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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/28344-8.txt b/28344-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..92d6817 --- /dev/null +++ b/28344-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2564 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, February 3, 1880, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, February 3, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: March 16, 2009 [EBook #28344] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, FEB 3, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: HARPER'S + +YOUNG PEOPLE + +AN ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY.] + + * * * * * + +VOL. I.--NO. 14. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR +CENTS. + +Tuesday, February 3, 1880. Copyright, 1880, by HARPER & BROTHERS. $1.50 +per Year, in Advance. + + * * * * * + + + + +[Illustration: FEEDING THE SPARROWS.] + +THE HOUSE-SPARROW. + + +The English house-sparrow, a pert, daring little bird, which is seen in +crowds in almost all cities of the Northern United States, was first +brought to this country about twenty years ago. It is said the first +specimens were liberated in Portland, Maine, where they immediately made +themselves at home, and began nest-building and worm-catching as eagerly +as when in their native air. Others were soon brought to New York city, +and set free in the parks. At that time New York, Brooklyn, and other +cities were suffering from a terrible visitor, the loathsome +measuring-worm, which made its appearance just as the trees had become +lovely with fresh spring green. It infested the streets in armies, hung +in horrible webs and festoons from the branches of the shade trees, and +ruined the beauty and comfort of the city during the pleasantest season +of the whole year. About the first of July, when the worm finished its +work, the trees appeared stripped and bare, as if scathed by fire, and a +second budding resulted only in scanty foliage late in the season. A +month after the worm disappeared, its moth--a small white creature, +pretty enough except for its connections--fluttered by thousands +through the city, depositing its eggs for the worm of another year. +Desperate measures seemed necessary to stop this nuisance, and the +question of cutting down all the trees was seriously considered. But +relief was at hand. A gentleman, an Englishman, proposed an importation +of sparrows, and soon hundreds of these brown-coated little fellows were +set loose in different cities. They at once became public pets. Little +houses were nailed up on trees and balconies for them to nest in, +sidewalks and window-sills were covered with crumbs for their breakfast, +and boys were forbidden to stone them or molest them in any way. + +Now although the sparrow is very willing to feed on bread-crumbs and +seeds, and save itself the trouble of hunting for its dinner, by a wise +provision of nature the little ones, until they are fully fledged, can +eat only worms and small flies and bugs. As the sparrows have three or +four broods during the warm weather, they always have little ones to +feed at the very season when worms and other insects destructive to +vegetation are the most plentiful. An English naturalist states that in +watching a pair of sparrows feeding their little ones, he saw them bring +food to the nest from thirty to forty times every day, and each time +from two to six caterpillars or worms were brought. It is easy to see +from this estimate how quickly the tree worms would disappear, as proved +to be the case in the cities where the sparrows were set free. + +A very few years after they were introduced not a worm was to be seen. +The trees now grow undisturbed in their leafy beauty all through the +summer, and many children will scarcely remember the time when their +mothers went about the streets where shade trees grew carrying open +umbrellas in sunny days and starry evenings to protect themselves from +the constantly dropping worms. + +It is no wonder that every one is gratefully affectionate to the +sparrow. They are very social little birds, and are entirely happy amid +the noise and dirt and confusion of the crowded street. They are bold +and saucy too, and will stand in the pathway pecking at some stray crust +of bread until nearly run over, when they hop away, scolding furiously +at being disturbed. They are fond of bathing, and after a rain may be +seen in crowds fluttering and splashing in the pools of water in the +street. The cold winter does not molest them. They continue as plump and +jolly and independent as ever, and chirp and hop about as merrily on a +snowy day as during summer. + +In the New York city parks these little foreigners are carefully +provided for. Prettily built rustic houses may be seen all over Central +Park, put up for their especial accommodation. During the summer, when +doors and windows are open, the sparrows hold high revels in the Central +Park menagerie. They go fearlessly into the eagle's cage, bathe in his +water dish, and make themselves very much at home. In the cages occupied +by pigeons, pheasants, and other larger birds, the sparrows are often +troublesome thieves. They can easily squeeze through the coarse +net-work, and no sooner are the feed dishes filled with breakfast than +they crowd in and take possession, scolding and fluttering and darting +at the imprisoned pigeons and pheasants if they dare to approach. + +The smaller parks of New York city contain each about two hundred houses +for the sparrows. Some of them are of very simple construction, being +made of a piece of tin leader pipe about ten inches long, with a piece +of wood fitted in each end. A little round doorway is cut for the birds +to enter, and they seem perfectly happy in these primitive quarters. +Feed and water troughs are provided, and it is the duty of the park +keeper to fill them every morning. The birds know the feeding hour, and +come flying eagerly, pushing and scolding, and tumbling together in +their hurry for the first mouthful. The greedy little things eat all +day. School-children come trooping in, and share their luncheon with +them, and even idle and ragged loungers on the park benches draw crusts +of bread from their pockets, and throw the sparrows a portion of their +own scanty dinner. + +It is very easy to study the habits of the sparrow, for it is so bold +and sociable that if a little house is nailed up in a balcony, or by a +window where people are constantly sitting, a pair of birds will at once +take possession, bring twigs and bits of scattered threads and wool for +a nest, and proceed to rear their noisy little family. Chirp, chirp, +very loud and impatient, three or four little red open mouths appear at +the door of the house, the parent birds come flying with worms and +flies, and then for a little while the young ones take a nap and keep +quiet, when, they wake up again and renew their clamor for food. + +If houses are not provided, the sparrow will build in any odd corner--a +chink in the wall or in the nooks and eaves of buildings. A pair of +London sparrows once made their nest in the mouth of the bronze lion +over Northumberland House, at Charing Cross. They are very much attached +to their nest, and after the little speckled eggs are laid will cling to +it even under difficulties. The sailors of a coasting vessel once lying +in a Scotch port frequently observed two sparrows flying about the +topmast. One morning the vessel put to sea, when, to the astonishment of +the sailors, the sparrows followed, evidently bent upon making the +voyage. Crumbs being thrown on the deck, they soon became familiar, and +came boldly to eat, hopping about as freely as if on shore. A nest was +soon discovered built among the rigging. Fearing it might be demolished +by a high wind, at the first landing the sailors took it carefully down, +and finding that it contained four little ones, they carried it on shore +and left it in the crevice of a ruined house. The parent birds followed, +evidently well pleased with the change, and when the vessel sailed away +they remained with their young family. + +Much has been written about the mischievous doings of the sparrow, and +war has been waged against it to a certain extent both here and in +England. But the sparrow holds its ground well, and proves in many ways +that even if it may drive away robins, and injure grain fields now and +then, it more than balances these misdeeds by the thousands of +caterpillars, mosquitoes, and other insects which it destroys, thus +saving the life of countless trees and plants. The whole year round it +is the same active, bustling, jolly creature, and our cities would be +lonely and desolate without this little denizen of the street. + + + + +A BRAVE PATRIOT. + + +In 1780, after the fall of Charleston, the British commander had issued +a proclamation to the people of South Carolina, calling upon them to +return to their allegiance, and offering protection to all who did so. +The men inhabiting the tract of country stretching from the Santee to +the Pedee selected one of their number to repair to Georgetown, the +nearest British post, to ascertain the exact meaning of the offer, and +what was expected of them. + +In accordance with his instructions, Major John James sought an +interview with Captain Ardesoif, the commandant of Georgetown, and +demanded what was the meaning of the British protection, and upon what +terms the submission of the citizens was to be made. + +He was informed roughly that the only way to escape the hanging which +they so justly deserved was to take up arms in his Majesty's cause. + +James, not relishing the tone and manner of the British officer, coolly +replied that "the people whom he came to represent would scarcely submit +on such conditions." + +Ardesoif, unaccustomed to contradiction, and enraged at the worthy +major's use of the term "represent," which smote harshly on his ears, +sprang to his feet, and, with his hand on his sword, exclaimed, +"Represent! If you dare speak in such language, I will have you hung at +the yard-arm." + +Major James was weaponless, but in his anger was equal to the occasion. +Seizing the chair upon which he had been sitting, he floored his +insulter at a blow, and giving his enemy no time to recover, mounted his +horse and escaped to the woods before pursuit could be attempted. + +His people soon assembled to hear his story, and their wrath was kindled +at hearing how their envoy had been received. + +Required to take the field, it needed not a moment to decide under which +banner, and the result was the formation of Marion's Brigade, which won +such fame in the swampy regions of the South. + + + + +A LATIN WORD SQUARE. + + + Behold my first! In her palmy days + (In the time of my _second_, you understand) + She had many poets who sang her praise, + Had soldiers and statesmen and wealth to amaze, + Her fame was unrivalled in many ways-- + She had no equal in all the land. + + Again to the time of my _second_ refer, + And spell that backward, my third behold-- + A hero of monstrous strength. They aver + He held up a temple its fall to defer, + And ate forty pounds (but I hope 'tis a slur) + Every day for his food, both hot and cold. + + Now spell my first backward, my fourth appears, + The greatest power of any time. + All poets have sung of its hopes and fears, + All men have known it with smiles and tears, + It has ruled and will rule for years and years + In every nation and every clime. + + Now take my word square and look all about, + Sideways, across, and down the middle, + Not a word can be found there by spy or scout + Which can not be spelled upside down, inside out, + All in Latin, you know; but now I've no doubt + You've guessed every word of this easy riddle. + + + + +A TERRIBLE FISH. + + +Among the inhabitants of the sea which, from their size or strength, +have been termed "monarchs of the ocean," are the saw-fish and the +sword-fish, which are formidable enemies to the whale; but it is not +merely on their fellow-inhabitants of the deep that these powerful +fishes exercise their terrible strength. Some singular instances are +related of their attacking even the ships that intrude upon their watery +domain. An old sea-captain tells the following story: + +"Being in the Gulf of Paria, in the ship's cutter, I fell in with a +Spanish canoe, manned by two men, who were in great distress, and who +requested me to save their lines and canoe, with which request I +immediately complied, and going alongside for that purpose, I discovered +that they had got a large saw-fish entangled in their turtle net. It was +towing them out to sea, and but for my assistance they must have lost +either their canoe or their net, or perhaps both, and these were their +only means of subsistence. Having only two boys with me at the time in +the boat, I desired the fishermen to cut the fish away, which they +refused to do. I then took the bight of the net from them, and with the +joint endeavors of themselves and my boat's crew we succeeded in hauling +up the net, and to our astonishment, after great exertions, we raised +about eight feet of the saw of the fish above the surface of the sea. It +was a fortunate circumstance that the fish came up with his belly toward +the boat, or he would have cut it in two. + +"I had abandoned all idea of taking the fish, until, by great good luck, +it made toward the land, when I made another attempt, and having about +three hundred feet of rope in the boat, we succeeded in making a running +bow-line knot round the saw, and this we fortunately made fast on shore. +When the fish found itself secured, it plunged so violently that I could +not prevail on any one to go near it: the appearance it presented was +truly awful. I immediately went alongside the Lima packet, Captain +Singleton, and got the assistance of all his ship's crew. By the time +they arrived the fish was less violent. We hauled upon the net again, in +which it was still entangled, and got another three hundred feet of line +made fast to the saw, and attempted to haul it toward the shore; but +although mustering _thirty hands_, we could not move it an inch. By this +time the negroes belonging to a neighboring estate came flocking to our +assistance, making together about one hundred in number, with the +Spaniards. We then hauled on both ropes nearly all day before the fish +became exhausted. On endeavoring to raise the monster it became most +desperate, sweeping with its saw from side to side, so that we were +compelled to get strong ropes to prevent it from cutting us to pieces. +After that one of the Spaniards got on its back, and at great risk cut +through the joint of the tail, when the great fish died without further +struggle. It was then measured, and found to be twenty-two feet long and +eight feet broad, and weighed nearly five tons." + +An East Indiaman was once attacked by a sword-fish with such prodigious +force that its "snout" was driven completely through the bottom of the +ship, which must have been destroyed by the leak had not the animal +killed itself by the violence of its own exertions, and left its sword +imbedded in the wood. A fragment of this vessel, with the sword fixed +firmly in it, is preserved as a curiosity in the British Museum. + +Several instances of a similar character have occurred, and one formed +the subject of an action brought against an insurance company for +damages sustained by a vessel from the attack of one of these fishes. It +seems the _Dreadnought_, a first-class mercantile ship, left a foreign +port in perfect repair, and on the afternoon of the third day a +"monstrous creature" was seen sporting among the waves, and lines and +hooks were thrown overboard to capture it. All efforts to this effect, +however, failed: the fish got away, and in the night-time the vessel was +reported to be dangerously leaking. The captain was compelled to return +to the harbor he had left, and the damage was attributed to a +sword-fish, twelve feet long, which had assailed the ship below +water-line, perforated her planks and timbers, and thus imperilled her +existence on the ocean. + +Professor Owen, the distinguished naturalist, was called to give +evidence on this trial as to the probability of such an occurrence, and +he related several instances of the prodigious strength of the "sword." +It strikes with the accumulated force of fifteen double-handed hammers; +its velocity is equal to that of a swivel-shot, and it is as dangerous +in its effects as a heavy artillery projectile would be. + +The upper jaw of this fish is prolonged into a projecting flattened +snout, the greatest length of which is about six feet, forming a saw, +armed at each edge with about twenty large bony spines or teeth. Mr. +Yarrel mentions a combat that occurred on the west coast of Scotland +between a whale and some saw-fishes, aided by a force of "thrashers" +(fox-sharks). The sea was dyed in blood from the stabs inflicted by the +saw-fishes under the water, while the thrashers, watching their +opportunity, struck at the unwieldy monster as often as it rose to +breathe. + +The sword-fish is also furnished with a powerful weapon in the shape of +a bony snout about four or five feet long, not serrated like the +saw-fish, but of a much firmer consistency--in fact, the hardest +material known. + + + + +THE STORY OF OBED, ORAH, AND THE SMOKING-CAP. + +BY MRS. A. M. DIAZ. + + +[Illustration] + +A cozy room, a wood fire, bright andirons, and a waiting company. The +Family Story-Teller promised the children he would come, and the whole +circle, young, older, oldest, are expecting a good time; for the Family +Story-Teller can tell stories by the hour on any subject that may be +given him, from a flat-iron to a whale-ship. He once told about a +flat-iron--and nothing can be flatter than a flat-iron--a story half an +hour long. It began, "Once there was a flat-iron." + +But where is he? Has he forgotten? Did the snowstorm hinder? Has he +missed his horse-car? Hark! a stamping in the entry. Dick runs to open +the door, and shows Family Story-Teller upon the mat, tall and erect, +brushing the snow from his cloak, his whiskers, and his laughing eyes. + +Miss Flossie declared that he must be "judged" for coming so late. + +Said Dick, "I judge him to tell as many stories as we want." + +This judgment being thought too easy for a person like him, to make it +harder he was "judged" to tell the stories all about the same thing. It +was left to grandpa to say what this thing should be, and grandpa said, +with a laugh, "going to mill." + +"Very well," said Family Story-Teller, "I will begin at once, and tell +you the entertaining story of 'Obed, Orah, and the Smoking-Cap.'" He +then began as follows: + + * * * * * + +Once upon a time, in the pleasant village of Gilead, dwelt Mr. and Mrs. +Stimpcett, with their four young children--Moses, Obadiah (called Obed), +Deborah (called Orah), and little Cordelia. Mrs. Stimpcett, for money's +sake, took a summer boarder, Mr. St. Clair, a city young man, who wished +to behold the flowery fields, repose upon the dewy grass, and who had +also another reason for coming, which will be told presently. + +On the morning after Mr. St. Clair's arrival, Mrs. Stimpcett said to +grandma that, as the noise of four young children at once would be too +much for a summer boarder until he should become used to it, Obed and +Orah would go and spend the day with their grandfather's cousin, Mrs. +Polly Slater. Mrs. Polly Slater lived all alone by herself in a cottage +at another part of the village of Gilead. Obed was six and a half years +old, and Orah nearly five. + +The two children set forth early in the morning. Orah wore her pink +apron and starched sun-bonnet, and Obed wore his clean brown linen frock +and trousers, the frock skirt standing out stiff like a paper fan. As +his second best hat could not be found, and his first best was not to be +thought of, he was obliged to wear his third best, which had a torn +brim, and which he put on with tears and sniffles and loud complaints. + +It happened very curiously that as Obed and Orah were walking through +the orchard, Obed still sniffling, they saw, under a bush, a beautiful +smoking-cap. Obed quickly threw down his old hat, and put on the +smoking-cap in a way that the loose part hung off behind. + +This beautiful smoking-cap belonged to the summer boarder, and was +presented to him by a young lady who liked him very much. It was wrought +in a Persian pattern slightly mingled with the Greek, and was +embroidered with purple, yellow, crimson, Magenta, sage green, invisible +blue, écru, old gold, drab, and other shaded worsteds, dotted with +stitches of shining silk and beads of silver, the tassel alone +containing skeins of écru sewing silk. The young lady lived not very far +from Mr. Stimpcett's, and _she_ was that other reason why Mr. St. Clair +became a summer boarder in the pleasant village of Gilead. + +Spry, the puppy dog, probably carried the smoking-cap to the orchard; +but all that is known with certainty is that Mr. St. Clair, the evening +before, then wearing the cap, reclined upon several chairs with his head +out of the window, gazing at the moon, and there fell asleep, and that, +as on account of the abundance of his hair it was a little too small, +the cap fell off his head, and that when he awoke the pain in the back +of his neck and the lateness of the hour caused him to forget all about +it. + +Now when Obed and Orah arrived at Mrs. Polly Slater's, they found her +doors shut and locked. Mr. Furlong, the man who lived in the next house, +called out to them, "Mrs. Polly Slater has borrowed a horse and cart, +and gone to mill; she will stay and eat dinner with your aunt Debby." +Then he added, "I am harnessing my horse to go to mill; how would you +like to go with me, and ride back with Mrs. Polly Slater in the +afternoon?" + +Obed and Orah liked this so much that they ran and clambered into the +cart as fast as they could, Orah climbing in over the spokes of a wheel. +Mr. Furlong fastened Obed's cap on by tying around it a stout piece of +line. + +When they had ridden several miles on their way to mill, they met a boy +on horseback galloping at a furious rate. The moment this boy saw Mr. +Furlong, he pulled up his horse--he nearly fell off behind in doing +so--and said he, "Mr. Furlong, your sister at Locust Point has heard bad +news, and wants to see you immediately." + +Mr. Furlong drove as fast as he could, until he came to the road which +turned off to Locust Point. Here he set the children down, and showed +Obed, not quite half a mile ahead of them, a large white building with a +flag flying from the top. "There," said he, "your aunt Debby, you know, +lives next to that white building. It is a straight road. I am sorry to +leave you. Keep out of the way of the horses, and go directly to her +house." Mr. Furlong then drove to Locust Point. + +[Illustration] + +Now after the two children had walked a short distance, they came to a +road which led across the road in which they were walking, and along +this cross-road were running boys and girls, some barefoot, some +bare-headed, some drawing baby carriages at such a rate that the babies +were nearly thrown out; and all that these boys and girls would say was, +"Baker's cart! baker's cart!" At last Obed and Orah found out that a +baker's cart had upset in coming through the woods, and had left +first-rate things to eat scattered all about. Our two children found a +whole half sheet of gingerbread, which was not sandy, to speak of; and +as they sat eating it, they looked through some bushes down a hill, and +saw there something which looked like a molasses cooky. They scrambled +down, the blackberry vines doing damage to their clothes, and found two +molasses cookies, and each took one. But before Orah had finished hers +she leaned her head on a grassy hummock, and fell asleep. When she +awoke, sad to relate, they turned the wrong way, and went farther and +farther and farther into the woods. After walking a long time, they came +to a brook, and stopped there to drink. They had to lie flat on the +ground, and suck up the water. Orah took off her shoes and stockings, +because there was sand in them, and dipped her feet in the brook. Obed +pulled hard, but he could not pull her stockings on over her wet feet, +and she had to carry them and her shoes in her hand. The woods became +thicker as the children walked on, and the trees taller. Obed began to +cry. "Oh dear!" he said; "we are lost! we are lost!" + +"Oh, I want to see my ma! I do! I do!" said Orah, and burst out crying. +Crying?--roaring!--so the man said who heard it. + +This was a charcoal man who happened along just then, driving an empty +charcoal cart. He kindly asked them where they lived, and whither they +were going. After Obed had told him, he said to them, "You poor little +children! You are dirty and ragged, and you are a long way from your +aunt Debby's. I shall pass near your father's house, and would you like +to take a ride with me?" Then, as they seemed willing, he helped them +into his cart, dropping them at the bottom as the safest place. Obed, +however, by putting his toes into knot-holes and cracks, climbed high +enough to put his head over the top, and Orah found a loose board which +she could shove aside, and so push her head through and look up at Obed. + +[Illustration] + +Now as they were rattling down a steep hill not a great way from home, a +slender young lady started from the sidewalk, and ran after them, +shouting and waving her parasol in the most frantic manner. The charcoal +man did not hear her. This frantic and slender young lady was the young +lady who made for Mr. St. Clair the smoking-cap done in the Persian +pattern slightly mingled with the Greek, and embroidered with the shaded +worsteds before mentioned, mingled with stitches of silk and beads of +silver. + +It is not strange that upon seeing that smoking-cap, which had cost her +so much time and labor and money, appearing over the top of a charcoal +cart on the head of a sooty little boy--it is not strange, I say, that +the slender young lady went to Mr. St. Clair and asked what it all +meant. She found Mr. St. Clair sitting upon the door-step, watching the +sunset sky. Mr. St. Clair declared that he had spent the whole day in +looking for the smoking-cap, and that it must have been stolen. Mr. and +Mrs. Stimpcett came out, and said _they_ had been looking for the cap +all day, and had felt badly on account of its loss. At this moment, +grandma, who was confined to her room with rheumatism, called down from +a chamber window that there were two little beggar children coming round +the barn--colored children, she thought. + +"Why," cried the slender young lady, "that's the very boy!" + +Mr. St. Clair rushed out to the barn. Just as he left the door-step who +should drive up to the gate and come in but Mrs. Polly Slater. "I have +been to the mill," said she, "and I came home by this road, thinking you +would like to hear from Debby." + +"But where are Obed and Orah?" cried Mrs. Stimpcett, in alarm. + +"I have not seen them," said Mrs. Polly Slater. + +As she said this, Mr. Furlong stopped at the gate. He said that as he +was passing by he thought he would ask how Obed and Orah got on in +finding their aunt Debby's. + +"_Aunt Debby's!_" cried Mr. Stimpcett, Mrs. Stimpcett, grandma, and Mrs. +Polly Slater--"_Aunt Debby's!_" + +On hearing at what place Mr. Furlong had left her children, Mrs. +Stimpcett fainted and fell upon the ground. Then all the people tried to +revive her. The slender young lady fanned with her parasol, Mrs. Polly +Slater fetched the camphor bottle, Mr. Furlong pumped, Mr. Stimpcett +threw dipperfuls of water--though owing to his agitation not much of it +touched her face--and grandma called down from the chamber window what +should be done. + +In the confusion no one noticed the approach of a newcomer. This was the +charcoal man, bringing shoes and stockings. "Here are your little girl's +shoes and stockings," said he. "She left them in my cart." + +"They are not _my_ little girl's," said Mr. Stimpcett, throwing a +dipperful of water on the ground. + +"She said she was your little girl," said the charcoal man. "But there +she is"--pointing to the barn; "you can see for yourself." + +Mr. Stimpcett ran to the barn, and was amazed to find that the two +beggar children were his Obed and Orah. Mr. St. Clair was scolding them, +and the tears were running down their cheeks in narrow paths. Mr. +Stimpcett led them quickly to Mrs. Stimpcett. Seeing their mother +stretched as if dead upon the ground, they both screamed, "Ma! ma! +m--a!" + +The well-known sounds revived her. She opened her eyes, raised herself, +and caught the children in her arms. + +The slender young lady advised that the smoking-cap be hung out-doors in +a high wind, and afterward cleansed with naphtha. The clothes of Obed +and Orah were also hung out, and Mr. Stimpcett, for fun, arranged them +in the forms of two scarecrows, which scared so well that the birds flew +far away. The consequence was an enormous crop of cherries, all of +which, except a few for sauce, Mr. Stimpcett sent to the charcoal man. + +Mr. St. Clair and the slender young lady were married the next year at +cherry-time, and it was said that during their honey-moon they subsisted +chiefly upon cherries. And now my story's done. + + * * * * * + +"How is this, Mr. Story-Teller?" cried the children's mamma. "The story +is a story, no doubt, but it can not be counted in, for Obed and Orah +did not really go to mill." + +Family Story-Teller said, looking around with a calm smile, that he +could tell plenty more, and that in his next one Grandma Stimpcett +should really go to mill, and should meet with surprising adventures. + + + + +PUSSY'S KITTEN (?). + + Once a tiny little rabbit strayed from home away; + Far from woodland haunts she wandered, little rabbit gray. + Our old Tabby cat, whilst sitting at the kitchen door, + Thought she saw her long-lost kitten home returned once more. + + Gave a pounce, and quickly caught it, with a happy mew, + Ere the frightened little wanderer quite knew what to do. + Gently Tabby brought her treasure to the old door-mat, + Purred, and rubbed and licked and smoothed it--motherly old cat! + + But what puzzled pussy truly, and aroused her fears, + Was the length to which had grown her kitten's once small ears. + Most amazing, most alarming, was that sight to her; + Green and round her eyes were swelling, stiff and straight her fur. + + "Poor wee kitty! what a pity you're deformed!" thought she; + "Surely this has somehow happened since you went from me. + But you're welcome home, my kitten; mother's love is strong, + Though I will confess I wish your ears were not so long." + + So the tiny little rabbit grew contented quite, + And our visitors like to call and see the pretty sight + Of nice old Tabby playing with her rabbit-kitty gray; + And she doesn't dream of her mistake, although, the truth to say, + + Her own true kitten went the road that many kittys go; + For John the coachman took it to the horse-pond just below. + But I think it is most cruel to drown a little cat; + And I trust all girls and boys will have too much heart for that. + + + + +THE BOYS AND UNCLE JOSH. + +BY W. O. STODDARD. + + +"Hey Billy, my boy! Going skating?" + +"Yes, Uncle Josh, Joe Pearce and me. The big pond's frozen solid." + +"Is it safe?" + +"Charley Shadders he says it's twenty feet thick in some places." + +"Twenty feet thick! I declare! That's pretty thick ice. How did he +know?" + +"I don't know. I guess he guessed at it. He's an awful guesser." + +"I should say he was. Twenty feet thick! Why, Billy, the water's only +five feet deep in summer." + +"Oh, but," exclaimed Joe Pearce, who had been listening with all the +eagerness of twelve years old, "it swells water to freeze it, Uncle +Josh." + +"So it does, so it does. But I never heard of a swell like that." And +Uncle Josh--for he was uncle to all the small boys in the village--shook +his fat sides with laughter, but it was not all about the remarkable +ice, for his next question was, "But, Billy, you've put all your skating +on one foot. How's that?" + +"'Cause it's all in one skate." + +"Well, it's big enough. Why don't you divide it, and give the other foot +a fair share?" + +"I've put mine on the other foot," shouted Joe, trying to balance +himself on one leg and hold up an uncommonly large skate for inspection. + +How those skates were strapped on! They were even steadied with pieces +of rope, and had bits of wood and leather stuffed in under the straps to +make them fit. + +"You see, Uncle Josh," explained Billy, "my brother Bob he went away to +college, and left his skates, 'cause, he said, the college was out of +ice this winter. And Joe Pearce he didn't have any. And Christmas forgot +to give me any. And so we divided 'em, and took the sled, and we're +going to the big pond." + +"That was fair. Only you haven't divided the sled." + +"The sled won't divide," said Joe, with a solemn shake of his curly +head; "but I'd like to divide my skate with my other foot." + +"I'll tell you what, boys," suddenly exclaimed Uncle Josh, "let's have a +little Christmas of our own." + +"Have you got any?" asked Billy. + +"I guess I have. Come right along to the store with me." + +"Come on, Joe. Keep your skate on. Don't limp any more'n you can help." + +But both he and Joe cut a queer figure as they followed Uncle Josh up +the street; for when a boy makes one of his legs longer than the other, +and slips and slides on that foot, it makes a good deal of difference in +the way he walks. + +Everybody knew Uncle Josh, and although he was a deacon and a very good +man, everybody expected to see a smile on his face, and to hear him +chuckle over something when they met him. So nobody was half so much +surprised as Joe and Billy were, and their surprise did not come to them +until they reached the store. But it came then. + +"Skates for these boys," said Uncle Josh, as they went in. "One for each +foot, all around. Straps too." + +That was it, and now the boys were doing more chuckling than Uncle Josh +himself. + +"Billy," asked Joe, "do you know what to say?" + +"Why, we must thank him." + +"Yes, I s'pose so. But that doesn't seem to be half enough." + +"Can't we thank him big, somehow?" + +"Enough for two pair of skates?" + +"That's so. We can't do it." + +They had to give it up; but they did their best, and Uncle Josh cut them +short in the middle of it. + +"Come, come, boys, we can't stay here all day. There won't be another +Saturday again for a week, and then it may rain. Don't put your skates +on. Wait till we get to the pond. Bring along the big ones. They'll do +for me." + +"Why, are you going, Uncle Josh?" + +"Of course I am. If the ice is twenty feet thick, I want to skate on it. +That kind of ice'll bear anybody." + +And so the boys tied the big skates upon the sled, and were starting +off, when Uncle Josh exclaimed: + +"No, boys, give 'em to me. I haven't had a pair of skates in my hand for +twenty years. I want to see how it would seem to carry them." + +There were not a great many people to be met in a small village like +that, but every one they did meet had a smile for Uncle Josh and his +skates, till they reached the miller's house, just this side of the +pond. And there was Mrs. Sanders, the miller's wife, sweeping the least +bit of snow from her front stoop. + +"Joe," said Billy, "do you see that?" + +"And Charley Shadders was guessing, then. He said snow wouldn't light on +her stoop." + +"There isn't but mighty little of it, and it didn't cost her anything." + +But just at that moment Mrs. Sanders was resting on her broom, and +looking very severely at Uncle Josh, and saying, + +"Now, Deacon Parmenter, where are you going with those boys? Skates, +too, at your time of life." + +"Good-morning, Sister Sanders. I declare, if you'll go with us, I'll +trot right back and get a pair of skates for you. I'd