diff options
| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 02:46:57 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 02:46:57 -0700 |
| commit | 21f3e42d5e8c08c0a5188cc819478d15e6c6232b (patch) | |
| tree | aa167cb502da134b8b1fd45df3183d97e82a9446 | |
| -rw-r--r-- | .gitattributes | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-8.txt | 2673 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-8.zip | bin | 0 -> 44787 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h.zip | bin | 0 -> 1359804 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/29136-h.htm | 2881 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_001.jpg | bin | 0 -> 124441 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_002.jpg | bin | 0 -> 142826 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_003.jpg | bin | 0 -> 83318 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_004.jpg | bin | 0 -> 105087 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_005.jpg | bin | 0 -> 141164 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_006.jpg | bin | 0 -> 67862 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_007.jpg | bin | 0 -> 12439 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_008.jpg | bin | 0 -> 39869 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_009.jpg | bin | 0 -> 52293 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_010.jpg | bin | 0 -> 326248 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_011.jpg | bin | 0 -> 59362 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_012.jpg | bin | 0 -> 12326 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_013.jpg | bin | 0 -> 32434 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_014.jpg | bin | 0 -> 4909 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_015.jpg | bin | 0 -> 12447 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136-h/images/ill_016.jpg | bin | 0 -> 98362 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136.txt | 2673 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 29136.zip | bin | 0 -> 44768 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | LICENSE.txt | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 2 |
25 files changed, 8243 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/29136-8.txt b/29136-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..48b1727 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2673 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, September 14, 1880, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, September 14, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: June 16, 2009 [EBook #29136] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, SEP 14, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: HARPER'S + +YOUNG PEOPLE + +AN ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY.] + + * * * * * + +VOL. I.--NO. 46. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR +CENTS. + +Tuesday, September 14, 1880. Copyright, 1880, by HARPER & BROTHERS. +$1.50 per Year, in Advance. + + * * * * * + + + + +[Illustration: CALLING THE ROLL.--DRAWN BY T. THULSTRUP.] + +WHO WAS PAUL GRAYSON? + +BY JOHN HABBERTON, + +AUTHOR OF "HELEN'S BABIES." + + +CHAPTER I. + +THE NEW PUPIL. + +The boys who attended Mr. Morton's Select School in the village of +Laketon did not profess to know more than boys of the same age and +advantages elsewhere; but of one thing they were absolutely certain, and +that was that no teacher ever rang his bell to assemble the school or +call the boys in from recess until just that particular instant when the +fun in the school-yard was at its highest, and the boys least wanted to +come in. A teacher might be very fair about some things: he might help a +boy through a hard lesson, or give him fewer bad marks than he had +earned; he might even forget to report to a boy's parent's all the cases +of truancy in which their son had indulged; but when a teacher once +laid his hand upon that dreadful bell and stepped to the window, it +really seemed as if every particle of human sympathy went out of him. + +On one bright May morning, however, the boys who made this regular daily +complaint were few; indeed, all of them, except Bert Sharp, who had +three consecutive absences to explain, and no written excuse from his +father to help him out, were already inside the school-room, and even +Bert stood where he could look through the open door while he cudgelled +his wits and smothered his conscience in the endeavor to frame an +explanation that might seem plausible. The boys already inside lounged +near any desks but their own, and conversed in low tones about almost +everything except the subject upper-most in their minds, this subject +being a handsome but rather sober-looking boy of about fourteen years, +who was seated at a desk in the back part of the room, and trying, +without any success whatever, to look as if he did not know that all the +other boys were looking at him. + +It was not at all wonderful that the boys stared, for none of them had +ever before seen the new pupil, and Laketon was so small a town that the +appearance of a strange boy was almost as unusual an event as the coming +of a circus. + +"Let's give it up," said Will Palmer, who had for five minutes been +discussing with several other boys all sorts of improbabilities about +the origin of the new pupil; "let's give it up until roll-call; then +we'll learn his name, and that'll be a little comfort." + +"I wish Mr. Morton would hurry, then," said Benny Mallow. "I came early +this morning to see if I couldn't win back my striped alley from Ned +Johnston, and this business has kept us from playing a single game. +Quick, boys, quick! Mr. Morton's getting ready to touch the bell." + +The group separated in an instant, and every member was seated before +the bell struck; so were most of the other boys, and so many pairs of +eyes looked inquiringly at the teacher that Mr. Morton himself had to +bite his lower lip very hard to keep from laughing as he formally rang +the school to order. As the roll was called, the boys answered to their +names in a prompt, sharp, business-like way, quite unusual in +school-rooms; and as the call proceeded, the responses became so quick +as to sometimes get a little ahead of the names that the boys knew were +coming. + +Suddenly, as the names beginning with G were reached, and Charlie Gunter +had his mouth wide open, ready to say "Here," the teacher called, "Paul +Grayson." + +"Here!" answered the new boy. + +A slight sensation ran through the school; no boy did anything for which +he had to be called to order, yet somehow the turning of heads, the +catching of breath, and the letting go of breath that had been held in +longer than usual made a slight commotion, which reached the ears of the +strange pupil, and made his look rather more ill at ease than before. +The answers to the roll became at once less spirited; indeed, Benny +Mallow was staring so hard, now that he had a name to increase his +interest in the stranger, that he forgot entirely to answer to his name, +and was compelled to sit on the chair beside the teacher's desk from +that moment until recess. + +That recess seemed longer in coming than any other that the school had +ever known--longer even than that memorable one in which a strolling +trio of Italian musicians had been specially contracted with to begin +playing in the school-yard the moment the boys came down. Finally, +however, the bell rang half past ten, and the whole roomful hurried down +stairs, but not before Mr. Morton had called Joe Appleby, the largest +boy in school, and formally introduced Paul Grayson, with the expressed +wish that he should make his new companion feel at home among the boys. + +Appleby went about his work with an air that showed how fully he +realized the importance of his position: he introduced Grayson to every +boy, beginning with the largest; and it was in vain that Benny Mallow, +who was the youngest of the party, made all sorts of excuses to throw +himself in the way of the distinguished couple, even to the extent of +once getting his feet badly mixed up with those of Grayson. When, +however, the ceremony ended, and Appleby was at liberty, so many of the +boys crowded around him, that the new pupil was in some danger of being +lonely. + +"Find out for yourselves," was Appleby's dignified and general reply to +his questioners. "I don't consider it gentlemanly to tell everything I +know about a man." + +At this rebuke the smaller boys considered Appleby a bigger man than +ever before, but some of the larger ones hinted that Appleby couldn't +very well tell what he didn't know, at which Appleby took offense, and +joined the group of boys who were leaning against a fence, in the shade +of which Will Palmer had already inveigled the new boy into +conversation. + +"By-the-way," said Will, "there's time yet for a game or two of ball. +Will you play?" + +"Yes, I'll be glad to," said Grayson. + +"Who else?" asked Will. + +"I!" shouted all of the boys, who did not forget their grammar so far as +to say "Me!" instead. Really, the eagerness of the boys to play ball had +never before been equalled in the memory of any one present, and Will +Palmer cooled off some quite warm friends by his inability to choose +more than two boys to complete the quartette for a common game of ball. +It did the disappointed boys a great deal of good to hear the teacher's +bell ring just as Will Palmer "caught himself in" to Grayson's bat. + +"You play a splendid game," said Will to Grayson as they went up stairs +side by side. "Where did you learn it?" + +Joe Appleby, who was on the step in front of the couple, dragged just an +instant in order to catch the expected information, but all he got was a +bump from Palmer, that nearly tumbled him forward on his dignified nose, +as Grayson answered, + +"Oh, in several places; nowhere in particular." + +Palmer immediately determined that he would follow his new schoolmate +home at noon, and discover where he lived. Then he would interview the +neighbors, and try to get some information ahead of that stuck-up Joe +Appleby, who, considering he was only four months older than Palmer +himself, put on too many airs for anything. But when school was +dismissed, Palmer was disgusted at noting that at least half of the +other boys were distributing themselves for just such an operation as +the one he had planned. Besides, Grayson did not come down stairs with +the crowd. Could it be possible that he was from the country, and had +brought a cold lunch to school with him? Palmer hurried up the stairs to +see, but met the teacher and the new boy coming down, and the two walked +away, and together entered the house of old Mrs. Bartle, where Mr. +Morton boarded. + +"He's a boarding scholar," exclaimed Benny Mallow. "I've read of such +things in books." + +"Then he'll be stuck up," declared Joe Appleby. + +This opinion was delivered with a shake of the head that seemed to +intimate that Joe had known all the ways of boarding scholars for +thousands of years; so most of the boys looked quite sober for a moment +or two. Finally Sam Wardwell, whose father kept a store, broke the +silence by remarking, "I'll bet he's from Boston; his coat is of just +the same stuff as one that a drummer wears who comes to see father +sometimes." + +"Umph!" grunted Appleby; "do you suppose Boston has some kinds of cloth +all to itself? _You_ don't know much." + +The smaller boys seemed to side with the senior pupil in this opinion; +so Sam felt very uncomfortable, and vowed silently that he would bring a +piece of chalk to school that very afternoon, and do some rapid +sketching on the back of Appleby's own coat. Then Benny Mallow said: +"Say, boys, this old school must be a pretty good one, after all, if +people somewhere else send boarders to it. His folks must be rich: did +you notice what a splendid knife he cut his finger-nails with?--'twas a +four-blader, with a pearl handle. But of course you didn't see it, and I +did; he used it in school, and my desk is right beside his." + +Will Palmer immediately led Benny aside, and offered him a young +fan-tail pigeon, when his long-expected brood was hatched, to change +desks, if the teacher's permission could be obtained. Meanwhile Napoleon +Nott, who generally was called Notty, and who had more imagination than +all the rest of the boys combined, remarked, "I believe he's a foreign +prince in disguise." + +"He's well-bred, anyhow," said Will Palmer to Benny Mallow. "I hope +he'll be man enough to stand no nonsense. He's big enough, and smart +enough, if looks go for anything, to run this school, and I'd like to +see him do it--anything to get rid of Joe Appleby's airs." + +Then the various groups separated, moved by the appetites that boys in +good health always have. One boy, however--Joe Appleby--was man enough +to deny his palate when greater interests devolved upon him, so he made +some excuse to go back to the school-room, so as to be there when the +teacher and his new charge returned. Half an hour later Benny Mallow, +who had sneaked away from home as soon as the dessert had been brought +in, and had vulgarly eaten his pie as he walked along the street--Benny +Mallow walked into the school-room, and beheld the teacher, Joe Appleby, +and Paul Grayson standing together as if they had been talking. As Benny +went to his seat Joe followed him, and bestowed upon him a look of such +superiority that Benny determined at once that some marvellous mystery +must have been revealed, and that Joe was the custodian of the entire +thing. Benny was so full of this fancy that he slipped down stairs and +told it as fact to each boy who appeared, the result being to make Joe +Appleby a greater man than ever in the eyes of the school, while Grayson +became a tormenting yet most invaluable mystery. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +GOOD-BY. + +BY MARY D. BRINE. + + + Good-by, vacation, you jolly old time-- + Good-by to your idle hours; + Good-by to dear fields and mountains and glens, + And the beautiful sweet wild flowers; + Good-by to the hours of frolic and fun, + And to freedom's all-glorious reign; + For vacation is ended, it's season is o'er, + And now for our school life again. + + No longer the fences we'll merrily scale, + Nor climb to the tree-tops each day; + But the ladder of learning before us is raised, + And upward we'll wend our way. + Ah, deep in our hearts will the memory lie + Of the happy old days so dear, + And over our books we will wearily sigh, + "Oh, would our vacation were here!" + + The bright days yet linger, the grass still is green, + Not yet have the mountains turned gray; + But what are the charms of sweet nature, alas! + Since vacation has vanished away? + But there is one comfort--the seasons roll round, + And all in good time we shall hear + Dame Nature's glad joy-bell ring gayly once more, + "School is out, and vacation is here." + + + + +THE 'LONGSHORE YACHT CLUB. + +BY WILLIAM O. STODDARD. + + +"Yes, boys, de tide's a-comin' in now. Dat yot ob mine'll float afore +long." + +"General," said Bob Fogg, "may we have your skiff for our yacht club a +little while to-day?" + +"No, sah," replied George Washington, positively, with a wide grin on +his wrinkled, old, very black face. "De club can't hab no skiff ob mine. +Ef dey wants to borry my yot, dey can, dough." + +"Bob," said Tommy Conners, "don't you know a sailin' vessel from a +skiff?" + +"Look at the mast," said Gus Martin. + +"And the sail," said Stuyvesant Rankin, with some dignity. + +"Now, Sty," said General George Washington, as he limped a few feet +further from the spot where his rugged-looking old boat lay stuck in the +mud, "wot do you know 'bout sails? Youah mudder nebber went to sea. +She's a dressmaker." + +"We can have the yacht, then, General, mast and sail and all?" + +The little old black man evidently liked the members of that club, but +he shook his grizzled head doubtfully. "You mought tip ober, and git +yerselves drownded." + +"No, we won't," exclaimed Put Varick; "every one of us can swim across +the Harlem and back again." + +"'Cept wen de tide's runnin' too strong. Well, it's wuff w'ile dat you +kin swim. I 'mos' upsot her myself dis berry mornin' comin' home. +Wouldn't I lost a heap ob crabs! More'n a bushel. Real blue-leg channel +crabs, bestest kind." + +There was more to be said, but the yacht club carried the day, and the +General limped off, turning now and then to chuckle, as he saw his young +friends crowding into the wonderful craft on the mud. + +"Ef dey hasn't h'isted de sail! Yah! yah! Gwine to sail dat yot ob mine +right across de sand-bank!" + +There was hardly wind enough for that; but it would be some time before +the tide would rise high enough to float the boat, and the club were not +in a state of mind to wait. + +"Tell you what, boys, we'll have a cruise," said Bob Fogg. "She's a +beauty. Let's have a 'lection of officers before we start." + +They were all agreed on that, but Joe McGinnis insisted that the +grown-up yacht clubs never had any elections. + +"They just draw cuts, boys, and they give the longest straw to the man +that owns the club, to begin with." + +"That's the best way," said Tommy Conners; "but the General's gone +home." + +"I'll take his cut for him," shouted Bob Fogg. "I'll choose to be +Bo's'n, 'cause I know how to steer." + +Nobody objected, although every member of the club said he knew how to +steer, and Sty Rankin had a lot of straws ready in half a minute. + +Tommy Conners drew the longest straw, and said he would be Captain; but +when Gus Martin came next, and decided to be a Commodore, Tommy +muttered, ruefully, "I'd forgot about that." + +Stuyvesant Rankin's memory was still better, for he had hardly compared +his straw with the others before he shouted, "I'll be Admiral of this +club." + +Put Varick was so stunned by that that he only said, "I'm Cook; there +won't be any work for me this trip." + +"What am I, then?" asked Joe McGinnis, with the shortest straw in his +hand. + +"You?" said Bob Fogg; "why, you're the Crew. Take hold of that larboard +oar, and pull it out of the mud. There's those three landlubbers up on +the bank. They'd pelt us if they dared." + +The three landlubbers were there, and they were making loud remarks +about the club, but the yacht was almost ready to float now, and no +attention could be paid to them. + +Just beyond the little creek where General George Washington kept his +boat spread the busy waters of the Harlem River, with the great city of +New York on both sides, but not very close to the edge of it. It was a +very busy sheet of water indeed. There were small steamboats carrying +passengers here and there; little tug-boats tugged and puffed and +coughed at the sides of big schooners loaded with lumber from Maine; +long race-boats, with gayly dressed oarsmen, darted swiftly over the +water, like great wooden pickerel, they were so long and sharp and +narrow. There were fishing-boats, pleasure-boats, steam-launches, even +canoes that were driven by one man and a paddle. But among them all +there was no other craft like General George Washington's "yot." + +"Boys," exclaimed Captain Conners, "we've forgotten." + +"What?" said Admiral Rankin. + +"To name the boat." + +"Oh, that's all right!" said Commodore Martin. "The General named her +himself. She's the _Hail Columbia_." + +"Admiral," shouted Boatswain Bob Fogg, "she's beginning to float. You +get away forward there, beyond the mast. Captain, you and the Commodore +get in the middle. Now, Cook, you and the Crew pull hard a minute, and +we'll be out of the mud." + +The Admiral obeyed, although there was hardly room to squeeze into, and +the mast crowded his back a little. The Cook and the Crew also obeyed, +and the _Hail Columbia_ suddenly shot away from the bank, and around the +head of the rotten old wooden pier. + +"If there ain't those three landlubbers," exclaimed Boatswain Fogg, "out +on the pier head. And they've got a lot of half-bricks to spatter us +with." + +[Illustration: THE YACHT CLUB STARTS ON ITS ANNUAL CRUISE.] + +There they were; but at that moment the wind came up with a sudden puff, +and filled the sail which the genius of the General had added to the +motive power of that "yot." It was just at the wrong moment, for Captain +Tommy Conners and Commodore Gus Martin were having an argument over an +extra oar they had found in the bottom of the boat, and they were +rocking it badly. The Cook was rowing his best, but the tip of the boat +sent his oar deep under water, and the Crew suddenly found his oar +lifted out into the air. + +"Joe McGinnis, you've caught a crab," exclaimed Boatswain Fogg. But +before he could say anything to the Captain and the Commodore, the three +landlubbers were at work. + +Splash, splash, splatter! how those bricks and sticks did fall around +the _Hail Columbia_! + +"Oh dear!" said Admiral Stuyvesant Rankin to himself, in the bows. "If +the yacht upsets, I'm the only member of the club that's got a new coat +on." + +The breeze came fresher and fresher, and in a minute more the _Hail +Columbia_ was out of reach of the "battery" on the pier head. Her sable +owner, however, was watching her from the door of his cabin with genuine +pride. + +"Don't she go! Don't she jest slip fru de watah! She does moah sailin' +to de squar' foot dan any odder yot on de ribber." + +So she did, if he meant that it took her longer to travel that foot, or +any other. + +It was no joke to be "Bo's'n" of the _Hail Columbia_, as Bob Fogg soon +found out. + +"Tell you what, boys," he said, "it's 'cause she hasn't any keel on her. +I have to keep steering all the while. There's no saying where she won't +go to." + +"Keep along shore," shouted the Admiral from the bows. "You're heading +out into the river." + +"Now, Sty, if you think you can steer this yacht better than I can, just +you come aft and try." + +"Hey, there, you young pirates! Where are you heading for?" + +It was the shout of a big-armed young fellow in a shell race-boat, who +found himself suddenly compelled to pull to the right desperately to +avoid being run down by the _Hail Columbia_. + +"Lookout! Oh--" + +Thump. "I declare!" + +The first exclamation was from the tall, slim gentleman in the +"out-riggered" wherry, who had been racing with the big-armed young man, +and had not been looking out well enough. + +He tried to turn to the left, but it was very late to try, and the +suddenness of it helped him "catch a crab" with his starboard oar. When +he said "Oh," he was just going over into the water. + +The "thump" and the other exclamation did no harm to the _Hail +Columbia_, but the fat old gentleman in the tub of a pleasure-boat that +had bumped against the yacht remarked: + +"The river swarms with boys to-day. I'm not sorry that other one got a +ducking. I've had to get out of his way twice." + +The officers and crew of the _Hail Columbia_ were inclined to keep a +little quiet, all but their brave Boatswain. + +"Don't you know how to steer, you fellows? Don't you know that sailing +vessels have the right of way? You ought to have blown your whistle +sooner." + +"I declare!" again exclaimed the old gentleman. "The child is perfectly +right." + +"Bo's'n," asked the Commodore, "can't we tack and keep along shore +again?" + +"We can't tack with the sail up--not in this yacht; but we can let it +down and turn her round with the oars." They did that very thing, and in +five minutes more the _Hail Columbia_ was pointing her Admiral toward +the north shore of the Harlem again. + +The slim man managed to get back into his "shell," but he had lost his +race with the big-armed man. + +"Bo's'n," remarked the Commodore, as they sailed along, "you needn't run +us into the mud." + +"I guess not," said Bob Fogg; "but if I can steer her close enough to +land, I'm going up as far as the bridge." + +It was a grand cruise, and it lasted a long time; but when the _Hail +Columbia_ once more ran into the little cove, there was General George +Washington ready to say, + +"Look a-heah, boys, I didn't say you mought cross de 'Lantic Ocean. I +wants dat yot to go for some bass." + + + + +OLD TIMES IN THE COLONIES. + +BY CHARLES CARLETON COFFIN. + + +No. V. + +HOW THE SETTLERS OF WALPOLE DEFENDED THEMSELVES. + +Beautiful the green meadows, the surrounding hills, and the distant +mountains forming the landscape in Walpole, New Hampshire, which Colonel +Benjamin Bellows and John Kilburn gazed upon on the banks of the +Connecticut River in 1749. They had built their log-houses with +loop-holes in the walls through which they could fire upon the Indians +in case they were attacked. Though peace had been agreed upon between +France and England, the people who lived along the frontier felt no +security, for the French in Canada were continually urging the Indians +to commit depredations on the English. It was a short and easy journey +from Crown Point, on Lake Champlain, to the valley of the Connecticut, +and the Indians who sold their furs to the French were frequent visitors +to the settlements along the Connecticut. + +One of the Indians who visited John Kilburn was called Captain Philip. +He had been baptized and christened by the Jesuit priests at the Indian +village of St. Francis, on the banks of the St. Lawrence, half way from +Montreal to Quebec. The St. Francis tribe were called Christian Indians. +There were rumors that war would break out again between England and +France. Before war was declared hostilities began. + +It was in the spring of 1755 that Captain Philip made a visit to John +Kilburn's house with some beaver-skins for sale. He wanted powder, +bullets, and flints for pay. While he was trading, Captain Philip was +running his eyes over the house, looking at the thick timbers, the +loop-holes in the walls. When he had finished his trade he visited the +other houses in the settlement. He was kindly treated. The settlers +never mistrusted that he was taking observations for future use. + +August came. The settlers heard that war had begun, and knew that the +French and Indians might be upon them at any moment. They strengthened +their block-houses. No one went into the field to work alone. They +always carried their guns with them. They had some faithful watch-dogs +which always growled when Indians were about. There were nearly forty +men in the settlement. They were stout-hearted, and were determined not +to be driven out by the French and Indians. They appointed Colonel +Bellows to be their leader. He had a suspicion that Indians were about. + +"We must have a supply of meal, so that in case we are attacked we shall +have something to eat," he said. + +The settlers filled each a bag with corn, shouldered them, and then, in +single file, each man carrying his gun, they marched to the grist-mill +which they had erected, ground the corn into meal, shouldered the sacks +once more, and started homeward, their faithful watch-dogs trotting in +advance, paying no attention to squirrels or partridges, or game of that +sort. + +Suddenly the dogs came back, growling, the hair on their backs in a +ruff. + +"There are Indians about. Throw down your sacks," said Colonel Bellows. + +The men threw their sacks on the ground, dropped into the ferns, and +looked to the priming of their guns. The ferns were tall, and completely +concealed them. Colonel Bellows suspected that the Indians had laid an +ambuscade at a narrow place in the path which they must pass. He crept +slowly forward to see what he could discover, careful not to break a +twig or make any noise. He crept to the top of a little hill, peeped +through the ferns, and discovered a great number of Indians, nearly two +hundred, crouching behind trees, or lying on the ground, waiting for the +white men to enter the trap. He made his way back to his men, issued his +orders in a whisper, and all crawled through the ferns toward the +Indians till they were only a few rods from them. + +All were ready. Every man sprang to his feet, and yelled as loud as he +could, "Hi-ya! hi-ya!" It was a terrific howl. + +The next moment not a settler was to be seen; all had dropped upon the +ground, and were concealed by the ferns. + +In an instant every Indian was on his feet, firing his gun, but hitting +nobody. + +There was an answering flash from the ferns, each settler taking aim, +and the Indians sprang into the air, or fell headlong before the +bullets. + +The red men outnumbered the settlers five to one, but were so astounded +by the surprise that, picking up the wounded, they made a hasty retreat +into a swamp, and the settlers made all haste to their block-house, +anticipating an attack. Not one of them had been injured. + +This body of Indians was a part of a band of more than three hundred, +led by Captain Philip, who had come from Canada with the expectation of +wiping out the settlements along the Connecticut, and of returning to +Canada with many prisoners and no end of scalps. It was at the +pleasantest season of the year. The woods were full of game, and with +the provisions they would get in the settlements which they intended to +destroy they would have an abundance of food. + +Captain Philip, with the rest of the Indians, was creeping stealthily +through the woods toward John Kilburn's house. Mr. Kilburn and his son +John, Mr. Pike and his son, were out in the field reaping wheat, their +guns close at hand. Mr. Kilburn had trained his dog to scour the woods, +and the faithful animal ever had his eyes and ears open, and was +sniffing the wind if a wolf or bear was about. On this afternoon in +August the dog came running in with his hair in a ruff, and growling. + +"Indians," said Mr. Kilburn. The men and boys seized their guns, ran for +the house, and had just time to get inside and bar the door when Captain +Philip and nearly two hundred Indians made their appearance. + +The Indians staid at a safe distance, and so did Captain Philip, though +he came near enough to talk. + +"Come out, old John! come out, young John! I give you good quarter," he +shouted. + +[Illustration: THE DEFENSE OF THE CABIN--DRAWN BY A. B. SHULTS.] + +There were only the two men, the two boys, Mrs. Kilburn and her daughter +and four children, in the house, with three hundred Indians attacking +them, but John Kilburn was not in the least frightened--not he. Neither +was Mrs. Kilburn, nor her son or daughter. They had several extra guns; +Mrs. Kilburn and her daughter knew how to load them. They would rather +die than be taken prisoners. The Indians had no cannon, and their +bullets would not go through the stout timbers. Only by burning the +house would they be able to get in. + +"Get you gone, you rascal, or I'll quarter you!" was the defiant answer +that John Kilburn shouted through one of the loop-holes to Captain +Philip, as the latter went back to the dark crowd of savages, who set up +the war-whoop. + +"They yell like so many devils," said John Kilburn; but he was not in +the least disturbed by the howling. + +Then the bullets began to come through the shingles on the roof, and +strike against the timbers. + +The Indians surrounded the house, but there were loop-holes on each +side. Mr. Kilburn and Mr. Pike took two of the sides, and the two boys +the others. Bang! bang! went the guns of Mr. Kilburn and Mr. Pike. Bang! +bang! went the boys' guns. They could fire at a rest, and take +deliberate aim. The Indians could not see the muzzles of the guns, and +the moment one of the red men peeped from behind a tree his skull was in +danger. + +One by one they fell, which enraged them all the more, and they crept +nearer, firing rapidly, riddling the shingles, hoping, quite likely, +that a bullet might glance down from the roof, and hit those inside. + +"The roof looks like a sieve," said John Kilburn, as he looked up and +saw the holes. + +Mrs. Kilburn and her daughter were loading the extra guns the while, and +handing them to the men and boys, who kept up such a rapid fire that the +Indians came to the conclusion that there were a large number of men in +the house. + +"We shall soon be out of bullets," said Mrs. Kilburn. + +A thought came: why not catch the bullets that were coming through the +roof? The balls had nearly spent their force when they came through, and +they hung up a blanket, with thick folds, which stopped them entirely; +and the girl, gathering them as they fell harmlessly upon the floor, put +them into a ladle, melted them, and ran new bullets, which soon were +whizzing through the air, and doing damage to the enemy. + +All through the afternoon the fight goes on, the Indians aiming at the +loop-holes. Their bullets pepper the logs around them. One comes in, and +inflicts a ghastly wound in Mr. Pike's thigh, but the Indians do not +know it, and the brave defense is kept up till the Indians, foiled in +all their efforts, defeated, with several of their number dead and many +wounded from the volley fired by Colonel Bellows and his men, and by +those in the house, set Mr. Kilburn's wheat on fire, kill his cattle, +bury their dead, and slink away, not having taken a scalp or a prisoner. +They have only wounded one man. + +When everything goes well with the Indian he can be very brave, but when +the tide is against him he quickly loses courage and becomes +disheartened, and so Captain Philip made his way back to Canada, very +much crest-fallen at the repulse received at the hands of two men, a +woman, two boys, and a brave-hearted girl. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +CAMBRIDGE SERIES + +OF + +INFORMATION CARDS FOR SCHOOLS. + + +No. 3. + +About Combustion. + +BY + +W. J. ROLFE, A.M. + +Combustion is only another name for burning, and burning in all ordinary +cases is _oxidation_, or union with oxygen, one of the gases that make +up our atmosphere. It is a _chemical_ change; that is, one by which we +get a new substance entirely unlike any of the substances united. Common +salt, for instance, is formed by the chemical union of a yellow, +bad-smelling gas and a soft silvery metal. When coal and wood are +burned, the chief products of the union with oxygen are carbonic acid +and water. The former is a colorless gas, and the latter is in the form +of invisible vapor, and both go up the chimney and mix with the outer +air. The ashes left behind are only what can not be burned or united +with the oxygen. If we collect all the products of the burning, together +with the ashes, we find that they weigh more than the coal or wood, the +increase being exactly equal to the weight of the oxygen consumed. No +kind of matter can be destroyed by any power known to us; it may unite +with other matter, and take many new forms, but its weight can be +neither increased nor diminished. The amount of matter in the universe +is always the same. + +Oxygen must be heated before it will unite with coal or wood. The air is +at all times in contact with them, but they will not burn unless they +are first kindled. The chemical process itself, when once started, +generally produces heat enough to raise more oxygen to the proper +temperature, and thus the combustion is kept up. The point to which the +oxygen must be heated varies much with different substances, as is well +shown in kindling a coal fire. The heat produced by rubbing a match on a +rough surface suffices to make the oxygen unite with the phosphorus on +the end of the match; the burning of this causes heat enough for the +union of the oxygen with the sulphur, and the burning of the sulphur +enough to set the wood of the match on fire. The shavings, the kindling +wood, and the charcoal are in turn ignited, and the burning charcoal +develops heat enough to enable the oxygen to combine with the hard coal. +Each step in the operation requires more heat than the preceding step. +This seems a very simple thing now, but the anthracite beds of +Pennsylvania long remained useless because no one had found out how to +kindle the fuel, and the discovery was at last made half by accident. + +There are some forms of combustion which are very unlike ordinary +burning, and yet are essentially the same, being cases of union with +oxygen. The only difference is that the process goes on slowly instead +of rapidly. We know that vegetable and animal substances decay when +exposed to the air; and decay is a slow burning. The oxygen of the air +gradually combines with the substances, converting them into carbonic +acid and water, and leaving only a small remnant of matter as the ashes +of the lingering combustion. The _heat_ produced in this case is found +to be precisely the same as in ordinary burning, but it is set free so +gradually that it escapes our notice. + +We know that green wood decays much sooner than dry wood. Indeed, if +wood is kept perfectly dry, it will not decay for ages. In the dry +climate of Egypt wooden mummy cases have been preserved for more than +three thousand years. On the other hand, dry wood burns much quicker +than green wood; it is not easy to set the latter on fire. Why this +difference, if decay and burning are similar processes? The decay of the +green wood is due to the fact that the presence of moisture causes +certain changes in portions of the wood, which enable the oxygen to +attack it at a low temperature; and the slow combustion, once started, +is self-sustaining. But in ordinary burning the temperature must be +raised to a certain point before the oxidation can begin, and this point +can not be reached until the moisture is evaporated, which uses up a +good deal of heat. + +This process of decay is continually going on in our bodies; but during +life the matter which is burned up is being constantly renewed from the +food we eat. The body is not only decaying, as dead animal matter +decays, but it is also wearing out. With every motion a part of the +muscles is actually consumed, and must be replaced by fresh material. +The heat of the body is likewise due to combustion, and must be kept up +by proper fuel, like the fires in our stoves and furnaces. The products +of all this burning are carbonic acid and water, which pass out of the +body through the lungs. + +The rusting of metals is a slow combustion, and scientific men have +proved that, like decay, it develops heat. Iron can be easily burned in +pure oxygen, with the production of intense light and heat. Zinc and +some other metals can be burned in the air if heated very hot, and most +metals are rapidly consumed in the flame of the oxyhydrogen blow-pipe. +Indeed, every form of matter known to us can be burned, unless it has +already been burned. All substances belong to one of these two +classes--those that will burn, or unite with oxygen; and those that have +been burned, or are products of oxidation. Water belongs to the latter +class, and so do nearly all the rocks and solid matter of the earth. + +Slow burning sometimes becomes rapid, and then we have what is called +_spontaneous combustion_. When cotton or tow which has become soaked +with oil is laid aside in heaps, the oxygen of the air begins to unite +with it; but the heat developed causes the oxidation to go on faster and +faster, until in some cases the mass bursts into a flame. The same thing +sometimes takes place in moist hay, the moisture starting the process, +as explained above, and the confined heat increasing until it is +sufficient to set the heap on fire. + +[_By special arrangement with the author, the cards contributed to this +useful series, by_ W. J. ROLFE, A.M., _formerly Head-Master of the +Cambridge High School, will, for the present, first appear in_ HARPER'S +YOUNG PEOPLE.] + + + + +[Illustration: GETTING WEIGHED.] + + + + +DAVE'S GREAT LUNCH. + +BY J. B. MARSHALL. + + +It was the great day at the State Fair, and the sidewalks were nearly +deserted as Dave Burt went down Main Street toward the post-office. As +Dave approached the Town Hall, or the City Hall, as the good people of +Rawley were pleased to call that fine building, he glanced up at it, and +saw Mr. William Henry Barrington, the great lawyer, standing at one of +the large windows of his office. Mr. Barrington was frowning, and looked +up the street and down it as if impatiently waiting for some one. + +"I'll bet he's mad 'cause he can't go to the fair," thought Dave. + +A few days before, Billy Barrington, a nephew, had been telling the boys +of that fine office, with its brass-studded revolving chairs, great +bookcases of books, and a private room where the great lawyer ate his +dinner, which was sent up to him on a dumb-waiter from the restaurant in +the basement of the City Hall the moment he touched an electric bell. + +Dave was recalling all the delightful possibilities of such a room, +when click! went something on the pavement before him. + +"A penknife," said he, picking up the article, and then, looking in vain +among the branches of the tree for its owner. Examining the knife, he +noticed a slip of paper shut in under the largest blade, and on which +was written: + + "Five Dollars Reward! I am on the City Hall roof, and can't get + down, as the spring-latch door has blown closed. Please send the + janitor to release me. + + "CHARLES M. WILSON." + +"Why, he's our Governor!" said astonished Dave, aloud, and started to +look for the janitor. Dave had been on the roof with his father only the +day previous, and knew just how the door would act if it was not +fastened back. + +Stout old Billy Simms, the janitor, in his shirt sleeves, had +comfortably propped himself back in an arm-chair to take a nap, when +rap-rap-rap sounded on the door. Billy's "office," as he called it, was +on the ground-floor of the City Hall. + +"Well, boy, what's wanted?" gruffly demanded old Billy, having opened +the door and discovered Dave. + +"Why, the Governor's shut out on the roof, and can't get down," said +Dave, handing Billy the paper. "He must have been looking at the Fair +Grounds." + +Old Billy lowered his great silver-rimmed glasses from his forehead to +his nose, and read the paper. He gazed for a moment in a queer way over +his glasses at Dave, and then laying his hand pretty heavily on Dave's +shoulder, said, "Come with me." + +"I haven't time; and, besides, I don't want any reward," answered Dave. + +There was a small room, or closet, back of Billy's "office," toward +which he moved, holding fast to Dave. + +Remembering that the old janitor was rather deaf, Dave then formed his +hands in the shape of a trumpet and shouted in the direction of Billy's +right ear, "I say, Billy, I haven't time to go with you." + +"Don't you call me Billy, you young rascal!" fiercely exclaimed the old +man. "My name's Mr. William Simms." + +Before Dave could make reply he felt himself shaken, pushed into the +closet, and saw the door nearly closed. + +"There, you've played that trick once too often," said old Billy. "It's +downright murder in you boys to try and fool me into going up seven long +flights of steps on an awful hot day like this." + +"I did find that paper," said Dave, indignantly. + +"Don't tell me you're innocent; you're a desperate character," said old +Billy, slamming to the door, and turning the key. "Now," continued he, +shouting through the key-hole, "I'll leave you in there two or three +hours to think what a dreadful thing it is to try and trick an old +rheumatic veteran." + +The closet, Dave saw, was where Billy kept his brooms and brushes; the +ceiling was very high, and a small round window far up on the wall +furnished the light. At the back of the closet was a small sliding +shutter, which, after considerable trouble, Dave managed to push up, +hoping he might escape through it into another room. It disclosed a +dark, square funnel, that seemed to extend far down below and far up +above him, and suspended in which were several wire ropes. + +"It must be the funnel where the dumb-waiter slides," thought Dave, and +he caught hold of the nearest rope, pulling and shaking it to attract +attention, and calling loudly at the same time. At once he heard a +tinkle-tinkle of a small bell up the dark funnel; and then a scraping +sound from the same direction, seeming to draw nearer him. Directly the +dumb-waiter cage was seen descending, and Dave held fast to the wire +rope until the cage was within a short distance of his hand. + +When the cage ceased to move he climbed into it by aid of a chair, and +curled himself up, hoping to go down into the restaurant. There was a +wire running through the cage, and supposing it to be the same he had +been previously holding, he pulled at it with both hands. + +The cage began to move; but in place of going down, it began to move +upward. Dave was frightened; but before he could decide what he ought to +do, the cage had passed above the open shutter, and went on scraping +between four dark wooden walls. Up and up went the cage, until Dave felt +that he had traversed a distance far more than enough to have carried +him to the very tip of the lightning-rod on the City Hall cupola. + +Suddenly he saw a thin streak of light before him, and quickly releasing +the wire, the cage moved a little further, and then came to a stop. Dave +lost no time in waiting to drum on the door, partition, or whatever it +was before him, and loudly called: + +"Hello! Let me out! let me out!" + +In a moment there was the sound of quick feet, a sliding shutter was +pushed aside, and such a flood of light shone into Dave's face that +before he could get the dazzle out of his eyes some one carefully lifted +him out of the cage, and stood him on his feet. + +"What ever possessed you to take a ride in that carriage?" asked a +pleasant voice. + +Dave shaded his eyes, and saw that he was standing before Mr. Barrington +in his private office. + +"It's all that old Billy Simms's fault," said Dave, hotly, "and he ought +to be arrested. I found a paper on the pavement that said a man was +locked out on the City Hall roof, and please somebody come and open the +door for him. But when I gave it to Billy, he just locked me up in a +room, and said I was playing a trick on him, and the Governor wasn't on +the roof. Then I opened a shutter, and--" + +"The Governor fastened out on the roof!" said Mr. Barrington. "I've been +waiting an hour for him to come and eat lunch with me, but this accounts +for his absence. Sit down, my little man." Then Mr. Barrington stepped +into another room, where Dave heard him send one of his law clerks to +release the Governor. + +"I see you are Captain Burt's son David," said Mr. Barrington, +returning. "Simms has treated you very badly; but come--you must be +hungry, being shut up in that dark hole--sit down here at the table, and +eat some lunch. There will be plenty for the Governor." + +Dave excused himself, having already dined. + +"Then I know what you will eat--a Neapolitan ice." + +The door opened, and the Governor entered, looking as though he was +nearly roasted; and in a moment Mr. Barrington had explained to him how +Dave had tried to have him released. + +"I'm many times obliged to you, David," said the Governor, shaking +Dave's hand, and making him feel very proud. + +The Governor was too near broiled himself to feel like eating lunch, but +the ices appearing, he helped Mr. Barrington and Dave to eat them. + +When the ices were eaten, the Governor wished to give Dave the five +dollars, as promised, but he was very, very sure he ought not to take +it. In a few days, however, there came to Captain Burt's house a package +of books, marked "Master David Burt," and within was a note with the +compliments of the Governor. + + + + +[Begun in HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE No. 37, July 13.] + +THE STORY OF THE AMERICAN NAVY. + +BY BENSON J. LOSSING. + + +CHAPTER X. + +The navy, especially the portion composed of the gun-boat and +mortar-boat squadrons, performed most arduous and valuable services in +connection with the armies on the inland waters of the great basin of +the Mississippi. Soon after the capture of New Orleans, Farragut, with +Porter's mortar-boats, and transports with troops, ascended the +Mississippi to Vicksburg, and after that national vessels continued to +patrol the waters of the great river. + +[Illustration: SINKING OF THE "ALABAMA" BY THE "KEARSARGE."] + +At that time cruisers built in British ports for the use of the +Confederates in preying upon American commerce were active on the seas. +The most conspicuous of these was the _Alabama_, which for eighteen +months illuminated the ocean with burning American vessels which her +commander (Semmes) had plundered and set on fire. In the summer of 1864 +the _Kearsarge_ (Captain Winslow) fought her, off the coast of France, +and sent her to the bottom of the sea. Our government held the British +responsible for her outrages, and by the decision of an international +commission they were compelled to pay the Americans $15,500,000 in gold +for damages. + +National gun and mortar boats carried on a wonderful amphibious warfare +among the bayous and in the tributaries of the Mississippi in 1863. In +their exploits Commodore D. D. Porter was most conspicuous. The +blockading squadron were very vigilant--so vigilant and active that +during the war they captured or destroyed British blockade-runners +valued, with their cargoes, at nearly $30,000,000. + +In the spring of 1863 it was determined to attempt the capture of +Charleston, and Admiral Dupont was sent with a naval force to assist the +army in the work. It was a perilous undertaking, for the harbor was +guarded by heavy batteries aggregating three hundred great guns, and the +channels were strewn with torpedoes. The navy had a terrific battle. +"Such a fire, or anything like it, was never seen before," wrote an +eye-witness. The little Monitors sustained the battle bravely, while +tons of iron were hurled upon them from Fort Sumter and the shore +batteries. During the battle of forty minutes the Confederates sent 3500 +shots. The attempt to capture the city failed, and the fleet was +withdrawn. It was renewed the following summer, when General Gillmore +with troops on Morris Island, and Admiral Dahlgren with a fleet, +attacked its most powerful defenses. They jointly attacked Fort Wagner, +on Morris Island, and Fort Sumter, not far off. They drove the garrison +from the former, and reduced the latter to a heap of ruins. But they did +not take Charleston. + +Porter, with a fleet of gun-boats, went on a remarkable expedition up +the Red River, for the invasion of Texas, in company with a land force +under General Banks, in the spring of 1864. Nothing of importance was +accomplished. The greatest exploit of that expedition was the passage of +Porter's fleet down the rapids at Alexandria. While he was above, the +river had fallen. It was now dammed by Michigan troops, and from an +opened sluice the gun-boats were passed over the rapids, as logs are +borne down a shallow stream by lumbermen. + +In the summer of 1864 the government determined to close the two +Southern ports yet open to British blockade-runners, namely, Mobile, +near the Gulf of Mexico, and Wilmington, on the Cape Fear River. For +this purpose Admiral Farragut appeared off the entrance to Mobile Bay, +with a strong naval force, in August. He entered the bay on the morning +of August 5, four iron-clad vessels leading the way, and immediately +followed by the _Hartford_ (the flag-ship) and three other wooden +vessels bound together in couples. + +In order to observe every movement of his fleet, Farragut had himself +lashed to the mast in the round-top, and thence gave his orders through +a speaking-tube extending to the deck. In that position he endured the +terrible tempest of shot and shell while passing the forts guarding the +entrance to the bay, also in the subsequent fierce encounters with a +huge Confederate "ram" and gun-boats. At the beginning of the latter +encounters one of Farragut's best iron-clads (the _Tecumseh_) was sunk +in a few seconds by a torpedo exploded under her, when all but seventeen +of her one hundred and thirty men perished. Undismayed, Farragut pushed +on, won a victory, and permanently closed the port of Mobile. When the +_Tecumseh_ went to the bottom the Admiral prayed for light and guidance. +"It seemed to me," said Farragut, "that a voice commanded me to _go +on_;" and he did. + +"The port of Wilmington must now be closed," said the government, when +the news of Farragut's victory reached the capital. An immense land and +naval force gathered at Hampton Roads, the former under General Butler, +the latter under Admiral Porter. They sailed at the middle of December +to attack Fort Fisher, a strong work at the mouth of the Cape Fear, and +on the anniversary of the birth of the Prince of Peace, 1864, the fleet +bombarded that stronghold with very little effect, throwing eighteen +thousand shells upon it. A floating mine containing 430,000 pounds of +gunpowder had been exploded near the fort, but without effect. Troops +landed, but accomplished nothing, and the capture of Fort Fisher was +deferred until the middle of January, 1865, when all the defenses at the +mouth of the Cape Fear were captured by the same fleet, and a land force +under General Terry. The port of Wilmington was effectually closed, and +with this victory the most important operations of the navy in the civil +war closed. + + * * * * * + +Here ends our brief story of the navy of the United States. It is only a +brief outline; sufficient, perhaps, to indicate what remains in store +for you when you come to read its marvellous details in volume at some +time in the future. Its record in the past is glorious; it may be made +more so in the future, for its capabilities are great. It ought to be +cherished as the strong right arm of defense for our government, our +commerce, and our free institutions. + +Our government is now giving it a fostering care hitherto unknown. It +has established training-ships, in which American boys are thoroughly +instructed in all the arts of expert seamanship and the military tactics +of the sea, while particular attention is given to the training of their +minds and morals. There are bright promises that our future navy will be +controlled by highly educated officers, and its ships be manned by +refined, intelligent, and self-respecting American citizens, the peers +of those in any other stations in life. + +THE END. + + + + +SEA-BREEZES. + +LETTER No. 4 FROM BESSIE MAYNARD TO HER DOLL. + + + BAR HARBOR, _August, 1880_. + +Do you remember, dear Clytie, a poem I read in school last Forefather's +Day, beginning like this, + + "The breaking waves dashed high + On a stern and rock-bound coast"? + +Well, these two lines I kept saying over and over to myself as the +steamer drew near to Mount Desert, on our way from Portland to Bar +Harbor, and long before we got here I had changed my mind about the +crooked coast. I think I shall _not_ tell the girls that the maps are +wrong, and that Maine is not as jiggly as they make it out. Between you +and me, Clytie, my next winter's maps will be better than they ever were +before, and I shouldn't wonder if I were to take the prize, for I have +seen with my own eyes the queer ins and outs along here, and I am sure +that the more we jiggle our pencils up and down, the more "true to +nature," as the artists say, our maps will be. + +But I must tell you about our life here. There are mountains around us +as well as the ocean, and the waves don't seem sad a bit, but with their +pretty white caps on their heads, come rushing along in the sunshine, +and splash 'way up over the rocks. There are lovely roads through the +woods, and ponds where we go rowing and fishing. A little way from our +hotel is an Indian encampment, where _real_ Indians and squaws make and +sell baskets. I have bought a little beauty, made of sweet-grass, to +carry home to you. Yesterday we all went out to Green Mountain on a +picnic. "All" means papa and mamma, Cousin Frank and me, with about a +dozen of our friends. We had a neligent time, and after dinner, while +the others were sitting on the grass telling stories, I wandered off by +myself. + +Mamma thought I had gone with Cousin Frank, while all the time I was +only a few steps from her, searching for blackberries. I could not find +any, and at last sat down under a tree to rest, for it was very hot in +the sun, and I had walked farther than I knew. I heard voices a little +way off, and thought they came from our party; but all at once some one +walked round the very tree I was leaning against, and, handing me the +prettiest little birch-bark canoe, about six inches long, filled with +blackberries, said, "Wouldn't you like some berries?" + +I clapped my hands and cried out: "Oh, how cunning! Isn't it lovely? +Where--" But not another word did I say, for, on looking up, who should +I see standing before me but my emerny from Old Orchard, Randolph +Peyton! Yes, there he was; no mistake; and after all that had happened, +he _dared_ to offer me blackberries! I tossed back my head, and said, +proudly, "I _scorn_ your gift: we are emernies." + +[Illustration] + +He made no answer, but walked sadly away. Here is a picture of us. Of +course I can not make him look quite as ashamed as he did, nor me quite +as scornful. + +When he was out of sight I sat down again, and when my surprise and +anger had passed off I almost wished he had left the berries, for I was +tired and warm and thirsty. But no, he had taken the little canoe with +him, and had not dropped a single one. + +I was so tired that all at once, before I thought of such a thing, I was +sound asleep. When I woke up the sun had set, and it was almost dark. I +was alone on Green Mountain, with no idea which way to turn to get home. +There wasn't a sound to be heard except the chirping of the crickets, +and the queer noises we always hear at night, and never know where they +come from. I tried to be brave, but the tears _would_ come. I called as +loud as I could to papa, and everywhere the cruel echoes called back, +"Pa--pa--pa"--but there was no other answer. + +At last, after wandering about for what seemed to me _hours_, I sank +down, perfectly tired out. + +All at once I heard a crackling in the bushes not far away, and started +up, expecting to see the fierce eyes of a catamount glaring at me, but +instead of that I saw a straw hat waving, and heard some one shouting, +"Here she is! I've found her! she's all right!" and then happy voices +called my name, and in less time than I can write it I was in papa's +arms. + +As soon as mamma had gone back to the hotel and found that I was _not_ +with Cousin Frank, papa had started with several of his friends in +search of me. But, Clytie dear, the one who waved his hat and shouted, +"Here she is!"--the one who _really found_ me--was Randolph Peyton! + +The little canoe is packed away among my treasures, and I shall never +look at it without thinking of the day on Green Mountain when my life +was saved by my bitterest emerny, who has become my friend forever! + +Don't you think I have had adventures enough for one summer? _I_ do, and +we shall be home very soon, dear Clytie. + + Your loving mamma, + BESSIE MAYNARD. + + + + +THE ASHES THAT MADE THE TREES BLOOM. + +A Japanese Fairy Tale. + +BY WILLIAM ELLIOT GRIFFIS. + + +In the good old days of the Daimios there lived an old couple whose only +pet was a little dog. Having no children, they loved it as though it +were the tiny top-knot of a baby. The old dame made him a cushion of +blue crape, and at meal-times Inuko--for that was his name--would sit on +it as demure as any cat. The kind people would feed him with tidbits of +fish from their own chopsticks, and he was allowed to have all the +boiled rice he wanted. Whenever the old woman took him out with her on +holidays she put a bright red silk crape ribbon around his neck. + +Now the old man, being a rice-farmer, went daily with hoe or spade into +the fields, working hard from the first croak of the raven until O Tento +Sama (as the sun is called) had gone down behind the hills. Every day +the dog followed him to work, and kept near by, never once harming the +white heron that walked in the footsteps of the old man to pick up +worms. + +One day doggy came running to him, putting his paws against his straw +leggings, and motioning with his head to some spot behind. The old man +at first thought his pet was only playing, and did not mind him. But he +kept on whining and running to and fro for some minutes. Then the old +man followed the dog a few yards, to a place where the animal began a +lively scratching. Thinking it only a buried bone or bit of fish, but +wishing to humor his pet, the old man struck his iron-shod hoe in the +earth, when lo! a pile of gold gleamed before him. He rubbed his old +eyes, stooped down, and there was at least a half-peck of kobans (oval +gold coins). He gathered them up and hied home at once. + +Thus in an hour the old couple were made rich. The good souls bought a +piece of land, made a feast to their friends, and gave plentifully to +their poor neighbors. As for Inuko, they petted him till they nearly +smothered him with kindness. + +Now in the same village there lived a wicked old man and his wife, who +had always kicked and scolded all dogs whenever any passed their house. +Hearing of their neighbors' good luck, they coaxed the dog into their +garden, and set before him bits of fish and other dainties, hoping he +would find treasure for them. But the dog, being afraid of the cruel +pair, would neither eat nor move. Then they dragged him out-of-doors, +taking a spade and hoe with them. No sooner had Inuko got near a +pine-tree in the garden than he began to paw and scratch the ground as +though a mighty treasure lay beneath. + +"Quick, wife, hand me the spade and hoe!" cried the greedy old fool, as +he danced for joy. + +[Illustration] + +Then the covetous old fellow with a spade, and the old crone with a hoe, +began to dig; but there was nothing but a dead kitten, the smell of +which made them drop their tools and shut their noses. Furious at the +dog, the old man kicked and beat him to death, and the old woman +finished the work by nearly chopping off his head with the sharp hoe. + +That night the spirit of the dog appeared to his former master in a +dream and said, "Cut down the pine-tree which is over my grave, and make +from it a mill to grind bean sauce in." + +[Illustration] + +So the old man made the little mill, and filling it with bean sauce, +began to grind, while the envious neighbor peeped in at the window. +"Goody me!" cried the old woman, as each dripping of sauce turned into +yellow gold, until in a few minutes the tub under the mill was full of a +shining mass of kobans. + +So the old couple were rich again. + +The next day the stingy and wicked neighbors, after boiling a mess of +beans, came and borrowed the magic mill. They filled it with the boiled +beans, and the old man began to grind. + +But, at the first turn, the sauce turned into a foul heap of dirt. Angry +at this, they chopped the mill in pieces to use as fire-wood. + +Not long after that the old man dreamed again, and the spirit of the dog +spoke to him, telling him how the wicked people had burned the mill made +from the pine-tree. + +"Take the ashes of the mill, sprinkle them on withered trees, and they +will bloom again," said the dog-spirit. + +The old man awoke and went at once to his wicked neighbors' house, where +he humbly begged the ashes, and though the covetous couple turned up +their noses at him and scolded him as if he were a thief, they let him +fill his basket with the ashes. + +On coming home the old man took his wife into the garden. It being +winter, their favorite cherry-tree was bare. He sprinkled a pinch of +ashes on it, and lo! it sprouted blossoms until it became a cloud of +pink blooms, which filled the air with perfume. + +The kind old man, hearing that his lord the Daimio was to pass along the +high-road near the village, set out to see him, taking his basket of +ashes. As the train approached he climbed up into an old withered +cherry-tree that stood by the way-side. + +Now in the days of the Daimios it was the custom, when their lord +passed by, for all the loyal people to shut up their second-story +windows, even pasting them shut with slips of paper, so as not to commit +the impoliteness of looking down on his lordship. All the people along +the road would fall down on their hands and knees until the procession +passed by. Hence it seemed very impolite for the old man to climb the +tree, and be higher than his master's head. + +The train drew near, and the air was full of gay banners, covered +spears, state umbrellas, and princes' crests. One tall man marched +ahead, crying out to the people by the way, "Get down on your knees! get +down on your knees!" And every one knelt down while the procession was +passing. Suddenly the leader of the van caught sight of the old man up +in the tree. He was about to call out to him in an angry tone, but +seeing he was such an old fellow he pretended not to notice him, and +passed him by. + +So when the prince's palanquin drew near, the old man, taking a pinch of +ashes from his basket, scattered it over the tree. In a moment it burst +into blossom. The delighted Daimio ordered the train to be stopped, and +got out to see the wonder. Calling the old man to him, he thanked him, +and ordered presents of silk robes, sponge-cake, fans, a _netsuké_ +(ivory carving), and other rewards to be given him. He even invited him +to pay a visit to his castle. So the old daddy went gleefully home to +share his joy with his dear wife. + +But when the greedy neighbor heard of it he took some of the magic +ashes, and went out on the highway. There he waited till a Daimio's +train came along, and instead of kneeling down like the crowd, he +climbed a withered cherry-tree. + +When the Daimio himself was almost directly under him, he threw a +handful of ashes over the tree, which did not change a particle. The +wind blew the fine dust in the noses and eyes of the Daimio and his +nobles. + +Such a sneezing and choking! + +It spoiled all the pomp and dignity of the procession. The man who +cried, "Get down on your knees," seized the old fool by the top-knot, +dragged him from the tree, and tumbled him and his ash-basket into the +ditch by the road. Then beating him soundly, he left him dead. + +Thus the wicked old man died in the mud, but the kind friend of the dog +dwelt in peace and plenty, and both he and his wife lived to a green old +age. + + + + +[Illustration: A BABE IN THE WOOD.--DRAWN BY F. S. CHURCH.] + + + + +[Illustration: OUR POST-OFFICE BOX.] + + + WAKEFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS. + + An article in your paper of April 27, 1880, entitled "A Cheap + Canoe," has given a decided stimulus to the boys of this town in + the matter of canoe building. There are now six on our lake, built + almost entirely by the boys who own them, on the model there + given. + + I send you a short article from our local paper, written by my + son, a lad of fifteen, giving his experience on his first canoe + trip down Ipswich River. He proposes a much longer one next summer + vacation. + + Many thanks are due to you for giving the boys something useful to + do, which teaches them how to do their own work. + + S. W. A. + + * * * * * + + ST. JOHNS, MICHIGAN. + + Undertaking myself the education of my young son, I am deeply + indebted to you for much useful information. I find YOUNG PEOPLE a + _multum in parvo_, serving as an entertaining reader, besides + giving manly hints in all branches of knowledge--geography, + natural history, science, drawing, and music. Even the puzzles + draw out the youthful mind, which learns from them unconsciously + the analysis and definition of words. It is like the medicine + which "children cry for." + + Especially let me thank you for your historical sketches, and also + for the healthy moral tone pervading every part of the paper, + teaching the children to be gentle and kind, as well as manly and + brave. + + For myself, I am only less interested than the little ones for + whose especial benefit it is intended. As a "little mother," my + sympathies are all with your success. + + E. S. C. + + * * * * * + + FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY. + + Perhaps you would like to hear from one of your little American + friends over the sea. + + We live in Frankfort-on-the-Main. It is a beautiful city, full of + public monuments and handsome buildings. + + Last month when I was in Freiburg, in Baden, I had the pleasure of + seeing the Grand Duke and Duchess of Baden. They were spending a + few days in Freiburg to visit their son, the Heir Prince, who + lives there. During their stay the feast of _Frohnleichnamstag_, + or Corpus Christi Day, took place, and a large procession was to + pass through the streets and before their palace. The Grand + Duchess came to an open window, and was joined by her daughter, + the Princess Victoria, who is eighteen. Then the Grand Duke soon + came and stood behind them, and when the Heir Prince peeped over + his father's shoulder, the picture of the ducal family was + complete. + + The Grand Duchess also visited our school in Freiburg, and asked + me several questions. She is very beautiful. She is about forty + years old, but her skin is as fine and smooth as wax. She looks to + be as good as she is beautiful. The Grand Duke is not less + handsome. + + I and my sisters and brother all enjoy YOUNG PEOPLE so much, and + welcome it every week. + + We have lived in Paris several years, and I have often seen going + through the streets the bath-tubs and boilers full of hot and cold + water that Paul S. speaks of in the Post-office Box of YOUNG + PEOPLE No. 39. + + I will write another time about the curious houses in old + Frankfort. + + ETHEL D. W. + + * * * * * + + PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. + + We have not been so fortunate with our pets as other young people. + We had three rabbits and two guinea-pigs. The other morning, when + we went to feed them, the top of the hutch was broken, and nothing + was to be seen of the animals. We are pretty sure some dogs got + them in the night, from the way things looked. We are very sorry + to lose our pets. + + ISABEL AND HELEN C. + + * * * * * + + PASSAIC, NEW JERSEY. + + I am ten years old, and I have one little brother. Papa is a + doctor, and Johnnie and I take long rides with him, and drive for + him. We have two horses, named Roxy and Bill. We have gold-fish + and turtles and frogs in the fountain in front of our door. + + We like YOUNG PEOPLE very much, and jump for joy when it comes. + + A. W. and J. R. + + * * * * * + + ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA. + + I have been taking YOUNG PEOPLE for eight weeks, and find it very + interesting. + + I have a little dog so small that mother can almost hold him in + the palm of her hand. I call him Dash. Whenever I go out in the + yard he runs after me, and tries to bite me. I have a little + brother who is always begging for peaches. + + WILLIE H. F. B. + + * * * * * + + HAMILTON, ONTARIO. + + A few weeks ago, as I was passing a bookstore, I saw HARPER'S + YOUNG PEOPLE, and I went in and bought a copy. I am going to get + all the back numbers. I think "The Moral Pirates" was a splendid + story. + + My brother has a row-boat, and I often go fishing and rowing in + Burlington Bay. One day papa and I went fishing, and we caught + four fish. Mamma laughed ever so much when we brought them home. + + ANDERSON GIBSON S. + + * * * * * + + WEST HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY. + + I am very glad that I have commenced to take YOUNG PEOPLE, and + sorry I did not begin sooner. All my friends take it, and like it + very much, as it is both amusing and interesting. "Across the + Ocean" and "The Moral Pirates" were splendid stories. I wait + impatiently for Tuesday to come, so that I can read the stories + and the Post-office Box, which I like very much. + + LOUIS H. + + * * * * * + + NEW YORK CITY. + + Here is a recipe for ink powder for the chemists' club: Four + ounces of powdered galls; one ounce of sulphate of iron; one ounce + of powdered gum-arabic; half an ounce of powdered white sugar. + This, mixed with water, will make a quart of ink. A few powdered + cloves stirred in will keep the ink from moulding. + + MAUD C. + + * * * * * + + PONTIAC, ILLINOIS. + + I am twelve years old. I like YOUNG PEOPLE very much. My mamma has + three mocking-birds she raised herself. She feeds them on cooked + egg and bread, cooked potato and raw egg mixed, fruit of all + kinds, and Hungarian seed. She gives them a feast of spiders + occasionally, and always keeps plenty of clean sand in the cage. + + I have two playful pet kittens, named Milly and Lillie, and a + little dog named Dickie. He will shake hands with me, and when I + make up a face at him he will frown terribly. + + NETTIE D. + + * * * * * + + FAIRVIEW, LONG ISLAND. + + I am eleven years old, and I live in the country. I have a nice + little pony, which I ride almost every day for two or three miles. + I enjoy it very much. + + We have a little bantam rooster that takes care of six little + chickens which their mother deserted; and I have three dogs, five + cats, and a bicycle. + + WILLIE O. + + * * * * * + + EAST WARSAW, INDIANA. + + I have a little bantam hen that mothers twenty little chickens, + although she only hatched four of them herself. I call her Minnie. + + I have no sister, and only one brother. He is seven years old. He + has a pet 'coon. I caught a little bird to-day in the meadow where + my papa was working. This is a very pretty place. We live near the + new cemetery. + + MAGGIE D. M. B. + + * * * * * + + BEAR VALLEY, MINNESOTA. + + We live in the country. The farmers around here are harvesting + their grain now. We have some very warm days. We like "The Moral + Pirates" the best of all the stories, and "Across the Ocean" the + next best. The little picture called "I's Learning to Swim, + Mamma," is just as cunning as it can be. + + Our little brother Artie says, every time it is mail-day, "Mamma, + does HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE come to-day?" We like the Post-office + Box best of all. + + NETTIE AND MARY MCK. + + * * * * * + + SEGUIN, TEXAS. + + I am twelve years old. I have a pet shepherd dog and a little + white calf. Papa takes YOUNG PEOPLE for me and my sisters, and we + like the stories very much, especially "Across the Ocean," and + "The Moral Pirates." This is a beautiful, healthy State to live + in. + + WILLIE H. J. + + I have some old and foreign postage stamps that I would like to + exchange for some pretty sea-shells and a few specimens of + sea-weed. I also have two Japanese newspapers, a Japanese bill, + and writing paper that I would like to exchange for some relic. + + JOHN BROOKE, + Greencastle, Putnam County, Indiana. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange birds' eggs with the correspondents of + YOUNG PEOPLE. I give a list of birds found in the Canadian woods: + Baltimore oriole, barn swallow, wild canary, sand-martin, + cherry-bird, ground-bird, ring-dove, shore-lark, red-headed + woodpecker, orchard oriole, brown canary, dipper, phoebe, + kingbird, guinea-fowl, and sparrows. + + C. H. GURNETT, + Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada. + + * * * * * + + I have some morning-glories growing near a wild cucumber vine, and + the leaf is just like the cucumber leaf. I am waiting to see what + the flower will be like. I hope it will blossom before frost + comes. + + I have a good many French postage stamps which I would like to + exchange for others. + + HATTIE R., + Bismarck, Dakota Territory. + +This address does not appear sufficient to render an exchange +successful. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange birds' eggs with any correspondents of + YOUNG PEOPLE. I give the names of some of the birds found here: + linnet, tree blackbird, red-winged blackbird, thrush, ash-throated + fly-catcher, California canary, ground-sparrow, chipping sparrow, + yellow-hammer, California quail, meadow-lark, common swallow, bank + swallow, martin, yellow Summer-bird, night-bird, golden-crested + wren. + + S. C. DE LAMATER, + Santa Cruz, California. + + * * * * * + + My father takes YOUNG PEOPLE for my brother and sister and myself. + We think there could not be a more interesting paper published. + "The Moral Pirates" is about the best story I ever read. I wonder + if it is true? + + I am having a great deal of fun this vacation. I read two hours + every day. I am now reading the _Life of Benjamin Franklin_. I + enjoy it very much. + + I am making a collection of stones, and will exchange stones from + the shore of Lake Erie for specimens from other places of note. + + WILBUR T. MILLS, + Cleveland, Ohio. + +As Cleveland is a very large city, we doubt if this address is +sufficient, and we will gladly print a fuller one if our young +correspondent will send it. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange seeds of the sensitive plant for seeds or + roots of rare plants growing in the far West or in the most + eastern States. + + FRED H. LOWE, + Salem, Dent County, Missouri. + + * * * * * + + I am a constant reader of your splendid paper. I enjoy "The Moral + Pirates" very much. + + I brought two mud-turtles from the country this summer. One is so + tame it will eat from my hand. I feed them on worms, meat, and + flies. + + I have a small collection of postmarks, and I should like to + exchange with any boy reader of YOUNG PEOPLE in the West. + + A. J. DOHRMAN, + 557 Henry Street, Brooklyn, New York. + + * * * * * + + I wish the correspondent who sent me a piece of colored marble + from Tennessee would kindly write again, as I can not make out the + name. + + I shall be glad to exchange shells or minerals with any readers of + YOUNG PEOPLE. + + LAURA BINGHAM, + Lansing, Michigan. + + * * * * * + + I have a collection of birds' eggs, and a collection of stuffed + birds which I stuffed myself. + + I would like to exchange eggs with any readers of YOUNG PEOPLE. + + HARRY B. GREENE, + 8 Myrtle Street, Boston, Massachusetts. + + * * * * * + + I am collecting postmarks and stamps, and I shall have enough + before long to exchange with the readers of YOUNG PEOPLE. I would + like to exchange a French stamp for a Danish one now. + + JOSEPH COMBS, + Care of W. S. Combs, Freehold, New Jersey. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange postage stamps with any correspondent of + YOUNG PEOPLE. I am nine years old. + + ANNA STUART, + Rye, Westchester County, New York. + + * * * * * + + I am making a collection of postmarks, and would like to exchange. + + I have an aquarium with gold-fish, minnows, tadpoles, eels, frogs, + and turtles, and would like to know how to feed them. + + JOHN FISHER, + 3 Potts Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. + +Very full directions for the feeding of these creatures have been given +in different numbers of YOUNG PEOPLE. + + * * * * * + + I should like to exchange foreign postage stamps with any boy. + + BENJAMIN H. WHITTAKER, + 120-1/2 Eleventh Street, Brooklyn, New York. + + * * * * * + + I am collecting postage stamps, and would be glad to exchange with + any of the readers of YOUNG PEOPLE. I have also some postmarks. + + THOMAS HOGAN, + P. O. Box 243, Boston, Massachusetts. + + * * * * * + + I and my cousin George are collecting stamps. We have a lot of War + Department stamps which we would like to exchange in sets, or + singly, for those of any other department. We have one, two, + three, six, twelve, and fifteen cent stamps. + + WILLIAM WINSLOW, + 74 De Soto Street, St. Paul, Minnesota. + + * * * * * + + I am beginning a collection of shells, minerals, birds' eggs and + nests, and I would like to exchange with any correspondent of + YOUNG PEOPLE. As I have just begun to collect, I have not very + many things yet. + + MARIGO S. GUNARI, + Care of P. Gunari, New Rochelle, New York. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange Indian arrow-heads, and specimens of lead + and spar, for shells, ocean curiosities, and pressed flowers. + + EMMA LEE, + Elizabethtown, Hardin County, Illinois. + + * * * * * + +EARNEST READER.--The small round holes in the clam shells are probably +the work of the oyster drill, a tiny sea creature which does much +mischief to all kinds of shell-fish. + + * * * * * + +ALFRED B. C.--Directions for making a paper balloon were given in Our +Post-office Box No. 43. + + * * * * * + +B. H. W.--The numbers of YOUNG PEOPLE you require will be forwarded to +you, postage paid, by the publishers, on the receipt of one dollar and +eight cents. + + * * * * * + +FORD M. G.--The genuine Bologna sausage is manufactured in the city of +Bologna, in Northern Italy. Many imitations of the imported article are +sold in the United States under the same name. + + * * * * * + +DAISY VIOLET.--The first volume of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will close with +No. 52, which will be published on October 26, 1880. + + * * * * * + +MAUD C.--There is no better way to preserve autumn leaves than to press +them between the leaves of a book, or sheets of paper, and varnish them +when they are thoroughly dry. In the Post-office Box of YOUNG PEOPLE No. +38 there is a letter describing a neat and simple method of varnishing +leaves. + + * * * * * + +PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS. + +No. 1. + +LATIN WORD SQUARE. + +First, negative individuality. Second, the imperfect form of a verb. +Third, the ablative form of a noun signifying a portion of the body. +Fourth, a bird. + + EDDIE. + + * * * * * + +No. 2. + +ENIGMA. + + My first is in yacht, but not in ship. + My second is in beat, but not in whip. + My third is in bun, but not in bread. + My fourth is in needle, but not in thread. + My fifth is in ink, but not in pen. + My sixth is in boys, but not in men. + My seventh is in table, but not in bench. + My eighth is in chisel, but not in wrench. + If ever my whole you chance to meet, + You would better make a speedy retreat. + + JAMES. + + * * * * * + +No. 3. + +DIAMONDS. + +1. In Labrador. Something all girls should learn to do. To revolt. A +textile fabric. In Labrador. + +2. In Palermo. Novel. A hard substance. A passage. In Palermo. + + SUSIE. + + * * * * * + +No. 4. + +DOUBLE ACROSTIC. + +A gentle animal. One of the United States. A Scottish lake. A mark made +by a blow. A Norman name. A recluse. Answer--A city in Europe and a city +in the United States. + + MILDRED. + + * * * * * + +[The following puzzle is for the benefit of our young readers who are +studying French.] + +No. 5. + +FRENCH NUMERICAL CHARADE. + + I am a French proverb composed of 28 letters. + My 18, 5, 27, 15, 10, 3, 24, 13 signifies endurance. + My 12, 25, 23 is a ruler. + My 21, 7, 19, 17, 27 is a measure. + My 14, 28, 9, 16, 8 is a fight. + My 11, 26, 1, 27, 20 is a pit. + My 6, 22, 13, 2 is an adjective. + My 9, 4, 24, 8, 16 is an educational institution. + + UNCLE TOM. + + * * * * * + +ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN NO. 43. + +No. 1. + +Cleopatra's Needle. + +No. 2. + +Josephus. + +No. 3. + + B O M B + O L I O + M I E N + B O N D + +No. 4. + + S no W + T erro R + O liv E + R epubli C + M on K + S hip S + +Storms, Wrecks. + +No. 5. + +Chaucer. + + * * * * * + +Favors are acknowledged from Ethel Frost, S. T. H., Grace A. C., Mary L. +Jones, C. T. Hamilton, Burton Wilson, Elvira Holder, St. Clair Thornton, +Lynn D., E. L. D., Elmer Wheeler, Daniel D. L., Stella M. B., May, +Hattie M., George Berkstresser, Etta D. + + * * * * * + +Correct answers to puzzles are received from Ada B. Vouté, Nellie Binney +and Harry Phillips, Annie D. Jones, Fannie E. Cruger, E. Eden, K. T. W., +Gracie Kelley, G. Volckhausen, Frank T. Merry, Eddie A. Leet. + + * * * * * + +The following poetic answer to "A Riddle in Rhyme" in YOUNG PEOPLE No. +39, page 568, has been received from a correspondent in Auburn, New +York: + + From Anno Domini--for short A.D.-- + Begins the count of the Christian year. + That Adam was fatherless all agree; + That he was a father is very clear. + That a dam is a mother who'll dispute? + Or that a son's his father's fruit? + And puzzle over it, little or much, + A dam gave Holland to the Dutch. + + * * * * * + +THE MUSICAL ANECDOTE. + +The Musical Anecdote given in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 44 can be translated by +substituting for the musical signs the following words in the order +given: + + _Staff._ + _Quick, staccato._ + _Turn._ + _Sharp._ + _Run._ + _Scale._ + _Bar._ + _Flat._ + _Chord._ + _Dashed._ + _Rest._ + _Time._ + _Quarter._ + _Sixteenth._ + _Full stop._ + _Very loud._ + _Bind._ + _Measures._ + _Quaver._ + _Brace._ + _Slur._ + _Natural._ + _Rest._ + _Signature._ + + + + +ADVERTISEMENTS. + + + + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE. + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates--_payable in advance, postage free_: + + SINGLE COPIES $0.04 + ONE SUBSCRIPTION, _one year_ 1.50 + FIVE SUBSCRIPTIONS, _one year_ 7.00 + +Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order. + +Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss. + +ADVERTISING. + +The extent and character of the circulation of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line. + + Address + HARPER & BROTHERS, + Franklin Square, N. Y. + + + + +The Child's Book of Nature. + + * * * * * + +The Child's Book of Nature, for the Use of Families and Schools: +intended to aid Mothers and Teachers in Training Children in the +Observation of Nature. In Three Parts. Part I. Plants. Part II. Animals. +Part III. Air, Water, Heat, Light, &c. By WORTHINGTON HOOKER, M.D. +Illustrated. The Three Parts complete in One Volume. Small 4to, Half +Leather, $1.12; or, separately, in Cloth, Part I., 45 cents; Part II., +48 cents; Part III., 48 cents. + + * * * * * + +A beautiful and useful work. It presents a general survey of the kingdom +of nature in a manner adapted to attract the attention of the child, and +at the same time to furnish him with accurate and important scientific +information. While the work is well suited as a class-book for schools, +its fresh and simple style cannot fail to render it a great favorite for +family reading. + +The Three Parts of this book can be had in separate volumes by those who +desire it. This will be advisable when the book is to be used in +teaching quite young children, especially in schools. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +[Illustration] + +COLUMBIA BICYCLE. + +Bicycle riding is the best as well as the healthiest of out-door sports; +is easily learned and never forgotten. Send 3c. stamp for 24-page +Illustrated Catalogue, containing Price-Lists and full information. + +THE POPE MFG. CO., + +79 Summer St., Boston, Mass. + + + + +CHILDREN'S + +PICTURE-BOOKS. + + Square 4to, about 300 pages each, beautifully printed on Tinted + Paper, embellished with many Illustrations, bound in Cloth, $1.50 + per volume. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Sagacity of Animals. + + With Sixty Illustrations by HARRISON WEIR. + +The Children's Bible Picture-Book. + + With Eighty Illustrations, from Designs by STEINLE, OVERBECK, + VEIT, SCHNORR, &c. + +The Children's Picture Fable-Book. + + Containing One Hundred and Sixty Fables. With Sixty Illustrations + by HARRISON WEIR. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Birds. + + With Sixty-one Illustrations by W. HARVEY. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Quadrupeds and other Mammalia. + + With Sixty-one Illustrations by W. HARVEY. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +OUR CHILDREN'S SONGS. + + * * * * * + +Our Children's Songs. Illustrated. 8vo, Ornamental Cover, $1.00. + + * * * * * + +This is a large collection of songs for the nursery, for childhood, for +boys and for girls, and sacred songs for all. The range of subjects is a +wide one, and the book is handsomely illustrated.--_Philadelphia +Ledger._ + +Songs for the nursery, songs for childhood, for girlhood, boyhood, +and sacred songs--the whole melody of childhood and youth bound in +one cover. Full of lovely pictures; sweet mother and baby faces; +charming bits of scenery, and the dear old Bible story-telling +pictures.--_Churchman_, N. Y. + +The best compilation of songs for the Children that we have ever +seen.--_New Bedford Mercury._ + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +HARPER & BROTHERS _will send the above work by mail, postage prepaid, to +any part of the United States, on receipt of the price_. + + + + +Harper's New and Enlarged Catalogue, + +With a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX, and a VISITORS' GUIDE TO THEIR +ESTABLISHMENT, + +Sent by mail on receipt of Nine Cents. + +HARPER & BROTHERS, FRANKLIN SQUARE, N. Y. + + + + +[Illustration] + +Of these two objects the first is not a hand, and the second is not a +windmill. What are they? + + + + +[Illustration] + +ANOTHER SQUARE PUZZLE. + + +The puzzle is to draw two squares in the positions shown by the diagram, +without lifting the pencil from the paper, or crossing one line with +another. + +Let our little readers exercise their ingenuity over this apparently +simple problem. + + + + +HOW TO MAKE A CUCUIUS. + +BY FRANK BELLEW. + + +You would like to be able to mate a cucuius, would you not? We will tell +you. But perhaps you would like to know what, in the name of Memnon, a +cucuius is? Well, we will tell you that too. + +A cucuius, or cucuij, is a kind of beetle, about three inches long, +which emits a very brilliant light from two large protuberances in its +head, which look like its eyes. It is called the lantern-fly in English, +and lives in South America. The light it gives is so bright that you can +read a book by it. The natives employ them in place of candles to +illuminate their rooms while performing their domestic work. We have +seen one exhibited in a room where eight gas-burners were in full blaze, +and yet its two great demoniac-looking eyes (or what appeared to be +eyes) shone more brightly than the most brilliant of precious +stones--with an intensity, it will be no exaggeration to say, equal to +the electric light. The effect was perfectly startling, and rather +appalling. + +To give light, however, is not the only good quality this wonderful +insect possesses: it is a deadly enemy to gnats, by which the natives of +the Spanish West Indies are greatly annoyed. When they wish to rid +themselves of these pests they procure two or three of the cucuiuii, and +let them loose in the room, when they soon make short work of the enemy. +The method of catching the cucuius adopted by the natives is to repair +to some open piece of land with a flaming fire-brand, which they wave +vigorously backward and forward, calling out all the time, "Cucuie, +cucuie, cucuie." This attracts the insects to them, when they are easily +captured with a small net. What a blessing these cucuiuii would be to us +be-bitten inhabitants of the United States if Mr. Cucuius would only +treat our mosquitoes with the vigor that he does the gnats of the +tropics! + +In South America they are used as ornaments for the hair and dresses of +the ladies; and on certain festivals young people gallop through the +streets on horseback, brilliantly illuminated, horse and rider, with +these insects, secured in little nets, or cages made of fine twigs woven +together. The effect is marvellous, producing in the dark evening the +appearance of a large moving body of light. "Many wanton, wild +fellowes," as an old writer describes them, rub their faces with the +flesh of a killed cucuius, as boys with us sometimes do with phosphorus, +to frighten or amuse their friends. + +[Illustration: The Cucuius, or Lantern-Fly.] + +And now we will tell you how to make a very fair--by no means so +brilliant--imitation of the cucuius. By looking at our picture you will +see the shape of the insect. Cut this out of a piece of cork about three +inches long, and make the legs of thin wire (after the manner of the +spider we described in a previous number); then get some strips of thin +tin-foil, and gum them on the back of the cucuius; then paint over the +whole with transparent green color (oil paints if possible). Now gouge +out two holes about the size of the head of a common match, and then cut +off the heads of two common matches, and insert them into the aforesaid +holes, and your cucuius will be complete. To make the eyes shine, rub +them with oil or water. If your insect is painted with oil-colors, you +can place it in a vessel of water, for it is in that element that the +real cucuius shines most brightly. + +You can make a still more brilliant imitation of the cucuius by filling +the eye-holes with grains of pure phosphorus, easily procured at a +druggist's, or with a paste made of tallow and phosphorus, which is less +combustible than the pure article. But as both these things are very +dangerous to handle, we would not recommend their use except with the +consent and in the presence of a grown person. Another point with regard +to the handling of phosphorus, which applies also to matches, is that it +is apt to destroy the teeth, particularly where any decay has already +taken place. For this reason only persons with sound teeth are employed +in match factories. Therefore never put the end of a match in your +mouth. + + + + +[Illustration: A PLEASANT DAY IN THE COUNTRY.] + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Harper's Young People, September 14, +1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, SEP 14, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 29136-8.txt or 29136-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/9/1/3/29136/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/29136-8.zip b/29136-8.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..0341a6a --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-8.zip diff --git a/29136-h.zip b/29136-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..357f7e9 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h.zip diff --git a/29136-h/29136-h.htm b/29136-h/29136-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..73a6bdc --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/29136-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2881 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of Harper's Young People, September 14, 1880, by Various. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + p { margin-top: .75em; + text-align: justify; + margin-bottom: .75em; + } + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 { + text-align: center; /* all headings centered */ + clear: both; + } + hr { width: 33%; + margin-top: 2em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + clear: both; + } + + table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;} + + body{margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%; + } + + .pagenum { /* uncomment the next line for invisible page numbers */ + /* visibility: hidden; */ + position: absolute; + left: 92%; + font-size: smaller; + text-align: right; + } /* page numbers */ + + .blockquot{margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 10%;} + + .center {text-align: center;} + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + .u {text-decoration: underline;} + + .caption {font-weight: bold;} + + .figcenter {margin: auto; text-align: center;} + + .figleft {float: left; clear: left; margin-left: 0; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: + 1em; margin-right: 1em; padding: 0; text-align: center;} + + .figright {float: right; clear: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; + margin-top: 1em; margin-right: 0; padding: 0; text-align: center;} + + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, September 14, 1880, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, September 14, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: June 16, 2009 [EBook #29136] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, SEP 14, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#WHO_WAS_PAUL_GRAYSON"><b>WHO WAS PAUL GRAYSON?</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#GOOD-BY"><b>GOOD-BY.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_LONGSHORE_YACHT_CLUB"><b>THE 'LONGSHORE YACHT CLUB.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#OLD_TIMES_IN_THE_COLONIES"><b>OLD TIMES IN THE COLONIES.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#CAMBRIDGE_SERIES"><b>CAMBRIDGE SERIES</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#DAVES_GREAT_LUNCH"><b>DAVE'S GREAT LUNCH.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_STORY_OF_THE_AMERICAN_NAVY"><b>THE STORY OF THE AMERICAN NAVY.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#SEA-BREEZES"><b>SEA-BREEZES.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_ASHES_THAT_MADE_THE_TREES_BLOOM"><b>THE ASHES THAT MADE THE TREES BLOOM.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#OUR_POST_OFFICE_BOX"><b>OUR POST OFFICE BOX.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#ANOTHER_SQUARE_PUZZLE"><b>ANOTHER SQUARE PUZZLE.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#HOW_TO_MAKE_A_CUCUIUS"><b>HOW TO MAKE A CUCUIUS.</b></a></td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_665" id="Page_665">[Pg 665]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 1000px;"> +<img src="images/ill_001.jpg" width="1000" height="387" alt="Banner: Harper's Young People" title="" /> +</div> + +<hr style='width: 100%;' /> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Vol</span>. I.—<span class="smcap">No</span>. 46.</td><td align='center'><span class="smcap">Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York</span>.</td><td align='right'><span class="smcap">Price Four Cents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Tuesday, September 14, 1880.</td><td align='center'>Copyright, 1880, by <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span>.</td><td align='right'>$1.50 per Year, in Advance.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<hr style='width: 100%;' /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="WHO_WAS_PAUL_GRAYSON" id="WHO_WAS_PAUL_GRAYSON"></a> +<img src="images/ill_002.jpg" width="700" height="699" alt="CALLING THE ROLL.—Drawn by T. Thulstrup." title="" /> +<span class="caption">CALLING THE ROLL.—<span class="smcap">Drawn by T. Thulstrup</span>.</span> +</div> + +<h2>WHO WAS PAUL GRAYSON?</h2> + +<h3>BY JOHN HABBERTON,</h3> + +<h4><span class="smcap">Author of "Helen's Babies."</span></h4> + +<h3><span class="smcap">Chapter I</span>.</h3> + +<h3>THE NEW PUPIL.</h3> + +<p>The boys who attended Mr. Morton's Select School in the village of +Laketon did not profess to know more than boys of the same age and +advantages elsewhere; but of one thing they were absolutely certain, and +that was that no teacher ever rang his bell to assemble the school or +call the boys in from recess until just that particular instant when the +fun in the school-yard was at its highest, and the boys least wanted to +come in. A teacher might be very fair about some things: he might help a +boy through a hard lesson, or give him fewer bad marks than he had +earned; he might even forget to report to a boy's parent's all the cases +of truancy in which their son had indulged; but<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_666" id="Page_666">[Pg 666]</a></span> when a teacher once +laid his hand upon that dreadful bell and stepped to the window, it +really seemed as if every particle of human sympathy went out of him.</p> + +<p>On one bright May morning, however, the boys who made this regular daily +complaint were few; indeed, all of them, except Bert Sharp, who had +three consecutive absences to explain, and no written excuse from his +father to help him out, were already inside the school-room, and even +Bert stood where he could look through the open door while he cudgelled +his wits and smothered his conscience in the endeavor to frame an +explanation that might seem plausible. The boys already inside lounged +near any desks but their own, and conversed in low tones about almost +everything except the subject upper-most in their minds, this subject +being a handsome but rather sober-looking boy of about fourteen years, +who was seated at a desk in the back part of the room, and trying, +without any success whatever, to look as if he did not know that all the +other boys were looking at him.</p> + +<p>It was not at all wonderful that the boys stared, for none of them had +ever before seen the new pupil, and Laketon was so small a town that the +appearance of a strange boy was almost as unusual an event as the coming +of a circus.</p> + +<p>"Let's give it up," said Will Palmer, who had for five minutes been +discussing with several other boys all sorts of improbabilities about +the origin of the new pupil; "let's give it up until roll-call; then +we'll learn his name, and that'll be a little comfort."</p> + +<p>"I wish Mr. Morton would hurry, then," said Benny Mallow. "I came early +this morning to see if I couldn't win back my striped alley from Ned +Johnston, and this business has kept us from playing a single game. +Quick, boys, quick! Mr. Morton's getting ready to touch the bell."</p> + +<p>The group separated in an instant, and every member was seated before +the bell struck; so were most of the other boys, and so many pairs of +eyes looked inquiringly at the teacher that Mr. Morton himself had to +bite his lower lip very hard to keep from laughing as he formally rang +the school to order. As the roll was called, the boys answered to their +names in a prompt, sharp, business-like way, quite unusual in +school-rooms; and as the call proceeded, the responses became so quick +as to sometimes get a little ahead of the names that the boys knew were +coming.</p> + +<p>Suddenly, as the names beginning with G were reached, and Charlie Gunter +had his mouth wide open, ready to say "Here," the teacher called, "Paul +Grayson."</p> + +<p>"Here!" answered the new boy.</p> + +<p>A slight sensation ran through the school; no boy did anything for which +he had to be called to order, yet somehow the turning of heads, the +catching of breath, and the letting go of breath that had been held in +longer than usual made a slight commotion, which reached the ears of the +strange pupil, and made his look rather more ill at ease than before. +The answers to the roll became at once less spirited; indeed, Benny +Mallow was staring so hard, now that he had a name to increase his +interest in the stranger, that he forgot entirely to answer to his name, +and was compelled to sit on the chair beside the teacher's desk from +that moment until recess.</p> + +<p>That recess seemed longer in coming than any other that the school had +ever known—longer even than that memorable one in which a strolling +trio of Italian musicians had been specially contracted with to begin +playing in the school-yard the moment the boys came down. Finally, +however, the bell rang half past ten, and the whole roomful hurried down +stairs, but not before Mr. Morton had called Joe Appleby, the largest +boy in school, and formally introduced Paul Grayson, with the expressed +wish that he should make his new companion feel at home among the boys.</p> + +<p>Appleby went about his work with an air that showed how fully he +realized the importance of his position: he introduced Grayson to every +boy, beginning with the largest; and it was in vain that Benny Mallow, +who was the youngest of the party, made all sorts of excuses to throw +himself in the way of the distinguished couple, even to the extent of +once getting his feet badly mixed up with those of Grayson. When, +however, the ceremony ended, and Appleby was at liberty, so many of the +boys crowded around him, that the new pupil was in some danger of being +lonely.</p> + +<p>"Find out for yourselves," was Appleby's dignified and general reply to +his questioners. "I don't consider it gentlemanly to tell everything I +know about a man."</p> + +<p>At this rebuke the smaller boys considered Appleby a bigger man than +ever before, but some of the larger ones hinted that Appleby couldn't +very well tell what he didn't know, at which Appleby took offense, and +joined the group of boys who were leaning against a fence, in the shade +of which Will Palmer had already inveigled the new boy into +conversation.</p> + +<p>"By-the-way," said Will, "there's time yet for a game or two of ball. +Will you play?"</p> + +<p>"Yes, I'll be glad to," said Grayson.</p> + +<p>"Who else?" asked Will.</p> + +<p>"I!" shouted all of the boys, who did not forget their grammar so far as +to say "Me!" instead. Really, the eagerness of the boys to play ball had +never before been equalled in the memory of any one present, and Will +Palmer cooled off some quite warm friends by his inability to choose +more than two boys to complete the quartette for a common game of ball. +It did the disappointed boys a great deal of good to hear the teacher's +bell ring just as Will Palmer "caught himself in" to Grayson's bat.</p> + +<p>"You play a splendid game," said Will to Grayson as they went up stairs +side by side. "Where did you learn it?"</p> + +<p>Joe Appleby, who was on the step in front of the couple, dragged just an +instant in order to catch the expected information, but all he got was a +bump from Palmer, that nearly tumbled him forward on his dignified nose, +as Grayson answered,</p> + +<p>"Oh, in several places; nowhere in particular."</p> + +<p>Palmer immediately determined that he would follow his new schoolmate +home at noon, and discover where he lived. Then he would interview the +neighbors, and try to get some information ahead of that stuck-up Joe +Appleby, who, considering he was only four months older than Palmer +himself, put on too many airs for anything. But when school was +dismissed, Palmer was disgusted at noting that at least half of the +other boys were distributing themselves for just such an operation as +the one he had planned. Besides, Grayson did not come down stairs with +the crowd. Could it be possible that he was from the country, and had +brought a cold lunch to school with him? Palmer hurried up the stairs to +see, but met the teacher and the new boy coming down, and the two walked +away, and together entered the house of old Mrs. Bartle, where Mr. +Morton boarded.</p> + +<p>"He's a boarding scholar," exclaimed Benny Mallow. "I've read of such +things in books."</p> + +<p>"Then he'll be stuck up," declared Joe Appleby.</p> + +<p>This opinion was delivered with a shake of the head that seemed to +intimate that Joe had known all the ways of boarding scholars for +thousands of years; so most of the boys looked quite sober for a moment +or two. Finally Sam Wardwell, whose father kept a store, broke the +silence by remarking, "I'll bet he's from Boston; his coat is of just +the same stuff as one that a drummer wears who comes to see father +sometimes."</p> + +<p>"Umph!" grunted Appleby; "do you suppose Boston has some kinds of cloth +all to itself? <i>You</i> don't know much."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_667" id="Page_667">[Pg 667]</a></span></p> + +<p>The smaller boys seemed to side with the senior pupil in this opinion; +so Sam felt very uncomfortable, and vowed silently that he would bring a +piece of chalk to school that very afternoon, and do some rapid +sketching on the back of Appleby's own coat. Then Benny Mallow said: +"Say, boys, this old school must be a pretty good one, after all, if +people somewhere else send boarders to it. His folks must be rich: did +you notice what a splendid knife he cut his finger-nails with?—'twas a +four-blader, with a pearl handle. But of course you didn't see it, and I +did; he used it in school, and my desk is right beside his."</p> + +<p>Will Palmer immediately led Benny aside, and offered him a young +fan-tail pigeon, when his long-expected brood was hatched, to change +desks, if the teacher's permission could be obtained. Meanwhile Napoleon +Nott, who generally was called Notty, and who had more imagination than +all the rest of the boys combined, remarked, "I believe he's a foreign +prince in disguise."</p> + +<p>"He's well-bred, anyhow," said Will Palmer to Benny Mallow. "I hope +he'll be man enough to stand no nonsense. He's big enough, and smart +enough, if looks go for anything, to run this school, and I'd like to +see him do it—anything to get rid of Joe Appleby's airs."</p> + +<p>Then the various groups separated, moved by the appetites that boys in +good health always have. One boy, however—Joe Appleby—was man enough +to deny his palate when greater interests devolved upon him, so he made +some excuse to go back to the school-room, so as to be there when the +teacher and his new charge returned. Half an hour later Benny Mallow, +who had sneaked away from home as soon as the dessert had been brought +in, and had vulgarly eaten his pie as he walked along the street—Benny +Mallow walked into the school-room, and beheld the teacher, Joe Appleby, +and Paul Grayson standing together as if they had been talking. As Benny +went to his seat Joe followed him, and bestowed upon him a look of such +superiority that Benny determined at once that some marvellous mystery +must have been revealed, and that Joe was the custodian of the entire +thing. Benny was so full of this fancy that he slipped down stairs and +told it as fact to each boy who appeared, the result being to make Joe +Appleby a greater man than ever in the eyes of the school, while Grayson +became a tormenting yet most invaluable mystery.</p> + +<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="GOOD-BY" id="GOOD-BY"></a>GOOD-BY.</h2> + +<h3>BY MARY D. BRINE.</h3> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Good-by, vacation, you jolly old time—</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Good-by to your idle hours;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Good-by to dear fields and mountains and glens,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">And the beautiful sweet wild flowers;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Good-by to the hours of frolic and fun,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">And to freedom's all-glorious reign;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">For vacation is ended, it's season is o'er,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">And now for our school life again.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">No longer the fences we'll merrily scale,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Nor climb to the tree-tops each day;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">But the ladder of learning before us is raised,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">And upward we'll wend our way.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Ah, deep in our hearts will the memory lie</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Of the happy old days so dear,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">And over our books we will wearily sigh,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">"Oh, would our vacation were here!"</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">The bright days yet linger, the grass still is green,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Not yet have the mountains turned gray;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">But what are the charms of sweet nature, alas!</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Since vacation has vanished away?</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">But there is one comfort—the seasons roll round,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">And all in good time we shall hear</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Dame Nature's glad joy-bell ring gayly once more,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">"School is out, and vacation is here."</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="THE_LONGSHORE_YACHT_CLUB" id="THE_LONGSHORE_YACHT_CLUB"></a>THE 'LONGSHORE YACHT CLUB.</h2> + +<h3>BY WILLIAM O. STODDARD.</h3> + +<p>"Yes, boys, de tide's a-comin' in now. Dat yot ob mine'll float afore +long."</p> + +<p>"General," said Bob Fogg, "may we have your skiff for our yacht club a +little while to-day?"</p> + +<p>"No, sah," replied George Washington, positively, with a wide grin on +his wrinkled, old, very black face. "De club can't hab no skiff ob mine. +Ef dey wants to borry my yot, dey can, dough."</p> + +<p>"Bob," said Tommy Conners, "don't you know a sailin' vessel from a +skiff?"</p> + +<p>"Look at the mast," said Gus Martin.</p> + +<p>"And the sail," said Stuyvesant Rankin, with some dignity.</p> + +<p>"Now, Sty," said General George Washington, as he limped a few feet +further from the spot where his rugged-looking old boat lay stuck in the +mud, "wot do you know 'bout sails? Youah mudder nebber went to sea. +She's a dressmaker."</p> + +<p>"We can have the yacht, then, General, mast and sail and all?"</p> + +<p>The little old black man evidently liked the members of that club, but +he shook his grizzled head doubtfully. "You mought tip ober, and git +yerselves drownded."</p> + +<p>"No, we won't," exclaimed Put Varick; "every one of us can swim across +the Harlem and back again."</p> + +<p>"'Cept wen de tide's runnin' too strong. Well, it's wuff w'ile dat you +kin swim. I 'mos' upsot her myself dis berry mornin' comin' home. +Wouldn't I lost a heap ob crabs! More'n a bushel. Real blue-leg channel +crabs, bestest kind."</p> + +<p>There was more to be said, but the yacht club carried the day, and the +General limped off, turning now and then to chuckle, as he saw his young +friends crowding into the wonderful craft on the mud.