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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/31359-8.txt b/31359-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..65224be --- /dev/null +++ b/31359-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3700 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 235, April 29, 1854, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 235, April 29, 1854 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: February 22, 2010 [EBook #31359] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +{389} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 235.] +SATURDAY, APRIL 29. 1854. +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + Curious Old Pamphlet 391 + Errata in Printed Bibles 391 + Impossibilities of History 392 + Unregistered Proverbs, by C. Mansfield Ingleby 392 + Mr. Justice Talfourd, by H. M. Bealby and T. J. Buckton 393 + The Screw Propeller 394 + Ancient Chattel-Property in Ireland, by James F. Ferguson 394 + Bishop Atterbury 395 + + MINOR NOTES:--"Milton Blind"--Hydropathy--Cassie--The Duke + of Wellington--Romford Jury--Edward Law (Lord Ellenborough), + Chief Justice--Chamisso--Dates of Maps--Walton--Whittington's + Stone on Highgate Hill--Turkey and France 395 + + QUERIES:-- + A Female Aide-Major 397 + + MINOR QUERIES:--"Chintz Gowns"--"Noctes Ambrosianæ"--B. + Simmons--Green Stockings--Nicholas Kieten--Warwickshire + Badge--Armorial--Lord Brougham and Horne Tooke--Rileys + of Forest Hill--Fish "Lavidian"--"Poeta nascitur, non + fit"--John Wesley and the Duke of Wellington--Haviland-- + Byron--Rutabaga--A Medal--The Black Cap--The Aboriginal + Britons 397 + + MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--"Gossip"--Humphry Repton-- + "Oriel"--"Orchard"--"Peckwater"--Richard III.--Binding of + old Books--Vessel of Paper 399 + + REPLIES:-- + King James's Irish Army List, 1689, by John D'Alton 401 + Quotations Wanted, by G. Taylor, &c. 402 + Oaths, by James F. Ferguson, &c. 402 + Remuneration of Authors, by Alexander Andrews 404 + Occasional Forms of Prayer, by the Rev. W. Sparrow Simpson, + &c. 404 + + PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:-- + Photographic Query--Improvement in Collodion--Printing + Positives--Photographic Excursions 406 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--"To Garble"--"Lyra Apostolica"-- + John Bale, Bishop of Ossory--Burial in an erect Posture-- + "Carronade"--"Largesse"--Precious Stones--"A Pinch of + Snuff"--Darwin on Steam--Gale of Rent--Cobb Family--"Aches" + --"Meols"--Polygamy--Wafers 407 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + Notes on Books, &c. 410 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted 410 + Notices to Correspondents 411 + + * * * * * + + +THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. + +In consequence of the Advertisement Duty having been taken off, the +customary charges for Advertisements in "The Gardeners' Chronicle and +Agricultural Gazette" have been reduced. + +Advertisements appear in both Editions without extra charge. + + s. d. + Space of Four lines and under (body type) 2 6 + Each additional line up to Twenty 0 6 + +From the Official Stamp Returns published April 5, 1854, it appears that +during the three preceding years, 1851, 1852, and 1853, the Stamps supplied +to each of the undermentioned Journals gave them an average sale of-- + + GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND + AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 6277 + Era 5500 + Wesleyan Times 5094 + Magnet 4705 + Examiner 4694 + Mark Lane Express 4500 + Evening Mail 4488 + Field 4409 + Morning Herald 4021 + Daily News 3910 + Guardian 3904 + Economist 3837 + British Banner 3798 + Record 3736 + Watchman 3681 + Nonconformist 2987 + Spectator 2856 + St. James's Chronicle 2844 + Morning Post 2652 + Sun 2539 + Morning Chronicle 2364 + Britannia 2329 + Express 2235 + Leader 2140 + Herapath's Journal 2066 + John Bull 2020 + Globe 1926 + Weekly News 1709 + United Service Gazette 1708 + Railway Times 1641 + Atlas 1479 + Standard 1456 + Naval and Military Gazette 1313 + Patriot 1304 + Gardeners' and Farmers' Journal 752 + +OFFICE FOR ADVERTISEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS, + +5. Upper Wellington Street, Covent Garden, London. + + * * * * * + + +SECOND-HAND BOOKS.--Gratis and Post Free, a New Catalogue of Good and Cheap +Books, on Sale by SOTHERAN & CO., 331. Strand (opposite Somerset House). +Libraries purchased. + + * * * * * + + +This Day, Cheaper Edition, Two Volumes, fcap. 8vo., 9s., + +FRIENDS IN COUNCIL. + +London: JOHN W. PARKER & SON, West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +THE CAMDEN SOCIETY for the Publication of Early Historical and Literary +Remains. + +The ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING will be held at the FREEMASON'S TAVERN, Great +Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, on TUESDAY, MAY 2, at Four o'clock. +LORD BRAYBROOKE, the President, in the Chair. + + WILLIAM J. THOMS, Secretary. + + * * * * * + +The following are the Publications of the Society which have been issued +during the past year:-- + +I. PROMPTORIUM PARVULORUM: Tom. II. Edited by ALBERT WAY, Esq., M.A., +F.S.A. + +II. REGULÆ INCLUSARUM: THE ANCREN REWLE. A Treatise on the Rules and Duties +of Monastic Life, in the Anglo-Saxon Dialect of the 13th Century. Edited by +the REV. JAMES MORTON, B.D., Prebendary of Lincoln. + +III. LETTERS OF THE LADY BRILLIANA HARLEY: 1625-1643. Edited by the REV. T. +T. LEWIS, M.A. + +IV. THE HOUSEHOLD ROLL OF RICHARD SWINFIELD, BISHOP OF HEREFORD, 18 Edw. I. +Vol. I. Edited by the REV. JOHN WEBB, M.A., F.S.A. + + * * * * * + +The Subscription to the Society is 1l. per annum, which becomes due on the +1st of May. + +Communications from gentlemen desirous of becoming Members may be addressed +to the Secretary, or to MESSRS. NICHOLS, No. 25. Parliament Street, +Westminster; by whom the Subscriptions are received. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, with ten coloured Engravings, price 5s., + +NOTES ON AQUATIC MICROSCOPIC SUBJECTS OF NATURAL HISTORY, selected from the +"Microscopic Cabinet." By ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I. + +Also, in 8vo., pp. 720, plates 24, price 21s., or coloured, 36s., + +A HISTORY OF INFUSORIAL ANIMALCULES, Living and Fossil, containing +Descriptions of every species, British and Foreign, the methods of +procuring and viewing them, &c., illustrated by numerous Engravings. By +ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I. + + "There is no work extant in which so much valuable information + concerning Infusoria (Animalcules) can be found, and every Microscopist + should add it to his library."--_Silliman's Journal._ + +London: WHITTAKER & CO., Ave Maria Lane. + + * * * * * + + +SMEE'S BINOCULAR PERSPECTIVE PHOTOGRAPHS.--A full account of the mode of +taking these extraordinary Likenesses in "Smee on the Eye," just published, +price 5s. + +HORNE, THORNTHWAITE & WOOD, 123. Newgate Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +{390} + +THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CLXXXVIII., is published THIS DAY. + + CONTENTS: + I. LAURENCE STERNE. + II. SACRED GEOGRAPHY. + III. THE WHIG PARTY. + IV. THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE. + V. CRIMINAL LAW DIGEST. + VI. THE TURKS AND THE GREEKS. + VII. TREASURES OF ART IN BRITAIN. + VIII. NEW REFORM BILL. + +JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street. + + * * * * * + + +Now ready, No. VI., 2s. 6d., published Quarterly. + +RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW (New Series); consisting of Criticisms upon, Analyses +of, and Extracts from, Curious, Useful, Valuable, and Scarce Old Books. + +Vol. I., 8vo., pp. 436, cloth 10s. 6d., is also ready. + +JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square, London. + + * * * * * + + +NORTH BRITISH REVIEW. No. XLI. MAY. Price 6s. + + CONTENTS. + I. THE PLURALITY OF WORLDS. + II. BRITISH AND CONTINENTAL CHARACTERISTICS. + III. THE UNION WITH ENGLAND AND SCOTTISH NATIONALITY. + IV. CHRISTIANITY IN THE SECOND CENTURY, AND THE CHRISTIAN EVIDENCES. + V. THE ART OF EDUCATION. + VI. RUSKIN AND ARCHITECTURE, PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE. + VII. PROFESSOR FORBES AND MR. LLOYD IN SCANDINAVIA. + VIII. AUGUSTE COMTE AND POSITIVISM. + +Edinburgh: W. P. KENNEDY. London: HAMILTON, ADAMS, & CO. Dublin: J. +McGLASHAN. + + * * * * * + + +SIR ARCHIBALD ALISON'S NEW HISTORY. + +THE HISTORY OF EUROPE, from the Fall of Napoleon to the Accession of Louis +Napoleon, in Five Vols. 8vo. Price 15s. each. Vols. I. and II. are +published. + +The THIRD VOLUME, to be published in May, will contain: + +Asia Minor, Greece, Turkey, in 1821--The Greek Revolution, Battle of +Navarino, and Establishment of Greek Independence--The war between Russia +and Turkey, 1827-1829--France to the Revolution of 1830, &c. &c. + +WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh and London. + + * * * * * + + +MISS STRICKLAND'S SCOTTISH QUEENS. + +This Day is published, a Second Edition of Vols. I. and II. of + +LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, AND ENGLISH PRINCESSES connected with the +Regal Succession of Great Britain. By AGNES STRICKLAND. + +The Volumes published contain:--1. Life of Margaret Tudor, Magdalene of +France, and Mary of Lorraine. 2. Continuation of Mary of Lorraine, Margaret +Douglas, Countess of Lennox. 3. and 4. Life of Mary Stuart. + +Price 10s. 6d. each, with Portraits and Historical Vignettes. + +The Fifth Volume will be published early in Summer. + +WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh and London. + + * * * * * + + +MURRAY'S BRITISH CLASSICS.--The new Volume of this Series of STANDARD +EDITIONS of ENGLISH AUTHORS, contains the Third Volume of CUNNINGHAM'S +EDITION OF GOLDSMITH'S WORKS, and is now published; and the Fourth Volume, +completing the Work, will be ready early in May. + + ALBEMARLE STREET, + _April 29th, 1854_. + + * * * * * + + +RECENT PUBLICATIONS OF THE CAMBRIDGE ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY. + +QUARTO SERIES. + +Evangelia Augustini Gregoriana. By the REV. J. GOODWIN, B.D. 20s. + +An Historical Inquiry touching St. Catherine of Alexandria, illustrated by +a Semi-Saxon Legend. By the REV. C. HARDWICK, M.A. 12s. + +OCTAVO SERIES. + +I. Anglo-Saxon Legends of St. Andrew and St. Veronica. By C. W. GOODWIN, +M.A. 3s. 6d. + +II. Græco-Egyptian Fragment on Magic. By C. W. GOODWIN, M.A. 3s. 6d. + +III. Ancient Cambridgeshire. By C. C. BABINGTON, M.A. 3s. 6d. + +Reports and Communications, Nos. I. and II. 1s. each. + +Index to Baker Manuscripts. 7s. 6d. + +J. DEIGHTON: MACMILLAN & CO., Cambridge. + +JOHN W. PARKER & SON, and GEORGE BELL, London. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S STANDARD LIBRARY FOR MAY. + +LOCKE'S PHILOSOPHICAL WORKS, containing the "Essay on the Human +Understanding," the "Conduct of the Understanding," &c., with Preliminary +Discourse and Notes, by J. A. ST. JOHN, ESQ. In Two Volumes. With Portrait. +Vol. I. Post 8vo. cloth. 3s. 6d. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S BRITISH CLASSICS FOR MAY. + +ADDISON'S WORKS, with the Notes of BISHOP HURD. With Portrait and +Engravings on Steel. Vol. III. Post 8vo. cloth. 3s. 6d. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOR MAY. + +CATULLUS, TIBULLUS and THE VIGIL OF VENUS. A literal Prose Translation. To +which are added Metrical Versions by LAMB, GRAINGER, and others. With +Frontispiece. Post 8vo. cloth, 5s. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +BOHN'S ECCLESIASTICAL LIBRARY FOR MAY. + +THEODORET AND EVAGRIUS. Histories of the Church, from A.D. 322 to A.D. 427, +and from A.D. 431 to A.D. 544. Translated from the Greek, with General +Index. Post 8vo. cloth, 5s. + +HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, Covent Garden. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, in 8vo., with Views, price, in cloth, 6s. 6d.; or, large +paper (royal 8vo.), price, in cloth, 12s. + +DESCRIPTIVE AND HISTORICAL NOTICES of NORTHUMBRIAN CASTLES, CHURCHES, and +ANTIQUITIES. By WILLIAM SIDNEY GIBSON, Esq., F.S.A.--THIRD SERIES: +Comprising Visits to Naworth Castle, Lanercost Priory, and Corby Castle, in +Cumberland: the ruined Monasteries of Brinkburn, Jarrow, and Tynemouth; +Bishop Middleham, and the Town of Hartlepool; Newcastle-on-Tyne, and Durham +Cathedral. + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +Now ready, in 16mo., price 1s. + +MOROCCO, its PRESENT STATE: A Chapter of Mussulman Civilisation. By XAVIER +DURRIEU. Forming Part 60 of the "Traveller's Library." + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, in fcp. 8vo., price, in cloth, 6s. + +THE STATISTICAL COMPANION for 1854: exhibiting the most interesting Facts +in Moral and Intellectual, Vital, Economical, and Political Statistics, at +Home and Abroad. Compiled by T. C. BANFIELD, Esq. + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of +upwards of 100 articles, consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, +Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and +other travelling requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on +receipt of Two Stamps. + +MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their +Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new +Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles +of the kind ever produced. + +J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +CHUBB'S LOCKS, with all the recent improvements. Strong fire-proof safes, +cash and deed boxes. Complete list of sizes and prices may be had on +application. + +CHUBB & SON, 57. St. Paul's Churchyard, London; 28. Lord Street, Liverpool; +16. Market Street, Manchester; and Horseley Fields, Wolverhampton. + + * * * * * + + +ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE. MESSRS. S. ALLSOPP & SONS beg to inform the +TRADE that they are now registering Orders for the March Brewings of their +PALE ALE in Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the BREWERY, +Burton-on-Trent; and at the under-mentioned Branch Establishments: + + LONDON, at 61. King William Street, City. + LIVERPOOL, at Cook Street. + MANCHESTER, at Ducie Place. + DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree. + GLASGOW, at 115. St. Vincent Street. + DUBLIN, at 1. Crampton Quay. + BIRMINGHAM, at Market Hall. + SOUTH WALES, at 13. King Street, Bristol. + +MESSRS. ALLSOPP & SONS take the opportunity of announcing to PRIVATE +FAMILIES that their ALES, so strongly recommended by the Medical +Profession, may be procured in DRAUGHT and BOTTLES GENUINE from all the +most RESPECTABLE LICENSED VICTUALLERS, on "ALLSOPP'S PALE ALE" being +specially asked for. + +When in bottle, the genuineness of the label can be ascertained by its +having "ALLSOPP & SONS" written across it. + + * * * * * + + +{391} + +_LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 23, 1854._ + +Notes. + +CURIOUS OLD PAMPHLET. + +Grubbing among old pamphlets, the following has turned up: + + "A Fragment of an Essay towards the most ancient Histories of the Old + and New Worlds, connected. Intended to be carried on in four Parts or + Æras. That is, from the Creation of all Things to the Time of the + Deluge: thence to the Birth of Abraham: from that Period to the Descent + of Jacob and his Family into Egypt: and, lastly, to the Time of the + Birth of Moses. Attempted to be executed in Blank Verse, 8vo. pp. 59. + Printed in the year 1765." + +This Miltonic rhapsody supposes Adam, when verging on his nine hundreth +year, to have assembled his descendants to a kind of jubilee, when +sacrifices, and other antediluvian solemnities, being observed, "Seth, the +pious son of his comfort, gravely arose, and, after due obedience to the +first of men, humbly beseeched the favour to have their memories refreshed +by a short history of the marvellous things in the beginning." Then Adam +thus:--Hereupon the anonymous author puts into the mouth of the great +progenitor of the human race a history of the Creation, in blank verse, in +accordance with the Mosaic and orthodox account. Concluding his revelations +without reference to the Fall, Seth would interrogate their aged sire upon +what followed thence, when Adam excuses himself from the painful recital by +predicting the special advent in after times of a mind equal to that task: + + "But of this Fall, this heart-felt, deep-felt lapse, + This Paradise thus lost, no mortal man + Shall sing which lives on earth. + Far distant hence + In farther distant times, fair Liberty + Shall reign, queen of the Seas, and lady of + The Isles; nay, sovereign of the world's repose. + And Peace! + In her a mighty genius shall + Arise, of high ethereal mould, great in + Renown, sublime, superior far to praise + Of sublunary man--or Fame herself. + Though blind to all things here on earth below, + The heav'ns of heav'ns themselves shall he explore, + And soar on high with strong, with outstretched wings! + There sing of marvels not to be conceived, + Express'd, or thought by any but himself!" + +This curious production is avowedly from the other side of the Tweed, and I +would ask if its paternity is known to any of your antiquarian +correspondents there or here. + +The Fragment is preceded by a very remarkable Preface, containing "some +reasons why this little piece has thus been thrown off in such a loose and +disorderly manner;" among which figure the desire "to disperse a parcel of +them gratis,--because they are, perhaps, worth nothing; that nobody may pay +for his folly but himself; that, if his Fragment is damned, which it +probably may be, he will thenceforth drop any farther correspondence with +Adam, Noah, Abraham, &c.; and, lastly, that he may be benefited by the +criticisms upon its faults and failings, while he himself lurks cunningly +behind the curtain. But if, after all," says the facetious author, "this +little northern urchin shall chance to spring forward under the influence +of a more southern and warmer sun, the author will then endeavour to bring +his goods to market as plump, fresh, and fair as the soil will admit." + +I presume, however, the public did not call for any of the farther +instalments promised in the title. + +J. O. + + * * * * * + +ERRATA IN PRINTED BIBLES. + +Mr. D'Israeli, in his _Curiosities of Literature_, has an article entitled +"The Pearl Bibles and Six Thousand Errata," in which he gives some notable +specimens of the blunders perpetrated in the printing of Bibles in earlier +times. The great demand for them prompted unscrupulous persons to supply it +without much regard to carefulness or accuracy; and, besides, printers were +not so expert as at the present day. + + "The learned Ussher," Mr. D'Israeli tells us, "one day hastening to + preach at Paul's Cross, entered the shop of one of the stationers, as + booksellers were then called, and inquiring for a Bible of the London + edition, when he came to look for his text, to his astonishment and his + horror he discovered that the verse was omitted in the Bible! This gave + the first occasion of complaint to the king, of the insufferable + negligence and incapacity of the London press; and first bred that + great contest which followed between the University of Cambridge and + the London stationers, about the right of printing Bibles." + +Even during the reign of Charles I., and in the time of the Commonwealth, +the manufacture of spurious Bibles was carried on to an alarming extent. +English Bibles were fabricated in Holland for cheapness, without any regard +to accuracy. Twelve thousand of these (12mo.) Bibles, with notes, were +seized by the King's printers as being contrary to the statute; and a large +impression of these Dutch-English Bibles were burned, by order of the +Assembly of Divines, for certain errors. The Pearl (24mo.) Bible, printed +by Field, in 1653, contains some scandalous blunders;--for instance, +Romans, vi. 13.: "Neither yield ye your members as instruments of +_righteousness_ unto sin"--for _unrighteousness_. 1 Cor. vi. 9.: "Know ye +not that {392} the unrighteous _shall inherit_ the kingdom of God?"--for +_shall not inherit_. + +The printer of Miles Coverdale's Bible, which was finished in 1535, and of +which only two perfect copies, I believe, are known to exist--one in the +British Museum, the other in the library of the Earl of Jersey--deserves +some commendation for his accuracy. At the end of the New Testament is the +following solitary erratum: + + "A faute escaped in pryntyng the New Testament. Upon the fourth leafe, + the first syde in the sixth chapter of S. Mathew, 'Seke ye first the + kingdome of heaven,' read, 'Seke ye first the kingdome of God.'" + +ABHBA. + + * * * * * + +IMPOSSIBILITIES OF HISTORY. + +"That unworthy hand." + +I am not aware that the fact of Cranmer's holding his right hand in the +flames till it was consumed has been questioned. Fox says: + + "He stretched forth his right hand into the flames, and there held it + so stedfast that all the people might see it burnt to a coal before his + body was touched."--P. 927. ed. Milner, London, 1837, 8vo. + +Or, as the passage is given in the last edition,-- + + "And when the wood was kindled, and the fire began to burn near him, he + put his right hand into the flame, which he held so stedfast and + immovable (saving that once with the same hand he wiped his face), that + all men might see his hand burned before his body was touched."--_Acts + and Monuments_, ed. 1839, vol. viii. p. 90. + +Burnet is more circumstantial: + + "When he came to the stake he prayed, and then undressed himself: and + being tied to it, as the fire was kindling, he stretched forth his + right hand towards the flame, never moving it, save that once he wiped + his face with it, till it was burnt away, which was consumed before the + fire reached his body. He expressed no disorder from the pain he was + in; sometimes saying, 'That unworthy hand;' and oft crying out, 'Lord + Jesus, receive my spirit.' He was soon after quite burnt."--_Hist. of + the Reformation_, vol. iii. p. 429., ed. 1825. + +Hume says: + + "He stretched out his hand, and, without betraying either by his + countenance or motions the least sign of weakness, or even feeling, he + held it in the flames till it was entirely consumed."--Hume, vol. iv. + p. 476. + +It is probable that Hume believed this, for while Burnet states positively +as a fact, though only inferentially as a miracle, that "the heart was +found entire and unconsumed among the ashes," Hume says, "it was pretended +that his heart," &c. + +I am not about to discuss the character of Cranmer: a timid man might have +been roused under such circumstances into attempting to do what it is said +he did. The laws of physiology and combustion show that he could not have +gone beyond the attempt. If a furnace were so constructed, that a man might +hold his hand in the flame without burning his body, the shock to the +nervous system would deprive him of all command over muscular action before +the skin could be "entirely consumed." If the hand were chained over the +fire, the shock would produce death. + +In this case the fire was unconfined. Whoever has seen the effect of flame +in the open air, must know that the vast quantity sufficient entirely to +consume a human hand, must have destroyed the life of its owner; though, +from a peculiar disposition of the wood, the vital parts might have been +protected. + +The entire story is utterly impossible. May we, guided by the words "as the +fire was kindling," believe that he _then_ thrust his right hand into the +flame--a practice I believe not unusual with our martyrs, and peculiarly +suitable to him--and class the "holding it till consumed" with the whole +and unconsumed heart? + +I may observe that in the accounts of martyrdoms little investigation was +made as to what was possible. Burnet, describing Hooper's execution, says, +"one of his hands fell off before he died, with the other he continued to +knock on his breast some time after." This, I have high medical authority +for saying, could not be. + +H. B. C. + +U. U. Club. + + * * * * * + +UNREGISTERED PROVERBS. + +In Mr. Trench's charming little book on _Proverbs_, 2nd ed., p. 31., he +remarks: + + "There are not a few (proverbs), as I imagine, which, living on the + lips of men, have yet never found their way into books, however worthy + to have done so; either because the sphere in which they circulate has + continued always a narrow one, or that the occasions which call them + out are very rare, or that they, having only lately risen up, have not + hitherto attracted the attention of any one who cared to record them. + It would be well, if such as take an interest in the subject, and are + sufficiently well versed in the proverbial literature of their own + country to recognise such unregistered proverbs when they meet them, + would secure them from that perishing, which, so long as they remain + merely oral, might easily overtake them; and would make them at the + same time, what all _good_ proverbs ought certainly to be, the common + heritage of all." + + "_Note._--The pages of the excellent _Notes and Queries_ would no doubt + be open to receive such, and in them they might be safely garnered up," + &c. + +I trust this appeal of Mr. Trench's will be at once responded to by both +the editor and correspondents of this periodical. With the former {393} +must rest the responsibility of withholding from reproduction any proverbs, +which though sent him as novelties, may be already registered in the +recognised collections. + +Mr. Trench's first contribution to this _bouquet_ of the wild flowers of +proverbial lore is the following, from Ireland: + + "'_The man on the dyke always hurls well._' The looker on," says Mr. + Trench in explanation, "at a game of hurling, seated indolently on the + wall, always imagines that he could improve on the strokes of the + actual players, and if you will listen to him, would have played the + game much better than they, a proverb of sufficiently wide + application."--P. 32. + +Each proverb sent in should be accompanied with a statement of the class +among whom, or the locality in which, it is current. The index to "N. & Q." +should contain a reference to every proverb published in its pages, under +the head of _Unregistered Proverbs_, or _Proverbs_ only. Correspondents +should bear in mind the essential requisite of a proverb, _currency_. Curt, +sharp sayings might easily be multiplied; what is wanted, however, is a +collection of such only as have that prerequisite of admission into the +ranks of recognised proverbs. And while contributors should not lose sight +of "the stamp of merit," as that which renders the diffusion of proverbs +beneficial to mankind, still they should not reject a genuine proverb for +want of that characteristic, remembering that,-- + + "'Tween man and man, they weight not every stamp; + Though light, take pieces for the _figure's_ sake." + +And that the mere _form_ of a proverb often affords some indication of its +age and climate, even where the _matter_ is spurious. I have a large MS. +collection of English proverbs by me, from which I doubt not I shall be +able to extract some few which have never yet been admitted into any +published collection. Of these at some future time. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + + [We shall be happy to do all in our power to carry out this very + excellent suggestion.--Ed. "N. & Q."] + + * * * * * + +MR. JUSTICE TALFOURD. + +The noble sentiments uttered by Justice Talfourd in his last moments gave a +charm to his sudden death, and shed a hallowed beauty about the painfully +closing scenes of this great man. I want them to have a niche in "N. & Q.," +and along with them a passage from his beautiful tragedy of _Ion_, which +may be considered as a transcript of those thoughts which filled his mind +on the very eve of quitting the high and honourable duties of his earthly +course. It forcibly illustrates the loving soul, the kind heart, and the +amiable character of this deeply lamented judge. + +After speaking of the peculiar aspect of crime in that part of the country +where he delivered his last charge, he goes on to say: + + "I cannot help myself thinking it may be in no small degree + attributable to that separation between class and class, which is the + great curse of British society, and for which we are all, more or less, + in our respective spheres, in some degree responsible, and which is + more complete in these districts than in agricultural districts, where + the resident gentry are enabled to shed around them the blessings + resulting from the exercise of benevolence, and the influence and + example of active kindness. I am afraid we all of us keep too much + aloof from those beneath us, and whom we thus encourage to look upon us + with suspicion and dislike. Even to our servants we think, perhaps, we + fulfil our duty when we perform our contract with them--when we pay + them their wages, and treat then with the civility consistent with our + habits and feelings--when we curb our temper, and use no violent + expressions towards them. But how painful is the thought, that there + are men and women growing up around us, ministering to our comforts and + necessities, continually inmates of our dwellings, with whose + affections and nature we are as much unacquainted as if they were the + inhabitants of some other sphere. This feeling, arising from that kind + of reserve peculiar to the English character, does, I think, greatly + tend to prevent that mingling of class with class, that reciprocation + of kind words and gentle affections, gracious admonitions and kind + inquiries, which often, more than any book-education, tend to the + culture of the affections of the heart, refinement and elevation of the + character of those to whom they are addressed. And if I were to be + asked what is the great want of English society--to mingle class with + class--I would say, in one word, the want is the want of sympathy." + +Act I. Sc. 2. After Clemanthe has told Ion that, forsaking all within his +house, and risking his life with strangers, he can do but little for their +aid, Ion replies: + + "It is little: + But in these sharp extremities of fortune, + The blessings which the weak and poor can scatter + Have their own season. 'Tis a little thing + To give a cup of water; yet its draught + Of cool refreshment, drain'd by fever'd lips, + May give a shock of pleasure to the frame + More exquisite than when nectarean juice + Renews the life of joy in happiest hours. + It is a little thing to speak a phrase + Of common comfort, which, by daily use, + Has almost lost its sense; yet, on the ear + Of him who thought to die unmourn'd, 'twill fall + Like choicest music; fill the glazing eye + With gentle tears; relax the knotted hand + To know the bonds of fellowship again; + And shed on the departing soul a sense, + More precious than the benison of friends + About the honour'd death-bed of the rich, + {394} + To him who else were lonely, that another + Of the great family is near and feels." + +The analogy is as beautiful as it is true. + +H. M. BEALBY. + +North Brixton. + +Before this talented judge was advanced to the bench, he amused himself and +instructed his clients by occasional _metrical_ notes, of which the annexed +is a specimen. To make it intelligible to those whom it may _not_ concern, +I must add an explanation by the attorney in the suit, who has obligingly +placed the learned serjeant's notes at my disposal. This gentleman says: +"These notes are in the margin of a brief held by the serjeant as leading +counsel in an action of ejectment brought against a person named Rock, in +1842. In converting into rhyme the evidence of the witness Hopkins, as set +out in the brief, he has adhered strictly to the statements, whilst he has +at the same time seized the prominent points of the testimony as supporting +the case." + + John Hopkins will identify the spot, + Unless his early sports are quite forgot, + And from his youngest recollection show + The house fell down some forty years ago. + And then--a case of adverse claim to meet, + Show how the land lay open to the street; + And there the children held their harmless rambles, + Till Robert Woolwich built his odious shambles, + And never did the playmates fear a shock, + From anything so hateful as a _Rock_. + +Perhaps the above may elicit from other quarters similar contributions; +indeed, any memorial of the friend of Charles Lamb must be precious to the +Muse. + +T. J. BUCKTON. + +Lichfield. + + * * * * * + +THE SCREW PROPELLER. + +In 1781, when the steam engine, only recently improved by Watt, was merely +applied to the more obvious purposes of mine drainage and the like, Darwin, +in his _Botanic Garden_, wrote-- + + "Soon shall thy arm, unconquer'd Steam! afar + Drag the slow barge, or drive the rapid car." + +And in an appended note prophecies that the new agent might "in time be +applied to the rowing of barges, and the moving of carriages along the +road." The ingenious chronicler of the "loves of the plants," however, was +in no doubt, when he wrote, aware of the experiments of D'Auxiron, Perier, +and De Jouffroy; those prosecuted at Dalswinton and in America were some +years later, about 1787-8 I think. But in another and less widely known +poem by the same author, the _Temple of Nature_, published in 1802, there +occurs a very complete anticipation of one of the most important +applications of science to navigation, which may prove as novel and +striking to some of your readers as it did to me. It is, indeed, a +remarkable instance of scientific prevision. In a note to line 373, canto +ii. of the poem, the author sets out with, "The progressive motion of fish +beneath the water is produced principally by the undulation of their +tails;" and after giving the _rationale_ of the process, he goes on to say +that "this power seems to be better adapted to push forward a body in the +water than the oars of boats;" concluding with the query, "Might not some +machinery resembling the tails of fish be placed behind a boat so as to be +moved with greater effect than common oars, by the force of wind or steam?" + +ANON. + + * * * * * + +ANCIENT CHATTEL-PROPERTY IN IRELAND. + +The Memoranda Roll of the Exchequer, 4 & 5 Edward II., membrane 14., +contains a list of the chattel-property of Richard de Fering, Archbishop of +Dublin, which had been sold by Master Walter de Istelep, the custos of said +See, for the sum of 112l. 10s. 9¾d. sterling, consisting, amongst other +things, of-- + + iij affr', price xijs. + xiij bobus, iiij_li_. vs. + xlvij acr' warrectan' & rebinand' ibidem, lxxs. vjd. + ij carucis cum apparatu, iiijs. + v crannoc' frumenti ad semen & liberationes famulorum ibidem sibi + venditis per predictum custodem, xxijs. vjd. + xj crannoc', iij bussellis aven', xxxixs. iijd. + iij carucis cum apparatu, vjs. + +The chattel-property of Sir James Delahyde is set forth upon the Memoranda +Roll 3 & 4 Rich. II., mem. 3. _dorso_, and is as follows: + + "Unu' collobiu' de rubio scarleto duplucat' c[=u] panno rubio, unu' + collobiu' duplex de sanguineto et Bukhorn', unu' collobi[=u] duplex, de + sanguineto et nigro, unu' gip' de serico auro int'text furrat' c[=u] + menivero, unu' gyp' de rubio et nigro furrat' cu' calibir', unu' gyp' + furrat cu' grys, unu' paltok' de nigro serico, unu' paltok de nigro + panno, unu' paltok' de nigro Bustian, duo cap'icia, una' pec' de rubio + Wyrset, unam pec' de nigro Wyrset, una' pec' panni linei vocat' + Westenale, quinq; pec' Aule pro camera & Aula, tres curtynis c[=u] uno + celuro de rubio Wyrset, quinq; mappas, duas pelves c[=u] lavatorio & + quatuor p'ia secular'." + +Upon the attainder of William Fytzhenry of Dublin, "Capytayn," in the reign +of Edward VI., it was found by inquisition that he had "unum torquem aureum +ponder' septem uncias d[=i]," put in pledge for 20l., and worth 22l. +sterling. In this reign "quinque vasa vocat' fyrkyns de prunis" each worth +6s. 8d.; a firkin of wine, 5s., "a fyrkyn de aceto," 6s. 8d.; "quinque +tycks", worth 11s. 8d. each; and "duas duodenas cultellorum," worth 4s., +{395} were brought to Dublin from St. Mallow in Brittany. In this reign +also 200 "grossos arbores," near Drogheda, were valued at 16l.; 18 "porcos" +were worth 40s.; 3 "modios frumenti" worth 20s.; and 5 "lagenas butteri," +20s. During this reign a sum of 300l. was paid out of the Treasury to Sir +William Seyntloo, for the purpose of fortifying, &c. the Castle of Dyngham, +called "The Governor of Offayley," of which sum he paid to Matthew Lynete, +the Clerk of the Ordnance,-- + + For the hire of 4 carts from Dublin to the forte, 28th December, 71s. + 1½d. ster. + + 3 other carts from Dublin to the sayd forte, 27th March, 2 Edw. VI., + 40s. + + The carters that came from Dublin to the forte, 15th January and 19th + April, 2 Edw. VI., for the hire of 4 cartes by the space of 6 dayes, + 53s. 4d. + +In the 6 Edward VI. the goods of Thomas Rothe of Kilkenny, merchant, which +were seized by a searcher at Waterford, consisted of "30 pecias auri vocat' +Crussades," and "un' wegge argenti ponderant' xvj uncias argenti precij +cujuslibet uncie, 4s." + +In the same year the property of Andrew Tyrrell, a merchant of Athboy, +consisted of-- + + Unam fardellam sive paccam, containing _Sterling._ + unam peciam de lychefeldkerfeys, price 36s. + Unam peciam de greneclothe 4l. + Di' duoden' pellium vocat' red leese 3s. 4d. + 2 duoden' de orphell skynnes 8s. 4d. + 6 duoden' de Rosell gyrdels 12s. + Sex libr' de Brymstone 2s. + 3 dudoen' de playng cardes 10s. + Un' gross' de fyne knyves 48s. + 26 libr' cerici voc' sylke 8l. 13s. 4d. + Un' gross' de red poynts [104s. or 4s.] + Un' duoden' de pennars [102s. or 2s.] + Sex libr' de bykeres 102s. + 1000 pynnes 20d. + Sex rubeas crumenas 2s. + Un' bagam de droggs 4s. + Un' burden' de stele 3s. + Sex boxes de comfetts 12s. + 6 duoden' de lokyng glasses 18d. + Un' bolte de threde 2s. 8d. + Duas fyrkins de soketts 5s. + Duas duoden' de combes 12d. + 2 lb. of packethrede 6d. + 1 doz. of great bells 16d. + One payre of ballaunce 8d. + One piece of red cloth 4l. + +In Queen Mary's time, in Ireland, a yard of black velvet was valued at 20s. +sterling; a yard of purple-coloured damask, at 13s. 4d. sterling; and a +yard of tawny-coloured damask, at 10s. sterling. + +The foregoing have been taken from the ancient records of the Irish +Exchequer. + +JAMES F. FERGUSON. + +Dublin. + + * * * * * + +BISHOP ATTERBURY. + +I have observed in some former Numbers of "N. & Q.," that an interest has +been manifested in regard to the writings, and especially to the letters, +of this prelate. It may therefore be interesting to your readers to be +informed, that an original painting, and perhaps the only one, of the +Bishop, is preserved at Trelawny House in Cornwall; and from its close +resemblance to the engraved portrait which is found in his works, I have no +doubt it is that from which that likeness was taken. There are also several +letters in the handwriting of Bishop Atterbury among the documents +preserved in the collection at that ancient mansion. That this portrait and +the letters should be preserved at Trelawny, is explained by the fact, that +before his elevation to the episcopal bench, Dr. Atterbury was chaplain to +Bishop Trelawny. + +J. C. + +Lines by Bishop Atterbury on Mr. Harley being stabbed by Guiscard: + + "Devotum ut cordi sensit sub pectore ferrum, + Immoto Harlæus saucius ore stetit. + Dum tamen huic læta gratatur voce senatus, + Confusus subito pallor in ore sedet. + O pudor! O virtus! partes quam dignus utrasque + Sustinuit, vultu dispare, laude pari." + +I found these lines written on the back of an odd volume of Atterbury's +_Sermons_. Most likely they have already appeared in print. + +E. H. A. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +"_Milton Blind._"--A little poem bearing this title, and commencing,-- + + "Though I am old and blind," + +is said to have been included in an edition of the poet's works recently +published at Oxford. It was written by Miss Lloyd, a lady of this city, a +short time ago. + +UNEDA. + +Philadelphia. + +_Hydropathy._--For a long time, I believe in common with many others, I +have imagined that the water cure is of late origin, and that we are +indebted for it to Germany, to which we look for all novel quackeries (good +and bad) in medicine and theology. This belief was put to flight a short +time ago by a pamphlet which I discovered among others rare and curious. It +is entitled _Curiosities of Common Water, or the Advantages thereof in +preventing and curing many Distempers_. The price of the pamphlet was one +shilling, and the author rejoices in the name of John Smith. After his name +follows a motto, the doctrine of which it {396} is the duty of all licensed +to kill according to law strenuously to protest against both by argument +and practice: + + "That's the best physick which doth cure our ills + Without the charge of pothecaries pills." + +E. W. J. + +Crawley. + +_Cassie._--MR. M. A. LOWER (a correspondent of "N. & Q."), in his _Essays +on English Surnames_ (see vol. ii. p. 63.), quotes from a brochure on +Scottish family names. He seems, from a footnote, to be in difficulty about +the word _cassie._ May I suggest to him that it is a corruption of +"causeway?" + +The "causeway" is, in Scotch towns, an usual name for a particular street; +and of a man's surname, his place of residence is a most common source of +derivation. + +W. T. M. + +_The Duke of Wellington._--Lord de Grey, in his _Characteristics of the +Duke of Wellington_, pp. 171, 172., gives the following extract from the +despatches published by Colonel Gurwood, and refers to vol. viii. p. 292. + + "It would undoubtedly be better if _language_ of this description were + never used, and if officers placed as you were could correct errors and + neglect in _language, which should not hurt the feelings_ of the person + addressed, and without vehemence." + +Compare this passage with the following advice which Don Quixote gives to +Sancho Panza before he sets off to take possession of his government: + + "Al che has de castigar con obras, no trates mal con palabras, pues le + basta al desdichado la pena del suplicio sin la anadidura de las malas + rezones."--Part II. ch. xlii. + +See translation of _Don Quixote_ by Jarvis, vol. iv. b. III. ch. x. p. +76.[1] + +The very depreciatory terms in which the Emperor Napoleon used to speak of +the Duke of Wellington as a general is well known. The following extract +from Forsyth's _Napoleon at St. Helena and Sir Hudson Lowe_, appears to me +worthy of being brought under the notice of the readers of "N. & Q.:" + + "After the governor had left the house (upon the death of Napoleon he + had gone to the house of the deceased with Major Gorrequer to make an + inventory of and seal up his papers), Count Montholon called back Major + Gorrequer to ask him a question, and he mentioned that he had been + searching for a paper dictated to him by Napoleon a long time + previously, and which he was sorry he could not find, as it was a + _eulogium on the Duke of Wellington_, in which Napoleon had spoken in + the highest terms of praise of the military conduct of the Duke."--See + vol. iii. p. 299. + +J. W. FARRER. + +[Footnote 1: Jarvis translates the passage in _Don Quixote_,--"Him you are +to punish with deeds, do no evil; intreat with words, for the pain of the +punishment is enough for the wretch to bear, without the addition of +ill-language."] + +_Romford Jury._--The following entry appears on the court register of the +Romford Petty Sessions (in Havering Liberty) for the year 1730, relating to +the trial of two men charged with an assault on Andrew Palmer. As a curious +illustration of the manner in which justice was administered in country +parts in "the good old times," I think it may be interesting to the readers +of "N. & Q." + + "The jury could not for several hours agree on their verdict, seven + being inclinable to find the defendants guilty, and the others not + guilty. It was therefore proposed by the foreman to put twelve + shillings in a hat, and hustle most heads or tails, whether guilty or + not guilty. The defendants, therefore, were acquitted, the chance + happening in favour of not guilty." + +E. J. SAGE. + +_Edward Law (Lord Ellenborough), Chief Justice._--J. M.'s quotation of the +song in the _Supplement to the Court of Sessions Garland_ (Vol. ix., p. +221.), reminds me of the lines on Mr. Law's being made Chief Justice: + + "What signifies now, quirk, quibble, or flaw, + Since _Law_ is made _Justice_, seek justice from _Law_." + +W. COLLYNS. + +Drewsteignton. + +_Chamisso._--Chamisso, in his poem of "The Three Sisters," who, crushed +with misery, contended that each had the hardest lot, has this fine passage +by the last speaker: + + "In one brief sentence all my bitter cause + Of sorrow dwells--thou arbiter! oh, pause + Ere yet thy final judgment thou assign, + And learn my better right--too clearly proved. + Four words comprise it--I was never loved: + The palm of grief thou wilt allow is mine." + + "He knew humanity--there can be no grief like that grief. Death had + bereaved one sister of her lover--the second mourned over her fallen + idol's shame--the third exultingly says,-- + + 'Have they not lived and loved?'" + +The above is written in a beautiful Italian female hand on the fly-leaf-of +the _Basia_, 1775. + +E. D. + +_Dates of Maps._--It is very much to be wished that map-makers would always +affix to their maps the date of their execution; the want of this in the +maps of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge has often been an +annoyance to me, for it frequently happens that one or both of two maps +including the same district are without date, {397} and when they differ in +some of the minor details, it requires some time and trouble to find, from +other sources, which is the most modern, and therefore likely to be the +most accurate. + +J. S. WARDEN. + +_Walton._--The following cotemporary notice of the decease and character of +honest Isaac's son, is from a MS. Diary of the Rev. John Lewis, Rector of +Chalfield and Curate of Tilbury: + + "1719, Dec. 29. Mr. Canon Walton of Polshott died at Salisbury; he was + one of the members of the clergy club that meets at Melksham, and a + very pious, sober, learned, inoffensive, charitable, good man." + +E. D. + +_Whittington's Stone on Highgate Hill._--It is well that there is a "N. & +Q." to record the removal and disappearance of noted objects and relics of +antiquity, as one after another disappears before the destroying hand of +Time, and more ruthless and relentless spirit of enterprise. I have to ask +you on the present occasion to record the removal of Whittington's stone on +Highgate Hill. I discovered it as I strolled up the hill a few days since. +I was informed that it was removed about a fortnight since, and a +public-house is now being built where it stood. + +TEE BEE. + +_Turkey and France._--The following fact, taken from the foreign +correspondence of _The Times_, may suitably seek perpetuity in a corner of +"N. & Q." + + "I wish to mention a curious fact connected with the port of Toulon, + and with the long existing relations between France and Turkey, and + which I have not seen mentioned, although it is recorded in the + municipal archives of this town. In the year 1543, the sultan, Selim + II., at the request of the King of France, sent a large army and fleet + to his assistance, under the command of the celebrated Turkish admiral + Barbarossa, who, according to the record, was the grandson of a French + renegade. This army and fleet occupied the town and port of Toulon at + the express wish of Francis I., from the end of September 1543, to the + end of March 1544. And on this day, the last of March 1854, a French + army and fleet has sailed from the same port of Toulon to succour the + descendant of the Sultan Selim in his distress. What a remarkable + example of the rise and fall of empires!" + +It will not invalidate the force of the foregoing extract to state, that +Selim II. did not become sultan until 1566, and that it must have been his +father Suleyman (whom he succeeded) who came to the rescue of France in +1543. The same Turkish fleet was afterwards nearly annihilated by the +Venetians in 1571, at the battle of Lepanto. + +GEO. DYMOND. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +A FEMALE AIDE-MAJOR. + +The following is an extract from the letter of the French general, Custine, +to the National Convention, June 14, 1793: + + "My morality is attacked; it is found out that I have a _woman_ for my + aide-de-camp. Without pretending to be a Joseph, I know too well how to + respect myself, and the laws of public decency, ever to render myself + guilty of such an absurdity. I found in the army a woman under the + uniform of a volunteer bombardier, who, in fulfilling that duty at the + siege of Liege, had received a musket-ball in the leg. She presented + herself to the National Convention, desired to continue her military + service, and was admitted to the honours of the sitting. She was + afterwards sent by you, Representatives, to the Minister of War, who + gave her the rank of aide-major to the army. On my arrival here, the + representatives of the people, commissioners with this army, had + dismissed her. Her grief was extreme; and the phrenzy of her + imagination, and her love for glory, would have carried her to the last + extremity. I solicited the representatives of the people to leave her + that rank which her merit and wounds had procured her; and they + consented to it. This is the truth. She is not my aide-de-camp, but + _attached to the staff as aide-major_. Since that time I have never had + any public or private conversation with her."--From the _Political + State of Europe_, 1793, p. 164. + +Can any of your readers furnish me with the name and history of this French +heroine? + +JAMES. + +Philadelphia. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +"_Chintz Gowns._"--Tuesday, Jan. 9, 1768: + + "Two ladies were convicted before the Lord Mayor, in the penalty of + 5l., for wearing chintz gowns."--_Gentleman's Magazine_, vol. xxxviii. + p. 395. + +Can any other instances be given? + +INVESTIGATOR. + +"_Noctes Ambrosianæ._"--Can any one inform me why the celebrated "Noctes +Ambrosianæ" of Blackwood's _Magazine_ has never been printed in a separate +form in this country (I understand it has been so in America)? I should +think few republications would meet with a larger sale. + +S. WMSON. + +_B. Simmons._--Will you permit me to ask for a little information +respecting B. Simmons? I believe he was born in the county of Cork: for he +has sung, in most bewitching strains, his return to his native home on the +banks of the Funcheon. He was the writer of that great poem on the +"Disinterment of Napoleon," which appeared in _Blackwood_ some years ago. +He was a regular {398} poetical contributor to its pages for many years. He +held a situation in the Excise Office in London, and died there I believe +in July, 1852. + +What manner of man was he; young or old, married or single? Any information +respecting such a child of genius and of song must be interesting to those +who have ever read a line of his wondrous poems. To what other periodicals +did he contribute? + +ITH. + +_Green Stockings._--Is the custom of sending a pair of green stockings to +the eldest unmarried daughter of a family, upon the occasion of the +marriage of a younger sister, of English, Irish, or Scottish origin? + +L. A. + +_Nicholas Kieten._--In the thirteenth century, "there was a giant in +Holland named Nicholas Kieten, whose size was so prodigious, that he +carried men under his arms like little children. His shoe was so large, +that four men together could put their feet in it. Children were too +terrified to look him in the face, and fled from his presence." So says our +author; but he does not give the dimensions of Kieten. May not such a real +giant, in the thirteenth century, have laid the foundation of the fabulous +stories of giants that have for so many years been the favourite romances +of the nursery? Kieten appears to be the type of the giants of our modern +pantomimes. Will he serve as a key, to disclose the origin of these +marvellous stories and captivating absurdities? + +TIMON. + +_Warwickshire Badge._--Will you permit me to ask, through your journal, if +any of your readers can inform me whether the proper Warwickshire badge is +"the antelope" or "the bear and ragged staff?" The former is borne by the +6th regiment of the line, they being the Royal First Warwickshire. The +latter is borne by the 36th regiment of militia, they being the First +Warwickshire. This latter badge is also borne by the retainers of the Earls +of Warwick and Leicester; which latter county would seem to lay as much +claim to the bear and ragged staff as Warwick does. + +The county cannot well have both, or either; this makes me think that the +bear and ragged staff is not a _county_ badge, but pertains more properly +to the Earl of Warwick. + +ANTIQUARY. + +_Armorial._--Will any correspondent oblige me with the names to the +following coats: 1. Arg., three hares (or conies) gu. 2. Arg., on a bend +engrailed vert, between two bucks' heads cabossed sable, attired or, three +besants; a canton erminois. 3. Quarterly, per fesse indented sable and or. +4. Per pale sable and or, a cheveron between three escallop shells, all +counterchanged. 5. Gu., a lion rampant arg. Glover's _Ordinary of Arms_ +would, I think, answer the above Query; and if any of your _numerous_ +readers, who possess that valuable work, would refer to it in this case, +they would be conferring a favour on your constant subscriber, + +CID. + +Would any correspondent help me to the solution of the following case?--A. +was the _last_ and _only_ representative of an ancient family; he left at +his decease, some years ago, a daughter and heiress who married B. Can the +issue of B. (having no arms of their own) _legally_ use the arms, +quarterings, crest, and motto of A., without a license from the Heralds' +College? + +CID. + +_Lord Brougham and Horne Tooke._--In Lord Brougham's _Statesmen of the Time +of George III._, he says of Mr. Horne Tooke: + + "Thus he (H. T.) would hold that the law of libel was unjust and + absurd, because _libel_ means a little book." + +Can any of the readers of "N. & Q." say on what occasion Tooke maintained +this strange doctrine, or where his Lordship obtained his information that +Tooke did maintain it? + +Q. + +Bloomsbury. + +_Rileys of Forest Hill._--Can any of your correspondents inform me relative +to the arms and motto of the Rileys of (Forest Hill) Windsor, Berks, their +descent, &c.? + +J. M. R. + +_Fish "Lavidian."