summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorRoger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>2025-10-14 20:00:32 -0700
committerRoger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>2025-10-14 20:00:32 -0700
commit1a117bd78bfa99945a9b8eed49b7d5ba97137a34 (patch)
tree039a19d76dbc7afa436e2fe251f448f143a49ec6
initial commit of ebook 33946HEADmain
-rw-r--r--.gitattributes3
-rw-r--r--33946-h.zipbin0 -> 70588 bytes
-rw-r--r--33946-h/33946-h.htm1487
-rw-r--r--33946-h/images/i001.jpgbin0 -> 15865 bytes
-rw-r--r--33946-h/images/i003a.jpgbin0 -> 14192 bytes
-rw-r--r--33946-h/images/i003b.jpgbin0 -> 10982 bytes
-rw-r--r--33946-h/images/i029.jpgbin0 -> 12922 bytes
-rw-r--r--33946.txt1064
-rw-r--r--33946.zipbin0 -> 19467 bytes
-rw-r--r--LICENSE.txt11
-rw-r--r--README.md2
11 files changed, 2567 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6833f05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+* text=auto
+*.txt text
+*.md text
diff --git a/33946-h.zip b/33946-h.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9be6f2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/33946-h.zip
Binary files differ
diff --git a/33946-h/33946-h.htm b/33946-h/33946-h.htm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b192ec6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/33946-h/33946-h.htm
@@ -0,0 +1,1487 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<!-- $Id: header.txt 236 2009-12-07 18:57:00Z vlsimpson $ -->
+
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
+ <head>
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" />
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
+ <title>
+ The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Stiptick For A Bleeding Nation, by Unknown Author.
+ </title>
+ <style type="text/css">
+
+body {
+ margin-left: 10%;
+ margin-right: 10%;
+}
+
+ h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {
+ text-align: center; /* all headings centered */
+ clear: both;
+}
+
+p {
+ margin-top: .75em;
+ text-align: justify;
+ margin-bottom: .75em;
+ text-indent: 1em;
+}
+
+hr {
+ width: 33%;
+ margin-top: 2em;
+ margin-bottom: 2em;
+ margin-left: auto;
+ margin-right: auto;
+ clear: both;
+}
+
+.hr2
+{
+ width: 90%;
+ max-width: 32em;
+ color: white;
+ background-color: white;
+ border: none;
+ border-bottom: 6px double black;
+ margin: 2em auto;
+}
+
+table {
+ margin-left: auto;
+ margin-right: auto;
+}
+
+.pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */
+ /* visibility: hidden; */
+ position: absolute;
+ left: 92%;
+ font-size: smaller;
+ text-align: right;
+} /* page numbers */
+
+.blockquote {
+ margin-left: 5%;
+ margin-right: 10%;
+}
+
+.center {text-align: center;
+ text-indent: 0em;}
+
+.smcap {font-variant: small-caps;}
+
+.figcenter {
+ margin: auto;
+ text-align: center;
+}
+
+img.cap { float:left;
+ margin: 0 0.25em 0 0;
+ position:relative; }
+p.cap_1 { text-indent: 0em; }
+div.drop p { margin-bottom:0; }
+
+div.tnote {
+ border-style: dotted;
+ margin-left: 10%;
+ margin-right: 10%;
+ padding: 1em;
+ font-style: normal;
+ text-align: justify;
+ background-color: #f6f2f2;
+}
+
+td.cash {text-align: right;
+ padding-left: 2em; }
+
+ </style>
+ </head>
+<body>
+
+
+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Stiptick for a Bleeding Nation, by Unknown
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: A Stiptick for a Bleeding Nation
+ A safe and speedy way to restore publick credit, and pay
+ the national debts
+
+Author: Unknown
+
+Release Date: October 4, 2010 [EBook #33946]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A STIPTICK FOR A BLEEDING NATION ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Ernest Schaal and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<p class="center">A</p>
+
+<h1>STIPTICK</h1>
+
+<p class="center">FOR A</p>
+
+<h1><i>Bleeding Nation</i>.</h1>
+
+<p class="center">OR,</p>
+
+<h2>A Safe and Speedy <span class="smcap">Way</span><br />
+to Restore <i>Publick Credit</i>, and<br />
+Pay the <i>National</i> <span class="smcap">Debts</span>.</h2>
+
+<hr />
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 130px;">
+<img src="images/i001.jpg" width="130" height="100" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h3><i>LONDON</i>:</h3>
+
+<h3>Printed for <span class="smcap">J. Roberts</span>, near the<br />
+<i>Oxford-Arms</i> in <i>Warwick-Lane</i>. 1721.
+</h3>
+
+<hr class="hr2"/>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 1]</span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 175px;">
+<img src="images/i003a.jpg" width="175" height="69" alt="" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p class="center">A</p>
+
+<h2>STIPTICK</h2>
+
+<p class="center">FOR A</p>
+
+<h2><i>Bleeding Nation</i>.</h2>
+
+<p class="center">OR,</p>
+
+<h3>A Safe and Speedy <span class="smcap">Way</span> to Restore<br />
+<i>Publick Credit</i>, and Pay the <i>National</i><br />
+<span class="smcap">Debts</span>.</h3>
+
+<div class="drop">
+<img src="images/i003b.jpg" alt="D" width="75" height="75" class="cap" />
+<p class="cap_1">O but a little consider, and
+you will soon find, <i>Pride</i> and
+<i>Luxury</i>, <i>Corruption</i> and <i>Bribery</i>,
+are the greatest Causes
+of our present Calamities;
+and if you do not discourage
+the Two first, and punish the Two last Evils,
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 2]</span>
+we shall speedily come to Destruction,
+and God will blast all our Endeavours.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p>The lively Instance of late, proves to us
+the <i>Ruin</i> those Evils carry with them: And
+is there not one good Man, that dares
+to stem the Tide that is come in upon us,
+and save us from being drown'd?</p>
+
+<p>Is there not one Man that has <i>Honesty</i>, <i>Interest</i>
+or <i>Ability</i>, to put in Practice what is so
+necessary to <i>preserve</i> their Country?</p>
+
+<p>Let us shake off then those plaguy Sores
+that corrupt our <i>Vitals</i>; and if we intend
+to be a Happy and Flourishing People, we
+must promote <i>Piety</i>, which admits of no
+Corruption; <i>Honesty</i>, that listens to no
+Temptation; <i>Sincerity</i>, which never deceives
+his Neighbour; <i>Sobriety</i> is the Way to Honour,
+and <i>Industry</i> brings Riches, which Frugality
+preserves: He therefore that desires
+to be <i>truly Great</i>, must possess these Virtues,
+and prefer <i>Publick</i> to <i>Private Interest</i>.</p>
+
+<p>What is the Reason that all Inferior Places
+of Profit and Trust are <i>bought</i> and
+<i>sold</i>, and true Merit wants its <i>Reward</i>? Is
+it not because the <i>Devil</i>, when bought,
+will be sold?</p>
+
+<p>Are not our Exports of <i>Bullion</i> so great,
+that, as fast as it arrives, it goes away?
+Which the Publick Entries every Week demonstrate.
+And were it not for the daily
+Supplies from <i>Portugal</i>, we should have
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 3]</span>
+nothing but our own <i>Specie</i> to answer all
+Demands.</p>
+
+<p>It is obvious, that One Single Corporation
+has put us into this Confusion: And
+will the <i>Government</i> again trust to <i>that</i>, or
+any other? I should not desire a Friend of
+mind to be the <i>Adviser</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Can all the Corporations in <i>London</i>, put
+together, be so well depended upon, as the
+<i>Exchequer</i>; which is supported by the <i>Government</i>,
+who are able and willing to make
+good all their own Contracts, but are not
+answerable for the Losses of any Corporation;
+all being oblig'd to sit down and be
+content with their own?</p>
+
+<p>Can any Corporation desire more, than
+that the <i>Government</i> compel their own Members,
+and their Estates, to make good to answer
+for their <i>Mismanagement</i>?</p>
+
+<p>Separate then the <i>Standers-by</i> from the
+<i>Gamesters</i>, and let the Unconcern'd declare
+their Opinion, Whether, in all Corporations,
+the <i>Directors</i> have not an unknown
+Advantage over all the other Members?
