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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/29147-h.zip b/29147-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..ea24820 --- /dev/null +++ b/29147-h.zip diff --git a/29147-h/29147-h.htm b/29147-h/29147-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d13e6c3 --- /dev/null +++ b/29147-h/29147-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1042 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of Educational Work of the Boy Scouts, by Lorne W. Barclay. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> + + p {margin-top: .75em; + text-align: justify; + text-indent: 1.25em; + margin-bottom: .75em; + } + img {border: 0;} + .tnote {border: dashed 1px; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; padding-bottom: .5em; padding-top: .5em; + padding-left: .5em; padding-right: .5em;} + ins {text-decoration:none; border-bottom: thin dotted gray;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { + text-align: center; /* all headings centered */ + clear: both; + } + hr { width: 33%; + margin-top: 2em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + clear: both; + } + + table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;} + + body{margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%; + } + + .pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */ + /* visibility: hidden; */ + position: absolute; + left: 92%; + font-size: smaller; + text-align: right; + } /* page numbers */ + .copyright {text-align: center; font-size: 70%;} + .blockquot{margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 10%; text-align: justify;} + + .bbox {border: solid 2px; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; padding-bottom: .5em; padding-top: .5em; + padding-left: .5em; padding-right: .5em;} + .center {text-align: center;} + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + + .figcenter {margin: auto; text-align: center;} + + .hang1 {text-indent: -3em; margin-left: 3em; text-align: justify;} + + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +Project Gutenberg's Educational Work of the Boy Scouts, by Lorne W. Barclay + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Educational Work of the Boy Scouts + +Author: Lorne W. Barclay + +Release Date: June 17, 2009 [EBook #29147] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK EDUCATIONAL WORK OF THE BOY SCOUTS *** + + + + +Produced by David Edwards, Emmy and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by The +Internet Archive) + + + + + + +</pre> + + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[1]</a></span></p> + + + + +<div class='bbox'> +<h3>DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR</h3> + +<h4>BUREAU OF EDUCATION</h4> +</div><div class='bbox'> +<div class='center'>BULLETIN, 1921, No. 41</div> +<hr style="width: 25%;" /> +<h1>EDUCATIONAL WORK OF THE +BOY SCOUTS</h1> + +<h3>By</h3> + +<h2>LORNE W. BARCLAY</h2> + +<div class='center'> +DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION<br /> +BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA<br /> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 25%;" /> + +<div class='center'>[Advance sheets from the Biennial Survey of Education<br /> +in the United States, 1918-1920]<br /><br /></div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 200px;"> +<img src="images/logo.png" width="200" height="201" alt="Department of the Interior Logo" title="" /> +<br /><br /></div> +</div><div class='bbox'> +<div class='center'> +WASHINGTON<br /> +GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE<br /> +1921<br /></div> +</div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[2]</a></span></p> + + + + +<div class='copyright'><br /><br /> +ADDITIONAL COPIES<br /> +OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM<br /> +THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS<br /> +GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE<br /> +WASHINGTON, D. C.<br /> +AT<br /> +5 CENTS PER COPY<br /></div> + + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /><p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span></p> + +<h2>EDUCATIONAL WORK OF THE BOY SCOUTS.</h2> + +<div class='center'>By <span class="smcap">Lorne W. Barclay.</span><br /> + +<i>Director of the Department of Education, Boy Scouts of America.</i></div> + +<hr style="width: 25%;" /> + +<div class="hang1"><span class="smcap">Contents.</span>—Scouting and the schools—Scouting and citizenship—The pioneer scout—Seascouting, +a branch of the Boy Scouts of America—National Councils endeavor to +discover vital facts in regard to the boyhood of the Nation—International aspects of +scouting—Scout handbooks, organs, and other literature—Motion pictures for boys.</div> + +<hr style="width: 25%;" /> + + +<h3>SCOUTING AND THE SCHOOLS.</h3> + +<p>Scouting continues to enjoy the cordial indorsement of school men +everywhere all over the country. More and more those interested are +coming to see the enormous possibilities of cooperation between the +scout movement and the schools. Many schools now give credit for +scout work done outside of the schools. Many more are in hearty +sympathy with the program as an extraschool activity.</p> + +<p>In 1919 there were organized in connection with public schools 1,942 +troops and 170 in connection with private schools. The records also +show that for the same year 1,623 scoutmasters were also school-teachers. +Many troops have their meetings in the school buildings and in +turn render good service by taking charge of fire drills, first aid and +safety first instruction, yard clean ups, flag drills, etc.</p> + +<p>Scout leaders take the utmost pains to see that scout activities do +not in any way interfere with school duties, and troop meetings are +regularly held on Friday evening for that reason. The best results +have been obtained not by formalizing scouting, but by supplementing +and vitalizing the book work by the practical activities of the +scout program. Through scouting many a boy's healthy curiosity to +know has been whetted, so that he comes for perhaps the first time in +his life to see "sense" in books. As one school man has said, "Scouting +has done what no other system yet devised has done—made the +boy <i>want to learn</i>."</p> + +<p>The National Education Association, meeting in Chicago in 1919, +had a special scouting section which was particularly helpful, interesting, +and conducive to closer cooperation between the scout movement +and the public schools.</p> + +<p>The department of education of the National Council is at present +engaged in working out the development of a national policy governing +the relations between scouting and the schools, for important and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span> +successful as the work has hitherto been, it is believed that only the +very outskirts of the possible fields of mutual helpfulness have yet +been reached.