(\274\314\273\311\303)]TJ/F21 8.9664 Tf 24.595 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.227 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.9 0 Td [(\015)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.218 0 Td [(\271\264\277\305)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(.)]TJ -71.614 -21.772 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(O.C.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.179 0 Td [(1051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -35.368 -7.31 Td [(2968)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(4321,)-250(ex)-250(stipe)-250(collata.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(2969)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.959 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 19.941 0 Td [(xi.)-757(c.)-756(28)-419(\050813\051,)-461(veste)-419(ipsa)-419(mea)-419(quamvis)-419(parvula)-419(distracta)]TJ -58.855 -10.959 Td [(sufficientem)-250(corrasi)-250(summulum;)-250(cf.)-250(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 159.135 0 Td [(Apol.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.42 0 Td [(13.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3059 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3060 0 R /Resources 3058 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3062 0 R >> endobj 3061 0 obj << /D [3059 0 R /XYZ 121.832 369.134 null] >> endobj 3058 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3065 0 obj << /Length 5242 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(698)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(been)-420(a)-420(religion)-420(in)-419(which)-420(the)-420(charge)-420(of)-420(venality)-420(has)-420(not)-419(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(levelled)-266(against)-265(the)-266(priests.)-296(But)-265(Lucius)-266(finds)-265(here)-266(no)-265(stumbling-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(block.)-676(No)-393(material)-392(offering)-392(can)-392(repay)-392(the)-392(goodness)-392(and)-392(love)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-401(the)-401(goddess.)-704(He)-401(feels)-401(towards)-402(her)-401(not)-401(only)-401(reverence)-401(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gratitude,)-463(but)-420(the)-420(love)-420(of)-421(a)-420(son)-420(to)-420(a)-421(Divine)-420(mother.)-760(Ascetic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(isolation)-320(has)-320(produced)-321(the)-320(natural)-320(result)-320(of)-320(imaginative)-320(ecstasy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-381(mystic)-382(exaltation.)-643(The)-381(long,)-415(quiet)-381(hours)-381(of)-381(rapt)-381(devotion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-246(the)-245(sacred)-246(figure)-245(in)-246(the)-246(stillness)-245(of)-246(the)-245(shrine,)-247(the)-245(spectral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(visions)-467(of)-467(the)-467(supreme)-467(hour)-467(of)-466(revelation,)-522(made)-467(a)-466(profound)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(impression)-295(on)-295(a)-295(soul)-294(which)-295(was)-295(deeply)-295(tainted)-295(by)-295(other)-294(visions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(old-world)-250(sin.)]TJ 11.956 -16.007 Td [(The)-306(daily)-307(ritual)-306(of)-306(Isis,)-321(which)-306(seems)-306(to)-307(have)-306(been)-306(as)-306(regular)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(and)-413(complicated)-413(as)-413(that)-412(of)-413(the)-413(Catholic)-413(Church,)-454(produced)-412(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immense)-468(effect)-468(on)-468(the)-467(Roman)-468(mind.)-904(Every)-468(day)-468(there)-467(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(two)-254(solemn)-254(offices,)-254(at)-254(which)-254(white-robed,)-255(tonsured)-254(priests,)-254(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(acolytes)-505(and)-506(assistants)-505(of)-506(every)-505(degree,)-569(officiated.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.142 3.959 Td [(2970)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.524 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.549 Td [(morning)-426(litany)-426(and)-425(sacrifice)-426(was)-426(an)-425(impressive)-426(service.)-777(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crowd)-378(of)-377(worshippers)-378(thronged)-377(the)-378(space)-378(before)-377(the)-378(chapel)-377(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-364(early)-364(dawn.)-592(The)-364(priest,)-392(ascending)-364(by)-364(a)-364(hidden)-364(stair,)-392(drew)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(apart)-255(the)-255(veil)-255(of)-255(the)-255(sanctuary,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.362 3.959 Td [(2971)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.234 -3.959 Td [(and)-255(offered)-255(the)-255(holy)-255(image)-255(to)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -224.351 0 Td [([578])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(their)-226(adoration.)-242(He)-226(then)-226(made)-226(the)-226(round)-226(of)-226(the)-227(altars,)-230(reciting)-226(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(litany,)-397(and)-368(sprinkling)-368(the)-368(holy)-367(water)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 168.928 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(from)-368(the)-368(secret)-367(spring.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 102.014 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(At)-309(two)-309(o)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.464 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(clock)-309(in)-309(the)-308(afternoon)-309(the)-309(passers)-309(by)-308(could)-309(hear)-309(from)]TJ -43.097 -13.549 Td [(the)-349(temple)-350(in)-349(the)-350(Campus)-349(Martius)-349(the)-350(chant)-349(of)-349(vespers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 250.336 3.958 Td [(2972)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.418 -3.958 Td [(A)]TJ -272.754 -13.55 Td [(fresco)-466(of)-466(Herculaneum)-466(gives)-466(us)-466(a)-466(picture)-466(of)-466(the)-466(service.)-898(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-383(the)-384(adoration)-383(of)-383(the)-384(holy)-383(water,)-417(representing)-383(in)-383(symbol)-383(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fructifying)-424(and)-424(deathless)-424(power)-424(of)-424(Osiris.)-772(A)-424(priest,)-467(standing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-419(the)-419(holy)-418(place,)-461(raises)-419(breast)-419(high)-418(a)-419(sacred)-419(urn)-419(for)-418(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adoration)-362(of)-361(the)-362(crowd.)-585(The)-362(sacrifice)-362(is)-361(smoking)-362(on)-362(the)-361(altar,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-217(two)-218(choirs)-217(are)-217(chanting)-218(to)-217(the)-217(accompaniment)-218(of)-217(the)-217(seistron)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.962 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.149 Td [(2970)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tibull.)-274(i.)-273(3,)-260(31,)-260(bisque)-258(die,)-259(resoluta)-258(comas,)-260(tibi)-258(dicere)-258(laudes)-258(Insignis)-258(turba)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(debeat)-250(in)-250(Pharia.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(2971)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(20)-250(\050795\051,)-250(velis)-250(candentibus)-250(reductis.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.536 -7.311 Td [(2972)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(x.)-250(48,)-250(1,)-250(nunciat)-250(octavam)-250(Phariae)-250(sua)-250(turba)-250(juvencae.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3064 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3065 0 R /Resources 3063 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3062 0 R >> endobj 3066 0 obj << /D [3064 0 R /XYZ 365.686 258.282 null] >> endobj 3063 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3069 0 obj << /Length 6184 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(699)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-417(the)-417(flut)1(e.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 60.9 3.959 Td [(2973)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.622 -3.959 Td [(Another)-417(fresco)-416(from)-417(Herculaneum)-417(exhibits)]TJ -85.522 -13.549 Td [(a)-365(bearded,)-393(dark-skinned)-365(figure,)-393(crowned)-365(with)-365(the)-364(lotus,)-394(in)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attitude)-278(of)-279(dancing)-278(before)-279(a)-278(throng)-278(of)-279(spectators)-278(to)-279(the)-278(sound)-278(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(music.)-231(It)-195(is)-194(plausibly)-194(conjectured)-194(that)-194(we)-194(have)-194(here)-194(a)-194(pantomimic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(representation)-355(of)-355(the)-354(passion)-355(of)-355(Osiris)-354(and)-355(its)-355(joyful)-355(close.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2974)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(There)-295(was)-295(much)-295(solemn)-295(pomp)-295(and)-295(striking)-295(scenic)-295(effect)-295(in)-295(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(public)-171(ceremonial.)-224(But)-172(it)-171(is)-172(clear)-171(from)-171(Apuleius,)-188(that)-171(an)-171(important)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(part)-251(of)-250(worship)-251(was)-250(also)-251(long)-250(silent)-251(meditation)-250(before)-251(the)-250(image)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-309(the)-308(goddess.)-426(The)-308(poets)-309(speak)-308(of)-309(devotees)-308(seated)-309(thus)-308(before)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-321(altar,)-338(and)-321(in)-321(the)-321(temple)-321(at)-320(Pompeii)-321(a)-321(bench)-321(has)-321(been)-320(found)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which,)-342(from)-323(its)-324(position,)-342(was)-323(probably)-324(occupied)-323(by)-324(such)-323(silent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worshippers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.051 3.959 Td [(2975)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -44.095 -18.495 Td [(The)-268(great)-268(festivals)-267(of)-268(the)-268(Egyptian)-268(worship)-268(were)-268(the)-267(blessing)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-258(the)-257(sacred)-258(vessel)-257(on)-258(the)-257(fifth)-258(of)-257(March,)-260(and)-257(the)-258(celebration)-257(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-352(quest)-351(and)-352(finding)-351(of)-352(Osiris)-352(in)-351(November.)-555(The)-351(anniversary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-260(the)-260(death)-259(and)-260(rising)-260(again)-260(of)-260(the)-259(god)-260(was)-260(strictly)-260(observed)-259(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(large)-338(numbers,)-359(especially)-338(among)-338(women.)-513(Pagan)-338(and)-337(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(writers)-263(have)-264(alike)-263(ridiculed)-264(the)-263(theatrical)-263(grief)-264(and)-263(joy)-264(for)-263(a)-263(god)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(so)-235(often)-235(found,)-238(so)-235(often)-234(lost.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.746 3.958 Td [(2976)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.111 -3.958 Td [(The)-235(death)-235(of)-235(Osiris)-234(at)-235(the)-235(hands)]TJ -142.857 -13.55 Td [(of)-263(Typhon,)-265(the)-263(rending)-262(of)-263(the)-263(divine)-262(form,)-266(and)-262(the)-263(dispersion)-262(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-320(lacerated)-320(remains,)-337(were)-320(passionately)-320(lamented)-320(in)-320(sympathy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-382(the)-382(mourning)-382(Isis.)-645(With)-382(effusive)-382(grief)-382(the)-382(devotees)-381(beat)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-449(breasts)-449(and)-450(lacerated)-449(their)-449(arms,)-499(and)-449(followed)-449(in)-449(eager)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(search.)-803(When)-434(on)-435(the)-434(third)-434(day)-435(the)-434(god)-434(had)-435(been)-434(found)-434(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([579])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(restored,)-302(the)-291(joyful)-291(event)-291(was)-292(hailed)-291(with)-291(extravagant)-291(gladness,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-315(celebrated)-314(by)-315(a)-315(banquet)-314(of)-315(the)-315(initiated.)-444(For)-314(some)-315(of)-314(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(holy)-402(days)-402(the)-402(rubrics)-402(prescribed)-402(a)-402(long)-402(preparation)-402(of)-402(fasting)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.042 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.229 Td [(2973)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(171,)-250(172.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.498 -7.31 Td [(2974)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(115;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.524 0 Td [(Catal.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(No.)-250(222.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -95.634 -7.395 Td [(2975)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)-289(p.)-345(171;)-297(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 72.956 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.709 0 Td [(xi.)-345(c.)-344(17)-282(\050791\051,)-289(intuitans)-281(deae)-282(specimen)-281(pristinos)]TJ -103.62 -10.959 Td [(casus)-250(meos)-250(recordabar;)-250(Mart.)-250(ii.)-250(14,)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.31 Td [(2976)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-216(p.)-235(126;)-222(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.641 0 Td [(De)-207(Is.)-236(et)-207(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.513 0 Td [(c.)-236(39,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.479 0 Td [(\264\271)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.931 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.322 0 Td [(\274\267\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 14.167 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 5.515 0 Td [(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.998 0 Td [(\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.474 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 6.143 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\306\261\275\271\303\270)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.37 0 Td [(\306)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275\261\271)-207(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 17.602 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.083 -10.959 Td [(L)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.612 0 Td [(\303\271\301\271\275)-207(\273\255\263\277\305\303\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.485 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.175 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.:)-229(Juv.)-235(viii.)-236(29;)-221(vi.)-236(534;)-221(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 97.922 0 Td [(Metam.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.998 0 Td [(ix.)-236(692,)-215(nunquamque)]TJ -205.354 -10.959 Td [(satis)-279(quaesitus)-280(Osiris;)-293(Lucan,)-287(viii.)-338(831,)-287(et)-279(quem)-279(tu)-279(plangens)-280(hominem)-279(testaris)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(Osirim;)-250(Min.)-250(Fel.)-250(c.)-250(21.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3068 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3069 0 R /Resources 3067 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3062 0 R >> endobj 3070 0 obj << /D [3068 0 R /XYZ 150.626 205.557 null] >> endobj 3071 0 obj << /D [3068 0 R /XYZ 112.044 88.06 null] >> endobj 3067 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3074 0 obj << /Length 5992 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(700)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-396(ascetic)-397(restraint.)-689(But)-397(that)-396(a)-397(general)-396(strictness)-397(of)-396(life)-396(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-283(required)-283(of)-283(the)-282(Isiac)-283(votary,)-291(at)-283(least)-283(under)-283(the)-283(early)-282(Empire,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-299(be)-298(inferred)-299(from)-299(the)-298(fact)-299(that)-299(the)-298(frail)-299(Cynthias)-299(and)-298(Delias)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(Propertius)-251(and)-250(Tibullus)-251(were)-250(among)-251(the)-250(most)-251(regular)-250(in)-250(ritual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(observance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.797 3.959 Td [(2977)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.609 -3.959 Td [(The)-386(festival)-386(of)-385(the)-386(holy)-386(vessel)-386(of)-386(Isis,)-419(which)]TJ -75.406 -13.549 Td [(marked)-281(the)-281(opening)-282(of)-281(navigation,)-289(and)-281(received)-281(the)-281(benediction)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-289(the)-290(goddess,)-299(was,)-299(in)-289(the)-289(early)-290(Empire,)-299(observed)-289(with)-289(solemn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pomp)-300(and)-300(enthusiasm)-300(by)-300(the)-300(coast)-300(towns)-300(of)-300(the)-300(Mediterranean.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(A)-295(brilliantly)-295(vivid)-295(description)-296(of)-295(such)-295(a)-295(scene)-295(at)-295(Cenchreae)-295(has)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-236(left)-236(by)-235(Apuleius.)-246(It)-235(was)-236(a)-236(great)-236(popular)-235(carnival,)-239(in)-236(which)-235(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-261(procession,)-263(masquerading)-261(in)-261(the)-260(most)-261(fantastic)-261(and)-260(various)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(costumes,)-427(conducted)-391(the)-391(sacred)-391(ship)-392(to)-391(the)-391(shore.)-674(Women)-391(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(white)-367(robes)-367(scattered)-367(flowers)-367(and)-367(perfumes)-367(along)-367(the)-367(way.)-600(A)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(throng)-351(of)-351(both)-351(sexes)-350(bore)-351(torches)-351(and)-351(tapers,)-376(to)-351(symbolise)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reign)-375(of)-376(the)-375(Mother)-376(of)-375(the)-376(stars.)-626(The)-376(music)-375(of)-376(flute)-375(and)-375(pipe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meanwhile)-413(filled)-413(the)-413(air)-412(with)-413(sacred)-413(symphonies,)-454(and)-413(a)-412(band)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-487(youths)-486(in)-487(snow-white)-487(vestments)-486(chanted)-487(a)-487(hymn.)-959(Wave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upon)-417(wave)-418(came)-417(the)-417(throng)-418(of)-417(those)-417(who)-418(had)-417(been)-417(admitted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-330(full)-330(communion,)-350(all)-330(clad)-330(in)-330(linen,)-350(and)-330(the)-330(men)-330(marked)-330(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-391(tonsure.)-675(They)-391(were)-392(followed)-391(by)-392(the)-391(priests,)-427(each)-391(bearing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-381(symbol)-381(of)-381(the)-381(many)-381(powers)-381(and)-381(virtues)-381(of)-381(the)-381(goddess,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-286(boat-shaped)-286(lamp,)-295(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 116.496 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(altars)-286(of)-286(succour,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 75.61 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.963 0 Td [(the)-286(palm)-286(of)-286(gold,)]TJ -204.912 -13.549 Td [(the)-343(wand)-342(of)-343(Mercury.)-527(In)-342(a)-343(pix)-342(were)-343(borne)-342(the)-343(holy)-342(mysteries,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and,)-546(last)-487(of)-487(all,)-546(the)-486(most)-487(venerable)-487(symbol,)-546(a)-487(small)-487(urn)-486(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shining)-260(gold)-259(and)-260(adorned)-260(in)-260(subtle)-259(workmanship)-260(with)-260(figures)-259(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Egyptian)-262(legend.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.065 3.959 Td [(2978)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.565 -3.959 Td [(This)-262(holy)-262(vase,)-266(containing)-262(the)-262(water)-262(of)-263(the)]TJ -93.63 -13.549 Td [(sacred)-228(river,)-232(which)-227(was)-228(an)-227(emanation)-228(from)-227(Osiris,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.975 3.959 Td [(2979)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.97 -3.959 Td [(closed)-227(the)]TJ -236.945 -13.549 Td [(procession.)-687(Arrived)-396(at)-396(the)-396(margin)-395(of)-396(the)-396(sea,)-432(the)-396(chief)-395(priest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consecrated)-305(the)-305(sacred)-305(vessel)-304(with)-305(solemn)-305(form)-305(and)-305(litany,)-318(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(named)-213(it)-213(with)-212(the)-213(holy)-213(name.)-238(Adorned)-212(with)-213(gold)-213(and)-213(citrus)-212(wood)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-260(pictures)-259(of)-260(old)-259(legend,)-262(it)-260(spread)-260(its)-259(white)-260(sails)-259(to)-260(the)-259(breeze,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(2977)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ov.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 15.44 0 Td [(Am.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.435 0 Td [(i.)-250(8,)-250(74;)-250(iii.)-250(9,)-250(30;)-250(Prop.)-250(ii.)-250(33,)-250(3;)-250(Tibull.)-250(i.)-250(3,)-250(23.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -46.57 -7.31 Td [(2978)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(11)-250(\050774-78\051;)-250(R\351ville,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 97.626 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(unter)-250(den)-250(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 69.723 0 Td [(p.)-250(56.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -222.885 -7.311 Td [(2979)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)-250(et)-250(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(38,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 21.913 0 Td [(\235\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.577 0 Td [(\326)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\273\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.987 0 Td [(H)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.832 0 Td [(\303\257\301\271\264\277\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 28.504 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.707 0 Td [(\300\277\301\301\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 22.219 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 6.788 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\307\277\305\303\271\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.837 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3073 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3074 0 R /Resources 3072 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3062 0 R >> endobj 3072 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3077 0 obj << /Length 5774 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(701)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-278(bore)-279(into)-278(the)-279(distance)-278(the)-278(vows)-279(and)-278(offerings)-279(of)-278(the)-278(faithful)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([580])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(for)-250(the)-250(safety)-250(of)-250(those)-250(upon)-250(the)-250(deep.)]TJ 11.956 -14.399 Td [(The)-162(oriental)-163(religions)-162(of)-162(the)-163(imperial)-162(period)-162(were)-162(distinguished)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(from)-550(the)-551(native)-550(religion)-551(of)-550(Latium)-551(by)-550(the)-551(possession)-550(of)-550(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(numerous)-481(and)-480(highly)-481(organised)-480(priesthood,)-538(and)-481(an)-480(intensely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sacerdotal)-361(spirit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 73.32 3.959 Td [(2980)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.798 -3.959 Td [(In)-361(an)-361(age)-361(of)-361(growing)-361(religious)-361(faith,)-389(this)]TJ -96.118 -13.549 Td [(characteristic)-304(gave)-304(them)-303(enormous)-304(power.)-411(The)-304(priest)-304(became)-303(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(necessary)-280(medium)-281(of)-280(intercourse)-281(with)-280(God.)-341(It)-281(is)-280(also)-281(one)-280(of)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-317(traits)-317(in)-317(the)-316(later)-317(paganism,)-334(which)-317(prepared)-317(and)-316(softened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(transition)-289(to)-289(the)-289(reign)-288(of)-289(the)-289(mediaeval)-289(Church.)-367(It)-289(would)-288(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tedious)-303(and)-304(unprofitable)-303(to)-303(enumerate)-303(the)-304(various)-303(grades)-303(of)-303(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Isiac)-228(priesthood.)-243(There)-228(were)-228(high)-228(priests)-228(of)-228(conspicuous)-228(dignity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-308(were)-309(also)-308(called)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 97.059 0 Td [(prophetae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.236 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.958 Td [(2981)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.073 -3.958 Td [(But)-308(ordinary)-308(priests)-309(could)]TJ -165.095 -13.55 Td [(perform)-423(many)-423(of)-423(their)-423(functions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.254 3.959 Td [(2982)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.829 -3.959 Td [(There)-423(were)-423(interpreters)]TJ -175.083 -13.549 Td [(of)-357(dreams,)-383(dressers)-357(and)-357(keepers)-357(of)-356(the)-357(sacred)-357(wardrobe)-357(of)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(goddess,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 37.877 3.959 Td [(2983)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.48 -3.959 Td [(whose)-346(duties)-347(must)-346(have)-346(been)-347(onerous,)-370(if)-347(we)-346(may)]TJ -58.357 -13.549 Td [(judge)-462(from)-462(the)-462(list)-461(of)-462(robes)-462(and)-462(jewels)-462(and)-462(sacred)-461(furniture)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preserved)-415(in)-414(inscriptions)-415(or)-414(recovered)-414(from)-415(the)-414(ruins)-415(of)-414(Isiac)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(shrines.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.633 3.959 Td [(2984)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.525 -3.959 Td [(It)-414(has)-414(been)-413(remarked)-414(that)-414(the)-414(roaming)-413(Visigoths)]TJ -58.158 -13.549 Td [(in)-445(southern)-445(Gaul)-445(must)-445(have)-445(had)-445(a)-445(rare)-445(spoil)-445(if)-445(they)-445(had)-444(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fortune)-336(to)-336(light)-335(on)-336(one)-336(of)-336(the)-335(great)-336(temples)-336(of)-335(Isis.)-508(The)-335(scribe)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-484(the)-485(Pastophori,)-543(in)-484(Apuleius,)-543(is)-484(also)-485(an)-484(important)-484(officer.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(He)-375(summons)-376(the)-375(sacred)-376(convocation,)-406(and)-376(recites)-375(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 242.448 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(bidding)]TJ -247.292 -13.55 Td [(prayer)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.862 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.083 0 Td [(for)-297(the)-297(Emperor)-297(and)-297(all)-297(subjects,)-309(in)-297(their)-297(several)-296(places)]TJ -35.945 -13.549 Td [(and)-434(stations.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 56.556 3.959 Td [(2985)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.197 -3.959 Td [(Music)-434(took)-435(a)-434(large)-434(part)-434(in)-435(the)-434(ritual;)-526(there)]TJ -81.753 -13.549 Td [(was)-458(hymn-singing)-458(to)-458(the)-458(sound)-458(of)-458(flutes,)-510(harp,)-510(and)-458(cymbal;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-390(the)-390(chanters)-389(and)-390(paeanists)-390(of)-389(Serapis)-390(formed)-390(an)-390(order)-389(by)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.551 Td [(2980)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(54;)-250(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(130)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2981)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.G.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.508 0 Td [(6006;)-267(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 45.543 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.529 0 Td [(ii.)-284(c.)-284(28)-262(\050159\051,)-264(propheta)-261(primarius,)-265(xi.)-284(c.)-284(17)-262(\050788\051,)]TJ -100.535 -10.959 Td [(sacerdos)-246(maximus.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.429 0 Td [(Or.)-249(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.308 0 Td [(2305,)-247(C.)-246(Ruf.)-249(Volusianus)-246(pater)-246(ierofanta)-246(profata)]TJ -107.737 -10.959 Td [(Isidos;)-250(1878,)-250(6666;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.237 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(x.)-250(6445;)-250(xii.)-250(410.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -96.895 -7.31 Td [(2982)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(133.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2983)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xii.)-250(3061,)-250(Ornatrix)-250(fani)-250(Nemausi.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(2984)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(135.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(2985)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(17)-250(\050789\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3076 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3077 0 R /Resources 3075 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3062 0 R >> endobj 3078 0 obj << /D [3076 0 R /XYZ 87.984 518.175 null] >> endobj 3075 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3081 0 obj << /Length 6248 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(702)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(themselves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.208 3.959 Td [(2986)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.62 -3.959 Td [(The)-294(prayer)-295(which)-294(Lucius)-295(offers)-294(to)-295(the)-294(goddess,)]TJ -71.828 -13.549 Td [(in)-282(Apuleius,)-290(has)-282(been)-283(arranged)-282(as)-282(a)-282(metrical)-282(litany.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.874 3.959 Td [(2987)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.218 -3.959 Td [(Women)]TJ -246.092 -13.549 Td [(often)-329(appear)-329(in)-330(inscriptions)-329(and)-329(in)-329(our)-329(texts)-329(as)-330(priest)1(esses,)-349(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-284(a)-284(prominent)-284(place)-284(in)-284(all)-284(solemn)-284(ritual.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 186.816 3.958 Td [(2988)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.277 -3.958 Td [(And)-284(it)-284(is)-284(evident)]TJ -207.093 -13.55 Td [(that,)-248(with)-247(all)-247(its)-248(sacerdotalism,)-247(the)-248(worship)-247(gave)-247(full)-247(recognition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-406(devout)-406(worshippers)-405(of)-406(every)-406(degree)-406(and)-406(sex.)-717(All)-406(who)-405(are)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([581])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(devoted)-200(to)-200(the)-201(service)-200(have)-200(their)-200(place)-201(and)-200(function.)-233(The)-200(initiated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-278(even)-278(wear)-279(the)-278(tonsure)-278(in)-278(the)-278(ordinary)-278(lay)-279(life.)-334(To)-278(do)-278(this,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(indeed,)-449(needed)-408(some)-409(courage,)-449(in)-408(the)-409(face)-409(of)-409(Roman)-408(ridicule.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(But)-405(the)-405(religious)-406(were,)-443(from)-406(the)-405(earliest)-405(times)-405(in)-405(Greece)-405(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Italy,)-292(associated)-283(for)-283(mutual)-284(support)-283(in)-283(sacred)-284(guilds,)-291(designated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-291(various)-292(names,)-301(Isiaci)-291(or)-292(Pastophori)-291(or)-291(Anubiaci.)-374(In)-291(the)-291(third)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 36.206 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-337(such)-320(societies)-320(are)-320(found)-319(in)-320(Ceos)-320(and)-320(Peiraeus.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 212.912 3.959 Td [(2989)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(On)-475(the)-475(walls)-476(of)-475(Pompeii)-475(they)-475(have)-476(left)-475(their)-475(appeals)-475(to)-475(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(electors)-374(to)-373(vote)-374(on)-373(behalf)-374(of)-373(candidates)-374(for)-373(the)-374(aedileship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2990)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(They)-315(were)-314(organised)-315(on)-315(the)-314(usual)-315(lines)-315(of)-314(the)-315(ancient)-314(colleges,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(divided)-293(into)-294(decuries,)-304(with)-293(a)-293(director)-294(and)-293(a)-293(treasurer,)-304(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 245.503 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(father)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.439 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(or)-216(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.638 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mother,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.632 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.197 0 Td [(or)-216(a)-215(patron)-216(at)-216(their)-216(head.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.767 3.959 Td [(2991)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.041 -3.959 Td [(The)-216(Isiac)-215(guilds)-216(must)]TJ -188.119 -13.549 Td [(have)-384(had)-384(a)-384(powerful)-384(influence)-384(in)-384(the)-384(diffusion)-384(of)-384(the)-384(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-392(Alexandria.)-676(But)-391(they)-392(also)-392(were)-392(probably)-392(one)-392(cause)-392(of)-391(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(suspicion)-241(so)-242(long)-241(entertained)-241(for)-241(that)-242(worship)-241(by)-241(the)-241(Republican)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(government,)-498(and)-449(they)-449(only)-449(asserted)-448(their)-449(full)-449(strength)-449(in)-448(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(second)-329(century,)-349(when)-329(the)-329(colleges)-329(in)-329(general)-329(received)-329(the)-329(tacit)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sanction)-378(of)-378(the)-378(emperors.)-634(That)-378(the)-378(emperors)-378(felt)-378(little)-378(fear)-377(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(these)-224(foreign)-223(sacred)-224(corporations)-224(became)-223(clear)-224(when)-224(an)-223(emperor)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(actually)-250(took)-250(the)-250(tonsure)-250(of)-250(Isis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 139.985 3.959 Td [(2992)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -128.03 -18.324 Td [(The)-331(Isiac)-330(system)-331(was)-330(energetic)-331(and)-331(self-assertive,)-350(but)-331(it)-331(can)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.44 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.628 Td [(2986)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(c.)-250(9)-250(\050772\051,)-250(dicati)-250(Serapi)-250(tibicines.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(2987)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(138,)-250(n.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(2988)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2355,)-250(6385,)-250(2309.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.31 Td [(2989)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Foucart,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.875 0 Td [(Assoc.)-250(Religieuses)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.244 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(117;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.633 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(66,)-250(240.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -167.356 -7.311 Td [(2990)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mau,)-250(p.)-250(478,)-250(Cn.)-250(Helv.)-250(Sabinum)-250(aed.)-250(Isiaci)-250(rogant.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2991)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Foucart,)-249(pp.)-250(25-30;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.966 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.346 0 Td [(6029,)-249(2313,)-250(mater)-249(sacrorum;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 105.568 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.912 0 Td [(vi.)-250(2277;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -248.747 -10.959 Td [(Or.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(2308,)-250(patrono)-250(Sacr.)-250(Isidis;)-250(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 119.047 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(30)-250(\050817\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -154.657 -7.311 Td [(2992)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(Commod.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(c.)-250(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3080 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3081 0 R /Resources 3079 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3062 0 R >> endobj 3082 0 obj << /D [3080 0 R /XYZ 157.542 450.429 null] >> endobj 3079 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3085 0 obj << /Length 5479 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(703)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(hardly)-206(be)-206(called)-207(dangerous)-206(or)-206(revolutionary.)-236(It)-206(threw)-206(many)-206(of)-206(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(old)-253(gods)-252(into)-253(the)-253(shade,)-253(but)-253(its)-252(syncretism)-253(also)-253(found)-252(a)-253(place)-252(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-309(of)-310(them.)-428(Its)-309(inner)-310(monotheism,)-324(after)-309(the)-310(fashion)-309(of)-309(those)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(days,)-426(had)-391(open)-391(arms)-391(of)-391(charity)-391(for)-391(all)-391(the)-391(ancient)-391(gods.)-673(One)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-283(the)-284(priests)-283(of)-283(Isis)-283(might)-284(be)-283(called)-283(Iacchagogus)-283(or)-284(Mithra;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(2993)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(statues)-373(of)-372(Dionysus)-373(and)-373(Venus)-372(and)-373(Priapus)-373(stood)-372(in)-373(the)-372(court)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-289(the)-289(Isium)-289(at)-290(Pompeii.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 106.861 3.959 Td [(2994)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.446 -3.959 Td [(The)-289(Isis)-289(of)-289(Apuleius)-290(proclaims)-289(her)]TJ -127.307 -13.549 Td [(identity)-270(with)-269(nearly)-270(all)-270(the)-269(great)-270(powers)-270(of)-269(classical)-270(legend,)-274(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gathers)-253(them)-252(into)-253(herself.)-258(But)-253(Isis)-253(identifies)-252(only)-253(to)-253(conquer)-252(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(absorb.)-394(And)-298(her)-298(priesthood)-298(formed)-298(an)-298(aggressive)-298(and)-298(powerful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(caste.)-427(The)-309(sacerdotal)-309(colleges)-309(of)-309(the)-309(Latin)-309(religion)-309(were)-308(never,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(except)-343(in)-343(the)-343(case)-343(of)-343(the)-343(Vestals,)-366(separated)-343(from)-343(ordinary)-343(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([582])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(The)-280(highest)-281(pontificate)-280(was)-280(held)-280(by)-281(busy)-280(laymen,)-288(by)-280(consuls)-280(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperors)-397(or)-398(great)-397(soldiers.)-692(After)-397(the)-397(performance)-398(of)-397(his)-397(part)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-325(some)-324(great)-325(rite,)-343(the)-325(Roman)-324(priest)-325(returned)-325(to)-324(his)-325(civic)-324(place)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-400(duties.)-701(And)-400(in)-400(Greece,)-438(in)-400(the)-401(third)-400(and)-400(second)-400(centuries)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.073 0 Td [(,)-302(even)-291(the)-291(Isiac)-291(priesthood)-292(was)-291(held)-291(only)-291(for)-292(a)-291(year,)-301(or)-292(even)]TJ -15.073 -13.549 Td [(for)-306(a)-306(month;)-335(and)-306(the)-306(sacred)-306(processions)-307(at)-306(one)-306(time)-306(needed)-306(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(authorisation)-376(of)-376(the)-376(local)-376(council)-376(at)-376(Samos.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 197.021 3.958 Td [(2995)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.291 -3.958 Td [(But)-376(when)-376(we)]TJ -220.312 -13.55 Td [(come)-403(to)-404(the)-403(days)-404(of)-403(Apuleius,)-442(all)-404(this)-403(is)-404(changed.)-710(The)-403(chief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(priest)-299(at)-299(Cenchreae)-299(is)-299(evidently)-299(a)-299(great)-299(ecclesiastic,)-311(bearing)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sacred)-371(Eastern)-372(name)-371(of)-371(Mithra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.919 3.959 Td [(2996)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.136 -3.959 Td [(He)-371(has)-372(given)-371(up)-371(ordinary)]TJ -165.055 -13.549 Td [(civic)-329(life,)-350(and)-329(has)-329(probably)-330(abandoned)-329(his)-329(Greek)-330(name)-329(to)-329(take)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-426(new)-425(name)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.58 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(in)-426(religion.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.797 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.488 0 Td [(Every)-426(day)-425(two)-426(solemn)-426(services)-426(at)]TJ -124.709 -13.549 Td [(least)-416(have)-416(to)-416(be)-416(performed)-416(in)-416(the)-416(temple,)-457(besides)-416(the)-416(private)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(direction)-264(of)-265(souls,)-267(which)-265(had)-264(evidently)-264(become)-265(a)-264(regular)-264(part)-264(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-322(priestly)-322(functions.)-467(Attached)-322(to)-322(the)-322(great)-322(temples,)-340(and)-322(close)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-389(the)-389(altar,)-424(there)-389(is)-389(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 103.703 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(clergy)-389(house)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 56.957 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.088 0 Td [(where)-389(the)-389(ministers)-389(are)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.124 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.311 Td [(2993)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(22)-250(\050800\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.537 -7.31 Td [(2994)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(pp.)-250(189,)-250(190;)-250(Mau,)-250(p.)-250(169.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(2995)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(p.)-250(149.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(2996)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 24.018 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.959 0 Td [(xi.)-429(c.)-428(22)-310(\050800\051,)-324(Mithram)-310(illum)-309(suum)-310(sacerdotem)-310(praecipuum,)]TJ -54.932 -10.959 Td [(divino)-539(quodam)-539(stellarum)-539(consortio)-538(ut)-539(aiebat)-539(mihi)-539(conjunctum,)-611(sacrorum)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(ministrum)-250(decernit.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3084 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3085 0 R /Resources 3083 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3087 0 R >> endobj 3086 0 obj << /D [3084 0 R /XYZ 91.215 369.134 null] >> endobj 3083 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3090 0 obj << /Length 5303 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(704)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(lodged.)-244(It)-233(is)-232(called)-232(the)-233(Pastophorion,)-236(and)-232(its)-233(chambers)-232(have)-232(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(traced)-323(in)-322(the)-323(d\351bris)-322(of)-323(the)-323(temple)-322(at)-323(Pompeii.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.371 3.959 Td [(2997)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.541 -3.959 Td [(One)-323(of)-322(these)]TJ -223.912 -13.549 Td [(presbyteries)-254(was)-254(the)-254(scene)-254(of)-254(the)-254(seduction)-254(which)-254(convulsed)-253(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religious)-255(world)-256(in)-255(the)-256(reign)-255(of)-255(Tiberius,)-257(and)-255(which)-256(sent)-255(so)-255(many)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(pious)-213(exiles)-212(to)-213(the)-213(solitudes)-212(of)-213(Sardinia.)-238(The)-212(ministers)-213(of)-213(Isis)-212(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Serapis)-271(are)-270(marked)-270(off)-271(by)-270(the)-271(tonsure)-270(and)-271(the)-270(Isiac)-271(habit,)-275(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(meet)-304(us)-304(in)-304(the)-304(pages)-305(of)-304(poets)-304(from)-304(Tibullus)-304(to)-304(Juvenal,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.974 3.959 Td [(2998)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.903 -3.959 Td [(and)]TJ -264.877 -13.549 Td [(in)-367(the)-368(frescoes)-367(of)-368(Pompeii)-367(and)-368(Herculaneum.)-602(The)-367(abstinence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-273(was)-272(required)-273(as)-272(a)-272(preparation)-273(for)-272(communion)-273(in)-272(ordinary)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(votaries,)-477(was)-432(a)-432(lifelong)-432(obligation)-432(on)-431(the)-432(priest.)-796(The)-432(use)-431(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(woollen)-371(garments,)-402(of)-371(wine,)-401(pork,)-402(fish,)-401(and)-371(certain)-371(vegetables,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-302(absolutely)-303(forbidden)-302(to)-303(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.456 3.959 Td [(2999)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.883 -3.959 Td [(Chastity)-302(was)-303(essential)-302(in)]TJ -171.339 -13.549 Td [(the)-383(celebrant)-383(of)-382(the)-383(holy)-383(mysteries,)-416(and)-383(even)-383(Tertullian)-382(holds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(up)-423(the)-423(priests)-423(of)-423(Isis)-423(as)-423(a)-423(reproachful)-423(example)-423(of)-423(continence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-362(professing)-361(followers)-362(of)-361(Christ.)-584(The)-362(priesthood)-361(is)-362(no)-361(longer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-408(secondary)-409(concern;)-487(it)-408(absorbs)-409(a)-408(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 177.238 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-408(whole)-409(life,)-447(sets)-409(him)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -253.626 0 Td [([583])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(apart)-300(within)-301(the)-300(sanctuary)-300(as)-300(the)-301(dispenser)-300(of)-300(sacred)-300(privileges,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-335(the)-334(awful)-335(power)-335(of)-335(revealing)-334(the)-335(mystery)-335(of)-335(eternity,)-355(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(preparing)-250(souls)-250(to)-250(meet)-250(the)-250(great)-250(ordeal.)]TJ 11.956 -14.897 Td [(It)-704(does)-704(not)-703(need)-704(much)-704(imagination)-704(to)-704(understand)-703(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(fascination)-273(of)-274(Isis)-273(and)-274(Serapis)-273(for)-273(a)-274(people)-273(who)-274(had)-273(outgrown)-273(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(severe)-199(and)-198(sober,)-209(but)-199(an)-198(uninspiring)-199(faith.)-233(They)-199(came)-198(to)-199(the)-198(West)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-275(the)-275(crisis)-275(of)-275(a)-276(great)-275(spiritual)-275(and)-275(political)-275(revolution,)-281(with)-275(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charm)-217(of)-218(foreign)-217(mystery)-217(and)-217(the)-217(immemorial)-218(antiquity)-217(of)-217(a)-217(land)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(whose)-178(annals)-177(ran)-178(back)-177(to)-178(ages)-178(long)-177(before)-178(Rome)-177(and)-178(Athens)-177(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(even)-375(villages.)-625(But)-376(with)-375(antique)-375(charm,)-406(the)-375(religion)-375(combined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-248(moral)-247(and)-248(spiritual)-247(ideas)-248(of)-248(generations)-247(which)-248(had)-247(outgrown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-392(gross)-392(symbolism)-392(of)-393(Nature)-392(worship.)-676(The)-392(annual)-392(festivals)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-307(preserve)-308(the)-307(memory)-307(of)-308(the)-307(myth,)-322(which)-307(in)-307(its)-307(grossness)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-279(brutal)-278(tragedy)-279(once)-279(pictured)-279(the)-278(fructifying)-279(influence)-279(of)-278(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mysterious)-353(river)-352(on)-353(the)-352(lands)-353(which)-352(awaited)-353(his)-352(visitations,)-378(or)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(2997)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lafaye,)-250(pp.)-250(151,)-250(186;)-250(Mau,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 99.858 0 Td [(Pompeii)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.885 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(174.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -144.438 -7.31 Td [(2998)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tibull.)-250(i.)-250(3,)-250(30;)-250(Mart.)-250(xii.)-250(29;)-250(Juv.)-250(vi.)-250(526;)-250(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 172.62 0 Td [(Otho)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 17.933 0 Td [(,)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -205.248 -7.311 Td [(2999)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.653 0 Td [(c.)-250(4,)-250(8,)-250(32.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3089 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3090 0 R /Resources 3088 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3087 0 R >> endobj 3091 0 obj << /D [3089 0 R /XYZ 283.111 314.937 null] >> endobj 3088 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3094 0 obj << /Length 4408 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(V.)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Serapis)-16725(705)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-402(waning)-402(force)-403(of)-402(vegetative)-402(power)-402(and)-403(solar)-402(warmth.)-706(But)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Serapis,)-368(the)-345(new)-345(god)-345(of)-344(the)-345(Ptolemies,)-369(became)-344(the)-345(lord)-345(of)-344(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-299(death,)-312(the)-300(guide)-299(and)-299(saviour)-300(of)-299(souls,)-312(the)-299(great)-300(judge)-299(of)-299(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-301(the)-302(other)-301(world,)-314(an)-302(awful)-301(power,)-314(yet)-301(more)-302(inclined)-301(to)-301(mercy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-308(to)-308(judgment.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 77.93 3.959 Td [(3000)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.057 -3.959 Td [(And)-308(Isis)-308(rose)-307(to)-308(equally)-308(boundless)-308(sway,)]TJ -98.987 -13.549 Td [(and)-286(one)-286(of)-287(greater)-286(tenderness.)-359(Powers)-286(above)-286(and)-286(powers)-286(below)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(alike)-364(wait)-364(on)-364(her)-364(will:)-478(she)-365(treads)-364(Tartarus)-364(under)-364(her)-364(feet,)-392(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yet)-341(she)-340(embraces)-341(all,)-364(and)-340(specially)-341(the)-341(weak)-340(and)-341(miserable,)-363(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(arms)-301(of)-300(her)-301(charity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.703 3.958 Td [(3001)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.828 -3.958 Td [(Above)-301(all,)-313(she)-301(has)-301(the)-301(secret)-300(of)-301(the)]TJ -124.531 -13.55 Td [(unseen)-389(world,)-423(and)-389(can)-389(lighten)-389(for)-389(her)-389(worshipper)-389(the)-388(Stygian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gloom.)-362(But)-288(the)-287(Isiac,)-297(like)-287(the)-288(Orphic)-287(revelation,)-297(while)-288(it)-287(gave)-287(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blessed)-214(promise)-214(for)-214(the)-213(life)-214(to)-214(come,)-221(attached)-214(grave)-214(conditions)-213(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-261(pledge.)-283(In)-261(this)-260(brief)-261(time)-261(of)-261(probation,)-264(the)-261(soul)-261(must)-260(prepare)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(itself)-316(under)-317(ghostly)-316(guidance)-316(for)-317(the)-316(great)-316(trial.)-449(Sacrament)-316(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(mystery)-400(lent)-399(their)-400(aid)-399(to)-400(fortify)-400(the)-399(worshipper)-400(in)-399(the)-400(face)-399(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death,)-251(but,)-250(to)-251(derive)-250(their)-251(full)-250(virtue,)-251(he)-250(must)-251(exercise)-250(himself)-250(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temperance,)-197(abjure)-183(the)-183(pleasures)-183(of)-183(the)-184(senses,)-196(and)-183(purify)-183(himself)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-212(the)-212(vision)-213(of)-212(God.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 92.584 3.959 Td [(3002)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.029 -3.959 Td [(The)-212(sacred)-212(ritual)-213(of)-212(the)-212(Egyptian)-212(might)]TJ -111.613 -13.549 Td [(captivate)-423(the)-424(senses)-423(and)-423(imagination)-423(by)-424(its)-423(pomp)-423(and)-423(music,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-364(steaming)-364(altars,)-393(and)-364(many-coloured)-364(symbolism.)-592(But)-364(in)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stillness)-301(of)-300(the)-301(sanctuary)-300(the)-301(worshipper)-300(was)-301(trained)-300(to)-301(find)-300(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moments)-198(of)-198(purest)-198(and)-197(most)-198(exalted)-198(devotion)-198(in)-198(silent)-197(meditation)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([584])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(before)-196(the)-196(Queen)-197(of)-196(heaven)-196(and)-196(the)-196(shades.)-232(The)-196(lonely,)-207(the)-196(weak,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-181(the)-181(desolate)-181(found)-181(in)-181(the)-181(holy)-181(guilds)-181(succour)-181(and)-181(consolation,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-364(a)-364(place)-364(in)-364(the)-364(ritual)-365(of)-364(her)-364(solemn)-364(seasons,)-392(which)-364(bound)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(each)-250(to)-250(each)-250(in)-250(the)-250(love)-250(of)-250(a)-250(Divine)-250(Mother.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(3000)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Aristid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.391 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Sacr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.364 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(p.)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -79.45 -7.31 Td [(3001)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.537 -7.311 Td [(3002)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3093 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3094 0 R /Resources 3092 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3087 0 R >> endobj 3095 0 obj << /D [3093 0 R /XYZ 88.933 233.642 null] >> endobj 3096 0 obj << /D [3093 0 R /XYZ 253.928 220.093 null] >> endobj 3092 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3097 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index21) >> endobj 3100 0 obj (VI. The religion of Mithra) endobj 3103 0 obj << /Length 4011 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 20.788 512.7 Td [([585])]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 166.602 -30.303 Td [(CHAPTER)-278(VI)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -36.962 -45.004 Td [(THE)-267(RELIGION)-267(OF)-267(MITHRA)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -56.885 -26.195 Td [(Of)-323(all)-323(the)-323(oriental)-322(religions)-323(which)-323(attracted)-323(the)-323(devotion)-323(of)-322(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(West)-394(in)-394(the)-393(last)-394(three)-394(centuries)-394(of)-393(the)-394(Empire,)-430(that)-394(of)-393(Mithra)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-323(the)-323(most)-323(powerful.)-469(It)-323(is)-323(also)-323(the)-323(system)-323(which)-323(for)-323(various)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reasons)-493(has)-493(the)-493(greatest)-493(interest)-493(for)-493(the)-493(modern)-493(student.)-979(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-456(perhaps)-456(the)-456(highest)-456(and)-456(most)-456(striking)-456(example)-456(of)-456(the)-455(last)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(efforts)-423(of)-423(paganism)-423(to)-423(reconcile)-423(itself)-423(to)-423(the)-423(great)-423(moral)-422(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-204(movement)-204(which)-205(was)-204(setting)-204(steadily,)-213(and)-204(with)-204(growing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(momentum,)-181(towards)-163(purer)-163(conceptions)-163(of)-163(God,)-180(of)-163(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 233.404 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-163(relations)]TJ -237.037 -13.549 Td [(to)-394(Him,)-431(and)-394(of)-394(the)-395(life)-394(to)-394(come.)-683(It)-394(is)-395(also)-394(the)-394(greatest)-394(effort)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-323(syncretism)-324(to)-323(absorb,)-342(without)-323(extinguishing,)-342(the)-324(gods)-323(of)-323(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(classic)-419(pantheon)-418(in)-419(a)-418(cult)-419(which)-419(was)-418(almost)-419(monotheistic,)-460(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(transform)-376(old)-375(forms)-376(of)-375(nature)-376(worship)-375(and)-376(cosmic)-375(symbolism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-268(a)-268(system)-268(which)-269(should)-268(provide)-268(at)-268(once)-268(some)-268(form)-268(of)-268(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(discipline)-278(and)-279(real)-278(satisfaction)-278(for)-279(spiritual)-278(wants.)-335(In)-278(this)-278(effort,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithraism)-412(was)-412(not)-411(so)-412(much)-412(impeded)-411(by)-412(a)-412(heritage)-412(of)-411(coarse)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(legend)-212(as)-212(the)-212(worships)-212(of)-212(Pessinus)-212(and)-212(Alexandria.)-237(It)-212(was)-212(indeed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sprung)-240(from)-240(the)-239(same)-240(order)-240(of)-240(religious)-240(thought)-239(as)-240(they.)-247(It)-239(could)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-403(detach)-404(itself)-403(from)-404(its)-403(source)-404(as)-403(a)-404(cult)-403(of)-404(the)-403(powers)-403(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nature.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 29.989 3.959 Td [(3003)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.089 -3.959 Td [(But)-309(the)-308(worship)-309(of)-309(the)-309(Sun,)-323(with)-309(which)-309(Mithra)-308(was)]TJ -51.078 -13.549 Td [(inseparably)-293(connected,)-303(was)-293(the)-293(purest)-293(and)-293(most)-293(natural)-293(form)-292(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(devotion,)-256(if)-255(elemental)-256(powers)-255(were)-255(to)-255(be)-255(worshipped)-255(at)-255(all.)-265(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(heathendom)-334(tended)-334(more)-334(and)-334(more)-334(under)-334(the)-334(Empire)-334(to)-334(fix)-333(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devotion)-411(on)-411(the)-411(source)-411(of)-411(all)-411(light)-411(and)-411(life.)-733(The)-411(Sun)-411(was)-411(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plato)-397(the)-397(highest)-397(material)-396(symbol)-397(of)-397(the)-397(Infinite)-397(Good.)-690(Neo-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pythagoreanism)-311(and)-310(Neo-Platonism)-310(regarded)-311(him)-310(as)-311(the)-310(sacred)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 69.951 Td [(3003)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.381 0 Td [(Monuments)-250(Relatifs)-250(aux)-250(Myst\350res)-250(de)-250(Mithra)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 159.136 0 Td [(,)-250(Intr.)-250(pp.)-250(309,)-250(310.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3102 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3103 0 R /Resources 3101 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3087 0 R >> endobj 163 0 obj << /D [3102 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 3098 0 obj << /D [3102 0 R /XYZ 93.543 518.175 null] >> endobj 3101 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3106 0 obj << /Length 5977 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(707)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(image)-258(of)-257(the)-258(power)-257(beyond)-258(human)-258(ken.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 173.494 3.959 Td [(3004)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.414 -3.959 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Before)-258(religion,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.159 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.654 0 Td [(it)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 16.459 0 Td [([586])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(has)-346(been)-345(said,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 67.009 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(had)-346(reached)-345(the)-346(point)-345(of)-346(proclaiming)-345(that)-346(God)]TJ -71.853 -13.549 Td [(must)-250(be)-251(sought)-250(in)-250(the)-251(realm)-250(of)-251(the)-250(ideal)-250(and)-251(the)-250(absolute)-250(outside)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-225(world)-224(of)-225(sense,)-230(the)-225(one)-224(rational)-225(and)-225(scientific)-224(cult)-225(was)-225(that)-224(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-288(Sun.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.171 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(3005)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.577 -3.959 Td [(Heliolatry)-288(also)-287(harmonised)-288(with)-288(absolutism)-287(in)-288(the)]TJ -60.591 -13.549 Td [(State,)-310(as)-298(the)-298(old)-298(Persian)-298(kings)-298(and)-298(their)-298(imitators,)-310(the)-298(emperors)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-319(the)-318(third)-319(century,)-336(clearly)-319(perceived.)-456(The)-319(great)-319(temple)-319(of)-318(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sun,)-256(which)-256(Aurelian,)-256(the)-255(son)-256(of)-255(a)-255(priestess)-255(of)-256(the)-255(deity,)-256(founded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-304(the)-305(Campus)-304(Martius,)-318(with)-304(its)-305(high)-304(pontiffs)-305(and)-304(stately)-304(ritual,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(did)-367(honour)-366(not)-367(only)-367(to)-366(the)-367(great)-367(lord)-366(of)-367(the)-367(heavenly)-366(spheres,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but)-241(to)-241(the)-242(monarch)-241(who)-241(was)-241(the)-241(august)-242(image)-241(of)-241(his)-241(power)-241(upon)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(earth)-241(and)-242(who)-241(was)-241(endued)-241(with)-242(his)-241(special)-241(grace.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 214.638 3.959 Td [(3006)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.134 -3.959 Td [(The)-241(power)]TJ -233.772 -13.549 Td [(of)-301(Mithra)-300(in)-301(the)-301(fourth)-301(century)-300(lay)-301(in)-301(the)-301(fact)-300(that,)-314(while)-301(it)-300(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tender)-242(and)-242(tolerant)-243(to)-242(the)-242(old)-242(national)-242(worships,)-244(and)-242(never)-242(broke)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-335(the)-335(inner)-334(spirit)-335(of)-335(heathenism,)-356(it)-335(created)-335(an)-334(all-embracing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system)-389(which)-389(rose)-388(above)-389(all)-389(national)-389(barriers,)-424(which)-388(satisfied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-388(philosophic)-389(thought)-388(of)-389(the)-388(age)-389(in)-388(its)-389(mysticism,)-423(and)-388(gave)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(comfort)-250(and)-250(a)-250(hope)-250(of)-250(immortality)-250(through)-250(its)-250(sacraments.)]TJ 11.955 -17.013 Td [(Mithra)-302(was)-302(one)-303(of)-302(the)-302(most)-302(ancient)-303(and)-302(venerable)-302(objects)-303(of)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(pagan)-207(devotion,)-216(as)-207(he)-207(was)-207(one)-207(of)-207(the)-207(last)-207(to)-207(be)-208(dethroned.)-235(In)-207(faint)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(outline)-210(he)-209(can)-210(be)-210(traced)-210(to)-209(the)-210(cradle)-210(of)-210(the)-209(Aryan)-210(race.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 236.904 3.959 Td [(3007)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.019 -3.959 Td [(In)-210(the)]TJ -255.923 -13.549 Td [(Vedas)-250(he)-251(is)-250(a)-250(god)-251(of)-250(light,)-250(and,)-251(as)-250(the)-251(god)-250(of)-250(truth,)-251(who)-250(hates)-250(all)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(falsehood,)-343(he)-324(has)-324(the)-324(germ)-324(of)-324(that)-324(moral)-324(character)-324(which)-324(grew)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-219(a)-220(great)-219(force)-220(in)-219(the)-220(last)-219(age)-220(of)-219(his)-220(worship)-219(in)-220(the)-219(West.)-240(In)-219(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Avestas,)-220(the)-212(sacred)-213(books)-212(of)-213(the)-212(religion)-213(of)-212(Iran,)-220(which,)-220(however)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(late)-365(their)-365(redaction,)-393(still)-365(enshrine)-365(a)-365(very)-365(ancient)-365(creed,)-393(Mithra)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-230(the)-230(same)-230(well-defined)-230(personality.)-243(He)-230(is)-230(the)-230(radiant)-229(god)-230(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(seems)-322(to)-321(emerge)-322(from)-321(the)-322(rocky)-322(summits)-321(of)-322(eastern)-321(mountains)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-290(dawn,)-301(who)-290(careers)-290(through)-291(heaven)-290(with)-290(a)-290(team)-291(of)-290(four)-290(white)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.352 Td [(3004)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Zeller,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 26.89 0 Td [(Phil.)-517(der)-338(Griech.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.991 0 Td [(iii.)-517(2,)-361(p.)-516(101;)-383(cf.)-517(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 103.648 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.739 0 Td [(i.)-517(17;)-383(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -226.223 -10.958 Td [(Apoll.)-250(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.329 0 Td [(ii.)-250(38;)-250(vi.)-250(10,)-250(\247)-250(1;)-250(M.)-250(Aurel.)-250(xi.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.069 -7.395 Td [(3005)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(336;)-250(Dieterich,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 115.809 0 Td [(Eine)-250(Mithrasliturgie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 73.48 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(197.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -203.984 -7.31 Td [(3006)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Flav.)-250(Vop.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.348 0 Td [(Aurelian)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.383 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(36,)-250(39.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.426 -7.311 Td [(3007)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(223)-250(sq.;)-250(Gasquet,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 124.283 0 Td [(Le)-250(Culte)-250(de)-250(Mithra)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 68.494 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(16)-250(sq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3105 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3106 0 R /Resources 3104 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3087 0 R >> endobj 3107 0 obj << /D [3105 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 3104 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3110 0 obj << /Length 5395 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(708)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(horses;)-244(yet)-240(he)-241(is)-241(not)-240(sun)-241(or)-241(moon)-240(or)-241(any)-240(star,)-243(but)-241(a)-240(spirit)-241(of)-240(light,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-228(wakeful,)-233(watching)-228(with)-228(a)-228(thousand)-229(eyes,)-232(whom)-228(nothing)-228(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(escape)-277(and)-277(nothing)-278(deceive.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 123.278 3.959 Td [(3008)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.055 -3.959 Td [(And)-277(so,)-284(while)-277(he)-277(gives)-278(warmth)]TJ -143.333 -13.549 Td [(and)-362(increase)-361(to)-362(the)-362(earth,)-390(and)-361(health)-362(and)-362(wealth)-361(to)-362(men,)-390(he)-361(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(also)-422(from)-423(the)-422(beginning)-422(a)-423(moral)-422(power.)-767(He)-422(confers)-422(wisdom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-392(honour)-392(and)-392(a)-393(clear)-392(conscience)-392(and)-392(concord.)-676(He)-392(wages)-392(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([587])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(truceless)-346(war)-345(with)-346(the)-345(evil)-346(powers)-345(of)-346(darkness,)-369(and)-346(guards)-345(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(faithful)-298(soldiers)-297(against)-298(the)-297(craft)-298(of)-297(the)-298(enemy.)-393(He)-297(is)-298(the)-297(friend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-321(consoler)-321(of)-320(the)-321(poor;)-356(he)-321(is)-321(the)-320(mediator)-321(between)-321(earth)-320(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(heaven;)-391(he)-343(is)-344(the)-344(lord)-344(of)-343(the)-344(world)-344(to)-344(come.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.383 3.959 Td [(3009)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.234 -3.959 Td [(But)-344(his)-344(place)]TJ -221.617 -13.549 Td [(in)-387(the)-387(Zoroastrian)-387(hierarchy)-387(was)-387(not)-387(always)-387(equally)-387(high.)-660(At)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-325(time)-326(he)-325(was)-326(only)-325(one)-326(of)-325(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 148.382 0 Td [(yazatas)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.728 0 Td [(,)-344(who)-326(were)-325(created)-326(by)]TJ -181.11 -13.549 Td [(the)-346(supreme)-345(Ormuzd.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.31 3.959 Td [(3010)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.297 -3.959 Td [(But)-346(Mithra)-345(has)-346(still)-346(the)-345(attributes)-346(of)]TJ -118.607 -13.549 Td [(guardian)-321(and)-320(saviour;)-356(he)-321(is)-321(approached)-320(with)-321(sacrifice,)-338(libation,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ablution,)-212(and)-201(litany,)-212(as)-202(in)-202(the)-201(latest)-202(days)-202(of)-202(his)-202(power)-202(in)-202(the)-201(West.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(And)-348(again)-349(a)-348(higher)-348(place)-348(is)-349(given)-348(to)-348(him;)-398(he)-348(is)-348(the)-348(vicegerent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-388(the)-388(remote,)-423(ineffable)-388(Ormuzd,)-422(the)-388(mediator)-388(through)-388(whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-389(supreme)-389(power)-389(crushes)-389(evil)-389(demons,)-424(and)-389(wages)-388(war)-389(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ahriman;)-241(he)-236(is)-236(invoked)-236(in)-236(the)-237(same)-236(prayers)-236(side)-236(by)-236(side)-236(with)-236(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Supreme.)-530(The)-344(Great)-343(Kings,)-367(especially)-343(the)-343(later,)-367(regard)-343(Mithra)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-416(their)-416(special)-415(guardian,)-458(swear)-415(by)-416(him)-416(in)-416(their)-416(most)-415(solemn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(oaths,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 25.757 3.959 Td [(3011)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.735 -3.959 Td [(and)-292(call)-292(upon)-291(him)-292(in)-292(the)-292(hour)-292(of)-292(bat)1(tle.)-376(If)-292(he)-292(was)-291(the)]TJ -45.492 -13.549 Td [(god)-212(of)-211(the)-212(humble)-211(and)-212(afflicted,)-219(he)-211(was)-212(also)-211(the)-212(god)-211(of)-212(the)-211(prince)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(warrior)-250(noble,)-250(and)-250(so)-250(we)-250(shall)-250(find)-250(him)-250(at)-250(the)-250(end.)]TJ 11.956 -16.98 Td [(The)-572(Persian)-572(conquest)-572(of)-572(Babylon)-572(had)-572(lasting)-572(effects)-572(on)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-543(religion)-542(of)-543(Mithra.)-1127(There)-543(he)-542(encountered)-543(a)-542(sacerdotal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system)-341(which)-341(had)-341(its)-342(roots)-341(in)-341(an)-341(immemorial)-341(civilisation.)-523(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conquerors,)-364(as)-342(so)-341(often)-342(happens,)-364(were)-341(to)-342(some)-341(extent)-341(subdued)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-301(the)-301(vanquished.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.222 3.959 Td [(3012)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.83 -3.959 Td [(Syncretism)-301(set)-301(in;)-326(the)-301(deities)-301(of)-300(the)-301(two)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.242 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.43 Td [(3008)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(225.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3009)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(20.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3010)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(226)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3011)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Xen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.421 0 Td [(Cyrop.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(vii.)-250(5,)-250(53;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.619 0 Td [(Oecon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.885 0 Td [(iv.)-250(\247)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -125.519 -7.311 Td [(3012)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(231;)-250(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(21)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3109 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3110 0 R /Resources 3108 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3087 0 R >> endobj 3111 0 obj << /D [3109 0 R /XYZ 93.543 450.429 null] >> endobj 3108 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3114 0 obj << /Length 5269 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(709)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(races)-337(were)-337(reconciled)-336(and)-337(identified.)-510(The)-337(magical)-337(arts)-337(and)-336(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(astrolatry)-285(of)-284(the)-285(valley)-284(of)-285(the)-285(Euphrates)-284(imposed)-285(themselves)-284(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-295(purer)-295(Mazdean)-294(faith,)-306(and)-295(never)-295(relaxed)-295(their)-294(hold,)-306(although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(they)-257(failed)-258(to)-257(check)-258(its)-257(development)-258(as)-257(a)-258(moral)-257(system.)-272(Ormuzd)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-247(confounded)-248(with)-247(Bel,)-248(Mithra)-247(with)-248(Shamash)-247(or)-247(the)-247(Sun-god.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-248(astral)-248(and)-248(solar)-248(lore,)-248(the)-248(faith)-248(in)-248(mystic)-248(numbers,)-248(which)-248(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-261(cultivated)-260(in)-261(Babylonia)-260(through)-261(many)-261(generations,)-263(took)-260(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(place)-364(in)-364(the)-365(theology)-364(of)-364(Mithra,)-393(and)-364(they)-364(have)-364(left)-364(their)-364(mark)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-394(many)-393(a)-394(chapel)-394(on)-393(the)-394(Danube)-394(and)-393(the)-394(Rhine.)-681(Yet)-393(Mithra,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(identified)-356(with)-356(the)-357(Sun)-356(at)-356(Babylon,)-383(was)-356(never)-356(absorbed)-356(in)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cult)-403(of)-402(the)-403(solar)-403(deity)-402(in)-403(the)-403(West.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.522 3.959 Td [(3013)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.162 -3.959 Td [(On)-403(many)-402(of)-403(the)-403(later)]TJ -183.684 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-362(Mithra)-361(and)-362(the)-361(Sun)-362(are)-361(mentioned)-362(side)-361(by)-362(side)-361(as)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([588])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(equals)-285(and)-285(allies.)-356(Yet)-285(the)-285(connection)-285(of)-285(Mithra)-285(with)-285(Babylon)-285(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-276(forgotten)-276(either)-275(by)-276(Greeks)-276(or)-275(Romans.)-328(Claudian)-275(connects)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(him)-340(with)-341(the)-340(mysteries)-341(of)-340(Bel.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.052 3.959 Td [(3014)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.125 -3.959 Td [(The)-340(priest)-341(who,)-363(with)-340(many)]TJ -159.177 -13.549 Td [(weird)-340(rites,)-363(in)-341(a)-340(waste)-341(sunless)-340(spot)-341(beside)-340(the)-340(Tigris,)-363(conducts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Menippus)-205(to)-204(the)-205(underworld,)-213(wears)-205(the)-204(dress)-205(of)-204(Media,)-214(and)-204(bears)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(name)-250(Mithrobarzanes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 113.608 3.959 Td [(3015)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -101.652 -20.903 Td [(With)-323(the)-324(destruction)-323(of)-323(the)-323(Persian)-324(empire)-323(and)-323(the)-324(diffusi)1(on)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(of)-378(Magian)-378(influence)-378(in)-378(Asia)-378(Minor,)-410(the)-378(worship)-378(arrived)-378(at)-377(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-438(stage)-438(before)-438(entering)-439(on)-438(the)-438(conquest)-438(of)-438(the)-438(West.)-814(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(monarchs)-407(of)-408(Pontus,)-446(Armenia,)-447(Cappadocia,)-446(and)-407(Commagene,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(who)-450(claimed)-449(descent)-450(from)-449(the)-450(Achaemenids,)-499(were)-450(politic)-449(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enthusiastic)-231(votaries)-231(of)-231(the)-230(religious)-231(traditions)-231(of)-231(Iran.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 234.872 3.959 Td [(3016)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.096 -3.959 Td [(While)]TJ -253.968 -13.549 Td [(they)-355(reverenced)-356(Ormuzd)-355(and)-356(Anaitis,)-381(Mithra)-356(was)-355(their)-355(special)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(patron,)-494(as)-445(he)-446(was)-445(to)-445(Artaxerxes.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.842 3.959 Td [(3017)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.557 -3.959 Td [(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.694 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-445(name)-446(appears)]TJ -209.726 -13.549 Td [(constantly)-413(in)-413(the)-412(names)-413(of)-413(royal)-413(houses,)-453(such)-413(as)-412(Mithradates)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-320(Mithrobarzanes.)-460(The)-320(inscription)-320(on)-320(the)-320(tomb)-320(of)-319(Antiochus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-437(Commagene,)-483(who)-437(boasted)-437(of)-437(his)-437(descent)-437(from)-437(Darius)-436(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.513 Td [(3013)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Donsbach,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.339 0 Td [(Die)-250(r\344umliche)-250(Verbreitung)-250(des)-250(Mithrasdienstes)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 170.846 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -225.88 -7.31 Td [(3014)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-250(Laud.)-250(Stilich.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 63.015 0 Td [(i.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -77.71 -7.395 Td [(3015)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Menippus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(,)-250(cc.)-250(6-9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.484 -7.31 Td [(3016)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(232.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3017)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.382 0 Td [(Inscr.)-250(Orient.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.803 0 Td [(i.)-250(2,)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3113 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3114 0 R /Resources 3112 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3117 0 R >> endobj 3115 0 obj << /D [3113 0 R /XYZ 46.771 369.134 null] >> endobj 3116 0 obj << /D [3113 0 R /XYZ 212.625 110.704 null] >> endobj 3112 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3120 0 obj << /Length 5105 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(710)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(son)-456(of)-456(Hystaspes,)-508(records)-456(the)-456(endowment)-456(of)-456(solemn)-456(Persian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rites,)-350(and)-330(combines)-330(the)-330(names)-330(of)-330(Ormuzd)-330(and)-330(Zeus,)-350(of)-329(Apollo)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-342(Mithra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.903 3.959 Td [(3018)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.169 -3.959 Td [(In)-342(the)-341(submergence)-342(of)-342(national)-342(barriers)-342(which)]TJ -74.072 -13.549 Td [(followed)-169(the)-168(fall)-169(of)-168(the)-169(Persian)-169(monarchy,)-185(and)-168(under)-169(the)-168(influence)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-341(Greek)-341(philosophy,)-363(that)-341(process)-340(of)-341(syncretism)-341(began)-341(in)-340(Asia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Minor)-223(which)-222(was)-223(destined)-223(to)-223(produce)-222(such)-223(momentous)-223(results)-222(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-198(third)-199(and)-198(fourth)-199(centuries.)-233(But)-198(the)-198(Mazdean)-199(faith,)-209(strong)-198(in)-198(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(associations)-174(with)-174(the)-175(ancient)-174(sources)-174(of)-174(spiritual)-174(enlightenment)-174(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-179(East,)-194(never)-179(succumbed)-179(to)-179(the)-180(western)-179(paganism.)-226(The)-179(classical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(gods)-303(might)-304(be)-303(admitted)-304(to)-303(the)-303(Mazdean)-304(heaven;)-330(Zeus)-303(might)-303(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(confounded)-427(with)-427(Ormuzd;)-516(Anai)1(tis)-427(might)-427(find)-427(an)-427(analogue)-427(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Artemis)-286(Tauropolus.)-358(But)-286(the)-286(ancient)-286(name)-286(of)-286(Mithra)-286(was)-285(never)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profaned)-422(in)-421(the)-422(liturgy)-421(by)-422(any)-422(translation.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.726 3.959 Td [(3019)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.782 -3.959 Td [(It)-422(was)-421(chiefly)]TJ -217.508 -13.549 Td [(perhaps)-414(in)-415(Phrygia)-414(and)-414(Lydia)-414(that)-415(alien)-414(worships)-414(produced)-414(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lasting)-509(effect)-509(in)-509(modifying)-508(the)-509(Persian)-509(theology.)-1027(The)-508(pure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(morality)-478(of)-478(the)-478(Mithraist)-479(creed)-478(might)-478(seem)-478(to)-478(have)-478(little)-478(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(common)-324(with)-324(the)-323(orgies)-324(of)-324(the)-324(devotees)-323(of)-324(Attis)-324(and)-324(the)-323(Great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mother.)-610(But)-369(religious)-370(sentiment)-370(has)-370(a)-370(miraculous)-370(power)-369(both)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-387(reject)-387(and)-387(to)-388(t)1(ransmute.)-662(The)-387(costume)-387(and)-387(Phrygian)-387(cap)-387(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([589])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(Attis)-347(appear)-346(on)-347(all)-346(the)-346(monuments)-347(of)-346(Mithra)-347(to)-346(the)-347(end.)-539(And,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(although)-195(it)-196(is)-195(a)-195(subject)-196(of)-195(debate,)-206(the)-196(taurobolium,)-206(that)-195(baptism)-195(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(blood)-270(which)-270(was)-270(the)-270(most)-270(impressive)-270(rite)-270(of)-270(the)-270(later)-269(paganism,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was,)-271(in)-266(all)-266(probability,)-271(early)-266(borrowed)-267(by)-266(Mithra)-267(from)-266(the)-266(ritual)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-327(Phrygia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 49.32 3.959 Td [(3020)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.686 -3.959 Td [(The)-327(pine,)-346(the)-327(emblem)-327(of)-327(immortality,)-347(which)-327(is)]TJ -71.006 -13.549 Td [(so)-355(prominent)-356(in)-355(the)-356(scenes)-355(of)-356(mourning)-355(for)-355(Attis,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 224.033 3.958 Td [(3021)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.603 -3.958 Td [(also)-355(has)]TJ -244.636 -13.55 Td [(a)-364(place)-364(in)-364(the)-364(sculptured)-364(remains)-364(of)-364(the)-364(Persian)-364(chapels.)-592(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-407(title)-408(Menotyrannus,)-446(a)-407(title)-408(of)-407(Attis,)-446(which)-408(is)-407(given)-407(to)-407(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Persian)-253(god)-254(on)-253(many)-253(slabs,)-254(recalls)-253(his)-254(passage)-253(through)-253(the)-253(same)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.269 Td [(3018)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Inscr.)-250(Grecques)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 57.268 0 Td [(,)-250(i.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -83.915 -7.311 Td [(3019)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(236.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3020)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-348(pp.)-487(31)-329(and)-329(75;)-368(R\351ville,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 124.161 0 Td [(Rel.)-486(unter)-329(den)-329(Sev.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 73.963 0 Td [(p.)-487(93;)-368(Goehler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.095 0 Td [(De)]TJ -270.175 -10.959 Td [(Matris)-250(Mag.)-250(Cultu)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 67.006 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(55;)-250(but)-250(cf.)-250(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(pp.)-250(334-5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -69.745 -7.311 Td [(3021)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(31.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3119 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3120 0 R /Resources 3118 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3117 0 R >> endobj 3121 0 obj << /D [3119 0 R /XYZ 106.254 274.29 null] >> endobj 3118 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3124 0 obj << /Length 7286 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(711)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(region.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30.6 3.959 Td [(3022)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.127 -3.959 Td [(But)-402(Greek)-401(art)-402(had)-401(a)-402(more)-402(powerful)-401(and)-402(enduring)]TJ -54.727 -13.549 Td [(effect)-493(on)-492(the)-493(future)-492(of)-493(Mithra)-492(than)-493(any)-492(of)-493(these)-492(accretions.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Probably)-418(the)-417(ancient)-418(Persian)-417(faith)-418(recoiled)-417(from)-418(any)-417(material)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(image)-304(of)-304(its)-304(divine)-304(powers,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.825 3.958 Td [(3023)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.901 -3.958 Td [(although)-304(here)-304(also)-304(Assyria)-304(may)]TJ -140.726 -13.55 Td [(have)-276(corrupted)-275(its)-276(purity.)-326(But)-276(when)-275(Hellenic)-276(imagination)-275(began)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-364(play)-364(around)-364(the)-364(Mazdean)-364(gods,)-392(the)-364(result)-364(was)-364(certain.)-592(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(victorious)-281(Mithra)-280(was)-281(clothed)-280(with)-281(human)-280(form,)-288(and)-281(his)-280(legend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-203(fixed)-202(for)-203(ever)-203(by)-203(some)-202(nameless)-203(Pergamene)-203(artist,)-212(who)-202(drew)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-377(inspiration)-377(from)-376(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 110.381 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(steer-slaying)-377(Victory)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 93.183 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.954 0 Td [(of)-377(Athens.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 46.831 3.958 Td [(3024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-367(group)-367(in)-367(which)-367(the)-367(youthful)-367(hero,)-396(his)-367(mantle)-367(blown)-367(back)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-326(the)-326(wind,)-345(with)-326(a)-326(Phrygian)-326(cap)-326(upon)-326(his)-326(head,)-345(kneels)-326(on)-325(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shoulder)-226(of)-226(the)-226(bull,)-231(as)-227(he)-226(buries)-226(his)-226(poniard)-226(in)-226(its)-226(throat,)-231(was)-226(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(four)-341(centuries)-341(reproduced)-342(in)-341(countless)-341(chapels)-341(from)-341(the)-341(mouth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-332(the)-332(Danube)-332(to)-332(the)-332(Solway.)-496(That)-332(symbolic)-332(scene,)-352(conveying)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(so)-361(many)-362(meanings)-361(in)-362(its)-361(hieratic)-362(rigidity,)-389(became)-362(to)-361(the)-361(pious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithraist)-293(what)-294(the)-293(image)-293(of)-294(the)-293(Divine)-293(Figure)-294(on)-293(the)-293(Cross)-293(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-250(for)-250(so)-250(many)-250(centuries)-250(to)-250(the)-250(devout)-250(Catholic.)]TJ 11.956 -14.33 Td [(The)-274(revelation)-275(of)-274(the)-274(spread)-275(of)-274(Mithra)-274(worship)-275(in)-274(the)-274(Roman)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Empire)-325(is)-325(one)-325(of)-324(the)-325(greatest)-325(triumphs)-325(of)-325(modern)-324(archaeology.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Only)-234(faint)-233(notices)-234(of)-233(the)-234(cult)-234(are)-233(found)-234(in)-234(Herodotus,)-236(Xenophon,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-401(Strabo.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 51.341 3.959 Td [(3025)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.115 -3.959 Td [(Quintus)-401(Curtius)-401(knew)-402(the)-401(Persian)-401(god)-401(as)-402(the)]TJ -75.456 -13.549 Td [(soldier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.695 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-391(special)-391(patron,)-426(inspiring)-391(courage)-391(in)-391(battle.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.884 3.958 Td [(3026)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.778 -3.958 Td [(From)]TJ -256.99 -13.55 Td [(the)-384(verses)-385(in)-384(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 79.181 0 Td [(Thebaid)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.953 0 Td [(of)-384(Statius)-385(we)-384(may)-384(conclude)-385(that)-384(he)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.89 0 Td [([590])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(knew)-425(something)-425(of)-424(the)-425(service)-425(in)-425(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 188.384 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-425(grottoes,)-468(and)-425(that)]TJ -192.016 -13.549 Td [(he)-373(had)-372(seen)-373(the)-373(figure)-372(of)-373(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 135.692 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(bull)-373(slaying)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.556 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.908 0 Td [(god.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 19.091 3.959 Td [(3027)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.179 -3.959 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ -244.27 -13.549 Td [(knows)-177(Mithra)-177(as)-177(the)-177(mediator)-177(between)-177(Ormuzd)-178(and)-177(Ahriman.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3028)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Lucian)-372(had)-372(probably)-373(seen)-372(the)-372(rites)-372(in)-373(his)-372(native)-372(Samosata;)-433(he)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.711 Td [(3022)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(508,)-250(511;)-250(cf.)-250(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(235.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(3023)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Strab.)-543(xv.)-543(3,)-373(\247)-347(13)-348(\050732\051,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 96.866 0 Td [(\240\255\301\303\261\271)-348(\304\277\257\275\305\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 56.152 0 Td [(\000)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.708 0 Td [(\263\254\273\274\261\304\261)-348(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 39.754 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\275)-348(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.944 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.754 0 Td [(\262\311\274\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 20.04 0 Td [(z)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\302)-348(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.241 0 Td [(P)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\307)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf -276.272 -10.959 Td [(1)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\264\301\315\277\275\304\261\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.578 0 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.967 0 Td [(\304\271\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.324 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\303\271)-250(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 13.459 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.007 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.281 0 Td [(v)-250(-)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 13.629 0 Td [(\273\271\277\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.623 0 Td [(C)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\272\261\273\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 25.267 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\271)-250(\234\257\270\301\261\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.04 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -217.484 -7.311 Td [(3024)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(pp.)-250(181,)-250(237.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(3025)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herod.)-250(i.)-250(131;)-250(Xen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 71.471 0 Td [(Cyrop.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(vii.)-250(5,)-250(53;)-250(Strab.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 60.03 0 Td [(l.c.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -173.095 -7.311 Td [(3026)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Q.)-250(Curt.)-250(iv.)-250(13,)-250(\247)-250(48.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3027)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Stat.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.435 0 Td [(Theb.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(i.)-250(717;)-250(cf.)-250(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.991 0 Td [(Textes)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(47.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -148.446 -7.311 Td [(3028)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)-250(et)-250(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(46.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3123 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3124 0 R /Resources 3122 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3117 0 R >> endobj 3125 0 obj << /D [3123 0 R /XYZ 229.995 219.312 null] >> endobj 3122 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3128 0 obj << /Length 5701 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(712)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(knew)-335(the)-336(figure)-335(with)-335(the)-335(candys)-336(and)-335(tiara,)-356(and,)-357(from)-335(the)-335(sneer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-271(the)-270(god)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.477 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-271(ignorance)-270(of)-271(Greek,)-276(he)-270(may)-271(perhaps)-271(have)-270(heard)-271(the)]TJ -47.109 -13.549 Td [(old)-284(Mazdean)-285(litany.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 87.709 3.959 Td [(3029)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.293 -3.959 Td [(But)-284(he)-285(had)-284(probably)-285(little)-284(notion)-285(of)-284(the)]TJ -108.002 -13.549 Td [(hold)-309(which)-310(Mithra)-309(had)-310(already)-309(obtained)-309(on)-310(the)-309(farthest)-309(regions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-228(the)-228(West.)-242(Still)-228(less)-228(had)-228(he)-228(any)-227(prevision)-228(of)-228(his)-228(great)-228(destiny)-227(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-293(third)-292(and)-293(fourth)-292(centuries.)-378(Literature,)-303(down)-292(to)-293(the)-292(Antonine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(age,)-232(teaches)-228(us)-227(little)-228(of)-228(the)-227(character)-228(and)-228(strength)-227(of)-228(the)-227(worship.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Without)-349(votive)-349(inscriptions)-349(and)-350(the)-349(many)-349(ruins)-349(of)-349(his)-349(chapels,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(along)-277(with)-276(the)-277(indignant,)-283(yet)-277(anxious,)-283(invective)-277(of)-277(the)-276(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(apologists,)-371(we)-347(should)-347(never)-346(have)-347(known)-347(how)-347(near)-347(the)-346(Persian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(god)-250(came)-250(to)-250(justifying)-250(his)-250(title)-250(of)-250(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 163.636 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Unconquered.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 61.494 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -218.018 -18.007 Td [(It)-360(is)-361(impossible)-360(to)-361(fix)-360(the)-360(precise)-361(date)-360(when)-361(the)-360(worship)-360(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Mithra)-453(first)-454(crossed)-453(the)-454(Aegean.)-860(The)-454(silence)-453(of)-453(inscriptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-301(not)-302(indeed)-301(be)-302(taken)-301(as)-301(proving)-302(that)-301(he)-301(had)-302(no)-301(devotees)-301(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Italy)-397(before)-397(the)-397(Flavian)-398(age.)-691(A)-397(famous)-397(passage)-397(in)-397(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.386 -13.55 Td [(life)-334(of)-334(Pompey)-334(would)-335(seem)-334(to)-334(refer)-334(the)-334(first)-334(appearance)-334(of)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worship)-425(in)-424(the)-425(West)-425(to)-424(the)-425(conquest)-425(of)-424(the)-425(pirates)-425(of)-424(Cilicia)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-542(Pompey,)-614(in)-542(70)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 93.228 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 15.074 3.959 Td [(3030)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.348 -3.959 Td [(A)-541(religion)-542(of)-542(the)-542(alien)-541(and)-542(the)]TJ -130.65 -13.549 Td [(slave)-495(may)-495(well)-495(have)-495(been)-495(long)-495(domiciled)-495(in)-495(Italy)-495(before)-495(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attracted)-493(general)-492(notice.)-978(And)-492(there)-493(may)-492(have)-493(been)-492(humble)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worshippers)-359(of)-359(Mithra)-359(at)-359(Rome)-359(or)-359(Puteoli)-359(even)-359(in)-359(the)-359(days)-359(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Julius)-311(Caesar.)-433(The)-311(Mithraist)-311(inscription)-311(of)-311(the)-311(time)-311(of)-310(Tiberius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-395(now)-395(admitted)-395(to)-396(be)-395(a)-395(forgery.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 148.568 3.959 Td [(3031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.915 -3.959 Td [(But)-395(from)-395(his)-395(reign)-395(may)]TJ -172.483 -13.549 Td [(probably)-387(be)-387(dated)-387(the)-387(first)-388(serious)-387(inroads)-387(of)-387(the)-387(cult.)-661(Under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tiberius,)-192(Cappadocia)-178(was)-178(incorporated)-177(in)-178(the)-178(Empire,)-192(and)-177(Pontus)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-288(Nero;)-306(Commagene,)-297(the)-288(home)-288(of)-288(Jupiter)-287(Dolichenus,)-297(who)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-334(a)-335(firm)-334(ally)-335(of)-334(Mithra,)-356(was)-334(finally)-335(absorbed)-334(in)-335(the)-334(reign)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 47.564 3.959 Td [(3032)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.91 -3.959 Td [(The)-180(official)-180(organisation)-180(of)-179(these)-180(districts,)-194(and)-180(the)]TJ -66.474 -13.549 Td [(constant)-239(intercourse)-239(established)-240(between)-239(central)-239(Asia)-239(Minor)-239(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.269 Td [(3029)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.425 0 Td [(Deor.)-250(Concil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.306 0 Td [(c.)-250(9;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.682 0 Td [(Menippus)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.363 0 Td [(,)-250(c.)-250(6)-250(sqq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 39.102 0 Td [(Jup.)-250(Trag.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.354 0 Td [(c.)-250(8.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -215.927 -7.311 Td [(3030)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Pomp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.401 0 Td [(c.)-250(24.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.033 -7.31 Td [(3031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(5844.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -52.049 -7.311 Td [(3032)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-257(Intr.)-266(p.)-267(243,)-257(n.)-266(3;)-258(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 114.607 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.977 0 Td [(ii.)-266(42;)-259(D.)-255(Cass.)-267(lvii.)-266(17;)-258(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 106.905 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.963 0 Td [(c.)]TJ -274.407 -10.959 Td [(8.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3127 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3128 0 R /Resources 3126 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3117 0 R >> endobj 3126 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3131 0 obj << /Length 5908 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(713)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-232(capital,)-235(must)-232(have)-232(opened)-231(many)-232(channels)-232(for)-232(the)-231(importation)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-400(new)-400(forms)-400(of)-400(devotion)-400(from)-400(the)-400(East.)-700(Almost)-400(in)-400(the)-399(very)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([591])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(year)-389(in)-390(which)-389(Statius)-389(was)-390(penning)-389(his)-389(verses)-390(about)-389(Mithra)-389(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 16.335 0 Td [(Thebaid)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.76 0 Td [(,)-282(a)-275(freedman)-275(of)-276(the)-275(Flavian)-276(house)-275(erected)-275(a)-276(tablet)-275(to)]TJ -52.095 -13.55 Td [(the)-270(god)-269(on)-270(the)-269(Esquiline,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.641 3.959 Td [(3033)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.433 -3.959 Td [(and)-270(soldiers)-269(of)-270(the)-269(East)-270(carried)-270(his)]TJ -129.074 -13.549 Td [(mysteries)-282(to)-282(the)-283(camps)-282(on)-282(the)-282(Danube.)-347(The)-282(15th)-282(Legion,)-290(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-214(fought)-213(under)-214(Corbulo)-214(against)-214(the)-213(Parthians,)-221(and)-214(taken)-214(part)-213(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-245(conquest)-244(of)-245(Palestine)-244(in)-245(70)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 135.994 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-246(in)-244(the)-245(first)-244(years)-245(of)-244(the)-245(reign)]TJ -151.972 -13.549 Td [(of)-355(Vespasian,)-381(established)-355(the)-355(worship)-355(of)-355(Mithra)-355(at)-355(Carnuntum)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-263(Pannonia,)-266(which)-263(became)-263(henceforth)-263(the)-263(sacred)-263(city)-263(of)-262(Mithra)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-360(the)-359(West.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.808 3.959 Td [(3034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.751 -3.959 Td [(In)-359(102)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 33.295 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.9 0 Td [(a)-360(marble)-359(group)-360(was)-359(dedicated)-360(by)]TJ -130.754 -13.549 Td [(the)-259(slave)-259(of)-258(a)-259(praetorian)-259(prefect)-258(of)-259(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 184.235 3.959 Td [(3035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.451 -3.959 Td [(It)-259(is)-258(probable)-259(that)]TJ -203.686 -13.549 Td [(at)-296(Ostia)-296(we)-295(have)-296(records)-296(of)-296(the)-295(cult)-296(from)-296(the)-296(year)-295(162.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 243.003 3.959 Td [(3036)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.664 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(Mithraeum,)-280(found)-275(under)-274(the)-274(church)-275(of)-274(S.)-274(Clement)-275(at)-274(Rome,)-280(has)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(yielded)-308(an)-308(inscription)-309(of)-308(the)-308(last)-308(years)-308(of)-309(Antoninus)-308(Pius.)-424(That)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(emperor)-229(erected)-229(a)-230(temple)-229(to)-229(Mithra)-229(at)-229(Ostia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 191.697 3.959 Td [(3037)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.09 -3.959 Td [(Rome)-229(and)-229(Ostia)]TJ -210.787 -13.549 Td [(were)-273(probably)-273(the)-273(earliest)-272(points)-273(in)-273(Italy)-273(invaded)-273(by)-273(the)-272(Persian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worship.)-782(All)-428(the)-427(conditions)-427(were)-428(favourable)-427(to)-428(an)-427(early)-427(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rapid)-250(propagation)-251(of)-250(the)-251(cult)-250(in)-251(the)-250(capital)-250(of)-251(the)-250(world.)-251(Soldiers)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-330(the)-329(East)-330(would)-329(be)-330(serving)-330(in)-329(the)-330(garrison,)-349(or)-330(settled)-329(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-412(release)-413(from)-412(service.)-737(Eastern)-413(slaves)-412(swarmed)-413(in)-412(all)-412(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-307(houses,)-322(including)-308(that)-307(of)-307(the)-308(emperor.)-422(A)-307(large)-307(proportion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-379(the)-379(dedications)-379(are)-379(made)-379(by)-379(men)-379(of)-379(servile)-379(origin,)-411(and)-379(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(very)-362(name)-362(of)-362(the)-361(dedicator)-362(would)-362(often)-362(be)-362(enough)-362(to)-361(indicate)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-268(nationality.)-303(More)-267(than)-268(100)-268(inscripti)1(ons,)-273(more)-267(than)-268(75)-267(pieces)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-416(Mithraist)-416(sculpture,)-457(with)-416(the)-415(ruins)-416(of)-416(many)-416(chapels)-416(of)-415(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(god,)-456(attest)-416(his)-415(powerful)-415(influence)-415(at)-415(Rome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.113 3.959 Td [(3038)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.57 -3.959 Td [(Ostia)-415(which,)]TJ -223.683 -13.549 Td [(since)-385(the)-385(reconstruction)-385(of)-385(Trajan,)-419(had)-385(overshadowed)-385(Puteoli,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.445 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.633 Td [(3033)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.749 0 Td [(vi.)-244(732.)-243(On)-232(the)-231(date)-231(of)-231(the)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 94.92 0 Td [(Thebaid)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(,)-235(cf.)-244(Teuffel,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.478 0 Td [(Rom.)-244(Lit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.147 0 Td [(\247)-231(316,)-235(n.)-244(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -243.381 -7.311 Td [(3034)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(253;)-250(cf.)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 107.336 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(xiii.)-250(35.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -140.959 -7.394 Td [(3035)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(718,)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 29.392 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.219 0 Td [(102.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.224 -7.311 Td [(3036)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(265,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.711 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(No.)-250(133.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -115.315 -7.31 Td [(3037)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(81.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3038)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(274,)-250(n.)-250(6.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3130 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3131 0 R /Resources 3129 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3117 0 R >> endobj 3132 0 obj << /D [3130 0 R /XYZ 112.574 504.626 null] >> endobj 3129 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3135 0 obj << /Length 5424 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(714)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(was)-348(hospitable)-348(to)-349(all)-348(alien)-348(rites.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 142.92 3.959 Td [(3039)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.379 -3.959 Td [(The)-348(port)-348(had)-349(at)-348(least)-348(four)]TJ -165.299 -13.549 Td [(temples)-300(of)-300(Mithra)-299(in)-300(the)-300(second)-300(century,)-312(and)-300(it)-300(is)-300(significant)-299(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-341(alliance)-341(between)-341(the)-340(two)-341(worships,)-364(that)-341(a)-341(Mithraeum)-340(there)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-423(built)-423(close)-422(to)-423(a)-423(shrine)-423(of)-422(the)-423(Great)-423(Mother,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 222.38 3.958 Td [(3040)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.522 -3.958 Td [(and)-423(that)]TJ -243.902 -13.55 Td [(members)-438(of)-439(the)-438(college)-438(of)-439(the)-438(Dendrophori)-438(sometimes)-438(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offerings)-380(and)-381(dedications)-380(to)-381(Mithra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 162.336 3.959 Td [(3041)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.436 -3.959 Td [(The)-380(remains)-381(at)-380(Ostia)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -258.528 0 Td [([592])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(disclose)-209(some)-209(other)-209(indications)-209(of)-209(the)-209(prevailing)-209(syncretism.)-236(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-258(Sylvanus)-259(has)-258(a)-259(niche)-258(in)-259(one)-258(Mithraeum,)-261(and,)-260(in)-258(another,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Saturn)-225(and)-224(Jupiter,)-230(Mars,)-229(Mercury)-225(and)-225(Venus,)-229(are)-225(figured)-224(beside)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-359(purely)-359(Eastern)-359(symbols)-359(of)-359(the)-359(planets)-359(and)-359(the)-359(signs)-359(of)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(zodiac.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 31.2 3.959 Td [(3042)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -19.245 -21.984 Td [(The)-247(inner)-247(secret)-247(of)-246(that)-247(rapid)-247(propaganda)-247(we)-247(shall)-247(never)-247(fully)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(know.)-752(But)-417(we)-417(can)-417(discover)-418(with)-417(tolerable)-417(certainty)-417(the)-417(kind)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-329(people)-329(who)-329(carried)-328(the)-329(gospel)-329(of)-329(Mithra)-329(to)-329(the)-329(most)-328(remote)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(parts)-318(of)-317(the)-318(western)-318(world.)-453(The)-318(soldiers)-317(were)-318(his)-318(most)-317(zealous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(missionaries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 57.273 3.959 Td [(3043)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.826 -3.959 Td [(Drafted)-270(from)-270(Cappadocia)-271(or)-270(Commagene,)-275(and)]TJ -77.099 -13.549 Td [(quartered,)-269(far)-265(from)-265(his)-265(home,)-268(in)-265(a)-265(camp)-265(on)-265(the)-265(Danube)-265(or)-265(in)-265(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Black)-372(Forest,)-403(the)-373(legionary)-372(clung)-373(to)-372(the)-372(worship)-373(of)-372(his)-372(native)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(East,)-368(and)-344(was)-344(eager)-345(to)-344(admit)-344(his)-344(comrades)-345(to)-344(fellowship)-344(in)-344(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rites.)-828(The)-443(appearance)-443(of)-443(Mithraism)-442(in)-443(certain)-443(places)-443(can)-442(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(traced)-456(directly)-457(to)-456(the)-456(quartering)-457(of)-456(a)-456(legion)-457(which)-456(had)-456(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recruited)-234(from)-234(the)-234(countries)-235(which)-234(were)-234(the)-234(original)-234(home)-234(of)-234(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worship.)-239(Officers)-218(of)-217(eastern)-217(birth)-218(on)-217(promotion)-218(passed)-217(into)-217(other)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(corps,)-419(and)-386(extended)-385(the)-386(influence)-385(of)-386(the)-385(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.151 3.959 Td [(3044)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.599 -3.959 Td [(Centurions)]TJ -232.75 -13.549 Td [(retiring)-383(from)-383(active)-383(service)-383(became)-383(apostles)-383(of)-383(the)-382(movement)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-367(the)-367(places)-366(where)-367(they)-367(settled.)-600(Syrian)-367(merchants,)-396(who)-366(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(still)-329(found)-330(at)-329(Orleans)-329(in)-330(the)-329(time)-329(of)-330(the)-329(Merovingians,)-349(with)-329(all)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(fanaticism)-297(of)-297(their)-297(race)-297(popularised)-297(their)-297(native)-297(worships)-297(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.549 Td [(3039)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(275;)-250(Donsbach,)-250(pp.)-250(15-17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(3040)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(p.)-250(265,)-250(n.)-250(4;)-250(cf.)-250(p.)-250(333.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3041)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.667 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 4.735 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(510;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.642 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6040.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -141.963 -7.311 Td [(3042)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(17.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3043)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(246)-250(sq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3044)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(258,)-250(n.)-250(8;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.533 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(5855,)-250(1916,)-250(1917,)-250(1922.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3134 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3135 0 R /Resources 3133 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3117 0 R >> endobj 3136 0 obj << /D [3134 0 R /XYZ 279.315 450.429 null] >> endobj 3133 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3139 0 obj << /Length 5488 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(715)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-397(ports)-397(of)-397(Italy,)-434(Gaul,)-434(along)-397(the)-397(coasts)-397(of)-397(the)-398(Adriatic,)-433(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-242(the)-242(centres)-241(of)-242(commerce)-242(on)-242(the)-241(Danube)-242(or)-242(the)-242(Rhine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3045)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-371(civil)-371(servants)-371(of)-371(the)-371(emperor,)-401(clerks)-371(and)-371(commissaries)-370(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(every)-289(degree,)-299(procurators)-289(and)-290(agents)-289(of)-289(great)-289(estates,)-299(who)-289(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(often)-340(men)-339(of)-340(servile)-340(origin,)-362(have)-339(left)-340(many)-340(traces)-339(of)-340(their)-339(zeal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-383(spreading)-383(the)-384(Persian)-383(worship)-383(both)-383(throughout)-383(Italy)-383(and)-383(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(countries)-294(north)-294(of)-294(the)-294(Alps.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 121.599 3.959 Td [(3046)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.602 -3.959 Td [(The)-294(slave)-294(class)-294(probably)-293(did)-294(as)]TJ -142.201 -13.549 Td [(much)-378(for)-378(the)-379(glory)-378(of)-378(Mithra)-378(as)-378(any)-379(other.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.094 3.959 Td [(3047)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.361 -3.959 Td [(It)-378(was)-378(largely)]TJ -218.455 -13.549 Td [(drawn)-473(from)-473(Cappadocia,)-528(Pontus,)-529(and)-473(Phrygia,)-529(those)-472(regions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(where)-228(the)-228(religion)-228(of)-228(Mithra)-228(had)-228(taken)-228(deep)-228(root)-228(before)-228(it)-228(passed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-268(Europe.)-305(And,)-272(like)-268(the)-268(Christian,)-273(the)-268(religion)-268(of)-268(Mithra)-268(was,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-311(the)-310(outset)-311(of)-310(its)-311(career,)-325(a)-311(religion)-311(of)-310(the)-311(poor)-310(and)-311(humble.)-431(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-309(only)-308(in)-309(the)-309(second)-308(century)-309(that)-309(it)-308(achieved)-309(the)-309(conquest)-308(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-188(court)-189(and)-188(the)-188(educated)-189(classes.)-229(It)-188(was)-189(probably)-188(through)-188(slaves)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(that)-301(it)-302(found)-301(its)-301(way)-301(into)-302(remote)-301(corners)-301(of)-301(Apulia,)-314(Lucania,)-314(or)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([593])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.549 Td [(Etruria.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 33.021 3.959 Td [(3048)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -21.066 -18.221 Td [(The)-235(stages)-236(in)-235(the)-235(spread)-236(of)-235(the)-235(Mithraist)-236(rites)-235(throughout)-235(Italy)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(cannot)-438(be)-438(clearly)-438(traced.)-815(But)-438(in)-438(the)-438(second)-438(century)-438(the)-438(cult)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(was)-296(established)-296(not)-297(only)-296(in)-296(Campania,)-308(Capreae,)-307(and)-297(Ischia,)-307(but)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-432(lonely)-431(country)-432(places)-432(in)-431(Southern)-432(Italy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.208 3.959 Td [(3049)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.112 -3.959 Td [(It)-432(had)-431(spread)]TJ -220.32 -13.549 Td [(to)-352(a)-352(circle)-352(of)-352(towns)-352(around)-352(Rome)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.108 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Lanuvium,)-378(Alba,)-377(Velitrae,)]TJ -163.017 -13.549 Td [(Labici,)-280(and)-274(Praeneste.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.926 3.959 Td [(3050)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.949 -3.959 Td [(Borne)-274(by)-274(traders,)-280(imperial)-274(officers)-274(or)]TJ -116.875 -13.549 Td [(slaves,)-304(it)-293(followed)-294(the)-293(line)-293(of)-293(the)-294(great)-293(roads)-293(to)-293(the)-294(north.)-379(Thus)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(we)-310(can)-310(trace)-310(its)-310(march)-310(along)-310(the)-310(Via)-310(Cassia)-310(through)-309(Etruria,)-325(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Volsinii,)-280(Arretium,)-279(and)-274(Florence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 146.343 3.959 Td [(3051)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.941 -3.959 Td [(It)-274(arrived)-273(at)-274(Pisa)-274(probably)]TJ -166.284 -13.549 Td [(by)-323(sea.)-469(Along)-323(the)-323(Flaminian)-322(Way,)-342(it)-323(may)-323(be)-322(followed)-323(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Interamna,)-315(Spoletium,)-315(and)-302(Sentinum)-302(to)-302(Bononia.)-406(At)-302(Nersae,)-315(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.691 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.795 Td [(3045)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(263.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3046)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(3960,)-250(4797,)-250(5620,)-250(4802;)-250(vi.)-250(721.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(3047)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(265.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3048)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-391(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.626 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.331 0 Td [(150,)-309(sagaris)-297(actor;)-321(cf.)-391(the)-297(list)-297(of)-297(the)-297(Cultores)-297(Mithrae,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -83.912 -10.959 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(xi.)-250(5737.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -25.658 -7.31 Td [(3049)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p)-250(268;)-250(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(3050)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(268.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(3051)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(19.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3138 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3139 0 R /Resources 3137 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3141 0 R >> endobj 3140 0 obj << /D [3138 0 R /XYZ 66.421 328.486 null] >> endobj 3137 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3144 0 obj << /Length 5483 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(716)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-264(Aequian)-264(territory,)-268(the)-264(cult)-264(must)-264(have)-264(been)-264(of)-264(some)-264(antiquity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-439(172)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 34.439 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 15.978 3.959 Td [(3052)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.232 -3.959 Td [(For,)-487(in)-439(that)-440(year)-439(the)-440(treasurer)-439(of)-439(the)-440(town,)-487(a)]TJ -71.649 -13.549 Td [(man)-394(probably)-395(of)-394(the)-395(slave)-394(class,)-431(restored)-394(a)-395(chapel)-394(which)-394(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fallen)-340(into)-340(ruins.)-521(The)-340(roll)-340(of)-340(the)-340(patrons)-340(of)-340(a)-340(Mithraist)-340(society)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(at)-423(Sentinum)-423(has)-424(come)-423(down)-423(to)-423(us,)-467(with)-423(the)-423(names)-423(of)-423(slaves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-425(freedmen)-425(among)-425(its)-424(members.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.543 3.959 Td [(3053)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.888 -3.959 Td [(In)-425(Gallia)-425(Cisalpina)-425(the)]TJ -176.431 -13.549 Td [(traces)-282(of)-283(Mithra)-282(are)-282(less)-283(frequent.)-347(Milan,)-290(already)-283(growing)-282(to)-282(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-351(destiny)-352(in)-351(the)-351(fourth)-351(century,)-377(and)-351(Aquileia,)-377(are)-351(the)-351(chief)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seats)-359(of)-360(the)-359(Persian)-360(cult)1(.)-579(Aquileia)-359(has)-359(yielded)-360(a)-359(large)-359(number)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-285(inscriptions.)-356(From)-285(its)-285(situation)-285(at)-286(the)-285(mouth)-285(of)-285(the)-285(Po,)-294(as)-285(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 23.575 0 Td [(entrep\364t)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 38.128 0 Td [(for)-162(the)-162(trade)-162(between)-162(the)-162(Adriatic)-162(and)-162(the)-162(Danubian)]TJ -61.703 -13.549 Td [(provinces,)-398(it)-368(must)-369(have)-368(powerfully)-368(stimulated)-369(the)-368(diffusion)-368(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-372(worship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 55.267 3.959 Td [(3054)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.163 -3.959 Td [(It)-372(is)-372(curious,)-403(however,)-403(that)-372(the)-372(passes)-372(of)-372(the)]TJ -78.43 -13.549 Td [(Alps)-362(have)-361(yielded)-362(richer)-361(booty)-362(to)-361(the)-362(investigator)-361(in)-362(this)-361(field)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(than)-271(the)-271(plains)-272(of)-271(Lombardy.)-313(In)-272(the)-271(mountain)-271(valleys)-271(leading)-271(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Rhaetia)-243(and)-243(Noricum,)-244(as)-243(well)-243(as)-243(in)-243(those)-243(above)-243(the)-243(Italian)-242(lakes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-262(relics)-262(of)-262(this)-261(far-spreading)-262(religion)-262(have)-262(been)-262(given)-262(to)-261(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(light.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 22.735 3.959 Td [(3055)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.72 -3.959 Td [(A)-358(temple)-359(of)-359(Mithra)-358(has)-359(been)-359(discovered)-358(near)-359(Trent,)]TJ -45.455 -13.549 Td [(in)-387(the)-388(valley)-387(of)-387(the)-387(Adige.)-662(In)-387(the)-388(Tyrol)-387(and)-387(Carinthia)-387(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grottoes,)-431(buried)-394(among)-395(woods)-394(and)-395(rocks,)-430(have)-395(disclosed)-394(bas-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reliefs,)-217(sculptured)-208(with)-208(the)-208(traditionary)-208(figures)-208(of)-208(Persian)-208(legend.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([594])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(They)-245(were)-246(probably)-245(frequented)-245(by)-245(the)-245(faithful)-246(down)-245(to)-245(the)-245(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-274(Valentinian.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.706 3.959 Td [(3056)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.954 -3.959 Td [(Throughout)-274(Noricum)-274(and)-274(Pannonia)-274(imperial)]TJ -85.66 -13.549 Td [(functionaries)-299(or)-300(agents)-299(of)-300(private)-299(enterprise,)-312(procurators,)-311(clerks)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-303(the)-304(treasury,)-317(custom-house)-303(officers,)-317(or)-304(eastern)-303(freedmen)-303(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(slaves,)-451(have)-410(left)-411(many)-410(traces)-411(of)-410(their)-411(devotion)-410(to)-411(the)-410(Persian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(god.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 19.091 3.959 Td [(3057)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.058 -3.959 Td [(Thus,)-284(everywhere)-277(along)-278(the)-277(great)-277(roads)-278(which)-277(radiated)]TJ -39.149 -13.549 Td [(from)-276(Aquileia)-275(to)-276(the)-276(markets)-275(or)-276(strong)-276(places)-275(upon)-276(the)-275(Danube,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.864 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.968 Td [(3052)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.676 0 Td [(ix.)-250(4109,)-250(4110.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -35.371 -7.395 Td [(3053)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(xi.)-250(5737.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.394 Td [(3054)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(20;)-250(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(266.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(3055)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(269.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(3056)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.381 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(237,)-250(239;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.117 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(408.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -128.021 -7.394 Td [(3057)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(3480,)-250(3479,)-250(4796,)-250(4797,)-250(5121.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3143 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3144 0 R /Resources 3142 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3141 0 R >> endobj 3145 0 obj << /D [3143 0 R /XYZ 307.975 247.191 null] >> endobj 3142 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3148 0 obj << /Length 5066 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(717)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-389(votary)-390(of)-389(Mithra)-389(would)-390(find)-389(in)-389(the)-390(days)-389(of)-389(the)-389(Antonines)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-404(a)-404(shrine,)-443(stately)-404(or)-404(humble,)-443(where)-404(he)-404(could)-404(refresh)-404(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(piety)-250(by)-250(the)-250(way.)]TJ 11.956 -17.949 Td [(The)-317(Greek)-318(provinces)-317(have)-318(yielded)-317(but)-317(few)-318(memorials)-317(of)-317(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(worship)-353(of)-353(Mithra.)-559(But,)-379(from)-353(the)-353(mouth)-353(of)-353(the)-353(Danube)-353(to)-353(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(north)-280(of)-281(England)-280(his)-281(triumphant)-280(march)-280(can)-281(be)-280(traced,)-288(with)-280(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-325(break)-324(here)-325(and)-325(there.)-474(He)-325(follows)-324(the)-325(line)-325(of)-324(the)-325(rivers)-325(or)-324(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-281(roads,)-288(through)-280(the)-281(frontier)-281(camps)-280(or)-281(the)-280(centres)-281(of)-280(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commerce.)-661(Firmly)-387(seated)-387(at)-387(Tomi)-387(and)-387(the)-387(ports)-387(of)-387(the)-387(Black)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Sea,)-369(Mithra)-344(has)-345(not)-345(left)-345(many)-345(traces,)-368(so)-345(far)-345(as)-345(exploration)-344(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gone,)-231(in)-226(Thrace)-225(and)-226(Macedonia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 139.563 3.959 Td [(3058)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.078 -3.959 Td [(Nor)-226(have)-226(the)-226(Moesias)-225(as)-226(yet)]TJ -158.641 -13.549 Td [(contributed)-214(many)-214(monuments,)-221(although)-214(at)-214(Troesmis)-214(and)-213(Oescus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(along)-362(the)-362(great)-362(military)-362(road,)-390(bas-reliefs)-362(and)-362(inscriptions)-361(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-406(brought)-407(to)-406(light.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 99.055 3.958 Td [(3059)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.281 -3.958 Td [(Next)-406(to)-407(Pannonia)-406(and)-406(the)-407(territory)]TJ -123.336 -13.55 Td [(of)-365(the)-365(Upper)-365(Rhine,)-394(Dacia)-365(was)-365(the)-365(province)-365(where)-364(Mithraism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seems)-326(to)-326(have)-325(reached)-326(its)-326(greatest)-326(popularity)-325(in)-326(Europe.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.897 3.959 Td [(3060)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.646 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(year)-277(107,)-285(after)-278(six)-278(desolating)-277(and)-278(often)-278(doubtful)-277(campaigns,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dacia)-231(was)-232(resettled)-231(and)-231(organised)-231(by)-232(Trajan.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 194.777 3.959 Td [(3061)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.098 -3.959 Td [(Its)-231(depopulated)]TJ -213.875 -13.549 Td [(fields)-206(were)-206(colonised)-206(with)-207(immense)-206(masses)-206(of)-206(men)-206(from)-206(all)-206(parts)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-392(the)-391(Roman)-392(world.)-675(Probably)-392(there)-392(has)-391(seldom)-392(been)-392(such)-391(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(colluvies)-359(gentium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 81.757 0 Td [(assembled.)-576(And,)-386(among)-359(these)-358(alien)-359(settlers,)]TJ -81.757 -13.549 Td [(there)-400(were)-400(many)-400(from)-400(Edessa,)-437(Palmyra,)-438(and)-400(those)-400(regions)-399(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-378(East)-379(where)-378(Mithra)-379(or)-378(his)-379(kindred)-378(deities)-379(had)-378(their)-378(earliest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-258(most)-257(fervent)-258(worshippers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 132.347 3.959 Td [(3062)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.414 -3.959 Td [(In)-258(the)-257(capital)-258(of)-257(the)-258(province,)]TJ -151.761 -13.549 Td [(Sarmizegetusa,)-319(an)-305(excavated)-305(Mithraeum)-305(has)-305(afforded)-305(fifty)-304(bas-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(reliefs)-250(and)-250(inscriptions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 102.106 3.959 Td [(3063)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.165 -3.959 Td [(The)-250(colony)-250(of)-249(Apulum)-250(can)-250(show)-250(the)]TJ -121.271 -13.549 Td [(remains)-283(of)-283(at)-283(least)-283(four)-283(temples.)-349(And)-283(Potaissa)-283(and)-283(other)-282(places,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-248(names)-247(strange)-248(to)-247(English)-248(ears,)-248(have)-247(enriched)-248(the)-247(museums.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([595])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.529 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.633 Td [(3058)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(21.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(3059)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(249;)-250(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3060)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(250.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3061)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Eutrop.)-250(viii.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3062)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(247,)-250(n.)-250(6.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3063)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(251,)-250(n.)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3147 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3148 0 R /Resources 3146 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3141 0 R >> endobj 3149 0 obj << /D [3147 0 R /XYZ 46.771 145.569 null] >> endobj 3146 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3152 0 obj << /Length 5704 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(718)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Pannonia)-467(abounds)-467(with)-467(interesting)-468(remains)-467(of)-467(Mithra,)-521(not)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(only)-343(in)-344(the)-343(great)-344(seats)-343(of)-344(Roman)-343(power)-343(on)-344(the)-343(Danube,)-367(but)-343(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(places)-302(far)-301(in)-302(the)-302(interior.)-405(And)-302(in)-302(this)-301(province)-302(can)-302(be)-301(distinctly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(traced)-297(not)-296(only)-297(the)-297(progress)-296(of)-297(the)-297(military)-296(propaganda,)-309(but)-296(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dates,)-259(with)-258(approximate)-257(accuracy,)-260(when)-257(the)-258(mysteries)-257(of)-257(Mithra)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-367(first)-368(introduced.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 96.17 3.959 Td [(3064)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.004 -3.959 Td [(Aquincum)-367(and)-368(Carnuntum)-367(were)-367(the)]TJ -119.174 -13.549 Td [(chief)-285(seats)-285(of)-284(the)-285(Persian)-285(worship)-285(on)-285(the)-284(Danube.)-355(In)-285(the)-284(former)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(town,)-507(the)-455(god)-456(had)-455(at)-456(least)-455(five)-456(chapels)-455(in)-456(the)-455(third)-455(century.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(There)-369(were)-370(at)-369(least)-369(four)-369(in)-369(the)-370(territory)-369(of)-369(Carnuntum,)-399(one)-369(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(them)-208(being)-208(closely)-208(connected)-208(with)-208(that)-208(of)-208(the)-208(allied)-208(deity,)-216(Jupiter)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Dolichenus)-193(of)-193(Commagene.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 120.864 3.959 Td [(3065)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.958 -3.959 Td [(The)-193(original)-193(votaries)-193(of)-193(the)-193(reign)]TJ -139.822 -13.549 Td [(of)-395(Vespasian)-395(had)-395(been)-395(contented)-395(with)-394(a)-395(rude)-395(grotto,)-431(partially)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(formed)-425(by)-425(the)-425(configuration)-424(of)-425(the)-425(rocks,)-469(the)-425(intervals)-424(being)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(filled)-381(in)-381(with)-381(masonry.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.682 3.958 Td [(3066)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.455 -3.958 Td [(This)-381(structure)-381(in)-381(the)-381(third)-381(century)]TJ -127.137 -13.55 Td [(was)-218(replaced)-219(by)-218(a)-219(more)-218(stately)-218(edifice)-219(at)-218(the)-218(expense)-219(of)-218(a)-218(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(knight.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 30.611 3.959 Td [(3067)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.089 -3.959 Td [(There)-229(can)-229(be)-229(little)-229(doubt)-229(that)-229(the)-229(spread)-229(of)-229(Mithraism)]TJ -49.7 -13.549 Td [(in)-207(Pannonia)-207(was)-206(chiefly)-207(the)-207(work)-207(of)-207(two)-206(Legions,)-216(the)-207(II.)-206(Adjutrix)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-237(XV.)-236(Apollinaris,)-239(both)-237(largely)-237(recruited)-236(from)-237(Commagene)-236(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cappadocia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 54.229 3.958 Td [(3068)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.076 -3.958 Td [(The)-308(bricks)-309(of)-308(a)-308(Mithraeum)-309(at)-308(Carnuntum)-308(bear)]TJ -75.305 -13.55 Td [(the)-208(stamp)-208(of)-208(the)-208(15th)-208(Legion,)-216(and)-208(the)-208(inscriptions)-208(contain)-208(several)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dedications)-333(by)-333(soldiers)-333(of)-334(the)-333(two)-333(corps.