_--In some ancient acts of parliament mention is made of a +fish called "lavidian," and from the regulations made concerning it, it +appears to have been of such small size as to be capable of being caught in +the meshes of an ordinary net. But I cannot find that this name is +contained in any of the books of natural history, written by such authors +as Gesner or Rondeletius. Is it at this time a common name anywhere? Or can +any of your readers assist in determining the species? + +J. C. + +"_Poeta nascitur, non fit._"--Can any of your correspondents inform me who +is the author of the well-known saying-- + + "Poeta nascitur, non fit"? + +I have more than once seen it quoted as from Horace, but I have never been +able to find it in any classical author whose works I have examined. Cicero +expresses a similar sentiment in his oration for the poet Archias, cap. +viii.: + + "Atqui sic a summis hominibus eruditissimisque accepimus, ceterarum + rerum studia, et doctrina, et præceptis, et arte constare: poëtam + natura ipsa valere, et mentis viribus excitari, et quasi divino quodam + spiritu inflari." + +J. P. + +Boston, U.S.A. + +{399} + +_John Wesley and the Duke of Wellington._--It has always been understood +that the property bequeathed to the Colleys, who in consequence took the +surname of Wesley, afterwards altered to Wellesley, was offered to and +declined by the father of John Wesley, who would not allow his son to +accept the condition, a residence in Ireland, and the being adopted by the +legatee. Has there been a relationship ever proved between the founder of +the Methodists and the victor of Waterloo? + +PRESTONIENSIS. + +_Haviland_--Can any of your Plymouth correspondents give any information, +as tombs, in memory of persons of the name of Haviland, Havilland, or De +Havilland, existing in the churches of that place, of a date prior to A.D. +1688? Mention is made of such tombs as existing in a letter of that date in +my possession. Also, in what chronicle or history of the Conquest of +England, mention is made of a Sieur de Havilland, as having accompanied +Duke William from Normandy on that occasion? + +D. F. T. + +_Byron._--Will you kindly inform me, through the medium of your "N. & Q.," +whence the line "All went merry as a marriage bell" (in Byron's _Childe +Harold_) is derived? + +C. B. + +"_Rutabaga._"--What is the etymology of the word _rutabaga_? I have heard +one solution of it, but wish to ascertain whether there is any other. The +word is extensively used in the United States for Swedish turnips or +"Swedes." + +LUCCUS. + +_A Medal._--A family in this city possesses a silver medal granted to +Joseph Swift, a native of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, by the University of +Oxford or of Cambridge, of which the following is a description. It is +about two inches in diameter; on the face are the head and bust of Queen +Anne in profile, with an inscription setting forth her royal title, and on +the reverse a full-length figure of Britannia, with ships sailing and men +ploughing in the background, and this motto, "Compositis venerantur Annis." +The date is MDCCXIII. An explanation of the object of the medal is desired. + +OLDBUCK. + +Philadelphia. + +_The Black Cap._--Can any of your antiquarian legal readers inform me of +the origin of the custom of the judges putting on a black cap when +pronouncing sentence of death upon a criminal? I can find no illustration +of this peculiar custom in Blackstone, Stephens, or other constitutional +writers. + +F. J. G. + +_The Aboriginal Britons._--A friend of mine wants some information as to +the history, condition, manners, &c. of the Britons, prior to the arrival +of the Romans. What work, accessible to ordinary readers, supplies the best +compendium of what is known on this subject? The fullest account of which I +have, just now, any recollection, is contained in Milton's _History of +England_, included in an edition of Milton's _Prose Works_, three vols. +folio, Amsterdam, 1694. Is Milton's _History_ a work of any merit or +authority? + +H. MARTIN. + +Halifax. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries with Answers. + +"_Gossip._"--This word, in its obsolete sense, according no doubt to its +Saxon origin, means a sponsor, one who answers for a child in baptism, a +godfather. Its modern acceptation all know to be widely different. Can any +of your correspondents quote a passage or two from old English authors, +wherein its obsolete sense is preserved? + +N. L. J. + + [The word occurs in Chaucer, _The Wyf of Bathes Prologue_, v. 5825.: + + "And if I have a _gossib_, or a friend, + (Withouten gilt) thou chidest as a frend, + If that I walke or play into his hous." + + And in Spenser, _Faerie Queene_, b. i. c. 12.: + + "One mother, when as her foole-hardy child + Did come too neare, and with his talons play, + Halfe dead through feare, her little babe reuil'd, + And to her _gossips_ gan in counsell say." + + Master Richard Verstegan is more to the point: + + "Our Christian ancestors, understanding a spiritual affinity to grow + between the parents and such as undertooke for the child at baptisme, + called each other by the name of _Godsib_, which is as much as to say, + that they were _sib_ together, that is, _of kin_ together through God. + And the child, in like manner, called such his God-fathers, or + God-mothers."--_Restitution of Decayed Intelligence_, ch. vii. + +A quotation or two from that delightful old _gossip_, Mr. Pepys, will show +its use in the middle of the seventeenth century: + + "Lord's Day. With my wife to church. At noon dined nobly, ourselves + alone. After dinner, my wife and Mercer by coach to Greenwich, to be + _gossip_ to Mrs. Daniel's child. My wife much pleased with the + reception she had, and she was godmother, and did hold the child at the + font, and it is called John."--_Diary_, May 20, 1666. + + "Lord's Day. My wife and I to Mr. Martin's, where I find the company + almost all come to the christening of Mrs. Martin's child, a girl. + After sitting long, till the church was done, the parson comes, and + then we to christen the child. I was godfather, and Mrs. Holder (her + husband, a good man, I know well) and a pretty lady that waits, it + seems, on my Lady Bath at Whitehall, her name Mrs. Noble, were + godmothers. After the christening comes in the wine {400} and + sweetmeats, and then to prate and tattle, and then very good company + they were, and I among them. Here was Mrs. Burroughs and Mrs. Bales + (the young widow whom I led home); and having staid till the moon was + up, I took my pretty _gossip_ to Whitehall with us, and I saw her in + her lodging."--_Ibid._, Dec. 2, 1666.] + +_Humphry Repton._--To snatch from utter oblivion the once highly reputed +Humphry, the king of landscape gardeners, to whom many of our baronial +parks owe much of their picturesque beauty, and who, by the side of Sir +Joseph Paxton, would now most duly have taken knightful station in these +go-ahead days, I ask, in what publication was it, that in 1780, or +thereabouts, being an indefatigable attendant at all exhibitions and sales +of art, he, the said Humphry, was accustomed (as well able he was) to +enlighten the public upon what was passing in matters of art now nearly +three quarters of a century ago? Was it the _Bee_? Again, did he not, at +his death, leave two large volumes for publication, entitled _Recollections +of my Past Life_? Where are these? + +INQUEST. + + [The MS. collection of the late Humphry Repton, containing interesting + details of his public and private life, has been used by Mr. Loudon in + his biographical notice of Repton prefixed to the last edition of _The + Landscape Gardening_, 8vo., 1840. Mr. Loudon states that 'these papers + were left as a valued memorial for his children: it may be imagined, + therefore, that they contain details of a private nature, which would + be found devoid of interest to the world. Mr. Repton, indeed, possessed + a mind as keenly alive to the ludicrous, as it was open to all that was + excellent, in the variety of characters with whom his extensive + professional connexions brought him acquainted; and he did not fail to + observe and note down many curious circumstances and traits of + character, in themselves highly amusing, but, for obvious reasons, + unfit subjects for publication. Not one taint of satire or ill-nature, + however, ever sullied the wit which flowed spontaneously from a mind + sportive sometimes even to exuberance." His artistic critiques will be + found in the following works: _The Bee_: or, a Critique on the + Exhibition of Paintings at Somerset House, 1788, 8vo. _Variety_: a + Collection of Essays, 1788, 12mo. _The Bee_: a Critique on the + Shakspeare Gallery, 1789, 8vo. _Odd Whims_: being a republication of + some papers in Variety, with a Comedy and other Poems, 2 vols. 12mo., + 1804.] + +"_Oriel._"--I should be glad if any of your correspondents could inform me +of the origin of the term _oriel_, as applied to a window? It is not, I +believe, necessarily to the East. + +T. L. N. + +Jamaica. + + [_Oriol_, or _Oriel_, is a portico or court; also a small room near the + hall in monasteries, where particular persons dined. (Blount's + _Glossog._) Du Cange says, "_Oriolum_, porticus, atrium;" and quotes + Matthew Paris for it. Supposed by some to be a diminutive from _area_ + or _areola_. "In modern writings," says Nares, "we meet with mention of + _Oriel_ windows. I doubt the propriety of the expression; but, if + right, they must mean those windows that project like a porch, or small + room. At St. Albans was an _oriel_, or apartment for persons not so + sick as to retire to the infirmary. (Fosbroke's _Brit. Monachism_, vol. + ii. p. 160.) I may be wrong in my notion of _oriel_ window, but I have + not met with ancient authority for that expression. Cowel conjectured + that _Oriel_ College, in Oxford, took its name from some such room or + portico. There is a remarkable portico, in the farther side of the + first quadrangle, but not old enough to have given the name. It might, + however, be only the successor of one more ancient, and more exactly an + _oriel_." For articles on the disputed derivation of this term, which + seems involved in obscurity, see Parker's _Glossary of Architecture_; a + curious paper by Mr. Hamper, in _Archæologia_, vol. xxiii.; and + _Gentleman's Magazine_ for Nov. 1823, p. 424., and March, 1824, p. + 229.] + +"_Orchard._"--Professor Martyn, in his Notes on Virgil's _Georgics_, seems +to be of opinion that the English word "orchard" is derived from the Greek +[Greek: orchatos], which Homer uses to express the garden of Alcinous; and +he observes that Milton writes it _orchat_, thereby corroborating this +impression. Is the word spelt according to Milton's form by any other +writers? + +N. L. J. + + [It is spelt _orchat_ by J. Philips, _Cider_, book i.: + + ----"Else false hopes + He cherishes, nor will his fruit expect + Th' autumnal season, but in summer's pride, + When other orchats smile, abortive fail."] + +"_Peckwater._"--Why is the quadrangle at Christ Church, in Oxford, called +"Peckwater?" + +N. L. J. + + [The Peckwater Quadrangle derives its name from an ancient hostle, or + inn, which stood on the south-west corner of the present court; and was + the property of Ralph, the son of Richard Peckwater, who gave it to St. + Frideswide's Priory, 30th Henry III.; and about the middle of the reign + of Henry VIII., another inn, called Vine Hall, was added to it; which, + with other buildings, were reduced into a quadrangle in the time of + Dean Duppa and Dr. Samuel Fell. The two inns were afterwards known by + the name of Vine Hall, or Peckwater's Inn; and by this name were given + to Christ Church, in 1547, by Henry VIII.] + +_Richard III._--What became of the body after the battle of Bosworth Field? +Was it buried at Leicester? + +A. BRITON. + +Athenæum. + + [After the battle of Bosworth Field, the body of Richard III. was + stript, laid across a horse behind a pursuivant-at-arms, and conducted + to Leicester, where, after it had been exposed for two days, it was + buried with little ceremony in the church of the Grey Friars. In + Burton's MS. of the History of Leicester, we read that, "within the + town was a house of Franciscan or Grey Friars, built by Simon Montfort, + Earl of {401} Leicester, whither (after Bosworth Field) the dead body + of Richard III., naked, trussed behind a pursuivant-at-arms, all dashed + with mire and blood, was there brought and homely buried; where + afterward King Henry VII. (out of royal disposition) erected for him a + fair alabaster monument, with his picture cut out, and made + thereon."--Quoted in Nichols's _Leicestershire_, vol. i. p. 357.: see + also pp. 298. 381.] + +_Binding of old Books._--I shall feel obliged to any of your readers who +will tell me how to polish up the covers of old books when the leather has +got dry and cracked. Bookbinders use some composition made of glair, or +white of egg, which produces a very glossy appearance. How is it made and +used? and how do they polish the leather afterwards? Is there any little +work on book-binding? + +CPL. + + [Take white of an egg, break it with a fork, and, having first cleaned + the leather with dry flannel, apply the egg with a soft sponge. Where + the leather is rubbed or decayed, rub a little paste with the finger + into the parts affected, to fill up the broken grain, otherwise the + glair would sink in and turn it black. To produce a polished surface, a + hot iron must be rubbed over the leather. The following is, however, an + easier, if not a better, method. Purchase some "bookbinders' varnish," + which may be had at any colour shop; clean the leather well, as before; + if necessary, use a little water in doing so, but rub quite dry with a + flannel before varnishing; apply your varnish with wool, lint, or a + very soft sponge, and place to dry.] + +_Vessel of Paper._--When I was at school in the north of Ireland, not very +many years ago, a piece of paper, about the octavo size, used for writing +"exercises," was commonly known amongst us as a vessel of paper. Can any of +your correspondents tell me the origin of the phrase; and whether it is in +use in other localities? + +ABHBA. + + [Lemon, in his English _Etymology_, has the following remarks on this + phrase:--"_Vessel of Paper_: The etymology of this word does not at + first sight appear very evident; but a derivation has been lately + suggested to me, which seems to carry some probability with it; viz. + that _a vessel of paper_ may have derived its appellation from + _fasciculus_, or _fasciola_; quasi _vassiola_; a vessel, or small slip + of paper; a little winding band, or swathing cloth; a garter; a + _fascia_, a small narrow binding. The root is undoubtedly _fascis_, a + bundle, or anything tied up; also, the fillet with which it is bound."] + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +KING JAMES'S IRISH ARMY LIST, 1689. + +(Vol. ix., pp. 30, 31.) + +My collections are arranged for illustrating, in the manner alluded to in +the above notice, upwards of four hundred families. In Tyrconnel's _Horse_, +I find a Dominick _Sheldon_, Lieut.-Colonel. His name appears in the +"Establishment" of 1687-8 for a pension of 200l. Early in the campaign, he +was actively opposed to the revolutionary party in Down and Antrim; and was +afterwards joined in an unsuccessful negotiation for the surrender of +Derry. At the battle of the Boyne he commanded the cavalry, and in a +gallant charge nearly retrieved the day, but had two horses shot under him. +When Tyrconnel left Ireland for France, to aid the cause of the Stuarts, he +selected this colonel as one of the directory, who were to advise the young +Duke of Berwick, to whom Tyrconnel had committed the command of the Irish +army, and who was afterwards so distinguished in the wars of the brigades +abroad. After the capitulation of Limerick in 1691, Sarsfield, then the +beloved commander of the last adherents of the cause of the royal exile, +intrusted to Colonel Sheldon the care of embarking all who preferred a +foreign land to the new Government; and King James (for, in justice to my +subject, I must still style him _King_) especially thanked him for his +performance of that duty. When his own regiment was brigaded in France, it +was called, _par excellence_, "the King's Regiment;" and Dominick Sheldon, +"an Englishman," was gazetted its Colonel. The successes of his gallant +band are recorded, in 1702, at the confluence of the Mincio and the Po; in +1703, against the Imperialists under Visconti, when he was wounded; in the +army of the Rhine, and at the battle of Spire within the same year, &c. He +appears, throughout his career, an individual of whom his descendants +should be proud; but I cannot discover the house of this _Englishman_. + +In the Outlawries of 1691, he is described on one as "of the city of +Dublin," on another, as "of Pennyburn Mill, co. Derry." No other person of +his name appears in my whole _Army List_; although the "Diary" preserved in +the _Harleian Miscellany_ (old edit., vol. vii. p. 482.) erroneously +suggests a subaltern of his name. In the titular Court of St. Germains, two +of the name of Sheldon were of the Board of Green Cloth. Dr. Gilbert +Sheldon was Archbishop of Canterbury in the middle of the seventeenth +century; and the Sheldons are shown by Burke to be still an existing family +at Brailes House in Warwickshire, previously in Oxfordshire, and _semble_ +in Staffordshire. I have made application on the subject to Mr. Sheldon of +Brailes House, the more confidently as the Christian name of "Ralph" is +frequent in the pedigree of that family, and Colonel Dominick Sheldon had a +brother Ralph; but Mr. Sheldon could not satisfy me. + +One of the adventurers or soldiers in Cromwell's time, in Ireland, was a +William Sheldon; who, on the Restoration, in the royal policy of that day, +obtained a patent for the lands in Tipperary, which {402} the usurping +powers had allotted for him by certificate. Could Colonel Dominick have +been his relative? + +I pray information on this subject, and any others connected with the _Army +List_, with any documentary assistance which, or the inspection of which, +the correspondents of "N. & Q." may afford me; and such services will be +thankfully acknowledged. If I were aided with such by them, and by the old +families of Ireland, the work should be a gem. + +JOHN D'ALTON. + +48. Summer Hill, Dublin. + + * * * * * + +QUOTATIONS WANTED. + +(Vol. ix., pp. 247, 301.) + + "The knights are dust, + Their good swords are rust, + Their souls are with the saints, we trust." + +This seems to be an imperfect recollection of the concluding lines of a +short poem by Coleridge, entitled "The Knight's Tomb." (See _Poems_ of +S. T. Coleridge: Moxon, 1852, p. 306.) + +The correct reading is as follows: + + "The knight's bones are dust, + And his good sword rust; + His soul is with the saints, I trust." + +G. TAYLOR. + +Your correspondent's mutilated version I have seen on a china match-box, in +the shape of a Crusader's tomb. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + + "Of whose omniscient and all-spreading love." + +These lines are also Coleridge's (_Poems_, &c., p. 30., edit. 1852). He +afterwards added the following note on this passage: + + "I utterly recant the sentiment contained in the lines-- + + Of whose omniscient and all-spreading love + Aught to _implore_ were impotence of mind; + + it being written in Scripture, '_Ask_, and it shall be given you!' and + my human reason being, moreover, convinced of the propriety of offering + _petitions_, as well as thanksgivings, to Deity.--S. T. C., 1797." + +H. G. T. + +Weston-super-Mare. + +The line quoted (p. 247.) as having been applied by Twining to Pope's +_Homer_, is from _Tibullus_, iii. 6. 56. + +P. J. F. GANTILLON + + "A fellow feeling makes us wond'rous kind," + +is to be found in the epilogue written and spoken by Garrick on quitting +the stage, 1776.[2] + +A parallel passage appears in _Troilus and Cressida_, Act III. Sc. 3.: + + "One touch of nature makes the whole world kin." + +NEWBURIENSIS. + +The following lines, and the accompanying paraphrase, probably those +inquired after by X. Y., are in Davison's _Poems, or a Poetical Rhapsody_ +(p. 50., 4th impression, 1621), where they form the third "device." I do +not know who the writer was. + + + "Quid plumâ lævius? Pulvis. Quid pulvere? Ventus. + Quid vento? Mulier. Quid muliere? Nihil." + + "Dust is lighter than a feather, + And the wind more light than either; + But a woman's fickle mind + More than a feather, dust, or wind." + +F. E. E. + +The lines quoted by L. are the first two (a little altered) in the opening +stanza of a ballad entitled _The Berkshire Lady_. The correct version (I +speak on the authority of a copy which I procured nearly thirty years ago +in the great ballad-mart of those days, the Seven Dials) is,-- + + "Bachelors of every station, + Mark this strange but true relation, + Which in brief to you I bring; + Never was a stranger thing." + +The ballad is an account of "love at first sight," inspired in the breast +of a young lady, wealthy and beautiful of course, but who, disdaining such +adventitious aids, achieves at the sword's point, and covered with a mask, +her marriage with the object of her passion. It is much too long, and not +of sufficient merit, for insertion in "N. & Q." + +F. E. E. + +[Footnote 2: [See "N. & Q.," Vol. iii., p. 300.]] + + * * * * * + +OATHS. + +(Vol. viii., no. 364, 605.; Vol. ix., p. 45.) + +I am extremely obliged to your several correspondents who have replied to +my Query. + +I now send you "a remarkable case," which occurred in 1657, and throws +considerable light upon the subject. + +Dr. Owen, Vice-Chancellor of Oxford, being a witness for the plaintiff in a +cause, refused to be sworn in _the usual manner, by laying his right hand +upon the book, and by kissing it afterwards_; but he caused the book to be +held open before him, and he raised his right hand; whereupon the jury +prayed the direction of the Court whether they ought to weigh such evidence +as strongly as the evidence of another witness. Glyn, Chief Justice, +answered them, that in his opinion he had taken {403} as strong an oath as +any other of the witnesses; but he added that, if he himself were to be +sworn, he would lay his right hand upon the book itself (_il voilt deponer +sa maine dexter sur le liver mesme_). Colt _v._ Dutton, 2 Siderfin's _R._ +6. + +This case shows that the usual practice at the time it was decided was, not +to take the book in the hand, but to lay the hand upon it. Now, if a person +laid his hand upon a book, which rested on anything else, he most probably +would lay his fingers upon it, and, if he afterwards kissed it, would raise +it with his fingers at the top, and his thumb under the book; and possibly +this may account for the practice I mentioned of the Welsh witnesses, +which, like many other usages, may have been once universally prevalent, +but now have generally ceased. + +With regard to kissing the book, so far from assuming that it was +essential, I stated that "in none of these instances does kissing the book +appear to be essential." Indeed, as, "upon the principles of the common +law, there is no particular form essential to an oath to be taken by a +witness; but as the purpose of it is to bind his conscience, every man of +every religion should be bound by that form which he himself thinks will +bind his own conscience most" (per Lord Mansfield, Chief Justice, Atcheson +_v._ Everitt, Cowper's _R._ 389.), the form of the oath will vary according +to the particular opinion of the witness. + +Lord Mansfield, in the case just mentioned, referred to the case in +Siderfin, and stated that "the Christian oath was settled in very ancient +times;" and it may, perhaps, be inferred that he meant that it was so +settled in the form there mentioned; but, as he inaccurately translates the +words I have given thus, "If I were sworn, _I would kiss the book_," it may +be doubtful whether he did not consider kissing the book as a part of the +form of the oath so settled. + +I cannot assent to the opinion of Paley, that the term _corporal_, as +applied to oath, was derived from the corporale--the square piece of linen +on which the chalice and host were placed. The term doubtless was adopted, +in order to distinguish some oaths from others; and it would be very +strange if it had become the invariable practice to apply it to all that +large class of oaths, in every civil and criminal tribunal, to which it did +not apply; and when it is remembered that in indictments (which have ever +been construed with the strictest regard to the truth of the statements +contained in them) this term has always been used where the book has been +touched, and where the use of the term, if incorrect, would inevitably have +led to an acquittal, no one I think can doubt that Paley is in error. + +In addition to the authorities I before referred to, I may mention that +Puffendorff clearly uses the term in the sense I attributed to it; and so +does Mr. Barbeyrac, in his note to "corporal oath," as used by Puffendorff, +where he says: "Juramentum corporale, or, as it is called in the code, +juramentum _corporaliter_ præstitum;" and then refers to a rescript of +Alexander, where the terms used are "jurejurando _corporaliter_ præstito." +(Puffendorff, _Law of Nature and Nations_, lib. iv. ss. 11. and 16., pp. +345. and 350.: London, 1729.) And it seems very probable that the term came +to us from the Romans; and as it appears from the books, referred to in the +notes to s. 16., that there were some instances in which an oath had been +taken by proxy, it may, perhaps, be that the term _corporal_ was originally +used to distinguish such oaths as were taken by the party himself from such +as were taken by proxy. + +The word corporale plainly is the "_corporale_ Linteum," on which the +sacred elements were placed, and by which they were covered; and no doubt +were so used, because it covered or touched what was considered to be the +very body of our blessed Lord. In fact, the term is the same, whether it be +applied to oath or cloth; and when used with oath, it is used in the same +sense as our immortal bard uses it in "corporal suffering" and "corporal +toil." + +S. G. C. + +As the various forms in which oaths have been administered and taken is a +question not altogether devoid of interest, I would wish to add a few words +to what I have already written upon this subject. The earliest notice of +this ceremony is probably that which is to be found in Genesis xxiv. 2, 3.: + + "And Abraham said unto his eldest servant of his house, that ruled over + all that he had. Put, I pray thee, _thy hand under my thigh_; And I + will make thee swear," &c. + +That at a very early period the soldier swore by his sword, is shown by the +Anglo-Norman poem on the conquest of Ireland by Henry II., published by +Thomas Wright, Esq.: London, 1837, p. 101.: + + "Morice par sa espé ad juré, + N' i ad vassal si osé." + +In a charter of the thirteenth century, made by one Hugh de Sarnefelde to +the Abbey of Thomascourt in Dublin, of a certain annuity, we find the +passage: + + "Et sciendum quod jam dictus Adam de Sarnefelde _affidavit in manu_ + Magistri Roberti de Bedeford pro se et heredibus suis quod fideliter et + absque omni fallacia persolvent, etc. redditum prenominatum." + +And such clauses are probably of frequent occurrence in ancient charters. +The expression "affidavit in manu" may be perhaps explained by referring to +the mode in which the oath of homage was accustomed to be taken. This form, +as it was of old time observed in England, is, I presume, {404} fully +described in other publications; but as many of the most valuable of the +ancient public records of Ireland have been, and are still, in a sadly +neglected state, it is not probable that the following description of the +manner in which certain of the Irish chieftains in the time of Richard II. +performed their homage to Thomas Earl of Nottingham, his deputy, has been +hitherto printed: + + "Gerraldus O'Bryn predictus zonam, glaudium et capitium ipsius a se + amovens, et genibus flexis ad pedes dicti domini comitis procedit, + ambas manus suas palmis [adgremium] junctis erigens, et inter manus + dicti domini comitis crectas tenens, protulit hec verba in lingua + hibernicana," &c.--_Inquisition deposited in the Exchequer Record + Office, Dublin; James I._ No. 84. + +JAMES F. FERGUSON. + +Dublin. + + * * * * * + +REMUNERATION OF AUTHORS. + +(Vol. viii., p. 81.) + +Some time ago I suggested, in the columns of "N. & Q.," a collection which +might prove interesting, of the remuneration received by authors for their +works, sending my first instalment thereof. A correspondent (W. R.) has +since contributed to the stock; and I now beg to add a few more cases which +have lately occurred to me. In the instances of plays, &c., I have confined +myself to the sums paid for the copyright; any remuneration accruing to the +author from the performance, a share of the profit, benefit, &c. &c. being +too diffuse to bring into a tabular form; and, in the case of works +published while that servile system was in vogue, I have not attempted to +record the amounts paid for dedications by the inflated "patrons," nor even +those raised by subscription, except in one or two cases, where such was +(which was rarely the case) a genuine transaction: + +--------------------------------------------------------------------------- +Title of Work. |Author. |Price. |Publisher. |Authority. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------- +_Phædra_ |Edmund Smith |60l. |Lintot. |Dr. Johnson. +_The Wanderer_ |Savage |10l. 10s. | -- |Ditto. +_Beggar's Opera_ |Gay |400l. | -- |Spence. +Poems |Ditto |1000l. |Subscription|Dr. Johnson. +Translation of eight |W. Broome |600l. |Paid by Pope|Ditto. +books of the _Odyssey_,| | | | +and all the notes. | | | | +Ditto of four books of |Fenton |300l. |Ditto |Ditto. + ditto | | | | +Edition of Shakspeare |Pope |217l. 12s.|Tonson |Ditto. +_Amynta and Theodora_ |Mallet |120l. |Vaillant. |Ditto. +_The Poor Gentleman_ |G Colman, sen.|150l. | -- |R. B. Peake. +_Who wants a Guinea?_ |Ditto |150l. | -- |Ditto. +_Tales from Shakspeare_|Charles Lamb |63l. | -- |Himself. + |Mary Lamb | | | +Contributions for two |Charles Lamb |170l. | -- |T. Moore, + years to the _London | | | | Lord J. + Magazine._ | | | | Russell. +The King of Prussia's |Thos. Holcroft|1200l. | -- |Galt. + works, translation of | | | | +_Exchange no Robbery_ |Theodore Hook |60l. | -- |R. H. D. + | | | | Barham. +_Sayings and Doings_ |Ditto |600l. |Colburn |Ditto. + (1st series) | | | | +_Ditto_ (2nd series) |Ditto |1050l. |Ditto |Ditto. + | |150l. | | + | |200l. | | +_Ditto_ (3rd series) |Ditto |1050l. |Ditto |Ditto. +_Births, Marriages, and|Ditto |600l. |Ditto |Ditto. + Deaths_ | | | | +Editorship of Colburn's|Ditto |400l. per |Ditto |Ditto. + _New Monthly_ | | annum. | | +_Rejected Addresses_ |J. and H. |131l. |Murray |H. Smith. + | Smith |after 16th| | + | | edition | | +_Country Cousins_ } | | |Paid for by |} +_A Trip to Paris_ } |James Smith. |1000l. |C. Matthews |}Himself. +_Air Ballooning_ } | | |for his Ent-|} +_A Trip to America_} | | |ertainments.| + + + +ALEXANDER ANDREWS. + + * * * * * + +OCCASIONAL FORMS OF PRAYER. + +(Vol. viii., p. 535.) + +The list of Occasional Forms of Prayer, recently contributed to your pages +by the REV. THOMAS LATHBURY, contained no less than forty-eight items. All +the forms which he enumerates, with one exception, are earlier than the +year 1700. Using the same limitation of date, I send you herewith a farther +list of such occasional forms: all these are to be found in the British +Museum, and the press-marks by which they are designated in the catalogue +are here added. The present list comprises fifty-one items, all of them, I +think, different from those which have been already mentioned. Unless +otherwise stated, the copies of the forms here referred to are printed at +London, and they are for the most part in black-letter, without pagination. + + A Psalme and Collect of Thankesgiving, not unmeet for the present Time + [_i.e._ after the defeat of the Spanish Armada]. 1588. (3406. c.) + + {405} + + An Order for Prayer and Thanksgiving (necessary to be used in these + dangerous Times) for the Safetie and Preservation of her Majestie and + this Realm. 1598. + + A revision of the form first issued in 1594. (3406. c.) 1. + + Certain Prayers collected out of a Form of godly Meditations ... to be + used at this Time in the present Visitation of God's heavy Hand, &c. + With the Order of a Fast to be kept every Wednesday. 1603. (3406. c.) + + Thanksgiving, August 5; being the Day of his Highnesse's happy + Deliverance from the trayterous and bloody Attempt of the Earle of + Gowry and his Brother, with their Adherents. 1606. (3406. c.) + + Forme of Common Prayer, together with an Order of Fasting: for the + averting of God's heavy Visitation upon many Places of this Kingdom + [two editions, the second with a few MS. notes]. 1625. (3406. d.) 1. + and (3406. d. 1.) 2. + + Thanksgiving. March 27, 1626. (3406. d. 1.) 4. + + Prayer for Safety and Preservation of his Majestie and this Realm. + 1626. (3406. d. 1.) 5. + + Thanksgiving. Safe Delivery of the Queen. 1631. Fol. (3406. e.) 1. + + Thanksgiving. Safe Child-bearing of the Queene's Majestie. 1635. Fol. + (3406. e.) 2. + + Thanksgiving. November 5, 1636. (3406. c.) + + Thanksgiving. November 5, 1638. (3406. d. 1.) 6. + + Prayer for the King's Majestie, in the Northern Expedition. 1639. Fol. + (3406. e.) 3. + + A Form of Thanksgiving to be used September 7, 1640, thorowout the + Diocese of Lincoln, and in the Jurisdiction of Westminster. 1640(?) + (3407. c.) + + Thanksgiving. March 27, 1640. (3406. d. 1.) 8. + + Prayer for the King's Majestie, in his Expedition against the Rebels of + Scotland. 1640. Fol. (3406. e.) 4. + + Fast, February 5, 1644, for a Blessing on the Treaty now begunne. + (3406. d. 1.) 9. + + Thanksgiving for the late Defeat given unto the Rebells at Newarke (and + A Prayer for the Queene's safe Delivery). 1644. Oxford, fol. (3406. e.) + 5. + + Prayer to be used upon January 15, 1661, in London and Westminster, + &c.; and upon the 22nd of the said moneth in the rest of England and + Wales. (3406. d. 2.) 1. + + Prayer on June 12 and June 19, 1661 (as in the last form). (3406. d. + 2.) 2. + + Fast. July 12, 1665, in London, &c. (3406. d. 2.) 3. + + Prayer. April 10, 1678. (3407. c.) + + Fast. November 13, 1678. (3406. d. 2.) 5. + + Prayer for King. 1684. (3407. c.) + + Thanksgiving. July 26, 1685. Victories over the Rebels. (3406. d. 3.) + 3. + + Prayers ... during this time of Public Apprehension from the Danger of + Invasion. 1688. (3407. c.) + + Additional Prayers to be used, together with those appointed in the + Service for November 5, 1689. (3406. d. 4.) 4. + + Fast. March 12, 1689. Preservation of his Majestie's sacred Person, and + the Prosperity of his Arms in Ireland, &c. (3406. d. 4.) 1. + + Fast. June 5 and June 19, 1689. To implore Success in the War declared + against the French King. (3406. d. 4.) 2. + + Thanksgiving: Success towards the reducing of Ireland. October 19, + 1690. (3406. d. 4.) 3. + + Thanksgiving. November 5, 1690. (3406. d. 4.) 6. + + A Prayer for the King, to be used instead of that appointed for his + Majestie's present Expedition. 1690. (3406. d. 4.) 5. + + A Prayer for the King, to be constantly used while his Majesty is + abroad in the Wars. 1691. (3406. d. 4.) 7. + + Fast. April 29, 1691. (3406. d. 4.) 8. Two editions. + + Thanksgiving. Success in Ireland. November 26, 1691. (3406. d. 4.) 10. + + Thanksgiving. 1692. (3406. d. 4.) 12. + + Thanksgiving. 1692. (3406. d. 4.) 14. + + Thanksgiving. October 27 and November 10, 1692. For the signal Victory + vouchsafed to the Fleet. (3406. d. 4.) 15. + + Prayer, during the Time of their Majesties' Fleet being at Sea. 1692. + (3406. d. 4.) 18. + + Fast. April 8, 1692. (3406. d. 4.) 11. + + Prayer. May 10, 1693, and second Wednesday of every month following, + &c. (3406. d. 4.) 16. + + Thanksgiving. November 12 and November 26, 1693. (3406. d. 4.) 17. + + Thanksgiving. December 9 and December 16, 1694. (3406. d. 5.) 3. + + Prayers to be used during the Queen's Sickness, &c. 1694. (3406. d. 5.) + 2. + + Thanksgiving. April 16, 1695. (3406. d. 5.) 4. + + Fast. June 19, 1695. (3406. d. 5.) 5. + + Prayer. December 11 and December 18, 1695. (3406. d. 5.) 6. + + Fast. June 26. (3406. d. 5.) 7. + + Form of Prayer to be used Yearly on September 2, 1696, for the dreadful + fire of London. (3406. d. 5.) 8. + + Fast. April 28, 1697. (3406. d. 5.) 9. + + Thanksgiving. December 2, 1697. (3406. d. 5.) 10. + + Fast. April 5, 1699. (3406. d. 5.) 11. + +It would occupy more space than "N. & Q." can afford to complete the list +up to the present time. In the British Museum Catalogue alone, between the +years 1700 and 1800, there are about 120 Forms of Prayer; and, between 1800 +and 1850, about 113 more. Let me, before leaving the subject, draw the +attention of your readers to the following extract from Straker's (Adelaide +Street, West Strand) _Catalogue of Books_, printed in 1853, pp. 419.: + + Article "1862. COMMON PRAYER. Forms of Prayer, an extensive collection + of, issued by authority, on public occasions; such as War and Peace, + Plague and Pestilence, Earthquakes, Treason and Rebellion, Accession of + Kings, Birth of Princes, &c. &c., from A.D. 1550 to A.D. 1847, + consisting of 45 in manuscript and 181 printed, together 226; many of + which are of the greatest scarcity, with a detailed catalogue of the + collection, 8l. 8s. 1550-1840 [_sic_]. + + "The late J. W. Niblock, D.D., F.S.A., was actively engaged for + upwards of _thirty years_, (with {406} great trouble and expense) + in forming this exceedingly interesting and valuable collection for + his projected work, to be entitled 'FORMÆ PRECUM, or National State + Prayers, issued by Authority, on Fast and Thanksgiving Days, and + other public Occasions, from the Reformation to the present Time,' + those in manuscript are copied with great care from the originals + in public libraries and private collections." + +This important collection may possibly be unknown to some of your readers +who take an interest in matters liturgical. + +W. SPARROW SIMPSON. + +Having made it a point, for some years past, to preserve at least one copy +of each Occasional Form of Prayer, and wishing to comply with MR. +LATHBURY'S request, I send a list of those in my own possession. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a Prince. + 1841. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Preservation of the Queen "from the atrocious + and treasonable Attempt against her sacred Person." 1842. + + Form and Thanksgiving for abundant Harvest. 1842. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Princess. 1843. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of Prince. + 1844. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Victories in the Sutledge. 1846. + + Form and Thanksgiving, for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Princess. 1846. + + Form for Relief from Dearth and Scarcity. 1846. + + Form for Removal of Dearth and Scarcity. Fast. 1847. + + Form and Thanksgiving for abundant Harvest. 1847. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Princess. 1848. + + Form for Maintenance of Peace and Tranquillity. 1848. + + Form for Removal of Disease. 1849. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Removal of Disease. 1849. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a Prince. + 1850. + +ABHBA. + + * * * * * + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. + +_Photographic Query._--Given the diameter and focal length of a simple +achromatic lens; at what distance from it must a diaphragm of given +diameter be placed to give the best possible image? + +O. + +_Improvement in Collodion._--As there are many photographers who are not +members of the Photographic Society, and who do not see the journal +published by that body, a statement of what I think will be found a very +material improvement in the manufacture of collodion may not be +unacceptable to the readers of "N. & Q." To five drachms of pure _washed_ +ether, add one drachm alcohol 60° over proof, and dissolve therein +sufficient soluble cotton to make it of the consistence of oil (the exact +quantity must depend rather upon the dexterity of the operator, as the +thicker it is the more difficult to use) then add twenty minims of +chloroform, dropping in the latter, which will fall to the bottom, but is +readily dissolved on shaking the mixture for a few minutes. + +To two drachms of the same alcohol add the iodizing material preferred, and +mix with the other ingredients. + +The above will be found to flow very evenly smoothly over the plate; is +tough, intense, and _structureless_ in appearance. I have not yet +determined what is the best iodizing mixture, but at present I prefer +iodide of potassium _alone_, if pure, and twenty grains to the ounce of +alcohol is the proportion I generally adopt; thus having five grains in +each ounce of collodion. + +Lastly, as regards the soluble cotton, I cannot find any better material +than that produced according to the formula published by Mr. Hadow, in the +March Number of the _Photographic Journal_, thus: "Take of nit. potash, +five parts; sulphuric acid, ten parts; water, one part; _all by weight_. +Add the water to the nitrate of potash, and then the acid, and immediately +immerse as much cotton wool as can be thoroughly saturated by the mixture, +leaving it in for _at least_ ten minutes, and wash with a great abundance +of water. The object of adding the cotton immediately that the acid has +been mixed with the nitrate of potash, is to expose it to the action of the +chemicals while they are at a temperature of from 120° to 130°. For farther +particulars on this head, I must refer to Mr. Hadow's paper. + +GEO. SHADBOLT. + + [This application is not a novelty to us: DR. DIAMOND has for some time + added a small portion of his amber varnish (which is prepared from + chloroform) to his collodion, and with satisfactory results. It is a + pity that so admirable a varnish is not to be procured at the + generality of photographic warehouses. We have never yet been able to + procure any which will bear comparison with some which DR. DIAMOND was + good enough to prepare for us.--ED. "N. & Q."] + +_Printing Positives._--I will venture to assure AMATEUR that,--if he will +follow DR. DIAMOND'S formula for albumenizing Canson paper, either positive +or negative, viz., + + Chloride of sodium (salt) 5 grs. + Chloride of ammonium 5 grs. + Water 1 oz. + Albumen, or the white of one egg, which + is near enough for the purpose 1 oz. + +and will excite this paper by floating it for about two minutes on a +solution of nitrate of silver twenty grains to the ounce, distilled +water,--provided his chemicals are good, he will obtain perfectly +satisfactory results. + +Let his fixing bath be a saturated solution of hypo. soda, and if newly +made let him, as recommended by DR. DIAMOND, add 40 grains of chloride of +silver to every 8 ounces of the solution. The addition of a grain of sel +d'or to every 8 ounces of solution will greatly improve the tones of +colour; and if, after some {407} time, the positives become more of a brown +tint than he likes, let him add a small quantity of sel d'or, half a grain +to a bath of from 12 to 16 ounces, and he will find the dark tints +restored. + +I inclose a copy of the print of "Horse-shoeing," obtained precisely by the +method described. It is rather overprinted; but if AMATEUR will give you +his address, and you will forward it to him, it will show him what tones of +colour and depth may be procured by following the foregoing directions. + +C. E. F. + +_Photographic Excursions._--A few Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries +have formed themselves into a Photographic Club for the purpose of making +periodical excursions into the country, and so securing accurate views of +the objects of antiquarian interest in the different localities they may +visit. As it is intended that a copy of every photograph so taken shall be +deposited in the portfolios of the Society, the advantages likely to result +from this little reunion, both to the Society of Antiquaries and to +Archæology generally, are very obvious. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +"_To Garble_" (Vol. ix., pp. 243. 359.).--I venture, with deference, to +express a doubt as to whether E. S. T. T. has correctly defined either the +former or the present meaning of the verb _to garble_, when he says "it +meant a selection of the good and the discarding of the bad parts of +anything: its present meaning is exactly the reverse of this." The statutes +referred to by your correspondent, the first enacting that no bow staves +shall be sold ungarbled, and the second imposing a penalty on the sale of +spices and drugs not garbled, appear to me to indicate the former meaning +of the word to have been the selection (picking out) of the _bad_ and the +discarding of it. Experience shows that in all operations, involving the +separation of objects worthless and of value, such as weeding, sifting, and +winnowing, the former is removed from the latter and discarded. This view +of the case seems to be supported by the fact of the dust and dross sifted +from spices being called "garbles." The weeder removes weeds from flowers +or plants, the garbler removes garbles from spices and bad bow staves from +amongst good ones. Richardson's _Dictionary_ contains the following notes +under the head _Garble_: + + "Fr. _Grabeler_; It. _Garbellare_. Cotgrave says, Grabeller, to garble + spices, &c., (and hence) also to examine precisely, sift nearly, look + narrowly, search curiously into." + +After giving some examples of its use, Richardson says: + + "As usually applied in England, to garble is to pick out, sift out what + may serve a particular purpose, and thus destroy or mutilate the fair + character of the whole." + +To go no farther, the reports of the parliamentary debates, when a "Blue +Book" happens to furnish matter for discussion, amply confirm Richardson's +definition, that _to garble_ is to pick out what may serve a purpose. In +this sense, however, E. S. T. T. must admit that it would be as much +garbling to quote all the _good_ passages of a work as to quote all the bad +ones. May we not then assume the present meaning of the word _garble_ to be +this--to quote passages with the view of conveying an impression of the +ability or intention of a writer, which is not warranted by the general +scope of the work? + +C. ROSS. + +_"Lyra Apostolica_" (Vol. ix., p. 304.).--There is, I believe, a slight +inaccuracy in the rotation of the names given at the above page as the +writers in the _Lyra Apostolica_. They go in alphabetical order, thus +[alpha], Bowden; [beta], Froude; [gamma], Keble; [delta], Newman; +[epsilon], Wilberforce; [zeta], Williams. + +B. R. A. Y. + +The poems signed [zeta]. were written by _Williams_, not by _Wilberforce_. + +Can you explain the meaning of the motto on the title-page-- + + "[Greek: Gnoien d', hôs dê dêron egô polemoio pepaumai]"? + +M. D. + + [This motto is from Homer, _Iliad_, xviii. 125. Its literal translation + is, They (the enemy) shall know that it was I who have long kept away + from the war," and, by implication, that I have now returned to it; + even I, the great hero Achilles; for he is the taunting speaker. Had it + not been for my absence, he intimates, the Trojans had not gained so + many and great victories. We must leave our correspondent to apply this + Homeric verse to the Protestant dark ages of the Georgian era, and to + the theological movement of 1833.] + +_John Bale, Bishop of Ossory_ (Vol. ix., p. 324.).--A catalogue, professing +to be a complete one, of this over-ardent reformer's voluminous works, with +a portrait, may be seen in Holland's _Heroölogia Anglica_, fol. 165-7. +There are some curious notices concerning him in Blomefield's _History of +Norwich_ (fol. 1741), pp. 154, 155, 794., where reference is also made to +his brother Robert as a learned man and great writer. + +WILLIAM MATTHEWS. + +Cowgill. + +_Burial in an erect Posture_ (Vol. viii., pp. 5. 59. 233. 455. 630.; Vol. +ix., p. 279.).--How strange it is that all of us should have forgotten +Charlemagne. When his tomb at Aix-la-Chapelle was opened by the Emperor +Frederic Barbarossa in 1165, "he found the body of Charlemagne, not +reclining in his coffin, as is the usual fashion of the dead, but seated in +his throne, as one alive, clothed in the imperial robes, bearing the +sceptre in his hand, and on his knees a copy of the gospels." (See Murray's +{408} _Handbook to Belgium_.) The throne in which the body was seated, the +sarcophagus (of Parian marble, the work of Roman or Greek artists, +ornamented with a fine bas-relief of the Rape of Proserpine) in which the +feet of the dead king were placed, are still preserved in the cathedral, +where I saw them last year, together with some portions of the robes, and +some curious ancient embroidery: these last are not usually exhibited to +strangers. + +W. SPARROW SIMPSON. + +"_Carronade_" (Vol. ix., p. 246.).--"The folk story," as to the derivation +of this word (if such a comparatively modern invention deserves such an +epithet, for the Carron works, I believe, did not exist a hundred years +ago) is quite correct. This gun is said to have been invented in Ireland by +General Melville; but having been perfected at Carron, it thence took its +name. + +Landmann (no mean authority at the beginning of this century), in his +_Questions and Answers on Artillery_, says: "The carronade takes its name +from being first made at Carron." + +H. T. ELLACOMBE. + +"_Largesse_" (Vol. v., p. 557.; Vol. ix., p. 209.).--The use of this word +is not confined to Essex and Northamptonshire, but extends also to Norfolk. +It is met with in many parishes in the western division of Norfolk: where, +at the time of harvest, after accompanying the last load of corn home with +the procession of the "Harvest Lady," it is customary that the labourers on +the several farms should go round their respective parishes, and collect +various sums of money, under the name of _largesse_, at the houses of the +chief inhabitants, whether lay or clerical. Few were to be met with who +refused this species of "black mail" thus levied on them; doubtless +regarding it as one out of many means of testifying their thankfulness to +the "Lord of the Harvest" for "filling their mouth with good things," and +giving them an abundance of "corn and wine and oil." + +[Sigma]. + +This word is of common occurrence in Suffolk during the shooting season, +where sportsmen are affrays greeted with it, for a donation, by the +labourers on the land where game is sought for. + +N. L. J. + +_Precious Stones_ (Vol. viii., p. 539.; Vol. ix., pp. 37. 88. 284.).--As +the titles of so many works on this subject have been already given in your +pages, perhaps I may be of some service to your correspondents in farther +completing the list, and referring them to the following in my own +collection: + + On the Origin of Gems, by the Hon. Robert Boyle: London, 12mo. + + The Mirror of Stones, in which the Nature, Generation, &c., of more + than 200 Jewels, &c., are distinctly described by Camillus Leonardus, + 12mo.: London, 1750. + + A Treatise on Diamonds and Pearls, by David Jeffries, 2nd edit., 8vo.: + London, 1751. [This work, which was very scarce, has been recently + reprinted by E. Lumley for 6s.] + + Traité des Pierres précieuses et des Pierres fines, par L. Dutens, + 12mo.: London, Paris, and Florence. [Reprinted, with additions, in "Les + Oeuvres Mélés de Dutens:" Génève, 8vo., 1784.] + + A Treatise on Diamonds and Precious Stones, by John Mawe, 2nd edit.: + London, 8vo., 1823. + + A Memoir of the Diamond, by John Murray, F.S.A., &c., 12mo.: London, + 1831. + +Besides these may be consulted, the treatise of Gemma, _Delle Gemme +pretiose_, 2 vols. 4to., a ponderous map of obsolete puerilities; the +_Minéralogie_ of M. de Bomare; the _Crystallographie_ of M. Romé Delisle; +the essay of Wallerius, _De Lapidum Origine_; the learned researches of +Bergman, _Sur les Pierres précieuses_, &c. + +I may add, that a practical work on the nature and value of precious +stones, comprehending the opinions and superstitions of the ancients +respecting them, together with an essay upon engraved gems, an account of +celebrated collections and specimens, &c., is much wanted, and would +probably be well received. + +WILLIAM BATES. + +Birmingham. + +"_A Pinch of Snuff_" (Vol. vi., p. 431.; Vol. vii., p. 268.).--This work is +correctly attributed to Benson E. Hill, Esq. The companion volume, _A Paper +of Tobacco_, of which F. R. A. speaks in just terms of commendation, was +the production of Mr. W. A. Chatto, the ingenious author of a _History of +Playing Cards_, &c. His son, Mr. Thomas Chatto, from whom I received this +information, is a bookseller, at No. 25. Museum Street, Bloomsbury: where I +hope his civility, and anxiety to serve his visitors, will ensure the +success he merits. + +WILLIAM BATES. + +Birmingham. + +_Darwin on Steam_ (Vol. ix., p. 271.).--The lines in question are not cited +quite correctly by UNEDA. They run as follows: + + "Soon shall thy arm, unconquer'd Steam, afar + Drag the slow barge, or drive the rapid car; + Or on wide-waving wings expanded bear, + The flying-chariot through the fields of air." + +They occur in the First Part of the _Botanic Garden_, p. 29., 2nd edit., +4to., London, 1791. + +L. (1) + + [We are also indebted to J. K. R. W. and other correspondents for + similar replies.] + +_Gale of Rent_ (Vol. viii., pp. 563. 655.).--The word _gale_ is used in the +west of Philadelphia in the sense of an instalment. Thus, if land is {409} +bought to be paid for in annual sums, one of these is called a yearly gale. +I have supposed, I cannot now say why, that this was an Irish expression. + +UNEDA. + +_Cobb Family_ (Vol. ix., p. 272).--I have much reason to believe that MR. +ARTHUR PAGET will find a clue to his inquiries in the following particulars +extracted from documents in my possession. The estate of St. Katharine's +Hall, or St. Kattern's, near Bath, belonged to the family of Blanchard; and +in 1748 the property passed to the family of Parry of St. Kattern's by +marriage with the heiress of the Blanchards, who is thus described: + + "Thomas Parry, and Querinah his wife, niece and heiress-at-law of + William Blanchard, who was only son and heir of Henry Blanchard, and + Querinah his wife," [only child of John Curle, Esq.]. + +In 1795 Thomas Parry devised the estate to his son John Parry, who was the +rector of Sturmer, co. Essex; and by his will [May, 1797] his property went +to his sisters, Elizabeth Knight, Querinah Cobb, and Hannah Parry. +Elizabeth married, Aug. 1781, Henry Knight of Lansdown, near Bath. Querinah +married, Nov. 1781, William Milles Cobb, of Ringwood, gentleman, third son +of Christopher Cobb, merchant, and Sarah his wife. + +I have in my possession some portraits of the Blanchard, Curle, and Parry +families; two by Sir Peter Lely, which may afford MR. PAGET farther +evidence of the consanguinity of Richard Cobb, Esq., and the Cobbs of +Ringwood. + +J. KNIGHT. + +Aylestone. + +On the principle that every little helps, and out of gratitude for +CRANMORE'S assistance in the Milton-Minshull controversy, I would offer the +following suggestions, which may haply serve as finger-posts to direct him +on his way. William Cobb, Esq., of Adderbury, Oxon, immediate ancestor of +the baronets of that name and place, derived from the Cobbs of Sandringham, +in the hundred of Freebridge, Norfolk. Blomefield's _History_ of the latter +county might be consulted with advantage. The Cobbs of Adderbury bore +"Sable, a chevron argent between three dolphins naiant embowed or, a chief +of the last." Randle Holme, in his _Academy of Armory_, 1688, gives the +following as the arms of Cobb,--"Per chevron sable and gules, two swans +respecting each other and a herring cobb argent." Thomas Cobb, of +Otterington, Yorkshire, a loyal subject of King Charles I., compounded for +his estates in the sum of 472l. There is a brass in Sharnbrook Church, +Bedfordshire, commemorating William Cobbe, who died in 1522, Alice his +wife, a son Thomas, and other children. + +T. HUGHES. + +Chester. + +"_Aches_" (Vol. ix., p. 351.).--I am not aware of any rhyme which fixes the +pronunciation of _aches_ in the time of Shakspeare, but I think the +following quite as decisive: + + "_Of the Fallacie in the Accent or Pronunciation._--The fallacie of the + accent is, when a false thing is affirmed under colour of pronouncing + it as another thing that is true. For example: + + 'Where no _ache_ is, there needs no salve; + In the gout there is no H, + Therefore, in the gout, there needs no salve.'" + + _The Elements of Logicke_, by Peter Dumoulin. Translated out of the + French copie by Nathanael De-Lawne, with the Author's approbation: + London, 1624, 24mo. + + "_Anthony._ Thou bleedest apace. + _Scarus._ I had a wound here that was like a T; + But now 'tis made an H." + _Ant. and Cleop._, Act IV. Sc. 7. + +See also on the "aitch" question, _Letters of an Irish Student_, vol. i. p. +256., London, 1812; and _The Parlour Window_, by the Rev. Edward Mangin, p. +146., London, 1841. + +H. B. C. + +U. U. Club. + +"_Meols_" (Vol. vii., pp. 208. 298.).