+Is it so in the <i>Exchequer</i>?</p>
+
+<p>Tell me then, why a Hundred Pound
+in a Corporation, is more valuable than
+a Hundred in the <i>Exchequer</i>? Is it not because
+you can part with your Property
+with much more Ease by way of <i>Transfer</i> in
+<i>London</i>? Which is not practis'd at the <i>Exchequer</i>:
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 4]</span>
+Besides, the <i>Transferring</i> is near at
+Hand.</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Directors</i> of any Corporation, if not
+truly <i>honest</i>, may impose at all Times upon
+the rest of the <i>Proprietors</i>, by making a
+Dividend above the intrinsick Value of the
+Nett Produce of <i>Profit</i>; and the <i>Legislature</i>
+would do well to provide against such
+Practices for the future.</p>
+
+<p>If due Encouragement was given for the
+Importation of <i>Iron</i>, <i>Hemp</i>, <i>Pitch</i> and <i>Tar</i>,
+from our own <i>Plantations</i>, the Export of
+a great deal of our <i>Bullion</i> would be sav'd,
+our <i>Colonies</i> encourag'd, and we should be
+then able to supply the <i>Dutch</i>, <i>French</i>,
+<i>Spaniard</i>, <i>Italian</i> and <i>Portugueze</i> with Iron,
+and bring in Two Hundred Thousand
+Pounds <i>per Ann.</i> Balance of Trade.</p>
+
+<p>If the <i>South-Sea</i> Company would trade
+to our own Islands, <i>viz.</i> the <i>Bahama</i>, and to
+<i>Carolina</i>; that Trade alone would bring
+them in Five Hundred Thousand Pounds <i>per
+Ann.</i> and with a small Expence, if well
+manag'd.</p>
+
+<hr class="hr2"/>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 5]</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">A</p>
+
+<h2>PROPOSAL</h2>
+
+<h3>To Restore <i>Publick Credit</i>, and Pay<br />
+the <i>Nation</i>'s <span class="smcap">Debts</span>.</h3>
+
+
+<blockquote><p>I. <i>That the</i> South-Sea <i>Company be put in
+</i> Statu quo; <i>and if the Estates of the
+late</i> Directors, <i>their Aiders and Abettors
+will not do it, the</i> Government <i>to
+make up what is wanting.</i></p>
+
+<p>II. <i>That the</i> Subscriptions <i>at</i> Three Hundred,
+Four Hundred, Eight Hundred,
+<i>and a</i> Thousand, <i>be all paid into the</i>
+Exchequer <i>at</i> Two Hundred<i>, and there
+to have a Credit for</i> One Hundred<i>;
+for which the</i> Government <i>is to pay Ten
+</i> per Cent. <i>until the</i> One Hundred <i>shall be
+paid off: And that those who have
+not paid full</i> Two Hundred<i>, do make
+up that Sum within the Time limited
+by the late</i> Directors<i>.</i></p>
+
+<p>III. <i>That a Proper Place in</i> London <i>be
+appointed to keep a</i> Book<i>, wherein each
+Person may be made</i> Debtor <i>and</i> Creditor;
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 6]</span>
+<i>and a Duplicate of such</i> Book<i>
+to remain in the</i> Exchequer<i>. And that
+there may be a</i> Book<i>, wherein every
+Person may</i> transfer <i>their Property.</i></p>
+
+<p>IV. <i>The Debt of</i> Seven Millions, Five
+Hundred Thousand Pounds<i>, being forgiven
+the</i> South-Sea <i>Company, and they
+put in</i> Statu quo <i>by the</i> Government<i>;
+the</i> Nation <i>will stand</i> Debtor <i>and</i> Creditor<i>
+as followeth:</i> Viz.</p></blockquote>
+
+<table summary="Debtor - Creditor">
+<tr><td colspan="2" class="center"><span class="smcap">Nation</span> Debtor.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><i>To</i> South-Sea <i>Company</i>,</td><td class="cash">11,746,384</td></tr>
+<tr><td><i>To Money-Subscribers</i>,</td><td class="cash"> 20,004,000</td></tr>
+<tr><td><i>To Redeemable Debts</i>,</td><td class="cash">13,886,486</td></tr>
+<tr><td><i>To Unredeemable Debts</i>,</td><td class="cash">12,070,343</td></tr>
+<tr><td><i>To Interest</i>,</td><td class="cash"> __________</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2" class="center"><span class="smcap">Nation</span> Creditor.</td></tr>
+<tr><td><i>By a Moiety of the Money-Subscribers</i>,</td><td class="cash">10,002,000</td></tr>
+<tr><td><i>By</i> Ditto <i>Redeemable Debts</i>,</td><td class="cash">6,993,247</td></tr>
+<tr><td><i>By</i> Ditto <i>Unredeemable Debts</i>,</td><td class="cash">6,035,178</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td class="cash">__________</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td class="cash">23,030,425</td></tr>
+</table>
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 7]</span>The <i>Government</i> is only to pay Ten <i>per
+Cent.</i> for the Sum of <i>Twenty Three Millions,
+Thirty Thousand, Four Hundred Twenty
+Five Pounds</i>. The <i>South-Sea</i> Company being
+in <i>Statu quo</i>, are to receive an Interest
+as the <i>Act</i> directed before the last <i>Settlement</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The other Moiety will enable the <i>Government</i>
+to make good the <i>Deficiency</i> (if
+any) to the <i>South-Sea</i> Company, to forgive
+them the <i>Seven Millions, Five Hundred
+Thousand Pounds</i>, pay the <i>Interest</i> due from
+the <i>Government</i> and clear a great Part of
+the <i>Principal Debt</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Scheme</i>, as before-mention'd, will restore
+our <i>Credit</i>, and pay Part of our <i>Debt</i>;
+but if we intend to pay the Remainder, we
+must endeavour to be at a <i>Par</i> with our
+Neighbours in Trade: And if they outdo
+us in Policy therein, and we do not strive
+to follow their <i>Methods</i>, we must expect in
+the End to be the Losers, and never to have
+a Balance.</p>
+
+<p>We ought to consult those Methods that
+will increase our <i>Exports</i>, and lessen the <i>Importation</i>
+of such Goods as takes away our
+<i>Bullion</i>, and prevent our <i>Coin</i> from being
+exported, in the best Manner we can.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>Now, Sir, you having consider'd the
+<i>Proposal</i>, and what has been previously
+maintain'd give me Leave to ask you a
+few Questions: <i>Viz.</i></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 8]</span>1. Whether the Corporation of the <i>South-Sea</i>
+Company, if they could be sure that
+the <i>Government</i> would forgive them the
+Debt of <i>Seven Millions, Five Hundred
+Thousand Pounds</i>, and put them in <i>Statu
+quo</i>, (that is, in the Condition they were
+in when Stock was at <i>One Hundred Twenty
+Five</i>) would not they readily embrace the
+<i>Offer</i>?</p>
+
+<p>2. Whether either the <i>South-Sea</i> Company,
+the Bank of <i>England</i>, or the <i>East-India</i>
+Company, desire the <i>Ingraftment</i> propos'd
+by Parliament?</p>
+
+<p>3. Whether a more equal Distribution
+of <i>Loss</i> can be made, to please all Parties,
+especially the major Part; or who will be
+the greatest <i>Loser</i> by the <i>Proposal</i> herein
+mention'd?</p>
+
+<p>One great Calamity is the Loss of <i>Paper
+Credit</i>, on which our <i>Trade</i> chiefly depended:
+We find already a great Decay, which
+will soon be more apparent. We have indeed
+at present too little <i>Cash</i>, and too little
+<i>Credit</i>, to support <i>Trade</i>; and if we
+do not take other <i>Methods</i> than what has
+been yet practis'd, it will be entirely lost.</p>
+
+<p>It is the Prudence of a <i>Government</i>, to
+establish <i>Credit</i> on the most solid Foundation;
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 9]</span>
+and what can be so solid as a <i>Parliamentary
+Security</i>? Will the <i>Government</i> be
+trusted with any future Loans, if their
+Debts are settled upon a <i>precarious Bottom</i>?
+And are <i>Corporation-Pillars</i> a good Foundation?</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Method</i> already propos'd, is seemingly
+calculated for the Service of <i>Stock-Jobbing</i>,
+and a Parcel of <i>I know not who</i>,
+(<i>Sharpers</i>,) to reap the Benefit of it:
+And if so, the <i>Nation</i> will be utterly ruin'd.
+For God's Sake, then, let us not run
+any more <i>Hazards</i>, but prudently take
+such <i>Measures</i> as are most safe and advantageous.</p>
+
+<p>If the <i>Government</i> will forgive the <i>South-Sea</i>
+Company the Debt of <i>Seven Millions,
+Five Hundred Thousand Pounds</i>, and put
+them in <i>Statu quo</i>; they ought to sit
+down contented, and be easy and thankful.</p>
+
+<p>If the present <i>Scheme</i> gives the Subscribers
+but <i>Twenty Five Pounds</i> Capital Stock
+for a <i>Hundred</i>, and the <i>Government</i> will
+give such Subscribers <i>Fifty Pounds</i> for a
+<i>Hundred</i>, I hope they will have no Reason
+to complain.</p>
+
+<p>For should the <i>Subscriptions</i> be ty'd down
+to <i>Four Hundred</i>, Thousands of Families
+will be ruin'd.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 10]</span>
+If we consider the Debt we owe to <i>Foreigners</i>,
+and how they, on the <i>Advance
+of Stocks</i>, drain us of our Money; we
+shall find it very dangerous to suffer <i>Stocks</i>
+to be sold above the intrinsick Value.</p>
+
+<p>If Common Interest be reduc'd to Four
+<i>per Cent.</i> as was intended; what <i>Proprietor</i>
+can say he shall be a Loser? Setting
+aside the <i>Subscriptions</i> and <i>Stock</i>, bought
+and sold at extravagant Prices; which is
+impossible to redress, without making a far
+greater Number of Sufferers.</p>
+
+<p>Will the <i>Proposal</i> of Tying down the
+<i>Subscribers</i> at <i>Four Hundred</i>, give a
+greater Interest than Ten <i>per Cent.</i> for
+the Capital? And what will the Capital
+be, when paid off? Will that be more than
+<i>Twenty Five Pounds</i> for a <i>Hundred</i>? Does
+not this <i>Proposal</i> give <i>Fifty Pounds</i> for <i>One
+Hundred</i>, with a double Advantage to all;
+and at the same Time pays a great Part of
+our Debt, and settles our Credit on a solid
+Foundation?</p>
+
+<p>A Nation cannot flourish without <i>Virtue</i>;
+nor <i>Virtue</i> without <i>good Conscience</i>.