</p> + +<p>"Ef dey hasn't h'isted de sail! Yah! yah! Gwine to sail dat yot ob mine +right across de sand-bank!"</p> + +<p>There was hardly wind enough for that; but it would be some time before +the tide would rise high enough to float the boat, and the club were not +in a state of mind to wait.</p> + +<p>"Tell you what, boys, we'll have a cruise," said Bob Fogg. "She's a +beauty. Let's have a 'lection of officers before we start."</p> + +<p>They were all agreed on that, but Joe McGinnis insisted that the +grown-up yacht clubs never had any elections.</p> + +<p>"They just draw cuts, boys, and they give the longest straw to the man +that owns the club, to begin with."</p> + +<p>"That's the best way," said Tommy Conners; "but the General's gone +home."</p> + +<p>"I'll take his cut for him," shouted Bob Fogg. "I'll choose to be +Bo's'n, 'cause I know how to steer."</p> + +<p>Nobody objected, although every member of the club said he knew how to +steer, and Sty Rankin had a lot of straws ready in half a minute.</p> + +<p>Tommy Conners drew the longest straw, and said he would be Captain; but +when Gus Martin came next, and decided to be a Commodore, Tommy +muttered, ruefully, "I'd forgot about that."</p> + +<p>Stuyvesant Rankin's memory was still better, for he had hardly compared +his straw with the others before he shouted, "I'll be Admiral of this +club."</p> + +<p>Put Varick was so stunned by that that he only said, "I'm Cook; there +won't be any work for me this trip."</p> + +<p>"What am I, then?" asked Joe McGinnis, with the shortest straw in his +hand.</p> + +<p>"You?" said Bob Fogg; "why, you're the Crew. Take hold of that larboard +oar, and pull it out of the mud. There's those three landlubbers up on +the bank. They'd pelt us if they dared."</p> + +<p>The three landlubbers were there, and they were making<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_668" id="Page_668">[Pg 668]</a></span> loud remarks +about the club, but the yacht was almost ready to float now, and no +attention could be paid to them.</p> + +<p>Just beyond the little creek where General George Washington kept his +boat spread the busy waters of the Harlem River, with the great city of +New York on both sides, but not very close to the edge of it. It was a +very busy sheet of water indeed. There were small steamboats carrying +passengers here and there; little tug-boats tugged and puffed and +coughed at the sides of big schooners loaded with lumber from Maine; +long race-boats, with gayly dressed oarsmen, darted swiftly over the +water, like great wooden pickerel, they were so long and sharp and +narrow. There were fishing-boats, pleasure-boats, steam-launches, even +canoes that were driven by one man and a paddle. But among them all +there was no other craft like General George Washington's "yot."</p> + +<p>"Boys," exclaimed Captain Conners, "we've forgotten."</p> + +<p>"What?" said Admiral Rankin.</p> + +<p>"To name the boat."</p> + +<p>"Oh, that's all right!" said Commodore Martin. "The General named her +himself. She's the <i>Hail Columbia</i>."</p> + +<p>"Admiral," shouted Boatswain Bob Fogg, "she's beginning to float. You +get away forward there, beyond the mast. Captain, you and the Commodore +get in the middle. Now, Cook, you and the Crew pull hard a minute, and +we'll be out of the mud."</p> + +<p>The Admiral obeyed, although there was hardly room to squeeze into, and +the mast crowded his back a little. The Cook and the Crew also obeyed, +and the <i>Hail Columbia</i> suddenly shot away from the bank, and around the +head of the rotten old wooden pier.</p> + +<p>"If there ain't those three landlubbers," exclaimed Boatswain Fogg, "out +on the pier head. And they've got a lot of half-bricks to spatter us +with."</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/ill_003.jpg" width="600" height="470" alt="THE YACHT CLUB STARTS ON ITS ANNUAL CRUISE." title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE YACHT CLUB STARTS ON ITS ANNUAL CRUISE.</span> +</div> + +<p>There they were; but at that moment the wind came up with a sudden puff, +and filled the sail which the genius of the General had added to the +motive power of that "yot." It was just at the wrong moment, for Captain +Tommy Conners and Commodore Gus Martin were having an argument over an +extra oar they had found in the bottom of the boat, and they were +rocking it badly. The Cook was rowing his best, but the tip of the boat +sent his oar deep under water, and the Crew suddenly found his oar +lifted out into the air.</p> + +<p>"Joe McGinnis, you've caught a crab," exclaimed Boatswain Fogg. But +before he could say anything to the Captain and the Commodore, the three +landlubbers were at work.</p> + +<p>Splash, splash, splatter! how those bricks and sticks did fall around +the <i>Hail Columbia</i>!</p> + +<p>"Oh dear!" said Admiral Stuyvesant Rankin to himself, in the bows. "If +the yacht upsets, I'm the only member of the club that's got a new coat +on."</p> + +<p>The breeze came fresher and fresher, and in a minute more the <i>Hail +Columbia</i> was out of reach of the "battery" on the pier head. Her sable +owner, however, was watching her from the door of his cabin with genuine +pride.</p> + +<p>"Don't she go! Don't she jest slip fru de watah! She does moah sailin' +to de squar' foot dan any odder yot on de ribber."</p> + +<p>So she did, if he meant that it took her longer to travel that foot, or +any other.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_669" id="Page_669">[Pg 669]</a></span></p> + +<p>It was no joke to be "Bo's'n" of the <i>Hail Columbia</i>, as Bob Fogg soon +found out.</p> + +<p>"Tell you what, boys," he said, "it's 'cause she hasn't any keel on her. +I have to keep steering all the while. There's no saying where she won't +go to."</p> + +<p>"Keep along shore," shouted the Admiral from the bows. "You're heading +out into the river."</p> + +<p>"Now, Sty, if you think you can steer this yacht better than I can, just +you come aft and try."</p> + +<p>"Hey, there, you young pirates! Where are you heading for?"</p> + +<p>It was the shout of a big-armed young fellow in a shell race-boat, who +found himself suddenly compelled to pull to the right desperately to +avoid being run down by the <i>Hail Columbia</i>.</p> + +<p>"Lookout! Oh—"</p> + +<p>Thump. "I declare!"</p> + +<p>The first exclamation was from the tall, slim gentleman in the +"out-riggered" wherry, who had been racing with the big-armed young man, +and had not been looking out well enough.</p> + +<p>He tried to turn to the left, but it was very late to try, and the +suddenness of it helped him "catch a crab" with his starboard oar. When +he said "Oh," he was just going over into the water.</p> + +<p>The "thump" and the other exclamation did no harm to the <i>Hail +Columbia</i>, but the fat old gentleman in the tub of a pleasure-boat that +had bumped against the yacht remarked:</p> + +<p>"The river swarms with boys to-day. I'm not sorry that other one got a +ducking. I've had to get out of his way twice."</p> + +<p>The officers and crew of the <i>Hail Columbia</i> were inclined to keep a +little quiet, all but their brave Boatswain.</p> + +<p>"Don't you know how to steer, you fellows? Don't you know that sailing +vessels have the right of way? You ought to have blown your whistle +sooner."</p> + +<p>"I declare!" again exclaimed the old gentleman. "The child is perfectly +right."</p> + +<p>"Bo's'n," asked the Commodore, "can't we tack and keep along shore +again?"</p> + +<p>"We can't tack with the sail up—not in this yacht; but we can let it +down and turn her round with the oars." They did that very thing, and in +five minutes more the <i>Hail Columbia</i> was pointing her Admiral toward +the north shore of the Harlem again.</p> + +<p>The slim man managed to get back into his "shell," but he had lost his +race with the big-armed man.</p> + +<p>"Bo's'n," remarked the Commodore, as they sailed along, "you needn't run +us into the mud."</p> + +<p>"I guess not," said Bob Fogg; "but if I can steer her close enough to +land, I'm going up as far as the bridge."</p> + +<p>It was a grand cruise, and it lasted a long time; but when the <i>Hail +Columbia</i> once more ran into the little cove, there was General George +Washington ready to say,</p> + +<p>"Look a-heah, boys, I didn't say you mought cross de 'Lantic Ocean. I +wants dat yot to go for some bass."</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="OLD_TIMES_IN_THE_COLONIES" id="OLD_TIMES_IN_THE_COLONIES"></a>OLD TIMES IN THE COLONIES.</h2> + +<h3>BY CHARLES CARLETON COFFIN.</h3> + +<h3>No. V.</h3> + +<h3>HOW THE SETTLERS OF WALPOLE DEFENDED THEMSELVES.</h3> + +<p>Beautiful the green meadows, the surrounding hills, and the distant +mountains forming the landscape in Walpole, New Hampshire, which Colonel +Benjamin Bellows and John Kilburn gazed upon on the banks of the +Connecticut River in 1749. They had built<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_670" id="Page_670">[Pg 670]</a></span> their log-houses with +loop-holes in the walls through which they could fire upon the Indians +in case they were attacked. Though peace had been agreed upon between +France and England, the people who lived along the frontier felt no +security, for the French in Canada were continually urging the Indians +to commit depredations on the English. It was a short and easy journey +from Crown Point, on Lake Champlain, to the valley of the Connecticut, +and the Indians who sold their furs to the French were frequent visitors +to the settlements along the Connecticut.</p> + +<p>One of the Indians who visited John Kilburn was called Captain Philip. +He had been baptized and christened by the Jesuit priests at the Indian +village of St. Francis, on the banks of the St. Lawrence, half way from +Montreal to Quebec. The St. Francis tribe were called Christian Indians. +There were rumors that war would break out again between England and +France. Before war was declared hostilities began.</p> + +<p>It was in the spring of 1755 that Captain Philip made a visit to John +Kilburn's house with some beaver-skins for sale. He wanted powder, +bullets, and flints for pay. While he was trading, Captain Philip was +running his eyes over the house, looking at the thick timbers, the +loop-holes in the walls. When he had finished his trade he visited the +other houses in the settlement. He was kindly treated. The settlers +never mistrusted that he was taking observations for future use.</p> + +<p>August came. The settlers heard that war had begun, and knew that the +French and Indians might be upon them at any moment. They strengthened +their block-houses. No one went into the field to work alone. They +always carried their guns with them. They had some faithful watch-dogs +which always growled when Indians were about. There were nearly forty +men in the settlement. They were stout-hearted, and were determined not +to be driven out by the French and Indians. They appointed Colonel +Bellows to be their leader. He had a suspicion that Indians were about.</p> + +<p>"We must have a supply of meal, so that in case we are attacked we shall +have something to eat," he said.</p> + +<p>The settlers filled each a bag with corn, shouldered them, and then, in +single file, each man carrying his gun, they marched to the grist-mill +which they had erected, ground the corn into meal, shouldered the sacks +once more, and started homeward, their faithful watch-dogs trotting in +advance, paying no attention to squirrels or partridges, or game of that +sort.</p> + +<p>Suddenly the dogs came back, growling, the hair on their backs in a +ruff.</p> + +<p>"There are Indians about. Throw down your sacks," said Colonel Bellows.</p> + +<p>The men threw their sacks on the ground, dropped into the ferns, and +looked to the priming of their guns. The ferns were tall, and completely +concealed them. Colonel Bellows suspected that the Indians had laid an +ambuscade at a narrow place in the path which they must pass. He crept +slowly forward to see what he could discover, careful not to break a +twig or make any noise. He crept to the top of a little hill, peeped +through the ferns, and discovered a great number of Indians, nearly two +hundred, crouching behind trees, or lying on the ground, waiting for the +white men to enter the trap. He made his way back to his men, issued his +orders in a whisper, and all crawled through the ferns toward the +Indians till they were only a few rods from them.</p> + +<p>All were ready. Every man sprang to his feet, and yelled as loud as he +could, "Hi-ya! hi-ya!" It was a terrific howl.</p> + +<p>The next moment not a settler was to be seen; all had dropped upon the +ground, and were concealed by the ferns.</p> + +<p>In an instant every Indian was on his feet, firing his gun, but hitting +nobody.</p> + +<p>There was an answering flash from the ferns, each settler taking aim, +and the Indians sprang into the air, or fell headlong before the +bullets.</p> + +<p>The red men outnumbered the settlers five to one, but were so astounded +by the surprise that, picking up the wounded, they made a hasty retreat +into a swamp, and the settlers made all haste to their block-house, +anticipating an attack. Not one of them had been injured.</p> + +<p>This body of Indians was a part of a band of more than three hundred, +led by Captain Philip, who had come from Canada with the expectation of +wiping out the settlements along the Connecticut, and of returning to +Canada with many prisoners and no end of scalps. It was at the +pleasantest season of the year. The woods were full of game, and with +the provisions they would get in the settlements which they intended to +destroy they would have an abundance of food.</p> + +<p>Captain Philip, with the rest of the Indians, was creeping stealthily +through the woods toward John Kilburn's house. Mr. Kilburn and his son +John, Mr. Pike and his son, were out in the field reaping wheat, their +guns close at hand. Mr. Kilburn had trained his dog to scour the woods, +and the faithful animal ever had his eyes and ears open, and was +sniffing the wind if a wolf or bear was about. On this afternoon in +August the dog came running in with his hair in a ruff, and growling.</p> + +<p>"Indians," said Mr. Kilburn. The men and boys seized their guns, ran for +the house, and had just time to get inside and bar the door when Captain +Philip and nearly two hundred Indians made their appearance.</p> + +<p>The Indians staid at a safe distance, and so did Captain Philip, though +he came near enough to talk.</p> + +<p>"Come out, old John! come out, young John! I give you good quarter," he +shouted.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/ill_004.jpg" width="600" height="431" alt="THE DEFENSE OF THE CABIN—Drawn by A. B. Shults." title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE DEFENSE OF THE CABIN—<span class="smcap">Drawn by A. B. Shults</span>.</span> +</div> + +<p>There were only the two men, the two boys, Mrs. Kilburn and her daughter +and four children, in the house, with three hundred Indians attacking +them, but John Kilburn was not in the least frightened—not he. Neither +was Mrs. Kilburn, nor her son or daughter. They had several extra guns; +Mrs. Kilburn and her daughter knew how to load them. They would rather +die than be taken prisoners. The Indians had no cannon, and their +bullets would not go through the stout timbers. Only by burning the +house would they be able to get in.</p> + +<p>"Get you gone, you rascal, or I'll quarter you!" was the defiant answer +that John Kilburn shouted through one of the loop-holes to Captain +Philip, as the latter went back to the dark crowd of savages, who set up +the war-whoop.</p> + +<p>"They yell like so many devils," said John Kilburn; but he was not in +the least disturbed by the howling.</p> + +<p>Then the bullets began to come through the shingles on the roof, and +strike against the timbers.</p> + +<p>The Indians surrounded the house, but there were loop-holes on each +side. Mr. Kilburn and Mr. Pike took two of the sides, and the two boys +the others. Bang! bang! went the guns of Mr. Kilburn and Mr. Pike. Bang! +bang! went the boys' guns. They could fire at a rest, and take +deliberate aim. The Indians could not see the muzzles of the guns, and +the moment one of the red men peeped from behind a tree his skull was in +danger.</p> + +<p>One by one they fell, which enraged them all the more, and they crept +nearer, firing rapidly, riddling the shingles, hoping, quite likely, +that a bullet might glance down from the roof, and hit those inside.</p> + +<p>"The roof looks like a sieve," said John Kilburn, as he looked up and +saw the holes.</p> + +<p>Mrs. Kilburn and her daughter were loading the extra guns the while, and +handing them to the men and boys, who kept up such a rapid fire that the +Indians came to the conclusion that there were a large number of men in +the house.</p> + +<p>"We shall soon be out of bullets," said Mrs. Kilburn.</p> + +<p>A thought came: why not catch the bullets that were<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_671" id="Page_671">[Pg 671]</a></span> coming through the +roof? The balls had nearly spent their force when they came through, and +they hung up a blanket, with thick folds, which stopped them entirely; +and the girl, gathering them as they fell harmlessly upon the floor, put +them into a ladle, melted them, and ran new bullets, which soon were +whizzing through the air, and doing damage to the enemy.</p> + +<p>All through the afternoon the fight goes on, the Indians aiming at the +loop-holes. Their bullets pepper the logs around them. One comes in, and +inflicts a ghastly wound in Mr. Pike's thigh, but the Indians do not +know it, and the brave defense is kept up till the Indians, foiled in +all their efforts, defeated, with several of their number dead and many +wounded from the volley fired by Colonel Bellows and his men, and by +those in the house, set Mr. Kilburn's wheat on fire, kill his cattle, +bury their dead, and slink away, not having taken a scalp or a prisoner. +They have only wounded one man.</p> + +<p>When everything goes well with the Indian he can be very brave, but when +the tide is against him he quickly loses courage and becomes +disheartened, and so Captain Philip made his way back to Canada, very +much crest-fallen at the repulse received at the hands of two men, a +woman, two boys, and a brave-hearted girl.</p> + +<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CAMBRIDGE_SERIES" id="CAMBRIDGE_SERIES"></a>CAMBRIDGE SERIES</h2> + +<h2>OF</h2> + +<h2>INFORMATION CARDS FOR SCHOOLS.</h2> + +<h3>No. 3.</h3> + +<h3>About Combustion.</h3> + +<h3>BY</h3> + +<h3>W. J. ROLFE, A.M.</h3> + +<p>Combustion is only another name for burning, and burning in all ordinary +cases is <i>oxidation</i>, or union with oxygen, one of the gases that make +up our atmosphere. It is a <i>chemical</i> change; that is, one by which we +get a new substance entirely unlike any of the substances united. Common +salt, for instance, is formed by the chemical union of a yellow, +bad-smelling gas and a soft silvery metal. When coal and wood are +burned, the chief products of the union with oxygen are carbonic acid +and water. The former is a colorless gas, and the latter is in the form +of invisible vapor, and both go up the chimney and mix with the outer +air. The ashes left behind are only what can not be burned or united +with the oxygen. If we collect all the products of the burning, together +with the ashes, we find that they weigh more than the coal or wood, the +increase being exactly equal to the weight of the oxygen consumed. No +kind of matter can be destroyed by any power known to us; it may unite +with other matter, and take many new forms, but its weight can be +neither increased nor diminished. The amount of matter in the universe +is always the same.</p> + +<p>Oxygen must be heated before it will unite with coal or wood. The air is +at all times in contact with them, but they will not burn unless they +are first kindled. The chemical process itself, when once started, +generally produces heat enough to raise more oxygen to the proper +temperature, and thus the combustion is kept up. The point to which the +oxygen must be heated varies much with different substances, as is well +shown in kindling a coal fire. The heat produced by rubbing a match on a +rough surface suffices to make the oxygen unite with the phosphorus on +the end of the match; the burning of this causes heat enough for the +union of the oxygen with the sulphur, and the burning of the sulphur +enough to set the wood of the match on fire. The shavings, the kindling +wood, and the charcoal are in turn ignited, and the burning charcoal +develops heat enough to enable the oxygen to combine with the hard coal. +Each step in the operation requires more heat than the preceding step. +This seems a very simple thing now, but the anthracite beds of +Pennsylvania long remained useless because no one had found out how to +kindle the fuel, and the discovery was at last made half by accident.</p> + +<p>There are some forms of combustion which are very unlike ordinary +burning, and yet are essentially the same, being cases of union with +oxygen. The only difference is that the process goes on slowly instead +of rapidly. We know that vegetable and animal substances decay when +exposed to the air; and decay is a slow burning. The oxygen of the air +gradually combines with the substances, converting them into carbonic +acid and water, and leaving only a small remnant of matter as the ashes +of the lingering combustion. The <i>heat</i> produced in this case is found +to be precisely the same as in ordinary burning, but it is set free so +gradually that it escapes our notice.</p> + +<p>We know that green wood decays much sooner than dry wood. Indeed, if +wood is kept perfectly dry, it will not decay for ages. In the dry +climate of Egypt wooden mummy cases have been preserved for more than +three thousand years. On the other hand, dry wood burns much quicker +than green wood; it is not easy to set the latter on fire. Why this +difference, if decay and burning are similar processes? The decay of the +green wood is due to the fact that the presence of moisture causes +certain changes in portions of the wood, which enable the oxygen to +attack it at a low temperature; and the slow combustion, once started, +is self-sustaining. But in ordinary burning the temperature must be +raised to a certain point before the oxidation can begin, and this point +can not be reached until the moisture is evaporated, which uses up a +good deal of heat.</p> + +<p>This process of decay is continually going on in our bodies; but during +life the matter which is burned up is being constantly renewed from the +food we eat. The body is not only decaying, as dead animal matter +decays, but it is also wearing out. With every motion a part of the +muscles is actually consumed, and must be replaced by fresh material. +The heat of the body is likewise due to combustion, and must be kept up +by proper fuel, like the fires in our stoves and furnaces. The products +of all this burning are carbonic acid and water, which pass out of the +body through the lungs.</p> + +<p>The rusting of metals is a slow combustion, and scientific men have +proved that, like decay, it develops heat. Iron can be easily burned in +pure oxygen, with the production of intense light and heat. Zinc and +some other metals can be burned in the air if heated very hot, and most +metals are rapidly consumed in the flame of the oxyhydrogen blow-pipe. +Indeed, every form of matter known to us can be burned, unless it has +already been burned. All substances belong to one of these two +classes—those that will burn, or unite with oxygen; and those that have +been burned, or are products of oxidation. Water belongs to the latter +class, and so do nearly all the rocks and solid matter of the earth.</p> + +<p>Slow burning sometimes becomes rapid, and then we have what is called +<i>spontaneous combustion</i>. When cotton or tow which has become soaked +with oil is laid aside in heaps, the oxygen of the air begins to unite +with it; but the heat developed causes the oxidation to go on faster and +faster, until in some cases the mass bursts into a flame. The same thing +sometimes takes place in moist hay, the moisture starting the process, +as explained above, and the confined heat increasing until it is +sufficient to set the heap on fire.</p> + +<p>[<i>By special arrangement with the author, the cards contributed to this +useful series, by</i> <span class="smcap">W. J. Rolfe</span>, A.M., <i>formerly Head-Master of the +Cambridge High School, will, for the present, first appear in</i> <span class="smcap">Harper's +Young People</span>.]</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/ill_005.jpg" width="600" height="520" alt="GETTING WEIGHED." title="" /> +<span class="caption">GETTING WEIGHED.</span> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="DAVES_GREAT_LUNCH" id="DAVES_GREAT_LUNCH"></a>DAVE'S GREAT LUNCH.</h2> + +<h3>BY J. B. MARSHALL.</h3> + +<p>It was the great day at the State Fair, and the sidewalks were nearly +deserted as Dave Burt went down Main Street toward the post-office. As +Dave approached the Town Hall, or the City Hall, as the good people of +Rawley were pleased to call that fine building, he glanced up at it, and +saw Mr. William Henry Barrington, the great lawyer, standing at one of +the large windows of his office. Mr. Barrington was frowning, and looked +up the street and down it as if impatiently waiting for some one.</p> + +<p>"I'll bet he's mad 'cause he can't go to the fair," thought Dave.</p> + +<p>A few days before, Billy Barrington, a nephew, had been telling the boys +of that fine office, with its brass-studded revolving chairs, great +bookcases of books, and a private room where the great lawyer ate his +dinner, which was sent up to him on a dumb-waiter from the restaurant in +the basement of the City Hall the moment he touched an electric bell.</p> + +<p>Dave was recalling all the delightful possibilities of such<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_672" id="Page_672">[Pg 672]</a></span> a room, +when click! went something on the pavement before him.</p> + +<p>"A penknife," said he, picking up the article, and then, looking in vain +among the branches of the tree for its owner. Examining the knife, he +noticed a slip of paper shut in under the largest blade, and on which +was written:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>"Five Dollars Reward! I am on the City Hall roof, and can't get +down, as the spring-latch door has blown closed. Please send the +janitor to release me.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">"<span class="smcap">Charles M. Wilson</span>."</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>"Why, he's our Governor!" said astonished Dave, aloud, and started to +look for the janitor. Dave had been on the roof with his father only the +day previous, and knew just how the door would act if it was not +fastened back.</p> + +<p>Stout old Billy Simms, the janitor, in his shirt sleeves, had +comfortably propped himself back in an arm-chair to take a nap, when +rap-rap-rap sounded on the door. Billy's "office," as he called it, was +on the ground-floor of the City Hall.</p> + +<p>"Well, boy, what's wanted?" gruffly demanded old Billy, having opened +the door and discovered Dave.</p> + +<p>"Why, the Governor's shut out on the roof, and can't get down," said +Dave, handing Billy the paper. "He must have been looking at the Fair +Grounds."</p> + +<p>Old Billy lowered his great silver-rimmed glasses from his forehead to +his nose, and read the paper. He gazed for a moment in a queer way over +his glasses at Dave, and then laying his hand pretty heavily on Dave's +shoulder, said, "Come with me."</p> + +<p>"I haven't time; and, besides, I don't want any reward," answered Dave.</p> + +<p>There was a small room, or closet, back of Billy's "office," toward +which he moved, holding fast to Dave.</p> + +<p>Remembering that the old janitor was rather deaf, Dave then formed his +hands in the shape of a trumpet and shouted in the direction of Billy's +right ear, "I say, Billy, I haven't time to go with you."</p> + +<p>"Don't you call me Billy, you young rascal!" fiercely exclaimed the old +man. "My name's Mr. William Simms."</p> + +<p>Before Dave could make reply he felt himself shaken, pushed into the +closet, and saw the door nearly closed.</p> + +<p>"There, you've played that trick once too often," said old Billy. "It's +downright murder in you boys to try and fool me into going up seven long +flights of steps on an awful hot day like this."</p> + +<p>"I did find that paper," said Dave, indignantly.</p> + +<p>"Don't tell me you're innocent; you're a desperate character," said old +Billy, slamming to the door, and turning the key. "Now," continued he, +shouting through the key-hole, "I'll leave you in there two or three +hours to think what a dreadful thing it is to try and trick an old +rheumatic veteran."</p> + +<p>The closet, Dave saw, was where Billy kept his brooms and brushes; the +ceiling was very high, and a small round window far up on the wall +furnished the light. At the back of the closet was a small sliding +shutter, which, after considerable trouble, Dave managed to push up, +hoping he might escape through it into another room. It disclosed a +dark, square funnel, that seemed to extend far down below and far up +above him, and suspended in which were several wire ropes.</p> + +<p>"It must be the funnel where the dumb-waiter slides," thought Dave, and +he caught hold of the nearest rope, pulling and shaking it to attract +attention, and calling loudly at the same time. At once he heard a +tinkle-tinkle of a small bell up the dark funnel; and then a scraping +sound from the same direction, seeming to draw nearer him. Directly the +dumb-waiter cage was seen descending, and Dave held fast to the wire +rope until the cage was within a short distance of his hand.</p> + +<p>When the cage ceased to move he climbed into it by aid of a chair, and +curled himself up, hoping to go down into the restaurant. There was a +wire running through the cage, and supposing it to be the same he had +been previously holding, he pulled at it with both hands.</p> + +<p>The cage began to move; but in place of going down, it began to move +upward. Dave was frightened; but before he could decide what he ought to +do, the cage had passed above the open shutter, and went on scraping +between four dark wooden walls. Up and up went the cage, until Dave felt +that he had traversed a distance far more than enough to have carried +him to the very tip of the lightning-rod on the City Hall cupola.</p> + +<p>Suddenly he saw a thin streak of light before him, and quickly releasing +the wire, the cage moved a little further, and then came to a stop. Dave +lost no time in waiting to drum on the door, partition, or whatever it +was before him, and loudly called:</p> + +<p>"Hello! Let me out! let me out!"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_673" id="Page_673">[Pg 673]</a></span></p> + +<p>In a moment there was the sound of quick feet, a sliding shutter was +pushed aside, and such a flood of light shone into Dave's face that +before he could get the dazzle out of his eyes some one carefully lifted +him out of the cage, and stood him on his feet.</p> + +<p>"What ever possessed you to take a ride in that carriage?" asked a +pleasant voice.</p> + +<p>Dave shaded his eyes, and saw that he was standing before Mr. Barrington +in his private office.</p> + +<p>"It's all that old Billy Simms's fault," said Dave, hotly, "and he ought +to be arrested. I found a paper on the pavement that said a man was +locked out on the City Hall roof, and please somebody come and open the +door for him. But when I gave it to Billy, he just locked me up in a +room, and said I was playing a trick on him, and the Governor wasn't on +the roof. Then I opened a shutter, and—"</p> + +<p>"The Governor fastened out on the roof!" said Mr. Barrington. "I've been +waiting an hour for him to come and eat lunch with me, but this accounts +for his absence. Sit down, my little man." Then Mr. Barrington stepped +into another room, where Dave heard him send one of his law clerks to +release the Governor.</p> + +<p>"I see you are Captain Burt's son David," said Mr. Barrington, +returning. "Simms has treated you very badly; but come—you must be +hungry, being shut up in that dark hole—sit down here at the table, and +eat some lunch. There will be plenty for the Governor."</p> + +<p>Dave excused himself, having already dined.</p> + +<p>"Then I know what you will eat—a Neapolitan ice."</p> + +<p>The door opened, and the Governor entered, looking as though he was +nearly roasted; and in a moment Mr. Barrington had explained to him how +Dave had tried to have him released.</p> + +<p>"I'm many times obliged to you, David," said the Governor, shaking +Dave's hand, and making him feel very proud.</p> + +<p>The Governor was too near broiled himself to feel like eating lunch, but +the ices appearing, he helped Mr. Barrington and Dave to eat them.</p> + +<p>When the ices were eaten, the Governor wished to give Dave the five +dollars, as promised, but he was very, very sure he ought not to take +it. In a few days, however, there came to Captain Burt's house a package +of books, marked "Master David Burt," and within was a note with the +compliments of the Governor.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h4><a name="THE_STORY_OF_THE_AMERICAN_NAVY" id="THE_STORY_OF_THE_AMERICAN_NAVY"></a>[Begun in <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> No. 37, July 13.]</h4> + +<h2>THE STORY OF THE AMERICAN NAVY.</h2> + +<h3>BY BENSON J. LOSSING.</h3> + +<h3><span class="smcap">Chapter X</span>.</h3> + +<p>The navy, especially the portion composed of the gun-boat and +mortar-boat squadrons, performed most arduous and valuable services in +connection with the armies on the inland waters of the great basin of +the Mississippi. Soon after the capture of New Orleans, Farragut, with +Porter's mortar-boats, and transports with troops, ascended the +Mississippi to Vicksburg, and after that national vessels continued to +patrol the waters of the great river.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/ill_006.jpg" width="600" height="297" alt="SINKING OF THE "ALABAMA" BY THE "KEARSARGE."" title="" /> +<span class="caption">SINKING OF THE "ALABAMA" BY THE "KEARSARGE."</span> +</div> + +<p>At that time cruisers built in British ports for the use of the +Confederates in preying upon American commerce were active on the seas. +The most conspicuous of these was the <i>Alabama</i>, which for eighteen +months illuminated the ocean with burning American vessels which her +commander (Semmes) had plundered and set on fire. In the summer of 1864 +the <i>Kearsarge</i> (Captain Winslow) fought her, off the coast of France, +and sent her to the bottom of the sea. Our government held the British +responsible for her outrages, and by the decision of an international +commission they were compelled to pay the Americans $15,500,000 in gold +for damages.</p> + +<p>National gun and mortar boats carried on a wonderful amphibious warfare +among the bayous and in the tributaries of the Mississippi in 1863. In +their exploits Commodore D. D. Porter was most conspicuous. The +blockading squadron were very vigilant—so vigilant and active that +during the war they captured or destroyed British blockade-runners +valued, with their cargoes, at nearly $30,000,000.</p> + +<p>In the spring of 1863 it was determined to attempt the capture of +Charleston, and Admiral Dupont was sent with a naval force to assist the +army in the work. It was a perilous undertaking, for the harbor was +guarded by heavy batteries aggregating three hundred great guns, and the +channels were strewn with torpedoes. The navy had a terrific battle. +"Such a fire, or anything like it, was never seen before," wrote an +eye-witness. The little Monitors sustained the battle bravely, while +tons of iron were hurled upon them from Fort Sumter and the shore +batteries. During the battle of forty minutes the Confederates sent 3500 +shots. The attempt to capture the city failed, and the fleet was +withdrawn. It was renewed the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_674" id="Page_674">[Pg 674]</a></span> following summer, when General Gillmore +with troops on Morris Island, and Admiral Dahlgren with a fleet, +attacked its most powerful defenses. They jointly attacked Fort Wagner, +on Morris Island, and Fort Sumter, not far off. They drove the garrison +from the former, and reduced the latter to a heap of ruins. But they did +not take Charleston.</p> + +<p>Porter, with a fleet of gun-boats, went on a remarkable expedition up +the Red River, for the invasion of Texas, in company with a land force +under General Banks, in the spring of 1864. Nothing of importance was +accomplished. The greatest exploit of that expedition was the passage of +Porter's fleet down the rapids at Alexandria. While he was above, the +river had fallen. It was now dammed by Michigan troops, and from an +opened sluice the gun-boats were passed over the rapids, as logs are +borne down a shallow stream by lumbermen.</p> + +<p>In the summer of 1864 the government determined to close the two +Southern ports yet open to British blockade-runners, namely, Mobile, +near the Gulf of Mexico, and Wilmington, on the Cape Fear River. For +this purpose Admiral Farragut appeared off the entrance to Mobile Bay, +with a strong naval force, in August. He entered the bay on the morning +of August 5, four iron-clad vessels leading the way, and immediately +followed by the <i>Hartford</i> (the flag-ship) and three other wooden +vessels bound together in couples.