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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Modern Spiritualism by Uriah Smith
+
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no
+restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under
+the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or
+online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license
+
+
+
+Title: Modern Spiritualism
+
+Author: Uriah Smith
+
+Release Date: November 7, 2008 [Ebook #27197]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MODERN SPIRITUALISM***
+
+
+
+
+
+                           MODERN SPIRITUALISM
+
+                          A SUBJECT OF PROPHECY
+
+                                  AND A
+
+                            SIGN OF THE TIMES.
+
+                              BY URIAH SMITH
+
+                   THE REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING CO.
+
+                                  1896.
+
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+Preface.
+Chapter One. Opening Thought.
+   A Manifestation of Power.
+   A Manifestation of Intelligence.
+   The Progress of Spiritualism.
+Chapter Two. What is the Agency in Question?
+   Credentials of the Bible.
+   An Impossibility.
+   The Soul Not Immortal.
+Chapter Three. The Dead Unconscious.
+Chapter Four. They Are Evil Angels.
+   Warnings Against Evil Spirits.
+Chapter Five. What The Spirits Teach.
+   They Deny All Distinction Between Right And Wrong.
+   Dangers Of Mediumship.
+   Miscellaneous Teaching.
+   Spirits Cannot Be Identified.
+Chapter Six. Its Promises: How Fulfilled.
+Chapter Seven. Spiritualism A Subject Of Prophecy.
+Conclusion.
+Index Of Authors Referred To.
+Index Of Books, Papers, Etc., Quoted.
+Index Of Texts Of Scripture Illustrated Or Explained.
+Footnotes
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+For nearly fifty years Spiritualism has been before the world. This surely
+is time enough to enable it to show its character by its fruits. “By their
+fruits ye shall know them,” is a rule that admits of no exceptions. If
+evil fruits appear, the tree is corrupt.
+
+Spiritualism has made unbounded promises of good. It has claimed to be the
+long-promised second coming of Christ; the opening of a new era among
+mankind; the rosy portal of a golden age, when all men should be reformed,
+evil disappear, and the renovation of society cause the hearts of men to
+leap for joy, and the earth to blossom as the rose.
+
+Has it fulfilled all, or any, of these promises? If not, is it not a
+deception? and if a deception, considering its wide-spread influence, and
+the number of its adherents, is it not one of the most gigantic and
+appalling deceptions that has ever fallen upon Christendom? The Bible in
+the plainest terms, declares that in the last days malign influences will
+be let loose upon the world; false pretensions will be urged upon the
+minds of men; and deceptions, backed up by preternatural signs and
+wonders, will develop to such a degree of strength, that, if it were
+possible, they would deceive the very elect. Is it possible that
+Spiritualism may be the very development of evil, against which this
+warning is directed?
+
+To investigate these questions, and to show by unimpeachable testimony,
+what Spiritualism is, and the place it holds among the psychological
+movements of the present day, is the object of these pages. Not a few
+books have been written against Spiritualism; but most of them endeavor to
+account for it on the ground of human jugglery and imposture, or on
+natural principles, the discovery of a new and heretofore occult force in
+nature, etc., from which great things may be expected in the future. But
+rarely has any one discussed it from the standpoint of prophecy, and the
+testimony of the Scriptures, the only point of view, as we believe, from
+which its true origin, nature, and tendency, can be ascertained.
+
+Many features in the work of Spiritualism would seem to indicate that the
+source from which it springs is far from good; but it is based upon a
+church dogma, firmly established through all Christendom, which in many
+minds is of sufficient weight to overbalance considerations that would
+otherwise be considered ample grounds for shunning or renouncing it. It is
+therefore the more necessary that the reader, in examining this question,
+should let the bonds that have heretofore bound him to preconceived
+opinions, sit loose upon him, and that he should put himself in the mood
+of Dr. Channing when he said: “I must choose to receive the truth, no
+matter how it bears upon myself, and must follow it no matter where it
+leads, from what party it severs me, or to what party it allies.” And he
+should remember also, as the eminent and pious Dr. Vinet once sagaciously
+observed, that “even now, after eighteen centuries of Christianity, we are
+very probably involved in some enormous error, of which Christianity will,
+in some future time, make us ashamed.”
+
+In view, therefore, of the importance of this question, and the tremendous
+issues that hang on the decisions we may make in these perilous times, we
+feel justified even in _adjuring_ the reader to canvass this subject with
+an inflexible determination to learn the truth, and then to follow it
+wherever it may lead.
+
+U. S.
+_Battle Creek, Mich., 1897._
+
+
+
+
+
+                               Chapter One.
+
+
+OPENING THOUGHT.
+
+
+What think ye? Whence is it—from heaven or of men? Such was the nature of
+the question addressed by our Saviour to the men of his time, concerning
+the baptism of John. It is the crucial question by which to test every
+system that comes to us in the garb of religion: Is it from heaven or of
+men? And if a true answer to the question can be found, it must determine
+our attitude toward it; for if it is from heaven, it challenges at once
+our acceptance and profound regard, but if it is of men, sooner or later,
+in this world or in the world to come, it will be destroyed with all its
+followers; for our Saviour has declared that every plant which our
+heavenly Father has not planted shall be rooted up. Matt. 15:13.
+
+To those who do not believe in any “heavenly Father,” nor in “Christ the
+Saviour,” nor in any “revealed word of God,” we would say that these
+points will be assumed in this work rather than directly argued, though
+many incidental proofs will appear, to which we trust our friends will be
+pleased to give some consideration. But we address ourselves particularly
+to those who still have faith in God the Father of all; in his divine Son,
+our Lord Jesus Christ, through whose blood we have redemption; in the
+Bible as the inspired revelation of God’s will; and in the Holy Spirit as
+the enlightener of the mind, and the sanctifier of the soul. To all those
+to whom this position is common ground, the Bible will be the standard of
+authority, and the court of last appeal, in the study upon which we now
+enter.
+
+
+
+
+A Manifestation of Power.
+
+
+Spiritualism cannot be disposed of with a sneer. A toss of the head and a
+cry of “humbug,” will not suffice to meet its claims and the testimony of
+careful, conservative men who have studied thoroughly into the genuineness
+of its manifestations, and have sought for the secret of its power, and
+have become satisfied as to the one, and been wholly baffled as to the
+other. That there have been abundant instances of attempted fraud,
+deception, jugglery, and imposition, is not to be denied. But this does
+not by any means set aside the fact that there have been manifestations of
+more than human power, the evidence for which has never been impeached.
+The detection of a few sham mediums, who are trying to impose upon the
+credulity of the public, for money, may satisfy the careless and
+unthinking, that the whole affair is a humbug. Such will dismiss the
+matter from their minds, and depart, easier subjects to be captured by the
+movement when some manifestation appears for which they can find no
+explanation. But the more thoughtful and careful observers well know that
+the exposure of these mountebanks does not account for the numberless
+manifestations of power, and the steady current of phenomena, utterly
+inexplicable on any human hypothesis, which have attended the movement
+from the beginning.
+
+The Philadelphia _North American_, of July 31, 1885, published a
+communication from Thomas R. Hazard, in which he says:—
+
+
+    “But Spiritualism, whatever may be thought of it, must be
+    recognized as a fact. It is one of the characteristic intellectual
+    or emotional phenomena of the times, and as such, it is deserving
+    of a more serious examination than it has yet received. There are
+    those who say it is all humbug, and that everything outside of the
+    ordinary course which takes place at the so-called séances, is the
+    direct result of fraudulent and deliberative imposture; in short,
+    that every Spiritualist must be either a fool or a knave. The
+    serious objection to this hypothesis is that the explanation is
+    almost as difficult of belief as the occurrences which it
+    explains. There must certainly be some Spiritualists who are both
+    honest and intelligent; and if the manifestations at the séances
+    were altogether and invariably fraudulent, surely the whole thing
+    must have collapsed long before this; and the Seybert Commission,
+    which finds it necessary to extend its investigations over an
+    indefinite period, which will certainly not be less than a year,
+    would have been able to sweep the delusion away in short order.”
+
+
+The phenomena are so well known, that it is unnecessary to recount them
+here. Among them may be mentioned such achievements as these: Various
+articles have been transported from place to place, without human hands,
+but by the agency of so-called spirits only; beautiful music has been
+produced independently of human agency, with and without the aid of
+visible instruments; many well-attested cases of healing have been
+presented; persons have been carried through the air by the spirits in the
+presence of many witnesses; tables have been suspended in the air with
+several persons upon them; purported spirits have presented themselves in
+bodily form and talked with an audible voice; and all this not once or
+twice merely, but times without number, as may be gathered from the
+records of Spiritualism, all through its history.
+
+A few particular instances, as samples, it may be allowable to notice: Not
+many years since, Joseph Cook made his memorable tour around the world. In
+Europe he met the famous German philosopher, Professor Zöllner. Mr.
+Zöllner had been carefully investigating the phenomena of Spiritualism,
+and assured Mr. Cook of the following occurrences as facts, under his own
+observation: Knots had been found tied in the middle of cords, by some
+invisible agency, while both ends were made securely fast, so that they
+could not be tampered with; messages were written between doubly and
+trebly sealed slates; coin had passed through a table in a manner to
+illustrate the suspension of the laws of impenetrability of matter; straps
+of leather were knotted under his own hand; the impression of two feet was
+given on sooted paper pasted inside of two sealed slates; whole and
+uninjured wooden rings were placed around the standard of a card table,
+over either end of which they could by no possibility be slipped; and
+finally the table itself, a heavy beechen structure, wholly disappeared,
+and then fell from the top of the room where Professor Zöllner and his
+friends were sitting.
+
+In further confirmation of the fact that real spiritualistic
+manifestations are no sleight-of-hand performances, we cite the case of
+Harry Kellar, a professional performer, as given in “Nineteenth Century
+Miracles,” p. 213. The séance was held with the medium, Eglinton, in
+Calcutta, India, Jan. 25, 1882. He says:—
+
+
+    “It is needless to say that I went as a skeptic; but I must own
+    that I have come away utterly unable to explain by any natural
+    means the phenomena that I witnessed on Tuesday evening.”
+
+
+He then describes the particulars of the séance. An intelligence,
+purporting to be the spirit of one Geary, gave a communication. Mr. Kellar
+did not recognize the name nor recall the man. The message was repeated,
+with the added circumstances of the time and particulars of a previous
+meeting, when Mr. Kellar recalled the events, and, much to his surprise,
+the whole matter came clearly to his recollection. He then adds:—
+
+
+    “I still remain a skeptic as regards Spiritualism, but I repeat my
+    inability to explain or account for what must have been an
+    intelligent force which produced the writing on the slate, which,
+    if my senses are to be relied on, was in no way the result of
+    trickery or sleight-of-hand.”
+
+
+Another instance from “Home Circle,” p. 25, is that of Mr. Bellachini,
+also a professional conjuror, of Berlin, Germany. His interview was with
+the celebrated medium, Mr. Slade. From his testimony we quote the
+following:—
+
+
+    “I have not, in the smallest degree, found anything to be produced
+    by prestidigitative manifestations or mechanical apparatus; and
+    any explanation of the experiments which took place under the
+    circumstances and conditions then obtaining, by any reference to
+    prestidigitation, is _absolutely impossible_. I declare, moreover,
+    the published opinions of laymen as to the ‘How’ of this subject,
+    to be premature, and according to my views and experience, false
+    and one-sided.”—_Dated, Berlin, Dec. 6, 1877._
+
+
+When professional conjurors bear such testimony as this, while it does not
+prove Spiritualism to be what it claims to be, it does disprove the humbug
+theory.
+
+In addition to this, it appears that two propositions, one of $2000, and
+the other of $5000, have been offered to the one who claimed to be able to
+duplicate all the manifestations of Spiritualism, to duplicate two
+well-authenticated tests; but the challenge has never been accepted, nor
+the reward claimed. See _Religio-Philosophical Journal_, of Jan. 15, 1881,
+and January, 1883.
+
+A writer in the _Spiritual Clarion_, in an article on “The Millennium of
+Spiritualism,” bears the following testimony in regard to the power and
+strength of the movement:—
+
+
+    “This revelation has been with a power, a might, that if divested
+    of its almost universal benevolence, had been a terror to the very
+    soul; the hair of the very bravest had stood on end, and his
+    chilled blood had crept back upon his heart, at the sights and
+    sounds of its inexplicable phenomena. It comes with foretokening
+    and warning. It has been, from the very first, its own best
+    prophet, and step by step, it has foretold the progress it would
+    make. It comes, too, most triumphant. No faith before it ever took
+    such a victorious stand in its very infancy. It has swept like a
+    hurricane of fire through the land, compelling faith from the
+    baffled scoffer, and the most determined doubter.”
+
+
+Dr. W. F. Barrett, Professor of Experimental Physics in the Royal College
+of Dublin, says:—
+
+
+    “It is well known to those who have made the phenomena of
+    Spiritualism the subject of prolonged and careful inquiry, in the
+    spirit of exact and unimpassioned scientific research, that
+    beneath a repellent mass of imposture and delusion there remain
+    certain inexplicable and startling facts which science can neither
+    explain away nor deny.”—_“__Automatic, or Spirit, Writing,__”__ p.
+    11 (1896)._
+
+
+In the _Arena_ of November, 1892, p. 688, Mr. M. J. Savage, the noted
+Unitarian minister of Boston, says:—
+
+
+    “Next comes what are ordinarily classed together as ‘mediumistic
+    phenomena.’ The most important of these are psychometry, ‘vision’
+    of ‘spirit’ forms, claimed communications by means of rappings,
+    table movements, automatic writing, independent writing, trance
+    speaking, etc. With them also ought to be noted what are generally
+    called physical phenomena, though in most cases, since they are
+    intelligibly directed, the use of the word ‘physical,’ without
+    this qualification, might be misleading. These physical phenomena
+    include such facts as the movement of material objects by other
+    than the ordinary muscular force, the making objects heavier or
+    lighter when tested by the scales, the playing on musical
+    instruments by some invisible power, etc.... Now all of these
+    referred to (with the exception of independent writing, and
+    materialization) I know to be genuine. I do not at all mean by
+    this that I know that the ‘spiritualistic’ interpretation of them
+    is the true one. I mean only that they are genuine phenomena; that
+    they have occurred; that they are not tricks or the result of
+    fraud.”
+
+
+In the _Forum_ of December, 1889, p. 455, the same writer describes his
+experience at the house of a friend with whom he had been acquainted eight
+or ten years. When about to depart, he thought he would try an experiment.
+He says:—
+
+
+    “She and I stood at opposite ends of the table at which we had
+    been sitting. Both of us having placed the tips of our fingers
+    lightly on the top of the table, I spoke, as if addressing some
+    unseen force connected with the table, and said: ‘Now I must go;
+    will you not accompany me to the door?’ The door was ten or
+    fifteen feet distant, and was closed. The table started. It had no
+    casters, and in order to make it move as it did, we should have
+    had to go behind and push it. As a matter of fact we led it, while
+    it accompanied us all the way, and struck against the door with
+    considerable force.”
+
+
+From the same article, p. 456, we quote again:—
+
+
+    “I add one more experiment of my own. I sat one day in a heavy,
+    stuffed armchair. The psychic sat beside me, and laying his hand
+    on the back of the chair, gradually raised it. Immediately I felt
+    and saw myself, chair and all, lifted into the air at least one
+    foot from the floor. There was no uneven motion implying any sense
+    of effort on the part of the lifting force; and I was gently
+    lowered again to the carpet. This was in broad light, in a hotel
+    parlor, and in presence of a keen-eyed lawyer friend. I could
+    plainly watch the whole thing. No man living could have lifted me
+    in such a position, and besides, I saw that the psychic made not
+    the slightest apparent effort. Nor was there any machinery or
+    preparation of any kind. My companion, the lawyer, on going away,
+    speaking in reference to the whole sitting, said: ‘I’ve seen
+    enough evidence to hang every man in the State—enough to prove
+    _anything excepting this_.’
+
+
+    “Professor Crookes, of London, relates having seen and heard an
+    accordion played on while it was enclosed in a wire net-work, and
+    not touched by any visible hand. I have seen an approach to the
+    same thing. In daylight I have seen a man hold an accordion in the
+    air, not more than three feet away from me. He held it by one
+    hand, grasping the side opposite to that on which the keys were
+    fixed. In this position, it, or something, played long tunes, the
+    side containing the keys being pushed in and drawn out without any
+    contact that I could see. I then said, ‘Will it not play for me?’
+    The reply was, ‘I don’t know: you can try it.’ I then took the
+    accordion in my hands. There was no music; but what did occur was
+    quite as inexplicable to me, and quite as convincing as a display
+    of some kind of power. I know not how to express it, except by
+    saying that the accordion was seized as if by some one trying to
+    take it away from me. To test this power, I grasped the instrument
+    with both hands. The struggle was as real as though my antagonist
+    was another man. I succeeded in keeping it, but only by the most
+    strenuous efforts.
+
+
+    “On another occasion I was sitting with a ‘medium.’ I was too far
+    away for him to reach me, even had he tried, which he did not do;
+    for he sat perfectly quiet. My knees were not under the table, but
+    were where I could see them plainly. Suddenly my right knee was
+    grasped as by a hand. It was a firm grip. I could feel the print
+    and pressure of all the fingers. I said not a word of the strange
+    sensation, but quietly put my right hand down and clasped my knee
+    in order to see if I could feel anything on my hand. At once I
+    felt what seemed like the most delicate finger tips playing over
+    my own fingers and gradually rising in their touches toward my
+    wrist. When this was reached, I felt a series of clear, distinct,
+    and definite pats, as though made by a hand of fleshy vigor. I
+    made no motion to indicate what was going on, and said not a word
+    until the sensation had passed. All this while I was carefully
+    watching my hand, for it was plain daylight, and it was in full
+    view; but I saw nothing.”
+
+
+We need not multiply evidence on this point. A remark by T. J. Hudson
+(“Law of Psychic Phenomena,” p. 206, McClurg & Co., Chicago, 1894) may
+fitly close this division of the subject. He says:—
+
+
+    “I will not waste time, however, by attempting to prove by
+    experiments of my own, or of others, that such phenomena do occur.
+    It is too late for that. The facts are too well known to the
+    civilized world to require proof at this time. The man who denies
+    the phenomena of spiritism to-day is not entitled to be called a
+    skeptic, he is simply ignorant; and it would be a hopeless task to
+    attempt to enlighten him.”
+
+
+
+
+A Manifestation of Intelligence.
+
+
+From the testimony already given it is evident that there is connected
+with Spiritualism an agency that is able to manifest power and strength
+beyond anything that human beings, unaided, are able to exert. It is just
+as evident that the same agency possesses intelligence beyond the power of
+human minds. Indeed, this was the very feature that first brought it to
+the attention of the public. Spiritualism, as the reader is doubtless
+aware, originated in the family of Mr. John D. Fox, in Hydesville, near
+Rochester, N. Y., in the spring of 1848. Robert Dale Owen, in his work
+called “Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World,” p. 290, has given a
+full narration of the circumstances attending this remarkable event. The
+particulars, he states, he had from Mrs. Fox, and her two daughters,
+Margaret and Kate, and son, David. The attention of the family had been
+attracted by strange noises which finally assumed the form of raps, or
+muffled footfalls, and became very annoying. Chairs were sometimes moved
+from their places, and this was once also the case with the dining-room
+table. Heard occasionally during February, the disturbance so increased
+during the latter part of March, as seriously to break the nightly repose
+of the family. But as these annoyances occurred only in the night-time,
+all the family hoped that soon, by some means, the mystery would be
+cleared away. They did not abandon this hope till Friday, the 31st of
+March, 1848. Wearied by a succession of sleepless nights, the family
+retired early, hoping for a respite from the disturbances that had
+harassed them. In this they were doomed to especial disappointment. We can
+do no better than to let Mr. Owen continue the narrative, in his own
+words:—
+
+
+    “The parents had removed the children’s beds into their bedroom,
+    and strictly enjoined them not to talk of noises, even if they
+    heard them. But scarcely had the mother seen them safely in bed,
+    and was retiring to rest herself, when the children cried out,
+    ‘Here they are again!’ The mother chided them, and lay down.
+    Thereupon the noises became louder and more startling. The
+    children sat up in bed. Mrs. Fox called her husband. The night
+    being windy, it was suggested to him that it might be the rattling
+    of the sashes. He tried several to see if they were loose. Kate,
+    the younger girl, happened to remark that as often as her father
+    shook a window-sash, the noises seemed to reply. Being a lively
+    child, and in a measure accustomed to what was going on, she
+    turned to where the noise was, snapped her fingers, and called
+    out, ‘Here, old Splitfoot, do as I do!’ The knocking instantly
+    responded.
+
+
+    “_That was the very commencement. Who can tell where the end will
+    be?_
+
+
+    “I do not mean that it was Kate Fox, who thus, in childish jest,
+    first discovered that these mysterious sounds seemed instinct with
+    intelligence. Mr. Mompesson, two hundred years ago, had already
+    observed a similar phenomenon. Glanvil had verified it. So had
+    Wesley, and his children. So we have seen, and others. But in all
+    these cases the matter rested there and the observation was not
+    prosecuted further. As, previous to the invention of the steam
+    engine, sundry observers had trodden the very threshold of the
+    discovery and there stopped, so in this case, where the royal
+    chaplain, disciple though he was of the inductive philosophy, and
+    where the founder of Methodism, admitting, as he did, the
+    probabilities of ultramundane interference, were both at fault, a
+    Yankee girl, but nine years old, following up more in sport than
+    in earnest, a chance observation, became the instigator of a
+    movement which, whatever its true character, has had its influence
+    throughout the civilized world. The spark had been ignited,—once
+    at least two centuries ago; but it had died each time without
+    effect. It kindled no flame till the middle of the nineteenth
+    century.
+
+
+    “And yet how trifling the step from the observation at Tedworth to
+    the discovery at Hydesville! Mr. Mompesson, in bed with his little
+    daughter (about Kate’s age), whom the sound seemed chiefly to
+    follow, ‘observed that it would exactly answer, in drumming,
+    anything that was beaten or called for.’ But his curiosity led him
+    no further.
+
+
+    “Not so Kate Fox. She tried, by silently bringing together her
+    thumb and forefinger; whether she could obtain a response. Yes! It
+    could _see_, then, as well as _hear_. She called her mother. ‘Only
+    look, mother,’ she said, bringing together again her finger and
+    thumb, as before. And as often as she repeated the noiseless
+    motion, just as often responded the raps.
+
+
+    “This at once arrested her mother’s attention. ‘Count ten,’ she
+    said, addressing the noise. Ten strokes, distinctly given! ‘How
+    old is my daughter Margaret?’ Twelve strokes. ‘And Kate?’ Nine.
+    ‘What can all this mean?’ was Mrs. Fox’s thought. Who was
+    answering her? Was it only some mysterious echo of her own
+    thought? But the next question which she put seemed to refute the
+    idea. ‘How many children have I?’ she asked aloud. Seven strokes.
+    ‘Ah!’ she thought, ‘it can blunder sometimes.’ And then aloud,
+    ‘Try again.’ Still the number of raps was seven. Of a sudden a
+    thought crossed Mrs. Fox’s mind. ‘Are they all alive?’ she asked.
+    Silence for answer. ‘How many are living?’ Six strokes. ‘How many
+    are dead?’ A single stroke. _She had lost a child._
+
+
+    “Then she asked, ‘Are you a man?’ No answer. ‘Are you a spirit?’
+    It rapped. ‘May my neighbors hear, if I call them?’ It rapped
+    again.
+
+
+    “Thereupon she asked her husband to call her neighbor, a Mrs.
+    Redfield, who came in laughing. But her cheer was soon changed.
+    The answers to her inquiries were as prompt and pertinent, as they
+    had been to those of Mrs. Fox. She was struck with awe; and when,
+    in reply to a question about the number of her children, by
+    rapping four, instead of three, as she expected, it reminded her
+    of a little daughter, Mary, whom she had recently lost, the mother
+    burst into tears.”
+
+
+We have introduced this narrative thus at length not only because it is
+interesting in itself, but because it is of special interest that all the
+particulars of the origin, or beginning, of such a movement as this,
+should be well understood. The following paragraph will explain how it
+came to be called “The Rochester Knockings,” under which name it first
+became widely known. It is from the “Report of the 37th Anniversary of
+Modern Spiritualism,” held in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 31, 1885, and
+reported in the _Banner of Light_, the 25th of the following month:—
+
+
+    “After a song by J. T. Lillie, Mrs. Leah Fox Underhill, the elder
+    of the three Fox sisters (who was on our platform), was requested
+    to speak. Mrs. Underhill said that she was not a public speaker,
+    but would answer any questions from the audience, and in response
+    to these questions told in a graphic manner how the spirits came
+    to their humble home in Hydesville, in 1848; how on the 31st of
+    March the first intelligent communication from the spirit world
+    came through the raps; how the family had been annoyed by the
+    manifestations, and by the notoriety that followed; how the
+    younger sisters, Catherine and Margaret, were taken to Rochester,
+    where she lived, by their mother, hoping that this great and
+    apparent calamity might pass from them; how their father and
+    mother prayed that this cup might be taken away, but the phenomena
+    became more marked and violent; how in the morning they would find
+    four coffins drawn with an artistic hand on the door of the
+    dining-room of her home in Rochester, of different sizes,
+    approximating to the ages and sizes of the family, and these were
+    lined with a pink color, and they were told that unless they made
+    this great fact known, they would all speedily die, and enter the
+    spirit-world.
+
+
+    “Gladly would they all have accepted this penalty for their
+    disobedience in not making this truth known to the world. She told
+    how they were compelled to hire Corinthian Hall in Rochester; how
+    several public meetings were held in Rochester, culminating in the
+    selection of a committee of prominent infidels, who, after
+    submitting the Fox children to the most severe tests,—they being
+    disrobed in the presence of a committee of ladies,—reported in
+    their favor.... All the time she was on our platform, there was a
+    continuous rapping by the spirits in response to what was being
+    said by the several speakers, also in response to the singing, and
+    all our exercises.”
+
+
+In the same volume of the _Forum_ from which quotations have already been
+made, M. J. Savage states many facts which have a determinate bearing on
+the point now under consideration; namely, the intelligence manifested in
+the spiritual phenomena. From these we quote a few. He says (p. 452 and
+onward):—
+
+
+    “I am in possession of quite a large body of apparent facts that I
+    do not know what to do with.... That certain things to me
+    inexplicable have occurred, I believe. The negative opinion of
+    some one with whom no such things have occurred, will not satisfy
+    me.... I am ready to submit some specimens of those things that
+    constitute my problem. They can be only specimens; for a detailed
+    account of even half of those I have laid by, would stretch to the
+    limits of a book.
+
+
+    “A merchant ship bound for New York was on her homeward voyage.
+    She was in the Indian Ocean. The captain was engaged to be married
+    to a lady living in New England. One day early in the afternoon he
+    came, pale and excited, to one of his mates, and exclaimed, ‘Tom,
+    Kate has just died! I have seen her die!’ The mate looked at him
+    in amazement, not knowing what to make of such talk. But the
+    captain went on and described the whole scene—the room, her
+    appearance, how she died, and all the circumstances. So real was
+    it to him, and such was the effect on him, of his grief, that for
+    two or three weeks, he was carefully watched lest he should do
+    violence to himself. It was more than one hundred and fifty days
+    before the ship reached her harbor. During all this time no news
+    was received from home. But when at last the ship arrived at New
+    York, it was found that Kate did die at the time and under the
+    circumstances seen and described by the captain off the coast of
+    India. This is only one case out of hundreds. What does it mean?
+    Coincidence? Just happened so? This might be said of one; but a
+    hundred of such coincidences become inexplicable.”
+
+
+The following is another instance mentioned by the same writer:—
+
+
+    “I went to the house of a woman in New York. She was not a
+    professional. We had never seen each other before. We took seats
+    in the parlor for a talk, I not looking for any manifestation.
+    Raps began. I do not say whether they were really where they
+    seemed to be or not; I know right well that the judgment is
+    subject to illusion through the senses. But I was told a ‘spirit
+    friend’ was present; and soon the name, time, and place of death,
+    etc., were given me. It was the name of a friend I had once known
+    intimately. But twenty years had passed since the old intimacy;
+    she had lived in another State; I am certain that she and the
+    psychic had never known or even heard of each other. She had died
+    within a few months.”
+
+
+Mr. Savage then gives examples where the power in question was exclusively
+mental:—
+
+
+    “The first time I was ever in the presence of a particular
+    psychic, she went into a trance. She had never seen, and, so far
+    as I know, had never had any way of hearing of my father, who had
+    died some years previously. When I was a boy, he always called me
+    by a special name that was never used by any other member of the
+    family. In later years he hardly ever used it. But the entranced
+    psychic said: ‘An old gentleman is here,’ and she described
+    certain very marked peculiarities. Then she added: ‘He says he is
+    your father, and he calls you ——,’ using the old childhood name of
+    mine.”
+
+
+Again, same page:—
+
+
+    “One case more, only, will I mention under this head. A most
+    intimate friend of my youth had recently died. She had lived in
+    another State, and the psychic did not know that such a person had
+    ever existed. We were sitting alone when this old friend announced
+    her presence. It was in this way: A letter of two pages was
+    automatically written, addressed to me. I thought to myself as I
+    read it,—I did not speak,—‘Were it possible, I should feel sure
+    she had written this.’ I then said, as though speaking to her,
+    ‘Will you not give me your name?’ It was given, both maiden and
+    married name. I then began a conversation lasting over an hour,
+    which seemed as real as any I ever have with my friends. She told
+    me of her children, of her sisters. We talked over the events of
+    boyhood and girlhood. I asked her if she remembered a book we used
+    to read together, and she gave me the author’s name. I asked again
+    if she remembered the particular poem we were both specially fond
+    of, and she named it at once. In the letter that was written, and
+    in much of the conversation, there were apparent hints of
+    identity, little touches and peculiarities that would mean much to
+    an acquaintance, but nothing to a stranger. I could not but be
+    much impressed. Now in this case, I know that the psychic never
+    knew of this person’s existence, and of course not of our
+    acquaintance.”
+
+
+Mr. Savage then mentions cases which he calls still more inexplicable,
+because the information conveyed was not known either to the psychic
+(which seems to be the new name for medium) or to himself. He says:—
+
+
+    “But one more case dare I take the space for, though the budget is
+    only opened. This one did not happen to me, but it is so hedged
+    about and checked off, that its evidential value in a scientific
+    way is absolutely perfect. The names of some of the parties
+    concerned _would be recognized in two hemispheres_. A lady and
+    gentleman visited a psychic. The gentleman was the lady’s
+    brother-in-law. The lady had an aunt who was ill in a city two or
+    three hundred miles away. When the psychic had become entranced,
+    the lady asked her if she had any impression as to the condition
+    of her aunt. The reply was, ‘No.’ But before the sitting was over,
+    the psychic exclaimed, ‘Why, your aunt is here! She has already
+    passed away.’ ‘This cannot be true,’ said the lady; ‘there must be
+    a mistake. If she had died, they would have telegraphed us
+    immediately.’ ‘But,’ the psychic insisted, ‘she is here. And she
+    explains that she died about two o’clock this morning. She also
+    says that a telegram has been sent, and you will find it at the
+    house on your return.’
+
+
+    “Here seemed a clear case for a test. So while the lady started
+    for her home, her brother-in-law called at the house of a friend
+    and told the story. While there the husband came in. Having been
+    away for some hours he had not heard of any telegram. But the
+    friend seated himself at his desk and wrote out a careful account,
+    which all three signed on the spot. When they reached home,—two or
+    three miles away,—there was the telegram confirming the fact and
+    the time of the aunt’s death, precisely as the psychic had told
+    them.
+
+
+    “Here are most wonderful facts. How shall they be accounted for? I
+    have not trusted my memory for these things, but have made careful
+    record at the time. I know many other records of a similar kind
+    kept by others. They are kept private. Why? The late Rev. J. G.
+    Wood, of England, the world-famous naturalist, once said to me: ‘I
+    am glad to talk of these things to any one who has a right to
+    know. But I used to call everybody a fool who had anything to do
+    with them; and with a smile—“I do not enjoy being called a
+    fool.” ’
+
+
+    “Psychic and other societies that advertise for strange phenomena,
+    must learn that at least a respectful treatment is to be accorded,
+    or people will not lay bare their secret souls. And then, in the
+    very nature of the case, these experiments concern matters of the
+    most personal nature. Many of the most striking cases people will
+    not make public. In some of those above related, I have had so to
+    veil facts, that they do not appear as remarkable as they really
+    are. The whole cannot be told.”
+
+
+A quotation from this same writer (“Automatic Writing,” page 14), says:—
+
+
+    “I am in possession of a respectable body of facts that I do not
+    know how to explain except on the theory that I am dealing with
+    some invisible intelligence. I hold that as the only tenable
+    theory I am acquainted with.”
+
+
+In the same work (page 19), the author, Mrs. S. A. Underwood, as the
+result of her communications from spirits, says:—
+
+
+    “Detailed statements of facts unknown to either of us [that is,
+    herself and her ‘control’], but which weeks afterward were learned
+    to be correct, have been written, and repeated again and again,
+    when disbelieved and contradicted by us.”
+
+
+On this point, also, as on the preceding, testimony need not be
+multiplied. The facts are too well known and too generally admitted to
+warrant the devotion of further space to a presentation of the evidence.
+_The question must soon be met, What is the source of the power and
+intelligence thus manifested?_ But this may properly be held in abeyance
+till we take a glance at:
+
+
+
+
+The Progress of Spiritualism.
+
+
+during the fifty years of its modern history. It began in a way to excite
+the wonder and curiosity of the people, the very elements that would give
+wings to its progress through the land. Men suddenly found their thoughts
+careering through new channels. An unseen world seemed to make known its
+presence and invite investigation. As the phenomena claimed to be due to
+the direct agency of spirits, the movement naturally assumed the name of
+“Spiritualism.” It was then hailed by multitudes as a new and living
+teacher, come to clear up uncertainties and to dispel doubts from the
+minds of men. At least an irrepressible curiosity was everywhere excited
+to know what the new “ism” would teach concerning that invisible world
+which it professed to have come to open to the knowledge of mankind.
+Everywhere men sought by what means they could come into communication
+with the spirit realm. Into whatever place the news entered, circles were
+formed, and the number of converts outstripped the pen of the enroller. It
+gathered adherents from every walk of life—from the higher classes as well
+as the lower; the educated, cultured, and refined, as well as the
+uncultivated and ignorant; from ministers, lawyers, physicians, judges,
+teachers, government officials, and all the professions. But the
+individuals thus interested, being of too diverse and independent views to
+agree upon any permanent basis for organization, the data for numerical
+statistics are difficult to procure. Various estimates, however, of their
+numbers have been formed. As long ago as 1876, computations of the number
+of Spiritualists in the United States ranged from 3,000,000 by Hepworth
+Dixon, to 10,000,000 by the Roman Catholic council at Baltimore. Only five
+years from the time the first convert to Modern Spiritualism appeared,
+Judge Edmonds, himself an enthusiastic convert, said of their numbers:—
+
+
+    “Besides the undistinguished multitudes, there are many now of
+    high standing and talent ranked among them,—doctors, lawyers, and
+    clergymen in great numbers, a Protestant bishop, the learned and
+    reverend president of a college, judges of our higher courts,
+    members of Congress, foreign ambassadors, and ex-members of the
+    United States Senate.”
+
+
+Up to the present time, it is not probable that the number of
+Spiritualists has been much reduced by apostasies from the faith, if such
+it may be called; while the movement itself has been growing more
+prominent and becoming more widely known every year. The conclusion would
+therefore inevitably follow that its adherents must now be more numerous
+than ever before. A letter addressed by the writer to the publishers of
+the _Philosophical Journal_, Chicago, on this point, received the
+following reply, dated Dec. 24, 1895:—
+
+
+    “Being unorganized, largely, no reliable figures can be given.
+    Many thousands are in the churches, and are counted there. It is
+    _claimed_ that there are about five million in the United States,
+    and over fifty million in the world.”
+
+
+The _Christian at Work_ of Aug. 17, 1876, under the head of “Witches and
+Fools,” said:—
+
+
+    “But we do not know how many judges, bankers, merchants, prominent
+    men in nearly every occupation in life, there are, who make it a
+    constant practice to visit clairvoyants, sightseers, and so-called
+    Spiritual mediums; yet it can scarcely be doubted that their name
+    is legion; that not only the unreligious man, but professing
+    Christians, men and women, are in the habit of consulting spirits
+    from the vasty deep for information concerning both the dead and
+    the living. Many who pass for intelligent people, who would be
+    shocked to have their Christianity called in question, are
+    constantly engaged in this disreputable business.”
+
+
+The following appeared some years ago, in the San Francisco _Chronicle_:—
+
+
+    “Until quite recently, science has coldly ignored the alleged
+    phenomena of Spiritualism, and treated Andrew Jackson Davis, Home,
+    and the Davenport brothers, as if they belonged to the common
+    fraternity of showmen and mountebanks. But now there has come a
+    most noteworthy change. We learn from such high authority as the
+    _Fortnightly Review_ that Alfred R. Wallace, F. R. S.; William
+    Crookes, F. R. S. and editor of the _Quarterly Journal of
+    Science_; W. H. Harrison, F. R. S. and president of the British
+    Ethnological Society, with others occupying a high position in the
+    scientific and literary world, have been seriously investigating
+    the phenomena of spiritism. The report which those learned
+    gentlemen make is simply astounding. There is no fairy tale, no
+    story of myth or miracle, that is more incredible than their
+    narrative. They tell us in grave and sober speech, that the spirit
+    of a girl who died a hundred years ago, appeared to them in
+    visible form. She talked with them, gave them locks of her hair,
+    pieces of her dress, and her autograph. They saw her in bodily
+    presence, felt her person, heard her voice; she entered the room
+    in which they were, and disappeared without the opening of a door.
+    The savants declare that they have had numerous interviews with
+    her under conditions forbidding the idea of trickery or imposture.
+
+
+    “Now that men eminent in the scientific world have taken up the
+    investigation, Spiritualism has entered upon a new phase. It can
+    no longer be treated with silent contempt. Mr. Wallace’s articles
+    in the _Fortnightly_ have attracted general attention, and many of
+    the leading English reviews and newspapers are discussing the
+    matter. The New York _World_ devotes three columns of its space to
+    a summary of the last article in the _Fortnightly_, and declares
+    editorially that the ‘phenomena’ thus attested ‘deserve the rigid
+    scientific examination which Mr. Wallace invites for them.’ This
+    is treating the matter in the right way. Let all the well-attested
+    facts be collected, and then let us see what conclusions they
+    justify. If spirit communication is a fact, it is certainly a most
+    interesting one. In the language which the World attributes to
+    John Bright, ‘If it is a fact, it is the one besides which every
+    other fact of human existence sinks into insignificance.’ ”
+
+
+One of the reasons why it would be quite impossible to state the number of
+real Spiritualists in our land to-day has already been hinted at in a
+foregoing extract. It is that “many thousands,” and we think the number
+might in all probability be raised to millions, who are in reality
+Spiritualists, do not go by that name. They are in the various churches,
+and are counted there. Yet they believe the phenomena of Spiritualism,
+accept its teachings in their own minds, and quietly and constantly, as
+the _Christian at Work_ avers, consult clairvoyants and mediums, in quest
+of knowledge. The grosser features of the teachings of Spiritualism which
+were painfully prominent in its earlier stages, which there is no reason
+to believe are discountenanced or abandoned either in theory or practice,
+are relegated to an invisible background, while in its outward aspect it
+now poses in the attitude of piety and the garb of religion. It even
+professes to adopt some of the more prominent and popular doctrines of
+Christianity. In this phase the average churchgoer cannot see why he may
+not accept all that Spiritualism has to give, and still retain his
+denominational relationship. Besides this, the coming to light, every now
+and then, of the fact that some person of national or world-wide fame is a
+Spiritualist, adds popularity and gives a new impetus to the movement.
+Such instances may be named as the founder of the Leland Stanford
+University, of California; the widow of ex-Vice-President Hendricks, of
+Indiana, who, it is said, is carrying on some very successful financial
+transactions by direction from the spirit world; and Mr. W. T. Stead,
+London editor of the _Review of Reviews_, who, in 1893 started a new
+quarterly, called _The Border Land_, to be devoted to the advocacy of the
+philosophy of Spiritualism, which he had then but recently espoused. In
+other countries it has invaded the ranks of the nobility, and even seated
+itself on the thrones of monarchs. The late royal houses of France, Spain,
+and Russia are said, by current rumor, to have sought the spirits for
+knowledge. No cause could covet more rapid and wide-spread success than
+this has enjoyed.
+
+
+
+
+
+                               Chapter Two.
+
+
+WHAT IS THE AGENCY IN QUESTION?
+
+
+Having now shown that there are connected with Spiritualism supermundane
+phenomena that cannot be denied, and equally evident superhuman
+intelligence, sufficient to give to the movement unprecedented recognition
+in all the world, the way is open for the most important question that can
+be raised concerning it, and one which now demands an answer; and that is,
+What is the agency by which these phenomena are produced, and by which
+this intelligence is manifested? This question must be examined with the
+utmost care, and, if possible, a decision be reached of the most assuring
+certainty; for, as Mr. M. J. Savage says, “Spiritualism is either a grand
+truth or a most lamentable delusion.”
+
+It is proper that the claim which Spiritualism puts forth for itself, in
+this regard, should first be heard. This is so well known that it scarcely
+need be stated. It is that there is in every human being a soul, or
+spirit, which constitutes the real person; that this soul, or spirit, is
+immortal; that it manifests itself through a tangible body during this
+earth life, and when that body dies, passes unscathed into the unseen
+world, into an enlarged sphere of life, activity, and intelligence; that
+in this sphere it can still take cognizance of earthly things, and
+communicate with those still in the flesh, respecting scenes which it has
+left, and those more interesting conditions still veiled from mortal
+sight; that it is by these disembodied, or “discarnated” spirits that raps
+are given, objects moved, intelligence manifested, secrets revealed,
+slates written, voices uttered, faces shown, and epistles addressed to
+mortals, as friend would write to friend. If this be true, it opens what
+would indeed be considered a grand avenue of consolation to bereaved
+hearts, by giving them evidence that their departed friends still lived;
+that they recognized, loved, and accompanied them, and delighted still to
+counsel and instruct them. If not true, it is a masterpiece of superhuman
+craft and cunning; for it takes Christendom on the side where it is least
+guarded; as the view is everywhere held that the dead are conscious, and
+the only question would be as to their power to communicate with persons
+still living in the body; and it throws its arms around the individual
+when the heart is the most tender, when plunged into a condition in which
+every pang of bereaved sorrow, every tie of affection, and every throb of
+love, press him to crave with all his being that communication with the
+dead may be proved a fact, and to constrain him to accept the doctrine,
+unless kept from it by some power stronger than the cords that bind heart
+to heart in deathless love. If it be a deception, it occupies a vantage
+ground before which men may well tremble.
+
+But, as has been already stated, the question is here to be discussed from
+the standpoint of the Bible; the Bible is to be taken as the standard of
+authority by which all conflicting claims respecting the nature of man,
+must be decided. The authenticity of the Scriptures, in reference to those
+who deny their authority, is an antecedent question, into the discussion
+of which it is not the province of this little work to enter. A word,
+however, by way of digression, may be allowed in reference to its
+authorship.
+
+
+
+
+Credentials of the Bible.
+
+
+1. The Bible claims to be the word of God. Those who wrote it assert that
+they wrote as they “were moved by the Holy Ghost;” and they append to what
+they utter, a “Thus saith the Lord.”
+
+2. If it is not what it claims to be, it is an _imposture_ invented by
+_deceivers_ and _liars_.
+
+3. _Good_ men would not deceive and lie; therefore they were not the ones
+who invented the Bible.
+
+4. If, therefore, it was invented by men at all, it must have been
+invented by _bad_ men.
+
+5. All liars and religious impostors are bad men; but—
+
+6. The Bible repeatedly and most explicitly forbids lying and imposture,
+under the threatening of most condign punishment.
+
+7. Would, therefore, liars and impostors invent a book which more than any
+other book ever written, denounces lying and imposture, thus condemning
+themselves to the severest judgments of God, and at last to eternal death?
+
+8. If, then, the Bible is not the invention of good men,—because such men
+would not lie and deceive; nor of evil men,—because such men would not
+condemn themselves; nor of good or evil angels, for the same reasons, who
+else can be its author, but he who claims to be, that is, the living God?
+
+9. If, therefore, from the very nature of the case, it must be God’s book,
+why not believe it, and obey it?
+
+To return: Appeal is therefore made to the Bible; and the object is to
+learn what the Bible teaches about Spiritualism. When the claim is put
+forth that it is the disembodied spirits of dead men who make the
+communications, the Bible reader is at once aware of a conflict of claims.
+In times when the Bible was written, there were practices among men which
+went under the names of “enchantment,” “sorcery,” “witchcraft,”
+“necromancy,” “divination,” “consulting with familiar spirits,” etc. These
+practices were all more or less related, but some of them bear an
+unmistakable meaning. Thus, “necromancy” is defined to mean “a pretended
+communication with the dead.” A “familiar spirit” was “a spirit or demon
+supposed to attend on an individual, or to come at his call; the invisible
+agent of a necromancer’s will.”—_Century Dictionary._ Spiritualists do not
+deny that their intercourse with the invisible world comes under some, at
+least, of these heads. But all such practices the Bible explicitly
+forbids.
+
+Deut. 18:9-12: “There shall not be found among you any one that maketh his
+son or his daughter to pass through the fire, or that useth divination, or
+an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch, or a charmer, or a
+consulter with _familiar spirits_, or a wizard, or a _necromancer_. For
+all that do these things are an abomination unto the Lord.” Lev. 19:31:
+“Regard not them that have familiar spirits, neither seek after wizards,
+to be defiled by them: I am the Lord your God.” See also, 2 Kings 21:2, 6,
+9, 11; Rev. 21:8; Gal. 5:19-21; Acts 16:16-18; etc. Thus plainly in both
+the Old and New Testaments, are these practices forbidden.
+
+
+
+
+An Impossibility.
+
+
+But why does the Bible forbid such practices as necromancy, or a
+“pretended” communication with the dead?—Because it would be only a
+pretense at best; for such communication is impossible. The dead are
+unconscious in their graves, and have no power to communicate with the
+living. Let this truth be once established, and it is the death-blow to
+the claims of Spiritualism, in the cases of all who will receive it.
+Allusion has already been made to a popular and wide-spread dogma in the
+Christian church which furnishes a basis for Spiritualism. It is that the
+soul is immortal, and that the dead are conscious. Spirits make known
+their presence, and claim to be the spirits of persons who have once lived
+here in human bodies. Now if the Bible teaches that there is no such thing
+as a disembodied human spirit, a knowledge of that fact would enable one
+to detect at once the imposture of any intelligence which from behind the
+curtain should claim to be such spirit. Any spirit seeking the attention
+of men in this life, and claiming to be what the Bible says does not
+exist, comes with a falsehood on its lips or in its raps, if the Bible is
+true, and thus reveals its real character to be that of a deceiver. In
+this case the Bible believer is armed against the imposture. No man likes
+to be fooled. No matter therefore how nice the communicating intelligence
+may seem, how many true things it may say, or how many good things it may
+promise, the conviction cannot be evaded that no real good can be intended
+or conferred by any spirit, or whatever it may be, masquerading under the
+garb of falsehood, or pretending to be what it is not. On such a
+foundation no stable superstructure can be reared. It becomes a
+death-trap, sure to collapse and involve in ruin all those who trust
+therein.
+
+It is very desirable that the reader comprehend the full importance of the
+doctrine, as related to this subject, that the dead are unconscious and
+that they have no power to communicate with the living. This being
+established, it sweeps away at one stroke the entire foundation of
+Spiritualism. Evidence will now be presented to show that this is a Bible
+doctrine; and wherever this is received, the fabric of Spiritualism from
+base to finial falls; it cannot possibly stand. But where the doctrine
+prevails that only the thin veil that limits our mortal vision, separates
+us from a world full of the conscious, intelligent spirits of those who
+have departed this life, Spiritualism has the field, beyond the
+possibility of dislodgment. When one believes that he has disembodied
+spirit friends all about him, how can he question that they are able to
+communicate with him? and when some unseen intelligence makes its presence
+known, and claims to be one of those friends, and refers to facts or
+scenes, known only to them two, how can the living dispute the claim? How
+can he refuse to accept a claim, which, on his own hypothesis, there is no
+conceivable reason to deny? But if the spirits are not what they claim to
+be, how shall the inexplicable phenomena attending their manifestations be
+explained?—The Bible brings to view other agencies, not the so-called
+spirits of the departed, to whose working all that has ever been
+manifested which to mortal vision is mysterious and inexplicable, may be
+justly attributed.
+
+
+
+
+The Soul Not Immortal.
+
+
+Spiritualism declares it to be the great object of its mission, to prove
+the immortality of the soul, which, it says, is not taught in the
+Scriptures with sufficient clearness, and is not otherwise demonstrated.
+It well attributes to the Scriptures a lack of plain teaching in support
+of that dogma; and it would have stated more truth, if it had said that
+the Scriptures nowhere countenance such a doctrine at all. But, it is
+said, the Scriptures are full of the terms, “soul” and “spirit.” Very
+true; but they nowhere use those terms to designate such a part of man as
+in common parlance, and in popular theology, they have come to mean. The
+fact is, the popular concept of the “soul” and “spirit” has been
+formulated entirely outside the Bible. Sedulously, unremittingly, for six
+thousand years, the idea has been inculcated in the minds of men, from the
+cradle to the grave, that man is a dual being, consisting of an outward
+body which dies, and an inward being called “soul,” or “spirit,” which
+does not die, but passes to higher spirit life, when the body goes into
+the grave. The father of this doctrine is rarely referred to by its
+believers, as authority, possibly through a little feeling of
+embarrassment as to its parentage; for he it was who announced it to our
+first parents in these words: “Ye shall not surely die!” Gen. 3:4. When
+men began to die, it was a shrewd stroke of policy on the part of him who
+had promised them that they should not die, to try to prove to those who
+remained that the others had not really died, but only changed conditions.
+It is no marvel that he should try to make men believe that they possessed
+an immaterial, immortal entity that could not die; but, in view of the
+ghastly experiences of the passing years, it is the marvel of marvels that
+he should have succeeded so well. The trouble now is that men take these
+meanings which have been devised and fostered into stupendous strength
+outside the pale of Bible teaching, and attach them to the Bible terms of
+“soul” and “spirit.” In other words, the mongrel pago-papal theology which
+has grown up in Christendom, lets the Bible furnish the terms, and
+paganism the definitions. But from the Bible standpoint, these definitions
+do not belong there; they are foreign to the truth, and the Bible does not
+recognize them. They are as much out of place as was the inventor of them
+himself in the garden of Eden. Let the Bible furnish its own definitions
+to its own terms, and all will be clear. The opinion of John Milton, the
+celebrated author of Paradise Lost, is worthy of note. In his “Treatise on
+Christian Doctrine,” Vol. I, pp. 250, 251, he says:—
+
+
+    “Man is a living being, intrinsically and properly one individual,
+    not compound and separable, not, according to the common opinion,
+    made up and framed of two distinct and different natures, as of
+    body and soul, but the whole man is soul, and the soul, man; that
+    is to say, a body or substance, individual, animated, sensitive,
+    and rational.”
+
+
+In this sense the word is employed many times; but whoever will trace the
+use of the words “soul” and “spirit” through the Bible, will find them
+applied also to a great variety of objects; as, person, mind, heart, body
+(in the expression “a dead body”), will, lust, appetite, breath, creature,
+pleasure, desire, anger, courage, blast, etc., etc., in all nearly fifty
+different ways. But it is a fact which should be especially noted, that in
+not a single instance is there the least hint given that anything
+expressed by these terms is capable of existing for a single moment, as a
+conscious entity, or in any other condition, _without the body_! This
+being so, none of these, according to the Bible, are the agency claimed to
+be present in Spiritualism.
+
+Another fact in reference to this point, should be allowed its decisive
+bearing. The question now under investigation is, Is the soul immortal, as
+Spiritualism has taken upon itself to teach, and claims to demonstrate?
+The Bible is found to be so lavish in the use of the terms “soul” and
+“spirit,” that these words occur in the aggregate, _seventeen hundred
+times_. Seventeen hundred times, by way of description, analysis,
+narrative, historical facts, or declarations of what they can do, or
+suffer, the Bible has something to say about “soul” and “spirit.” The most
+important question to be settled concerning them, certainly, is whether
+they are immortal or not. Will not the Bible, so freely treating of these
+terms, answer this question? Very strange, indeed, if it does not. But
+does it once affirm that either the soul or the spirit is immortal?—_Not
+once!_ Does it ever apply to them the terms “eternal,” “deathless,”
+“neverdying,” or any word that bears the necessary meaning of
+immortal?—Not in a single instance. Does it apply to them any term from
+which even an inference, necessary or remote, can be drawn that they are
+immortal? Even reduced to this attenuated form, the answer is still an
+emphatic and overwhelming, _No!_ Well, then, does it say _anything_ about
+the nature and capabilities of existence of that which it denominates soul
+or spirit?—Yes; it says the soul is in danger of the grave, may die, be
+destroyed, killed, and that the spirit may be wounded, cut off, preserved,
+and so, conversely, made to perish.
+
+It is sometimes claimed that it is not necessary that the Bible should
+affirm the immortality of the soul, because it is so self-evident a fact
+that it is taken for granted. But no one surely can suppose that the
+immortality of the soul is more self-evident than that of Jehovah; yet the
+Bible has seen fit to affirm his immortality in most direct terms. 1 Tim.
+1:17: “Now unto the King eternal, _immortal_, invisible, the only wise
+God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.” 1 Tim. 6:16: “Who only
+hath _immortality_, dwelling in the light which no man can approach unto;
+whom no man hath seen, nor can see: to whom be honor and power
+everlasting. Amen.” Let, then, similar Bible testimony be found concerning
+the soul; that is, that it is “immortal,” or “hath immortality,” and the
+taken-for-granted device will not be needed.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Three.
+
+
+THE DEAD UNCONSCIOUS.
+
+
+From the fact now established that the soul is not immortal, it would
+follow as an inevitable conclusion, that the dead are not conscious in the
+intermediate state, and consequently cannot act the part attributed to
+them in modern Spiritualism. But there are some positive statements to
+which the reader’s attention should be called, and some instances supposed
+to prove the conscious state which should be noticed.
+
+1. _The Dead Know not Anything._—As a sample of the way the Bible speaks
+upon this question, let the reader turn to the words of Solomon, in Eccl.
+9:5, 6, 10: “For the living know that they shall die: but the dead know
+not anything, neither have they any more a reward; for the memory of them
+is forgotten. Also their love, and their hatred, and their envy, is now
+perished; neither have they any more a portion for ever in anything that
+is done under the sun.... Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with
+thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in
+the grave, whither thou goest.”
+
+This language is addressed to the real, living, intelligent, responsible
+man; and how could it be plainer? On the hypothesis of the commonly
+believed distinction between the soul and the body, this must be addressed
+to the soul; for the body considered as the mere material instrument
+through which the soul acts, is not supposed of itself to know anything.
+The body, as a body, independent of the soul, does not know that it shall
+die; but it is that which knows, while one is alive, that it shall die—it
+is that same intelligent being that, when dead, knows not anything. But
+the spirits in Spiritualism do know many things in their condition;
+therefore they are not those who have once lived on this earth, and passed
+off through death; for such, once dead, this scripture affirms, know not
+anything—they are in a condition in which there is “no work, nor device,
+nor knowledge, nor wisdom.” This is a plain, straightforward, literal
+statement; there is no mistaking its meaning; and if it is true, then it
+is not true that the unseen agents working through Spiritualism, are the
+spirits of the dead.
+
+2. _The Spirit Returns to God._—Another passage from the same writer and
+the same book, may recur to the mind of the reader, as expressing a
+different and contradictory thought. Eccl. 12:7. “Then shall the dust
+return to the earth as it was: and the spirit shall return unto God who
+gave it.” A careful analysis of this passage reveals no support for
+Spiritualism; for it does not say that the spirit, on returning to God, is
+conscious, or is capable of coming back and communicating with mortals. It
+is not denied that different component parts enter into the constitution
+of man; and that these parts may be separated. Solomon himself may
+therefore tell us what he means by the term “spirit” which he here uses.
+He employs the same word in chapter. 3:21 of this same book, but says that
+beasts have it as well as men. And then in verse 19, he explains what he
+means, by saying that they (man and the lower animals) _all_ have one
+_breath_. The record of man’s creation in Gen. 2:7, shows that a
+vitalizing principle, called the “breath of life,” was necessary to be
+imparted to the organized body, before man became a living being; and this
+breath of life, as common to man and to all breathing animals, is
+described in Gen. 7:21, 22, by the term רוח (_ruahh_), the same word that
+is used for “breath,” in Eccl. 3:19, “spirit,” in verse 21, and “the
+spirit,” which God gave to man, and which returns to God, in chapter 12:7.
+Thus it is clear that reference is here made simply to the “breath of
+life” which God at first imparted to man, to make him a living being, and
+which he withdraws to himself, in the hour of man’s death. Job states the
+same fact, and describes the process, in chapter 34:14, 15: “If he [God]
+set his heart upon man, if he gather _unto himself_ his [man’s] spirit
+[same word] and his breath; ... man shall turn again unto dust.” No one
+can fail to see here that Job refers to the same event of which Solomon
+speaks.
+
+And at this point the question may as well be raised, and answered, Whence
+comes this spirit which is claimed to be the real man, capable of an
+independent and superior existence without the body? Bodies come into
+existence by natural generation; but whence comes the spirit? Is it a part
+of the body? If so, it cannot be immortal; for “that which is born of the
+flesh is flesh.” John 3:6. Is it supplied to human beings at birth? If so,
+is there a great storehouse, somewhere, of souls and spirits, ready-made,
+from which the supply is drawn as fast as wanted in this world? And if so,
+further, is it to be concluded that all spirits have had a pre-existence?
+and then what was their condition in that state? And again, how does it
+happen, on this supposition, that this spirit in each individual exhibits
+so largely the mental and moral traits of the earthly parents? These
+hypotheses not being very satisfactory, will it be claimed that God
+creates these spirits as fast as children are born to need them? and if
+so, who brings them down just in the nick of time? and by what process are
+they incarnated? But if God has, by special act, created a soul or spirit
+for every member of the human family since Adam, is it not a contradiction
+of Gen. 2:2, which declares that _all_ God’s work of creation, so far as
+it pertains to this world, was _completed_ by the close of the first week
+of time? Again, how many of the inhabitants of this earth are the
+offspring of abandoned criminality; and can it be supposed that God holds
+himself in readiness to create souls which must come from his hands pure
+as the dew of heaven, to be thrust into such vile tenements, and doomed to
+a life of wretchedness and woe at the bidding of defiant lust? The
+irreverence of the question will be pardoned as an exposure of the
+absurdity of that theory which necessitates it.
+
+3. _The Spirits of Just Men Made Perfect._—This expression is found in
+Heb. 12:23, and seems, by some, to recognize the idea that spirits can
+exist without the body, and are to be treated as separate entities. Thus
+interpreted it might appear to give some support to Spiritualism. But it
+will by no means bear such an interpretation. The apostle is contrasting
+the privileges of Christians in the present dispensation, with the
+situation of believers before the coming of Christ. What he sets forth are
+blessings to be enjoyed in the present tense. Yes, says one, that is just
+what I believe: We are come to spirits; they are all about us, and tip and
+talk and write for us at our pleasure. But hold! nothing is affirmed of
+spirits separately. The whole idea must be taken in. It is the “spirits of
+_just men_ made perfect;” and the participle “made perfect” agrees with
+“just men,” or literally “the just made perfect” (δικαίων τετελειωμένων),
+not with “spirits.” It is the _men_ who are made perfect to whom we are
+said to have come. But there are only two localities and two periods, in
+which men are anywhere in the Scriptures said to be made perfect. One is
+in this life and on this earth, and refers to religious experience (“Be ye
+therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect”);
+the other is not relative, but actual and absolute, and refers to the
+future immortal state when all the people of God will enter upon eternal
+life together (“God having provided some better thing for us, that they
+[the ancient worthies] without us should not be _made perfect_.” Heb.
+11:40). Thus, taken in either of the only two ways possible, the text
+furnishes no proof of Spiritualism. It doubtless refers to the present
+state, the expression, “spirits of just men,” being simply a periphrasis
+for “just men,” the same as the expression, “the God of the spirits of all
+flesh” (Num. 16:22), means simply “the God of all flesh,” and the words
+“your whole spirit, and soul, and body” (1 Thess. 5:23), means simply the
+whole person.
+
+4. _Spirits in Prison._—The apostle Peter uses an expression, which,
+though perhaps not often quoted in direct defense of Spiritualism, is
+relied upon extensively in behalf of the doctrine of the conscious state
+of the dead, which, as already shown, is the essential basis of
+Spiritualism. And such texts as these are here noticed to show to the
+general reader, that the Bible contains no testimony in behalf of that
+doctrine, but positively forbids it, as further quotations will soon be
+introduced to show. The passage now in question is 1 Peter 3:19, where,
+speaking of Christ, it says: “By which also he went and preached unto the
+spirits in prison.” By the use of strong assumption, and some lofty
+flights of the imagination, and keeping in the background the real intent
+of the passage, a picture of rather a lively time in the spirit world, can
+be constructed out of this testimony. Thus the spirits are said to be the
+disembodied spirits of those who were destroyed by the flood. See context.
+They were in “prison,” that is, in hell. When Christ was put to death upon
+the cross, he immediately went by his disembodied spirit, down into hell
+and preached to those conscious intelligent spirits who were there, and
+continued that work till the third day when he was himself raised from the
+dead. A thought will show that this picture is wrong, (1) in the time, (2)
+in the condition of the people, (3) in the acting agent, and (4) in the
+end to be attained. Thus, when Christ had been put to death, he was
+“quickened” (or made alive), says the record, “by the Spirit.” This was
+certainly not a personal disembodied spirit, but that divine agency so
+often referred to in the Scriptures. “By which,” that is, this Spirit of
+God, he went and preached. Then he did not go personally on this work. The
+“spirits” were the antediluvians; for they were those who were disobedient
+in the days of Noah. Now when were they preached to? Verse 20 plainly
+tells us it was “_when_ once the longsuffering of God waited _in the days
+of Noah_.” In accordance with these statements now let another picture be
+presented: Christ, by his Spirit which was in Noah (1 Peter 1:11), and
+thus through Noah, preached to the spirits, or persons, in Noah’s time,
+who were disobedient, in order to save all from the coming flood who would
+believe. They were said to be “in prison,” though still living, because
+they were shut up under condemnation, and had only one hundred and twenty
+years granted them in which to repent or perish. Thus Christ was
+commissioned to preach to men said to be in prison, because in darkness,
+error, and condemnation, though they were still living in the flesh. Isa.
+61:1. Dr. Adam Clarke, the eminent Methodist commentator (_in loco_),
+places the going and preaching of Christ in the days of Noah, and by the
+ministry of Noah for one hundred and twenty years, and not during the time
+while he lay in the grave. Then he says:—
+
+
+    “The word πνεῦμασι (spirits) is supposed to render this view of
+    the subject improbable, because this must mean _disembodied_
+    spirits; but this certainly does not follow; for the _spirits of
+    just men made perfect_ (Heb. 12:23), certainly means righteous
+    men, and men _still in the church militant_: and the Father of
+    spirits (Heb. 12:9) means men still in the body; and the God of
+    the spirits of all flesh (Num. 16:22 and 27:16), means _men, not_
+    in a disembodied state.”(1)
+
+
+5. _Cannot Kill the Soul._—“Fear not them which kill the body, but are not
+able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy both
+soul and body in hell.” Matt. 10:28. We know what it is to kill the body;
+and by association of ideas, it seems quite natural to form a like
+conception of the soul as something that can be treated in the same way.
+Then if the soul cannot be killed like the body, the conclusion seems easy
+of adoption that it lives right on, with all sensations preserved, as it
+was with the body before its death. If it were not for the pagan
+definition of “soul,” which here comes in to change the current of
+thought, such conclusions drawn from this text would not be so prevalent;
+and a little attention to the scope of Christ’s teaching here will readily
+correct the misapprehension. This is brought out clearly in verse 39: “He
+that findeth his _life_ shall lose it: and he that loseth his _life_ for
+my sake shall find it.” This is easily understood. No one will question
+what it is to lose his life; and Christ says that he who will do this for
+his sake, shall find it. Any one who has been put to death for his faith
+in the gospel has “lost his life” (had the body killed) for Christ’s sake.
+But Christ says, Do not fear them, even if they do this. Why?—Because ye
+shall find it—the life you lost. When shall we find it?—In the
+resurrection. John 6:40; Rev. 20:4-6. The expression, “shall find it,”
+thus becomes the exact equivalent of the words, “are not able to kill the
+soul;” that is, are not able to destroy, or prevent us from gaining that
+life he has promised, if we suffer men, for his sake, to “kill the body,”
+or deprive us of our present life. The correctness of this view is
+demonstrated by the word employed in these instances. That word is ψυχή
+(_psuche_). It is properly rendered “life” in verse 39, and improperly
+rendered “soul” in verse 28. This lesson, that men should be willing to
+lose their life for Christ’s sake, was considered so important that it is
+again mentioned in Matthew, and reiterated with emphasis by Mark, Luke,
+and John; and they all use this same word ψυχή, which is rendered “life.”
+In one instance only in all these parallel passages have the translators
+rendered it “soul;” and that is Matt. 10:28, where it is the source of all
+the misunderstanding on that text.
+
+6. _Souls Under the Altar._—As a part of the events of the fifth seal as
+described in Rev. 6:9-11, John says he saw the souls of the martyrs under
+the altar, and heard them crying for vengeance. If they could do that, it
+is asked, cannot disembodied souls now communicate with the living? Not to
+enter into a full exposition of this scripture, and the inconsistencies
+such a view would involve, it is sufficient to ask if these were like the
+communicating spirits of the present day. How many communications have
+ever been received by modern Spiritualists from souls confined under an
+altar? In glowing symbolism, John saw the dead martyrs, as if slain at the
+foot of the altar; and by the figure of personification a voice was given
+to them, just as Abel’s blood cried to God for vengeance upon his guilty
+brother (Gen. 4:10), and just as the stone is said to cry out of the wall,
+and the beam out of the timber to answer it. Hab. 2:11.
+
+7. _The Medium of Endor._—Aside from the direct teaching of the
+Scriptures, it is still held by some that there are scenes narrated in the
+Bible which show that the dead must be conscious. The first of these is
+the case of Saul and the woman of Endor, whom he consulted in order to
+communicate with the prophet Samuel, as narrated in 1 Samuel 28. Here, it
+must be confessed, is brought to view an actual case of spirit
+manifestation, a specimen of ancient necromancy; for the conditions,
+method of procedure, and results, were just such as pertain to the same
+work in our own day. But then, as now, there was no truth nor good in it,
+as a brief review of the narrative will show. (1) Samuel was dead. (2)
+Saul was sore pressed by the Philistines. Verse 5. (3) God had departed
+from him. Verse 4. (4) He had cut off those who had familiar spirits and
+wizards, out of the land, because God had forbidden their presence in the
+Jewish theocracy, as an abomination. Verse 3; Lev. 19:31. (5) Yet in his
+extremity he had recourse to a woman with a familiar spirit, found at
+Endor. Verse 7. (6) She asked whom she should bring up, and Saul answered,
+Samuel. Verse 11. (7) Saul was disguised, but the familiar spirit told the
+woman it was Saul, and she cried out in alarm. Verse 12. (8) Saul
+reassured her, and the woman went on with the séance. Verse 10. (9) She
+announced a presence coming (not from heaven, nor the spheres, but) up out
+of the earth, and at Saul’s request gave a description of him, showing
+that Saul did not himself see the form. Verse 13. (10) Saul “perceived”
+that it was Samuel (not by actual sight, but from the woman’s description;
+for the Hebrew ירע and the Septuagint, γινωσκώ, signify to know, or
+perceive, by an operation of the mind.) Verse 14. (11) The woman supposed
+it was Samuel; Saul supposed it was Samuel; and that personation is, then,
+by the law of appearance, spoken of, in whatever it said or did, as
+Samuel; as, “Samuel said to Saul,” etc. Verse 15. (12) Was Samuel really
+there as an immortal soul, a disembodied spirit, or as one raised from the
+dead?—No; because (_a_) immortal souls do not come up out of the ground,
+wrapped in mantles, and complain of being disquieted and brought up; (_b_)
+Samuel was a holy prophet, and if he was conscious in the spirit world, he
+would not present himself at the summons of a woman who was practicing
+arts which God had forbidden; (_c_) God having departed from Saul, and
+having refused to communicate with him on account of his sins, would not
+now suffer his servant Samuel to grant him the desired communication
+through a channel which he had pronounced an abomination; (_d_) Samuel was
+not present by a resurrection, for the Devil could not raise him, and God
+certainly would not, for such a purpose; besides Samuel was buried at
+Ramah, and could not be raised at Endor; (_e_) It was only the woman’s
+familiar spirit, personating Samuel as he used to appear when alive—an
+aged man clothed with a mantle. His object was to make both the woman and
+Saul believe it was Samuel, when it was not, just as communicating spirits
+to-day try to palm themselves off for what they are not. As a specimen of
+ancient Spiritualism, this case is no particular honor to their cause; and
+as a proof of the immortality of the soul, and the conscious state of the
+dead, it is a minus quantity.
+
+8. _The Transfiguration._—Jesus took three of his disciples, Peter, James,
+and John, apart into a high mountain, and was transfigured before them;
+his face became as the sun, and his raiment was white as the light, just
+as it will be in the future kingdom of glory, which this scene was
+designed to represent. And there then appeared Moses and Elias talking
+with Christ. But Moses had died in the land of Moab nearly fifteen hundred
+years before, and it is at once concluded that the only way to account for
+his appearance on this occasion, is to suppose that he was still alive in
+the spirit world, and could appear in a disembodied state, and talk with
+Jesus as here represented. But such a conclusion is by no means necessary.
+Jesus was there in person, Elias was there in person; for he had not died,
+but had been translated bodily from this earth. Now it would be altogether
+incongruous to suppose that the third member of this glorious trio,
+apparently just as real as the others, was only a disembodied spirit; an
+immaterial phantom. Unless the whole scene was merely a vision brought
+before the minds of the disciples, Moses was as really there, in his own
+proper person, as Jesus and Elias. But there is no way in which he could
+thus be present, except by means of a resurrection from the dead; and that
+he had been raised, and was there as a representative of the resurrection,
+is proved, first by his actual presence on this occasion, and secondly, by
+the fact that Michael (Christ, who is “the resurrection and the life,”
+John 11:25) disputed with the Devil (who has the power of death, Heb.
+2:14) about the body of Moses. Jude 9. There could be no other possible
+ground of controversy about the body of Moses except whether or not Christ
+should give it life before the general resurrection. But Christ rebuked
+the Devil. Christ was not thwarted in this contest, but gave his servant
+life; and thus Moses could appear personally upon the mount. This makes
+the scene complete as a representation of the kingdom of God, as Peter
+says it was (2 Peter 1:16-18); namely, Christ the glorified King, Elias
+representing those who will be translated without seeing death, and Moses
+representing those who will be raised from the dead. These two classes
+embrace all the happy subjects of that kingdom. This view of the matter is
+not peculiar to this book. Dr. Adam Clarke, on Matt. 17:3, says: “The body
+of Moses was probably raised again, as a pledge of the resurrection.”(2)
+And Olshausen says: “For if we assume the reality of the _resurrection of
+the body_, and its glorification,—truths which assuredly belong to the
+system of Christian doctrine,—the whole occurrence presents no essential
+difficulties. The appearance of Moses and Elias, which is usually held to
+be the most unintelligible point in it, is as easily conceived of as
+possible, if we admit their bodily glorification.”
+
+Those passages which speak of Christ as the “first-fruits,” the
+“first-born from the dead,” the “first-born among many brethren,” “of
+every creature,” etc., refer only to the chief and pivotal importance of
+his own resurrection, as related to all others; and Acts 26:23 does not
+declare that Christ should be the first one to be raised from the dead,
+but that he first, by a resurrection from the dead, should show light to
+the Gentiles. (See the Greek of this passage.) These scriptures therefore
+prove no objection to the idea that Moses had been raised from the dead,
+and as a victor over the grave, appeared with Christ upon the mount. Thus
+another supposed stronghold affords no refuge for the conscious-state
+theory, or for Spiritualism.
+
+9. _The Rich Man and Lazarus._—With the features of this parable, as found
+in Luke 16, which is supposed to prove the dead conscious, and
+Spiritualism possible, the reader is doubtless familiar. It should ever be
+borne in mind that this is a parable; and in a parable, neither the
+parties nor the scenes are to be taken literally, and hence no doctrines
+can be built upon such symbolic representations. But not only is it a
+parable, but it is a parable based upon traditions largely entertained by
+the Jews themselves in the time of Christ. Thus T. J. Hudson (“Law of
+Psychic Phenomena,” p. 385) says:—
+
+
+    “It is a historical fact, nevertheless, that before the advent of
+    Jesus, the Jews had become imbued with the Greek doctrine of
+    Hades, which was an intermediate waiting station between this life
+    and the judgment. In this were situated both Paradise and Gehenna,
+    the one on the right, and the other on the left, and into these
+    two compartments the spirits of the dead were separated, according
+    to their deserts. Jesus found this doctrine already in existence,
+    and in enforcing his moral precepts in his parables, he employed
+    the symbols which the people understood, neither denying nor
+    affirming their literal verity.”
+
+
+Thus Christ appealed to the people on their own ground. He took the views
+and traditions which he found already among them, and arranged them into a
+parable in such a way as to rebuke their covetousness, correct their
+notions that prosperity and riches in this life are tokens of the favor
+and approbation of God, and condemn their departure from the teachings of
+Moses and the prophets. As a parable, it is not designed to show the state
+of the dead, and the conditions that prevail in the spirit world. But if
+any persist that it is not a parable, but a presentation of actual fact,
+then the scene is laid, not in the intermediate state, but beyond the
+resurrection; for it is after the angels had carried Lazarus into
+Abraham’s bosom. But the angels do not bear any one anywhere away from
+this earth, till the second coming of Christ and the resurrection of the
+dead. Matt. 24:30, 31; 1 Thess. 4:15-17. Finding no support in this
+portion of scripture for the conscious-state theory, with its
+spiritualistic possibilities, appeal is next made by the friends of that
+theory to the case of—
+
+10. _The Thief on the Cross._—Luke 23:39-43. When one of the malefactors
+who were crucified with Jesus, requested to be remembered when he should
+come into his kingdom, according to the record in the common version, the
+Lord replied, “To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise.” To go from death
+into paradise the same day, means to go into the spirit world without a
+body, or discarnated, as Spiritualists claim. And so it would be if such
+was Christ’s promise to the thief; but it was not.
+
+The little adverb “to-day” holds the balance of power as to the meaning of
+this text. If it qualifies Christ’s words, “Verily I say unto thee,” it
+gives one idea; if it qualifies the words, “Thou shalt be with me in
+paradise,” we have another and very different idea. And how shall the
+question of its relationship be decided?—It can be done only by the
+punctuation.
+
+Here another difficulty confronts us; for the Greek was originally written
+in a solid line of letters, without any punctuation, or even division into
+words. Such being the case, the punctuation, and the relation of the
+qualifying word “to-day,” must be determined by the context. Now it is a
+fact that Christ did not go to paradise that day. He died, and was placed
+in the tomb, and the third day rose from the dead. Mary was the first to
+meet him, and sought to worship him. But he said, “Touch me not, for I am
+not yet ascended to my Father.” John 20:17. Paradise is where the Father
+is (see 2 Cor. 12:2-4; Rev. 2:7; 22:1, 2), and if Christ had not been to
+his Father when Mary met him the third day after his crucifixion, he had
+not then been to paradise; therefore it is not possible that he made a
+promise to the thief on the day of his crucifixion, that he should be with
+him _that_ day in paradise.
+
+But further, the day of the crucifixion was the day before the Sabbath;
+and it was not lawful to leave criminals on the cross during that day.
+John 19:31. If they were still living when the time came to take them from
+the cross, they were taken down, and their legs were broken to prevent
+their escape. The soldiers on this occasion broke the legs of the two
+thieves, because they were still alive; “but when they came to Jesus and
+saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs.” Verses 32, 33. The
+thief therefore lived over into the next day.
+
+Thus there are two absolutely insuperable objections against allowing the
+adverb, “to-day,” to qualify Christ’s promise, “Thou shalt be with me in
+paradise:” (1) Christ did not go to paradise that day; and (2) The thief
+did not die that day. Before these facts the conscious-state argument
+built upon this incident, vanishes into thin air. Just place the comma (a
+punctuation mark not invented till 1490) after “to-day” instead of before
+it, and let that word qualify the verb “say” and emphasize the time when
+it was spoken, and all is harmonious. The thief’s request did not pertain
+to that day, but looked forward to the time when Christ should come into
+his kingdom; and Christ’s promise did not pertain to that day, but to the
+time in the thief’s request; so he did not falsify it by not going to his
+Father for three days afterward. The thief is quietly slumbering in the
+tomb; but Christ is soon coming into his kingdom. Then the thief will be
+remembered, be raised from the dead, and be with Christ in that paradise
+into which he will then introduce all his people. Thus all is as clear as
+a sunbeam, when the text is freed from the bungling tinkering of men.
+
+The strongest texts and incidents which are appealed to in defense of the
+conscious-state theory, have now been examined. If these do not sustain
+it, nothing can be found in the Bible which will sustain it. All are
+easily harmonized with these. Thus in Paul’s desire to “depart and be with
+Christ” (Phil. 1:23), he does not there tell us _when_ he will be with
+Christ; but he does tell us in many other places; and it is at the
+resurrection and the coming of Christ. Phil. 3:11; 1 Thess. 4:16, 17. When
+he speaks of our being clothed upon with our house from heaven (2 Cor.
+5:2), he tells us that it is when “mortality” is “swallowed up of life.”
+But that is only at the last trump. 1 Cor. 15:51-54. If we are told about
+the woman who had had seven husbands (Matt. 22:23-28), no hint is given of
+any reunion till after the resurrection. If God calls himself “not the God
+of the dead, but of the living” (Matt. 22:32), it is because he speaks of
+“those things that be not as though they were” (Rom. 4:17), and the
+worthies of whom this is spoken, are sure to live again (Heb. 11:15, 16),
+and hence are now spoken of as alive in his sight, because they are so in
+his purpose. Texts which speak of the departure and return of the soul
+(Gen. 35:18; 1 Kings 17:21, 22), are referable to the “breath of life,”
+which is the meaning of the word in these instances rendered “soul.”
+
+Three passages only have been referred to, which declare positively that
+the dead know not anything. It was thought preferable to answer certain
+objections, before introducing further direct testimony. But there are
+many such passages, a few more of which will now be presented, as a
+fitting conclusion to this branch of the subject. The reader’s careful
+attention is invited to a few of the various texts, and the conclusions
+that follow therefrom.
+
+1. _Death and Sleep._—Death, in numerous passages is compared to sleep, in
+contrast with the wakeful condition. See Ps. 13:3; Job 7:21; John 11:11;
+Acts 7:60; 1 Cor. 11:30; 15:51; 1 Thess. 4:14; etc. But there is only one
+feature in sleep by virtue of which it can be taken as a figure of death;
+and that is, the condition of unconsciousness which shuts up the avenues
+of one’s senses to all one’s environment. If one is not thus unconscious
+in death, the figure is false, and the comparison illogical and
+misleading.
+
+2. _Thoughts Perish._—So David testifies: “Put not your trust in princes,
+nor in the son of man, in whom there is no help. His breath goeth forth,
+he returneth to his earth; in that very day his thoughts perish.” Ps.
+146:3, 4. The word “thoughts” does not here mean simply the projects and
+purposes one has in view, which do often fail, when the author of them
+dies, but it is from a root which means the act of thinking, the operation
+of the mind; and in death, that entirely ceases. It cannot therefore be
+the dead who come out of the unseen with such intelligence as is shown in
+Spiritualism.
+
+3. _Job’s Statement._—Speaking of a dead man, Job (14:21) says: “His sons
+come to honor, and he knoweth it not; and they are brought low, but he
+perceiveth it not of them.” If the dead cannot take cognizance of matters
+of so much interest as these, how can they communicate with the living as
+the spirits do?
+
+4. _No Remembrance of God._—David, in Ps. 6:5 and 115:17, again testifies:
+“For in death there is no remembrance of thee: in the grave who shall give
+thee thanks?” “The dead praise not the Lord, neither any that go down into
+silence.” Is it possible that any righteous man, if he is living and
+conscious after going into the grave, would not praise and give thanks to
+the Lord?
+
+5. _Hezekiah’s Testimony._—Hezekiah was sick unto death. Isa. 38:1. But he
+prayed, and the Lord added to his days fifteen years. Verse 5. For this he
+praised the Lord, and gave his reasons for so doing in the following words
+(verses 18, 19): “For the grave cannot praise thee, death cannot celebrate
+thee: they that go down into the pit cannot hope for thy truth. The
+living, the living, he shall praise thee, as I do this day.” This is a
+clear affirmation that in death he would not be able to do what he was
+able to do while living.
+
+6. _New Testament Evidence._—The New Testament bears a corresponding
+testimony on this subject. None will be saved except such as Christ raises
+up at the last day. John 6:39, 40. No one is to receive any reward before
+the resurrection. Luke 14:14; 2 Tim. 4:8. No one can enter God’s kingdom
+before being judged; but there is no execution of judgment before the
+coming of Christ. 2 Tim. 4:1; Acts 17:31; Luke 19:35; etc. If there is no
+avenue to a future life by a resurrection, then all who have gone down in
+death are perished. 1 Cor. 15:18. Such texts utterly forbid the idea of
+consciousness and activity, on the part of any of the human family, in
+death.
+
+This part of the subject need not be carried further. It has been dwelt
+upon so fully simply because of its determinate bearing on the question
+under discussion. Spiritualism rests its whole title to credence on the
+claim that the intelligences which manifest themselves are the spirits of
+the dead. The Bible says that they are _not_ the spirits of the dead. Then
+if the Bible is true, the whole system rests upon deception and falsehood.
+No one who believes this will tamper with Spiritualism. One cannot have
+Spiritualism and the Bible, too. One or the other must be given up. But he
+who still holds on to the theory that the dead are conscious, contrary to
+the testimony of the Scriptures has no shield against the Spiritualistic
+delusion, and the danger is that he will sooner or later throw the Bible
+away.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Four.
+
+
+THEY ARE EVIL ANGELS.
+
+
+As the Bible plainly shows what the spirits which communicate are _not_,
+it just as clearly reveals also what they _are_; so that in no particular
+is one left to conjecture or guesswork. There is an order of beings
+brought to view in the Scriptures, above man but lower than God or Christ,
+called “angels.” No Bible believer questions the existence of such beings.
+It is sometimes asserted that angels are departed human spirits; but this
+cannot be; for they appear upon the stage of action before a single human
+being had died, or a disembodied spirit could have existed. When the world
+was created, Job declares that “the morning stars sang together, and all
+the sons of God shouted for joy.” These are two of the names applied to
+these beings, but they are also known by a number of others. They are 167
+times called angels; 61 times, angel of the Lord; 8 times, angel of God;
+17 times, his angels; 41 times, cherub and cherubim. There are also such
+names as seraphim, chariots, God’s hosts, watchers, holy ones, thrones,
+dominions, principalities and powers,—all referring to the different
+orders of these heavenly beings.
+
+A part of this host fell into sin, and thereby became evil, or fallen,
+angels. A reasonable statement of how this came about can be given, but no
+reason for the act itself. Sin cannot be explained. To explain it would be
+to give a reason for it; and to give a reason for it would be to excuse
+it; and then it would cease to be sin. In the beginning a condition
+existed which was in itself right and essential; but which nevertheless
+made sin possible. It is one of the inevitable conditions of the highest
+glory of God, that all his creatures should serve him from choice, under
+the law of love, and not by compulsion, as a machine, under the law of
+necessity. To secure this end, they must be made free moral agents. Thus
+to angels was given the freedom of the will, the same as to man. They were
+in a state of purity and happiness, with every condition favorable for a
+continuance in that condition; but in the free choices of their free
+wills, they of course had the power, if they should unaccountably see fit
+so to use it, to turn away from truth and right, and rebel against God.
+This some of them did. So we find Jude speaking of “the angels that kept
+not their first estate” (Jude 6), and Peter, of “the angels that sinned”
+(2 Peter 2:4); and these they further declare, were cast down to Tartarus,
+and are reserved in everlasting chains under darkness, unto the judgment
+of the great day.
+
+There must have been to this rebellion an instigator and leader; and we
+accordingly find the Bible speaking of such a personage; the whole company
+being described as “the Devil and his angels.” Our Lord pointed out this
+leader in evil, and his work, in John 8:44: “Ye are of your Father the
+Devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the
+beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him.
+When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar and the
+father of it.” This reveals the great facts in his case. He abode not in
+the truth. Then he was once in the truth; and as he is a liar, and the
+father of it, he was the first one to depart from truth and introduce
+falsehood and evil into the universe of God.
+
+In Isaiah (14:12-14) this being is addressed as Lucifer, or the day-star;
+and the prophet exclaims, “How art thou fallen from heaven, 0 Lucifer, son
+of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken
+the nations!” The following verses indicate that the nature of his
+transgression was self-exaltation and pride of heart: “For thou hast said
+in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above
+the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in
+the sides of the north: I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I
+will be like the Most High.” Paul, in 1 Tim. 3:6, intimates that it was
+this pride that caused the ruin of this once holy being. Of an elder he
+says that he must not be a novice, “lest being lifted up with pride he
+fall into the condemnation of the Devil,” or that sin for which the Devil
+was condemned.
+
+In Ezekiel 28, Satan is again spoken of under the pseudonym of “the prince
+of Tyrus.” Verse 2 shows his pride: “Because thine heart is lifted up, and
+thou hast said, I am a God, I sit in the seat of God,” etc. Verses 12-15
+describe his beauty, wisdom, and apparel, and his exalted office as a high
+cherub, before his sin and fall. Verse 15 reads: “Thou wast perfect in thy
+ways from the day thou wast created, till iniquity was found in thee.”
+
+These passages give us a sufficient idea of the origin of Satan and how
+such an incarnation of evil has come to exist. The Tartarus into which he
+and his angels were cast, according to Peter, is defined by leading
+lexicographers, as meaning the dark, void, interplanetary spaces,
+surrounding the world. Using the serpent as a medium, this apostate angel,
+thus cast out, plied our first parents with his temptation by preaching to
+them the immortality of the soul, “Thou shalt not surely die,” and alas!
+seduced them also into rebellion. The dominion which was given to Adam
+(Gen. 1:28), Adam thus alienated to Satan, by becoming his servant; for
+Paul says, “Know ye not, that to whom ye yield yourselves servants to
+obey, his servants ye are to whom ye obey?” Rom. 6:16. Now, consequently,
+such titles as “prince of this world,” “prince of the power of the air,”
+“god of this world,” etc., are applied to him, because he has by fraud
+usurped that place. John 14:30; Eph. 2:2; 2 Cor. 4:4. He, of course,
+employs “his angels” to co-operate with him in his nefarious work.
+
+Thus clearly do we have set before us just the agencies,—the Devil and his
+angels,—which are adapted, both by nature and inclination, to carry on
+just such a work as is seen in Spiritualism. But how do we know, some one
+may ask, but that Spiritualism is the work of the good angels?—We know
+that it is not, because good angels do not lie. They never would come to
+men, professing to be the spirits of their dead friends, and imitate and
+personate them to deceive, knowing that the mediums did not know, and
+could not ascertain that they were altogether another and different order
+of beings. But the evil angels, led by the father of lies, and cradled,
+and drilled, and skilled, and polished, in the school of lying, would be
+delighted to deceive men in this very way, by pretending to be their dead
+friends, and then by working upon their affections and love for the ones
+they could skilfully personate, bring them under their influence and lead
+them captive at their will.
+
+These evil angels are experts in deception. They have had six thousand
+years’ experience. They are well acquainted with the human family. They
+can read character. They study temperament. They acquaint themselves
+minutely with personal history. They know a thousand things which only
+they and the individual they are trying to ensnare, are aware of. They
+know many things beyond the knowledge of men. They can easily carry the
+news of the decease of a friend, and the description of a death-bed scene,
+to other friends thousands of miles away, and months before the truth
+through ordinary channels can reach them, so that when it is verified,
+their influence over them may be increased. (See page 23.)
+
+There is nothing that has yet taken place, of however inexplicable a
+nature, and nothing which even the imagination may anticipate, which is
+not, and will not be, easily attributable to these unseen angels. They are
+lying spirits; for the fundamental principle on which they are acting is a
+lie; but they tell enough truth to sway and captivate the minds of men. It
+matters not how sacred the field in which they tread, nor how hallowed the
+associations which they invade, they press into every spot where it is
+possible, by spinning another thread, to strengthen their web of
+deception.
+
+And in what dulcet and siren tones they woo their victims to lay aside all
+resistance to their influence, to become receptive and passive, and yield
+themselves to their control; and when they have them thus helpless in
+their arms, they deliberately and cruelly instil into their minds the
+virus of ungovernable lust, the leprosy of unconquerable rebellion against
+the government of Heaven. That this language does not misrepresent nor
+slander them, will be shown from their own testimony, before the close of
+this book.
+
+The thought is not overlooked that many even of those who do not profess
+to be Spiritualists, deny the existence of any such being as a personal
+Devil, or of personal evil angels, his agents. He is no doubt well pleased
+with this, as such people can the more easily be made the victims of his
+wiles. But these same persons would no doubt acknowledge the existence, as
+real beings, of God, Christ, and the good angels. This fact being
+established, by parity of reasoning the Devil and his angels become real
+beings also. The same arguments which show that God and Christ exist as
+personal beings may be used to show that the Devil and his angels are
+personal beings also. He who denies that there is a personal Devil, must
+be prepared also to deny that there is a personal Christ. So far as the
+argument for personal existence is concerned, Christ and good angels stand
+on one side of the equation, and the Devil and his angels on the other;
+and whoever would rub out the one, must rub out the other also.
+
+Christ said that he “beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven.” Luke
+10:18. John in the Revelation (12:7) beheld a war in heaven. “Michael
+[Christ] and his angels fought against the dragon [Satan]; and the dragon
+fought, and his angels.” On the ground that there is no Devil, this would
+be a wonderful battle—Christ and his angels, who are real beings, fighting
+furiously against myths and nonentities which have not even the substance
+of a phantom.
+
+To endorse the doctrine of a personal Devil, is not to endorse the grossly
+absurd caricatures conjured up by morbid imaginations, and popular
+theology,—a being with bat’s wings, horns, hoofs, and a dart-pointed tail.
+Yet upon such pictorial fables he doubtless looks with complacency; as
+they are calculated still further to destroy faith in his existence, and
+enable him the better to cover his tracks and carry on his work among men.
+Nevertheless the only rational hypothesis on which to account for the
+present condition of this world (which every one must admit is full of
+devilishness), the existence of evil, and the presence of sickness,
+suffering, and death, is the account the Bible gives us of fallen angels
+and fallen men. Unfallen angels are beings of mighty power. One of them
+slew in one night 185,000 Assyrians (2 Kings 19:35); and the one who
+appeared at the time of Christ’s resurrection had a countenance like the
+lightning, and raiment white as snow, and before him the keepers of the
+tomb fell like dead men. Matt. 28:3, 4. A fall from their high estate,
+though it would impair their strength and power, cannot be supposed to
+have wholly deprived them of these qualities; therefore the fallen angels
+still have capabilities far superior to those of men. The only defense
+mankind has against them is found in Christ, who circumscribes their power
+(for they are kept in chains, 2 Peter 2:4), and makes provision by which
+we may resist them. Eph. 6:11; James 4:6-8; 1 John 5:18. The question why
+they are permitted to continue finds solution in the thought that God is
+consistently giving to sin time and opportunity to develop itself, fully
+show its nature, and manifest its works, to all created intelligences, so
+that when it shall finally be wiped out of existence, with all its
+originators, aiders, and abetters, as in God’s purpose it is to be (Rev.
+20:14, 15; 2 Peter 3:7, 13; Rev. 5:13), there will ever after remain an
+object-lesson sufficient to safe-guard the universe against a repetition
+of the evil. Only some 6000 years are allotted to this work of evil; and
+6000 years are as nothing compared with eternity.
+
+
+
+
+Warnings Against Evil Spirits.
+
+
+The Scriptures plainly point out the working of these agents of
+wickedness, and warn us against them. In 1 Tim. 4:1, we read: “Now the
+Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from
+the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils.” This
+shows that these spirits make it an object to seduce, or deceive, to draw
+men away from the true faith, and cause them to receive, instead, the
+doctrines they teach, which are called “doctrines of devils;” and this
+scripture is written to put men on their guard against them.
+
+Again Paul says: “For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against
+principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this
+world, against spiritual wickedness [margin, ‘wicked spirits’] in high
+places.” Eph. 6:12. And he adjures his readers to put on the whole armor
+of God to be able to resist them.
+
+The apostle Peter exhorts to the same purpose: “Be sober, be vigilant;
+because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about,
+seeking whom he may devour: whom resist steadfast in the faith.” 1 Peter
+5:8, 9. If our ears do not deceive us, a good deal of this roaring is
+heard in the ranks of Spiritualists, where, by invisible rapping, agitated
+furniture, clairvoyance, clairaudience, writing, speaking, marvels, and
+wonders, he seeks to set the world on tiptoe of curiosity and expectation,
+and bewilder men into a departure from the faith and the acceptance of the
+doctrines of devils. He is cunning enough not to “roar” in a way to
+frighten and repel, but only to attract attention, and lead multitudes,
+through an overweening curiosity and wonder at the marvels, to come
+thoughtlessly within the sphere of his influence.
+
+The prophet Isaiah also has something to say directly upon this subject:
+“And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar
+spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter: should not a people
+seek unto their God? for the living to the dead?” Isa. 8:19. That is, is
+it consistent for living people to go to dead ones for their knowledge?
+The following verse shows where we should go for light and truth: “To the
+law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is
+because there is no light in them.” The time has certainly come when many
+are saying just what the text points out, and seeking to the dead, to
+familiar spirits, and wizards, for knowledge. Those practices which in the
+Bible are enumerated as “charming,” “enchantment,” “sorcery,”
+“witchcraft,” “necromancy,” “divination,” “consulting with familiar
+spirits,” etc., are more or less related, and are all really from one
+source. So in modern times different names indicate substantially the same
+thing. Thus Mr. Hudson, in “Psychic Phenomena,” p. v, says:—
+
+
+    “It has, however, long been felt by the ablest thinkers of our
+    time that all psychic manifestations of the human intellect,
+    normal or abnormal, whether designated by the name of mesmerism,
+    hypnotism, somnambulism, trance, spiritism, demonology, miracle,
+    mental therapeutics, genius, or insanity, are in some way
+    related.”
+
+
+Seven, at least, of the foregoing names are no doubt in the warp and woof
+of Spiritualism; and he might have added mind-reading and Christian
+Science. And Spiritualists admit that their work is the same as that
+described by the Bible terms above quoted. Thus, Allen Putnam, a
+Spiritualistic writer, says:—
+
+
+    “The doctrine that the oracles, soothsaying, and witchcraft of
+    past ages were kindred to these manifestations of our day, I, for
+    one, most fully believe.”
+
+
+In a pamphlet by the same author, entitled, “Mesmerism, Spiritualism,
+Witchcraft, and Miracle,” p. 6, he says:—
+
+
+    “As seen by me now, Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, Miracles,
+    all belong to one family, all have a common root, and are
+    developed by the same laws.”
+
+
+To all these, therefore, the text under notice (Isa. 8:19, 20) applies. We
+are to bring them to the standard of “the law and the testimony,” and “if
+they speak not according to this word ... there is no light in them.” The
+living should not seek to the dead.
+
+In Rev. 16:13, 14, the same spirits are again brought to view, and called
+“unclean spirits,” and “spirits of devils.” Their last work of deception
+is to go forth to the kings of the earth, and of the whole world, to
+gather them to the battle of the great day of God Almighty. Thus all that
+is revealed of them from beginning to end (and scriptures might be
+multiplied on the point) furnishes the most cogent reason why all should
+be keenly awake to their existence and their work, and be ever watchful
+against their influence and approach.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Five.
+
+
+WHAT THE SPIRITS TEACH.
+
+
+It has been shown in the preceding chapters that the unseen “controls”
+(the beings who control the mediums) in Spiritualism, are not the spirits
+of the dead, but are fallen angels or spirits of devils. This fact will be
+confirmed by a brief glance at some of their teachings; for we are to
+remember that if they speak not according to the law and the testimony
+there is no light in them. It matters not that what they teach may be
+supported by signs and wonders beyond the comprehension of the human mind.
+That is no guarantee of truth; for such phenomena are to be wrought, as
+will soon be shown, to prove a lie. The Lord anciently put his people on
+their guard in this respect. Deut. 13:1-3, 5: “If there arise among you a
+prophet, or a dreamer of dreams, and giveth thee a sign or a wonder, and
+the sign or the wonder come to pass, whereof he spake unto thee, saying,
+Let us go after other gods, which thou hast not known, and let us serve
+them; thou shalt not hearken unto the words of that prophet, or that
+dreamer of dreams: for the Lord your God proveth you, to know whether ye
+love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul.” “And
+that prophet, or that dreamer of dreams, shall be put to death; because he
+hath spoken to turn you away from the Lord your God, ... out of the way
+which the Lord thy God commanded thee to walk in.”
+
+Thus the fact that one who professed to be a prophet could perform a sign
+or wonder, showing his connection with some unseen power, was not enough
+to shield him from condemnation and punishment, if what he undertook to
+prove by that sign or wonder was contrary to the truth, and tended to lead
+away from God. The teaching of any system is an important part of the
+fruit it bears; and by that, according to our Lord’s own rule, we are to
+judge it, and not by any power or mighty works connected with it, however
+wonderful they may be.
+
+“’Tis not the broad phylactery
+  Nor stubborn fasts, nor stated prayers
+That make us saints. We judge the tree
+  By what it bears.”
+—_Alice Carey._
+
+It is therefore pertinent to look sufficiently at the teachings of the
+spirits to ascertain their character. Here we shall find some most
+damaging testimony; for—
+
+1. _They Deny God._—It is no pleasure to transcribe the utterances of
+practical atheism; yet enough should be given to show what they teach on
+the great fundamental principles of Christianity. At a séance, reported in
+the _Banner of Light_, July 11, 1868, the following questions were
+addressed to the spirits, and the accompanying answers received:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—It is said in the Bible that man is made in the image of
+    God. Please tell us what that image is.
+
+
+    “_Ans._—He is made in the image of everything that ever was, that
+    is, or that ever shall be. He holds within his caliber everything
+    that exists, that ever has existed, or that ever will exist. Now,
+    God is included in this. If he exists at all, he exists everywhere
+    (and we have taken in everything), every place, every name, every
+    condition. I believe that the human stands above all things else,
+    and holds within its embrace all the past, present, and future. In
+    this sense he is created and exists in the image of God.
+
+
+    “_Q._—What is God essentially?
+
+
+    “_A._—Everything. Essentially you are God, and I am God—the
+    flowers, the grass, the pebbles, the stars, the moon, the sun,
+    everything is God.”
+
+
+The Devil, through the serpent in the garden, taught Adam and Eve that the
+soul is immortal, and has transfused the same idea very successfully
+through paganism, Romanism, and Protestantism; but he also said, “Ye shall
+be as gods;” and now, it seems, he is trying to make the world swallow
+this other leg of his falsehood; but by putting it forth under the form of
+the old pagan pantheism, that everything is God, and God is everything, he
+betrays the lie he uttered in Eden; for in that case, Adam and Eve were no
+more gods after they ate than they were before.
+
+Another séance, reported in the _Banner_ about twenty years later than the
+one quoted above, April 28, 1888; an inquirer addressed to the “spirits” a
+question about God, and received answer, a portion of which is presented
+below:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Some Spiritualists, I learn, believe in a God; otherwise
+    they would not pray to him—taking for granted that there is such a
+    being. Please enlighten us.
+
+
+    “_Ans._—We have yet to come in contact with a thorough
+    Spiritualist, one who understands something of spiritual life and
+    the revelations made by returning spirits, who directly believes
+    in a personal God. True, many Spiritualists and many returning
+    spirits offer their invocations to the ‘Great Supreme Spirit of
+    all life and intelligence,’ not because they expect to change the
+    order of law, or to come into direct communication with, or
+    nearness to, a Great Supreme Being, clothed in the image of man,
+    but because they desire to enter an atmosphere of harmony, to
+    uplift their own souls to a plane of thought which will bring
+    spiritual inspiration to their minds. We make a distinction
+    between that Great Supreme Overruling Force which we may call the
+    Superior Spirit of Intelligence, Wisdom, and Love, and the
+    personal Deity, clothed in the image of man, gigantic in stature,
+    jealous and revengeful by nature, which has been set up and
+    worshiped as the Christian Jehovah. We know of no Spiritualist—let
+    us repeat it—who believes in such a personal God; but we can
+    believe and accept the idea, though it may pass beyond almost our
+    finite comprehension, that there is a grand universal Spirit
+    permeating all forms of existence; that this great source of
+    light, of activity and vitality vibrates with intelligence, and
+    that it is superior to all organic forms, however grand they may
+    prove to be.”
+
+
+The same views have been taught all along by the “spirits” of
+Spiritualism, as could be shown by extracts dating as far back as 1858,
+only ten years after the “Rochester Knockings.” And though Spiritualism is
+now assuming more of the sedate speech of organized Christianity, the
+spirits do not modify their teaching in respect to God. In “Automatic, or
+Spirit, Writing,” p. 148 (1896), are given many messages from the spirits
+through the mediumship of Mrs. S. A. Underwood, wife of the editor of the
+_Philosophical Journal_, Chicago. The “spirits” set forth their teaching
+in answer to questions by the medium, some of which have reference to God,
+though his name is not used. Thus on page 148, this conversation is
+given:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—You often in these communications speak of the binding
+    laws of spiritual life—that because of them you cannot give us
+    such and such information, etc. Now who makes those laws, and
+    whence came they, and how are they taught?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—Thou say’st ‘who’—therefore we cannot answer. Go back to
+    the first question and ask one at a time.
+
+
+    “_Q._—Well, who makes the laws?
+
+
+    “_A._—Spirits are not bondaged by _persons_.