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.482 3.959 Td [(3069)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.887 -3.959 Td [(The)-333(15th)-333(Legion,)]TJ -203.369 -13.549 Td [(which)-201(was)-201(quartered)-202(on)-201(the)-201(Danube)-201(in)-202(71)-201(or)-201(72,)-211(had)-201(fought)-201(under)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Corbulo)-174(against)-174(the)-174(Parthians,)-189(and)-174(had)-174(borne)-174(a)-174(part)-174(in)-174(suppressing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(Jewish)-296(revolt)-297(of)-296(70)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 104.649 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.213 0 Td [(We)-297(may)-296(be)-297(sure)-296(that)-297(the)-296(gaps)-297(in)-296(its)]TJ -123.862 -13.55 Td [(ranks)-351(were)-351(filled)-351(by)-352(eastern)-351(recruits.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.255 3.959 Td [(3070)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.476 -3.959 Td [(The)-351(soldiers)-351(of)-351(other)]TJ -186.731 -13.549 Td [(corps,)-491(such)-444(as)-443(the)-443(Legions)-443(XIII)-443(and)-443(XIV,)-443(Geminae)-443(Martiae,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(caught)-395(the)-394(religious)-395(enthusiasm,)-431(and)-395(took)-394(part)-395(in)-395(the)-394(erection)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.565 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.752 Td [(3064)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(pp.)-250(252,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(3065)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(No.)-250(228;)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(253.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.565 -7.311 Td [(3066)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(No.)-250(225;)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(253.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.565 -7.31 Td [(3067)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(No.)-250(368.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.556 -7.311 Td [(3068)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mommsen,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.841 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Prov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 42.832 0 Td [(ii.)-250(p.)-250(63,)-250(n.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -100.368 -7.31 Td [(3069)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(iii.)-250(4418,)-250(4416;)-250(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(25.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(3070)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.924 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(13,)-250(35,)-250(habiti)-250(per)-250(Galatiam)-250(Cappadociamque)-250(dilectus.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3151 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3152 0 R /Resources 3150 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3141 0 R >> endobj 3150 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3155 0 obj << /Length 5745 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(719)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-336(buildings)-336(and)-336(in)-335(monumental)-336(offerings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.916 3.959 Td [(3071)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.976 -3.959 Td [(It)-336(was)-336(probably)]TJ -210.892 -13.549 Td [(through)-310(officers,)-325(transferred)-309(from)-310(the)-310(Danube,)-325(that)-310(the)-309(worship)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-316(introduced)-316(into)-317(the)-316(camp)-316(of)-316(Lambaesis)-317(in)-316(Numidia.)-448(There)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-285(a)-284(tablet)-284(of)-285(the)-284(third)-285(century)-284(to)-285(Mithra)-284(in)-285(that)-284(camp,)-293(dedicated)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-267(a)-268(prefect)-267(of)-267(the)-268(3rd)-267(Legion,)-271(who)-268(was)-267(born)-267(at)-268(Carnuntum.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3072)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(In)-269(Noricum)-269(and)-268(Rhaetia,)-274(the)-268(military)-269(propaganda)-269(seems)-269(to)-268(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-280(less)-281(vigorous)-280(than)-281(in)-280(Pannonia.)-341(But)-281(a)-280(corner)-281(of)-280(the)-280(former)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([596])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(province)-251(was)-251(once)-251(guarded)-251(by)-251(a)-251(corps)-250(from)-251(Commagene,)-251(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(has)-445(left)-445(traces)-445(of)-445(its)-445(presence)-445(in)-445(the)-445(name)-445(of)-445(a)-445(town)-445(on)-445(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Danube)-346(and)-345(in)-346(some)-346(monuments)-345(to)-346(Mithra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 195.645 3.959 Td [(3073)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.298 -3.959 Td [(In)-346(Rhaetia)-345(his)]TJ -217.943 -13.549 Td [(remains)-417(are)-416(singularly)-417(scanty.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 135.729 3.959 Td [(3074)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.618 -3.959 Td [(But)-417(when)-416(we)-417(come)-416(to)-417(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -160.347 -13.549 Td [(Agri)-427(Decumates)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 77.178 0 Td [(and)-427(the)-427(region)-426(of)-427(the)-427(Upper)-427(Rhine,)-471(we)-427(find)]TJ -77.178 -13.549 Td [(ourselves)-303(in)-304(a)-303(district)-303(once)-304(more)-303(teeming)-303(with)-304(relics)-303(of)-303(Mithra.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Not)-273(only)-274(has)-273(this)-274(region)-273(given)-274(to)-273(the)-274(light)-273(the)-274(largest)-273(number)-273(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-358(chapels,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 52.08 3.959 Td [(3075)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.638 -3.959 Td [(but)-358(the)-358(bas-reliefs)-358(found)-358(in)-358(their)-358(ruins)-358(surpass)]TJ -72.718 -13.549 Td [(all)-488(others)-488(in)-489(their)-488(dimensions)-488(and)-488(the)-488(completeness)-488(of)-488(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(symbolism.)-530(The)-343(tauroctonus)-343(group)-344(of)-343(Osterburken)-343(is)-343(regarded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-395(the)-395(masterpiece)-395(of)-395(Mithraist)-395(art)-395(in)-395(its)-395(complex)-395(variety)-395(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-354(vivid)-354(and)-354(masterly)-354(skill)-354(of)-354(the)-354(execution.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 202.47 3.958 Td [(3076)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.568 -3.958 Td [(Many)-354(of)-354(the)]TJ -225.038 -13.55 Td [(German)-407(inscriptions)-407(to)-407(Mithra)-407(are)-407(offered)-407(by)-407(simple)-407(citizens.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(But,)-357(from)-335(the)-335(number)-335(dedicated)-335(by)-336(soldiers)-335(also,)-356(Cumont)-335(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-410(right)-409(in)-410(tracing)-409(the)-410(diffusion)-410(of)-409(the)-410(worship)-409(once)-410(more)-409(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(military)-242(zeal.)-248(It)-242(is)-243(true,)-243(the)-243(legions)-242(quartered)-242(in)-243(Germany)-242(did)-242(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contain)-301(any)-301(considerable)-301(number)-302(of)-301(recruits)-301(from)-301(the)-301(East.)-403(But)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(they)-328(were)-327(in)-328(constant)-328(communication)-328(with)-327(the)-328(camps)-328(upon)-327(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Danube,)-319(where)-305(oriental)-305(influences)-305(were)-305(strong.)-415(It)-305(is)-304(significant)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-318(the)-319(earliest)-318(inscription)-318(to)-318(Mithra)-318(yet)-319(found)-318(in)-318(Germany,)-335(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-268(year)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 37.941 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.896 0 Td [(148,)-272(is)-267(that)-268(of)-267(a)-268(centurion)-267(of)-268(the)-267(8th)-268(Legion,)-271(which)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 143.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 136.592 Td [(3071)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.381 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(No.)-250(225.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.995 -7.311 Td [(3072)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(viii.)-250(2675;)-250(Cagnat,)-250(p.)-250(189.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.311 Td [(3073)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.289 0 Td [(iii.)-374(5650;)-312(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 70.141 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.28 0 Td [(No.)-374(416;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.292 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.29 0 Td [(No.)-374(238;)-312(cf.)-374(Donsbach,)-302(p.)]TJ -185.247 -10.958 Td [(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(3074)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(255;)-250(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(3075)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(For)-250(the)-250(number)-250(and)-250(the)-250(sites)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 104.099 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.465 0 Td [(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(27.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -127.259 -7.311 Td [(3076)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.382 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(No.)-250(351.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3154 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3155 0 R /Resources 3153 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3141 0 R >> endobj 3156 0 obj << /D [3154 0 R /XYZ 164.481 436.88 null] >> endobj 3153 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3159 0 obj << /Length 5664 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(720)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(was)-305(quartered)-305(in)-304(Moesia)-305(from)-305(47)-305(till)-305(69,)-318(and)-305(which)-305(during)-304(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time)-403(had)-404(frequent)-403(communications)-403(with)-403(the)-403(East.)-710(The)-403(legion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-373(in)-372(70)-373(removed)-373(from)-372(Moesia)-373(to)-372(Upper)-373(Germany.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 239.444 3.959 Td [(3077)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.179 -3.959 Td [(It)-373(is)]TJ -262.623 -13.549 Td [(probable)-265(that,)-269(however)-266(it)-265(was)-265(introduced,)-270(the)-265(worship)-265(of)-265(Mithra)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(may)-285(have)-284(found)-285(its)-285(way)-284(into)-285(the)-285(valley)-284(of)-285(the)-284(Neckar,)-294(and)-284(even)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-262(the)-262(Lower)-263(Rhine,)-265(before)-262(the)-262(end)-262(of)-262(the)-263(first)-262(century.)-286(Coins)-262(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Trajan)-211(have)-211(been)-211(found)-211(in)-211(the)-211(temple)-211(at)-211(Friedberg;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 218.372 3.959 Td [(3078)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.882 -3.959 Td [(a)-211(series)-211(of)]TJ -237.254 -13.549 Td [(coins)-265(from)-265(Vespasian)-264(to)-265(M.)-265(Aurelius)-264(has)-265(been)-265(recovered)-265(from)-264(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temple)-269(in)-269(the)-269(neighbourhood)-269(of)-269(Cologne.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 181.029 3.958 Td [(3079)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.789 -3.958 Td [(From)-269(Cologne)-269(the)]TJ -200.818 -13.55 Td [(line)-250(of)-251(conquest)-250(may)-251(be)-250(followed)-250(to)-251(Boulogne,)-250(the)-251(station)-250(of)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(British)-266(fleet.)-298(Thence)-266(the)-266(cult)-266(passed)-266(easily)-266(to)-266(London,)-270(which,)-269(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-193(time)-194(of)-193(Tacitus,)-205(was)-193(a)-194(centre)-193(of)-194(great)-193(commercial)-194(activity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3080)]TJ -336.948 -3.959 Td [([597])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(The)-312(legions)-312(probably)-312(carried)-311(the)-312(worship)-312(to)-312(the)-312(great)-312(camps)-311(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Caerleon,)-347(Chester)-328(and)-327(York.)-483(At)-328(all)-328(the)-327(guardposts)-328(of)-328(the)-327(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rampart)-325(of)-325(Hadrian,)-344(there)-325(were)-325(chapels)-325(of)-325(the)-325(eastern)-326(god,)-343(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-323(inscriptions)-322(show)-323(that)-323(the)-322(officers)-323(at)-323(this)-322(remote)-323(outpost)-322(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(Empire)-311(maintained)-312(a)-312(warm)-311(devotion)-312(to)-312(the)-311(religion)-312(of)-311(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(native)-250(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 50.902 3.959 Td [(3081)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -38.947 -17.508 Td [(The)-469(regions)-468(of)-469(the)-468(western)-469(world)-468(on)-469(which)-468(Mithra,)-524(from)]TJ -11.955 -13.549 Td [(whatever)-463(causes,)-517(seems)-463(to)-463(have)-463(made)-463(least)-463(impression)-463(were)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Western)-341(Gaul,)-363(Spain,)-363(and)-341(North)-341(Africa.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 178.732 3.959 Td [(3082)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.134 -3.959 Td [(Syrian)-341(merchants,)]TJ -200.866 -13.549 Td [(slaves,)-297(or)-288(soldiers,)-297(had)-287(established)-288(the)-287(worship)-288(at)-287(Lyons,)-297(Arles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-332(Narbonne.)-494(But)-332(Elusa)-331(is)-332(the)-331(only)-332(place)-331(in)-332(Aquitaine)-331(where)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(traces)-295(of)-294(it)-295(have)-295(been)-294(found.)-384(In)-295(Spain,)-306(the)-294(legionaries)-295(carried)-294(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(only)-212(to)-213(a)-212(few)-212(remote)-213(frontier)-212(posts)-212(in)-213(Asturia)-212(or)-212(Gallicia.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.638 3.958 Td [(3083)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.028 -3.958 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(African)-157(garrisons,)-176(recruited)-157(largely)-158(from)-157(the)-157(surrounding)-157(country,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(remained)-291(true)-291(to)-292(their)-291(native)-291(deities,)-302(and)-291(the)-291(few)-291(inscriptions)-291(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithra)-277(at)-277(great)-276(military)-277(strongholds,)-283(like)-277(Lambesi,)-284(are)-276(probably)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.481 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.669 Td [(3077)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(No.)-250(423;)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(256,)-250(n.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -49.556 -7.311 Td [(3078)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(No.)-250(248)-250(\050p.)-250(359\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.565 -7.311 Td [(3079)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(No.)-250(265)-250(\050p.)-250(388\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(3080)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.923 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(14,)-250(33,)-250(Londinium)-250(...)-250(copia)-250(negotiatorum)-250(maxime)-250(celebre.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.546 -7.311 Td [(3081)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.381 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.91 0 Td [(Nos.)-250(471-490;)-250(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(29.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.986 -7.31 Td [(3082)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(259)-250(n.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3083)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(260;)-250(Donsbach,)-250(p.)-250(30.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3158 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3159 0 R /Resources 3157 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3141 0 R >> endobj 3160 0 obj << /D [3158 0 R /XYZ 322.28 369.134 null] >> endobj 3157 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3163 0 obj << /Length 5272 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(721)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(due)-239(to)-239(the)-239(devotion)-238(of)-239(some)-239(of)-239(the)-239(higher)-239(officers,)-241(who)-239(had)-238(been)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(transferred)-188(to)-189(these)-188(distant)-189(quarters)-188(from)-188(Syria)-189(or)-188(the)-189(Danube.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3084)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -252.236 -26.779 Td [(If)-310(we)-310(try)-310(to)-310(explain)-310(the)-310(fascination)-310(of)-310(this)-310(religion)-310(of)-310(central)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Asia)-270(for)-270(western)-270(minds,)-276(we)-270(must)-270(seek)-270(it)-270(partly)-270(in)-270(its)-270(theological)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(system,)-400(partly)-371(in)-370(its)-370(ritual)-370(and)-371(clerical)-370(organisation,)-400(still)-370(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-554(its)-554(clear)-554(promise)-554(of)-554(a)-554(life)-554(beyond)-554(the)-554(grave.)-1162(In)-553(these)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(characteristics,)-623(Mithraism)-548(differed)-547(profoundly)-548(from)-548(Graeco-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Roman)-493(paganism,)-554(and)-493(seemed,)-554(in)-494(the)-493(eyes)-493(of)-493(the)-493(Christian)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(apologists,)-301(to)-292(be)-291(a)-291(deceptive)-291(imitation)-291(of)-291(the)-291(rites)-291(and)-291(doctrines)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-276(the)-275(Christian)-276(Church.)-327(Inspired)-276(with)-275(the)-276(tendency)-276(or)-275(ambition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-235(gather)-235(many)-235(races)-235(into)-235(its)-235(fold,)-238(Mithraism)-235(was)-235(a)-235(compound)-235(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-220(influences)-219(of)-219(very)-220(different)-219(ages,)-226(and)-220(offered)-219(many)-219(footholds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(for)-287(the)-288(faith)-287(or)-288(superstition)-287(of)-288(the)-287(lands)-288(which)-287(it)-288(traversed)-287(in)-287(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(march.)-517(It)-339(drew,)-361(from)-339(points)-339(widely)-339(severed)-339(in)-339(time)-339(and)-339(place,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrine)-189(or)-189(symbolism)-189(or)-188(rite,)-201(from)-189(the)-189(ancient)-189(lands)-189(of)-189(the)-188(Aryan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(race,)-195(from)-181(the)-181(mountain)-182(homes)-181(of)-181(the)-181(Persians,)-195(from)-181(Babylon)-181(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Phrygia)-183(and)-183(Commagene,)-196(from)-183(the)-183(philosophy)-183(of)-183(Greece,)-197(and)-182(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mythologies)-208(of)-207(all)-207(the)-208(peoples)-207(among)-208(whom)-207(it)-208(came.)-236(Yet)-207(it)-207(never)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([598])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.023 -13.55 Td [(to)-284(the)-283(end)-284(ceased)-284(to)-284(be)-284(a)-283(Persian)-284(cult.)-351(In)-284(the)-284(Divine)-284(Comedy)-283(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucian,)-369(as)-345(it)-345(may)-345(be)-345(called,)-369(Mithra,)-369(even)-345(when)-345(he)-345(is)-345(admitted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-465(Olympus,)-518(cannot)-465(speak)-465(in)-464(Greek.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.94 3.959 Td [(3085)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.193 -3.959 Td [(His)-465(name)-464(is)-465(never)]TJ -195.133 -13.549 Td [(disguised)-224(or)-223(translated.)-242(On)-223(many)-224(of)-224(his)-223(inscriptions)-224(the)-224(names)-223(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-285(old)-285(Mazdean)-285(pantheon,)-294(such)-285(as)-285(Ahriman,)-294(the)-285(power)-285(of)-285(evil,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(still)-346(figure.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 48.925 3.959 Td [(3086)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.303 -3.959 Td [(The)-346(mystic)-346(beasts)-346(which)-346(are)-345(always)-346(present)-346(in)]TJ -71.228 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(sacred)-272(scene)-272(of)-272(the)-272(t)1(auroctonus,)-278(the)-272(lion,)-277(the)-272(dog,)-277(the)-272(snake,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-277(scorpion,)-283(had)-277(all)-277(a)-277(hieratic)-277(meaning)-277(in)-277(Persian)-277(theology.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.191 3.959 Td [(3087)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.191 -17.508 Td [(The)-290(cave,)-300(which)-289(was)-290(the)-290(immemorial)-290(sanctuary)-290(of)-290(the)-289(worship,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(amid)-206(all)-206(the)-206(mystic)-206(meanings)-206(attached)-206(to)-206(it)-205(by)-206(later)-206(Neo-Platonist)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.352 Td [(3084)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.36 0 Td [(l.c.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 10.957 0 Td [(;)-381(cf.)-512(Cagnat,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 50.569 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Arm.)-512(rom.)-512(d)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 48.03 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Afr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.724 0 Td [(p.)-512(353,)-359(on)-337(the)-338(history)-337(and)]TJ -183.552 -10.958 Td [(composition)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Legio)-250(III.)-250(Augusta.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.395 Td [(3085)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Luc.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(Deor.)-250(Concil.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 51.305 0 Td [(c.)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -84.426 -7.31 Td [(3086)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(87.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3087)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(190;)-250(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(70.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3162 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3163 0 R /Resources 3161 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3165 0 R >> endobj 3164 0 obj << /D [3162 0 R /XYZ 303.172 278.569 null] >> endobj 3161 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3168 0 obj << /Length 6016 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(722)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(speculation,)-214(carried)-205(the)-204(mind)-205(back)-205(to)-205(Zoroastrian)-205(symbolism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3088)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 19.805 0 Td [(petra)-260(genetrix)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 61.619 0 Td [(,)-263(which)-261(is)-260(figured)-260(on)-261(so)-260(many)-261(sacred)-260(slabs)-261(on)]TJ -81.424 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(Danube)-251(and)-251(in)-250(Upper)-251(Germany,)-251(goes)-251(back)-251(to)-251(the)-251(very)-250(cradle)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-273(the)-272(worship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 66.242 3.958 Td [(3089)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.905 -3.958 Td [(The)-273(young)-272(god,)-278(emerging)-273(from)-272(the)-273(spires)-273(of)]TJ -86.147 -13.55 Td [(rock,)-216(round)-208(which)-207(a)-208(serpent)-207(coils)-208(itself,)-216(is)-207(the)-208(first)-207(radiance)-208(of)-207(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upspringing)-227(sun,)-232(as)-228(on)-227(high,)-232(lonely)-227(peaks)-227(it)-228(flashes)-227(and)-227(broadens)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-273(the)-273(dawn.)-318(The)-273(great)-273(elemental)-273(powers,)-278(sun)-273(and)-273(moon,)-278(ocean,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-269(winds)-269(and)-269(seasons,)-274(are)-269(generally)-269(grouped)-269(around)-268(the)-269(central)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(piece,)-250(in)-251(forms)-250(borrowed)-250(from)-250(classic)-250(art.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.393 3.958 Td [(3090)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.172 -3.958 Td [(Fire)-250(and)-250(water)-251(are)]TJ -201.565 -13.55 Td [(always)-279(present;)-293(no)-279(chapel)-279(was)-279(without)-278(its)-279(fountain.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 225.363 3.959 Td [(3091)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.109 -3.959 Td [(And)-279(the)]TJ -245.472 -13.549 Td [(tradition)-366(of)-367(the)-366(astral)-367(lore)-366(of)-366(the)-367(Euphrates)-366(can)-366(be)-367(seen)-366(in)-366(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(signs)-267(of)-268(the)-267(zodiac)-268(which)-267(encompass)-268(the)-267(sacred)-268(scene)-267(of)-267(mystic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sacrifice)-266(in)-267(the)-266(chapels)-266(on)-267(the)-266(Upper)-266(Rhine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 192.11 3.959 Td [(3092)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.699 -3.959 Td [(The)-266(very)-267(letters)]TJ -211.809 -13.549 Td [(of)-412(the)-411(name)-412(of)-411(Mithra,)-452(expanded)-412(into)-411(Meithras,)-452(according)-411(to)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(S.)-344(Jerome,)-368(like)-344(the)-344(mystic)-344(word)-344(Abraxas,)-367(yielded)-344(to)-344(ingenious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(calculation)-207(the)-207(exact)-207(number)-207(of)-207(days)-207(in)-207(the)-207(year.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 208.014 3.959 Td [(3093)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.009 -3.959 Td [(It)-207(is)-207(difficult)]TJ -227.023 -13.549 Td [(for)-297(us)-297(to)-297(conceive)-297(how)-297(these)-297(frigid)-297(astronomical)-297(fancies)-297(should)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(form)-367(a)-367(part)-367(in)-368(a)-367(religious)-367(system)-367(which)-367(undoubtedly)-367(from)-367(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(beginning)-259(had)-259(a)-259(profound)-259(moral)-259(effect)-259(on)-259(its)-259(adherents.)-277(Yet)-259(it)-259(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(well)-269(to)-269(remember)-269(that)-269(there)-270(was)-269(a)-269(time)-269(when)-269(the)-269(mystery)-269(of)-269(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stellar)-234(spaces,)-237(and)-234(the)-233(grandeur)-234(and)-234(beneficence)-234(of)-234(the)-233(sun,)-237(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-266(most)-265(awful)-266(and)-266(impressive)-265(things)-266(in)-266(human)-265(experience.)-297(The)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([599])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(cold)-223(scrutiny)-223(of)-223(the)-223(telescope)-223(has)-223(long)-223(since)-223(robbed)-223(the)-222(heavenly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(orbs)-311(of)-310(their)-311(mystic)-311(power)-311(over)-310(human)-311(destiny.)-432(Yet)-311(even)-310(now,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-339(man)-339(who)-339(has)-339(not)-339(been)-339(imbued)-339(with)-339(the)-339(influence)-339(of)-338(modern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(science,)-251(may,)-250(on)-251(some)-250(calm,)-251(starlit)-250(summer)-251(night,)-250(travel)-251(back)-250(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination)-245(to)-246(the)-245(dreams)-245(of)-245(the)-245(early)-246(star-gazers)-245(on)-245(the)-245(Ganges)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-227(the)-227(Euphrates,)-232(and)-227(fancy)-227(that,)-232(in)-227(the)-227(far)-227(solitary)-227(splendour)-227(and)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.32 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.508 Td [(3088)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(56;)-250(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(36.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3089)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.381 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.909 0 Td [(441,)-250(444;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 36.117 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(213,)-250(245,)-250(252.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -128.021 -7.31 Td [(3090)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(251)-250(\050p.)-250(365\051;)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(92;)-250(cf.)-250(Herod.)-250(i.)-250(131.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(3091)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.381 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(246)-250(\050p.)-250(348\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.995 -7.31 Td [(3092)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(109;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.533 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(246,)-250(247,)-250(248,)-250(251,)-250(273.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -92.146 -7.311 Td [(3093)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Donsbach,)-417(p.)-649(6;)-450(Gasquet,)-417(p.)-650(24;)-450(Dieterich,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 168.14 0 Td [(Mithrasliturgie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.803 0 Td [(,)-417(p.)-649(146;)-450(S.)]TJ -234.898 -10.959 Td [(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.382 0 Td [(Com.)-250(in)-250(Amos)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.562 0 Td [(,)-250(v.)-250(9,)-250(10.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3167 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3168 0 R /Resources 3166 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3165 0 R >> endobj 3169 0 obj << /D [3167 0 R /XYZ 303.995 233.642 null] >> endobj 3166 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3172 0 obj << /Length 4924 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(723)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(ordered)-305(movement)-305(of)-305(those)-305(eternal)-305(fires,)-319(which)-305(shine)-305(so)-304(serene)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-403(pitiless)-404(on)-403(this)-404(small)-403(point)-403(in)-404(the)-403(universe,)-442(there)-403(may)-403(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forces)-311(to)-311(guide)-311(or)-312(signs)-311(to)-311(predict)-311(the)-311(course)-311(of)-311(mortal)-311(destiny.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Nor)-305(was)-305(it)-305(an)-305(altogether)-305(unworthy)-305(dream,)-319(which)-305(fl)1(oated)-305(before)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-389(minds)-388(of)-388(so)-389(many)-388(generations,)-424(that)-388(in)-389(those)-388(liquid)-388(depths)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-279(space,)-287(where,)-286(in)-280(the)-279(infinite)-279(distance,)-287(the)-279(radiance)-279(of)-279(widely-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(severed)-251(constellations)-250(blends)-250(into)-251(a)-250(luminous)-251(haze,)-251(might)-250(be)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eternal)-238(abode)-237(of)-238(spirits)-237(who,)-240(after)-238(their)-238(sojourn)-237(in)-238(the)-237(flesh,)-240(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(purged)-250(themselves)-250(of)-250(earthly)-250(taint.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.189 3.958 Td [(3094)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -139.233 -19.93 Td [(The)-676(relative)-677(influence)-676(of)-677(Babylon)-676(and)-677(ancient)-676(Iran)-676(in)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(moulding)-401(the)-400(theology)-401(of)-400(Mithraism,)-438(has)-401(long)-400(been)-401(a)-400(subject)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-220(controversy.)-240(The)-220(opposing)-220(schools,)-226(represented)-220(by)-220(Lajard)-219(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Windischmann,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.782 3.958 Td [(3095)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.025 -3.958 Td [(have)-234(been)-234(discredited)-234(or)-234(reconciled)-234(by)-233(saner)]TJ -87.807 -13.55 Td [(methods)-278(of)-278(criticism,)-284(and)-278(wider)-278(archaeological)-277(knowledge.)-334(It)-277(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(now)-369(seen)-369(that)-370(while)-369(Babylonia)-369(has)-369(left)-370(a)-369(deep)-369(impress)-369(on)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(creed)-286(of)-286(Mithra,)-295(yet)-285(the)-286(original)-286(Aryan)-286(or)-286(Persian)-286(elements)-285(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(maintained)-296(their)-295(ascendency.)-387(Mithra,)-307(in)-295(his)-296(long)-296(journey,)-306(came)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(under)-295(many)-294(influences;)-317(and)-295(he)-295(absorbed)-294(many)-295(alien)-295(ideas)-294(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-170(cults)-169(and)-170(art)-170(of)-169(the)-170(many)-170(lands)-169(through)-170(which)-170(he)-169(travelled.)-223(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tolerance,)-289(indeed,)-289(was)-281(one)-281(great)-281(secret)-282(of)-281(his)-281(power.)-344(But,)-288(while)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-186(absorbed,)-199(he)-186(assimilated)-186(and)-186(transmuted.)-228(He)-186(remained)-186(the)-186(god)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-297(Persia,)-308(while)-297(he)-296(gathered)-297(into)-297(his)-296(creed)-297(mystic)-297(elements)-296(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(might)-385(appease)-386(the)-385(spiritual)-385(cravings)-386(of)-385(the)-385(western)-386(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3096)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(His)-291(system)-291(came)-291(to)-290(represent)-291(the)-291(best)-291(theological)-291(expression)-290(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-303(long)-302(movement)-303(of)-303(pagan)-302(mysticism,)-316(which,)-316(beginning)-302(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-323(mythic)-322(names)-323(of)-323(Orpheus)-323(and)-322(Pythagoras,)-341(organised)-323(in)-322(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(classic)-308(mysteries,)-322(elevated)-307(and)-308(glorified)-308(by)-307(the)-308(genius)-308(of)-307(Plato,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ended,)-481(if)-435(it)-435(has)-434(ended,)-481(in)-435(the)-435(Neo-Platonic)-435(movement)-434(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(offered)-206(a)-207(last)-206(resistance)-206(to)-207(the)-206(Christian)-206(church.)-236(The)-206(central)-206(ideas)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-329(that)-329(theory)-329(of)-329(life)-329(and)-329(death)-329(were)-329(presented)-329(to)-329(the)-329(neophyte)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([600])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 110.045 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 103.233 Td [(3094)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(Som.)-250(Scip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.847 0 Td [(i.)-250(15,)-250(\247)-250(10)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.91 -7.394 Td [(3095)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(pp.)-250(71,)-250(72.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3096)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-430(Dieterich,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 53.586 0 Td [(Mithrasliturgie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.802 0 Td [(,)-325(pp.)-430(150,)-326(165,)-325(202;)-340(Cumont,)-325(Intr.)-430(pp.)-430(331,)]TJ -120.343 -10.959 Td [(336.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3171 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3172 0 R /Resources 3170 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3165 0 R >> endobj 3173 0 obj << /D [3171 0 R /XYZ 79.401 122.826 null] >> endobj 3170 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3176 0 obj << /Length 5257 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(724)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-389(the)-389(mysteries)-388(of)-389(Mithra,)-424(and)-388(one)-389(of)-389(the)-389(last)-389(expounders)-388(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-441(Platonic)-440(creed,)-489(in)-440(the)-441(reign)-441(of)-440(Theodosius,)-489(had)-440(probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-348(initiated)-348(in)-349(one)-348(of)-348(the)-348(last)-348(chapels)-349(of)-348(the)-348(worship.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 249.163 3.959 Td [(3097)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.38 -3.959 Td [(In)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(that)-364(vision)-364(of)-364(human)-364(destiny,)-393(of)-364(the)-364(descent)-364(and)-364(ascent)-364(of)-364(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(human)-199(soul,)-209(the)-199(old)-199(Orphic)-199(doctrine)-199(is)-199(united)-199(with)-199(the)-199(star-lore)-199(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-292(Euphrates.)-377(Travelling)-292(towards)-292(its)-293(future)-292(prison-house)-292(in)-292(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flesh,)-334(the)-317(spirit)-317(which)-317(leaves)-317(the)-317(presence)-317(of)-316(Ormuzd)-317(descends)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-288(the)-287(gate)-288(of)-288(Cancer,)-297(through)-288(the)-288(spheres)-287(of)-288(the)-288(seven)-287(planets,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-210(in)-211(each)-210(acquires)-211(a)-210(new)-210(faculty)-211(appropriate)-210(to)-211(its)-210(earthly)-210(state.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-254(Mithraist)-254(discipline)-254(and)-254(sacraments)-254(prepare)-254(it)-254(for)-254(the)-253(ascent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(after)-278(death.)-333(When)-277(the)-278(soul)-278(at)-277(last)-278(leaves)-278(its)-277(mortal)-278(prison,)-285(it)-277(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-321(submit)-320(to)-321(a)-321(great)-321(judgment)-320(in)-321(the)-321(presence)-321(of)-320(Mithra,)-339(and)-320(if)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-293(pass)-292(the)-293(ordeal,)-303(it)-292(may)-293(then)-292(return)-293(through)-292(the)-293(seven)-292(spheres,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-237(each)-237(stage)-236(divesting)-237(itself)-237(of)-236(those)-237(passions)-237(or)-237(earthly)-236(powers,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(which)-361(it)-361(had)-361(taken)-361(on)-361(for)-361(a)-361(time)-361(in)-361(its)-361(downward)-361(journey.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3098)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Finally,)-463(through)-420(the)-421(remote)-420(gate)-421(of)-420(Capricorn,)-463(its)-420(sublimated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(essence)-248(will)-248(pass)-248(back)-247(again)-248(to)-248(ecstatic)-248(union)-248(with)-248(the)-247(Supreme.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(It)-209(is)-210(thus)-209(that)-210(the)-209(East)-209(and)-210(West,)-217(Orphic)-210(mysteries)-209(and)-209(Chaldaean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(astrology,)-308(combined)-297(to)-297(satisfy)-296(the)-297(craving)-297(for)-296(a)-297(moral)-297(faith)-296(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-250(vision)-250(of)-250(another)-250(world.)]TJ 11.956 -14.966 Td [(The)-329(religion)-329(of)-329(Mithra)-329(probably)-329(achieved)-329(its)-329(highest)-328(victory)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(through)-537(an)-537(ethical)-537(theology,)-609(typified)-537(and)-537(made)-536(concrete)-537(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-371(average)-371(worshipper)-372(by)-371(an)-371(elaborate)-371(symbolism)-371(in)-371(rite)-371(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sculptured)-387(scene.)-661(But)-388(it)-387(had)-387(also)-387(a)-387(cosmic)-387(theology.)-661(Mithra,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-458(virtue)-458(of)-458(his)-458(moral)-458(power,)-510(became)-458(in)-458(the)-458(end)-458(the)-458(central)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(figure.)-444(But)-315(in)-314(nearly)-315(all)-315(his)-314(chapels)-315(can)-315(be)-314(discovered)-315(a)-314(divine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hierarchy,)-538(in)-481(which,)-538(for)-481(ages,)-538(he)-480(did)-481(not)-480(hold)-481(the)-480(foremost)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rank.)-1014(The)-505(highest)-505(place)-504(is)-505(given)-505(to)-504(Infinite)-505(Time,)-568(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sex)-356(or)-357(passions,)-383(or)-356(properly)-356(without)-357(even)-356(a)-356(name,)-383(although)-356(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(order)-463(to)-463(bring)-463(him)-462(within)-463(the)-463(vulgar)-463(ken,)-516(he)-463(may)-463(be)-462(called)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Cronus)-433(or)-433(Saturn)-433(and)-434(imaged)-433(in)-433(stone)-433(as)-433(a)-433(lion,)-479(wrapped)-433(in)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.03 Td [(3097)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-372(p.)-542(104;)-396(cf.)-543(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 115.101 0 Td [(Som.)-542(Scip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 43.342 0 Td [(i.)-542(12;)-397(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 59.598 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.816 0 Td [(i.)-542(17;)-397(cf.)]TJ -246.813 -10.959 Td [(Lobeck,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 31.374 0 Td [(Aglaoph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.87 0 Td [(ii.)-250(933;)-250(Rohde,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.547 0 Td [(Psyche)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 25.392 0 Td [(,)-250(ii.)-250(pp.)-250(121,)-250(402.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -149.922 -7.311 Td [(3098)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(pp.)-250(308,)-250(309;)-250(cf.)-250(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 144.197 0 Td [(Som.)-250(Scip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.846 0 Td [(i.)-250(12.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3175 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3176 0 R /Resources 3174 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3165 0 R >> endobj 3174 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3179 0 obj << /Length 5320 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(725)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-439(coils)-438(of)-438(a)-439(snake.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 94.57 3.959 Td [(3099)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.334 -3.959 Td [(He)-438(is)-439(the)-438(author)-439(of)-438(life)-439(and)-438(death;)]TJ -119.904 -13.549 Td [(he)-366(carries)-366(the)-366(keys)-366(of)-366(heaven,)-395(and)-366(in)-366(his)-366(limitless)-366(sway,)-395(he)-366(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(identified)-286(with)-286(the)-286(unbending)-285(power)-286(of)-286(Fate.)-358(Like)-286(other)-285(cosmic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(systems)-395(of)-395(the)-395(East)-396(the)-395(Mazdean)-395(explained)-395(the)-395(universe)-395(by)-395(a)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([601])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(succession)-216(of)-215(emanations)-216(from)-215(the)-216(Infinite)-216(First)-215(Cause.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.95 3.959 Td [(3100)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.04 -3.959 Td [(From)]TJ -256.99 -13.549 Td [(his)-323(own)-323(essence,)-341(Cronus)-323(engendered)-323(Earth)-323(and)-322(Heaven,)-341(whom)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mythologers)-240(may)-240(call)-240(Jupiter)-241(and)-240(Juno,)-242(and)-240(they)-240(in)-240(turn)-240(give)-240(life)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-357(Ocean.)-570(Jupiter,)-384(as)-357(in)-356(classical)-357(mythology,)-384(succeeded)-357(to)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(power)-348(of)-348(Cronus,)-373(and)-348(gave)-348(to)-348(the)-348(world)-348(the)-348(Olympian)-348(deities,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(along)-352(with)-352(Fortune,)-377(Themis,)-377(and)-352(the)-352(Fates.)-556(In)-352(the)-351(hemisphere)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-431(gloom)-431(and)-431(evil,)-476(another)-431(order)-431(was)-431(engendered)-431(by)-431(Infinite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Time,)-242(which)-240(is)-240(represented)-240(by)-240(Ahriman,)-242(or,)-242(in)-240(the)-240(fancy)-240(of)-240(more)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(western)-368(lands,)-398(by)-368(Pluto)-369(and)-368(Hecate.)-605(The)-368(evil)-368(spirits,)-398(who)-368(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-196(progeny,)-206(like)-196(the)-195(Titans)-196(of)-196(Greek)-195(legend,)-207(have)-195(tried)-196(to)-195(storm)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Olympus,)-370(and)-347(been)-346(hurled)-346(back)-347(to)-346(the)-346(under)-347(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 232.872 3.959 Td [(3101)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.318 -3.959 Td [(There)]TJ -255.19 -13.549 Td [(they)-200(still)-199(retain)-200(their)-200(power)-200(to)-199(plague)-200(and)-200(corrupt)-199(the)-200(race)-200(of)-199(men;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(but,)-293(by)-284(means)-284(of)-285(incantation,)-293(and)-284(sacrifice,)-293(their)-284(malice)-284(may)-284(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(turned)-286(aside.)-360(In)-286(this)-287(daemonology)-286(Mithraism)-287(joined)-286(hands)-286(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-255(new)-256(Platonism,)-256(of)-256(which)-255(Plutarch,)-257(as)-255(we)-255(have)-256(seen,)-256(was)-255(one)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-269(the)-269(earliest)-268(apostles,)-274(and)-268(the)-269(affinity)-269(between)-269(them)-268(continued)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-187(the)-186(last)-187(age)-186(of)-187(paganism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.918 3.959 Td [(3102)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.935 -3.959 Td [(But)-187(it)-186(was)-187(in)-186(its)-187(divinisation)-186(of)-187(the)]TJ -134.853 -13.549 Td [(elemental)-209(powers)-209(and)-209(heavenly)-209(bodies)-209(that)-209(this)-209(religion)-209(probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obtained)-389(its)-390(most)-389(powerful)-390(hold)-389(on)-389(an)-390(age)-389(profoundly)-389(fatalist)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-321(superstitious.)-464(The)-322(strife)-321(of)-321(the)-322(four)-321(elements)-321(figures)-321(under)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(animal)-334(symbolism)-334(on)-334(innumerable)-334(sculptures)-334(of)-334(the)-334(chapels)-333(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithra,)-220(around)-212(the)-212(image)-212(of)-213(the)-212(bull-slaying)-212(God.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 215.051 3.959 Td [(3103)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.028 -3.959 Td [(The)-212(divine)]TJ -234.079 -13.549 Td [(fire)-225(which)-224(sparkles)-225(in)-225(the)-225(stars,)-229(and)-225(diffuses)-225(the)-224(warmth)-225(of)-225(life)-224(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(animal)-293(or)-294(plant,)-304(blazed)-293(perpetually)-294(on)-293(the)-293(altar)-294(of)-293(the)-294(crypt.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3104)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.549 Td [(3099)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(294;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 77.962 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.459 0 Td [(p.)-250(75.)-250(But)-250(cf.)-250(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(41.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -104.116 -7.311 Td [(3100)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(295.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3101)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(296.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(3102)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(301.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(3103)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(251)-250(\050p.)-250(365\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.565 -7.311 Td [(3104)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(297.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3178 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3179 0 R /Resources 3177 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3165 0 R >> endobj 3180 0 obj << /D [3178 0 R /XYZ 139.767 477.528 null] >> endobj 3177 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3183 0 obj << /Length 5033 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(726)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(The)-310(sun)-310(and)-311(moon)-310(are)-310(seldom)-310(missing)-310(from)-311(these)-310(slabs.)-430(In)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-263(masterpiece)-263(of)-263(Mithraic)-263(art)-263(at)-262(Osterburken,)-267(the)-263(two)-262(deities)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occupy)-336(opposite)-337(corners)-336(of)-336(the)-337(tablet.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 168.314 3.959 Td [(3105)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.992 -3.959 Td [(The)-336(sun-god,)-358(with)-337(a)]TJ -190.306 -13.549 Td [(cloak)-347(floating)-346(from)-347(his)-346(right)-347(shoulder,)-371(is)-346(urging)-347(his)-346(four-horse)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(team)-253(up)-253(the)-253(steep)-254(of)-253(heaven,)-254(and)-253(over)-253(the)-253(car)-253(floats)-253(Phosphorus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-332(a)-333(naked)-332(boy,)-353(bearing)-333(a)-332(torch)-333(in)-332(each)-332(hand.)-498(On)-332(the)-332(opposite)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(side,)-346(Selene,)-345(crowned)-327(with)-326(the)-327(crescent)-326(and)-326(erect)-327(in)-326(her)-327(car,)-345(is)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(urging)-417(her)-417(team)-418(of)-417(oxen)-417(downwards)-417(towards)-418(the)-417(gloom.)-751(On)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(another)-359(piece,)-387(also)-360(found)-359(in)-360(the)-359(heart)-359(of)-360(Germany,)-387(there)-359(is)-359(an)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(impressive)-187(scene,)-200(in)-187(which)-187(Mithra)-187(and)-187(the)-187(Sun,)-200(arrayed)-187(in)-187(eastern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(costume,)-213(stand)-204(side)-204(by)-204(side)-204(over)-204(a)-204(huge)-204(slaughtered)-204(bull.)-234(The)-204(sun)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([602])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(god)-325(is)-324(handing)-325(to)-325(Mithra)-325(a)-324(bunch)-325(of)-325(grapes,)-343(which)-325(he)-324(receives)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(a)-250(gesture)-250(of)-250(admiration.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 125.738 3.959 Td [(3106)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -113.782 -26.038 Td [(The)-325(most)-326(popular,)-344(and)-325(the)-326(least)-325(wholesome,)-344(element,)-344(which)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Mithraism)-321(borrowed)-322(from)-321(Babylon,)-340(was)-321(the)-322(belief)-321(in)-321(planetary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence.)-928(The)-475(seven)-476(planets)-476(became)-476(the)-476(arbiters)-476(of)-475(human)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(destiny,)-427(and)-392(their)-392(number)-392(acquired)-392(a)-392(hieratic)-392(significance.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.958 Td [(3107)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-512(days)-512(of)-512(the)-512(week)-512(and)-512(the)-512(seven)-512(principal)-512(metals)-511(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(consecrated)-377(to)-377(them.)-630(The)-377(various)-376(grades)-377(of)-377(initiation)-377(into)-376(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysteries)-179(of)-178(Mithra)-179(found)-178(a)-179(correspondence)-178(in)-179(the)-178(intervals)-179(of)-178(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seven)-192(spheres.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 62.376 3.959 Td [(3108)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.954 -3.959 Td [(The)-192(soul,)-203(in)-192(descending)-192(to)-192(its)-191(earthly)-192(tenement)]TJ -81.33 -13.549 Td [(for)-196(a)-196(season,)-207(passes)-196(through)-196(their)-196(successive)-196(realms,)-206(and)-196(assumes)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(appropriate)-207(faculties)-208(in)-207(each,)-216(just)-208(as,)-216(on)-207(its)-208(release)-207(and)-207(ascension,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-258(divests)-258(itself)-258(of)-258(them,)-260(one)-258(by)-258(one,)-260(as)-258(it)-258(returns)-258(to)-258(the)-258(region)-257(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ethereal)-186(purity.)-228(But)-186(the)-186(astral)-186(doctrine,)-198(introduced)-186(into)-186(the)-185(system)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-265(Iran)-266(from)-265(Chaldaea,)-269(was)-266(a)-265(dangerous)-265(addition)-266(to)-265(the)-265(creed.)-296(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-338(a)-338(fatal)-338(heritage)-337(from)-338(ages)-338(of)-338(benumbing)-338(superstition,)-359(and,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(while)-359(it)-359(gave)-359(an)-359(immense)-359(impetus)-359(to)-359(the)-359(progress)-359(of)-359(the)-359(solar)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cult,)-221(it)-213(counterbalanced,)-221(and,)-221(to)-213(some)-214(extent,)-221(neutralised)-213(its)-213(more)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.206 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.31 Td [(3105)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(246)-250(\050p.)-250(349\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -47.565 -7.311 Td [(3106)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.381 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(251)-250(\050p.)-250(365\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -68.995 -7.31 Td [(3107)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(300;)-250(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(62.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3108)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(316;)-250(cf.)-250(Gasquet,)-250(pp.)-250(94,)-250(95.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3182 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3183 0 R /Resources 3181 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3165 0 R >> endobj 3184 0 obj << /D [3182 0 R /XYZ 241.622 382.683 null] >> endobj 3181 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3188 0 obj << /Length 4636 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(727)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(spiritual)-377(and)-376(salutary)-377(doctrines.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.094 3.959 Td [(3109)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.306 -3.959 Td [(A)-376(co-ordinate)-377(evil)-376(power,)]TJ -164.4 -13.549 Td [(side)-324(by)-324(side)-324(with)-324(the)-324(beneficent)-323(Creator)-324(and)-324(Preserver,)-343(and)-323(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revealer)-382(and)-383(mediator,)-415(a)-382(host)-383(of)-382(daemons,)-415(tempting)-383(to)-382(sin,)-415(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(well)-389(as)-388(visiting)-389(men)-389(with)-389(calamity,)-423(an)-389(iron)-388(Fate)-389(at)-389(the)-388(centre)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-311(the)-311(Universe,)-327(whose)-311(inevitable)-311(decrees)-311(are)-311(at)-311(once)-311(indicated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-228(executed)-228(by)-228(the)-229(position)-228(and)-228(motions)-228(of)-228(the)-228(planets)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 240.56 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(all)-228(this)]TJ -251.469 -13.549 Td [(gloomy)-400(doctrine)-401(lay)-400(like)-401(a)-400(nightmare)-401(on)-400(the)-401(human)-400(mind)-400(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-384(ages,)-418(and)-384(gave)-385(birth)-384(to)-384(all)-384(sorts)-385(of)-384(evil)-384(arts)-384(to)-384(discover)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-294(avert)-293(or)-294(direct)-294(the)-293(pitiless)-294(forces)-294(which)-293(controlled)-294(the)-294(fate)-293(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(man.)-509(This)-337(is)-336(the)-337(dark)-336(side)-337(of)-336(Mithra)-336(worship,)-359(and,)-358(in)-336(this)-336(evil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(tradition)-274(from)-275(Babylon,)-280(which)-275(partially)-274(overlaid)-275(the)-274(purer)-274(creed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-248(Persia,)-248(we)-248(may)-248(find)-247(some)-248(explanation)-248(of)-248(the)-248(strange)-247(blending)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-295(dark)-295(superstition)-294(with)-295(moral)-295(earnestness)-295(which)-294(characterised)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-339(reaction)-340(of)-339(Julian,)-362(the)-339(votary)-340(of)-339(the)-340(Sun,)-361(and)-340(the)-339(patron)-339(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Maximus.)]TJ 11.956 -19.579 Td [(But,)-417(although)-384(the)-384(deification)-384(of)-384(the)-384(great)-384(elemental)-383(powers)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(and)-284(the)-284(mingled)-284(charm)-284(and)-284(terror)-284(of)-284(astrology)-284(gave)-284(the)-284(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-394(Mithra)-394(a)-394(powerful)-394(hold)-394(on)-394(the)-394(West,)-430(there)-394(were)-394(other)-393(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([603])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(nobler)-359(elements)-358(in)-359(his)-359(system)-359(which)-358(cannot)-359(escape)-359(the)-358(candid)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(enquirer.)-240(The)-220(old)-220(unmoral,)-225(external)-220(paganism)-220(no)-220(longer)-219(satisfied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-356(spiritual)-355(wants)-356(of)-355(all)-356(men)-355(in)-356(the)-355(second)-356(century.)-566(It)-356(is)-355(true)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-401(day)-400(will)-401(probably)-401(never)-400(come)-401(when)-401(the)-400(religion)-401(of)-400(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-409(not)-409(begin)-410(and)-409(end)-409(in)-409(solemn,)-449(stately)-409(rite,)-449(consecrated)-409(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-437(imagination)-437(by)-436(ancient)-437(use,)-483(and)-437(captivating)-437(the)-437(sense)-436(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scrupulously)-362(ordered)-362(ceremonial.)-585(The)-362(ritualist)-362(and)-362(the)-361(puritan)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conception)-337(of)-337(worship)-337(will)-337(probably)-337(always)-337(exist)-337(side)-337(by)-336(side,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(for)-192(they)-192(represent)-193(two)-192(opposite)-192(conceptions)-192(of)-192(religion)-192(which)-192(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(never)-334(entirely)-334(blend.)-501(And)-334(certainly)-334(in)-334(the)-334(days)-334(of)-334(M.)-333(Aurelius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-323(placid)-323(satisfaction)-322(in)-323(a)-323(sumptuous)-323(sacrifice,)-341(at)-323(which)-322(every)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(word)-364(of)-364(the)-365(ancient)-364(litany)-364(was)-364(rendered)-364(to)-364(the)-365(letter,)-392(was)-364(still)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profoundly)-537(felt)-537(by)-537(many,)-608(even)-537(by)-537(the)-537(philosophic)-536(emperor)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(himself.)-435(But)-312(there)-311(were)-312(other)-311(ideas)-312(in)-312(the)-311(air.)-435(Men)-312(heard)-311(from)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(3109)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(301.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3187 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3188 0 R /Resources 3186 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3190 0 R >> endobj 3189 0 obj << /D [3187 0 R /XYZ 284.933 281.808 null] >> endobj 3186 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3193 0 obj << /Length 5464 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(728)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(wandering)-314(preachers)-313(that)-314(God)-314(required)-313(other)-314(offerings)-314(than)-313(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(blood)-157(of)-156(bulls)-157(and)-156(the)-157(ashes)-156(of)-157(a)-157(heifer,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 163.631 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.552 0 Td [(that)-157(the)-156(true)-157(worship)-156(was)]TJ -175.027 -13.549 Td [(in)-207(the)-206(sacrifice)-207(of)-206(a)-207(purified)-206(spirit.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 145.91 3.959 Td [(3110)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.007 -3.959 Td [(Platonist)-207(and)-206(Pythagorean,)]TJ -164.917 -13.549 Td [(even)-299(when)-300(they)-299(might)-299(reverently)-300(handle)-299(the)-299(ancient)-299(symbolism)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-269(ritual,)-273(were)-269(teaching)-268(that)-269(communion)-269(with)-268(the)-269(Infinite)-268(Father)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-412(only)-411(possible)-412(to)-412(a)-411(soul)-412(emancipated)-412(from)-411(the)-412(tyranny)-411(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense.)-904(Moreover,)-523(as)-468(we)-468(have)-468(seen,)-522(the)-468(new)-468(Platonism)-468(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(striving)-291(to)-291(create)-291(some)-291(mediatorial)-291(power)-291(between)-291(the)-291(world)-290(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sense)-389(and)-388(the)-389(Infinite)-388(Spirit,)-424(transcending)-388(all)-389(old)-388(materialistic)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fancies)-352(of)-352(the)-352(Divine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 97.252 3.959 Td [(3111)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.5 -3.959 Td [(This)-352(Platonic)-352(daemonology,)-377(indeed,)]TJ -119.752 -13.549 Td [(from)-230(the)-230(Christian)-230(point)-231(of)-230(view,)-234(was)-230(a)-230(very)-230(crude)-230(and)-230(imperfect)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attempt)-460(to)-460(bridge)-459(the)-460(gulf.)-880(And)-459(it)-460(had)-460(the)-460(graver)-460(fault)-459(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-395(was)-395(really)-396(a)-395(revival)-395(of)-395(the)-395(old)-395(mythology.)-686(Yet)-395(it)-395(was)-395(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-309(attempted)-308(reformation.)-426(It)-308(was)-309(an)-308(effort)-309(to)-308(introduce)-309(a)-308(moral)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(influence)-188(into)-188(paganism.)-230(It)-188(was)-188(an)-188(effort)-188(to)-188(substitute)-188(for)-188(physical)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-362(naturalistic)-362(conceptions)-362(a)-362(moral)-362(theory)-362(of)-362(the)-361(government)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-304(the)-304(world.)-411(That)-304(was)-304(surely)-303(an)-304(immense)-304(advance)-304(in)-303(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(history,)-483(and)-436(foreshadowed)-436(the)-435(great)-436(revolution)-436(which)-436(was)-436(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(launch)-259(the)-259(western)-260(world)-259(on)-259(a)-259(new)-259(spiritual)-260(career.)-277(The)-259(hosts)-259(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sister)-328(spirits,)-347(whom)-328(Maximus)-328(of)-328(Tyre)-328(imagines)-328(as)-327(surrounding)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-437(sustaining)-438(the)-437(life)-438(of)-437(men,)-485(involved)-437(in)-438(the)-437(darkness)-437(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sorrow)-375(of)-376(time,)-406(are)-376(a)-375(conception)-375(strange)-376(to)-375(the)-375(old)-375(paganism.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([604])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(And)-380(the)-379(need)-380(of)-380(mediatorial)-379(sympathy,)-412(of)-380(a)-380(sympathetic)-379(link,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(however)-348(slight,)-371(with)-348(the)-347(dim,)-372(awful)-348(Power,)-371(ever)-348(receding)-347(into)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-268(remote)-267(and)-268(mysterious)-268(distances,)-272(was)-267(also)-268(connected)-267(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-389(need)-388(of)-388(some)-389(assurance,)-423(or)-388(fainter)-389(hope,)-423(of)-389(a)-388(life)-388(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-271(tomb.)-314(To)-271(that)-272(hope)-271(the)-271(old)-272(classical)-271(paganism)-271(afforded)-271(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slight)-261(and)-262(shadowy)-261(nutriment.)-284(Yet,)-264(from)-262(hundreds)-261(of)-261(sepulchral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-176(the)-177(yearning,)-191(often)-177(darkened)-176(by)-176(a)-177(doubt,)-191(appeals)-176(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pathetic)-217(force.)-239(Apart,)-223(in)-217(fact,)-224(from)-217(the)-217(crowd)-217(of)-217(mere)-216(antiquarian)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 109.801 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 102.988 Td [(3110)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-620(Denis,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.555 0 Td [(Id\351es)-373(Morales)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.152 0 Td [(,)-404(etc.)-621(ii.)-620(p.)-620(248)-374(sq.;)-435(cf.)-620(Burgmann,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 141.101 0 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 25.392 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(s)]TJ -277.142 -10.958 Td [(Theologie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.866 0 Td [(,)-271(p.)-300(37;)-275(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 46.392 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.594 0 Td [(95,)-271(50;)-275(31,)-271(\247)-266(11;)-275(Philostr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 94.833 0 Td [(Apoll.)-300(Tyan.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.928 0 Td [(v.)-300(25;)-275(Max.)]TJ -238.613 -10.959 Td [(Tyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.431 0 Td [(Diss.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(viii.;)-250(xiv.)-250(\247)-250(7,)-250(8;)-250(xvi.)-250(\247)-250(9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -40.595 -7.311 Td [(3111)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(supra,)-250(p.)-250(426.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3192 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3193 0 R /Resources 3191 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3190 0 R /Annots [ 3185 0 R ] >> endobj 3185 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.867 62.854 160.283 73.974] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg426) >> >> endobj 3194 0 obj << /D [3192 0 R /XYZ 185.088 233.642 null] >> endobj 3191 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3197 0 obj << /Length 4840 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(729)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(formalists)-213(and)-212(lovers)-213(of)-213(spectacle,)-220(there)-213(were,)-220(we)-213(believe,)-220(a)-212(great)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mass)-365(who)-364(longed)-365(for)-365(some)-365(channel)-364(through)-365(which)-365(they)-364(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-309(the)-308(faintest)-309(touch)-308(of)-309(sympathy)-309(with)-308(the)-309(Infinite)-309(Spirit;)-337(for)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(some)-243(promise,)-245(however)-243(veiled)-243(in)-243(enigmatic)-243(symbolism,)-244(that)-243(this)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(poor,)-439(puzzling,)-438(ineffectual)-401(life)-401(should)-401(not)-401(close)-401(impotently)-400(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death.)]TJ 11.956 -13.856 Td [(In)-378(all)-378(the)-378(Mazdean)-379(pantheon,)-410(it)-378(has)-378(been)-378(remarked,)-410(Mithra)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(was)-266(the)-266(only)-267(divine)-266(figure)-266(that)-266(profoundly)-266(affected)-266(the)-266(religious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(imagination)-313(of)-313(Europe.)-440(Who)-313(can)-313(dare)-313(at)-313(this)-313(distance)-313(to)-313(pierce)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-197(mystery?)-233(But)-197(we)-197(may)-197(conjecture)-198(that)-197(the)-197(ascendency)-197(is)-197(partly)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(due)-340(to)-339(his)-339(place)-340(as)-339(mediator)-340(in)-339(the)-340(Persian)-339(hierarchy,)-362(partly)-339(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-210(legends,)-218(emblazoned)-210(on)-210(so)-210(many)-210(slabs,)-218(of)-210(his)-210(miraculous)-210(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Herculean)-265(triumphs;)-273(but)-265(still)-265(more)-266(to)-265(the)-265(moral)-265(and)-265(sacramental)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(support,)-313(and)-300(the)-300(sure)-300(hope)-300(of)-300(immortal)-299(life)-300(which)-300(he)-300(offered)-300(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-218(faithful)-217(worshippers.)-240(Mithra)-217(came)-218(as)-218(a)-217(deliverer)-218(from)-217(powers)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-281(evil)-281(and)-281(as)-281(a)-281(mediator)-281(between)-281(man)-281(and)-281(the)-281(remote)-281(Ormuzd.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(He)-212(bears)-211(the)-211(latter)-212(office)-211(in)-212(a)-211(double)-212(sense.)-237(In)-212(the)-211(cosmic)-211(system,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-238(lord)-237(of)-238(light,)-240(he)-237(is)-238(also)-237(lord)-238(of)-237(the)-238(space)-237(between)-238(the)-237(heavenly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ether)-336(and)-336(the)-336(mists)-336(of)-336(earth.)-509(As)-336(a)-336(solar)-336(deity,)-357(he)-336(is)-336(the)-336(central)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(point)-326(among)-325(the)-326(planetary)-325(orbs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 141.764 3.959 Td [(3112)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.637 -3.959 Td [(In)-326(the)-325(ubiquitous)-326(group)-325(of)]TJ -163.401 -13.549 Td [(the)-284(slaughtered)-285(bull,)-293(Mithra)-284(stands)-284(between)-285(the)-284(two)-284(Dadophori,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Cautes)-402(and)-402(Cautopates,)-440(who)-403(form)-402(with)-402(him)-402(a)-402(sort)-402(of)-402(Trinity,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-297(are)-297(said)-297(to)-297(be)-297(incarnations)-297(of)-297(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 170.229 3.959 Td [(3113)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.705 -3.959 Td [(One)-297(of)-297(these)-297(figures)]TJ -190.934 -13.549 Td [(in)-449(Mithraic)-448(sculpture)-449(always)-449(bears)-448(a)-449(torch)-449(erect,)-498(the)-449(other)-448(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(torch)-327(turned)-327(downwards)-327(to)-327(the)-327(earth.)-481(They)-327(may)-327(have)-327(a)-327(double)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(significance.)-378(They)-293(may)-292(figure)-293(the)-292(ascending)-293(light)-293(of)-292(dawn,)-303(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-268(last)-269(radiance)-268(of)-268(day)-269(as)-268(it)-268(sinks)-269(below)-268(the)-268(horizon.)-305(They)-268(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-258(taken)-258(to)-258(image)-258(the)-258(growth)-258(of)-258(solar)-258(strength)-258(to)-258(its)-257(midsummer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(triumphs,)-401(and)-370(its)-371(slow)-371(decline)-370(towards)-371(fading)-370(autumn)-371(and)-370(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([605])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(cold)-307(of)-307(winter.)-422(Or)-307(again,)-321(they)-308(may)-307(shadow)-307(forth)-307(the)-307(wider)-307(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-220(momentous)-219(processes)-220(of)-220(universal)-219(death)-220(and)-220(resurgent)-219(life.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(But)-275(Mithra)-275(also)-275(became)-275(a)-275(mediator)-275(in)-274(the)-275(moral)-275(sense,)-281(standing)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.071 Td [(3112)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(303.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3113)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(pp.)-250(207,)-250(208.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3196 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3197 0 R /Resources 3195 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3190 0 R >> endobj 3198 0 obj << /D [3196 0 R /XYZ 257.505 138.491 null] >> endobj 3195 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3201 0 obj << /Length 6173 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(730)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(between)-288(Ormuzd)-288(and)-287(Ahriman,)-297(the)-288(powers)-288(of)-288(good)-288(and)-287(evil,)-297(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Plutarch)-267(conceives)-266(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 104.892 3.959 Td [(3114)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.708 -3.959 Td [(He)-267(is)-266(the)-267(ever)-266(victorious)-267(champion,)]TJ -124.6 -13.549 Td [(who)-285(defies)-284(and)-285(overthrows)-284(the)-285(malignant)-285(demons)-284(that)-285(beset)-284(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life)-252(of)-253(man;)-254(who,)-253(above)-252(all,)-253(gives)-253(the)-252(victory)-253(over)-252(the)-253(last)-252(foe)-252(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(humanity.)]TJ 11.956 -14.398 Td [(The)-236(legend)-237(of)-236(Mithra)-237(in)-236(hymn)-237(or)-236(litany)-237(is)-236(almost)-237(entirely)-236(lost.)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(But)-167(antiquarian)-167(ingenuity)-168(and)-167(cultivated)-167(sympathy)-167(have)-167(plausibly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recovered)-174(some)-173(of)-174(its)-173(meanings)-174(from)-174(the)-173(many)-174(sculptural)-173(remains)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-399(his)-398(chapels.)-696(On)-398(the)-399(great)-399(monuments)-398(of)-399(Virunum,)-435(Mauls,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Neuenheim,)-260(and)-257(Osterburken,)-260(can)-258(be)-257(seen)-258(the)-258(successive)-257(scenes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-493(the)-493(hero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 52.561 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-493(career.)-979(They)-493(begin)-493(with)-493(his)-493(miraculous)-493(birth)]TJ -56.194 -13.549 Td [(from)-390(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.039 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mother)-390(rock,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 57.268 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.094 0 Td [(which)-390(was)-389(familiar)-390(to)-389(Justin)-390(Martyr,)]TJ -114.245 -13.549 Td [(S.)-289(Jerome,)-300(and)-289(many)-290(of)-289(the)-289(Fathers.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.332 3.958 Td [(3115)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.456 -3.958 Td [(The)-289(dedications)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 72.969 0 Td [(petrae)]TJ -252.757 -13.55 Td [(genetrici)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.607 0 Td [(abound)-259(along)-259(the)-259(Danube,)-261(and)-259(the)-259(sacred)-259(stone)-259(was)-258(an)]TJ -41.607 -13.549 Td [(object)-356(of)-356(adoration)-356(in)-356(many)-356(chapels.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 164.543 3.959 Td [(3116)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.635 -3.959 Td [(A)-356(youthful)-356(form,)-382(his)]TJ -187.178 -13.549 Td [(head)-286(crowned)-287(with)-286(a)-286(Phrygian)-286(cap,)-296(a)-286(dagger)-286(in)-287(one)-286(hand,)-295(and)-286(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(torch)-348(in)-348(the)-349(other,)-372(is)-349(pictured)-348(emerging)-348(from)-348(an)-348(opening)-348(rock,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(around)-244(which)-244(sometimes)-244(a)-244(serpent)-244(is)-244(coiled.)-248(Shepherds)-244(from)-244(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(neighbouring)-329(mountain)-328(gaze)-329(in)-329(wonder)-328(at)-329(the)-329(divine)-328(birth,)-348(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presently)-281(come)-280(nearer)-281(to)-281(adore)-280(the)-281(youthful)-281(hero,)-288(and)-281(offer)-280(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-327(firstlings)-327(of)-327(their)-327(flocks)-327(and)-327(fields.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 171.995 3.959 Td [(3117)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.686 -3.959 Td [(And)-327(again,)-346(a)-327(naked)]TJ -193.681 -13.549 Td [(boy)-324(is)-324(seen)-323(screening)-324(himself)-324(from)-324(the)-323(violence)-324(of)-324(the)-324(wind)-323(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-300(shelter)-301(of)-300(a)-300(fig)-301(tree;)-325(he)-300(eats)-301(of)-300(its)-300(fruit)-301(and)-300(makes)-300(himself)-300(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(garment)-277(from)-278(the)-277(leaves.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 109.356 3.959 Td [(3118)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.063 -3.959 Td [(In)-277(another)-278(scene,)-284(the)-278(sacred)-277(figure)]TJ -129.419 -13.549 Td [(appears)-210(in)-209(full)-210(eastern)-209(costume,)-218(armed)-210(with)-209(a)-210(bow)-209(from)-210(which)-209(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(launches)-234(an)-234(arrow)-233(against)-234(a)-234(rock)-234(rising)-234(in)-233(front)-234(of)-234(him.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.883 3.959 Td [(3119)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.107 -3.959 Td [(From)]TJ -256.99 -13.549 Td [(the)-411(spot)-410(where)-411(the)-410(arrow)-411(strikes)-410(the)-411(stone,)-450(a)-411(fountain)-410(gushes)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.363 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.551 Td [(3114)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(De)-250(Is.)-250(et)-250(Osir.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.794 0 Td [(c.)-250(46.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.426 -7.395 Td [(3115)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Firm.)-247(Matern.)-247(c.)-248(20,)-243(alterius)-241(profani)-242(sacramenti)-241(signum)-242(est)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 212.409 0 Td [(\270\265\314\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 18.53 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\272)-242(\300\255\304\301\261\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.728 0 Td [(,)]TJ -278.389 -10.959 Td [(etc.)-419(Cf.)-418(S.)-306(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 72.275 0 Td [(Adv.)-418(Jov.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.369 0 Td [(i.)-418(\247)-307(7;)-334(Just.)-418(Mart.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 69.058 0 Td [(Dial.)-418(c.)-419(Tryph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 58.318 0 Td [(c.)-419(70;)-334(Prud.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -237.02 -10.959 Td [(Cathem.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 32.378 0 Td [(v.)-250(9;)-250(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 51.566 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(199,)-250(207.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -107.601 -7.31 Td [(3116)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(160.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3117)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(162;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.15 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(204.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -74.716 -7.31 Td [(3118)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(164.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3119)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(165;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 27.15 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(204)-250(\050p.)-250(318\051,)-250(235)-250(\050p.)-250(338\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3200 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3201 0 R /Resources 3199 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3190 0 R >> endobj 3199 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3204 0 obj << /Length 5723 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(731)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(forth,)-331(and)-315(the)-314(water)-315(is)-315(eagerly)-315(caught)-314(in)-315(his)-315(upturned)-315(palms)-314(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-350(form)-350(kneeling)-350(below.)-551(Then)-350(follow)-350(the)-350(famous)-350(scenes)-350(of)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chase)-288(and)-288(slaughter)-288(of)-288(the)-289(mystic)-288(bull.)-364(At)-288(first)-288(the)-288(beast)-288(is)-288(seen)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(borne)-311(in)-310(a)-311(skiff)-310(over)-311(an)-310(expanse)-311(of)-311(waters.)-431(Soon)-311(afterwards)-310(he)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([606])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(is)-373(grazing)-372(quietly)-372(in)-373(a)-372(meadow,)-404(when)-372(Mithra)-372(comes)-373(upon)-372(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scene.)-482(In)-327(one)-328(monument)-327(the)-327(hero)-328(is)-327(carrying)-327(the)-328(bull)-327(upon)-327(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shoulders;)-233(in)-224(others)-224(he)-224(is)-224(borne)-225(upon)-224(the)-224(animal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.912 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-224(back,)-229(grasping)]TJ -210.545 -13.549 Td [(it)-291(by)-292(the)-291(horns.)-374(Or)-292(again,)-301(the)-292(bull)-291(is)-292(seen)-291(in)-291(full)-292(career)-291(with)-291(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.386 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-313(arms)-313(thrown)-313(around)-313(his)-313(neck.)-439(At)-313(last)-312(the)-313(bull)-313(succumbs)]TJ -23.019 -13.55 Td [(to)-372(his)-373(rider)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.938 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-372(courage,)-403(and)-373(is)-372(dragged)-372(by)-373(the)-372(hind-legs,)-403(which)]TJ -53.571 -13.549 Td [(are)-340(drawn)-341(over)-340(his)-341(captor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 114.813 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-340(shoulders,)-363(into)-341(a)-340(cavern)-341(where)-340(the)]TJ -118.446 -13.549 Td [(famous)-353(slaughter)-353(was)-353(enacted.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.666 3.959 Td [(3120)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.532 -3.959 Td [(The)-353(young)-353(god,)-378(his)-353(mantle)]TJ -159.198 -13.549 Td [(floating)-297(on)-298(the)-297(wind,)-310(kneels)-297(on)-297(the)-298(shoulder)-297(of)-298(the)-297(fallen)-297(beast,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(draws)-325(back)-326(its)-325(head)-325(with)-326(his)-325(left)-325(hand,)-344(while)-326(with)-325(the)-325(other)-325(he)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(buries)-247(his)-247(dagger)-247(in)-247(its)-247(neck.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 124.667 3.959 Td [(3121)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.154 -3.959 Td [(Below)-247(this)-247(scene)-247(are)-247(invariably)]TJ -143.821 -13.549 Td [(sculptured)-241(the)-241(scorpion,)-243(the)-241(faithful)-241(dog,)-243(and)-241(t)1(he)-241(serpent)-241(lapping)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-278(flowing)-277(blood.)-333(The)-278(two)-278(Dadophori,)-284(silent)-278(representatives)-277(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-231(worlds)-232(of)-231(light)-232(and)-231(gloom,)-235(one)-232(on)-231(each)-231(side,)-236(are)-231(always)-231(calm)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(watchers)-245(of)-245(the)-246(mystic)-245(scene.)-248(But)-245(the)-246(destruction)-245(of)-245(the)-245(bull)-245(was)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-328(a)-328(mere)-328(spectacle)-328(of)-328(death.)-484(It)-328(was)-328(followed)-328(by)-328(a)-328(miracle)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fresh)-235(springing)-234(life)-235(and)-235(fertility,)-237(and,)-238(here)-235(and)-234(there,)-238(on)-235(the)-234(slabs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(are)-332(seen)-331(ears)-332(of)-332(corn)-331(shooting)-332(from)-331(the)-332(tail)-332(of)-331(the)-332(dying)-331(beast,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-280(young)-280(plants)-280(and)-280(flowers)-280(springing)-280(up)-280(around.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.422 3.959 Td [(3122)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.149 -3.959 Td [(His)-280(blood)]TJ -237.571 -13.549 Td [(gives)-273(birth)-273(to)-273(the)-273(vine)-273(which)-273(yields)-273(the)-273(sacred)-273(juice)-272(consecrated)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-301(the)-300(mysteries.)-402(Thus,)-314(in)-300(spite)-301(of)-301(the)-300(scorpion)-301(and)-301(the)-300(serpent,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(symbols)-280(of)-280(the)-280(evil)-280(powers,)-288(who)-280(seek)-280(to)-280(wither)-280(and)-280(sterilise)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sources)-418(of)-419(vitality,)-460(life)-419(is)-418(ever)-418(rising)-419(again)-418(from)-419(the)-418(body)-418(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.357 3.959 Td [(3123)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -14.401 -21.008 Td [(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.694 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-455(mysterious)-455(reconciliation)-455(with)-455(the)-455(Sun)-455(is)-456(figured)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 121.081 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 114.269 Td [(3120)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(167)-250(sq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.417 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(253,)-250(192,)-250(204,)-250(221.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.03 -7.311 Td [(3121)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(See)-324(the)-323(finest)-324(extant)-324(specimen)-324(from)-323(Osterburken;)-361(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 218.71 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.58 0 Td [(246;)-361(cf.)]TJ -252.245 -10.959 Td [(the)-250(one)-250(at)-250(Heddernheim,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.39 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(251.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -114.048 -7.31 Td [(3122)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(186)-250(sq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 90.417 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(104,)-250(246.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.03 -7.311 Td [(3123)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(70.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3203 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3204 0 R /Resources 3202 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3190 0 R >> endobj 3205 0 obj << /D [3203 0 R /XYZ 317.103 477.528 null] >> endobj 3202 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3208 0 obj << /Length 5115 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(732)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(in)-354(other)-354(groups.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 71.049 3.959 Td [(3124)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.565 -3.959 Td [(Mithra,)-380(as)-354(usual,)-380(in)-353(eastern)-354(costume,)-380(has,)]TJ -93.614 -13.549 Td [(kneeling)-166(before)-165(him,)-183(a)-166(youthful)-165(figure)-166(either)-165(naked)-166(or)-166(lightly)-165(clad.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-250(god)-251(touches)-250(the)-251(head)-250(of)-251(the)-250(suppliant)-251(with)-250(some)-250(mysterious)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(symbol,)-420(and)-387(the)-386(subject)-386(of)-387(the)-386(rite)-386(raises)-387(his)-386(hands)-386(in)-386(prayer.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-275(mystic)-275(symbol)-275(is)-275(removed,)-281(and)-275(Mithra)-275(sets)-275(a)-275(radiant)-274(crown)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-280(the)-281(suppliant)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.363 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-280(head.)-342(This)-280(reconciliation)-281(of)-280(the)-281(two)-280(deities)-280(is)]TJ -73.996 -13.549 Td [(a)-312(favourite)-313(subject.)-437(In)-313(the)-312(sculpture)-313(of)-312(Osterburken,)-328(they)-312(ratify)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(their)-352(pact)-352(with)-351(solemn)-352(gestures)-352(before)-352(an)-351(altar.)-556(Their)-351(restored)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(harmony)-414(is)-415(commemorated)-414(in)-415(even)-414(more)-415(solemn)-414(fashion.)-743(In)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([607])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(one)-420(monument)-420(the)-419(two)-420(are)-420(reclining)-420(on)-419(a)-420(couch)-420(at)-420(a)-419(solemn)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agape,)-278(with)-272(a)-272(table)-272(before)-272(them)-272(bearing)-273(the)-272(sacred)-272(bread,)-277(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-334(marked)-335(with)-334(the)-334(cross,)-356(and)-334(both)-334(are)-335(in)-334(the)-334(act)-335(of)-334(raising)-334(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cup)-250(in)-250(their)-250(right)-250(hands.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.931 3.959 Td [(3125)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -91.975 -20.972 Td [(The)-164(legend)-163(of)-164(Mithra,)-181(thus)-164(faintly)-163(and)-164(doubtfully)-163(reconstructed)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(from)-338(the)-338(sacred)-338(sculptures,)-360(in)-338(the)-338(absence)-338(of)-338(express)-337(tradition,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-341(probably)-341(for)-341(ever)-341(remain)-340(somewhat)-341(of)-341(an)-341(enigma.)-523(It)-340(has)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been,)-521(since)-466(the)-466(third)-467(century,)-520(the)-467(battle-ground)-466(of)-466(ingenious)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(interpreters.)-480(To)-327(enumerate)-326(and)-327(discuss)-326(these)-327(theories,)-346(many)-326(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(them)-308(now)-309(discredited)-308(by)-308(archaeological)-309(research,)-323(is)-308(far)-308(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-288(scope)-289(of)-288(this)-288(work.)-365(It)-288(is)-288(clear)-288(that)-289(from)-288(the)-288(early)-288(Chaldaean)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(magi,)-486(who,)-485(to)-439(some)-438(extent,)-486(imposed)-438(their)-439(system)-438(on)-438(Iranian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legend,)-357(down)-335(to)-335(the)-335(Neo-Platonists,)-357(the)-335(god)-335(and)-335(his)-335(attendants)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-235(treated)-234(as)-235(the)-234(symbols)-235(of)-234(cosmic)-235(theory.)-245(The)-234(birth)-235(from)-234(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rock)-178(was)-177(the)-178(light)-178(of)-177(dawn)-178(breaking)-178(over)-177(serrated)-178(crests)-178(of)-177(eastern)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hills.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.524 3.959 Td [(3126)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.153 -3.959 Td [(The)-246(cave,)-248(which)-246(was)-247(always)-246(piously)-247(perpetuated)-246(in)-247(the)]TJ -40.677 -13.549 Td [(latest)-318(Mithraist)-318(architecture,)-335(was)-318(the)-318(solid)-318(vault)-318(of)-318(heaven,)-334(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-208(openings)-207(pierced)-208(in)-207(its)-208(roof)-208(were)-207(the)-208(stars)-207(shining)-208(through)-207(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(celestial)-262(dome.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 65.579 3.959 Td [(3127)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.572 -3.959 Td [(The)-262(fountain)-263(which)-262(rose)-263(in)-262(every)-262(chapel,)-266(the)]TJ -85.151 -13.549 Td [(fire)-298(on)-298(the)-299(altar,)-310(the)-298(animals)-298(surrounding)-299(the)-298(bull,)-310(represent)-298(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.165 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.352 Td [(3124)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.584 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.081 0 Td [(191)-268(\050p.)-304(312\051;)-277(203)-269(\050p.)-304(317\051;)-277(242)-268(\050p.)-304(342\051;)-277(246)-269(\050p.)-304(350\051;)-277(Intr.)]TJ -66.621 -10.958 Td [(p.)-250(172.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.395 Td [(3125)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(175.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3126)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(83.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3127)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(89.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3207 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3208 0 R /Resources 3206 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3190 0 R >> endobj 3209 0 obj << /D [3207 0 R /XYZ 259.156 409.782 null] >> endobj 3206 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3212 0 obj << /Length 5057 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(733)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(powers)-209(of)-210(nature)-209(in)-209(their)-210(changes)-209(and)-209(conflict.)-237(The)-209(young)-209(archer,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(causing)-336(water)-336(to)-336(spring)-337(from)-336(the)-336(rock)-336(by)-336(a)-336(shot)-336(from)-336(his)-336(bow,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(marks)-275(the)-274(miraculous)-275(cessation)-275(of)-275(prehistoric)-274(dearth,)-281(as)-275(the)-274(bull)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(leaping)-248(from)-247(a)-248(skiff)-247(perhaps)-248(commemorates)-247(a)-248(primaeval)-247(deluge.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-290(slaying)-289(of)-290(the)-289(bull,)-300(the)-289(central)-290(scene)-290(of)-289(all,)-300(may)-289(go)-290(back)-289(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-258(exploits)-257(of)-257(the)-258(heroic)-257(pioneers)-258(of)-257(settled)-258(life,)-259(a)-258(Hercules)-257(or)-257(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Theseus,)-244(who)-242(tamed)-243(the)-242(savage)-243(wilderness)-242(to)-243(the)-242(uses)-243(of)-242(man.)-247(It)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-276(many)-276(meanings)-276(to)-276(different)-276(ages.)-328(To)-276(one)-276(occupied)-276(with)-276(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(processes)-248(of)-248(nature,)-248(it)-248(may)-247(have)-248(symbolised)-248(the)-248(withering)-248(of)-247(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(vegetative)-293(freshness)-292(of)-293(the)-293(world)-292(in)-293(midsummer)-293(heats,)-303(yet)-292(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-312(promise)-312(of)-312(a)-312(coming)-312(spring.)-436(To)-312(another)-312(it)-312(may)-312(have)-312(meant)-311(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(victory)-306(over)-305(evil)-305(spirits)-306(and)-305(powers)-306(of)-305(darkness.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 213.897 3.959 Td [(3128)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.981 -3.959 Td [(Or)-305(it)-306(may,)]TJ -234.878 -13.549 Td [(in)-427(the)-427(last)-427(days,)-471(have)-426(been)-427(the)-427(prototype)-427(of)-427(that)-426(sacramental)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cleansing)-463(which)-463(gave)-463(assurance)-463(of)-463(immortal)-463(life,)-516(and)-463(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(seemed)-250(to)-250(the)-250(Fathers)-250(the)-250(mockery)-250(of)-250(a)-250(Diviner)-250(Sacrifice.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([608])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -14.901 Td [(There)-195(can)-196(be)-195(no)-195(doubt)-196(that)-195(Mithra)-195(and)-196(his)-195(exploits,)-206(in)-195(response)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(to)-396(a)-397(great)-396(need,)-433(came)-396(to)-397(have)-396(a)-396(moral)-397(and)-396(spiritual)-396(meaning.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(From)-215(the)-214(earliest)-214(times,)-222(he)-215(is)-214(the)-215(mediator)-214(between)-214(good)-215(and)-214(evil)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(powers;)-431(ever)-371(young,)-401(vigorous,)-401(and)-371(victorious)-371(in)-371(his)-370(struggles,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-297(champion)-296(of)-296(truth)-297(and)-296(purity,)-308(the)-297(protector)-296(of)-297(the)-296(weak,)-308(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ever)-294(vigilant)-293(foe)-294(of)-293(the)-294(hosts)-293(of)-293(daemons)-294(who)-293(swarm)-294(round)-293(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life)-403(of)-402(man,)-441(the)-403(conqueror)-403(of)-402(death.)-708(His)-403(religion,)-441(in)-403(spite)-402(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-378(astrology,)-410(was)-378(not)-379(one)-378(of)-378(fatalist)-378(reverie;)-442(it)-378(was)-378(a)-378(religion)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-366(struggle)-366(and)-365(combat.)-598(In)-366(this)-365(aspect)-366(it)-366(was)-366(congenial)-366(to)-365(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(virile)-330(Roman)-330(temperament,)-350(and,)-350(above)-330(all,)-350(to)-330(the)-330(temperament)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-214(the)-215(Roman)-214(soldier,)-221(at)-215(once)-214(the)-214(most)-215(superstitious)-214(and)-214(the)-214(most)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(strenuous)-321(of)-320(men.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 79.408 3.959 Td [(3129)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.473 -3.959 Td [(Who)-321(can)-320(tell)-321(what)-320(inspiration)-321(the)-320(young)]TJ -100.881 -13.549 Td [(heroic)-340(figure,)-363(wearing)-340(an)-340(air)-341(of)-340(triumphant)-340(vigour)-340(even)-340(on)-340(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rudest)-221(slabs,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 53.62 3.959 Td [(3130)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.913 -3.959 Td [(may)-221(have)-221(breathed)-221(into)-221(a)-222(worn)-221(old)-221(veteran,)-227(who)]TJ -72.533 -13.549 Td [(kept)-223(ceaseless)-223(watch)-223(against)-222(the)-223(Germans)-223(in)-223(some)-223(lonely)-223(post)-222(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(Danube,)-327(when)-312(he)-312(spent)-312(a)-311(brief)-312(hour)-312(in)-312(the)-312(splendour)-312(of)-311(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(3128)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(77.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3129)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(108.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3130)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.382 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(31,)-250(35,)-250(43.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3211 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3212 0 R /Resources 3210 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3214 0 R >> endobj 3213 0 obj << /D [3211 0 R /XYZ 46.771 326.108 null] >> endobj 3210 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3217 0 obj << /Length 5270 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(734)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(brilliantly)-341(lighted)-340(crypt,)-363(and)-341(joined)-340(in)-341(the)-340(old)-341(Mazdean)-340(litany?)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Before)-305(him)-305(was)-305(the)-305(sacred)-305(group)-305(of)-305(the)-305(Tauroctonus,)-319(full)-304(of)-305(so)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(many)-284(meanings)-284(to)-285(many)-284(lands)-284(and)-284(ages,)-293(but)-284(which,)-293(to)-284(his)-284(eyes,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-323(shed)-323(the)-322(light)-323(of)-323(victory)-322(over)-323(the)-323(perilous)-323(combats)-322(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(time,)-442(and)-404(gave)-404(assurance)-404(of)-404(a)-404(larger)-404(hope.)-712(Suddenly,)-442(by)-404(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(touch)-372(of)-372(an)-371(unseen)-372(hand,)-402(the)-372(plaque)-372(revolved,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.889 3.959 Td [(3131)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.826 -3.959 Td [(and)-372(he)-372(had)]TJ -230.715 -13.549 Td [(before)-369(him)-369(the)-370(solemn)-369(agape)-369(of)-369(the)-370(two)-369(deities)-369(in)-369(which)-369(they)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(celebrated)-377(the)-377(peaceful)-377(close)-377(of)-377(their)-377(mystic)-377(conflict.)-631(And)-377(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(went)-416(away,)-458(assured)-416(that)-415(his)-416(hero)-416(god)-416(was)-416(now)-416(enthroned)-416(on)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(high,)-315(and)-301(watching)-302(over)-302(his)-301(faithful)-302(soldiers)-302(upon)-302(earth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 248.863 3.959 Td [(3132)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.858 -3.959 Td [(At)]TJ -269.721 -13.549 Td [(the)-359(same)-359(time,)-387(he)-359(had)-359(seen)-359(around)-360(him)-359(the)-359(sacred)-359(symbols)-359(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(images)-220(of)-221(all)-220(the)-221(great)-220(forces)-221(of)-220(nature,)-226(and)-221(of)-220(the)-221(fires)-220(of)-220(heaven)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which,)-393(in)-365(their)-365(motions)-364(and)-365(their)-365(effluences,)-393(could)-365(bring)-364(bane)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-299(happiness)-298(to)-299(men)-299(below.)-396(In)-299(the)-298(chapels)-299(of)-299(Mithra,)-311(all)-298(nature)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(became)-351(divine)-351(and)-352(sacred,)-376(the)-351(bubbling)-351(spring,)-377(the)-351(fire)-351(on)-351(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cottage)-354(hearth,)-381(the)-354(wind)-355(that)-354(levelled)-354(the)-355(pine)-354(tree)-355(or)-354(bore)-354(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sailor)-329(on)-329(his)-330(voyage,)-348(the)-330(great)-329(eternal)-329(lights)-329(that)-329(brought)-329(seed-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(time)-407(and)-407(harvest)-407(and)-407(parted)-407(day)-407(from)-406(night,)-447(the)-406(ever-welling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vital)-340(force)-340(in)-341(opening)-340(leaf)-340(and)-340(springing)-340(corn-ear,)-363(and)-340(birth)-340(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(young)-247(creatures,)-248(triumphing)-247(in)-248(regular)-247(round)-247(over)-247(the)-247(malignant)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([609])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.549 Td [(forces)-320(which)-321(seem)-320(for)-320(a)-321(time)-320(to)-320(threaten)-321(decay)-320(and)-320(corruption.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 20.22 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Unconquered)-298(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 91.718 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.1 0 Td [(is)-298(thus)-299(the)-298(god)-299(of)-298(light)-299(and)-298(hope)-299(in)]TJ -124.882 -13.549 Td [(this)-250(world)-250(and)-250(the)-250(next.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 102.72 3.959 Td [(3133)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -90.765 -19.897 Td [(The)-296(ancient)-295(world)-296(was)-296(craving)-295(for)-296(a)-295(promise)-296(of)-296(immortality.)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(Mithraism)-157(strove)-157(to)-157(nurse)-157(the)-157(hope,)-175(but,)-176(like)-157(the)-156(contemporaneous)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Platonism)-163(and)-163(the)-163(more)-163(ancient)-163(Orphic)-162(lore,)-181(it)-163(linked)-163(it)-163(with)-162(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(responsibility)-216(and)-216(grave)-216(consequences.)-239(Votaries)-216(were)-216(taught)-216(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-439(soul)-440(descended)-439(by)-440(graduated)-439(fall)-440(from)-439(the)-440(Most)-439(High)-439(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dwell)-223(for)-223(a)-223(season)-224(in)-223(the)-223(prison)-223(of)-223(the)-223(flesh.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 188.239 3.958 Td [(3134)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.068 -3.958 Td [(After)-223(death)-223(there)]TJ -207.307 -13.55 Td [(is)-372(a)-371(great)-372(judgment,)-402(to)-371(decide)-372(the)-371(future)-372(destiny)-371(of)-372(each)-371(soul,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.122 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.31 Td [(3131)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(251)-250(\050p.)-250(364\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(3132)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(Intr.)-250(pp.)-250(308,)-250(309.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3133)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(297.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3134)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Dieterich,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 37.847 0 Td [(Mithrasliturgie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.802 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(197;)-250(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(309.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3216 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3217 0 R /Resources 3215 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3214 0 R >> endobj 3218 0 obj << /D [3216 0 R /XYZ 330.537 260.74 null] >> endobj 3215 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3221 0 obj << /Length 5252 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(735)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(according)-382(to)-382(the)-382(life)-382(which)-381(had)-382(been)-382(led)-382(on)-382(earth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 228.654 3.959 Td [(3135)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.482 -3.959 Td [(Spirits)]TJ -252.136 -13.549 Td [(which)-285(have)-285(defiled)-285(themselves)-284(during)-285(life)-285(are)-285(dragged)-285(down)-284(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Ahriman)-337(and)-338(his)-337(evil)-337(angels,)-359(and)-337(may)-338(be)-337(consigned)-337(to)-337(torture,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-287(may)-287(sink)-287(into)-286(endless)-287(debasement.)-361(The)-287(pure,)-296(who)-287(have)-286(been)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fortified)-280(by)-281(the)-280(holy)-281(mysteries,)-288(will)-280(mount)-281(upwards)-280(through)-280(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seven)-389(spheres,)-424(at)-389(each)-389(stage)-389(parting)-389(with)-389(some)-389(of)-389(thei)1(r)-389(lower)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(elements,)-400(till,)-400(at)-370(last,)-400(the)-370(subtilised)-370(essential)-370(spirit)-370(reaches)-370(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(empyrean,)-250(and)-250(is)-250(received)-250(by)-250(Mithra)-250(into)-250(the)-250(eternal)-250(light.)]TJ 11.956 -14.861 Td [(But)-377(the)-376(conflict)-377(between)-377(good)-376(and)-377(evil,)-408(even)-377(on)-377(this)-376(earth,)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(will)-286(not)-286(last)-287(for)-286(ever.)-358(There)-286(will)-287(be)-286(a)-286(second)-286(coming)-286(of)-286(Mithra,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-357(is)-358(to)-357(be)-358(presaged)-357(by)-358(great)-357(plagues.)-572(The)-358(dead)-357(will)-357(arise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-387(their)-387(tombs)-387(to)-387(meet)-387(him.)-661(The)-387(mystic)-387(bull)-387(will)-387(again)-386(be)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(slain,)-229(and)-225(his)-224(blood,)-229(mingled)-225(with)-224(the)-224(juice)-225(of)-224(the)-224(sacred)-224(Haoma,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(will)-305(be)-305(drunk)-305(by)-304(the)-305(just,)-319(and)-305(impart)-304(to)-305(them)-305(the)-305(gift)-305(of)-304(eternal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 17.27 3.959 Td [(3136)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.028 -3.959 Td [(Fire)-212(from)-213(heaven)-212(will)-213(finally)-212(devour)-212(all)-213(that)-212(is)-213(evil.)-237(Thus)]TJ -36.298 -13.549 Td [(the)-349(slaughter)-350(of)-349(the)-349(bull,)-374(which)-349(is)-350(the)-349(image)-349(of)-349(the)-349(succession)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-394(decay)-395(and)-394(fructifying)-394(power)-395(in)-394(physical)-394(nature,)-431(is)-394(also)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(symbol)-216(and)-216(guarantee)-215(of)-216(a)-216(final)-216(victory)-216(over)-215(evil)-216(and)-216(death.)-238(And,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(typifying)-316(such)-317(lofty)-316(and)-317(consolatory)-316(truths,)-333(it)-317(naturally)-316(met)-316(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(eye)-336(of)-336(the)-336(worshipper)-336(in)-337(every)-336(chapel.)-508(It)-336(was)-336(also)-336(natural)-336(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-222(taurobolium,)-228(which)-222(was)-223(originally)-222(a)-222(rite)-223(of)-222(the)-222(Great)-222(Mother,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(should)-359(be)-359(absorbed,)-387(like)-359(so)-359(many)-359(alien)-359(rites)-360(and)-359(ideas,)-386(by)-359(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-231(which)-230(was)-231(the)-230(great)-231(triumph)-231(of)-230(syncretism.)-244(The)-230(baptism)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-351(blood)-351(was,)-377(indeed,)-376(a)-351(formal)-351(cleansing)-351(from)-351(impurity)-351(of)-351(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(flesh;)-221(but)-206(it)-206(was)-206(also)-206(cleansing)-206(in)-206(a)-206(higher)-206(sense.)-235(The)-206(inscriptions)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([610])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(the)-359(fourth)-358(century,)-386(which)-359(commemorate)-359(the)-359(blessing)-359(of)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(holy)-385(rite,)-419(often)-384(close)-385(with)-385(the)-385(words)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 170.649 0 Td [(in)-385(aeternum)-385(renatus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 90.816 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 2.727 3.959 Td [(3137)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(How)-368(far)-367(the)-368(phrase)-367(expressed)-368(a)-367(moral)-368(resurrection,)-396(how)-368(far)-367(it)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(records)-268(the)-268(sure)-268(hope)-268(of)-268(another)-269(life,)-272(we)-268(cannot)-268(presume)-268(to)-268(say.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Whether)-443(borrowed)-443(from)-442(Christian)-443(sources)-443(or)-443(not,)-491(it)-442(breathes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(an)-427(aspiration)-426(strangely)-427(different)-426(from)-427(the)-427(tone)-426(of)-427(old)-426(Roman)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.086 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(3135)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(308)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.31 Td [(3136)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(310.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(3137)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(150;)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.987 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(510;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.643 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(2352.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3220 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3221 0 R /Resources 3219 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3214 0 R >> endobj 3222 0 obj << /D [3220 0 R /XYZ 306.183 191.682 null] >> endobj 3219 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3225 0 obj << /Length 5612 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(736)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(religion,)-463(even)-420(at)-421(its)-420(best.)-761(There)-421(may)-420(have)-420(been)-421(a)-420(good)-420(deal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(ritualism)-360(in)-359(the)-359(cleansing)-359(of)-360(Mithra.)-577(Yet)-360(Mithra)-359(was,)-386(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-394(beginning,)-429(a)-394(distinctly)-394(moral)-394(power,)-429(and)-394(his)-394(worship)-393(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(apparently)-369(untainted)-369(by)-369(the)-369(licence)-369(which)-369(made)-369(other)-369(heathen)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(worships)-389(schools)-388(of)-389(cruelty)-389(and)-388(lust.)-666(His)-389(connection,)-423(indeed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-443(some)-443(of)-443(them,)-491(must)-442(at)-443(times)-443(have)-443(led)-443(his)-443(votaries)-442(into)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-310(than)-309(doubtful)-310(company;)-340(Sabazius)-309(and)-310(Magna)-310(Mater)-309(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dangerous)-337(allies.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 74.268 3.959 Td [(3138)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.011 -3.959 Td [(Yet,)-359(on)-337(the)-336(whole,)-359(it)-337(has)-337(been)-337(concluded)]TJ -96.279 -13.549 Td [(that)-389(Mithraism)-388(was)-389(a)-388(gospel)-389(of)-389(truth)-388(and)-389(purity,)-423(although)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(purity)-285(was)-285(often)-285(a)-284(matter)-285(of)-285(merely)-285(ceremonial)-285(purification)-284(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abstinence.)]TJ 11.956 -18.158 Td [(The)-307(day)-308(is)-307(far)-307(distant)-308(when)-307(the)-308(mass)-307(of)-307(men)-308(will)-307(be)-307(capable)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(of)-527(the)-527(austere)-526(mystic)-527(vision,)-596(which)-527(relies)-527(little)-527(on)-526(external)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ceremonies)-347(of)-346(worship.)-540(Certai)1(nly)-347(the)-346(last)-347(ages)-346(of)-347(paganism)-346(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-208(West)-208(were)-207(not)-208(ripe)-208(for)-208(any)-207(such)-208(reserved)-208(spirituality.)-236(And)-207(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religions)-260(which)-260(captivated)-260(the)-260(ages)-260(that)-260(preceded)-260(the)-260(triumph)-260(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-197(Catholic)-197(Church,)-207(while)-197(they)-197(strove)-196(to)-197(satisfy)-197(the)-197(deeper)-196(needs)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-371(the)-370(spirit,)-401(were)-370(more)-371(intensely)-371(sacerdotal,)-400(and)-371(more)-370(highly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(organised)-296(than)-296(the)-296(old)-296(religions)-296(of)-296(Greece)-296(and)-296(Rome.)-388(Probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(no)-225(small)-225(part)-225(of)-224(their)-225(strength)-225(lay)-225(in)-225(sacramental)-225(mystery,)-230(and)-224(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(occult)-324(sacred)-324(lore)-324(which)-324(was)-324(the)-324(monopoly)-324(of)-324(a)-324(class)-324(set)-323(apart)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-237(the)-236(world.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 67.877 3.958 Td [(3139)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.116 -3.958 Td [(Our)-237(knowledge)-236(of)-237(the)-236(Mithraic)-237(priesthood)-236(is)]TJ -86.993 -13.55 Td [(unfortunately)-164(scanty,)-181(and)-165(the)-164(ancient)-164(liturgy)-164(has)-164(perished.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.013 3.959 Td [(3140)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.853 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.866 -13.549 Td [(inscriptions)-276(mention)-277(an)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 106.019 0 Td [(ordo)-276(sacerdotum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 74.525 0 Td [(;)-290(and)-276(Tertullian)-277(speaks)]TJ -180.544 -13.549 Td [(of)-379(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 22.207 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(high)-379(pontiff)-380(of)-379(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 100.286 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.982 0 Td [(and)-379(of)-380(holy)-379(virgins)-379(and)-380(persons)]TJ -136.319 -13.549 Td [(vowed)-364(to)-364(continence)-363(in)-364(his)-364(service.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 159.511 3.959 Td [(3141)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.888 -3.959 Td [(The)-364(priestly)-364(functions)]TJ -182.399 -13.549 Td [(were)-464(certainly)-464(more)-464(constant)-463(and)-464(exacting)-464(than)-464(those)-464(of)-463(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(old)-342(priestly)-341(colleges)-342(of)-342(Greece)-341(and)-342(Rome.)-525(There)-342(were)-341(solemn)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([611])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 132.04 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 125.228 Td [(3138)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-454(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.794 0 Td [(6042;)-352(Gasquet,)-335(p.)-454(112,)-335(on)-318(the)-318(inscription)-318(of)-318(Vincentius,)-335(priest)]TJ -51.75 -10.959 Td [(of)-346(Sabazius,)-370(who)-346(was)-347(buried)-346(by)-346(the)-346(side)-346(of)-346(Aurelius,)-370(a)-347(priest)-346(of)-346(Mithra;)-394(cf.)]TJ 0 -10.959 Td [(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(92;)-250(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 80.447 0 Td [(M.)-250(Aur\350le)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 35.856 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(578-9,)-250(n.)-250(1.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -119.042 -7.311 Td [(3139)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(pp.)-250(299,)-250(323.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3140)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(313;)-250(cf.)-250(Dieterich,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 76.447 0 Td [(Mithrasliturgie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.803 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(25,)-250(26.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -157.897 -7.311 Td [(3141)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tert.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.478 0 Td [(De)-327(Praescrip.)-479(Haeret.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 85.355 0 Td [(c.)-480(40;)-364(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.759 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.604 0 Td [(vi.)-479(2151,)-346(Ordo)-327(sacerdotum)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3224 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3225 0 R /Resources 3223 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3214 0 R >> endobj 3226 0 obj << /D [3224 0 R /XYZ 342.657 147.737 null] >> endobj 3223 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3229 0 obj << /Length 6400 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(737)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(sacraments)-331(and)-330(complicated)-331(rites)-331(of)-330(initiation)-331(to)-331(be)-330(performed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Three)-276(times)-276(a)-276(day,)-283(at)-276(dawn,)-283(noon,)-282(and)-277(eveni)1(ng,)-283(the)-276(litany)-276(to)-276(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sun)-304(was)-303(recited.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 72.971 3.959 Td [(3142)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.915 -3.959 Td [(Daily)-303(sacrifice)-304(was)-303(offered)-304(at)-303(the)-304(altars)-303(of)]TJ -93.886 -13.549 Td [(various)-208(gods,)-216(with)-208(chanting)-208(and)-208(music.)-236(The)-208(climax)-208(of)-208(the)-207(solemn)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(office)-303(was)-303(probably)-304(marked)-303(by)-303(the)-303(sounding)-304(of)-303(a)-303(bell.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 240.938 3.959 Td [(3143)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.907 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.844 -13.549 Td [(turning)-286(on)-286(a)-286(pivot,)-295(the)-286(sacred)-286(slab)-286(in)-286(the)-286(apse)-286(displayed,)-295(for)-286(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(adoration)-211(of)-210(the)-211(faithful,)-218(the)-211(scene)-211(of)-210(the)-211(holy)-210(feast)-211(of)-211(Mithra)-210(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-318(Sun)-318(after)-317(their)-318(reconciliation.)-453(The)-318(seventh)-318(day)-318(of)-318(the)-317(week)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-362(sacred)-361(to)-362(the)-361(Sun,)-390(the)-361(sixteenth)-362(of)-362(each)-361(month)-362(to)-361(Mithra,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-340(the)-339(25th)-340(of)-340(December,)-362(as)-339(marking)-340(the)-339(sun)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 208.936 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-340(entrance)-339(on)-340(a)]TJ -212.568 -13.549 Td [(new)-264(course)-265(of)-264(triumph,)-268(was)-264(the)-265(great)-264(festival)-265(of)-264(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 242.007 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-264(sacred)]TJ -245.64 -13.549 Td [(year.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.501 3.959 Td [(3144)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -9.546 -18.554 Td [(Initiation)-336(in)-337(the)-336(mysteries,)-358(after)-336(many)-337(rites)-336(of)-336(cleansing)-337(and)]TJ -11.955 -13.55 Td [(trial,)-334(was)-317(the)-317(crowning)-318(privilege)-317(of)-317(the)-317(Mithraist)-318(believer.)-451(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gradation)-437(of)-437(spiritual)-437(rank,)-484(and)-437(the)-436(secrecy)-437(which)-437(bound)-437(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(votaries)-319(to)-319(one)-318(another)-319(in)-319(a)-319(sacred)-319(freemasonry,)-336(were)-319(a)-318(certain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(source)-261(of)-262(power.)-284(S.)-261(Jerome)-262(alone)-261(has)-262(preserved)-261(for)-262(us)-261(the)-261(seven)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(grades)-476(through)-477(which)-476(the)-476(neophyte)-476(rose)-477(to)-476(full)-476(communion.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(They)-342(were)-341(Corax,)-365(Cryphius,)-364(Miles,)-364(Leo,)-365(Perses,)-364(Heliodromus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-311(Pater.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.296 3.959 Td [(3145)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.177 -3.959 Td [(What)-311(their)-312(origin)-311(was)-312(who)-311(shall)-312(say?)-434(They)-312(may)]TJ -65.473 -13.549 Td [(correspond)-419(to)-419(the)-419(seven)-419(planets,)-461(and)-419(mark)-419(the)-418(various)-419(stages)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-397(the)-397(descent)-397(of)-397(the)-398(soul)-397(into)-397(flesh,)-434(and)-397(its)-397(rise)-397(again)-397(to)-397(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presence)-332(of)-332(God.)-497(According)-332(to)-332(Porphyry,)-353(the)-332(first)-332(three)-332(stages)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(were)-303(merely)-303(preliminary)-304(to)-303(complete)-303(initiation.)-410(Only)-303(the)-303(Lions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-286(full)-286(and)-286(real)-286(communicants,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 147.297 3.959 Td [(3146)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.657 -3.959 Td [(and)-286(the)-286(title)-286(Leo)-286(certainly)]TJ -166.954 -13.549 Td [(appears)-364(oftenest)-365(on)-364(inscriptions.)-593(The)-364(dignity)-364(Pater)-365(Patrum,)-392(or)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 167.453 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 8.9664 Tf 46.771 154.701 Td [(Mag.)-250(suo;)-250(xiv.)-250(403;)-250(xiv.)-250(65.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(3142)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(325.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3143)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.962 0 Td [(p.)-254(325;)-251(cf.)-254(Lafaye,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68.068 0 Td [(Div.)-254(d)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 21.945 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Alexandrie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.345 0 Td [(,)-251(p.)-254(138;)-252(flutes)-251(and)-251(bells)-251(have)-252(been)]TJ -156.261 -10.959 Td [(found)-250(among)-250(d\351bris)-250(of)-250(chapels,)-250(Cum.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 136.97 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(253)-250(\050p.)-250(380\051;)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(68.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -160.628 -7.31 Td [(3144)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(125.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(3145)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-351(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.459 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.347 0 Td [(107,)-376(\247)-350(2;)-401(Gasquet,)-376(pp.)-552(91,)-376(2;)-400(96;)-401(Cumont,)-376(Intr.)-552(p.)-552(315;)]TJ -69.761 -10.958 Td [(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(97.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.311 Td [(3146)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(De)-611(Abstin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 46.568 0 Td [(iv.)-1333(16.)-1332(Porphyry)-611(connects)-611(the)-611(degrees)-610(with)-611(ideas)-611(of)]TJ -58.523 -10.959 Td [(metempsychosis,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 63.759 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\272\277\271\275\314\304\267\304\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 46.921 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(\366)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\275)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 10.643 0 Td [(t)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\275)-250(\300\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.79 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\302)-250(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.756 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.949 0 Td [(\266)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.577 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\261)-250(\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 11.656 0 Td [(0)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\275\271\304\304\314\274\265\275\277\271)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.605 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.162 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3228 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3229 0 R /Resources 3227 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3214 0 R >> endobj 3227 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3232 0 obj << /Length 5600 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(738)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Pater)-248(Patratus,)-248(was)-248(much)-248(coveted,)-248(and)-248(conferred)-248(a)-248(real)-247(authority)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(over)-409(the)-410(brethren,)-449(with)-409(an)-409(official)-410(title)-409(to)-409(their)-410(reverence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3147)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-404(admission)-404(to)-403(each)-404(successive)-404(grade)-404(was)-404(accompanied)-403(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(symbolic)-407(ceremonies,)-446(as)-407(when)-406(the)-407(Miles)-407(put)-407(aside)-407(the)-406(crown)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(twice)-193(tendered)-193(to)-193(him,)-205(saying)-193(that)-193(Mithra)-193(was)-193(his)-193(only)-194(crown.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3148)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-258(veil)-258(of)-258(the)-257(Cryphius,)-260(and)-258(the)-258(Phrygian)-258(bonnet)-258(of)-258(the)-257(Perses,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-535(a)-534(significance)-535(or)-535(a)-535(history)-534(which)-535(needs)-535(no)-534(comment.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Admission)-348(to)-348(full)-347(communion)-348(was)-348(preceded)-348(by)-348(austerities)-347(and)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([612])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.549 Td [(ordeals)-183(which)-183(were)-184(made)-183(the)-183(subject)-183(of)-183(exaggeration)-183(and)-183(slander.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-247(neophyte,)-248(blindfold)-247(and)-248(bound,)-247(was)-248(obliged)-247(to)-247(pass)-247(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(flame.)-307(It)-269(was)-269(said)-269(that)-269(he)-269(had)-269(to)-269(take)-269(part)-269(in)-269(a)-268(simulated)-269(murder)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-217(a)-218(blood-dripping)-217(sword.)-239(On)-218(the)-217(sculpture)-218(of)-217(Heddernheim)-217(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(figure)-218(is)-217(seen)-218(standing)-217(deep)-218(in)-217(snow.)-239(These)-218(ceremonies)-217(probably)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(went)-248(back)-248(to)-248(the)-248(scenes)-248(and)-248(ages)-248(in)-248(which)-248(mutilations)-248(in)-247(honour)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-235(Bellona)-234(and)-235(Magna)-234(Mater)-235(took)-234(their)-235(rise.)-245(They)-234(may)-235(also)-234(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-370(a)-369(lesson,)-399(or)-370(a)-369(test)-370(of)-370(apathy)-369(and)-370(moral)-369(courage.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.789 3.959 Td [(3149)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.078 -3.959 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.549 Td [(the)-334(tales)-334(of)-334(murder)-335(and)-334(torture)-334(connected)-334(with)-334(these)-334(rites)-334(have)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(probably)-417(no)-418(better)-417(foundation)-417(than)-418(similar)-417(slanders)-417(about)-417(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(early)-250(Christian)-250(mysteries.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 111.807 3.958 Td [(3150)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -99.851 -18.39 Td [(The)-390(votaries)-391(of)-390(Mithra,)-425(like)-391(those)-390(of)-390(Isis)-391(and)-390(other)-390(eastern)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(deities,)-510(formed)-457(themselves)-458(into)-458(guilds)-457(which)-458(were)-457(organised)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-367(the)-367(model)-366(of)-367(ordinary)-367(sodalities)-367(and)-366(colleges.)-601(As)-366(funerary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(societies,)-467(or)-423(under)-424(the)-423(shelter)-423(of)-424(Magna)-423(Mater,)-467(they)-423(escaped)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(persecution.)-659(They)-387(had)-386(their)-386(roll)-387(of)-386(members,)-421(their)-386(council)-386(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(decurions,)-339(their)-322(masters)-321(and)-322(curators.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 166.307 3.959 Td [(3151)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.505 -3.959 Td [(And,)-339(like)-322(the)-321(secular)]TJ -187.812 -13.549 Td [(colleges,)-463(they)-420(depended)-420(to)-420(a)-420(great)-420(extent,)-463(for)-420(the)-420(erection)-420(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chapels)-317(and)-317(the)-317(endowment)-316(of)-317(their)-317(services,)-334(on)-317(the)-316(generosity)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.286 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.474 Td [(3147)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(101;)-250(R\351ville,)-250(p.)-250(97.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3148)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tert.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.421 0 Td [(De)-250(Corona)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.097 0 Td [(,)-250(xv.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -74.213 -7.311 Td [(3149)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(322.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(3150)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Lamprid.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 35.301 0 Td [(Commodus)-229(Ant.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 59.156 0 Td [(c.)-243(9,)-234(sacra)-229(Mithriaca)-229(homicidio)-229(vero)-230(polluit,)-233(cum)]TJ -106.413 -10.959 Td [(illic)-250(aliquid)-250(ad)-250(speciem)-250(timoris,)-250(vel)-250(dici)-250(vel)-250(fingi)-250(soleat;)-250(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(90.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.394 Td [(3151)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-267(Intr.)-290(p.)-291(326.)-290(For)-263(the)-264(organisation)-263(of)-264(the)-263(societies)-264(of)-263(Magna)-264(Mater)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf -11.956 -10.959 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.805 0 Td [(Foucart,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.3 0 Td [(Associations)-288(Religieuses)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 88.757 0 Td [(,)-297(p.)-364(20)-288(sqq.)-364(Cf)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 55.948 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 23.258 0 Td [(vi.)-364(717;)-307(vi.)-363(734;)-307(vi.)]TJ -209.068 -10.959 Td [(3728;)-250(xiv.)-250(286;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 56.793 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6042)-250(\050Sentinum\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3231 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3232 0 R /Resources 3230 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3214 0 R >> endobj 3233 0 obj << /D [3231 0 R /XYZ 144.618 423.331 null] >> endobj 3230 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3236 0 obj << /Length 6157 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(739)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-230(their)-230(wealthier)-230(members)-230(and)-230(patrons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 172.806 3.959 Td [(3152)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.093 -3.959 Td [(One)-230(man)-230(might)-230(give)]TJ -191.899 -13.549 Td [(the)-331(site)-331(of)-332(a)-331(chapel,)-351(another)-332(a)-331(marble)-331(altar;)-372(a)-331(poor)-331(slave)-331(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(contribute)-241(out)-241(of)-241(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 90.518 0 Td [(peculium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.623 0 Td [(a)-241(lamp)-241(or)-241(little)-241(image)-242(to)-241(adorn)-241(the)]TJ -133.141 -13.549 Td [(walls)-250(of)-250(the)-250(crypt.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.775 3.958 Td [(3153)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -66.819 -18.68 Td [(One)-386(undoubted)-385(cause)-386(of)-385(the)-386(success)-385(of)-386(Mithra)-385(in)-386(the)-385(West)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(was)-268(the)-269(spirit)-268(of)-268(fraternity)-269(and)-268(charity)-268(which)-269(was)-268(fostered)-268(in)-268(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(guilds.)-228(The)-184(hopeless)-184(obscurity)-184(and)-184(depression)-184(of)-184(the)-184(plebeian)-184(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(servile)-263(classes)-263(had)-262(some)-263(alleviation)-263(in)-263(companies)-263(where,)-266(for)-262(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moment,)-318(the)-305(poor)-304(and)-305(lowly-born)-304(found)-305(himself)-304(on)-305(an)-304(equality)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-350(his)-350(social)-350(superiors.)-550(Plebeians)-350(and)-350(the)-350(slaves)-350(had)-350(a)-350(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(part)-353(in)-353(the)-353(propagation)-352(of)-353(the)-353(eastern)-353(worships,)-379(and)-352(especially)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-404(of)-403(the)-404(God)-403(of)-404(Light.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.036 3.959 Td [(3154)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.192 -3.959 Td [(In)-404(his)-403(mysteries)-404(and)-403(guilds)-404(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 151.796 0 Td [([613])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(highest)-226(dignities)-226(were)-226(open)-226(to)-226(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 156.861 3.959 Td [(3155)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.078 -3.959 Td [(Moreover,)-231(from)-226(the)-226(size)]TJ -175.939 -13.549 Td [(of)-351(the)-351(chapels)-351(it)-350(is)-351(clear)-351(that)-351(the)-351(congregations)-351(were)-350(generally)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(small,)-295(so)-286(that)-286(the)-285(members)-286(of)-286(lower)-286(social)-286(importance)-286(were)-285(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(lost)-277(in)-277(a)-277(crowd.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 68.152 3.959 Td [(3156)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.052 -3.959 Td [(Growing)-277(numbers)-277(were)-277(accommodated,)-284(not)]TJ -88.204 -13.549 Td [(by)-250(enlarging,)-250(but)-250(by)-250(multiplying)-250(the)-250(shrines.)]TJ 11.956 -14.722 Td [(In)-316(the)-317(sacraments)-316(of)-317(Mithra,)-333(Tertullian)-317(and)-316(other)-316(Apologists)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(perceived)-235(a)-236(diabolic)-235(parody)-235(of)-235(the)-236(usages)-235(of)-235(the)-236(Church.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.554 3.959 Td [(3157)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.113 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -263.667 -13.549 Td [(acceptio)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.662 0 Td [(of)-248(the)-247(neophytes,)-248(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 93.522 0 Td [(sacramentum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 58.778 0 Td [(,)-248(in)-248(which)-247(they)-248(were)]TJ -191.962 -13.549 Td [(pledged)-427(to)-427(secrecy)-427(and)-427(holy)-427(service,)-471(the)-427(sign)-427(or)-427(brand)-426(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-398(the)-399(brow)-398(of)-399(the)-398(Miles,)-435(the)-399(ablutions)-398(or)-399(baptism)-398(with)-398(holy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(water,)-446(as)-406(in)-407(the)-406(rites)-407(of)-406(Isis,)-446(whatever)-407(their)-406(origin,)-446(could)-406(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fail,)-443(in)-404(an)-404(age)-405(of)-404(death-struggle)-404(for)-404(supremacy,)-443(to)-404(arouse)-404(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(suspicions)-213(and)-213(fears)-213(of)-213(the)-214(champions)-213(of)-213(the)-213(Church.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 227.955 3.959 Td [(3158)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.032 -3.959 Td [(Finally,)]TJ -246.987 -13.549 Td [(the)-287(consecrated)-287(bread)-287(and)-288(mingled)-287(water)-287(and)-287(wine,)-296(which)-287(were)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.985 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 159.089 Td [(3152)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Or.)