</p> + + +<h3><br />SCOUTING AND CITIZENSHIP.</h3> + +<p>The making of good citizens is one of the chief aims of the scout +movement. Everything in its program contributes directly and indirectly +to this end. Every boy who associates himself with the +movement is impressed with a sense of personal responsibility. If +he sees a heap of rubbish that might cause a fire or collect disease-carrying +germs, he is taught to report these traps to the proper +authorities without delay. He is enlisted in every movement for +community betterment and good health. Scouts are organized for +service and have participated in hundreds of city-clean-up and city-beautiful, +and "walk-rite" campaigns. They fight flies and mosquitoes +and fever-carrying rats. They assist forest wardens and +park commissioners in preserving and protecting trees and planting +new ones. They help the police in handling traffic in crowded conditions, +as in parades, fairs, etc., and work with fire departments in +spreading public information as to fire prevention, as well as actively +participating in cooperation with fire brigades.</p> + +<p>All this means the making of an intelligent, alert, responsible citizenry, +dedicated to being helpful to all people at all times, to keep +themselves physically strong, mentally awake, morally straight, to +do their duty to God and country.</p> + + +<h3><br />THE PIONEER SCOUT.</h3> + +<p>In order that boys who live in remote country districts may enjoy +the benefits of the scout training, even though it is not possible +for them to join a regular troop, the Pioneer Division of the Boy +Scouts of America has been established. Pioneer Scouts follow the +same program as other scouts do, taking their tests from a specially +appointed local examiner, usually a teacher, pastor, or employer. +On January 31, 1920, there were 758 active Pioneer Scouts on record +at national headquarters. Much interest has been manifested in +this branch of scouting, which has been found to fill a real need +among country boys. The State agricultural departments and colleges +have given generous aid and indorsement, as have also the +Grange, Antituberculosis League, and other local institutions. The +United States Department of Agriculture is also lending its hearty +support and indorsement to this branch of scout work. The Secretary +of Agriculture, the Hon. E. T. Meredith, says: "The Boy +Scout program fits in with the work of the rural school, the rural +church, the agricultural boys' club, and other rural welfare organizations. +They should go hand in hand."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span></p> + + +<h3><br />SCOUTING AND AMERICANIZATION.</h3> + +<p>Mr. James E. West, Chief Scout Executive, makes the following +statement in his tenth annual report rendered to the National +Council, Boy Scouts of America:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>The tremendous value of the Boy Scout movement in the Americanization +problems of this country has been recognized by the division of citizenship +training, Bureau of Naturalization, Department of Labor, from whom was received +a request that Boy Scouts distribute letters and cards among aliens in +the interest of the educational work of the division of citizenship training. A +study of the indorsements of the movement by national leaders (selected from +the many received) will reveal similar recognition in such quarters. Many +leaders in the organization, from coast to coast, have long recognized that the +Boy Scouts of America enjoy a high privilege as well as a high responsibility +in truly democratizing the boyhood of this country.</p> + +<p>The foreign-born boy and the son of foreign-born parents sit side by side +with native-born boys (as they should) in our schools. They mingle in their +play and in their homes. They are one boyhood. But it is a boyhood of marvelously +diverse racial characteristics and tendencies. Moreover, this boyhood is +the future manhood of America. And the boy inside each individual in this +8,000,000 or so of American youth instinctively responds to the Boy Scout program. +As America is the melting pot of the nations, even so scouting is the +melting pot of the boys of the nations.</p> + +<p>Fortunately, the program needs no modifications or special manipulation +to "Americanize" its followers. It is inherently an Americanizing program. +In Manhattan's crowded East Side, since 1912, when the first scout troop was +founded there, thousands of boys have taken the Scout Oath and Law and +followed its principles and lived its out-of-door life. To-day there are 25 troops +in New York City, numbering 800 boys. Every scoutmaster and assistant scoutmaster +in the district is an ex-scout. These troops have a splendid record of +war-service work, and it has been declared of them that they were the greatest +single agency in operation rightly to interpret the war to their foreign-born +neighbors.</p> + +<p>The aggressive introduction of scouting into all our industrial sections, the +enlistment of the men of those sections (who are eligible) as local council +members, troop committeemen, scoutmasters, the fullest possible round of +scouting activities for the men and the boys in this country who do not yet +know America, but aspire to be her sons, will help to solve all our industrial +problems and preserve our national ideals and institutions.</p></div> + + +<h3><br />SEA SCOUTING—A BRANCH OF THE BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA.</h3> + +<p>Sea scouting is another important branch of scouting which aims +to develop water scouting and nautical activities and training of all +sorts. Chief Sea Scout James A. Wilder says:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Sea scouting is the way whereby scouting fulfills its obligation to the American +boy to prepare him for emergencies on water as well as on land. High officials +of the Navy and the merchant marine have expressed their unqualified approval +of the entire program of seamanship, watermanship, cloud study, sailmaking, +boats under oars and sail, shore camping, and the other fascinating activities. +Our merchant marine languishes for lack of instructed seamen. It is not a far +cry to the time when boys who have followed the seascout program will be<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span> +found in the four quarters of the globe, doing business on great waters because +they, as sea scouts, received the same training which helped keep our +flag flying on the seven seas.