+
+
+    “_Q._—Then how do you come to know those laws?
+
+
+    “_A._—Pharos will now answer. Spiritual laws are spiritually
+    perceived, as soon as the physical perceptions are got rid of.
+
+
+    “_Q._—Could you explain to us those laws?
+
+
+    “_A._—Courses of teaching from our side are as necessary for you
+    to understand even the rudimentary laws of Being, as courses in
+    your colleges; and guessed-at spirit knowledge from your bounded
+    view must always fail in accurate wording.”
+
+
+It will be perceived that the answers to these questions are, from the
+beginning, evasive; but the real idea entertained clearly shines through
+the thin veil drawn over to conceal it. The questions pertain to the
+source, or authorship, of the “laws of spiritual life;” and this would
+generally be understood to be God. But on a technicality the spirits
+refuse to answer. The question is made plainer, and the answer is that
+“spirits are not bondaged by _persons_;” that is to say that spirits have
+nothing to do with personalities, and that no personal being has anything
+to do with those laws. There is therefore no God who formulates and
+promulgates them. No wonder the question followed, how they came to know
+these laws; and it was a very convenient answer that we will know when we
+get there and have lost all physical perceptions. A desire for some
+explanation of those laws is met with the not very satisfactory
+information that they (the spirits) would have to give those in our sphere
+a course of teaching, like a college course, before we could understand
+even the rudimentary laws of Being. The only thing clear in all this is
+that there is no God; at least no personal God such as the Bible reveals.
+To the “grand whole,” whatever that may be, they give the name of the “All
+of Being.” In answer to a question concerning “personalities,” they are
+called “atoms emanating from the same source—parts of the great All of
+Being, partaking of the general characteristics of the grand whole.”—_Page
+149._
+
+Reader, how does all this compare in your own mind with the God of the
+Bible, the Creator of all things, the loving Father of us all, who has for
+his creatures more tender regard and pity than a father can feel for his
+own children, whose very name and nature is Love, and who has purposed
+infinite good for all men, and will carry it out unless they, as free
+moral agents, by their own sin, prevent his doing for them what he desires
+to do? The Bible is not responsible for the aspersions cast upon God by a
+false theology, which misrepresent his character and give occasion for the
+charges of vindictiveness and vengeance and awful tyranny, so freely made
+by fallen angels and wicked men. They do not belong to him who is the
+source of all goodness and mercy; and we would labor to bring those who
+have perverted views of God back to a right conception of the great Friend
+of sinners, as he has revealed himself in his holy word.
+
+2. _They Deny Jesus Christ._—Christ is revealed as the divine Son of the
+Father; and to deny that he was or is any more than any other man is
+surely to deny him; and the scripture says that “whosoever denieth the
+Son, the same hath not the Father.” 1 John 2:23. The following is what the
+“spirits” began to teach in the earliest stages of Spiritualism concerning
+Christ:—
+
+
+    “What is the meaning of the word Christ?—’Tis not, as generally
+    supposed, the Son of the Creator of all things. Any just and
+    perfect being is Christ. The crucifixion of Christ is nothing more
+    than the crucifixion of the spirit, which all have to contend with
+    before becoming perfect and righteous. The miraculous conception
+    of Christ is merely a fabulous tale.”—_Spiritual Telegraph, No.
+    37._
+
+
+How fully does this declaration that any good man is Christ open the way
+for the fulfilment of the Saviour’s prophecy that in the last days many
+false Christs and false prophets shall arise, and shall deceive many. See
+Matt. 24:24. A prospectus of the _Truth Seeker_ contained these words: “It
+shall be the organ through which the christs of the last dispensation will
+choose to speak.”
+
+A little later, July 19, 1862, there was published in the _Banner of
+Light_ a lecture on Spiritualism by Mrs. C. L. V. Hatch, in which she
+spoke of Christ as follows:—
+
+
+    “Of Jesus of Nazareth, personally, we have but little to say.
+    Certain it is, we find sufficient that is divine in his life and
+    teachings, without professing to believe in the fables of
+    theologians respecting his birth and parentage. We are content to
+    take the simple record as it stands, and to regard him as the son
+    of Joseph and Mary, endowed with such purity and harmony of
+    character as fitted him to be the Apostle and Revelator of the
+    highest wisdom ever taught to man. It is the fundamental article
+    in the creed of modern Christianity, that Jesus was divine in his
+    nature, and of miraculous origin and nativity. Now, no human being
+    of ordinary intelligence, unwarped by educational bias, would ever
+    profess to believe in such a monstrous figment, which only shows
+    the blindness of superstitious prejudice.”
+
+
+Here is something twenty-four years later. A séance reported in the
+_Banner of Light_, Oct. 9, 1886, gives the following questions and
+answer:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Do ‘spirits’ generally believe in the divinity of Jesus
+    Christ; that he was the Son of God; that he was crucified, dead,
+    and buried, and rose again the third day for the saving of all who
+    should believe in him?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—No; spirits generally—advanced spirits, those who are
+    intelligent, having studied deeply into the principles of life—do
+    not accept the theory of the divinity of Jesus Christ; they do not
+    believe that he was crucified for mankind, in the accepted
+    understanding of that term.”
+
+
+Some years ago a class was formed in New York City for the purpose of
+investigating what is called the spiritual philosophy. Before that class,
+Dr. Weisse said:—
+
+
+    “Friend Orton seems to make rather light of the communications
+    from spirits concerning Christ. It seems, nevertheless, that all
+    the testimony received from advanced spirits only shows that
+    Christ was a medium and reformer in Judea; that he now is an
+    advanced spirit in the sixth sphere; but that he never claimed to
+    be God, and does not at present. I have had two communications to
+    that effect. I have also read some that Dr. Hare had. If I am
+    wrong in my views of the Bible, I should like to know it, for the
+    spirits and mediums _do not contradict me_.”
+
+
+The peculiar insult here purposely offered to the Saviour will be
+appreciated when it is noted that at about the same time the spirits
+located Thomas Paine, the well-known skeptic, in the seventh sphere, one
+sphere above that of Christ. He must therefore have progressed very
+rapidly, seeing he so quickly surpassed Christ, who had over 1700 years
+the start of him.
+
+Before the same class Dr. Hare is reported to have spoken as follows,
+which we give without assuming any responsibility for the spiritual
+grammar therein exhibited:—
+
+
+    “He said that he had been thus protected from deception by the
+    spirits of Washington and Franklin, and that they had brought
+    Jesus Christ to him, with whom he had also communicated. He had
+    first repelled him as an impostor; but became convinced afterward
+    that it was really him. He related that he had learned from that
+    high and holy spirit, that he was not the character that
+    Christendom had represented him to be, and not responsible for the
+    errors connected with his name, but that he was, while on earth, a
+    medium of high and extraordinary powers, and that it was solely
+    through his mediumistic capabilities that he attained so great
+    knowledge, and was enabled to practice such apparent wonders.”
+
+
+When Christ was upon earth, it was envy, jealousy, and malice that moved
+the Pharisees against him (Matt 27:18); and it seems that he is followed
+by the same feelings in the spirit world. This is natural; for he who
+fired the hearts of the Pharisees with their malignant spirit, is the same
+one, as we have seen, who is working through the powers of darkness in the
+unseen world to-day. Any way to degrade Christ in the minds of men to a
+level with, or below, the mediums of our time, and make it appear that
+they can do as great wonders as he, seems to be the object in view.
+
+There is plainly manifest an irrepressible desire on the part of spirits
+and mediums to show Christ to be inferior to the leaders of other great
+religions of the world, as Buddha, Confucius, Zoroaster, etc. Thus, at a
+seance held in 1864 (_Banner of Light_, June 4), the spirits were
+questioned as follows:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Have you ever seen Confucius or Zoroaster?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—Yes, many times.
+
+
+    “_Q._—In the order of degree, which stands the higher in moral
+    excellence—Jesus Christ, Confucius, or Zoroaster?
+
+
+    “_A._—Confucius stands in morality higher than the other two....
+    Jesus himself claims to have been inspired to a large extent, by
+    this same Confucius. And if we are to place reliance upon the
+    records concerning each individual, we shall find that Jesus spoke
+    the truth when he tells us that he was inspired by Confucius.”
+
+
+Indeed! Where are the records referred to? Where and when did Jesus
+“speak” the words attributed to him? And where does he tell _us_, that he
+was inspired by Confucius? So we are to believe, are we, that the gospel
+of Jesus Christ, is only a rehash of what was originally wrought out in
+the brain of Confucius, and not words fresh from the fountain of light
+given him by his Father in heaven, to speak, as he claimed them to be? Yet
+he was a high and _holy_ medium. We wonder what standard of holiness and
+perfection the spirits can have.
+
+But still later, in 1896, we find the spirits putting forth the same
+teaching in reference to Jesus Christ. In “Automatic, or Spirit Writing,”
+pp. 148, 149, we have this:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Do you accept Jesus as the model of spiritual knowledge?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—Shall you give us a better example?
+
+
+    “_Q._—Well, we are willing to accept him as one of many, but not
+    as chief.
+
+
+    “_A._—Change the name. Call him by other names—Buddha, Krishna, or
+    Mohammed, the spirit is one—is ever and ever the same. Spirit is
+    one, not many, however often the name is changed.
+
+
+    “_Q._—Were not Jesus, Buddha, and Mohammed distinct personalities?
+
+
+    “_A._—No more than all atoms emanating from the same source—parts
+    of the great All of Being, partaking of the general
+    characteristics of the grand whole—but yielding to environments,
+    showed marked individualism, such as the force of the times in
+    which they appeared would create in their characters.
+
+
+    “_Q._—Are these leaders of religious thought not distinct
+    individualities now?
+
+
+    “_A._—No, not on spiritual planes, which do not recognize any
+    now.”
+
+
+Thus they persist in denying that Jesus holds any pre-eminent position as
+a religious teacher. He may as well be called Buddha, Krishna, or Mohammed
+as Jesus. They are all the same spirit, all atoms of the great “All of
+Being,” all as much alike as three drops of water from the same ocean, and
+what is more bewildering still, they have now all lost their individuality
+in the spirit world. How, then, can it be told that Christ is in the sixth
+sphere, and Paine in the seventh? Such teachers, though they may claim to
+be good spirits, are branded as antichrist by both John and Jude. John
+says: “Who is a liar but he that denieth that Jesus is the Christ? He is
+antichrist that denieth the Father and the Son.” 1 John 2:22. Again,
+“Every spirit that confesseth not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh
+is not of God.” 1 John 4:3. According to the spirits, Jesus Christ has no
+more come in the flesh than have Buddha, Mohammed, Confucius, Zoroaster,
+or any other religious teacher. They all simply yielded to their
+environments, and showed marked individualism while on this earth, and
+have now become absorbed in the “great whole” in the spirit world. Thus,
+as Jude says (verse 4), they deny “the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus
+Christ.”
+
+So much for their denial of Christ in his person. They also deny him in
+his offices; for to deny and ridicule what he came to do, is one of the
+most effectual ways of denying him. The great work of Christ was the
+shedding of his blood to atone for the sins of the world; and the spirits
+are particularly bitter in denouncing that idea. If such sentiments were
+uttered only by open and professed scoffers, it would not do so much harm;
+but it is not unusual to find those bearing the title of “Reverend”
+descanting on these themes in a manner to show themselves antichrist,
+according to the definition of that term by John. And even this need not
+surprise us; for the sure word of prophecy has foretold that some who have
+once held the true faith will depart therefrom to give heed to seducing
+spirits, and doctrines of devils. 1 Tim. 4:1.
+
+One R. P. Wilson, to whose name is attached the ministerial title, in his
+lectures on “Spiritual Science,” said:—
+
+
+    “Although as a believer in true spiritual philosophy, we cannot
+    receive the orthodox views of salvation, yet we recognize the
+    birth of a Saviour and Redeemer into the universal hearts of
+    humanity, _wherein truly the deity is incarnate_, dwelling in the
+    interior of man’s spirit. We believe that each soul of man is born
+    with his or her Saviour within them; for as man is an embodiment
+    of the universe in epitome, he contains in his central nature an
+    incarnation of deity. The germ of immortal unfoldings resides
+    within the spirit of it, which needs only appropriate conditions
+    to call forth the expanding and elevating powers of the soul.”
+
+
+In “Spiritual Science Demonstrated,” p. 229, Dr. Hare said:—
+
+
+    “Since my spirit sister’s translation to the spheres, she has
+    risen from the fifth to the sixth sphere. It has been alleged by
+    her that her ascent was retarded by her belief in the atonement.”
+
+
+A “spirit” calling himself Deacon John Norton, as reported in the _Banner
+of Light_, said:—
+
+
+    “I used to believe in the atonement; I honestly believed that
+    Christ died to save the world, and that by and through his death
+    all must be saved if saved at all. Now I see that this is folly—it
+    cannot be so. The light through Christ, the Holy One, shone in
+    darkness; the darkness could not comprehend it; and thus it
+    crucified the body, and Christ died a martyr. He was not called in
+    that way, that by the shedding of his blood, the vast multitude
+    coming after him should find salvation. Everything in nature
+    proves this false. They tell me here that Christ was the most
+    perfect man of his time. I am told here also that he is worthy to
+    be worshiped, because of his goodness; and where man finds
+    goodness he may worship. God’s face is seen in the violet, and man
+    may well worship this tiny flower.”
+
+
+In the pantheism of Spiritualism, every object in nature, the tiny flower,
+the pebbles, the trees, the birds and bees, are worthy to be worshiped as
+much as Christ. In one breath the spirits extol him as a most perfect man,
+pre-eminent in goodness and worthy to be worshiped, and in the next, place
+him in a position which would make him the greatest fraud and impostor
+that ever lived. Such inconsistencies show that Christ is a miracle which
+evil men and evil angels know not how to dispose of.
+
+As they deny Christ, they must, logically, deny the doctrine of his second
+coming. This doctrine is made of especial importance and prominence in the
+New Testament. The nature of that coming, its manner, and the
+circumstances attending it are so fully described, that no one who adopts
+the Bible view can possibly be deceived by false christs. But the church
+and the world have been turned away from the true doctrine of the second
+advent, and the way is thus prepared for the great deceptions of the last
+days. Spiritualism is one of these, and claims that it is itself that
+second coming. Joel Tiffany, a former celebrated teacher of Spiritualism,
+has said:—
+
+
+    “I must look for the coming of my Lord in my own affection. He
+    must come in the clouds of my spiritual heavens, or he cannot come
+    for any benefit to me.”
+
+
+And through Mrs. Conant, a famous medium of the early days of
+Spiritualism, the controlling spirit said:—
+
+
+    “This second coming of Christ means simply the second coming of
+    truths that are not themselves new, that have always existed....
+    He said, ‘When I come again, I shall not be known to you.’
+    Spiritualism is that second coming of Christ.”—_Banner of Light,
+    Nov. 18, 1865._
+
+
+But the Bible description of this event is, the revelation of the Lord
+himself in the clouds of heaven in the glory of the Father, the
+reverberating shout of triumph, the voice of the archangel, the trump of
+God, the flash of his presence like that of the lightning, the wailing of
+the tribes of the earth, as they thus behold him, while unprepared to meet
+him, and the resurrection of the righteous dead. And where and when have
+these inseparable accompaniments of that event been seen? They do not
+occur when a person is converted from sin, nor do they occur in the dying
+chamber, nor have they occurred in Spiritualism; and until they do take
+place, the second coming of Christ is not accomplished.
+
+Many seek to dispose of such testimony as this, by making it all
+figurative, or meeting it with a bold denial, as in the case of the
+resurrection of the body. And the way has been too well prepared for this
+condition of things, by much of the teaching of popular orthodoxy, which
+turns the early records of the Bible into childish allegory, perverts the
+true doctrine of the coming and kingdom of Christ, and denies the
+resurrection of the dead, by destroying its necessity through the
+immortality of the soul. On the vital point of the resurrection, Dr.
+Clarke makes this noteworthy remark:—
+
+
+    “One remark I cannot help making,—The doctrine of the resurrection
+    appears to have been thought of much more consequence among the
+    primitive Christians than it is _now_! How is this?—The apostles
+    were continually insisting on it, and exciting the followers of
+    God to diligence, obedience, and cheerfulness through it. And
+    their successors in the present day seldom mention it! So the
+    apostles preached, and so the primitive Christians believed; so we
+    preach and so our hearers believe. There is not a doctrine in the
+    gospel on which more stress is laid; and there is not a doctrine
+    in the present system of preaching which is treated with more
+    neglect.”—_On 1 Corinthians 15_ (_original edition_).(3)
+
+
+In view of the way the Bible has been treated by its professed friends, it
+is no wonder that infidelity prevails, and Spiritualism prospers.
+
+3. _They Deny the Bible._—The denial of God and Christ, as set forth above
+is, of course, a denial of the Bible; and not much need therefore be added
+on this point. We quote only a few representative utterances. Doctor Hare
+(“Spiritual Science Demonstrated,” p. 209) says:—
+
+
+    “The Old Testament does not impart a knowledge of immortality,
+    without which religion were worthless. The notions derived from
+    the gospels are vague, disgusting, inaccurate, and difficult to
+    believe.”
+
+
+As to the Old Testament, it would seem doubtful whether Mr. Hare ever read
+far enough to find (1) Job exclaiming: “For I know that my Redeemer
+liveth, and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth: and
+though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see
+God: whom I shall see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not
+another; though my reins be consumed within me” (or, as the margin reads:
+“My reins within me are consumed with earnest desire [for that day];”) or
+(2) David: “I shall be satisfied, when I awake, with thy likeness;” or (3)
+Isaiah: “Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall they
+arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in the dust;” or (4) Ezekiel:
+“Behold, O my people, I will open your graves, and cause you to come up
+out of your graves;” or (5) Daniel: “Many of them that sleep in the dust
+of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and
+everlasting contempt;” and (6) Hosea: “I will ransom them from the power
+of the grave, I will redeem them from death.” Job 19:25-27; Ps. 17:15;
+Isa. 26:19; Eze. 37:12; Dan. 12:2; Hosea 13:14. And as for the New
+Testament, it is no doubt “disgusting” to many Spiritualists to read that
+“the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and
+whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, shall have
+their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the
+second death;” and that without the city “are dogs, and sorcerers, and
+whoremongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whosoever loveth and
+maketh a lie.” Rev. 21:8; 22:15.
+
+Communications from spirits are offered in place of the Bible as a better
+source of instruction, the Bible being denounced, as above quoted, as
+“vague, inaccurate, and difficult to believe.” A brief comparison of the
+two will furnish pertinent evidence on this point. Take, on the Bible
+side, for example, a portion of the record of creation (Gen. 1:1-5):—
+
+
+    “In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. And the
+    earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face
+    of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the
+    waters. And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. And
+    God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light
+    from the darkness. And God called the light Day, and the darkness
+    he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first
+    day.”
+
+
+The facts stated in this record, the profoundest minds can never
+comprehend; the language in which they are expressed, a little child can
+understand. The statements are plain and simple, a perfect model of
+perspicuous narrative. Place by the side of this an account of the same
+event, as given us from the “spheres.” The spirits have undertaken to
+produce a new Bible, beginning, like the old, with the creation; and this
+is the way it starts out, through the mediumship of “Rev.” T. L. Harris:—
+
+
+    “1. In the beginning God, the Life in God, the Lord in God, the
+    Holy Procedure, inhabited the dome, which, burning in magnificence
+    primeval, and revolving in prismatic and undulatory spiral,
+    appeared, and was the pavilion of the Spirit: In glory
+    inexhaustible and inconceivable, in movement spherical, unfolded
+    in harmonious procedure disclosive.
+
+
+    “2. And God said, Let good be manifest! and good unfolded and
+    moral-mental germs, ovariums of heavens, descended from the
+    Procedure. And the dome of disclosive magnificence was heaven, and
+    the expanded glory beneath was the germ of creation. And the
+    divine Procedure inbreathed upon the disclosure, and the
+    disclosure became the universe.”
+
+
+We will inflict no more of this “undulatory spiral” nonsense on the
+reader. He now has both records before him, and can judge for himself
+which is the more worthy of his regard. There have been Spiritualists who,
+writing in their normal state, and not yet fully divorced from the
+influence of their former education, have acknowledged the authenticity of
+the Bible, and the doctrines of Jesus as recorded in the gospels. But
+these, it is claimed, are to be understood according to a spiritual
+meaning which underlies the letter; and this spiritual meaning generally
+turns out to be contrary to the letter, which is a virtual denial of the
+record itself. But the quotations here given (only a specimen of the
+multitudes that might be presented) are given on the authority of the
+“spirits,” whose teachings are what we wish to ascertain.
+
+
+
+
+They Deny All Distinction Between Right And Wrong.
+
+
+There is implanted in the hearts of men by nature, a sense of right and a
+sense of wrong. Even those who know not God, nor Christ, nor the gospel,
+possess this power of discrimination. This is what Paul, in Rom. 2:15,
+calls “the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience also
+bearing witness, and their thoughts the meanwhile accusing or else
+excusing one another.” That this distinction should now be denied by a
+class in a civilized community, professing to be advanced thinkers and
+teachers, among whom are found the learned, the refined, and the
+professedly pious, shows that we have fallen upon strange times. To be
+sure, many of them talk fluently of the beauty and perfection of divine
+laws; but in the sense in which they would have them understood, they rob
+them of all characteristics of law. The first great essential of law is
+authority; but this they take away from it; the next is penalty for its
+violation; but this they deny, and thus degrade the law to a mere piece of
+advice. The “Healing of the Nations,” an authoritative work among
+Spiritualists, pp. 163, 164, says:—
+
+
+    “Thus thy body needs no laws, having been in its creation supplied
+    with all that could be necessary for its government. Thy spirit is
+    above all laws, and above all essences which flow therein. God
+    created thy spirit from within his own, and surely the Creator of
+    law is above it; the Creator of essences must be above all essence
+    created. And if thou hast what may be or might be termed laws,
+    they are always subservient to thy spirit. Good men need no laws,
+    and laws will do bad or ignorant men no good. If a man be above
+    law, he should never be governed by it. If he be below, what good
+    can dead, dry words do him?
+
+
+    “True knowledge removeth all laws from power by placing the spirit
+    of man above it.”
+
+
+A correspondent of the _Telegraph_ said of this work, “The Healing of the
+Nations:”—
+
+
+    “According to its teaching, no place is found in the universe for
+    divine wrath and vengeance. All are alike and forever the object
+    of God’s love, pity, and tender care—the difference between the
+    two extremes of human character on earth, being as a mere atom
+    when compared with perfect wisdom.”
+
+
+This is a favorite comparison with them,—that the difference between God
+and the best of men is so much greater than the extremes of character
+among men,—the most upright and the most wicked,—that the latter is a mere
+atom, and not accounted of in God’s sight. That there is an infinite
+difference between God and the best of men, is all true; for God is
+infinite in all his attributes, and man is very imperfect at the best. But
+to argue from this that God is inferior to man, so that he cannot discern
+difference in character here, even as man can plainly discern it, seems
+but mad-house reasoning. What would we think of the man who had the same
+regard for the thief as for the honest man, for the murderer as for the
+philanthropist? To ignore such distinctions as even men are able to
+discern would destroy the stability of all human governments; what then
+would be the effect on the divine government? God has given his law—holy,
+just, and good—to men, and commanded obedience. He has attached the
+penalty to disobedience: “The soul that sinneth, it shall die,” “The wages
+of sin is death.” Eze. 18:20; Rom. 6:23. And in the judgment, the
+distinction God makes in character will be plainly declared; for he will
+set the righteous on his right hand, but the wicked on the left. Matt.
+25:32, 33.
+
+This view of the failure of law, and the absence of all human
+accountability, naturally leads to a bold denial of sin and the existence
+of crime. The “Healing of the Nations,” p. 169, says: “Unto God there is
+no error; all is comparatively good.” The same work says that God views
+error as “undeveloped good.” A. J. Davis (“Nature of Divine Revelation,”
+p. 521) says: “Sin, indeed, in the common acceptation of that term, does
+not really exist.”
+
+A discourse from J. S. Loveland, once a minister, reported in the _Banner
+of Light_, contained this paragraph:—
+
+
+    “With God there is no crime; with man there is. Crime does not
+    displease God, but it does man. God is in the darkest crime, as in
+    the highest possible holiness. He is equally pleased in either
+    case. Both harmonize equally with his attributes—they are only
+    different sides of the same Deity.”
+
+
+In “Automatic Writing” (1896), p. 139, a question was asked concerning
+evil, meaning sin and crimes among men. The spirit answered that these
+were conditions of progress, and were so necessary to elevation that they
+were to be welcomed, not hated. The questions and answers are as follows:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Can you give us any information in regard to the
+    so-called Devil—once so firmly believed in?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—Devil is a word used to conjure with.
+
+
+    “_Q._—Well, then, as the word itself doubtless arose from the word
+    ‘evil,’ which means to us unhappiness, can you give us an
+    explanation of the existence of evil?
+
+
+    “_A._—Evil—as you who are the greatest sufferers from it, name one
+    of the conditions of progress—is as necessary, aye, more so, than
+    what you call good, to your and our elevation to higher spheres.
+    It is not to be hated, but welcomed. It is the winnowing of the
+    grain from the chaff. Children of truth, don’t worry over what to
+    you seems evil; soon you will be of us and will understand, and be
+    rejoiced that what you call evil persists and works as leaven in
+    the great work of mind versus matter.
+
+
+    “_Q._—But it seems to us impossible that brutal crimes like
+    murder, assassinations, or great catastrophes, by which the
+    innocent are made to suffer at the hands of malicious and cruel
+    persons, should work for ultimate good?
+
+
+    “_A._—Percipients of the grand whole of Being can understand but
+    may not state to those on your plane, the underlying good making
+    itself asserted even through such dreadful manifestations of human
+    imperfections as the crimes you name.
+
+
+    “When asked why certain wrongs were allowed to be perpetuated,
+    this answer was given:—
+
+
+    “There is a law of psychical essence which makes necessary all
+    these ephemeral entanglements which to you seem so severe, and you
+    will yet see from your own standpoint of reason why such hardships
+    must be endured by questioning souls on the highway of progress.
+
+
+    “_Q._—But do you from your vantage ground of larger knowledge grow
+    careless that such injustice is done?
+
+
+    “_A._—We do care, but cannot remedy.
+
+
+    “_Q._—Why can’t you remedy?
+
+
+    “_A._—Because humanity is but an embryo of existence.
+
+
+    “_Q._—If you can perceive the trials and sorrows of mortals, and
+    can interfere to save them, why do you not more often do so?
+
+
+    “_A._—When undeveloped souls pay the price of development, we
+    stand aloof, and let the play go on. Interference will do no
+    good.”
+
+
+In view of such a confession, what becomes of the many claims put forth by
+other spirits that they are ever hovering near their friends to assist and
+guard them, to help and inspire them, and keep them from evil and danger?
+These say that those terrible crimes (and this would include all crimes)
+are all necessary, that they are tending to develop souls, and bring them
+to higher spheres, and thus are just as laudable as good actions; so they
+settle back in a gleeful mood, and “let the play go on;” let wicked men
+cultivate and develop and practice their evil propensities, and the
+innocent suffer. Well may men pray to be delivered from such a spirit
+assembly as that.
+
+In “Healing of the Nations,” p. 402, Dr. Hare says:—
+
+
+    “That anything should, even for an instant, be contrary to his
+    will, is inconsistent with his foresight and omnipotency. It would
+    be a miracle that anything counter to his will should exist.”
+
+
+A lecture on the “Philosophy of Reform,” given by A. J. Davis, in New York
+City, bears testimony to the same effect:—
+
+
+    “In the Hebrew and Christian Scriptures, it is affirmed that sin
+    is the transgression of the law. But by an examination of nature,
+    the true and only Bible, it will be seen that this statement is
+    erroneous. It gives a wrong idea of both man and law.... It will
+    be found impossible for man to transgress a law of God.”
+
+
+Thus they very illogically assume that if God has the will or the power to
+prevent evil, it could not exist, and therefore, if there is such a God,
+he is responsible, forgetting that God is long-suffering, and bears long
+with vessels of wrath fitted for destruction, before they pass beyond the
+limits of his mercy and perish. But Mr. Davis says further:—
+
+
+    “Reformers need to understand that war is as natural to one stage
+    of human development as peace is natural to another. My brother
+    has the spirit of revenge. Shall I call him a demon? Is not his
+    spirit natural to his condition? War is not evil or repulsive
+    except to a man of peace. Who made the non-resistant? Polygamy is
+    as natural to one stage of development as oranges are natural to
+    the South. Shall I grow indignant, and because I am a monogamist,
+    condemn my kinsman of yore? Who made him? Who made me? We both
+    came up under the confluence of social and political
+    circumstances; and we both represent our conditions and our
+    teachers. The doctrine of blame and praise is natural only to an
+    unphilosophical condition of mind. The spirit of complaint—of
+    attributing ‘evil’ to this and that plane of society—is natural;
+    but is natural only to undeveloped minds. It is a profanation—a
+    sort of atheism of which I would not be guilty.”
+
+
+The Bible says, “Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that
+put darkness for light and light for darkness.” Isa. 5:20. And it makes
+another declaration which finds abundant confirmation in the sentiments
+quoted above: “Because sentence against an evil work is not executed
+speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to
+do evil.” Eccl. 8:11.
+
+Having thus attempted to destroy in the minds of men all distinction
+between good and evil, all being alike in God’s sight, and all equally
+good, they try to make the way a little broader and easier for men to give
+full rein to all the propensities and inclinations of an evil heart, by
+teaching that there is no Lawgiver and Judge before whom men must appear
+to give an account of their deeds, but that they are responsible to
+themselves alone, and must give account only to their own natures. Thus
+Hon. J. B. Hall, in a lecture reported in the _Banner of Light_, Feb. 6,
+1864, said:—
+
+
+    “I believe that man is amenable to no law not written upon his own
+    nature, no matter by whom given.... By his own nature he must be
+    tried—by his own acts he must stand or fall. True, man must give
+    an account to God for all his deeds; but how?—Solely by giving
+    account to his own nature—to himself.”
+
+
+At a séance reported in the _Banner of Light_, May 28, 1864, the following
+question was proposed, and the answer was by the communicating spirit:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—To whom or to what is the soul accountable?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—To no Deity outside the realm of its own being, certainly;
+    to no God which is a creation of fancy; to no Deity who dwells in
+    a far-off heaven, and sits upon a white throne; to no Jesus of
+    Nazareth; to no patron saint; to no personality; to no principle
+    outside our own individual selves.”
+
+
+The “Healing of the Nations,” p. 74, says:—
+
+
+    “Man is his own saviour, his own redeemer. He is his own judge—in
+    his own scales weighed.”
+
+
+A little over twenty years after the birth of Spiritualism, Aug. 25, 1868,
+the Fifth National Convention of Spiritualists was held in Corinthian
+hall, Rochester, N. Y., at which a formal “Declaration of Principles” was
+set forth. From the seventh and eighth paragraphs, under principle 20, we
+quote the following:—
+
+
+    “_Seventh_, To stimulate the mind to the largest investigation ...
+    that we may be qualified to _judge for ourselves_ what is right
+    and true. _Eighth_, To deliver from _all bondage to authority_,
+    whether vested in _creed_, _book_, or _church_, except that of
+    received truth.”
+
+
+This is the same principle of man’s responsibility to no one but himself,
+authoritatively adopted. What a picture have we now before us! Destroy
+man’s belief in, and reverence for, God and Christ, as they do; lead him
+to ridicule the atonement, the only remedy for sin; make him disbelieve
+the Bible; take away from his mind all distinction between right and
+wrong, and assure him that he is accountable to no one but himself; and
+how better could one prepare the way to turn men into demons. All this the
+spirits, by their teaching, seek to do. And can any one fail to foresee
+the result? Comparatively a small proportion of the inhabitants of this
+country have committed themselves to these views; consequently but little
+of the legitimate fruit as yet appears; but take human nature as it is and
+suppose all the inhabitants of this land to act on these principles, and
+then what would we have?—A pandemonium, a scene of anarchy, riot,
+bloodshed, and all depths of rottenness and corruption—in short, a hell so
+much worse than that to which the Devil is popularly assigned, that he
+would at once change his location and here take up his abode.
+
+That this statement is none too strong, will appear as we look a moment at
+some of the results which have already developed themselves among the
+friends of such views, and as their inevitable fruit. The tendency can by
+no possibility be otherwise than to atheism and all immorality. As has
+been already remarked, the repulsive features were made much more
+prominent in the early stages of Spiritualism than at the present time.
+They are now held in the background. The literature touching these points
+has been remodeled, and an air of respectability and religion assumed.
+Most of the quotations therefore date some years back, and would be
+charitably withheld were there any evidence of reform either present or
+prospective. But where or when have these principles ever been officially
+repudiated, and evidence given that the consequent practices had been
+abandoned? That there are many Spiritualists of upright and moral lives,
+and honorable members of society, in the best sense of that term, we
+gladly believe; but is not this because they are living above their
+principles; and due, not to the influence, but rather to the non-influence
+of real Spiritualism upon their lives? The quotations given are from those
+who have been prominent among Spiritualists as authors and speakers. If
+they overdraw the picture, the responsibility is with them. Dr. B. P.
+Randolph, author of a work “Dealings with the Dead,” was eight years a
+medium, then renounced Spiritualism long enough to expose its character,
+then returned to it again, unable to break entirely away from the spell it
+has fastened upon him. He gives his opinion of it in the following
+scathing words:—
+
+
+    “I enter the arena as the champion of common sense, against what
+    in my soul I believe to be the most tremendous enemy of God,
+    morals, and religion, that ever found foothold on the earth;—the
+    most seductive, hence the most dangerous, form of sensualism that
+    ever cursed a nation, age, or people. I was a medium about eight
+    years, during which time I made three thousand speeches, and
+    traveled over several different countries, proclaiming its new
+    gospel. I now regret that so much excellent breath was wasted, and
+    that my health of mind and body was well nigh ruined. I have only
+    begun to regain both since I totally abandoned it, and to-day had
+    rather see the cholera in my house, than be a spiritual medium.
+
+
+    “As a trance speaker, I became widely known; and now aver that
+    during the entire eight years of my mediumship, I firmly and
+    sacredly confess that I had not the control of my own mind, as I
+    now have, one twentieth of the time; and before man and high
+    heaven I most solemnly declare that I do not now believe that
+    during the whole eight years, I was sane for thirty-six
+    consecutive hours, in consequence of the trance and the
+    susceptibility thereto.
+
+
+    “For seven years I held daily intercourse with what purported to
+    be my mother’s spirit. I am now fully persuaded that it was
+    nothing but an evil spirit, an infernal demon, who, in that guise,
+    gained my soul’s confidence, and led me to the very brink of ruin.
+    We read in Scripture of demoniac possession, as well as abnormal
+    spiritual action. Both facts exist, provable to-day; I am positive
+    the former does. A. J. Davis and his clique of Harmonialists say
+    there are no evil spirits. I emphatically deny the statement. Five
+    of my friends destroyed themselves, and I attempted it, by direct
+    spiritual influences. Every crime in the calendar has been
+    committed by mortal movers of viewless beings. Adultery,
+    fornication, suicides, desertions, unjust divorces, prostitution,
+    abortion, insanity, are not evils, I suppose. I charge all these
+    to this scientific Spiritualism. It has also broken up families,
+    squandered fortunes, tempted and destroyed the weak. It has
+    banished peace from happy families, separated husbands and wives,
+    and shattered the intellect of thousands.”
+
+
+The following is an extract from the writings of J. F. Whitney, editor of
+the New York _Pathfinder_. His view of the subject accords with that of
+Dr. Randolph:—
+
+
+    “Now, after a long and constant watchfulness, seeing for months
+    and for years its progress and its practical workings upon its
+    devotees, its believers, and its mediums, we are compelled to
+    speak our honest conviction, which is, that the manifestations
+    coming through the acknowledged mediums, who are designated as
+    rapping, tipping, writing, and entranced mediums, have a baneful
+    influence upon believers, and create discord and confusion; that
+    the generality of these teachings inculcate false ideas, approve
+    of selfish individual acts, and endorse theories and principles,
+    which, when carried out, debase and make men little better than
+    the brute. These are among the fruits of Modern Spiritualism, and
+    we do not hesitate to say that we believe if these manifestations
+    are continued to be received, and to be as little understood as
+    they are, and have been since they made their appearance at
+    Rochester, and mortals are to be deceived by their false,
+    fascinating, and snakelike charming powers, which go with them,
+    the day will come when the world will require the appearance of
+    another Saviour to redeem the world from its departing from
+    Christ’s warnings.... Seeing, as we have, the gradual progress it
+    makes with its believers, particularly its mediums, from lives of
+    morality to those of sensuality and immorality, gradually and
+    cautiously undermining the foundation of good principles, we look
+    back with amazement to the radical change which a few months will
+    bring about in individuals; for its tendency is to approve and
+    endorse each individual act and character, however good or bad
+    these acts may be....
+
+
+    “We desire to send forth our warning voice, and if our humble
+    position as the head of a public journal, our known advocacy of
+    Spiritualism, our experience, and the conspicuous part we have
+    played among its believers, the honesty and the fearlessness with
+    which we have defended the subject, will weigh anything in our
+    favor, we desire that our opinions may be received, and those who
+    are moving passively down the rushing rapids to destruction should
+    pause, ere it be too late, and save themselves from the blasting
+    influence which those manifestations are causing.”
+
+
+Every one who knows anything about Spiritualism has heard of Cora Hatch,
+who traveled extensively, and manifested her powers as an extemporaneous
+lecturer before astonished multitudes. One of her husbands, Dr. Hatch,
+renounced Spiritualism, and the following is from the testimony he bore
+concerning it:—
+
+
+    “The most damning iniquities are everywhere perpetrated in
+    spiritual circles, a very small percentage of which ever comes to
+    public attention. I care not whether it be spiritual or mundane,
+    the facts exist, and should demand the attention and condemnation
+    of an intelligent community.... The abrogation of marriage,
+    bigamy, accompanied by robbery, theft, rape, are all chargeable
+    upon Spiritualism. I most solemnly affirm that I do not believe
+    that there has, during the last five hundred years, arisen any
+    people who are guilty of so great a variety of crimes and
+    indecencies as the Spiritualists of America.
+
+
+    “For a long time I was swallowed up in its whirlpool of
+    excitement, and comparatively paid but little attention to its
+    evils, believing that much good might result from the opening of
+    the avenues of Spiritual intercourse. But during the past eight
+    months I have devoted my attention to critical investigation of
+    its moral, social, and religious bearing, and I stand appalled
+    before the revelations of its awful and damning realities.”
+
+
+Much testimony of this nature might be given from those who have had
+similar experiences and equally favorable facilities for judging of the
+character of Spiritualism. We present only a few extracts more.
+
+Dr. Wm. B. Potter of New York, in an article under the head of “Astounding
+Facts,” and also in a tract entitled, “Spiritualism as It Is,” gives the
+result of his experience and observations. His testimony is the more
+valuable, since he writes not from the standpoint of one who has renounced
+Spiritualism, whose feelings may for the time be overwrought, and his
+language stronger than would be used in calmer moments. When he wrote, he
+was still an advocate of Spiritualism, and spoke as a friend who would, if
+possible, induce Spiritualists to reform their faith and their manner of
+living. He says:—
+
+
+    “Fifteen years of critical study of Spiritual literature, an
+    extensive acquaintance with the leading Spiritualists, and a
+    patient, systematic, and thorough examination of the
+    manifestations for many years, enable us to speak from actual
+    knowledge, definitely and positively, of ‘Spiritualism as It Is.’
+    Spiritual literature is full of the most insidious and seductive
+    doctrines, calculated to undermine the very foundations of
+    morality and virtue, and lead to the most unbridled
+    licentiousness.
+
+
+    “We are told that ‘we must have charity,’ that it is wrong to
+    blame any one, that we must not expose iniquity, as ‘it will
+    harden the guilty,’ that ‘none should be punished,’ that ‘man is a
+    machine, and not to blame for his conduct,’ that ‘there is no
+    high, no low, no good, no bad,’ that ‘sin is a lesser degree of
+    righteousness,’ that ‘nothing we can do can injure the soul or
+    retard its progress,’ that ‘those who act the worst will progress
+    the fastest,’ that ‘lying is right, slavery is right, murder is
+    right, adultery is right,’ that ‘whatever is, is right.’
+
+
+    “Hardly can you find a Spiritualist book, paper, lecture, or
+    communication that does not contain some of these pernicious
+    doctrines; in disguise, if not openly. Hundreds of families have
+    been broken up, and many affectionate wives deserted by
+    ‘affinity-seeking’ husbands. Many once devoted wives have been
+    seduced, and left their husbands and tender, helpless children, to
+    follow some ‘higher attraction.’ Many well-disposed but
+    simple-minded girls have been deluded by ‘affinity’ notions, and
+    led off by ‘affinity hunters,’ to be deserted in a few months,
+    with blasted reputations, or led to deeds still more dark and
+    criminal, to hide their shame.”
+
+
+The same writer also mentions a fact which shows where the responsibility
+of all this looseness of morals belongs. He says:—
+
+
+    “At the National Spiritual Convention at Chicago, called to
+    consider the question of a national organization, the only plan
+    approved by the committee, especially provided that no charge
+    should ever be entertained against any member, and that any
+    person, without any regard to his or her moral character, might
+    become a member.”
+
+
+The fact that no plan could find approval which did not provide that they
+should never be blamed nor called to account for any of their deeds, shows
+on what points they felt the most anxious, and plainly proves that they
+belong to the class of which Christ spoke, who loved darkness rather than
+light, and who would not come to the light lest their deeds should be
+reproved. John 3:19-21.
+
+It is unpleasant to wade through pools of filth, and we therefore spare
+the reader quotations from those Spiritualists who have not only avowed
+the most revolting practices of free love, but openly advocated the same,
+and endeavored to induce others to come out likewise, on the ground that
+they were only honestly and publicly admitting what the others believed
+and practiced in secret. For the same reason we pass by the notorious
+Woodhull and Claflin, and Hull and Jamieson episodes, in this field,
+which, in the illustration and language of another, “burst upon the
+country like a rotten egg three thousand miles in diameter!”
+
+It may be said that these things are in the past and the situation has now
+greatly changed. For the benefit of those who thus flatter themselves we
+introduce one more quotation. It is from “The Law of Psychic Phenomena,”
+by T. J. Hudson (A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago, 1894). The language is
+candid and conciliatory, and the author cannot be accused of any undue
+prejudice on the question of which he speaks. On page 335, he says:—
+
+
+    “I do not charge Spiritualists as a class with being advocates of
+    the doctrines of free love. On the contrary, I am aware that, as a
+    class, they hold the marriage relation in sacred regard. I cannot
+    forget, however, that but a few years ago some of their leading
+    advocates and mediums proclaimed the doctrine of free love in all
+    its hideous deformity from every platform in the land. Nor do I
+    fail to remember that the better class of Spiritualists everywhere
+    repudiated the doctrine, and denounced its advocates and
+    exemplars. Nevertheless the moral virus took effect here and there
+    all over the country, and it is doing its deadly work in secret in
+    many an otherwise happy home. And _I charge a large and constantly
+    growing class of professional mediums with being the leading
+    propagandists_ of the doctrine of _free love_. They infest every
+    community in the land, and it is well known to all men and women
+    who are dissatisfied or unhappy in their marriage relations, that
+    they can always find sympathy by consulting the average medium,
+    and can, moreover, find justification for illicit love by invoking
+    the spirits of the dead through such mediums.”
+
+
+We have italicized that passage in the foregoing which shows that the
+deadly evil is still working in secret, and that a large and constantly
+growing number of professionals are aiding and abetting the iniquity.
+
+
+
+
+Dangers Of Mediumship.
+
+
+A few testimonies will show that when one gives himself or herself up to
+the control of the spirits, such ones take a most perilous position. The
+spirits insist on their victims becoming passive, ceasing to resist, and
+yielding their whole wills to them. Some of their persuasive words are
+these: “Come in confidence to us;” “Let our teachings deeply impress you;”
+“You must not doubt what we say;” “Learn of us;” “Obey our directions and
+you will be benefited;” “Seek to obtain knowledge of us;” “Have faith in
+us;” “Fear not to obey;” “Obey us and you will be greatly blessed;” etc.,
+etc. Mesmerists operate in the same way. They gain control of their
+subjects in the same way that the spirits mesmerize their mediums, and
+when under their control, the spirits cause them to see whatever they
+bring before them, and hear according to their wills, and do as they bid.
+And the things they suppose they see and hear, and what they are to do,
+are only such things as exist in the mind of the mesmerizing power. The
+subject is completely at the mercy of the invisible agency; and to put
+one’s self there is a most heaven-daring and hazardous act. Mr. Hudson
+(“Law of Psychic Phenomena,” p. 336) says:—
+
+
+    “To the young whose characters are not formed, and to those whose
+    notions of morality are loose, the dangers of mediumship are
+    _appalling_.”
+
+
+To further gain the confidence of mortals, the spirits claim to be the
+ones who answer their prayers. In “Automatic Writing,” p. 142, we have
+this:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Will our friends tell us whether from their point of
+    view, there is any real efficacy in prayer?
+
+
+    “_Ans._ [by spirits].—Shall not ‘a soul’s sincere desire’ arouse
+    in discarnate and free spirits effort to make that sincere desire
+    a reality? What good can come from aspirations on mortal planes,
+    save through the efforts to make those aspirations realized on
+    spiritual planes, by the will of freed spirits?”
+
+
+Mediums are unable to resist the powers of the unseen world when once
+under their control. Professor Brittan (“Telegraphic Answer to Mahan,” p.
+10), concerning mediumship, says:—
+
+
+    “We may further add in this connection that the trance mediums for
+    spirit intercourse are equally irresponsible. Many of them are
+    totally unable to resist the powers which come to them from the
+    invisible and unknown realms.”
+
+
+Dr. Randolph (“Dealings with the Dead,” p. 150) shows the dangers of
+mediumship, as follows:—
+
+
+    “I saw that one great cause of the moral looseness of thousands of
+    sensitive-nerved people on earth, resulted from the infernal
+    possessions and obsessions of their persons by delegations from
+    those realms of darkness and (to all but themselves) unmitigated
+    horror. A sensitive man or woman—no matter how virtuously
+    inclined—may, unless by constant prayer and watchfulness they
+    prevent it and keep the will active and the sphere entire, be led
+    into the most abominable practices and habits.”
+
+
+This same writer, in the same work, pp. 108, 109, says:—
+
+
+    “Those ill-meaning ones who live just beyond the threshold, often
+    obtain their ends by subtly infusing a semi-sense of volitional
+    power into the minds of their intended victims, so that at last
+    they come to believe themselves to be self-acting, when in fact
+    they are the merest shuttlecocks bandied about between the
+    battledores of knavish devils on one side, and devilish knaves
+    upon the other, and between the two the poor fallen wretches are
+    nearly heart-reft and destroyed.”
+
+
+A work by A. J. Davis called “The Diakka, and their Earthly Victims,”
+mentions the nature of these denizens of the spirit world, and their
+wonderful location. The country (to speak after the manner of men) which
+they inhabit, is so large that it would require not less than 1,803,026
+diameters of the earth to span its longitudinal extent. This he had from a
+spirit he calls James Victor Wilson, a profound mathematician! This space
+is occupied by spirits who have passed from earth, who are “morally
+deficient, and affectionally unclean.”—_Page_ 7. The same spirit, Wilson,
+describes the diakka as those “who take insane delight in playing parts,
+in juggling tricks, in personating opposite characters to whom prayers and
+profane utterances are of equi-value; surcharged with a passion for
+lyrical narrations; one whose every attitude is instinct with the schemes
+of specious reasoning, sophistry, pride, pleasure, wit, subtle
+convivialities; a boundless disbeliever, one who thinks that all private
+life will end in the all-consuming self-love of God.”—_Page 13._ On page
+13 he says further of them, that they are “never resting, never satisfied
+with life, often amusing themselves with jugglery and tricky witticisms,
+invariably victimizing others; secretly tormenting mediums, causing them
+to exaggerate in speech, and to falsify in acts; unlocking and unbolting
+the street doors of your bosom and memory; pointing your feet into wrong
+paths, and far more.”
+
+What this “far more” is, we are left to conjecture. The advertisement of
+this book says that it is “an explanation of much that is false and
+repulsive in Spiritualism.” W. F. Jamieson, in a Spiritualist paper,
+called these diakka “a troop of devils,” and quoted Judge Carter as
+saying: “There is one thing clear, that these diakka, or fantastic or
+mixed spirits, are very numerous and abundant, and take any and every
+opportunity of obtruding themselves.”
+
+Hudson Tuttle, author of “Life in Two Spheres” and other Spiritualistic
+works, speaks of “a communication, through a noted medium, to Gerald
+Massey from his ‘dog Pip,’ the said Pip ‘licking the slate and writing
+with a good degree of intelligence.’ ” He adds, “Mr. Davis would say that
+‘Pip’ was a ‘diakka,’ and to-morrow he will communicate as George
+Washington, Theodore Parker, or Balaam’s ass. This diakka is flesh, fish,
+or fowl, as you may desire.”
+
+Some idea of how the spirits sometimes torment the mediums, as hinted at
+above, may be gained from the following instance. In “Astounding Facts
+from the Spirit World,” pp. 253, 254, Dr. Gridley describes the case of a
+medium sixty years of age, living near him in Southampton, Mass. The
+sufferings inflicted upon him “in two months at the hands of evil spirits
+would fill a volume of five hundred pages.” Of these sufferings, the
+following are specimens:—
+
+
+    “They forbade his eating, to the very point of starvation. He was
+    a perfect skeleton; they compelled him to walk day and night, with
+    intermissions, to be sure, as their avowed object was to torment
+    him as much and as long as possible. They swore by everything
+    sacred and profane, that they would knock his brains out, always
+    accompanying their threats with blows on the forehead or temples,
+    like that of a mallet in the hands of a powerful man, with this
+    difference, however; the latter would have made him unconscious,
+    while in full consciousness he now endured the indescribable agony
+    of those heavy and oft-repeated blows; they declared they would
+    skin him alive; that he must go to New York and be dissected by
+    inches, all of which he fully believed. They declared that they
+    would bore holes into his brain, when he instantly felt the action
+    suited to the word, as though a dozen augers were being turned at
+    once into his very skull; this done, they would fill his brain
+    with bugs and worms to eat it out, when their gnawing would
+    instantly commence. These spirits would pinch and pound him,
+    twitch him up and throw him down, yell and blaspheme, and use the
+    most obscene language that mortals can conceive; they would
+    declare that they were Christ in one breath, and devils in the
+    next; they would tie him head to foot for a long time together in
+    a most excruciating posture; declare they would wring his neck off
+    because he doubted or refused obedience.”
+
+
+Who can doubt that such spirits are the angels of the evil one himself?
+Dr. Gridley in the same work, p. 19, gives the experience of another
+medium, for the truthfulness of which he offers the fullest proof:—
+
+
+    “We have seen the medium evidently possessed by Irishmen and
+    Dutchmen of the lowest grade—heard him repeat Joshua’s drunken
+    prayers [Joshua was a strong but brutish man he had known in
+    life], exactly like the original,—imitate his drunkenness in word
+    and deed—try to repeat, or rather act over his most brutal deeds
+    (from which for decency’s sake, he was instantly restrained by
+    extraordinary exertion and severe rebuke)—snap and grate his teeth
+    most furiously, strike and swear, while his eyes flashed like the
+    fires of an orthodox perdition. We have heard him hiss, and seen
+    him writhe his body like the serpent when crawling, and dart out
+    his tongue, and play it exactly like that reptile. These
+    exhibitions were intermingled with the most wrangling and horrible
+    convulsions.”
+
+
+These descriptions, it would seem, ought to be enough to strike terror to
+any heart at the thought of being a medium. But there is yet another phase
+of the subject that should not be passed by. These fallen spirits who are
+engineering the work of Spiritualism, to maintain their “assumed
+characters,” and “play their parts” like the aforesaid diakka, represent
+that disembodied spirits “just over the threshold,” still retain the
+characteristics they bore in life, such as a disposition to sensuality and
+licentiousness, love of rum, tobacco, and other vices, and that they can,
+by causing the medium to plunge excessively into these things, thereby
+still gratify their own propensities to indulge in them. The following
+sketch by Hudson Tuttle, a very popular author among Spiritualists, is
+somewhat lengthy, but the idea could not better be presented than by
+giving it entire. In “Life in Two Spheres,” pp. 35-37, he says:—
+
+
+    “Reader, have you ever entered the respectable saloon? Have you
+    ever watched the stupid stare of the inebriate when the eye grew
+    less and less lustrous, slowly closing, the muscles relaxing, and
+    the victim of appetite sinking over on the floor in beastly
+    drunkenness? Oh, how dense the fumes of mingled tobacco and
+    alcohol! Oh, what misery confined in those walls! If you have
+    witnessed such scenes, then we need describe no further. If you
+    have not, then you had not better hear the tale of woe. Imagine to
+    yourselves a bar-room with all its sots, and their number
+    multiplied indefinitely, while conscience-seared and bloated
+    fiends stand behind the bar, from whence they deal out death and
+    damnation, and the picture is complete. _One has just arrived from
+    earth._ He is yet uninitiated in the mysteries and miseries of
+    those which, like hungry lions, await him. He died while
+    intoxicated—was frozen while lying in the gutter, and consequently
+    is attracted toward this society. He possessed a good intellect,
+    but it was shattered beyond repair by his debauches.
+
+
+    “ ‘Ye ar’ a fresh one, aint ye?’ coarsely queried a sot, just then
+    particularly communicative.
+
+
+    “ ‘Why, yes, I have just died, as they call it, and ’taint so bad
+    a change after all; only I suppose there’ll be dry times here for
+    the want of something stimulant.’
+
+
+    “ ‘Not so dry; lots of that all the time, and jolly times too.’
+
+
+    “ ‘Drink! Can you drink, then?’
+
+
+    “ ‘Yes, we just can, and feel as nice as you please. But all
+    can’t, not unless they find one on earth just like them. You go to
+    earth, and mix with your chums; and when you find one whose
+    thoughts you can read, he’s your man. Form a connection with him,
+    and when he gets to feeling _good_, you’ll feel so too.—There, do
+    you understand me? I always tell all fresh ones the glorious news,
+    for how they would suffer if it wasn’t for this blessed thing.’
+
+
+    “ ‘I’ll try, no mistake.’
+
+
+    “ ‘Here’s a covey,’ spoke an ulcerous-looking being; ‘he’s of our
+    stripe. Tim, did you hear what an infernal scrape I got into last
+    night? No, you didn’t. Well, I went to our friend Fred’s; he
+    didn’t want to drink when I found him; his dimes looked so
+    extremely large. Well, I _destroyed that feeling_, and made him
+    think he was dry. He drank, and drank, more than I wanted him to,
+    until I was so drunk that I could not break my connection with
+    him, or control his mind. He undertook to go home, fell into the
+    snow, and came near freezing to death. I suffered awfully, ten
+    times as much as when I died.’... Reader, we draw the curtain over
+    scenes like these, such as are daily occurring in this society.”
+
+
+In these cases the whole evil of the indulgences of course falls upon the
+mediums; and who would wish to assume personal relation with such a world,
+and be forced to bear in their own bodies the evils of the unhallowed
+indulgences of unseen spirits, against their will?
+
+Other scenes represented as taking place in the spirit land, are most
+grotesque and silly and would be taken as a burlesque upon Spiritualism,
+were they not put forth in all gravity by the friends and advocates of
+that so-called new revelation. Thus Judge Edmunds, giving an account of
+what he had seen in the spirit world, mentions the case of an old woman
+busy churning, who promised him, if he would call again, a drink of
+buttermilk; he speaks of men fighting, of courtezans trying to continue
+their lewd conduct; of a mischievous boy who split a dog’s tail open, and
+put a stick in it, just to witness its misery; of the owner of the dog,
+who, attracted by its cries, discovered the cause, and beat the boy, who
+fled, but was pursued and beaten and kicked far up the road. See Edmund’s
+“Spiritualism,” Vol. II, pp. 135-144, 181, 182, 186, 189. Surely here are
+the diakka playing their pranks in all their glory.
+
+
+
+
+Miscellaneous Teaching.
+
+
+On the leading points of faith as held by Christians generally, quotations
+have been given to show sufficiently what the spirits teach, and the
+object they are trying to effect. But the reader will be interested to
+learn what they teach on some other points which incidentally appear in
+their communications.
+
+Spiritualists object most strenuously to the idea of unconsciousness in
+death, or to the Bible declaration, “The dead know not anything.” But the
+spirits themselves teach this very thing. Thus Judge Edmunds, Vol. II,
+Appendix B, p. 524, quotes the confession of a spirit that he was totally
+unconscious for a time, he could not tell how long, and awoke to
+consciousness gradually; and that the state of unconsciousness differs
+with different persons, depending on circumstances. A. J. Davis admits
+that Professor Webster was eight days and a half unconscious.—_“__Death
+and the After Life,__”__ pp. 18, 19._
+
+Through Mrs. Conant, medium, in _Banner of Light_, June 3, 1865, we have
+this information: “It is said that some spirits require a thousand years
+to awake to consciousness. Is this true?—Yes, this is true.” In “Automatic
+Writing,” p. 93, the spirits teach the same thing to-day. If others deny
+such statements, it only shows that their testimony is contradictory and
+therefore unreliable.
+
+Again, the Bible doctrine that the incorrigibly wicked must cease from
+conscious existence, is denounced by Spiritualists; but on this point the
+spirits confess also:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Do I understand you to say that a diakka is one who
+    believes in ultimate annihilation?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—Only yesterday one said to a lady medium, signing himself
+    ‘Swedenborg,’ this: ‘Whatsoever is, has been, will be, or may be,
+    _that_ I AM, and private life is but the aggregative phantasms of
+    thinking throblets rushing in their rising onward to the central
+    heart of eternal death.’—_“__Diakka__”__ p. 11._
+
+
+    “_Q._—Does every human being continue life on higher planes?
+
+
+    “_A._—Shall not all who are abortions die?”
+
+
+    “_Q._—Do you mean that some born on this plane may spiritually die
+    from lack of force to persist?
+
+
+    “_A._—Yes—both women and men are born into the divine humanity who
+    must necessarily perish, because they have not sufficient soul
+    strength to persist.”—_“__Automatic Writing,__”__ pp. 101, 102._
+
+
+There is, it seems, a purgatory in the spirit world. In answer to a
+question, a spirit replied:—
+
+
+    “There is a sphere in spirit life allotted to those who leave the
+    earthly plane in spiritual ignorance, which is _not pleasing_ to
+    dwell upon, yet which is absolutely necessary to spiritual soul
+    growth.”—_Id., p. 90._
+
+
+Spiritualism is claimed to settle the question of immortality; but the
+spirits confess themselves ignorant of it:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—On your plane do you arrive at certainty in regard to
+    immortality?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—We here are as _ignorant as you are_ as to the ultimate of
+    existence. Immortality is still an _undetermined issue_. One life
+    at a time seems as pertinent with us as with you.”—_Id., p. 103._
+
+
+The spirits’ heaven, it seems, is not so desirable a place that it
+prevents their being homesick.
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Why are you homesick?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—Have not found out the real reason; things are so
+    different from former ideas.”—_Id., p. 111._
+
+
+Spirits are not allowed to tell too much about their condition, as the
+following question and answer show:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Can’t you tell us what makes it pleasanter,—describe so
+    we can understand?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—You’ll find out as I did—_’gainst the rules here to
+    tell_.... Just be patient—it’s all easy enough when you learn how.
+    I was puzzled, but it all seems straight enough now.”—_Id., p.
+    115._
+
+
+They teach the pre-existence of souls, and the old pagan doctrines of the
+reincarnation of souls, and the final absorption of all into Nirvana. A
+spirit having answered that all had been asserted in some other form,
+questions and answers followed from which we quote:—
+
+
+    “_Q._—Is that statement an intimation of the truth of
+    reincarnation?
+
+
+    “_A._—Souls of all who have preceded you are centered in you in
+    spite of your childish protests. Ask not of those predecessors;
+    for they yet live in you, and you in them.... Long ago you and I
+    went over the ground under eminent names.... Were not we together
+    when Socrates and Aspasia talked?”—_Id., pp. 151, 152._
+
+
+    “_Q._—Can you tell us, at least, whether spirit, as a whole or in
+    its individual atoms, exists eternally?
+
+
+    “_A._—Yes; spirit as a whole is eternal—exists—did exist—by force
+    of Powers you cannot understand. But you as individual,
+    self-conscious, atomistic particles of spirit wholeness, are not
+    eternal, and must return to the Primal Source.”—_Id., p. 133._
+
+
+
+
+Spirits Cannot Be Identified.
+
+
+Having now sufficiently examined the teaching of the spirits, a final
+question arises in regard to them, whether it is possible to identify
+them, and determine with any absolute certainty whether they are the
+spirits of the particular individuals they claim to be, or even spirits of
+the dead at all, or not. It should be distinctly borne in mind, always,
+that evil angels, whose existence has been proved from the Bible, whose
+nature and delight is to deceive, can walk the earth unseen, imitate and
+personate any individual, and reveal their characteristics of thought,
+writing, acts, form, and features, and make so perfect a counterfeit as to
+defy detection. How, then, can it be told what spirit it is, even though
+it shows the face and features of some well-known friend? On this topic,
+as on preceding questions, Spiritualists themselves may produce the
+evidence. President Mahan (“Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen,” p. 13)
+remarks:—
+
+
+    “Certain experiments have been made, in order to determine whether
+    spirits are present. Individuals go in as inquirers, and get
+    definite answers—in the first place, from _departed spirits_ of
+    persons _yet living_; in the second place, from departed spirits
+    of persons who _never existed_ here or anywhere else; in the third
+    place, from the departed spirits of brute beasts.”
+
+
+When it is considered, as already noted, that spirits do their work
+through mesmeric power, it is easy to understand how the medium is made to
+believe that such and such a spirit is communicating when it is not so at
+all. This question of identity came up in the very early stages of
+Spiritualism, and is no nearer settled, on their own confession, now than
+then. A Mr. Hobart, in 1856, who claimed to be the first Spiritualist in
+Michigan, made the following admission:—
+
+
+    “The spirit sometimes _assumes_ the name of an individual
+    belonging to the same church, to induce them to hear. This is
+    necessary with some who are so bigoted they would not believe
+    unless a name was assumed which they respected.”
+
+
+An article in the _Spiritual Telegraph_, of July 11, 1857, begins as
+follows:—
+
+
+    “The question is continually being asked, especially by novitiates
+    in spiritual investigations, How shall we know that the spirits
+    who communicate with us are really the ones whom they purport to
+    be?... In giving the results of our own experience and observation
+    upon this subject, we would premise that spirits unquestionably
+    can, and often do, personate other spirits, and that, too, often
+    with such perfection as, for the time being, to defy every effort
+    to detect the deception.... If direct tests are demanded at all,
+    we would recommend that they be asked for the purpose of proving
+    that the manifesting influence is that of _a spirit_, rather than
+    to prove what _particular_ spirit is the agent of its production.”
+
+
+This is an entire begging of the whole matter in question; for it is not
+denied that it is _a_ spirit; we want to know what _particular_ spirit it
+is; but for that we must not ask; for it cannot be ascertained. The same
+article states that other and lower spirits often crowd in and take the
+place of the spirit communicating, without the knowledge of the medium. We
+might also quote “Spiritualism as It Is,” p. 14, that “not one per cent.
+of the manifestations have had a higher origin than the first and second
+spheres, which are filled with low, ignorant, deceptive, mischievous,
+selfish, egotistical spirits;” and “Dealings with the Dead,” p. 225, that
+“the fact is, good spirits do not appear one tenth as often as imagined.”
+
+Jan. 7, 1888, the following appeared in the _Banner of Light_:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—What is the cause of our receiving inconsistent and
+    untruthful communications? Does the blame, if any there is, rest
+    with us or the controlling intelligence?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—There are spirits who delight in imposing upon mortals;
+    they realize their power outside of material things, and that
+    those who seek knowledge from them _cannot see nor get hold of
+    them_; therefore to an extent they exercise a certain power over
+    those mortals who approach; and if the mortals are themselves
+    tricky by nature, insincere, ready to take advantage of others,
+    whether it be at the time of sitting or in their daily life, rest
+    assured they may be imposed upon by spirits from the other side
+    who occupy a like plane of existence with themselves.”
+
+
+Mediums themselves will not trust the spirits, according to statements
+made as late as 1896. Mrs. S. A. Underwood, medium, in “Automatic
+Writing,” p. 55, says:—
+
+
+    “With all my experience in it, I would not to-day venture upon any
+    change, business venture, friendship, or line of conduct, advised
+    from this source, unless my own common material sense endorsed it.
+    Indeed, I would not take as fact any of its even reasonable advice
+    without question, because it is not reliable as a guide in earthly
+    affairs.”
+
+
+Spirit communication, then, certainly does not amount to much as a
+heavenly instructor, a celestial guide to enlighten the ignorance of men.
+Whatever we know ourselves, we may rely upon; all else is uncertain.
+Again, on p. 56, she says:—
+
+
+    “Then the assumption of great names by apparently common-place
+    minds is a very strange thing. I was horrified and annoyed when
+    this occurred under my own hand, because that is one of the things
+    which disgusted me with spiritual messages before this writing
+    came to me, as I had occasionally glanced over such messages. When
+    I protested against such assumption, I was told that ‘Elaine and
+    Guinevere’ were not real beings, but types. So somewhere in our
+    sphere are spirits who embody cleverness in creations of their own
+    fancy, and adopt names suited to that fancy.”
+
+
+Thus the spirits themselves confess that the names they often assume are
+not those of real beings, but typical and fanciful. Nothing more, it would
+seem, is necessary to complete the condemnation of Spiritualism, so far as
+its own nature is concerned. When in addition to all else, it appears that
+the spirits cannot be identified; that the whole underlying claim that the
+spirits are the spirits of the dead, must itself be assumed; and that,
+too, in the face of the numberless known falsehoods and deceptions that
+are constantly issuing from the unseen realm,—there is nothing left for it
+to stand upon.
+
+
+
+
+
+                               Chapter Six.
+
+
+ITS PROMISES: HOW FULFILLED.
+
+
+It is fair to call Spiritualism to account as to the fulfilment of the
+promises involved in its challenge to the world when it stepped upon the
+stage of action. No movement ever opened with more magnificent promises.
+It posed before the world as an angel of heavenly light. It claimed to be
+the second coming of Christ. It claimed to have been sent to regenerate
+mankind, and renovate the world. We give herewith a few of its
+spirit-inspired pretensions. Its “Declaration of Principles,” Article 20,
+says:—
+
+
+    “The hearty and intelligent convictions of these truths [the
+    teachings of spirits] tend to energize the soul in all that is
+    good and elevating, and to restrain from all that is evil and
+    impure, ... to quicken all philanthropic impulses, stimulating to
+    enlightened and unselfish labors for universal good.”
+
+
+In behalf of the cause of woman it says:—
+
+
+    “Spiritualism has done more for the advancement of true womanhood
+    than the Church or any of its accessories.”—_Dr. Watson, in Banner
+    of Light, April 16, 1887._
+
+
+Miss A. L. Lull, in the _Religio-Philosophical Journal_ of Jan. 23, 1886,
+said:—
+
+
+    “Spiritualism is the saviour of humanity, because it is reaching
+    out toward the criminal, and in its effort to lift humanity to a
+    higher plane, it is laying the foundation for future
+    generations.... Spiritualism comes to cleanse out the dregs and
+    wretchedness of humanity.”
+
+
+Mrs. Cora L. V. Richmond, in a mediumistic discourse reported in the
+_Banner of Light_, April 3, 1886, said:—
+
+
+    “The Great Reformer of the world is Spiritualism.... When modern
+    Spiritualism made its appearance, it said in so many words, I come
+    to reform the world.... Spiritualism came to put the ax at the
+    root of the tree of human evil, it came to decide upon the most
+    important and vital thing connected with existence; _i. e._, Is
+    man only an evanescent, material, earthly being, or is he
+    immortal?... Spiritualism came to reform death, to resolve it into
+    life; came to reform fear, to resolve it into trust and knowledge;
+    came to reform the darkness which rests upon humanity concerning
+    the nature of man’s existence.”
+
+
+In the same paper, April 6, 1887, was given the following prediction of
+the future of Spiritualism:—
+
+
+    “Modern Spiritualism will grow, and deepen, and broaden, and
+    strengthen, until all false creeds and dogmas shall be swept from
+    the earth—when faith shall be buried in knowledge, when war shall
+    be known no more, when universal brotherhood shall prevail to
+    bless mankind.”
+
+
+In “Nineteenth Century Miracles,” p. 79, M. Jaubert speaks as follows:—
+
+
+    “Affirm to your people that man never dies, that his immortality
+    is proved, not by books but by material and tangible facts, of
+    which every one can convince himself; that anon our houses of
+    correction, and our prisons, will disappear; suicide will be
+    erased from our mortuary tables; and nobly borne, the calamities
+    of earth shall no longer produce madness.”
+
+
+Mrs. R. S. Lillie, in a speech at the Thirty-eighth Anniversary services
+in Horticultural Hall, Boston, Mass., and reported in the _Banner of
+Light_, of April, 1886, said:—
+
+
+    “Christianity never had a Pentecost to be compared with modern
+    Spiritualism. The latter is as far in advance of the former, as
+    the electric light is in advance of the tallow dip of the past;
+    for it is nineteen centuries ahead of it.”
+
+
+These are most astounding claims; and if there is any truth in them,
+Spiritualism ought to have shown itself as a great uplifting moral power,
+provided it has been able to get any foothold among the people. We
+therefore inquire what its success has been. On this point Professor Keck,
+at the Thirty-ninth Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, at Bridgeport,
+Conn. (_Banner of Light_, April 9, 1887), said:—
+
+
+    “It [Spiritualism] has made converts of more scientific men and
+    profound thinkers than any other sect in the world. In thirty-nine
+    years it has grown to ten or fifteen millions of believers, with
+    thousands of mediums, a literature printed in every known
+    language, and converts in every quarter of the globe.”
+
+
+With all these facilities and all this success, it surely has been able to
+make good its claims, and fulfil its promises, if its nature is such as it
+assumes, and its promises are good for anything; and its course should be
+marked by a great decrease of crime, by the promotion of virtue and a
+general improvement in the moral tone of society, wherever it has gone.
+For nearly fifty years it has now been operating in the world; and with
+all its glowing professions of what it was able to do, and its millions of
+converts, “energized to all that is good and elevating,” its impress for
+good should everywhere be seen.
+
+But what are the facts?—Just the reverse of what has been promised. Free
+love, which is free lust, has followed in its wake; homes have been
+ruined, families scattered, characters blighted; while insanity and
+suicide have been the fate, or the last resort, of too many of its
+victims. And outside of its own ranks, in the world at large, the fifty
+years since the advent of Spiritualism have been years of increase of
+crime and every evil in a fast growing ratio. Liquor drinking, tobacco
+using, gambling, prostitution, defalcations, robberies, bribery, municipal
+corruption, divorces, thefts, insanity, suicide, and murder, have
+increased in far more rapid ratio than the population itself.
+
+The reader will remember the testimony of Dr. Randolph, p. 105, that five
+of his friends destroyed themselves, and he attempted it for himself, by
+direct spirit influences. The Philadelphia _Record_, of Feb. 17, 1894,
+speaks of the suicide of May Brooklyn in San Francisco, Cal.:—
+
+
+    “The letters and papers left by the dead woman show plainly that
+    in her grief over the death of Lovecraft she had dabbled in
+    Spiritualism, and had finally reached the conclusion that her only
+    chance of happiness lay in joining her lover in the other world.”
+
+
+A few figures, as samples, will be given just to emphasize the general
+statements. The following is from the Chicago _Tribune_ of Jan. 1, 1893:—
+
+
+    “The number of persons who have committed suicide in the United
+    States during the year (1892), as gathered from telegraph and mail
+    report to the _Tribune_, is 3860, as compared with 3331 last year
+    (1891), 2640 in 1890, and 2224 in 1889. The total is much larger
+    than that of any of the eleven preceding years.”
+
+
+The _Christian Reformer_ gives the following figures of murders, suicides,
+and embezzlements from 1891-1893:—
+
+
+    “Murders in 1893, 6615; increase over 1891 of 709.
+
+
+    “Suicides in 1893, 4436; increase over 1892, 576; 1891, 1105.
+
+
+    “Funds embezzled in 1893, $19,929,692; increase of 100 per cent.
+    over 1892.”
+
+
+It may be asked, What has this to do with Spiritualism?—It is a test of
+the value of its promises. Spiritualism has been posing for fifty years as
+the “world’s reformer,” the great energizing, uplifting force to elevate
+mankind, the mighty power which has come to empty our workhouses and
+prisons, abolish suicides and all crime, the “electric light” compared
+with the “tallow dip” of the gospel. And yet with all these claims, with
+its millions of adherents, and the funds and influence at its command, it
+is allowing, year by year, crime to increase much faster than the
+population. Now if Spiritualism was the purifying, renovating power which
+it claims to be, such results could not have been seen. It is very
+evident, that, as a power in the world in behalf of righteousness and
+humanity, it has been of no account; and as between the forces of good and
+evil, its weight has been on the side of evil instead of good. It is thus
+that the author of Spiritualism, the father of deception, fulfils the
+promises made through that channel to deceive mankind. What organized,
+aggressive efforts against evil has Spiritualism ever shown? Where are its
+schools and colleges? Where are its hospitals and benevolent institutions?
+Where are its organized charities? and what are its millions of members
+doing to relieve suffering and distress, and turn men to better ways of
+living? The very aspect it presents to the world to-day, stamps the brand
+of Cain upon its brow. The Boston _Herald_ of Dec. 17, 1874, said:—
+
+
+    “Let Spiritualism produce some idea, utter some word, or perform
+    some deed, which will have novelty, and yet be of manifest value
+    to the human race, and it will make good its claims to our serious
+    consideration. But it has not done this. For nearly thirty years
+    it has been before the world in its present shape, and in all that
+    time, with all its asserted command of earthly and
+    superterrestrial knowledge, it has never done an act, or breathed
+    a syllable, or supplied an idea which had any value as a
+    contribution to the welfare of the race, or to its stock of
+    knowledge. Its messages from learned men who are dead, have been
+    the silliest bosh; its stories about life upon the planets are
+    wretched guesses, many of which can be proved false by the
+    astronomer; its visions have frightened scores of people into
+    madhouses, and made semi-lunatics of hundreds of others.”
+
+
+If this charge was good as late as 1874, it is equally so at the present
+time. And thus are we forced to the conclusion that Spiritualism, judged
+by the light of its fair promises, is one of the most lamentable of
+delusions, and most stupendous of failures.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Seven.
+
+
+SPIRITUALISM A SUBJECT OF PROPHECY.
+
+
+We come now to one of the most timely and important features of this whole
+subject; for God in his word has foretold and forewarned the world of the
+movement here passing under review. He has made known the time when it
+should appear, the character it would bear, and the work it is to do. He
+has also connected this with the great event of all-overshadowing
+importance to this world, of which it is a startling sign and sure
+precursor; namely, the second coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. We ask the
+special attention of the reader to this part of the subject.
+
+A word of digression may be allowed as to the place which prophecy holds
+in the word of God. Prophecy is that feature of the sacred volume which
+constitutes it a lamp to our feet and a light to our path. Ps. 119:105; 2
+Peter 1:19. It is that which enables that word to be a guide to the hosts
+of Israel through the weary journey and the gloomy shades of time, giving
+to every era its “present truth,” and showing the progress of the
+slow-revolving ages toward the great consummation. It is the golden
+credential which the Bible holds up to the world of its genuineness and
+authenticity.
+
+Prophecy is peculiar to the Christian Scriptures. No other so-called
+sacred books contain this feature. It is not found in the Vedas, Shasters,
+or Puranas of the Hindus, nor the Zend Avestas of the Parsees, nor the
+Kojiki Nohonki, of the Shintos of Japan, nor the law books of Manu, nor
+the Koran of the Mohammedans, nor the Kan-Ying-Peen or Tao-Te-King of the
+Chinese, nor the Tripitakas of the Buddhists. The reason is obvious.
+Neither the minds of men nor of angels, either good or bad, can read the
+future. Divine omniscience alone can see the end from the beginning and
+foretell the great events that shall mark the history of the world, and
+affect the interests of the church. It is this that stamps the Bible as
+divine, and lifts it immeasurably above all other books. It is indeed
+passing strange that all cannot see this. Instead of being a book that
+grows obsolete and out of date with the passing years, like the
+productions of men, it is the only book ever seen upon the earth which is
+ever abreast of the times in every age, and lifts the veil of the future
+before him who honestly and reverently seeks its pages for a knowledge of
+the truth. Those who ignore or despise the prophecies, rob the Bible of
+one of the brightest stars in its crown of glory.
+
+To be entitled to claim credit as divine, any book or system should be
+able to show that it can correctly foretell the future. The spirits see
+this, and, knowing that they cannot do it, discountenance and discourage
+all such efforts. Here is a little of their teaching on the subject:—
+
+
+    “_Ques._—Why are so many predictions made through mediums, which
+    prove false?
+
+
+    “_Ans._—Wonderful _guesses_ are sometimes made by daring spirits.
+
+
+    “_Q._—Can you tell us anything of the future?
+
+
+    “_A._—Pharos says you must not ask questions of the future—spirits
+    who _prophesy_ are _not good_ spirits.
+
+
+    “_Q._—Do you mean that it is not best for us to know the future?
+
+
+    “_A._—Souls on your plane are undergoing discipline, and it would
+    cost more than it is worth to foretell the future of your
+    state.”—_“__Automatic Writing,__”__ pp. 141, 142._
+
+
+Spiritualists rail at God for prohibiting from Adam and Eve, in the
+garden, the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, to keep them in
+ignorance. What will they say to these spirits who coolly answer that “it
+would cost more than it is worth” to give them any knowledge of future
+events? This, perhaps, they will consider all right because it isn’t God
+who says it.
+
+1. Let us then see what God has said of the time and work and significance
+of Spiritualism. Over seven hundred years before Christ, the prophet
+Isaiah wrote of our time, as follows: “And when they shall say unto you,
+Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep and
+that mutter, should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to
+the dead? To the law and to the testimony; if they speak not according to
+this word, it is because there is no light in them.”
+
+Here is certainly a prophecy that a time would come when just such a work
+as Spiritualism is now doing would be a distinguishing feature of the age.
+The present must be the time referred to, because it has never been so in
+any past age; and the present meets the specifications in every
+particular. It shows that the only safety for any one now is to seek unto
+his God, and make the law and the testimony, the word of God, the great
+standard by which to try all spirits. 1 John 4:1. And another great event
+is directly connected with this, that is, the second coming of Christ; for
+according to verses 16-18, the disciples are then looking for him.
+
+2. Matt. 24:24: “For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets,
+and shall show great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were
+possible, they shall deceive the very elect.”
+
+A deception of no ordinary power is here brought to view. It really
+results in the division of Christendom; for all but the elect are carried
+away by it. In its own claims, Spiritualism fulfils the “Christs” and
+“prophets” part of the declaration, claiming of course to be true, while
+the Bible says it is “false.” The signs and wonders are beginning to be
+seen in the many “inexplicable” phenomena attending Spiritualism. But many
+more startling exhibitions, as will be presently shown, are yet to appear.
+We charge upon Spiritualism, so far, the fulfilment of this prophecy. But
+mark! this occurs when the Son of man is about to appear “as the lightning
+cometh out of the east, and shineth even unto the west” (verse 27); and it
+is one of the prominent signs of that event. See the prophecy from verse
+23 to verse 35. Mark and Luke also dwell upon the same prediction, as
+gathered from the lips of our Lord himself.
+
+3. Heb. 10:28, 29: “He that despised Moses’ law died without mercy under
+two or three witnesses. Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he
+be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath
+counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy
+thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?”
+
+It is the bold stand which Spiritualism has taken against Christ and the
+atonement, that makes this scripture applicable to that work. The apostle
+is speaking of the times when the great “day is approaching” (verse 25);
+when it is but a little while, and he that shall come, will come and will
+not tarry (verse 37), and the introduction of verse 29, in such a
+connection, becomes a prophecy that such an outbreak against Christ and
+his atoning work would be seen when he is about to come again. And the
+fulfilment we are now beholding in Spiritualism.
+
+4. Rev. 12:12: “Woe to the inhabiters of the earth and of the sea! for the
+devil is come down unto you, having great wrath, because he knoweth that
+he hath but a short time.”
+
+This scripture locates itself. It is when Satan knows that he has but a
+little time to work, and hence it must be in the last days. At this time
+he descends upon the world in an avalanche of wrath. “Wrath” is a
+misleading term. The words θυμόν μέγαν signify the strongest and most
+intense emotion of the mind. If the object is to accomplish some
+particular end, they would indicate the most intense, concentrated,
+energetic, and persistent efforts to that purpose, using every means, and
+bringing to bear every influence to reach the result in question. Satan,
+as we have seen, has an object in deceiving the human family, as far as
+possible, to their destruction, by signs and wonders. In this work,
+according to the prophecy before us, he will go to the extent of his
+power, and show his most potent signs. Bringing the supposed forms and
+features of the dead before living witnesses, is his most successful
+method at the present time. But as this work is, as yet, done largely in
+the dark, it gives more room for jugglery and imposition. The time will
+come, however, when, in open light, counterfeit materializations of the
+dead will swarm on earth, and deceive, if it were possible, the very
+elect—_i.e._, all who cannot meet the deception with the potent weapon—“It
+is written, The dead know not anything, neither have they any more a
+portion forever [in the present state of things] in anything that is done
+under the sun.”
+
+5. Rev. 13:13, 14: “And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire
+come down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men, and deceiveth them
+that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles which he had power
+to do.”
+
+This prophecy relates to some earthly government represented by a symbol
+with two horns like a lamb. Verse 11. It is part of a prophecy beginning
+with chapter twelve, and ending with verse 5 of chapter fourteen. It is
+not the place here to introduce an exposition of this prophecy. It is only
+necessary to state that the position taken is that the lamblike symbol
+represents our own government, the United States of America.(4) And the
+great wonders that he does, apply to the marvelous manifestations of
+Spiritualism. It is a significant fact that Spiritualism arose in this
+country, thus fitting itself exactly to the prophecy. The climax of the
+wonders brought to view in the text, making “fire come down from heaven on
+the earth in the sight of men,” has not yet been reached. More is
+therefore to be developed. Yea, this wonder-working power is to go forward
+till that which, in the time of Elijah, was the test between the false god
+Baal and the Lord Jehovah, is brought to pass, and fire is made to come
+down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men. And the sad feature of
+this case will be that the multitudes, not perceiving the change of issue,
+will take the act down here to be a test of truth, as it was in the days
+of Elijah.
+
+Taken in connection with other portions of the book of Revelation, this
+prophecy reveals clearly what the agency that works the miracles is. The
+dragon, representing paganism (Rev. 12:3, 4); the beast, representing the
+papacy (Rev. 13:1-10); and the lamblike symbol, representing
+Protestantism, or more specifically, Protestant America (Rev. 13:11-17),
+constitute the symbols of this prophecy. For convenience, let us designate
+them as _A_, _B_, and _C_; respectively. _C_ works his miracles in sight
+of _B_; _B_ and _C_ are again brought to view in Rev. 19:20, and there _C_
+is called “the false prophet.” We know the false prophet here is the same
+as _C_, because he works miracles before _B_, the same as _C_ does in
+chapter 13:14. All together, _A_, _B_, and _C_ are brought to view in Rev.
+16:13, and unclean spirits like frogs are said to come out of their
+mouths; and then verse 14 tells what they are: “For they are spirits of
+devils, working miracles.” This, then, not the spirits of dead men, is the
+agency that works the miracles of chapter 13:13, 14. We follow the subject
+so far, at this point, merely to identify the agency that works the
+miracles, and shall have more to say upon it. But before passing, we would
+remind the reader that here also the subject is connected with the second
+coming of Christ; for the prophecy of Revelation 13 ends with the
+redemption of the church which immediately follows. Rev. 14:1-5.
+
+6. 2 Thess. 2:9-12: “Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan,
+with all power and signs and lying wonders, and with all deceivableness of
+unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of
+the truth, that they might be saved. And for this cause God shall send
+them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: that they all might
+be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in
+unrighteousness.”
+
+Here, again, we have the great fact brought out with still more startling
+emphasis, that there is to be a great outbreaking of Satanic power among
+men, just before and up to, the coming of Christ. And if we already see
+the preliminary and even far-advanced working of this power in
+Spiritualism, the world should stand aghast at the perils of the times in
+which we live. The coming of Christ is brought to view in verse 8, and
+verse 9 states that at that time Satan will be working with all power. The
+common version is calculated to obscure this passage. The words “even him”
+(verse 9) are wrongly and unnecessarily supplied. Literally rendered, the
+last clause of verse 8, and the first of verse 9 would read as follows:
+“Whom the Lord ... shall destroy with the brightness of his [Christ’s]
+coming; of whom [Christ] the coming is, after [or at the time of] the
+working of Satan,” etc. The word “after” is from, the Greek κατα (_kata_),
+which when referring to time, as in this case, does not mean “after or
+according to,” but “within the range of, during, in the course of, at,
+about,” as in 2 Tim. 4:1, where it is rendered “at.”
+
+So here is a plain declaration that at the very time when Christ comes
+Satan will be working in the hight of his power, by signs and lying
+wonders (wonders to prove a lie) to keep the people under falsehood and
+deception. Verses 10-12 tell who his victims are, and why they become
+such: they are those who preferred the pleasures of sin to the practice of
+righteousness, and so would not receive the truth, nor the love of it. In
+all such cases God’s throne is clear. He always, as in this case, sets
+truth first before the people, gives them a chance, and calls upon them to
+embrace it, and be saved. But when men, as free moral agents, whom God
+will not force into his kingdom, refuse to receive the truth, shut their
+eyes, close their ears, and steel their hearts against it, and find their
+pleasure in unrighteousness, in going in just the opposite direction;—what
+can God do for them? We leave the skeptic himself to answer. For more
+years than Spiritualism, in its present phase, has been before the world,
+several religious bodies have made a specialty of the great Bible truth
+concerning the state of the dead, and life only in Christ, which
+effectually shields all those who receive it against the rapping delusion.
+
+7. Rev. 18:2: “And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon
+the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils,
+and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful
+bird.”
+
+Among the many predictions given in the word of God touching the last
+days, is one which foretokens a wide-spread and lamentable declension in
+the religious world. The phrase which embodies it, is the one just quoted,
+“Babylon is fallen.” The term “Babylon” is not intended nor used as a term
+of reproach, but rather as a descriptive word setting forth the very
+undesirable condition of “mixture” and “confusion” in the religious world.
+It is certainly not the Lord’s will, who prayed that all his people should
+be one, that scores or hundreds of divisions and sects should exist within
+his church. That is owing, exclaims the Catholic, to the Protestant rule
+of private judgment. It is not. It is owing to that Pandora’s box of
+mystical interpretation placed in the church by old Origen, that prince of
+mischief-makers. By this method, which has no method and no standard, the
+interpretations of God’s word will ever be as various and numerous as the
+whims and fancies that may find a place in the minds of men.
+
+But all this confusion must be remedied in that church which will be ready
+for the second advent; for no people will be prepared for translation but
+such as worship the Lord in both _spirit_ and _truth_. To bring the church
+to this point, a call has been sent to Christendom in the special truths
+for this time. Most turn away, but some are taking the stand to which
+these circumstances summon them. The process is simple. It is but to read
+and obey God’s word in the light of what is called the literal rule of
+interpretation. No other rule would ever have been thought of, if the
+Devil had let the minds of men alone. By this rule the true Sabbath would
+always have been maintained a perfect safeguard against idolatry in the
+earth; the law would have held its place as a perfect, immutable, and
+eternal rule of conduct, a safeguard against the antinomianism of all ages
+and the Spiritualism of to-day; the view that the dead remain unconscious
+in the grave till the resurrection, would always have been held, and then
+there could have been no purgatory, no masses for the dead, no Mariolatry,
+no saint worship—in short, no Roman Catholicism, and no Universalism, nor
+Spiritualism; the true nature of the coming and kingdom of Christ would
+not have been lost sight of, and the peace and safety fable of a temporal
+millennium never could have existed.
+
+To say nothing of other errors that would be corrected, suppose all
+Christendom stood together on these four simple truths, how much division
+could there have been in the Christian world? A second denomination could
+not have existed. And what would have been the condition of things?—As
+different from the present condition as one can well imagine—no paganism,
+no Roman Catholicism, no Protestantism, no multiplied sects, no
+Spiritualism,—but Christianity, broad, united, free, and glorious. Some
+are taking their stand on these truths, and so will be shielded from the
+delusions of these last days, for which the way, by ages of superstition
+and error, has been so artfully prepared. Every one must stand upon them
+who is governed by the literal rule of interpretation; for they are read
+in so many words out of the sacred volume itself. But the churches
+generally reject them, often with bitterness, scorn, and contempt, and
+some even with persecution. And this is why Babylon has fallen.
+
+That organization, called in Rev. 17:5: “Mystery, Babylon the Great, the
+Mother of Harlots and Abominations of the Earth,” has been very generally
+applied by Protestants to the Roman Catholic Church; but if that church is
+the mother, who are the daughters? This question has been asked for many
+years. Alexander Campbell said:—
+
+
+    “The worshiping establishments now in operation throughout
+    Christendom, incased and cemented by their voluminous confessions
+    of faith, and their ecclesiastical constitutions, are not churches
+    of Jesus Christ, but the legitimate daughters of that mother of
+    harlots—the Church of Rome.”
+
+
+Lorenzo Dow said:—
+
+
+    “We read not only of Babylon, but of the whore of Babylon, styled
+    the mother of harlots, which is supposed to mean the Romish
+    church. If she be a mother, who are her daughters? It must be the
+    corrupt national established churches that came out of her.”
+
+
+The great sin charged against Babylon, is unlawful connection with the
+kings of the earth. The church should be entirely free from the state. But
+now the churches of America, which have for long years borne so noble a
+part, are clamoring for a union with the state, calling for a recognition
+of God’s name in the Constitution, and God’s law in the courts, and that
+the government be run on Christian lines. Old, antiquated laws which they
+find upon the statute books of various States, they are beginning to use
+to persecute those who differ in belief with them; and they seek for the
+enactment of more stringent Sunday laws for the same purpose. And when
+they shall succeed in getting full control of the state, they will have
+severed the last link that has held them to their high estate, show
+themselves true members of the Babylonian family, and sink in spirit and
+practice to the level of the elder Rome.
+
+Rev. 14:8 was fulfilled in 1844.(5) Since then the churches have been
+going down in spirituality and godliness, catering more and more to the
+world, indulging in carnal amusements, festivals, wife auctions, and
+kissing bees, to the very border line of decency, but especially filling
+up with the influences mentioned in Rev. 18:2, till the leaven of
+Spiritualism is fast penetrating the whole mass. Yet there are a multitude
+of God’s people connected with these churches, who deplore the situation,
+and for whom a crisis is approaching. The cry is again to be raised,
+“Babylon is fallen, come out of her my people.” We verily believe the time
+has come when that call should be made and heeded; for a little further
+progress in the evil path upon which we have entered, will surely provoke
+the just judgments of heaven. Verses 4, 5.
+
+8. 2 Tim. 3:8: “Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these
+also resist the truth: men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the
+faith.”
+
+The first five verses of this chapter portray a dark list of eighteen sins
+which will characterize professed Christians in the last days; for those
+who bear the characters described, have a _form of godliness_, but deny
+the power thereof. The three following verses plainly describe certain
+members of the spiritualistic fraternity; and they are said to be of the
+same sort. This prophecy therefore becomes parallel to that which has just
+been examined. The fall of Babylon prepares the popular churches for
+Spiritualism. Here the practice of these sins in the churches, makes them
+of the same sort with Spiritualists, so that they fraternize well
+together. Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses by the wonders they were able
+to perform; so these will resist the truth through the wonders of
+Spiritualism. And this is in the last days where we now are. So Babylon’s
+fall just precedes the coming of Christ.
+
+9. Rev. 16:14: “For they are the spirits of devils, working miracles,
+which go forth unto the kings of the earth and of the whole world, to
+gather them to the battle of that great day of God Almighty.”
+
+The work of the spirits reaches its climax in the scene here brought to
+view. Their last mission is to go to the kings of the earth to gather them
+to the battle of that great day of God Almighty. In this conflict, so far
+as this earth is concerned, the great controversy between Christ and Satan
+closes in the triumph of Him who rides forth on a white horse at the head
+of the white-horsed armies of heaven. The beast and false prophet are
+hurled into a lake of fire, and the remnant, the kings of the earth and
+their armies, are slain by the sword of him upon whose vesture is
+inscribed the all-conquering title, “King of kings and Lord of lords.”
+Rev. 19:11-21.
+
+But before these spirits can thus influence the kings of the earth, they
+must make their way to them and bring them under their control. They have
+already shown great facility in this work, giving promise of what they
+will be able to do in the near future. A work by Hudson Tuttle, “What Is
+Spiritualism?” p. 6, names the following among the late and living crowned
+heads, nobility, etc., who have been supporters of Spiritualism:—
+
+
+    “Emperor Alexander, of Russia; Louis Napoleon, of France; Queen
+    Victoria, of England; Prince and Princess Metternich; Prince
+    Wittgenstein, Lieutenant Aide-de-camp to the emperor of Russia;
+    Hon. Alexander Axahof, Russian Imperial Councilor, St. Petersburg,
+    Russia; Baron Guldenstuble, of Paris; Baron Von Schick, of
+    Austria; Baron Von Dirkinck, of Holmfield, Holstein; Le Comte de
+    Bullet, of Paris; Duke of Leuchtenberg, of Germany. Of England
+    there are Lord Lyndhurst, Lord Lindsay, Lord Adare, Lord Dunraven,
+    Sir W. Trevilyan, Countess Carthness, Sir T. Willshire, Lady
+    Cowper, Sir Charles Napier, Sir Charles Isham, Bart., Colonel E.
+    B. Wilbraham, of the English army,” etc.
+
+
+The late Alexander III, of Russia, and the queen of Spain are also
+reckoned among the number. Thus, so far as the agency of the spirits is
+concerned, there is nothing in the way of the speedy fulfilment of Rev.
+16:14.
+
+
+
+
+
+CONCLUSION.
+
+
+The reader now has before him, in brief, the main outlines of this
+momentous subject.
+
+1. Spiritualism, so far as its phenomena are concerned, is not humbug and
+trickery, but a real manifestation of power and intelligence.
+
+2. But the marvels and wonders are not performed by the spirits of the
+dead.
+
+3. Evil spirits step in and counterfeit what are supposed to be the
+spirits of the dead, in which men have been taught to believe, simulating
+points of identity to any minute particular that may be required.
+
+4. Besides starting on this false assumption, all their teaching shows
+that they are agents of evil, not of good, and their work is to degrade,
+not elevate.
+
+5. The world by long resistance of the truth, has prepared the way for
+this deception, which the spirit that worketh in the children of
+disobedience is not slow to improve.
+
+6. Even the churches of Christ, by rejection of the truth, are preparing
+themselves for the same snare.
+
+7. The Scriptures have plainly pointed out this great outbreak of the
+working of Satan, and invariably connected it with the last days and the
+second coming of Christ.
+
+8. Spiritualism is thus a subject of prophecy, and an infallible sign and
+precursor of the soon-coming end.
+
+9. The great day of the Lord is near and hasteth greatly; and all things
+now call upon all men to prepare for its eternal decisions.
+
+Is this the lesson? Who will heed it and thus escape the delusions and
+perils of these last days, and be finally saved in the kingdom of heaven?
+
+
+
+
+
+INDEX OF AUTHORS REFERRED TO.
+
+
+Alexander, Emperor, 146
+
+Axahof, Hon. Alexander, 146
+
+Adare, Lord, 146
+
+Alexander III., 146
+
+Bellachini, Mr., 14
+
+Barrett, Dr. W. F., 15
+
+Bright, John, 30
+
+Buddha, 86, 87, 88
+
+Brittan, Professor, 111
+
+Brooklyn, May, 128
+
+Channing, Dr., 4
+
+Cook, Joseph, 12
+
+Crookes, Professor, 17
+
+Crookes, Wm., F. R. S., 29
+
+Clarke, Dr. Adam, 50, 56, 91, 92
+
+Carey, Alice, 78
+
+Confucius, 86, 88
+
+Conant, Mrs., 90, 119
+
+Curry, Dr., 56, 92
+
+Claflin, Mr., 109
+
+Carter, Judge, 113
+
+Campbell, Alexander, 143
+
+Carthness, Countess, 146
+
+Cowper, Lady, 146
+
+Dixon, Hepworth, 28
+
+Davis, A. J., 29, 97, 100, 105, 112, 114, 118
+
+Davenport, Messrs., 29
+
+Dow, Lorenzo, 143
+
+Dunraven, Lord, 146
+
+De Bullet, Le Compte, 146
+
+Eglinton, Mr., 13
+
+Edmunds, Judge, 28, 117, 118
+
+Fox, John D., 18
+
+Fox, Mrs., 18, 19, 20, 21
+
+Fox, Margaret, 18, 20, 22
+
+Fox, Kate, 18, 19, 20
+
+Fox, David, 18
+
+Fox, Mary, 21
+
+Fox, Catharine, 22
+
+Franklin, Benjamin, 85
+
+Geary, Mr., 13
+
+Glanvil, Mr., 20
+
+Gridley, Dr., 114, 115
+
+Guldenstuble, Baron, 146
+
+Hazard, Thos. R., 11
+
+Harrison, W. H., F. R. S., 29
+
+Home, Mr., 29
+
+Hendricks, Mrs., 31
+
+Hatch, Mrs. C. L. V., 83, 106
+
+Hare, Dr., 84, 85, 89, 92, 99
+
+Harris, “Rev.” T. L., 94
+
+Hall, Hon. J. B., 101
+
+Hatch, Dr., 106
+
+Hudson, T. J., 17, 57, 74, 109, 111
+
+Hull, Moses, 109
+
+Hobart, Mr., 122
+
+Isham, Sir Charles, 146
+
+Jamieson, W. F., 109, 113
+
+Jaubert, M., 126
+
+Keller, Harvy, 13
+
+Krishna, 87
+
+Keck, Professor, 127
+
+Lillie, J. T., 21
+
+Loveland, J. S., 97
+
+Lull, Miss A. L., 125
+
+Lillie, Mrs. R. S., 127
+
+Leuchtenberg, Duke, 146
+
+Lyndhurst, Lord, 146
+
+Lindsay, Lord, 146
+
+Mompesson, Mr., 20
+
+Milton, John, 40
+
+Mohammed, 87, 88
+
+Massey, Gerald, 114
+
+Mahan, Pres., 121
+
+Metternich, Prince, 146
+
+Metternich, Princess, 146
+
+Norton, Deacon John, 89
+
+Napoleon, Louis, 146
+
+Napier, Sir Charles, 146
+
+Owen, Robert Dale, 18, 19
+
+Olshausen, Dr., 56
+
+Orton, Mr., 84
+
+Origen, 141
+
+Putnam, Allen, 75
+
+Paine, Thomas, 85, 87
+
+Potter, Dr. William B., 107
+
+Parker, Theodore, 114
+
+Queen of Spain, 146
+
+Redfield, Mrs., 21
+
+Randolph, Dr. B. P., 104, 105, 112, 128
+
+Richmond, Mrs. Cora L. V., 126
+
+Slade, Mr., 14
+
+Savage, M. J., 15, 22, 24, 25, 32
+
+Stead, W. T., 31
+
+Stanford, Leland, 31
+
+Tiffany, Joel, 90
+
+Tuttle, Hudson, 113, 116, 146
+
+Trevilyan, Sir W., 146
+
+Underhill, Leah Fox, 21
+
+Underwood, Mrs. S. A., 26, 80, 123
+
+Vinet, Dr., 5
+
+Victoria, Queen, 146
+
+Von Schick, Baron, 146
+
+Von Dirkinck, Baron, 146
+
+Wesley, Mr., 20
+
+Wood, Rev. J. G., 26
+
+Wallace, Alfred R. F. R. S., 29, 30
+
+Weisse, Dr., 84
+
+Washington, George, 85, 114
+
+Wilson, R. P., 88
+
+Whitney, J. F., 105
+
+Woodhull, Mrs., 109
+
+Wilson, James Victor, 112, 113
+
+Webster, Professor, 118
+
+Watson, Dr., 125
+
+Wittgenstein, Prince, 146
+
+Willshire, Sir T., 146
+
+Wilbraham, Col. E. B., 146
+
+Zöllner, Professor, 12, 13
+
+Zoroaster, 68, 88
+
+
+
+
+
+INDEX OF BOOKS, PAPERS, ETC., QUOTED.
+
+
+Automatic or Spirit Writing, 15, 26, 80, 86, 98, 111, 119, 120, 121, 123,
+124, 133
+
+_Arena_, The, 15
+
+Astounding Facts from the Spirit World, 114
+
+_Banner of Light_, 21, 78, 79, 83, 84, 86, 89, 90, 97, 101, 119, 123, 125,
+126, 127
+
+_Christian at Work_, The, 29, 30
+
+_Chronicle_, San Francisco 29
+
+Century Dictionary, 35
+
+_Christian Reformer_, The, 129
+
+Declaration of Principles of the Spiritualists, 102, 125
+
+Dealings with the Dead, 104, 112, 123
+
+Death and the After Life, 118
+
+Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen, 121
+
+_Forum_, The, 16, 22
+
+Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World, 18
+
+_Fortnightly Review_, 29, 30
+
+Home Circle, 14
+
+Healing of the Nations, 96, 97, 99, 102
+
+_Herald_, Boston, 130
+
+Kojiki Nohonki, 132
+
+Koran, 132
+
+Kan-Ying-Peen, 132
+
+Law of Physic Phenomena, 17, 57, 74, 109, 111
+
+Life in Two Spheres, 113, 116
+
+Law Books of Manu, 132
+
+Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, and Miracles, 75
+
+_North American_, Philadelphia, 11
+
+Nineteenth Century Miracles, 13, 126
+
+Nature of Divine Revelation, 97
+
+Paradise Lost, 40
+
+_Pathfinder_, New York, 105
+
+Purana, 132
+
+_Quarterly Journal of Science_, 29
+
+_Religio-Philosophical Journal_, 14, 28, 80, 125
+
+Report of the 37th Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, 21
+
+_Review of Reviews_, 31
+
+_Record_, Philadelphia, 128
+
+_Spiritual Clarion_, 14
+
+_Spiritual Telegraph_, 83, 96, 122
+
+Spiritual Science Demonstrated, 89, 92
+
+Spiritualism as It Is, 107, 108, 123
+
+Spiritualism 118
+
+Shaster, 132
+
+_The Border Land_, 31
+
+Treatise on Christian Doctrine, 40
+
+_Truth Seeker_, 83
+
+Telegraphic Answer to Mahan, 111
+
+The Diakka and their Earthly Victims, 112, 113
+
+_Tribune_, Chicago, 128, 129
+
+Tao-Te-King, 132
+
+Tripitaka, 132
+
+Veda, 132
+
+_World_, New York, 30
+
+What Is Spiritualism, 146
+
+Zend Avesta, 132
+
+
+
+
+
+INDEX OF TEXTS OF SCRIPTURE ILLUSTRATED OR EXPLAINED.