-245(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.164 0 Td [(6042;)-239(on)-234(the)-235(doubt,)-237(however,)-237(as)-234(to)-234(the)-234(meaning)-235(of)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 180.974 0 Td [(patroni)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 28.505 0 Td [(in)-234(this)]TJ -258.598 -10.959 Td [(inscription)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.599 0 Td [(v.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.374 0 Td [(note;)-250(and)-250(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(327,)-250(n.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -74.713 -7.395 Td [(3153)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.382 0 Td [(l.c.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.077 -7.394 Td [(3154)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.997 0 Td [(p.)-265(264.)-265(Cf.)-265(dedications)-255(by)-255(slaves)-255(or)-255(liberti,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 155.045 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.954 0 Td [(67,)-256(245,)-256(175,)-257(53,)-256(410,)]TJ -201.951 -10.959 Td [(47,)-250(178,)-250(292.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.74 -7.394 Td [(3155)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 13.449 0 Td [(Or.)-250(Henz.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(6042;)-250(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(327,)-250(n.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -65.498 -7.394 Td [(3156)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(For)-250(the)-250(dimensions)-250(of)-250(one)-250(at)-250(Rome)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 128.264 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.382 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(19)-250(\050p.)-250(205\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -205.723 -7.395 Td [(3157)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Tert.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.421 0 Td [(De)-250(Pr.)-250(Haeret.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 55.529 0 Td [(c.)-250(40.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -89.645 -7.394 Td [(3158)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(84;)-250(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(318.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3235 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3236 0 R /Resources 3234 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3238 0 R >> endobj 3237 0 obj << /D [3235 0 R /XYZ 216.622 367.961 null] >> endobj 3234 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3241 0 obj << /Length 6130 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(740)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(only)-246(offered)-245(to)-246(the)-245(higher)-246(grades,)-246(may)-246(well)-246(have)-245(seemed)-246(the)-245(last)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-387(worst)-387(profanation)-386(of)-387(the)-387(most)-387(solemn)-386(Christian)-387(rite.)-660(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(draught)-256(from)-256(the)-256(mystic)-255(cup,)-258(originally)-256(the)-255(juice)-256(of)-256(Haoma,)-257(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(supposed)-198(to)-197(have)-198(supernatural)-197(effects.)-232(It)-198(imparted)-197(not)-198(only)-197(health)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-351(prosperity)-351(and)-351(wi)1(sdom,)-377(but)-350(also)-351(the)-351(power)-351(to)-351(conquer)-350(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirits)-204(of)-205(evil)-204(and)-204(darkness,)-214(and)-204(a)-204(secret)-205(virtue)-204(which)-204(might)-204(elude)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(grasp)-250(of)-250(death.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 80.586 3.959 Td [(3159)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -68.63 -19.472 Td [(The)-275(temples)-274(in)-275(which)-274(these)-275(rites)-274(took)-275(place)-274(repeated)-275(for)-274(ages)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-209(same)-209(original)-210(type.)-236(Mithra)-209(and)-210(his)-209(cave)-209(are)-209(inseparable)-209(ideas,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-279(the)-279(name)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 61.846 0 Td [(spelaeum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.204 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 5.85 0 Td [(antrum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 31.517 0 Td [(,)-286(or)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 17.982 0 Td [(specus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(,)-286(remained)-279(to)-279(the)-279(end)]TJ -187.483 -13.549 Td [(the)-417(regular)-416(designation)-417(of)-417(his)-416(chapels.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 174.516 3.959 Td [(3160)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.62 -3.959 Td [(In)-417(country)-416(places,)]TJ -199.136 -13.549 Td [(grottoes)-352(or)-353(recesses)-352(on)-352(the)-352(side)-353(of)-352(a)-352(rocky)-353(hill)-352(might)-352(supply)-352(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(natural)-242(oratory)-242(of)-242(the)-242(ancient)-241(type.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 150.429 3.959 Td [(3161)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.136 -3.959 Td [(But,)-244(in)-241(the)-242(centre)-242(of)-242(great)]TJ -169.565 -13.549 Td [(towns,)-234(the)-230(skill)-230(of)-230(the)-230(architect)-230(had)-230(to)-230(simulate)-230(the)-230(rude)-229(structure)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-396(the)-397(original)-396(cavern.)-689(Entering)-396(through)-396(an)-396(open)-397(portico,)-432(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(worshipper)-389(found)-389(himself)-389(in)-388(an)-389(antechapel,)-424(through)-389(which)-388(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(passed)-206(into)-205(another)-206(chamber)-206(which)-205(was)-206(called)-206(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 217.292 0 Td [(apparatorium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 60.611 0 Td [(,)]TJ -277.903 -13.549 Td [(where)-192(the)-193(priests)-192(and)-192(neophytes)-192(arrayed)-193(themselves)-192(in)-192(their)-192(robes)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-280(masques)-281(before)-280(the)-281(holy)-280(rites.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 144.056 3.958 Td [(3162)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.161 -3.958 Td [(Thence)-280(they)-281(descended)-280(by)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -236.972 0 Td [([614])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(stairs)-438(to)-439(the)-438(level)-438(of)-439(the)-438(cave-like)-438(crypt,)-486(which)-438(was)-438(the)-438(true)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sanctuary.)-240(On)-221(each)-221(side)-221(there)-221(ran)-221(a)-221(bench)-221(of)-221(stone,)-227(on)-221(which)-220(was)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ranged)-169(the)-170(company)-169(of)-169(the)-170(initiated.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 153.15 3.959 Td [(3163)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.872 -3.959 Td [(The)-169(central)-170(aisle)-169(led)-169(up)-170(to)]TJ -172.022 -13.549 Td [(the)-251(apse,)-251(against)-250(the)-251(walls)-250(of)-251(which)-251(was)-250(set)-251(the)-251(sculptured)-250(scene)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-209(the)-210(slaying)-209(of)-209(the)-210(bull,)-217(surrounded)-209(by)-210(the)-209(symbolic)-209(figures)-209(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(emblems)-375(of)-374(Chaldaean)-375(star-lore,)-405(with)-375(altars)-374(in)-375(front.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 237.992 3.959 Td [(3164)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.242 -3.959 Td [(This)]TJ -261.234 -13.549 Td [(was)-260(the)-260(holiest)-260(place,)-262(and,)-263(from)-259(some)-260(remains,)-263(it)-260(would)-260(seem)-259(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 165.322 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 158.426 Td [(3159)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(pp.)-250(81,)-250(82;)-250(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(320.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3160)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Just.)-337(Mart,)-286(c.)-336(78;)-294(Porphyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 98.929 0 Td [(De)-279(Antro)-279(Nymph.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 66.025 0 Td [(c.)-337(5;)-293(Tertull.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 48.513 0 Td [(De)-279(Cor.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.65 0 Td [(xv.;)-293(S.)]TJ -257.073 -10.959 Td [(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 29.383 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(57,)-250(107.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -46.567 -7.31 Td [(3161)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(57;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 73.479 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.919 0 Td [(237.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -109.093 -7.311 Td [(3162)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-450(Intr.)-729(p.)-730(59.)-729(Cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 105.668 0 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.351 0 Td [(iii.)-730(1096,)-449(cryptam)-410(cum)-410(porticibus)-410(et)]TJ -141.975 -10.959 Td [(apparatorio)-250(et)-250(exedra,)-250(etc.;)-250(iii.)-250(3960.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.31 Td [(3163)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-264(Intr.)-285(p.)-285(61;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 74.39 0 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.568 0 Td [(the)-262(sketch)-261(of)-262(the)-261(Mithraeum)-262(under)-262(the)-261(Church)-262(of)-262(S.)]TJ -94.913 -10.959 Td [(Clement,)-250(at)-250(Rome,)-250(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 102.871 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(19.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -126.529 -7.311 Td [(3164)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(19.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3240 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3241 0 R /Resources 3239 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3238 0 R >> endobj 3242 0 obj << /D [3240 0 R /XYZ 216.086 272.325 null] >> endobj 3243 0 obj << /D [3240 0 R /XYZ 196.415 77.262 null] >> endobj 3239 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3247 0 obj << /Length 6146 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(741)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(have)-282(been)-283(railed)-282(in,)-290(like)-283(the)-282(chancel)-282(of)-283(one)-282(of)-282(our)-283(churches.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3165)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-239(neophyte,)-242(as)-239(he)-239(approached,)-242(must)-239(have)-240(been)-239(impressed)-239(by)-239(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dazzling)-294(scene.)-381(On)-293(either)-294(side)-294(the)-293(congregation)-294(knelt)-294(in)-293(prayer.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Countless)-245(lamps)-245(shed)-244(their)-245(brilliant)-245(light)-244(on)-245(the)-245(forms)-245(of)-244(ancient)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Hellenic)-239(gods,)-241(or)-239(on)-238(the)-239(images)-239(of)-239(the)-238(mighty)-239(powers)-239(of)-239(earth)-238(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ether)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 21.808 3.959 Td [(3166)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.438 -3.959 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(above)-168(all,)-185(on)-168(the)-168(sacred)-168(scene)-168(which)-168(was)-168(the)-169(memorial)]TJ -49.155 -13.549 Td [(of)-294(the)-294(might)-294(of)-294(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.331 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(unconquered.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.073 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.05 0 Td [(The)-294(ancient)-294(rhythmic)-294(litany)]TJ -158.298 -13.549 Td [(was)-286(chanted)-286(to)-286(the)-286(sound)-286(of)-286(music;)-304(the)-286(lights)-286(came)-286(and)-286(went)-285(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(startling)-231(alternations)-230(of)-231(splendour)-230(and)-231(gloom.)-244(The)-230(draught)-231(of)-230(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sacred)-270(cup)-270(seemed)-270(to)-270(ravish)-270(the)-270(sense.)-310(And)-270(the)-270(votary,)-275(as)-270(in)-270(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Isiac)-242(vision)-242(in)-242(Apuleius,)-244(for)-242(a)-242(moment)-242(seemed)-242(borne)-242(beyond)-242(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bounds)-250(of)-250(space)-250(and)-250(time)-250(into)-250(mystic)-250(distances.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.862 3.959 Td [(3167)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -195.906 -18.34 Td [(The)-391(Persian)-391(cult)-391(owed)-391(much)-391(of)-391(its)-391(success)-391(to)-391(imperial)-390(and)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(aristocratic)-421(favour.)-764(The)-421(last)-421(pagan)-421(emperor)-421(of)-421(the)-422(West,)-463(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-389(generation)-389(of)-390(the)-389(pagan)-389(aristocracy,)-424(were)-389(devotees)-389(of)-389(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Sun-god.)-431(It)-310(is)-310(a)-311(curious)-310(thing)-310(that)-310(even)-311(under)-310(the)-310(early)-310(Empire)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithraism)-285(seems)-284(never)-285(to)-285(have)-285(suffered)-284(from)-285(the)-285(suspicion)-284(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(persecution)-267(with)-267(which)-268(other)-267(alien)-267(worships)-267(had)-267(to)-268(contend.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3168)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Its)-301(close)-302(league)-301(with)-301(the)-302(cult)-301(of)-301(the)-302(Great)-301(Mother,)-314(which,)-314(since)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-260(second)-260(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 84.854 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.073 0 Td [(,)-263(had)-260(been)-260(an)-260(established)-260(institution,)-262(may)]TJ -99.927 -13.55 Td [(have)-481(saved)-482(Mithra)-481(from)-481(official)-481(mistrust.)-944(He)-481(also)-481(emerged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-289(prominence)-290(in)-289(the)-289(age)-290(in)-289(which)-289(imperial)-290(jealousy)-289(of)-289(guilds)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-386(colleges)-386(was)-386(visibly)-386(relaxing)-386(its)-386(precautions.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 222.511 3.959 Td [(3169)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.616 -3.959 Td [(A)-386(more)]TJ -246.127 -13.549 Td [(satisfying)-396(explanation)-397(may)-396(perhaps)-397(be)-396(found)-397(in)-396(the)-396(sympathy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-355(the)-356(Flavian)-355(dynasty)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.717 3.958 Td [(3170)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.316 -3.958 Td [(and)-355(the)-356(princes)-355(of)-356(the)-355(third)-356(century)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 169.991 0 Td [([615])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.55 Td [(for)-349(the)-350(religious)-349(ideas)-349(of)-349(the)-349(East,)-375(and)-349(in)-349(the)-349(manifest)-349(support)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-309(heliolatry)-309(lent)-309(to)-309(growing)-309(absolutism)-309(and)-309(the)-309(worship)-309(of)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 154.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 147.507 Td [(3165)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(64.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3166)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Twenty-six)-363(lamps)-364(were)-363(found)-363(in)-363(one)-364(Mithraeum,)-391(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 220.322 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.935 0 Td [(250)-363(\050p.)]TJ -254.212 -10.959 Td [(362\051.)-250(For)-250(the)-250(classical)-250(gods,)-250(cf.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 114.303 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(221)-250(\050p.)-250(326\051,)-250(235,)-250(246)-250(\050p.)-250(349\051.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -137.961 -7.311 Td [(3167)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Apul.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(Met.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.426 0 Td [(xi.)-250(c.)-250(22.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -55.537 -7.31 Td [(3168)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(279)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3169)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(v.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 8.464 0 Td [(supra,)-250(p.)-250(254.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -23.159 -7.351 Td [(3170)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 21.71 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.342 0 Td [(iv.)-393(v.)-394(vii.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.081 0 Td [(Tit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.882 0 Td [(v.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 12.101 0 Td [(Domit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.328 0 Td [(i.)-393(xiv.;)-322(cf.)-393(Renan,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 68 0 Td [(Les)-298(\311vangiles)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 50.487 0 Td [(,)-310(p.)]TJ -268.886 -10.959 Td [(226)-250(sq.;)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.638 0 Td [(L)]TJ/F44 8.9664 Tf 4.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 2.986 0 Td [(Ant\351christ)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.861 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(491.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3246 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3247 0 R /Resources 3245 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3238 0 R /Annots [ 3244 0 R ] >> endobj 3244 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [91.095 84.973 113.511 96.093] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg254) >> >> endobj 3248 0 obj << /D [3246 0 R /XYZ 204.643 192.162 null] >> endobj 3245 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3251 0 obj << /Length 6268 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(742)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-250(Caesars.)]TJ 11.956 -20.136 Td [(The)-419(apotheosis)-419(of)-419(the)-418(emperors)-419(began)-419(even)-419(in)-419(the)-419(time)-418(of)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(the)-335(first)-334(Caesar,)-356(who)-335(rose)-334(to)-335(the)-335(highest)-334(divine)-335(honours)-334(before)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(his)-399(death.)-695(But)-399(it)-398(was)-399(long)-398(a)-399(fluctuating)-398(and)-399(hesitating)-398(creed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-459(provinces,)-511(and)-458(particularly)-459(the)-459(cities)-458(of)-459(Asia)-459(Minor,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3171)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(were)-390(more)-390(eager)-389(to)-390(decree)-390(temples)-389(and)-390(divine)-390(honours)-390(to)-389(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(lord)-366(of)-366(the)-366(world)-366(than)-365(even)-366(the)-366(common)-366(people)-366(of)-366(Italy.)-597(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superstitious)-271(masses)-271(and)-271(the)-271(soldiery,)-277(indeed,)-276(were)-271(equal)-271(to)-271(any)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(enthusiasm)-275(of)-276(flattery)-275(and)-276(superstition.)-326(But)-276(the)-275(cultivated)-275(upper)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class,)-516(in)-464(spite)-463(of)-463(the)-463(effusive)-463(compliance)-463(of)-463(court)-464(poets,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3172)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(having)-290(but)-290(little)-290(belief)-289(in)-290(any)-290(Divine)-290(Powers,)-300(were)-290(not)-290(likely)-289(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(yield)-326(an)-327(easy)-326(faith)-327(to)-326(the)-326(godhead)-327(of)-326(a)-326(Claudius)-327(or)-326(a)-327(Nero.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3173)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-466(emperors)-467(themselves,)-520(belonging)-466(to)-467(this)-466(class,)-520(and)-466(often)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sharing)-211(its)-212(fastidious)-211(scepticism,)-219(for)-211(a)-212(time)-211(judiciously)-211(restrained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-356(too)-356(exuberant)-356(devotion)-356(to)-356(their)-356(person.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 183.582 3.959 Td [(3174)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.636 -3.959 Td [(The)-356(influence)-356(of)]TJ -206.218 -13.549 Td [(Herod)-309(may)-309(have)-310(filled)-309(the)-309(lunatic)-309(imagination)-309(of)-309(Caligula)-309(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(dreams)-328(of)-328(an)-328(eastern)-327(despotism)-328(and)-328(the)-328(superhuman)-328(dignity)-327(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 26.368 3.958 Td [(3175)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.015 -3.958 Td [(Nero,)-217(who)-209(had)-208(visions)-209(of)-209(a)-209(new)-208(monarchy)-209(with)-209(its)-208(seat)]TJ -45.383 -13.55 Td [(on)-281(eastern)-280(hills,)-288(may)-281(have)-280(rejoiced)-281(in)-280(being)-280(adored)-281(by)-280(Tiridates)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-354(the)-354(equal)-354(of)-354(Mithra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 103.006 3.959 Td [(3176)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.571 -3.959 Td [(But)-354(the)-354(politic)-354(Augustus,)-380(while)-354(he)]TJ -125.577 -13.549 Td [(permitted)-389(the)-390(foundation)-389(of)-390(temples)-389(and)-389(priestly)-390(orders)-389(in)-389(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(honour)-176(throughout)-177(the)-176(provinces,)-191(and)-176(even)-177(in)-176(Italian)-176(towns,)-191(along)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-365(the)-364(divinity)-365(of)-364(Rome,)-393(obstinately)-365(refused)-364(to)-365(have)-364(shrines)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(erected)-437(to)-437(him)-436(in)-437(the)-437(capital.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 134.41 3.959 Td [(3177)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.278 -3.959 Td [(Tiberius)-437(pursued)-437(the)-436(same)]TJ -159.688 -13.549 Td [(policy,)-328(which)-313(was)-313(congenial)-313(to)-312(his)-313(cold,)-329(realistic)-312(temperament.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Vespasian,)-264(although)-261(eastern)-261(superstition)-261(had)-261(a)-261(certain)-261(charm)-261(for)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 154.524 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 147.711 Td [(3171)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(xliii.)-250(14;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 82.939 0 Td [(Ann.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(iv.)-250(15;)-250(vi.)-250(18.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -116.562 -7.31 Td [(3172)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Mart.)-250(ix.)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3173)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Sen.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 17.932 0 Td [(Lud.)-250(De)-250(Morte)-250(Claud.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 81.693 0 Td [(c.)-250(12;)-250(cf.)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 67.49 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(193.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -219.164 -7.311 Td [(3174)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Aug.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(c.)-250(lii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -54.048 -7.394 Td [(3175)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Calig.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.415 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxii.;)-250(Meriv.)-250(vi.)-250(pp.)-250(4-9.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -51.062 -7.311 Td [(3176)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-322(Cass.)-465(lxiii.)-465(5,)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 65.585 0 Td [(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.788 0 Td [(\273\270\277\275)-322(\300\301\314\302)-321(\303\265)-322(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.905 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.431 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-322(\270\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.67 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.466 0 Td [(\275)-322(\300\301\277\303\272\305\275\256\303\311\275)-321(\303\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 72.565 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.277 0 Td [(\302)-322(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 15.822 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -277.993 -10.958 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.855 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\234\257\270\301\261\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.664 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -45.724 -7.311 Td [(3177)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Suet.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.425 0 Td [(Aug.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.928 0 Td [(lii.;)-250(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(li.)-250(20;)-250(lxvii.)-250(13;)-250(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 138.504 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.354 0 Td [(i.)-250(p.)-250(163.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3250 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3251 0 R /Resources 3249 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3238 0 R >> endobj 3249 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F26 147 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3254 0 obj << /Length 6317 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(743)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(him,)-218(jested)-210(on)-210(his)-209(death-bed)-210(about)-210(his)-210(own)-210(claims)-210(to)-210(divinity.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3178)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(It)-255(was)-255(reserved)-256(for)-255(his)-255(son)-255(Domitian)-255(to)-256(be)-255(the)-255(first)-255(emperor)-255(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(claimed)-274(the)-275(salutation)-274(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 111.356 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Dominus)-274(et)-275(Deus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.285 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.837 0 Td [(in)-274(his)-275(lifetime.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 63.871 3.959 Td [(3179)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-203(best)-202(of)-203(the)-202(early)-203(emperors)-203(aspired)-202(to)-203(full)-202(divine)-203(honours)-202(only)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(when)-250(their)-250(career)-250(on)-250(earth)-250(had)-250(closed.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([616])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -279.068 -18.021 Td [(Many)-487(historic)-487(causes)-487(made)-487(their)-487(posthumous)-487(elevation)-487(t)1(o)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(divine)-286(rank)-286(seem)-286(not)-286(unnatural.)-359(The)-286(cult)-286(of)-286(the)-286(Manes,)-295(or)-286(good)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirits)-396(of)-396(departed)-395(friends)-396(and)-396(ancestors,)-432(prepared)-396(the)-395(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mind)-490(to)-490(adore)-489(the)-490(memory)-490(of)-490(the)-490(father)-489(of)-490(the)-490(State.)-969(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legendary)-480(kings)-481(of)-480(the)-480(Latin)-481(race)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 156.465 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(Saturnus,)-538(Faunus,)-538(Picus,)]TJ -167.374 -13.549 Td [(Latinus)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.728 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(were)-455(worshipped)-454(as)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 96.066 0 Td [(Di)-455(indigetes)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 55.262 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 3.033 3.958 Td [(3180)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.515 -3.958 Td [(Romulus)-455(had)]TJ -220.513 -13.55 Td [(vanished)-435(in)-435(a)-435(tempest)-435(and)-435(been)-435(carried)-435(up)-435(to)-435(heaven)-435(to)-434(join)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-465(company)-466(of)-465(the)-465(gods.)-896(The)-466(hero-worship)-465(of)-465(the)-465(Greeks,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-476(raised)-476(to)-476(semi-divine)-476(state)-476(after)-476(death)-476(those)-476(who)-476(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(done)-251(great)-250(deeds)-251(of)-251(service)-251(to)-250(mankind,)-251(who)-251(had)-251(founded)-250(cities,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-431(manifested)-430(splendid)-431(gifts)-431(of)-431(mind)-430(or)-431(body,)-476(influenced)-430(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imagination)-299(of)-300(a)-299(people)-299(who)-299(had)-300(long)-299(sat)-299(at)-300(the)-299(feet)-299(of)-299(Greece.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-328(cities)-329(raised)-328(altars)-329(to)-328(Rome)-329(and)-328(to)-329(Roman)-328(generals)-328(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-239(enslaved)-239(them.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 83.679 3.959 Td [(3181)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.124 -3.959 Td [(When)-239(the)-239(Senate)-238(decreed)-239(divine)-239(honours)]TJ -102.803 -13.549 Td [(to)-388(a)-388(dead)-388(emperor,)-422(he)-388(became)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 142.38 0 Td [(divus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.029 0 Td [(,)-422(not)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 25.507 0 Td [(deus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.996 0 Td [(,)-422(at)-388(least)-388(to)-388(the)]TJ -210.912 -13.549 Td [(cultivated)-208(class,)-216(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 89.612 0 Td [(divus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.298 0 Td [(is)-208(a)-208(title)-208(which)-208(even)-208(modern)-208(sentiment)]TJ -114.91 -13.55 Td [(might)-359(accord)-359(to)-360(men)-359(who)-359(have)-359(borne)-360(a)-359(great)-359(and)-359(shining)-359(part)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-320(a)-320(world-wide)-320(system)-320(of)-320(administration.)-460(The)-320(Spartan)-319(women)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(were)-302(said)-303(to)-302(call)-302(great)-302(warriors,)-316(men)-302(who)-302(won)-302(their)-302(admiration)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-349(gallantry,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60.305 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(divine.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(3182)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.247 -3.959 Td [(To)-349(the)-349(masses)-349(the)-349(dead)-349(emperor)-350(no)]TJ -120.239 -13.549 Td [(doubt)-298(became)-297(a)-298(veritable)-297(god,)-309(as)-298(the)-297(image)-298(of)-297(M.)-298(Aurelius)-297(two)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(centuries)-301(after)-301(his)-301(death)-300(was)-301(found)-301(among)-301(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 207.423 0 Td [(penates)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.609 0 Td [(of)-301(every)]TJ -244.032 -13.549 Td [(pious)-377(family)-377(in)-377(the)-377(West.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 115.537 3.959 Td [(3183)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.321 -3.959 Td [(But)-377(the)-377(philosophic)-377(man)-377(of)-377(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 132.362 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 125.549 Td [(3178)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Vesp.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 21.914 0 Td [(c.)-250(xxiii.)-250(vae,)-250(inquit,)-250(puto,)-250(deus)-250(fio.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -48.561 -7.311 Td [(3179)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Id.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(Domit.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(c.)-250(xiii.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -53.546 -7.31 Td [(3180)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Virg.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 20.918 0 Td [(Georg.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 27.393 0 Td [(i.)-250(498;)-250(Warde)-250(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 81.181 0 Td [(Rom.)-250(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 53.296 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(258.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -197.483 -7.311 Td [(3181)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 18.937 0 Td [(Flamin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 30.387 0 Td [(c.)-250(16;)-250(cf.)-250(Herod.)-250(v.)-250(47;)-250(Thuc.)-250(v.)-250(11.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -64.019 -7.31 Td [(3182)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plato,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(Meno)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 20.416 0 Td [(,)-250(99)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 15.691 0 Td [(D)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 5.935 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -79.655 -7.311 Td [(3183)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.889 0 Td [(M.)-250(Aurel.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 36.359 0 Td [(c.)-250(18.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3253 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3254 0 R /Resources 3252 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3238 0 R >> endobj 3255 0 obj << /D [3253 0 R /XYZ 46.771 463.837 null] >> endobj 3252 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3258 0 obj << /Length 5580 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(744)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(world)-466(might)-466(also)-465(honestly)-466(accept)-466(the)-466(imperial)-466(apotheosis)-465(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-399(decree)-399(of)-399(the)-399(Senate,)-436(in)-399(the)-399(sense)-399(that)-399(another)-399(figure)-398(had)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(been)-334(added)-334(to)-334(the)-335(rare)-334(company)-334(of)-334(those)-334(who)-334(have)-334(been)-334(lifted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-404(fortune)-404(or)-403(merit)-404(far)-404(above)-404(their)-404(fellows,)-442(and)-404(have)-404(filled)-403(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(great)-278(space)-278(in)-277(the)-278(life)-278(of)-278(humanity.)-333(People,)-285(who)-278(for)-277(generations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(erected)-253(shrines)-254(to)-253(the)-253(minion)-253(of)-254(Hadrian,)-254(might)-253(easily)-253(believe)-253(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(claims)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Antonine)-250(emperors)-250(to)-250(a)-250(place)-250(among)-250(the)-250(gods.)]TJ 11.956 -15.971 Td [(The)-330(influence)-330(of)-330(Egypt)-329(and)-330(Persia)-330(lent)-330(its)-330(force)-330(to)-329(stimulate)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(native)-169(and)-168(original)-169(tendencies)-168(to)-169(king-worship,)-185(and)-168(to)-169(develop)-168(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(principate)-251(of)-250(Augustus)-251(into)-251(the)-250(theocratic)-251(despotism)-251(of)-250(Aurelian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-261(Diocletian.)-283(The)-261(eastern)-261(peoples)-261(were)-261(always)-261(eager)-261(to)-260(lavish)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-248(the)-248(emperors)-249(the)-248(adoration)-248(which)-248(they)-249(had)-248(been)-248(used)-248(to)-248(offer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-224(their)-224(native)-225(princes.)-241(The)-224(ancient)-225(Pharaohs)-224(had)-224(been)-224(revered)-224(as)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([617])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(incarnations)-243(of)-243(the)-243(deity)-243(and)-244(gods)-243(upon)-243(earth.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 198.838 3.959 Td [(3184)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.14 -3.959 Td [(The)-243(Ptolemies)]TJ -217.978 -13.549 Td [(inherited)-224(and)-224(utilised)-224(so)-224(useful)-224(a)-224(superstition.)-241(These)-224(ideas)-224(spread)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(into)-369(Italy)-369(with)-369(the)-370(diffusion)-369(of)-369(the)-369(Isiac)-369(cult)-369(among)-369(the)-369(upper)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(class,)-416(and)-383(through)-383(the)-383(influence)-383(of)-383(travellers)-383(and)-383(envoys)-382(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(kept)-218(up)-217(a)-218(fruitful)-217(intercourse)-218(between)-217(Alexandria)-218(and)-217(Rome.)-239(But)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Egypt)-288(went)-289(rather)-288(too)-289(far)-288(for)-288(the)-289(western)-288(mind)-289(in)-288(its)-288(apotheosis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-280(kings.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 38.513 3.959 Td [(3185)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.158 -3.959 Td [(A)-280(more)-281(potent)-280(and)-280(congenial)-281(influence)-280(came)-280(from)]TJ -58.671 -13.549 Td [(the)-211(lands)-211(of)-210(the)-211(remoter)-211(East.)-237(The)-211(Persians)-211(prostrated)-210(themselves)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-340(their)-340(monarchs,)-363(but)-340(they)-340(did)-340(not)-340(actually)-340(adore)-340(them)-340(as)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gods.)-614(They)-371(reverenced)-371(the)-371(daemon,)-402(or,)-401(in)-372(Roman)-371(phrase,)-401(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(genius)-176(Caesaris,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.086 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 6.76 0 Td [(without)-176(worshipping)-175(the)-176(monarch)-175(himself.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 182.502 3.959 Td [(3186)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(The)-259(king)-260(was)-259(supposed)-260(to)-259(be)-260(enlightened,)-261(inspired,)-262(and)-259(guarded)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-261(a)-260(heavenly)-260(grace;)-266(his)-261(brow)-260(was)-261(crowned)-260(by)-261(a)-260(divine)-260(aureole.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-336(he)-336(was)-335(not)-336(the)-336(equal)-336(of)-335(God.)-507(But)-336(the)-336(majesty)-336(and)-335(fortune)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-235(kings)-234(was)-235(something)-234(divine)-235(and)-235(supernatural;)-239(they)-235(reigned)-234(by)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(special)-377(grace)-377(and)-377(had)-377(a)-377(divine)-377(protection.)-631(The)-377(dynasties)-376(who)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(succeeded)-279(to)-278(the)-279(great)-279(heritage)-278(of)-279(the)-279(East)-278(exploited)-279(these)-278(ideas)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 110.045 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 103.233 Td [(3184)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Boissier,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.875 0 Td [(Rel.)-250(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 37.353 0 Td [(i.)-250(125;)-250(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(283)-250(sqq.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -85.923 -7.394 Td [(3185)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Amm.)-250(Marc.)-250(xv.)-250(1,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3186)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Athen.)-796(vi.)-795(252,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 67.612 0 Td [(\304\301\254\300\265\266\261\275)-432(\300\261\301\265\304\257\270\265\271)-432(\307\311\301)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 91.67 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 2.636 0 Td [(\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.529 0 Td [(@)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275\277\274\254\266\311\275)-432(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 40.679 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.149 0 Td [(\264\261\257\274\311\275\271)-432(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 37.658 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf -274.354 -10.959 Td [(\262\261\303\271\273\255\311\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.53 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3257 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3258 0 R /Resources 3256 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3238 0 R >> endobj 3259 0 obj << /D [3257 0 R /XYZ 246.254 353.163 null] >> endobj 3256 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3262 0 obj << /Length 7388 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(745)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-425(the)-425(full,)-468(and)-425(the)-425(most)-425(solemn)-425(oath)-425(was)-425(by)-425(the)-425(Fortune)-424(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-272(King.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.84 3.959 Td [(3187)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.873 -3.959 Td [(The)-272(superstition)-271(of)-272(Chaldaea,)-277(which)-271(connected)-272(all)]TJ -60.713 -13.549 Td [(human)-395(destiny)-395(with)-395(the)-395(orbs)-395(of)-395(heaven,)-431(exercised)-395(a)-394(profound)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-255(for)-255(many)-254(centuries)-255(both)-255(in)-255(the)-255(East)-254(and)-255(West.)-265(And)-254(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Sun,)-353(the)-333(monarch)-332(of)-333(the)-332(heavens,)-353(often)-333(identified)-332(with)-332(Mithra,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-302(regarded)-302(as)-302(the)-303(special)-302(patron)-302(of)-302(kings,)-315(enduing)-302(them)-302(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(irresistible)-294(power,)-305(and)-294(guarding)-294(their)-294(lofty)-294(destiny.)-382(These)-293(ideas)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spread)-466(easily)-466(from)-466(Pontus)-466(and)-466(Commagene)-466(into)-466(the)-465(western)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world.)-793(In)-431(eastern)-431(cities,)-476(Caligula)-431(and)-431(Nero)-431(had)-431(altars)-430(raised)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-388(them)-388(as)-389(solar)-388(deities,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.751 3.959 Td [(3188)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.05 -3.959 Td [(and)-388(Tiridates)-388(offered)-389(to)-388(Nero)-388(the)]TJ -129.801 -13.549 Td [(adoration)-327(due)-327(to)-327(Mithra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 108.566 3.959 Td [(3189)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.684 -3.959 Td [(The)-327(enigmatical)-327(goddess)-327(Fortuna,)]TJ -130.25 -13.549 Td [(who)-478(seems)-478(to)-479(have)-478(had)-478(early)-478(associations)-478(with)-478(the)-479(Sun,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3190)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(gained)-317(fresh)-318(strength)-317(from)-317(the)-317(ideas)-317(of)-318(the)-317(divinised)-317(destiny)-317(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eastern)-267(monarchs.)-301(According)-267(to)-267(Plutarch,)-271(Tyche)-267(left)-267(the)-267(regions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(Assyria)-250(and)-250(Persia)-250(to)-250(make)-250(her)-250(home)-250(on)-250(the)-250(Palatine.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 244.501 3.959 Td [(3191)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.166 -3.959 Td [(The)]TJ -263.667 -13.549 Td [(republican)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.859 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Fortune)-258(of)-257(the)-258(Roman)-258(People)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.812 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.654 0 Td [(naturally)-258(passed)-257(into)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 100.856 0 Td [([618])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 15.729 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Fortuna)-220(Augusti,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.612 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.242 0 Td [(which)-220(appears)-220(on)-219(the)-220(imperial)-220(coins)-220(from)]TJ -101.427 -13.549 Td [(the)-324(reign)-324(of)-324(Vespasian.)-472(In)-323(the)-324(age)-324(of)-324(the)-324(Antonines,)-343(the)-323(image)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-226(the)-225(goddess)-226(in)-226(gold)-225(always)-226(stood)-226(in)-225(the)-226(prince)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 210.62 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-226(bed-chamber,)]TJ -214.252 -13.55 Td [(and)-265(was)-266(t)1(ransferred)-266(at)-265(the)-265(hour)-265(of)-266(his)-265(death)-265(to)-265(his)-266(successor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3192)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(With)-264(the)-264(reign)-263(of)-264(Commodus,)-267(who)-264(was)-264(himself)-264(initiated)-264(both)-263(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-315(Isiac)-314(and)-315(Mithraic)-315(mysteries,)-330(begins)-315(the)-315(temporary)-314(triumph)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-246(the)-246(oriental)-246(cults,)-247(which)-246(was)-247(to)-246(reach)-246(its)-246(height)-246(in)-246(the)-246(reign)-246(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Julian.)-393(The)-297(absence)-298(of)-297(full)-297(materials)-298(for)-297(the)-298(history)-297(of)-298(the)-297(third)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(century,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 35.444 3.959 Td [(3193)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.06 -3.959 Td [(a)-316(century)-315(crowded)-316(with)-315(great)-316(events,)-332(and)-316(pregnant)]TJ -55.504 -13.549 Td [(with)-335(great)-335(spiritual)-335(movements,)-356(should)-335(perhaps)-335(impose)-335(greater)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 165.399 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 158.587 Td [(3187)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(286.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3188)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(290,)-250(n.)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -26.647 -7.311 Td [(3189)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-306(Cass.)-420(lxiii.)-419(5,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 64.452 0 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)-306(&)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.171 0 Td [(\273\270\277\275)-306(\300\301\314\302)-307(\303\265)-306(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 55.494 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 7.293 0 Td [(\020)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 3.766 0 Td [(\274)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.833 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-306(\270\265\314\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.545 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 5.115 0 Td [(\300\301\277\303\272\305\275\256\303\311\275)-306(\303\265)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 64.861 0 Td [(a)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.276 0 Td [(\302)]TJ -276.971 -10.959 Td [(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 9.28 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.877 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(x)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(\275)-250(\234\257\270\301\261\275)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.664 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -59.882 -7.31 Td [(3190)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(W.)-250(Fowler,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 42.832 0 Td [(Roman)-250(Festivals)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 60.021 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(169.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -117.548 -7.311 Td [(3191)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Plut.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 19.069 0 Td [(De)-255(Fort.)-265(Rom.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 54.261 0 Td [(iv.)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 11.592 0 Td [(\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.465 0 Td [(U)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\304\311\302)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 16.076 0 Td [(!)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 7.074 0 Td [(\304\315\307\267)-255(\272\261\304\261\273\271\300\277)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 54.228 0 Td [(\346)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.546 0 Td [(\303\261)-255(\240\255\301\303\261\302)-255(\272\261)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 49.188 0 Td [(v)-255(\010)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 10.92 0 Td [(\303\303\305\301\257\277\305\302)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf -247.92 -10.959 Td [(...)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.966 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 3.856 0 Td [(\367)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\264)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 4.294 0 Td [(r)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 6.008 0 Td [(\240\261\273\261\304\257)]TJ/F27 8.9664 Tf 26.28 0 Td [(\363)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 8.518 0 Td [(\300\301\277\303\265\301\307\277\274\255\275\267)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 52.561 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F26 8.9664 Tf 4.483 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 13.163 0 Td [(.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -139.387 -7.31 Td [(3192)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Capitol.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 30.889 0 Td [(Ant.)-250(P.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 26.899 0 Td [(c.)-250(12.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -72.483 -7.311 Td [(3193)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Vop.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.373 0 Td [(Prob.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.416 0 Td [(c.)-250(i.)-250(\247)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3261 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3262 0 R /Resources 3260 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3264 0 R >> endobj 3263 0 obj << /D [3261 0 R /XYZ 46.771 314.937 null] >> endobj 3260 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3267 0 obj << /Length 5912 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(746)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(caution)-260(in)-260(tracing)-260(the)-260(development)-260(of)-260(imperial)-260(power)-260(than)-259(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(writers)-458(have)-458(always)-457(observed.)-874(Yet)-457(there)-458(can)-458(be)-458(little)-457(doubt)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-395(the)-396(monarchy)-395(of)-395(the)-395(West)-395(tended)-396(to)-395(become)-395(a)-395(theocratic)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(despotism,)-438(and)-401(that)-401(Persian)-401(Sun-worship)-400(had)-401(a)-401(large)-401(share)-400(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(this)-322(development.)-468(There)-322(was)-322(always)-323(a)-322(sober)-322(sense)-323(in)-322(the)-322(West)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-302(rebelled)-302(against)-302(the)-302(oriental)-302(apotheosis)-302(of)-303(the)-302(prince.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3194)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Yet)-431(the)-431(iterated)-431(adulation,)-476(so)-431(often)-431(recorded)-431(faithfully)-431(in)-430(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Augustan)-450(History,)-501(reveals)-450(an)-450(extraordinary)-451(abasement)-450(of)-450(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(upper)-286(class)-285(before)-286(the)-285(person)-286(of)-286(the)-285(emperor.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 199.628 3.958 Td [(3195)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.33 -3.958 Td [(The)-286(emperors)]TJ -219.958 -13.55 Td [(never,)-251(indeed,)-251(claimed)-250(like)-251(the)-250(Sassanids)-251(to)-251(be)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.086 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(brothers)-251(or)-250(sons)]TJ -210.93 -13.549 Td [(of)-240(the)-239(Sun)-240(and)-239(Moon.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.39 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.844 3.959 Td [(3196)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.052 -3.959 Td [(But)-240(in)-239(their)-240(official)-239(style)-240(and)-240(insignia)]TJ -118.286 -13.549 Td [(there)-201(were)-201(many)-201(approaches)-200(to)-201(the)-201(divine)-201(claims)-201(of)-201(the)-200(monarchs)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-260(the)-260(East.)-280(The)-260(title)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 92.266 0 Td [(invictus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 33.938 0 Td [(,)-262(sacred)-260(to)-260(Mithra)-260(and)-260(the)-260(Sun,)-263(was)]TJ -126.204 -13.549 Td [(assumed)-347(by)-348(Commodus,)-371(and)-348(borne)-347(by)-347(his)-348(successors.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 241.316 3.958 Td [(3197)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.35 -3.958 Td [(The)]TJ -263.666 -13.55 Td [(still)-355(more)-356(imposing)-355(title)-356(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.854 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(eternal,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.411 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.721 0 Td [(springing)-355(from)-356(the)-355(same)]TJ -170.829 -13.549 Td [(origin,)-314(came)-301(into)-302(vogue)-301(in)-301(the)-301(third)-302(century,)-314(and)-301(appears)-301(in)-301(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(edicts)-285(of)-284(the)-285(last)-285(shadowy)-284(emperors)-285(of)-285(the)-284(fifth.)-354(From)-285(the)-284(reign)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-359(Nero,)-386(the)-359(imperial)-358(crown)-359(with)-359(darting)-359(rays,)-386(symbolised)-358(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(solar)-276(ancestry)-276(of)-276(the)-277(prince.)-328(Gallienus)-276(used)-276(to)-276(go)-276(forth)-276(crowned)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-455(this)-455(manner,)-505(and)-455(with)-455(gold)-455(dust)-454(in)-455(his)-455(hair,)-506(and)-455(raised)-454(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(colossal)-223(statue)-223(of)-223(himself)-223(in)-222(the)-223(garb)-223(of)-223(the)-223(Sun.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 207.62 3.959 Td [(3198)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.067 -3.959 Td [(The)-223(coins)-223(of)]TJ -226.687 -13.549 Td [(Aurelian,)-318(who)-305(built)-305(the)-305(great)-304(temple)-305(of)-305(the)-304(Sun)-305(from)-305(the)-304(spoils)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-250(Palmyra,)-250(bear)-250(the)-250(legend)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 123.003 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(deo)-250(et)-250(domino)-250(nato.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.664 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 4.843 3.959 Td [(3199)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.166 -3.959 Td [(The)-250(West)]TJ -238.52 -13.549 Td [(probably)-349(never)-350(took)-349(these)-349(assumptions)-349(so)-350(literally)-349(as)-349(the)-349(East.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.756 0 Td [([619])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.756 -13.55 Td [(But)-346(metaphor)-345(and)-346(imagery)-345(tended)-346(to)-345(become)-346(a)-345(real)-346(faith.)-536(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(centre)-223(of)-223(the)-222(great)-223(religion)-223(which)-223(was)-223(to)-222(be)-223(the)-223(last)-223(stronghold)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paganism,)-285(was)-277(the)-278(prototype)-278(of)-278(the)-277(emperor)-278(in)-278(the)-278(starry)-277(world,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-224(his)-224(protector)-224(on)-224(earth.)-242(And)-224(the)-224(solar)-224(grace)-224(which)-224(surrounded)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 143.404 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 136.592 Td [(3194)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Amm.)-250(Marc.)-250(xv.)-250(1,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.395 Td [(3195)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cf.)-250(Amm.)-250(Marc.)-250(xv.)-250(1,)-250(3.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3196)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Amm.)-302(Marc.)-301(xxiii.)-302(6,)-272(5,)-271(unde)-267(reges)-268(ejusdem)-267(gentis)-267(praetumidi)-267(appellari)-268(se)]TJ -11.956 -10.959 Td [(patiuntur)-250(Solis)-250(fratres)-250(et)-250(Lunae.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(3197)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(D.)-250(Cass.)-250(lxxii.)-250(15,)-250(5.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3198)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Treb.)-250(Poll.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 40.348 0 Td [(Gallien.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 31.383 0 Td [(16,)-250(18,)-250(crinibus)-250(suis)-250(auri)-250(scobem)-250(aspersit,)-250(etc.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.426 -7.311 Td [(3199)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(291,)-250(n.)-250(5.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3266 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3267 0 R /Resources 3265 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3264 0 R >> endobj 3268 0 obj << /D [3266 0 R /XYZ 187.381 206.544 null] >> endobj 3265 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3271 0 obj << /Length 5180 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(747)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(the)-352(prince)-353(found)-352(an)-353(easy)-352(explanation)-352(in)-353(the)-352(mystic)-352(philosophy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-387(the)-386(soul)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.037 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-387(descent)-386(which)-387(had)-386(been)-386(absorbed)-387(by)-386(Mithraism.)]TJ -52.669 -13.549 Td [(In)-404(coming)-403(to)-404(earth)-404(from)-404(the)-403(empyrean,)-443(the)-403(future)-404(lord)-404(of)-403(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world)-299(received)-299(a)-299(special)-299(gift)-299(of)-299(grace)-299(and)-299(power)-299(from)-299(the)-298(great)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(luminary)-344(which)-345(is)-344(the)-345(source)-344(of)-345(light)-344(and)-344(life.)-534(The)-344(religion)-344(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-384(Sun)-385(thus)-384(tended)-384(to)-385(become)-384(a)-384(great)-385(spiritual)-384(support)-384(of)-384(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(absolutism)-396(which)-395(was)-396(more)-395(and)-395(more)-396(modelling)-395(itself)-396(on)-395(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(royalty)-307(of)-307(the)-307(East.)-421(The)-307(cult)-307(of)-307(the)-307(Sun,)-321(which)-307(was)-307(established)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-246(such)-247(splendour)-246(in)-247(273)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 109.801 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.667 0 Td [(by)-246(Aurelian,)-248(must)-246(have)-246(had)-247(a)-246(great)]TJ -128.468 -13.55 Td [(effect)-279(in)-278(preparing)-279(for)-279(the)-278(oriental)-279(claims)-279(of)-278(monarchy)-279(from)-278(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reign)-443(of)-442(Diocletian.)-828(Thirty)-443(years)-442(after)-443(the)-442(foundation)-443(of)-442(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stately)-259(shrine)-258(on)-259(the)-259(Esquiline,)-261(and)-259(only)-258(twenty)-259(years)-259(before)-258(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conversion)-266(of)-265(Constantine,)-270(all)-265(the)-266(princes)-266(of)-265(the)-266(imperial)-265(house,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Jovii)-312(Herculii,)-328(Augusti,)-328(Caesares,)-327(as)-312(an)-313(inscription)-312(tells,)-327(united)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-280(restore)-280(a)-280(temple)-279(of)-280(Mithra)-280(at)-280(Carnuntum,)-287(his)-280(holy)-280(city)-280(on)-279(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Danube.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.655 3.959 Td [(3200)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 23.079 -3.959 Td [(But)-370(the)-369(days)-370(of)-369(Mithra)-370(as)-370(the)-369(god)-370(of)-369(kings)-370(were)]TJ -59.734 -13.549 Td [(numbered.)-479(After)-327(the)-326(establishment)-327(of)-326(the)-326(Christian)-327(Empire,)-345(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(had)-198(a)-199(brief)-198(illusory)-198(triumph)-199(in)-198(the)-198(reign)-199(of)-198(Julian,)-209(and)-198(again)-198(in)-198(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(short-lived)-341(effort)-341(of)-342(reaction)-341(led)-341(by)-341(Eugenius)-341(and)-341(Nicomachus)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Flavianus,)-266(which)-263(had)-262(a)-263(tragic)-263(close)-263(in)-262(the)-263(battle)-263(on)-263(the)-262(Frigidus.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-267(his)-267(mystic)-267(theology)-268(was)-267(the)-267(theme)-267(of)-267(debate)-267(among)-267(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(nobles,)-393(trained)-365(in)-364(the)-365(philosophy)-365(of)-364(Alexandria,)-393(long)-365(after)-364(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(last)-325(chapels)-324(had)-325(been)-324(buried)-325(in)-325(ruins;)-362(and)-324(his)-325(worship)-324(lingered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-470(secluded)-470(valleys)-470(of)-471(the)-470(Alps)-470(or)-470(the)-470(Vosges)-470(into)-470(the)-470(fifth)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(century.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 35.444 3.959 Td [(3201)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.876 -3.959 Td [(The)-272(theocratic)-271(claim)-272(of)-272(monarchy,)-277(to)-272(which)-271(Mithra)]TJ -55.32 -13.549 Td [(lent)-399(his)-398(support)-399(for)-398(so)-399(many)-398(generations,)-436(was)-398(destined,)-436(in)-398(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(symbols)-250(and)-250(phrases,)-250(to)-250(have)-250(a)-250(long)-250(reign.)]TJ 11.956 -14.966 Td [(M.)-150(Renan)-150(has)-150(hazarded)-150(the)-150(opinion)-150(that,)-170(if)-150(the)-150(Christian)-150(Church)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(had)-267(been)-268(stricken)-267(with)-268(some)-267(mortal)-267(weakness,)-272(Mithraism)-267(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(have)-275(become)-275(the)-275(religion)-275(of)-275(the)-275(western)-275(world.)-325(And,)-281(indeed,)-281(its)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(marvellously)-248(rapid)-247(diffusion)-248(in)-247(Italy)-247(and)-248(the)-247(provinces)-248(along)-247(the)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([620])]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.03 Td [(3200)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 33.381 0 Td [(Inscr.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.91 0 Td [(No.)-250(367.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -70.986 -7.311 Td [(3201)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 34.939 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 16.799 0 Td [(i.)-537(17;)-393(Cumont,)-370(Intr.)-536(p.)-537(348.)-537(The)-345(Mithraeum)-346(of)-345(Sarreburg)]TJ -63.693 -10.959 Td [(seems)-250(to)-250(have)-250(been)-250(frequented)-250(till)-250(395)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 140.198 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3270 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3271 0 R /Resources 3269 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3264 0 R >> endobj 3272 0 obj << /D [3270 0 R /XYZ 242.016 110.282 null] >> endobj 3269 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3275 0 obj << /Length 4729 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(748)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Danube)-298(and)-298(the)-298(Rhine,)-311(in)-298(the)-298(second)-298(and)-298(third)-298(centuries,)-310(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(well)-230(have)-229(inspired)-230(the)-230(hope)-229(of)-230(such)-230(a)-230(splendid)-229(destiny.)-243(Although)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-339(was)-340(primarily)-339(a)-340(kingly)-339(and)-339(military)-340(creed,)-361(it)-340(appealed)-339(in)-339(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(end)-317(to)-317(all)-317(classes,)-334(by)-317(many)-317(various)-317(attractions.)-451(Springing)-317(from)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(remote)-345(regions)-346(of)-345(the)-345(East,)-370(it)-345(seemed)-345(instinctively)-346(to)-345(seize)-345(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opportunity)-335(offered)-334(by)-335(a)-335(marvellous)-334(political)-335(unity,)-356(along)-334(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(anarchy)-253(in)-254(morals)-253(and)-253(religion,)-254(to)-253(satisfy)-254(the)-253(imperious)-253(needs)-253(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-297(world)-296(eager)-297(for)-297(spiritual)-296(light)-297(and)-297(hope,)-308(but)-297(distracted)-296(among)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-255(endless)-256(claimants)-255(for)-255(its)-256(devotion.)-266(Philosophy)-255(had)-255(long)-255(tried)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-413(was)-414(still)-413(trying)-413(to)-413(find)-413(a)-414(spiritual)-413(synthesis,)-454(and)-413(to)-413(draw)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-294(old)-295(mythologies)-294(a)-294(support)-294(for)-295(life)-294(and)-294(conduct.)-383(Might)-294(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(religion)-291(succeed)-292(where)-291(philosophy)-292(had)-291(failed?)-374(Or)-292(rather,)-301(might)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-362(religion)-361(gather)-362(up)-361(into)-362(itself)-361(the)-362(forces)-361(of)-362(philosophy,)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(transmute)-185(and)-185(glorify)-185(them)-185(in)-186(a)-185(great)-185(concrete)-185(symbol?)-228(Might)-185(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-223(claims)-222(of)-223(the)-222(past)-223(be)-223(harmonised)-222(with)-223(the)-222(higher)-223(intuitions)-222(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-323(more)-323(instructed)-322(age,)-341(and)-323(the)-323(countless)-323(cults)-323(embraced)-322(within)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-301(circuit)-301(of)-300(the)-301(Roman)-301(power)-300(be)-301(reconciled)-301(with)-301(the)-300(supreme)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reverence)-427(for)-427(one)-427(central)-427(divine)-428(figure,)-471(as)-427(the)-427(liberties)-427(of)-427(an)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Alpine)-292(canton,)-302(like)-292(those)-292(of)-291(a)-292(great)-292(city)-292(of)-291(Asia,)-303(were)-291(sheltered)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(under)-329(the)-328(unchallenged)-329(supremacy)-328(of)-329(Rome?)-485(Mithra)-329(made)-328(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(effort,)-390(and)-361(for)-362(the)-362(time)-362(he)-361(succeeded.)-586(In)-361(his)-362(progress)-362(to)-361(what)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(seemed)-389(an)-388(almost)-389(assured)-389(victory,)-423(he)-389(swept)-388(into)-389(his)-389(orbit)-388(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Greek)-185(and)-186(Latin)-185(and)-186(Phrygian)-185(gods)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 151.301 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(nay,)-198(even)-186(the)-185(gods)-186(of)-185(Celtic)]TJ -162.21 -13.549 Td [(cantons.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 36.055 3.959 Td [(3202)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.505 -3.959 Td [(They)-260(all)-261(found)-260(a)-261(place)-260(in)-260(his)-261(crypts,)-263(beside)-260(his)-260(own)]TJ -55.56 -13.549 Td [(sacred)-271(image)-272(and)-271(the)-272(Persian)-271(deities)-271(of)-272(his)-271(original)-271(home.)-314(Their)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(altars)-425(were)-425(ranged)-425(around)-425(his)-425(chapels,)-469(and)-425(were)-425(duly)-425(visited)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-364(his)-363(priests.)-591(Yet,)-392(though)-364(the)-364(Persian)-363(deity)-364(might)-364(seem)-363(very)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cosmopolitan)-219(and)-220(liberal)-219(in)-219(his)-220(indulgence)-219(to)-219(parochial)-219(devotion,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(he)-369(never)-369(abated)-369(his)-370(own)-369(lofty)-369(claims,)-399(and)-369(he)-369(never)-369(forgot)-369(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ancestry.)-600(While)-367(he)-366(might)-367(ally)-367(himself)-366(with)-367(Magna)-367(Mater)-366(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Jupiter)-288(Dolichenus,)-297(he)-287(coldly)-288(repulsed)-288(any)-287(association)-288(with)-287(Isis)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-401(Serapis,)-440(who)-401(were)-401(his)-401(rivals)-402(for)-401(oecumenical)-401(sway.)-704(The)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 69.951 Td [(3202)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(332,)-250(n.)-250(3.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3274 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3275 0 R /Resources 3273 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3264 0 R >> endobj 3273 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3278 0 obj << /Length 5222 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(749)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(old)-256(hostility)-256(between)-256(the)-256(worships)-256(of)-256(Persia)-256(and)-256(Egypt)-256(was)-255(only)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(softened)-234(in)-234(the)-234(internecine)-234(conflict)-234(of)-234(both)-234(with)-234(a)-234(more)-234(powerful)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(foe.)-529(It)-343(is)-343(only)-343(in)-343(the)-343(last)-343(stone)-343(records)-343(that)-343(a)-343(votary)-343(of)-342(Mithra)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-405(found)-405(combining)-404(a)-405(devotion)-405(to)-405(Isis.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 175.285 3.958 Td [(3203)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.232 -3.958 Td [(The)-405(claims)-405(of)-404(the)]TJ -199.517 -13.55 Td [(Sun-god)-371(to)-371(spiritual)-371(primacy)-371(are)-371(expounded)-371(in)-371(the)-371(orations)-370(of)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([621])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(Julian)-321(and)-322(the)-321(dissertations)-322(of)-321(Praetextatus)-321(in)-322(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 221.968 0 Td [(Saturnalia)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 49.575 0 Td [(of)]TJ -271.543 -13.549 Td [(Macrobius.)-440(Monotheism)-313(in)-313(the)-314(pagan)-313(world)-313(was)-313(not,)-329(indeed,)-329(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-342(thing.)-527(It)-343(goes)-342(back)-342(to)-343(the)-342(philosophers)-342(of)-343(Ionia)-342(and)-342(Elea,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-276(Aeschylus)-276(and)-275(Plato.)-328(Nor)-275(was)-276(syncretism)-276(unknown)-276(to)-275(earlier)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ages.)-495(The)-332(Greeks)-331(of)-332(the)-331(days)-332(of)-332(Herodotus)-331(identified)-332(the)-331(gods)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-280(Egypt)-281(with)-280(their)-280(own,)-288(as)-280(Julius)-281(Caesar)-280(and)-280(Tacitus)-280(identified)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gallic)-194(and)-195(German)-194(deities)-194(with)-194(those)-195(of)-194(the)-194(Roman)-195(pantheon.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3204)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(But)-390(the)-389(monotheistic)-390(syncretism)-389(of)-389(Mithra)-390(was)-389(a)-390(broader)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(more)-276(sweeping)-275(movement.)-327(Local)-275(and)-275(national)-276(gods)-275(represented)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(single)-202(aspects)-203(of)-202(nature.)-234(Mithra)-203(was)-202(seated)-203(at)-202(the)-203(centre)-202(on)-202(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(all)-299(nature)-299(depends.)-398(If)-299(nature-worship)-299(was)-299(to)-299(justify)-299(itself)-299(in)-299(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(eyes)-383(of)-384(philosophic)-383(reason,)-417(men)-383(must)-383(rise)-384(to)-383(the)-383(adoration)-383(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(Sun-king,)-321(the)-306(head)-306(of)-307(a)-306(great)-306(hierarchy)-306(of)-307(divine)-306(forces,)-320(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(means)-396(of)-396(which)-396(he)-395(acts)-396(and)-396(diffuses)-396(his)-396(inexhaustible)-395(energy)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(throughout)-368(the)-369(universe.)-605(And)-369(such)-368(is)-369(the)-368(claim)-369(made)-368(for)-368(him)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-250(Praetextatus,)-251(in)-250(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 99.707 0 Td [(Saturnalia)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 48.801 0 Td [(of)-250(Macrobius,)-251(who)-250(was)-251(a)-250(high)]TJ -148.508 -13.549 Td [(adept)-250(in)-250(the)-250(mysteries)-250(of)-250(Mithra.)]TJ 11.956 -14.966 Td [(But)-441(the)-441(world)-441(needed)-442(more)-441(than)-441(a)-441(great)-441(physical)-441(force)-441(to)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(assuage)-253(its)-253(cravings;)-255(it)-253(demanded)-254(a)-253(moral)-253(God,)-254(Who)-253(could)-253(raise)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(before)-196(the)-197(eyes)-196(of)-197(men)-196(a)-196(moral)-197(ideal,)-207(and)-196(support)-197(them)-196(in)-196(striving)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-325(attain)-326(it;)-362(One)-326(Who)-325(could)-325(guide)-325(and)-326(comfort)-325(in)-325(the)-325(struggles)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-322(life,)-339(and)-322(in)-322(the)-322(darkness)-321(of)-322(its)-322(close,)-339(Who)-322(could)-322(prepare)-321(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(trembling)-325(soul)-324(for)-325(the)-325(great)-324(ordeal,)-343(in)-325(which)-325(the)-324(deeds)-325(done)-324(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-238(body)-239(are)-238(sifted)-239(on)-238(the)-238(verge)-239(of)-238(the)-239(eternal)-238(world.)-246(In)-238(fulfilling)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-238(part,)-240(Mithra)-237(could)-238(rely)-238(on)-237(his)-238(own)-237(early)-238(character)-238(as)-237(a)-238(god)-237(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(truth)-269(and)-269(righteousness,)-273(a)-269(mediator)-268(between)-269(the)-269(powers)-269(of)-268(good)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 98.842 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.03 Td [(3203)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.627 0 Td [(vi.)-239(504,)-224(846;)-229(C.)-217(Volusianus)-218(was)-217(perhaps)-218(Praef.)-239(Urb.)-239(in)-218(365)-218(or)-217(Consul)]TJ -34.583 -10.959 Td [(in)-250(314.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -2.739 -7.311 Td [(3204)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Herod,)-250(ii.)-250(48,)-250(50;)-250(Caes.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 85.422 0 Td [(B.G.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 18.677 0 Td [(vi.)-250(17;)-250(Tac.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 43.084 0 Td [(Germ.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 24.899 0 Td [(c.)-250(9.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3277 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3278 0 R /Resources 3276 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3264 0 R >> endobj 3279 0 obj << /D [3277 0 R /XYZ 197.291 463.978 null] >> endobj 3276 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3282 0 obj << /Length 4836 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(750)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-400(evil:)-549(he)-400(had)-399(also)-400(the)-400(experience)-399(of)-400(the)-400(classic)-399(mysteries,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(stretching)-388(back)-388(to)-389(the)-388(legendary)-388(Orpheus,)-423(which,)-422(in)-388(whatever)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(crude,)-529(shadowy)-473(symbolism,)-528(had)-473(taught)-473(for)-473(ten)-473(centuries)-472(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrine)-259(of)-259(a)-260(moral)-259(sequence)-259(between)-259(this)-259(life)-260(and)-259(the)-259(next.)-277(The)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(descent)-416(of)-415(the)-416(soul)-416(into)-416(gross)-415(material)-416(form,)-457(and)-416(its)-415(possible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascent)-212(again,)-220(if)-212(duly)-213(fortified,)-220(to)-212(ethereal)-212(worlds,)-220(was)-212(common)-212(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithra)-271(and)-270(the)-271(Orphic)-271(and)-270(Pythagorean)-271(systems.)-312(Such)-271(a)-270(system)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-266(one)-267(side)-266(sad)-266(and)-267(pessimist,)-270(on)-267(another)-266(was)-266(full)-267(of)-266(the)-266(energy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-289(hope.)-368(And)-289(Mithraism)-289(combined)-290(the)-289(two.)-368(It)-289(was)-289(a)-289(religion)-289(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(strenuous)-305(effort)-305(and)-305(warfare,)-319(with)-305(the)-305(prospect)-305(of)-305(high)-305(rewards)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(some)-250(far-off)-250(eternal)-250(life.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -72.755 0 Td [([622])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 84.711 -13.82 Td [(It)-339(is)-338(little)-339(wonder)-339(that)-339(the)-338(Fathers,)-361(from)-339(the)-339(second)-338(century,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(saw)-531(in)-531(Mithra)-530(the)-531(most)-531(formidable)-531(foe)-530(of)-531(Christ.)-1092(Indeed,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-537(resemblances)-537(between)-537(the)-537(two)-537(religions,)-609(some)-536(of)-537(them)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(superficial,)-276(others)-271(of)-270(a)-271(deeper)-271(kind,)-276(were)-271(very)-270(striking.)-313(How)-270(far)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(some)-283(of)-282(these)-283(were)-282(due)-283(to)-282(a)-283(common)-283(stock)-282(of)-283(ideas)-282(in)-283(East)-282(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(West,)-322(how)-308(far)-308(they)-307(were)-308(the)-308(result)-307(of)-308(conscious)-308(borrowing)-307(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mutual)-337(imitation,)-358(seems)-337(to)-336(be)-337(an)-336(insoluble)-337(problem.)-510(The)-336(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(learned)-306(student)-306(of)-306(the)-306(cult)-305(of)-306(Mithra)-306(is)-306(the)-306(most)-306(cautious)-306(in)-305(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conclusions)-155(on)-156(the)-155(subject.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 114.474 3.958 Td [(3205)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.821 -3.958 Td [(On)-156(the)-155(one)-155(hand,)-175(the)-155(two)-156(religions,)]TJ -133.295 -13.55 Td [(in)-305(outlying)-304(regions)-305(of)-304(the)-305(Empire,)-318(long)-304(followed)-305(different)-304(lines)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-209(dispersion.)-236(Christianity)-209(from)-208(its)-209(origin)-209(in)-208(the)-209(religion)-209(of)-208(Israel,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spread)-401(at)-401(first)-401(among)-401(the)-401(cities)-401(on)-401(the)-401(Mediterranean,)-438(chiefly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(where)-480(there)-480(were)-480(colonies)-480(of)-480(Jews.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 165.216 3.959 Td [(3206)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.692 -3.959 Td [(On)-480(the)-480(other)-480(hand,)]TJ -191.908 -13.549 Td [(outside)-290(Italy,)-300(Mithraism,)-299(which)-290(was)-290(propagated)-290(by)-290(soldiers)-289(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(imperial)-308(officers,)-322(followed)-308(the)-307(line)-308(of)-308(the)-307(camps)-308(and)-308(centres)-307(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(commerce)-263(chiefly)-264(along)-263(the)-264(great)-263(rivers)-263(of)-264(the)-263(northern)-263(frontier.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Yet)-286(at)-286(Ostia)-286(and)-286(Rome)-286(and)-286(elsewhere,)-295(the)-286(two)-286(eastern)-285(religions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(must)-293(have)-294(been)-293(early)-294(brought)-293(face)-294(to)-293(face.)-380(In)-294(the)-293(syncretism)-293(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-251(age,)-250(the)-251(age)-251(of)-250(Gnosticism,)-251(rites)-251(and)-250(doctrines)-251(passed)-250(easily)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-398(one)-398(system)-398(to)-397(another.)-694(Mithra)-398(certainly)-398(absorbed)-397(much)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-284(kindred)-285(worships)-284(of)-284(Asia)-285(Minor,)-293(from)-284(Hellenic)-284(mysteries,)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 87.967 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 81.071 Td [(3205)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(pp.)-250(341,)-250(2.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3206)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(339.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3281 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3282 0 R /Resources 3280 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3264 0 R >> endobj 3283 0 obj << /D [3281 0 R /XYZ 93.543 382.585 null] >> endobj 3280 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3286 0 obj << /Length 4810 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(751)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(and)-321(from)-321(Alexandrian)-322(philosophy.)-463(It)-322(is)-321(equally)-321(certain)-321(that)-321(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Church)-323(did)-322(not)-322(disdain)-323(a)-322(policy)-323(of)-322(accommodation,)-341(along)-322(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-195(consecration)-195(of)-195(altars)-195(of)-195(Christ)-195(in)-195(the)-195(old)-195(shrines)-195(of)-194(paganism.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-359(cult)-359(of)-359(local)-360(heroes)-359(was)-359(transferred)-359(to)-359(saints)-359(and)-359(martyrs.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Converts)-184(found)-184(it)-184(hard)-184(to)-184(part)-184(with)-184(consecrated)-184(phrases)-184(and)-184(forms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-378(devotion,)-410(and)-378(might)-377(address)-378(Jesus)-378(in)-378(epithets)-378(sacred)-378(to)-377(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sun.)-382(Some)-295(Christians)-294(in)-294(the)-294(fifth)-294(century)-294(still)-294(saluted)-294(the)-294(rising)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sun)-250(with)-250(a)-250(prayer.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 78.164 3.959 Td [(3207)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -66.208 -22.581 Td [(Futile)-360(attempts)-360(have)-360(been)-361(made)-360(to)-360(find)-360(parallels)-360(to)-360(Biblical)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(narrative)-323(or)-323(symbolism)-323(in)-322(the)-323(faint)-323(and)-323(faded)-323(legend)-323(of)-322(Mithra)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(recovered)-270(from)-271(his)-270(monuments,)-276(the)-270(miraculous)-271(birth,)-275(the)-270(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rock,)-361(the)-339(adoration)-339(of)-339(the)-339(shepherds,)-361(the)-339(grotto,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 213.908 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(above)-339(all,)-361(in)]TJ -224.817 -13.549 Td [(the)-199(mystic)-199(sacrifice)-200(of)-199(the)-199(bull,)-209(which)-200(seemed)-199(to)-199(occupy)-199(the)-199(same)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(space)-281(in)-280(Mithraic)-281(devotion)-281(as)-280(the)-281(Sacrifice)-280(on)-281(Calvary.)-342(But)-280(one)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-335(weakness)-335(of)-335(Mithraism)-336(lay)-335(precisely)-335(here)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 211.58 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(that,)-356(in)-336(place)]TJ -222.489 -13.549 Td [(of)-294(the)-294(narrative)-294(of)-293(a)-294(Divine)-294(life,)-305(instinct)-294(with)-294(human)-293(sympathy,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([623])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(it)-442(had)-443(only)-442(to)-442(offer)-443(the)-442(cold)-442(symbolism)-443(of)-442(a)-442(cosmic)-442(legend.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(In)-323(their)-323(offices)-323(and)-323(sacramental)-323(system)-323(the)-323(two)-323(religions)-323(had)-322(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-321(real)-321(affinity.)-464(Mithra)-321(had)-322(his)-321(baptism)-321(and)-321(confirmation)-321(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(new)-369(disciples,)-398(his)-368(ablutions,)-398(ascetic)-369(preparation)-368(for)-369(the)-368(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysteries,)-420(and)-386(holy)-386(feasts)-386(of)-386(the)-386(consecrated)-386(bread)-386(and)-386(wine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(where)-286(the)-286(mystic)-286(draught)-285(gave)-286(purity)-286(and)-286(life)-286(to)-286(soul)-286(and)-285(body,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-180(was)-179(the)-180(passport)-179(to)-180(a)-179(life)-180(in)-179(God.)-227(The)-179(sacerdotal)-180(and)-179(liturgical)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(character)-353(of)-352(his)-353(worship,)-378(with)-353(its)-352(striking)-353(symbolism,)-378(using)-352(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-434(full)-434(the)-434(emotional)-434(effects)-434(of)-434(lights)-434(and)-434(music)-434(and)-433(sacred)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pomp,)-316(offered)-302(to)-303(souls,)-316(who)-303(were)-302(ripe)-303(for)-302(a)-303(diviner)-303(faith,)-315(some)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-380(that)-379(magical)-380(charm)-379(which)-379(was)-380(to)-379(be)-380(exerted)-379(over)-380(so)-379(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ages)-362(by)-362(the)-362(Catholic)-362(Church.)-586(There)-362(are,)-390(however,)-390(deeper)-361(and)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(more)-422(fundamental)-422(resemblances)-421(between)-422(the)-422(faiths)-422(of)-421(Mithra)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-313(of)-313(Christ,)-329(and)-314(it)-313(was)-313(to)-313(these)-313(that)-314(the)-313(Persian)-313(cult)-313(owed)-313(its)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(great)-306(superiority)-306(to)-307(classical)-306(mythology)-306(and)-306(the)-306(official)-306(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(paganism.)-236(It)-208(responded)-208(to)-208(a)-208(great)-208(spiritual)-208(movement,)-216(of)-208(which)-208(it)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 76.763 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 69.951 Td [(3207)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(341;)-250(cf.)-250(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(118)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3285 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3286 0 R /Resources 3284 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3288 0 R >> endobj 3287 0 obj << /D [3285 0 R /XYZ 226.747 309.865 null] >> endobj 3284 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3291 0 obj << /Length 4877 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(752)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(is)-253(one)-253(great)-252(object)-253(of)-253(this)-253(book)-253(to)-252(show)-253(the)-253(sweep)-253(and)-252(direction.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Formal)-396(devotion)-397(and)-396(ascetic)-397(discipline)-396(were)-397(linked)-396(with)-396(lofty)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(doctrines)-359(as)-359(to)-359(the)-359(origin)-359(of)-359(the)-359(human)-359(spirit)-359(and)-359(an)-358(immortal)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(destiny,)-460(depending)-417(on)-418(conduct,)-459(as)-418(well)-417(as)-418(sacramental)-417(grace,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(through)-286(Mithra)-286(the)-286(mediator.)-358(While)-286(the)-286(vulgar)-286(may)-286(have)-285(rested)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-194(the)-195(external)-194(charm)-194(and)-195(power)-194(of)-194(the)-194(worship,)-206(there)-194(were)-194(others)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-306(drank)-306(in)-306(a)-307(more)-306(spiritual)-306(creed)-306(expounded)-306(to)-306(us)-306(by)-306(one)-306(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-344(last)-345(Neo-Platonic)-344(votaries)-345(of)-344(the)-345(Sun-God.)-533(It)-344(told)-345(of)-344(a)-344(fall)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-418(the)-418(soul)-419(into)-418(the)-418(duress)-418(of)-418(the)-418(body,)-461(for)-418(a)-418(brief)-418(period)-418(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(probation,)-251(of)-251(a)-251(resurrection)-250(and)-251(great)-251(judgment,)-251(of)-251(a)-251(final)-250(ascent)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-384(beatitude)-385(in)-384(the)-384(life)-384(in)-384(God,)-418(or)-384(of)-385(endless)-384(exile)-384(from)-384(His)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(presence.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 40.888 3.959 Td [(3208)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -28.932 -22.517 Td [(And)-410(yet)-410(the)-409(two)-410(systems)-410(were)-410(separated)-410(by)-410(an)-409(impassable)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(gulf,)-225(and)-220(Mithra)-219(had)-219(associations)-220(which)-219(could)-219(not)-220(save)-219(him)-219(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-375(fate)-376(of)-375(Jupiter)-375(and)-376(Demeter,)-407(of)-375(Hecate)-375(and)-376(Isis.)-626(It)-375(is)-375(true)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-312(his)-312(fate)-312(was)-312(hastened)-312(by)-312(hostile)-312(forces)-312(and)-312(causes)-311(external)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-445(religion.)-834(Many)-445(of)-445(his)-445(shrines)-445(in)-445(the)-445(Danubian)-444(provinces,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-340(along)-340(the)-340(upper)-340(Rhine,)-363(were)-340(desolated)-340(and)-340(buried)-340(in)-340(ruins)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(by)-365(the)-366(hordes)-365(of)-365(invaders)-365(in)-366(the)-365(third)-365(century.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 209.119 3.959 Td [(3209)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.938 -3.959 Td [(And)-365(in)-366(the)]TJ -232.057 -13.549 Td [(fourth)-238(century,)-241(the)-238(fiercest)-238(assaults)-239(of)-238(the)-238(Christian)-238(Empire)-238(were)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(directed)-267(against)-268(the)-267(worship)-267(which)-267(was)-267(thought)-268(to)-267(be)-267(the)-267(patron)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-452(magic)-453(arts,)-503(and)-452(a)-453(device)-452(of)-452(the)-453(Evil)-452(One)-453(to)-452(travesty)-452(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(defy)-292(the)-292(Religion)-292(of)-292(the)-292(Cross.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 136.217 3.958 Td [(3210)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 20.538 -3.958 Td [(But)-292(material)-292(force,)-302(however)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -229.51 0 Td [([624])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 72.755 -13.55 Td [(fiercely)-232(and)-232(decisively)-232(exerted,)-235(although)-232(it)-232(hastened)-232(the)-232(doom)-231(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(Persian)-250(god,)-250(only)-250(anticipated)-250(an)-250(inevitable)-250(defeat.)]TJ 11.956 -18.557 Td [(A)-693(certain)-694(severity)-693(in)-694(Mithraism,)-805(which)-693(marked)-694(it)-693(off)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(honourably)-483(from)-483(other)-483(worships)-484(of)-483(the)-483(East,)-541(also)-483(weakened)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-285(as)-285(a)-285(popular)-285(and)-284(enduring)-285(force.)-355(The)-285(absence)-285(of)-285(the)-284(feminine)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(charm)-458(in)-458(its)-457(legend,)-510(while)-458(it)-458(saved)-457(it)-458(from)-458(the)-458(sensual)-457(taint)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-416(other)-416(heathen)-416(systems,)-458(depri)1(ved)-416(it)-416(of)-416(a)-416(fascination)-416(for)-416(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 92.19 Td [(3208)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(Som.)-250(Scip.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 39.847 0 Td [(i.)-250(13.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -86.91 -7.31 Td [(3209)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(344.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3210)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-250(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.851 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(107)-250(\050Ad)-250(Laetam\051.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3290 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3291 0 R /Resources 3289 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3288 0 R >> endobj 3292 0 obj << /D [3290 0 R /XYZ 202.182 215.084 null] >> endobj 3289 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3295 0 obj << /Length 5288 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(753)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(softer)-325(and)-325(more)-325(emotional)-324(side)-325(of)-325(human)-325(nature.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 217.8 3.959 Td [(3211)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.616 -3.959 Td [(Although)]TJ -239.416 -13.549 Td [(women)-183(may,)-197(perhaps,)-196(have)-183(not)-183(been)-183(altogether)-183(excluded)-183(from)-183(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysteries,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 44.542 3.959 Td [(3212)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.488 -3.959 Td [(still)-274(Mithra)-273(did)-274(not)-274(welcome)-273(them)-274(with)-273(the)-274(warm)]TJ -64.03 -13.549 Td [(sympathy)-201(which)-201(gave)-200(Demeter)-201(and)-201(Magna)-200(Mater)-201(and)-201(Isis)-201(so)-200(firm)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-285(hold)-285(on)-286(the)-285(imagination)-285(of)-285(women)-285(for)-286(many)-285(generations.)-355(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mater)-318(Dolorosa)-318(has)-317(in)-318(all)-318(ages)-318(been)-318(an)-317(enthralling)-318(power.)-453(The)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(legend)-218(of)-218(the)-218(Tauroctonus)-218(was)-218(a)-218(religion)-218(for)-218(strenuous)-218(men.)-239(And)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(even)-216(its)-216(symbolism,)-223(with)-216(all)-217(its)-216(strange)-216(spell,)-223(seems)-216(to)-216(lack)-216(depth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-357(warmth)-358(for)-357(human)-358(nature)-357(as)-358(a)-357(whole.)-572(It)-358(would)-357(indeed)-357(be)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(rash)-308(to)-309(set)-308(limits)-309(to)-308(the)-308(power)-309(of)-308(pious)-309(sentiment)-308(to)-308(transfigure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-348(vivify)-347(the)-348(most)-348(unspiritual)-347(materials.)-543(And)-348(the)-347(slaughtered)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(bull)-306(in)-306(the)-307(apse)-306(of)-306(every)-306(chapel)-306(of)-307(Mithra)-306(may)-306(have)-306(aroused)-306(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-223(end)-223(visions)-222(and)-223(mystic)-223(emotion)-222(which)-223(had)-223(passed)-223(far)-222(beyond)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(sphere)-250(of)-250(astral)-250(symbolism.)]TJ 11.956 -14.897 Td [(Yet)-366(such)-367(spiritual)-366(interpretation)-367(of)-366(ancient)-366(myth)-367(is)-366(only)-366(for)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(the)-336(few,)-358(who)-336(find)-336(in)-336(a)-336(worship)-337(what)-336(they)-336(bring.)-508(For)-336(the)-336(gross)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(masses,)-344(the)-324(symbolism)-325(of)-325(natural)-325(processes,)-344(however)-324(majestic,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(could)-365(never)-365(have)-365(won)-365(that)-365(marvellous)-365(power)-365(which)-365(has)-365(made)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-476(single)-475(Divine,)-533(yet)-475(human,)-533(life)-475(the)-476(inexhaustible)-476(source)-475(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spiritual)-401(strength)-401(for)-401(all)-401(the)-401(future.)-703(With)-401(all)-401(his)-401(heroic)-400(effort)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-389(make)-389(himself)-389(a)-388(moral)-389(and)-389(spiritual)-389(force,)-424(Mithra)-388(remained)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(inextricably)-362(linked)-361(with)-362(the)-362(nature-worships)-361(of)-362(the)-362(past.)-584(And,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-220(such)-220(associations,)-225(even)-220(the)-220(God)-220(of)-220(light)-219(could)-220(not)-220(be)-220(lord)-219(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-312(spiritual)-312(future)-312(of)-312(humanity.)-436(Mithraism,)-327(with)-312(all)-312(its)-312(strange)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(moral)-267(force,)-271(with)-267(all)-267(its)-267(charm)-267(of)-267(antiquity)-267(and)-267(sacramental)-266(rite,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(with)-362(all)-361(its)-362(charity)-361(and)-362(tolerance,)-389(had)-362(within)-361(it)-362(the)-361(germs)-362(of)-361(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sure)-304(mortality.)-411(In)-303(its)-304(tolerance)-304(lay)-303(precisely)-304(its)-304(great)-303(weakness.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-404(Christian)-404(Church)-404(might,)-442(in)-404(S.)-404(Augustine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.259 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-404(phrase,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.676 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(spoil)]TJ -259.412 -13.549 Td [(the)-436(Egyptians,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.447 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.596 0 Td [(it)-436(might)-435(borrow)-436(and)-435(adapt)-436(rites)-436(and)-435(symbols)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 216.981 0 Td [([625])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(from)-358(pagan)-359(temples,)-385(or)-358(ideas)-358(from)-359(Greek)-358(philosophy.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.158 3.958 Td [(3213)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.709 -3.958 Td [(But)]TJ -264.867 -13.55 Td [(in)-297(borrowing,)-309(it)-297(transfigured)-297(them.)-391(In)-297(all)-297(that)-298(was)-297(essential,)-308(the)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 99.003 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 92.19 Td [(3211)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(134.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.31 Td [(3212)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(329;)-250(Porphyr.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 111.335 0 Td [(De)-250(Abstin.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 40.098 0 Td [(iv.)-250(36;)-250(cf.)-250(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(98.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -166.128 -7.311 Td [(3213)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Hatch,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 25.895 0 Td [(Hibbert)-250(Lectures)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 61.016 0 Td [(,)-250(pp.)-250(49,)-250(135,)-250(292.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3294 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3295 0 R /Resources 3293 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3288 0 R >> endobj 3296 0 obj << /D [3294 0 R /XYZ 198.102 137.45 null] >> endobj 3293 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3299 0 obj << /Length 5476 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(754)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(Church)-377(would)-376(hold)-377(no)-377(truce)-376(with)-377(paganism.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 206.968 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Break)-377(the)-376(idols)]TJ -211.812 -13.549 Td [(and)-309(consecrate)-309(the)-309(temples)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 119.173 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.215 0 Td [(was)-309(the)-309(motto)-309(of)-309(the)-309(great)-309(Pontiff.)]TJ -127.388 -13.549 Td [(But)-321(Mithra)-321(was)-322(ready)-321(to)-321(shelter)-321(the)-322(idols)-321(under)-321(his)-321(purer)-321(faith.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(The)-369(images)-369(of)-369(Jupiter)-369(and)-369(Venus,)-399(of)-369(Mars)-369(and)-370(Hecate,)-398(of)-369(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(local)-359(deities)-360(of)-359(Dacia)-360(and)-359(Upper)-359(Germany,)-387(find)-359(a)-360(place)-359(in)-359(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(chapels)-260(beside)-260(the)-260(antique)-260(symbols)-260(of)-260(the)-260(Persian)-260(faith.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 242.353 3.959 Td [(3214)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.492 -3.959 Td [(And)]TJ -261.845 -13.549 Td [(thus,)-236(in)-232(spit)1(e)-232(of)-232(a)-232(lofty)-232(moral)-232(mysticism,)-236(Mithra)-232(was)-232(loaded)-231(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-306(heritage)-306(of)-306(the)-306(heathen)-306(past.)-418(A)-306(man)-306(admitted)-306(to)-305(his)-306(highest)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ministry)-190(might)-190(also)-190(worship)-189(at)-190(the)-190(old)-190(altars)-190(of)-190(Greece)-190(and)-189(Rome.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(The)-349(last)-348(hierophant)-349(of)-349(Eleusis)-348(was)-349(a)-348(high-priest)-349(of)-349(Mithra.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 264.192 3.959 Td [(3215)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -264.192 -17.508 Td [(Human)-297(nature)-297(and)-297(religious)-297(sentiment)-297(are)-297(so)-297(complex)-297(that)-296(men)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-385(the)-385(sincere)-384(monotheistic)-385(faith)-385(of)-385(Symmachus,)-418(Praetextatus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-373(Macrobius,)-403(have)-373(left)-372(the)-373(almost)-373(boastful)-372(record)-373(of)-373(an)-372(all-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(embracing)-356(laxity)-356(of)-356(tolerance)-356(on)-356(their)-356(tombs.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 203.572 3.958 Td [(3216)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 22.634 -3.958 Td [(On)-356(many)-356(of)]TJ -226.206 -13.55 Td [(these)-306(slabs)-307(you)-306(may)-306(read)-306(that)-307(the)-306(man)-306(who)-307(has)-306(been)-306(a)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 245.503 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(father)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.44 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(in)-384(the)-384(mysteries)-384(of)-384(Mithra,)-417(who)-384(has)-384(been)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 192.935 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(born)-384(again)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.813 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.032 0 Td [(in)-384(the)]TJ -254.624 -13.549 Td [(taurobolium,)-308(is)-297(also)-296(a)-297(priest)-296(of)-296(Hecate,)-309(the)-296(goddess)-297(of)-296(dark)-296(arts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-331(baleful)-330(spirits)-331(of)-330(the)-331(night.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 138.327 3.959 Td [(3217)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.804 -3.959 Td [(Through)-331(the)-330(astral)-331(fatalism)]TJ -160.131 -13.549 Td [(of)-301(Babylon,)-315(Mithra)-301(was)-301(inseparably)-301(connected)-302(with)-301(the)-301(darkest)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(superstitions)-454(of)-454(East)-454(or)-454(West,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 137.076 3.959 Td [(3218)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.948 -3.959 Td [(which)-454(covered)-454(all)-454(sorts)-454(of)]TJ -159.024 -13.549 Td [(secret)-406(crime)-405(and)-406(perfidy,)-445(which)-405(lent)-406(themselves)-406(to)-405(seduction,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conspiracy,)-394(and)-364(murder,)-394(which)-365(involved)-364(the)-365(denial)-365(of)-365(a)-364(moral)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Providence)-336(of)-336(the)-337(world.)-508(Many)-336(a)-337(pious)-336(devotee)-336(of)-336(Mithra)-336(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hecate)-379(would)-378(have)-379(recoiled,)-411(as)-379(much)-379(as)-378(we)-379(do,)-411(from)-379(the)-378(last)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(results)-281(of)-280(his)-281(superstition.)-342(Such)-280(people)-281(probably)-280(wished)-281(only)-280(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gain)-310(another)-311(ally)-310(in)-311(facing)-310(the)-311(terrors)-310(of)-310(the)-311(unseen)-310(world.)-431(Yet)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(there)-309(can)-309(be)-309(little)-309(doubt)-309(that)-309(the)-309(majestic)-309(supremacy)-309(of)-308(Mithra,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(through)-311(its)-310(old)-310(connection)-311(with)-310(Babylon,)-326(sheltered)-310(some)-311(of)-310(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(most)-250(degrading)-250(impostures)-250(of)-250(superstition.)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 93.543 121.326 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 90.804 114.513 Td [(3214)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Cumont,)-250(Intr.)-250(p.)-250(334.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.394 Td [(3215)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Gasquet,)-250(p.)-250(137.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -14.695 -7.311 Td [(3216)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(C.I.L.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 22.918 0 Td [(vi.)-250(500,)-250(504,)-250(511,)-250(1779.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -37.613 -7.31 Td [(3217)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Maury,)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 28.387 0 Td [(La)-250(Magie)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 34.619 0 Td [(,)-250(p.)-250(54.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -77.701 -7.311 Td [(3218)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Ib.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 11.952 0 Td [(p.)-250(146.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3298 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3299 0 R /Resources 3297 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3288 0 R >> endobj 3297 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3302 0 obj << /Length 5113 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(VI.)-250(The)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-13698(755)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(So)-450(rooted)-450(is)-449(religious)-450(sentiment)-450(in)-450(reverence)-450(for)-450(the)-449(past,)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(for)-405(what)-406(our)-405(fathers)-405(have)-405(loved)-406(and)-405(venerated,)-444(that)-405(men)-405(will)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(long)-318(tolerate,)-335(or)-318(even)-318(wistfully)-318(cherish,)-335(sacred)-318(forms)-318(and)-318(ideas)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(which)-341(their)-341(moral)-340(sense)-341(has)-341(outgrown.)-522(Down)-341(to)-341(the)-341(last)-340(years)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-395(the)-395(fourth)-395(century,)-431(the)-395(Persian)-395(worship)-395(was)-395(defended)-394(with)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 291.024 0 Td [([626])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -291.024 -13.549 Td [(defiant)-262(zeal)-262(by)-262(members)-263(of)-262(the)-262(proudest)-262(Roman)-262(houses.)-286(In)-262(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophic)-353(gatherings)-352(in)-353(the)-352(reign)-353(of)-352(Honorius,)-378(they)-353(found)-352(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Sun-worship)-356(the)-356(sum)-356(and)-356(climax)-356(of)-356(the)-356(pagan)-356(devotion)-356(of)-356(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(past.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 20.302 3.958 Td [(3219)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 25.266 -3.958 Td [(Many)-436(a)-437(pious)-436(old)-437(priest)-436(of)-436(Mithra,)-483(in)-437(the)-436(reign)-436(of)]TJ -45.568 -13.55 Td [(Gratian,)-371(was)-347(probably)-347(filled)-347(with)-347(wonder)-347(and)-347(sorrow)-347(when)-346(he)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(saw)-253(a)-254(Gracchus)-253(and)-254(his)-253(retinue)-253(break)-254(into)-253(the)-254(sanctuary)-253(and)-253(tear)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(down)-326(the)-327(venerable)-326(symbols)-327(from)-326(the)-326(wall)-327(of)-326(the)-326(apse.)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 246.245 3.959 Td [(3220)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.665 -3.959 Td [(He)]TJ -267.91 -13.549 Td [(deemed)-270(himself)-269(the)-270(prophet)-270(of)-269(a)-270(pure)-270(immemorial)-269(faith,)-275(as)-269(pure)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(as)-406(that)-406(of)-406(Galilee.)-717(He)-406(was)-406(probably)-406(a)-406(man)-406(of)-405(irreproachable)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(morals,)-445(with)-405(even)-406(a)-405(certain)-406(ascetic)-406(sanctity,)-444(unspotted)-406(by)-405(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(world.)-244(He)-233(treasured)-233(the)-232(secret)-233(lore)-232(of)-233(the)-233(mysterious)-232(East,)-236(which)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sped)-328(the)-327(departing)-328(soul)-328(with)-328(the)-327(last)-328(comforting)-328(sacraments)-327(on)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-230(flight)-230(to)-229(ethereal)-230(worlds.)-243(But)-230(he)-230(could)-230(not)-229(see,)-234(or)-230(he)-230(could)-229(not)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(regret,)-351(that)-330(every)-331(day)-331(when)-330(he)-331(said)-330(his)-331(liturgy,)-351(as)-330(he)-331(made)-330(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(round)-199(of)-198(the)-198(altars,)-209(he)-199(was)-198(lending)-199(the)-198(authority)-199(of)-198(a)-199(purer)-198(faith)-198(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(other)-223(worships)-224(which)-223(had)-224(affrighted)-223(or)-224(debauched)-223(and)-223(enervated)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-364(Roman)-364(world)-364(for)-364(forty)-364(generations.)-592(He)-364(could)-364(not)-364(see)-363(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-420(attempt)-421(to)-420(wed)-420(a)-420(high)-421(spiritual)-420(ideal)-420(with)-420(nature-worship)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(was)-417(doomed)-417(to)-418(failure.)-751(The)-418(masses)-417(around)-417(him)-417(remained)-417(in)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(their)-322(grossness)-322(and)-321(darkness.)-465(And)-322(on)-322(that)-322(very)-321(day,)-340(it)-322(may)-321(be,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(one)-383(of)-384(his)-383(aristocratic)-383(disciples,)-417(high)-383(in)-384(the)-383(ranks)-383(of)-383(Mithra)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 272.754 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ -276.387 -13.549 Td [(sacred)-188(guilds,)-200(was)-188(attending)-188(a)-187(priestly)-188(college)-188(which)-188(was)-187(charged)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-295(the)-295(guardianship)-295(of)-295(gross)-295(and)-295(savage)-295(rites)-295(running)-295(back)-295(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Evander,)-324(or)-308(he)-309(was)-309(consulting)-309(a)-309(Jewish)-308(witch,)-324(or)-309(a)-308(Babylonian)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(diviner,)-308(on)-296(the)-297(meaning)-296(of)-297(some)-296(sinister)-296(omen,)-308(or)-297(he)-296(may)-296(have)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(been)-296(sending)-295(down)-296(into)-296(the)-295(arena,)-307(with)-296(cold)-296(proud)-295(satisfaction,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-379(band)-379(of)-379(gallant)-379(fighters)-379(from)-379(the)-379(Thames)-379(or)-379(the)-379(Danube,)-411(to)]TJ 0 g 0 G ET q 1 0 0 1 46.771 87.883 cm []0 d 0 J 0.398 w 0 0 m 112.25 0 l S Q BT /F16 5.9776 Tf 44.032 81.071 Td [(3219)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(Macrob.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 32.368 0 Td [(Sat.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 15.942 0 Td [(i.)-250(17,)-250(\247)-250(4.)]TJ/F16 5.9776 Tf -63.005 -7.311 Td [(3220)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.695 -3.809 Td [(S.)-250(Hieron.)]TJ/F23 8.9664 Tf 38.851 0 Td [(Ep.)]TJ/F16 8.9664 Tf 14.445 0 Td [(107,)-250(\247)-250(2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3301 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3302 0 R /Resources 3300 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3288 0 R >> endobj 3303 0 obj << /D [3301 0 R /XYZ 46.771 463.978 null] >> endobj 3300 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3306 0 obj << /Length 664 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(756)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(butcher)-454(one)-453(another)-454(for)-454(the)-453(pleasure)-454(of)-454(the)-453(rabble)-454(of)-453(Rome.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Mithra,)-328(the)-312(Unconquered,)-327(the)-312(god)-312(of)-312(many)-312(lands)-312(and)-312(dynasties)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-329(the)-328(dawn)-329(of)-329(history,)-348(was)-328(a)-329(fascinating)-329(power.)-486(But,)-348(at)-328(his)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(best,)-250(he)-250(belonged)-250(to)-250(the)-250(order)-250(which)-250(was)-250(vanishing.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3305 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3306 0 R /Resources 3304 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3288 0 R >> endobj 3304 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3307 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index22) >> endobj 3310 0 obj (Index) endobj 3335 0 obj << /Length 2424 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 7.9701 Tf 337.795 512.811 Td [([627])]TJ/F16 18.9589 Tf -180.19 -65.094 Td [(INDEX)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -89.015 -39.274 Td [(Abascantus,)-377(secretary)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 100.334 0 Td [(ab)-351(epistulis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.114 0 Td [(,)-377(career)-351(of,)-377(described)-352(in)]TJ -151.448 -13.549 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 16.058 0 Td [(Silvae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 26.662 0 Td [(,)-250(110)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -42.72 -13.705 Td [(Acta)-250(diurna)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.818 0 Td [(,)]TJ -30 -13.704 Td [(regular)-250(arrival)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(provinces,)-250(205;)]TJ 0 -13.705 Td [(reader)-250(of,)-250(95)]TJ -21.818 -13.704 Td [(Acte,)-250(mistress)-250(of)-250(Nero,)-250(cares)-250(for)-250(his)-250(burial,)-250(115)]TJ 0 -13.705 Td [(Aelian)-250(of)-250(Praeneste,)]TJ 21.818 -13.704 Td [(account)-250(of)-250(his)-250(work)-250(on)-250(Providence,)-250(456;)]TJ 0 -13.704 Td [(immense)-250(credulity,)-250(and)-250(hatred)-250(of)-250(rationalism,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 201.185 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -212.399 -13.705 Td [(the)-250(pious)-250(cock)-250(of)-250(Tanagra,)-250(457;)]TJ 0 -13.704 Td [(last)-250(dream)-250(of)-250(Philemon,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 106.963 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -128.781 -13.705 Td [(Africa,)]TJ 21.818 -13.704 Td [(the)-190(development)-190(of)-190(its)-190(city)-190(life,)-202(organisation)-190(of)-190(Thamu-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(gadi,)-250(202;)]TJ 0 -13.705 Td [(of)-250(Lambesi,)-250(208;)]TJ 0 -13.704 Td [(amphitheatres)-250(in,)-250(201;)]TJ 0 -13.705 Td [(and)-250(bishoprics,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 68.782 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -79.996 -13.704 Td [(little)-250(touched)-250(by)-250(Mithraism,)-250(597)]TJ -21.818 -13.705 Td [(Agrippina,)-250(mother)-250(of)-250(Nero,)]TJ 21.818 -13.704 Td [(memoirs)-250(by,)-250(used)-250(by)-250(Tacitus,)-250(80;)]TJ 0 -13.705 Td [(sits)-250(on)-250(the)-250(tribunal)-250(with)-250(Claudius,)-250(81;)]TJ 0 -13.704 Td [(shade)-250(propitiated)-250(by)-250(Nero,)-250(491)]TJ -21.818 -13.704 Td [(Albinus,)-244(P.)-243(Caeionius,)-245(restores)-243(a)-243(temple)-243(at)-243(Thamugadi,)-244(202)]TJ 0 -13.705 Td [(Alcantara,)-250(the)-250(bridge)-250(of,)-250(220)]TJ 0 -13.704 Td [(Alexander)-250(of)-250(Abonoteichos,)]TJ 21.818 -13.705 Td [(oracle)-250(on)-250(the)-250(Marcomannic)-250(war,)-250(451,)-250(476;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3334 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3335 0 R /Resources 3333 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3338 0 R /Annots [ 3311 0 R 3312 0 R 3313 0 R 3314 0 R 3315 0 R 3316 0 R 3317 0 R 3318 0 R 3319 0 R 3320 0 R 3321 0 R 3322 0 R 3323 0 R 3324 0 R 3325 0 R 3326 0 R 3327 0 R 3328 0 R 3329 0 R 3330 0 R ] >> endobj 3311 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [116.764 393.377 133.128 402.345] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg110) >> >> endobj 3312 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.913 365.107 261.277 374.979] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg205) >> >> endobj 3313 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [134.928 352.264 145.837 361.275] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg95) >> >> endobj 3314 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [259.149 338.56 275.513 347.57] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg115) >> >> endobj 3315 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.651 311.151 264.015 320.162] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg456) >> >> endobj 3316 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.593 296.584 302.807 306.413] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg456) >> >> endobj 3317 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.164 282.88 225.528 292.753] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg457) >> >> endobj 3318 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [197.371 270.037 208.586 279.005] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg457) >> >> endobj 3319 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [114.648 228.217 131.011 237.937] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg202) >> >> endobj 3320 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.248 215.375 161.611 224.233] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg208) >> >> endobj 3321 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [168.277 200.819 184.64 210.528] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg201) >> >> endobj 3322 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [159.189 187.115 170.404 196.933] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg201) >> >> endobj 3323 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.957 173.399 231.32 183.272] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg597) >> >> endobj 3324 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.611 145.991 232.52 155.711] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 3325 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [240.418 133.148 251.327 142.006] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg81) >> >> endobj 3326 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.869 118.582 225.233 128.302] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg491) >> >> endobj 3327 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.038 104.877 327.401 114.597] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg202) >> >> endobj 3328 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.648 91.173 194.011 100.893] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg220) >> >> endobj 3329 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.604 64.626 250.968 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg451) >> >> endobj 3330 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.422 64.626 272.786 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg476) >> >> endobj 3336 0 obj << /D [3334 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 3308 0 obj << /D [3334 0 R /XYZ 46.771 518.175 null] >> endobj 3337 0 obj << /D [3334 0 R /XYZ 119.976 107.255 null] >> endobj 3333 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3372 0 obj << /Length 3324 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(758)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(physical)-250(and)-250(mental)-250(gifts)-250(of,)-250(473)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(skilful)-250(charlatanry,)-250(474)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(war)-250(with)-250(the)-250(Epicureans,)-250(476;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.294 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(treatment)-250(of,)-250(477;)]TJ -33.927 -13.707 Td [(establishes)-250(new)-250(Mysteries,)-250(476)-250(sq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Alexandria,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(roses)-250(from,)-250(for)-250(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 89.061 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(dinners,)-250(32;)]TJ -92.694 -13.708 Td [(singing)-250(boys)-250(from,)-250(at)-250(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.934 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(dinner,)-250(130)-250(sq.;)]TJ -147.567 -13.707 Td [(character)-250(of)-250(its)-250(populace,)-250(374;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Dion)-238(Chrysostom)-239(rebukes)-238(their)-238(passion)-238(for)-239(games,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 222.746 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -233.96 -13.708 Td [(a)-250(great)-250(focus)-250(of)-250(religious)-250(feeling,)-250(397;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(and)-250(eclecticism,)-250(561)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Animal-worship,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(excites)-250(ridicule,)-250(571;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(philosophy)-250(justified)-250(it,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 101.225 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(,)-250(395;)]TJ -112.439 -13.707 Td [(little)-250(noticed)-250(in)-250(Apuleius,)-250(572)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Annaeus)-260(Serenus,)-262(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 112.026 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 7.078 0 Td [(De)-260(Tranquillitate)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 79.011 0 Td [(addressed)-260(to,)]TJ -201.748 -13.549 Td [(character)-250(of,)-250(319)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Antinous,)-250(death)-250(and)-250(apotheosis)-250(of,)-250(450,)-250(477,)-250(478)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Antium,)-250(temple)-250(of)-250(Fortuna)-250(Primigenia)-250(at,)-250(456)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Antoninus)-250(Pius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(builds)-250(a)-250(temple)-250(to)-250(Juno)-250(Sospita)-250(of)-250(Lanuvium,)-250(538;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(to)-250(Mithra)-250(at)-250(Ostia,)-250(591;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(his)-250(country)-250(pleasures)-250(at)-250(Lorium,)-250(537;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(flattered)-250(by)-250(the)-250(Arval)-250(Brothers,)-250(542;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Magna)-250(Mater)-250(on)-250(his)-250(coins,)-250(549;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(taurobolium)-250(for,)-250(in)-250(160,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 107.269 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(,)-250(557)]TJ -140.301 -13.708 Td [(Apollonius)-250(of)-250(Tyana,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(involved)-250(in)-250(political)-250(conspiracy,)-250(40;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(a)-250(great)-250(preacher,)-250(effect)-250(of)-250(his)-250(sermons,)-250(347;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(early)-362(life,)-390(Pythagorean)-362(asceticism,)-390(Sun)-362(worship,)-389(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(catholic)-250(ritualism,)-250(399;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(reconciled)-250(myth)-250(with)-250(a)-250(purer)-250(faith,)-250(400;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(visits)-250(all)-250(the)-250(oracles,)-250(472;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3371 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3372 0 R /Resources 3370 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3338 0 R /Annots [ 3331 0 R 3332 0 R 3339 0 R 3340 0 R 3341 0 R 3342 0 R 3343 0 R 3344 0 R 3345 0 R 3346 0 R 3347 0 R 3348 0 R 3349 0 R 3350 0 R 3351 0 R 3352 0 R 3353 0 R 3354 0 R 3355 0 R 3356 0 R 3357 0 R 3358 0 R 3359 0 R 3360 0 R 3361 0 R 3362 0 R 3363 0 R 3364 0 R 3365 0 R 3366 0 R 3367 0 R 3368 0 R ] >> endobj 3331 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [263.834 515.797 280.198 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg473) >> >> endobj 3332 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.314 502.089 238.678 511.809] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg474) >> >> endobj 3339 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.365 488.393 264.729 498.102] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg476) >> >> endobj 3340 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.55 475.536 252.914 484.427] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg477) >> >> endobj 3341 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.558 460.967 272.921 470.687] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg476) >> >> endobj 3342 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [274.416 434.413 285.325 443.304] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 3343 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [325.045 419.844 341.408 429.597] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg130) >> >> endobj 3344 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [249.565 406.147 265.929 415.856] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg374) >> >> endobj 3345 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [359.926 392.429 371.14 402.258] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg374) >> >> endobj 3346 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [284.114 378.721 300.478 388.441] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg397) >> >> endobj 3347 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [210.194 365.875 226.558 374.886] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg561) >> >> endobj 3348 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.983 338.46 225.347 347.471] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg571) >> >> endobj 3349 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.405 323.891 249.619 333.764] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg571) >> >> endobj 3350 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.074 323.891 271.438 333.764] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg395) >> >> endobj 3351 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [250.819 310.194 267.183 320.056] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg572) >> >> endobj 3352 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.601 283.788 188.965 292.647] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg319) >> >> endobj 3353 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [268.983 269.23 285.347 279.092] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg450) >> >> endobj 3354 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [290.801 269.23 307.165 279.092] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg477) >> >> endobj 3355 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [312.619 269.23 328.983 279.092] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg478) >> >> endobj 3356 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [298.994 255.511 315.357 265.384] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg456) >> >> endobj 3357 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [338.092 228.107 354.456 237.969] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg538) >> >> endobj 3358 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [219.903 215.251 236.267 224.261] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg591) >> >> endobj 3359 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [280.798 200.681 297.161 210.554] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg537) >> >> endobj 3360 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [276.543 186.974 292.907 196.846] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg542) >> >> endobj 3361 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.558 173.266 272.921 183.139] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 3362 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.449 160.42 255.663 169.431] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 3363 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.118 160.42 277.481 169.431] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg557) >> >> endobj 3364 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [280.503 132.143 291.412 141.863] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg40) >> >> endobj 3365 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.932 118.436 325.296 128.156] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg347) >> >> endobj 3366 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.692 92.041 235.056 100.899] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg399) >> >> endobj 3367 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.39 77.471 307.754 87.191] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg400) >> >> endobj 3368 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.99 64.626 245.354 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg472) >> >> endobj 3370 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3407 0 obj << /Length 2717 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(759)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(his)-250(ideas)-250(of)-250(a)-250(future)-250(state,)-250(518)-250(sqq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Apotheosis,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(Antonine)-250(age,)-250(386,)-250(537;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(of)-250(Antinous,)-250(477;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(of)-250(Peregrinus,)-250(478;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(of)-250(M.)-250(Aurelius,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 69.992 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -81.207 -13.713 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(Emperors,)-250(its)-250(history,)-250(615)-250(sqq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Apuleius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(sensual)-250(imagination)-250(and)-250(mysticism)-250(of,)-250(389;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(weird)-250(scenes)-250(of)-250(miracle)-250(in)-250(Thessaly,)-250(483;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(lofty)-250(conception)-250(of)-250(God,)-250(389;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(description)-211(of)-210(the)-211(revels)-210(of)-211(the)-211(wandering)-210(priests)-211(of)-210(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Syrian)-250(goddess,)-250(551)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(of)-250(other)-250(scenes)-250(in)-250(Thessaly,)-250(552;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(conception)-250(of)-250(Isis)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Metamorphoses,)-250(563;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(mystic)-250(raptures,)-250(570,)-250(574,)-250(576)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Aquileia,)-250(a)-250(great)-250(seat)-250(of)-250(Mithraism,)-250(593)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Ardeliones,)-250(the,)-250(life)-250(of,)-250(described,)-250(12,)-250(174)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(Aristides,)-250(P.)-250(Aelius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(picture)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Roman)-250(Empire)-250(in,)-250(199;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(general)-250(security,)-250(205;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(journey)-250(from)-250(Mysia)-250(to)-250(Rome,)-250(206,)-250(464;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(early)-250(history)-250(and)-250(travels,)-250(457;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(long)-389(ill)-388(health)-389(and)-388(resort)-389(to)-388(temples)-389(of)-388(healing,)-423(458)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-413(rhetorical)-413(training)-413(affected)-413(his)-413(religious)-412(attitude,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(458)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(diseases)-250(of,)-250(lasting)-250(for)-250(thirteen)-250(years,)-250(463;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(ordeals)-250(and)-250(vitality,)-250(465;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(visited)-250(by)-250(the)-250(gods,)-250(466;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(recovers)-250(his)-250(rhetorical)-250(power,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 132.381 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -143.596 -13.713 Td [(mingled)-250(vanity)-250(and)-250(piety)-250(of,)-250(467)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Aristotle,)-250(influence)-250(of,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(Plutarch,)-250(412;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3406 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3407 0 R /Resources 3405 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3338 0 R /Annots [ 3369 0 R 3373 0 R 3374 0 R 3375 0 R 3376 0 R 3377 0 R 3378 0 R 3379 0 R 3380 0 R 3381 0 R 3382 0 R 3383 0 R 3384 0 R 3385 0 R 3386 0 R 3387 0 R 3388 0 R 3389 0 R 3390 0 R 3391 0 R 3392 0 R 3393 0 R 3394 0 R 3395 0 R 3396 0 R 3397 0 R 3398 0 R 3399 0 R 3400 0 R 3401 0 R 3402 0 R 3403 0 R ] >> endobj 3369 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.626 515.808 220.989 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg518) >> >> endobj 3373 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [181.608 488.371 197.971 498.244] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg386) >> >> endobj 3374 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [203.426 488.371 219.789 498.244] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg537) >> >> endobj 3375 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [147.68 475.52 164.044 484.378] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg477) >> >> endobj 3376 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [154.335 460.946 170.699 470.666] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg478) >> >> endobj 3377 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [160.4 448.095 171.615 457.062] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg478) >> >> endobj 3378 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.946 433.52 231.309 443.393] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg615) >> >> endobj 3379 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [260.709 406.094 277.073 415.814] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg389) >> >> endobj 3380 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.884 392.381 268.248 402.101] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg483) >> >> endobj 3381 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [200.393 378.668 216.757 388.388] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg389) >> >> endobj 3382 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [162.222 351.406 178.586 361.279] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg551) >> >> endobj 3383 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.018 337.694 230.382 347.566] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg552) >> >> endobj 3384 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.113 323.992 289.477 333.853] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg563) >> >> endobj 3385 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [162.822 310.268 179.186 320.141] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg570) >> >> endobj 3386 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.64 310.268 201.004 320.141] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg574) >> >> endobj 3387 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.458 310.268 222.822 320.141] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg576) >> >> endobj 3388 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.138 296.555 242.502 306.428] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg593) >> >> endobj 3389 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [219.768 283.704 230.677 292.562] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg12) >> >> endobj 3390 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.131 283.704 252.495 292.562] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg174) >> >> endobj 3391 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.331 255.427 250.695 265.136] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg199) >> >> endobj 3392 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [165.233 241.704 181.597 251.576] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg205) >> >> endobj 3393 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [223.128 227.991 239.491 237.711] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 3394 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.946 227.991 261.309 237.711] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg464) >> >> endobj 3395 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [200.993 214.278 217.357 224.151] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg457) >> >> endobj 3396 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.038 200.565 327.401 210.438] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg458) >> >> endobj 3397 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 159.765 106.771 169.627] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg458) >> >> endobj 3398 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.222 146.041 271.586 155.761] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg463) >> >> endobj 3399 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [194.949 132.328 211.313 142.201] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg465) >> >> endobj 3400 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.986 118.615 194.349 128.335] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg466) >> >> endobj 3401 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.789 104.913 234.004 114.731] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg466) >> >> endobj 3402 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [216.462 91.19 232.826 100.91] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg467) >> >> endobj 3403 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.859 64.626 162.222 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg412) >> >> endobj 3405 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3437 0 obj << /Length 2822 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(760)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(on)-250(Seneca,)-250(314;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(on)-250(Maximus)-250(of)-250(Tyre,)-250(421)]TJ -21.818 -13.719 Td [(Army,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(honesty)-250(and)-250(courage)-250(in,)-250(49;)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.719 Td [(castra)-250(stativa)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 61.821 0 Td [(grow)-250(into)-250(towns,)-250(207;)]TJ -61.821 -13.718 Td [(Septimius)-347(Severus)-348(allows)-347(the)-348(soldier)-347(to)-348(live)-347(with)-347(his)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -116.392 0 Td [([628])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 116.392 -13.55 Td [(family,)-250(208;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(how)-250(pensions)-250(provided)-250(for,)-250(283;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(military)-250(colleges,)-250(their)-250(objects,)-250(283;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(the)-250(worship)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-250(propagated)-250(by,)-250(591;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(the)-250(legions)-250(which)-250(were)-250(most)-250(active,)-250(595,)-250(596)]TJ -21.818 -13.718 Td [(Arrius)-344(Antoninus,)-368(grandfather)-344(of)-345(Ant.)