</p></div> + +<p>During the year 1919 the sea scouting department tripled its membership +and had regularly commissioned ships in 19 States. It is +essentially an older-boy plan and is not a substitute for scouting +but a development of it. Only boys over 15 years of age are eligible +to join a sea scout ship, though a preliminary rank, that of Cabin +Boy, is open to younger scouts who are able to meet certain tests in +"water preparedness" and take the Sea Promise.</p> + +<div class='center'><b>THE SEA PROMISE.</b></div> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>On my honor, I will, as a scout and as a cabin boy, do my best to become +proficient in scouting.</p></div> + +<div class="hang1">1. To learn swimming and always "be prepared" to render aid to those in +need in connection with water accidents.</div> + +<div class="hang1">2. To make it my practice to know the location of the life-saving devices +aboard every boat I go on, and to outline mentally any responsibility in +maintaining order for myself and shipmates in case of emergency.</div> + +<div class="hang1">3. To be vigilant and cautious, always guarding against water accidents.</div> + +<div class="hang1">4. To cooperate with the responsible authorities for the observance of all +regulations for the conduct and safety of boats and ever seek to preserve +the motto of the sea, "Women and Children First."</div> + +<p>Like all scouting, sea scouting is both recreation and education. A +sea scout has a jolly good time in the water and on it, but at the +same time he is acquiring a tremendous amount of practical knowledge +and nautical efficiency which will stand him in good stead +whether he follows the sea or not.</p> + + +<h3><br />NATIONAL COUNCIL'S ENDEAVOR TO DISCOVER VITAL FACTS +IN REGARD TO THE BOYHOOD OF THE NATION.</h3> + +<p>Earnest search reveals the lack of any comprehensive and uniform +data as to the youth of the Nation, although such data are absolutely +essential if we are to reach every boy and assure him the educational +and other opportunities to which he is entitled. At the instigation +of the chief scout executive, Mr. James E. West, the National Council +of the Boy Scouts of America is endeavoring to start in motion an +aggressive campaign in the ascertaining and collecting of such facts. +Each local council is charged with the responsibility of studying conditions +in its own locality. Realizing the importance of making this +study of nation-wide extension, the National Council, at its last annual +meeting (March, 1920), passed the following resolution:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Whereas the National Council of the Boy Scouts of America regard it of the +utmost importance that there should be available for use by the Boy Scouts of +America and other organizations interested in the welfare of the youth of the +Nation all possible data relating to this subject; and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span></p> + +<p>Whereas investigation has proved that <ins title="Transcriber's Note: original reads 'pracically'">practically</ins> no uniform data of this +sort are at present available as a basis for a thorough study of the situation and +further development of their respective programs for service to the youth of +our Nation:</p> + +<p><i>Resolved</i>, That the National Council of the Boy Scouts of America in tenth +annual meeting now assembled requests that the Federal Government and the +various States of the United States shall, at their earliest conveniences, through +their various appropriate departments, collate and make available for our use +and that of other organizations such data as will provide intelligent, efficient, +and economic promotion of the program devoted to making of good citizenship, +and</p> + +<p><i>Be it further resolved</i>, That the United States Bureau of Education, Census +Bureau, and the Department of Child Welfare be especially urged to collate +such data as are absolutely necessary for a thorough investigation of the problems +involved; and</p> + +<p><i>Be it further resolved</i>, That if sufficient funds are not at the present time +available for this absolutely essential purpose, the Congress of the United +States and the legislatures of the various States of the Union be urged to immediately +make such appropriation as may be necessary for carrying out this +purpose.</p></div> + + +<h3><br />INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF SCOUTING.</h3> + +<p>Scouting as a world movement was represented in the summer of +1920 by the International Scout Jamboree held at London, England, +at which delegates were present from 34 of the 53 nations in which +scouting is definitely established. The Boy Scouts of America were +represented by a group of about 250 scouts and scout leaders representing +the whole country. The gathering was most interesting and +impressive in every way, and the value of the scout movement in +training boys to healthful, useful activities by a program which is +both educational and recreational was triumphantly demonstrated. +Aside from their participation in the jamboree itself, the trip was of +immense value to our own boys, as it allowed of extensive visiting of +points of interest and historic association both in England and +France, and in Belgium, where the delegation was reviewed by King +Albert, of Belgium.</p> + +<p>At the invitation of the American Committee for Devastated +France, the National Council loaned its department of education director, +Mr. Lorne W. Barclay, to be in charge of the scout camp at +Compiegne, France, on the bank of the Aisne.</p> + + +<h3><br />SCOUT HANDBOOKS, ORGANS, AND OTHER LITERATURE.</h3> + +<p><i>Handbook for Boys.</i>—The Handbook for Boys continues to be +increasingly in demand. Two or three printings of the book are required +annually, each printing including a 1,000,000 edition, to supply +the demand for what is said to be the most popular boy's book in +the world. It is now in its twenty-fourth edition and is the official +interpretation of the scout movement.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span></p> + +<p><i>Leaders' handbooks.</i>—The new Scoutmaster's Handbook contains +a wealth of valuable material for scout leaders and other adults interested +in the movement. It is prepared by experts and based upon +sound pedagogical principles as well as good scouting. The new +handbook for executives, called Community Boy Leadership, is now +in circulation and is proving valuable.</p> + +<p><i>Magazines.</i>—Boy's Life, the official scout magazine for boys, is a +live, wholesome, interesting publication issued monthly, containing +stories and articles by well-known authors and specialists.</p> + +<p><i>Scouting</i>, issued monthly, is prepared especially for scout leaders +not under council, while The Scout Executive, another monthly bulletin, +is directed chiefly to the field under council.</p> + +<p><i>Merit Badge pamphlets.