--There is an extensive parish called +North _Meols_ (the favourite watering-place of Southport being within it) +in the sandy district to the south of the estuary of the Ribble, in +Lancashire. + +PRESTONIENSIS. + +_Polygamy_ (Vol. ix., p. 246.).--The practice of monogamy had been +established among the Jews before the Christian era, as is shown by various +expressions in the New Testament; but their law (like that of other +oriental nations) still permitted polygamy, and they were expressly +prohibited by an enactment of the Emperor Theodosius, of the year 393, from +marrying several wives at the same time (Cod. 1. 9. 7.); so that the +practice was not then extinct among them. Monogamy was the law and practice +of all the Greek and Italian communities, so far back as our accounts +reach. There is no trace of polygamy in Homer. Even in the incestuous +marriages supposed by him in the mythical family of Æolus, the monogamic +rule is observed, _Odyssey_, x. 7. The Roman law recognised monogamy alone, +and hence polygamy was prohibited in the entire Roman empire. It thus +became practically the rule of Christians, and was engrafted into the canon +law of the Eastern and Western Churches. + +L. + +_Wafers_ (Vol. ix., p. 376.).--I have in my possession a volume of original +Italian letters, addressed to a Venetian physician (who appears to have +been eminent in his profession), Michael Angelo Rota, written during the +early part of the seventeenth century. Many of these letters have been +sealed with red wafers, still adhering to the {410} paper, and precisely +similar to those now in use. The earliest of the letters which I have found +sealed is dated April, 1607, which is seventeen years earlier than the +earliest known instance, mentioned by Beckmann (_History of Inventions_, +Bohn's edit., vol. i. p. 146.), of a letter sealed with a wafer. + +WALTER SNEYD. + +Denton. + +I have before me a reprieve from the Council, dated in 1599, sealed with a +wafer, and am certain that I have earlier instances, had I time at this +moment to look them up. + +L. B. L. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. + +The Northern Antiquaries set their brethren in this country a noble +example. Every year sees one or more of them engaged in the production of +carefully-edited volumes of early Scandinavian history. We have now to +record the publication, by Professor Munch, of the old Norse text of _Kong +Olaf Tryggvesön's Saga_ from a MS. in the Library at Stockholm which has +not hitherto been made use of; and also, by the same gentleman, in +conjunction with his friend Professor Unger, of an edition of the _Saga +Olafs Konungs ens Helga_, from the earliest MS. in the library at +Stockholm. Each work is introduced by a preface of great learning, and +illustrated by a large body of valuable notes. + +Those who have shared our regret, that the brilliant notices of books which +occasionally appear in the columns of _The Times_ should be presented in a +form which scarcely admits of their being preserved, and also our +satisfaction when Mr. Murray put forth his selection from them under the +title of _Essays from the Times_, will be glad that the same publisher has +issued in his _Railway Reading_ a Second Series of them, comprising +fourteen articles. + +We may remind all lovers of beautiful illustrations of Mediæval Art, that +Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson will sell by auction on Monday next the +entire stock of the magnificent publications of Mr. Henry Shaw, F.S.A., +whose _Dresses and Decorations of the Middle Ages_ are a type of the whole. +Such an opportunity of securing copies at a reasonable rate will never +occur again. While on the subject of sales, we may mention that Messrs. +Puttick and Simpson announce a sale of _Photographs_. This is the first +instance; but we may be sure, with the growing taste for these accurate +and, in many cases, also artistic transcripts of nature, every season will +see many similar sales. + +At the anniversary of the Society of Antiquaries on Monday last, Admiral +Smyth moved a vote of thanks to MR. BRUCE, on his retirement from the +Treasurership, for his zeal and indefatigable exertions in that office. The +manner in which the gallant Admiral's remarks were received showed, first, +that the reforms advocated by Mr. Bruce now meet the general approval of +the Society; and secondly, that the warmth of feeling which they had called +forth on both sides has entirely disappeared. + +BOOKS RECEIVED.--_Condé's History of the Arabs in Spain, translated from +the Spanish_, by Mrs. Jonathan Foster, in three volumes, Vol. I. Mr. Bohn +deserves the best thanks of all lovers of history for this English +translation--the first which has ever been made--of the admirable work of +Condé. It is one of the most important volumes which he has published in +his _Standard Library.--The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay_, Vol. II. +The second volume of this amusing, gossiping, and egotistical work, +comprises the period 1781-1786.--_Pantomime Budgets, &c._, a clever +pamphlet in favour of prepaid taxation.--_John Penry, the Pilgrim Martyr_, +1559-1593, by John Waddington. A violent anti-church biography of Penry, +whose share in the Marprelate Controversy Mr. Waddington disbelieves on +very insufficient grounds. + + * * * * * + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +LINGARD'S ENGLAND. Foolscap 8vo. 1844. Vols. I. to V., and X. and XI. + +THE WORKS OF DR. JONATHAN SWIFT. London, printed for C. Bathurst, in Fleet +Street, 1768. Vol. VII. (Vol. VI. ending with "Verses on the Death of Dr. +Swift," written in Nov. 1731.) + +BYRON'S WORKS. Vol. VI. of Murray's Edition. 1829. + +The Volume of the LONDON POLYGLOTT which contains the Prophets. +Imperfection in other parts of no consequence. + +CARLISLE ON GRAMMAR SCHOOLS. + +THE CIRCLE OF THE SEASONS. London, 1828. 12mo. Two copies. + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + +Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the +gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are +given for that purpose: + +Any of the occasional Sermons of the Rev. Charles Kingsley, of Eversley, +more particularly THE MISSION OF THE CHURCH TO THE LABOURING CLASSES, and +CLOTHES CHEAP AND NASTY, by Parson Lot. + + Wanted by _H. C. Cowley_, Melksham, Wilts. + +The Numbers of the BRITISH AND COLONIAL QUARTERLY REVIEW, published in +1846, by Smith and Elder, Cornhill, containing a review of a work on +graduated, sliding-scale, Taxation. Also any work of the French School on +the same subject, published from 1790 down to the end of the Revolution. + + Wanted by _R. J. Cole_, 12. Furnival's Inn. + +BREVINT'S CHRISTIAN SACRAMENT AND SACRIFICE, 4th Edition, 1757. Rivingtons. + + Wanted by _S. Hayward_, Bookseller, Bath. + +J. G. AGARDH, SPECIES, GENERA ET ORDINES ALGARUM. Royal 8vo. London +1848-1853. + +LACROIX, DIFF. ET INTEG. CALCULUS. Last edition. + + Wanted by the _Rev. Frederick Smithe_, Churchdown, Gloucester. + +ADMIRAL NAPIER'S REVOLUTION IN PORTUGAL. Moxon, Dover Street. + + Wanted by _Hugh Owen, Esq._, Bristol. + +PLATONIS OPERA OMNIA (Stallbaum). Gothæ et Erfordiæ, Sumptibus Guil. +Hennings, 1832; published in Jacobs and Rost's Bibliotheca Græca. Vol. iv. +Sect. 2., containing Menexenus, Lysis, Hippias uterque, Io. + + Wanted by the _Rev. G. R. Mackarness_, Barnwell Rectory, near Oundle. + +{411} + +ANCIENT COMMERCE OF HINDOSTAN, forming Vol. VII. of "Maurice's Indian +Antiquities, 1796." + + Wanted by the _Rev. H. Atlay, B.-Casterton, Stamford_. + +BISHOP O'BRIEN'S TEN SERMONS ON JUSTIFICATION. + + Wanted by _Lieut. Bruce_, Royal Horse Artillery, Chatham. + +LATIMER'S SERMONS. Published by the Parker Society. Vol. I. + + Wanted by _Mr. J. G. Nichols_, 25. Parliament Street. + +PLANS OR MAPS OF ANCIENT LONDON, and Representations of Remarkable and +Interesting Objects connected therewith--large size (such as Old St. +Paul's, Paul's Cross, Old London Bridge, &c.). + +A Copy of No. 1. (or early number) of "The Times" Newspaper. + +A Copy of one of the "Broadsheets" issued during the Plague. + + Wanted by _Mr. Joseph Simpson_, Librarian, Literary and Scientific + Institution, Islington, London. + + * * * * * + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +SIGMA. _The Rev. Richard Warner, the Historian of Bath, we believe, is +still living, and is Rector of Chadfield, Wilts, and Chelwood, +Somersetshire._ + +F. S. A. _The origin as well as the demolition of Castell Dinâs, Bran, near +Llangollen, have baffled our topographical antiquaries. For some notices of +this fortress consult Pennant's_ Tour in Wales, p. 279., edit. 1778 (_with +a plate of it_); _Leland's_ Itinerary, vol. v. p. 51.; _and_ Beauties of +England and Wales, vol. xviii. p. 558. + +RUSTICA. _The Dutch Gothic Church_, noticed in The Times _of the 5th inst., +is in Austin Friars_. + +J--G. _We did not succeed in getting the book._ + +NEISON ON RAILWAY ACCIDENTS _is published in the_ Journal of the +Statistical Society _for December, 1853, and may be had of Parker, 445 +Strand_. + +B. T. A. _The line_ "England, with all thy faults I love thee still," _is +by Cowper_ (The Task, book ii.). + +REV. J. J. _We fear some injustice was done--unintentionally, but fear also +that it is now too late to remedy it._ + +INQUIRER (Birmingham). _Some of our correspondents have met with great +success from Mr. Crookes' process; but we are bound to say that it has not +been universal._ + +G. W. E. _recommends that in immersing a collodion plate it should first be +inserted horizontally, and then transversely in the nitrate of silver bath, +as a sure means of avoiding spots_. + +_He is informed that if the edges of his glass are roughed, it will greatly +tend to the adhesion of the collodion. The nitrate of silver bath, used for +exciting collodion plates, is not available for exciting albumenized paper +or any other purpose._ + +H. C. C. _1. The addition of cyanide of potassium to the sensitive +collodion not only prevents its decomposition, but appears to add to its +general good qualities. 2. Protosulphate of iron mixed with your nitrate +bath is quite fatal. 3. Good pictures are constantly taken when the +temperature is below sixty; though there is no doubt all chemical action is +quicker in warm weather._ + +B. (Manchester). _See_ "N. & Q.," No. 205, _October 1, 1853_. + +W. BEATSON. _There are difficulties in the way of such an exchange of +photographic pictures, which are very difficult to overcome. At present we +believe the Photographic Society, with the aid of an energetic Council, +have been unable to effect this, even to a limited extent._ + +ERRATUM.--Vol. ix., p. 220. col. 1. line 9, _for_ 1533-5 _read_ 1633-5. + +OUR EIGHTH VOLUME _is now bound and ready for delivery, price_ 10s. 6d., +_cloth, boards. A few sets of the whole Eight Volumes are being made up, +price_ 4l. 4s.--_For these early application is desirable._ + +"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country +Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to +their Subscribers on the Saturday_. + + * * * * * + + +Patronised by the Royal Family. + +TWO THOUSAND POUNDS for any person producing Articles superior to the +following: + +THE HAIR RESTORED AND GREYNESS PREVENTED. + +BEETHAM'S CAPILLARY FLUID is acknowledged to be the most effectual article +for Restoring the Hair in Baldness, strengthening when weak and fine, +effectually preventing falling or turning grey, and for restoring its +natural colour without the use of dye. The rich glossy appearance it +imparts is the admiration of every person. Thousands have experienced its +astonishing efficacy. Bottles 2s. 6d.; double size, 4s. 6d.; 7s. 6d. equal +to 4 small; 11s. to 6 small; 21s. to 13 small. The most perfect beautifier +ever invented. + +SUPERFLUOUS HAIR REMOVED. + +BEETHAM'S VEGETABLE EXTRACT does not cause pain or injury to the skin. Its +effect is unerring, and it is now patronised by royalty and hundreds of the +first families. Bottles, 5s. + +BEETHAM'S PLASTER is the only effectual remover of Corns and Bunions. It +also reduces enlarged Great Toe Joints in an astonishing manner. If space +allowed, the testimony of upwards of twelve thousand individuals, during +the last five years, might be inserted. Packets, 1s.; Boxes, 2s. 6d. Sent +Free by BEETHAM, Chemist, Cheltenham, for 14 or 36 Post Stamps. + + Sold by PRING, 30. Westmorland Street; JACKSON, 9. Westland Row; BEWLEY + & EVANS, Dublin; GOULDING, 108. Patrick Street, Cork; BARRY, 9. Main + Street, Kinsale; GRATTAN, Belfast; MURDOCK, BROTHERS, Glasgow; DUNCAN & + FLOCKHART, Edinburgh. SANGER, 150. Oxford Street; PROUT, 229. Strand; + KEATING, St. Paul's Churchyard; SAVORY & MOORE, Bond Street; HANNAY, + 63. Oxford Street; London. All Chemists and Perfumers will procure + them. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous +Views and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. + +Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest +Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. + +Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this +beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, have, +by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal, +they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any +other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and +appreciation of half-tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed. + +Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of +Photography, Instruction in the Art. + +THE COLLODION AND POSITIVE PAPER PROCESS. By J. B. HOCKIN. Price 1s., per +Post. 1s. 2d. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS. + +OTTEWILL AND MORGAN'S + +Manufactory, 24. & 25. Charlotte Terrace, Caledonian Road, Islington. + +OTTEWILL'S Registered Double Body Folding Camera, adapted for Landscapes or +Portraits, may be had of A. ROSS. Featherstone Buildings, Holborn; the +Photographic Institution, Bond Street; and at the Manufactory as above, +where every description of Cameras, Slides, and Tripods may be had. The +Trade supplied. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS. + +KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and Price of +the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and Son's +Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various Materials, and +pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the Photographic Art. +Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps. + +Instructions given in every branch of the Art. + +An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic Specimens. + +GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London. + + * * * * * + + +COLLODION PORTRAITS AND VIEWS obtained with the greatest ease and certainty +by using BLAND & LONG'S preparation of Soluble Cotton; certainty and +uniformity of action over a lengthened period, combined with the most +faithful rendering of the half-tones, constitute this a most valuable agent +in the hands of the photographer. + +Albumenized paper, for printing from glass or paper negatives, giving a +minuteness of detail unattained by any other method, 5s. per Quire. + +Waxed and Iodized Papers of tried quality. + +Instruction in the Processes. + +BLAND & LONG, Opticians and Photographical Instrument Makers, and Operative +Chemists, 153. Fleet Street, London. + +*** Catalogues sent on application. + + * * * * * + + +THE SIGHT preserved by the Use of SPECTACLES adapted to suit every variety +of Vision by means of SMEE'S OPTOMETER, which effectually prevents Injury +to the Eyes from the Selection of Improper Glasses, and is extensively +employed by + +BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +{412} + +Sale of Photographic Pictures, Landscape Camera by Horne & Co.; Prints and +Drawings. + +PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by +AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, early in MAY, an important +Collection of Photographic Pictures by the most celebrated Artists and +Amateurs; comprising some _chefs d'oeuvre_ of the Art, amongst which are +large and interesting Views taken in Paris, Rouen, Brussels, Switzerland, +Rome, Venice, various parts of England and Scotland. Rustic Scenes, +Architectural Subjects, Antiquities, &c. Also, some interesting Prints and +Drawings. + +Catalogues will be sent on Application (if at a distance, on Receipt of Two +Stamps.) + + * * * * * + + +SALE of the REV. G. S. FABER'S LIBRARY.--MR. WHITE has received +instructions to sell by Auction in the House No. 1. North Bailey (next door +to the Exhibition Room), Durham, on Tuesday, May 9th, and three following +days, the extensive and valuable Library of the late REV. G. S. FABER, +Prebendary of Salisbury, and Master of Sherburn Hospital, Durham, +consisting of editions of the Fathers, Works on Divinity, General +Literature, &c. + +Catalogues are now ready, and may be had of MESSRS. F. & J. RIVINGTON, No. +3. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, and of MR. S. LOW, 169. Fleet Street, London; +MESSRS. BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh; of MR. ANDREWS, Bookseller, Durham, +and of the Auctioneer. + +Catalogues will be forwarded by Post by MR. ANDREWS, Bookseller, Durham, on +receipt of Two Postage Stamps. + + * * * * * + + +PIANOFORTES, 25 Guineas each.--D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square +(established A.D. 1785), sole manufacturers of the ROYAL PIANOFORTES, at 25 +guineas each. Every instrument warranted. The peculiar advantages of these +pianofortes are best described in the following professional testimonial; +signed by the majority of the leading musicians of the age:--"We, the +under-signed members of the musical profession, having carefully examined +the Royal Pianofortes manufactured by MESSRS. D'ALMAINE & Co., have great +pleasure in bearing testimony to their merits and capabilities. It appears +to us impossible to produce instruments of the same size possessing a +richer and finer tone, more elastic touch, or more equal temperament, while +the elegance of their construction renders them a handsome ornament for the +library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. +Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, +E. F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. +Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. +Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee, A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. +Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry +Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank Romer, G. H. Rodwell, E. +Rockel, Sims Reeves, J. Templeton, Y. Weber, H. Westrop, T. H. Wright," &c. + +D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square. Lists and Designs Gratis. + + * * * * * + + +W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of +Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are +greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in +Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches +among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or +other Depositories of similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature, History, +Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had considerable +experience. + +1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY. + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY. + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + _Directors._ + + H. E. Bicknell, Esq. | T. Grissell, Esq. + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P. | J. Hunt, Esq. + G. H. Drew, Esq. | J. A. Lethbridge, Esq. + W. Evans, Esq. | E. Lucas, Esq. + W. Freeman, Esq. | J. Lys Seager, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. | J. B. White, Esq. + J. H. Goodhart, Esq. | J. Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, + Esq. + _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age £ s. d. | Age £ s. d. + 17 1 14 4 | 32 2 10 8 + 22 1 18 8 | 37 2 18 6 + 27 2 4 5 | 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +BANK OF DEPOSIT. + +No. 3. Pall Mall East, and 7. St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Square, London. + +_Established_ A.D. 1844. + +INVESTMENT ACCOUNTS may be opened daily, with capital of any amount. + +Interest payable in January and July. + + PETER MORRISON, + Managing Director. + +Prospectuses and Forms sent free on application. + + * * * * * + + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class X., +in Gold and Silver Cases in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, +may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, 65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +London Homoeopathic Hospital. + +32. GOLDEN SQUARE, + +Founded by the British Homoeopathic Association, October 10, 1849; opened +for the Reception of Patients, April 10, 1850. + + _Patroness._ + + Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge. + + _President._ + + Field-Marshal the Marquis of Anglesey, K.G., G.C.B. + + _Vice-Presidents._ + + His Grace the Archbishop of Dublin. + His Grace the Duke of Beaufort. + Right Hon. the Earl of Essex. + Right Hon. the Viscount Sydney. + Right Hon. the Lord Gray. + The Viscount Maldon. + Lord Francis Gordon. + Captain Lord C. Paget, R.N., M.P. + Captain Lord A. Paget, M.P + Colonel Lord G. Paget, M.P. + Colonel Wyndham. + F. Foster Quin, Esq., M.D. + Marmaduke B. Sampson, Esq. + + _Treasurer._ + + Sir John Dean Paul, Bart., 217. Strand. + + * * * * * + +A CONVERSAZIONE + +(Instead of the Annual Dinner), + +In Aid of the Funds of this Hospital, will be held at + +THE HANOVER SQUARE ROOMS, + +On TUESDAY EVENING, May 2, at Eight o'clock. + +Tickets may be had at the Hospital, 32. Golden Square of Messrs. Aylott & +Jones, Paternoster Row; Mr. Bailliere, 219. Regent Street; Mr. Headland, +15. Princes Street, Hanover Square; Mr. Leath, Vere Street, Cavendish +Square, and St. Paul's Churchyard; Mr. Walker, Conduit Street; Mr. James +Epps, Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury Square, and Broad Street, City; Mr. +Turner, Piccadilly, Manchester; Mr. Thompson, Liverpool; and at all the +Homoeopathic Chemists and Booksellers. + +Single Tickets, 7s. 6d.; Family Tickets to admit Four, 1l. 4s. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION. + +THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and Continental +Artists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free Admission. + + £ s. d. + A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent + Process 1 1 0 + Additional Copies (each) 0 5 0 + A Coloured Portrait, highly finished + (small size) 3 3 0 + A Coloured Portrait, highly finished + (larger size) 5 5 0 + +Miniatures, Oil Paintings, Water-Colour, and Chalk Drawings, Photographed +and Coloured in imitation of the Originals. Views of Country Mansions, +Churches, &c., taken at a short notice. + +Cameras, Lenses, and all the necessary Photographic Apparatus and +Chemicals, are supplied, tested, and guaranteed. + +Gratuitous Instruction is given to Purchasers of Sets of Apparatus. + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, +168. New Bond Street. + + * * * * * + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10 Stonefield Street, in the Parish of +St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. +Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. +Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of +London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, April 29, +1854. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 235, April +29, 1854, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 31359-8.txt or 31359-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/1/3/5/31359/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 235, April 29, 1854 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: February 22, 2010 [EBook #31359] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<p><!-- Page 389 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page389"></a>{389}</span></p> + +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—<span class="sc">Captain Cuttle</span>.</h3> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:25%"> + <p><b>No. 235.</b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, April 29. 1854</span></b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:25%"> + <p><b>Price Fourpence<br />Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:94%"> + <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:—</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:5%"> + <p>Page</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Curious Old Pamphlet</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page391">391</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Errata in Printed Bibles</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page391">391</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Impossibilities of History</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page392">392</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Unregistered Proverbs, by C. Mansfield Ingleby</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page392">392</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Mr. Justice Talfourd, by H. M. Bealby and T. J. Buckton</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page393">393</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>The Screw Propeller</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page394">394</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Ancient Chattel-Property in Ireland, by James F. Ferguson</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page394">394</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Bishop Atterbury</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page395">395</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Notes</span>:—"Milton + Blind"—Hydropathy—Cassie—The Duke of + Wellington—Romford Jury—Edward Law (Lord Ellenborough), + Chief Justice—Chamisso—Dates of + Maps—Walton—Whittington's Stone on Highgate + Hill—Turkey and France</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page395">395</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Female Aide-Major</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page397">397</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries</span>:—"Chintz + Gowns"—"Noctes Ambrosianæ"—B. Simmons—Green + Stockings—Nicholas Kieten—Warwickshire + Badge—Armorial—Lord Brougham and Horne Tooke—Rileys + of Forest Hill—Fish "Lavidian"—"Poeta nascitur, non + fit"—John Wesley and the Duke of + Wellington—Haviland—Byron—Rutabaga—A + Medal—The Black Cap—The Aboriginal Britons</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page397">397</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries with + Answers</span>:—"Gossip"—Humphry + Repton—"Oriel"—"Orchard"—"Peckwater"—Richard + III.—Binding of old Books—Vessel of Paper</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page399">399</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>King James's Irish Army List, 1689, by John D'Alton</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page401">401</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Quotations Wanted, by G. Taylor, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page402">402</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Oaths, by James F. Ferguson, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page402">402</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Remuneration of Authors, by Alexander Andrews</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page404">404</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Occasional Forms of Prayer, by the Rev. W. Sparrow Simpson, + &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page404">404</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Photographic Correspondence</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Photographic Query—Improvement in Collodion—Printing + Positives—Photographic Excursions</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page406">406</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies to Minor Queries</span>:—"To + Garble"—"Lyra Apostolica"—John Bale, Bishop of + Ossory—Burial in an erect + Posture—"Carronade"—"Largesse"—Precious + Stones—"A Pinch of Snuff"—Darwin on Steam—Gale of + Rent—Cobb + Family—"Aches"—"Meols"—Polygamy—Wafers</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page407">407</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notes on Books, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page410">410</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books and Odd Volumes Wanted</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page410">410</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notices to Correspondents</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page411">411</a></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE +AND AGRICULTURAL +GAZETTE.</p> + + <p>In consequence of the Advertisement Duty having been taken off, the + customary charges for Advertisements in "The Gardeners' Chronicle and + Agricultural Gazette" have been reduced.</p> + + <p>Advertisements appear in both Editions without extra charge.</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Advertising rates." title="Advertising rates."> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> </td><td class="nspcsingle"> <i>s.</i> <i>d.</i> </td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Space of Four lines and under (body type) </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 2 6</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Each additional line up to Twenty </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 0 6</td></tr> +</table> + + <p>From the Official Stamp Returns published April 5, 1854, it appears + that during the three preceding years, 1851, 1852, and 1853, the Stamps + supplied to each of the undermentioned Journals gave them an average sale + of—</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Circulation figures." title="Circulation figures."> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND <br /> +AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 6277</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Era </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 5500</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Wesleyan Times </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 5094</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Magnet </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 4705</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Examiner </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 4694</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Mark Lane Express </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 4500</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Evening Mail </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 4488</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Field </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 4409</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Morning Herald </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 4021</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Daily News </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 3910</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Guardian </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 3904</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Economist </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 3837</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> British Banner </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 3798</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Record </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 3736</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Watchman </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 3681</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Nonconformist </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2987</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Spectator </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2856</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> St. James's Chronicle </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2844</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Morning Post </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2652</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Sun </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2539</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Morning Chronicle </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2364</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Britannia </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2329</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Express </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2235</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Leader </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2140</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Herapath's Journal </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2066</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> John Bull </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 2020</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Globe </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 1926</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Weekly News </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 1709</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> United Service Gazette </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 1708</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Railway Times </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 1641</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Atlas </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 1479</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Standard </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 1456</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Naval and Military Gazette </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 1313</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Patriot </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 1304</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Gardeners' and Farmers' Journal </td><td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> 752</td></tr> +</table> + +<p class="cenhead">OFFICE FOR ADVERTISEMENTS AND +COMMUNICATIONS,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">5. Upper Wellington Street, Covent Garden, +London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>SECOND-HAND BOOKS.—Gratis and Post Free, a New Catalogue of Good + and Cheap Books, on Sale by SOTHERAN & CO., 331. Strand (opposite + Somerset House). Libraries purchased.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">This Day, Cheaper Edition, Two Volumes, +fcap. 8vo., 9<i>s.</i>,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">FRIENDS IN COUNCIL.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: JOHN W. PARKER & SON, +West Strand.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">THE CAMDEN SOCIETY for +the Publication of Early Historical and +Literary Remains.</p> + + <p>The ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING will be held at the FREEMASON'S TAVERN, + Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, on TUESDAY, MAY 2, at Four + o'clock. LORD BRAYBROOKE, the President, in the Chair.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>WILLIAM J. THOMS, Secretary.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<hr class="short" /> + + <p>The following are the Publications of the Society which have been + issued during the past year:—</p> + + <p>I. PROMPTORIUM PARVULORUM: Tom. II. Edited by ALBERT WAY, Esq., M.A., + F.S.A.</p> + + <p>II. REGULÆ INCLUSARUM: THE ANCREN REWLE. A Treatise on the Rules and + Duties of Monastic Life, in the Anglo-Saxon Dialect of the 13th Century. + Edited by the REV. JAMES MORTON, B.D., Prebendary of Lincoln.</p> + + <p>III. LETTERS OF THE LADY BRILLIANA HARLEY: 1625-1643. Edited by the + REV. T. T. LEWIS, M.A.</p> + + <p>IV. THE HOUSEHOLD ROLL OF RICHARD SWINFIELD, BISHOP OF HEREFORD, 18 + Edw. I. Vol. I. Edited by the REV. JOHN WEBB, M.A., F.S.A.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + + <p>The Subscription to the Society is 1<i>l.</i> per annum, which becomes + due on the 1st of May.</p> + + <p>Communications from gentlemen desirous of becoming Members may be + addressed to the Secretary, or to MESSRS. NICHOLS, No. 25. Parliament + Street, Westminster; by whom the Subscriptions are received.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, with ten coloured Engravings, +price 5<i>s.</i>,</p> + + <p>NOTES ON AQUATIC MICROSCOPIC SUBJECTS OF NATURAL HISTORY, selected + from the "Microscopic Cabinet." By ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Also, in 8vo., pp. 720, plates 24, price 21<i>s.</i>, or +coloured, 36<i>s.</i>,</p> + + <p>A HISTORY OF INFUSORIAL ANIMALCULES, Living and Fossil, containing + Descriptions of every species, British and Foreign, the methods of + procuring and viewing them, &c., illustrated by numerous Engravings. + By ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"There is no work extant in which so much valuable information + concerning Infusoria (Animalcules) can be found, and every Microscopist + should add it to his library."—<i>Silliman's Journal.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + +<p class="cenhead">London: WHITTAKER & CO., Ave Maria +Lane.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>SMEE'S BINOCULAR PERSPECTIVE PHOTOGRAPHS.—A full account of the + mode of taking these extraordinary Likenesses in "Smee on the Eye," just + published, price 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HORNE, THORNTHWAITE & WOOD, +123. Newgate Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 390 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page390"></a>{390}</span></p> + + <p>THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CLXXXVIII., is published THIS DAY.</p> + + <div class="contents"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i6"><span class="sc">Contents:</span></p> + <p> I. LAURENCE STERNE.</p> + <p> II. SACRED GEOGRAPHY.</p> + <p> III. THE WHIG PARTY.</p> + <p> IV. THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE.</p> + <p> V. CRIMINAL LAW DIGEST.</p> + <p> VI. THE TURKS AND THE GREEKS.</p> + <p> VII. TREASURES OF ART IN BRITAIN.</p> + <p>VIII. NEW REFORM BILL.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, No. VI., 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, published +Quarterly.</p> + + <p>RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW (New Series); consisting of Criticisms upon, + Analyses of, and Extracts from, Curious, Useful, Valuable, and Scarce Old + Books.</p> + + <p>Vol. I., 8vo., pp. 436, cloth 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, is also + ready.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square, +London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">NORTH BRITISH REVIEW. +No. XLI. MAY. Price 6<i>s.</i></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i6"><span class="sc">Contents.</span></p> + <p> I. THE PLURALITY OF WORLDS.</p> + <p> II. BRITISH AND CONTINENTAL CHARACTERISTICS.</p> + <p> III. THE UNION WITH ENGLAND AND SCOTTISH NATIONALITY.</p> + <p> IV. CHRISTIANITY IN THE SECOND CENTURY, AND THE CHRISTIAN EVIDENCES.</p> + <p> V. THE ART OF EDUCATION.</p> + <p> VI. RUSKIN AND ARCHITECTURE, PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE.</p> + <p> VII. PROFESSOR FORBES AND MR. LLOYD IN SCANDINAVIA.</p> + <p>VIII. AUGUSTE COMTE AND POSITIVISM.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p class="cenhead">Edinburgh: W. P. KENNEDY. London: +HAMILTON, ADAMS, & CO. Dublin: +J. M‘GLASHAN.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">SIR ARCHIBALD ALISON'S +NEW HISTORY.</p> + + <p>THE HISTORY OF EUROPE, from the Fall of Napoleon to the Accession of + Louis Napoleon, in Five Vols. 8vo. Price 15<i>s.</i> each. Vols. I. and + II. are published.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">The THIRD VOLUME, to be published in +May, will contain:</p> + + <p>Asia Minor, Greece, Turkey, in 1821—The Greek Revolution, Battle + of Navarino, and Establishment of Greek Independence—The war + between Russia and Turkey, 1827-1829—France to the Revolution of + 1830, &c. &c.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, +Edinburgh and London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">MISS STRICKLAND'S +SCOTTISH QUEENS.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">This Day is published, a Second Edition of +Vols. I. and II. of</p> + +<p class="cenhead">LIVES OF THE QUEENS +OF SCOTLAND, AND ENGLISH +PRINCESSES connected with the Regal Succession +of Great Britain. By AGNES +STRICKLAND.</p> + + <p>The Volumes published contain:—1. Life of Margaret Tudor, + Magdalene of France, and Mary of Lorraine. 2. Continuation of Mary of + Lorraine, Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox. 3. and 4. 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GOODWIN, B.D. + 20<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>An Historical Inquiry touching St. Catherine of Alexandria, + illustrated by a Semi-Saxon Legend. By the REV. C. HARDWICK, M.A. + 12<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">OCTAVO SERIES.</p> + + <p>I. Anglo-Saxon Legends of St. Andrew and St. Veronica. By C. W. + GOODWIN, M.A. 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>II. Græco-Egyptian Fragment on Magic. By C. W. GOODWIN, M.A. + 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>III. Ancient Cambridgeshire. By C. C. BABINGTON, M.A. 3<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>Reports and Communications, Nos. I. and II. 1<i>s.</i> each.</p> + + <p>Index to Baker Manuscripts. 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">J. DEIGHTON: MACMILLAN & CO., +Cambridge.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN W. PARKER & SON, and GEORGE +BELL, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Standard Library for May.</span></p> + + <p>LOCKE'S PHILOSOPHICAL WORKS, containing the "Essay on the Human + Understanding," the "Conduct of the Understanding," &c., with + Preliminary Discourse and Notes, by J. A. ST. JOHN, ESQ. In Two Volumes. + With Portrait. Vol. I. Post 8vo. cloth. 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's British Classics for May.</span></p> + + <p>ADDISON'S WORKS, with the Notes of BISHOP HURD. With Portrait and + Engravings on Steel. Vol. III. Post 8vo. cloth. 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Classical Library for May.</span></p> + + <p>CATULLUS, TIBULLUS and THE VIGIL OF VENUS. A literal Prose + Translation. To which are added Metrical Versions by LAMB, GRAINGER, and + others. With Frontispiece. Post 8vo. cloth, 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Ecclesiastical Library for May.</span></p> + + <p>THEODORET AND EVAGRIUS. Histories of the Church, from <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 322 to <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 427, and + from A.D. 431 to A.D. 544. Translated from the Greek, with General Index. + Post 8vo. cloth, 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street, +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, in 8vo., with Views, price, in +cloth, 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; or, large paper (royal 8vo.), +price, in cloth, 12<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>DESCRIPTIVE AND HISTORICAL NOTICES of NORTHUMBRIAN CASTLES, CHURCHES, + and ANTIQUITIES. By WILLIAM SIDNEY GIBSON, Esq., F.S.A.—THIRD + SERIES: Comprising Visits to Naworth Castle, Lanercost Priory, and Corby + Castle, in Cumberland: the ruined Monasteries of Brinkburn, Jarrow, and + Tynemouth; Bishop Middleham, and the Town of Hartlepool; + Newcastle-on-Tyne, and Durham Cathedral.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, +& LONGMANS.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, in 16mo., price 1<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>MOROCCO, its PRESENT STATE: A Chapter of Mussulman Civilisation. By + XAVIER DURRIEU. Forming Part 60 of the "Traveller's Library."</p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, +& LONGMANS.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, in fcp. 8vo., price, in cloth, 6<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THE STATISTICAL COMPANION for 1854: exhibiting the most interesting + Facts in Moral and Intellectual, Vital, Economical, and Political + Statistics, at Home and Abroad. Compiled by T. C. BANFIELD, Esq.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, +& LONGMANS.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description + of upwards of 100 articles, consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, + Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and + other travelling requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post + on receipt of Two Stamps.</p> + + <p>MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their + Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new + Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best + articles of the kind ever produced.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>CHUBB'S LOCKS, with all the recent improvements. Strong fire-proof + safes, cash and deed boxes. Complete list of sizes and prices may be had + on application.</p> + + <p>CHUBB & SON, 57. St. Paul's Churchyard, London; 28. Lord Street, + Liverpool; 16. Market Street, Manchester; and Horseley Fields, + Wolverhampton.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE. MESSRS. S. ALLSOPP & SONS beg to + inform the TRADE that they are now registering Orders for the March + Brewings of their PALE ALE in Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the + BREWERY, Burton-on-Trent; and at the under-mentioned Branch + Establishments:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>LONDON, at 61. King William Street, City.</p> + <p>LIVERPOOL, at Cook Street.</p> + <p>MANCHESTER, at Ducie Place.</p> + <p>DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree.</p> + <p>GLASGOW, at 115. St. Vincent Street.</p> + <p>DUBLIN, at 1. Crampton Quay.</p> + <p>BIRMINGHAM, at Market Hall.</p> + <p>SOUTH WALES, at 13. King Street, Bristol.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>MESSRS. ALLSOPP & SONS take the opportunity of announcing to + PRIVATE FAMILIES that their ALES, so strongly recommended by the Medical + Profession, may be procured in DRAUGHT and BOTTLES GENUINE from all the + most RESPECTABLE LICENSED VICTUALLERS, on "ALLSOPP'S PALE ALE" being + specially asked for.</p> + + <p>When in bottle, the genuineness of the label can be ascertained by its + having "ALLSOPP & SONS" written across it.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 391 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page391"></a>{391}</span></p> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 23, 1854.</i></p> + +<h2>Notes.</h2> + +<h3>CURIOUS OLD PAMPHLET.</h3> + + <p>Grubbing among old pamphlets, the following has turned up:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A Fragment of an Essay towards the most ancient Histories of the Old + and New Worlds, connected. Intended to be carried on in four Parts or + Æras. That is, from the Creation of all Things to the Time of the Deluge: + thence to the Birth of Abraham: from that Period to the Descent of Jacob + and his Family into Egypt: and, lastly, to the Time of the Birth of + Moses. Attempted to be executed in Blank Verse, 8vo. pp. 59. Printed in + the year 1765."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This Miltonic rhapsody supposes Adam, when verging on his nine + hundreth year, to have assembled his descendants to a kind of jubilee, + when sacrifices, and other antediluvian solemnities, being observed, + "Seth, the pious son of his comfort, gravely arose, and, after due + obedience to the first of men, humbly beseeched the favour to have their + memories refreshed by a short history of the marvellous things in the + beginning." Then Adam thus:—Hereupon the anonymous author puts into + the mouth of the great progenitor of the human race a history of the + Creation, in blank verse, in accordance with the Mosaic and orthodox + account. Concluding his revelations without reference to the Fall, Seth + would interrogate their aged sire upon what followed thence, when Adam + excuses himself from the painful recital by predicting the special advent + in after times of a mind equal to that task:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"But of this Fall, this heart-felt, deep-felt lapse,</p> + <p>This Paradise thus lost, no mortal man</p> + <p>Shall sing which lives on earth.</p> + <p class="i12">Far distant hence</p> + <p>In farther distant times, fair Liberty</p> + <p>Shall reign, queen of the Seas, and lady of</p> + <p>The Isles; nay, sovereign of the world's repose.</p> + <p>And Peace!</p> + <p class="i4">In her a mighty genius shall</p> + <p>Arise, of high ethereal mould, great in</p> + <p>Renown, sublime, superior far to praise</p> + <p>Of sublunary man—or Fame herself.</p> + <p class="i1">Though blind to all things here on earth below,</p> + <p>The heav'ns of heav'ns themselves shall he explore,</p> + <p>And soar on high with strong, with outstretched wings!</p> + <p>There sing of marvels not to be conceived,</p> + <p>Express'd, or thought by any but himself!"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>This curious production is avowedly from the other side of the Tweed, + and I would ask if its paternity is known to any of your antiquarian + correspondents there or here.</p> + + <p>The Fragment is preceded by a very remarkable Preface, containing + "some reasons why this little piece has thus been thrown off in such a + loose and disorderly manner;" among which figure the desire "to disperse + a parcel of them gratis,—because they are, perhaps, worth nothing; + that nobody may pay for his folly but himself; that, if his Fragment is + damned, which it probably may be, he will thenceforth drop any farther + correspondence with Adam, Noah, Abraham, &c.; and, lastly, that he + may be benefited by the criticisms upon its faults and failings, while he + himself lurks cunningly behind the curtain. But if, after all," says the + facetious author, "this little northern urchin shall chance to spring + forward under the influence of a more southern and warmer sun, the author + will then endeavour to bring his goods to market as plump, fresh, and + fair as the soil will admit."</p> + + <p>I presume, however, the public did not call for any of the farther + instalments promised in the title.</p> + + <p class="author">J. O.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>ERRATA IN PRINTED BIBLES.</h3> + + <p>Mr. D'Israeli, in his <i>Curiosities of Literature</i>, has an article + entitled "The Pearl Bibles and Six Thousand Errata," in which he gives + some notable specimens of the blunders perpetrated in the printing of + Bibles in earlier times. The great demand for them prompted unscrupulous + persons to supply it without much regard to carefulness or accuracy; and, + besides, printers were not so expert as at the present day.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The learned Ussher," Mr. D'Israeli tells us, "one day hastening to + preach at Paul's Cross, entered the shop of one of the stationers, as + booksellers were then called, and inquiring for a Bible of the London + edition, when he came to look for his text, to his astonishment and his + horror he discovered that the verse was omitted in the Bible! This gave + the first occasion of complaint to the king, of the insufferable + negligence and incapacity of the London press; and first bred that great + contest which followed between the University of Cambridge and the London + stationers, about the right of printing Bibles."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Even during the reign of Charles I., and in the time of the + Commonwealth, the manufacture of spurious Bibles was carried on to an + alarming extent. English Bibles were fabricated in Holland for cheapness, + without any regard to accuracy. Twelve thousand of these (12mo.) Bibles, + with notes, were seized by the King's printers as being contrary to the + statute; and a large impression of these Dutch-English Bibles were + burned, by order of the Assembly of Divines, for certain errors. The + Pearl (24mo.) Bible, printed by Field, in 1653, contains some scandalous + blunders;—for instance, Romans, vi. 13.: "Neither yield ye your + members as instruments of <i>righteousness</i> unto sin"—for + <i>unrighteousness</i>. 1 Cor. vi. 9.: "Know ye not that <!-- Page 392 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page392"></a>{392}</span>the + unrighteous <i>shall inherit</i> the kingdom of God?"—for <i>shall + not inherit</i>.</p> + + <p>The printer of Miles Coverdale's Bible, which was finished in 1535, + and of which only two perfect copies, I believe, are known to + exist—one in the British Museum, the other in the library of the + Earl of Jersey—deserves some commendation for his accuracy. At the + end of the New Testament is the following solitary erratum:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A faute escaped in pryntyng the New Testament. Upon the fourth leafe, + the first syde in the sixth chapter of S. Mathew, 'Seke ye first the + kingdome of heaven,' read, 'Seke ye first the kingdome of God.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Abhba.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>IMPOSSIBILITIES OF HISTORY.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">"That unworthy hand."</p> + + <p>I am not aware that the fact of Cranmer's holding his right hand in + the flames till it was consumed has been questioned. Fox says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"He stretched forth his right hand into the flames, and there held it + so stedfast that all the people might see it burnt to a coal before his + body was touched."—P. 927. ed. Milner, London, 1837, 8vo.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Or, as the passage is given in the last edition,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"And when the wood was kindled, and the fire began to burn near him, + he put his right hand into the flame, which he held so stedfast and + immovable (saving that once with the same hand he wiped his face), that + all men might see his hand burned before his body was + touched."—<i>Acts and Monuments</i>, ed. 1839, vol. viii. p. + 90.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Burnet is more circumstantial:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"When he came to the stake he prayed, and then undressed himself: and + being tied to it, as the fire was kindling, he stretched forth his right + hand towards the flame, never moving it, save that once he wiped his face + with it, till it was burnt away, which was consumed before the fire + reached his body. He expressed no disorder from the pain he was in; + sometimes saying, 'That unworthy hand;' and oft crying out, 'Lord Jesus, + receive my spirit.' He was soon after quite burnt."—<i>Hist. of the + Reformation</i>, vol. iii. p. 429., ed. 1825.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Hume says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"He stretched out his hand, and, without betraying either by his + countenance or motions the least sign of weakness, or even feeling, he + held it in the flames till it was entirely consumed."—Hume, vol. + iv. p. 476.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>It is probable that Hume believed this, for while Burnet states + positively as a fact, though only inferentially as a miracle, that "the + heart was found entire and unconsumed among the ashes," Hume says, "it + was pretended that his heart," &c.