-532(Pius,)-368(Greek)-344(verses)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of,)-250(166)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(Art,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(pretence)-250(of)-250(taste)-250(for,)-250(131,)-250(178;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(influence)-157(of,)-175(in)-156(religion)-157(discussed)-156(by)-157(Dion)-156(Chrysostom,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(382;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(decay)-250(of,)-250(lamented)-250(by)-250(Petronius,)-250(125)]TJ -21.818 -13.719 Td [(Artemidorus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(work)-250(on)-250(Dreams)-250(by,)-250(468;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(immense)-217(industry,)-224(collections,)-223(and)-217(faith)-217(in)-217(the)-217(science,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -11.214 -13.719 Td [(contempt)-250(for)-250(impostors,)-250(469;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(quasi)-250(scientific)-250(method,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 106.658 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -117.872 -13.719 Td [(its)-250(absurdities,)-250(470)]TJ -21.818 -13.718 Td [(Arvales)-250(Fratres,)-250(the)-250(College)-250(of,)]TJ 21.818 -13.719 Td [(revived)-250(by)-250(Augustus,)-250(534;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(early)-250(history,)-250(meetings)-250(and)-250(ritual)-250(of,)-250(540)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(servility)-250(to)-250(the)-250(Emperors,)-250(541)]TJ -21.818 -13.719 Td [(Asclepius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(immense)-250(popularity)-250(of)-250(his)-250(worship,)-250(459,)-250(539;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(temples)-250(of,)-250(and)-250(their)-250(routine)-250(and)-250(organisation,)-250(460;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(new)-250(oracle)-250(of,)-250(at)-250(Abonoteichos,)-250(474)]TJ -21.818 -13.719 Td [(Asiaticus,)-250(freedman)-250(of)-250(Vitellius,)-250(history)-250(of,)-250(206)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3436 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3437 0 R /Resources 3435 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3338 0 R /Annots [ 3404 0 R 3408 0 R 3409 0 R 3410 0 R 3411 0 R 3412 0 R 3413 0 R 3414 0 R 3415 0 R 3416 0 R 3417 0 R 3418 0 R 3419 0 R 3420 0 R 3421 0 R 3422 0 R 3423 0 R 3424 0 R 3425 0 R 3426 0 R 3427 0 R 3428 0 R 3429 0 R 3430 0 R 3431 0 R 3432 0 R 3433 0 R 3434 0 R ] >> endobj 3404 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.165 516.659 203.529 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg314) >> >> endobj 3408 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.623 502.078 248.987 511.798] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg421) >> >> endobj 3409 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [243.521 474.641 254.43 484.361] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg49) >> >> endobj 3410 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [275.365 460.923 291.728 470.643] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg207) >> >> endobj 3411 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [171.118 433.655 187.481 443.375] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg208) >> >> endobj 3412 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [259.285 419.948 275.649 429.657] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg283) >> >> endobj 3413 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [274.743 406.218 291.107 415.938] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg283) >> >> endobj 3414 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [302.91 392.5 319.274 402.372] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg591) >> >> endobj 3415 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [296.245 378.781 312.608 388.654] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg595) >> >> endobj 3416 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [318.063 378.781 334.427 388.654] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg596) >> >> endobj 3417 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [129.903 352.375 146.267 361.234] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg166) >> >> endobj 3418 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.569 324.088 245.932 333.797] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg131) >> >> endobj 3419 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.387 324.088 267.75 333.797] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg178) >> >> endobj 3420 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 297.671 153.543 306.529] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg382) >> >> endobj 3421 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [282.914 283.09 299.278 292.963] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg125) >> >> endobj 3422 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.98 255.653 245.343 265.373] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg468) >> >> endobj 3423 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 229.248 148.394 238.215] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg468) >> >> endobj 3424 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.449 214.678 260.812 224.387] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg469) >> >> endobj 3425 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [243.838 200.96 255.052 210.778] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg469) >> >> endobj 3426 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.94 188.092 219.303 196.95] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg470) >> >> endobj 3427 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.929 159.793 249.292 169.666] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg534) >> >> endobj 3428 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [298.372 146.075 314.736 155.948] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg540) >> >> endobj 3429 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [250.809 132.356 267.172 142.229] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg541) >> >> endobj 3430 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [294.75 104.919 311.114 114.792] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg459) >> >> endobj 3431 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [316.568 104.919 332.932 114.792] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg539) >> >> endobj 3432 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [341.092 91.201 357.456 100.921] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg460) >> >> endobj 3433 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [278.659 78.344 295.023 87.202] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg474) >> >> endobj 3434 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [307.765 63.764 324.128 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 3438 0 obj << /D [3436 0 R /XYZ 305.825 449.583 null] >> endobj 3435 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3473 0 obj << /Length 2338 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(761)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Astrology,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(influence)-214(of,)-222(in)-214(the)-215(early)-214(empire,)-222(a)-214(political)-215(danger,)-221(45,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(447;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(astrologers)-362(banished)-361(by)-362(Claudius,)-390(Vitellius)-362(and)-361(Ves-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(pasian,)-250(45,)-250(448;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(a)-250(Greek)-250(trade,)-250(93;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Augustus)-250(burns)-250(books)-250(of,)-250(446;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Tiberius)-250(believes)-250(in,)-250(448;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(Otho,)-250(45,)-250(448;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Titus,)-250(449;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(and)-250(M.)-250(Aurelius,)-250(450;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Domitian,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 46.669 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -57.883 -13.713 Td [(Hadrian,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 40.593 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -51.807 -13.713 Td [(in)-250(Mithraism,)-250(598,)-250(602)]TJ -21.818 -13.712 Td [(Attis,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(legend)-250(of,)-250(549;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(becomes)-250(a)-250(solar)-250(deity,)-250(556)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Augury,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(decay)-250(of,)-250(445;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(abuse)-250(of,)-250(532)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Augustales,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.712 Td [(Trimalchio)-250(one)-250(of,)-250(136;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(importance,)-349(organisation,)-348(social)-329(rank,)-349(and)-329(insignia)-328(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(municipal)-250(towns,)-250(216,)-250(217;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(generosity)-250(of,)-250(as)-250(patrons)-250(of)-250(colleges,)-250(275)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Augustine,)-250(S.,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(defends)-250(the)-250(Cynics)-250(of)-250(his)-250(time,)-250(352;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(contempt)-250(for)-250(rites)-250(of)-250(Magna)-250(Mater,)-250(547;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(Varro)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.076 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(theology,)-250(417,)-250(531)-250(n.;)]TJ -42.709 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(cult)-250(of)-250(martyrs,)-250(488;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(on)-250(Plato,)-250(523)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Augustus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(disguised)-250(power,)-250(41;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(destroys)-250(2000)-250(books)-250(of)-250(divination,)-250(446;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3472 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3473 0 R /Resources 3471 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3338 0 R /Annots [ 3439 0 R 3440 0 R 3441 0 R 3442 0 R 3443 0 R 3444 0 R 3445 0 R 3446 0 R 3447 0 R 3448 0 R 3449 0 R 3450 0 R 3451 0 R 3452 0 R 3453 0 R 3454 0 R 3455 0 R 3456 0 R 3457 0 R 3458 0 R 3459 0 R 3460 0 R 3461 0 R 3462 0 R 3463 0 R 3464 0 R 3465 0 R 3466 0 R 3467 0 R 3468 0 R 3469 0 R ] >> endobj 3439 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.765 502.084 324.674 511.957] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg45) >> >> endobj 3440 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 489.397 106.771 498.255] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg447) >> >> endobj 3441 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [123.735 461.284 134.644 471.146] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg45) >> >> endobj 3442 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [140.099 461.284 156.462 471.146] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg448) >> >> endobj 3443 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [154.619 448.422 165.528 457.28] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg93) >> >> endobj 3444 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.648 433.847 221.011 443.567] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg446) >> >> endobj 3445 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [181.913 420.996 198.277 429.854] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg448) >> >> endobj 3446 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [117.68 407.283 128.59 416.294] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg45) >> >> endobj 3447 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [134.044 407.283 150.408 416.294] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg448) >> >> endobj 3448 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [118.291 393.57 134.655 402.429] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg449) >> >> endobj 3449 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [167.066 379.858 183.429 388.868] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg450) >> >> endobj 3450 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.077 366.145 148.291 375.112] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg450) >> >> endobj 3451 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [131 352.432 142.215 361.399] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg450) >> >> endobj 3452 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [152.535 338.719 168.899 347.73] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg598) >> >> endobj 3453 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.353 338.719 190.717 347.73] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg602) >> >> endobj 3454 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [136.76 310.431 153.124 320.304] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 3455 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.084 296.719 206.448 306.591] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg556) >> >> endobj 3456 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [133.117 269.293 149.48 279.166] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg445) >> >> endobj 3457 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [132.517 256.442 148.88 265.453] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg532) >> >> endobj 3458 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.637 229.016 191 237.874] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg136) >> >> endobj 3459 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [168.288 200.903 184.651 210.612] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg216) >> >> endobj 3460 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.106 200.903 206.469 210.612] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg217) >> >> endobj 3461 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [252.8 187.179 269.164 197.052] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg275) >> >> endobj 3462 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.277 159.754 244.64 169.627] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg352) >> >> endobj 3463 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.04 146.041 263.404 155.914] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg547) >> >> endobj 3464 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [183.724 132.328 200.088 142.201] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg417) >> >> endobj 3465 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.542 132.328 232.815 142.201] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Note531-3) >> >> endobj 3466 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.789 118.615 206.153 128.335] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg488) >> >> endobj 3467 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [131.928 105.764 148.291 114.775] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg523) >> >> endobj 3468 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.524 77.477 193.433 87.197] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg41) >> >> endobj 3469 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.346 63.764 260.709 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg446) >> >> endobj 3474 0 obj << /D [3472 0 R /XYZ 124.04 381.374 null] >> endobj 3475 0 obj << /D [3472 0 R /XYZ 90.408 353.948 null] >> endobj 3471 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3505 0 obj << /Length 2817 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(762)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(his)-250(horoscope)-250(cast,)-250(447;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(his)-250(religious)-250(restoration,)-250(and)-250(its)-250(motive,)-250(533;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(foreign)-250(religions,)-250(533;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(restores)-250(a)-250(temple)-250(of)-250(Magna)-250(Mater,)-250(548;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(cautious)-250(acceptance)-250(of)-250(divine)-250(honours,)-250(615)]TJ -21.818 -13.943 Td [(Aurelian,)]TJ 21.818 -13.943 Td [(his)-250(temple)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Sun,)-250(586;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(outbreak)-236(of)-237(the)-236(workmen)-236(of)-236(the)-237(Mint)-236(in)-236(his)-236(reign,)-239(255;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(legend)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 31.811 0 Td [(deo)-250(et)-250(domino)-250(nato)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 86.661 0 Td [(on)-250(his)-250(coins,)-250(618;)]TJ -118.472 -13.943 Td [(effect)-223(of)-223(his)-223(Sun-worship)-223(on)-223(the)-223(development)-222(of)-223(impe-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rial)-250(power,)-250(619)]TJ -21.818 -13.944 Td [(Aurelius,)-250(M.,)]TJ 21.818 -13.943 Td [(slight)-250(interest)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(speculation,)-250(339;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(his)-250(tutors)-250(of)-250(various)-250(schools,)-250(343;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(as)-250(a)-250(boy)-250(recites)-250(the)-250(Salian)-250(litany,)-250(385;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(his)-250(gospel)-250(of)-250(renunciation,)-250(393)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(his)-250(conformity,)-250(394;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(employs)-250(diviners,)-250(450;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(relations)-250(of,)-250(with)-250(Galen,)-250(506;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(views)-250(of,)-250(about)-250(immortality,)-250(507;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(his)-250(Stoic)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(life,)-250(509;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(his)-250(sadness)-250(and)-250(its)-250(causes,)-250(510;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(one)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Salii)-250(in)-250(his)-250(8th)-250(year,)-250(535;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(his)-250(religious)-250(conservatism,)-250(537;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(images)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(every)-250(family)-250(in)-250(the)-250(West,)-250(616)]TJ -21.818 -20.974 Td [(Balbilla,)-250(Greek)-250(verses)-250(by,)-250(80)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(Birth,)]TJ 21.818 -13.944 Td [(respect)-250(for,)-250(in)-250(Juvenal,)-250(69;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(in)-250(D.)-250(Cassius,)-250(Suetonius,)-250(and)-250(Pliny,)-250(70;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(manufacture)-473(of)-473(genealogies,)-528(in)-473(Vit.)-919(Apollonius)-472(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Tyana,)-250(and)-250(S.)-250(Jerome,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 99.676 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -110.89 -13.944 Td [(Herodes)-251(Atticus)-251(traced)-252(his)-251(descent)-251(from)-251(the)-251(Aeacidae,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(225;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3504 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3505 0 R /Resources 3503 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3338 0 R /Annots [ 3470 0 R 3476 0 R 3477 0 R 3478 0 R 3479 0 R 3480 0 R 3481 0 R 3482 0 R 3483 0 R 3484 0 R 3485 0 R 3486 0 R 3487 0 R 3488 0 R 3489 0 R 3490 0 R 3491 0 R 3492 0 R 3493 0 R 3494 0 R 3495 0 R 3496 0 R 3497 0 R 3498 0 R 3499 0 R 3500 0 R 3501 0 R ] >> endobj 3470 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.62 515.808 238.983 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg447) >> >> endobj 3476 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [312.936 501.854 329.299 511.726] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg533) >> >> endobj 3477 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.718 487.91 278.081 497.783] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg533) >> >> endobj 3478 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [290.169 473.967 306.532 483.84] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg548) >> >> endobj 3479 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [309.259 460.035 325.623 469.897] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg615) >> >> endobj 3480 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [235.361 432.148 251.725 442.01] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg586) >> >> endobj 3481 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [354.777 418.194 371.14 428.067] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg255) >> >> endobj 3482 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.23 404.251 329.594 414.08] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg618) >> >> endobj 3483 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.165 376.769 203.529 386.478] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg619) >> >> endobj 3484 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [279.903 348.872 296.267 358.592] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg339) >> >> endobj 3485 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [265.056 335.79 281.419 344.649] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg343) >> >> endobj 3486 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [283.219 320.985 299.583 330.858] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg385) >> >> endobj 3487 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.652 307.042 272.016 316.762] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg393) >> >> endobj 3488 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.572 293.099 222.936 302.819] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg394) >> >> endobj 3489 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.481 279.155 233.845 289.028] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg450) >> >> endobj 3490 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.649 266.074 262.012 275.085] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg506) >> >> endobj 3491 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [263.845 251.269 280.209 261.142] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg507) >> >> endobj 3492 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [233.539 238.188 249.903 247.198] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg509) >> >> endobj 3493 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [254.136 224.244 270.499 233.255] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg510) >> >> endobj 3494 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.838 209.439 290.201 219.312] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg535) >> >> endobj 3495 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.569 195.496 272.932 205.369] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg537) >> >> endobj 3496 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [309.881 181.553 326.245 191.273] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg616) >> >> endobj 3497 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.096 160.579 242.005 170.299] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 3498 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.972 132.703 249.881 142.412] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg69) >> >> endobj 3499 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [295.983 118.749 306.892 128.469] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg70) >> >> endobj 3500 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.856 91.256 248.07 101.085] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg70) >> >> endobj 3501 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 64.626 153.543 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg225) >> >> endobj 3503 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3535 0 obj << /Length 2568 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(763)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(Tiberius)-250(on,)-250(70)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Bithynia,)]TJ 21.818 -13.931 Td [(civic)-250(mismanagement)-250(in,)-250(220;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(literary)-250(distinction)-250(of,)-250(372)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Boeotia,)-250(the)-250(oracles)-250(of,)-250(471)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(Brescia,)-250(high)-250(moral)-250(tone)-250(of,)-250(147)]TJ 0 -20.916 Td [(Caenis,)-244(concubine)-243(of)-242(Vespasian,)-244(influence)-243(and)-243(intrigues)-242(of,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(52,)-250(115)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(Caligula,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(wild)-250(schemes)-250(and)-250(profusion)-250(of,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(his)-250(cruelty)-250(and)-250(insolence)-250(to)-250(Senators,)-250(51;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(depraving)-250(example,)-250(73;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(consults)-250(the)-250(oracle)-250(of)-250(Fortune)-250(at)-250(Antium,)-250(472;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(apparitions)-250(at)-250(his)-250(burial,)-250(490;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(claims)-250(of)-250(divinity,)-250(615)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Calpurnia,)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.52 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(wife,)]TJ -53.334 -13.932 Td [(character)-250(of,)-250(and)-250(his)-250(love)-250(for)-250(her,)-250(188,)-250(189;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(literary)-250(taste)-250(of,)-250(80)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Canabae)-250(legionis)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 76.669 0 Td [(,)-250(at)-250(Lambesi,)-250(208)]TJ -76.669 -13.932 Td [(Canusium,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 21.818 -13.931 Td [(Album)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 31.211 0 Td [(of,)-250(210;)]TJ -31.211 -13.932 Td [(Herodes)-250(Atticus)-250(gave)-250(an)-250(aqueduct)-250(to,)-250(225)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Captation,)]TJ 21.818 -13.931 Td [(a)-250(regular)-250(profession,)-250(72;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(result)-250(of)-250(plebeian)-250(poverty)-250(and)-250(aristocratic)-250(vice,)-250(96;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(at)-250(Croton,)-250(in)-250(Petronius,)-250(127;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(Regulus)-250(a)-250(captator,)-250(156)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Carnuntum,)-250(in)-250(Pannonia,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(a)-250(seat)-250(of)-250(Mithraism)-250(from)-250(70)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 124.832 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.979 0 Td [(,)-250(591;)]TJ -140.811 -13.931 Td [(its)-250(temples,)-250(595;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(temple)-247(restored)-248(at,)-248(by)-247(the)-247(imperial)-248(house,)-248(in)-247(the)-247(fourth)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(century,)-250(619)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Centumviral)-250(court,)-250(the,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3534 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3535 0 R /Resources 3533 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3536 0 R /Annots [ 3502 0 R 3506 0 R 3507 0 R 3508 0 R 3509 0 R 3510 0 R 3511 0 R 3512 0 R 3513 0 R 3514 0 R 3515 0 R 3516 0 R 3517 0 R 3518 0 R 3519 0 R 3520 0 R 3521 0 R 3522 0 R 3523 0 R 3524 0 R 3525 0 R 3526 0 R 3527 0 R 3528 0 R 3529 0 R 3530 0 R ] >> endobj 3502 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.859 516.659 156.768 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg70) >> >> endobj 3506 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.52 487.934 218.884 497.654] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg220) >> >> endobj 3507 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.978 474.002 204.342 483.722] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg372) >> >> endobj 3508 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.204 460.932 188.568 469.79] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg471) >> >> endobj 3509 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [193.117 446.139 209.48 455.859] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg147) >> >> endobj 3510 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 412.535 79.499 421.546] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg52) >> >> endobj 3511 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [84.953 412.535 101.317 421.546] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg115) >> >> endobj 3512 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.782 383.821 240.691 393.53] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 3513 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.538 369.878 266.447 379.751] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg51) >> >> endobj 3514 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [179.175 355.947 190.084 365.667] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg73) >> >> endobj 3515 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [272.207 342.877 288.571 351.735] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg472) >> >> endobj 3516 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [198.582 328.094 214.946 337.803] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg490) >> >> endobj 3517 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.837 314.152 189.2 324.024] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg615) >> >> endobj 3518 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [237.931 287.15 254.295 296.008] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg188) >> >> endobj 3519 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [259.749 287.15 276.113 296.008] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg189) >> >> endobj 3520 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [161.906 272.356 172.815 282.076] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 3521 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.342 258.545 220.706 268.254] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg208) >> >> endobj 3522 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [136.16 231.423 152.524 240.391] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg210) >> >> endobj 3523 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.128 216.63 272.491 226.503] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg225) >> >> endobj 3524 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.502 188.766 193.411 198.486] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg72) >> >> endobj 3525 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [298.237 174.835 309.146 184.555] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg96) >> >> endobj 3526 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [194.655 161.765 211.018 170.623] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg127) >> >> endobj 3527 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.059 146.971 193.422 156.844] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg156) >> >> endobj 3528 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.673 119.97 253.037 128.981] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg591) >> >> endobj 3529 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [142.837 105.187 159.2 115.049] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg595) >> >> endobj 3530 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [128.579 77.696 144.942 87.416] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg619) >> >> endobj 3533 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3569 0 obj << /Length 2693 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(764)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(picture)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 81.818 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(Letters,)-250(154)-250(sqq.;)]TJ -85.45 -13.713 Td [(he)-250(welcomes)-250(young)-250(aristocrats)-250(to,)-250(187)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Chaeremon,)-298(Alexandrian)-288(librarian,)-297(wrote)-288(a)-288(treatise)-288(on)-288(Isis,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(568)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Charity,)-250(and)-250(munificence,)]TJ 21.818 -13.712 Td [(provision)-230(for)-230(poor)-230(children)-230(by)-230(Trajan)-230(and)-230(later)-230(Emper-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(ors,)-250(192,)-250(193;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(private)-250(benevolence)-250(exemplified)-250(by)-250(Pliny,)-250(193;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(his)-250(benefactions,)-250(193)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(other)-250(examples)-250(in)-250(the)-250(inscriptions,)-250(193,)-250(224;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(the)-250(Stertinii,)-250(224;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Dion)-250(Chrysostom)-250(and)-250(his)-250(father,)-250(225;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -116.392 0 Td [([629])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 116.392 -13.713 Td [(Herodes)-250(Atticus,)-250(enormous)-250(benefactions)-250(of,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 194.203 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -205.418 -13.713 Td [(munificence)-736(of)-736(the)-736(Emperors,)-857(Vespasian,)-857(Titus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hadrian,)-250(227,)-250(228;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(private)-250(examples)-250(from)-250(inscriptions,)-250(223,)-250(229;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(ideals)-250(of)-250(the)-250(uses)-250(of)-250(wealth,)-250(232;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(men)-250(ruin)-250(themselves)-250(by)-250(generosity,)-250(245)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Cicero,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(adorned)-250(by)-250(Pliny,)-250(158;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(augury,)-250(445;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(beneficence,)-250(190;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(superstition,)-250(443;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(on)-250(legend,)-250(495;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(Delphi,)-250(471;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(immortality,)-250(488)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(City)-250(life,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(splendour)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Antonine)-250(age,)-250(4;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(weariness)-250(of)-250(life)-250(in)-250(the)-250(capital,)-250(174;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(growth)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Gaul,)-250(Spain,)-250(Dacia,)-250(and)-250(Asia,)-250(200)-250(sqq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.712 Td [(Claudian,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(connects)-250(Mithra)-250(with)-250(Bel,)-250(588;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(contempt)-250(for)-250(Greeks,)-250(90)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Claudius,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3568 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3569 0 R /Resources 3567 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3536 0 R /Annots [ 3531 0 R 3532 0 R 3537 0 R 3538 0 R 3539 0 R 3540 0 R 3541 0 R 3542 0 R 3543 0 R 3544 0 R 3545 0 R 3546 0 R 3547 0 R 3548 0 R 3549 0 R 3550 0 R 3551 0 R 3552 0 R 3553 0 R 3554 0 R 3555 0 R 3556 0 R 3557 0 R 3558 0 R 3559 0 R 3560 0 R 3561 0 R 3562 0 R 3563 0 R 3564 0 R ] >> endobj 3531 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [265.35 515.797 281.714 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg154) >> >> endobj 3532 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [288.063 502.084 304.427 511.804] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg187) >> >> endobj 3537 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 477.058 131.725 484.695] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg568) >> >> endobj 3538 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [155.965 434.709 172.329 443.567] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg192) >> >> endobj 3539 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.783 434.709 194.147 443.567] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg193) >> >> endobj 3540 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [324.423 420.134 340.787 429.854] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg193) >> >> endobj 3541 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [213.227 406.432 229.59 416.141] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg193) >> >> endobj 3542 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [289.896 392.719 306.259 402.429] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg193) >> >> endobj 3543 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.714 392.719 328.077 402.429] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg224) >> >> endobj 3544 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [193.852 379.858 210.216 388.716] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg224) >> >> endobj 3545 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [282.019 365.283 298.383 375.156] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg225) >> >> endobj 3546 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [331.383 352.432 342.598 361.399] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg225) >> >> endobj 3547 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.772 325.17 194.136 334.028] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg227) >> >> endobj 3548 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.591 325.17 215.954 334.028] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg228) >> >> endobj 3549 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [294.434 310.606 310.798 320.315] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg223) >> >> endobj 3550 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [316.252 310.606 332.616 320.315] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg229) >> >> endobj 3551 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.096 297.744 277.459 306.602] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg232) >> >> endobj 3552 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [294.739 283.169 311.103 293.042] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg245) >> >> endobj 3553 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.176 255.744 233.54 265.616] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg158) >> >> endobj 3554 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [186.565 242.031 202.929 251.904] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg445) >> >> endobj 3555 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.361 229.18 224.725 238.038] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg190) >> >> endobj 3556 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.183 214.616 223.547 224.325] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg443) >> >> endobj 3557 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [185.354 200.892 201.718 210.765] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg495) >> >> endobj 3558 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [185.965 187.19 202.329 196.899] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg471) >> >> endobj 3559 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.794 173.467 224.158 183.187] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg488) >> >> endobj 3560 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [288.674 146.041 294.129 155.761] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg4) >> >> endobj 3561 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.816 132.339 290.179 142.048] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg174) >> >> endobj 3562 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [328.361 118.615 344.725 128.335] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg200) >> >> endobj 3563 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [253.23 92.051 269.594 101.062] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg588) >> >> endobj 3564 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.307 77.488 243.216 87.197] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg90) >> >> endobj 3570 0 obj << /D [3568 0 R /XYZ 235.667 367.661 null] >> endobj 3567 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3604 0 obj << /Length 2921 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(765)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(recruits)-250(the)-250(Senate)-250(from)-250(the)-250(provinces,)-250(71,)-250(72;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Hellenism)-250(of,)-250(89;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(encouragement)-250(of)-250(trade,)-250(264;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(his)-250(effort)-250(to)-250(revive)-250(the)-250(art)-250(of)-250(augury,)-250(445;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(banishes)-250(the)-250(astrologers,)-250(418;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(conservative)-250(in)-250(religion,)-250(536;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(persecutes)-250(the)-250(Jewish)-250(and)-250(Druidic)-250(religions,)-250(566)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Claudius)-250(Etruscus,)-250(career)-250(of,)-250(and)-250(duties)-250(as)-250(minister,)-250(109)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Clea,)-250(a)-250(priestess)-250(of)-250(Osiris)-250(at)-250(Delphi,)-250(424)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(Client,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(in)-250(Juvenal,)-250(93,)-250(94;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(change)-250(of)-250(the)-250(relation)-250(under)-250(the)-250(Empire,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 178.745 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -189.959 -13.702 Td [(the)-250(relation)-250(in)-250(the)-250(colleges,)-250(273)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Clients,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(position)-250(in)-250(the)-250(time)-250(of)-250(Juvenal,)-250(93)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(and)-250(Martial,)-250(61)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Clodius,)-250(P.,)-250(uses)-250(the)-250(colleges,)-250(254)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(Colleges,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(plebeian)-250(class)-250(in)-250(towns,)-250(251;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(pride)-250(of)-250(free)-250(artisan)-250(class,)-250(253;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(early)-250(history)-250(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 69.382 0 Td [(Collegia)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.581 0 Td [(,)-250(254;)]TJ -106.963 -13.703 Td [(danger)-250(from,)-250(255;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(restrained)-250(by)-250(law,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 80.585 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -91.8 -13.702 Td [(an)-250(irresistible)-250(movement,)-250(256;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(wish)-250(for)-250(pious)-250(burial,)-250(257;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(evidence)-250(on,)-250(from)-250(inscriptions,)-250(258;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(funerary)-250(colleges)-250(authorised,)-250(259;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(consequences)-250(of)-250(the)-250(concession,)-250(260;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(College)-288(of)-287(Diana)-288(and)-288(Antinous,)-297(its)-287(organisation,)-297(fees,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(etc.)-250(260)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(College)-187(of)-188(Aesculapius)-187(and)-188(Hygia,)-200(its)-187(regulations,)-200(262;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(colleges)-250(founded)-250(on)-250(religion,)-250(263;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(industrial)-250(colleges,)-250(great)-250(fair)-250(at)-250(Cremona,)-250(264;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(wandering)-250(traders,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 83.912 0 Td [(collegia)-250(peregrinorum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 98.477 0 Td [(,)-250(265;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3603 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3604 0 R /Resources 3602 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3536 0 R /Annots [ 3565 0 R 3566 0 R 3571 0 R 3572 0 R 3573 0 R 3574 0 R 3575 0 R 3576 0 R 3577 0 R 3578 0 R 3579 0 R 3580 0 R 3581 0 R 3582 0 R 3583 0 R 3584 0 R 3585 0 R 3586 0 R 3587 0 R 3588 0 R 3589 0 R 3590 0 R 3591 0 R 3592 0 R 3593 0 R 3594 0 R 3595 0 R 3596 0 R 3597 0 R 3598 0 R 3599 0 R 3600 0 R ] >> endobj 3565 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.582 515.808 272.491 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg71) >> >> endobj 3566 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.946 515.808 288.855 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg72) >> >> endobj 3571 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [152.524 502.956 163.433 511.814] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg89) >> >> endobj 3572 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.313 488.392 230.677 498.112] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg264) >> >> endobj 3573 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.884 474.689 268.247 484.562] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg445) >> >> endobj 3574 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [200.088 460.986 216.451 470.706] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg418) >> >> endobj 3575 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [198.877 447.284 215.24 457.157] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg536) >> >> endobj 3576 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [285.222 433.581 301.586 443.454] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg566) >> >> endobj 3577 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [297.342 420.74 313.706 429.599] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg109) >> >> endobj 3578 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.266 406.187 244.629 415.896] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg424) >> >> endobj 3579 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [140.404 379.633 151.313 388.491] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg93) >> >> endobj 3580 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [156.768 379.633 167.677 388.491] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg94) >> >> endobj 3581 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [269.153 365.068 280.367 374.897] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg94) >> >> endobj 3582 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [210.997 351.365 227.36 361.085] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg273) >> >> endobj 3583 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.287 323.971 239.197 333.68] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg93) >> >> endobj 3584 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [146.459 311.119 157.368 319.978] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg61) >> >> endobj 3585 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [201.015 296.555 217.378 306.428] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg254) >> >> endobj 3586 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.76 269.161 213.124 279.022] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg251) >> >> endobj 3587 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.52 255.458 221.884 265.32] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg253) >> >> endobj 3588 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.826 241.744 219.189 251.617] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg254) >> >> endobj 3589 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [149.48 228.042 165.844 237.915] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg255) >> >> endobj 3590 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [170.993 214.339 182.208 224.168] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg255) >> >> endobj 3591 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [203.731 201.498 220.095 210.509] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg256) >> >> endobj 3592 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [186.462 186.945 202.826 196.807] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg257) >> >> endobj 3593 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.571 173.242 244.935 183.104] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg258) >> >> endobj 3594 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [219.462 159.529 235.826 169.401] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg259) >> >> endobj 3595 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.309 145.837 250.673 155.546] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg260) >> >> endobj 3596 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [108.582 118.585 124.946 128.294] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg260) >> >> endobj 3597 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.005 104.872 324.369 114.592] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg262) >> >> endobj 3598 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.389 91.169 236.753 100.889] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg263) >> >> endobj 3599 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [274.007 77.466 290.371 87.186] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg264) >> >> endobj 3600 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [278.251 63.764 294.615 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg265) >> >> endobj 3602 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3634 0 obj << /Length 3312 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(766)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(colleges)-250(at)-250(Lyons,)-250(Ostia,)-250(Arles,)-250(etc.)-250(265)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(objects)-250(of)-250(association,)-250(266)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(favoured)-250(by)-250(masters,)-250(267;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(colleges)-335(moulded)-334(on)-335(the)-334(model)-335(of)-334(the)-335(city,)-356(names)-334(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(offices,)-250(etc.)-250(269;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(gradation)-250(of)-250(rank)-250(in,)-250(its)-250(object,)-250(270;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(how)-250(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 37.571 0 Td [(schola)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 31.21 0 Td [(was)-250(provided,)-250(271;)]TJ -68.781 -13.718 Td [(associations)-250(gather)-250(round)-250(it,)-250(gifts)-250(made)-250(to)-250(it,)-250(272;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(College)-250(of)-250(Silvanus)-250(at)-250(Philippi,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 139.407 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -150.621 -13.718 Td [(patrons)-250(of,)-250(and)-250(their)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 90.589 0 Td [(raison)-250(d)]TJ/F44 10.9091 Tf 36.065 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(\352tre)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 16.963 0 Td [(,)-250(273;)]TJ -147.25 -13.719 Td [(colleges)-250(and)-250(their)-250(patrons)-250(of)-250(very)-250(different)-250(rank,)-250(274;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(election)-250(of)-250(a)-250(patron,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 89.978 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -101.192 -13.718 Td [(colleges)-250(founded)-250(to)-250(guard)-250(a)-250(tomb,)-250(276;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(provisions)-250(for)-250(permanent)-250(observances,)-250(277;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(college)-250(feasts)-250(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 80.28 0 Td [(sportulae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.214 0 Td [(,)-250(277)-250(sq.;)]TJ -121.494 -13.719 Td [(regulations)-250(for)-250(decorum)-250(in,)-250(fines,)-250(279;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(the)-375(college)-375(a)-376(family,)-406(in)-375(which)-376(the)-375(slave)-375(is)-375(an)-375(equal,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(281;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(were)-250(colleges)-250(eleemosynary)-250(institutions?)-250(282;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(military)-415(colleges)-415(of)-416(Lambesi,)-456(their)-415(organisation)-415(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(objects,)-250(283)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(extinction)-250(of)-250(a)-250(college,)-250(285)]TJ -21.818 -13.719 Td [(Commodus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(takes)-295(the)-295(tonsure)-295(of)-296(Isis)-295(and)-295(walks)-295(in)-295(an)-295(Isiac)-295(proces-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sion,)-250(553;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(assumes)-250(the)-250(Mithraic)-250(title)-250(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 126.96 0 Td [(Invictus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 34.538 0 Td [(,)-250(618)]TJ -183.316 -13.719 Td [(Como,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(estates)-250(at,)-250(145;)]TJ -26.673 -13.718 Td [(his)-250(gifts)-250(to,)-250(194;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(a)-250(suicide)-250(at,)-250(184;)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.718 Td [(honorarium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 54.851 0 Td [(of)-250(its)-250(curia,)-250(209)]TJ -76.669 -13.719 Td [(Conversion,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(Seneca)-250(on,)-250(34;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(result)-250(of)-250(the)-250(preaching)-250(of)-250(Apollonius,)-250(347;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3633 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3634 0 R /Resources 3632 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3536 0 R /Annots [ 3601 0 R 3605 0 R 3606 0 R 3607 0 R 3608 0 R 3609 0 R 3610 0 R 3611 0 R 3612 0 R 3613 0 R 3614 0 R 3615 0 R 3616 0 R 3617 0 R 3618 0 R 3619 0 R 3620 0 R 3621 0 R 3622 0 R 3623 0 R 3624 0 R 3625 0 R 3626 0 R 3627 0 R 3628 0 R 3629 0 R 3630 0 R ] >> endobj 3601 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [294.728 515.797 311.092 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg265) >> >> endobj 3605 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.561 502.078 252.925 511.798] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg266) >> >> endobj 3606 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.096 488.36 247.46 498.08] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg267) >> >> endobj 3607 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.492 461.954 206.856 470.812] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg269) >> >> endobj 3608 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [274.132 447.374 290.496 457.094] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg270) >> >> endobj 3609 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [269.889 433.666 286.252 443.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg271) >> >> endobj 3610 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [333.532 419.937 349.896 429.657] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg272) >> >> endobj 3611 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [276.587 406.218 287.801 416.047] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg272) >> >> endobj 3612 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [289.885 392.511 306.248 402.329] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg273) >> >> endobj 3613 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [350.758 378.781 367.121 388.501] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg274) >> >> endobj 3614 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [227.158 365.074 238.372 374.892] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg274) >> >> endobj 3615 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [288.369 351.344 304.732 361.064] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg276) >> >> endobj 3616 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.354 337.637 324.718 347.346] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg277) >> >> endobj 3617 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [264.129 323.907 280.492 333.736] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg277) >> >> endobj 3618 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [285.336 310.189 301.699 319.909] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg279) >> >> endobj 3619 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 283.783 153.543 292.641] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg281) >> >> endobj 3620 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [318.968 269.203 335.332 278.923] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg282) >> >> endobj 3621 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.54 241.935 189.903 251.655] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg283) >> >> endobj 3622 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [239.889 228.216 256.252 238.089] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg285) >> >> endobj 3623 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [160.82 188.092 177.183 197.103] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg553) >> >> endobj 3624 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [304.132 174.374 320.496 183.232] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg618) >> >> endobj 3625 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [215.965 146.075 232.329 155.948] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg145) >> >> endobj 3626 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [188.703 132.356 205.067 142.076] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg194) >> >> endobj 3627 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [191.714 119.5 208.078 128.358] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg184) >> >> endobj 3628 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.143 105.781 260.507 114.748] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg209) >> >> endobj 3629 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.165 78.344 198.074 87.202] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg34) >> >> endobj 3630 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [303.521 63.764 319.885 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg347) >> >> endobj 3635 0 obj << /D [3633 0 R /XYZ 192.325 175.89 null] >> endobj 3632 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F44 236 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3668 0 obj << /Length 2747 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(767)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(conversion)-250(of)-250(Polemon,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 106.658 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -117.872 -13.703 Td [(of)-250(D.)-250(Chrysostom,)-250(368;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(in)-250(Plutarch,)-250(413)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Corellius)-250(Rufus,)-250(suicide)-250(of,)-250(184)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(Cornelia,)-250(wife)-250(of)-250(Pompey,)-250(culture)-250(of,)-250(80)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Cotta,)-250(M.)-250(Aurelius,)-250(liberality)-250(of,)-250(to)-250(a)-250(freedman,)-250(119)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Country)-250(life,)]TJ 21.818 -13.702 Td [(growing)-250(love)-250(of,)-250(174;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Roman)-250(country)-250(seats,)-250(their)-250(sites)-250(and)-250(architecture,)-250(176;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(extent)-250(and)-250(grounds,)-250(178;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(routine)-250(of)-250(life,)-250(179;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(purchase)-250(and)-250(management)-250(of)-250(estates,)-250(180;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(charm)-250(of)-250(the)-250(country)-250(in)-250(Roman)-250(literature,)-250(197;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(yet)-250(contempt)-250(for)-250(it,)-250(199;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(moral)-250(tone)-250(of,)-250(2,)-250(144,)-250(147)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Cremona,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(great)-250(fair)-250(at,)-250(263;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(sack)-250(of,)-250(264;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(colleges)-250(of)-250(youth)-250(at,)-250(265;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(munificence)-250(of)-250(its)-250(citizens,)-250(225)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Curatores,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(heard)-250(of)-250(first)-250(in)-250(the)-250(reign)-250(of)-250(Trajan,)-250(222;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(control)-250(of)-250(municipal)-250(finance)-250(by,)-250(248)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Curia,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(composition)-415(of,)-456(illustrated)-415(by)-415(the)-415(roll)-415(of)-415(Canusium,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(210;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(numbers,)-250(and)-250(qualification)-250(of,)-250(214;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(its)-250(fate,)-250(248)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Cynics,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.702 Td [(met)-250(a)-250(general)-250(demand)-250(for)-250(moral)-250(guidance,)-250(340;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(description)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Dion)-250(Chrysostom,)-250(349;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(and)-250(in)-250(the)-250(literature)-250(of)-250(the)-250(age,)-250(350)-250(n.;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(the)-250(Cynic)-250(in)-250(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 86.356 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 6.971 0 Td [(Banquet)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 5.454 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -149.989 -13.703 Td [(attractions)-250(of)-250(the)-250(life)-250(of,)-250(351;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3667 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3668 0 R /Resources 3666 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3536 0 R /Annots [ 3631 0 R 3636 0 R 3637 0 R 3638 0 R 3639 0 R 3640 0 R 3641 0 R 3642 0 R 3643 0 R 3644 0 R 3645 0 R 3646 0 R 3647 0 R 3648 0 R 3649 0 R 3650 0 R 3651 0 R 3652 0 R 3653 0 R 3654 0 R 3655 0 R 3656 0 R 3657 0 R 3658 0 R 3659 0 R 3660 0 R 3661 0 R 3662 0 R 3663 0 R 3664 0 R ] >> endobj 3631 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [197.066 516.659 208.28 525.626] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg347) >> >> endobj 3636 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.742 502.094 190.106 511.814] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg368) >> >> endobj 3637 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [143.437 489.254 159.8 498.112] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg413) >> >> endobj 3638 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [191.011 475.551 207.375 484.409] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg184) >> >> endobj 3639 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.32 460.986 245.229 470.706] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 3640 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.956 447.284 294.32 457.004] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg119) >> >> endobj 3641 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [165.549 419.879 181.913 429.599] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg174) >> >> endobj 3642 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [307.64 406.176 324.004 415.896] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg176) >> >> endobj 3643 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [178.88 392.473 195.244 402.193] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg178) >> >> endobj 3644 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [155.851 379.633 172.215 388.491] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg179) >> >> endobj 3645 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.211 365.068 271.575 374.788] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg180) >> >> endobj 3646 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [274.618 351.365 290.982 361.085] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg197) >> >> endobj 3647 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.764 337.663 193.128 347.383] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg199) >> >> endobj 3648 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [154.64 324.822 160.095 333.68] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg2) >> >> endobj 3649 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [165.549 324.822 181.913 333.68] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg144) >> >> endobj 3650 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.368 324.822 203.731 333.68] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg147) >> >> endobj 3651 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [146.142 296.555 162.506 306.275] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg263) >> >> endobj 3652 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [127.062 283.714 143.426 292.572] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg264) >> >> endobj 3653 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [181.608 269.15 197.971 279.022] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg265) >> >> endobj 3654 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [210.691 256.309 227.055 265.32] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg225) >> >> endobj 3655 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.64 228.042 264.004 237.762] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg222) >> >> endobj 3656 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [233.415 214.339 249.778 224.059] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg248) >> >> endobj 3657 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 174.247 106.771 183.105] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg210) >> >> endobj 3658 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.328 159.693 240.691 169.402] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg214) >> >> endobj 3659 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [125.251 146.841 141.615 155.7] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg248) >> >> endobj 3660 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.629 118.574 293.993 128.294] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg340) >> >> endobj 3661 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [250.106 104.872 266.469 114.592] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg349) >> >> endobj 3662 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.738 91.169 243.102 101.042] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg350) >> >> endobj 3663 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.182 77.466 240.397 87.296] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg350) >> >> endobj 3664 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [198.266 64.626 214.629 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg351) >> >> endobj 3666 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3702 0 obj << /Length 2884 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(768)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(gross)-250(charges)-250(against;)-250(S.)-250(Augustine)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 154.832 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(testimony,)-250(352;)]TJ -158.465 -13.932 Td [(causes)-250(of)-250(prejudice)-250(against,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 122.694 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -133.909 -13.931 Td [(death)-250(of)-250(Peregrinus)-250(as)-250(treated)-250(by)-250(Lucian,)-250(355;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(affinity)-250(of,)-250(with)-250(Christian)-250(asceticism,)-250(355,)-250(361;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(evidently)-250(a)-250(great)-250(popular)-250(force,)-250(358;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(a)-250(one-sided)-250(Stoicism,)-250(359;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(Cynic)-250(ideal,)-250(359)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(the)-250(Empire,)-250(362)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(and)-250(to)-250(popular)-250(religion,)-250(363;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(cultivated)-250(Cynics,)-250(364)-250(sqq.)]TJ -21.818 -20.916 Td [(Dacia,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(organisation)-250(and)-250(town)-250(life)-250(of,)-250(201;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(worship)-250(of)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-250(in,)-250(549;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(of)-250(Isis,)-250(568;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(settlement)-250(of,)-250(by)-250(Trajan,)-250(a)-250(seat)-250(of)-250(Mithraism,)-250(594;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -116.392 0 Td [([630])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 116.392 -13.931 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(worship)-250(of)-250(Isis)-250(and)-250(Magna)-250(Mater,)-250(549,)-250(568)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Daemons,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(conception)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Plutarch)-250(and)-250(Maximus)-250(of)-250(Tyre,)-250(426;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(history)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Greek)-250(literature)-250(from)-250(Hesiod,)-250(427;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(use)-250(of)-250(the)-250(idea)-250(by)-250(Platonists,)-250(425;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(Xenocrates)-291(first)-290(taught)-291(the)-291(exist)1(ence)-291(of)-291(evil)-290(daemons,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(431)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(employed)-250(by)-250(Plutarch)-250(to)-250(rehabilitate)-250(myth,)-250(432;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(believed)-250(in)-250(by)-250(the)-250(Fathers,)-250(433;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(a)-250(cause)-250(of)-250(oracular)-250(inspiration,)-250(437;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(mortality)-250(of,)-250(426;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(daemon)-250(of)-250(Socrates,)-250(438;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(daemon)-250(a)-250(higher)-250(self,)-250(439;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(daemonology)-405(an)-406(attempt)-405(to)-406(bridge)-405(the)-406(gulf)-405(between)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(man)-250(and)-250(the)-250(Infinite)-250(Spirit,)-250(603)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Dea)-250(Dia,)-250(worship)-250(of,)-250(540)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(Delation,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(history)-250(and)-250(causes)-250(of,)-250(35;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3701 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3702 0 R /Resources 3700 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3536 0 R /Annots [ 3665 0 R 3669 0 R 3670 0 R 3671 0 R 3672 0 R 3673 0 R 3674 0 R 3675 0 R 3676 0 R 3677 0 R 3678 0 R 3679 0 R 3680 0 R 3681 0 R 3682 0 R 3683 0 R 3684 0 R 3685 0 R 3686 0 R 3687 0 R 3688 0 R 3689 0 R 3690 0 R 3691 0 R 3692 0 R 3693 0 R 3694 0 R 3695 0 R 3696 0 R 3697 0 R ] >> endobj 3665 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [351.107 515.797 367.47 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg352) >> >> endobj 3669 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [259.874 501.865 271.089 511.694] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg352) >> >> endobj 3670 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [318.347 487.934 334.71 497.806] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg355) >> >> endobj 3671 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [302.321 474.002 318.685 483.875] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg355) >> >> endobj 3672 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [324.139 474.002 340.503 483.875] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg361) >> >> endobj 3673 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [276.532 460.07 292.896 469.943] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg358) >> >> endobj 3674 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [233.54 447 249.903 456.011] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg359) >> >> endobj 3675 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.631 432.207 208.994 442.08] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg359) >> >> endobj 3676 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [237.478 418.286 253.841 427.995] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg362) >> >> endobj 3677 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [242.321 404.344 258.685 414.064] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg363) >> >> endobj 3678 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.692 390.412 235.056 400.132] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg364) >> >> endobj 3679 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [268.678 355.564 285.041 365.284] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg201) >> >> endobj 3680 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [262.612 341.632 278.976 351.505] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 3681 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [169.601 328.563 185.965 337.573] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg568) >> >> endobj 3682 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [336.848 313.769 353.212 323.642] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg594) >> >> endobj 3683 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [315.63 299.837 331.994 309.71] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 3684 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [337.448 299.837 353.812 309.71] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg568) >> >> endobj 3685 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [352.907 271.974 369.27 281.694] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg426) >> >> endobj 3686 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [327.75 258.042 344.114 267.762] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg427) >> >> endobj 3687 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [264.75 244.111 281.114 253.983] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg425) >> >> endobj 3688 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 216.641 153.543 226.35] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg431) >> >> endobj 3689 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [326.561 202.698 342.925 212.418] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg432) >> >> endobj 3690 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.347 188.766 271.71 198.486] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg433) >> >> endobj 3691 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [274.11 174.846 290.474 184.555] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg437) >> >> endobj 3692 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [194.452 160.903 210.816 170.623] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg426) >> >> endobj 3693 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.674 147.833 245.038 156.691] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg438) >> >> endobj 3694 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [233.823 133.04 250.187 142.76] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg439) >> >> endobj 3695 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [257.779 105.57 274.143 115.279] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg603) >> >> endobj 3696 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.278 91.638 225.641 101.5] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg540) >> >> endobj 3697 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.434 63.764 245.343 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg35) >> >> endobj 3703 0 obj << /D [3701 0 R /XYZ 254.43 316.147 null] >> endobj 3700 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3734 0 obj << /Length 2703 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(769)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(delators)-250(of)-250(every)-250(rank,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 100.876 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -112.091 -13.707 Td [(attractions)-250(of,)-250(wealth)-250(gained)-250(by,)-250(36;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Regulus)-250(a)-250(delator,)-250(37,)-250(155;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Silius)-250(Italicus,)-250(164;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(under)-250(Domitian,)-250(35)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Delphi,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(temple)-250(of)-250(Osiris)-250(at,)-250(424;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(love)-250(of,)-250(403,)-250(435;)]TJ -39.993 -13.707 Td [(decay)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(first)-250(century,)-250(434;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(revival)-250(of,)-250(435;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(why)-250(oracles)-250(were)-250(given)-250(in)-250(prose,)-250(436;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(sources)-250(of)-250(its)-250(inspiration,)-250(437;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.807 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(violence)-250(to,)-250(472;)]TJ -25.44 -13.707 Td [(Hadrian)-250(tested,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 68.771 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -90.589 -13.708 Td [(Demetrius,)-250(the)-250(Cynic,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(life)-250(of,)-250(361;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(a)-250(cultivated)-250(ascetic,)-250(362;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(knew)-250(Apollonius)-250(of)-250(Tyana,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 122.105 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -133.32 -13.707 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(the)-250(Empire,)-250(beards)-250(Nero)-250(and)-250(Vespasian,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 224.803 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -246.621 -13.708 Td [(Demonax,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(popular)-250(religion,)-250(363;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(origin,)-250(education,)-250(and)-250(philosophic)-250(tone)-250(of,)-250(364;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(fashion)-250(of)-250(his)-250(life)-250(and)-250(teaching,)-250(365;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(epigrams)-250(and)-250(sarcasms,)-250(365)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(his)-374(personal)-373(magnetism,)-405(and)-373(reverence)-374(for)-374(him)-373(after)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(death,)-250(366)]TJ -21.818 -13.707 Td [(Dendrophori,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(dedications)-250(by,)-250(to)-250(Magna)-250(Mater,)-250(549;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(inscriptions,)-250(551;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(at)-250(Lyons,)-250(557)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Dion)-250(Chrysostom,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(view)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Cynics,)-250(349;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(early)-268(history,)-273(exile,)-273(conversion,)-272(and)-269(preaching)-268(of,)-272(367)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sq.;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3733 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3734 0 R /Resources 3732 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3735 0 R /Annots [ 3698 0 R 3699 0 R 3704 0 R 3705 0 R 3706 0 R 3707 0 R 3708 0 R 3709 0 R 3710 0 R 3711 0 R 3712 0 R 3713 0 R 3714 0 R 3715 0 R 3716 0 R 3717 0 R 3718 0 R 3719 0 R 3720 0 R 3721 0 R 3722 0 R 3723 0 R 3724 0 R 3725 0 R 3726 0 R 3727 0 R 3728 0 R 3729 0 R 3730 0 R ] >> endobj 3698 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [191.284 515.797 202.499 525.626] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg35) >> >> endobj 3699 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [233.109 502.089 244.018 511.809] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg36) >> >> endobj 3704 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.215 488.382 183.124 498.255] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg37) >> >> endobj 3705 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [188.579 488.382 204.942 498.255] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg155) >> >> endobj 3706 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [155.568 475.536 171.931 484.394] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg164) >> >> endobj 3707 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [164.644 461.828 175.553 470.839] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg35) >> >> endobj 3708 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.764 433.562 193.128 443.271] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg424) >> >> endobj 3709 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.426 420.706 189.789 429.717] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg403) >> >> endobj 3710 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [195.244 420.706 211.608 429.717] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg435) >> >> endobj 3711 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.804 406.136 219.168 415.856] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg434) >> >> endobj 3712 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.971 393.291 154.335 402.302] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg435) >> >> endobj 3713 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.731 378.721 253.095 388.441] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg436) >> >> endobj 3714 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.826 365.025 219.189 374.734] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg437) >> >> endobj 3715 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.448 352.168 192.811 361.059] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg472) >> >> endobj 3716 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [159.179 338.46 170.393 347.428] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg472) >> >> endobj 3717 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [122.219 311.045 138.582 319.903] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg361) >> >> endobj 3718 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [178.869 297.338 195.233 306.196] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg362) >> >> endobj 3719 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.513 282.768 223.728 292.597] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg362) >> >> endobj 3720 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [315.211 269.072 326.426 278.89] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg362) >> >> endobj 3721 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.524 241.646 228.887 251.366] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg363) >> >> endobj 3722 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.967 227.938 294.331 237.658] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg364) >> >> endobj 3723 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [230.688 214.23 247.051 224.103] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg365) >> >> endobj 3724 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.444 200.523 212.808 210.396] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg365) >> >> endobj 3725 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [134.95 174.128 151.313 182.986] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg366) >> >> endobj 3726 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.931 145.851 251.295 155.724] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 3727 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.048 132.154 190.411 142.016] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg551) >> >> endobj 3728 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [133.739 118.436 150.102 128.308] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg557) >> >> endobj 3729 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.975 91.021 194.339 100.741] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg349) >> >> endobj 3730 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.038 77.313 327.401 87.033] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg367) >> >> endobj 3732 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3772 0 obj << /Length 2966 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(770)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(orations)-250(of,)-250(368;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(simple)-250(philosophy,)-250(and)-250(view)-250(of)-250(the)-250(time,)-250(369,)-250(370;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(warning)-250(to)-250(Tarsus,)-250(370;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(sermon)-250(at)-250(Olbia,)-250(371)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(picture)-367(of)-367(city)-367(life)-367(in)-367(Asia)-367(Minor,)-396(its)-367(vices)-367(and)-367(jeal-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ousies,)-250(372)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(gospel)-250(of)-250(social)-250(charity,)-250(373;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(scorn)-250(for)-250(the)-250(Alexandrian)-250(character,)-250(374;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-211(prose)-210(idyll)-211(on)-211(virtuous)-210(rural)-211(life)-211(in)-210(Euboea,)-219(375)-210(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(view)-250(of)-250(prostitution)-250(and)-250(slavery,)-250(376;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(ideal)-205(of)-206(monarchy,)-214(parable)-206(of)-205(the)-206(Two)-205(Peaks,)-215(377)-205(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(oration)-250(at)-250(Olympia,)-250(379)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(suggested)-250(by)-250(Olympian)-250(Zeus)-250(of)-250(Pheidias,)-250(380;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Dion)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-371(discussion)-371(on)-371(natural)-371(theology)-371(and)-371(anthropo-)]TJ -25.451 -13.549 Td [(morphism,)-250(381;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(makes)-231(Pheidias)-231(defend)-231(representation)-231(of)-231(the)-231(Infinite)-231(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(human)-250(form,)-250(382;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(Zeus)-250(a)-250(moral)-250(ideal)-250(and)-250(spiritual)-250(power,)-250(383)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Domitian,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(delators)-250(under,)-250(35;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(belief)-250(in)-250(astrology,)-250(45;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(secret)-250(of)-250(his)-250(reign,)-250(52;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(value)-250(of)-250(the)-250(authorities)-250(on,)-250(52)-250(n.;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(good)-250(traits)-250(in)-250(his)-250(character,)-250(53;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-230(encouragement)-231(of)-230(literature)-230(and)-231(political)-230(merit,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 222.746 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -233.96 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(Hellenism,)-250(89;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(a)-250(moral)-250(reformer,)-250(54,)-250(74;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(causes)-250(of)-250(his)-250(unpopularity,)-250(54;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(contradictions)-250(in)-250(his)-250(character,)-250(55;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(replenishes)-250(the)-250(treasury)-250(by)-250(confiscation,)-250(56;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(terror)-250(at)-250(the)-250(end,)-250(56,)-250(57,)-250(450;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(funereal)-250(banquet,)-250(57;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(founds)-250(a)-250(quinquennial)-250(competition)-250(in)-250(literature,)-250(171;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(superstition,)-250(450;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3771 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3772 0 R /Resources 3770 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3735 0 R /Annots [ 3731 0 R 3736 0 R 3737 0 R 3738 0 R 3739 0 R 3740 0 R 3741 0 R 3742 0 R 3743 0 R 3744 0 R 3745 0 R 3746 0 R 3747 0 R 3748 0 R 3749 0 R 3750 0 R 3751 0 R 3752 0 R 3753 0 R 3754 0 R 3755 0 R 3756 0 R 3757 0 R 3758 0 R 3759 0 R 3760 0 R 3761 0 R 3762 0 R 3763 0 R 3764 0 R 3765 0 R 3766 0 R 3767 0 R 3768 0 R ] >> endobj 3731 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.598 516.659 205.961 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg368) >> >> endobj 3736 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [318.085 502.084 334.448 511.804] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg369) >> >> endobj 3737 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [339.903 502.084 356.267 511.804] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg370) >> >> endobj 3738 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.409 488.371 237.772 498.091] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg370) >> >> endobj 3739 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.321 474.669 228.685 484.378] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg371) >> >> endobj 3740 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [169.907 447.407 186.271 457.116] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg372) >> >> endobj 3741 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.132 433.683 260.496 443.403] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg373) >> >> endobj 3742 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [297.118 420.832 313.481 429.691] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg374) >> >> endobj 3743 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [340.053 406.258 356.417 416.13] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg375) >> >> endobj 3744 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [281.409 392.545 297.772 402.265] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg376) >> >> endobj 3745 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [334.655 378.832 351.018 388.552] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg377) >> >> endobj 3746 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.052 365.119 241.416 374.839] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg379) >> >> endobj 3747 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [321.107 351.406 337.47 361.126] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg380) >> >> endobj 3748 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [186.881 324.155 203.245 333.864] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg381) >> >> endobj 3749 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.263 297.744 212.627 306.602] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg382) >> >> endobj 3750 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [325.939 283.18 342.303 292.889] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg383) >> >> endobj 3751 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.74 256.606 215.649 265.616] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg35) >> >> endobj 3752 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [237.478 242.031 248.387 251.904] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg45) >> >> endobj 3753 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.492 228.318 231.401 238.191] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg52) >> >> endobj 3754 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.558 215.467 278.376 224.478] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Note52) >> >> endobj 3755 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.369 200.892 269.278 210.765] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg53) >> >> endobj 3756 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [359.926 187.179 371.14 197.009] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg53) >> >> endobj 3757 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.94 174.328 213.849 183.187] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg89) >> >> endobj 3758 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [216.543 160.616 227.452 169.627] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg54) >> >> endobj 3759 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.907 160.616 243.816 169.627] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg74) >> >> endobj 3760 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.863 146.041 267.772 155.914] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg54) >> >> endobj 3761 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.816 133.19 284.725 142.201] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg55) >> >> endobj 3762 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [315.325 118.615 326.234 128.488] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg56) >> >> endobj 3763 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [227.463 105.764 238.372 114.775] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg56) >> >> endobj 3764 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [243.827 105.764 254.736 114.775] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg57) >> >> endobj 3765 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [260.19 105.764 276.554 114.775] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg450) >> >> endobj 3766 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.096 91.2 242.005 101.062] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg57) >> >> endobj 3767 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [347.768 77.488 364.132 87.197] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg171) >> >> endobj 3768 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.005 63.775 225.369 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg450) >> >> endobj 3770 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3809 0 obj << /Length 2869 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(771)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(a)-250(conservative)-250(in)-250(religion,)-250(536;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(celebrated)-250(the)-250(Quinquatria)-250(of)-250(Minerva,)-250(538;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(victories,)-250(542;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(escaped)-273(from)-272(the)-273(capital)-273(in)-273(the)-272(vestments)-273(of)-273(Isis)-273(in)-272(69)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-250(567;)]TJ -15.978 -13.549 Td [(built)-250(a)-250(temple)-250(to)-250(Isis,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 94.549 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -105.763 -13.549 Td [(first)-250(called)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 49.08 0 Td [(Dominus)-250(et)-250(Deus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 75.141 0 Td [(,)-250(615)]TJ -146.039 -13.549 Td [(Dreams,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(temples)-250(of)-250(healing,)-250(460;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(dream-oracles,)-250(461;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prescriptions)-250(in,)-250(463,)-250(464;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(treatise)-250(of)-250(Artemidorus)-250(on,)-250(467)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(faith)-250(in,)-250(468;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(absurdities,)-250(470;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Pliny)-250(on,)-250(452,)-250(490)]TJ -21.818 -18.458 Td [(Education,)]TJ 21.818 -13.55 Td [(Vespasian)-250(endows,)-250(148;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(influence)-250(of)-250(Quintilian)-250(on,)-250(149;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)-250(helps)-250(to)-250(endow)-250(a)-250(school)-250(at)-250(Como,)-250(193;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(culture)-250(in)-250(Asia)-250(Minor,)-250(372;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(among)-250(freedmen,)-250(131,)-250(134)]TJ -21.818 -13.55 Td [(Empire,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(its)-250(temptations,)-250(31;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-226(influence)-227(of)-226(the)-227(Emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 124.391 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-226(example)-227(illustrated,)-231(31;)]TJ -128.024 -13.549 Td [(how)-250(waste)-250(led)-250(to)-250(cruelty)-250(and)-250(confiscation,)-250(33;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(secret)-250(of)-250(the)-250(imperial)-250(terror,)-250(various)-250(theories,)-250(37;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Empire,)-250(39,)-250(43;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(constant)-250(danger)-250(from)-250(pretenders,)-250(40,)-250(41,)-250(44;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(fiction)-250(of)-250(Augustus,)-250(the)-250(Emperor)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 159.981 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(real)-250(power,)-250(41;)]TJ -163.614 -13.549 Td [(checks)-250(upon)-250(it,)-250(42;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-250(tolerance)-250(of)-250(municipal)-250(liberty,)-250(203)]TJ -21.818 -13.549 Td [(Entellus,)-250(gardens)-250(of,)-250(112)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Epicharis,)-274(freedwoman,)-275(refuses)-269(to)-270(betray)-269(the)-270(Pisonian)-269(con-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(spirators,)-250(47)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3808 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3809 0 R /Resources 3807 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3735 0 R /Annots [ 3769 0 R 3773 0 R 3774 0 R 3775 0 R 3776 0 R 3777 0 R 3778 0 R 3779 0 R 3780 0 R 3781 0 R 3782 0 R 3783 0 R 3784 0 R 3785 0 R 3786 0 R 3787 0 R 3788 0 R 3789 0 R 3790 0 R 3791 0 R 3792 0 R 3793 0 R 3794 0 R 3795 0 R 3796 0 R 3797 0 R 3798 0 R 3799 0 R 3800 0 R 3801 0 R 3802 0 R 3803 0 R 3804 0 R 3805 0 R 3806 0 R ] >> endobj 3769 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.448 515.797 222.811 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg536) >> >> endobj 3773 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [263.088 502.259 279.451 512.12] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg538) >> >> endobj 3774 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [148.891 489.56 165.255 498.571] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg542) >> >> endobj 3775 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [111.84 462.462 128.204 471.473] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg567) >> >> endobj 3776 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.957 448.062 196.171 457.88] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg567) >> >> endobj 3777 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.084 435.364 236.448 444.374] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg615) >> >> endobj 3778 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.673 407.403 204.037 417.123] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg460) >> >> endobj 3779 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [157.651 394.716 174.015 403.574] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg461) >> >> endobj 3780 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [163.433 380.316 179.797 390.025] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg463) >> >> endobj 3781 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [185.251 380.316 201.615 390.025] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg464) >> >> endobj 3782 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [210.691 366.767 227.055 376.476] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg467) >> >> endobj 3783 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [142.531 354.068 158.895 362.927] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg468) >> >> endobj 3784 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.589 340.519 174.953 349.377] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg470) >> >> endobj 3785 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [132.539 326.108 148.902 335.981] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg452) >> >> endobj 3786 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [154.357 326.108 170.72 335.981] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg490) >> >> endobj 3787 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.753 294.111 193.117 303.82] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg148) >> >> endobj 3788 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.88 280.998 225.244 290.271] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg149) >> >> endobj 3789 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [266.469 267.002 282.833 276.722] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg193) >> >> endobj 3790 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.095 254.314 206.458 263.173] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg372) >> >> endobj 3791 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [169.477 239.903 185.84 249.623] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg131) >> >> endobj 3792 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [191.295 239.903 207.659 249.623] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg134) >> >> endobj 3793 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [159.811 212.816 170.72 222.525] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg31) >> >> endobj 3794 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.459 199.267 324.369 209.009] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg31) >> >> endobj 3795 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.04 185.707 287.949 195.427] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg33) >> >> endobj 3796 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [306.113 172.168 317.022 181.877] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg37) >> >> endobj 3797 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [195.844 158.619 206.753 168.328] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg39) >> >> endobj 3798 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.208 158.619 223.117 168.328] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg43) >> >> endobj 3799 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.731 145.059 247.64 154.779] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg40) >> >> endobj 3800 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [253.095 145.059 264.004 154.779] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg41) >> >> endobj 3801 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [269.458 145.059 280.367 154.779] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg44) >> >> endobj 3802 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [312.789 131.51 323.698 141.263] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg41) >> >> endobj 3803 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.884 117.972 169.793 127.681] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg42) >> >> endobj 3804 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.269 104.411 254.633 114.131] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg203) >> >> endobj 3805 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [161 90.862 177.364 100.582] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg112) >> >> endobj 3806 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [111.615 63.775 122.524 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg47) >> >> endobj 3807 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3840 0 obj << /Length 2799 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(772)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Epictetus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(his)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Cynic)-250(philosopher,)-250(359;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(men)-250(the)-250(soldiers)-250(of)-250(God,)-250(393;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(gospel)-250(of)-250(renunciation)-250(in,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 114.229 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.941 0 Td [(n.)-250(5;)]TJ -128.17 -13.702 Td [(on)-250(augury)-250(and)-250(divination,)-250(455;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(early)-250(history)-250(of,)-250(503;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(belief)-250(in)-250(immortality,)-250(504;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(reference)-250(to)-250(female)-250(Platonists,)-250(80;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(preaching)-250(of)-250(gratitude)-250(and)-250(resignation,)-250(393)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Epicurus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(Seneca)-250(quotes,)-250(and)-250(defends)-250(to)-250(Lucilius,)-250(306;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Aelian)-250(anathematises,)-250(456;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(Epicureans)-250(at)-250(Abonoteichos)-250(oppose)-250(Alexander,)-250(476;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(orders)-250(banquets)-250(to)-250(his)-250(shade,)-250(456;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(influence)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(last)-250(age)-250(of)-250(Republic,)-250(530)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Epidaurus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(temple)-250(of)-250(Asclepius)-250(at,)-250(462,)-250(539;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(social)-250(life)-250(of)-250(the)-250(patients,)-250(463)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Equites,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(in)-250(provincial)-250(towns,)-250(215;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(freedmen)-250(raised)-250(to)-250(the)-250(rank)-250(of,)-250(113;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(contempt)-250(for,)-250(70;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -153.352 0 Td [([631])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 116.392 -13.703 Td [(general)-250(low)-250(estimate)-250(of,)-250(113;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(displace)-250(freedmen)-250(as)-250(imperial)-250(secretaries,)-250(107;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(employment)-255(by)-254(Vitellius,)-256(Domitian,)-256(Hadrian,)-256(and)-254(An-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(toninus)-250(Pius,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 59.105 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -80.923 -13.703 Td [(Espionage,)]TJ 21.818 -13.702 Td [(under)-250(the)-250(Empire,)-250(34;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(under)-250(Domitian,)-250(56)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Euboea,)-250(D.)-250(Chrysostom)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 104.236 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(description)-250(of)-250(rural)-250(life)-250(in,)-250(375)]TJ -107.869 -13.703 Td [(Euhemerus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(translated)-250(by)-250(Ennius,)-250(530;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(Plutarch)-250(on,)-250(425)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Euphrates,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3839 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3840 0 R /Resources 3838 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3735 0 R /Annots [ 3810 0 R 3811 0 R 3812 0 R 3813 0 R 3814 0 R 3815 0 R 3816 0 R 3817 0 R 3818 0 R 3819 0 R 3820 0 R 3821 0 R 3822 0 R 3823 0 R 3824 0 R 3825 0 R 3826 0 R 3827 0 R 3828 0 R 3829 0 R 3830 0 R 3831 0 R 3832 0 R 3833 0 R 3834 0 R 3835 0 R 3836 0 R ] >> endobj 3810 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [290.201 502.094 306.565 511.967] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg359) >> >> endobj 3811 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.47 489.254 263.834 498.112] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg393) >> >> endobj 3812 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.409 474.689 281.714 484.562] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Note393-5) >> >> endobj 3813 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [252.019 460.986 268.383 470.859] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg455) >> >> endobj 3814 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.289 447.284 225.652 457.157] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg503) >> >> endobj 3815 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [279.608 433.581 295.972 443.454] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg504) >> >> endobj 3816 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.994 420.74 282.903 429.599] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 3817 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.659 406.176 325.023 415.896] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg393) >> >> endobj 3818 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [312.303 378.782 328.667 388.491] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg306) >> >> endobj 3819 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [235.645 365.93 252.009 374.941] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg456) >> >> endobj 3820 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [346.83 351.376 363.194 361.085] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg476) >> >> endobj 3821 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [265.645 337.674 282.009 347.536] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg456) >> >> endobj 3822 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [298.667 323.96 315.03 333.833] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg530) >> >> endobj 3823 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [240.5 296.566 256.863 306.428] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg462) >> >> endobj 3824 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [262.318 296.566 278.681 306.428] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg539) >> >> endobj 3825 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [249.892 282.863 266.256 292.572] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg463) >> >> endobj 3826 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.874 255.458 243.238 265.32] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg215) >> >> endobj 3827 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.805 242.606 290.169 251.464] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg113) >> >> endobj 3828 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [242.616 228.053 253.525 237.795] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg70) >> >> endobj 3829 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.732 214.339 261.096 224.059] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg113) >> >> endobj 3830 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [321.969 200.648 338.332 210.357] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg107) >> >> endobj 3831 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.285 174.247 207.5 183.214] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg107) >> >> endobj 3832 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.376 145.99 229.285 155.7] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg34) >> >> endobj 3833 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.416 133.139 222.325 142.15] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg56) >> >> endobj 3834 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [347.757 118.574 364.121 128.447] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg375) >> >> endobj 3835 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.718 91.169 248.081 101.042] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg530) >> >> endobj 3836 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.631 78.328 208.994 87.339] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg425) >> >> endobj 3841 0 obj << /D [3839 0 R /XYZ 181.111 230.42 null] >> endobj 3838 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3879 0 obj << /Length 2653 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(773)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(sketch)-250(of,)-250(151;)]TJ -26.672 -13.932 Td [(suicide)-250(of,)-250(356)]TJ -21.818 -13.931 Td [(Evil,)-250(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 60 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(theory)-250(of,)-250(430)]TJ -63.632 -13.932 Td [(Extravagance,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(of)-250(Nero,)-250(20,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(of)-250(Domitian,)-250(55,)-250(56;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(of)-250(Vitellius,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(of)-250(Caligula,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(under)-250(the)-250(Republic,)-250(67)]TJ -21.818 -20.916 Td [(Fannia,)-230(widow)-225(of)-226(Helvidius)-225(Priscus,)-230(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.305 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-225(admiration)-225(for,)]TJ -186.938 -13.55 Td [(152)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(Finance,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(profusion)-250(of)-250(Caligula,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(straits)-250(of)-250(Domitian,)-250(56;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(economy)-250(of)-250(Vespasian,)-250(32,)-250(148;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(Nero)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.807 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(waste)-250(and)-250(plunder,)-250(20)-250(sq.;)]TJ -25.44 -13.932 Td [(Nerva)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.651 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(retrenchment,)-250(32;)]TJ -30.284 -13.931 Td [(waste)-250(of)-250(Vitellius,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(finance)-250(of)-250(provincial)-250(towns,)-250(220,)-250(248)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Fortuna)-250(Augusti,)-250(618)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(Freedmen,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(their)-250(rise)-250(a)-250(great)-250(movement,)-250(100;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(prejudice)-250(against,)-250(101)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(why)-250(it)-250(was)-250(natural,)-250(103;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(contempt)-250(of)-250(literary)-250(men)-250(for)-250(vulgar)-250(wealth,)-250(104;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(yet)-379(the)-379(rise)-380(of)-379(the)-379(freedmen)-379(a)-379(promising)-379(movement,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(105;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(rise)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(imperial)-250(household,)-250(106;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(become)-250(great)-250(ministers,)-250(107;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(replaced)-250(gradually)-250(by)-250(Equites,)-250(107;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(early)-250(freedmen)-250(ministers)-250(worthy)-250(of)-250(their)-250(place,)-250(108;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(career)-247(of)-247(Claudius)-246(Etruscus)-247(and)-247(Abascantus,)-248(109)-246(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(of)-250(Narcissus)-250(and)-250(Pallas,)-250(110,)-250(111;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3878 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3879 0 R /Resources 3877 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3735 0 R /Annots [ 3837 0 R 3842 0 R 3843 0 R 3844 0 R 3845 0 R 3846 0 R 3847 0 R 3848 0 R 3849 0 R 3850 0 R 3851 0 R 3852 0 R 3853 0 R 3854 0 R 3855 0 R 3856 0 R 3857 0 R 3858 0 R 3859 0 R 3860 0 R 3861 0 R 3862 0 R 3863 0 R 3864 0 R 3865 0 R 3866 0 R 3867 0 R 3868 0 R 3869 0 R 3870 0 R 3871 0 R 3872 0 R 3873 0 R ] >> endobj 3837 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [169.193 515.797 185.557 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg151) >> >> endobj 3842 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [138.582 502.727 154.946 511.738] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg356) >> >> endobj 3843 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.335 487.934 200.698 497.686] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg430) >> >> endobj 3844 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [129.484 460.932 140.393 469.79] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg20) >> >> endobj 3845 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.848 460.932 156.757 469.79] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 3846 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [148.891 447 159.8 456.011] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg55) >> >> endobj 3847 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [165.255 447 176.164 456.011] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg56) >> >> endobj 3848 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.259 433.069 156.168 441.927] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 3849 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [144.648 418.275 155.557 427.995] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 3850 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [178.88 404.354 189.789 414.064] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg67) >> >> endobj 3851 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 372.115 84.953 379.751] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg152) >> >> endobj 3852 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.189 342.015 200.098 351.735] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 3853 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.68 328.945 188.589 337.956] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg56) >> >> endobj 3854 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [195.233 314.152 206.142 323.871] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 3855 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.597 314.152 227.96 323.871] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg148) >> >> endobj 3856 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.648 300.231 218.557 309.973] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg20) >> >> endobj 3857 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.673 287.15 201.582 296.041] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 3858 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.826 273.218 183.735 282.076] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 3859 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [215.535 258.436 231.898 268.145] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg220) >> >> endobj 3860 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [237.353 258.436 253.717 268.145] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg248) >> >> endobj 3861 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.259 244.493 161.622 254.213] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg618) >> >> endobj 3862 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [215.229 216.63 231.593 226.35] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg100) >> >> endobj 3863 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [170.088 202.698 186.451 212.418] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg101) >> >> endobj 3864 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.153 188.766 192.517 198.486] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg103) >> >> endobj 3865 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [281.884 174.835 298.247 184.555] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg104) >> >> endobj 3866 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 148.216 106.771 157.227] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg105) >> >> endobj 3867 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [240.091 133.433 256.455 143.142] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg106) >> >> endobj 3868 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [197.055 119.491 213.419 129.211] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg107) >> >> endobj 3869 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.833 105.559 242.197 115.279] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg107) >> >> endobj 3870 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [298.237 91.627 314.6 101.347] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg108) >> >> endobj 3871 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [287.432 77.706 303.796 87.416] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg109) >> >> endobj 3872 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [197.36 64.626 213.724 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg110) >> >> endobj 3873 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [219.178 64.626 235.542 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg111) >> >> endobj 3877 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3910 0 obj << /Length 2944 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(774)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(how)-250(their)-250(wealth)-250(was)-250(gained,)-250(112,)-250(129;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(their)-250(politic)-250(splendour,)-250(112;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(romantic)-250(career)-250(of)-250(a)-250(freedman,)-250(113;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(yet)-250(freedmen)-250(despised)-250(and)-250(ostracised,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 167.836 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -179.05 -13.955 Td [(sometimes)-250(made)-250(great)-250(marriages,)-250(114;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(doubtful)-250(position)-250(of)-250(women)-250(of)-250(this)-250(class,)-250(114;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(yet)-250(some)-250(had)-250(great)-250(influence,)-250(115;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(Panthea,)-366(mistress)-343(of)-342(L.)-343(Verus,)-366(picture)-343(of,)-366(by)-342(Lucian,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -11.214 -13.956 Td [(lower)-250(freedmen)-250(in)-250(the)-250(imperial)-250(service,)-250(116;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(transition)-190(from)-190(slavery)-189(to)-190(freedom,)-202(how)-190(freedmen)-189(rose,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(118-120;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(grossness)-358(and)-358(ostentation)-358(of)-358(their)-358(wealthy)-358(cl)1(ass,)-385(129)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sqq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.956 Td [(Freedom)-250(and)-250(Necessity,)]TJ 21.818 -13.955 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(views)-250(of,)-250(412;)]TJ -39.992 -13.956 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.894 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s,)-250(311)]TJ -56.345 -21.036 Td [(Gaius,)-250(on)-250(the)-250(law)-250(of)-250(Colleges,)-250(254)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(Galen,)]TJ 21.818 -13.956 Td [(early)-250(history)-250(and)-250(training)-250(of,)-250(505;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(eclecticism)-250(of,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 66.349 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -77.563 -13.956 Td [(views)-250(of)-250(immortality,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 96.97 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -108.185 -13.955 Td [(relations)-250(with)-250(M.)-250(Aurelius,)-250(506)]TJ -21.818 -13.956 Td [(Genii,)]TJ 21.818 -13.956 Td [(invented)-422(for)-421(every)-422(corporation)-422(and)-421(scene)-422(in)-421(Roman)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(life,)-250(386;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(tales)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Britain)-250(and)-250(on)-250(the)-250(Indian)-250(Ocean,)-250(420,)-250(426;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(wide-spread)-250(cult)-250(of,)-250(479)-250(sq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.956 Td [(Gladiators,)]TJ 21.818 -13.955 Td [(municipal)-250(shows)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Petronius,)-250(134;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(Trajan)-250(provides)-250(10,000)-250(on)-250(his)-250(Dacian)-250(triumph,)-250(234;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(protests)-250(against,)-250(by)-250(Seneca)-250(and)-250(Demonax,)-250(235;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(schools)-250(of,)-250(236,)-250(241;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3909 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3910 0 R /Resources 3908 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3735 0 R /Annots [ 3874 0 R 3875 0 R 3876 0 R 3880 0 R 3881 0 R 3882 0 R 3883 0 R 3884 0 R 3885 0 R 3886 0 R 3887 0 R 3888 0 R 3889 0 R 3890 0 R 3891 0 R 3892 0 R 3893 0 R 3894 0 R 3895 0 R 3896 0 R 3897 0 R 3898 0 R 3899 0 R 3900 0 R 3901 0 R 3902 0 R 3903 0 R 3904 0 R 3905 0 R ] >> endobj 3874 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [267.456 515.797 283.819 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg112) >> >> endobj 3875 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [289.274 515.797 305.638 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg129) >> >> endobj 3876 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.994 501.852 255.358 511.561] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg112) >> >> endobj 3880 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [274.089 488.748 290.452 497.606] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg113) >> >> endobj 3881 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [305.016 473.93 316.23 483.759] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg113) >> >> endobj 3882 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [285.936 459.975 302.299 469.695] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg114) >> >> endobj 3883 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [318.39 446.03 334.754 455.739] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg114) >> >> endobj 3884 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [268.056 432.063 284.419 441.936] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg115) >> >> endobj 3885 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 405.42 148.394 414.388] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg115) >> >> endobj 3886 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.376 390.614 327.739 400.323] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg116) >> >> endobj 3887 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 363.96 153.543 372.818] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg118) >> >> endobj 3888 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [157.176 363.96 173.54 372.818] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg120) >> >> endobj 3889 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [357.81 349.143 374.173 358.863] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg129) >> >> endobj 3890 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.863 308.544 243.227 317.435] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg412) >> >> endobj 3891 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [181.405 294.589 197.769 303.48] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg311) >> >> endobj 3892 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [249.892 272.691 266.256 282.564] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg254) >> >> endobj 3893 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [264.434 244.78 280.798 254.653] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg505) >> >> endobj 3894 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [203.529 231.686 214.743 240.653] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg505) >> >> endobj 3895 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.15 216.869 245.365 226.698] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg505) >> >> endobj 3896 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [257.779 203.775 274.143 212.786] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg506) >> >> endobj 3897 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [157.176 162.315 173.54 171.173] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg386) >> >> endobj 3898 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [330.783 148.359 347.147 157.217] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg420) >> >> endobj 3899 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [352.601 148.359 368.965 157.217] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg426) >> >> endobj 3900 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.852 133.553 243.216 143.262] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg479) >> >> endobj 3901 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [285.968 105.642 302.332 115.351] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg134) >> >> endobj 3902 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [344.125 91.675 360.488 101.395] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg234) >> >> endobj 3903 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [323.812 77.719 340.176 87.592] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg235) >> >> endobj 3904 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.176 64.626 203.54 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg236) >> >> endobj 3905 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.994 64.626 225.358 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg241) >> >> endobj 3908 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3944 0 obj << /Length 2867 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(775)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(shows)-250(began)-250(in)-250(Campania,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 119.683 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -130.898 -13.921 Td [(school)-250(of,)-250(at)-250(Pompeii,)-250(237;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(notices)-250(in)-250(the)-250(inscriptions,)-250(238;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(enthusiasm)-250(for,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 69.992 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -81.207 -13.921 Td [(shows)-250(in)-250(remote)-250(places,)-250(239;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(after)-250(battle)-250(of)-250(Bedriacum,)-250(240;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(less)-250(popular)-250(in)-250(Greece,)-250(except)-250(at)-250(Corinth,)-250(241;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(various)-250(cost)-250(of,)-250(241;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(classes)-495(who)-496(furnished)-495(gladiators,)-557(attractions)-495(of)-495(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profession,)-250(242)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(organisation)-250(of)-250(a)-250(school;)-250(a)-250(college)-250(of)-250(gladiators,)-250(243)]TJ -21.818 -13.921 Td [(God,)]TJ 21.818 -13.92 Td [(new)-250(conceptions)-250(of,)-250(5;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(in)-250(Seneca,)-250(305;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(God)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Stoics,)-250(varying)-250(conceptions)-250(of,)-250(307;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(demand)-250(for)-250(a)-250(moral)-250(God,)-250(389;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(Stoicism)-250(fades)-250(into)-250(Platonism,)-250(391;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(the)-250(Stoic)-250(god)-250(has)-250(no)-250(claim)-250(to)-250(worship,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 169.996 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -181.21 -13.921 Td [(vague)-250(higher)-250(conceptions)-250(of,)-250(396,)-250(603;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(a)-250(transcendent)-250(Deity,)-250(397;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(highest)-250(idea)-250(of,)-250(418;)]TJ -39.993 -13.921 Td [(man)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.785 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-243(relation)-244(to,)-244(according)-244(to)-243(Maximus)-243(of)-244(Tyre,)-244(421;)]TJ -22.418 -13.921 Td [(relation)-250(of,)-250(to)-250(daemons,)-250(425)-250(sqq.)]TJ -21.818 -20.861 Td [(Hadrian,)]TJ 21.818 -13.921 Td [(letter)-250(of,)-250(to)-250(Servianus,)-250(397;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(tests)-250(the)-250(omniscience)-250(of)-250(Delphi,)-250(435;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(dabbled)-250(in)-250(astrology,)-250(and)-250(other)-250(dark)-250(arts,)-250(450,)-250(503;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(his)-250(love)-250(of)-250(travel,)-250(503;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(his)-250(faint)-250(belief)-250(in)-250(immortality,)-250(503;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(a)-250(sceptic,)-250(536;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(the)-250(Canopus)-250(of,)-250(at)-250(his)-250(villa)-250(at)-250(Tibur,)-250(567;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(conspiracy)-250(against,)-250(41;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(character)-250(of,)-250(503)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3943 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3944 0 R /Resources 3942 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3945 0 R /Annots [ 3906 0 R 3907 0 R 3911 0 R 3912 0 R 3913 0 R 3914 0 R 3915 0 R 3916 0 R 3917 0 R 3918 0 R 3919 0 R 3920 0 R 3921 0 R 3922 0 R 3923 0 R 3924 0 R 3925 0 R 3926 0 R 3927 0 R 3928 0 R 3929 0 R 3930 0 R 3931 0 R 3932 0 R 3933 0 R 3934 0 R 3935 0 R 3936 0 R 3937 0 R 3938 0 R 3939 0 R 3940 0 R ] >> endobj 3906 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [210.091 515.797 221.306 525.626] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg241) >> >> endobj 3907 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [188.589 501.887 204.953 511.596] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg237) >> >> endobj 3911 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.68 487.966 224.044 497.675] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg238) >> >> endobj 3912 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [160.4 474.897 171.615 483.864] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg238) >> >> endobj 3913 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [197.36 460.125 213.724 469.834] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg239) >> >> endobj 3914 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.226 447.055 221.589 455.913] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg240) >> >> endobj 3915 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.702 432.283 290.066 441.992] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg241) >> >> endobj 3916 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [160.095 419.214 176.459 428.072] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg241) >> >> endobj 3917 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [141.31 390.893 157.673 400.602] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg242) >> >> endobj 3918 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [302.796 376.961 319.16 386.681] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg243) >> >> endobj 3919 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [180.691 349.13 186.146 358.992] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg5) >> >> endobj 3920 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.971 336.061 154.335 345.071] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg305) >> >> endobj 3921 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.357 321.278 293.72 330.998] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg307) >> >> endobj 3922 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [203.109 308.219 219.473 317.077] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg389) >> >> endobj 3923 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.877 294.298 242.24 303.157] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg391) >> >> endobj 3924 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [260.404 279.516 271.618 289.345] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg391) >> >> endobj 3925 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [219.168 265.595 235.531 275.315] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg396) >> >> endobj 3926 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [240.986 265.595 257.349 275.315] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg603) >> >> endobj 3927 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [185.535 251.674 201.899 261.394] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg397) >> >> endobj 3928 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.058 237.754 223.422 247.506] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg418) >> >> endobj 3929 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.005 223.833 324.369 233.586] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg421) >> >> endobj 3930 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.455 209.923 212.818 219.785] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg425) >> >> endobj 3931 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.789 175.992 206.153 184.85] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg397) >> >> endobj 3932 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.815 161.22 249.178 171.082] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg435) >> >> endobj 3933 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.891 147.288 288.255 157.161] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg450) >> >> endobj 3934 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [293.709 147.288 310.073 157.161] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg503) >> >> endobj 3935 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [169.488 134.229 185.851 143.24] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg503) >> >> endobj 3936 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.349 119.447 240.713 129.32] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg503) >> >> endobj 3937 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [133.728 105.537 150.091 115.399] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg536) >> >> endobj 3938 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [250.4 91.616 266.764 101.478] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg567) >> >> endobj 3939 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.753 77.685 187.662 87.405] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg41) >> >> endobj 3940 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [147.648 64.626 164.011 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg503) >> >> endobj 3942 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 3975 0 obj << /Length 2640 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(776)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Hellenism,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(various)-290(aspects)-290(of,)-300(reaction)-290(against,)-300(from)-290(the)-289(times)-290(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(elder)-250(Cato,)-250(88;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Hellenism)-250(of)-250(early)-250(Emperors,)-250(88,)-250(89;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Roman)-250(prejudice)-250(against)-250(Greeks,)-250(90;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(why)-250(Greeks)-250(succeeded)-250(under)-250(the)-250(Empire,)-250(91;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Greek)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 29.378 0 Td [(grammatici)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 50.302 0 Td [(,)-250(91;)]TJ -79.68 -13.713 Td [(Greeks)-250(as)-250(doctors,)-250(92;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Greek)-250(parasites,)-250(93;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(love)-250(of)-250(Greek)-250(in)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.96 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(days,)-250(166)-250(sq.)]TJ -122.41 -13.713 Td [(Helvidius)-250(Priscus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(violence)-250(of,)-250(40;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(flouts)-250(Vespasian,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 77.869 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -99.687 -13.713 Td [(Herculaneum,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(temple)-250(of)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-250(at,)-250(548;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(frescoes)-250(of,)-250(illustrating)-250(the)-250(worship)-250(of)-250(Isis,)-250(578)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Herodes)-250(Atticus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(gifts)-250(of,)-250(to)-250(many)-250(communities,)-250(225)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(friend)-250(of)-250(Demonax)-250(and)-250(Plutarch,)-250(364,)-250(403;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(uses)-250(of)-250(wealth,)-250(232;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(claimed)-250(descent)-250(from)-250(the)-250(Aeacidae,)-250(225)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Herodotus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(identifies)-250(Greek)-250(and)-250(Egyptian)-250(deities,)-250(561;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(Mithra,)-250(589)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Hesiod,)-250(on)-250(daemons,)-250(427)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(Holconii,)-269(the,)-268(of)-265(Pompeii,)-269(public)-265(honours)-264(and)-265(benefactions)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of,)-250(223)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -94.574 0 Td [([632])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 94.574 -13.712 Td [(Horace,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(love)-235(of)-234(the)-235(country,)-238(and)-235(memories)-234(of)-235(Mount)-235(Vultur)-234(in,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(196,)-250(198;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(journey)-250(to)-250(Brundisium,)-250(206;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(on)-250(beneficence,)-250(190)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Hortensius,)-250(Q.,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(luxury)-250(of,)-250(71;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 3974 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 3975 0 R /Resources 3973 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3945 0 R /Annots [ 3941 0 R 3946 0 R 3947 0 R 3948 0 R 3949 0 R 3950 0 R 3951 0 R 3952 0 R 3953 0 R 3954 0 R 3955 0 R 3956 0 R 3957 0 R 3958 0 R 3959 0 R 3960 0 R 3961 0 R 3962 0 R 3963 0 R 3964 0 R 3965 0 R 3966 0 R 3967 0 R 3968 0 R 3969 0 R 3970 0 R 3971 0 R ] >> endobj 3941 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [203.834 489.397 214.743 498.255] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg88) >> >> endobj 3946 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [268.972 474.822 279.881 484.542] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg88) >> >> endobj 3947 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [285.336 474.822 296.245 484.542] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg89) >> >> endobj 3948 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [284.725 461.109 295.634 470.829] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg90) >> >> endobj 3949 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [321.063 447.396 331.972 457.116] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg91) >> >> endobj 3950 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.314 433.803 233.223 443.403] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg91) >> >> endobj 3951 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.187 420.832 231.096 429.691] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg92) >> >> endobj 3952 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [210.183 406.269 221.092 415.978] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg93) >> >> endobj 3953 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [270.194 392.545 286.558 402.298] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg166) >> >> endobj 3954 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [191.409 365.981 202.318 374.839] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg40) >> >> endobj 3955 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [215.049 351.417 226.263 361.235] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg40) >> >> endobj 3956 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.547 323.981 272.91 333.853] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg548) >> >> endobj 3957 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [326.55 310.268 342.914 320.141] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg578) >> >> endobj 3958 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.849 282.842 290.212 292.715] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg225) >> >> endobj 3959 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [283.209 269.991 299.572 278.849] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg364) >> >> endobj 3960 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [305.027 269.991 321.39 278.849] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg403) >> >> endobj 3961 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.74 256.278 251.103 265.136] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg232) >> >> endobj 3962 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [295.918 242.565 312.281 251.576] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg225) >> >> endobj 3963 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [304.427 214.278 320.79 224.151] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg561) >> >> endobj 3964 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [185.965 201.427 202.329 210.438] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg589) >> >> endobj 3965 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.594 187.714 225.958 196.572] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg427) >> >> endobj 3966 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [129.903 160.452 146.267 169.31] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg223) >> >> endobj 3967 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 119.477 153.543 128.335] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg196) >> >> endobj 3968 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.998 119.477 175.361 128.335] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg198) >> >> endobj 3969 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [241.427 104.902 257.79 114.622] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 3970 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.361 92.051 224.725 100.91] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg190) >> >> endobj 3971 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.932 63.764 193.841 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg71) >> >> endobj 3976 0 obj << /D [3974 0 R /XYZ 93.543 160.452 null] >> endobj 3973 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4011 0 obj << /Length 3000 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(777)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(poverty)-250(of)-250(his)-250(descendants,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 121.494 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -143.312 -20.861 Td [(Icelus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.921 Td [(raised)-250(to)-250(rank)-250(by)-250(Galba,)-250(107;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(journey)-250(of,)-250(to)-250(Spain,)-250(206)]TJ -21.818 -13.921 Td [(Immortality,)]TJ 21.818 -13.92 Td [(ideas)-250(of,)-250(depend)-250(on)-250(ideas)-250(of)-250(God,)-250(484;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.921 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(We)-250(know)-250(not)-250(what)-250(we)-250(shall)-250(be,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 137.247 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(485;)]TJ -149.661 -13.921 Td [(faith)-250(in)-250(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 49.996 0 Td [(Manes)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(,)-250(486;)]TJ -79.08 -13.921 Td [(evidence)-250(of)-250(epitaphs)-250(on,)-250(487)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(Lemures,)-250(488)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 16.058 0 Td [(Mundus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.149 0 Td [(,)-250(489;)]TJ -51.207 -13.921 Td [(mingled)-250(elements)-250(in)-250(Virgil)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 117.272 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(Inferno,)-250(491)-250(sqq.;)]TJ -120.905 -13.921 Td [(Roman)-250(longing)-250(for)-250(posthumous)-250(sympathy,)-250(488;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(Orphic)-250(and)-250(Pythagorean)-250(influences)-250(on)-250(Virgil,)-250(494;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(evidence)-250(of)-250(inscriptions)-250(on)-250(belief)-250(in,)-250(496)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(Epicurean)-250(negation)-250(of,)-250(498)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(philosophic)-250(opinion)-250(on,)-250(449)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(Lucretius)-250(and)-250(Julius)-250(Caesar)-250(on,)-250(500,)-250(501;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(attitude)-250(of)-250(Epictetus,)-250(504;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(Galen)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.051 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(ideas)-250(of,)-250(505)-250(sq.;)]TJ -29.683 -13.921 Td [(M.)