</i>—The editorial department of the Boy +Scouts of America has prepared and edited a series of valuable +pamphlets in connection with the Merit Badge subjects, which +is filling a long-felt want among scouts and others interested. There +are 68 different pamphlets, each written by a recognized authority in +the respective subject, and each submitted before printing to a large +number of experts, over 500 of whom were consulted for critical suggestion +and guidance. No effort has been spared to make these +booklets accurate and interesting. They contain over 3,000 pages of +printed matter and over 800 illustrations, as well as valuable bibliographies +and biographical matter. The pamphlets have already attracted +considerable favorable notice among school men, and several +colleges are placing the whole series in their reference libraries.</p> + +<p>A classified list of the subjects for which pamphlets have been issued +follows:</p> + + +<div class='center'><br />I. <i>Subjects that have to do with outdoor activities.</i></div> + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Subjects that have to do with outdoor activities."> +<tr><td align='right'>1.</td><td align='left'> Angling.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>2.</td><td align='left'> Archery.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>3.</td><td align='left'> Camping.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>4.</td><td align='left'> Cooking.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5.</td><td align='left'> Cycling.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>6.</td><td align='left'> Hiking.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>7.</td><td align='left'> Horsemanship.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>8.</td><td align='left'> Marksmanship.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>9.</td><td align='left'> Pathfinding.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>10.</td><td align='left'> Photography.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>11.</td><td align='left'> Pioneering.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>12.</td><td align='left'> Seamanship.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>13.</td><td align='left'> Stalking.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>14.</td><td align='left'> Swimming.</td></tr> +</table></div> + + + +<div class='center'><br />II. <i>Subjects that have to do with outdoor activities of a vocational nature.</i></div> + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Subjects that have to do with outdoor activities of a vocational nature"> +<tr><td align='right'>1.</td><td align='left'> Agriculture.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>2.</td><td align='left'> Beekeeping.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>3.</td><td align='left'> Bird study.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>4.</td><td align='left'> Botany.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5.</td><td align='left'> Conservation.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>6.</td><td align='left'> Dairying.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>7.</td><td align='left'> Forestry.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>8.</td><td align='left'> Gardening.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>9.</td><td align='left'> Poultry keeping.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>10.</td><td align='left'> Taxidermy.</td></tr> +</table></div> + + + +<div class='center'><br />III. <i>Subjects which have to do with modern application of mechanics.</i></div> + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Subjects which have to do with modern application of mechanics"> +<tr><td align='right'>1.</td><td align='left'> Automobiling.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>2.</td><td align='left'> Aviation.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>3.</td><td align='left'> Electricity.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>4.</td><td align='left'> Machinery.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5.</td><td align='left'> Signaling.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>6.</td><td align='left'> Wireless.</td></tr> +</table></div> + + + +<div class='center'><br />IV. <i>Subjects which have to do with the preservation of health and the saving +of life.</i></div> + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Subjects which have to do with the preservation of health and the saving of life"> +<tr><td align='right'>1.</td><td align='left'> Athletics.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>2.</td><td align='left'> First Aid.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>3.</td><td align='left'> First Aid to Animals.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>4.</td><td align='left'> Firemanship.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5.</td><td align='left'> Life Saving.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>6.</td><td align='left'> Personal Health.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>7.</td><td align='left'> Physical Development.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>8.</td><td align='left'> Public Health.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>9.</td><td align='left'> Safety First.</td></tr> +</table></div> + + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span></p> + + +<div class='center'><br />V. <i>Subjects which have to do with so-called "Trades."</i></div> + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Subjects which have to do with so-called 'Trades.'"> +<tr><td align='right'>1.</td><td align='left'> Blacksmithing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>2.</td><td align='left'> Carpentry.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right' valign='top'>3.</td><td align='left'> Craftsmanship, including Craftswork in Metal,<br /> Leather, Basketry, Pottery, Cement,<br /> Book-binding, Wood Carving.<br /> (7 separate pamphlets.)</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>4.</td><td align='left'> Handicraft.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5.</td><td align='left'> Leather working.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>6.</td><td align='left'> Masonry.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>7.</td><td align='left'> Mining.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>8.</td><td align='left'> Plumbing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>9.</td><td align='left'> Printing.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>10.</td><td align='left'> Surveying.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<div class='center'><br />VI. <i>Subjects which have to do with knowledge<br /> gained mainly from books and +laboratories, under instructors.