like to see a +good-looking young woman like you--" + +"Deacon Parmenter! Me? To go skating? With you and a couple of boys? I +never!" + +But she did not look half so angry as she did at first. She was a plump +and rosy woman; but she had a pointed nose, and her lips were thin. +Billy whispered to Joe Pearce, "Aunt Sally says it'd keep any woman's +lips thin to work 'em as hard as Mrs. Sanders does hers." + +They were almost smiling just now, for Uncle Josh went on: "Now, Sister +Sanders, I know it's a little queer for an old fellow like me, but it's +just the thing for young folks. Just you say the word, and you shall +have 'em. You're looking nicely this morning, Sister Sanders." + +"Billy," whispered Joe, "how red in the face Uncle Josh is getting!" + +"So is she," said Billy. "If he goes on that way, she'll come along and +spoil the fun." + +"No, she won't." + +Joe was right, for Mrs. Sanders brought her broom down on the front step +with a great bang with one hand, and she smoothed her front hair with +the other, as she answered Uncle Josh: "No, Deacon Parmenter, I couldn't +bring myself to set such an example. You must take good care of the +boys, and see that they do not get into any mischief. If I was their +mothers, I'd feel safer about them to know you was with 'em." + +Uncle Josh had a spell of coughing just then, and it seemed to last him +till he and the boys were away past the miller's house, and going down +the slope toward the pond. + +It was frozen beautifully, for the weather had been bitterly cold, +without any snow to speak of. The pond was all one glare and glitter, +and more than twenty men and boys were already at work on it, darting +around, like birds on their ringing, spinning, gliding skates. Only that +some of the smaller boys put one more in mind of tumbler pigeons than of +any other kind of birds. + +It was quite wonderful how quickly Joe and Billy had their new skates +on, and Uncle Josh looked immensely pleased to see how well they both +knew how to use them. + +"Why, boys, you haven't tumbled down once. How's that?" + +"Oh, we know how," said Billy; "and the ice is great. Thick ice always +skates better'n thin ice." + +But Uncle Josh had seated himself on the sled, and was hard at work +trying to put on Brother Bob's big skates. + +They fitted him well enough, but he seemed to have a deal of trouble in +getting hold of the straps. + +"Seems as if my feet were further away from me than they were twenty +years ago." + +"Joe," said Billy, "let's help. We can strap 'em for him." + +"That's good, boys. Pull tight. Tighter. Let me stamp a little. +There--one hole tighter. Now buckle." + +And so they went on, till Uncle Josh's skates were strapped, as Joe +Pearce said, "so they couldn't wiggle." + +"That's all right," said Uncle Josh. "Now, you boys, just skate away, +anywhere, and I'll enjoy myself." + +They hardly liked to leave him, but off they went, for the boys to whom +they wanted to show their new skates were away over on the other side of +the pond. + +"I don't know if this ice is twenty feet thick," muttered Uncle Josh, as +he pulled his feet under him, "but it looks twenty miles slippery. Ice +on this pond always freezes with the slippery side up. Steady, now. +There! I'm glad I've got the sled to sit down on." + +It was well it was a good strong sled, with thick ice under it, for +Uncle Josh sat down pretty hard, and he was a fat, jolly, heavy sort of +man. + +He sat right still and laughed for a whole minute, and then he tried it +again. + +This time he succeeded in standing up, and he was just saying to +himself, "I wish Jemima Sanders had come along to see me skate," when +one of his feet began to slip away from him. + +"I know how," he shouted. "There's no help for it. I must strike right +out." + +So he did, and his first slide carried him nearly a rod on that one +skate before he could get the other one down. He did that, however, and +it worked finely, for he had been a good skater when he was a young man. +He had kept hold of the rope-handle of the sled, and it was following +him. That is, when he struck out with a foot he swung his long arms too, +and the sled swung around on the ice as if it was half crazy. + +"What can be the matter with my ankles?" he said to himself. "They used +to be good ankles." + +No doubt; but then the last time he had skated before that, they had not +had so much to carry. + +"Billy," exclaimed Joe Pearce, "Uncle Josh is agoing!" + +"How he does go! Ain't I glad it's thick ice!" + +"Let's go. Come on, boys." + +Other eyes than theirs had been watching Uncle Josh, for everybody knew +him, and nobody had ever seen him skate, and Joe and Billy were followed +by almost all the boys on the pond. + +"Hurrah for Uncle Josh!" + +"Can't he skate, though!" + +"See him go." + +Right across the pond, as if he were in a desperate hurry to reach the +opposite bank before the ice could melt under him, went Uncle Josh, and +with him, all around him, swung the sled. + +It may have served as a sort of balance-wheel, and helped to steady him, +but it could not steer him. Neither could he steer himself, and the next +thing he knew he was headed down the pond, and skating for dear life +toward the dam. + +"If I stop, I shall come down," he said, with a sort of gasp. "I'm +getting out of breath. Good! I'm pointed for the shore again, and +there's a snow-bank." + +All the boys were racing after him now, but they had stopped shouting in +their wonder at what could have got into Uncle Josh. He himself was +beginning to feel very warm, for it was a good while since he had done +so much work in so short a time. + +"Here comes the shore!" But just as he said it, there he was, and the +skate he was sliding on caught in a chip on the ice. + +The wind had been at work to keep the pond clean when it piled that +snow-bank, and had left it all heaped up, white and soft and deep, and +into it went Uncle Josh, head first, while the sled was pitched a rod +beyond him. + +"Get the sled, Billy," said Joe. + +"He skated himself right ashore." + +"Guess he isn't hurt." + +[Illustration: "HURT? NO, INDEED!"] + +"Hurt? No, indeed!" shouted Uncle Josh, as he came up again through the +snow. "That's the way we used to skate when I was a boy. Billy, where's +that sled?" + +He did not seem in any hurry to stand up, but Joe Pearce found his hat, +and handed it to him. + +"Thank you, Joseph. Billy, you may bring the sled right here in front of +me." + +"He wants to sit down," said one of the boys. + +"He's sitting down now," said Joe. But Billy brought the sled, and Uncle +Josh carefully worked himself forward upon it, and began to brush away +the snow. + +"I'm as white as a miller," he chuckled to himself. "Boys, I guess you +may do the rest of my skating for me to-day." + +"Don't those skates fit?" asked Joe. + +"Oh yes, they fit well enough. It's the ice that doesn't fit. It's too +wide for me." + +"Well," said Billy, "we'll pull you across. Take hold, boys." + +"I declare!" began Uncle Josh; but the boys had seized the rope, and +were off in a twinkling. + +"It's fun," they heard him mutter; "but what would Sister Sanders say?" + +"There she is!" exclaimed Billy, "right down by the shore. She's come to +see us skate." + +"Hold on, boys! hold on! Let me get my skates off." + +But there were so many boys pulling and pushing around that sled that +before they could all let go and stop it, the pond had been nearly +crossed, and there was Mrs. Sanders. + +Uncle Josh did not seem to see her at all, and only said, "Now, boys, +just unbuckle my skates for me, will you?" + +It would have been done more quickly if there had not been so many to +help, and by the time one skate was loose, Uncle Josh was laughing +again. + +"Deacon Parmenter!" + +"Is that you, Sister Sanders? They're all safe--every boy of them. Just +wait a moment now, and they'll be ready for you." + +"Ready for me! What can you mean? I'm just amazed and upset, Deacon +Parmenter. A man like you, to be cutting up in such a way as this!" + +"There they are, Sister Sanders. You can put 'em right on. Come and sit +down on the sled. They're a little large for me, but they'll just fit +you; I know they will." + +Uncle Josh had very carefully risen to his feet, and was holding out to +her Brother Bob's big skates, straps and all. Her face grew very rosy +indeed as she looked at them. + +"Fit me!" she exclaimed--"those things fit me! Why, Deacon Parmenter, +what can you mean?" + +"Too small, eh? Well, now, I'd ha' thought--" + +But Mrs. Sanders turned right around and marched away toward her own +house without saying another word. + +"Boys," said Uncle Josh, "the skating is fine, but there isn't any more +of it than you'll want. Billy, take care of Brother Bob's skates for +him. I hope you'll all have a good time." + +He was edging and sliding along toward the shore while he was talking, +and the last they heard him say was, + +"I can skate well enough, but I'm afraid somebody else'll have to do my +walking for me for a week or two." + +"He's just the best man in the village," said Joe Pearce. + +"So he is," said Billy; "but I'm glad the ice was thick. What would we +have done if he'd broken through?" + +"That's why fat men like him don't skate, Billy. Did you see what a hole +he made in that there snow-bank?" + +He had, and so had the rest, but they all skated a race across the pond +to take another look at it, and wonder how he ever managed to get out. + + + + +SHIPS PAST AND PRESENT.--[SEE PAGE 162.] + +[Illustration: SHIPS OF COLUMBUS.] + +[Illustration: NORWEGIAN SHIP OF THE TENTH CENTURY.] + +[Illustration: THE FIRST OCEAN STEAM-SHIP.] + +[Illustration: THE "MAYFLOWER."] + +[Illustration: OCEAN STEAM-SHIP OF TO-DAY.] + +[Illustration: AMERICAN CLIPPER SHIP.] + +SHIPS PAST AND PRESENT. + + +On page 161 are given illustrations of six different styles of vessels, +all of which are correct drawings of ships that in different ages have +acted important parts in the history of this continent. + +The upper right-hand picture represents a Norwegian war ship of the +tenth century, and in such a one Scandinavian traditions assert that, +early in the eleventh century, Olaf Ericsson and his hardy crew sailed +into the unknown west for many a day, until at length they reached the +shores of America. On the authority of these same traditions, some +people assert that the structure known as the "old stone mill of +Newport" was erected by this same Olaf Ericsson, and left by him as a +monument of his discovery. + +If Ericsson and his men did make the voyage across the unknown ocean, it +was a very brave thing for them to do, for as the picture shows their +ship was a very small affair when compared with the magnificent vessels +of to-day, and was ill fitted to battle with the storms of the Atlantic. +She was of about ten tons burden, or as large as an oyster sloop of +to-day, and carried a crew of twenty-five men. A single mast was stepped +amidships, and this supported the one large square sail which was all +that ships of those days carried. Well forward of the mast was a single +bank of oars, or long sweeps, that were used when the wind was +unfavorable, or during calms. + +Although this style of craft appears very queer to us, in those days it +was considered the perfection of marine architecture, and in these +little ships the fierce Scandinavian Vikings, or sea-rovers, became the +scourge and terror of the Northern seas. + +The upper left-hand picture represents three ships very different in +style from the first, but still looking very queer and clumsy. They are +the ships in which, in--who can tell the date?--"Columbus crossed the +ocean blue," and made that discovery of America which history records as +the first. These caravels, as they were called, were named the _Santa +Maria_, _Pinta_, and _Nina_. The first-named was much larger than the +others, and was commanded by Columbus in person; but large as she was +then considered, she would now be thought very small for a man-of-war, +as she was, for she was only ninety feet in length. She had four masts, +of which two were fitted with square and two with lateen sails, and her +crew consisted of sixty-six men. In old descriptions of this vessel it +is mentioned that she was provided with eight anchors, which seems a +great many for so small a ship to carry. The other two vessels were much +smaller, and were open except for a very short deck aft. They were each +provided with three masts, rigged with lateen-sails. + +From this time forth a rapid improvement took place in the building of +ships. They were made larger and stronger, as well as more comfortable; +a reduction was made in the absurd height of the stern, or poop, and +much useless ornamentation about the bows and stern was done away with. + +In the third picture is shown a model ship of the seventeenth century, +which is none other than the _Mayflower_, in which, in 1620, the +Pilgrims crossed the ocean in search of a place for a new home, which +they finally made for themselves at Plymouth. + +During the eighteenth century trade increased so rapidly between the +American colonies and the mother country that the demand for ships was +very great, and the sailing vessels built then and early in the present +century have not since been excelled for speed or beauty. But a great +change was about to take place; and early in this century people began +to say that before long ships would be able to sail without either the +aid of wind or oars, and in 1807 Robert Fulton built the first +steamboat. Twelve years later the first ocean steamer was built, and +made a successful voyage across the Atlantic. She was named the +_Savannah_, and our fourth picture shows what she looked like. + +The last two pictures are those of a full-rigged clipper ship of to-day +under all sail, and one of the magnificent ocean steamers that ply so +swiftly between New York and Liverpool, making in eight or nine days the +voyage that it took the _Savannah_ thirty days to make. + + + + +THE RABBITS' FÊTE. + +BY MRS. E. P. PERRIN. + + +"Good-night, little girl. Go to nurse, and ask her to pop you right into +bed." + +The front door was shut, and Ellie hurried up stairs to the great hall +window, and looked out to see her mamma and pretty Aunt Janet get into +the sleigh and drive off. "Hark!" she says to herself, "how nice the +bells sound! They keep saying, + + 'Jingle bells, jingle bells, + Jingle all the way; + Oh, what fun it is to ride + In a one-horse open sleigh!' + +It's just as light as day out-doors. The moon makes the snow look like +frosted cake. I can see the croquet ground as plain as can be, and it +looks like a great square loaf. There's the arbor, and the seats in it +have white cushions on them. How funny it would be to play croquet on +the ice! Only the balls would go so fast we should have to put on skates +to catch them. I can see ever and ever so far--'way over to the woods +where Jack sets his traps. He says they are chock-full of rabbits; but I +don't believe him, for he never catches any. What's that moving on the +edge of the grove? What can it be? Oh, it's lots of them! They are +coming this way, and I can hear them laughing and talking." + +Ellie watched, and soon saw a troop of rabbits hopping along toward the +lawn. + +"Why, I do believe it is a rabbit party. How lucky it is I haven't gone +to bed!" + +On they came, chattering in the funniest way, and dressed in the top of +the fashion. One who seemed to be the leader said: "Ladies and +gentlemen, this is the spot. You see how level it is for dancing, and we +can have a game at croquet if you choose. The band will now strike up; +and take partners, if you please, for a waltz." + +Ellie wondered where the band was, but the strains of "Sweet Evelina, +dear Evelina," came floating on the air, and, looking up, she saw two +crows perched on the bar from which the swing hung in summer. One had a +little fiddle, and the other a flute. + +"That's the queerest thing yet," thought Ellie. "The idea of a crow +being able to play on anything, when they make such a horrid noise +cawing! The night crows must be different from the day ones." + +After the waltz was ended, and the couples were promenading, Ellie took +a good look at the young ladies and their lovely dresses. There was one +so beautiful she was charmed by her. She was as fair as a lily, and so +gentle and sweet Ellie called her the belle of the ball. A little gray +fellow never left her side, and could not do enough for her. He called +her Alicia, and Ellie did not wonder he seemed so fond of her. She +noticed, too, a tall young lady who had a white face with a black nose. +She looked very cross, but was much dressed in a scarlet silk, with a +long train, which gave her no end of trouble, for it was always in the +way. Ellie heard her say, in the crossest way: "I suppose Alicia thinks +she looks well to-night with that high comb in her head. I call her a +perfect fright." + +"You only say so because you haven't one," answered her companion. "I +think it is very becoming, and it makes her veil float out beautifully +behind." + +The leader called out, "Take partners for the Lancers!" and they quickly +formed into sets. + +They danced to perfection; even the "grand square" was got through +without a blunder. The leader was unlucky enough to step upon the +scarlet train, and its wearer turned upon him, crying out: "I do wish, +Mr. Hopkins, you wouldn't be so clumsy! You will tear my dress off me." + +He humbly begged her pardon, but told his partner he should look out and +not get in the same set with Matilda again; she was as disagreeable as +ever. "Just because her grandmother was French, she gives herself great +airs. She is no better than the rest of us." + +After the Lancers was finished, Matilda went to the arbor to get her +train pinned up. It was sadly torn. While one of the matrons was at work +upon it, Ellie listened to the conversation. + +"Why isn't Mrs. Gray here to-night?" asked one. + +"Don't you know she has eight little ones a week old to-day?" + +"Oh, indeed! Her hands must be full. I have been so busy with my own +affairs, I know nothing about my neighbors'. But who is that who has +just arrived? Mr. Hopkins will surely break his neck trying to get to +him." + +"That must be Lord Lepus; he belongs to the Hare family, one of the most +aristocratic in England. I heard he was to be invited. What an honor!--a +nobleman at our New-Year's fête." + +Matilda grew impatient, and pulled her dress away, saying, "That will +do; I hope you've been long enough about it," and without a word of +thanks hurried to join the young people. + +"How very rude she is!" thought Ellie. "I always thought that French +people were polite." + +Her attention was drawn to the new arrival. "He must be what Jack calls +a swell," thought she, "with that long coat almost touching his heels, +and his button-hole bouquet of carnations, heliotrope, and smilax. How +does he keep that one eyeglass in his eye? It never moves, and yet he +skips about like a grasshopper." + +"Shall I present your lordship to one of the ladies?" asked Mr. Hopkins. +"Any of them will be only too happy to dance with you." + +"Aw, really now!" answered Lord Lepus. "'Pon my word, they are all such +charming creatures, it is hard to choose. Who is the little one with the +blue veil standing with the gentleman in demi-toilet of gray?" + +"That is Alicia. The gentleman is Mr. Golightly. They are to be married +soon." + +"How extremely interesting! Pray present me." + +His lordship secured the blushing Alicia for a waltz, and was so well +pleased with his partner he danced with her again and again. + +After the last dance, Ellie saw Mr. Hopkins setting out the wickets for +croquet. The balls were lady apples with different colored ribbons tied +to the stems, and the mallets were cat-o'-nine-tails, with the pussy end +going the other way. + +"Well," thought she, "I don't see but that rabbits know as much as +people. I wonder how they will play." + +She did not have to wonder long, for they were at it almost before she +had done thinking. Lord Lepus was a fine player. Alicia was his partner, +and with his help her balls went flying through the wickets in a +twinkling. Golightly and Matilda were in the same game, and did their +prettiest; but his lordship was too much for them. + +At last when Alicia sent Matilda's ball spinning, and struck the stake +for her partner and then for herself, Matilda flew in a rage, and +lifting her mallet, struck Alicia a blow on the head, which drove the +teeth of her comb down into the pretty white skin. Poor Alicia gave one +cry, and dropped senseless. Golightly was beside himself with grief, and +pushing Lord Lepus aside as he sprang to her aid, cried, "Away! away! +You took her from me in life: she is mine in death." + +"I beg pardon--" politely began his lordship, but was interrupted by +Mrs. Muff, Alicia's chaperon, who calmly ordered Golightly to stop his +noise, and help Mr. Hopkins carry her charge to the arbor. + +"Oh, what shall we do?" groaned Golightly, beating his brow with his +hand. + +"Do," repeated Mrs. Muff; "why, send for a porous plaster. Here, +Skipjack, run to Dr. Pine as fast as you can, and fetch me one." + +In a moment he was back with it, and Mrs. Muff quickly clapped it upon +Alicia's head. Ellie looked on with breathless interest, and soon Alicia +slowly opened her eyes, and looking up, said, in a soft voice, "Dear +Golightly!" + +Mrs. Muff skillfully jerked off the plaster, and Ellie saw the teeth of +the comb sticking to it. + +"Bless my soul! it's the most extraordinary thing," cried his lordship. + +"Oh, that's nothing," replied Mrs. Muff; "I always use them when my +children are teething, with great success. But where is Matilda?" + +"The poor girl was terribly cut up, you know, and ran away toward the +woods," answered Lord Lepus. "How does the charming Alicia find herself? +Well enough to join us, I hope." + +"She must rest awhile. A short nap will entirely restore her," said Mrs. +Muff. + +At that moment Mr. Hopkins put his head in the arbor, and announced +supper was served. + +"Now," said Mrs. Muff, "while you are at supper Alicia shall go to +sleep, and I will watch her." + +Ellie looked out, and saw a table spread on the croquet ground. "Well, +well, how quick rabbits are! I wonder what they have to eat;" and she +ran along with the rest of the party to find out. The table was loaded +with nice things--apples and celery in abundance, and piles and piles of +popped corn. Lord Lepus had never seen any before, and was so much +pleased with it, Mr. Hopkins ordered a waiter to fill a bag and give it +to his lordship when he left. "How strange," thought Ellie; "mamma says +it is very impolite to carry away anything to eat when you go to +parties. But perhaps it is different with rabbits." + +When they had finished supper, Mr. Cawkins and son--the band--came +flapping down and picked up everything that was on the table. "I suppose +that playing makes them hungry," thought Ellie; "but how fast they do +eat!" + +When the last kernel of popped corn had disappeared, the crows flew back +to their perch and began to play the liveliest, merriest tune Ellie had +ever heard. Mr. Hopkins said to Lord Lepus, "Will your lordship join us +in dancing the merry-go-round? It is our national dance, and we always +have it on New-Year's Eve." + +"I shall be most happy; and here comes the fair Alicia, looking as fresh +as a daisy. I will secure her for my partner." + +But Mr. Hopkins formed them into a circle, and they began to dance +around, singing as they went. Ellie listened, and caught the words, + + "Come dance, come dance the merry-go-round, + With sprightly leap and joyous bound. + We'll grasp each hand with right good cheer, + And welcome in the glad new year. + Oh, the merry-go-round, the merry-go-round, + We'll dance till day is dawning." + +They flew around fast and faster, till Ellie could not tell one from +another. They looked like a streak on the snow. + +"Dear me, how dizzy they will get! Poor Alicia will certainly have the +headache," thought Ellie; but still quicker went the music, and still +faster flew the dancers. All of a sudden Ellie was startled by a loud +"caw." She felt some one shaking her shoulder, and a voice in her ear +said, "Wake up, Miss Ellie, wake up. The hall clock has just struck half +past nine, and to think of your being out of bed at this hour! What will +your mamma say? That giddy-pate Sarah told me she would undress you, for +I was called away." + +"I am so glad," said sleepy little Ellie, "for I have seen the +merry-go-round." + +Nurse gathered her up in her arms, and bore her to the nursery. + +"Nursey," asked Ellie, "are English hares better than our rabbits?" + +"Yes, miss, much better for soup." + +"Soup!" cried Ellie; "how dreadful, when he was so beautifully dressed!" + +"Yes," said nurse, "we like to have them dressed; they are so hard to +skin." + +"What do you mean?" exclaimed Ellie. "He wore such a beautiful long +coat, and had on a locket and three rings." + +"Dear me," thought nurse, "she has been in the moonlight so long I am +afraid it has turned her brain. She certainly seems a little looney. The +sooner she is undressed and in her bed, the better." + +"Oh, nursey, the next time baby has any teeth coming, put on a porous +plaster, and it will pull them right through his gums." + +"Bless the child! What is she talking about now? Hares and plasters! The +moon is a dangerous thing, and Sarah shall be well scolded for her +neglect." + +As Ellie laid her head on the pillow, she said, "They danced the +merry-go-round, and at the end of every verse they sang, 'Oh, the +merry-go-round, the merry-go-round, we'll--dance--till--day--'" + +Nurse looked, and saw that little Ellie was fast asleep. + + + + +A WISE DOG. + + +Many anecdotes have been published respecting dogs, proving that, +besides giving evidence of being endowed with certain moral qualities, +they possess and exercise memory, reasoning powers, and forethought; +they can communicate with each other, form plans, and act in concert. +The subject, however, is by no means exhausted, and dog stories almost +always meet with a welcome reception, especially from juvenile readers. + +The following story gives an instance, in the first place, of two dogs +combining to perform a certain action; in the second place, it shows +that one of these dogs evidently understood from the conversation of his +master and another man the consequences likely to result from this +action, and that he thereupon formed and carried out a plan to avoid +them. + +[Illustration: COME OUT AND HAVE SOME FUN.] + +A farmer who resided in a town on the borders of Dartmoor was the owner +of a valuable sheep-dog. So skillful was this dog in collecting and +driving the sheep, that he almost performed the part of a shepherd. If +the farmer, on his return from market, wanted the sheep to be driven to +the field, he had only to say, "Keeper, take the sheep to field," and +the dog would collect the flock and drive them to the field without +suffering a single one to stray. But the proverb, "Evil communications +corrupt good manners," is as applicable to dogs as to men. Keeper got +acquainted with another dog, which proved to be of disreputable +character, and like other disreputable characters, had a habit of +rambling about at night. When the farmer was smoking his evening pipe by +the kitchen fire, and Keeper was stretched along the hearth, apparently +asleep, a low bark would be heard outside; Keeper would prick up his +ears, and when the door was opened, would make his escape and join his +companion, and then away would go both dogs on a ramble. + +This game was carried on for some little time; Keeper's bad habits were +not suspected at home, and he did his duty by his master's sheep as +faithfully as ever. In the mean time it became known in the town that a +few miles distant many sheep had been "worried" by dogs, but as yet the +culprit or culprits had not been discovered. It may, perhaps, be as well +to explain that by "worrying" sheep is meant that they have been +attacked by dogs, which seize the sheep by the throat, bite them, and +suck the blood, and then leave them to perish. In a single night one dog +has been known to "worry" forty sheep. No wonder such animals are a +terror to farmers. Besides, if a dog once takes to "worrying" sheep, he +never leaves off the habit. + +One evening as the farmer sat by his fire smoking and conversing with a +neighbor, Keeper as usual basking by the fire, and waiting the expected +call of his dog companion, the conversation turned on the great number +of sheep that had been lately "worried" and destroyed, and the loss that +would ensue to the farmers. + +"Well," said the neighbor, "we caught one on 'em, with his mouth and +coat bloody, and we hanged him up on the spot. They do say thy dog +Keeper was with un." + +"It is too true, he was there," replied the farmer; then looking at the +apparently sleeping dog, and shaking his head at him, he said, "Thee +knows thee has been with un. Thy turn will come next. We'll hang thee up +to-morrow." + +Keeper lay still, pretending sleep, but with his ears open. He had heard +his death-warrant, and was determined that it should not be carried into +execution if he could prevent it. When the outer door was opened, he +slunk off quietly, and was never seen again. + +What became of him was never known. + +Who will say after this that dogs do not understand the conversation of +men, especially when it relates to "worrying" sheep, and the punishment +it entails on the guilty dogs? + + + + +[Illustration: Music: A Fox went out in a hungry plight.] + + * * * * * + +=The Lesson of the Bath.=--One of the most valuable discoveries made by +Archimedes, the famous scholar of Syracuse, in Sicily, relates to the +weight of bodies immersed in water. Hiero, King of Syracuse, had given a +lump of gold to be made into a crown, and when it came back he suspected +that the workmen had kept back some of the gold, and had made up the +weight by adding more than the right quantity of silver; but he had no +means of proving this, because they had made it weigh as much as the +gold which had been sent. Archimedes, puzzling over this problem, went +to his bath. As he stepped in he saw the water, which his body +displaced, rise to a higher level in the bath, and to the astonishment +of his servants he sprang out of the water, and ran home through the +streets of Syracuse almost naked, crying, "_Eureka! Eureka!_" ("I have +found it! I have found it!"). + +What had he found? He had discovered that any solid body put into a +vessel of water displaces a quantity of water equal to its own bulk, and +therefore that equal weights of two substances, one light and bulky, and +the other heavy and small, will displace different quantities of water. +This discovery enabled him to solve his problem. He procured one lump of +gold and another of silver, each weighing exactly the same as the crown. +Of course the lumps were not the same size, because silver is lighter +than gold, and so it takes more of it to make up the same weight. He +first put the gold into a basin of water, and marked on the side of the +vessel the height to which the water rose. + +Next, taking out the gold, he put in the silver, which, though it +weighed the same, yet, being larger, made the water rise higher; and +this height he also marked. Lastly, he took out the silver and put in +the crown. Now if the crown had been pure gold, the water would have +risen only up to the mark of the gold, but it rose higher, and stood +between the gold and silver marks, showing that silver had been mixed +with it, making it more bulky; and by calculating how much water was +displaced, Archimedes could estimate roughly how much silver had been +added. This was the first attempt to measure the _specific gravity_ of +different substances; that is, the weight of any particular substance +compared to an equal bulk of some other substance taken as a standard. +In weighing solids or liquids, water is the usual standard. + + * * * * * + +=How this Solid Earth keeps Changing.=--The student of history reads of +the great sea-fight which King Edward III. fought with the French off +Sluys; how in those days the merchant vessels came up to the walls of +that flourishing sea-port by every tide; and how, a century later, a +Portuguese fleet conveyed Isabella from Lisbon, and an English fleet +brought Margaret of York from the Thames, to marry successive Dukes of +Burgundy at the port of Sluys. In our time, if a modern traveller drives +twelve miles out of Bruges, across the Dutch frontier, he will find a +small agricultural town, surrounded by corn fields and meadows and +clumps of trees, whence the sea is not in sight from the top of the +town-hall steeple. This is Sluys. + +Once more. We turn to the great Baie du Mont Saint Michel, between +Normandy and Brittany. In Roman authors we read of the vast forest +called "Setiacum Nemus," in the centre of which an isolated rock arose, +surmounted by a temple of Jupiter, once a college of Druidesses. Now the +same rock, with its glorious pile dedicated to St. Michael, is +surrounded by the sea at high tides. The story of this transformation is +even more striking than that of Sluys, and its adequate narration justly +earned for M. Manet the gold medal of the French Geographical Society in +1828. + +Once again. Let us turn for a moment to the Mediterranean shores of +Spain, and the mountains of Murcia. Those rocky heights, whose peaks +stand out against the deep blue sky, scarcely support a blade of +vegetation. The algarobas and olives at their bases are artificially +supplied with soil. It is scarcely credible that these are the same +mountains which, according to the forest-book of King Alfonso el Sabio, +were once clothed to their summits with pines and other forest trees, +while soft clouds and mist hung over a rounded, shaggy outline of wood +where now the naked rocks make a hard line against the burnished sky. +But Arab and Spanish chroniclers alike record the facts, and +geographical science explains the cause. There is scarcely a district in +the whole range of the civilized world where some equally interesting +geographical story has not been recorded, and where the same valuable +lessons may not be taught. This is comparative geography. + + + + +[Illustration: OUR POST-OFFICE BOX.] + + +That our youthful correspondents may not think we slight any of their +favors, we would say that we regret exceedingly that our limited space +compels us to print so few of their prettily worded and neatly written +letters. We thank you all for your praise and hearty goodwill, but while +we read all your comments on _Young People_ with attention, as in that +way we learn what pleases you best, we must choose for printing those +letters which tell something of interest to other young readers. + +To one thing we would call your attention. When you send drawings of +"Wiggles" and other picture puzzles, be careful to do it on a separate +piece of paper. Your letters are all recorded, and filed away, and if +your idea for a "Wiggle" is drawn on the same piece of paper on which +you write your letter, it makes confusion. We hope our young +correspondents will pay attention to this suggestion. + + * * * * * + + ISHPEMING, MICHIGAN. + + In _Harper's Young People_, No. 10, Mr. Lossing wrote about + "Putnam's Narrow Escape." He said his informant was General + Ebenezer Mead. Please tell Mr. Lossing that General Mead was my + great-grandfather. I am nine years old. I was born in Evergreen, + Louisiana, and came North when I was only three weeks old, so I + don't remember about any home but where I live now. + + BEN BRYANT HILL. + + * * * * * + + DEL NORTE, COLORADO. + + I am ten years old, and live away out in the Rocky Mountains. I + went down to the hotel last night, and saw the twelve Ute chiefs + who are on the way to Washington. Ouray, the head chief, had his + wife with him. There being but one chair in the room, she very + kindly sat flat upon the floor, and allowed her husband to occupy + the chair. + + WALLACE S. + + * * * * * + + SHEEPSCOTT BRIDGE, MAINE. + + I am eleven years old. My father tells me lots of stories about + Indians, and shows me the places where some poor people were killed + by them. Our field takes in a part of Garrison Hill, where people + used to come into the fort when the Indians came. My father says + Sheepscott is a very old place, and the Pilgrims came here for + corn. Close by our field is an old barn where the Indians came when + some men were threshing, and fired on them, and killed two and took + their scalps off, and one man hit back at them with his flail, and + broke an Indian's arm, and they carried him prisoner to Canada. It + says so on his old grave-stone, and I have seen it. My grandfather + shot bears, but there are none here now. The people here build + little houses on the ice, and catch lots of smelts through a hole + in the ice. Sometimes there are as many as a hundred houses. The + smelts are sent to New York. I like _Young People_, and hope I + shall always get it. + + CLARENCE E. C. + + * * * * * + + WARREN, OHIO. + + I want to tell you about my dogs. I have two coach-dogs; Spot and + Sport are their names. I used to drive them in a sleigh, and they + would draw me all about the town. I trained them all myself. Sport + was just like some horses; he would back and kick and chew his + harness. One day he chewed it all to pieces. Spot was good all the + time. I am older now, and drive ponies. I drove the dogs when I was + five years old. + + ALASKA P. + + * * * * * + + EMPORIA, KANSAS. + + My uncle gave me a little axe on New-Year's Day, of which I am very + proud, and make good use of it by cutting wood for my mamma, but + Kansas wood is very hard to split. My papa says, "Where there is a + will there is a way," and I am going to earn money enough with my + axe to subscribe for _Young People_. + + PORTER HUNTER. + + * * * * * + + EAST SMITHFIELD, PENNSYLVANIA. + + I have a canary. His name is Willie. He sings very sweetly, but he + has not bathed for a long time. Do you know any way to make him + take his bath? + + MARY. + +Sometimes canaries will not bathe in cold weather. You must give your +bird tepid water, otherwise it will get chilled, and sicken. Try putting +the bath dish in its cage and leaving it alone. Some canaries will never +bathe if they are watched. + + * * * * * + + PEABODY, MASSACHUSETTS. + + I have two Maltese cats exactly alike. One of them will eat + pea-nuts faster than I can crack them. The one that eats pea-nuts + has a bad cold. What can I do for her? + + HARRY P. H. + +Your kitty has a very funny appetite. Keep her in a warm corner by the +fire, and give her plenty of warm milk to drink, and her cold will get +well. A little weak catnip tea mixed with the milk would do her good. + + * * * * * + +Robie I. G. has a kitty which climbs up on the balusters every morning +and tries to open his chamber door; Carlotta P. writes that her kitties +Betsy and Busti play with balls, and run up the curtains as if they were +climbing trees; Charlie M. S., Annie C. and Maggie W., Mattie V. S., and +Ida R. L., also write of pet cats and dogs and birds. + + * * * * * + +MAYNARD A. M.