-250(Aurelius)-250(on,)-250(507)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(Seneca)-250(on,)-250(514)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(Apollonius)-250(of)-250(Tyana)-250(on,)-250(518)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(Plutarch)-250(on,)-250(521)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(Platonic)-254(imagery)-254(of)-254(the)-254(future)-254(world,)-255(and)-254(its)-254(influence)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on)-250(Plutarch,)-250(523)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(belief)-250(in,)-250(fostered)-250(by)-250(Isiac)-250(worship,)-250(575,)-250(583;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(and)-250(by)-250(Mithraism,)-250(609)]TJ -21.818 -13.921 Td [(Inns,)-250(poor)-250(and)-250(disreputable,)-250(207)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(Isis,)]TJ 21.818 -13.921 Td [(prescriptions)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(dreams,)-250(461;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(transformation)-250(of)-250(her)-250(worship)-250(by)-250(the)-250(Ptolemies,)-250(560;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(at)-250(the)-250(Peiraeus,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 69.076 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4010 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4011 0 R /Resources 4009 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3945 0 R /Annots [ 3972 0 R 3977 0 R 3978 0 R 3979 0 R 3980 0 R 3981 0 R 3982 0 R 3983 0 R 3984 0 R 3985 0 R 3986 0 R 3987 0 R 3988 0 R 3989 0 R 3990 0 R 3991 0 R 3992 0 R 3993 0 R 3994 0 R 3995 0 R 3996 0 R 3997 0 R 3998 0 R 3999 0 R 4000 0 R 4001 0 R 4002 0 R 4003 0 R 4004 0 R 4005 0 R 4006 0 R ] >> endobj 3972 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.902 515.797 223.117 525.626] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg71) >> >> endobj 3977 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [197.655 481.015 214.019 490.735] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg107) >> >> endobj 3978 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.524 467.094 198.888 476.814] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 3979 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [239.164 439.263 255.528 448.972] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg484) >> >> endobj 3980 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [240.069 426.194 256.433 435.204] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg485) >> >> endobj 3981 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.942 412.273 191.306 421.131] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg486) >> >> endobj 3982 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.171 397.501 215.535 407.21] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg487) >> >> endobj 3983 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [134.033 383.58 150.397 393.289] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg488) >> >> endobj 3984 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [147.07 370.511 163.433 379.478] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg489) >> >> endobj 3985 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.844 355.728 272.207 365.481] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg491) >> >> endobj 3986 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [279.506 341.807 295.869 351.527] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg488) >> >> endobj 3987 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.887 327.886 308.251 337.606] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg494) >> >> endobj 3988 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [252.506 313.977 268.869 323.686] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg496) >> >> endobj 3989 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.2 300.045 208.564 309.765] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg498) >> >> endobj 3990 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.477 286.135 212.84 295.844] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg449) >> >> endobj 3991 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.782 273.065 246.146 282.076] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg500) >> >> endobj 3992 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.6 273.065 267.964 282.076] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg501) >> >> endobj 3993 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [183.735 258.294 200.098 268.155] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg504) >> >> endobj 3994 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [166.75 244.373 183.113 254.235] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg505) >> >> endobj 3995 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [162.222 230.452 178.586 240.314] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg507) >> >> endobj 3996 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [140.393 216.531 156.757 226.393] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg514) >> >> endobj 3997 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.793 202.6 216.157 212.472] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg518) >> >> endobj 3998 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.859 188.69 162.222 198.552] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg521) >> >> endobj 3999 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.859 161.22 162.222 171.082] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg523) >> >> endobj 4000 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.346 147.288 263.709 157.161] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg575) >> >> endobj 4001 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [269.164 147.288 285.527 157.161] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg583) >> >> endobj 4002 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.437 133.368 189.8 143.088] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg609) >> >> endobj 4003 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.811 119.458 209.175 129.167] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg207) >> >> endobj 4004 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.208 91.616 228.571 101.325] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg461) >> >> endobj 4005 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [301.902 77.685 318.266 87.557] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg560) >> >> endobj 4006 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [159.484 64.626 170.699 73.593] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg560) >> >> endobj 4009 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4040 0 obj << /Length 2992 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(778)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(influence)-463(of)-463(Greek)-463(settlers)-463(in)-463(Egypt,)-516(and)-463(of)-463(Greek)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(mysticism,)-250(561,)-250(563)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(lofty)-250(conception)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Apuleius,)-250(563;)]TJ 0 -13.982 Td [(date)-250(of)-250(her)-250(introduction)-250(in)-250(Italy,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 142.101 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -153.316 -13.983 Td [(power)-250(over)-250(women,)-250(565;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(repeated)-269(persecution)-269(of)-269(her)-269(worshippers,)-274(first)-269(century,)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-250(565;)]TJ -15.074 -13.983 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(reign)-250(of)-250(Tiberius,)-250(566;)]TJ 0 -13.982 Td [(favoured)-250(by)-250(Otho)-250(and)-250(the)-250(Flavians,)-250(567;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(Domitian)-362(builds)-362(a)-363(temple)-362(to,)-390(in)-362(92)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 161 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-390(classes)-362(who)]TJ -176.978 -13.549 Td [(propagated)-250(the)-250(worship)-250(of,)-250(567)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(spread)-250(through)-250(all)-250(Western)-250(Europe,)-250(568)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(secret)-250(of)-250(her)-250(fascination,)-250(569;)]TJ 0 -13.982 Td [(highest)-250(conception)-250(of,)-250(572;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(a)-250(real)-250(spiritual)-250(power,)-250(574;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(gives)-250(the)-250(hope)-250(of)-250(immortality,)-250(575;)]TJ 0 -13.982 Td [(impressive)-250(ritual)-250(of,)-250(576;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(daily)-250(offices,)-250(577)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(her)-250(rites)-250(in)-250(frescoes)-250(of)-250(Herculaneum,)-250(578;)]TJ 0 -13.982 Td [(great)-194(festivals)-194(of,)-205(the)-194(procession)-194(to)-194(the)-194(shore)-193(described,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(578)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(her)-250(priesthood,)-250(including)-250(women,)-250(580,)-250(582;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(sacred)-250(guilds,)-250(Isiaci,)-250(Pastophori,)-250(etc.,)-250(581;)]TJ 0 -13.982 Td [(syncretism)-250(of)-250(her)-250(worship,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 119.072 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -130.287 -13.983 Td [(her)-270(priesthood)-269(a)-270(separate)-270(caste,)-274(their)-270(presbyteries,)-274(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ascetic)-250(life,)-250(582)]TJ -21.818 -21.171 Td [(Jerome,)-250(S.,)]TJ 21.818 -13.983 Td [(account)-414(of)-413(the)-414(grades)-414(of)-413(initiation)-414(in)-414(Mithraism)-413(by,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(611;)]TJ 0 -13.983 Td [(genealogies)-250(in,)-250(70)]TJ -21.818 -13.983 Td [(Jews,)]TJ 21.818 -13.982 Td [(growing)-250(influence)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(first)-250(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 179.967 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(;)]TJ -195.945 -13.983 Td [(especially)-250(under)-250(the)-250(Flavian)-250(dynasty,)-250(83;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4039 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4040 0 R /Resources 4038 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3945 0 R /Annots [ 4007 0 R 4008 0 R 4012 0 R 4013 0 R 4014 0 R 4015 0 R 4016 0 R 4017 0 R 4018 0 R 4019 0 R 4020 0 R 4021 0 R 4022 0 R 4023 0 R 4024 0 R 4025 0 R 4026 0 R 4027 0 R 4028 0 R 4029 0 R 4030 0 R 4031 0 R 4032 0 R 4033 0 R 4034 0 R 4035 0 R ] >> endobj 4007 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.492 502.248 203.856 512.12] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg561) >> >> endobj 4008 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.31 502.248 225.674 512.12] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg563) >> >> endobj 4012 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [281.714 488.265 298.078 498.138] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg563) >> >> endobj 4013 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [279.281 474.282 290.496 484.111] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg563) >> >> endobj 4014 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.852 460.311 243.216 470.172] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg565) >> >> endobj 4015 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [157.708 433.63 174.072 442.641] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg565) >> >> endobj 4016 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [243.227 418.785 259.59 428.658] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg566) >> >> endobj 4017 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [293.823 404.803 310.187 414.675] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg567) >> >> endobj 4018 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.852 377.271 273.216 387.143] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg567) >> >> endobj 4019 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [294.718 363.288 311.081 373.161] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg568) >> >> endobj 4020 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.143 350.167 263.507 359.178] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg569) >> >> endobj 4021 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.561 335.323 252.925 345.195] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg572) >> >> endobj 4022 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [235.034 321.351 251.398 331.213] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg574) >> >> endobj 4023 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.721 307.357 288.085 317.23] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg575) >> >> endobj 4024 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [227.474 293.386 243.838 303.247] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg576) >> >> endobj 4025 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.863 279.392 213.227 289.265] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg577) >> >> endobj 4026 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [301.067 266.271 317.43 275.282] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg578) >> >> endobj 4027 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 237.888 153.543 247.75] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg578) >> >> endobj 4028 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [286.863 223.895 303.227 233.767] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg580) >> >> endobj 4029 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.681 223.895 325.045 233.767] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg582) >> >> endobj 4030 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [302.005 209.912 318.368 219.785] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg581) >> >> endobj 4031 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.252 195.929 267.467 205.758] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg581) >> >> endobj 4032 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.587 169.259 205.951 178.27] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg582) >> >> endobj 4033 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 120.556 153.543 129.415] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg611) >> >> endobj 4034 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.351 105.712 216.26 115.432] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg70) >> >> endobj 4035 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [302.005 63.764 312.914 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg83) >> >> endobj 4038 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4072 0 obj << /Length 3034 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(779)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(spread)-250(of)-250(Jewish)-250(observances,)-250(84;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(foster)-250(superstition,)-250(84)]TJ -21.818 -13.725 Td [(Julian,)-250(his)-250(hatred)-250(of)-250(Oenomaus)-250(of)-250(Gadara,)-250(364)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.725 Td [(Jumentarii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.269 0 Td [(,)-250(at)-250(the)-250(gates)-250(of)-250(towns,)-250(206)]TJ -47.269 -13.724 Td [(Juvenal,)]TJ 21.818 -13.725 Td [(his)-250(views)-250(of)-250(society)-250(compared)-250(with)-250(Tacitus,)-250(58;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(social)-250(rank)-250(and)-250(early)-250(training)-250(of,)-250(59;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(experience)-250(as)-250(a)-250(client,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 99.054 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -110.269 -13.724 Td [(bitterness)-250(of,)-250(60;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(dates)-250(of)-250(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 52.418 0 Td [(Satires)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 30.305 0 Td [(,)-250(60;)]TJ -82.723 -13.724 Td [(he)-320(and)-319(Martial)-320(have)-320(a)-319(common)-320(stock)-320(of)-319(subjects,)-337(60,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(61;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(plebeian)-405(pride,)-443(and)-405(old)-404(Roman)-405(prejudice,)-443(combined)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(with)-250(the)-250(moral)-250(feeling)-250(of)-250(a)-250(later)-250(age,)-250(63;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(religion,)-250(64;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(extravagant)-250(pessimism,)-250(his)-250(ideal)-250(in)-250(the)-250(past,)-250(65;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(great)-350(movements)-351(of)-350(society)-351(described)-350(by,)-376(and)-350(some-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(times)-250(misunderstood,)-250(69;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(decay)-250(of)-250(the)-250(noble)-250(class)-250(described)-250(by,)-250(69;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(contempt)-250(for)-250(new)-250(men,)-250(70;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(signs)-250(of)-250(aristocratic)-250(poverty,)-250(72;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(his)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(senatorial)-250(dignity,)-250(74;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(treatment)-250(of)-250(women)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Sixth)-250(Satire,)-250(its)-250(faults,)-250(76;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(condemns)-200(mere)-201(eccentricities)-200(and)-201(even)-200(laudable)-200(tastes,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(77;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(distrusts)-250(growing)-250(culture)-250(of)-250(women,)-250(79,)-250(80;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(fighting)-250(a)-250(lost)-250(battle,)-250(81;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(scorn)-250(for)-250(women)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 73.92 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(devotion)-250(to)-250(eastern)-250(cults,)-250(82;)]TJ -77.552 -13.725 Td [(pessimism)-450(about)-451(women)-450(had)-451(some)-450(justification,)-500(84)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(his)-250(judgments)-250(must)-250(be)-250(taken)-250(with)-250(some)-250(reserve,)-250(87;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(indignation)-250(at)-250(the)-250(invasion)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Greeks,)-250(88;)]TJ 0 -13.725 Td [(humiliation)-250(of)-250(the)-250(client,)-250(93;)]TJ 0 -13.724 Td [(general)-250(poverty,)-250(95;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4071 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4072 0 R /Resources 4070 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3945 0 R /Annots [ 4036 0 R 4037 0 R 4041 0 R 4042 0 R 4043 0 R 4044 0 R 4045 0 R 4046 0 R 4047 0 R 4048 0 R 4049 0 R 4050 0 R 4051 0 R 4052 0 R 4053 0 R 4054 0 R 4055 0 R 4056 0 R 4057 0 R 4058 0 R 4059 0 R 4060 0 R 4061 0 R 4062 0 R 4063 0 R 4064 0 R 4065 0 R 4066 0 R 4067 0 R 4068 0 R ] >> endobj 4036 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.611 515.808 235.52 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg84) >> >> endobj 4037 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.342 502.083 185.251 511.792] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg84) >> >> endobj 4041 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.517 489.21 271.88 498.068] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg364) >> >> endobj 4042 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [216.451 474.623 232.815 484.343] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 4043 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [284.927 447.174 295.837 457.047] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg58) >> >> endobj 4044 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.92 433.45 245.829 443.322] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg59) >> >> endobj 4045 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.462 419.736 200.677 429.554] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg59) >> >> endobj 4046 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [149.491 406.862 160.4 415.721] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg60) >> >> endobj 4047 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [178.586 393.138 189.495 401.996] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg60) >> >> endobj 4048 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.765 378.552 324.674 388.272] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg60) >> >> endobj 4049 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 365.864 101.317 374.722] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg61) >> >> endobj 4050 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.884 337.729 262.793 347.449] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg63) >> >> endobj 4051 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.469 324.004 187.378 333.724] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg64) >> >> endobj 4052 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [285.244 310.28 296.153 320.152] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg65) >> >> endobj 4053 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [186.473 283.868 197.382 292.726] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg69) >> >> endobj 4054 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.244 269.281 269.153 279.001] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg69) >> >> endobj 4055 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [194.328 255.568 205.237 265.277] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg70) >> >> endobj 4056 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.357 241.832 228.266 251.552] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg72) >> >> endobj 4057 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [223.127 228.108 234.037 237.828] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg74) >> >> endobj 4058 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [307.673 215.245 318.582 224.103] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg76) >> >> endobj 4059 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 187.971 101.317 196.829] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg77) >> >> endobj 4060 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251 173.385 261.909 183.105] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg79) >> >> endobj 4061 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [267.364 173.385 278.273 183.105] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 4062 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [183.44 159.66 194.349 169.38] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg81) >> >> endobj 4063 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [286.738 146.798 297.647 155.688] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg82) >> >> endobj 4064 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [316.492 132.211 327.401 141.931] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg84) >> >> endobj 4065 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [302.207 104.937 313.116 114.657] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg87) >> >> endobj 4066 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.418 91.213 284.327 100.933] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg88) >> >> endobj 4067 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [201.015 78.35 211.924 87.208] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg93) >> >> endobj 4068 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [164.022 63.764 174.931 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg95) >> >> endobj 4070 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4103 0 obj << /Length 2859 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(780)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(the)-287(cry)-286(of)-287(the)-286(poor,)-296(and)-287(Roman)-286(contempt)-287(for)-286(industry)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(trade,)-250(98;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(Juvenal)-325(compared)-324(with)-325(Pliny,)-344(as)-324(a)-325(painter)-325(of)-324(society,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(141)]TJ -21.818 -21.035 Td [(Lambaesis,)]TJ 21.818 -13.956 Td [(the)-250(camp)-250(at,)-250(how)-250(it)-250(grew)-250(into)-250(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 137.858 0 Td [(municipium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 51.512 0 Td [(,)-250(208;)]TJ -189.37 -13.956 Td [(military)-250(colleges)-250(at,)-250(283;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(temple)-250(of)-250(Isis)-250(at,)-250(568;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(worship)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-250(at,)-250(595)]TJ -21.818 -13.955 Td [(Lanuvium,)-250(college)-250(at,)-250(260)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(Lemuria,)-250(the,)-250(described,)-250(489)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(Libraries,)]TJ 21.818 -13.955 Td [(restocked)-250(with)-250(MSS.)-250(by)-250(Domitian,)-250(53;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 48.48 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(Greek)-250(and)-250(Latin)-250(libraries,)-250(131;)]TJ -52.112 -13.955 Td [(rapid)-250(production)-250(of)-250(books,)-250(156)]TJ -21.818 -13.956 Td [(Literature,)]TJ 21.818 -13.955 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(Antonine)-250(age,)-250(3;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(in)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 34.254 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(days,)-250(157;)]TJ -37.887 -13.956 Td [(literary)-250(amateurs)-250(abound,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 113.912 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -125.127 -13.955 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(poetry,)-250(159;)]TJ -26.672 -13.956 Td [(love)-250(of)-250(Cicero,)-250(158;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(the)-250(plague)-250(of)-250(readings,)-250(160,)-250(172;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(decadence)-250(of,)-250(163,)-250(173;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(Silius)-250(Italicus,)-250(164)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(composition)-250(in)-250(Greek,)-250(166;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(Titinius)-250(Capito,)-250(a)-250(historian,)-250(167;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(devotion)-440(to)-440(poetry,)-488(and)-440(its)-440(causes,)-488(influence)-440(of)-440(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Augustan)-250(tradition,)-250(169;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -116.392 0 Td [([633])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 116.392 -13.956 Td [(fashion)-250(of)-250(the)-250(archaic)-250(style,)-250(170;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(Domitian)-322(founds)-321(a)-322(literary)-322(competition,)-340(its)-321(influence,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(171;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(literary)-250(men)-250(generally)-250(born)-250(in)-250(provincial)-250(places,)-250(196;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(Demonax)-250(rebukes)-250(literary)-250(archaism,)-250(367)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4102 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4103 0 R /Resources 4101 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 3945 0 R /Annots [ 4069 0 R 4073 0 R 4074 0 R 4075 0 R 4076 0 R 4077 0 R 4078 0 R 4079 0 R 4080 0 R 4081 0 R 4082 0 R 4083 0 R 4084 0 R 4085 0 R 4086 0 R 4087 0 R 4088 0 R 4089 0 R 4090 0 R 4091 0 R 4092 0 R 4093 0 R 4094 0 R 4095 0 R 4096 0 R 4097 0 R 4098 0 R 4099 0 R ] >> endobj 4069 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.921 503.11 193.831 511.968] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg98) >> >> endobj 4073 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 477.121 153.543 484.463] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg141) >> >> endobj 4074 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [332.005 439.752 348.368 449.472] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg208) >> >> endobj 4075 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.263 425.796 242.627 435.516] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg283) >> >> endobj 4076 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.627 411.851 228.99 421.713] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg568) >> >> endobj 4077 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.623 397.896 248.987 407.758] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg595) >> >> endobj 4078 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [213.227 383.929 229.59 393.649] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg260) >> >> endobj 4079 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [223.82 370.836 240.183 379.694] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg489) >> >> endobj 4080 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.423 342.063 302.332 351.935] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg53) >> >> endobj 4081 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.081 328.969 327.445 337.86] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg131) >> >> endobj 4082 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.652 314.162 272.016 324.024] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg156) >> >> endobj 4083 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.38 286.24 233.834 295.96] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg3) >> >> endobj 4084 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.489 272.285 223.852 282.157] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg157) >> >> endobj 4085 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.092 258.329 262.307 268.158] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg157) >> >> endobj 4086 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.15 244.374 220.514 254.246] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg159) >> >> endobj 4087 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.045 231.28 221.409 240.291] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg158) >> >> endobj 4088 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [239.278 216.462 255.641 226.182] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg160) >> >> endobj 4089 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.096 216.462 277.459 226.182] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg172) >> >> endobj 4090 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.874 203.369 216.238 212.227] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg163) >> >> endobj 4091 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.692 203.369 238.056 212.227] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg173) >> >> endobj 4092 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.34 188.562 218.703 198.271] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg164) >> >> endobj 4093 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [237.172 174.607 253.536 184.316] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg166) >> >> endobj 4094 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [259.612 160.651 275.976 170.36] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg167) >> >> endobj 4095 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.147 133.135 240.51 142.855] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg169) >> >> endobj 4096 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [260.179 119.18 276.543 128.9] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg170) >> >> endobj 4097 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 92.537 153.543 101.395] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg171) >> >> endobj 4098 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [349.863 77.719 366.227 87.439] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg196) >> >> endobj 4099 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [298.045 63.764 314.409 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg367) >> >> endobj 4104 0 obj << /D [4102 0 R /XYZ 224.147 135.514 null] >> endobj 4101 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4134 0 obj << /Length 3054 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(781)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Livy,)]TJ 21.818 -13.943 Td [(on)-250(decay)-250(of)-250(augury,)-250(445;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(Bacchanalian)-250(scandal,)-250(563;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(apocryphal)-250(books)-250(of)-250(Numa,)-250(564)]TJ -21.818 -13.943 Td [(Lucan,)]TJ 21.818 -13.943 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(worship)-250(of)-250(Isis,)-250(568;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(betrays)-250(his)-250(mother,)-250(his)-250(death,)-250(471;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(style)-250(of,)-250(referred)-250(to)-250(in)-250(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 113.607 0 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.731 0 Td [(of)-250(Petronius,)-250(123)]TJ -178.156 -13.943 Td [(Lucian,)]TJ 21.818 -13.943 Td [(his)-250(war)-250(against)-250(the)-250(Cynics,)-250(337;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(yet)-250(sometimes)-250(approaches)-250(their)-250(view)-250(of)-250(life,)-250(337)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 16.058 0 Td [(Charon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.065 0 Td [(of,)-250(338;)]TJ -52.123 -13.943 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 17.36 0 Td [(Hermotimus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 57.964 0 Td [(of,)-399(witnesses)-370(to)-369(a)-369(moral)-370(movement,)]TJ -75.324 -13.549 Td [(341)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(the)-250(Cynic)-250(in)-250(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 71.52 0 Td [(Banquet)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(,)-250(and)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 23.934 0 Td [(Fugitives)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.604 0 Td [(,)-250(350;)]TJ -172.418 -13.944 Td [(his)-250(treatment)-250(of)-250(the)-250(character)-250(of)-250(Peregrinus,)-250(354)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(visit)-196(to)-197(Olympia)-196(at)-196(the)-197(time)-196(of)-197(the)-196(Cynic)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 171.686 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-196(suicide,)-207(355;)]TJ -175.319 -13.943 Td [(how)-234(he)-233(regarded)-234(it,)-237(and)-234(watched)-234(the)-233(growth)-234(of)-234(a)-233(myth,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(357)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(description)-419(of)-420(the)-419(new)-420(oracle)-419(of)-420(Abonoteichos,)-461(474)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(ridicule)-250(of)-250(superstition)-250(in)-250(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 128.781 0 Td [(Philopseudes)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 58.178 0 Td [(,)-250(490;)]TJ -186.959 -13.943 Td [(reference)-250(to)-250(Mithra,)-250(590)]TJ -21.818 -13.944 Td [(Lucretius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.943 Td [(on)-250(immortality,)-250(500,)-250(501;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(on)-250(Magna)-250(Mater,)-250(547)]TJ -21.818 -13.943 Td [(Luxury,)]TJ 21.818 -13.944 Td [(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(view)-250(of,)-250(65;)]TJ -36.96 -13.943 Td [(Roman)-250(luxury)-250(in)-250(Republican)-250(times,)-250(67;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(luxury)-250(a)-250(relative)-250(term,)-250(68;)]TJ 0 -13.944 Td [(luxury)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Roman)-250(villa,)-250(chiefly)-250(in)-250(marbles,)-250(177;)]TJ 0 -13.943 Td [(the)-250(luxury)-250(of)-250(travelling,)-250(progresses)-250(of)-250(Nero,)-250(206)]TJ -21.818 -20.974 Td [(Maecenas,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4133 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4134 0 R /Resources 4132 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4135 0 R /Annots [ 4100 0 R 4105 0 R 4106 0 R 4107 0 R 4108 0 R 4109 0 R 4110 0 R 4111 0 R 4112 0 R 4113 0 R 4114 0 R 4115 0 R 4116 0 R 4117 0 R 4118 0 R 4119 0 R 4120 0 R 4121 0 R 4122 0 R 4123 0 R 4124 0 R 4125 0 R 4126 0 R 4127 0 R 4128 0 R ] >> endobj 4100 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [179.775 501.854 196.139 511.726] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg445) >> >> endobj 4105 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [219.768 488.772 236.131 497.783] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg563) >> >> endobj 4106 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.018 473.967 260.382 483.84] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg564) >> >> endobj 4107 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.4 446.092 206.764 455.953] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg568) >> >> endobj 4108 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221 432.137 237.364 441.857] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg471) >> >> endobj 4109 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [305.229 418.194 321.593 427.914] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg123) >> >> endobj 4110 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [210.397 390.308 226.76 400.028] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg337) >> >> endobj 4111 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [286.127 376.364 302.491 386.084] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg337) >> >> endobj 4112 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [157.073 363.283 173.437 372.25] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg338) >> >> endobj 4113 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 334.939 106.771 344.649] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg341) >> >> endobj 4114 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [268.28 320.985 284.644 330.858] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg350) >> >> endobj 4115 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [284.295 307.042 300.658 316.915] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg354) >> >> endobj 4116 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.005 293.099 324.369 302.971] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg355) >> >> endobj 4117 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 265.617 106.771 275.479] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg357) >> >> endobj 4118 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.038 251.674 327.401 261.383] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg474) >> >> endobj 4119 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [282.822 224.181 299.186 234] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg490) >> >> endobj 4120 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [180.07 211.089 196.433 220.1] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg590) >> >> endobj 4121 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [161.022 182.341 177.386 192.213] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg500) >> >> endobj 4122 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.84 182.341 199.204 192.213] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg501) >> >> endobj 4123 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [168.571 168.398 184.935 178.27] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg547) >> >> endobj 4124 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.815 141.373 183.724 150.384] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg65) >> >> endobj 4125 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.589 126.568 259.498 136.288] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg67) >> >> endobj 4126 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.084 112.624 200.993 122.344] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg68) >> >> endobj 4127 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [292.815 98.681 309.178 108.401] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg177) >> >> endobj 4128 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [284.611 84.738 300.975 94.458] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 4132 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4166 0 obj << /Length 3071 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(782)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(counsels)-250(of,)-250(to)-250(Augustus)-250(in)-250(Dion)-250(Cassius,)-250(446,)-250(533;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Trimalchio,)-250(a)-250(freedman)-250(of,)-250(128)-250(n.)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Magna)-250(Mater,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(brought)-250(from)-250(Pessinus,)-250(204)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 122.727 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-250(548;)]TJ -137.801 -13.707 Td [(no)-250(Roman)-250(priest)-250(of,)-250(for)-250(100)-250(years,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 152.399 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -163.614 -13.708 Td [(growing)-339(popularity)-338(of,)-361(at)-339(Rome,)-361(in)-339(Spain)-339(and)-338(Dacia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(549;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(legend)-250(of,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 46.352 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -57.567 -13.707 Td [(her)-250(festival)-250(in)-250(spring,)-250(550;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(her)-250(priests)-250(in)-250(the)-250(inscriptions,)-250(550)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(her)-250(sacred)-250(colleges,)-250(551;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(her)-250(disreputable)-250(followers)-250(in)-250(Apuleius,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 172.701 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.942 0 Td [(sqq.;)]TJ -186.643 -13.707 Td [(her)-250(worship)-250(transmuted,)-250(554;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(the)-250(taurobolium)-250(and)-250(its)-250(history,)-250(556;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(alliance)-250(of,)-250(with)-250(Mithra,)-250(and)-250(Attis,)-250(556)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(women)-250(admitted)-250(to)-250(sacred)-250(rank,)-250(557;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(identified)-250(with)-250(Maia,)-250(Demeter,)-250(Bona)-250(Dea,)-250(etc.,)-250(559)]TJ -21.818 -13.707 Td [(Majesty,)-250(the)-250(law)-250(of,)-250(under)-250(the)-250(Empire,)-250(33)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Malaga,)-250(inscriptions)-250(of,)-250(209)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Manetho,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(treatise)-250(of,)-250(on)-250(myths,)-250(561;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(assists)-250(the)-250(first)-250(Ptolemy)-250(in)-250(recasting)-250(Isiac)-250(worship,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 223.319 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -245.137 -13.708 Td [(Marcian,)-250(on)-250(Colleges,)-250(255)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Martial,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(deals)-250(with)-250(the)-250(same)-250(social)-250(subjects)-250(as)-250(Juvenal,)-250(61;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(his)-250(graphic)-250(picture)-250(of)-250(the)-250(age,)-250(61,)-250(62;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(better)-282(side)-283(of,)-290(love)-283(of)-282(country)-283(life,)-290(picture)-283(of)-282(the)-282(farm)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(Faustinus,)-250(love)-250(of)-250(Bilbilis,)-250(62;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(on)-250(Regulus,)-250(156;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(on)-250(literary)-250(amateurs,)-250(157;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(on)-250(Silius)-250(Italicus,)-250(158;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(relations)-250(of,)-250(with)-250(Pliny,)-250(158;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(regret)-250(for)-250(the)-250(capital,)-250(198)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Maximus)-250(of)-250(Tyre,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4165 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4166 0 R /Resources 4164 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4135 0 R /Annots [ 4129 0 R 4130 0 R 4131 0 R 4136 0 R 4137 0 R 4138 0 R 4139 0 R 4140 0 R 4141 0 R 4142 0 R 4143 0 R 4144 0 R 4145 0 R 4146 0 R 4147 0 R 4148 0 R 4149 0 R 4150 0 R 4151 0 R 4152 0 R 4153 0 R 4154 0 R 4155 0 R 4156 0 R 4157 0 R 4158 0 R 4159 0 R 4160 0 R 4161 0 R 4162 0 R ] >> endobj 4129 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [321.728 515.797 338.092 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg446) >> >> endobj 4130 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [343.547 515.797 359.91 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg533) >> >> endobj 4131 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [257.147 502.951 273.51 511.809] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg128) >> >> endobj 4136 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [280.435 474.674 296.799 484.547] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg548) >> >> endobj 4137 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [289.579 460.967 300.794 470.796] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg548) >> >> endobj 4138 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 434.572 153.543 443.583] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 4139 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [183.532 420.002 194.747 429.831] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 4140 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.623 406.295 248.987 416.167] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg550) >> >> endobj 4141 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [268.688 392.598 285.052 402.46] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg550) >> >> endobj 4142 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.631 378.88 241.994 388.752] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg551) >> >> endobj 4143 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [309.881 365.183 321.096 375.001] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg551) >> >> endobj 4144 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.649 351.475 262.012 361.337] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg554) >> >> endobj 4145 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [276.576 337.757 292.939 347.63] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg556) >> >> endobj 4146 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [290.801 324.06 307.165 333.922] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg556) >> >> endobj 4147 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [279.576 311.204 295.939 320.214] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg557) >> >> endobj 4148 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [344.408 297.496 360.772 306.507] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg559) >> >> endobj 4149 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [286.241 282.927 297.15 292.647] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg33) >> >> endobj 4150 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.714 269.219 238.078 278.939] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg209) >> >> endobj 4151 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.718 241.804 248.081 251.677] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg561) >> >> endobj 4152 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [360.499 228.096 371.714 237.925] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg561) >> >> endobj 4153 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.438 214.389 230.801 224.261] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg255) >> >> endobj 4154 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [342.303 186.974 353.212 196.694] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg61) >> >> endobj 4155 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [269.572 173.266 280.481 182.986] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg61) >> >> endobj 4156 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [285.936 173.266 296.845 182.986] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg62) >> >> endobj 4157 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [267.194 146.871 278.103 155.729] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg62) >> >> endobj 4158 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.031 132.302 208.394 142.174] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg156) >> >> endobj 4159 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.885 118.594 246.249 128.467] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg157) >> >> endobj 4160 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [215.976 105.748 232.339 114.759] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg158) >> >> endobj 4161 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [242.638 91.179 259.001 101.052] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg158) >> >> endobj 4162 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.39 77.471 247.754 87.191] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg198) >> >> endobj 4164 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4198 0 obj << /Length 2908 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(783)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(character)-250(of)-250(his)-250(Discourses,)-250(349;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(conciliation)-223(of)-222(anthropomorphism)-223(with)-223(a)-223(higher)-222(vision)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(God)-250(by,)-250(395;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(ethical)-250(theory)-250(of,)-250(421;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(daemonology)-250(of,)-250(429;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(fortified)-250(by)-250(tales)-250(of)-250(apparitions,)-250(491;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(influenced)-250(by)-250(Aristotle,)-250(421)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Medicine,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(profession)-250(of,)-250(filled)-250(by)-250(Greeks,)-250(92;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(great)-201(physicians,)-211(Antonius)-201(Musa,)-211(the)-201(Stertinii,)-211(etc.,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 222.746 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -233.961 -13.707 Td [(sneers)-250(against,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 66.349 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -77.563 -13.708 Td [(public)-250(physicians)-250(in)-250(municipal)-250(towns,)-250(219;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(income)-250(and)-250(munificence)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Stertinii,)-250(224;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(science)-432(of,)-478(in)-433(the)-432(second)-432(century,)-478(superstitious)-432(ele-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ments,)-250(459;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(how)-250(blended)-250(with)-250(real)-250(skill,)-250(462;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(skilled)-250(physicians)-250(in)-250(temples)-250(of)-250(Asclepius,)-250(465)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Medixtuticus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 56.356 0 Td [(,)-250(title)-250(of,)-250(still)-250(preserved)-250(in)-250(Oscan)-250(towns,)-250(203)]TJ -56.356 -13.707 Td [(Minucius)-250(Felix,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(quoted,)-250(545;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(festivals)-250(of)-250(Isis,)-250(578)-250(n.;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(on)-250(daemons,)-250(433)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Miracles,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(Origen)-250(and)-250(Celsus)-250(on,)-250(481;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(universal)-250(belief)-250(in,)-250(482;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(miracles)-250(in)-250(temples)-250(of)-250(Serapis,)-250(573;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Vespasian)-250(consents)-250(to)-250(work,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 126.949 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -148.767 -13.708 Td [(Mithra,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(growing)-250(power)-250(of,)-250(386;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(the)-250(taurobolium)-250(a)-250(part)-250(of)-250(his)-250(worship,)-250(556;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(alliance)-250(of,)-250(with)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-250(and)-250(Attis,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 180.272 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(,)-250(589)-250(sq.;)]TJ -191.487 -13.708 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(Vedas)-250(and)-250(Avestas,)-250(586;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(Zoroastrian)-250(system,)-250(587;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(the)-250(God)-250(of)-250(kings,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 78.48 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4197 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4198 0 R /Resources 4196 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4135 0 R /Annots [ 4163 0 R 4167 0 R 4168 0 R 4169 0 R 4170 0 R 4171 0 R 4172 0 R 4173 0 R 4174 0 R 4175 0 R 4176 0 R 4177 0 R 4178 0 R 4179 0 R 4180 0 R 4181 0 R 4182 0 R 4183 0 R 4184 0 R 4185 0 R 4186 0 R 4187 0 R 4188 0 R 4189 0 R 4190 0 R 4191 0 R 4192 0 R 4193 0 R 4194 0 R ] >> endobj 4163 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [213.702 516.659 230.066 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg349) >> >> endobj 4167 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [140.099 488.54 156.462 498.413] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg395) >> >> endobj 4168 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [167.36 474.833 183.724 484.553] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg421) >> >> endobj 4169 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [167.066 461.125 183.429 470.845] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg429) >> >> endobj 4170 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [230.993 447.417 247.357 457.137] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg491) >> >> endobj 4171 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.455 433.71 212.818 443.43] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg421) >> >> endobj 4172 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.866 406.295 239.775 416.015] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg92) >> >> endobj 4173 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.154 392.587 324.369 402.416] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg92) >> >> endobj 4174 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [156.757 378.88 167.971 388.709] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg92) >> >> endobj 4175 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.287 365.172 274.651 374.892] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg219) >> >> endobj 4176 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [268.869 352.326 285.233 361.184] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg224) >> >> endobj 4177 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [121.924 325.07 138.288 334.08] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg459) >> >> endobj 4178 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.64 311.362 231.004 320.22] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg462) >> >> endobj 4179 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [279.189 296.793 295.553 306.665] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg465) >> >> endobj 4180 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [301.596 283.096 317.96 292.914] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg203) >> >> endobj 4181 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [125.557 255.681 141.92 265.543] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg545) >> >> endobj 4182 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [191.611 242.824 207.975 251.835] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg578) >> >> endobj 4183 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [148.28 229.117 164.644 237.975] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg433) >> >> endobj 4184 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.095 200.84 206.459 210.56] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg481) >> >> endobj 4185 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.637 187.994 191 196.852] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg482) >> >> endobj 4186 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [227.36 173.435 243.724 183.297] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg573) >> >> endobj 4187 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.357 159.728 228.571 169.546] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg573) >> >> endobj 4188 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.026 132.302 190.389 142.022] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg386) >> >> endobj 4189 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [257.666 118.605 274.029 128.467] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg556) >> >> endobj 4190 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [270.68 104.887 281.895 114.759] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg556) >> >> endobj 4191 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [287.349 104.887 303.713 114.759] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg589) >> >> endobj 4192 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.142 92.041 222.506 101.052] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg586) >> >> endobj 4193 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.458 77.471 222.822 87.344] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg587) >> >> endobj 4194 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [168.888 63.764 180.102 73.593] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg587) >> >> endobj 4199 0 obj << /D [4197 0 R /XYZ 270.68 107.265 null] >> endobj 4196 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4233 0 obj << /Length 3632 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(784)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(influence)-250(of)-250(Babylon)-250(on)-250(the)-250(worship)-250(of,)-250(587;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(influence)-250(of)-250(syncretism)-250(in)-250(Asia)-250(Minor)-250(on,)-250(588;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(the)-250(taurobolium)-250(probably)-250(borrowed,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 160.887 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -172.101 -13.718 Td [(origin)-288(of)-287(the)-288(Tauroctonus)-288(group,)-297(date)-288(of)-288(the)-287(introduc-)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(tion)-250(of)-250(the)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(cult)-250(into)-250(Europe,)-250(590;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(statement)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Life)-250(of)-250(Pompey,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 152.716 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -203.923 -13.718 Td [(worship)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Flavian)-250(age,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 135.741 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -146.956 -13.719 Td [(syncretism)-250(of,)-250(592;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(worship)-233(of,)-237(propagated)-234(by)-233(soldiers,)-237(civil)-234(servants,)-236(etc.,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -11.214 -13.719 Td [(stages)-250(of)-250(its)-250(diffusion)-250(through)-250(Italy,)-250(593;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(and)-250(north)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Alps,)-250(594;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(progress)-250(of)-250(the)-250(worship)-250(along)-250(the)-250(Danube,)-250(594)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(legions)-250(which)-250(propagated)-250(it)-250(in)-250(Pannonia,)-250(595;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(remains)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Upper)-250(Germany,)-250(596;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(in)-250(England,)-250(597;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(in)-250(Gaul,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 37.876 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -49.091 -13.718 Td [(its)-250(many)-250(attractions,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 90.905 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -102.12 -13.719 Td [(Persian)-250(symbolism,)-250(598;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(Babylonian)-250(elements)-250(in,)-250(astrology,)-250(598,)-250(602,)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(relative)-243(influence)-243(of)-243(Iran)-243(and)-243(Babylon,)-244(different)-243(views)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of,)-250(599;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(influence)-250(of)-250(Platonism)-250(and)-250(Pythagoreanism)-250(on,)-250(600;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(doctrine)-250(of)-250(the)-250(soul)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 84.534 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(descent,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -144.523 -13.718 Td [(cosmic)-302(theory,)-315(doctrine)-303(of)-302(emanation,)-315(and)-302(deification)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-250(elemental)-250(powers,)-250(601)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(Mithra)-250(as)-250(mediator)-250(in)-250(two)-250(senses,)-250(604)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(the)-250(Dadophori,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 68.171 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(,)-250(606;)]TJ -79.385 -13.719 Td [(the)-250(legend)-250(recovered)-250(from)-250(monuments,)-250(605;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 16.058 0 Td [(petra)-250(genetrix)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 61.505 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 5.455 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -94.232 -13.719 Td [(symbolism)-250(of)-250(the)-250(slaughtered)-250(bull,)-250(606;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(agape)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-250(and)-250(Sun,)-250(607;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(various)-250(interpretations)-250(of)-250(the)-250(legend,)-250(607;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4232 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4233 0 R /Resources 4231 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4135 0 R /Annots [ 4195 0 R 4200 0 R 4201 0 R 4202 0 R 4203 0 R 4204 0 R 4205 0 R 4206 0 R 4207 0 R 4208 0 R 4209 0 R 4210 0 R 4211 0 R 4212 0 R 4213 0 R 4214 0 R 4215 0 R 4216 0 R 4217 0 R 4218 0 R 4219 0 R 4220 0 R 4221 0 R 4222 0 R 4223 0 R 4224 0 R 4225 0 R 4226 0 R 4227 0 R 4228 0 R 4229 0 R ] >> endobj 4195 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [314.125 515.797 330.488 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg587) >> >> endobj 4200 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [322.612 502.078 338.976 511.951] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg588) >> >> endobj 4201 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [298.067 488.36 309.281 498.189] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg588) >> >> endobj 4202 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.932 447.385 229.296 457.246] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg590) >> >> endobj 4203 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [329.888 433.655 341.103 443.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg590) >> >> endobj 4204 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [272.921 419.937 284.136 429.766] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg590) >> >> endobj 4205 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [201.718 406.218 218.081 416.091] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg592) >> >> endobj 4206 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 379.812 148.394 388.78] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg592) >> >> endobj 4207 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [295.656 365.232 312.019 375.105] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg593) >> >> endobj 4208 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [235.35 351.525 251.714 361.386] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg594) >> >> endobj 4209 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [325.023 337.795 341.387 347.668] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg594) >> >> endobj 4210 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [318.074 324.077 334.438 333.949] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg595) >> >> endobj 4211 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [276.238 310.358 292.601 320.231] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg596) >> >> endobj 4212 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.209 296.64 206.572 306.512] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg597) >> >> endobj 4213 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [175.056 283.783 186.271 292.75] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg597) >> >> endobj 4214 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.085 269.203 239.299 279.032] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg597) >> >> endobj 4215 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.369 255.484 241.732 265.357] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg598) >> >> endobj 4216 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.718 241.766 308.081 251.638] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg598) >> >> endobj 4217 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.536 241.766 329.899 251.638] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg602) >> >> endobj 4218 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [151.722 215.36 168.085 224.371] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg599) >> >> endobj 4219 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [346.557 200.779 362.921 210.499] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg600) >> >> endobj 4220 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [270.489 187.923 281.703 196.89] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg600) >> >> endobj 4221 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.096 159.804 247.46 169.513] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg601) >> >> endobj 4222 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [286.558 146.086 302.921 155.795] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg604) >> >> endobj 4223 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.351 132.367 216.565 142.185] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg604) >> >> endobj 4224 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.02 132.367 238.383 142.185] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg606) >> >> endobj 4225 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.081 118.638 327.445 128.511] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg605) >> >> endobj 4226 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.198 105.039 231.412 114.748] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg605) >> >> endobj 4227 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.118 91.201 307.481 100.921] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg606) >> >> endobj 4228 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [250.492 77.482 266.856 87.202] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg607) >> >> endobj 4229 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [300.183 63.764 316.547 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg607) >> >> endobj 4234 0 obj << /D [4232 0 R /XYZ 231.096 162.171 null] >> endobj 4231 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4268 0 obj << /Length 3059 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(785)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(Mithraism)-250(a)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(combat,)-250(608;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(its)-250(consolations,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 73.036 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -84.251 -13.698 Td [(its)-250(eschatology,)-250(609;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(effect)-250(of)-250(the)-250(taurobolium,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 114.218 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -125.432 -13.698 Td [(ritual)-250(and)-250(sacraments)-250(of,)-250(610;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(daily)-250(offices,)-250(and)-250(festivals)-250(of,)-250(611;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(seven)-250(grades)-250(of)-250(the)-250(initiated,)-250(611;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(ordeals)-250(of,)-250(612;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(guilds)-250(of,)-250(612;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(rites)-244(regarded)-245(as)-244(a)-245(diabolic)-244(parody)-245(of)-244(the)-245(Church,)-245(613;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(description)-250(of)-250(the)-250(chapels)-250(of,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 129.065 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.942 0 Td [(sq.;)]TJ -143.007 -13.698 Td [(how)-250(Mithraism)-250(escaped)-250(persecution,)-250(614;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(how)-250(it)-250(fostered)-250(theocratic)-250(ideas)-250(at)-250(Rome,)-250(617)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(a)-250(great)-250(imperial)-250(cult,)-250(619;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(last)-250(days)-250(of,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 55.145 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -66.36 -13.698 Td [(worship)-250(of,)-250(a)-250(great)-250(effort)-250(of)-250(syncretism,)-250(620;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(moral)-250(and)-250(mystic)-250(strength)-250(of,)-250(621;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(relations)-250(to)-250(Christianity,)-250(622;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(similarities)-250(between)-250(them,)-250(623;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(weaknesses)-250(of)-250(Mithraism,)-250(624;)]TJ 0 -13.697 Td [(inseparably)-250(involved)-250(with)-250(Nature-worship,)-250(626)]TJ -21.818 -13.698 Td [(Monarchy,)]TJ 21.818 -13.698 Td [(Seneca)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.894 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(conception)-250(of,)-250(16;)]TJ -34.527 -13.698 Td [(hereditary)-250(succession)-250(and)-250(adoption,)-250(27;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(ideal)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Dion)-250(Chrysostom,)-250(377,)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(apotheosis)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(third)-250(century,)-250(615)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(attitude)-250(of)-250(Tacitus)-250(to,)-250(21)]TJ -21.818 -13.698 Td [(Morals,)]TJ 21.818 -13.698 Td [(divorced)-250(from)-250(politics)-250(and)-250(speculation,)-250(290)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(became)-250(a)-250(religion)-250(in)-250(Seneca,)-250(305;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(relation)-250(of)-250(precept)-250(and)-250(dogma,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 136.331 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -147.545 -13.698 Td [(freedom)-250(and)-250(necessity,)-250(311;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(the)-250(fall)-250(of)-250(man,)-250(312;)]TJ 0 -13.698 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(theory)-250(of,)-250(410)-250(sqq.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4267 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4268 0 R /Resources 4266 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4135 0 R /Annots [ 4230 0 R 4235 0 R 4236 0 R 4237 0 R 4238 0 R 4239 0 R 4240 0 R 4241 0 R 4242 0 R 4243 0 R 4244 0 R 4245 0 R 4246 0 R 4247 0 R 4248 0 R 4249 0 R 4250 0 R 4251 0 R 4252 0 R 4253 0 R 4254 0 R 4255 0 R 4256 0 R 4257 0 R 4258 0 R 4259 0 R 4260 0 R 4261 0 R 4262 0 R 4263 0 R 4264 0 R 4265 0 R ] >> endobj 4230 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.215 515.797 248.578 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg608) >> >> endobj 4235 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [163.444 502.961 174.658 511.928] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg608) >> >> endobj 4236 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [161.011 488.401 177.375 498.121] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg609) >> >> endobj 4237 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.626 475.565 215.84 484.532] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg609) >> >> endobj 4238 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [200.382 461.867 216.746 470.725] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg610) >> >> endobj 4239 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.2 447.307 238.564 457.027] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg611) >> >> endobj 4240 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.262 433.609 234.626 443.329] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg611) >> >> endobj 4241 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [139.182 420.773 155.546 429.631] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg612) >> >> endobj 4242 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [134.35 406.213 150.713 415.933] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg612) >> >> endobj 4243 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.005 392.515 324.369 402.235] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg613) >> >> endobj 4244 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [219.473 378.828 230.688 388.646] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg613) >> >> endobj 4245 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [253.106 365.13 269.469 374.839] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg614) >> >> endobj 4246 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.586 351.432 287.949 361.141] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg617) >> >> endobj 4247 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [183.419 337.723 199.782 347.443] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg619) >> >> endobj 4248 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.553 324.025 156.768 333.854] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg619) >> >> endobj 4249 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [266.426 310.327 282.789 320.047] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg620) >> >> endobj 4250 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.306 296.629 237.669 306.349] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg621) >> >> endobj 4251 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [198.898 282.931 215.262 292.651] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg622) >> >> endobj 4252 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.975 270.095 224.338 278.953] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg623) >> >> endobj 4253 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.753 256.397 223.117 265.255] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg624) >> >> endobj 4254 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [280.378 241.837 296.742 251.557] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg626) >> >> endobj 4255 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [197.044 214.452 207.953 224.194] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg16) >> >> endobj 4256 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.862 200.744 259.771 210.464] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg27) >> >> endobj 4257 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.833 187.046 239.197 196.766] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg377) >> >> endobj 4258 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.455 173.348 242.818 183.22] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg615) >> >> endobj 4259 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [186.462 160.511 197.371 169.37] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg21) >> >> endobj 4260 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [263.72 132.265 280.084 141.974] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg290) >> >> endobj 4261 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.251 118.556 234.615 128.428] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg305) >> >> endobj 4262 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.738 104.858 237.953 114.687] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg305) >> >> endobj 4263 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [193.411 91.16 209.775 100.88] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg311) >> >> endobj 4264 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [159.789 78.324 176.153 87.182] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg312) >> >> endobj 4265 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.513 63.764 198.877 73.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg410) >> >> endobj 4266 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4303 0 obj << /Length 3099 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(786)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Municipal)-250(life,)]TJ 21.818 -13.738 Td [(picture)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Petronius,)-250(133)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(rapid)-518(organisation)-518(of,)-585(in)-518(Spain,)-585(Gaul,)-585(Dacia,)-585(etc.,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(immense)-250(growth)-250(of)-250(towns,)-250(200;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(Baden)-250(in)-250(69)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 55.451 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-250(201;)]TJ -71.429 -13.738 Td [(Thamugadi)-250(in)-250(Numidia,)-250(202;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(policy)-250(of)-250(government)-250(towards)-250(provincial)-250(towns,)-250(203;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(drift)-388(towards)-389(uniformity)-388(of)-389(civic)-388(organisation,)-423(influ-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ence)-250(of)-250(the)-250(capital,)-250(204;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(how)-250(towns)-250(were)-250(formed,)-250(207;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(development)-250(from)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 83.018 0 Td [(castra)-250(stativa)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 59.094 0 Td [(,)-250(207,)-250(sq.;)]TJ -142.112 -13.739 Td [(soldiers)-272(allowed)-272(to)-272(live)-272(with)-272(their)-272(families)-272(in)-271(the)-272(third)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(century,)-250(208;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(municipal)-250(town)-250(aristocratic)-250(in)-250(constitution,)-250(209,)-250(231;)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.738 Td [(Album)-250(Canusii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 65.16 0 Td [(,)-250(210;)]TJ -65.16 -13.738 Td [(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 16.058 0 Td [(honestiores)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 50.302 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 5.454 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -83.029 -13.738 Td [(popular)-250(election)-250(the)-250(rule)-250(in)-250(the)-250(first)-250(century,)-250(211;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(magistracies,)-250(212;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(their)-250(burdens,)-250(signs)-250(of)-250(decay,)-250(212;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(powers)-250(of)-250(the)-250(duumvirs,)-250(213;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(the)-390(Curia,)-426(its)-391(numbers,)-425(qualification,)-426(and)-390(privileges,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(214,)-250(215;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(local)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 23.934 0 Td [(Equites)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 32.727 0 Td [(,)-250(215;)]TJ -56.661 -13.738 Td [(Augustales,)-470(their)-427(importance,)-470(organisation,)-470(insignia,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(etc.,)-250(216,)-250(217;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(municipal)-250(finance,)-250(218;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(public)-382(charges,)-414(food,)-415(education,)-415(medical)-381(attendance,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(219;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(public)-250(works,)-250(220;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(finances,)-247(and)-245(maladministration)-246(of)-246(Bithynian)-246(towns)-245(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Trajan)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.472 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(reign,)-250(220,)-250(221;)]TJ -32.105 -13.738 Td [(municipal)-250(life)-250(of)-250(Pompeii,)-250(222,)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(generous)-250(gifts)-250(to)-250(towns,)-250(223,)-250(225;)]TJ 0 -13.738 Td [(examples)-250(from)-250(the)-250(inscriptions,)-250(226)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4302 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4303 0 R /Resources 4301 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4135 0 R /Annots [ 4269 0 R 4270 0 R 4271 0 R 4272 0 R 4273 0 R 4274 0 R 4275 0 R 4276 0 R 4277 0 R 4278 0 R 4279 0 R 4280 0 R 4281 0 R 4282 0 R 4283 0 R 4284 0 R 4285 0 R 4286 0 R 4287 0 R 4288 0 R 4289 0 R 4290 0 R 4291 0 R 4292 0 R 4293 0 R 4294 0 R 4295 0 R 4296 0 R 4297 0 R 4298 0 R 4299 0 R ] >> endobj 4269 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [242.627 502.07 258.99 511.779] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg133) >> >> endobj 4270 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.263 474.772 272.627 484.492] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg200) >> >> endobj 4271 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.063 461.895 230.427 470.754] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg201) >> >> endobj 4272 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.449 447.296 260.812 457.016] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg202) >> >> endobj 4273 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [349.579 433.558 365.943 443.278] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg203) >> >> endobj 4274 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.303 406.281 238.667 415.99] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg204) >> >> endobj 4275 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.365 393.394 264.729 402.252] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg207) >> >> endobj 4276 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [284.747 378.805 301.11 388.514] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg207) >> >> endobj 4277 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [175.351 351.507 191.714 361.227] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg208) >> >> endobj 4278 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [327.477 337.78 343.841 347.489] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg209) >> >> endobj 4279 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [349.296 337.78 365.659 347.489] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg231) >> >> endobj 4280 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.794 324.893 224.158 333.86] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg210) >> >> endobj 4281 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.994 311.155 220.209 320.122] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg210) >> >> endobj 4282 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [331.994 296.555 348.357 306.275] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg211) >> >> endobj 4283 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [197.169 282.817 213.532 292.537] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg212) >> >> endobj 4284 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [267.761 269.079 284.125 278.799] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg212) >> >> endobj 4285 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.954 255.352 262.318 265.061] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg213) >> >> endobj 4286 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 228.916 153.543 237.926] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg214) >> >> endobj 4287 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.998 228.916 175.361 237.926] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg215) >> >> endobj 4288 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.296 214.436 215.66 224.188] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg215) >> >> endobj 4289 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.082 187.89 174.445 196.748] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg216) >> >> endobj 4290 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [179.9 187.89 196.263 196.748] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg217) >> >> endobj 4291 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.103 173.301 237.467 183.01] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg218) >> >> endobj 4292 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 146.865 153.543 155.723] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg219) >> >> endobj 4293 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.296 132.276 215.66 141.985] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg220) >> >> endobj 4294 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.129 104.978 220.492 114.731] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg220) >> >> endobj 4295 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.947 104.978 242.31 114.731] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg221) >> >> endobj 4296 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [254.452 91.251 270.816 100.96] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg222) >> >> endobj 4297 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.143 77.502 260.507 87.375] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg223) >> >> endobj 4298 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [265.961 77.502 282.325 87.375] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg225) >> >> endobj 4299 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.47 63.775 293.834 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg226) >> >> endobj 4301 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4340 0 obj << /Length 2728 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(787)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(public)-250(feasts)-250(on)-250(a)-250(great)-250(scale,)-250(229;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(gifts)-250(of)-250(money)-250(according)-250(to)-250(social)-250(rank,)-250(230;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(tone)-250(of)-250(town)-250(life,)-250(231;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(pleasures)-250(of,)-250(233;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(gladiatorial)-250(shows,)-250(236)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(how)-250(the)-250(community)-250(rewarded)-250(benefactors,)-250(244)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(municipal)-250(meanness,)-250(245;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(decaying)-250(local)-250(patriotism,)-250(246;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(Plutarch)-250(on,)-250(247;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(growing)-250(centralisation)-250(and)-250(interference,)-250(248;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(shadows)-250(of)-250(the)-250(end,)-250(249)]TJ -21.818 -13.921 Td [(Musonius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.921 Td [(his)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(chastity,)-250(77;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(condemns)-250(the)-250(Sophists,)-250(344;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(exile)-154(of,)-173(under)-154(Nero;)-186(character)-154(of)-154(his)-154(teaching;)-186(preaches)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-250(the)-250(soldiery)-250(in)-250(69)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 90 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-250(348)]TJ -127.796 -20.861 Td [(Nature,)]TJ 21.818 -13.921 Td [(love)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Virgil,)-250(197;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(in)-250(Pliny,)-250(174;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(in)-250(Martial,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 48.785 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(,)-250(62,)-250(198)]TJ -81.818 -13.921 Td [(Nero,)]TJ 21.818 -13.921 Td [(hereditary)-250(taint)-250(of,)-250(17;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(not)-250(without)-250(some)-250(good)-250(qualities,)-250(17;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(could)-250(inspire)-250(affection,)-250(18;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(his)-250(devotion)-250(to)-250(art,)-250(and)-250(its)-250(evil)-250(results,)-250(19;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(cupitor)-250(incredibilium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 93.032 0 Td [(,)-250(20;)]TJ -100.603 -13.921 Td [(his)-250(waste)-250(leads)-250(to)-250(cruel)-250(oppression,)-250(20,)-250(21;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(examples)-250(of)-250(wild)-250(profusion,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(his)-250(superstition,)-250(45,)-250(536;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(compelled)-250(by)-250(the)-250(mob)-250(to)-250(recall)-250(Octavia,)-250(49;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(popular)-240(indignation)-240(at)-240(his)-240(appearance)-240(on)-240(the)-240(stage,)-242(74;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.058 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Noctes)-250(Neronis,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.287 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(75;)]TJ -98.76 -13.921 Td [(his)-250(phil-Hellenism,)-250(89;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4339 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4340 0 R /Resources 4338 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4341 0 R /Annots [ 4300 0 R 4304 0 R 4305 0 R 4306 0 R 4307 0 R 4308 0 R 4309 0 R 4310 0 R 4311 0 R 4312 0 R 4313 0 R 4314 0 R 4315 0 R 4316 0 R 4317 0 R 4318 0 R 4319 0 R 4320 0 R 4321 0 R 4322 0 R 4323 0 R 4324 0 R 4325 0 R 4326 0 R 4327 0 R 4328 0 R 4329 0 R 4330 0 R 4331 0 R 4332 0 R 4333 0 R 4334 0 R 4335 0 R ] >> endobj 4300 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.978 515.797 237.342 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg229) >> >> endobj 4304 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [266.742 501.876 283.106 511.596] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg230) >> >> endobj 4305 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [168.277 488.817 184.64 497.675] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg231) >> >> endobj 4306 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [148.27 474.046 164.633 483.755] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg233) >> >> endobj 4307 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [175.553 460.114 191.917 469.834] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg236) >> >> endobj 4308 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [279.451 446.193 295.815 455.913] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg244) >> >> endobj 4309 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.64 432.283 201.004 442.145] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg245) >> >> endobj 4310 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.153 418.352 222.517 428.072] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg246) >> >> endobj 4311 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.859 405.293 162.222 414.151] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg247) >> >> endobj 4312 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [267.026 390.51 283.389 400.23] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg248) >> >> endobj 4313 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [179.786 377.451 196.149 386.309] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg249) >> >> endobj 4314 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [181.008 348.748 191.917 358.468] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg77) >> >> endobj 4315 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [195.866 334.838 212.229 344.547] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg344) >> >> endobj 4316 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [201.84 307.357 218.204 317.077] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg348) >> >> endobj 4317 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [169.193 272.575 185.557 282.295] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg197) >> >> endobj 4318 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [130.117 258.654 146.48 268.374] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg174) >> >> endobj 4319 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [139.193 245.595 150.408 254.563] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg174) >> >> endobj 4320 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [155.862 245.595 166.771 254.563] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg62) >> >> endobj 4321 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.226 245.595 188.589 254.563] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg198) >> >> endobj 4322 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.026 216.892 184.935 226.612] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg17) >> >> endobj 4323 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [235.869 202.971 246.778 212.691] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg17) >> >> endobj 4324 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [194.022 189.061 204.931 198.771] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg18) >> >> endobj 4325 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [259.498 175.992 270.407 184.85] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg19) >> >> endobj 4326 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.466 161.329 207.375 171.038] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg20) >> >> endobj 4327 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.051 147.299 257.96 157.008] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg20) >> >> endobj 4328 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [263.415 147.299 274.324 157.008] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg21) >> >> endobj 4329 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [215.546 133.378 226.455 143.088] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 4330 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [162.233 119.458 173.142 129.32] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg45) >> >> endobj 4331 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [178.597 119.458 194.96 129.32] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg536) >> >> endobj 4332 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [267.953 105.526 278.862 115.246] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg49) >> >> endobj 4333 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.459 91.605 324.369 101.325] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg74) >> >> endobj 4334 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.168 78.546 200.077 87.557] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg75) >> >> endobj 4335 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.775 63.775 187.684 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg89) >> >> endobj 4338 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4372 0 obj << /Length 2809 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(788)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(silences)-250(Delphi,)-250(434;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(belief)-250(in)-250(astrology,)-250(448;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(propitiates)-250(his)-250(mother)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.149 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(shade,)-250(491;)]TJ -98.781 -13.932 Td [(flattery)-250(of,)-250(by)-250(the)-250(Arval)-250(Brothers,)-250(542;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(worshipped)-250(by)-250(Tiridates,)-250(617;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(violence)-250(to)-250(Delphi,)-250(472)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Nerva,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(retrenchments)-250(of,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(first)-250(provided)-250(for)-250(poor)-250(children,)-250(192)]TJ -21.818 -13.932 Td [(Nicomedia,)-250(D.)-250(Chrysostom)-250(on)-250(its)-250(public)-250(vices,)-250(373)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(Numa,)-250(apocryphal)-250(books)-250(of,)-250(564)]TJ 0 -20.916 Td [(Octavia,)-313(divorced)-301(on)-301(false)-301(charge,)-313(and)-301(recalled)-301(by)-301(Nero)-300(at)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(bidding)-250(of)-250(the)-250(mob,)-250(49)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(Oenomaus)-250(of)-250(Gadara,)]TJ 21.818 -13.931 Td [(rejection)-250(of)-250(myth)-250(and)-250(oracles)-250(by,)-250(363;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(theory)-250(of)-250(oracles,)-250(364;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(Julian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.062 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(denunciation)-250(of,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 80.596 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -132.108 -13.931 Td [(Olbia,)-250(D.)-250(Chrysostom)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 95.759 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(visit)-250(to,)-250(371)-250(sq.)]TJ -99.392 -13.932 Td [(Oracles,)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(decay)-250(of,)-250(434;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(revival)-250(of,)-250(386;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(theory)-250(of)-250(their)-250(inspiration,)-250(437)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(and)-250(of)-250(their)-250(cessation,)-250(437,)-250(471;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(that)-250(of)-250(Abonoteichos)-250(defers)-250(to)-250(the)-250(older,)-250(472;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(many)-233(oracles)-233(not)-234(silenced)-233(till)-233(the)-233(reign)-233(of)-233(Constantine,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(473;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(how)-250(an)-250(oracle)-250(was)-250(worked,)-250(474;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(oracles)-250(in)-250(Boeotia,)-250(471)]TJ -21.818 -13.931 Td [(Orphic)-250(mysticism,)-250(the,)-250(427;)]TJ 21.818 -13.932 Td [(influence)-250(of,)-250(on)-250(Virgil,)-250(494;)]TJ 0 -13.932 Td [(on)-250(Mithraism,)-250(600;)]TJ 0 -13.931 Td [(on)-250(belief)-250(in)-250(immortality,)-250(516)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -116.392 0 Td [([635])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 94.574 -13.932 Td [(Osterburken,)-250(remains)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-250(worship)-250(at,)-250(596)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4371 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4372 0 R /Resources 4370 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4341 0 R /Annots [ 4336 0 R 4337 0 R 4342 0 R 4343 0 R 4344 0 R 4345 0 R 4346 0 R 4347 0 R 4348 0 R 4349 0 R 4350 0 R 4351 0 R 4352 0 R 4353 0 R 4354 0 R 4355 0 R 4356 0 R 4357 0 R 4358 0 R 4359 0 R 4360 0 R 4361 0 R 4362 0 R 4363 0 R 4364 0 R 4365 0 R 4366 0 R 4367 0 R 4368 0 R ] >> endobj 4336 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.594 515.808 225.958 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg434) >> >> endobj 4337 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.02 501.865 238.383 511.585] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg448) >> >> endobj 4342 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.227 487.944 289.59 497.686] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg491) >> >> endobj 4343 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [286.241 474.002 302.605 483.875] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg542) >> >> endobj 4344 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.681 460.07 265.045 469.79] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg617) >> >> endobj 4345 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [223.23 446.149 239.594 455.859] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg472) >> >> endobj 4346 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [216.249 419.137 227.158 427.995] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 4347 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [278.365 404.354 294.729 414.064] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg192) >> >> endobj 4348 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [322.023 390.412 338.387 400.132] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg373) >> >> endobj 4349 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [242.005 376.48 258.369 386.353] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg564) >> >> endobj 4350 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.209 342.015 231.118 351.735] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg49) >> >> endobj 4351 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [283.514 314.152 299.878 323.871] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg363) >> >> endobj 4352 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [215.943 300.22 232.307 309.94] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg364) >> >> endobj 4353 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.47 287.15 258.685 296.117] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg364) >> >> endobj 4354 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [257.19 272.356 273.554 282.109] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg371) >> >> endobj 4355 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [179.889 244.493 196.252 254.213] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg434) >> >> endobj 4356 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.743 231.423 201.107 240.281] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg386) >> >> endobj 4357 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [254.441 216.63 270.805 226.35] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg437) >> >> endobj 4358 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [235.645 203.56 252.009 212.418] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg437) >> >> endobj 4359 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [257.463 203.56 273.827 212.418] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg471) >> >> endobj 4360 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [315.936 189.628 332.299 198.486] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg472) >> >> endobj 4361 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 162.147 153.543 171.006] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg473) >> >> endobj 4362 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.958 148.216 275.321 157.074] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg474) >> >> endobj 4363 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.409 134.284 237.772 143.142] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg471) >> >> endobj 4364 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.481 119.491 233.845 129.211] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg427) >> >> endobj 4365 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [240.194 105.559 256.558 115.279] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg494) >> >> endobj 4366 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [201.729 92.489 218.092 101.347] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg600) >> >> endobj 4367 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [246.576 77.696 262.939 87.568] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg516) >> >> endobj 4368 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [307.448 63.775 323.812 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg596) >> >> endobj 4373 0 obj << /D [4371 0 R /XYZ 93.543 77.696 null] >> endobj 4370 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4403 0 obj << /Length 2600 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(789)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Ostia,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(colleges)-250(at,)-250(215;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(cult)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-250(at,)-250(591;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(temple)-250(of)-250(Magna)-250(Mater)-250(at,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 119.367 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -141.185 -13.55 Td [(Otho,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(extravagance)-250(of,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(belief)-250(in)-250(astrology,)-250(45,)-250(448;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(devotion)-250(of)-250(soldiers)-250(to,)-250(50;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(end,)-250(449;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(flattered)-250(by)-250(the)-250(Arval)-250(Brotherhood,)-250(541;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(first)-250(Emperor)-250(who)-250(took)-250(part)-250(in)-250(Isiac)-250(worship,)-250(566)]TJ -21.818 -13.549 Td [(Ovid,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(his)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(womanhood,)-250(77,)-250(142;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(shocked)-250(by)-250(the)-250(influence)-250(of)-250(the)-250(theatre)-250(on)-250(women,)-250(86;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(religion,)-250(532)]TJ -21.818 -18.458 Td [(Pallas,)-227(power)-222(and)-222(insolence)-222(of,)-227(receives)-222(the)-222(adulation)-222(of)-221(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Senate,)-250(his)-250(wealth,)-250(and)-250(his)-250(end,)-250(111)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Panaetius)-250(and)-250(the)-250(Scipionic)-250(circle,)-250(293;)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(modification)-250(of)-250(Stoicism)-250(by,)-250(408;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(abandons)-250(belief)-250(in)-250(immortality,)-250(500;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(rejects)-250(divination,)-250(530;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(little)-250(sympathy)-250(with)-250(popular)-250(religion,)-250(531)]TJ -21.818 -13.549 Td [(Panthea,)-521(mistress)-466(of)-467(L.)-467(Verus,)-520(charms)-467(of,)-521(described)-466(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucian,)-250(115)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Paphlagonia,)-250(superstition)-250(of,)-250(474)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pastophori)-250(of)-250(Isis,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(recognised)-250(by)-250(Sulla,)-250(565;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(scribe)-250(of,)-250(570)]TJ -21.818 -13.549 Td [(Peregrinus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(early)-380(history)-380(of,)-413(connection)-380(with)-380(the)-381(Christians,)-412(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(self-immolation,)-250(354;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Lucian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.294 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(attacks)-250(on)-250(his)-250(character,)-250(354;)]TJ -33.927 -13.55 Td [(assumes)-338(that)-338(the)-338(motive)-338(of)-338(Peregrinus)-337(was)-338(notoriety,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(356;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4402 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4403 0 R /Resources 4401 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4341 0 R /Annots [ 4369 0 R 4374 0 R 4375 0 R 4376 0 R 4377 0 R 4378 0 R 4379 0 R 4380 0 R 4381 0 R 4382 0 R 4383 0 R 4384 0 R 4385 0 R 4386 0 R 4387 0 R 4388 0 R 4389 0 R 4390 0 R 4391 0 R 4392 0 R 4393 0 R 4394 0 R 4395 0 R 4396 0 R 4397 0 R 4398 0 R 4399 0 R ] >> endobj 4369 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [142.215 502.248 158.579 512.12] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg215) >> >> endobj 4374 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [167.066 489.56 183.429 498.571] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg591) >> >> endobj 4375 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.775 475.149 220.989 484.978] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg591) >> >> endobj 4376 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [165.222 448.051 176.131 457.771] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 4377 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.706 434.502 201.615 444.374] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg45) >> >> endobj 4378 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.069 434.502 223.433 444.374] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg448) >> >> endobj 4379 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [193.738 421.814 204.648 430.825] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg50) >> >> endobj 4380 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [127.073 408.265 143.437 417.123] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg449) >> >> endobj 4381 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.346 393.854 263.709 403.727] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg541) >> >> endobj 4382 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [306.135 380.316 322.498 390.178] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg566) >> >> endobj 4383 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [201.004 354.068 211.913 362.927] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg77) >> >> endobj 4384 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.368 354.068 233.731 362.927] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg142) >> >> endobj 4385 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.389 339.657 324.298 349.377] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg86) >> >> endobj 4386 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.469 326.108 192.833 335.981] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg532) >> >> endobj 4387 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.269 294.962 224.633 303.82] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg111) >> >> endobj 4388 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.295 280.562 237.658 290.271] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg293) >> >> endobj 4389 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.989 267.002 234.353 276.722] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg408) >> >> endobj 4390 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [230.098 253.453 246.462 263.325] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg500) >> >> endobj 4391 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [171.309 239.903 187.673 249.776] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg530) >> >> endobj 4392 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [255.866 226.354 272.229 236.227] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg531) >> >> endobj 4393 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [104.339 200.118 120.702 209.129] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg115) >> >> endobj 4394 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.16 185.707 212.524 195.427] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg474) >> >> endobj 4395 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [181.913 158.608 198.277 168.481] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg565) >> >> endobj 4396 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [133.728 145.921 150.091 154.932] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg570) >> >> endobj 4397 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [165.56 105.273 181.924 114.284] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg354) >> >> endobj 4398 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.848 91.724 255.211 100.735] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg354) >> >> endobj 4399 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 64.626 106.771 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg356) >> >> endobj 4401 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4445 0 obj << /Length 3228 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(790)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(Peregrinus)-250(influenced)-250(by)-250(eastern)-250(mysticism,)-250(355;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(character)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Aulus)-250(Gellius,)-250(358)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Pessimism,)]TJ 21.818 -13.712 Td [(of)-250(Seneca,)-250(10,)-250(11,)-250(14,)-250(303,)-250(313;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(of)-250(Tacitus,)-250(30,)-250(46;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Juvenal,)-250(65;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(M.)-250(Aurelius,)-250(304,)-250(335;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(Greek)-250(poets,)-250(416)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Petronius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(shared)-250(in)-250(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 58.472 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Noctes)-250(Neronis,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 70.287 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(75;)]TJ -141.174 -13.712 Td [(various)-550(opinions)-550(as)-549(to)-550(the)-550(date)-550(and)-550(object)-550(of)-549(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.55 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 40.003 0 Td [(,)-250(120;)]TJ -40.003 -13.712 Td [(motive)-250(of)-250(the)-250(work,)-250(122;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(the)-256(Petronius)-257(of)-256(Tacitus,)-258(his)-256(character)-256(and)-257(his)-256(end;)-259(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(Satiricon)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.731 0 Td [(only)-250(a)-250(fragment,)-250(124;)]TJ -42.731 -13.713 Td [(not)-250(without)-250(a)-250(higher)-250(moral)-250(tone,)-250(125;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(originality)-250(of)-250(Petronius,)-250(126;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(the)-250(scene)-250(and)-250(the)-250(characters,)-250(127)]TJ -21.818 -13.713 Td [(Philosophy,)]TJ 21.818 -13.713 Td [(power)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(government,)-250(6;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(Stoic)-250(opposition)-250(in)-250(the)-250(first)-250(century,)-250(39,)-250(151)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(was)-250(it)-250(ever)-250(a)-250(dangerous)-250(force?)-250(40;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(new)-250(ideals)-250(of)-250(humanity,)-250(63;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(elevating)-250(influence)-250(of,)-250(190;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(change)-250(in)-250(the)-250(conception)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(first)-250(century,)-250(289;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(practical)-214(interest)-215(in)-214(predominant,)-221(causes)-215(of)-214(the)-214(change,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(339,)-250(290)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(eclecticism)-250(and)-250(scepticism)-250(in,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 133.014 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(,)-250(408,)-250(412;)]TJ -144.229 -13.713 Td [(necessity)-250(for)-250(moral)-250(reform,)-250(292;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(private)-250(direction)-250(of)-250(souls,)-250(293;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(directors)-250(in)-250(great)-250(houses,)-250(294;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(the)-250(philosopher)-250(a)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 77.869 0 Td [(generis)-250(humani)-250(paedagogus)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 123.021 0 Td [(,)-250(299;)]TJ -200.89 -13.713 Td [(modifications)-250(of)-250(Stoicism)-250(in)-250(Seneca,)-250(314)-250(sqq.,)-250(306;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.713 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(nulla)-250(virtus)-250(sine)-250(philosophia,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.066 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.57 0 Td [(341;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4444 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4445 0 R /Resources 4443 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4341 0 R /Annots [ 4400 0 R 4404 0 R 4405 0 R 4406 0 R 4407 0 R 4408 0 R 4409 0 R 4410 0 R 4411 0 R 4412 0 R 4413 0 R 4414 0 R 4415 0 R 4416 0 R 4417 0 R 4418 0 R 4419 0 R 4420 0 R 4421 0 R 4422 0 R 4423 0 R 4424 0 R 4425 0 R 4426 0 R 4427 0 R 4428 0 R 4429 0 R 4430 0 R 4431 0 R 4432 0 R 4433 0 R 4434 0 R 4435 0 R 4436 0 R 4437 0 R 4438 0 R 4439 0 R 4440 0 R 4441 0 R ] >> endobj 4400 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [332.91 515.797 349.274 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg355) >> >> endobj 4404 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.394 502.946 287.758 511.957] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg358) >> >> endobj 4405 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [185.343 475.52 196.252 484.378] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg10) >> >> endobj 4406 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [201.707 475.52 212.616 484.378] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg11) >> >> endobj 4407 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.07 475.52 228.98 484.378] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg14) >> >> endobj 4408 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.434 475.52 250.798 484.378] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg303) >> >> endobj 4409 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.252 475.52 272.616 484.378] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg313) >> >> endobj 4410 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [186.565 461.807 197.474 470.666] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg30) >> >> endobj 4411 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.929 461.807 213.838 470.666] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg46) >> >> endobj 4412 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [175.961 448.095 186.871 457.105] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg65) >> >> endobj 4413 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [195.358 434.382 211.721 443.393] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg304) >> >> endobj 4414 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.176 434.382 233.54 443.393] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg335) >> >> endobj 4415 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.914 419.818 239.278 429.527] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg416) >> >> endobj 4416 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [278.354 393.243 289.263 402.254] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg75) >> >> endobj 4417 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.638 365.981 199.001 374.839] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg120) >> >> endobj 4418 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.958 352.268 242.321 361.126] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg122) >> >> endobj 4419 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [254.441 324.144 270.805 333.864] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg124) >> >> endobj 4420 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [280.503 310.431 296.867 320.304] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg125) >> >> endobj 4421 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [243.849 296.719 260.212 306.439] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg126) >> >> endobj 4422 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [264.401 283.868 280.765 292.726] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg127) >> >> endobj 4423 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [250.492 255.58 255.947 265.3] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg6) >> >> endobj 4424 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [296.878 241.867 307.787 251.74] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg39) >> >> endobj 4425 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.241 241.867 329.605 251.74] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg151) >> >> endobj 4426 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [272.278 228.154 283.187 237.874] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg40) >> >> endobj 4427 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.743 214.442 255.652 224.162] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg63) >> >> endobj 4428 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [237.761 200.729 254.125 210.449] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg190) >> >> endobj 4429 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [348.957 187.016 365.321 196.736] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg289) >> >> endobj 4430 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 159.765 153.543 169.474] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg339) >> >> endobj 4431 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.998 159.765 175.361 169.474] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg290) >> >> endobj 4432 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [270.194 146.052 281.409 155.87] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg290) >> >> endobj 4433 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [286.863 146.052 303.227 155.87] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg408) >> >> endobj 4434 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.681 146.052 325.045 155.87] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg412) >> >> endobj 4435 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.663 132.328 275.027 142.048] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg292) >> >> endobj 4436 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.409 118.626 267.772 128.335] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg293) >> >> endobj 4437 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.976 104.902 265.339 114.622] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg294) >> >> endobj 4438 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [343.525 91.2 359.888 101.019] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg299) >> >> endobj 4439 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [300.205 77.488 316.568 87.197] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg314) >> >> endobj 4440 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [342.63 77.488 358.994 87.197] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg306) >> >> endobj 4441 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [275.659 63.775 292.023 73.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg341) >> >> endobj 4443 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4478 0 obj << /Length 2466 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(791)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(eclecticism,)-250(343;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(the)-250(Cynic)-250(opposition,)-250(362)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(eclecticism)-250(of)-250(Dion)-250(Chrysostom,)-250(368)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(need)-250(of)-250(a)-250(philosophic)-250(th\351odic\351e,)-250(384;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(effort)-250(of,)-250(to)-250(rehabilitate)-250(myth,)-250(432)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Pheidias,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(the)-250(Olympian)-250(Zeus)-250(of,)-250(380;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-362(defence)-361(of)-362(anthropomorphism)-362(in)-362(D.)-361(Chrysostom,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(382)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Pisa,)-250(disturbance)-250(at)-250(elections)-250(in,)-250(212)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Piso,)-250(the)-250(conspiracy)-250(of,)-250(47)-250(sq.)