</i></div> + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Subjects which have to do with knowledge gained mainly from books and laboratories, under instructors."> +<tr><td align='right'>1.</td><td align='left'> Astronomy.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>2.</td><td align='left'> Chemistry.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>3.</td><td align='left'> Business.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>4.</td><td align='left'> Civics.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5.</td><td align='left'> Interpreting.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>6.</td><td align='left'> Scholarship.</td></tr> +</table></div> + + +<div class='center'><br />VII. <i>Subjects which have to do with some form of art.</i></div> + + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="Subjects which have to do with some form of art."> +<tr><td align='right'>1.</td><td align='left'> Architecture.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>2.</td><td align='left'> Art.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>3.</td><td align='left'> Music (including Bugling).</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>4.</td><td align='left'> Painting.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='right'>5.</td><td align='left'> Sculpture.</td></tr> +</table></div> + + +<p><i>Other literature.</i>—The National Council also issues a large number +of other informational and interpretative publications, such as +the Manual of Customs and Drills, The Seascout Manual, What +Every Scoutmaster Wants to Know, Scouting and the Public Schools, +Your Boy and Scouting, What Scouts Do, Membership in the Boy +Scouts of America, The Boy Scout Movement (as approved by the +Religious Education Association), etc.</p> + +<p><i>Cooperation with publishers.</i>—The department during the year +has maintained through its director constant contact with publishers +and authors. More than 100 new books published for boys in 1919 +have been carefully examined (a good many in manuscript form) for +review in Boys' Life or inclusion in some one of our book lists and, +of these, of the few really good books for boys published in 1919, +it is a joy to report that more than half of these were first published +serially in Boys' Life, a record that stands alone.</p> + +<p><i>New books edited.</i>—The director has edited as usual the Boy +Scouts' Year Book, compiled from last year's issues of Boys' Life, +the sales of which have been more than a third larger than in previous +years. More notable still has been the success of the Boy +Scouts' Book of Stories, a compilation of stories of interest to boys +selected, one each, from the writings of our best American and English +short-story writers. The purpose of the director in editing such +a book was to interest boys in stories that have the quality of fine +writing, and so help to develop in them a taste for literature that +will make them lovers of the great and good books of all ages. The +very nature of the book warranted the conclusion that it would take +considerable time to make it a good seller. Once again the unexpected +has happened in that the first year's sales of the Boy Scouts' +Book of Stories has equaled the first year's sale of the Boy Scouts' +Year Book, and the present promise is that for years to come this<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span> +book will more than hold its own. In the coming year material is +being gathered for a companion volume to be published under the +title the Boy Scouts' Book of Stories in Verse.</p> + +<p><i>Motion pictures for scouts.</i>—The director of the library department +of the National Council, Mr. Franklin K. Matthews, has served +as a literary adviser to a motion-picture company. As a result of +this collaboration a large number of educational and scout films +have been put into circulation, including the popular "Knights of +the Square Table," by Chief Seascout James A. Wilder. It is believed +that these films offer splendid opportunities not only to show +the educational possibilities of the scout movement but also to interest +and instruct the public in the joys and benefits of outdoor life, the +necessity for safety first and fire-prevention measures, and other +features which are accentuated by the scout program. The films can +also be admirably used in connection with the Americanization +movement.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class='tnote'> +<h3>Transcriber's Notes:</h3> + +<p>This book uses both "Seascouting" and "Sea scouting" in their various forms.</p> + +<p>The only correction made is indicated by a dotted line under the correction. Scroll the mouse over the word and the original text will <ins title="Transcriber's Note: original reads 'apprear'">appear</ins>.</p> +</div> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Educational Work of the Boy Scouts, by +Lorne W. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Educational Work of the Boy Scouts + +Author: Lorne W. Barclay + +Release Date: June 17, 2009 [EBook #29147] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK EDUCATIONAL WORK OF THE BOY SCOUTS *** + + + + +Produced by David Edwards, Emmy and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by The +Internet Archive) + + + + + + + + + + + + +DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR + +BUREAU OF EDUCATION + +BULLETIN, 1921, No. 41 + +EDUCATIONAL WORK OF THE BOY SCOUTS + +By + +LORNE W. BARCLAY + + DIRECTOR OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION + BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA + + * * * * * + +[Advance sheets from the Biennial Survey of Education in the United +States, 1918-1920] + +[Illustration: Department of the Interior Logo] + + WASHINGTON + GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE + 1921 + + + + + ADDITIONAL COPIES + OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM + THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS + GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE + WASHINGTON, D. C. + AT + 5 CENTS PER COPY + + + + +EDUCATIONAL WORK OF THE BOY SCOUTS. + +By LORNE W. BARCLAY. + +_Director of the Department of Education, Boy Scouts of America._ + + * * * * * + + CONTENTS.