+Sudden Ways of <i>growing rich</i>, must be
+ruinous to the <i>Publick</i>: There are of late
+those who have too suddenly got vast Estates,
+and others as soon stripp'd of great Fortunes.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 11]</span>
+<i>Industry</i> is therefore the true natural Way
+to Wealth, as <i>Idleness</i> is to Poverty. Riches
+cannot be honestly got without <i>Industry</i>,
+therefore it ought to be encourag'd, and
+all <i>idle Persons</i> made to work; and such as
+will not work, ought to be serv'd as they
+are in <i>Holland</i>, that is, exercis'd with the
+<i>Pump</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Has not the easy Way of getting Money
+prevented the <i>South-Sea</i> Company from
+Carrying on <i>their Trade</i>, and the <i>Fishery</i>,
+that Noble and Profitable Branch; which
+if they would heartily set their Shoulders
+to, they might increase their Stock a Hundred
+<i>per Cent.</i> and not set it above its intrinsick
+Value? And our <i>Poor</i> being very
+numerous, all of 'em may be provided for
+that way.</p>
+
+<p>Our <i>Trade</i> has decay'd ever since we
+have promoted <i>Stock-Jobbing</i>, that easy
+Way of getting Money: Our <i>Manufactories</i>
+have diminish'd; which have increas'd
+our <i>Poor</i>, and lessen'd our <i>Imports</i> and <i>Exports</i>;
+and the King, in Time, will lose
+his <i>Customs</i>.</p>
+
+<p>I shall offer some few Heads, necessary
+to promote <i>Trade</i>, and to put us in a
+Way speedily to pay our <i>Debts</i>, and prevent
+<i>Stock-Jobbing</i>, or else <i>Trade</i> can never
+flourish.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 12]</span>
+We must <i>Recoin</i> our Money, and make
+the <i>Agio</i> so large, as will prevent its
+being exported; and thereby hinder the
+<i>East-India</i> Company from purchasing <i>Bullion</i>
+in <i>Holland</i>: For if they are suffer'd to
+buy <i>Bullion</i> there, we had better by the
+Half give them free Liberty to export our
+Coin, unless the <i>Exchange</i> is Eight <i>per Cent.</i>
+in our Favour, (which is now so much to
+the contrary) we shall at all Times be
+Losers. By which it appears, how great
+Losers we are at present, by not making
+our Coin of a Value, as it may be exported
+without Damage to the Nation.</p>
+
+<p>Our <i>Government</i> may have <i>Bullion</i> in
+Plenty, if they will be the Merchant for
+that Commodity, and give but a small
+Matter more for it than our Neighbours;
+which we may very well afford to do, if
+we settle a like <i>Agio</i>.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>One great Help to <i>Trade</i> in the Nation,
+would be to have <i>Sixpences</i> (nay, even
+<i>Shillings</i>) coined with a much greater Allay
+than our present Coin; as also <i>Groats</i>,
+<i>Three-pences</i>, and <i>Twopenny Pieces</i>: The
+Government would receive such a Benefit
+thereby, as cannot be well here express'd.
+And I dare answer to find a <i>Method</i>, with
+fine Copper so intermix'd with Silver, that
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 13]</span>
+it shall not be worth any Person's Time,
+Trouble and Hazard, to counterfeit it.</p>
+
+<p>Our Silver being coined with so great an
+<i>Allay</i> as will prevent its being exported,
+will in a short Time cause a Currency of
+<i>Cash</i>: The <i>Gentry</i> will not hoard it; whereby
+<i>Traders</i> will be better paid, and our
+<i>Manufactures</i> encourag'd, and carry'd on
+to a greater Degree.</p>
+
+<p>I remember when there was a great deal
+of <i>Clipt</i> and <i>Counterfeit Money</i>, and very
+Plenty of both, that every one that had
+either a Counterfeit Piece, or Money that
+was cut very small, always studied what to
+<i>buy</i> with it, that they might pass the one
+away, or part with the other.</p>
+
+<p>The Difference to the <i>East-India</i> Company,
+in buying <i>Bullion</i>, or <i>Pieces of Eight</i>,
+in <i>Holland</i>, is Seven or Eight <i>per Cent.</i>
+more than what it stands them in when
+they can be supply'd with it at Home; and
+if they were prohibited the <i>Exportation</i> of
+<i>Bullion</i> from <i>Foreign Countries</i>, and suffer'd
+to export our own <i>Coin</i>, or such Ingots as
+shall have the <i>Tower-Mark</i>, our <i>Government</i>
+would have the Advantage which the
+<i>Dutch</i> now gain, and no Loss to the <i>East-India</i>
+Company. For it will be then equally
+the same to them, whether they export it
+from hence, or from <i>Holland</i>, to <i>India</i>.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 14]</span>
+There is no other Way of preventing
+our <i>Bullion</i> and <i>Silver</i> being carry'd out of
+the Land, but by the Prohibition of the
+one, by paying a Difference to the <i>Government</i>;
+<i>viz.</i> such a Difference as comes
+pretty near to what is lost by <i>Remittances</i>;
+and suffering the other (<i>viz.</i> our <i>Crowns</i>
+and <i>Half-Crown Pieces</i>, coin'd with a proportionable
+Allay) to be exported. All
+which would help to pay off the <i>Nation's
+Debts</i>, and make us a Flourishing People.</p>
+
+<p>Our <i>Half-Crowns</i> and <i>Crowns</i> being recoined
+to such a Standard, I say, would be
+of equal Advantage to the <i>East-India</i> Company,
+whether they exported <i>Bullion</i> or
+<i>Pieces of Eight</i>, from hence or from <i>Holland</i>:
+For by the Bank of <i>Holland</i>, or
+rather <i>Amsterdam</i>, all <i>Exchanges</i> are chiefly
+govern'd; and as the <i>Hollanders</i> are the
+nearest concern'd with us in <i>Trade</i>, so by
+them we are to regulate and proportion
+the Difference between our <i>Bank-Money</i>
+and our Current Cash.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>The Bank of <i>England</i> is establish'd upon
+the Standard of our present <i>Coin</i>: Let
+it so remain, till the <i>Government</i> sees fit
+to alter, or pay them off; and let <i>Bills of
+Exchange</i> be paid <i>in Banco</i>, or, if they so
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 15]</span>
+please, in Current Cash; the Difference or
+<i>Agio</i> to be allow'd in like manner as they
+do in <i>Holland</i>.</p>
+
+<p>There has been a considerable Profit
+made, by <i>Melting down</i> and <i>Exporting</i> our
+own Coin; and there will always be those
+that will do it, tho' punish'd with Death,
+as in <i>Portugal</i>. And where there is a
+great Loss in Melting down, or Exporting
+the <i>Current Coin</i>, tho' there is no <i>Penalty</i>,
+the Money will be preserv'd; as in
+<i>Holland</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Let the Merchant have a <i>Profit</i> in
+carrying Gold and Silver to the <i>Mint</i> to
+be coined, or there will little or none go
+there: But if the Merchant finds a <i>Profit</i>
+(tho' small) in the Coinage, there will
+be great Quantities coined.</p>
+
+<p>That they who act with the greatest
+<i>Prudence</i> and <i>Honour</i>, and have most Money,
+will always have most Credit; this
+needs no Proof.</p>
+
+<p>While our <i>Money</i>, which is the Blood
+of the <i>Body Politick</i>, is suffer'd to run out,
+and there is no Supply, all <i>Projects</i> for
+restoring <i>Credit</i>, and keeping up the Spirits
+of the <i>People</i>, will prove abortive.
+<i>Trade</i>, and the Noblest Undertakings for
+Employing the <i>Poor</i>, must be at a full
+Stop, if Money be wanting to carry
+them on.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 16]</span>
+'Tis certain, that until we have a greater
+Plenty of Money, <i>Trade</i> and all other Business
+must be assisted with <i>Paper Credit</i>;
+and if it does not receive Voluntary Credit,
+it will never be made by Force. And
+if our Affairs are rightly managed, our
+Estates are doubled, and secur'd; if not,
+the best Estates will soon be worth nothing.</p>
+
+<p>That <i>Paper Credit</i> may have an immediate
+Currency, it is necessary for the <i>Exchequer</i>
+to issue out as many <i>Notes</i> as they
+shall be able to circulate, with a <i>Tax</i> of a
+<i>Guinea</i> on every <i>Transfer</i>; the one Half
+to be paid by the <i>Buyer</i>, and the other by
+the <i>Seller</i>.</p>
+
+<p>That those <i>Bills</i> be to discharge the
+Debts due and owing by the <i>Government</i>:
+And that the said <i>Bills</i> be circulated in
+<i>London</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Some make a mighty Noise, that if our
+<i>Coin</i> be raised, <i>Foreigners</i> will not take it.