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(Platonism,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(few)-250(adherents)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(first)-250(century,)-250(408;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(affected)-250(Panaetius,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 85.123 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -96.338 -13.702 Td [(and)-250(Seneca,)-250(308;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(and)-250(Plutarch,)-250(409;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(its)-250(daemonology,)-250(430;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(encouraged)-250(belief)-250(in)-250(immortality,)-250(501;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(visionary)-250(power)-250(of)-250(the)-250(great)-250(Master,)-250(523;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(influence)-250(on)-250(Mithraism,)-250(600)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Plebeian)-250(life,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(picture)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Petronius,)-250(132)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(inscriptions,)-250(252)-250(sq.,)-250(271)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Pliny,)-250(the)-250(elder,)]TJ 21.818 -13.702 Td [(on)-250(Roman)-250(luxury,)-250(67,)-250(68;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(care)-250(of)-250(his)-250(nephew,)-250(145;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(life,)-250(character,)-250(and)-250(prodigious)-250(industry)-250(of,)-250(146;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(scorn)-250(for)-250(popular)-250(religion,)-250(535;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(superstition)-250(of,)-250(451;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(rejection)-250(of)-250(immortality,)-250(502;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(on)-250(town)-250(life)-250(in)-250(Spain)-250(and)-250(Gaul,)-250(201)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(description)-250(of)-250(baths)-250(of)-250(Posides,)-250(112;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(Stertinii,)-250(224)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Pliny,)-250(the)-250(younger,)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4477 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4478 0 R /Resources 4476 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4341 0 R /Annots [ 4442 0 R 4446 0 R 4447 0 R 4448 0 R 4449 0 R 4450 0 R 4451 0 R 4452 0 R 4453 0 R 4454 0 R 4455 0 R 4456 0 R 4457 0 R 4458 0 R 4459 0 R 4460 0 R 4461 0 R 4462 0 R 4463 0 R 4464 0 R 4465 0 R 4466 0 R 4467 0 R 4468 0 R 4469 0 R 4470 0 R 4471 0 R 4472 0 R 4473 0 R 4474 0 R ] >> endobj 4442 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [144.942 516.659 161.306 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg343) >> >> endobj 4446 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [186.778 502.094 203.142 511.814] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg362) >> >> endobj 4447 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.764 488.392 253.127 498.112] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg368) >> >> endobj 4448 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.015 474.7 250.378 484.409] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg384) >> >> endobj 4449 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.811 460.986 239.175 470.706] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg432) >> >> endobj 4450 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [191.306 433.581 207.669 443.301] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg380) >> >> endobj 4451 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 408.566 106.771 416.049] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg382) >> >> endobj 4452 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.302 393.489 227.666 402.347] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg212) >> >> endobj 4453 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.426 378.924 184.335 388.644] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg47) >> >> endobj 4454 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [254.306 351.519 270.669 361.239] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg408) >> >> endobj 4455 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [175.531 338.678 186.746 347.645] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg408) >> >> endobj 4456 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.237 324.975 161.6 333.834] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg308) >> >> endobj 4457 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [150.702 311.273 167.066 320.131] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg409) >> >> endobj 4458 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [168.288 296.708 184.651 306.428] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg430) >> >> endobj 4459 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [239.175 283.006 255.538 292.878] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg501) >> >> endobj 4460 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.884 269.303 268.248 279.176] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg523) >> >> endobj 4461 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [198.277 256.462 214.64 265.321] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg600) >> >> endobj 4462 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [195.855 228.206 212.218 237.915] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg132) >> >> endobj 4463 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.048 214.504 190.411 224.365] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg252) >> >> endobj 4464 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.018 214.504 227.382 224.365] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg271) >> >> endobj 4465 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.226 187.087 183.135 196.807] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg67) >> >> endobj 4466 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [188.589 187.087 199.499 196.807] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg68) >> >> endobj 4467 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.953 173.396 194.317 183.258] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg145) >> >> endobj 4468 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [276.735 159.682 293.098 169.402] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg146) >> >> endobj 4469 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.658 145.98 224.022 155.852] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg535) >> >> endobj 4470 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.589 132.288 174.953 142.15] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg451) >> >> endobj 4471 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [200.098 118.574 216.462 128.447] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg502) >> >> endobj 4472 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.793 104.883 246.157 114.592] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg201) >> >> endobj 4473 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.793 91.18 246.157 100.889] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg112) >> >> endobj 4474 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [160.717 78.328 177.08 87.186] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg224) >> >> endobj 4476 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4514 0 obj << /Length 2968 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(792)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(ideal)-250(of)-250(the)-250(principate)-250(in)-250(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 125.432 0 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 44.836 0 Td [(,)-250(43;)]TJ -170.268 -13.713 Td [(compared)-250(with)-250(Juvenal)-250(as)-250(a)-250(painter)-250(of)-250(society,)-250(141;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(idealised)-250(his)-250(circle,)-250(142,)-250(185;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(his)-250(blameless)-250(aristocrats,)-250(144;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(early)-250(life)-250(of,)-250(influence)-250(of)-250(Quintilian)-250(on,)-250(149;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(student)-250(friends,)-250(150;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(admiration)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Stoic)-250(circle,)-250(151;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(military)-366(service,)-394(and)-366(entrance)-366(on)-366(forensic)-366(work,)-394(153)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(the)-250(Centumviral)-250(court,)-250(154)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(sketch)-250(of)-250(Regulus,)-250(155)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(passion)-250(for)-250(fame,)-250(157;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(literary)-250(amateurs,)-250(157;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(befriends)-250(Martial,)-250(158;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(admiration)-250(for)-250(Cicero,)-250(and)-250(for)-250(Greece,)-250(158;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(loose)-250(verses,)-250(159;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(ideas)-250(of)-250(oratory,)-250(160;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(value)-250(of)-250(his)-250(Letters,)-250(161,)-250(163;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(imitated)-250(in)-250(fourth)-250(century,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 117.261 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -128.476 -13.713 Td [(their)-250(principle)-250(of)-250(arrangement,)-250(and)-250(date,)-250(162;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(devotion)-250(to)-250(literature,)-250(164;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(admiration)-250(for)-250(Tacitus,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 103.014 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -114.229 -13.713 Td [(his)-250(judgment)-250(of)-250(Silius)-250(Italicus,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 136.374 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -147.588 -13.713 Td [(theory)-250(of)-250(life,)-250(165;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(literary)-250(coteries,)-250(Greek)-250(verse)-250(writing,)-250(166;)]TJ 0 -13.712 Td [(writers)-250(of)-250(history,)-250(167;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(literary)-250(competitions,)-250(171;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(the)-242(plague)-243(of)-242(recitations;)-245(Pliny)-242(gives)-242(readings)-242(himself,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-165(punctually)-166(attends)-165(them:)-208(his)-165(estimate)-166(of)-165(their)-165(value,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(173;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(weariness)-250(of)-250(the)-250(capital)-250(and)-250(love)-250(of)-250(the)-250(country,)-250(174;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(not)-250(a)-250(sportsman,)-250(175;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(pictures)-250(of)-250(Roman)-250(country)-250(seats,)-250(175;)]TJ 0 -13.713 Td [(routine)-250(of)-250(country)-250(life,)-250(179;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4513 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4514 0 R /Resources 4512 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4341 0 R /Annots [ 4475 0 R 4479 0 R 4480 0 R 4481 0 R 4482 0 R 4483 0 R 4484 0 R 4485 0 R 4486 0 R 4487 0 R 4488 0 R 4489 0 R 4490 0 R 4491 0 R 4492 0 R 4493 0 R 4494 0 R 4495 0 R 4496 0 R 4497 0 R 4498 0 R 4499 0 R 4500 0 R 4501 0 R 4502 0 R 4503 0 R 4504 0 R 4505 0 R 4506 0 R 4507 0 R 4508 0 R 4509 0 R 4510 0 R ] >> endobj 4475 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [312.903 515.808 323.812 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg43) >> >> endobj 4479 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [341.681 502.084 358.045 511.804] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg141) >> >> endobj 4480 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [223.83 489.233 240.194 498.244] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg142) >> >> endobj 4481 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.649 489.233 262.012 498.244] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg185) >> >> endobj 4482 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.681 475.52 265.045 484.378] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg144) >> >> endobj 4483 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.998 460.946 328.361 470.666] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg149) >> >> endobj 4484 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.172 448.095 223.536 457.105] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg150) >> >> endobj 4485 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [269.889 434.382 286.252 443.393] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg151) >> >> endobj 4486 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [357.81 419.807 374.173 429.68] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg153) >> >> endobj 4487 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.383 392.556 254.747 402.418] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg154) >> >> endobj 4488 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.809 378.832 237.172 388.705] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg155) >> >> endobj 4489 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [215.343 365.13 231.707 374.992] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg157) >> >> endobj 4490 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [216.249 351.406 232.612 361.279] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg157) >> >> endobj 4491 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.07 338.555 234.434 347.566] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg158) >> >> endobj 4492 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [307.427 324.843 323.79 333.853] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg158) >> >> endobj 4493 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.11 311.13 227.474 320.141] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg159) >> >> endobj 4494 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.1 296.555 227.463 306.275] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg160) >> >> endobj 4495 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.558 283.704 242.921 292.562] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg161) >> >> endobj 4496 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.376 283.704 264.739 292.562] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg163) >> >> endobj 4497 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [254.441 269.129 265.656 278.958] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg163) >> >> endobj 4498 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [315.314 255.416 331.678 265.136] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg162) >> >> endobj 4499 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [249.598 242.565 265.961 251.424] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg164) >> >> endobj 4500 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [240.194 228.853 251.409 237.82] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg164) >> >> endobj 4501 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.554 214.278 284.768 224.107] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg164) >> >> endobj 4502 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.591 200.565 215.954 210.438] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg165) >> >> endobj 4503 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [302.889 186.852 319.252 196.572] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg166) >> >> endobj 4504 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.776 173.139 234.14 182.859] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg167) >> >> endobj 4505 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [233.234 159.426 249.598 169.146] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg171) >> >> endobj 4506 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 119.477 153.543 128.335] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg173) >> >> endobj 4507 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [349.252 104.902 365.616 114.622] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg174) >> >> endobj 4508 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.721 91.2 228.085 101.062] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg175) >> >> endobj 4509 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [283.219 77.477 299.583 87.349] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg175) >> >> endobj 4510 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.678 63.764 255.041 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg179) >> >> endobj 4512 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4552 0 obj << /Length 2924 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(793)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(management)-250(of)-250(rural)-250(estates,)-250(180;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.387 0 Td [([636])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -247.387 -13.703 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(kindness)-250(to)-250(slaves)-250(and)-250(dependents,)-250(181;)]TJ -26.673 -13.702 Td [(view)-250(of)-250(suicide,)-250(183;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Corellius)-250(Rufus,)-250(184;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-269(belief)-270(in)-269(the)-269(solidarity)-270(of)-269(rank,)-274(and)-270(the)-269(duty)-269(of)]TJ -26.673 -13.55 Td [(mutual)-250(support,)-250(186;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(superstition,)-250(452,)-250(490;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(delight)-250(in)-250(helping)-250(young)-250(men)-250(of)-250(the)-250(upper)-250(class,)-250(187;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(love)-250(for)-250(Calpurnia,)-250(and)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(girlhood,)-250(188,)-250(189;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(last)-250(glimpse)-250(of)-250(Pliny)-250(and)-250(Calpurnia,)-250(189;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(he)-250(represents)-250(the)-250(finest)-250(moral)-250(tone)-250(of)-250(the)-250(age,)-250(190;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(many)-250(benefactions)-250(and)-250(their)-250(amount,)-250(193,)-250(224)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Plutarch,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(duties)-250(of)-250(municipal)-250(life,)-250(247;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(early)-250(history)-250(of,)-250(401;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(friends)-250(of,)-250(at)-250(Rome,)-250(402;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(love)-250(of)-250(Chaeronea,)-250(and)-250(Delphi,)-250(403;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(visits)-250(to)-250(other)-250(parts)-250(of)-250(Greece,)-250(403;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(table)-250(talk)-250(of,)-250(404;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(historic)-250(power,)-250(406;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(ethical)-250(motive)-250(in,)-250(predominant,)-250(405;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(admiration)-250(for)-250(Plato,)-250(409;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(eclecticism,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 54.534 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -65.749 -13.703 Td [(attacks)-250(Stoic)-250(psychology,)-250(410;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(adopts)-250(some)-250(Aristotelian)-250(principles,)-250(412;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(yet)-250(has)-250(many)-250(Stoic)-250(elements,)-250(414;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(his)-250(treatment)-250(of)-250(Fate)-250(and)-250(free-will,)-250(412;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(ideal)-250(of)-250(moral)-250(teaching,)-250(413;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(conception)-250(of)-250(theology,)-250(417;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(idea)-250(of)-250(God,)-250(418;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(of)-250(matter)-250(and)-250(evil,)-250(419;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(treatment)-250(of)-250(myth)-250(and)-250(religious)-250(symbol,)-250(423;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(daemonology,)-250(430)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(used)-250(to)-250(rehabilitate)-250(myth,)-250(432;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4551 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4552 0 R /Resources 4550 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4554 0 R /Annots [ 4511 0 R 4515 0 R 4516 0 R 4517 0 R 4518 0 R 4519 0 R 4520 0 R 4521 0 R 4522 0 R 4523 0 R 4524 0 R 4525 0 R 4526 0 R 4527 0 R 4528 0 R 4529 0 R 4530 0 R 4531 0 R 4532 0 R 4533 0 R 4534 0 R 4535 0 R 4536 0 R 4537 0 R 4538 0 R 4539 0 R 4540 0 R 4541 0 R 4542 0 R 4543 0 R 4544 0 R 4545 0 R 4546 0 R 4547 0 R 4548 0 R ] >> endobj 4511 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.557 515.797 234.92 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg180) >> >> endobj 4515 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [278.578 502.094 294.942 511.847] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg181) >> >> endobj 4516 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [162.517 489.254 178.88 498.112] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg183) >> >> endobj 4517 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [164.655 475.551 181.019 484.409] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg184) >> >> endobj 4518 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [161.622 447.448 177.986 457.157] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg186) >> >> endobj 4519 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [162.233 433.746 178.597 443.607] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg452) >> >> endobj 4520 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.051 433.746 200.415 443.607] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg490) >> >> endobj 4521 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [303.724 420.032 320.087 429.752] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg187) >> >> endobj 4522 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [272.502 406.329 288.866 416.049] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg188) >> >> endobj 4523 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [294.32 406.329 310.684 416.049] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg189) >> >> endobj 4524 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [250.106 392.627 266.469 402.347] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg189) >> >> endobj 4525 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.571 378.924 307.935 388.644] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg190) >> >> endobj 4526 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [270.08 365.222 286.444 374.942] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg193) >> >> endobj 4527 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.898 365.222 308.262 374.942] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg224) >> >> endobj 4528 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [227.066 337.827 243.429 347.536] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg247) >> >> endobj 4529 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [162.517 324.114 178.88 333.834] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg401) >> >> endobj 4530 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [180.091 311.273 196.455 320.131] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg402) >> >> endobj 4531 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.466 296.719 245.829 306.428] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg403) >> >> endobj 4532 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.622 283.017 240.986 292.726] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg403) >> >> endobj 4533 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [147.975 270.165 164.339 279.023] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg404) >> >> endobj 4534 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [174.037 255.611 190.4 265.321] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg406) >> >> endobj 4535 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.793 241.909 246.157 251.771] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg405) >> >> endobj 4536 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [183.735 229.057 200.098 237.915] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg409) >> >> endobj 4537 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [144.942 215.355 156.157 224.322] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg409) >> >> endobj 4538 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.342 200.79 220.706 210.51] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg410) >> >> endobj 4539 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [250.095 187.098 266.458 196.807] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg412) >> >> endobj 4540 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.095 173.385 236.458 183.105] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg414) >> >> endobj 4541 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [244.618 160.544 260.982 169.402] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg412) >> >> endobj 4542 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.749 145.98 213.113 155.7] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg413) >> >> endobj 4543 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [196.455 132.277 212.818 141.997] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg417) >> >> endobj 4544 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [147.364 119.436 163.728 128.294] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg418) >> >> endobj 4545 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.12 105.734 189.484 114.592] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg419) >> >> endobj 4546 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [268.28 91.169 284.644 100.889] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg423) >> >> endobj 4547 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [155.251 77.466 171.615 87.186] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg430) >> >> endobj 4548 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.037 63.764 220.4 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg432) >> >> endobj 4553 0 obj << /D [4551 0 R /XYZ 160.695 518.175 null] >> endobj 4550 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4584 0 obj << /Length 3150 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(794)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(interest)-250(in)-250(Delphi,)-250(435)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(theory)-250(of)-250(inspiration,)-250(439;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(future)-250(state,)-250(496)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(on)-250(comfort)-250(in)-250(the)-250(Mysteries,)-250(516;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(Consolation)-263(to)-263(his)-262(wife)-263(on)-263(the)-263(death)-263(of)-263(their)-262(daughter,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(520)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(arguments)-250(for)-250(immortality,)-250(521)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(visions)-250(of)-250(the)-250(future)-250(world,)-250(523)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(reference)-250(to)-250(Mithra)-250(as)-250(a)-250(mediator,)-250(590;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(first)-250(appearance)-250(of)-250(Mithraism)-250(in)-250(Europe,)-250(590;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(tales)-250(of)-250(ghosts)-250(at)-250(Chaeronea,)-250(490)]TJ -21.818 -13.718 Td [(Politta,)-255(wife)-253(of)-254(Rubellius)-254(Plautus,)-254(courage)-254(and)-254(devotion)-253(of,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(49)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(Polybius,)-296(freedman)-286(minister)-286(of)-287(Claudius,)-295(life)-287(of,)-295(described)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-250(Seneca,)-250(108)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(Polybius,)-250(the)-250(historian,)-250(his)-250(attitude)-250(to)-250(Roman)-250(religion,)-250(531)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(Pompeii,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(situation)-250(and)-250(various)-250(industries)-250(of,)-250(223;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(family)-420(of)-421(the)-420(Holconii,)-463(Eumachia,)-463(their)-421(gifts)-420(to)-420(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(town,)-250(223;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(amphitheatre)-250(and)-250(temple)-250(of)-250(Isis)-250(at,)-250(224,)-250(563;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(election)-250(placards)-250(at,)-250(211;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(tombs)-250(of)-250(Alexandrian)-250(traders)-250(at,)-250(567;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(colleges)-250(of)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(late)-250(sleepers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 53.618 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.48 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(late)-250(drinkers)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 54.229 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(at,)-250(265)]TJ -223.265 -13.719 Td [(Pontifex)-250(Maximus,)-250(the,)-250(534;)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(office)-250(held)-250(by)-250(the)-250(Emperors,)-250(its)-250(power,)-250(535)]TJ -21.818 -13.719 Td [(Poppaea,)-250(her)-250(sympathy)-250(with)-250(Judaism,)-250(83)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(Post,)-250(the)-250(public,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(organisation)-250(of,)-250(206;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(use)-250(of,)-250(for)-250(Calpurnia,)-250(189)]TJ -48.49 -13.718 Td [(Poverty,)]TJ 21.818 -13.719 Td [(contempt)-250(for,)-250(104;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(common)-250(in)-250(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 85.451 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(time,)-250(94;)]TJ -89.083 -13.719 Td [(D.)-250(Chrysostom)-250(on,)-250(375)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4583 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4584 0 R /Resources 4582 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4554 0 R /Annots [ 4549 0 R 4555 0 R 4556 0 R 4557 0 R 4558 0 R 4559 0 R 4560 0 R 4561 0 R 4562 0 R 4563 0 R 4564 0 R 4565 0 R 4566 0 R 4567 0 R 4568 0 R 4569 0 R 4570 0 R 4571 0 R 4572 0 R 4573 0 R 4574 0 R 4575 0 R 4576 0 R 4577 0 R 4578 0 R 4579 0 R 4580 0 R 4581 0 R ] >> endobj 4549 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.387 515.808 234.75 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg435) >> >> endobj 4555 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.718 502.078 248.081 511.798] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg439) >> >> endobj 4556 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.103 488.371 237.467 498.08] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg496) >> >> endobj 4557 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [263.834 474.641 280.198 484.514] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg516) >> >> endobj 4558 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 447.385 153.543 457.246] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg520) >> >> endobj 4559 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [257.779 433.655 274.143 443.528] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg521) >> >> endobj 4560 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.379 419.948 274.743 429.809] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg523) >> >> endobj 4561 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [287.736 407.08 304.099 416.091] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg590) >> >> endobj 4562 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [347.136 392.511 363.499 402.372] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg590) >> >> endobj 4563 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [265.034 378.781 281.398 388.501] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg490) >> >> endobj 4564 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 353.652 126.271 361.234] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg49) >> >> endobj 4565 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [165.347 324.246 181.711 333.966] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg108) >> >> endobj 4566 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [354.466 310.527 370.83 320.4] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg531) >> >> endobj 4567 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [290.507 283.952 306.87 292.81] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg223) >> >> endobj 4568 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [164.452 256.685 180.816 265.543] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg223) >> >> endobj 4569 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [290.79 242.115 307.154 251.977] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg224) >> >> endobj 4570 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [312.608 242.115 328.972 251.977] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg563) >> >> endobj 4571 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.852 228.397 243.216 238.106] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg211) >> >> endobj 4572 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [280.787 215.529 297.15 224.54] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg567) >> >> endobj 4573 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [351.958 200.949 368.321 210.821] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg265) >> >> endobj 4574 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.514 188.092 236.878 197.103] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg534) >> >> endobj 4575 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [310.176 173.512 326.539 183.385] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg535) >> >> endobj 4576 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [282.925 159.793 293.834 169.513] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg83) >> >> endobj 4577 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.383 132.356 224.747 142.076] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 4578 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [266.561 118.638 282.925 128.391] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg189) >> >> endobj 4579 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [198.685 91.212 215.049 100.921] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg104) >> >> endobj 4580 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.085 78.344 268.994 87.235] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg94) >> >> endobj 4581 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.336 63.764 238.7 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg375) >> >> endobj 4582 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4615 0 obj << /Length 2405 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(795)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Prayer,)]TJ 21.818 -13.743 Td [(an)-250(effort)-250(of)-250(adoration,)-250(394;)]TJ 0 -13.742 Td [(a)-250(colloquy)-250(with)-250(God,)-250(420)]TJ -21.818 -13.743 Td [(Preachers,)-250(the)-250(philosophic,)]TJ 21.818 -13.743 Td [(Apollonius,)-250(347;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(Musonius,)-250(348;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(Maximus)-250(of)-250(Tyre,)-250(349;)]TJ 0 -13.742 Td [(Dion)-250(Chrysostom,)-250(370)-250(sqq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.743 Td [(Prudentius,)-250(description)-250(of)-250(the)-250(taurobolium)-250(by,)-250(558)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(Public)-250(works,)]TJ 21.818 -13.743 Td [(mismanagement)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Bithynia,)-250(220)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(curator)-250(of,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 48.163 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -59.378 -13.742 Td [(undertaken)-189(by)-189(private)-189(persons,)-201(evidence)-189(of)-188(inscriptions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(on,)-250(225)-250(sq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.743 Td [(Pythagoreanism,)]TJ 21.818 -13.743 Td [(not)-250(extinct)-250(in)-250(the)-250(first)-250(century)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 132.109 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-250(398;)]TJ -147.183 -13.743 Td [(daemonology)-250(of,)-250(428;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(influence)-250(of,)-250(on)-250(Virgil,)-250(493)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.742 Td [(on)-250(Seneca,)-250(515;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(connection)-250(with)-250(the)-250(Mysteries,)-250(516;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(spiritual)-250(influence)-250(of,)-250(517;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(influence)-250(on)-250(the)-250(mythology)-250(of)-250(Egypt,)-250(562;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(and)-250(on)-250(Mithraism,)-250(600)]TJ -21.818 -19.971 Td [(Quintilian,)]TJ 21.818 -13.743 Td [(career)-250(of,)-250(as)-250(a)-250(teacher,)-250(and)-250(high)-250(moral)-250(influence,)-250(149;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(treats)-250(immortality)-250(as)-250(an)-250(open)-250(question,)-250(502)]TJ -21.818 -19.971 Td [(Readings,)]TJ 21.818 -13.743 Td [(the)-250(plague)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Juvenal,)-250(59,)-250(95;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(in)-250(Pliny,)-250(160,)-250(173;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(in)-250(Martial,)-250(61)]TJ -21.818 -13.743 Td [(Regulus,)-250(M.)-250(Aquilius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.742 Td [(career)-250(of,)-250(as)-250(delator,)-250(37;)]TJ 0 -13.743 Td [(as)-250(pleader,)-250(his)-250(wealth,)-250(and)-250(eccentricities,)-250(155,)-250(156)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4614 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4615 0 R /Resources 4613 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4554 0 R /Annots [ 4585 0 R 4586 0 R 4587 0 R 4588 0 R 4589 0 R 4590 0 R 4591 0 R 4592 0 R 4593 0 R 4594 0 R 4595 0 R 4596 0 R 4597 0 R 4598 0 R 4599 0 R 4600 0 R 4601 0 R 4602 0 R 4603 0 R 4604 0 R 4605 0 R 4606 0 R 4607 0 R 4608 0 R 4609 0 R 4610 0 R 4611 0 R 4612 0 R ] >> endobj 4585 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [188.862 502.916 205.226 511.774] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg394) >> >> endobj 4586 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [185.251 488.311 201.615 498.031] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg420) >> >> endobj 4587 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [144.353 460.837 160.717 470.546] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg347) >> >> endobj 4588 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [138.899 447.945 155.262 456.803] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg348) >> >> endobj 4589 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.215 433.34 188.579 443.06] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg349) >> >> endobj 4590 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.142 419.597 189.506 429.317] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg370) >> >> endobj 4591 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [272.218 405.855 288.582 415.727] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg558) >> >> endobj 4592 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [233.437 378.369 249.8 388.089] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg220) >> >> endobj 4593 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [138.571 365.488 149.786 374.455] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg220) >> >> endobj 4594 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [106.771 337.345 123.135 347.207] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg225) >> >> endobj 4595 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [243.045 309.849 259.409 319.569] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg398) >> >> endobj 4596 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [167.066 296.106 183.429 305.826] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg428) >> >> endobj 4597 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [193.422 282.363 209.786 292.083] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg493) >> >> endobj 4598 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [140.393 269.482 156.757 278.493] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg515) >> >> endobj 4599 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [227.666 254.878 244.029 264.75] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg516) >> >> endobj 4600 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [186.757 241.146 203.12 251.008] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg517) >> >> endobj 4601 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.76 227.392 273.124 237.265] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg562) >> >> endobj 4602 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.437 214.511 189.8 223.369] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg600) >> >> endobj 4603 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [305.48 179.935 321.844 189.655] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg149) >> >> endobj 4604 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [262.215 166.192 278.578 176.065] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg502) >> >> endobj 4605 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.815 132.478 213.724 142.35] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg59) >> >> endobj 4606 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [219.178 132.478 230.088 142.35] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg95) >> >> endobj 4607 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [130.117 118.735 146.48 128.455] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg160) >> >> endobj 4608 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [151.935 118.735 168.299 128.455] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg173) >> >> endobj 4609 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [139.193 105.854 150.102 114.712] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg61) >> >> endobj 4610 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [181.88 78.368 192.789 87.227] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg37) >> >> endobj 4611 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.269 63.775 287.633 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg155) >> >> endobj 4612 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [293.087 63.775 309.451 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg156) >> >> endobj 4613 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4651 0 obj << /Length 3104 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(796)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Religion,)-250(old)-250(Roman,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(decay)-250(of,)-250(from)-250(the)-250(second)-250(Punic)-250(War,)-250(529;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-250(causes,)-250(530;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(attitude)-250(to,)-250(of)-250(Varro,)-250(Panaetius,)-250(Polybius,)-250(531;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Augustan)-250(restoration)-250(of,)-250(533;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(conservative)-250(influence)-250(of)-250(the)-250(chief)-250(pontificate,)-250(535;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(early)-250(emperors)-250(continue)-250(the)-250(Augustan)-250(policy,)-250(536;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reverence)-178(for)-178(the)-177(oldest)-178(Latin)-178(deities)-178(in)-178(the)-177(inscriptions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(538;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Jupiter,)-250(543;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hercules,)-250(Silvanus,)-250(and)-250(the)-250(Nymphs,)-250(539;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(revival)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Arval)-250(Brotherhood,)-250(540)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(feeling)-250(of)-250(the)-250(educated)-250(to,)-250(544;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(real)-250(strength)-250(of,)-250(545;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(last)-250(champions)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(fourth)-250(century,)-250(546;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(its)-218(formalism)-218(compared)-218(with)-218(the)-218(eastern)-218(worships,)-224(554)]TJ -21.818 -18.459 Td [(Scepticism,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(from)-250(the)-250(second)-250(Punic)-250(War,)-250(530;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-224(scepticism)-225(of)-225(the)-224(elder)-225(Pliny,)-229(Seneca,)-230(Juvenal,)-229(etc.,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(535)]TJ -21.818 -13.549 Td [(Seleucus,)-250(an)-250(astrologer)-250(of)-250(Otho,)-250(448)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Senate,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.549 Td [(prestige)-250(and)-250(ancient)-250(claims)-250(of,)-250(38;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hated)-250(and)-250(feared)-250(by)-250(bad)-250(princes,)-250(38,)-250(39;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(respect)-250(for,)-250(under)-250(good)-250(Emperors,)-250(39;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(theoretical)-250(position)-250(of,)-250(under)-250(the)-250(Empire,)-250(41,)-250(42;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 6.971 0 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.564 0 Td [(throws)-250(light)-250(on,)-250(44;)]TJ -81.207 -13.55 Td [(moral)-250(degradation)-250(of,)-250(shown)-250(in)-250(69)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 153.01 0 Td [(A.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.978 0 Td [(,)-250(50;)]TJ -168.988 -13.549 Td [(poverty)-250(of)-250(many)-250(great)-250(houses,)-250(51,)-250(71;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(insults)-250(heaped)-250(on,)-250(by)-250(Emperors,)-250(51;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reduction)-250(of)-250(its)-250(numbers)-250(by)-250(massacre)-250(etc.,)-250(71;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf -116.392 0 Td [([637])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 116.392 -13.549 Td [(great)-250(families)-250(pensioned)-250(by)-250(Emperors,)-250(71;)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Senators)-318(compelled)-318(to)-318(act)-318(and)-318(fight)-318(as)-317(gladiators,)-335(73,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(74;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4650 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4651 0 R /Resources 4649 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4554 0 R /Annots [ 4616 0 R 4617 0 R 4618 0 R 4619 0 R 4620 0 R 4621 0 R 4622 0 R 4623 0 R 4624 0 R 4625 0 R 4626 0 R 4627 0 R 4628 0 R 4629 0 R 4630 0 R 4631 0 R 4632 0 R 4633 0 R 4634 0 R 4635 0 R 4636 0 R 4637 0 R 4638 0 R 4639 0 R 4640 0 R 4641 0 R 4642 0 R 4643 0 R 4644 0 R 4645 0 R 4646 0 R 4647 0 R ] >> endobj 4616 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [304.71 502.248 321.074 512.12] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg529) >> >> endobj 4617 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.143 489.56 200.507 498.571] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg530) >> >> endobj 4618 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [320.201 475.149 336.565 485.022] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg531) >> >> endobj 4619 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.649 461.6 262.012 471.473] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg533) >> >> endobj 4620 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [342.881 448.062 359.245 457.924] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg535) >> >> endobj 4621 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [338.659 434.502 355.023 444.374] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg536) >> >> endobj 4622 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 408.265 153.543 417.276] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg538) >> >> endobj 4623 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.329 393.865 188.692 403.727] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg543) >> >> endobj 4624 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [301.405 380.305 317.768 390.178] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg539) >> >> endobj 4625 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [286.241 366.767 302.605 376.628] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg540) >> >> endobj 4626 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [253.514 353.207 269.878 363.079] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg544) >> >> endobj 4627 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.678 339.657 225.041 349.53] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg545) >> >> endobj 4628 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [314.43 326.108 330.794 335.981] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg546) >> >> endobj 4629 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [357.81 312.57 374.173 322.432] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg554) >> >> endobj 4630 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [262.001 281.413 278.365 290.424] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg530) >> >> endobj 4631 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 255.689 153.543 263.325] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg535) >> >> endobj 4632 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.063 239.903 274.427 249.623] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg448) >> >> endobj 4633 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [272.91 212.805 283.819 222.525] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg38) >> >> endobj 4634 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [281.07 199.256 291.979 208.976] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg38) >> >> endobj 4635 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [297.434 199.256 308.343 208.976] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg39) >> >> endobj 4636 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [288.958 185.707 299.867 195.427] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg39) >> >> endobj 4637 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [319.579 172.168 330.488 181.877] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg41) >> >> endobj 4638 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [335.943 172.168 346.852 181.877] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg42) >> >> endobj 4639 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [289.907 158.608 300.816 168.361] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg44) >> >> endobj 4640 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.623 145.059 322.532 154.932] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg50) >> >> endobj 4641 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.699 131.51 282.609 141.383] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg51) >> >> endobj 4642 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [288.063 131.51 298.972 141.383] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg71) >> >> endobj 4643 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [279.892 117.961 290.801 127.833] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg51) >> >> endobj 4644 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [323.507 104.411 334.416 114.131] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg71) >> >> endobj 4645 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [308.059 90.862 318.968 100.582] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg71) >> >> endobj 4646 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [360.537 77.313 371.446 87.033] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg73) >> >> endobj 4647 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 64.626 148.089 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg74) >> >> endobj 4652 0 obj << /D [4650 0 R /XYZ 302.605 106.79 null] >> endobj 4649 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4693 0 obj << /Length 2834 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(797)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(scorn)-250(of,)-250(for)-250(freedmen,)-250(113;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(frivolity)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 87.283 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(time,)-250(185;)]TJ -90.916 -13.708 Td [(senatorial)-250(life)-250(in)-250(the)-250(country,)-250(174)-250(sqq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Seneca,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(his)-250(experience)-250(of)-250(the)-250(tyranny,)-250(7,)-250(8;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(sad)-250(close)-250(of)-250(his)-250(life,)-250(9;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(knowledge)-250(of)-250(character,)-250(how)-250(acquired,)-250(9;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(conception)-205(of)-206(the)-205(state)-206(of)-205(nature,)-214(and)-206(pessimism)-205(of,)-214(10,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(11,)-250(14,)-250(304,)-250(313;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(ghastly)-250(picture)-250(of)-250(high)-250(society,)-250(11;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(of)-250(slavery,)-250(12,)-250(329;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(his)-250(terrors,)-250(13;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(philosophic)-250(revolutionaries,)-250(15;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(conception)-250(of)-250(imperial)-250(power,)-250(16;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(ideal)-250(of)-250(female)-250(character)-250(and)-250(capacity,)-250(188;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(anticipates)-250(the)-250(movement)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Antonine)-250(age,)-250(190;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(as)-250(a)-250(spiritual)-250(director,)-250(294;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(his)-250(undoubted)-250(power,)-250(295;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(his)-250(experience)-250(prepared)-250(him)-250(for)-250(the)-250(work,)-250(296)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(his)-250(court-life)-250(and)-250(wealth,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 111.796 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -123.01 -13.708 Td [(contrasts)-250(in,)-250(297;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(calumnies)-250(against,)-250(298;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(conception)-250(of)-250(the)-250(great)-250(office)-250(of)-250(philosophy,)-250(299;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(liberal)-250(studies,)-250(300;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(treatment)-301(of)-301(Physics,)-314(the)-302(moral)-301(effects)-301(and)-301(lessons)-301(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-250(study,)-250(301)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(intense)-250(earnestness)-250(of,)-250(304;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(defends)-250(and)-250(quotes)-250(Epicurus,)-250(306;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(yet)-250(often)-250(a)-250(Stoic)-250(dogmatist,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 122.421 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -133.636 -13.708 Td [(conception)-250(of)-250(God,)-250(307,)-250(390;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(influenced)-250(by)-250(Platonism,)-250(308;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(his)-250(psychology,)-250(308)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(necessity)-250(and)-250(conversion,)-250(311;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(the)-250(fall)-250(of)-250(man,)-250(312;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4692 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4693 0 R /Resources 4691 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4554 0 R /Annots [ 4648 0 R 4653 0 R 4654 0 R 4655 0 R 4656 0 R 4657 0 R 4658 0 R 4659 0 R 4660 0 R 4661 0 R 4662 0 R 4663 0 R 4664 0 R 4665 0 R 4666 0 R 4667 0 R 4668 0 R 4669 0 R 4670 0 R 4671 0 R 4672 0 R 4673 0 R 4674 0 R 4675 0 R 4676 0 R 4677 0 R 4678 0 R 4679 0 R 4680 0 R 4681 0 R 4682 0 R 4683 0 R 4684 0 R 4685 0 R 4686 0 R 4687 0 R 4688 0 R 4689 0 R ] >> endobj 4648 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [193.4 516.659 209.764 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg113) >> >> endobj 4653 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [213.146 502.089 229.509 511.962] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg185) >> >> endobj 4654 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.873 488.382 235.237 498.102] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg174) >> >> endobj 4655 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.495 460.967 227.949 470.687] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg7) >> >> endobj 4656 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [233.404 460.967 238.858 470.687] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg8) >> >> endobj 4657 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [180.091 448.121 185.546 456.979] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg9) >> >> endobj 4658 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [262.771 433.551 268.226 443.271] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg9) >> >> endobj 4659 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.765 419.855 324.674 429.564] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg10) >> >> endobj 4660 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 407.157 101.317 416.015] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg11) >> >> endobj 4661 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [106.771 407.157 117.68 416.015] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg14) >> >> endobj 4662 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [123.135 407.157 139.499 416.015] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg304) >> >> endobj 4663 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [144.953 407.157 161.317 416.015] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg313) >> >> endobj 4664 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [227.971 392.587 238.88 402.307] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg11) >> >> endobj 4665 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [139.182 378.88 150.091 388.6] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg12) >> >> endobj 4666 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [155.546 378.88 171.909 388.6] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg329) >> >> endobj 4667 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [139.793 366.034 150.702 374.892] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg13) >> >> endobj 4668 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.615 351.475 272.524 361.337] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg15) >> >> endobj 4669 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.622 337.768 235.531 347.477] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg16) >> >> endobj 4670 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.549 324.049 277.913 333.769] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg188) >> >> endobj 4671 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [296.437 310.342 312.8 320.062] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg190) >> >> endobj 4672 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.662 296.645 204.026 306.354] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg294) >> >> endobj 4673 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.368 282.938 203.731 292.799] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg295) >> >> endobj 4674 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [275.808 269.23 292.171 278.939] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg296) >> >> endobj 4675 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.204 256.373 213.418 265.341] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg296) >> >> endobj 4676 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [145.859 242.666 162.222 251.524] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg297) >> >> endobj 4677 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.731 228.096 190.095 237.816] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg298) >> >> endobj 4678 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [287.338 214.389 303.702 224.109] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg299) >> >> endobj 4679 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [203.437 201.543 219.8 210.401] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg300) >> >> endobj 4680 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [135.56 173.424 151.924 183.144] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg301) >> >> endobj 4681 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.989 160.579 207.353 169.437] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg304) >> >> endobj 4682 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [220.989 146.02 237.353 155.729] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg306) >> >> endobj 4683 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.829 132.302 224.044 142.131] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg306) >> >> endobj 4684 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.059 118.605 193.422 128.314] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg307) >> >> endobj 4685 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [198.877 118.605 215.24 128.314] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg390) >> >> endobj 4686 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [201.92 104.887 218.284 114.607] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg308) >> >> endobj 4687 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [161.622 91.179 177.986 100.899] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg308) >> >> endobj 4688 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.931 77.471 221.295 87.191] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg311) >> >> endobj 4689 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [159.789 64.626 176.153 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg312) >> >> endobj 4691 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4727 0 obj << /Length 2767 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(798)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(Aristotelian)-250(elements)-250(in,)-250(314)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(humility)-250(of,)-250(316;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(disciples)-250(of)-250(the)-250(upper)-250(class,)-250(317;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(on)-250(philosophic)-250(retreat,)-250(318;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(precepts)-250(for)-250(moral)-250(growth,)-250(320)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(death)-250(a)-250(mere)-250(bugbear,)-250(322;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(attitude)-250(to)-250(myth,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 74.552 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -85.767 -13.702 Td [(on)-250(public)-250(duty,)-250(325;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(social)-250(instinct,)-250(kindness,)-250(forgiveness,)-250(etc.,)-250(327;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(womanhood,)-250(329;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Seneca)-250(and)-250(Thomas)-250(\340)-250(Kempis,)-250(331;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(his)-377(view)-377(of)-377(immortality)-377(approaches)-377(the)-377(Christian,)-408(5,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(13)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Pythagorean)-250(influences)-250(on,)-250(515)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Sentinum,)-250(college)-250(of)-250(Mithra)-250(at,)-250(593)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Serapis,)]TJ 21.818 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(temple)-250(of)-250(healing)-250(at)-250(Canopus,)-250(461;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(his)-250(origin,)-250(various)-250(theories)-250(of,)-250(561)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(linked)-250(with)-250(Jupiter)-250(in)-250(the)-250(inscriptions,)-250(562;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(lofty)-250(conception)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Aristides,)-250(572,)-250(574;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(miracles)-250(in)-250(his)-250(temples,)-250(573;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(a)-250(guide)-250(and)-250(judge)-250(of)-250(souls,)-250(575;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(boundless)-250(sway,)-250(583)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Sidonius)-250(Apollinaris,)]TJ 21.818 -13.702 Td [(imitation)-250(of)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.985 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(Letters)-250(in,)-250(162)-250(sq.;)]TJ -80.618 -13.703 Td [(refers)-250(to)-250(Sulpicia,)-250(80;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(to)-250(Petronius,)-250(121)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Silius)-250(Italicus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(estimate)-250(of,)-250(164;)]TJ -26.672 -13.702 Td [(career)-250(and)-250(tastes)-250(of,)-250(165;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(a)-250(connoisseur,)-250(177;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(suicide)-250(of,)-250(184)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Slavery,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(moral)-229(and)-229(political)-229(effects)-229(of,)-233(according)-229(to)-229(Seneca,)-233(12;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4726 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4727 0 R /Resources 4725 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4554 0 R /Annots [ 4690 0 R 4694 0 R 4695 0 R 4696 0 R 4697 0 R 4698 0 R 4699 0 R 4700 0 R 4701 0 R 4702 0 R 4703 0 R 4704 0 R 4705 0 R 4706 0 R 4707 0 R 4708 0 R 4709 0 R 4710 0 R 4711 0 R 4712 0 R 4713 0 R 4714 0 R 4715 0 R 4716 0 R 4717 0 R 4718 0 R 4719 0 R 4720 0 R 4721 0 R 4722 0 R 4723 0 R ] >> endobj 4690 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [246.87 515.808 263.234 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg314) >> >> endobj 4694 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [191.43 502.094 207.794 511.814] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg316) >> >> endobj 4695 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [275.649 488.403 292.012 498.112] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg317) >> >> endobj 4696 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [237.772 474.7 254.136 484.409] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg318) >> >> endobj 4697 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.699 460.986 288.063 470.706] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg320) >> >> endobj 4698 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.234 447.284 252.598 457.004] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg322) >> >> endobj 4699 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.732 433.581 222.947 443.41] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg322) >> >> endobj 4700 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.667 419.879 222.03 429.751] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg325) >> >> endobj 4701 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [352.917 406.176 369.281 415.896] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg327) >> >> endobj 4702 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.776 393.335 264.139 402.193] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg329) >> >> endobj 4703 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [274.121 378.782 290.485 388.491] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg331) >> >> endobj 4704 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [365.991 365.068 371.446 374.941] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg5) >> >> endobj 4705 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 351.53 148.089 361.239] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg13) >> >> endobj 4706 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.369 337.816 274.732 347.689] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg515) >> >> endobj 4707 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [254.441 324.114 270.805 333.986] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg593) >> >> endobj 4708 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [285.958 296.708 302.321 306.428] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg461) >> >> endobj 4709 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [270.805 283.006 287.168 292.878] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg561) >> >> endobj 4710 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [305.365 269.314 321.728 279.176] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg562) >> >> endobj 4711 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [281.714 255.601 298.078 265.473] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg572) >> >> endobj 4712 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [303.532 255.601 319.896 265.473] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg574) >> >> endobj 4713 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [242.932 241.909 259.296 251.771] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg573) >> >> endobj 4714 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.863 228.195 273.227 238.068] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg575) >> >> endobj 4715 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.874 214.493 243.238 224.365] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg583) >> >> endobj 4716 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.732 187.087 288.096 196.84] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg162) >> >> endobj 4717 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.165 173.396 228.074 183.105] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 4718 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [195.063 160.544 211.427 169.402] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg121) >> >> endobj 4719 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.452 132.277 240.816 142.03] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg164) >> >> endobj 4720 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.536 119.436 242.9 128.447] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg165) >> >> endobj 4721 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.318 105.734 218.681 114.592] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg177) >> >> endobj 4722 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [185.354 92.031 201.718 100.889] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg184) >> >> endobj 4723 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [360.231 63.764 371.14 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg12) >> >> endobj 4725 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4762 0 obj << /Length 3049 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(799)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(courage)-250(of)-250(Octavia)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.996 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(slave)-250(girls,)-250(48;)]TJ -86.629 -13.718 Td [(transition)-250(from)-250(slavery)-250(to)-250(freedom,)-250(116)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(kindly)-250(feeling,)-250(117,)-250(257;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(manumission,)-250(how)-250(obtained,)-250(118;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(growing)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 39.087 0 Td [(peculium)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.72 0 Td [(of)-250(trusted)-250(slaves,)-250(118;)]TJ -81.807 -13.718 Td [(tie)-250(between)-250(patron)-250(and)-250(freedman,)-250(119;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(duties)-250(and)-250(generosity)-250(of)-250(patrons,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 144.829 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -156.043 -13.718 Td [(rise)-250(of)-250(the)-250(freedmen,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 93 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -104.214 -13.719 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(kindness)-250(to)-250(slaves,)-250(181;)]TJ -26.673 -13.718 Td [(harsh)-250(masters)-250(and)-250(their)-250(perils,)-250(182;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(slave)-250(class)-250(dwindling,)-250(252;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(slaves)-250(in)-250(the)-250(colleges,)-250(281)]TJ -21.818 -13.719 Td [(Society,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 21.818 -13.718 Td [(circuli)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 28.483 0 Td [(,)-250(13;)]TJ -28.483 -13.719 Td [(gossip,)-250(33;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(extravagant)-250(luxury,)-250(66;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(respect)-332(for)-331(birth)-332(and)-331(manufacture)-332(of)-331(genealogies,)-352(69,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(70;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(poverty)-250(and)-250(mendicancy)-250(of)-250(great)-250(houses,)-250(71,)-250(72;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(wider)-250(interests)-250(among)-250(women)-250(78;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(culture)-449(of)-449(Roman)-450(women)-449(from)-449(Cornelia)-449(to)-449(Serena,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(wife)-250(of)-250(Stilicho,)-250(80;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(dangerous)-250(temptations)-250(of)-250(women)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 145.134 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(life,)-250(85)-250(sq.;)]TJ -148.767 -13.719 Td [(general)-250(poverty)-250(under)-250(the)-250(Empire,)-250(94)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(mean)-191(trades)-191(more)-191(lucrative)-191(than)-191(cultivated)-190(professions,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(95;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(society)-250(materialised,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 92.411 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -103.625 -13.718 Td [(contempt)-250(for)-250(poverty,)-250(97;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(grossness)-250(of)-250(freedmen,)-250(132)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(a)-250(sounder)-250(class)-250(in)-250(the)-250(worst)-250(days,)-250(143;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(wholesome)-239(force)-238(of)-239(Roman)-238(tradition,)-241(and)-239(country)-238(life,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(144;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(old-fashioned)-250(retreats)-250(of)-250(virtue,)-250(147;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(love)-250(of)-250(country)-250(life,)-250(174;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4761 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4762 0 R /Resources 4760 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4763 0 R /Annots [ 4724 0 R 4728 0 R 4729 0 R 4730 0 R 4731 0 R 4732 0 R 4733 0 R 4734 0 R 4735 0 R 4736 0 R 4737 0 R 4738 0 R 4739 0 R 4740 0 R 4741 0 R 4742 0 R 4743 0 R 4744 0 R 4745 0 R 4746 0 R 4747 0 R 4748 0 R 4749 0 R 4750 0 R 4751 0 R 4752 0 R 4753 0 R 4754 0 R 4755 0 R 4756 0 R 4757 0 R 4758 0 R ] >> endobj 4724 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.004 515.797 244.913 525.55] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg48) >> >> endobj 4728 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.535 502.078 261.898 511.798] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg116) >> >> endobj 4729 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [156.768 488.36 173.131 498.233] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg117) >> >> endobj 4730 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [178.586 488.36 194.949 498.233] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg257) >> >> endobj 4731 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.589 475.503 234.953 484.361] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg118) >> >> endobj 4732 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.568 460.923 264.931 470.752] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg118) >> >> endobj 4733 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.848 447.215 255.211 456.924] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg119) >> >> endobj 4734 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [235.237 433.486 246.451 443.315] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg119) >> >> endobj 4735 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [183.408 420.629 194.622 429.597] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg119) >> >> endobj 4736 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.291 406.049 224.655 415.802] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg181) >> >> endobj 4737 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [223.717 392.341 240.08 402.05] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg182) >> >> endobj 4738 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.189 378.612 205.553 388.485] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg252) >> >> endobj 4739 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [188.273 364.894 204.637 374.613] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg281) >> >> endobj 4740 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [124.346 338.318 135.255 347.286] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg13) >> >> endobj 4741 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [123.746 323.738 134.655 333.458] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg33) >> >> endobj 4742 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.964 310.02 188.873 319.74] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg66) >> >> endobj 4743 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.765 296.301 324.674 306.021] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg69) >> >> endobj 4744 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 283.614 101.317 292.472] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg70) >> >> endobj 4745 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.88 269.033 282.789 278.753] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg71) >> >> endobj 4746 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [288.244 269.033 299.153 278.753] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg72) >> >> endobj 4747 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.328 255.315 235.237 265.035] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg78) >> >> endobj 4748 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [163.739 228.909 174.648 237.767] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 4749 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [266.142 214.329 277.051 224.201] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg85) >> >> endobj 4750 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [242.491 200.61 253.4 210.33] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg94) >> >> endobj 4751 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 174.204 101.317 183.215] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg95) >> >> endobj 4752 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.819 159.624 194.033 169.453] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg95) >> >> endobj 4753 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.968 145.906 198.877 155.625] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg97) >> >> endobj 4754 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [193.411 132.187 209.775 141.907] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg132) >> >> endobj 4755 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.869 118.469 255.233 128.189] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg143) >> >> endobj 4756 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 92.063 106.771 100.921] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg144) >> >> endobj 4757 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [230.677 78.344 247.04 87.202] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg147) >> >> endobj 4758 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [179.786 63.764 196.149 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg174) >> >> endobj 4760 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4794 0 obj << /Length 2751 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(800)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(suicide,)-250(183;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(wedded)-250(life)-250(of)-250(Calpurnia)-250(and)-250(Pliny,)-250(188)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(new)-250(moral)-250(ideals)-250(in)-250(Seneca,)-250(Juvenal,)-250(and)-250(Pliny,)-250(190;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(duties)-250(of)-250(wealth,)-250(191;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(public)-250(spirit)-250(of)-250(the)-250(age,)-250(193;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(rage)-250(for)-250(amusement,)-250(234)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(municipal)-250(gratitude)-250(and)-250(meanness,)-250(245;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(need)-250(of)-250(association)-250(in)-250(clubs,)-250(etc.,)-250(256)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(immense)-250(force)-250(of)-250(the)-250(movement,)-250(266)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(ennui)-329(and)-328(self-abandonment)-329(of)-328(upper)-329(class,)-348(304,)-348(319)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(need)-243(for)-242(popular)-243(evangelism,)-244(how)-242(the)-243(Cynics)-242(supplied)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it,)-250(335,)-250(360)]TJ -21.818 -13.719 Td [(Socrates,)-250(theories)-250(of)-250(his)-250(daemon,)-250(438)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(Sophists,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.719 Td [(influence)-250(of,)-250(4;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(frivolous)-320(subjects)-319(and)-320(showy)-319(style)-320(of,)-337(condemned)-319(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(philosophers,)-250(344;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(Plutarch)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(opinion)-250(of,)-250(413)]TJ -61.81 -13.718 Td [(Sotion,)-250(trains)-250(Seneca)-250(in)-250(Pythagorean)-250(asceticism,)-250(296)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(Spain,)]TJ 21.818 -13.718 Td [(growth)-250(of)-250(towns)-250(in,)-250(200;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(journey)-250(of)-250(Icelus)-250(in,)-250(to)-250(reach)-250(Galba,)-250(206;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(little)-250(affected)-250(by)-250(Mithraism,)-250(597;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(worship)-250(of)-250(Isis)-250(in,)-250(567)]TJ -21.818 -13.718 Td [(Spectacles,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.719 Td [(Senators)-250(descend)-250(into)-250(the)-250(arena,)-250(73;)]TJ 0 -13.718 Td [(women)-372(present)-371(at,)-402(mingling)-372(with)-372(men)-371(at)-372(the)-371(Circus,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(86;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(obscenities)-250(of)-250(the)-250(theatre,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 114.218 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -125.432 -13.718 Td [(number)-250(of)-250(days)-250(in)-250(the)-250(year)-250(given)-250(to,)-250(234;)]TJ 0 -13.719 Td [(scene)-250(in)-250(Flavian)-250(Amphitheatre,)-250(235)]TJ -21.818 -13.718 Td [(Spurinna,)-250(Vestricius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.719 Td [(a)-250(verse)-250(writer,)-250(166;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4793 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4794 0 R /Resources 4792 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4763 0 R /Annots [ 4759 0 R 4764 0 R 4765 0 R 4766 0 R 4767 0 R 4768 0 R 4769 0 R 4770 0 R 4771 0 R 4772 0 R 4773 0 R 4774 0 R 4775 0 R 4776 0 R 4777 0 R 4778 0 R 4779 0 R 4780 0 R 4781 0 R 4782 0 R 4783 0 R 4784 0 R 4785 0 R 4786 0 R 4787 0 R 4788 0 R 4789 0 R 4790 0 R ] >> endobj 4759 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [173.54 516.659 189.903 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg183) >> >> endobj 4764 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [295.645 502.078 312.008 511.798] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg188) >> >> endobj 4765 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [347.757 488.36 364.121 498.08] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg190) >> >> endobj 4766 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.321 475.503 228.685 484.361] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg191) >> >> endobj 4767 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [240.805 460.923 257.169 470.643] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg193) >> >> endobj 4768 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [229.274 447.204 245.638 456.924] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg234) >> >> endobj 4769 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [291.401 433.486 307.765 443.359] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg245) >> >> endobj 4770 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [284.125 419.778 300.488 429.64] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg256) >> >> endobj 4771 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [283.819 406.06 300.183 415.769] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg266) >> >> endobj 4772 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [334.92 392.341 351.283 402.05] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg304) >> >> endobj 4773 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [357.81 392.341 374.173 402.05] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg319) >> >> endobj 4774 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [148.7 352.375 165.063 361.386] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg335) >> >> endobj 4775 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [170.518 352.375 186.881 361.386] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg360) >> >> endobj 4776 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [262.307 338.657 278.67 347.515] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg438) >> >> endobj 4777 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [195.041 311.22 200.496 320.078] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg4) >> >> endobj 4778 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [198.391 283.101 214.754 292.81] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg344) >> >> endobj 4779 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.75 269.383 251.114 279.125] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg413) >> >> endobj 4780 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [329.277 255.653 345.641 265.373] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg296) >> >> endobj 4781 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.358 228.216 241.721 237.936] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg200) >> >> endobj 4782 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [296.834 214.498 313.198 224.218] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 4783 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [262.318 200.779 278.681 210.652] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg597) >> >> endobj 4784 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.692 187.072 235.056 196.934] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg567) >> >> endobj 4785 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [280.176 160.486 291.085 169.344] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg73) >> >> endobj 4786 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 133.218 148.089 142.076] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg86) >> >> endobj 4787 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.398 119.5 262.612 128.467] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg86) >> >> endobj 4788 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [297.456 104.919 313.819 114.639] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg234) >> >> endobj 4789 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [276.249 91.212 292.612 101.074] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg235) >> >> endobj 4790 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [202.001 64.626 218.365 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg166) >> >> endobj 4792 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4829 0 obj << /Length 2873 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(801)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(his)-250(orderly)-250(life)-250(a)-250(type,)-250(175)]TJ -21.818 -13.707 Td [(Statius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(his)-250(sketches)-250(of)-250(the)-250(great)-250(imperial)-250(freedmen,)-250(109)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(of)-358(the)-358(villas)-358(of)-358(Manlius)-358(Vopiscus,)-385(and)-357(Pollius)-358(Felix,)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 247.387 0 Td [([638])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -247.387 -13.549 Td [(176;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(reference)-250(to)-250(Mithra)-250(in)-250(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 114.207 0 Td [(Thebaid)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.76 0 Td [(,)-250(589)-250(sq.)]TJ -171.785 -13.708 Td [(Stoicism,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(the)-250(God)-250(of,)-250(307;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(gospel)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Seneca,)-250(309)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(freedom)-250(and)-250(necessity,)-250(311;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(weakness)-250(of)-250(its)-250(moral)-250(theory,)-250(313;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(instantaneous)-250(conversion,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 115.44 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -126.654 -13.707 Td [(no)-250(intermediate)-250(states)-250(of)-250(character,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 155.105 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -166.32 -13.708 Td [(modifications)-250(of,)-250(314;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(relation)-250(to)-250(Cynicism,)-250(323,)-250(359;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(competing)-250(tendencies)-250(in,)-250(324;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(the)-250(two)-250(cities,)-250(Zeno)-250(on)-250(civic)-250(duty,)-250(325;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(the)-250(brotherhood)-250(of)-250(man,)-250(328;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(the)-250(religion)-250(of)-250(Stoicism)-250(breaks)-250(down,)-250(391,)-250(512;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(later)-250(Stoic)-250(mysticism,)-250(392;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(influence)-250(of)-250(Panaetius,)-250(408,)-250(530;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(its)-362(theory)-361(of)-362(human)-362(nature)-361(assailed)-362(by)-362(Plutarch,)-389(410)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(older)-250(Stoic)-250(belief)-250(in)-250(a)-250(limited)-250(immortality,)-250(500;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(ideal)-250(of)-250(life)-250(in)-250(M.)-250(Aurelius,)-250(509;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Stoic)-250(attitude)-250(to)-250(augury,)-250(etc.,)-250(530)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Strabo,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(on)-250(oracles)-250(and)-250(augury,)-250(471;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(temple)-250(of)-250(Serapis)-250(at)-250(Canopus,)-250(461)]TJ -21.818 -13.708 Td [(Suetonius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.707 Td [(career)-250(of,)-250(168;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(friendship)-250(for,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 72.109 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -109.996 -13.707 Td [(a)-250(dilatory)-250(author,)-250(168;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(superstition)-250(of,)-250(452,)-250(535;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4828 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4829 0 R /Resources 4827 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4763 0 R /Annots [ 4791 0 R 4795 0 R 4796 0 R 4797 0 R 4798 0 R 4799 0 R 4800 0 R 4801 0 R 4802 0 R 4803 0 R 4804 0 R 4805 0 R 4806 0 R 4807 0 R 4808 0 R 4809 0 R 4810 0 R 4811 0 R 4812 0 R 4813 0 R 4814 0 R 4815 0 R 4816 0 R 4817 0 R 4818 0 R 4819 0 R 4820 0 R 4821 0 R 4822 0 R 4823 0 R 4824 0 R 4825 0 R ] >> endobj 4791 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.179 515.797 205.542 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg175) >> >> endobj 4795 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [283.695 488.382 300.058 498.102] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg109) >> >> endobj 4796 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 461.987 106.771 470.845] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg176) >> >> endobj 4797 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.829 447.428 262.193 457.29] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg589) >> >> endobj 4798 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [142.52 420.864 158.884 429.722] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg307) >> >> endobj 4799 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [183.724 406.295 200.088 416.015] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg309) >> >> endobj 4800 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [193.411 392.587 209.775 402.307] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg311) >> >> endobj 4801 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.295 378.88 237.658 388.6] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg313) >> >> endobj 4802 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.848 366.034 217.062 375.001] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg313) >> >> endobj 4803 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.513 352.326 256.728 361.294] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg313) >> >> endobj 4804 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [167.677 338.619 184.04 347.477] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg314) >> >> endobj 4805 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.957 324.049 201.32 333.922] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg323) >> >> endobj 4806 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.775 324.049 223.138 333.922] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg359) >> >> endobj 4807 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [201.909 310.342 218.273 320.062] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg324) >> >> endobj 4808 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [241.607 296.634 257.971 306.507] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg325) >> >> endobj 4809 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [198.571 283.788 214.935 292.647] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg328) >> >> endobj 4810 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [256.76 269.219 273.124 279.092] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg391) >> >> endobj 4811 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [278.578 269.219 294.942 279.092] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg512) >> >> endobj 4812 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.989 255.511 204.353 265.231] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg392) >> >> endobj 4813 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.811 242.666 209.175 251.677] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg408) >> >> endobj 4814 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.629 242.666 230.993 251.677] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg530) >> >> endobj 4815 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.038 228.096 327.401 237.816] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg410) >> >> endobj 4816 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.684 200.84 294.047 210.712] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg500) >> >> endobj 4817 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [212.818 187.994 229.182 197.005] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg509) >> >> endobj 4818 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [218.884 173.424 235.247 183.297] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg530) >> >> endobj 4819 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [191.895 146.009 208.259 155.729] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg471) >> >> endobj 4820 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [253.422 132.313 269.786 142.022] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg461) >> >> endobj 4821 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [134.317 105.748 150.68 114.607] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg168) >> >> endobj 4822 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [189.189 91.179 200.404 101.008] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg168) >> >> endobj 4823 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [167.971 77.471 184.335 87.191] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg168) >> >> endobj 4824 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.589 63.775 174.953 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg452) >> >> endobj 4825 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [180.408 63.775 196.771 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg535) >> >> endobj 4830 0 obj << /D [4828 0 R /XYZ 161.172 477.052 null] >> endobj 4827 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4863 0 obj << /Length 3019 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(802)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(secretary)-250(of)-250(Hadrian,)-250(169)]TJ -21.818 -13.707 Td [(Suffetes,)-240(title)-238(of,)-240(preserved)-238(in)-237(Africa)-238(under)-238(the)-237(Empire,)-240(203)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Suicide,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(view)-250(of,)-250(183;)]TJ -26.672 -13.707 Td [(suicide)-250(of)-250(Euphrates,)-250(356;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Stoic)-250(view)-250(of,)-250(356;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(suicide)-250(of)-250(Peregrinus,)-250(357;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(of)-250(Silius)-250(Italicus,)-250(184;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(of)-250(Corellius)-250(Rufus,)-250(184;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.138 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(wish)-250(for,)-250(356;)]TJ -38.771 -13.708 Td [(a)-250(suicide)-250(on)-250(Lake)-250(Como,)-250(184)]TJ -21.818 -13.707 Td [(Sulla,)-250(recognises)-250(the)-250(Isiac)-250(cult)-250(in)-250(80)]TJ/F16 8.2192 Tf 159.981 0 Td [(B.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.074 0 Td [(,)-250(565)]TJ -175.055 -13.708 Td [(Sulpicia,)-250(verses)-250(of,)-250(mentioned)-250(by)-250(Martial)-250(and)-250(Sidonius,)-250(80)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Sun)-250(worship,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(the)-250(highest)-250(form)-250(of)-250(nature-worship,)-250(585)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Aurelian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 38.171 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(temple,)-250(586;)]TJ -41.803 -13.708 Td [(Mithra)-250(identified)-250(with)-250(the)-250(Sun)-250(at)-250(Babylon,)-250(587;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(influence)-172(of,)-188(in)-173(fostering)-172(theocratic)-173(ideas)-172(in)-173(the)-172(Empire,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(617)-250(sq.)]TJ -21.818 -13.707 Td [(Superstition,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(tales)-250(of,)-250(at)-250(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 96.349 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(table,)-250(131,)-250(136;)]TJ -99.981 -13.707 Td [(of)-250(Regulus,)-250(156;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(of)-250(Suetonius)-250(and)-250(Pliny,)-250(168;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(various)-250(conceptions)-250(of,)-250(443;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Plutarch)-250(on,)-250(443)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(astrology,)-250(446)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(superstition)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Emperors,)-250(447)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(great)-250(writers)-250(of)-250(the)-250(age,)-250(451)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(its)-250(connection)-250(with)-250(medicine)-250(in)-250(the)-250(temples,)-250(459;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(dream)-250(oracles,)-250(461;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Aristides)-250(has)-250(visits)-250(from)-250(the)-250(gods,)-250(466;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(superstition)-243(of)-244(Rutilianus)-243(and)-243(the)-243(Roman)-244(nobles)-243(in)-243(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(reign)-250(of)-250(M.)-250(Aurelius,)-250(475;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(rampant)-250(in)-250(Paphlagonia,)-250(476)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4862 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4863 0 R /Resources 4861 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4763 0 R /Annots [ 4826 0 R 4831 0 R 4832 0 R 4833 0 R 4834 0 R 4835 0 R 4836 0 R 4837 0 R 4838 0 R 4839 0 R 4840 0 R 4841 0 R 4842 0 R 4843 0 R 4844 0 R 4845 0 R 4846 0 R 4847 0 R 4848 0 R 4849 0 R 4850 0 R 4851 0 R 4852 0 R 4853 0 R 4854 0 R 4855 0 R 4856 0 R 4857 0 R 4858 0 R 4859 0 R ] >> endobj 4826 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.685 515.797 248.049 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg169) >> >> endobj 4831 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [357.81 502.1 374.173 511.809] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg203) >> >> endobj 4832 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.3 474.674 225.663 484.427] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg183) >> >> endobj 4833 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.707 460.978 248.07 470.839] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg356) >> >> endobj 4834 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [200.812 448.121 217.176 457.132] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg356) >> >> endobj 4835 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [234.74 433.551 251.103 443.424] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg357) >> >> endobj 4836 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.154 420.706 230.518 429.564] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg184) >> >> endobj 4837 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [223.241 406.998 239.605 415.856] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg184) >> >> endobj 4838 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.43 393.291 240.794 402.302] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg356) >> >> endobj 4839 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.681 379.583 265.045 388.441] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg184) >> >> endobj 4840 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [295.871 365.014 312.235 374.886] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg565) >> >> endobj 4841 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [360.499 351.306 371.408 361.026] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 4842 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [294.729 323.891 311.092 333.764] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg585) >> >> endobj 4843 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.103 310.194 237.467 320.056] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg586) >> >> endobj 4844 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [325.056 296.476 341.419 306.349] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg587) >> >> endobj 4845 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 269.23 153.543 278.939] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg617) >> >> endobj 4846 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [270.794 242.666 287.158 251.557] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg131) >> >> endobj 4847 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [292.612 242.666 308.976 251.557] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg136) >> >> endobj 4848 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.209 228.096 206.572 237.969] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg156) >> >> endobj 4849 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [241.732 214.389 258.096 224.109] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg168) >> >> endobj 4850 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [241.405 200.692 257.769 210.401] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg443) >> >> endobj 4851 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.631 186.985 208.994 196.694] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg443) >> >> endobj 4852 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [183.238 173.266 199.601 182.986] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg446) >> >> endobj 4853 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [266.561 159.569 282.925 169.278] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg447) >> >> endobj 4854 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.078 145.851 287.441 155.724] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg451) >> >> endobj 4855 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [332.321 132.154 348.685 142.016] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg459) >> >> endobj 4856 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [203.518 119.298 219.881 128.156] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg461) >> >> endobj 4857 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [288.39 104.728 304.754 114.448] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg466) >> >> endobj 4858 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.318 77.471 248.681 87.344] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg475) >> >> endobj 4859 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [246.26 63.764 262.623 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg476) >> >> endobj 4861 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4900 0 obj << /Length 2605 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(803)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(cult)-250(of)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 30.905 0 Td [(Genii)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 24.24 0 Td [(,)-250(479;)]TJ -55.145 -13.921 Td [(universal)-250(belief)-250(in)-250(miracles,)-250(482;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(apparitions)-250(in)-250(the)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 78.48 0 Td [(Philopseudes)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 60.905 0 Td [(of)-250(Lucian,)-250(490;)]TJ -139.385 -13.921 Td [(encouraged)-250(by)-250(Mithraism,)-250(602)]TJ -21.818 -13.921 Td [(Symmachus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.921 Td [(religious)-250(conservatism)-250(of,)-250(546;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(Letters)-250(of,)-250(161)]TJ -21.818 -13.921 Td [(Syncretism,)]TJ 21.818 -13.921 Td [(in)-250(Aristides,)-250(388;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(in)-250(Apuleius,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 56.062 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -67.276 -13.92 Td [(in)-250(Plutarch,)-250(424;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(of)-250(the)-250(oriental)-250(worships,)-250(558;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(in)-250(the)-250(worship)-250(of)-250(Isis,)-250(581;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(and)-250(of)-250(Serapis,)-250(583;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(Mithraism)-250(the)-250(greatest)-250(effort)-250(of,)-250(585,)-250(592;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(at)-250(Babylon,)-250(587;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(in)-250(Asia)-250(Minor,)-250(588)]TJ -21.818 -20.861 Td [(Tacitus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.921 Td [(his)-250(attitude)-250(to)-250(the)-250(tyranny)-250(of)-250(the)-250(early)-250(Caesars,)-250(21;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(early)-250(history)-250(and)-250(experience)-250(of,)-250(22;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(various)-250(views)-250(of,)-250(23;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(the)-250(key)-250(to)-250(his)-250(tone)-250(as)-250(a)-250(historian,)-250(24;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(a)-250(moralist,)-250(rather)-250(than)-250(a)-250(politician,)-250(25,)-250(26;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(views)-250(of)-250(the)-250(future,)-250(26,)-250(27;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(belief)-250(in)-250(birth)-250(and)-250(traditions,)-250(28;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(early)-250(training,)-250(and)-250(ideal)-250(of)-250(family)-250(life,)-250(28,)-250(29;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(admiration)-250(for)-250(Agricola,)-250(29;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(his)-286(experience)-286(had)-285(affected)-286(his)-286(ideas)-286(of)-286(human)-285(nature)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Divine)-250(government,)-250(30;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(gloomy)-250(view)-250(of)-250(the)-250(time,)-250(46;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(wavering)-250(attitude)-250(to)-250(superstition,)-250(453,)-250(535;)]TJ 0 -13.92 Td [(faint)-250(hope)-250(of)-250(immortality,)-250(502;)]TJ 0 -13.921 Td [(account)-250(of)-250(Serapis,)-250(562)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4899 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4900 0 R /Resources 4898 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4763 0 R /Annots [ 4860 0 R 4864 0 R 4865 0 R 4866 0 R 4867 0 R 4868 0 R 4869 0 R 4870 0 R 4871 0 R 4872 0 R 4873 0 R 4874 0 R 4875 0 R 4876 0 R 4877 0 R 4878 0 R 4879 0 R 4880 0 R 4881 0 R 4882 0 R 4883 0 R 4884 0 R 4885 0 R 4886 0 R 4887 0 R 4888 0 R 4889 0 R 4890 0 R 4891 0 R 4892 0 R 4893 0 R 4894 0 R 4895 0 R 4896 0 R ] >> endobj 4860 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [151.008 516.659 167.371 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg479) >> >> endobj 4864 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.324 502.738 230.688 511.596] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg482) >> >> endobj 4865 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.357 487.966 293.72 497.785] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg490) >> >> endobj 4866 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [207.964 474.035 224.328 483.755] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg602) >> >> endobj 4867 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.153 446.193 222.517 456.066] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg546) >> >> endobj 4868 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.971 433.134 154.335 441.992] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg161) >> >> endobj 4869 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [146.469 405.293 162.833 414.151] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg388) >> >> endobj 4870 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [146.47 390.521 157.684 400.339] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg388) >> >> endobj 4871 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [143.437 377.451 159.8 386.309] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg424) >> >> endobj 4872 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.182 362.68 215.546 372.541] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg558) >> >> endobj 4873 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.978 348.759 204.342 358.621] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg581) >> >> endobj 4874 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.273 334.838 174.637 344.7] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg583) >> >> endobj 4875 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.804 320.906 249.168 330.779] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg585) >> >> endobj 4876 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [254.622 320.906 270.986 330.779] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg592) >> >> endobj 4877 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [143.437 306.986 159.8 316.858] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg587) >> >> endobj 4878 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [157.073 293.927 173.437 302.938] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg588) >> >> endobj 4879 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [296.436 258.283 307.346 268.003] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg21) >> >> endobj 4880 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [230.971 244.362 241.88 254.082] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg22) >> >> endobj 4881 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [167.971 231.303 178.88 240.161] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg23) >> >> endobj 4882 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.153 216.521 247.062 226.24] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg24) >> >> endobj 4883 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [243.113 202.611 254.022 212.472] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg25) >> >> endobj 4884 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [259.477 202.611 270.386 212.472] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg26) >> >> endobj 4885 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.964 189.541 188.873 198.399] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg26) >> >> endobj 4886 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [194.328 189.541 205.237 198.399] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg27) >> >> endobj 4887 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.673 175.62 228.582 184.478] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg28) >> >> endobj 4888 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [259.771 160.838 270.68 170.558] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg28) >> >> endobj 4889 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [276.135 160.838 287.044 170.558] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg29) >> >> endobj 4890 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.477 146.917 210.386 156.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg29) >> >> endobj 4891 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.749 119.447 237.658 129.167] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg30) >> >> endobj 4892 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [203.131 105.526 214.04 115.246] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg46) >> >> endobj 4893 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.764 91.605 253.127 101.478] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg453) >> >> endobj 4894 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.582 91.605 274.946 101.478] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg535) >> >> endobj 4895 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.858 77.685 222.222 87.557] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg502) >> >> endobj 4896 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [176.448 63.775 192.811 73.637] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg562) >> >> endobj 4898 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4932 0 obj << /Length 2908 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(804)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Tarsus,)-250(D.)-250(Chrysostom)-250(on)-250(its)-250(vices,)-250(370)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Taurobolium,)-250(the,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(enthralling)-250(power)-250(of,)-250(547;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(first)-250(glimpse)-250(of,)-250(549;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(offered)-250(for)-250(Ant.)-250(Pius)-250(in)-250(160,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 126.043 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -137.258 -13.708 Td [(suspected)-250(by)-250(the)-250(Fathers,)-250(555;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(history)-250(of,)-250(556;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Anaitis)-250(and)-250(Artemis)-250(Tauropolus,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 145.745 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -156.959 -13.707 Td [(question)-480(whether)-480(it)-480(became)-480(part)-480(of)-480(the)-479(worship)-480(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Mithra,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 35.149 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(,)-250(609;)]TJ -46.363 -13.707 Td [(its)-250(ceremonial)-250(and)-250(cost,)-250(557)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(its)-250(meaning)-250(and)-250(effects,)-250(609)]TJ -21.818 -13.707 Td [(Tertullian,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(his)-250(tale)-250(of)-250(a)-250(priest)-250(of)-250(Cybele,)-250(549;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(on)-250(the)-250(taurobolium,)-250(555;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(holds)-250(up)-250(priests)-250(of)-250(Isis)-250(as)-250(an)-250(example,)-250(582;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(his)-250(view)-250(of)-250(the)-250(sacraments)-250(of)-250(Mithra,)-250(613)]TJ -21.818 -13.707 Td [(Theagenes,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(pupil)-250(of)-250(Peregrinus,)-250(354;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(lectures)-250(in)-250(Rome,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 79.385 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -101.203 -13.708 Td [(Theatre,)-250(the,)-250(a)-250(great)-250(corruptor,)-250(86)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Thespesius)-250(of)-250(Soli,)-250(his)-250(vision)-250(of)-250(the)-250(unseen)-250(world,)-250(524)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Thrasea,)-227(his)-222(character,)-227(compared)-222(with)-222(Paetus)-222(and)-221(Helvidius)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Priscus,)-250(152)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(Thrasyllus,)-250(an)-250(astrologer)-250(of)-250(Tiberius,)-250(448)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(Tiberius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.708 Td [(conservatism)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(religion,)-250(536;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(little)-250(sympathy)-250(with)-250(Hellenism,)-250(88;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(cost)-250(of)-250(his)-250(gladiators,)-250(241;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(belief)-250(in)-250(astrology,)-250(448;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(tried)-250(the)-250(lottery)-250(at)-250(Padua,)-250(472;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(persecutes)-250(the)-250(eastern)-250(cults,)-250(566;)]TJ 0 -13.707 Td [(treatment)-250(of)-250(descendants)-250(of)-250(Hortensius,)-250(71;)]TJ 0 -13.708 Td [(his)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 15.458 0 Td [(mot)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 19.091 0 Td [(on)-250(birth,)-250(70)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4931 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4932 0 R /Resources 4930 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4763 0 R /Annots [ 4897 0 R 4901 0 R 4902 0 R 4903 0 R 4904 0 R 4905 0 R 4906 0 R 4907 0 R 4908 0 R 4909 0 R 4910 0 R 4911 0 R 4912 0 R 4913 0 R 4914 0 R 4915 0 R 4916 0 R 4917 0 R 4918 0 R 4919 0 R 4920 0 R 4921 0 R 4922 0 R 4923 0 R 4924 0 R 4925 0 R 4926 0 R 4927 0 R 4928 0 R ] >> endobj 4897 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.238 515.797 289.601 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg370) >> >> endobj 4901 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.707 488.382 248.07 498.255] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg547) >> >> endobj 4902 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.3 474.674 225.663 484.547] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 4903 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [263.223 461.828 274.438 470.796] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 4904 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [249.587 447.259 265.95 457.132] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg555) >> >> endobj 4905 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.754 433.551 201.118 443.424] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg556) >> >> endobj 4906 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [282.925 419.855 294.139 429.673] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg556) >> >> endobj 4907 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [172.329 393.449 183.543 402.416] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg556) >> >> endobj 4908 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [188.998 393.449 205.361 402.416] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg609) >> >> endobj 4909 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [242.921 378.891 259.285 388.752] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg557) >> >> endobj 4910 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [243.521 365.172 259.885 374.892] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg609) >> >> endobj 4911 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [265.645 337.757 282.009 347.63] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg549) >> >> endobj 4912 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.663 324.911 242.027 333.922] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg555) >> >> endobj 4913 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [305.343 310.353 321.707 320.214] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg582) >> >> endobj 4914 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [302.605 297.496 318.968 306.354] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg613) >> >> endobj 4915 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.263 269.219 242.627 279.092] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg354) >> >> endobj 4916 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [216.565 256.373 227.78 265.341] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg354) >> >> endobj 4917 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.07 241.804 261.979 251.524] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg86) >> >> endobj 4918 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [338.081 228.107 354.445 237.969] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg524) >> >> endobj 4919 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [152.332 201.701 168.696 210.712] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg152) >> >> endobj 4920 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [279.881 187.132 296.245 196.852] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg448) >> >> endobj 4921 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [262.623 159.717 278.987 169.59] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg536) >> >> endobj 4922 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [277.492 146.009 288.401 155.729] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg88) >> >> endobj 4923 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [233.234 132.302 249.598 142.022] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg241) >> >> endobj 4924 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.02 118.594 238.383 128.314] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg448) >> >> endobj 4925 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [249.892 104.887 266.256 114.607] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg472) >> >> endobj 4926 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.085 91.19 277.449 101.052] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg566) >> >> endobj 4927 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [312.903 78.333 323.812 87.191] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg71) >> >> endobj 4928 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [211.427 64.626 222.336 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg70) >> >> endobj 4930 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4964 0 obj << /Length 3041 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(805)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Timarchus,)-250(his)-250(visit)-250(to)-250(the)-250(other)-250(world,)-250(526)-250(sq.)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Titinius)-216(Capito,)-223(writes)-217(a)-216(history)-217(of)-216(the)-216(victims)-217(of)-216(the)-216(Terror,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(167)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(Titus,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(his)-250(love)-250(of)-250(the)-250(East)-250(and)-250(superstition,)-250(449;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(visit)-250(to)-250(shrine)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Paphian)-250(Venus,)-250(472)]TJ -21.818 -13.702 Td [(Trade,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(great)-250(fair)-250(at)-250(Cremona,)-250(264;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(wandering)-250(traders,)-250(their)-250(colleges,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 147.84 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 88.333 0 Td [([639])]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -247.387 -13.703 Td [(immense)-250(development)-250(of,)-250(253,)-250(265;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(Juvenal)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(contempt)-250(for,)-250(98;)]TJ -36.96 -13.702 Td [(encouragement)-250(of,)-250(by)-250(Claudius,)-250(264)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Trajan,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(provision)-250(of,)-250(for)-250(poor)-250(children,)-250(192;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(his)-250(friendship)-250(with)-250(Dion)-250(Chrysostom,)-250(369)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(vows)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Arval)-250(Brotherhood)-250(for,)-250(542;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.04 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 6.97 0 Td [(Panegyric)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 47.564 0 Td [(on,)-250(43)]TJ -103.025 -13.703 Td [(Travel,)]TJ 21.818 -13.703 Td [(became)-250(general,)-250(205;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(example)-250(of)-250(Hadrian,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 92.094 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -103.309 -13.703 Td [(easy)-250(and)-250(luxurious,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 87.262 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -98.476 -13.703 Td [(facilities)-250(of)-250(posting,)-250(206;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(speed)-250(of,)-250(by)-250(land)-250(and)-250(sea,)-250(206;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(passion)-250(for)-250(change)-250(of)-250(scene,)-250(330)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(travels)-250(of)-250(Aristides,)-250(464;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(of)-250(Dion)-250(Chrysostom,)-250(368)]TJ -21.818 -13.703 Td [(Trimalchio,)-250(the,)-250(of)-250(Petronius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.702 Td [(sketches)-250(his)-250(own)-250(career,)-250(129;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(his)-250(estates,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 49.996 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -61.211 -13.703 Td [(description)-250(of,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 65.749 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -76.963 -13.702 Td [(surprises)-250(of)-250(his)-250(dinner,)-250(130;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(his)-250(libraries)-250(and)-250(his)-250(ignorance,)-250(131;)]TJ 0 -13.702 Td [(treatment)-250(of)-250(his)-250(wife,)-250(137;)]TJ 0 -13.703 Td [(gives)-250(an)-250(order)-250(for)-250(his)-250(monument,)-250(136)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4963 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4964 0 R /Resources 4962 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4966 0 R /Annots [ 4929 0 R 4933 0 R 4934 0 R 4935 0 R 4936 0 R 4937 0 R 4938 0 R 4939 0 R 4940 0 R 4941 0 R 4942 0 R 4943 0 R 4944 0 R 4945 0 R 4946 0 R 4947 0 R 4948 0 R 4949 0 R 4950 0 R 4951 0 R 4952 0 R 4953 0 R 4954 0 R 4955 0 R 4956 0 R 4957 0 R 4958 0 R 4959 0 R 4960 0 R ] >> endobj 4929 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [241.007 515.808 257.371 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg526) >> >> endobj 4933 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 490.781 84.953 498.265] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg167) >> >> endobj 4934 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.611 461.151 267.975 470.86] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg449) >> >> endobj 4935 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [251.611 447.448 267.975 457.157] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg472) >> >> endobj 4936 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [188.862 420.032 205.226 429.752] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg264) >> >> endobj 4937 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.248 406.329 249.462 416.158] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg264) >> >> endobj 4938 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.153 392.638 222.517 402.499] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg253) >> >> endobj 4939 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [227.971 392.638 244.335 402.499] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg265) >> >> endobj 4940 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [195.844 378.935 206.753 388.677] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg98) >> >> endobj 4941 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [232.204 365.222 248.568 374.942] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg264) >> >> endobj 4942 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [228.266 337.827 244.629 347.536] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg192) >> >> endobj 4943 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [257.687 324.114 274.051 333.834] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg369) >> >> endobj 4944 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [247.651 311.273 264.015 320.284] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg542) >> >> endobj 4945 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [187.979 296.708 198.888 306.461] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg43) >> >> endobj 4946 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [164.011 269.303 180.375 279.176] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg205) >> >> endobj 4947 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [182.502 255.611 193.717 265.43] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg205) >> >> endobj 4948 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [177.669 241.898 188.884 251.727] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg205) >> >> endobj 4949 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [180.102 228.195 196.466 237.915] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 4950 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [205.531 214.493 221.895 224.213] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 4951 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [216.429 200.79 232.793 210.51] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg330) >> >> endobj 4952 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [178.88 187.949 195.244 196.807] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg464) >> >> endobj 4953 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [184.957 173.385 201.32 183.105] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg368) >> >> endobj 4954 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.16 146.841 215.524 155.7] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg129) >> >> endobj 4955 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [140.404 133.139 151.619 142.106] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg129) >> >> endobj 4956 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [156.157 118.585 167.371 128.403] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg129) >> >> endobj 4957 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.517 104.883 208.88 114.592] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg130) >> >> endobj 4958 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [226.749 91.169 243.113 100.889] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg131) >> >> endobj 4959 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [186.451 78.328 202.815 87.186] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg137) >> >> endobj 4960 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [237.964 63.764 254.328 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg136) >> >> endobj 4965 0 obj << /D [4963 0 R /XYZ 90.408 408.708 null] >> endobj 4962 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 4996 0 obj << /Length 2575 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(806)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Trophonius,)-250(the)-250(oracle)-250(of,)-250(461)]TJ 0 -20.052 Td [(Ummidia)-250(Quadratilla,)]TJ 21.818 -13.759 Td [(character)-250(in)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 76.952 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(Letters,)-250(185;)]TJ -80.585 -13.759 Td [(builds)-250(a)-250(temple)-250(and)-250(amphitheatre)-250(for)-250(Casinum,)-250(224)]TJ -21.818 -20.052 Td [(Varro,)]TJ 21.818 -13.759 Td [(theology)-250(of,)-250(417,)-250(531)-250(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(on)-250(Magna)-250(Mater,)-250(547;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(Saturae)-250(Menippeae)-250(of,)-250(126)]TJ -21.818 -13.759 Td [(Veleia,)-250(tablet)-250(of,)-250(192)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(Verginius,)-250(Rufus,)-250(guardian)-250(of)-250(Pliny,)-250(145)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(Vespasian,)]TJ 21.818 -13.759 Td [(accession)-250(of,)-250(a)-250(moral)-250(revolution,)-250(1;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(his)-250(economies,)-250(32,)-250(227;)]TJ 0 -13.758 Td [(tolerance)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Stoic)-250(opposition)-250(by,)-250(40;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(treatment)-250(of)-250(astrologers,)-250(45;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(defamed)-250(by)-250(men)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Neronian)-250(circle,)-250(52;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(Hellenism)-250(of,)-250(89;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(love)-250(of)-250(old)-250(associations,)-250(148;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(his)-349(immense)-349(task;)-398(combined)-349(economy)-349(and)-348(liberality,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(148;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(banishes)-250(the)-250(astrologers,)-250(yet)-250(believes)-250(in)-250(them,)-250(449;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(consults)-250(the)-250(oracle)-250(on)-250(Mount)-250(Carmel,)-250(472;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(conservative)-250(in)-250(religion,)-250(536;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(restores)-370(the)-370(shrine)-371(of)-370(Magna)-370(Mater)-370(at)-370(Herculaneum,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(548;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(consents)-250(to)-250(work)-250(miracles)-250(at)-250(Alexandria,)-250(573)]TJ -21.818 -13.759 Td [(Vestinus,)-250(Atticus,)-250(suicide)-250(of,)-250(under)-250(Nero,)-250(48)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(Vestinus,)-580(Julius,)-580(chief)-515(pontiff)-514(of)-514(Egypt,)-580(a)-514(secretary)-514(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Hadrian,)-250(568)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(Virgil,)]TJ 21.818 -13.759 Td [(immense)-422(popularity)-423(of,)-465(his)-422(verses)-423(in)-422(the)-422(Graffiti)-422(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Pompeii,)-250(170;)]TJ 0 -13.759 Td [(pictures)-250(of)-250(rural)-250(scenery)-250(by,)-250(197;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 4995 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 4996 0 R /Resources 4994 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4966 0 R /Annots [ 4961 0 R 4967 0 R 4968 0 R 4969 0 R 4970 0 R 4971 0 R 4972 0 R 4973 0 R 4974 0 R 4975 0 R 4976 0 R 4977 0 R 4978 0 R 4979 0 R 4980 0 R 4981 0 R 4982 0 R 4983 0 R 4984 0 R 4985 0 R 4986 0 R 4987 0 R 4988 0 R 4989 0 R 4990 0 R 4991 0 R 4992 0 R ] >> endobj 4961 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [231.096 515.808 247.459 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg461) >> >> endobj 4967 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [260.485 481.986 276.849 491.858] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg185) >> >> endobj 4968 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [344.43 468.238 360.794 477.947] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg224) >> >> endobj 4969 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.631 434.416 208.994 444.288] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg417) >> >> endobj 4970 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.449 434.416 230.812 444.288] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg531) >> >> endobj 4971 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [215.343 420.657 231.707 430.529] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg547) >> >> endobj 4972 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [238.361 406.909 254.725 416.618] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg126) >> >> endobj 4973 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [190.798 394.001 207.161 402.859] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg192) >> >> endobj 4974 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [276.565 379.38 292.928 389.253] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg145) >> >> endobj 4975 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [282.303 352.724 287.758 361.582] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg1) >> >> endobj 4976 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [204.751 338.965 215.66 347.823] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 4977 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [221.114 338.965 237.478 347.823] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg227) >> >> endobj 4978 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [298.078 324.344 308.987 334.064] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg40) >> >> endobj 4979 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [246.249 310.585 257.158 320.458] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg45) >> >> endobj 4980 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [313.492 296.826 324.401 306.699] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg52) >> >> endobj 4981 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [199.296 283.929 210.205 292.788] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg89) >> >> endobj 4982 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.354 270.17 261.718 279.029] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg148) >> >> endobj 4983 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 242.862 153.543 251.721] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg148) >> >> endobj 4984 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [339.881 228.242 356.245 237.962] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg449) >> >> endobj 4985 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [304.132 215.345 320.496 224.203] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg472) >> >> endobj 4986 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [245.649 200.724 262.012 210.597] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg536) >> >> endobj 4987 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [137.18 174.278 153.543 183.288] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg548) >> >> endobj 4988 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [318.052 160.519 334.416 169.53] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg573) >> >> endobj 4989 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [298.972 146.76 309.881 155.618] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg48) >> >> endobj 4990 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [155.954 119.452 172.318 128.462] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg568) >> >> endobj 4991 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [179.005 77.534 195.369 87.243] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg170) >> >> endobj 4992 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.99 63.764 278.354 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg197) >> >> endobj 4994 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5029 0 obj << /Length 3386 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(Index)-21947(807)]TJ 0 g 0 G /F23 10.9091 Tf 43.637 -30.759 Td [(Sortes)-250(Virgilianae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 82.429 0 Td [(consulted)-250(by)-250(Hadrian,)-250(450;)]TJ -82.429 -13.955 Td [(Inferno)-250(of,)-250(its)-250(discordant)-250(conceptions,)-250(491)-250(sqq.;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(recitation)-250(of)-250(the)-250(Aeneid)-250(at)-250(Trimalchio)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 165.12 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.632 0 Td [(s)-250(table,)-250(131)]TJ -190.57 -13.956 Td [(Vitellius,)]TJ 21.818 -13.955 Td [(cruelty)-250(and)-250(ghastly)-250(end)-250(of,)-250(240;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(superstition)-250(of,)-250(449;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(profusion)-250(of,)-250(32;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(treatment)-250(of)-250(his)-250(freedman,)-250(Asiaticus,)-250(206;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(employs)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 39.698 0 Td [(Equites)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 35.454 0 Td [(as)-250(imperial)-250(secretaries,)-250(107;)]TJ -75.152 -13.955 Td [(his)-250(horoscope,)-250(449)]TJ -21.818 -21.036 Td [(Women,)]TJ 21.818 -13.955 Td [(high)-250(ideal)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(first)-250(century,)-250(77;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(growth)-250(of)-250(wider)-250(interests)-250(in,)-250(78;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(superstition)-250(among,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 88.789 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -100.003 -13.956 Td [(emancipation)-250(of,)-250(began)-250(long)-250(before)-250(the)-250(Empire,)-250(79;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(vices)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(the)-250(time)-250(of)-250(the)-250(elder)-250(Cato,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 167.552 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -178.767 -13.955 Td [(Roman)-250(ideal)-250(of,)-250(lasted)-250(to)-250(the)-250(end,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 149.378 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(;)]TJ -160.592 -13.956 Td [(cultivated)-250(women)-250(from)-250(Cornelia)-250(to)-250(Serena,)-250(80;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(growing)-250(influence)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(public)-250(life,)-250(81;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.956 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Mothers)-323(of)-324(the)-323(camp,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 99.448 0 Td [(patronae)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 39.393 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 2.727 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 8.372 0 Td [(Curia)-323(mulierum)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 74.333 0 Td [(at)]TJ -229.117 -13.549 Td [(Lanuvium,)-250(81;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(attractions)-250(of)-250(eastern)-250(cults)-250(for,)-250(82;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(Roman)-194(girls)-193(carefully)-194(guarded)-194(till)-194(marriage,)-205(when)-193(their)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(perils)-250(began,)-250(84;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(temptations)-250(of)-250(Roman)-250(matrons,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 140.301 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.215 0 Td [(;)]TJ -151.516 -13.956 Td [(dangers)-280(of)-281(the)-280(Circus,)-288(theatre,)-289(and)-280(gladiatorial)-280(shows,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(86;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(manners)-250(in)-250(the)-250(freedwomen)-250(class,)-250(135;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(good)-250(women)-250(of)-250(Pliny)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 94.243 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 3.633 0 Td [(s)-250(circle,)-250(145;)]TJ -97.876 -13.956 Td [(others)-250(of)-250(doubtful)-250(character,)-250(185;)]TJ 0 -13.955 Td [(Calpurnia,)-328(wife)-312(of)-312(Pliny;)-344(their)-312(ideal)-312(married)-313(life,)-327(188)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sq.;)]TJ 0 -13.956 Td [(beautiful)-250(character)-250(of)-250(a)-250(girl,)-250(189;)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5028 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5029 0 R /Resources 5027 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4966 0 R /Annots [ 4993 0 R 4997 0 R 4998 0 R 4999 0 R 5000 0 R 5001 0 R 5002 0 R 5003 0 R 5004 0 R 5005 0 R 5006 0 R 5007 0 R 5008 0 R 5009 0 R 5010 0 R 5011 0 R 5012 0 R 5013 0 R 5014 0 R 5015 0 R 5016 0 R 5017 0 R 5018 0 R 5019 0 R 5020 0 R 5021 0 R 5022 0 R ] >> endobj 4993 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [271.607 515.797 287.971 525.67] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg450) >> >> endobj 4997 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [258.56 501.852 274.924 511.561] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg491) >> >> endobj 4998 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [292.793 488.748 309.156 497.638] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg131) >> >> endobj 4999 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [209.175 459.975 225.538 469.695] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg240) >> >> endobj 5000 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [158.589 446.03 174.953 455.739] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg449) >> >> endobj 5001 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [149.491 432.074 160.4 441.783] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg32) >> >> endobj 5002 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [254.317 418.97 270.68 427.828] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg206) >> >> endobj 5003 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [267.953 404.152 284.317 413.872] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg107) >> >> endobj 5004 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [156.157 390.208 172.52 399.917] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg449) >> >> endobj 5005 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.753 355.205 247.662 364.925] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg77) >> >> endobj 5006 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [216.451 341.25 227.36 350.97] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg78) >> >> endobj 5007 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [179.197 327.294 190.411 337.123] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg78) >> >> endobj 5008 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [301.575 313.339 312.484 323.059] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg79) >> >> endobj 5009 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [257.96 300.245 269.175 309.212] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg79) >> >> endobj 5010 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [239.786 286.289 251 295.257] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg79) >> >> endobj 5011 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [281.589 272.334 292.498 281.192] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg80) >> >> endobj 5012 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [248.567 257.516 259.477 267.236] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg81) >> >> endobj 5013 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [140.71 230.873 151.619 239.732] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg81) >> >> endobj 5014 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [225.528 216.918 236.437 225.776] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg82) >> >> endobj 5015 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [148.88 188.551 159.79 198.271] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg84) >> >> endobj 5016 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [230.709 174.607 241.924 184.425] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg84) >> >> endobj 5017 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [90.408 147.953 101.317 156.811] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg86) >> >> endobj 5018 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [241.28 133.997 257.644 143.008] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg135) >> >> endobj 5019 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [224.938 119.18 241.302 129.053] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg145) >> >> endobj 5020 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [216.735 106.086 233.098 115.097] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg185) >> >> endobj 5021 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [311.038 91.269 327.401 100.989] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg188) >> >> endobj 5022 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [214.608 63.764 230.971 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg189) >> >> endobj 5027 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5037 0 obj << /Length 1102 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(808)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 43.637 -30.759 Td [(ideal)-250(of,)-250(in)-250(Seneca,)-250(329;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(light)-250(women)-250(keep)-250(fasts)-250(of)-250(Isis,)-250(553,)-250(565,)-250(570;)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(female)-250(worshippers)-250(of)-250(Magna)-250(Mater,)-250(557)]TJ -21.818 -19.004 Td [(Xenocrates,)-250(on)-250(bad)-250(daemons,)-250(431,)-250(433)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Xenophanes,)-250(on)-250(legend,)-250(544)]TJ 0 -19.004 Td [(Zoticus,)-230(freedman)-224(of)-225(Elagabalus,)-230(sources)-224(of)-225(his)-225(wealth,)-229(112)]TJ 95.128 -46.276 Td [(THE)-285(END)]TJ/F23 9.8629 Tf -104.991 -46.277 Td [(Printed)-231(in)-232(Great)-231(Britain)-231(by)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 109.185 0 Td [(R.)