+
+
+GENESIS.
+  1:1-5, 93
+  1:28, 68
+  2:2, 46
+  2:7, 45
+  3:4, 39
+  4:10, 52
+  7:21, 22, 45
+  35:18, 61
+
+LEVITICUS.
+  19:31, 36, 53
+
+NUMBERS.
+  16:22, 48, 50
+  27:16, 50
+
+DEUTERONOMY.
+  13:1-3, 5, 77
+  18:9-12, 36
+
+1 SAMUEL.
+  Chap. 28, 52, 53
+
+1 KINGS.
+  4:1, 73
+  17:21, 22, 61
+
+2 KINGS.
+  19:35, 72
+  21:2, 6, 9, 11, 36
+
+JOB.
+  7:21, 62
+  14:21, 63
+  19:25-27, 93
+  34: 14, 15, 45
+
+PSALMS.
+  6:5, 63
+  13:3, 62
+  17:15, 93
+  115:17, 63
+  119:105, 131
+  146:3, 4, 62
+
+ECCLESIASTES.
+  3:19, 21, 45
+  8:11, 101
+  9:5, 6, 10, 43
+  12:7, 44, 45
+
+ISAIAH.
+  5:20, 101
+  8:19, 74
+  8:19, 20, 75, 133
+  14:12-14, 67
+  26:19, 93
+  38:1, 5, 18, 19, 63
+  61:1, 50
+
+EZEKIEL.
+  18:20, 97
+  28:, 67
+  28:2, 12-15, 68
+  37:12, 93
+
+DANIEL.
+  11:2, 93
+
+HOSEA.
+  13:14, 93
+
+HABAKKUK.
+  2:11, 52
+
+MATTHEW.
+  10:28, 50, 51, 52
+  10:39, 51
+  15:13, 9
+  17:3, 56
+  22:23-28, 32, 61
+  24:23-35, 135
+  24:24, 83, 134
+  24:30, 31, 58
+  25:32, 33, 97
+  27:18, 85
+  28:3, 4, 72
+
+LUKE.
+  10:18, 71
+  14:14, 64
+  16:, 57
+  19:35, 64
+  23:39-43, 58, 59
+
+JOHN.
+  3:6, 46
+  3:19-21, 109
+  6:39,40, 64
+  6:40, 51
+  8:44, 67
+  11:11, 62
+  11:25, 55
+  14:30, 68
+  19:31-33, 60
+  20:17, 59
+
+ACTS.
+  7:60, 62
+  16:16-18, 36
+  17:31, 64
+  26:23, 57
+
+ROMANS.
+  2:15, 95
+  4:17, 61
+  6:16, 68
+  6:23, 97
+
+1 CORINTHIANS.
+  11:30, 62
+  15:, 92
+  15:18, 64
+  15:51, 62
+  15:51-54, 61
+
+2 CORINTHIANS.
+  4:4, 68
+  5:2, 61
+  12:2-4, 59
+
+GALATIANS.
+  5:19-21, 36
+
+EPHESIANS.
+  2:2, 68
+  6:11, 72
+  6:12, 73
+
+PHILIPPIANS.
+  3:11, 61
+  1:23, 61
+
+1 THESSALONIANS.
+  4:14, 62
+  4:15-17, 58, 61
+  5:23, 48
+
+2 THESSALONIANS.
+  2:8,9, 139
+  2:9-12, 138
+
+1 TIMOTHY.
+  1:17, 42
+  3:6, 67
+  4:1, 73, 88
+  6:16 42
+
+2 TIMOTHY.
+  3:8, 144
+  4:1, 8, 64
+  4:1, 10-12, 139
+
+HEBREWS.
+  2:14, 55
+  10:25-29, 135
+  11:15, 16, 61
+  11:40, 48
+  12:9, 23, 50
+  12:23, 47, 50
+
+JAMES.
+  4:6-8, 72
+
+1 PETER.
+  1:11, 49
+  3:19, 48
+  3:20, 49
+  5:8, 9, 73
+
+2 PETER.
+  1:16-18, 56
+  1:19, 131
+  2:4, 66, 72
+  3:7, 13, 72
+
+1 JOHN.
+  2:22, 87
+  2:23, 83
+  4:1, 16-18, 134
+  4:3, 88
+  5:18, 72
+
+JUDE.
+  Verse 4, 88
+  " 6, 66
+  " 9, 55
+
+REVELATION.
+  2:7, 59
+  5:13, 72
+  6:9-11, 52
+  12:3, 4, 137
+  12:7, 71
+  12:12, 135
+  13:1-10, 137
+  13:11, 13, 14, 136
+  13:11-17, 138
+  14:1-5, 138
+  14:8, 144
+  16:13, 14, 75, 138
+  16:14, 145, 146
+  17:5, 142
+  18:2, 140
+  18:2, 4, 5, 144
+  19:11-21, 145
+  19:20, 138
+  20:4-6, 51
+  20:14, 15, 72
+  21:8, 36, 93
+  22:1, 2, 59
+  22:15, 93
+
+
+
+
+
+
+FOOTNOTES
+
+
+    1 Original edition.
+
+    2 Original edition. Not found in the mutilated edition, revised by Dr.
+      Curry.
+
+    3 The revision of Dr. Clarke’s Commentary by Dr. Curry, proves the
+      truthfulness of what the doctor here says, for this important
+      passage is entirely eliminated, and its place filled with statements
+      which Dr. Clarke did not make, and sentiments which he did not
+      believe. It is no less than a crime to treat a dead man’s work in
+      this manner.
+
+    4 For a full argument on this point, fortified by testimony, the
+      application of which is beyond question, see works treating on the
+      United States as a subject of prophecy, for sale by the
+      International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.
+
+    5 See works on the three messages of Revelation 14, for sale by the
+      International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.
+
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MODERN SPIRITUALISM***
+
+
+
+CREDITS
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+November 7, 2008
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+            Project Gutenberg TEI edition 1
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+\ No newline at end of file
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Modern Spiritualism by Uriah Smith
+
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no
+restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under
+the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or
+online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license
+
+
+
+Title: Modern Spiritualism
+
+Author: Uriah Smith
+
+Release Date: November 7, 2008 [Ebook #27197]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO 8859-1
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MODERN SPIRITUALISM***
+
+
+
+
+
+                           MODERN SPIRITUALISM
+
+                          A SUBJECT OF PROPHECY
+
+                                  AND A
+
+                            SIGN OF THE TIMES.
+
+                              BY URIAH SMITH
+
+                   THE REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING CO.
+
+                                  1896.
+
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+Preface.
+Chapter One. Opening Thought.
+   A Manifestation of Power.
+   A Manifestation of Intelligence.
+   The Progress of Spiritualism.
+Chapter Two. What is the Agency in Question?
+   Credentials of the Bible.
+   An Impossibility.
+   The Soul Not Immortal.
+Chapter Three. The Dead Unconscious.
+Chapter Four. They Are Evil Angels.
+   Warnings Against Evil Spirits.
+Chapter Five. What The Spirits Teach.
+   They Deny All Distinction Between Right And Wrong.
+   Dangers Of Mediumship.
+   Miscellaneous Teaching.
+   Spirits Cannot Be Identified.
+Chapter Six. Its Promises: How Fulfilled.
+Chapter Seven. Spiritualism A Subject Of Prophecy.
+Conclusion.
+Index Of Authors Referred To.
+Index Of Books, Papers, Etc., Quoted.
+Index Of Texts Of Scripture Illustrated Or Explained.
+Footnotes
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+For nearly fifty years Spiritualism has been before the world. This surely
+is time enough to enable it to show its character by its fruits. "By their
+fruits ye shall know them," is a rule that admits of no exceptions. If
+evil fruits appear, the tree is corrupt.
+
+Spiritualism has made unbounded promises of good. It has claimed to be the
+long-promised second coming of Christ; the opening of a new era among
+mankind; the rosy portal of a golden age, when all men should be reformed,
+evil disappear, and the renovation of society cause the hearts of men to
+leap for joy, and the earth to blossom as the rose.
+
+Has it fulfilled all, or any, of these promises? If not, is it not a
+deception? and if a deception, considering its wide-spread influence, and
+the number of its adherents, is it not one of the most gigantic and
+appalling deceptions that has ever fallen upon Christendom? The Bible in
+the plainest terms, declares that in the last days malign influences will
+be let loose upon the world; false pretensions will be urged upon the
+minds of men; and deceptions, backed up by preternatural signs and
+wonders, will develop to such a degree of strength, that, if it were
+possible, they would deceive the very elect. Is it possible that
+Spiritualism may be the very development of evil, against which this
+warning is directed?
+
+To investigate these questions, and to show by unimpeachable testimony,
+what Spiritualism is, and the place it holds among the psychological
+movements of the present day, is the object of these pages. Not a few
+books have been written against Spiritualism; but most of them endeavor to
+account for it on the ground of human jugglery and imposture, or on
+natural principles, the discovery of a new and heretofore occult force in
+nature, etc., from which great things may be expected in the future. But
+rarely has any one discussed it from the standpoint of prophecy, and the
+testimony of the Scriptures, the only point of view, as we believe, from
+which its true origin, nature, and tendency, can be ascertained.
+
+Many features in the work of Spiritualism would seem to indicate that the
+source from which it springs is far from good; but it is based upon a
+church dogma, firmly established through all Christendom, which in many
+minds is of sufficient weight to overbalance considerations that would
+otherwise be considered ample grounds for shunning or renouncing it. It is
+therefore the more necessary that the reader, in examining this question,
+should let the bonds that have heretofore bound him to preconceived
+opinions, sit loose upon him, and that he should put himself in the mood
+of Dr. Channing when he said: "I must choose to receive the truth, no
+matter how it bears upon myself, and must follow it no matter where it
+leads, from what party it severs me, or to what party it allies." And he
+should remember also, as the eminent and pious Dr. Vinet once sagaciously
+observed, that "even now, after eighteen centuries of Christianity, we are
+very probably involved in some enormous error, of which Christianity will,
+in some future time, make us ashamed."
+
+In view, therefore, of the importance of this question, and the tremendous
+issues that hang on the decisions we may make in these perilous times, we
+feel justified even in _adjuring_ the reader to canvass this subject with
+an inflexible determination to learn the truth, and then to follow it
+wherever it may lead.
+
+U. S.
+_Battle Creek, Mich., 1897._
+
+
+
+
+
+                               Chapter One.
+
+
+OPENING THOUGHT.
+
+
+What think ye? Whence is it--from heaven or of men? Such was the nature of
+the question addressed by our Saviour to the men of his time, concerning
+the baptism of John. It is the crucial question by which to test every
+system that comes to us in the garb of religion: Is it from heaven or of
+men? And if a true answer to the question can be found, it must determine
+our attitude toward it; for if it is from heaven, it challenges at once
+our acceptance and profound regard, but if it is of men, sooner or later,
+in this world or in the world to come, it will be destroyed with all its
+followers; for our Saviour has declared that every plant which our
+heavenly Father has not planted shall be rooted up. Matt. 15:13.
+
+To those who do not believe in any "heavenly Father," nor in "Christ the
+Saviour," nor in any "revealed word of God," we would say that these
+points will be assumed in this work rather than directly argued, though
+many incidental proofs will appear, to which we trust our friends will be
+pleased to give some consideration. But we address ourselves particularly
+to those who still have faith in God the Father of all; in his divine Son,
+our Lord Jesus Christ, through whose blood we have redemption; in the
+Bible as the inspired revelation of God's will; and in the Holy Spirit as
+the enlightener of the mind, and the sanctifier of the soul. To all those
+to whom this position is common ground, the Bible will be the standard of
+authority, and the court of last appeal, in the study upon which we now
+enter.
+
+
+
+
+A Manifestation of Power.
+
+
+Spiritualism cannot be disposed of with a sneer. A toss of the head and a
+cry of "humbug," will not suffice to meet its claims and the testimony of
+careful, conservative men who have studied thoroughly into the genuineness
+of its manifestations, and have sought for the secret of its power, and
+have become satisfied as to the one, and been wholly baffled as to the
+other. That there have been abundant instances of attempted fraud,
+deception, jugglery, and imposition, is not to be denied. But this does
+not by any means set aside the fact that there have been manifestations of
+more than human power, the evidence for which has never been impeached.
+The detection of a few sham mediums, who are trying to impose upon the
+credulity of the public, for money, may satisfy the careless and
+unthinking, that the whole affair is a humbug. Such will dismiss the
+matter from their minds, and depart, easier subjects to be captured by the
+movement when some manifestation appears for which they can find no
+explanation. But the more thoughtful and careful observers well know that
+the exposure of these mountebanks does not account for the numberless
+manifestations of power, and the steady current of phenomena, utterly
+inexplicable on any human hypothesis, which have attended the movement
+from the beginning.
+
+The Philadelphia _North American_, of July 31, 1885, published a
+communication from Thomas R. Hazard, in which he says:--
+
+
+    "But Spiritualism, whatever may be thought of it, must be
+    recognized as a fact. It is one of the characteristic intellectual
+    or emotional phenomena of the times, and as such, it is deserving
+    of a more serious examination than it has yet received. There are
+    those who say it is all humbug, and that everything outside of the
+    ordinary course which takes place at the so-called s�ances, is the
+    direct result of fraudulent and deliberative imposture; in short,
+    that every Spiritualist must be either a fool or a knave. The
+    serious objection to this hypothesis is that the explanation is
+    almost as difficult of belief as the occurrences which it
+    explains. There must certainly be some Spiritualists who are both
+    honest and intelligent; and if the manifestations at the s�ances
+    were altogether and invariably fraudulent, surely the whole thing
+    must have collapsed long before this; and the Seybert Commission,
+    which finds it necessary to extend its investigations over an
+    indefinite period, which will certainly not be less than a year,
+    would have been able to sweep the delusion away in short order."
+
+
+The phenomena are so well known, that it is unnecessary to recount them
+here. Among them may be mentioned such achievements as these: Various
+articles have been transported from place to place, without human hands,
+but by the agency of so-called spirits only; beautiful music has been
+produced independently of human agency, with and without the aid of
+visible instruments; many well-attested cases of healing have been
+presented; persons have been carried through the air by the spirits in the
+presence of many witnesses; tables have been suspended in the air with
+several persons upon them; purported spirits have presented themselves in
+bodily form and talked with an audible voice; and all this not once or
+twice merely, but times without number, as may be gathered from the
+records of Spiritualism, all through its history.
+
+A few particular instances, as samples, it may be allowable to notice: Not
+many years since, Joseph Cook made his memorable tour around the world. In
+Europe he met the famous German philosopher, Professor Z�llner. Mr.
+Z�llner had been carefully investigating the phenomena of Spiritualism,
+and assured Mr. Cook of the following occurrences as facts, under his own
+observation: Knots had been found tied in the middle of cords, by some
+invisible agency, while both ends were made securely fast, so that they
+could not be tampered with; messages were written between doubly and
+trebly sealed slates; coin had passed through a table in a manner to
+illustrate the suspension of the laws of impenetrability of matter; straps
+of leather were knotted under his own hand; the impression of two feet was
+given on sooted paper pasted inside of two sealed slates; whole and
+uninjured wooden rings were placed around the standard of a card table,
+over either end of which they could by no possibility be slipped; and
+finally the table itself, a heavy beechen structure, wholly disappeared,
+and then fell from the top of the room where Professor Z�llner and his
+friends were sitting.
+
+In further confirmation of the fact that real spiritualistic
+manifestations are no sleight-of-hand performances, we cite the case of
+Harry Kellar, a professional performer, as given in "Nineteenth Century
+Miracles," p. 213. The s�ance was held with the medium, Eglinton, in
+Calcutta, India, Jan. 25, 1882. He says:--
+
+
+    "It is needless to say that I went as a skeptic; but I must own
+    that I have come away utterly unable to explain by any natural
+    means the phenomena that I witnessed on Tuesday evening."
+
+
+He then describes the particulars of the s�ance. An intelligence,
+purporting to be the spirit of one Geary, gave a communication. Mr. Kellar
+did not recognize the name nor recall the man. The message was repeated,
+with the added circumstances of the time and particulars of a previous
+meeting, when Mr. Kellar recalled the events, and, much to his surprise,
+the whole matter came clearly to his recollection. He then adds:--
+
+
+    "I still remain a skeptic as regards Spiritualism, but I repeat my
+    inability to explain or account for what must have been an
+    intelligent force which produced the writing on the slate, which,
+    if my senses are to be relied on, was in no way the result of
+    trickery or sleight-of-hand."
+
+
+Another instance from "Home Circle," p. 25, is that of Mr. Bellachini,
+also a professional conjuror, of Berlin, Germany. His interview was with
+the celebrated medium, Mr. Slade. From his testimony we quote the
+following:--
+
+
+    "I have not, in the smallest degree, found anything to be produced
+    by prestidigitative manifestations or mechanical apparatus; and
+    any explanation of the experiments which took place under the
+    circumstances and conditions then obtaining, by any reference to
+    prestidigitation, is _absolutely impossible_. I declare, moreover,
+    the published opinions of laymen as to the 'How' of this subject,
+    to be premature, and according to my views and experience, false
+    and one-sided."--_Dated, Berlin, Dec. 6, 1877._
+
+
+When professional conjurors bear such testimony as this, while it does not
+prove Spiritualism to be what it claims to be, it does disprove the humbug
+theory.
+
+In addition to this, it appears that two propositions, one of $2000, and
+the other of $5000, have been offered to the one who claimed to be able to
+duplicate all the manifestations of Spiritualism, to duplicate two
+well-authenticated tests; but the challenge has never been accepted, nor
+the reward claimed. See _Religio-Philosophical Journal_, of Jan. 15, 1881,
+and January, 1883.
+
+A writer in the _Spiritual Clarion_, in an article on "The Millennium of
+Spiritualism," bears the following testimony in regard to the power and
+strength of the movement:--
+
+
+    "This revelation has been with a power, a might, that if divested
+    of its almost universal benevolence, had been a terror to the very
+    soul; the hair of the very bravest had stood on end, and his
+    chilled blood had crept back upon his heart, at the sights and
+    sounds of its inexplicable phenomena. It comes with foretokening
+    and warning. It has been, from the very first, its own best
+    prophet, and step by step, it has foretold the progress it would
+    make. It comes, too, most triumphant. No faith before it ever took
+    such a victorious stand in its very infancy. It has swept like a
+    hurricane of fire through the land, compelling faith from the
+    baffled scoffer, and the most determined doubter."
+
+
+Dr. W. F. Barrett, Professor of Experimental Physics in the Royal College
+of Dublin, says:--
+
+
+    "It is well known to those who have made the phenomena of
+    Spiritualism the subject of prolonged and careful inquiry, in the
+    spirit of exact and unimpassioned scientific research, that
+    beneath a repellent mass of imposture and delusion there remain
+    certain inexplicable and startling facts which science can neither
+    explain away nor deny."--_"__Automatic, or Spirit, Writing,__"__ p.
+    11 (1896)._
+
+
+In the _Arena_ of November, 1892, p. 688, Mr. M. J. Savage, the noted
+Unitarian minister of Boston, says:--
+
+
+    "Next comes what are ordinarily classed together as 'mediumistic
+    phenomena.' The most important of these are psychometry, 'vision'
+    of 'spirit' forms, claimed communications by means of rappings,
+    table movements, automatic writing, independent writing, trance
+    speaking, etc. With them also ought to be noted what are generally
+    called physical phenomena, though in most cases, since they are
+    intelligibly directed, the use of the word 'physical,' without
+    this qualification, might be misleading. These physical phenomena
+    include such facts as the movement of material objects by other
+    than the ordinary muscular force, the making objects heavier or
+    lighter when tested by the scales, the playing on musical
+    instruments by some invisible power, etc.... Now all of these
+    referred to (with the exception of independent writing, and
+    materialization) I know to be genuine. I do not at all mean by
+    this that I know that the 'spiritualistic' interpretation of them
+    is the true one. I mean only that they are genuine phenomena; that
+    they have occurred; that they are not tricks or the result of
+    fraud."
+
+
+In the _Forum_ of December, 1889, p. 455, the same writer describes his
+experience at the house of a friend with whom he had been acquainted eight
+or ten years. When about to depart, he thought he would try an experiment.
+He says:--
+
+
+    "She and I stood at opposite ends of the table at which we had
+    been sitting. Both of us having placed the tips of our fingers
+    lightly on the top of the table, I spoke, as if addressing some
+    unseen force connected with the table, and said: 'Now I must go;
+    will you not accompany me to the door?' The door was ten or
+    fifteen feet distant, and was closed. The table started. It had no
+    casters, and in order to make it move as it did, we should have
+    had to go behind and push it. As a matter of fact we led it, while
+    it accompanied us all the way, and struck against the door with
+    considerable force."
+
+
+From the same article, p. 456, we quote again:--
+
+
+    "I add one more experiment of my own. I sat one day in a heavy,
+    stuffed armchair. The psychic sat beside me, and laying his hand
+    on the back of the chair, gradually raised it. Immediately I felt
+    and saw myself, chair and all, lifted into the air at least one
+    foot from the floor. There was no uneven motion implying any sense
+    of effort on the part of the lifting force; and I was gently
+    lowered again to the carpet. This was in broad light, in a hotel
+    parlor, and in presence of a keen-eyed lawyer friend. I could
+    plainly watch the whole thing. No man living could have lifted me
+    in such a position, and besides, I saw that the psychic made not
+    the slightest apparent effort. Nor was there any machinery or
+    preparation of any kind. My companion, the lawyer, on going away,
+    speaking in reference to the whole sitting, said: 'I've seen
+    enough evidence to hang every man in the State--enough to prove
+    _anything excepting this_.'
+
+
+    "Professor Crookes, of London, relates having seen and heard an
+    accordion played on while it was enclosed in a wire net-work, and
+    not touched by any visible hand. I have seen an approach to the
+    same thing. In daylight I have seen a man hold an accordion in the
+    air, not more than three feet away from me. He held it by one
+    hand, grasping the side opposite to that on which the keys were
+    fixed. In this position, it, or something, played long tunes, the
+    side containing the keys being pushed in and drawn out without any
+    contact that I could see. I then said, 'Will it not play for me?'
+    The reply was, 'I don't know: you can try it.' I then took the
+    accordion in my hands. There was no music; but what did occur was
+    quite as inexplicable to me, and quite as convincing as a display
+    of some kind of power. I know not how to express it, except by
+    saying that the accordion was seized as if by some one trying to
+    take it away from me. To test this power, I grasped the instrument
+    with both hands. The struggle was as real as though my antagonist
+    was another man. I succeeded in keeping it, but only by the most
+    strenuous efforts.
+
+
+    "On another occasion I was sitting with a 'medium.' I was too far
+    away for him to reach me, even had he tried, which he did not do;
+    for he sat perfectly quiet. My knees were not under the table, but
+    were where I could see them plainly. Suddenly my right knee was
+    grasped as by a hand. It was a firm grip. I could feel the print
+    and pressure of all the fingers. I said not a word of the strange
+    sensation, but quietly put my right hand down and clasped my knee
+    in order to see if I could feel anything on my hand. At once I
+    felt what seemed like the most delicate finger tips playing over
+    my own fingers and gradually rising in their touches toward my
+    wrist. When this was reached, I felt a series of clear, distinct,
+    and definite pats, as though made by a hand of fleshy vigor. I
+    made no motion to indicate what was going on, and said not a word
+    until the sensation had passed. All this while I was carefully
+    watching my hand, for it was plain daylight, and it was in full
+    view; but I saw nothing."
+
+
+We need not multiply evidence on this point. A remark by T. J. Hudson
+("Law of Psychic Phenomena," p. 206, McClurg & Co., Chicago, 1894) may
+fitly close this division of the subject. He says:--
+
+
+    "I will not waste time, however, by attempting to prove by
+    experiments of my own, or of others, that such phenomena do occur.
+    It is too late for that. The facts are too well known to the
+    civilized world to require proof at this time. The man who denies
+    the phenomena of spiritism to-day is not entitled to be called a
+    skeptic, he is simply ignorant; and it would be a hopeless task to
+    attempt to enlighten him."
+
+
+
+
+A Manifestation of Intelligence.
+
+
+From the testimony already given it is evident that there is connected
+with Spiritualism an agency that is able to manifest power and strength
+beyond anything that human beings, unaided, are able to exert. It is just
+as evident that the same agency possesses intelligence beyond the power of
+human minds. Indeed, this was the very feature that first brought it to
+the attention of the public. Spiritualism, as the reader is doubtless
+aware, originated in the family of Mr. John D. Fox, in Hydesville, near
+Rochester, N. Y., in the spring of 1848. Robert Dale Owen, in his work
+called "Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World," p. 290, has given a
+full narration of the circumstances attending this remarkable event. The
+particulars, he states, he had from Mrs. Fox, and her two daughters,
+Margaret and Kate, and son, David. The attention of the family had been
+attracted by strange noises which finally assumed the form of raps, or
+muffled footfalls, and became very annoying. Chairs were sometimes moved
+from their places, and this was once also the case with the dining-room
+table. Heard occasionally during February, the disturbance so increased
+during the latter part of March, as seriously to break the nightly repose
+of the family. But as these annoyances occurred only in the night-time,
+all the family hoped that soon, by some means, the mystery would be
+cleared away. They did not abandon this hope till Friday, the 31st of
+March, 1848. Wearied by a succession of sleepless nights, the family
+retired early, hoping for a respite from the disturbances that had
+harassed them. In this they were doomed to especial disappointment. We can
+do no better than to let Mr. Owen continue the narrative, in his own
+words:--
+
+
+    "The parents had removed the children's beds into their bedroom,
+    and strictly enjoined them not to talk of noises, even if they
+    heard them. But scarcely had the mother seen them safely in bed,
+    and was retiring to rest herself, when the children cried out,
+    'Here they are again!' The mother chided them, and lay down.
+    Thereupon the noises became louder and more startling. The
+    children sat up in bed. Mrs. Fox called her husband. The night
+    being windy, it was suggested to him that it might be the rattling
+    of the sashes. He tried several to see if they were loose. Kate,
+    the younger girl, happened to remark that as often as her father
+    shook a window-sash, the noises seemed to reply. Being a lively
+    child, and in a measure accustomed to what was going on, she
+    turned to where the noise was, snapped her fingers, and called
+    out, 'Here, old Splitfoot, do as I do!' The knocking instantly
+    responded.
+
+
+    "_That was the very commencement. Who can tell where the end will
+    be?_
+
+
+    "I do not mean that it was Kate Fox, who thus, in childish jest,
+    first discovered that these mysterious sounds seemed instinct with
+    intelligence. Mr. Mompesson, two hundred years ago, had already
+    observed a similar phenomenon. Glanvil had verified it. So had
+    Wesley, and his children. So we have seen, and others. But in all
+    these cases the matter rested there and the observation was not
+    prosecuted further. As, previous to the invention of the steam
+    engine, sundry observers had trodden the very threshold of the
+    discovery and there stopped, so in this case, where the royal
+    chaplain, disciple though he was of the inductive philosophy, and
+    where the founder of Methodism, admitting, as he did, the
+    probabilities of ultramundane interference, were both at fault, a
+    Yankee girl, but nine years old, following up more in sport than
+    in earnest, a chance observation, became the instigator of a
+    movement which, whatever its true character, has had its influence
+    throughout the civilized world. The spark had been ignited,--once
+    at least two centuries ago; but it had died each time without
+    effect. It kindled no flame till the middle of the nineteenth
+    century.
+
+
+    "And yet how trifling the step from the observation at Tedworth to
+    the discovery at Hydesville! Mr. Mompesson, in bed with his little
+    daughter (about Kate's age), whom the sound seemed chiefly to
+    follow, 'observed that it would exactly answer, in drumming,
+    anything that was beaten or called for.' But his curiosity led him
+    no further.
+
+
+    "Not so Kate Fox. She tried, by silently bringing together her
+    thumb and forefinger; whether she could obtain a response. Yes! It
+    could _see_, then, as well as _hear_. She called her mother. 'Only
+    look, mother,' she said, bringing together again her finger and
+    thumb, as before. And as often as she repeated the noiseless
+    motion, just as often responded the raps.
+
+
+    "This at once arrested her mother's attention. 'Count ten,' she
+    said, addressing the noise. Ten strokes, distinctly given! 'How
+    old is my daughter Margaret?' Twelve strokes. 'And Kate?' Nine.
+    'What can all this mean?' was Mrs. Fox's thought. Who was
+    answering her? Was it only some mysterious echo of her own
+    thought? But the next question which she put seemed to refute the
+    idea. 'How many children have I?' she asked aloud. Seven strokes.
+    'Ah!' she thought, 'it can blunder sometimes.' And then aloud,
+    'Try again.' Still the number of raps was seven. Of a sudden a
+    thought crossed Mrs. Fox's mind. 'Are they all alive?' she asked.
+    Silence for answer. 'How many are living?' Six strokes. 'How many
+    are dead?' A single stroke. _She had lost a child._
+
+
+    "Then she asked, 'Are you a man?' No answer. 'Are you a spirit?'
+    It rapped. 'May my neighbors hear, if I call them?' It rapped
+    again.
+
+
+    "Thereupon she asked her husband to call her neighbor, a Mrs.
+    Redfield, who came in laughing. But her cheer was soon changed.
+    The answers to her inquiries were as prompt and pertinent, as they
+    had been to those of Mrs. Fox. She was struck with awe; and when,
+    in reply to a question about the number of her children, by
+    rapping four, instead of three, as she expected, it reminded her
+    of a little daughter, Mary, whom she had recently lost, the mother
+    burst into tears."
+
+
+We have introduced this narrative thus at length not only because it is
+interesting in itself, but because it is of special interest that all the
+particulars of the origin, or beginning, of such a movement as this,
+should be well understood. The following paragraph will explain how it
+came to be called "The Rochester Knockings," under which name it first
+became widely known. It is from the "Report of the 37th Anniversary of
+Modern Spiritualism," held in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 31, 1885, and
+reported in the _Banner of Light_, the 25th of the following month:--
+
+
+    "After a song by J. T. Lillie, Mrs. Leah Fox Underhill, the elder
+    of the three Fox sisters (who was on our platform), was requested
+    to speak. Mrs. Underhill said that she was not a public speaker,
+    but would answer any questions from the audience, and in response
+    to these questions told in a graphic manner how the spirits came
+    to their humble home in Hydesville, in 1848; how on the 31st of
+    March the first intelligent communication from the spirit world
+    came through the raps; how the family had been annoyed by the
+    manifestations, and by the notoriety that followed; how the
+    younger sisters, Catherine and Margaret, were taken to Rochester,
+    where she lived, by their mother, hoping that this great and
+    apparent calamity might pass from them; how their father and
+    mother prayed that this cup might be taken away, but the phenomena
+    became more marked and violent; how in the morning they would find
+    four coffins drawn with an artistic hand on the door of the
+    dining-room of her home in Rochester, of different sizes,
+    approximating to the ages and sizes of the family, and these were
+    lined with a pink color, and they were told that unless they made
+    this great fact known, they would all speedily die, and enter the
+    spirit-world.
+
+
+    "Gladly would they all have accepted this penalty for their
+    disobedience in not making this truth known to the world. She told
+    how they were compelled to hire Corinthian Hall in Rochester; how
+    several public meetings were held in Rochester, culminating in the
+    selection of a committee of prominent infidels, who, after
+    submitting the Fox children to the most severe tests,--they being
+    disrobed in the presence of a committee of ladies,--reported in
+    their favor.... All the time she was on our platform, there was a
+    continuous rapping by the spirits in response to what was being
+    said by the several speakers, also in response to the singing, and
+    all our exercises."
+
+
+In the same volume of the _Forum_ from which quotations have already been
+made, M. J. Savage states many facts which have a determinate bearing on
+the point now under consideration; namely, the intelligence manifested in
+the spiritual phenomena. From these we quote a few. He says (p. 452 and
+onward):--
+
+
+    "I am in possession of quite a large body of apparent facts that I
+    do not know what to do with.... That certain things to me
+    inexplicable have occurred, I believe. The negative opinion of
+    some one with whom no such things have occurred, will not satisfy
+    me.... I am ready to submit some specimens of those things that
+    constitute my problem. They can be only specimens; for a detailed
+    account of even half of those I have laid by, would stretch to the
+    limits of a book.
+
+
+    "A merchant ship bound for New York was on her homeward voyage.
+    She was in the Indian Ocean. The captain was engaged to be married
+    to a lady living in New England. One day early in the afternoon he
+    came, pale and excited, to one of his mates, and exclaimed, 'Tom,
+    Kate has just died! I have seen her die!' The mate looked at him
+    in amazement, not knowing what to make of such talk. But the
+    captain went on and described the whole scene--the room, her
+    appearance, how she died, and all the circumstances. So real was
+    it to him, and such was the effect on him, of his grief, that for
+    two or three weeks, he was carefully watched lest he should do
+    violence to himself. It was more than one hundred and fifty days
+    before the ship reached her harbor. During all this time no news
+    was received from home. But when at last the ship arrived at New
+    York, it was found that Kate did die at the time and under the
+    circumstances seen and described by the captain off the coast of
+    India. This is only one case out of hundreds. What does it mean?
+    Coincidence? Just happened so? This might be said of one; but a
+    hundred of such coincidences become inexplicable."
+
+
+The following is another instance mentioned by the same writer:--
+
+
+    "I went to the house of a woman in New York. She was not a
+    professional. We had never seen each other before. We took seats
+    in the parlor for a talk, I not looking for any manifestation.
+    Raps began. I do not say whether they were really where they
+    seemed to be or not; I know right well that the judgment is
+    subject to illusion through the senses. But I was told a 'spirit
+    friend' was present; and soon the name, time, and place of death,
+    etc., were given me. It was the name of a friend I had once known
+    intimately. But twenty years had passed since the old intimacy;
+    she had lived in another State; I am certain that she and the
+    psychic had never known or even heard of each other. She had died
+    within a few months."
+
+
+Mr. Savage then gives examples where the power in question was exclusively
+mental:--
+
+
+    "The first time I was ever in the presence of a particular
+    psychic, she went into a trance. She had never seen, and, so far
+    as I know, had never had any way of hearing of my father, who had
+    died some years previously. When I was a boy, he always called me
+    by a special name that was never used by any other member of the
+    family. In later years he hardly ever used it. But the entranced
+    psychic said: 'An old gentleman is here,' and she described
+    certain very marked peculiarities. Then she added: 'He says he is
+    your father, and he calls you ----,' using the old childhood name of
+    mine."
+
+
+Again, same page:--
+
+
+    "One case more, only, will I mention under this head. A most
+    intimate friend of my youth had recently died. She had lived in
+    another State, and the psychic did not know that such a person had
+    ever existed. We were sitting alone when this old friend announced
+    her presence. It was in this way: A letter of two pages was
+    automatically written, addressed to me. I thought to myself as I
+    read it,--I did not speak,--'Were it possible, I should feel sure
+    she had written this.' I then said, as though speaking to her,
+    'Will you not give me your name?' It was given, both maiden and
+    married name. I then began a conversation lasting over an hour,
+    which seemed as real as any I ever have with my friends. She told
+    me of her children, of her sisters. We talked over the events of
+    boyhood and girlhood. I asked her if she remembered a book we used
+    to read together, and she gave me the author's name. I asked again
+    if she remembered the particular poem we were both specially fond
+    of, and she named it at once. In the letter that was written, and
+    in much of the conversation, there were apparent hints of
+    identity, little touches and peculiarities that would mean much to
+    an acquaintance, but nothing to a stranger. I could not but be
+    much impressed. Now in this case, I know that the psychic never
+    knew of this person's existence, and of course not of our
+    acquaintance."
+
+
+Mr. Savage then mentions cases which he calls still more inexplicable,
+because the information conveyed was not known either to the psychic
+(which seems to be the new name for medium) or to himself. He says:--
+
+
+    "But one more case dare I take the space for, though the budget is
+    only opened. This one did not happen to me, but it is so hedged
+    about and checked off, that its evidential value in a scientific
+    way is absolutely perfect. The names of some of the parties
+    concerned _would be recognized in two hemispheres_. A lady and
+    gentleman visited a psychic. The gentleman was the lady's
+    brother-in-law. The lady had an aunt who was ill in a city two or
+    three hundred miles away. When the psychic had become entranced,
+    the lady asked her if she had any impression as to the condition
+    of her aunt. The reply was, 'No.' But before the sitting was over,
+    the psychic exclaimed, 'Why, your aunt is here! She has already
+    passed away.' 'This cannot be true,' said the lady; 'there must be
+    a mistake. If she had died, they would have telegraphed us
+    immediately.' 'But,' the psychic insisted, 'she is here. And she
+    explains that she died about two o'clock this morning. She also
+    says that a telegram has been sent, and you will find it at the
+    house on your return.'
+
+
+    "Here seemed a clear case for a test. So while the lady started
+    for her home, her brother-in-law called at the house of a friend
+    and told the story. While there the husband came in. Having been
+    away for some hours he had not heard of any telegram. But the
+    friend seated himself at his desk and wrote out a careful account,
+    which all three signed on the spot. When they reached home,--two or
+    three miles away,--there was the telegram confirming the fact and
+    the time of the aunt's death, precisely as the psychic had told
+    them.
+
+
+    "Here are most wonderful facts. How shall they be accounted for? I
+    have not trusted my memory for these things, but have made careful
+    record at the time. I know many other records of a similar kind
+    kept by others. They are kept private. Why? The late Rev. J. G.
+    Wood, of England, the world-famous naturalist, once said to me: 'I
+    am glad to talk of these things to any one who has a right to
+    know. But I used to call everybody a fool who had anything to do
+    with them; and with a smile--"I do not enjoy being called a
+    fool." '
+
+
+    "Psychic and other societies that advertise for strange phenomena,
+    must learn that at least a respectful treatment is to be accorded,
+    or people will not lay bare their secret souls. And then, in the
+    very nature of the case, these experiments concern matters of the
+    most personal nature. Many of the most striking cases people will
+    not make public. In some of those above related, I have had so to
+    veil facts, that they do not appear as remarkable as they really
+    are. The whole cannot be told."
+
+
+A quotation from this same writer ("Automatic Writing," page 14), says:--
+
+
+    "I am in possession of a respectable body of facts that I do not
+    know how to explain except on the theory that I am dealing with
+    some invisible intelligence. I hold that as the only tenable
+    theory I am acquainted with."
+
+
+In the same work (page 19), the author, Mrs. S. A. Underwood, as the
+result of her communications from spirits, says:--
+
+
+    "Detailed statements of facts unknown to either of us [that is,
+    herself and her 'control'], but which weeks afterward were learned
+    to be correct, have been written, and repeated again and again,
+    when disbelieved and contradicted by us."
+
+
+On this point, also, as on the preceding, testimony need not be
+multiplied. The facts are too well known and too generally admitted to
+warrant the devotion of further space to a presentation of the evidence.
+_The question must soon be met, What is the source of the power and
+intelligence thus manifested?_ But this may properly be held in abeyance
+till we take a glance at:
+
+
+
+
+The Progress of Spiritualism.
+
+
+during the fifty years of its modern history. It began in a way to excite
+the wonder and curiosity of the people, the very elements that would give
+wings to its progress through the land. Men suddenly found their thoughts
+careering through new channels. An unseen world seemed to make known its
+presence and invite investigation. As the phenomena claimed to be due to
+the direct agency of spirits, the movement naturally assumed the name of
+"Spiritualism." It was then hailed by multitudes as a new and living
+teacher, come to clear up uncertainties and to dispel doubts from the
+minds of men. At least an irrepressible curiosity was everywhere excited
+to know what the new "ism" would teach concerning that invisible world
+which it professed to have come to open to the knowledge of mankind.
+Everywhere men sought by what means they could come into communication
+with the spirit realm. Into whatever place the news entered, circles were
+formed, and the number of converts outstripped the pen of the enroller. It
+gathered adherents from every walk of life--from the higher classes as well
+as the lower; the educated, cultured, and refined, as well as the
+uncultivated and ignorant; from ministers, lawyers, physicians, judges,
+teachers, government officials, and all the professions. But the
+individuals thus interested, being of too diverse and independent views to
+agree upon any permanent basis for organization, the data for numerical
+statistics are difficult to procure. Various estimates, however, of their
+numbers have been formed. As long ago as 1876, computations of the number
+of Spiritualists in the United States ranged from 3,000,000 by Hepworth
+Dixon, to 10,000,000 by the Roman Catholic council at Baltimore. Only five
+years from the time the first convert to Modern Spiritualism appeared,
+Judge Edmonds, himself an enthusiastic convert, said of their numbers:--
+
+
+    "Besides the undistinguished multitudes, there are many now of
+    high standing and talent ranked among them,--doctors, lawyers, and
+    clergymen in great numbers, a Protestant bishop, the learned and
+    reverend president of a college, judges of our higher courts,
+    members of Congress, foreign ambassadors, and ex-members of the
+    United States Senate."
+
+
+Up to the present time, it is not probable that the number of
+Spiritualists has been much reduced by apostasies from the faith, if such
+it may be called; while the movement itself has been growing more
+prominent and becoming more widely known every year. The conclusion would
+therefore inevitably follow that its adherents must now be more numerous
+than ever before. A letter addressed by the writer to the publishers of
+the _Philosophical Journal_, Chicago, on this point, received the
+following reply, dated Dec. 24, 1895:--
+
+
+    "Being unorganized, largely, no reliable figures can be given.
+    Many thousands are in the churches, and are counted there. It is
+    _claimed_ that there are about five million in the United States,
+    and over fifty million in the world."
+
+
+The _Christian at Work_ of Aug. 17, 1876, under the head of "Witches and
+Fools," said:--
+
+
+    "But we do not know how many judges, bankers, merchants, prominent
+    men in nearly every occupation in life, there are, who make it a
+    constant practice to visit clairvoyants, sightseers, and so-called
+    Spiritual mediums; yet it can scarcely be doubted that their name
+    is legion; that not only the unreligious man, but professing
+    Christians, men and women, are in the habit of consulting spirits
+    from the vasty deep for information concerning both the dead and
+    the living. Many who pass for intelligent people, who would be
+    shocked to have their Christianity called in question, are
+    constantly engaged in this disreputable business."
+
+
+The following appeared some years ago, in the San Francisco _Chronicle_:--
+
+
+    "Until quite recently, science has coldly ignored the alleged
+    phenomena of Spiritualism, and treated Andrew Jackson Davis, Home,
+    and the Davenport brothers, as if they belonged to the common
+    fraternity of showmen and mountebanks. But now there has come a
+    most noteworthy change. We learn from such high authority as the
+    _Fortnightly Review_ that Alfred R. Wallace, F. R. S.; William
+    Crookes, F. R. S. and editor of the _Quarterly Journal of
+    Science_; W. H. Harrison, F. R. S. and president of the British
+    Ethnological Society, with others occupying a high position in the
+    scientific and literary world, have been seriously investigating
+    the phenomena of spiritism. The report which those learned
+    gentlemen make is simply astounding. There is no fairy tale, no
+    story of myth or miracle, that is more incredible than their
+    narrative. They tell us in grave and sober speech, that the spirit
+    of a girl who died a hundred years ago, appeared to them in
+    visible form. She talked with them, gave them locks of her hair,
+    pieces of her dress, and her autograph. They saw her in bodily
+    presence, felt her person, heard her voice; she entered the room
+    in which they were, and disappeared without the opening of a door.
+    The savants declare that they have had numerous interviews with
+    her under conditions forbidding the idea of trickery or imposture.
+
+
+    "Now that men eminent in the scientific world have taken up the
+    investigation, Spiritualism has entered upon a new phase. It can
+    no longer be treated with silent contempt. Mr. Wallace's articles
+    in the _Fortnightly_ have attracted general attention, and many of
+    the leading English reviews and newspapers are discussing the
+    matter. The New York _World_ devotes three columns of its space to
+    a summary of the last article in the _Fortnightly_, and declares
+    editorially that the 'phenomena' thus attested 'deserve the rigid
+    scientific examination which Mr. Wallace invites for them.' This
+    is treating the matter in the right way. Let all the well-attested
+    facts be collected, and then let us see what conclusions they
+    justify. If spirit communication is a fact, it is certainly a most
+    interesting one. In the language which the World attributes to
+    John Bright, 'If it is a fact, it is the one besides which every
+    other fact of human existence sinks into insignificance.' "
+
+
+One of the reasons why it would be quite impossible to state the number of
+real Spiritualists in our land to-day has already been hinted at in a
+foregoing extract. It is that "many thousands," and we think the number
+might in all probability be raised to millions, who are in reality
+Spiritualists, do not go by that name. They are in the various churches,
+and are counted there. Yet they believe the phenomena of Spiritualism,
+accept its teachings in their own minds, and quietly and constantly, as
+the _Christian at Work_ avers, consult clairvoyants and mediums, in quest
+of knowledge. The grosser features of the teachings of Spiritualism which
+were painfully prominent in its earlier stages, which there is no reason
+to believe are discountenanced or abandoned either in theory or practice,
+are relegated to an invisible background, while in its outward aspect it
+now poses in the attitude of piety and the garb of religion. It even
+professes to adopt some of the more prominent and popular doctrines of
+Christianity. In this phase the average churchgoer cannot see why he may
+not accept all that Spiritualism has to give, and still retain his
+denominational relationship. Besides this, the coming to light, every now
+and then, of the fact that some person of national or world-wide fame is a
+Spiritualist, adds popularity and gives a new impetus to the movement.
+Such instances may be named as the founder of the Leland Stanford
+University, of California; the widow of ex-Vice-President Hendricks, of
+Indiana, who, it is said, is carrying on some very successful financial
+transactions by direction from the spirit world; and Mr. W. T. Stead,
+London editor of the _Review of Reviews_, who, in 1893 started a new
+quarterly, called _The Border Land_, to be devoted to the advocacy of the
+philosophy of Spiritualism, which he had then but recently espoused. In
+other countries it has invaded the ranks of the nobility, and even seated
+itself on the thrones of monarchs. The late royal houses of France, Spain,
+and Russia are said, by current rumor, to have sought the spirits for
+knowledge. No cause could covet more rapid and wide-spread success than
+this has enjoyed.
+
+
+
+
+
+                               Chapter Two.
+
+
+WHAT IS THE AGENCY IN QUESTION?
+
+
+Having now shown that there are connected with Spiritualism supermundane
+phenomena that cannot be denied, and equally evident superhuman
+intelligence, sufficient to give to the movement unprecedented recognition
+in all the world, the way is open for the most important question that can
+be raised concerning it, and one which now demands an answer; and that is,
+What is the agency by which these phenomena are produced, and by which
+this intelligence is manifested? This question must be examined with the
+utmost care, and, if possible, a decision be reached of the most assuring
+certainty; for, as Mr. M. J. Savage says, "Spiritualism is either a grand
+truth or a most lamentable delusion."
+
+It is proper that the claim which Spiritualism puts forth for itself, in
+this regard, should first be heard. This is so well known that it scarcely
+need be stated. It is that there is in every human being a soul, or
+spirit, which constitutes the real person; that this soul, or spirit, is
+immortal; that it manifests itself through a tangible body during this
+earth life, and when that body dies, passes unscathed into the unseen
+world, into an enlarged sphere of life, activity, and intelligence; that
+in this sphere it can still take cognizance of earthly things, and
+communicate with those still in the flesh, respecting scenes which it has
+left, and those more interesting conditions still veiled from mortal
+sight; that it is by these disembodied, or "discarnated" spirits that raps
+are given, objects moved, intelligence manifested, secrets revealed,
+slates written, voices uttered, faces shown, and epistles addressed to
+mortals, as friend would write to friend. If this be true, it opens what
+would indeed be considered a grand avenue of consolation to bereaved
+hearts, by giving them evidence that their departed friends still lived;
+that they recognized, loved, and accompanied them, and delighted still to
+counsel and instruct them. If not true, it is a masterpiece of superhuman
+craft and cunning; for it takes Christendom on the side where it is least
+guarded; as the view is everywhere held that the dead are conscious, and
+the only question would be as to their power to communicate with persons
+still living in the body; and it throws its arms around the individual
+when the heart is the most tender, when plunged into a condition in which
+every pang of bereaved sorrow, every tie of affection, and every throb of
+love, press him to crave with all his being that communication with the
+dead may be proved a fact, and to constrain him to accept the doctrine,
+unless kept from it by some power stronger than the cords that bind heart
+to heart in deathless love. If it be a deception, it occupies a vantage
+ground before which men may well tremble.
+
+But, as has been already stated, the question is here to be discussed from
+the standpoint of the Bible; the Bible is to be taken as the standard of
+authority by which all conflicting claims respecting the nature of man,
+must be decided. The authenticity of the Scriptures, in reference to those
+who deny their authority, is an antecedent question, into the discussion
+of which it is not the province of this little work to enter. A word,
+however, by way of digression, may be allowed in reference to its
+authorship.
+
+
+
+
+Credentials of the Bible.
+
+
+1. The Bible claims to be the word of God. Those who wrote it assert that
+they wrote as they "were moved by the Holy Ghost;" and they append to what
+they utter, a "Thus saith the Lord."
+
+2. If it is not what it claims to be, it is an _imposture_ invented by
+_deceivers_ and _liars_.
+
+3. _Good_ men would not deceive and lie; therefore they were not the ones
+who invented the Bible.
+
+4. If, therefore, it was invented by men at all, it must have been
+invented by _bad_ men.
+
+5. All liars and religious impostors are bad men; but--
+
+6. The Bible repeatedly and most explicitly forbids lying and imposture,
+under the threatening of most condign punishment.
+
+7. Would, therefore, liars and impostors invent a book which more than any
+other book ever written, denounces lying and imposture, thus condemning
+themselves to the severest judgments of God, and at last to eternal death?
+
+8. If, then, the Bible is not the invention of good men,--because such men
+would not lie and deceive; nor of evil men,--because such men would not
+condemn themselves; nor of good or evil angels, for the same reasons, who
+else can be its author, but he who claims to be, that is, the living God?
+
+9. If, therefore, from the very nature of the case, it must be God's book,
+why not believe it, and obey it?
+
+To return: Appeal is therefore made to the Bible; and the object is to
+learn what the Bible teaches about Spiritualism. When the claim is put
+forth that it is the disembodied spirits of dead men who make the
+communications, the Bible reader is at once aware of a conflict of claims.
+In times when the Bible was written, there were practices among men which
+went under the names of "enchantment," "sorcery," "witchcraft,"
+"necromancy," "divination," "consulting with familiar spirits," etc. These
+practices were all more or less related, but some of them bear an
+unmistakable meaning. Thus, "necromancy" is defined to mean "a pretended
+communication with the dead." A "familiar spirit" was "a spirit or demon
+supposed to attend on an individual, or to come at his call; the invisible
+agent of a necromancer's will."--_Century Dictionary._ Spiritualists do not
+deny that their intercourse with the invisible world comes under some, at
+least, of these heads. But all such practices the Bible explicitly
+forbids.
+
+Deut. 18:9-12: "There shall not be found among you any one that maketh his
+son or his daughter to pass through the fire, or that useth divination, or
+an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch, or a charmer, or a
+consulter with _familiar spirits_, or a wizard, or a _necromancer_. For
+all that do these things are an abomination unto the Lord." Lev. 19:31:
+"Regard not them that have familiar spirits, neither seek after wizards,
+to be defiled by them: I am the Lord your God." See also, 2 Kings 21:2, 6,
+9, 11; Rev. 21:8; Gal. 5:19-21; Acts 16:16-18; etc. Thus plainly in both
+the Old and New Testaments, are these practices forbidden.
+
+
+
+
+An Impossibility.
+
+
+But why does the Bible forbid such practices as necromancy, or a
+"pretended" communication with the dead?--Because it would be only a
+pretense at best; for such communication is impossible. The dead are
+unconscious in their graves, and have no power to communicate with the
+living. Let this truth be once established, and it is the death-blow to
+the claims of Spiritualism, in the cases of all who will receive it.
+Allusion has already been made to a popular and wide-spread dogma in the
+Christian church which furnishes a basis for Spiritualism. It is that the
+soul is immortal, and that the dead are conscious. Spirits make known
+their presence, and claim to be the spirits of persons who have once lived
+here in human bodies. Now if the Bible teaches that there is no such thing
+as a disembodied human spirit, a knowledge of that fact would enable one
+to detect at once the imposture of any intelligence which from behind the
+curtain should claim to be such spirit. Any spirit seeking the attention
+of men in this life, and claiming to be what the Bible says does not
+exist, comes with a falsehood on its lips or in its raps, if the Bible is
+true, and thus reveals its real character to be that of a deceiver. In
+this case the Bible believer is armed against the imposture. No man likes
+to be fooled. No matter therefore how nice the communicating intelligence
+may seem, how many true things it may say, or how many good things it may
+promise, the conviction cannot be evaded that no real good can be intended
+or conferred by any spirit, or whatever it may be, masquerading under the
+garb of falsehood, or pretending to be what it is not. On such a
+foundation no stable superstructure can be reared. It becomes a
+death-trap, sure to collapse and involve in ruin all those who trust
+therein.
+
+It is very desirable that the reader comprehend the full importance of the
+doctrine, as related to this subject, that the dead are unconscious and
+that they have no power to communicate with the living. This being
+established, it sweeps away at one stroke the entire foundation of
+Spiritualism. Evidence will now be presented to show that this is a Bible
+doctrine; and wherever this is received, the fabric of Spiritualism from
+base to finial falls; it cannot possibly stand. But where the doctrine
+prevails that only the thin veil that limits our mortal vision, separates
+us from a world full of the conscious, intelligent spirits of those who
+have departed this life, Spiritualism has the field, beyond the
+possibility of dislodgment. When one believes that he has disembodied
+spirit friends all about him, how can he question that they are able to
+communicate with him? and when some unseen intelligence makes its presence
+known, and claims to be one of those friends, and refers to facts or
+scenes, known only to them two, how can the living dispute the claim? How
+can he refuse to accept a claim, which, on his own hypothesis, there is no
+conceivable reason to deny? But if the spirits are not what they claim to
+be, how shall the inexplicable phenomena attending their manifestations be
+explained?--The Bible brings to view other agencies, not the so-called
+spirits of the departed, to whose working all that has ever been
+manifested which to mortal vision is mysterious and inexplicable, may be
+justly attributed.
+
+
+
+
+The Soul Not Immortal.
+
+
+Spiritualism declares it to be the great object of its mission, to prove
+the immortality of the soul, which, it says, is not taught in the
+Scriptures with sufficient clearness, and is not otherwise demonstrated.
+It well attributes to the Scriptures a lack of plain teaching in support
+of that dogma; and it would have stated more truth, if it had said that
+the Scriptures nowhere countenance such a doctrine at all. But, it is
+said, the Scriptures are full of the terms, "soul" and "spirit." Very
+true; but they nowhere use those terms to designate such a part of man as
+in common parlance, and in popular theology, they have come to mean. The
+fact is, the popular concept of the "soul" and "spirit" has been
+formulated entirely outside the Bible. Sedulously, unremittingly, for six
+thousand years, the idea has been inculcated in the minds of men, from the
+cradle to the grave, that man is a dual being, consisting of an outward
+body which dies, and an inward being called "soul," or "spirit," which
+does not die, but passes to higher spirit life, when the body goes into
+the grave. The father of this doctrine is rarely referred to by its
+believers, as authority, possibly through a little feeling of
+embarrassment as to its parentage; for he it was who announced it to our
+first parents in these words: "Ye shall not surely die!" Gen. 3:4. When
+men began to die, it was a shrewd stroke of policy on the part of him who
+had promised them that they should not die, to try to prove to those who
+remained that the others had not really died, but only changed conditions.
+It is no marvel that he should try to make men believe that they possessed
+an immaterial, immortal entity that could not die; but, in view of the
+ghastly experiences of the passing years, it is the marvel of marvels that
+he should have succeeded so well. The trouble now is that men take these
+meanings which have been devised and fostered into stupendous strength
+outside the pale of Bible teaching, and attach them to the Bible terms of
+"soul" and "spirit." In other words, the mongrel pago-papal theology which
+has grown up in Christendom, lets the Bible furnish the terms, and
+paganism the definitions. But from the Bible standpoint, these definitions
+do not belong there; they are foreign to the truth, and the Bible does not
+recognize them. They are as much out of place as was the inventor of them
+himself in the garden of Eden. Let the Bible furnish its own definitions
+to its own terms, and all will be clear. The opinion of John Milton, the
+celebrated author of Paradise Lost, is worthy of note. In his "Treatise on
+Christian Doctrine," Vol. I, pp. 250, 251, he says:--
+
+
+    "Man is a living being, intrinsically and properly one individual,
+    not compound and separable, not, according to the common opinion,
+    made up and framed of two distinct and different natures, as of
+    body and soul, but the whole man is soul, and the soul, man; that
+    is to say, a body or substance, individual, animated, sensitive,
+    and rational."
+
+
+In this sense the word is employed many times; but whoever will trace the
+use of the words "soul" and "spirit" through the Bible, will find them
+applied also to a great variety of objects; as, person, mind, heart, body
+(in the expression "a dead body"), will, lust, appetite, breath, creature,
+pleasure, desire, anger, courage, blast, etc., etc., in all nearly fifty
+different ways. But it is a fact which should be especially noted, that in
+not a single instance is there the least hint given that anything
+expressed by these terms is capable of existing for a single moment, as a
+conscious entity, or in any other condition, _without the body_! This
+being so, none of these, according to the Bible, are the agency claimed to
+be present in Spiritualism.
+
+Another fact in reference to this point, should be allowed its decisive
+bearing. The question now under investigation is, Is the soul immortal, as
+Spiritualism has taken upon itself to teach, and claims to demonstrate?
+The Bible is found to be so lavish in the use of the terms "soul" and
+"spirit," that these words occur in the aggregate, _seventeen hundred
+times_. Seventeen hundred times, by way of description, analysis,
+narrative, historical facts, or declarations of what they can do, or
+suffer, the Bible has something to say about "soul" and "spirit." The most
+important question to be settled concerning them, certainly, is whether
+they are immortal or not. Will not the Bible, so freely treating of these
+terms, answer this question? Very strange, indeed, if it does not. But
+does it once affirm that either the soul or the spirit is immortal?--_Not
+once!_ Does it ever apply to them the terms "eternal," "deathless,"
+"neverdying," or any word that bears the necessary meaning of
+immortal?--Not in a single instance. Does it apply to them any term from
+which even an inference, necessary or remote, can be drawn that they are
+immortal? Even reduced to this attenuated form, the answer is still an
+emphatic and overwhelming, _No!_ Well, then, does it say _anything_ about
+the nature and capabilities of existence of that which it denominates soul
+or spirit?--Yes; it says the soul is in danger of the grave, may die, be
+destroyed, killed, and that the spirit may be wounded, cut off, preserved,
+and so, conversely, made to perish.
+
+It is sometimes claimed that it is not necessary that the Bible should
+affirm the immortality of the soul, because it is so self-evident a fact
+that it is taken for granted. But no one surely can suppose that the
+immortality of the soul is more self-evident than that of Jehovah; yet the
+Bible has seen fit to affirm his immortality in most direct terms. 1 Tim.
+1:17: "Now unto the King eternal, _immortal_, invisible, the only wise
+God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen." 1 Tim. 6:16: "Who only
+hath _immortality_, dwelling in the light which no man can approach unto;
+whom no man hath seen, nor can see: to whom be honor and power
+everlasting. Amen." Let, then, similar Bible testimony be found concerning
+the soul; that is, that it is "immortal," or "hath immortality," and the
+taken-for-granted device will not be needed.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Three.
+
+
+THE DEAD UNCONSCIOUS.
+
+
+From the fact now established that the soul is not immortal, it would
+follow as an inevitable conclusion, that the dead are not conscious in the
+intermediate state, and consequently cannot act the part attributed to
+them in modern Spiritualism. But there are some positive statements to
+which the reader's attention should be called, and some instances supposed
+to prove the conscious state which should be noticed.
+
+1. _The Dead Know not Anything._--As a sample of the way the Bible speaks
+upon this question, let the reader turn to the words of Solomon, in Eccl.
+9:5, 6, 10: "For the living know that they shall die: but the dead know
+not anything, neither have they any more a reward; for the memory of them
+is forgotten. Also their love, and their hatred, and their envy, is now
+perished; neither have they any more a portion for ever in anything that
+is done under the sun.... Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with
+thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in
+the grave, whither thou goest."
+
+This language is addressed to the real, living, intelligent, responsible
+man; and how could it be plainer? On the hypothesis of the commonly
+believed distinction between the soul and the body, this must be addressed
+to the soul; for the body considered as the mere material instrument
+through which the soul acts, is not supposed of itself to know anything.
+The body, as a body, independent of the soul, does not know that it shall
+die; but it is that which knows, while one is alive, that it shall die--it
+is that same intelligent being that, when dead, knows not anything. But
+the spirits in Spiritualism do know many things in their condition;
+therefore they are not those who have once lived on this earth, and passed
+off through death; for such, once dead, this scripture affirms, know not
+anything--they are in a condition in which there is "no work, nor device,
+nor knowledge, nor wisdom." This is a plain, straightforward, literal
+statement; there is no mistaking its meaning; and if it is true, then it
+is not true that the unseen agents working through Spiritualism, are the
+spirits of the dead.
+
+2. _The Spirit Returns to God._--Another passage from the same writer and
+the same book, may recur to the mind of the reader, as expressing a
+different and contradictory thought. Eccl. 12:7. "Then shall the dust
+return to the earth as it was: and the spirit shall return unto God who
+gave it." A careful analysis of this passage reveals no support for
+Spiritualism; for it does not say that the spirit, on returning to God, is
+conscious, or is capable of coming back and communicating with mortals. It
+is not denied that different component parts enter into the constitution
+of man; and that these parts may be separated. Solomon himself may
+therefore tell us what he means by the term "spirit" which he here uses.
+He employs the same word in chapter. 3:21 of this same book, but says that
+beasts have it as well as men. And then in verse 19, he explains what he
+means, by saying that they (man and the lower animals) _all_ have one
+_breath_. The record of man's creation in Gen. 2:7, shows that a
+vitalizing principle, called the "breath of life," was necessary to be
+imparted to the organized body, before man became a living being; and this
+breath of life, as common to man and to all breathing animals, is
+described in Gen. 7:21, 22, by the term {~HEBREW LETTER RESH~}{~HEBREW LETTER VAV~}{~HEBREW LETTER HET~} (_ruahh_), the same word that
+is used for "breath," in Eccl. 3:19, "spirit," in verse 21, and "the
+spirit," which God gave to man, and which returns to God, in chapter 12:7.
+Thus it is clear that reference is here made simply to the "breath of
+life" which God at first imparted to man, to make him a living being, and
+which he withdraws to himself, in the hour of man's death. Job states the
+same fact, and describes the process, in chapter 34:14, 15: "If he [God]
+set his heart upon man, if he gather _unto himself_ his [man's] spirit
+[same word] and his breath; ... man shall turn again unto dust." No one
+can fail to see here that Job refers to the same event of which Solomon
+speaks.
+
+And at this point the question may as well be raised, and answered, Whence
+comes this spirit which is claimed to be the real man, capable of an
+independent and superior existence without the body? Bodies come into
+existence by natural generation; but whence comes the spirit? Is it a part
+of the body? If so, it cannot be immortal; for "that which is born of the
+flesh is flesh." John 3:6. Is it supplied to human beings at birth? If so,
+is there a great storehouse, somewhere, of souls and spirits, ready-made,
+from which the supply is drawn as fast as wanted in this world? And if so,
+further, is it to be concluded that all spirits have had a pre-existence?
+and then what was their condition in that state? And again, how does it
+happen, on this supposition, that this spirit in each individual exhibits
+so largely the mental and moral traits of the earthly parents? These
+hypotheses not being very satisfactory, will it be claimed that God
+creates these spirits as fast as children are born to need them? and if
+so, who brings them down just in the nick of time? and by what process are
+they incarnated? But if God has, by special act, created a soul or spirit
+for every member of the human family since Adam, is it not a contradiction
+of Gen. 2:2, which declares that _all_ God's work of creation, so far as
+it pertains to this world, was _completed_ by the close of the first week
+of time? Again, how many of the inhabitants of this earth are the
+offspring of abandoned criminality; and can it be supposed that God holds
+himself in readiness to create souls which must come from his hands pure
+as the dew of heaven, to be thrust into such vile tenements, and doomed to
+a life of wretchedness and woe at the bidding of defiant lust? The
+irreverence of the question will be pardoned as an exposure of the
+absurdity of that theory which necessitates it.
+
+3. _The Spirits of Just Men Made Perfect._--This expression is found in
+Heb. 12:23, and seems, by some, to recognize the idea that spirits can
+exist without the body, and are to be treated as separate entities. Thus
+interpreted it might appear to give some support to Spiritualism. But it
+will by no means bear such an interpretation. The apostle is contrasting
+the privileges of Christians in the present dispensation, with the
+situation of believers before the coming of Christ. What he sets forth are
+blessings to be enjoyed in the present tense. Yes, says one, that is just
+what I believe: We are come to spirits; they are all about us, and tip and
+talk and write for us at our pleasure. But hold! nothing is affirmed of
+spirits separately. The whole idea must be taken in. It is the "spirits of
+_just men_ made perfect;" and the participle "made perfect" agrees with
+"just men," or literally "the just made perfect" ({~GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~} {~GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER MU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~}),
+not with "spirits." It is the _men_ who are made perfect to whom we are
+said to have come. But there are only two localities and two periods, in
+which men are anywhere in the Scriptures said to be made perfect. One is
+in this life and on this earth, and refers to religious experience ("Be ye
+therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect");
+the other is not relative, but actual and absolute, and refers to the
+future immortal state when all the people of God will enter upon eternal
+life together ("God having provided some better thing for us, that they
+[the ancient worthies] without us should not be _made perfect_." Heb.
+11:40). Thus, taken in either of the only two ways possible, the text
+furnishes no proof of Spiritualism. It doubtless refers to the present
+state, the expression, "spirits of just men," being simply a periphrasis
+for "just men," the same as the expression, "the God of the spirits of all
+flesh" (Num. 16:22), means simply "the God of all flesh," and the words
+"your whole spirit, and soul, and body" (1 Thess. 5:23), means simply the
+whole person.
+
+4. _Spirits in Prison._--The apostle Peter uses an expression, which,
+though perhaps not often quoted in direct defense of Spiritualism, is
+relied upon extensively in behalf of the doctrine of the conscious state
+of the dead, which, as already shown, is the essential basis of
+Spiritualism. And such texts as these are here noticed to show to the
+general reader, that the Bible contains no testimony in behalf of that
+doctrine, but positively forbids it, as further quotations will soon be
+introduced to show. The passage now in question is 1 Peter 3:19, where,
+speaking of Christ, it says: "By which also he went and preached unto the
+spirits in prison." By the use of strong assumption, and some lofty
+flights of the imagination, and keeping in the background the real intent
+of the passage, a picture of rather a lively time in the spirit world, can
+be constructed out of this testimony. Thus the spirits are said to be the
+disembodied spirits of those who were destroyed by the flood. See context.
+They were in "prison," that is, in hell. When Christ was put to death upon
+the cross, he immediately went by his disembodied spirit, down into hell
+and preached to those conscious intelligent spirits who were there, and
+continued that work till the third day when he was himself raised from the
+dead. A thought will show that this picture is wrong, (1) in the time, (2)
+in the condition of the people, (3) in the acting agent, and (4) in the
+end to be attained. Thus, when Christ had been put to death, he was
+"quickened" (or made alive), says the record, "by the Spirit." This was
+certainly not a personal disembodied spirit, but that divine agency so
+often referred to in the Scriptures. "By which," that is, this Spirit of
+God, he went and preached. Then he did not go personally on this work. The
+"spirits" were the antediluvians; for they were those who were disobedient
+in the days of Noah. Now when were they preached to? Verse 20 plainly
+tells us it was "_when_ once the longsuffering of God waited _in the days
+of Noah_." In accordance with these statements now let another picture be
+presented: Christ, by his Spirit which was in Noah (1 Peter 1:11), and
+thus through Noah, preached to the spirits, or persons, in Noah's time,
+who were disobedient, in order to save all from the coming flood who would
+believe. They were said to be "in prison," though still living, because
+they were shut up under condemnation, and had only one hundred and twenty
+years granted them in which to repent or perish. Thus Christ was
+commissioned to preach to men said to be in prison, because in darkness,
+error, and condemnation, though they were still living in the flesh. Isa.
+61:1. Dr. Adam Clarke, the eminent Methodist commentator (_in loco_),
+places the going and preaching of Christ in the days of Noah, and by the
+ministry of Noah for one hundred and twenty years, and not during the time
+while he lay in the grave. Then he says:--
+
+
+    "The word {~GREEK SMALL LETTER PI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PERISPOMENI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER MU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA~} (spirits) is supposed to render this view of
+    the subject improbable, because this must mean _disembodied_
+    spirits; but this certainly does not follow; for the _spirits of
+    just men made perfect_ (Heb. 12:23), certainly means righteous
+    men, and men _still in the church militant_: and the Father of
+    spirits (Heb. 12:9) means men still in the body; and the God of
+    the spirits of all flesh (Num. 16:22 and 27:16), means _men, not_
+    in a disembodied state."(1)
+
+
+5. _Cannot Kill the Soul._--"Fear not them which kill the body, but are not
+able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy both
+soul and body in hell." Matt. 10:28. We know what it is to kill the body;
+and by association of ideas, it seems quite natural to form a like
+conception of the soul as something that can be treated in the same way.
+Then if the soul cannot be killed like the body, the conclusion seems easy
+of adoption that it lives right on, with all sensations preserved, as it
+was with the body before its death. If it were not for the pagan
+definition of "soul," which here comes in to change the current of
+thought, such conclusions drawn from this text would not be so prevalent;
+and a little attention to the scope of Christ's teaching here will readily
+correct the misapprehension. This is brought out clearly in verse 39: "He
+that findeth his _life_ shall lose it: and he that loseth his _life_ for
+my sake shall find it." This is easily understood. No one will question
+what it is to lose his life; and Christ says that he who will do this for
+his sake, shall find it. Any one who has been put to death for his faith
+in the gospel has "lost his life" (had the body killed) for Christ's sake.
+But Christ says, Do not fear them, even if they do this. Why?--Because ye
+shall find it--the life you lost. When shall we find it?--In the
+resurrection. John 6:40; Rev. 20:4-6. The expression, "shall find it,"
+thus becomes the exact equivalent of the words, "are not able to kill the
+soul;" that is, are not able to destroy, or prevent us from gaining that
+life he has promised, if we suffer men, for his sake, to "kill the body,"
+or deprive us of our present life. The correctness of this view is
+demonstrated by the word employed in these instances. That word is {~GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH OXIA~}
+(_psuche_). It is properly rendered "life" in verse 39, and improperly
+rendered "soul" in verse 28. This lesson, that men should be willing to
+lose their life for Christ's sake, was considered so important that it is
+again mentioned in Matthew, and reiterated with emphasis by Mark, Luke,
+and John; and they all use this same word {~GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH OXIA~}, which is rendered "life."
+In one instance only in all these parallel passages have the translators
+rendered it "soul;" and that is Matt. 10:28, where it is the source of all
+the misunderstanding on that text.
+
+6. _Souls Under the Altar._--As a part of the events of the fifth seal as
+described in Rev. 6:9-11, John says he saw the souls of the martyrs under
+the altar, and heard them crying for vengeance. If they could do that, it
+is asked, cannot disembodied souls now communicate with the living? Not to
+enter into a full exposition of this scripture, and the inconsistencies
+such a view would involve, it is sufficient to ask if these were like the
+communicating spirits of the present day. How many communications have
+ever been received by modern Spiritualists from souls confined under an
+altar? In glowing symbolism, John saw the dead martyrs, as if slain at the
+foot of the altar; and by the figure of personification a voice was given
+to them, just as Abel's blood cried to God for vengeance upon his guilty
+brother (Gen. 4:10), and just as the stone is said to cry out of the wall,
+and the beam out of the timber to answer it. Hab. 2:11.
+
+7. _The Medium of Endor._--Aside from the direct teaching of the
+Scriptures, it is still held by some that there are scenes narrated in the
+Bible which show that the dead must be conscious. The first of these is
+the case of Saul and the woman of Endor, whom he consulted in order to
+communicate with the prophet Samuel, as narrated in 1 Samuel 28. Here, it
+must be confessed, is brought to view an actual case of spirit
+manifestation, a specimen of ancient necromancy; for the conditions,
+method of procedure, and results, were just such as pertain to the same
+work in our own day. But then, as now, there was no truth nor good in it,
+as a brief review of the narrative will show. (1) Samuel was dead. (2)
+Saul was sore pressed by the Philistines. Verse 5. (3) God had departed
+from him. Verse 4. (4) He had cut off those who had familiar spirits and
+wizards, out of the land, because God had forbidden their presence in the
+Jewish theocracy, as an abomination. Verse 3; Lev. 19:31. (5) Yet in his
+extremity he had recourse to a woman with a familiar spirit, found at
+Endor. Verse 7. (6) She asked whom she should bring up, and Saul answered,
+Samuel. Verse 11. (7) Saul was disguised, but the familiar spirit told the
+woman it was Saul, and she cried out in alarm. Verse 12. (8) Saul
+reassured her, and the woman went on with the s�ance. Verse 10. (9) She
+announced a presence coming (not from heaven, nor the spheres, but) up out
+of the earth, and at Saul's request gave a description of him, showing
+that Saul did not himself see the form. Verse 13. (10) Saul "perceived"
+that it was Samuel (not by actual sight, but from the woman's description;
+for the Hebrew {~HEBREW LETTER YOD~}{~HEBREW LETTER RESH~}{~HEBREW LETTER AYIN~} and the Septuagint, {~GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH OXIA~}, signify to know, or
+perceive, by an operation of the mind.) Verse 14. (11) The woman supposed
+it was Samuel; Saul supposed it was Samuel; and that personation is, then,
+by the law of appearance, spoken of, in whatever it said or did, as
+Samuel; as, "Samuel said to Saul," etc. Verse 15. (12) Was Samuel really
+there as an immortal soul, a disembodied spirit, or as one raised from the
+dead?--No; because (_a_) immortal souls do not come up out of the ground,
+wrapped in mantles, and complain of being disquieted and brought up; (_b_)
+Samuel was a holy prophet, and if he was conscious in the spirit world, he
+would not present himself at the summons of a woman who was practicing
+arts which God had forbidden; (_c_) God having departed from Saul, and
+having refused to communicate with him on account of his sins, would not
+now suffer his servant Samuel to grant him the desired communication
+through a channel which he had pronounced an abomination; (_d_) Samuel was
+not present by a resurrection, for the Devil could not raise him, and God
+certainly would not, for such a purpose; besides Samuel was buried at
+Ramah, and could not be raised at Endor; (_e_) It was only the woman's
+familiar spirit, personating Samuel as he used to appear when alive--an
+aged man clothed with a mantle. His object was to make both the woman and
+Saul believe it was Samuel, when it was not, just as communicating spirits
+to-day try to palm themselves off for what they are not. As a specimen of
+ancient Spiritualism, this case is no particular honor to their cause; and
+as a proof of the immortality of the soul, and the conscious state of the
+dead, it is a minus quantity.
+
+8. _The Transfiguration._--Jesus took three of his disciples, Peter, James,
+and John, apart into a high mountain, and was transfigured before them;
+his face became as the sun, and his raiment was white as the light, just
+as it will be in the future kingdom of glory, which this scene was
+designed to represent. And there then appeared Moses and Elias talking
+with Christ. But Moses had died in the land of Moab nearly fifteen hundred
+years before, and it is at once concluded that the only way to account for
+his appearance on this occasion, is to suppose that he was still alive in
+the spirit world, and could appear in a disembodied state, and talk with
+Jesus as here represented. But such a conclusion is by no means necessary.
+Jesus was there in person, Elias was there in person; for he had not died,
+but had been translated bodily from this earth. Now it would be altogether
+incongruous to suppose that the third member of this glorious trio,
+apparently just as real as the others, was only a disembodied spirit; an
+immaterial phantom. Unless the whole scene was merely a vision brought
+before the minds of the disciples, Moses was as really there, in his own
+proper person, as Jesus and Elias. But there is no way in which he could
+thus be present, except by means of a resurrection from the dead; and that
+he had been raised, and was there as a representative of the resurrection,
+is proved, first by his actual presence on this occasion, and secondly, by
+the fact that Michael (Christ, who is "the resurrection and the life,"
+John 11:25) disputed with the Devil (who has the power of death, Heb.
+2:14) about the body of Moses. Jude 9. There could be no other possible
+ground of controversy about the body of Moses except whether or not Christ
+should give it life before the general resurrection. But Christ rebuked
+the Devil. Christ was not thwarted in this contest, but gave his servant
+life; and thus Moses could appear personally upon the mount. This makes
+the scene complete as a representation of the kingdom of God, as Peter
+says it was (2 Peter 1:16-18); namely, Christ the glorified King, Elias
+representing those who will be translated without seeing death, and Moses
+representing those who will be raised from the dead. These two classes
+embrace all the happy subjects of that kingdom. This view of the matter is
+not peculiar to this book. Dr. Adam Clarke, on Matt. 17:3, says: "The body
+of Moses was probably raised again, as a pledge of the resurrection."(2)
+And Olshausen says: "For if we assume the reality of the _resurrection of
+the body_, and its glorification,--truths which assuredly belong to the
+system of Christian doctrine,--the whole occurrence presents no essential
+difficulties. The appearance of Moses and Elias, which is usually held to
+be the most unintelligible point in it, is as easily conceived of as
+possible, if we admit their bodily glorification."
+
+Those passages which speak of Christ as the "first-fruits," the
+"first-born from the dead," the "first-born among many brethren," "of
+every creature," etc., refer only to the chief and pivotal importance of
+his own resurrection, as related to all others; and Acts 26:23 does not
+declare that Christ should be the first one to be raised from the dead,
+but that he first, by a resurrection from the dead, should show light to
+the Gentiles. (See the Greek of this passage.) These scriptures therefore
+prove no objection to the idea that Moses had been raised from the dead,
+and as a victor over the grave, appeared with Christ upon the mount. Thus
+another supposed stronghold affords no refuge for the conscious-state
+theory, or for Spiritualism.
+
+9. _The Rich Man and Lazarus._--With the features of this parable, as found
+in Luke 16, which is supposed to prove the dead conscious, and
+Spiritualism possible, the reader is doubtless familiar. It should ever be
+borne in mind that this is a parable; and in a parable, neither the
+parties nor the scenes are to be taken literally, and hence no doctrines
+can be built upon such symbolic representations. But not only is it a
+parable, but it is a parable based upon traditions largely entertained by
+the Jews themselves in the time of Christ. Thus T. J. Hudson ("Law of
+Psychic Phenomena," p. 385) says:--
+
+
+    "It is a historical fact, nevertheless, that before the advent of
+    Jesus, the Jews had become imbued with the Greek doctrine of
+    Hades, which was an intermediate waiting station between this life
+    and the judgment. In this were situated both Paradise and Gehenna,
+    the one on the right, and the other on the left, and into these
+    two compartments the spirits of the dead were separated, according
+    to their deserts. Jesus found this doctrine already in existence,
+    and in enforcing his moral precepts in his parables, he employed
+    the symbols which the people understood, neither denying nor
+    affirming their literal verity."
+
+
+Thus Christ appealed to the people on their own ground. He took the views
+and traditions which he found already among them, and arranged them into a
+parable in such a way as to rebuke their covetousness, correct their
+notions that prosperity and riches in this life are tokens of the favor
+and approbation of God, and condemn their departure from the teachings of
+Moses and the prophets. As a parable, it is not designed to show the state
+of the dead, and the conditions that prevail in the spirit world. But if
+any persist that it is not a parable, but a presentation of actual fact,
+then the scene is laid, not in the intermediate state, but beyond the
+resurrection; for it is after the angels had carried Lazarus into
+Abraham's bosom. But the angels do not bear any one anywhere away from
+this earth, till the second coming of Christ and the resurrection of the
+dead. Matt. 24:30, 31; 1 Thess. 4:15-17. Finding no support in this
+portion of scripture for the conscious-state theory, with its
+spiritualistic possibilities, appeal is next made by the friends of that
+theory to the case of--
+
+10. _The Thief on the Cross._--Luke 23:39-43. When one of the malefactors
+who were crucified with Jesus, requested to be remembered when he should
+come into his kingdom, according to the record in the common version, the
+Lord replied, "To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise." To go from death
+into paradise the same day, means to go into the spirit world without a
+body, or discarnated, as Spiritualists claim. And so it would be if such
+was Christ's promise to the thief; but it was not.
+
+The little adverb "to-day" holds the balance of power as to the meaning of
+this text. If it qualifies Christ's words, "Verily I say unto thee," it
+gives one idea; if it qualifies the words, "Thou shalt be with me in
+paradise," we have another and very different idea. And how shall the
+question of its relationship be decided?--It can be done only by the
+punctuation.
+
+Here another difficulty confronts us; for the Greek was originally written
+in a solid line of letters, without any punctuation, or even division into
+words. Such being the case, the punctuation, and the relation of the
+qualifying word "to-day," must be determined by the context. Now it is a
+fact that Christ did not go to paradise that day. He died, and was placed
+in the tomb, and the third day rose from the dead. Mary was the first to
+meet him, and sought to worship him. But he said, "Touch me not, for I am
+not yet ascended to my Father." John 20:17. Paradise is where the Father
+is (see 2 Cor. 12:2-4; Rev. 2:7; 22:1, 2), and if Christ had not been to
+his Father when Mary met him the third day after his crucifixion, he had
+not then been to paradise; therefore it is not possible that he made a
+promise to the thief on the day of his crucifixion, that he should be with
+him _that_ day in paradise.
+
+But further, the day of the crucifixion was the day before the Sabbath;
+and it was not lawful to leave criminals on the cross during that day.
+John 19:31. If they were still living when the time came to take them from
+the cross, they were taken down, and their legs were broken to prevent
+their escape. The soldiers on this occasion broke the legs of the two
+thieves, because they were still alive; "but when they came to Jesus and
+saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs." Verses 32, 33. The
+thief therefore lived over into the next day.
+
+Thus there are two absolutely insuperable objections against allowing the
+adverb, "to-day," to qualify Christ's promise, "Thou shalt be with me in
+paradise:" (1) Christ did not go to paradise that day; and (2) The thief
+did not die that day. Before these facts the conscious-state argument
+built upon this incident, vanishes into thin air. Just place the comma (a
+punctuation mark not invented till 1490) after "to-day" instead of before
+it, and let that word qualify the verb "say" and emphasize the time when
+it was spoken, and all is harmonious. The thief's request did not pertain
+to that day, but looked forward to the time when Christ should come into
+his kingdom; and Christ's promise did not pertain to that day, but to the
+time in the thief's request; so he did not falsify it by not going to his
+Father for three days afterward. The thief is quietly slumbering in the
+tomb; but Christ is soon coming into his kingdom. Then the thief will be
+remembered, be raised from the dead, and be with Christ in that paradise
+into which he will then introduce all his people. Thus all is as clear as
+a sunbeam, when the text is freed from the bungling tinkering of men.
+
+The strongest texts and incidents which are appealed to in defense of the
+conscious-state theory, have now been examined. If these do not sustain
+it, nothing can be found in the Bible which will sustain it. All are
+easily harmonized with these. Thus in Paul's desire to "depart and be with
+Christ" (Phil. 1:23), he does not there tell us _when_ he will be with
+Christ; but he does tell us in many other places; and it is at the
+resurrection and the coming of Christ. Phil. 3:11; 1 Thess. 4:16, 17. When
+he speaks of our being clothed upon with our house from heaven (2 Cor.
+5:2), he tells us that it is when "mortality" is "swallowed up of life."
+But that is only at the last trump. 1 Cor. 15:51-54. If we are told about
+the woman who had had seven husbands (Matt. 22:23-28), no hint is given of
+any reunion till after the resurrection. If God calls himself "not the God
+of the dead, but of the living" (Matt. 22:32), it is because he speaks of
+"those things that be not as though they were" (Rom. 4:17), and the
+worthies of whom this is spoken, are sure to live again (Heb. 11:15, 16),
+and hence are now spoken of as alive in his sight, because they are so in
+his purpose. Texts which speak of the departure and return of the soul
+(Gen. 35:18; 1 Kings 17:21, 22), are referable to the "breath of life,"
+which is the meaning of the word in these instances rendered "soul."
+
+Three passages only have been referred to, which declare positively that
+the dead know not anything. It was thought preferable to answer certain
+objections, before introducing further direct testimony. But there are
+many such passages, a few more of which will now be presented, as a
+fitting conclusion to this branch of the subject. The reader's careful
+attention is invited to a few of the various texts, and the conclusions
+that follow therefrom.
+
+1. _Death and Sleep._--Death, in numerous passages is compared to sleep, in
+contrast with the wakeful condition. See Ps. 13:3; Job 7:21; John 11:11;
+Acts 7:60; 1 Cor. 11:30; 15:51; 1 Thess. 4:14; etc. But there is only one
+feature in sleep by virtue of which it can be taken as a figure of death;
+and that is, the condition of unconsciousness which shuts up the avenues
+of one's senses to all one's environment. If one is not thus unconscious
+in death, the figure is false, and the comparison illogical and
+misleading.
+
+2. _Thoughts Perish._--So David testifies: "Put not your trust in princes,
+nor in the son of man, in whom there is no help. His breath goeth forth,
+he returneth to his earth; in that very day his thoughts perish." Ps.
+146:3, 4. The word "thoughts" does not here mean simply the projects and
+purposes one has in view, which do often fail, when the author of them
+dies, but it is from a root which means the act of thinking, the operation
+of the mind; and in death, that entirely ceases. It cannot therefore be
+the dead who come out of the unseen with such intelligence as is shown in
+Spiritualism.
+
+3. _Job's Statement._--Speaking of a dead man, Job (14:21) says: "His sons
+come to honor, and he knoweth it not; and they are brought low, but he
+perceiveth it not of them." If the dead cannot take cognizance of matters
+of so much interest as these, how can they communicate with the living as
+the spirits do?
+
+4. _No Remembrance of God._--David, in Ps. 6:5 and 115:17, again testifies:
+"For in death there is no remembrance of thee: in the grave who shall give
+thee thanks?" "The dead praise not the Lord, neither any that go down into
+silence." Is it possible that any righteous man, if he is living and
+conscious after going into the grave, would not praise and give thanks to
+the Lord?
+
+5. _Hezekiah's Testimony._--Hezekiah was sick unto death. Isa. 38:1. But he
+prayed, and the Lord added to his days fifteen years. Verse 5. For this he
+praised the Lord, and gave his reasons for so doing in the following words
+(verses 18, 19): "For the grave cannot praise thee, death cannot celebrate
+thee: they that go down into the pit cannot hope for thy truth. The
+living, the living, he shall praise thee, as I do this day." This is a
+clear affirmation that in death he would not be able to do what he was
+able to do while living.
+
+6. _New Testament Evidence._--The New Testament bears a corresponding
+testimony on this subject. None will be saved except such as Christ raises
+up at the last day. John 6:39, 40. No one is to receive any reward before
+the resurrection. Luke 14:14; 2 Tim. 4:8. No one can enter God's kingdom
+before being judged; but there is no execution of judgment before the
+coming of Christ. 2 Tim. 4:1; Acts 17:31; Luke 19:35; etc. If there is no
+avenue to a future life by a resurrection, then all who have gone down in
+death are perished. 1 Cor. 15:18. Such texts utterly forbid the idea of
+consciousness and activity, on the part of any of the human family, in
+death.
+
+This part of the subject need not be carried further. It has been dwelt
+upon so fully simply because of its determinate bearing on the question
+under discussion. Spiritualism rests its whole title to credence on the
+claim that the intelligences which manifest themselves are the spirits of
+the dead. The Bible says that they are _not_ the spirits of the dead. Then
+if the Bible is true, the whole system rests upon deception and falsehood.
+No one who believes this will tamper with Spiritualism. One cannot have
+Spiritualism and the Bible, too. One or the other must be given up. But he
+who still holds on to the theory that the dead are conscious, contrary to
+the testimony of the Scriptures has no shield against the Spiritualistic
+delusion, and the danger is that he will sooner or later throw the Bible
+away.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Four.
+
+
+THEY ARE EVIL ANGELS.
+
+
+As the Bible plainly shows what the spirits which communicate are _not_,
+it just as clearly reveals also what they _are_; so that in no particular
+is one left to conjecture or guesswork. There is an order of beings
+brought to view in the Scriptures, above man but lower than God or Christ,
+called "angels." No Bible believer questions the existence of such beings.
+It is sometimes asserted that angels are departed human spirits; but this
+cannot be; for they appear upon the stage of action before a single human
+being had died, or a disembodied spirit could have existed. When the world
+was created, Job declares that "the morning stars sang together, and all
+the sons of God shouted for joy." These are two of the names applied to
+these beings, but they are also known by a number of others. They are 167
+times called angels; 61 times, angel of the Lord; 8 times, angel of God;
+17 times, his angels; 41 times, cherub and cherubim. There are also such
+names as seraphim, chariots, God's hosts, watchers, holy ones, thrones,
+dominions, principalities and powers,--all referring to the different
+orders of these heavenly beings.
+
+A part of this host fell into sin, and thereby became evil, or fallen,
+angels. A reasonable statement of how this came about can be given, but no
+reason for the act itself. Sin cannot be explained. To explain it would be
+to give a reason for it; and to give a reason for it would be to excuse
+it; and then it would cease to be sin. In the beginning a condition
+existed which was in itself right and essential; but which nevertheless
+made sin possible. It is one of the inevitable conditions of the highest
+glory of God, that all his creatures should serve him from choice, under
+the law of love, and not by compulsion, as a machine, under the law of
+necessity. To secure this end, they must be made free moral agents. Thus
+to angels was given the freedom of the will, the same as to man. They were
+in a state of purity and happiness, with every condition favorable for a
+continuance in that condition; but in the free choices of their free
+wills, they of course had the power, if they should unaccountably see fit
+so to use it, to turn away from truth and right, and rebel against God.
+This some of them did. So we find Jude speaking of "the angels that kept
+not their first estate" (Jude 6), and Peter, of "the angels that sinned"
+(2 Peter 2:4); and these they further declare, were cast down to Tartarus,
+and are reserved in everlasting chains under darkness, unto the judgment
+of the great day.
+
+There must have been to this rebellion an instigator and leader; and we
+accordingly find the Bible speaking of such a personage; the whole company
+being described as "the Devil and his angels." Our Lord pointed out this
+leader in evil, and his work, in John 8:44: "Ye are of your Father the
+Devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the
+beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him.
+When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar and the
+father of it." This reveals the great facts in his case. He abode not in
+the truth. Then he was once in the truth; and as he is a liar, and the
+father of it, he was the first one to depart from truth and introduce
+falsehood and evil into the universe of God.
+
+In Isaiah (14:12-14) this being is addressed as Lucifer, or the day-star;
+and the prophet exclaims, "How art thou fallen from heaven, 0 Lucifer, son
+of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken
+the nations!" The following verses indicate that the nature of his
+transgression was self-exaltation and pride of heart: "For thou hast said
+in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above
+the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in
+the sides of the north: I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I
+will be like the Most High." Paul, in 1 Tim. 3:6, intimates that it was
+this pride that caused the ruin of this once holy being. Of an elder he
+says that he must not be a novice, "lest being lifted up with pride he
+fall into the condemnation of the Devil," or that sin for which the Devil
+was condemned.
+
+In Ezekiel 28, Satan is again spoken of under the pseudonym of "the prince
+of Tyrus." Verse 2 shows his pride: "Because thine heart is lifted up, and
+thou hast said, I am a God, I sit in the seat of God," etc. Verses 12-15
+describe his beauty, wisdom, and apparel, and his exalted office as a high
+cherub, before his sin and fall. Verse 15 reads: "Thou wast perfect in thy
+ways from the day thou wast created, till iniquity was found in thee."
+
+These passages give us a sufficient idea of the origin of Satan and how
+such an incarnation of evil has come to exist. The Tartarus into which he
+and his angels were cast, according to Peter, is defined by leading
+lexicographers, as meaning the dark, void, interplanetary spaces,
+surrounding the world. Using the serpent as a medium, this apostate angel,
+thus cast out, plied our first parents with his temptation by preaching to
+them the immortality of the soul, "Thou shalt not surely die," and alas!
+seduced them also into rebellion. The dominion which was given to Adam
+(Gen. 1:28), Adam thus alienated to Satan, by becoming his servant; for
+Paul says, "Know ye not, that to whom ye yield yourselves servants to
+obey, his servants ye are to whom ye obey?" Rom. 6:16. Now, consequently,
+such titles as "prince of this world," "prince of the power of the air,"
+"god of this world," etc., are applied to him, because he has by fraud
+usurped that place. John 14:30; Eph. 2:2; 2 Cor. 4:4. He, of course,
+employs "his angels" to co-operate with him in his nefarious work.
+
+Thus clearly do we have set before us just the agencies,--the Devil and his
+angels,--which are adapted, both by nature and inclination, to carry on
+just such a work as is seen in Spiritualism. But how do we know, some one
+may ask, but that Spiritualism is the work of the good angels?--We know
+that it is not, because good angels do not lie. They never would come to
+men, professing to be the spirits of their dead friends, and imitate and
+personate them to deceive, knowing that the mediums did not know, and
+could not ascertain that they were altogether another and different order
+of beings. But the evil angels, led by the father of lies, and cradled,
+and drilled, and skilled, and polished, in the school of lying, would be
+delighted to deceive men in this very way, by pretending to be their dead
+friends, and then by working upon their affections and love for the ones
+they could skilfully personate, bring them under their influence and lead
+them captive at their will.
+
+These evil angels are experts in deception. They have had six thousand
+years' experience. They are well acquainted with the human family. They
+can read character. They study temperament. They acquaint themselves
+minutely with personal history. They know a thousand things which only
+they and the individual they are trying to ensnare, are aware of. They
+know many things beyond the knowledge of men. They can easily carry the
+news of the decease of a friend, and the description of a death-bed scene,
+to other friends thousands of miles away, and months before the truth
+through ordinary channels can reach them, so that when it is verified,
+their influence over them may be increased. (See page 23.)
+
+There is nothing that has yet taken place, of however inexplicable a
+nature, and nothing which even the imagination may anticipate, which is
+not, and will not be, easily attributable to these unseen angels. They are
+lying spirits; for the fundamental principle on which they are acting is a
+lie; but they tell enough truth to sway and captivate the minds of men. It
+matters not how sacred the field in which they tread, nor how hallowed the
+associations which they invade, they press into every spot where it is
+possible, by spinning another thread, to strengthen their web of
+deception.
+
+And in what dulcet and siren tones they woo their victims to lay aside all
+resistance to their influence, to become receptive and passive, and yield
+themselves to their control; and when they have them thus helpless in
+their arms, they deliberately and cruelly instil into their minds the
+virus of ungovernable lust, the leprosy of unconquerable rebellion against
+the government of Heaven. That this language does not misrepresent nor
+slander them, will be shown from their own testimony, before the close of
+this book.
+
+The thought is not overlooked that many even of those who do not profess
+to be Spiritualists, deny the existence of any such being as a personal
+Devil, or of personal evil angels, his agents. He is no doubt well pleased
+with this, as such people can the more easily be made the victims of his
+wiles. But these same persons would no doubt acknowledge the existence, as
+real beings, of God, Christ, and the good angels. This fact being
+established, by parity of reasoning the Devil and his angels become real
+beings also. The same arguments which show that God and Christ exist as
+personal beings may be used to show that the Devil and his angels are
+personal beings also. He who denies that there is a personal Devil, must
+be prepared also to deny that there is a personal Christ. So far as the
+argument for personal existence is concerned, Christ and good angels stand
+on one side of the equation, and the Devil and his angels on the other;
+and whoever would rub out the one, must rub out the other also.
+
+Christ said that he "beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven." Luke
+10:18. John in the Revelation (12:7) beheld a war in heaven. "Michael
+[Christ] and his angels fought against the dragon [Satan]; and the dragon
+fought, and his angels." On the ground that there is no Devil, this would
+be a wonderful battle--Christ and his angels, who are real beings, fighting
+furiously against myths and nonentities which have not even the substance
+of a phantom.
+
+To endorse the doctrine of a personal Devil, is not to endorse the grossly
+absurd caricatures conjured up by morbid imaginations, and popular
+theology,--a being with bat's wings, horns, hoofs, and a dart-pointed tail.
+Yet upon such pictorial fables he doubtless looks with complacency; as
+they are calculated still further to destroy faith in his existence, and
+enable him the better to cover his tracks and carry on his work among men.
+Nevertheless the only rational hypothesis on which to account for the
+present condition of this world (which every one must admit is full of
+devilishness), the existence of evil, and the presence of sickness,
+suffering, and death, is the account the Bible gives us of fallen angels
+and fallen men. Unfallen angels are beings of mighty power. One of them
+slew in one night 185,000 Assyrians (2 Kings 19:35); and the one who
+appeared at the time of Christ's resurrection had a countenance like the
+lightning, and raiment white as snow, and before him the keepers of the
+tomb fell like dead men. Matt. 28:3, 4. A fall from their high estate,
+though it would impair their strength and power, cannot be supposed to
+have wholly deprived them of these qualities; therefore the fallen angels
+still have capabilities far superior to those of men. The only defense
+mankind has against them is found in Christ, who circumscribes their power
+(for they are kept in chains, 2 Peter 2:4), and makes provision by which
+we may resist them. Eph. 6:11; James 4:6-8; 1 John 5:18. The question why
+they are permitted to continue finds solution in the thought that God is
+consistently giving to sin time and opportunity to develop itself, fully
+show its nature, and manifest its works, to all created intelligences, so
+that when it shall finally be wiped out of existence, with all its
+originators, aiders, and abetters, as in God's purpose it is to be (Rev.
+20:14, 15; 2 Peter 3:7, 13; Rev. 5:13), there will ever after remain an
+object-lesson sufficient to safe-guard the universe against a repetition
+of the evil. Only some 6000 years are allotted to this work of evil; and
+6000 years are as nothing compared with eternity.
+
+
+
+
+Warnings Against Evil Spirits.
+
+
+The Scriptures plainly point out the working of these agents of
+wickedness, and warn us against them. In 1 Tim. 4:1, we read: "Now the
+Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from
+the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils." This
+shows that these spirits make it an object to seduce, or deceive, to draw
+men away from the true faith, and cause them to receive, instead, the
+doctrines they teach, which are called "doctrines of devils;" and this
+scripture is written to put men on their guard against them.
+
+Again Paul says: "For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against
+principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this
+world, against spiritual wickedness [margin, 'wicked spirits'] in high
+places." Eph. 6:12. And he adjures his readers to put on the whole armor
+of God to be able to resist them.
+
+The apostle Peter exhorts to the same purpose: "Be sober, be vigilant;
+because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about,
+seeking whom he may devour: whom resist steadfast in the faith." 1 Peter
+5:8, 9. If our ears do not deceive us, a good deal of this roaring is
+heard in the ranks of Spiritualists, where, by invisible rapping, agitated
+furniture, clairvoyance, clairaudience, writing, speaking, marvels, and
+wonders, he seeks to set the world on tiptoe of curiosity and expectation,
+and bewilder men into a departure from the faith and the acceptance of the
+doctrines of devils. He is cunning enough not to "roar" in a way to
+frighten and repel, but only to attract attention, and lead multitudes,
+through an overweening curiosity and wonder at the marvels, to come
+thoughtlessly within the sphere of his influence.
+
+The prophet Isaiah also has something to say directly upon this subject:
+"And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar
+spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter: should not a people
+seek unto their God? for the living to the dead?" Isa. 8:19. That is, is
+it consistent for living people to go to dead ones for their knowledge?
+The following verse shows where we should go for light and truth: "To the
+law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is
+because there is no light in them." The time has certainly come when many
+are saying just what the text points out, and seeking to the dead, to
+familiar spirits, and wizards, for knowledge. Those practices which in the
+Bible are enumerated as "charming," "enchantment," "sorcery,"
+"witchcraft," "necromancy," "divination," "consulting with familiar
+spirits," etc., are more or less related, and are all really from one
+source. So in modern times different names indicate substantially the same
+thing. Thus Mr. Hudson, in "Psychic Phenomena," p. v, says:--
+
+
+    "It has, however, long been felt by the ablest thinkers of our
+    time that all psychic manifestations of the human intellect,
+    normal or abnormal, whether designated by the name of mesmerism,
+    hypnotism, somnambulism, trance, spiritism, demonology, miracle,
+    mental therapeutics, genius, or insanity, are in some way
+    related."
+
+
+Seven, at least, of the foregoing names are no doubt in the warp and woof
+of Spiritualism; and he might have added mind-reading and Christian
+Science. And Spiritualists admit that their work is the same as that
+described by the Bible terms above quoted. Thus, Allen Putnam, a
+Spiritualistic writer, says:--
+
+
+    "The doctrine that the oracles, soothsaying, and witchcraft of
+    past ages were kindred to these manifestations of our day, I, for
+    one, most fully believe."
+
+
+In a pamphlet by the same author, entitled, "Mesmerism, Spiritualism,
+Witchcraft, and Miracle," p. 6, he says:--
+
+
+    "As seen by me now, Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, Miracles,
+    all belong to one family, all have a common root, and are
+    developed by the same laws."
+
+
+To all these, therefore, the text under notice (Isa. 8:19, 20) applies. We
+are to bring them to the standard of "the law and the testimony," and "if
+they speak not according to this word ... there is no light in them." The
+living should not seek to the dead.
+
+In Rev. 16:13, 14, the same spirits are again brought to view, and called
+"unclean spirits," and "spirits of devils." Their last work of deception
+is to go forth to the kings of the earth, and of the whole world, to
+gather them to the battle of the great day of God Almighty. Thus all that
+is revealed of them from beginning to end (and scriptures might be
+multiplied on the point) furnishes the most cogent reason why all should
+be keenly awake to their existence and their work, and be ever watchful
+against their influence and approach.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Five.