+I answer, For that Reason we ought to
+raise it. If we are to pay <i>Foreigners</i> any
+Thing upon the Balance of an Accompt,
+we ought to pay them as near as we can in
+their own Coin.</p>
+
+<p>That no Person (under severe <i>Penalty</i>)
+presume to raise the <i>Price</i> of any Thing,
+on Account of the Alteration of the <i>Coin</i>;
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 17]</span>
+otherwise the <i>Name</i> is only alter'd, and
+not the <i>Value</i> of our Coin: There being
+as much Reason for the <i>Parliament</i> to put
+a <i>Value</i> thereon, as for a <i>Goldsmith</i> to do it
+on wrought Plate.</p>
+
+<p>But the first Care to be taken, is, How
+the <i>Nation</i> may prevent any Advance in
+<i>South-Sea</i> Stock above what it was before;
+so that <i>Foreigners</i> concern'd may not receive
+a <i>greater Principal</i> than a Hundred
+Pound, and Five <i>per Cent.</i> as they did before
+this unhappy <i>Ingraftment</i>: For the
+Stock, by the said <i>Ingraftment</i>, will be of
+such a Magnitude, that a Hundred <i>per
+Cent.</i> Advance will, in all Probability, give
+the Strangers such a Capital, as will amount
+to more than the whole <i>Cash</i> of
+the Kingdom.</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Foreigners</i> have taken an Alarm
+since our late <i>unhappy Mismanagement</i>;
+and are only waiting for some <i>New Project</i>,
+to sell out, and strip us entirely: So
+that if we will consider our own <i>Preservation</i>,
+we must rather <i>depretiate</i> our Stocks,
+than seek Means to <i>augment</i> them.</p>
+
+<p>It is a receiv'd Maxim, <i>Salus Populi Suprema
+Lex esto</i>: This I take to be meant
+of the <i>whole Body</i>, not of some Parts of
+the <i>People</i>. And tho' <i>Thousands</i> may suffer,
+yet it is a receiv'd Rule, That the
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 18]</span>
+<i>Whole</i> is first to be consider'd, when it
+comes in Competition with any <i>Parts</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Therefore, in our present Case, the <i>Whole</i>
+is to be consider'd; and the <i>Preservation</i>
+of that, is to weigh down against all the
+Hardships that may happen to <i>Particulars</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Now, if this Maxim stands good, it is
+the Obligation of every true Lover of his
+<i>Country</i>, to have that in View; and not,
+from a Regard to <i>Particulars</i>, run the Hazard
+of sacrificing the <i>Whole</i>. Their <i>Misfortunes</i>
+ought to have no Weight, nor any
+<i>Contrivance</i> to ease them, prevail, in Balance
+with our <i>Country</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Our late <i>Project</i>, if it could have been
+held up, would have created such a <i>Luxury</i>,
+that that very Thing alone would have
+undone the <i>Nation</i>, and would have sunk
+us; tho' not with such a <i>Rapidity</i>, as the
+Way which we have now in some measure
+escap'd.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>The <i>Matter</i> standing in this Light, the
+only View is the <i>Benefit</i> of our <i>Country</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Body Politick</i> is very weak, and requires
+an honest and able <i>Physician</i>; and
+where to find him, is the only Thing in
+Question.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 19]</span>
+Let us consider, whether this design'd
+<i>Ingraftment</i> of <i>Nine Millions</i> into the <i>Bank</i>,
+and <i>Nine Millions</i> into the <i>East-India</i> Company,
+will prove any real Benefit to the
+<i>Nation</i> as a <i>Nation</i>? No surely, that cannot
+be pretended; but only, that they making
+greater Dividends, may be of Service
+to <i>Individuals</i>; and yet that is much to be
+doubted.</p>
+
+<p>For as to the <i>Bank</i>, the Capital was too
+big before to render any great <i>Advance</i>:
+And had it not been for a new Practice,
+first begun by the <i>South-Sea</i> Company, of
+Lending Money on their <i>Stock</i>; had it not
+been, I say, for their imitating (tho' with
+Caution) that <i>infamous Practice</i>, their Dividends
+would have been reduc'd to <i>Seven
+per Cent.</i> or under.</p>
+
+<p>And for the <i>East-India</i> Company, their
+<i>Trade</i> is so far extended, especially at this
+Juncture, when they are forc'd to <i>over-trade</i>
+themselves, in order to ruin the <i>Ostenders</i>,
+that it's look'd on already as a
+<i>Grievance</i>: And yet by adding <i>Nine Millions</i>,
+they must divide <i>Four Hundred and
+Fifty Thousand Pounds</i> Profit more than
+before. And notwithstanding their <i>Trade</i>
+(as I said before) was then a <i>Grievance</i>;
+to what an Extension must it be driven
+now, to <i>divide</i> such a Profit; when hitherto
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 20]</span>
+they never <i>divided</i> above <i>One Hundred
+and Sixty Thousand Pounds</i> a Year
+Profit?</p>
+
+<p>But will it not be a Second <i>Injustice</i> to
+the <i>Annuitants</i>, after so great a <i>Diminution</i>
+of their Estates, to have <i>Two Thirds</i> of it
+<i>ingrafted</i> on a <i>precarious Bottom</i>? All
+Stocks having been suffer'd to divide above
+the Value of the <i>Nett Produce</i> of their Capital;
+a sure Way to distress <i>Trade</i>: Especially
+when Corporations are suffer'd to
+issue out <i>Bonds</i>, without Trading with the
+<i>Money</i>, but purely to advance their <i>Stock</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The <i>Two Ingraftments</i> are brought in,
+in order to help the <i>Proprietors</i>, by Advantages
+of <i>Dividends</i>, to a greater Income
+than the Stock could make, if retain'd in
+the <i>South-Sea</i>; and so to raise the Nominal
+Price of Stock. Whether it will do
+the former, is a Doubt; but if so, the
+Stock had better been kept where it was;
+and if the latter, it will be only a <i>New
+Bubble</i>, to ruin us.</p>
+
+<p>Neither the <i>Bank</i>, nor the <i>East-India</i>
+Company, seem fond of the Project of this
+<i>Ingraftment</i>; and nothing can be argued,
+but that Something must be done, at least
+to amuse People with <i>vain Hopes</i>: Whereas,
+the true Interest of our <i>Country</i> would
+have been, to have laid the <i>Wound</i> open
+to every one's View; to have shewn the
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 21]</span>
+World, what <i>Dividend</i> could be made out
+of the <i>Interest</i>, and what they might expect.
+Then <i>Foreigners</i> would have sat
+still; for they could no where else make
+Five <i>per Cent.</i> of <i>One Hundred Pounds</i>; and
+their Money have remain'd here.</p>
+
+<p>But if we come to make <i>Dividends</i> of
+Twelve <i>per Cent.</i> and by that means advance
+the Stock to <i>Three Hundred</i>; then
+those Strangers that had <i>Four Millions</i> Capital,
+and receiv'd <i>Two Hundred Thousand
+Pounds</i> per Ann. will have <i>Four Hundred
+and Eighty Thousand Pounds</i> per Annum,
+and have a <i>Demand</i> of <i>Twelve Millions</i> on
+you; which will entirely finish what the
+late <i>South-Sea</i> Directors so gloriously
+began.</p>
+
+<p>Is this a Time to endeavour at new <i>Projects</i>,
+when the Nation is at so low an
+Ebb; and when the World is ready, on the
+least Opportunity given, to put to the <i>Finishing
+Stroke</i>?</p>
+
+<p>It is a certain Topick, That every <i>Relief</i>
+in the Case of the <i>South-Sea</i> Company,
+will be thought an <i>Injustice</i> to some, who
+cannot be reliev'd but at the <i>Expence</i> of
+others. That Way therefore must be taken,
+that is most Safe and Equal.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>By what has been said, you will easily
+judge, how little the <i>poor Sufferers</i> are
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 22]</span>
+like to expect from this <i>New Project</i>; and
+that if the <i>Success</i> attend it that some People
+hope, it must be the Ruin of the
+<i>Nation</i>.</p>
+
+<p>You likewise see the <i>Danger</i> there is
+in <i>Advancing</i> of Stocks above their Original
+Capital; and how necessary it is to
+restrain Corporations from <i>Dividing</i> more
+than what their <i>Original Stock</i> will fairly
+produce; and that such <i>Practices</i> are destructive
+to the Commonwealth of this
+<i>Nation</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Ought not then the <i>Legislature</i> to enter
+upon speedy <i>Measures</i>, and such as may
+prevent any <i>Evil Consequence</i> that may
+happen?</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>Our Main Business, therefore, is, how
+to find out <i>Methods</i> to extend our <i>Trade</i>;
+for <i>Projects</i>, and <i>United Companies</i>, are
+only contriv'd to <i>enrich</i> a few.</p>
+
+<p>We have within our selves, and in <i>America</i>,
+an inexhaustible Fund to <i>supply</i> our
+selves, and perhaps <i>Europe</i>, with what we
+are now beholden to <i>Foreigners</i> for, and
+that at the Expence of our <i>Silver</i> and
+<i>Gold</i>; and yet either our <i>Negligence</i>, or
+<i>private Views</i>, make us sit still. But otherwise,</p>
+
+<p>What <i>prodigious Advantage</i> would it be
+to the <i>Nation</i>, to have a <i>Supply</i> from our
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 23]</span>
+own <i>Colonies</i> with those <i>Naval Stores</i>,
+which we have now from <i>Denmark</i>, <i>Sueden</i>
+and <i>Muscovy</i>; and to save the Expence
+of so much <i>Money</i> as those Trades
+cost us, and no longer to be at the Mercy
+of any <i>Foreign Prince</i>? And could we gain
+a Balance of <i>Trade</i>, we may hope to retrieve
+our selves from all the <i>Difficulties</i> we
+seem to labour under. But at present, we
+have not the Balance with any one Nation,
+except <i>Portugal</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Now if this be the Case, it cannot be
+thought that an <i>Over-Balance</i> there, can
+answer the <i>Balance</i> that all <i>Europe</i> has
+against us.</p>
+
+<p>But Luxury in the Use of <i>Foreign Importations</i>
+being discourag'd, we may reasonably
+expect to have a <i>Flourishing Trade</i>,
+which will bring Mines of <i>Gold</i> and <i>Silver</i>
+into our Coffers; all other Arts and Schemes
+having no <i>Foundation</i>, and nothing but <i>Destruction</i>.</p>
+
+<p>That <i>Foreigners</i> take the Advantage of
+us, by the <i>Rising</i> and <i>Falling</i> of our <i>Stocks</i>;
+nor can the <i>Evil</i> be remedied, but by fixing
+them down at a <i>certain Price</i> that they
+shall be bought or sold; <i>viz.</i> <i>Bank</i>-Stock
+at <i>One Hundred and Twenty Five</i> per Cent.