</p> + +<p>In order to observe every movement of his fleet, Farragut had himself +lashed to the mast in the round-top, and thence gave his orders through +a speaking-tube extending to the deck. In that position he endured the +terrible tempest of shot and shell while passing the forts guarding the +entrance to the bay, also in the subsequent fierce encounters with a +huge Confederate "ram" and gun-boats. At the beginning of the latter +encounters one of Farragut's best iron-clads (the <i>Tecumseh</i>) was sunk +in a few seconds by a torpedo exploded under her, when all but seventeen +of her one hundred and thirty men perished. Undismayed, Farragut pushed +on, won a victory, and permanently closed the port of Mobile. When the +<i>Tecumseh</i> went to the bottom the Admiral prayed for light and guidance. +"It seemed to me," said Farragut, "that a voice commanded me to <i>go +on</i>;" and he did.</p> + +<p>"The port of Wilmington must now be closed," said the government, when +the news of Farragut's victory reached the capital. An immense land and +naval force gathered at Hampton Roads, the former under General Butler, +the latter under Admiral Porter. They sailed at the middle of December +to attack Fort Fisher, a strong work at the mouth of the Cape Fear, and +on the anniversary of the birth of the Prince of Peace, 1864, the fleet +bombarded that stronghold with very little effect, throwing eighteen +thousand shells upon it. A floating mine containing 430,000 pounds of +gunpowder had been exploded near the fort, but without effect. Troops +landed, but accomplished nothing, and the capture of Fort Fisher was +deferred until the middle of January, 1865, when all the defenses at the +mouth of the Cape Fear were captured by the same fleet, and a land force +under General Terry. The port of Wilmington was effectually closed, and +with this victory the most important operations of the navy in the civil +war closed.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>Here ends our brief story of the navy of the United States. It is only a +brief outline; sufficient, perhaps, to indicate what remains in store +for you when you come to read its marvellous details in volume at some +time in the future. Its record in the past is glorious; it may be made +more so in the future, for its capabilities are great. It ought to be +cherished as the strong right arm of defense for our government, our +commerce, and our free institutions.</p> + +<p>Our government is now giving it a fostering care hitherto unknown. It +has established training-ships, in which American boys are thoroughly +instructed in all the arts of expert seamanship and the military tactics +of the sea, while particular attention is given to the training of their +minds and morals. There are bright promises that our future navy will be +controlled by highly educated officers, and its ships be manned by +refined, intelligent, and self-respecting American citizens, the peers +of those in any other stations in life.</p> + +<h4><span class="smcap">the end</span>.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="SEA-BREEZES" id="SEA-BREEZES"></a>SEA-BREEZES.</h2> + +<h3>LETTER No. 4 FROM BESSIE MAYNARD TO HER DOLL.</h3> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Bar Harbor</span>, <i>August, 1880</i>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>Do you remember, dear Clytie, a poem I read in school last Forefather's +Day, beginning like this,</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">"The breaking waves dashed high</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">On a stern and rock-bound coast"?</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>Well, these two lines I kept saying over and over to myself as the +steamer drew near to Mount Desert, on our way from Portland to Bar +Harbor, and long before we got here I had changed my mind about the +crooked coast. I think I shall <i>not</i> tell the girls that the maps are +wrong, and that Maine is not as jiggly as they make it out. Between you +and me, Clytie, my next winter's maps will be better than they ever were +before, and I shouldn't wonder if I were to take the prize, for I have +seen with my own eyes the queer ins and outs along here, and I am sure +that the more we jiggle our pencils up and down, the more "true to +nature," as the artists say, our maps will be.</p> + +<p>But I must tell you about our life here. There are mountains around us +as well as the ocean, and the waves don't seem sad a bit, but with their +pretty white caps on their heads, come rushing along in the sunshine, +and splash 'way up over the rocks. There are lovely roads through the +woods, and ponds where we go rowing and fishing. A little way from our +hotel is an Indian encampment, where <i>real</i> Indians and squaws make and +sell baskets. I have bought a little beauty, made of sweet-grass, to +carry home to you. Yesterday we all went out to Green Mountain on a +picnic. "All" means papa and mamma, Cousin Frank and me, with about a +dozen of our friends. We had a neligent time, and after dinner, while +the others were sitting on the grass telling stories, I wandered off by +myself.</p> + +<p>Mamma thought I had gone with Cousin Frank, while all the time I was +only a few steps from her, searching for blackberries. I could not find +any, and at last sat down under a tree to rest, for it was very hot in +the sun, and I had walked farther than I knew. I heard voices a little +way off, and thought they came from our party; but all at once some one +walked round the very tree I was leaning against, and, handing me the +prettiest little birch-bark canoe, about six inches long, filled with +blackberries, said, "Wouldn't you like some berries?"</p> + +<p>I clapped my hands and cried out: "Oh, how cunning! Isn't it lovely? +Where—" But not another word did I say, for, on looking up, who should +I see standing before me but my emerny from Old Orchard, Randolph +Peyton! Yes, there he was; no mistake; and after all that had happened, +he <i>dared</i> to offer me blackberries! I tossed back my head, and said, +proudly, "I <i>scorn</i> your gift: we are emernies."</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_007.jpg" width="400" height="228" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>He made no answer, but walked sadly away. Here is a picture of us. Of +course I can not make him look quite as ashamed as he did, nor me quite +as scornful.</p> + +<p>When he was out of sight I sat down again, and when my surprise and +anger had passed off I almost wished he had left the berries, for I was +tired and warm and thirsty. But no, he had taken the little canoe with +him, and had not dropped a single one.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_675" id="Page_675">[Pg 675]</a></span></p> + +<p>I was so tired that all at once, before I thought of such a thing, I was +sound asleep. When I woke up the sun had set, and it was almost dark. I +was alone on Green Mountain, with no idea which way to turn to get home. +There wasn't a sound to be heard except the chirping of the crickets, +and the queer noises we always hear at night, and never know where they +come from. I tried to be brave, but the tears <i>would</i> come. I called as +loud as I could to papa, and everywhere the cruel echoes called back, +"Pa—pa—pa"—but there was no other answer.</p> + +<p>At last, after wandering about for what seemed to me <i>hours</i>, I sank +down, perfectly tired out.</p> + +<p>All at once I heard a crackling in the bushes not far away, and started +up, expecting to see the fierce eyes of a catamount glaring at me, but +instead of that I saw a straw hat waving, and heard some one shouting, +"Here she is! I've found her! she's all right!" and then happy voices +called my name, and in less time than I can write it I was in papa's +arms.</p> + +<p>As soon as mamma had gone back to the hotel and found that I was <i>not</i> +with Cousin Frank, papa had started with several of his friends in +search of me. But, Clytie dear, the one who waved his hat and shouted, +"Here she is!"—the one who <i>really found</i> me—was Randolph Peyton!</p> + +<p>The little canoe is packed away among my treasures, and I shall never +look at it without thinking of the day on Green Mountain when my life +was saved by my bitterest emerny, who has become my friend forever!</p> + +<p>Don't you think I have had adventures enough for one summer? <i>I</i> do, and +we shall be home very soon, dear Clytie.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Your loving mamma,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Bessie Maynard</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="THE_ASHES_THAT_MADE_THE_TREES_BLOOM" id="THE_ASHES_THAT_MADE_THE_TREES_BLOOM"></a>THE ASHES THAT MADE THE TREES BLOOM.</h2> + +<h3>A Japanese Fairy Tale.</h3> + +<h3>BY WILLIAM ELLIOT GRIFFIS.</h3> + +<p>In the good old days of the Daimios there lived an old couple whose only +pet was a little dog. Having no children, they loved it as though it +were the tiny top-knot of a baby. The old dame made him a cushion of +blue crape, and at meal-times Inuko—for that was his name—would sit on +it as demure as any cat. The kind people would feed him with tidbits of +fish from their own chopsticks, and he was allowed to have all the +boiled rice he wanted. Whenever the old woman took him out with her on +holidays she put a bright red silk crape ribbon around his neck.</p> + +<p>Now the old man, being a rice-farmer, went daily with hoe or spade into +the fields, working hard from the first croak of the raven until O Tento +Sama (as the sun is called) had gone down behind the hills. Every day +the dog followed him to work, and kept near by, never once harming the +white heron that walked in the footsteps of the old man to pick up +worms.</p> + +<p>One day doggy came running to him, putting his paws against his straw +leggings, and motioning with his head to some spot behind. The old man +at first thought his pet was only playing, and did not mind him. But he +kept on whining and running to and fro for some minutes. Then the old +man followed the dog a few yards, to a place where the animal began a +lively scratching. Thinking it only a buried bone or bit of fish, but +wishing to humor his pet, the old man struck his iron-shod hoe in the +earth, when lo! a pile of gold gleamed before him. He rubbed his old +eyes, stooped down, and there was at least a half-peck of kobans (oval +gold coins). He gathered them up and hied home at once.</p> + +<p>Thus in an hour the old couple were made rich. The good souls bought a +piece of land, made a feast to their friends, and gave plentifully to +their poor neighbors. As for Inuko, they petted him till they nearly +smothered him with kindness.</p> + +<p>Now in the same village there lived a wicked old man and his wife, who +had always kicked and scolded all dogs whenever any passed their house. +Hearing of their neighbors' good luck, they coaxed the dog into their +garden, and set before him bits of fish and other dainties, hoping he +would find treasure for them. But the dog, being afraid of the cruel +pair, would neither eat nor move. Then they dragged him out-of-doors, +taking a spade and hoe with them. No sooner had Inuko got near a +pine-tree in the garden than he began to paw and scratch the ground as +though a mighty treasure lay beneath.</p> + +<p>"Quick, wife, hand me the spade and hoe!" cried the greedy old fool, as +he danced for joy.</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 292px;"> +<img src="images/ill_008.jpg" width="292" height="400" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>Then the covetous old fellow with a spade, and the old crone with a hoe, +began to dig; but there was nothing but a dead kitten, the smell of +which made them drop their tools and shut their noses. Furious at the +dog, the old man kicked and beat him to death, and the old woman +finished the work by nearly chopping off his head with the sharp hoe.</p> + +<p>That night the spirit of the dog appeared to his former master in a +dream and said, "Cut down the pine-tree which is over my grave, and make +from it a mill to grind bean sauce in."</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 301px;"> +<img src="images/ill_009.jpg" width="301" height="400" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>So the old man made the little mill, and filling it with bean sauce, +began to grind, while the envious neighbor peeped in at the window. +"Goody me!" cried the old woman, as each dripping of sauce turned into +yellow gold, until in a few minutes the tub under the mill was full of a +shining mass of kobans.</p> + +<p>So the old couple were rich again.</p> + +<p>The next day the stingy and wicked neighbors, after boiling a mess of +beans, came and borrowed the magic mill. They filled it with the boiled +beans, and the old man began to grind.</p> + +<p>But, at the first turn, the sauce turned into a foul heap of dirt. Angry +at this, they chopped the mill in pieces to use as fire-wood.</p> + +<p>Not long after that the old man dreamed again, and the spirit of the dog +spoke to him, telling him how the wicked people had burned the mill made +from the pine-tree.</p> + +<p>"Take the ashes of the mill, sprinkle them on withered trees, and they +will bloom again," said the dog-spirit.</p> + +<p>The old man awoke and went at once to his wicked neighbors' house, where +he humbly begged the ashes, and though the covetous couple turned up +their noses at him and scolded him as if he were a thief, they let him +fill his basket with the ashes.</p> + +<p>On coming home the old man took his wife into the garden. It being +winter, their favorite cherry-tree was bare. He sprinkled a pinch of +ashes on it, and lo! it sprouted blossoms until it became a cloud of +pink blooms, which filled the air with perfume.</p> + +<p>The kind old man, hearing that his lord the Daimio was to pass along the +high-road near the village, set out to see him, taking his basket of +ashes. As the train approached he climbed up into an old withered +cherry-tree that stood by the way-side.</p> + +<p>Now in the days of the Daimios it was the custom, when<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_676" id="Page_676">[Pg 676]</a></span> their lord +passed by, for all the loyal people to shut up their second-story +windows, even pasting them shut with slips of paper, so as not to commit +the impoliteness of looking down on his lordship. All the people along +the road would fall down on their hands and knees until the procession +passed by. Hence it seemed very impolite for the old man to climb the +tree, and be higher than his master's head.</p> + +<p>The train drew near, and the air was full of gay banners, covered +spears, state umbrellas, and princes' crests. One tall man marched +ahead, crying out to the people by the way, "Get down on your knees! get +down on your knees!" And every one knelt down while the procession was +passing. Suddenly the leader of the van caught sight of the old man up +in the tree. He was about to call out to him in an angry tone, but +seeing he was such an old fellow he pretended not to notice him, and +passed him by.</p> + +<p>So when the prince's palanquin drew near, the old man, taking a pinch of +ashes from his basket, scattered it over the tree. In a moment it burst +into blossom. The delighted Daimio ordered the train to be stopped, and +got out to see the wonder. Calling the old man to him, he thanked him, +and ordered presents of silk robes, sponge-cake, fans, a <i>netsuké</i> +(ivory carving), and other rewards to be given him. He even invited him +to pay a visit to his castle. So the old daddy went gleefully home to +share his joy with his dear wife.</p> + +<p>But when the greedy neighbor heard of it he took some of the magic +ashes, and went out on the highway. There he waited till a Daimio's +train came along, and instead of kneeling down like the crowd, he +climbed a withered cherry-tree.</p> + +<p>When the Daimio himself was almost directly under him, he threw a +handful of ashes over the tree, which did not change a particle. The +wind blew the fine dust in the noses and eyes of the Daimio and his +nobles.</p> + +<p>Such a sneezing and choking!</p> + +<p>It spoiled all the pomp and dignity of the procession. The man who +cried, "Get down on your knees," seized the old fool by the top-knot, +dragged him from the tree, and tumbled him and his ash-basket into the +ditch by the road. Then beating him soundly, he left him dead.</p> + +<p>Thus the wicked old man died in the mud, but the kind friend of the dog +dwelt in peace and plenty, and both he and his wife lived to a green old +age.</p> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_677" id="Page_677">[Pg 677]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 710px;"> +<img src="images/ill_010.jpg" width="710" height="1000" alt="A BABE IN THE WOOD.—Drawn by F. S. Church." title="" /> +<span class="caption">A BABE IN THE WOOD.—<span class="smcap">Drawn by F. S. Church</span>.</span> +</div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_678" id="Page_678">[Pg 678]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="OUR_POST_OFFICE_BOX" id="OUR_POST_OFFICE_BOX"></a> +<img src="images/ill_011.jpg" width="600" height="252" alt="OUR POST-OFFICE BOX." title="" /> +</div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Wakefield, Massachusetts</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>An article in your paper of April 27, 1880, entitled "A Cheap +Canoe," has given a decided stimulus to the boys of this town in +the matter of canoe building. There are now six on our lake, built +almost entirely by the boys who own them, on the model there +given.</p> + +<p>I send you a short article from our local paper, written by my +son, a lad of fifteen, giving his experience on his first canoe +trip down Ipswich River. He proposes a much longer one next summer +vacation.</p> + +<p>Many thanks are due to you for giving the boys something useful to +do, which teaches them how to do their own work.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">S. W. A.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">St. Johns, Michigan</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Undertaking myself the education of my young son, I am deeply +indebted to you for much useful information. I find <span class="smcap">Young People</span> a +<i>multum in parvo</i>, serving as an entertaining reader, besides +giving manly hints in all branches of knowledge—geography, +natural history, science, drawing, and music. Even the puzzles +draw out the youthful mind, which learns from them unconsciously +the analysis and definition of words. It is like the medicine +which "children cry for."</p> + +<p>Especially let me thank you for your historical sketches, and also +for the healthy moral tone pervading every part of the paper, +teaching the children to be gentle and kind, as well as manly and +brave.</p> + +<p>For myself, I am only less interested than the little ones for +whose especial benefit it is intended. As a "little mother," my +sympathies are all with your success.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">E. S. C.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Perhaps you would like to hear from one of your little American +friends over the sea.</p> + +<p>We live in Frankfort-on-the-Main. It is a beautiful city, full of +public monuments and handsome buildings.</p> + +<p>Last month when I was in Freiburg, in Baden, I had the pleasure of +seeing the Grand Duke and Duchess of Baden. They were spending a +few days in Freiburg to visit their son, the Heir Prince, who +lives there. During their stay the feast of <i>Frohnleichnamstag</i>, +or Corpus Christi Day, took place, and a large procession was to +pass through the streets and before their palace. The Grand +Duchess came to an open window, and was joined by her daughter, +the Princess Victoria, who is eighteen. Then the Grand Duke soon +came and stood behind them, and when the Heir Prince peeped over +his father's shoulder, the picture of the ducal family was +complete.</p> + +<p>The Grand Duchess also visited our school in Freiburg, and asked +me several questions. She is very beautiful. She is about forty +years old, but her skin is as fine and smooth as wax. She looks to +be as good as she is beautiful. The Grand Duke is not less +handsome.</p> + +<p>I and my sisters and brother all enjoy <span class="smcap">Young People</span> so much, and +welcome it every week.</p> + +<p>We have lived in Paris several years, and I have often seen going +through the streets the bath-tubs and boilers full of hot and cold +water that Paul S. speaks of in the Post-office Box of <span class="smcap">Young +People</span> No. 39.</p> + +<p>I will write another time about the curious houses in old +Frankfort.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Ethel D. W.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>We have not been so fortunate with our pets as other young people. +We had three rabbits and two guinea-pigs. The other morning, when +we went to feed them, the top of the hutch was broken, and nothing +was to be seen of the animals. We are pretty sure some dogs got +them in the night, from the way things looked. We are very sorry +to lose our pets.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Isabel and Helen C.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Passaic, New Jersey</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am ten years old, and I have one little brother. Papa is a +doctor, and Johnnie and I take long rides with him, and drive for +him. We have two horses, named Roxy and Bill. We have gold-fish +and turtles and frogs in the fountain in front of our door.</p> + +<p>We like <span class="smcap">Young People</span> very much, and jump for joy when it comes.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">A. W.</span> and <span class="smcap">J. R.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Alexandria, Virginia</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have been taking <span class="smcap">Young People</span> for eight weeks, and find it very +interesting.</p> + +<p>I have a little dog so small that mother can almost hold him in +the palm of her hand. I call him Dash. Whenever I go out in the +yard he runs after me, and tries to bite me. I have a little +brother who is always begging for peaches.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Willie H. F. B.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Hamilton, Ontario</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>A few weeks ago, as I was passing a bookstore, I saw <span class="smcap">Harper's +Young People</span>, and I went in and bought a copy. I am going to get +all the back numbers. I think "The Moral Pirates" was a splendid +story.</p> + +<p>My brother has a row-boat, and I often go fishing and rowing in +Burlington Bay. One day papa and I went fishing, and we caught +four fish. Mamma laughed ever so much when we brought them home.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Anderson Gibson S.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">West Hoboken, New Jersey</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am very glad that I have commenced to take <span class="smcap">Young People</span>, and +sorry I did not begin sooner. All my friends take it, and like it +very much, as it is both amusing and interesting. "Across the +Ocean" and "The Moral Pirates" were splendid stories. I wait +impatiently for Tuesday to come, so that I can read the stories +and the Post-office Box, which I like very much.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Louis H.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">New York City</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>Here is a recipe for ink powder for the chemists' club: Four +ounces of powdered galls; one ounce of sulphate of iron; one ounce +of powdered gum-arabic; half an ounce of powdered white sugar. +This, mixed with water, will make a quart of ink. A few powdered +cloves stirred in will keep the ink from moulding.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Maud C.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Pontiac, Illinois</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am twelve years old. I like <span class="smcap">Young People</span> very much. My mamma has +three mocking-birds she raised herself. She feeds them on cooked +egg and bread, cooked potato and raw egg mixed, fruit of all +kinds, and Hungarian seed. She gives them a feast of spiders +occasionally, and always keeps plenty of clean sand in the cage.</p> + +<p>I have two playful pet kittens, named Milly and Lillie, and a +little dog named Dickie. He will shake hands with me, and when I +make up a face at him he will frown terribly.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Nettie D.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Fairview, Long Island</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am eleven years old, and I live in the country. I have a nice +little pony, which I ride almost every day for two or three miles. +I enjoy it very much.</p> + +<p>We have a little bantam rooster that takes care of six little +chickens which their mother deserted; and I have three dogs, five +cats, and a bicycle.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Willie O.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">East Warsaw, Indiana</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have a little bantam hen that mothers twenty little chickens, +although she only hatched four of them herself. I call her Minnie.</p> + +<p>I have no sister, and only one brother. He is seven years old. He +has a pet 'coon. I caught a little bird to-day in the meadow where +my papa was working. This is a very pretty place. We live near the +new cemetery.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Maggie D. M. B.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Bear Valley, Minnesota</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>We live in the country. The farmers around here are harvesting +their grain now. We have some very warm days. We like "The Moral +Pirates" the best of all the stories, and "Across the Ocean" the +next best. The little picture called "I's Learning to Swim, +Mamma," is just as cunning as it can be.</p> + +<p>Our little brother Artie says, every time it is mail-day, "Mamma, +does <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> come to-day?" We like the Post-office +Box best of all.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Nettie and Mary McK.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Seguin, Texas</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am twelve years old. I have a pet shepherd dog and a little +white calf. Papa takes <span class="smcap">Young People</span> for me and my sisters, and we +like the stories very much, especially "Across the Ocean," and +"The Moral Pirates." This is a beautiful, healthy State to live +in.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Willie H. J.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have some old and foreign postage stamps that I would like to +exchange for some pretty sea-shells and a few specimens of +sea-weed. I also have two Japanese newspapers, a Japanese bill, +and writing paper that I would like to exchange for some relic.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">John Brooke</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Greencastle, Putnam County, Indiana.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I would like to exchange birds' eggs with the correspondents of +<span class="smcap">Young People</span>. I give a list of birds found in the Canadian woods: +Baltimore oriole, barn swallow, wild canary, sand-martin, +cherry-bird, ground-bird, ring-dove, shore-lark, red-headed +woodpecker, orchard oriole, brown canary, dipper, phœbe, +kingbird, guinea-fowl, and sparrows.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">C. H. Gurnett</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have some morning-glories growing near a wild cucumber vine, and +the leaf is just like the cucumber leaf. I am waiting to see what +the flower will be like. I hope it will blossom before frost +comes.</p> + +<p>I have a good many French postage stamps which I would like to +exchange for others.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Hattie R.</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Bismarck, Dakota Territory.</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>This address does not appear sufficient to render an exchange +successful.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I would like to exchange birds' eggs with any correspondents of +<span class="smcap">Young People</span>. I give the names of some of the birds found here: +linnet, tree blackbird, red-winged blackbird, thrush, ash-throated +fly-catcher, California canary, ground-sparrow, chipping sparrow, +yellow-hammer, California quail, meadow-lark, common swallow, bank +swallow, martin, yellow Summer-bird, night-bird, golden-crested +wren.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">S. C. De Lamater</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Santa Cruz, California.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>My father takes <span class="smcap">Young People</span> for my brother and sister and myself. +We think there could not be a more interesting paper published. +"The Moral Pirates" is about the best story I ever read. I wonder +if it is true?</p> + +<p>I am having a great deal of fun this vacation. I read two hours +every day. I am now reading the <i>Life of Benjamin Franklin</i>. I +enjoy it very much.</p> + +<p>I am making a collection of stones, and will exchange stones from +the shore of Lake Erie for specimens from other places of note.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Wilbur T. Mills</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Cleveland, Ohio.</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>As Cleveland is a very large city, we doubt if this address is +sufficient, and we will gladly print a fuller one if our young +correspondent will send it.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I would like to exchange seeds of the sensitive plant for seeds or +roots of rare plants growing in the far West or in the most +eastern States.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Fred H. Lowe</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Salem, Dent County, Missouri.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am a constant reader of your splendid paper. I enjoy "The Moral +Pirates" very much.</p> + +<p>I brought two mud-turtles from the country this summer. One is so +tame it will eat from my hand. I feed them on worms, meat, and +flies.</p> + +<p>I have a small collection of postmarks, and I should like to +exchange with any boy reader of <span class="smcap">Young People</span> in the West.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">A. J. Dohrman</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">557 Henry Street, Brooklyn, New York.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I wish the correspondent who sent me a piece of colored marble +from Tennessee would kindly write again, as I can not make out the +name.</p> + +<p>I shall be glad to exchange shells or minerals with any readers of +<span class="smcap">Young People</span>.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Laura Bingham</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Lansing, Michigan.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have a collection of birds' eggs, and a collection of stuffed +birds which I stuffed myself.</p> + +<p>I would like to exchange eggs with any readers of <span class="smcap">Young People</span>.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Harry B. Greene</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">8 Myrtle Street, Boston, Massachusetts.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am collecting postmarks and stamps, and I shall have enough +before long to exchange with the readers of <span class="smcap">Young People</span>. I would +like to exchange a French stamp for a Danish one now.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Joseph Combs</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Care of W. S. Combs, Freehold, New Jersey.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I would like to exchange postage stamps with any correspondent of +<span class="smcap">Young People</span>. I am nine years old.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Anna Stuart</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Rye, Westchester County, New York.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am making a collection of postmarks, and would like to exchange.</p> + +<p>I have an aquarium with gold-fish, minnows, tadpoles, eels, frogs, +and turtles, and would like to know how to feed them.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">John Fisher</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">3 Potts Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>Very full directions for the feeding of these creatures have been given +in different numbers of <span class="smcap">Young People</span>.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I should like to exchange foreign postage stamps with any boy.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Benjamin H. Whittaker</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">120½ Eleventh Street, Brooklyn, New York.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am collecting postage stamps, and would be glad to exchange with +any of the readers of <span class="smcap">Young People</span>. I have also some postmarks.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Thomas Hogan</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">P. O. Box 243, Boston, Massachusetts.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I and my cousin George are collecting stamps. We have a lot of War +Department stamps which we would like to exchange in sets, or +singly, for those of any other department. We have one, two, +three, six, twelve, and fifteen cent stamps.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">William Winslow</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">74 De Soto Street, St. Paul, Minnesota.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am beginning a collection of shells, minerals, birds' eggs and +nests, and I would like to exchange with any correspondent of +<span class="smcap">Young People</span>. As I have just begun to collect, I have not very +many things yet.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Marigo S. Gunari</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Care of P. Gunari, New Rochelle, New York.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I would like to exchange Indian arrow-heads, and specimens of lead +and spar, for shells, ocean curiosities, and pressed flowers.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Emma Lee</span>,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;">Elizabethtown, Hardin County, Illinois.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Earnest Reader</span>.—The small round holes in the clam shells are probably +the work of the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_679" id="Page_679">[Pg 679]</a></span> oyster drill, a tiny sea creature which does much +mischief to all kinds of shell-fish.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Alfred B. C.</span>—Directions for making a paper balloon were given in Our +Post-office Box No. 43.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">B. H. W.</span>—The numbers of <span class="smcap">Young People</span> you require will be forwarded to +you, postage paid, by the publishers, on the receipt of one dollar and +eight cents.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Ford M. G.</span>—The genuine Bologna sausage is manufactured in the city of +Bologna, in Northern Italy. Many imitations of the imported article are +sold in the United States under the same name.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Daisy Violet</span>.—The first volume of <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> will close with +No. 52, which will be published on October 26, 1880.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Maud C.</span>—There is no better way to preserve autumn leaves than to press +them between the leaves of a book, or sheets of paper, and varnish them +when they are thoroughly dry. In the Post-office Box of <span class="smcap">Young People</span> No. +38 there is a letter describing a neat and simple method of varnishing +leaves.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS.</h3> + +<h3>No. 1.</h3> + +<h3>LATIN WORD SQUARE.</h3> + +<p>First, negative individuality. Second, the imperfect form of a verb. +Third, the ablative form of a noun signifying a portion of the body. +Fourth, a bird.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Eddie</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>No. 2.</h3> + +<h3>ENIGMA.</h3> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My first is in yacht, but not in ship.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My second is in beat, but not in whip.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My third is in bun, but not in bread.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My fourth is in needle, but not in thread.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My fifth is in ink, but not in pen.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My sixth is in boys, but not in men.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My seventh is in table, but not in bench.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My eighth is in chisel, but not in wrench.