+
+
+WHAT THE SPIRITS TEACH.
+
+
+It has been shown in the preceding chapters that the unseen "controls"
+(the beings who control the mediums) in Spiritualism, are not the spirits
+of the dead, but are fallen angels or spirits of devils. This fact will be
+confirmed by a brief glance at some of their teachings; for we are to
+remember that if they speak not according to the law and the testimony
+there is no light in them. It matters not that what they teach may be
+supported by signs and wonders beyond the comprehension of the human mind.
+That is no guarantee of truth; for such phenomena are to be wrought, as
+will soon be shown, to prove a lie. The Lord anciently put his people on
+their guard in this respect. Deut. 13:1-3, 5: "If there arise among you a
+prophet, or a dreamer of dreams, and giveth thee a sign or a wonder, and
+the sign or the wonder come to pass, whereof he spake unto thee, saying,
+Let us go after other gods, which thou hast not known, and let us serve
+them; thou shalt not hearken unto the words of that prophet, or that
+dreamer of dreams: for the Lord your God proveth you, to know whether ye
+love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul." "And
+that prophet, or that dreamer of dreams, shall be put to death; because he
+hath spoken to turn you away from the Lord your God, ... out of the way
+which the Lord thy God commanded thee to walk in."
+
+Thus the fact that one who professed to be a prophet could perform a sign
+or wonder, showing his connection with some unseen power, was not enough
+to shield him from condemnation and punishment, if what he undertook to
+prove by that sign or wonder was contrary to the truth, and tended to lead
+away from God. The teaching of any system is an important part of the
+fruit it bears; and by that, according to our Lord's own rule, we are to
+judge it, and not by any power or mighty works connected with it, however
+wonderful they may be.
+
+"'Tis not the broad phylactery
+  Nor stubborn fasts, nor stated prayers
+That make us saints. We judge the tree
+  By what it bears."
+--_Alice Carey._
+
+It is therefore pertinent to look sufficiently at the teachings of the
+spirits to ascertain their character. Here we shall find some most
+damaging testimony; for--
+
+1. _They Deny God._--It is no pleasure to transcribe the utterances of
+practical atheism; yet enough should be given to show what they teach on
+the great fundamental principles of Christianity. At a s�ance, reported in
+the _Banner of Light_, July 11, 1868, the following questions were
+addressed to the spirits, and the accompanying answers received:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--It is said in the Bible that man is made in the image of
+    God. Please tell us what that image is.
+
+
+    "_Ans._--He is made in the image of everything that ever was, that
+    is, or that ever shall be. He holds within his caliber everything
+    that exists, that ever has existed, or that ever will exist. Now,
+    God is included in this. If he exists at all, he exists everywhere
+    (and we have taken in everything), every place, every name, every
+    condition. I believe that the human stands above all things else,
+    and holds within its embrace all the past, present, and future. In
+    this sense he is created and exists in the image of God.
+
+
+    "_Q._--What is God essentially?
+
+
+    "_A._--Everything. Essentially you are God, and I am God--the
+    flowers, the grass, the pebbles, the stars, the moon, the sun,
+    everything is God."
+
+
+The Devil, through the serpent in the garden, taught Adam and Eve that the
+soul is immortal, and has transfused the same idea very successfully
+through paganism, Romanism, and Protestantism; but he also said, "Ye shall
+be as gods;" and now, it seems, he is trying to make the world swallow
+this other leg of his falsehood; but by putting it forth under the form of
+the old pagan pantheism, that everything is God, and God is everything, he
+betrays the lie he uttered in Eden; for in that case, Adam and Eve were no
+more gods after they ate than they were before.
+
+Another s�ance, reported in the _Banner_ about twenty years later than the
+one quoted above, April 28, 1888; an inquirer addressed to the "spirits" a
+question about God, and received answer, a portion of which is presented
+below:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Some Spiritualists, I learn, believe in a God; otherwise
+    they would not pray to him--taking for granted that there is such a
+    being. Please enlighten us.
+
+
+    "_Ans._--We have yet to come in contact with a thorough
+    Spiritualist, one who understands something of spiritual life and
+    the revelations made by returning spirits, who directly believes
+    in a personal God. True, many Spiritualists and many returning
+    spirits offer their invocations to the 'Great Supreme Spirit of
+    all life and intelligence,' not because they expect to change the
+    order of law, or to come into direct communication with, or
+    nearness to, a Great Supreme Being, clothed in the image of man,
+    but because they desire to enter an atmosphere of harmony, to
+    uplift their own souls to a plane of thought which will bring
+    spiritual inspiration to their minds. We make a distinction
+    between that Great Supreme Overruling Force which we may call the
+    Superior Spirit of Intelligence, Wisdom, and Love, and the
+    personal Deity, clothed in the image of man, gigantic in stature,
+    jealous and revengeful by nature, which has been set up and
+    worshiped as the Christian Jehovah. We know of no Spiritualist--let
+    us repeat it--who believes in such a personal God; but we can
+    believe and accept the idea, though it may pass beyond almost our
+    finite comprehension, that there is a grand universal Spirit
+    permeating all forms of existence; that this great source of
+    light, of activity and vitality vibrates with intelligence, and
+    that it is superior to all organic forms, however grand they may
+    prove to be."
+
+
+The same views have been taught all along by the "spirits" of
+Spiritualism, as could be shown by extracts dating as far back as 1858,
+only ten years after the "Rochester Knockings." And though Spiritualism is
+now assuming more of the sedate speech of organized Christianity, the
+spirits do not modify their teaching in respect to God. In "Automatic, or
+Spirit, Writing," p. 148 (1896), are given many messages from the spirits
+through the mediumship of Mrs. S. A. Underwood, wife of the editor of the
+_Philosophical Journal_, Chicago. The "spirits" set forth their teaching
+in answer to questions by the medium, some of which have reference to God,
+though his name is not used. Thus on page 148, this conversation is
+given:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--You often in these communications speak of the binding
+    laws of spiritual life--that because of them you cannot give us
+    such and such information, etc. Now who makes those laws, and
+    whence came they, and how are they taught?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Thou say'st 'who'--therefore we cannot answer. Go back to
+    the first question and ask one at a time.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Well, who makes the laws?
+
+
+    "_A._--Spirits are not bondaged by _persons_.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Then how do you come to know those laws?
+
+
+    "_A._--Pharos will now answer. Spiritual laws are spiritually
+    perceived, as soon as the physical perceptions are got rid of.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Could you explain to us those laws?
+
+
+    "_A._--Courses of teaching from our side are as necessary for you
+    to understand even the rudimentary laws of Being, as courses in
+    your colleges; and guessed-at spirit knowledge from your bounded
+    view must always fail in accurate wording."
+
+
+It will be perceived that the answers to these questions are, from the
+beginning, evasive; but the real idea entertained clearly shines through
+the thin veil drawn over to conceal it. The questions pertain to the
+source, or authorship, of the "laws of spiritual life;" and this would
+generally be understood to be God. But on a technicality the spirits
+refuse to answer. The question is made plainer, and the answer is that
+"spirits are not bondaged by _persons_;" that is to say that spirits have
+nothing to do with personalities, and that no personal being has anything
+to do with those laws. There is therefore no God who formulates and
+promulgates them. No wonder the question followed, how they came to know
+these laws; and it was a very convenient answer that we will know when we
+get there and have lost all physical perceptions. A desire for some
+explanation of those laws is met with the not very satisfactory
+information that they (the spirits) would have to give those in our sphere
+a course of teaching, like a college course, before we could understand
+even the rudimentary laws of Being. The only thing clear in all this is
+that there is no God; at least no personal God such as the Bible reveals.
+To the "grand whole," whatever that may be, they give the name of the "All
+of Being." In answer to a question concerning "personalities," they are
+called "atoms emanating from the same source--parts of the great All of
+Being, partaking of the general characteristics of the grand whole."--_Page
+149._
+
+Reader, how does all this compare in your own mind with the God of the
+Bible, the Creator of all things, the loving Father of us all, who has for
+his creatures more tender regard and pity than a father can feel for his
+own children, whose very name and nature is Love, and who has purposed
+infinite good for all men, and will carry it out unless they, as free
+moral agents, by their own sin, prevent his doing for them what he desires
+to do? The Bible is not responsible for the aspersions cast upon God by a
+false theology, which misrepresent his character and give occasion for the
+charges of vindictiveness and vengeance and awful tyranny, so freely made
+by fallen angels and wicked men. They do not belong to him who is the
+source of all goodness and mercy; and we would labor to bring those who
+have perverted views of God back to a right conception of the great Friend
+of sinners, as he has revealed himself in his holy word.
+
+2. _They Deny Jesus Christ._--Christ is revealed as the divine Son of the
+Father; and to deny that he was or is any more than any other man is
+surely to deny him; and the scripture says that "whosoever denieth the
+Son, the same hath not the Father." 1 John 2:23. The following is what the
+"spirits" began to teach in the earliest stages of Spiritualism concerning
+Christ:--
+
+
+    "What is the meaning of the word Christ?--'Tis not, as generally
+    supposed, the Son of the Creator of all things. Any just and
+    perfect being is Christ. The crucifixion of Christ is nothing more
+    than the crucifixion of the spirit, which all have to contend with
+    before becoming perfect and righteous. The miraculous conception
+    of Christ is merely a fabulous tale."--_Spiritual Telegraph, No.
+    37._
+
+
+How fully does this declaration that any good man is Christ open the way
+for the fulfilment of the Saviour's prophecy that in the last days many
+false Christs and false prophets shall arise, and shall deceive many. See
+Matt. 24:24. A prospectus of the _Truth Seeker_ contained these words: "It
+shall be the organ through which the christs of the last dispensation will
+choose to speak."
+
+A little later, July 19, 1862, there was published in the _Banner of
+Light_ a lecture on Spiritualism by Mrs. C. L. V. Hatch, in which she
+spoke of Christ as follows:--
+
+
+    "Of Jesus of Nazareth, personally, we have but little to say.
+    Certain it is, we find sufficient that is divine in his life and
+    teachings, without professing to believe in the fables of
+    theologians respecting his birth and parentage. We are content to
+    take the simple record as it stands, and to regard him as the son
+    of Joseph and Mary, endowed with such purity and harmony of
+    character as fitted him to be the Apostle and Revelator of the
+    highest wisdom ever taught to man. It is the fundamental article
+    in the creed of modern Christianity, that Jesus was divine in his
+    nature, and of miraculous origin and nativity. Now, no human being
+    of ordinary intelligence, unwarped by educational bias, would ever
+    profess to believe in such a monstrous figment, which only shows
+    the blindness of superstitious prejudice."
+
+
+Here is something twenty-four years later. A s�ance reported in the
+_Banner of Light_, Oct. 9, 1886, gives the following questions and
+answer:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Do 'spirits' generally believe in the divinity of Jesus
+    Christ; that he was the Son of God; that he was crucified, dead,
+    and buried, and rose again the third day for the saving of all who
+    should believe in him?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--No; spirits generally--advanced spirits, those who are
+    intelligent, having studied deeply into the principles of life--do
+    not accept the theory of the divinity of Jesus Christ; they do not
+    believe that he was crucified for mankind, in the accepted
+    understanding of that term."
+
+
+Some years ago a class was formed in New York City for the purpose of
+investigating what is called the spiritual philosophy. Before that class,
+Dr. Weisse said:--
+
+
+    "Friend Orton seems to make rather light of the communications
+    from spirits concerning Christ. It seems, nevertheless, that all
+    the testimony received from advanced spirits only shows that
+    Christ was a medium and reformer in Judea; that he now is an
+    advanced spirit in the sixth sphere; but that he never claimed to
+    be God, and does not at present. I have had two communications to
+    that effect. I have also read some that Dr. Hare had. If I am
+    wrong in my views of the Bible, I should like to know it, for the
+    spirits and mediums _do not contradict me_."
+
+
+The peculiar insult here purposely offered to the Saviour will be
+appreciated when it is noted that at about the same time the spirits
+located Thomas Paine, the well-known skeptic, in the seventh sphere, one
+sphere above that of Christ. He must therefore have progressed very
+rapidly, seeing he so quickly surpassed Christ, who had over 1700 years
+the start of him.
+
+Before the same class Dr. Hare is reported to have spoken as follows,
+which we give without assuming any responsibility for the spiritual
+grammar therein exhibited:--
+
+
+    "He said that he had been thus protected from deception by the
+    spirits of Washington and Franklin, and that they had brought
+    Jesus Christ to him, with whom he had also communicated. He had
+    first repelled him as an impostor; but became convinced afterward
+    that it was really him. He related that he had learned from that
+    high and holy spirit, that he was not the character that
+    Christendom had represented him to be, and not responsible for the
+    errors connected with his name, but that he was, while on earth, a
+    medium of high and extraordinary powers, and that it was solely
+    through his mediumistic capabilities that he attained so great
+    knowledge, and was enabled to practice such apparent wonders."
+
+
+When Christ was upon earth, it was envy, jealousy, and malice that moved
+the Pharisees against him (Matt 27:18); and it seems that he is followed
+by the same feelings in the spirit world. This is natural; for he who
+fired the hearts of the Pharisees with their malignant spirit, is the same
+one, as we have seen, who is working through the powers of darkness in the
+unseen world to-day. Any way to degrade Christ in the minds of men to a
+level with, or below, the mediums of our time, and make it appear that
+they can do as great wonders as he, seems to be the object in view.
+
+There is plainly manifest an irrepressible desire on the part of spirits
+and mediums to show Christ to be inferior to the leaders of other great
+religions of the world, as Buddha, Confucius, Zoroaster, etc. Thus, at a
+seance held in 1864 (_Banner of Light_, June 4), the spirits were
+questioned as follows:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Have you ever seen Confucius or Zoroaster?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Yes, many times.
+
+
+    "_Q._--In the order of degree, which stands the higher in moral
+    excellence--Jesus Christ, Confucius, or Zoroaster?
+
+
+    "_A._--Confucius stands in morality higher than the other two....
+    Jesus himself claims to have been inspired to a large extent, by
+    this same Confucius. And if we are to place reliance upon the
+    records concerning each individual, we shall find that Jesus spoke
+    the truth when he tells us that he was inspired by Confucius."
+
+
+Indeed! Where are the records referred to? Where and when did Jesus
+"speak" the words attributed to him? And where does he tell _us_, that he
+was inspired by Confucius? So we are to believe, are we, that the gospel
+of Jesus Christ, is only a rehash of what was originally wrought out in
+the brain of Confucius, and not words fresh from the fountain of light
+given him by his Father in heaven, to speak, as he claimed them to be? Yet
+he was a high and _holy_ medium. We wonder what standard of holiness and
+perfection the spirits can have.
+
+But still later, in 1896, we find the spirits putting forth the same
+teaching in reference to Jesus Christ. In "Automatic, or Spirit Writing,"
+pp. 148, 149, we have this:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Do you accept Jesus as the model of spiritual knowledge?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Shall you give us a better example?
+
+
+    "_Q._--Well, we are willing to accept him as one of many, but not
+    as chief.
+
+
+    "_A._--Change the name. Call him by other names--Buddha, Krishna, or
+    Mohammed, the spirit is one--is ever and ever the same. Spirit is
+    one, not many, however often the name is changed.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Were not Jesus, Buddha, and Mohammed distinct personalities?
+
+
+    "_A._--No more than all atoms emanating from the same source--parts
+    of the great All of Being, partaking of the general
+    characteristics of the grand whole--but yielding to environments,
+    showed marked individualism, such as the force of the times in
+    which they appeared would create in their characters.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Are these leaders of religious thought not distinct
+    individualities now?
+
+
+    "_A._--No, not on spiritual planes, which do not recognize any
+    now."
+
+
+Thus they persist in denying that Jesus holds any pre-eminent position as
+a religious teacher. He may as well be called Buddha, Krishna, or Mohammed
+as Jesus. They are all the same spirit, all atoms of the great "All of
+Being," all as much alike as three drops of water from the same ocean, and
+what is more bewildering still, they have now all lost their individuality
+in the spirit world. How, then, can it be told that Christ is in the sixth
+sphere, and Paine in the seventh? Such teachers, though they may claim to
+be good spirits, are branded as antichrist by both John and Jude. John
+says: "Who is a liar but he that denieth that Jesus is the Christ? He is
+antichrist that denieth the Father and the Son." 1 John 2:22. Again,
+"Every spirit that confesseth not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh
+is not of God." 1 John 4:3. According to the spirits, Jesus Christ has no
+more come in the flesh than have Buddha, Mohammed, Confucius, Zoroaster,
+or any other religious teacher. They all simply yielded to their
+environments, and showed marked individualism while on this earth, and
+have now become absorbed in the "great whole" in the spirit world. Thus,
+as Jude says (verse 4), they deny "the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus
+Christ."
+
+So much for their denial of Christ in his person. They also deny him in
+his offices; for to deny and ridicule what he came to do, is one of the
+most effectual ways of denying him. The great work of Christ was the
+shedding of his blood to atone for the sins of the world; and the spirits
+are particularly bitter in denouncing that idea. If such sentiments were
+uttered only by open and professed scoffers, it would not do so much harm;
+but it is not unusual to find those bearing the title of "Reverend"
+descanting on these themes in a manner to show themselves antichrist,
+according to the definition of that term by John. And even this need not
+surprise us; for the sure word of prophecy has foretold that some who have
+once held the true faith will depart therefrom to give heed to seducing
+spirits, and doctrines of devils. 1 Tim. 4:1.
+
+One R. P. Wilson, to whose name is attached the ministerial title, in his
+lectures on "Spiritual Science," said:--
+
+
+    "Although as a believer in true spiritual philosophy, we cannot
+    receive the orthodox views of salvation, yet we recognize the
+    birth of a Saviour and Redeemer into the universal hearts of
+    humanity, _wherein truly the deity is incarnate_, dwelling in the
+    interior of man's spirit. We believe that each soul of man is born
+    with his or her Saviour within them; for as man is an embodiment
+    of the universe in epitome, he contains in his central nature an
+    incarnation of deity. The germ of immortal unfoldings resides
+    within the spirit of it, which needs only appropriate conditions
+    to call forth the expanding and elevating powers of the soul."
+
+
+In "Spiritual Science Demonstrated," p. 229, Dr. Hare said:--
+
+
+    "Since my spirit sister's translation to the spheres, she has
+    risen from the fifth to the sixth sphere. It has been alleged by
+    her that her ascent was retarded by her belief in the atonement."
+
+
+A "spirit" calling himself Deacon John Norton, as reported in the _Banner
+of Light_, said:--
+
+
+    "I used to believe in the atonement; I honestly believed that
+    Christ died to save the world, and that by and through his death
+    all must be saved if saved at all. Now I see that this is folly--it
+    cannot be so. The light through Christ, the Holy One, shone in
+    darkness; the darkness could not comprehend it; and thus it
+    crucified the body, and Christ died a martyr. He was not called in
+    that way, that by the shedding of his blood, the vast multitude
+    coming after him should find salvation. Everything in nature
+    proves this false. They tell me here that Christ was the most
+    perfect man of his time. I am told here also that he is worthy to
+    be worshiped, because of his goodness; and where man finds
+    goodness he may worship. God's face is seen in the violet, and man
+    may well worship this tiny flower."
+
+
+In the pantheism of Spiritualism, every object in nature, the tiny flower,
+the pebbles, the trees, the birds and bees, are worthy to be worshiped as
+much as Christ. In one breath the spirits extol him as a most perfect man,
+pre-eminent in goodness and worthy to be worshiped, and in the next, place
+him in a position which would make him the greatest fraud and impostor
+that ever lived. Such inconsistencies show that Christ is a miracle which
+evil men and evil angels know not how to dispose of.
+
+As they deny Christ, they must, logically, deny the doctrine of his second
+coming. This doctrine is made of especial importance and prominence in the
+New Testament. The nature of that coming, its manner, and the
+circumstances attending it are so fully described, that no one who adopts
+the Bible view can possibly be deceived by false christs. But the church
+and the world have been turned away from the true doctrine of the second
+advent, and the way is thus prepared for the great deceptions of the last
+days. Spiritualism is one of these, and claims that it is itself that
+second coming. Joel Tiffany, a former celebrated teacher of Spiritualism,
+has said:--
+
+
+    "I must look for the coming of my Lord in my own affection. He
+    must come in the clouds of my spiritual heavens, or he cannot come
+    for any benefit to me."
+
+
+And through Mrs. Conant, a famous medium of the early days of
+Spiritualism, the controlling spirit said:--
+
+
+    "This second coming of Christ means simply the second coming of
+    truths that are not themselves new, that have always existed....
+    He said, 'When I come again, I shall not be known to you.'
+    Spiritualism is that second coming of Christ."--_Banner of Light,
+    Nov. 18, 1865._
+
+
+But the Bible description of this event is, the revelation of the Lord
+himself in the clouds of heaven in the glory of the Father, the
+reverberating shout of triumph, the voice of the archangel, the trump of
+God, the flash of his presence like that of the lightning, the wailing of
+the tribes of the earth, as they thus behold him, while unprepared to meet
+him, and the resurrection of the righteous dead. And where and when have
+these inseparable accompaniments of that event been seen? They do not
+occur when a person is converted from sin, nor do they occur in the dying
+chamber, nor have they occurred in Spiritualism; and until they do take
+place, the second coming of Christ is not accomplished.
+
+Many seek to dispose of such testimony as this, by making it all
+figurative, or meeting it with a bold denial, as in the case of the
+resurrection of the body. And the way has been too well prepared for this
+condition of things, by much of the teaching of popular orthodoxy, which
+turns the early records of the Bible into childish allegory, perverts the
+true doctrine of the coming and kingdom of Christ, and denies the
+resurrection of the dead, by destroying its necessity through the
+immortality of the soul. On the vital point of the resurrection, Dr.
+Clarke makes this noteworthy remark:--
+
+
+    "One remark I cannot help making,--The doctrine of the resurrection
+    appears to have been thought of much more consequence among the
+    primitive Christians than it is _now_! How is this?--The apostles
+    were continually insisting on it, and exciting the followers of
+    God to diligence, obedience, and cheerfulness through it. And
+    their successors in the present day seldom mention it! So the
+    apostles preached, and so the primitive Christians believed; so we
+    preach and so our hearers believe. There is not a doctrine in the
+    gospel on which more stress is laid; and there is not a doctrine
+    in the present system of preaching which is treated with more
+    neglect."--_On 1 Corinthians 15_ (_original edition_).(3)
+
+
+In view of the way the Bible has been treated by its professed friends, it
+is no wonder that infidelity prevails, and Spiritualism prospers.
+
+3. _They Deny the Bible._--The denial of God and Christ, as set forth above
+is, of course, a denial of the Bible; and not much need therefore be added
+on this point. We quote only a few representative utterances. Doctor Hare
+("Spiritual Science Demonstrated," p. 209) says:--
+
+
+    "The Old Testament does not impart a knowledge of immortality,
+    without which religion were worthless. The notions derived from
+    the gospels are vague, disgusting, inaccurate, and difficult to
+    believe."
+
+
+As to the Old Testament, it would seem doubtful whether Mr. Hare ever read
+far enough to find (1) Job exclaiming: "For I know that my Redeemer
+liveth, and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth: and
+though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see
+God: whom I shall see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not
+another; though my reins be consumed within me" (or, as the margin reads:
+"My reins within me are consumed with earnest desire [for that day];") or
+(2) David: "I shall be satisfied, when I awake, with thy likeness;" or (3)
+Isaiah: "Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall they
+arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in the dust;" or (4) Ezekiel:
+"Behold, O my people, I will open your graves, and cause you to come up
+out of your graves;" or (5) Daniel: "Many of them that sleep in the dust
+of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and
+everlasting contempt;" and (6) Hosea: "I will ransom them from the power
+of the grave, I will redeem them from death." Job 19:25-27; Ps. 17:15;
+Isa. 26:19; Eze. 37:12; Dan. 12:2; Hosea 13:14. And as for the New
+Testament, it is no doubt "disgusting" to many Spiritualists to read that
+"the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and
+whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, shall have
+their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the
+second death;" and that without the city "are dogs, and sorcerers, and
+whoremongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whosoever loveth and
+maketh a lie." Rev. 21:8; 22:15.
+
+Communications from spirits are offered in place of the Bible as a better
+source of instruction, the Bible being denounced, as above quoted, as
+"vague, inaccurate, and difficult to believe." A brief comparison of the
+two will furnish pertinent evidence on this point. Take, on the Bible
+side, for example, a portion of the record of creation (Gen. 1:1-5):--
+
+
+    "In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. And the
+    earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face
+    of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the
+    waters. And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. And
+    God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light
+    from the darkness. And God called the light Day, and the darkness
+    he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first
+    day."
+
+
+The facts stated in this record, the profoundest minds can never
+comprehend; the language in which they are expressed, a little child can
+understand. The statements are plain and simple, a perfect model of
+perspicuous narrative. Place by the side of this an account of the same
+event, as given us from the "spheres." The spirits have undertaken to
+produce a new Bible, beginning, like the old, with the creation; and this
+is the way it starts out, through the mediumship of "Rev." T. L. Harris:--
+
+
+    "1. In the beginning God, the Life in God, the Lord in God, the
+    Holy Procedure, inhabited the dome, which, burning in magnificence
+    primeval, and revolving in prismatic and undulatory spiral,
+    appeared, and was the pavilion of the Spirit: In glory
+    inexhaustible and inconceivable, in movement spherical, unfolded
+    in harmonious procedure disclosive.
+
+
+    "2. And God said, Let good be manifest! and good unfolded and
+    moral-mental germs, ovariums of heavens, descended from the
+    Procedure. And the dome of disclosive magnificence was heaven, and
+    the expanded glory beneath was the germ of creation. And the
+    divine Procedure inbreathed upon the disclosure, and the
+    disclosure became the universe."
+
+
+We will inflict no more of this "undulatory spiral" nonsense on the
+reader. He now has both records before him, and can judge for himself
+which is the more worthy of his regard. There have been Spiritualists who,
+writing in their normal state, and not yet fully divorced from the
+influence of their former education, have acknowledged the authenticity of
+the Bible, and the doctrines of Jesus as recorded in the gospels. But
+these, it is claimed, are to be understood according to a spiritual
+meaning which underlies the letter; and this spiritual meaning generally
+turns out to be contrary to the letter, which is a virtual denial of the
+record itself. But the quotations here given (only a specimen of the
+multitudes that might be presented) are given on the authority of the
+"spirits," whose teachings are what we wish to ascertain.
+
+
+
+
+They Deny All Distinction Between Right And Wrong.
+
+
+There is implanted in the hearts of men by nature, a sense of right and a
+sense of wrong. Even those who know not God, nor Christ, nor the gospel,
+possess this power of discrimination. This is what Paul, in Rom. 2:15,
+calls "the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience also
+bearing witness, and their thoughts the meanwhile accusing or else
+excusing one another." That this distinction should now be denied by a
+class in a civilized community, professing to be advanced thinkers and
+teachers, among whom are found the learned, the refined, and the
+professedly pious, shows that we have fallen upon strange times. To be
+sure, many of them talk fluently of the beauty and perfection of divine
+laws; but in the sense in which they would have them understood, they rob
+them of all characteristics of law. The first great essential of law is
+authority; but this they take away from it; the next is penalty for its
+violation; but this they deny, and thus degrade the law to a mere piece of
+advice. The "Healing of the Nations," an authoritative work among
+Spiritualists, pp. 163, 164, says:--
+
+
+    "Thus thy body needs no laws, having been in its creation supplied
+    with all that could be necessary for its government. Thy spirit is
+    above all laws, and above all essences which flow therein. God
+    created thy spirit from within his own, and surely the Creator of
+    law is above it; the Creator of essences must be above all essence
+    created. And if thou hast what may be or might be termed laws,
+    they are always subservient to thy spirit. Good men need no laws,
+    and laws will do bad or ignorant men no good. If a man be above
+    law, he should never be governed by it. If he be below, what good
+    can dead, dry words do him?
+
+
+    "True knowledge removeth all laws from power by placing the spirit
+    of man above it."
+
+
+A correspondent of the _Telegraph_ said of this work, "The Healing of the
+Nations:"--
+
+
+    "According to its teaching, no place is found in the universe for
+    divine wrath and vengeance. All are alike and forever the object
+    of God's love, pity, and tender care--the difference between the
+    two extremes of human character on earth, being as a mere atom
+    when compared with perfect wisdom."
+
+
+This is a favorite comparison with them,--that the difference between God
+and the best of men is so much greater than the extremes of character
+among men,--the most upright and the most wicked,--that the latter is a mere
+atom, and not accounted of in God's sight. That there is an infinite
+difference between God and the best of men, is all true; for God is
+infinite in all his attributes, and man is very imperfect at the best. But
+to argue from this that God is inferior to man, so that he cannot discern
+difference in character here, even as man can plainly discern it, seems
+but mad-house reasoning. What would we think of the man who had the same
+regard for the thief as for the honest man, for the murderer as for the
+philanthropist? To ignore such distinctions as even men are able to
+discern would destroy the stability of all human governments; what then
+would be the effect on the divine government? God has given his law--holy,
+just, and good--to men, and commanded obedience. He has attached the
+penalty to disobedience: "The soul that sinneth, it shall die," "The wages
+of sin is death." Eze. 18:20; Rom. 6:23. And in the judgment, the
+distinction God makes in character will be plainly declared; for he will
+set the righteous on his right hand, but the wicked on the left. Matt.
+25:32, 33.
+
+This view of the failure of law, and the absence of all human
+accountability, naturally leads to a bold denial of sin and the existence
+of crime. The "Healing of the Nations," p. 169, says: "Unto God there is
+no error; all is comparatively good." The same work says that God views
+error as "undeveloped good." A. J. Davis ("Nature of Divine Revelation,"
+p. 521) says: "Sin, indeed, in the common acceptation of that term, does
+not really exist."
+
+A discourse from J. S. Loveland, once a minister, reported in the _Banner
+of Light_, contained this paragraph:--
+
+
+    "With God there is no crime; with man there is. Crime does not
+    displease God, but it does man. God is in the darkest crime, as in
+    the highest possible holiness. He is equally pleased in either
+    case. Both harmonize equally with his attributes--they are only
+    different sides of the same Deity."
+
+
+In "Automatic Writing" (1896), p. 139, a question was asked concerning
+evil, meaning sin and crimes among men. The spirit answered that these
+were conditions of progress, and were so necessary to elevation that they
+were to be welcomed, not hated. The questions and answers are as follows:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Can you give us any information in regard to the
+    so-called Devil--once so firmly believed in?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Devil is a word used to conjure with.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Well, then, as the word itself doubtless arose from the word
+    'evil,' which means to us unhappiness, can you give us an
+    explanation of the existence of evil?
+
+
+    "_A._--Evil--as you who are the greatest sufferers from it, name one
+    of the conditions of progress--is as necessary, aye, more so, than
+    what you call good, to your and our elevation to higher spheres.
+    It is not to be hated, but welcomed. It is the winnowing of the
+    grain from the chaff. Children of truth, don't worry over what to
+    you seems evil; soon you will be of us and will understand, and be
+    rejoiced that what you call evil persists and works as leaven in
+    the great work of mind versus matter.
+
+
+    "_Q._--But it seems to us impossible that brutal crimes like
+    murder, assassinations, or great catastrophes, by which the
+    innocent are made to suffer at the hands of malicious and cruel
+    persons, should work for ultimate good?
+
+
+    "_A._--Percipients of the grand whole of Being can understand but
+    may not state to those on your plane, the underlying good making
+    itself asserted even through such dreadful manifestations of human
+    imperfections as the crimes you name.
+
+
+    "When asked why certain wrongs were allowed to be perpetuated,
+    this answer was given:--
+
+
+    "There is a law of psychical essence which makes necessary all
+    these ephemeral entanglements which to you seem so severe, and you
+    will yet see from your own standpoint of reason why such hardships
+    must be endured by questioning souls on the highway of progress.
+
+
+    "_Q._--But do you from your vantage ground of larger knowledge grow
+    careless that such injustice is done?
+
+
+    "_A._--We do care, but cannot remedy.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Why can't you remedy?
+
+
+    "_A._--Because humanity is but an embryo of existence.
+
+
+    "_Q._--If you can perceive the trials and sorrows of mortals, and
+    can interfere to save them, why do you not more often do so?
+
+
+    "_A._--When undeveloped souls pay the price of development, we
+    stand aloof, and let the play go on. Interference will do no
+    good."
+
+
+In view of such a confession, what becomes of the many claims put forth by
+other spirits that they are ever hovering near their friends to assist and
+guard them, to help and inspire them, and keep them from evil and danger?
+These say that those terrible crimes (and this would include all crimes)
+are all necessary, that they are tending to develop souls, and bring them
+to higher spheres, and thus are just as laudable as good actions; so they
+settle back in a gleeful mood, and "let the play go on;" let wicked men
+cultivate and develop and practice their evil propensities, and the
+innocent suffer. Well may men pray to be delivered from such a spirit
+assembly as that.
+
+In "Healing of the Nations," p. 402, Dr. Hare says:--
+
+
+    "That anything should, even for an instant, be contrary to his
+    will, is inconsistent with his foresight and omnipotency. It would
+    be a miracle that anything counter to his will should exist."
+
+
+A lecture on the "Philosophy of Reform," given by A. J. Davis, in New York
+City, bears testimony to the same effect:--
+
+
+    "In the Hebrew and Christian Scriptures, it is affirmed that sin
+    is the transgression of the law. But by an examination of nature,
+    the true and only Bible, it will be seen that this statement is
+    erroneous. It gives a wrong idea of both man and law.... It will
+    be found impossible for man to transgress a law of God."
+
+
+Thus they very illogically assume that if God has the will or the power to
+prevent evil, it could not exist, and therefore, if there is such a God,
+he is responsible, forgetting that God is long-suffering, and bears long
+with vessels of wrath fitted for destruction, before they pass beyond the
+limits of his mercy and perish. But Mr. Davis says further:--
+
+
+    "Reformers need to understand that war is as natural to one stage
+    of human development as peace is natural to another. My brother
+    has the spirit of revenge. Shall I call him a demon? Is not his
+    spirit natural to his condition? War is not evil or repulsive
+    except to a man of peace. Who made the non-resistant? Polygamy is
+    as natural to one stage of development as oranges are natural to
+    the South. Shall I grow indignant, and because I am a monogamist,
+    condemn my kinsman of yore? Who made him? Who made me? We both
+    came up under the confluence of social and political
+    circumstances; and we both represent our conditions and our
+    teachers. The doctrine of blame and praise is natural only to an
+    unphilosophical condition of mind. The spirit of complaint--of
+    attributing 'evil' to this and that plane of society--is natural;
+    but is natural only to undeveloped minds. It is a profanation--a
+    sort of atheism of which I would not be guilty."
+
+
+The Bible says, "Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that
+put darkness for light and light for darkness." Isa. 5:20. And it makes
+another declaration which finds abundant confirmation in the sentiments
+quoted above: "Because sentence against an evil work is not executed
+speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to
+do evil." Eccl. 8:11.
+
+Having thus attempted to destroy in the minds of men all distinction
+between good and evil, all being alike in God's sight, and all equally
+good, they try to make the way a little broader and easier for men to give
+full rein to all the propensities and inclinations of an evil heart, by
+teaching that there is no Lawgiver and Judge before whom men must appear
+to give an account of their deeds, but that they are responsible to
+themselves alone, and must give account only to their own natures. Thus
+Hon. J. B. Hall, in a lecture reported in the _Banner of Light_, Feb. 6,
+1864, said:--
+
+
+    "I believe that man is amenable to no law not written upon his own
+    nature, no matter by whom given.... By his own nature he must be
+    tried--by his own acts he must stand or fall. True, man must give
+    an account to God for all his deeds; but how?--Solely by giving
+    account to his own nature--to himself."
+
+
+At a s�ance reported in the _Banner of Light_, May 28, 1864, the following
+question was proposed, and the answer was by the communicating spirit:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--To whom or to what is the soul accountable?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--To no Deity outside the realm of its own being, certainly;
+    to no God which is a creation of fancy; to no Deity who dwells in
+    a far-off heaven, and sits upon a white throne; to no Jesus of
+    Nazareth; to no patron saint; to no personality; to no principle
+    outside our own individual selves."
+
+
+The "Healing of the Nations," p. 74, says:--
+
+
+    "Man is his own saviour, his own redeemer. He is his own judge--in
+    his own scales weighed."
+
+
+A little over twenty years after the birth of Spiritualism, Aug. 25, 1868,
+the Fifth National Convention of Spiritualists was held in Corinthian
+hall, Rochester, N. Y., at which a formal "Declaration of Principles" was
+set forth. From the seventh and eighth paragraphs, under principle 20, we
+quote the following:--
+
+
+    "_Seventh_, To stimulate the mind to the largest investigation ...
+    that we may be qualified to _judge for ourselves_ what is right
+    and true. _Eighth_, To deliver from _all bondage to authority_,
+    whether vested in _creed_, _book_, or _church_, except that of
+    received truth."
+
+
+This is the same principle of man's responsibility to no one but himself,
+authoritatively adopted. What a picture have we now before us! Destroy
+man's belief in, and reverence for, God and Christ, as they do; lead him
+to ridicule the atonement, the only remedy for sin; make him disbelieve
+the Bible; take away from his mind all distinction between right and
+wrong, and assure him that he is accountable to no one but himself; and
+how better could one prepare the way to turn men into demons. All this the
+spirits, by their teaching, seek to do. And can any one fail to foresee
+the result? Comparatively a small proportion of the inhabitants of this
+country have committed themselves to these views; consequently but little
+of the legitimate fruit as yet appears; but take human nature as it is and
+suppose all the inhabitants of this land to act on these principles, and
+then what would we have?--A pandemonium, a scene of anarchy, riot,
+bloodshed, and all depths of rottenness and corruption--in short, a hell so
+much worse than that to which the Devil is popularly assigned, that he
+would at once change his location and here take up his abode.
+
+That this statement is none too strong, will appear as we look a moment at
+some of the results which have already developed themselves among the
+friends of such views, and as their inevitable fruit. The tendency can by
+no possibility be otherwise than to atheism and all immorality. As has
+been already remarked, the repulsive features were made much more
+prominent in the early stages of Spiritualism than at the present time.
+They are now held in the background. The literature touching these points
+has been remodeled, and an air of respectability and religion assumed.
+Most of the quotations therefore date some years back, and would be
+charitably withheld were there any evidence of reform either present or
+prospective. But where or when have these principles ever been officially
+repudiated, and evidence given that the consequent practices had been
+abandoned? That there are many Spiritualists of upright and moral lives,
+and honorable members of society, in the best sense of that term, we
+gladly believe; but is not this because they are living above their
+principles; and due, not to the influence, but rather to the non-influence
+of real Spiritualism upon their lives? The quotations given are from those
+who have been prominent among Spiritualists as authors and speakers. If
+they overdraw the picture, the responsibility is with them. Dr. B. P.
+Randolph, author of a work "Dealings with the Dead," was eight years a
+medium, then renounced Spiritualism long enough to expose its character,
+then returned to it again, unable to break entirely away from the spell it
+has fastened upon him. He gives his opinion of it in the following
+scathing words:--
+
+
+    "I enter the arena as the champion of common sense, against what
+    in my soul I believe to be the most tremendous enemy of God,
+    morals, and religion, that ever found foothold on the earth;--the
+    most seductive, hence the most dangerous, form of sensualism that
+    ever cursed a nation, age, or people. I was a medium about eight
+    years, during which time I made three thousand speeches, and
+    traveled over several different countries, proclaiming its new
+    gospel. I now regret that so much excellent breath was wasted, and
+    that my health of mind and body was well nigh ruined. I have only
+    begun to regain both since I totally abandoned it, and to-day had
+    rather see the cholera in my house, than be a spiritual medium.
+
+
+    "As a trance speaker, I became widely known; and now aver that
+    during the entire eight years of my mediumship, I firmly and
+    sacredly confess that I had not the control of my own mind, as I
+    now have, one twentieth of the time; and before man and high
+    heaven I most solemnly declare that I do not now believe that
+    during the whole eight years, I was sane for thirty-six
+    consecutive hours, in consequence of the trance and the
+    susceptibility thereto.
+
+
+    "For seven years I held daily intercourse with what purported to
+    be my mother's spirit. I am now fully persuaded that it was
+    nothing but an evil spirit, an infernal demon, who, in that guise,
+    gained my soul's confidence, and led me to the very brink of ruin.
+    We read in Scripture of demoniac possession, as well as abnormal
+    spiritual action. Both facts exist, provable to-day; I am positive
+    the former does. A. J. Davis and his clique of Harmonialists say
+    there are no evil spirits. I emphatically deny the statement. Five
+    of my friends destroyed themselves, and I attempted it, by direct
+    spiritual influences. Every crime in the calendar has been
+    committed by mortal movers of viewless beings. Adultery,
+    fornication, suicides, desertions, unjust divorces, prostitution,
+    abortion, insanity, are not evils, I suppose. I charge all these
+    to this scientific Spiritualism. It has also broken up families,
+    squandered fortunes, tempted and destroyed the weak. It has
+    banished peace from happy families, separated husbands and wives,
+    and shattered the intellect of thousands."
+
+
+The following is an extract from the writings of J. F. Whitney, editor of
+the New York _Pathfinder_. His view of the subject accords with that of
+Dr. Randolph:--
+
+
+    "Now, after a long and constant watchfulness, seeing for months
+    and for years its progress and its practical workings upon its
+    devotees, its believers, and its mediums, we are compelled to
+    speak our honest conviction, which is, that the manifestations
+    coming through the acknowledged mediums, who are designated as
+    rapping, tipping, writing, and entranced mediums, have a baneful
+    influence upon believers, and create discord and confusion; that
+    the generality of these teachings inculcate false ideas, approve
+    of selfish individual acts, and endorse theories and principles,
+    which, when carried out, debase and make men little better than
+    the brute. These are among the fruits of Modern Spiritualism, and
+    we do not hesitate to say that we believe if these manifestations
+    are continued to be received, and to be as little understood as
+    they are, and have been since they made their appearance at
+    Rochester, and mortals are to be deceived by their false,
+    fascinating, and snakelike charming powers, which go with them,
+    the day will come when the world will require the appearance of
+    another Saviour to redeem the world from its departing from
+    Christ's warnings.... Seeing, as we have, the gradual progress it
+    makes with its believers, particularly its mediums, from lives of
+    morality to those of sensuality and immorality, gradually and
+    cautiously undermining the foundation of good principles, we look
+    back with amazement to the radical change which a few months will
+    bring about in individuals; for its tendency is to approve and
+    endorse each individual act and character, however good or bad
+    these acts may be....
+
+
+    "We desire to send forth our warning voice, and if our humble
+    position as the head of a public journal, our known advocacy of
+    Spiritualism, our experience, and the conspicuous part we have
+    played among its believers, the honesty and the fearlessness with
+    which we have defended the subject, will weigh anything in our
+    favor, we desire that our opinions may be received, and those who
+    are moving passively down the rushing rapids to destruction should
+    pause, ere it be too late, and save themselves from the blasting
+    influence which those manifestations are causing."
+
+
+Every one who knows anything about Spiritualism has heard of Cora Hatch,
+who traveled extensively, and manifested her powers as an extemporaneous
+lecturer before astonished multitudes. One of her husbands, Dr. Hatch,
+renounced Spiritualism, and the following is from the testimony he bore
+concerning it:--
+
+
+    "The most damning iniquities are everywhere perpetrated in
+    spiritual circles, a very small percentage of which ever comes to
+    public attention. I care not whether it be spiritual or mundane,
+    the facts exist, and should demand the attention and condemnation
+    of an intelligent community.... The abrogation of marriage,
+    bigamy, accompanied by robbery, theft, rape, are all chargeable
+    upon Spiritualism. I most solemnly affirm that I do not believe
+    that there has, during the last five hundred years, arisen any
+    people who are guilty of so great a variety of crimes and
+    indecencies as the Spiritualists of America.
+
+
+    "For a long time I was swallowed up in its whirlpool of
+    excitement, and comparatively paid but little attention to its
+    evils, believing that much good might result from the opening of
+    the avenues of Spiritual intercourse. But during the past eight
+    months I have devoted my attention to critical investigation of
+    its moral, social, and religious bearing, and I stand appalled
+    before the revelations of its awful and damning realities."
+
+
+Much testimony of this nature might be given from those who have had
+similar experiences and equally favorable facilities for judging of the
+character of Spiritualism. We present only a few extracts more.
+
+Dr. Wm. B. Potter of New York, in an article under the head of "Astounding
+Facts," and also in a tract entitled, "Spiritualism as It Is," gives the
+result of his experience and observations. His testimony is the more
+valuable, since he writes not from the standpoint of one who has renounced
+Spiritualism, whose feelings may for the time be overwrought, and his
+language stronger than would be used in calmer moments. When he wrote, he
+was still an advocate of Spiritualism, and spoke as a friend who would, if
+possible, induce Spiritualists to reform their faith and their manner of
+living. He says:--
+
+
+    "Fifteen years of critical study of Spiritual literature, an
+    extensive acquaintance with the leading Spiritualists, and a
+    patient, systematic, and thorough examination of the
+    manifestations for many years, enable us to speak from actual
+    knowledge, definitely and positively, of 'Spiritualism as It Is.'
+    Spiritual literature is full of the most insidious and seductive
+    doctrines, calculated to undermine the very foundations of
+    morality and virtue, and lead to the most unbridled
+    licentiousness.
+
+
+    "We are told that 'we must have charity,' that it is wrong to
+    blame any one, that we must not expose iniquity, as 'it will
+    harden the guilty,' that 'none should be punished,' that 'man is a
+    machine, and not to blame for his conduct,' that 'there is no
+    high, no low, no good, no bad,' that 'sin is a lesser degree of
+    righteousness,' that 'nothing we can do can injure the soul or
+    retard its progress,' that 'those who act the worst will progress
+    the fastest,' that 'lying is right, slavery is right, murder is
+    right, adultery is right,' that 'whatever is, is right.'
+
+
+    "Hardly can you find a Spiritualist book, paper, lecture, or
+    communication that does not contain some of these pernicious
+    doctrines; in disguise, if not openly. Hundreds of families have
+    been broken up, and many affectionate wives deserted by
+    'affinity-seeking' husbands. Many once devoted wives have been
+    seduced, and left their husbands and tender, helpless children, to
+    follow some 'higher attraction.' Many well-disposed but
+    simple-minded girls have been deluded by 'affinity' notions, and
+    led off by 'affinity hunters,' to be deserted in a few months,
+    with blasted reputations, or led to deeds still more dark and
+    criminal, to hide their shame."
+
+
+The same writer also mentions a fact which shows where the responsibility
+of all this looseness of morals belongs. He says:--
+
+
+    "At the National Spiritual Convention at Chicago, called to
+    consider the question of a national organization, the only plan
+    approved by the committee, especially provided that no charge
+    should ever be entertained against any member, and that any
+    person, without any regard to his or her moral character, might
+    become a member."
+
+
+The fact that no plan could find approval which did not provide that they
+should never be blamed nor called to account for any of their deeds, shows
+on what points they felt the most anxious, and plainly proves that they
+belong to the class of which Christ spoke, who loved darkness rather than
+light, and who would not come to the light lest their deeds should be
+reproved. John 3:19-21.
+
+It is unpleasant to wade through pools of filth, and we therefore spare
+the reader quotations from those Spiritualists who have not only avowed
+the most revolting practices of free love, but openly advocated the same,
+and endeavored to induce others to come out likewise, on the ground that
+they were only honestly and publicly admitting what the others believed
+and practiced in secret. For the same reason we pass by the notorious
+Woodhull and Claflin, and Hull and Jamieson episodes, in this field,
+which, in the illustration and language of another, "burst upon the
+country like a rotten egg three thousand miles in diameter!"
+
+It may be said that these things are in the past and the situation has now
+greatly changed. For the benefit of those who thus flatter themselves we
+introduce one more quotation. It is from "The Law of Psychic Phenomena,"
+by T. J. Hudson (A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago, 1894). The language is
+candid and conciliatory, and the author cannot be accused of any undue
+prejudice on the question of which he speaks. On page 335, he says:--
+
+
+    "I do not charge Spiritualists as a class with being advocates of
+    the doctrines of free love. On the contrary, I am aware that, as a
+    class, they hold the marriage relation in sacred regard. I cannot
+    forget, however, that but a few years ago some of their leading
+    advocates and mediums proclaimed the doctrine of free love in all
+    its hideous deformity from every platform in the land. Nor do I
+    fail to remember that the better class of Spiritualists everywhere
+    repudiated the doctrine, and denounced its advocates and
+    exemplars. Nevertheless the moral virus took effect here and there
+    all over the country, and it is doing its deadly work in secret in
+    many an otherwise happy home. And _I charge a large and constantly
+    growing class of professional mediums with being the leading
+    propagandists_ of the doctrine of _free love_. They infest every
+    community in the land, and it is well known to all men and women
+    who are dissatisfied or unhappy in their marriage relations, that
+    they can always find sympathy by consulting the average medium,
+    and can, moreover, find justification for illicit love by invoking
+    the spirits of the dead through such mediums."
+
+
+We have italicized that passage in the foregoing which shows that the
+deadly evil is still working in secret, and that a large and constantly
+growing number of professionals are aiding and abetting the iniquity.
+
+
+
+
+Dangers Of Mediumship.
+
+
+A few testimonies will show that when one gives himself or herself up to
+the control of the spirits, such ones take a most perilous position. The
+spirits insist on their victims becoming passive, ceasing to resist, and
+yielding their whole wills to them. Some of their persuasive words are
+these: "Come in confidence to us;" "Let our teachings deeply impress you;"
+"You must not doubt what we say;" "Learn of us;" "Obey our directions and
+you will be benefited;" "Seek to obtain knowledge of us;" "Have faith in
+us;" "Fear not to obey;" "Obey us and you will be greatly blessed;" etc.,
+etc. Mesmerists operate in the same way. They gain control of their
+subjects in the same way that the spirits mesmerize their mediums, and
+when under their control, the spirits cause them to see whatever they
+bring before them, and hear according to their wills, and do as they bid.
+And the things they suppose they see and hear, and what they are to do,
+are only such things as exist in the mind of the mesmerizing power. The
+subject is completely at the mercy of the invisible agency; and to put
+one's self there is a most heaven-daring and hazardous act. Mr. Hudson
+("Law of Psychic Phenomena," p. 336) says:--
+
+
+    "To the young whose characters are not formed, and to those whose
+    notions of morality are loose, the dangers of mediumship are
+    _appalling_."
+
+
+To further gain the confidence of mortals, the spirits claim to be the
+ones who answer their prayers. In "Automatic Writing," p. 142, we have
+this:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Will our friends tell us whether from their point of
+    view, there is any real efficacy in prayer?
+
+
+    "_Ans._ [by spirits].--Shall not 'a soul's sincere desire' arouse
+    in discarnate and free spirits effort to make that sincere desire
+    a reality? What good can come from aspirations on mortal planes,
+    save through the efforts to make those aspirations realized on
+    spiritual planes, by the will of freed spirits?"
+
+
+Mediums are unable to resist the powers of the unseen world when once
+under their control. Professor Brittan ("Telegraphic Answer to Mahan," p.
+10), concerning mediumship, says:--
+
+
+    "We may further add in this connection that the trance mediums for
+    spirit intercourse are equally irresponsible. Many of them are
+    totally unable to resist the powers which come to them from the
+    invisible and unknown realms."
+
+
+Dr. Randolph ("Dealings with the Dead," p. 150) shows the dangers of
+mediumship, as follows:--
+
+
+    "I saw that one great cause of the moral looseness of thousands of
+    sensitive-nerved people on earth, resulted from the infernal
+    possessions and obsessions of their persons by delegations from
+    those realms of darkness and (to all but themselves) unmitigated
+    horror. A sensitive man or woman--no matter how virtuously
+    inclined--may, unless by constant prayer and watchfulness they
+    prevent it and keep the will active and the sphere entire, be led
+    into the most abominable practices and habits."
+
+
+This same writer, in the same work, pp. 108, 109, says:--
+
+
+    "Those ill-meaning ones who live just beyond the threshold, often
+    obtain their ends by subtly infusing a semi-sense of volitional
+    power into the minds of their intended victims, so that at last
+    they come to believe themselves to be self-acting, when in fact
+    they are the merest shuttlecocks bandied about between the
+    battledores of knavish devils on one side, and devilish knaves
+    upon the other, and between the two the poor fallen wretches are
+    nearly heart-reft and destroyed."
+
+
+A work by A. J. Davis called "The Diakka, and their Earthly Victims,"
+mentions the nature of these denizens of the spirit world, and their
+wonderful location. The country (to speak after the manner of men) which
+they inhabit, is so large that it would require not less than 1,803,026
+diameters of the earth to span its longitudinal extent. This he had from a
+spirit he calls James Victor Wilson, a profound mathematician! This space
+is occupied by spirits who have passed from earth, who are "morally
+deficient, and affectionally unclean."--_Page_ 7. The same spirit, Wilson,
+describes the diakka as those "who take insane delight in playing parts,
+in juggling tricks, in personating opposite characters to whom prayers and
+profane utterances are of equi-value; surcharged with a passion for
+lyrical narrations; one whose every attitude is instinct with the schemes
+of specious reasoning, sophistry, pride, pleasure, wit, subtle
+convivialities; a boundless disbeliever, one who thinks that all private
+life will end in the all-consuming self-love of God."--_Page 13._ On page
+13 he says further of them, that they are "never resting, never satisfied
+with life, often amusing themselves with jugglery and tricky witticisms,
+invariably victimizing others; secretly tormenting mediums, causing them
+to exaggerate in speech, and to falsify in acts; unlocking and unbolting
+the street doors of your bosom and memory; pointing your feet into wrong
+paths, and far more."
+
+What this "far more" is, we are left to conjecture. The advertisement of
+this book says that it is "an explanation of much that is false and
+repulsive in Spiritualism." W. F. Jamieson, in a Spiritualist paper,
+called these diakka "a troop of devils," and quoted Judge Carter as
+saying: "There is one thing clear, that these diakka, or fantastic or
+mixed spirits, are very numerous and abundant, and take any and every
+opportunity of obtruding themselves."
+
+Hudson Tuttle, author of "Life in Two Spheres" and other Spiritualistic
+works, speaks of "a communication, through a noted medium, to Gerald
+Massey from his 'dog Pip,' the said Pip 'licking the slate and writing
+with a good degree of intelligence.' " He adds, "Mr. Davis would say that
+'Pip' was a 'diakka,' and to-morrow he will communicate as George
+Washington, Theodore Parker, or Balaam's ass. This diakka is flesh, fish,
+or fowl, as you may desire."
+
+Some idea of how the spirits sometimes torment the mediums, as hinted at
+above, may be gained from the following instance. In "Astounding Facts
+from the Spirit World," pp. 253, 254, Dr. Gridley describes the case of a
+medium sixty years of age, living near him in Southampton, Mass. The
+sufferings inflicted upon him "in two months at the hands of evil spirits
+would fill a volume of five hundred pages." Of these sufferings, the
+following are specimens:--
+
+
+    "They forbade his eating, to the very point of starvation. He was
+    a perfect skeleton; they compelled him to walk day and night, with
+    intermissions, to be sure, as their avowed object was to torment
+    him as much and as long as possible. They swore by everything
+    sacred and profane, that they would knock his brains out, always
+    accompanying their threats with blows on the forehead or temples,
+    like that of a mallet in the hands of a powerful man, with this
+    difference, however; the latter would have made him unconscious,
+    while in full consciousness he now endured the indescribable agony
+    of those heavy and oft-repeated blows; they declared they would
+    skin him alive; that he must go to New York and be dissected by
+    inches, all of which he fully believed. They declared that they
+    would bore holes into his brain, when he instantly felt the action
+    suited to the word, as though a dozen augers were being turned at
+    once into his very skull; this done, they would fill his brain
+    with bugs and worms to eat it out, when their gnawing would
+    instantly commence. These spirits would pinch and pound him,
+    twitch him up and throw him down, yell and blaspheme, and use the
+    most obscene language that mortals can conceive; they would
+    declare that they were Christ in one breath, and devils in the
+    next; they would tie him head to foot for a long time together in
+    a most excruciating posture; declare they would wring his neck off
+    because he doubted or refused obedience."
+
+
+Who can doubt that such spirits are the angels of the evil one himself?
+Dr. Gridley in the same work, p. 19, gives the experience of another
+medium, for the truthfulness of which he offers the fullest proof:--
+
+
+    "We have seen the medium evidently possessed by Irishmen and
+    Dutchmen of the lowest grade--heard him repeat Joshua's drunken
+    prayers [Joshua was a strong but brutish man he had known in
+    life], exactly like the original,--imitate his drunkenness in word
+    and deed--try to repeat, or rather act over his most brutal deeds
+    (from which for decency's sake, he was instantly restrained by
+    extraordinary exertion and severe rebuke)--snap and grate his teeth
+    most furiously, strike and swear, while his eyes flashed like the
+    fires of an orthodox perdition. We have heard him hiss, and seen
+    him writhe his body like the serpent when crawling, and dart out
+    his tongue, and play it exactly like that reptile. These
+    exhibitions were intermingled with the most wrangling and horrible
+    convulsions."
+
+
+These descriptions, it would seem, ought to be enough to strike terror to
+any heart at the thought of being a medium. But there is yet another phase
+of the subject that should not be passed by. These fallen spirits who are
+engineering the work of Spiritualism, to maintain their "assumed
+characters," and "play their parts" like the aforesaid diakka, represent
+that disembodied spirits "just over the threshold," still retain the
+characteristics they bore in life, such as a disposition to sensuality and
+licentiousness, love of rum, tobacco, and other vices, and that they can,
+by causing the medium to plunge excessively into these things, thereby
+still gratify their own propensities to indulge in them. The following
+sketch by Hudson Tuttle, a very popular author among Spiritualists, is
+somewhat lengthy, but the idea could not better be presented than by
+giving it entire. In "Life in Two Spheres," pp. 35-37, he says:--
+
+
+    "Reader, have you ever entered the respectable saloon? Have you
+    ever watched the stupid stare of the inebriate when the eye grew
+    less and less lustrous, slowly closing, the muscles relaxing, and
+    the victim of appetite sinking over on the floor in beastly
+    drunkenness? Oh, how dense the fumes of mingled tobacco and
+    alcohol! Oh, what misery confined in those walls! If you have
+    witnessed such scenes, then we need describe no further. If you
+    have not, then you had not better hear the tale of woe. Imagine to
+    yourselves a bar-room with all its sots, and their number
+    multiplied indefinitely, while conscience-seared and bloated
+    fiends stand behind the bar, from whence they deal out death and
+    damnation, and the picture is complete. _One has just arrived from
+    earth._ He is yet uninitiated in the mysteries and miseries of
+    those which, like hungry lions, await him. He died while
+    intoxicated--was frozen while lying in the gutter, and consequently
+    is attracted toward this society. He possessed a good intellect,
+    but it was shattered beyond repair by his debauches.
+
+
+    " 'Ye ar' a fresh one, aint ye?' coarsely queried a sot, just then
+    particularly communicative.
+
+
+    " 'Why, yes, I have just died, as they call it, and 'taint so bad
+    a change after all; only I suppose there'll be dry times here for
+    the want of something stimulant.'
+
+
+    " 'Not so dry; lots of that all the time, and jolly times too.'
+
+
+    " 'Drink! Can you drink, then?'
+
+
+    " 'Yes, we just can, and feel as nice as you please. But all
+    can't, not unless they find one on earth just like them. You go to
+    earth, and mix with your chums; and when you find one whose
+    thoughts you can read, he's your man. Form a connection with him,
+    and when he gets to feeling _good_, you'll feel so too.--There, do
+    you understand me? I always tell all fresh ones the glorious news,
+    for how they would suffer if it wasn't for this blessed thing.'
+
+
+    " 'I'll try, no mistake.'
+
+
+    " 'Here's a covey,' spoke an ulcerous-looking being; 'he's of our
+    stripe. Tim, did you hear what an infernal scrape I got into last
+    night? No, you didn't. Well, I went to our friend Fred's; he
+    didn't want to drink when I found him; his dimes looked so
+    extremely large. Well, I _destroyed that feeling_, and made him
+    think he was dry. He drank, and drank, more than I wanted him to,
+    until I was so drunk that I could not break my connection with
+    him, or control his mind. He undertook to go home, fell into the
+    snow, and came near freezing to death. I suffered awfully, ten
+    times as much as when I died.'... Reader, we draw the curtain over
+    scenes like these, such as are daily occurring in this society."
+
+
+In these cases the whole evil of the indulgences of course falls upon the
+mediums; and who would wish to assume personal relation with such a world,
+and be forced to bear in their own bodies the evils of the unhallowed
+indulgences of unseen spirits, against their will?
+
+Other scenes represented as taking place in the spirit land, are most
+grotesque and silly and would be taken as a burlesque upon Spiritualism,
+were they not put forth in all gravity by the friends and advocates of
+that so-called new revelation. Thus Judge Edmunds, giving an account of
+what he had seen in the spirit world, mentions the case of an old woman
+busy churning, who promised him, if he would call again, a drink of
+buttermilk; he speaks of men fighting, of courtezans trying to continue
+their lewd conduct; of a mischievous boy who split a dog's tail open, and
+put a stick in it, just to witness its misery; of the owner of the dog,
+who, attracted by its cries, discovered the cause, and beat the boy, who
+fled, but was pursued and beaten and kicked far up the road. See Edmund's
+"Spiritualism," Vol. II, pp. 135-144, 181, 182, 186, 189. Surely here are
+the diakka playing their pranks in all their glory.
+
+
+
+
+Miscellaneous Teaching.
+
+
+On the leading points of faith as held by Christians generally, quotations
+have been given to show sufficiently what the spirits teach, and the
+object they are trying to effect. But the reader will be interested to
+learn what they teach on some other points which incidentally appear in
+their communications.
+
+Spiritualists object most strenuously to the idea of unconsciousness in
+death, or to the Bible declaration, "The dead know not anything." But the
+spirits themselves teach this very thing. Thus Judge Edmunds, Vol. II,
+Appendix B, p. 524, quotes the confession of a spirit that he was totally
+unconscious for a time, he could not tell how long, and awoke to
+consciousness gradually; and that the state of unconsciousness differs
+with different persons, depending on circumstances. A. J. Davis admits
+that Professor Webster was eight days and a half unconscious.--_"__Death
+and the After Life,__"__ pp. 18, 19._
+
+Through Mrs. Conant, medium, in _Banner of Light_, June 3, 1865, we have
+this information: "It is said that some spirits require a thousand years
+to awake to consciousness. Is this true?--Yes, this is true." In "Automatic
+Writing," p. 93, the spirits teach the same thing to-day. If others deny
+such statements, it only shows that their testimony is contradictory and
+therefore unreliable.
+
+Again, the Bible doctrine that the incorrigibly wicked must cease from
+conscious existence, is denounced by Spiritualists; but on this point the
+spirits confess also:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Do I understand you to say that a diakka is one who
+    believes in ultimate annihilation?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Only yesterday one said to a lady medium, signing himself
+    'Swedenborg,' this: 'Whatsoever is, has been, will be, or may be,
+    _that_ I AM, and private life is but the aggregative phantasms of
+    thinking throblets rushing in their rising onward to the central
+    heart of eternal death.'--_"__Diakka__"__ p. 11._
+
+
+    "_Q._--Does every human being continue life on higher planes?
+
+
+    "_A._--Shall not all who are abortions die?"
+
+
+    "_Q._--Do you mean that some born on this plane may spiritually die
+    from lack of force to persist?
+
+
+    "_A._--Yes--both women and men are born into the divine humanity who
+    must necessarily perish, because they have not sufficient soul
+    strength to persist."--_"__Automatic Writing,__"__ pp. 101, 102._
+
+
+There is, it seems, a purgatory in the spirit world. In answer to a
+question, a spirit replied:--
+
+
+    "There is a sphere in spirit life allotted to those who leave the
+    earthly plane in spiritual ignorance, which is _not pleasing_ to
+    dwell upon, yet which is absolutely necessary to spiritual soul
+    growth."--_Id., p. 90._
+
+
+Spiritualism is claimed to settle the question of immortality; but the
+spirits confess themselves ignorant of it:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--On your plane do you arrive at certainty in regard to
+    immortality?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--We here are as _ignorant as you are_ as to the ultimate of
+    existence. Immortality is still an _undetermined issue_. One life
+    at a time seems as pertinent with us as with you."--_Id., p. 103._
+
+
+The spirits' heaven, it seems, is not so desirable a place that it
+prevents their being homesick.
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Why are you homesick?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Have not found out the real reason; things are so
+    different from former ideas."--_Id., p. 111._
+
+
+Spirits are not allowed to tell too much about their condition, as the
+following question and answer show:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Can't you tell us what makes it pleasanter,--describe so
+    we can understand?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--You'll find out as I did--_'gainst the rules here to
+    tell_.... Just be patient--it's all easy enough when you learn how.
+    I was puzzled, but it all seems straight enough now."--_Id., p.
+    115._
+
+
+They teach the pre-existence of souls, and the old pagan doctrines of the
+reincarnation of souls, and the final absorption of all into Nirvana. A
+spirit having answered that all had been asserted in some other form,
+questions and answers followed from which we quote:--
+
+
+    "_Q._--Is that statement an intimation of the truth of
+    reincarnation?
+
+
+    "_A._--Souls of all who have preceded you are centered in you in
+    spite of your childish protests. Ask not of those predecessors;
+    for they yet live in you, and you in them.... Long ago you and I
+    went over the ground under eminent names.... Were not we together
+    when Socrates and Aspasia talked?"--_Id., pp. 151, 152._
+
+
+    "_Q._--Can you tell us, at least, whether spirit, as a whole or in
+    its individual atoms, exists eternally?
+
+
+    "_A._--Yes; spirit as a whole is eternal--exists--did exist--by force
+    of Powers you cannot understand. But you as individual,
+    self-conscious, atomistic particles of spirit wholeness, are not
+    eternal, and must return to the Primal Source."--_Id., p. 133._
+
+
+
+
+Spirits Cannot Be Identified.
+
+
+Having now sufficiently examined the teaching of the spirits, a final
+question arises in regard to them, whether it is possible to identify
+them, and determine with any absolute certainty whether they are the
+spirits of the particular individuals they claim to be, or even spirits of
+the dead at all, or not. It should be distinctly borne in mind, always,
+that evil angels, whose existence has been proved from the Bible, whose
+nature and delight is to deceive, can walk the earth unseen, imitate and
+personate any individual, and reveal their characteristics of thought,
+writing, acts, form, and features, and make so perfect a counterfeit as to
+defy detection. How, then, can it be told what spirit it is, even though
+it shows the face and features of some well-known friend? On this topic,
+as on preceding questions, Spiritualists themselves may produce the
+evidence. President Mahan ("Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen," p. 13)
+remarks:--
+
+
+    "Certain experiments have been made, in order to determine whether
+    spirits are present. Individuals go in as inquirers, and get
+    definite answers--in the first place, from _departed spirits_ of
+    persons _yet living_; in the second place, from departed spirits
+    of persons who _never existed_ here or anywhere else; in the third
+    place, from the departed spirits of brute beasts."
+
+
+When it is considered, as already noted, that spirits do their work
+through mesmeric power, it is easy to understand how the medium is made to
+believe that such and such a spirit is communicating when it is not so at
+all. This question of identity came up in the very early stages of
+Spiritualism, and is no nearer settled, on their own confession, now than
+then. A Mr. Hobart, in 1856, who claimed to be the first Spiritualist in
+Michigan, made the following admission:--
+
+
+    "The spirit sometimes _assumes_ the name of an individual
+    belonging to the same church, to induce them to hear. This is
+    necessary with some who are so bigoted they would not believe
+    unless a name was assumed which they respected."
+
+
+An article in the _Spiritual Telegraph_, of July 11, 1857, begins as
+follows:--
+
+
+    "The question is continually being asked, especially by novitiates
+    in spiritual investigations, How shall we know that the spirits
+    who communicate with us are really the ones whom they purport to
+    be?... In giving the results of our own experience and observation
+    upon this subject, we would premise that spirits unquestionably
+    can, and often do, personate other spirits, and that, too, often
+    with such perfection as, for the time being, to defy every effort
+    to detect the deception.... If direct tests are demanded at all,
+    we would recommend that they be asked for the purpose of proving
+    that the manifesting influence is that of _a spirit_, rather than
+    to prove what _particular_ spirit is the agent of its production."
+
+
+This is an entire begging of the whole matter in question; for it is not
+denied that it is _a_ spirit; we want to know what _particular_ spirit it
+is; but for that we must not ask; for it cannot be ascertained. The same
+article states that other and lower spirits often crowd in and take the
+place of the spirit communicating, without the knowledge of the medium. We
+might also quote "Spiritualism as It Is," p. 14, that "not one per cent.
+of the manifestations have had a higher origin than the first and second
+spheres, which are filled with low, ignorant, deceptive, mischievous,
+selfish, egotistical spirits;" and "Dealings with the Dead," p. 225, that
+"the fact is, good spirits do not appear one tenth as often as imagined."
+
+Jan. 7, 1888, the following appeared in the _Banner of Light_:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--What is the cause of our receiving inconsistent and
+    untruthful communications? Does the blame, if any there is, rest
+    with us or the controlling intelligence?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--There are spirits who delight in imposing upon mortals;
+    they realize their power outside of material things, and that
+    those who seek knowledge from them _cannot see nor get hold of
+    them_; therefore to an extent they exercise a certain power over
+    those mortals who approach; and if the mortals are themselves
+    tricky by nature, insincere, ready to take advantage of others,
+    whether it be at the time of sitting or in their daily life, rest
+    assured they may be imposed upon by spirits from the other side
+    who occupy a like plane of existence with themselves."
+
+
+Mediums themselves will not trust the spirits, according to statements
+made as late as 1896. Mrs. S. A. Underwood, medium, in "Automatic
+Writing," p. 55, says:--
+
+
+    "With all my experience in it, I would not to-day venture upon any
+    change, business venture, friendship, or line of conduct, advised
+    from this source, unless my own common material sense endorsed it.
+    Indeed, I would not take as fact any of its even reasonable advice
+    without question, because it is not reliable as a guide in earthly
+    affairs."
+
+
+Spirit communication, then, certainly does not amount to much as a
+heavenly instructor, a celestial guide to enlighten the ignorance of men.
+Whatever we know ourselves, we may rely upon; all else is uncertain.
+Again, on p. 56, she says:--
+
+
+    "Then the assumption of great names by apparently common-place
+    minds is a very strange thing. I was horrified and annoyed when
+    this occurred under my own hand, because that is one of the things
+    which disgusted me with spiritual messages before this writing
+    came to me, as I had occasionally glanced over such messages. When
+    I protested against such assumption, I was told that 'Elaine and
+    Guinevere' were not real beings, but types. So somewhere in our
+    sphere are spirits who embody cleverness in creations of their own
+    fancy, and adopt names suited to that fancy."
+
+
+Thus the spirits themselves confess that the names they often assume are
+not those of real beings, but typical and fanciful. Nothing more, it would
+seem, is necessary to complete the condemnation of Spiritualism, so far as
+its own nature is concerned. When in addition to all else, it appears that
+the spirits cannot be identified; that the whole underlying claim that the
+spirits are the spirits of the dead, must itself be assumed; and that,
+too, in the face of the numberless known falsehoods and deceptions that
+are constantly issuing from the unseen realm,--there is nothing left for it
+to stand upon.
+
+
+
+
+
+                               Chapter Six.
+
+
+ITS PROMISES: HOW FULFILLED.
+
+
+It is fair to call Spiritualism to account as to the fulfilment of the
+promises involved in its challenge to the world when it stepped upon the
+stage of action. No movement ever opened with more magnificent promises.
+It posed before the world as an angel of heavenly light. It claimed to be
+the second coming of Christ. It claimed to have been sent to regenerate
+mankind, and renovate the world. We give herewith a few of its
+spirit-inspired pretensions. Its "Declaration of Principles," Article 20,
+says:--
+
+
+    "The hearty and intelligent convictions of these truths [the
+    teachings of spirits] tend to energize the soul in all that is
+    good and elevating, and to restrain from all that is evil and
+    impure, ... to quicken all philanthropic impulses, stimulating to
+    enlightened and unselfish labors for universal good."
+
+
+In behalf of the cause of woman it says:--
+
+
+    "Spiritualism has done more for the advancement of true womanhood
+    than the Church or any of its accessories."--_Dr. Watson, in Banner
+    of Light, April 16, 1887._
+
+
+Miss A. L. Lull, in the _Religio-Philosophical Journal_ of Jan. 23, 1886,
+said:--
+
+
+    "Spiritualism is the saviour of humanity, because it is reaching
+    out toward the criminal, and in its effort to lift humanity to a
+    higher plane, it is laying the foundation for future
+    generations.... Spiritualism comes to cleanse out the dregs and
+    wretchedness of humanity."
+
+
+Mrs. Cora L. V. Richmond, in a mediumistic discourse reported in the
+_Banner of Light_, April 3, 1886, said:--
+
+
+    "The Great Reformer of the world is Spiritualism.... When modern
+    Spiritualism made its appearance, it said in so many words, I come
+    to reform the world.... Spiritualism came to put the ax at the
+    root of the tree of human evil, it came to decide upon the most
+    important and vital thing connected with existence; _i. e._, Is
+    man only an evanescent, material, earthly being, or is he
+    immortal?... Spiritualism came to reform death, to resolve it into
+    life; came to reform fear, to resolve it into trust and knowledge;
+    came to reform the darkness which rests upon humanity concerning
+    the nature of man's existence."
+
+
+In the same paper, April 6, 1887, was given the following prediction of
+the future of Spiritualism:--
+
+
+    "Modern Spiritualism will grow, and deepen, and broaden, and
+    strengthen, until all false creeds and dogmas shall be swept from
+    the earth--when faith shall be buried in knowledge, when war shall
+    be known no more, when universal brotherhood shall prevail to
+    bless mankind."
+
+
+In "Nineteenth Century Miracles," p. 79, M. Jaubert speaks as follows:--
+
+
+    "Affirm to your people that man never dies, that his immortality
+    is proved, not by books but by material and tangible facts, of
+    which every one can convince himself; that anon our houses of
+    correction, and our prisons, will disappear; suicide will be
+    erased from our mortuary tables; and nobly borne, the calamities
+    of earth shall no longer produce madness."
+
+
+Mrs. R. S. Lillie, in a speech at the Thirty-eighth Anniversary services
+in Horticultural Hall, Boston, Mass., and reported in the _Banner of
+Light_, of April, 1886, said:--
+
+
+    "Christianity never had a Pentecost to be compared with modern
+    Spiritualism. The latter is as far in advance of the former, as
+    the electric light is in advance of the tallow dip of the past;
+    for it is nineteen centuries ahead of it."
+
+
+These are most astounding claims; and if there is any truth in them,
+Spiritualism ought to have shown itself as a great uplifting moral power,
+provided it has been able to get any foothold among the people. We
+therefore inquire what its success has been. On this point Professor Keck,
+at the Thirty-ninth Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, at Bridgeport,
+Conn. (_Banner of Light_, April 9, 1887), said:--
+
+
+    "It [Spiritualism] has made converts of more scientific men and
+    profound thinkers than any other sect in the world. In thirty-nine
+    years it has grown to ten or fifteen millions of believers, with
+    thousands of mediums, a literature printed in every known
+    language, and converts in every quarter of the globe."
+
+
+With all these facilities and all this success, it surely has been able to
+make good its claims, and fulfil its promises, if its nature is such as it
+assumes, and its promises are good for anything; and its course should be
+marked by a great decrease of crime, by the promotion of virtue and a
+general improvement in the moral tone of society, wherever it has gone.
+For nearly fifty years it has now been operating in the world; and with
+all its glowing professions of what it was able to do, and its millions of
+converts, "energized to all that is good and elevating," its impress for
+good should everywhere be seen.
+
+But what are the facts?--Just the reverse of what has been promised. Free
+love, which is free lust, has followed in its wake; homes have been
+ruined, families scattered, characters blighted; while insanity and
+suicide have been the fate, or the last resort, of too many of its
+victims. And outside of its own ranks, in the world at large, the fifty
+years since the advent of Spiritualism have been years of increase of
+crime and every evil in a fast growing ratio. Liquor drinking, tobacco
+using, gambling, prostitution, defalcations, robberies, bribery, municipal
+corruption, divorces, thefts, insanity, suicide, and murder, have
+increased in far more rapid ratio than the population itself.
+
+The reader will remember the testimony of Dr. Randolph, p. 105, that five
+of his friends destroyed themselves, and he attempted it for himself, by
+direct spirit influences. The Philadelphia _Record_, of Feb. 17, 1894,
+speaks of the suicide of May Brooklyn in San Francisco, Cal.:--
+
+
+    "The letters and papers left by the dead woman show plainly that
+    in her grief over the death of Lovecraft she had dabbled in
+    Spiritualism, and had finally reached the conclusion that her only
+    chance of happiness lay in joining her lover in the other world."
+
+
+A few figures, as samples, will be given just to emphasize the general
+statements. The following is from the Chicago _Tribune_ of Jan. 1, 1893:--
+
+
+    "The number of persons who have committed suicide in the United
+    States during the year (1892), as gathered from telegraph and mail
+    report to the _Tribune_, is 3860, as compared with 3331 last year
+    (1891), 2640 in 1890, and 2224 in 1889. The total is much larger
+    than that of any of the eleven preceding years."
+
+
+The _Christian Reformer_ gives the following figures of murders, suicides,
+and embezzlements from 1891-1893:--
+
+
+    "Murders in 1893, 6615; increase over 1891 of 709.
+
+
+    "Suicides in 1893, 4436; increase over 1892, 576; 1891, 1105.
+
+
+    "Funds embezzled in 1893, $19,929,692; increase of 100 per cent.
+    over 1892."
+
+
+It may be asked, What has this to do with Spiritualism?--It is a test of
+the value of its promises. Spiritualism has been posing for fifty years as
+the "world's reformer," the great energizing, uplifting force to elevate
+mankind, the mighty power which has come to empty our workhouses and
+prisons, abolish suicides and all crime, the "electric light" compared
+with the "tallow dip" of the gospel. And yet with all these claims, with
+its millions of adherents, and the funds and influence at its command, it
+is allowing, year by year, crime to increase much faster than the
+population. Now if Spiritualism was the purifying, renovating power which
+it claims to be, such results could not have been seen. It is very
+evident, that, as a power in the world in behalf of righteousness and
+humanity, it has been of no account; and as between the forces of good and
+evil, its weight has been on the side of evil instead of good. It is thus
+that the author of Spiritualism, the father of deception, fulfils the
+promises made through that channel to deceive mankind. What organized,
+aggressive efforts against evil has Spiritualism ever shown? Where are its
+schools and colleges? Where are its hospitals and benevolent institutions?
+Where are its organized charities? and what are its millions of members
+doing to relieve suffering and distress, and turn men to better ways of
+living? The very aspect it presents to the world to-day, stamps the brand
+of Cain upon its brow. The Boston _Herald_ of Dec. 17, 1874, said:--
+
+
+    "Let Spiritualism produce some idea, utter some word, or perform
+    some deed, which will have novelty, and yet be of manifest value
+    to the human race, and it will make good its claims to our serious
+    consideration. But it has not done this. For nearly thirty years
+    it has been before the world in its present shape, and in all that
+    time, with all its asserted command of earthly and
+    superterrestrial knowledge, it has never done an act, or breathed
+    a syllable, or supplied an idea which had any value as a
+    contribution to the welfare of the race, or to its stock of
+    knowledge. Its messages from learned men who are dead, have been
+    the silliest bosh; its stories about life upon the planets are
+    wretched guesses, many of which can be proved false by the
+    astronomer; its visions have frightened scores of people into
+    madhouses, and made semi-lunatics of hundreds of others."
+
+
+If this charge was good as late as 1874, it is equally so at the present
+time. And thus are we forced to the conclusion that Spiritualism, judged
+by the light of its fair promises, is one of the most lamentable of
+delusions, and most stupendous of failures.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Seven.
+
+
+SPIRITUALISM A SUBJECT OF PROPHECY.
+
+
+We come now to one of the most timely and important features of this whole
+subject; for God in his word has foretold and forewarned the world of the
+movement here passing under review. He has made known the time when it
+should appear, the character it would bear, and the work it is to do. He
+has also connected this with the great event of all-overshadowing
+importance to this world, of which it is a startling sign and sure
+precursor; namely, the second coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. We ask the
+special attention of the reader to this part of the subject.
+
+A word of digression may be allowed as to the place which prophecy holds
+in the word of God. Prophecy is that feature of the sacred volume which
+constitutes it a lamp to our feet and a light to our path. Ps. 119:105; 2
+Peter 1:19. It is that which enables that word to be a guide to the hosts
+of Israel through the weary journey and the gloomy shades of time, giving
+to every era its "present truth," and showing the progress of the
+slow-revolving ages toward the great consummation. It is the golden
+credential which the Bible holds up to the world of its genuineness and
+authenticity.
+
+Prophecy is peculiar to the Christian Scriptures. No other so-called
+sacred books contain this feature. It is not found in the Vedas, Shasters,
+or Puranas of the Hindus, nor the Zend Avestas of the Parsees, nor the
+Kojiki Nohonki, of the Shintos of Japan, nor the law books of Manu, nor
+the Koran of the Mohammedans, nor the Kan-Ying-Peen or Tao-Te-King of the
+Chinese, nor the Tripitakas of the Buddhists. The reason is obvious.
+Neither the minds of men nor of angels, either good or bad, can read the
+future. Divine omniscience alone can see the end from the beginning and
+foretell the great events that shall mark the history of the world, and
+affect the interests of the church. It is this that stamps the Bible as
+divine, and lifts it immeasurably above all other books. It is indeed
+passing strange that all cannot see this. Instead of being a book that
+grows obsolete and out of date with the passing years, like the
+productions of men, it is the only book ever seen upon the earth which is
+ever abreast of the times in every age, and lifts the veil of the future
+before him who honestly and reverently seeks its pages for a knowledge of
+the truth. Those who ignore or despise the prophecies, rob the Bible of
+one of the brightest stars in its crown of glory.
+
+To be entitled to claim credit as divine, any book or system should be
+able to show that it can correctly foretell the future. The spirits see
+this, and, knowing that they cannot do it, discountenance and discourage
+all such efforts. Here is a little of their teaching on the subject:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Why are so many predictions made through mediums, which
+    prove false?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Wonderful _guesses_ are sometimes made by daring spirits.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Can you tell us anything of the future?
+
+
+    "_A._--Pharos says you must not ask questions of the future--spirits
+    who _prophesy_ are _not good_ spirits.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Do you mean that it is not best for us to know the future?
+
+
+    "_A._--Souls on your plane are undergoing discipline, and it would
+    cost more than it is worth to foretell the future of your
+    state."--_"__Automatic Writing,__"__ pp. 141, 142._
+
+
+Spiritualists rail at God for prohibiting from Adam and Eve, in the
+garden, the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, to keep them in
+ignorance. What will they say to these spirits who coolly answer that "it
+would cost more than it is worth" to give them any knowledge of future
+events? This, perhaps, they will consider all right because it isn't God
+who says it.
+
+1. Let us then see what God has said of the time and work and significance
+of Spiritualism. Over seven hundred years before Christ, the prophet
+Isaiah wrote of our time, as follows: "And when they shall say unto you,
+Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep and
+that mutter, should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to
+the dead? To the law and to the testimony; if they speak not according to
+this word, it is because there is no light in them."
+
+Here is certainly a prophecy that a time would come when just such a work
+as Spiritualism is now doing would be a distinguishing feature of the age.
+The present must be the time referred to, because it has never been so in
+any past age; and the present meets the specifications in every
+particular. It shows that the only safety for any one now is to seek unto
+his God, and make the law and the testimony, the word of God, the great
+standard by which to try all spirits. 1 John 4:1. And another great event
+is directly connected with this, that is, the second coming of Christ; for
+according to verses 16-18, the disciples are then looking for him.
+
+2. Matt. 24:24: "For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets,
+and shall show great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were
+possible, they shall deceive the very elect."
+
+A deception of no ordinary power is here brought to view. It really
+results in the division of Christendom; for all but the elect are carried
+away by it. In its own claims, Spiritualism fulfils the "Christs" and
+"prophets" part of the declaration, claiming of course to be true, while
+the Bible says it is "false." The signs and wonders are beginning to be
+seen in the many "inexplicable" phenomena attending Spiritualism. But many
+more startling exhibitions, as will be presently shown, are yet to appear.
+We charge upon Spiritualism, so far, the fulfilment of this prophecy. But
+mark! this occurs when the Son of man is about to appear "as the lightning
+cometh out of the east, and shineth even unto the west" (verse 27); and it
+is one of the prominent signs of that event. See the prophecy from verse
+23 to verse 35. Mark and Luke also dwell upon the same prediction, as
+gathered from the lips of our Lord himself.
+
+3. Heb. 10:28, 29: "He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under
+two or three witnesses. Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he
+be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath
+counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy
+thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?"
+
+It is the bold stand which Spiritualism has taken against Christ and the
+atonement, that makes this scripture applicable to that work. The apostle
+is speaking of the times when the great "day is approaching" (verse 25);
+when it is but a little while, and he that shall come, will come and will
+not tarry (verse 37), and the introduction of verse 29, in such a
+connection, becomes a prophecy that such an outbreak against Christ and
+his atoning work would be seen when he is about to come again. And the
+fulfilment we are now beholding in Spiritualism.
+
+4. Rev. 12:12: "Woe to the inhabiters of the earth and of the sea! for the
+devil is come down unto you, having great wrath, because he knoweth that
+he hath but a short time."
+
+This scripture locates itself. It is when Satan knows that he has but a
+little time to work, and hence it must be in the last days. At this time
+he descends upon the world in an avalanche of wrath. "Wrath" is a
+misleading term. The words {~GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER MU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~} {~GREEK SMALL LETTER MU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~} signify the strongest and most
+intense emotion of the mind. If the object is to accomplish some
+particular end, they would indicate the most intense, concentrated,
+energetic, and persistent efforts to that purpose, using every means, and
+bringing to bear every influence to reach the result in question. Satan,
+as we have seen, has an object in deceiving the human family, as far as
+possible, to their destruction, by signs and wonders. In this work,
+according to the prophecy before us, he will go to the extent of his
+power, and show his most potent signs. Bringing the supposed forms and
+features of the dead before living witnesses, is his most successful
+method at the present time. But as this work is, as yet, done largely in
+the dark, it gives more room for jugglery and imposition. The time will
+come, however, when, in open light, counterfeit materializations of the
+dead will swarm on earth, and deceive, if it were possible, the very
+elect--_i.e._, all who cannot meet the deception with the potent weapon--"It
+is written, The dead know not anything, neither have they any more a
+portion forever [in the present state of things] in anything that is done
+under the sun."
+
+5. Rev. 13:13, 14: "And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire
+come down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men, and deceiveth them
+that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles which he had power
+to do."
+
+This prophecy relates to some earthly government represented by a symbol
+with two horns like a lamb. Verse 11. It is part of a prophecy beginning
+with chapter twelve, and ending with verse 5 of chapter fourteen. It is
+not the place here to introduce an exposition of this prophecy. It is only
+necessary to state that the position taken is that the lamblike symbol
+represents our own government, the United States of America.(4) And the
+great wonders that he does, apply to the marvelous manifestations of
+Spiritualism. It is a significant fact that Spiritualism arose in this
+country, thus fitting itself exactly to the prophecy. The climax of the
+wonders brought to view in the text, making "fire come down from heaven on
+the earth in the sight of men," has not yet been reached. More is
+therefore to be developed. Yea, this wonder-working power is to go forward
+till that which, in the time of Elijah, was the test between the false god
+Baal and the Lord Jehovah, is brought to pass, and fire is made to come
+down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men. And the sad feature of
+this case will be that the multitudes, not perceiving the change of issue,
+will take the act down here to be a test of truth, as it was in the days
+of Elijah.
+
+Taken in connection with other portions of the book of Revelation, this
+prophecy reveals clearly what the agency that works the miracles is. The
+dragon, representing paganism (Rev. 12:3, 4); the beast, representing the
+papacy (Rev. 13:1-10); and the lamblike symbol, representing
+Protestantism, or more specifically, Protestant America (Rev. 13:11-17),
+constitute the symbols of this prophecy. For convenience, let us designate
+them as _A_, _B_, and _C_; respectively. _C_ works his miracles in sight
+of _B_; _B_ and _C_ are again brought to view in Rev. 19:20, and there _C_
+is called "the false prophet." We know the false prophet here is the same
+as _C_, because he works miracles before _B_, the same as _C_ does in
+chapter 13:14. All together, _A_, _B_, and _C_ are brought to view in Rev.
+16:13, and unclean spirits like frogs are said to come out of their
+mouths; and then verse 14 tells what they are: "For they are spirits of
+devils, working miracles." This, then, not the spirits of dead men, is the
+agency that works the miracles of chapter 13:13, 14. We follow the subject
+so far, at this point, merely to identify the agency that works the
+miracles, and shall have more to say upon it. But before passing, we would
+remind the reader that here also the subject is connected with the second
+coming of Christ; for the prophecy of Revelation 13 ends with the
+redemption of the church which immediately follows. Rev. 14:1-5.
+
+6. 2 Thess. 2:9-12: "Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan,
+with all power and signs and lying wonders, and with all deceivableness of
+unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of
+the truth, that they might be saved. And for this cause God shall send
+them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: that they all might
+be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in
+unrighteousness."
+
+Here, again, we have the great fact brought out with still more startling
+emphasis, that there is to be a great outbreaking of Satanic power among
+men, just before and up to, the coming of Christ. And if we already see
+the preliminary and even far-advanced working of this power in
+Spiritualism, the world should stand aghast at the perils of the times in
+which we live. The coming of Christ is brought to view in verse 8, and
+verse 9 states that at that time Satan will be working with all power. The
+common version is calculated to obscure this passage. The words "even him"
+(verse 9) are wrongly and unnecessarily supplied. Literally rendered, the
+last clause of verse 8, and the first of verse 9 would read as follows:
+"Whom the Lord ... shall destroy with the brightness of his [Christ's]
+coming; of whom [Christ] the coming is, after [or at the time of] the
+working of Satan," etc. The word "after" is from, the Greek {~GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~} (_kata_),
+which when referring to time, as in this case, does not mean "after or
+according to," but "within the range of, during, in the course of, at,
+about," as in 2 Tim. 4:1, where it is rendered "at."
+
+So here is a plain declaration that at the very time when Christ comes
+Satan will be working in the hight of his power, by signs and lying
+wonders (wonders to prove a lie) to keep the people under falsehood and
+deception. Verses 10-12 tell who his victims are, and why they become
+such: they are those who preferred the pleasures of sin to the practice of
+righteousness, and so would not receive the truth, nor the love of it. In
+all such cases God's throne is clear. He always, as in this case, sets
+truth first before the people, gives them a chance, and calls upon them to
+embrace it, and be saved. But when men, as free moral agents, whom God
+will not force into his kingdom, refuse to receive the truth, shut their
+eyes, close their ears, and steel their hearts against it, and find their
+pleasure in unrighteousness, in going in just the opposite direction;--what
+can God do for them? We leave the skeptic himself to answer. For more
+years than Spiritualism, in its present phase, has been before the world,
+several religious bodies have made a specialty of the great Bible truth
+concerning the state of the dead, and life only in Christ, which
+effectually shields all those who receive it against the rapping delusion.
+
+7. Rev. 18:2: "And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon
+the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils,
+and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful
+bird."
+
+Among the many predictions given in the word of God touching the last
+days, is one which foretokens a wide-spread and lamentable declension in
+the religious world. The phrase which embodies it, is the one just quoted,
+"Babylon is fallen." The term "Babylon" is not intended nor used as a term
+of reproach, but rather as a descriptive word setting forth the very
+undesirable condition of "mixture" and "confusion" in the religious world.
+It is certainly not the Lord's will, who prayed that all his people should
+be one, that scores or hundreds of divisions and sects should exist within
+his church. That is owing, exclaims the Catholic, to the Protestant rule
+of private judgment. It is not. It is owing to that Pandora's box of
+mystical interpretation placed in the church by old Origen, that prince of
+mischief-makers. By this method, which has no method and no standard, the
+interpretations of God's word will ever be as various and numerous as the
+whims and fancies that may find a place in the minds of men.
+
+But all this confusion must be remedied in that church which will be ready
+for the second advent; for no people will be prepared for translation but
+such as worship the Lord in both _spirit_ and _truth_. To bring the church
+to this point, a call has been sent to Christendom in the special truths
+for this time. Most turn away, but some are taking the stand to which
+these circumstances summon them. The process is simple. It is but to read
+and obey God's word in the light of what is called the literal rule of
+interpretation. No other rule would ever have been thought of, if the
+Devil had let the minds of men alone. By this rule the true Sabbath would
+always have been maintained a perfect safeguard against idolatry in the
+earth; the law would have held its place as a perfect, immutable, and
+eternal rule of conduct, a safeguard against the antinomianism of all ages
+and the Spiritualism of to-day; the view that the dead remain unconscious
+in the grave till the resurrection, would always have been held, and then
+there could have been no purgatory, no masses for the dead, no Mariolatry,
+no saint worship--in short, no Roman Catholicism, and no Universalism, nor
+Spiritualism; the true nature of the coming and kingdom of Christ would
+not have been lost sight of, and the peace and safety fable of a temporal
+millennium never could have existed.
+
+To say nothing of other errors that would be corrected, suppose all
+Christendom stood together on these four simple truths, how much division
+could there have been in the Christian world? A second denomination could
+not have existed. And what would have been the condition of things?--As
+different from the present condition as one can well imagine--no paganism,
+no Roman Catholicism, no Protestantism, no multiplied sects, no
+Spiritualism,--but Christianity, broad, united, free, and glorious. Some
+are taking their stand on these truths, and so will be shielded from the
+delusions of these last days, for which the way, by ages of superstition
+and error, has been so artfully prepared. Every one must stand upon them
+who is governed by the literal rule of interpretation; for they are read
+in so many words out of the sacred volume itself. But the churches
+generally reject them, often with bitterness, scorn, and contempt, and
+some even with persecution. And this is why Babylon has fallen.
+
+That organization, called in Rev. 17:5: "Mystery, Babylon the Great, the
+Mother of Harlots and Abominations of the Earth," has been very generally
+applied by Protestants to the Roman Catholic Church; but if that church is
+the mother, who are the daughters? This question has been asked for many
+years. Alexander Campbell said:--
+
+
+    "The worshiping establishments now in operation throughout
+    Christendom, incased and cemented by their voluminous confessions
+    of faith, and their ecclesiastical constitutions, are not churches
+    of Jesus Christ, but the legitimate daughters of that mother of
+    harlots--the Church of Rome."
+
+
+Lorenzo Dow said:--
+
+
+    "We read not only of Babylon, but of the whore of Babylon, styled
+    the mother of harlots, which is supposed to mean the Romish
+    church. If she be a mother, who are her daughters? It must be the
+    corrupt national established churches that came out of her."
+
+
+The great sin charged against Babylon, is unlawful connection with the
+kings of the earth. The church should be entirely free from the state. But
+now the churches of America, which have for long years borne so noble a
+part, are clamoring for a union with the state, calling for a recognition
+of God's name in the Constitution, and God's law in the courts, and that
+the government be run on Christian lines. Old, antiquated laws which they
+find upon the statute books of various States, they are beginning to use
+to persecute those who differ in belief with them; and they seek for the
+enactment of more stringent Sunday laws for the same purpose. And when
+they shall succeed in getting full control of the state, they will have
+severed the last link that has held them to their high estate, show
+themselves true members of the Babylonian family, and sink in spirit and
+practice to the level of the elder Rome.
+
+Rev. 14:8 was fulfilled in 1844.(5) Since then the churches have been
+going down in spirituality and godliness, catering more and more to the
+world, indulging in carnal amusements, festivals, wife auctions, and
+kissing bees, to the very border line of decency, but especially filling
+up with the influences mentioned in Rev. 18:2, till the leaven of
+Spiritualism is fast penetrating the whole mass. Yet there are a multitude
+of God's people connected with these churches, who deplore the situation,
+and for whom a crisis is approaching. The cry is again to be raised,
+"Babylon is fallen, come out of her my people." We verily believe the time
+has come when that call should be made and heeded; for a little further
+progress in the evil path upon which we have entered, will surely provoke
+the just judgments of heaven. Verses 4, 5.
+
+8. 2 Tim. 3:8: "Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these
+also resist the truth: men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the
+faith."
+
+The first five verses of this chapter portray a dark list of eighteen sins
+which will characterize professed Christians in the last days; for those
+who bear the characters described, have a _form of godliness_, but deny
+the power thereof. The three following verses plainly describe certain
+members of the spiritualistic fraternity; and they are said to be of the
+same sort. This prophecy therefore becomes parallel to that which has just
+been examined. The fall of Babylon prepares the popular churches for
+Spiritualism. Here the practice of these sins in the churches, makes them
+of the same sort with Spiritualists, so that they fraternize well
+together. Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses by the wonders they were able
+to perform; so these will resist the truth through the wonders of
+Spiritualism. And this is in the last days where we now are. So Babylon's
+fall just precedes the coming of Christ.
+
+9. Rev. 16:14: "For they are the spirits of devils, working miracles,
+which go forth unto the kings of the earth and of the whole world, to
+gather them to the battle of that great day of God Almighty."
+
+The work of the spirits reaches its climax in the scene here brought to
+view. Their last mission is to go to the kings of the earth to gather them
+to the battle of that great day of God Almighty. In this conflict, so far
+as this earth is concerned, the great controversy between Christ and Satan
+closes in the triumph of Him who rides forth on a white horse at the head
+of the white-horsed armies of heaven. The beast and false prophet are
+hurled into a lake of fire, and the remnant, the kings of the earth and
+their armies, are slain by the sword of him upon whose vesture is
+inscribed the all-conquering title, "King of kings and Lord of lords."
+Rev. 19:11-21.
+
+But before these spirits can thus influence the kings of the earth, they
+must make their way to them and bring them under their control. They have
+already shown great facility in this work, giving promise of what they
+will be able to do in the near future. A work by Hudson Tuttle, "What Is
+Spiritualism?" p. 6, names the following among the late and living crowned
+heads, nobility, etc., who have been supporters of Spiritualism:--
+
+
+    "Emperor Alexander, of Russia; Louis Napoleon, of France; Queen
+    Victoria, of England; Prince and Princess Metternich; Prince
+    Wittgenstein, Lieutenant Aide-de-camp to the emperor of Russia;
+    Hon. Alexander Axahof, Russian Imperial Councilor, St. Petersburg,
+    Russia; Baron Guldenstuble, of Paris; Baron Von Schick, of
+    Austria; Baron Von Dirkinck, of Holmfield, Holstein; Le Comte de
+    Bullet, of Paris; Duke of Leuchtenberg, of Germany. Of England
+    there are Lord Lyndhurst, Lord Lindsay, Lord Adare, Lord Dunraven,
+    Sir W. Trevilyan, Countess Carthness, Sir T. Willshire, Lady
+    Cowper, Sir Charles Napier, Sir Charles Isham, Bart., Colonel E.
+    B. Wilbraham, of the English army," etc.
+
+
+The late Alexander III, of Russia, and the queen of Spain are also
+reckoned among the number. Thus, so far as the agency of the spirits is
+concerned, there is nothing in the way of the speedy fulfilment of Rev.
+16:14.
+
+
+
+
+
+CONCLUSION.
+
+
+The reader now has before him, in brief, the main outlines of this
+momentous subject.
+
+1. Spiritualism, so far as its phenomena are concerned, is not humbug and
+trickery, but a real manifestation of power and intelligence.
+
+2. But the marvels and wonders are not performed by the spirits of the
+dead.
+
+3. Evil spirits step in and counterfeit what are supposed to be the
+spirits of the dead, in which men have been taught to believe, simulating
+points of identity to any minute particular that may be required.
+
+4. Besides starting on this false assumption, all their teaching shows
+that they are agents of evil, not of good, and their work is to degrade,
+not elevate.
+
+5. The world by long resistance of the truth, has prepared the way for
+this deception, which the spirit that worketh in the children of
+disobedience is not slow to improve.
+
+6. Even the churches of Christ, by rejection of the truth, are preparing
+themselves for the same snare.
+
+7. The Scriptures have plainly pointed out this great outbreak of the
+working of Satan, and invariably connected it with the last days and the
+second coming of Christ.
+
+8. Spiritualism is thus a subject of prophecy, and an infallible sign and
+precursor of the soon-coming end.
+
+9. The great day of the Lord is near and hasteth greatly; and all things
+now call upon all men to prepare for its eternal decisions.
+
+Is this the lesson? Who will heed it and thus escape the delusions and
+perils of these last days, and be finally saved in the kingdom of heaven?
+
+
+
+
+
+INDEX OF AUTHORS REFERRED TO.