--Scouting and the schools--Scouting and + citizenship--The pioneer scout--Seascouting, a + branch of the Boy Scouts of America--National + Councils endeavor to discover vital facts in + regard to the boyhood of the Nation--International + aspects of scouting--Scout handbooks, organs, and + other literature--Motion pictures for boys. + + * * * * * + + +SCOUTING AND THE SCHOOLS. + +Scouting continues to enjoy the cordial indorsement of school men +everywhere all over the country. More and more those interested are +coming to see the enormous possibilities of cooperation between the +scout movement and the schools. Many schools now give credit for scout +work done outside of the schools. Many more are in hearty sympathy with +the program as an extraschool activity. + +In 1919 there were organized in connection with public schools 1,942 +troops and 170 in connection with private schools. The records also show +that for the same year 1,623 scoutmasters were also school-teachers. +Many troops have their meetings in the school buildings and in turn +render good service by taking charge of fire drills, first aid and +safety first instruction, yard clean ups, flag drills, etc. + +Scout leaders take the utmost pains to see that scout activities do not +in any way interfere with school duties, and troop meetings are +regularly held on Friday evening for that reason. The best results have +been obtained not by formalizing scouting, but by supplementing and +vitalizing the book work by the practical activities of the scout +program. Through scouting many a boy's healthy curiosity to know has +been whetted, so that he comes for perhaps the first time in his life to +see "sense" in books. As one school man has said, "Scouting has done +what no other system yet devised has done--made the boy _want to +learn_." + +The National Education Association, meeting in Chicago in 1919, had a +special scouting section which was particularly helpful, interesting, +and conducive to closer cooperation between the scout movement and the +public schools. + +The department of education of the National Council is at present +engaged in working out the development of a national policy governing +the relations between scouting and the schools, for important and +successful as the work has hitherto been, it is believed that only the +very outskirts of the possible fields of mutual helpfulness have yet +been reached. + + +SCOUTING AND CITIZENSHIP. + +The making of good citizens is one of the chief aims of the scout +movement. Everything in its program contributes directly and indirectly +to this end. Every boy who associates himself with the movement is +impressed with a sense of personal responsibility. If he sees a heap of +rubbish that might cause a fire or collect disease-carrying germs, he is +taught to report these traps to the proper authorities without delay. He +is enlisted in every movement for community betterment and good health. +Scouts are organized for service and have participated in hundreds of +city-clean-up and city-beautiful, and "walk-rite" campaigns. They fight +flies and mosquitoes and fever-carrying rats. They assist forest wardens +and park commissioners in preserving and protecting trees and planting +new ones. They help the police in handling traffic in crowded +conditions, as in parades, fairs, etc., and work with fire departments +in spreading public information as to fire prevention, as well as +actively participating in cooperation with fire brigades. + +All this means the making of an intelligent, alert, responsible +citizenry, dedicated to being helpful to all people at all times, to +keep themselves physically strong, mentally awake, morally straight, to +do their duty to God and country. + + +THE PIONEER SCOUT. + +In order that boys who live in remote country districts may enjoy the +benefits of the scout training, even though it is not possible for them +to join a regular troop, the Pioneer Division of the Boy Scouts of +America has been established. Pioneer Scouts follow the same program as +other scouts do, taking their tests from a specially appointed local +examiner, usually a teacher, pastor, or employer. On January 31, 1920, +there were 758 active Pioneer Scouts on record at national headquarters. +Much interest has been manifested in this branch of scouting, which has +been found to fill a real need among country boys. The State +agricultural departments and colleges have given generous aid and +indorsement, as have also the Grange, Antituberculosis League, and other +local institutions. The United States Department of Agriculture is also +lending its hearty support and indorsement to this branch of scout work. +The Secretary of Agriculture, the Hon. E. T. Meredith, says: "The Boy +Scout program fits in with the work of the rural school, the rural +church, the agricultural boys' club, and other rural welfare +organizations. They should go hand in hand." + + +SCOUTING AND AMERICANIZATION. + +Mr. James E. West, Chief Scout Executive, makes the following statement +in his tenth annual report rendered to the National Council, Boy Scouts +of America: + + The tremendous value of the Boy Scout movement in + the Americanization problems of this country has + been recognized by the division of citizenship + training, Bureau of Naturalization, Department of + Labor, from whom was received a request that Boy + Scouts distribute letters and cards among aliens + in the interest of the educational work of the + division of citizenship training. A study of the + indorsements of the movement by national leaders + (selected from the many received) will reveal + similar recognition in such quarters. Many leaders + in the organization, from coast to coast, have + long recognized that the Boy Scouts of America + enjoy a high privilege as well as a high + responsibility in truly democratizing the boyhood + of this country. + + The foreign-born boy and the son of foreign-born + parents sit side by side with native-born boys (as + they should) in our schools. They mingle in their + play and in their homes. They are one boyhood. But + it is a boyhood of marvelously diverse racial + characteristics and tendencies. Moreover, this + boyhood is the future manhood of America. And the + boy inside each individual in this 8,000,000 or so + of American youth instinctively responds to the + Boy Scout program. As America is the melting pot + of the nations, even so scouting is the melting + pot of the boys of the nations. + + Fortunately, the program needs no modifications or + special manipulation to "Americanize" its + followers. It is inherently an Americanizing + program. In Manhattan's crowded East Side, since + 1912, when the first scout troop was founded + there, thousands of boys have taken the Scout Oath + and Law and followed its principles and lived its + out-of-door life. To-day there are 25 troops in + New York City, numbering 800 boys. Every + scoutmaster and assistant scoutmaster in the + district is an ex-scout. These troops have a + splendid record of war-service work, and it has + been declared of them that they were the greatest + single agency in operation rightly to interpret + the war to their foreign-born neighbors. + + The aggressive introduction of scouting into all + our industrial sections, the enlistment of the men + of those sections (who are eligible) as local + council members, troop