+And for that Sum, the said Corporation
+may divide <i>Common Interest</i>, but never
+more.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 24]</span>
+That the Surplus of <i>Profit</i> be, to make
+good the Value of <i>One Hundred and Twenty
+Five Pounds</i>, at the Time the said <i>Bank</i>
+shall be paid off by the <i>Government</i>.</p>
+
+<p><i>India</i> Stock at <i>One Hundred and Twenty
+Five</i> per Cent. And that Corporation never
+to <i>divide</i> more than <i>Common Interest</i>
+for that Sum: The Remainder of <i>Profits</i>
+accruing by that Trade be, for the better
+<i>Maintenance</i> of their <i>Factories</i>, and the Extending
+of their <i>Trade</i> in <i>India</i>.</p>
+
+<p><i>South-Sea</i> Stock at <i>One Hundred and
+Twenty Five</i> per Cent. (if the said Corporation
+be put in <i>Statu quo</i>) that the
+said Corporation may never <i>divide</i> more
+than <i>Common Interest</i>: The Remainder to
+carry on a Trade to such Parts and Places,
+as shall be thought most advisable, and to
+establish <i>Colonies</i> for the Good of the Kingdom
+in general. Or otherwise, <i>Trade</i> and
+<i>Industry</i> will be discourag'd, and <i>Luxury</i>
+and <i>Idleness</i> be our Ruin.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>The <i>Hollanders</i> are more Political in
+<i>Trade</i> than we; and they being so near
+us, and we having with each other so
+great a <i>Trade</i>, and they so largely in our
+<i>Stocks</i>, that unless we have an <i>Agio</i> settled,
+as they have, (that is, that there be a <i>Difference</i>
+between the Current Cash and the
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 25]</span>
+<i>Bank</i>-Money) we shall never preserve our
+Coin. Nor will Trade ever <i>flourish</i>, or Credit
+<i>revive</i>, unless a Liberty be given to all
+<i>Bodies Corporate</i> and <i>Collective</i> to Transfer
+as usual.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>As the Eyes of all are upon the Parliament
+of <i>Great Britain</i>, greedily expecting
+a speedy <i>Settlement</i> of <i>South-Sea</i> Stock;
+how easy is it, and how securely may the
+<i>House of Commons</i> pass a Vote, That the
+<i>Losses</i> of the <i>South-Sea</i> Company shall be
+made good? For at present the <i>Stock</i> is
+precarious.</p>
+
+<p>And the same may be said, in some Measure,
+both of the <i>East-India</i> Company, and
+the <i>Bank</i>: Which strengthens the <i>Reasons</i>
+against the <i>Government</i>'s trusting any more
+to <i>Corporation Credit</i>.</p>
+
+<p>That <i>Trade</i> cannot easily extend it self
+in this Kingdom, unless all Corporations
+are ty'd down from <i>Dividing</i> (I say) more
+than <i>Common Interest</i>. Persons will never
+go on to encourage <i>Trade</i>, so long as a
+Profit can be made by the frequent <i>Rise</i>
+and <i>Fall</i> of Stocks, the Bane of all <i>Industry</i>.</p>
+
+<p>That unless, I say, a Liberty be given
+to all <i>Bodies Corporate</i> or <i>Collective</i>, to raise
+Money to carry on and extend the <i>Trade</i>
+of this Kingdom, can it be thought that
+<span class="pagenum">[Pg 26]</span>
+<i>Trade</i> will ever increase? And without
+Liberty be given to all <i>Bodies Corporate</i>
+and <i>Collective</i>, to have a <i>Book</i>, wherein
+every Person may <i>transfer</i> their Properties,
+such <i>Bodies</i> will be never able to raise Money
+to carry on a <i>Trade</i>, or extend it.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p>Before I conclude, I shall enlarge a little
+concerning the <i>Poor</i> of our Country; who
+will never be brought to Labour, so long
+as they are maintain'd by the <i>Parish</i>, and
+suffer'd to beg about the Country, or in
+the Streets.</p>
+
+<p>If <i>proper Places</i> were provided, on <i>Navigable
+Rivers</i>, where Land is reasonable;
+with good Management, and by the Improvement
+of those <i>Lands</i>, the Expence
+of our <i>Poor</i> would not be so great by the
+one Tenth Part of what it is, and what
+we now pay towards their <i>Relief</i>. And
+by such a prudent Management, what an
+<i>inestimable Benefit</i> would it be to this
+Nation; not only by easing the Subject
+from that <i>heavy Burthen</i> or <i>Tax</i> to the
+<i>Poor</i>, but by the many other <i>Advantages</i>
+that thereby the <i>Publick</i> will receive, besides
+the many Hands that may be employ'd
+to Profit, more than what is necessary
+to be appointed for their own and <i>their
+Maintenance</i>?</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 27]</span>
+Such an <i>Advantage</i> would it be to the
+<i>Nation</i>, as would be better to us than the
+Mines of <i>Peru</i> and <i>Mexico</i> to the <i>Spanish</i>
+Monarchy. It would introduce <i>Industry</i>,
+reduce <i>Idleness</i> and <i>Luxury</i>; encourage and
+promote the <i>Trade</i> of the Kingdom, increase
+our <i>Exports</i>, and lessen our <i>Imports</i>;
+by providing of Hands useful in making
+all Sorts of Utensils, for <i>Army</i> and
+<i>Navy</i>, <i>Soldiers</i> and <i>Sailors</i>, that, when their
+Country have no Service for them, they
+may return to their <i>Livelihood</i> they were
+bred to, and by their <i>honest Industry</i> find a
+<i>Maintenance</i>.</p>
+
+<h2><i>F I N I S.</i></h2>
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 121px;">
+<img src="images/i029.jpg" width="121" height="95" alt=""
+title="" />
+</div>
+
+<hr />
+
+<div class="tnote"><h2>Transcriber's Notes:</h2>
+
+<p>Obsolete spellings of words (e.g., publick, intrinsick, nett, Portugueze,
+allay, accompt, depretiate, etc.) have been retained; long s has been transcribed as modern round s.</p>
+
+<p>On page 7, "maintain&nbsp;d" was replaced with "maintain'd".</p>
+
+<p>On page 8, "Ingraffment" was replaced with "Ingraftment", to make it
+consistent with other usage in the document.</p>
+
+<p>On page 12, "Twopeny" was replaced with "Twopenny".</p>
+
+<p>On page 26, "Bodies Corporat" was replaced with "Bodies Corporate".</p></div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's A Stiptick for a Bleeding Nation, by Unknown
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A STIPTICK FOR A BLEEDING NATION ***
+
+***** This file should be named 33946-h.htm or 33946-h.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+ http://www.gutenberg.org/3/3/9/4/33946/
+
+Produced by Ernest Schaal and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
+
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+http://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
+paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works. See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+ the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+ you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is
+ owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+ has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+ Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments
+ must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+ prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+ returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+ sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+ address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+ the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+ you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+ does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+ License. You must require such a user to return or
+ destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+ and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+ Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+ money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+ electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+ of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+ distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need, are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at http://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+ Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+ Chief Executive and Director
+ gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+
+Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit http://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations.
+To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+ http://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
+
+
+</pre>
+
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/33946-h/images/i001.jpg b/33946-h/images/i001.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ee600b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/33946-h/images/i001.jpg
Binary files differ
diff --git a/33946-h/images/i003a.jpg b/33946-h/images/i003a.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8be0c78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/33946-h/images/i003a.jpg
Binary files differ
diff --git a/33946-h/images/i003b.jpg b/33946-h/images/i003b.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..783c818
--- /dev/null
+++ b/33946-h/images/i003b.jpg
Binary files differ
diff --git a/33946-h/images/i029.jpg b/33946-h/images/i029.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0617b5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/33946-h/images/i029.jpg
Binary files differ
diff --git a/33946.txt b/33946.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9d63e91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/33946.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,1064 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Stiptick for a Bleeding Nation, by Unknown
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: A Stiptick for a Bleeding Nation
+ A safe and speedy way to restore publick credit, and pay
+ the national debts
+
+Author: Unknown
+
+Release Date: October 4, 2010 [EBook #33946]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A STIPTICK FOR A BLEEDING NATION ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Ernest Schaal and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ A
+ STIPTICK
+ FOR A
+ _Bleeding Nation_.
+
+ OR,
+
+ A Safe and Speedy WAY
+ to Restore _Publick Credit_, and
+ Pay the _National_ DEBTS.
+
+ [Printer's Decoration]
+
+ _LONDON_:
+
+ Printed for J. ROBERTS, near the _Oxford-Arms_
+ in _Warwick-Lane_. 1721.
+
+
+
+
+ [Printer's Decoration]
+
+ A
+ STIPTICK
+ FOR A
+ _Bleeding Nation_.
+
+ OR,
+
+ A Safe and Speedy WAY to Restore _Publick Credit_, and Pay
+ the _National_ DEBTS.
+
+Do but a little consider, and you will soon find, _Pride_ and _Luxury_,
+_Corruption_ and _Bribery_, are the greatest Causes of our present
+Calamities; and if you do not discourage the Two first, and punish the
+Two last Evils, we shall speedily come to Destruction, and God will
+blast all our Endeavours.
+
+The lively Instance of late, proves to us the _Ruin_ those Evils carry
+with them: And is there not one good Man, that dares to stem the Tide
+that is come in upon us, and save us from being drown'd?
+
+Is there not one Man that has _Honesty_, _Interest_ or _Ability_, to put
+in Practice what is so necessary to _preserve_ their Country?
+
+Let us shake off then those plaguy Sores that corrupt our _Vitals_; and
+if we intend to be a Happy and Flourishing People, we must promote
+_Piety_, which admits of no Corruption; _Honesty_, that listens to no
+Temptation; _Sincerity_, which never deceives his Neighbour; _Sobriety_
+is the Way to Honour, and _Industry_ brings Riches, which Frugality
+preserves: He therefore that desires to be _truly Great_, must possess
+these Virtues, and prefer _Publick_ to _Private Interest_.
+
+What is the Reason that all Inferior Places of Profit and Trust are
+_bought_ and _sold_, and true Merit wants its _Reward_? Is it not
+because the _Devil_, when bought, will be sold?
+
+Are not our Exports of _Bullion_ so great, that, as fast as it arrives,
+it goes away? Which the Publick Entries every Week demonstrate. And were
+it not for the daily Supplies from _Portugal_, we should have nothing
+but our own _Specie_ to answer all Demands.
+
+It is obvious, that One Single Corporation has put us into this
+Confusion: And will the _Government_ again trust to _that_, or any
+other? I should not desire a Friend of mind to be the _Adviser_.
+
+Can all the Corporations in _London_, put together, be so well depended
+upon, as the _Exchequer_; which is supported by the _Government_, who
+are able and willing to make good all their own Contracts, but are not
+answerable for the Losses of any Corporation; all being oblig'd to sit
+down and be content with their own?
+
+Can any Corporation desire more, than that the _Government_ compel their
+own Members, and their Estates, to make good to answer for their
+_Mismanagement_?
+
+Separate then the _Standers-by_ from the _Gamesters_, and let the
+Unconcern'd declare their Opinion, Whether, in all Corporations, the
+_Directors_ have not an unknown Advantage over all the other Members? Is
+it so in the _Exchequer_?