</p> + + <p>I am not about to discuss the character of Cranmer: a timid man might + have been roused under such circumstances into attempting to do what it + is said he did. The laws of physiology and combustion show that he could + not have gone beyond the attempt. If a furnace were so constructed, that + a man might hold his hand in the flame without burning his body, the + shock to the nervous system would deprive him of all command over + muscular action before the skin could be "entirely consumed." If the hand + were chained over the fire, the shock would produce death.</p> + + <p>In this case the fire was unconfined. Whoever has seen the effect of + flame in the open air, must know that the vast quantity sufficient + entirely to consume a human hand, must have destroyed the life of its + owner; though, from a peculiar disposition of the wood, the vital parts + might have been protected.</p> + + <p>The entire story is utterly impossible. May we, guided by the words + "as the fire was kindling," believe that he <i>then</i> thrust his right + hand into the flame—a practice I believe not unusual with our + martyrs, and peculiarly suitable to him—and class the "holding it + till consumed" with the whole and unconsumed heart?</p> + + <p>I may observe that in the accounts of martyrdoms little investigation + was made as to what was possible. Burnet, describing Hooper's execution, + says, "one of his hands fell off before he died, with the other he + continued to knock on his breast some time after." This, I have high + medical authority for saying, could not be.</p> + + <p class="author">H. B. C.</p> + + <p class="address">U. U. Club.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>UNREGISTERED PROVERBS.</h3> + + <p>In Mr. Trench's charming little book on <i>Proverbs</i>, 2nd ed., p. + 31., he remarks:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"There are not a few (proverbs), as I imagine, which, living on the + lips of men, have yet never found their way into books, however worthy to + have done so; either because the sphere in which they circulate has + continued always a narrow one, or that the occasions which call them out + are very rare, or that they, having only lately risen up, have not + hitherto attracted the attention of any one who cared to record them. It + would be well, if such as take an interest in the subject, and are + sufficiently well versed in the proverbial literature of their own + country to recognise such unregistered proverbs when they meet them, + would secure them from that perishing, which, so long as they remain + merely oral, might easily overtake them; and would make them at the same + time, what all <i>good</i> proverbs ought certainly to be, the common + heritage of all."</p> + + <p>"<i>Note.</i>—The pages of the excellent <i>Notes and + Queries</i> would no doubt be open to receive such, and in them they + might be safely garnered up," &c.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I trust this appeal of Mr. Trench's will be at once responded to by + both the editor and correspondents of this periodical. With the former + <!-- Page 393 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page393"></a>{393}</span>must rest the responsibility of + withholding from reproduction any proverbs, which though sent him as + novelties, may be already registered in the recognised collections.</p> + + <p>Mr. Trench's first contribution to this <i>bouquet</i> of the wild + flowers of proverbial lore is the following, from Ireland:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"'<i>The man on the dyke always hurls well.</i>' The looker on," says + Mr. Trench in explanation, "at a game of hurling, seated indolently on + the wall, always imagines that he could improve on the strokes of the + actual players, and if you will listen to him, would have played the game + much better than they, a proverb of sufficiently wide + application."—P. 32.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Each proverb sent in should be accompanied with a statement of the + class among whom, or the locality in which, it is current. The index to + "N. & Q." should contain a reference to every proverb published in + its pages, under the head of <i>Unregistered Proverbs</i>, or + <i>Proverbs</i> only. Correspondents should bear in mind the essential + requisite of a proverb, <i>currency</i>. Curt, sharp sayings might easily + be multiplied; what is wanted, however, is a collection of such only as + have that prerequisite of admission into the ranks of recognised + proverbs. And while contributors should not lose sight of "the stamp of + merit," as that which renders the diffusion of proverbs beneficial to + mankind, still they should not reject a genuine proverb for want of that + characteristic, remembering that,—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"'Tween man and man, they weight not every stamp;</p> + <p>Though light, take pieces for the <i>figure's</i> sake."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>And that the mere <i>form</i> of a proverb often affords some + indication of its age and climate, even where the <i>matter</i> is + spurious. I have a large MS. collection of English proverbs by me, from + which I doubt not I shall be able to extract some few which have never + yet been admitted into any published collection. Of these at some future + time.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Mansfield Ingleby.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[We shall be happy to do all in our power to carry out this very + excellent suggestion.—Ed. "N. & Q."]</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>MR. JUSTICE TALFOURD.</h3> + + <p>The noble sentiments uttered by Justice Talfourd in his last moments + gave a charm to his sudden death, and shed a hallowed beauty about the + painfully closing scenes of this great man. I want them to have a niche + in "N. & Q.," and along with them a passage from his beautiful + tragedy of <i>Ion</i>, which may be considered as a transcript of those + thoughts which filled his mind on the very eve of quitting the high and + honourable duties of his earthly course. It forcibly illustrates the + loving soul, the kind heart, and the amiable character of this deeply + lamented judge.</p> + + <p>After speaking of the peculiar aspect of crime in that part of the + country where he delivered his last charge, he goes on to say:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I cannot help myself thinking it may be in no small degree + attributable to that separation between class and class, which is the + great curse of British society, and for which we are all, more or less, + in our respective spheres, in some degree responsible, and which is more + complete in these districts than in agricultural districts, where the + resident gentry are enabled to shed around them the blessings resulting + from the exercise of benevolence, and the influence and example of active + kindness. I am afraid we all of us keep too much aloof from those beneath + us, and whom we thus encourage to look upon us with suspicion and + dislike. Even to our servants we think, perhaps, we fulfil our duty when + we perform our contract with them—when we pay them their wages, and + treat then with the civility consistent with our habits and + feelings—when we curb our temper, and use no violent expressions + towards them. But how painful is the thought, that there are men and + women growing up around us, ministering to our comforts and necessities, + continually inmates of our dwellings, with whose affections and nature we + are as much unacquainted as if they were the inhabitants of some other + sphere. This feeling, arising from that kind of reserve peculiar to the + English character, does, I think, greatly tend to prevent that mingling + of class with class, that reciprocation of kind words and gentle + affections, gracious admonitions and kind inquiries, which often, more + than any book-education, tend to the culture of the affections of the + heart, refinement and elevation of the character of those to whom they + are addressed. And if I were to be asked what is the great want of + English society—to mingle class with class—I would say, in + one word, the want is the want of sympathy."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Act I. Sc. 2. After Clemanthe has told Ion that, forsaking all within + his house, and risking his life with strangers, he can do but little for + their aid, Ion replies:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i10hg3">"It is little:</p> + <p>But in these sharp extremities of fortune,</p> + <p>The blessings which the weak and poor can scatter</p> + <p>Have their own season. 'Tis a little thing</p> + <p>To give a cup of water; yet its draught</p> + <p>Of cool refreshment, drain'd by fever'd lips,</p> + <p>May give a shock of pleasure to the frame</p> + <p>More exquisite than when nectarean juice</p> + <p>Renews the life of joy in happiest hours.</p> + <p>It is a little thing to speak a phrase</p> + <p>Of common comfort, which, by daily use,</p> + <p>Has almost lost its sense; yet, on the ear</p> + <p>Of him who thought to die unmourn'd, 'twill fall</p> + <p>Like choicest music; fill the glazing eye</p> + <p>With gentle tears; relax the knotted hand</p> + <p>To know the bonds of fellowship again;</p> + <p>And shed on the departing soul a sense,</p> + <p>More precious than the benison of friends</p> + <p>About the honour'd death-bed of the rich,</p> +<!-- Page 394 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page394"></a>{394}</span> + <p>To him who else were lonely, that another</p> + <p>Of the great family is near and feels."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The analogy is as beautiful as it is true.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. M. Bealby.</span></p> + + <p class="address">North Brixton.</p> + + <p>Before this talented judge was advanced to the bench, he amused + himself and instructed his clients by occasional <i>metrical</i> notes, + of which the annexed is a specimen. To make it intelligible to those whom + it may <i>not</i> concern, I must add an explanation by the attorney in + the suit, who has obligingly placed the learned serjeant's notes at my + disposal. This gentleman says: "These notes are in the margin of a brief + held by the serjeant as leading counsel in an action of ejectment brought + against a person named Rock, in 1842. In converting into rhyme the + evidence of the witness Hopkins, as set out in the brief, he has adhered + strictly to the statements, whilst he has at the same time seized the + prominent points of the testimony as supporting the case."</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>John Hopkins will identify the spot,</p> + <p>Unless his early sports are quite forgot,</p> + <p>And from his youngest recollection show</p> + <p>The house fell down some forty years ago.</p> + <p>And then—a case of adverse claim to meet,</p> + <p>Show how the land lay open to the street;</p> + <p>And there the children held their harmless rambles,</p> + <p>Till Robert Woolwich built his odious shambles,</p> + <p>And never did the playmates fear a shock,</p> + <p>From anything so hateful as a <i>Rock</i>.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Perhaps the above may elicit from other quarters similar + contributions; indeed, any memorial of the friend of Charles Lamb must be + precious to the Muse.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. J. Buckton.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Lichfield.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>THE SCREW PROPELLER.</h3> + + <p>In 1781, when the steam engine, only recently improved by Watt, was + merely applied to the more obvious purposes of mine drainage and the + like, Darwin, in his <i>Botanic Garden</i>, wrote—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Soon shall thy arm, unconquer'd Steam! afar</p> + <p>Drag the slow barge, or drive the rapid car."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>And in an appended note prophecies that the new agent might "in time + be applied to the rowing of barges, and the moving of carriages along the + road." The ingenious chronicler of the "loves of the plants," however, + was in no doubt, when he wrote, aware of the experiments of D'Auxiron, + Perier, and De Jouffroy; those prosecuted at Dalswinton and in America + were some years later, about 1787-8 I think. But in another and less + widely known poem by the same author, the <i>Temple of Nature</i>, + published in 1802, there occurs a very complete anticipation of one of + the most important applications of science to navigation, which may prove + as novel and striking to some of your readers as it did to me. It is, + indeed, a remarkable instance of scientific prevision. In a note to line + 373, canto ii. of the poem, the author sets out with, "The progressive + motion of fish beneath the water is produced principally by the + undulation of their tails;" and after giving the <i>rationale</i> of the + process, he goes on to say that "this power seems to be better adapted to + push forward a body in the water than the oars of boats;" concluding with + the query, "Might not some machinery resembling the tails of fish be + placed behind a boat so as to be moved with greater effect than common + oars, by the force of wind or steam?"</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Anon.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>ANCIENT CHATTEL-PROPERTY IN IRELAND.</h3> + + <p>The Memoranda Roll of the Exchequer, 4 & 5 Edward II., membrane + 14., contains a list of the chattel-property of Richard de Fering, + Archbishop of Dublin, which had been sold by Master Walter de Istelep, + the custos of said See, for the sum of 112<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> + 9¾<i>d.</i> sterling, consisting, amongst other things, of—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>iij affr', price xij<i>s.</i></p> + <p>xiij bobus, iiij<i>li</i>. v<i>s.</i></p> + <p>xlvij acr' warrectan' & rebinand' ibidem, lxx<i>s.</i> vj<i>d.</i></p> + <p>ij carucis cum apparatu, iiij<i>s.</i></p> + <p>v crannoc' frumenti ad semen & liberationes famulorum ibidem sibi venditis per predictum custodem, xxij<i>s.</i> vj<i>d.</i></p> + <p>xj crannoc', iij bussellis aven', xxxix<i>s.</i> iij<i>d.</i></p> + <p>iij carucis cum apparatu, vj<i>s.</i></p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The chattel-property of Sir James Delahyde is set forth upon the + Memoranda Roll 3 & 4 Rich. II., mem. 3. <i>dorso</i>, and is as + follows:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Unu' collobiu' de rubio scarleto duplucat' cū panno rubio, unu' + collobiu' duplex de sanguineto et Bukhorn', unu' collobiū duplex, + de sanguineto et nigro, unu' gip' de serico auro int'text furrat' + cū menivero, unu' gyp' de rubio et nigro furrat' cu' calibir', unu' + gyp' furrat cu' grys, unu' paltok' de nigro serico, unu' paltok de nigro + panno, unu' paltok' de nigro Bustian, duo cap'icia, una' pec' de rubio + Wyrset, unam pec' de nigro Wyrset, una' pec' panni linei vocat' + Westenale, quinq; pec' Aule pro camera & Aula, tres curtynis cū + uno celuro de rubio Wyrset, quinq; mappas, duas pelves cū lavatorio + & quatuor p'ia secular'."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Upon the attainder of William Fytzhenry of Dublin, "Capytayn," in the + reign of Edward VI., it was found by inquisition that he had "unum + torquem aureum ponder' septem uncias dī," put in pledge for + 20<i>l.</i>, and worth 22<i>l.</i> sterling. In this reign "quinque vasa + vocat' fyrkyns de prunis" each worth 6<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i>; a firkin of + wine, 5<i>s.</i>, "a fyrkyn de aceto," 6<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i>; "quinque + tycks", worth 11<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i> each; and "duas duodenas + cultellorum," worth 4<i>s.</i>, <!-- Page 395 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page395"></a>{395}</span>were brought to Dublin from St. Mallow in + Brittany. In this reign also 200 "grossos arbores," near Drogheda, were + valued at 16<i>l.</i>; 18 "porcos" were worth 40<i>s.</i>; 3 "modios + frumenti" worth 20<i>s.</i>; and 5 "lagenas butteri," 20<i>s.</i> During + this reign a sum of 300<i>l.</i> was paid out of the Treasury to Sir + William Seyntloo, for the purpose of fortifying, &c. the Castle of + Dyngham, called "The Governor of Offayley," of which sum he paid to + Matthew Lynete, the Clerk of the Ordnance,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>For the hire of 4 carts from Dublin to the forte, 28th December, + 71<i>s.</i> 1½<i>d.</i> ster.</p> + + <p>3 other carts from Dublin to the sayd forte, 27th March, 2 Edw. VI., + 40<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>The carters that came from Dublin to the forte, 15th January and 19th + April, 2 Edw. VI., for the hire of 4 cartes by the space of 6 dayes, + 53<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In the 6 Edward VI. the goods of Thomas Rothe of Kilkenny, merchant, + which were seized by a searcher at Waterford, consisted of "30 pecias + auri vocat' Crussades," and "un' wegge argenti ponderant' xvj uncias + argenti precij cujuslibet uncie, 4<i>s.</i>"</p> + + <p>In the same year the property of Andrew Tyrrell, a merchant of Athboy, + consisted of—</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Circulation figures." title="Circulation figures."> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Unam fardellam sive paccam, containing </td><td class="nspcsingle"> <i>Sterling.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> unam peciam de lychefeldkerfeys, price </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 36<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Unam peciam de greneclothe </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 4<i>l.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Di' duoden' pellium vocat' red leese </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 3<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> 2 duoden' de orphell skynnes </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 8<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> 6 duoden' de Rosell gyrdels </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 12<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Sex libr' de Brymstone </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 2<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> 3 dudoen' de playng cardes </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 10<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Un' gross' de fyne knyves </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 48<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> 26 libr' cerici voc' sylke </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 8<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Un' gross' de red poynts </td><td class="nspcsingle"> [104<i>s.</i> or 4<i>s.</i>]</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Un' duoden' de pennars </td><td class="nspcsingle"> [102<i>s.</i> or 2<i>s.</i>]</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Sex libr' de bykeres </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 102<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> 1000 pynnes </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 20<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Sex rubeas crumenas </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 2<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Un' bagam de droggs </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 4<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Un' burden' de stele </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 3<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Sex boxes de comfetts </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 12<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> 6 duoden' de lokyng glasses </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 18<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Un' bolte de threde </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 2<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Duas fyrkins de soketts </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 5<i>s.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Duas duoden' de combes </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 12<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> 2 lb. of packethrede </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 6<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> 1 doz. of great bells </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 16<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> One payre of ballaunce </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 8<i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> One piece of red cloth </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 4<i>l.</i></td></tr> +</table> + + <p>In Queen Mary's time, in Ireland, a yard of black velvet was valued at + 20<i>s.</i> sterling; a yard of purple-coloured damask, at 13<i>s.</i> + 4<i>d.</i> sterling; and a yard of tawny-coloured damask, at 10<i>s.</i> + sterling.</p> + + <p>The foregoing have been taken from the ancient records of the Irish + Exchequer.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James F. Ferguson.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Dublin.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>BISHOP ATTERBURY.</h3> + + <p>I have observed in some former Numbers of "N. & Q.," that an + interest has been manifested in regard to the writings, and especially to + the letters, of this prelate. It may therefore be interesting to your + readers to be informed, that an original painting, and perhaps the only + one, of the Bishop, is preserved at Trelawny House in Cornwall; and from + its close resemblance to the engraved portrait which is found in his + works, I have no doubt it is that from which that likeness was taken. + There are also several letters in the handwriting of Bishop Atterbury + among the documents preserved in the collection at that ancient mansion. + That this portrait and the letters should be preserved at Trelawny, is + explained by the fact, that before his elevation to the episcopal bench, + Dr. Atterbury was chaplain to Bishop Trelawny.</p> + + <p class="author">J. C.</p> + + <p>Lines by Bishop Atterbury on Mr. Harley being stabbed by Guiscard:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Devotum ut cordi sensit sub pectore ferrum,</p> + <p class="i1">Immoto Harlæus saucius ore stetit.</p> + <p>Dum tamen huic læta gratatur voce senatus,</p> + <p class="i1">Confusus subito pallor in ore sedet.</p> + <p>O pudor! O virtus! partes quam dignus utrasque</p> + <p class="i1">Sustinuit, vultu dispare, laude pari."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>I found these lines written on the back of an odd volume of + Atterbury's <i>Sermons</i>. Most likely they have already appeared in + print.</p> + + <p class="author">E. H. A.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Notes.</h2> + + <p>"<i>Milton Blind.</i>"—A little poem bearing this title, and + commencing,—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Though I am old and blind,"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>is said to have been included in an edition of the poet's works + recently published at Oxford. It was written by Miss Lloyd, a lady of + this city, a short time ago.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Uneda.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + + <p><i>Hydropathy.</i>—For a long time, I believe in common with + many others, I have imagined that the water cure is of late origin, and + that we are indebted for it to Germany, to which we look for all novel + quackeries (good and bad) in medicine and theology. This belief was put + to flight a short time ago by a pamphlet which I discovered among others + rare and curious. It is entitled <i>Curiosities of Common Water, or the + Advantages thereof in preventing and curing many Distempers</i>. The + price of the pamphlet was one shilling, and the author rejoices in the + name of John Smith. After his name follows a motto, the doctrine of which + it <!-- Page 396 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page396"></a>{396}</span>is the duty of all licensed to kill + according to law strenuously to protest against both by argument and + practice:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"That's the best physick which doth cure our ills</p> + <p>Without the charge of pothecaries pills."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author">E. W. J.</p> + + <p class="address">Crawley.</p> + + <p><i>Cassie.</i>—<span class="sc">Mr. M. A. Lower</span> (a + correspondent of "N. & Q."), in his <i>Essays on English Surnames</i> + (see vol. ii. p. 63.), quotes from a brochure on Scottish family names. + He seems, from a footnote, to be in difficulty about the word + <i>cassie.</i> May I suggest to him that it is a corruption of + "causeway?"</p> + + <p>The "causeway" is, in Scotch towns, an usual name for a particular + street; and of a man's surname, his place of residence is a most common + source of derivation.</p> + + <p class="author">W. T. M.</p> + + <p><i>The Duke of Wellington.</i>—Lord de Grey, in his + <i>Characteristics of the Duke of Wellington</i>, pp. 171, 172., gives + the following extract from the despatches published by Colonel Gurwood, + and refers to vol. viii. p. 292.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"It would undoubtedly be better if <i>language</i> of this description + were never used, and if officers placed as you were could correct errors + and neglect in <i>language, which should not hurt the feelings</i> of the + person addressed, and without vehemence."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Compare this passage with the following advice which Don Quixote gives + to Sancho Panza before he sets off to take possession of his + government:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Al che has de castigar con obras, no trates mal con palabras, pues le + basta al desdichado la pena del suplicio sin la anadidura de las malas + rezones."—Part II. ch. xlii.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>See translation of <i>Don Quixote</i> by Jarvis, vol. iv. b. <span + class="scac">III.</span> ch. x. p. 76.<a name="footnotetag1" + href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a></p> + + <p>The very depreciatory terms in which the Emperor Napoleon used to + speak of the Duke of Wellington as a general is well known. The following + extract from Forsyth's <i>Napoleon at St. Helena and Sir Hudson Lowe</i>, + appears to me worthy of being brought under the notice of the readers of + "N. & Q.:"</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"After the governor had left the house (upon the death of Napoleon he + had gone to the house of the deceased with Major Gorrequer to make an + inventory of and seal up his papers), Count Montholon called back Major + Gorrequer to ask him a question, and he mentioned that he had been + searching for a paper dictated to him by Napoleon a long time previously, + and which he was sorry he could not find, as it was a <i>eulogium on the + Duke of Wellington</i>, in which Napoleon had spoken in the highest terms + of praise of the military conduct of the Duke."—See vol. iii. p. + 299.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. W. Farrer.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a + href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p>Jarvis translates the passage in <i>Don Quixote</i>,—"Him you + are to punish with deeds, do no evil; intreat with words, for the pain of + the punishment is enough for the wretch to bear, without the addition of + ill-language."</p> + +</div> + <p><i>Romford Jury.</i>—The following entry appears on the court + register of the Romford Petty Sessions (in Havering Liberty) for the year + 1730, relating to the trial of two men charged with an assault on Andrew + Palmer. As a curious illustration of the manner in which justice was + administered in country parts in "the good old times," I think it may be + interesting to the readers of "N. & Q."</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The jury could not for several hours agree on their verdict, seven + being inclinable to find the defendants guilty, and the others not + guilty. It was therefore proposed by the foreman to put twelve shillings + in a hat, and hustle most heads or tails, whether guilty or not guilty. + The defendants, therefore, were acquitted, the chance happening in favour + of not guilty."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">E. J. Sage.</span></p> + + <p><i>Edward Law (Lord Ellenborough), Chief Justice.</i>—J. M.'s + quotation of the song in the <i>Supplement to the Court of Sessions + Garland</i> (Vol. ix., p. 221.), reminds me of the lines on Mr. Law's + being made Chief Justice:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"What signifies now, quirk, quibble, or flaw,</p> + <p>Since <i>Law</i> is made <i>Justice</i>, seek justice from <i>Law</i>."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Collyns.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Drewsteignton.</p> + + <p><i>Chamisso.</i>—Chamisso, in his poem of "The Three Sisters," + who, crushed with misery, contended that each had the hardest lot, has + this fine passage by the last speaker:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"In one brief sentence all my bitter cause</p> + <p>Of sorrow dwells—thou arbiter! oh, pause</p> + <p class="i1">Ere yet thy final judgment thou assign,</p> + <p>And learn my better right—too clearly proved.</p> + <p>Four words comprise it—I was never loved:</p> + <p class="i1">The palm of grief thou wilt allow is mine."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>"He knew humanity—there can be no grief like that grief. Death + had bereaved one sister of her lover—the second mourned over her + fallen idol's shame—the third exultingly says,—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg1">'Have they not lived and loved?'"</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The above is written in a beautiful Italian female hand on the + fly-leaf-of the <i>Basia</i>, 1775.</p> + + <p class="author">E. D.</p> + + <p><i>Dates of Maps.</i>—It is very much to be wished that + map-makers would always affix to their maps the date of their execution; + the want of this in the maps of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful + Knowledge has often been an annoyance to me, for it frequently happens + that one or both of two maps including the same district are without + date, <!-- Page 397 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page397"></a>{397}</span>and when they differ in some of the minor + details, it requires some time and trouble to find, from other sources, + which is the most modern, and therefore likely to be the most + accurate.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. S. Warden.</span></p> + + <p><i>Walton.</i>—The following cotemporary notice of the decease + and character of honest Isaac's son, is from a MS. Diary of the Rev. John + Lewis, Rector of Chalfield and Curate of Tilbury:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"1719, Dec. 29. Mr. Canon Walton of Polshott died at Salisbury; he was + one of the members of the clergy club that meets at Melksham, and a very + pious, sober, learned, inoffensive, charitable, good man."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">E. D.</p> + + <p><i>Whittington's Stone on Highgate Hill.</i>—It is well that + there is a "N. & Q." to record the removal and disappearance of noted + objects and relics of antiquity, as one after another disappears before + the destroying hand of Time, and more ruthless and relentless spirit of + enterprise. I have to ask you on the present occasion to record the + removal of Whittington's stone on Highgate Hill. I discovered it as I + strolled up the hill a few days since. I was informed that it was removed + about a fortnight since, and a public-house is now being built where it + stood.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Tee Bee.</span></p> + + <p><i>Turkey and France.</i>—The following fact, taken from the + foreign correspondence of <i>The Times</i>, may suitably seek perpetuity + in a corner of "N. & Q."</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I wish to mention a curious fact connected with the port of Toulon, + and with the long existing relations between France and Turkey, and which + I have not seen mentioned, although it is recorded in the municipal + archives of this town. In the year 1543, the sultan, Selim II., at the + request of the King of France, sent a large army and fleet to his + assistance, under the command of the celebrated Turkish admiral + Barbarossa, who, according to the record, was the grandson of a French + renegade. This army and fleet occupied the town and port of Toulon at the + express wish of Francis I., from the end of September 1543, to the end of + March 1544. And on this day, the last of March 1854, a French army and + fleet has sailed from the same port of Toulon to succour the descendant + of the Sultan Selim in his distress. What a remarkable example of the + rise and fall of empires!"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>It will not invalidate the force of the foregoing extract to state, + that Selim II. did not become sultan until 1566, and that it must have + been his father Suleyman (whom he succeeded) who came to the rescue of + France in 1543. The same Turkish fleet was afterwards nearly annihilated + by the Venetians in 1571, at the battle of Lepanto.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Geo. Dymond.</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Queries.</h2> + +<h3>A FEMALE AIDE-MAJOR.</h3> + + <p>The following is an extract from the letter of the French general, + Custine, to the National Convention, June 14, 1793:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"My morality is attacked; it is found out that I have a <i>woman</i> + for my aide-de-camp. Without pretending to be a Joseph, I know too well + how to respect myself, and the laws of public decency, ever to render + myself guilty of such an absurdity. I found in the army a woman under the + uniform of a volunteer bombardier, who, in fulfilling that duty at the + siege of Liege, had received a musket-ball in the leg. She presented + herself to the National Convention, desired to continue her military + service, and was admitted to the honours of the sitting. She was + afterwards sent by you, Representatives, to the Minister of War, who gave + her the rank of aide-major to the army. On my arrival here, the + representatives of the people, commissioners with this army, had + dismissed her. Her grief was extreme; and the phrenzy of her imagination, + and her love for glory, would have carried her to the last extremity. I + solicited the representatives of the people to leave her that rank which + her merit and wounds had procured her; and they consented to it. This is + the truth. She is not my aide-de-camp, but <i>attached to the staff as + aide-major</i>. Since that time I have never had any public or private + conversation with her."—From the <i>Political State of Europe</i>, + 1793, p. 164.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Can any of your readers furnish me with the name and history of this + French heroine?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p>"<i>Chintz Gowns.</i>"—Tuesday, Jan. 9, 1768:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Two ladies were convicted before the Lord Mayor, in the penalty of + 5<i>l.</i>, for wearing chintz gowns."—<i>Gentleman's Magazine</i>, + vol. xxxviii. p. 395.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Can any other instances be given?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Investigator.</span></p> + + <p>"<i>Noctes Ambrosianæ.</i>"—Can any one inform me why the + celebrated "Noctes Ambrosianæ" of Blackwood's <i>Magazine</i> has never + been printed in a separate form in this country (I understand it has been + so in America)? I should think few republications would meet with a + larger sale.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">S. Wmson.</span></p> + + <p><i>B. Simmons.</i>—Will you permit me to ask for a little + information respecting B. Simmons? I believe he was born in the county of + Cork: for he has sung, in most bewitching strains, his return to his + native home on the banks of the Funcheon. He was the writer of that great + poem on the "Disinterment of Napoleon," which appeared in + <i>Blackwood</i> some years ago. He was a regular <!-- Page 398 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page398"></a>{398}</span>poetical contributor to + its pages for many years. He held a situation in the Excise Office in + London, and died there I believe in July, 1852.</p> + + <p>What manner of man was he; young or old, married or single? Any + information respecting such a child of genius and of song must be + interesting to those who have ever read a line of his wondrous poems. To + what other periodicals did he contribute?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Ith.</span></p> + + <p><i>Green Stockings.</i>—Is the custom of sending a pair of green + stockings to the eldest unmarried daughter of a family, upon the occasion + of the marriage of a younger sister, of English, Irish, or Scottish + origin?</p> + + <p class="author">L. A.</p> + + <p><i>Nicholas Kieten.</i>—In the thirteenth century, "there was a + giant in Holland named Nicholas Kieten, whose size was so prodigious, + that he carried men under his arms like little children. His shoe was so + large, that four men together could put their feet in it. Children were + too terrified to look him in the face, and fled from his presence." So + says our author; but he does not give the dimensions of Kieten. May not + such a real giant, in the thirteenth century, have laid the foundation of + the fabulous stories of giants that have for so many years been the + favourite romances of the nursery? Kieten appears to be the type of the + giants of our modern pantomimes. Will he serve as a key, to disclose the + origin of these marvellous stories and captivating absurdities?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Timon.</span></p> + + <p><i>Warwickshire Badge.</i>—Will you permit me to ask, through + your journal, if any of your readers can inform me whether the proper + Warwickshire badge is "the antelope" or "the bear and ragged staff?" The + former is borne by the 6th regiment of the line, they being the Royal + First Warwickshire. The latter is borne by the 36th regiment of militia, + they being the First Warwickshire. This latter badge is also borne by the + retainers of the Earls of Warwick and Leicester; which latter county + would seem to lay as much claim to the bear and ragged staff as Warwick + does.</p> + + <p>The county cannot well have both, or either; this makes me think that + the bear and ragged staff is not a <i>county</i> badge, but pertains more + properly to the Earl of Warwick.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Antiquary.</span></p> + + <p><i>Armorial.</i>—Will any correspondent oblige me with the names + to the following coats: 1. Arg., three hares (or conies) gu. 2. Arg., on + a bend engrailed vert, between two bucks' heads cabossed sable, attired + or, three besants; a canton erminois. 3. Quarterly, per fesse indented + sable and or. 4. Per pale sable and or, a cheveron between three escallop + shells, all counterchanged. 5. Gu., a lion rampant arg. Glover's + <i>Ordinary of Arms</i> would, I think, answer the above Query; and if + any of your <i>numerous</i> readers, who possess that valuable work, + would refer to it in this case, they would be conferring a favour on your + constant subscriber,</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cid.</span></p> + + <p>Would any correspondent help me to the solution of the following + case?—A. was the <i>last</i> and <i>only</i> representative of an + ancient family; he left at his decease, some years ago, a daughter and + heiress who married B. Can the issue of B. (having no arms of their own) + <i>legally</i> use the arms, quarterings, crest, and motto of A., without + a license from the Heralds' College?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cid.</span></p> + + <p><i>Lord Brougham and Horne Tooke.</i>—In Lord Brougham's + <i>Statesmen of the Time of George III.</i>, he says of Mr. Horne + Tooke:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Thus he (H. T.) would hold that the law of libel was unjust and + absurd, because <i>libel</i> means a little book."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Can any of the readers of "N. & Q." say on what occasion Tooke + maintained this strange doctrine, or where his Lordship obtained his + information that Tooke did maintain it?</p> + + <p class="author">Q.</p> + + <p class="address">Bloomsbury.</p> + + <p><i>Rileys of Forest Hill.</i>—Can any of your correspondents + inform me relative to the arms and motto of the Rileys of (Forest Hill) + Windsor, Berks, their descent, &c.?</p> + + <p class="author">J. M. R.</p> + + <p><i>Fish "Lavidian."</i>—In some ancient acts of parliament + mention is made of a fish called "lavidian," and from the regulations + made concerning it, it appears to have been of such small size as to be + capable of being caught in the meshes of an ordinary net. But I cannot + find that this name is contained in any of the books of natural history, + written by such authors as Gesner or Rondeletius. Is it at this time a + common name anywhere? Or can any of your readers assist in determining + the species?</p> + + <p class="author">J. C.</p> + + <p>"<i>Poeta nascitur, non fit.</i>"—Can any of your correspondents + inform me who is the author of the well-known saying—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Poeta nascitur, non fit"?</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I have more than once seen it quoted as from Horace, but I have never + been able to find it in any classical author whose works I have examined. + Cicero expresses a similar sentiment in his oration for the poet Archias, + cap. viii.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Atqui sic a summis hominibus eruditissimisque accepimus, ceterarum + rerum studia, et doctrina, et præceptis, et arte constare: poëtam natura + ipsa valere, et mentis viribus excitari, et quasi divino quodam spiritu + inflari."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">J. P.</p> + + <p class="address">Boston, U.S.A.</p> + +<p><!-- Page 399 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page399"></a>{399}</span></p> + + <p><i>John Wesley and the Duke of Wellington.</i>—It has always + been understood that the property bequeathed to the Colleys, who in + consequence took the surname of Wesley, afterwards altered to Wellesley, + was offered to and declined by the father of John Wesley, who would not + allow his son to accept the condition, a residence in Ireland, and the + being adopted by the legatee. Has there been a relationship ever proved + between the founder of the Methodists and the victor of Waterloo?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Prestoniensis.</span></p> + + <p><i>Haviland</i>—Can any of your Plymouth correspondents give any + information, as tombs, in memory of persons of the name of Haviland, + Havilland, or De Havilland, existing in the churches of that place, of a + date prior to <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1688? Mention is made of + such tombs as existing in a letter of that date in my possession. Also, + in what chronicle or history of the Conquest of England, mention is made + of a Sieur de Havilland, as having accompanied Duke William from Normandy + on that occasion?</p> + + <p class="author">D. F. T.</p> + + <p><i>Byron.</i>—Will you kindly inform me, through the medium of + your "N. & Q.," whence the line "All went merry as a marriage bell" + (in Byron's <i>Childe Harold</i>) is derived?</p> + + <p class="author">C. B.</p> + + <p>"<i>Rutabaga.</i>"—What is the etymology of the word + <i>rutabaga</i>? I have heard one solution of it, but wish to ascertain + whether there is any other. The word is extensively used in the United + States for Swedish turnips or "Swedes."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Luccus.</span></p> + + <p><i>A Medal.</i>—A family in this city possesses a silver medal + granted to Joseph Swift, a native of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, by the + University of Oxford or of Cambridge, of which the following is a + description. It is about two inches in diameter; on the face are the head + and bust of Queen Anne in profile, with an inscription setting forth her + royal title, and on the reverse a full-length figure of Britannia, with + ships sailing and men ploughing in the background, and this motto, + "Compositis venerantur Annis." The date is <span + class="scac">MDCCXIII</span>. An explanation of the object of the medal + is desired.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Oldbuck.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + + <p><i>The Black Cap.</i>—Can any of your antiquarian legal readers + inform me of the origin of the custom of the judges putting on a black + cap when pronouncing sentence of death upon a criminal? I can find no + illustration of this peculiar custom in Blackstone, Stephens, or other + constitutional writers.</p> + + <p class="author">F. J. G.</p> + + <p><i>The Aboriginal Britons.</i>—A friend of mine wants some + information as to the history, condition, manners, &c. of the + Britons, prior to the arrival of the Romans. What work, accessible to + ordinary readers, supplies the best compendium of what is known on this + subject? The fullest account of which I have, just now, any recollection, + is contained in Milton's <i>History of England</i>, included in an + edition of Milton's <i>Prose Works</i>, three vols. folio, Amsterdam, + 1694. Is Milton's <i>History</i> a work of any merit or authority?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. Martin.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Halifax.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries with Answers.</h2> + + <p>"<i>Gossip.</i>"—This word, in its obsolete sense, according no + doubt to its Saxon origin, means a sponsor, one who answers for a child + in baptism, a godfather. Its modern acceptation all know to be widely + different. Can any of your correspondents quote a passage or two from old + English authors, wherein its obsolete sense is preserved?</p> + + <p class="author">N. L. J.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The word occurs in Chaucer, <i>The Wyf of Bathes Prologue</i>, v. + 5825.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"And if I have a <i>gossib</i>, or a friend,</p> + <p>(Withouten gilt) thou chidest as a frend,</p> + <p>If that I walke or play into his hous."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>And in Spenser, <i>Faerie Queene</i>, b. i. c. 12.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"One mother, when as her foole-hardy child</p> + <p class="i1">Did come too neare, and with his talons play,</p> + <p>Halfe dead through feare, her little babe reuil'd,</p> + <p class="i1">And to her <i>gossips</i> gan in counsell say."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Master Richard Verstegan is more to the point:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Our Christian ancestors, understanding a spiritual affinity to grow + between the parents and such as undertooke for the child at baptisme, + called each other by the name of <i>Godsib</i>, which is as much as to + say, that they were <i>sib</i> together, that is, <i>of kin</i> together + through God. And the child, in like manner, called such his God-fathers, + or God-mothers."—<i>Restitution of Decayed Intelligence</i>, ch. + vii.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>A quotation or two from that delightful old <i>gossip</i>, Mr. Pepys, + will show its use in the middle of the seventeenth century:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Lord's Day. With my wife to church. At noon dined nobly, ourselves + alone. After dinner, my wife and Mercer by coach to Greenwich, to be + <i>gossip</i> to Mrs. Daniel's child. My wife much pleased with the + reception she had, and she was godmother, and did hold the child at the + font, and it is called John."—<i>Diary</i>, May 20, 1666.</p> + + <p>"Lord's Day. My wife and I to Mr. Martin's, where I find the company + almost all come to the christening of Mrs. Martin's child, a girl. After + sitting long, till the church was done, the parson comes, and then we to + christen the child. I was godfather, and Mrs. Holder (her husband, a good + man, I know well) and a pretty lady that waits, it seems, on my Lady Bath + at Whitehall, her name Mrs. Noble, were godmothers. After the christening + comes in the wine <!-- Page 400 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page400"></a>{400}</span>and sweetmeats, and then to prate and + tattle, and then very good company they were, and I among them. Here was + Mrs. Burroughs and Mrs. Bales (the young widow whom I led home); and + having staid till the moon was up, I took my pretty <i>gossip</i> to + Whitehall with us, and I saw her in her lodging."—<i>Ibid.</i>, + Dec. 2, 1666.]</p> + +</blockquote> + +</div> + + <p><i>Humphry Repton.</i>—To snatch from utter oblivion the once + highly reputed Humphry, the king of landscape gardeners, to whom many of + our baronial parks owe much of their picturesque beauty, and who, by the + side of Sir Joseph Paxton, would now most duly have taken knightful + station in these go-ahead days, I ask, in what publication was it, that + in 1780, or thereabouts, being an indefatigable attendant at all + exhibitions and sales of art, he, the said Humphry, was accustomed (as + well able he was) to enlighten the public upon what was passing in + matters of art now nearly three quarters of a century ago? Was it the + <i>Bee</i>? Again, did he not, at his death, leave two large volumes for + publication, entitled <i>Recollections of my Past Life</i>? Where are + these?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Inquest.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The MS. collection of the late Humphry Repton, containing interesting + details of his public and private life, has been used by Mr. Loudon in + his biographical notice of Repton prefixed to the last edition of <i>The + Landscape Gardening</i>, 8vo., 1840. Mr. Loudon states that 'these papers + were left as a valued memorial for his children: it may be imagined, + therefore, that they contain details of a private nature, which would be + found devoid of interest to the world. Mr. Repton, indeed, possessed a + mind as keenly alive to the ludicrous, as it was open to all that was + excellent, in the variety of characters with whom his extensive + professional connexions brought him acquainted; and he did not fail to + observe and note down many curious circumstances and traits of character, + in themselves highly amusing, but, for obvious reasons, unfit subjects + for publication. Not one taint of satire or ill-nature, however, ever + sullied the wit which flowed spontaneously from a mind sportive sometimes + even to exuberance." His artistic critiques will be found in the + following works: <i>The Bee</i>: or, a Critique on the Exhibition of + Paintings at Somerset House, 1788, 8vo. <i>Variety</i>: a Collection of + Essays, 1788, 12mo. <i>The Bee</i>: a Critique on the Shakspeare Gallery, + 1789, 8vo. <i>Odd Whims</i>: being a republication of some papers in + Variety, with a Comedy and other Poems, 2 vols. 12mo., 1804.]</p> + +</div> + + <p>"<i>Oriel.</i>"—I should be glad if any of your correspondents + could inform me of the origin of the term <i>oriel</i>, as applied to a + window? It is not, I believe, necessarily to the East.</p> + + <p class="author">T. L. N.</p> + + <p class="address">Jamaica.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[<i>Oriol</i>, or <i>Oriel</i>, is a portico or court; also a small + room near the hall in monasteries, where particular persons dined. + (Blount's <i>Glossog.</i>) Du Cange says, "<i>Oriolum</i>, porticus, + atrium;" and quotes Matthew Paris for it. Supposed by some to be a + diminutive from <i>area</i> or <i>areola</i>. "In modern writings," says + Nares, "we meet with mention of <i>Oriel</i> windows. I doubt the + propriety of the expression; but, if right, they must mean those windows + that project like a porch, or small room. At St. Albans was an + <i>oriel</i>, or apartment for persons not so sick as to retire to the + infirmary. (Fosbroke's <i>Brit. Monachism</i>, vol. ii. p. 160.) I may be + wrong in my notion of <i>oriel</i> window, but I have not met with + ancient authority for that expression. Cowel conjectured that + <i>Oriel</i> College, in Oxford, took its name from some such room or + portico. There is a remarkable portico, in the farther side of the first + quadrangle, but not old enough to have given the name. It might, however, + be only the successor of one more ancient, and more exactly an + <i>oriel</i>." For articles on the disputed derivation of this term, + which seems involved in obscurity, see Parker's <i>Glossary of + Architecture</i>; a curious paper by Mr. Hamper, in <i>Archæologia</i>, + vol. xxiii.; and <i>Gentleman's Magazine</i> for Nov. 1823, p. 424., and + March, 1824, p. 229.]</p> + +</div> + + <p>"<i>Orchard.</i>"—Professor Martyn, in his Notes on Virgil's + <i>Georgics</i>, seems to be of opinion that the English word "orchard" + is derived from the Greek <span title="orchatos" class="grk" + >ορχατος</span>, which Homer + uses to express the garden of Alcinous; and he observes that Milton + writes it <i>orchat</i>, thereby corroborating this impression. Is the + word spelt according to Milton's form by any other writers?</p> + + <p class="author">N. L. J.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[It is spelt <i>orchat</i> by J. Philips, <i>Cider</i>, book i.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i6">——"Else false hopes</p> + <p>He cherishes, nor will his fruit expect</p> + <p>Th' autumnal season, but in summer's pride,</p> + <p>When other orchats smile, abortive fail."]</p> + </div> + </div> + +</div> + + <p>"<i>Peckwater.</i>"—Why is the quadrangle at Christ Church, in + Oxford, called "Peckwater?"</p> + + <p class="author">N. L. J.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The Peckwater Quadrangle derives its name from an ancient hostle, or + inn, which stood on the south-west corner of the present court; and was + the property of Ralph, the son of Richard Peckwater, who gave it to St. + Frideswide's Priory, 30th Henry III.; and about the middle of the reign + of Henry VIII., another inn, called Vine Hall, was added to it; which, + with other buildings, were reduced into a quadrangle in the time of Dean + Duppa and Dr. Samuel Fell. The two inns were afterwards known by the name + of Vine Hall, or Peckwater's Inn; and by this name were given to Christ + Church, in 1547, by Henry VIII.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Richard III.</i>—What became of the body after the battle of + Bosworth Field? Was it buried at Leicester?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">A. Briton.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Athenæum.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[After the battle of Bosworth Field, the body of Richard III. was + stript, laid across a horse behind a pursuivant-at-arms, and conducted to + Leicester, where, after it had been exposed for two days, it was buried + with little ceremony in the church of the Grey Friars. In Burton's MS. of + the History of Leicester, we read that, "within the town was a house of + Franciscan or Grey Friars, built by Simon Montfort, Earl of <!