--Your story and poems are very pretty, and show much fancy +and imagination for a boy of your age, but we have not room to print +them. We return them to Detroit, Michigan, the only address you give. + + * * * * * + +"MYSTIC."--Your drawing is very well done, but we can not use it. + + * * * * * + +MISS A. T.--There is no commentary on Pope's translation of Homer, but +many interesting papers have been published on the subject. + + * * * * * + +EDWARD M. VAN C.--Your letter was a long time reaching its destination, +as it first took a trip to the Dead-letter Office at Washington, and was +forwarded to us from there. Like the little girl mentioned in the paper +on the Dead-letter Office in _Young People_, No. 11, you posted it +_without a stamp_. + + * * * * * + +E. L. M.--You write a very pretty letter considering that you are "only +a little girl nine years old," and you need not feel nervous in future. + + * * * * * + +MISS E. W.--Many thanks for the charming letter and poem you so kindly +forward from the bright little nine-year-old girl, Jennie Lancaster, of +Marshall, Texas. + + * * * * * + +ADDIE W. P.--The quotation you wish is probably this: "Nothing in his +life became him like the leaving it." It occurs in Shakspeare's play of +_Macbeth_, act first, scene fourth. + + * * * * * + +GEORGE O. D.--We are very sorry you are so unfortunate, and trust the +weekly visit of _Young People_ will continue to brighten the monotony of +your illness. + + * * * * * + +W. T. DOTY.--The incident you mention must be taken as an exception to a +general rule, as the personal observation of many students of natural +history establishes the statement to which you demur. + + * * * * * + +ETHEL S. M.--Either spelling of the word is correct. The form you object +to is more often used by American writers than the one you found in your +English history. + + * * * * * + +Favors are acknowledged from Esther B., Minnesota; Osborn D., Arkansas; +Bert C. S., Iowa; Tillie F. W., Maryland; Ethel P., Washington, D. C.; +Willie Baldwin, Massachusetts; Louis C. V., New Jersey. From +Connecticut--Archie H. L., "Daisy." From New York--M. Cohn, Addie +and A. Goodnow. From Missouri--Charlie B., Theodore W. B. From +Illinois--S. M. H., Marion Potter. From California--Mary M. Carr, Arthur +White. + + * * * * * + +Correct answers to puzzles are received from Charlie A. T., Illinois; +H. W. Singer, Ohio; Florence and Pauline W., California; J. T. Newcombe, +Michigan; Ida U. B., Minnesota; John R. Glen, Georgia; S. Addison W., +Maryland; C. S. C., Connecticut; J. H. Hassett, New Hampshire. From +Massachusetts--A. A. Gilmore, Stanley King, C. H. A., A. F. C. From New +York--Thomas H. Van T., F. W. P., Mabel L., William MacG., Walter L., +H. and B., Rufus W. T., E. S., F. Bisbee. Oscar F., New Jersey. + +Many of these answers are given in very neat operations in figures. + + * * * * * + +Answers to Mathematical Puzzles in No. 10: + +No. 5.--While selling their apples separately the boys received an +average price of two and one-twelfth cents per apple. The boy who sold +the whole lot together received only two cents per apple, losing +one-twelfth of a cent on each. This loss on sixty apples amounted to +five cents. + +No. 6.--Mother's age, sixty-five; oldest daughter's, thirty; second +daughter's, twenty; youngest daughter's, fifteen. + + + + +ADVERTISEMENTS. + + + + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE. + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates--_payable in advance, postage free_: + + SINGLE COPIES $0.04 + ONE SUBSCRIPTION, _one year_ 1.50 + FIVE SUBSCRIPTIONS, _one year_ 7.00 + +Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order. + +Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss. + +ADVERTISING. + +The extent and character of the circulation of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line. + + Address + HARPER & BROTHERS, + Franklin Square, N. Y. + + + + +A LIBERAL OFFER FOR 1880 ONLY. + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE _and_ HARPER'S WEEKLY _will be sent to any address +for one year, commencing with the first Number of_ HARPER'S WEEKLY _for +January, 1880, on receipt of $5.00 for the two Periodicals_. + + + + +=PLAYS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE=, with Songs and Choruses, adapted for Private +Theatricals. With the Music and necessary directions for getting them +up. Sent on receipt of 30 cents, by HAPPY HOURS COMPANY, No. 5 Beekman +Street, New York. Send your address for a Catalogue of Tableaux, +Charades, Pantomimes, Plays, Reciters, Masks, Colored Fire, &c., &c. + + + + +CANDY + +Send one, two, three, or five dollars for a sample box, by express, of +the best Candies in America, put up elegantly and strictly pure. Refers +to all Chicago. Address + + C. F. GUNTHER, + Confectioner, + 78 MADISON STREET, CHICAGO. + + + + +WOODEN WEDDING PRESENTS + +Ready-made and to order. + +SCROLL SAWS, DESIGNS, AND WOOD, + +At LITTLE'S TOOL STORE, 59 Fulton St., N. Y. City. + +Circulars free by mail. + + + + +DU CHAILLU'S STORIES + +OF + +ADVENTURES IN AFRICA. + + * * * * * + +Stories of the Gorilla Country. + + By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +It is a capital book for boys. * * * The stories it contains are +full of the kind of novelty, peril, and adventure which are so +fascinating.--_Spectator_, London. + +These stories are entertaining and are well told, and they are +calculated to impart much knowledge of natural history to youthful +readers.--_Boston Traveller._ + + * * * * * + +Wild Life under the Equator. + + By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +The amount of enjoyment that was afforded to the children by the +previous work of this author, "Stories of the Gorilla Country," is +beyond computation. * * * We have read every word of "Wild Life under +the Equator" with the liveliest interest and satisfaction No ingenious +youth of twelve in the land will find it more "awfully jolly" than did +we.--_N. Y. Evening Post._ + + * * * * * + +Lost in the Jungle. + + By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +Full of adventures with savage men and wild beasts; shows how these +strange people live, what they eat and drink, how they build, and what +they worship; and will instruct as well as amuse.--_Boston Journal._ + +A whole granary of information, dressed up in such a form as to make it +nutritious for young minds, as well as attractive for youthful +appetites.--_Philadelphia Ledger._ + + * * * * * + +My Apingi Kingdom: + + With Life in the Great Sahara, and Sketches of the Chase of the + Ostrich, Hyena, &c. By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, + Cloth, $1.50. + +In this book Mr. Du Chaillu relates the story of his sojourn in Apingi +Land, of which he was elected king by the kind-hearted and hospitable +natives. * * * We assure the reader that it is full of stirring +incidents and exciting adventures. Many chapters are exceedingly +humorous, and others are quite instructive. The chapter, for instance, +on the habits of the white and tree ants contains an interesting +contribution to natural history.--_N. Y. Herald._ + + * * * * * + +The Country of the Dwarfs. + + By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +Hail to thee, Paul! thou hero of single-handed combats with gorillas and +every imaginable beast that ever howled through the deserts, from the +elephant to the kangaroo; thou unscathed survivor of a thousand-and-one +vicissitudes by fire, field, and flood; thou glowing historian of thine +own superlatively glorious deeds: thou writer of books that make the +hairs of the children stand on every available end; thou proud king of +the Apingi savages of the equator; hail! we say.--_Utica Herald._ + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, N. Y. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +ABBOTTS' ILLUSTRATED HISTORIES. + + * * * * * + +HISTORICAL BIOGRAPHIES. By JACOB ABBOTT and JOHN S. C. ABBOTT. The +Volumes of this Series are printed and bound uniformly, and contain +numerous Illustrations. 16mo, Cloth, $1.00 per volume; Set in box, 32 +vols., $32.00. + + Cyrus the Great. + Darius the Great. + Xerxes. + Alexander the Great. + Romulus. + Hannibal. + Pyrrhus. + Julius Cæsar. + Cleopatra. + Nero. + Alfred the Great. + William the Conqueror. + Richard I. + Richard II. + Richard III. + Margaret of Anjou. + Mary Queen of Scots. + Queen Elizabeth. + Charles I. + Charles II. + Hernando Cortez. + Henry IV. + Louis XIV. + Maria Antoinette. + Madame Roland. + Josephine. + Joseph Bonaparte. + Hortense. + Louis Philippe. + Genghis Khan. + King Philip. + Peter the Great. + +For the convenience of buyers, these Histories have been divided into +Six Series, as follows: + +I. + +_Founders of Empires._ + + CYRUS. + DARIUS. + XERXES. + ALEXANDER. + GENGHIS KHAN. + PETER THE GREAT. + +II. + +_Heroes of Roman History._ + + ROMULUS. + HANNIBAL. + PYRRHUS. + JULIUS CÆSAR. + NERO. + +III. + +_Earlier British Kings and Queens._ + + ALFRED. + WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR. + RICHARD I. + RICHARD II. + MARGARET OF ANJOU. + +IV. + +_Later British Kings and Queens._ + + RICHARD III. + MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. + ELIZABETH. + CHARLES I. + CHARLES II. + +V. + +_Queens and Heroines._ + + CLEOPATRA. + MARIA ANTOINETTE. + JOSEPHINE. + HORTENSE. + MADAME ROLAND. + +VI. + +_Rulers of Later Times._ + + KING PHILIP. + HERNANDO CORTEZ. + HENRY IV. + LOUIS XIV. + JOSEPH BONAPARTE. + LOUIS PHILIPPE. + + * * * * * + +ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S OPINION OF ABBOTTS' HISTORIES. + +In a conversation with the President just before his death, Mr. Lincoln +said: "_I want to thank you and your brother for Abbotts' Series of +Histories. I have not education enough to appreciate the profound works +of voluminous historians; and if I had, I have no time to read them. But +your Series of Histories gives me, in brief compass, just that knowledge +of past men and events which I need. I have read them with the interest. +To them I am indebted for about all the historical knowledge I have._" + + * * * * * + +PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +"_A book beyond the pale of criticism._" + + N. Y. DAILY GRAPHIC. + + * * * * * + +Boy Travellers in the Far East. + + * * * * * + +ADVENTURES OF + +TWO YOUTHS IN A JOURNEY + +TO + +JAPAN AND CHINA. + +Illustrated, 8vo, Cloth, $3.00. + + * * * * * + +A more attractive book for boys and girls can scarcely be +imagined.--_N. Y. Times._ + +The best thing for a boy who cannot go to China and Japan is to get this +book and read it.--_Philadelphia Ledger._ + +One of the richest and most entertaining books for young people, both in +text, illustrations, and binding, which has ever come to our +table.--_Providence Press._ + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, N. Y. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +A BOOK FOR EVERYBODY. + + * * * * * + +Ninth Edition now Ready. + + * * * * * + +=HOW TO GET STRONG, AND HOW TO STAY SO.= By WILLIAM BLAIKIE. With +Illustrations. 16mo, Cloth, $1.00. + + * * * * * + +Your book is timely. Its large circulation cannot fail to be of great +public benefit.--Rev. HENRY WARD BEECHER. + +It is a book of extraordinary merit in matter and style, and does you +great credit as a thinker and writer.--Hon. CALVIN E. PRATT, _of the New +York Supreme Bench_. + +A capital little treatise. It is the very book for ministers to +study.--Rev. THEODORE L. CUYLER, D.D., _in New York Evangelist_. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +[Illustration] + +PUZZLE PICTURE. + + +The envelope in the middle of this picture is supposed to contain a +number of letters. These letters taken from the envelope, and correctly +placed before the several objects shown in the picture, will transform +them into wild animals. + + + + +THROWING LIGHT. + + +I am intangible; can't be seen, yet can be felt; am apparent to the +taste--certainly to the touch, for I am pocketed daily, and there is no +one who would not gladly grasp me at any time when offered; at the same +time, I am almost always disagreeable, and very rarely desired. Too much +of me is dangerous, and yet how could any one have too many of me? +though even a sip is more than any one craves. No one was ever heard to +say he was tired of me, and yet how many tears I have made children +shed! I am the means of making people happy, yet I am dangerous under +certain circumstances, though, to be sure, if I make people sick, I also +make them well. Once I made a dreadful disturbance in New York, but yet +I doubt if there is any city in this country where more of me, if as +many, pass from people's hands. + +I cost nothing, anybody can have me that wants me, yet no one if poor +can keep me, though I am easily bottled. You can't confine me, though +you can shut me out, for there is nothing to take hold of, but a little +package will hold many hundreds of me. I am a fluid, yet I am only air. +I can be made by a stroke of the pen, but the greatest care must be +exercised in making me properly; but when I am made artificially I am +not half as refreshing as when Nature makes me. You can carry me in your +pocket, but you can not take hold of me. You may swallow me, but you can +not touch me. What am I? Let some one else throw a light. + + * * * * * + +=Answer to Charade.=--Answer to Charade on page 146 of HARPER'S YOUNG +PEOPLE No. 13 is "Chart." + + + + +[Illustration: Fig. 1.] + +[Illustration: Fig. 2.] + +=Answer to the Elephant Puzzle.=--To solve the Elephant Puzzle presented +in No. 13 of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE make two cuts with the scissors as +shown by the white lines in Fig. 1, and transpose the section thus cut +out, placing it in the position shown by the white lines of Fig 2. + + + + +[Illustration] + + +IT BEING DICK'S BIRTHDAY, HE IS ALLOWED TO STAY HOME FROM SCHOOL. + + 1. Exploring the closets. + 2. Bread and butter, with plenty of sugar. + 3. Plays horse with the parlor chairs. + 4. "I've sawed the chair. What will mother say?" + 5. Ornaments the walls. + +_Result: On Dick's next Birthday he will go to School._ + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, February 3, 1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, FEB 3, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 28344-8.txt or 28344-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/3/4/28344/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, February 3, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: March 16, 2009 [EBook #28344] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, FEB 3, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_HOUSE-SPARROW"><b>THE HOUSE-SPARROW.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#A_BRAVE_PATRIOT"><b>A BRAVE PATRIOT.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#A_LATIN_WORD_SQUARE"><b>A LATIN WORD SQUARE.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#A_TERRIBLE_FISH"><b>A TERRIBLE FISH.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_STORY_OF_OBED_ORAH_AND_THE_SMOKING-CAP"><b>THE STORY OF OBED, ORAH, AND THE SMOKING-CAP.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#PUSSYS_KITTEN"><b>PUSSY'S KITTEN (?).</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_BOYS_AND_UNCLE_JOSH"><b>THE BOYS AND UNCLE JOSH.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#SHIPS_PAST_AND_PRESENT"><b>SHIPS PAST AND PRESENT.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#THE_RABBITS_FETE"><b>THE RABBITS' FÊTE.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#A_WISE_DOG"><b>A WISE DOG.</b></a></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><a href="#OUR_POST_OFFICE_BOX"><b>OUR POST-OFFICE BOX</b></a></td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">[Pg 153]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 1000px;"> +<img src="images/ill_001.jpg" width="1000" height="387" alt="Banner: Harper's Young People" title="" /> +</div> + +<hr style='width: 100%;' /> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Vol</span>. I.—<span class="smcap">No</span>. 14.</td><td align='center'><span class="smcap">Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York</span>.</td><td align='right'><span class="smcap">Price Four Cents</span>.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Tuesday, February 3, 1880.</td><td align='center'>Copyright, 1880, by <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span>.</td><td align='right'>$1.50 per Year, in Advance.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<hr style='width: 100%;' /> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 466px;"><a name="THE_HOUSE-SPARROW" id="THE_HOUSE-SPARROW"></a> +<img src="images/ill_002.jpg" width="466" height="600" alt="FEEDING THE SPARROWS." title="" /> +<span class="caption">FEEDING THE SPARROWS.</span> +</div> + +<h2>THE HOUSE-SPARROW.</h2> + +<p>The English house-sparrow, a pert, daring little bird, which is seen in +crowds in almost all cities of the Northern United States, was first +brought to this country about twenty years ago. It is said the first +specimens were liberated in Portland, Maine, where they immediately made +themselves at home, and began nest-building and worm-catching as eagerly +as when in their native air. Others were soon brought to New York city, +and set free in the parks. At that time New York, Brooklyn, and other +cities were suffering from a terrible visitor, the loathsome +measuring-worm, which made its appearance just as the trees had become +lovely with fresh spring green. It infested the streets in armies, hung +in horrible webs and festoons from the branches of the shade trees, and +ruined the beauty and comfort of the city during the pleasantest season +of the whole year. About the first of July, when the worm finished its +work, the trees appeared stripped and bare, as if scathed by fire, and a +second budding resulted only in scanty foliage late in the season. A +month after the worm disappeared, its moth—a small white creature, +<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">[Pg 154]</a></span>pretty enough except for its connections—fluttered by thousands +through the city, depositing its eggs for the worm of another year. +Desperate measures seemed necessary to stop this nuisance, and the +question of cutting down all the trees was seriously considered. But +relief was at hand. A gentleman, an Englishman, proposed an importation +of sparrows, and soon hundreds of these brown-coated little fellows were +set loose in different cities. They at once became public pets. Little +houses were nailed up on trees and balconies for them to nest in, +sidewalks and window-sills were covered with crumbs for their breakfast, +and boys were forbidden to stone them or molest them in any way.</p> + +<p>Now although the sparrow is very willing to feed on bread-crumbs and +seeds, and save itself the trouble of hunting for its dinner, by a wise +provision of nature the little ones, until they are fully fledged, can +eat only worms and small flies and bugs. As the sparrows have three or +four broods during the warm weather, they always have little ones to +feed at the very season when worms and other insects destructive to +vegetation are the most plentiful. An English naturalist states that in +watching a pair of sparrows feeding their little ones, he saw them bring +food to the nest from thirty to forty times every day, and each time +from two to six caterpillars or worms were brought. It is easy to see +from this estimate how quickly the tree worms would disappear, as proved +to be the case in the cities where the sparrows were set free.</p> + +<p>A very few years after they were introduced not a worm was to be seen. +The trees now grow undisturbed in their leafy beauty all through the +summer, and many children will scarcely remember the time when their +mothers went about the streets where shade trees grew carrying open +umbrellas in sunny days and starry evenings to protect themselves from +the constantly dropping worms.</p> + +<p>It is no wonder that every one is gratefully affectionate to the +sparrow. They are very social little birds, and are entirely happy amid +the noise and dirt and confusion of the crowded street. They are bold +and saucy too, and will stand in the pathway pecking at some stray crust +of bread until nearly run over, when they hop away, scolding furiously +at being disturbed. They are fond of bathing, and after a rain may be +seen in crowds fluttering and splashing in the pools of water in the +street. The cold winter does not molest them. They continue as plump and +jolly and independent as ever, and chirp and hop about as merrily on a +snowy day as during summer.</p> + +<p>In the New York city parks these little foreigners are carefully +provided for. Prettily built rustic houses may be seen all over Central +Park, put up for their especial accommodation. During the summer, when +doors and windows are open, the sparrows hold high revels in the Central +Park menagerie. They go fearlessly into the eagle's cage, bathe in his +water dish, and make themselves very much at home. In the cages occupied +by pigeons, pheasants, and other larger birds, the sparrows are often +troublesome thieves. They can easily squeeze through the coarse +net-work, and no sooner are the feed dishes filled with breakfast than +they crowd in and take possession, scolding and fluttering and darting +at the imprisoned pigeons and pheasants if they dare to approach.</p> + +<p>The smaller parks of New York city contain each about two hundred houses +for the sparrows. Some of them are of very simple construction, being +made of a piece of tin leader pipe about ten inches long, with a piece +of wood fitted in each end. A little round doorway is cut for the birds +to enter, and they seem perfectly happy in these primitive quarters. +Feed and water troughs are provided, and it is the duty of the park +keeper to fill them every morning. The birds know the feeding hour, and +come flying eagerly, pushing and scolding, and tumbling together in +their hurry for the first mouthful. The greedy little things eat all +day. School-children come trooping in, and share their luncheon with +them, and even idle and ragged loungers on the park benches draw crusts +of bread from their pockets, and throw the sparrows a portion of their +own scanty dinner.</p> + +<p>It is very easy to study the habits of the sparrow, for it is so bold +and sociable that if a little house is nailed up in a balcony, or by a +window where people are constantly sitting, a pair of birds will at once +take possession, bring twigs and bits of scattered threads and wool for +a nest, and proceed to rear their noisy little family. Chirp, chirp, +very loud and impatient, three or four little red open mouths appear at +the door of the house, the parent birds come flying with worms and +flies, and then for a little while the young ones take a nap and keep +quiet, when, they wake up again and renew their clamor for food.</p> + +<p>If houses are not provided, the sparrow will build in any odd corner—a +chink in the wall or in the nooks and eaves of buildings. A pair of +London sparrows once made their nest in the mouth of the bronze lion +over Northumberland House, at Charing Cross. They are very much attached +to their nest, and after the little speckled eggs are laid will cling to +it even under difficulties. The sailors of a coasting vessel once lying +in a Scotch port frequently observed two sparrows flying about the +topmast. One morning the vessel put to sea, when, to the astonishment of +the sailors, the sparrows followed, evidently bent upon making the +voyage. Crumbs being thrown on the deck, they soon became familiar, and +came boldly to eat, hopping about as freely as if on shore. A nest was +soon discovered built among the rigging. Fearing it might be demolished +by a high wind, at the first landing the sailors took it carefully down, +and finding that it contained four little ones, they carried it on shore +and left it in the crevice of a ruined house. The parent birds followed, +evidently well pleased with the change, and when the vessel sailed away +they remained with their young family.</p> + +<p>Much has been written about the mischievous doings of the sparrow, and +war has been waged against it to a certain extent both here and in +England. But the sparrow holds its ground well, and proves in many ways +that even if it may drive away robins, and injure grain fields now and +then, it more than balances these misdeeds by the thousands of +caterpillars, mosquitoes, and other insects which it destroys, thus +saving the life of countless trees and plants. The whole year round it +is the same active, bustling, jolly creature, and our cities would be +lonely and desolate without this little denizen of the street.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="A_BRAVE_PATRIOT" id="A_BRAVE_PATRIOT"></a>A BRAVE PATRIOT.</h2> + +<p>In 1780, after the fall of Charleston, the British commander had issued +a proclamation to the people of South Carolina, calling upon them to +return to their allegiance, and offering protection to all who did so. +The men inhabiting the tract of country stretching from the Santee to +the Pedee selected one of their number to repair to Georgetown, the +nearest British post, to ascertain the exact meaning of the offer, and +what was expected of them.</p> + +<p>In accordance with his instructions, Major John James sought an +interview with Captain Ardesoif, the commandant of Georgetown, and +demanded what was the meaning of the British protection, and upon what +terms the submission of the citizens was to be made.</p> + +<p>He was informed roughly that the only way to escape the hanging which +they so justly deserved was to take up arms in his Majesty's cause.</p> + +<p>James, not relishing the tone and manner of the British officer, coolly +replied that "the people whom he came to represent would scarcely submit +on such conditions."</p> + +<p>Ardesoif, unaccustomed to contradiction, and enraged at the worthy +major's use of the term "represent," which<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">[Pg 155]</a></span> smote harshly on his ears, +sprang to his feet, and, with his hand on his sword, exclaimed, +"Represent! If you dare speak in such language, I will have you hung at +the yard-arm."</p> + +<p>Major James was weaponless, but in his anger was equal to the occasion. +Seizing the chair upon which he had been sitting, he floored his +insulter at a blow, and giving his enemy no time to recover, mounted his +horse and escaped to the woods before pursuit could be attempted.</p> + +<p>His people soon assembled to hear his story, and their wrath was kindled +at hearing how their envoy had been received.</p> + +<p>Required to take the field, it needed not a moment to decide under which +banner, and the result was the formation of Marion's Brigade, which won +such fame in the swampy regions of the South.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="A_LATIN_WORD_SQUARE" id="A_LATIN_WORD_SQUARE"></a>A LATIN WORD SQUARE.</h2> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Behold my first! In her palmy days</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">(In the time of my <i>second</i>, you understand)</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">She had many poets who sang her praise,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Had soldiers and statesmen and wealth to amaze,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Her fame was unrivalled in many ways—</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">She had no equal in all the land.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Again to the time of my <i>second</i> refer,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">And spell that backward, my third behold—</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">A hero of monstrous strength. They aver</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">He held up a temple its fall to defer,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">And ate forty pounds (but I hope 'tis a slur)</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">Every day for his food, both hot and cold.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Now spell my first backward, my fourth appears,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">The greatest power of any time.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">All poets have sung of its hopes and fears,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">All men have known it with smiles and tears,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">It has ruled and will rule for years and years</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">In every nation and every clime.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Now take my word square and look all about,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">Sideways, across, and down the middle,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Not a word can be found there by spy or scout</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Which can not be spelled upside down, inside out,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">All in Latin, you know; but now I've no doubt</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">You've guessed every word of this easy riddle.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="A_TERRIBLE_FISH" id="A_TERRIBLE_FISH"></a>A TERRIBLE FISH.</h2> + +<p>Among the inhabitants of the sea which, from their size or strength, +have been termed "monarchs of the ocean," are the saw-fish and the +sword-fish, which are formidable enemies to the whale; but it is not +merely on their fellow-inhabitants of the deep that these powerful +fishes exercise their terrible strength. Some singular instances are +related of their attacking even the ships that intrude upon their watery +domain. An old sea-captain tells the following story:</p> + +<p>"Being in the Gulf of Paria, in the ship's cutter, I fell in with a +Spanish canoe, manned by two men, who were in great distress, and who +requested me to save their lines and canoe, with which request I +immediately complied, and going alongside for that purpose, I discovered +that they had got a large saw-fish entangled in their turtle net. It was +towing them out to sea, and but for my assistance they must have lost +either their canoe or their net, or perhaps both, and these were their +only means of subsistence. Having only two boys with me at the time in +the boat, I desired the fishermen to cut the fish away, which they +refused to do. I then took the bight of the net from them, and with the +joint endeavors of themselves and my boat's crew we succeeded in hauling +up the net, and to our astonishment, after great exertions, we raised +about eight feet of the saw of the fish above the surface of the sea. It +was a fortunate circumstance that the fish came up with his belly toward +the boat, or he would have cut it in two.</p> + +<p>"I had abandoned all idea of taking the fish, until, by great good luck, +it made toward the land, when I made another attempt, and having about +three hundred feet of rope in the boat, we succeeded in making a running +bow-line knot round the saw, and this we fortunately made fast on shore. +When the fish found itself secured, it plunged so violently that I could +not prevail on any one to go near it: the appearance it presented was +truly awful. I immediately went alongside the Lima packet, Captain +Singleton, and got the assistance of all his ship's crew. By the time +they arrived the fish was less violent. We hauled upon the net again, in +which it was still entangled, and got another three hundred feet of line +made fast to the saw, and attempted to haul it toward the shore; but +although mustering <i>thirty hands</i>, we could not move it an inch. By this +time the negroes belonging to a neighboring estate came flocking to our +assistance, making together about one hundred in number, with the +Spaniards. We then hauled on both ropes nearly all day before the fish +became exhausted. On endeavoring to raise the monster it became most +desperate, sweeping with its saw from side to side, so that we were +compelled to get strong ropes to prevent it from cutting us to pieces. +After that one of the Spaniards got on its back, and at great risk cut +through the joint of the tail, when the great fish died without further +struggle. It was then measured, and found to be twenty-two feet long and +eight feet broad, and weighed nearly five tons."</p> + +<p>An East Indiaman was once attacked by a sword-fish with such prodigious +force that its "snout" was driven completely through the bottom of the +ship, which must have been destroyed by the leak had not the animal +killed itself by the violence of its own exertions, and left its sword +imbedded in the wood. A fragment of this vessel, with the sword fixed +firmly in it, is preserved as a curiosity in the British Museum.