+
+Tell me then, why a Hundred Pound in a Corporation, is more valuable
+than a Hundred in the _Exchequer_? Is it not because you can part with
+your Property with much more Ease by way of _Transfer_ in _London_?
+Which is not practis'd at the _Exchequer_: Besides, the _Transferring_
+is near at Hand.
+
+The _Directors_ of any Corporation, if not truly _honest_, may impose at
+all Times upon the rest of the _Proprietors_, by making a Dividend above
+the intrinsick Value of the Nett Produce of _Profit_; and the
+_Legislature_ would do well to provide against such Practices for the
+future.
+
+If due Encouragement was given for the Importation of _Iron_, _Hemp_,
+_Pitch_ and _Tar_, from our own _Plantations_, the Export of a great
+deal of our _Bullion_ would be sav'd, our _Colonies_ encourag'd, and we
+should be then able to supply the _Dutch_, _French_, _Spaniard_,
+_Italian_ and _Portugueze_ with Iron, and bring in Two Hundred Thousand
+Pounds _per Ann._ Balance of Trade.
+
+If the _South-Sea_ Company would trade to our own Islands, _viz._ the
+_Bahama_, and to _Carolina_; that Trade alone would bring them in Five
+Hundred Thousand Pounds _per Ann._ and with a small Expence, if well
+manag'd.
+
+
+
+
+ A
+ PROPOSAL
+
+ To Restore _Publick Credit_, and Pay
+ the _Nation's_ DEBTS.
+
+
+ I. _That the =South-Sea= Company be put in =Statu quo=; and if the
+ Estates of the late =Directors=, their Aiders and Abettors
+ will not do it, the =Government= to make up what is wanting._
+
+ II. _That the =Subscriptions= at =Three Hundred=, =Four Hundred=,
+ =Eight Hundred=, and a =Thousand=, be all paid into the
+ =Exchequer= at =Two Hundred=, and there to have a Credit for
+ =One Hundred=; for which the =Government= is to pay Ten =per
+ Cent.= until the =One Hundred= shall be paid off: And that those
+ who have not paid full =Two Hundred=, do make up that Sum within
+ the Time limited by the late =Directors=._
+
+ III. _That a Proper Place in =London= be appointed to keep a =Book=,
+ wherein each Person may be made =Debtor= and =Creditor=; and a
+ Duplicate of such =Book= to remain in the =Exchequer=. And that
+ there may be a =Book=, wherein every Person may =transfer= their
+ Property._
+
+ IV. _The Debt of =Seven Millions, Five Hundred Thousand Pounds=,
+ being forgiven the =South-Sea= Company, and they put in =Statu
+ quo= by the =Government=; the =Nation= will stand =Debtor= and
+ =Creditor= as followeth:_ Viz.
+
+ NATION Debtor.
+
+ _To =South-Sea= Company_, 11,746,384
+ _To Money-Subscribers_, 20,004,000
+ _To Redeemable Debts_, 13,886,486
+ _To Unredeemable Debts_, 12,070,343
+ _To Interest_, __________
+
+ NATION Creditor.
+
+ _By a Moiety of the Money-Subscribers_, 10,002,000
+ _By =Ditto= Redeemable Debts_, 6,993,247
+ _By =Ditto= Unredeemable Debts_, 6,035,178
+ ----------
+ 23,030,425
+
+
+The _Government_ is only to pay Ten _per Cent._ for the Sum of _Twenty
+Three Millions, Thirty Thousand, Four Hundred Twenty Five Pounds_. The
+_South-Sea_ Company being in _Statu quo_, are to receive an Interest as
+the _Act_ directed before the last _Settlement_.
+
+The other Moiety will enable the _Government_ to make good the
+_Deficiency_ (if any) to the _South-Sea_ Company, to forgive them the
+_Seven Millions, Five Hundred Thousand Pounds_, pay the _Interest_ due
+from the _Government_ and clear a great Part of the _Principal Debt_.
+
+The _Scheme_, as before-mention'd, will restore our _Credit_, and pay
+Part of our _Debt_; but if we intend to pay the Remainder, we must
+endeavour to be at a _Par_ with our Neighbours in Trade: And if they
+outdo us in Policy therein, and we do not strive to follow their
+_Methods_, we must expect in the End to be the Losers, and never to have
+a Balance.
+
+We ought to consult those Methods that will increase our _Exports_, and
+lessen the _Importation_ of such Goods as takes away our _Bullion_, and
+prevent our _Coin_ from being exported, in the best Manner we can.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+Now, Sir, you having consider'd the _Proposal_, and what has been
+previously maintain'd give me Leave to ask you a few Questions: _Viz._
+
+1. Whether the Corporation of the _South-Sea_ Company, if they could be
+sure that the _Government_ would forgive them the Debt of _Seven
+Millions, Five Hundred Thousand Pounds_, and put them in _Statu quo_,
+(that is, in the Condition they were in when Stock was at _One Hundred
+Twenty Five_) would not they readily embrace the _Offer_?
+
+2. Whether either the _South-Sea_ Company, the Bank of _England_, or the
+_East-India_ Company, desire the _Ingraftment_ propos'd by Parliament?
+
+3. Whether a more equal Distribution of _Loss_ can be made, to please
+all Parties, especially the major Part; or who will be the greatest
+_Loser_ by the _Proposal_ herein mention'd?
+
+One great Calamity is the Loss of _Paper Credit_, on which our _Trade_
+chiefly depended: We find already a great Decay, which will soon be more
+apparent. We have indeed at present too little _Cash_, and too little
+_Credit_, to support _Trade_; and if we do not take other _Methods_ than
+what has been yet practis'd, it will be entirely lost.
+
+It is the Prudence of a _Government_, to establish _Credit_ on the most
+solid Foundation; and what can be so solid as a _Parliamentary
+Security_? Will the _Government_ be trusted with any future Loans, if
+their Debts are settled upon a _precarious Bottom_? And are
+_Corporation-Pillars_ a good Foundation?
+
+The _Method_ already propos'd, is seemingly calculated for the Service
+of _Stock-Jobbing_, and a Parcel of _I know not who_, (_Sharpers_,) to
+reap the Benefit of it: And if so, the _Nation_ will be utterly ruin'd.
+For God's Sake, then, let us not run any more _Hazards_, but prudently
+take such _Measures_ as are most safe and advantageous.
+
+If the _Government_ will forgive the _South-Sea_ Company the Debt of
+_Seven Millions, Five Hundred Thousand Pounds_, and put them in _Statu
+quo_; they ought to sit down contented, and be easy and thankful.
+
+If the present _Scheme_ gives the Subscribers but _Twenty Five Pounds_
+Capital Stock for a _Hundred_, and the _Government_ will give such
+Subscribers _Fifty Pounds_ for a _Hundred_, I hope they will have no
+Reason to complain.
+
+For should the _Subscriptions_ be ty'd down to _Four Hundred_, Thousands
+of Families will be ruin'd.
+
+If we consider the Debt we owe to _Foreigners_, and how they, on the
+_Advance of Stocks_, drain us of our Money; we shall find it very
+dangerous to suffer _Stocks_ to be sold above the intrinsick Value.
+
+If Common Interest be reduc'd to Four _per Cent._ as was intended; what
+_Proprietor_ can say he shall be a Loser? Setting aside the
+_Subscriptions_ and _Stock_, bought and sold at extravagant Prices;
+which is impossible to redress, without making a far greater Number of
+Sufferers.
+
+Will the _Proposal_ of Tying down the _Subscribers_ at _Four Hundred_,
+give a greater Interest than Ten _per Cent._ for the Capital? And what
+will the Capital be, when paid off? Will that be more than _Twenty Five
+Pounds_ for a _Hundred_? Does not this _Proposal_ give _Fifty Pounds_
+for _One Hundred_, with a double Advantage to all; and at the same Time
+pays a great Part of our Debt, and settles our Credit on a solid
+Foundation?
+
+A Nation cannot flourish without _Virtue_; nor _Virtue_ without _good
+Conscience_. Sudden Ways of _growing rich_, must be ruinous to the
+_Publick_: There are of late those who have too suddenly got vast
+Estates, and others as soon stripp'd of great Fortunes.
+
+_Industry_ is therefore the true natural Way to Wealth, as _Idleness_ is
+to Poverty. Riches cannot be honestly got without _Industry_, therefore
+it ought to be encourag'd, and all _idle Persons_ made to work; and such
+as will not work, ought to be serv'd as they are in _Holland_, that is,
+exercis'd with the _Pump_.
+
+Has not the easy Way of getting Money prevented the _South-Sea_ Company
+from Carrying on _their Trade_, and the _Fishery_, that Noble and
+Profitable Branch; which if they would heartily set their Shoulders to,
+they might increase their Stock a Hundred _per Cent._ and not set it
+above its intrinsick Value? And our _Poor_ being very numerous, all of
+'em may be provided for that way.
+
+Our _Trade_ has decay'd ever since we have promoted _Stock-Jobbing_,
+that easy Way of getting Money: Our _Manufactories_ have diminish'd;
+which have increas'd our _Poor_, and lessen'd our _Imports_ and
+_Exports_; and the King, in Time, will lose his _Customs_.
+
+I shall offer some few Heads, necessary to promote _Trade_, and to put
+us in a Way speedily to pay our _Debts_, and prevent _Stock-Jobbing_, or
+else _Trade_ can never flourish.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+We must _Recoin_ our Money, and make the _Agio_ so large, as will
+prevent its being exported; and thereby hinder the _East-India_ Company
+from purchasing _Bullion_ in _Holland_: For if they are suffer'd to buy
+_Bullion_ there, we had better by the Half give them free Liberty to
+export our Coin, unless the _Exchange_ is Eight _per Cent._ in our
+Favour, (which is now so much to the contrary) we shall at all Times be
+Losers. By which it appears, how great Losers we are at present, by not
+making our Coin of a Value, as it may be exported without Damage to the
+Nation.