-- Page 401 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page401"></a>{401}</span>Leicester, + whither (after Bosworth Field) the dead body of Richard III., naked, + trussed behind a pursuivant-at-arms, all dashed with mire and blood, was + there brought and homely buried; where afterward King Henry VII. (out of + royal disposition) erected for him a fair alabaster monument, with his + picture cut out, and made thereon."—Quoted in Nichols's + <i>Leicestershire</i>, vol. i. p. 357.: see also pp. 298. 381.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Binding of old Books.</i>—I shall feel obliged to any of your + readers who will tell me how to polish up the covers of old books when + the leather has got dry and cracked. Bookbinders use some composition + made of glair, or white of egg, which produces a very glossy appearance. + How is it made and used? and how do they polish the leather afterwards? + Is there any little work on book-binding?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cpl.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Take white of an egg, break it with a fork, and, having first cleaned + the leather with dry flannel, apply the egg with a soft sponge. Where the + leather is rubbed or decayed, rub a little paste with the finger into the + parts affected, to fill up the broken grain, otherwise the glair would + sink in and turn it black. To produce a polished surface, a hot iron must + be rubbed over the leather. The following is, however, an easier, if not + a better, method. Purchase some "bookbinders' varnish," which may be had + at any colour shop; clean the leather well, as before; if necessary, use + a little water in doing so, but rub quite dry with a flannel before + varnishing; apply your varnish with wool, lint, or a very soft sponge, + and place to dry.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Vessel of Paper.</i>—When I was at school in the north of + Ireland, not very many years ago, a piece of paper, about the octavo + size, used for writing "exercises," was commonly known amongst us as a + vessel of paper. Can any of your correspondents tell me the origin of the + phrase; and whether it is in use in other localities?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Abhba.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Lemon, in his English <i>Etymology</i>, has the following remarks on + this phrase:—"<i>Vessel of Paper</i>: The etymology of this word + does not at first sight appear very evident; but a derivation has been + lately suggested to me, which seems to carry some probability with it; + viz. that <i>a vessel of paper</i> may have derived its appellation from + <i>fasciculus</i>, or <i>fasciola</i>; quasi <i>vassiola</i>; a vessel, + or small slip of paper; a little winding band, or swathing cloth; a + garter; a <i>fascia</i>, a small narrow binding. The root is undoubtedly + <i>fascis</i>, a bundle, or anything tied up; also, the fillet with which + it is bound."]</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies.</h2> + +<h3>KING JAMES'S IRISH ARMY LIST, 1689.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., pp. 30, 31.)</p> + + <p>My collections are arranged for illustrating, in the manner alluded to + in the above notice, upwards of four hundred families. In Tyrconnel's + <i>Horse</i>, I find a Dominick <i>Sheldon</i>, Lieut.-Colonel. His name + appears in the "Establishment" of 1687-8 for a pension of 200<i>l.</i> + Early in the campaign, he was actively opposed to the revolutionary party + in Down and Antrim; and was afterwards joined in an unsuccessful + negotiation for the surrender of Derry. At the battle of the Boyne he + commanded the cavalry, and in a gallant charge nearly retrieved the day, + but had two horses shot under him. When Tyrconnel left Ireland for + France, to aid the cause of the Stuarts, he selected this colonel as one + of the directory, who were to advise the young Duke of Berwick, to whom + Tyrconnel had committed the command of the Irish army, and who was + afterwards so distinguished in the wars of the brigades abroad. After the + capitulation of Limerick in 1691, Sarsfield, then the beloved commander + of the last adherents of the cause of the royal exile, intrusted to + Colonel Sheldon the care of embarking all who preferred a foreign land to + the new Government; and King James (for, in justice to my subject, I must + still style him <i>King</i>) especially thanked him for his performance + of that duty. When his own regiment was brigaded in France, it was + called, <i>par excellence</i>, "the King's Regiment;" and Dominick + Sheldon, "an Englishman," was gazetted its Colonel. The successes of his + gallant band are recorded, in 1702, at the confluence of the Mincio and + the Po; in 1703, against the Imperialists under Visconti, when he was + wounded; in the army of the Rhine, and at the battle of Spire within the + same year, &c. He appears, throughout his career, an individual of + whom his descendants should be proud; but I cannot discover the house of + this <i>Englishman</i>.</p> + + <p>In the Outlawries of 1691, he is described on one as "of the city of + Dublin," on another, as "of Pennyburn Mill, co. Derry." No other person + of his name appears in my whole <i>Army List</i>; although the "Diary" + preserved in the <i>Harleian Miscellany</i> (old edit., vol. vii. p. + 482.) erroneously suggests a subaltern of his name. In the titular Court + of St. Germains, two of the name of Sheldon were of the Board of Green + Cloth. Dr. Gilbert Sheldon was Archbishop of Canterbury in the middle of + the seventeenth century; and the Sheldons are shown by Burke to be still + an existing family at Brailes House in Warwickshire, previously in + Oxfordshire, and <i>semble</i> in Staffordshire. I have made application + on the subject to Mr. Sheldon of Brailes House, the more confidently as + the Christian name of "Ralph" is frequent in the pedigree of that family, + and Colonel Dominick Sheldon had a brother Ralph; but Mr. Sheldon could + not satisfy me.</p> + + <p>One of the adventurers or soldiers in Cromwell's time, in Ireland, was + a William Sheldon; who, on the Restoration, in the royal policy of that + day, obtained a patent for the lands in Tipperary, which <!-- Page 402 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page402"></a>{402}</span>the usurping + powers had allotted for him by certificate. Could Colonel Dominick have + been his relative?</p> + + <p>I pray information on this subject, and any others connected with the + <i>Army List</i>, with any documentary assistance which, or the + inspection of which, the correspondents of "N. & Q." may afford me; + and such services will be thankfully acknowledged. If I were aided with + such by them, and by the old families of Ireland, the work should be a + gem.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John D'Alton.</span></p> + + <p class="address">48. Summer Hill, Dublin.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>QUOTATIONS WANTED.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ix., pp. 247, 301.)</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The knights are dust,</p> + <p>Their good swords are rust,</p> + <p>Their souls are with the saints, we trust."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>This seems to be an imperfect recollection of the concluding lines of + a short poem by Coleridge, entitled "The Knight's Tomb." (See + <i>Poems</i> of S. T. Coleridge: Moxon, 1852, p. 306.)</p> + + <p>The correct reading is as follows:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The knight's bones are dust,</p> + <p>And his good sword rust;</p> + <p>His soul is with the saints, I trust."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">G. Taylor.</span></p> + + <p>Your correspondent's mutilated version I have seen on a china + match-box, in the shape of a Crusader's tomb.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Mansfield Ingleby.</span></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Of whose omniscient and all-spreading love."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>These lines are also Coleridge's (<i>Poems</i>, &c., p. 30., edit. + 1852). He afterwards added the following note on this passage:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I utterly recant the sentiment contained in the lines—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Of whose omniscient and all-spreading love</p> + <p>Aught to <i>implore</i> were impotence of mind;</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>it being written in Scripture, '<i>Ask</i>, and it shall be given + you!' and my human reason being, moreover, convinced of the propriety of + offering <i>petitions</i>, as well as thanksgivings, to + Deity.—S. T. C., 1797."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">H. G. T.</p> + + <p class="address">Weston-super-Mare.</p> + + <p>The line quoted (p. 247.) as having been applied by Twining to Pope's + <i>Homer</i>, is from <i>Tibullus</i>, iii. 6. 56.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">P. J. F. Gantillon</span></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"A fellow feeling makes us wond'rous kind,"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>is to be found in the epilogue written and spoken by Garrick on + quitting the stage, 1776.<a name="footnotetag2" + href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a></p> + + <p>A parallel passage appears in <i>Troilus and Cressida</i>, Act III. + Sc. 3.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"One touch of nature makes the whole world kin."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Newburiensis.</span></p> + + <p>The following lines, and the accompanying paraphrase, probably those + inquired after by X. Y., are in Davison's <i>Poems, or a Poetical + Rhapsody</i> (p. 50., 4th impression, 1621), where they form the third + "device." I do not know who the writer was.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Quid plumâ lævius? Pulvis. Quid pulvere? Ventus.</p> + <p>Quid vento? Mulier. Quid muliere? Nihil."</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Dust is lighter than a feather,</p> + <p>And the wind more light than either;</p> + <p>But a woman's fickle mind</p> + <p>More than a feather, dust, or wind."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author">F. E. E.</p> + + <p>The lines quoted by L. are the first two (a little altered) in the + opening stanza of a ballad entitled <i>The Berkshire Lady</i>. The + correct version (I speak on the authority of a copy which I procured + nearly thirty years ago in the great ballad-mart of those days, the Seven + Dials) is,—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Bachelors of every station,</p> + <p>Mark this strange but true relation,</p> + <p>Which in brief to you I bring;</p> + <p>Never was a stranger thing."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The ballad is an account of "love at first sight," inspired in the + breast of a young lady, wealthy and beautiful of course, but who, + disdaining such adventitious aids, achieves at the sword's point, and + covered with a mask, her marriage with the object of her passion. It is + much too long, and not of sufficient merit, for insertion in "N. & + Q."</p> + + <p class="author">F. E. E.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a + href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + <p>[See "N. & Q.," Vol. iii., p. 300.]</p> + +</div> +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>OATHS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., no. 364, 605.; Vol. ix., p. 45.)</p> + + <p>I am extremely obliged to your several correspondents who have replied + to my Query.</p> + + <p>I now send you "a remarkable case," which occurred in 1657, and throws + considerable light upon the subject.</p> + + <p>Dr. Owen, Vice-Chancellor of Oxford, being a witness for the plaintiff + in a cause, refused to be sworn in <i>the usual manner, by laying his + right hand upon the book, and by kissing it afterwards</i>; but he caused + the book to be held open before him, and he raised his right hand; + whereupon the jury prayed the direction of the Court whether they ought + to weigh such evidence as strongly as the evidence of another witness. + Glyn, Chief Justice, answered them, that in his opinion he had taken <!-- + Page 403 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page403"></a>{403}</span>as + strong an oath as any other of the witnesses; but he added that, if he + himself were to be sworn, he would lay his right hand upon the book + itself (<i>il voilt deponer sa maine dexter sur le liver mesme</i>). Colt + <i>v.</i> Dutton, 2 Siderfin's <i>R.</i> 6.</p> + + <p>This case shows that the usual practice at the time it was decided + was, not to take the book in the hand, but to lay the hand upon it. Now, + if a person laid his hand upon a book, which rested on anything else, he + most probably would lay his fingers upon it, and, if he afterwards kissed + it, would raise it with his fingers at the top, and his thumb under the + book; and possibly this may account for the practice I mentioned of the + Welsh witnesses, which, like many other usages, may have been once + universally prevalent, but now have generally ceased.</p> + + <p>With regard to kissing the book, so far from assuming that it was + essential, I stated that "in none of these instances does kissing the + book appear to be essential." Indeed, as, "upon the principles of the + common law, there is no particular form essential to an oath to be taken + by a witness; but as the purpose of it is to bind his conscience, every + man of every religion should be bound by that form which he himself + thinks will bind his own conscience most" (per Lord Mansfield, Chief + Justice, Atcheson <i>v.</i> Everitt, Cowper's <i>R.</i> 389.), the form + of the oath will vary according to the particular opinion of the + witness.</p> + + <p>Lord Mansfield, in the case just mentioned, referred to the case in + Siderfin, and stated that "the Christian oath was settled in very ancient + times;" and it may, perhaps, be inferred that he meant that it was so + settled in the form there mentioned; but, as he inaccurately translates + the words I have given thus, "If I were sworn, <i>I would kiss the + book</i>," it may be doubtful whether he did not consider kissing the + book as a part of the form of the oath so settled.</p> + + <p>I cannot assent to the opinion of Paley, that the term + <i>corporal</i>, as applied to oath, was derived from the + corporale—the square piece of linen on which the chalice and host + were placed. The term doubtless was adopted, in order to distinguish some + oaths from others; and it would be very strange if it had become the + invariable practice to apply it to all that large class of oaths, in + every civil and criminal tribunal, to which it did not apply; and when it + is remembered that in indictments (which have ever been construed with + the strictest regard to the truth of the statements contained in them) + this term has always been used where the book has been touched, and where + the use of the term, if incorrect, would inevitably have led to an + acquittal, no one I think can doubt that Paley is in error.</p> + + <p>In addition to the authorities I before referred to, I may mention + that Puffendorff clearly uses the term in the sense I attributed to it; + and so does Mr. Barbeyrac, in his note to "corporal oath," as used by + Puffendorff, where he says: "Juramentum corporale, or, as it is called in + the code, juramentum <i>corporaliter</i> præstitum;" and then refers to a + rescript of Alexander, where the terms used are "jurejurando + <i>corporaliter</i> præstito." (Puffendorff, <i>Law of Nature and + Nations</i>, lib. iv. ss. 11. and 16., pp. 345. and 350.: London, 1729.) + And it seems very probable that the term came to us from the Romans; and + as it appears from the books, referred to in the notes to s. 16., that + there were some instances in which an oath had been taken by proxy, it + may, perhaps, be that the term <i>corporal</i> was originally used to + distinguish such oaths as were taken by the party himself from such as + were taken by proxy.</p> + + <p>The word corporale plainly is the "<i>corporale</i> Linteum," on which + the sacred elements were placed, and by which they were covered; and no + doubt were so used, because it covered or touched what was considered to + be the very body of our blessed Lord. In fact, the term is the same, + whether it be applied to oath or cloth; and when used with oath, it is + used in the same sense as our immortal bard uses it in "corporal + suffering" and "corporal toil."</p> + + <p class="author">S. G. C.</p> + + <p>As the various forms in which oaths have been administered and taken + is a question not altogether devoid of interest, I would wish to add a + few words to what I have already written upon this subject. The earliest + notice of this ceremony is probably that which is to be found in Genesis + xxiv. 2, 3.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"And Abraham said unto his eldest servant of his house, that ruled + over all that he had. Put, I pray thee, <i>thy hand under my thigh</i>; + And I will make thee swear," &c.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>That at a very early period the soldier swore by his sword, is shown + by the Anglo-Norman poem on the conquest of Ireland by Henry II., + published by Thomas Wright, Esq.: London, 1837, p. 101.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Morice par sa espé ad juré,</p> + <p>N' i ad vassal si osé."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>In a charter of the thirteenth century, made by one Hugh de Sarnefelde + to the Abbey of Thomascourt in Dublin, of a certain annuity, we find the + passage:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Et sciendum quod jam dictus Adam de Sarnefelde <i>affidavit in + manu</i> Magistri Roberti de Bedeford pro se et heredibus suis quod + fideliter et absque omni fallacia persolvent, etc. redditum + prenominatum."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>And such clauses are probably of frequent occurrence in ancient + charters. The expression "affidavit in manu" may be perhaps explained by + referring to the mode in which the oath of homage was accustomed to be + taken. This form, as it was of old time observed in England, is, I + presume, <!-- Page 404 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page404"></a>{404}</span>fully described in other publications; but + as many of the most valuable of the ancient public records of Ireland + have been, and are still, in a sadly neglected state, it is not probable + that the following description of the manner in which certain of the + Irish chieftains in the time of Richard II. performed their homage to + Thomas Earl of Nottingham, his deputy, has been hitherto printed:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Gerraldus O'Bryn predictus zonam, glaudium et capitium ipsius a se + amovens, et genibus flexis ad pedes dicti domini comitis procedit, ambas + manus suas palmis [adgremium] junctis erigens, et inter manus dicti + domini comitis crectas tenens, protulit hec verba in lingua hibernicana," + &c.—<i>Inquisition deposited in the Exchequer Record Office, + Dublin; James I.</i> No. 84.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James F. Ferguson.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Dublin.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>REMUNERATION OF AUTHORS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 81.)</p> + + <p>Some time ago I suggested, in the columns of "N. & Q.," a + collection which might prove interesting, of the remuneration received by + authors for their works, sending my first instalment thereof. A + correspondent (W. R.) has since contributed to the stock; and I now beg + to add a few more cases which have lately occurred to me. In the + instances of plays, &c., I have confined myself to the sums paid for + the copyright; any remuneration accruing to the author from the + performance, a share of the profit, benefit, &c. &c. being too + diffuse to bring into a tabular form; and, in the case of works published + while that servile system was in vogue, I have not attempted to record + the amounts paid for dedications by the inflated "patrons," nor even + those raised by subscription, except in one or two cases, where such was + (which was rarely the case) a genuine transaction:</p> + +<table class="allbctr" summary="Remuneration of Authors." title="Remuneration of Authors."> +<tr><td class="allbsing" style="text-align:center" colspan="2"> Title of Work. </td> +<td class="allbsing" style="text-align:center"> Author. </td> +<td class="allbsing" style="text-align:center"> Price. </td> +<td class="allbsing" style="text-align:center" colspan="2"> Publisher. </td> +<td class="allbsing" style="text-align:center" colspan="2"> Authority.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Phædra</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Edmund Smith </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 60<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Lintot. </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Dr. Johnson.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>The Wanderer</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Savage </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 10<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Beggar's Opera</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Gay </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 400<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Spence.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Poems </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 1000<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Subscription </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Dr. Johnson.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Translation of eight books of the <i>Odyssey</i>, and <br /> all the notes.</td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> W. Broome </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 600<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Paid by Pope </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto of four books of Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Fenton </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 300<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Edition of Shakspeare </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Pope </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 217<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Tonson </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Amynta and Theodora</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Mallet </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 120<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Vaillant. </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>The Poor Gentleman</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> G Colman, sen. </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 150<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> R. B. Peake.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Who wants a Guinea?</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 150<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Tales from Shakspeare</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Charles Lamb<br />Mary Lamb</td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 63<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Himself.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Contributions for two years to the <i>London Magazine.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Charles Lamb </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 170<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> T. Moore, <br /> + Lord J. Russell.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> The King of Prussia's works, translation of </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Thos. Holcroft </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 1200<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Galt.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Exchange no Robbery</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Theodore Hook </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 60<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> R. H. D. Barham.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Sayings and Doings</i> (1st series) </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 600<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Colburn </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Ditto</i> (2nd series) </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 1050<i>l.</i><br />150<i>l.</i><br />200<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Ditto</i> (3rd series) </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 1050<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Births, Marriages, and Deaths</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 600<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Editorship of Colburn's <i>New Monthly</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 400<i>l.</i> per annum. </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Ditto.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> <i>Rejected Addresses</i> </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> J. and H. Smith </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top"> 131<i>l.</i> after 16th edition </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> Murray </td> +<td class="vertbsing" style="vertical-align:top" colspan="2"> H. Smith.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="leftbsing" style="vertical-align:middle"> <i>Country Cousins</i> <br /> + <i>A Trip to Paris</i> <br /> + <i>Air Ballooning</i> <br /> + <i>A Trip to America</i> </td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:middle"> <a href="images/$rbrace.png"><img src="images/$rbrace.png" class="middle" style="height:10ex; width:0.7em" alt="brace" /></a> </td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:middle"> James Smith. </td> +<td class="leftbsing" style="vertical-align:middle"> 1000<i>l.</i> </td> +<td class="leftbsing" style="vertical-align:middle"> <a href="images/$lbrace.png"><img src="images/$lbrace.png" class="middle" style="height:7ex; width:0.7em" alt="brace" /></a> </td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:middle"> Paid for by <br /> + C. Matthews <br /> + for his Entertainments. </td> +<td class="leftbsing" style="vertical-align:middle"> <a href="images/$rbrace.png"><img src="images/$rbrace.png" class="middle" style="height:7ex; width:0.7em" alt="brace" /></a> </td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:middle"> Himself. </td></tr> +</table> + + <p> </p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Alexander Andrews.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>OCCASIONAL FORMS OF PRAYER.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 535.)</p> + + <p>The list of Occasional Forms of Prayer, recently contributed to your + pages by the <span class="sc">Rev. Thomas Lathbury</span>, contained no + less than forty-eight items. All the forms which he enumerates, with one + exception, are earlier than the year 1700. Using the same limitation of + date, I send you herewith a farther list of such occasional forms: all + these are to be found in the British Museum, and the press-marks by which + they are designated in the catalogue are here added. The present list + comprises fifty-one items, all of them, I think, different from those + which have been already mentioned. Unless otherwise stated, the copies of + the forms here referred to are printed at London, and they are for the + most part in black-letter, without pagination.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>A Psalme and Collect of Thankesgiving, not unmeet for the present Time + [<i>i.e.</i> after the defeat of the Spanish Armada]. 1588. (3406. + c.)</p> + +<p><!-- Page 405 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page405"></a>{405}</span></p> + + <p>An Order for Prayer and Thanksgiving (necessary to be used in these + dangerous Times) for the Safetie and Preservation of her Majestie and + this Realm. 1598.</p> + + <p>A revision of the form first issued in 1594. (3406. c.) 1.</p> + + <p>Certain Prayers collected out of a Form of godly Meditations ... to be + used at this Time in the present Visitation of God's heavy Hand, &c. + With the Order of a Fast to be kept every Wednesday. 1603. (3406. c.)</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving, August 5; being the Day of his Highnesse's happy + Deliverance from the trayterous and bloody Attempt of the Earle of Gowry + and his Brother, with their Adherents. 1606. (3406. c.)</p> + + <p>Forme of Common Prayer, together with an Order of Fasting: for the + averting of God's heavy Visitation upon many Places of this Kingdom [two + editions, the second with a few MS. notes]. 1625. (3406. d.) 1. and + (3406. d. 1.) 2.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. March 27, 1626. (3406. d. 1.) 4.</p> + + <p>Prayer for Safety and Preservation of his Majestie and this Realm. + 1626. (3406. d. 1.) 5.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. Safe Delivery of the Queen. 1631. Fol. (3406. e.) 1.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. Safe Child-bearing of the Queene's Majestie. 1635. Fol. + (3406. e.) 2.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. November 5, 1636. (3406. c.)</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. November 5, 1638. (3406. d. 1.) 6.</p> + + <p>Prayer for the King's Majestie, in the Northern Expedition. 1639. Fol. + (3406. e.) 3.</p> + + <p>A Form of Thanksgiving to be used September 7, 1640, thorowout the + Diocese of Lincoln, and in the Jurisdiction of Westminster. 1640(?) + (3407. c.)</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. March 27, 1640. (3406. d. 1.) 8.</p> + + <p>Prayer for the King's Majestie, in his Expedition against the Rebels + of Scotland. 1640. Fol. (3406. e.) 4.</p> + + <p>Fast, February 5, 1644, for a Blessing on the Treaty now begunne. + (3406. d. 1.) 9.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving for the late Defeat given unto the Rebells at Newarke + (and A Prayer for the Queene's safe Delivery). 1644. Oxford, fol. (3406. + e.) 5.</p> + + <p>Prayer to be used upon January 15, 1661, in London and Westminster, + &c.; and upon the 22nd of the said moneth in the rest of England and + Wales. (3406. d. 2.) 1.</p> + + <p>Prayer on June 12 and June 19, 1661 (as in the last form). (3406. d. + 2.) 2.</p> + + <p>Fast. July 12, 1665, in London, &c. (3406. d. 2.) 3.</p> + + <p>Prayer. April 10, 1678. (3407. c.)</p> + + <p>Fast. November 13, 1678. (3406. d. 2.) 5.</p> + + <p>Prayer for King. 1684. (3407. c.)</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. July 26, 1685. Victories over the Rebels. (3406. d. 3.) + 3.</p> + + <p>Prayers ... during this time of Public Apprehension from the Danger of + Invasion. 1688. (3407. c.)</p> + + <p>Additional Prayers to be used, together with those appointed in the + Service for November 5, 1689. (3406. d. 4.) 4.</p> + + <p>Fast. March 12, 1689. Preservation of his Majestie's sacred Person, + and the Prosperity of his Arms in Ireland, &c. (3406. d. 4.) 1.</p> + + <p>Fast. June 5 and June 19, 1689. To implore Success in the War declared + against the French King. (3406. d. 4.) 2.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving: Success towards the reducing of Ireland. October 19, + 1690. (3406. d. 4.) 3.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. November 5, 1690. (3406. d. 4.) 6.</p> + + <p>A Prayer for the King, to be used instead of that appointed for his + Majestie's present Expedition. 1690. (3406. d. 4.) 5.</p> + + <p>A Prayer for the King, to be constantly used while his Majesty is + abroad in the Wars. 1691. (3406. d. 4.) 7.</p> + + <p>Fast. April 29, 1691. (3406. d. 4.) 8. Two editions.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. Success in Ireland. November 26, 1691. (3406. d. 4.) + 10.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. 1692. (3406. d. 4.) 12.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. 1692. (3406. d. 4.) 14.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. October 27 and November 10, 1692. For the signal Victory + vouchsafed to the Fleet. (3406. d. 4.) 15.</p> + + <p>Prayer, during the Time of their Majesties' Fleet being at Sea. 1692. + (3406. d. 4.) 18.</p> + + <p>Fast. April 8, 1692. (3406. d. 4.) 11.</p> + + <p>Prayer. May 10, 1693, and second Wednesday of every month following, + &c. (3406. d. 4.) 16.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. November 12 and November 26, 1693. (3406. d. 4.) 17.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. December 9 and December 16, 1694. (3406. d. 5.) 3.</p> + + <p>Prayers to be used during the Queen's Sickness, &c. 1694. (3406. + d. 5.) 2.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. April 16, 1695. (3406. d. 5.) 4.</p> + + <p>Fast. June 19, 1695. (3406. d. 5.) 5.</p> + + <p>Prayer. December 11 and December 18, 1695. (3406. d. 5.) 6.</p> + + <p>Fast. June 26. (3406. d. 5.) 7.</p> + + <p>Form of Prayer to be used Yearly on September 2, 1696, for the + dreadful fire of London. (3406. d. 5.) 8.</p> + + <p>Fast. April 28, 1697. (3406. d. 5.) 9.</p> + + <p>Thanksgiving. December 2, 1697. (3406. d. 5.) 10.</p> + + <p>Fast. April 5, 1699. (3406. d. 5.) 11.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>It would occupy more space than "N. & Q." can afford to complete + the list up to the present time. In the British Museum Catalogue alone, + between the years 1700 and 1800, there are about 120 Forms of Prayer; + and, between 1800 and 1850, about 113 more. Let me, before leaving the + subject, draw the attention of your readers to the following extract from + Straker's (Adelaide Street, West Strand) <i>Catalogue of Books</i>, + printed in 1853, pp. 419.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Article "1862. <span class="sc">Common Prayer.</span> Forms of Prayer, + an extensive collection of, issued by authority, on public occasions; + such as War and Peace, Plague and Pestilence, Earthquakes, Treason and + Rebellion, Accession of Kings, Birth of Princes, &c. &c., from + <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1550 to <span class="scac">A.D.</span> + 1847, consisting of 45 in manuscript and 181 printed, together 226; many + of which are of the greatest scarcity, with a detailed catalogue of the + collection, 8<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i> 1550-1840 [<i>sic</i>].</p> + +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="b2n"> + + <p>"The late J. W. Niblock, D.D., F.S.A., was actively engaged for + upwards of <i>thirty years</i>, (with <!-- Page 406 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page406"></a>{406}</span>great trouble and + expense) in forming this exceedingly interesting and valuable collection + for his projected work, to be entitled <span class="sc">'Formæ + Precum</span>, or National State Prayers, issued by Authority, on Fast + and Thanksgiving Days, and other public Occasions, from the Reformation + to the present Time,' those in manuscript are copied with great care from + the originals in public libraries and private collections."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This important collection may possibly be unknown to some of your + readers who take an interest in matters liturgical.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Sparrow Simpson.</span></p> + + <p>Having made it a point, for some years past, to preserve at least one + copy of each Occasional Form of Prayer, and wishing to comply with <span + class="sc">Mr. Lathbury's</span> request, I send a list of those in my + own possession.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Prince. 1841.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for Preservation of the Queen "from the + atrocious and treasonable Attempt against her sacred Person." 1842.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for abundant Harvest. 1842.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Princess. 1843.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of Prince. + 1844.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for Victories in the Sutledge. 1846.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving, for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Princess. 1846.</p> + + <p>Form for Relief from Dearth and Scarcity. 1846.</p> + + <p>Form for Removal of Dearth and Scarcity. Fast. 1847.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for abundant Harvest. 1847.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Princess. 1848.</p> + + <p>Form for Maintenance of Peace and Tranquillity. 1848.</p> + + <p>Form for Removal of Disease. 1849.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for Removal of Disease. 1849.</p> + + <p>Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Prince. 1850.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Abhba.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + + <p><i>Photographic Query.</i>—Given the diameter and focal length + of a simple achromatic lens; at what distance from it must a diaphragm of + given diameter be placed to give the best possible image?</p> + + <p class="author">O.</p> + + <p><i>Improvement in Collodion.</i>—As there are many photographers + who are not members of the Photographic Society, and who do not see the + journal published by that body, a statement of what I think will be found + a very material improvement in the manufacture of collodion may not be + unacceptable to the readers of "N. & Q." To five drachms of pure + <i>washed</i> ether, add one drachm alcohol 60° over proof, and dissolve + therein sufficient soluble cotton to make it of the consistence of oil + (the exact quantity must depend rather upon the dexterity of the + operator, as the thicker it is the more difficult to use) then add twenty + minims of chloroform, dropping in the latter, which will fall to the + bottom, but is readily dissolved on shaking the mixture for a few + minutes.</p> + + <p>To two drachms of the same alcohol add the iodizing material + preferred, and mix with the other ingredients.</p> + + <p>The above will be found to flow very evenly smoothly over the plate; + is tough, intense, and <i>structureless</i> in appearance. I have not yet + determined what is the best iodizing mixture, but at present I prefer + iodide of potassium <i>alone</i>, if pure, and twenty grains to the ounce + of alcohol is the proportion I generally adopt; thus having five grains + in each ounce of collodion.</p> + + <p>Lastly, as regards the soluble cotton, I cannot find any better + material than that produced according to the formula published by Mr. + Hadow, in the March Number of the <i>Photographic Journal</i>, thus: + "Take of nit. potash, five parts; sulphuric acid, ten parts; water, one + part; <i>all by weight</i>. Add the water to the nitrate of potash, and + then the acid, and immediately immerse as much cotton wool as can be + thoroughly saturated by the mixture, leaving it in for <i>at least</i> + ten minutes, and wash with a great abundance of water. The object of + adding the cotton immediately that the acid has been mixed with the + nitrate of potash, is to expose it to the action of the chemicals while + they are at a temperature of from 120° to 130°. For farther particulars + on this head, I must refer to Mr. Hadow's paper.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Geo. Shadbolt.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[This application is not a novelty to us: <span class="sc">Dr. + Diamond</span> has for some time added a small portion of his amber + varnish (which is prepared from chloroform) to his collodion, and with + satisfactory results. It is a pity that so admirable a varnish is not to + be procured at the generality of photographic warehouses. We have never + yet been able to procure any which will bear comparison with some which + <span class="sc">Dr. Diamond</span> was good enough to prepare for + us.—<span class="sc">Ed.</span> "N. & Q."]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Printing Positives.</i>—I will venture to assure <span + class="sc">Amateur</span> that,—if he will follow <span + class="sc">Dr. Diamond's</span> formula for albumenizing Canson paper, + either positive or negative, viz.,</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Formula for albumenizing Canson paper." title="Formula for albumenizing Canson paper."> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Chloride of sodium (salt) </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 5 grs.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Chloride of ammonium </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 5 grs.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Water </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 1 oz.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="nspcsingle"> Albumen, or the white of one egg, which <br /> + is near enough for the purpose </td><td class="nspcsingle"> 1 oz.</td></tr> +</table> + + <p>and will excite this paper by floating it for about two minutes on a + solution of nitrate of silver twenty grains to the ounce, distilled + water,—provided his chemicals are good, he will obtain perfectly + satisfactory results.</p> + + <p>Let his fixing bath be a saturated solution of hypo. soda, and if + newly made let him, as recommended by <span class="sc">Dr. + Diamond</span>, add 40 grains of chloride of silver to every 8 ounces of + the solution. The addition of a grain of sel d'or to every 8 ounces of + solution will greatly improve the tones of colour; and if, after some + <!-- Page 407 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page407"></a>{407}</span>time, the positives become more of a brown + tint than he likes, let him add a small quantity of sel d'or, half a + grain to a bath of from 12 to 16 ounces, and he will find the dark tints + restored.</p> + + <p>I inclose a copy of the print of "Horse-shoeing," obtained precisely + by the method described. It is rather overprinted; but if <span + class="sc">Amateur</span> will give you his address, and you will forward + it to him, it will show him what tones of colour and depth may be + procured by following the foregoing directions.</p> + + <p class="author">C. E. F.</p> + + <p><i>Photographic Excursions.</i>—A few Fellows of the Society of + Antiquaries have formed themselves into a Photographic Club for the + purpose of making periodical excursions into the country, and so securing + accurate views of the objects of antiquarian interest in the different + localities they may visit. As it is intended that a copy of every + photograph so taken shall be deposited in the portfolios of the Society, + the advantages likely to result from this little reunion, both to the + Society of Antiquaries and to Archæology generally, are very obvious.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p>"<i>To Garble</i>" (Vol. ix., pp. 243. 359.).—I venture, with + deference, to express a doubt as to whether E. S. T. T. has correctly + defined either the former or the present meaning of the verb <i>to + garble</i>, when he says "it meant a selection of the good and the + discarding of the bad parts of anything: its present meaning is exactly + the reverse of this." The statutes referred to by your correspondent, the + first enacting that no bow staves shall be sold ungarbled, and the second + imposing a penalty on the sale of spices and drugs not garbled, appear to + me to indicate the former meaning of the word to have been the selection + (picking out) of the <i>bad</i> and the discarding of it. Experience + shows that in all operations, involving the separation of objects + worthless and of value, such as weeding, sifting, and winnowing, the + former is removed from the latter and discarded. This view of the case + seems to be supported by the fact of the dust and dross sifted from + spices being called "garbles." The weeder removes weeds from flowers or + plants, the garbler removes garbles from spices and bad bow staves from + amongst good ones. Richardson's <i>Dictionary</i> contains the following + notes under the head <i>Garble</i>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Fr. <i>Grabeler</i>; It. <i>Garbellare</i>. Cotgrave says, Grabeller, + to garble spices, &c., (and hence) also to examine precisely, sift + nearly, look narrowly, search curiously into."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>After giving some examples of its use, Richardson says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"As usually applied in England, to garble is to pick out, sift out + what may serve a particular purpose, and thus destroy or mutilate the + fair character of the whole."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>To go no farther, the reports of the parliamentary debates, when a + "Blue Book" happens to furnish matter for discussion, amply confirm + Richardson's definition, that <i>to garble</i> is to pick out what may + serve a purpose. In this sense, however, E. S. T. T. must admit that it + would be as much garbling to quote all the <i>good</i> passages of a work + as to quote all the bad ones. May we not then assume the present meaning + of the word <i>garble</i> to be this—to quote passages with the + view of conveying an impression of the ability or intention of a writer, + which is not warranted by the general scope of the work?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Ross.</span></p> + + <p><i>"Lyra Apostolica</i>" (Vol. ix., p. 304.).—There is, I + believe, a slight inaccuracy in the rotation of the names given at the + above page as the writers in the <i>Lyra Apostolica</i>. They go in + alphabetical order, thus <span class="grk">α</span>, Bowden; <span + class="grk">β</span>, Froude; <span class="grk">γ</span>, + Keble; <span class="grk">δ</span>, Newman; <span + class="grk">ε</span>, Wilberforce; <span + class="grk">ζ</span>, Williams.</p> + + <p class="author">B. R. A. Y.</p> + + <p>The poems signed <span class="grk">ζ</span>. were written by + <i>Williams</i>, not by <i>Wilberforce</i>.</p> + + <p>Can you explain the meaning of the motto on the title-page—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<span title="Gnoien d', hôs dê dêron egô polemoio pepaumai" class="grk">Γνοῖεν δ', ὡς δὴ δηρὸν ἐγὼ πολέμοιο πέπαυμαι</span>"?</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author">M. D.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[This motto is from Homer, <i>Iliad</i>, xviii. 125. Its literal + translation is, They (the enemy) shall know that it was I who have long + kept away from the war," and, by implication, that I have now returned to + it; even I, the great hero Achilles; for he is the taunting speaker. Had + it not been for my absence, he intimates, the Trojans had not gained so + many and great victories. We must leave our correspondent to apply this + Homeric verse to the Protestant dark ages of the Georgian era, and to the + theological movement of 1833.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>John Bale, Bishop of Ossory</i> (Vol. ix., p. 324.).—A + catalogue, professing to be a complete one, of this over-ardent + reformer's voluminous works, with a portrait, may be seen in Holland's + <i>Heroölogia Anglica</i>, fol. 165-7. There are some curious notices + concerning him in Blomefield's <i>History of Norwich</i> (fol. 1741), pp. + 154, 155, 794., where reference is also made to his brother Robert as a + learned man and great writer.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">William Matthews.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Cowgill.</p> + + <p><i>Burial in an erect Posture</i> (Vol. viii., pp. 5. 59. 233. 455. + 630.; Vol. ix., p. 279.).—How strange it is that all of us should + have forgotten Charlemagne. When his tomb at Aix-la-Chapelle was opened + by the Emperor Frederic Barbarossa in 1165, "he found the body of + Charlemagne, not reclining in his coffin, as is the usual fashion of the + dead, but seated in his throne, as one alive, clothed in the imperial + robes, bearing the sceptre in his hand, and on his knees a copy of the + gospels." (See Murray's <!-- Page 408 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page408"></a>{408}</span><i>Handbook to Belgium</i>.) The throne in + which the body was seated, the sarcophagus (of Parian marble, the work of + Roman or Greek artists, ornamented with a fine bas-relief of the Rape of + Proserpine) in which the feet of the dead king were placed, are still + preserved in the cathedral, where I saw them last year, together with + some portions of the robes, and some curious ancient embroidery: these + last are not usually exhibited to strangers.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Sparrow Simpson.</span></p> + + <p>"<i>Carronade</i>" (Vol. ix., p. 246.).—"The folk story," as to + the derivation of this word (if such a comparatively modern invention + deserves such an epithet, for the Carron works, I believe, did not exist + a hundred years ago) is quite correct. This gun is said to have been + invented in Ireland by General Melville; but having been perfected at + Carron, it thence took its name.</p> + + <p>Landmann (no mean authority at the beginning of this century), in his + <i>Questions and Answers on Artillery</i>, says: "The carronade takes its + name from being first made at Carron."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Ellacombe.</span></p> + + <p>"<i>Largesse</i>" (Vol. v., p. 557.; Vol. ix., p. 209.).—The use + of this word is not confined to Essex and Northamptonshire, but extends + also to Norfolk. It is met with in many parishes in the western division + of Norfolk: where, at the time of harvest, after accompanying the last + load of corn home with the procession of the "Harvest Lady," it is + customary that the labourers on the several farms should go round their + respective parishes, and collect various sums of money, under the name of + <i>largesse</i>, at the houses of the chief inhabitants, whether lay or + clerical. Few were to be met with who refused this species of "black + mail" thus levied on them; doubtless regarding it as one out of many + means of testifying their thankfulness to the "Lord of the Harvest" for + "filling their mouth with good things," and giving them an abundance of + "corn and wine and oil."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="grk">Σ</span>.</p> + + <p>This word is of common occurrence in Suffolk during the shooting + season, where sportsmen are affrays greeted with it, for a donation, by + the labourers on the land where game is sought for.</p> + + <p class="author">N. L. J.</p> + + <p><i>Precious Stones</i> (Vol. viii., p. 539.; Vol. ix., pp. 37. 88. + 284.).—As the titles of so many works on this subject have been + already given in your pages, perhaps I may be of some service to your + correspondents in farther completing the list, and referring them to the + following in my own collection:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>On the Origin of Gems, by the Hon. Robert Boyle: London, 12mo.</p> + + <p>The Mirror of Stones, in which the Nature, Generation, &c., of + more than 200 Jewels, &c., are distinctly described by Camillus + Leonardus, 12mo.: London, 1750.</p> + + <p>A Treatise on Diamonds and Pearls, by David Jeffries, 2nd edit., 8vo.: + London, 1751. [This work, which was very scarce, has been recently + reprinted by E. Lumley for 6s.]</p> + + <p>Traité des Pierres précieuses et des Pierres fines, par L. Dutens, + 12mo.: London, Paris, and Florence. [Reprinted, with additions, in "Les + Œuvres Mélés de Dutens:" Génève, 8vo., 1784.]</p> + + <p>A Treatise on Diamonds and Precious Stones, by John Mawe, 2nd edit.: + London, 8vo., 1823.</p> + + <p>A Memoir of the Diamond, by John Murray, F.S.A., &c., 12mo.: + London, 1831.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Besides these may be consulted, the treatise of Gemma, <i>Delle Gemme + pretiose</i>, 2 vols. 4to., a ponderous map of obsolete puerilities; the + <i>Minéralogie</i> of M. de Bomare; the <i>Crystallographie</i> of M. + Romé Delisle; the essay of Wallerius, <i>De Lapidum Origine</i>; the + learned researches of Bergman, <i>Sur les Pierres précieuses</i>, + &c.</p> + + <p>I may add, that a practical work on the nature and value of precious + stones, comprehending the opinions and superstitions of the ancients + respecting them, together with an essay upon engraved gems, an account of + celebrated collections and specimens, &c., is much wanted, and would + probably be well received.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">William Bates.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + + <p>"<i>A Pinch of Snuff</i>" (Vol. vi., p. 431.; Vol. vii., p. + 268.).—This work is correctly attributed to Benson E. Hill, Esq. + The companion volume, <i>A Paper of Tobacco</i>, of which F. R. A. speaks + in just terms of commendation, was the production of Mr. W. A. Chatto, + the ingenious author of a <i>History of Playing Cards</i>, &c. His + son, Mr. Thomas Chatto, from whom I received this information, is a + bookseller, at No. 25. Museum Street, Bloomsbury: where I hope his + civility, and anxiety to serve his visitors, will ensure the success he + merits.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">William Bates.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + + <p><i>Darwin on Steam</i> (Vol. ix., p. 271.).—The lines in + question are not cited quite correctly by <span class="sc">Uneda</span>. + They run as follows:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Soon shall thy arm, unconquer'd Steam, afar</p> + <p>Drag the slow barge, or drive the rapid car;</p> + <p>Or on wide-waving wings expanded bear,</p> + <p>The flying-chariot through the fields of air."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>They occur in the First Part of the <i>Botanic Garden</i>, p. 29., 2nd + edit., 4to., London, 1791.</p> + + <p class="author">L. (1)</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>[We are also indebted to J. K. R. W. and other correspondents for + similar replies.]</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><i>Gale of Rent</i> (Vol. viii., pp. 563. 655.).—The word + <i>gale</i> is used in the west of Philadelphia in the sense of an + instalment. Thus, if land is <!-- Page 409 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page409"></a>{409}</span>bought to be paid for in annual sums, one + of these is called a yearly gale. I have supposed, I cannot now say why, + that this was an Irish expression.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Uneda.</span></p> + + <p><i>Cobb Family</i> (Vol. ix., p. 272).—I have much reason to + believe that <span class="sc">Mr. Arthur Paget</span> will find a clue to + his inquiries in the following particulars extracted from documents in my + possession. The estate of St. Katharine's Hall, or St. Kattern's, near + Bath, belonged to the family of Blanchard; and in 1748 the property + passed to the family of Parry of St. Kattern's by marriage with the + heiress of the Blanchards, who is thus described:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Thomas Parry, and Querinah his wife, niece and heiress-at-law of + William Blanchard, who was only son and heir of Henry Blanchard, and + Querinah his wife," [only child of John Curle, Esq.].</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In 1795 Thomas Parry devised the estate to his son John Parry, who was + the rector of Sturmer, co. Essex; and by his will [May, 1797] his + property went to his sisters, Elizabeth Knight, Querinah Cobb, and Hannah + Parry. Elizabeth married, Aug. 1781, Henry Knight of Lansdown, near Bath. + Querinah married, Nov. 1781, William Milles Cobb, of Ringwood, gentleman, + third son of Christopher Cobb, merchant, and Sarah his wife.