</p> + +<p>Several instances of a similar character have occurred, and one formed +the subject of an action brought against an insurance company for +damages sustained by a vessel from the attack of one of these fishes. It +seems the <i>Dreadnought</i>, a first-class mercantile ship, left a foreign +port in perfect repair, and on the afternoon of the third day a +"monstrous creature" was seen sporting among the waves, and lines and +hooks were thrown overboard to capture it. All efforts to this effect, +however, failed: the fish got away, and in the night-time the vessel was +reported to be dangerously leaking. The captain was compelled to return +to the harbor he had left, and the damage was attributed to a +sword-fish, twelve feet long, which had assailed the ship below +water-line, perforated her planks and timbers, and thus imperilled her +existence on the ocean.</p> + +<p>Professor Owen, the distinguished naturalist, was called to give +evidence on this trial as to the probability of such an occurrence, and +he related several instances of the prodigious strength of the "sword." +It strikes with the accumulated force of fifteen double-handed hammers; +its velocity is equal to that of a swivel-shot, and it is as dangerous +in its effects as a heavy artillery projectile would be.</p> + +<p>The upper jaw of this fish is prolonged into a projecting flattened +snout, the greatest length of which is about six feet, forming a saw, +armed at each edge with about twenty large bony spines or teeth. Mr. +Yarrel mentions a combat that occurred on the west coast of Scotland +between a whale and some saw-fishes, aided by a force of "thrashers" +(fox-sharks). The sea was dyed in blood from the stabs inflicted by the +saw-fishes under the water, while the thrashers, watching their +opportunity, struck at the unwieldy monster as often as it rose to +breathe.</p> + +<p>The sword-fish is also furnished with a powerful weapon in the shape of +a bony snout about four or five feet long, not serrated like the +saw-fish, but of a much firmer consistency—in fact, the hardest +material known.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[Pg 156]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="THE_STORY_OF_OBED_ORAH_AND_THE_SMOKING-CAP" id="THE_STORY_OF_OBED_ORAH_AND_THE_SMOKING-CAP"></a>THE STORY OF OBED, ORAH, AND THE SMOKING-CAP.</h2> + +<h3>BY MRS. A. M. DIAZ.</h3> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/ill_003.jpg" width="300" height="302" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>A cozy room, a wood fire, bright andirons, and a waiting company. The +Family Story-Teller promised the children he would come, and the whole +circle, young, older, oldest, are expecting a good time; for the Family +Story-Teller can tell stories by the hour on any subject that may be +given him, from a flat-iron to a whale-ship. He once told about a +flat-iron—and nothing can be flatter than a flat-iron—a story half an +hour long. It began, "Once there was a flat-iron."</p> + +<p>But where is he? Has he forgotten? Did the snowstorm hinder? Has he +missed his horse-car? Hark! a stamping in the entry. Dick runs to open +the door, and shows Family Story-Teller upon the mat, tall and erect, +brushing the snow from his cloak, his whiskers, and his laughing eyes.</p> + +<p>Miss Flossie declared that he must be "judged" for coming so late.</p> + +<p>Said Dick, "I judge him to tell as many stories as we want."</p> + +<p>This judgment being thought too easy for a person like him, to make it +harder he was "judged" to tell the stories all about the same thing. It +was left to grandpa to say what this thing should be, and grandpa said, +with a laugh, "going to mill."</p> + +<p>"Very well," said Family Story-Teller, "I will begin at once, and tell +you the entertaining story of 'Obed, Orah, and the Smoking-Cap.'" He +then began as follows:</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>Once upon a time, in the pleasant village of Gilead, dwelt Mr. and Mrs. +Stimpcett, with their four young children—Moses, Obadiah (called Obed), +Deborah (called Orah), and little Cordelia. Mrs. Stimpcett, for money's +sake, took a summer boarder, Mr. St. Clair, a city young man, who wished +to behold the flowery fields, repose upon the dewy grass, and who had +also another reason for coming, which will be told presently.</p> + +<p>On the morning after Mr. St. Clair's arrival, Mrs. Stimpcett said to +grandma that, as the noise of four young children at once would be too +much for a summer boarder until he should become used to it, Obed and +Orah would go and spend the day with their grandfather's cousin, Mrs. +Polly Slater. Mrs. Polly Slater lived all alone by herself in a cottage +at another part of the village of Gilead. Obed was six and a half years +old, and Orah nearly five.</p> + +<p>The two children set forth early in the morning. Orah wore her pink +apron and starched sun-bonnet, and Obed wore his clean brown linen frock +and trousers, the frock skirt standing out stiff like a paper fan. As +his second best hat could not be found, and his first best was not to be +thought of, he was obliged to wear his third best, which had a torn +brim, and which he put on with tears and sniffles and loud complaints.</p> + +<p>It happened very curiously that as Obed and Orah were walking through +the orchard, Obed still sniffling, they saw, under a bush, a beautiful +smoking-cap. Obed quickly threw down his old hat, and put on the +smoking-cap in a way that the loose part hung off behind.</p> + +<p>This beautiful smoking-cap belonged to the summer boarder, and was +presented to him by a young lady who liked him very much. It was wrought +in a Persian pattern slightly mingled with the Greek, and was +embroidered with purple, yellow, crimson, Magenta, sage green, invisible +blue, écru, old gold, drab, and other shaded worsteds, dotted with +stitches of shining silk and beads of silver, the tassel alone +containing skeins of écru sewing silk. The young lady lived not very far +from Mr. Stimpcett's, and <i>she</i> was that other reason why Mr. St. Clair +became a summer boarder in the pleasant village of Gilead.</p> + +<p>Spry, the puppy dog, probably carried the smoking-cap to the orchard; +but all that is known with certainty is that Mr. St. Clair, the evening +before, then wearing the cap, reclined upon several chairs with his head +out of the window, gazing at the moon, and there fell asleep, and that, +as on account of the abundance of his hair it was a little too small, +the cap fell off his head, and that when he awoke the pain in the back +of his neck and the lateness of the hour caused him to forget all about +it.</p> + +<p>Now when Obed and Orah arrived at Mrs. Polly Slater's, they found her +doors shut and locked. Mr. Furlong, the man who lived in the next house, +called out to them, "Mrs. Polly Slater has borrowed a horse and cart, +and gone to mill; she will stay and eat dinner with your aunt Debby." +Then he added, "I am harnessing my horse to go to mill; how would you +like to go with me, and ride back with Mrs. Polly Slater in the +afternoon?"</p> + +<p>Obed and Orah liked this so much that they ran and clambered into the +cart as fast as they could, Orah climbing in over the spokes of a wheel. +Mr. Furlong fastened Obed's cap on by tying around it a stout piece of +line.</p> + +<p>When they had ridden several miles on their way to mill, they met a boy +on horseback galloping at a furious rate. The moment this boy saw Mr. +Furlong, he pulled up his horse—he nearly fell off behind in doing +so—and said he, "Mr. Furlong, your sister at Locust Point has heard bad +news, and wants to see you immediately."</p> + +<p>Mr. Furlong drove as fast as he could, until he came to the road which +turned off to Locust Point. Here he set the children down, and showed +Obed, not quite half a mile ahead of them, a large white building with a +flag flying from the top. "There," said he, "your aunt Debby, you know, +lives next to that white building. It is a straight road. I am sorry to +leave you. Keep out of the way of the horses, and go directly to her +house." Mr. Furlong then drove to Locust Point.</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 361px;"> +<img src="images/ill_004.jpg" width="361" height="400" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>Now after the two children had walked a short distance, they came to a +road which led across the road in which they were walking, and along +this cross-road were running boys and girls, some barefoot, some +bare-headed, some drawing baby carriages at such a rate that the babies +were nearly thrown out; and all that these boys and girls would say was, +"Baker's cart! baker's cart!" At last Obed and Orah found out that a +baker's cart had upset in coming through the woods, and had left +first-rate things to eat scattered all about. Our two children found a +whole half sheet of gingerbread, which was not sandy, to speak of; and +as they sat eating it, they looked through some bushes down a hill, and +saw there something which looked like a molasses cooky. They scrambled +down, the blackberry vines doing damage to their clothes, and found two +molasses cookies, and each took one. But before Orah had finished hers +she leaned her head on a grassy hummock, and fell asleep. When she +awoke, sad to relate, they turned the wrong way, and went farther and +farther and farther into the woods. After walking a long time, they came +to a brook, and stopped there to drink. They had to lie flat on the +ground, and suck up the water. Orah took off her shoes and stockings, +because there was sand in them, and dipped her feet in the brook. Obed +pulled hard, but he could not pull her stockings on over her wet feet, +and she had to carry them and her shoes in her hand. The woods became +thicker as the children walked on, and the trees taller. Obed began to +cry. "Oh dear!" he said; "we are lost! we are lost!"<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[Pg 157]</a></span></p> + +<p>"Oh, I want to see my ma! I do! I do!" said Orah, and burst out crying. +Crying?—roaring!—so the man said who heard it.</p> + +<p>This was a charcoal man who happened along just then, driving an empty +charcoal cart. He kindly asked them where they lived, and whither they +were going. After Obed had told him, he said to them, "You poor little +children! You are dirty and ragged, and you are a long way from your +aunt Debby's. I shall pass near your father's house, and would you like +to take a ride with me?" Then, as they seemed willing, he helped them +into his cart, dropping them at the bottom as the safest place. Obed, +however, by putting his toes into knot-holes and cracks, climbed high +enough to put his head over the top, and Orah found a loose board which +she could shove aside, and so push her head through and look up at Obed.</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_005.jpg" width="400" height="260" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p>Now as they were rattling down a steep hill not a great way from home, a +slender young lady started from the sidewalk, and ran after them, +shouting and waving her parasol in the most frantic manner. The charcoal +man did not hear her. This frantic and slender young lady was the young +lady who made for Mr. St. Clair the smoking-cap done in the Persian +pattern slightly mingled with the Greek, and embroidered with the shaded +worsteds before mentioned, mingled with stitches of silk and beads of +silver.</p> + +<p>It is not strange that upon seeing that smoking-cap, which had cost her +so much time and labor and money, appearing over the top of a charcoal +cart on the head of a sooty little boy—it is not strange, I say, that +the slender young lady went to Mr. St. Clair and asked what it all +meant. She found Mr. St. Clair sitting upon the door-step, watching the +sunset sky. Mr. St. Clair declared that he had spent the whole day in +looking for the smoking-cap, and that it must have been stolen. Mr. and +Mrs. Stimpcett came out, and said <i>they</i> had been looking for the cap +all day, and had felt badly on account of its loss. At this moment, +grandma, who was confined to her room with rheumatism, called down from +a chamber window that there were two little beggar children coming round +the barn—colored children, she thought.</p> + +<p>"Why," cried the slender young lady, "that's the very boy!"</p> + +<p>Mr. St. Clair rushed out to the barn. Just as he left the door-step who +should drive up to the gate and come in but Mrs. Polly Slater. "I have +been to the mill," said she, "and I came home by this road, thinking you +would like to hear from Debby."</p> + +<p>"But where are Obed and Orah?" cried Mrs. Stimpcett, in alarm.</p> + +<p>"I have not seen them," said Mrs. Polly Slater.</p> + +<p>As she said this, Mr. Furlong stopped at the gate. He said that as he +was passing by he thought he would ask how Obed and Orah got on in +finding their aunt Debby's.</p> + +<p>"<i>Aunt Debby's</i>!" cried Mr. Stimpcett, Mrs. Stimpcett, grandma, and Mrs. +Polly Slater—"<i>Aunt Debby's</i>!"</p> + +<p>On hearing at what place Mr. Furlong had left her children, Mrs. +Stimpcett fainted and fell upon the ground. Then all the people tried to +revive her. The slender young lady fanned with her parasol, Mrs. Polly +Slater fetched the camphor bottle, Mr. Furlong pumped, Mr. Stimpcett +threw dipperfuls of water—though owing to his agitation not much of it +touched her face—and grandma called down from the chamber window what +should be done.</p> + +<p>In the confusion no one noticed the approach of a newcomer. This was the +charcoal man, bringing shoes and stockings. "Here are your little girl's +shoes and stockings," said he. "She left them in my cart."</p> + +<p>"They are not <i>my</i> little girl's," said Mr. Stimpcett, throwing a +dipperful of water on the ground.</p> + +<p>"She said she was your little girl," said the charcoal man. "But there +she is"—pointing to the barn; "you can see for yourself."</p> + +<p>Mr. Stimpcett ran to the barn, and was amazed to find that the two +beggar children were his Obed and Orah. Mr. St. Clair was scolding them, +and the tears were running down their cheeks in narrow paths. Mr. +Stimpcett led them quickly to Mrs. Stimpcett. Seeing their mother +stretched as if dead upon the ground, they both screamed, "Ma! ma! +m—a!"</p> + +<p>The well-known sounds revived her. She opened her eyes, raised herself, +and caught the children in her arms.</p> + +<p>The slender young lady advised that the smoking-cap be hung out-doors in +a high wind, and afterward cleansed with naphtha. The clothes of Obed +and Orah were also hung out, and Mr. Stimpcett, for fun, arranged them +in the forms of two scarecrows, which scared so well that the birds flew +far away. The consequence was an enormous crop of cherries, all of +which, except a few for sauce, Mr. Stimpcett sent to the charcoal man.</p> + +<p>Mr. St. Clair and the slender young lady were married the next year at +cherry-time, and it was said that during their honey-moon they subsisted +chiefly upon cherries. And now my story's done.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>"How is this, Mr. Story-Teller?" cried the children's mamma. "The story +is a story, no doubt, but it can not be counted in, for Obed and Orah +did not really go to mill."</p> + +<p>Family Story-Teller said, looking around with a calm smile, that he +could tell plenty more, and that in his next one Grandma Stimpcett +should really go to mill, and should meet with surprising adventures.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">[Pg 158]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="PUSSYS_KITTEN" id="PUSSYS_KITTEN"></a>PUSSY'S KITTEN (?).</h2> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Once a tiny little rabbit strayed from home away;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Far from woodland haunts she wandered, little rabbit gray.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Our old Tabby cat, whilst sitting at the kitchen door,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Thought she saw her long-lost kitten home returned once more.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Gave a pounce, and quickly caught it, with a happy mew,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Ere the frightened little wanderer quite knew what to do.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Gently Tabby brought her treasure to the old door-mat,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Purred, and rubbed and licked and smoothed it—motherly old cat!</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">But what puzzled pussy truly, and aroused her fears,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Was the length to which had grown her kitten's once small ears.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Most amazing, most alarming, was that sight to her;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Green and round her eyes were swelling, stiff and straight her fur.</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">"Poor wee kitty! what a pity you're deformed!" thought she;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">"Surely this has somehow happened since you went from me.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">But you're welcome home, my kitten; mother's love is strong,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Though I will confess I wish your ears were not so long."</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">So the tiny little rabbit grew contented quite,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">And our visitors like to call and see the pretty sight</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Of nice old Tabby playing with her rabbit-kitty gray;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">And she doesn't dream of her mistake, although, the truth to say,</span><br /> +<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Her own true kitten went the road that many kittys go;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">For John the coachman took it to the horse-pond just below.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">But I think it is most cruel to drown a little cat;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 19em;">And I trust all girls and boys will have too much heart for that.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="THE_BOYS_AND_UNCLE_JOSH" id="THE_BOYS_AND_UNCLE_JOSH"></a>THE BOYS AND UNCLE JOSH.</h2> + +<h3>BY W. O. STODDARD.</h3> + +<p>"Hey Billy, my boy! Going skating?"</p> + +<p>"Yes, Uncle Josh, Joe Pearce and me. The big pond's frozen solid."</p> + +<p>"Is it safe?"</p> + +<p>"Charley Shadders he says it's twenty feet thick in some places."</p> + +<p>"Twenty feet thick! I declare! That's pretty thick ice. How did he +know?"</p> + +<p>"I don't know. I guess he guessed at it. He's an awful guesser."</p> + +<p>"I should say he was. Twenty feet thick! Why, Billy, the water's only +five feet deep in summer."</p> + +<p>"Oh, but," exclaimed Joe Pearce, who had been listening with all the +eagerness of twelve years old, "it swells water to freeze it, Uncle +Josh."</p> + +<p>"So it does, so it does. But I never heard of a swell like that." And +Uncle Josh—for he was uncle to all the small boys in the village—shook +his fat sides with laughter, but it was not all about the remarkable +ice, for his next question was, "But, Billy, you've put all your skating +on one foot. How's that?"</p> + +<p>"'Cause it's all in one skate."</p> + +<p>"Well, it's big enough. Why don't you divide it, and give the other foot +a fair share?"</p> + +<p>"I've put mine on the other foot," shouted Joe, trying to balance +himself on one leg and hold up an uncommonly large skate for inspection.</p> + +<p>How those skates were strapped on! They were even steadied with pieces +of rope, and had bits of wood and leather stuffed in under the straps to +make them fit.</p> + +<p>"You see, Uncle Josh," explained Billy, "my brother Bob he went away to +college, and left his skates, 'cause, he said, the college was out of +ice this winter. And Joe Pearce he didn't have any. And Christmas forgot +to give me any. And so we divided 'em, and took the sled, and we're +going to the big pond."</p> + +<p>"That was fair. Only you haven't divided the sled."</p> + +<p>"The sled won't divide," said Joe, with a solemn shake of his curly +head; "but I'd like to divide my skate with my other foot."</p> + +<p>"I'll tell you what, boys," suddenly exclaimed Uncle Josh, "let's have a +little Christmas of our own."</p> + +<p>"Have you got any?" asked Billy.</p> + +<p>"I guess I have. Come right along to the store with me."</p> + +<p>"Come on, Joe. Keep your skate on. Don't limp any more'n you can help."</p> + +<p>But both he and Joe cut a queer figure as they followed Uncle Josh up +the street; for when a boy makes one of his legs longer than the other, +and slips and slides on that foot, it makes a good deal of difference in +the way he walks.</p> + +<p>Everybody knew Uncle Josh, and although he was a deacon and a very good +man, everybody expected to see a smile on his face, and to hear him +chuckle over something when they met him. So nobody was half so much +surprised as Joe and Billy were, and their surprise did not come to them +until they reached the store. But it came then.</p> + +<p>"Skates for these boys," said Uncle Josh, as they went in. "One for each +foot, all around. Straps too."</p> + +<p>That was it, and now the boys were doing more chuckling than Uncle Josh +himself.</p> + +<p>"Billy," asked Joe, "do you know what to say?"</p> + +<p>"Why, we must thank him."</p> + +<p>"Yes, I s'pose so. But that doesn't seem to be half enough."</p> + +<p>"Can't we thank him big, somehow?"</p> + +<p>"Enough for two pair of skates?"</p> + +<p>"That's so. We can't do it."</p> + +<p>They had to give it up; but they did their best, and Uncle Josh cut them +short in the middle of it.</p> + +<p>"Come, come, boys, we can't stay here all day. There won't be another +Saturday again for a week, and then it may rain. Don't put your skates +on. Wait till we get to the pond. Bring along the big ones. They'll do +for me."</p> + +<p>"Why, are you going, Uncle Josh?"</p> + +<p>"Of course I am. If the ice is twenty feet thick, I want to skate on it. +That kind of ice'll bear anybody."</p> + +<p>And so the boys tied the big skates upon the sled, and were starting +off, when Uncle Josh exclaimed:</p> + +<p>"No, boys, give 'em to me. I haven't had a pair of skates in my hand for +twenty years. I want to see how it would seem to carry them."</p> + +<p>There were not a great many people to be met in a small village like +that, but every one they did meet had a smile for Uncle Josh and his +skates, till they reached the miller's house, just this side of the +pond. And there was Mrs. Sanders, the miller's wife, sweeping the least +bit of snow from her front stoop.</p> + +<p>"Joe," said Billy, "do you see that?"</p> + +<p>"And Charley Shadders was guessing, then. He said snow wouldn't light on +her stoop."</p> + +<p>"There isn't but mighty little of it, and it didn't cost her anything."</p> + +<p>But just at that moment Mrs. Sanders was resting on her broom, and +looking very severely at Uncle Josh, and saying,</p> + +<p>"Now, Deacon Parmenter, where are you going with those boys? Skates, +too, at your time of life."</p> + +<p>"Good-morning, Sister Sanders. I declare, if you'll go with us, I'll +trot right back and get a pair of skates for you. I'd like to see a +good-looking young woman like you—"</p> + +<p>"Deacon Parmenter! Me? To go skating? With you and a couple of boys? I +never!"</p> + +<p>But she did not look half so angry as she did at first. She was a plump +and rosy woman; but she had a pointed nose, and her lips were thin. +Billy whispered to Joe Pearce, "Aunt Sally says it'd keep any woman's +lips thin to work 'em as hard as Mrs. Sanders does hers."</p> + +<p>They were almost smiling just now, for Uncle Josh went on: "Now, Sister +Sanders, I know it's a little queer for an old fellow like me, but it's +just the thing for young folks. Just you say the word, and you shall +have 'em. You're looking nicely this morning, Sister Sanders."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">[Pg 159]</a></span></p> + +<p>"Billy," whispered Joe, "how red in the face Uncle Josh is getting!"</p> + +<p>"So is she," said Billy. "If he goes on that way, she'll come along and +spoil the fun."</p> + +<p>"No, she won't."</p> + +<p>Joe was right, for Mrs. Sanders brought her broom down on the front step +with a great bang with one hand, and she smoothed her front hair with +the other, as she answered Uncle Josh: "No, Deacon Parmenter, I couldn't +bring myself to set such an example. You must take good care of the +boys, and see that they do not get into any mischief. If I was their +mothers, I'd feel safer about them to know you was with 'em."</p> + +<p>Uncle Josh had a spell of coughing just then, and it seemed to last him +till he and the boys were away past the miller's house, and going down +the slope toward the pond.</p> + +<p>It was frozen beautifully, for the weather had been bitterly cold, +without any snow to speak of. The pond was all one glare and glitter, +and more than twenty men and boys were already at work on it, darting +around, like birds on their ringing, spinning, gliding skates. Only that +some of the smaller boys put one more in mind of tumbler pigeons than of +any other kind of birds.</p> + +<p>It was quite wonderful how quickly Joe and Billy had their new skates +on, and Uncle Josh looked immensely pleased to see how well they both +knew how to use them.</p> + +<p>"Why, boys, you haven't tumbled down once. How's that?"</p> + +<p>"Oh, we know how," said Billy; "and the ice is great. Thick ice always +skates better'n thin ice."</p> + +<p>But Uncle Josh had seated himself on the sled, and was hard at work +trying to put on Brother Bob's big skates.</p> + +<p>They fitted him well enough, but he seemed to have a deal of trouble in +getting hold of the straps.</p> + +<p>"Seems as if my feet were further away from me than they were twenty +years ago."</p> + +<p>"Joe," said Billy, "let's help. We can strap 'em for him."</p> + +<p>"That's good, boys. Pull tight. Tighter. Let me stamp a little. +There—one hole tighter. Now buckle."</p> + +<p>And so they went on, till Uncle Josh's skates were strapped, as Joe +Pearce said, "so they couldn't wiggle."</p> + +<p>"That's all right," said Uncle Josh. "Now, you boys, just skate away, +anywhere, and I'll enjoy myself."</p> + +<p>They hardly liked to leave him, but off they went, for the boys to whom +they wanted to show their new skates were away over on the other side of +the pond.</p> + +<p>"I don't know if this ice is twenty feet thick," muttered Uncle Josh, as +he pulled his feet under him, "but it looks twenty miles slippery. Ice +on this pond always freezes with the slippery side up. Steady, now. +There! I'm glad I've got the sled to sit down on."</p> + +<p>It was well it was a good strong sled, with thick ice under it, for +Uncle Josh sat down pretty hard, and he was a fat, jolly, heavy sort of +man.</p> + +<p>He sat right still and laughed for a whole minute, and then he tried it +again.</p> + +<p>This time he succeeded in standing up, and he was just saying to +himself, "I wish Jemima Sanders had come along to see me skate," when +one of his feet began to slip away from him.</p> + +<p>"I know how," he shouted. "There's no help for it. I must strike right +out."</p> + +<p>So he did, and his first slide carried him nearly a rod on that one +skate before he could get the other one down. He did that, however, and +it worked finely, for he had been a good skater when he was a young man. +He had kept hold of the rope-handle of the sled, and it was following +him. That is, when he struck out with a foot he swung his long arms too, +and the sled swung around on the ice as if it was half crazy.</p> + +<p>"What can be the matter with my ankles?" he said to himself. "They used +to be good ankles."</p> + +<p>No doubt; but then the last time he had skated before that, they had not +had so much to carry.</p> + +<p>"Billy," exclaimed Joe Pearce, "Uncle Josh is agoing!"</p> + +<p>"How he does go! Ain't I glad it's thick ice!"</p> + +<p>"Let's go. Come on, boys."</p> + +<p>Other eyes than theirs had been watching Uncle Josh, for everybody knew +him, and nobody had ever seen him skate, and Joe and Billy were followed +by almost all the boys on the pond.</p> + +<p>"Hurrah for Uncle Josh!"</p> + +<p>"Can't he skate, though!"</p> + +<p>"See him go."</p> + +<p>Right across the pond, as if he were in a desperate hurry to reach the +opposite bank before the ice could melt under him, went Uncle Josh, and +with him, all around him, swung the sled.</p> + +<p>It may have served as a sort of balance-wheel, and helped to steady him, +but it could not steer him. Neither could he steer himself, and the next +thing he knew he was headed down the pond, and skating for dear life +toward the dam.</p> + +<p>"If I stop, I shall come down," he said, with a sort of gasp. "I'm +getting out of breath. Good! I'm pointed for the shore again, and +there's a snow-bank."</p> + +<p>All the boys were racing after him now, but they had stopped shouting in +their wonder at what could have got into Uncle Josh. He himself was +beginning to feel very warm, for it was a good while since he had done +so much work in so short a time.</p> + +<p>"Here comes the shore!" But just as he said it, there he was, and the +skate he was sliding on caught in a chip on the ice.</p> + +<p>The wind had been at work to keep the pond clean when it piled that +snow-bank, and had left it all heaped up, white and soft and deep, and +into it went Uncle Josh, head first, while the sled was pitched a rod +beyond him.</p> + +<p>"Get the sled, Billy," said Joe.</p> + +<p>"He skated himself right ashore."</p> + +<p>"Guess he isn't hurt."</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 482px;"> +<img src="images/ill_006.jpg" width="482" height="600" alt=""HURT? NO, INDEED!"" title="" /> +<span class="caption">"HURT? NO, INDEED!"</span> +</div> + +<p>"Hurt? No, indeed!" shouted Uncle Josh, as he came up again through the +snow. "That's the way we used to skate when I was a boy. Billy, where's +that sled?"</p> + +<p>He did not seem in any hurry to stand up, but Joe Pearce found his hat, +and handed it to him.</p> + +<p>"Thank you, Joseph. Billy, you may bring the sled right here in front of +me."</p> + +<p>"He wants to sit down," said one of the boys.</p> + +<p>"He's sitting down now," said Joe. But Billy brought the sled, and Uncle +Josh carefully worked himself forward upon it, and began to brush away +the snow.</p> + +<p>"I'm as white as a miller," he chuckled to himself. "Boys, I guess you +may do the rest of my skating for me to-day."</p> + +<p>"Don't those skates fit?" asked Joe.</p> + +<p>"Oh yes, they fit well enough. It's the ice that doesn't fit. It's too +wide for me."</p> + +<p>"Well," said Billy, "we'll pull you across. Take hold, boys."</p> + +<p>"I declare!" began Uncle Josh; but the boys had seized the rope, and +were off in a twinkling.</p> + +<p>"It's fun," they heard him mutter; "but what would Sister Sanders say?"</p> + +<p>"There she is!" exclaimed Billy, "right down by the shore. She's come to +see us skate."</p> + +<p>"Hold on, boys! hold on! Let me get my skates off."</p> + +<p>But there were so many boys pulling and pushing around that sled that +before they could all let go and stop it, the pond had been nearly +crossed, and there was Mrs. Sanders.</p> + +<p>Uncle Josh did not seem to see her at all, and only said, "Now, boys, +just unbuckle my skates for me, will you?"</p> + +<p>It would have been done more quickly if there had not<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">[Pg 160]</a></span> been so many to +help, and by the time one skate was loose, Uncle Josh was laughing +again.</p> + +<p>"Deacon Parmenter!"</p> + +<p>"Is that you, Sister Sanders? They're all safe—every boy of them. Just +wait a moment now, and they'll be ready for you."</p> + +<p>"Ready for me! What can you mean? I'm just amazed and upset, Deacon +Parmenter. A man like you, to be cutting up in such a way as this!"</p> + +<p>"There they are, Sister Sanders. You can put 'em right on. Come and sit +down on the sled. They're a little large for me, but they'll just fit +you; I know they will."</p> + +<p>Uncle Josh had very carefully risen to his feet, and was holding out to +her Brother Bob's big skates, straps and all. Her face grew very rosy +indeed as she looked at them.</p> + +<p>"Fit me!" she exclaimed—"those things fit me! Why, Deacon Parmenter, +what can you mean?"</p> + +<p>"Too small, eh? Well, now, I'd ha' thought—"</p> + +<p>But Mrs. Sanders turned right around and marched away toward her own +house without saying another word.</p> + +<p>"Boys," said Uncle Josh, "the skating is fine, but there isn't any more +of it than you'll want. Billy, take care of Brother Bob's skates for +him. I hope you'll all have a good time."</p> + +<p>He was edging and sliding along toward the shore while he was talking, +and the last they heard him say was,</p> + +<p>"I can skate well enough, but I'm afraid somebody else'll have to do my +walking for me for a week or two."</p> + +<p>"He's just the best man in the village," said Joe Pearce.</p> + +<p>"So he is," said Billy; "but I'm glad the ice was thick. What would we +have done if he'd broken through?"</p> + +<p>"That's why fat men like him don't skate, Billy. Did you see what a hole +he made in that there snow-bank?"</p> + +<p>He had, and so had the rest, but they all skated a race across the pond +to take another look at it, and wonder how he ever managed to get out.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">[Pg 161]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h3><a name="SHIPS_PAST_AND_PRESENT" id="SHIPS_PAST_AND_PRESENT"></a>SHIPS PAST AND PRESENT.—[<span class="smcap">See Page 162</span>.]</h3> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_007.jpg" width="400" height="344" alt="SHIPS OF COLUMBUS." title="" /> +<span class="caption">SHIPS OF COLUMBUS.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_008.jpg" width="400" height="331" alt="NORWEGIAN SHIP OF THE TENTH CENTURY." title="" /> +<span class="caption">NORWEGIAN SHIP OF THE TENTH CENTURY.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_009.jpg" width="400" height="348" alt="THE FIRST OCEAN STEAM-SHIP." title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE FIRST OCEAN STEAM-SHIP.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_010.jpg" width="400" height="326" alt="THE "MAYFLOWER."" title="" /> +<span class="caption">THE "MAYFLOWER."</span> +</div> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_011.jpg" width="400" height="346" alt="OCEAN STEAM-SHIP OF TO-DAY." title="" /> +<span class="caption">OCEAN STEAM-SHIP OF TO-DAY.</span> +</div> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_012.jpg" width="400" height="328" alt="AMERICAN CLIPPER SHIP." title="" /> +<span class="caption">AMERICAN CLIPPER SHIP.</span> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 45%;" /> +<h2>SHIPS PAST AND PRESENT.</h2> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[Pg 162]</a></span></p> + +<p>On page 161 are given illustrations of six different styles of vessels, +all of which are correct drawings of ships that in different ages have +acted important parts in the history of this continent.</p> + +<p>The upper right-hand picture represents a Norwegian war ship of the +tenth century, and in such a one Scandinavian traditions assert that, +early in the eleventh century, Olaf Ericsson and his hardy crew sailed +into the unknown west for many a day, until at length they reached the +shores of America. On the authority of these same traditions, some +people assert that the structure known as the "old stone mill of +Newport" was erected by this same Olaf Ericsson, and left by him as a +monument of his discovery.