+
+
+Alexander, Emperor, 146
+
+Axahof, Hon. Alexander, 146
+
+Adare, Lord, 146
+
+Alexander III., 146
+
+Bellachini, Mr., 14
+
+Barrett, Dr. W. F., 15
+
+Bright, John, 30
+
+Buddha, 86, 87, 88
+
+Brittan, Professor, 111
+
+Brooklyn, May, 128
+
+Channing, Dr., 4
+
+Cook, Joseph, 12
+
+Crookes, Professor, 17
+
+Crookes, Wm., F. R. S., 29
+
+Clarke, Dr. Adam, 50, 56, 91, 92
+
+Carey, Alice, 78
+
+Confucius, 86, 88
+
+Conant, Mrs., 90, 119
+
+Curry, Dr., 56, 92
+
+Claflin, Mr., 109
+
+Carter, Judge, 113
+
+Campbell, Alexander, 143
+
+Carthness, Countess, 146
+
+Cowper, Lady, 146
+
+Dixon, Hepworth, 28
+
+Davis, A. J., 29, 97, 100, 105, 112, 114, 118
+
+Davenport, Messrs., 29
+
+Dow, Lorenzo, 143
+
+Dunraven, Lord, 146
+
+De Bullet, Le Compte, 146
+
+Eglinton, Mr., 13
+
+Edmunds, Judge, 28, 117, 118
+
+Fox, John D., 18
+
+Fox, Mrs., 18, 19, 20, 21
+
+Fox, Margaret, 18, 20, 22
+
+Fox, Kate, 18, 19, 20
+
+Fox, David, 18
+
+Fox, Mary, 21
+
+Fox, Catharine, 22
+
+Franklin, Benjamin, 85
+
+Geary, Mr., 13
+
+Glanvil, Mr., 20
+
+Gridley, Dr., 114, 115
+
+Guldenstuble, Baron, 146
+
+Hazard, Thos. R., 11
+
+Harrison, W. H., F. R. S., 29
+
+Home, Mr., 29
+
+Hendricks, Mrs., 31
+
+Hatch, Mrs. C. L. V., 83, 106
+
+Hare, Dr., 84, 85, 89, 92, 99
+
+Harris, "Rev." T. L., 94
+
+Hall, Hon. J. B., 101
+
+Hatch, Dr., 106
+
+Hudson, T. J., 17, 57, 74, 109, 111
+
+Hull, Moses, 109
+
+Hobart, Mr., 122
+
+Isham, Sir Charles, 146
+
+Jamieson, W. F., 109, 113
+
+Jaubert, M., 126
+
+Keller, Harvy, 13
+
+Krishna, 87
+
+Keck, Professor, 127
+
+Lillie, J. T., 21
+
+Loveland, J. S., 97
+
+Lull, Miss A. L., 125
+
+Lillie, Mrs. R. S., 127
+
+Leuchtenberg, Duke, 146
+
+Lyndhurst, Lord, 146
+
+Lindsay, Lord, 146
+
+Mompesson, Mr., 20
+
+Milton, John, 40
+
+Mohammed, 87, 88
+
+Massey, Gerald, 114
+
+Mahan, Pres., 121
+
+Metternich, Prince, 146
+
+Metternich, Princess, 146
+
+Norton, Deacon John, 89
+
+Napoleon, Louis, 146
+
+Napier, Sir Charles, 146
+
+Owen, Robert Dale, 18, 19
+
+Olshausen, Dr., 56
+
+Orton, Mr., 84
+
+Origen, 141
+
+Putnam, Allen, 75
+
+Paine, Thomas, 85, 87
+
+Potter, Dr. William B., 107
+
+Parker, Theodore, 114
+
+Queen of Spain, 146
+
+Redfield, Mrs., 21
+
+Randolph, Dr. B. P., 104, 105, 112, 128
+
+Richmond, Mrs. Cora L. V., 126
+
+Slade, Mr., 14
+
+Savage, M. J., 15, 22, 24, 25, 32
+
+Stead, W. T., 31
+
+Stanford, Leland, 31
+
+Tiffany, Joel, 90
+
+Tuttle, Hudson, 113, 116, 146
+
+Trevilyan, Sir W., 146
+
+Underhill, Leah Fox, 21
+
+Underwood, Mrs. S. A., 26, 80, 123
+
+Vinet, Dr., 5
+
+Victoria, Queen, 146
+
+Von Schick, Baron, 146
+
+Von Dirkinck, Baron, 146
+
+Wesley, Mr., 20
+
+Wood, Rev. J. G., 26
+
+Wallace, Alfred R. F. R. S., 29, 30
+
+Weisse, Dr., 84
+
+Washington, George, 85, 114
+
+Wilson, R. P., 88
+
+Whitney, J. F., 105
+
+Woodhull, Mrs., 109
+
+Wilson, James Victor, 112, 113
+
+Webster, Professor, 118
+
+Watson, Dr., 125
+
+Wittgenstein, Prince, 146
+
+Willshire, Sir T., 146
+
+Wilbraham, Col. E. B., 146
+
+Z�llner, Professor, 12, 13
+
+Zoroaster, 68, 88
+
+
+
+
+
+INDEX OF BOOKS, PAPERS, ETC., QUOTED.
+
+
+Automatic or Spirit Writing, 15, 26, 80, 86, 98, 111, 119, 120, 121, 123,
+124, 133
+
+_Arena_, The, 15
+
+Astounding Facts from the Spirit World, 114
+
+_Banner of Light_, 21, 78, 79, 83, 84, 86, 89, 90, 97, 101, 119, 123, 125,
+126, 127
+
+_Christian at Work_, The, 29, 30
+
+_Chronicle_, San Francisco 29
+
+Century Dictionary, 35
+
+_Christian Reformer_, The, 129
+
+Declaration of Principles of the Spiritualists, 102, 125
+
+Dealings with the Dead, 104, 112, 123
+
+Death and the After Life, 118
+
+Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen, 121
+
+_Forum_, The, 16, 22
+
+Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World, 18
+
+_Fortnightly Review_, 29, 30
+
+Home Circle, 14
+
+Healing of the Nations, 96, 97, 99, 102
+
+_Herald_, Boston, 130
+
+Kojiki Nohonki, 132
+
+Koran, 132
+
+Kan-Ying-Peen, 132
+
+Law of Physic Phenomena, 17, 57, 74, 109, 111
+
+Life in Two Spheres, 113, 116
+
+Law Books of Manu, 132
+
+Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, and Miracles, 75
+
+_North American_, Philadelphia, 11
+
+Nineteenth Century Miracles, 13, 126
+
+Nature of Divine Revelation, 97
+
+Paradise Lost, 40
+
+_Pathfinder_, New York, 105
+
+Purana, 132
+
+_Quarterly Journal of Science_, 29
+
+_Religio-Philosophical Journal_, 14, 28, 80, 125
+
+Report of the 37th Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, 21
+
+_Review of Reviews_, 31
+
+_Record_, Philadelphia, 128
+
+_Spiritual Clarion_, 14
+
+_Spiritual Telegraph_, 83, 96, 122
+
+Spiritual Science Demonstrated, 89, 92
+
+Spiritualism as It Is, 107, 108, 123
+
+Spiritualism 118
+
+Shaster, 132
+
+_The Border Land_, 31
+
+Treatise on Christian Doctrine, 40
+
+_Truth Seeker_, 83
+
+Telegraphic Answer to Mahan, 111
+
+The Diakka and their Earthly Victims, 112, 113
+
+_Tribune_, Chicago, 128, 129
+
+Tao-Te-King, 132
+
+Tripitaka, 132
+
+Veda, 132
+
+_World_, New York, 30
+
+What Is Spiritualism, 146
+
+Zend Avesta, 132
+
+
+
+
+
+INDEX OF TEXTS OF SCRIPTURE ILLUSTRATED OR EXPLAINED.
+
+
+GENESIS.
+  1:1-5, 93
+  1:28, 68
+  2:2, 46
+  2:7, 45
+  3:4, 39
+  4:10, 52
+  7:21, 22, 45
+  35:18, 61
+
+LEVITICUS.
+  19:31, 36, 53
+
+NUMBERS.
+  16:22, 48, 50
+  27:16, 50
+
+DEUTERONOMY.
+  13:1-3, 5, 77
+  18:9-12, 36
+
+1 SAMUEL.
+  Chap. 28, 52, 53
+
+1 KINGS.
+  4:1, 73
+  17:21, 22, 61
+
+2 KINGS.
+  19:35, 72
+  21:2, 6, 9, 11, 36
+
+JOB.
+  7:21, 62
+  14:21, 63
+  19:25-27, 93
+  34: 14, 15, 45
+
+PSALMS.
+  6:5, 63
+  13:3, 62
+  17:15, 93
+  115:17, 63
+  119:105, 131
+  146:3, 4, 62
+
+ECCLESIASTES.
+  3:19, 21, 45
+  8:11, 101
+  9:5, 6, 10, 43
+  12:7, 44, 45
+
+ISAIAH.
+  5:20, 101
+  8:19, 74
+  8:19, 20, 75, 133
+  14:12-14, 67
+  26:19, 93
+  38:1, 5, 18, 19, 63
+  61:1, 50
+
+EZEKIEL.
+  18:20, 97
+  28:, 67
+  28:2, 12-15, 68
+  37:12, 93
+
+DANIEL.
+  11:2, 93
+
+HOSEA.
+  13:14, 93
+
+HABAKKUK.
+  2:11, 52
+
+MATTHEW.
+  10:28, 50, 51, 52
+  10:39, 51
+  15:13, 9
+  17:3, 56
+  22:23-28, 32, 61
+  24:23-35, 135
+  24:24, 83, 134
+  24:30, 31, 58
+  25:32, 33, 97
+  27:18, 85
+  28:3, 4, 72
+
+LUKE.
+  10:18, 71
+  14:14, 64
+  16:, 57
+  19:35, 64
+  23:39-43, 58, 59
+
+JOHN.
+  3:6, 46
+  3:19-21, 109
+  6:39,40, 64
+  6:40, 51
+  8:44, 67
+  11:11, 62
+  11:25, 55
+  14:30, 68
+  19:31-33, 60
+  20:17, 59
+
+ACTS.
+  7:60, 62
+  16:16-18, 36
+  17:31, 64
+  26:23, 57
+
+ROMANS.
+  2:15, 95
+  4:17, 61
+  6:16, 68
+  6:23, 97
+
+1 CORINTHIANS.
+  11:30, 62
+  15:, 92
+  15:18, 64
+  15:51, 62
+  15:51-54, 61
+
+2 CORINTHIANS.
+  4:4, 68
+  5:2, 61
+  12:2-4, 59
+
+GALATIANS.
+  5:19-21, 36
+
+EPHESIANS.
+  2:2, 68
+  6:11, 72
+  6:12, 73
+
+PHILIPPIANS.
+  3:11, 61
+  1:23, 61
+
+1 THESSALONIANS.
+  4:14, 62
+  4:15-17, 58, 61
+  5:23, 48
+
+2 THESSALONIANS.
+  2:8,9, 139
+  2:9-12, 138
+
+1 TIMOTHY.
+  1:17, 42
+  3:6, 67
+  4:1, 73, 88
+  6:16 42
+
+2 TIMOTHY.
+  3:8, 144
+  4:1, 8, 64
+  4:1, 10-12, 139
+
+HEBREWS.
+  2:14, 55
+  10:25-29, 135
+  11:15, 16, 61
+  11:40, 48
+  12:9, 23, 50
+  12:23, 47, 50
+
+JAMES.
+  4:6-8, 72
+
+1 PETER.
+  1:11, 49
+  3:19, 48
+  3:20, 49
+  5:8, 9, 73
+
+2 PETER.
+  1:16-18, 56
+  1:19, 131
+  2:4, 66, 72
+  3:7, 13, 72
+
+1 JOHN.
+  2:22, 87
+  2:23, 83
+  4:1, 16-18, 134
+  4:3, 88
+  5:18, 72
+
+JUDE.
+  Verse 4, 88
+  " 6, 66
+  " 9, 55
+
+REVELATION.
+  2:7, 59
+  5:13, 72
+  6:9-11, 52
+  12:3, 4, 137
+  12:7, 71
+  12:12, 135
+  13:1-10, 137
+  13:11, 13, 14, 136
+  13:11-17, 138
+  14:1-5, 138
+  14:8, 144
+  16:13, 14, 75, 138
+  16:14, 145, 146
+  17:5, 142
+  18:2, 140
+  18:2, 4, 5, 144
+  19:11-21, 145
+  19:20, 138
+  20:4-6, 51
+  20:14, 15, 72
+  21:8, 36, 93
+  22:1, 2, 59
+  22:15, 93
+
+
+
+
+
+
+FOOTNOTES
+
+
+    1 Original edition.
+
+    2 Original edition. Not found in the mutilated edition, revised by Dr.
+      Curry.
+
+    3 The revision of Dr. Clarke's Commentary by Dr. Curry, proves the
+      truthfulness of what the doctor here says, for this important
+      passage is entirely eliminated, and its place filled with statements
+      which Dr. Clarke did not make, and sentiments which he did not
+      believe. It is no less than a crime to treat a dead man's work in
+      this manner.
+
+    4 For a full argument on this point, fortified by testimony, the
+      application of which is beyond question, see works treating on the
+      United States as a subject of prophecy, for sale by the
+      International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.
+
+    5 See works on the three messages of Revelation 14, for sale by the
+      International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.
+
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MODERN SPIRITUALISM***
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+<div lang="en" class="tei tei-text" style="margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em" xml:lang="en">
+  <div class="tei tei-front" style="margin-bottom: 6.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
+    <div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+      <div id="pgheader" class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"><p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 2.00em">The Project Gutenberg EBook of Modern Spiritualism by Uriah Smith</p></div><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"><p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost
+          and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it,
+          give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project
+          Gutenberg License <a href="#pglicense" class="tei tei-ref">included with this
+          eBook</a> or online at <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/license" class="tei tei-xref">http://www.gutenberg.org/license</a></p></div><pre class="pre tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">Title: Modern Spiritualism
+
+Author: Uriah Smith
+
+Release Date: November 7, 2008 [Ebook #27197]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MODERN SPIRITUALISM***
+</pre></div>
+    </div>
+    <div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+      
+    </div>
+
+    <hr class="page" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+      <p class="tei tei-p" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.73em"><span style="font-size: 173%">MODERN SPIRITUALISM</span></p>
+      <p class="tei tei-p" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.20em"><span style="font-size: 120%">A SUBJECT OF PROPHECY</span></p>
+      <p class="tei tei-p" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.20em"><span style="font-size: 120%">AND A</span></p>
+      <p class="tei tei-p" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.44em"><span style="font-size: 144%">SIGN OF THE TIMES.</span></p>
+      <p class="tei tei-p" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.44em"><span style="font-size: 144%">BY URIAH SMITH</span></p>
+      <p class="tei tei-p" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em">THE REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING CO.</p>
+      <p class="tei tei-p" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em">1896.</p>
+    </div>
+    <hr class="page" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+      <h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Contents</span></h1>
+      <ul class="tei tei-index tei-index-toc"><li><a href="#toc1">Preface.</a></li><li><a href="#toc3">Chapter One. Opening Thought.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc5">A Manifestation of Power.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc6">A Manifestation of Intelligence.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc7">The Progress of Spiritualism.</a></li><li><a href="#toc8">Chapter Two. What is the Agency in Question?</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc10">Credentials of the Bible.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc11">An Impossibility.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc12">The Soul Not Immortal.</a></li><li><a href="#toc13">Chapter Three. The Dead Unconscious.</a></li><li><a href="#toc15">Chapter Four. They Are Evil Angels.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc17">Warnings Against Evil Spirits.</a></li><li><a href="#toc18">Chapter Five. What The Spirits Teach.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc20">They Deny All Distinction Between Right
+And Wrong.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc21">Dangers Of Mediumship.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc22">Miscellaneous Teaching.</a></li><li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc23">Spirits Cannot Be Identified.</a></li><li><a href="#toc24">Chapter Six. Its Promises: How Fulfilled.</a></li><li><a href="#toc26">Chapter Seven. Spiritualism A Subject Of Prophecy.</a></li><li><a href="#toc28">Conclusion.</a></li><li><a href="#toc30">Index Of Authors Referred To.</a></li><li><a href="#toc32">Index Of Books, Papers, Etc., Quoted.</a></li><li><a href="#toc34">Index Of Texts Of Scripture Illustrated Or Explained.</a></li><li><a href="#toc36">Footnotes</a></li></ul>
+    </div>
+
+  </div>
+<div class="tei tei-body" style="margin-bottom: 6.00em; margin-top: 6.00em">
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page003">[pg 003]</span><a name="Pg003" id="Pg003" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<hr class="page" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc1" id="toc1"></a>
+<a name="pdf2" id="pdf2"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Preface.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+For nearly fifty years Spiritualism has been before
+the world. This surely is time enough to enable
+it to show its character by its fruits. <span class="tei tei-q">“By their
+fruits ye shall know them,”</span> is a rule that admits
+of no exceptions. If evil fruits appear, the tree is
+corrupt.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spiritualism has made unbounded promises of
+good. It has claimed to be the long-promised second
+coming of Christ; the opening of a new era among
+mankind; the rosy portal of a golden age, when all
+men should be reformed, evil disappear, and the
+renovation of society cause the hearts of men to
+leap for joy, and the earth to blossom as the rose.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Has it fulfilled all, or any, of these promises?
+If not, is it not a deception? and if a deception,
+considering its wide-spread influence, and the number
+of its adherents, is it not one of the most
+gigantic and appalling deceptions that has ever fallen
+upon Christendom? The Bible in the plainest terms,
+declares that in the last days malign influences will
+be let loose upon the world; false pretensions
+will be urged upon the minds of men; and deceptions,
+backed up by preternatural signs and wonders,
+will develop to such a degree of strength, that, if
+it were possible, they would deceive the very elect.
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page004">[pg 004]</span><a name="Pg004" id="Pg004" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+Is it possible that Spiritualism may be the very
+development of evil, against which this warning
+is directed?
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+To investigate these questions, and to show by
+unimpeachable testimony, what Spiritualism is, and
+the place it holds among the psychological movements
+of the present day, is the object of these pages.
+Not a few books have been written against Spiritualism;
+but most of them endeavor to account for it
+on the ground of human jugglery and imposture, or
+on natural principles, the discovery of a new and
+heretofore occult force in nature, etc., from which
+great things may be expected in the future. But
+rarely has any one discussed it from the standpoint
+of prophecy, and the testimony of the Scriptures,
+the only point of view, as we believe, from which its
+true origin, nature, and tendency, can be ascertained.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Many features in the work of Spiritualism would
+seem to indicate that the source from which it springs
+is far from good; but it is based upon a church
+dogma, firmly established through all Christendom,
+which in many minds is of sufficient weight to overbalance
+considerations that would otherwise be considered
+ample grounds for shunning or renouncing it.
+It is therefore the more necessary that the reader,
+in examining this question, should let the bonds that
+have heretofore bound him to preconceived opinions,
+sit loose upon him, and that he should put himself
+in the mood of Dr. Channing when he said: <span class="tei tei-q">“I
+must choose to receive the truth, no matter how it
+bears upon myself, and must follow it no matter
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page005">[pg 005]</span><a name="Pg005" id="Pg005" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+where it leads, from what party it severs me, or to
+what party it allies.”</span> And he should remember also,
+as the eminent and pious Dr. Vinet once sagaciously
+observed, that <span class="tei tei-q">“even now, after eighteen centuries
+of Christianity, we are very probably involved in
+some enormous error, of which Christianity will, in
+some future time, make us ashamed.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In view, therefore, of the importance of this
+question, and the tremendous issues that hang on
+the decisions we may make in these perilous times,
+we feel justified even in <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">adjuring</span></em> the reader to
+canvass this subject with an inflexible determination
+to learn the truth, and then to follow it wherever
+it may lead.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-variant: small-caps">U. S.</span></span><br />
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Battle Creek, Mich., 1897.</span></span>
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page009">[pg 009]</span><a name="Pg009" id="Pg009" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<hr class="page" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc3" id="toc3"></a>
+<a name="pdf4" id="pdf4"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Chapter One.</span></h1>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Opening Thought.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+What think ye? Whence is it—from heaven
+or of men? Such was the nature of the question
+addressed by our Saviour to the men of his
+time, concerning the baptism of John. It is the
+crucial question by which to test every system that
+comes to us in the garb of religion: Is it from
+heaven or of men? And if a true answer to the
+question can be found, it must determine our attitude
+toward it; for if it is from heaven, it challenges
+at once our acceptance and profound regard, but if
+it is of men, sooner or later, in this world or in the
+world to come, it will be destroyed with all its followers;
+for our Saviour has declared that every
+plant which our heavenly Father has not planted
+shall be rooted up. Matt. 15:13.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+To those who do not believe in any <span class="tei tei-q">“heavenly
+Father,”</span> nor in <span class="tei tei-q">“Christ the Saviour,”</span> nor in any
+<span class="tei tei-q">“revealed word of God,”</span> we would say that these
+points will be assumed in this work rather than
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page010">[pg 010]</span><a name="Pg010" id="Pg010" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+directly argued, though many incidental proofs will
+appear, to which we trust our friends will be pleased
+to give some consideration. But we address ourselves
+particularly to those who still have faith in
+God the Father of all; in his divine Son, our Lord
+Jesus Christ, through whose blood we have redemption;
+in the Bible as the inspired revelation of God's
+will; and in the Holy Spirit as the enlightener of the
+mind, and the sanctifier of the soul. To all those to
+whom this position is common ground, the Bible will
+be the standard of authority, and the court of last
+appeal, in the study upon which we now enter.
+</p>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc5" id="toc5"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">A Manifestation of Power.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spiritualism cannot be disposed of with a sneer.
+A toss of the head and a cry of <span class="tei tei-q">“humbug,”</span> will not
+suffice to meet its claims and the testimony of careful,
+conservative men who have studied thoroughly
+into the genuineness of its manifestations, and have
+sought for the secret of its power, and have become
+satisfied as to the one, and been wholly baffled as to
+the other. That there have been abundant instances
+of attempted fraud, deception, jugglery, and imposition,
+is not to be denied. But this does not by any
+means set aside the fact that there have been manifestations
+of more than human power, the evidence
+for which has never been impeached. The detection
+of a few sham mediums, who are trying to impose
+upon the credulity of the public, for money, may
+satisfy the careless and unthinking, that the whole
+affair is a humbug. Such will dismiss the matter
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page011">[pg 011]</span><a name="Pg011" id="Pg011" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+from their minds, and depart, easier subjects to
+be captured by the movement when some manifestation
+appears for which they can find no explanation.
+But the more thoughtful and careful observers well
+know that the exposure of these mountebanks does
+not account for the numberless manifestations of
+power, and the steady current of phenomena, utterly
+inexplicable on any human hypothesis, which have
+attended the movement from the beginning.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The Philadelphia <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">North American</span></span>, of July 31,
+1885, published a communication from Thomas R.
+Hazard, in which he says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">But Spiritualism, whatever may be thought of it, must
+be recognized as a fact. It is one of the characteristic intellectual
+or emotional phenomena of the times, and as such, it
+is deserving of a more serious examination than it has yet
+received. There are those who say it is all humbug, and
+that everything outside of the ordinary course which takes
+place at the so-called séances, is the direct result of fraudulent
+and deliberative imposture; in short, that every Spiritualist
+must be either a fool or a knave. The serious objection
+to this hypothesis is that the explanation is almost as difficult
+of belief as the occurrences which it explains. There must
+certainly be some Spiritualists who are both honest and
+intelligent; and if the manifestations at the séances were
+altogether and invariably fraudulent, surely the whole thing
+must have collapsed long before this; and the Seybert Commission,
+which finds it necessary to extend its investigations
+over an indefinite period, which will certainly not be less
+than a year, would have been able to sweep the delusion
+away in short order.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The phenomena are so well known, that it is
+unnecessary to recount them here. Among them
+may be mentioned such achievements as these: Various
+articles have been transported from place to
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page012">[pg 012]</span><a name="Pg012" id="Pg012" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+place, without human hands, but by the agency of
+so-called spirits only; beautiful music has been
+produced independently of human agency, with and
+without the aid of visible instruments; many well-attested
+cases of healing have been presented; persons
+have been carried through the air by the spirits
+in the presence of many witnesses; tables have been
+suspended in the air with several persons upon them;
+purported spirits have presented themselves in bodily
+form and talked with an audible voice; and all this
+not once or twice merely, but times without number,
+as may be gathered from the records of Spiritualism,
+all through its history.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A few particular instances, as samples, it may be
+allowable to notice: Not many years since, Joseph
+Cook made his memorable tour around the world.
+In Europe he met the famous German philosopher,
+Professor Zöllner. Mr. Zöllner had been carefully
+investigating the phenomena of Spiritualism, and
+assured Mr. Cook of the following occurrences as
+facts, under his own observation: Knots had been
+found tied in the middle of cords, by some invisible
+agency, while both ends were made securely fast, so
+that they could not be tampered with; messages were
+written between doubly and trebly sealed slates;
+coin had passed through a table in a manner to illustrate
+the suspension of the laws of impenetrability of
+matter; straps of leather were knotted under his
+own hand; the impression of two feet was given on
+sooted paper pasted inside of two sealed slates;
+whole and uninjured wooden rings were placed
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page013">[pg 013]</span><a name="Pg013" id="Pg013" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+around the standard of a card table, over either end
+of which they could by no possibility be slipped;
+and finally the table itself, a heavy beechen structure,
+wholly disappeared, and then fell from the top
+of the room where Professor Zöllner and his friends
+were sitting.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In further confirmation of the fact that real
+spiritualistic manifestations are no sleight-of-hand
+performances, we cite the case of Harry Kellar, a
+professional performer, as given in <span class="tei tei-q">“Nineteenth
+Century Miracles,”</span> p. 213. The séance was held
+with the medium, Eglinton, in Calcutta, India, Jan.
+25, 1882. He says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">It is needless to say that I went as a skeptic; but I must
+own that I have come away utterly unable to explain by any
+natural means the phenomena that I witnessed on Tuesday
+evening.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+He then describes the particulars of the séance.
+An intelligence, purporting to be the spirit of one
+Geary, gave a communication. Mr. Kellar did not
+recognize the name nor recall the man. The message
+was repeated, with the added circumstances of
+the time and particulars of a previous meeting, when
+Mr. Kellar recalled the events, and, much to his surprise,
+the whole matter came clearly to his recollection.
+He then adds:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I still remain a skeptic as regards Spiritualism, but I
+repeat my inability to explain or account for what must have
+been an intelligent force which produced the writing on the
+slate, which, if my senses are to be relied on, was in no way
+the result of trickery or sleight-of-hand.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page014">[pg 014]</span><a name="Pg014" id="Pg014" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Another instance from <span class="tei tei-q">“Home Circle,”</span> p. 25,
+is that of Mr. Bellachini, also a professional conjuror,
+of Berlin, Germany. His interview was with
+the celebrated medium, Mr. Slade. From his testimony
+we quote the following:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I have not, in the smallest degree, found anything to be
+produced by prestidigitative manifestations or mechanical
+apparatus; and any explanation of the experiments which
+took place under the circumstances and conditions then
+obtaining, by any reference to prestidigitation, is </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">absolutely
+impossible</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">. I declare, moreover, the published opinions of
+laymen as to the </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">How</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> of this subject, to be premature,
+and according to my views and experience, false and
+one-sided.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Dated,
+Berlin, Dec. 6, 1877.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+When professional conjurors bear such testimony
+as this, while it does not prove Spiritualism to be
+what it claims to be, it does disprove the humbug
+theory.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In addition to this, it appears that two propositions,
+one of $2000, and the other of $5000, have
+been offered to the one who claimed to be able to
+duplicate all the manifestations of Spiritualism, to
+duplicate two well-authenticated tests; but the challenge
+has never been accepted, nor the reward
+claimed. See <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Religio-Philosophical Journal</span></span>, of Jan.
+15, 1881, and January, 1883.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A writer in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Spiritual Clarion</span></span>, in an article
+on <span class="tei tei-q">“The Millennium of Spiritualism,”</span> bears the
+following testimony in regard to the power and
+strength of the movement:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">This revelation has been with a power, a might, that if
+divested of its almost universal benevolence, had been a terror
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page015">[pg 015]</span><a name="Pg015" id="Pg015" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+to the very soul; the hair of the very bravest had stood on
+end, and his chilled blood had crept back upon his heart, at
+the sights and sounds of its inexplicable phenomena. It comes
+with foretokening and warning. It has been, from the very
+first, its own best prophet, and step by step, it has foretold
+the progress it would make. It comes, too, most triumphant.
+No faith before it ever took such a victorious stand in its
+very infancy. It has swept like a hurricane of fire through
+the land, compelling faith from the baffled scoffer, and the
+most determined doubter.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Dr. W. F. Barrett, Professor of Experimental
+Physics in the Royal College of Dublin, says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">It is well known to those who have made the phenomena
+of Spiritualism the subject of prolonged and careful inquiry,
+in the spirit of exact and unimpassioned scientific research,
+that beneath a repellent mass of imposture and delusion there
+remain certain inexplicable and startling facts which science
+can neither explain away nor deny.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Automatic, or Spirit,
+Writing,</span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic"> p. 11 (1896).</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Arena</span></span> of November, 1892, p. 688, Mr.
+M. J. Savage, the noted Unitarian minister of
+Boston, says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Next comes what are ordinarily classed together as
+</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">mediumistic phenomena.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> The most important of these
+are psychometry, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">vision</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> of </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">spirit</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> forms, claimed communications
+by means of rappings, table movements, automatic
+writing, independent writing, trance speaking, etc.
+With them also ought to be noted what are generally called
+physical phenomena, though in most cases, since they are
+intelligibly directed, the use of the word </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">physical,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> without
+this qualification, might be misleading. These physical phenomena
+include such facts as the movement of material
+objects by other than the ordinary muscular force, the
+making objects heavier or lighter when tested by the scales,
+the playing on musical instruments by some invisible power,
+etc.... Now all of these referred to (with the exception
+of independent writing, and materialization) I know to be
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page016">[pg 016]</span><a name="Pg016" id="Pg016" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+genuine. I do not at all mean by this that I know that the
+</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">spiritualistic</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> interpretation of them is the true one. I
+mean only that they are genuine phenomena; that they have
+occurred; that they are not tricks or the result of fraud.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Forum</span></span> of December, 1889, p. 455, the
+same writer describes his experience at the house
+of a friend with whom he had been acquainted eight
+or ten years. When about to depart, he thought
+he would try an experiment. He says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">She and I stood at opposite ends of the table at which
+we had been sitting. Both of us having placed the tips of
+our fingers lightly on the top of the table, I spoke, as if
+addressing some unseen force connected with the table, and
+said: </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Now I must go; will you not accompany me to the
+door?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> The door was ten or fifteen feet distant, and was
+closed. The table started. It had no casters, and in order
+to make it move as it did, we should have had to go behind
+and push it. As a matter of fact we led it, while it accompanied
+us all the way, and struck against the door with
+considerable force.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+From the same article, p. 456, we quote again:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I add one more experiment of my own. I sat one day in
+a heavy, stuffed armchair. The psychic sat beside me, and
+laying his hand on the back of the chair, gradually raised it.
+Immediately I felt and saw myself, chair and all, lifted into
+the air at least one foot from the floor. There was no uneven
+motion implying any sense of effort on the part of the lifting
+force; and I was gently lowered again to the carpet. This
+was in broad light, in a hotel parlor, and in presence of a
+keen-eyed lawyer friend. I could plainly watch the whole
+thing. No man living could have lifted me in such a
+position, and besides, I saw that the psychic made not the
+slightest apparent effort. Nor was there any machinery or
+preparation of any kind. My companion, the lawyer, on
+going away, speaking in reference to the whole sitting, said:
+</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I've seen enough evidence to hang every man in the State—enough
+to prove </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">anything excepting this</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page017">[pg 017]</span><a name="Pg017" id="Pg017" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Professor Crookes, of London, relates having seen and
+heard an accordion played on while it was enclosed in a wire
+net-work, and not touched by any visible hand. I have seen
+an approach to the same thing. In daylight I have seen a
+man hold an accordion in the air, not more than three feet
+away from me. He held it by one hand, grasping the side
+opposite to that on which the keys were fixed. In this
+position, it, or something, played long tunes, the side containing
+the keys being pushed in and drawn out without any contact
+that I could see. I then said, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Will it not play for me?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">
+The reply was, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I don't know: you can try it.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> I then took
+the accordion in my hands. There was no music; but what
+did occur was quite as inexplicable to me, and quite as convincing
+as a display of some kind of power. I know not how
+to express it, except by saying that the accordion was seized
+as if by some one trying to take it away from me. To test
+this power, I grasped the instrument with both hands. The
+struggle was as real as though my antagonist was another
+man. I succeeded in keeping it, but only by the most
+strenuous efforts.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">On another occasion I was sitting with a </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">medium.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">
+I was too far away for him to reach me, even had he tried,
+which he did not do; for he sat perfectly quiet. My knees
+were not under the table, but were where I could see them
+plainly. Suddenly my right knee was grasped as by a hand.
+It was a firm grip. I could feel the print and pressure of all
+the fingers. I said not a word of the strange sensation, but
+quietly put my right hand down and clasped my knee in order
+to see if I could feel anything on my hand. At once I felt
+what seemed like the most delicate finger tips playing over
+my own fingers and gradually rising in their touches toward
+my wrist. When this was reached, I felt a series of clear,
+distinct, and definite pats, as though made by a hand of fleshy
+vigor. I made no motion to indicate what was going on, and
+said not a word until the sensation had passed. All this while
+I was carefully watching my hand, for it was plain daylight,
+and it was in full view; but I saw nothing.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+We need not multiply evidence on this point. A
+remark by T. J. Hudson (<span class="tei tei-q">“Law of Psychic Phenomena,”</span>
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page018">[pg 018]</span><a name="Pg018" id="Pg018" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+p. 206, McClurg &amp; Co., Chicago, 1894)
+may fitly close this division of the subject. He
+says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I will not waste time, however, by attempting to prove
+by experiments of my own, or of others, that such phenomena
+do occur. It is too late for that. The facts are too well
+known to the civilized world to require proof at this time.
+The man who denies the phenomena of spiritism to-day is
+not entitled to be called a skeptic, he is simply ignorant;
+and it would be a hopeless task to attempt to enlighten him.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc6" id="toc6"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">A Manifestation of Intelligence.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+From the testimony already given it is evident
+that there is connected with Spiritualism an agency
+that is able to manifest power and strength beyond
+anything that human beings, unaided, are
+able to exert. It is just as evident that the same
+agency possesses intelligence beyond the power of
+human minds. Indeed, this was the very feature
+that first brought it to the attention of the public.
+Spiritualism, as the reader is doubtless aware, originated
+in the family of Mr. John D. Fox, in Hydesville,
+near Rochester, N. Y., in the spring of 1848.
+Robert Dale Owen, in his work called <span class="tei tei-q">“Footfalls
+on the Boundary of Another World,”</span> p. 290, has
+given a full narration of the circumstances attending
+this remarkable event. The particulars, he states,
+he had from Mrs. Fox, and her two daughters, Margaret
+and Kate, and son, David. The attention of
+the family had been attracted by strange noises
+which finally assumed the form of raps, or muffled
+footfalls, and became very annoying. Chairs were
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page019">[pg 019]</span><a name="Pg019" id="Pg019" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+sometimes moved from their places, and this was
+once also the case with the dining-room table.
+Heard occasionally during February, the disturbance
+so increased during the latter part of March, as
+seriously to break the nightly repose of the family.
+But as these annoyances occurred only in the night-time,
+all the family hoped that soon, by some means,
+the mystery would be cleared away. They did not
+abandon this hope till Friday, the 31st of March,
+1848. Wearied by a succession of sleepless nights,
+the family retired early, hoping for a respite from
+the disturbances that had harassed them. In this they
+were doomed to especial disappointment. We can
+do no better than to let Mr. Owen continue the narrative,
+in his own words:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The parents had removed the children's beds into their
+bedroom, and strictly enjoined them not to talk of noises,
+even if they heard them. But scarcely had the mother seen
+them safely in bed, and was retiring to rest herself, when the
+children cried out, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Here they are again!</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> The mother
+chided them, and lay down. Thereupon the noises became
+louder and more startling. The children sat up in bed.
+Mrs. Fox called her husband. The night being windy, it
+was suggested to him that it might be the rattling of the
+sashes. He tried several to see if they were loose. Kate, the
+younger girl, happened to remark that as often as her father
+shook a window-sash, the noises seemed to reply. Being a
+lively child, and in a measure accustomed to what was going
+on, she turned to where the noise was, snapped her fingers,
+and called out, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Here, old Splitfoot, do as I do!</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> The knocking
+instantly responded.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">That was the very commencement. Who can tell where the
+end will be?</span></em></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I do not mean that it was Kate Fox, who thus, in
+childish jest, first discovered that these mysterious sounds
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page020">[pg 020]</span><a name="Pg020" id="Pg020" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+seemed instinct with intelligence. Mr. Mompesson, two hundred
+years ago, had already observed a similar phenomenon.
+Glanvil had verified it. So had Wesley, and his children. So
+we have seen, and others. But in all these cases the matter
+rested there and the observation was not prosecuted further.
+As, previous to the invention of the steam engine, sundry
+observers had trodden the very threshold of the discovery and
+there stopped, so in this case, where the royal chaplain,
+disciple though he was of the inductive philosophy, and
+where the founder of Methodism, admitting, as he did, the
+probabilities of ultramundane interference, were both at
+fault, a Yankee girl, but nine years old, following up more in
+sport than in earnest, a chance observation, became the
+instigator of a movement which, whatever its true character,
+has had its influence throughout the civilized world. The
+spark had been ignited,—once at least two centuries ago; but
+it had died each time without effect. It kindled no flame till
+the middle of the nineteenth century.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">And yet how trifling the step from the observation at
+Tedworth to the discovery at Hydesville! Mr. Mompesson,
+in bed with his little daughter (about Kate's age), whom the
+sound seemed chiefly to follow, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">observed that it would
+exactly answer, in drumming, anything that was beaten or
+called for.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> But his curiosity led him no further.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Not so Kate Fox. She tried, by silently bringing together
+her thumb and forefinger; whether she could obtain
+a response. Yes! It could </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">see</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, then, as well as </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">hear</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">. She
+called her mother. </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Only look, mother,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> she said, bringing
+together again her finger and thumb, as before. And as
+often as she repeated the noiseless motion, just as often
+responded the raps.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">This at once arrested her mother's attention. </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Count
+ten,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> she said, addressing the noise. Ten strokes, distinctly
+given! </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">How old is my daughter Margaret?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> Twelve
+strokes. </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">And Kate?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> Nine. </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">What can all this mean?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">
+was Mrs. Fox's thought. Who was answering her? Was it
+only some mysterious echo of her own thought? But the
+next question which she put seemed to refute the idea.
+</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">How many children have I?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> she asked aloud. Seven
+strokes. </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Ah!</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> she thought, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">it can blunder sometimes.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span>
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page021">[pg 021]</span><a name="Pg021" id="Pg021" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+And then aloud, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Try again.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> Still the number of raps was
+seven. Of a sudden a thought crossed Mrs. Fox's mind.
+</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Are they all alive?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> she asked. Silence for answer. </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">How
+many are living?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> Six strokes. </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">How many are dead?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> A
+single stroke. </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">She had lost a child.</span></em></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Then she asked, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Are you a man?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> No answer. </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Are
+you a spirit?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> It rapped. </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">May my neighbors hear, if I call
+them?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> It rapped again.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Thereupon she asked her husband to call her neighbor,
+a Mrs. Redfield, who came in laughing. But her cheer was
+soon changed. The answers to her inquiries were as prompt
+and pertinent, as they had been to those of Mrs. Fox. She
+was struck with awe; and when, in reply to a question about
+the number of her children, by rapping four, instead of three,
+as she expected, it reminded her of a little daughter, Mary,
+whom she had recently lost, the mother burst into tears.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+We have introduced this narrative thus at length
+not only because it is interesting in itself, but because
+it is of special interest that all the particulars
+of the origin, or beginning, of such a movement as
+this, should be well understood. The following
+paragraph will explain how it came to be called
+<span class="tei tei-q">“The Rochester Knockings,”</span> under which name it
+first became widely known. It is from the <span class="tei tei-q">“Report
+of the 37th Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism,”</span>
+held in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 31, 1885, and
+reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>, the 25th of the
+following month:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">After a song by J. T. Lillie, Mrs. Leah Fox Underhill,
+the elder of the three Fox sisters (who was on our platform),
+was requested to speak. Mrs. Underhill said that she was
+not a public speaker, but would answer any questions from
+the audience, and in response to these questions told in a
+graphic manner how the spirits came to their humble home
+in Hydesville, in 1848; how on the 31st of March the first
+intelligent communication from the spirit world came
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page022">[pg 022]</span><a name="Pg022" id="Pg022" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+through the raps; how the family had been annoyed by the
+manifestations, and by the notoriety that followed; how
+the younger sisters, Catherine and Margaret, were taken to
+Rochester, where she lived, by their mother, hoping that this
+great and apparent calamity might pass from them; how
+their father and mother prayed that this cup might be taken
+away, but the phenomena became more marked and violent;
+how in the morning they would find four coffins drawn with
+an artistic hand on the door of the dining-room of her home
+in Rochester, of different sizes, approximating to the ages and
+sizes of the family, and these were lined with a pink color,
+and they were told that unless they made this great fact
+known, they would all speedily die, and enter the spirit-world.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Gladly would they all have accepted this penalty for
+their disobedience in not making this truth known to the
+world. She told how they were compelled to hire Corinthian
+Hall in Rochester; how several public meetings were held
+in Rochester, culminating in the selection of a committee
+of prominent infidels, who, after submitting the Fox children
+to the most severe tests,—they being disrobed in the presence
+of a committee of ladies,—reported in their favor.... All
+the time she was on our platform, there was a continuous
+rapping by the spirits in response to what was being said by
+the several speakers, also in response to the singing, and all
+our exercises.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In the same volume of the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Forum</span></span> from which
+quotations have already been made, M. J. Savage
+states many facts which have a determinate bearing
+on the point now under consideration; namely, the
+intelligence manifested in the spiritual phenomena.
+From these we quote a few. He says (p. 452 and
+onward):—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I am in possession of quite a large body of apparent
+facts that I do not know what to do with.... That certain
+things to me inexplicable have occurred, I believe. The
+negative opinion of some one with whom no such things have
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page023">[pg 023]</span><a name="Pg023" id="Pg023" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+occurred, will not satisfy me.... I am ready to submit
+some specimens of those things that constitute my problem.
+They can be only specimens; for a detailed account of even
+half of those I have laid by, would stretch to the limits of
+a book.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">A merchant ship bound for New York was on her homeward
+voyage. She was in the Indian Ocean. The captain
+was engaged to be married to a lady living in New England.
+One day early in the afternoon he came, pale and excited, to
+one of his mates, and exclaimed, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Tom, Kate has just died! I
+have seen her die!</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> The mate looked at him in amazement,
+not knowing what to make of such talk. But the captain
+went on and described the whole scene—the room, her
+appearance, how she died, and all the circumstances. So
+real was it to him, and such was the effect on him, of his
+grief, that for two or three weeks, he was carefully watched
+lest he should do violence to himself. It was more than
+one hundred and fifty days before the ship reached her
+harbor. During all this time no news was received from
+home. But when at last the ship arrived at New York, it
+was found that Kate did die at the time and under the circumstances
+seen and described by the captain off the coast
+of India. This is only one case out of hundreds. What does
+it mean? Coincidence? Just happened so? This might be
+said of one; but a hundred of such coincidences become
+inexplicable.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The following is another instance mentioned by
+the same writer:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I went to the house of a woman in New York. She was
+not a professional. We had never seen each other before.
+We took seats in the parlor for a talk, I not looking for any
+manifestation. Raps began. I do not say whether they were
+really where they seemed to be or not; I know right well
+that the judgment is subject to illusion through the senses.
+But I was told a </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">spirit friend</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> was present; and soon the
+name, time, and place of death, etc., were given me. It was
+the name of a friend I had once known intimately. But
+twenty years had passed since the old intimacy; she had
+lived in another State; I am certain that she and the
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page024">[pg 024]</span><a name="Pg024" id="Pg024" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+psychic had never known or even heard of each other. She
+had died within a few months.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mr. Savage then gives examples where the power
+in question was exclusively mental:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The first time I was ever in the presence of a particular
+psychic, she went into a trance. She had never seen, and, so
+far as I know, had never had any way of hearing of my
+father, who had died some years previously. When I was a
+boy, he always called me by a special name that was never
+used by any other member of the family. In later years he
+hardly ever used it. But the entranced psychic said: </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">An
+old gentleman is here,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> and she described certain very marked
+peculiarities. Then she added: </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">He says he is your father,
+and he calls you ——,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> using the old childhood name of mine.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Again, same page:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">One case more, only, will I mention under this head.
+A most intimate friend of my youth had recently died. She
+had lived in another State, and the psychic did not know
+that such a person had ever existed. We were sitting alone
+when this old friend announced her presence. It was in this
+way: A letter of two pages was automatically written,
+addressed to me. I thought to myself as I read it,—I did
+not speak,—</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Were it possible, I should feel sure she had written
+this.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> I then said, as though speaking to her, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Will you
+not give me your name?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> It was given, both maiden and
+married name. I then began a conversation lasting over an
+hour, which seemed as real as any I ever have with my
+friends. She told me of her children, of her sisters. We
+talked over the events of boyhood and girlhood. I asked her
+if she remembered a book we used to read together, and she
+gave me the author's name. I asked again if she remembered
+the particular poem we were both specially fond of,
+and she named it at once. In the letter that was written,
+and in much of the conversation, there were apparent hints
+of identity, little touches and peculiarities that would mean
+much to an acquaintance, but nothing to a stranger. I could
+not but be much impressed. Now in this case, I know that
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page025">[pg 025]</span><a name="Pg025" id="Pg025" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+the psychic never knew of this person's existence, and of
+course not of our acquaintance.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mr. Savage then mentions cases which he calls
+still more inexplicable, because the information conveyed
+was not known either to the psychic (which
+seems to be the new name for medium) or to himself.
+He says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">But one more case dare I take the space for, though the
+budget is only opened. This one did not happen to me, but
+it is so hedged about and checked off, that its evidential
+value in a scientific way is absolutely perfect. The names
+of some of the parties concerned </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">would be recognized in two
+hemispheres</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">. A lady and gentleman visited a psychic. The
+gentleman was the lady's brother-in-law. The lady had an
+aunt who was ill in a city two or three hundred miles away.
+When the psychic had become entranced, the lady asked her
+if she had any impression as to the condition of her aunt.
+The reply was, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">No.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> But before the sitting was over, the
+psychic exclaimed, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Why, your aunt is here! She has already
+passed away.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span> <span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">This cannot be true,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> said the lady;
+</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">there must be a mistake. If she had died, they would have
+telegraphed us immediately.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span> <span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">But,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> the psychic insisted,
+</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">she is here. And she explains that she died about two
+o'clock this morning. She also says that a telegram has been
+sent, and you will find it at the house on your return.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Here seemed a clear case for a test. So while the lady
+started for her home, her brother-in-law called at the house
+of a friend and told the story. While there the husband
+came in. Having been away for some hours he had not
+heard of any telegram. But the friend seated himself at his
+desk and wrote out a careful account, which all three signed
+on the spot. When they reached home,—two or three miles
+away,—there was the telegram confirming the fact and the
+time of the aunt's death, precisely as the psychic had
+told them.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Here are most wonderful facts. How shall they be
+accounted for? I have not trusted my memory for these
+things, but have made careful record at the time. I know
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page026">[pg 026]</span><a name="Pg026" id="Pg026" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+many other records of a similar kind kept by others. They
+are kept private. Why? The late Rev. J. G. Wood, of
+England, the world-famous naturalist, once said to me: </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I
+am glad to talk of these things to any one who has a right
+to know. But I used to call everybody a fool who had anything
+to do with them; and with a smile—</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I do not enjoy
+being called a fool.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> ’</span></span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Psychic and other societies that advertise for strange
+phenomena, must learn that at least a respectful treatment
+is to be accorded, or people will not lay bare their secret
+souls. And then, in the very nature of the case, these
+experiments concern matters of the most personal nature.
+Many of the most striking cases people will not make public.
+In some of those above related, I have had so to veil facts,
+that they do not appear as remarkable as they really are.
+The whole cannot be told.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A quotation from this same writer (<span class="tei tei-q">“Automatic
+Writing,”</span> page 14), says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I am in possession of a respectable body of facts that I
+do not know how to explain except on the theory that I am
+dealing with some invisible intelligence. I hold that as the
+only tenable theory I am acquainted with.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In the same work (page 19), the author, Mrs.
+S. A. Underwood, as the result of her communications
+from spirits, says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Detailed statements of facts unknown to either of us
+[that is, herself and her </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">control</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">], but which weeks afterward
+were learned to be correct, have been written, and repeated
+again and again, when disbelieved and contradicted
+by us.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+On this point, also, as on the preceding, testimony
+need not be multiplied. The facts are too well
+known and too generally admitted to warrant the
+devotion of further space to a presentation of the
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page027">[pg 027]</span><a name="Pg027" id="Pg027" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+evidence. <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">The question must soon be met, What is
+the source of the power and intelligence thus manifested?</span></em>
+But this may properly be held in abeyance
+till we take a glance at:
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc7" id="toc7"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">The Progress of Spiritualism.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+during the fifty years of its modern history. It
+began in a way to excite the wonder and curiosity
+of the people, the very elements that would give
+wings to its progress through the land. Men suddenly
+found their thoughts careering through new
+channels. An unseen world seemed to make known
+its presence and invite investigation. As the phenomena
+claimed to be due to the direct agency of
+spirits, the movement naturally assumed the name
+of <span class="tei tei-q">“Spiritualism.”</span> It was then hailed by multitudes
+as a new and living teacher, come to clear up
+uncertainties and to dispel doubts from the minds of
+men. At least an irrepressible curiosity was everywhere
+excited to know what the new <span class="tei tei-q">“ism”</span> would
+teach concerning that invisible world which it professed
+to have come to open to the knowledge of
+mankind. Everywhere men sought by what means
+they could come into communication with the spirit
+realm. Into whatever place the news entered,
+circles were formed, and the number of converts
+outstripped the pen of the enroller. It gathered
+adherents from every walk of life—from the higher
+classes as well as the lower; the educated, cultured,
+and refined, as well as the uncultivated and ignorant;
+from ministers, lawyers, physicians, judges,
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page028">[pg 028]</span><a name="Pg028" id="Pg028" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+teachers, government officials, and all the professions.
+But the individuals thus interested, being
+of too diverse and independent views to agree upon
+any permanent basis for organization, the data for
+numerical statistics are difficult to procure. Various
+estimates, however, of their numbers have been
+formed. As long ago as 1876, computations of the
+number of Spiritualists in the United States ranged
+from 3,000,000 by Hepworth Dixon, to 10,000,000
+by the Roman Catholic council at Baltimore. Only
+five years from the time the first convert to Modern
+Spiritualism appeared, Judge Edmonds, himself an
+enthusiastic convert, said of their numbers:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Besides the undistinguished multitudes, there are many
+now of high standing and talent ranked among them,—doctors,
+lawyers, and clergymen in great numbers, a Protestant
+bishop, the learned and reverend president of a college,
+judges of our higher courts, members of Congress, foreign
+ambassadors, and ex-members of the United States Senate.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Up to the present time, it is not probable that
+the number of Spiritualists has been much reduced
+by apostasies from the faith, if such it may be
+called; while the movement itself has been growing
+more prominent and becoming more widely
+known every year. The conclusion would therefore
+inevitably follow that its adherents must
+now be more numerous than ever before. A
+letter addressed by the writer to the publishers
+of the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Philosophical Journal</span></span>, Chicago, on this
+point, received the following reply, dated Dec.
+24, 1895:—
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page029">[pg 029]</span><a name="Pg029" id="Pg029" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Being unorganized, largely, no reliable figures can be
+given. Many thousands are in the churches, and are counted
+there. It is </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">claimed</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> that there are about five million in the
+United States, and over fifty million in the world.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Christian at Work</span></span> of Aug. 17, 1876, under
+the head of <span class="tei tei-q">“Witches and Fools,”</span> said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">But we do not know how many judges, bankers, merchants,
+prominent men in nearly every occupation in life,
+there are, who make it a constant practice to visit clairvoyants,
+sightseers, and so-called Spiritual mediums; yet it can
+scarcely be doubted that their name is legion; that not only
+the unreligious man, but professing Christians, men and
+women, are in the habit of consulting spirits from the vasty
+deep for information concerning both the dead and the living.
+Many who pass for intelligent people, who would be shocked
+to have their Christianity called in question, are constantly
+engaged in this disreputable business.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The following appeared some years ago, in the
+San Francisco <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Chronicle</span></span>:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Until quite recently, science has coldly ignored the
+alleged phenomena of Spiritualism, and treated Andrew Jackson
+Davis, Home, and the Davenport brothers, as if they
+belonged to the common fraternity of showmen and mountebanks.
+But now there has come a most noteworthy change.
+We learn from such high authority as the </span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Fortnightly Review</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">
+that Alfred R. Wallace, F. R. S.; William Crookes, F. R. S.
+and editor of the </span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Quarterly Journal of Science</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">; W. H. Harrison,
+F. R. S. and president of the British Ethnological
+Society, with others occupying a high position in the scientific
+and literary world, have been seriously investigating the
+phenomena of spiritism. The report which those learned
+gentlemen make is simply astounding. There is no fairy tale,
+no story of myth or miracle, that is more incredible than their
+narrative. They tell us in grave and sober speech, that the
+spirit of a girl who died a hundred years ago, appeared to
+them in visible form. She talked with them, gave them locks
+of her hair, pieces of her dress, and her autograph. They
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page030">[pg 030]</span><a name="Pg030" id="Pg030" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+saw her in bodily presence, felt her person, heard her voice;
+she entered the room in which they were, and disappeared
+without the opening of a door. The savants declare that
+they have had numerous interviews with her under conditions
+forbidding the idea of trickery or imposture.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Now that men eminent in the scientific world have
+taken up the investigation, Spiritualism has entered upon a
+new phase. It can no longer be treated with silent contempt.
+Mr. Wallace's articles in the </span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Fortnightly</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> have attracted general
+attention, and many of the leading English reviews and
+newspapers are discussing the matter. The New York </span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">World</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">
+devotes three columns of its space to a summary of the last
+article in the </span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Fortnightly</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, and declares editorially that the
+</span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">phenomena</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> thus attested </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">deserve the rigid scientific
+examination which Mr. Wallace invites for them.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> This is
+treating the matter in the right way. Let all the well-attested
+facts be collected, and then let us see what conclusions they
+justify. If spirit communication is a fact, it is certainly
+a most interesting one. In the language which the World
+attributes to John Bright, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">If it is a fact, it is the one besides
+which every other fact of human existence sinks into insignificance.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> ”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+One of the reasons why it would be quite impossible
+to state the number of real Spiritualists in our
+land to-day has already been hinted at in a foregoing
+extract. It is that <span class="tei tei-q">“many thousands,”</span> and we
+think the number might in all probability be raised
+to millions, who are in reality Spiritualists, do not
+go by that name. They are in the various churches,
+and are counted there. Yet they believe the phenomena
+of Spiritualism, accept its teachings in their
+own minds, and quietly and constantly, as the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Christian
+at Work</span></span> avers, consult clairvoyants and mediums,
+in quest of knowledge. The grosser features of the
+teachings of Spiritualism which were painfully prominent
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page031">[pg 031]</span><a name="Pg031" id="Pg031" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+in its earlier stages, which there is no reason
+to believe are discountenanced or abandoned either
+in theory or practice, are relegated to an invisible
+background, while in its outward aspect it now poses
+in the attitude of piety and the garb of religion. It
+even professes to adopt some of the more prominent
+and popular doctrines of Christianity. In this phase
+the average churchgoer cannot see why he may not
+accept all that Spiritualism has to give, and still
+retain his denominational relationship. Besides this,
+the coming to light, every now and then, of the fact
+that some person of national or world-wide fame is
+a Spiritualist, adds popularity and gives a new
+impetus to the movement. Such instances may be
+named as the founder of the Leland Stanford University,
+of California; the widow of ex-Vice-President
+Hendricks, of Indiana, who, it is said, is carrying
+on some very successful financial transactions by
+direction from the spirit world; and Mr. W. T. Stead,
+London editor of the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Review of Reviews</span></span>, who, in
+1893 started a new quarterly, called <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The Border
+Land</span></span>, to be devoted to the advocacy of the philosophy
+of Spiritualism, which he had then but recently
+espoused. In other countries it has invaded the
+ranks of the nobility, and even seated itself on the
+thrones of monarchs. The late royal houses of
+France, Spain, and Russia are said, by current
+rumor, to have sought the spirits for knowledge.
+No cause could covet more rapid and wide-spread
+success than this has enjoyed.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page032">[pg 032]</span><a name="Pg032" id="Pg032" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<hr class="page" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc8" id="toc8"></a>
+<a name="pdf9" id="pdf9"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Chapter Two.</span></h1>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">What is the Agency in Question?</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Having now shown that there are connected with
+Spiritualism supermundane phenomena that
+cannot be denied, and equally evident superhuman
+intelligence, sufficient to give to the movement unprecedented
+recognition in all the world, the way
+is open for the most important question that can be
+raised concerning it, and one which now demands
+an answer; and that is, What is the agency by
+which these phenomena are produced, and by which
+this intelligence is manifested? This question must
+be examined with the utmost care, and, if possible,
+a decision be reached of the most assuring certainty;
+for, as Mr. M. J. Savage says, <span class="tei tei-q">“Spiritualism
+is either a grand truth or a most lamentable
+delusion.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It is proper that the claim which Spiritualism puts
+forth for itself, in this regard, should first be heard.
+This is so well known that it scarcely need be stated.
+It is that there is in every human being a soul, or
+spirit, which constitutes the real person; that this
+soul, or spirit, is immortal; that it manifests itself
+through a tangible body during this earth life, and
+when that body dies, passes unscathed into the unseen
+world, into an enlarged sphere of life, activity, and
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page033">[pg 033]</span><a name="Pg033" id="Pg033" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+intelligence; that in this sphere it can still take cognizance
+of earthly things, and communicate with
+those still in the flesh, respecting scenes which it has
+left, and those more interesting conditions still veiled
+from mortal sight; that it is by these disembodied,
+or <span class="tei tei-q">“discarnated”</span> spirits that raps are given, objects
+moved, intelligence manifested, secrets revealed,
+slates written, voices uttered, faces shown, and epistles
+addressed to mortals, as friend would write to
+friend. If this be true, it opens what would indeed
+be considered a grand avenue of consolation to
+bereaved hearts, by giving them evidence that their
+departed friends still lived; that they recognized,
+loved, and accompanied them, and delighted still to
+counsel and instruct them. If not true, it is a masterpiece
+of superhuman craft and cunning; for it
+takes Christendom on the side where it is least
+guarded; as the view is everywhere held that the
+dead are conscious, and the only question would be
+as to their power to communicate with persons still
+living in the body; and it throws its arms around
+the individual when the heart is the most tender,
+when plunged into a condition in which every pang
+of bereaved sorrow, every tie of affection, and every
+throb of love, press him to crave with all his being
+that communication with the dead may be proved a
+fact, and to constrain him to accept the doctrine, unless
+kept from it by some power stronger than the
+cords that bind heart to heart in deathless love. If
+it be a deception, it occupies a vantage ground before
+which men may well tremble.
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page034">[pg 034]</span><a name="Pg034" id="Pg034" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+But, as has been already stated, the question is
+here to be discussed from the standpoint of the Bible;
+the Bible is to be taken as the standard of authority
+by which all conflicting claims respecting the nature
+of man, must be decided. The authenticity of the
+Scriptures, in reference to those who deny their
+authority, is an antecedent question, into the discussion
+of which it is not the province of this
+little work to enter. A word, however, by way
+of digression, may be allowed in reference to its
+authorship.
+</p>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc10" id="toc10"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Credentials of the Bible.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+1. The Bible claims to be the word of God.
+Those who wrote it assert that they wrote as they
+<span class="tei tei-q">“were moved by the Holy Ghost;”</span> and they
+append to what they utter, a <span class="tei tei-q">“Thus saith the Lord.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+2. If it is not what it claims to be, it is an <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">imposture</span></em>
+invented by <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">deceivers</span></em> and <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">liars</span></em>.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+3. <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Good</span></em> men would not deceive and lie; therefore
+they were not the ones who invented the Bible.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+4. If, therefore, it was invented by men at all, it
+must have been invented by <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">bad</span></em> men.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+5. All liars and religious impostors are bad men;
+but—
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+6. The Bible repeatedly and most explicitly forbids
+lying and imposture, under the threatening of
+most condign punishment.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+7. Would, therefore, liars and impostors invent
+a book which more than any other book ever written,
+denounces lying and imposture, thus condemning
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page035">[pg 035]</span><a name="Pg035" id="Pg035" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+themselves to the severest judgments of God, and at
+last to eternal death?
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+8. If, then, the Bible is not the invention of
+good men,—because such men would not lie and
+deceive; nor of evil men,—because such men
+would not condemn themselves; nor of good or evil
+angels, for the same reasons, who else can be its
+author, but he who claims to be, that is, the living
+God?
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+9. If, therefore, from the very nature of the case,
+it must be God's book, why not believe it, and
+obey it?
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+To return: Appeal is therefore made to the
+Bible; and the object is to learn what the Bible
+teaches about Spiritualism. When the claim is put
+forth that it is the disembodied spirits of dead men
+who make the communications, the Bible reader is at
+once aware of a conflict of claims. In times when
+the Bible was written, there were practices among
+men which went under the names of <span class="tei tei-q">“enchantment,”</span>
+<span class="tei tei-q">“sorcery,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“witchcraft,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“necromancy,”</span>
+<span class="tei tei-q">“divination,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“consulting with familiar spirits,”</span>
+etc. These practices were all more or less related,
+but some of them bear an unmistakable meaning.
+Thus, <span class="tei tei-q">“necromancy”</span> is defined to mean <span class="tei tei-q">“a pretended
+communication with the dead.”</span> A <span class="tei tei-q">“familiar
+spirit”</span> was <span class="tei tei-q">“a spirit or demon supposed to attend
+on an individual, or to come at his call; the invisible
+agent of a necromancer's will.”</span>—<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Century Dictionary.</span></span>
+Spiritualists do not deny that their intercourse
+with the invisible world comes under some, at
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page036">[pg 036]</span><a name="Pg036" id="Pg036" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+least, of these heads. But all such practices the
+Bible explicitly forbids.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Deut. 18:9-12: <span class="tei tei-q">“There shall not be found
+among you any one that maketh his son or his
+daughter to pass through the fire, or that useth
+divination, or an observer of times, or an enchanter,
+or a witch, or a charmer, or a consulter with <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">familiar
+spirits</span></em>, or a wizard, or a <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">necromancer</span></em>. For all that
+do these things are an abomination unto the Lord.”</span>
+Lev. 19:31: <span class="tei tei-q">“Regard not them that have familiar
+spirits, neither seek after wizards, to be defiled by
+them: I am the Lord your God.”</span> See also, 2
+Kings 21:2, 6, 9, 11; Rev. 21:8; Gal. 5:19-21;
+Acts 16:16-18; etc. Thus plainly in both the Old
+and New Testaments, are these practices forbidden.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc11" id="toc11"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">An Impossibility.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+But why does the Bible forbid such practices as
+necromancy, or a <span class="tei tei-q">“pretended”</span> communication with
+the dead?—Because it would be only a pretense at
+best; for such communication is impossible. The
+dead are unconscious in their graves, and have no
+power to communicate with the living. Let this
+truth be once established, and it is the death-blow to
+the claims of Spiritualism, in the cases of all who
+will receive it. Allusion has already been made to
+a popular and wide-spread dogma in the Christian
+church which furnishes a basis for Spiritualism. It
+is that the soul is immortal, and that the dead are
+conscious. Spirits make known their presence, and
+claim to be the spirits of persons who have once lived
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page037">[pg 037]</span><a name="Pg037" id="Pg037" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+here in human bodies. Now if the Bible teaches
+that there is no such thing as a disembodied human
+spirit, a knowledge of that fact would enable one to
+detect at once the imposture of any intelligence
+which from behind the curtain should claim to be
+such spirit. Any spirit seeking the attention of men
+in this life, and claiming to be what the Bible says
+does not exist, comes with a falsehood on its lips or
+in its raps, if the Bible is true, and thus reveals its
+real character to be that of a deceiver. In this case
+the Bible believer is armed against the imposture.
+No man likes to be fooled. No matter therefore
+how nice the communicating intelligence may seem,
+how many true things it may say, or how many good
+things it may promise, the conviction cannot be
+evaded that no real good can be intended or conferred
+by any spirit, or whatever it may be, masquerading
+under the garb of falsehood, or pretending to
+be what it is not. On such a foundation no stable
+superstructure can be reared. It becomes a death-trap,
+sure to collapse and involve in ruin all those
+who trust therein.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It is very desirable that the reader comprehend
+the full importance of the doctrine, as related to this
+subject, that the dead are unconscious and that they
+have no power to communicate with the living.
+This being established, it sweeps away at one stroke
+the entire foundation of Spiritualism. Evidence will
+now be presented to show that this is a Bible doctrine;
+and wherever this is received, the fabric of
+Spiritualism from base to finial falls; it cannot
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page038">[pg 038]</span><a name="Pg038" id="Pg038" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+possibly stand. But where the doctrine prevails
+that only the thin veil that limits our mortal vision,
+separates us from a world full of the conscious,
+intelligent spirits of those who have departed this
+life, Spiritualism has the field, beyond the possibility
+of dislodgment. When one believes that he has
+disembodied spirit friends all about him, how can
+he question that they are able to communicate with
+him? and when some unseen intelligence makes its
+presence known, and claims to be one of those
+friends, and refers to facts or scenes, known only to
+them two, how can the living dispute the claim?
+How can he refuse to accept a claim, which, on his
+own hypothesis, there is no conceivable reason to
+deny? But if the spirits are not what they claim
+to be, how shall the inexplicable phenomena attending
+their manifestations be explained?—The Bible
+brings to view other agencies, not the so-called
+spirits of the departed, to whose working all that
+has ever been manifested which to mortal vision
+is mysterious and inexplicable, may be justly attributed.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc12" id="toc12"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">The Soul Not Immortal.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spiritualism declares it to be the great object of
+its mission, to prove the immortality of the soul,
+which, it says, is not taught in the Scriptures with
+sufficient clearness, and is not otherwise demonstrated.
+It well attributes to the Scriptures a lack
+of plain teaching in support of that dogma; and it
+would have stated more truth, if it had said that the
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page039">[pg 039]</span><a name="Pg039" id="Pg039" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+Scriptures nowhere countenance such a doctrine at
+all. But, it is said, the Scriptures are full of the
+terms, <span class="tei tei-q">“soul”</span> and <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit.”</span> Very true; but they
+nowhere use those terms to designate such a part
+of man as in common parlance, and in popular theology,
+they have come to mean. The fact is, the
+popular concept of the <span class="tei tei-q">“soul”</span> and <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit”</span> has
+been formulated entirely outside the Bible. Sedulously,
+unremittingly, for six thousand years, the
+idea has been inculcated in the minds of men, from
+the cradle to the grave, that man is a dual being,
+consisting of an outward body which dies, and an
+inward being called <span class="tei tei-q">“soul,”</span> or <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit,”</span> which does
+not die, but passes to higher spirit life, when the
+body goes into the grave. The father of this doctrine
+is rarely referred to by its believers, as authority,
+possibly through a little feeling of embarrassment
+as to its parentage; for he it was who announced
+it to our first parents in these words: <span class="tei tei-q">“Ye shall
+not surely die!”</span> Gen. 3:4. When men began to
+die, it was a shrewd stroke of policy on the part of
+him who had promised them that they should not
+die, to try to prove to those who remained that the
+others had not really died, but only changed conditions.
+It is no marvel that he should try to make
+men believe that they possessed an immaterial, immortal
+entity that could not die; but, in view of the
+ghastly experiences of the passing years, it is the
+marvel of marvels that he should have succeeded so
+well. The trouble now is that men take these
+meanings which have been devised and fostered into
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page040">[pg 040]</span><a name="Pg040" id="Pg040" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+stupendous strength outside the pale of Bible teaching,
+and attach them to the Bible terms of <span class="tei tei-q">“soul”</span>
+and <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit.”</span> In other words, the mongrel pago-papal
+theology which has grown up in Christendom,
+lets the Bible furnish the terms, and paganism the
+definitions. But from the Bible standpoint, these
+definitions do not belong there; they are foreign to
+the truth, and the Bible does not recognize them.
+They are as much out of place as was the inventor
+of them himself in the garden of Eden. Let the
+Bible furnish its own definitions to its own terms,
+and all will be clear. The opinion of John Milton,
+the celebrated author of Paradise Lost, is worthy of
+note. In his <span class="tei tei-q">“Treatise on Christian Doctrine,”</span>
+Vol. I, pp. 250, 251, he says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Man is a living being, intrinsically and properly one
+individual, not compound and separable, not, according to
+the common opinion, made up and framed of two distinct
+and different natures, as of body and soul, but the whole man
+is soul, and the soul, man; that is to say, a body or substance,
+individual, animated, sensitive, and rational.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In this sense the word is employed many times;
+but whoever will trace the use of the words <span class="tei tei-q">“soul”</span>
+and <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit”</span> through the Bible, will find them
+applied also to a great variety of objects; as, person,
+mind, heart, body (in the expression <span class="tei tei-q">“a dead body”</span>),
+will, lust, appetite, breath, creature, pleasure, desire,
+anger, courage, blast, etc., etc., in all nearly fifty
+different ways. But it is a fact which should be
+especially noted, that in not a single instance is there
+the least hint given that anything expressed by these
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page041">[pg 041]</span><a name="Pg041" id="Pg041" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+terms is capable of existing for a single moment, as
+a conscious entity, or in any other condition, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">without
+the body</span></em>! This being so, none of these, according
+to the Bible, are the agency claimed to be present
+in Spiritualism.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Another fact in reference to this point, should
+be allowed its decisive bearing. The question now
+under investigation is, Is the soul immortal, as Spiritualism
+has taken upon itself to teach, and claims
+to demonstrate? The Bible is found to be so lavish
+in the use of the terms <span class="tei tei-q">“soul”</span> and <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit,”</span> that
+these words occur in the aggregate, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">seventeen hundred
+times</span></em>. Seventeen hundred times, by way of description,
+analysis, narrative, historical facts, or declarations
+of what they can do, or suffer, the Bible has
+something to say about <span class="tei tei-q">“soul”</span> and <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit.”</span> The
+most important question to be settled concerning
+them, certainly, is whether they are immortal or not.
+Will not the Bible, so freely treating of these terms,
+answer this question? Very strange, indeed, if it
+does not. But does it once affirm that either the
+soul or the spirit is immortal?—<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Not once!</span></em> Does
+it ever apply to them the terms <span class="tei tei-q">“eternal,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“deathless,”</span>
+<span class="tei tei-q">“neverdying,”</span> or any word that bears the
+necessary meaning of immortal?—Not in a single
+instance. Does it apply to them any term from
+which even an inference, necessary or remote, can
+be drawn that they are immortal? Even reduced to
+this attenuated form, the answer is still an emphatic
+and overwhelming, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">No!</span></em> Well, then, does it say
+<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">anything</span></em> about the nature and capabilities of existence
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page042">[pg 042]</span><a name="Pg042" id="Pg042" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+of that which it denominates soul or spirit?—Yes;
+it says the soul is in danger of the grave, may
+die, be destroyed, killed, and that the spirit may be
+wounded, cut off, preserved, and so, conversely,
+made to perish.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It is sometimes claimed that it is not necessary
+that the Bible should affirm the immortality of the
+soul, because it is so self-evident a fact that it is taken
+for granted. But no one surely can suppose that
+the immortality of the soul is more self-evident than
+that of Jehovah; yet the Bible has seen fit to affirm
+his immortality in most direct terms. 1 Tim. 1:17:
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Now unto the King eternal, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">immortal</span></em>, invisible,
+the only wise God, be honor and glory forever and
+ever. Amen.”</span> 1 Tim. 6:16: <span class="tei tei-q">“Who only hath
+<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">immortality</span></em>, dwelling in the light which no man
+can approach unto; whom no man hath seen, nor
+can see: to whom be honor and power everlasting.
+Amen.”</span> Let, then, similar Bible testimony
+be found concerning the soul; that is, that it is
+<span class="tei tei-q">“immortal,”</span> or <span class="tei tei-q">“hath immortality,”</span> and the taken-for-granted
+device will not be needed.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page043">[pg 043]</span><a name="Pg043" id="Pg043" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc13" id="toc13"></a>
+<a name="pdf14" id="pdf14"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Chapter Three.</span></h1>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">The Dead Unconscious.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+From the fact now established that the soul is
+not immortal, it would follow as an inevitable
+conclusion, that the dead are not conscious in the
+intermediate state, and consequently cannot act
+the part attributed to them in modern Spiritualism.
+But there are some positive statements to which
+the reader's attention should be called, and some
+instances supposed to prove the conscious state
+which should be noticed.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+1. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The Dead Know not Anything.</span></span>—As a sample
+of the way the Bible speaks upon this question, let
+the reader turn to the words of Solomon, in Eccl.
+9:5, 6, 10: <span class="tei tei-q">“For the living know that they shall
+die: but the dead know not anything, neither have
+they any more a reward; for the memory of them
+is forgotten. Also their love, and their hatred, and
+their envy, is now perished; neither have they any
+more a portion for ever in anything that is done
+under the sun.... Whatsoever thy hand findeth
+to do, do it with thy might; for there is no work,
+nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in the
+grave, whither thou goest.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+This language is addressed to the real, living,
+intelligent, responsible man; and how could it be
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page044">[pg 044]</span><a name="Pg044" id="Pg044" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+plainer? On the hypothesis of the commonly believed
+distinction between the soul and the body,
+this must be addressed to the soul; for the body
+considered as the mere material instrument through
+which the soul acts, is not supposed of itself to know
+anything. The body, as a body, independent of the
+soul, does not know that it shall die; but it is that
+which knows, while one is alive, that it shall die—it
+is that same intelligent being that, when dead,
+knows not anything. But the spirits in Spiritualism
+do know many things in their condition; therefore
+they are not those who have once lived on this earth,
+and passed off through death; for such, once dead,
+this scripture affirms, know not anything—they are
+in a condition in which there is <span class="tei tei-q">“no work, nor device,
+nor knowledge, nor wisdom.”</span> This is a plain,
+straightforward, literal statement; there is no mistaking
+its meaning; and if it is true, then it is not
+true that the unseen agents working through Spiritualism,
+are the spirits of the dead.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+2. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The Spirit Returns to God.</span></span>—Another passage
+from the same writer and the same book, may
+recur to the mind of the reader, as expressing a
+different and contradictory thought. Eccl. 12:7.
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was:
+and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it.”</span>
+A careful analysis of this passage reveals no support
+for Spiritualism; for it does not say that the spirit,
+on returning to God, is conscious, or is capable of
+coming back and communicating with mortals. It is
+not denied that different component parts enter into
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page045">[pg 045]</span><a name="Pg045" id="Pg045" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+the constitution of man; and that these parts may
+be separated. Solomon himself may therefore tell
+us what he means by the term <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit”</span> which he
+here uses. He employs the same word in chapter.
+3:21 of this same book, but says that beasts have
+it as well as men. And then in verse 19, he explains
+what he means, by saying that they (man
+and the lower animals) <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">all</span></em> have one <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">breath</span></em>. The
+record of man's creation in Gen. 2:7, shows that a
+vitalizing principle, called the <span class="tei tei-q">“breath of life,”</span> was
+necessary to be imparted to the organized body, before
+man became a living being; and this breath of
+life, as common to man and to all breathing animals,
+is described in Gen. 7:21, 22, by the term רוח
+(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">ruahh</span></span>), the same word that is used for <span class="tei tei-q">“breath,”</span>
+in Eccl. 3:19, <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit,”</span> in verse 21, and <span class="tei tei-q">“the
+spirit,”</span> which God gave to man, and which returns
+to God, in chapter 12:7. Thus it is clear that reference
+is here made simply to the <span class="tei tei-q">“breath of life”</span>
+which God at first imparted to man, to make him a
+living being, and which he withdraws to himself, in
+the hour of man's death. Job states the same fact,
+and describes the process, in chapter 34:14, 15:
+<span class="tei tei-q">“If he [God] set his heart upon man, if he gather
+<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">unto himself</span></em> his [man's] spirit [same word] and his
+breath; ... man shall turn again unto dust.”</span> No
+one can fail to see here that Job refers to the same
+event of which Solomon speaks.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+And at this point the question may as well be
+raised, and answered, Whence comes this spirit
+which is claimed to be the real man, capable of an
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page046">[pg 046]</span><a name="Pg046" id="Pg046" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+independent and superior existence without the
+body? Bodies come into existence by natural generation;
+but whence comes the spirit? Is it a part
+of the body? If so, it cannot be immortal; for
+<span class="tei tei-q">“that which is born of the flesh is flesh.”</span> John
+3:6. Is it supplied to human beings at birth? If
+so, is there a great storehouse, somewhere, of souls
+and spirits, ready-made, from which the supply is
+drawn as fast as wanted in this world? And if so,
+further, is it to be concluded that all spirits have had
+a pre-existence? and then what was their condition
+in that state? And again, how does it happen, on
+this supposition, that this spirit in each individual
+exhibits so largely the mental and moral traits of
+the earthly parents? These hypotheses not being
+very satisfactory, will it be claimed that God creates
+these spirits as fast as children are born to need
+them? and if so, who brings them down just in the
+nick of time? and by what process are they incarnated?
+But if God has, by special act, created a
+soul or spirit for every member of the human family
+since Adam, is it not a contradiction of Gen. 2:2,
+which declares that <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">all</span></em> God's work of creation, so
+far as it pertains to this world, was <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">completed</span></em> by the
+close of the first week of time? Again, how many
+of the inhabitants of this earth are the offspring of
+abandoned criminality; and can it be supposed that
+God holds himself in readiness to create souls which
+must come from his hands pure as the dew of heaven,
+to be thrust into such vile tenements, and doomed
+to a life of wretchedness and woe at the bidding of
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page047">[pg 047]</span><a name="Pg047" id="Pg047" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+defiant lust? The irreverence of the question will
+be pardoned as an exposure of the absurdity of that
+theory which necessitates it.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+3. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The Spirits of Just Men Made Perfect.</span></span>—This
+expression is found in Heb. 12:23, and seems, by
+some, to recognize the idea that spirits can exist
+without the body, and are to be treated as separate
+entities. Thus interpreted it might appear to give
+some support to Spiritualism. But it will by no
+means bear such an interpretation. The apostle is
+contrasting the privileges of Christians in the present
+dispensation, with the situation of believers before the
+coming of Christ. What he sets forth are blessings
+to be enjoyed in the present tense. Yes, says one,
+that is just what I believe: We are come to spirits;
+they are all about us, and tip and talk and write for
+us at our pleasure. But hold! nothing is affirmed
+of spirits separately. The whole idea must be taken
+in. It is the <span class="tei tei-q">“spirits of <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">just men</span></em> made perfect;”</span>
+and the participle <span class="tei tei-q">“made perfect”</span> agrees with
+<span class="tei tei-q">“just men,”</span> or literally <span class="tei tei-q">“the just made perfect”</span>
+(δικαίων τετελειωμένων), not with <span class="tei tei-q">“spirits.”</span> It is the
+<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">men</span></em> who are made perfect to whom we are said to
+have come. But there are only two localities and
+two periods, in which men are anywhere in the
+Scriptures said to be made perfect. One is in this
+life and on this earth, and refers to religious experience
+(<span class="tei tei-q">“Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father
+which is in heaven is perfect”</span>); the other is not
+relative, but actual and absolute, and refers to the
+future immortal state when all the people of God
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page048">[pg 048]</span><a name="Pg048" id="Pg048" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+will enter upon eternal life together (<span class="tei tei-q">“God having
+provided some better thing for us, that they [the
+ancient worthies] without us should not be <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">made
+perfect</span></em>.”</span> Heb. 11:40). Thus, taken in either of
+the only two ways possible, the text furnishes no
+proof of Spiritualism. It doubtless refers to the
+present state, the expression, <span class="tei tei-q">“spirits of just men,”</span>
+being simply a periphrasis for <span class="tei tei-q">“just men,”</span> the same
+as the expression, <span class="tei tei-q">“the God of the spirits of all
+flesh”</span> (Num. 16:22), means simply <span class="tei tei-q">“the God of
+all flesh,”</span> and the words <span class="tei tei-q">“your whole spirit, and
+soul, and body”</span> (1 Thess. 5:23), means simply
+the whole person.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+4. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Spirits in Prison.</span></span>—The apostle Peter uses
+an expression, which, though perhaps not often
+quoted in direct defense of Spiritualism, is relied
+upon extensively in behalf of the doctrine of the
+conscious state of the dead, which, as already shown,
+is the essential basis of Spiritualism. And such
+texts as these are here noticed to show to the general
+reader, that the Bible contains no testimony in
+behalf of that doctrine, but positively forbids it, as
+further quotations will soon be introduced to show.
+The passage now in question is 1 Peter 3:19, where,
+speaking of Christ, it says: <span class="tei tei-q">“By which also he went
+and preached unto the spirits in prison.”</span> By the
+use of strong assumption, and some lofty flights of
+the imagination, and keeping in the background the
+real intent of the passage, a picture of rather a lively
+time in the spirit world, can be constructed out of
+this testimony. Thus the spirits are said to be
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page049">[pg 049]</span><a name="Pg049" id="Pg049" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+the disembodied spirits of those who were destroyed
+by the flood. See context. They were in <span class="tei tei-q">“prison,”</span>
+that is, in hell. When Christ was put to death upon
+the cross, he immediately went by his disembodied
+spirit, down into hell and preached to those conscious
+intelligent spirits who were there, and continued that
+work till the third day when he was himself raised
+from the dead. A thought will show that this
+picture is wrong, (1) in the time, (2) in the condition
+of the people, (3) in the acting agent, and (4) in the
+end to be attained. Thus, when Christ had been
+put to death, he was <span class="tei tei-q">“quickened”</span> (or made alive),
+says the record, <span class="tei tei-q">“by the Spirit.”</span> This was certainly
+not a personal disembodied spirit, but that
+divine agency so often referred to in the Scriptures.
+<span class="tei tei-q">“By which,”</span> that is, this Spirit of God, he went
+and preached. Then he did not go personally on
+this work. The <span class="tei tei-q">“spirits”</span> were the antediluvians;
+for they were those who were disobedient in the
+days of Noah. Now when were they preached to?
+Verse 20 plainly tells us it was <span class="tei tei-q">“<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">when</span></em> once the
+longsuffering of God waited <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">in the days of Noah</span></em>.”</span>
+In accordance with these statements now let another
+picture be presented: Christ, by his Spirit which was
+in Noah (1 Peter 1:11), and thus through Noah,
+preached to the spirits, or persons, in Noah's time,
+who were disobedient, in order to save all from the
+coming flood who would believe. They were said
+to be <span class="tei tei-q">“in prison,”</span> though still living, because they
+were shut up under condemnation, and had only one
+hundred and twenty years granted them in which to
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page050">[pg 050]</span><a name="Pg050" id="Pg050" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+repent or perish. Thus Christ was commissioned
+to preach to men said to be in prison, because in
+darkness, error, and condemnation, though they
+were still living in the flesh. Isa. 61:1. Dr.
+Adam Clarke, the eminent Methodist commentator
+(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">in loco</span></span>), places the going and preaching of Christ
+in the days of Noah, and by the ministry of Noah
+for one hundred and twenty years, and not during
+the time while he lay in the grave. Then he says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The word πνεῦμασι (spirits) is supposed to render this
+view of the subject improbable, because this must mean </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">disembodied</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">
+spirits; but this certainly does not follow; for the
+</span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">spirits of just men made perfect</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> (Heb. 12:23), certainly means
+righteous men, and men </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">still in the church militant</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">: and the
+Father of spirits (Heb. 12:9) means men still in the body;
+and the God of the spirits of all flesh (Num. 16:22 and 27:16),
+means </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">men, not</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> in a disembodied state.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><a id="noteref_1" name="noteref_1" href="#note_1"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style="font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">1</span></span></a>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+5. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Cannot Kill the Soul.</span></span>—<span class="tei tei-q">“Fear not them
+which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul:
+but rather fear him which is able to destroy both
+soul and body in hell.”</span> Matt. 10:28. We know
+what it is to kill the body; and by association of
+ideas, it seems quite natural to form a like conception
+of the soul as something that can be treated in
+the same way. Then if the soul cannot be killed
+like the body, the conclusion seems easy of adoption
+that it lives right on, with all sensations preserved,
+as it was with the body before its death. If it were
+not for the pagan definition of <span class="tei tei-q">“soul,”</span> which here
+comes in to change the current of thought, such
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page051">[pg 051]</span><a name="Pg051" id="Pg051" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+conclusions drawn from this text would not be so
+prevalent; and a little attention to the scope of
+Christ's teaching here will readily correct the misapprehension.
+This is brought out clearly in verse
+39: <span class="tei tei-q">“He that findeth his <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">life</span></em> shall lose it: and he
+that loseth his <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">life</span></em> for my sake shall find it.”</span> This
+is easily understood. No one will question what it
+is to lose his life; and Christ says that he who will
+do this for his sake, shall find it. Any one who has
+been put to death for his faith in the gospel has
+<span class="tei tei-q">“lost his life”</span> (had the body killed) for Christ's
+sake. But Christ says, Do not fear them, even if
+they do this. Why?—Because ye shall find it—the
+life you lost. When shall we find it?—In the
+resurrection. John 6:40; Rev. 20:4-6. The expression,
+<span class="tei tei-q">“shall find it,”</span> thus becomes the exact
+equivalent of the words, <span class="tei tei-q">“are not able to kill the
+soul;”</span> that is, are not able to destroy, or prevent us
+from gaining that life he has promised, if we suffer
+men, for his sake, to <span class="tei tei-q">“kill the body,”</span> or deprive us
+of our present life. The correctness of this view is
+demonstrated by the word employed in these instances.
+That word is ψυχή (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">psuche</span></span>). It is properly
+rendered <span class="tei tei-q">“life”</span> in verse 39, and improperly rendered
+<span class="tei tei-q">“soul”</span> in verse 28. This lesson, that men
+should be willing to lose their life for Christ's sake,
+was considered so important that it is again mentioned
+in Matthew, and reiterated with emphasis by
+Mark, Luke, and John; and they all use this same
+word ψυχή, which is rendered <span class="tei tei-q">“life.”</span> In one instance
+only in all these parallel passages have the
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page052">[pg 052]</span><a name="Pg052" id="Pg052" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+translators rendered it <span class="tei tei-q">“soul;”</span> and that is Matt.
+10:28, where it is the source of all the misunderstanding
+on that text.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+6. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Souls Under the Altar.</span></span>—As a part of the
+events of the fifth seal as described in Rev. 6:9-11,
+John says he saw the souls of the martyrs under the
+altar, and heard them crying for vengeance. If they
+could do that, it is asked, cannot disembodied souls
+now communicate with the living? Not to enter
+into a full exposition of this scripture, and the inconsistencies
+such a view would involve, it is sufficient
+to ask if these were like the communicating spirits of
+the present day. How many communications have
+ever been received by modern Spiritualists from
+souls confined under an altar? In glowing symbolism,
+John saw the dead martyrs, as if slain at the
+foot of the altar; and by the figure of personification
+a voice was given to them, just as Abel's blood
+cried to God for vengeance upon his guilty brother
+(Gen. 4:10), and just as the stone is said to cry
+out of the wall, and the beam out of the timber
+to answer it. Hab. 2:11.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+7. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The Medium of Endor.</span></span>—Aside from the
+direct teaching of the Scriptures, it is still held by
+some that there are scenes narrated in the Bible
+which show that the dead must be conscious. The
+first of these is the case of Saul and the woman of
+Endor, whom he consulted in order to communicate
+with the prophet Samuel, as narrated in 1 Samuel 28.
+Here, it must be confessed, is brought to view
+an actual case of spirit manifestation, a specimen of
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page053">[pg 053]</span><a name="Pg053" id="Pg053" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+ancient necromancy; for the conditions, method of
+procedure, and results, were just such as pertain to
+the same work in our own day. But then, as now,
+there was no truth nor good in it, as a brief review
+of the narrative will show. (1) Samuel was dead.
+(2) Saul was sore pressed by the Philistines. Verse
+5. (3) God had departed from him. Verse 4.
+(4) He had cut off those who had familiar spirits
+and wizards, out of the land, because God had forbidden
+their presence in the Jewish theocracy, as
+an abomination. Verse 3; Lev. 19:31. (5) Yet
+in his extremity he had recourse to a woman with
+a familiar spirit, found at Endor. Verse 7. (6)
+She asked whom she should bring up, and Saul
+answered, Samuel. Verse 11. (7) Saul was disguised,
+but the familiar spirit told the woman it was
+Saul, and she cried out in alarm. Verse 12. (8)
+Saul reassured her, and the woman went on with
+the séance. Verse 10. (9) She announced a presence
+coming (not from heaven, nor the spheres,
+but) up out of the earth, and at Saul's request gave
+a description of him, showing that Saul did not himself
+see the form. Verse 13. (10) Saul <span class="tei tei-q">“perceived”</span>
+that it was Samuel (not by actual sight, but
+from the woman's description; for the Hebrew ירע
+and the Septuagint, γινωσκώ, signify to know, or
+perceive, by an operation of the mind.) Verse 14.
+(11) The woman supposed it was Samuel; Saul
+supposed it was Samuel; and that personation is,
+then, by the law of appearance, spoken of, in whatever
+it said or did, as Samuel; as, <span class="tei tei-q">“Samuel said to
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page054">[pg 054]</span><a name="Pg054" id="Pg054" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+Saul,”</span> etc. Verse 15. (12) Was Samuel really
+there as an immortal soul, a disembodied spirit, or
+as one raised from the dead?—No; because (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">a</span></span>) immortal
+souls do not come up out of the ground,
+wrapped in mantles, and complain of being disquieted
+and brought up; (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">b</span></span>) Samuel was a holy
+prophet, and if he was conscious in the spirit world,
+he would not present himself at the summons of a
+woman who was practicing arts which God had forbidden;
+(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">c</span></span>) God having departed from Saul, and
+having refused to communicate with him on account
+of his sins, would not now suffer his servant Samuel
+to grant him the desired communication through a
+channel which he had pronounced an abomination;
+(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">d</span></span>) Samuel was not present by a resurrection, for
+the Devil could not raise him, and God certainly
+would not, for such a purpose; besides Samuel was
+buried at Ramah, and could not be raised at Endor;
+(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">e</span></span>) It was only the woman's familiar spirit, personating
+Samuel as he used to appear when alive—an
+aged man clothed with a mantle. His object was to
+make both the woman and Saul believe it was
+Samuel, when it was not, just as communicating
+spirits to-day try to palm themselves off for what
+they are not. As a specimen of ancient Spiritualism,
+this case is no particular honor to their cause;
+and as a proof of the immortality of the soul, and
+the conscious state of the dead, it is a minus
+quantity.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+8. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The Transfiguration.</span></span>—Jesus took three of
+his disciples, Peter, James, and John, apart into a
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page055">[pg 055]</span><a name="Pg055" id="Pg055" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+high mountain, and was transfigured before them;
+his face became as the sun, and his raiment was
+white as the light, just as it will be in the future
+kingdom of glory, which this scene was designed to
+represent. And there then appeared Moses and
+Elias talking with Christ. But Moses had died in
+the land of Moab nearly fifteen hundred years
+before, and it is at once concluded that the only
+way to account for his appearance on this occasion,
+is to suppose that he was still alive in the spirit
+world, and could appear in a disembodied state,
+and talk with Jesus as here represented. But such
+a conclusion is by no means necessary. Jesus was
+there in person, Elias was there in person; for he
+had not died, but had been translated bodily from
+this earth. Now it would be altogether incongruous
+to suppose that the third member of this glorious
+trio, apparently just as real as the others, was only a
+disembodied spirit; an immaterial phantom. Unless
+the whole scene was merely a vision brought before
+the minds of the disciples, Moses was as really there,
+in his own proper person, as Jesus and Elias. But
+there is no way in which he could thus be present,
+except by means of a resurrection from the dead;
+and that he had been raised, and was there as a
+representative of the resurrection, is proved, first by
+his actual presence on this occasion, and secondly,
+by the fact that Michael (Christ, who is <span class="tei tei-q">“the resurrection
+and the life,”</span> John 11:25) disputed with
+the Devil (who has the power of death, Heb. 2:14)
+about the body of Moses. Jude 9. There could be
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page056">[pg 056]</span><a name="Pg056" id="Pg056" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+no other possible ground of controversy about the
+body of Moses except whether or not Christ should
+give it life before the general resurrection. But
+Christ rebuked the Devil. Christ was not thwarted
+in this contest, but gave his servant life; and thus
+Moses could appear personally upon the mount.
+This makes the scene complete as a representation
+of the kingdom of God, as Peter says it was (2 Peter
+1:16-18); namely, Christ the glorified King, Elias
+representing those who will be translated without
+seeing death, and Moses representing those who will
+be raised from the dead. These two classes embrace
+all the happy subjects of that kingdom. This view
+of the matter is not peculiar to this book. Dr.
+Adam Clarke, on Matt. 17:3, says: <span class="tei tei-q">“The body
+of Moses was probably raised again, as a pledge of
+the resurrection.”</span><a id="noteref_2" name="noteref_2" href="#note_2"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style="font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">2</span></span></a> And Olshausen says: <span class="tei tei-q">“For
+if we assume the reality of the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">resurrection of the
+body</span></em>, and its glorification,—truths which assuredly
+belong to the system of Christian doctrine,—the
+whole occurrence presents no essential difficulties.
+The appearance of Moses and Elias, which is usually
+held to be the most unintelligible point in it, is
+as easily conceived of as possible, if we admit their
+bodily glorification.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Those passages which speak of Christ as the
+<span class="tei tei-q">“first-fruits,”</span> the <span class="tei tei-q">“first-born from the dead,”</span> the
+<span class="tei tei-q">“first-born among many brethren,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“of every creature,”</span>
+etc., refer only to the chief and pivotal importance
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page057">[pg 057]</span><a name="Pg057" id="Pg057" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+of his own resurrection, as related to all
+others; and Acts 26:23 does not declare that Christ
+should be the first one to be raised from the dead,
+but that he first, by a resurrection from the dead,
+should show light to the Gentiles. (See the Greek
+of this passage.) These scriptures therefore prove
+no objection to the idea that Moses had been raised
+from the dead, and as a victor over the grave, appeared
+with Christ upon the mount. Thus another
+supposed stronghold affords no refuge for the conscious-state
+theory, or for Spiritualism.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+9. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The Rich Man and Lazarus.</span></span>—With the features
+of this parable, as found in Luke 16, which is
+supposed to prove the dead conscious, and Spiritualism
+possible, the reader is doubtless familiar. It
+should ever be borne in mind that this is a parable;
+and in a parable, neither the parties nor the scenes
+are to be taken literally, and hence no doctrines
+can be built upon such symbolic representations.
+But not only is it a parable, but it is a parable
+based upon traditions largely entertained by the
+Jews themselves in the time of Christ. Thus
+T. J. Hudson (<span class="tei tei-q">“Law of Psychic Phenomena,”</span> p.
+385) says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">It is a historical fact, nevertheless, that before the advent
+of Jesus, the Jews had become imbued with the Greek
+doctrine of Hades, which was an intermediate waiting station
+between this life and the judgment. In this were situated
+both Paradise and Gehenna, the one on the right, and the
+other on the left, and into these two compartments the spirits
+of the dead were separated, according to their deserts. Jesus
+found this doctrine already in existence, and in enforcing
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page058">[pg 058]</span><a name="Pg058" id="Pg058" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+his moral precepts in his parables, he employed the symbols
+which the people understood, neither denying nor affirming
+their literal verity.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Thus Christ appealed to the people on their own
+ground. He took the views and traditions which he
+found already among them, and arranged them into
+a parable in such a way as to rebuke their covetousness,
+correct their notions that prosperity and riches
+in this life are tokens of the favor and approbation
+of God, and condemn their departure from the teachings
+of Moses and the prophets. As a parable, it
+is not designed to show the state of the dead, and
+the conditions that prevail in the spirit world. But
+if any persist that it is not a parable, but a presentation
+of actual fact, then the scene is laid, not in
+the intermediate state, but beyond the resurrection;
+for it is after the angels had carried Lazarus into
+Abraham's bosom. But the angels do not bear any
+one anywhere away from this earth, till the second
+coming of Christ and the resurrection of the dead.
+Matt. 24:30, 31; 1 Thess. 4:15-17. Finding no
+support in this portion of scripture for the conscious-state
+theory, with its spiritualistic possibilities, appeal
+is next made by the friends of that theory to the
+case of—
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+10. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The Thief on the Cross.</span></span>—Luke 23:39-43.
+When one of the malefactors who were crucified
+with Jesus, requested to be remembered when he
+should come into his kingdom, according to the
+record in the common version, the Lord replied,
+<span class="tei tei-q">“To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise.”</span> To
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page059">[pg 059]</span><a name="Pg059" id="Pg059" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+go from death into paradise the same day, means to
+go into the spirit world without a body, or discarnated,
+as Spiritualists claim. And so it would be
+if such was Christ's promise to the thief; but it
+was not.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The little adverb <span class="tei tei-q">“to-day”</span> holds the balance
+of power as to the meaning of this text. If it qualifies
+Christ's words, <span class="tei tei-q">“Verily I say unto thee,”</span> it
+gives one idea; if it qualifies the words, <span class="tei tei-q">“Thou shalt
+be with me in paradise,”</span> we have another and very
+different idea. And how shall the question of its
+relationship be decided?—It can be done only by the
+punctuation.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Here another difficulty confronts us; for the
+Greek was originally written in a solid line of letters,
+without any punctuation, or even division into
+words. Such being the case, the punctuation, and
+the relation of the qualifying word <span class="tei tei-q">“to-day,”</span> must
+be determined by the context. Now it is a fact that
+Christ did not go to paradise that day. He died, and
+was placed in the tomb, and the third day rose from
+the dead. Mary was the first to meet him, and
+sought to worship him. But he said, <span class="tei tei-q">“Touch me
+not, for I am not yet ascended to my Father.”</span> John
+20:17. Paradise is where the Father is (see 2 Cor.
+12:2-4; Rev. 2:7; 22:1, 2), and if Christ had not
+been to his Father when Mary met him the third day
+after his crucifixion, he had not then been to paradise;
+therefore it is not possible that he made a
+promise to the thief on the day of his crucifixion,
+that he should be with him <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">that</span></em> day in paradise.
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page060">[pg 060]</span><a name="Pg060" id="Pg060" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+But further, the day of the crucifixion was the
+day before the Sabbath; and it was not lawful to
+leave criminals on the cross during that day. John
+19:31. If they were still living when the time came
+to take them from the cross, they were taken down,
+and their legs were broken to prevent their escape.
+The soldiers on this occasion broke the legs of the
+two thieves, because they were still alive; <span class="tei tei-q">“but
+when they came to Jesus and saw that he was
+dead already, they brake not his legs.”</span> Verses
+32, 33. The thief therefore lived over into the
+next day.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Thus there are two absolutely insuperable objections
+against allowing the adverb, <span class="tei tei-q">“to-day,”</span> to
+qualify Christ's promise, <span class="tei tei-q">“Thou shalt be with me in
+paradise:”</span> (1) Christ did not go to paradise that
+day; and (2) The thief did not die that day. Before
+these facts the conscious-state argument built upon
+this incident, vanishes into thin air. Just place the
+comma (a punctuation mark not invented till 1490)
+after <span class="tei tei-q">“to-day”</span> instead of before it, and let that
+word qualify the verb <span class="tei tei-q">“say”</span> and emphasize the
+time when it was spoken, and all is harmonious.
+The thief's request did not pertain to that day, but
+looked forward to the time when Christ should come
+into his kingdom; and Christ's promise did not
+pertain to that day, but to the time in the thief's
+request; so he did not falsify it by not going to
+his Father for three days afterward. The thief is
+quietly slumbering in the tomb; but Christ is soon
+coming into his kingdom. Then the thief will be
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page061">[pg 061]</span><a name="Pg061" id="Pg061" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+remembered, be raised from the dead, and be with
+Christ in that paradise into which he will then
+introduce all his people. Thus all is as clear as a
+sunbeam, when the text is freed from the bungling
+tinkering of men.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The strongest texts and incidents which are appealed
+to in defense of the conscious-state theory,
+have now been examined. If these do not sustain
+it, nothing can be found in the Bible which will
+sustain it. All are easily harmonized with these.
+Thus in Paul's desire to <span class="tei tei-q">“depart and be with
+Christ”</span> (Phil. 1:23), he does not there tell us
+<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">when</span></em> he will be with Christ; but he does tell us in
+many other places; and it is at the resurrection and
+the coming of Christ. Phil. 3:11; 1 Thess. 4:16,
+17. When he speaks of our being clothed upon
+with our house from heaven (2 Cor. 5:2), he tells
+us that it is when <span class="tei tei-q">“mortality”</span> is <span class="tei tei-q">“swallowed up of
+life.”</span> But that is only at the last trump. 1 Cor.
+15:51-54. If we are told about the woman who
+had had seven husbands (Matt. 22:23-28), no hint
+is given of any reunion till after the resurrection.
+If God calls himself <span class="tei tei-q">“not the God of the dead, but
+of the living”</span> (Matt. 22:32), it is because he
+speaks of <span class="tei tei-q">“those things that be not as though they
+were”</span> (Rom. 4:17), and the worthies of whom this
+is spoken, are sure to live again (Heb. 11:15, 16),
+and hence are now spoken of as alive in his sight,
+because they are so in his purpose. Texts which
+speak of the departure and return of the soul (Gen.
+35:18; 1 Kings 17:21, 22), are referable to the
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page062">[pg 062]</span><a name="Pg062" id="Pg062" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+<span class="tei tei-q">“breath of life,”</span> which is the meaning of the word
+in these instances rendered <span class="tei tei-q">“soul.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Three passages only have been referred to, which
+declare positively that the dead know not anything.
+It was thought preferable to answer certain objections,
+before introducing further direct testimony.
+But there are many such passages, a few more of
+which will now be presented, as a fitting conclusion
+to this branch of the subject. The reader's careful
+attention is invited to a few of the various texts, and
+the conclusions that follow therefrom.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+1. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Death and Sleep.</span></span>—Death, in numerous passages
+is compared to sleep, in contrast with the
+wakeful condition. See Ps. 13:3; Job 7:21; John
+11:11; Acts 7:60; 1 Cor. 11:30; 15:51; 1 Thess.
+4:14; etc. But there is only one feature in sleep
+by virtue of which it can be taken as a figure of
+death; and that is, the condition of unconsciousness
+which shuts up the avenues of one's senses to all
+one's environment. If one is not thus unconscious
+in death, the figure is false, and the comparison
+illogical and misleading.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+2. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Thoughts Perish.</span></span>—So David testifies: <span class="tei tei-q">“Put
+not your trust in princes, nor in the son of man, in
+whom there is no help. His breath goeth forth, he
+returneth to his earth; in that very day his thoughts
+perish.”</span> Ps. 146:3, 4. The word <span class="tei tei-q">“thoughts”</span>
+does not here mean simply the projects and purposes
+one has in view, which do often fail, when the
+author of them dies, but it is from a root which
+means the act of thinking, the operation of the mind;
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page063">[pg 063]</span><a name="Pg063" id="Pg063" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+and in death, that entirely ceases. It cannot therefore
+be the dead who come out of the unseen with
+such intelligence as is shown in Spiritualism.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+3. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Job's Statement.</span></span>—Speaking of a dead man,
+Job (14:21) says: <span class="tei tei-q">“His sons come to honor, and
+he knoweth it not; and they are brought low, but he
+perceiveth it not of them.”</span> If the dead cannot take
+cognizance of matters of so much interest as these,
+how can they communicate with the living as the
+spirits do?