</p> + + <p>I have in my possession some portraits of the Blanchard, Curle, and + Parry families; two by Sir Peter Lely, which may afford <span + class="sc">Mr. Paget</span> farther evidence of the consanguinity of + Richard Cobb, Esq., and the Cobbs of Ringwood.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Knight.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Aylestone.</p> + + <p>On the principle that every little helps, and out of gratitude for + <span class="sc">Cranmore's</span> assistance in the Milton-Minshull + controversy, I would offer the following suggestions, which may haply + serve as finger-posts to direct him on his way. William Cobb, Esq., of + Adderbury, Oxon, immediate ancestor of the baronets of that name and + place, derived from the Cobbs of Sandringham, in the hundred of + Freebridge, Norfolk. Blomefield's <i>History</i> of the latter county + might be consulted with advantage. The Cobbs of Adderbury bore "Sable, a + chevron argent between three dolphins naiant embowed or, a chief of the + last." Randle Holme, in his <i>Academy of Armory</i>, 1688, gives the + following as the arms of Cobb,—"Per chevron sable and gules, two + swans respecting each other and a herring cobb argent." Thomas Cobb, of + Otterington, Yorkshire, a loyal subject of King Charles I., compounded + for his estates in the sum of 472<i>l.</i> There is a brass in Sharnbrook + Church, Bedfordshire, commemorating William Cobbe, who died in 1522, + Alice his wife, a son Thomas, and other children.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. Hughes.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Chester.</p> + + <p>"<i>Aches</i>" (Vol. ix., p. 351.).—I am not aware of any rhyme + which fixes the pronunciation of <i>aches</i> in the time of Shakspeare, + but I think the following quite as decisive:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"<i>Of the Fallacie in the Accent or Pronunciation.</i>—The + fallacie of the accent is, when a false thing is affirmed under colour of + pronouncing it as another thing that is true. For example:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg1">'Where no <i>ache</i> is, there needs no salve;</p> + <p>In the gout there is no H,</p> + <p>Therefore, in the gout, there needs no salve.'"</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="b2n"> + + <p><i>The Elements of Logicke</i>, by Peter Dumoulin. Translated out of + the French copie by Nathanael De-Lawne, with the Author's approbation: + London, 1624, 24mo.</p> + +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"<i>Anthony.</i> Thou bleedest apace.</p> + <p><i>Scarus.</i> I had a wound here that was like a T;</p> + <p>But now 'tis made an H."</p> + <p class="i6"><i>Ant. and Cleop.</i>, Act IV. Sc. 7.</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + + <p>See also on the "aitch" question, <i>Letters of an Irish Student</i>, + vol. i. p. 256., London, 1812; and <i>The Parlour Window</i>, by the Rev. + Edward Mangin, p. 146., London, 1841.</p> + + <p class="author">H. B. C.</p> + + <p class="address">U. U. Club.</p> + + <p>"<i>Meols</i>" (Vol. vii., pp. 208. 298.).—There is an extensive + parish called North <i>Meols</i> (the favourite watering-place of + Southport being within it) in the sandy district to the south of the + estuary of the Ribble, in Lancashire.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Prestoniensis.</span></p> + + <p><i>Polygamy</i> (Vol. ix., p. 246.).—The practice of monogamy + had been established among the Jews before the Christian era, as is shown + by various expressions in the New Testament; but their law (like that of + other oriental nations) still permitted polygamy, and they were expressly + prohibited by an enactment of the Emperor Theodosius, of the year 393, + from marrying several wives at the same time (Cod. 1. 9. 7.); so that the + practice was not then extinct among them. Monogamy was the law and + practice of all the Greek and Italian communities, so far back as our + accounts reach. There is no trace of polygamy in Homer. Even in the + incestuous marriages supposed by him in the mythical family of Æolus, the + monogamic rule is observed, <i>Odyssey</i>, x. 7. The Roman law + recognised monogamy alone, and hence polygamy was prohibited in the + entire Roman empire. It thus became practically the rule of Christians, + and was engrafted into the canon law of the Eastern and Western + Churches.</p> + + <p class="author">L.</p> + + <p><i>Wafers</i> (Vol. ix., p. 376.).—I have in my possession a + volume of original Italian letters, addressed to a Venetian physician + (who appears to have been eminent in his profession), Michael Angelo + Rota, written during the early part of the seventeenth century. Many of + these letters have been sealed with red wafers, still adhering to the + <!-- Page 410 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page410"></a>{410}</span>paper, and precisely similar to those now + in use. The earliest of the letters which I have found sealed is dated + April, 1607, which is seventeen years earlier than the earliest known + instance, mentioned by Beckmann (<i>History of Inventions</i>, Bohn's + edit., vol. i. p. 146.), of a letter sealed with a wafer.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Walter Sneyd.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Denton.</p> + + <p>I have before me a reprieve from the Council, dated in 1599, sealed + with a wafer, and am certain that I have earlier instances, had I time at + this moment to look them up.</p> + + <p class="author">L. B. L.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2> + +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.</h3> + + <p>The Northern Antiquaries set their brethren in this country a noble + example. Every year sees one or more of them engaged in the production of + carefully-edited volumes of early Scandinavian history. We have now to + record the publication, by Professor Munch, of the old Norse text of + <i>Kong Olaf Tryggvesön's Saga</i> from a MS. in the Library at Stockholm + which has not hitherto been made use of; and also, by the same gentleman, + in conjunction with his friend Professor Unger, of an edition of the + <i>Saga Olafs Konungs ens Helga</i>, from the earliest MS. in the library + at Stockholm. Each work is introduced by a preface of great learning, and + illustrated by a large body of valuable notes.</p> + + <p>Those who have shared our regret, that the brilliant notices of books + which occasionally appear in the columns of <i>The Times</i> should be + presented in a form which scarcely admits of their being preserved, and + also our satisfaction when Mr. Murray put forth his selection from them + under the title of <i>Essays from the Times</i>, will be glad that the + same publisher has issued in his <i>Railway Reading</i> a Second Series + of them, comprising fourteen articles.</p> + + <p>We may remind all lovers of beautiful illustrations of Mediæval Art, + that Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson will sell by auction on Monday next + the entire stock of the magnificent publications of Mr. Henry Shaw, + F.S.A., whose <i>Dresses and Decorations of the Middle Ages</i> are a + type of the whole. Such an opportunity of securing copies at a reasonable + rate will never occur again. While on the subject of sales, we may + mention that Messrs. Puttick and Simpson announce a sale of + <i>Photographs</i>. This is the first instance; but we may be sure, with + the growing taste for these accurate and, in many cases, also artistic + transcripts of nature, every season will see many similar sales.</p> + + <p>At the anniversary of the Society of Antiquaries on Monday last, + Admiral Smyth moved a vote of thanks to <span class="sc">Mr. + Bruce</span>, on his retirement from the Treasurership, for his zeal and + indefatigable exertions in that office. The manner in which the gallant + Admiral's remarks were received showed, first, that the reforms advocated + by Mr. Bruce now meet the general approval of the Society; and secondly, + that the warmth of feeling which they had called forth on both sides has + entirely disappeared.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Books Received.</span>—<i>Condé's History of + the Arabs in Spain, translated from the Spanish</i>, by Mrs. Jonathan + Foster, in three volumes, Vol. I. Mr. Bohn deserves the best thanks of + all lovers of history for this English translation—the first which + has ever been made—of the admirable work of Condé. It is one of the + most important volumes which he has published in his <i>Standard + Library.—The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay</i>, Vol. II. The + second volume of this amusing, gossiping, and egotistical work, comprises + the period 1781-1786.—<i>Pantomime Budgets, &c.</i>, a clever + pamphlet in favour of prepaid taxation.—<i>John Penry, the Pilgrim + Martyr</i>, 1559-1593, by John Waddington. A violent anti-church + biography of Penry, whose share in the Marprelate Controversy Mr. + Waddington disbelieves on very insufficient grounds.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3> + + <p><span class="sc">Lingard's England.</span> Foolscap 8vo. 1844. Vols. + I. to V., and X. and XI.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">The Works of Dr. Jonathan Swift.</span> London, + printed for C. Bathurst, in Fleet Street, 1768. Vol. VII. (Vol. VI. + ending with "Verses on the Death of Dr. Swift," written in Nov. + 1731.)</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Byron's Works.</span> Vol. VI. of Murray's Edition. + 1829.</p> + + <p>The Volume of the <span class="sc">London Polyglott</span> which + contains the Prophets. Imperfection in other parts of no consequence.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Carlisle on Grammar Schools.</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">The Circle of the Seasons.</span> London, 1828. 12mo. + Two copies.</p> + + <p>*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage + free</i>, to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of + "<span class="sc">Notes And Queries</span>," 186. Fleet Street.</p> + + <p>Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct + to the gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses + are given for that purpose:</p> + + <p>Any of the occasional Sermons of the Rev. Charles Kingsley, of + Eversley, more particularly <span class="sc">The Mission of the Church to + the Labouring Classes</span>, and <span class="sc">Clothes Cheap and + Nasty</span>, by Parson Lot.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>H. C. Cowley</i>, Melksham, Wilts.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The Numbers of the <span class="sc">British and Colonial Quarterly + Review</span>, published in 1846, by Smith and Elder, Cornhill, + containing a review of a work on graduated, sliding-scale, Taxation. Also + any work of the French School on the same subject, published from 1790 + down to the end of the Revolution.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>R. J. Cole</i>, 12. Furnival's Inn.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Brevint's Christian Sacrament and Sacrifice</span>, + 4th Edition, 1757. Rivingtons.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>S. Hayward</i>, Bookseller, Bath.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">J. G. Agardh, Species, Genera et Ordines + Algarum.</span> Royal 8vo. London 1848-1853.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Lacroix, Diff. et Integ. Calculus.</span> Last + edition.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by the <i>Rev. Frederick Smithe</i>, Churchdown, Gloucester.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Admiral Napier's Revolution in Portugal.</span> + Moxon, Dover Street.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>Hugh Owen, Esq.</i>, Bristol.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Platonis Opera Omnia</span> (Stallbaum). Gothæ et + Erfordiæ, Sumptibus Guil. Hennings, 1832; published in Jacobs and Rost's + Bibliotheca Græca. Vol. iv. Sect. 2., containing Menexenus, Lysis, + Hippias uterque, Io.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by the <i>Rev. G. R. Mackarness</i>, Barnwell Rectory, near Oundle.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p><!-- Page 411 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page411"></a>{411}</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Ancient Commerce of Hindostan</span>, forming Vol. + VII. of "Maurice's Indian Antiquities, 1796."</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by the <i>Rev. H. Atlay, B.-Casterton, Stamford</i>.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Bishop O'Brien's Ten Sermons on + Justification.</span></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>Lieut. Bruce</i>, Royal Horse Artillery, Chatham.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Latimer's Sermons.</span> Published by the Parker + Society. Vol. I.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>Mr. J. G. Nichols</i>, 25. Parliament Street.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Plans or Maps of Ancient London</span>, and + Representations of Remarkable and Interesting Objects connected + therewith—large size (such as Old St. Paul's, Paul's Cross, Old + London Bridge, &c.).</p> + + <p>A Copy of No. 1. (or early number) of "The Times" Newspaper.</p> + + <p>A Copy of one of the "Broadsheets" issued during the Plague.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Wanted by <i>Mr. Joseph Simpson</i>, Librarian, Literary and Scientific Institution, Islington, London.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>Notices to Correspondents.</h3> + + <p><span class="sc">Sigma.</span> <i>The Rev. Richard Warner, the + Historian of Bath, we believe, is still living, and is Rector of + Chadfield, Wilts, and Chelwood, Somersetshire.</i></p> + + <p>F. S. A. <i>The origin as well as the demolition of Castell Dinâs, + Bran, near Llangollen, have baffled our topographical antiquaries. For + some notices of this fortress consult Pennant's</i> Tour in Wales, p. + 279., edit. 1778 (<i>with a plate of it</i>); <i>Leland's</i> Itinerary, + vol. v. p. 51.; <i>and</i> Beauties of England and Wales, vol. xviii. p. + 558.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Rustica.</span> <i>The Dutch Gothic Church</i>, + noticed in The Times <i>of the 5th inst., is in Austin Friars</i>.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">J—g.</span> <i>We did not succeed in getting + the book.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Neison on Railway Accidents</span> <i>is published in + the</i> Journal of the Statistical Society <i>for December, 1853, and may + be had of Parker, 445 Strand</i>.</p> + + <p>B. T. A. <i>The line</i> "England, with all thy faults I love thee + still," <i>is by Cowper</i> (The Task, book ii.).</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Rev. J. J.</span> <i>We fear some injustice was + done—unintentionally, but fear also that it is now too late to + remedy it.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Inquirer</span> (Birmingham). <i>Some of our + correspondents have met with great success from Mr. Crookes' process; but + we are bound to say that it has not been universal.</i></p> + + <p>G. W. E. <i>recommends that in immersing a collodion plate it should + first be inserted horizontally, and then transversely in the nitrate of + silver bath, as a sure means of avoiding spots</i>.</p> + + <p><i>He is informed that if the edges of his glass are roughed, it will + greatly tend to the adhesion of the collodion. The nitrate of silver + bath, used for exciting collodion plates, is not available for exciting + albumenized paper or any other purpose.</i></p> + + <p>H. C. C. <i>1. The addition of cyanide of potassium to the sensitive + collodion not only prevents its decomposition, but appears to add to its + general good qualities. 2. Protosulphate of iron mixed with your nitrate + bath is quite fatal. 3. Good pictures are constantly taken when the + temperature is below sixty; though there is no doubt all chemical action + is quicker in warm weather.</i></p> + + <p>B. (Manchester). <i>See</i> "N. & Q.," No. 205, <i>October 1, + 1853</i>.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">W. Beatson.</span> <i>There are difficulties in the + way of such an exchange of photographic pictures, which are very + difficult to overcome. At present we believe the Photographic Society, + with the aid of an energetic Council, have been unable to effect this, + even to a limited extent.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Erratum.</span>—Vol. ix., p. 220. col. 1. line + 9, <i>for</i> 1533-5 <i>read</i> 1633-5.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Our Eighth Volume</span> <i>is now bound and ready + for delivery, price</i> 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, <i>cloth, boards. A few + sets of the whole Eight Volumes are being made up, price</i> 4<i>l.</i> + 4<i>s.</i>—<i>For these early application is desirable.</i></p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" <i>is published at noon on + Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that + night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the + Saturday</i>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Patronised by the Royal +Family.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">TWO THOUSAND POUNDS +for any person producing Articles superior +to the following:</p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE HAIR RESTORED AND GREYNESS +PREVENTED.</p> + + <p>BEETHAM'S CAPILLARY FLUID is acknowledged to be the most effectual + article for Restoring the Hair in Baldness, strengthening when weak and + fine, effectually preventing falling or turning grey, and for restoring + its natural colour without the use of dye. The rich glossy appearance it + imparts is the admiration of every person. Thousands have experienced its + astonishing efficacy. Bottles 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; double size, + 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> equal to 4 small; + 11<i>s.</i> to 6 small; 21<i>s.</i> to 13 small. The most perfect + beautifier ever invented.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">SUPERFLUOUS HAIR REMOVED.</p> + + <p>BEETHAM'S VEGETABLE EXTRACT does not cause pain or injury to the skin. + Its effect is unerring, and it is now patronised by royalty and hundreds + of the first families. Bottles, 5<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>BEETHAM'S PLASTER is the only effectual remover of Corns and Bunions. + It also reduces enlarged Great Toe Joints in an astonishing manner. If + space allowed, the testimony of upwards of twelve thousand individuals, + during the last five years, might be inserted. Packets, 1<i>s.</i>; + Boxes, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> Sent Free by BEETHAM, Chemist, Cheltenham, + for 14 or 36 Post Stamps.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>Sold by PRING, 30. Westmorland Street; JACKSON, 9. Westland Row; + BEWLEY & EVANS, Dublin; GOULDING, 108. Patrick Street, Cork; BARRY, + 9. Main Street, Kinsale; GRATTAN, Belfast; MURDOCK, BROTHERS, Glasgow; + DUNCAN & FLOCKHART, Edinburgh. SANGER, 150. Oxford Street; PROUT, + 229. Strand; KEATING, St. Paul's Churchyard; SAVORY & MOORE, Bond + Street; HANNAY, 63. Oxford Street; London. All Chemists and Perfumers + will procure them.</p> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining + Instantaneous Views and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, + according to light.</p> + + <p>Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the + choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their + Establishment.</p> + + <p>Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used + in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.—J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. + Strand, have, by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a + Collodion equal, they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of + Negative, to any other hitherto published; without diminishing the + keeping properties and appreciation of half-tint for which their + manufacture has been esteemed.</p> + + <p>Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice + of Photography, Instruction in the Art.</p> + + <p>THE COLLODION AND POSITIVE PAPER PROCESS. By J. B. HOCKIN. Price + 1<i>s.</i>, per Post. 1<i>s.</i> 2<i>d.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">OTTEWILL AND MORGAN'S</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Manufactory, 24. & 25. Charlotte Terrace, +Caledonian Road, Islington.</p> + + <p>OTTEWILL'S Registered Double Body Folding Camera, adapted for + Landscapes or Portraits, may be had of A. ROSS. Featherstone Buildings, + Holborn; the Photographic Institution, Bond Street; and at the + Manufactory as above, where every description of Cameras, Slides, and + Tripods may be had. The Trade supplied.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS.</p> + + <p>KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and + Price of the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and + Son's Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various + Materials, and pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the + Photographic Art. Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps.</p> + + <p>Instructions given in every branch of the Art.</p> + + <p>An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic + Specimens.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, +London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>COLLODION PORTRAITS AND VIEWS obtained with the greatest ease and + certainty by using BLAND & LONG'S preparation of Soluble Cotton; + certainty and uniformity of action over a lengthened period, combined + with the most faithful rendering of the half-tones, constitute this a + most valuable agent in the hands of the photographer.</p> + + <p>Albumenized paper, for printing from glass or paper negatives, giving + a minuteness of detail unattained by any other method, 5<i>s.</i> per + Quire.</p> + + <p>Waxed and Iodized Papers of tried quality.</p> + + <p>Instruction in the Processes.</p> + + <p>BLAND & LONG, Opticians and Photographical Instrument Makers, and + Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street, London.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">*** Catalogues sent on application.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>THE SIGHT preserved by the Use of SPECTACLES adapted to suit every + variety of Vision by means of SMEE'S OPTOMETER, which effectually + prevents Injury to the Eyes from the Selection of Improper Glasses, and + is extensively employed by</p> + +<p class="cenhead">BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet +Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 412 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page412"></a>{412}</span></p> + + <p>Sale of Photographic Pictures, Landscape Camera by Horne & Co.; + Prints and Drawings.</p> + + <p>PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by + AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, early in MAY, an important + Collection of Photographic Pictures by the most celebrated Artists and + Amateurs; comprising some <i>chefs d'œuvre</i> of the Art, amongst + which are large and interesting Views taken in Paris, Rouen, Brussels, + Switzerland, Rome, Venice, various parts of England and Scotland. Rustic + Scenes, Architectural Subjects, Antiquities, &c. Also, some + interesting Prints and Drawings.</p> + + <p>Catalogues will be sent on Application (if at a distance, on Receipt + of Two Stamps.)</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>SALE of the REV. G. S. FABER'S LIBRARY.—MR. WHITE has received + instructions to sell by Auction in the House No. 1. North Bailey (next + door to the Exhibition Room), Durham, on Tuesday, May 9th, and three + following days, the extensive and valuable Library of the late REV. G. S. + FABER, Prebendary of Salisbury, and Master of Sherburn Hospital, Durham, + consisting of editions of the Fathers, Works on Divinity, General + Literature, &c.</p> + + <p>Catalogues are now ready, and may be had of MESSRS. F. & J. + RIVINGTON, No. 3. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, and of MR. S. LOW, 169. + Fleet Street, London; MESSRS. BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh; of MR. + ANDREWS, Bookseller, Durham, and of the Auctioneer.</p> + + <p>Catalogues will be forwarded by Post by MR. ANDREWS, Bookseller, + Durham, on receipt of Two Postage Stamps.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PIANOFORTES, 25 Guineas each.—D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho + Square (established A.D. 1785), sole manufacturers of the ROYAL + PIANOFORTES, at 25 guineas each. Every instrument warranted. The peculiar + advantages of these pianofortes are best described in the following + professional testimonial; signed by the majority of the leading musicians + of the age:—"We, the under-signed members of the musical + profession, having carefully examined the Royal Pianofortes manufactured + by MESSRS. D'ALMAINE & Co., have great pleasure in bearing testimony + to their merits and capabilities. It appears to us impossible to produce + instruments of the same size possessing a richer and finer tone, more + elastic touch, or more equal temperament, while the elegance of their + construction renders them a handsome ornament for the library, boudoir, + or drawing-room. (Signed) J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. Bishop, J. + Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, E. F. + Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. + Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. + Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee, A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, + W. H. Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry + Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank Romer, G. H. Rodwell, E. + Rockel, Sims Reeves, J. Templeton, Y. Weber, H. Westrop, T. H. Wright," + &c.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square. Lists +and Designs Gratis.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the + possession of Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his + Inquiries are greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen + engaged in Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to + undertake searches among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, + Ancient Wills, or other Depositories of similar Nature, in any Branch of + Literature, History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he + has had considerable experience.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, +HATCHAM, SURREY.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE +AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Founded A.D. 1842.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Directors.</i></p> + + +<table class="nobctr" summary="directors" title="directors"> + <tr> + <td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>H. E. Bicknell, Esq.<br /> + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P.<br /> + G. H. Drew, Esq.<br /> + W. Evans, Esq.<br /> + W. Freeman, Esq.<br /> + F. Fuller, Esq.<br /> + J. H. Goodhart, Esq.</p> + + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> + J. Hunt, Esq.<br /> + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.<br /> + E. Lucas, Esq.<br /> + J. Lys Seager, Esq.<br /> + J. B. White, Esq.<br /> + J. Carter Wood, Esq.</p> + + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Trustees.</i>—W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> +<i>Physician.</i>—William Rich. Basham, M.D.<br /> +<i>Bankers.</i>—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p> + + <p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary + difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application + to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed + in the Prospectus.</p> + + <p>Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:—</p> + +<table width="35%" class="nobctr" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates"> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 17</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">14</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 32</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">10</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 22</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 37</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">6</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 27</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">5</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 42</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">3</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +</tr></table> + +<p class="cenhead">ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p> + + <p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON + BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land + Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building + Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and + Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life + Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BANK OF DEPOSIT.</p> + + <p>No. 3. Pall Mall East, and 7. St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Square, + London.</p> + + <p><i>Established</i> <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1844.</p> + + <p>INVESTMENT ACCOUNTS may be opened daily, with capital of any + amount.</p> + + <p>Interest payable in January and July.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>PETER MORRISON,</p> + <p>Managing Director.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Prospectuses and Forms sent free on application.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class + X., in Gold and Silver Cases in five qualities, and adapted to all + Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold + London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver + Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, + 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior + Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's + Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch + skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, + 2<i>l.</i>, 3<i>l.</i>, and 4<i>l.</i> Thermometers from 1<i>s.</i> + each.</p> + + <p>BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, + the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, 65. CHEAPSIDE.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">London +Homœopathic Hospital.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">32. GOLDEN SQUARE,</p> + + <p>Founded by the British Homœopathic Association, October 10, + 1849; opened for the Reception of Patients, April 10, 1850.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Patroness.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>President.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Field-Marshal the Marquis of Anglesey, K.G., G.C.B.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Vice-Presidents.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>His Grace the Archbishop of Dublin.</p> + <p>His Grace the Duke of Beaufort.</p> + <p>Right Hon. the Earl of Essex.</p> + <p>Right Hon. the Viscount Sydney.</p> + <p>Right Hon. the Lord Gray.</p> + <p>The Viscount Maldon.</p> + <p>Lord Francis Gordon.</p> + <p>Captain Lord C. Paget, R.N., M.P.</p> + <p>Captain Lord A. Paget, M.P</p> + <p>Colonel Lord G. Paget, M.P.</p> + <p>Colonel Wyndham.</p> + <p>F. Foster Quin, Esq., M.D.</p> + <p>Marmaduke B. Sampson, Esq.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4"><i>Treasurer.</i></p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Sir John Dean Paul, Bart., 217. Strand.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead">A CONVERSAZIONE</p> + +<p class="cenhead">(Instead of the Annual Dinner),</p> + +<p class="cenhead">In Aid of the Funds of this Hospital, will be +held at</p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE HANOVER SQUARE ROOMS,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">On TUESDAY EVENING, May 2, at +Eight o'clock.</p> + + <p>Tickets may be had at the Hospital, 32. Golden Square of Messrs. + Aylott & Jones, Paternoster Row; Mr. Bailliere, 219. Regent Street; + Mr. Headland, 15. Princes Street, Hanover Square; Mr. Leath, Vere Street, + Cavendish Square, and St. Paul's Churchyard; Mr. Walker, Conduit Street; + Mr. James Epps, Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury Square, and Broad + Street, City; Mr. Turner, Piccadilly, Manchester; Mr. Thompson, + Liverpool; and at all the Homœopathic Chemists and Booksellers.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Single Tickets, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; Family Tickets to +admit Four, 1<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.</p> + + <p>THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and + Continental Artists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free + Admission.</p> + + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Prices." title="Prices."> + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>£ </p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><i>s.</i></p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><i>d.</i></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent Process</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>1</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Additional Copies (each)</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Coloured Portrait, highly finished (small size)</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>3</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>3</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Coloured Portrait, highly finished (larger size)</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>5</p> + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>0</p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + + <p>Miniatures, Oil Paintings, Water-Colour, and Chalk Drawings, + Photographed and Coloured in imitation of the Originals. Views of Country + Mansions, Churches, &c., taken at a short notice.</p> + + <p>Cameras, Lenses, and all the necessary Photographic Apparatus and + Chemicals, are supplied, tested, and guaranteed.</p> + + <p>Gratuitous Instruction is given to Purchasers of Sets of + Apparatus.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION,<br /> +168. New Bond Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Printed by <span class="sc">Thomas Clark Shaw</span>, of No. 10 + Stonefield Street, in the Parish of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New + Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and + published by <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, of No. 186. Fleet + Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, + Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, April 29, + 1854.</p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 235, April +29, 1854, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 31359-h.htm or 31359-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/1/3/5/31359/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 235, April 29, 1854 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: February 22, 2010 [EBook #31359] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +{389} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 235.] +SATURDAY, APRIL 29. 1854. +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + Curious Old Pamphlet 391 + Errata in Printed Bibles 391 + Impossibilities of History 392 + Unregistered Proverbs, by C. Mansfield Ingleby 392 + Mr. Justice Talfourd, by H. M. Bealby and T. J. Buckton 393 + The Screw Propeller 394 + Ancient Chattel-Property in Ireland, by James F. Ferguson 394 + Bishop Atterbury 395 + + MINOR NOTES:--"Milton Blind"--Hydropathy--Cassie--The Duke + of Wellington--Romford Jury--Edward Law (Lord Ellenborough), + Chief Justice--Chamisso--Dates of Maps--Walton--Whittington's + Stone on Highgate Hill--Turkey and France 395 + + QUERIES:-- + A Female Aide-Major 397 + + MINOR QUERIES:--"Chintz Gowns"--"Noctes Ambrosianae"--B. + Simmons--Green Stockings--Nicholas Kieten--Warwickshire + Badge--Armorial--Lord Brougham and Horne Tooke--Rileys + of Forest Hill--Fish "Lavidian"--"Poeta nascitur, non + fit"--John Wesley and the Duke of Wellington--Haviland-- + Byron--Rutabaga--A Medal--The Black Cap--The Aboriginal + Britons 397 + + MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--"Gossip"--Humphry Repton-- + "Oriel"--"Orchard"--"Peckwater"--Richard III.--Binding of + old Books--Vessel of Paper 399 + + REPLIES:-- + King James's Irish Army List, 1689, by John D'Alton 401 + Quotations Wanted, by G. Taylor, &c. 402 + Oaths, by James F. Ferguson, &c. 402 + Remuneration of Authors, by Alexander Andrews 404 + Occasional Forms of Prayer, by the Rev. W. Sparrow Simpson, + &c. 404 + + PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:-- + Photographic Query--Improvement in Collodion--Printing + Positives--Photographic Excursions 406 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--"To Garble"--"Lyra Apostolica"-- + John Bale, Bishop of Ossory--Burial in an erect Posture-- + "Carronade"--"Largesse"--Precious Stones--"A Pinch of + Snuff"--Darwin on Steam--Gale of Rent--Cobb Family--"Aches" + --"Meols"--Polygamy--Wafers 407 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + Notes on Books, &c. 410 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted 410 + Notices to Correspondents 411 + + * * * * * + + +THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. + +In consequence of the Advertisement Duty having been taken off, the +customary charges for Advertisements in "The Gardeners' Chronicle and +Agricultural Gazette" have been reduced. + +Advertisements appear in both Editions without extra charge. + + s. d. + Space of Four lines and under (body type) 2 6 + Each additional line up to Twenty 0 6 + +From the Official Stamp Returns published April 5, 1854, it appears that +during the three preceding years, 1851, 1852, and 1853, the Stamps supplied +to each of the undermentioned Journals gave them an average sale of-- + + GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND + AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE 6277 + Era 5500 + Wesleyan Times 5094 + Magnet 4705 + Examiner 4694 + Mark Lane Express 4500 + Evening Mail 4488 + Field 4409 + Morning Herald 4021 + Daily News 3910 + Guardian 3904 + Economist 3837 + British Banner 3798 + Record 3736 + Watchman 3681 + Nonconformist 2987 + Spectator 2856 + St. James's Chronicle 2844 + Morning Post 2652 + Sun 2539 + Morning Chronicle 2364 + Britannia 2329 + Express 2235 + Leader 2140 + Herapath's Journal 2066 + John Bull 2020 + Globe 1926 + Weekly News 1709 + United Service Gazette 1708 + Railway Times 1641 + Atlas 1479 + Standard 1456 + Naval and Military Gazette 1313 + Patriot 1304 + Gardeners' and Farmers' Journal 752 + +OFFICE FOR ADVERTISEMENTS AND COMMUNICATIONS, + +5. Upper Wellington Street, Covent Garden, London. + + * * * * * + + +SECOND-HAND BOOKS.--Gratis and Post Free, a New Catalogue of Good and Cheap +Books, on Sale by SOTHERAN & CO., 331. Strand (opposite Somerset House). +Libraries purchased. + + * * * * * + + +This Day, Cheaper Edition, Two Volumes, fcap. 8vo., 9s., + +FRIENDS IN COUNCIL. + +London: JOHN W. PARKER & SON, West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +THE CAMDEN SOCIETY for the Publication of Early Historical and Literary +Remains. + +The ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING will be held at the FREEMASON'S TAVERN, Great +Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields, on TUESDAY, MAY 2, at Four o'clock. +LORD BRAYBROOKE, the President, in the Chair. + + WILLIAM J. THOMS, Secretary. + + * * * * * + +The following are the Publications of the Society which have been issued +during the past year:-- + +I. PROMPTORIUM PARVULORUM: Tom. II. Edited by ALBERT WAY, Esq., M.A., +F.S.A. + +II. REGULAE INCLUSARUM: THE ANCREN REWLE. A Treatise on the Rules and +Duties of Monastic Life, in the Anglo-Saxon Dialect of the 13th Century. +Edited by the REV. JAMES MORTON, B.D., Prebendary of Lincoln. + +III. LETTERS OF THE LADY BRILLIANA HARLEY: 1625-1643. Edited by the REV. T. +T. LEWIS, M.A. + +IV. THE HOUSEHOLD ROLL OF RICHARD SWINFIELD, BISHOP OF HEREFORD, 18 Edw. I. +Vol. I. Edited by the REV. JOHN WEBB, M.A., F.S.A. + + * * * * * + +The Subscription to the Society is 1l. per annum, which becomes due on the +1st of May. + +Communications from gentlemen desirous of becoming Members may be addressed +to the Secretary, or to MESSRS. NICHOLS, No. 25. Parliament Street, +Westminster; by whom the Subscriptions are received. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, with ten coloured Engravings, price 5s., + +NOTES ON AQUATIC MICROSCOPIC SUBJECTS OF NATURAL HISTORY, selected from the +"Microscopic Cabinet." By ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I. + +Also, in 8vo., pp. 720, plates 24, price 21s., or coloured, 36s., + +A HISTORY OF INFUSORIAL ANIMALCULES, Living and Fossil, containing +Descriptions of every species, British and Foreign, the methods of +procuring and viewing them, &c., illustrated by numerous Engravings. By +ANDREW PRITCHARD, M.R.I. + + "There is no work extant in which so much valuable information + concerning Infusoria (Animalcules) can be found, and every Microscopist + should add it to his library."--_Silliman's Journal._ + +London: WHITTAKER & CO., Ave Maria Lane. + + * * * * * + + +SMEE'S BINOCULAR PERSPECTIVE PHOTOGRAPHS.--A full account of the mode of +taking these extraordinary Likenesses in "Smee on the Eye," just published, +price 5s. + +HORNE, THORNTHWAITE & WOOD, 123. Newgate Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +{390} + +THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CLXXXVIII., is published THIS DAY. + + CONTENTS: + I. LAURENCE STERNE. + II. SACRED GEOGRAPHY. + III. THE WHIG PARTY. + IV. THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE. + V. CRIMINAL LAW DIGEST. + VI. THE TURKS AND THE GREEKS. + VII. TREASURES OF ART IN BRITAIN. + VIII. NEW REFORM BILL. + +JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street. + + * * * * * + + +Now ready, No. VI., 2s. 6d., published Quarterly. + +RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW (New Series); consisting of Criticisms upon, Analyses +of, and Extracts from, Curious, Useful, Valuable, and Scarce Old Books. + +Vol. I., 8vo., pp. 436, cloth 10s. 6d., is also ready. + +JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square, London. + + * * * * * + + +NORTH BRITISH REVIEW. No. XLI. MAY. Price 6s. + + CONTENTS. + I. THE PLURALITY OF WORLDS. + II. BRITISH AND CONTINENTAL CHARACTERISTICS. + III. THE UNION WITH ENGLAND AND SCOTTISH NATIONALITY. + IV. CHRISTIANITY IN THE SECOND CENTURY, AND THE CHRISTIAN EVIDENCES. + V. THE ART OF EDUCATION. + VI. RUSKIN AND ARCHITECTURE, PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE. + VII. PROFESSOR FORBES AND MR. LLOYD IN SCANDINAVIA. + VIII. AUGUSTE COMTE AND POSITIVISM. + +Edinburgh: W. P. KENNEDY. London: HAMILTON, ADAMS, & CO. Dublin: J. +McGLASHAN. + + * * * * * + + +SIR ARCHIBALD ALISON'S NEW HISTORY. + +THE HISTORY OF EUROPE, from the Fall of Napoleon to the Accession of Louis +Napoleon, in Five Vols. 8vo. Price 15s. each. Vols. I. and II. are +published. + +The THIRD VOLUME, to be published in May, will contain: + +Asia Minor, Greece, Turkey, in 1821--The Greek Revolution, Battle of +Navarino, and Establishment of Greek Independence--The war between Russia +and Turkey, 1827-1829--France to the Revolution of 1830, &c. &c. + +WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh and London. + + * * * * * + + +MISS STRICKLAND'S SCOTTISH QUEENS. + +This Day is published, a Second Edition of Vols. I. and II. of + +LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, AND ENGLISH PRINCESSES connected with the +Regal Succession of Great Britain. By AGNES STRICKLAND. + +The Volumes published contain:--1. Life of Margaret Tudor, Magdalene of +France, and Mary of Lorraine. 2. 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By WILLIAM SIDNEY GIBSON, Esq., F.S.A.--THIRD SERIES: +Comprising Visits to Naworth Castle, Lanercost Priory, and Corby Castle, in +Cumberland: the ruined Monasteries of Brinkburn, Jarrow, and Tynemouth; +Bishop Middleham, and the Town of Hartlepool; Newcastle-on-Tyne, and Durham +Cathedral. + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +Now ready, in 16mo., price 1s. + +MOROCCO, its PRESENT STATE: A Chapter of Mussulman Civilisation. By XAVIER +DURRIEU. Forming Part 60 of the "Traveller's Library." + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, in fcp. 8vo., price, in cloth, 6s. + +THE STATISTICAL COMPANION for 1854: exhibiting the most interesting Facts +in Moral and Intellectual, Vital, Economical, and Political Statistics, at +Home and Abroad. Compiled by T. C. BANFIELD, Esq. + +London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS. + + * * * * * + + +ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of +upwards of 100 articles, consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, +Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and +other travelling requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on +receipt of Two Stamps. + +MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their +Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new +Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles +of the kind ever produced. + +J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +CHUBB'S LOCKS, with all the recent improvements. Strong fire-proof safes, +cash and deed boxes. Complete list of sizes and prices may be had on +application. + +CHUBB & SON, 57. St. Paul's Churchyard, London; 28. Lord Street, Liverpool; +16. Market Street, Manchester; and Horseley Fields, Wolverhampton. + + * * * * * + + +ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE. MESSRS. S. ALLSOPP & SONS beg to inform the +TRADE that they are now registering Orders for the March Brewings of their +PALE ALE in Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the BREWERY, +Burton-on-Trent; and at the under-mentioned Branch Establishments: + + LONDON, at 61. King William Street, City. + LIVERPOOL, at Cook Street. + MANCHESTER, at Ducie Place. + DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree. + GLASGOW, at 115. St. Vincent Street. + DUBLIN, at 1. Crampton Quay. + BIRMINGHAM, at Market Hall. + SOUTH WALES, at 13. King Street, Bristol. + +MESSRS. ALLSOPP & SONS take the opportunity of announcing to PRIVATE +FAMILIES that their ALES, so strongly recommended by the Medical +Profession, may be procured in DRAUGHT and BOTTLES GENUINE from all the +most RESPECTABLE LICENSED VICTUALLERS, on "ALLSOPP'S PALE ALE" being +specially asked for. + +When in bottle, the genuineness of the label can be ascertained by its +having "ALLSOPP & SONS" written across it. + + * * * * * + + +{391} + +_LONDON, SATURDAY, APRIL 23, 1854._ + +Notes. + +CURIOUS OLD PAMPHLET. + +Grubbing among old pamphlets, the following has turned up: + + "A Fragment of an Essay towards the most ancient Histories of the Old + and New Worlds, connected. Intended to be carried on in four Parts or + Aeras. That is, from the Creation of all Things to the Time of the + Deluge: thence to the Birth of Abraham: from that Period to the Descent + of Jacob and his Family into Egypt: and, lastly, to the Time of the + Birth of Moses. Attempted to be executed in Blank Verse, 8vo. pp. 59. + Printed in the year 1765." + +This Miltonic rhapsody supposes Adam, when verging on his nine hundreth +year, to have assembled his descendants to a kind of jubilee, when +sacrifices, and other antediluvian solemnities, being observed, "Seth, the +pious son of his comfort, gravely arose, and, after due obedience to the +first of men, humbly beseeched the favour to have their memories refreshed +by a short history of the marvellous things in the beginning." Then Adam +thus:--Hereupon the anonymous author puts into the mouth of the great +progenitor of the human race a history of the Creation, in blank verse, in +accordance with the Mosaic and orthodox account. Concluding his revelations +without reference to the Fall, Seth would interrogate their aged sire upon +what followed thence, when Adam excuses himself from the painful recital by +predicting the special advent in after times of a mind equal to that task: + + "But of this Fall, this heart-felt, deep-felt lapse, + This Paradise thus lost, no mortal man + Shall sing which lives on earth. + Far distant hence + In farther distant times, fair Liberty + Shall reign, queen of the Seas, and lady of + The Isles; nay, sovereign of the world's repose. + And Peace! + In her a mighty genius shall + Arise, of high ethereal mould, great in + Renown, sublime, superior far to praise + Of sublunary man--or Fame herself. + Though blind to all things here on earth below, + The heav'ns of heav'ns themselves shall he explore, + And soar on high with strong, with outstretched wings! + There sing of marvels not to be conceived, + Express'd, or thought by any but himself!" + +This curious production is avowedly from the other side of the Tweed, and I +would ask if its paternity is known to any of your antiquarian +correspondents there or here. + +The Fragment is preceded by a very remarkable Preface, containing "some +reasons why this little piece has thus been thrown off in such a loose and +disorderly manner;" among which figure the desire "to disperse a parcel of +them gratis,--because they are, perhaps, worth nothing; that nobody may pay +for his folly but himself; that, if his Fragment is damned, which it +probably may be, he will thenceforth drop any farther correspondence with +Adam, Noah, Abraham, &c.; and, lastly, that he may be benefited by the +criticisms upon its faults and failings, while he himself lurks cunningly +behind the curtain. But if, after all," says the facetious author, "this +little northern urchin shall chance to spring forward under the influence +of a more southern and warmer sun, the author will then endeavour to bring +his goods to market as plump, fresh, and fair as the soil will admit." + +I presume, however, the public did not call for any of the farther +instalments promised in the title. + +J. O. + + * * * * * + +ERRATA IN PRINTED BIBLES. + +Mr. D'Israeli, in his _Curiosities of Literature_, has an article entitled +"The Pearl Bibles and Six Thousand Errata," in which he gives some notable +specimens of the blunders perpetrated in the printing of Bibles in earlier +times. The great demand for them prompted unscrupulous persons to supply it +without much regard to carefulness or accuracy; and, besides, printers were +not so expert as at the present day. + + "The learned Ussher," Mr. D'Israeli tells us, "one day hastening to + preach at Paul's Cross, entered the shop of one of the stationers, as + booksellers were then called, and inquiring for a Bible of the London + edition, when he came to look for his text, to his astonishment and his + horror he discovered that the verse was omitted in the Bible! This gave + the first occasion of complaint to the king, of the insufferable + negligence and incapacity of the London press; and first bred that + great contest which followed between the University of Cambridge and + the London stationers, about the right of printing Bibles." + +Even during the reign of Charles I., and in the time of the Commonwealth, +the manufacture of spurious Bibles was carried on to an alarming extent. +English Bibles were fabricated in Holland for cheapness, without any regard +to accuracy. Twelve thousand of these (12mo.) Bibles, with notes, were +seized by the King's printers as being contrary to the statute; and a large +impression of these Dutch-English Bibles were burned, by order of the +Assembly of Divines, for certain errors. The Pearl (24mo.) Bible, printed +by Field, in 1653, contains some scandalous blunders;--for instance, +Romans, vi. 13.: "Neither yield ye your members as instruments of +_righteousness_ unto sin"--for _unrighteousness_. 1 Cor. vi. 9.: "Know ye +not that {392} the unrighteous _shall inherit_ the kingdom of God?"--for +_shall not inherit_. + +The printer of Miles Coverdale's Bible, which was finished in 1535, and of +which only two perfect copies, I believe, are known to exist--one in the +British Museum, the other in the library of the Earl of Jersey--deserves +some commendation for his accuracy. At the end of the New Testament is the +following solitary erratum: + + "A faute escaped in pryntyng the New Testament. Upon the fourth leafe, + the first syde in the sixth chapter of S. Mathew, 'Seke ye first the + kingdome of heaven,' read, 'Seke ye first the kingdome of God.'" + +ABHBA. + + * * * * * + +IMPOSSIBILITIES OF HISTORY. + +"That unworthy hand." + +I am not aware that the fact of Cranmer's holding his right hand in the +flames till it was consumed has been questioned. Fox says: + + "He stretched forth his right hand into the flames, and there held it + so stedfast that all the people might see it burnt to a coal before his + body was touched."--P. 927. ed. Milner, London, 1837, 8vo. + +Or, as the passage is given in the last edition,-- + + "And when the wood was kindled, and the fire began to burn near him, he + put his right hand into the flame, which he held so stedfast and + immovable (saving that once with the same hand he wiped his face), that + all men might see his hand burned before his body was touched."--_Acts + and Monuments_, ed. 1839, vol. viii. p. 90. + +Burnet is more circumstantial: + + "When he came to the stake he prayed, and then undressed himself: and + being tied to it, as the fire was kindling, he stretched forth his + right hand towards the flame, never moving it, save that once he wiped + his face with it, till it was burnt away, which was consumed before the + fire reached his body. He expressed no disorder from the pain he was + in; sometimes saying, 'That unworthy hand;' and oft crying out, 'Lord + Jesus, receive my spirit.' He was soon after quite burnt."--_Hist. of + the Reformation_, vol. iii. p. 429., ed. 1825. + +Hume says: + + "He stretched out his hand, and, without betraying either by his + countenance or motions the least sign of weakness, or even feeling, he + held it in the flames till it was entirely consumed."