-231(&)-232(R.)-231(C)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 43.343 0 Td [(LARK)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 21.695 0 Td [(,)-231(L)]TJ/F16 7.9701 Tf 11.916 0 Td [(IMITED)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 27.888 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 5.251 0 Td [(Edinburgh)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 46.669 0 Td [(.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5036 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5037 0 R /Resources 5035 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4966 0 R /Annots [ 5023 0 R 5024 0 R 5025 0 R 5026 0 R 5030 0 R 5031 0 R 5032 0 R 5033 0 R 5034 0 R ] >> endobj 5023 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [223.22 516.659 239.583 525.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg329) >> >> endobj 5024 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [273.227 502.248 289.59 512.12] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg553) >> >> endobj 5025 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [295.045 502.248 311.408 512.12] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg565) >> >> endobj 5026 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [316.863 502.248 333.227 512.12] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg570) >> >> endobj 5030 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [301.983 488.699 318.347 498.571] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg557) >> >> endobj 5031 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [246.238 470.557 262.601 479.415] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg431) >> >> endobj 5032 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [268.056 470.557 284.419 479.415] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg433) >> >> endobj 5033 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [222.914 456.146 239.278 466.018] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg544) >> >> endobj 5034 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [357.81 437.142 374.173 446.862] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (Pg112) >> >> endobj 5035 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5038 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index23) >> endobj 5041 0 obj (Transcriber's Note) endobj 5074 0 obj << /Length 7865 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 18.9589 Tf 115.557 479.321 Td [(Transcriber)]TJ/F21 18.9589 Tf 87.382 0 Td [(\031)]TJ/F16 18.9589 Tf 6.313 0 Td [(s)-271(Note)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -162.481 -33.815 Td [(The)-250(following)-250(changes)-250(have)-250(been)-250(made)-250(to)-250(the)-250(text:)]TJ 21.819 -20.397 Td [(page)-250(xx,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.687 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Pages)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.45 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(added)-250(before)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 59.367 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(560-584)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.36 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -178.123 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(13,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.687 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(pannelled)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.414 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(panelled)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.96 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -186.61 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(14,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.687 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(aceticism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.203 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(asceticism)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.447 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -193.887 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(16,)-250(comma)-250(changed)-250(to)-250(semicolon)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 195.109 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(23)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -210.861 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(30,)-250(comma)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.021 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(17)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -141.774 -13.827 Td [(page)-250(33,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.687 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Bossier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.727 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Boissier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.76 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -175.723 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(53,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.687 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(proem.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.6 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.29 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(prooem.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.054 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -173.89 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(55,)-250(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 121.778 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(character)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.971 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(and)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.193 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(v)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.454 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -225.654 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(96,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.687 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(sick)-250(bed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.054 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(sick-bed)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.959 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -180.25 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(176,)-250(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.232 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Capitol)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.127 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -164.203 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(205,)-250(semicolon)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 144.207 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(sq.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 12.425 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -161.476 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(211,)-250(comma)-250(changed)-250(to)-250(period)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.589 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Henz)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.018 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -211.45 -13.827 Td [(page)-250(212,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(C\346sar)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.273 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Caesar)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.684 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -169.647 -13.828 Td [(page)-503(216,)-567(italics)-504(removed)-503(from)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 153.279 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Marq.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 26.356 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 8.91 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(wechselude)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.891 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -253.968 -13.549 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(wechselnde)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.891 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -106.025 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(224,)-250(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.232 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(wealth)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -161.16 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(228,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(medi\346val)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.426 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.29 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mediaeval)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.836 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -199.952 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(229,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(1)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.455 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(i.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.76 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -123.905 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(284,)-250(comma)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.476 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Boissier)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.76 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -172.08 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(289,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(fuhrt)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.208 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.29 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(f\374hrt)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.207 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -155.105 -13.827 Td [(page)-250(300,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(\306neas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.084 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Aeneas)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.106 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -173.88 -13.828 Td [(page)-462(305,)-515(period)-461(changed)-462(to)-462(comma)-462(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 200.339 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Burgmann)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.058 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(.)]TJ -256.084 -13.549 Td [(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 82.091 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(2)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.455 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -92.389 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(312,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(fastidiodosi)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.913 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(fastidiosi)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.004 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -203.607 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(320,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(intelliges)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.004 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(intelleges)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 41.815 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -194.509 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(325,)-250(italics)-250(removed)-250(from)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 138.763 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Laert.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.745 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -169.352 -13.828 Td [(page)-250(332,)-250(comma)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.476 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(female)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 29.683 0 Td [(\035)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5073 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5074 0 R /Resources 5072 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4966 0 R /Annots [ 5042 0 R 5043 0 R 5044 0 R 5045 0 R 5046 0 R 5047 0 R 5048 0 R 5049 0 R 5050 0 R 5051 0 R 5052 0 R 5053 0 R 5054 0 R 5055 0 R 5056 0 R 5057 0 R 5058 0 R 5059 0 R 5060 0 R 5061 0 R 5062 0 R 5063 0 R 5064 0 R 5065 0 R 5066 0 R 5067 0 R 5068 0 R 5069 0 R ] >> endobj 5042 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 422.731 102.822 432.603] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corrxx) >> >> endobj 5043 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 408.903 102.822 418.655] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr13) >> >> endobj 5044 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 395.075 102.822 404.828] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr14) >> >> endobj 5045 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 381.247 102.822 391] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr16) >> >> endobj 5046 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 367.419 102.822 377.172] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr30) >> >> endobj 5047 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 353.591 102.822 363.344] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr33) >> >> endobj 5048 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 339.763 102.822 349.636] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr53) >> >> endobj 5049 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 325.936 102.822 335.808] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr55) >> >> endobj 5050 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [261.233 325.936 299.088 335.808] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr55-2) >> >> endobj 5051 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 312.108 102.822 321.86] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr96) >> >> endobj 5052 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 298.28 108.277 308.033] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr176) >> >> endobj 5053 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 284.452 108.277 294.325] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr205) >> >> endobj 5054 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 270.624 108.277 280.377] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr211) >> >> endobj 5055 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 256.796 108.277 266.549] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr212) >> >> endobj 5056 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 242.969 111.042 252.721] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr216) >> >> endobj 5057 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [118.88 229.419 179.459 239.172] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr216a) >> >> endobj 5058 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 215.591 108.277 225.344] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr224) >> >> endobj 5059 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 201.764 108.277 211.516] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr228) >> >> endobj 5060 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 187.936 108.277 197.689] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr229) >> >> endobj 5061 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 174.108 108.277 183.861] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr284) >> >> endobj 5062 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 160.28 108.277 170.033] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr289) >> >> endobj 5063 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 146.452 108.277 156.205] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr300) >> >> endobj 5064 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 132.624 110.587 142.497] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr305) >> >> endobj 5065 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 119.086 125.24 128.828] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr305-2) >> >> endobj 5066 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 105.247 108.277 115] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr312) >> >> endobj 5067 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 91.42 108.277 101.172] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr320) >> >> endobj 5068 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 77.592 108.277 87.464] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr325) >> >> endobj 5069 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [68.59 63.764 108.277 73.517] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr332) >> >> endobj 5039 0 obj << /D [5073 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 5072 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5104 0 obj << /Length 9456 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(810)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(page)-250(338,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.141 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(\304\254)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 10.418 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(\304)]TJ/F27 10.9091 Tf 4.691 0 Td [(p)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.728 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -133.527 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(348,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.141 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Greich.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.411 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Griech.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 32.411 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -177.512 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(359,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.141 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Phil)-250(der.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.971 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Phil.)-250(der)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.971 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -186.632 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(397,)-250(comma)-250(changed)-250(to)-250(period)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 183.588 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Saturn)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.484 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -216.916 -13.55 Td [(page)-250(405,)-250(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.232 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(\300\261\301\261\264\271\264\277\315\302)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.48 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -183.556 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(407,)-250(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.232 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(64)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 10.909 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -142.985 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(415,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.141 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(xv;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 13.942 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(xv.;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.669 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -143.301 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(437,)-250(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.232 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Diss)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 19.396 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -151.472 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(457,)-250(p.)-250(added)-250(before)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 115.418 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(1051)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 21.818 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -142.079 -13.55 Td [(page)-250(459,)-250(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.232 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(piece)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.018 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -155.094 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(464,)-250(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.232 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.014 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -148.09 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(475,)-250(comma)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.476 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(23)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 10.91 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -147.229 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(480,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.141 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Aesclepius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.869 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Asclepius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.026 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -203.585 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(513,)-250(period)-250(removed)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 139.352 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Ad)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 13.331 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -157.527 -13.55 Td [(page)-250(517,)-250(comma)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.476 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(2)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.454 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -141.774 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(524,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.141 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mythop)]TJ/F48 10.9091 Tf 33.338 0 Td [(S)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.877 0 Td [(ic)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 7.876 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(mythopoeic)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 51.513 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -213.294 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(550,)-250(comma)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.476 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Foucart)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 33.327 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -169.647 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(556,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(ra\374mliche)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.626 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.57 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(r\344umliche)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.625 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -199.941 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(557,)-250(parenthesis)-250(removed)-250(before)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 168.436 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Puteoli)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 30.916 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -204.196 -13.55 Td [(page)-250(567,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Archaeol.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 42.709 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Arch\346ol.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.298 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -195.698 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(578,)-250(period)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 127.232 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F26 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(\272\304\273)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 16.014 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -148.09 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(584,)-250(comma)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.476 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(lonely)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 27.272 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -163.592 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(587,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Mithrasdientes)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.844 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.29 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Mithrasdienstes)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.087 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -246.621 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(614,)-250(italics)-250(added)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 113.923 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Mon.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 23.334 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -142.101 -13.55 Td [(page)-250(627,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Caeonius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 40.604 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.29 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Caeionius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 43.636 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -196.93 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(628,)-250(comma)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.476 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Aurelius)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.57 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(and)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 18.48 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Hadrian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 35.138 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -239.923 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(629,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 45.142 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Mithriac)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.571 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.571 0 Td [(changed)-250(to)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.291 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Mithraic)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 37.571 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -187.832 -13.549 Td [(page)-250(633,)-250(comma)-250(added)-250(after)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 131.476 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(ib.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 11.214 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -157.397 -17.455 Td [(Variations)-280(in)-279(hyphenation)-280(\050e.g.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 140.109 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(springtime)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.669 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.859 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(spring-time)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.302 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(\051,)]TJ -274.269 -13.549 Td [(capitalisation)-283(\050)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 64.898 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(inscription)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 46.669 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 5.905 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Inscription)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 47.269 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(\051)-283(and)-283(spelling)-283(\050)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 66.83 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(under)]TJ -255.789 -13.549 Td [(world)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 25.451 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 7.065 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(underworld)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 50.29 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 7.692 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(mediaeval)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.836 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 7.064 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(medieval)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.993 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(;)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 7.693 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(praetorian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 44.226 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -277.902 -13.55 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(pretorian)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 39.382 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(\051)-250(have)-250(not)-250(been)-250(changed.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5103 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5104 0 R /Resources 5102 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 4966 0 R /Annots [ 5070 0 R 5071 0 R 5075 0 R 5076 0 R 5077 0 R 5078 0 R 5079 0 R 5080 0 R 5081 0 R 5082 0 R 5083 0 R 5084 0 R 5085 0 R 5086 0 R 5087 0 R 5088 0 R 5089 0 R 5090 0 R 5091 0 R 5092 0 R 5093 0 R 5094 0 R 5095 0 R 5096 0 R 5097 0 R 5098 0 R 5099 0 R 5100 0 R 5101 0 R ] >> endobj 5070 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 515.797 155.049 526.488] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr338) >> >> endobj 5071 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 502.248 155.049 512] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr348) >> >> endobj 5075 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 488.699 155.049 498.571] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr359) >> >> endobj 5076 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 475.149 155.049 484.902] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr397) >> >> endobj 5077 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 461.306 155.049 472.291] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr405) >> >> endobj 5078 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 448.051 155.049 457.804] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr407) >> >> endobj 5079 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 434.502 155.049 444.374] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr415) >> >> endobj 5080 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 420.953 155.049 430.705] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr437) >> >> endobj 5081 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 407.403 155.049 417.276] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr457) >> >> endobj 5082 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 393.854 155.049 403.727] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr459) >> >> endobj 5083 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 380.305 155.049 390.734] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr464) >> >> endobj 5084 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 366.756 155.049 376.628] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr475) >> >> endobj 5085 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 353.207 155.049 362.959] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr480) >> >> endobj 5086 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 339.657 155.049 349.53] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr513) >> >> endobj 5087 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 326.108 155.049 335.981] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr517) >> >> endobj 5088 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 312.559 155.049 322.432] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr524) >> >> endobj 5089 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 299.01 155.049 308.882] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr550) >> >> endobj 5090 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 285.461 155.049 295.333] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr556) >> >> endobj 5091 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 271.911 155.049 281.784] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr557) >> >> endobj 5092 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 258.362 155.049 268.235] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr567) >> >> endobj 5093 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 244.813 155.049 255.242] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr578) >> >> endobj 5094 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 231.264 155.049 241.137] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr584) >> >> endobj 5095 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 217.715 155.049 227.587] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr587) >> >> endobj 5096 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 204.165 155.049 213.918] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr614) >> >> endobj 5097 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 190.616 155.049 200.369] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr627) >> >> endobj 5098 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 177.067 155.049 186.82] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr628) >> >> endobj 5099 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [315.303 177.067 360.129 186.82] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr628-2) >> >> endobj 5100 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 163.518 155.049 173.271] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr629) >> >> endobj 5101 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [115.362 149.969 155.049 159.798] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (corr633) >> >> endobj 5102 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F26 147 0 R /F27 148 0 R /F48 1960 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5107 0 obj << /Length 250 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 518.175 Td [(***END)-500(OF)-500(THE)-500(PROJECT)-500(GUTENBERG)-500(EBOOK)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(ROMAN)-500(SOCIETY)-500(FROM)-500(NERO)-500(TO)-500(MARCUS)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(AURELIUS***)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5106 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5107 0 R /Resources 5105 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5109 0 R >> endobj 5108 0 obj << /D [5106 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 5105 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5112 0 obj << /Length 32 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G endstream endobj 5111 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5112 0 R /Resources 5110 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5109 0 R >> endobj 5110 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF ] >> endobj 5113 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index24) >> endobj 5116 0 obj (Credits) endobj 5119 0 obj << /Length 410 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 18.9589 Tf 159.7 479.321 Td [(Credits)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -112.929 -37.877 Td [(October)-250(23,)-250(2010)]TJ 43.637 -19.003 Td [(Project)-250(Gutenberg)-250(TEI)-250(edition)-250(1)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Produced)-151(by)-152(Stefan)-151(Cramme)-152(and)-151(the)-152(Online)-151(Distributed)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Proofreading)-250(Team)-250(at)-250(http://www.pgdp.net)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5118 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5119 0 R /Resources 5117 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5109 0 R >> endobj 5114 0 obj << /D [5118 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 5117 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5122 0 obj << /Length 32 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G endstream endobj 5121 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5122 0 R /Resources 5120 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5109 0 R >> endobj 5120 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF ] >> endobj 5123 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index25) >> endobj 5126 0 obj (A Word from Project Gutenberg) endobj 5130 0 obj << /Length 3062 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 18.9589 Tf 63.689 479.321 Td [(A)-255(Word)-255(from)-255(Project)-255(Gutenberg)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -16.918 -32.422 Td [(This)-250(file)-250(should)-250(be)-250(named)-250(34122-pdf.pdf)-250(or)-250(34122-pdf.zip.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(This)-291(and)-291(all)-291(associated)-291(files)-291(of)-291(various)-291(formats)-291(will)-291(be)-290(found)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(in:)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf 19.637 -22.64 Td [(http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/3/4/1/2/34122/)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -7.681 -23.368 Td [(Updated)-447(editions)-446(will)-447(replace)-447(the)-447(previous)-446(one)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 220.746 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.782 0 Td [(the)-447(old)]TJ -248.484 -13.549 Td [(editions)-250(will)-250(be)-250(renamed.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(Creating)-308(the)-308(works)-308(from)-308(public)-308(domain)-308(print)-308(editions)-308(means)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(that)-220(no)-220(one)-219(owns)-220(a)-220(United)-220(States)-220(copyright)-219(in)-220(these)-220(works,)-226(so)-219(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Foundation)-324(\050and)-325(you!\051)-473(can)-325(copy)-324(and)-325(distribute)-324(it)-325(in)-324(the)-324(United)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(States)-163(without)-163(permission)-163(and)-163(without)-163(paying)-163(copyright)-163(royalties.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Special)-298(rules,)-310(set)-299(forth)-298(in)-298(the)-298(General)-298(Terms)-299(of)-298(Use)-298(part)-298(of)-298(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(license,)-360(apply)-337(to)-338(copying)-338(and)-337(distributing)-338(Project)-337(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.549 Td [(electronic)-247(works)-246(to)-247(protect)-246(the)-247(Project)-246(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 214.88 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.381 0 Td [(concept)-247(and)]TJ -228.261 -13.549 Td [(trademark.)-243(Project)-228(Gutenberg)-227(is)-228(a)-228(registered)-228(trademark,)-233(and)-227(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(not)-394(be)-394(used)-394(if)-393(you)-394(charge)-394(for)-394(the)-394(eBooks,)-430(unless)-394(you)-393(receive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(specific)-377(permission.)-630(If)-377(you)-377(do)-377(not)-377(charge)-377(anything)-377(for)-376(copies)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-468(this)-468(eBook,)-523(complying)-468(with)-468(the)-467(rules)-468(is)-468(very)-468(easy.)-904(You)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(may)-329(use)-329(this)-329(eBook)-329(for)-329(nearly)-329(any)-329(purpose)-329(such)-329(as)-329(creation)-328(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(derivative)-251(works,)-252(reports,)-251(performances)-251(and)-251(research.)-253(They)-251(may)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(be)-152(modified)-152(and)-152(printed)-153(and)-152(given)-152(away)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 170.977 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.569 0 Td [(you)-152(may)-152(do)-152(practically)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -183.546 -13.549 Td [(anything)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 41.786 0 Td [(with)-330(public)-331(domain)-330(eBooks.)-491(Redistribution)-331(is)-330(subject)]TJ -41.786 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(the)-250(trademark)-250(license,)-250(especially)-250(commercial)-250(redistribution.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5129 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5130 0 R /Resources 5128 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5109 0 R /Annots [ 5127 0 R ] >> endobj 5127 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [66.408 395.011 247.235 403.798] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/3/4/1/2/34122/) >> >> endobj 5124 0 obj << /D [5129 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 9 0 obj << /D [5129 0 R /XYZ 46.771 124.715 null] >> endobj 5128 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F51 5131 0 R /F23 22 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5132 0 obj << /S /GoTo /D (index26) >> endobj 5135 0 obj (The Full Project Gutenberg License) endobj 5141 0 obj << /Length 3266 >> stream 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G BT /F16 18.9589 Tf 97.958 479.321 Td [(The)-251(Full)-252(Project)-251(Gutenberg)-251(License)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf -4.415 -31.684 Td [(Please)-250(read)-250(this)-250(before)-250(you)-250(distribute)-250(or)-250(use)-250(this)-250(work.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 11.956 -13.55 Td [(To)-269(protect)-269(the)-268(Project)-269(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 144.428 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.623 0 Td [(mission)-269(of)-269(promoting)-268(the)]TJ -170.007 -13.549 Td [(free)-225(distribution)-225(of)-226(electronic)-225(works,)-230(by)-225(using)-225(or)-225(distributing)-225(this)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(work)-304(\050or)-304(any)-303(other)-304(work)-304(associated)-304(in)-303(any)-304(way)-304(with)-304(the)-303(phrase)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 0 -13.549 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Project)-270(Gutenberg)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.894 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(\051,)-275(you)-269(agree)-270(to)-270(comply)-269(with)-270(all)-269(the)-270(terms)-270(of)]TJ -89.582 -13.549 Td [(the)-268(Full)-269(Project)-268(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 116.649 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.618 0 Td [(License)-268(\050available)-268(with)-269(this)-268(file)-268(or)]TJ -130.267 -13.55 Td [(online)-250(at)-250(http://www.gutenberg.org/license\051.)]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 108.496 -35.486 Td [(Section)-283(1.)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -92.916 -44.421 Td [(General)-255(Terms)-254(of)-255(Use)-255(&)-254(Redistributing)-255(Project)]TJ 45.013 -17.095 Td [(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 13.1507 Tf 55.509 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf 16.415 0 Td [(electronic)-268(works)]TJ -3.524 -41.803 Td [(1.A.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -128.993 -25.902 Td [(By)-583(reading)-583(or)-583(using)-583(any)-583(part)-583(of)-583(this)-583(Project)-583(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.549 Td [(electronic)-405(work,)-443(you)-404(indicate)-405(that)-404(you)-405(have)-404(read,)-443(understand,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agree)-309(to)-309(and)-308(accept)-309(all)-309(the)-309(terms)-308(of)-309(this)-309(license)-309(and)-308(intellectual)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(property)-331(\050trademark/copyright\051)-332(agreement.)-493(If)-332(you)-331(do)-331(not)-331(agree)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-239(abide)-238(by)-239(all)-239(the)-238(terms)-239(of)-239(this)-238(agreement,)-241(you)-239(must)-239(cease)-238(using)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-195(return)-194(or)-195(destroy)-194(all)-194(copies)-195(of)-194(Project)-195(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 224.803 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.813 0 Td [(electronic)]TJ -237.616 -13.549 Td [(works)-268(in)-269(your)-268(possession.)-305(If)-268(you)-269(paid)-268(a)-268(fee)-269(for)-268(obtaining)-268(a)-268(copy)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-210(or)-209(access)-210(to)-210(a)-209(Project)-210(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 150.044 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.979 0 Td [(electronic)-210(work)-209(and)-210(you)-210(do)]TJ -163.023 -13.55 Td [(not)-307(agree)-307(to)-308(be)-307(bound)-307(by)-307(the)-307(terms)-307(of)-308(this)-307(agreement,)-321(you)-307(may)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(obtain)-292(a)-292(refund)-292(from)-293(the)-292(person)-292(or)-292(entity)-292(to)-292(whom)-292(you)-292(paid)-292(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fee)-250(as)-250(set)-250(forth)-250(in)-250(paragraph)-250(1.E.8.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5140 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5141 0 R /Resources 5139 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5109 0 R /Annots [ 5136 0 R 5137 0 R 5138 0 R ] >> endobj 5136 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [264.296 377.512 362.159 387.232] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense) >> >> endobj 5137 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [134.147 363.963 280.798 373.683] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.gutenberg.org/license) >> >> endobj 5138 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [217.743 63.764 243.499 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1E8) >> >> endobj 5133 0 obj << /D [5140 0 R /XYZ 93.543 529.134 null] >> endobj 5142 0 obj << /D [5140 0 R /XYZ 93.543 363.963 null] >> endobj 5143 0 obj << /D [5140 0 R /XYZ 93.543 254.119 null] >> endobj 5139 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F51 5131 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5149 0 obj << /Length 4406 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(The)-250(Full)-250(Project)-250(Gutenberg)-250(License)-9893(817)]TJ 0 g 0 G /F16 13.1507 Tf 129.354 -30.759 Td [(1.B.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -129.354 -27.866 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Project)-352(Gutenberg)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.79 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.681 0 Td [(is)-352(a)-352(registered)-351(trademark.)-556(It)-351(may)-352(only)-352(be)]TJ -94.315 -13.549 Td [(used)-395(on)-394(or)-395(associated)-394(in)-395(any)-395(way)-394(with)-395(an)-394(electronic)-395(work)-394(by)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(people)-347(who)-346(agree)-347(to)-346(be)-347(bound)-347(by)-346(the)-347(terms)-346(of)-347(this)-346(agreement.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(There)-531(are)-531(a)-531(few)-530(things)-531(that)-531(you)-531(can)-531(do)-531(with)-531(most)-530(Project)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 46.048 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.674 0 Td [(electronic)-273(works)-274(even)-273(without)-274(complying)-273(with)-274(the)]TJ -59.722 -13.549 Td [(full)-229(terms)-228(of)-229(this)-228(agreement.)-243(See)-229(paragraph)-228(1.C)-229(below.)-243(There)-228(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-330(lot)-331(of)-330(things)-330(you)-331(can)-330(do)-330(with)-331(Project)-330(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 223.321 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.295 0 Td [(electronic)]TJ -237.616 -13.549 Td [(works)-193(if)-192(you)-193(follow)-192(the)-193(terms)-193(of)-192(this)-193(agreement)-192(and)-193(help)-192(preserve)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(free)-284(future)-283(access)-284(to)-283(Project)-284(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 171.772 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.784 0 Td [(electronic)-284(works.)-350(See)]TJ -185.556 -13.549 Td [(paragraph)-250(1.E)-250(below.)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf 129.354 -43.303 Td [(1.C.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -129.354 -27.866 Td [(The)-686(Project)-687(Gutenberg)-686(Literary)-687(Archive)-686(Foundation)-686(\050)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 262.456 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(the)]TJ -267.299 -13.549 Td [(Foundation)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 49.702 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.901 0 Td [(or)-372(PGLAF\051,)-372(owns)-372(a)-372(compilation)-372(copyright)-372(in)-372(the)]TJ -58.603 -13.549 Td [(collection)-340(of)-339(Project)-340(Gut)1(enberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 140.176 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.395 0 Td [(electronic)-339(works.)-519(Nearly)-339(all)]TJ -154.571 -13.549 Td [(the)-233(individual)-232(works)-233(in)-233(the)-232(collection)-233(are)-233(in)-232(the)-233(public)-233(domain)-232(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-289(United)-288(States.)-367(If)-288(an)-289(individual)-289(work)-289(is)-288(in)-289(the)-289(public)-288(domain)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(in)-253(the)-252(United)-253(States)-253(and)-253(you)-252(are)-253(located)-253(in)-253(the)-252(United)-253(States,)-253(we)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(do)-332(not)-331(claim)-332(a)-331(right)-332(to)-332(prevent)-331(you)-332(from)-331(copying,)-352(distributing,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(performing,)-231(displaying)-226(or)-226(creating)-226(derivative)-226(works)-226(based)-226(on)-225(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(work)-232(as)-231(long)-232(as)-231(all)-232(references)-231(to)-232(Project)-231(Gutenberg)-232(are)-231(removed.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Of)-188(course,)-200(we)-187(hope)-188(that)-187(you)-187(will)-188(support)-187(the)-188(Project)-187(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.55 Td [(mission)-334(of)-334(promoting)-335(free)-334(access)-334(to)-334(electronic)-334(works)-334(by)-334(freely)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(sharing)-212(Project)-211(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 113.685 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 12.999 0 Td [(works)-212(in)-211(compliance)-212(with)-211(the)-212(terms)]TJ -126.684 -13.549 Td [(of)-441(this)-441(agreement)-441(for)-441(keeping)-441(the)-441(Project)-441(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 241.5 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.501 0 Td [(name)]TJ -257.001 -13.549 Td [(associated)-262(with)-262(the)-262(work.)-286(You)-262(can)-262(easily)-262(comply)-262(with)-262(the)-262(terms)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-283(this)-284(agreement)-283(by)-283(keeping)-284(this)-283(work)-283(in)-284(the)-283(same)-283(format)-283(with)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(its)-287(attached)-287(full)-287(Project)-287(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 151.285 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.821 0 Td [(License)-287(when)-287(you)-287(share)-287(it)]TJ -165.106 -13.549 Td [(without)-250(charge)-250(with)-250(others.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5148 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5149 0 R /Resources 5147 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5153 0 R /Annots [ 5145 0 R 5146 0 R ] >> endobj 5145 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [236.157 420.185 251.616 429.905] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1C) >> >> endobj 5146 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [93.113 365.988 107.96 375.708] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1E) >> >> endobj 5150 0 obj << /D [5148 0 R /XYZ 46.771 529.134 null] >> endobj 5151 0 obj << /D [5148 0 R /XYZ 46.771 354.098 null] >> endobj 5152 0 obj << /D [5148 0 R /XYZ 46.771 66.142 null] >> endobj 5147 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F51 5131 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5160 0 obj << /Length 3402 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(818)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G /F16 13.1507 Tf 128.993 -30.759 Td [(1.D.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -128.993 -29.35 Td [(The)-468(copyright)-467(laws)-468(of)-467(the)-468(place)-467(where)-468(you)-467(are)-468(located)-467(also)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(govern)-267(what)-268(you)-267(can)-267(do)-268(with)-267(this)-267(work.)-302(Copyright)-268(laws)-267(in)-267(most)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(countries)-366(are)-366(in)-366(a)-366(constant)-366(state)-366(of)-366(change.)-598(If)-366(you)-366(are)-366(outside)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-394(United)-394(States,)-430(check)-395(the)-394(laws)-394(of)-394(your)-394(country)-394(in)-394(addition)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-439(the)-440(terms)-439(of)-439(this)-439(agreement)-440(before)-439(downloading,)-486(copying,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(displaying,)-243(performing,)-243(distributing)-241(or)-241(creating)-240(derivative)-241(works)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(based)-268(on)-269(this)-268(work)-269(or)-268(any)-269(other)-268(Project)-269(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 221.57 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.62 0 Td [(work.)-305(The)]TJ -235.19 -13.549 Td [(Foundation)-344(makes)-343(no)-344(representations)-343(concerning)-344(the)-343(copyright)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(status)-250(of)-250(any)-250(work)-250(in)-250(any)-250(country)-250(outside)-250(the)-250(United)-250(States.)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf 129.722 -45.973 Td [(1.E.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -129.722 -29.351 Td [(Unless)-250(you)-250(have)-250(removed)-250(all)-250(references)-250(to)-250(Project)-250(Gutenberg:)]TJ 127.437 -27.168 Td [(1.E.1.)]TJ -127.437 -27.168 Td [(The)-259(following)-260(sentence,)-261(with)-260(active)-259(links)-259(to,)-262(or)-259(other)-259(immediate)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(access)-465(to,)-520(the)-465(full)-466(Project)-465(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 170.488 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.769 0 Td [(License)-465(must)-466(appear)]TJ -186.257 -13.55 Td [(prominently)-274(whenever)-275(any)-274(copy)-274(of)-275(a)-274(Project)-274(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 244.529 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.683 0 Td [(work)]TJ -258.212 -13.549 Td [(\050any)-421(work)-422(on)-421(which)-421(the)-422(phrase)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 148.755 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Project)-421(Gutenberg)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 81.549 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.44 0 Td [(appears,)]TJ -244.587 -13.549 Td [(or)-347(with)-346(which)-347(the)-346(phrase)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 115.849 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Project)-346(Gutenberg)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 80.732 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.624 0 Td [(is)-346(associated\051)-347(is)]TJ -210.049 -13.549 Td [(accessed,)-250(displayed,)-250(performed,)-250(viewed,)-250(copied)-250(or)-250(distributed:)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf 19.637 -25.35 Td [(This)-432(eBook)-432(is)-432(for)-432(the)-432(use)-433(of)-432(anyone)-432(anywhere)-432(at)-432(no)-432(cost)]TJ 0 -12.822 Td [(and)-345(with)-344(almost)-345(no)-344(restrictions)-345(whatsoever.)-534(You)-345(may)-344(copy)]TJ 0 -12.822 Td [(it,)-437(give)-400(it)-400(away)-400(or)-400(re-use)-400(it)-400(under)-400(the)-399(terms)-400(of)-400(the)-400(Project)]TJ 0 -12.822 Td [(Gutenberg)-476(License)-476(included)-476(with)-476(this)-475(eBook)-476(or)-476(online)-476(at)]TJ 0 -12.821 Td [(http://www.gutenberg.org)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 107.8 -40.246 Td [(1.E.2.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5159 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5160 0 R /Resources 5158 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5153 0 R /Annots [ 5155 0 R ] >> endobj 5155 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [113.18 104.237 215.636 113.025] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.gutenberg.org) >> >> endobj 5154 0 obj << /D [5159 0 R /XYZ 93.543 364.976 null] >> endobj 5161 0 obj << /D [5159 0 R /XYZ 93.543 302.729 null] >> endobj 5162 0 obj << /D [5159 0 R /XYZ 93.543 91.16 null] >> endobj 5158 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F51 5131 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5167 0 obj << /Length 3671 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(The)-250(Full)-250(Project)-250(Gutenberg)-250(License)-9893(819)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(If)-295(an)-295(individual)-295(Project)-295(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 151.639 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.91 0 Td [(electronic)-295(work)-295(is)-295(derived)]TJ -165.549 -13.549 Td [(from)-228(the)-229(public)-228(domain)-228(\050does)-228(not)-228(contain)-229(a)-228(notice)-228(indicating)-228(that)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(it)-184(is)-183(posted)-184(with)-183(permission)-184(of)-183(the)-184(copyright)-184(holder\051,)-196(the)-184(work)-183(can)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-256(copied)-256(and)-256(distributed)-256(to)-256(anyone)-256(in)-256(the)-256(United)-256(States)-255(without)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(paying)-230(any)-230(fees)-230(or)-230(charges.)-243(If)-230(you)-230(are)-230(redistributing)-230(or)-230(providing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(access)-248(to)-248(a)-248(work)-248(with)-248(the)-248(phrase)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 143.745 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Project)-248(Gutenberg)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 79.658 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.548 0 Td [(associated)]TJ -235.794 -13.549 Td [(with)-410(or)-411(appearing)-410(on)-410(the)-411(work,)-450(you)-410(must)-411(comply)-410(either)-410(with)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-424(requirements)-425(of)-424(paragraphs)-425(1.E.1)-424(through)-425(1.E.7)-424(or)-424(obtain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(permission)-280(for)-281(the)-280(use)-281(of)-280(the)-281(work)-280(and)-281(the)-280(Project)-280(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.55 Td [(trademark)-250(as)-250(set)-250(forth)-250(in)-250(paragraphs)-250(1.E.8)-250(or)-250(1.E.9.)]TJ 127.437 -38.607 Td [(1.E.3.)]TJ -127.437 -26.259 Td [(If)-344(an)-343(individual)-344(Project)-343(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 153.755 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.439 0 Td [(electronic)-344(work)-343(is)-344(posted)]TJ -168.194 -13.549 Td [(with)-551(the)-551(permission)-550(of)-551(the)-551(copyright)-551(holder,)-626(your)-551(use)-550(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distribution)-429(must)-429(comply)-429(with)-429(both)-429(paragraphs)-429(1.E.1)-428(through)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(1.E.7)-251(and)-250(any)-251(additional)-250(terms)-250(imposed)-251(by)-250(the)-251(copyright)-250(holder.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Additional)-524(terms)-524(will)-523(be)-524(linked)-524(to)-524(the)-524(Project)-523(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.55 Td [(License)-212(for)-211(all)-212(works)-212(posted)-211(with)-212(the)-212(permission)-211(of)-212(the)-211(copyright)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(holder)-250(found)-250(at)-250(the)-250(beginning)-250(of)-250(this)-250(work.)]TJ 127.437 -38.608 Td [(1.E.4.)]TJ -127.437 -26.258 Td [(Do)-275(not)-275(unlink)-275(or)-274(detach)-275(or)-275(remove)-275(the)-275(full)-275(Project)-274(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.549 Td [(License)-330(terms)-329(from)-330(this)-329(work,)-350(or)-329(any)-330(files)-330(containing)-329(a)-330(part)-329(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(this)-185(work)-185(or)-185(any)-185(other)-185(work)-185(associated)-185(with)-185(Project)-185(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 267.212 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.691 0 Td [(.)]TJ -150.466 -38.608 Td [(1.E.5.)]TJ -127.437 -26.258 Td [(Do)-457(not)-457(copy,)-508(display,)-509(perform,)-508(distribute)-457(or)-457(redistribute)-456(this)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(electronic)-441(work,)-488(or)-441(any)-441(part)-441(of)-440(this)-441(electronic)-441(work,)-488(without)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(prominently)-258(displaying)-257(the)-258(sentence)-258(set)-257(forth)-258(in)-258(paragraph)-257(1.E.1)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5166 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5167 0 R /Resources 5165 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5153 0 R /Annots [ 5156 0 R 5157 0 R 5163 0 R 5164 0 R ] >> endobj 5156 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [192.525 420.953 215.554 430.673] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1E1) >> >> endobj 5157 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [206.12 393.854 229.149 403.574] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1E8) >> >> endobj 5163 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [265.755 301.89 288.784 311.61] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1E1) >> >> endobj 5164 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [304.372 63.764 327.401 73.484] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1E1) >> >> endobj 5168 0 obj << /D [5166 0 R /XYZ 46.771 381.505 null] >> endobj 5169 0 obj << /D [5166 0 R /XYZ 46.771 235.344 null] >> endobj 5170 0 obj << /D [5166 0 R /XYZ 46.771 143.379 null] >> endobj 5165 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F51 5131 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5176 0 obj << /Length 3863 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(820)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(with)-394(active)-395(links)-394(or)-395(immediate)-394(access)-394(to)-395(the)-394(full)-395(terms)-394(of)-394(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Project)-250(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 79.68 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.418 0 Td [(License.)]TJ 34.339 -34.591 Td [(1.E.6.)]TJ -127.437 -24.07 Td [(You)-475(may)-476(convert)-475(to)-476(and)-475(distribute)-476(this)-475(work)-476(in)-475(any)-475(binary,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(compressed,)-556(marked)-495(up,)-556(nonproprietary)-495(or)-495(proprietary)-494(form,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(including)-439(any)-439(word)-439(processing)-439(or)-439(hypertext)-439(form.)-817(However,)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(if)-595(you)-595(provide)-595(access)-595(to)-595(or)-595(distribute)-595(copies)-595(of)-595(a)-595(Project)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 46.048 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.484 0 Td [(work)-256(in)-256(a)-256(format)-256(other)-256(than)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 122.795 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.844 0 Td [(Plain)-256(Vanilla)-256(ASCII)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 88.615 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -275.786 -13.549 Td [(or)-253(other)-253(format)-253(used)-254(in)-253(the)-253(official)-253(version)-253(posted)-253(on)-253(the)-253(official)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Project)-361(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 80.888 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.627 0 Td [(web)-361(site)-360(\050http://www.gutenberg.org\051,)-389(you)]TJ -95.515 -13.549 Td [(must,)-351(at)-331(no)-331(additional)-331(cost,)-351(fee)-331(or)-331(expense)-331(to)-330(the)-331(user,)-351(provide)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(a)-357(copy,)-384(a)-358(means)-357(of)-357(exporting)-357(a)-357(copy,)-385(or)-357(a)-357(means)-357(of)-357(obtaining)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-344(copy)-345(upon)-344(request,)-368(of)-344(the)-344(work)-344(in)-345(its)-344(original)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 217.486 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Plain)-344(Vanilla)]TJ -222.329 -13.549 Td [(ASCII)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 28.484 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 7.286 0 Td [(or)-224(other)-224(form.)-241(Any)-224(alternate)-224(format)-224(must)-224(include)-224(the)-224(full)]TJ -35.77 -13.549 Td [(Project)-250(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 79.68 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.418 0 Td [(License)-250(as)-250(specified)-250(in)-250(paragraph)-250(1.E.1.)]TJ 34.339 -34.591 Td [(1.E.7.)]TJ -127.437 -24.07 Td [(Do)-672(not)-672(charge)-672(a)-671(fee)-672(for)-672(access)-672(to,)-777(viewing,)-777(displaying,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(performing,)-516(copying)-463(or)-463(distributing)-463(any)-463(Project)-462(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.549 Td [(works)-250(unless)-250(you)-250(comply)-250(with)-250(paragraph)-250(1.E.8)-250(or)-250(1.E.9.)]TJ 127.437 -34.591 Td [(1.E.8.)]TJ -127.437 -24.07 Td [(You)-440(may)-440(charge)-440(a)-439(reasonable)-440(fee)-440(for)-440(copies)-440(of)-440(or)-439(providing)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(access)-361(to)-361(or)-361(distributing)-361(Project)-361(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 192.388 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.628 0 Td [(electronic)-361(works)]TJ -207.016 -13.549 Td [(provided)-250(that)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 12.546 -18.615 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.272 0 Td [(You)-218(pay)-218(a)-219(royalty)-218(fee)-218(of)-218(20%)-218(of)-219(the)-218(gross)-218(profits)-218(you)-218(derive)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(from)-212(the)-211(use)-212(of)-212(Project)-211(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 146.666 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13 0 Td [(works)-212(calculated)-211(using)]TJ -159.666 -13.549 Td [(the)-431(method)-432(you)-431(already)-432(use)-431(to)-432(calculate)-431(your)-431(applicable)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(taxes.)-1231(The)-577(fee)-577(is)-577(owed)-577(to)-577(the)-577(owner)-577(of)-577(the)-576(Project)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5175 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5176 0 R /Resources 5174 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5153 0 R /Annots [ 5171 0 R 5172 0 R ] >> endobj 5171 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [334.776 294.546 360.532 304.266] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1E1) >> >> endobj 5172 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [275.943 208.786 298.972 218.506] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1E8) >> >> endobj 5177 0 obj << /D [5175 0 R /XYZ 93.543 491.727 null] >> endobj 5178 0 obj << /D [5175 0 R /XYZ 93.543 284.025 null] >> endobj 5144 0 obj << /D [5175 0 R /XYZ 93.543 198.265 null] >> endobj 5174 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F51 5131 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5183 0 obj << /Length 4220 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(The)-250(Full)-250(Project)-250(Gutenberg)-250(License)-9893(821)]TJ 0 g 0 G 21.819 -30.759 Td [(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 46.047 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 17.639 0 Td [(trademark,)-734(but)-637(he)-637(has)-637(agreed)-637(to)-636(donate)]TJ -63.686 -13.549 Td [(royalties)-501(under)-501(this)-501(paragraph)-501(to)-501(the)-500(Project)-501(Gutenberg)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Literary)-576(Archive)-576(Foundation.)-1228(Royalty)-575(payments)-576(must)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(be)-538(paid)-537(within)-538(60)-537(days)-538(following)-538(each)-537(date)-538(on)-537(which)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(you)-605(prepare)-606(\050or)-605(are)-606(legally)-605(required)-606(to)-605(prepare\051)-605(your)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(periodic)-374(tax)-374(returns.)-622(Royalty)-374(payments)-374(should)-374(be)-374(clearly)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(marked)-303(as)-304(such)-303(and)-303(sent)-303(to)-304(the)-303(Project)-303(Gutenberg)-303(Literary)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Archive)-517(Foundation)-516(at)-517(the)-516(address)-517(specified)-517(in)-516(Section)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(4,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 12.486 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Information)-366(about)-365(donations)-366(to)-366(the)-365(Project)-366(Gutenberg)]TJ -17.329 -13.55 Td [(Literary)-250(Archive)-250(Foundation.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 128.159 0 Td [(\035)]TJ -137.432 -14.279 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.273 0 Td [(You)-425(provide)-425(a)-425(full)-424(refund)-425(of)-425(any)-425(money)-425(paid)-425(by)-425(a)-424(user)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(who)-339(notifies)-339(you)-340(in)-339(writing)-339(\050or)-339(by)-340(e-mail\051)-339(within)-339(30)-339(days)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-343(receipt)-343(that)-343(s/he)-343(does)-344(not)-343(agree)-343(to)-343(the)-343(terms)-343(of)-343(the)-343(full)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Project)-235(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 79.514 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.252 0 Td [(License.)-245(You)-235(must)-234(require)-235(such)-235(a)-235(user)]TJ -92.766 -13.549 Td [(to)-324(return)-324(or)-323(destroy)-324(all)-324(copies)-324(of)-323(the)-324(works)-324(possessed)-324(in)-323(a)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(physical)-322(medium)-321(and)-322(discontinue)-321(all)-322(use)-322(of)-321(and)-322(all)-321(access)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(other)-250(copies)-250(of)-250(Project)-250(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 158.454 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.418 0 Td [(works.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -181.145 -14.279 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.273 0 Td [(You)-427(provide,)-472(in)-427(accordance)-428(with)-427(paragraph)-427(1.F.3,)-472(a)-427(full)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(refund)-215(of)-216(any)-215(money)-216(paid)-215(for)-216(a)-215(work)-216(or)-215(a)-216(replacement)-215(copy,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(if)-245(a)-246(defect)-245(in)-245(the)-246(electronic)-245(work)-245(is)-246(discovered)-245(and)-245(reported)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(to)-250(you)-250(within)-250(90)-250(days)-250(of)-250(receipt)-250(of)-250(the)-250(work.)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf -9.273 -14.279 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 9.273 0 Td [(You)-278(comply)-279(with)-278(all)-279(other)-278(terms)-279(of)-278(this)-279(agreement)-278(for)-278(free)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distribution)-250(of)-250(Project)-250(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 144.534 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.418 0 Td [(works.)]TJ -52.334 -41.937 Td [(1.E.9.)]TJ -127.436 -28.107 Td [(If)-316(you)-315(wish)-316(to)-316(charge)-315(a)-316(fee)-316(or)-315(distribute)-316(a)-316(Project)-315(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.938 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.938 -13.55 Td [(electronic)-233(work)-233(or)-233(group)-233(of)-234(works)-233(on)-233(different)-233(terms)-233(than)-233(are)-233(set)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forth)-346(in)-347(this)-346(agreement,)-371(you)-346(must)-346(obtain)-347(permission)-346(in)-346(writing)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(from)-161(both)-160(the)-161(Project)-160(Gutenberg)-161(Literary)-160(Archive)-161(Foundation)-160(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Michael)-287(Hart,)-297(the)-287(owner)-287(of)-287(the)-287(Project)-287(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 219.853 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.824 0 Td [(trademark.)]TJ -233.677 -13.549 Td [(Contact)-250(the)-250(Foundation)-250(as)-250(set)-250(forth)-250(in)-250(Section)-250(3)-250(below.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5182 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5183 0 R /Resources 5181 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5153 0 R /Annots [ 5173 0 R 5184 0 R 5185 0 R 5179 0 R 5180 0 R ] >> endobj 5173 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [294.674 420.963 327.401 430.673] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense4) >> >> endobj 5184 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [46.771 407.403 327.401 417.156] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense4) >> >> endobj 5185 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [46.771 393.854 201.593 403.607] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense4) >> >> endobj 5179 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [272.441 284.001 294.87 293.721] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1F3) >> >> endobj 5180 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [213.735 79.971 254.644 87.454] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense3) >> >> endobj 5186 0 obj << /D [5182 0 R /XYZ 46.771 201.696 null] >> endobj 5187 0 obj << /D [5182 0 R /XYZ 46.771 66.142 null] >> endobj 5181 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F51 5131 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5194 0 obj << /Length 3549 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(822)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G /F16 13.1507 Tf 130.084 -30.759 Td [(1.F.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -2.347 -43.517 Td [(1.F.1.)]TJ -127.737 -27.775 Td [(Project)-1179(Gutenberg)-1179(volunteers)-1179(and)-1179(employees)-1179(expend)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(considerable)-684(effort)-684(to)-684(identify,)-792(do)-684(copyright)-684(research)-684(on,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(transcribe)-411(and)-410(proofread)-411(public)-411(domain)-410(works)-411(in)-411(creating)-410(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Project)-395(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 81.258 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.997 0 Td [(collection.)-684(Despite)-395(these)-394(efforts,)-431(Project)]TJ -96.255 -13.549 Td [(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 46.048 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.444 0 Td [(electronic)-344(works,)-368(and)-344(the)-344(medium)-344(on)-344(which)-344(they)]TJ -60.492 -13.55 Td [(may)-317(be)-316(stored,)-334(may)-317(contain)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 126.832 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Defects,)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 36.044 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 8.298 0 Td [(such)-317(as,)-333(but)-317(not)-317(limited)]TJ -176.017 -13.549 Td [(to,)-274(incomplete,)-275(inaccurate)-269(or)-270(corrupt)-269(data,)-275(transcription)-269(errors,)-274(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(copyright)-235(or)-235(other)-234(intellectual)-235(property)-235(infringement,)-238(a)-234(defective)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-210(damaged)-210(disk)-210(or)-211(other)-210(medium,)-218(a)-210(computer)-210(virus,)-218(or)-210(computer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(codes)-250(that)-250(damage)-250(or)-250(cannot)-250(be)-250(read)-250(by)-250(your)-250(equipment.)]TJ 127.737 -41.336 Td [(1.F.2.)]TJ -127.737 -27.774 Td [(LIMITED)-451(WARRANTY,)-451(DISCLAIMER)-451(OF)-451(DAMAGES)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 269.721 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.721 -13.549 Td [(Except)-473(for)-473(the)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 71.832 0 Td [(\034)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 4.843 0 Td [(Right)-473(of)-473(Replacement)-474(or)-473(Refund)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 152.146 0 Td [(\035)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.005 0 Td [(described)]TJ -238.826 -13.55 Td [(in)-550(paragraph)-550(1.F.3,)-625(the)-550(Project)-550(Gutenberg)-550(Literary)-549(Archive)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Foundation,)-432(the)-395(owner)-396(of)-395(the)-396(Project)-395(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 218.673 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.004 0 Td [(trademark,)]TJ -233.677 -13.549 Td [(and)-805(any)-805(other)-806(party)-805(distributing)-805(a)-805(Project)-805(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.549 Td [(electronic)-573(work)-572(under)-573(this)-572(agreement,)-653(disclaim)-573(all)-572(liability)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-662(you)-663(for)-662(damages,)-766(costs)-662(and)-663(expenses,)-765(including)-662(legal)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(fees.)-1105(YOU)-534(AGREE)-535(THAT)-535(YOU)-534(HAVE)-535(NO)-534(REMEDIES)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(FOR)-645(NEGLIGENCE,)-645(STRICT)-645(LIABILITY,)-646(BREACH)-644(OF)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(WARRANTY)-812(OR)-811(BREACH)-811(OF)-812(CONTRACT)-811(EXCEPT)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(THOSE)-504(PROVIDED)-504(IN)-504(PARAGRAPH)-503(F3.)-1013(YOU)-503(AGREE)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(THAT)-423(THE)-424(FOUNDATION,)-424(THE)-423(TRADEMARK)-423(OWNER,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(AND)-590(ANY)-590(DISTRIBUTOR)-590(UNDER)-590(THIS)-589(AGREEMENT)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(WILL)-941(NOT)-941(BE)-942(LIABLE)-941(TO)-941(YOU)-941(FOR)-941(ACTUAL,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(DIRECT,)-592(INDIRECT,)-591(CONSEQUENTIAL,)-592(PUNITIVE)-591(OR)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5193 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5194 0 R /Resources 5192 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5153 0 R /Annots [ 5191 0 R ] >> endobj 5191 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [108.03 226.354 180.072 236.074] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1F3) >> >> endobj 5195 0 obj << /D [5193 0 R /XYZ 93.543 502.313 null] >> endobj 5196 0 obj << /D [5193 0 R /XYZ 93.543 309.001 null] >> endobj 5192 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F51 5131 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5200 0 obj << /Length 3148 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(The)-250(Full)-250(Project)-250(Gutenberg)-250(License)-9893(823)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(INCIDENTAL)-492(DAMAGES)-492(EVEN)-492(IF)-492(YOU)-492(GIVE)-491(NOTICE)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(OF)-250(THE)-250(POSSIBILITY)-250(OF)-250(SUCH)-250(DAMAGE.)]TJ 127.737 -35.704 Td [(1.F.3.)]TJ -127.737 -24.646 Td [(LIMITED)-421(RIGHT)-421(OF)-422(REPLACEMENT)-421(OR)-421(REFUND)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 257.859 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.506 0 Td [(If)]TJ -273.365 -13.549 Td [(you)-434(discover)-434(a)-434(defect)-434(in)-434(this)-434(electronic)-434(work)-434(within)-434(90)-433(days)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-335(receiving)-334(it,)-356(you)-335(can)-335(receive)-334(a)-335(refund)-335(of)-334(the)-335(money)-335(\050if)-334(any\051)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(you)-369(paid)-369(for)-369(it)-370(by)-369(sending)-369(a)-369(written)-369(explanation)-369(to)-369(the)-369(person)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(you)-430(received)-430(the)-431(work)-430(from.)-790(If)-431(you)-430(received)-430(the)-430(work)-430(on)-430(a)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(physical)-231(medium,)-236(you)-231(must)-231(return)-232(the)-231(medium)-232(with)-231(your)-231(written)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(explanation.)-706(The)-402(person)-402(or)-402(entity)-402(that)-402(provided)-402(you)-402(with)-401(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(defective)-301(work)-301(may)-301(elect)-300(to)-301(provide)-301(a)-301(replacement)-301(copy)-301(in)-300(lieu)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-305(a)-305(refund.)-416(If)-305(you)-306(received)-305(the)-305(work)-305(electronically,)-319(the)-305(person)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-348(entity)-347(providing)-348(it)-347(to)-348(you)-347(may)-348(choose)-347(to)-348(give)-347(you)-348(a)-347(second)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(opportunity)-226(to)-226(receive)-225(the)-226(work)-226(electronically)-225(in)-226(lieu)-226(of)-226(a)-225(refund.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(If)-315(the)-315(second)-315(copy)-315(is)-315(also)-315(defective,)-331(you)-315(may)-315(demand)-315(a)-314(refund)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(in)-250(writing)-250(without)-250(further)-250(opportunities)-250(to)-250(fix)-250(the)-250(problem.)]TJ 127.737 -35.704 Td [(1.F.4.)]TJ -127.737 -24.646 Td [(Except)-618(for)-618(the)-618(limited)-618(right)-618(of)-618(replacement)-618(or)-618(refund)-618(set)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(forth)-485(in)-485(paragraph)-485(1.F.3,)-543(this)-485(work)-485(is)-485(provided)-485(to)-485(you)-484('AS-)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(IS,')-610(WITH)-610(NO)-610(OTHER)-610(WARRANTIES)-610(OF)-610(ANY)-610(KIND,)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(EXPRESS)-339(OR)-338(IMPLIED,)-339(INCLUDING)-339(BUT)-339(NOT)-338(LIMITED)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(TO)-401(WARRANTIES)-400(OF)-401(MERCHANTIBILITY)-401(OR)-400(FITNESS)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(FOR)-250(ANY)-250(PURPOSE.)]TJ 127.737 -35.704 Td [(1.F.5.)]TJ -127.737 -24.645 Td [(Some)-155(states)-155(do)-155(not)-155(allow)-155(disclaimers)-155(of)-155(certain)-155(implied)-154(warranties)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(or)-541(the)-540(exclusion)-541(or)-541(limitation)-541(of)-540(certain)-541(types)-541(of)-540(damages.)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(If)-587(any)-587(disclaimer)-587(or)-587(limitation)-587(set)-587(forth)-587(in)-587(this)-586(agreement)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5199 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5200 0 R /Resources 5198 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5203 0 R /Annots [ 5197 0 R ] >> endobj 5197 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [87.045 205.409 158.378 215.129] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense1F3) >> >> endobj 5189 0 obj << /D [5199 0 R /XYZ 46.771 493.425 null] >> endobj 5201 0 obj << /D [5199 0 R /XYZ 46.771 268.249 null] >> endobj 5202 0 obj << /D [5199 0 R /XYZ 46.771 142.39 null] >> endobj 5198 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5209 0 obj << /Length 3399 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(824)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(violates)-405(the)-405(law)-405(of)-405(the)-405(state)-405(applicable)-405(to)-406(this)-405(agreement,)-443(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(agreement)-251(shall)-251(be)-250(interpreted)-251(to)-251(make)-251(the)-251(maximum)-250(disclaimer)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-210(limitation)-211(permitted)-210(by)-211(the)-210(applicable)-211(state)-210(law.)-237(The)-210(invalidity)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(or)-297(unenforceability)-297(of)-297(any)-297(provision)-297(of)-297(this)-297(agreement)-297(shall)-296(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(void)-250(the)-250(remaining)-250(provisions.)]TJ 127.737 -34.869 Td [(1.F.6.)]TJ -127.737 -24.209 Td [(INDEMNITY)]TJ/F21 10.9091 Tf 69.759 0 Td [(\024)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 18.872 0 Td [(You)-730(agree)-730(to)-730(indemnify)-730(and)-730(hold)-730(the)]TJ -88.631 -13.549 Td [(Foundation,)-504(the)-454(trademark)-453(owner,)-505(any)-453(agent)-454(or)-453(employee)-453(of)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(the)-213(Foundation,)-220(anyone)-213(providing)-213(copies)-213(of)-213(Project)-212(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.549 Td [(electronic)-436(works)-436(in)-437(accordance)-436(with)-436(this)-436(agreement,)-483(and)-436(any)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(volunteers)-691(associated)-690(with)-691(the)-691(production,)-801(promotion)-690(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(distribution)-339(of)-338(Project)-339(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 147.433 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.384 0 Td [(electronic)-339(works,)-360(harmless)]TJ -161.817 -13.549 Td [(from)-330(all)-331(liability,)-350(costs)-330(and)-330(expenses,)-351(including)-330(legal)-330(fees,)-350(that)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(arise)-284(directly)-284(or)-284(indirectly)-284(from)-284(any)-284(of)-284(the)-284(following)-284(which)-283(you)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(do)-461(or)-461(cause)-461(to)-462(occur:)-672(\050a\051)-461(distribution)-461(of)-461(this)-461(or)-461(any)-461(Project)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 46.048 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.236 0 Td [(work,)-344(\050b\051)-325(alteration,)-344(modification,)-343(or)-325(additions)-325(or)]TJ -60.284 -13.549 Td [(deletions)-319(to)-319(any)-319(Project)-320(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 154.511 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.172 0 Td [(work,)-336(and)-320(\050c\051)-319(any)-319(Defect)]TJ -168.683 -13.549 Td [(you)-250(cause.)]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 108.496 -46.635 Td [(Section)-283(2.)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -76.074 -45.398 Td [(Information)-260(about)-259(the)-260(Mission)-260(of)-260(Project)]TJ 73.695 -17.096 Td [(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 13.1507 Tf 55.509 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -161.626 -26.391 Td [(Project)-400(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 81.319 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 15.057 0 Td [(is)-400(synonymous)-400(with)-401(the)-400(free)-400(distribution)]TJ -96.376 -13.549 Td [(of)-408(electronic)-409(works)-408(in)-408(formats)-408(readable)-409(by)-408(the)-408(widest)-408(variety)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-514(computers)-513(including)-514(obsolete,)-580(old,)-579(middle-aged)-514(and)-513(new)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(computers.)-1070(It)-524(exists)-523(because)-523(of)-524(the)-523(efforts)-524(of)-523(hundreds)-523(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(volunteers)-250(and)-250(donations)-250(from)-250(people)-250(in)-250(all)-250(walks)-250(of)-250(life.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5208 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5209 0 R /Resources 5207 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5203 0 R >> endobj 5210 0 obj << /D [5208 0 R /XYZ 93.543 450.94 null] >> endobj 5211 0 obj << /D [5208 0 R /XYZ 93.543 242.82 null] >> endobj 5207 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F21 14 0 R /F51 5131 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5216 0 obj << /Length 3442 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(The)-250(Full)-250(Project)-250(Gutenberg)-250(License)-9893(825)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Volunteers)-162(and)-163(financial)-162(support)-162(to)-163(provide)-162(volunteers)-162(with)-162(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(assistance)-198(they)-199(need,)-209(is)-198(critical)-198(to)-199(reaching)-198(Project)-198(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 263.732 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.691 0 Td [('s)]TJ -274.423 -13.549 Td [(goals)-309(and)-308(ensuring)-309(that)-309(the)-308(Project)-309(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 203.205 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.058 0 Td [(collection)-309(will)]TJ -217.263 -13.549 Td [(remain)-382(freely)-381(available)-382(for)-381(generations)-382(to)-382(come.)-644(In)-382(2001,)-414(the)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Project)-350(Gutenberg)-351(Literary)-350(Archive)-350(Foundation)-351(was)-350(created)-350(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(provide)-302(a)-303(secure)-302(and)-302(permanent)-303(future)-302(for)-302(Project)-302(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 269.939 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -269.939 -13.549 Td [(and)-609(future)-609(generations.)-1327(To)-609(learn)-609(more)-609(about)-609(the)-609(Project)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gutenberg)-414(Literary)-414(Archive)-413(Foundation)-414(and)-414(how)-414(your)-413(efforts)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-245(donations)-246(can)-245(help,)-246(see)-246(Sections)-245(3)-245(and)-246(4)-245(and)-245(the)-245(Foundation)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(web)-250(page)-250(at)-250(http://www.pglaf.org.)]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 108.496 -53.578 Td [(Section)-283(3.)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -98.12 -52.34 Td [(Information)-253(about)-253(the)-253(Project)-253(Gutenberg)-254(Literary)]TJ 76.986 -17.096 Td [(Archive)-276(Foundation)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -87.362 -30.22 Td [(The)-438(Project)-439(Gutenberg)-438(Literary)-438(Archive)-439(Foundation)-438(is)-438(a)-438(non)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(profit)-176(501\050c\051\0503\051)-176(educational)-176(corporation)-176(organized)-176(under)-176(the)-175(laws)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(of)-303(the)-304(state)-303(of)-304(Mississippi)-303(and)-303(granted)-304(tax)-303(exempt)-304(status)-303(by)-303(the)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Internal)-319(Revenue)-319(Service.)-457(The)-319(Foundation's)-319(EIN)-319(or)-319(federal)-318(tax)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(identification)-179(number)-179(is)-178(64-6221541.)-227(Its)-178(501\050c\051\0503\051)-179(letter)-179(is)-178(posted)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(at)-549(http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf.)-1148(Contributions)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-404(the)-403(Project)-404(Gutenberg)-404(Literary)-403(Archive)-404(Foundation)-404(are)-403(tax)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(deductible)-306(to)-306(the)-306(full)-307(extent)-306(permitted)-306(by)-306(U.S.)-306(federal)-306(laws)-306(and)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(your)-250(state's)-250(laws.)]TJ 11.956 -14.265 Td [(The)-214(Foundation's)-214(principal)-213(office)-214(is)-214(located)-214(at)-214(4557)-214(Melan)-213(Dr.)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(S.)-297(Fairbanks,)-309(AK,)-298(99712.,)-309(but)-297(its)-298(volunteers)-297(and)-297(employees)-297(are)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(scattered)-343(throughout)-343(numerous)-344(locations.)-529(Its)-343(business)-343(office)-343(is)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(located)-197(at)-197(809)-197(North)-197(1500)-197(West,)-208(Salt)-197(Lake)-197(City,)-208(UT)-197(84116,)-207(\050801\051)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(596-1887,)-225(email)-218(business@pglaf.org.)-239(Email)-219(contact)-218(links)-218(and)-218(up)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5215 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5216 0 R /Resources 5214 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5203 0 R /Annots [ 5204 0 R 5205 0 R 5206 0 R 5212 0 R ] >> endobj 5204 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [208.573 407.414 214.028 417.123] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense3) >> >> endobj 5205 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [0 1 1] /Rect [235.133 407.414 240.587 417.123] /Subtype /Link /A << /S /GoTo /D (pglicense4) >> >> endobj 5206 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [101.6 393.854 193.717 403.574] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.pglaf.org) >> >> endobj 5212 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [60.641 172.873 252.139 182.593] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf) >> >> endobj 5190 0 obj << /D [5215 0 R /XYZ 46.771 380.081 null] >> endobj 5214 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F51 5131 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5220 0 obj << /Length 3122 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(826)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(to)-227(date)-227(contact)-227(information)-227(can)-227(be)-227(found)-227(at)-227(the)-227(Foundation's)-227(web)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(site)-250(and)-250(official)-250(page)-250(at)-250(http://www.pglaf.org)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(For)-250(additional)-250(contact)-250(information:)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf 7.681 -22.095 Td [(Dr.)-250(Gregory)-250(B.)-250(Newby)]TJ 0 -12.822 Td [(Chief)-250(Executive)-250(and)-250(Director)]TJ 0 -12.822 Td [(gbnewby@pglaf.org)]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 88.859 -58.864 Td [(Section)-283(4.)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -81.497 -44.805 Td [(Information)-258(about)-258(Donations)-258(to)-258(the)-259(Project)]TJ 8.107 -17.096 Td [(Gutenberg)-261(Literary)-260(Archive)-261(Foundation)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -35.106 -26.095 Td [(Project)-329(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 80.543 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.28 0 Td [(depends)-329(upon)-329(and)-329(cannot)-329(survive)-329(without)]TJ -94.823 -13.549 Td [(wide)-217(spread)-217(public)-217(support)-217(and)-217(donations)-217(to)-217(carry)-217(out)-217(its)-217(mission)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(of)-334(increasing)-334(the)-334(number)-334(of)-334(public)-334(domain)-334(and)-334(licensed)-334(works)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(that)-192(can)-193(be)-192(freely)-193(distributed)-192(in)-192(machine)-193(readable)-192(form)-192(accessible)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(by)-261(the)-261(widest)-261(array)-261(of)-261(equipment)-261(including)-261(outdated)-261(equipment.)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(Many)-303(small)-302(donations)-303(\050$1)-303(to)-302($5,000\051)-303(are)-303(particularly)-302(important)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(to)-250(maintaining)-250(tax)-250(exempt)-250(status)-250(with)-250(the)-250(IRS.)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(The)-460(Foundation)-461(is)-460(committed)-461(to)-460(complying)-461(with)-460(the)-460(laws)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(regulating)-353(charities)-352(and)-353(charitable)-352(donations)-352(in)-353(all)-352(50)-353(states)-352(of)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-430(United)-429(States.)-789(Compliance)-430(requirements)-429(are)-430(not)-429(uniform)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-389(it)-389(takes)-389(a)-389(considerable)-389(effort,)-424(much)-389(paperwork)-389(and)-389(many)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(fees)-489(to)-489(meet)-489(and)-489(keep)-489(up)-489(with)-489(these)-489(requirements.)-967(We)-489(do)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(not)-396(solicit)-395(donations)-396(in)-396(locations)-396(where)-395(we)-396(have)-396(not)-395(received)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(written)-234(confirmation)-233(of)-234(compliance.)-244(To)-233(SEND)-234(DONATIONS)-233(or)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(determine)-309(the)-310(status)-309(of)-310(compliance)-309(for)-309(any)-310(particular)-309(state)-309(visit)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate)]TJ 11.956 -13.549 Td [(While)-305(we)-304(cannot)-305(and)-304(do)-305(not)-305(solicit)-304(contributions)-305(from)-304(states)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(where)-323(we)-323(have)-322(not)-323(met)-323(the)-323(solicitation)-323(requirements,)-341(we)-322(know)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5219 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5220 0 R /Resources 5218 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5203 0 R /Annots [ 5213 0 R 5217 0 R ] >> endobj 5213 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [198.063 502.248 290.179 511.968] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.pglaf.org) >> >> endobj 5217 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [93.543 90.862 291.707 100.582] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate) >> >> endobj 5188 0 obj << /D [5219 0 R /XYZ 93.543 420.153 null] >> endobj 5218 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F51 5131 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5224 0 obj << /Length 3284 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 46.771 548.934 Td [(The)-250(Full)-250(Project)-250(Gutenberg)-250(License)-9893(827)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 -30.759 Td [(of)-366(no)-365(prohibition)-366(against)-366(accepting)-365(unsolicited)-366(donations)-365(from)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(donors)-250(in)-250(such)-250(states)-250(who)-250(approach)-250(us)-250(with)-250(offers)-250(to)-250(donate.)]TJ 11.956 -14.186 Td [(International)-237(donations)-237(are)-237(gratefully)-238(accepted,)-239(but)-237(we)-237(cannot)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(make)-533(any)-532(statements)-533(concerning)-533(tax)-532(treatment)-533(of)-532(donations)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(received)-256(from)-255(outside)-256(the)-255(United)-256(States.)-267(U.S.)-255(laws)-256(alone)-255(swamp)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(our)-250(small)-250(staff.)]TJ 11.956 -14.186 Td [(Please)-413(check)-413(the)-412(Project)-413(Gutenberg)-413(Web)-413(pages)-413(for)-412(current)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(donation)-467(methods)-467(and)-467(addresses.)-900(Donations)-467(are)-467(accepted)-466(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(a)-517(number)-516(of)-517(other)-517(ways)-517(including)-516(checks,)-584(online)-516(payments)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(and)-884(credit)-884(card)-885(donations.)-2152(To)-884(donate,)-1043(please)-884(visit:)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate)]TJ/F16 15.7808 Tf 108.496 -52.862 Td [(Section)-283(5.)]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -96.338 -51.624 Td [(General)-254(Information)-253(About)-254(Project)-254(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 13.1507 Tf 243.427 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 13.1507 Tf -160.742 -17.096 Td [(electronic)-279(works.)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -94.843 -29.823 Td [(Professor)-596(Michael)-597(S.)-596(Hart)-596(is)-596(the)-597(originator)-596(of)-596(the)-596(Project)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 46.048 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 13.755 0 Td [(concept)-281(of)-281(a)-281(library)-281(of)-281(electronic)-281(works)-281(that)-281(could)]TJ -59.803 -13.549 Td [(be)-436(freely)-436(shared)-436(with)-436(anyone.)-807(For)-436(thirty)-436(years,)-483(he)-435(produced)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(and)-357(distributed)-357(Project)-358(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 151.064 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.588 0 Td [(eBooks)-357(with)-357(only)-358(a)-357(loose)]TJ -165.652 -13.549 Td [(network)-250(of)-250(volunteer)-250(support.)]TJ 11.956 -14.186 Td [(Project)-379(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 81.091 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 14.829 0 Td [(eBooks)-379(are)-380(often)-379(created)-379(from)-380(several)]TJ -107.876 -13.549 Td [(printed)-248(editions,)-248(all)-248(of)-247(which)-248(are)-248(confirmed)-247(as)-248(Public)-248(Domain)-247(in)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(the)-303(U.S.)-302(unless)-303(a)-303(copyright)-303(notice)-302(is)-303(included.)-408(Thus,)-316(we)-303(do)-302(not)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(necessarily)-216(keep)-217(eBooks)-216(in)-216(compliance)-217(with)-216(any)-216(particular)-216(paper)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(edition.)]TJ 11.956 -14.185 Td [(Each)-355(eBook)-356(is)-355(in)-356(a)-355(subdirectory)-356(of)-355(the)-356(same)-355(number)-356(as)-355(the)]TJ -11.956 -13.55 Td [(eBook's)-266(eBook)-266(number,)-269(often)-266(in)-266(several)-266(formats)-266(including)-265(plain)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(vanilla)-250(ASCII,)-250(compressed)-250(\050zipped\051,)-250(HTML)-250(and)-250(others.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5223 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5224 0 R /Resources 5222 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5203 0 R /Annots [ 5221 0 R ] >> endobj 5221 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [46.771 379.032 244.935 388.752] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate) >> >> endobj 5225 0 obj << /D [5223 0 R /XYZ 46.771 365.577 null] >> endobj 5222 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F51 5131 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5229 0 obj << /Length 1690 >> stream 0 g 0 G BT /F16 10.9091 Tf 93.543 548.934 Td [(828)-5671(Roman)-250(Society)-250(from)-250(Nero)-250(to)-250(Marcus)-250(Aurelius)]TJ 0 g 0 G 11.956 -30.759 Td [(Corrected)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 45.766 0 Td [(editions)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 37.301 0 Td [(of)-252(our)-252(eBooks)-253(replace)-252(the)-252(old)-253(fil)1(e)-253(and)-252(take)]TJ -95.023 -13.549 Td [(over)-285(the)-286(old)-285(filename)-286(and)-285(etext)-286(number.)-356(The)-286(replaced)-285(older)-285(file)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(is)-367(renamed.)]TJ/F23 10.9091 Tf 58.126 0 Td [(Versions)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 42.185 0 Td [(based)-367(on)-367(separate)-367(sources)-367(are)-367(treated)-367(as)]TJ -100.311 -13.549 Td [(new)-250(eBooks)-250(receiving)-250(new)-250(filenames)-250(and)-250(etext)-250(numbers.)]TJ 11.956 -13.55 Td [(Most)-416(people)-416(start)-416(at)-416(our)-416(Web)-416(site)-416(which)-416(has)-416(the)-416(main)-415(PG)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(search)-250(facility:)]TJ/F16 9.8629 Tf 19.637 -22.64 Td [(http://www.gutenberg.org)]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf -7.681 -23.367 Td [(This)-1077(Web)-1077(site)-1078(includes)-1077(information)-1077(about)-1077(Project)]TJ -11.956 -13.549 Td [(Gutenberg)]TJ/F51 10.9091 Tf 46.048 0 Td [(")]TJ/F16 10.9091 Tf 10.691 0 Td [(,)-418(including)-384(how)-384(to)-384(make)-385(donations)-384(to)-384(the)-384(Project)]TJ -56.739 -13.549 Td [(Gutenberg)-397(Literary)-396(Archive)-397(Foundation,)-433(how)-396(to)-397(help)-396(produce)]TJ 0 -13.55 Td [(our)-230(new)-230(eBooks,)-234(and)-230(how)-230(to)-230(subscribe)-230(to)-230(our)-230(email)-230(newsletter)-229(to)]TJ 0 -13.549 Td [(hear)-250(about)-250(new)-250(eBooks.)]TJ 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G 0 g 0 G ET endstream endobj 5228 0 obj << /Type /Page /Contents 5229 0 R /Resources 5227 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 419.528 595.276] /Parent 5203 0 R /Annots [ 5226 0 R ] >> endobj 5226 0 obj << /Type /Annot /BS << /Type /Border /S /U >> /H /I /C [1 0.5 0.5] /Rect [113.18 425.639 215.636 434.427] /Subtype /Link /A << /Type /Action /S /URI /URI (http://www.gutenberg.org) >> >> endobj 5227 0 obj << /Font << /F16 7 0 R /F23 22 0 R /F51 5131 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] >> endobj 5231 0 obj [980] endobj 5232 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /Times-Roman /Flags 34 /FontBBox [0 0 1000 0] /Ascent 0 /CapHeight 0 /Descent 0 /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /XHeight 450 >> endobj 5234 0 obj [722] endobj 5235 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /Times-Roman /Flags 34 /FontBBox [0 0 1000 0] /Ascent 0 /CapHeight 0 /Descent 0 /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /XHeight 450 >> endobj 5237 0 obj [889 0 0 0 333 333] endobj 5238 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /Times-Italic /Flags 34 /FontBBox [0 0 1000 0] /Ascent 0 /CapHeight 0 /Descent 0 /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /XHeight 441 >> endobj 5239 0 obj [525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 669 669 834 844 805 805 669 669 420 420 420 420 420 420 0 0 683 683 847 857 818 818 0 0 534 534 534 534 534 534 534 534 840 840 1005 1015 976 976 840 840 294 294 294 294 294 294 294 294 494 494 659 668 629 629 494 494 498 498 498 498 498 498 0 0 762 762 927 937 849 849 0 0 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 507 0 818 0 993 0 954 0 818 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 788 788 952 962 874 874 788 788 525 525 420 420 534 534 294 294 498 498 507 507 700 700 0 0 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 525 964 964 1129 1139 1100 1100 964 964 534 534 534 534 534 534 534 534 1135 1135 1300 1310 1270 1270 1135 1135 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 700 1083 1083 1247 1257 1218 1218 1083 1083 525 525 525 525 525 0 525 525 595 595 704 708 890 187 294 187 401 401 534 534 534 0 534 534 717 721 875 878 948 351 322 187 294 294 294 294 0 0 294 294 317 317 529 532 0 361 322 187 507 507 507 507 478 478 507 507 583 583 853 856 709 395 395 221 0 0 700 700 700 0 700 700] endobj 5240 0 obj << /Length1 17392 /Length 17392 >> stream  €POS/2pgéP,ÜVcmapÝÕp´@´:cvt †G@fpgm2MsfÜbglyf —Ä)$headÚ˜o{-46hhea J~-l$hmtxñtœ-àloca ÷†+èòmaxp’r/p nameXA|/ ~postŠº,%<¤prep‹-\h¸,K¸ PX±ŽY¸ÿ…¸D¹ _^-¸, EiD°`-¸,¸*!-¸, F°%FRX#Y Š ŠIdŠ F had°%F hadRX#eŠY/ °SXi °TX!°@Yi °TX!°@eYY:-¸, F°%FRX#ŠY F jad°%F jadRX#ŠY/ý-¸,K °&PXQX°€D°@DY!! E°ÀPX°ÀD!YY-¸, EiD°` E}iD°`-¸,¸*-¸,K °&SX°€°@YŠŠ °&SX#!°ÀŠŠŠ#Y °&SX#!¸ŠŠŠ#Y °&SX#!¸@ŠŠŠ#Y ¸&SX°%E¸€PX#!¸€#!°%E#!#!Y!YD-¸ ,KSXED!!Y-*+Pn‚þ ¢ì9¸+º+º+¾L</"+¾G</"+¾€fP9"+¾xfP9"+º+¸ E}iDÿÿPÿáû&]^gÿÿPÿáù&]_gÿÿPÿá&]`–ÿÿPÿá&]anÿÿPÿá&]bðÿÿPÿá&]cúÿÿPÿáÈ&]dgÿÿ!G˜'e™^ÿÿ2G–'e™_ÿÿ!\¢'e®bÿÿ\¢'e®cÿÿÿeGe'e™dÿÿFÿá9û&f^&ÿÿFÿá9ù&f_&ÿÿFÿá9&faUÿÿFÿá†&fb¯ÿÿFÿá&fc¹ÿÿ!9˜'g^ÿÿ29–'g_ÿÿ!N¢'g”bÿÿN¢'g”cÿÿ7þHØû&h^ÿÿ7þHØù&h_ÿÿ7þHØ&h`æÿÿ7þHØ&ha¾ÿÿ7þHï&hbÿÿ7þHù&hc"ÿÿ7þHØÈ&hdÿÿ7þHØÈ&hiÿÿ2u–'j_ÿÿŠ¢'j”cÿÿFÿáCû&k^iÿÿFÿáCù&k_iÿÿÿÊÿáU&ka™ÿÿÿáÊ&kbóÿÿÿáÔ&kcýÿÿÿÎÿáxÈ&kdiÿÿÿÎÿáxÈ&kiiÿÿ!‡˜'lk^ÿÿ!œ¢'l€bÿÿUÿâ§û&m^NÿÿUÿâ§ù&m_NÿÿUÿâ§&ma}ÿÿUÿâ®&mb×ÿÿUÿâ¸&mcáÿÿ!ÿâÀ˜'nM^ÿÿ2ÿâÀ–'nM_ÿÿ!ÿâq¢'nþbÿÿ7ÿá¿û&o^lÿÿ7ÿá¿ù&o_lÿÿ7ÿá¿&oa›ÿÿ7ÿáÌ&obõÿÿ7ÿáÖ&ocÿÿÿ7ÿá¿È&odlÿÿ7ÿá¿È&oilÿÿZÿáAû&p^-ÿÿZÿáAù&p_-ÿÿZÿáA&p`„ÿÿZÿáA&pcÀÿÿZÿáAÈ&pd-ÿÿZÿáAÈ&pi-ÿÿ‡¢'qïcÿÿPÿá&]ræÿÿFÿá9&fr¥ÿÿ7þHØ&hrÿÿFÿáC&kréÿÿUÿâ§&mrÍÿÿ7ÿá¿&orëÿÿZÿáA&pr¬ÿÿPþ &]'bðsèÿÿ7þ Ø&h'a¾s ÿÿ7þ ØÈ&h'ds ÿÿ7þ ØÈ&h'is ÿÿZþ A&p'b¶sÂÿÿZþ AÈ&p'i-sÂÿÿPþ À&]sèÿÿPþ &]'t¤sèÿÿPÿáQ&]u–ÿÿPþ Q&]'u–sèÿÿ7þ ØÀ&hs ÿÿ7þ Ø&h'tÌs ÿÿ7þHØQ&hu¾ÿÿ7þ ØQ&h'u¾s ÿÿÿßÿá‰Q&ku™ÿÿŒþ yù&v_Eÿÿ7ÿá¿Q&ou›ÿÿ2T–'w_ÿÿZþ AÆ&psÂÿÿZþ A&p'tjsÂÿÿZÿáAQ&pu\ÿÿZþ AQ&p'u\sÂPÿáÀG¡» 4+¸ A  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]¸EX¸9/¹9 >Y¸EX¸E/¹E >Y¸EX¸'/¹'>Y¸EX¸//¹/>Y¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q¸9¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸¸и/º,'99º<'9901%2>7.#"3267#".'#".54>327>'>7¢'JB8ƒY&J:$2IŠ&>73 ?$Et* L§FhšrTvO/  ;@DpQ•Ž9o¦mlÇ—Z¦¥ I“:  !DGûG»+Ašª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸/01'>76.#'>EYa'*,"7' 5A=$PEŠ=!&P.0$*   $-32DTùK»+¸A&6FVfv† ]A•¥]¸/01&>76.4#378 /7/0'b]184.  ) %/1.F%!(r!:¨ "F» +¸ A  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]01'7>3'>76.#'>¨å $(& }þYa'*,"7' 5A=$L $þIEŠ=!&P.0$*   $-31:¼ "F» +¸A&6FVfv† ]A•¥]01'7>3%7.'&>?.¼å $(& }ýw]b'0/7/ 873#L $þIåSr(!%F.1/% )  .48!<× #S» +¸ A  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]¸ /¸/¸/01.'>7'>76.#'> °,0/þnYa'*,"7' 5A=$< w  #’EŠ=!&P.0$*   $-3<× #S» +¸A&6FVfv† ]A•¥]¸ /¸/¸/01.'>77.'&>?. °,0/ýJ]b'0/7/ 873#< w  #±Sr(!%F.1/% )  .48ÿe2È1'¸(/¸0/¸/»-+¸-¸(¹ü01'>76&/>#".#"'>323267G UQ# AN 8B>3"À2=H'#?<;(B%51>G'&D<6&I"69r&% "-8+I„)J8"#-8)J9"#,;®%D¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y»+¸01!5>'!!5>7>7›[°ÂN> rþho IRþ`DO tD¤ 9Aûç+ Mþ³ ++ f)ûJ!+Fÿá9ÀO»4+¸A&6FVfv† ]A•¥]º<49¸Y¸EX¸//¹/>Y»+¸¸C¹ üAy ‰ qA!  ( 8 H X h x ˆ ˜ ¨ ¸ È Ø è ø ]A  ( 8 H X h q¸/¹$üA!$$'$7$G$W$g$w$‡$—$§$·$Ç$×$ç$÷$]A$$'$7$G$W$g$qAv$†$qº9901#".#"3267.#"32>7#".54>7.54>3232>3,)$ 6HU(X["EhFD4,HmI%(Ga9#GLU03\blBL}Z16I*KV"8IOM!,H?7 ƒ!4$%SA<0`$6>#?0#5-@*'D]7+MA3aJ+J?2#  1ºì6Y»*+¸*¸иEX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y»)+¸¸ ¹ü¸¹/ü01%!5>54&'5!#.#!!.+;2>7ºü DNJH'! - þ’• #-=*,PB.A2)+ôV+! $+>>8.=%þNþ  #D;7þHØÀAà»+¸¸¸ и /¸¸Cܸ /¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸8/¹8 >Yº 9¸¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸2к? 9012'>54.#"'>54.'5>71>Öqb +V#'.'AM\7"G$';6$=:;!#b¼ÀŠ„ý\ŽiFITSÒ1T>#>nVþÇ#820 9=;Í4; (#0KH4ŽŽÿe2È51¸,/¸4/¸/»1+¸1º49¸,¹#ü017.'&>?.#".#"'>323267: SV$8-983Ù2=H'#?<;(B%51>G'&D<6&I"6Ý;\$(&! * -//¿)J8"#-8)J9"#,;1öì+…¸,/¸-/¸,¸и/¹'ü¸и-¸ܹü¸$иEX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y»%+¸0135>54&'5!!4&'5!!5>5!1DNJHÃDMbJHÃDMIHþ=DNýžHI+! $++"þ> $++"ûå #++!þþ #+FÿáCÀ3»+¸¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y01%#".76.#5>73267C\~!#- >7A”B   K? mHD9Y<Ò4B&( )(ý—EP)  -Zì3»+¸¸EX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y0135>54&'5!ZDMIHÂDMIH+! $++"ûå #+Uÿâ§À+¯¸,/¸-/¸ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸,¸ и /¹ üA  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]¸EX¸'/¹' >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸'¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q014.#"32>7#".54>321Pe3EcA4Sh4?_? ™!;Sbp;Z–k; ;Qcq=[–j:ÇOm@:eŠPOl?5bŠtBraF'H~®fB€saF(H®Fÿâs +¯¸,/¸-/¸ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸,¸"и"/¹ üA  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]¸EX¸'/¹' >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸'¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q014.#"32>7#".54>32×.CTd9Ya4=gŠMS‹e8œ)Kh}Lx¼DX˜Ív|½€AuE‡yhK+L‹ÆzpÈ—XEˆÊ–Z«—}Z2j²è~ˆöºnm´è7ÿá¿À;»+¸»,+¸º 9¸ /¹ üAš,ª,]A ,,),9,I,Y,i,y,‰, ]¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸7/¹7 >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¹%üA!%%'%7%G%W%g%w%‡%—%§%·%Ç%×%ç%÷%]A%%'%7%G%W%g%qAv%†%q01#".54>54.'5>732>56./>7¿"=WmH0fR570E|D !7G'-N@1"*B,152 4%_F•_8(^™q5[Z^7% ('bƒœRYR'-J_gf+=hP5 & 9ZyZÿáAÆUž»#+¸#»=-+¸=»G+¸Aš-ª-]A --)-9-I-Y-i-y-‰- ]º -=9º9A##&#6#F#V#f#v#†# ]A•#¥#]AšGªG]A GG)G9GIGYGiGyG‰G ]¸/¸Q/¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Yº 9º9¹(üA!(('(7(G(W(g(w(‡(—(§(·(Ç(×(ç(÷(]A(('(7(G(W(g(qAv(†(q¸BÐ01#".'#".54>732>74.'>71032>54.'>7ADj‚>8W?) 0HbBExZ4+NkA8K-/K`1%LE7 )Ic:2bM0;aDHxt> #j‚•P˜ L¸M/¸N/¸M¸и/¸Ð¸/¸¸и/¸N¸ܸ*и*/º *9¸¹8üAš8ª8]A 88)898I8Y8i8y8‰8 ]¸$и$/¸¹DüADD&D6DFDVDfDvD†D ]A•D¥D]¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸//¹/>Y¸¹ ü¸#и$и¹=üAy=‰=qA!==(=8=H=X=h=x=ˆ=˜=¨=¸=È=Ø=è=ø=]A==(=8=H=X=h=q013'>73;.54>3232>7!5>54.#"o -ÜkŒS!!A`}™Zn·„I0__æ- þF:[E0 /^‹\DlR:% +EaC>DD *@+T™™QA…{jO-J‰ÃzY œžX)B0GHDoLxfYY_9[¦€L.K`d`%;c\ZgxLoo:‘ ¸/01'7>3‘å $(& }L $þIý·þ þŸÿ&»+¸¸ /¸EX¸/¹>Y01#"&54&'>7367þŸ;Q J  þh+5GRY|&/ (<¥ ¸ /¸/01.'>7] °,0/< w  #FLð8'¸/¸ /¸/¸/¸¹ ü¸¹ü01#".#"'>323267ð2=H'#?<;(B%51>G'&D<6&I"6!)J8"#-8)J9"#,;Œþ yÀ5˜¸6/¸7/¸6¸,и,/¹ ü¸Ð¸7¸ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸EX¸1/¹1 >Y¸EX¸(/¹(>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q¸1¹ üAy ‰ qA!  ( 8 H X h x ˆ ˜ ¨ ¸ È Ø è ø ]A  ( 8 H X h qº901%32654.#"%#".'.'4>32",A6/hp*G]4%F6!W6GPU(-:H-.K* CpMV‚X-Ð ) ±§`˜k8-g©{kGŠ{hL* 2(LžŒm q‡ÏHJzž)Õ 4.¸5/¸6/¸5¸и/¸6¸ܺ9¹%üAš%ª%]A %%)%9%I%Y%i%y%‰% ]¸¹.ü¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y» +¸ º9¸¹*üAy*‰*qA!**(*8*H*X*h*x*ˆ*˜*¨*¸*È*Ø*è*ø*]A**(*8*H*X*h*q¸-и-/0135>5'>32#"/32>54.#"1DN&H$0qz}=l®{B'@UZ['^C*M#.eT7 >  .Z„VErYA+L $FjGRvK$û´ + $/;GS_kwƒ›§²¾ÊÖâîú*6BNZfr}ˆ“ž©´¿Ë×ãïú*6BNZfr~Š–¢®ºÆÒÞêö %1AQaq‘­¹ÉÕåñ $0<LXh ë9˜÷\Á y ¬ ( ö _ â - g }“q´àþ9X˜±’èXX°XX°fSIL ðÿþ!Zß5€~Zš¾_<õ¹¬!»„fûÙýž by ßýË- {ûÙü¿ bxÃ4P4P4P4P4P4P4P\!\2q!q\ÿe^F^F^F^F^Fw!w2Œ!ŒF7F7F7F7F7F7F7F7º2Ï\F\F\ÿÊ\\\ÿÎ\ÿÎõ! !üUüUüUüUüU!2Ë!7777777›Z›Z›Z›Z›Z›Zÿ4P^FF7\FüU7›Z4PF7F7F7›Z›Z4P4P4P4PF7F7F7F7\ÿßÓŒ7®2›Z›Z›Z›Z4P!2Ð!ä1”!”ÿeÃ^Fø1F7ÿe;1\FŠZüUÍF7›ZPÆoý·Í(6FÓŒ/)x°¤ n::HOh'v,« × é ü ƒ›¢© t° $ @ 2N € Nœ ê X $^ &‚ 8¨ à  æ  ô  Copyright (c) SIL International 2003. All rights reserved.GJVIAA+GentiumRegularGJVIAA+SIL: Gentium: 2003GJVIAA+GentiumVersion 1.01; 2003; initial SIL releaseGJVIAA+GentiumGentium is a trademark of SIL International.J. Victor Gaultneyhttp://www.sil.org/http://www.sil.org/~gaultneyThis font is the property of SIL International. It is distributed as copyrighted freeware. You may use this software without any charge and may distribute it, as is, to others. Commercial distribution of this software is restricted without prior written permission. If you wish to distribute this software commercially, contact SIL for details on obtaining a license. You may not rent or lease the software, nor may you modify, adapt, translate, reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the software. You may not make derivative fonts from this software. THE SOFTWARE AND RELATED FILES ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.GentiumRegularGentiumCopyright (c) SIL International 2003. All rights reserved.GJVIAA+GentiumRegularGJVIAA+SIL: Gentium: 2003GJVIAA+GentiumVersion 1.01; 2003; initial SIL releaseGJVIAA+GentiumGentium is a trademark of SIL International.J. Victor Gaultneyhttp://www.sil.org/http://www.sil.org/~gaultneyThis font is the property of SIL International. It is distributed as copyrighted freeware. You may use this software without any charge and may distribute it, as is, to others. Commercial distribution of this software is restricted without prior written permission. If you wish to distribute this software commercially, contact SIL for details on obtaining a license. You may not rent or lease the software, nor may you modify, adapt, translate, reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the software. You may not make derivative fonts from this software. THE SOFTWARE AND RELATED FILES ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.GentiumRegularGentiumÿÐx      !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwuni1F00uni1F01uni1F02uni1F03uni1F04uni1F05uni1F06uni1F08uni1F09uni1F0Cuni1F0Duni1F0Euni1F10uni1F11uni1F13uni1F14uni1F15uni1F18uni1F19uni1F1Cuni1F1Duni1F20uni1F21uni1F22uni1F23uni1F24uni1F25uni1F26uni1F27uni1F29uni1F2Duni1F30uni1F31uni1F33uni1F34uni1F35uni1F36uni1F37uni1F38uni1F3Cuni1F40uni1F41uni1F43uni1F44uni1F45uni1F48uni1F49uni1F4Cuni1F50uni1F51uni1F53uni1F54uni1F55uni1F56uni1F57uni1F60uni1F61uni1F62uni1F65uni1F66uni1F67uni1F6Duni1F70uni1F72uni1F74uni1F76uni1F78uni1F7Auni1F7Cuni1F84uni1F93uni1F96uni1F97uni1FA4uni1FA7uni1FB3uni1FB4uni1FB6uni1FB7uni1FC3uni1FC4uni1FC6uni1FC7uni1FD6uni1FE5uni1FE6uni1FECuni1FF3uni1FF4uni1FF6uni1FF7alphauni1FBFuni1FFEuni1FCDuni1FDDuni1FCEuni1FDEuni1FCFAlphaepsilonEpsilonetauni1FDFEtaiotaIotaomicronOmicronupsilonomegaOmegauni1FEFuni037Auni1FFDuni1FC0rhoRho  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\ ðÿÿÿðÿÿ  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\ endstream endobj 5241 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /GJVIAA+Gentium /Flags 4 /FontBBox [-519 -297 1297 1059] /Ascent 858 /CapHeight 698 /Descent -275 /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 280 /XHeight 454 /FontFile2 5240 0 R >> endobj 148 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /BaseFont /GJVIAA+Gentium /FontDescriptor 5241 0 R /FirstChar 0 /LastChar 247 /Widths 5239 0 R >> endobj 5242 0 obj [0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 225 225 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 229 0 0 0 0 0 225 395 708 229 721 878 532 0 727 0 856 752 294 595 549 475 573 496 522 653 618 317 578 595 806 648 516 600 629 522 0 519 550 583 654 615 688 632 317 583 525 420 534 294 507 525 498 475 479 420 399 534 499 294 510 528 539 507 438 498 526 478 408 478 430 507 638 486 660 700 294 507 498 507 700] endobj 5243 0 obj << /Length1 24432 /Length 24432 >> stream  €POS/2pgéPKÈVcmap¦[lò\4:cvt †G@fpgm2MsfÜbglyfñV¯ÄHˆheadÚ˜o{L 6hhea JCLX$hmtxáTL|ôlocaõYKL|maxpWrMp nameƒÂCýM ~post7­#ØZ"prep‹-\h¸,K¸ PX±ŽY¸ÿ…¸D¹ _^-¸, EiD°`-¸,¸*!-¸, F°%FRX#Y Š ŠIdŠ F had°%F hadRX#eŠY/ °SXi °TX!°@Yi °TX!°@eYY:-¸, F°%FRX#ŠY F jad°%F jadRX#ŠY/ý-¸,K °&PXQX°€D°@DY!! E°ÀPX°ÀD!YY-¸, EiD°` E}iD°`-¸,¸*-¸,K °&SX°€°@YŠŠ °&SX#!°ÀŠŠŠ#Y °&SX#!¸ŠŠŠ#Y °&SX#!¸@ŠŠŠ#Y ¸&SX°%E¸€PX#!¸€#!°%E#!#!Y!YD-¸ ,KSXED!!Y-*+Pn‚þ ¢ì9¸+º+º+¾L</"+¾G</"+¾€fP9"+¾xfP9"+º+¸ E}iDûü—@!'>7!@ ûù     ÿÿXþχÁ&89Õÿÿƒ­qÁ9Õÿÿÿ½ÿá”&#:”®%D¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y»+¸01!5>'!!5>7>7›[°ÂN> rþho IRþ`DO tD¤ 9Aûç+ Mþ³ ++ f)ûJ!+)ÿòø #K»5+¸»D +¸D¸¸ÐAš ª ]A  ) 9 I Y i y ‰ ]º D9¸/Ašª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¹$üºG5$9¸MܸEX¸?/¹? >Y¸EX¸)/¹)>Y¸EX¸0/¹0>Y»+¸¸?¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸и/¸)¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q¸¸GиG/01"32>54."32>54.#".1#5>5'>32"rN!N 0Q$ ,..HtS,'Q}™Cy¨eX`aN0JDN&J"'grv6d¡q >  %Fd?l›" Ba{;F%05¸EX¸'/¹' >Y¸EX¸/¹>Yº'9¹ü01%0.'13!2>&!'0>7>71q"8GKGHHC430¶14¹ü/?FKF=CFMRME3¦Y’»Ä¾KTÅĶŒT  “3I~©½É¿¬A)J»ÍÖɰ„M1ºì6Y»*+¸*¸иEX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y»)+¸¸ ¹ü¸¹/ü01%!5>54&'5!#.#!!.+;2>7ºü DNJH'! - þ’• #-=*,PB.A2)+ôV+! $+>>8.=%þNþ  #D;;ßü _¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸¹ü¸ и¹ü01!'!"'323!!2>7ßü…Çþ5&$ 9-+hý? " 7% NOK-Z0J4 -+û£.P>Fÿ☠1I½¸J/¸K/¸2ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸J¸>и>/¹(üA((&(6(F(V(f(v(†( ]A•(¥(]¸EX¸E/¹E >Y¸EX¸9/¹9>Y»+¸¸E¹#üAy#‰#qA!##(#8#H#X#h#x#ˆ#˜#¨#¸#È#Ø#è#ø#]A##(#8#H#X#h#q¸9¹-üA!--'-7-G-W-g-w-‡-—-§-·-Ç-×-ç-÷-]A--'-7-G-W-g-qAv-†-q01#.#!"#33!2>734.#"32>7#".54>32o+þÉ++9+s1FXi;_”g6Am‘QW‘j;š+Nk‚’N{ÇG*Lk‚”PÄ„DÕ"- .$h", -$ÈE‡yhK+L‹ÆzpÈ—XEˆÊ–Z«—}Z2j²è~[«–~Z2m´èZì3»+¸¸EX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y0135>54&'5!ZDMIHÂDMIH+! $++"ûå #+1ÿò–ì1U»-"+¸-¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸'/¹' >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y01%#"&' >.'5! 675>54&'5!–;w0-þ— 2'¤ 2(!þNß)/2û›DNJHÃDMHI% få  ++ þýà +%+! $++"ûå #+®%@¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸ /¹ >Yº901!5>' !5>7>7N> þ¿þÈ IRþ`DO tD¤ 9A+ ªüV ++ f)ûJ!+;#ì3„¸EX¸$/¹$ >Y¸EX¸1/¹1 >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸1¹üº$9º$9¸#к+$901"!5>5#!5>5.#5!2 >3!F$ JHþ9"9* þK1þ@ JHþlEM &M  Ž~  ÁûÊ #++¯ûðüY #++!1+!üz†!+1ÿáì$¸%/¸&/¸%¸и/¸&¸ܹü¸и/¸¹ ü¸EX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Yº 9º 90135>5.'5324&'5!.'1JH"I'ÕBPœHI29 ýCDN+ & +üup ' ++ &û^Íü‡ & +1×ì5MG¸EX¸3/¹3 >Y¸EX¸;/¹;>Y»+¸¸3¹'ü¸;¹Fü01#.#!"#33!2>73#.#!"'>7!!'>733!2>7ï+þú+++»-  ýá+ !ü’!/ !f+Õ"- .$h", -$–>CE *:$$<-GIDü7GHD1‡F*6! 90Fÿâs +¯¸,/¸-/¸ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸,¸"и"/¹ üA  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]¸EX¸'/¹' >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸'¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q014.#"32>7#".54>32×.CTd9Ya4=gŠMS‹e8œ)Kh}Lx¼DX˜Ív|½€AuE‡yhK+L‹ÆzpÈ—XEˆÊ–Z«—}Z2j²è~ˆöºnm´è1Åì)l¸*/¸+/¸*¸и/¸+¸ܹü¸¹%ü¸EX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸ ¹ü0135>54&'5!!5>54.+1DNJH”EMIIþ=DM4M1¦/G/HI+! $++"ûå #++!î    ü #+;ñüN¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸¹ü¸и¹ü01!' 5!267.#! !2>7ñüƒµþ`¢8a<8$" þ+Vþs()5Y(b`T+PF+ þÓ JP$þýé1TB WÑì ?» +»+¸»5 +¸5A&6FVfv† ]A•¥]Aš ª ]A  ) 9 I Y i y ‰ ]¸¸и¸%и¸/и¸:и5¸AܸEX¸*/¹* >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸ܸ*¸ܸи/¸¸йü¸¹0ü¸%и%/¸¸:Ð014.'>5>=.54>754&'5!õ8^yAZ€Q%A4\{FXR(ý~DM]±‹UE¶rIHÃDNa²‡PN…´eJHW‚[7 åGf|LO^= ýAcýÔ+!C6k¥vYž{R C $++"?;m¢nf¦zJ C #+Íì5‹¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸&/¹& >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸ /¹ >Y¸¹üº9¸ ии¹ü¸к9¸%и(и¸4Ð01!5>&'!5>7 .'5!6.'5!  ,6þéüA\þ>A\=þ³#-!ÃU3÷â">-Å$9,! þÝm%.+ ˜þh,"++%*é ++ ,þ•k ++ þ)ýé +ÿÿPÿá&;¤ÿÿFÿá9&;cÿÿ7þHØ&!;ÌÿÿFÿáK&#;¦PÿáÀG¡» 4+¸ A  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]¸EX¸9/¹9 >Y¸EX¸E/¹E >Y¸EX¸'/¹'>Y¸EX¸//¹/>Y¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q¸9¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸¸и/º,'99º<'9901%2>7.#"3267#".'#".54>327>'>7¢'JB8ƒY&J:$2IŠ&>73 ?$Et* L§FhšrTvO/  ;@DpQ•Ž9o¦mlÇ—Z¦¥ I“:  Œþ ¬!Q,»-:+¸-»H+¸H¸-¸Ðº H9¸ /Aš ª ]A  ) 9 I Y i y ‰ ]¹"üºM:"9¸SܸEX¸9/¹9>Y¸EX¸)/¹)>Y»B+¸B¸)¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q0132>54.+'>=4.#"#"&''4>32">FK$7W>!-]Ž`?iL* 5D$Y¸EX¸4/¹4 >Y¸EX¸ /¹ >Yº, %901.'>'.'.1'>72>7>7º1ie[#%Y! "6CIH'#:u.4=@=6&F7'*]& ¡kéòõu%pzs(  A‘~\ 1 º¿Ÿj ( ,?m“©¶ZZ­®´` dÿá†KM» =+¸ »'+¸'Ašª]A )9IYiy‰ ]A  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]º = 9¸ /¹3üº83'9¸'¸MܸEX¸./¹.>Y»B+¸B¸.¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q014.'32>#".#"#".54>7.54>32327â%>R,Eb?0Qj;$E5 ¤INShm-U€•€U!9MZc1^“d52]ƒQ0[G*4H)Dug\, yQ}n3Ti{CGŠlC+Lh“GJ%-%!Y¸EX¸//¹/>Y»+¸¸C¹ üAy ‰ qA!  ( 8 H X h x ˆ ˜ ¨ ¸ È Ø è ø ]A  ( 8 H X h q¸/¹$üA!$$'$7$G$W$g$w$‡$—$§$·$Ç$×$ç$÷$]A$$'$7$G$W$g$qAv$†$qº9901#".#"3267.#"32>7#".54>7.54>3232>3,)$ 6HU(X["EhFD4,HmI%(Ga9#GLU03\blBL}Z16I*KV"8IOM!,H?7 ƒ!4$%SA<0`$6>#?0#5-@*'D]7+MA3aJ+J?2#  Pþ&) Fä¸G/¸H/¸G¸#и#/¹üA&6FVfv† ]A•¥]¸H¸ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸¸DиD/º(#D9¸¸<иYº(:901&'>54.54>7#".'0.'>323267)JŽkM,/McgcM/;`HKA/NchcN/L‹Äx5aR>     + 4Ü¥ v7Œ¡±¶·WF[=%.G8%N^rI c…3+4!-MvXÿùôw  /?@ (' "7þHØÀAà»+¸¸¸ и /¸¸Cܸ /¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸8/¹8 >Yº 9¸¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸2к? 9012'>54.#"'>54.'5>71>Öqb +V#'.'AM\7"G$';6$=:;!#b¼ÀŠ„ý\ŽiFITSÒ1T>#>nVþÇ#820 9=;Í4; (#0KH4ŽŽ[ÿᤫ 1i¸2/¸3/¸2¸&и&/¹üA&6FVfv† ]A•¥]¸3¸ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸и/¸¸и/¸EX¸!/¹!>Y»-+¸-»+¸¸и/¸!¹ üA!  ' 7 G W g w ‡ — § · Ç × ç ÷ ]A  ' 7 G W g qAv † q¸¸и/01"67.2>'.#".5&>32ôD^;Œþy )B\ Hb:A‡…9'DaÕ@t£bb–d37M`o>f™f41EŠÎˆ rÉ•Vû*K“ÙŽwÓ\lšþòÉunÁšfÁ©Œe8tÉþóFÿáCÀ3»+¸¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y01%#".76.#5>73267C\~!#- >7A”B   K? mHD9Y<Ò4B&( )(ý—EP)  -7ÿáÀQî»!+¸¸.иEX¸-/¹- >Y¸EX¸6/¹6 >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y»B +¸Bº/-9¸¹JüA!JJ'J7JGJWJgJwJ‡J—J§J·JÇJ×JçJ÷J]AJJ'J7JGJWJgJqAvJ†Jq01%#".#"'>54.'5>7>3'3232>7)I>. 1.,-/.'- $'&&<7%KF>d™sUB5 /!8AR: 94211R)EhyhE/4KLB5BM(¥7> ( "þ€´yF$ 2W,M@EfyfE  ÿáEæ?3¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y»-$+¸-01%#".'.''>7.#"'>3232>7EKa",)*5B+&HHI%5841^YRG<!5-)#I12QA3(),8G.(HB< ! \9B@n¬ñ¢8dÄÊÕu!> ´Á¼°Jg}C"&33E*3a¥ó«”ö°a -=þ =ÀL»+¸»F8+¸F¸8¸ кF9¸¹.üº>F9¸F¸NܸEX¸(/¹( >Y¸EX¸A/¹A >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸ /¹ >Yº (9¸3ÜA33'373G3W3g3w3‡3—3§3·3Ç3 ]AÖ3æ3]º 39º(9º>(901%#".'#"&''4.'5>7032>74.'>73267=@<3 Q—:;r,'3371 '4/'A:5 /D*9?F( ,[) 3!R(!":L+ijQHo®†_²', (  ýÙ#RF0 !=4Í-,& 'I?þ]L  ÿáÀÀ-@¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸+/¹+ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Yº#901'.'.'.#"15>72>'>7À3T€^9(FC<. (&?j,< 8@@E[/.W(¡fÂÖùž  |åÁ–/#*&-9H'‰±ÏmaÑȲC Pþ&l/XÛ»2+¸»)+¸A&6FVfv† ]A•¥]º<29¸54.54>7.5467#".'>332>7Wûö:]s:'„ɇD8[tyt[83WC + 7YrxrY73`‡TK_5±·EB5  $(ScyN ŒE­g4E*(]“F?V:& 0E5HXk@ &=4,7C*+JsWJ—‡l2=Bg«K  -WI!) /Uÿâ§À+¯¸,/¸-/¸ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸,¸ и /¹ üA  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]¸EX¸'/¹' >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸'¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q014.#"32>7#".54>321Pe3EcA4Sh4?_? ™!;Sbp;Z–k; ;Qcq=[–j:ÇOm@:eŠPOl?5bŠtBraF'H~®fB€saF(H®ÿà"ÀK»@ +¸@Aš ª ]A  ) 9 I Y i y ‰ ]¸EX¸4/¹4 >Y¸EX¸9/¹9 >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸9¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸и/¸(и)Ð01%#".54>7.'.'>7#"'>3!267+32>73L;/#4# G‰R 9DC ( 3 2//89: y*H4i0A "$0"n+7 *MnE [~£irú€H{7  &DPi•ÏŽ $#<,HMQ¦N[‚T'  ,Œþ yÀ5˜¸6/¸7/¸6¸,и,/¹ ü¸Ð¸7¸ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸EX¸1/¹1 >Y¸EX¸(/¹(>Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q¸1¹ üAy ‰ qA!  ( 8 H X h x ˆ ˜ ¨ ¸ È Ø è ø ]A  ( 8 H X h qº901%32654.#"%#".'.'4>32",A6/hp*G]4%F6!W6GPU(-:H-.K* CpMV‚X-Ð ) ±§`˜k8-g©{kGŠ{hL* 2(LžŒm q‡ÏHJzžPþ$1ÀD/¸E/¸F/¸E¸2и2/¹üA&6FVfv† ]A•¥]¸F¸ܹ&üAš&ª&]A &&)&9&I&Y&i&y&‰& ]¸ /¸EX¸:/¹: >Y¹ üAy ‰ qA!  ( 8 H X h x ˆ ˜ ¨ ¸ È Ø è ø ]A  ( 8 H X h qº: 901#".#".'>54.'.54>7>3232631%&# )9H+*C3% >`B11M76|@ :;<"  }.(!*EY^[$8WF9-8H1P_i6 C‚.&7*(:Nd?Gƒv/-2   PÿáÔÀ>â¸?/¸@/¸$ܹüAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸?¸0и0/¹ üA  & 6 F V f v † ]A• ¥ ]º0$9¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸7/¹7 >Y¸EX¸+/¹+>Y¸7¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸и+¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q¸¸и/¸и/014.'.#"32>#"&'#".54>3!2>7Ï-8(@9S6)Ji?@S0+%& W/ oc/EZnAR‹f99Ocr?2$|F~iT/Of7J˜|O7UjZ08P«n(be`K-L¦[=zo`G( ÿáqÀ3Œ»( +¸(A((&(6(F(V(f(v(†( ]A•(¥(]¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¸¹ üAy ‰ qA!  ( 8 H X h x ˆ ˜ ¨ ¸ È Ø è ø ]A  ( 8 H X h q¸ии"и"/¸%и%/¸¹-üA!--'-7-G-W-g-w-‡-—-§-·-Ç-×-ç-÷-]A--'-7-G-W-g-qAv-†-q01%#".547"&+"'>3!267#"&'32>79[MC *:&,))G26:> À2I3[4+B(#)2>(&;(/J]-s¢#8- AO„ÖU VL5-7ÿá¿À;»+¸»,+¸º 9¸ /¹ üAš,ª,]A ,,),9,I,Y,i,y,‰, ]¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸EX¸7/¹7 >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y¹%üA!%%'%7%G%W%g%w%‡%—%§%·%Ç%×%ç%÷%]A%%'%7%G%W%g%qAv%†%q01#".54>54.'5>732>56./>7¿"=WmH0fR570E|D !7G'-N@1"*B,152 4%_F•_8(^™q5[Z^7% ('bƒœRYR'-J_gf+=hP5 & 9ZyPþËÄT »F7+¸F» +¸»P+¸¸и/Aš ª ]A  ) 9 I Y i y ‰ ]¸¸и¸ и /AFF&F6FFFVFfFvF†F ]A•F¥F]¸P¸KиK/¸¸Vܸ/¸>/¸EX¸(/¹(>Y¸EX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸0/¹0>Y¸ ¹üA!'7GWgw‡—§·Ç×ç÷]A'7GWgqAv†q¸¹üAy‰qA!(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸ÈØèø]A(8HXhq¸¸KиK/01>54.#"2.'>7.54>7>74>ÐXŠ`2(EZ2."µIxV/L…¸l%Q' ]’nN0 "<^„Z SnB,V€T/RsÜ Xiw= =i•`B~c=?~o3äIu’J{É“Zþ„äÀGA¸/¸/¸EX¸)/¹) >Y¸EX¸8/¹8 >Yº )9º0)901#".''67.'.#"15>767>732>7ä/A.!$AGS59<:131wÃN9ZJ? #$844! !+7E,@k&/1/j¸T1XK=$ þþ%/ ;ÇŒ2y~7 "•5œœÒ‚= (*Ht©wƒ w !šþʨ„ËŠG -:þäWa€»0"+¸0»M=+¸M»U+¸¸M¸ и /A00&060F0V0f0v0†0 ]A•0¥0]º5"09¸5/¹üAš=ª=]A ==)=9=I=Y=i=y=‰= ]¸=¸:и:/¸M¸PиP/AšUªU]A UU)U9UIUYUiUyU‰U ]ºZ9¸¸cܸE/¸EX¸+/¹+ >Y¸EX¸_/¹_ >Y¸EX¸/¹>Y»P+¸P¸¸ и /¸P¸:и:/ºZE901.'>7.54>54.'5>7>54.'>7 >54.'>7§3OkˆS V# «f+ #?3W- EtX  1Q#  P[1 -&(& ´INN$E•’‡kH xÐA  UÕx X…¤S"LNN$'( !!7*&STQ%L‰mI fÏhgÝØÆO cúþíþâ†4n8Q¥Z)^XM  ZÿáAÆUž»#+¸#»=-+¸=»G+¸Aš-ª-]A --)-9-I-Y-i-y-‰- ]º -=9º9A##&#6#F#V#f#v#†# ]A•#¥#]AšGªG]A GG)G9GIGYGiGyG‰G ]¸/¸Q/¸EX¸/¹>Y¸EX¸/¹>Yº 9º9¹(üA!(('(7(G(W(g(w(‡(—(§(·(Ç(×(ç(÷(]A(('(7(G(W(g(qAv(†(q¸BÐ01#".'#".54>732>74.'>71032>54.'>7ADj‚>8W?) 0HbBExZ4+NkA8K-/K`1%LE7 )Ic:2bM0;aDHxt> #j‚•ÿÿÿüÿáT$&#<+ÿÿUÿâ§&);‹ÿÿ7ÿá¿&/;©ÿÿZÿáA&3;jXþχæG» +Aš ª ]A  ) 9 I Y i y ‰ ]¸/01%'>54&'>‡;S4-' 7@ :EC0"F'bfa'# <@G+,4/ OƒÿØqìO»+A&6FVfv† ]A•¥]º +¸ 01%#"&54>32q%36.&321{#;,:6";-;)<(5¸'/¸/¸/¸/¸EX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹ >Y01#"'&>32#"&'&>32.'>7ü -B - +ýõ -") -B²,00Ù8-E9.$$8-#"9.åw  #(<¥ ¸ /¸/01.'>7] °,0/< w  #üÑ<ÿ)$¸/¸/¸Ü¹üAšª]A )9IYiy‰ ]¸¸и/¹üA&6FVfv† ]A•¥]¸EX¸ /¹ >Y¸EX¸/¹ >Y¸ ¸ÜAÙé]A(8HXhxˆ˜¨¸È ]¸Ð01#"&54>32#"&54>32×*-' )Uþp*-' )UÅ2%2.2%_2%2.2%(1<•aÝD‡Á<‹¡5K½   £ ¯ » Ç Ó  «¸ë½‹ÛÂ5,’wƒœ’ÜíËFÎ!"["g"s""‹"Õ##t#“$DèXX°XX°fSIL ðÿþ!Zß5€Íkö_<õ¹¬!»„fûÙýž by ßýË- {ûÙü¿ b=ÃûüÕXÕƒ\ÿ½Ãf)–;ø1/;òFŠZ 1Ãs;11"1ÍF 1(;=Wì4P^FF7\F4PüŒÎÿöÖd^F3PF7ÿ[\F7;Q= ‚PüU6ÓŒEPÔPq7PäH:›Z\ÿüüU7›ZÕXÕƒ))Í(üÑ=°¤ n::HOh'v,« × é ü ƒ›¢© t° $ @ 2N € Nœ ê X $^ &‚ 8¨ à  æ  ô  Copyright (c) SIL International 2003. All rights reserved.FBRVYT+GentiumRegularFBRVYT+SIL: Gentium: 2003FBRVYT+GentiumVersion 1.01; 2003; initial SIL releaseFBRVYT+GentiumGentium is a trademark of SIL International.J. Victor Gaultneyhttp://www.sil.org/http://www.sil.org/~gaultneyThis font is the property of SIL International. It is distributed as copyrighted freeware. You may use this software without any charge and may distribute it, as is, to others. Commercial distribution of this software is restricted without prior written permission. If you wish to distribute this software commercially, contact SIL for details on obtaining a license. You may not rent or lease the software, nor may you modify, adapt, translate, reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the software. You may not make derivative fonts from this software. THE SOFTWARE AND RELATED FILES ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.GentiumRegularGentiumCopyright (c) SIL International 2003. All rights reserved.FBRVYT+GentiumRegularFBRVYT+SIL: Gentium: 2003FBRVYT+GentiumVersion 1.01; 2003; initial SIL releaseFBRVYT+GentiumGentium is a trademark of SIL International.J. Victor Gaultneyhttp://www.sil.org/http://www.sil.org/~gaultneyThis font is the property of SIL International. It is distributed as copyrighted freeware. You may use this software without any charge and may distribute it, as is, to others. Commercial distribution of this software is restricted without prior written permission. If you wish to distribute this software commercially, contact SIL for details on obtaining a license. You may not rent or lease the software, nor may you modify, adapt, translate, reverse engineer, decompile, or disassemble the software. You may not make derivative fonts from this software. THE SOFTWARE AND RELATED FILES ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.GentiumRegularGentiumÿÐ=      !"#$%&'()›*+,-./0123456789uni0305uni037E anoteleiaiotadieresistonosAlphaBetaDeltaEpsilonZetaThetaIotaKappaLambdaMuNuXiOmicronPiSigmaPhiChi alphatonos epsilontonosetatonos iotatonosalphabetagammadeltaepsilonzetaetathetaiotakappalambdauni03BCnuxiomicronrhosigma1sigmatauupsilonphichipsiomega iotadieresis omicrontonos upsilontonos omegatonos dieresistonostonos uni0308.alt  !"#$%&'()*+,-./01234567 ðÿÿÿðÿÿ  !"