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+4. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">No Remembrance of God.</span></span>—David, in Ps.
+6:5 and 115:17, again testifies: <span class="tei tei-q">“For in death
+there is no remembrance of thee: in the grave who
+shall give thee thanks?”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“The dead praise not the
+Lord, neither any that go down into silence.”</span> Is it
+possible that any righteous man, if he is living and
+conscious after going into the grave, would not
+praise and give thanks to the Lord?
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+5. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Hezekiah's Testimony.</span></span>—Hezekiah was sick
+unto death. Isa. 38:1. But he prayed, and the
+Lord added to his days fifteen years. Verse 5.
+For this he praised the Lord, and gave his reasons
+for so doing in the following words (verses 18, 19):
+<span class="tei tei-q">“For the grave cannot praise thee, death cannot
+celebrate thee: they that go down into the pit cannot
+hope for thy truth. The living, the living, he
+shall praise thee, as I do this day.”</span> This is a clear
+affirmation that in death he would not be able to do
+what he was able to do while living.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+6. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">New Testament Evidence.</span></span>—The New Testament
+bears a corresponding testimony on this subject.
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page064">[pg 064]</span><a name="Pg064" id="Pg064" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+None will be saved except such as Christ
+raises up at the last day. John 6:39, 40. No one
+is to receive any reward before the resurrection.
+Luke 14:14; 2 Tim. 4:8. No one can enter God's
+kingdom before being judged; but there is no execution
+of judgment before the coming of Christ.
+2 Tim. 4:1; Acts 17:31; Luke 19:35; etc. If
+there is no avenue to a future life by a resurrection,
+then all who have gone down in death are perished.
+1 Cor. 15:18. Such texts utterly forbid the idea of
+consciousness and activity, on the part of any of the
+human family, in death.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+This part of the subject need not be carried
+further. It has been dwelt upon so fully simply
+because of its determinate bearing on the question
+under discussion. Spiritualism rests its whole title
+to credence on the claim that the intelligences which
+manifest themselves are the spirits of the dead.
+The Bible says that they are <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">not</span></em> the spirits of the
+dead. Then if the Bible is true, the whole system
+rests upon deception and falsehood. No one who
+believes this will tamper with Spiritualism. One
+cannot have Spiritualism and the Bible, too. One or
+the other must be given up. But he who still holds
+on to the theory that the dead are conscious, contrary
+to the testimony of the Scriptures has no shield
+against the Spiritualistic delusion, and the danger is
+that he will sooner or later throw the Bible away.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page065">[pg 065]</span><a name="Pg065" id="Pg065" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<hr class="page" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc15" id="toc15"></a>
+<a name="pdf16" id="pdf16"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Chapter Four.</span></h1>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">They Are Evil Angels.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+As the Bible plainly shows what the spirits which
+communicate are <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">not</span></em>, it just as clearly reveals
+also what they <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">are</span></em>; so that in no particular is one
+left to conjecture or guesswork. There is an order
+of beings brought to view in the Scriptures, above
+man but lower than God or Christ, called <span class="tei tei-q">“angels.”</span>
+No Bible believer questions the existence of such
+beings. It is sometimes asserted that angels are
+departed human spirits; but this cannot be; for they
+appear upon the stage of action before a single
+human being had died, or a disembodied spirit could
+have existed. When the world was created, Job
+declares that <span class="tei tei-q">“the morning stars sang together, and
+all the sons of God shouted for joy.”</span> These are
+two of the names applied to these beings, but they
+are also known by a number of others. They are
+167 times called angels; 61 times, angel of the Lord;
+8 times, angel of God; 17 times, his angels; 41
+times, cherub and cherubim. There are also such
+names as seraphim, chariots, God's hosts, watchers,
+holy ones, thrones, dominions, principalities and
+powers,—all referring to the different orders of
+these heavenly beings.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A part of this host fell into sin, and thereby
+became evil, or fallen, angels. A reasonable statement
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page066">[pg 066]</span><a name="Pg066" id="Pg066" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+of how this came about can be given, but no
+reason for the act itself. Sin cannot be explained.
+To explain it would be to give a reason for it; and
+to give a reason for it would be to excuse it; and
+then it would cease to be sin. In the beginning a
+condition existed which was in itself right and essential;
+but which nevertheless made sin possible. It
+is one of the inevitable conditions of the highest
+glory of God, that all his creatures should serve him
+from choice, under the law of love, and not by compulsion,
+as a machine, under the law of necessity.
+To secure this end, they must be made free moral
+agents. Thus to angels was given the freedom of
+the will, the same as to man. They were in a state
+of purity and happiness, with every condition favorable
+for a continuance in that condition; but in the
+free choices of their free wills, they of course had
+the power, if they should unaccountably see fit so
+to use it, to turn away from truth and right, and
+rebel against God. This some of them did. So
+we find Jude speaking of <span class="tei tei-q">“the angels that kept not
+their first estate”</span> (Jude 6), and Peter, of <span class="tei tei-q">“the
+angels that sinned”</span> (2 Peter 2:4); and these they
+further declare, were cast down to Tartarus, and are
+reserved in everlasting chains under darkness, unto
+the judgment of the great day.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+There must have been to this rebellion an instigator
+and leader; and we accordingly find the Bible
+speaking of such a personage; the whole company
+being described as <span class="tei tei-q">“the Devil and his angels.”</span>
+Our Lord pointed out this leader in evil, and his
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page067">[pg 067]</span><a name="Pg067" id="Pg067" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+work, in John 8:44: <span class="tei tei-q">“Ye are of your Father the
+Devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do.
+He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode
+not in the truth, because there is no truth in him.
+When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own:
+for he is a liar and the father of it.”</span> This reveals
+the great facts in his case. He abode not in the
+truth. Then he was once in the truth; and as he is
+a liar, and the father of it, he was the first one to
+depart from truth and introduce falsehood and evil
+into the universe of God.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In Isaiah (14:12-14) this being is addressed as
+Lucifer, or the day-star; and the prophet exclaims,
+<span class="tei tei-q">“How art thou fallen from heaven, 0 Lucifer,
+son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the
+ground, which didst weaken the nations!”</span> The following
+verses indicate that the nature of his transgression
+was self-exaltation and pride of heart:
+<span class="tei tei-q">“For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend
+into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars
+of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation,
+in the sides of the north: I will ascend
+above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the
+Most High.”</span> Paul, in 1 Tim. 3:6, intimates that
+it was this pride that caused the ruin of this once
+holy being. Of an elder he says that he must not
+be a novice, <span class="tei tei-q">“lest being lifted up with pride he fall
+into the condemnation of the Devil,”</span> or that sin for
+which the Devil was condemned.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In Ezekiel 28, Satan is again spoken of under the
+pseudonym of <span class="tei tei-q">“the prince of Tyrus.”</span> Verse 2
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page068">[pg 068]</span><a name="Pg068" id="Pg068" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+shows his pride: <span class="tei tei-q">“Because thine heart is lifted up,
+and thou hast said, I am a God, I sit in the seat
+of God,”</span> etc. Verses 12-15 describe his beauty,
+wisdom, and apparel, and his exalted office as a
+high cherub, before his sin and fall. Verse 15
+reads: <span class="tei tei-q">“Thou wast perfect in thy ways from the
+day thou wast created, till iniquity was found in
+thee.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+These passages give us a sufficient idea of the
+origin of Satan and how such an incarnation of evil
+has come to exist. The Tartarus into which he and
+his angels were cast, according to Peter, is defined
+by leading lexicographers, as meaning the dark,
+void, interplanetary spaces, surrounding the world.
+Using the serpent as a medium, this apostate angel,
+thus cast out, plied our first parents with his temptation
+by preaching to them the immortality of the
+soul, <span class="tei tei-q">“Thou shalt not surely die,”</span> and alas! seduced
+them also into rebellion. The dominion which was
+given to Adam (Gen. 1:28), Adam thus alienated to
+Satan, by becoming his servant; for Paul says,
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Know ye not, that to whom ye yield yourselves
+servants to obey, his servants ye are to whom ye
+obey?”</span> Rom. 6:16. Now, consequently, such
+titles as <span class="tei tei-q">“prince of this world,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“prince of the
+power of the air,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“god of this world,”</span> etc., are
+applied to him, because he has by fraud usurped that
+place. John 14:30; Eph. 2:2; 2 Cor. 4:4. He,
+of course, employs <span class="tei tei-q">“his angels”</span> to co-operate with
+him in his nefarious work.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Thus clearly do we have set before us just the
+agencies,—the Devil and his angels,—which are
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page069">[pg 069]</span><a name="Pg069" id="Pg069" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+adapted, both by nature and inclination, to carry on
+just such a work as is seen in Spiritualism. But
+how do we know, some one may ask, but that Spiritualism
+is the work of the good angels?—We know
+that it is not, because good angels do not lie. They
+never would come to men, professing to be the
+spirits of their dead friends, and imitate and personate
+them to deceive, knowing that the mediums did
+not know, and could not ascertain that they were
+altogether another and different order of beings.
+But the evil angels, led by the father of lies, and
+cradled, and drilled, and skilled, and polished, in the
+school of lying, would be delighted to deceive men
+in this very way, by pretending to be their dead
+friends, and then by working upon their affections
+and love for the ones they could skilfully personate,
+bring them under their influence and lead them captive
+at their will.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+These evil angels are experts in deception. They
+have had six thousand years' experience. They are
+well acquainted with the human family. They can
+read character. They study temperament. They
+acquaint themselves minutely with personal history.
+They know a thousand things which only they and
+the individual they are trying to ensnare, are aware
+of. They know many things beyond the knowledge
+of men. They can easily carry the news of the
+decease of a friend, and the description of a death-bed
+scene, to other friends thousands of miles away,
+and months before the truth through ordinary channels
+can reach them, so that when it is verified, their
+influence over them may be increased. (See page <a href="#Pg023" class="tei tei-ref">23</a>.)
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page070">[pg 070]</span><a name="Pg070" id="Pg070" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+There is nothing that has yet taken place, of however
+inexplicable a nature, and nothing which even
+the imagination may anticipate, which is not, and will
+not be, easily attributable to these unseen angels.
+They are lying spirits; for the fundamental principle
+on which they are acting is a lie; but they tell enough
+truth to sway and captivate the minds of men. It
+matters not how sacred the field in which they tread,
+nor how hallowed the associations which they invade,
+they press into every spot where it is possible, by
+spinning another thread, to strengthen their web of
+deception.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+And in what dulcet and siren tones they woo their
+victims to lay aside all resistance to their influence,
+to become receptive and passive, and yield themselves
+to their control; and when they have them
+thus helpless in their arms, they deliberately and
+cruelly instil into their minds the virus of ungovernable
+lust, the leprosy of unconquerable rebellion
+against the government of Heaven. That this language
+does not misrepresent nor slander them, will
+be shown from their own testimony, before the close
+of this book.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The thought is not overlooked that many even of
+those who do not profess to be Spiritualists, deny
+the existence of any such being as a personal Devil,
+or of personal evil angels, his agents. He is no
+doubt well pleased with this, as such people can the
+more easily be made the victims of his wiles. But
+these same persons would no doubt acknowledge the
+existence, as real beings, of God, Christ, and the
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page071">[pg 071]</span><a name="Pg071" id="Pg071" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+good angels. This fact being established, by parity
+of reasoning the Devil and his angels become real
+beings also. The same arguments which show that
+God and Christ exist as personal beings may be used
+to show that the Devil and his angels are personal
+beings also. He who denies that there is a personal
+Devil, must be prepared also to deny that there is a
+personal Christ. So far as the argument for personal
+existence is concerned, Christ and good angels stand
+on one side of the equation, and the Devil and his
+angels on the other; and whoever would rub out the
+one, must rub out the other also.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Christ said that he <span class="tei tei-q">“beheld Satan as lightning fall
+from heaven.”</span> Luke 10:18. John in the Revelation
+(12:7) beheld a war in heaven. <span class="tei tei-q">“Michael
+[Christ] and his angels fought against the dragon
+[Satan]; and the dragon fought, and his angels.”</span>
+On the ground that there is no Devil, this would be
+a wonderful battle—Christ and his angels, who are
+real beings, fighting furiously against myths and
+nonentities which have not even the substance of a
+phantom.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+To endorse the doctrine of a personal Devil, is not
+to endorse the grossly absurd caricatures conjured
+up by morbid imaginations, and popular theology,—a
+being with bat's wings, horns, hoofs, and a
+dart-pointed tail. Yet upon such pictorial fables he
+doubtless looks with complacency; as they are
+calculated still further to destroy faith in his existence,
+and enable him the better to cover his tracks
+and carry on his work among men. Nevertheless
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page072">[pg 072]</span><a name="Pg072" id="Pg072" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+the only rational hypothesis on which to account for
+the present condition of this world (which every one
+must admit is full of devilishness), the existence of
+evil, and the presence of sickness, suffering, and
+death, is the account the Bible gives us of fallen
+angels and fallen men. Unfallen angels are beings
+of mighty power. One of them slew in one night
+185,000 Assyrians (2 Kings 19:35); and the one
+who appeared at the time of Christ's resurrection
+had a countenance like the lightning, and raiment
+white as snow, and before him the keepers of the
+tomb fell like dead men. Matt. 28:3, 4. A fall
+from their high estate, though it would impair their
+strength and power, cannot be supposed to have
+wholly deprived them of these qualities; therefore
+the fallen angels still have capabilities far superior
+to those of men. The only defense mankind has
+against them is found in Christ, who circumscribes
+their power (for they are kept in chains, 2 Peter
+2:4), and makes provision by which we may resist
+them. Eph. 6:11; James 4:6-8; 1 John 5:18.
+The question why they are permitted to continue
+finds solution in the thought that God is consistently
+giving to sin time and opportunity to develop itself,
+fully show its nature, and manifest its works, to all
+created intelligences, so that when it shall finally be
+wiped out of existence, with all its originators, aiders,
+and abetters, as in God's purpose it is to be (Rev.
+20:14, 15; 2 Peter 3:7, 13; Rev. 5:13), there will
+ever after remain an object-lesson sufficient to safe-guard
+the universe against a repetition of the evil.
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page073">[pg 073]</span><a name="Pg073" id="Pg073" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+Only some 6000 years are allotted to this work of
+evil; and 6000 years are as nothing compared with
+eternity.
+</p>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc17" id="toc17"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Warnings Against Evil Spirits.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The Scriptures plainly point out the working of
+these agents of wickedness, and warn us against
+them. In 1 Tim. 4:1, we read: <span class="tei tei-q">“Now the Spirit
+speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some
+shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing
+spirits, and doctrines of devils.”</span> This shows that
+these spirits make it an object to seduce, or deceive,
+to draw men away from the true faith, and cause
+them to receive, instead, the doctrines they teach,
+which are called <span class="tei tei-q">“doctrines of devils;”</span> and this
+scripture is written to put men on their guard
+against them.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Again Paul says: <span class="tei tei-q">“For we wrestle not against
+flesh and blood, but against principalities, against
+powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this
+world, against spiritual wickedness [margin, <span class="tei tei-q">‘wicked
+spirits’</span>] in high places.”</span> Eph. 6:12. And he
+adjures his readers to put on the whole armor of
+God to be able to resist them.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The apostle Peter exhorts to the same purpose:
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary
+the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking
+whom he may devour: whom resist steadfast in
+the faith.”</span> 1 Peter 5:8, 9. If our ears do not
+deceive us, a good deal of this roaring is heard in
+the ranks of Spiritualists, where, by invisible rapping,
+agitated furniture, clairvoyance, clairaudience,
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page074">[pg 074]</span><a name="Pg074" id="Pg074" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+writing, speaking, marvels, and wonders, he seeks
+to set the world on tiptoe of curiosity and expectation,
+and bewilder men into a departure from the
+faith and the acceptance of the doctrines of devils.
+He is cunning enough not to <span class="tei tei-q">“roar”</span> in a way to
+frighten and repel, but only to attract attention, and
+lead multitudes, through an overweening curiosity
+and wonder at the marvels, to come thoughtlessly
+within the sphere of his influence.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The prophet Isaiah also has something to say
+directly upon this subject: <span class="tei tei-q">“And when they shall
+say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar
+spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter:
+should not a people seek unto their God? for the
+living to the dead?”</span> Isa. 8:19. That is, is it
+consistent for living people to go to dead ones for
+their knowledge? The following verse shows where
+we should go for light and truth: <span class="tei tei-q">“To the law and
+to the testimony: if they speak not according to
+this word, it is because there is no light in them.”</span>
+The time has certainly come when many are saying
+just what the text points out, and seeking to the
+dead, to familiar spirits, and wizards, for knowledge.
+Those practices which in the Bible are
+enumerated as <span class="tei tei-q">“charming,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“enchantment,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“sorcery,”</span>
+<span class="tei tei-q">“witchcraft,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“necromancy,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“divination,”</span>
+<span class="tei tei-q">“consulting with familiar spirits,”</span> etc., are more or
+less related, and are all really from one source. So
+in modern times different names indicate substantially
+the same thing. Thus Mr. Hudson, in
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Psychic Phenomena,”</span> p. v, says:—
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page075">[pg 075]</span><a name="Pg075" id="Pg075" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">It has, however, long been felt by the ablest thinkers of
+our time that all psychic manifestations of the human intellect,
+normal or abnormal, whether designated by the name
+of mesmerism, hypnotism, somnambulism, trance, spiritism,
+demonology, miracle, mental therapeutics, genius, or insanity,
+are in some way related.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Seven, at least, of the foregoing names are no
+doubt in the warp and woof of Spiritualism; and
+he might have added mind-reading and Christian
+Science. And Spiritualists admit that their work is
+the same as that described by the Bible terms above
+quoted. Thus, Allen Putnam, a Spiritualistic writer,
+says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The doctrine that the oracles, soothsaying, and witchcraft
+of past ages were kindred to these manifestations of our
+day, I, for one, most fully believe.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In a pamphlet by the same author, entitled,
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, and Miracle,”</span>
+p. 6, he says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">As seen by me now, Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft,
+Miracles, all belong to one family, all have a common
+root, and are developed by the same laws.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+To all these, therefore, the text under notice
+(Isa. 8:19, 20) applies. We are to bring them to
+the standard of <span class="tei tei-q">“the law and the testimony,”</span> and
+<span class="tei tei-q">“if they speak not according to this word ...
+there is no light in them.”</span> The living should not
+seek to the dead.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In Rev. 16:13, 14, the same spirits are again
+brought to view, and called <span class="tei tei-q">“unclean spirits,”</span> and
+<span class="tei tei-q">“spirits of devils.”</span> Their last work of deception
+is to go forth to the kings of the earth, and of the
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page076">[pg 076]</span><a name="Pg076" id="Pg076" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+whole world, to gather them to the battle of the
+great day of God Almighty. Thus all that is revealed
+of them from beginning to end (and scriptures
+might be multiplied on the point) furnishes
+the most cogent reason why all should be keenly
+awake to their existence and their work, and be ever
+watchful against their influence and approach.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page077">[pg 077]</span><a name="Pg077" id="Pg077" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<hr class="page" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc18" id="toc18"></a>
+<a name="pdf19" id="pdf19"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Chapter Five.</span></h1>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">What The Spirits Teach.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It has been shown in the preceding chapters that
+the unseen <span class="tei tei-q">“controls”</span> (the beings who control
+the mediums) in Spiritualism, are not the spirits of
+the dead, but are fallen angels or spirits of devils.
+This fact will be confirmed by a brief glance at some
+of their teachings; for we are to remember that if
+they speak not according to the law and the testimony
+there is no light in them. It matters not that
+what they teach may be supported by signs and
+wonders beyond the comprehension of the human
+mind. That is no guarantee of truth; for such phenomena
+are to be wrought, as will soon be shown,
+to prove a lie. The Lord anciently put his people
+on their guard in this respect. Deut. 13:1-3, 5:
+<span class="tei tei-q">“If there arise among you a prophet, or a dreamer
+of dreams, and giveth thee a sign or a wonder, and
+the sign or the wonder come to pass, whereof he
+spake unto thee, saying, Let us go after other gods,
+which thou hast not known, and let us serve them;
+thou shalt not hearken unto the words of that
+prophet, or that dreamer of dreams: for the Lord
+your God proveth you, to know whether ye love
+the Lord your God with all your heart and with all
+your soul.”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“And that prophet, or that dreamer of
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page078">[pg 078]</span><a name="Pg078" id="Pg078" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+dreams, shall be put to death; because he hath spoken
+to turn you away from the Lord your God, ... out
+of the way which the Lord thy God commanded thee
+to walk in.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Thus the fact that one who professed to be a
+prophet could perform a sign or wonder, showing
+his connection with some unseen power, was not
+enough to shield him from condemnation and punishment,
+if what he undertook to prove by that sign
+or wonder was contrary to the truth, and tended to
+lead away from God. The teaching of any system
+is an important part of the fruit it bears; and by
+that, according to our Lord's own rule, we are to
+judge it, and not by any power or mighty works
+connected with it, however wonderful they may be.
+</p>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"><span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">“'Tis not the broad phylactery</span></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">Nor stubborn fasts, nor stated prayers</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">That make us saints. We judge the tree</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em"><span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left">By what it bears.”</span></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">—<span class="tei tei-hi" style="text-align: left"><span style="font-style: italic">Alice Carey.</span></span></div>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It is therefore pertinent to look sufficiently at
+the teachings of the spirits to ascertain their character.
+Here we shall find some most damaging
+testimony; for—
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+1. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">They Deny God.</span></span>—It is no pleasure to transcribe
+the utterances of practical atheism; yet enough
+should be given to show what they teach on the great
+fundamental principles of Christianity. At a séance,
+reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>, July 11, 1868, the
+following questions were addressed to the spirits,
+and the accompanying answers received:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—It is said in the Bible that man is
+made in the image of God. Please tell us what that image is.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page079">[pg 079]</span><a name="Pg079" id="Pg079" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—He is made in the image of everything
+that ever was, that is, or that ever shall be. He holds within his
+caliber everything that exists, that ever has existed, or that
+ever will exist. Now, God is included in this. If he exists at
+all, he exists everywhere (and we have taken in everything),
+every place, every name, every condition. I believe that the
+human stands above all things else, and holds within its
+embrace all the past, present, and future. In this sense he
+is created and exists in the image of God.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—What is God essentially?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Everything. Essentially you are God, and I am
+God—the flowers, the grass, the pebbles, the stars, the moon,
+the sun, everything is God.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The Devil, through the serpent in the garden,
+taught Adam and Eve that the soul is immortal,
+and has transfused the same idea very successfully
+through paganism, Romanism, and Protestantism;
+but he also said, <span class="tei tei-q">“Ye shall be as gods;”</span> and now,
+it seems, he is trying to make the world swallow this
+other leg of his falsehood; but by putting it forth
+under the form of the old pagan pantheism, that
+everything is God, and God is everything, he betrays
+the lie he uttered in Eden; for in that case, Adam
+and Eve were no more gods after they ate than they
+were before.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Another séance, reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner</span></span> about
+twenty years later than the one quoted above, April
+28, 1888; an inquirer addressed to the <span class="tei tei-q">“spirits”</span> a
+question about God, and received answer, a portion
+of which is presented below:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Some Spiritualists, I learn, believe in
+a God; otherwise they would not pray to him—taking for granted
+that there is such a being. Please enlighten us.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—We have yet to come in contact with a thorough
+Spiritualist, one who understands something of spiritual life
+and the revelations made by returning spirits, who directly
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page080">[pg 080]</span><a name="Pg080" id="Pg080" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+believes in a personal God. True, many Spiritualists and
+many returning spirits offer their invocations to the </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Great
+Supreme Spirit of all life and intelligence,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> not because they
+expect to change the order of law, or to come into direct
+communication with, or nearness to, a Great Supreme Being,
+clothed in the image of man, but because they desire to enter
+an atmosphere of harmony, to uplift their own souls to a
+plane of thought which will bring spiritual inspiration to
+their minds. We make a distinction between that Great
+Supreme Overruling Force which we may call the Superior
+Spirit of Intelligence, Wisdom, and Love, and the personal
+Deity, clothed in the image of man, gigantic in stature,
+jealous and revengeful by nature, which has been set up and
+worshiped as the Christian Jehovah. We know of no Spiritualist—let
+us repeat it—who believes in such a personal
+God; but we can believe and accept the idea, though it may
+pass beyond almost our finite comprehension, that there is a
+grand universal Spirit permeating all forms of existence;
+that this great source of light, of activity and vitality
+vibrates with intelligence, and that it is superior to all
+organic forms, however grand they may prove to be.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The same views have been taught all along by
+the <span class="tei tei-q">“spirits”</span> of Spiritualism, as could be shown by
+extracts dating as far back as 1858, only ten years
+after the <span class="tei tei-q">“Rochester Knockings.”</span> And though
+Spiritualism is now assuming more of the sedate
+speech of organized Christianity, the spirits do
+not modify their teaching in respect to God. In
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Automatic, or Spirit, Writing,”</span> p. 148 (1896), are
+given many messages from the spirits through the
+mediumship of Mrs. S. A. Underwood, wife of the
+editor of the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Philosophical Journal</span></span>, Chicago. The
+<span class="tei tei-q">“spirits”</span> set forth their teaching in answer to questions
+by the medium, some of which have reference
+to God, though his name is not used. Thus on page
+148, this conversation is given:—
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page081">[pg 081]</span><a name="Pg081" id="Pg081" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—You often in these communications speak
+of the binding laws of spiritual life—that because of them you
+cannot give us such and such information, etc. Now who
+makes those laws, and whence came they, and how are they
+taught?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Thou say'st </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">who</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—therefore
+we cannot answer. Go back to the first question and ask one at a time.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Well, who makes the laws?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Spirits are not bondaged by
+</span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">persons</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Then how do you come to know those
+laws?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Pharos will now answer. Spiritual laws are
+spiritually perceived, as soon as the physical perceptions are got
+rid of.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Could you explain to us those laws?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Courses of teaching from our side are as necessary
+for you to understand even the rudimentary laws of Being,
+as courses in your colleges; and guessed-at spirit knowledge
+from your bounded view must always fail in accurate
+wording.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It will be perceived that the answers to these
+questions are, from the beginning, evasive; but the
+real idea entertained clearly shines through the thin
+veil drawn over to conceal it. The questions pertain
+to the source, or authorship, of the <span class="tei tei-q">“laws of
+spiritual life;”</span> and this would generally be understood
+to be God. But on a technicality the spirits
+refuse to answer. The question is made plainer,
+and the answer is that <span class="tei tei-q">“spirits are not bondaged
+by <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">persons</span></em>;”</span> that is to say that spirits have nothing
+to do with personalities, and that no personal
+being has anything to do with those laws. There is
+therefore no God who formulates and promulgates
+them. No wonder the question followed, how they
+came to know these laws; and it was a very convenient
+answer that we will know when we get there
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page082">[pg 082]</span><a name="Pg082" id="Pg082" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+and have lost all physical perceptions. A desire for
+some explanation of those laws is met with the not
+very satisfactory information that they (the spirits)
+would have to give those in our sphere a course of
+teaching, like a college course, before we could understand
+even the rudimentary laws of Being. The
+only thing clear in all this is that there is no God;
+at least no personal God such as the Bible reveals.
+To the <span class="tei tei-q">“grand whole,”</span> whatever that may be, they
+give the name of the <span class="tei tei-q">“All of Being.”</span> In answer to a
+question concerning <span class="tei tei-q">“personalities,”</span> they are called
+<span class="tei tei-q">“atoms emanating from the same source—parts
+of the great All of Being, partaking of the general
+characteristics of the grand whole.”</span>—<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Page 149.</span></span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Reader, how does all this compare in your own
+mind with the God of the Bible, the Creator of all
+things, the loving Father of us all, who has for his
+creatures more tender regard and pity than a father
+can feel for his own children, whose very name and
+nature is Love, and who has purposed infinite good
+for all men, and will carry it out unless they, as free
+moral agents, by their own sin, prevent his doing for
+them what he desires to do? The Bible is not responsible
+for the aspersions cast upon God by a
+false theology, which misrepresent his character and
+give occasion for the charges of vindictiveness and
+vengeance and awful tyranny, so freely made by
+fallen angels and wicked men. They do not belong
+to him who is the source of all goodness and mercy;
+and we would labor to bring those who have perverted
+views of God back to a right conception of
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page083">[pg 083]</span><a name="Pg083" id="Pg083" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+the great Friend of sinners, as he has revealed himself
+in his holy word.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+2. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">They Deny Jesus Christ.</span></span>—Christ is revealed
+as the divine Son of the Father; and to deny that he
+was or is any more than any other man is surely to
+deny him; and the scripture says that <span class="tei tei-q">“whosoever
+denieth the Son, the same hath not the Father.”</span>
+1 John 2:23. The following is what the <span class="tei tei-q">“spirits”</span>
+began to teach in the earliest stages of Spiritualism
+concerning Christ:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">What is the meaning of the word Christ?—'Tis not, as
+generally supposed, the Son of the Creator of all things. Any
+just and perfect being is Christ. The crucifixion of Christ is
+nothing more than the crucifixion of the spirit, which all
+have to contend with before becoming perfect and righteous.
+The miraculous conception of Christ is merely a fabulous
+tale.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Spiritual Telegraph, No. 37.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+How fully does this declaration that any good
+man is Christ open the way for the fulfilment of the
+Saviour's prophecy that in the last days many
+false Christs and false prophets shall arise, and shall
+deceive many. See Matt. 24:24. A prospectus
+of the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Truth Seeker</span></span> contained these words: <span class="tei tei-q">“It
+shall be the organ through which the christs of the
+last dispensation will choose to speak.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A little later, July 19, 1862, there was published
+in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span> a lecture on Spiritualism by
+Mrs. C. L. V. Hatch, in which she spoke of Christ
+as follows:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Of Jesus of Nazareth, personally, we have but little to
+say. Certain it is, we find sufficient that is divine in his life
+and teachings, without professing to believe in the fables of
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page084">[pg 084]</span><a name="Pg084" id="Pg084" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+theologians respecting his birth and parentage. We are content
+to take the simple record as it stands, and to regard him
+as the son of Joseph and Mary, endowed with such purity and
+harmony of character as fitted him to be the Apostle and
+Revelator of the highest wisdom ever taught to man. It is
+the fundamental article in the creed of modern Christianity,
+that Jesus was divine in his nature, and of miraculous origin
+and nativity. Now, no human being of ordinary intelligence,
+unwarped by educational bias, would ever profess to believe in
+such a monstrous figment, which only shows the blindness of
+superstitious prejudice.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Here is something twenty-four years later. A
+séance reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>, Oct. 9,
+1886, gives the following questions and answer:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Do </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">spirits</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">
+generally believe in the divinity of
+Jesus Christ; that he was the Son of God; that he was crucified,
+dead, and buried, and rose again the third day for the
+saving of all who should believe in him?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—No; spirits generally—advanced spirits, those
+who are intelligent, having studied deeply into the principles
+of life—do not accept the theory of the divinity of Jesus
+Christ; they do not believe that he was crucified for mankind,
+in the accepted understanding of that term.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Some years ago a class was formed in New York
+City for the purpose of investigating what is called
+the spiritual philosophy. Before that class, Dr.
+Weisse said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Friend Orton seems to make rather light of the communications
+from spirits concerning Christ. It seems, nevertheless,
+that all the testimony received from advanced spirits
+only shows that Christ was a medium and reformer in Judea;
+that he now is an advanced spirit in the sixth sphere; but
+that he never claimed to be God, and does not at present. I
+have had two communications to that effect. I have also
+read some that Dr. Hare had. If I am wrong in my views of
+the Bible, I should like to know it, for the spirits and mediums
+</span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">do not contradict me</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page085">[pg 085]</span><a name="Pg085" id="Pg085" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The peculiar insult here purposely offered to the
+Saviour will be appreciated when it is noted that at
+about the same time the spirits located Thomas Paine,
+the well-known skeptic, in the seventh sphere, one
+sphere above that of Christ. He must therefore
+have progressed very rapidly, seeing he so quickly
+surpassed Christ, who had over 1700 years the start
+of him.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Before the same class Dr. Hare is reported to
+have spoken as follows, which we give without
+assuming any responsibility for the spiritual grammar
+therein exhibited:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">He said that he had been thus protected from deception
+by the spirits of Washington and Franklin, and that they
+had brought Jesus Christ to him, with whom he had also
+communicated. He had first repelled him as an impostor;
+but became convinced afterward that it was really him. He
+related that he had learned from that high and holy spirit,
+that he was not the character that Christendom had represented
+him to be, and not responsible for the errors connected
+with his name, but that he was, while on earth, a medium of
+high and extraordinary powers, and that it was solely through
+his mediumistic capabilities that he attained so great knowledge,
+and was enabled to practice such apparent wonders.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+When Christ was upon earth, it was envy, jealousy,
+and malice that moved the Pharisees against
+him (Matt 27:18); and it seems that he is followed
+by the same feelings in the spirit world. This is
+natural; for he who fired the hearts of the Pharisees
+with their malignant spirit, is the same one, as we
+have seen, who is working through the powers of
+darkness in the unseen world to-day. Any way to
+degrade Christ in the minds of men to a level with,
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page086">[pg 086]</span><a name="Pg086" id="Pg086" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+or below, the mediums of our time, and make it
+appear that they can do as great wonders as he,
+seems to be the object in view.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+There is plainly manifest an irrepressible desire
+on the part of spirits and mediums to show Christ
+to be inferior to the leaders of other great religions
+of the world, as Buddha, Confucius, Zoroaster, etc.
+Thus, at a seance held in 1864 (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>,
+June 4), the spirits were questioned as follows:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Have you ever seen Confucius or
+Zoroaster?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Yes, many times.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—In the order of degree, which stands the
+higher in moral excellence—Jesus Christ, Confucius, or Zoroaster?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Confucius stands in morality higher than the other
+two.... Jesus himself claims to have been inspired to a
+large extent, by this same Confucius. And if we are to place
+reliance upon the records concerning each individual, we
+shall find that Jesus spoke the truth when he tells us that he
+was inspired by Confucius.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Indeed! Where are the records referred to?
+Where and when did Jesus <span class="tei tei-q">“speak”</span> the words
+attributed to him? And where does he tell <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">us</span></em>, that
+he was inspired by Confucius? So we are to believe,
+are we, that the gospel of Jesus Christ, is only a
+rehash of what was originally wrought out in the
+brain of Confucius, and not words fresh from the
+fountain of light given him by his Father in heaven,
+to speak, as he claimed them to be? Yet he was a
+high and <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">holy</span></em> medium. We wonder what standard
+of holiness and perfection the spirits can have.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+But still later, in 1896, we find the spirits putting
+forth the same teaching in reference to Jesus Christ.
+In <span class="tei tei-q">“Automatic, or Spirit Writing,”</span> pp. 148, 149,
+we have this:—
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page087">[pg 087]</span><a name="Pg087" id="Pg087" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Do you accept Jesus as the model of
+spiritual knowledge?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Shall you give us a better example?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Well, we are willing to accept him as one
+of many, but not as chief.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Change the name. Call him by other
+names—Buddha, Krishna, or Mohammed, the spirit is one—is ever
+and ever the same. Spirit is one, not many, however often
+the name is changed.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Were not Jesus, Buddha, and Mohammed
+distinct personalities?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—No more than all atoms emanating from the
+same source—parts of the great All of Being, partaking of the
+general characteristics of the grand whole—but yielding to
+environments, showed marked individualism, such as the
+force of the times in which they appeared would create in
+their characters.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Are these leaders of religious thought not
+distinct individualities now?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—No, not on spiritual planes, which do not recognize
+any now.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Thus they persist in denying that Jesus holds any
+pre-eminent position as a religious teacher. He may
+as well be called Buddha, Krishna, or Mohammed
+as Jesus. They are all the same spirit, all atoms of
+the great <span class="tei tei-q">“All of Being,”</span> all as much alike as three
+drops of water from the same ocean, and what is
+more bewildering still, they have now all lost their
+individuality in the spirit world. How, then, can it
+be told that Christ is in the sixth sphere, and Paine
+in the seventh? Such teachers, though they may
+claim to be good spirits, are branded as antichrist by
+both John and Jude. John says: <span class="tei tei-q">“Who is a liar but
+he that denieth that Jesus is the Christ? He is antichrist
+that denieth the Father and the Son.”</span> 1 John
+2:22. Again, <span class="tei tei-q">“Every spirit that confesseth not
+that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh is not of
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page088">[pg 088]</span><a name="Pg088" id="Pg088" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+God.”</span> 1 John 4:3. According to the spirits,
+Jesus Christ has no more come in the flesh than
+have Buddha, Mohammed, Confucius, Zoroaster, or
+any other religious teacher. They all simply yielded
+to their environments, and showed marked individualism
+while on this earth, and have now become
+absorbed in the <span class="tei tei-q">“great whole”</span> in the spirit world.
+Thus, as Jude says (verse 4), they deny <span class="tei tei-q">“the only
+Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+So much for their denial of Christ in his person.
+They also deny him in his offices; for to deny and
+ridicule what he came to do, is one of the most
+effectual ways of denying him. The great work of
+Christ was the shedding of his blood to atone for the
+sins of the world; and the spirits are particularly
+bitter in denouncing that idea. If such sentiments
+were uttered only by open and professed scoffers, it
+would not do so much harm; but it is not unusual
+to find those bearing the title of <span class="tei tei-q">“Reverend”</span> descanting
+on these themes in a manner to show themselves
+antichrist, according to the definition of that
+term by John. And even this need not surprise us;
+for the sure word of prophecy has foretold that some
+who have once held the true faith will depart therefrom
+to give heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines
+of devils. 1 Tim. 4:1.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+One R. P. Wilson, to whose name is attached the
+ministerial title, in his lectures on <span class="tei tei-q">“Spiritual
+Science,”</span> said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Although as a believer in true spiritual philosophy, we
+cannot receive the orthodox views of salvation, yet we recognize
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page089">[pg 089]</span><a name="Pg089" id="Pg089" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+the birth of a Saviour and Redeemer into the universal
+hearts of humanity, </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">wherein truly the deity is incarnate</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, dwelling
+in the interior of man's spirit. We believe that each
+soul of man is born with his or her Saviour within them; for
+as man is an embodiment of the universe in epitome, he contains
+in his central nature an incarnation of deity. The
+germ of immortal unfoldings resides within the spirit of it,
+which needs only appropriate conditions to call forth the expanding
+and elevating powers of the soul.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In <span class="tei tei-q">“Spiritual Science Demonstrated,”</span> p. 229,
+Dr. Hare said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Since my spirit sister's translation to the spheres, she
+has risen from the fifth to the sixth sphere. It has been
+alleged by her that her ascent was retarded by her belief in
+the atonement.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A <span class="tei tei-q">“spirit”</span> calling himself Deacon John Norton,
+as reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>, said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I used to believe in the atonement; I honestly believed
+that Christ died to save the world, and that by and through
+his death all must be saved if saved at all. Now I see that
+this is folly—it cannot be so. The light through Christ, the
+Holy One, shone in darkness; the darkness could not comprehend
+it; and thus it crucified the body, and Christ died a
+martyr. He was not called in that way, that by the shedding
+of his blood, the vast multitude coming after him
+should find salvation. Everything in nature proves this
+false. They tell me here that Christ was the most perfect
+man of his time. I am told here also that he is worthy to be
+worshiped, because of his goodness; and where man finds
+goodness he may worship. God's face is seen in the violet,
+and man may well worship this tiny flower.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In the pantheism of Spiritualism, every object in
+nature, the tiny flower, the pebbles, the trees, the
+birds and bees, are worthy to be worshiped as much
+as Christ. In one breath the spirits extol him as a
+most perfect man, pre-eminent in goodness and
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page090">[pg 090]</span><a name="Pg090" id="Pg090" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+worthy to be worshiped, and in the next, place him
+in a position which would make him the greatest
+fraud and impostor that ever lived. Such inconsistencies
+show that Christ is a miracle which evil
+men and evil angels know not how to dispose of.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+As they deny Christ, they must, logically, deny
+the doctrine of his second coming. This doctrine is
+made of especial importance and prominence in the
+New Testament. The nature of that coming, its
+manner, and the circumstances attending it are so
+fully described, that no one who adopts the Bible
+view can possibly be deceived by false christs.
+But the church and the world have been turned
+away from the true doctrine of the second advent,
+and the way is thus prepared for the great deceptions
+of the last days. Spiritualism is one of these, and
+claims that it is itself that second coming. Joel
+Tiffany, a former celebrated teacher of Spiritualism,
+has said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I must look for the coming of my Lord in my own
+affection. He must come in the clouds of my spiritual
+heavens, or he cannot come for any benefit to me.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+And through Mrs. Conant, a famous medium of
+the early days of Spiritualism, the controlling spirit
+said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">This second coming of Christ means simply the second
+coming of truths that are not themselves new, that have
+always existed.... He said, </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">When I come again, I shall
+not be known to you.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> Spiritualism is that second coming of
+Christ.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Banner of Light, Nov. 18, 1865.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+But the Bible description of this event is, the
+revelation of the Lord himself in the clouds of
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page091">[pg 091]</span><a name="Pg091" id="Pg091" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+heaven in the glory of the Father, the reverberating
+shout of triumph, the voice of the archangel, the
+trump of God, the flash of his presence like that of
+the lightning, the wailing of the tribes of the earth,
+as they thus behold him, while unprepared to meet
+him, and the resurrection of the righteous dead.
+And where and when have these inseparable accompaniments
+of that event been seen? They do not
+occur when a person is converted from sin, nor do
+they occur in the dying chamber, nor have they
+occurred in Spiritualism; and until they do take
+place, the second coming of Christ is not accomplished.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Many seek to dispose of such testimony as this,
+by making it all figurative, or meeting it with a bold
+denial, as in the case of the resurrection of the body.
+And the way has been too well prepared for this
+condition of things, by much of the teaching of
+popular orthodoxy, which turns the early records of
+the Bible into childish allegory, perverts the true
+doctrine of the coming and kingdom of Christ, and
+denies the resurrection of the dead, by destroying
+its necessity through the immortality of the soul.
+On the vital point of the resurrection, Dr. Clarke
+makes this noteworthy remark:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">One remark I cannot help making,—The doctrine of the
+resurrection appears to have been thought of much more
+consequence among the primitive Christians than it is </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">now</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">!
+How is this?—The apostles were continually insisting on it,
+and exciting the followers of God to diligence, obedience, and
+cheerfulness through it. And their successors in the present
+day seldom mention it! So the apostles preached, and so the
+primitive Christians believed; so we preach and so our hearers
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page092">[pg 092]</span><a name="Pg092" id="Pg092" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+believe. There is not a doctrine in the gospel on which more
+stress is laid; and there is not a doctrine in the present system
+of preaching which is treated with more neglect.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">On
+1 Corinthians
+15</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> (</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">original edition</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">).</span><a id="noteref_3" name="noteref_3" href="#note_3"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style="font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">3</span></span></a>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In view of the way the Bible has been treated by
+its professed friends, it is no wonder that infidelity
+prevails, and Spiritualism prospers.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+3. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">They Deny the Bible.</span></span>—The denial of God
+and Christ, as set forth above is, of course, a denial
+of the Bible; and not much need therefore be added
+on this point. We quote only a few representative
+utterances. Doctor Hare (<span class="tei tei-q">“Spiritual Science Demonstrated,”</span>
+p. 209) says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The Old Testament does not impart a knowledge of
+immortality, without which religion were worthless. The
+notions derived from the gospels are vague, disgusting, inaccurate,
+and difficult to believe.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+As to the Old Testament, it would seem doubtful
+whether Mr. Hare ever read far enough to find (1) Job
+exclaiming: <span class="tei tei-q">“For I know that my Redeemer liveth,
+and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth:
+and though after my skin worms destroy this body,
+yet in my flesh shall I see God: whom I shall see for
+myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not another;
+though my reins be consumed within me”</span> (or, as
+the margin reads: <span class="tei tei-q">“My reins within me are consumed
+with earnest desire [for that day];”</span>) or
+(2) David: <span class="tei tei-q">“I shall be satisfied, when I awake, with
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page093">[pg 093]</span><a name="Pg093" id="Pg093" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+thy likeness;”</span> or (3) Isaiah: <span class="tei tei-q">“Thy dead men shall
+live, together with my dead body shall they arise.
+Awake and sing, ye that dwell in the dust;”</span> or
+(4) Ezekiel: <span class="tei tei-q">“Behold, O my people, I will open
+your graves, and cause you to come up out of your
+graves;”</span> or (5) Daniel: <span class="tei tei-q">“Many of them that sleep
+in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting
+life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt;”</span>
+and (6) Hosea: <span class="tei tei-q">“I will ransom them from
+the power of the grave, I will redeem them from
+death.”</span> Job 19:25-27; Ps. 17:15; Isa. 26:19;
+Eze. 37:12; Dan. 12:2; Hosea 13:14. And as
+for the New Testament, it is no doubt <span class="tei tei-q">“disgusting”</span>
+to many Spiritualists to read that <span class="tei tei-q">“the fearful, and
+unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers,
+and whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and
+all liars, shall have their part in the lake which
+burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the second
+death;”</span> and that without the city <span class="tei tei-q">“are dogs, and
+sorcerers, and whoremongers, and murderers, and
+idolaters, and whosoever loveth and maketh a lie.”</span>
+Rev. 21:8; 22:15.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Communications from spirits are offered in place
+of the Bible as a better source of instruction, the
+Bible being denounced, as above quoted, as <span class="tei tei-q">“vague,
+inaccurate, and difficult to believe.”</span> A brief comparison
+of the two will furnish pertinent evidence on
+this point. Take, on the Bible side, for example,
+a portion of the record of creation (Gen. 1:1-5):—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
+And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page094">[pg 094]</span><a name="Pg094" id="Pg094" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved
+upon the face of the waters. And God said, Let there be
+light: and there was light. And God saw the light, that it
+was good: and God divided the light from the darkness.
+And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called
+Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The facts stated in this record, the profoundest
+minds can never comprehend; the language in which
+they are expressed, a little child can understand.
+The statements are plain and simple, a perfect model
+of perspicuous narrative. Place by the side of this
+an account of the same event, as given us from the
+<span class="tei tei-q">“spheres.”</span> The spirits have undertaken to produce
+a new Bible, beginning, like the old, with the
+creation; and this is the way it starts out, through
+the mediumship of <span class="tei tei-q">“Rev.”</span> T. L. Harris:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">1. In the beginning God, the Life in God, the Lord in
+God, the Holy Procedure, inhabited the dome, which, burning
+in magnificence primeval, and revolving in prismatic and
+undulatory spiral, appeared, and was the pavilion of the
+Spirit: In glory inexhaustible and inconceivable, in movement
+spherical, unfolded in harmonious procedure disclosive.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">2. And God said, Let good be manifest! and good unfolded
+and moral-mental germs, ovariums of heavens, descended from
+the Procedure. And the dome of disclosive magnificence
+was heaven, and the expanded glory beneath was the germ
+of creation. And the divine Procedure inbreathed upon the
+disclosure, and the disclosure became the universe.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+We will inflict no more of this <span class="tei tei-q">“undulatory
+spiral”</span> nonsense on the reader. He now has both
+records before him, and can judge for himself which
+is the more worthy of his regard. There have been
+Spiritualists who, writing in their normal state, and
+not yet fully divorced from the influence of their
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page095">[pg 095]</span><a name="Pg095" id="Pg095" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+former education, have acknowledged the authenticity
+of the Bible, and the doctrines of Jesus as
+recorded in the gospels. But these, it is claimed,
+are to be understood according to a spiritual meaning
+which underlies the letter; and this spiritual
+meaning generally turns out to be contrary to the
+letter, which is a virtual denial of the record itself.
+But the quotations here given (only a specimen of
+the multitudes that might be presented) are given on
+the authority of the <span class="tei tei-q">“spirits,”</span> whose teachings are
+what we wish to ascertain.
+</p>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc20" id="toc20"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">They Deny All Distinction Between Right
+And Wrong.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+There is implanted in the hearts of men by
+nature, a sense of right and a sense of wrong. Even
+those who know not God, nor Christ, nor the gospel,
+possess this power of discrimination. This is what
+Paul, in Rom. 2:15, calls <span class="tei tei-q">“the work of the law
+written in their hearts, their conscience also bearing
+witness, and their thoughts the meanwhile accusing
+or else excusing one another.”</span> That this distinction
+should now be denied by a class in a civilized community,
+professing to be advanced thinkers and
+teachers, among whom are found the learned, the
+refined, and the professedly pious, shows that we
+have fallen upon strange times. To be sure, many
+of them talk fluently of the beauty and perfection
+of divine laws; but in the sense in which they would
+have them understood, they rob them of all characteristics
+of law. The first great essential of law is
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page096">[pg 096]</span><a name="Pg096" id="Pg096" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+authority; but this they take away from it; the next
+is penalty for its violation; but this they deny, and
+thus degrade the law to a mere piece of advice.
+The <span class="tei tei-q">“Healing of the Nations,”</span> an authoritative
+work among Spiritualists, pp. 163, 164, says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Thus thy body needs no laws, having been in its creation
+supplied with all that could be necessary for its government.
+Thy spirit is above all laws, and above all essences
+which flow therein. God created thy spirit from within his
+own, and surely the Creator of law is above it; the Creator of
+essences must be above all essence created. And if thou hast
+what may be or might be termed laws, they are always subservient
+to thy spirit. Good men need no laws, and laws will
+do bad or ignorant men no good. If a man be above law, he
+should never be governed by it. If he be below, what good
+can dead, dry words do him?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">True knowledge removeth all laws from power by placing
+the spirit of man above it.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A correspondent of the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Telegraph</span></span> said of this
+work, <span class="tei tei-q">“The Healing of the Nations:”</span>—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">According to its teaching, no place is found in the universe
+for divine wrath and vengeance. All are alike and forever
+the object of God's love, pity, and tender care—the difference
+between the two extremes of human character on earth,
+being as a mere atom when compared with perfect wisdom.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+This is a favorite comparison with them,—that
+the difference between God and the best of men is
+so much greater than the extremes of character
+among men,—the most upright and the most wicked,—that
+the latter is a mere atom, and not accounted
+of in God's sight. That there is an infinite difference
+between God and the best of men, is all true; for
+God is infinite in all his attributes, and man is very
+imperfect at the best. But to argue from this that
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page097">[pg 097]</span><a name="Pg097" id="Pg097" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+God is inferior to man, so that he cannot discern
+difference in character here, even as man can plainly
+discern it, seems but mad-house reasoning. What
+would we think of the man who had the same regard
+for the thief as for the honest man, for the murderer
+as for the philanthropist? To ignore such
+distinctions as even men are able to discern would
+destroy the stability of all human governments;
+what then would be the effect on the divine government?
+God has given his law—holy, just, and
+good—to men, and commanded obedience. He
+has attached the penalty to disobedience: <span class="tei tei-q">“The soul
+that sinneth, it shall die,”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“The wages of sin is
+death.”</span> Eze. 18:20; Rom. 6:23. And in the
+judgment, the distinction God makes in character
+will be plainly declared; for he will set the righteous
+on his right hand, but the wicked on the left. Matt.
+25:32, 33.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+This view of the failure of law, and the absence
+of all human accountability, naturally leads to a bold
+denial of sin and the existence of crime. The
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Healing of the Nations,”</span> p. 169, says: <span class="tei tei-q">“Unto
+God there is no error; all is comparatively good.”</span>
+The same work says that God views error as <span class="tei tei-q">“undeveloped
+good.”</span> A. J. Davis (<span class="tei tei-q">“Nature of Divine
+Revelation,”</span> p. 521) says: <span class="tei tei-q">“Sin, indeed, in the
+common acceptation of that term, does not really
+exist.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A discourse from J. S. Loveland, once a minister,
+reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>, contained
+this paragraph:—
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page098">[pg 098]</span><a name="Pg098" id="Pg098" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">With God there is no crime; with man there is. Crime
+does not displease God, but it does man. God is in the darkest
+crime, as in the highest possible holiness. He is equally
+pleased in either case. Both harmonize equally with his
+attributes—they are only different sides of the same Deity.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In <span class="tei tei-q">“Automatic Writing”</span> (1896), p. 139, a question
+was asked concerning evil, meaning sin and
+crimes among men. The spirit answered that these
+were conditions of progress, and were so necessary
+to elevation that they were to be welcomed, not
+hated. The questions and answers are as follows:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Can you give us any information in
+regard to the so-called Devil—once so firmly believed in?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Devil is a word used to conjure
+with.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Well, then, as the word itself doubtless
+arose from the word </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">evil,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> which means to us unhappiness, can you
+give us an explanation of the existence of evil?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Evil—as you who are the greatest
+sufferers from it, name one of the conditions of progress—is as necessary,
+aye, more so, than what you call good, to your and our elevation
+to higher spheres. It is not to be hated, but welcomed.
+It is the winnowing of the grain from the chaff. Children of
+truth, don't worry over what to you seems evil; soon you will
+be of us and will understand, and be rejoiced that what you
+call evil persists and works as leaven in the great work of
+mind versus matter.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—But it seems to us impossible that brutal
+crimes like murder, assassinations, or great catastrophes, by which
+the innocent are made to suffer at the hands of malicious and
+cruel persons, should work for ultimate good?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Percipients of the grand whole of Being
+can understand but may not state to those on your plane, the underlying
+good making itself asserted even through such dreadful
+manifestations of human imperfections as the crimes you
+name.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">When asked why certain wrongs were allowed to be
+perpetuated, this answer was given:—</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page099">[pg 099]</span><a name="Pg099" id="Pg099" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">There is a law of psychical essence which makes necessary
+all these ephemeral entanglements which to you seem
+so severe, and you will yet see from your own standpoint of
+reason why such hardships must be endured by questioning
+souls on the highway of progress.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—But do you from your vantage ground of
+larger knowledge grow careless that such injustice is done?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—We do care, but cannot remedy.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Why can't you remedy?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Because humanity is but an embryo of
+existence.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—If you can perceive the trials and sorrows
+of mortals, and can interfere to save them, why do you not more
+often do so?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—When undeveloped souls pay the price of development,
+we stand aloof, and let the play go on. Interference
+will do no good.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In view of such a confession, what becomes of
+the many claims put forth by other spirits that they
+are ever hovering near their friends to assist and
+guard them, to help and inspire them, and keep
+them from evil and danger? These say that those
+terrible crimes (and this would include all crimes)
+are all necessary, that they are tending to develop
+souls, and bring them to higher spheres, and thus
+are just as laudable as good actions; so they settle
+back in a gleeful mood, and <span class="tei tei-q">“let the play go on;”</span>
+let wicked men cultivate and develop and practice
+their evil propensities, and the innocent suffer. Well
+may men pray to be delivered from such a spirit
+assembly as that.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In <span class="tei tei-q">“Healing of the Nations,”</span> p. 402, Dr. Hare
+says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">That anything should, even for an instant, be contrary
+to his will, is inconsistent with his foresight and omnipotency.
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page100">[pg 100]</span><a name="Pg100" id="Pg100" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+It would be a miracle that anything counter to his
+will should exist.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A lecture on the <span class="tei tei-q">“Philosophy of Reform,”</span> given
+by A. J. Davis, in New York City, bears testimony
+to the same effect:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">In the Hebrew and Christian Scriptures, it is affirmed
+that sin is the transgression of the law. But by an examination
+of nature, the true and only Bible, it will be seen that
+this statement is erroneous. It gives a wrong idea of both
+man and law.... It will be found impossible for man to
+transgress a law of God.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Thus they very illogically assume that if God
+has the will or the power to prevent evil, it could not
+exist, and therefore, if there is such a God, he is responsible,
+forgetting that God is long-suffering, and
+bears long with vessels of wrath fitted for destruction,
+before they pass beyond the limits of his mercy
+and perish. But Mr. Davis says further:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Reformers need to understand that war is as natural to
+one stage of human development as peace is natural to another.
+My brother has the spirit of revenge. Shall I call
+him a demon? Is not his spirit natural to his condition?
+War is not evil or repulsive except to a man of peace. Who
+made the non-resistant? Polygamy is as natural to one stage
+of development as oranges are natural to the South. Shall I
+grow indignant, and because I am a monogamist, condemn
+my kinsman of yore? Who made him? Who made me?
+We both came up under the confluence of social and political
+circumstances; and we both represent our conditions and our
+teachers. The doctrine of blame and praise is natural only
+to an unphilosophical condition of mind. The spirit of complaint—of
+attributing </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">evil</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> to this and that plane of society—is
+natural; but is natural only to undeveloped minds. It is
+a profanation—a sort of atheism of which I would not be
+guilty.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page101">[pg 101]</span><a name="Pg101" id="Pg101" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The Bible says, <span class="tei tei-q">“Woe unto them that call evil
+good, and good evil; that put darkness for light and
+light for darkness.”</span> Isa. 5:20. And it makes
+another declaration which finds abundant confirmation
+in the sentiments quoted above: <span class="tei tei-q">“Because sentence
+against an evil work is not executed speedily,
+therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set
+in them to do evil.”</span> Eccl. 8:11.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Having thus attempted to destroy in the minds
+of men all distinction between good and evil, all
+being alike in God's sight, and all equally good, they
+try to make the way a little broader and easier for
+men to give full rein to all the propensities and
+inclinations of an evil heart, by teaching that there
+is no Lawgiver and Judge before whom men must
+appear to give an account of their deeds, but that
+they are responsible to themselves alone, and must
+give account only to their own natures. Thus Hon.
+J. B. Hall, in a lecture reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of
+Light</span></span>, Feb. 6, 1864, said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I believe that man is amenable to no law not written
+upon his own nature, no matter by whom given.... By his
+own nature he must be tried—by his own acts he must stand
+or fall. True, man must give an account to God for all his
+deeds; but how?—Solely by giving account to his own nature—to
+himself.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+At a séance reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>,
+May 28, 1864, the following question was proposed,
+and the answer was by the communicating spirit:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—To whom or to what is the soul
+accountable?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—To no Deity outside the realm of its own being,
+certainly; to no God which is a creation of fancy; to no
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page102">[pg 102]</span><a name="Pg102" id="Pg102" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+Deity who dwells in a far-off heaven, and sits upon a white
+throne; to no Jesus of Nazareth; to no patron saint; to no
+personality; to no principle outside our own individual
+selves.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The <span class="tei tei-q">“Healing of the Nations,”</span> p. 74, says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Man is his own saviour, his own redeemer. He is his
+own judge—in his own scales weighed.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A little over twenty years after the birth of
+Spiritualism, Aug. 25, 1868, the Fifth National
+Convention of Spiritualists was held in Corinthian
+hall, Rochester, N. Y., at which a formal <span class="tei tei-q">“Declaration
+of Principles”</span> was set forth. From the seventh
+and eighth paragraphs, under principle 20, we quote
+the following:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Seventh</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, To stimulate the mind to the largest
+investigation ... that we may be qualified to </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">judge for ourselves</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> what
+is right and true. </span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Eighth</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, To deliver from </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">all bondage to
+authority</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, whether vested in </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">creed</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">book</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, or
+</span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">church</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, except that of received truth.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+This is the same principle of man's responsibility
+to no one but himself, authoritatively adopted.
+What a picture have we now before us! Destroy
+man's belief in, and reverence for, God and Christ,
+as they do; lead him to ridicule the atonement, the
+only remedy for sin; make him disbelieve the Bible;
+take away from his mind all distinction between right
+and wrong, and assure him that he is accountable
+to no one but himself; and how better could one
+prepare the way to turn men into demons. All this
+the spirits, by their teaching, seek to do. And can
+any one fail to foresee the result? Comparatively
+a small proportion of the inhabitants of this country
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page103">[pg 103]</span><a name="Pg103" id="Pg103" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+have committed themselves to these views; consequently
+but little of the legitimate fruit as yet
+appears; but take human nature as it is and suppose
+all the inhabitants of this land to act on these principles,
+and then what would we have?—A pandemonium,
+a scene of anarchy, riot, bloodshed, and
+all depths of rottenness and corruption—in short,
+a hell so much worse than that to which the Devil
+is popularly assigned, that he would at once change
+his location and here take up his abode.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+That this statement is none too strong, will appear
+as we look a moment at some of the results
+which have already developed themselves among the
+friends of such views, and as their inevitable fruit.
+The tendency can by no possibility be otherwise than
+to atheism and all immorality. As has been already
+remarked, the repulsive features were made much
+more prominent in the early stages of Spiritualism
+than at the present time. They are now held in the
+background. The literature touching these points
+has been remodeled, and an air of respectability and
+religion assumed. Most of the quotations therefore
+date some years back, and would be charitably withheld
+were there any evidence of reform either present
+or prospective. But where or when have these
+principles ever been officially repudiated, and evidence
+given that the consequent practices had been
+abandoned? That there are many Spiritualists of
+upright and moral lives, and honorable members of
+society, in the best sense of that term, we gladly
+believe; but is not this because they are living above
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page104">[pg 104]</span><a name="Pg104" id="Pg104" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+their principles; and due, not to the influence, but
+rather to the non-influence of real Spiritualism upon
+their lives? The quotations given are from those
+who have been prominent among Spiritualists as
+authors and speakers. If they overdraw the picture,
+the responsibility is with them. Dr. B. P. Randolph,
+author of a work <span class="tei tei-q">“Dealings with the Dead,”</span>
+was eight years a medium, then renounced Spiritualism
+long enough to expose its character, then
+returned to it again, unable to break entirely away
+from the spell it has fastened upon him. He gives
+his opinion of it in the following scathing words:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I enter the arena as the champion of common sense,
+against what in my soul I believe to be the most tremendous
+enemy of God, morals, and religion, that ever found foothold
+on the earth;—the most seductive, hence the most dangerous,
+form of sensualism that ever cursed a nation, age, or people.
+I was a medium about eight years, during which time I made
+three thousand speeches, and traveled over several different
+countries, proclaiming its new gospel. I now regret that so
+much excellent breath was wasted, and that my health of
+mind and body was well nigh ruined. I have only begun
+to regain both since I totally abandoned it, and to-day had
+rather see the cholera in my house, than be a spiritual
+medium.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">As a trance speaker, I became widely known; and now
+aver that during the entire eight years of my mediumship, I
+firmly and sacredly confess that I had not the control of my
+own mind, as I now have, one twentieth of the time; and
+before man and high heaven I most solemnly declare that I
+do not now believe that during the whole eight years, I was
+sane for thirty-six consecutive hours, in consequence of the
+trance and the susceptibility thereto.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">For seven years I held daily intercourse with what purported
+to be my mother's spirit. I am now fully persuaded
+that it was nothing but an evil spirit, an infernal demon,
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page105">[pg 105]</span><a name="Pg105" id="Pg105" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+who, in that guise, gained my soul's confidence, and led me
+to the very brink of ruin. We read in Scripture of demoniac
+possession, as well as abnormal spiritual action. Both facts
+exist, provable to-day; I am positive the former does. A. J.
+Davis and his clique of Harmonialists say there are no evil
+spirits. I emphatically deny the statement. Five of my
+friends destroyed themselves, and I attempted it, by direct
+spiritual influences. Every crime in the calendar has been
+committed by mortal movers of viewless beings. Adultery,
+fornication, suicides, desertions, unjust divorces, prostitution,
+abortion, insanity, are not evils, I suppose. I charge
+all these to this scientific Spiritualism. It has also broken
+up families, squandered fortunes, tempted and destroyed
+the weak. It has banished peace from happy families,
+separated husbands and wives, and shattered the intellect
+of thousands.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The following is an extract from the writings of
+J. F. Whitney, editor of the New York <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Pathfinder</span></span>.
+His view of the subject accords with that of Dr.
+Randolph:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Now, after a long and constant watchfulness, seeing for
+months and for years its progress and its practical workings
+upon its devotees, its believers, and its mediums, we are compelled
+to speak our honest conviction, which is, that the manifestations
+coming through the acknowledged mediums, who
+are designated as rapping, tipping, writing, and entranced
+mediums, have a baneful influence upon believers, and create
+discord and confusion; that the generality of these teachings
+inculcate false ideas, approve of selfish individual acts, and
+endorse theories and principles, which, when carried out,
+debase and make men little better than the brute. These are
+among the fruits of Modern Spiritualism, and we do not hesitate
+to say that we believe if these manifestations are continued
+to be received, and to be as little understood as they are,
+and have been since they made their appearance at Rochester,
+and mortals are to be deceived by their false, fascinating,
+and snakelike charming powers, which go with them, the
+day will come when the world will require the appearance of
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page106">[pg 106]</span><a name="Pg106" id="Pg106" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+another Saviour to redeem the world from its departing from
+Christ's warnings.... Seeing, as we have, the gradual
+progress it makes with its believers, particularly its mediums,
+from lives of morality to those of sensuality and immorality,
+gradually and cautiously undermining the foundation of
+good principles, we look back with amazement to the radical
+change which a few months will bring about in individuals;
+for its tendency is to approve and endorse each individual act
+and character, however good or bad these acts may be....</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">We desire to send forth our warning voice, and if our
+humble position as the head of a public journal, our known
+advocacy of Spiritualism, our experience, and the conspicuous
+part we have played among its believers, the honesty and
+the fearlessness with which we have defended the subject,
+will weigh anything in our favor, we desire that our opinions
+may be received, and those who are moving passively down
+the rushing rapids to destruction should pause, ere it be too
+late, and save themselves from the blasting influence which
+those manifestations are causing.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Every one who knows anything about Spiritualism
+has heard of Cora Hatch, who traveled extensively,
+and manifested her powers as an extemporaneous
+lecturer before astonished multitudes. One of her
+husbands, Dr. Hatch, renounced Spiritualism, and
+the following is from the testimony he bore concerning
+it:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The most damning iniquities are everywhere perpetrated
+in spiritual circles, a very small percentage of which
+ever comes to public attention. I care not whether it be spiritual
+or mundane, the facts exist, and should demand the
+attention and condemnation of an intelligent community....
+The abrogation of marriage, bigamy, accompanied by
+robbery, theft, rape, are all chargeable upon Spiritualism.
+I most solemnly affirm that I do not believe that there has,
+during the last five hundred years, arisen any people who are
+guilty of so great a variety of crimes and indecencies as the
+Spiritualists of America.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page107">[pg 107]</span><a name="Pg107" id="Pg107" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">For a long time I was swallowed up in its whirlpool of
+excitement, and comparatively paid but little attention to
+its evils, believing that much good might result from the
+opening of the avenues of Spiritual intercourse. But during
+the past eight months I have devoted my attention to critical
+investigation of its moral, social, and religious bearing, and I
+stand appalled before the revelations of its awful and damning
+realities.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Much testimony of this nature might be given
+from those who have had similar experiences and
+equally favorable facilities for judging of the character
+of Spiritualism. We present only a few extracts more.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Dr. Wm. B. Potter of New York, in an article
+under the head of <span class="tei tei-q">“Astounding Facts,”</span> and also in
+a tract entitled, <span class="tei tei-q">“Spiritualism as It Is,”</span> gives the
+result of his experience and observations. His testimony
+is the more valuable, since he writes not
+from the standpoint of one who has renounced Spiritualism,
+whose feelings may for the time be overwrought,
+and his language stronger than would be
+used in calmer moments. When he wrote, he was
+still an advocate of Spiritualism, and spoke as a friend
+who would, if possible, induce Spiritualists to reform
+their faith and their manner of living. He says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Fifteen years of critical study of Spiritual literature, an
+extensive acquaintance with the leading Spiritualists, and a
+patient, systematic, and thorough examination of the manifestations
+for many years, enable us to speak from actual
+knowledge, definitely and positively, of </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Spiritualism as It
+Is.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> Spiritual literature is full of the most insidious and
+seductive doctrines, calculated to undermine the very foundations
+of morality and virtue, and lead to the most unbridled
+licentiousness.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page108">[pg 108]</span><a name="Pg108" id="Pg108" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">We are told that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">we must have charity,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> that it is
+wrong to blame any one, that we must not expose iniquity,
+as </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">it will harden the guilty,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">none should be punished,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">
+that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">man is a machine, and not to blame for his conduct,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">
+that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">there is no high, no low, no good, no bad,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">sin is a
+lesser degree of righteousness,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">nothing we can do can
+injure the soul or retard its progress,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">those who act the
+worst will progress the fastest,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">lying is right, slavery is
+right, murder is right, adultery is right,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">whatever is,
+is right.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Hardly can you find a Spiritualist book, paper, lecture,
+or communication that does not contain some of these pernicious
+doctrines; in disguise, if not openly. Hundreds of
+families have been broken up, and many affectionate wives
+deserted by </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">affinity-seeking</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> husbands. Many once devoted
+wives have been seduced, and left their husbands and tender,
+helpless children, to follow some </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">higher attraction.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> Many
+well-disposed but simple-minded girls have been deluded
+by </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">affinity</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> notions, and led off by </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">affinity hunters,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> to be
+deserted in a few months, with blasted reputations, or led
+to deeds still more dark and criminal, to hide their shame.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The same writer also mentions a fact which shows
+where the responsibility of all this looseness of morals
+belongs. He says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">At the National Spiritual Convention at Chicago, called
+to consider the question of a national organization, the only
+plan approved by the committee, especially provided that no
+charge should ever be entertained against any member, and
+that any person, without any regard to his or her moral character,
+might become a member.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The fact that no plan could find approval which
+did not provide that they should never be blamed
+nor called to account for any of their deeds, shows
+on what points they felt the most anxious, and
+plainly proves that they belong to the class of which
+Christ spoke, who loved darkness rather than light,
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page109">[pg 109]</span><a name="Pg109" id="Pg109" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+and who would not come to the light lest their deeds
+should be reproved. John 3:19-21.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It is unpleasant to wade through pools of filth,
+and we therefore spare the reader quotations from
+those Spiritualists who have not only avowed the
+most revolting practices of free love, but openly
+advocated the same, and endeavored to induce others
+to come out likewise, on the ground that they were
+only honestly and publicly admitting what the others
+believed and practiced in secret. For the same
+reason we pass by the notorious Woodhull and
+Claflin, and Hull and Jamieson episodes, in this field,
+which, in the illustration and language of another,
+<span class="tei tei-q">“burst upon the country like a rotten egg three
+thousand miles in diameter!”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It may be said that these things are in the past
+and the situation has now greatly changed. For the
+benefit of those who thus flatter themselves we introduce
+one more quotation. It is from <span class="tei tei-q">“The Law of
+Psychic Phenomena,”</span> by T. J. Hudson (A. C.
+McClurg &amp; Co., Chicago, 1894). The language is
+candid and conciliatory, and the author cannot be
+accused of any undue prejudice on the question of
+which he speaks. On page 335, he says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I do not charge Spiritualists as a class with being advocates
+of the doctrines of free love. On the contrary, I am
+aware that, as a class, they hold the marriage relation in sacred
+regard. I cannot forget, however, that but a few years
+ago some of their leading advocates and mediums proclaimed
+the doctrine of free love in all its hideous deformity from
+every platform in the land. Nor do I fail to remember that
+the better class of Spiritualists everywhere repudiated the
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page110">[pg 110]</span><a name="Pg110" id="Pg110" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+doctrine, and denounced its advocates and exemplars. Nevertheless
+the moral virus took effect here and there all over the
+country, and it is doing its deadly work in secret in many an
+otherwise happy home. And </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">I charge a large and constantly
+growing class of professional mediums with being the leading
+propagandists</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> of the doctrine of </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">free love</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">. They infest every
+community in the land, and it is well known to all men and
+women who are dissatisfied or unhappy in their marriage
+relations, that they can always find sympathy by consulting
+the average medium, and can, moreover, find justification for
+illicit love by invoking the spirits of the dead through such
+mediums.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+We have italicized that passage in the foregoing
+which shows that the deadly evil is still working in
+secret, and that a large and constantly growing
+number of professionals are aiding and abetting the
+iniquity.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc21" id="toc21"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Dangers Of Mediumship.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A few testimonies will show that when one gives
+himself or herself up to the control of the spirits,
+such ones take a most perilous position. The spirits
+insist on their victims becoming passive, ceasing to
+resist, and yielding their whole wills to them. Some
+of their persuasive words are these: <span class="tei tei-q">“Come in confidence
+to us;”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“Let our teachings deeply impress
+you;”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“You must not doubt what we say;”</span>
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Learn of us;”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“Obey our directions and you will
+be benefited;”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“Seek to obtain knowledge of us;”</span>
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Have faith in us;”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“Fear not to obey;”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“Obey
+us and you will be greatly blessed;”</span> etc., etc.
+Mesmerists operate in the same way. They gain
+control of their subjects in the same way that the
+spirits mesmerize their mediums, and when under
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page111">[pg 111]</span><a name="Pg111" id="Pg111" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+their control, the spirits cause them to see whatever
+they bring before them, and hear according to their
+wills, and do as they bid. And the things they suppose
+they see and hear, and what they are to do, are
+only such things as exist in the mind of the mesmerizing
+power. The subject is completely at the mercy
+of the invisible agency; and to put one's self there
+is a most heaven-daring and hazardous act. Mr.
+Hudson (<span class="tei tei-q">“Law of Psychic Phenomena,”</span> p. 336)
+says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">To the young whose characters are not formed, and to
+those whose notions of morality are loose, the dangers of
+mediumship are </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">appalling</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+To further gain the confidence of mortals, the
+spirits claim to be the ones who answer their
+prayers. In <span class="tei tei-q">“Automatic Writing,”</span> p. 142, we
+have this:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Will our friends tell us whether from
+their point of view, there is any real efficacy in prayer?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> [by spirits].—Shall not </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">a soul's sincere
+desire</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> arouse in discarnate and free spirits effort to make that sincere
+desire a reality? What good can come from aspirations
+on mortal planes, save through the efforts to make those
+aspirations realized on spiritual planes, by the will of freed
+spirits?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mediums are unable to resist the powers of the
+unseen world when once under their control.
+Professor Brittan (<span class="tei tei-q">“Telegraphic Answer to Mahan,”</span>
+p. 10), concerning mediumship, says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">We may further add in this connection that the trance
+mediums for spirit intercourse are equally irresponsible.
+Many of them are totally unable to resist the powers which
+come to them from the invisible and unknown realms.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page112">[pg 112]</span><a name="Pg112" id="Pg112" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Dr. Randolph (<span class="tei tei-q">“Dealings with the Dead,”</span>
+p. 150) shows the dangers of mediumship, as follows:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I saw that one great cause of the moral looseness of
+thousands of sensitive-nerved people on earth, resulted from
+the infernal possessions and obsessions of their persons by
+delegations from those realms of darkness and (to all but
+themselves) unmitigated horror. A sensitive man or woman—no
+matter how virtuously inclined—may, unless by constant
+prayer and watchfulness they prevent it and keep the
+will active and the sphere entire, be led into the most
+abominable practices and habits.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+This same writer, in the same work, pp. 108,
+109, says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Those ill-meaning ones who live just beyond the threshold,
+often obtain their ends by subtly infusing a semi-sense
+of volitional power into the minds of their intended victims,
+so that at last they come to believe themselves to be self-acting,
+when in fact they are the merest shuttlecocks bandied
+about between the battledores of knavish devils on one side,
+and devilish knaves upon the other, and between the two the
+poor fallen wretches are nearly heart-reft and destroyed.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A work by A. J. Davis called <span class="tei tei-q">“The Diakka, and
+their Earthly Victims,”</span> mentions the nature of these
+denizens of the spirit world, and their wonderful
+location. The country (to speak after the manner
+of men) which they inhabit, is so large that it would
+require not less than 1,803,026 diameters of the
+earth to span its longitudinal extent. This he had
+from a spirit he calls James Victor Wilson, a
+profound mathematician! This space is occupied
+by spirits who have passed from earth, who are
+<span class="tei tei-q">“morally deficient, and affectionally unclean.”</span>—<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Page</span></span>
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page113">[pg 113]</span><a name="Pg113" id="Pg113" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+7. The same spirit, Wilson, describes the
+diakka as those <span class="tei tei-q">“who take insane delight in playing
+parts, in juggling tricks, in personating opposite
+characters to whom prayers and profane utterances
+are of equi-value; surcharged with a passion for lyrical
+narrations; one whose every attitude is instinct
+with the schemes of specious reasoning, sophistry,
+pride, pleasure, wit, subtle convivialities; a boundless
+disbeliever, one who thinks that all private life
+will end in the all-consuming self-love of God.”</span>—<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Page
+13.</span></span> On page 13 he says further of them, that
+they are <span class="tei tei-q">“never resting, never satisfied with life,
+often amusing themselves with jugglery and tricky
+witticisms, invariably victimizing others; secretly
+tormenting mediums, causing them to exaggerate in
+speech, and to falsify in acts; unlocking and unbolting
+the street doors of your bosom and memory;
+pointing your feet into wrong paths, and far more.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+What this <span class="tei tei-q">“far more”</span> is, we are left to conjecture.
+The advertisement of this book says that
+it is <span class="tei tei-q">“an explanation of much that is false and
+repulsive in Spiritualism.”</span> W. F. Jamieson, in a
+Spiritualist paper, called these diakka <span class="tei tei-q">“a troop
+of devils,”</span> and quoted Judge Carter as saying:
+<span class="tei tei-q">“There is one thing clear, that these diakka, or
+fantastic or mixed spirits, are very numerous and
+abundant, and take any and every opportunity of
+obtruding themselves.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hudson Tuttle, author of <span class="tei tei-q">“Life in Two Spheres”</span>
+and other Spiritualistic works, speaks of <span class="tei tei-q">“a communication,
+through a noted medium, to Gerald
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page114">[pg 114]</span><a name="Pg114" id="Pg114" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+Massey from his <span class="tei tei-q">‘dog Pip,’</span> the said Pip <span class="tei tei-q">‘licking
+the slate and writing with a good degree of intelligence.’</span> ”</span>
+He adds, <span class="tei tei-q">“Mr. Davis would say that
+<span class="tei tei-q">‘Pip’</span> was a <span class="tei tei-q">‘diakka,’</span> and to-morrow he will communicate
+as George Washington, Theodore Parker,
+or Balaam's ass. This diakka is flesh, fish, or fowl,
+as you may desire.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Some idea of how the spirits sometimes torment
+the mediums, as hinted at above, may be gained
+from the following instance. In <span class="tei tei-q">“Astounding Facts
+from the Spirit World,”</span> pp. 253, 254, Dr. Gridley
+describes the case of a medium sixty years of age,
+living near him in Southampton, Mass. The sufferings
+inflicted upon him <span class="tei tei-q">“in two months at the hands
+of evil spirits would fill a volume of five hundred
+pages.”</span> Of these sufferings, the following are
+specimens:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">They forbade his eating, to the very point of starvation.
+He was a perfect skeleton; they compelled him to walk day
+and night, with intermissions, to be sure, as their avowed
+object was to torment him as much and as long as possible.
+They swore by everything sacred and profane, that they
+would knock his brains out, always accompanying their
+threats with blows on the forehead or temples, like that of a
+mallet in the hands of a powerful man, with this difference,
+however; the latter would have made him unconscious, while
+in full consciousness he now endured the indescribable agony
+of those heavy and oft-repeated blows; they declared they
+would skin him alive; that he must go to New York and be
+dissected by inches, all of which he fully believed. They
+declared that they would bore holes into his brain, when he
+instantly felt the action suited to the word, as though a dozen
+augers were being turned at once into his very skull; this
+done, they would fill his brain with bugs and worms to eat it
+out, when their gnawing would instantly commence.
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page115">[pg 115]</span><a name="Pg115" id="Pg115" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+These spirits would pinch and pound him, twitch him up
+and throw him down, yell and blaspheme, and use the most
+obscene language that mortals can conceive; they would
+declare that they were Christ in one breath, and devils in the
+next; they would tie him head to foot for a long time together
+in a most excruciating posture; declare they would wring
+his neck off because he doubted or refused obedience.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Who can doubt that such spirits are the angels of
+the evil one himself? Dr. Gridley in the same work,
+p. 19, gives the experience of another medium, for
+the truthfulness of which he offers the fullest
+proof:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">We have seen the medium evidently possessed by
+Irishmen and Dutchmen of the lowest grade—heard him
+repeat Joshua's drunken prayers [Joshua was a strong but
+brutish man he had known in life], exactly like the original,—imitate
+his drunkenness in word and deed—try to repeat,
+or rather act over his most brutal deeds (from which for
+decency's sake, he was instantly restrained by extraordinary
+exertion and severe rebuke)—snap and grate his teeth most
+furiously, strike and swear, while his eyes flashed like the
+fires of an orthodox perdition. We have heard him hiss, and
+seen him writhe his body like the serpent when crawling,
+and dart out his tongue, and play it exactly like that reptile.
+These exhibitions were intermingled with the most wrangling
+and horrible convulsions.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+These descriptions, it would seem, ought to be
+enough to strike terror to any heart at the thought
+of being a medium. But there is yet another phase
+of the subject that should not be passed by. These
+fallen spirits who are engineering the work of Spiritualism,
+to maintain their <span class="tei tei-q">“assumed characters,”</span> and
+<span class="tei tei-q">“play their parts”</span> like the aforesaid diakka, represent
+that disembodied spirits <span class="tei tei-q">“just over the threshold,”</span>
+still retain the characteristics they bore in life, such
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page116">[pg 116]</span><a name="Pg116" id="Pg116" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+as a disposition to sensuality and licentiousness, love
+of rum, tobacco, and other vices, and that they can,
+by causing the medium to plunge excessively into
+these things, thereby still gratify their own propensities
+to indulge in them. The following sketch by
+Hudson Tuttle, a very popular author among Spiritualists,
+is somewhat lengthy, but the idea could not
+better be presented than by giving it entire. In
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Life in Two Spheres,”</span> pp. 35-37, he says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Reader, have you ever entered the respectable saloon?
+Have you ever watched the stupid stare of the inebriate when
+the eye grew less and less lustrous, slowly closing, the muscles
+relaxing, and the victim of appetite sinking over on the floor
+in beastly drunkenness? Oh, how dense the fumes of mingled
+tobacco and alcohol! Oh, what misery confined in those
+walls! If you have witnessed such scenes, then we need
+describe no further. If you have not, then you had not
+better hear the tale of woe. Imagine to yourselves a bar-room
+with all its sots, and their number multiplied indefinitely,
+while conscience-seared and bloated fiends stand
+behind the bar, from whence they deal out death and damnation,
+and the picture is complete. </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">One has just arrived
+from earth.</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> He is yet uninitiated in the mysteries and miseries
+of those which, like hungry lions, await him. He died
+while intoxicated—was frozen while lying in the gutter, and
+consequently is attracted toward this society. He possessed
+a good intellect, but it was shattered beyond repair by his
+debauches.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“ </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Ye ar' a fresh one, aint ye?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> coarsely queried a sot,
+just then particularly communicative.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“ </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Why, yes, I have just died, as they call it, and 'taint
+so bad a change after all; only I suppose there'll be dry times
+here for the want of something stimulant.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“ </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Not so dry; lots of that all the time, and jolly times too.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“ </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Drink! Can you drink, then?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“ </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Yes, we just can, and feel as nice as you please. But
+all can't, not unless they find one on earth just like them.
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page117">[pg 117]</span><a name="Pg117" id="Pg117" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+You go to earth, and mix with your chums; and when you
+find one whose thoughts you can read, he's your man. Form
+a connection with him, and when he gets to feeling </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">good</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">,
+you'll feel so too.—There, do you understand me? I always
+tell all fresh ones the glorious news, for how they would suffer
+if it wasn't for this blessed thing.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“ </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">I'll try, no mistake.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“ </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Here's a covey,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> spoke an ulcerous-looking being; </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">he's
+of our stripe. Tim, did you hear what an infernal scrape I
+got into last night? No, you didn't. Well, I went to our
+friend Fred's; he didn't want to drink when I found him;
+his dimes looked so extremely large. Well, I </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">destroyed that
+feeling</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, and made him think he was dry. He drank, and
+drank, more than I wanted him to, until I was so drunk that
+I could not break my connection with him, or control his
+mind. He undertook to go home, fell into the snow, and
+came near freezing to death. I suffered awfully, ten times
+as much as when I died.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">... Reader, we draw the curtain
+over scenes like these, such as are daily occurring in this
+society.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In these cases the whole evil of the indulgences
+of course falls upon the mediums; and who would
+wish to assume personal relation with such a world,
+and be forced to bear in their own bodies the evils
+of the unhallowed indulgences of unseen spirits,
+against their will?
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Other scenes represented as taking place in
+the spirit land, are most grotesque and silly and
+would be taken as a burlesque upon Spiritualism,
+were they not put forth in all gravity by the friends
+and advocates of that so-called new revelation.
+Thus Judge Edmunds, giving an account of what he
+had seen in the spirit world, mentions the case of an
+old woman busy churning, who promised him, if he
+would call again, a drink of buttermilk; he speaks
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page118">[pg 118]</span><a name="Pg118" id="Pg118" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+of men fighting, of courtezans trying to continue
+their lewd conduct; of a mischievous boy who split
+a dog's tail open, and put a stick in it, just to witness
+its misery; of the owner of the dog, who, attracted
+by its cries, discovered the cause, and beat
+the boy, who fled, but was pursued and beaten and
+kicked far up the road. See Edmund's <span class="tei tei-q">“Spiritualism,”</span>
+Vol. II, pp. 135-144, 181, 182, 186, 189.
+Surely here are the diakka playing their pranks in
+all their glory.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc22" id="toc22"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Miscellaneous Teaching.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+On the leading points of faith as held by Christians
+generally, quotations have been given to show
+sufficiently what the spirits teach, and the object
+they are trying to effect. But the reader will be
+interested to learn what they teach on some other
+points which incidentally appear in their communications.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spiritualists object most strenuously to the idea of
+unconsciousness in death, or to the Bible declaration,
+<span class="tei tei-q">“The dead know not anything.”</span> But the spirits
+themselves teach this very thing. Thus Judge Edmunds,
+Vol. II, Appendix B, p. 524, quotes the
+confession of a spirit that he was totally unconscious
+for a time, he could not tell how long, and awoke to
+consciousness gradually; and that the state of unconsciousness
+differs with different persons, depending
+on circumstances. A. J. Davis admits that Professor
+Webster was eight days and a half unconscious.—<span class="tei tei-hi"><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-style: italic">“</span><span style="font-style: italic">Death
+and the After Life,</span><span style="font-style: italic">”</span></span><span style="font-style: italic"> pp. 18, 19.</span></span>
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page119">[pg 119]</span><a name="Pg119" id="Pg119" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Through Mrs. Conant, medium, in <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>,
+June 3, 1865, we have this information: <span class="tei tei-q">“It is
+said that some spirits require a thousand years to
+awake to consciousness. Is this true?—Yes, this
+is true.”</span> In <span class="tei tei-q">“Automatic Writing,”</span> p. 93, the
+spirits teach the same thing to-day. If others deny
+such statements, it only shows that their testimony
+is contradictory and therefore unreliable.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Again, the Bible doctrine that the incorrigibly
+wicked must cease from conscious existence, is denounced
+by Spiritualists; but on this point the
+spirits confess also:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Do I understand you to say that a
+diakka is one who believes in ultimate annihilation?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Only yesterday one said to a lady
+medium, signing himself </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Swedenborg,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> this: </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Whatsoever is, has been,
+will be, or may be, </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">that</span></em> <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-variant: small-caps">I am</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, and private
+life is but the aggregative phantasms of thinking throblets rushing in their
+rising onward to the central heart of eternal
+death.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Diakka</span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">
+p. 11.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Does every human being continue life on
+higher planes?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Shall not all who are abortions die?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Do you mean that some born on this plane
+may spiritually die from lack of force to persist?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Yes—both women and men are born into the
+divine humanity who must necessarily perish, because they
+have not sufficient soul strength to persist.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Automatic
+Writing,</span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic"> pp. 101, 102.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+There is, it seems, a purgatory in the spirit
+world. In answer to a question, a spirit replied:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">There is a sphere in spirit life allotted to those who
+leave the earthly plane in spiritual ignorance, which is </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">not
+pleasing</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> to dwell upon, yet which is absolutely necessary to
+spiritual soul growth.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Id., p. 90.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page120">[pg 120]</span><a name="Pg120" id="Pg120" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spiritualism is claimed to settle the question of
+immortality; but the spirits confess themselves
+ignorant of it:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—On your plane do you arrive at
+certainty in regard to immortality?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—We here are as </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">ignorant as you are</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">
+as to the ultimate of existence. Immortality is still an </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">undetermined issue</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">.
+One life at a time seems as pertinent with us as with
+you.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Id., p. 103.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The spirits' heaven, it seems, is not so desirable
+a place that it prevents their being homesick.
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Why are you homesick?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Have not found out the real reason; things are
+so different from former ideas.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Id., p. 111.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spirits are not allowed to tell too much about
+their condition, as the following question and answer
+show:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Can't you tell us what makes
+it pleasanter,—describe so we can understand?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—You'll find out as I did—</span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">'gainst
+the rules here to tell</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">.... Just be patient—it's all easy enough when you
+learn how. I was puzzled, but it all seems straight enough
+now.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Id., p. 115.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+They teach the pre-existence of souls, and the
+old pagan doctrines of the reincarnation of souls,
+and the final absorption of all into Nirvana. A
+spirit having answered that all had been asserted in
+some other form, questions and answers followed
+from which we quote:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Is that statement an intimation of the
+truth of reincarnation?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Souls of all who have preceded you are centered
+in you in spite of your childish protests. Ask not of those
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page121">[pg 121]</span><a name="Pg121" id="Pg121" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+predecessors; for they yet live in you, and you in them....
+Long ago you and I went over the ground under eminent
+names.... Were not we together when Socrates and
+Aspasia talked?</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Id., pp. 151, 152.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Can you tell us, at least, whether
+spirit, as a whole or in its individual atoms, exists eternally?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Yes; spirit as a whole is
+eternal—exists—did exist—by force of Powers you cannot understand.
+But you as individual, self-conscious, atomistic particles of spirit
+wholeness, are not eternal, and must return to the Primal
+Source.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Id., p. 133.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
+<a name="toc23" id="toc23"></a>
+<h2 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Spirits Cannot Be Identified.</span></h2>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Having now sufficiently examined the teaching of
+the spirits, a final question arises in regard to them,
+whether it is possible to identify them, and determine
+with any absolute certainty whether they are
+the spirits of the particular individuals they claim to
+be, or even spirits of the dead at all, or not. It
+should be distinctly borne in mind, always, that evil
+angels, whose existence has been proved from the
+Bible, whose nature and delight is to deceive, can
+walk the earth unseen, imitate and personate any individual,
+and reveal their characteristics of thought,
+writing, acts, form, and features, and make so perfect
+a counterfeit as to defy detection. How, then, can
+it be told what spirit it is, even though it shows the
+face and features of some well-known friend? On
+this topic, as on preceding questions, Spiritualists
+themselves may produce the evidence. President
+Mahan (<span class="tei tei-q">“Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen,”</span> p. 13)
+remarks:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Certain experiments have been made, in order to determine
+whether spirits are present. Individuals go in as
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page122">[pg 122]</span><a name="Pg122" id="Pg122" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+inquirers, and get definite answers—in the first place, from
+</span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">departed spirits</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> of persons </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">yet living</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">; in the second place,
+from departed spirits of persons who </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">never existed</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> here or anywhere
+else; in the third place, from the departed spirits of brute
+beasts.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+When it is considered, as already noted, that
+spirits do their work through mesmeric power, it is
+easy to understand how the medium is made to believe
+that such and such a spirit is communicating
+when it is not so at all. This question of identity
+came up in the very early stages of Spiritualism, and
+is no nearer settled, on their own confession, now
+than then. A Mr. Hobart, in 1856, who claimed to
+be the first Spiritualist in Michigan, made the following
+admission:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The spirit sometimes </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">assumes</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> the name of an individual
+belonging to the same church, to induce them to hear. This
+is necessary with some who are so bigoted they would not
+believe unless a name was assumed which they respected.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+An article in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Spiritual Telegraph</span></span>, of July 11,
+1857, begins as follows:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The question is continually being asked, especially by
+novitiates in spiritual investigations, How shall we know
+that the spirits who communicate with us are really the ones
+whom they purport to be?... In giving the results of our
+own experience and observation upon this subject, we would
+premise that spirits unquestionably can, and often do, personate
+other spirits, and that, too, often with such perfection
+as, for the time being, to defy every effort to detect
+the deception.... If direct tests are demanded at all, we
+would recommend that they be asked for the purpose of
+proving that the manifesting influence is that of </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">a spirit</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">,
+rather than to prove what </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">particular</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> spirit is the agent of its
+production.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page123">[pg 123]</span><a name="Pg123" id="Pg123" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+This is an entire begging of the whole matter in
+question; for it is not denied that it is <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">a</span></em> spirit; we
+want to know what <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">particular</span></em> spirit it is; but for
+that we must not ask; for it cannot be ascertained.
+The same article states that other and lower spirits
+often crowd in and take the place of the spirit communicating,
+without the knowledge of the medium.
+We might also quote <span class="tei tei-q">“Spiritualism as It Is,”</span> p. 14,
+that <span class="tei tei-q">“not one per cent. of the manifestations have
+had a higher origin than the first and second spheres,
+which are filled with low, ignorant, deceptive, mischievous,
+selfish, egotistical spirits;”</span> and <span class="tei tei-q">“Dealings
+with the Dead,”</span> p. 225, that <span class="tei tei-q">“the fact is, good
+spirits do not appear one tenth as often as imagined.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Jan. 7, 1888, the following appeared in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner
+of Light</span></span>:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—What is the cause of our receiving
+inconsistent and untruthful communications? Does the blame, if any
+there is, rest with us or the controlling intelligence?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—There are spirits who delight in imposing upon
+mortals; they realize their power outside of material things,
+and that those who seek knowledge from them </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">cannot see nor
+get hold of them</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">; therefore to an extent they exercise a certain
+power over those mortals who approach; and if the mortals
+are themselves tricky by nature, insincere, ready to take advantage
+of others, whether it be at the time of sitting or in
+their daily life, rest assured they may be imposed upon by
+spirits from the other side who occupy a like plane of existence
+with themselves.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mediums themselves will not trust the spirits,
+according to statements made as late as 1896.
+Mrs. S. A. Underwood, medium, in <span class="tei tei-q">“Automatic
+Writing,”</span> p. 55, says:—
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page124">[pg 124]</span><a name="Pg124" id="Pg124" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">With all my experience in it, I would not to-day venture
+upon any change, business venture, friendship, or line of conduct,
+advised from this source, unless my own common material
+sense endorsed it. Indeed, I would not take as fact any
+of its even reasonable advice without question, because it is
+not reliable as a guide in earthly affairs.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spirit communication, then, certainly does not
+amount to much as a heavenly instructor, a celestial
+guide to enlighten the ignorance of men. Whatever
+we know ourselves, we may rely upon; all else is
+uncertain. Again, on p. 56, she says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Then the assumption of great names by apparently
+common-place minds is a very strange thing. I was horrified
+and annoyed when this occurred under my own hand, because
+that is one of the things which disgusted me with spiritual
+messages before this writing came to me, as I had occasionally
+glanced over such messages. When I protested against
+such assumption, I was told that </span><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Elaine and Guinevere</span><span style="font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">
+were not real beings, but types. So somewhere in our sphere
+are spirits who embody cleverness in creations of their own
+fancy, and adopt names suited to that fancy.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Thus the spirits themselves confess that the names
+they often assume are not those of real beings, but
+typical and fanciful. Nothing more, it would seem,
+is necessary to complete the condemnation of Spiritualism,
+so far as its own nature is concerned. When
+in addition to all else, it appears that the spirits cannot
+be identified; that the whole underlying claim
+that the spirits are the spirits of the dead, must itself
+be assumed; and that, too, in the face of the numberless
+known falsehoods and deceptions that are constantly
+issuing from the unseen realm,—there is
+nothing left for it to stand upon.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page125">[pg 125]</span><a name="Pg125" id="Pg125" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<hr class="page" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc24" id="toc24"></a>
+<a name="pdf25" id="pdf25"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Chapter Six.</span></h1>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Its Promises: How Fulfilled.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It is fair to call Spiritualism to account as to the
+fulfilment of the promises involved in its challenge
+to the world when it stepped upon the stage of
+action. No movement ever opened with more magnificent
+promises. It posed before the world as an
+angel of heavenly light. It claimed to be the second
+coming of Christ. It claimed to have been sent to
+regenerate mankind, and renovate the world. We
+give herewith a few of its spirit-inspired pretensions.
+Its <span class="tei tei-q">“Declaration of Principles,”</span> Article 20, says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The hearty and intelligent convictions of these truths
+[the teachings of spirits] tend to energize the soul in all that
+is good and elevating, and to restrain from all that is evil and
+impure, ... to quicken all philanthropic impulses, stimulating
+to enlightened and unselfish labors for universal good.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In behalf of the cause of woman it says:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Spiritualism has done more for the advancement of true
+womanhood than the Church or any of its accessories.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Dr.
+Watson, in Banner of Light, April 16, 1887.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Miss A. L. Lull, in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Religio-Philosophical
+Journal</span></span> of Jan. 23, 1886, said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Spiritualism is the saviour of humanity, because it
+is reaching out toward the criminal, and in its effort to lift
+</span><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page126">[pg 126]</span><a name="Pg126" id="Pg126" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">
+humanity to a higher plane, it is laying the foundation for
+future generations.... Spiritualism comes to cleanse out
+the dregs and wretchedness of humanity.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mrs. Cora L. V. Richmond, in a mediumistic discourse
+reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>, April 3,
+1886, said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The Great Reformer of the world is Spiritualism....
+When modern Spiritualism made its appearance, it said in
+so many words, I come to reform the world.... Spiritualism
+came to put the ax at the root of the tree of human
+evil, it came to decide upon the most important and vital
+thing connected with existence; </span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">i. e.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, Is man only an evanescent,
+material, earthly being, or is he immortal?... Spiritualism
+came to reform death, to resolve it into life; came to
+reform fear, to resolve it into trust and knowledge; came to
+reform the darkness which rests upon humanity concerning
+the nature of man's existence.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In the same paper, April 6, 1887, was given the
+following prediction of the future of Spiritualism:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Modern Spiritualism will grow, and deepen, and broaden,
+and strengthen, until all false creeds and dogmas shall be
+swept from the earth—when faith shall be buried in knowledge,
+when war shall be known no more, when universal
+brotherhood shall prevail to bless mankind.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+In <span class="tei tei-q">“Nineteenth Century Miracles,”</span> p. 79, M.
+Jaubert speaks as follows:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Affirm to your people that man never dies, that his
+immortality is proved, not by books but by material and
+tangible facts, of which every one can convince himself; that
+anon our houses of correction, and our prisons, will disappear;
+suicide will be erased from our mortuary tables; and nobly
+borne, the calamities of earth shall no longer produce madness.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page127">[pg 127]</span><a name="Pg127" id="Pg127" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mrs. R. S. Lillie, in a speech at the Thirty-eighth
+Anniversary services in Horticultural Hall, Boston,
+Mass., and reported in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>, of
+April, 1886, said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Christianity never had a Pentecost to be compared with
+modern Spiritualism. The latter is as far in advance of the
+former, as the electric light is in advance of the tallow dip of
+the past; for it is nineteen centuries ahead of it.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+These are most astounding claims; and if there
+is any truth in them, Spiritualism ought to have
+shown itself as a great uplifting moral power, provided
+it has been able to get any foothold among the
+people. We therefore inquire what its success has
+been. On this point Professor Keck, at the Thirty-ninth
+Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, at
+Bridgeport, Conn. (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>, April 9,
+1887), said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">It [Spiritualism] has made converts of more scientific
+men and profound thinkers than any other sect in the world.
+In thirty-nine years it has grown to ten or fifteen millions of
+believers, with thousands of mediums, a literature printed in
+every known language, and converts in every quarter of the
+globe.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+With all these facilities and all this success, it
+surely has been able to make good its claims, and
+fulfil its promises, if its nature is such as it assumes,
+and its promises are good for anything; and its
+course should be marked by a great decrease of
+crime, by the promotion of virtue and a general
+improvement in the moral tone of society, wherever
+it has gone. For nearly fifty years it has now been
+operating in the world; and with all its glowing
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page128">[pg 128]</span><a name="Pg128" id="Pg128" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+professions of what it was able to do, and its millions
+of converts, <span class="tei tei-q">“energized to all that is good and elevating,”</span>
+its impress for good should everywhere be seen.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+But what are the facts?—Just the reverse of
+what has been promised. Free love, which is free
+lust, has followed in its wake; homes have been
+ruined, families scattered, characters blighted; while
+insanity and suicide have been the fate, or the last
+resort, of too many of its victims. And outside of
+its own ranks, in the world at large, the fifty years
+since the advent of Spiritualism have been years of
+increase of crime and every evil in a fast growing
+ratio. Liquor drinking, tobacco using, gambling,
+prostitution, defalcations, robberies, bribery, municipal
+corruption, divorces, thefts, insanity, suicide,
+and murder, have increased in far more rapid ratio
+than the population itself.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The reader will remember the testimony of Dr.
+Randolph, p. 105, that five of his friends destroyed
+themselves, and he attempted it for himself, by direct
+spirit influences. The Philadelphia <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Record</span></span>, of Feb.
+17, 1894, speaks of the suicide of May Brooklyn in
+San Francisco, Cal.:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The letters and papers left by the dead woman show
+plainly that in her grief over the death of Lovecraft she had
+dabbled in Spiritualism, and had finally reached the conclusion
+that her only chance of happiness lay in joining her
+lover in the other world.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A few figures, as samples, will be given just to
+emphasize the general statements. The following is
+from the Chicago <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Tribune</span></span> of Jan. 1, 1893:—
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page129">[pg 129]</span><a name="Pg129" id="Pg129" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The number of persons who have committed suicide in
+the United States during the year (1892), as gathered from
+telegraph and mail report to the </span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Tribune</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, is 3860, as compared
+with 3331 last year (1891), 2640 in 1890, and 2224 in
+1889. The total is much larger than that of any of the
+eleven preceding years.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Christian Reformer</span></span> gives the following
+figures of murders, suicides, and embezzlements
+from 1891-1893:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Murders in 1893, 6615; increase over 1891 of 709.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Suicides in 1893, 4436; increase over 1892, 576; 1891, 1105.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Funds embezzled in 1893, $19,929,692; increase of 100
+per cent. over 1892.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It may be asked, What has this to do with Spiritualism?—It
+is a test of the value of its promises.