--Hume, vol. iv. + p. 476. + +It is probable that Hume believed this, for while Burnet states positively +as a fact, though only inferentially as a miracle, that "the heart was +found entire and unconsumed among the ashes," Hume says, "it was pretended +that his heart," &c. + +I am not about to discuss the character of Cranmer: a timid man might have +been roused under such circumstances into attempting to do what it is said +he did. The laws of physiology and combustion show that he could not have +gone beyond the attempt. If a furnace were so constructed, that a man might +hold his hand in the flame without burning his body, the shock to the +nervous system would deprive him of all command over muscular action before +the skin could be "entirely consumed." If the hand were chained over the +fire, the shock would produce death. + +In this case the fire was unconfined. Whoever has seen the effect of flame +in the open air, must know that the vast quantity sufficient entirely to +consume a human hand, must have destroyed the life of its owner; though, +from a peculiar disposition of the wood, the vital parts might have been +protected. + +The entire story is utterly impossible. May we, guided by the words "as the +fire was kindling," believe that he _then_ thrust his right hand into the +flame--a practice I believe not unusual with our martyrs, and peculiarly +suitable to him--and class the "holding it till consumed" with the whole +and unconsumed heart? + +I may observe that in the accounts of martyrdoms little investigation was +made as to what was possible. Burnet, describing Hooper's execution, says, +"one of his hands fell off before he died, with the other he continued to +knock on his breast some time after." This, I have high medical authority +for saying, could not be. + +H. B. C. + +U. U. Club. + + * * * * * + +UNREGISTERED PROVERBS. + +In Mr. Trench's charming little book on _Proverbs_, 2nd ed., p. 31., he +remarks: + + "There are not a few (proverbs), as I imagine, which, living on the + lips of men, have yet never found their way into books, however worthy + to have done so; either because the sphere in which they circulate has + continued always a narrow one, or that the occasions which call them + out are very rare, or that they, having only lately risen up, have not + hitherto attracted the attention of any one who cared to record them. + It would be well, if such as take an interest in the subject, and are + sufficiently well versed in the proverbial literature of their own + country to recognise such unregistered proverbs when they meet them, + would secure them from that perishing, which, so long as they remain + merely oral, might easily overtake them; and would make them at the + same time, what all _good_ proverbs ought certainly to be, the common + heritage of all." + + "_Note._--The pages of the excellent _Notes and Queries_ would no doubt + be open to receive such, and in them they might be safely garnered up," + &c. + +I trust this appeal of Mr. Trench's will be at once responded to by both +the editor and correspondents of this periodical. With the former {393} +must rest the responsibility of withholding from reproduction any proverbs, +which though sent him as novelties, may be already registered in the +recognised collections. + +Mr. Trench's first contribution to this _bouquet_ of the wild flowers of +proverbial lore is the following, from Ireland: + + "'_The man on the dyke always hurls well._' The looker on," says Mr. + Trench in explanation, "at a game of hurling, seated indolently on the + wall, always imagines that he could improve on the strokes of the + actual players, and if you will listen to him, would have played the + game much better than they, a proverb of sufficiently wide + application."--P. 32. + +Each proverb sent in should be accompanied with a statement of the class +among whom, or the locality in which, it is current. The index to "N. & Q." +should contain a reference to every proverb published in its pages, under +the head of _Unregistered Proverbs_, or _Proverbs_ only. Correspondents +should bear in mind the essential requisite of a proverb, _currency_. Curt, +sharp sayings might easily be multiplied; what is wanted, however, is a +collection of such only as have that prerequisite of admission into the +ranks of recognised proverbs. And while contributors should not lose sight +of "the stamp of merit," as that which renders the diffusion of proverbs +beneficial to mankind, still they should not reject a genuine proverb for +want of that characteristic, remembering that,-- + + "'Tween man and man, they weight not every stamp; + Though light, take pieces for the _figure's_ sake." + +And that the mere _form_ of a proverb often affords some indication of its +age and climate, even where the _matter_ is spurious. I have a large MS. +collection of English proverbs by me, from which I doubt not I shall be +able to extract some few which have never yet been admitted into any +published collection. Of these at some future time. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + + [We shall be happy to do all in our power to carry out this very + excellent suggestion.--Ed. "N. & Q."] + + * * * * * + +MR. JUSTICE TALFOURD. + +The noble sentiments uttered by Justice Talfourd in his last moments gave a +charm to his sudden death, and shed a hallowed beauty about the painfully +closing scenes of this great man. I want them to have a niche in "N. & Q.," +and along with them a passage from his beautiful tragedy of _Ion_, which +may be considered as a transcript of those thoughts which filled his mind +on the very eve of quitting the high and honourable duties of his earthly +course. It forcibly illustrates the loving soul, the kind heart, and the +amiable character of this deeply lamented judge. + +After speaking of the peculiar aspect of crime in that part of the country +where he delivered his last charge, he goes on to say: + + "I cannot help myself thinking it may be in no small degree + attributable to that separation between class and class, which is the + great curse of British society, and for which we are all, more or less, + in our respective spheres, in some degree responsible, and which is + more complete in these districts than in agricultural districts, where + the resident gentry are enabled to shed around them the blessings + resulting from the exercise of benevolence, and the influence and + example of active kindness. I am afraid we all of us keep too much + aloof from those beneath us, and whom we thus encourage to look upon us + with suspicion and dislike. Even to our servants we think, perhaps, we + fulfil our duty when we perform our contract with them--when we pay + them their wages, and treat then with the civility consistent with our + habits and feelings--when we curb our temper, and use no violent + expressions towards them. But how painful is the thought, that there + are men and women growing up around us, ministering to our comforts and + necessities, continually inmates of our dwellings, with whose + affections and nature we are as much unacquainted as if they were the + inhabitants of some other sphere. This feeling, arising from that kind + of reserve peculiar to the English character, does, I think, greatly + tend to prevent that mingling of class with class, that reciprocation + of kind words and gentle affections, gracious admonitions and kind + inquiries, which often, more than any book-education, tend to the + culture of the affections of the heart, refinement and elevation of the + character of those to whom they are addressed. And if I were to be + asked what is the great want of English society--to mingle class with + class--I would say, in one word, the want is the want of sympathy." + +Act I. Sc. 2. After Clemanthe has told Ion that, forsaking all within his +house, and risking his life with strangers, he can do but little for their +aid, Ion replies: + + "It is little: + But in these sharp extremities of fortune, + The blessings which the weak and poor can scatter + Have their own season. 'Tis a little thing + To give a cup of water; yet its draught + Of cool refreshment, drain'd by fever'd lips, + May give a shock of pleasure to the frame + More exquisite than when nectarean juice + Renews the life of joy in happiest hours. + It is a little thing to speak a phrase + Of common comfort, which, by daily use, + Has almost lost its sense; yet, on the ear + Of him who thought to die unmourn'd, 'twill fall + Like choicest music; fill the glazing eye + With gentle tears; relax the knotted hand + To know the bonds of fellowship again; + And shed on the departing soul a sense, + More precious than the benison of friends + About the honour'd death-bed of the rich, + {394} + To him who else were lonely, that another + Of the great family is near and feels." + +The analogy is as beautiful as it is true. + +H. M. BEALBY. + +North Brixton. + +Before this talented judge was advanced to the bench, he amused himself and +instructed his clients by occasional _metrical_ notes, of which the annexed +is a specimen. To make it intelligible to those whom it may _not_ concern, +I must add an explanation by the attorney in the suit, who has obligingly +placed the learned serjeant's notes at my disposal. This gentleman says: +"These notes are in the margin of a brief held by the serjeant as leading +counsel in an action of ejectment brought against a person named Rock, in +1842. In converting into rhyme the evidence of the witness Hopkins, as set +out in the brief, he has adhered strictly to the statements, whilst he has +at the same time seized the prominent points of the testimony as supporting +the case." + + John Hopkins will identify the spot, + Unless his early sports are quite forgot, + And from his youngest recollection show + The house fell down some forty years ago. + And then--a case of adverse claim to meet, + Show how the land lay open to the street; + And there the children held their harmless rambles, + Till Robert Woolwich built his odious shambles, + And never did the playmates fear a shock, + From anything so hateful as a _Rock_. + +Perhaps the above may elicit from other quarters similar contributions; +indeed, any memorial of the friend of Charles Lamb must be precious to the +Muse. + +T. J. BUCKTON. + +Lichfield. + + * * * * * + +THE SCREW PROPELLER. + +In 1781, when the steam engine, only recently improved by Watt, was merely +applied to the more obvious purposes of mine drainage and the like, Darwin, +in his _Botanic Garden_, wrote-- + + "Soon shall thy arm, unconquer'd Steam! afar + Drag the slow barge, or drive the rapid car." + +And in an appended note prophecies that the new agent might "in time be +applied to the rowing of barges, and the moving of carriages along the +road." The ingenious chronicler of the "loves of the plants," however, was +in no doubt, when he wrote, aware of the experiments of D'Auxiron, Perier, +and De Jouffroy; those prosecuted at Dalswinton and in America were some +years later, about 1787-8 I think. But in another and less widely known +poem by the same author, the _Temple of Nature_, published in 1802, there +occurs a very complete anticipation of one of the most important +applications of science to navigation, which may prove as novel and +striking to some of your readers as it did to me. It is, indeed, a +remarkable instance of scientific prevision. In a note to line 373, canto +ii. of the poem, the author sets out with, "The progressive motion of fish +beneath the water is produced principally by the undulation of their +tails;" and after giving the _rationale_ of the process, he goes on to say +that "this power seems to be better adapted to push forward a body in the +water than the oars of boats;" concluding with the query, "Might not some +machinery resembling the tails of fish be placed behind a boat so as to be +moved with greater effect than common oars, by the force of wind or steam?" + +ANON. + + * * * * * + +ANCIENT CHATTEL-PROPERTY IN IRELAND. + +The Memoranda Roll of the Exchequer, 4 & 5 Edward II., membrane 14., +contains a list of the chattel-property of Richard de Fering, Archbishop of +Dublin, which had been sold by Master Walter de Istelep, the custos of said +See, for the sum of 112l. 10s. 9-3/4d. sterling, consisting, amongst other +things, of-- + + iij affr', price xijs. + xiij bobus, iiij_li_. vs. + xlvij acr' warrectan' & rebinand' ibidem, lxxs. vjd. + ij carucis cum apparatu, iiijs. + v crannoc' frumenti ad semen & liberationes famulorum ibidem sibi + venditis per predictum custodem, xxijs. vjd. + xj crannoc', iij bussellis aven', xxxixs. iijd. + iij carucis cum apparatu, vjs. + +The chattel-property of Sir James Delahyde is set forth upon the Memoranda +Roll 3 & 4 Rich. II., mem. 3. _dorso_, and is as follows: + + "Unu' collobiu' de rubio scarleto duplucat' c[=u] panno rubio, unu' + collobiu' duplex de sanguineto et Bukhorn', unu' collobi[=u] duplex, de + sanguineto et nigro, unu' gip' de serico auro int'text furrat' c[=u] + menivero, unu' gyp' de rubio et nigro furrat' cu' calibir', unu' gyp' + furrat cu' grys, unu' paltok' de nigro serico, unu' paltok de nigro + panno, unu' paltok' de nigro Bustian, duo cap'icia, una' pec' de rubio + Wyrset, unam pec' de nigro Wyrset, una' pec' panni linei vocat' + Westenale, quinq; pec' Aule pro camera & Aula, tres curtynis c[=u] uno + celuro de rubio Wyrset, quinq; mappas, duas pelves c[=u] lavatorio & + quatuor p'ia secular'." + +Upon the attainder of William Fytzhenry of Dublin, "Capytayn," in the reign +of Edward VI., it was found by inquisition that he had "unum torquem aureum +ponder' septem uncias d[=i]," put in pledge for 20l., and worth 22l. +sterling. In this reign "quinque vasa vocat' fyrkyns de prunis" each worth +6s. 8d.; a firkin of wine, 5s., "a fyrkyn de aceto," 6s. 8d.; "quinque +tycks", worth 11s. 8d. each; and "duas duodenas cultellorum," worth 4s., +{395} were brought to Dublin from St. Mallow in Brittany. In this reign +also 200 "grossos arbores," near Drogheda, were valued at 16l.; 18 "porcos" +were worth 40s.; 3 "modios frumenti" worth 20s.; and 5 "lagenas butteri," +20s. During this reign a sum of 300l. was paid out of the Treasury to Sir +William Seyntloo, for the purpose of fortifying, &c. the Castle of Dyngham, +called "The Governor of Offayley," of which sum he paid to Matthew Lynete, +the Clerk of the Ordnance,-- + + For the hire of 4 carts from Dublin to the forte, 28th December, 71s. + 1-1/2d. ster. + + 3 other carts from Dublin to the sayd forte, 27th March, 2 Edw. VI., + 40s. + + The carters that came from Dublin to the forte, 15th January and 19th + April, 2 Edw. VI., for the hire of 4 cartes by the space of 6 dayes, + 53s. 4d. + +In the 6 Edward VI. the goods of Thomas Rothe of Kilkenny, merchant, which +were seized by a searcher at Waterford, consisted of "30 pecias auri vocat' +Crussades," and "un' wegge argenti ponderant' xvj uncias argenti precij +cujuslibet uncie, 4s." + +In the same year the property of Andrew Tyrrell, a merchant of Athboy, +consisted of-- + + Unam fardellam sive paccam, containing _Sterling._ + unam peciam de lychefeldkerfeys, price 36s. + Unam peciam de greneclothe 4l. + Di' duoden' pellium vocat' red leese 3s. 4d. + 2 duoden' de orphell skynnes 8s. 4d. + 6 duoden' de Rosell gyrdels 12s. + Sex libr' de Brymstone 2s. + 3 dudoen' de playng cardes 10s. + Un' gross' de fyne knyves 48s. + 26 libr' cerici voc' sylke 8l. 13s. 4d. + Un' gross' de red poynts [104s. or 4s.] + Un' duoden' de pennars [102s. or 2s.] + Sex libr' de bykeres 102s. + 1000 pynnes 20d. + Sex rubeas crumenas 2s. + Un' bagam de droggs 4s. + Un' burden' de stele 3s. + Sex boxes de comfetts 12s. + 6 duoden' de lokyng glasses 18d. + Un' bolte de threde 2s. 8d. + Duas fyrkins de soketts 5s. + Duas duoden' de combes 12d. + 2 lb. of packethrede 6d. + 1 doz. of great bells 16d. + One payre of ballaunce 8d. + One piece of red cloth 4l. + +In Queen Mary's time, in Ireland, a yard of black velvet was valued at 20s. +sterling; a yard of purple-coloured damask, at 13s. 4d. sterling; and a +yard of tawny-coloured damask, at 10s. sterling. + +The foregoing have been taken from the ancient records of the Irish +Exchequer. + +JAMES F. FERGUSON. + +Dublin. + + * * * * * + +BISHOP ATTERBURY. + +I have observed in some former Numbers of "N. & Q.," that an interest has +been manifested in regard to the writings, and especially to the letters, +of this prelate. It may therefore be interesting to your readers to be +informed, that an original painting, and perhaps the only one, of the +Bishop, is preserved at Trelawny House in Cornwall; and from its close +resemblance to the engraved portrait which is found in his works, I have no +doubt it is that from which that likeness was taken. There are also several +letters in the handwriting of Bishop Atterbury among the documents +preserved in the collection at that ancient mansion. That this portrait and +the letters should be preserved at Trelawny, is explained by the fact, that +before his elevation to the episcopal bench, Dr. Atterbury was chaplain to +Bishop Trelawny. + +J. C. + +Lines by Bishop Atterbury on Mr. Harley being stabbed by Guiscard: + + "Devotum ut cordi sensit sub pectore ferrum, + Immoto Harlaeus saucius ore stetit. + Dum tamen huic laeta gratatur voce senatus, + Confusus subito pallor in ore sedet. + O pudor! O virtus! partes quam dignus utrasque + Sustinuit, vultu dispare, laude pari." + +I found these lines written on the back of an odd volume of Atterbury's +_Sermons_. Most likely they have already appeared in print. + +E. H. A. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +"_Milton Blind._"--A little poem bearing this title, and commencing,-- + + "Though I am old and blind," + +is said to have been included in an edition of the poet's works recently +published at Oxford. It was written by Miss Lloyd, a lady of this city, a +short time ago. + +UNEDA. + +Philadelphia. + +_Hydropathy._--For a long time, I believe in common with many others, I +have imagined that the water cure is of late origin, and that we are +indebted for it to Germany, to which we look for all novel quackeries (good +and bad) in medicine and theology. This belief was put to flight a short +time ago by a pamphlet which I discovered among others rare and curious. It +is entitled _Curiosities of Common Water, or the Advantages thereof in +preventing and curing many Distempers_. The price of the pamphlet was one +shilling, and the author rejoices in the name of John Smith. After his name +follows a motto, the doctrine of which it {396} is the duty of all licensed +to kill according to law strenuously to protest against both by argument +and practice: + + "That's the best physick which doth cure our ills + Without the charge of pothecaries pills." + +E. W. J. + +Crawley. + +_Cassie._--MR. M. A. LOWER (a correspondent of "N. & Q."), in his _Essays +on English Surnames_ (see vol. ii. p. 63.), quotes from a brochure on +Scottish family names. He seems, from a footnote, to be in difficulty about +the word _cassie._ May I suggest to him that it is a corruption of +"causeway?" + +The "causeway" is, in Scotch towns, an usual name for a particular street; +and of a man's surname, his place of residence is a most common source of +derivation. + +W. T. M. + +_The Duke of Wellington._--Lord de Grey, in his _Characteristics of the +Duke of Wellington_, pp. 171, 172., gives the following extract from the +despatches published by Colonel Gurwood, and refers to vol. viii. p. 292. + + "It would undoubtedly be better if _language_ of this description were + never used, and if officers placed as you were could correct errors and + neglect in _language, which should not hurt the feelings_ of the person + addressed, and without vehemence." + +Compare this passage with the following advice which Don Quixote gives to +Sancho Panza before he sets off to take possession of his government: + + "Al che has de castigar con obras, no trates mal con palabras, pues le + basta al desdichado la pena del suplicio sin la anadidura de las malas + rezones."--Part II. ch. xlii. + +See translation of _Don Quixote_ by Jarvis, vol. iv. b. III. ch. x. p. +76.[1] + +The very depreciatory terms in which the Emperor Napoleon used to speak of +the Duke of Wellington as a general is well known. The following extract +from Forsyth's _Napoleon at St. Helena and Sir Hudson Lowe_, appears to me +worthy of being brought under the notice of the readers of "N. & Q.:" + + "After the governor had left the house (upon the death of Napoleon he + had gone to the house of the deceased with Major Gorrequer to make an + inventory of and seal up his papers), Count Montholon called back Major + Gorrequer to ask him a question, and he mentioned that he had been + searching for a paper dictated to him by Napoleon a long time + previously, and which he was sorry he could not find, as it was a + _eulogium on the Duke of Wellington_, in which Napoleon had spoken in + the highest terms of praise of the military conduct of the Duke."--See + vol. iii. p. 299. + +J. W. FARRER. + +[Footnote 1: Jarvis translates the passage in _Don Quixote_,--"Him you are +to punish with deeds, do no evil; intreat with words, for the pain of the +punishment is enough for the wretch to bear, without the addition of +ill-language."] + +_Romford Jury._--The following entry appears on the court register of the +Romford Petty Sessions (in Havering Liberty) for the year 1730, relating to +the trial of two men charged with an assault on Andrew Palmer. As a curious +illustration of the manner in which justice was administered in country +parts in "the good old times," I think it may be interesting to the readers +of "N. & Q." + + "The jury could not for several hours agree on their verdict, seven + being inclinable to find the defendants guilty, and the others not + guilty. It was therefore proposed by the foreman to put twelve + shillings in a hat, and hustle most heads or tails, whether guilty or + not guilty. The defendants, therefore, were acquitted, the chance + happening in favour of not guilty." + +E. J. SAGE. + +_Edward Law (Lord Ellenborough), Chief Justice._--J. M.'s quotation of the +song in the _Supplement to the Court of Sessions Garland_ (Vol. ix., p. +221.), reminds me of the lines on Mr. Law's being made Chief Justice: + + "What signifies now, quirk, quibble, or flaw, + Since _Law_ is made _Justice_, seek justice from _Law_." + +W. COLLYNS. + +Drewsteignton. + +_Chamisso._--Chamisso, in his poem of "The Three Sisters," who, crushed +with misery, contended that each had the hardest lot, has this fine passage +by the last speaker: + + "In one brief sentence all my bitter cause + Of sorrow dwells--thou arbiter! oh, pause + Ere yet thy final judgment thou assign, + And learn my better right--too clearly proved. + Four words comprise it--I was never loved: + The palm of grief thou wilt allow is mine." + + "He knew humanity--there can be no grief like that grief. Death had + bereaved one sister of her lover--the second mourned over her fallen + idol's shame--the third exultingly says,-- + + 'Have they not lived and loved?'" + +The above is written in a beautiful Italian female hand on the fly-leaf-of +the _Basia_, 1775. + +E. D. + +_Dates of Maps._--It is very much to be wished that map-makers would always +affix to their maps the date of their execution; the want of this in the +maps of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge has often been an +annoyance to me, for it frequently happens that one or both of two maps +including the same district are without date, {397} and when they differ in +some of the minor details, it requires some time and trouble to find, from +other sources, which is the most modern, and therefore likely to be the +most accurate. + +J. S. WARDEN. + +_Walton._--The following cotemporary notice of the decease and character of +honest Isaac's son, is from a MS. Diary of the Rev. John Lewis, Rector of +Chalfield and Curate of Tilbury: + + "1719, Dec. 29. Mr. Canon Walton of Polshott died at Salisbury; he was + one of the members of the clergy club that meets at Melksham, and a + very pious, sober, learned, inoffensive, charitable, good man." + +E. D. + +_Whittington's Stone on Highgate Hill._--It is well that there is a "N. & +Q." to record the removal and disappearance of noted objects and relics of +antiquity, as one after another disappears before the destroying hand of +Time, and more ruthless and relentless spirit of enterprise. I have to ask +you on the present occasion to record the removal of Whittington's stone on +Highgate Hill. I discovered it as I strolled up the hill a few days since. +I was informed that it was removed about a fortnight since, and a +public-house is now being built where it stood. + +TEE BEE. + +_Turkey and France._--The following fact, taken from the foreign +correspondence of _The Times_, may suitably seek perpetuity in a corner of +"N. & Q." + + "I wish to mention a curious fact connected with the port of Toulon, + and with the long existing relations between France and Turkey, and + which I have not seen mentioned, although it is recorded in the + municipal archives of this town. In the year 1543, the sultan, Selim + II., at the request of the King of France, sent a large army and fleet + to his assistance, under the command of the celebrated Turkish admiral + Barbarossa, who, according to the record, was the grandson of a French + renegade. This army and fleet occupied the town and port of Toulon at + the express wish of Francis I., from the end of September 1543, to the + end of March 1544. And on this day, the last of March 1854, a French + army and fleet has sailed from the same port of Toulon to succour the + descendant of the Sultan Selim in his distress. What a remarkable + example of the rise and fall of empires!" + +It will not invalidate the force of the foregoing extract to state, that +Selim II. did not become sultan until 1566, and that it must have been his +father Suleyman (whom he succeeded) who came to the rescue of France in +1543. The same Turkish fleet was afterwards nearly annihilated by the +Venetians in 1571, at the battle of Lepanto. + +GEO. DYMOND. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +A FEMALE AIDE-MAJOR. + +The following is an extract from the letter of the French general, Custine, +to the National Convention, June 14, 1793: + + "My morality is attacked; it is found out that I have a _woman_ for my + aide-de-camp. Without pretending to be a Joseph, I know too well how to + respect myself, and the laws of public decency, ever to render myself + guilty of such an absurdity. I found in the army a woman under the + uniform of a volunteer bombardier, who, in fulfilling that duty at the + siege of Liege, had received a musket-ball in the leg. She presented + herself to the National Convention, desired to continue her military + service, and was admitted to the honours of the sitting. She was + afterwards sent by you, Representatives, to the Minister of War, who + gave her the rank of aide-major to the army. On my arrival here, the + representatives of the people, commissioners with this army, had + dismissed her. Her grief was extreme; and the phrenzy of her + imagination, and her love for glory, would have carried her to the last + extremity. I solicited the representatives of the people to leave her + that rank which her merit and wounds had procured her; and they + consented to it. This is the truth. She is not my aide-de-camp, but + _attached to the staff as aide-major_. Since that time I have never had + any public or private conversation with her."--From the _Political + State of Europe_, 1793, p. 164. + +Can any of your readers furnish me with the name and history of this French +heroine? + +JAMES. + +Philadelphia. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +"_Chintz Gowns._"--Tuesday, Jan. 9, 1768: + + "Two ladies were convicted before the Lord Mayor, in the penalty of + 5l., for wearing chintz gowns."--_Gentleman's Magazine_, vol. xxxviii. + p. 395. + +Can any other instances be given? + +INVESTIGATOR. + +"_Noctes Ambrosianae._"--Can any one inform me why the celebrated "Noctes +Ambrosianae" of Blackwood's _Magazine_ has never been printed in a separate +form in this country (I understand it has been so in America)? I should +think few republications would meet with a larger sale. + +S. WMSON. + +_B. Simmons._--Will you permit me to ask for a little information +respecting B. Simmons? I believe he was born in the county of Cork: for he +has sung, in most bewitching strains, his return to his native home on the +banks of the Funcheon. He was the writer of that great poem on the +"Disinterment of Napoleon," which appeared in _Blackwood_ some years ago. +He was a regular {398} poetical contributor to its pages for many years. He +held a situation in the Excise Office in London, and died there I believe +in July, 1852. + +What manner of man was he; young or old, married or single? Any information +respecting such a child of genius and of song must be interesting to those +who have ever read a line of his wondrous poems. To what other periodicals +did he contribute? + +ITH. + +_Green Stockings._--Is the custom of sending a pair of green stockings to +the eldest unmarried daughter of a family, upon the occasion of the +marriage of a younger sister, of English, Irish, or Scottish origin? + +L. A. + +_Nicholas Kieten._--In the thirteenth century, "there was a giant in +Holland named Nicholas Kieten, whose size was so prodigious, that he +carried men under his arms like little children. His shoe was so large, +that four men together could put their feet in it. Children were too +terrified to look him in the face, and fled from his presence." So says our +author; but he does not give the dimensions of Kieten. May not such a real +giant, in the thirteenth century, have laid the foundation of the fabulous +stories of giants that have for so many years been the favourite romances +of the nursery? Kieten appears to be the type of the giants of our modern +pantomimes. Will he serve as a key, to disclose the origin of these +marvellous stories and captivating absurdities? + +TIMON. + +_Warwickshire Badge._--Will you permit me to ask, through your journal, if +any of your readers can inform me whether the proper Warwickshire badge is +"the antelope" or "the bear and ragged staff?" The former is borne by the +6th regiment of the line, they being the Royal First Warwickshire. The +latter is borne by the 36th regiment of militia, they being the First +Warwickshire. This latter badge is also borne by the retainers of the Earls +of Warwick and Leicester; which latter county would seem to lay as much +claim to the bear and ragged staff as Warwick does. + +The county cannot well have both, or either; this makes me think that the +bear and ragged staff is not a _county_ badge, but pertains more properly +to the Earl of Warwick. + +ANTIQUARY. + +_Armorial._--Will any correspondent oblige me with the names to the +following coats: 1. Arg., three hares (or conies) gu. 2. Arg., on a bend +engrailed vert, between two bucks' heads cabossed sable, attired or, three +besants; a canton erminois. 3. Quarterly, per fesse indented sable and or. +4. Per pale sable and or, a cheveron between three escallop shells, all +counterchanged. 5. Gu., a lion rampant arg. Glover's _Ordinary of Arms_ +would, I think, answer the above Query; and if any of your _numerous_ +readers, who possess that valuable work, would refer to it in this case, +they would be conferring a favour on your constant subscriber, + +CID. + +Would any correspondent help me to the solution of the following case?--A. +was the _last_ and _only_ representative of an ancient family; he left at +his decease, some years ago, a daughter and heiress who married B. Can the +issue of B. (having no arms of their own) _legally_ use the arms, +quarterings, crest, and motto of A., without a license from the Heralds' +College? + +CID. + +_Lord Brougham and Horne Tooke._--In Lord Brougham's _Statesmen of the Time +of George III._, he says of Mr. Horne Tooke: + + "Thus he (H. T.) would hold that the law of libel was unjust and + absurd, because _libel_ means a little book." + +Can any of the readers of "N. & Q." say on what occasion Tooke maintained +this strange doctrine, or where his Lordship obtained his information that +Tooke did maintain it? + +Q. + +Bloomsbury. + +_Rileys of Forest Hill._--Can any of your correspondents inform me relative +to the arms and motto of the Rileys of (Forest Hill) Windsor, Berks, their +descent, &c.? + +J. M. R. + +_Fish "Lavidian."_--In some ancient acts of parliament mention is made of a +fish called "lavidian," and from the regulations made concerning it, it +appears to have been of such small size as to be capable of being caught in +the meshes of an ordinary net. But I cannot find that this name is +contained in any of the books of natural history, written by such authors +as Gesner or Rondeletius. Is it at this time a common name anywhere? Or can +any of your readers assist in determining the species? + +J. C. + +"_Poeta nascitur, non fit._"--Can any of your correspondents inform me who +is the author of the well-known saying-- + + "Poeta nascitur, non fit"? + +I have more than once seen it quoted as from Horace, but I have never been +able to find it in any classical author whose works I have examined. Cicero +expresses a similar sentiment in his oration for the poet Archias, cap. +viii.: + + "Atqui sic a summis hominibus eruditissimisque accepimus, ceterarum + rerum studia, et doctrina, et praeceptis, et arte constare: poetam + natura ipsa valere, et mentis viribus excitari, et quasi divino quodam + spiritu inflari." + +J. P. + +Boston, U.S.A. + +{399} + +_John Wesley and the Duke of Wellington._--It has always been understood +that the property bequeathed to the Colleys, who in consequence took the +surname of Wesley, afterwards altered to Wellesley, was offered to and +declined by the father of John Wesley, who would not allow his son to +accept the condition, a residence in Ireland, and the being adopted by the +legatee. Has there been a relationship ever proved between the founder of +the Methodists and the victor of Waterloo? + +PRESTONIENSIS. + +_Haviland_--Can any of your Plymouth correspondents give any information, +as tombs, in memory of persons of the name of Haviland, Havilland, or De +Havilland, existing in the churches of that place, of a date prior to A.D. +1688? Mention is made of such tombs as existing in a letter of that date in +my possession. Also, in what chronicle or history of the Conquest of +England, mention is made of a Sieur de Havilland, as having accompanied +Duke William from Normandy on that occasion? + +D. F. T. + +_Byron._--Will you kindly inform me, through the medium of your "N. & Q.," +whence the line "All went merry as a marriage bell" (in Byron's _Childe +Harold_) is derived? + +C. B. + +"_Rutabaga._"--What is the etymology of the word _rutabaga_? I have heard +one solution of it, but wish to ascertain whether there is any other. The +word is extensively used in the United States for Swedish turnips or +"Swedes." + +LUCCUS. + +_A Medal._--A family in this city possesses a silver medal granted to +Joseph Swift, a native of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, by the University of +Oxford or of Cambridge, of which the following is a description. It is +about two inches in diameter; on the face are the head and bust of Queen +Anne in profile, with an inscription setting forth her royal title, and on +the reverse a full-length figure of Britannia, with ships sailing and men +ploughing in the background, and this motto, "Compositis venerantur Annis." +The date is MDCCXIII. An explanation of the object of the medal is desired. + +OLDBUCK. + +Philadelphia. + +_The Black Cap._--Can any of your antiquarian legal readers inform me of +the origin of the custom of the judges putting on a black cap when +pronouncing sentence of death upon a criminal? I can find no illustration +of this peculiar custom in Blackstone, Stephens, or other constitutional +writers. + +F. J. G. + +_The Aboriginal Britons._--A friend of mine wants some information as to +the history, condition, manners, &c. of the Britons, prior to the arrival +of the Romans. What work, accessible to ordinary readers, supplies the best +compendium of what is known on this subject? The fullest account of which I +have, just now, any recollection, is contained in Milton's _History of +England_, included in an edition of Milton's _Prose Works_, three vols. +folio, Amsterdam, 1694. Is Milton's _History_ a work of any merit or +authority? + +H. MARTIN. + +Halifax. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries with Answers. + +"_Gossip._"--This word, in its obsolete sense, according no doubt to its +Saxon origin, means a sponsor, one who answers for a child in baptism, a +godfather. Its modern acceptation all know to be widely different. Can any +of your correspondents quote a passage or two from old English authors, +wherein its obsolete sense is preserved? + +N. L. J. + + [The word occurs in Chaucer, _The Wyf of Bathes Prologue_, v. 5825.: + + "And if I have a _gossib_, or a friend, + (Withouten gilt) thou chidest as a frend, + If that I walke or play into his hous." + + And in Spenser, _Faerie Queene_, b. i. c. 12.: + + "One mother, when as her foole-hardy child + Did come too neare, and with his talons play, + Halfe dead through feare, her little babe reuil'd, + And to her _gossips_ gan in counsell say." + + Master Richard Verstegan is more to the point: + + "Our Christian ancestors, understanding a spiritual affinity to grow + between the parents and such as undertooke for the child at baptisme, + called each other by the name of _Godsib_, which is as much as to say, + that they were _sib_ together, that is, _of kin_ together through God. + And the child, in like manner, called such his God-fathers, or + God-mothers."--_Restitution of Decayed Intelligence_, ch. vii. + +A quotation or two from that delightful old _gossip_, Mr. Pepys, will show +its use in the middle of the seventeenth century: + + "Lord's Day. With my wife to church. At noon dined nobly, ourselves + alone. After dinner, my wife and Mercer by coach to Greenwich, to be + _gossip_ to Mrs. Daniel's child. My wife much pleased with the + reception she had, and she was godmother, and did hold the child at the + font, and it is called John."--_Diary_, May 20, 1666. + + "Lord's Day. My wife and I to Mr. Martin's, where I find the company + almost all come to the christening of Mrs. Martin's child, a girl. + After sitting long, till the church was done, the parson comes, and + then we to christen the child. I was godfather, and Mrs. Holder (her + husband, a good man, I know well) and a pretty lady that waits, it + seems, on my Lady Bath at Whitehall, her name Mrs. Noble, were + godmothers. After the christening comes in the wine {400} and + sweetmeats, and then to prate and tattle, and then very good company + they were, and I among them. Here was Mrs. Burroughs and Mrs. Bales + (the young widow whom I led home); and having staid till the moon was + up, I took my pretty _gossip_ to Whitehall with us, and I saw her in + her lodging."--_Ibid._, Dec. 2, 1666.] + +_Humphry Repton._--To snatch from utter oblivion the once highly reputed +Humphry, the king of landscape gardeners, to whom many of our baronial +parks owe much of their picturesque beauty, and who, by the side of Sir +Joseph Paxton, would now most duly have taken knightful station in these +go-ahead days, I ask, in what publication was it, that in 1780, or +thereabouts, being an indefatigable attendant at all exhibitions and sales +of art, he, the said Humphry, was accustomed (as well able he was) to +enlighten the public upon what was passing in matters of art now nearly +three quarters of a century ago? Was it the _Bee_? Again, did he not, at +his death, leave two large volumes for publication, entitled _Recollections +of my Past Life_? Where are these? + +INQUEST. + + [The MS. collection of the late Humphry Repton, containing interesting + details of his public and private life, has been used by Mr. Loudon in + his biographical notice of Repton prefixed to the last edition of _The + Landscape Gardening_, 8vo., 1840. Mr. Loudon states that 'these papers + were left as a valued memorial for his children: it may be imagined, + therefore, that they contain details of a private nature, which would + be found devoid of interest to the world. Mr. Repton, indeed, possessed + a mind as keenly alive to the ludicrous, as it was open to all that was + excellent, in the variety of characters with whom his extensive + professional connexions brought him acquainted; and he did not fail to + observe and note down many curious circumstances and traits of + character, in themselves highly amusing, but, for obvious reasons, + unfit subjects for publication. Not one taint of satire or ill-nature, + however, ever sullied the wit which flowed spontaneously from a mind + sportive sometimes even to exuberance." His artistic critiques will be + found in the following works: _The Bee_: or, a Critique on the + Exhibition of Paintings at Somerset House, 1788, 8vo. _Variety_: a + Collection of Essays, 1788, 12mo. _The Bee_: a Critique on the + Shakspeare Gallery, 1789, 8vo. _Odd Whims_: being a republication of + some papers in Variety, with a Comedy and other Poems, 2 vols. 12mo., + 1804.] + +"_Oriel._"--I should be glad if any of your correspondents could inform me +of the origin of the term _oriel_, as applied to a window? It is not, I +believe, necessarily to the East. + +T. L. N. + +Jamaica. + + [_Oriol_, or _Oriel_, is a portico or court; also a small room near the + hall in monasteries, where particular persons dined. (Blount's + _Glossog._) Du Cange says, "_Oriolum_, porticus, atrium;" and quotes + Matthew Paris for it. Supposed by some to be a diminutive from _area_ + or _areola_. "In modern writings," says Nares, "we meet with mention of + _Oriel_ windows. I doubt the propriety of the expression; but, if + right, they must mean those windows that project like a porch, or small + room. At St. Albans was an _oriel_, or apartment for persons not so + sick as to retire to the infirmary. (Fosbroke's _Brit. Monachism_, vol. + ii. p. 160.) I may be wrong in my notion of _oriel_ window, but I have + not met with ancient authority for that expression. Cowel conjectured + that _Oriel_ College, in Oxford, took its name from some such room or + portico. There is a remarkable portico, in the farther side of the + first quadrangle, but not old enough to have given the name. It might, + however, be only the successor of one more ancient, and more exactly an + _oriel_." For articles on the disputed derivation of this term, which + seems involved in obscurity, see Parker's _Glossary of Architecture_; a + curious paper by Mr. Hamper, in _Archaeologia_, vol. xxiii.; and + _Gentleman's Magazine_ for Nov. 1823, p. 424., and March, 1824, p. + 229.] + +"_Orchard._"--Professor Martyn, in his Notes on Virgil's _Georgics_, seems +to be of opinion that the English word "orchard" is derived from the Greek +[Greek: orchatos], which Homer uses to express the garden of Alcinous; and +he observes that Milton writes it _orchat_, thereby corroborating this +impression. Is the word spelt according to Milton's form by any other +writers? + +N. L. J. + + [It is spelt _orchat_ by J. Philips, _Cider_, book i.: + + ----"Else false hopes + He cherishes, nor will his fruit expect + Th' autumnal season, but in summer's pride, + When other orchats smile, abortive fail."] + +"_Peckwater._"--Why is the quadrangle at Christ Church, in Oxford, called +"Peckwater?" + +N. L. J. + + [The Peckwater Quadrangle derives its name from an ancient hostle, or + inn, which stood on the south-west corner of the present court; and was + the property of Ralph, the son of Richard Peckwater, who gave it to St. + Frideswide's Priory, 30th Henry III.; and about the middle of the reign + of Henry VIII., another inn, called Vine Hall, was added to it; which, + with other buildings, were reduced into a quadrangle in the time of + Dean Duppa and Dr. Samuel Fell. The two inns were afterwards known by + the name of Vine Hall, or Peckwater's Inn; and by this name were given + to Christ Church, in 1547, by Henry VIII.] + +_Richard III._--What became of the body after the battle of Bosworth Field? +Was it buried at Leicester? + +A. BRITON. + +Athenaeum. + + [After the battle of Bosworth Field, the body of Richard III. was + stript, laid across a horse behind a pursuivant-at-arms, and conducted + to Leicester, where, after it had been exposed for two days, it was + buried with little ceremony in the church of the Grey Friars. In + Burton's MS. of the History of Leicester, we read that, "within the + town was a house of Franciscan or Grey Friars, built by Simon Montfort, + Earl of {401} Leicester, whither (after Bosworth Field) the dead body + of Richard III., naked, trussed behind a pursuivant-at-arms, all dashed + with mire and blood, was there brought and homely buried; where + afterward King Henry VII. (out of royal disposition) erected for him a + fair alabaster monument, with his picture cut out, and made + thereon."--Quoted in Nichols's _Leicestershire_, vol. i. p. 357.: see + also pp. 298. 381.] + +_Binding of old Books._--I shall feel obliged to any of your readers who +will tell me how to polish up the covers of old books when the leather has +got dry and cracked. Bookbinders use some composition made of glair, or +white of egg, which produces a very glossy appearance. How is it made and +used? and how do they polish the leather afterwards? Is there any little +work on book-binding? + +CPL. + + [Take white of an egg, break it with a fork, and, having first cleaned + the leather with dry flannel, apply the egg with a soft sponge. Where + the leather is rubbed or decayed, rub a little paste with the finger + into the parts affected, to fill up the broken grain, otherwise the + glair would sink in and turn it black. To produce a polished surface, a + hot iron must be rubbed over the leather. The following is, however, an + easier, if not a better, method. Purchase some "bookbinders' varnish," + which may be had at any colour shop; clean the leather well, as before; + if necessary, use a little water in doing so, but rub quite dry with a + flannel before varnishing; apply your varnish with wool, lint, or a + very soft sponge, and place to dry.] + +_Vessel of Paper._--When I was at school in the north of Ireland, not very +many years ago, a piece of paper, about the octavo size, used for writing +"exercises," was commonly known amongst us as a vessel of paper. Can any of +your correspondents tell me the origin of the phrase; and whether it is in +use in other localities? + +ABHBA. + + [Lemon, in his English _Etymology_, has the following remarks on this + phrase:--"_Vessel of Paper_: The etymology of this word does not at + first sight appear very evident; but a derivation has been lately + suggested to me, which seems to carry some probability with it; viz. + that _a vessel of paper_ may have derived its appellation from + _fasciculus_, or _fasciola_; quasi _vassiola_; a vessel, or small slip + of paper; a little winding band, or swathing cloth; a garter; a + _fascia_, a small narrow binding. The root is undoubtedly _fascis_, a + bundle, or anything tied up; also, the fillet with which it is bound."] + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +KING JAMES'S IRISH ARMY LIST, 1689. + +(Vol. ix., pp. 30, 31.) + +My collections are arranged for illustrating, in the manner alluded to in +the above notice, upwards of four hundred families. In Tyrconnel's _Horse_, +I find a Dominick _Sheldon_, Lieut.-Colonel. His name appears in the +"Establishment" of 1687-8 for a pension of 200l. Early in the campaign, he +was actively opposed to the revolutionary party in Down and Antrim; and was +afterwards joined in an unsuccessful negotiation for the surrender of +Derry. At the battle of the Boyne he commanded the cavalry, and in a +gallant charge nearly retrieved the day, but had two horses shot under him. +When Tyrconnel left Ireland for France, to aid the cause of the Stuarts, he +selected this colonel as one of the directory, who were to advise the young +Duke of Berwick, to whom Tyrconnel had committed the command of the Irish +army, and who was afterwards so distinguished in the wars of the brigades +abroad. After the capitulation of Limerick in 1691, Sarsfield, then the +beloved commander of the last adherents of the cause of the royal exile, +intrusted to Colonel Sheldon the care of embarking all who preferred a +foreign land to the new Government; and King James (for, in justice to my +subject, I must still style him _King_) especially thanked him for his +performance of that duty. When his own regiment was brigaded in France, it +was called, _par excellence_, "the King's Regiment;" and Dominick Sheldon, +"an Englishman," was gazetted its Colonel. The successes of his gallant +band are recorded, in 1702, at the confluence of the Mincio and the Po; in +1703, against the Imperialists under Visconti, when he was wounded; in the +army of the Rhine, and at the battle of Spire within the same year, &c. He +appears, throughout his career, an individual of whom his descendants +should be proud; but I cannot discover the house of this _Englishman_. + +In the Outlawries of 1691, he is described on one as "of the city of +Dublin," on another, as "of Pennyburn Mill, co. Derry." No other person of +his name appears in my whole _Army List_; although the "Diary" preserved in +the _Harleian Miscellany_ (old edit., vol. vii. p. 482.) erroneously +suggests a subaltern of his name. In the titular Court of St. Germains, two +of the name of Sheldon were of the Board of Green Cloth. Dr. Gilbert +Sheldon was Archbishop of Canterbury in the middle of the seventeenth +century; and the Sheldons are shown by Burke to be still an existing family +at Brailes House in Warwickshire, previously in Oxfordshire, and _semble_ +in Staffordshire. I have made application on the subject to Mr. Sheldon of +Brailes House, the more confidently as the Christian name of "Ralph" is +frequent in the pedigree of that family, and Colonel Dominick Sheldon had a +brother Ralph; but Mr. Sheldon could not satisfy me. + +One of the adventurers or soldiers in Cromwell's time, in Ireland, was a +William Sheldon; who, on the Restoration, in the royal policy of that day, +obtained a patent for the lands in Tipperary, which {402} the usurping +powers had allotted for him by certificate. Could Colonel Dominick have +been his relative? + +I pray information on this subject, and any others connected with the _Army +List_, with any documentary assistance which, or the inspection of which, +the correspondents of "N. & Q." may afford me; and such services will be +thankfully acknowledged. If I were aided with such by them, and by the old +families of Ireland, the work should be a gem. + +JOHN D'ALTON. + +48. Summer Hill, Dublin. + + * * * * * + +QUOTATIONS WANTED. + +(Vol. ix., pp. 247, 301.) + + "The knights are dust, + Their good swords are rust, + Their souls are with the saints, we trust." + +This seems to be an imperfect recollection of the concluding lines of a +short poem by Coleridge, entitled "The Knight's Tomb." (See _Poems_ of +S. T. Coleridge: Moxon, 1852, p. 306.) + +The correct reading is as follows: + + "The knight's bones are dust, + And his good sword rust; + His soul is with the saints, I trust." + +G. TAYLOR. + +Your correspondent's mutilated version I have seen on a china match-box, in +the shape of a Crusader's tomb. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + + "Of whose omniscient and all-spreading love." + +These lines are also Coleridge's (_Poems_, &c., p. 30., edit. 1852). He +afterwards added the following note on this passage: + + "I utterly recant the sentiment contained in the lines-- + + Of whose omniscient and all-spreading love + Aught to _implore_ were impotence of mind; + + it being written in Scripture, '_Ask_, and it shall be given you!' and + my human reason being, moreover, convinced of the propriety of offering + _petitions_, as well as thanksgivings, to Deity.--S. T. C., 1797." + +H. G. T. + +Weston-super-Mare. + +The line quoted (p. 247.) as having been applied by Twining to Pope's +_Homer_, is from _Tibullus_, iii. 6. 56. + +P. J. F. GANTILLON + + "A fellow feeling makes us wond'rous kind," + +is to be found in the epilogue written and spoken by Garrick on quitting +the stage, 1776.[2] + +A parallel passage appears in _Troilus and Cressida_, Act III. Sc. 3.: + + "One touch of nature makes the whole world kin." + +NEWBURIENSIS. + +The following lines, and the accompanying paraphrase, probably those +inquired after by X. Y., are in Davison's _Poems, or a Poetical Rhapsody_ +(p. 50., 4th impression, 1621), where they form the third "device." I do +not know who the writer was. + + + "Quid pluma laevius? Pulvis. Quid pulvere? Ventus. + Quid vento? Mulier. Quid muliere? Nihil." + + "Dust is lighter than a feather, + And the wind more light than either; + But a woman's fickle mind + More than a feather, dust, or wind." + +F. E. E. + +The lines quoted by L. are the first two (a little altered) in the opening +stanza of a ballad entitled _The Berkshire Lady_. The correct version (I +speak on the authority of a copy which I procured nearly thirty years ago +in the great ballad-mart of those days, the Seven Dials) is,-- + + "Bachelors of every station, + Mark this strange but true relation, + Which in brief to you I bring; + Never was a stranger thing." + +The ballad is an account of "love at first sight," inspired in the breast +of a young lady, wealthy and beautiful of course, but who, disdaining such +adventitious aids, achieves at the sword's point, and covered with a mask, +her marriage with the object of her passion. It is much too long, and not +of sufficient merit, for insertion in "N. & Q." + +F. E. E. + +[Footnote 2: [See "N. & Q.," Vol. iii., p. 300.]] + + * * * * * + +OATHS. + +(Vol. viii., no. 364, 605.; Vol. ix., p. 45.) + +I am extremely obliged to your several correspondents who have replied to +my Query. + +I now send you "a remarkable case," which occurred in 1657, and throws +considerable light upon the subject. + +Dr. Owen, Vice-Chancellor of Oxford, being a witness for the plaintiff in a +cause, refused to be sworn in _the usual manner, by laying his right hand +upon the book, and by kissing it afterwards_; but he caused the book to be +held open before him, and he raised his right hand; whereupon the jury +prayed the direction of the Court whether they ought to weigh such evidence +as strongly as the evidence of another witness. Glyn, Chief Justice, +answered them, that in his opinion he had taken {403} as strong an oath as +any other of the witnesses; but he added that, if he himself were to be +sworn, he would lay his right hand upon the book itself (_il voilt deponer +sa maine dexter sur le liver mesme_). Colt _v._ Dutton, 2 Siderfin's _R._ +6. + +This case shows that the usual practice at the time it was decided was, not +to take the book in the hand, but to lay the hand upon it. Now, if a person +laid his hand upon a book, which rested on anything else, he most probably +would lay his fingers upon it, and, if he afterwards kissed it, would raise +it with his fingers at the top, and his thumb under the book; and possibly +this may account for the practice I mentioned of the Welsh witnesses, +which, like many other usages, may have been once universally prevalent, +but now have generally ceased. + +With regard to kissing the book, so far from assuming that it was +essential, I stated that "in none of these instances does kissing the book +appear to be essential." Indeed, as, "upon the principles of the common +law, there is no particular form essential to an oath to be taken by a +witness; but as the purpose of it is to bind his conscience, every man of +every religion should be bound by that form which he himself thinks will +bind his own conscience most" (per Lord Mansfield, Chief Justice, Atcheson +_v._ Everitt, Cowper's _R._ 389.), the form of the oath will vary according +to the particular opinion of the witness. + +Lord Mansfield, in the case just mentioned, referred to the case in +Siderfin, and stated that "the Christian oath was settled in very ancient +times;" and it may, perhaps, be inferred that he meant that it was so +settled in the form there mentioned; but, as he inaccurately translates the +words I have given thus, "If I were sworn, _I would kiss the book_," it may +be doubtful whether he did not consider kissing the book as a part of the +form of the oath so settled. + +I cannot assent to the opinion of Paley, that the term _corporal_, as +applied to oath, was derived from the corporale--the square piece of linen +on which the chalice and host were placed. The term doubtless was adopted, +in order to distinguish some oaths from others; and it would be very +strange if it had become the invariable practice to apply it to all that +large class of oaths, in every civil and criminal tribunal, to which it did +not apply; and when it is remembered that in indictments (which have ever +been construed with the strictest regard to the truth of the statements +contained in them) this term has always been used where the book has been +touched, and where the use of the term, if incorrect, would inevitably have +led to an acquittal, no one I think can doubt that Paley is in error. + +In addition to the authorities I before referred to, I may mention that +Puffendorff clearly uses the term in the sense I attributed to it; and so +does Mr. Barbeyrac, in his note to "corporal oath," as used by Puffendorff, +where he says: "Juramentum corporale, or, as it is called in the code, +juramentum _corporaliter_ praestitum;" and then refers to a rescript of +Alexander, where the terms used are "jurejurando _corporaliter_ praestito." +(Puffendorff, _Law of Nature and Nations_, lib. iv. ss. 11. and 16., pp. +345. and 350.: London, 1729.) And it seems very probable that the term came +to us from the Romans; and as it appears from the books, referred to in the +notes to s. 16., that there were some instances in which an oath had been +taken by proxy, it may, perhaps, be that the term _corporal_ was originally +used to distinguish such oaths as were taken by the party himself from such +as were taken by proxy. + +The word corporale plainly is the "_corporale_ Linteum," on which the +sacred elements were placed, and by which they were covered; and no doubt +were so used, because it covered or touched what was considered to be the +very body of our blessed Lord. In fact, the term is the same, whether it be +applied to oath or cloth; and when used with oath, it is used in the same +sense as our immortal bard uses it in "corporal suffering" and "corporal +toil." + +S. G. C. + +As the various forms in which oaths have been administered and taken is a +question not altogether devoid of interest, I would wish to add a few words +to what I have already written upon this subject. The earliest notice of +this ceremony is probably that which is to be found in Genesis xxiv. 2, 3.: + + "And Abraham said unto his eldest servant of his house, that ruled over + all that he had. Put, I pray thee, _thy hand under my thigh_; And I + will make thee swear," &c. + +That at a very early period the soldier swore by his sword, is shown by the +Anglo-Norman poem on the conquest of Ireland by Henry II., published by +Thomas Wright, Esq.: London, 1837, p. 101.: + + "Morice par sa espe ad jure, + N' i ad vassal si ose." + +In a charter of the thirteenth century, made by one Hugh de Sarnefelde to +the Abbey of Thomascourt in Dublin, of a certain annuity, we find the +passage: + + "Et sciendum quod jam dictus Adam de Sarnefelde _affidavit in manu_ + Magistri Roberti de Bedeford pro se et heredibus suis quod fideliter et + absque omni fallacia persolvent, etc. redditum prenominatum." + +And such clauses are probably of frequent occurrence in ancient charters. +The expression "affidavit in manu" may be perhaps explained by referring to +the mode in which the oath of homage was accustomed to be taken. This form, +as it was of old time observed in England, is, I presume, {404} fully +described in other publications; but as many of the most valuable of the +ancient public records of Ireland have been, and are still, in a sadly +neglected state, it is not probable that the following description of the +manner in which certain of the Irish chieftains in the time of Richard II. +performed their homage to Thomas Earl of Nottingham, his deputy, has been +hitherto printed: + + "Gerraldus O'Bryn predictus zonam, glaudium et capitium ipsius a se + amovens, et genibus flexis ad pedes dicti domini comitis procedit, + ambas manus suas palmis [adgremium] junctis erigens, et inter manus + dicti domini comitis crectas tenens, protulit hec verba in lingua + hibernicana," &c.