committeemen, scoutmasters, + the fullest possible round of scouting activities + for the men and the boys in this country who do + not yet know America, but aspire to be her sons, + will help to solve all our industrial problems and + preserve our national ideals and institutions. + + +SEA SCOUTING--A BRANCH OF THE BOY SCOUTS OF AMERICA. + +Sea scouting is another important branch of scouting which aims to +develop water scouting and nautical activities and training of all +sorts. Chief Sea Scout James A. Wilder says: + + Sea scouting is the way whereby scouting fulfills + its obligation to the American boy to prepare him + for emergencies on water as well as on land. High + officials of the Navy and the merchant marine have + expressed their unqualified approval of the entire + program of seamanship, watermanship, cloud study, + sailmaking, boats under oars and sail, shore + camping, and the other fascinating activities. Our + merchant marine languishes for lack of instructed + seamen. It is not a far cry to the time when boys + who have followed the seascout program will be + found in the four quarters of the globe, doing + business on great waters because they, as sea + scouts, received the same training which helped + keep our flag flying on the seven seas. + +During the year 1919 the sea scouting department tripled its membership +and had regularly commissioned ships in 19 States. It is essentially an +older-boy plan and is not a substitute for scouting but a development of +it. Only boys over 15 years of age are eligible to join a sea scout +ship, though a preliminary rank, that of Cabin Boy, is open to younger +scouts who are able to meet certain tests in "water preparedness" and +take the Sea Promise. + +THE SEA PROMISE. + + On my honor, I will, as a scout and as a cabin + boy, do my best to become proficient in scouting. + + 1. To learn swimming and always "be prepared" to + render aid to those in need in connection with + water accidents. + + 2. To make it my practice to know the location of + the life-saving devices aboard every boat I go on, + and to outline mentally any responsibility in + maintaining order for myself and shipmates in case + of emergency. + + 3. To be vigilant and cautious, always guarding + against water accidents. + + 4. To cooperate with the responsible authorities + for the observance of all regulations for the + conduct and safety of boats and ever seek to + preserve the motto of the sea, "Women and Children + First." + +Like all scouting, sea scouting is both recreation and education. A sea +scout has a jolly good time in the water and on it, but at the same time +he is acquiring a tremendous amount of practical knowledge and nautical +efficiency which will stand him in good stead whether he follows the sea +or not. + + +NATIONAL COUNCIL'S ENDEAVOR TO DISCOVER VITAL FACTS IN REGARD TO THE +BOYHOOD OF THE NATION. + +Earnest search reveals the lack of any comprehensive and uniform data as +to the youth of the Nation, although such data are absolutely essential +if we are to reach every boy and assure him the educational and other +opportunities to which he is entitled. At the instigation of the chief +scout executive, Mr. James E. West, the National Council of the Boy +Scouts of America is endeavoring to start in motion an aggressive +campaign in the ascertaining and collecting of such facts. Each local +council is charged with the responsibility of studying conditions in its +own locality. Realizing the importance of making this study of +nation-wide extension, the National Council, at its last annual meeting +(March, 1920), passed the following resolution: + + Whereas the National Council of the Boy Scouts of + America regard it of the utmost importance that + there should be available for use by the Boy + Scouts of America and other organizations + interested in the welfare of the youth of the + Nation all possible data relating to this subject; + and + + Whereas investigation has proved that practically + no uniform data of this sort are at present + available as a basis for a thorough study of the + situation and further development of their + respective programs for service to the youth of + our Nation: + + _Resolved_, That the National Council of the Boy + Scouts of America in tenth annual meeting now + assembled requests that the Federal Government and + the various States of the United States shall, at + their earliest conveniences, through their various + appropriate departments, collate and make + available for our use and that of other + organizations such data as will provide + intelligent, efficient, and economic promotion of + the program devoted to making of good citizenship, + and + + _Be it further resolved_, That the United States + Bureau of Education, Census Bureau, and the + Department of Child Welfare be especially urged to + collate such data as are absolutely necessary for + a thorough investigation of the problems involved; + and + + _Be it further resolved_, That if sufficient funds + are not at the present time available for this + absolutely essential purpose, the Congress of the + United States and the legislatures of the various + States of the Union be urged to immediately make + such appropriation as may be necessary for + carrying out this purpose. + + +INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF SCOUTING. + +Scouting as a world movement was represented in the summer of 1920 by +the International Scout Jamboree held at London, England, at which +delegates were present from 34 of the 53 nations in which scouting is +definitely established. The Boy Scouts of America were represented by a +group of about 250 scouts and scout leaders representing the whole +country. The gathering was most interesting and impressive in every way, +and the value of the scout movement in training boys to healthful, +useful activities by a program which is both educational and +recreational was triumphantly demonstrated. Aside from their +participation in the jamboree itself, the trip was of immense value to +our own boys, as it allowed of extensive visiting of points of interest +and historic association both in England and France, and in Belgium, +where the delegation was reviewed by King Albert, of Belgium. + +At the invitation of the American Committee for Devastated France, the +National Council loaned its department of education director, Mr. Lorne +W. Barclay, to be in charge of the scout camp at Compiegne, France, on +the bank of the Aisne. + + +SCOUT HANDBOOKS, ORGANS, AND OTHER LITERATURE. + +_Handbook for Boys._--The Handbook for Boys continues to be increasingly +in demand. Two or three printings of the book are required annually, +each printing including a 1,000,000 edition, to supply the demand for +what is said to be the most popular boy's book in the world. It is now +in its