+
+Our _Government_ may have _Bullion_ in Plenty, if they will be the
+Merchant for that Commodity, and give but a small Matter more for it
+than our Neighbours; which we may very well afford to do, if we settle a
+like _Agio_.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+One great Help to _Trade_ in the Nation, would be to have _Sixpences_
+(nay, even _Shillings_) coined with a much greater Allay than our
+present Coin; as also _Groats_, _Three-pences_, and _Twopenny Pieces_:
+The Government would receive such a Benefit thereby, as cannot be well
+here express'd. And I dare answer to find a _Method_, with fine Copper
+so intermix'd with Silver, that it shall not be worth any Person's
+Time, Trouble and Hazard, to counterfeit it.
+
+Our Silver being coined with so great an _Allay_ as will prevent its
+being exported, will in a short Time cause a Currency of _Cash_: The
+_Gentry_ will not hoard it; whereby _Traders_ will be better paid, and
+our _Manufactures_ encourag'd, and carry'd on to a greater Degree.
+
+I remember when there was a great deal of _Clipt_ and _Counterfeit
+Money_, and very Plenty of both, that every one that had either a
+Counterfeit Piece, or Money that was cut very small, always studied what
+to _buy_ with it, that they might pass the one away, or part with the
+other.
+
+The Difference to the _East-India_ Company, in buying _Bullion_, or
+_Pieces of Eight_, in _Holland_, is Seven or Eight _per Cent._ more than
+what it stands them in when they can be supply'd with it at Home; and if
+they were prohibited the _Exportation_ of _Bullion_ from _Foreign
+Countries_, and suffer'd to export our own _Coin_, or such Ingots as
+shall have the _Tower-Mark_, our _Government_ would have the Advantage
+which the _Dutch_ now gain, and no Loss to the _East-India_ Company. For
+it will be then equally the same to them, whether they export it from
+hence, or from _Holland_, to _India_.
+
+There is no other Way of preventing our _Bullion_ and _Silver_ being
+carry'd out of the Land, but by the Prohibition of the one, by paying a
+Difference to the _Government_; _viz._ such a Difference as comes pretty
+near to what is lost by _Remittances_; and suffering the other (_viz._
+our _Crowns_ and _Half-Crown Pieces_, coin'd with a proportionable
+Allay) to be exported. All which would help to pay off the _Nation's
+Debts_, and make us a Flourishing People.
+
+Our _Half-Crowns_ and _Crowns_ being recoined to such a Standard, I say,
+would be of equal Advantage to the _East-India_ Company, whether they
+exported _Bullion_ or _Pieces of Eight_, from hence or from _Holland_:
+For by the Bank of _Holland_, or rather _Amsterdam_, all _Exchanges_ are
+chiefly govern'd; and as the _Hollanders_ are the nearest concern'd with
+us in _Trade_, so by them we are to regulate and proportion the
+Difference between our _Bank-Money_ and our Current Cash.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The Bank of _England_ is establish'd upon the Standard of our present
+_Coin_: Let it so remain, till the _Government_ sees fit to alter, or
+pay them off; and let _Bills of Exchange_ be paid _in Banco_, or, if
+they so please, in Current Cash; the Difference or _Agio_ to be allow'd
+in like manner as they do in _Holland_.
+
+There has been a considerable Profit made, by _Melting down_ and
+_Exporting_ our own Coin; and there will always be those that will do
+it, tho' punish'd with Death, as in _Portugal_. And where there is a
+great Loss in Melting down, or Exporting the _Current Coin_, tho' there
+is no _Penalty_, the Money will be preserv'd; as in _Holland_.
+
+Let the Merchant have a _Profit_ in carrying Gold and Silver to the
+_Mint_ to be coined, or there will little or none go there: But if the
+Merchant finds a _Profit_ (tho' small) in the Coinage, there will be
+great Quantities coined.
+
+That they who act with the greatest _Prudence_ and _Honour_, and have
+most Money, will always have most Credit; this needs no Proof.
+
+While our _Money_, which is the Blood of the _Body Politick_, is
+suffer'd to run out, and there is no Supply, all _Projects_ for
+restoring _Credit_, and keeping up the Spirits of the _People_, will
+prove abortive. _Trade_, and the Noblest Undertakings for Employing the
+_Poor_, must be at a full Stop, if Money be wanting to carry them on.
+
+'Tis certain, that until we have a greater Plenty of Money, _Trade_ and
+all other Business must be assisted with _Paper Credit_; and if it does
+not receive Voluntary Credit, it will never be made by Force. And if our
+Affairs are rightly managed, our Estates are doubled, and secur'd; if
+not, the best Estates will soon be worth nothing.
+
+That _Paper Credit_ may have an immediate Currency, it is necessary for
+the _Exchequer_ to issue out as many _Notes_ as they shall be able to
+circulate, with a _Tax_ of a _Guinea_ on every _Transfer_; the one Half
+to be paid by the _Buyer_, and the other by the _Seller_.
+
+That those _Bills_ be to discharge the Debts due and owing by the
+_Government_: And that the said _Bills_ be circulated in _London_.
+
+Some make a mighty Noise, that if our _Coin_ be raised, _Foreigners_
+will not take it. I answer, For that Reason we ought to raise it. If we
+are to pay _Foreigners_ any Thing upon the Balance of an Accompt, we
+ought to pay them as near as we can in their own Coin.
+
+That no Person (under severe _Penalty_) presume to raise the _Price_ of
+any Thing, on Account of the Alteration of the _Coin_; otherwise the
+_Name_ is only alter'd, and not the _Value_ of our Coin: There being as
+much Reason for the _Parliament_ to put a _Value_ thereon, as for a
+_Goldsmith_ to do it on wrought Plate.
+
+But the first Care to be taken, is, How the _Nation_ may prevent any
+Advance in _South-Sea_ Stock above what it was before; so that
+_Foreigners_ concern'd may not receive a _greater Principal_ than a
+Hundred Pound, and Five _per Cent._ as they did before this unhappy
+_Ingraftment_: For the Stock, by the said _Ingraftment_, will be of such
+a Magnitude, that a Hundred _per Cent._ Advance will, in all
+Probability, give the Strangers such a Capital, as will amount to more
+than the whole _Cash_ of the Kingdom.
+
+The _Foreigners_ have taken an Alarm since our late _unhappy
+Mismanagement_; and are only waiting for some _New Project_, to sell
+out, and strip us entirely: So that if we will consider our own
+_Preservation_, we must rather _depretiate_ our Stocks, than seek Means
+to _augment_ them.
+
+It is a receiv'd Maxim, _Salus Populi Suprema Lex esto_: This I take to
+be meant of the _whole Body_, not of some Parts of the _People_. And
+tho' _Thousands_ may suffer, yet it is a receiv'd Rule, That the
+_Whole_ is first to be consider'd, when it comes in Competition with any
+_Parts_.
+
+Therefore, in our present Case, the _Whole_ is to be consider'd; and the
+_Preservation_ of that, is to weigh down against all the Hardships that
+may happen to _Particulars_.
+
+Now, if this Maxim stands good, it is the Obligation of every true Lover
+of his _Country_, to have that in View; and not, from a Regard to
+_Particulars_, run the Hazard of sacrificing the _Whole_. Their
+_Misfortunes_ ought to have no Weight, nor any _Contrivance_ to ease
+them, prevail, in Balance with our _Country_.
+
+Our late _Project_, if it could have been held up, would have created
+such a _Luxury_, that that very Thing alone would have undone the
+_Nation_, and would have sunk us; tho' not with such a _Rapidity_, as
+the Way which we have now in some measure escap'd.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The _Matter_ standing in this Light, the only View is the _Benefit_ of
+our _Country_.
+
+The _Body Politick_ is very weak, and requires an honest and able
+_Physician_; and where to find him, is the only Thing in Question.
+
+Let us consider, whether this design'd _Ingraftment_ of _Nine Millions_
+into the _Bank_, and _Nine Millions_ into the _East-India_ Company, will
+prove any real Benefit to the _Nation_ as a _Nation_? No surely, that
+cannot be pretended; but only, that they making greater Dividends, may
+be of Service to _Individuals_; and yet that is much to be doubted.
+
+For as to the _Bank_, the Capital was too big before to render any great
+_Advance_: And had it not been for a new Practice, first begun by the
+_South-Sea_ Company, of Lending Money on their _Stock_; had it not been,
+I say, for their imitating (tho' with Caution) that _infamous Practice_,
+their Dividends would have been reduc'd to _Seven per Cent._ or under.
+
+And for the _East-India_ Company, their _Trade_ is so far extended,
+especially at this Juncture, when they are forc'd to _over-trade_
+themselves, in order to ruin the _Ostenders_, that it's look'd on
+already as a _Grievance_: And yet by adding _Nine Millions_, they must
+divide _Four Hundred and Fifty Thousand Pounds_ Profit more than before.
+And notwithstanding their _Trade_ (as I said before) was then a
+_Grievance_; to what an Extension must it be driven now, to _divide_
+such a Profit; when hitherto they never _divided_ above _One Hundred
+and Sixty Thousand Pounds_ a Year Profit?
+
+But will it not be a Second _Injustice_ to the _Annuitants_, after so
+great a _Diminution_ of their Estates, to have _Two Thirds_ of it
+_ingrafted_ on a _precarious Bottom_? All Stocks having been suffer'd to
+divide above the Value of the _Nett Produce_ of their Capital; a sure
+Way to distress _Trade_: Especially when Corporations are suffer'd to
+issue out _Bonds_, without Trading with the _Money_, but purely to
+advance their _Stock_.
+
+The _Two Ingraftments_ are brought in, in order to help the
+_Proprietors_, by Advantages of _Dividends_, to a greater Income than
+the Stock could make, if retain'd in the _South-Sea_; and so to raise
+the Nominal Price of Stock. Whether it will do the former, is a Doubt;
+but if so, the Stock had better been kept where it was; and if the
+latter, it will be only a _New Bubble_, to ruin us.