--_Inquisition deposited in the Exchequer Record + Office, Dublin; James I._ No. 84. + +JAMES F. FERGUSON. + +Dublin. + + * * * * * + +REMUNERATION OF AUTHORS. + +(Vol. viii., p. 81.) + +Some time ago I suggested, in the columns of "N. & Q.," a collection which +might prove interesting, of the remuneration received by authors for their +works, sending my first instalment thereof. A correspondent (W. R.) has +since contributed to the stock; and I now beg to add a few more cases which +have lately occurred to me. In the instances of plays, &c., I have confined +myself to the sums paid for the copyright; any remuneration accruing to the +author from the performance, a share of the profit, benefit, &c. &c. being +too diffuse to bring into a tabular form; and, in the case of works +published while that servile system was in vogue, I have not attempted to +record the amounts paid for dedications by the inflated "patrons," nor even +those raised by subscription, except in one or two cases, where such was +(which was rarely the case) a genuine transaction: + +--------------------------------------------------------------------------- +Title of Work. |Author. |Price. |Publisher. |Authority. +--------------------------------------------------------------------------- +_Phaedra_ |Edmund Smith |60l. |Lintot. |Dr. Johnson. +_The Wanderer_ |Savage |10l. 10s. | -- |Ditto. +_Beggar's Opera_ |Gay |400l. | -- |Spence. +Poems |Ditto |1000l. |Subscription|Dr. Johnson. +Translation of eight |W. Broome |600l. |Paid by Pope|Ditto. +books of the _Odyssey_,| | | | +and all the notes. | | | | +Ditto of four books of |Fenton |300l. |Ditto |Ditto. + ditto | | | | +Edition of Shakspeare |Pope |217l. 12s.|Tonson |Ditto. +_Amynta and Theodora_ |Mallet |120l. |Vaillant. |Ditto. +_The Poor Gentleman_ |G Colman, sen.|150l. | -- |R. B. Peake. +_Who wants a Guinea?_ |Ditto |150l. | -- |Ditto. +_Tales from Shakspeare_|Charles Lamb |63l. | -- |Himself. + |Mary Lamb | | | +Contributions for two |Charles Lamb |170l. | -- |T. Moore, + years to the _London | | | | Lord J. + Magazine._ | | | | Russell. +The King of Prussia's |Thos. Holcroft|1200l. | -- |Galt. + works, translation of | | | | +_Exchange no Robbery_ |Theodore Hook |60l. | -- |R. H. D. + | | | | Barham. +_Sayings and Doings_ |Ditto |600l. |Colburn |Ditto. + (1st series) | | | | +_Ditto_ (2nd series) |Ditto |1050l. |Ditto |Ditto. + | |150l. | | + | |200l. | | +_Ditto_ (3rd series) |Ditto |1050l. |Ditto |Ditto. +_Births, Marriages, and|Ditto |600l. |Ditto |Ditto. + Deaths_ | | | | +Editorship of Colburn's|Ditto |400l. per |Ditto |Ditto. + _New Monthly_ | | annum. | | +_Rejected Addresses_ |J. and H. |131l. |Murray |H. Smith. + | Smith |after 16th| | + | | edition | | +_Country Cousins_ } | | |Paid for by |} +_A Trip to Paris_ } |James Smith. |1000l. |C. Matthews |}Himself. +_Air Ballooning_ } | | |for his Ent-|} +_A Trip to America_} | | |ertainments.| + + + +ALEXANDER ANDREWS. + + * * * * * + +OCCASIONAL FORMS OF PRAYER. + +(Vol. viii., p. 535.) + +The list of Occasional Forms of Prayer, recently contributed to your pages +by the REV. THOMAS LATHBURY, contained no less than forty-eight items. All +the forms which he enumerates, with one exception, are earlier than the +year 1700. Using the same limitation of date, I send you herewith a farther +list of such occasional forms: all these are to be found in the British +Museum, and the press-marks by which they are designated in the catalogue +are here added. The present list comprises fifty-one items, all of them, I +think, different from those which have been already mentioned. Unless +otherwise stated, the copies of the forms here referred to are printed at +London, and they are for the most part in black-letter, without pagination. + + A Psalme and Collect of Thankesgiving, not unmeet for the present Time + [_i.e._ after the defeat of the Spanish Armada]. 1588. (3406. c.) + + {405} + + An Order for Prayer and Thanksgiving (necessary to be used in these + dangerous Times) for the Safetie and Preservation of her Majestie and + this Realm. 1598. + + A revision of the form first issued in 1594. (3406. c.) 1. + + Certain Prayers collected out of a Form of godly Meditations ... to be + used at this Time in the present Visitation of God's heavy Hand, &c. + With the Order of a Fast to be kept every Wednesday. 1603. (3406. c.) + + Thanksgiving, August 5; being the Day of his Highnesse's happy + Deliverance from the trayterous and bloody Attempt of the Earle of + Gowry and his Brother, with their Adherents. 1606. (3406. c.) + + Forme of Common Prayer, together with an Order of Fasting: for the + averting of God's heavy Visitation upon many Places of this Kingdom + [two editions, the second with a few MS. notes]. 1625. (3406. d.) 1. + and (3406. d. 1.) 2. + + Thanksgiving. March 27, 1626. (3406. d. 1.) 4. + + Prayer for Safety and Preservation of his Majestie and this Realm. + 1626. (3406. d. 1.) 5. + + Thanksgiving. Safe Delivery of the Queen. 1631. Fol. (3406. e.) 1. + + Thanksgiving. Safe Child-bearing of the Queene's Majestie. 1635. Fol. + (3406. e.) 2. + + Thanksgiving. November 5, 1636. (3406. c.) + + Thanksgiving. November 5, 1638. (3406. d. 1.) 6. + + Prayer for the King's Majestie, in the Northern Expedition. 1639. Fol. + (3406. e.) 3. + + A Form of Thanksgiving to be used September 7, 1640, thorowout the + Diocese of Lincoln, and in the Jurisdiction of Westminster. 1640(?) + (3407. c.) + + Thanksgiving. March 27, 1640. (3406. d. 1.) 8. + + Prayer for the King's Majestie, in his Expedition against the Rebels of + Scotland. 1640. Fol. (3406. e.) 4. + + Fast, February 5, 1644, for a Blessing on the Treaty now begunne. + (3406. d. 1.) 9. + + Thanksgiving for the late Defeat given unto the Rebells at Newarke (and + A Prayer for the Queene's safe Delivery). 1644. Oxford, fol. (3406. e.) + 5. + + Prayer to be used upon January 15, 1661, in London and Westminster, + &c.; and upon the 22nd of the said moneth in the rest of England and + Wales. (3406. d. 2.) 1. + + Prayer on June 12 and June 19, 1661 (as in the last form). (3406. d. + 2.) 2. + + Fast. July 12, 1665, in London, &c. (3406. d. 2.) 3. + + Prayer. April 10, 1678. (3407. c.) + + Fast. November 13, 1678. (3406. d. 2.) 5. + + Prayer for King. 1684. (3407. c.) + + Thanksgiving. July 26, 1685. Victories over the Rebels. (3406. d. 3.) + 3. + + Prayers ... during this time of Public Apprehension from the Danger of + Invasion. 1688. (3407. c.) + + Additional Prayers to be used, together with those appointed in the + Service for November 5, 1689. (3406. d. 4.) 4. + + Fast. March 12, 1689. Preservation of his Majestie's sacred Person, and + the Prosperity of his Arms in Ireland, &c. (3406. d. 4.) 1. + + Fast. June 5 and June 19, 1689. To implore Success in the War declared + against the French King. (3406. d. 4.) 2. + + Thanksgiving: Success towards the reducing of Ireland. October 19, + 1690. (3406. d. 4.) 3. + + Thanksgiving. November 5, 1690. (3406. d. 4.) 6. + + A Prayer for the King, to be used instead of that appointed for his + Majestie's present Expedition. 1690. (3406. d. 4.) 5. + + A Prayer for the King, to be constantly used while his Majesty is + abroad in the Wars. 1691. (3406. d. 4.) 7. + + Fast. April 29, 1691. (3406. d. 4.) 8. Two editions. + + Thanksgiving. Success in Ireland. November 26, 1691. (3406. d. 4.) 10. + + Thanksgiving. 1692. (3406. d. 4.) 12. + + Thanksgiving. 1692. (3406. d. 4.) 14. + + Thanksgiving. October 27 and November 10, 1692. For the signal Victory + vouchsafed to the Fleet. (3406. d. 4.) 15. + + Prayer, during the Time of their Majesties' Fleet being at Sea. 1692. + (3406. d. 4.) 18. + + Fast. April 8, 1692. (3406. d. 4.) 11. + + Prayer. May 10, 1693, and second Wednesday of every month following, + &c. (3406. d. 4.) 16. + + Thanksgiving. November 12 and November 26, 1693. (3406. d. 4.) 17. + + Thanksgiving. December 9 and December 16, 1694. (3406. d. 5.) 3. + + Prayers to be used during the Queen's Sickness, &c. 1694. (3406. d. 5.) + 2. + + Thanksgiving. April 16, 1695. (3406. d. 5.) 4. + + Fast. June 19, 1695. (3406. d. 5.) 5. + + Prayer. December 11 and December 18, 1695. (3406. d. 5.) 6. + + Fast. June 26. (3406. d. 5.) 7. + + Form of Prayer to be used Yearly on September 2, 1696, for the dreadful + fire of London. (3406. d. 5.) 8. + + Fast. April 28, 1697. (3406. d. 5.) 9. + + Thanksgiving. December 2, 1697. (3406. d. 5.) 10. + + Fast. April 5, 1699. (3406. d. 5.) 11. + +It would occupy more space than "N. & Q." can afford to complete the list +up to the present time. In the British Museum Catalogue alone, between the +years 1700 and 1800, there are about 120 Forms of Prayer; and, between 1800 +and 1850, about 113 more. Let me, before leaving the subject, draw the +attention of your readers to the following extract from Straker's (Adelaide +Street, West Strand) _Catalogue of Books_, printed in 1853, pp. 419.: + + Article "1862. COMMON PRAYER. Forms of Prayer, an extensive collection + of, issued by authority, on public occasions; such as War and Peace, + Plague and Pestilence, Earthquakes, Treason and Rebellion, Accession of + Kings, Birth of Princes, &c. &c., from A.D. 1550 to A.D. 1847, + consisting of 45 in manuscript and 181 printed, together 226; many of + which are of the greatest scarcity, with a detailed catalogue of the + collection, 8l. 8s. 1550-1840 [_sic_]. + + "The late J. W. Niblock, D.D., F.S.A., was actively engaged for + upwards of _thirty years_, (with {406} great trouble and expense) + in forming this exceedingly interesting and valuable collection for + his projected work, to be entitled 'FORMAE PRECUM, or National + State Prayers, issued by Authority, on Fast and Thanksgiving Days, + and other public Occasions, from the Reformation to the present + Time,' those in manuscript are copied with great care from the + originals in public libraries and private collections." + +This important collection may possibly be unknown to some of your readers +who take an interest in matters liturgical. + +W. SPARROW SIMPSON. + +Having made it a point, for some years past, to preserve at least one copy +of each Occasional Form of Prayer, and wishing to comply with MR. +LATHBURY'S request, I send a list of those in my own possession. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a Prince. + 1841. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Preservation of the Queen "from the atrocious + and treasonable Attempt against her sacred Person." 1842. + + Form and Thanksgiving for abundant Harvest. 1842. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Princess. 1843. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of Prince. + 1844. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Victories in the Sutledge. 1846. + + Form and Thanksgiving, for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Princess. 1846. + + Form for Relief from Dearth and Scarcity. 1846. + + Form for Removal of Dearth and Scarcity. Fast. 1847. + + Form and Thanksgiving for abundant Harvest. 1847. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a + Princess. 1848. + + Form for Maintenance of Peace and Tranquillity. 1848. + + Form for Removal of Disease. 1849. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Removal of Disease. 1849. + + Form and Thanksgiving for Delivery of the Queen, and Birth of a Prince. + 1850. + +ABHBA. + + * * * * * + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. + +_Photographic Query._--Given the diameter and focal length of a simple +achromatic lens; at what distance from it must a diaphragm of given +diameter be placed to give the best possible image? + +O. + +_Improvement in Collodion._--As there are many photographers who are not +members of the Photographic Society, and who do not see the journal +published by that body, a statement of what I think will be found a very +material improvement in the manufacture of collodion may not be +unacceptable to the readers of "N. & Q." To five drachms of pure _washed_ +ether, add one drachm alcohol 60deg over proof, and dissolve therein +sufficient soluble cotton to make it of the consistence of oil (the exact +quantity must depend rather upon the dexterity of the operator, as the +thicker it is the more difficult to use) then add twenty minims of +chloroform, dropping in the latter, which will fall to the bottom, but is +readily dissolved on shaking the mixture for a few minutes. + +To two drachms of the same alcohol add the iodizing material preferred, and +mix with the other ingredients. + +The above will be found to flow very evenly smoothly over the plate; is +tough, intense, and _structureless_ in appearance. I have not yet +determined what is the best iodizing mixture, but at present I prefer +iodide of potassium _alone_, if pure, and twenty grains to the ounce of +alcohol is the proportion I generally adopt; thus having five grains in +each ounce of collodion. + +Lastly, as regards the soluble cotton, I cannot find any better material +than that produced according to the formula published by Mr. Hadow, in the +March Number of the _Photographic Journal_, thus: "Take of nit. potash, +five parts; sulphuric acid, ten parts; water, one part; _all by weight_. +Add the water to the nitrate of potash, and then the acid, and immediately +immerse as much cotton wool as can be thoroughly saturated by the mixture, +leaving it in for _at least_ ten minutes, and wash with a great abundance +of water. The object of adding the cotton immediately that the acid has +been mixed with the nitrate of potash, is to expose it to the action of the +chemicals while they are at a temperature of from 120deg to 130deg. For +farther particulars on this head, I must refer to Mr. Hadow's paper. + +GEO. SHADBOLT. + + [This application is not a novelty to us: DR. DIAMOND has for some time + added a small portion of his amber varnish (which is prepared from + chloroform) to his collodion, and with satisfactory results. It is a + pity that so admirable a varnish is not to be procured at the + generality of photographic warehouses. We have never yet been able to + procure any which will bear comparison with some which DR. DIAMOND was + good enough to prepare for us.--ED. "N. & Q."] + +_Printing Positives._--I will venture to assure AMATEUR that,--if he will +follow DR. DIAMOND'S formula for albumenizing Canson paper, either positive +or negative, viz., + + Chloride of sodium (salt) 5 grs. + Chloride of ammonium 5 grs. + Water 1 oz. + Albumen, or the white of one egg, which + is near enough for the purpose 1 oz. + +and will excite this paper by floating it for about two minutes on a +solution of nitrate of silver twenty grains to the ounce, distilled +water,--provided his chemicals are good, he will obtain perfectly +satisfactory results. + +Let his fixing bath be a saturated solution of hypo. soda, and if newly +made let him, as recommended by DR. DIAMOND, add 40 grains of chloride of +silver to every 8 ounces of the solution. The addition of a grain of sel +d'or to every 8 ounces of solution will greatly improve the tones of +colour; and if, after some {407} time, the positives become more of a brown +tint than he likes, let him add a small quantity of sel d'or, half a grain +to a bath of from 12 to 16 ounces, and he will find the dark tints +restored. + +I inclose a copy of the print of "Horse-shoeing," obtained precisely by the +method described. It is rather overprinted; but if AMATEUR will give you +his address, and you will forward it to him, it will show him what tones of +colour and depth may be procured by following the foregoing directions. + +C. E. F. + +_Photographic Excursions._--A few Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries +have formed themselves into a Photographic Club for the purpose of making +periodical excursions into the country, and so securing accurate views of +the objects of antiquarian interest in the different localities they may +visit. As it is intended that a copy of every photograph so taken shall be +deposited in the portfolios of the Society, the advantages likely to result +from this little reunion, both to the Society of Antiquaries and to +Archaeology generally, are very obvious. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +"_To Garble_" (Vol. ix., pp. 243. 359.).--I venture, with deference, to +express a doubt as to whether E. S. T. T. has correctly defined either the +former or the present meaning of the verb _to garble_, when he says "it +meant a selection of the good and the discarding of the bad parts of +anything: its present meaning is exactly the reverse of this." The statutes +referred to by your correspondent, the first enacting that no bow staves +shall be sold ungarbled, and the second imposing a penalty on the sale of +spices and drugs not garbled, appear to me to indicate the former meaning +of the word to have been the selection (picking out) of the _bad_ and the +discarding of it. Experience shows that in all operations, involving the +separation of objects worthless and of value, such as weeding, sifting, and +winnowing, the former is removed from the latter and discarded. This view +of the case seems to be supported by the fact of the dust and dross sifted +from spices being called "garbles." The weeder removes weeds from flowers +or plants, the garbler removes garbles from spices and bad bow staves from +amongst good ones. Richardson's _Dictionary_ contains the following notes +under the head _Garble_: + + "Fr. _Grabeler_; It. _Garbellare_. Cotgrave says, Grabeller, to garble + spices, &c., (and hence) also to examine precisely, sift nearly, look + narrowly, search curiously into." + +After giving some examples of its use, Richardson says: + + "As usually applied in England, to garble is to pick out, sift out what + may serve a particular purpose, and thus destroy or mutilate the fair + character of the whole." + +To go no farther, the reports of the parliamentary debates, when a "Blue +Book" happens to furnish matter for discussion, amply confirm Richardson's +definition, that _to garble_ is to pick out what may serve a purpose. In +this sense, however, E. S. T. T. must admit that it would be as much +garbling to quote all the _good_ passages of a work as to quote all the bad +ones. May we not then assume the present meaning of the word _garble_ to be +this--to quote passages with the view of conveying an impression of the +ability or intention of a writer, which is not warranted by the general +scope of the work? + +C. ROSS. + +_"Lyra Apostolica_" (Vol. ix., p. 304.).--There is, I believe, a slight +inaccuracy in the rotation of the names given at the above page as the +writers in the _Lyra Apostolica_. They go in alphabetical order, thus +[alpha], Bowden; [beta], Froude; [gamma], Keble; [delta], Newman; +[epsilon], Wilberforce; [zeta], Williams. + +B. R. A. Y. + +The poems signed [zeta]. were written by _Williams_, not by _Wilberforce_. + +Can you explain the meaning of the motto on the title-page-- + + "[Greek: Gnoien d', hos de deron ego polemoio pepaumai]"? + +M. D. + + [This motto is from Homer, _Iliad_, xviii. 125. Its literal translation + is, They (the enemy) shall know that it was I who have long kept away + from the war," and, by implication, that I have now returned to it; + even I, the great hero Achilles; for he is the taunting speaker. Had it + not been for my absence, he intimates, the Trojans had not gained so + many and great victories. We must leave our correspondent to apply this + Homeric verse to the Protestant dark ages of the Georgian era, and to + the theological movement of 1833.] + +_John Bale, Bishop of Ossory_ (Vol. ix., p. 324.).--A catalogue, professing +to be a complete one, of this over-ardent reformer's voluminous works, with +a portrait, may be seen in Holland's _Herooelogia Anglica_, fol. 165-7. +There are some curious notices concerning him in Blomefield's _History of +Norwich_ (fol. 1741), pp. 154, 155, 794., where reference is also made to +his brother Robert as a learned man and great writer. + +WILLIAM MATTHEWS. + +Cowgill. + +_Burial in an erect Posture_ (Vol. viii., pp. 5. 59. 233. 455. 630.; Vol. +ix., p. 279.).--How strange it is that all of us should have forgotten +Charlemagne. When his tomb at Aix-la-Chapelle was opened by the Emperor +Frederic Barbarossa in 1165, "he found the body of Charlemagne, not +reclining in his coffin, as is the usual fashion of the dead, but seated in +his throne, as one alive, clothed in the imperial robes, bearing the +sceptre in his hand, and on his knees a copy of the gospels." (See Murray's +{408} _Handbook to Belgium_.) The throne in which the body was seated, the +sarcophagus (of Parian marble, the work of Roman or Greek artists, +ornamented with a fine bas-relief of the Rape of Proserpine) in which the +feet of the dead king were placed, are still preserved in the cathedral, +where I saw them last year, together with some portions of the robes, and +some curious ancient embroidery: these last are not usually exhibited to +strangers. + +W. SPARROW SIMPSON. + +"_Carronade_" (Vol. ix., p. 246.).--"The folk story," as to the derivation +of this word (if such a comparatively modern invention deserves such an +epithet, for the Carron works, I believe, did not exist a hundred years +ago) is quite correct. This gun is said to have been invented in Ireland by +General Melville; but having been perfected at Carron, it thence took its +name. + +Landmann (no mean authority at the beginning of this century), in his +_Questions and Answers on Artillery_, says: "The carronade takes its name +from being first made at Carron." + +H. T. ELLACOMBE. + +"_Largesse_" (Vol. v., p. 557.; Vol. ix., p. 209.).--The use of this word +is not confined to Essex and Northamptonshire, but extends also to Norfolk. +It is met with in many parishes in the western division of Norfolk: where, +at the time of harvest, after accompanying the last load of corn home with +the procession of the "Harvest Lady," it is customary that the labourers on +the several farms should go round their respective parishes, and collect +various sums of money, under the name of _largesse_, at the houses of the +chief inhabitants, whether lay or clerical. Few were to be met with who +refused this species of "black mail" thus levied on them; doubtless +regarding it as one out of many means of testifying their thankfulness to +the "Lord of the Harvest" for "filling their mouth with good things," and +giving them an abundance of "corn and wine and oil." + +[Sigma]. + +This word is of common occurrence in Suffolk during the shooting season, +where sportsmen are affrays greeted with it, for a donation, by the +labourers on the land where game is sought for. + +N. L. J. + +_Precious Stones_ (Vol. viii., p. 539.; Vol. ix., pp. 37. 88. 284.).--As +the titles of so many works on this subject have been already given in your +pages, perhaps I may be of some service to your correspondents in farther +completing the list, and referring them to the following in my own +collection: + + On the Origin of Gems, by the Hon. Robert Boyle: London, 12mo. + + The Mirror of Stones, in which the Nature, Generation, &c., of more + than 200 Jewels, &c., are distinctly described by Camillus Leonardus, + 12mo.: London, 1750. + + A Treatise on Diamonds and Pearls, by David Jeffries, 2nd edit., 8vo.: + London, 1751. [This work, which was very scarce, has been recently + reprinted by E. Lumley for 6s.] + + Traite des Pierres precieuses et des Pierres fines, par L. Dutens, + 12mo.: London, Paris, and Florence. [Reprinted, with additions, in "Les + Oeuvres Meles de Dutens:" Geneve, 8vo., 1784.] + + A Treatise on Diamonds and Precious Stones, by John Mawe, 2nd edit.: + London, 8vo., 1823. + + A Memoir of the Diamond, by John Murray, F.S.A., &c., 12mo.: London, + 1831. + +Besides these may be consulted, the treatise of Gemma, _Delle Gemme +pretiose_, 2 vols. 4to., a ponderous map of obsolete puerilities; the +_Mineralogie_ of M. de Bomare; the _Crystallographie_ of M. Rome Delisle; +the essay of Wallerius, _De Lapidum Origine_; the learned researches of +Bergman, _Sur les Pierres precieuses_, &c. + +I may add, that a practical work on the nature and value of precious +stones, comprehending the opinions and superstitions of the ancients +respecting them, together with an essay upon engraved gems, an account of +celebrated collections and specimens, &c., is much wanted, and would +probably be well received. + +WILLIAM BATES. + +Birmingham. + +"_A Pinch of Snuff_" (Vol. vi., p. 431.; Vol. vii., p. 268.).--This work is +correctly attributed to Benson E. Hill, Esq. The companion volume, _A Paper +of Tobacco_, of which F. R. A. speaks in just terms of commendation, was +the production of Mr. W. A. Chatto, the ingenious author of a _History of +Playing Cards_, &c. His son, Mr. Thomas Chatto, from whom I received this +information, is a bookseller, at No. 25. Museum Street, Bloomsbury: where I +hope his civility, and anxiety to serve his visitors, will ensure the +success he merits. + +WILLIAM BATES. + +Birmingham. + +_Darwin on Steam_ (Vol. ix., p. 271.).--The lines in question are not cited +quite correctly by UNEDA. They run as follows: + + "Soon shall thy arm, unconquer'd Steam, afar + Drag the slow barge, or drive the rapid car; + Or on wide-waving wings expanded bear, + The flying-chariot through the fields of air." + +They occur in the First Part of the _Botanic Garden_, p. 29., 2nd edit., +4to., London, 1791. + +L. (1) + + [We are also indebted to J. K. R. W. and other correspondents for + similar replies.] + +_Gale of Rent_ (Vol. viii., pp. 563. 655.).--The word _gale_ is used in the +west of Philadelphia in the sense of an instalment. Thus, if land is {409} +bought to be paid for in annual sums, one of these is called a yearly gale. +I have supposed, I cannot now say why, that this was an Irish expression. + +UNEDA. + +_Cobb Family_ (Vol. ix., p. 272).--I have much reason to believe that MR. +ARTHUR PAGET will find a clue to his inquiries in the following particulars +extracted from documents in my possession. The estate of St. Katharine's +Hall, or St. Kattern's, near Bath, belonged to the family of Blanchard; and +in 1748 the property passed to the family of Parry of St. Kattern's by +marriage with the heiress of the Blanchards, who is thus described: + + "Thomas Parry, and Querinah his wife, niece and heiress-at-law of + William Blanchard, who was only son and heir of Henry Blanchard, and + Querinah his wife," [only child of John Curle, Esq.]. + +In 1795 Thomas Parry devised the estate to his son John Parry, who was the +rector of Sturmer, co. Essex; and by his will [May, 1797] his property went +to his sisters, Elizabeth Knight, Querinah Cobb, and Hannah Parry. +Elizabeth married, Aug. 1781, Henry Knight of Lansdown, near Bath. Querinah +married, Nov. 1781, William Milles Cobb, of Ringwood, gentleman, third son +of Christopher Cobb, merchant, and Sarah his wife. + +I have in my possession some portraits of the Blanchard, Curle, and Parry +families; two by Sir Peter Lely, which may afford MR. PAGET farther +evidence of the consanguinity of Richard Cobb, Esq., and the Cobbs of +Ringwood. + +J. KNIGHT. + +Aylestone. + +On the principle that every little helps, and out of gratitude for +CRANMORE'S assistance in the Milton-Minshull controversy, I would offer the +following suggestions, which may haply serve as finger-posts to direct him +on his way. William Cobb, Esq., of Adderbury, Oxon, immediate ancestor of +the baronets of that name and place, derived from the Cobbs of Sandringham, +in the hundred of Freebridge, Norfolk. Blomefield's _History_ of the latter +county might be consulted with advantage. The Cobbs of Adderbury bore +"Sable, a chevron argent between three dolphins naiant embowed or, a chief +of the last." Randle Holme, in his _Academy of Armory_, 1688, gives the +following as the arms of Cobb,--"Per chevron sable and gules, two swans +respecting each other and a herring cobb argent." Thomas Cobb, of +Otterington, Yorkshire, a loyal subject of King Charles I., compounded for +his estates in the sum of 472l. There is a brass in Sharnbrook Church, +Bedfordshire, commemorating William Cobbe, who died in 1522, Alice his +wife, a son Thomas, and other children. + +T. HUGHES. + +Chester. + +"_Aches_" (Vol. ix., p. 351.).--I am not aware of any rhyme which fixes the +pronunciation of _aches_ in the time of Shakspeare, but I think the +following quite as decisive: + + "_Of the Fallacie in the Accent or Pronunciation._--The fallacie of the + accent is, when a false thing is affirmed under colour of pronouncing + it as another thing that is true. For example: + + 'Where no _ache_ is, there needs no salve; + In the gout there is no H, + Therefore, in the gout, there needs no salve.'" + + _The Elements of Logicke_, by Peter Dumoulin. Translated out of the + French copie by Nathanael De-Lawne, with the Author's approbation: + London, 1624, 24mo. + + "_Anthony._ Thou bleedest apace. + _Scarus._ I had a wound here that was like a T; + But now 'tis made an H." + _Ant. and Cleop._, Act IV. Sc. 7. + +See also on the "aitch" question, _Letters of an Irish Student_, vol. i. p. +256., London, 1812; and _The Parlour Window_, by the Rev. Edward Mangin, p. +146., London, 1841. + +H. B. C. + +U. U. Club. + +"_Meols_" (Vol. vii., pp. 208. 298.).--There is an extensive parish called +North _Meols_ (the favourite watering-place of Southport being within it) +in the sandy district to the south of the estuary of the Ribble, in +Lancashire. + +PRESTONIENSIS. + +_Polygamy_ (Vol. ix., p. 246.).--The practice of monogamy had been +established among the Jews before the Christian era, as is shown by various +expressions in the New Testament; but their law (like that of other +oriental nations) still permitted polygamy, and they were expressly +prohibited by an enactment of the Emperor Theodosius, of the year 393, from +marrying several wives at the same time (Cod. 1. 9. 7.); so that the +practice was not then extinct among them. Monogamy was the law and practice +of all the Greek and Italian communities, so far back as our accounts +reach. There is no trace of polygamy in Homer. Even in the incestuous +marriages supposed by him in the mythical family of Aeolus, the monogamic +rule is observed, _Odyssey_, x. 7. The Roman law recognised monogamy alone, +and hence polygamy was prohibited in the entire Roman empire. It thus +became practically the rule of Christians, and was engrafted into the canon +law of the Eastern and Western Churches. + +L. + +_Wafers_ (Vol. ix., p. 376.).--I have in my possession a volume of original +Italian letters, addressed to a Venetian physician (who appears to have +been eminent in his profession), Michael Angelo Rota, written during the +early part of the seventeenth century. Many of these letters have been +sealed with red wafers, still adhering to the {410} paper, and precisely +similar to those now in use. The earliest of the letters which I have found +sealed is dated April, 1607, which is seventeen years earlier than the +earliest known instance, mentioned by Beckmann (_History of Inventions_, +Bohn's edit., vol. i. p. 146.), of a letter sealed with a wafer. + +WALTER SNEYD. + +Denton. + +I have before me a reprieve from the Council, dated in 1599, sealed with a +wafer, and am certain that I have earlier instances, had I time at this +moment to look them up. + +L. B. L. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. + +The Northern Antiquaries set their brethren in this country a noble +example. Every year sees one or more of them engaged in the production of +carefully-edited volumes of early Scandinavian history. We have now to +record the publication, by Professor Munch, of the old Norse text of _Kong +Olaf Tryggvesoen's Saga_ from a MS. in the Library at Stockholm which has +not hitherto been made use of; and also, by the same gentleman, in +conjunction with his friend Professor Unger, of an edition of the _Saga +Olafs Konungs ens Helga_, from the earliest MS. in the library at +Stockholm. Each work is introduced by a preface of great learning, and +illustrated by a large body of valuable notes. + +Those who have shared our regret, that the brilliant notices of books which +occasionally appear in the columns of _The Times_ should be presented in a +form which scarcely admits of their being preserved, and also our +satisfaction when Mr. Murray put forth his selection from them under the +title of _Essays from the Times_, will be glad that the same publisher has +issued in his _Railway Reading_ a Second Series of them, comprising +fourteen articles. + +We may remind all lovers of beautiful illustrations of Mediaeval Art, that +Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson will sell by auction on Monday next the +entire stock of the magnificent publications of Mr. Henry Shaw, F.S.A., +whose _Dresses and Decorations of the Middle Ages_ are a type of the whole. +Such an opportunity of securing copies at a reasonable rate will never +occur again. While on the subject of sales, we may mention that Messrs. +Puttick and Simpson announce a sale of _Photographs_. This is the first +instance; but we may be sure, with the growing taste for these accurate +and, in many cases, also artistic transcripts of nature, every season will +see many similar sales. + +At the anniversary of the Society of Antiquaries on Monday last, Admiral +Smyth moved a vote of thanks to MR. BRUCE, on his retirement from the +Treasurership, for his zeal and indefatigable exertions in that office. The +manner in which the gallant Admiral's remarks were received showed, first, +that the reforms advocated by Mr. Bruce now meet the general approval of +the Society; and secondly, that the warmth of feeling which they had called +forth on both sides has entirely disappeared. + +BOOKS RECEIVED.--_Conde's History of the Arabs in Spain, translated from +the Spanish_, by Mrs. Jonathan Foster, in three volumes, Vol. I. Mr. Bohn +deserves the best thanks of all lovers of history for this English +translation--the first which has ever been made--of the admirable work of +Conde. It is one of the most important volumes which he has published in +his _Standard Library.--The Diary and Letters of Madame D'Arblay_, Vol. II. +The second volume of this amusing, gossiping, and egotistical work, +comprises the period 1781-1786.--_Pantomime Budgets, &c._, a clever +pamphlet in favour of prepaid taxation.--_John Penry, the Pilgrim Martyr_, +1559-1593, by John Waddington. A violent anti-church biography of Penry, +whose share in the Marprelate Controversy Mr. Waddington disbelieves on +very insufficient grounds. + + * * * * * + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +LINGARD'S ENGLAND. Foolscap 8vo. 1844. Vols. I. to V., and X. and XI. + +THE WORKS OF DR. JONATHAN SWIFT. London, printed for C. Bathurst, in Fleet +Street, 1768. Vol. VII. (Vol. VI. ending with "Verses on the Death of Dr. +Swift," written in Nov. 1731.) + +BYRON'S WORKS. Vol. VI. of Murray's Edition. 1829. + +The Volume of the LONDON POLYGLOTT which contains the Prophets. +Imperfection in other parts of no consequence. + +CARLISLE ON GRAMMAR SCHOOLS. + +THE CIRCLE OF THE SEASONS. London, 1828. 12mo. Two copies. + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + +Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the +gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are +given for that purpose: + +Any of the occasional Sermons of the Rev. Charles Kingsley, of Eversley, +more particularly THE MISSION OF THE CHURCH TO THE LABOURING CLASSES, and +CLOTHES CHEAP AND NASTY, by Parson Lot. + + Wanted by _H. C. Cowley_, Melksham, Wilts. + +The Numbers of the BRITISH AND COLONIAL QUARTERLY REVIEW, published in +1846, by Smith and Elder, Cornhill, containing a review of a work on +graduated, sliding-scale, Taxation. Also any work of the French School on +the same subject, published from 1790 down to the end of the Revolution. + + Wanted by _R. J. Cole_, 12. Furnival's Inn. + +BREVINT'S CHRISTIAN SACRAMENT AND SACRIFICE, 4th Edition, 1757. Rivingtons. + + Wanted by _S. Hayward_, Bookseller, Bath. + +J. G. AGARDH, SPECIES, GENERA ET ORDINES ALGARUM. Royal 8vo. London +1848-1853. + +LACROIX, DIFF. ET INTEG. CALCULUS. Last edition. + + Wanted by the _Rev. Frederick Smithe_, Churchdown, Gloucester. + +ADMIRAL NAPIER'S REVOLUTION IN PORTUGAL. Moxon, Dover Street. + + Wanted by _Hugh Owen, Esq._, Bristol. + +PLATONIS OPERA OMNIA (Stallbaum). Gothae et Erfordiae, Sumptibus Guil. +Hennings, 1832; published in Jacobs and Rost's Bibliotheca Graeca. Vol. iv. +Sect. 2., containing Menexenus, Lysis, Hippias uterque, Io. + + Wanted by the _Rev. G. R. Mackarness_, Barnwell Rectory, near Oundle. + +{411} + +ANCIENT COMMERCE OF HINDOSTAN, forming Vol. VII. of "Maurice's Indian +Antiquities, 1796." + + Wanted by the _Rev. H. Atlay, B.-Casterton, Stamford_. + +BISHOP O'BRIEN'S TEN SERMONS ON JUSTIFICATION. + + Wanted by _Lieut. Bruce_, Royal Horse Artillery, Chatham. + +LATIMER'S SERMONS. Published by the Parker Society. Vol. I. + + Wanted by _Mr. J. G. Nichols_, 25. Parliament Street. + +PLANS OR MAPS OF ANCIENT LONDON, and Representations of Remarkable and +Interesting Objects connected therewith--large size (such as Old St. +Paul's, Paul's Cross, Old London Bridge, &c.). + +A Copy of No. 1. (or early number) of "The Times" Newspaper. + +A Copy of one of the "Broadsheets" issued during the Plague. + + Wanted by _Mr. Joseph Simpson_, Librarian, Literary and Scientific + Institution, Islington, London. + + * * * * * + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +SIGMA. _The Rev. Richard Warner, the Historian of Bath, we believe, is +still living, and is Rector of Chadfield, Wilts, and Chelwood, +Somersetshire._ + +F. S. A. _The origin as well as the demolition of Castell Dinas, Bran, near +Llangollen, have baffled our topographical antiquaries. For some notices of +this fortress consult Pennant's_ Tour in Wales, p. 279., edit. 1778 (_with +a plate of it_); _Leland's_ Itinerary, vol. v. p. 51.; _and_ Beauties of +England and Wales, vol. xviii. p. 558. + +RUSTICA. _The Dutch Gothic Church_, noticed in The Times _of the 5th inst., +is in Austin Friars_. + +J--G. _We did not succeed in getting the book._ + +NEISON ON RAILWAY ACCIDENTS _is published in the_ Journal of the +Statistical Society _for December, 1853, and may be had of Parker, 445 +Strand_. + +B. T. A. _The line_ "England, with all thy faults I love thee still," _is +by Cowper_ (The Task, book ii.). + +REV. J. J. _We fear some injustice was done--unintentionally, but fear also +that it is now too late to remedy it._ + +INQUIRER (Birmingham). _Some of our correspondents have met with great +success from Mr. Crookes' process; but we are bound to say that it has not +been universal._ + +G. W. E. _recommends that in immersing a collodion plate it should first be +inserted horizontally, and then transversely in the nitrate of silver bath, +as a sure means of avoiding spots_. + +_He is informed that if the edges of his glass are roughed, it will greatly +tend to the adhesion of the collodion. The nitrate of silver bath, used for +exciting collodion plates, is not available for exciting albumenized paper +or any other purpose._ + +H. C. C. _1. The addition of cyanide of potassium to the sensitive +collodion not only prevents its decomposition, but appears to add to its +general good qualities. 2. Protosulphate of iron mixed with your nitrate +bath is quite fatal. 3. Good pictures are constantly taken when the +temperature is below sixty; though there is no doubt all chemical action is +quicker in warm weather._ + +B. (Manchester). _See_ "N. & Q.," No. 205, _October 1, 1853_. + +W. BEATSON. _There are difficulties in the way of such an exchange of +photographic pictures, which are very difficult to overcome. At present we +believe the Photographic Society, with the aid of an energetic Council, +have been unable to effect this, even to a limited extent._ + +ERRATUM.--Vol. ix., p. 220. col. 1. line 9, _for_ 1533-5 _read_ 1633-5. + +OUR EIGHTH VOLUME _is now bound and ready for delivery, price_ 10s. 6d., +_cloth, boards. A few sets of the whole Eight Volumes are being made up, +price_ 4l. 4s.--_For these early application is desirable._ + +"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country +Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to +their Subscribers on the Saturday_. + + * * * * * + + +Patronised by the Royal Family. + +TWO THOUSAND POUNDS for any person producing Articles superior to the +following: + +THE HAIR RESTORED AND GREYNESS PREVENTED. + +BEETHAM'S CAPILLARY FLUID is acknowledged to be the most effectual article +for Restoring the Hair in Baldness, strengthening when weak and fine, +effectually preventing falling or turning grey, and for restoring its +natural colour without the use of dye. The rich glossy appearance it +imparts is the admiration of every person. Thousands have experienced its +astonishing efficacy. Bottles 2s. 6d.; double size, 4s. 6d.; 7s. 6d. equal +to 4 small; 11s. to 6 small; 21s. to 13 small. The most perfect beautifier +ever invented. + +SUPERFLUOUS HAIR REMOVED. + +BEETHAM'S VEGETABLE EXTRACT does not cause pain or injury to the skin. Its +effect is unerring, and it is now patronised by royalty and hundreds of the +first families. Bottles, 5s. + +BEETHAM'S PLASTER is the only effectual remover of Corns and Bunions. It +also reduces enlarged Great Toe Joints in an astonishing manner. If space +allowed, the testimony of upwards of twelve thousand individuals, during +the last five years, might be inserted. Packets, 1s.; Boxes, 2s. 6d. Sent +Free by BEETHAM, Chemist, Cheltenham, for 14 or 36 Post Stamps. + + Sold by PRING, 30. Westmorland Street; JACKSON, 9. Westland Row; BEWLEY + & EVANS, Dublin; GOULDING, 108. Patrick Street, Cork; BARRY, 9. Main + Street, Kinsale; GRATTAN, Belfast; MURDOCK, BROTHERS, Glasgow; DUNCAN & + FLOCKHART, Edinburgh. SANGER, 150. Oxford Street; PROUT, 229. Strand; + KEATING, St. Paul's Churchyard; SAVORY & MOORE, Bond Street; HANNAY, + 63. Oxford Street; London. All Chemists and Perfumers will procure + them. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous +Views and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. + +Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest +Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. + +Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this +beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, have, +by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal, +they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any +other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and +appreciation of half-tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed. + +Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of +Photography, Instruction in the Art. + +THE COLLODION AND POSITIVE PAPER PROCESS. By J. B. HOCKIN. Price 1s., per +Post. 1s. 2d. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS. + +OTTEWILL AND MORGAN'S + +Manufactory, 24. & 25. Charlotte Terrace, Caledonian Road, Islington. + +OTTEWILL'S Registered Double Body Folding Camera, adapted for Landscapes or +Portraits, may be had of A. ROSS. Featherstone Buildings, Holborn; the +Photographic Institution, Bond Street; and at the Manufactory as above, +where every description of Cameras, Slides, and Tripods may be had. The +Trade supplied. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS. + +KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and Price of +the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and Son's +Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various Materials, and +pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the Photographic Art. +Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps. + +Instructions given in every branch of the Art. + +An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic Specimens. + +GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London. + + * * * * * + + +COLLODION PORTRAITS AND VIEWS obtained with the greatest ease and certainty +by using BLAND & LONG'S preparation of Soluble Cotton; certainty and +uniformity of action over a lengthened period, combined with the most +faithful rendering of the half-tones, constitute this a most valuable agent +in the hands of the photographer. + +Albumenized paper, for printing from glass or paper negatives, giving a +minuteness of detail unattained by any other method, 5s. per Quire. + +Waxed and Iodized Papers of tried quality. + +Instruction in the Processes. + +BLAND & LONG, Opticians and Photographical Instrument Makers, and Operative +Chemists, 153. Fleet Street, London. + +*** Catalogues sent on application. + + * * * * * + + +THE SIGHT preserved by the Use of SPECTACLES adapted to suit every variety +of Vision by means of SMEE'S OPTOMETER, which effectually prevents Injury +to the Eyes from the Selection of Improper Glasses, and is extensively +employed by + +BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +{412} + +Sale of Photographic Pictures, Landscape Camera by Horne & Co.; Prints and +Drawings. + +PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by +AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, early in MAY, an important +Collection of Photographic Pictures by the most celebrated Artists and +Amateurs; comprising some _chefs d'oeuvre_ of the Art, amongst which are +large and interesting Views taken in Paris, Rouen, Brussels, Switzerland, +Rome, Venice, various parts of England and Scotland. Rustic Scenes, +Architectural Subjects, Antiquities, &c. Also, some interesting Prints and +Drawings. + +Catalogues will be sent on Application (if at a distance, on Receipt of Two +Stamps.) + + * * * * * + + +SALE of the REV. G. S. FABER'S LIBRARY.--MR. WHITE has received +instructions to sell by Auction in the House No. 1. North Bailey (next door +to the Exhibition Room), Durham, on Tuesday, May 9th, and three following +days, the extensive and valuable Library of the late REV. G. S. FABER, +Prebendary of Salisbury, and Master of Sherburn Hospital, Durham, +consisting of editions of the Fathers, Works on Divinity, General +Literature, &c. + +Catalogues are now ready, and may be had of MESSRS. F. & J. RIVINGTON, No. +3. Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, and of MR. S. LOW, 169. Fleet Street, London; +MESSRS. BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh; of MR. ANDREWS, Bookseller, Durham, +and of the Auctioneer. + +Catalogues will be forwarded by Post by MR. ANDREWS, Bookseller, Durham, on +receipt of Two Postage Stamps. + + * * * * * + + +PIANOFORTES, 25 Guineas each.--D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square +(established A.D. 1785), sole manufacturers of the ROYAL PIANOFORTES, at 25 +guineas each. Every instrument warranted. The peculiar advantages of these +pianofortes are best described in the following professional testimonial; +signed by the majority of the leading musicians of the age:--"We, the +under-signed members of the musical profession, having carefully examined +the Royal Pianofortes manufactured by MESSRS. D'ALMAINE & Co., have great +pleasure in bearing testimony to their merits and capabilities. It appears +to us impossible to produce instruments of the same size possessing a +richer and finer tone, more elastic touch, or more equal temperament, while +the elegance of their construction renders them a handsome ornament for the +library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. +Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, +E. F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. +Hasse, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. +Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee, A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. +Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry +Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank Romer, G. H. Rodwell, E. +Rockel, Sims Reeves, J. Templeton, Y. Weber, H. Westrop, T. H. Wright," &c. + +D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square. Lists and Designs Gratis. + + * * * * * + + +W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of +Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are +greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in +Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches +among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or +other Depositories of similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature, History, +Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had considerable +experience. + +1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY. + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY. + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + _Directors._ + + H. E. Bicknell, Esq. | T. Grissell, Esq. + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P. | J. Hunt, Esq. + G. H. Drew, Esq. | J. A. Lethbridge, Esq. + W. Evans, Esq. | E. Lucas, Esq. + W. Freeman, Esq. | J. Lys Seager, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. | J. B. White, Esq. + J. H. Goodhart, Esq. | J. Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, + Esq. + _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age L s. d. | Age L s. d. + 17 1 14 4 | 32 2 10 8 + 22 1 18 8 | 37 2 18 6 + 27 2 4 5 | 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +BANK OF DEPOSIT. + +No. 3. Pall Mall East, and 7. St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Square, London. + +_Established_ A.D. 1844. + +INVESTMENT ACCOUNTS may be opened daily, with capital of any amount. + +Interest payable in January and July. + + PETER MORRISON, + Managing Director. + +Prospectuses and Forms sent free on application. + + * * * * * + + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class X., +in Gold and Silver Cases in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, +may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, 65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +London Homoeopathic Hospital. + +32. GOLDEN SQUARE, + +Founded by the British Homoeopathic Association, October 10, 1849; opened +for the Reception of Patients, April 10, 1850. + + _Patroness._ + + Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge. + + _President._ + + Field-Marshal the Marquis of Anglesey, K.G., G.C.B. + + _Vice-Presidents._ + + His Grace the Archbishop of Dublin. + His Grace the Duke of Beaufort. + Right Hon. the Earl of Essex. + Right Hon. the Viscount Sydney. + Right Hon. the Lord Gray. + The Viscount Maldon. + Lord Francis Gordon. + Captain Lord C. Paget, R.N., M.P. + Captain Lord A. Paget, M.P + Colonel Lord G. Paget, M.P. + Colonel Wyndham. + F. Foster Quin, Esq., M.D. + Marmaduke B. Sampson, Esq. + + _Treasurer._ + + Sir John Dean Paul, Bart., 217. Strand. + + * * * * * + +A CONVERSAZIONE + +(Instead of the Annual Dinner), + +In Aid of the Funds of this Hospital, will be held at + +THE HANOVER SQUARE ROOMS, + +On TUESDAY EVENING, May 2, at Eight o'clock. + +Tickets may be had at the Hospital, 32. Golden Square of Messrs. Aylott & +Jones, Paternoster Row; Mr. Bailliere, 219. Regent Street; Mr. Headland, +15. Princes Street, Hanover Square; Mr. Leath, Vere Street, Cavendish +Square, and St. Paul's Churchyard; Mr. Walker, Conduit Street; Mr. James +Epps, Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury Square, and Broad Street, City; Mr. +Turner, Piccadilly, Manchester; Mr. Thompson, Liverpool; and at all the +Homoeopathic Chemists and Booksellers. + +Single Tickets, 7s. 6d.; Family Tickets to admit Four, 1l. 4s. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION. + +THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and Continental +Artists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free Admission. + + L s. d. + A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent + Process 1 1 0 + Additional Copies (each) 0 5 0 + A Coloured Portrait, highly finished + (small size) 3 3 0 + A Coloured Portrait, highly finished + (larger size) 5 5 0 + +Miniatures, Oil Paintings, Water-Colour, and Chalk Drawings, Photographed +and Coloured in imitation of the Originals. Views of Country Mansions, +Churches, &c., taken at a short notice. + +Cameras, Lenses, and all the necessary Photographic Apparatus and +Chemicals, are supplied, tested, and guaranteed. + +Gratuitous Instruction is given to Purchasers of Sets of Apparatus. + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, +168. New Bond Street. + + * * * * * + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10 Stonefield Street, in the Parish of +St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. +Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. +Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of +London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, April 29, +1854. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 235, April +29, 1854, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 31359.txt or 31359.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/1/3/5/31359/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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