+Spiritualism has been posing for fifty years as the
+<span class="tei tei-q">“world's reformer,”</span> the great energizing, uplifting
+force to elevate mankind, the mighty power
+which has come to empty our workhouses and
+prisons, abolish suicides and all crime, the <span class="tei tei-q">“electric
+light”</span> compared with the <span class="tei tei-q">“tallow dip”</span> of the
+gospel. And yet with all these claims, with its
+millions of adherents, and the funds and influence at
+its command, it is allowing, year by year, crime to
+increase much faster than the population. Now if
+Spiritualism was the purifying, renovating power
+which it claims to be, such results could not have
+been seen. It is very evident, that, as a power in
+the world in behalf of righteousness and humanity,
+it has been of no account; and as between the forces
+of good and evil, its weight has been on the side of
+evil instead of good. It is thus that the author of
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page130">[pg 130]</span><a name="Pg130" id="Pg130" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+Spiritualism, the father of deception, fulfils the
+promises made through that channel to deceive
+mankind. What organized, aggressive efforts against
+evil has Spiritualism ever shown? Where are its
+schools and colleges? Where are its hospitals and
+benevolent institutions? Where are its organized
+charities? and what are its millions of members
+doing to relieve suffering and distress, and turn men
+to better ways of living? The very aspect it presents
+to the world to-day, stamps the brand of Cain
+upon its brow. The Boston <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Herald</span></span> of Dec. 17,
+1874, said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Let Spiritualism produce some idea, utter some word,
+or perform some deed, which will have novelty, and yet be of
+manifest value to the human race, and it will make good its
+claims to our serious consideration. But it has not done this.
+For nearly thirty years it has been before the world in its
+present shape, and in all that time, with all its asserted command
+of earthly and superterrestrial knowledge, it has never
+done an act, or breathed a syllable, or supplied an idea which
+had any value as a contribution to the welfare of the race, or
+to its stock of knowledge. Its messages from learned men
+who are dead, have been the silliest bosh; its stories about
+life upon the planets are wretched guesses, many of which
+can be proved false by the astronomer; its visions have
+frightened scores of people into madhouses, and made semi-lunatics
+of hundreds of others.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+If this charge was good as late as 1874, it is
+equally so at the present time. And thus are we
+forced to the conclusion that Spiritualism, judged by
+the light of its fair promises, is one of the most
+lamentable of delusions, and most stupendous of
+failures.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page131">[pg 131]</span><a name="Pg131" id="Pg131" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<hr class="page" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc26" id="toc26"></a>
+<a name="pdf27" id="pdf27"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"><span style="font-size: 144%">Chapter Seven.</span></h1>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Spiritualism A Subject Of Prophecy.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+We come now to one of the most timely and
+important features of this whole subject; for
+God in his word has foretold and forewarned the
+world of the movement here passing under review.
+He has made known the time when it should appear,
+the character it would bear, and the work it is to do.
+He has also connected this with the great event of
+all-overshadowing importance to this world, of which
+it is a startling sign and sure precursor; namely,
+the second coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. We
+ask the special attention of the reader to this part of
+the subject.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A word of digression may be allowed as to the
+place which prophecy holds in the word of God.
+Prophecy is that feature of the sacred volume which
+constitutes it a lamp to our feet and a light to our
+path. Ps. 119:105; 2 Peter 1:19. It is that
+which enables that word to be a guide to the hosts
+of Israel through the weary journey and the gloomy
+shades of time, giving to every era its <span class="tei tei-q">“present
+truth,”</span> and showing the progress of the slow-revolving
+ages toward the great consummation. It
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page132">[pg 132]</span><a name="Pg132" id="Pg132" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+is the golden credential which the Bible holds up to
+the world of its genuineness and authenticity.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Prophecy is peculiar to the Christian Scriptures.
+No other so-called sacred books contain this feature.
+It is not found in the Vedas, Shasters, or Puranas of
+the Hindus, nor the Zend Avestas of the Parsees,
+nor the Kojiki Nohonki, of the Shintos of Japan,
+nor the law books of Manu, nor the Koran of the
+Mohammedans, nor the Kan-Ying-Peen or Tao-Te-King
+of the Chinese, nor the Tripitakas of the
+Buddhists. The reason is obvious. Neither the
+minds of men nor of angels, either good or bad, can
+read the future. Divine omniscience alone can see
+the end from the beginning and foretell the great
+events that shall mark the history of the world, and
+affect the interests of the church. It is this that
+stamps the Bible as divine, and lifts it immeasurably
+above all other books. It is indeed passing strange
+that all cannot see this. Instead of being a book
+that grows obsolete and out of date with the passing
+years, like the productions of men, it is the only
+book ever seen upon the earth which is ever abreast
+of the times in every age, and lifts the veil of the
+future before him who honestly and reverently seeks
+its pages for a knowledge of the truth. Those
+who ignore or despise the prophecies, rob the Bible
+of one of the brightest stars in its crown of
+glory.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+To be entitled to claim credit as divine, any
+book or system should be able to show that it can
+correctly foretell the future. The spirits see this,
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page133">[pg 133]</span><a name="Pg133" id="Pg133" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+and, knowing that they cannot do it, discountenance
+and discourage all such efforts. Here is a little of
+their teaching on the subject:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ques.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Why are so many predictions made through
+mediums, which prove false?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ans.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Wonderful </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">guesses</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">
+are sometimes made by daring spirits.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Can you tell us anything of the future?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Pharos says you must not ask questions
+of the future—spirits who </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">prophesy</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> are </span><em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">not
+good</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%"> spirits.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Q.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Do you mean that it is not best for us to
+know the future?</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">A.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—Souls on your plane are undergoing discipline, and
+it would cost more than it is worth to foretell the future of
+your state.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Automatic Writing,</span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic"> pp. 141, 142.</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spiritualists rail at God for prohibiting from Adam
+and Eve, in the garden, the tree of the knowledge
+of good and evil, to keep them in ignorance. What
+will they say to these spirits who coolly answer that
+<span class="tei tei-q">“it would cost more than it is worth”</span> to give them
+any knowledge of future events? This, perhaps,
+they will consider all right because it isn't God who
+says it.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+1. Let us then see what God has said of the time
+and work and significance of Spiritualism. Over
+seven hundred years before Christ, the prophet
+Isaiah wrote of our time, as follows: <span class="tei tei-q">“And when
+they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have
+familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep and that
+mutter, should not a people seek unto their God?
+for the living to the dead? To the law and to the
+testimony; if they speak not according to this word,
+it is because there is no light in them.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page134">[pg 134]</span><a name="Pg134" id="Pg134" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Here is certainly a prophecy that a time would
+come when just such a work as Spiritualism is now doing
+would be a distinguishing feature of the age. The
+present must be the time referred to, because it has
+never been so in any past age; and the present meets
+the specifications in every particular. It shows that
+the only safety for any one now is to seek unto his
+God, and make the law and the testimony, the word
+of God, the great standard by which to try all spirits.
+1 John 4:1. And another great event is directly
+connected with this, that is, the second coming of
+Christ; for according to verses 16-18, the disciples
+are then looking for him.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+2. Matt. 24:24: <span class="tei tei-q">“For there shall arise false
+Christs, and false prophets, and shall show great
+signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible,
+they shall deceive the very elect.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+A deception of no ordinary power is here brought
+to view. It really results in the division of Christendom;
+for all but the elect are carried away by it.
+In its own claims, Spiritualism fulfils the <span class="tei tei-q">“Christs”</span>
+and <span class="tei tei-q">“prophets”</span> part of the declaration, claiming of
+course to be true, while the Bible says it is <span class="tei tei-q">“false.”</span>
+The signs and wonders are beginning to be seen
+in the many <span class="tei tei-q">“inexplicable”</span> phenomena attending
+Spiritualism. But many more startling exhibitions,
+as will be presently shown, are yet to appear. We
+charge upon Spiritualism, so far, the fulfilment of
+this prophecy. But mark! this occurs when the
+Son of man is about to appear <span class="tei tei-q">“as the lightning
+cometh out of the east, and shineth even unto the
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page135">[pg 135]</span><a name="Pg135" id="Pg135" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+west”</span> (verse 27); and it is one of the prominent
+signs of that event. See the prophecy from verse
+23 to verse 35. Mark and Luke also dwell upon the
+same prediction, as gathered from the lips of our
+Lord himself.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+3. Heb. 10:28, 29: <span class="tei tei-q">“He that despised Moses'
+law died without mercy under two or three witnesses.
+Of how much sorer punishment, suppose
+ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden
+under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the
+blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified,
+an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the
+Spirit of grace?”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+It is the bold stand which Spiritualism has taken
+against Christ and the atonement, that makes this
+scripture applicable to that work. The apostle is
+speaking of the times when the great <span class="tei tei-q">“day is approaching”</span>
+(verse 25); when it is but a little while,
+and he that shall come, will come and will not tarry
+(verse 37), and the introduction of verse 29, in such
+a connection, becomes a prophecy that such an outbreak
+against Christ and his atoning work would be
+seen when he is about to come again. And the fulfilment
+we are now beholding in Spiritualism.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+4. Rev. 12:12: <span class="tei tei-q">“Woe to the inhabiters of the
+earth and of the sea! for the devil is come down
+unto you, having great wrath, because he knoweth
+that he hath but a short time.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+This scripture locates itself. It is when Satan
+knows that he has but a little time to work, and
+hence it must be in the last days. At this time he
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page136">[pg 136]</span><a name="Pg136" id="Pg136" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+descends upon the world in an avalanche of wrath.
+<span class="tei tei-q">“Wrath”</span> is a misleading term. The words θυμόν μέγαν
+signify the strongest and most intense emotion of the
+mind. If the object is to accomplish some particular
+end, they would indicate the most intense, concentrated,
+energetic, and persistent efforts to that purpose,
+using every means, and bringing to bear every
+influence to reach the result in question. Satan, as
+we have seen, has an object in deceiving the human
+family, as far as possible, to their destruction, by
+signs and wonders. In this work, according to the
+prophecy before us, he will go to the extent of his
+power, and show his most potent signs. Bringing
+the supposed forms and features of the dead before
+living witnesses, is his most successful method at the
+present time. But as this work is, as yet, done
+largely in the dark, it gives more room for jugglery
+and imposition. The time will come, however, when,
+in open light, counterfeit materializations of the dead
+will swarm on earth, and deceive, if it were possible,
+the very elect—<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">i.e.</span></span>, all who cannot meet the
+deception with the potent weapon—<span class="tei tei-q">“It is written,
+The dead know not anything, neither have they any
+more a portion forever [in the present state of things]
+in anything that is done under the sun.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+5. Rev. 13:13, 14: <span class="tei tei-q">“And he doeth great wonders,
+so that he maketh fire come down from heaven
+on the earth in the sight of men, and deceiveth
+them that dwell on the earth by the means of those
+miracles which he had power to do.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+This prophecy relates to some earthly government
+represented by a symbol with two horns like a lamb.
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page137">[pg 137]</span><a name="Pg137" id="Pg137" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+Verse 11. It is part of a prophecy beginning with
+chapter twelve, and ending with verse 5 of chapter
+fourteen. It is not the place here to introduce an
+exposition of this prophecy. It is only necessary to
+state that the position taken is that the lamblike
+symbol represents our own government, the United
+States of America.<a id="noteref_4" name="noteref_4" href="#note_4"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style="font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">4</span></span></a>
+And the great wonders that he
+does, apply to the marvelous manifestations of Spiritualism.
+It is a significant fact that Spiritualism
+arose in this country, thus fitting itself exactly to the
+prophecy. The climax of the wonders brought to
+view in the text, making <span class="tei tei-q">“fire come down from
+heaven on the earth in the sight of men,”</span> has not
+yet been reached. More is therefore to be developed.
+Yea, this wonder-working power is to go forward
+till that which, in the time of Elijah, was
+the test between the false god Baal and the Lord
+Jehovah, is brought to pass, and fire is made to come
+down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men.
+And the sad feature of this case will be that the multitudes,
+not perceiving the change of issue, will take
+the act down here to be a test of truth, as it was in
+the days of Elijah.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Taken in connection with other portions of the
+book of Revelation, this prophecy reveals clearly
+what the agency that works the miracles is. The
+dragon, representing paganism (Rev. 12:3, 4); the
+beast, representing the papacy (Rev. 13:1-10); and
+the lamblike symbol, representing Protestantism,
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page138">[pg 138]</span><a name="Pg138" id="Pg138" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+or more specifically, Protestant America (Rev.
+13:11-17), constitute the symbols of this prophecy.
+For convenience, let us designate them as <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">A</span></span>,
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">B</span></span>, and <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">C</span></span>;
+respectively. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">C</span></span> works his miracles in sight of
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">B</span></span>; <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">B</span></span> and <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">C</span></span>
+are again brought to view in Rev. 19:20, and there <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">C</span></span> is
+called <span class="tei tei-q">“the false prophet.”</span> We know
+the false prophet here is the same as <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">C</span></span>, because he
+works miracles before <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">B</span></span>, the same as <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">C</span></span>
+does in chapter 13:14. All together, <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">A</span></span>,
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">B</span></span>, and <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">C</span></span> are brought to view
+in Rev. 16:13, and unclean spirits like frogs are
+said to come out of their mouths; and then verse 14
+tells what they are: <span class="tei tei-q">“For they are spirits of devils,
+working miracles.”</span> This, then, not the spirits of
+dead men, is the agency that works the miracles of
+chapter 13:13, 14. We follow the subject so far,
+at this point, merely to identify the agency that
+works the miracles, and shall have more to say upon
+it. But before passing, we would remind the reader
+that here also the subject is connected with the second
+coming of Christ; for the prophecy of Revelation
+13 ends with the redemption of the church
+which immediately follows. Rev. 14:1-5.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+6. 2 Thess. 2:9-12: <span class="tei tei-q">“Even him, whose coming
+is after the working of Satan, with all power and
+signs and lying wonders, and with all deceivableness
+of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they
+received not the love of the truth, that they might
+be saved. And for this cause God shall send them
+strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: that
+they all might be damned who believed not the truth,
+but had pleasure in unrighteousness.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page139">[pg 139]</span><a name="Pg139" id="Pg139" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Here, again, we have the great fact brought out
+with still more startling emphasis, that there is to be
+a great outbreaking of Satanic power among men,
+just before and up to, the coming of Christ. And
+if we already see the preliminary and even far-advanced
+working of this power in Spiritualism, the
+world should stand aghast at the perils of the times
+in which we live. The coming of Christ is brought
+to view in verse 8, and verse 9 states that at that
+time Satan will be working with all power. The
+common version is calculated to obscure this passage.
+The words <span class="tei tei-q">“even him”</span> (verse 9) are wrongly and
+unnecessarily supplied. Literally rendered, the last
+clause of verse 8, and the first of verse 9 would read
+as follows: <span class="tei tei-q">“Whom the Lord ... shall destroy
+with the brightness of his [Christ's] coming; of
+whom [Christ] the coming is, after [or at the time
+of] the working of Satan,”</span> etc. The word <span class="tei tei-q">“after”</span>
+is from, the Greek κατα (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">kata</span></span>), which when referring
+to time, as in this case, does not mean <span class="tei tei-q">“after or
+according to,”</span> but <span class="tei tei-q">“within the range of, during, in
+the course of, at, about,”</span> as in 2 Tim. 4:1, where
+it is rendered <span class="tei tei-q">“at.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+So here is a plain declaration that at the very
+time when Christ comes Satan will be working in
+the hight of his power, by signs and lying wonders
+(wonders to prove a lie) to keep the people under falsehood
+and deception. Verses 10-12 tell who his victims
+are, and why they become such: they are those
+who preferred the pleasures of sin to the practice of
+righteousness, and so would not receive the truth,
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page140">[pg 140]</span><a name="Pg140" id="Pg140" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+nor the love of it. In all such cases God's throne is
+clear. He always, as in this case, sets truth first
+before the people, gives them a chance, and calls
+upon them to embrace it, and be saved. But when
+men, as free moral agents, whom God will not force
+into his kingdom, refuse to receive the truth, shut
+their eyes, close their ears, and steel their hearts
+against it, and find their pleasure in unrighteousness,
+in going in just the opposite direction;—what can
+God do for them? We leave the skeptic himself to
+answer. For more years than Spiritualism, in its
+present phase, has been before the world, several
+religious bodies have made a specialty of the great
+Bible truth concerning the state of the dead, and
+life only in Christ, which effectually shields all those
+who receive it against the rapping delusion.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+7. Rev. 18:2: <span class="tei tei-q">“And he cried mightily with a
+strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is
+fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and
+the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every
+unclean and hateful bird.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Among the many predictions given in the word
+of God touching the last days, is one which foretokens
+a wide-spread and lamentable declension in
+the religious world. The phrase which embodies it,
+is the one just quoted, <span class="tei tei-q">“Babylon is fallen.”</span> The
+term <span class="tei tei-q">“Babylon”</span> is not intended nor used as a term
+of reproach, but rather as a descriptive word setting
+forth the very undesirable condition of <span class="tei tei-q">“mixture”</span>
+and <span class="tei tei-q">“confusion”</span> in the religious world. It is certainly
+not the Lord's will, who prayed that all his
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page141">[pg 141]</span><a name="Pg141" id="Pg141" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+people should be one, that scores or hundreds of
+divisions and sects should exist within his church.
+That is owing, exclaims the Catholic, to the Protestant
+rule of private judgment. It is not. It is
+owing to that Pandora's box of mystical interpretation
+placed in the church by old Origen, that prince
+of mischief-makers. By this method, which has
+no method and no standard, the interpretations of
+God's word will ever be as various and numerous
+as the whims and fancies that may find a place in
+the minds of men.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+But all this confusion must be remedied in that
+church which will be ready for the second advent;
+for no people will be prepared for translation but
+such as worship the Lord in both <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">spirit</span></em> and <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">truth</span></em>.
+To bring the church to this point, a call has been
+sent to Christendom in the special truths for this
+time. Most turn away, but some are taking the
+stand to which these circumstances summon them.
+The process is simple. It is but to read and obey
+God's word in the light of what is called the literal
+rule of interpretation. No other rule would ever
+have been thought of, if the Devil had let the
+minds of men alone. By this rule the true Sabbath
+would always have been maintained a perfect safeguard
+against idolatry in the earth; the law would
+have held its place as a perfect, immutable, and
+eternal rule of conduct, a safeguard against the
+antinomianism of all ages and the Spiritualism of
+to-day; the view that the dead remain unconscious in
+the grave till the resurrection, would always have
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page142">[pg 142]</span><a name="Pg142" id="Pg142" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+been held, and then there could have been no purgatory,
+no masses for the dead, no Mariolatry, no
+saint worship—in short, no Roman Catholicism, and
+no Universalism, nor Spiritualism; the true nature of
+the coming and kingdom of Christ would not have
+been lost sight of, and the peace and safety fable of
+a temporal millennium never could have existed.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+To say nothing of other errors that would be corrected,
+suppose all Christendom stood together on
+these four simple truths, how much division could
+there have been in the Christian world? A second
+denomination could not have existed. And what
+would have been the condition of things?—As
+different from the present condition as one can well
+imagine—no paganism, no Roman Catholicism, no
+Protestantism, no multiplied sects, no Spiritualism,—but
+Christianity, broad, united, free, and glorious.
+Some are taking their stand on these truths, and
+so will be shielded from the delusions of these last
+days, for which the way, by ages of superstition and
+error, has been so artfully prepared. Every one
+must stand upon them who is governed by the literal
+rule of interpretation; for they are read in so many
+words out of the sacred volume itself. But the
+churches generally reject them, often with bitterness,
+scorn, and contempt, and some even with persecution.
+And this is why Babylon has fallen.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+That organization, called in Rev. 17:5: <span class="tei tei-q">“Mystery,
+Babylon the Great, the Mother of Harlots and
+Abominations of the Earth,”</span> has been very generally
+applied by Protestants to the Roman Catholic
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page143">[pg 143]</span><a name="Pg143" id="Pg143" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+Church; but if that church is the mother, who are
+the daughters? This question has been asked for
+many years. Alexander Campbell said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">The worshiping establishments now in operation
+throughout Christendom, incased and cemented by their
+voluminous confessions of faith, and their ecclesiastical constitutions,
+are not churches of Jesus Christ, but the legitimate
+daughters of that mother of harlots—the Church of
+Rome.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Lorenzo Dow said:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">We read not only of Babylon, but of the whore of
+Babylon, styled the mother of harlots, which is supposed to
+mean the Romish church. If she be a mother, who are her
+daughters? It must be the corrupt national established
+churches that came out of her.</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span>
+</div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The great sin charged against Babylon, is unlawful
+connection with the kings of the earth. The
+church should be entirely free from the state. But
+now the churches of America, which have for long
+years borne so noble a part, are clamoring for a
+union with the state, calling for a recognition of
+God's name in the Constitution, and God's law in
+the courts, and that the government be run on
+Christian lines. Old, antiquated laws which they
+find upon the statute books of various States, they
+are beginning to use to persecute those who differ in
+belief with them; and they seek for the enactment
+of more stringent Sunday laws for the same purpose.
+And when they shall succeed in getting full control
+of the state, they will have severed the last link
+that has held them to their high estate, show
+themselves true members of the Babylonian family,
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page144">[pg 144]</span><a name="Pg144" id="Pg144" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+and sink in spirit and practice to the level of the
+elder Rome.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Rev. 14:8 was fulfilled in 1844.<a id="noteref_5" name="noteref_5" href="#note_5"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style="font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">5</span></span></a> Since then
+the churches have been going down in spirituality
+and godliness, catering more and more to the world,
+indulging in carnal amusements, festivals, wife auctions,
+and kissing bees, to the very border line of
+decency, but especially filling up with the influences
+mentioned in Rev. 18:2, till the leaven of Spiritualism
+is fast penetrating the whole mass. Yet there
+are a multitude of God's people connected with these
+churches, who deplore the situation, and for whom
+a crisis is approaching. The cry is again to be
+raised, <span class="tei tei-q">“Babylon is fallen, come out of her my
+people.”</span> We verily believe the time has come
+when that call should be made and heeded; for a
+little further progress in the evil path upon which
+we have entered, will surely provoke the just judgments
+of heaven. Verses 4, 5.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+8. 2 Tim. 3:8: <span class="tei tei-q">“Now as Jannes and Jambres
+withstood Moses, so do these also resist the truth:
+men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the
+faith.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The first five verses of this chapter portray a dark
+list of eighteen sins which will characterize professed
+Christians in the last days; for those who bear the
+characters described, have a <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">form of godliness</span></em>, but
+deny the power thereof. The three following verses
+plainly describe certain members of the spiritualistic
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page145">[pg 145]</span><a name="Pg145" id="Pg145" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+fraternity; and they are said to be of the same sort.
+This prophecy therefore becomes parallel to that
+which has just been examined. The fall of Babylon
+prepares the popular churches for Spiritualism. Here
+the practice of these sins in the churches, makes
+them of the same sort with Spiritualists, so that they
+fraternize well together. Jannes and Jambres withstood
+Moses by the wonders they were able to
+perform; so these will resist the truth through the
+wonders of Spiritualism. And this is in the last
+days where we now are. So Babylon's fall just
+precedes the coming of Christ.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+9. Rev. 16:14: <span class="tei tei-q">“For they are the spirits of
+devils, working miracles, which go forth unto the
+kings of the earth and of the whole world, to
+gather them to the battle of that great day of
+God Almighty.”</span>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The work of the spirits reaches its climax in the
+scene here brought to view. Their last mission is
+to go to the kings of the earth to gather them to
+the battle of that great day of God Almighty. In
+this conflict, so far as this earth is concerned, the
+great controversy between Christ and Satan closes
+in the triumph of Him who rides forth on a white
+horse at the head of the white-horsed armies of
+heaven. The beast and false prophet are hurled
+into a lake of fire, and the remnant, the kings of
+the earth and their armies, are slain by the sword
+of him upon whose vesture is inscribed the all-conquering
+title, <span class="tei tei-q">“King of kings and Lord of
+lords.”</span> Rev. 19:11-21.
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page146">[pg 146]</span><a name="Pg146" id="Pg146" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+But before these spirits can thus influence the
+kings of the earth, they must make their way to
+them and bring them under their control. They
+have already shown great facility in this work, giving
+promise of what they will be able to do in the
+near future. A work by Hudson Tuttle, <span class="tei tei-q">“What Is
+Spiritualism?”</span> p. 6, names the following among the
+late and living crowned heads, nobility, etc., who
+have been supporters of Spiritualism:—
+</p>
+
+<div class="block tei tei-quote" style="margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
+<span class="tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Emperor Alexander, of Russia; Louis Napoleon, of
+France; Queen Victoria, of England; Prince and Princess
+Metternich; Prince Wittgenstein, Lieutenant Aide-de-camp
+to the emperor of Russia; Hon. Alexander Axahof, Russian
+Imperial Councilor, St. Petersburg, Russia; Baron Guldenstuble,
+of Paris; Baron Von Schick, of Austria; Baron Von
+Dirkinck, of Holmfield, Holstein; Le Comte de Bullet, of
+Paris; Duke of Leuchtenberg, of Germany. Of England
+there are Lord Lyndhurst, Lord Lindsay, Lord Adare, Lord
+Dunraven, Sir W. Trevilyan, Countess Carthness, Sir T. Willshire,
+Lady Cowper, Sir Charles Napier, Sir Charles Isham,
+Bart., Colonel E. B. Wilbraham, of the English army,</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%"> etc.
+</span></div>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The late Alexander III, of Russia, and the queen
+of Spain are also reckoned among the number.
+Thus, so far as the agency of the spirits is concerned,
+there is nothing in the way of the speedy
+fulfilment of Rev. 16:14.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc28" id="toc28"></a>
+<a name="pdf29" id="pdf29"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Conclusion.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The reader now has before him, in brief, the main
+outlines of this momentous subject.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+1. Spiritualism, so far as its phenomena are concerned,
+is not humbug and trickery, but a real manifestation
+of power and intelligence.
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page147">[pg 147]</span><a name="Pg147" id="Pg147" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+2. But the marvels and wonders are not performed
+by the spirits of the dead.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+3. Evil spirits step in and counterfeit what are
+supposed to be the spirits of the dead, in which
+men have been taught to believe, simulating points
+of identity to any minute particular that may be
+required.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+4. Besides starting on this false assumption, all
+their teaching shows that they are agents of evil,
+not of good, and their work is to degrade, not
+elevate.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+5. The world by long resistance of the truth, has
+prepared the way for this deception, which the spirit
+that worketh in the children of disobedience is not
+slow to improve.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+6. Even the churches of Christ, by rejection of
+the truth, are preparing themselves for the same
+snare.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+7. The Scriptures have plainly pointed out this
+great outbreak of the working of Satan, and invariably
+connected it with the last days and the second
+coming of Christ.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+8. Spiritualism is thus a subject of prophecy,
+and an infallible sign and precursor of the soon-coming
+end.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+9. The great day of the Lord is near and hasteth
+greatly; and all things now call upon all men to
+prepare for its eternal decisions.
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Is this the lesson? Who will heed it and thus
+escape the delusions and perils of these last days,
+and be finally saved in the kingdom of heaven?
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page149">[pg 149]</span><a name="Pg149" id="Pg149" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc30" id="toc30"></a>
+<a name="pdf31" id="pdf31"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Index Of Authors Referred To.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Alexander, Emperor, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Axahof, Hon. Alexander, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Adare, Lord, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Alexander III., <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Bellachini, Mr., <a href="#Pg014" class="tei tei-ref">14</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Barrett, Dr. W. F., <a href="#Pg015" class="tei tei-ref">15</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Bright, John, <a href="#Pg030" class="tei tei-ref">30</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Buddha, <a href="#Pg086" class="tei tei-ref">86</a>, <a href="#Pg087" class="tei tei-ref">87</a>, <a href="#Pg088" class="tei tei-ref">88</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Brittan, Professor, <a href="#Pg111" class="tei tei-ref">111</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Brooklyn, May, <a href="#Pg128" class="tei tei-ref">128</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Channing, Dr., <a href="#Pg004" class="tei tei-ref">4</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Cook, Joseph, <a href="#Pg012" class="tei tei-ref">12</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Crookes, Professor, <a href="#Pg017" class="tei tei-ref">17</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Crookes, Wm., F. R. S., <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Clarke, Dr. Adam, <a href="#Pg050" class="tei tei-ref">50</a>, <a href="#Pg056" class="tei tei-ref">56</a>, <a href="#Pg091" class="tei tei-ref">91</a>, <a href="#Pg092" class="tei tei-ref">92</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Carey, Alice, <a href="#Pg078" class="tei tei-ref">78</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Confucius, <a href="#Pg086" class="tei tei-ref">86</a>, <a href="#Pg088" class="tei tei-ref">88</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Conant, Mrs., <a href="#Pg090" class="tei tei-ref">90</a>, <a href="#Pg119" class="tei tei-ref">119</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Curry, Dr., <a href="#Pg056" class="tei tei-ref">56</a>, <a href="#Pg092" class="tei tei-ref">92</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Claflin, Mr., <a href="#Pg109" class="tei tei-ref">109</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Carter, Judge, <a href="#Pg113" class="tei tei-ref">113</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Campbell, Alexander, <a href="#Pg143" class="tei tei-ref">143</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Carthness, Countess, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Cowper, Lady, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Dixon, Hepworth, <a href="#Pg028" class="tei tei-ref">28</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Davis, A. J., <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>, <a href="#Pg097" class="tei tei-ref">97</a>, <a href="#Pg100" class="tei tei-ref">100</a>, <a href="#Pg105" class="tei tei-ref">105</a>, <a href="#Pg112" class="tei tei-ref">112</a>, <a href="#Pg114" class="tei tei-ref">114</a>, <a href="#Pg118" class="tei tei-ref">118</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Davenport, Messrs., <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Dow, Lorenzo, <a href="#Pg143" class="tei tei-ref">143</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Dunraven, Lord, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+De Bullet, Le Compte, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Eglinton, Mr., <a href="#Pg013" class="tei tei-ref">13</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Edmunds, Judge, <a href="#Pg028" class="tei tei-ref">28</a>, <a href="#Pg117" class="tei tei-ref">117</a>, <a href="#Pg118" class="tei tei-ref">118</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Fox, John D., <a href="#Pg018" class="tei tei-ref">18</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Fox, Mrs., <a href="#Pg018" class="tei tei-ref">18</a>, <a href="#Pg019" class="tei tei-ref">19</a>, <a href="#Pg020" class="tei tei-ref">20</a>, <a href="#Pg021" class="tei tei-ref">21</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Fox, Margaret, <a href="#Pg018" class="tei tei-ref">18</a>, <a href="#Pg020" class="tei tei-ref">20</a>, <a href="#Pg022" class="tei tei-ref">22</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Fox, Kate, <a href="#Pg018" class="tei tei-ref">18</a>, <a href="#Pg019" class="tei tei-ref">19</a>, <a href="#Pg020" class="tei tei-ref">20</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Fox, David, <a href="#Pg018" class="tei tei-ref">18</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Fox, Mary, <a href="#Pg021" class="tei tei-ref">21</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Fox, Catharine, <a href="#Pg022" class="tei tei-ref">22</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Franklin, Benjamin, <a href="#Pg085" class="tei tei-ref">85</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Geary, Mr., <a href="#Pg013" class="tei tei-ref">13</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Glanvil, Mr., <a href="#Pg020" class="tei tei-ref">20</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Gridley, Dr., <a href="#Pg114" class="tei tei-ref">114</a>, <a href="#Pg115" class="tei tei-ref">115</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Guldenstuble, Baron, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hazard, Thos. R., <a href="#Pg011" class="tei tei-ref">11</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Harrison, W. H., F. R. S., <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Home, Mr., <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hendricks, Mrs., <a href="#Pg031" class="tei tei-ref">31</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hatch, Mrs. C. L. V., <a href="#Pg083" class="tei tei-ref">83</a>, <a href="#Pg106" class="tei tei-ref">106</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hare, Dr., <a href="#Pg084" class="tei tei-ref">84</a>, <a href="#Pg085" class="tei tei-ref">85</a>, <a href="#Pg089" class="tei tei-ref">89</a>, <a href="#Pg092" class="tei tei-ref">92</a>, <a href="#Pg099" class="tei tei-ref">99</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Harris, <span class="tei tei-q">“Rev.”</span> T. L., <a href="#Pg094" class="tei tei-ref">94</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hall, Hon. J. B., <a href="#Pg101" class="tei tei-ref">101</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hatch, Dr., <a href="#Pg106" class="tei tei-ref">106</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hudson, T. J., <a href="#Pg017" class="tei tei-ref">17</a>, <a href="#Pg057" class="tei tei-ref">57</a>, <a href="#Pg074" class="tei tei-ref">74</a>, <a href="#Pg109" class="tei tei-ref">109</a>, <a href="#Pg111" class="tei tei-ref">111</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hull, Moses, <a href="#Pg109" class="tei tei-ref">109</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Hobart, Mr., <a href="#Pg122" class="tei tei-ref">122</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Isham, Sir Charles, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Jamieson, W. F., <a href="#Pg109" class="tei tei-ref">109</a>, <a href="#Pg113" class="tei tei-ref">113</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Jaubert, M., <a href="#Pg126" class="tei tei-ref">126</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Keller, Harvy, <a href="#Pg013" class="tei tei-ref">13</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Krishna, <a href="#Pg087" class="tei tei-ref">87</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Keck, Professor, <a href="#Pg127" class="tei tei-ref">127</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Lillie, J. T., <a href="#Pg021" class="tei tei-ref">21</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Loveland, J. S., <a href="#Pg097" class="tei tei-ref">97</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Lull, Miss A. L., <a href="#Pg125" class="tei tei-ref">125</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Lillie, Mrs. R. S., <a href="#Pg127" class="tei tei-ref">127</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Leuchtenberg, Duke, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Lyndhurst, Lord, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Lindsay, Lord, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page150">[pg 150]</span><a name="Pg150" id="Pg150" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mompesson, Mr., <a href="#Pg020" class="tei tei-ref">20</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Milton, John, <a href="#Pg040" class="tei tei-ref">40</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mohammed, <a href="#Pg087" class="tei tei-ref">87</a>, <a href="#Pg088" class="tei tei-ref">88</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Massey, Gerald, <a href="#Pg114" class="tei tei-ref">114</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mahan, Pres., <a href="#Pg121" class="tei tei-ref">121</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Metternich, Prince, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Metternich, Princess, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Norton, Deacon John, <a href="#Pg089" class="tei tei-ref">89</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Napoleon, Louis, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Napier, Sir Charles, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Owen, Robert Dale, <a href="#Pg018" class="tei tei-ref">18</a>, <a href="#Pg019" class="tei tei-ref">19</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Olshausen, Dr., <a href="#Pg056" class="tei tei-ref">56</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Orton, Mr., <a href="#Pg084" class="tei tei-ref">84</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Origen, <a href="#Pg141" class="tei tei-ref">141</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Putnam, Allen, <a href="#Pg075" class="tei tei-ref">75</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Paine, Thomas, <a href="#Pg085" class="tei tei-ref">85</a>, <a href="#Pg087" class="tei tei-ref">87</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Potter, Dr. William B., <a href="#Pg107" class="tei tei-ref">107</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Parker, Theodore, <a href="#Pg114" class="tei tei-ref">114</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Queen of Spain, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Redfield, Mrs., <a href="#Pg021" class="tei tei-ref">21</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Randolph, Dr. B. P., <a href="#Pg104" class="tei tei-ref">104</a>, <a href="#Pg105" class="tei tei-ref">105</a>, <a href="#Pg112" class="tei tei-ref">112</a>, <a href="#Pg128" class="tei tei-ref">128</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Richmond, Mrs. Cora L. V., <a href="#Pg126" class="tei tei-ref">126</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Slade, Mr., <a href="#Pg014" class="tei tei-ref">14</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Savage, M. J., <a href="#Pg015" class="tei tei-ref">15</a>, <a href="#Pg022" class="tei tei-ref">22</a>, <a href="#Pg024" class="tei tei-ref">24</a>, <a href="#Pg025" class="tei tei-ref">25</a>, <a href="#Pg032" class="tei tei-ref">32</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Stead, W. T., <a href="#Pg031" class="tei tei-ref">31</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Stanford, Leland, <a href="#Pg031" class="tei tei-ref">31</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Tiffany, Joel, <a href="#Pg090" class="tei tei-ref">90</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Tuttle, Hudson, <a href="#Pg113" class="tei tei-ref">113</a>, <a href="#Pg116" class="tei tei-ref">116</a>, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Trevilyan, Sir W., <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Underhill, Leah Fox, <a href="#Pg021" class="tei tei-ref">21</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Underwood, Mrs. S. A., <a href="#Pg026" class="tei tei-ref">26</a>, <a href="#Pg080" class="tei tei-ref">80</a>, <a href="#Pg123" class="tei tei-ref">123</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Vinet, Dr., <a href="#Pg005" class="tei tei-ref">5</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Victoria, Queen, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Von Schick, Baron, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Von Dirkinck, Baron, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Wesley, Mr., <a href="#Pg020" class="tei tei-ref">20</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Wood, Rev. J. G., <a href="#Pg026" class="tei tei-ref">26</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Wallace, Alfred R. F. R. S., <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>, <a href="#Pg030" class="tei tei-ref">30</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Weisse, Dr., <a href="#Pg084" class="tei tei-ref">84</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Washington, George, <a href="#Pg085" class="tei tei-ref">85</a>, <a href="#Pg114" class="tei tei-ref">114</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Wilson, R. P., <a href="#Pg088" class="tei tei-ref">88</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Whitney, J. F., <a href="#Pg105" class="tei tei-ref">105</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Woodhull, Mrs., <a href="#Pg109" class="tei tei-ref">109</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Wilson, James Victor, <a href="#Pg112" class="tei tei-ref">112</a>, <a href="#Pg113" class="tei tei-ref">113</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Webster, Professor, <a href="#Pg118" class="tei tei-ref">118</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Watson, Dr., <a href="#Pg125" class="tei tei-ref">125</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Wittgenstein, Prince, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Willshire, Sir T., <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Wilbraham, Col. E. B., <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Zöllner, Professor, <a href="#Pg012" class="tei tei-ref">12</a>, <a href="#Pg013" class="tei tei-ref">13</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Zoroaster, <a href="#Pg068" class="tei tei-ref">68</a>, <a href="#Pg088" class="tei tei-ref">88</a>
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page151">[pg 151]</span><a name="Pg151" id="Pg151" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc32" id="toc32"></a>
+<a name="pdf33" id="pdf33"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Index Of Books, Papers, Etc., Quoted.</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Automatic or Spirit Writing, <a href="#Pg015" class="tei tei-ref">15</a>, <a href="#Pg026" class="tei tei-ref">26</a>, <a href="#Pg080" class="tei tei-ref">80</a>, <a href="#Pg086" class="tei tei-ref">86</a>, <a href="#Pg098" class="tei tei-ref">98</a>, <a href="#Pg111" class="tei tei-ref">111</a>, <a href="#Pg119" class="tei tei-ref">119</a>, <a href="#Pg120" class="tei tei-ref">120</a>, <a href="#Pg121" class="tei tei-ref">121</a>, <a href="#Pg123" class="tei tei-ref">123</a>, <a href="#Pg124" class="tei tei-ref">124</a>, <a href="#Pg133" class="tei tei-ref">133</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Arena</span></span>, The, <a href="#Pg015" class="tei tei-ref">15</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Astounding Facts from the Spirit World, <a href="#Pg114" class="tei tei-ref">114</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Banner of Light</span></span>, <a href="#Pg021" class="tei tei-ref">21</a>, <a href="#Pg078" class="tei tei-ref">78</a>, <a href="#Pg079" class="tei tei-ref">79</a>, <a href="#Pg083" class="tei tei-ref">83</a>, <a href="#Pg084" class="tei tei-ref">84</a>, <a href="#Pg086" class="tei tei-ref">86</a>, <a href="#Pg089" class="tei tei-ref">89</a>, <a href="#Pg090" class="tei tei-ref">90</a>, <a href="#Pg097" class="tei tei-ref">97</a>, <a href="#Pg101" class="tei tei-ref">101</a>, <a href="#Pg119" class="tei tei-ref">119</a>, <a href="#Pg123" class="tei tei-ref">123</a>, <a href="#Pg125" class="tei tei-ref">125</a>, <a href="#Pg126" class="tei tei-ref">126</a>, <a href="#Pg127" class="tei tei-ref">127</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Christian at Work</span></span>, The, <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>, <a href="#Pg030" class="tei tei-ref">30</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Chronicle</span></span>, San Francisco <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Century Dictionary, <a href="#Pg035" class="tei tei-ref">35</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Christian Reformer</span></span>, The, <a href="#Pg129" class="tei tei-ref">129</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Declaration of Principles of the Spiritualists, <a href="#Pg102" class="tei tei-ref">102</a>, <a href="#Pg125" class="tei tei-ref">125</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Dealings with the Dead, <a href="#Pg104" class="tei tei-ref">104</a>, <a href="#Pg112" class="tei tei-ref">112</a>, <a href="#Pg123" class="tei tei-ref">123</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Death and the After Life, <a href="#Pg118" class="tei tei-ref">118</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen, <a href="#Pg121" class="tei tei-ref">121</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Forum</span></span>, The, <a href="#Pg016" class="tei tei-ref">16</a>, <a href="#Pg022" class="tei tei-ref">22</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World, <a href="#Pg018" class="tei tei-ref">18</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Fortnightly Review</span></span>, <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>, <a href="#Pg030" class="tei tei-ref">30</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Home Circle, <a href="#Pg014" class="tei tei-ref">14</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Healing of the Nations, <a href="#Pg096" class="tei tei-ref">96</a>, <a href="#Pg097" class="tei tei-ref">97</a>, <a href="#Pg099" class="tei tei-ref">99</a>, <a href="#Pg102" class="tei tei-ref">102</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Herald</span></span>, Boston, <a href="#Pg130" class="tei tei-ref">130</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Kojiki Nohonki, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Koran, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Kan-Ying-Peen, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Law of Physic Phenomena, <a href="#Pg017" class="tei tei-ref">17</a>, <a href="#Pg057" class="tei tei-ref">57</a>, <a href="#Pg074" class="tei tei-ref">74</a>, <a href="#Pg109" class="tei tei-ref">109</a>, <a href="#Pg111" class="tei tei-ref">111</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Life in Two Spheres, <a href="#Pg113" class="tei tei-ref">113</a>, <a href="#Pg116" class="tei tei-ref">116</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Law Books of Manu, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, and Miracles, <a href="#Pg075" class="tei tei-ref">75</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">North American</span></span>, Philadelphia, <a href="#Pg011" class="tei tei-ref">11</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Nineteenth Century Miracles, <a href="#Pg013" class="tei tei-ref">13</a>, <a href="#Pg126" class="tei tei-ref">126</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Nature of Divine Revelation, <a href="#Pg097" class="tei tei-ref">97</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Paradise Lost, <a href="#Pg040" class="tei tei-ref">40</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Pathfinder</span></span>, New York, <a href="#Pg105" class="tei tei-ref">105</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Purana, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Quarterly Journal of Science</span></span>, <a href="#Pg029" class="tei tei-ref">29</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Religio-Philosophical Journal</span></span>, <a href="#Pg014" class="tei tei-ref">14</a>, <a href="#Pg028" class="tei tei-ref">28</a>, <a href="#Pg080" class="tei tei-ref">80</a>, <a href="#Pg125" class="tei tei-ref">125</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Report of the 37th Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, <a href="#Pg021" class="tei tei-ref">21</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Review of Reviews</span></span>, <a href="#Pg031" class="tei tei-ref">31</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Record</span></span>, Philadelphia, <a href="#Pg128" class="tei tei-ref">128</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Spiritual Clarion</span></span>, <a href="#Pg014" class="tei tei-ref">14</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Spiritual Telegraph</span></span>, <a href="#Pg083" class="tei tei-ref">83</a>, <a href="#Pg096" class="tei tei-ref">96</a>, <a href="#Pg122" class="tei tei-ref">122</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spiritual Science Demonstrated, <a href="#Pg089" class="tei tei-ref">89</a>, <a href="#Pg092" class="tei tei-ref">92</a>
+</p>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page152">[pg 152]</span><a name="Pg152" id="Pg152" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spiritualism as It Is, <a href="#Pg107" class="tei tei-ref">107</a>, <a href="#Pg108" class="tei tei-ref">108</a>, <a href="#Pg123" class="tei tei-ref">123</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Spiritualism <a href="#Pg118" class="tei tei-ref">118</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Shaster, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">The Border Land</span></span>, <a href="#Pg031" class="tei tei-ref">31</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Treatise on Christian Doctrine, <a href="#Pg040" class="tei tei-ref">40</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Truth Seeker</span></span>, <a href="#Pg083" class="tei tei-ref">83</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Telegraphic Answer to Mahan, <a href="#Pg111" class="tei tei-ref">111</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+The Diakka and their Earthly Victims, <a href="#Pg112" class="tei tei-ref">112</a>, <a href="#Pg113" class="tei tei-ref">113</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Tribune</span></span>, Chicago, <a href="#Pg128" class="tei tei-ref">128</a>, <a href="#Pg129" class="tei tei-ref">129</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Tao-Te-King, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Tripitaka, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Veda, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">World</span></span>, New York, <a href="#Pg030" class="tei tei-ref">30</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+What Is Spiritualism, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref">146</a>
+</p>
+
+<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
+Zend Avesta, <a href="#Pg132" class="tei tei-ref">132</a>
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page153">[pg 153]</span><a name="Pg153" id="Pg153" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+<a name="toc34" id="toc34"></a>
+<a name="pdf35" id="pdf35"></a>
+<h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Index Of Texts Of Scripture Illustrated Or Explained.</span></h1>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">GENESIS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">1:1-5, <a href="#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">93</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">1:28, <a href="#Pg068" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">68</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:2, <a href="#Pg046" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">46</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:7, <a href="#Pg045" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">45</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:4, <a href="#Pg039" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">39</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:10, <a href="#Pg052" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">52</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">7:21, <a href="#Pg022" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">22</a>, <a href="#Pg045" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">45</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">35:18, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">LEVITICUS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">19:31, <a href="#Pg036" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">36</a>, <a href="#Pg053" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">53</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">NUMBERS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">16:22, <a href="#Pg048" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">48</a>, <a href="#Pg050" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">50</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">27:16, <a href="#Pg050" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">50</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">DEUTERONOMY.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">13:1-3, <a href="#Pg005" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">5</a>, <a href="#Pg077" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">77</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">18:9-12, <a href="#Pg036" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">36</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">1 SAMUEL.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">Chap. 28, <a href="#Pg052" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">52</a>, <a href="#Pg053" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">53</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">1 KINGS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:1, <a href="#Pg073" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">73</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">17:21, 22, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">2 KINGS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">19:35, <a href="#Pg072" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">72</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">21:2, 6, <a href="#Pg009" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">9</a>, <a href="#Pg011" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">11</a>, <a href="#Pg036" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">36</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">JOB.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">7:21, <a href="#Pg062" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">62</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">14:21, <a href="#Pg063" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">63</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">19:25-27, <a href="#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">93</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">34: 14, 15, <a href="#Pg045" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">45</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">PSALMS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">6:5, <a href="#Pg063" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">63</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">13:3, <a href="#Pg062" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">62</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">17:15, <a href="#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">93</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">115:17, <a href="#Pg063" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">63</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">119:105, <a href="#Pg131" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">131</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">146:3, 4, <a href="#Pg062" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">62</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">ECCLESIASTES.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:19, 21, <a href="#Pg045" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">45</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">8:11, <a href="#Pg101" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">101</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">9:5, 6, 10, <a href="#Pg043" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">43</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">12:7, <a href="#Pg044" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">44</a>, <a href="#Pg045" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">45</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">ISAIAH.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">5:20, <a href="#Pg101" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">101</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">8:19, <a href="#Pg074" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">74</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">8:19, 20, <a href="#Pg075" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">75</a>, <a href="#Pg133" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">133</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">14:12-14, <a href="#Pg067" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">67</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">26:19, <a href="#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">93</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">38:1, 5, 18, 19, <a href="#Pg063" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">63</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">61:1, <a href="#Pg050" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">50</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">EZEKIEL.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">18:20, <a href="#Pg097" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">97</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">28:, <a href="#Pg067" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">67</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">28:2, 12-15, <a href="#Pg068" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">68</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">37:12, <a href="#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">93</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">DANIEL.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">11:2, <a href="#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">93</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">HOSEA.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">13:14, <a href="#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">93</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">HABAKKUK.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:11, <a href="#Pg052" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">52</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">MATTHEW.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">10:28, <a href="#Pg050" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">50</a>, <a href="#Pg051" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">51</a>, <a href="#Pg052" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">52</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">10:39, <a href="#Pg051" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">51</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">15:13, <a href="#Pg009" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">9</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">17:3, <a href="#Pg056" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">56</a></div>
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page154">[pg 154]</span><a name="Pg154" id="Pg154" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">22:23-28, 32, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">24:23-35, <a href="#Pg135" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">135</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">24:24, <a href="#Pg083" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">83</a>, <a href="#Pg134" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">134</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">24:30, 31, <a href="#Pg058" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">58</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">25:32, 33, <a href="#Pg097" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">97</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">27:18, <a href="#Pg085" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">85</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">28:3, 4, <a href="#Pg072" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">72</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">LUKE.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">10:18, <a href="#Pg071" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">71</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">14:14, <a href="#Pg064" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">64</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">16:, <a href="#Pg057" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">57</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">19:35, <a href="#Pg064" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">64</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">23:39-43, <a href="#Pg058" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">58</a>, <a href="#Pg059" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">59</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">JOHN.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:6, <a href="#Pg046" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">46</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:19-21, <a href="#Pg109" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">109</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">6:39,40, <a href="#Pg064" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">64</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">6:40, <a href="#Pg051" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">51</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">8:44, <a href="#Pg067" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">67</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">11:11, <a href="#Pg062" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">62</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">11:25, <a href="#Pg055" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">55</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">14:30, <a href="#Pg068" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">68</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">19:31-33, <a href="#Pg060" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">60</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">20:17, <a href="#Pg059" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">59</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">ACTS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">7:60, <a href="#Pg062" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">62</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">16:16-18, <a href="#Pg036" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">36</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">17:31, <a href="#Pg064" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">64</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">26:23, <a href="#Pg057" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">57</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">ROMANS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:15, <a href="#Pg095" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">95</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:17, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">6:16, <a href="#Pg068" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">68</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">6:23, <a href="#Pg097" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">97</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">1 CORINTHIANS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">11:30, <a href="#Pg062" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">62</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">15:, <a href="#Pg092" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">92</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">15:18, <a href="#Pg064" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">64</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">15:51, <a href="#Pg062" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">62</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">15:51-54, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">2 CORINTHIANS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:4, <a href="#Pg068" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">68</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">5:2, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">12:2-4, <a href="#Pg059" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">59</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">GALATIANS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">5:19-21, <a href="#Pg036" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">36</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">EPHESIANS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:2, <a href="#Pg068" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">68</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">6:11, <a href="#Pg072" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">72</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">6:12, <a href="#Pg073" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">73</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">PHILIPPIANS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:11, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">1:23, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">1 THESSALONIANS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:14, <a href="#Pg062" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">62</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:15-17, <a href="#Pg058" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">58</a>, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">5:23, <a href="#Pg048" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">48</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">2 THESSALONIANS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:8,9, <a href="#Pg139" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">139</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:9-12, <a href="#Pg138" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">138</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">1 TIMOTHY.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">1:17, <a href="#Pg042" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">42</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:6, <a href="#Pg067" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">67</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:1, <a href="#Pg073" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">73</a>, <a href="#Pg088" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">88</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">6:16 <a href="#Pg042" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">42</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">2 TIMOTHY.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:8, <a href="#Pg144" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">144</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:1, 8, <a href="#Pg064" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">64</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:1, 10-12, <a href="#Pg139" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">139</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">HEBREWS.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:14, <a href="#Pg055" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">55</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">10:25-29, <a href="#Pg135" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">135</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">11:15, 16, <a href="#Pg061" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">61</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">11:40, <a href="#Pg048" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">48</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">12:9, <a href="#Pg023" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">23</a>, <a href="#Pg050" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">50</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">12:23, <a href="#Pg047" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">47</a>, <a href="#Pg050" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">50</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">JAMES.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:6-8, <a href="#Pg072" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">72</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">1 PETER.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">1:11, <a href="#Pg049" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">49</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:19, <a href="#Pg048" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">48</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:20, <a href="#Pg049" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">49</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">5:8, 9, <a href="#Pg073" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">73</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page155">[pg 155]</span><a name="Pg155" id="Pg155" class="tei tei-anchor"></a>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">2 PETER.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">1:16-18, <a href="#Pg056" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">56</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">1:19, <a href="#Pg131" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">131</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:4, <a href="#Pg066" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">66</a>, <a href="#Pg072" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">72</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">3:7, <a href="#Pg013" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">13</a>, <a href="#Pg072" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">72</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">1 JOHN.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:22, <a href="#Pg087" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">87</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:23, <a href="#Pg083" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">83</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:1, 16-18, <a href="#Pg134" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">134</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">4:3, <a href="#Pg088" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">88</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">5:18, <a href="#Pg072" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">72</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">JUDE.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">Verse 4, <a href="#Pg088" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">88</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">" 6, <a href="#Pg066" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">66</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">" 9, <a href="#Pg055" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">55</a></div>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tei tei-lg" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left">REVELATION.</div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">2:7, <a href="#Pg059" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">59</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">5:13, <a href="#Pg072" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">72</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">6:9-11, <a href="#Pg052" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">52</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">12:3, 4, <a href="#Pg137" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">137</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">12:7, <a href="#Pg071" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">71</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">12:12, <a href="#Pg135" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">135</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">13:1-10, <a href="#Pg137" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">137</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">13:11, 13, 14, <a href="#Pg136" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">136</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">13:11-17, <a href="#Pg138" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">138</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">14:1-5, <a href="#Pg138" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">138</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">14:8, <a href="#Pg144" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">144</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">16:13, 14, <a href="#Pg075" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">75</a>, <a href="#Pg138" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">138</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">16:14, <a href="#Pg145" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">145</a>, <a href="#Pg146" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">146</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">17:5, <a href="#Pg142" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">142</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">18:2, <a href="#Pg140" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">140</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">18:2, 4, 5, <a href="#Pg144" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">144</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">19:11-21, <a href="#Pg145" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">145</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">19:20, <a href="#Pg138" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">138</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">20:4-6, <a href="#Pg051" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">51</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">20:14, 15, <a href="#Pg072" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">72</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">21:8, <a href="#Pg036" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">36</a>, <a href="#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">93</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">22:1, 2, <a href="#Pg059" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">59</a></div>
+<div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left; margin-left: 2.00em">22:15, <a href="#Pg093" class="tei tei-ref" style="text-align: left">93</a></div>
+</div>
+</div>
+</div>
+<hr class="doublepage" /><div class="tei tei-back" style="margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 6.00em">
+  <div id="footnotes" class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+    <a name="toc36" id="toc36"></a>
+    <a name="pdf37" id="pdf37"></a>
+    <h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Footnotes</span></h1>
+    <dl class="tei tei-list-footnotes"><dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_1" name="note_1" href="#noteref_1">1.</a></dt><dd class="tei tei-notetext">Original edition.</dd><dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_2" name="note_2" href="#noteref_2">2.</a></dt><dd class="tei tei-notetext">Original edition. Not
+found in the mutilated edition, revised by
+Dr. Curry.</dd><dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_3" name="note_3" href="#noteref_3">3.</a></dt><dd class="tei tei-notetext">The revision
+of Dr. Clarke's Commentary by Dr. Curry, proves
+the truthfulness of what the doctor here says, for this important
+passage is entirely eliminated, and its place filled with statements
+which Dr. Clarke did not make, and sentiments which he did not
+believe. It is no less than a crime to treat a dead man's work in this
+manner.</dd><dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_4" name="note_4" href="#noteref_4">4.</a></dt><dd class="tei tei-notetext">For a full argument on this point,
+fortified by testimony, the application of which is beyond question,
+see works treating on the United States as a subject of prophecy,
+for sale by the International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.</dd><dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_5" name="note_5" href="#noteref_5">5.</a></dt><dd class="tei tei-notetext">See
+works on the three messages of Revelation 14, for sale by
+the International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.</dd></dl>
+  </div>
+  <hr class="doublepage" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
+    <div id="pgfooter" class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"><pre class="pre tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MODERN SPIRITUALISM***
+</pre><hr class="doublepage" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"><a name="rightpageheader38" id="rightpageheader38"></a><a name="pgtoc39" id="pgtoc39"></a><a name="pdf40" id="pdf40"></a><h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">Credits</span></h1><table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"><tbody><tr><th class="tei tei-label tei-label-gloss">November 7, 2008  </th></tr><tr><td class="tei tei-item"><table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"><tbody><tr class="tei tei-labelitem"><th class="tei tei-label"></th><td class="tei tei-item">Project Gutenberg TEI edition 1</td></tr><tr class="tei tei-labelitem"><th class="tei tei-label"></th><td class="tei tei-item"><span class="tei tei-respStmt">
+        <span class="tei tei-name">
+            Produced by Heiko Evermann, Clarence L. Thomas IV, David King, and the Online
+            Distributed Proofreading Team at &lt;http://www.pgdp.net/&gt;.
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+      </span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><hr class="doublepage" /><div class="tei tei-div" style="margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"><a name="rightpageheader41" id="rightpageheader41"></a><a name="pgtoc42" id="pgtoc42"></a><a name="pdf43" id="pdf43"></a><h1 class="tei tei-head" style="text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"><span style="font-size: 173%">A Word from Project Gutenberg</span></h1><p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This file should be named 
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+      <title>Modern Spiritualism</title>
+      <author><name reg="Smith, Uriah">Uriah Smith</name></author>
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+      <edition n="1">Edition 1</edition>
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+      <date>November 7, 2008</date>
+      <idno type="etext-no">27197</idno>
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+    </div>
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+      <divGen type="encodingDesc" />
+    </div>
+
+    <div rend="page-break-before: always">
+      <p rend="font-size: xx-large; text-align: center">MODERN SPIRITUALISM</p>
+      <p rend="font-size: large; text-align: center">A SUBJECT OF PROPHECY</p>
+      <p rend="font-size: large; text-align: center">AND A</p>
+      <p rend="font-size: x-large; text-align: center">SIGN OF THE TIMES.</p>
+      <p rend="font-size: x-large; text-align: center">BY URIAH SMITH</p>
+      <p rend="text-align: center">THE REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING CO.</p>
+      <p rend="text-align: center">1896.</p>
+    </div>
+    <div rend="page-break-before: always">
+      <head>Contents</head>
+      <divGen type="toc" />
+    </div>
+
+  </front>
+<body>
+
+<pb n='003'/><anchor id='Pg003'/>
+
+<div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<index index="toc"/>
+<index index="pdf"/>
+<head>Preface.</head>
+
+<p>
+For nearly fifty years Spiritualism has been before
+the world. This surely is time enough to enable
+it to show its character by its fruits. <q>By their
+fruits ye shall know them,</q> is a rule that admits
+of no exceptions. If evil fruits appear, the tree is
+corrupt.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Spiritualism has made unbounded promises of
+good. It has claimed to be the long-promised second
+coming of Christ; the opening of a new era among
+mankind; the rosy portal of a golden age, when all
+men should be reformed, evil disappear, and the
+renovation of society cause the hearts of men to
+leap for joy, and the earth to blossom as the rose.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Has it fulfilled all, or any, of these promises?
+If not, is it not a deception? and if a deception,
+considering its wide-spread influence, and the number
+of its adherents, is it not one of the most
+gigantic and appalling deceptions that has ever fallen
+upon Christendom? The Bible in the plainest terms,
+declares that in the last days malign influences will
+be let loose upon the world; false pretensions
+will be urged upon the minds of men; and deceptions,
+backed up by preternatural signs and wonders,
+will develop to such a degree of strength, that, if
+it were possible, they would deceive the very elect.
+<pb n='004'/><anchor id='Pg004'/>
+Is it possible that Spiritualism may be the very
+development of evil, against which this warning
+is directed?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To investigate these questions, and to show by
+unimpeachable testimony, what Spiritualism is, and
+the place it holds among the psychological movements
+of the present day, is the object of these pages.
+Not a few books have been written against Spiritualism;
+but most of them endeavor to account for it
+on the ground of human jugglery and imposture, or
+on natural principles, the discovery of a new and
+heretofore occult force in nature, etc., from which
+great things may be expected in the future. But
+rarely has any one discussed it from the standpoint
+of prophecy, and the testimony of the Scriptures,
+the only point of view, as we believe, from which its
+true origin, nature, and tendency, can be ascertained.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Many features in the work of Spiritualism would
+seem to indicate that the source from which it springs
+is far from good; but it is based upon a church
+dogma, firmly established through all Christendom,
+which in many minds is of sufficient weight to overbalance
+considerations that would otherwise be considered
+ample grounds for shunning or renouncing it.
+It is therefore the more necessary that the reader,
+in examining this question, should let the bonds that
+have heretofore bound him to preconceived opinions,
+sit loose upon him, and that he should put himself
+in the mood of Dr. Channing when he said: <q>I
+must choose to receive the truth, no matter how it
+bears upon myself, and must follow it no matter
+<pb n='005'/><anchor id='Pg005'/>
+where it leads, from what party it severs me, or to
+what party it allies.</q> And he should remember also,
+as the eminent and pious Dr. Vinet once sagaciously
+observed, that <q>even now, after eighteen centuries
+of Christianity, we are very probably involved in
+some enormous error, of which Christianity will, in
+some future time, make us ashamed.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In view, therefore, of the importance of this
+question, and the tremendous issues that hang on
+the decisions we may make in these perilous times,
+we feel justified even in <emph>adjuring</emph> the reader to
+canvass this subject with an inflexible determination
+to learn the truth, and then to follow it wherever
+it may lead.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='smallcaps'>U. S.</hi><lb/>
+<hi rend='italic'>Battle Creek, Mich., 1897.</hi>
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='009'/><anchor id='Pg009'/>
+
+<div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<index index="toc" level1="Chapter One. Opening Thought."/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="Chapter One."/>
+<head type="sub">Chapter One.</head>
+<head>Opening Thought.</head>
+
+<p>
+What think ye? Whence is it&mdash;from heaven
+or of men? Such was the nature of the question
+addressed by our Saviour to the men of his
+time, concerning the baptism of John. It is the
+crucial question by which to test every system that
+comes to us in the garb of religion: Is it from
+heaven or of men? And if a true answer to the
+question can be found, it must determine our attitude
+toward it; for if it is from heaven, it challenges
+at once our acceptance and profound regard, but if
+it is of men, sooner or later, in this world or in the
+world to come, it will be destroyed with all its followers;
+for our Saviour has declared that every
+plant which our heavenly Father has not planted
+shall be rooted up. Matt. 15:13.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To those who do not believe in any <q>heavenly
+Father,</q> nor in <q>Christ the Saviour,</q> nor in any
+<q>revealed word of God,</q> we would say that these
+points will be assumed in this work rather than
+<pb n='010'/><anchor id='Pg010'/>
+directly argued, though many incidental proofs will
+appear, to which we trust our friends will be pleased
+to give some consideration. But we address ourselves
+particularly to those who still have faith in
+God the Father of all; in his divine Son, our Lord
+Jesus Christ, through whose blood we have redemption;
+in the Bible as the inspired revelation of God's
+will; and in the Holy Spirit as the enlightener of the
+mind, and the sanctifier of the soul. To all those to
+whom this position is common ground, the Bible will
+be the standard of authority, and the court of last
+appeal, in the study upon which we now enter.
+</p>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>A Manifestation of Power.</head>
+
+<p>
+Spiritualism cannot be disposed of with a sneer.
+A toss of the head and a cry of <q>humbug,</q> will not
+suffice to meet its claims and the testimony of careful,
+conservative men who have studied thoroughly
+into the genuineness of its manifestations, and have
+sought for the secret of its power, and have become
+satisfied as to the one, and been wholly baffled as to
+the other. That there have been abundant instances
+of attempted fraud, deception, jugglery, and imposition,
+is not to be denied. But this does not by any
+means set aside the fact that there have been manifestations
+of more than human power, the evidence
+for which has never been impeached. The detection
+of a few sham mediums, who are trying to impose
+upon the credulity of the public, for money, may
+satisfy the careless and unthinking, that the whole
+affair is a humbug. Such will dismiss the matter
+<pb n='011'/><anchor id='Pg011'/>
+from their minds, and depart, easier subjects to
+be captured by the movement when some manifestation
+appears for which they can find no explanation.
+But the more thoughtful and careful observers well
+know that the exposure of these mountebanks does
+not account for the numberless manifestations of
+power, and the steady current of phenomena, utterly
+inexplicable on any human hypothesis, which have
+attended the movement from the beginning.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Philadelphia <hi rend='italic'>North American</hi>, of July 31,
+1885, published a communication from Thomas R.
+Hazard, in which he says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>But Spiritualism, whatever may be thought of it, must
+be recognized as a fact. It is one of the characteristic intellectual
+or emotional phenomena of the times, and as such, it
+is deserving of a more serious examination than it has yet
+received. There are those who say it is all humbug, and
+that everything outside of the ordinary course which takes
+place at the so-called séances, is the direct result of fraudulent
+and deliberative imposture; in short, that every Spiritualist
+must be either a fool or a knave. The serious objection
+to this hypothesis is that the explanation is almost as difficult
+of belief as the occurrences which it explains. There must
+certainly be some Spiritualists who are both honest and
+intelligent; and if the manifestations at the séances were
+altogether and invariably fraudulent, surely the whole thing
+must have collapsed long before this; and the Seybert Commission,
+which finds it necessary to extend its investigations
+over an indefinite period, which will certainly not be less
+than a year, would have been able to sweep the delusion
+away in short order.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The phenomena are so well known, that it is
+unnecessary to recount them here. Among them
+may be mentioned such achievements as these: Various
+articles have been transported from place to
+<pb n='012'/><anchor id='Pg012'/>
+place, without human hands, but by the agency of
+so-called spirits only; beautiful music has been
+produced independently of human agency, with and
+without the aid of visible instruments; many well-attested
+cases of healing have been presented; persons
+have been carried through the air by the spirits
+in the presence of many witnesses; tables have been
+suspended in the air with several persons upon them;
+purported spirits have presented themselves in bodily
+form and talked with an audible voice; and all this
+not once or twice merely, but times without number,
+as may be gathered from the records of Spiritualism,
+all through its history.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A few particular instances, as samples, it may be
+allowable to notice: Not many years since, Joseph
+Cook made his memorable tour around the world.
+In Europe he met the famous German philosopher,
+Professor Zöllner. Mr. Zöllner had been carefully
+investigating the phenomena of Spiritualism, and
+assured Mr. Cook of the following occurrences as
+facts, under his own observation: Knots had been
+found tied in the middle of cords, by some invisible
+agency, while both ends were made securely fast, so
+that they could not be tampered with; messages were
+written between doubly and trebly sealed slates;
+coin had passed through a table in a manner to illustrate
+the suspension of the laws of impenetrability of
+matter; straps of leather were knotted under his
+own hand; the impression of two feet was given on
+sooted paper pasted inside of two sealed slates;
+whole and uninjured wooden rings were placed
+<pb n='013'/><anchor id='Pg013'/>
+around the standard of a card table, over either end
+of which they could by no possibility be slipped;
+and finally the table itself, a heavy beechen structure,
+wholly disappeared, and then fell from the top
+of the room where Professor Zöllner and his friends
+were sitting.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In further confirmation of the fact that real
+spiritualistic manifestations are no sleight-of-hand
+performances, we cite the case of Harry Kellar, a
+professional performer, as given in <q>Nineteenth
+Century Miracles,</q> p. 213. The séance was held
+with the medium, Eglinton, in Calcutta, India, Jan.
+25, 1882. He says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>It is needless to say that I went as a skeptic; but I must
+own that I have come away utterly unable to explain by any
+natural means the phenomena that I witnessed on Tuesday
+evening.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+He then describes the particulars of the séance.
+An intelligence, purporting to be the spirit of one
+Geary, gave a communication. Mr. Kellar did not
+recognize the name nor recall the man. The message
+was repeated, with the added circumstances of
+the time and particulars of a previous meeting, when
+Mr. Kellar recalled the events, and, much to his surprise,
+the whole matter came clearly to his recollection.
+He then adds:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I still remain a skeptic as regards Spiritualism, but I
+repeat my inability to explain or account for what must have
+been an intelligent force which produced the writing on the
+slate, which, if my senses are to be relied on, was in no way
+the result of trickery or sleight-of-hand.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='014'/><anchor id='Pg014'/>
+
+<p>
+Another instance from <q>Home Circle,</q> p. 25,
+is that of Mr. Bellachini, also a professional conjuror,
+of Berlin, Germany. His interview was with
+the celebrated medium, Mr. Slade. From his testimony
+we quote the following:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I have not, in the smallest degree, found anything to be
+produced by prestidigitative manifestations or mechanical
+apparatus; and any explanation of the experiments which
+took place under the circumstances and conditions then
+obtaining, by any reference to prestidigitation, is <emph>absolutely
+impossible</emph>. I declare, moreover, the published opinions of
+laymen as to the <q>How</q> of this subject, to be premature,
+and according to my views and experience, false and
+one-sided.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Dated,
+Berlin, Dec. 6, 1877.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+When professional conjurors bear such testimony
+as this, while it does not prove Spiritualism to be
+what it claims to be, it does disprove the humbug
+theory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In addition to this, it appears that two propositions,
+one of $2000, and the other of $5000, have
+been offered to the one who claimed to be able to
+duplicate all the manifestations of Spiritualism, to
+duplicate two well-authenticated tests; but the challenge
+has never been accepted, nor the reward
+claimed. See <hi rend='italic'>Religio-Philosophical Journal</hi>, of Jan.
+15, 1881, and January, 1883.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A writer in the <hi rend='italic'>Spiritual Clarion</hi>, in an article
+on <q>The Millennium of Spiritualism,</q> bears the
+following testimony in regard to the power and
+strength of the movement:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>This revelation has been with a power, a might, that if
+divested of its almost universal benevolence, had been a terror
+<pb n='015'/><anchor id='Pg015'/>
+to the very soul; the hair of the very bravest had stood on
+end, and his chilled blood had crept back upon his heart, at
+the sights and sounds of its inexplicable phenomena. It comes
+with foretokening and warning. It has been, from the very
+first, its own best prophet, and step by step, it has foretold
+the progress it would make. It comes, too, most triumphant.
+No faith before it ever took such a victorious stand in its
+very infancy. It has swept like a hurricane of fire through
+the land, compelling faith from the baffled scoffer, and the
+most determined doubter.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Dr. W. F. Barrett, Professor of Experimental
+Physics in the Royal College of Dublin, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>It is well known to those who have made the phenomena
+of Spiritualism the subject of prolonged and careful inquiry,
+in the spirit of exact and unimpassioned scientific research,
+that beneath a repellent mass of imposture and delusion there
+remain certain inexplicable and startling facts which science
+can neither explain away nor deny.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'><q>Automatic, or Spirit,
+Writing,</q> p. 11 (1896).</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In the <hi rend='italic'>Arena</hi> of November, 1892, p. 688, Mr.
+M. J. Savage, the noted Unitarian minister of
+Boston, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Next comes what are ordinarily classed together as
+<q>mediumistic phenomena.</q> The most important of these
+are psychometry, <q>vision</q> of <q>spirit</q> forms, claimed communications
+by means of rappings, table movements, automatic
+writing, independent writing, trance speaking, etc.
+With them also ought to be noted what are generally called
+physical phenomena, though in most cases, since they are
+intelligibly directed, the use of the word <q>physical,</q> without
+this qualification, might be misleading. These physical phenomena
+include such facts as the movement of material
+objects by other than the ordinary muscular force, the
+making objects heavier or lighter when tested by the scales,
+the playing on musical instruments by some invisible power,
+etc.... Now all of these referred to (with the exception
+of independent writing, and materialization) I know to be
+<pb n='016'/><anchor id='Pg016'/>
+genuine. I do not at all mean by this that I know that the
+<q>spiritualistic</q> interpretation of them is the true one. I
+mean only that they are genuine phenomena; that they have
+occurred; that they are not tricks or the result of fraud.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In the <hi rend='italic'>Forum</hi> of December, 1889, p. 455, the
+same writer describes his experience at the house
+of a friend with whom he had been acquainted eight
+or ten years. When about to depart, he thought
+he would try an experiment. He says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>She and I stood at opposite ends of the table at which
+we had been sitting. Both of us having placed the tips of
+our fingers lightly on the top of the table, I spoke, as if
+addressing some unseen force connected with the table, and
+said: <q>Now I must go; will you not accompany me to the
+door?</q> The door was ten or fifteen feet distant, and was
+closed. The table started. It had no casters, and in order
+to make it move as it did, we should have had to go behind
+and push it. As a matter of fact we led it, while it accompanied
+us all the way, and struck against the door with
+considerable force.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+From the same article, p. 456, we quote again:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">I add one more experiment of my own. I sat one day in
+a heavy, stuffed armchair. The psychic sat beside me, and
+laying his hand on the back of the chair, gradually raised it.
+Immediately I felt and saw myself, chair and all, lifted into
+the air at least one foot from the floor. There was no uneven
+motion implying any sense of effort on the part of the lifting
+force; and I was gently lowered again to the carpet. This
+was in broad light, in a hotel parlor, and in presence of a
+keen-eyed lawyer friend. I could plainly watch the whole
+thing. No man living could have lifted me in such a
+position, and besides, I saw that the psychic made not the
+slightest apparent effort. Nor was there any machinery or
+preparation of any kind. My companion, the lawyer, on
+going away, speaking in reference to the whole sitting, said:
+<q>I've seen enough evidence to hang every man in the State&mdash;enough
+to prove <emph>anything excepting this</emph>.</q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='017'/><anchor id='Pg017'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Professor Crookes, of London, relates having seen and
+heard an accordion played on while it was enclosed in a wire
+net-work, and not touched by any visible hand. I have seen
+an approach to the same thing. In daylight I have seen a
+man hold an accordion in the air, not more than three feet
+away from me. He held it by one hand, grasping the side
+opposite to that on which the keys were fixed. In this
+position, it, or something, played long tunes, the side containing
+the keys being pushed in and drawn out without any contact
+that I could see. I then said, <q>Will it not play for me?</q>
+The reply was, <q>I don't know: you can try it.</q> I then took
+the accordion in my hands. There was no music; but what
+did occur was quite as inexplicable to me, and quite as convincing
+as a display of some kind of power. I know not how
+to express it, except by saying that the accordion was seized
+as if by some one trying to take it away from me. To test
+this power, I grasped the instrument with both hands. The
+struggle was as real as though my antagonist was another
+man. I succeeded in keeping it, but only by the most
+strenuous efforts.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>On another occasion I was sitting with a <q>medium.</q>
+I was too far away for him to reach me, even had he tried,
+which he did not do; for he sat perfectly quiet. My knees
+were not under the table, but were where I could see them
+plainly. Suddenly my right knee was grasped as by a hand.
+It was a firm grip. I could feel the print and pressure of all
+the fingers. I said not a word of the strange sensation, but
+quietly put my right hand down and clasped my knee in order
+to see if I could feel anything on my hand. At once I felt
+what seemed like the most delicate finger tips playing over
+my own fingers and gradually rising in their touches toward
+my wrist. When this was reached, I felt a series of clear,
+distinct, and definite pats, as though made by a hand of fleshy
+vigor. I made no motion to indicate what was going on, and
+said not a word until the sensation had passed. All this while
+I was carefully watching my hand, for it was plain daylight,
+and it was in full view; but I saw nothing.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+We need not multiply evidence on this point. A
+remark by T. J. Hudson (<q>Law of Psychic Phenomena,</q>
+<pb n='018'/><anchor id='Pg018'/>
+p. 206, McClurg &amp; Co., Chicago, 1894)
+may fitly close this division of the subject. He
+says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I will not waste time, however, by attempting to prove
+by experiments of my own, or of others, that such phenomena
+do occur. It is too late for that. The facts are too well
+known to the civilized world to require proof at this time.
+The man who denies the phenomena of spiritism to-day is
+not entitled to be called a skeptic, he is simply ignorant;
+and it would be a hopeless task to attempt to enlighten him.</q>
+</quote>
+
+</div>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>A Manifestation of Intelligence.</head>
+
+<p>
+From the testimony already given it is evident
+that there is connected with Spiritualism an agency
+that is able to manifest power and strength beyond
+anything that human beings, unaided, are
+able to exert. It is just as evident that the same
+agency possesses intelligence beyond the power of
+human minds. Indeed, this was the very feature
+that first brought it to the attention of the public.
+Spiritualism, as the reader is doubtless aware, originated
+in the family of Mr. John D. Fox, in Hydesville,
+near Rochester, N. Y., in the spring of 1848.
+Robert Dale Owen, in his work called <q>Footfalls
+on the Boundary of Another World,</q> p. 290, has
+given a full narration of the circumstances attending
+this remarkable event. The particulars, he states,
+he had from Mrs. Fox, and her two daughters, Margaret
+and Kate, and son, David. The attention of
+the family had been attracted by strange noises
+which finally assumed the form of raps, or muffled
+footfalls, and became very annoying. Chairs were
+<pb n='019'/><anchor id='Pg019'/>
+sometimes moved from their places, and this was
+once also the case with the dining-room table.
+Heard occasionally during February, the disturbance
+so increased during the latter part of March, as
+seriously to break the nightly repose of the family.
+But as these annoyances occurred only in the night-time,
+all the family hoped that soon, by some means,
+the mystery would be cleared away. They did not
+abandon this hope till Friday, the 31st of March,
+1848. Wearied by a succession of sleepless nights,
+the family retired early, hoping for a respite from
+the disturbances that had harassed them. In this they
+were doomed to especial disappointment. We can
+do no better than to let Mr. Owen continue the narrative,
+in his own words:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">The parents had removed the children's beds into their
+bedroom, and strictly enjoined them not to talk of noises,
+even if they heard them. But scarcely had the mother seen
+them safely in bed, and was retiring to rest herself, when the
+children cried out, <q>Here they are again!</q> The mother
+chided them, and lay down. Thereupon the noises became
+louder and more startling. The children sat up in bed.
+Mrs. Fox called her husband. The night being windy, it
+was suggested to him that it might be the rattling of the
+sashes. He tried several to see if they were loose. Kate, the
+younger girl, happened to remark that as often as her father
+shook a window-sash, the noises seemed to reply. Being a
+lively child, and in a measure accustomed to what was going
+on, she turned to where the noise was, snapped her fingers,
+and called out, <q>Here, old Splitfoot, do as I do!</q> The knocking
+instantly responded.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><emph>That was the very commencement. Who can tell where the
+end will be?</emph></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">I do not mean that it was Kate Fox, who thus, in
+childish jest, first discovered that these mysterious sounds
+<pb n='020'/><anchor id='Pg020'/>
+seemed instinct with intelligence. Mr. Mompesson, two hundred
+years ago, had already observed a similar phenomenon.
+Glanvil had verified it. So had Wesley, and his children. So
+we have seen, and others. But in all these cases the matter
+rested there and the observation was not prosecuted further.
+As, previous to the invention of the steam engine, sundry
+observers had trodden the very threshold of the discovery and
+there stopped, so in this case, where the royal chaplain,
+disciple though he was of the inductive philosophy, and
+where the founder of Methodism, admitting, as he did, the
+probabilities of ultramundane interference, were both at
+fault, a Yankee girl, but nine years old, following up more in
+sport than in earnest, a chance observation, became the
+instigator of a movement which, whatever its true character,
+has had its influence throughout the civilized world. The
+spark had been ignited,&mdash;once at least two centuries ago; but
+it had died each time without effect. It kindled no flame till
+the middle of the nineteenth century.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">And yet how trifling the step from the observation at
+Tedworth to the discovery at Hydesville! Mr. Mompesson,
+in bed with his little daughter (about Kate's age), whom the
+sound seemed chiefly to follow, <q>observed that it would
+exactly answer, in drumming, anything that was beaten or
+called for.</q> But his curiosity led him no further.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Not so Kate Fox. She tried, by silently bringing together
+her thumb and forefinger; whether she could obtain
+a response. Yes! It could <emph>see</emph>, then, as well as <emph>hear</emph>. She
+called her mother. <q>Only look, mother,</q> she said, bringing
+together again her finger and thumb, as before. And as
+often as she repeated the noiseless motion, just as often
+responded the raps.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">This at once arrested her mother's attention. <q>Count
+ten,</q> she said, addressing the noise. Ten strokes, distinctly
+given! <q>How old is my daughter Margaret?</q> Twelve
+strokes. <q>And Kate?</q> Nine. <q>What can all this mean?</q>
+was Mrs. Fox's thought. Who was answering her? Was it
+only some mysterious echo of her own thought? But the
+next question which she put seemed to refute the idea.
+<q>How many children have I?</q> she asked aloud. Seven
+strokes. <q>Ah!</q> she thought, <q>it can blunder sometimes.</q>
+<pb n='021'/><anchor id='Pg021'/>
+And then aloud, <q>Try again.</q> Still the number of raps was
+seven. Of a sudden a thought crossed Mrs. Fox's mind.
+<q>Are they all alive?</q> she asked. Silence for answer. <q>How
+many are living?</q> Six strokes. <q>How many are dead?</q> A
+single stroke. <emph>She had lost a child.</emph></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Then she asked, <q>Are you a man?</q> No answer. <q>Are
+you a spirit?</q> It rapped. <q>May my neighbors hear, if I call
+them?</q> It rapped again.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Thereupon she asked her husband to call her neighbor,
+a Mrs. Redfield, who came in laughing. But her cheer was
+soon changed. The answers to her inquiries were as prompt
+and pertinent, as they had been to those of Mrs. Fox. She
+was struck with awe; and when, in reply to a question about
+the number of her children, by rapping four, instead of three,
+as she expected, it reminded her of a little daughter, Mary,
+whom she had recently lost, the mother burst into tears.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+We have introduced this narrative thus at length
+not only because it is interesting in itself, but because
+it is of special interest that all the particulars
+of the origin, or beginning, of such a movement as
+this, should be well understood. The following
+paragraph will explain how it came to be called
+<q>The Rochester Knockings,</q> under which name it
+first became widely known. It is from the <q>Report
+of the 37th Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism,</q>
+held in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 31, 1885, and
+reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>, the 25th of the
+following month:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">After a song by J. T. Lillie, Mrs. Leah Fox Underhill,
+the elder of the three Fox sisters (who was on our platform),
+was requested to speak. Mrs. Underhill said that she was
+not a public speaker, but would answer any questions from
+the audience, and in response to these questions told in a
+graphic manner how the spirits came to their humble home
+in Hydesville, in 1848; how on the 31st of March the first
+intelligent communication from the spirit world came
+<pb n='022'/><anchor id='Pg022'/>
+through the raps; how the family had been annoyed by the
+manifestations, and by the notoriety that followed; how
+the younger sisters, Catherine and Margaret, were taken to
+Rochester, where she lived, by their mother, hoping that this
+great and apparent calamity might pass from them; how
+their father and mother prayed that this cup might be taken
+away, but the phenomena became more marked and violent;
+how in the morning they would find four coffins drawn with
+an artistic hand on the door of the dining-room of her home
+in Rochester, of different sizes, approximating to the ages and
+sizes of the family, and these were lined with a pink color,
+and they were told that unless they made this great fact
+known, they would all speedily die, and enter the spirit-world.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Gladly would they all have accepted this penalty for
+their disobedience in not making this truth known to the
+world. She told how they were compelled to hire Corinthian
+Hall in Rochester; how several public meetings were held
+in Rochester, culminating in the selection of a committee
+of prominent infidels, who, after submitting the Fox children
+to the most severe tests,&mdash;they being disrobed in the presence
+of a committee of ladies,&mdash;reported in their favor.... All
+the time she was on our platform, there was a continuous
+rapping by the spirits in response to what was being said by
+the several speakers, also in response to the singing, and all
+our exercises.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In the same volume of the <hi rend='italic'>Forum</hi> from which
+quotations have already been made, M. J. Savage
+states many facts which have a determinate bearing
+on the point now under consideration; namely, the
+intelligence manifested in the spiritual phenomena.
+From these we quote a few. He says (p. 452 and
+onward):&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">I am in possession of quite a large body of apparent
+facts that I do not know what to do with.... That certain
+things to me inexplicable have occurred, I believe. The
+negative opinion of some one with whom no such things have
+<pb n='023'/><anchor id='Pg023'/>
+occurred, will not satisfy me.... I am ready to submit
+some specimens of those things that constitute my problem.
+They can be only specimens; for a detailed account of even
+half of those I have laid by, would stretch to the limits of
+a book.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>A merchant ship bound for New York was on her homeward
+voyage. She was in the Indian Ocean. The captain
+was engaged to be married to a lady living in New England.
+One day early in the afternoon he came, pale and excited, to
+one of his mates, and exclaimed, <q>Tom, Kate has just died! I
+have seen her die!</q> The mate looked at him in amazement,
+not knowing what to make of such talk. But the captain
+went on and described the whole scene&mdash;the room, her
+appearance, how she died, and all the circumstances. So
+real was it to him, and such was the effect on him, of his
+grief, that for two or three weeks, he was carefully watched
+lest he should do violence to himself. It was more than
+one hundred and fifty days before the ship reached her
+harbor. During all this time no news was received from
+home. But when at last the ship arrived at New York, it
+was found that Kate did die at the time and under the circumstances
+seen and described by the captain off the coast
+of India. This is only one case out of hundreds. What does
+it mean? Coincidence? Just happened so? This might be
+said of one; but a hundred of such coincidences become
+inexplicable.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The following is another instance mentioned by
+the same writer:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I went to the house of a woman in New York. She was
+not a professional. We had never seen each other before.
+We took seats in the parlor for a talk, I not looking for any
+manifestation. Raps began. I do not say whether they were
+really where they seemed to be or not; I know right well
+that the judgment is subject to illusion through the senses.
+But I was told a <q>spirit friend</q> was present; and soon the
+name, time, and place of death, etc., were given me. It was
+the name of a friend I had once known intimately. But
+twenty years had passed since the old intimacy; she had
+lived in another State; I am certain that she and the
+<pb n='024'/><anchor id='Pg024'/>
+psychic had never known or even heard of each other. She
+had died within a few months.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Mr. Savage then gives examples where the power
+in question was exclusively mental:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The first time I was ever in the presence of a particular
+psychic, she went into a trance. She had never seen, and, so
+far as I know, had never had any way of hearing of my
+father, who had died some years previously. When I was a
+boy, he always called me by a special name that was never
+used by any other member of the family. In later years he
+hardly ever used it. But the entranced psychic said: <q>An
+old gentleman is here,</q> and she described certain very marked
+peculiarities. Then she added: <q>He says he is your father,
+and he calls you &mdash;&mdash;,</q> using the old childhood name of mine.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Again, same page:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>One case more, only, will I mention under this head.
+A most intimate friend of my youth had recently died. She
+had lived in another State, and the psychic did not know
+that such a person had ever existed. We were sitting alone
+when this old friend announced her presence. It was in this
+way: A letter of two pages was automatically written,
+addressed to me. I thought to myself as I read it,&mdash;I did
+not speak,&mdash;<q>Were it possible, I should feel sure she had written
+this.</q> I then said, as though speaking to her, <q>Will you
+not give me your name?</q> It was given, both maiden and
+married name. I then began a conversation lasting over an
+hour, which seemed as real as any I ever have with my
+friends. She told me of her children, of her sisters. We
+talked over the events of boyhood and girlhood. I asked her
+if she remembered a book we used to read together, and she
+gave me the author's name. I asked again if she remembered
+the particular poem we were both specially fond of,
+and she named it at once. In the letter that was written,
+and in much of the conversation, there were apparent hints
+of identity, little touches and peculiarities that would mean
+much to an acquaintance, but nothing to a stranger. I could
+not but be much impressed. Now in this case, I know that
+<pb n='025'/><anchor id='Pg025'/>
+the psychic never knew of this person's existence, and of
+course not of our acquaintance.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Mr. Savage then mentions cases which he calls
+still more inexplicable, because the information conveyed
+was not known either to the psychic (which
+seems to be the new name for medium) or to himself.
+He says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">But one more case dare I take the space for, though the
+budget is only opened. This one did not happen to me, but
+it is so hedged about and checked off, that its evidential
+value in a scientific way is absolutely perfect. The names
+of some of the parties concerned <emph>would be recognized in two
+hemispheres</emph>. A lady and gentleman visited a psychic. The
+gentleman was the lady's brother-in-law. The lady had an
+aunt who was ill in a city two or three hundred miles away.
+When the psychic had become entranced, the lady asked her
+if she had any impression as to the condition of her aunt.
+The reply was, <q>No.</q> But before the sitting was over, the
+psychic exclaimed, <q>Why, your aunt is here! She has already
+passed away.</q> <q>This cannot be true,</q> said the lady;
+<q>there must be a mistake. If she had died, they would have
+telegraphed us immediately.</q> <q>But,</q> the psychic insisted,
+<q>she is here. And she explains that she died about two
+o'clock this morning. She also says that a telegram has been
+sent, and you will find it at the house on your return.</q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Here seemed a clear case for a test. So while the lady
+started for her home, her brother-in-law called at the house
+of a friend and told the story. While there the husband
+came in. Having been away for some hours he had not
+heard of any telegram. But the friend seated himself at his
+desk and wrote out a careful account, which all three signed
+on the spot. When they reached home,&mdash;two or three miles
+away,&mdash;there was the telegram confirming the fact and the
+time of the aunt's death, precisely as the psychic had
+told them.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Here are most wonderful facts. How shall they be
+accounted for? I have not trusted my memory for these
+things, but have made careful record at the time. I know
+<pb n='026'/><anchor id='Pg026'/>
+many other records of a similar kind kept by others. They
+are kept private. Why? The late Rev. J. G. Wood, of
+England, the world-famous naturalist, once said to me: <q>I
+am glad to talk of these things to any one who has a right
+to know. But I used to call everybody a fool who had anything
+to do with them; and with a smile&mdash;<q>I do not enjoy
+being called a fool.</q></q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Psychic and other societies that advertise for strange
+phenomena, must learn that at least a respectful treatment
+is to be accorded, or people will not lay bare their secret
+souls. And then, in the very nature of the case, these
+experiments concern matters of the most personal nature.
+Many of the most striking cases people will not make public.
+In some of those above related, I have had so to veil facts,
+that they do not appear as remarkable as they really are.
+The whole cannot be told.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+A quotation from this same writer (<q>Automatic
+Writing,</q> page 14), says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I am in possession of a respectable body of facts that I
+do not know how to explain except on the theory that I am
+dealing with some invisible intelligence. I hold that as the
+only tenable theory I am acquainted with.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In the same work (page 19), the author, Mrs.
+S. A. Underwood, as the result of her communications
+from spirits, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Detailed statements of facts unknown to either of us
+[that is, herself and her <q>control</q>], but which weeks afterward
+were learned to be correct, have been written, and repeated
+again and again, when disbelieved and contradicted
+by us.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+On this point, also, as on the preceding, testimony
+need not be multiplied. The facts are too well
+known and too generally admitted to warrant the
+devotion of further space to a presentation of the
+<pb n='027'/><anchor id='Pg027'/>
+evidence. <emph>The question must soon be met, What is
+the source of the power and intelligence thus manifested?</emph>
+But this may properly be held in abeyance
+till we take a glance at:
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>The Progress of Spiritualism.</head>
+
+<p>
+during the fifty years of its modern history. It
+began in a way to excite the wonder and curiosity
+of the people, the very elements that would give
+wings to its progress through the land. Men suddenly
+found their thoughts careering through new
+channels. An unseen world seemed to make known
+its presence and invite investigation. As the phenomena
+claimed to be due to the direct agency of
+spirits, the movement naturally assumed the name
+of <q>Spiritualism.</q> It was then hailed by multitudes
+as a new and living teacher, come to clear up
+uncertainties and to dispel doubts from the minds of
+men. At least an irrepressible curiosity was everywhere
+excited to know what the new <q>ism</q> would
+teach concerning that invisible world which it professed
+to have come to open to the knowledge of
+mankind. Everywhere men sought by what means
+they could come into communication with the spirit
+realm. Into whatever place the news entered,
+circles were formed, and the number of converts
+outstripped the pen of the enroller. It gathered
+adherents from every walk of life&mdash;from the higher
+classes as well as the lower; the educated, cultured,
+and refined, as well as the uncultivated and ignorant;
+from ministers, lawyers, physicians, judges,
+<pb n='028'/><anchor id='Pg028'/>
+teachers, government officials, and all the professions.
+But the individuals thus interested, being
+of too diverse and independent views to agree upon
+any permanent basis for organization, the data for
+numerical statistics are difficult to procure. Various
+estimates, however, of their numbers have been
+formed. As long ago as 1876, computations of the
+number of Spiritualists in the United States ranged
+from 3,000,000 by Hepworth Dixon, to 10,000,000
+by the Roman Catholic council at Baltimore. Only
+five years from the time the first convert to Modern
+Spiritualism appeared, Judge Edmonds, himself an
+enthusiastic convert, said of their numbers:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Besides the undistinguished multitudes, there are many
+now of high standing and talent ranked among them,&mdash;doctors,
+lawyers, and clergymen in great numbers, a Protestant
+bishop, the learned and reverend president of a college,
+judges of our higher courts, members of Congress, foreign
+ambassadors, and ex-members of the United States Senate.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Up to the present time, it is not probable that
+the number of Spiritualists has been much reduced
+by apostasies from the faith, if such it may be
+called; while the movement itself has been growing
+more prominent and becoming more widely
+known every year. The conclusion would therefore
+inevitably follow that its adherents must
+now be more numerous than ever before. A
+letter addressed by the writer to the publishers
+of the <hi rend='italic'>Philosophical Journal</hi>, Chicago, on this
+point, received the following reply, dated Dec.
+24, 1895:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<pb n='029'/><anchor id='Pg029'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Being unorganized, largely, no reliable figures can be
+given. Many thousands are in the churches, and are counted
+there. It is <emph>claimed</emph> that there are about five million in the
+United States, and over fifty million in the world.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The <hi rend='italic'>Christian at Work</hi> of Aug. 17, 1876, under
+the head of <q>Witches and Fools,</q> said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>But we do not know how many judges, bankers, merchants,
+prominent men in nearly every occupation in life,
+there are, who make it a constant practice to visit clairvoyants,
+sightseers, and so-called Spiritual mediums; yet it can
+scarcely be doubted that their name is legion; that not only
+the unreligious man, but professing Christians, men and
+women, are in the habit of consulting spirits from the vasty
+deep for information concerning both the dead and the living.
+Many who pass for intelligent people, who would be shocked
+to have their Christianity called in question, are constantly
+engaged in this disreputable business.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The following appeared some years ago, in the
+San Francisco <hi rend='italic'>Chronicle</hi>:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Until quite recently, science has coldly ignored the
+alleged phenomena of Spiritualism, and treated Andrew Jackson
+Davis, Home, and the Davenport brothers, as if they
+belonged to the common fraternity of showmen and mountebanks.
+But now there has come a most noteworthy change.
+We learn from such high authority as the <hi rend='italic'>Fortnightly Review</hi>
+that Alfred R. Wallace, F. R. S.; William Crookes, F. R. S.
+and editor of the <hi rend='italic'>Quarterly Journal of Science</hi>; W. H. Harrison,
+F. R. S. and president of the British Ethnological
+Society, with others occupying a high position in the scientific
+and literary world, have been seriously investigating the
+phenomena of spiritism. The report which those learned
+gentlemen make is simply astounding. There is no fairy tale,
+no story of myth or miracle, that is more incredible than their
+narrative. They tell us in grave and sober speech, that the
+spirit of a girl who died a hundred years ago, appeared to
+them in visible form. She talked with them, gave them locks
+of her hair, pieces of her dress, and her autograph. They
+<pb n='030'/><anchor id='Pg030'/>
+saw her in bodily presence, felt her person, heard her voice;
+she entered the room in which they were, and disappeared
+without the opening of a door. The savants declare that
+they have had numerous interviews with her under conditions
+forbidding the idea of trickery or imposture.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Now that men eminent in the scientific world have
+taken up the investigation, Spiritualism has entered upon a
+new phase. It can no longer be treated with silent contempt.
+Mr. Wallace's articles in the <hi rend='italic'>Fortnightly</hi> have attracted general
+attention, and many of the leading English reviews and
+newspapers are discussing the matter. The New York <hi rend='italic'>World</hi>
+devotes three columns of its space to a summary of the last
+article in the <hi rend='italic'>Fortnightly</hi>, and declares editorially that the
+<q>phenomena</q> thus attested <q>deserve the rigid scientific
+examination which Mr. Wallace invites for them.</q> This is
+treating the matter in the right way. Let all the well-attested
+facts be collected, and then let us see what conclusions they
+justify. If spirit communication is a fact, it is certainly
+a most interesting one. In the language which the World
+attributes to John Bright, <q>If it is a fact, it is the one besides
+which every other fact of human existence sinks into insignificance.</q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+One of the reasons why it would be quite impossible
+to state the number of real Spiritualists in our
+land to-day has already been hinted at in a foregoing
+extract. It is that <q>many thousands,</q> and we
+think the number might in all probability be raised
+to millions, who are in reality Spiritualists, do not
+go by that name. They are in the various churches,
+and are counted there. Yet they believe the phenomena
+of Spiritualism, accept its teachings in their
+own minds, and quietly and constantly, as the <hi rend='italic'>Christian
+at Work</hi> avers, consult clairvoyants and mediums,
+in quest of knowledge. The grosser features of the
+teachings of Spiritualism which were painfully prominent
+<pb n='031'/><anchor id='Pg031'/>
+in its earlier stages, which there is no reason
+to believe are discountenanced or abandoned either
+in theory or practice, are relegated to an invisible
+background, while in its outward aspect it now poses
+in the attitude of piety and the garb of religion. It
+even professes to adopt some of the more prominent
+and popular doctrines of Christianity. In this phase
+the average churchgoer cannot see why he may not
+accept all that Spiritualism has to give, and still
+retain his denominational relationship. Besides this,
+the coming to light, every now and then, of the fact
+that some person of national or world-wide fame is
+a Spiritualist, adds popularity and gives a new
+impetus to the movement. Such instances may be
+named as the founder of the Leland Stanford University,
+of California; the widow of ex-Vice-President
+Hendricks, of Indiana, who, it is said, is carrying
+on some very successful financial transactions by
+direction from the spirit world; and Mr. W. T. Stead,
+London editor of the <hi rend='italic'>Review of Reviews</hi>, who, in
+1893 started a new quarterly, called <hi rend='italic'>The Border
+Land</hi>, to be devoted to the advocacy of the philosophy
+of Spiritualism, which he had then but recently
+espoused. In other countries it has invaded the
+ranks of the nobility, and even seated itself on the
+thrones of monarchs. The late royal houses of
+France, Spain, and Russia are said, by current
+rumor, to have sought the spirits for knowledge.
+No cause could covet more rapid and wide-spread
+success than this has enjoyed.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='032'/><anchor id='Pg032'/>
+
+<div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<index index="toc" level1="Chapter Two. What is the Agency in Question?"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="Chapter Two."/>
+<head type="sub">Chapter Two.</head>
+<head>What is the Agency in Question?</head>
+
+<p>
+Having now shown that there are connected with
+Spiritualism supermundane phenomena that
+cannot be denied, and equally evident superhuman
+intelligence, sufficient to give to the movement unprecedented
+recognition in all the world, the way
+is open for the most important question that can be
+raised concerning it, and one which now demands
+an answer; and that is, What is the agency by
+which these phenomena are produced, and by which
+this intelligence is manifested? This question must
+be examined with the utmost care, and, if possible,
+a decision be reached of the most assuring certainty;
+for, as Mr. M. J. Savage says, <q>Spiritualism
+is either a grand truth or a most lamentable
+delusion.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is proper that the claim which Spiritualism puts
+forth for itself, in this regard, should first be heard.
+This is so well known that it scarcely need be stated.
+It is that there is in every human being a soul, or
+spirit, which constitutes the real person; that this
+soul, or spirit, is immortal; that it manifests itself
+through a tangible body during this earth life, and
+when that body dies, passes unscathed into the unseen
+world, into an enlarged sphere of life, activity, and
+<pb n='033'/><anchor id='Pg033'/>
+intelligence; that in this sphere it can still take cognizance
+of earthly things, and communicate with
+those still in the flesh, respecting scenes which it has
+left, and those more interesting conditions still veiled
+from mortal sight; that it is by these disembodied,
+or <q>discarnated</q> spirits that raps are given, objects
+moved, intelligence manifested, secrets revealed,
+slates written, voices uttered, faces shown, and epistles
+addressed to mortals, as friend would write to
+friend. If this be true, it opens what would indeed
+be considered a grand avenue of consolation to
+bereaved hearts, by giving them evidence that their
+departed friends still lived; that they recognized,
+loved, and accompanied them, and delighted still to
+counsel and instruct them. If not true, it is a masterpiece
+of superhuman craft and cunning; for it
+takes Christendom on the side where it is least
+guarded; as the view is everywhere held that the
+dead are conscious, and the only question would be
+as to their power to communicate with persons still
+living in the body; and it throws its arms around
+the individual when the heart is the most tender,
+when plunged into a condition in which every pang
+of bereaved sorrow, every tie of affection, and every
+throb of love, press him to crave with all his being
+that communication with the dead may be proved a
+fact, and to constrain him to accept the doctrine, unless
+kept from it by some power stronger than the
+cords that bind heart to heart in deathless love. If
+it be a deception, it occupies a vantage ground before
+which men may well tremble.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='034'/><anchor id='Pg034'/>
+
+<p>
+But, as has been already stated, the question is
+here to be discussed from the standpoint of the Bible;
+the Bible is to be taken as the standard of authority
+by which all conflicting claims respecting the nature
+of man, must be decided. The authenticity of the
+Scriptures, in reference to those who deny their
+authority, is an antecedent question, into the discussion
+of which it is not the province of this
+little work to enter. A word, however, by way
+of digression, may be allowed in reference to its
+authorship.
+</p>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>Credentials of the Bible.</head>
+
+<p>
+1. The Bible claims to be the word of God.