</p> + +<p>If Ericsson and his men did make the voyage across the unknown ocean, it +was a very brave thing for them to do, for as the picture shows their +ship was a very small affair when compared with the magnificent vessels +of to-day, and was ill fitted to battle with the storms of the Atlantic. +She was of about ten tons burden, or as large as an oyster sloop of +to-day, and carried a crew of twenty-five men. A single mast was stepped +amidships, and this supported the one large square sail which was all +that ships of those days carried. Well forward of the mast was a single +bank of oars, or long sweeps, that were used when the wind was +unfavorable, or during calms.</p> + +<p>Although this style of craft appears very queer to us, in those days it +was considered the perfection of marine architecture, and in these +little ships the fierce Scandinavian Vikings, or sea-rovers, became the +scourge and terror of the Northern seas.</p> + +<p>The upper left-hand picture represents three ships very different in +style from the first, but still looking very queer and clumsy. They are +the ships in which, in—who can tell the date?—"Columbus crossed the +ocean blue," and made that discovery of America which history records as +the first. These caravels, as they were called, were named the <i>Santa +Maria</i>, <i>Pinta</i>, and <i>Nina</i>. The first-named was much larger than the +others, and was commanded by Columbus in person; but large as she was +then considered, she would now be thought very small for a man-of-war, +as she was, for she was only ninety feet in length. She had four masts, +of which two were fitted with square and two with lateen sails, and her +crew consisted of sixty-six men. In old descriptions of this vessel it +is mentioned that she was provided with eight anchors, which seems a +great many for so small a ship to carry. The other two vessels were much +smaller, and were open except for a very short deck aft. They were each +provided with three masts, rigged with lateen-sails.</p> + +<p>From this time forth a rapid improvement took place in the building of +ships. They were made larger and stronger, as well as more comfortable; +a reduction was made in the absurd height of the stern, or poop, and +much useless ornamentation about the bows and stern was done away with.</p> + +<p>In the third picture is shown a model ship of the seventeenth century, +which is none other than the <i>Mayflower</i>, in which, in 1620, the +Pilgrims crossed the ocean in search of a place for a new home, which +they finally made for themselves at Plymouth.</p> + +<p>During the eighteenth century trade increased so rapidly between the +American colonies and the mother country that the demand for ships was +very great, and the sailing vessels built then and early in the present +century have not since been excelled for speed or beauty. But a great +change was about to take place; and early in this century people began +to say that before long ships would be able to sail without either the +aid of wind or oars, and in 1807 Robert Fulton built the first +steamboat. Twelve years later the first ocean steamer was built, and +made a successful voyage across the Atlantic. She was named the +<i>Savannah</i>, and our fourth picture shows what she looked like.</p> + +<p>The last two pictures are those of a full-rigged clipper ship of to-day +under all sail, and one of the magnificent ocean steamers that ply so +swiftly between New York and Liverpool, making in eight or nine days the +voyage that it took the <i>Savannah</i> thirty days to make.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="THE_RABBITS_FETE" id="THE_RABBITS_FETE"></a>THE RABBITS' FÊTE.</h2> + +<h3>BY MRS. E. P. PERRIN.</h3> + +<p>"Good-night, little girl. Go to nurse, and ask her to pop you right into +bed."</p> + +<p>The front door was shut, and Ellie hurried up stairs to the great hall +window, and looked out to see her mamma and pretty Aunt Janet get into +the sleigh and drive off. "Hark!" she says to herself, "how nice the +bells sound! They keep saying,</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">'Jingle bells, jingle bells,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 26em;">Jingle all the way;</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Oh, what fun it is to ride</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 26em;">In a one-horse open sleigh!'</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>It's just as light as day out-doors. The moon makes the snow look like +frosted cake. I can see the croquet ground as plain as can be, and it +looks like a great square loaf. There's the arbor, and the seats in it +have white cushions on them. How funny it would be to play croquet on +the ice! Only the balls would go so fast we should have to put on skates +to catch them. I can see ever and ever so far—'way over to the woods +where Jack sets his traps. He says they are chock-full of rabbits; but I +don't believe him, for he never catches any. What's that moving on the +edge of the grove? What can it be? Oh, it's lots of them! They are +coming this way, and I can hear them laughing and talking."</p> + +<p>Ellie watched, and soon saw a troop of rabbits hopping along toward the +lawn.</p> + +<p>"Why, I do believe it is a rabbit party. How lucky it is I haven't gone +to bed!"</p> + +<p>On they came, chattering in the funniest way, and dressed in the top of +the fashion. One who seemed to be the leader said: "Ladies and +gentlemen, this is the spot. You see how level it is for dancing, and we +can have a game at croquet if you choose. The band will now strike up; +and take partners, if you please, for a waltz."</p> + +<p>Ellie wondered where the band was, but the strains of "Sweet Evelina, +dear Evelina," came floating on the air, and, looking up, she saw two +crows perched on the bar from which the swing hung in summer. One had a +little fiddle, and the other a flute.</p> + +<p>"That's the queerest thing yet," thought Ellie. "The idea of a crow +being able to play on anything, when they make such a horrid noise +cawing! The night crows must be different from the day ones."</p> + +<p>After the waltz was ended, and the couples were promenading, Ellie took +a good look at the young ladies and their lovely dresses. There was one +so beautiful she was charmed by her. She was as fair as a lily, and so +gentle and sweet Ellie called her the belle of the ball. A little gray +fellow never left her side, and could not do enough for her. He called +her Alicia, and Ellie did not wonder he seemed so fond of her. She +noticed, too, a tall young lady who had a white face with a black nose. +She looked very cross, but was much dressed in a scarlet silk, with a +long train, which gave her no end of trouble, for it was always in the +way. Ellie heard her say, in the crossest way: "I suppose Alicia thinks +she looks well to-night with that high comb in her head. I call her a +perfect fright."</p> + +<p>"You only say so because you haven't one," answered her companion. "I +think it is very becoming, and it makes her veil float out beautifully +behind."<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[Pg 163]</a></span></p> + +<p>The leader called out, "Take partners for the Lancers!" and they quickly +formed into sets.</p> + +<p>They danced to perfection; even the "grand square" was got through +without a blunder. The leader was unlucky enough to step upon the +scarlet train, and its wearer turned upon him, crying out: "I do wish, +Mr. Hopkins, you wouldn't be so clumsy! You will tear my dress off me."</p> + +<p>He humbly begged her pardon, but told his partner he should look out and +not get in the same set with Matilda again; she was as disagreeable as +ever. "Just because her grandmother was French, she gives herself great +airs. She is no better than the rest of us."</p> + +<p>After the Lancers was finished, Matilda went to the arbor to get her +train pinned up. It was sadly torn. While one of the matrons was at work +upon it, Ellie listened to the conversation.</p> + +<p>"Why isn't Mrs. Gray here to-night?" asked one.</p> + +<p>"Don't you know she has eight little ones a week old to-day?"</p> + +<p>"Oh, indeed! Her hands must be full. I have been so busy with my own +affairs, I know nothing about my neighbors'. But who is that who has +just arrived? Mr. Hopkins will surely break his neck trying to get to +him."</p> + +<p>"That must be Lord Lepus; he belongs to the Hare family, one of the most +aristocratic in England. I heard he was to be invited. What an honor!—a +nobleman at our New-Year's fête."</p> + +<p>Matilda grew impatient, and pulled her dress away, saying, "That will +do; I hope you've been long enough about it," and without a word of +thanks hurried to join the young people.</p> + +<p>"How very rude she is!" thought Ellie. "I always thought that French +people were polite."</p> + +<p>Her attention was drawn to the new arrival. "He must be what Jack calls +a swell," thought she, "with that long coat almost touching his heels, +and his button-hole bouquet of carnations, heliotrope, and smilax. How +does he keep that one eyeglass in his eye? It never moves, and yet he +skips about like a grasshopper."</p> + +<p>"Shall I present your lordship to one of the ladies?" asked Mr. Hopkins. +"Any of them will be only too happy to dance with you."</p> + +<p>"Aw, really now!" answered Lord Lepus. "'Pon my word, they are all such +charming creatures, it is hard to choose. Who is the little one with the +blue veil standing with the gentleman in demi-toilet of gray?"</p> + +<p>"That is Alicia. The gentleman is Mr. Golightly. They are to be married +soon."</p> + +<p>"How extremely interesting! Pray present me."</p> + +<p>His lordship secured the blushing Alicia for a waltz, and was so well +pleased with his partner he danced with her again and again.</p> + +<p>After the last dance, Ellie saw Mr. Hopkins setting out the wickets for +croquet. The balls were lady apples with different colored ribbons tied +to the stems, and the mallets were cat-o'-nine-tails, with the pussy end +going the other way.</p> + +<p>"Well," thought she, "I don't see but that rabbits know as much as +people. I wonder how they will play."</p> + +<p>She did not have to wonder long, for they were at it almost before she +had done thinking. Lord Lepus was a fine player. Alicia was his partner, +and with his help her balls went flying through the wickets in a +twinkling. Golightly and Matilda were in the same game, and did their +prettiest; but his lordship was too much for them.</p> + +<p>At last when Alicia sent Matilda's ball spinning, and struck the stake +for her partner and then for herself, Matilda flew in a rage, and +lifting her mallet, struck Alicia a blow on the head, which drove the +teeth of her comb down into the pretty white skin. Poor Alicia gave one +cry, and dropped senseless. Golightly was beside himself with grief, and +pushing Lord Lepus aside as he sprang to her aid, cried, "Away! away! +You took her from me in life: she is mine in death."</p> + +<p>"I beg pardon—" politely began his lordship, but was interrupted by +Mrs. Muff, Alicia's chaperon, who calmly ordered Golightly to stop his +noise, and help Mr. Hopkins carry her charge to the arbor.</p> + +<p>"Oh, what shall we do?" groaned Golightly, beating his brow with his +hand.</p> + +<p>"Do," repeated Mrs. Muff; "why, send for a porous plaster. Here, +Skipjack, run to Dr. Pine as fast as you can, and fetch me one."</p> + +<p>In a moment he was back with it, and Mrs. Muff quickly clapped it upon +Alicia's head. Ellie looked on with breathless interest, and soon Alicia +slowly opened her eyes, and looking up, said, in a soft voice, "Dear +Golightly!"</p> + +<p>Mrs. Muff skillfully jerked off the plaster, and Ellie saw the teeth of +the comb sticking to it.</p> + +<p>"Bless my soul! it's the most extraordinary thing," cried his lordship.</p> + +<p>"Oh, that's nothing," replied Mrs. Muff; "I always use them when my +children are teething, with great success. But where is Matilda?"</p> + +<p>"The poor girl was terribly cut up, you know, and ran away toward the +woods," answered Lord Lepus. "How does the charming Alicia find herself? +Well enough to join us, I hope."</p> + +<p>"She must rest awhile. A short nap will entirely restore her," said Mrs. +Muff.</p> + +<p>At that moment Mr. Hopkins put his head in the arbor, and announced +supper was served.</p> + +<p>"Now," said Mrs. Muff, "while you are at supper Alicia shall go to +sleep, and I will watch her."</p> + +<p>Ellie looked out, and saw a table spread on the croquet ground. "Well, +well, how quick rabbits are! I wonder what they have to eat;" and she +ran along with the rest of the party to find out. The table was loaded +with nice things—apples and celery in abundance, and piles and piles of +popped corn. Lord Lepus had never seen any before, and was so much +pleased with it, Mr. Hopkins ordered a waiter to fill a bag and give it +to his lordship when he left. "How strange," thought Ellie; "mamma says +it is very impolite to carry away anything to eat when you go to +parties. But perhaps it is different with rabbits."</p> + +<p>When they had finished supper, Mr. Cawkins and son—the band—came +flapping down and picked up everything that was on the table. "I suppose +that playing makes them hungry," thought Ellie; "but how fast they do +eat!"</p> + +<p>When the last kernel of popped corn had disappeared, the crows flew back +to their perch and began to play the liveliest, merriest tune Ellie had +ever heard. Mr. Hopkins said to Lord Lepus, "Will your lordship join us +in dancing the merry-go-round? It is our national dance, and we always +have it on New-Year's Eve."</p> + +<p>"I shall be most happy; and here comes the fair Alicia, looking as fresh +as a daisy. I will secure her for my partner."</p> + +<p>But Mr. Hopkins formed them into a circle, and they began to dance +around, singing as they went. Ellie listened, and caught the words,</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">"Come dance, come dance the merry-go-round,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">With sprightly leap and joyous bound.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">We'll grasp each hand with right good cheer,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">And welcome in the glad new year.</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 22em;">Oh, the merry-go-round, the merry-go-round,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 23em;">We'll dance till day is dawning."</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>They flew around fast and faster, till Ellie could not tell one from +another. They looked like a streak on the snow.</p> + +<p>"Dear me, how dizzy they will get! Poor Alicia will certainly have the +headache," thought Ellie; but still quicker went the music, and still +faster flew the dancers. All of a sudden Ellie was startled by a loud +"caw." She<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[Pg 164]</a></span> felt some one shaking her shoulder, and a voice in her ear +said, "Wake up, Miss Ellie, wake up. The hall clock has just struck half +past nine, and to think of your being out of bed at this hour! What will +your mamma say? That giddy-pate Sarah told me she would undress you, for +I was called away."</p> + +<p>"I am so glad," said sleepy little Ellie, "for I have seen the +merry-go-round."</p> + +<p>Nurse gathered her up in her arms, and bore her to the nursery.</p> + +<p>"Nursey," asked Ellie, "are English hares better than our rabbits?"</p> + +<p>"Yes, miss, much better for soup."</p> + +<p>"Soup!" cried Ellie; "how dreadful, when he was so beautifully dressed!"</p> + +<p>"Yes," said nurse, "we like to have them dressed; they are so hard to +skin."</p> + +<p>"What do you mean?" exclaimed Ellie. "He wore such a beautiful long +coat, and had on a locket and three rings."</p> + +<p>"Dear me," thought nurse, "she has been in the moonlight so long I am +afraid it has turned her brain. She certainly seems a little looney. The +sooner she is undressed and in her bed, the better."</p> + +<p>"Oh, nursey, the next time baby has any teeth coming, put on a porous +plaster, and it will pull them right through his gums."</p> + +<p>"Bless the child! What is she talking about now? Hares and plasters! The +moon is a dangerous thing, and Sarah shall be well scolded for her +neglect."</p> + +<p>As Ellie laid her head on the pillow, she said, "They danced the +merry-go-round, and at the end of every verse they sang, 'Oh, the +merry-go-round, the merry-go-round, we'll—dance—till—day—'"</p> + +<p>Nurse looked, and saw that little Ellie was fast asleep.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="A_WISE_DOG" id="A_WISE_DOG"></a>A WISE DOG.</h2> + +<p>Many anecdotes have been published respecting dogs, proving that, +besides giving evidence of being endowed with certain moral qualities, +they possess and exercise memory, reasoning powers, and forethought; +they can communicate with each other, form plans, and act in concert. +The subject, however, is by no means exhausted, and dog stories almost +always meet with a welcome reception, especially from juvenile readers.</p> + +<p>The following story gives an instance, in the first place, of two dogs +combining to perform a certain action; in the second place, it shows +that one of these dogs evidently understood from the conversation of his +master and another man the consequences likely to result from this +action, and that he thereupon formed and carried out a plan to avoid +them.</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/ill_013.jpg" width="400" height="293" alt="COME OUT AND HAVE SOME FUN." title="" /> +<span class="caption">COME OUT AND HAVE SOME FUN.</span> +</div> + +<p>A farmer who resided in a town on the borders of Dartmoor was the owner +of a valuable sheep-dog. So skillful was this dog in collecting and +driving the sheep, that he almost performed the part of a shepherd. If +the farmer, on his return from market, wanted the sheep to be driven to +the field, he had only to say, "Keeper, take the sheep to field," and +the dog would collect the flock and drive them to the field without +suffering a single one to stray. But the proverb, "Evil communications +corrupt good manners," is as applicable to dogs as to men. Keeper got +acquainted with another dog, which proved to be of disreputable +character, and like other disreputable characters, had a habit of +rambling about at night. When the farmer was smoking his evening pipe by +the kitchen fire, and Keeper was stretched along the hearth, apparently +asleep, a low bark would be heard outside; Keeper would prick up his +ears, and when the door was opened, would make his escape and join his +companion, and then away would go both dogs on a ramble.</p> + +<p>This game was carried on for some little time; Keeper's bad habits were +not suspected at home, and he did his duty by his master's sheep as +faithfully as ever. In the mean time it became known in the town that a +few miles distant many sheep had been "worried" by dogs, but as yet the +culprit or culprits had not been discovered. It may, perhaps, be as well +to explain that by "worrying" sheep is meant that they have been +attacked by dogs, which seize the sheep by the throat, bite them, and +suck the blood, and then leave them to perish. In a single night one dog +has been known to "worry" forty sheep. No wonder such animals are a +terror to farmers. Besides, if a dog once takes to "worrying" sheep, he +never leaves off the habit.</p> + +<p>One evening as the farmer sat by his fire smoking and conversing with a +neighbor, Keeper as usual basking by the fire, and waiting the expected +call of his dog companion, the conversation turned on the great number +of sheep that had been lately "worried" and destroyed, and the loss that +would ensue to the farmers.</p> + +<p>"Well," said the neighbor, "we caught one on 'em, with his mouth and +coat bloody, and we hanged him up on the spot. They do say thy dog +Keeper was with un."</p> + +<p>"It is too true, he was there," replied the farmer; then looking at the +apparently sleeping dog, and shaking his head at him, he said, "Thee +knows thee has been with un. Thy turn will come next. We'll hang thee up +to-morrow."</p> + +<p>Keeper lay still, pretending sleep, but with his ears open. He had heard +his death-warrant, and was determined that it should not be carried into +execution if he could prevent it. When the outer door was opened, he +slunk off quietly, and was never seen again.</p> + +<p>What became of him was never known.</p> + +<p>Who will say after this that dogs do not understand the conversation of +men, especially when it relates to "worrying" sheep, and the punishment +it entails on the guilty dogs?<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[Pg 165]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 900px;"> +<img src="images/ill_014.jpg" width="900" height="689" alt="Music: A Fox went out in a hungry plight." title="" /> +</div> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><b>The Lesson of the Bath.</b>—One of the most valuable discoveries made by +Archimedes, the famous scholar of Syracuse, in Sicily, relates to the +weight of bodies immersed in water. Hiero, King of Syracuse, had given a +lump of gold to be made into a crown, and when it came back he suspected +that the workmen had kept back some of the gold, and had made up the +weight by adding more than the right quantity of silver; but he had no +means of proving this, because they had made it weigh as much as the +gold which had been sent. Archimedes, puzzling over this problem, went +to his bath. As he stepped in he saw the water, which his body +displaced, rise to a higher level in the bath, and to the astonishment +of his servants he sprang out of the water, and ran home through the +streets of Syracuse almost naked, crying, "<i>Eureka! Eureka!</i>" ("I have +found it! I have found it!").</p> + +<p>What had he found? He had discovered that any solid body put into a +vessel of water displaces a quantity of water equal to its own bulk, and +therefore that equal weights of two substances, one light and bulky, and +the other heavy and small, will displace different quantities of water. +This discovery enabled him to solve his problem. He procured one lump of +gold and another of silver, each weighing exactly the same as the crown. +Of course the lumps were not the same size, because silver is lighter +than gold, and so it takes more of it to make up the same weight. He +first put the gold into a basin of water, and marked on the side of the +vessel the height to which the water rose.</p> + +<p>Next, taking out the gold, he put in the silver, which, though it +weighed the same, yet, being larger, made the water rise higher; and +this height he also marked. Lastly, he took out the silver and put in +the crown. Now if the crown had been pure gold, the water would have +risen only up to the mark of the gold, but it rose higher, and stood +between the gold and silver marks, showing that silver had been mixed +with it, making it more bulky; and by calculating how much water was +displaced, Archimedes could estimate roughly how much silver had been +added. This was the first attempt to measure the <i>specific gravity</i> of +different substances; that is, the weight of any particular substance +compared to an equal bulk of some other substance taken as a standard. +In weighing solids or liquids, water is the usual standard.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><b>How this Solid Earth keeps Changing.</b>—The student of history reads of +the great sea-fight which King Edward III. fought with the French off +Sluys; how in those days the merchant vessels came up to the walls of +that flourishing sea-port by every tide; and how, a century later, a +Portuguese fleet conveyed Isabella from Lisbon, and an English fleet +brought Margaret of York from the Thames, to marry successive Dukes of +Burgundy at the port of Sluys. In our time, if a modern traveller drives +twelve miles out of Bruges, across the Dutch frontier, he will find a +small agricultural town, surrounded by corn fields and meadows and +clumps of trees, whence the sea is not in sight from the top of the +town-hall steeple. This is Sluys.</p> + +<p>Once more. We turn to the great Baie du Mont Saint Michel, between +Normandy and Brittany. In Roman authors we read of the vast forest +called "Setiacum Nemus," in the centre of which an isolated rock arose, +surmounted by a temple of Jupiter, once a college of Druidesses. Now the +same rock, with its glorious pile dedicated to St. Michael, is +surrounded by the sea at high tides. The story of this transformation is +even more striking than that of Sluys, and its adequate narration justly +earned for M. Manet the gold medal of the French Geographical Society in +1828.</p> + +<p>Once again. Let us turn for a moment to the Mediterranean shores of +Spain, and the mountains of Murcia. Those rocky heights, whose peaks +stand out against the deep blue sky, scarcely support a blade of +vegetation. The algarobas and olives at their bases are artificially +supplied with soil. It is scarcely credible that these are the same +mountains which, according to the forest-book of King Alfonso el Sabio, +were once clothed to their summits with pines and other forest trees, +while soft clouds and mist hung over a rounded, shaggy outline of wood +where now the naked rocks make a hard line against the burnished sky. +But Arab and Spanish chroniclers alike record the facts, and +geographical science explains the cause. There is scarcely a district in +the whole range of the civilized world where some equally interesting +geographical story has not been recorded, and where the same valuable +lessons may not be taught. This is comparative geography.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[Pg 166]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="OUR_POST_OFFICE_BOX" id="OUR_POST_OFFICE_BOX"></a> +<img src="images/ill_015.jpg" width="600" height="250" alt="OUR POST-OFFICE BOX." title="" /> +</div> + +<p>That our youthful correspondents may not think we slight any of their +favors, we would say that we regret exceedingly that our limited space +compels us to print so few of their prettily worded and neatly written +letters. We thank you all for your praise and hearty goodwill, but while +we read all your comments on <i>Young People</i> with attention, as in that +way we learn what pleases you best, we must choose for printing those +letters which tell something of interest to other young readers.</p> + +<p>To one thing we would call your attention. When you send drawings of +"Wiggles" and other picture puzzles, be careful to do it on a separate +piece of paper. Your letters are all recorded, and filed away, and if +your idea for a "Wiggle" is drawn on the same piece of paper on which +you write your letter, it makes confusion. We hope our young +correspondents will pay attention to this suggestion.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Ishpeming, Michigan</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>In <i>Harper's Young People</i>, No. 10, Mr. Lossing wrote about +"Putnam's Narrow Escape." He said his informant was General +Ebenezer Mead. Please tell Mr. Lossing that General Mead was my +great-grandfather. I am nine years old. I was born in Evergreen, +Louisiana, and came North when I was only three weeks old, so I +don't remember about any home but where I live now.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Ben Bryant Hill</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Del Norte, Colorado</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am ten years old, and live away out in the Rocky Mountains. I +went down to the hotel last night, and saw the twelve Ute chiefs +who are on the way to Washington. Ouray, the head chief, had his +wife with him. There being but one chair in the room, she very +kindly sat flat upon the floor, and allowed her husband to occupy +the chair.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Wallace S.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Sheepscott Bridge, Maine</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I am eleven years old. My father tells me lots of stories about +Indians, and shows me the places where some poor people were killed +by them. Our field takes in a part of Garrison Hill, where people +used to come into the fort when the Indians came. My father says +Sheepscott is a very old place, and the Pilgrims came here for +corn. Close by our field is an old barn where the Indians came when +some men were threshing, and fired on them, and killed two and took +their scalps off, and one man hit back at them with his flail, and +broke an Indian's arm, and they carried him prisoner to Canada. It +says so on his old grave-stone, and I have seen it. My grandfather +shot bears, but there are none here now. The people here build +little houses on the ice, and catch lots of smelts through a hole +in the ice. Sometimes there are as many as a hundred houses. The +smelts are sent to New York. I like <i>Young People</i>, and hope I +shall always get it.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Clarence E. C.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Warren, Ohio</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I want to tell you about my dogs. I have two coach-dogs; Spot and +Sport are their names. I used to drive them in a sleigh, and they +would draw me all about the town. I trained them all myself. Sport +was just like some horses; he would back and kick and chew his +harness. One day he chewed it all to pieces. Spot was good all the +time. I am older now, and drive ponies. I drove the dogs when I was +five years old.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Alaska P.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Emporia, Kansas</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>My uncle gave me a little axe on New-Year's Day, of which I am very +proud, and make good use of it by cutting wood for my mamma, but +Kansas wood is very hard to split. My papa says, "Where there is a +will there is a way," and I am going to earn money enough with my +axe to subscribe for <i>Young People</i>.</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Porter Hunter</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">East Smithfield, Pennsylvania</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have a canary. His name is Willie. He sings very sweetly, but he +has not bathed for a long time. Do you know any way to make him +take his bath?</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Mary</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<p>Sometimes canaries will not bathe in cold weather. You must give your +bird tepid water, otherwise it will get chilled, and sicken. Try putting +the bath dish in its cage and leaving it alone. Some canaries will never +bathe if they are watched.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Peabody, Massachusetts</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<div class="blockquot"><p>I have two Maltese cats exactly alike. One of them will eat +pea-nuts faster than I can crack them. The one that eats pea-nuts +has a bad cold. What can I do for her?</p></div> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 42em;"><span class="smcap">Harry P. H.</span></span><br /> +</p> + +<p>Your kitty has a very funny appetite. Keep her in a warm corner by the +fire, and give her plenty of warm milk to drink, and her cold will get +well. A little weak catnip tea mixed with the milk would do her good.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Robie I. G. has a kitty which climbs up on the balusters every morning +and tries to open his chamber door; Carlotta P. writes that her kitties +Betsy and Busti play with balls, and run up the curtains as if they were +climbing trees; Charlie M. S., Annie C. and Maggie W., Mattie V. S., and +Ida R. L., also write of pet cats and dogs and birds.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Maynard A. M.</span>—Your story and poems are very pretty, and show much fancy +and imagination for a boy of your age, but we have not room to print +them. We return them to Detroit, Michigan, the only address you give.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>"<span class="smcap">Mystic</span>."—Your drawing is very well done, but we can not use it.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Miss A. T.</span>—There is no commentary on Pope's translation of Homer, but +many interesting papers have been published on the subject.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Edward M. Van C.</span>—Your letter was a long time reaching its destination, +as it first took a trip to the Dead-letter Office at Washington, and was +forwarded to us from there. Like the little girl mentioned in the paper +on the Dead-letter Office in <i>Young People</i>, No. 11, you posted it +<i>without a stamp</i>.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">E. L. M.</span>—You write a very pretty letter considering that you are "only +a little girl nine years old," and you need not feel nervous in future.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Miss E. W.</span>—Many thanks for the charming letter and poem you so kindly +forward from the bright little nine-year-old girl, Jennie Lancaster, of +Marshall, Texas.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Addie W. P.</span>—The quotation you wish is probably this: "Nothing in his +life became him like the leaving it." It occurs in Shakspeare's play of +<i>Macbeth</i>, act first, scene fourth.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">George O. D.</span>—We are very sorry you are so unfortunate, and trust the +weekly visit of <i>Young People</i> will continue to brighten the monotony of +your illness.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">W. T. Doty</span>.—The incident you mention must be taken as an exception to a +general rule, as the personal observation of many students of natural +history establishes the statement to which you demur.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p><span class="smcap">Ethel S. M.</span>—Either spelling of the word is correct. The form you object +to is more often used by American writers than the one you found in your +English history.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Favors are acknowledged from Esther B., Minnesota; Osborn D., Arkansas; +Bert C. S., Iowa; Tillie F. W., Maryland; Ethel P., Washington, D. C.; +Willie Baldwin, Massachusetts; Louis C. V., New Jersey. From +Connecticut—Archie H. L., "Daisy." From New York—M. Cohn, Addie and A. +Goodnow. From Missouri—Charlie B., Theodore W. B. From Illinois—S. M. H., +Marion Potter. From California—Mary M. Carr, Arthur White.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p>Correct answers to puzzles are received from Charlie A. T., Illinois; H. W. +Singer, Ohio; Florence and Pauline W., California; J. T. Newcombe, +Michigan; Ida U. B., Minnesota; John R. Glen, Georgia; S. Addison W., +Maryland; C. S. C., Connecticut; J. H. Hassett, New Hampshire. From +Massachusetts—A. A. Gilmore, Stanley King, C. H. A., A. F. C. From New +York—Thomas H. Van T., F. W. P., Mabel L., William MacG., Walter L., H. +and B., Rufus W. T., E. S., F. Bisbee. Oscar F., New Jersey.</p> + +<p>Many of these answers are given in very neat operations in figures.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<h4>Answers to Mathematical Puzzles in No. 10:</h4> + +<p>No. 5.—While selling their apples separately the boys received an +average price of two and one-twelfth cents per apple. The boy who sold +the whole lot together received only two cents per apple, losing +one-twelfth of a cent on each. This loss on sixty apples amounted to +five cents.</p> + +<p>No. 6.