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">If ever my whole you chance to meet,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">You would better make a speedy retreat.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">James</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>No. 3.</h3> + +<h3>DIAMONDS.</h3> + +<p class="center">1. In Labrador. Something all girls should learn to do. To revolt. A +textile fabric. In Labrador.</p> + +<p class="center">2. In Palermo. Novel. A hard substance. A passage. In Palermo.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Susie</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>No. 4.</h3> + +<h3>DOUBLE ACROSTIC.</h3> + +<p>A gentle animal. One of the United States. A Scottish lake. A mark made +by a blow. A Norman name. A recluse. Answer—A city in Europe and a city +in the United States.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Mildred</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p class="center">[The following puzzle is for the benefit of our young readers who are +studying French.]</p> + +<h3>No. 5.</h3> + +<h3>FRENCH NUMERICAL CHARADE.</h3> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">I am a French proverb composed of 28 letters.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My 18, 5, 27, 15, 10, 3, 24, 13 signifies endurance.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My 12, 25, 23 is a ruler.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My 21, 7, 19, 17, 27 is a measure.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My 14, 28, 9, 16, 8 is a fight.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My 11, 26, 1, 27, 20 is a pit.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My 6, 22, 13, 2 is an adjective.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">My 9, 4, 24, 8, 16 is an educational institution.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Uncle Tom</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN NO. 43.</h3> + +<h3>No. 1.</h3> + +<p class="center">Cleopatra's Needle.</p> + +<h3>No. 2.</h3> + +<p class="center">Josephus.</p> + +<h3>No. 3.</h3> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="10%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'>B</td><td align='left'>O</td><td align='left'>M</td><td align='left'>B</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>O</td><td align='left'>L</td><td align='left'>I</td><td align='left'>O</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>M</td><td align='left'>I</td><td align='left'>E</td><td align='left'>N</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>B</td><td align='left'>O</td><td align='left'>N</td><td align='left'>D</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<h3>No. 4.</h3> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="10%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'>S</td><td align='center'>no</td><td align='right'>W</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>T</td><td align='center'>erro</td><td align='right'>R</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>O</td><td align='center'>liv</td><td align='right'>E</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>R</td><td align='center'>epubli</td><td align='right'>C</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>M</td><td align='center'>on</td><td align='right'>K</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>S</td><td align='center'>hip</td><td align='right'>S</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p class="center">Storms, Wrecks.</p> + +<h3>No. 5.</h3> + +<p class="center">Chaucer.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Favors are acknowledged from Ethel Frost, S. T. H., Grace A. C., Mary L. +Jones, C. T. Hamilton, Burton Wilson, Elvira Holder, St. Clair Thornton, +Lynn D., E. L. D., Elmer Wheeler, Daniel D. L., Stella M. B., May, +Hattie M., George Berkstresser, Etta D.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Correct answers to puzzles are received from Ada B. Vouté, Nellie Binney +and Harry Phillips, Annie D. Jones, Fannie E. Cruger, E. Eden, K. T. W., +Gracie Kelley, G. Volckhausen, Frank T. Merry, Eddie A. Leet.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>The following poetic answer to "A Riddle in Rhyme" in <span class="smcap">Young People</span> No. +39, page 568, has been received from a correspondent in Auburn, New +York:</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">From Anno Domini—for short <span class="smcap">a.d.</span>—</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Begins the count of the Christian year.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">That Adam was fatherless all agree;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">That he was a father is very clear.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">That a dam is a mother who'll dispute?</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Or that a son's his father's fruit?</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">And puzzle over it, little or much,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 24em;">A dam gave Holland to the Dutch.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h3>THE MUSICAL ANECDOTE.</h3> + +<p>The Musical Anecdote given in <span class="smcap">Young People</span> No. 44 can be translated by +substituting for the musical signs the following words in the order +given:</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Staff.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Quick, staccato.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Turn.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Sharp.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Run.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Scale.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Bar.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Flat.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Chord.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Dashed.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Rest.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Time.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Quarter.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Sixteenth.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Full stop.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Very loud.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Bind.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Measures.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Quaver.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Brace.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Slur.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Natural.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Rest.</i></span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 31em;"><i>Signature.</i></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE.</h2> + +<p><span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates—<i>payable in advance, postage free</i>:</p> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Single Copies</span></td><td align='right'>$0.04</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">One Subscription</span>, <i>one year</i></td><td align='right'>1.50</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Five Subscriptions</span>, <i>one year</i></td><td align='right'>7.00</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p>Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order.</p> + +<p>Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss.</p> + +<h3>ADVERTISING.</h3> + +<p>The extent and character of the circulation of <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Address</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 30em;">HARPER & BROTHERS,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 35em;">Franklin Square, N. Y.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>The Child's Book of Nature.</h2> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>The Child's Book of Nature, for the Use of Families and Schools: +intended to aid Mothers and Teachers in Training Children in the +Observation of Nature. In Three Parts. Part I. Plants. Part II. Animals. +Part III. Air, Water, Heat, Light, &c. By <span class="smcap">Worthington Hooker</span>, M.D. +Illustrated. The Three Parts complete in One Volume. Small 4to, Half +Leather, $1.12; or, separately, in Cloth, Part I., 45 cents; Part II., +48 cents; Part III., 48 cents.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>A beautiful and useful work. It presents a general survey of the kingdom +of nature in a manner adapted to attract the attention of the child, and +at the same time to furnish him with accurate and important scientific +information. While the work is well suited as a class-book for schools, +its fresh and simple style cannot fail to render it a great favorite for +family reading.</p> + +<p>The Three Parts of this book can be had in separate volumes by those who +desire it. This will be advisable when the book is to be used in +teaching quite young children, especially in schools.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <i>Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the +United States, on receipt of the price.</i></h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>COLUMBIA BICYCLE.</h2> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 181px;"> +<img src="images/ill_012.jpg" width="181" height="200" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>Bicycle riding is the best as well as the healthiest of out-door sports; +is easily learned and never forgotten. Send 3c. stamp for 24-page +Illustrated Catalogue, containing Price-Lists and full information.</p> + +<h3>THE POPE MFG. CO.,</h3> + +<h4>79 Summer St., Boston, Mass.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>CHILDREN'S</h2> + +<h3>PICTURE-BOOKS.</h3> + +<p class="center">Square 4to, about 300 pages each, beautifully printed on Tinted +Paper, embellished with many Illustrations, bound in Cloth, $1.50 +per volume.</p> + +<h3>The Children's Picture-Book of Sagacity of Animals.</h3> + +<p class="center">With Sixty Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Harrison Weir</span>.</p> + +<h3>The Children's Bible Picture-Book.</h3> + +<p class="center">With Eighty Illustrations, from Designs by <span class="smcap">Steinle</span>, <span class="smcap">Overbeck</span>, +<span class="smcap">Veit</span>, <span class="smcap">Schnorr</span>, &c.</p> + +<h3>The Children's Picture Fable-Book.</h3> + +<p class="center">Containing One Hundred and Sixty Fables. With Sixty Illustrations +by <span class="smcap">Harrison Weir</span>.</p> + +<h3>The Children's Picture-Book of Birds.</h3> + +<p class="center">With Sixty-one Illustrations by <span class="smcap">W. Harvey</span>.</p> + +<h3>The Children's Picture-Book of Quadrupeds and other Mammalia.</h3> + +<p class="center">With Sixty-one Illustrations by <span class="smcap">W. Harvey</span>.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <i>Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the +United States, on receipt of the price.</i></h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>OUR CHILDREN'S SONGS.</h2> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p class="center">Our Children's Songs. Illustrated. 8vo, Ornamental Cover, $1.00.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>This is a large collection of songs for the nursery, for childhood, for +boys and for girls, and sacred songs for all. The range of subjects is a +wide one, and the book is handsomely illustrated.—<i>Philadelphia +Ledger.</i></p> + +<p>Songs for the nursery, songs for childhood, for girlhood, boyhood, +and sacred songs—the whole melody of childhood and youth bound in +one cover. Full of lovely pictures; sweet mother and baby faces; +charming bits of scenery, and the dear old Bible story-telling +pictures.—<i>Churchman</i>, N. Y.</p> + +<p>The best compilation of songs for the Children that we have ever +seen.—<i>New Bedford Mercury.</i></p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span> <i>will send the above work by mail, +postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on receipt of the +price</i>.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>Harper's New and Enlarged Catalogue,</h2> + +<p class="center">With a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX, and a VISITORS' GUIDE TO THEIR +ESTABLISHMENT,</p> + +<p class="center">Sent by mail on receipt of Nine Cents.</p> + +<h4>HARPER & BROTHERS, <span class="smcap">Franklin Square</span>, N. Y.</h4> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_680" id="Page_680">[Pg 680]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_013.jpg" width="400" height="278" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center">Of these two objects the first is not a hand, and the second is not a +windmill. What are they?</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"><a name="ANOTHER_SQUARE_PUZZLE" id="ANOTHER_SQUARE_PUZZLE"></a> +<img src="images/ill_014.jpg" width="300" height="274" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<h2>ANOTHER SQUARE PUZZLE.</h2> + +<p>The puzzle is to draw two squares in the positions shown by the diagram, +without lifting the pencil from the paper, or crossing one line with +another.</p> + +<p>Let our little readers exercise their ingenuity over this apparently +simple problem.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="HOW_TO_MAKE_A_CUCUIUS" id="HOW_TO_MAKE_A_CUCUIUS"></a>HOW TO MAKE A CUCUIUS.</h2> + +<h3>BY FRANK BELLEW.</h3> + +<p>You would like to be able to mate a cucuius, would you not? We will tell +you. But perhaps you would like to know what, in the name of Memnon, a +cucuius is? Well, we will tell you that too.</p> + +<p>A cucuius, or cucuij, is a kind of beetle, about three inches long, +which emits a very brilliant light from two large protuberances in its +head, which look like its eyes. It is called the lantern-fly in English, +and lives in South America. The light it gives is so bright that you can +read a book by it. The natives employ them in place of candles to +illuminate their rooms while performing their domestic work. We have +seen one exhibited in a room where eight gas-burners were in full blaze, +and yet its two great demoniac-looking eyes (or what appeared to be +eyes) shone more brightly than the most brilliant of precious +stones—with an intensity, it will be no exaggeration to say, equal to +the electric light. The effect was perfectly startling, and rather +appalling.</p> + +<p>To give light, however, is not the only good quality this wonderful +insect possesses: it is a deadly enemy to gnats, by which the natives of +the Spanish West Indies are greatly annoyed. When they wish to rid +themselves of these pests they procure two or three of the cucuiuii, and +let them loose in the room, when they soon make short work of the enemy. +The method of catching the cucuius adopted by the natives is to repair +to some open piece of land with a flaming fire-brand, which they wave +vigorously backward and forward, calling out all the time, "Cucuie, +cucuie, cucuie." This attracts the insects to them, when they are easily +captured with a small net. What a blessing these cucuiuii would be to us +be-bitten inhabitants of the United States if Mr. Cucuius would only +treat our mosquitoes with the vigor that he does the gnats of the +tropics!</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 230px;"> +<img src="images/ill_015.jpg" width="230" height="300" alt="The Cucuius, or Lantern-Fly." title="" /> +<span class="caption">The Cucuius, or Lantern-Fly.</span> +</div> + +<p>In South America they are used as ornaments for the hair and dresses of +the ladies; and on certain festivals young people gallop through the +streets on horseback, brilliantly illuminated, horse and rider, with +these insects, secured in little nets, or cages made of fine twigs woven +together. The effect is marvellous, producing in the dark evening the +appearance of a large moving body of light. "Many wanton, wild +fellowes," as an old writer describes them, rub their faces with the +flesh of a killed cucuius, as boys with us sometimes do with phosphorus, +to frighten or amuse their friends.</p> + +<p>And now we will tell you how to make a very fair—by no means so +brilliant—imitation of the cucuius. By looking at our picture you will +see the shape of the insect. Cut this out of a piece of cork about three +inches long, and make the legs of thin wire (after the manner of the +spider we described in a previous number); then get some strips of thin +tin-foil, and gum them on the back of the cucuius; then paint over the +whole with transparent green color (oil paints if possible). Now gouge +out two holes about the size of the head of a common match, and then cut +off the heads of two common matches, and insert them into the aforesaid +holes, and your cucuius will be complete. To make the eyes shine, rub +them with oil or water. If your insect is painted with oil-colors, you +can place it in a vessel of water, for it is in that element that the +real cucuius shines most brightly.</p> + +<p>You can make a still more brilliant imitation of the cucuius by filling +the eye-holes with grains of pure phosphorus, easily procured at a +druggist's, or with a paste made of tallow and phosphorus, which is less +combustible than the pure article. But as both these things are very +dangerous to handle, we would not recommend their use except with the +consent and in the presence of a grown person. Another point with regard +to the handling of phosphorus, which applies also to matches, is that it +is apt to destroy the teeth, particularly where any decay has already +taken place. For this reason only persons with sound teeth are employed +in match factories. Therefore never put the end of a match in your +mouth.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/ill_016.jpg" width="600" height="472" alt="A PLEASANT DAY IN THE COUNTRY." title="" /> +<span class="caption">A PLEASANT DAY IN THE COUNTRY.</span> +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Harper's Young People, September 14, +1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, SEP 14, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 29136-h.htm or 29136-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/9/1/3/29136/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + +</pre> + +</body> +</html> diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_001.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_001.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..74af347 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_001.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_002.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_002.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..edf2ad9 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_002.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_003.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_003.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..9d662d9 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_003.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_004.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_004.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..1dbc5aa --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_004.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_005.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_005.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..4b1bb37 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_005.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_006.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_006.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..c4e3cd9 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_006.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_007.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_007.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..3470162 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_007.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_008.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_008.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..f0c8584 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_008.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_009.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_009.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..29d6246 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_009.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_010.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_010.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..d89e045 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_010.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_011.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_011.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..1b02b1e --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_011.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_012.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_012.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..3b3d56b --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_012.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_013.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_013.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..f5865f7 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_013.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_014.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_014.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a11527 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_014.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_015.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_015.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..e01c2de --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_015.jpg diff --git a/29136-h/images/ill_016.jpg b/29136-h/images/ill_016.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..23af53a --- /dev/null +++ b/29136-h/images/ill_016.jpg diff --git a/29136.txt b/29136.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..08a1675 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2673 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, September 14, 1880, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, September 14, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: June 16, 2009 [EBook #29136] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, SEP 14, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: HARPER'S + +YOUNG PEOPLE + +AN ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY.] + + * * * * * + +VOL. I.--NO. 46. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR +CENTS. + +Tuesday, September 14, 1880. Copyright, 1880, by HARPER & BROTHERS. +$1.50 per Year, in Advance. + + * * * * * + + + + +[Illustration: CALLING THE ROLL.--DRAWN BY T. THULSTRUP.] + +WHO WAS PAUL GRAYSON? + +BY JOHN HABBERTON, + +AUTHOR OF "HELEN'S BABIES." + + +CHAPTER I. + +THE NEW PUPIL. + +The boys who attended Mr. Morton's Select School in the village of +Laketon did not profess to know more than boys of the same age and +advantages elsewhere; but of one thing they were absolutely certain, and +that was that no teacher ever rang his bell to assemble the school or +call the boys in from recess until just that particular instant when the +fun in the school-yard was at its highest, and the boys least wanted to +come in. A teacher might be very fair about some things: he might help a +boy through a hard lesson, or give him fewer bad marks than he had +earned; he might even forget to report to a boy's parent's all the cases +of truancy in which their son had indulged; but when a teacher once +laid his hand upon that dreadful bell and stepped to the window, it +really seemed as if every particle of human sympathy went out of him. + +On one bright May morning, however, the boys who made this regular daily +complaint were few; indeed, all of them, except Bert Sharp, who had +three consecutive absences to explain, and no written excuse from his +father to help him out, were already inside the school-room, and even +Bert stood where he could look through the open door while he cudgelled +his wits and smothered his conscience in the endeavor to frame an +explanation that might seem plausible. The boys already inside lounged +near any desks but their own, and conversed in low tones about almost +everything except the subject upper-most in their minds, this subject +being a handsome but rather sober-looking boy of about fourteen years, +who was seated at a desk in the back part of the room, and trying, +without any success whatever, to look as if he did not know that all the +other boys were looking at him. + +It was not at all wonderful that the boys stared, for none of them had +ever before seen the new pupil, and Laketon was so small a town that the +appearance of a strange boy was almost as unusual an event as the coming +of a circus. + +"Let's give it up," said Will Palmer, who had for five minutes been +discussing with several other boys all sorts of improbabilities about +the origin of the new pupil; "let's give it up until roll-call; then +we'll learn his name, and that'll be a little comfort." + +"I wish Mr. Morton would hurry, then," said Benny Mallow. "I came early +this morning to see if I couldn't win back my striped alley from Ned +Johnston, and this business has kept us from playing a single game. +Quick, boys, quick! Mr. Morton's getting ready to touch the bell." + +The group separated in an instant, and every member was seated before +the bell struck; so were most of the other boys, and so many pairs of +eyes looked inquiringly at the teacher that Mr. Morton himself had to +bite his lower lip very hard to keep from laughing as he formally rang +the school to order. As the roll was called, the boys answered to their +names in a prompt, sharp, business-like way, quite unusual in +school-rooms; and as the call proceeded, the responses became so quick +as to sometimes get a little ahead of the names that the boys knew were +coming. + +Suddenly, as the names beginning with G were reached, and Charlie Gunter +had his mouth wide open, ready to say "Here," the teacher called, "Paul +Grayson." + +"Here!" answered the new boy. + +A slight sensation ran through the school; no boy did anything for which +he had to be called to order, yet somehow the turning of heads, the +catching of breath, and the letting go of breath that had been held in +longer than usual made a slight commotion, which reached the ears of the +strange pupil, and made his look rather more ill at ease than before. +The answers to the roll became at once less spirited; indeed, Benny +Mallow was staring so hard, now that he had a name to increase his +interest in the stranger, that he forgot entirely to answer to his name, +and was compelled to sit on the chair beside the teacher's desk from +that moment until recess. + +That recess seemed longer in coming than any other that the school had +ever known--longer even than that memorable one in which a strolling +trio of Italian musicians had been specially contracted with to begin +playing in the school-yard the moment the boys came down. Finally, +however, the bell rang half past ten, and the whole roomful hurried down +stairs, but not before Mr. Morton had called Joe Appleby, the largest +boy in school, and formally introduced Paul Grayson, with the expressed +wish that he should make his new companion feel at home among the boys. + +Appleby went about his work with an air that showed how fully he +realized the importance of his position: he introduced Grayson to every +boy, beginning with the largest; and it was in vain that Benny Mallow, +who was the youngest of the party, made all sorts of excuses to throw +himself in the way of the distinguished couple, even to the extent of +once getting his feet badly mixed up with those of Grayson. When, +however, the ceremony ended, and Appleby was at liberty, so many of the +boys crowded around him, that the new pupil was in some danger of being +lonely. + +"Find out for yourselves," was Appleby's dignified and general reply to +his questioners. "I don't consider it gentlemanly to tell everything I +know about a man." + +At this rebuke the smaller boys considered Appleby a bigger man than +ever before, but some of the larger ones hinted that Appleby couldn't +very well tell what he didn't know, at which Appleby took offense, and +joined the group of boys who were leaning against a fence, in the shade +of which Will Palmer had already inveigled the new boy into +conversation. + +"By-the-way," said Will, "there's time yet for a game or two of ball. +Will you play?" + +"Yes, I'll be glad to," said Grayson. + +"Who else?" asked Will. + +"I!" shouted all of the boys, who did not forget their grammar so far as +to say "Me!" instead. Really, the eagerness of the boys to play ball had +never before been equalled in the memory of any one present, and Will +Palmer cooled off some quite warm friends by his inability to choose +more than two boys to complete the quartette for a common game of ball. +It did the disappointed boys a great deal of good to hear the teacher's +bell ring just as Will Palmer "caught himself in" to Grayson's bat. + +"You play a splendid game," said Will to Grayson as they went up stairs +side by side. "Where did you learn it?" + +Joe Appleby, who was on the step in front of the couple, dragged just an +instant in order to catch the expected information, but all he got was a +bump from Palmer, that nearly tumbled him forward on his dignified nose, +as Grayson answered, + +"Oh, in several places; nowhere in particular." + +Palmer immediately determined that he would follow his new schoolmate +home at noon, and discover where he lived. Then he would interview the +neighbors, and try to get some information ahead of that stuck-up Joe +Appleby, who, considering he was only four months older than Palmer +himself, put on too many airs for anything. But when school was +dismissed, Palmer was disgusted at noting that at least half of the +other boys were distributing themselves for just such an operation as +the one he had planned. Besides, Grayson did not come down stairs with +the crowd. Could it be possible that he was from the country, and had +brought a cold lunch to school with him? Palmer hurried up the stairs to +see, but met the teacher and the new boy coming down, and the two walked +away, and together entered the house of old Mrs. Bartle, where Mr. +Morton boarded. + +"He's a boarding scholar," exclaimed Benny Mallow. "I've read of such +things in books." + +"Then he'll be stuck up," declared Joe Appleby. + +This opinion was delivered with a shake of the head that seemed to +intimate that Joe had known all the ways of boarding scholars for +thousands of years; so most of the boys looked quite sober for a moment +or two. Finally Sam Wardwell, whose father kept a store, broke the +silence by remarking, "I'll bet he's from Boston; his coat is of just +the same stuff as one that a drummer wears who comes to see father +sometimes." + +"Umph!" grunted Appleby; "do you suppose Boston has some kinds of cloth +all to itself? _You_ don't know much." + +The smaller boys seemed to side with the senior pupil in this opinion; +so Sam felt very uncomfortable, and vowed silently that he would bring a +piece of chalk to school that very afternoon, and do some rapid +sketching on the back of Appleby's own coat. Then Benny Mallow said: +"Say, boys, this old school must be a pretty good one, after all, if +people somewhere else send boarders to it. His folks must be rich: did +you notice what a splendid knife he cut his finger-nails with?--'twas a +four-blader, with a pearl handle. But of course you didn't see it, and I +did; he used it in school, and my desk is right beside his." + +Will Palmer immediately led Benny aside, and offered him a young +fan-tail pigeon, when his long-expected brood was hatched, to change +desks, if the teacher's permission could be obtained. Meanwhile Napoleon +Nott, who generally was called Notty, and who had more imagination than +all the rest of the boys combined, remarked, "I believe he's a foreign +prince in disguise." + +"He's well-bred, anyhow," said Will Palmer to Benny Mallow. "I hope +he'll be man enough to stand no nonsense. He's big enough, and smart +enough, if looks go for anything, to run this school, and I'd like to +see him do it--anything to get rid of Joe Appleby's airs." + +Then the various groups separated, moved by the appetites that boys in +good health always have. One boy, however--Joe Appleby--was man enough +to deny his palate when greater interests devolved upon him, so he made +some excuse to go back to the school-room, so as to be there when the +teacher and his new charge returned. Half an hour later Benny Mallow, +who had sneaked away from home as soon as the dessert had been brought +in, and had vulgarly eaten his pie as he walked along the street--Benny +Mallow walked into the school-room, and beheld the teacher, Joe Appleby, +and Paul Grayson standing together as if they had been talking. As Benny +went to his seat Joe followed him, and bestowed upon him a look of such +superiority that Benny determined at once that some marvellous mystery +must have been revealed, and that Joe was the custodian of the entire +thing. Benny was so full of this fancy that he slipped down stairs and +told it as fact to each boy who appeared, the result being to make Joe +Appleby a greater man than ever in the eyes of the school, while Grayson +became a tormenting yet most invaluable mystery. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +GOOD-BY. + +BY MARY D. BRINE. + + + Good-by, vacation, you jolly old time-- + Good-by to your idle hours; + Good-by to dear fields and mountains and glens, + And the beautiful sweet wild flowers; + Good-by to the hours of frolic and fun, + And to freedom's all-glorious reign; + For vacation is ended, it's season is o'er, + And now for our school life again. + + No longer the fences we'll merrily scale, + Nor climb to the tree-tops each day; + But the ladder of learning before us is raised, + And upward we'll wend our way. + Ah, deep in our hearts will the memory lie + Of the happy old days so dear, + And over our books we will wearily sigh, + "Oh, would our vacation were here!" + + The bright days yet linger, the grass still is green, + Not yet have the mountains turned gray; + But what are the charms of sweet nature, alas! + Since vacation has vanished away? + But there is one comfort--the seasons roll round, + And all in good time we shall hear + Dame Nature's glad joy-bell ring gayly once more, + "School is out, and vacation is here." + + + + +THE 'LONGSHORE YACHT CLUB. + +BY WILLIAM O. STODDARD. + + +"Yes, boys, de tide's a-comin' in now. Dat yot ob mine'll float afore +long." + +"General," said Bob Fogg, "may we have your skiff for our yacht club a +little while to-day?" + +"No, sah," replied George Washington, positively, with a wide grin on +his wrinkled, old, very black face. "De club can't hab no skiff ob mine. +Ef dey wants to borry my yot, dey can, dough." + +"Bob," said Tommy Conners, "don't you know a sailin' vessel from a +skiff?" + +"Look at the mast," said Gus Martin. + +"And the sail," said Stuyvesant Rankin, with some dignity. + +"Now, Sty," said General George Washington, as he limped a few feet +further from the spot where his rugged-looking old boat lay stuck in the +mud, "wot do you know 'bout sails? Youah mudder nebber went to sea. +She's a dressmaker." + +"We can have the yacht, then, General, mast and sail and all?" + +The little old black man evidently liked the members of that club, but +he shook his grizzled head doubtfully. "You mought tip ober, and git +yerselves drownded." + +"No, we won't," exclaimed Put Varick; "every one of us can swim across +the Harlem and back again." + +"'Cept wen de tide's runnin' too strong. Well, it's wuff w'ile dat you +kin swim. I 'mos' upsot her myself dis berry mornin' comin' home. +Wouldn't I lost a heap ob crabs! More'n a bushel. Real blue-leg channel +crabs, bestest kind." + +There was more to be said, but the yacht club carried the day, and the +General limped off, turning now and then to chuckle, as he saw his young +friends crowding into the wonderful craft on the mud. + +"Ef dey hasn't h'isted de sail! Yah! yah! Gwine to sail dat yot ob mine +right across de sand-bank!" + +There was hardly wind enough for that; but it would be some time before +the tide would rise high enough to float the boat, and the club were not +in a state of mind to wait. + +"Tell you what, boys, we'll have a cruise," said Bob Fogg. "She's a +beauty. Let's have a 'lection of officers before we start." + +They were all agreed on that, but Joe McGinnis insisted that the +grown-up yacht clubs never had any elections. + +"They just draw cuts, boys, and they give the longest straw to the man +that owns the club, to begin with." + +"That's the best way," said Tommy Conners; "but the General's gone +home." + +"I'll take his cut for him," shouted Bob Fogg. "I'll choose to be +Bo's'n, 'cause I know how to steer." + +Nobody objected, although every member of the club said he knew how to +steer, and Sty Rankin had a lot of straws ready in half a minute. + +Tommy Conners drew the longest straw, and said he would be Captain; but +when Gus Martin came next, and decided to be a Commodore, Tommy +muttered, ruefully, "I'd forgot about that." + +Stuyvesant Rankin's memory was still better, for he had hardly compared +his straw with the others before he shouted, "I'll be Admiral of this +club." + +Put Varick was so stunned by that that he only said, "I'm Cook; there +won't be any work for me this trip." + +"What am I, then?" asked Joe McGinnis, with the shortest straw in his +hand. + +"You?" said Bob Fogg; "why, you're the Crew. Take hold of that larboard +oar, and pull it out of the mud. There's those three landlubbers up on +the bank. They'd pelt us if they dared." + +The three landlubbers were there, and they were making loud remarks +about the club, but the yacht was almost ready to float now, and no +attention could be paid to them. + +Just beyond the little creek where General George Washington kept his +boat spread the busy waters of the Harlem River, with the great city of +New York on both sides, but not very close to the edge of it. It was a +very busy sheet of water indeed. There were small steamboats carrying +passengers here and there; little tug-boats tugged and puffed and +coughed at the sides of big schooners loaded with lumber from Maine; +long race-boats, with gayly dressed oarsmen, darted swiftly over the +water, like great wooden pickerel, they were so long and sharp and +narrow. There were fishing-boats, pleasure-boats, steam-launches, even +canoes that were driven by one man and a paddle. But among them all +there was no other craft like General George Washington's "yot." + +"Boys," exclaimed Captain Conners, "we've forgotten." + +"What?" said Admiral Rankin. + +"To name the boat." + +"Oh, that's all right!" said Commodore Martin. "The General named her +himself. She's the _Hail Columbia_." + +"Admiral," shouted Boatswain Bob Fogg, "she's beginning to float. You +get away forward there, beyond the mast. Captain, you and the Commodore +get in the middle. Now, Cook, you and the Crew pull hard a minute, and +we'll be out of the mud." + +The Admiral obeyed, although there was hardly room to squeeze into, and +the mast crowded his back a little. The Cook and the Crew also obeyed, +and the _Hail Columbia_ suddenly shot away from the bank, and around the +head of the rotten old wooden pier. + +"If there ain't those three landlubbers," exclaimed Boatswain Fogg, "out +on the pier head. And they've got a lot of half-bricks to spatter us +with." + +[Illustration: THE YACHT CLUB STARTS ON ITS ANNUAL CRUISE.] + +There they were; but at that moment the wind came up with a sudden puff, +and filled the sail which the genius of the General had added to the +motive power of that "yot." It was just at the wrong moment, for Captain +Tommy Conners and Commodore Gus Martin were having an argument over an +extra oar they had found in the bottom of the boat, and they were +rocking it badly. The Cook was rowing his best, but the tip of the boat +sent his oar deep under water, and the Crew suddenly found his oar +lifted out into the air. + +"Joe McGinnis, you've caught a crab," exclaimed Boatswain Fogg. But +before he could say anything to the Captain and the Commodore, the three +landlubbers were at work. + +Splash, splash, splatter! how those bricks and sticks did fall around +the _Hail Columbia_! + +"Oh dear!" said Admiral Stuyvesant Rankin to himself, in the bows. "If +the yacht upsets, I'm the only member of the club that's got a new coat +on." + +The breeze came fresher and fresher, and in a minute more the _Hail +Columbia_ was out of reach of the "battery" on the pier head. Her sable +owner, however, was watching her from the door of his cabin with genuine +pride. + +"Don't she go! Don't she jest slip fru de watah! She does moah sailin' +to de squar' foot dan any odder yot on de ribber." + +So she did, if he meant that it took her longer to travel that foot, or +any other. + +It was no joke to be "Bo's'n" of the _Hail Columbia_, as Bob Fogg soon +found out. + +"Tell you what, boys," he said, "it's 'cause she hasn't any keel on her. +I have to keep steering all the while. There's no saying where she won't +go to." + +"Keep along shore," shouted the Admiral from the bows. "You're heading +out into the river." + +"Now, Sty, if you think you can steer this yacht better than I can, just +you come aft and try." + +"Hey, there, you young pirates! Where are you heading for?" + +It was the shout of a big-armed young fellow in a shell race-boat, who +found himself suddenly compelled to pull to the right desperately to +avoid being run down by the _Hail Columbia_. + +"Lookout! Oh--" + +Thump. "I declare!" + +The first exclamation was from the tall, slim gentleman in the +"out-riggered" wherry, who had been racing with the big-armed young man, +and had not been looking out well enough. + +He tried to turn to the left, but it was very late to try, and the +suddenness of it helped him "catch a crab" with his starboard oar. When +he said "Oh," he was just going over into the water. + +The "thump" and the other exclamation did no harm to the _Hail +Columbia_, but the fat old gentleman in the tub of a pleasure-boat that +had bumped against the yacht remarked: + +"The river swarms with boys to-day. I'm not sorry that other one got a +ducking. I've had to get out of his way twice." + +The officers and crew of the _Hail Columbia_ were inclined to keep a +little quiet, all but their brave Boatswain. + +"Don't you know how to steer, you fellows? Don't you know that sailing +vessels have the right of way? You ought to have blown your whistle +sooner." + +"I declare!" again exclaimed the old gentleman. "The child is perfectly +right." + +"Bo's'n," asked the Commodore, "can't we tack and keep along shore +again?" + +"We can't tack with the sail up--not in this yacht; but we can let it +down and turn her round with the oars." They did that very thing, and in +five minutes more the _Hail Columbia_ was pointing her Admiral toward +the north shore of the Harlem again. + +The slim man managed to get back into his "shell," but he had lost his +race with the big-armed man. + +"Bo's'n," remarked the Commodore, as they sailed along, "you needn't run +us into the mud." + +"I guess not," said Bob Fogg; "but if I can steer her close enough to +land, I'm going up as far as the bridge." + +It was a grand cruise, and it lasted a long time; but when the _Hail +Columbia_ once more ran into the little cove, there was General George +Washington ready to say, + +"Look a-heah, boys, I didn't say you mought cross de 'Lantic Ocean. I +wants dat yot to go for some bass." + + + + +OLD TIMES IN THE COLONIES. + +BY CHARLES CARLETON COFFIN. + + +No. V. + +HOW THE SETTLERS OF WALPOLE DEFENDED THEMSELVES. + +Beautiful the green meadows, the surrounding hills, and the distant +mountains forming the landscape in Walpole, New Hampshire, which Colonel +Benjamin Bellows and John Kilburn gazed upon on the banks of the +Connecticut River in 1749. They had built their log-houses with +loop-holes in the walls through which they could fire upon the Indians +in case they were attacked. Though peace had been agreed upon between +France and England, the people who lived along the frontier felt no +security, for the French in Canada were continually urging the Indians +to commit depredations on the English. It was a short and easy journey +from Crown Point, on Lake Champlain, to the valley of the Connecticut, +and the Indians who sold their furs to the French were frequent visitors +to the settlements along the Connecticut. + +One of the Indians who visited John Kilburn was called Captain Philip. +He had been baptized and christened by the Jesuit priests at the Indian +village of St. Francis, on the banks of the St. Lawrence, half way from +Montreal to Quebec. The St. Francis tribe were called Christian Indians. +There were rumors that war would break out again between England and +France. Before war was declared hostilities began. + +It was in the spring of 1755 that Captain Philip made a visit to John +Kilburn's house with some beaver-skins for sale. He wanted powder, +bullets, and flints for pay. While he was trading, Captain Philip was +running his eyes over the house, looking at the thick timbers, the +loop-holes in the walls. When he had finished his trade he visited the +other houses in the settlement. He was kindly treated. The settlers +never mistrusted that he was taking observations for future use. + +August came. The settlers heard that war had begun, and knew that the +French and Indians might be upon them at any moment. They strengthened +their block-houses. No one went into the field to work alone. They +always carried their guns with them. They had some faithful watch-dogs +which always growled when Indians were about. There were nearly forty +men in the settlement. They were stout-hearted, and were determined not +to be driven out by the French and Indians. They appointed Colonel +Bellows to be their leader. He had a suspicion that Indians were about. + +"We must have a supply of meal, so that in case we are attacked we shall +have something to eat," he said. + +The settlers filled each a bag with corn, shouldered them, and then, in +single file, each man carrying his gun, they marched to the grist-mill +which they had erected, ground the corn into meal, shouldered the sacks +once more, and started homeward, their faithful watch-dogs trotting in +advance, paying no attention to squirrels or partridges, or game of that +sort. + +Suddenly the dogs came back, growling, the hair on their backs in a +ruff. + +"There are Indians about. Throw down your sacks," said Colonel Bellows. + +The men threw their sacks on the ground, dropped into the ferns, and +looked to the priming of their guns. The ferns were tall, and completely +concealed them. Colonel Bellows suspected that the Indians had laid an +ambuscade at a narrow place in the path which they must pass. He crept +slowly forward to see what he could discover, careful not to break a +twig or make any noise. He crept to the top of a little hill, peeped +through the ferns, and discovered a great number of Indians, nearly two +hundred, crouching behind trees, or lying on the ground, waiting for the +white men to enter the trap. He made his way back to his men, issued his +orders in a whisper, and all crawled through the ferns toward the +Indians till they were only a few rods from them. + +All were ready. Every man sprang to his feet, and yelled as loud as he +could, "Hi-ya! hi-ya!" It was a terrific howl. + +The next moment not a settler was to be seen; all had dropped upon the +ground, and were concealed by the ferns. + +In an instant every Indian was on his feet, firing his gun, but hitting +nobody. + +There was an answering flash from the ferns, each settler taking aim, +and the Indians sprang into the air, or fell headlong before the +bullets. + +The red men outnumbered the settlers five to one, but were so astounded +by the surprise that, picking up the wounded, they made a hasty retreat +into a swamp, and the settlers made all haste to their block-house, +anticipating an attack. Not one of them had been injured. + +This body of Indians was a part of a band of more than three hundred, +led by Captain Philip, who had come from Canada with the expectation of +wiping out the settlements along the Connecticut, and of returning to +Canada with many prisoners and no end of scalps. It was at the +pleasantest season of the year. The woods were full of game, and with +the provisions they would get in the settlements which they intended to +destroy they would have an abundance of food. + +Captain Philip, with the rest of the Indians, was creeping stealthily +through the woods toward John Kilburn's house. Mr. Kilburn and his son +John, Mr. Pike and his son, were out in the field reaping wheat, their +guns close at hand. Mr. Kilburn had trained his dog to scour the woods, +and the faithful animal ever had his eyes and ears open, and was +sniffing the wind if a wolf or bear was about. On this afternoon in +August the dog came running in with his hair in a ruff, and growling. + +"Indians," said Mr. Kilburn. The men and boys seized their guns, ran for +the house, and had just time to get inside and bar the door when Captain +Philip and nearly two hundred Indians made their appearance. + +The Indians staid at a safe distance, and so did Captain Philip, though +he came near enough to talk. + +"Come out, old John! come out, young John! I give you good quarter," he +shouted. + +[Illustration: THE DEFENSE OF THE CABIN--DRAWN BY A. B. SHULTS.] + +There were only the two men, the two boys, Mrs. Kilburn and her daughter +and four children, in the house, with three hundred Indians attacking +them, but John Kilburn was not in the least frightened--not he. Neither +was Mrs. Kilburn, nor her son or daughter. They had several extra guns; +Mrs. Kilburn and her daughter knew how to load them. They would rather +die than be taken prisoners. The Indians had no cannon, and their +bullets would not go through the stout timbers. Only by burning the +house would they be able to get in. + +"Get you gone, you rascal, or I'll quarter you!" was the defiant answer +that John Kilburn shouted through one of the loop-holes to Captain +Philip, as the latter went back to the dark crowd of savages, who set up +the war-whoop. + +"They yell like so many devils," said John Kilburn; but he was not in +the least disturbed by the howling. + +Then the bullets began to come through the shingles on the roof, and +strike against the timbers. + +The Indians surrounded the house, but there were loop-holes on each +side. Mr. Kilburn and Mr. Pike took two of the sides, and the two boys +the others. Bang! bang! went the guns of Mr. Kilburn and Mr. Pike. Bang! +bang! went the boys' guns. They could fire at a rest, and take +deliberate aim. The Indians could not see the muzzles of the guns, and +the moment one of the red men peeped from behind a tree his skull was in +danger. + +One by one they fell, which enraged them all the more, and they crept +nearer, firing rapidly, riddling the shingles, hoping, quite likely, +that a bullet might glance down from the roof, and hit those inside. + +"The roof looks like a sieve," said John Kilburn, as he looked up and +saw the holes. + +Mrs. Kilburn and her daughter were loading the extra guns the while, and +handing them to the men and boys, who kept up such a rapid fire that the +Indians came to the conclusion that there were a large number of men in +the house. + +"We shall soon be out of bullets," said Mrs. Kilburn. + +A thought came: why not catch the bullets that were coming through the +roof? The balls had nearly spent their force when they came through, and +they hung up a blanket, with thick folds, which stopped them entirely; +and the girl, gathering them as they fell harmlessly upon the floor, put +them into a ladle, melted them, and ran new bullets, which soon were +whizzing through the air, and doing damage to the enemy. + +All through the afternoon the fight goes on, the Indians aiming at the +loop-holes. Their bullets pepper the logs around them. One comes in, and +inflicts a ghastly wound in Mr. Pike's thigh, but the Indians do not +know it, and the brave defense is kept up till the Indians, foiled in +all their efforts, defeated, with several of their number dead and many +wounded from the volley fired by Colonel Bellows and his men, and by +those in the house, set Mr. Kilburn's wheat on fire, kill his cattle, +bury their dead, and slink away, not having taken a scalp or a prisoner. +They have only wounded one man. + +When everything goes well with the Indian he can be very brave, but when +the tide is against him he quickly loses courage and becomes +disheartened, and so Captain Philip made his way back to Canada, very +much crest-fallen at the repulse received at the hands of two men, a +woman, two boys, and a brave-hearted girl. + +[TO BE CONTINUED.] + + + + +CAMBRIDGE SERIES + +OF + +INFORMATION CARDS FOR SCHOOLS. + + +No. 3. + +About Combustion. + +BY + +W. J. ROLFE, A.M. + +Combustion is only another name for burning, and burning in all ordinary +cases is _oxidation_, or union with oxygen, one of the gases that make +up our atmosphere. It is a _chemical_ change; that is, one by which we +get a new substance entirely unlike any of the substances united. Common +salt, for instance, is formed by the chemical union of a yellow, +bad-smelling gas and a soft silvery metal. When coal and wood are +burned, the chief products of the union with oxygen are carbonic acid +and water. The former is a colorless gas, and the latter is in the form +of invisible vapor, and both go up the chimney and mix with the outer +air. The ashes left behind are only what can not be burned or united +with the oxygen. If we collect all the products of the burning, together +with the ashes, we find that they weigh more than the coal or wood, the +increase being exactly equal to the weight of the oxygen consumed. No +kind of matter can be destroyed by any power known to us; it may unite +with other matter, and take many new forms, but its weight can be +neither increased nor diminished. The amount of matter in the universe +is always the same. + +Oxygen must be heated before it will unite with coal or wood. The air is +at all times in contact with them, but they will not burn unless they +are first kindled. The chemical process itself, when once started, +generally produces heat enough to raise more oxygen to the proper +temperature, and thus the combustion is kept up. The point to which the +oxygen must be heated varies much with different substances, as is well +shown in kindling a coal fire. The heat produced by rubbing a match on a +rough surface suffices to make the oxygen unite with the phosphorus on +the end of the match; the burning of this causes heat enough for the +union of the oxygen with the sulphur, and the burning of the sulphur +enough to set the wood of the match on fire. The shavings, the kindling +wood, and the charcoal are in turn ignited, and the burning charcoal +develops heat enough to enable the oxygen to combine with the hard coal. +Each step in the operation requires more heat than the preceding step. +This seems a very simple thing now, but the anthracite beds of +Pennsylvania long remained useless because no one had found out how to +kindle the fuel, and the discovery was at last made half by accident. + +There are some forms of combustion which are very unlike ordinary +burning, and yet are essentially the same, being cases of union with +oxygen. The only difference is that the process goes on slowly instead +of rapidly. We know that vegetable and animal substances decay when +exposed to the air; and decay is a slow burning. The oxygen of the air +gradually combines with the substances, converting them into carbonic +acid and water, and leaving only a small remnant of matter as the ashes +of the lingering combustion. The _heat_ produced in this case is found +to be precisely the same as in ordinary burning, but it is set free so +gradually that it escapes our notice. + +We know that green wood decays much sooner than dry wood. Indeed, if +wood is kept perfectly dry, it will not decay for ages. In the dry +climate of Egypt wooden mummy cases have been preserved for more than +three thousand years. On the other hand, dry wood burns much quicker +than green wood; it is not easy to set the latter on fire. Why this +difference, if decay and burning are similar processes? The decay of the +green wood is due to the fact that the presence of moisture causes +certain changes in portions of the wood, which enable the oxygen to +attack it at a low temperature; and the slow combustion, once started, +is self-sustaining. But in ordinary burning the temperature must be +raised to a certain point before the oxidation can begin, and this point +can not be reached until the moisture is evaporated, which uses up a +good deal of heat. + +This process of decay is continually going on in our bodies; but during +life the matter which is burned up is being constantly renewed from the +food we eat. The body is not only decaying, as dead animal matter +decays, but it is also wearing out. With every motion a part of the +muscles is actually consumed, and must be replaced by fresh material. +The heat of the body is likewise due to combustion, and must be kept up +by proper fuel, like the fires in our stoves and furnaces. The products +of all this burning are carbonic acid and water, which pass out of the +body through the lungs. + +The rusting of metals is a slow combustion, and scientific men have +proved that, like decay, it develops heat. Iron can be easily burned in +pure oxygen, with the production of intense light and heat. Zinc and +some other metals can be burned in the air if heated very hot, and most +metals are rapidly consumed in the flame of the oxyhydrogen blow-pipe. +Indeed, every form of matter known to us can be burned, unless it has +already been burned. All substances belong to one of these two +classes--those that will burn, or unite with oxygen; and those that have +been burned, or are products of oxidation. Water belongs to the latter +class, and so do nearly all the rocks and solid matter of the earth. + +Slow burning sometimes becomes rapid, and then we have what is called +_spontaneous combustion_. When cotton or tow which has become soaked +with oil is laid aside in heaps, the oxygen of the air begins to unite +with it; but the heat developed causes the oxidation to go on faster and +faster, until in some cases the mass bursts into a flame. The same thing +sometimes takes place in moist hay, the moisture starting the process, +as explained above, and the confined heat increasing until it is +sufficient to set the heap on fire. + +[_By special arrangement with the author, the cards contributed to this +useful series, by_ W. J. ROLFE, A.M., _formerly Head-Master of the +Cambridge High School, will, for the present, first appear in_ HARPER'S +YOUNG PEOPLE.] + + + + +[Illustration: GETTING WEIGHED.] + + + + +DAVE'S GREAT LUNCH. + +BY J. B. MARSHALL. + + +It was the great day at the State Fair, and the sidewalks were nearly +deserted as Dave Burt went down Main Street toward the post-office. As +Dave approached the Town Hall, or the City Hall, as the good people of +Rawley were pleased to call that fine building, he glanced up at it, and +saw Mr. William Henry Barrington, the great lawyer, standing at one of +the large windows of his office. Mr. Barrington was frowning, and looked +up the street and down it as if impatiently waiting for some one. + +"I'll bet he's mad 'cause he can't go to the fair," thought Dave. + +A few days before, Billy Barrington, a nephew, had been telling the boys +of that fine office, with its brass-studded revolving chairs, great +bookcases of books, and a private room where the great lawyer ate his +dinner, which was sent up to him on a dumb-waiter from the restaurant in +the basement of the City Hall the moment he touched an electric bell. + +Dave was recalling all the delightful possibilities of such a room, +when click! went something on the pavement before him. + +"A penknife," said he, picking up the article, and then, looking in vain +among the branches of the tree for its owner. Examining the knife, he +noticed a slip of paper shut in under the largest blade, and on which +was written: + + "Five Dollars Reward! I am on the City Hall roof, and can't get + down, as the spring-latch door has blown closed. Please send the + janitor to release me. + + "CHARLES M. WILSON." + +"Why, he's our Governor!" said astonished Dave, aloud, and started to +look for the janitor. Dave had been on the roof with his father only the +day previous, and knew just how the door would act if it was not +fastened back. + +Stout old Billy Simms, the janitor, in his shirt sleeves, had +comfortably propped himself back in an arm-chair to take a nap, when +rap-rap-rap sounded on the door. Billy's "office," as he called it, was +on the ground-floor of the City Hall. + +"Well, boy, what's wanted?" gruffly demanded old Billy, having opened +the door and discovered Dave. + +"Why, the Governor's shut out on the roof, and can't get down," said +Dave, handing Billy the paper. "He must have been looking at the Fair +Grounds." + +Old Billy lowered his great silver-rimmed glasses from his forehead to +his nose, and read the paper. He gazed for a moment in a queer way over +his glasses at Dave, and then laying his hand pretty heavily on Dave's +shoulder, said, "Come with me." + +"I haven't time; and, besides, I don't want any reward," answered Dave. + +There was a small room, or closet, back of Billy's "office," toward +which he moved, holding fast to Dave. + +Remembering that the old janitor was rather deaf, Dave then formed his +hands in the shape of a trumpet and shouted in the direction of Billy's +right ear, "I say, Billy, I haven't time to go with you." + +"Don't you call me Billy, you young rascal!" fiercely exclaimed the old +man. "My name's Mr. William Simms." + +Before Dave could make reply he felt himself shaken, pushed into the +closet, and saw the door nearly closed. + +"There, you've played that trick once too often," said old Billy. "It's +downright murder in you boys to try and fool me into going up seven long +flights of steps on an awful hot day like this." + +"I did find that paper," said Dave, indignantly. + +"Don't tell me you're innocent; you're a desperate character," said old +Billy, slamming to the door, and turning the key. "Now," continued he, +shouting through the key-hole, "I'll leave you in there two or three +hours to think what a dreadful thing it is to try and trick an old +rheumatic veteran." + +The closet, Dave saw, was where Billy kept his brooms and brushes; the +ceiling was very high, and a small round window far up on the wall +furnished the light. At the back of the closet was a small sliding +shutter, which, after considerable trouble, Dave managed to push up, +hoping he might escape through it into another room. It disclosed a +dark, square funnel, that seemed to extend far down below and far up +above him, and suspended in which were several wire ropes. + +"It must be the funnel where the dumb-waiter slides," thought Dave, and +he caught hold of the nearest rope, pulling and shaking it to attract +attention, and calling loudly at the same time. At once he heard a +tinkle-tinkle of a small bell up the dark funnel; and then a scraping +sound from the same direction, seeming to draw nearer him. Directly the +dumb-waiter cage was seen descending, and Dave held fast to the wire +rope until the cage was within a short distance of his hand. + +When the cage ceased to move he climbed into it by aid of a chair, and +curled himself up, hoping to go down into the restaurant. There was a +wire running through the cage, and supposing it to be the same he had +been previously holding, he pulled at it with both hands. + +The cage began to move; but in place of going down, it began to move +upward. Dave was frightened; but before he could decide what he ought to +do, the cage had passed above the open shutter, and went on scraping +between four dark wooden walls. Up and up went the cage, until Dave felt +that he had traversed a distance far more than enough to have carried +him to the very tip of the lightning-rod on the City Hall cupola. + +Suddenly he saw a thin streak of light before him, and quickly releasing +the wire, the cage moved a little further, and then came to a stop. Dave +lost no time in waiting to drum on the door, partition, or whatever it +was before him, and loudly called: + +"Hello! Let me out! let me out!" + +In a moment there was the sound of quick feet, a sliding shutter was +pushed aside, and such a flood of light shone into Dave's face that +before he could get the dazzle out of his eyes some one carefully lifted +him out of the cage, and stood him on his feet. + +"What ever possessed you to take a ride in that carriage?" asked a +pleasant voice. + +Dave shaded his eyes, and saw that he was standing before Mr. Barrington +in his private office. + +"It's all that old Billy Simms's fault," said Dave, hotly, "and he ought +to be arrested. I found a paper on the pavement that said a man was +locked out on the City Hall roof, and please somebody come and open the +door for him. But when I gave it to Billy, he just locked me up in a +room, and said I was playing a trick on him, and the Governor wasn't on +the roof. Then I opened a shutter, and--" + +"The Governor fastened out on the roof!" said Mr. Barrington. "I've been +waiting an hour for him to come and eat lunch with me, but this accounts +for his absence. Sit down, my little man." Then Mr. Barrington stepped +into another room, where Dave heard him send one of his law clerks to +release the Governor. + +"I see you are Captain Burt's son David," said Mr. Barrington, +returning. "Simms has treated you very badly; but come--you must be +hungry, being shut up in that dark hole--sit down here at the table, and +eat some lunch. There will be plenty for the Governor." + +Dave excused himself, having already dined. + +"Then I know what you will eat--a Neapolitan ice." + +The door opened, and the Governor entered, looking as though he was +nearly roasted; and in a moment Mr. Barrington had explained to him how +Dave had tried to have him released. + +"I'm many times obliged to you, David," said the Governor, shaking +Dave's hand, and making him feel very proud. + +The Governor was too near broiled himself to feel like eating lunch, but +the ices appearing, he helped Mr. Barrington and Dave to eat them. + +When the ices were eaten, the Governor wished to give Dave the five +dollars, as promised, but he was very, very sure he ought not to take +it. In a few days, however, there came to Captain Burt's house a package +of books, marked "Master David Burt," and within was a note with the +compliments of the Governor. + + + + +[Begun in HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE No. 37, July 13.] + +THE STORY OF THE AMERICAN NAVY. + +BY BENSON J. LOSSING. + + +CHAPTER X. + +The navy, especially the portion composed of the gun-boat and +mortar-boat squadrons, performed most arduous and valuable services in +connection with the armies on the inland waters of the great basin of +the Mississippi. Soon after the capture of New Orleans, Farragut, with +Porter's mortar-boats, and transports with troops, ascended the +Mississippi to Vicksburg, and after that national vessels continued to +patrol the waters of the great river. + +[Illustration: SINKING OF THE "ALABAMA" BY THE "KEARSARGE."] + +At that time cruisers built in British ports for the use of the +Confederates in preying upon American commerce were active on the seas. +The most conspicuous of these was the _Alabama_, which for eighteen +months illuminated the ocean with burning American vessels which her +commander (Semmes) had plundered and set on fire. In the summer of 1864 +the _Kearsarge_ (Captain Winslow) fought her, off the coast of France, +and sent her to the bottom of the sea. Our government held the British +responsible for her outrages, and by the decision of an international +commission they were compelled to pay the Americans $15,500,000 in gold +for damages. + +National gun and mortar boats carried on a wonderful amphibious warfare +among the bayous and in the tributaries of the Mississippi in 1863. In +their exploits Commodore D. D. Porter was most conspicuous. The +blockading squadron were very vigilant--so vigilant and active that +during the war they captured or destroyed British blockade-runners +valued, with their cargoes, at nearly $30,000,000. + +In the spring of 1863 it was determined to attempt the capture of +Charleston, and Admiral Dupont was sent with a naval force to assist the +army in the work. It was a perilous undertaking, for the harbor was +guarded by heavy batteries aggregating three hundred great guns, and the +channels were strewn with torpedoes. The navy had a terrific battle. +"Such a fire, or anything like it, was never seen before," wrote an +eye-witness. The little Monitors sustained the battle bravely, while +tons of iron were hurled upon them from Fort Sumter and the shore +batteries. During the battle of forty minutes the Confederates sent 3500 +shots. The attempt to capture the city failed, and the fleet was +withdrawn. It was renewed the following summer, when General Gillmore +with troops on Morris Island, and Admiral Dahlgren with a fleet, +attacked its most powerful defenses. They jointly attacked Fort Wagner, +on Morris Island, and Fort Sumter, not far off. They drove the garrison +from the former, and reduced the latter to a heap of ruins. But they did +not take Charleston. + +Porter, with a fleet of gun-boats, went on a remarkable expedition up +the Red River, for the invasion of Texas, in company with a land force +under General Banks, in the spring of 1864. Nothing of importance was +accomplished. The greatest exploit of that expedition was the passage of +Porter's fleet down the rapids at Alexandria. While he was above, the +river had fallen. It was now dammed by Michigan troops, and from an +opened sluice the gun-boats were passed over the rapids, as logs are +borne down a shallow stream by lumbermen. + +In the summer of 1864 the government determined to close the two +Southern ports yet open to British blockade-runners, namely, Mobile, +near the Gulf of Mexico, and Wilmington, on the Cape Fear River. For +this purpose Admiral Farragut appeared off the entrance to Mobile Bay, +with a strong naval force, in August. He entered the bay on the morning +of August 5, four iron-clad vessels leading the way, and immediately +followed by the _Hartford_ (the flag-ship) and three other wooden +vessels bound together in couples. + +In order to observe every movement of his fleet, Farragut had himself +lashed to the mast in the round-top, and thence gave his orders through +a speaking-tube extending to the deck. In that position he endured the +terrible tempest of shot and shell while passing the forts guarding the +entrance to the bay, also in the subsequent fierce encounters with a +huge Confederate "ram" and gun-boats. At the beginning of the latter +encounters one of Farragut's best iron-clads (the _Tecumseh_) was sunk +in a few seconds by a torpedo exploded under her, when all but seventeen +of her one hundred and thirty men perished. Undismayed, Farragut pushed +on, won a victory, and permanently closed the port of Mobile. When the +_Tecumseh_ went to the bottom the Admiral prayed for light and guidance. +"It seemed to me," said Farragut, "that a voice commanded me to _go +on_;" and he did. + +"The port of Wilmington must now be closed," said the government, when +the news of Farragut's victory reached the capital. An immense land and +naval force gathered at Hampton Roads, the former under General Butler, +the latter under Admiral Porter. They sailed at the middle of December +to attack Fort Fisher, a strong work at the mouth of the Cape Fear, and +on the anniversary of the birth of the Prince of Peace, 1864, the fleet +bombarded that stronghold with very little effect, throwing eighteen +thousand shells upon it. A floating mine containing 430,000 pounds of +gunpowder had been exploded near the fort, but without effect. Troops +landed, but accomplished nothing, and the capture of Fort Fisher was +deferred until the middle of January, 1865, when all the defenses at the +mouth of the Cape Fear were captured by the same fleet, and a land force +under General Terry. The port of Wilmington was effectually closed, and +with this victory the most important operations of the navy in the civil +war closed. + + * * * * * + +Here ends our brief story of the navy of the United States. It is only a +brief outline; sufficient, perhaps, to indicate what remains in store +for you when you come to read its marvellous details in volume at some +time in the future. Its record in the past is glorious; it may be made +more so in the future, for its capabilities are great. It ought to be +cherished as the strong right arm of defense for our government, our +commerce, and our free institutions. + +Our government is now giving it a fostering care hitherto unknown. It +has established training-ships, in which American boys are thoroughly +instructed in all the arts of expert seamanship and the military tactics +of the sea, while particular attention is given to the training of their +minds and morals. There are bright promises that our future navy will be +controlled by highly educated officers, and its ships be manned by +refined, intelligent, and self-respecting American citizens, the peers +of those in any other stations in life. + +THE END. + + + + +SEA-BREEZES. + +LETTER No. 4 FROM BESSIE MAYNARD TO HER DOLL. + + + BAR HARBOR, _August, 1880_. + +Do you remember, dear Clytie, a poem I read in school last Forefather's +Day, beginning like this, + + "The breaking waves dashed high + On a stern and rock-bound coast"? + +Well, these two lines I kept saying over and over to myself as the +steamer drew near to Mount Desert, on our way from Portland to Bar +Harbor, and long before we got here I had changed my mind about the +crooked coast. I think I shall _not_ tell the girls that the maps are +wrong, and that Maine is not as jiggly as they make it out. Between you +and me, Clytie, my next winter's maps will be better than they ever were +before, and I shouldn't wonder if I were to take the prize, for I have +seen with my own eyes the queer ins and outs along here, and I am sure +that the more we jiggle our pencils up and down, the more "true to +nature," as the artists say, our maps will be. + +But I must tell you about our life here. There are mountains around us +as well as the ocean, and the waves don't seem sad a bit, but with their +pretty white caps on their heads, come rushing along in the sunshine, +and splash 'way up over the rocks. There are lovely roads through the +woods, and ponds where we go rowing and fishing. A little way from our +hotel is an Indian encampment, where _real_ Indians and squaws make and +sell baskets. I have bought a little beauty, made of sweet-grass, to +carry home to you. Yesterday we all went out to Green Mountain on a +picnic. "All" means papa and mamma, Cousin Frank and me, with about a +dozen of our friends. We had a neligent time, and after dinner, while +the others were sitting on the grass telling stories, I wandered off by +myself. + +Mamma thought I had gone with Cousin Frank, while all the time I was +only a few steps from her, searching for blackberries. I could not find +any, and at last sat down under a tree to rest, for it was very hot in +the sun, and I had walked farther than I knew. I heard voices a little +way off, and thought they came from our party; but all at once some one +walked round the very tree I was leaning against, and, handing me the +prettiest little birch-bark canoe, about six inches long, filled with +blackberries, said, "Wouldn't you like some berries?" + +I clapped my hands and cried out: "Oh, how cunning! Isn't it lovely? +Where--" But not another word did I say, for, on looking up, who should +I see standing before me but my emerny from Old Orchard, Randolph +Peyton! Yes, there he was; no mistake; and after all that had happened, +he _dared_ to offer me blackberries! I tossed back my head, and said, +proudly, "I _scorn_ your gift: we are emernies." + +[Illustration] + +He made no answer, but walked sadly away. Here is a picture of us. Of +course I can not make him look quite as ashamed as he did, nor me quite +as scornful. + +When he was out of sight I sat down again, and when my surprise and +anger had passed off I almost wished he had left the berries, for I was +tired and warm and thirsty. But no, he had taken the little canoe with +him, and had not dropped a single one. + +I was so tired that all at once, before I thought of such a thing, I was +sound asleep. When I woke up the sun had set, and it was almost dark. I +was alone on Green Mountain, with no idea which way to turn to get home. +There wasn't a sound to be heard except the chirping of the crickets, +and the queer noises we always hear at night, and never know where they +come from. I tried to be brave, but the tears _would_ come. I called as +loud as I could to papa, and everywhere the cruel echoes called back, +"Pa--pa--pa"--but there was no other answer. + +At last, after wandering about for what seemed to me _hours_, I sank +down, perfectly tired out. + +All at once I heard a crackling in the bushes not far away, and started +up, expecting to see the fierce eyes of a catamount glaring at me, but +instead of that I saw a straw hat waving, and heard some one shouting, +"Here she is! I've found her! she's all right!" and then happy voices +called my name, and in less time than I can write it I was in papa's +arms. + +As soon as mamma had gone back to the hotel and found that I was _not_ +with Cousin Frank, papa had started with several of his friends in +search of me. But, Clytie dear, the one who waved his hat and shouted, +"Here she is!"