+
+Neither the _Bank_, nor the _East-India_ Company, seem fond of the
+Project of this _Ingraftment_; and nothing can be argued, but that
+Something must be done, at least to amuse People with _vain Hopes_:
+Whereas, the true Interest of our _Country_ would have been, to have
+laid the _Wound_ open to every one's View; to have shewn the World,
+what _Dividend_ could be made out of the _Interest_, and what they might
+expect. Then _Foreigners_ would have sat still; for they could no where
+else make Five _per Cent._ of _One Hundred Pounds_; and their Money have
+remain'd here.
+
+But if we come to make _Dividends_ of Twelve _per Cent._ and by that
+means advance the Stock to _Three Hundred_; then those Strangers that
+had _Four Millions_ Capital, and receiv'd _Two Hundred Thousand Pounds_
+per Ann. will have _Four Hundred and Eighty Thousand Pounds_ per Annum,
+and have a _Demand_ of _Twelve Millions_ on you; which will entirely
+finish what the late _South-Sea_ Directors so gloriously began.
+
+Is this a Time to endeavour at new _Projects_, when the Nation is at so
+low an Ebb; and when the World is ready, on the least Opportunity given,
+to put to the _Finishing Stroke_?
+
+It is a certain Topick, That every _Relief_ in the Case of the
+_South-Sea_ Company, will be thought an _Injustice_ to some, who cannot
+be reliev'd but at the _Expence_ of others. That Way therefore must be
+taken, that is most Safe and Equal.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+By what has been said, you will easily judge, how little the _poor
+Sufferers_ are like to expect from this _New Project_; and that if the
+_Success_ attend it that some People hope, it must be the Ruin of the
+_Nation_.
+
+You likewise see the _Danger_ there is in _Advancing_ of Stocks above
+their Original Capital; and how necessary it is to restrain Corporations
+from _Dividing_ more than what their _Original Stock_ will fairly
+produce; and that such _Practices_ are destructive to the Commonwealth
+of this _Nation_.
+
+Ought not then the _Legislature_ to enter upon speedy _Measures_, and
+such as may prevent any _Evil Consequence_ that may happen?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+Our Main Business, therefore, is, how to find out _Methods_ to extend
+our _Trade_; for _Projects_, and _United Companies_, are only contriv'd
+to _enrich_ a few.
+
+We have within our selves, and in _America_, an inexhaustible Fund to
+_supply_ our selves, and perhaps _Europe_, with what we are now beholden
+to _Foreigners_ for, and that at the Expence of our _Silver_ and _Gold_;
+and yet either our _Negligence_, or _private Views_, make us sit still.
+But otherwise,
+
+What _prodigious Advantage_ would it be to the _Nation_, to have a
+_Supply_ from our own _Colonies_ with those _Naval Stores_, which we
+have now from _Denmark_, _Sueden_ and _Muscovy_; and to save the Expence
+of so much _Money_ as those Trades cost us, and no longer to be at the
+Mercy of any _Foreign Prince_? And could we gain a Balance of _Trade_,
+we may hope to retrieve our selves from all the _Difficulties_ we seem
+to labour under. But at present, we have not the Balance with any one
+Nation, except _Portugal_.
+
+Now if this be the Case, it cannot be thought that an _Over-Balance_
+there, can answer the _Balance_ that all _Europe_ has against us.
+
+But Luxury in the Use of _Foreign Importations_ being discourag'd, we
+may reasonably expect to have a _Flourishing Trade_, which will bring
+Mines of _Gold_ and _Silver_ into our Coffers; all other Arts and
+Schemes having no _Foundation_, and nothing but _Destruction_.
+
+That _Foreigners_ take the Advantage of us, by the _Rising_ and
+_Falling_ of our _Stocks_; nor can the _Evil_ be remedied, but by fixing
+them down at a _certain Price_ that they shall be bought or sold; _viz._
+_Bank_-Stock at _One Hundred and Twenty Five_ per Cent. And for that
+Sum, the said Corporation may divide _Common Interest_, but never more.
+
+That the Surplus of _Profit_ be, to make good the Value of _One Hundred
+and Twenty Five Pounds_, at the Time the said _Bank_ shall be paid off
+by the _Government_.
+
+_India_ Stock at _One Hundred and Twenty Five_ per Cent. And that
+Corporation never to _divide_ more than _Common Interest_ for that Sum:
+The Remainder of _Profits_ accruing by that Trade be, for the better
+_Maintenance_ of their _Factories_, and the Extending of their _Trade_
+in _India_.
+
+_South-Sea_ Stock at _One Hundred and Twenty Five_ per Cent. (if the
+said Corporation be put in _Statu quo_) that the said Corporation may
+never _divide_ more than _Common Interest_: The Remainder to carry on a
+Trade to such Parts and Places, as shall be thought most advisable, and
+to establish _Colonies_ for the Good of the Kingdom in general. Or
+otherwise, _Trade_ and _Industry_ will be discourag'd, and _Luxury_ and
+_Idleness_ be our Ruin.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The _Hollanders_ are more Political in _Trade_ than we; and they being
+so near us, and we having with each other so great a _Trade_, and they
+so largely in our _Stocks_, that unless we have an _Agio_ settled, as
+they have, (that is, that there be a _Difference_ between the Current
+Cash and the _Bank_-Money) we shall never preserve our Coin. Nor will
+Trade ever _flourish_, or Credit _revive_, unless a Liberty be given to
+all _Bodies Corporate_ and _Collective_ to Transfer as usual.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+As the Eyes of all are upon the Parliament of _Great Britain_, greedily
+expecting a speedy _Settlement_ of _South-Sea_ Stock; how easy is it,
+and how securely may the _House of Commons_ pass a Vote, That the
+_Losses_ of the _South-Sea_ Company shall be made good? For at present
+the _Stock_ is precarious.
+
+And the same may be said, in some Measure, both of the _East-India_
+Company, and the _Bank_: Which strengthens the _Reasons_ against the
+_Government's_ trusting any more to _Corporation Credit_.
+
+That _Trade_ cannot easily extend it self in this Kingdom, unless all
+Corporations are ty'd down from _Dividing_ (I say) more than _Common
+Interest_. Persons will never go on to encourage _Trade_, so long as a
+Profit can be made by the frequent _Rise_ and _Fall_ of Stocks, the Bane
+of all _Industry_.
+
+That unless, I say, a Liberty be given to all _Bodies Corporate_ or
+_Collective_, to raise Money to carry on and extend the _Trade_ of this
+Kingdom, can it be thought that _Trade_ will ever increase? And without
+Liberty be given to all _Bodies Corporate_ and _Collective_, to have a
+_Book_, wherein every Person may _transfer_ their Properties, such
+_Bodies_ will be never able to raise Money to carry on a _Trade_, or
+extend it.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+Before I conclude, I shall enlarge a little concerning the _Poor_ of our
+Country; who will never be brought to Labour, so long as they are
+maintain'd by the _Parish_, and suffer'd to beg about the Country, or in
+the Streets.
+
+If _proper Places_ were provided, on _Navigable Rivers_, where Land is
+reasonable; with good Management, and by the Improvement of those
+_Lands_, the Expence of our _Poor_ would not be so great by the one
+Tenth Part of what it is, and what we now pay towards their _Relief_.
+And by such a prudent Management, what an _inestimable Benefit_ would it
+be to this Nation; not only by easing the Subject from that _heavy
+Burthen_ or _Tax_ to the _Poor_, but by the many other _Advantages_ that
+thereby the _Publick_ will receive, besides the many Hands that may be
+employ'd to Profit, more than what is necessary to be appointed for
+their own and _their Maintenance_?
+
+Such an _Advantage_ would it be to the _Nation_, as would be better to
+us than the Mines of _Peru_ and _Mexico_ to the _Spanish_ Monarchy. It
+would introduce _Industry_, reduce _Idleness_ and _Luxury_; encourage
+and promote the _Trade_ of the Kingdom, increase our _Exports_, and
+lessen our _Imports_; by providing of Hands useful in making all Sorts
+of Utensils, for _Army_ and _Navy_, _Soldiers_ and _Sailors_, that, when
+their Country have no Service for them, they may return to their
+_Livelihood_ they were bred to, and by their _honest Industry_ find a
+_Maintenance_.
+
+
+ _FINIS._
+
+ [Printer's Decoration]
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Notes:
+
+Passages in italics are indicated by _underscores_.
+
+Non-italicized words within an italicized block of text are indicated
+by =equal signs=.
+
+Small capitals have been replaced with Title cased text.
+
+Obsolete spellings of words (e.g., publick, intrinsick, nett,
+Portugueze, allay, accompt, depretiate etc.) have been retained;
+long s has been transcribed as modern round s.
+
+On page 7, "maintain d" was replaced with "maintain'd".
+
+On page 8, "Ingraffment" was replaced with "Ingraftment", to make it
+consistent with other usage in the document.
+
+On page 12, "Twopeny" was replaced with "Twopenny".
+
+On page 26, "Bodies Corporat" was replaced with "Bodies Corporate".
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's A Stiptick for a Bleeding Nation, by Unknown
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A STIPTICK FOR A BLEEDING NATION ***
+
+***** This file should be named 33946.txt or 33946.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+ http://www.gutenberg.org/3/3/9/4/33946/
+
+Produced by Ernest Schaal and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries)
+
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+http://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
+paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works. See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+ the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+ you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is
+ owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+ has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+ Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments
+ must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+ prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+ returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+ sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+ address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+ the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+ you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+ does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+ License. You must require such a user to return or
+ destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+ and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+ Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+ money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+ electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+ of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+ distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need, are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at http://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+ Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+ Chief Executive and Director
+ gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+
+Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit http://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations.
+To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+ http://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
diff --git a/33946.zip b/33946.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..115a752
--- /dev/null
+++ b/33946.zip
Binary files differ
diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6312041
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
+this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright
+status under the laws that apply to them.
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c389661
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #33946 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33946)