—Mother's age, sixty-five; oldest daughter's, thirty; second +daughter's, twenty; youngest daughter's, fifteen.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h1>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h1> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE.</h2> + +<p><span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates—<i>payable in advance, postage free</i>:</p> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Single Copies</span></td><td align='right'>$0.04</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">One Subscription</span>, <i>one year</i></td><td align='right'>1.50</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'><span class="smcap">Five Subscriptions</span>, <i>one year</i></td><td align='right'>7.00</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p>Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order.</p> + +<p>Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss.</p> + +<h3>ADVERTISING.</h3> + +<p>The extent and character of the circulation of <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line.</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 25em;">Address</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 30em;">HARPER & BROTHERS,</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left: 35em;">Franklin Square, N. Y.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>A LIBERAL OFFER FOR 1880 ONLY.</h2> + +<p>☞ <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> <i>and</i> <span class="smcap">Harper's Weekly</span> <i>will be +sent to any address for one year, commencing with the first Number of</i> +<span class="smcap">Harper's Weekly</span> <i>for January, 1880, on receipt of $5.00 for the two +Periodicals</i>.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><b>PLAYS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE</b>, with Songs and Choruses, adapted for Private +Theatricals. With the Music and necessary directions for getting them +up. Sent on receipt of 30 cents, by HAPPY HOURS COMPANY, No. 5 Beekman +Street, New York. Send your address for a Catalogue of Tableaux, +Charades, Pantomimes, Plays, Reciters, Masks, Colored Fire, &c., &c.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h1>CANDY</h1> + +<p>Send one, two, three, or five dollars for a sample box, by express, of +the best Candies in America, put up elegantly and strictly pure. Refers +to all Chicago. Address</p> + +<h3>C. F. GUNTHER,</h3> + +<h4>Confectioner,</h4> + +<h4>78 MADISON STREET, CHICAGO.</h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>WOODEN WEDDING PRESENTS</h2> + +<h4>Ready-made and to order.</h4> + +<h3>SCROLL SAWS, DESIGNS, AND WOOD,</h3> + +<h3>At LITTLE'S TOOL STORE, 59 Fulton St., N. Y. City.</h3> + +<h4>Circulars free by mail.</h4> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">[Pg 167]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>DU CHAILLU'S STORIES</h2> + +<h2>OF</h2> + +<h2>ADVENTURES IN AFRICA.</h2> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Stories of the Gorilla Country.</h3> + +<p class="center">By <span class="smcap">Paul B. Du Chaillu</span>. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50.</p> + +<p>It is a capital book for boys. * * * The stories it contains are +full of the kind of novelty, peril, and adventure which are so +fascinating.—<i>Spectator</i>, London.</p> + +<p>These stories are entertaining and are well told, and they are +calculated to impart much knowledge of natural history to youthful +readers.—<i>Boston Traveller.</i></p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Wild Life under the Equator.</h3> + +<p class="center">By <span class="smcap">Paul B. Du Chaillu</span>. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50.</p> + +<p>The amount of enjoyment that was afforded to the children by the +previous work of this author, "Stories of the Gorilla Country," is +beyond computation. * * * We have read every word of "Wild Life under +the Equator" with the liveliest interest and satisfaction No ingenious +youth of twelve in the land will find it more "awfully jolly" than did +we.—<i>N. Y. Evening Post.</i></p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Lost in the Jungle.</h3> + +<p class="center">By <span class="smcap">Paul B. Du Chaillu</span>. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50.</p> + +<p>Full of adventures with savage men and wild beasts; shows how these +strange people live, what they eat and drink, how they build, and what +they worship; and will instruct as well as amuse.—<i>Boston Journal.</i></p> + +<p>A whole granary of information, dressed up in such a form as to make it +nutritious for young minds, as well as attractive for youthful +appetites.—<i>Philadelphia Ledger.</i></p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>My Apingi Kingdom:</h3> + +<p class="center">With Life in the Great Sahara, and Sketches of the Chase of the +Ostrich, Hyena, &c. By <span class="smcap">Paul B. Du Chaillu</span>. Illustrated. 12mo, +Cloth, $1.50.</p> + +<p>In this book Mr. Du Chaillu relates the story of his sojourn in Apingi +Land, of which he was elected king by the kind-hearted and hospitable +natives. * * * We assure the reader that it is full of stirring +incidents and exciting adventures. Many chapters are exceedingly +humorous, and others are quite instructive. The chapter, for instance, +on the habits of the white and tree ants contains an interesting +contribution to natural history.—<i>N. Y. Herald.</i></p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>The Country of the Dwarfs.</h3> + +<p class="center">By <span class="smcap">Paul B. Du Chaillu</span>. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50.</p> + +<p>Hail to thee, Paul! thou hero of single-handed combats with gorillas and +every imaginable beast that ever howled through the deserts, from the +elephant to the kangaroo; thou unscathed survivor of a thousand-and-one +vicissitudes by fire, field, and flood; thou glowing historian of thine +own superlatively glorious deeds: thou writer of books that make the +hairs of the children stand on every available end; thou proud king of +the Apingi savages of the equator; hail! we say.—<i>Utica Herald.</i></p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, N. Y.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <i>Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the +United States, on receipt of the price.</i></h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>ABBOTTS' ILLUSTRATED HISTORIES.</h2> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>HISTORICAL BIOGRAPHIES. By <span class="smcap">Jacob Abbott</span> and <span class="smcap">John S. C. Abbott</span>. The +Volumes of this Series are printed and bound uniformly, and contain +numerous Illustrations. 16mo, Cloth, $1.00 per volume; Set in box, 32 +vols., $32.00.</p> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="75%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'>Cyrus the Great.</td><td align='left'>William the Conqueror.</td><td align='left'>Henry IV.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Darius the Great.</td><td align='left'>Richard I.</td><td align='left'>Louis XIV.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Xerxes.</td><td align='left'>Richard II.</td><td align='left'>Maria Antoinette.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Alexander the Great.</td><td align='left'>Richard III.</td><td align='left'>Madame Roland.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Romulus.</td><td align='left'>Margaret of Anjou.</td><td align='left'>Josephine.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Hannibal.</td><td align='left'>Mary Queen of Scots.</td><td align='left'>Joseph Bonaparte.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Pyrrhus.</td><td align='left'>Queen Elizabeth.</td><td align='left'>Hortense.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Julius Cæsar.</td><td align='left'>Charles I.</td><td align='left'>Louis Philippe.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Cleopatra.</td><td align='left'>Charles II.</td><td align='left'>Genghis Khan.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Nero.</td><td align='left'>Hernando Cortez.</td><td align='left'>King Philip.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>Alfred the Great.</td><td align='left'></td><td align='left'>Peter the Great.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p>For the convenience of buyers, these Histories have been divided into +Six Series, as follows:</p> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="70%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='center'>I.</td><td align='center'>III.</td><td align='center'>V.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='center'><i>Founders of Empires.</i></td><td align='center'><i>Earlier British Kings and Queens.</i></td><td align='center'><i>Queens and Heroines.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>CYRUS.</td><td align='left'>ALFRED.</td><td align='left'>CLEOPATRA.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>DARIUS.</td><td align='left'>WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR.</td><td align='left'>MARIA ANTOINETTE.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>XERXES.</td><td align='left'>RICHARD I.</td><td align='left'>JOSEPHINE.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>ALEXANDER.</td><td align='left'>RICHARD II.</td><td align='left'>HORTENSE.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>GENGHIS KHAN.</td><td align='left'>MARGARET OF ANJOU.</td><td align='left'>MADAME ROLAND.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>PETER THE GREAT.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="70%" summary=""> +<tr><td align='center'>II.</td><td align='center'>IV.</td><td align='center'>VI.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='center'><i>Heroes of Roman History.</i></td><td align='center'><i>Later British Kings and Queens.</i></td><td align='center'><i>Rulers of Later Times.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>ROMULUS.</td><td align='left'>RICHARD III.</td><td align='left'>KING PHILIP.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>HANNIBAL.</td><td align='left'>MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.</td><td align='left'>HERNANDO CORTEZ.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>PYRRHUS.</td><td align='left'>ELIZABETH.</td><td align='left'>HENRY IV.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>JULIUS CÆSAR.</td><td align='left'>CHARLES I.</td><td align='left'>LOUIS XIV.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>NERO.</td><td align='left'>CHARLES II.</td><td align='left'>JOSEPH BONAPARTE.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'></td><td align='left'></td><td align='left'>LOUIS PHILIPPE.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S OPINION OF ABBOTTS' HISTORIES.</h3> + +<p>In a conversation with the President just before his death, Mr. Lincoln +said: "<i>I want to thank you and your brother for Abbotts' Series of +Histories. I have not education enough to appreciate the profound works +of voluminous historians; and if I had, I have no time to read them. But +your Series of Histories gives me, in brief compass, just that knowledge +of past men and events which I need. I have read them with the interest. +To them I am indebted for about all the historical knowledge I have.</i>"</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3><span class="smcap">Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York</span>.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <i>Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the +United States, on receipt of the price.</i></h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p class="center">"<i>A book beyond the pale of criticism.</i>"</p> + +<p> +<span style="margin-left: 30em;"><span class="smcap">N. Y. Daily Graphic</span>.</span><br /> +</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h2>Boy Travellers in the Far East.</h2> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>ADVENTURES OF</h3> + +<h3>TWO YOUTHS IN A JOURNEY</h3> + +<h3>TO</h3> + +<h3>JAPAN AND CHINA.</h3> + +<h4>Illustrated, 8vo, Cloth, $3.00.</h4> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>A more attractive book for boys and girls can scarcely be imagined.—<i>N. Y. +Times.</i></p> + +<p>The best thing for a boy who cannot go to China and Japan is to get this +book and read it.—<i>Philadelphia Ledger.</i></p> + +<p>One of the richest and most entertaining books for young people, both in +text, illustrations, and binding, which has ever come to our +table.—<i>Providence Press.</i></p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, N. Y.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <i>Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the +United States, on receipt of the price.</i></h4> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p class="center">A BOOK FOR EVERYBODY.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h4>Ninth Edition now Ready.</h4> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p class="center"><b>HOW TO GET STRONG, AND HOW TO STAY SO.</b> By <span class="smcap">William Blaikie</span>. With +Illustrations. 16mo, Cloth, $1.00.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<p>Your book is timely. Its large circulation cannot fail to be of great +public benefit.—Rev. <span class="smcap">Henry Ward Beecher</span>.</p> + +<p>It is a book of extraordinary merit in matter and style, and does you +great credit as a thinker and writer.—Hon. <span class="smcap">Calvin E. Pratt</span>, <i>of the New +York Supreme Bench</i>.</p> + +<p>A capital little treatise. It is the very book for ministers to +study.—Rev. <span class="smcap">Theodore L. Cuyler</span>, D.D., <i>in New York Evangelist</i>.</p> + +<hr style='width: 25%;' /> + +<h3>Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York.</h3> + +<h4>☞ <i>Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the +United States, on receipt of the price.</i></h4> + +<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">[Pg 168]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/ill_016.jpg" width="600" height="394" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<h2>PUZZLE PICTURE.</h2> + +<p>The envelope in the middle of this picture is supposed to contain a +number of letters. These letters taken from the envelope, and correctly +placed before the several objects shown in the picture, will transform +them into wild animals.</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2>THROWING LIGHT.</h2> + +<p>I am intangible; can't be seen, yet can be felt; am apparent to the +taste—certainly to the touch, for I am pocketed daily, and there is no +one who would not gladly grasp me at any time when offered; at the same +time, I am almost always disagreeable, and very rarely desired. Too much +of me is dangerous, and yet how could any one have too many of me? +though even a sip is more than any one craves. No one was ever heard to +say he was tired of me, and yet how many tears I have made children +shed! I am the means of making people happy, yet I am dangerous under +certain circumstances, though, to be sure, if I make people sick, I also +make them well. Once I made a dreadful disturbance in New York, but yet +I doubt if there is any city in this country where more of me, if as +many, pass from people's hands.</p> + +<p>I cost nothing, anybody can have me that wants me, yet no one if poor +can keep me, though I am easily bottled. You can't confine me, though +you can shut me out, for there is nothing to take hold of, but a little +package will hold many hundreds of me. I am a fluid, yet I am only air. +I can be made by a stroke of the pen, but the greatest care must be +exercised in making me properly; but when I am made artificially I am +not half as refreshing as when Nature makes me. You can carry me in your +pocket, but you can not take hold of me. You may swallow me, but you can +not touch me. What am I? Let some one else throw a light.</p> + +<hr style='width: 45%;' /> + +<p class="center"><b>Answer to Charade.</b>—Answer to Charade on page 146 of <span class="smcap">Harper's Young +People</span> No. 13 is "Chart."</p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 157px;"> +<img src="images/ill_017.jpg" width="157" height="300" alt="Fig. 1." title="" /> +<span class="caption">Fig. 1.</span> +</div> + +<p><b>Answer to the Elephant Puzzle.</b>—To solve the Elephant Puzzle presented +in No. 13 of <span class="smcap">Harper's Young People</span> make two cuts with the scissors as +shown by the white lines in Fig. 1, and transpose the section thus cut +out, placing it in the position shown by the white lines of Fig 2.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> +<img src="images/ill_018.jpg" width="300" height="198" alt="Fig. 2." title="" /> +<span class="caption">Fig. 2.</span> +</div> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"> +<img src="images/ill_019.jpg" width="700" height="428" alt="" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center">IT BEING DICK'S BIRTHDAY, HE IS ALLOWED TO STAY HOME FROM SCHOOL.</p> + +<div class='center'> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary=""> +<tr><td align='left'>1. Exploring the closets.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>2. Bread and butter, with plenty of sugar.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>3. Plays horse with the parlor chairs.</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>4. "I've sawed the chair. What will mother say?"</td></tr> +<tr><td align='left'>5. Ornaments the walls.</td></tr> +</table></div> + +<p class="center"><i>Result: On Dick's next Birthday he will go to School.</i></p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, February 3, 1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, FEB 3, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 28344-h.htm or 28344-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/3/4/28344/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Harper's Young People, February 3, 1880 + An Illustrated Weekly + +Author: Various + +Release Date: March 16, 2009 [EBook #28344] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, FEB 3, 1880 *** + + + + +Produced by Annie McGuire + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: HARPER'S + +YOUNG PEOPLE + +AN ILLUSTRATED WEEKLY.] + + * * * * * + +VOL. I.--NO. 14. PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. PRICE FOUR +CENTS. + +Tuesday, February 3, 1880. Copyright, 1880, by HARPER & BROTHERS. $1.50 +per Year, in Advance. + + * * * * * + + + + +[Illustration: FEEDING THE SPARROWS.] + +THE HOUSE-SPARROW. + + +The English house-sparrow, a pert, daring little bird, which is seen in +crowds in almost all cities of the Northern United States, was first +brought to this country about twenty years ago. It is said the first +specimens were liberated in Portland, Maine, where they immediately made +themselves at home, and began nest-building and worm-catching as eagerly +as when in their native air. Others were soon brought to New York city, +and set free in the parks. At that time New York, Brooklyn, and other +cities were suffering from a terrible visitor, the loathsome +measuring-worm, which made its appearance just as the trees had become +lovely with fresh spring green. It infested the streets in armies, hung +in horrible webs and festoons from the branches of the shade trees, and +ruined the beauty and comfort of the city during the pleasantest season +of the whole year. About the first of July, when the worm finished its +work, the trees appeared stripped and bare, as if scathed by fire, and a +second budding resulted only in scanty foliage late in the season. A +month after the worm disappeared, its moth--a small white creature, +pretty enough except for its connections--fluttered by thousands +through the city, depositing its eggs for the worm of another year. +Desperate measures seemed necessary to stop this nuisance, and the +question of cutting down all the trees was seriously considered. But +relief was at hand. A gentleman, an Englishman, proposed an importation +of sparrows, and soon hundreds of these brown-coated little fellows were +set loose in different cities. They at once became public pets. Little +houses were nailed up on trees and balconies for them to nest in, +sidewalks and window-sills were covered with crumbs for their breakfast, +and boys were forbidden to stone them or molest them in any way. + +Now although the sparrow is very willing to feed on bread-crumbs and +seeds, and save itself the trouble of hunting for its dinner, by a wise +provision of nature the little ones, until they are fully fledged, can +eat only worms and small flies and bugs. As the sparrows have three or +four broods during the warm weather, they always have little ones to +feed at the very season when worms and other insects destructive to +vegetation are the most plentiful. An English naturalist states that in +watching a pair of sparrows feeding their little ones, he saw them bring +food to the nest from thirty to forty times every day, and each time +from two to six caterpillars or worms were brought. It is easy to see +from this estimate how quickly the tree worms would disappear, as proved +to be the case in the cities where the sparrows were set free. + +A very few years after they were introduced not a worm was to be seen. +The trees now grow undisturbed in their leafy beauty all through the +summer, and many children will scarcely remember the time when their +mothers went about the streets where shade trees grew carrying open +umbrellas in sunny days and starry evenings to protect themselves from +the constantly dropping worms. + +It is no wonder that every one is gratefully affectionate to the +sparrow. They are very social little birds, and are entirely happy amid +the noise and dirt and confusion of the crowded street. They are bold +and saucy too, and will stand in the pathway pecking at some stray crust +of bread until nearly run over, when they hop away, scolding furiously +at being disturbed. They are fond of bathing, and after a rain may be +seen in crowds fluttering and splashing in the pools of water in the +street. The cold winter does not molest them. They continue as plump and +jolly and independent as ever, and chirp and hop about as merrily on a +snowy day as during summer. + +In the New York city parks these little foreigners are carefully +provided for. Prettily built rustic houses may be seen all over Central +Park, put up for their especial accommodation. During the summer, when +doors and windows are open, the sparrows hold high revels in the Central +Park menagerie. They go fearlessly into the eagle's cage, bathe in his +water dish, and make themselves very much at home. In the cages occupied +by pigeons, pheasants, and other larger birds, the sparrows are often +troublesome thieves. They can easily squeeze through the coarse +net-work, and no sooner are the feed dishes filled with breakfast than +they crowd in and take possession, scolding and fluttering and darting +at the imprisoned pigeons and pheasants if they dare to approach. + +The smaller parks of New York city contain each about two hundred houses +for the sparrows. Some of them are of very simple construction, being +made of a piece of tin leader pipe about ten inches long, with a piece +of wood fitted in each end. A little round doorway is cut for the birds +to enter, and they seem perfectly happy in these primitive quarters. +Feed and water troughs are provided, and it is the duty of the park +keeper to fill them every morning. The birds know the feeding hour, and +come flying eagerly, pushing and scolding, and tumbling together in +their hurry for the first mouthful. The greedy little things eat all +day. School-children come trooping in, and share their luncheon with +them, and even idle and ragged loungers on the park benches draw crusts +of bread from their pockets, and throw the sparrows a portion of their +own scanty dinner. + +It is very easy to study the habits of the sparrow, for it is so bold +and sociable that if a little house is nailed up in a balcony, or by a +window where people are constantly sitting, a pair of birds will at once +take possession, bring twigs and bits of scattered threads and wool for +a nest, and proceed to rear their noisy little family. Chirp, chirp, +very loud and impatient, three or four little red open mouths appear at +the door of the house, the parent birds come flying with worms and +flies, and then for a little while the young ones take a nap and keep +quiet, when, they wake up again and renew their clamor for food. + +If houses are not provided, the sparrow will build in any odd corner--a +chink in the wall or in the nooks and eaves of buildings. A pair of +London sparrows once made their nest in the mouth of the bronze lion +over Northumberland House, at Charing Cross. They are very much attached +to their nest, and after the little speckled eggs are laid will cling to +it even under difficulties. The sailors of a coasting vessel once lying +in a Scotch port frequently observed two sparrows flying about the +topmast. One morning the vessel put to sea, when, to the astonishment of +the sailors, the sparrows followed, evidently bent upon making the +voyage. Crumbs being thrown on the deck, they soon became familiar, and +came boldly to eat, hopping about as freely as if on shore. A nest was +soon discovered built among the rigging. Fearing it might be demolished +by a high wind, at the first landing the sailors took it carefully down, +and finding that it contained four little ones, they carried it on shore +and left it in the crevice of a ruined house. The parent birds followed, +evidently well pleased with the change, and when the vessel sailed away +they remained with their young family. + +Much has been written about the mischievous doings of the sparrow, and +war has been waged against it to a certain extent both here and in +England. But the sparrow holds its ground well, and proves in many ways +that even if it may drive away robins, and injure grain fields now and +then, it more than balances these misdeeds by the thousands of +caterpillars, mosquitoes, and other insects which it destroys, thus +saving the life of countless trees and plants. The whole year round it +is the same active, bustling, jolly creature, and our cities would be +lonely and desolate without this little denizen of the street. + + + + +A BRAVE PATRIOT. + + +In 1780, after the fall of Charleston, the British commander had issued +a proclamation to the people of South Carolina, calling upon them to +return to their allegiance, and offering protection to all who did so. +The men inhabiting the tract of country stretching from the Santee to +the Pedee selected one of their number to repair to Georgetown, the +nearest British post, to ascertain the exact meaning of the offer, and +what was expected of them. + +In accordance with his instructions, Major John James sought an +interview with Captain Ardesoif, the commandant of Georgetown, and +demanded what was the meaning of the British protection, and upon what +terms the submission of the citizens was to be made. + +He was informed roughly that the only way to escape the hanging which +they so justly deserved was to take up arms in his Majesty's cause. + +James, not relishing the tone and manner of the British officer, coolly +replied that "the people whom he came to represent would scarcely submit +on such conditions." + +Ardesoif, unaccustomed to contradiction, and enraged at the worthy +major's use of the term "represent," which smote harshly on his ears, +sprang to his feet, and, with his hand on his sword, exclaimed, +"Represent! If you dare speak in such language, I will have you hung at +the yard-arm." + +Major James was weaponless, but in his anger was equal to the occasion. +Seizing the chair upon which he had been sitting, he floored his +insulter at a blow, and giving his enemy no time to recover, mounted his +horse and escaped to the woods before pursuit could be attempted. + +His people soon assembled to hear his story, and their wrath was kindled +at hearing how their envoy had been received. + +Required to take the field, it needed not a moment to decide under which +banner, and the result was the formation of Marion's Brigade, which won +such fame in the swampy regions of the South. + + + + +A LATIN WORD SQUARE. + + + Behold my first! In her palmy days + (In the time of my _second_, you understand) + She had many poets who sang her praise, + Had soldiers and statesmen and wealth to amaze, + Her fame was unrivalled in many ways-- + She had no equal in all the land. + + Again to the time of my _second_ refer, + And spell that backward, my third behold-- + A hero of monstrous strength. They aver + He held up a temple its fall to defer, + And ate forty pounds (but I hope 'tis a slur) + Every day for his food, both hot and cold. + + Now spell my first backward, my fourth appears, + The greatest power of any time. + All poets have sung of its hopes and fears, + All men have known it with smiles and tears, + It has ruled and will rule for years and years + In every nation and every clime. + + Now take my word square and look all about, + Sideways, across, and down the middle, + Not a word can be found there by spy or scout + Which can not be spelled upside down, inside out, + All in Latin, you know; but now I've no doubt + You've guessed every word of this easy riddle. + + + + +A TERRIBLE FISH. + + +Among the inhabitants of the sea which, from their size or strength, +have been termed "monarchs of the ocean," are the saw-fish and the +sword-fish, which are formidable enemies to the whale; but it is not +merely on their fellow-inhabitants of the deep that these powerful +fishes exercise their terrible strength. Some singular instances are +related of their attacking even the ships that intrude upon their watery +domain. An old sea-captain tells the following story: + +"Being in the Gulf of Paria, in the ship's cutter, I fell in with a +Spanish canoe, manned by two men, who were in great distress, and who +requested me to save their lines and canoe, with which request I +immediately complied, and going alongside for that purpose, I discovered +that they had got a large saw-fish entangled in their turtle net. It was +towing them out to sea, and but for my assistance they must have lost +either their canoe or their net, or perhaps both, and these were their +only means of subsistence. Having only two boys with me at the time in +the boat, I desired the fishermen to cut the fish away, which they +refused to do. I then took the bight of the net from them, and with the +joint endeavors of themselves and my boat's crew we succeeded in hauling +up the net, and to our astonishment, after great exertions, we raised +about eight feet of the saw of the fish above the surface of the sea. It +was a fortunate circumstance that the fish came up with his belly toward +the boat, or he would have cut it in two. + +"I had abandoned all idea of taking the fish, until, by great good luck, +it made toward the land, when I made another attempt, and having about +three hundred feet of rope in the boat, we succeeded in making a running +bow-line knot round the saw, and this we fortunately made fast on shore. +When the fish found itself secured, it plunged so violently that I could +not prevail on any one to go near it: the appearance it presented was +truly awful. I immediately went alongside the Lima packet, Captain +Singleton, and got the assistance of all his ship's crew. By the time +they arrived the fish was less violent. We hauled upon the net again, in +which it was still entangled, and got another three hundred feet of line +made fast to the saw, and attempted to haul it toward the shore; but +although mustering _thirty hands_, we could not move it an inch. By this +time the negroes belonging to a neighboring estate came flocking to our +assistance, making together about one hundred in number, with the +Spaniards. We then hauled on both ropes nearly all day before the fish +became exhausted. On endeavoring to raise the monster it became most +desperate, sweeping with its saw from side to side, so that we were +compelled to get strong ropes to prevent it from cutting us to pieces. +After that one of the Spaniards got on its back, and at great risk cut +through the joint of the tail, when the great fish died without further +struggle. It was then measured, and found to be twenty-two feet long and +eight feet broad, and weighed nearly five tons." + +An East Indiaman was once attacked by a sword-fish with such prodigious +force that its "snout" was driven completely through the bottom of the +ship, which must have been destroyed by the leak had not the animal +killed itself by the violence of its own exertions, and left its sword +imbedded in the wood. A fragment of this vessel, with the sword fixed +firmly in it, is preserved as a curiosity in the British Museum. + +Several instances of a similar character have occurred, and one formed +the subject of an action brought against an insurance company for +damages sustained by a vessel from the attack of one of these fishes. It +seems the _Dreadnought_, a first-class mercantile ship, left a foreign +port in perfect repair, and on the afternoon of the third day a +"monstrous creature" was seen sporting among the waves, and lines and +hooks were thrown overboard to capture it. All efforts to this effect, +however, failed: the fish got away, and in the night-time the vessel was +reported to be dangerously leaking. The captain was compelled to return +to the harbor he had left, and the damage was attributed to a +sword-fish, twelve feet long, which had assailed the ship below +water-line, perforated her planks and timbers, and thus imperilled her +existence on the ocean. + +Professor Owen, the distinguished naturalist, was called to give +evidence on this trial as to the probability of such an occurrence, and +he related several instances of the prodigious strength of the "sword." +It strikes with the accumulated force of fifteen double-handed hammers; +its velocity is equal to that of a swivel-shot, and it is as dangerous +in its effects as a heavy artillery projectile would be. + +The upper jaw of this fish is prolonged into a projecting flattened +snout, the greatest length of which is about six feet, forming a saw, +armed at each edge with about twenty large bony spines or teeth. Mr. +Yarrel mentions a combat that occurred on the west coast of Scotland +between a whale and some saw-fishes, aided by a force of "thrashers" +(fox-sharks). The sea was dyed in blood from the stabs inflicted by the +saw-fishes under the water, while the thrashers, watching their +opportunity, struck at the unwieldy monster as often as it rose to +breathe. + +The sword-fish is also furnished with a powerful weapon in the shape of +a bony snout about four or five feet long, not serrated like the +saw-fish, but of a much firmer consistency--in fact, the hardest +material known. + + + + +THE STORY OF OBED, ORAH, AND THE SMOKING-CAP. + +BY MRS. A. M. DIAZ. + + +[Illustration] + +A cozy room, a wood fire, bright andirons, and a waiting company. The +Family Story-Teller promised the children he would come, and the whole +circle, young, older, oldest, are expecting a good time; for the Family +Story-Teller can tell stories by the hour on any subject that may be +given him, from a flat-iron to a whale-ship. He once told about a +flat-iron--and nothing can be flatter than a flat-iron--a story half an +hour long. It began, "Once there was a flat-iron." + +But where is he? Has he forgotten? Did the snowstorm hinder? Has he +missed his horse-car? Hark! a stamping in the entry. Dick runs to open +the door, and shows Family Story-Teller upon the mat, tall and erect, +brushing the snow from his cloak, his whiskers, and his laughing eyes. + +Miss Flossie declared that he must be "judged" for coming so late. + +Said Dick, "I judge him to