#$%&'()*+,-./01234567 endstream endobj 5244 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /FBRVYT+Gentium /Flags 4 /FontBBox [-519 -297 1297 1059] /Ascent 858 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -275 /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /XHeight 454 /FontFile2 5243 0 R >> endobj 147 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /BaseFont /FBRVYT+Gentium /FontDescriptor 5244 0 R /FirstChar 5 /LastChar 206 /Widths 5242 0 R >> endobj 5246 0 obj [250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 333 333 675 675 675 500 920 611 611 667 722 611 611 722 722 333 444 667 556 833 667 722 611 722 611 500 556 722 611 833 611 556 556 389 278 389 422 500 333 500 500 444 500 444 278 500 500 278 278 444 278 722 500 500 500 500 389 389 278 500 444 667 444 444 389 400 0 400 541 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 389 500 500 500 500 275 500 333 760 276 500 675 0 760 0 400 675 300 300 333 0 523 250 333 300 310 500 750 750 750 500 611 611 611 611 611 611 889 667 611 611 611 611 333 333 333 333 722 667 722 722 722 722 722 675 722 722 722 722 722 556 611 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 667 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500] endobj 5247 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /Times-Italic /Flags 34 /FontBBox [0 -207 1000 683] /Ascent 683 /CapHeight 661 /Descent -207 /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 83 /XHeight 441 >> endobj 5248 0 obj [1000 0 0 0 333 333 333 0 444 444 444 0 500 500 350] endobj 5249 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /Times-Roman /Flags 34 /FontBBox [0 0 1000 0] /Ascent 0 /CapHeight 0 /Descent 0 /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /XHeight 450 >> endobj 5250 0 obj [333 408 500 500 833 778 180 333 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 278 278 564 564 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 389 722 611 889 722 722 556 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 611 333 278 333 469 500 333 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 278 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 480 0 480 541 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 500 500 500 500 200 500 333 760 276 500 564 0 760 0 400 564 300 300 333 0 453 250 333 300 310 500 750 750 750 444 722 722 722 722 722 722 889 667 611 611 611 611 333 333 333 333 722 722 722 722 722 722 722 564 722 722 722 722 722 722 556 500 444 444 444 444 444 444 667 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 564 500 500 500 500 500] endobj 5251 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /FontName /Times-Roman /Flags 34 /FontBBox [0 -218 1000 673] /Ascent 673 /CapHeight 673 /Descent -218 /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 83 /XHeight 450 >> endobj 5245 0 obj << /Type /Encoding /Differences [33/exclam 36/dollar/percent/ampersand/quotesingle/parenleft/parenright/asterisk 44/comma/hyphen/period/slash/zero/one/two/three/four/five/six/seven/eight/nine/colon/semicolon 63/question/at/A/B/C/D/E/F/G/H/I/J/K/L/M/N/O/P/Q/R/S/T/U/V/W/X/Y/Z/bracketleft 93/bracketright 97/a/b/c/d/e/f/g/h/i/j/k/l/m/n/o/p/q/r/s/t/u/v/w/x/y/z 163/sterling 167/section 198/AE 201/Eacute 220/Udieresis 224/agrave 228/adieresis 230/ae 232/egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis 238/icircumflex/idieresis 244/ocircumflex 246/odieresis 252/udieresis] >> endobj 5233 0 obj << /Type /Encoding /Differences [83/oe] >> endobj 5236 0 obj << /Type /Encoding /Differences [20/emdash 24/quoteleft/quoteright 28/quotedblleft/quotedblright 34/bullet] >> endobj 5230 0 obj << /Type /Encoding /Differences [34/trademark] >> endobj 22 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Times-Italic /FontDescriptor 5247 0 R /FirstChar 44 /LastChar 246 /Widths 5246 0 R /Encoding 5245 0 R >> endobj 236 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Times-Italic /FontDescriptor 5238 0 R /FirstChar 20 /LastChar 25 /Widths 5237 0 R /Encoding 5236 0 R >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Times-Roman /FontDescriptor 5251 0 R /FirstChar 33 /LastChar 252 /Widths 5250 0 R /Encoding 5245 0 R >> endobj 1960 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Times-Roman /FontDescriptor 5235 0 R /FirstChar 83 /LastChar 83 /Widths 5234 0 R /Encoding 5233 0 R >> endobj 14 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Times-Roman /FontDescriptor 5249 0 R /FirstChar 20 /LastChar 34 /Widths 5248 0 R /Encoding 5236 0 R >> endobj 5131 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /Type1 /BaseFont /Times-Roman /FontDescriptor 5232 0 R /FirstChar 34 /LastChar 34 /Widths 5231 0 R /Encoding 5230 0 R >> endobj 8 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5252 0 R /Kids [4 0 R 11 0 R 16 0 R 19 0 R 28 0 R 33 0 R] >> endobj 40 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5252 0 R /Kids [37 0 R 42 0 R 49 0 R 54 0 R 60 0 R 66 0 R] >> endobj 73 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5252 0 R /Kids [70 0 R 76 0 R 81 0 R 86 0 R 91 0 R 95 0 R] >> endobj 103 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5252 0 R /Kids [100 0 R 107 0 R 111 0 R 116 0 R 122 0 R 126 0 R] >> endobj 134 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5252 0 R /Kids [132 0 R 139 0 R 145 0 R 153 0 R 156 0 R 161 0 R] >> endobj 173 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5252 0 R /Kids [169 0 R 175 0 R 182 0 R 185 0 R 189 0 R 193 0 R] >> endobj 200 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5253 0 R /Kids [197 0 R 202 0 R 206 0 R 210 0 R 213 0 R 217 0 R] >> endobj 224 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5253 0 R /Kids [221 0 R 226 0 R 230 0 R 234 0 R 238 0 R 243 0 R] >> endobj 251 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5253 0 R /Kids [247 0 R 253 0 R 258 0 R 262 0 R 265 0 R 269 0 R] >> endobj 276 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5253 0 R /Kids [273 0 R 278 0 R 282 0 R 285 0 R 289 0 R 293 0 R] >> endobj 300 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5253 0 R /Kids [297 0 R 302 0 R 306 0 R 309 0 R 313 0 R 317 0 R] >> endobj 323 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5253 0 R /Kids [321 0 R 325 0 R 330 0 R 334 0 R 338 0 R 342 0 R] >> endobj 349 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5254 0 R /Kids [346 0 R 351 0 R 355 0 R 359 0 R 363 0 R 367 0 R] >> endobj 373 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5254 0 R /Kids [370 0 R 375 0 R 379 0 R 383 0 R 387 0 R 390 0 R] >> endobj 397 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5254 0 R /Kids [394 0 R 399 0 R 403 0 R 407 0 R 410 0 R 414 0 R] >> endobj 421 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5254 0 R /Kids [418 0 R 423 0 R 427 0 R 430 0 R 434 0 R 438 0 R] >> endobj 447 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5254 0 R /Kids [443 0 R 449 0 R 453 0 R 458 0 R 462 0 R 466 0 R] >> endobj 475 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5254 0 R /Kids [473 0 R 477 0 R 481 0 R 485 0 R 489 0 R 493 0 R] >> endobj 499 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5255 0 R /Kids [497 0 R 501 0 R 505 0 R 509 0 R 513 0 R 517 0 R] >> endobj 523 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5255 0 R /Kids [521 0 R 525 0 R 529 0 R 533 0 R 537 0 R 541 0 R] >> endobj 547 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5255 0 R /Kids [544 0 R 549 0 R 553 0 R 557 0 R 561 0 R 564 0 R] >> endobj 571 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5255 0 R /Kids [568 0 R 573 0 R 577 0 R 581 0 R 584 0 R 588 0 R] >> endobj 595 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5255 0 R /Kids [592 0 R 597 0 R 600 0 R 604 0 R 608 0 R 612 0 R] >> endobj 618 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5255 0 R /Kids [615 0 R 620 0 R 624 0 R 628 0 R 632 0 R 636 0 R] >> endobj 642 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5256 0 R /Kids [639 0 R 644 0 R 648 0 R 652 0 R 656 0 R 659 0 R] >> endobj 667 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5256 0 R /Kids [663 0 R 669 0 R 673 0 R 677 0 R 684 0 R 687 0 R] >> endobj 695 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5256 0 R /Kids [692 0 R 697 0 R 701 0 R 705 0 R 709 0 R 712 0 R] >> endobj 719 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5256 0 R /Kids [716 0 R 721 0 R 725 0 R 729 0 R 733 0 R 736 0 R] >> endobj 743 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5256 0 R /Kids [740 0 R 745 0 R 749 0 R 753 0 R 756 0 R 760 0 R] >> endobj 767 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5256 0 R /Kids [764 0 R 769 0 R 773 0 R 776 0 R 780 0 R 784 0 R] >> endobj 791 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5257 0 R /Kids [788 0 R 793 0 R 797 0 R 800 0 R 804 0 R 808 0 R] >> endobj 815 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5257 0 R /Kids [812 0 R 817 0 R 821 0 R 825 0 R 828 0 R 832 0 R] >> endobj 839 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5257 0 R /Kids [836 0 R 841 0 R 845 0 R 848 0 R 852 0 R 856 0 R] >> endobj 863 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5257 0 R /Kids [860 0 R 865 0 R 873 0 R 878 0 R 885 0 R 888 0 R] >> endobj 895 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5257 0 R /Kids [892 0 R 897 0 R 901 0 R 905 0 R 909 0 R 912 0 R] >> endobj 919 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5257 0 R /Kids [916 0 R 921 0 R 925 0 R 929 0 R 933 0 R 936 0 R] >> endobj 943 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5258 0 R /Kids [940 0 R 945 0 R 949 0 R 953 0 R 957 0 R 960 0 R] >> endobj 967 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5258 0 R /Kids [964 0 R 969 0 R 973 0 R 977 0 R 980 0 R 984 0 R] >> endobj 991 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5258 0 R /Kids [988 0 R 993 0 R 997 0 R 1001 0 R 1004 0 R 1008 0 R] >> endobj 1015 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5258 0 R /Kids [1012 0 R 1017 0 R 1021 0 R 1025 0 R 1028 0 R 1032 0 R] >> endobj 1039 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5258 0 R /Kids [1036 0 R 1041 0 R 1045 0 R 1048 0 R 1052 0 R 1057 0 R] >> endobj 1064 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5258 0 R /Kids [1061 0 R 1066 0 R 1069 0 R 1073 0 R 1077 0 R 1081 0 R] >> endobj 1087 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5259 0 R /Kids [1085 0 R 1089 0 R 1093 0 R 1097 0 R 1101 0 R 1105 0 R] >> endobj 1111 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5259 0 R /Kids [1108 0 R 1113 0 R 1117 0 R 1121 0 R 1125 0 R 1129 0 R] >> endobj 1135 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5259 0 R /Kids [1132 0 R 1137 0 R 1141 0 R 1145 0 R 1149 0 R 1156 0 R] >> endobj 1162 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5259 0 R /Kids [1159 0 R 1164 0 R 1168 0 R 1172 0 R 1176 0 R 1179 0 R] >> endobj 1186 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5259 0 R /Kids [1183 0 R 1188 0 R 1192 0 R 1196 0 R 1199 0 R 1203 0 R] >> endobj 1211 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5259 0 R /Kids [1208 0 R 1213 0 R 1217 0 R 1221 0 R 1224 0 R 1228 0 R] >> endobj 1236 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5260 0 R /Kids [1233 0 R 1238 0 R 1243 0 R 1246 0 R 1250 0 R 1254 0 R] >> endobj 1263 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5260 0 R /Kids [1258 0 R 1265 0 R 1269 0 R 1272 0 R 1276 0 R 1280 0 R] >> endobj 1287 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5260 0 R /Kids [1284 0 R 1289 0 R 1292 0 R 1296 0 R 1300 0 R 1305 0 R] >> endobj 1312 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5260 0 R /Kids [1309 0 R 1314 0 R 1317 0 R 1321 0 R 1327 0 R 1331 0 R] >> endobj 1338 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5260 0 R /Kids [1335 0 R 1340 0 R 1343 0 R 1347 0 R 1351 0 R 1355 0 R] >> endobj 1361 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5260 0 R /Kids [1359 0 R 1363 0 R 1367 0 R 1371 0 R 1375 0 R 1379 0 R] >> endobj 1385 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5261 0 R /Kids [1383 0 R 1387 0 R 1391 0 R 1395 0 R 1399 0 R 1403 0 R] >> endobj 1409 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5261 0 R /Kids [1406 0 R 1411 0 R 1415 0 R 1419 0 R 1423 0 R 1431 0 R] >> endobj 1437 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5261 0 R /Kids [1434 0 R 1439 0 R 1443 0 R 1447 0 R 1451 0 R 1455 0 R] >> endobj 1461 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5261 0 R /Kids [1458 0 R 1463 0 R 1467 0 R 1471 0 R 1475 0 R 1479 0 R] >> endobj 1485 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5261 0 R /Kids [1482 0 R 1487 0 R 1491 0 R 1495 0 R 1499 0 R 1503 0 R] >> endobj 1509 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5261 0 R /Kids [1506 0 R 1511 0 R 1515 0 R 1519 0 R 1523 0 R 1527 0 R] >> endobj 1533 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5262 0 R /Kids [1530 0 R 1535 0 R 1539 0 R 1543 0 R 1547 0 R 1551 0 R] >> endobj 1557 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5262 0 R /Kids [1554 0 R 1559 0 R 1563 0 R 1567 0 R 1571 0 R 1575 0 R] >> endobj 1581 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5262 0 R /Kids [1579 0 R 1583 0 R 1587 0 R 1592 0 R 1596 0 R 1600 0 R] >> endobj 1611 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5262 0 R /Kids [1607 0 R 1613 0 R 1620 0 R 1624 0 R 1628 0 R 1632 0 R] >> endobj 1639 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5262 0 R /Kids [1636 0 R 1641 0 R 1645 0 R 1648 0 R 1652 0 R 1656 0 R] >> endobj 1663 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5262 0 R /Kids [1660 0 R 1665 0 R 1669 0 R 1672 0 R 1677 0 R 1681 0 R] >> endobj 1688 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5263 0 R /Kids [1685 0 R 1690 0 R 1693 0 R 1697 0 R 1703 0 R 1707 0 R] >> endobj 1714 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5263 0 R /Kids [1711 0 R 1716 0 R 1719 0 R 1723 0 R 1727 0 R 1731 0 R] >> endobj 1739 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5263 0 R /Kids [1736 0 R 1741 0 R 1744 0 R 1748 0 R 1752 0 R 1756 0 R] >> endobj 1763 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5263 0 R /Kids [1760 0 R 1765 0 R 1768 0 R 1772 0 R 1776 0 R 1781 0 R] >> endobj 1788 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5263 0 R /Kids [1785 0 R 1790 0 R 1793 0 R 1797 0 R 1801 0 R 1806 0 R] >> endobj 1812 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5263 0 R /Kids [1810 0 R 1814 0 R 1818 0 R 1822 0 R 1826 0 R 1830 0 R] >> endobj 1838 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5264 0 R /Kids [1834 0 R 1840 0 R 1847 0 R 1851 0 R 1855 0 R 1859 0 R] >> endobj 1866 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5264 0 R /Kids [1863 0 R 1868 0 R 1873 0 R 1876 0 R 1880 0 R 1884 0 R] >> endobj 1891 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5264 0 R /Kids [1888 0 R 1893 0 R 1896 0 R 1900 0 R 1904 0 R 1908 0 R] >> endobj 1915 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5264 0 R /Kids [1912 0 R 1917 0 R 1921 0 R 1925 0 R 1929 0 R 1933 0 R] >> endobj 1940 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5264 0 R /Kids [1937 0 R 1942 0 R 1945 0 R 1949 0 R 1953 0 R 1957 0 R] >> endobj 1965 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5264 0 R /Kids [1962 0 R 1967 0 R 1970 0 R 1975 0 R 1979 0 R 1983 0 R] >> endobj 1989 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5265 0 R /Kids [1987 0 R 1991 0 R 1995 0 R 1999 0 R 2003 0 R 2006 0 R] >> endobj 2013 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5265 0 R /Kids [2010 0 R 2015 0 R 2019 0 R 2023 0 R 2026 0 R 2030 0 R] >> endobj 2037 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5265 0 R /Kids [2034 0 R 2039 0 R 2043 0 R 2046 0 R 2050 0 R 2054 0 R] >> endobj 2061 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5265 0 R /Kids [2058 0 R 2063 0 R 2067 0 R 2071 0 R 2074 0 R 2078 0 R] >> endobj 2085 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5265 0 R /Kids [2082 0 R 2087 0 R 2091 0 R 2098 0 R 2101 0 R 2105 0 R] >> endobj 2112 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5265 0 R /Kids [2109 0 R 2114 0 R 2118 0 R 2122 0 R 2126 0 R 2129 0 R] >> endobj 2136 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5266 0 R /Kids [2133 0 R 2138 0 R 2142 0 R 2147 0 R 2151 0 R 2154 0 R] >> endobj 2162 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5266 0 R /Kids [2158 0 R 2164 0 R 2168 0 R 2172 0 R 2176 0 R 2179 0 R] >> endobj 2186 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5266 0 R /Kids [2183 0 R 2188 0 R 2192 0 R 2196 0 R 2199 0 R 2204 0 R] >> endobj 2211 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5266 0 R /Kids [2208 0 R 2213 0 R 2218 0 R 2222 0 R 2225 0 R 2229 0 R] >> endobj 2236 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5266 0 R /Kids [2233 0 R 2238 0 R 2242 0 R 2245 0 R 2249 0 R 2253 0 R] >> endobj 2261 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5266 0 R /Kids [2258 0 R 2263 0 R 2267 0 R 2270 0 R 2274 0 R 2278 0 R] >> endobj 2285 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5267 0 R /Kids [2282 0 R 2287 0 R 2291 0 R 2294 0 R 2298 0 R 2302 0 R] >> endobj 2309 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5267 0 R /Kids [2306 0 R 2311 0 R 2315 0 R 2318 0 R 2322 0 R 2326 0 R] >> endobj 2333 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5267 0 R /Kids [2330 0 R 2335 0 R 2339 0 R 2343 0 R 2346 0 R 2350 0 R] >> endobj 2357 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5267 0 R /Kids [2354 0 R 2359 0 R 2364 0 R 2368 0 R 2371 0 R 2375 0 R] >> endobj 2386 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5267 0 R /Kids [2382 0 R 2392 0 R 2395 0 R 2399 0 R 2403 0 R 2407 0 R] >> endobj 2414 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5267 0 R /Kids [2411 0 R 2416 0 R 2419 0 R 2423 0 R 2427 0 R 2431 0 R] >> endobj 2437 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5268 0 R /Kids [2435 0 R 2439 0 R 2443 0 R 2447 0 R 2451 0 R 2455 0 R] >> endobj 2462 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5268 0 R /Kids [2459 0 R 2464 0 R 2468 0 R 2473 0 R 2477 0 R 2481 0 R] >> endobj 2487 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5268 0 R /Kids [2485 0 R 2489 0 R 2493 0 R 2498 0 R 2502 0 R 2506 0 R] >> endobj 2512 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5268 0 R /Kids [2509 0 R 2514 0 R 2518 0 R 2522 0 R 2526 0 R 2530 0 R] >> endobj 2536 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5268 0 R /Kids [2533 0 R 2538 0 R 2542 0 R 2546 0 R 2550 0 R 2554 0 R] >> endobj 2561 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5268 0 R /Kids [2558 0 R 2563 0 R 2567 0 R 2571 0 R 2575 0 R 2579 0 R] >> endobj 2586 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5269 0 R /Kids [2583 0 R 2588 0 R 2592 0 R 2599 0 R 2602 0 R 2606 0 R] >> endobj 2613 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5269 0 R /Kids [2610 0 R 2615 0 R 2619 0 R 2623 0 R 2626 0 R 2630 0 R] >> endobj 2637 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5269 0 R /Kids [2634 0 R 2639 0 R 2643 0 R 2647 0 R 2650 0 R 2654 0 R] >> endobj 2661 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5269 0 R /Kids [2658 0 R 2663 0 R 2667 0 R 2671 0 R 2674 0 R 2678 0 R] >> endobj 2685 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5269 0 R /Kids [2682 0 R 2687 0 R 2691 0 R 2695 0 R 2698 0 R 2702 0 R] >> endobj 2709 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5269 0 R /Kids [2706 0 R 2711 0 R 2715 0 R 2719 0 R 2722 0 R 2726 0 R] >> endobj 2733 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5270 0 R /Kids [2730 0 R 2735 0 R 2739 0 R 2744 0 R 2748 0 R 2751 0 R] >> endobj 2758 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5270 0 R /Kids [2755 0 R 2760 0 R 2765 0 R 2769 0 R 2773 0 R 2776 0 R] >> endobj 2783 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5270 0 R /Kids [2780 0 R 2785 0 R 2789 0 R 2794 0 R 2798 0 R 2801 0 R] >> endobj 2808 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5270 0 R /Kids [2805 0 R 2810 0 R 2814 0 R 2821 0 R 2824 0 R 2828 0 R] >> endobj 2836 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5270 0 R /Kids [2833 0 R 2838 0 R 2842 0 R 2846 0 R 2849 0 R 2853 0 R] >> endobj 2860 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5270 0 R /Kids [2857 0 R 2862 0 R 2866 0 R 2869 0 R 2873 0 R 2877 0 R] >> endobj 2884 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5271 0 R /Kids [2881 0 R 2886 0 R 2889 0 R 2893 0 R 2897 0 R 2901 0 R] >> endobj 2907 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5271 0 R /Kids [2905 0 R 2913 0 R 2916 0 R 2920 0 R 2924 0 R 2929 0 R] >> endobj 2935 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5271 0 R /Kids [2933 0 R 2937 0 R 2941 0 R 2945 0 R 2949 0 R 2953 0 R] >> endobj 2961 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5271 0 R /Kids [2957 0 R 2963 0 R 2967 0 R 2971 0 R 2979 0 R 2982 0 R] >> endobj 2989 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5271 0 R /Kids [2986 0 R 2991 0 R 2995 0 R 2999 0 R 3002 0 R 3006 0 R] >> endobj 3014 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5271 0 R /Kids [3010 0 R 3016 0 R 3020 0 R 3024 0 R 3027 0 R 3031 0 R] >> endobj 3038 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5272 0 R /Kids [3035 0 R 3040 0 R 3044 0 R 3048 0 R 3052 0 R 3055 0 R] >> endobj 3062 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5272 0 R /Kids [3059 0 R 3064 0 R 3068 0 R 3073 0 R 3076 0 R 3080 0 R] >> endobj 3087 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5272 0 R /Kids [3084 0 R 3089 0 R 3093 0 R 3102 0 R 3105 0 R 3109 0 R] >> endobj 3117 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5272 0 R /Kids [3113 0 R 3119 0 R 3123 0 R 3127 0 R 3130 0 R 3134 0 R] >> endobj 3141 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5272 0 R /Kids [3138 0 R 3143 0 R 3147 0 R 3151 0 R 3154 0 R 3158 0 R] >> endobj 3165 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5272 0 R /Kids [3162 0 R 3167 0 R 3171 0 R 3175 0 R 3178 0 R 3182 0 R] >> endobj 3190 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5273 0 R /Kids [3187 0 R 3192 0 R 3196 0 R 3200 0 R 3203 0 R 3207 0 R] >> endobj 3214 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5273 0 R /Kids [3211 0 R 3216 0 R 3220 0 R 3224 0 R 3228 0 R 3231 0 R] >> endobj 3238 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5273 0 R /Kids [3235 0 R 3240 0 R 3246 0 R 3250 0 R 3253 0 R 3257 0 R] >> endobj 3264 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5273 0 R /Kids [3261 0 R 3266 0 R 3270 0 R 3274 0 R 3277 0 R 3281 0 R] >> endobj 3288 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5273 0 R /Kids [3285 0 R 3290 0 R 3294 0 R 3298 0 R 3301 0 R 3305 0 R] >> endobj 3338 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5273 0 R /Kids [3334 0 R 3371 0 R 3406 0 R 3436 0 R 3472 0 R 3504 0 R] >> endobj 3536 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5274 0 R /Kids [3534 0 R 3568 0 R 3603 0 R 3633 0 R 3667 0 R 3701 0 R] >> endobj 3735 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5274 0 R /Kids [3733 0 R 3771 0 R 3808 0 R 3839 0 R 3878 0 R 3909 0 R] >> endobj 3945 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5274 0 R /Kids [3943 0 R 3974 0 R 4010 0 R 4039 0 R 4071 0 R 4102 0 R] >> endobj 4135 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5274 0 R /Kids [4133 0 R 4165 0 R 4197 0 R 4232 0 R 4267 0 R 4302 0 R] >> endobj 4341 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5274 0 R /Kids [4339 0 R 4371 0 R 4402 0 R 4444 0 R 4477 0 R 4513 0 R] >> endobj 4554 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5274 0 R /Kids [4551 0 R 4583 0 R 4614 0 R 4650 0 R 4692 0 R 4726 0 R] >> endobj 4763 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5275 0 R /Kids [4761 0 R 4793 0 R 4828 0 R 4862 0 R 4899 0 R 4931 0 R] >> endobj 4966 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5275 0 R /Kids [4963 0 R 4995 0 R 5028 0 R 5036 0 R 5073 0 R 5103 0 R] >> endobj 5109 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5275 0 R /Kids [5106 0 R 5111 0 R 5118 0 R 5121 0 R 5129 0 R 5140 0 R] >> endobj 5153 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5275 0 R /Kids [5148 0 R 5159 0 R 5166 0 R 5175 0 R 5182 0 R 5193 0 R] >> endobj 5203 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 6 /Parent 5275 0 R /Kids [5199 0 R 5208 0 R 5215 0 R 5219 0 R 5223 0 R 5228 0 R] >> endobj 5252 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5276 0 R /Kids [8 0 R 40 0 R 73 0 R 103 0 R 134 0 R 173 0 R] >> endobj 5253 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5276 0 R /Kids [200 0 R 224 0 R 251 0 R 276 0 R 300 0 R 323 0 R] >> endobj 5254 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5276 0 R /Kids [349 0 R 373 0 R 397 0 R 421 0 R 447 0 R 475 0 R] >> endobj 5255 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5276 0 R /Kids [499 0 R 523 0 R 547 0 R 571 0 R 595 0 R 618 0 R] >> endobj 5256 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5276 0 R /Kids [642 0 R 667 0 R 695 0 R 719 0 R 743 0 R 767 0 R] >> endobj 5257 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5276 0 R /Kids [791 0 R 815 0 R 839 0 R 863 0 R 895 0 R 919 0 R] >> endobj 5258 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5277 0 R /Kids [943 0 R 967 0 R 991 0 R 1015 0 R 1039 0 R 1064 0 R] >> endobj 5259 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5277 0 R /Kids [1087 0 R 1111 0 R 1135 0 R 1162 0 R 1186 0 R 1211 0 R] >> endobj 5260 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5277 0 R /Kids [1236 0 R 1263 0 R 1287 0 R 1312 0 R 1338 0 R 1361 0 R] >> endobj 5261 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5277 0 R /Kids [1385 0 R 1409 0 R 1437 0 R 1461 0 R 1485 0 R 1509 0 R] >> endobj 5262 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5277 0 R /Kids [1533 0 R 1557 0 R 1581 0 R 1611 0 R 1639 0 R 1663 0 R] >> endobj 5263 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5277 0 R /Kids [1688 0 R 1714 0 R 1739 0 R 1763 0 R 1788 0 R 1812 0 R] >> endobj 5264 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5278 0 R /Kids [1838 0 R 1866 0 R 1891 0 R 1915 0 R 1940 0 R 1965 0 R] >> endobj 5265 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5278 0 R /Kids [1989 0 R 2013 0 R 2037 0 R 2061 0 R 2085 0 R 2112 0 R] >> endobj 5266 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5278 0 R /Kids [2136 0 R 2162 0 R 2186 0 R 2211 0 R 2236 0 R 2261 0 R] >> endobj 5267 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5278 0 R /Kids [2285 0 R 2309 0 R 2333 0 R 2357 0 R 2386 0 R 2414 0 R] >> endobj 5268 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5278 0 R /Kids [2437 0 R 2462 0 R 2487 0 R 2512 0 R 2536 0 R 2561 0 R] >> endobj 5269 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5278 0 R /Kids [2586 0 R 2613 0 R 2637 0 R 2661 0 R 2685 0 R 2709 0 R] >> endobj 5270 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5279 0 R /Kids [2733 0 R 2758 0 R 2783 0 R 2808 0 R 2836 0 R 2860 0 R] >> endobj 5271 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5279 0 R /Kids [2884 0 R 2907 0 R 2935 0 R 2961 0 R 2989 0 R 3014 0 R] >> endobj 5272 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5279 0 R /Kids [3038 0 R 3062 0 R 3087 0 R 3117 0 R 3141 0 R 3165 0 R] >> endobj 5273 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5279 0 R /Kids [3190 0 R 3214 0 R 3238 0 R 3264 0 R 3288 0 R 3338 0 R] >> endobj 5274 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 36 /Parent 5279 0 R /Kids [3536 0 R 3735 0 R 3945 0 R 4135 0 R 4341 0 R 4554 0 R] >> endobj 5275 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 30 /Parent 5279 0 R /Kids [4763 0 R 4966 0 R 5109 0 R 5153 0 R 5203 0 R] >> endobj 5276 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 216 /Parent 5280 0 R /Kids [5252 0 R 5253 0 R 5254 0 R 5255 0 R 5256 0 R 5257 0 R] >> endobj 5277 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 216 /Parent 5280 0 R /Kids [5258 0 R 5259 0 R 5260 0 R 5261 0 R 5262 0 R 5263 0 R] >> endobj 5278 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 216 /Parent 5280 0 R /Kids [5264 0 R 5265 0 R 5266 0 R 5267 0 R 5268 0 R 5269 0 R] >> endobj 5279 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 210 /Parent 5280 0 R /Kids [5270 0 R 5271 0 R 5272 0 R 5273 0 R 5274 0 R 5275 0 R] >> endobj 5280 0 obj << /Type /Pages /Count 858 /Kids [5276 0 R 5277 0 R 5278 0 R 5279 0 R] >> endobj 5281 0 obj << /Type /Outlines /First 25 0 R /Last 5134 0 R /Count 11 >> endobj 5134 0 obj << /Title 5135 0 R /A 5132 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 5125 0 R >> endobj 5125 0 obj << /Title 5126 0 R /A 5123 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 5115 0 R /Next 5134 0 R >> endobj 5115 0 obj << /Title 5116 0 R /A 5113 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 5040 0 R /Next 5125 0 R >> endobj 5040 0 obj << /Title 5041 0 R /A 5038 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 3309 0 R /Next 5115 0 R >> endobj 3309 0 obj << /Title 3310 0 R /A 3307 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 2379 0 R /Next 5040 0 R >> endobj 3099 0 obj << /Title 3100 0 R /A 3097 0 R /Parent 2379 0 R /Prev 2976 0 R >> endobj 2976 0 obj << /Title 2977 0 R /A 2974 0 R /Parent 2379 0 R /Prev 2910 0 R /Next 3099 0 R >> endobj 2910 0 obj << /Title 2911 0 R /A 2908 0 R /Parent 2379 0 R /Prev 2818 0 R /Next 2976 0 R >> endobj 2818 0 obj << /Title 2819 0 R /A 2816 0 R /Parent 2379 0 R /Prev 2596 0 R /Next 2910 0 R >> endobj 2596 0 obj << /Title 2597 0 R /A 2594 0 R /Parent 2379 0 R /Prev 2389 0 R /Next 2818 0 R >> endobj 2389 0 obj << /Title 2390 0 R /A 2387 0 R /Parent 2379 0 R /Next 2596 0 R >> endobj 2379 0 obj << /Title 2380 0 R /A 2377 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 1604 0 R /Next 3309 0 R /First 2389 0 R /Last 3099 0 R /Count -6 >> endobj 2095 0 obj << /Title 2096 0 R /A 2093 0 R /Parent 1604 0 R /Prev 1844 0 R >> endobj 1844 0 obj << /Title 1845 0 R /A 1842 0 R /Parent 1604 0 R /Prev 1617 0 R /Next 2095 0 R >> endobj 1617 0 obj << /Title 1618 0 R /A 1615 0 R /Parent 1604 0 R /Next 1844 0 R >> endobj 1604 0 obj << /Title 1605 0 R /A 1602 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 870 0 R /Next 2379 0 R /First 1617 0 R /Last 2095 0 R /Count -3 >> endobj 1428 0 obj << /Title 1429 0 R /A 1426 0 R /Parent 870 0 R /Prev 1153 0 R >> endobj 1153 0 obj << /Title 1154 0 R /A 1151 0 R /Parent 870 0 R /Prev 882 0 R /Next 1428 0 R >> endobj 882 0 obj << /Title 883 0 R /A 880 0 R /Parent 870 0 R /Next 1153 0 R >> endobj 870 0 obj << /Title 871 0 R /A 868 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 166 0 R /Next 1604 0 R /First 882 0 R /Last 1428 0 R /Count -3 >> endobj 681 0 obj << /Title 682 0 R /A 679 0 R /Parent 166 0 R /Prev 470 0 R >> endobj 470 0 obj << /Title 471 0 R /A 468 0 R /Parent 166 0 R /Prev 179 0 R /Next 681 0 R >> endobj 179 0 obj << /Title 180 0 R /A 177 0 R /Parent 166 0 R /Next 470 0 R >> endobj 166 0 obj << /Title 167 0 R /A 164 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 46 0 R /Next 870 0 R /First 179 0 R /Last 681 0 R /Count -3 >> endobj 46 0 obj << /Title 47 0 R /A 44 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Prev 25 0 R /Next 166 0 R >> endobj 25 0 obj << /Title 26 0 R /A 23 0 R /Parent 5281 0 R /Next 46 0 R >> endobj 5282 0 obj << /Names [(Note393-5) 2145 0 R (Note52) 441 0 R (Note531-3) 2831 0 R (Pg1) 57 0 R (Pg10) 223 0 R (Pg100) 68 0 R] /Limits [(Note393-5) (Pg100)] >> endobj 5283 0 obj << /Names [(Pg101) 689 0 R (Pg102) 694 0 R (Pg103) 699 0 R (Pg104) 703 0 R (Pg105) 707 0 R (Pg106) 714 0 R] /Limits [(Pg101) (Pg106)] >> endobj 5284 0 obj << /Names [(Pg107) 718 0 R (Pg108) 723 0 R (Pg109) 727 0 R (Pg11) 228 0 R (Pg110) 731 0 R (Pg111) 738 0 R] /Limits [(Pg107) (Pg111)] >> endobj 5285 0 obj << /Names [(Pg112) 742 0 R (Pg113) 747 0 R (Pg114) 751 0 R (Pg115) 758 0 R (Pg116) 762 0 R (Pg117) 766 0 R] /Limits [(Pg112) (Pg117)] >> endobj 5286 0 obj << /Names [(Pg118) 771 0 R (Pg119) 778 0 R (Pg12) 232 0 R (Pg120) 782 0 R (Pg121) 786 0 R (Pg122) 790 0 R] /Limits [(Pg118) (Pg122)] >> endobj 5287 0 obj << /Names [(Pg123) 795 0 R (Pg124) 802 0 R (Pg125) 806 0 R (Pg126) 810 0 R (Pg127) 814 0 R (Pg128) 819 0 R] /Limits [(Pg123) (Pg128)] >> endobj 5288 0 obj << /Names [(Pg129) 823 0 R (Pg13) 240 0 R (Pg130) 830 0 R (Pg131) 834 0 R (Pg132) 838 0 R (Pg133) 843 0 R] /Limits [(Pg129) (Pg133)] >> endobj 5289 0 obj << /Names [(Pg134) 850 0 R (Pg135) 854 0 R (Pg136) 858 0 R (Pg137) 862 0 R (Pg138) 867 0 R (Pg139) 875 0 R] /Limits [(Pg134) (Pg139)] >> endobj 5290 0 obj << /Names [(Pg14) 245 0 R (Pg140) 876 0 R (Pg141) 78 0 R (Pg142) 890 0 R (Pg143) 894 0 R (Pg144) 899 0 R] /Limits [(Pg14) (Pg144)] >> endobj 5291 0 obj << /Names [(Pg145) 903 0 R (Pg146) 907 0 R (Pg147) 914 0 R (Pg148) 918 0 R (Pg149) 923 0 R (Pg15) 250 0 R] /Limits [(Pg145) (Pg15)] >> endobj 5292 0 obj << /Names [(Pg150) 927 0 R (Pg151) 931 0 R (Pg152) 938 0 R (Pg153) 942 0 R (Pg154) 947 0 R (Pg155) 951 0 R] /Limits [(Pg150) (Pg155)] >> endobj 5293 0 obj << /Names [(Pg156) 955 0 R (Pg157) 962 0 R (Pg158) 966 0 R (Pg159) 971 0 R (Pg16) 255 0 R (Pg160) 975 0 R] /Limits [(Pg156) (Pg160)] >> endobj 5294 0 obj << /Names [(Pg161) 982 0 R (Pg162) 986 0 R (Pg163) 990 0 R (Pg164) 995 0 R (Pg165) 999 0 R (Pg166) 1006 0 R] /Limits [(Pg161) (Pg166)] >> endobj 5295 0 obj << /Names [(Pg167) 1010 0 R (Pg168) 1014 0 R (Pg169) 1019 0 R (Pg17) 260 0 R (Pg170) 1023 0 R (Pg171) 1030 0 R] /Limits [(Pg167) (Pg171)] >> endobj 5296 0 obj << /Names [(Pg172) 1034 0 R (Pg173) 1038 0 R (Pg174) 1043 0 R (Pg175) 1050 0 R (Pg176) 1054 0 R (Pg177) 1059 0 R] /Limits [(Pg172) (Pg177)] >> endobj 5297 0 obj << /Names [(Pg178) 1063 0 R (Pg179) 1071 0 R (Pg18) 267 0 R (Pg180) 1075 0 R (Pg181) 1079 0 R (Pg182) 1083 0 R] /Limits [(Pg178) (Pg182)] >> endobj 5298 0 obj << /Names [(Pg183) 1091 0 R (Pg184) 1095 0 R (Pg185) 1099 0 R (Pg186) 1103 0 R (Pg187) 1110 0 R (Pg188) 1115 0 R] /Limits [(Pg183) (Pg188)] >> endobj 5299 0 obj << /Names [(Pg189) 1119 0 R (Pg19) 271 0 R (Pg190) 1123 0 R (Pg191) 1127 0 R (Pg192) 1134 0 R (Pg193) 1139 0 R] /Limits [(Pg189) (Pg193)] >> endobj 5300 0 obj << /Names [(Pg194) 1143 0 R (Pg195) 1147 0 R (Pg196) 84 0 R (Pg197) 1161 0 R (Pg198) 1166 0 R (Pg199) 1170 0 R] /Limits [(Pg194) (Pg199)] >> endobj 5301 0 obj << /Names [(Pg2) 187 0 R (Pg20) 275 0 R (Pg200) 1174 0 R (Pg201) 1181 0 R (Pg202) 1185 0 R (Pg203) 1190 0 R] /Limits [(Pg2) (Pg203)] >> endobj 5302 0 obj << /Names [(Pg204) 1194 0 R (Pg205) 1201 0 R (Pg206) 1205 0 R (Pg207) 1210 0 R (Pg208) 1215 0 R (Pg209) 1219 0 R] /Limits [(Pg204) (Pg209)] >> endobj 5303 0 obj << /Names [(Pg21) 280 0 R (Pg210) 1226 0 R (Pg211) 1230 0 R (Pg212) 1235 0 R (Pg213) 1241 0 R (Pg214) 1248 0 R] /Limits [(Pg21) (Pg214)] >> endobj 5304 0 obj << /Names [(Pg215) 1252 0 R (Pg216) 1256 0 R (Pg217) 1260 0 R (Pg218) 1267 0 R (Pg219) 1274 0 R (Pg22) 287 0 R] /Limits [(Pg215) (Pg22)] >> endobj 5305 0 obj << /Names [(Pg220) 1278 0 R (Pg221) 1282 0 R (Pg222) 1286 0 R (Pg223) 1294 0 R (Pg224) 1298 0 R (Pg225) 1303 0 R] /Limits [(Pg220) (Pg225)] >> endobj 5306 0 obj << /Names [(Pg226) 1307 0 R (Pg227) 1311 0 R (Pg228) 1319 0 R (Pg229) 1324 0 R (Pg23) 291 0 R (Pg230) 1329 0 R] /Limits [(Pg226) (Pg230)] >> endobj 5307 0 obj << /Names [(Pg231) 1333 0 R (Pg232) 1337 0 R (Pg233) 1345 0 R (Pg234) 1349 0 R (Pg235) 1353 0 R (Pg236) 1357 0 R] /Limits [(Pg231) (Pg236)] >> endobj 5308 0 obj << /Names [(Pg237) 1365 0 R (Pg238) 1369 0 R (Pg239) 1373 0 R (Pg24) 295 0 R (Pg240) 1377 0 R (Pg241) 1381 0 R] /Limits [(Pg237) (Pg241)] >> endobj 5309 0 obj << /Names [(Pg242) 1389 0 R (Pg243) 1393 0 R (Pg244) 1397 0 R (Pg245) 1401 0 R (Pg246) 1408 0 R (Pg247) 1413 0 R] /Limits [(Pg242) (Pg247)] >> endobj 5310 0 obj << /Names [(Pg248) 1417 0 R (Pg249) 1421 0 R (Pg25) 299 0 R (Pg250) 1425 0 R (Pg251) 93 0 R (Pg252) 1436 0 R] /Limits [(Pg248) (Pg252)] >> endobj 5311 0 obj << /Names [(Pg253) 1441 0 R (Pg254) 1445 0 R (Pg255) 1449 0 R (Pg256) 1453 0 R (Pg257) 1460 0 R (Pg258) 1465 0 R] /Limits [(Pg253) (Pg258)] >> endobj 5312 0 obj << /Names [(Pg259) 1469 0 R (Pg26) 304 0 R (Pg260) 1473 0 R (Pg261) 1477 0 R (Pg262) 1484 0 R (Pg263) 1489 0 R] /Limits [(Pg259) (Pg263)] >> endobj 5313 0 obj << /Names [(Pg264) 1493 0 R (Pg265) 1497 0 R (Pg266) 1501 0 R (Pg267) 1508 0 R (Pg268) 1513 0 R (Pg269) 1517 0 R] /Limits [(Pg264) (Pg269)] >> endobj 5314 0 obj << /Names [(Pg27) 311 0 R (Pg270) 1521 0 R (Pg271) 1525 0 R (Pg272) 1532 0 R (Pg273) 1537 0 R (Pg274) 1541 0 R] /Limits [(Pg27) (Pg274)] >> endobj 5315 0 obj << /Names [(Pg275) 1545 0 R (Pg276) 1549 0 R (Pg277) 1556 0 R (Pg278) 1561 0 R (Pg279) 1565 0 R (Pg28) 315 0 R] /Limits [(Pg275) (Pg28)] >> endobj 5316 0 obj << /Names [(Pg280) 1569 0 R (Pg281) 1573 0 R (Pg282) 1577 0 R (Pg283) 1585 0 R (Pg284) 1589 0 R (Pg285) 1594 0 R] /Limits [(Pg280) (Pg285)] >> endobj 5317 0 obj << /Names [(Pg286) 1598 0 R (Pg287) 1609 0 R (Pg288) 1610 0 R (Pg289) 104 0 R (Pg29) 319 0 R (Pg290) 1626 0 R] /Limits [(Pg286) (Pg290)] >> endobj 5318 0 obj << /Names [(Pg291) 1630 0 R (Pg292) 1634 0 R (Pg293) 1638 0 R (Pg294) 1643 0 R (Pg295) 1650 0 R (Pg296) 1654 0 R] /Limits [(Pg291) (Pg296)] >> endobj 5319 0 obj << /Names [(Pg297) 1658 0 R (Pg298) 1662 0 R (Pg299) 1667 0 R (Pg3) 191 0 R (Pg30) 327 0 R (Pg300) 1674 0 R] /Limits [(Pg297) (Pg300)] >> endobj 5320 0 obj << /Names [(Pg301) 1679 0 R (Pg302) 1683 0 R (Pg303) 1687 0 R (Pg304) 1695 0 R (Pg305) 1699 0 R (Pg306) 1705 0 R] /Limits [(Pg301) (Pg306)] >> endobj 5321 0 obj << /Names [(Pg307) 1709 0 R (Pg308) 1713 0 R (Pg309) 1721 0 R (Pg31) 332 0 R (Pg310) 1725 0 R (Pg311) 1729 0 R] /Limits [(Pg307) (Pg311)] >> endobj 5322 0 obj << /Names [(Pg312) 1733 0 R (Pg313) 1738 0 R (Pg314) 1746 0 R (Pg315) 1750 0 R (Pg316) 1754 0 R (Pg317) 1758 0 R] /Limits [(Pg312) (Pg317)] >> endobj 5323 0 obj << /Names [(Pg318) 1762 0 R (Pg319) 1770 0 R (Pg32) 336 0 R (Pg320) 1774 0 R (Pg321) 1778 0 R (Pg322) 1783 0 R] /Limits [(Pg318) (Pg322)] >> endobj 5324 0 obj << /Names [(Pg323) 1787 0 R (Pg324) 1795 0 R (Pg325) 1799 0 R (Pg326) 1803 0 R (Pg327) 1808 0 R (Pg328) 1816 0 R] /Limits [(Pg323) (Pg328)] >> endobj 5325 0 obj << /Names [(Pg329) 1820 0 R (Pg33) 340 0 R (Pg330) 1824 0 R (Pg331) 1828 0 R (Pg332) 1832 0 R (Pg333) 1837 0 R] /Limits [(Pg329) (Pg333)] >> endobj 5326 0 obj << /Names [(Pg334) 109 0 R (Pg335) 1853 0 R (Pg336) 1857 0 R (Pg337) 1861 0 R (Pg338) 1865 0 R (Pg339) 1870 0 R] /Limits [(Pg334) (Pg339)] >> endobj 5327 0 obj << /Names [(Pg34) 348 0 R (Pg340) 1878 0 R (Pg341) 1882 0 R (Pg342) 1886 0 R (Pg343) 1890 0 R (Pg344) 1898 0 R] /Limits [(Pg34) (Pg344)] >> endobj 5328 0 obj << /Names [(Pg345) 1902 0 R (Pg346) 1906 0 R (Pg347) 1910 0 R (Pg348) 1914 0 R (Pg349) 1923 0 R (Pg35) 353 0 R] /Limits [(Pg345) (Pg35)] >> endobj 5329 0 obj << /Names [(Pg350) 1927 0 R (Pg351) 1931 0 R (Pg352) 1935 0 R (Pg353) 1939 0 R (Pg354) 1947 0 R (Pg355) 1951 0 R] /Limits [(Pg350) (Pg355)] >> endobj 5330 0 obj << /Names [(Pg356) 1955 0 R (Pg357) 1959 0 R (Pg358) 1964 0 R (Pg359) 1972 0 R (Pg36) 357 0 R (Pg360) 1977 0 R] /Limits [(Pg356) (Pg360)] >> endobj 5331 0 obj << /Names [(Pg361) 1981 0 R (Pg362) 1985 0 R (Pg363) 1993 0 R (Pg364) 1997 0 R (Pg365) 2001 0 R (Pg366) 2008 0 R] /Limits [(Pg361) (Pg366)] >> endobj 5332 0 obj << /Names [(Pg367) 2012 0 R (Pg368) 2017 0 R (Pg369) 2021 0 R (Pg37) 361 0 R (Pg370) 2028 0 R (Pg371) 2032 0 R] /Limits [(Pg367) (Pg371)] >> endobj 5333 0 obj << /Names [(Pg372) 2036 0 R (Pg373) 2041 0 R (Pg374) 2048 0 R (Pg375) 2052 0 R (Pg376) 2056 0 R (Pg377) 2060 0 R] /Limits [(Pg372) (Pg377)] >> endobj 5334 0 obj << /Names [(Pg378) 2065 0 R (Pg379) 2069 0 R (Pg38) 365 0 R (Pg380) 2076 0 R (Pg381) 2080 0 R (Pg382) 2084 0 R] /Limits [(Pg378) (Pg382)] >> endobj 5335 0 obj << /Names [(Pg383) 2089 0 R (Pg384) 119 0 R (Pg385) 2103 0 R (Pg386) 2107 0 R (Pg387) 2111 0 R (Pg388) 2116 0 R] /Limits [(Pg383) (Pg388)] >> endobj 5336 0 obj << /Names [(Pg389) 2120 0 R (Pg39) 372 0 R (Pg390) 2124 0 R (Pg391) 2131 0 R (Pg392) 2135 0 R (Pg393) 2140 0 R] /Limits [(Pg389) (Pg393)] >> endobj 5337 0 obj << /Names [(Pg394) 2144 0 R (Pg395) 2149 0 R (Pg396) 2156 0 R (Pg397) 2160 0 R (Pg398) 2166 0 R (Pg399) 2170 0 R] /Limits [(Pg394) (Pg399)] >> endobj 5338 0 obj << /Names [(Pg4) 195 0 R (Pg40) 377 0 R (Pg400) 2174 0 R (Pg401) 2181 0 R (Pg402) 2185 0 R (Pg403) 2190 0 R] /Limits [(Pg4) (Pg403)] >> endobj 5339 0 obj << /Names [(Pg404) 2194 0 R (Pg405) 2201 0 R (Pg406) 2206 0 R (Pg407) 2210 0 R (Pg408) 2215 0 R (Pg409) 2220 0 R] /Limits [(Pg404) (Pg409)] >> endobj 5340 0 obj << /Names [(Pg41) 381 0 R (Pg410) 2227 0 R (Pg411) 2231 0 R (Pg412) 2235 0 R (Pg413) 2240 0 R (Pg414) 2247 0 R] /Limits [(Pg41) (Pg414)] >> endobj 5341 0 obj << /Names [(Pg415) 2251 0 R (Pg416) 2255 0 R (Pg417) 2260 0 R (Pg418) 2265 0 R (Pg419) 2272 0 R (Pg42) 385 0 R] /Limits [(Pg415) (Pg42)] >> endobj 5342 0 obj << /Names [(Pg420) 2276 0 R (Pg421) 2280 0 R (Pg422) 2284 0 R (Pg423) 2289 0 R (Pg424) 2296 0 R (Pg425) 2300 0 R] /Limits [(Pg420) (Pg425)] >> endobj 5343 0 obj << /Names [(Pg426) 2304 0 R (Pg427) 2308 0 R (Pg428) 2313 0 R (Pg429) 2320 0 R (Pg43) 392 0 R (Pg430) 2324 0 R] /Limits [(Pg426) (Pg430)] >> endobj 5344 0 obj << /Names [(Pg431) 2328 0 R (Pg432) 2332 0 R (Pg433) 2337 0 R (Pg434) 2341 0 R (Pg435) 2348 0 R (Pg436) 2352 0 R] /Limits [(Pg431) (Pg436)] >> endobj 5345 0 obj << /Names [(Pg437) 2356 0 R (Pg438) 2361 0 R (Pg439) 2366 0 R (Pg44) 396 0 R (Pg440) 2373 0 R (Pg441) 2384 0 R] /Limits [(Pg437) (Pg441)] >> endobj 5346 0 obj << /Names [(Pg442) 2385 0 R (Pg443) 124 0 R (Pg444) 2397 0 R (Pg445) 2401 0 R (Pg446) 2405 0 R (Pg447) 2409 0 R] /Limits [(Pg442) (Pg447)] >> endobj 5347 0 obj << /Names [(Pg448) 2413 0 R (Pg449) 2421 0 R (Pg45) 401 0 R (Pg450) 2425 0 R (Pg451) 2429 0 R (Pg452) 2433 0 R] /Limits [(Pg448) (Pg452)] >> endobj 5348 0 obj << /Names [(Pg453) 2441 0 R (Pg454) 2445 0 R (Pg455) 2449 0 R (Pg456) 2453 0 R (Pg457) 2457 0 R (Pg458) 2466 0 R] /Limits [(Pg453) (Pg458)] >> endobj 5349 0 obj << /Names [(Pg459) 2470 0 R (Pg46) 405 0 R (Pg460) 2475 0 R (Pg461) 2479 0 R (Pg462) 2483 0 R (Pg463) 2491 0 R] /Limits [(Pg459) (Pg463)] >> endobj 5350 0 obj << /Names [(Pg464) 2495 0 R (Pg465) 2500 0 R (Pg466) 2504 0 R (Pg467) 2511 0 R (Pg468) 2516 0 R (Pg469) 2520 0 R] /Limits [(Pg464) (Pg469)] >> endobj 5351 0 obj << /Names [(Pg47) 412 0 R (Pg470) 2524 0 R (Pg471) 2528 0 R (Pg472) 2535 0 R (Pg473) 2540 0 R (Pg474) 2544 0 R] /Limits [(Pg47) (Pg474)] >> endobj 5352 0 obj << /Names [(Pg475) 2548 0 R (Pg476) 2556 0 R (Pg477) 2560 0 R (Pg478) 2565 0 R (Pg479) 2569 0 R (Pg48) 416 0 R] /Limits [(Pg475) (Pg48)] >> endobj 5353 0 obj << /Names [(Pg480) 2573 0 R (Pg481) 2581 0 R (Pg482) 2585 0 R (Pg483) 2590 0 R (Pg484) 135 0 R (Pg485) 2604 0 R] /Limits [(Pg480) (Pg485)] >> endobj 5354 0 obj << /Names [(Pg486) 2608 0 R (Pg487) 2612 0 R (Pg488) 2617 0 R (Pg489) 2621 0 R (Pg49) 420 0 R (Pg490) 2628 0 R] /Limits [(Pg486) (Pg490)] >> endobj 5355 0 obj << /Names [(Pg491) 2632 0 R (Pg492) 2636 0 R (Pg493) 2641 0 R (Pg494) 2645 0 R (Pg495) 2652 0 R (Pg496) 2656 0 R] /Limits [(Pg491) (Pg496)] >> endobj 5356 0 obj << /Names [(Pg497) 2660 0 R (Pg498) 2665 0 R (Pg499) 2669 0 R (Pg5) 199 0 R (Pg50) 425 0 R (Pg500) 2676 0 R] /Limits [(Pg497) (Pg500)] >> endobj 5357 0 obj << /Names [(Pg501) 2680 0 R (Pg502) 2684 0 R (Pg503) 2689 0 R (Pg504) 2693 0 R (Pg505) 2700 0 R (Pg506) 2704 0 R] /Limits [(Pg501) (Pg506)] >> endobj 5358 0 obj << /Names [(Pg507) 2708 0 R (Pg508) 2713 0 R (Pg509) 2717 0 R (Pg51) 432 0 R (Pg510) 2724 0 R (Pg511) 2728 0 R] /Limits [(Pg507) (Pg511)] >> endobj 5359 0 obj << /Names [(Pg512) 2732 0 R (Pg513) 2737 0 R (Pg514) 2741 0 R (Pg515) 2746 0 R (Pg516) 2753 0 R (Pg517) 2757 0 R] /Limits [(Pg512) (Pg517)] >> endobj 5360 0 obj << /Names [(Pg518) 2762 0 R (Pg519) 2767 0 R (Pg52) 436 0 R (Pg520) 2771 0 R (Pg521) 2778 0 R (Pg522) 2782 0 R] /Limits [(Pg518) (Pg522)] >> endobj 5361 0 obj << /Names [(Pg523) 2787 0 R (Pg524) 2791 0 R (Pg525) 2796 0 R (Pg526) 2803 0 R (Pg527) 2807 0 R (Pg528) 2812 0 R] /Limits [(Pg523) (Pg528)] >> endobj 5362 0 obj << /Names [(Pg529) 136 0 R (Pg53) 440 0 R (Pg530) 2826 0 R (Pg531) 2830 0 R (Pg532) 2835 0 R (Pg533) 2840 0 R] /Limits [(Pg529) (Pg533)] >> endobj 5363 0 obj << /Names [(Pg534) 2844 0 R (Pg535) 2851 0 R (Pg536) 2855 0 R (Pg537) 2859 0 R (Pg538) 2864 0 R (Pg539) 2871 0 R] /Limits [(Pg534) (Pg539)] >> endobj 5364 0 obj << /Names [(Pg54) 445 0 R (Pg540) 2875 0 R (Pg541) 2879 0 R (Pg542) 2883 0 R (Pg543) 2891 0 R (Pg544) 2895 0 R] /Limits [(Pg54) (Pg544)] >> endobj 5365 0 obj << /Names [(Pg545) 2899 0 R (Pg546) 2903 0 R (Pg547) 142 0 R (Pg548) 2918 0 R (Pg549) 2922 0 R (Pg55) 451 0 R] /Limits [(Pg545) (Pg55)] >> endobj 5366 0 obj << /Names [(Pg550) 2926 0 R (Pg551) 2931 0 R (Pg552) 2939 0 R (Pg553) 2943 0 R (Pg554) 2947 0 R (Pg555) 2951 0 R] /Limits [(Pg550) (Pg555)] >> endobj 5367 0 obj << /Names [(Pg556) 2955 0 R (Pg557) 2959 0 R (Pg558) 2969 0 R (Pg559) 2973 0 R (Pg56) 460 0 R (Pg560) 151 0 R] /Limits [(Pg556) (Pg560)] >> endobj 5368 0 obj << /Names [(Pg561) 2984 0 R (Pg562) 2988 0 R (Pg563) 2993 0 R (Pg564) 2997 0 R (Pg565) 3004 0 R (Pg566) 3008 0 R] /Limits [(Pg561) (Pg566)] >> endobj 5369 0 obj << /Names [(Pg567) 3012 0 R (Pg568) 3018 0 R (Pg569) 3022 0 R (Pg57) 464 0 R (Pg570) 3029 0 R (Pg571) 3033 0 R] /Limits [(Pg567) (Pg571)] >> endobj 5370 0 obj << /Names [(Pg572) 3037 0 R (Pg573) 3042 0 R (Pg574) 3046 0 R (Pg575) 3050 0 R (Pg576) 3057 0 R (Pg577) 3061 0 R] /Limits [(Pg572) (Pg577)] >> endobj 5371 0 obj << /Names [(Pg578) 3066 0 R (Pg579) 3070 0 R (Pg58) 63 0 R (Pg580) 3078 0 R (Pg581) 3082 0 R (Pg582) 3086 0 R] /Limits [(Pg578) (Pg582)] >> endobj 5372 0 obj << /Names [(Pg583) 3091 0 R (Pg584) 3095 0 R (Pg585) 163 0 R (Pg586) 3107 0 R (Pg587) 3111 0 R (Pg588) 3115 0 R] /Limits [(Pg583) (Pg588)] >> endobj 5373 0 obj << /Names [(Pg589) 3121 0 R (Pg59) 479 0 R (Pg590) 3125 0 R (Pg591) 3132 0 R (Pg592) 3136 0 R (Pg593) 3140 0 R] /Limits [(Pg589) (Pg593)] >> endobj 5374 0 obj << /Names [(Pg594) 3145 0 R (Pg595) 3149 0 R (Pg596) 3156 0 R (Pg597) 3160 0 R (Pg598) 3164 0 R (Pg599) 3169 0 R] /Limits [(Pg594) (Pg599)] >> endobj 5375 0 obj << /Names [(Pg6) 204 0 R (Pg60) 483 0 R (Pg600) 3173 0 R (Pg601) 3180 0 R (Pg602) 3184 0 R (Pg603) 3189 0 R] /Limits [(Pg6) (Pg603)] >> endobj 5376 0 obj << /Names [(Pg604) 3194 0 R (Pg605) 3198 0 R (Pg606) 3205 0 R (Pg607) 3209 0 R (Pg608) 3213 0 R (Pg609) 3218 0 R] /Limits [(Pg604) (Pg609)] >> endobj 5377 0 obj << /Names [(Pg61) 487 0 R (Pg610) 3222 0 R (Pg611) 3226 0 R (Pg612) 3233 0 R (Pg613) 3237 0 R (Pg614) 3242 0 R] /Limits [(Pg61) (Pg614)] >> endobj 5378 0 obj << /Names [(Pg615) 3248 0 R (Pg616) 3255 0 R (Pg617) 3259 0 R (Pg618) 3263 0 R (Pg619) 3268 0 R (Pg62) 491 0 R] /Limits [(Pg615) (Pg62)] >> endobj 5379 0 obj << /Names [(Pg620) 3272 0 R (Pg621) 3279 0 R (Pg622) 3283 0 R (Pg623) 3287 0 R (Pg624) 3292 0 R (Pg625) 3296 0 R] /Limits [(Pg620) (Pg625)] >> endobj 5380 0 obj << /Names [(Pg626) 3303 0 R (Pg627) 3336 0 R (Pg628) 3438 0 R (Pg629) 3570 0 R (Pg63) 495 0 R (Pg630) 3703 0 R] /Limits [(Pg626) (Pg630)] >> endobj 5381 0 obj << /Names [(Pg631) 3841 0 R (Pg632) 3976 0 R (Pg633) 4104 0 R (Pg634) 4234 0 R (Pg635) 4373 0 R (Pg636) 4553 0 R] /Limits [(Pg631) (Pg636)] >> endobj 5382 0 obj << /Names [(Pg637) 4652 0 R (Pg638) 4830 0 R (Pg639) 4965 0 R (Pg64) 503 0 R (Pg65) 507 0 R (Pg66) 511 0 R] /Limits [(Pg637) (Pg66)] >> endobj 5383 0 obj << /Names [(Pg67) 515 0 R (Pg68) 519 0 R (Pg69) 527 0 R (Pg7) 208 0 R (Pg70) 531 0 R (Pg71) 535 0 R] /Limits [(Pg67) (Pg71)] >> endobj 5384 0 obj << /Names [(Pg72) 539 0 R (Pg73) 546 0 R (Pg74) 551 0 R (Pg75) 555 0 R (Pg76) 559 0 R (Pg77) 566 0 R] /Limits [(Pg72) (Pg77)] >> endobj 5385 0 obj << /Names [(Pg78) 570 0 R (Pg79) 575 0 R (Pg8) 215 0 R (Pg80) 579 0 R (Pg81) 586 0 R (Pg82) 590 0 R] /Limits [(Pg78) (Pg82)] >> endobj 5386 0 obj << /Names [(Pg83) 594 0 R (Pg84) 602 0 R (Pg85) 606 0 R (Pg86) 610 0 R (Pg87) 617 0 R (Pg88) 622 0 R] /Limits [(Pg83) (Pg88)] >> endobj 5387 0 obj << /Names [(Pg89) 626 0 R (Pg9) 219 0 R (Pg90) 630 0 R (Pg91) 634 0 R (Pg92) 641 0 R (Pg93) 646 0 R] /Limits [(Pg89) (Pg93)] >> endobj 5388 0 obj << /Names [(Pg94) 650 0 R (Pg95) 654 0 R (Pg96) 661 0 R (Pg97) 666 0 R (Pg98) 671 0 R (Pg99) 675 0 R] /Limits [(Pg94) (Pg99)] >> endobj 5389 0 obj << /Names [(Pgiii) 13 0 R (Pgiv) 21 0 R (Pgix) 51 0 R (Pgv) 30 0 R (Pgvi) 31 0 R (Pgvii) 35 0 R] /Limits [(Pgiii) (Pgvii)] >> endobj 5390 0 obj << /Names [(Pgviii) 39 0 R (Pgx) 56 0 R (Pgxi) 62 0 R (Pgxii) 72 0 R (Pgxiii) 83 0 R (Pgxiv) 88 0 R] /Limits [(Pgviii) (Pgxiv)] >> endobj 5391 0 obj << /Names [(Pgxix) 128 0 R (Pgxv) 97 0 R (Pgxvi) 102 0 R (Pgxvii) 113 0 R (Pgxviii) 118 0 R (Pgxx) 141 0 R] /Limits [(Pgxix) (Pgxx)] >> endobj 5392 0 obj << /Names [(Pgxxi) 150 0 R (Pgxxii) 158 0 R (Pgxxiii) 171 0 R (Pgxxiv) 172 0 R (corr13) 241 0 R (corr14) 249 0 R] /Limits [(Pgxxi) (corr14)] >> endobj 5393 0 obj << /Names [(corr16) 256 0 R (corr176) 1055 0 R (corr205) 1206 0 R (corr211) 1231 0 R (corr212) 1240 0 R (corr216) 1261 0 R] /Limits [(corr16) (corr216)] >> endobj 5394 0 obj << /Names [(corr216a) 1262 0 R (corr224) 1302 0 R (corr228) 1323 0 R (corr229) 1325 0 R (corr284) 1590 0 R (corr289) 1622 0 R] /Limits [(corr216a) (corr289)] >> endobj 5395 0 obj << /Names [(corr30) 328 0 R (corr300) 1675 0 R (corr305) 1700 0 R (corr305-2) 1701 0 R (corr312) 1734 0 R (corr320) 1779 0 R] /Limits [(corr30) (corr320)] >> endobj 5396 0 obj << /Names [(corr325) 1804 0 R (corr33) 344 0 R (corr332) 1836 0 R (corr338) 1871 0 R (corr348) 1919 0 R (corr359) 1973 0 R] /Limits [(corr325) (corr359)] >> endobj 5397 0 obj << /Names [(corr397) 2161 0 R (corr405) 2202 0 R (corr407) 2216 0 R (corr415) 2256 0 R (corr437) 2362 0 R (corr457) 2461 0 R] /Limits [(corr397) (corr457)] >> endobj 5398 0 obj << /Names [(corr459) 2471 0 R (corr464) 2496 0 R (corr475) 2552 0 R (corr480) 2577 0 R (corr513) 2742 0 R (corr517) 2763 0 R] /Limits [(corr459) (corr517)] >> endobj 5399 0 obj << /Names [(corr524) 2792 0 R (corr53) 446 0 R (corr55) 455 0 R (corr55-2) 456 0 R (corr550) 2927 0 R (corr556) 2960 0 R] /Limits [(corr524) (corr556)] >> endobj 5400 0 obj << /Names [(corr557) 2965 0 R (corr567) 3013 0 R (corr578) 3071 0 R (corr584) 3096 0 R (corr587) 3116 0 R (corr614) 3243 0 R] /Limits [(corr557) (corr614)] >> endobj 5401 0 obj << /Names [(corr627) 3337 0 R (corr628) 3474 0 R (corr628-2) 3475 0 R (corr629) 3635 0 R (corr633) 4199 0 R (corr96) 665 0 R] /Limits [(corr627) (corr96)] >> endobj 5402 0 obj << /Names [(corrxx) 149 0 R (index1) 24 0 R (index10) 1427 0 R (index11) 1603 0 R (index12) 1616 0 R (index13) 1843 0 R] /Limits [(corrxx) (index13)] >> endobj 5403 0 obj << /Names [(index14) 2094 0 R (index15) 2378 0 R (index16) 2388 0 R (index17) 2595 0 R (index18) 2817 0 R (index19) 2909 0 R] /Limits [(index14) (index19)] >> endobj 5404 0 obj << /Names [(index2) 45 0 R (index20) 2975 0 R (index21) 3098 0 R (index22) 3308 0 R (index23) 5039 0 R (index24) 5114 0 R] /Limits [(index2) (index24)] >> endobj 5405 0 obj << /Names [(index25) 5124 0 R (index26) 5133 0 R (index3) 165 0 R (index4) 178 0 R (index5) 469 0 R (index6) 680 0 R] /Limits [(index25) (index6)] >> endobj 5406 0 obj << /Names [(index7) 869 0 R (index8) 881 0 R (index9) 1152 0 R (pgfooter) 5108 0 R (pgheader) 6 0 R (pglicense) 9 0 R] /Limits [(index7) (pglicense)] >> endobj 5407 0 obj << /Names [(pglicense1) 5142 0 R (pglicense1A) 5143 0 R (pglicense1B) 5150 0 R (pglicense1C) 5151 0 R (pglicense1D) 5152 0 R (pglicense1E) 5154 0 R] /Limits [(pglicense1) (pglicense1E)] >> endobj 5408 0 obj << /Names [(pglicense1E1) 5161 0 R (pglicense1E2) 5162 0 R (pglicense1E3) 5168 0 R (pglicense1E4) 5169 0 R (pglicense1E5) 5170 0 R (pglicense1E6) 5177 0 R] /Limits [(pglicense1E1) (pglicense1E6)] >> endobj 5409 0 obj << /Names [(pglicense1E7) 5178 0 R (pglicense1E8) 5144 0 R (pglicense1E9) 5186 0 R (pglicense1F) 5187 0 R (pglicense1F1) 5195 0 R (pglicense1F2) 5196 0 R] /Limits [(pglicense1E7) (pglicense1F2)] >> endobj 5410 0 obj << /Names [(pglicense1F3) 5189 0 R (pglicense1F4) 5201 0 R (pglicense1F5) 5202 0 R (pglicense1F6) 5210 0 R (pglicense2) 5211 0 R (pglicense3) 5190 0 R] /Limits [(pglicense1F3) (pglicense3)] >> endobj 5411 0 obj << /Names [(pglicense4) 5188 0 R (pglicense5) 5225 0 R] /Limits [(pglicense4) (pglicense5)] >> endobj 5412 0 obj << /Kids [5282 0 R 5283 0 R 5284 0 R 5285 0 R 5286 0 R 5287 0 R] /Limits [(Note393-5) (Pg128)] >> endobj 5413 0 obj << /Kids [5288 0 R 5289 0 R 5290 0 R 5291 0 R 5292 0 R 5293 0 R] /Limits [(Pg129) (Pg160)] >> endobj 5414 0 obj << /Kids [5294 0 R 5295 0 R 5296 0 R 5297 0 R 5298 0 R 5299 0 R] /Limits [(Pg161) (Pg193)] >> endobj 5415 0 obj << /Kids [5300 0 R 5301 0 R 5302 0 R 5303 0 R 5304 0 R 5305 0 R] /Limits [(Pg194) (Pg225)] >> endobj 5416 0 obj << /Kids [5306 0 R 5307 0 R 5308 0 R 5309 0 R 5310 0 R 5311 0 R] /Limits [(Pg226) (Pg258)] >> endobj 5417 0 obj << /Kids [5312 0 R 5313 0 R 5314 0 R 5315 0 R 5316 0 R 5317 0 R] /Limits [(Pg259) (Pg290)] >> endobj 5418 0 obj << /Kids [5318 0 R 5319 0 R 5320 0 R 5321 0 R 5322 0 R 5323 0 R] /Limits [(Pg291) (Pg322)] >> endobj 5419 0 obj << /Kids [5324 0 R 5325 0 R 5326 0 R 5327 0 R 5328 0 R 5329 0 R] /Limits [(Pg323) (Pg355)] >> endobj 5420 0 obj << /Kids [5330 0 R 5331 0 R 5332 0 R 5333 0 R 5334 0 R 5335 0 R] /Limits [(Pg356) (Pg388)] >> endobj 5421 0 obj << /Kids [5336 0 R 5337 0 R 5338 0 R 5339 0 R 5340 0 R 5341 0 R] /Limits [(Pg389) (Pg42)] >> endobj 5422 0 obj << /Kids [5342 0 R 5343 0 R 5344 0 R 5345 0 R 5346 0 R 5347 0 R] /Limits [(Pg420) (Pg452)] >> endobj 5423 0 obj << /Kids [5348 0 R 5349 0 R 5350 0 R 5351 0 R 5352 0 R 5353 0 R] /Limits [(Pg453) (Pg485)] >> endobj 5424 0 obj << /Kids [5354 0 R 5355 0 R 5356 0 R 5357 0 R 5358 0 R 5359 0 R] /Limits [(Pg486) (Pg517)] >> endobj 5425 0 obj << /Kids [5360 0 R 5361 0 R 5362 0 R 5363 0 R 5364 0 R 5365 0 R] /Limits [(Pg518) (Pg55)] >> endobj 5426 0 obj << /Kids [5366 0 R 5367 0 R 5368 0 R 5369 0 R 5370 0 R 5371 0 R] /Limits [(Pg550) (Pg582)] >> endobj 5427 0 obj << /Kids [5372 0 R 5373 0 R 5374 0 R 5375 0 R 5376 0 R 5377 0 R] /Limits [(Pg583) (Pg614)] >> endobj 5428 0 obj << /Kids [5378 0 R 5379 0 R 5380 0 R 5381 0 R 5382 0 R 5383 0 R] /Limits [(Pg615) (Pg71)] >> endobj 5429 0 obj << /Kids [5384 0 R 5385 0 R 5386 0 R 5387 0 R 5388 0 R 5389 0 R] /Limits [(Pg72) (Pgvii)] >> endobj 5430 0 obj << /Kids [5390 0 R 5391 0 R 5392 0 R 5393 0 R 5394 0 R 5395 0 R] /Limits [(Pgviii) (corr320)] >> endobj 5431 0 obj << /Kids [5396 0 R 5397 0 R 5398 0 R 5399 0 R 5400 0 R 5401 0 R] /Limits [(corr325) (corr96)] >> endobj 5432 0 obj << /Kids [5402 0 R 5403 0 R 5404 0 R 5405 0 R 5406 0 R 5407 0 R] /Limits [(corrxx) (pglicense1E)] >> endobj 5433 0 obj << /Kids [5408 0 R 5409 0 R 5410 0 R 5411 0 R] /Limits [(pglicense1E1) (pglicense5)] >> endobj 5434 0 obj << /Kids [5412 0 R 5413 0 R 5414 0 R 5415 0 R 5416 0 R 5417 0 R] /Limits [(Note393-5) (Pg290)] >> endobj 5435 0 obj << /Kids [5418 0 R 5419 0 R 5420 0 R 5421 0 R 5422 0 R 5423 0 R] /Limits [(Pg291) (Pg485)] >> endobj 5436 0 obj << /Kids [5424 0 R 5425 0 R 5426 0 R 5427 0 R 5428 0 R 5429 0 R] /Limits [(Pg486) (Pgvii)] >> endobj 5437 0 obj << /Kids [5430 0 R 5431 0 R 5432 0 R 5433 0 R] /Limits [(Pgviii) (pglicense5)] >> endobj 5438 0 obj << /Kids [5434 0 R 5435 0 R 5436 0 R 5437 0 R] /Limits [(Note393-5) (pglicense5)] >> endobj 5439 0 obj << /Dests 5438 0 R >> endobj 5440 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 5280 0 R /Outlines 5281 0 R /Names 5439 0 R >> endobj 5441 0 obj << /Producer (pdfTeX-1.40.3) /Author (Samuel Dill) /Title (Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelius) /Creator (TeX) /CreationDate (D:20101023152230-07'00') /ModDate (D:20101023152230-07'00') /Trapped /False /PTEX.Fullbanner (This is pdfTeX using libpoppler, Version 3.141592-1.40.3-2.2 (Web2C 7.5.6) kpathsea version 3.5.6) >> endobj xref 0 5442 0000000000 65535 f 0000001500 00000 n 0000001669 00000 n 0000001940 00000 n 0000001364 00000 n 0000000015 00000 n 0000001883 00000 n 0005388763 00000 n 0005389411 00000 n 0005285088 00000 n 0000003220 00000 n 0000003046 00000 n 0000002008 00000 n 0000003161 00000 n 0005389087 00000 n 0000003789 00000 n 0000003674 00000 n 0000003301 00000 n 0000004494 00000 n 0000004320 00000 n 0000003870 00000 n 0000004435 00000 n 0005388437 00000 n 0000004575 00000 n 0000008587 00000 n 0005413102 00000 n 0000004618 00000 n 0000008705 00000 n 0000008413 00000 n 0000004644 00000 n 0000008528 00000 n 0000008646 00000 n 0000013908 00000 n 0000013734 00000 n 0000008774 00000 n 0000013849 00000 n 0000018947 00000 n 0000018771 00000 n 0000013989 00000 n 0000018887 00000 n 0005389520 00000 n 0000021965 00000 n 0000021849 00000 n 0000019040 00000 n 0000022058 00000 n 0000028145 00000 n 0005413012 00000 n 0000022101 00000 n 0000028204 00000 n 0000027970 00000 n 0000022128 00000 n 0000028086 00000 n 0000035831 00000 n 0000036054 00000 n 0000035696 00000 n 0000028297 00000 n 0000035995 00000 n 0000191341 00000 n 0000043402 00000 n 0000043624 00000 n 0000043267 00000 n 0000036135 00000 n 0000043565 00000 n 0000609897 00000 n 0000051571 00000 n 0000051737 00000 n 0000051436 00000 n 0000043705 00000 n 0000912912 00000 n 0000060616 00000 n 0000060440 00000 n 0000051830 00000 n 0000060556 00000 n 0005389631 00000 n 0000068201 00000 n 0000068367 00000 n 0000068066 00000 n 0000060697 00000 n 0001188439 00000 n 0000075834 00000 n 0000076060 00000 n 0000075699 00000 n 0000068460 00000 n 0000076000 00000 n 0001598083 00000 n 0000084341 00000 n 0000084165 00000 n 0000076153 00000 n 0000084281 00000 n 0000090878 00000 n 0000091044 00000 n 0000090743 00000 n 0000084434 00000 n 0001991722 00000 n 0000099507 00000 n 0000099331 00000 n 0000091137 00000 n 0000099447 00000 n 0000107494 00000 n 0000107722 00000 n 0000107356 00000 n 0000099600 00000 n 0000107660 00000 n 0005389742 00000 n 0002235204 00000 n 0000115403 00000 n 0000115570 00000 n 0000115263 00000 n 0000107803 00000 n 0002566245 00000 n 0000123266 00000 n 0000123085 00000 n 0000115652 00000 n 0000123205 00000 n 0000130702 00000 n 0000130929 00000 n 0000130562 00000 n 0000123360 00000 n 0000130869 00000 n 0002988218 00000 n 0000138174 00000 n 0000138341 00000 n 0000138034 00000 n 0000131023 00000 n 0003466824 00000 n 0000146063 00000 n 0000145881 00000 n 0000138423 00000 n 0000146001 00000 n 0000152475 00000 n 0000152642 00000 n 0000152807 00000 n 0000152327 00000 n 0000146157 00000 n 0005389860 00000 n 0003782814 00000 n 0004128731 00000 n 0000160323 00000 n 0000160550 00000 n 0000160183 00000 n 0000152889 00000 n 0000160490 00000 n 0004257618 00000 n 0000168306 00000 n 0000168595 00000 n 0000168166 00000 n 0000160632 00000 n 0005385254 00000 n 0005359813 00000 n 0000168472 00000 n 0000168534 00000 n 0004345533 00000 n 0000176118 00000 n 0000175998 00000 n 0000168703 00000 n 0000183980 00000 n 0000183798 00000 n 0000176212 00000 n 0000183918 00000 n 0000185874 00000 n 0000186041 00000 n 0000185734 00000 n 0000184074 00000 n 0004525682 00000 n 0000186123 00000 n 0000186638 00000 n 0005412880 00000 n 0000186167 00000 n 0000186760 00000 n 0000186457 00000 n 0000186221 00000 n 0000186577 00000 n 0000186699 00000 n 0005389978 00000 n 0000187053 00000 n 0000186933 00000 n 0000186842 00000 n 0000187094 00000 n 0000191401 00000 n 0005412801 00000 n 0000187138 00000 n 0000191462 00000 n 0000191221 00000 n 0000187193 00000 n 0000196630 00000 n 0000196448 00000 n 0000191544 00000 n 0000196568 00000 n 0000203742 00000 n 0000203560 00000 n 0000196712 00000 n 0000203680 00000 n 0000208728 00000 n 0000208546 00000 n 0000203836 00000 n 0000208666 00000 n 0000213932 00000 n 0000213750 00000 n 0000208810 00000 n 0000213870 00000 n 0005390096 00000 n 0000219343 00000 n 0000219162 00000 n 0000214014 00000 n 0000219282 00000 n 0000225499 00000 n 0000225317 00000 n 0000219425 00000 n 0000225437 00000 n 0000230522 00000 n 0000230402 00000 n 0000225593 00000 n 0000237180 00000 n 0000236998 00000 n 0000230616 00000 n 0000237118 00000 n 0000243909 00000 n 0000243727 00000 n 0000237274 00000 n 0000243847 00000 n 0000249884 00000 n 0000249702 00000 n 0000244003 00000 n 0000249822 00000 n 0005390214 00000 n 0000255802 00000 n 0000255621 00000 n 0000249966 00000 n 0000255741 00000 n 0000262023 00000 n 0000261842 00000 n 0000255896 00000 n 0000261962 00000 n 0000268428 00000 n 0000268308 00000 n 0000262117 00000 n 0005388600 00000 n 0000275720 00000 n 0000275476 00000 n 0000268535 00000 n 0000275596 00000 n 0000275658 00000 n 0000282321 00000 n 0000282139 00000 n 0000275827 00000 n 0000282259 00000 n 0000288182 00000 n 0000287940 00000 n 0000282415 00000 n 0000288060 00000 n 0000288121 00000 n 0005390332 00000 n 0000294465 00000 n 0000294224 00000 n 0000288276 00000 n 0000294344 00000 n 0000294405 00000 n 0000301195 00000 n 0000301013 00000 n 0000294559 00000 n 0000301133 00000 n 0000307201 00000 n 0000307081 00000 n 0000301289 00000 n 0000313523 00000 n 0000313342 00000 n 0000307308 00000 n 0000313462 00000 n 0000320246 00000 n 0000320064 00000 n 0000313630 00000 n 0000320184 00000 n 0000326200 00000 n 0000326018 00000 n 0000320353 00000 n 0000326138 00000 n 0005390450 00000 n 0000332505 00000 n 0000332324 00000 n 0000326294 00000 n 0000332444 00000 n 0000337760 00000 n 0000337640 00000 n 0000332599 00000 n 0000344479 00000 n 0000344297 00000 n 0000337842 00000 n 0000344417 00000 n 0000350590 00000 n 0000350408 00000 n 0000344573 00000 n 0000350528 00000 n 0000356323 00000 n 0000356141 00000 n 0000350672 00000 n 0000356261 00000 n 0000361764 00000 n 0000361583 00000 n 0000356405 00000 n 0000361703 00000 n 0005390568 00000 n 0000367471 00000 n 0000367289 00000 n 0000361846 00000 n 0000367409 00000 n 0000373635 00000 n 0000373515 00000 n 0000367553 00000 n 0000379950 00000 n 0000379769 00000 n 0000373729 00000 n 0000379889 00000 n 0000386661 00000 n 0000386480 00000 n 0000380044 00000 n 0000386600 00000 n 0000392100 00000 n 0000391918 00000 n 0000386755 00000 n 0000392038 00000 n 0000397316 00000 n 0000397196 00000 n 0000392194 00000 n 0005390686 00000 n 0000403675 00000 n 0000403432 00000 n 0000397410 00000 n 0000403552 00000 n 0000403614 00000 n 0000408938 00000 n 0000408757 00000 n 0000403757 00000 n 0000408877 00000 n 0000415603 00000 n 0000415421 00000 n 0000409032 00000 n 0000415541 00000 n 0000422392 00000 n 0000422210 00000 n 0000415697 00000 n 0000422330 00000 n 0000428993 00000 n 0000428811 00000 n 0000422500 00000 n 0000428931 00000 n 0000435137 00000 n 0000434955 00000 n 0000429100 00000 n 0000435075 00000 n 0005390804 00000 n 0000440871 00000 n 0000440689 00000 n 0000435231 00000 n 0000440809 00000 n 0000446686 00000 n 0000446504 00000 n 0000440953 00000 n 0000446624 00000 n 0000453013 00000 n 0000452831 00000 n 0000446768 00000 n 0000452951 00000 n 0000458560 00000 n 0000458378 00000 n 0000453108 00000 n 0000458498 00000 n 0000464479 00000 n 0000464359 00000 n 0000458655 00000 n 0000470158 00000 n 0000469976 00000 n 0000464573 00000 n 0000470096 00000 n 0005390922 00000 n 0000476830 00000 n 0000476648 00000 n 0000470240 00000 n 0000476768 00000 n 0000482382 00000 n 0000482200 00000 n 0000476951 00000 n 0000482320 00000 n 0000488301 00000 n 0000488119 00000 n 0000482476 00000 n 0000488239 00000 n 0000494353 00000 n 0000494233 00000 n 0000488395 00000 n 0000499978 00000 n 0000499797 00000 n 0000494447 00000 n 0000499917 00000 n 0000505605 00000 n 0000505423 00000 n 0000500072 00000 n 0000505543 00000 n 0005391040 00000 n 0000512075 00000 n 0000511893 00000 n 0000505699 00000 n 0000512013 00000 n 0000518693 00000 n 0000518511 00000 n 0000512195 00000 n 0000518631 00000 n 0000523646 00000 n 0000523526 00000 n 0000518787 00000 n 0000529231 00000 n 0000529049 00000 n 0000523740 00000 n 0000529169 00000 n 0000534776 00000 n 0000534595 00000 n 0000529325 00000 n 0000534715 00000 n 0000540580 00000 n 0000540398 00000 n 0000534870 00000 n 0000540518 00000 n 0005391158 00000 n 0000546313 00000 n 0000546131 00000 n 0000540674 00000 n 0000546251 00000 n 0000552199 00000 n 0000552079 00000 n 0000546395 00000 n 0000558471 00000 n 0000558290 00000 n 0000552294 00000 n 0000558410 00000 n 0000565322 00000 n 0000565140 00000 n 0000558553 00000 n 0000565260 00000 n 0000572266 00000 n 0000572022 00000 n 0000565442 00000 n 0000572142 00000 n 0000572204 00000 n 0000579145 00000 n 0000578902 00000 n 0000572373 00000 n 0000579022 00000 n 0000579083 00000 n 0005391276 00000 n 0000584674 00000 n 0000584492 00000 n 0000579239 00000 n 0000584612 00000 n 0000590985 00000 n 0000590743 00000 n 0000584756 00000 n 0000590863 00000 n 0000590924 00000 n 0000596333 00000 n 0000596153 00000 n 0000591079 00000 n 0000596273 00000 n 0000603284 00000 n 0000603102 00000 n 0000596427 00000 n 0000603222 00000 n 0000604920 00000 n 0000604800 00000 n 0000603404 00000 n 0000604990 00000 n 0000609957 00000 n 0005412708 00000 n 0000605034 00000 n 0000610018 00000 n 0000609777 00000 n 0000605083 00000 n 0005391394 00000 n 0000615851 00000 n 0000615670 00000 n 0000610100 00000 n 0000615790 00000 n 0000622117 00000 n 0000621935 00000 n 0000615958 00000 n 0000622055 00000 n 0000627485 00000 n 0000627304 00000 n 0000622211 00000 n 0000627424 00000 n 0000633280 00000 n 0000633098 00000 n 0000627555 00000 n 0000633218 00000 n 0000639094 00000 n 0000638912 00000 n 0000633374 00000 n 0000639032 00000 n 0000645114 00000 n 0000644994 00000 n 0000639188 00000 n 0005391512 00000 n 0000651104 00000 n 0000650922 00000 n 0000645221 00000 n 0000651042 00000 n 0000656797 00000 n 0000656615 00000 n 0000651198 00000 n 0000656735 00000 n 0000662500 00000 n 0000662318 00000 n 0000656891 00000 n 0000662438 00000 n 0000668679 00000 n 0000668497 00000 n 0000662594 00000 n 0000668617 00000 n 0000675285 00000 n 0000675104 00000 n 0000668773 00000 n 0000675224 00000 n 0000680849 00000 n 0000680729 00000 n 0000675379 00000 n 0005391630 00000 n 0000685983 00000 n 0000685801 00000 n 0000680943 00000 n 0000685921 00000 n 0000692038 00000 n 0000691856 00000 n 0000686065 00000 n 0000691976 00000 n 0000698403 00000 n 0000698221 00000 n 0000692132 00000 n 0000698341 00000 n 0000704386 00000 n 0000704204 00000 n 0000698497 00000 n 0000704324 00000 n 0000710082 00000 n 0000709962 00000 n 0000704468 00000 n 0000715976 00000 n 0000715794 00000 n 0000710176 00000 n 0000715914 00000 n 0005391748 00000 n 0000722195 00000 n 0000722013 00000 n 0000716070 00000 n 0000722133 00000 n 0000727982 00000 n 0000727801 00000 n 0000722277 00000 n 0000727921 00000 n 0000734496 00000 n 0000734314 00000 n 0000728076 00000 n 0000734434 00000 n 0000740474 00000 n 0000740354 00000 n 0000734603 00000 n 0000746799 00000 n 0000746618 00000 n 0000740568 00000 n 0000746738 00000 n 0000752538 00000 n 0000752356 00000 n 0000746893 00000 n 0000752476 00000 n 0005391866 00000 n 0000758273 00000 n 0000758091 00000 n 0000752632 00000 n 0000758211 00000 n 0000764426 00000 n 0000764245 00000 n 0000758367 00000 n 0000764365 00000 n 0000770882 00000 n 0000770762 00000 n 0000764508 00000 n 0000776793 00000 n 0000776611 00000 n 0000770964 00000 n 0000776731 00000 n 0000783010 00000 n 0000782829 00000 n 0000776887 00000 n 0000782949 00000 n 0000789196 00000 n 0000789015 00000 n 0000783104 00000 n 0000789135 00000 n 0005391984 00000 n 0000795397 00000 n 0000795277 00000 n 0000789303 00000 n 0000801098 00000 n 0000800916 00000 n 0000795491 00000 n 0000801036 00000 n 0000807180 00000 n 0000806999 00000 n 0000801180 00000 n 0000807119 00000 n 0000813264 00000 n 0000813083 00000 n 0000807274 00000 n 0000813203 00000 n 0000819024 00000 n 0000818904 00000 n 0000813358 00000 n 0000824619 00000 n 0000824439 00000 n 0000819118 00000 n 0000824559 00000 n 0005392102 00000 n 0000830291 00000 n 0000830110 00000 n 0000824713 00000 n 0000830230 00000 n 0000836345 00000 n 0000836164 00000 n 0000830385 00000 n 0000836284 00000 n 0000842218 00000 n 0000842038 00000 n 0000836427 00000 n 0000842158 00000 n 0000847751 00000 n 0000847569 00000 n 0000842325 00000 n 0000847689 00000 n 0000853659 00000 n 0000853539 00000 n 0000847845 00000 n 0000860050 00000 n 0000859868 00000 n 0000853753 00000 n 0000859988 00000 n 0005392220 00000 n 0000866130 00000 n 0000865948 00000 n 0000860132 00000 n 0000866068 00000 n 0000871540 00000 n 0000871358 00000 n 0000866224 00000 n 0000871478 00000 n 0000877154 00000 n 0000876972 00000 n 0000871634 00000 n 0000877092 00000 n 0000882418 00000 n 0000882298 00000 n 0000877248 00000 n 0000888292 00000 n 0000888110 00000 n 0000882512 00000 n 0000888230 00000 n 0000894356 00000 n 0000894112 00000 n 0000888399 00000 n 0000894232 00000 n 0000894294 00000 n 0005392338 00000 n 0000901699 00000 n 0000901517 00000 n 0000894450 00000 n 0000901637 00000 n 0000907048 00000 n 0000906867 00000 n 0000901793 00000 n 0000906987 00000 n 0000908135 00000 n 0000908015 00000 n 0000907142 00000 n 0000908205 00000 n 0000912972 00000 n 0005412629 00000 n 0000908249 00000 n 0000913033 00000 n 0000912792 00000 n 0000908301 00000 n 0000918618 00000 n 0000918437 00000 n 0000913127 00000 n 0000918557 00000 n 0000931186 00000 n 0000925424 00000 n 0000925242 00000 n 0000918712 00000 n 0000925362 00000 n 0005392456 00000 n 0000931412 00000 n 0000931046 00000 n 0000925531 00000 n 0000931350 00000 n 0000936736 00000 n 0000936555 00000 n 0000931506 00000 n 0000936675 00000 n 0000942117 00000 n 0000941935 00000 n 0000936830 00000 n 0000942055 00000 n 0000947783 00000 n 0000947663 00000 n 0000942199 00000 n 0000953390 00000 n 0000953209 00000 n 0000947865 00000 n 0000953329 00000 n 0000959586 00000 n 0000959405 00000 n 0000953472 00000 n 0000959525 00000 n 0005392574 00000 n 0000965258 00000 n 0000965076 00000 n 0000959680 00000 n 0000965196 00000 n 0000971227 00000 n 0000971045 00000 n 0000965352 00000 n 0000971165 00000 n 0000977374 00000 n 0000977192 00000 n 0000971321 00000 n 0000977312 00000 n 0000983447 00000 n 0000983327 00000 n 0000977468 00000 n 0000989078 00000 n 0000988897 00000 n 0000983541 00000 n 0000989017 00000 n 0000995343 00000 n 0000995162 00000 n 0000989160 00000 n 0000995282 00000 n 0005392692 00000 n 0001000731 00000 n 0001000549 00000 n 0000995437 00000 n 0001000669 00000 n 0001006944 00000 n 0001006762 00000 n 0001000813 00000 n 0001006882 00000 n 0001012346 00000 n 0001012226 00000 n 0001007026 00000 n 0001018486 00000 n 0001018305 00000 n 0001012440 00000 n 0001018425 00000 n 0001024418 00000 n 0001024237 00000 n 0001018580 00000 n 0001024357 00000 n 0001030482 00000 n 0001030300 00000 n 0001024512 00000 n 0001030420 00000 n 0005392810 00000 n 0001036218 00000 n 0001036036 00000 n 0001030576 00000 n 0001036156 00000 n 0001042433 00000 n 0001042313 00000 n 0001036300 00000 n 0001048732 00000 n 0001048550 00000 n 0001042527 00000 n 0001048670 00000 n 0001054711 00000 n 0001054530 00000 n 0001048826 00000 n 0001054650 00000 n 0001061252 00000 n 0001061070 00000 n 0001054793 00000 n 0001061190 00000 n 0001066940 00000 n 0001066758 00000 n 0001061334 00000 n 0001066878 00000 n 0005392928 00000 n 0001072708 00000 n 0001072527 00000 n 0001067047 00000 n 0001072647 00000 n 0001079245 00000 n 0001079125 00000 n 0001072815 00000 n 0001085170 00000 n 0001084988 00000 n 0001079352 00000 n 0001085108 00000 n 0001091438 00000 n 0001091256 00000 n 0001085277 00000 n 0001091376 00000 n 0001097357 00000 n 0001097175 00000 n 0001091545 00000 n 0001097295 00000 n 0001103511 00000 n 0001103329 00000 n 0001097451 00000 n 0001103449 00000 n 0005393046 00000 n 0001109113 00000 n 0001108931 00000 n 0001103605 00000 n 0001109051 00000 n 0001115659 00000 n 0001115477 00000 n 0001109207 00000 n 0001115597 00000 n 0001121275 00000 n 0001121155 00000 n 0001115753 00000 n 0001126919 00000 n 0001126737 00000 n 0001121369 00000 n 0001126857 00000 n 0001133610 00000 n 0001133429 00000 n 0001127013 00000 n 0001133549 00000 n 0001139870 00000 n 0001139689 00000 n 0001133704 00000 n 0001139809 00000 n 0005393164 00000 n 0001145881 00000 n 0001145699 00000 n 0001139964 00000 n 0001145819 00000 n 0001152238 00000 n 0001152118 00000 n 0001145975 00000 n 0001159027 00000 n 0001158845 00000 n 0001152332 00000 n 0001158965 00000 n 0001165186 00000 n 0001165005 00000 n 0001159121 00000 n 0001165125 00000 n 0001170640 00000 n 0001170458 00000 n 0001165280 00000 n 0001170578 00000 n 0001177408 00000 n 0001177226 00000 n 0001170734 00000 n 0001177346 00000 n 0005393282 00000 n 0001182275 00000 n 0001182094 00000 n 0001177502 00000 n 0001182214 00000 n 0001182369 00000 n 0001182962 00000 n 0005412494 00000 n 0001182413 00000 n 0001183084 00000 n 0001182781 00000 n 0001182465 00000 n 0001182901 00000 n 0001183023 00000 n 0001183377 00000 n 0001183257 00000 n 0001183166 00000 n 0001183418 00000 n 0001188499 00000 n 0005412414 00000 n 0001183462 00000 n 0001188560 00000 n 0001188319 00000 n 0001183516 00000 n 0001194010 00000 n 0001193829 00000 n 0001188654 00000 n 0001193949 00000 n 0001200068 00000 n 0001199887 00000 n 0001194104 00000 n 0001200007 00000 n 0005393400 00000 n 0001205664 00000 n 0001205482 00000 n 0001200150 00000 n 0001205602 00000 n 0001211373 00000 n 0001211192 00000 n 0001205758 00000 n 0001211312 00000 n 0001218502 00000 n 0001218320 00000 n 0001211480 00000 n 0001218440 00000 n 0001224961 00000 n 0001224841 00000 n 0001218596 00000 n 0001230827 00000 n 0001230646 00000 n 0001225068 00000 n 0001230766 00000 n 0001236641 00000 n 0001236460 00000 n 0001230921 00000 n 0001236580 00000 n 0005393518 00000 n 0001242930 00000 n 0001242748 00000 n 0001236735 00000 n 0001242868 00000 n 0001249420 00000 n 0001249238 00000 n 0001243024 00000 n 0001249358 00000 n 0001255598 00000 n 0001255417 00000 n 0001249514 00000 n 0001255537 00000 n 0001261464 00000 n 0001261344 00000 n 0001255692 00000 n 0001268345 00000 n 0001268163 00000 n 0001261558 00000 n 0001268283 00000 n 0001274222 00000 n 0001274040 00000 n 0001268439 00000 n 0001274160 00000 n 0005393636 00000 n 0001280349 00000 n 0001280168 00000 n 0001274316 00000 n 0001280288 00000 n 0001286153 00000 n 0001285972 00000 n 0001280456 00000 n 0001286092 00000 n 0001292534 00000 n 0001292352 00000 n 0001286247 00000 n 0001292472 00000 n 0001298865 00000 n 0001298745 00000 n 0001292641 00000 n 0001304349 00000 n 0001304168 00000 n 0001298959 00000 n 0001304288 00000 n 0001310739 00000 n 0001310558 00000 n 0001304431 00000 n 0001310678 00000 n 0005393754 00000 n 0001316693 00000 n 0001316513 00000 n 0001310833 00000 n 0001316633 00000 n 0001322308 00000 n 0001322126 00000 n 0001316787 00000 n 0001322246 00000 n 0001328733 00000 n 0001328613 00000 n 0001322402 00000 n 0001333835 00000 n 0001333653 00000 n 0001328827 00000 n 0001333773 00000 n 0001340245 00000 n 0001340065 00000 n 0001333917 00000 n 0001340185 00000 n 0001345589 00000 n 0001345407 00000 n 0001340339 00000 n 0001345527 00000 n 0005393872 00000 n 0001351526 00000 n 0001351344 00000 n 0001345683 00000 n 0001351464 00000 n 0001358284 00000 n 0001358103 00000 n 0001351620 00000 n 0001358223 00000 n 0001364366 00000 n 0001364243 00000 n 0001358378 00000 n 0001370809 00000 n 0001370623 00000 n 0001364461 00000 n 0001370746 00000 n 0001377520 00000 n 0001377334 00000 n 0001370904 00000 n 0001377457 00000 n 0001384072 00000 n 0001383884 00000 n 0001377615 00000 n 0001384008 00000 n 0005393993 00000 n 0001390618 00000 n 0001390431 00000 n 0001384167 00000 n 0001390555 00000 n 0001396590 00000 n 0001396402 00000 n 0001390701 00000 n 0001396526 00000 n 0001403220 00000 n 0001403096 00000 n 0001396685 00000 n 0001409258 00000 n 0001409071 00000 n 0001403328 00000 n 0001409195 00000 n 0001415309 00000 n 0001415122 00000 n 0001409366 00000 n 0001415246 00000 n 0001421235 00000 n 0001421048 00000 n 0001415404 00000 n 0001421172 00000 n 0005394118 00000 n 0001428447 00000 n 0001428259 00000 n 0001421318 00000 n 0001428383 00000 n 0001434135 00000 n 0001434011 00000 n 0001428568 00000 n 0001440144 00000 n 0001439956 00000 n 0001434230 00000 n 0001440080 00000 n 0001446825 00000 n 0001446576 00000 n 0001440227 00000 n 0001446700 00000 n 0001446763 00000 n 0001453214 00000 n 0001453026 00000 n 0001446920 00000 n 0001453150 00000 n 0001459235 00000 n 0001459047 00000 n 0001453297 00000 n 0001459171 00000 n 0005394243 00000 n 0001464820 00000 n 0001464696 00000 n 0001459318 00000 n 0001470690 00000 n 0001470503 00000 n 0001464915 00000 n 0001470627 00000 n 0001476025 00000 n 0001475837 00000 n 0001470785 00000 n 0001475961 00000 n 0001482326 00000 n 0001482138 00000 n 0001476120 00000 n 0001482262 00000 n 0001489329 00000 n 0001489141 00000 n 0001482409 00000 n 0001489265 00000 n 0001494918 00000 n 0001494794 00000 n 0001489437 00000 n 0005394368 00000 n 0001501766 00000 n 0001501579 00000 n 0001495013 00000 n 0001501703 00000 n 0001508070 00000 n 0001507883 00000 n 0001501874 00000 n 0001508007 00000 n 0001514264 00000 n 0001514077 00000 n 0001508165 00000 n 0001514201 00000 n 0001520247 00000 n 0001520059 00000 n 0001514372 00000 n 0001520183 00000 n 0001526638 00000 n 0001526514 00000 n 0001520342 00000 n 0001532122 00000 n 0001531934 00000 n 0001526733 00000 n 0001532058 00000 n 0005394493 00000 n 0001537923 00000 n 0001537736 00000 n 0001532217 00000 n 0001537860 00000 n 0001545096 00000 n 0001544908 00000 n 0001538018 00000 n 0001545032 00000 n 0001550725 00000 n 0001550538 00000 n 0001545217 00000 n 0001550662 00000 n 0001557341 00000 n 0001557154 00000 n 0001550820 00000 n 0001557278 00000 n 0001563531 00000 n 0001563407 00000 n 0001557436 00000 n 0001569273 00000 n 0001569086 00000 n 0001563626 00000 n 0001569210 00000 n 0005394618 00000 n 0001575395 00000 n 0001575207 00000 n 0001569356 00000 n 0001575331 00000 n 0001582153 00000 n 0001581965 00000 n 0001575490 00000 n 0001582089 00000 n 0001587896 00000 n 0001587709 00000 n 0001582262 00000 n 0001587833 00000 n 0001593358 00000 n 0001593234 00000 n 0001587991 00000 n 0001593453 00000 n 0001598144 00000 n 0005412317 00000 n 0001593498 00000 n 0001598207 00000 n 0001597959 00000 n 0001593537 00000 n 0001603979 00000 n 0001603792 00000 n 0001598302 00000 n 0001603916 00000 n 0005394743 00000 n 0001609856 00000 n 0001609669 00000 n 0001604074 00000 n 0001609793 00000 n 0001616412 00000 n 0001616224 00000 n 0001609951 00000 n 0001616348 00000 n 0001623586 00000 n 0001623398 00000 n 0001616507 00000 n 0001623522 00000 n 0001630544 00000 n 0001630420 00000 n 0001623707 00000 n 0001636915 00000 n 0001636727 00000 n 0001630665 00000 n 0001636851 00000 n 0001643592 00000 n 0001643404 00000 n 0001636998 00000 n 0001643528 00000 n 0005394868 00000 n 0001649966 00000 n 0001649779 00000 n 0001643726 00000 n 0001649903 00000 n 0001655586 00000 n 0001655399 00000 n 0001650062 00000 n 0001655523 00000 n 0001662646 00000 n 0001662522 00000 n 0001655669 00000 n 0001669122 00000 n 0001668934 00000 n 0001662754 00000 n 0001669058 00000 n 0001675505 00000 n 0001675253 00000 n 0001669205 00000 n 0001675377 00000 n 0001675441 00000 n 0001681783 00000 n 0001681595 00000 n 0001675600 00000 n 0001681719 00000 n 0005394993 00000 n 0001687929 00000 n 0001687741 00000 n 0001681866 00000 n 0001687865 00000 n 0001694136 00000 n 0001693949 00000 n 0001688025 00000 n 0001694073 00000 n 0001699054 00000 n 0001698930 00000 n 0001694231 00000 n 0001705409 00000 n 0001705221 00000 n 0001699149 00000 n 0001705345 00000 n 0001711397 00000 n 0001711146 00000 n 0001705505 00000 n 0001711270 00000 n 0001711334 00000 n 0001717958 00000 n 0001717773 00000 n 0001711492 00000 n 0001717897 00000 n 0005395118 00000 n 0001723929 00000 n 0001723678 00000 n 0001718053 00000 n 0001723802 00000 n 0001723865 00000 n 0001729676 00000 n 0001729552 00000 n 0001724024 00000 n 0001736319 00000 n 0001736132 00000 n 0001729759 00000 n 0001736256 00000 n 0001742382 00000 n 0001742196 00000 n 0001736414 00000 n 0001742320 00000 n 0001747982 00000 n 0001747794 00000 n 0001742465 00000 n 0001747918 00000 n 0001753894 00000 n 0001753579 00000 n 0001748065 00000 n 0001753703 00000 n 0001753766 00000 n 0001753830 00000 n 0005395243 00000 n 0001759694 00000 n 0001759506 00000 n 0001753977 00000 n 0001759630 00000 n 0001765237 00000 n 0001765113 00000 n 0001759777 00000 n 0001771179 00000 n 0001770992 00000 n 0001765320 00000 n 0001771116 00000 n 0001777647 00000 n 0001777459 00000 n 0001771274 00000 n 0001777583 00000 n 0001783469 00000 n 0001783283 00000 n 0001777768 00000 n 0001783407 00000 n 0001789444 00000 n 0001789257 00000 n 0001783552 00000 n 0001789381 00000 n 0005395368 00000 n 0001795643 00000 n 0001795519 00000 n 0001789527 00000 n 0001800939 00000 n 0001800751 00000 n 0001795726 00000 n 0001800875 00000 n 0001806520 00000 n 0001806332 00000 n 0001801022 00000 n 0001806456 00000 n 0001812478 00000 n 0001812227 00000 n 0001806615 00000 n 0001812351 00000 n 0001812414 00000 n 0001818185 00000 n 0001817997 00000 n 0001812573 00000 n 0001818121 00000 n 0001823779 00000 n 0001823592 00000 n 0001818268 00000 n 0001823716 00000 n 0005395493 00000 n 0001829935 00000 n 0001829811 00000 n 0001823874 00000 n 0001836667 00000 n 0001836479 00000 n 0001830043 00000 n 0001836603 00000 n 0001843220 00000 n 0001842905 00000 n 0001836762 00000 n 0001843029 00000 n 0001843092 00000 n 0001843156 00000 n 0001848512 00000 n 0001848325 00000 n 0001843341 00000 n 0001848449 00000 n 0001854412 00000 n 0001854225 00000 n 0001848607 00000 n 0001854349 00000 n 0001859480 00000 n 0001859292 00000 n 0001854495 00000 n 0001859416 00000 n 0005395618 00000 n 0001864593 00000 n 0001864469 00000 n 0001859563 00000 n 0001870062 00000 n 0001869874 00000 n 0001864688 00000 n 0001869998 00000 n 0001876480 00000 n 0001876292 00000 n 0001870157 00000 n 0001876416 00000 n 0001882014 00000 n 0001881828 00000 n 0001876589 00000 n 0001881952 00000 n 0001887556 00000 n 0001887369 00000 n 0001882097 00000 n 0001887493 00000 n 0001893637 00000 n 0001893513 00000 n 0001887664 00000 n 0005395743 00000 n 0001899147 00000 n 0001898959 00000 n 0001893732 00000 n 0001899083 00000 n 0001904729 00000 n 0001904541 00000 n 0001899242 00000 n 0001904665 00000 n 0001910227 00000 n 0001910039 00000 n 0001904824 00000 n 0001910163 00000 n 0001916124 00000 n 0001915937 00000 n 0001910310 00000 n 0001916061 00000 n 0001921951 00000 n 0001921764 00000 n 0001916219 00000 n 0001921888 00000 n 0001928529 00000 n 0001928405 00000 n 0001922034 00000 n 0005395868 00000 n 0001934605 00000 n 0001934417 00000 n 0001928624 00000 n 0001934541 00000 n 0001941042 00000 n 0001940854 00000 n 0001934700 00000 n 0001940978 00000 n 0001946807 00000 n 0001946619 00000 n 0001941125 00000 n 0001946743 00000 n 0001953144 00000 n 0001952956 00000 n 0001946890 00000 n 0001953080 00000 n 0001958889 00000 n 0001958765 00000 n 0001953239 00000 n 0001965232 00000 n 0001965044 00000 n 0001958998 00000 n 0001965168 00000 n 0005395993 00000 n 0001971092 00000 n 0001970904 00000 n 0001965353 00000 n 0001971028 00000 n 0001976918 00000 n 0001976730 00000 n 0001971187 00000 n 0001976854 00000 n 0001982192 00000 n 0001982005 00000 n 0001977013 00000 n 0001982129 00000 n 0001986793 00000 n 0001986605 00000 n 0001982275 00000 n 0001986729 00000 n 0001986864 00000 n 0001991783 00000 n 0005412234 00000 n 0001986910 00000 n 0001991846 00000 n 0001991598 00000 n 0001986966 00000 n 0001997537 00000 n 0001997350 00000 n 0001991929 00000 n 0001997474 00000 n 0005396118 00000 n 0002003039 00000 n 0002002851 00000 n 0001997620 00000 n 0002002975 00000 n 0002009155 00000 n 0002008967 00000 n 0002003122 00000 n 0002009091 00000 n 0002015111 00000 n 0002014923 00000 n 0002009264 00000 n 0002015047 00000 n 0002020628 00000 n 0002020441 00000 n 0002015206 00000 n 0002020565 00000 n 0002025611 00000 n 0002025487 00000 n 0002020723 00000 n 0002031185 00000 n 0002030998 00000 n 0002025694 00000 n 0002031122 00000 n 0005396243 00000 n 0002037153 00000 n 0002036965 00000 n 0002031280 00000 n 0002037089 00000 n 0002043027 00000 n 0002042840 00000 n 0002037236 00000 n 0002042964 00000 n 0002048547 00000 n 0002048359 00000 n 0002043122 00000 n 0002048483 00000 n 0002054562 00000 n 0002054374 00000 n 0002048630 00000 n 0002054498 00000 n 0002060056 00000 n 0002059932 00000 n 0002054657 00000 n 0002065680 00000 n 0002065493 00000 n 0002060139 00000 n 0002065617 00000 n 0005396368 00000 n 0002071041 00000 n 0002070854 00000 n 0002065775 00000 n 0002070978 00000 n 0002076614 00000 n 0002076426 00000 n 0002071124 00000 n 0002076550 00000 n 0002082613 00000 n 0002082426 00000 n 0002076697 00000 n 0002082550 00000 n 0002088761 00000 n 0002088573 00000 n 0002082696 00000 n 0002088697 00000 n 0002094515 00000 n 0002094391 00000 n 0002088856 00000 n 0002100765 00000 n 0002100579 00000 n 0002094598 00000 n 0002100703 00000 n 0005396493 00000 n 0002106446 00000 n 0002106259 00000 n 0002100860 00000 n 0002106383 00000 n 0002111593 00000 n 0002111407 00000 n 0002106541 00000 n 0002111531 00000 n 0002118022 00000 n 0002117834 00000 n 0002111688 00000 n 0002117958 00000 n 0002123660 00000 n 0002123472 00000 n 0002118117 00000 n 0002123596 00000 n 0002130078 00000 n 0002129954 00000 n 0002123755 00000 n 0002135982 00000 n 0002135795 00000 n 0002130187 00000 n 0002135919 00000 n 0005396618 00000 n 0002141333 00000 n 0002141145 00000 n 0002136077 00000 n 0002141269 00000 n 0002147318 00000 n 0002147131 00000 n 0002141429 00000 n 0002147255 00000 n 0002152636 00000 n 0002152449 00000 n 0002147413 00000 n 0002152573 00000 n 0002158005 00000 n 0002157817 00000 n 0002152719 00000 n 0002157941 00000 n 0002164738 00000 n 0002164614 00000 n 0002158088 00000 n 0002170591 00000 n 0002170404 00000 n 0002164846 00000 n 0002170528 00000 n 0005396743 00000 n 0002176770 00000 n 0002176582 00000 n 0002170686 00000 n 0002176706 00000 n 0002182163 00000 n 0002181975 00000 n 0002176865 00000 n 0002182099 00000 n 0002187866 00000 n 0002187679 00000 n 0002182258 00000 n 0002187803 00000 n 0002194072 00000 n 0002193884 00000 n 0002187961 00000 n 0002194008 00000 n 0002201088 00000 n 0002200900 00000 n 0002194167 00000 n 0002201024 00000 n 0002206269 00000 n 0002206145 00000 n 0002201196 00000 n 0005396868 00000 n 0002212369 00000 n 0002212181 00000 n 0002206364 00000 n 0002212305 00000 n 0002218524 00000 n 0002218273 00000 n 0002212477 00000 n 0002218397 00000 n 0002218461 00000 n 0002224257 00000 n 0002224069 00000 n 0002218632 00000 n 0002224193 00000 n 0002228888 00000 n 0002228701 00000 n 0002224352 00000 n 0002228825 00000 n 0002229199 00000 n 0002229075 00000 n 0002228983 00000 n 0002229241 00000 n 0002229970 00000 n 0005412095 00000 n 0002229287 00000 n 0002230096 00000 n 0002229783 00000 n 0002229378 00000 n 0002229907 00000 n 0002230033 00000 n 0005396993 00000 n 0002230395 00000 n 0002230271 00000 n 0002230179 00000 n 0002230437 00000 n 0002235141 00000 n 0005412011 00000 n 0002230483 00000 n 0002235329 00000 n 0002235017 00000 n 0002230531 00000 n 0002235266 00000 n 0002241595 00000 n 0002241408 00000 n 0002235424 00000 n 0002241532 00000 n 0002247127 00000 n 0002246940 00000 n 0002241716 00000 n 0002247064 00000 n 0002253164 00000 n 0002252977 00000 n 0002247210 00000 n 0002253101 00000 n 0002259507 00000 n 0002259320 00000 n 0002253259 00000 n 0002259444 00000 n 0005397118 00000 n 0002265674 00000 n 0002265487 00000 n 0002259616 00000 n 0002265611 00000 n 0002272621 00000 n 0002272497 00000 n 0002265769 00000 n 0002278464 00000 n 0002278276 00000 n 0002272742 00000 n 0002278400 00000 n 0002284781 00000 n 0002284593 00000 n 0002278547 00000 n 0002284717 00000 n 0002290716 00000 n 0002290528 00000 n 0002284876 00000 n 0002290652 00000 n 0002296458 00000 n 0002296270 00000 n 0002290811 00000 n 0002296394 00000 n 0005397243 00000 n 0002302150 00000 n 0002301962 00000 n 0002296541 00000 n 0002302086 00000 n 0002308513 00000 n 0002308389 00000 n 0002302245 00000 n 0002314268 00000 n 0002314021 00000 n 0002308596 00000 n 0002314145 00000 n 0002314208 00000 n 0002319899 00000 n 0002319712 00000 n 0002314363 00000 n 0002319836 00000 n 0002326387 00000 n 0002326200 00000 n 0002319982 00000 n 0002326324 00000 n 0002332898 00000 n 0002332710 00000 n 0002326482 00000 n 0002332834 00000 n 0005397368 00000 n 0002338858 00000 n 0002338734 00000 n 0002332993 00000 n 0002344731 00000 n 0002344543 00000 n 0002338953 00000 n 0002344667 00000 n 0002351971 00000 n 0002351656 00000 n 0002344814 00000 n 0002351780 00000 n 0002351844 00000 n 0002351908 00000 n 0002357656 00000 n 0002357469 00000 n 0002352079 00000 n 0002357593 00000 n 0002363287 00000 n 0002363100 00000 n 0002357751 00000 n 0002363224 00000 n 0002369425 00000 n 0002369238 00000 n 0002363370 00000 n 0002369362 00000 n 0005397493 00000 n 0002375887 00000 n 0002375763 00000 n 0002369533 00000 n 0002382305 00000 n 0002382117 00000 n 0002375982 00000 n 0002382241 00000 n 0002389589 00000 n 0002389401 00000 n 0002382400 00000 n 0002389525 00000 n 0002395416 00000 n 0002395229 00000 n 0002389710 00000 n 0002395353 00000 n 0002401305 00000 n 0002401054 00000 n 0002395511 00000 n 0002401178 00000 n 0002401242 00000 n 0002406780 00000 n 0002406592 00000 n 0002401400 00000 n 0002406716 00000 n 0005397618 00000 n 0002414581 00000 n 0002414457 00000 n 0002406875 00000 n 0002420834 00000 n 0002420647 00000 n 0002414702 00000 n 0002420771 00000 n 0002427122 00000 n 0002426934 00000 n 0002420942 00000 n 0002427058 00000 n 0002432970 00000 n 0002432782 00000 n 0002427231 00000 n 0002432906 00000 n 0002438996 00000 n 0002438808 00000 n 0002433053 00000 n 0002438932 00000 n 0002445012 00000 n 0002444824 00000 n 0002439091 00000 n 0002444948 00000 n 0005397743 00000 n 0002451255 00000 n 0002451131 00000 n 0002445107 00000 n 0002457373 00000 n 0002457186 00000 n 0002451350 00000 n 0002457310 00000 n 0002464764 00000 n 0002464577 00000 n 0002457456 00000 n 0002464701 00000 n 0002470760 00000 n 0002470509 00000 n 0002464885 00000 n 0002470633 00000 n 0002470697 00000 n 0002476876 00000 n 0002476688 00000 n 0002470843 00000 n 0002476812 00000 n 0002483427 00000 n 0002483240 00000 n 0002476971 00000 n 0002483364 00000 n 0005397868 00000 n 0002488943 00000 n 0002488819 00000 n 0002483510 00000 n 0002494637 00000 n 0002494449 00000 n 0002489026 00000 n 0002494573 00000 n 0002501087 00000 n 0002500899 00000 n 0002494745 00000 n 0002501023 00000 n 0002508742 00000 n 0002508490 00000 n 0002501182 00000 n 0002508614 00000 n 0002508678 00000 n 0002516370 00000 n 0002516182 00000 n 0002508863 00000 n 0002516306 00000 n 0002522845 00000 n 0002522721 00000 n 0002516491 00000 n 0005397993 00000 n 0002529720 00000 n 0002529533 00000 n 0002522928 00000 n 0002529657 00000 n 0002535880 00000 n 0002535693 00000 n 0002529828 00000 n 0002535817 00000 n 0002542127 00000 n 0002541939 00000 n 0002535975 00000 n 0002542063 00000 n 0002548219 00000 n 0002548032 00000 n 0002542222 00000 n 0002548156 00000 n 0002554693 00000 n 0002554506 00000 n 0002548314 00000 n 0002554630 00000 n 0002560291 00000 n 0002560039 00000 n 0002554788 00000 n 0002560163 00000 n 0002560227 00000 n 0005398118 00000 n 0002561257 00000 n 0002561133 00000 n 0002560386 00000 n 0002561328 00000 n 0002566307 00000 n 0005411912 00000 n 0002561374 00000 n 0002566370 00000 n 0002566121 00000 n 0002561425 00000 n 0002580434 00000 n 0002574407 00000 n 0002574219 00000 n 0002566453 00000 n 0002574343 00000 n 0002580660 00000 n 0002580289 00000 n 0002574516 00000 n 0002580597 00000 n 0002586302 00000 n 0002586115 00000 n 0002580769 00000 n 0002586239 00000 n 0002595128 00000 n 0002594940 00000 n 0002586397 00000 n 0002595064 00000 n 0005398243 00000 n 0002603368 00000 n 0002603118 00000 n 0002595249 00000 n 0002603242 00000 n 0002603305 00000 n 0002609902 00000 n 0002609778 00000 n 0002603489 00000 n 0002618164 00000 n 0002617976 00000 n 0002610023 00000 n 0002618100 00000 n 0002624257 00000 n 0002624070 00000 n 0002618285 00000 n 0002624194 00000 n 0002630572 00000 n 0002630385 00000 n 0002624365 00000 n 0002630509 00000 n 0002637290 00000 n 0002637102 00000 n 0002630681 00000 n 0002637226 00000 n 0005398368 00000 n 0002642567 00000 n 0002642443 00000 n 0002637411 00000 n 0002648485 00000 n 0002648297 00000 n 0002642650 00000 n 0002648421 00000 n 0002656167 00000 n 0002655979 00000 n 0002648593 00000 n 0002656103 00000 n 0002662620 00000 n 0002662432 00000 n 0002656288 00000 n 0002662556 00000 n 0002669581 00000 n 0002669393 00000 n 0002662741 00000 n 0002669517 00000 n 0002677163 00000 n 0002676976 00000 n 0002669690 00000 n 0002677100 00000 n 0005398493 00000 n 0002683478 00000 n 0002683291 00000 n 0002677284 00000 n 0002683415 00000 n 0002690387 00000 n 0002690199 00000 n 0002683587 00000 n 0002690323 00000 n 0002696364 00000 n 0002696177 00000 n 0002690496 00000 n 0002696301 00000 n 0002704422 00000 n 0002704235 00000 n 0002696459 00000 n 0002704359 00000 n 0002712180 00000 n 0002711992 00000 n 0002704543 00000 n 0002712116 00000 n 0002718511 00000 n 0002718323 00000 n 0002712289 00000 n 0002718447 00000 n 0005398618 00000 n 0002725215 00000 n 0002725091 00000 n 0002718594 00000 n 0002730509 00000 n 0002730321 00000 n 0002725336 00000 n 0002730445 00000 n 0002738695 00000 n 0002738509 00000 n 0002730604 00000 n 0002738633 00000 n 0002745936 00000 n 0002745748 00000 n 0002738804 00000 n 0002745872 00000 n 0002753937 00000 n 0002753749 00000 n 0002746057 00000 n 0002753873 00000 n 0005388924 00000 n 0002760725 00000 n 0002760537 00000 n 0002754085 00000 n 0002760661 00000 n 0005398743 00000 n 0002766450 00000 n 0002766326 00000 n 0002760846 00000 n 0002771627 00000 n 0002771377 00000 n 0002766545 00000 n 0002771501 00000 n 0002771565 00000 n 0002783278 00000 n 0002783091 00000 n 0002771722 00000 n 0002783215 00000 n 0002790869 00000 n 0002790682 00000 n 0002783399 00000 n 0002790806 00000 n 0002797148 00000 n 0002796960 00000 n 0002790990 00000 n 0002797084 00000 n 0002803330 00000 n 0002803206 00000 n 0002797243 00000 n 0005398868 00000 n 0002809886 00000 n 0002809698 00000 n 0002803425 00000 n 0002809822 00000 n 0002816352 00000 n 0002816164 00000 n 0002810007 00000 n 0002816288 00000 n 0002823975 00000 n 0002823787 00000 n 0002816473 00000 n 0002823911 00000 n 0002830027 00000 n 0002829903 00000 n 0002824096 00000 n 0002837208 00000 n 0002837021 00000 n 0002830148 00000 n 0002837145 00000 n 0002842414 00000 n 0002842227 00000 n 0002837329 00000 n 0002842351 00000 n 0005398993 00000 n 0002849727 00000 n 0002849539 00000 n 0002842522 00000 n 0002849663 00000 n 0002859250 00000 n 0002859063 00000 n 0002849861 00000 n 0002859187 00000 n 0002867928 00000 n 0002867804 00000 n 0002859371 00000 n 0002875927 00000 n 0002875740 00000 n 0002868037 00000 n 0002875864 00000 n 0002883261 00000 n 0002883073 00000 n 0002876036 00000 n 0002883197 00000 n 0002889704 00000 n 0002889516 00000 n 0002883382 00000 n 0002889640 00000 n 0005399118 00000 n 0002897899 00000 n 0002897712 00000 n 0002889825 00000 n 0002897836 00000 n 0002906193 00000 n 0002906069 00000 n 0002898020 00000 n 0002912709 00000 n 0002912521 00000 n 0002906314 00000 n 0002912645 00000 n 0002919131 00000 n 0002918944 00000 n 0002912804 00000 n 0002919068 00000 n 0002926657 00000 n 0002926469 00000 n 0002919252 00000 n 0002926593 00000 n 0002933110 00000 n 0002932922 00000 n 0002926778 00000 n 0002933046 00000 n 0005399243 00000 n 0002938564 00000 n 0002938377 00000 n 0002933205 00000 n 0002938501 00000 n 0002944492 00000 n 0002944305 00000 n 0002938647 00000 n 0002944429 00000 n 0002950430 00000 n 0002950306 00000 n 0002944613 00000 n 0002957676 00000 n 0002957488 00000 n 0002950525 00000 n 0002957612 00000 n 0002966026 00000 n 0002965838 00000 n 0002957797 00000 n 0002965962 00000 n 0002972674 00000 n 0002972486 00000 n 0002966147 00000 n 0002972610 00000 n 0005399368 00000 n 0002981807 00000 n 0002981620 00000 n 0002972795 00000 n 0002981744 00000 n 0002983894 00000 n 0002983770 00000 n 0002981928 00000 n 0002983977 00000 n 0002988280 00000 n 0005411828 00000 n 0002984023 00000 n 0002988343 00000 n 0002988094 00000 n 0002984075 00000 n 0002993512 00000 n 0002993325 00000 n 0002988426 00000 n 0002993449 00000 n 0002999255 00000 n 0002999067 00000 n 0002993607 00000 n 0002999191 00000 n 0003006378 00000 n 0003006191 00000 n 0002999350 00000 n 0003006315 00000 n 0005399493 00000 n 0003012649 00000 n 0003012462 00000 n 0003006499 00000 n 0003012586 00000 n 0003018171 00000 n 0003017984 00000 n 0003012744 00000 n 0003018108 00000 n 0003024179 00000 n 0003023992 00000 n 0003018266 00000 n 0003024116 00000 n 0003030317 00000 n 0003030193 00000 n 0003024274 00000 n 0003037057 00000 n 0003036869 00000 n 0003030412 00000 n 0003036993 00000 n 0003043019 00000 n 0003042831 00000 n 0003037178 00000 n 0003042955 00000 n 0005399618 00000 n 0003049208 00000 n 0003049020 00000 n 0003043114 00000 n 0003049144 00000 n 0003057113 00000 n 0003056864 00000 n 0003049303 00000 n 0003056988 00000 n 0003057051 00000 n 0003065951 00000 n 0003065763 00000 n 0003057234 00000 n 0003065887 00000 n 0003071871 00000 n 0003071747 00000 n 0003066072 00000 n 0003077972 00000 n 0003077784 00000 n 0003071992 00000 n 0003077908 00000 n 0003083594 00000 n 0003083343 00000 n 0003078055 00000 n 0003083467 00000 n 0003083531 00000 n 0005399743 00000 n 0003090680 00000 n 0003090493 00000 n 0003083689 00000 n 0003090617 00000 n 0003097279 00000 n 0003097093 00000 n 0003090801 00000 n 0003097217 00000 n 0003103018 00000 n 0003102830 00000 n 0003097362 00000 n 0003102954 00000 n 0003111839 00000 n 0003111715 00000 n 0003103101 00000 n 0003117742 00000 n 0003117555 00000 n 0003111960 00000 n 0003117679 00000 n 0003127859 00000 n 0003127671 00000 n 0003117837 00000 n 0003127795 00000 n 0005399868 00000 n 0003136332 00000 n 0003136145 00000 n 0003127980 00000 n 0003136269 00000 n 0003142213 00000 n 0003142026 00000 n 0003136453 00000 n 0003142150 00000 n 0003152558 00000 n 0003152434 00000 n 0003142308 00000 n 0003160455 00000 n 0003160204 00000 n 0003152679 00000 n 0003160328 00000 n 0003160392 00000 n 0003165652 00000 n 0003165464 00000 n 0003160576 00000 n 0003165588 00000 n 0003172286 00000 n 0003172098 00000 n 0003165747 00000 n 0003172222 00000 n 0005399993 00000 n 0003177964 00000 n 0003177713 00000 n 0003172407 00000 n 0003177837 00000 n 0003177901 00000 n 0003184264 00000 n 0003184077 00000 n 0003178047 00000 n 0003184201 00000 n 0003192259 00000 n 0003192135 00000 n 0003184359 00000 n 0003199674 00000 n 0003199487 00000 n 0003192380 00000 n 0003199611 00000 n 0003205272 00000 n 0003205084 00000 n 0003199783 00000 n 0003205208 00000 n 0003212888 00000 n 0003212701 00000 n 0003205367 00000 n 0003212825 00000 n 0005400118 00000 n 0003220106 00000 n 0003219919 00000 n 0003213009 00000 n 0003220043 00000 n 0003229362 00000 n 0003229238 00000 n 0003220227 00000 n 0003238160 00000 n 0003237973 00000 n 0003229483 00000 n 0003238097 00000 n 0003247757 00000 n 0003247569 00000 n 0003238281 00000 n 0003247693 00000 n 0003256919 00000 n 0003256668 00000 n 0003247878 00000 n 0003256792 00000 n 0003256855 00000 n 0003264685 00000 n 0003264498 00000 n 0003257040 00000 n 0003264622 00000 n 0005400243 00000 n 0003270350 00000 n 0003270162 00000 n 0003264806 00000 n 0003270286 00000 n 0003278882 00000 n 0003278758 00000 n 0003270445 00000 n 0003285151 00000 n 0003284963 00000 n 0003279016 00000 n 0003285087 00000 n 0003292647 00000 n 0003292460 00000 n 0003285246 00000 n 0003292584 00000 n 0003301755 00000 n 0003301567 00000 n 0003292768 00000 n 0003301691 00000 n 0003307669 00000 n 0003307481 00000 n 0003301889 00000 n 0003307605 00000 n 0005400368 00000 n 0003314645 00000 n 0003314457 00000 n 0003307764 00000 n 0003314581 00000 n 0003321382 00000 n 0003321258 00000 n 0003314766 00000 n 0003330133 00000 n 0003329946 00000 n 0003321491 00000 n 0003330070 00000 n 0003335974 00000 n 0003335787 00000 n 0003330254 00000 n 0003335911 00000 n 0003344270 00000 n 0003344082 00000 n 0003336083 00000 n 0003344206 00000 n 0003350089 00000 n 0003349902 00000 n 0003344379 00000 n 0003350026 00000 n 0005400493 00000 n 0003355829 00000 n 0003355641 00000 n 0003350184 00000 n 0003355765 00000 n 0003365260 00000 n 0003365136 00000 n 0003355924 00000 n 0003372587 00000 n 0003372399 00000 n 0003365369 00000 n 0003372523 00000 n 0003379723 00000 n 0003379536 00000 n 0003372708 00000 n 0003379660 00000 n 0003384790 00000 n 0003384603 00000 n 0003379844 00000 n 0003384727 00000 n 0003390977 00000 n 0003390790 00000 n 0003384873 00000 n 0003390914 00000 n 0005400618 00000 n 0003396070 00000 n 0003395882 00000 n 0003391098 00000 n 0003396006 00000 n 0003401962 00000 n 0003401775 00000 n 0003396141 00000 n 0003401899 00000 n 0003407943 00000 n 0003407819 00000 n 0003402045 00000 n 0003414652 00000 n 0003414465 00000 n 0003408064 00000 n 0003414589 00000 n 0003421363 00000 n 0003421177 00000 n 0003414761 00000 n 0003421301 00000 n 0003428398 00000 n 0003428210 00000 n 0003421472 00000 n 0003428334 00000 n 0005400743 00000 n 0003439626 00000 n 0003439376 00000 n 0003428507 00000 n 0003439500 00000 n 0003439563 00000 n 0003446276 00000 n 0003446088 00000 n 0003439747 00000 n 0003446212 00000 n 0003454588 00000 n 0003454464 00000 n 0003446397 00000 n 0003460104 00000 n 0003459918 00000 n 0003454709 00000 n 0003460042 00000 n 0003461246 00000 n 0003461122 00000 n 0003460199 00000 n 0003461317 00000 n 0003461899 00000 n 0005411688 00000 n 0003461363 00000 n 0003462088 00000 n 0003461775 00000 n 0003461425 00000 n 0003461962 00000 n 0003462025 00000 n 0005400868 00000 n 0003462171 00000 n 0003466761 00000 n 0005411604 00000 n 0003462217 00000 n 0003466886 00000 n 0003466637 00000 n 0003462253 00000 n 0003476609 00000 n 0003476421 00000 n 0003466981 00000 n 0003476545 00000 n 0003482547 00000 n 0003482360 00000 n 0003476730 00000 n 0003482484 00000 n 0003489267 00000 n 0003489079 00000 n 0003482642 00000 n 0003489203 00000 n 0003495635 00000 n 0003495447 00000 n 0003489388 00000 n 0003495571 00000 n 0003502779 00000 n 0003502591 00000 n 0003495730 00000 n 0003502715 00000 n 0005400993 00000 n 0003508917 00000 n 0003508793 00000 n 0003502900 00000 n 0003515576 00000 n 0003515390 00000 n 0003509012 00000 n 0003515514 00000 n 0003522539 00000 n 0003522351 00000 n 0003515697 00000 n 0003522475 00000 n 0003528753 00000 n 0003528565 00000 n 0003522673 00000 n 0003528689 00000 n 0003534870 00000 n 0003534682 00000 n 0003528874 00000 n 0003534806 00000 n 0003541322 00000 n 0003541198 00000 n 0003534965 00000 n 0005401118 00000 n 0003548026 00000 n 0003547838 00000 n 0003541417 00000 n 0003547962 00000 n 0003553840 00000 n 0003553653 00000 n 0003548121 00000 n 0003553777 00000 n 0003559383 00000 n 0003559195 00000 n 0003553935 00000 n 0003559319 00000 n 0003569393 00000 n 0003569205 00000 n 0003559466 00000 n 0003569329 00000 n 0003575362 00000 n 0003575174 00000 n 0003569514 00000 n 0003575298 00000 n 0003580695 00000 n 0003580509 00000 n 0003575457 00000 n 0003580633 00000 n 0005401243 00000 n 0003586924 00000 n 0003586737 00000 n 0003580778 00000 n 0003586861 00000 n 0003592318 00000 n 0003592068 00000 n 0003587019 00000 n 0003592192 00000 n 0003592255 00000 n 0003599047 00000 n 0003598859 00000 n 0003592401 00000 n 0003598983 00000 n 0003604495 00000 n 0003604308 00000 n 0003599168 00000 n 0003604432 00000 n 0003610942 00000 n 0003610754 00000 n 0003604578 00000 n 0003610878 00000 n 0003616078 00000 n 0003615954 00000 n 0003611063 00000 n 0005401368 00000 n 0003621665 00000 n 0003621478 00000 n 0003616161 00000 n 0003621602 00000 n 0003630476 00000 n 0003630226 00000 n 0003621760 00000 n 0003630350 00000 n 0003630413 00000 n 0003637431 00000 n 0003637243 00000 n 0003630597 00000 n 0003637367 00000 n 0003642913 00000 n 0003642726 00000 n 0003637552 00000 n 0003642850 00000 n 0003649208 00000 n 0003649084 00000 n 0003643008 00000 n 0003656326 00000 n 0003656139 00000 n 0003649317 00000 n 0003656263 00000 n 0005401493 00000 n 0003663966 00000 n 0003663778 00000 n 0003656435 00000 n 0003663902 00000 n 0003671777 00000 n 0003671589 00000 n 0003664087 00000 n 0003671713 00000 n 0003676882 00000 n 0003676694 00000 n 0003671898 00000 n 0003676818 00000 n 0003682765 00000 n 0003682577 00000 n 0003676977 00000 n 0003682701 00000 n 0003689827 00000 n 0003689703 00000 n 0003682860 00000 n 0003695747 00000 n 0003695559 00000 n 0003689948 00000 n 0003695683 00000 n 0005401618 00000 n 0003701654 00000 n 0003701466 00000 n 0003695830 00000 n 0003701590 00000 n 0003708342 00000 n 0003708155 00000 n 0003701749 00000 n 0003708279 00000 n 0003714702 00000 n 0003714514 00000 n 0003708463 00000 n 0003714638 00000 n 0003722591 00000 n 0003722404 00000 n 0003714823 00000 n 0003722528 00000 n 0003730120 00000 n 0003729932 00000 n 0003722712 00000 n 0003730056 00000 n 0003735624 00000 n 0003735436 00000 n 0003730229 00000 n 0003735560 00000 n 0005401743 00000 n 0003741492 00000 n 0003741304 00000 n 0003735719 00000 n 0003741428 00000 n 0003746943 00000 n 0003746756 00000 n 0003741587 00000 n 0003746880 00000 n 0003752557 00000 n 0003752369 00000 n 0003747038 00000 n 0003752493 00000 n 0003758511 00000 n 0003758324 00000 n 0003752652 00000 n 0003758448 00000 n 0003765206 00000 n 0003765018 00000 n 0003758606 00000 n 0003765142 00000 n 0003770846 00000 n 0003770659 00000 n 0003765327 00000 n 0003770783 00000 n 0005401868 00000 n 0003775904 00000 n 0003775716 00000 n 0003770941 00000 n 0003775840 00000 n 0003778703 00000 n 0003778579 00000 n 0003775987 00000 n 0003778786 00000 n 0003782876 00000 n 0005411505 00000 n 0003778832 00000 n 0003782939 00000 n 0003782690 00000 n 0003778878 00000 n 0003789803 00000 n 0003789615 00000 n 0003783022 00000 n 0003789739 00000 n 0003796167 00000 n 0003795980 00000 n 0003789924 00000 n 0003796104 00000 n 0003802139 00000 n 0003801952 00000 n 0003796262 00000 n 0003802076 00000 n 0005401993 00000 n 0003808627 00000 n 0003808440 00000 n 0003802234 00000 n 0003808564 00000 n 0003814925 00000 n 0003814737 00000 n 0003808722 00000 n 0003814861 00000 n 0003820719 00000 n 0003820595 00000 n 0003815020 00000 n 0003826365 00000 n 0003826178 00000 n 0003820814 00000 n 0003826302 00000 n 0003833642 00000 n 0003833454 00000 n 0003826460 00000 n 0003833578 00000 n 0003839714 00000 n 0003839526 00000 n 0003833763 00000 n 0003839650 00000 n 0005402118 00000 n 0003845981 00000 n 0003845793 00000 n 0003839809 00000 n 0003845917 00000 n 0003852239 00000 n 0003852051 00000 n 0003846076 00000 n 0003852175 00000 n 0003858525 00000 n 0003858401 00000 n 0003852360 00000 n 0003864267 00000 n 0003864080 00000 n 0003858646 00000 n 0003864204 00000 n 0003870238 00000 n 0003870050 00000 n 0003864362 00000 n 0003870174 00000 n 0003876252 00000 n 0003876064 00000 n 0003870321 00000 n 0003876188 00000 n 0005402243 00000 n 0003882075 00000 n 0003881887 00000 n 0003876347 00000 n 0003882011 00000 n 0003888459 00000 n 0003888272 00000 n 0003882170 00000 n 0003888396 00000 n 0003894501 00000 n 0003894377 00000 n 0003888554 00000 n 0003902610 00000 n 0003902423 00000 n 0003894596 00000 n 0003902547 00000 n 0003908477 00000 n 0003908290 00000 n 0003902731 00000 n 0003908414 00000 n 0003914086 00000 n 0003913900 00000 n 0003908572 00000 n 0003914024 00000 n 0005402368 00000 n 0003920246 00000 n 0003920059 00000 n 0003914169 00000 n 0003920183 00000 n 0003926467 00000 n 0003926279 00000 n 0003920341 00000 n 0003926403 00000 n 0003935518 00000 n 0003935394 00000 n 0003926562 00000 n 0003941446 00000 n 0003941258 00000 n 0003935639 00000 n 0003941382 00000 n 0003947232 00000 n 0003947045 00000 n 0003941567 00000 n 0003947169 00000 n 0003955277 00000 n 0003955090 00000 n 0003947327 00000 n 0003955214 00000 n 0005402493 00000 n 0003962810 00000 n 0003962622 00000 n 0003955398 00000 n 0003962746 00000 n 0003969623 00000 n 0003969435 00000 n 0003962931 00000 n 0003969559 00000 n 0003976008 00000 n 0003975884 00000 n 0003969732 00000 n 0003981791 00000 n 0003981603 00000 n 0003976129 00000 n 0003981727 00000 n 0003990348 00000 n 0003990160 00000 n 0003981887 00000 n 0003990284 00000 n 0003995637 00000 n 0003995449 00000 n 0003990469 00000 n 0003995573 00000 n 0005402618 00000 n 0004001310 00000 n 0004001123 00000 n 0003995720 00000 n 0004001247 00000 n 0004009454 00000 n 0004009203 00000 n 0004001405 00000 n 0004009327 00000 n 0004009390 00000 n 0004015965 00000 n 0004015778 00000 n 0004009575 00000 n 0004015902 00000 n 0004022083 00000 n 0004021959 00000 n 0004016060 00000 n 0004027971 00000 n 0004027783 00000 n 0004022191 00000 n 0004027907 00000 n 0004034607 00000 n 0004034419 00000 n 0004028080 00000 n 0004034543 00000 n 0005402743 00000 n 0004040359 00000 n 0004040109 00000 n 0004034702 00000 n 0004040233 00000 n 0004040296 00000 n 0004045872 00000 n 0004045684 00000 n 0004040442 00000 n 0004045808 00000 n 0004053082 00000 n 0004052894 00000 n 0004045955 00000 n 0004053018 00000 n 0004059833 00000 n 0004059709 00000 n 0004053203 00000 n 0004066969 00000 n 0004066781 00000 n 0004059954 00000 n 0004066905 00000 n 0004073768 00000 n 0004073580 00000 n 0004067090 00000 n 0004073704 00000 n 0005402868 00000 n 0004083808 00000 n 0004083620 00000 n 0004073889 00000 n 0004083744 00000 n 0004089340 00000 n 0004089088 00000 n 0004083929 00000 n 0004089212 00000 n 0004089276 00000 n 0004097684 00000 n 0004097496 00000 n 0004089435 00000 n 0004097620 00000 n 0004104195 00000 n 0004104071 00000 n 0004097805 00000 n 0004112855 00000 n 0004112668 00000 n 0004104316 00000 n 0004112792 00000 n 0004118043 00000 n 0004117856 00000 n 0004112976 00000 n 0004117980 00000 n 0005402993 00000 n 0004123163 00000 n 0004122975 00000 n 0004118138 00000 n 0004123099 00000 n 0004124652 00000 n 0004124528 00000 n 0004123246 00000 n 0004124723 00000 n 0004128793 00000 n 0005411406 00000 n 0004124769 00000 n 0004128856 00000 n 0004128607 00000 n 0004124817 00000 n 0004134066 00000 n 0004133878 00000 n 0004128951 00000 n 0004134002 00000 n 0004140512 00000 n 0004140261 00000 n 0004134149 00000 n 0004140385 00000 n 0004140449 00000 n 0004148924 00000 n 0004148737 00000 n 0004140607 00000 n 0004148861 00000 n 0005403118 00000 n 0004154635 00000 n 0004154447 00000 n 0004149045 00000 n 0004154571 00000 n 0004161143 00000 n 0004160955 00000 n 0004154731 00000 n 0004161079 00000 n 0004166911 00000 n 0004166787 00000 n 0004161252 00000 n 0004173271 00000 n 0004173083 00000 n 0004167006 00000 n 0004173207 00000 n 0004179480 00000 n 0004179293 00000 n 0004173366 00000 n 0004179417 00000 n 0004185818 00000 n 0004185630 00000 n 0004179575 00000 n 0004185754 00000 n 0005403243 00000 n 0004191327 00000 n 0004191139 00000 n 0004185926 00000 n 0004191263 00000 n 0004197671 00000 n 0004197547 00000 n 0004191410 00000 n 0004203628 00000 n 0004203440 00000 n 0004197766 00000 n 0004203564 00000 n 0004209384 00000 n 0004209197 00000 n 0004203723 00000 n 0004209321 00000 n 0004215282 00000 n 0004215094 00000 n 0004209467 00000 n 0004215218 00000 n 0004221134 00000 n 0004220947 00000 n 0004215377 00000 n 0004221071 00000 n 0005403368 00000 n 0004227114 00000 n 0004226990 00000 n 0004221229 00000 n 0004232578 00000 n 0004232391 00000 n 0004227209 00000 n 0004232515 00000 n 0004238280 00000 n 0004238093 00000 n 0004232661 00000 n 0004238217 00000 n 0004243456 00000 n 0004243268 00000 n 0004238363 00000 n 0004243392 00000 n 0004249022 00000 n 0004248836 00000 n 0004243539 00000 n 0004248960 00000 n 0004252807 00000 n 0004252683 00000 n 0004249105 00000 n 0005403493 00000 n 0004252902 00000 n 0004257680 00000 n 0005411307 00000 n 0004252948 00000 n 0004257743 00000 n 0004257494 00000 n 0004252984 00000 n 0004264566 00000 n 0004264378 00000 n 0004257826 00000 n 0004264502 00000 n 0004271581 00000 n 0004271394 00000 n 0004264649 00000 n 0004271518 00000 n 0004277512 00000 n 0004277261 00000 n 0004271702 00000 n 0004277385 00000 n 0004277449 00000 n 0004283658 00000 n 0004283470 00000 n 0004277607 00000 n 0004283594 00000 n 0004289491 00000 n 0004289367 00000 n 0004283753 00000 n 0005403618 00000 n 0004295006 00000 n 0004294818 00000 n 0004289586 00000 n 0004294942 00000 n 0004300502 00000 n 0004300315 00000 n 0004295101 00000 n 0004300439 00000 n 0004305885 00000 n 0004305697 00000 n 0004300585 00000 n 0004305821 00000 n 0004311004 00000 n 0004310817 00000 n 0004305980 00000 n 0004310941 00000 n 0004317210 00000 n 0004317023 00000 n 0004311099 00000 n 0004317147 00000 n 0004323129 00000 n 0004322879 00000 n 0004317305 00000 n 0004323003 00000 n 0004323066 00000 n 0005403743 00000 n 0004330537 00000 n 0004330349 00000 n 0004323224 00000 n 0004330473 00000 n 0004336395 00000 n 0004336207 00000 n 0004330658 00000 n 0004336331 00000 n 0004340172 00000 n 0004339984 00000 n 0004336490 00000 n 0004340108 00000 n 0004340243 00000 n 0004345595 00000 n 0005411208 00000 n 0004340289 00000 n 0004345658 00000 n 0004345409 00000 n 0004340329 00000 n 0004354308 00000 n 0004354120 00000 n 0004345766 00000 n 0004354244 00000 n 0004360023 00000 n 0004359835 00000 n 0004354429 00000 n 0004359959 00000 n 0005403868 00000 n 0004367498 00000 n 0004367310 00000 n 0004360118 00000 n 0004367434 00000 n 0004373532 00000 n 0004373347 00000 n 0004367619 00000 n 0004373471 00000 n 0004378866 00000 n 0004378742 00000 n 0004373615 00000 n 0004385092 00000 n 0004384904 00000 n 0004378949 00000 n 0004385028 00000 n 0004391679 00000 n 0004391491 00000 n 0004385175 00000 n 0004391615 00000 n 0004398617 00000 n 0004398366 00000 n 0004391788 00000 n 0004398490 00000 n 0004398554 00000 n 0005403993 00000 n 0004404107 00000 n 0004403919 00000 n 0004398712 00000 n 0004404043 00000 n 0004412347 00000 n 0004412159 00000 n 0004404202 00000 n 0004412283 00000 n 0004418195 00000 n 0004418071 00000 n 0004412481 00000 n 0004423656 00000 n 0004423468 00000 n 0004418290 00000 n 0004423592 00000 n 0004429857 00000 n 0004429669 00000 n 0004423739 00000 n 0004429793 00000 n 0004435988 00000 n 0004435800 00000 n 0004429940 00000 n 0004435924 00000 n 0005404118 00000 n 0004441906 00000 n 0004441718 00000 n 0004436083 00000 n 0004441842 00000 n 0004448767 00000 n 0004448579 00000 n 0004442001 00000 n 0004448703 00000 n 0004453928 00000 n 0004453741 00000 n 0004448876 00000 n 0004453865 00000 n 0004460981 00000 n 0004460857 00000 n 0004454011 00000 n 0004467587 00000 n 0004467399 00000 n 0004461102 00000 n 0004467523 00000 n 0004473812 00000 n 0004473624 00000 n 0004467708 00000 n 0004473748 00000 n 0005404243 00000 n 0004479423 00000 n 0004479235 00000 n 0004473933 00000 n 0004479359 00000 n 0004486012 00000 n 0004485762 00000 n 0004479518 00000 n 0004485886 00000 n 0004485950 00000 n 0004492297 00000 n 0004492173 00000 n 0004486121 00000 n 0004498439 00000 n 0004498252 00000 n 0004492418 00000 n 0004498376 00000 n 0004505030 00000 n 0004504842 00000 n 0004498534 00000 n 0004504966 00000 n 0004510851 00000 n 0004510664 00000 n 0004505125 00000 n 0004510788 00000 n 0005404368 00000 n 0004516497 00000 n 0004516309 00000 n 0004510946 00000 n 0004516433 00000 n 0004521311 00000 n 0004521060 00000 n 0004516592 00000 n 0004521184 00000 n 0004521247 00000 n 0004521394 00000 n 0004525744 00000 n 0005411124 00000 n 0004521440 00000 n 0004525807 00000 n 0004525558 00000 n 0004521487 00000 n 0004532126 00000 n 0004531939 00000 n 0004525902 00000 n 0004532063 00000 n 0004537863 00000 n 0004537676 00000 n 0004532221 00000 n 0004537800 00000 n 0004543526 00000 n 0004543275 00000 n 0004537946 00000 n 0004543399 00000 n 0004543462 00000 n 0005404493 00000 n 0004548973 00000 n 0004548786 00000 n 0004543621 00000 n 0004548910 00000 n 0004556590 00000 n 0004556402 00000 n 0004549056 00000 n 0004556526 00000 n 0004562596 00000 n 0004562472 00000 n 0004556711 00000 n 0004568847 00000 n 0004568659 00000 n 0004562691 00000 n 0004568783 00000 n 0004574602 00000 n 0004574414 00000 n 0004568930 00000 n 0004574538 00000 n 0004580420 00000 n 0004580233 00000 n 0004574685 00000 n 0004580357 00000 n 0005404618 00000 n 0004586246 00000 n 0004586058 00000 n 0004580515 00000 n 0004586182 00000 n 0004591642 00000 n 0004591455 00000 n 0004586329 00000 n 0004591579 00000 n 0004597613 00000 n 0004597489 00000 n 0004591725 00000 n 0004603688 00000 n 0004603501 00000 n 0004597696 00000 n 0004603625 00000 n 0004609682 00000 n 0004609495 00000 n 0004603771 00000 n 0004609619 00000 n 0004615285 00000 n 0004615097 00000 n 0004609765 00000 n 0004615221 00000 n 0005404743 00000 n 0004621645 00000 n 0004621457 00000 n 0004615381 00000 n 0004621581 00000 n 0004626899 00000 n 0004626712 00000 n 0004621728 00000 n 0004626836 00000 n 0004632423 00000 n 0004632299 00000 n 0004626982 00000 n 0004638074 00000 n 0004637886 00000 n 0004632506 00000 n 0004638010 00000 n 0004643438 00000 n 0004643250 00000 n 0004638157 00000 n 0004643374 00000 n 0004654157 00000 n 0004648405 00000 n 0004648217 00000 n 0004643521 00000 n 0004648341 00000 n 0005404868 00000 n 0004654387 00000 n 0004654012 00000 n 0004648488 00000 n 0004654323 00000 n 0004659583 00000 n 0004659395 00000 n 0004654495 00000 n 0004659519 00000 n 0004666023 00000 n 0004665899 00000 n 0004659666 00000 n 0004672115 00000 n 0004671927 00000 n 0004666144 00000 n 0004672051 00000 n 0004677573 00000 n 0004677385 00000 n 0004672210 00000 n 0004677509 00000 n 0004682972 00000 n 0004682785 00000 n 0004677668 00000 n 0004682909 00000 n 0005404993 00000 n 0004688572 00000 n 0004688385 00000 n 0004683055 00000 n 0004688509 00000 n 0004694167 00000 n 0004693979 00000 n 0004688667 00000 n 0004694103 00000 n 0004700110 00000 n 0004699922 00000 n 0004694250 00000 n 0004700046 00000 n 0004706789 00000 n 0004706665 00000 n 0004700205 00000 n 0004712771 00000 n 0004712583 00000 n 0004706923 00000 n 0004712707 00000 n 0004719259 00000 n 0004719071 00000 n 0004712854 00000 n 0004719195 00000 n 0005405118 00000 n 0004725783 00000 n 0004725532 00000 n 0004719342 00000 n 0004725656 00000 n 0004725720 00000 n 0004732217 00000 n 0004732446 00000 n 0004732072 00000 n 0004725866 00000 n 0004732382 00000 n 0004739006 00000 n 0004738882 00000 n 0004732554 00000 n 0004745679 00000 n 0004745492 00000 n 0004739115 00000 n 0004745616 00000 n 0004751602 00000 n 0004751414 00000 n 0004745774 00000 n 0004751538 00000 n 0004759358 00000 n 0004759171 00000 n 0004751723 00000 n 0004759295 00000 n 0005405243 00000 n 0004765639 00000 n 0004765451 00000 n 0004759479 00000 n 0004765575 00000 n 0004771162 00000 n 0004770974 00000 n 0004765734 00000 n 0004771098 00000 n 0004776170 00000 n 0004776046 00000 n 0004771257 00000 n 0004781723 00000 n 0004781535 00000 n 0004776253 00000 n 0004781659 00000 n 0004786889 00000 n 0004786702 00000 n 0004781806 00000 n 0004786826 00000 n 0004792030 00000 n 0004791842 00000 n 0004786972 00000 n 0004791966 00000 n 0005405368 00000 n 0004797250 00000 n 0004797062 00000 n 0004792125 00000 n 0004797186 00000 n 0004802868 00000 n 0004802681 00000 n 0004797333 00000 n 0004802805 00000 n 0004808623 00000 n 0004808499 00000 n 0004802963 00000 n 0004814078 00000 n 0004813891 00000 n 0004808718 00000 n 0004814015 00000 n 0004815021 00000 n 0004814897 00000 n 0004814173 00000 n 0004815092 00000 n 0004821373 00000 n 0005411025 00000 n 0004815138 00000 n 0004817964 00000 n 0004818132 00000 n 0004818300 00000 n 0004818467 00000 n 0004818633 00000 n 0004818801 00000 n 0004818969 00000 n 0004819136 00000 n 0004819304 00000 n 0004819472 00000 n 0004819640 00000 n 0004819807 00000 n 0004819975 00000 n 0004820142 00000 n 0004820308 00000 n 0004820475 00000 n 0004820643 00000 n 0004820811 00000 n 0004820978 00000 n 0004821144 00000 n 0004825391 00000 n 0004825559 00000 n 0004821500 00000 n 0004817648 00000 n 0004815164 00000 n 0004821310 00000 n 0004821436 00000 n 0005405493 00000 n 0004825727 00000 n 0004825895 00000 n 0004826062 00000 n 0004826230 00000 n 0004826397 00000 n 0004826565 00000 n 0004826733 00000 n 0004826900 00000 n 0004827068 00000 n 0004827236 00000 n 0004827403 00000 n 0004827571 00000 n 0004827739 00000 n 0004827907 00000 n 0004828075 00000 n 0004828242 00000 n 0004828409 00000 n 0004828576 00000 n 0004828744 00000 n 0004828912 00000 n 0004829080 00000 n 0004829248 00000 n 0004829416 00000 n 0004829584 00000 n 0004829751 00000 n 0004829918 00000 n 0004830085 00000 n 0004830253 00000 n 0004830420 00000 n 0004830585 00000 n 0004834046 00000 n 0004830750 00000 n 0004824967 00000 n 0004821583 00000 n 0004834213 00000 n 0004834381 00000 n 0004834549 00000 n 0004834715 00000 n 0004834883 00000 n 0004835049 00000 n 0004835216 00000 n 0004835384 00000 n 0004835552 00000 n 0004835720 00000 n 0004835888 00000 n 0004836056 00000 n 0004836224 00000 n 0004836392 00000 n 0004836559 00000 n 0004836727 00000 n 0004836895 00000 n 0004837062 00000 n 0004837230 00000 n 0004837398 00000 n 0004837566 00000 n 0004837734 00000 n 0004837902 00000 n 0004838070 00000 n 0004838238 00000 n 0004838405 00000 n 0004838573 00000 n 0004838741 00000 n 0004838909 00000 n 0004839077 00000 n 0004839242 00000 n 0004842761 00000 n 0004839408 00000 n 0004833622 00000 n 0004830845 00000 n 0004842929 00000 n 0004843097 00000 n 0004843263 00000 n 0004843431 00000 n 0004843599 00000 n 0004843767 00000 n 0004843935 00000 n 0004844100 00000 n 0004844268 00000 n 0004844436 00000 n 0004844604 00000 n 0004844772 00000 n 0004844939 00000 n 0004845106 00000 n 0004845273 00000 n 0004845440 00000 n 0004845607 00000 n 0004845775 00000 n 0004845942 00000 n 0004846108 00000 n 0004846276 00000 n 0004846444 00000 n 0004846612 00000 n 0004846779 00000 n 0004846947 00000 n 0004847114 00000 n 0004847280 00000 n 0004847510 00000 n 0004842373 00000 n 0004839491 00000 n 0004847446 00000 n 0004850406 00000 n 0004850573 00000 n 0004850740 00000 n 0004850907 00000 n 0004851075 00000 n 0004851241 00000 n 0004851409 00000 n 0004851577 00000 n 0004851742 00000 n 0004851910 00000 n 0004852077 00000 n 0004852245 00000 n 0004852413 00000 n 0004852577 00000 n 0004852744 00000 n 0004852911 00000 n 0004853078 00000 n 0004853246 00000 n 0004853413 00000 n 0004853580 00000 n 0004853744 00000 n 0004853912 00000 n 0004854080 00000 n 0004854246 00000 n 0004854413 00000 n 0004854580 00000 n 0004854748 00000 n 0004854920 00000 n 0004855088 00000 n 0004855256 00000 n 0004855421 00000 n 0004859064 00000 n 0004855713 00000 n 0004849991 00000 n 0004847593 00000 n 0004855587 00000 n 0004855650 00000 n 0004859231 00000 n 0004859399 00000 n 0004859566 00000 n 0004859733 00000 n 0004859901 00000 n 0004860068 00000 n 0004860235 00000 n 0004860401 00000 n 0004860569 00000 n 0004860737 00000 n 0004860904 00000 n 0004861072 00000 n 0004861240 00000 n 0004861408 00000 n 0004861576 00000 n 0004861744 00000 n 0004861912 00000 n 0004862080 00000 n 0004862248 00000 n 0004862416 00000 n 0004862584 00000 n 0004862752 00000 n 0004862919 00000 n 0004863086 00000 n 0004863253 00000 n 0004863418 00000 n 0004866664 00000 n 0004863583 00000 n 0004858685 00000 n 0004855808 00000 n 0004866831 00000 n 0004866998 00000 n 0004867166 00000 n 0004867333 00000 n 0004867500 00000 n 0004867664 00000 n 0004867831 00000 n 0004867997 00000 n 0004868164 00000 n 0004868331 00000 n 0004868499 00000 n 0004868667 00000 n 0004868833 00000 n 0004869000 00000 n 0004869167 00000 n 0004869334 00000 n 0004869502 00000 n 0004869669 00000 n 0004869836 00000 n 0004870003 00000 n 0004870170 00000 n 0004870338 00000 n 0004870506 00000 n 0004870673 00000 n 0004870839 00000 n 0004874259 00000 n 0004874425 00000 n 0004871005 00000 n 0004866294 00000 n 0004863666 00000 n 0005405618 00000 n 0004874593 00000 n 0004874761 00000 n 0004874929 00000 n 0004875097 00000 n 0004875265 00000 n 0004875432 00000 n 0004875600 00000 n 0004875768 00000 n 0004875936 00000 n 0004876104 00000 n 0004876272 00000 n 0004876439 00000 n 0004876606 00000 n 0004876774 00000 n 0004876942 00000 n 0004877110 00000 n 0004877278 00000 n 0004877445 00000 n 0004877613 00000 n 0004877780 00000 n 0004877948 00000 n 0004878116 00000 n 0004878283 00000 n 0004878451 00000 n 0004878617 00000 n 0004878785 00000 n 0004878953 00000 n 0004879119 00000 n 0004882848 00000 n 0004883015 00000 n 0004879348 00000 n 0004873853 00000 n 0004871100 00000 n 0004879284 00000 n 0004883182 00000 n 0004883349 00000 n 0004883517 00000 n 0004883685 00000 n 0004883853 00000 n 0004884020 00000 n 0004884188 00000 n 0004884355 00000 n 0004884523 00000 n 0004884690 00000 n 0004884857 00000 n 0004885024 00000 n 0004885191 00000 n 0004885357 00000 n 0004885524 00000 n 0004885692 00000 n 0004885859 00000 n 0004886025 00000 n 0004886193 00000 n 0004886360 00000 n 0004886528 00000 n 0004886696 00000 n 0004886864 00000 n 0004887032 00000 n 0004887200 00000 n 0004887368 00000 n 0004887536 00000 n 0004887704 00000 n 0004887871 00000 n 0004888037 00000 n 0004892037 00000 n 0004888203 00000 n 0004882424 00000 n 0004879443 00000 n 0004892204 00000 n 0004892372 00000 n 0004892537 00000 n 0004892705 00000 n 0004892873 00000 n 0004893041 00000 n 0004893209 00000 n 0004893377 00000 n 0004893545 00000 n 0004893713 00000 n 0004893881 00000 n 0004894049 00000 n 0004894217 00000 n 0004894385 00000 n 0004894553 00000 n 0004894720 00000 n 0004894888 00000 n 0004895055 00000 n 0004895223 00000 n 0004895390 00000 n 0004895558 00000 n 0004895726 00000 n 0004895894 00000 n 0004896060 00000 n 0004896228 00000 n 0004896393 00000 n 0004899943 00000 n 0004896622 00000 n 0004891658 00000 n 0004888286 00000 n 0004896559 00000 n 0004900110 00000 n 0004900278 00000 n 0004900444 00000 n 0004900612 00000 n 0004900778 00000 n 0004900945 00000 n 0004901113 00000 n 0004901280 00000 n 0004901447 00000 n 0004901615 00000 n 0004901783 00000 n 0004901951 00000 n 0004902119 00000 n 0004902283 00000 n 0004902450 00000 n 0004902617 00000 n 0004902785 00000 n 0004902953 00000 n 0004903120 00000 n 0004903287 00000 n 0004903454 00000 n 0004903622 00000 n 0004903789 00000 n 0004903957 00000 n 0004904123 00000 n 0004904291 00000 n 0004904459 00000 n 0004904626 00000 n 0004904792 00000 n 0004908403 00000 n 0004904958 00000 n 0004899537 00000 n 0004896730 00000 n 0004908569 00000 n 0004908737 00000 n 0004908904 00000 n 0004909072 00000 n 0004909240 00000 n 0004909407 00000 n 0004909570 00000 n 0004909737 00000 n 0004909905 00000 n 0004910073 00000 n 0004910241 00000 n 0004910409 00000 n 0004910577 00000 n 0004910745 00000 n 0004910913 00000 n 0004911079 00000 n 0004911246 00000 n 0004911413 00000 n 0004911580 00000 n 0004911747 00000 n 0004911913 00000 n 0004912081 00000 n 0004912248 00000 n 0004912415 00000 n 0004912583 00000 n 0004912751 00000 n 0004912917 00000 n 0004913084 00000 n 0004913249 00000 n 0004916732 00000 n 0004916899 00000 n 0004913477 00000 n 0004907997 00000 n 0004905053 00000 n 0004913414 00000 n 0004917066 00000 n 0004917233 00000 n 0004917401 00000 n 0004917569 00000 n 0004917736 00000 n 0004917904 00000 n 0004918072 00000 n 0004918240 00000 n 0004918408 00000 n 0004918576 00000 n 0004918744 00000 n 0004918912 00000 n 0004919080 00000 n 0004919247 00000 n 0004919415 00000 n 0004919583 00000 n 0004919751 00000 n 0004919918 00000 n 0004920086 00000 n 0004920254 00000 n 0004920421 00000 n 0004920589 00000 n 0004920756 00000 n 0004920924 00000 n 0004921092 00000 n 0004921260 00000 n 0004921427 00000 n 0004925156 00000 n 0004921593 00000 n 0004916335 00000 n 0004913572 00000 n 0005405743 00000 n 0004925324 00000 n 0004925492 00000 n 0004925660 00000 n 0004925828 00000 n 0004925996 00000 n 0004926164 00000 n 0004926332 00000 n 0004926500 00000 n 0004926667 00000 n 0004926835 00000 n 0004927003 00000 n 0004927171 00000 n 0004927338 00000 n 0004927506 00000 n 0004927674 00000 n 0004927841 00000 n 0004928007 00000 n 0004928174 00000 n 0004928341 00000 n 0004928510 00000 n 0004928677 00000 n 0004928843 00000 n 0004929009 00000 n 0004929176 00000 n 0004929343 00000 n 0004929510 00000 n 0004929676 00000 n 0004929843 00000 n 0004930010 00000 n 0004930177 00000 n 0004930344 00000 n 0004930508 00000 n 0004930674 00000 n 0004934315 00000 n 0004930840 00000 n 0004924714 00000 n 0004921688 00000 n 0004934482 00000 n 0004934649 00000 n 0004934816 00000 n 0004934983 00000 n 0004935150 00000 n 0004935318 00000 n 0004935486 00000 n 0004935654 00000 n 0004935822 00000 n 0004935990 00000 n 0004936158 00000 n 0004936326 00000 n 0004936494 00000 n 0004936662 00000 n 0004936829 00000 n 0004936996 00000 n 0004937163 00000 n 0004937331 00000 n 0004937499 00000 n 0004937666 00000 n 0004937834 00000 n 0004938000 00000 n 0004938167 00000 n 0004938333 00000 n 0004938500 00000 n 0004938667 00000 n 0004938834 00000 n 0004939000 00000 n 0004939167 00000 n 0004939334 00000 n 0004939500 00000 n 0004939667 00000 n 0004939835 00000 n 0004939998 00000 n 0004940163 00000 n 0004933864 00000 n 0004930935 00000 n 0004943496 00000 n 0004943664 00000 n 0004943831 00000 n 0004944003 00000 n 0004944171 00000 n 0004944339 00000 n 0004944507 00000 n 0004944673 00000 n 0004944841 00000 n 0004945009 00000 n 0004945176 00000 n 0004945343 00000 n 0004945511 00000 n 0004945677 00000 n 0004945843 00000 n 0004946011 00000 n 0004946179 00000 n 0004946346 00000 n 0004946514 00000 n 0004946681 00000 n 0004946849 00000 n 0004947017 00000 n 0004947183 00000 n 0004947347 00000 n 0004947513 00000 n 0004947681 00000 n 0004947848 00000 n 0004951318 00000 n 0004948077 00000 n 0004943117 00000 n 0004940258 00000 n 0004948014 00000 n 0004951485 00000 n 0004951653 00000 n 0004951821 00000 n 0004951987 00000 n 0004952153 00000 n 0004952314 00000 n 0004952477 00000 n 0004952644 00000 n 0004952811 00000 n 0004952977 00000 n 0004953142 00000 n 0004953309 00000 n 0004953475 00000 n 0004953642 00000 n 0004953809 00000 n 0004953976 00000 n 0004954142 00000 n 0004954309 00000 n 0004954477 00000 n 0004954645 00000 n 0004954813 00000 n 0004954979 00000 n 0004955147 00000 n 0004955315 00000 n 0004955483 00000 n 0004955650 00000 n 0004955818 00000 n 0004955986 00000 n 0004956154 00000 n 0004956319 00000 n 0004956485 00000 n 0004956650 00000 n 0004960300 00000 n 0004960468 00000 n 0004960636 00000 n 0004956816 00000 n 0004950885 00000 n 0004948172 00000 n 0004960804 00000 n 0004960972 00000 n 0004961138 00000 n 0004961306 00000 n 0004961472 00000 n 0004961640 00000 n 0004961806 00000 n 0004961974 00000 n 0004962140 00000 n 0004962306 00000 n 0004962473 00000 n 0004962641 00000 n 0004962808 00000 n 0004962976 00000 n 0004963143 00000 n 0004963311 00000 n 0004963478 00000 n 0004963646 00000 n 0004963813 00000 n 0004963981 00000 n 0004964149 00000 n 0004964317 00000 n 0004964485 00000 n 0004964652 00000 n 0004964818 00000 n 0004964983 00000 n 0004968595 00000 n 0004968763 00000 n 0004965149 00000 n 0004959903 00000 n 0004956899 00000 n 0004968931 00000 n 0004969098 00000 n 0004969264 00000 n 0004969431 00000 n 0004969599 00000 n 0004969767 00000 n 0004969935 00000 n 0004970102 00000 n 0004970269 00000 n 0004970434 00000 n 0004970602 00000 n 0004970769 00000 n 0004970937 00000 n 0004971104 00000 n 0004971272 00000 n 0004971440 00000 n 0004971608 00000 n 0004971776 00000 n 0004971944 00000 n 0004972112 00000 n 0004972280 00000 n 0004972447 00000 n 0004972614 00000 n 0004972782 00000 n 0004972950 00000 n 0004973117 00000 n 0004973284 00000 n 0004973452 00000 n 0004973617 00000 n 0004973782 00000 n 0004977122 00000 n 0004973948 00000 n 0004968171 00000 n 0004965244 00000 n 0005405868 00000 n 0004977289 00000 n 0004977456 00000 n 0004977623 00000 n 0004977790 00000 n 0004977957 00000 n 0004978124 00000 n 0004978291 00000 n 0004978458 00000 n 0004978626 00000 n 0004978793 00000 n 0004978960 00000 n 0004979127 00000 n 0004979294 00000 n 0004979462 00000 n 0004979630 00000 n 0004979797 00000 n 0004979964 00000 n 0004980132 00000 n 0004980299 00000 n 0004980467 00000 n 0004980635 00000 n 0004980802 00000 n 0004980969 00000 n 0004981137 00000 n 0004981304 00000 n 0004981470 00000 n 0004985268 00000 n 0004981698 00000 n 0004976743 00000 n 0004974043 00000 n 0004981635 00000 n 0004985435 00000 n 0004985603 00000 n 0004985771 00000 n 0004985939 00000 n 0004986107 00000 n 0004986275 00000 n 0004986442 00000 n 0004986609 00000 n 0004986776 00000 n 0004986944 00000 n 0004987112 00000 n 0004987280 00000 n 0004987448 00000 n 0004987614 00000 n 0004987781 00000 n 0004987949 00000 n 0004988115 00000 n 0004988283 00000 n 0004988450 00000 n 0004988618 00000 n 0004988786 00000 n 0004988952 00000 n 0004989119 00000 n 0004989286 00000 n 0004989454 00000 n 0004989622 00000 n 0004989788 00000 n 0004989956 00000 n 0004990123 00000 n 0004990289 00000 n 0004993972 00000 n 0004994139 00000 n 0004990455 00000 n 0004984853 00000 n 0004981793 00000 n 0004994305 00000 n 0004994473 00000 n 0004994641 00000 n 0004994809 00000 n 0004994976 00000 n 0004995143 00000 n 0004995311 00000 n 0004995479 00000 n 0004995647 00000 n 0004995815 00000 n 0004995983 00000 n 0004996151 00000 n 0004996318 00000 n 0004996486 00000 n 0004996654 00000 n 0004996821 00000 n 0004996987 00000 n 0004997155 00000 n 0004997323 00000 n 0004997491 00000 n 0004997659 00000 n 0004997826 00000 n 0004997993 00000 n 0004998159 00000 n 0005001907 00000 n 0005002073 00000 n 0004998324 00000 n 0004993602 00000 n 0004990550 00000 n 0005002240 00000 n 0005002406 00000 n 0005002574 00000 n 0005002741 00000 n 0005002906 00000 n 0005003073 00000 n 0005003238 00000 n 0005003405 00000 n 0005003572 00000 n 0005003738 00000 n 0005003905 00000 n 0005004072 00000 n 0005004238 00000 n 0005004405 00000 n 0005004572 00000 n 0005004739 00000 n 0005004906 00000 n 0005005073 00000 n 0005005240 00000 n 0005005406 00000 n 0005005569 00000 n 0005005736 00000 n 0005005900 00000 n 0005006067 00000 n 0005006234 00000 n 0005006401 00000 n 0005006567 00000 n 0005006731 00000 n 0005010298 00000 n 0005006896 00000 n 0005001501 00000 n 0004998407 00000 n 0005010464 00000 n 0005010631 00000 n 0005010799 00000 n 0005010967 00000 n 0005011134 00000 n 0005011302 00000 n 0005011469 00000 n 0005011636 00000 n 0005011803 00000 n 0005011970 00000 n 0005012138 00000 n 0005012301 00000 n 0005012469 00000 n 0005012637 00000 n 0005012804 00000 n 0005012971 00000 n 0005013139 00000 n 0005013307 00000 n 0005013475 00000 n 0005013643 00000 n 0005013810 00000 n 0005013978 00000 n 0005014145 00000 n 0005014312 00000 n 0005014477 00000 n 0005014643 00000 n 0005014809 00000 n 0005018609 00000 n 0005015039 00000 n 0005009910 00000 n 0005006991 00000 n 0005014975 00000 n 0005018777 00000 n 0005018945 00000 n 0005019112 00000 n 0005019278 00000 n 0005019442 00000 n 0005019610 00000 n 0005019777 00000 n 0005019945 00000 n 0005020112 00000 n 0005020279 00000 n 0005020446 00000 n 0005020614 00000 n 0005020782 00000 n 0005020949 00000 n 0005021117 00000 n 0005021281 00000 n 0005021446 00000 n 0005021614 00000 n 0005021781 00000 n 0005021948 00000 n 0005022115 00000 n 0005022282 00000 n 0005022449 00000 n 0005022616 00000 n 0005026414 00000 n 0005026581 00000 n 0005026747 00000 n 0005022782 00000 n 0005018248 00000 n 0005015134 00000 n 0005405993 00000 n 0005026914 00000 n 0005027082 00000 n 0005027250 00000 n 0005027417 00000 n 0005027585 00000 n 0005027753 00000 n 0005027920 00000 n 0005028087 00000 n 0005028255 00000 n 0005028423 00000 n 0005028590 00000 n 0005028757 00000 n 0005028925 00000 n 0005029093 00000 n 0005029259 00000 n 0005029427 00000 n 0005029595 00000 n 0005029763 00000 n 0005029931 00000 n 0005030098 00000 n 0005030265 00000 n 0005030432 00000 n 0005030599 00000 n 0005030767 00000 n 0005030935 00000 n 0005031103 00000 n 0005031270 00000 n 0005034883 00000 n 0005031435 00000 n 0005026008 00000 n 0005022877 00000 n 0005035051 00000 n 0005035218 00000 n 0005035385 00000 n 0005035553 00000 n 0005035721 00000 n 0005035887 00000 n 0005036054 00000 n 0005036221 00000 n 0005036387 00000 n 0005036555 00000 n 0005036723 00000 n 0005036889 00000 n 0005037055 00000 n 0005037223 00000 n 0005037390 00000 n 0005037557 00000 n 0005037725 00000 n 0005037892 00000 n 0005038058 00000 n 0005038222 00000 n 0005038389 00000 n 0005038557 00000 n 0005038725 00000 n 0005038893 00000 n 0005039060 00000 n 0005039228 00000 n 0005039395 00000 n 0005039561 00000 n 0005043980 00000 n 0005039790 00000 n 0005034486 00000 n 0005031518 00000 n 0005039727 00000 n 0005044147 00000 n 0005044315 00000 n 0005044482 00000 n 0005044650 00000 n 0005044818 00000 n 0005044986 00000 n 0005045154 00000 n 0005045320 00000 n 0005045488 00000 n 0005045655 00000 n 0005045823 00000 n 0005045991 00000 n 0005046159 00000 n 0005046326 00000 n 0005046493 00000 n 0005046661 00000 n 0005046829 00000 n 0005046997 00000 n 0005047165 00000 n 0005047332 00000 n 0005047500 00000 n 0005047667 00000 n 0005047834 00000 n 0005048002 00000 n 0005048170 00000 n 0005048337 00000 n 0005048505 00000 n 0005048673 00000 n 0005048840 00000 n 0005049006 00000 n 0005052874 00000 n 0005049236 00000 n 0005043565 00000 n 0005039873 00000 n 0005049172 00000 n 0005053042 00000 n 0005053210 00000 n 0005053378 00000 n 0005053545 00000 n 0005053713 00000 n 0005053879 00000 n 0005054047 00000 n 0005054215 00000 n 0005054382 00000 n 0005054550 00000 n 0005054718 00000 n 0005054885 00000 n 0005055053 00000 n 0005055221 00000 n 0005055389 00000 n 0005055557 00000 n 0005055725 00000 n 0005055893 00000 n 0005056061 00000 n 0005056229 00000 n 0005056397 00000 n 0005056564 00000 n 0005056731 00000 n 0005056899 00000 n 0005057066 00000 n 0005057232 00000 n 0005057399 00000 n 0005057567 00000 n 0005057735 00000 n 0005057900 00000 n 0005058066 00000 n 0005058232 00000 n 0005052450 00000 n 0005049331 00000 n 0005061901 00000 n 0005062067 00000 n 0005062235 00000 n 0005062403 00000 n 0005062571 00000 n 0005062739 00000 n 0005062906 00000 n 0005063074 00000 n 0005063241 00000 n 0005063409 00000 n 0005063576 00000 n 0005063743 00000 n 0005063910 00000 n 0005064078 00000 n 0005064246 00000 n 0005064414 00000 n 0005064582 00000 n 0005064750 00000 n 0005064917 00000 n 0005065085 00000 n 0005065252 00000 n 0005065419 00000 n 0005065584 00000 n 0005065751 00000 n 0005065918 00000 n 0005066085 00000 n 0005066253 00000 n 0005066420 00000 n 0005066586 00000 n 0005066752 00000 n 0005066918 00000 n 0005070399 00000 n 0005067083 00000 n 0005061486 00000 n 0005058327 00000 n 0005070567 00000 n 0005070735 00000 n 0005070902 00000 n 0005071069 00000 n 0005071237 00000 n 0005071405 00000 n 0005071572 00000 n 0005071740 00000 n 0005071908 00000 n 0005072074 00000 n 0005072242 00000 n 0005072409 00000 n 0005072577 00000 n 0005072744 00000 n 0005072912 00000 n 0005073079 00000 n 0005073247 00000 n 0005073414 00000 n 0005073582 00000 n 0005073749 00000 n 0005073916 00000 n 0005074083 00000 n 0005074249 00000 n 0005074416 00000 n 0005074582 00000 n 0005074749 00000 n 0005074916 00000 n 0005075082 00000 n 0005075248 00000 n 0005075415 00000 n 0005075581 00000 n 0005075746 00000 n 0005079272 00000 n 0005079440 00000 n 0005075911 00000 n 0005069966 00000 n 0005067178 00000 n 0005406118 00000 n 0005079607 00000 n 0005079774 00000 n 0005079942 00000 n 0005080108 00000 n 0005080275 00000 n 0005080442 00000 n 0005080610 00000 n 0005080778 00000 n 0005080945 00000 n 0005081112 00000 n 0005081280 00000 n 0005081446 00000 n 0005081612 00000 n 0005081779 00000 n 0005081947 00000 n 0005082115 00000 n 0005082281 00000 n 0005082448 00000 n 0005082615 00000 n 0005082783 00000 n 0005082950 00000 n 0005083118 00000 n 0005083286 00000 n 0005083454 00000 n 0005083622 00000 n 0005083789 00000 n 0005083955 00000 n 0005087317 00000 n 0005084183 00000 n 0005078875 00000 n 0005076006 00000 n 0005084121 00000 n 0005087484 00000 n 0005087651 00000 n 0005087819 00000 n 0005087986 00000 n 0005088153 00000 n 0005088321 00000 n 0005088488 00000 n 0005088656 00000 n 0005088824 00000 n 0005088992 00000 n 0005089159 00000 n 0005089327 00000 n 0005089494 00000 n 0005089662 00000 n 0005089829 00000 n 0005089997 00000 n 0005090165 00000 n 0005090333 00000 n 0005090501 00000 n 0005090669 00000 n 0005090837 00000 n 0005091004 00000 n 0005091172 00000 n 0005091340 00000 n 0005091507 00000 n 0005091674 00000 n 0005095709 00000 n 0005091839 00000 n 0005086938 00000 n 0005084278 00000 n 0005095875 00000 n 0005096043 00000 n 0005096209 00000 n 0005096375 00000 n 0005096539 00000 n 0005096706 00000 n 0005096873 00000 n 0005097040 00000 n 0005097207 00000 n 0005097374 00000 n 0005097542 00000 n 0005097709 00000 n 0005097877 00000 n 0005098044 00000 n 0005098212 00000 n 0005098380 00000 n 0005098548 00000 n 0005098716 00000 n 0005098884 00000 n 0005099052 00000 n 0005099215 00000 n 0005099381 00000 n 0005099548 00000 n 0005099715 00000 n 0005099882 00000 n 0005100050 00000 n 0005100218 00000 n 0005100385 00000 n 0005100553 00000 n 0005100720 00000 n 0005100887 00000 n 0005101054 00000 n 0005101222 00000 n 0005101390 00000 n 0005101558 00000 n 0005101723 00000 n 0005101889 00000 n 0005102054 00000 n 0005105247 00000 n 0005102220 00000 n 0005095222 00000 n 0005091934 00000 n 0005105415 00000 n 0005105583 00000 n 0005105751 00000 n 0005105917 00000 n 0005106085 00000 n 0005106253 00000 n 0005106420 00000 n 0005106588 00000 n 0005106755 00000 n 0005106923 00000 n 0005107091 00000 n 0005107257 00000 n 0005107425 00000 n 0005107593 00000 n 0005107761 00000 n 0005107929 00000 n 0005108096 00000 n 0005108264 00000 n 0005108432 00000 n 0005108600 00000 n 0005108767 00000 n 0005108934 00000 n 0005109102 00000 n 0005109270 00000 n 0005109437 00000 n 0005109604 00000 n 0005109772 00000 n 0005109940 00000 n 0005110106 00000 n 0005113815 00000 n 0005110271 00000 n 0005104841 00000 n 0005102315 00000 n 0005113982 00000 n 0005114150 00000 n 0005114317 00000 n 0005114485 00000 n 0005114652 00000 n 0005114820 00000 n 0005114988 00000 n 0005115156 00000 n 0005115322 00000 n 0005115490 00000 n 0005115658 00000 n 0005115825 00000 n 0005115993 00000 n 0005116160 00000 n 0005116327 00000 n 0005116493 00000 n 0005116659 00000 n 0005116827 00000 n 0005116995 00000 n 0005117163 00000 n 0005117331 00000 n 0005117499 00000 n 0005117666 00000 n 0005117834 00000 n 0005118002 00000 n 0005118170 00000 n 0005118337 00000 n 0005118505 00000 n 0005118672 00000 n 0005118840 00000 n 0005119005 00000 n 0005119171 00000 n 0005122855 00000 n 0005119337 00000 n 0005113382 00000 n 0005110354 00000 n 0005123022 00000 n 0005123190 00000 n 0005123357 00000 n 0005123525 00000 n 0005123693 00000 n 0005123861 00000 n 0005124029 00000 n 0005124197 00000 n 0005124365 00000 n 0005124532 00000 n 0005124700 00000 n 0005124868 00000 n 0005125035 00000 n 0005125203 00000 n 0005125371 00000 n 0005125538 00000 n 0005125706 00000 n 0005125874 00000 n 0005126042 00000 n 0005126210 00000 n 0005126376 00000 n 0005126544 00000 n 0005126712 00000 n 0005126880 00000 n 0005127046 00000 n 0005127214 00000 n 0005127382 00000 n 0005127550 00000 n 0005127715 00000 n 0005127883 00000 n 0005128051 00000 n 0005128218 00000 n 0005128384 00000 n 0005128550 00000 n 0005132471 00000 n 0005128778 00000 n 0005122404 00000 n 0005119420 00000 n 0005128714 00000 n 0005406243 00000 n 0005132637 00000 n 0005132805 00000 n 0005132972 00000 n 0005133140 00000 n 0005133307 00000 n 0005133475 00000 n 0005133643 00000 n 0005133810 00000 n 0005133978 00000 n 0005134146 00000 n 0005134313 00000 n 0005134481 00000 n 0005134646 00000 n 0005134812 00000 n 0005134980 00000 n 0005135147 00000 n 0005135315 00000 n 0005135483 00000 n 0005135649 00000 n 0005135817 00000 n 0005135985 00000 n 0005136153 00000 n 0005136320 00000 n 0005136488 00000 n 0005136656 00000 n 0005136823 00000 n 0005136988 00000 n 0005137152 00000 n 0005132083 00000 n 0005128873 00000 n 0005140088 00000 n 0005140256 00000 n 0005140424 00000 n 0005140592 00000 n 0005140760 00000 n 0005140926 00000 n 0005141094 00000 n 0005141262 00000 n 0005141428 00000 n 0005141596 00000 n 0005141764 00000 n 0005141932 00000 n 0005142100 00000 n 0005142268 00000 n 0005142436 00000 n 0005142603 00000 n 0005142770 00000 n 0005142937 00000 n 0005143103 00000 n 0005143270 00000 n 0005143438 00000 n 0005143604 00000 n 0005143770 00000 n 0005143937 00000 n 0005144105 00000 n 0005144272 00000 n 0005144436 00000 n 0005144602 00000 n 0005144768 00000 n 0005139700 00000 n 0005137235 00000 n 0005148439 00000 n 0005148605 00000 n 0005148772 00000 n 0005148940 00000 n 0005149106 00000 n 0005149274 00000 n 0005149442 00000 n 0005149609 00000 n 0005149777 00000 n 0005149945 00000 n 0005150113 00000 n 0005150281 00000 n 0005150448 00000 n 0005150615 00000 n 0005150781 00000 n 0005150949 00000 n 0005151116 00000 n 0005151284 00000 n 0005151450 00000 n 0005151616 00000 n 0005151783 00000 n 0005151950 00000 n 0005152117 00000 n 0005152284 00000 n 0005152451 00000 n 0005152618 00000 n 0005152784 00000 n 0005152950 00000 n 0005153117 00000 n 0005153284 00000 n 0005153450 00000 n 0005153615 00000 n 0005157309 00000 n 0005153842 00000 n 0005148015 00000 n 0005144851 00000 n 0005153779 00000 n 0005157475 00000 n 0005157643 00000 n 0005157811 00000 n 0005157977 00000 n 0005158143 00000 n 0005158309 00000 n 0005158475 00000 n 0005158642 00000 n 0005158808 00000 n 0005158974 00000 n 0005159142 00000 n 0005159310 00000 n 0005159476 00000 n 0005159640 00000 n 0005159805 00000 n 0005159972 00000 n 0005160139 00000 n 0005160306 00000 n 0005160474 00000 n 0005160640 00000 n 0005160808 00000 n 0005160976 00000 n 0005161143 00000 n 0005161311 00000 n 0005161479 00000 n 0005161647 00000 n 0005161815 00000 n 0005161981 00000 n 0005162148 00000 n 0005162316 00000 n 0005162483 00000 n 0005162651 00000 n 0005162819 00000 n 0005162986 00000 n 0005163153 00000 n 0005163320 00000 n 0005163486 00000 n 0005166989 00000 n 0005163652 00000 n 0005156831 00000 n 0005153937 00000 n 0005167156 00000 n 0005167323 00000 n 0005167491 00000 n 0005167657 00000 n 0005167825 00000 n 0005167993 00000 n 0005168160 00000 n 0005168327 00000 n 0005168495 00000 n 0005168663 00000 n 0005168831 00000 n 0005168997 00000 n 0005169162 00000 n 0005169330 00000 n 0005169498 00000 n 0005169666 00000 n 0005169834 00000 n 0005170002 00000 n 0005170170 00000 n 0005170338 00000 n 0005170506 00000 n 0005170674 00000 n 0005170842 00000 n 0005171009 00000 n 0005171176 00000 n 0005171344 00000 n 0005171511 00000 n 0005171677 00000 n 0005171845 00000 n 0005172012 00000 n 0005175804 00000 n 0005172176 00000 n 0005166574 00000 n 0005163747 00000 n 0005175970 00000 n 0005176138 00000 n 0005176305 00000 n 0005176472 00000 n 0005176640 00000 n 0005176808 00000 n 0005176976 00000 n 0005177144 00000 n 0005177312 00000 n 0005177480 00000 n 0005177646 00000 n 0005177814 00000 n 0005177982 00000 n 0005178149 00000 n 0005178316 00000 n 0005178481 00000 n 0005178648 00000 n 0005178814 00000 n 0005178980 00000 n 0005179147 00000 n 0005179314 00000 n 0005179481 00000 n 0005179648 00000 n 0005179811 00000 n 0005179977 00000 n 0005180144 00000 n 0005180311 00000 n 0005180479 00000 n 0005180647 00000 n 0005180813 00000 n 0005180978 00000 n 0005184438 00000 n 0005181144 00000 n 0005175380 00000 n 0005172271 00000 n 0005406368 00000 n 0005184605 00000 n 0005184773 00000 n 0005184939 00000 n 0005185107 00000 n 0005185275 00000 n 0005185443 00000 n 0005185611 00000 n 0005185778 00000 n 0005185945 00000 n 0005186111 00000 n 0005186277 00000 n 0005186443 00000 n 0005186611 00000 n 0005186778 00000 n 0005186943 00000 n 0005187110 00000 n 0005187277 00000 n 0005187445 00000 n 0005187613 00000 n 0005187781 00000 n 0005187949 00000 n 0005188117 00000 n 0005188284 00000 n 0005188450 00000 n 0005188615 00000 n 0005188783 00000 n 0005188950 00000 n 0005192568 00000 n 0005189116 00000 n 0005184050 00000 n 0005181239 00000 n 0005192735 00000 n 0005192903 00000 n 0005193070 00000 n 0005193237 00000 n 0005193404 00000 n 0005193572 00000 n 0005193740 00000 n 0005193905 00000 n 0005194073 00000 n 0005194241 00000 n 0005194408 00000 n 0005194575 00000 n 0005194743 00000 n 0005194911 00000 n 0005195079 00000 n 0005195247 00000 n 0005195414 00000 n 0005195582 00000 n 0005195750 00000 n 0005195918 00000 n 0005196086 00000 n 0005196254 00000 n 0005196421 00000 n 0005196589 00000 n 0005196757 00000 n 0005196925 00000 n 0005197093 00000 n 0005197260 00000 n 0005197427 00000 n 0005197593 00000 n 0005197759 00000 n 0005201569 00000 n 0005197989 00000 n 0005192144 00000 n 0005189211 00000 n 0005197925 00000 n 0005201737 00000 n 0005201902 00000 n 0005202068 00000 n 0005202235 00000 n 0005202403 00000 n 0005202570 00000 n 0005202738 00000 n 0005202906 00000 n 0005203073 00000 n 0005203241 00000 n 0005203409 00000 n 0005203576 00000 n 0005203744 00000 n 0005203912 00000 n 0005204080 00000 n 0005204246 00000 n 0005204414 00000 n 0005204582 00000 n 0005204750 00000 n 0005204918 00000 n 0005205086 00000 n 0005205254 00000 n 0005205422 00000 n 0005205590 00000 n 0005205758 00000 n 0005205926 00000 n 0005206094 00000 n 0005206261 00000 n 0005206427 00000 n 0005209782 00000 n 0005206592 00000 n 0005201163 00000 n 0005198084 00000 n 0005209950 00000 n 0005210118 00000 n 0005210285 00000 n 0005210453 00000 n 0005210621 00000 n 0005210789 00000 n 0005210957 00000 n 0005211124 00000 n 0005211290 00000 n 0005211457 00000 n 0005211625 00000 n 0005211791 00000 n 0005211959 00000 n 0005212127 00000 n 0005212293 00000 n 0005212461 00000 n 0005212628 00000 n 0005212794 00000 n 0005212960 00000 n 0005213126 00000 n 0005213293 00000 n 0005213460 00000 n 0005213627 00000 n 0005213794 00000 n 0005213960 00000 n 0005214126 00000 n 0005214293 00000 n 0005214460 00000 n 0005214627 00000 n 0005214793 00000 n 0005214960 00000 n 0005215127 00000 n 0005215293 00000 n 0005218907 00000 n 0005215459 00000 n 0005209340 00000 n 0005206675 00000 n 0005219075 00000 n 0005219242 00000 n 0005219408 00000 n 0005219576 00000 n 0005219743 00000 n 0005219911 00000 n 0005220079 00000 n 0005220247 00000 n 0005220415 00000 n 0005220583 00000 n 0005220751 00000 n 0005220918 00000 n 0005221086 00000 n 0005221254 00000 n 0005221422 00000 n 0005221590 00000 n 0005221757 00000 n 0005221923 00000 n 0005222091 00000 n 0005222259 00000 n 0005222427 00000 n 0005222594 00000 n 0005222761 00000 n 0005222929 00000 n 0005223096 00000 n 0005223264 00000 n 0005223430 00000 n 0005223595 00000 n 0005227341 00000 n 0005223760 00000 n 0005218510 00000 n 0005215542 00000 n 0005227508 00000 n 0005227673 00000 n 0005227840 00000 n 0005228008 00000 n 0005228176 00000 n 0005228344 00000 n 0005228512 00000 n 0005228680 00000 n 0005228847 00000 n 0005229015 00000 n 0005229183 00000 n 0005229351 00000 n 0005229519 00000 n 0005229686 00000 n 0005229854 00000 n 0005230021 00000 n 0005230189 00000 n 0005230357 00000 n 0005230525 00000 n 0005230691 00000 n 0005230858 00000 n 0005231025 00000 n 0005231190 00000 n 0005231358 00000 n 0005231526 00000 n 0005231693 00000 n 0005231860 00000 n 0005232026 00000 n 0005235364 00000 n 0005232255 00000 n 0005226944 00000 n 0005223843 00000 n 0005232192 00000 n 0005406493 00000 n 0005235532 00000 n 0005235700 00000 n 0005235867 00000 n 0005236035 00000 n 0005236203 00000 n 0005236371 00000 n 0005236539 00000 n 0005236707 00000 n 0005236874 00000 n 0005237040 00000 n 0005237206 00000 n 0005237374 00000 n 0005237541 00000 n 0005237708 00000 n 0005237875 00000 n 0005238042 00000 n 0005238209 00000 n 0005238376 00000 n 0005238544 00000 n 0005238712 00000 n 0005238880 00000 n 0005239047 00000 n 0005239214 00000 n 0005239380 00000 n 0005239548 00000 n 0005239714 00000 n 0005243787 00000 n 0005239879 00000 n 0005234985 00000 n 0005232350 00000 n 0005243954 00000 n 0005244121 00000 n 0005244289 00000 n 0005244457 00000 n 0005244624 00000 n 0005244789 00000 n 0005244955 00000 n 0005245123 00000 n 0005245290 00000 n 0005245457 00000 n 0005245621 00000 n 0005245788 00000 n 0005245955 00000 n 0005246121 00000 n 0005246284 00000 n 0005246451 00000 n 0005246618 00000 n 0005246784 00000 n 0005246951 00000 n 0005247116 00000 n 0005247283 00000 n 0005247449 00000 n 0005247616 00000 n 0005247783 00000 n 0005247951 00000 n 0005248118 00000 n 0005249758 00000 n 0005249925 00000 n 0005250091 00000 n 0005250258 00000 n 0005248284 00000 n 0005243408 00000 n 0005239962 00000 n 0005250425 00000 n 0005250593 00000 n 0005250761 00000 n 0005250929 00000 n 0005251097 00000 n 0005251264 00000 n 0005249541 00000 n 0005248379 00000 n 0005251347 00000 n 0005264429 00000 n 0005410926 00000 n 0005251393 00000 n 0005259745 00000 n 0005259912 00000 n 0005260079 00000 n 0005260246 00000 n 0005260409 00000 n 0005260576 00000 n 0005260743 00000 n 0005260910 00000 n 0005261077 00000 n 0005261248 00000 n 0005261414 00000 n 0005261581 00000 n 0005261749 00000 n 0005261917 00000 n 0005262085 00000 n 0005262253 00000 n 0005262423 00000 n 0005262591 00000 n 0005262759 00000 n 0005262927 00000 n 0005263095 00000 n 0005263262 00000 n 0005263430 00000 n 0005263598 00000 n 0005263767 00000 n 0005263931 00000 n 0005264097 00000 n 0005264263 00000 n 0005274488 00000 n 0005274658 00000 n 0005264492 00000 n 0005259357 00000 n 0005251432 00000 n 0005274824 00000 n 0005274994 00000 n 0005275164 00000 n 0005275334 00000 n 0005275504 00000 n 0005275674 00000 n 0005275844 00000 n 0005276014 00000 n 0005276184 00000 n 0005276354 00000 n 0005276524 00000 n 0005276694 00000 n 0005276863 00000 n 0005277033 00000 n 0005277203 00000 n 0005277372 00000 n 0005277542 00000 n 0005277712 00000 n 0005277882 00000 n 0005278052 00000 n 0005278222 00000 n 0005278392 00000 n 0005278562 00000 n 0005278732 00000 n 0005278901 00000 n 0005279072 00000 n 0005279242 00000 n 0005279412 00000 n 0005274091 00000 n 0005264575 00000 n 0005280044 00000 n 0005279857 00000 n 0005279547 00000 n 0005279981 00000 n 0005406618 00000 n 0005280331 00000 n 0005280207 00000 n 0005280115 00000 n 0005280373 00000 n 0005281041 00000 n 0005410827 00000 n 0005280419 00000 n 0005281104 00000 n 0005280917 00000 n 0005280447 00000 n 0005281391 00000 n 0005281267 00000 n 0005281175 00000 n 0005281433 00000 n 0005285025 00000 n 0005410728 00000 n 0005281479 00000 n 0005284796 00000 n 0005285148 00000 n 0005284651 00000 n 0005281529 00000 n 0005389248 00000 n 0005285257 00000 n 0005289410 00000 n 0005410644 00000 n 0005285303 00000 n 0005288847 00000 n 0005289019 00000 n 0005289237 00000 n 0005289599 00000 n 0005288684 00000 n 0005285358 00000 n 0005289473 00000 n 0005289536 00000 n 0005308496 00000 n 0005294328 00000 n 0005294502 00000 n 0005294862 00000 n 0005294174 00000 n 0005289708 00000 n 0005294674 00000 n 0005294737 00000 n 0005294800 00000 n 0005406743 00000 n 0005298775 00000 n 0005298566 00000 n 0005302962 00000 n 0005303137 00000 n 0005298962 00000 n 0005298421 00000 n 0005294959 00000 n 0005298838 00000 n 0005298901 00000 n 0005303311 00000 n 0005303484 00000 n 0005303846 00000 n 0005302790 00000 n 0005299059 00000 n 0005303657 00000 n 0005303720 00000 n 0005303783 00000 n 0005308020 00000 n 0005308195 00000 n 0005313117 00000 n 0005308559 00000 n 0005307866 00000 n 0005303943 00000 n 0005308370 00000 n 0005308433 00000 n 0005313634 00000 n 0005313808 00000 n 0005314104 00000 n 0005312936 00000 n 0005308656 00000 n 0005313290 00000 n 0005313462 00000 n 0005313979 00000 n 0005314042 00000 n 0005334322 00000 n 0005321879 00000 n 0005330405 00000 n 0005317955 00000 n 0005318255 00000 n 0005317810 00000 n 0005314201 00000 n 0005318129 00000 n 0005318192 00000 n 0005321705 00000 n 0005322067 00000 n 0005321560 00000 n 0005318352 00000 n 0005321942 00000 n 0005322005 00000 n 0005406868 00000 n 0005329628 00000 n 0005329801 00000 n 0005329974 00000 n 0005325857 00000 n 0005325609 00000 n 0005322150 00000 n 0005325733 00000 n 0005325795 00000 n 0005330178 00000 n 0005333889 00000 n 0005330468 00000 n 0005329456 00000 n 0005325954 00000 n 0005334095 00000 n 0005334385 00000 n 0005333735 00000 n 0005330553 00000 n 0005337959 00000 n 0005338250 00000 n 0005337814 00000 n 0005334470 00000 n 0005338187 00000 n 0005340230 00000 n 0005340439 00000 n 0005340085 00000 n 0005338335 00000 n 0005388369 00000 n 0005340536 00000 n 0005340560 00000 n 0005388179 00000 n 0005340733 00000 n 0005340757 00000 n 0005388240 00000 n 0005340930 00000 n 0005340968 00000 n 0005341142 00000 n 0005342132 00000 n 0005359600 00000 n 0005359962 00000 n 0005360537 00000 n 0005385045 00000 n 0005387600 00000 n 0005385403 00000 n 0005386159 00000 n 0005386346 00000 n 0005386417 00000 n 0005386590 00000 n 0005387414 00000 n 0005406993 00000 n 0005407109 00000 n 0005407229 00000 n 0005407349 00000 n 0005407469 00000 n 0005407589 00000 n 0005407709 00000 n 0005407832 00000 n 0005407958 00000 n 0005408084 00000 n 0005408210 00000 n 0005408336 00000 n 0005408462 00000 n 0005408588 00000 n 0005408714 00000 n 0005408840 00000 n 0005408966 00000 n 0005409092 00000 n 0005409218 00000 n 0005409344 00000 n 0005409470 00000 n 0005409596 00000 n 0005409722 00000 n 0005409848 00000 n 0005409965 00000 n 0005410092 00000 n 0005410219 00000 n 0005410346 00000 n 0005410473 00000 n 0005410565 00000 n 0005413178 00000 n 0005413343 00000 n 0005413498 00000 n 0005413652 00000 n 0005413807 00000 n 0005413961 00000 n 0005414116 00000 n 0005414270 00000 n 0005414425 00000 n 0005414577 00000 n 0005414730 00000 n 0005414885 00000 n 0005415039 00000 n 0005415195 00000 n 0005415354 00000 n 0005415515 00000 n 0005415674 00000 n 0005415835 00000 n 0005415994 00000 n 0005416153 00000 n 0005416307 00000 n 0005416468 00000 n 0005416626 00000 n 0005416784 00000 n 0005416945 00000 n 0005417104 00000 n 0005417265 00000 n 0005417424 00000 n 0005417585 00000 n 0005417742 00000 n 0005417903 00000 n 0005418062 00000 n 0005418223 00000 n 0005418381 00000 n 0005418539 00000 n 0005418700 00000 n 0005418858 00000 n 0005419019 00000 n 0005419175 00000 n 0005419336 00000 n 0005419495 00000 n 0005419656 00000 n 0005419815 00000 n 0005419976 00000 n 0005420135 00000 n 0005420295 00000 n 0005420453 00000 n 0005420611 00000 n 0005420772 00000 n 0005420931 00000 n 0005421092 00000 n 0005421251 00000 n 0005421412 00000 n 0005421571 00000 n 0005421731 00000 n 0005421890 00000 n 0005422051 00000 n 0005422205 00000 n 0005422366 00000 n 0005422524 00000 n 0005422682 00000 n 0005422843 00000 n 0005423002 00000 n 0005423163 00000 n 0005423322 00000 n 0005423482 00000 n 0005423641 00000 n 0005423802 00000 n 0005423961 00000 n 0005424122 00000 n 0005424280 00000 n 0005424438 00000 n 0005424598 00000 n 0005424757 00000 n 0005424918 00000 n 0005425074 00000 n 0005425235 00000 n 0005425394 00000 n 0005425555 00000 n 0005425714 00000 n 0005425875 00000 n 0005426033 00000 n 0005426194 00000 n 0005426352 00000 n 0005426509 00000 n 0005426670 00000 n 0005426828 00000 n 0005426989 00000 n 0005427148 00000 n 0005427309 00000 n 0005427467 00000 n 0005427627 00000 n 0005427786 00000 n 0005427947 00000 n 0005428101 00000 n 0005428262 00000 n 0005428420 00000 n 0005428578 00000 n 0005428739 00000 n 0005428898 00000 n 0005429059 00000 n 0005429213 00000 n 0005429359 00000 n 0005429506 00000 n 0005429652 00000 n 0005429799 00000 n 0005429945 00000 n 0005430092 00000 n 0005430236 00000 n 0005430385 00000 n 0005430539 00000 n 0005430701 00000 n 0005430875 00000 n 0005431054 00000 n 0005431230 00000 n 0005431405 00000 n 0005431582 00000 n 0005431759 00000 n 0005431932 00000 n 0005432109 00000 n 0005432285 00000 n 0005432456 00000 n 0005432633 00000 n 0005432806 00000 n 0005432974 00000 n 0005433145 00000 n 0005433352 00000 n 0005433569 00000 n 0005433785 00000 n 0005433996 00000 n 0005434109 00000 n 0005434225 00000 n 0005434337 00000 n 0005434449 00000 n 0005434561 00000 n 0005434673 00000 n 0005434785 00000 n 0005434897 00000 n 0005435009 00000 n 0005435121 00000 n 0005435232 00000 n 0005435344 00000 n 0005435456 00000 n 0005435568 00000 n 0005435679 00000 n 0005435791 00000 n 0005435903 00000 n 0005436014 00000 n 0005436125 00000 n 0005436240 00000 n 0005436355 00000 n 0005436474 00000 n 0005436580 00000 n 0005436696 00000 n 0005436808 00000 n 0005436920 00000 n 0005437020 00000 n 0005437123 00000 n 0005437163 00000 n 0005437253 00000 n trailer << /Size 5442 /Root 5440 0 R /Info 5441 0 R /ID [ ] >> startxref 5437602 %%EOF