--the one who _really found_ me--was Randolph Peyton! + +The little canoe is packed away among my treasures, and I shall never +look at it without thinking of the day on Green Mountain when my life +was saved by my bitterest emerny, who has become my friend forever! + +Don't you think I have had adventures enough for one summer? _I_ do, and +we shall be home very soon, dear Clytie. + + Your loving mamma, + BESSIE MAYNARD. + + + + +THE ASHES THAT MADE THE TREES BLOOM. + +A Japanese Fairy Tale. + +BY WILLIAM ELLIOT GRIFFIS. + + +In the good old days of the Daimios there lived an old couple whose only +pet was a little dog. Having no children, they loved it as though it +were the tiny top-knot of a baby. The old dame made him a cushion of +blue crape, and at meal-times Inuko--for that was his name--would sit on +it as demure as any cat. The kind people would feed him with tidbits of +fish from their own chopsticks, and he was allowed to have all the +boiled rice he wanted. Whenever the old woman took him out with her on +holidays she put a bright red silk crape ribbon around his neck. + +Now the old man, being a rice-farmer, went daily with hoe or spade into +the fields, working hard from the first croak of the raven until O Tento +Sama (as the sun is called) had gone down behind the hills. Every day +the dog followed him to work, and kept near by, never once harming the +white heron that walked in the footsteps of the old man to pick up +worms. + +One day doggy came running to him, putting his paws against his straw +leggings, and motioning with his head to some spot behind. The old man +at first thought his pet was only playing, and did not mind him. But he +kept on whining and running to and fro for some minutes. Then the old +man followed the dog a few yards, to a place where the animal began a +lively scratching. Thinking it only a buried bone or bit of fish, but +wishing to humor his pet, the old man struck his iron-shod hoe in the +earth, when lo! a pile of gold gleamed before him. He rubbed his old +eyes, stooped down, and there was at least a half-peck of kobans (oval +gold coins). He gathered them up and hied home at once. + +Thus in an hour the old couple were made rich. The good souls bought a +piece of land, made a feast to their friends, and gave plentifully to +their poor neighbors. As for Inuko, they petted him till they nearly +smothered him with kindness. + +Now in the same village there lived a wicked old man and his wife, who +had always kicked and scolded all dogs whenever any passed their house. +Hearing of their neighbors' good luck, they coaxed the dog into their +garden, and set before him bits of fish and other dainties, hoping he +would find treasure for them. But the dog, being afraid of the cruel +pair, would neither eat nor move. Then they dragged him out-of-doors, +taking a spade and hoe with them. No sooner had Inuko got near a +pine-tree in the garden than he began to paw and scratch the ground as +though a mighty treasure lay beneath. + +"Quick, wife, hand me the spade and hoe!" cried the greedy old fool, as +he danced for joy. + +[Illustration] + +Then the covetous old fellow with a spade, and the old crone with a hoe, +began to dig; but there was nothing but a dead kitten, the smell of +which made them drop their tools and shut their noses. Furious at the +dog, the old man kicked and beat him to death, and the old woman +finished the work by nearly chopping off his head with the sharp hoe. + +That night the spirit of the dog appeared to his former master in a +dream and said, "Cut down the pine-tree which is over my grave, and make +from it a mill to grind bean sauce in." + +[Illustration] + +So the old man made the little mill, and filling it with bean sauce, +began to grind, while the envious neighbor peeped in at the window. +"Goody me!" cried the old woman, as each dripping of sauce turned into +yellow gold, until in a few minutes the tub under the mill was full of a +shining mass of kobans. + +So the old couple were rich again. + +The next day the stingy and wicked neighbors, after boiling a mess of +beans, came and borrowed the magic mill. They filled it with the boiled +beans, and the old man began to grind. + +But, at the first turn, the sauce turned into a foul heap of dirt. Angry +at this, they chopped the mill in pieces to use as fire-wood. + +Not long after that the old man dreamed again, and the spirit of the dog +spoke to him, telling him how the wicked people had burned the mill made +from the pine-tree. + +"Take the ashes of the mill, sprinkle them on withered trees, and they +will bloom again," said the dog-spirit. + +The old man awoke and went at once to his wicked neighbors' house, where +he humbly begged the ashes, and though the covetous couple turned up +their noses at him and scolded him as if he were a thief, they let him +fill his basket with the ashes. + +On coming home the old man took his wife into the garden. It being +winter, their favorite cherry-tree was bare. He sprinkled a pinch of +ashes on it, and lo! it sprouted blossoms until it became a cloud of +pink blooms, which filled the air with perfume. + +The kind old man, hearing that his lord the Daimio was to pass along the +high-road near the village, set out to see him, taking his basket of +ashes. As the train approached he climbed up into an old withered +cherry-tree that stood by the way-side. + +Now in the days of the Daimios it was the custom, when their lord +passed by, for all the loyal people to shut up their second-story +windows, even pasting them shut with slips of paper, so as not to commit +the impoliteness of looking down on his lordship. All the people along +the road would fall down on their hands and knees until the procession +passed by. Hence it seemed very impolite for the old man to climb the +tree, and be higher than his master's head. + +The train drew near, and the air was full of gay banners, covered +spears, state umbrellas, and princes' crests. One tall man marched +ahead, crying out to the people by the way, "Get down on your knees! get +down on your knees!" And every one knelt down while the procession was +passing. Suddenly the leader of the van caught sight of the old man up +in the tree. He was about to call out to him in an angry tone, but +seeing he was such an old fellow he pretended not to notice him, and +passed him by. + +So when the prince's palanquin drew near, the old man, taking a pinch of +ashes from his basket, scattered it over the tree. In a moment it burst +into blossom. The delighted Daimio ordered the train to be stopped, and +got out to see the wonder. Calling the old man to him, he thanked him, +and ordered presents of silk robes, sponge-cake, fans, a _netsuke_ +(ivory carving), and other rewards to be given him. He even invited him +to pay a visit to his castle. So the old daddy went gleefully home to +share his joy with his dear wife. + +But when the greedy neighbor heard of it he took some of the magic +ashes, and went out on the highway. There he waited till a Daimio's +train came along, and instead of kneeling down like the crowd, he +climbed a withered cherry-tree. + +When the Daimio himself was almost directly under him, he threw a +handful of ashes over the tree, which did not change a particle. The +wind blew the fine dust in the noses and eyes of the Daimio and his +nobles. + +Such a sneezing and choking! + +It spoiled all the pomp and dignity of the procession. The man who +cried, "Get down on your knees," seized the old fool by the top-knot, +dragged him from the tree, and tumbled him and his ash-basket into the +ditch by the road. Then beating him soundly, he left him dead. + +Thus the wicked old man died in the mud, but the kind friend of the dog +dwelt in peace and plenty, and both he and his wife lived to a green old +age. + + + + +[Illustration: A BABE IN THE WOOD.--DRAWN BY F. S. CHURCH.] + + + + +[Illustration: OUR POST-OFFICE BOX.] + + + WAKEFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS. + + An article in your paper of April 27, 1880, entitled "A Cheap + Canoe," has given a decided stimulus to the boys of this town in + the matter of canoe building. There are now six on our lake, built + almost entirely by the boys who own them, on the model there + given. + + I send you a short article from our local paper, written by my + son, a lad of fifteen, giving his experience on his first canoe + trip down Ipswich River. He proposes a much longer one next summer + vacation. + + Many thanks are due to you for giving the boys something useful to + do, which teaches them how to do their own work. + + S. W. A. + + * * * * * + + ST. JOHNS, MICHIGAN. + + Undertaking myself the education of my young son, I am deeply + indebted to you for much useful information. I find YOUNG PEOPLE a + _multum in parvo_, serving as an entertaining reader, besides + giving manly hints in all branches of knowledge--geography, + natural history, science, drawing, and music. Even the puzzles + draw out the youthful mind, which learns from them unconsciously + the analysis and definition of words. It is like the medicine + which "children cry for." + + Especially let me thank you for your historical sketches, and also + for the healthy moral tone pervading every part of the paper, + teaching the children to be gentle and kind, as well as manly and + brave. + + For myself, I am only less interested than the little ones for + whose especial benefit it is intended. As a "little mother," my + sympathies are all with your success. + + E. S. C. + + * * * * * + + FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, GERMANY. + + Perhaps you would like to hear from one of your little American + friends over the sea. + + We live in Frankfort-on-the-Main. It is a beautiful city, full of + public monuments and handsome buildings. + + Last month when I was in Freiburg, in Baden, I had the pleasure of + seeing the Grand Duke and Duchess of Baden. They were spending a + few days in Freiburg to visit their son, the Heir Prince, who + lives there. During their stay the feast of _Frohnleichnamstag_, + or Corpus Christi Day, took place, and a large procession was to + pass through the streets and before their palace. The Grand + Duchess came to an open window, and was joined by her daughter, + the Princess Victoria, who is eighteen. Then the Grand Duke soon + came and stood behind them, and when the Heir Prince peeped over + his father's shoulder, the picture of the ducal family was + complete. + + The Grand Duchess also visited our school in Freiburg, and asked + me several questions. She is very beautiful. She is about forty + years old, but her skin is as fine and smooth as wax. She looks to + be as good as she is beautiful. The Grand Duke is not less + handsome. + + I and my sisters and brother all enjoy YOUNG PEOPLE so much, and + welcome it every week. + + We have lived in Paris several years, and I have often seen going + through the streets the bath-tubs and boilers full of hot and cold + water that Paul S. speaks of in the Post-office Box of YOUNG + PEOPLE No. 39. + + I will write another time about the curious houses in old + Frankfort. + + ETHEL D. W. + + * * * * * + + PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. + + We have not been so fortunate with our pets as other young people. + We had three rabbits and two guinea-pigs. The other morning, when + we went to feed them, the top of the hutch was broken, and nothing + was to be seen of the animals. We are pretty sure some dogs got + them in the night, from the way things looked. We are very sorry + to lose our pets. + + ISABEL AND HELEN C. + + * * * * * + + PASSAIC, NEW JERSEY. + + I am ten years old, and I have one little brother. Papa is a + doctor, and Johnnie and I take long rides with him, and drive for + him. We have two horses, named Roxy and Bill. We have gold-fish + and turtles and frogs in the fountain in front of our door. + + We like YOUNG PEOPLE very much, and jump for joy when it comes. + + A. W. and J. R. + + * * * * * + + ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA. + + I have been taking YOUNG PEOPLE for eight weeks, and find it very + interesting. + + I have a little dog so small that mother can almost hold him in + the palm of her hand. I call him Dash. Whenever I go out in the + yard he runs after me, and tries to bite me. I have a little + brother who is always begging for peaches. + + WILLIE H. F. B. + + * * * * * + + HAMILTON, ONTARIO. + + A few weeks ago, as I was passing a bookstore, I saw HARPER'S + YOUNG PEOPLE, and I went in and bought a copy. I am going to get + all the back numbers. I think "The Moral Pirates" was a splendid + story. + + My brother has a row-boat, and I often go fishing and rowing in + Burlington Bay. One day papa and I went fishing, and we caught + four fish. Mamma laughed ever so much when we brought them home. + + ANDERSON GIBSON S. + + * * * * * + + WEST HOBOKEN, NEW JERSEY. + + I am very glad that I have commenced to take YOUNG PEOPLE, and + sorry I did not begin sooner. All my friends take it, and like it + very much, as it is both amusing and interesting. "Across the + Ocean" and "The Moral Pirates" were splendid stories. I wait + impatiently for Tuesday to come, so that I can read the stories + and the Post-office Box, which I like very much. + + LOUIS H. + + * * * * * + + NEW YORK CITY. + + Here is a recipe for ink powder for the chemists' club: Four + ounces of powdered galls; one ounce of sulphate of iron; one ounce + of powdered gum-arabic; half an ounce of powdered white sugar. + This, mixed with water, will make a quart of ink. A few powdered + cloves stirred in will keep the ink from moulding. + + MAUD C. + + * * * * * + + PONTIAC, ILLINOIS. + + I am twelve years old. I like YOUNG PEOPLE very much. My mamma has + three mocking-birds she raised herself. She feeds them on cooked + egg and bread, cooked potato and raw egg mixed, fruit of all + kinds, and Hungarian seed. She gives them a feast of spiders + occasionally, and always keeps plenty of clean sand in the cage. + + I have two playful pet kittens, named Milly and Lillie, and a + little dog named Dickie. He will shake hands with me, and when I + make up a face at him he will frown terribly. + + NETTIE D. + + * * * * * + + FAIRVIEW, LONG ISLAND. + + I am eleven years old, and I live in the country. I have a nice + little pony, which I ride almost every day for two or three miles. + I enjoy it very much. + + We have a little bantam rooster that takes care of six little + chickens which their mother deserted; and I have three dogs, five + cats, and a bicycle. + + WILLIE O. + + * * * * * + + EAST WARSAW, INDIANA. + + I have a little bantam hen that mothers twenty little chickens, + although she only hatched four of them herself. I call her Minnie. + + I have no sister, and only one brother. He is seven years old. He + has a pet 'coon. I caught a little bird to-day in the meadow where + my papa was working. This is a very pretty place. We live near the + new cemetery. + + MAGGIE D. M. B. + + * * * * * + + BEAR VALLEY, MINNESOTA. + + We live in the country. The farmers around here are harvesting + their grain now. We have some very warm days. We like "The Moral + Pirates" the best of all the stories, and "Across the Ocean" the + next best. The little picture called "I's Learning to Swim, + Mamma," is just as cunning as it can be. + + Our little brother Artie says, every time it is mail-day, "Mamma, + does HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE come to-day?" We like the Post-office + Box best of all. + + NETTIE AND MARY MCK. + + * * * * * + + SEGUIN, TEXAS. + + I am twelve years old. I have a pet shepherd dog and a little + white calf. Papa takes YOUNG PEOPLE for me and my sisters, and we + like the stories very much, especially "Across the Ocean," and + "The Moral Pirates." This is a beautiful, healthy State to live + in. + + WILLIE H. J. + + I have some old and foreign postage stamps that I would like to + exchange for some pretty sea-shells and a few specimens of + sea-weed. I also have two Japanese newspapers, a Japanese bill, + and writing paper that I would like to exchange for some relic. + + JOHN BROOKE, + Greencastle, Putnam County, Indiana. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange birds' eggs with the correspondents of + YOUNG PEOPLE. I give a list of birds found in the Canadian woods: + Baltimore oriole, barn swallow, wild canary, sand-martin, + cherry-bird, ground-bird, ring-dove, shore-lark, red-headed + woodpecker, orchard oriole, brown canary, dipper, phoebe, + kingbird, guinea-fowl, and sparrows. + + C. H. GURNETT, + Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada. + + * * * * * + + I have some morning-glories growing near a wild cucumber vine, and + the leaf is just like the cucumber leaf. I am waiting to see what + the flower will be like. I hope it will blossom before frost + comes. + + I have a good many French postage stamps which I would like to + exchange for others. + + HATTIE R., + Bismarck, Dakota Territory. + +This address does not appear sufficient to render an exchange +successful. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange birds' eggs with any correspondents of + YOUNG PEOPLE. I give the names of some of the birds found here: + linnet, tree blackbird, red-winged blackbird, thrush, ash-throated + fly-catcher, California canary, ground-sparrow, chipping sparrow, + yellow-hammer, California quail, meadow-lark, common swallow, bank + swallow, martin, yellow Summer-bird, night-bird, golden-crested + wren. + + S. C. DE LAMATER, + Santa Cruz, California. + + * * * * * + + My father takes YOUNG PEOPLE for my brother and sister and myself. + We think there could not be a more interesting paper published. + "The Moral Pirates" is about the best story I ever read. I wonder + if it is true? + + I am having a great deal of fun this vacation. I read two hours + every day. I am now reading the _Life of Benjamin Franklin_. I + enjoy it very much. + + I am making a collection of stones, and will exchange stones from + the shore of Lake Erie for specimens from other places of note. + + WILBUR T. MILLS, + Cleveland, Ohio. + +As Cleveland is a very large city, we doubt if this address is +sufficient, and we will gladly print a fuller one if our young +correspondent will send it. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange seeds of the sensitive plant for seeds or + roots of rare plants growing in the far West or in the most + eastern States. + + FRED H. LOWE, + Salem, Dent County, Missouri. + + * * * * * + + I am a constant reader of your splendid paper. I enjoy "The Moral + Pirates" very much. + + I brought two mud-turtles from the country this summer. One is so + tame it will eat from my hand. I feed them on worms, meat, and + flies. + + I have a small collection of postmarks, and I should like to + exchange with any boy reader of YOUNG PEOPLE in the West. + + A. J. DOHRMAN, + 557 Henry Street, Brooklyn, New York. + + * * * * * + + I wish the correspondent who sent me a piece of colored marble + from Tennessee would kindly write again, as I can not make out the + name. + + I shall be glad to exchange shells or minerals with any readers of + YOUNG PEOPLE. + + LAURA BINGHAM, + Lansing, Michigan. + + * * * * * + + I have a collection of birds' eggs, and a collection of stuffed + birds which I stuffed myself. + + I would like to exchange eggs with any readers of YOUNG PEOPLE. + + HARRY B. GREENE, + 8 Myrtle Street, Boston, Massachusetts. + + * * * * * + + I am collecting postmarks and stamps, and I shall have enough + before long to exchange with the readers of YOUNG PEOPLE. I would + like to exchange a French stamp for a Danish one now. + + JOSEPH COMBS, + Care of W. S. Combs, Freehold, New Jersey. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange postage stamps with any correspondent of + YOUNG PEOPLE. I am nine years old. + + ANNA STUART, + Rye, Westchester County, New York. + + * * * * * + + I am making a collection of postmarks, and would like to exchange. + + I have an aquarium with gold-fish, minnows, tadpoles, eels, frogs, + and turtles, and would like to know how to feed them. + + JOHN FISHER, + 3 Potts Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. + +Very full directions for the feeding of these creatures have been given +in different numbers of YOUNG PEOPLE. + + * * * * * + + I should like to exchange foreign postage stamps with any boy. + + BENJAMIN H. WHITTAKER, + 120-1/2 Eleventh Street, Brooklyn, New York. + + * * * * * + + I am collecting postage stamps, and would be glad to exchange with + any of the readers of YOUNG PEOPLE. I have also some postmarks. + + THOMAS HOGAN, + P. O. Box 243, Boston, Massachusetts. + + * * * * * + + I and my cousin George are collecting stamps. We have a lot of War + Department stamps which we would like to exchange in sets, or + singly, for those of any other department. We have one, two, + three, six, twelve, and fifteen cent stamps. + + WILLIAM WINSLOW, + 74 De Soto Street, St. Paul, Minnesota. + + * * * * * + + I am beginning a collection of shells, minerals, birds' eggs and + nests, and I would like to exchange with any correspondent of + YOUNG PEOPLE. As I have just begun to collect, I have not very + many things yet. + + MARIGO S. GUNARI, + Care of P. Gunari, New Rochelle, New York. + + * * * * * + + I would like to exchange Indian arrow-heads, and specimens of lead + and spar, for shells, ocean curiosities, and pressed flowers. + + EMMA LEE, + Elizabethtown, Hardin County, Illinois. + + * * * * * + +EARNEST READER.--The small round holes in the clam shells are probably +the work of the oyster drill, a tiny sea creature which does much +mischief to all kinds of shell-fish. + + * * * * * + +ALFRED B. C.--Directions for making a paper balloon were given in Our +Post-office Box No. 43. + + * * * * * + +B. H. W.--The numbers of YOUNG PEOPLE you require will be forwarded to +you, postage paid, by the publishers, on the receipt of one dollar and +eight cents. + + * * * * * + +FORD M. G.--The genuine Bologna sausage is manufactured in the city of +Bologna, in Northern Italy. Many imitations of the imported article are +sold in the United States under the same name. + + * * * * * + +DAISY VIOLET.--The first volume of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will close with +No. 52, which will be published on October 26, 1880. + + * * * * * + +MAUD C.--There is no better way to preserve autumn leaves than to press +them between the leaves of a book, or sheets of paper, and varnish them +when they are thoroughly dry. In the Post-office Box of YOUNG PEOPLE No. +38 there is a letter describing a neat and simple method of varnishing +leaves. + + * * * * * + +PUZZLES FROM YOUNG CONTRIBUTORS. + +No. 1. + +LATIN WORD SQUARE. + +First, negative individuality. Second, the imperfect form of a verb. +Third, the ablative form of a noun signifying a portion of the body. +Fourth, a bird. + + EDDIE. + + * * * * * + +No. 2. + +ENIGMA. + + My first is in yacht, but not in ship. + My second is in beat, but not in whip. + My third is in bun, but not in bread. + My fourth is in needle, but not in thread. + My fifth is in ink, but not in pen. + My sixth is in boys, but not in men. + My seventh is in table, but not in bench. + My eighth is in chisel, but not in wrench. + If ever my whole you chance to meet, + You would better make a speedy retreat. + + JAMES. + + * * * * * + +No. 3. + +DIAMONDS. + +1. In Labrador. Something all girls should learn to do. To revolt. A +textile fabric. In Labrador. + +2. In Palermo. Novel. A hard substance. A passage. In Palermo. + + SUSIE. + + * * * * * + +No. 4. + +DOUBLE ACROSTIC. + +A gentle animal. One of the United States. A Scottish lake. A mark made +by a blow. A Norman name. A recluse. Answer--A city in Europe and a city +in the United States. + + MILDRED. + + * * * * * + +[The following puzzle is for the benefit of our young readers who are +studying French.] + +No. 5. + +FRENCH NUMERICAL CHARADE. + + I am a French proverb composed of 28 letters. + My 18, 5, 27, 15, 10, 3, 24, 13 signifies endurance. + My 12, 25, 23 is a ruler. + My 21, 7, 19, 17, 27 is a measure. + My 14, 28, 9, 16, 8 is a fight. + My 11, 26, 1, 27, 20 is a pit. + My 6, 22, 13, 2 is an adjective. + My 9, 4, 24, 8, 16 is an educational institution. + + UNCLE TOM. + + * * * * * + +ANSWERS TO PUZZLES IN NO. 43. + +No. 1. + +Cleopatra's Needle. + +No. 2. + +Josephus. + +No. 3. + + B O M B + O L I O + M I E N + B O N D + +No. 4. + + S no W + T erro R + O liv E + R epubli C + M on K + S hip S + +Storms, Wrecks. + +No. 5. + +Chaucer. + + * * * * * + +Favors are acknowledged from Ethel Frost, S. T. H., Grace A. C., Mary L. +Jones, C. T. Hamilton, Burton Wilson, Elvira Holder, St. Clair Thornton, +Lynn D., E. L. D., Elmer Wheeler, Daniel D. L., Stella M. B., May, +Hattie M., George Berkstresser, Etta D. + + * * * * * + +Correct answers to puzzles are received from Ada B. Voute, Nellie Binney +and Harry Phillips, Annie D. Jones, Fannie E. Cruger, E. Eden, K. T. W., +Gracie Kelley, G. Volckhausen, Frank T. Merry, Eddie A. Leet. + + * * * * * + +The following poetic answer to "A Riddle in Rhyme" in YOUNG PEOPLE No. +39, page 568, has been received from a correspondent in Auburn, New +York: + + From Anno Domini--for short A.D.-- + Begins the count of the Christian year. + That Adam was fatherless all agree; + That he was a father is very clear. + That a dam is a mother who'll dispute? + Or that a son's his father's fruit? + And puzzle over it, little or much, + A dam gave Holland to the Dutch. + + * * * * * + +THE MUSICAL ANECDOTE. + +The Musical Anecdote given in YOUNG PEOPLE No. 44 can be translated by +substituting for the musical signs the following words in the order +given: + + _Staff._ + _Quick, staccato._ + _Turn._ + _Sharp._ + _Run._ + _Scale._ + _Bar._ + _Flat._ + _Chord._ + _Dashed._ + _Rest._ + _Time._ + _Quarter._ + _Sixteenth._ + _Full stop._ + _Very loud._ + _Bind._ + _Measures._ + _Quaver._ + _Brace._ + _Slur._ + _Natural._ + _Rest._ + _Signature._ + + + + +ADVERTISEMENTS. + + + + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE. + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates--_payable in advance, postage free_: + + SINGLE COPIES $0.04 + ONE SUBSCRIPTION, _one year_ 1.50 + FIVE SUBSCRIPTIONS, _one year_ 7.00 + +Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order. + +Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss. + +ADVERTISING. + +The extent and character of the circulation of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line. + + Address + HARPER & BROTHERS, + Franklin Square, N. Y. + + + + +The Child's Book of Nature. + + * * * * * + +The Child's Book of Nature, for the Use of Families and Schools: +intended to aid Mothers and Teachers in Training Children in the +Observation of Nature. In Three Parts. Part I. Plants. Part II. Animals. +Part III. Air, Water, Heat, Light, &c. By WORTHINGTON HOOKER, M.D. +Illustrated. The Three Parts complete in One Volume. Small 4to, Half +Leather, $1.12; or, separately, in Cloth, Part I., 45 cents; Part II., +48 cents; Part III., 48 cents. + + * * * * * + +A beautiful and useful work. It presents a general survey of the kingdom +of nature in a manner adapted to attract the attention of the child, and +at the same time to furnish him with accurate and important scientific +information. While the work is well suited as a class-book for schools, +its fresh and simple style cannot fail to render it a great favorite for +family reading. + +The Three Parts of this book can be had in separate volumes by those who +desire it. This will be advisable when the book is to be used in +teaching quite young children, especially in schools. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +[Illustration] + +COLUMBIA BICYCLE. + +Bicycle riding is the best as well as the healthiest of out-door sports; +is easily learned and never forgotten. Send 3c. stamp for 24-page +Illustrated Catalogue, containing Price-Lists and full information. + +THE POPE MFG. CO., + +79 Summer St., Boston, Mass. + + + + +CHILDREN'S + +PICTURE-BOOKS. + + Square 4to, about 300 pages each, beautifully printed on Tinted + Paper, embellished with many Illustrations, bound in Cloth, $1.50 + per volume. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Sagacity of Animals. + + With Sixty Illustrations by HARRISON WEIR. + +The Children's Bible Picture-Book. + + With Eighty Illustrations, from Designs by STEINLE, OVERBECK, + VEIT, SCHNORR, &c. + +The Children's Picture Fable-Book. + + Containing One Hundred and Sixty Fables. With Sixty Illustrations + by HARRISON WEIR. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Birds. + + With Sixty-one Illustrations by W. HARVEY. + +The Children's Picture-Book of Quadrupeds and other Mammalia. + + With Sixty-one Illustrations by W. HARVEY. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +OUR CHILDREN'S SONGS. + + * * * * * + +Our Children's Songs. Illustrated. 8vo, Ornamental Cover, $1.00. + + * * * * * + +This is a large collection of songs for the nursery, for childhood, for +boys and for girls, and sacred songs for all. The range of subjects is a +wide one, and the book is handsomely illustrated.--_Philadelphia +Ledger._ + +Songs for the nursery, songs for childhood, for girlhood, boyhood, +and sacred songs--the whole melody of childhood and youth bound in +one cover. Full of lovely pictures; sweet mother and baby faces; +charming bits of scenery, and the dear old Bible story-telling +pictures.--_Churchman_, N. Y. + +The best compilation of songs for the Children that we have ever +seen.--_New Bedford Mercury._ + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +HARPER & BROTHERS _will send the above work by mail, postage prepaid, to +any part of the United States, on receipt of the price_. + + + + +Harper's New and Enlarged Catalogue, + +With a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX, and a VISITORS' GUIDE TO THEIR +ESTABLISHMENT, + +Sent by mail on receipt of Nine Cents. + +HARPER & BROTHERS, FRANKLIN SQUARE, N. Y. + + + + +[Illustration] + +Of these two objects the first is not a hand, and the second is not a +windmill. What are they? + + + + +[Illustration] + +ANOTHER SQUARE PUZZLE. + + +The puzzle is to draw two squares in the positions shown by the diagram, +without lifting the pencil from the paper, or crossing one line with +another. + +Let our little readers exercise their ingenuity over this apparently +simple problem. + + + + +HOW TO MAKE A CUCUIUS. + +BY FRANK BELLEW. + + +You would like to be able to mate a cucuius, would you not? We will tell +you. But perhaps you would like to know what, in the name of Memnon, a +cucuius is? Well, we will tell you that too. + +A cucuius, or cucuij, is a kind of beetle, about three inches long, +which emits a very brilliant light from two large protuberances in its +head, which look like its eyes. It is called the lantern-fly in English, +and lives in South America. The light it gives is so bright that you can +read a book by it. The natives employ them in place of candles to +illuminate their rooms while performing their domestic work. We have +seen one exhibited in a room where eight gas-burners were in full blaze, +and yet its two great demoniac-looking eyes (or what appeared to be +eyes) shone more brightly than the most brilliant of precious +stones--with an intensity, it will be no exaggeration to say, equal to +the electric light. The effect was perfectly startling, and rather +appalling. + +To give light, however, is not the only good quality this wonderful +insect possesses: it is a deadly enemy to gnats, by which the natives of +the Spanish West Indies are greatly annoyed. When they wish to rid +themselves of these pests they procure two or three of the cucuiuii, and +let them loose in the room, when they soon make short work of the enemy. +The method of catching the cucuius adopted by the natives is to repair +to some open piece of land with a flaming fire-brand, which they wave +vigorously backward and forward, calling out all the time, "Cucuie, +cucuie, cucuie." This attracts the insects to them, when they are easily +captured with a small net. What a blessing these cucuiuii would be to us +be-bitten inhabitants of the United States if Mr. Cucuius would only +treat our mosquitoes with the vigor that he does the gnats of the +tropics! + +In South America they are used as ornaments for the hair and dresses of +the ladies; and on certain festivals young people gallop through the +streets on horseback, brilliantly illuminated, horse and rider, with +these insects, secured in little nets, or cages made of fine twigs woven +together. The effect is marvellous, producing in the dark evening the +appearance of a large moving body of light. "Many wanton, wild +fellowes," as an old writer describes them, rub their faces with the +flesh of a killed cucuius, as boys with us sometimes do with phosphorus, +to frighten or amuse their friends. + +[Illustration: The Cucuius, or Lantern-Fly.] + +And now we will tell you how to make a very fair--by no means so +brilliant--imitation of the cucuius. By looking at our picture you will +see the shape of the insect. Cut this out of a piece of cork about three +inches long, and make the legs of thin wire (after the manner of the +spider we described in a previous number); then get some strips of thin +tin-foil, and gum them on the back of the cucuius; then paint over the +whole with transparent green color (oil paints if possible). Now gouge +out two holes about the size of the head of a common match, and then cut +off the heads of two common matches, and insert them into the aforesaid +holes, and your cucuius will be complete. To make the eyes shine, rub +them with oil or water. If your insect is painted with oil-colors, you +can place it in a vessel of water, for it is in that element that the +real cucuius shines most brightly. + +You can make a still more brilliant imitation of the cucuius by filling +the eye-holes with grains of pure phosphorus, easily procured at a +druggist's, or with a paste made of tallow and phosphorus, which is less +combustible than the pure article. But as both these things are very +dangerous to handle, we would not recommend their use except with the +consent and in the presence of a grown person. Another point with regard +to the handling of phosphorus, which applies also to matches, is that it +is apt to destroy the teeth, particularly where any decay has already +taken place. For this reason only persons with sound teeth are employed +in match factories. Therefore never put the end of a match in your +mouth. + + + + +[Illustration: A PLEASANT DAY IN THE COUNTRY.] + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Harper's Young People, September 14, +1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, SEP 14, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 29136.txt or 29136.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/9/1/3/29136/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/29136.zip b/29136.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..a55ca89 --- /dev/null +++ b/29136.zip diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..388fc78 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #29136 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/29136) |