tell as many stories as we want." + +This judgment being thought too easy for a person like him, to make it +harder he was "judged" to tell the stories all about the same thing. It +was left to grandpa to say what this thing should be, and grandpa said, +with a laugh, "going to mill." + +"Very well," said Family Story-Teller, "I will begin at once, and tell +you the entertaining story of 'Obed, Orah, and the Smoking-Cap.'" He +then began as follows: + + * * * * * + +Once upon a time, in the pleasant village of Gilead, dwelt Mr. and Mrs. +Stimpcett, with their four young children--Moses, Obadiah (called Obed), +Deborah (called Orah), and little Cordelia. Mrs. Stimpcett, for money's +sake, took a summer boarder, Mr. St. Clair, a city young man, who wished +to behold the flowery fields, repose upon the dewy grass, and who had +also another reason for coming, which will be told presently. + +On the morning after Mr. St. Clair's arrival, Mrs. Stimpcett said to +grandma that, as the noise of four young children at once would be too +much for a summer boarder until he should become used to it, Obed and +Orah would go and spend the day with their grandfather's cousin, Mrs. +Polly Slater. Mrs. Polly Slater lived all alone by herself in a cottage +at another part of the village of Gilead. Obed was six and a half years +old, and Orah nearly five. + +The two children set forth early in the morning. Orah wore her pink +apron and starched sun-bonnet, and Obed wore his clean brown linen frock +and trousers, the frock skirt standing out stiff like a paper fan. As +his second best hat could not be found, and his first best was not to be +thought of, he was obliged to wear his third best, which had a torn +brim, and which he put on with tears and sniffles and loud complaints. + +It happened very curiously that as Obed and Orah were walking through +the orchard, Obed still sniffling, they saw, under a bush, a beautiful +smoking-cap. Obed quickly threw down his old hat, and put on the +smoking-cap in a way that the loose part hung off behind. + +This beautiful smoking-cap belonged to the summer boarder, and was +presented to him by a young lady who liked him very much. It was wrought +in a Persian pattern slightly mingled with the Greek, and was +embroidered with purple, yellow, crimson, Magenta, sage green, invisible +blue, ecru, old gold, drab, and other shaded worsteds, dotted with +stitches of shining silk and beads of silver, the tassel alone +containing skeins of ecru sewing silk. The young lady lived not very far +from Mr. Stimpcett's, and _she_ was that other reason why Mr. St. Clair +became a summer boarder in the pleasant village of Gilead. + +Spry, the puppy dog, probably carried the smoking-cap to the orchard; +but all that is known with certainty is that Mr. St. Clair, the evening +before, then wearing the cap, reclined upon several chairs with his head +out of the window, gazing at the moon, and there fell asleep, and that, +as on account of the abundance of his hair it was a little too small, +the cap fell off his head, and that when he awoke the pain in the back +of his neck and the lateness of the hour caused him to forget all about +it. + +Now when Obed and Orah arrived at Mrs. Polly Slater's, they found her +doors shut and locked. Mr. Furlong, the man who lived in the next house, +called out to them, "Mrs. Polly Slater has borrowed a horse and cart, +and gone to mill; she will stay and eat dinner with your aunt Debby." +Then he added, "I am harnessing my horse to go to mill; how would you +like to go with me, and ride back with Mrs. Polly Slater in the +afternoon?" + +Obed and Orah liked this so much that they ran and clambered into the +cart as fast as they could, Orah climbing in over the spokes of a wheel. +Mr. Furlong fastened Obed's cap on by tying around it a stout piece of +line. + +When they had ridden several miles on their way to mill, they met a boy +on horseback galloping at a furious rate. The moment this boy saw Mr. +Furlong, he pulled up his horse--he nearly fell off behind in doing +so--and said he, "Mr. Furlong, your sister at Locust Point has heard bad +news, and wants to see you immediately." + +Mr. Furlong drove as fast as he could, until he came to the road which +turned off to Locust Point. Here he set the children down, and showed +Obed, not quite half a mile ahead of them, a large white building with a +flag flying from the top. "There," said he, "your aunt Debby, you know, +lives next to that white building. It is a straight road. I am sorry to +leave you. Keep out of the way of the horses, and go directly to her +house." Mr. Furlong then drove to Locust Point. + +[Illustration] + +Now after the two children had walked a short distance, they came to a +road which led across the road in which they were walking, and along +this cross-road were running boys and girls, some barefoot, some +bare-headed, some drawing baby carriages at such a rate that the babies +were nearly thrown out; and all that these boys and girls would say was, +"Baker's cart! baker's cart!" At last Obed and Orah found out that a +baker's cart had upset in coming through the woods, and had left +first-rate things to eat scattered all about. Our two children found a +whole half sheet of gingerbread, which was not sandy, to speak of; and +as they sat eating it, they looked through some bushes down a hill, and +saw there something which looked like a molasses cooky. They scrambled +down, the blackberry vines doing damage to their clothes, and found two +molasses cookies, and each took one. But before Orah had finished hers +she leaned her head on a grassy hummock, and fell asleep. When she +awoke, sad to relate, they turned the wrong way, and went farther and +farther and farther into the woods. After walking a long time, they came +to a brook, and stopped there to drink. They had to lie flat on the +ground, and suck up the water. Orah took off her shoes and stockings, +because there was sand in them, and dipped her feet in the brook. Obed +pulled hard, but he could not pull her stockings on over her wet feet, +and she had to carry them and her shoes in her hand. The woods became +thicker as the children walked on, and the trees taller. Obed began to +cry. "Oh dear!" he said; "we are lost! we are lost!" + +"Oh, I want to see my ma! I do! I do!" said Orah, and burst out crying. +Crying?--roaring!--so the man said who heard it. + +This was a charcoal man who happened along just then, driving an empty +charcoal cart. He kindly asked them where they lived, and whither they +were going. After Obed had told him, he said to them, "You poor little +children! You are dirty and ragged, and you are a long way from your +aunt Debby's. I shall pass near your father's house, and would you like +to take a ride with me?" Then, as they seemed willing, he helped them +into his cart, dropping them at the bottom as the safest place. Obed, +however, by putting his toes into knot-holes and cracks, climbed high +enough to put his head over the top, and Orah found a loose board which +she could shove aside, and so push her head through and look up at Obed. + +[Illustration] + +Now as they were rattling down a steep hill not a great way from home, a +slender young lady started from the sidewalk, and ran after them, +shouting and waving her parasol in the most frantic manner. The charcoal +man did not hear her. This frantic and slender young lady was the young +lady who made for Mr. St. Clair the smoking-cap done in the Persian +pattern slightly mingled with the Greek, and embroidered with the shaded +worsteds before mentioned, mingled with stitches of silk and beads of +silver. + +It is not strange that upon seeing that smoking-cap, which had cost her +so much time and labor and money, appearing over the top of a charcoal +cart on the head of a sooty little boy--it is not strange, I say, that +the slender young lady went to Mr. St. Clair and asked what it all +meant. She found Mr. St. Clair sitting upon the door-step, watching the +sunset sky. Mr. St. Clair declared that he had spent the whole day in +looking for the smoking-cap, and that it must have been stolen. Mr. and +Mrs. Stimpcett came out, and said _they_ had been looking for the cap +all day, and had felt badly on account of its loss. At this moment, +grandma, who was confined to her room with rheumatism, called down from +a chamber window that there were two little beggar children coming round +the barn--colored children, she thought. + +"Why," cried the slender young lady, "that's the very boy!" + +Mr. St. Clair rushed out to the barn. Just as he left the door-step who +should drive up to the gate and come in but Mrs. Polly Slater. "I have +been to the mill," said she, "and I came home by this road, thinking you +would like to hear from Debby." + +"But where are Obed and Orah?" cried Mrs. Stimpcett, in alarm. + +"I have not seen them," said Mrs. Polly Slater. + +As she said this, Mr. Furlong stopped at the gate. He said that as he +was passing by he thought he would ask how Obed and Orah got on in +finding their aunt Debby's. + +"_Aunt Debby's!_" cried Mr. Stimpcett, Mrs. Stimpcett, grandma, and Mrs. +Polly Slater--"_Aunt Debby's!_" + +On hearing at what place Mr. Furlong had left her children, Mrs. +Stimpcett fainted and fell upon the ground. Then all the people tried to +revive her. The slender young lady fanned with her parasol, Mrs. Polly +Slater fetched the camphor bottle, Mr. Furlong pumped, Mr. Stimpcett +threw dipperfuls of water--though owing to his agitation not much of it +touched her face--and grandma called down from the chamber window what +should be done. + +In the confusion no one noticed the approach of a newcomer. This was the +charcoal man, bringing shoes and stockings. "Here are your little girl's +shoes and stockings," said he. "She left them in my cart." + +"They are not _my_ little girl's," said Mr. Stimpcett, throwing a +dipperful of water on the ground. + +"She said she was your little girl," said the charcoal man. "But there +she is"--pointing to the barn; "you can see for yourself." + +Mr. Stimpcett ran to the barn, and was amazed to find that the two +beggar children were his Obed and Orah. Mr. St. Clair was scolding them, +and the tears were running down their cheeks in narrow paths. Mr. +Stimpcett led them quickly to Mrs. Stimpcett. Seeing their mother +stretched as if dead upon the ground, they both screamed, "Ma! ma! +m--a!" + +The well-known sounds revived her. She opened her eyes, raised herself, +and caught the children in her arms. + +The slender young lady advised that the smoking-cap be hung out-doors in +a high wind, and afterward cleansed with naphtha. The clothes of Obed +and Orah were also hung out, and Mr. Stimpcett, for fun, arranged them +in the forms of two scarecrows, which scared so well that the birds flew +far away. The consequence was an enormous crop of cherries, all of +which, except a few for sauce, Mr. Stimpcett sent to the charcoal man. + +Mr. St. Clair and the slender young lady were married the next year at +cherry-time, and it was said that during their honey-moon they subsisted +chiefly upon cherries. And now my story's done. + + * * * * * + +"How is this, Mr. Story-Teller?" cried the children's mamma. "The story +is a story, no doubt, but it can not be counted in, for Obed and Orah +did not really go to mill." + +Family Story-Teller said, looking around with a calm smile, that he +could tell plenty more, and that in his next one Grandma Stimpcett +should really go to mill, and should meet with surprising adventures. + + + + +PUSSY'S KITTEN (?). + + Once a tiny little rabbit strayed from home away; + Far from woodland haunts she wandered, little rabbit gray. + Our old Tabby cat, whilst sitting at the kitchen door, + Thought she saw her long-lost kitten home returned once more. + + Gave a pounce, and quickly caught it, with a happy mew, + Ere the frightened little wanderer quite knew what to do. + Gently Tabby brought her treasure to the old door-mat, + Purred, and rubbed and licked and smoothed it--motherly old cat! + + But what puzzled pussy truly, and aroused her fears, + Was the length to which had grown her kitten's once small ears. + Most amazing, most alarming, was that sight to her; + Green and round her eyes were swelling, stiff and straight her fur. + + "Poor wee kitty! what a pity you're deformed!" thought she; + "Surely this has somehow happened since you went from me. + But you're welcome home, my kitten; mother's love is strong, + Though I will confess I wish your ears were not so long." + + So the tiny little rabbit grew contented quite, + And our visitors like to call and see the pretty sight + Of nice old Tabby playing with her rabbit-kitty gray; + And she doesn't dream of her mistake, although, the truth to say, + + Her own true kitten went the road that many kittys go; + For John the coachman took it to the horse-pond just below. + But I think it is most cruel to drown a little cat; + And I trust all girls and boys will have too much heart for that. + + + + +THE BOYS AND UNCLE JOSH. + +BY W. O. STODDARD. + + +"Hey Billy, my boy! Going skating?" + +"Yes, Uncle Josh, Joe Pearce and me. The big pond's frozen solid." + +"Is it safe?" + +"Charley Shadders he says it's twenty feet thick in some places." + +"Twenty feet thick! I declare! That's pretty thick ice. How did he +know?" + +"I don't know. I guess he guessed at it. He's an awful guesser." + +"I should say he was. Twenty feet thick! Why, Billy, the water's only +five feet deep in summer." + +"Oh, but," exclaimed Joe Pearce, who had been listening with all the +eagerness of twelve years old, "it swells water to freeze it, Uncle +Josh." + +"So it does, so it does. But I never heard of a swell like that." And +Uncle Josh--for he was uncle to all the small boys in the village--shook +his fat sides with laughter, but it was not all about the remarkable +ice, for his next question was, "But, Billy, you've put all your skating +on one foot. How's that?" + +"'Cause it's all in one skate." + +"Well, it's big enough. Why don't you divide it, and give the other foot +a fair share?" + +"I've put mine on the other foot," shouted Joe, trying to balance +himself on one leg and hold up an uncommonly large skate for inspection. + +How those skates were strapped on! They were even steadied with pieces +of rope, and had bits of wood and leather stuffed in under the straps to +make them fit. + +"You see, Uncle Josh," explained Billy, "my brother Bob he went away to +college, and left his skates, 'cause, he said, the college was out of +ice this winter. And Joe Pearce he didn't have any. And Christmas forgot +to give me any. And so we divided 'em, and took the sled, and we're +going to the big pond." + +"That was fair. Only you haven't divided the sled." + +"The sled won't divide," said Joe, with a solemn shake of his curly +head; "but I'd like to divide my skate with my other foot." + +"I'll tell you what, boys," suddenly exclaimed Uncle Josh, "let's have a +little Christmas of our own." + +"Have you got any?" asked Billy. + +"I guess I have. Come right along to the store with me." + +"Come on, Joe. Keep your skate on. Don't limp any more'n you can help." + +But both he and Joe cut a queer figure as they followed Uncle Josh up +the street; for when a boy makes one of his legs longer than the other, +and slips and slides on that foot, it makes a good deal of difference in +the way he walks. + +Everybody knew Uncle Josh, and although he was a deacon and a very good +man, everybody expected to see a smile on his face, and to hear him +chuckle over something when they met him. So nobody was half so much +surprised as Joe and Billy were, and their surprise did not come to them +until they reached the store. But it came then. + +"Skates for these boys," said Uncle Josh, as they went in. "One for each +foot, all around. Straps too." + +That was it, and now the boys were doing more chuckling than Uncle Josh +himself. + +"Billy," asked Joe, "do you know what to say?" + +"Why, we must thank him." + +"Yes, I s'pose so. But that doesn't seem to be half enough." + +"Can't we thank him big, somehow?" + +"Enough for two pair of skates?" + +"That's so. We can't do it." + +They had to give it up; but they did their best, and Uncle Josh cut them +short in the middle of it. + +"Come, come, boys, we can't stay here all day. There won't be another +Saturday again for a week, and then it may rain. Don't put your skates +on. Wait till we get to the pond. Bring along the big ones. They'll do +for me." + +"Why, are you going, Uncle Josh?" + +"Of course I am. If the ice is twenty feet thick, I want to skate on it. +That kind of ice'll bear anybody." + +And so the boys tied the big skates upon the sled, and were starting +off, when Uncle Josh exclaimed: + +"No, boys, give 'em to me. I haven't had a pair of skates in my hand for +twenty years. I want to see how it would seem to carry them." + +There were not a great many people to be met in a small village like +that, but every one they did meet had a smile for Uncle Josh and his +skates, till they reached the miller's house, just this side of the +pond. And there was Mrs. Sanders, the miller's wife, sweeping the least +bit of snow from her front stoop. + +"Joe," said Billy, "do you see that?" + +"And Charley Shadders was guessing, then. He said snow wouldn't light on +her stoop." + +"There isn't but mighty little of it, and it didn't cost her anything." + +But just at that moment Mrs. Sanders was resting on her broom, and +looking very severely at Uncle Josh, and saying, + +"Now, Deacon Parmenter, where are you going with those boys? Skates, +too, at your time of life." + +"Good-morning, Sister Sanders. I declare, if you'll go with us, I'll +trot right back and get a pair of skates for you. I'd like to see a +good-looking young woman like you--" + +"Deacon Parmenter! Me? To go skating? With you and a couple of boys? I +never!" + +But she did not look half so angry as she did at first. She was a plump +and rosy woman; but she had a pointed nose, and her lips were thin. +Billy whispered to Joe Pearce, "Aunt Sally says it'd keep any woman's +lips thin to work 'em as hard as Mrs. Sanders does hers." + +They were almost smiling just now, for Uncle Josh went on: "Now, Sister +Sanders, I know it's a little queer for an old fellow like me, but it's +just the thing for young folks. Just you say the word, and you shall +have 'em. You're looking nicely this morning, Sister Sanders." + +"Billy," whispered Joe, "how red in the face Uncle Josh is getting!" + +"So is she," said Billy. "If he goes on that way, she'll come along and +spoil the fun." + +"No, she won't." + +Joe was right, for Mrs. Sanders brought her broom down on the front step +with a great bang with one hand, and she smoothed her front hair with +the other, as she answered Uncle Josh: "No, Deacon Parmenter, I couldn't +bring myself to set such an example. You must take good care of the +boys, and see that they do not get into any mischief. If I was their +mothers, I'd feel safer about them to know you was with 'em." + +Uncle Josh had a spell of coughing just then, and it seemed to last him +till he and the boys were away past the miller's house, and going down +the slope toward the pond. + +It was frozen beautifully, for the weather had been bitterly cold, +without any snow to speak of. The pond was all one glare and glitter, +and more than twenty men and boys were already at work on it, darting +around, like birds on their ringing, spinning, gliding skates. Only that +some of the smaller boys put one more in mind of tumbler pigeons than of +any other kind of birds. + +It was quite wonderful how quickly Joe and Billy had their new skates +on, and Uncle Josh looked immensely pleased to see how well they both +knew how to use them. + +"Why, boys, you haven't tumbled down once. How's that?" + +"Oh, we know how," said Billy; "and the ice is great. Thick ice always +skates better'n thin ice." + +But Uncle Josh had seated himself on the sled, and was hard at work +trying to put on Brother Bob's big skates. + +They fitted him well enough, but he seemed to have a deal of trouble in +getting hold of the straps. + +"Seems as if my feet were further away from me than they were twenty +years ago." + +"Joe," said Billy, "let's help. We can strap 'em for him." + +"That's good, boys. Pull tight. Tighter. Let me stamp a little. +There--one hole tighter. Now buckle." + +And so they went on, till Uncle Josh's skates were strapped, as Joe +Pearce said, "so they couldn't wiggle." + +"That's all right," said Uncle Josh. "Now, you boys, just skate away, +anywhere, and I'll enjoy myself." + +They hardly liked to leave him, but off they went, for the boys to whom +they wanted to show their new skates were away over on the other side of +the pond. + +"I don't know if this ice is twenty feet thick," muttered Uncle Josh, as +he pulled his feet under him, "but it looks twenty miles slippery. Ice +on this pond always freezes with the slippery side up. Steady, now. +There! I'm glad I've got the sled to sit down on." + +It was well it was a good strong sled, with thick ice under it, for +Uncle Josh sat down pretty hard, and he was a fat, jolly, heavy sort of +man. + +He sat right still and laughed for a whole minute, and then he tried it +again. + +This time he succeeded in standing up, and he was just saying to +himself, "I wish Jemima Sanders had come along to see me skate," when +one of his feet began to slip away from him. + +"I know how," he shouted. "There's no help for it. I must strike right +out." + +So he did, and his first slide carried him nearly a rod on that one +skate before he could get the other one down. He did that, however, and +it worked finely, for he had been a good skater when he was a young man. +He had kept hold of the rope-handle of the sled, and it was following +him. That is, when he struck out with a foot he swung his long arms too, +and the sled swung around on the ice as if it was half crazy. + +"What can be the matter with my ankles?" he said to himself. "They used +to be good ankles." + +No doubt; but then the last time he had skated before that, they had not +had so much to carry. + +"Billy," exclaimed Joe Pearce, "Uncle Josh is agoing!" + +"How he does go! Ain't I glad it's thick ice!" + +"Let's go. Come on, boys." + +Other eyes than theirs had been watching Uncle Josh, for everybody knew +him, and nobody had ever seen him skate, and Joe and Billy were followed +by almost all the boys on the pond. + +"Hurrah for Uncle Josh!" + +"Can't he skate, though!" + +"See him go." + +Right across the pond, as if he were in a desperate hurry to reach the +opposite bank before the ice could melt under him, went Uncle Josh, and +with him, all around him, swung the sled. + +It may have served as a sort of balance-wheel, and helped to steady him, +but it could not steer him. Neither could he steer himself, and the next +thing he knew he was headed down the pond, and skating for dear life +toward the dam. + +"If I stop, I shall come down," he said, with a sort of gasp. "I'm +getting out of breath. Good! I'm pointed for the shore again, and +there's a snow-bank." + +All the boys were racing after him now, but they had stopped shouting in +their wonder at what could have got into Uncle Josh. He himself was +beginning to feel very warm, for it was a good while since he had done +so much work in so short a time. + +"Here comes the shore!" But just as he said it, there he was, and the +skate he was sliding on caught in a chip on the ice. + +The wind had been at work to keep the pond clean when it piled that +snow-bank, and had left it all heaped up, white and soft and deep, and +into it went Uncle Josh, head first, while the sled was pitched a rod +beyond him. + +"Get the sled, Billy," said Joe. + +"He skated himself right ashore." + +"Guess he isn't hurt." + +[Illustration: "HURT? NO, INDEED!"] + +"Hurt? No, indeed!" shouted Uncle Josh, as he came up again through the +snow. "That's the way we used to skate when I was a boy. Billy, where's +that sled?" + +He did not seem in any hurry to stand up, but Joe Pearce found his hat, +and handed it to him. + +"Thank you, Joseph. Billy, you may bring the sled right here in front of +me." + +"He wants to sit down," said one of the boys. + +"He's sitting down now," said Joe. But Billy brought the sled, and Uncle +Josh carefully worked himself forward upon it, and began to brush away +the snow. + +"I'm as white as a miller," he chuckled to himself. "Boys, I guess you +may do the rest of my skating for me to-day." + +"Don't those skates fit?" asked Joe. + +"Oh yes, they fit well enough. It's the ice that doesn't fit. It's too +wide for me." + +"Well," said Billy, "we'll pull you across. Take hold, boys." + +"I declare!" began Uncle Josh; but the boys had seized the rope, and +were off in a twinkling. + +"It's fun," they heard him mutter; "but what would Sister Sanders say?" + +"There she is!" exclaimed Billy, "right down by the shore. She's come to +see us skate." + +"Hold on, boys! hold on! Let me get my skates off." + +But there were so many boys pulling and pushing around that sled that +before they could all let go and stop it, the pond had been nearly +crossed, and there was Mrs. Sanders. + +Uncle Josh did not seem to see her at all, and only said, "Now, boys, +just unbuckle my skates for me, will you?" + +It would have been done more quickly if there had not been so many to +help, and by the time one skate was loose, Uncle Josh was laughing +again. + +"Deacon Parmenter!" + +"Is that you, Sister Sanders? They're all safe--every boy of them. Just +wait a moment now, and they'll be ready for you." + +"Ready for me! What can you mean? I'm just amazed and upset, Deacon +Parmenter. A man like you, to be cutting up in such a way as this!" + +"There they are, Sister Sanders. You can put 'em right on. Come and sit +down on the sled. They're a little large for me, but they'll just fit +you; I know they will." + +Uncle Josh had very carefully risen to his feet, and was holding out to +her Brother Bob's big skates, straps and all. Her face grew very rosy +indeed as she looked at them. + +"Fit me!" she exclaimed--"those things fit me! Why, Deacon Parmenter, +what can you mean?" + +"Too small, eh? Well, now, I'd ha' thought--" + +But Mrs. Sanders turned right around and marched away toward her own +house without saying another word. + +"Boys," said Uncle Josh, "the skating is fine, but there isn't any more +of it than you'll want. Billy, take care of Brother Bob's skates for +him. I hope you'll all have a good time." + +He was edging and sliding along toward the shore while he was talking, +and the last they heard him say was, + +"I can skate well enough, but I'm afraid somebody else'll have to do my +walking for me for a week or two." + +"He's just the best man in the village," said Joe Pearce. + +"So he is," said Billy; "but I'm glad the ice was thick. What would we +have done if he'd broken through?" + +"That's why fat men like him don't skate, Billy. Did you see what a hole +he made in that there snow-bank?" + +He had, and so had the rest, but they all skated a race across the pond +to take another look at it, and wonder how he ever managed to get out. + + + + +SHIPS PAST AND PRESENT.--[SEE PAGE 162.] + +[Illustration: SHIPS OF COLUMBUS.] + +[Illustration: NORWEGIAN SHIP OF THE TENTH CENTURY.] + +[Illustration: THE FIRST OCEAN STEAM-SHIP.] + +[Illustration: THE "MAYFLOWER."] + +[Illustration: OCEAN STEAM-SHIP OF TO-DAY.] + +[Illustration: AMERICAN CLIPPER SHIP.] + +SHIPS PAST AND PRESENT. + + +On page 161 are given illustrations of six different styles of vessels, +all of which are correct drawings of ships that in different ages have +acted important parts in the history of this continent. + +The upper right-hand picture represents a Norwegian war ship of the +tenth century, and in such a one Scandinavian traditions assert that, +early in the eleventh century, Olaf Ericsson and his hardy crew sailed +into the unknown west for many a day, until at length they reached the +shores of America. On the authority of these same traditions, some +people assert that the structure known as the "old stone mill of +Newport" was erected by this same Olaf Ericsson, and left by him as a +monument of his discovery. + +If Ericsson and his men did make the voyage across the unknown ocean, it +was a very brave thing for them to do, for as the picture shows their +ship was a very small affair when compared with the magnificent vessels +of to-day, and was ill fitted to battle with the storms of the Atlantic. +She was of about ten tons burden, or as large as an oyster sloop of +to-day, and carried a crew of twenty-five men. A single mast was stepped +amidships, and this supported the one large square sail which was all +that ships of those days carried. Well forward of the mast was a single +bank of oars, or long sweeps, that were used when the wind was +unfavorable, or during calms. + +Although this style of craft appears very queer to us, in those days it +was considered the perfection of marine architecture, and in these +little ships the fierce Scandinavian Vikings, or sea-rovers, became the +scourge and terror of the Northern seas. + +The upper left-hand picture represents three ships very different in +style from the first, but still looking very queer and clumsy. They are +the ships in which, in--who can tell the date?--"Columbus crossed the +ocean blue," and made that discovery of America which history records as +the first. These caravels, as they were called, were named the _Santa +Maria_, _Pinta_, and _Nina_. The first-named was much larger than the +others, and was commanded by Columbus in person; but large as she was +then considered, she would now be thought very small for a man-of-war, +as she was, for she was only ninety feet in length. She had four masts, +of which two were fitted with square and two with lateen sails, and her +crew consisted of sixty-six men. In old descriptions of this vessel it +is mentioned that she was provided with eight anchors, which seems a +great many for so small a ship to carry. The other two vessels were much +smaller, and were open except for a very short deck aft. They were each +provided with three masts, rigged with lateen-sails. + +From this time forth a rapid improvement took place in the building of +ships. They were made larger and stronger, as well as more comfortable; +a reduction was made in the absurd height of the stern, or poop, and +much useless ornamentation about the bows and stern was done away with. + +In the third picture is shown a model ship of the seventeenth century, +which is none other than the _Mayflower_, in which, in 1620, the +Pilgrims crossed the ocean in search of a place for a new home, which +they finally made for themselves at Plymouth. + +During the eighteenth century trade increased so rapidly between the +American colonies and the mother country that the demand for ships was +very great, and the sailing vessels built then and early in the present +century have not since been excelled for speed or beauty. But a great +change was about to take place; and early in this century people began +to say that before long ships would be able to sail without either the +aid of wind or oars, and in 1807 Robert Fulton built the first +steamboat. Twelve years later the first ocean steamer was built, and +made a successful voyage across the Atlantic. She was named the +_Savannah_, and our fourth picture shows what she looked like. + +The last two pictures are those of a full-rigged clipper ship of to-day +under all sail, and one of the magnificent ocean steamers that ply so +swiftly between New York and Liverpool, making in eight or nine days the +voyage that it took the _Savannah_ thirty days to make. + + + + +THE RABBITS' FETE. + +BY MRS. E. P. PERRIN. + + +"Good-night, little girl. Go to nurse, and ask her to pop you right into +bed." + +The front door was shut, and Ellie hurried up stairs to the great hall +window, and looked out to see her mamma and pretty Aunt Janet get into +the sleigh and drive off. "Hark!" she says to herself, "how nice the +bells sound! They keep saying, + + 'Jingle bells, jingle bells, + Jingle all the way; + Oh, what fun it is to ride + In a one-horse open sleigh!' + +It's just as light as day out-doors. The moon makes the snow look like +frosted cake. I can see the croquet ground as plain as can be, and it +looks like a great square loaf. There's the arbor, and the seats in it +have white cushions on them. How funny it would be to play croquet on +the ice! Only the balls would go so fast we should have to put on skates +to catch them. I can see ever and ever so far--'way over to the woods +where Jack sets his traps. He says they are chock-full of rabbits; but I +don't believe him, for he never catches any. What's that moving on the +edge of the grove? What can it be? Oh, it's lots of them! They are +coming this way, and I can hear them laughing and talking." + +Ellie watched, and soon saw a troop of rabbits hopping along toward the +lawn. + +"Why, I do believe it is a rabbit party. How lucky it is I haven't gone +to bed!" + +On they came, chattering in the funniest way, and dressed in the top of +the fashion. One who seemed to be the leader said: "Ladies and +gentlemen, this is the spot. You see how level it is for dancing, and we +can have a game at croquet if you choose. The band will now strike up; +and take partners, if you please, for a waltz." + +Ellie wondered where the band was, but the strains of "Sweet Evelina, +dear Evelina," came floating on the air, and, looking up, she saw two +crows perched on the bar from which the swing hung in summer. One had a +little fiddle, and the other a flute. + +"That's the queerest thing yet," thought Ellie. "The idea of a crow +being able to play on anything, when they make such a horrid noise +cawing! The night crows must be different from the day ones." + +After the waltz was ended, and the couples were promenading, Ellie took +a good look at the young ladies and their lovely dresses. There was one +so beautiful she was charmed by her. She was as fair as a lily, and so +gentle and sweet Ellie called her the belle of the ball. A little gray +fellow never left her side, and could not do enough for her. He called +her Alicia, and Ellie did not wonder he seemed so fond of her. She +noticed, too, a tall young lady who had a white face with a black nose. +She looked very cross, but was much dressed in a scarlet silk, with a +long train, which gave her no end of trouble, for it was always in the +way. Ellie heard her say, in the crossest way: "I suppose Alicia thinks +she looks well to-night with that high comb in her head. I call her a +perfect fright." + +"You only say so because you haven't one," answered her companion. "I +think it is very becoming, and it makes her veil float out beautifully +behind." + +The leader called out, "Take partners for the Lancers!" and they quickly +formed into sets. + +They danced to perfection; even the "grand square" was got through +without a blunder. The leader was unlucky enough to step upon the +scarlet train, and its wearer turned upon him, crying out: "I do wish, +Mr. Hopkins, you wouldn't be so clumsy! You will tear my dress off me." + +He humbly begged her pardon, but told his partner he should look out and +not get in the same set with Matilda again; she was as disagreeable as +ever. "Just because her grandmother was French, she gives herself great +airs. She is no better than the rest of us." + +After the Lancers was finished, Matilda went to the arbor to get her +train pinned up. It was sadly torn. While one of the matrons was at work +upon it, Ellie listened to the conversation. + +"Why isn't Mrs. Gray here to-night?" asked one. + +"Don't you know she has eight little ones a week old to-day?" + +"Oh, indeed! Her hands must be full. I have been so busy with my own +affairs, I know nothing about my neighbors'. But who is that who has +just arrived? Mr. Hopkins will surely break his neck trying to get to +him." + +"That must be Lord Lepus; he belongs to the Hare family, one of the most +aristocratic in England. I heard he was to be invited. What an honor!