twenty-fourth edition and is the official interpretation of the +scout movement. + +_Leaders' handbooks._--The new Scoutmaster's Handbook contains a wealth +of valuable material for scout leaders and other adults interested in +the movement. It is prepared by experts and based upon sound pedagogical +principles as well as good scouting. The new handbook for executives, +called Community Boy Leadership, is now in circulation and is proving +valuable. + +_Magazines._--Boy's Life, the official scout magazine for boys, is a +live, wholesome, interesting publication issued monthly, containing +stories and articles by well-known authors and specialists. + +_Scouting_, issued monthly, is prepared especially for scout leaders not +under council, while The Scout Executive, another monthly bulletin, is +directed chiefly to the field under council. + +_Merit Badge pamphlets._--The editorial department of the Boy Scouts of +America has prepared and edited a series of valuable pamphlets in +connection with the Merit Badge subjects, which is filling a long-felt +want among scouts and others interested. There are 68 different +pamphlets, each written by a recognized authority in the respective +subject, and each submitted before printing to a large number of +experts, over 500 of whom were consulted for critical suggestion and +guidance. No effort has been spared to make these booklets accurate and +interesting. They contain over 3,000 pages of printed matter and over +800 illustrations, as well as valuable bibliographies and biographical +matter. The pamphlets have already attracted considerable favorable +notice among school men, and several colleges are placing the whole +series in their reference libraries. + +A classified list of the subjects for which pamphlets have been issued +follows: + + +I. _Subjects that have to do with outdoor activities._ + + 1. Angling. + 2. Archery. + 3. Camping. + 4. Cooking. + 5. Cycling. + 6. Hiking. + 7. Horsemanship. + 8. Marksmanship. + 9. Pathfinding. + 10. Photography. + 11. Pioneering. + 12. Seamanship. + 13. Stalking. + 14. Swimming. + + +II. _Subjects that have to do with outdoor activities of a vocational +nature._ + + 1. Agriculture. + 2. Beekeeping. + 3. Bird study. + 4. Botany. + 5. Conservation. + 6. Dairying. + 7. Forestry. + 8. Gardening. + 9. Poultry keeping. + 10. Taxidermy. + + +III. _Subjects which have to do with modern application of mechanics._ + + 1. Automobiling. + 2. Aviation. + 3. Electricity. + 4. Machinery. + 5. Signaling. + 6. Wireless. + + +IV. _Subjects which have to do with the preservation of health and the +saving of life._ + + 1. Athletics. + 2. First Aid. + 3. First Aid to Animals. + 4. Firemanship. + 5. Life Saving. + 6. Personal Health. + 7. Physical Development. + 8. Public Health. + 9. Safety First. + + +V. _Subjects which have to do with so-called "Trades."_ + + 1. Blacksmithing. + 2. Carpentry. + 3. Craftsmanship, including Craftswork in + Metal, Leather, Basketry, Pottery, + Cement, Book-binding, Wood Carving. + (7 separate pamphlets.) + 4. Handicraft. + 5. Leather working. + 6. Masonry. + 7. Mining. + 8. Plumbing. + 9. Printing. + 10. Surveying. + +VI. _Subjects which have to do with knowledge gained mainly from books +and laboratories, under instructors._ + + 1. Astronomy. + 2. Chemistry. + 3. Business. + 4. Civics. + 5. Interpreting. + 6. Scholarship. + +VII. _Subjects which have to do with some form of art._ + + 1. Architecture. + 2. Art. + 3. Music (including Bugling). + 4. Painting. + 5. Sculpture. + +_Other literature._--The National Council also issues a large number of +other informational and interpretative publications, such as the Manual +of Customs and Drills, The Seascout Manual, What Every Scoutmaster Wants +to Know, Scouting and the Public Schools, Your Boy and Scouting, What +Scouts Do, Membership in the Boy Scouts of America, The Boy Scout +Movement (as approved by the Religious Education Association), etc. + +_Cooperation with publishers._--The department during the year has +maintained through its director constant contact with publishers and +authors. More than 100 new books published for boys in 1919 have been +carefully examined (a good many in manuscript form) for review in Boys' +Life or inclusion in some one of our book lists and, of these, of the +few really good books for boys published in 1919, it is a joy to report +that more than half of these were first published serially in Boys' +Life, a record that stands alone. + +_New books edited._--The director has edited as usual the Boy Scouts' +Year Book, compiled from last year's issues of Boys' Life, the sales of +which have been more than a third larger than in previous years. More +notable still has been the success of the Boy Scouts' Book of Stories, a +compilation of stories of interest to boys selected, one each, from the +writings of our best American and English short-story writers. The +purpose of the director in editing such a book was to interest boys in +stories that have the quality of fine writing, and so help to develop in +them a taste for literature that will make them lovers of the great and +good books of all ages. The very nature of the book warranted the +conclusion that it would take considerable time to make it a good +seller. Once again the unexpected has happened in that the first year's +sales of the Boy Scouts' Book of Stories has equaled the first year's +sale of the Boy Scouts' Year Book, and the present promise is that for +years to come this book will more than hold its own. In the coming year +material is being gathered for a companion volume to be published under +the title the Boy Scouts' Book of Stories in Verse. + +_Motion pictures for scouts._--The director of the library department of +the National Council, Mr. Franklin K. Matthews, has served as a literary +adviser to a motion-picture company. As a result of this collaboration a +large number of educational and scout films have been put into +circulation, including the popular "Knights of the Square Table," by +Chief Seascout James A. Wilder. It is believed that these films offer +splendid opportunities not only to show the educational possibilities of +the scout movement but also to interest and instruct the public in the +joys and benefits of outdoor life, the necessity for safety first and +fire-prevention measures, and other features which are accentuated by +the scout program. The films can also be admirably used in connection +with the Americanization movement. + + * * * * * + +Transcriber's Notes: + +This book uses both "Seascouting" and "Sea scouting" in their various +forms. + +Page 7, "pracically" changed to "practically" (that practically no +uniform) + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Educational Work of the Boy Scouts, by +Lorne W. 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