--a +nobleman at our New-Year's fete." + +Matilda grew impatient, and pulled her dress away, saying, "That will +do; I hope you've been long enough about it," and without a word of +thanks hurried to join the young people. + +"How very rude she is!" thought Ellie. "I always thought that French +people were polite." + +Her attention was drawn to the new arrival. "He must be what Jack calls +a swell," thought she, "with that long coat almost touching his heels, +and his button-hole bouquet of carnations, heliotrope, and smilax. How +does he keep that one eyeglass in his eye? It never moves, and yet he +skips about like a grasshopper." + +"Shall I present your lordship to one of the ladies?" asked Mr. Hopkins. +"Any of them will be only too happy to dance with you." + +"Aw, really now!" answered Lord Lepus. "'Pon my word, they are all such +charming creatures, it is hard to choose. Who is the little one with the +blue veil standing with the gentleman in demi-toilet of gray?" + +"That is Alicia. The gentleman is Mr. Golightly. They are to be married +soon." + +"How extremely interesting! Pray present me." + +His lordship secured the blushing Alicia for a waltz, and was so well +pleased with his partner he danced with her again and again. + +After the last dance, Ellie saw Mr. Hopkins setting out the wickets for +croquet. The balls were lady apples with different colored ribbons tied +to the stems, and the mallets were cat-o'-nine-tails, with the pussy end +going the other way. + +"Well," thought she, "I don't see but that rabbits know as much as +people. I wonder how they will play." + +She did not have to wonder long, for they were at it almost before she +had done thinking. Lord Lepus was a fine player. Alicia was his partner, +and with his help her balls went flying through the wickets in a +twinkling. Golightly and Matilda were in the same game, and did their +prettiest; but his lordship was too much for them. + +At last when Alicia sent Matilda's ball spinning, and struck the stake +for her partner and then for herself, Matilda flew in a rage, and +lifting her mallet, struck Alicia a blow on the head, which drove the +teeth of her comb down into the pretty white skin. Poor Alicia gave one +cry, and dropped senseless. Golightly was beside himself with grief, and +pushing Lord Lepus aside as he sprang to her aid, cried, "Away! away! +You took her from me in life: she is mine in death." + +"I beg pardon--" politely began his lordship, but was interrupted by +Mrs. Muff, Alicia's chaperon, who calmly ordered Golightly to stop his +noise, and help Mr. Hopkins carry her charge to the arbor. + +"Oh, what shall we do?" groaned Golightly, beating his brow with his +hand. + +"Do," repeated Mrs. Muff; "why, send for a porous plaster. Here, +Skipjack, run to Dr. Pine as fast as you can, and fetch me one." + +In a moment he was back with it, and Mrs. Muff quickly clapped it upon +Alicia's head. Ellie looked on with breathless interest, and soon Alicia +slowly opened her eyes, and looking up, said, in a soft voice, "Dear +Golightly!" + +Mrs. Muff skillfully jerked off the plaster, and Ellie saw the teeth of +the comb sticking to it. + +"Bless my soul! it's the most extraordinary thing," cried his lordship. + +"Oh, that's nothing," replied Mrs. Muff; "I always use them when my +children are teething, with great success. But where is Matilda?" + +"The poor girl was terribly cut up, you know, and ran away toward the +woods," answered Lord Lepus. "How does the charming Alicia find herself? +Well enough to join us, I hope." + +"She must rest awhile. A short nap will entirely restore her," said Mrs. +Muff. + +At that moment Mr. Hopkins put his head in the arbor, and announced +supper was served. + +"Now," said Mrs. Muff, "while you are at supper Alicia shall go to +sleep, and I will watch her." + +Ellie looked out, and saw a table spread on the croquet ground. "Well, +well, how quick rabbits are! I wonder what they have to eat;" and she +ran along with the rest of the party to find out. The table was loaded +with nice things--apples and celery in abundance, and piles and piles of +popped corn. Lord Lepus had never seen any before, and was so much +pleased with it, Mr. Hopkins ordered a waiter to fill a bag and give it +to his lordship when he left. "How strange," thought Ellie; "mamma says +it is very impolite to carry away anything to eat when you go to +parties. But perhaps it is different with rabbits." + +When they had finished supper, Mr. Cawkins and son--the band--came +flapping down and picked up everything that was on the table. "I suppose +that playing makes them hungry," thought Ellie; "but how fast they do +eat!" + +When the last kernel of popped corn had disappeared, the crows flew back +to their perch and began to play the liveliest, merriest tune Ellie had +ever heard. Mr. Hopkins said to Lord Lepus, "Will your lordship join us +in dancing the merry-go-round? It is our national dance, and we always +have it on New-Year's Eve." + +"I shall be most happy; and here comes the fair Alicia, looking as fresh +as a daisy. I will secure her for my partner." + +But Mr. Hopkins formed them into a circle, and they began to dance +around, singing as they went. Ellie listened, and caught the words, + + "Come dance, come dance the merry-go-round, + With sprightly leap and joyous bound. + We'll grasp each hand with right good cheer, + And welcome in the glad new year. + Oh, the merry-go-round, the merry-go-round, + We'll dance till day is dawning." + +They flew around fast and faster, till Ellie could not tell one from +another. They looked like a streak on the snow. + +"Dear me, how dizzy they will get! Poor Alicia will certainly have the +headache," thought Ellie; but still quicker went the music, and still +faster flew the dancers. All of a sudden Ellie was startled by a loud +"caw." She felt some one shaking her shoulder, and a voice in her ear +said, "Wake up, Miss Ellie, wake up. The hall clock has just struck half +past nine, and to think of your being out of bed at this hour! What will +your mamma say? That giddy-pate Sarah told me she would undress you, for +I was called away." + +"I am so glad," said sleepy little Ellie, "for I have seen the +merry-go-round." + +Nurse gathered her up in her arms, and bore her to the nursery. + +"Nursey," asked Ellie, "are English hares better than our rabbits?" + +"Yes, miss, much better for soup." + +"Soup!" cried Ellie; "how dreadful, when he was so beautifully dressed!" + +"Yes," said nurse, "we like to have them dressed; they are so hard to +skin." + +"What do you mean?" exclaimed Ellie. "He wore such a beautiful long +coat, and had on a locket and three rings." + +"Dear me," thought nurse, "she has been in the moonlight so long I am +afraid it has turned her brain. She certainly seems a little looney. The +sooner she is undressed and in her bed, the better." + +"Oh, nursey, the next time baby has any teeth coming, put on a porous +plaster, and it will pull them right through his gums." + +"Bless the child! What is she talking about now? Hares and plasters! The +moon is a dangerous thing, and Sarah shall be well scolded for her +neglect." + +As Ellie laid her head on the pillow, she said, "They danced the +merry-go-round, and at the end of every verse they sang, 'Oh, the +merry-go-round, the merry-go-round, we'll--dance--till--day--'" + +Nurse looked, and saw that little Ellie was fast asleep. + + + + +A WISE DOG. + + +Many anecdotes have been published respecting dogs, proving that, +besides giving evidence of being endowed with certain moral qualities, +they possess and exercise memory, reasoning powers, and forethought; +they can communicate with each other, form plans, and act in concert. +The subject, however, is by no means exhausted, and dog stories almost +always meet with a welcome reception, especially from juvenile readers. + +The following story gives an instance, in the first place, of two dogs +combining to perform a certain action; in the second place, it shows +that one of these dogs evidently understood from the conversation of his +master and another man the consequences likely to result from this +action, and that he thereupon formed and carried out a plan to avoid +them. + +[Illustration: COME OUT AND HAVE SOME FUN.] + +A farmer who resided in a town on the borders of Dartmoor was the owner +of a valuable sheep-dog. So skillful was this dog in collecting and +driving the sheep, that he almost performed the part of a shepherd. If +the farmer, on his return from market, wanted the sheep to be driven to +the field, he had only to say, "Keeper, take the sheep to field," and +the dog would collect the flock and drive them to the field without +suffering a single one to stray. But the proverb, "Evil communications +corrupt good manners," is as applicable to dogs as to men. Keeper got +acquainted with another dog, which proved to be of disreputable +character, and like other disreputable characters, had a habit of +rambling about at night. When the farmer was smoking his evening pipe by +the kitchen fire, and Keeper was stretched along the hearth, apparently +asleep, a low bark would be heard outside; Keeper would prick up his +ears, and when the door was opened, would make his escape and join his +companion, and then away would go both dogs on a ramble. + +This game was carried on for some little time; Keeper's bad habits were +not suspected at home, and he did his duty by his master's sheep as +faithfully as ever. In the mean time it became known in the town that a +few miles distant many sheep had been "worried" by dogs, but as yet the +culprit or culprits had not been discovered. It may, perhaps, be as well +to explain that by "worrying" sheep is meant that they have been +attacked by dogs, which seize the sheep by the throat, bite them, and +suck the blood, and then leave them to perish. In a single night one dog +has been known to "worry" forty sheep. No wonder such animals are a +terror to farmers. Besides, if a dog once takes to "worrying" sheep, he +never leaves off the habit. + +One evening as the farmer sat by his fire smoking and conversing with a +neighbor, Keeper as usual basking by the fire, and waiting the expected +call of his dog companion, the conversation turned on the great number +of sheep that had been lately "worried" and destroyed, and the loss that +would ensue to the farmers. + +"Well," said the neighbor, "we caught one on 'em, with his mouth and +coat bloody, and we hanged him up on the spot. They do say thy dog +Keeper was with un." + +"It is too true, he was there," replied the farmer; then looking at the +apparently sleeping dog, and shaking his head at him, he said, "Thee +knows thee has been with un. Thy turn will come next. We'll hang thee up +to-morrow." + +Keeper lay still, pretending sleep, but with his ears open. He had heard +his death-warrant, and was determined that it should not be carried into +execution if he could prevent it. When the outer door was opened, he +slunk off quietly, and was never seen again. + +What became of him was never known. + +Who will say after this that dogs do not understand the conversation of +men, especially when it relates to "worrying" sheep, and the punishment +it entails on the guilty dogs? + + + + +[Illustration: Music: A Fox went out in a hungry plight.] + + * * * * * + +=The Lesson of the Bath.=--One of the most valuable discoveries made by +Archimedes, the famous scholar of Syracuse, in Sicily, relates to the +weight of bodies immersed in water. Hiero, King of Syracuse, had given a +lump of gold to be made into a crown, and when it came back he suspected +that the workmen had kept back some of the gold, and had made up the +weight by adding more than the right quantity of silver; but he had no +means of proving this, because they had made it weigh as much as the +gold which had been sent. Archimedes, puzzling over this problem, went +to his bath. As he stepped in he saw the water, which his body +displaced, rise to a higher level in the bath, and to the astonishment +of his servants he sprang out of the water, and ran home through the +streets of Syracuse almost naked, crying, "_Eureka! Eureka!_" ("I have +found it! I have found it!"). + +What had he found? He had discovered that any solid body put into a +vessel of water displaces a quantity of water equal to its own bulk, and +therefore that equal weights of two substances, one light and bulky, and +the other heavy and small, will displace different quantities of water. +This discovery enabled him to solve his problem. He procured one lump of +gold and another of silver, each weighing exactly the same as the crown. +Of course the lumps were not the same size, because silver is lighter +than gold, and so it takes more of it to make up the same weight. He +first put the gold into a basin of water, and marked on the side of the +vessel the height to which the water rose. + +Next, taking out the gold, he put in the silver, which, though it +weighed the same, yet, being larger, made the water rise higher; and +this height he also marked. Lastly, he took out the silver and put in +the crown. Now if the crown had been pure gold, the water would have +risen only up to the mark of the gold, but it rose higher, and stood +between the gold and silver marks, showing that silver had been mixed +with it, making it more bulky; and by calculating how much water was +displaced, Archimedes could estimate roughly how much silver had been +added. This was the first attempt to measure the _specific gravity_ of +different substances; that is, the weight of any particular substance +compared to an equal bulk of some other substance taken as a standard. +In weighing solids or liquids, water is the usual standard. + + * * * * * + +=How this Solid Earth keeps Changing.=--The student of history reads of +the great sea-fight which King Edward III. fought with the French off +Sluys; how in those days the merchant vessels came up to the walls of +that flourishing sea-port by every tide; and how, a century later, a +Portuguese fleet conveyed Isabella from Lisbon, and an English fleet +brought Margaret of York from the Thames, to marry successive Dukes of +Burgundy at the port of Sluys. In our time, if a modern traveller drives +twelve miles out of Bruges, across the Dutch frontier, he will find a +small agricultural town, surrounded by corn fields and meadows and +clumps of trees, whence the sea is not in sight from the top of the +town-hall steeple. This is Sluys. + +Once more. We turn to the great Baie du Mont Saint Michel, between +Normandy and Brittany. In Roman authors we read of the vast forest +called "Setiacum Nemus," in the centre of which an isolated rock arose, +surmounted by a temple of Jupiter, once a college of Druidesses. Now the +same rock, with its glorious pile dedicated to St. Michael, is +surrounded by the sea at high tides. The story of this transformation is +even more striking than that of Sluys, and its adequate narration justly +earned for M. Manet the gold medal of the French Geographical Society in +1828. + +Once again. Let us turn for a moment to the Mediterranean shores of +Spain, and the mountains of Murcia. Those rocky heights, whose peaks +stand out against the deep blue sky, scarcely support a blade of +vegetation. The algarobas and olives at their bases are artificially +supplied with soil. It is scarcely credible that these are the same +mountains which, according to the forest-book of King Alfonso el Sabio, +were once clothed to their summits with pines and other forest trees, +while soft clouds and mist hung over a rounded, shaggy outline of wood +where now the naked rocks make a hard line against the burnished sky. +But Arab and Spanish chroniclers alike record the facts, and +geographical science explains the cause. There is scarcely a district in +the whole range of the civilized world where some equally interesting +geographical story has not been recorded, and where the same valuable +lessons may not be taught. This is comparative geography. + + + + +[Illustration: OUR POST-OFFICE BOX.] + + +That our youthful correspondents may not think we slight any of their +favors, we would say that we regret exceedingly that our limited space +compels us to print so few of their prettily worded and neatly written +letters. We thank you all for your praise and hearty goodwill, but while +we read all your comments on _Young People_ with attention, as in that +way we learn what pleases you best, we must choose for printing those +letters which tell something of interest to other young readers. + +To one thing we would call your attention. When you send drawings of +"Wiggles" and other picture puzzles, be careful to do it on a separate +piece of paper. Your letters are all recorded, and filed away, and if +your idea for a "Wiggle" is drawn on the same piece of paper on which +you write your letter, it makes confusion. We hope our young +correspondents will pay attention to this suggestion. + + * * * * * + + ISHPEMING, MICHIGAN. + + In _Harper's Young People_, No. 10, Mr. Lossing wrote about + "Putnam's Narrow Escape." He said his informant was General + Ebenezer Mead. Please tell Mr. Lossing that General Mead was my + great-grandfather. I am nine years old. I was born in Evergreen, + Louisiana, and came North when I was only three weeks old, so I + don't remember about any home but where I live now. + + BEN BRYANT HILL. + + * * * * * + + DEL NORTE, COLORADO. + + I am ten years old, and live away out in the Rocky Mountains. I + went down to the hotel last night, and saw the twelve Ute chiefs + who are on the way to Washington. Ouray, the head chief, had his + wife with him. There being but one chair in the room, she very + kindly sat flat upon the floor, and allowed her husband to occupy + the chair. + + WALLACE S. + + * * * * * + + SHEEPSCOTT BRIDGE, MAINE. + + I am eleven years old. My father tells me lots of stories about + Indians, and shows me the places where some poor people were killed + by them. Our field takes in a part of Garrison Hill, where people + used to come into the fort when the Indians came. My father says + Sheepscott is a very old place, and the Pilgrims came here for + corn. Close by our field is an old barn where the Indians came when + some men were threshing, and fired on them, and killed two and took + their scalps off, and one man hit back at them with his flail, and + broke an Indian's arm, and they carried him prisoner to Canada. It + says so on his old grave-stone, and I have seen it. My grandfather + shot bears, but there are none here now. The people here build + little houses on the ice, and catch lots of smelts through a hole + in the ice. Sometimes there are as many as a hundred houses. The + smelts are sent to New York. I like _Young People_, and hope I + shall always get it. + + CLARENCE E. C. + + * * * * * + + WARREN, OHIO. + + I want to tell you about my dogs. I have two coach-dogs; Spot and + Sport are their names. I used to drive them in a sleigh, and they + would draw me all about the town. I trained them all myself. Sport + was just like some horses; he would back and kick and chew his + harness. One day he chewed it all to pieces. Spot was good all the + time. I am older now, and drive ponies. I drove the dogs when I was + five years old. + + ALASKA P. + + * * * * * + + EMPORIA, KANSAS. + + My uncle gave me a little axe on New-Year's Day, of which I am very + proud, and make good use of it by cutting wood for my mamma, but + Kansas wood is very hard to split. My papa says, "Where there is a + will there is a way," and I am going to earn money enough with my + axe to subscribe for _Young People_. + + PORTER HUNTER. + + * * * * * + + EAST SMITHFIELD, PENNSYLVANIA. + + I have a canary. His name is Willie. He sings very sweetly, but he + has not bathed for a long time. Do you know any way to make him + take his bath? + + MARY. + +Sometimes canaries will not bathe in cold weather. You must give your +bird tepid water, otherwise it will get chilled, and sicken. Try putting +the bath dish in its cage and leaving it alone. Some canaries will never +bathe if they are watched. + + * * * * * + + PEABODY, MASSACHUSETTS. + + I have two Maltese cats exactly alike. One of them will eat + pea-nuts faster than I can crack them. The one that eats pea-nuts + has a bad cold. What can I do for her? + + HARRY P. H. + +Your kitty has a very funny appetite. Keep her in a warm corner by the +fire, and give her plenty of warm milk to drink, and her cold will get +well. A little weak catnip tea mixed with the milk would do her good. + + * * * * * + +Robie I. G. has a kitty which climbs up on the balusters every morning +and tries to open his chamber door; Carlotta P. writes that her kitties +Betsy and Busti play with balls, and run up the curtains as if they were +climbing trees; Charlie M. S., Annie C. and Maggie W., Mattie V. S., and +Ida R. L., also write of pet cats and dogs and birds. + + * * * * * + +MAYNARD A. M.--Your story and poems are very pretty, and show much fancy +and imagination for a boy of your age, but we have not room to print +them. We return them to Detroit, Michigan, the only address you give. + + * * * * * + +"MYSTIC."--Your drawing is very well done, but we can not use it. + + * * * * * + +MISS A. T.--There is no commentary on Pope's translation of Homer, but +many interesting papers have been published on the subject. + + * * * * * + +EDWARD M. VAN C.--Your letter was a long time reaching its destination, +as it first took a trip to the Dead-letter Office at Washington, and was +forwarded to us from there. Like the little girl mentioned in the paper +on the Dead-letter Office in _Young People_, No. 11, you posted it +_without a stamp_. + + * * * * * + +E. L. M.--You write a very pretty letter considering that you are "only +a little girl nine years old," and you need not feel nervous in future. + + * * * * * + +MISS E. W.--Many thanks for the charming letter and poem you so kindly +forward from the bright little nine-year-old girl, Jennie Lancaster, of +Marshall, Texas. + + * * * * * + +ADDIE W. P.--The quotation you wish is probably this: "Nothing in his +life became him like the leaving it." It occurs in Shakspeare's play of +_Macbeth_, act first, scene fourth. + + * * * * * + +GEORGE O. D.--We are very sorry you are so unfortunate, and trust the +weekly visit of _Young People_ will continue to brighten the monotony of +your illness. + + * * * * * + +W. T. DOTY.--The incident you mention must be taken as an exception to a +general rule, as the personal observation of many students of natural +history establishes the statement to which you demur. + + * * * * * + +ETHEL S. M.--Either spelling of the word is correct. The form you object +to is more often used by American writers than the one you found in your +English history. + + * * * * * + +Favors are acknowledged from Esther B., Minnesota; Osborn D., Arkansas; +Bert C. S., Iowa; Tillie F. W., Maryland; Ethel P., Washington, D. C.; +Willie Baldwin, Massachusetts; Louis C. V., New Jersey. From +Connecticut--Archie H. L., "Daisy." From New York--M. Cohn, Addie +and A. Goodnow. From Missouri--Charlie B., Theodore W. B. From +Illinois--S. M. H., Marion Potter. From California--Mary M. Carr, Arthur +White. + + * * * * * + +Correct answers to puzzles are received from Charlie A. T., Illinois; +H. W. Singer, Ohio; Florence and Pauline W., California; J. T. Newcombe, +Michigan; Ida U. B., Minnesota; John R. Glen, Georgia; S. Addison W., +Maryland; C. S. C., Connecticut; J. H. Hassett, New Hampshire. From +Massachusetts--A. A. Gilmore, Stanley King, C. H. A., A. F. C. From New +York--Thomas H. Van T., F. W. P., Mabel L., William MacG., Walter L., +H. and B., Rufus W. T., E. S., F. Bisbee. Oscar F., New Jersey. + +Many of these answers are given in very neat operations in figures. + + * * * * * + +Answers to Mathematical Puzzles in No. 10: + +No. 5.--While selling their apples separately the boys received an +average price of two and one-twelfth cents per apple. The boy who sold +the whole lot together received only two cents per apple, losing +one-twelfth of a cent on each. This loss on sixty apples amounted to +five cents. + +No. 6.--Mother's age, sixty-five; oldest daughter's, thirty; second +daughter's, twenty; youngest daughter's, fifteen. + + + + +ADVERTISEMENTS. + + + + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE. + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE will be issued every Tuesday, and may be had at +the following rates--_payable in advance, postage free_: + + SINGLE COPIES $0.04 + ONE SUBSCRIPTION, _one year_ 1.50 + FIVE SUBSCRIPTIONS, _one year_ 7.00 + +Subscriptions may begin with any Number. When no time is specified, it +will be understood that the subscriber desires to commence with the +Number issued after the receipt of order. + +Remittances should be made by POST-OFFICE MONEY ORDER or DRAFT, to avoid +risk of loss. + +ADVERTISING. + +The extent and character of the circulation of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE +will render it a first-class medium for advertising. A limited number of +approved advertisements will be inserted on two inside pages at 75 cents +per line. + + Address + HARPER & BROTHERS, + Franklin Square, N. Y. + + + + +A LIBERAL OFFER FOR 1880 ONLY. + +HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE _and_ HARPER'S WEEKLY _will be sent to any address +for one year, commencing with the first Number of_ HARPER'S WEEKLY _for +January, 1880, on receipt of $5.00 for the two Periodicals_. + + + + +=PLAYS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE=, with Songs and Choruses, adapted for Private +Theatricals. With the Music and necessary directions for getting them +up. Sent on receipt of 30 cents, by HAPPY HOURS COMPANY, No. 5 Beekman +Street, New York. Send your address for a Catalogue of Tableaux, +Charades, Pantomimes, Plays, Reciters, Masks, Colored Fire, &c., &c. + + + + +CANDY + +Send one, two, three, or five dollars for a sample box, by express, of +the best Candies in America, put up elegantly and strictly pure. Refers +to all Chicago. Address + + C. F. GUNTHER, + Confectioner, + 78 MADISON STREET, CHICAGO. + + + + +WOODEN WEDDING PRESENTS + +Ready-made and to order. + +SCROLL SAWS, DESIGNS, AND WOOD, + +At LITTLE'S TOOL STORE, 59 Fulton St., N. Y. City. + +Circulars free by mail. + + + + +DU CHAILLU'S STORIES + +OF + +ADVENTURES IN AFRICA. + + * * * * * + +Stories of the Gorilla Country. + + By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +It is a capital book for boys. * * * The stories it contains are +full of the kind of novelty, peril, and adventure which are so +fascinating.--_Spectator_, London. + +These stories are entertaining and are well told, and they are +calculated to impart much knowledge of natural history to youthful +readers.--_Boston Traveller._ + + * * * * * + +Wild Life under the Equator. + + By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +The amount of enjoyment that was afforded to the children by the +previous work of this author, "Stories of the Gorilla Country," is +beyond computation. * * * We have read every word of "Wild Life under +the Equator" with the liveliest interest and satisfaction No ingenious +youth of twelve in the land will find it more "awfully jolly" than did +we.--_N. Y. Evening Post._ + + * * * * * + +Lost in the Jungle. + + By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +Full of adventures with savage men and wild beasts; shows how these +strange people live, what they eat and drink, how they build, and what +they worship; and will instruct as well as amuse.--_Boston Journal._ + +A whole granary of information, dressed up in such a form as to make it +nutritious for young minds, as well as attractive for youthful +appetites.--_Philadelphia Ledger._ + + * * * * * + +My Apingi Kingdom: + + With Life in the Great Sahara, and Sketches of the Chase of the + Ostrich, Hyena, &c. By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, + Cloth, $1.50. + +In this book Mr. Du Chaillu relates the story of his sojourn in Apingi +Land, of which he was elected king by the kind-hearted and hospitable +natives. * * * We assure the reader that it is full of stirring +incidents and exciting adventures. Many chapters are exceedingly +humorous, and others are quite instructive. The chapter, for instance, +on the habits of the white and tree ants contains an interesting +contribution to natural history.--_N. Y. Herald._ + + * * * * * + +The Country of the Dwarfs. + + By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. Illustrated. 12mo, Cloth, $1.50. + +Hail to thee, Paul! thou hero of single-handed combats with gorillas and +every imaginable beast that ever howled through the deserts, from the +elephant to the kangaroo; thou unscathed survivor of a thousand-and-one +vicissitudes by fire, field, and flood; thou glowing historian of thine +own superlatively glorious deeds: thou writer of books that make the +hairs of the children stand on every available end; thou proud king of +the Apingi savages of the equator; hail! we say.--_Utica Herald._ + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, N. Y. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +ABBOTTS' ILLUSTRATED HISTORIES. + + * * * * * + +HISTORICAL BIOGRAPHIES. By JACOB ABBOTT and JOHN S. C. ABBOTT. The +Volumes of this Series are printed and bound uniformly, and contain +numerous Illustrations. 16mo, Cloth, $1.00 per volume; Set in box, 32 +vols., $32.00. + + Cyrus the Great. + Darius the Great. + Xerxes. + Alexander the Great. + Romulus. + Hannibal. + Pyrrhus. + Julius Caesar. + Cleopatra. + Nero. + Alfred the Great. + William the Conqueror. + Richard I. + Richard II. + Richard III. + Margaret of Anjou. + Mary Queen of Scots. + Queen Elizabeth. + Charles I. + Charles II. + Hernando Cortez. + Henry IV. + Louis XIV. + Maria Antoinette. + Madame Roland. + Josephine. + Joseph Bonaparte. + Hortense. + Louis Philippe. + Genghis Khan. + King Philip. + Peter the Great. + +For the convenience of buyers, these Histories have been divided into +Six Series, as follows: + +I. + +_Founders of Empires._ + + CYRUS. + DARIUS. + XERXES. + ALEXANDER. + GENGHIS KHAN. + PETER THE GREAT. + +II. + +_Heroes of Roman History._ + + ROMULUS. + HANNIBAL. + PYRRHUS. + JULIUS CAESAR. + NERO. + +III. + +_Earlier British Kings and Queens._ + + ALFRED. + WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR. + RICHARD I. + RICHARD II. + MARGARET OF ANJOU. + +IV. + +_Later British Kings and Queens._ + + RICHARD III. + MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. + ELIZABETH. + CHARLES I. + CHARLES II. + +V. + +_Queens and Heroines._ + + CLEOPATRA. + MARIA ANTOINETTE. + JOSEPHINE. + HORTENSE. + MADAME ROLAND. + +VI. + +_Rulers of Later Times._ + + KING PHILIP. + HERNANDO CORTEZ. + HENRY IV. + LOUIS XIV. + JOSEPH BONAPARTE. + LOUIS PHILIPPE. + + * * * * * + +ABRAHAM LINCOLN'S OPINION OF ABBOTTS' HISTORIES. + +In a conversation with the President just before his death, Mr. Lincoln +said: "_I want to thank you and your brother for Abbotts' Series of +Histories. I have not education enough to appreciate the profound works +of voluminous historians; and if I had, I have no time to read them. But +your Series of Histories gives me, in brief compass, just that knowledge +of past men and events which I need. I have read them with the interest. +To them I am indebted for about all the historical knowledge I have._" + + * * * * * + +PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS, NEW YORK. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +"_A book beyond the pale of criticism._" + + N. Y. DAILY GRAPHIC. + + * * * * * + +Boy Travellers in the Far East. + + * * * * * + +ADVENTURES OF + +TWO YOUTHS IN A JOURNEY + +TO + +JAPAN AND CHINA. + +Illustrated, 8vo, Cloth, $3.00. + + * * * * * + +A more attractive book for boys and girls can scarcely be +imagined.--_N. Y. Times._ + +The best thing for a boy who cannot go to China and Japan is to get this +book and read it.--_Philadelphia Ledger._ + +One of the richest and most entertaining books for young people, both in +text, illustrations, and binding, which has ever come to our +table.--_Providence Press._ + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, N. Y. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +A BOOK FOR EVERYBODY. + + * * * * * + +Ninth Edition now Ready. + + * * * * * + +=HOW TO GET STRONG, AND HOW TO STAY SO.= By WILLIAM BLAIKIE. With +Illustrations. 16mo, Cloth, $1.00. + + * * * * * + +Your book is timely. Its large circulation cannot fail to be of great +public benefit.--Rev. HENRY WARD BEECHER. + +It is a book of extraordinary merit in matter and style, and does you +great credit as a thinker and writer.--Hon. CALVIN E. PRATT, _of the New +York Supreme Bench_. + +A capital little treatise. It is the very book for ministers to +study.--Rev. THEODORE L. CUYLER, D.D., _in New York Evangelist_. + + * * * * * + +Published by HARPER & BROTHERS, New York. + +_Sent by mail, postage prepaid, to any part of the United States, on +receipt of the price._ + + + + +[Illustration] + +PUZZLE PICTURE. + + +The envelope in the middle of this picture is supposed to contain a +number of letters. These letters taken from the envelope, and correctly +placed before the several objects shown in the picture, will transform +them into wild animals. + + + + +THROWING LIGHT. + + +I am intangible; can't be seen, yet can be felt; am apparent to the +taste--certainly to the touch, for I am pocketed daily, and there is no +one who would not gladly grasp me at any time when offered; at the same +time, I am almost always disagreeable, and very rarely desired. Too much +of me is dangerous, and yet how could any one have too many of me? +though even a sip is more than any one craves. No one was ever heard to +say he was tired of me, and yet how many tears I have made children +shed! I am the means of making people happy, yet I am dangerous under +certain circumstances, though, to be sure, if I make people sick, I also +make them well. Once I made a dreadful disturbance in New York, but yet +I doubt if there is any city in this country where more of me, if as +many, pass from people's hands. + +I cost nothing, anybody can have me that wants me, yet no one if poor +can keep me, though I am easily bottled. You can't confine me, though +you can shut me out, for there is nothing to take hold of, but a little +package will hold many hundreds of me. I am a fluid, yet I am only air. +I can be made by a stroke of the pen, but the greatest care must be +exercised in making me properly; but when I am made artificially I am +not half as refreshing as when Nature makes me. You can carry me in your +pocket, but you can not take hold of me. You may swallow me, but you can +not touch me. What am I? Let some one else throw a light. + + * * * * * + +=Answer to Charade.=--Answer to Charade on page 146 of HARPER'S YOUNG +PEOPLE No. 13 is "Chart." + + + + +[Illustration: Fig. 1.] + +[Illustration: Fig. 2.] + +=Answer to the Elephant Puzzle.=--To solve the Elephant Puzzle presented +in No. 13 of HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE make two cuts with the scissors as +shown by the white lines in Fig. 1, and transpose the section thus cut +out, placing it in the position shown by the white lines of Fig 2. + + + + +[Illustration] + + +IT BEING DICK'S BIRTHDAY, HE IS ALLOWED TO STAY HOME FROM SCHOOL. + + 1. Exploring the closets. + 2. Bread and butter, with plenty of sugar. + 3. Plays horse with the parlor chairs. + 4. "I've sawed the chair. What will mother say?" + 5. Ornaments the walls. + +_Result: On Dick's next Birthday he will go to School._ + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Young People, February 3, 1880, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S YOUNG PEOPLE, FEB 3, 1880 *** + +***** This file should be named 28344.txt or 28344.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/3/4/28344/ + +Produced by Annie McGuire + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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