+Those who wrote it assert that they wrote as they
+<q>were moved by the Holy Ghost;</q> and they
+append to what they utter, a <q>Thus saith the Lord.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+2. If it is not what it claims to be, it is an <emph>imposture</emph>
+invented by <emph>deceivers</emph> and <emph>liars</emph>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+3. <emph>Good</emph> men would not deceive and lie; therefore
+they were not the ones who invented the Bible.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+4. If, therefore, it was invented by men at all, it
+must have been invented by <emph>bad</emph> men.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+5. All liars and religious impostors are bad men;
+but&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<p>
+6. The Bible repeatedly and most explicitly forbids
+lying and imposture, under the threatening of
+most condign punishment.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+7. Would, therefore, liars and impostors invent
+a book which more than any other book ever written,
+denounces lying and imposture, thus condemning
+<pb n='035'/><anchor id='Pg035'/>
+themselves to the severest judgments of God, and at
+last to eternal death?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+8. If, then, the Bible is not the invention of
+good men,&mdash;because such men would not lie and
+deceive; nor of evil men,&mdash;because such men
+would not condemn themselves; nor of good or evil
+angels, for the same reasons, who else can be its
+author, but he who claims to be, that is, the living
+God?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+9. If, therefore, from the very nature of the case,
+it must be God's book, why not believe it, and
+obey it?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To return: Appeal is therefore made to the
+Bible; and the object is to learn what the Bible
+teaches about Spiritualism. When the claim is put
+forth that it is the disembodied spirits of dead men
+who make the communications, the Bible reader is at
+once aware of a conflict of claims. In times when
+the Bible was written, there were practices among
+men which went under the names of <q>enchantment,</q>
+<q>sorcery,</q> <q>witchcraft,</q> <q>necromancy,</q>
+<q>divination,</q> <q>consulting with familiar spirits,</q>
+etc. These practices were all more or less related,
+but some of them bear an unmistakable meaning.
+Thus, <q>necromancy</q> is defined to mean <q>a pretended
+communication with the dead.</q> A <q>familiar
+spirit</q> was <q>a spirit or demon supposed to attend
+on an individual, or to come at his call; the invisible
+agent of a necromancer's will.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Century Dictionary.</hi>
+Spiritualists do not deny that their intercourse
+with the invisible world comes under some, at
+<pb n='036'/><anchor id='Pg036'/>
+least, of these heads. But all such practices the
+Bible explicitly forbids.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Deut. 18:9-12: <q>There shall not be found
+among you any one that maketh his son or his
+daughter to pass through the fire, or that useth
+divination, or an observer of times, or an enchanter,
+or a witch, or a charmer, or a consulter with <emph>familiar
+spirits</emph>, or a wizard, or a <emph>necromancer</emph>. For all that
+do these things are an abomination unto the Lord.</q>
+Lev. 19:31: <q>Regard not them that have familiar
+spirits, neither seek after wizards, to be defiled by
+them: I am the Lord your God.</q> See also, 2
+Kings 21:2, 6, 9, 11; Rev. 21:8; Gal. 5:19-21;
+Acts 16:16-18; etc. Thus plainly in both the Old
+and New Testaments, are these practices forbidden.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>An Impossibility.</head>
+
+<p>
+But why does the Bible forbid such practices as
+necromancy, or a <q>pretended</q> communication with
+the dead?&mdash;Because it would be only a pretense at
+best; for such communication is impossible. The
+dead are unconscious in their graves, and have no
+power to communicate with the living. Let this
+truth be once established, and it is the death-blow to
+the claims of Spiritualism, in the cases of all who
+will receive it. Allusion has already been made to
+a popular and wide-spread dogma in the Christian
+church which furnishes a basis for Spiritualism. It
+is that the soul is immortal, and that the dead are
+conscious. Spirits make known their presence, and
+claim to be the spirits of persons who have once lived
+<pb n='037'/><anchor id='Pg037'/>
+here in human bodies. Now if the Bible teaches
+that there is no such thing as a disembodied human
+spirit, a knowledge of that fact would enable one to
+detect at once the imposture of any intelligence
+which from behind the curtain should claim to be
+such spirit. Any spirit seeking the attention of men
+in this life, and claiming to be what the Bible says
+does not exist, comes with a falsehood on its lips or
+in its raps, if the Bible is true, and thus reveals its
+real character to be that of a deceiver. In this case
+the Bible believer is armed against the imposture.
+No man likes to be fooled. No matter therefore
+how nice the communicating intelligence may seem,
+how many true things it may say, or how many good
+things it may promise, the conviction cannot be
+evaded that no real good can be intended or conferred
+by any spirit, or whatever it may be, masquerading
+under the garb of falsehood, or pretending to
+be what it is not. On such a foundation no stable
+superstructure can be reared. It becomes a death-trap,
+sure to collapse and involve in ruin all those
+who trust therein.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is very desirable that the reader comprehend
+the full importance of the doctrine, as related to this
+subject, that the dead are unconscious and that they
+have no power to communicate with the living.
+This being established, it sweeps away at one stroke
+the entire foundation of Spiritualism. Evidence will
+now be presented to show that this is a Bible doctrine;
+and wherever this is received, the fabric of
+Spiritualism from base to finial falls; it cannot
+<pb n='038'/><anchor id='Pg038'/>
+possibly stand. But where the doctrine prevails
+that only the thin veil that limits our mortal vision,
+separates us from a world full of the conscious,
+intelligent spirits of those who have departed this
+life, Spiritualism has the field, beyond the possibility
+of dislodgment. When one believes that he has
+disembodied spirit friends all about him, how can
+he question that they are able to communicate with
+him? and when some unseen intelligence makes its
+presence known, and claims to be one of those
+friends, and refers to facts or scenes, known only to
+them two, how can the living dispute the claim?
+How can he refuse to accept a claim, which, on his
+own hypothesis, there is no conceivable reason to
+deny? But if the spirits are not what they claim
+to be, how shall the inexplicable phenomena attending
+their manifestations be explained?&mdash;The Bible
+brings to view other agencies, not the so-called
+spirits of the departed, to whose working all that
+has ever been manifested which to mortal vision
+is mysterious and inexplicable, may be justly attributed.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>The Soul Not Immortal.</head>
+
+<p>
+Spiritualism declares it to be the great object of
+its mission, to prove the immortality of the soul,
+which, it says, is not taught in the Scriptures with
+sufficient clearness, and is not otherwise demonstrated.
+It well attributes to the Scriptures a lack
+of plain teaching in support of that dogma; and it
+would have stated more truth, if it had said that the
+<pb n='039'/><anchor id='Pg039'/>
+Scriptures nowhere countenance such a doctrine at
+all. But, it is said, the Scriptures are full of the
+terms, <q>soul</q> and <q>spirit.</q> Very true; but they
+nowhere use those terms to designate such a part
+of man as in common parlance, and in popular theology,
+they have come to mean. The fact is, the
+popular concept of the <q>soul</q> and <q>spirit</q> has
+been formulated entirely outside the Bible. Sedulously,
+unremittingly, for six thousand years, the
+idea has been inculcated in the minds of men, from
+the cradle to the grave, that man is a dual being,
+consisting of an outward body which dies, and an
+inward being called <q>soul,</q> or <q>spirit,</q> which does
+not die, but passes to higher spirit life, when the
+body goes into the grave. The father of this doctrine
+is rarely referred to by its believers, as authority,
+possibly through a little feeling of embarrassment
+as to its parentage; for he it was who announced
+it to our first parents in these words: <q>Ye shall
+not surely die!</q> Gen. 3:4. When men began to
+die, it was a shrewd stroke of policy on the part of
+him who had promised them that they should not
+die, to try to prove to those who remained that the
+others had not really died, but only changed conditions.
+It is no marvel that he should try to make
+men believe that they possessed an immaterial, immortal
+entity that could not die; but, in view of the
+ghastly experiences of the passing years, it is the
+marvel of marvels that he should have succeeded so
+well. The trouble now is that men take these
+meanings which have been devised and fostered into
+<pb n='040'/><anchor id='Pg040'/>
+stupendous strength outside the pale of Bible teaching,
+and attach them to the Bible terms of <q>soul</q>
+and <q>spirit.</q> In other words, the mongrel pago-papal
+theology which has grown up in Christendom,
+lets the Bible furnish the terms, and paganism the
+definitions. But from the Bible standpoint, these
+definitions do not belong there; they are foreign to
+the truth, and the Bible does not recognize them.
+They are as much out of place as was the inventor
+of them himself in the garden of Eden. Let the
+Bible furnish its own definitions to its own terms,
+and all will be clear. The opinion of John Milton,
+the celebrated author of Paradise Lost, is worthy of
+note. In his <q>Treatise on Christian Doctrine,</q>
+Vol. I, pp. 250, 251, he says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Man is a living being, intrinsically and properly one
+individual, not compound and separable, not, according to
+the common opinion, made up and framed of two distinct
+and different natures, as of body and soul, but the whole man
+is soul, and the soul, man; that is to say, a body or substance,
+individual, animated, sensitive, and rational.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In this sense the word is employed many times;
+but whoever will trace the use of the words <q>soul</q>
+and <q>spirit</q> through the Bible, will find them
+applied also to a great variety of objects; as, person,
+mind, heart, body (in the expression <q>a dead body</q>),
+will, lust, appetite, breath, creature, pleasure, desire,
+anger, courage, blast, etc., etc., in all nearly fifty
+different ways. But it is a fact which should be
+especially noted, that in not a single instance is there
+the least hint given that anything expressed by these
+<pb n='041'/><anchor id='Pg041'/>
+terms is capable of existing for a single moment, as
+a conscious entity, or in any other condition, <emph>without
+the body</emph>! This being so, none of these, according
+to the Bible, are the agency claimed to be present
+in Spiritualism.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Another fact in reference to this point, should
+be allowed its decisive bearing. The question now
+under investigation is, Is the soul immortal, as Spiritualism
+has taken upon itself to teach, and claims
+to demonstrate? The Bible is found to be so lavish
+in the use of the terms <q>soul</q> and <q>spirit,</q> that
+these words occur in the aggregate, <emph>seventeen hundred
+times</emph>. Seventeen hundred times, by way of description,
+analysis, narrative, historical facts, or declarations
+of what they can do, or suffer, the Bible has
+something to say about <q>soul</q> and <q>spirit.</q> The
+most important question to be settled concerning
+them, certainly, is whether they are immortal or not.
+Will not the Bible, so freely treating of these terms,
+answer this question? Very strange, indeed, if it
+does not. But does it once affirm that either the
+soul or the spirit is immortal?&mdash;<emph>Not once!</emph> Does
+it ever apply to them the terms <q>eternal,</q> <q>deathless,</q>
+<q>neverdying,</q> or any word that bears the
+necessary meaning of immortal?&mdash;Not in a single
+instance. Does it apply to them any term from
+which even an inference, necessary or remote, can
+be drawn that they are immortal? Even reduced to
+this attenuated form, the answer is still an emphatic
+and overwhelming, <emph>No!</emph> Well, then, does it say
+<emph>anything</emph> about the nature and capabilities of existence
+<pb n='042'/><anchor id='Pg042'/>
+of that which it denominates soul or spirit?&mdash;Yes;
+it says the soul is in danger of the grave, may
+die, be destroyed, killed, and that the spirit may be
+wounded, cut off, preserved, and so, conversely,
+made to perish.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is sometimes claimed that it is not necessary
+that the Bible should affirm the immortality of the
+soul, because it is so self-evident a fact that it is taken
+for granted. But no one surely can suppose that
+the immortality of the soul is more self-evident than
+that of Jehovah; yet the Bible has seen fit to affirm
+his immortality in most direct terms. 1 Tim. 1:17:
+<q>Now unto the King eternal, <emph>immortal</emph>, invisible,
+the only wise God, be honor and glory forever and
+ever. Amen.</q> 1 Tim. 6:16: <q>Who only hath
+<emph>immortality</emph>, dwelling in the light which no man
+can approach unto; whom no man hath seen, nor
+can see: to whom be honor and power everlasting.
+Amen.</q> Let, then, similar Bible testimony
+be found concerning the soul; that is, that it is
+<q>immortal,</q> or <q>hath immortality,</q> and the taken-for-granted
+device will not be needed.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='043'/><anchor id='Pg043'/>
+
+<div rend="page-break-befire: always">
+<index index="toc" level1="Chapter Three. The Dead Unconscious."/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="Chapter Three."/>
+<head type="sub">Chapter Three.</head>
+<head>The Dead Unconscious.</head>
+
+<p>
+From the fact now established that the soul is
+not immortal, it would follow as an inevitable
+conclusion, that the dead are not conscious in the
+intermediate state, and consequently cannot act
+the part attributed to them in modern Spiritualism.
+But there are some positive statements to which
+the reader's attention should be called, and some
+instances supposed to prove the conscious state
+which should be noticed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+1. <hi rend='italic'>The Dead Know not Anything.</hi>&mdash;As a sample
+of the way the Bible speaks upon this question, let
+the reader turn to the words of Solomon, in Eccl.
+9:5, 6, 10: <q>For the living know that they shall
+die: but the dead know not anything, neither have
+they any more a reward; for the memory of them
+is forgotten. Also their love, and their hatred, and
+their envy, is now perished; neither have they any
+more a portion for ever in anything that is done
+under the sun.... Whatsoever thy hand findeth
+to do, do it with thy might; for there is no work,
+nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in the
+grave, whither thou goest.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This language is addressed to the real, living,
+intelligent, responsible man; and how could it be
+<pb n='044'/><anchor id='Pg044'/>
+plainer? On the hypothesis of the commonly believed
+distinction between the soul and the body,
+this must be addressed to the soul; for the body
+considered as the mere material instrument through
+which the soul acts, is not supposed of itself to know
+anything. The body, as a body, independent of the
+soul, does not know that it shall die; but it is that
+which knows, while one is alive, that it shall die&mdash;it
+is that same intelligent being that, when dead,
+knows not anything. But the spirits in Spiritualism
+do know many things in their condition; therefore
+they are not those who have once lived on this earth,
+and passed off through death; for such, once dead,
+this scripture affirms, know not anything&mdash;they are
+in a condition in which there is <q>no work, nor device,
+nor knowledge, nor wisdom.</q> This is a plain,
+straightforward, literal statement; there is no mistaking
+its meaning; and if it is true, then it is not
+true that the unseen agents working through Spiritualism,
+are the spirits of the dead.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+2. <hi rend='italic'>The Spirit Returns to God.</hi>&mdash;Another passage
+from the same writer and the same book, may
+recur to the mind of the reader, as expressing a
+different and contradictory thought. Eccl. 12:7.
+<q>Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was:
+and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it.</q>
+A careful analysis of this passage reveals no support
+for Spiritualism; for it does not say that the spirit,
+on returning to God, is conscious, or is capable of
+coming back and communicating with mortals. It is
+not denied that different component parts enter into
+<pb n='045'/><anchor id='Pg045'/>
+the constitution of man; and that these parts may
+be separated. Solomon himself may therefore tell
+us what he means by the term <q>spirit</q> which he
+here uses. He employs the same word in chapter.
+3:21 of this same book, but says that beasts have
+it as well as men. And then in verse 19, he explains
+what he means, by saying that they (man
+and the lower animals) <emph>all</emph> have one <emph>breath</emph>. The
+record of man's creation in Gen. 2:7, shows that a
+vitalizing principle, called the <q>breath of life,</q> was
+necessary to be imparted to the organized body, before
+man became a living being; and this breath of
+life, as common to man and to all breathing animals,
+is described in Gen. 7:21, 22, by the term רוח
+(<hi rend='italic'>ruahh</hi>), the same word that is used for <q>breath,</q>
+in Eccl. 3:19, <q>spirit,</q> in verse 21, and <q>the
+spirit,</q> which God gave to man, and which returns
+to God, in chapter 12:7. Thus it is clear that reference
+is here made simply to the <q>breath of life</q>
+which God at first imparted to man, to make him a
+living being, and which he withdraws to himself, in
+the hour of man's death. Job states the same fact,
+and describes the process, in chapter 34:14, 15:
+<q>If he [God] set his heart upon man, if he gather
+<emph>unto himself</emph> his [man's] spirit [same word] and his
+breath; ... man shall turn again unto dust.</q> No
+one can fail to see here that Job refers to the same
+event of which Solomon speaks.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And at this point the question may as well be
+raised, and answered, Whence comes this spirit
+which is claimed to be the real man, capable of an
+<pb n='046'/><anchor id='Pg046'/>
+independent and superior existence without the
+body? Bodies come into existence by natural generation;
+but whence comes the spirit? Is it a part
+of the body? If so, it cannot be immortal; for
+<q>that which is born of the flesh is flesh.</q> John
+3:6. Is it supplied to human beings at birth? If
+so, is there a great storehouse, somewhere, of souls
+and spirits, ready-made, from which the supply is
+drawn as fast as wanted in this world? And if so,
+further, is it to be concluded that all spirits have had
+a pre-existence? and then what was their condition
+in that state? And again, how does it happen, on
+this supposition, that this spirit in each individual
+exhibits so largely the mental and moral traits of
+the earthly parents? These hypotheses not being
+very satisfactory, will it be claimed that God creates
+these spirits as fast as children are born to need
+them? and if so, who brings them down just in the
+nick of time? and by what process are they incarnated?
+But if God has, by special act, created a
+soul or spirit for every member of the human family
+since Adam, is it not a contradiction of Gen. 2:2,
+which declares that <emph>all</emph> God's work of creation, so
+far as it pertains to this world, was <emph>completed</emph> by the
+close of the first week of time? Again, how many
+of the inhabitants of this earth are the offspring of
+abandoned criminality; and can it be supposed that
+God holds himself in readiness to create souls which
+must come from his hands pure as the dew of heaven,
+to be thrust into such vile tenements, and doomed
+to a life of wretchedness and woe at the bidding of
+<pb n='047'/><anchor id='Pg047'/>
+defiant lust? The irreverence of the question will
+be pardoned as an exposure of the absurdity of that
+theory which necessitates it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+3. <hi rend='italic'>The Spirits of Just Men Made Perfect.</hi>&mdash;This
+expression is found in Heb. 12:23, and seems, by
+some, to recognize the idea that spirits can exist
+without the body, and are to be treated as separate
+entities. Thus interpreted it might appear to give
+some support to Spiritualism. But it will by no
+means bear such an interpretation. The apostle is
+contrasting the privileges of Christians in the present
+dispensation, with the situation of believers before the
+coming of Christ. What he sets forth are blessings
+to be enjoyed in the present tense. Yes, says one,
+that is just what I believe: We are come to spirits;
+they are all about us, and tip and talk and write for
+us at our pleasure. But hold! nothing is affirmed
+of spirits separately. The whole idea must be taken
+in. It is the <q>spirits of <emph>just men</emph> made perfect;</q>
+and the participle <q>made perfect</q> agrees with
+<q>just men,</q> or literally <q>the just made perfect</q>
+(δικαίων τετελειωμένων), not with <q>spirits.</q> It is the
+<emph>men</emph> who are made perfect to whom we are said to
+have come. But there are only two localities and
+two periods, in which men are anywhere in the
+Scriptures said to be made perfect. One is in this
+life and on this earth, and refers to religious experience
+(<q>Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father
+which is in heaven is perfect</q>); the other is not
+relative, but actual and absolute, and refers to the
+future immortal state when all the people of God
+<pb n='048'/><anchor id='Pg048'/>
+will enter upon eternal life together (<q>God having
+provided some better thing for us, that they [the
+ancient worthies] without us should not be <emph>made
+perfect</emph>.</q> Heb. 11:40). Thus, taken in either of
+the only two ways possible, the text furnishes no
+proof of Spiritualism. It doubtless refers to the
+present state, the expression, <q>spirits of just men,</q>
+being simply a periphrasis for <q>just men,</q> the same
+as the expression, <q>the God of the spirits of all
+flesh</q> (Num. 16:22), means simply <q>the God of
+all flesh,</q> and the words <q>your whole spirit, and
+soul, and body</q> (1 Thess. 5:23), means simply
+the whole person.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+4. <hi rend='italic'>Spirits in Prison.</hi>&mdash;The apostle Peter uses
+an expression, which, though perhaps not often
+quoted in direct defense of Spiritualism, is relied
+upon extensively in behalf of the doctrine of the
+conscious state of the dead, which, as already shown,
+is the essential basis of Spiritualism. And such
+texts as these are here noticed to show to the general
+reader, that the Bible contains no testimony in
+behalf of that doctrine, but positively forbids it, as
+further quotations will soon be introduced to show.
+The passage now in question is 1 Peter 3:19, where,
+speaking of Christ, it says: <q>By which also he went
+and preached unto the spirits in prison.</q> By the
+use of strong assumption, and some lofty flights of
+the imagination, and keeping in the background the
+real intent of the passage, a picture of rather a lively
+time in the spirit world, can be constructed out of
+this testimony. Thus the spirits are said to be
+<pb n='049'/><anchor id='Pg049'/>
+the disembodied spirits of those who were destroyed
+by the flood. See context. They were in <q>prison,</q>
+that is, in hell. When Christ was put to death upon
+the cross, he immediately went by his disembodied
+spirit, down into hell and preached to those conscious
+intelligent spirits who were there, and continued that
+work till the third day when he was himself raised
+from the dead. A thought will show that this
+picture is wrong, (1) in the time, (2) in the condition
+of the people, (3) in the acting agent, and (4) in the
+end to be attained. Thus, when Christ had been
+put to death, he was <q>quickened</q> (or made alive),
+says the record, <q>by the Spirit.</q> This was certainly
+not a personal disembodied spirit, but that
+divine agency so often referred to in the Scriptures.
+<q>By which,</q> that is, this Spirit of God, he went
+and preached. Then he did not go personally on
+this work. The <q>spirits</q> were the antediluvians;
+for they were those who were disobedient in the
+days of Noah. Now when were they preached to?
+Verse 20 plainly tells us it was <q><emph>when</emph> once the
+longsuffering of God waited <emph>in the days of Noah</emph>.</q>
+In accordance with these statements now let another
+picture be presented: Christ, by his Spirit which was
+in Noah (1 Peter 1:11), and thus through Noah,
+preached to the spirits, or persons, in Noah's time,
+who were disobedient, in order to save all from the
+coming flood who would believe. They were said
+to be <q>in prison,</q> though still living, because they
+were shut up under condemnation, and had only one
+hundred and twenty years granted them in which to
+<pb n='050'/><anchor id='Pg050'/>
+repent or perish. Thus Christ was commissioned
+to preach to men said to be in prison, because in
+darkness, error, and condemnation, though they
+were still living in the flesh. Isa. 61:1. Dr.
+Adam Clarke, the eminent Methodist commentator
+(<hi rend='italic'>in loco</hi>), places the going and preaching of Christ
+in the days of Noah, and by the ministry of Noah
+for one hundred and twenty years, and not during
+the time while he lay in the grave. Then he says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The word πνεῦμασι (spirits) is supposed to render this
+view of the subject improbable, because this must mean <emph>disembodied</emph>
+spirits; but this certainly does not follow; for the
+<emph>spirits of just men made perfect</emph> (Heb. 12:23), certainly means
+righteous men, and men <emph>still in the church militant</emph>: and the
+Father of spirits (Heb. 12:9) means men still in the body;
+and the God of the spirits of all flesh (Num. 16:22 and 27:16),
+means <emph>men, not</emph> in a disembodied state.</q><note
+place='foot'>Original edition.</note>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+5. <hi rend='italic'>Cannot Kill the Soul.</hi>&mdash;<q>Fear not them
+which kill the body, but are not able to kill the soul:
+but rather fear him which is able to destroy both
+soul and body in hell.</q> Matt. 10:28. We know
+what it is to kill the body; and by association of
+ideas, it seems quite natural to form a like conception
+of the soul as something that can be treated in
+the same way. Then if the soul cannot be killed
+like the body, the conclusion seems easy of adoption
+that it lives right on, with all sensations preserved,
+as it was with the body before its death. If it were
+not for the pagan definition of <q>soul,</q> which here
+comes in to change the current of thought, such
+<pb n='051'/><anchor id='Pg051'/>
+conclusions drawn from this text would not be so
+prevalent; and a little attention to the scope of
+Christ's teaching here will readily correct the misapprehension.
+This is brought out clearly in verse
+39: <q>He that findeth his <emph>life</emph> shall lose it: and he
+that loseth his <emph>life</emph> for my sake shall find it.</q> This
+is easily understood. No one will question what it
+is to lose his life; and Christ says that he who will
+do this for his sake, shall find it. Any one who has
+been put to death for his faith in the gospel has
+<q>lost his life</q> (had the body killed) for Christ's
+sake. But Christ says, Do not fear them, even if
+they do this. Why?&mdash;Because ye shall find it&mdash;the
+life you lost. When shall we find it?&mdash;In the
+resurrection. John 6:40; Rev. 20:4-6. The expression,
+<q>shall find it,</q> thus becomes the exact
+equivalent of the words, <q>are not able to kill the
+soul;</q> that is, are not able to destroy, or prevent us
+from gaining that life he has promised, if we suffer
+men, for his sake, to <q>kill the body,</q> or deprive us
+of our present life. The correctness of this view is
+demonstrated by the word employed in these instances.
+That word is ψυχή (<hi rend='italic'>psuche</hi>). It is properly
+rendered <q>life</q> in verse 39, and improperly rendered
+<q>soul</q> in verse 28. This lesson, that men
+should be willing to lose their life for Christ's sake,
+was considered so important that it is again mentioned
+in Matthew, and reiterated with emphasis by
+Mark, Luke, and John; and they all use this same
+word ψυχή, which is rendered <q>life.</q> In one instance
+only in all these parallel passages have the
+<pb n='052'/><anchor id='Pg052'/>
+translators rendered it <q>soul;</q> and that is Matt.
+10:28, where it is the source of all the misunderstanding
+on that text.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+6. <hi rend='italic'>Souls Under the Altar.</hi>&mdash;As a part of the
+events of the fifth seal as described in Rev. 6:9-11,
+John says he saw the souls of the martyrs under the
+altar, and heard them crying for vengeance. If they
+could do that, it is asked, cannot disembodied souls
+now communicate with the living? Not to enter
+into a full exposition of this scripture, and the inconsistencies
+such a view would involve, it is sufficient
+to ask if these were like the communicating spirits of
+the present day. How many communications have
+ever been received by modern Spiritualists from
+souls confined under an altar? In glowing symbolism,
+John saw the dead martyrs, as if slain at the
+foot of the altar; and by the figure of personification
+a voice was given to them, just as Abel's blood
+cried to God for vengeance upon his guilty brother
+(Gen. 4:10), and just as the stone is said to cry
+out of the wall, and the beam out of the timber
+to answer it. Hab. 2:11.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+7. <hi rend='italic'>The Medium of Endor.</hi>&mdash;Aside from the
+direct teaching of the Scriptures, it is still held by
+some that there are scenes narrated in the Bible
+which show that the dead must be conscious. The
+first of these is the case of Saul and the woman of
+Endor, whom he consulted in order to communicate
+with the prophet Samuel, as narrated in 1 Samuel 28.
+Here, it must be confessed, is brought to view
+an actual case of spirit manifestation, a specimen of
+<pb n='053'/><anchor id='Pg053'/>
+ancient necromancy; for the conditions, method of
+procedure, and results, were just such as pertain to
+the same work in our own day. But then, as now,
+there was no truth nor good in it, as a brief review
+of the narrative will show. (1) Samuel was dead.
+(2) Saul was sore pressed by the Philistines. Verse
+5. (3) God had departed from him. Verse 4.
+(4) He had cut off those who had familiar spirits
+and wizards, out of the land, because God had forbidden
+their presence in the Jewish theocracy, as
+an abomination. Verse 3; Lev. 19:31. (5) Yet
+in his extremity he had recourse to a woman with
+a familiar spirit, found at Endor. Verse 7. (6)
+She asked whom she should bring up, and Saul
+answered, Samuel. Verse 11. (7) Saul was disguised,
+but the familiar spirit told the woman it was
+Saul, and she cried out in alarm. Verse 12. (8)
+Saul reassured her, and the woman went on with
+the séance. Verse 10. (9) She announced a presence
+coming (not from heaven, nor the spheres,
+but) up out of the earth, and at Saul's request gave
+a description of him, showing that Saul did not himself
+see the form. Verse 13. (10) Saul <q>perceived</q>
+that it was Samuel (not by actual sight, but
+from the woman's description; for the Hebrew ירע
+and the Septuagint, γινωσκώ, signify to know, or
+perceive, by an operation of the mind.) Verse 14.
+(11) The woman supposed it was Samuel; Saul
+supposed it was Samuel; and that personation is,
+then, by the law of appearance, spoken of, in whatever
+it said or did, as Samuel; as, <q>Samuel said to
+<pb n='054'/><anchor id='Pg054'/>
+Saul,</q> etc. Verse 15. (12) Was Samuel really
+there as an immortal soul, a disembodied spirit, or
+as one raised from the dead?&mdash;No; because (<hi rend='italic'>a</hi>) immortal
+souls do not come up out of the ground,
+wrapped in mantles, and complain of being disquieted
+and brought up; (<hi rend='italic'>b</hi>) Samuel was a holy
+prophet, and if he was conscious in the spirit world,
+he would not present himself at the summons of a
+woman who was practicing arts which God had forbidden;
+(<hi rend='italic'>c</hi>) God having departed from Saul, and
+having refused to communicate with him on account
+of his sins, would not now suffer his servant Samuel
+to grant him the desired communication through a
+channel which he had pronounced an abomination;
+(<hi rend='italic'>d</hi>) Samuel was not present by a resurrection, for
+the Devil could not raise him, and God certainly
+would not, for such a purpose; besides Samuel was
+buried at Ramah, and could not be raised at Endor;
+(<hi rend='italic'>e</hi>) It was only the woman's familiar spirit, personating
+Samuel as he used to appear when alive&mdash;an
+aged man clothed with a mantle. His object was to
+make both the woman and Saul believe it was
+Samuel, when it was not, just as communicating
+spirits to-day try to palm themselves off for what
+they are not. As a specimen of ancient Spiritualism,
+this case is no particular honor to their cause;
+and as a proof of the immortality of the soul, and
+the conscious state of the dead, it is a minus
+quantity.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+8. <hi rend='italic'>The Transfiguration.</hi>&mdash;Jesus took three of
+his disciples, Peter, James, and John, apart into a
+<pb n='055'/><anchor id='Pg055'/>
+high mountain, and was transfigured before them;
+his face became as the sun, and his raiment was
+white as the light, just as it will be in the future
+kingdom of glory, which this scene was designed to
+represent. And there then appeared Moses and
+Elias talking with Christ. But Moses had died in
+the land of Moab nearly fifteen hundred years
+before, and it is at once concluded that the only
+way to account for his appearance on this occasion,
+is to suppose that he was still alive in the spirit
+world, and could appear in a disembodied state,
+and talk with Jesus as here represented. But such
+a conclusion is by no means necessary. Jesus was
+there in person, Elias was there in person; for he
+had not died, but had been translated bodily from
+this earth. Now it would be altogether incongruous
+to suppose that the third member of this glorious
+trio, apparently just as real as the others, was only a
+disembodied spirit; an immaterial phantom. Unless
+the whole scene was merely a vision brought before
+the minds of the disciples, Moses was as really there,
+in his own proper person, as Jesus and Elias. But
+there is no way in which he could thus be present,
+except by means of a resurrection from the dead;
+and that he had been raised, and was there as a
+representative of the resurrection, is proved, first by
+his actual presence on this occasion, and secondly,
+by the fact that Michael (Christ, who is <q>the resurrection
+and the life,</q> John 11:25) disputed with
+the Devil (who has the power of death, Heb. 2:14)
+about the body of Moses. Jude 9. There could be
+<pb n='056'/><anchor id='Pg056'/>
+no other possible ground of controversy about the
+body of Moses except whether or not Christ should
+give it life before the general resurrection. But
+Christ rebuked the Devil. Christ was not thwarted
+in this contest, but gave his servant life; and thus
+Moses could appear personally upon the mount.
+This makes the scene complete as a representation
+of the kingdom of God, as Peter says it was (2 Peter
+1:16-18); namely, Christ the glorified King, Elias
+representing those who will be translated without
+seeing death, and Moses representing those who will
+be raised from the dead. These two classes embrace
+all the happy subjects of that kingdom. This view
+of the matter is not peculiar to this book. Dr.
+Adam Clarke, on Matt. 17:3, says: <q>The body
+of Moses was probably raised again, as a pledge of
+the resurrection.</q><note place='foot'>Original edition. Not
+found in the mutilated edition, revised by
+Dr. Curry.</note> And Olshausen says: <q>For
+if we assume the reality of the <emph>resurrection of the
+body</emph>, and its glorification,&mdash;truths which assuredly
+belong to the system of Christian doctrine,&mdash;the
+whole occurrence presents no essential difficulties.
+The appearance of Moses and Elias, which is usually
+held to be the most unintelligible point in it, is
+as easily conceived of as possible, if we admit their
+bodily glorification.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Those passages which speak of Christ as the
+<q>first-fruits,</q> the <q>first-born from the dead,</q> the
+<q>first-born among many brethren,</q> <q>of every creature,</q>
+etc., refer only to the chief and pivotal importance
+<pb n='057'/><anchor id='Pg057'/>
+of his own resurrection, as related to all
+others; and Acts 26:23 does not declare that Christ
+should be the first one to be raised from the dead,
+but that he first, by a resurrection from the dead,
+should show light to the Gentiles. (See the Greek
+of this passage.) These scriptures therefore prove
+no objection to the idea that Moses had been raised
+from the dead, and as a victor over the grave, appeared
+with Christ upon the mount. Thus another
+supposed stronghold affords no refuge for the conscious-state
+theory, or for Spiritualism.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+9. <hi rend='italic'>The Rich Man and Lazarus.</hi>&mdash;With the features
+of this parable, as found in Luke 16, which is
+supposed to prove the dead conscious, and Spiritualism
+possible, the reader is doubtless familiar. It
+should ever be borne in mind that this is a parable;
+and in a parable, neither the parties nor the scenes
+are to be taken literally, and hence no doctrines
+can be built upon such symbolic representations.
+But not only is it a parable, but it is a parable
+based upon traditions largely entertained by the
+Jews themselves in the time of Christ. Thus
+T. J. Hudson (<q>Law of Psychic Phenomena,</q> p.
+385) says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>It is a historical fact, nevertheless, that before the advent
+of Jesus, the Jews had become imbued with the Greek
+doctrine of Hades, which was an intermediate waiting station
+between this life and the judgment. In this were situated
+both Paradise and Gehenna, the one on the right, and the
+other on the left, and into these two compartments the spirits
+of the dead were separated, according to their deserts. Jesus
+found this doctrine already in existence, and in enforcing
+<pb n='058'/><anchor id='Pg058'/>
+his moral precepts in his parables, he employed the symbols
+which the people understood, neither denying nor affirming
+their literal verity.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Thus Christ appealed to the people on their own
+ground. He took the views and traditions which he
+found already among them, and arranged them into
+a parable in such a way as to rebuke their covetousness,
+correct their notions that prosperity and riches
+in this life are tokens of the favor and approbation
+of God, and condemn their departure from the teachings
+of Moses and the prophets. As a parable, it
+is not designed to show the state of the dead, and
+the conditions that prevail in the spirit world. But
+if any persist that it is not a parable, but a presentation
+of actual fact, then the scene is laid, not in
+the intermediate state, but beyond the resurrection;
+for it is after the angels had carried Lazarus into
+Abraham's bosom. But the angels do not bear any
+one anywhere away from this earth, till the second
+coming of Christ and the resurrection of the dead.
+Matt. 24:30, 31; 1 Thess. 4:15-17. Finding no
+support in this portion of scripture for the conscious-state
+theory, with its spiritualistic possibilities, appeal
+is next made by the friends of that theory to the
+case of&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<p>
+10. <hi rend='italic'>The Thief on the Cross.</hi>&mdash;Luke 23:39-43.
+When one of the malefactors who were crucified
+with Jesus, requested to be remembered when he
+should come into his kingdom, according to the
+record in the common version, the Lord replied,
+<q>To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise.</q> To
+<pb n='059'/><anchor id='Pg059'/>
+go from death into paradise the same day, means to
+go into the spirit world without a body, or discarnated,
+as Spiritualists claim. And so it would be
+if such was Christ's promise to the thief; but it
+was not.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The little adverb <q>to-day</q> holds the balance
+of power as to the meaning of this text. If it qualifies
+Christ's words, <q>Verily I say unto thee,</q> it
+gives one idea; if it qualifies the words, <q>Thou shalt
+be with me in paradise,</q> we have another and very
+different idea. And how shall the question of its
+relationship be decided?&mdash;It can be done only by the
+punctuation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Here another difficulty confronts us; for the
+Greek was originally written in a solid line of letters,
+without any punctuation, or even division into
+words. Such being the case, the punctuation, and
+the relation of the qualifying word <q>to-day,</q> must
+be determined by the context. Now it is a fact that
+Christ did not go to paradise that day. He died, and
+was placed in the tomb, and the third day rose from
+the dead. Mary was the first to meet him, and
+sought to worship him. But he said, <q>Touch me
+not, for I am not yet ascended to my Father.</q> John
+20:17. Paradise is where the Father is (see 2 Cor.
+12:2-4; Rev. 2:7; 22:1, 2), and if Christ had not
+been to his Father when Mary met him the third day
+after his crucifixion, he had not then been to paradise;
+therefore it is not possible that he made a
+promise to the thief on the day of his crucifixion,
+that he should be with him <emph>that</emph> day in paradise.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='060'/><anchor id='Pg060'/>
+
+<p>
+But further, the day of the crucifixion was the
+day before the Sabbath; and it was not lawful to
+leave criminals on the cross during that day. John
+19:31. If they were still living when the time came
+to take them from the cross, they were taken down,
+and their legs were broken to prevent their escape.
+The soldiers on this occasion broke the legs of the
+two thieves, because they were still alive; <q>but
+when they came to Jesus and saw that he was
+dead already, they brake not his legs.</q> Verses
+32, 33. The thief therefore lived over into the
+next day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Thus there are two absolutely insuperable objections
+against allowing the adverb, <q>to-day,</q> to
+qualify Christ's promise, <q>Thou shalt be with me in
+paradise:</q> (1) Christ did not go to paradise that
+day; and (2) The thief did not die that day. Before
+these facts the conscious-state argument built upon
+this incident, vanishes into thin air. Just place the
+comma (a punctuation mark not invented till 1490)
+after <q>to-day</q> instead of before it, and let that
+word qualify the verb <q>say</q> and emphasize the
+time when it was spoken, and all is harmonious.
+The thief's request did not pertain to that day, but
+looked forward to the time when Christ should come
+into his kingdom; and Christ's promise did not
+pertain to that day, but to the time in the thief's
+request; so he did not falsify it by not going to
+his Father for three days afterward. The thief is
+quietly slumbering in the tomb; but Christ is soon
+coming into his kingdom. Then the thief will be
+<pb n='061'/><anchor id='Pg061'/>
+remembered, be raised from the dead, and be with
+Christ in that paradise into which he will then
+introduce all his people. Thus all is as clear as a
+sunbeam, when the text is freed from the bungling
+tinkering of men.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The strongest texts and incidents which are appealed
+to in defense of the conscious-state theory,
+have now been examined. If these do not sustain
+it, nothing can be found in the Bible which will
+sustain it. All are easily harmonized with these.
+Thus in Paul's desire to <q>depart and be with
+Christ</q> (Phil. 1:23), he does not there tell us
+<emph>when</emph> he will be with Christ; but he does tell us in
+many other places; and it is at the resurrection and
+the coming of Christ. Phil. 3:11; 1 Thess. 4:16,
+17. When he speaks of our being clothed upon
+with our house from heaven (2 Cor. 5:2), he tells
+us that it is when <q>mortality</q> is <q>swallowed up of
+life.</q> But that is only at the last trump. 1 Cor.
+15:51-54. If we are told about the woman who
+had had seven husbands (Matt. 22:23-28), no hint
+is given of any reunion till after the resurrection.
+If God calls himself <q>not the God of the dead, but
+of the living</q> (Matt. 22:32), it is because he
+speaks of <q>those things that be not as though they
+were</q> (Rom. 4:17), and the worthies of whom this
+is spoken, are sure to live again (Heb. 11:15, 16),
+and hence are now spoken of as alive in his sight,
+because they are so in his purpose. Texts which
+speak of the departure and return of the soul (Gen.
+35:18; 1 Kings 17:21, 22), are referable to the
+<pb n='062'/><anchor id='Pg062'/>
+<q>breath of life,</q> which is the meaning of the word
+in these instances rendered <q>soul.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Three passages only have been referred to, which
+declare positively that the dead know not anything.
+It was thought preferable to answer certain objections,
+before introducing further direct testimony.
+But there are many such passages, a few more of
+which will now be presented, as a fitting conclusion
+to this branch of the subject. The reader's careful
+attention is invited to a few of the various texts, and
+the conclusions that follow therefrom.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+1. <hi rend='italic'>Death and Sleep.</hi>&mdash;Death, in numerous passages
+is compared to sleep, in contrast with the
+wakeful condition. See Ps. 13:3; Job 7:21; John
+11:11; Acts 7:60; 1 Cor. 11:30; 15:51; 1 Thess.
+4:14; etc. But there is only one feature in sleep
+by virtue of which it can be taken as a figure of
+death; and that is, the condition of unconsciousness
+which shuts up the avenues of one's senses to all
+one's environment. If one is not thus unconscious
+in death, the figure is false, and the comparison
+illogical and misleading.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+2. <hi rend='italic'>Thoughts Perish.</hi>&mdash;So David testifies: <q>Put
+not your trust in princes, nor in the son of man, in
+whom there is no help. His breath goeth forth, he
+returneth to his earth; in that very day his thoughts
+perish.</q> Ps. 146:3, 4. The word <q>thoughts</q>
+does not here mean simply the projects and purposes
+one has in view, which do often fail, when the
+author of them dies, but it is from a root which
+means the act of thinking, the operation of the mind;
+<pb n='063'/><anchor id='Pg063'/>
+and in death, that entirely ceases. It cannot therefore
+be the dead who come out of the unseen with
+such intelligence as is shown in Spiritualism.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+3. <hi rend='italic'>Job's Statement.</hi>&mdash;Speaking of a dead man,
+Job (14:21) says: <q>His sons come to honor, and
+he knoweth it not; and they are brought low, but he
+perceiveth it not of them.</q> If the dead cannot take
+cognizance of matters of so much interest as these,
+how can they communicate with the living as the
+spirits do?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+4. <hi rend='italic'>No Remembrance of God.</hi>&mdash;David, in Ps.
+6:5 and 115:17, again testifies: <q>For in death
+there is no remembrance of thee: in the grave who
+shall give thee thanks?</q> <q>The dead praise not the
+Lord, neither any that go down into silence.</q> Is it
+possible that any righteous man, if he is living and
+conscious after going into the grave, would not
+praise and give thanks to the Lord?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+5. <hi rend='italic'>Hezekiah's Testimony.</hi>&mdash;Hezekiah was sick
+unto death. Isa. 38:1. But he prayed, and the
+Lord added to his days fifteen years. Verse 5.
+For this he praised the Lord, and gave his reasons
+for so doing in the following words (verses 18, 19):
+<q>For the grave cannot praise thee, death cannot
+celebrate thee: they that go down into the pit cannot
+hope for thy truth. The living, the living, he
+shall praise thee, as I do this day.</q> This is a clear
+affirmation that in death he would not be able to do
+what he was able to do while living.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+6. <hi rend='italic'>New Testament Evidence.</hi>&mdash;The New Testament
+bears a corresponding testimony on this subject.
+<pb n='064'/><anchor id='Pg064'/>
+None will be saved except such as Christ
+raises up at the last day. John 6:39, 40. No one
+is to receive any reward before the resurrection.
+Luke 14:14; 2 Tim. 4:8. No one can enter God's
+kingdom before being judged; but there is no execution
+of judgment before the coming of Christ.
+2 Tim. 4:1; Acts 17:31; Luke 19:35; etc. If
+there is no avenue to a future life by a resurrection,
+then all who have gone down in death are perished.
+1 Cor. 15:18. Such texts utterly forbid the idea of
+consciousness and activity, on the part of any of the
+human family, in death.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This part of the subject need not be carried
+further. It has been dwelt upon so fully simply
+because of its determinate bearing on the question
+under discussion. Spiritualism rests its whole title
+to credence on the claim that the intelligences which
+manifest themselves are the spirits of the dead.
+The Bible says that they are <emph>not</emph> the spirits of the
+dead. Then if the Bible is true, the whole system
+rests upon deception and falsehood. No one who
+believes this will tamper with Spiritualism. One
+cannot have Spiritualism and the Bible, too. One or
+the other must be given up. But he who still holds
+on to the theory that the dead are conscious, contrary
+to the testimony of the Scriptures has no shield
+against the Spiritualistic delusion, and the danger is
+that he will sooner or later throw the Bible away.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='065'/><anchor id='Pg065'/>
+
+<div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<index index="toc" level1="Chapter Four. They Are Evil Angels."/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="Chapter Four."/>
+<head type="sub">Chapter Four.</head>
+<head>They Are Evil Angels.</head>
+
+<p>
+As the Bible plainly shows what the spirits which
+communicate are <emph>not</emph>, it just as clearly reveals
+also what they <emph>are</emph>; so that in no particular is one
+left to conjecture or guesswork. There is an order
+of beings brought to view in the Scriptures, above
+man but lower than God or Christ, called <q>angels.</q>
+No Bible believer questions the existence of such
+beings. It is sometimes asserted that angels are
+departed human spirits; but this cannot be; for they
+appear upon the stage of action before a single
+human being had died, or a disembodied spirit could
+have existed. When the world was created, Job
+declares that <q>the morning stars sang together, and
+all the sons of God shouted for joy.</q> These are
+two of the names applied to these beings, but they
+are also known by a number of others. They are
+167 times called angels; 61 times, angel of the Lord;
+8 times, angel of God; 17 times, his angels; 41
+times, cherub and cherubim. There are also such
+names as seraphim, chariots, God's hosts, watchers,
+holy ones, thrones, dominions, principalities and
+powers,&mdash;all referring to the different orders of
+these heavenly beings.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A part of this host fell into sin, and thereby
+became evil, or fallen, angels. A reasonable statement
+<pb n='066'/><anchor id='Pg066'/>
+of how this came about can be given, but no
+reason for the act itself. Sin cannot be explained.
+To explain it would be to give a reason for it; and
+to give a reason for it would be to excuse it; and
+then it would cease to be sin. In the beginning a
+condition existed which was in itself right and essential;
+but which nevertheless made sin possible. It
+is one of the inevitable conditions of the highest
+glory of God, that all his creatures should serve him
+from choice, under the law of love, and not by compulsion,
+as a machine, under the law of necessity.
+To secure this end, they must be made free moral
+agents. Thus to angels was given the freedom of
+the will, the same as to man. They were in a state
+of purity and happiness, with every condition favorable
+for a continuance in that condition; but in the
+free choices of their free wills, they of course had
+the power, if they should unaccountably see fit so
+to use it, to turn away from truth and right, and
+rebel against God. This some of them did. So
+we find Jude speaking of <q>the angels that kept not
+their first estate</q> (Jude 6), and Peter, of <q>the
+angels that sinned</q> (2 Peter 2:4); and these they
+further declare, were cast down to Tartarus, and are
+reserved in everlasting chains under darkness, unto
+the judgment of the great day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There must have been to this rebellion an instigator
+and leader; and we accordingly find the Bible
+speaking of such a personage; the whole company
+being described as <q>the Devil and his angels.</q>
+Our Lord pointed out this leader in evil, and his
+<pb n='067'/><anchor id='Pg067'/>
+work, in John 8:44: <q>Ye are of your Father the
+Devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do.
+He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode
+not in the truth, because there is no truth in him.
+When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own:
+for he is a liar and the father of it.</q> This reveals
+the great facts in his case. He abode not in the
+truth. Then he was once in the truth; and as he is
+a liar, and the father of it, he was the first one to
+depart from truth and introduce falsehood and evil
+into the universe of God.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In Isaiah (14:12-14) this being is addressed as
+Lucifer, or the day-star; and the prophet exclaims,
+<q>How art thou fallen from heaven, 0 Lucifer,
+son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the
+ground, which didst weaken the nations!</q> The following
+verses indicate that the nature of his transgression
+was self-exaltation and pride of heart:
+<q>For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend
+into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars
+of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation,
+in the sides of the north: I will ascend
+above the heights of the clouds; I will be like the
+Most High.</q> Paul, in 1 Tim. 3:6, intimates that
+it was this pride that caused the ruin of this once
+holy being. Of an elder he says that he must not
+be a novice, <q>lest being lifted up with pride he fall
+into the condemnation of the Devil,</q> or that sin for
+which the Devil was condemned.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In Ezekiel 28, Satan is again spoken of under the
+pseudonym of <q>the prince of Tyrus.</q> Verse 2
+<pb n='068'/><anchor id='Pg068'/>
+shows his pride: <q>Because thine heart is lifted up,
+and thou hast said, I am a God, I sit in the seat
+of God,</q> etc. Verses 12-15 describe his beauty,
+wisdom, and apparel, and his exalted office as a
+high cherub, before his sin and fall. Verse 15
+reads: <q>Thou wast perfect in thy ways from the
+day thou wast created, till iniquity was found in
+thee.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+These passages give us a sufficient idea of the
+origin of Satan and how such an incarnation of evil
+has come to exist. The Tartarus into which he and
+his angels were cast, according to Peter, is defined
+by leading lexicographers, as meaning the dark,
+void, interplanetary spaces, surrounding the world.
+Using the serpent as a medium, this apostate angel,
+thus cast out, plied our first parents with his temptation
+by preaching to them the immortality of the
+soul, <q>Thou shalt not surely die,</q> and alas! seduced
+them also into rebellion. The dominion which was
+given to Adam (Gen. 1:28), Adam thus alienated to
+Satan, by becoming his servant; for Paul says,
+<q>Know ye not, that to whom ye yield yourselves
+servants to obey, his servants ye are to whom ye
+obey?</q> Rom. 6:16. Now, consequently, such
+titles as <q>prince of this world,</q> <q>prince of the
+power of the air,</q> <q>god of this world,</q> etc., are
+applied to him, because he has by fraud usurped that
+place. John 14:30; Eph. 2:2; 2 Cor. 4:4. He,
+of course, employs <q>his angels</q> to co-operate with
+him in his nefarious work.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Thus clearly do we have set before us just the
+agencies,&mdash;the Devil and his angels,&mdash;which are
+<pb n='069'/><anchor id='Pg069'/>
+adapted, both by nature and inclination, to carry on
+just such a work as is seen in Spiritualism. But
+how do we know, some one may ask, but that Spiritualism
+is the work of the good angels?&mdash;We know
+that it is not, because good angels do not lie. They
+never would come to men, professing to be the
+spirits of their dead friends, and imitate and personate
+them to deceive, knowing that the mediums did
+not know, and could not ascertain that they were
+altogether another and different order of beings.
+But the evil angels, led by the father of lies, and
+cradled, and drilled, and skilled, and polished, in the
+school of lying, would be delighted to deceive men
+in this very way, by pretending to be their dead
+friends, and then by working upon their affections
+and love for the ones they could skilfully personate,
+bring them under their influence and lead them captive
+at their will.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+These evil angels are experts in deception. They
+have had six thousand years' experience. They are
+well acquainted with the human family. They can
+read character. They study temperament. They
+acquaint themselves minutely with personal history.
+They know a thousand things which only they and
+the individual they are trying to ensnare, are aware
+of. They know many things beyond the knowledge
+of men. They can easily carry the news of the
+decease of a friend, and the description of a death-bed
+scene, to other friends thousands of miles away,
+and months before the truth through ordinary channels
+can reach them, so that when it is verified, their
+influence over them may be increased. (See page <ref target="Pg023">23</ref>.)
+</p>
+
+<pb n='070'/><anchor id='Pg070'/>
+
+<p>
+There is nothing that has yet taken place, of however
+inexplicable a nature, and nothing which even
+the imagination may anticipate, which is not, and will
+not be, easily attributable to these unseen angels.
+They are lying spirits; for the fundamental principle
+on which they are acting is a lie; but they tell enough
+truth to sway and captivate the minds of men. It
+matters not how sacred the field in which they tread,
+nor how hallowed the associations which they invade,
+they press into every spot where it is possible, by
+spinning another thread, to strengthen their web of
+deception.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And in what dulcet and siren tones they woo their
+victims to lay aside all resistance to their influence,
+to become receptive and passive, and yield themselves
+to their control; and when they have them
+thus helpless in their arms, they deliberately and
+cruelly instil into their minds the virus of ungovernable
+lust, the leprosy of unconquerable rebellion
+against the government of Heaven. That this language
+does not misrepresent nor slander them, will
+be shown from their own testimony, before the close
+of this book.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The thought is not overlooked that many even of
+those who do not profess to be Spiritualists, deny
+the existence of any such being as a personal Devil,
+or of personal evil angels, his agents. He is no
+doubt well pleased with this, as such people can the
+more easily be made the victims of his wiles. But
+these same persons would no doubt acknowledge the
+existence, as real beings, of God, Christ, and the
+<pb n='071'/><anchor id='Pg071'/>
+good angels. This fact being established, by parity
+of reasoning the Devil and his angels become real
+beings also. The same arguments which show that
+God and Christ exist as personal beings may be used
+to show that the Devil and his angels are personal
+beings also. He who denies that there is a personal
+Devil, must be prepared also to deny that there is a
+personal Christ. So far as the argument for personal
+existence is concerned, Christ and good angels stand
+on one side of the equation, and the Devil and his
+angels on the other; and whoever would rub out the
+one, must rub out the other also.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Christ said that he <q>beheld Satan as lightning fall
+from heaven.</q> Luke 10:18. John in the Revelation
+(12:7) beheld a war in heaven. <q>Michael
+[Christ] and his angels fought against the dragon
+[Satan]; and the dragon fought, and his angels.</q>
+On the ground that there is no Devil, this would be
+a wonderful battle&mdash;Christ and his angels, who are
+real beings, fighting furiously against myths and
+nonentities which have not even the substance of a
+phantom.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To endorse the doctrine of a personal Devil, is not
+to endorse the grossly absurd caricatures conjured
+up by morbid imaginations, and popular theology,&mdash;a
+being with bat's wings, horns, hoofs, and a
+dart-pointed tail. Yet upon such pictorial fables he
+doubtless looks with complacency; as they are
+calculated still further to destroy faith in his existence,
+and enable him the better to cover his tracks
+and carry on his work among men. Nevertheless
+<pb n='072'/><anchor id='Pg072'/>
+the only rational hypothesis on which to account for
+the present condition of this world (which every one
+must admit is full of devilishness), the existence of
+evil, and the presence of sickness, suffering, and
+death, is the account the Bible gives us of fallen
+angels and fallen men. Unfallen angels are beings
+of mighty power. One of them slew in one night
+185,000 Assyrians (2 Kings 19:35); and the one
+who appeared at the time of Christ's resurrection
+had a countenance like the lightning, and raiment
+white as snow, and before him the keepers of the
+tomb fell like dead men. Matt. 28:3, 4. A fall
+from their high estate, though it would impair their
+strength and power, cannot be supposed to have
+wholly deprived them of these qualities; therefore
+the fallen angels still have capabilities far superior
+to those of men. The only defense mankind has
+against them is found in Christ, who circumscribes
+their power (for they are kept in chains, 2 Peter
+2:4), and makes provision by which we may resist
+them. Eph. 6:11; James 4:6-8; 1 John 5:18.
+The question why they are permitted to continue
+finds solution in the thought that God is consistently
+giving to sin time and opportunity to develop itself,
+fully show its nature, and manifest its works, to all
+created intelligences, so that when it shall finally be
+wiped out of existence, with all its originators, aiders,
+and abetters, as in God's purpose it is to be (Rev.
+20:14, 15; 2 Peter 3:7, 13; Rev. 5:13), there will
+ever after remain an object-lesson sufficient to safe-guard
+the universe against a repetition of the evil.
+<pb n='073'/><anchor id='Pg073'/>
+Only some 6000 years are allotted to this work of
+evil; and 6000 years are as nothing compared with
+eternity.
+</p>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>Warnings Against Evil Spirits.</head>
+
+<p>
+The Scriptures plainly point out the working of
+these agents of wickedness, and warn us against
+them. In 1 Tim. 4:1, we read: <q>Now the Spirit
+speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some
+shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing
+spirits, and doctrines of devils.</q> This shows that
+these spirits make it an object to seduce, or deceive,
+to draw men away from the true faith, and cause
+them to receive, instead, the doctrines they teach,
+which are called <q>doctrines of devils;</q> and this
+scripture is written to put men on their guard
+against them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again Paul says: <q>For we wrestle not against
+flesh and blood, but against principalities, against
+powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this
+world, against spiritual wickedness [margin, <q>wicked
+spirits</q>] in high places.</q> Eph. 6:12. And he
+adjures his readers to put on the whole armor of
+God to be able to resist them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The apostle Peter exhorts to the same purpose:
+<q>Be sober, be vigilant; because your adversary
+the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about, seeking
+whom he may devour: whom resist steadfast in
+the faith.</q> 1 Peter 5:8, 9. If our ears do not
+deceive us, a good deal of this roaring is heard in
+the ranks of Spiritualists, where, by invisible rapping,
+agitated furniture, clairvoyance, clairaudience,
+<pb n='074'/><anchor id='Pg074'/>
+writing, speaking, marvels, and wonders, he seeks
+to set the world on tiptoe of curiosity and expectation,
+and bewilder men into a departure from the
+faith and the acceptance of the doctrines of devils.
+He is cunning enough not to <q>roar</q> in a way to
+frighten and repel, but only to attract attention, and
+lead multitudes, through an overweening curiosity
+and wonder at the marvels, to come thoughtlessly
+within the sphere of his influence.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The prophet Isaiah also has something to say
+directly upon this subject: <q>And when they shall
+say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar
+spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter:
+should not a people seek unto their God? for the
+living to the dead?</q> Isa. 8:19. That is, is it
+consistent for living people to go to dead ones for
+their knowledge? The following verse shows where
+we should go for light and truth: <q>To the law and
+to the testimony: if they speak not according to
+this word, it is because there is no light in them.</q>
+The time has certainly come when many are saying
+just what the text points out, and seeking to the
+dead, to familiar spirits, and wizards, for knowledge.
+Those practices which in the Bible are
+enumerated as <q>charming,</q> <q>enchantment,</q> <q>sorcery,</q>
+<q>witchcraft,</q> <q>necromancy,</q> <q>divination,</q>
+<q>consulting with familiar spirits,</q> etc., are more or
+less related, and are all really from one source. So
+in modern times different names indicate substantially
+the same thing. Thus Mr. Hudson, in
+<q>Psychic Phenomena,</q> p. v, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<pb n='075'/><anchor id='Pg075'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>It has, however, long been felt by the ablest thinkers of
+our time that all psychic manifestations of the human intellect,
+normal or abnormal, whether designated by the name
+of mesmerism, hypnotism, somnambulism, trance, spiritism,
+demonology, miracle, mental therapeutics, genius, or insanity,
+are in some way related.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Seven, at least, of the foregoing names are no
+doubt in the warp and woof of Spiritualism; and
+he might have added mind-reading and Christian
+Science. And Spiritualists admit that their work is
+the same as that described by the Bible terms above
+quoted. Thus, Allen Putnam, a Spiritualistic writer,
+says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The doctrine that the oracles, soothsaying, and witchcraft
+of past ages were kindred to these manifestations of our
+day, I, for one, most fully believe.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In a pamphlet by the same author, entitled,
+<q>Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, and Miracle,</q>
+p. 6, he says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>As seen by me now, Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft,
+Miracles, all belong to one family, all have a common
+root, and are developed by the same laws.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+To all these, therefore, the text under notice
+(Isa. 8:19, 20) applies. We are to bring them to
+the standard of <q>the law and the testimony,</q> and
+<q>if they speak not according to this word ...
+there is no light in them.</q> The living should not
+seek to the dead.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In Rev. 16:13, 14, the same spirits are again
+brought to view, and called <q>unclean spirits,</q> and
+<q>spirits of devils.</q> Their last work of deception
+is to go forth to the kings of the earth, and of the
+<pb n='076'/><anchor id='Pg076'/>
+whole world, to gather them to the battle of the
+great day of God Almighty. Thus all that is revealed
+of them from beginning to end (and scriptures
+might be multiplied on the point) furnishes
+the most cogent reason why all should be keenly
+awake to their existence and their work, and be ever
+watchful against their influence and approach.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='077'/><anchor id='Pg077'/>
+
+<div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<index index="toc" level1="Chapter Five. What The Spirits Teach."/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="Chapter Five."/>
+<head type="sub">Chapter Five.</head>
+<head>What The Spirits Teach.</head>
+
+<p>
+It has been shown in the preceding chapters that
+the unseen <q>controls</q> (the beings who control
+the mediums) in Spiritualism, are not the spirits of
+the dead, but are fallen angels or spirits of devils.
+This fact will be confirmed by a brief glance at some
+of their teachings; for we are to remember that if
+they speak not according to the law and the testimony
+there is no light in them. It matters not that
+what they teach may be supported by signs and
+wonders beyond the comprehension of the human
+mind. That is no guarantee of truth; for such phenomena
+are to be wrought, as will soon be shown,
+to prove a lie. The Lord anciently put his people
+on their guard in this respect. Deut. 13:1-3, 5:
+<q>If there arise among you a prophet, or a dreamer
+of dreams, and giveth thee a sign or a wonder, and
+the sign or the wonder come to pass, whereof he
+spake unto thee, saying, Let us go after other gods,
+which thou hast not known, and let us serve them;
+thou shalt not hearken unto the words of that
+prophet, or that dreamer of dreams: for the Lord
+your God proveth you, to know whether ye love
+the Lord your God with all your heart and with all
+your soul.</q> <q>And that prophet, or that dreamer of
+<pb n='078'/><anchor id='Pg078'/>
+dreams, shall be put to death; because he hath spoken
+to turn you away from the Lord your God, ... out
+of the way which the Lord thy God commanded thee
+to walk in.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Thus the fact that one who professed to be a
+prophet could perform a sign or wonder, showing
+his connection with some unseen power, was not
+enough to shield him from condemnation and punishment,
+if what he undertook to prove by that sign
+or wonder was contrary to the truth, and tended to
+lead away from God. The teaching of any system
+is an important part of the fruit it bears; and by
+that, according to our Lord's own rule, we are to
+judge it, and not by any power or mighty works
+connected with it, however wonderful they may be.
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l><q rend="pre">'Tis not the broad phylactery</q></l>
+<l rend='margin-left: 2'>Nor stubborn fasts, nor stated prayers</l>
+<l>That make us saints. We judge the tree</l>
+<l rend='margin-left: 2'><q rend="post">By what it bears.</q></l>
+<l></l>
+<l>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Alice Carey.</hi></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+It is therefore pertinent to look sufficiently at
+the teachings of the spirits to ascertain their character.
+Here we shall find some most damaging
+testimony; for&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<p>
+1. <hi rend='italic'>They Deny God.</hi>&mdash;It is no pleasure to transcribe
+the utterances of practical atheism; yet enough
+should be given to show what they teach on the great
+fundamental principles of Christianity. At a séance,
+reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>, July 11, 1868, the
+following questions were addressed to the spirits,
+and the accompanying answers received:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;It is said in the Bible that man is
+made in the image of God. Please tell us what that image is.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='079'/><anchor id='Pg079'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;He is made in the image of everything
+that ever was, that is, or that ever shall be. He holds within his
+caliber everything that exists, that ever has existed, or that
+ever will exist. Now, God is included in this. If he exists at
+all, he exists everywhere (and we have taken in everything),
+every place, every name, every condition. I believe that the
+human stands above all things else, and holds within its
+embrace all the past, present, and future. In this sense he
+is created and exists in the image of God.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;What is God essentially?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Everything. Essentially you are God, and I am
+God&mdash;the flowers, the grass, the pebbles, the stars, the moon,
+the sun, everything is God.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The Devil, through the serpent in the garden,
+taught Adam and Eve that the soul is immortal,
+and has transfused the same idea very successfully
+through paganism, Romanism, and Protestantism;
+but he also said, <q>Ye shall be as gods;</q> and now,
+it seems, he is trying to make the world swallow this
+other leg of his falsehood; but by putting it forth
+under the form of the old pagan pantheism, that
+everything is God, and God is everything, he betrays
+the lie he uttered in Eden; for in that case, Adam
+and Eve were no more gods after they ate than they
+were before.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Another séance, reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner</hi> about
+twenty years later than the one quoted above, April
+28, 1888; an inquirer addressed to the <q>spirits</q> a
+question about God, and received answer, a portion
+of which is presented below:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Some Spiritualists, I learn, believe in
+a God; otherwise they would not pray to him&mdash;taking for granted
+that there is such a being. Please enlighten us.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;We have yet to come in contact with a thorough
+Spiritualist, one who understands something of spiritual life
+and the revelations made by returning spirits, who directly
+<pb n='080'/><anchor id='Pg080'/>
+believes in a personal God. True, many Spiritualists and
+many returning spirits offer their invocations to the <q>Great
+Supreme Spirit of all life and intelligence,</q> not because they
+expect to change the order of law, or to come into direct
+communication with, or nearness to, a Great Supreme Being,
+clothed in the image of man, but because they desire to enter
+an atmosphere of harmony, to uplift their own souls to a
+plane of thought which will bring spiritual inspiration to
+their minds. We make a distinction between that Great
+Supreme Overruling Force which we may call the Superior
+Spirit of Intelligence, Wisdom, and Love, and the personal
+Deity, clothed in the image of man, gigantic in stature,
+jealous and revengeful by nature, which has been set up and
+worshiped as the Christian Jehovah. We know of no Spiritualist&mdash;let
+us repeat it&mdash;who believes in such a personal
+God; but we can believe and accept the idea, though it may
+pass beyond almost our finite comprehension, that there is a
+grand universal Spirit permeating all forms of existence;
+that this great source of light, of activity and vitality
+vibrates with intelligence, and that it is superior to all
+organic forms, however grand they may prove to be.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The same views have been taught all along by
+the <q>spirits</q> of Spiritualism, as could be shown by
+extracts dating as far back as 1858, only ten years
+after the <q>Rochester Knockings.</q> And though
+Spiritualism is now assuming more of the sedate
+speech of organized Christianity, the spirits do
+not modify their teaching in respect to God. In
+<q>Automatic, or Spirit, Writing,</q> p. 148 (1896), are
+given many messages from the spirits through the
+mediumship of Mrs. S. A. Underwood, wife of the
+editor of the <hi rend='italic'>Philosophical Journal</hi>, Chicago. The
+<q>spirits</q> set forth their teaching in answer to questions
+by the medium, some of which have reference
+to God, though his name is not used. Thus on page
+148, this conversation is given:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<pb n='081'/><anchor id='Pg081'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;You often in these communications speak
+of the binding laws of spiritual life&mdash;that because of them you
+cannot give us such and such information, etc. Now who
+makes those laws, and whence came they, and how are they
+taught?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;Thou say'st <q>who</q>&mdash;therefore
+we cannot answer. Go back to the first question and ask one at a time.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Well, who makes the laws?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Spirits are not bondaged by
+<emph>persons</emph>.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Then how do you come to know those
+laws?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Pharos will now answer. Spiritual laws are
+spiritually perceived, as soon as the physical perceptions are got
+rid of.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Could you explain to us those laws?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Courses of teaching from our side are as necessary
+for you to understand even the rudimentary laws of Being,
+as courses in your colleges; and guessed-at spirit knowledge
+from your bounded view must always fail in accurate
+wording.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+It will be perceived that the answers to these
+questions are, from the beginning, evasive; but the
+real idea entertained clearly shines through the thin
+veil drawn over to conceal it. The questions pertain
+to the source, or authorship, of the <q>laws of
+spiritual life;</q> and this would generally be understood
+to be God. But on a technicality the spirits
+refuse to answer. The question is made plainer,
+and the answer is that <q>spirits are not bondaged
+by <emph>persons</emph>;</q> that is to say that spirits have nothing
+to do with personalities, and that no personal
+being has anything to do with those laws. There is
+therefore no God who formulates and promulgates
+them. No wonder the question followed, how they
+came to know these laws; and it was a very convenient
+answer that we will know when we get there
+<pb n='082'/><anchor id='Pg082'/>
+and have lost all physical perceptions. A desire for
+some explanation of those laws is met with the not
+very satisfactory information that they (the spirits)
+would have to give those in our sphere a course of
+teaching, like a college course, before we could understand
+even the rudimentary laws of Being. The
+only thing clear in all this is that there is no God;
+at least no personal God such as the Bible reveals.
+To the <q>grand whole,</q> whatever that may be, they
+give the name of the <q>All of Being.</q> In answer to a
+question concerning <q>personalities,</q> they are called
+<q>atoms emanating from the same source&mdash;parts
+of the great All of Being, partaking of the general
+characteristics of the grand whole.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Page 149.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Reader, how does all this compare in your own
+mind with the God of the Bible, the Creator of all
+things, the loving Father of us all, who has for his
+creatures more tender regard and pity than a father
+can feel for his own children, whose very name and
+nature is Love, and who has purposed infinite good
+for all men, and will carry it out unless they, as free
+moral agents, by their own sin, prevent his doing for
+them what he desires to do? The Bible is not responsible
+for the aspersions cast upon God by a
+false theology, which misrepresent his character and
+give occasion for the charges of vindictiveness and
+vengeance and awful tyranny, so freely made by
+fallen angels and wicked men. They do not belong
+to him who is the source of all goodness and mercy;
+and we would labor to bring those who have perverted
+views of God back to a right conception of
+<pb n='083'/><anchor id='Pg083'/>
+the great Friend of sinners, as he has revealed himself
+in his holy word.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+2. <hi rend='italic'>They Deny Jesus Christ.</hi>&mdash;Christ is revealed
+as the divine Son of the Father; and to deny that he
+was or is any more than any other man is surely to
+deny him; and the scripture says that <q>whosoever
+denieth the Son, the same hath not the Father.</q>
+1 John 2:23. The following is what the <q>spirits</q>
+began to teach in the earliest stages of Spiritualism
+concerning Christ:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>What is the meaning of the word Christ?&mdash;'Tis not, as
+generally supposed, the Son of the Creator of all things. Any
+just and perfect being is Christ. The crucifixion of Christ is
+nothing more than the crucifixion of the spirit, which all
+have to contend with before becoming perfect and righteous.
+The miraculous conception of Christ is merely a fabulous
+tale.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Spiritual Telegraph, No. 37.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+How fully does this declaration that any good
+man is Christ open the way for the fulfilment of the
+Saviour's prophecy that in the last days many
+false Christs and false prophets shall arise, and shall
+deceive many. See Matt. 24:24. A prospectus
+of the <hi rend='italic'>Truth Seeker</hi> contained these words: <q>It
+shall be the organ through which the christs of the
+last dispensation will choose to speak.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A little later, July 19, 1862, there was published
+in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi> a lecture on Spiritualism by
+Mrs. C. L. V. Hatch, in which she spoke of Christ
+as follows:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Of Jesus of Nazareth, personally, we have but little to
+say. Certain it is, we find sufficient that is divine in his life
+and teachings, without professing to believe in the fables of
+<pb n='084'/><anchor id='Pg084'/>
+theologians respecting his birth and parentage. We are content
+to take the simple record as it stands, and to regard him
+as the son of Joseph and Mary, endowed with such purity and
+harmony of character as fitted him to be the Apostle and
+Revelator of the highest wisdom ever taught to man. It is
+the fundamental article in the creed of modern Christianity,
+that Jesus was divine in his nature, and of miraculous origin
+and nativity. Now, no human being of ordinary intelligence,
+unwarped by educational bias, would ever profess to believe in
+such a monstrous figment, which only shows the blindness of
+superstitious prejudice.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Here is something twenty-four years later. A
+séance reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>, Oct. 9,
+1886, gives the following questions and answer:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Do <q>spirits</q>
+generally believe in the divinity of
+Jesus Christ; that he was the Son of God; that he was crucified,
+dead, and buried, and rose again the third day for the
+saving of all who should believe in him?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;No; spirits generally&mdash;advanced spirits, those
+who are intelligent, having studied deeply into the principles
+of life&mdash;do not accept the theory of the divinity of Jesus
+Christ; they do not believe that he was crucified for mankind,
+in the accepted understanding of that term.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Some years ago a class was formed in New York
+City for the purpose of investigating what is called
+the spiritual philosophy. Before that class, Dr.
+Weisse said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Friend Orton seems to make rather light of the communications
+from spirits concerning Christ. It seems, nevertheless,
+that all the testimony received from advanced spirits
+only shows that Christ was a medium and reformer in Judea;
+that he now is an advanced spirit in the sixth sphere; but
+that he never claimed to be God, and does not at present. I
+have had two communications to that effect. I have also
+read some that Dr. Hare had. If I am wrong in my views of
+the Bible, I should like to know it, for the spirits and mediums
+<emph>do not contradict me</emph>.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='085'/><anchor id='Pg085'/>
+
+<p>
+The peculiar insult here purposely offered to the
+Saviour will be appreciated when it is noted that at
+about the same time the spirits located Thomas Paine,
+the well-known skeptic, in the seventh sphere, one
+sphere above that of Christ. He must therefore
+have progressed very rapidly, seeing he so quickly
+surpassed Christ, who had over 1700 years the start
+of him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Before the same class Dr. Hare is reported to
+have spoken as follows, which we give without
+assuming any responsibility for the spiritual grammar
+therein exhibited:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>He said that he had been thus protected from deception
+by the spirits of Washington and Franklin, and that they
+had brought Jesus Christ to him, with whom he had also
+communicated. He had first repelled him as an impostor;
+but became convinced afterward that it was really him. He
+related that he had learned from that high and holy spirit,
+that he was not the character that Christendom had represented
+him to be, and not responsible for the errors connected
+with his name, but that he was, while on earth, a medium of
+high and extraordinary powers, and that it was solely through
+his mediumistic capabilities that he attained so great knowledge,
+and was enabled to practice such apparent wonders.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+When Christ was upon earth, it was envy, jealousy,
+and malice that moved the Pharisees against
+him (Matt 27:18); and it seems that he is followed
+by the same feelings in the spirit world. This is
+natural; for he who fired the hearts of the Pharisees
+with their malignant spirit, is the same one, as we
+have seen, who is working through the powers of
+darkness in the unseen world to-day. Any way to
+degrade Christ in the minds of men to a level with,
+<pb n='086'/><anchor id='Pg086'/>
+or below, the mediums of our time, and make it
+appear that they can do as great wonders as he,
+seems to be the object in view.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There is plainly manifest an irrepressible desire
+on the part of spirits and mediums to show Christ
+to be inferior to the leaders of other great religions
+of the world, as Buddha, Confucius, Zoroaster, etc.
+Thus, at a seance held in 1864 (<hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>,
+June 4), the spirits were questioned as follows:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Have you ever seen Confucius or
+Zoroaster?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;Yes, many times.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;In the order of degree, which stands the
+higher in moral excellence&mdash;Jesus Christ, Confucius, or Zoroaster?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Confucius stands in morality higher than the other
+two.... Jesus himself claims to have been inspired to a
+large extent, by this same Confucius. And if we are to place
+reliance upon the records concerning each individual, we
+shall find that Jesus spoke the truth when he tells us that he
+was inspired by Confucius.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Indeed! Where are the records referred to?
+Where and when did Jesus <q>speak</q> the words
+attributed to him? And where does he tell <emph>us</emph>, that
+he was inspired by Confucius? So we are to believe,
+are we, that the gospel of Jesus Christ, is only a
+rehash of what was originally wrought out in the
+brain of Confucius, and not words fresh from the
+fountain of light given him by his Father in heaven,
+to speak, as he claimed them to be? Yet he was a
+high and <emph>holy</emph> medium. We wonder what standard
+of holiness and perfection the spirits can have.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But still later, in 1896, we find the spirits putting
+forth the same teaching in reference to Jesus Christ.
+In <q>Automatic, or Spirit Writing,</q> pp. 148, 149,
+we have this:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<pb n='087'/><anchor id='Pg087'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Do you accept Jesus as the model of
+spiritual knowledge?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;Shall you give us a better example?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Well, we are willing to accept him as one
+of many, but not as chief.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Change the name. Call him by other
+names&mdash;Buddha, Krishna, or Mohammed, the spirit is one&mdash;is ever
+and ever the same. Spirit is one, not many, however often
+the name is changed.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Were not Jesus, Buddha, and Mohammed
+distinct personalities?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;No more than all atoms emanating from the
+same source&mdash;parts of the great All of Being, partaking of the
+general characteristics of the grand whole&mdash;but yielding to
+environments, showed marked individualism, such as the
+force of the times in which they appeared would create in
+their characters.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Are these leaders of religious thought not
+distinct individualities now?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;No, not on spiritual planes, which do not recognize
+any now.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Thus they persist in denying that Jesus holds any
+pre-eminent position as a religious teacher. He may
+as well be called Buddha, Krishna, or Mohammed
+as Jesus. They are all the same spirit, all atoms of
+the great <q>All of Being,</q> all as much alike as three
+drops of water from the same ocean, and what is
+more bewildering still, they have now all lost their
+individuality in the spirit world. How, then, can it
+be told that Christ is in the sixth sphere, and Paine
+in the seventh? Such teachers, though they may
+claim to be good spirits, are branded as antichrist by
+both John and Jude. John says: <q>Who is a liar but
+he that denieth that Jesus is the Christ? He is antichrist
+that denieth the Father and the Son.</q> 1 John
+2:22. Again, <q>Every spirit that confesseth not
+that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh is not of
+<pb n='088'/><anchor id='Pg088'/>
+God.</q> 1 John 4:3. According to the spirits,
+Jesus Christ has no more come in the flesh than
+have Buddha, Mohammed, Confucius, Zoroaster, or
+any other religious teacher. They all simply yielded
+to their environments, and showed marked individualism
+while on this earth, and have now become
+absorbed in the <q>great whole</q> in the spirit world.
+Thus, as Jude says (verse 4), they deny <q>the only
+Lord God, and our Lord Jesus Christ.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So much for their denial of Christ in his person.
+They also deny him in his offices; for to deny and
+ridicule what he came to do, is one of the most
+effectual ways of denying him. The great work of
+Christ was the shedding of his blood to atone for the
+sins of the world; and the spirits are particularly
+bitter in denouncing that idea. If such sentiments
+were uttered only by open and professed scoffers, it
+would not do so much harm; but it is not unusual
+to find those bearing the title of <q>Reverend</q> descanting
+on these themes in a manner to show themselves
+antichrist, according to the definition of that
+term by John. And even this need not surprise us;
+for the sure word of prophecy has foretold that some
+who have once held the true faith will depart therefrom
+to give heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines
+of devils. 1 Tim. 4:1.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One R. P. Wilson, to whose name is attached the
+ministerial title, in his lectures on <q>Spiritual
+Science,</q> said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Although as a believer in true spiritual philosophy, we
+cannot receive the orthodox views of salvation, yet we recognize
+<pb n='089'/><anchor id='Pg089'/>
+the birth of a Saviour and Redeemer into the universal
+hearts of humanity, <emph>wherein truly the deity is incarnate</emph>, dwelling
+in the interior of man's spirit. We believe that each
+soul of man is born with his or her Saviour within them; for
+as man is an embodiment of the universe in epitome, he contains
+in his central nature an incarnation of deity. The
+germ of immortal unfoldings resides within the spirit of it,
+which needs only appropriate conditions to call forth the expanding
+and elevating powers of the soul.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In <q>Spiritual Science Demonstrated,</q> p. 229,
+Dr. Hare said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Since my spirit sister's translation to the spheres, she
+has risen from the fifth to the sixth sphere. It has been
+alleged by her that her ascent was retarded by her belief in
+the atonement.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+A <q>spirit</q> calling himself Deacon John Norton,
+as reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>, said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I used to believe in the atonement; I honestly believed
+that Christ died to save the world, and that by and through
+his death all must be saved if saved at all. Now I see that
+this is folly&mdash;it cannot be so. The light through Christ, the
+Holy One, shone in darkness; the darkness could not comprehend
+it; and thus it crucified the body, and Christ died a
+martyr. He was not called in that way, that by the shedding
+of his blood, the vast multitude coming after him
+should find salvation. Everything in nature proves this
+false. They tell me here that Christ was the most perfect
+man of his time. I am told here also that he is worthy to be
+worshiped, because of his goodness; and where man finds
+goodness he may worship. God's face is seen in the violet,
+and man may well worship this tiny flower.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In the pantheism of Spiritualism, every object in
+nature, the tiny flower, the pebbles, the trees, the
+birds and bees, are worthy to be worshiped as much
+as Christ. In one breath the spirits extol him as a
+most perfect man, pre-eminent in goodness and
+<pb n='090'/><anchor id='Pg090'/>
+worthy to be worshiped, and in the next, place him
+in a position which would make him the greatest
+fraud and impostor that ever lived. Such inconsistencies
+show that Christ is a miracle which evil
+men and evil angels know not how to dispose of.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As they deny Christ, they must, logically, deny
+the doctrine of his second coming. This doctrine is
+made of especial importance and prominence in the
+New Testament. The nature of that coming, its
+manner, and the circumstances attending it are so
+fully described, that no one who adopts the Bible
+view can possibly be deceived by false christs.
+But the church and the world have been turned
+away from the true doctrine of the second advent,
+and the way is thus prepared for the great deceptions
+of the last days. Spiritualism is one of these, and
+claims that it is itself that second coming. Joel
+Tiffany, a former celebrated teacher of Spiritualism,
+has said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I must look for the coming of my Lord in my own
+affection. He must come in the clouds of my spiritual
+heavens, or he cannot come for any benefit to me.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+And through Mrs. Conant, a famous medium of
+the early days of Spiritualism, the controlling spirit
+said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>This second coming of Christ means simply the second
+coming of truths that are not themselves new, that have
+always existed.... He said, <q>When I come again, I shall
+not be known to you.</q> Spiritualism is that second coming of
+Christ.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light, Nov. 18, 1865.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+But the Bible description of this event is, the
+revelation of the Lord himself in the clouds of
+<pb n='091'/><anchor id='Pg091'/>
+heaven in the glory of the Father, the reverberating
+shout of triumph, the voice of the archangel, the
+trump of God, the flash of his presence like that of
+the lightning, the wailing of the tribes of the earth,
+as they thus behold him, while unprepared to meet
+him, and the resurrection of the righteous dead.
+And where and when have these inseparable accompaniments
+of that event been seen? They do not
+occur when a person is converted from sin, nor do
+they occur in the dying chamber, nor have they
+occurred in Spiritualism; and until they do take
+place, the second coming of Christ is not accomplished.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Many seek to dispose of such testimony as this,
+by making it all figurative, or meeting it with a bold
+denial, as in the case of the resurrection of the body.
+And the way has been too well prepared for this
+condition of things, by much of the teaching of
+popular orthodoxy, which turns the early records of
+the Bible into childish allegory, perverts the true
+doctrine of the coming and kingdom of Christ, and
+denies the resurrection of the dead, by destroying
+its necessity through the immortality of the soul.
+On the vital point of the resurrection, Dr. Clarke
+makes this noteworthy remark:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>One remark I cannot help making,&mdash;The doctrine of the
+resurrection appears to have been thought of much more
+consequence among the primitive Christians than it is <emph>now</emph>!
+How is this?&mdash;The apostles were continually insisting on it,
+and exciting the followers of God to diligence, obedience, and
+cheerfulness through it. And their successors in the present
+day seldom mention it! So the apostles preached, and so the
+primitive Christians believed; so we preach and so our hearers
+<pb n='092'/><anchor id='Pg092'/>
+believe. There is not a doctrine in the gospel on which more
+stress is laid; and there is not a doctrine in the present system
+of preaching which is treated with more neglect.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>On
+1 Corinthians
+15</hi> (<hi rend='italic'>original edition</hi>).<note place='foot'>The revision
+of Dr. Clarke's Commentary by Dr. Curry, proves
+the truthfulness of what the doctor here says, for this important
+passage is entirely eliminated, and its place filled with statements
+which Dr. Clarke did not make, and sentiments which he did not
+believe. It is no less than a crime to treat a dead man's work in this
+manner.</note>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In view of the way the Bible has been treated by
+its professed friends, it is no wonder that infidelity
+prevails, and Spiritualism prospers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+3. <hi rend='italic'>They Deny the Bible.</hi>&mdash;The denial of God
+and Christ, as set forth above is, of course, a denial
+of the Bible; and not much need therefore be added
+on this point. We quote only a few representative
+utterances. Doctor Hare (<q>Spiritual Science Demonstrated,</q>
+p. 209) says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The Old Testament does not impart a knowledge of
+immortality, without which religion were worthless. The
+notions derived from the gospels are vague, disgusting, inaccurate,
+and difficult to believe.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+As to the Old Testament, it would seem doubtful
+whether Mr. Hare ever read far enough to find (1) Job
+exclaiming: <q>For I know that my Redeemer liveth,
+and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth:
+and though after my skin worms destroy this body,
+yet in my flesh shall I see God: whom I shall see for
+myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not another;
+though my reins be consumed within me</q> (or, as
+the margin reads: <q>My reins within me are consumed
+with earnest desire [for that day];</q>) or
+(2) David: <q>I shall be satisfied, when I awake, with
+<pb n='093'/><anchor id='Pg093'/>
+thy likeness;</q> or (3) Isaiah: <q>Thy dead men shall
+live, together with my dead body shall they arise.
+Awake and sing, ye that dwell in the dust;</q> or
+(4) Ezekiel: <q>Behold, O my people, I will open
+your graves, and cause you to come up out of your
+graves;</q> or (5) Daniel: <q>Many of them that sleep
+in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting
+life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt;</q>
+and (6) Hosea: <q>I will ransom them from
+the power of the grave, I will redeem them from
+death.</q> Job 19:25-27; Ps. 17:15; Isa. 26:19;
+Eze. 37:12; Dan. 12:2; Hosea 13:14. And as
+for the New Testament, it is no doubt <q>disgusting</q>
+to many Spiritualists to read that <q>the fearful, and
+unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers,
+and whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and
+all liars, shall have their part in the lake which
+burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the second
+death;</q> and that without the city <q>are dogs, and
+sorcerers, and whoremongers, and murderers, and
+idolaters, and whosoever loveth and maketh a lie.</q>
+Rev. 21:8; 22:15.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Communications from spirits are offered in place
+of the Bible as a better source of instruction, the
+Bible being denounced, as above quoted, as <q>vague,
+inaccurate, and difficult to believe.</q> A brief comparison
+of the two will furnish pertinent evidence on
+this point. Take, on the Bible side, for example,
+a portion of the record of creation (Gen. 1:1-5):&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.
+And the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was
+<pb n='094'/><anchor id='Pg094'/>
+upon the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved
+upon the face of the waters. And God said, Let there be
+light: and there was light. And God saw the light, that it
+was good: and God divided the light from the darkness.
+And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called
+Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The facts stated in this record, the profoundest
+minds can never comprehend; the language in which
+they are expressed, a little child can understand.
+The statements are plain and simple, a perfect model
+of perspicuous narrative. Place by the side of this
+an account of the same event, as given us from the
+<q>spheres.</q> The spirits have undertaken to produce
+a new Bible, beginning, like the old, with the
+creation; and this is the way it starts out, through
+the mediumship of <q>Rev.</q> T. L. Harris:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">1. In the beginning God, the Life in God, the Lord in
+God, the Holy Procedure, inhabited the dome, which, burning
+in magnificence primeval, and revolving in prismatic and
+undulatory spiral, appeared, and was the pavilion of the
+Spirit: In glory inexhaustible and inconceivable, in movement
+spherical, unfolded in harmonious procedure disclosive.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>2. And God said, Let good be manifest! and good unfolded
+and moral-mental germs, ovariums of heavens, descended from
+the Procedure. And the dome of disclosive magnificence
+was heaven, and the expanded glory beneath was the germ
+of creation. And the divine Procedure inbreathed upon the
+disclosure, and the disclosure became the universe.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+We will inflict no more of this <q>undulatory
+spiral</q> nonsense on the reader. He now has both
+records before him, and can judge for himself which
+is the more worthy of his regard. There have been
+Spiritualists who, writing in their normal state, and
+not yet fully divorced from the influence of their
+<pb n='095'/><anchor id='Pg095'/>
+former education, have acknowledged the authenticity
+of the Bible, and the doctrines of Jesus as
+recorded in the gospels. But these, it is claimed,
+are to be understood according to a spiritual meaning
+which underlies the letter; and this spiritual
+meaning generally turns out to be contrary to the
+letter, which is a virtual denial of the record itself.
+But the quotations here given (only a specimen of
+the multitudes that might be presented) are given on
+the authority of the <q>spirits,</q> whose teachings are
+what we wish to ascertain.
+</p>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>They Deny All Distinction Between Right
+And Wrong.</head>
+
+<p>
+There is implanted in the hearts of men by
+nature, a sense of right and a sense of wrong. Even
+those who know not God, nor Christ, nor the gospel,
+possess this power of discrimination. This is what
+Paul, in Rom. 2:15, calls <q>the work of the law
+written in their hearts, their conscience also bearing
+witness, and their thoughts the meanwhile accusing
+or else excusing one another.</q> That this distinction
+should now be denied by a class in a civilized community,
+professing to be advanced thinkers and
+teachers, among whom are found the learned, the
+refined, and the professedly pious, shows that we
+have fallen upon strange times. To be sure, many
+of them talk fluently of the beauty and perfection
+of divine laws; but in the sense in which they would
+have them understood, they rob them of all characteristics
+of law. The first great essential of law is
+<pb n='096'/><anchor id='Pg096'/>
+authority; but this they take away from it; the next
+is penalty for its violation; but this they deny, and
+thus degrade the law to a mere piece of advice.
+The <q>Healing of the Nations,</q> an authoritative
+work among Spiritualists, pp. 163, 164, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Thus thy body needs no laws, having been in its creation
+supplied with all that could be necessary for its government.
+Thy spirit is above all laws, and above all essences
+which flow therein. God created thy spirit from within his
+own, and surely the Creator of law is above it; the Creator of
+essences must be above all essence created. And if thou hast
+what may be or might be termed laws, they are always subservient
+to thy spirit. Good men need no laws, and laws will
+do bad or ignorant men no good. If a man be above law, he
+should never be governed by it. If he be below, what good
+can dead, dry words do him?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>True knowledge removeth all laws from power by placing
+the spirit of man above it.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+A correspondent of the <hi rend='italic'>Telegraph</hi> said of this
+work, <q>The Healing of the Nations:</q>&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>According to its teaching, no place is found in the universe
+for divine wrath and vengeance. All are alike and forever
+the object of God's love, pity, and tender care&mdash;the difference
+between the two extremes of human character on earth,
+being as a mere atom when compared with perfect wisdom.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+This is a favorite comparison with them,&mdash;that
+the difference between God and the best of men is
+so much greater than the extremes of character
+among men,&mdash;the most upright and the most wicked,&mdash;that
+the latter is a mere atom, and not accounted
+of in God's sight. That there is an infinite difference
+between God and the best of men, is all true; for
+God is infinite in all his attributes, and man is very
+imperfect at the best. But to argue from this that
+<pb n='097'/><anchor id='Pg097'/>
+God is inferior to man, so that he cannot discern
+difference in character here, even as man can plainly
+discern it, seems but mad-house reasoning. What
+would we think of the man who had the same regard
+for the thief as for the honest man, for the murderer
+as for the philanthropist? To ignore such
+distinctions as even men are able to discern would
+destroy the stability of all human governments;
+what then would be the effect on the divine government?
+God has given his law&mdash;holy, just, and
+good&mdash;to men, and commanded obedience. He
+has attached the penalty to disobedience: <q>The soul
+that sinneth, it shall die,</q> <q>The wages of sin is
+death.</q> Eze. 18:20; Rom. 6:23. And in the
+judgment, the distinction God makes in character
+will be plainly declared; for he will set the righteous
+on his right hand, but the wicked on the left. Matt.
+25:32, 33.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This view of the failure of law, and the absence
+of all human accountability, naturally leads to a bold
+denial of sin and the existence of crime. The
+<q>Healing of the Nations,</q> p. 169, says: <q>Unto
+God there is no error; all is comparatively good.</q>
+The same work says that God views error as <q>undeveloped
+good.</q> A. J. Davis (<q>Nature of Divine
+Revelation,</q> p. 521) says: <q>Sin, indeed, in the
+common acceptation of that term, does not really
+exist.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A discourse from J. S. Loveland, once a minister,
+reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>, contained
+this paragraph:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<pb n='098'/><anchor id='Pg098'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>With God there is no crime; with man there is. Crime
+does not displease God, but it does man. God is in the darkest
+crime, as in the highest possible holiness. He is equally
+pleased in either case. Both harmonize equally with his
+attributes&mdash;they are only different sides of the same Deity.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In <q>Automatic Writing</q> (1896), p. 139, a question
+was asked concerning evil, meaning sin and
+crimes among men. The spirit answered that these
+were conditions of progress, and were so necessary
+to elevation that they were to be welcomed, not
+hated. The questions and answers are as follows:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Can you give us any information in
+regard to the so-called Devil&mdash;once so firmly believed in?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;Devil is a word used to conjure
+with.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Well, then, as the word itself doubtless
+arose from the word <q>evil,</q> which means to us unhappiness, can you
+give us an explanation of the existence of evil?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Evil&mdash;as you who are the greatest
+sufferers from it, name one of the conditions of progress&mdash;is as necessary,
+aye, more so, than what you call good, to your and our elevation
+to higher spheres. It is not to be hated, but welcomed.
+It is the winnowing of the grain from the chaff. Children of
+truth, don't worry over what to you seems evil; soon you will
+be of us and will understand, and be rejoiced that what you
+call evil persists and works as leaven in the great work of
+mind versus matter.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;But it seems to us impossible that brutal
+crimes like murder, assassinations, or great catastrophes, by which
+the innocent are made to suffer at the hands of malicious and
+cruel persons, should work for ultimate good?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Percipients of the grand whole of Being
+can understand but may not state to those on your plane, the underlying
+good making itself asserted even through such dreadful
+manifestations of human imperfections as the crimes you
+name.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">When asked why certain wrongs were allowed to be
+perpetuated, this answer was given:&mdash;</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='099'/><anchor id='Pg099'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">There is a law of psychical essence which makes necessary
+all these ephemeral entanglements which to you seem
+so severe, and you will yet see from your own standpoint of
+reason why such hardships must be endured by questioning
+souls on the highway of progress.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;But do you from your vantage ground of
+larger knowledge grow careless that such injustice is done?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;We do care, but cannot remedy.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Why can't you remedy?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Because humanity is but an embryo of
+existence.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;If you can perceive the trials and sorrows
+of mortals, and can interfere to save them, why do you not more
+often do so?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;When undeveloped souls pay the price of development,
+we stand aloof, and let the play go on. Interference
+will do no good.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In view of such a confession, what becomes of
+the many claims put forth by other spirits that they
+are ever hovering near their friends to assist and
+guard them, to help and inspire them, and keep
+them from evil and danger? These say that those
+terrible crimes (and this would include all crimes)
+are all necessary, that they are tending to develop
+souls, and bring them to higher spheres, and thus
+are just as laudable as good actions; so they settle
+back in a gleeful mood, and <q>let the play go on;</q>
+let wicked men cultivate and develop and practice
+their evil propensities, and the innocent suffer. Well
+may men pray to be delivered from such a spirit
+assembly as that.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In <q>Healing of the Nations,</q> p. 402, Dr. Hare
+says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>That anything should, even for an instant, be contrary
+to his will, is inconsistent with his foresight and omnipotency.
+<pb n='100'/><anchor id='Pg100'/>
+It would be a miracle that anything counter to his
+will should exist.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+A lecture on the <q>Philosophy of Reform,</q> given
+by A. J. Davis, in New York City, bears testimony
+to the same effect:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>In the Hebrew and Christian Scriptures, it is affirmed
+that sin is the transgression of the law. But by an examination
+of nature, the true and only Bible, it will be seen that
+this statement is erroneous. It gives a wrong idea of both
+man and law.... It will be found impossible for man to
+transgress a law of God.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Thus they very illogically assume that if God
+has the will or the power to prevent evil, it could not
+exist, and therefore, if there is such a God, he is responsible,
+forgetting that God is long-suffering, and
+bears long with vessels of wrath fitted for destruction,
+before they pass beyond the limits of his mercy
+and perish. But Mr. Davis says further:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Reformers need to understand that war is as natural to
+one stage of human development as peace is natural to another.
+My brother has the spirit of revenge. Shall I call
+him a demon? Is not his spirit natural to his condition?
+War is not evil or repulsive except to a man of peace. Who
+made the non-resistant? Polygamy is as natural to one stage
+of development as oranges are natural to the South. Shall I
+grow indignant, and because I am a monogamist, condemn
+my kinsman of yore? Who made him? Who made me?
+We both came up under the confluence of social and political
+circumstances; and we both represent our conditions and our
+teachers. The doctrine of blame and praise is natural only
+to an unphilosophical condition of mind. The spirit of complaint&mdash;of
+attributing <q>evil</q> to this and that plane of society&mdash;is
+natural; but is natural only to undeveloped minds. It is
+a profanation&mdash;a sort of atheism of which I would not be
+guilty.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='101'/><anchor id='Pg101'/>
+
+<p>
+The Bible says, <q>Woe unto them that call evil
+good, and good evil; that put darkness for light and
+light for darkness.</q> Isa. 5:20. And it makes
+another declaration which finds abundant confirmation
+in the sentiments quoted above: <q>Because sentence
+against an evil work is not executed speedily,
+therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set
+in them to do evil.</q> Eccl. 8:11.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Having thus attempted to destroy in the minds
+of men all distinction between good and evil, all
+being alike in God's sight, and all equally good, they
+try to make the way a little broader and easier for
+men to give full rein to all the propensities and
+inclinations of an evil heart, by teaching that there
+is no Lawgiver and Judge before whom men must
+appear to give an account of their deeds, but that
+they are responsible to themselves alone, and must
+give account only to their own natures. Thus Hon.
+J. B. Hall, in a lecture reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of
+Light</hi>, Feb. 6, 1864, said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I believe that man is amenable to no law not written
+upon his own nature, no matter by whom given.... By his
+own nature he must be tried&mdash;by his own acts he must stand
+or fall. True, man must give an account to God for all his
+deeds; but how?&mdash;Solely by giving account to his own nature&mdash;to
+himself.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+At a séance reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>,
+May 28, 1864, the following question was proposed,
+and the answer was by the communicating spirit:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;To whom or to what is the soul
+accountable?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;To no Deity outside the realm of its own being,
+certainly; to no God which is a creation of fancy; to no
+<pb n='102'/><anchor id='Pg102'/>
+Deity who dwells in a far-off heaven, and sits upon a white
+throne; to no Jesus of Nazareth; to no patron saint; to no
+personality; to no principle outside our own individual
+selves.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The <q>Healing of the Nations,</q> p. 74, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Man is his own saviour, his own redeemer. He is his
+own judge&mdash;in his own scales weighed.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+A little over twenty years after the birth of
+Spiritualism, Aug. 25, 1868, the Fifth National
+Convention of Spiritualists was held in Corinthian
+hall, Rochester, N. Y., at which a formal <q>Declaration
+of Principles</q> was set forth. From the seventh
+and eighth paragraphs, under principle 20, we quote
+the following:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Seventh</hi>, To stimulate the mind to the largest
+investigation ... that we may be qualified to <emph>judge for ourselves</emph> what
+is right and true. <hi rend='italic'>Eighth</hi>, To deliver from <emph>all bondage to
+authority</emph>, whether vested in <emph>creed</emph>, <emph>book</emph>, or
+<emph>church</emph>, except that of received truth.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+This is the same principle of man's responsibility
+to no one but himself, authoritatively adopted.
+What a picture have we now before us! Destroy
+man's belief in, and reverence for, God and Christ,
+as they do; lead him to ridicule the atonement, the
+only remedy for sin; make him disbelieve the Bible;
+take away from his mind all distinction between right
+and wrong, and assure him that he is accountable
+to no one but himself; and how better could one
+prepare the way to turn men into demons. All this
+the spirits, by their teaching, seek to do. And can
+any one fail to foresee the result? Comparatively
+a small proportion of the inhabitants of this country
+<pb n='103'/><anchor id='Pg103'/>
+have committed themselves to these views; consequently
+but little of the legitimate fruit as yet
+appears; but take human nature as it is and suppose
+all the inhabitants of this land to act on these principles,
+and then what would we have?&mdash;A pandemonium,
+a scene of anarchy, riot, bloodshed, and
+all depths of rottenness and corruption&mdash;in short,
+a hell so much worse than that to which the Devil
+is popularly assigned, that he would at once change
+his location and here take up his abode.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+That this statement is none too strong, will appear
+as we look a moment at some of the results
+which have already developed themselves among the
+friends of such views, and as their inevitable fruit.
+The tendency can by no possibility be otherwise than
+to atheism and all immorality. As has been already
+remarked, the repulsive features were made much
+more prominent in the early stages of Spiritualism
+than at the present time. They are now held in the
+background. The literature touching these points
+has been remodeled, and an air of respectability and
+religion assumed. Most of the quotations therefore
+date some years back, and would be charitably withheld
+were there any evidence of reform either present
+or prospective. But where or when have these
+principles ever been officially repudiated, and evidence
+given that the consequent practices had been
+abandoned? That there are many Spiritualists of
+upright and moral lives, and honorable members of
+society, in the best sense of that term, we gladly
+believe; but is not this because they are living above
+<pb n='104'/><anchor id='Pg104'/>
+their principles; and due, not to the influence, but
+rather to the non-influence of real Spiritualism upon
+their lives? The quotations given are from those
+who have been prominent among Spiritualists as
+authors and speakers. If they overdraw the picture,
+the responsibility is with them. Dr. B. P. Randolph,
+author of a work <q>Dealings with the Dead,</q>
+was eight years a medium, then renounced Spiritualism
+long enough to expose its character, then
+returned to it again, unable to break entirely away
+from the spell it has fastened upon him. He gives
+his opinion of it in the following scathing words:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">I enter the arena as the champion of common sense,
+against what in my soul I believe to be the most tremendous
+enemy of God, morals, and religion, that ever found foothold
+on the earth;&mdash;the most seductive, hence the most dangerous,
+form of sensualism that ever cursed a nation, age, or people.
+I was a medium about eight years, during which time I made
+three thousand speeches, and traveled over several different
+countries, proclaiming its new gospel. I now regret that so
+much excellent breath was wasted, and that my health of
+mind and body was well nigh ruined. I have only begun
+to regain both since I totally abandoned it, and to-day had
+rather see the cholera in my house, than be a spiritual
+medium.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">As a trance speaker, I became widely known; and now
+aver that during the entire eight years of my mediumship, I
+firmly and sacredly confess that I had not the control of my
+own mind, as I now have, one twentieth of the time; and
+before man and high heaven I most solemnly declare that I
+do not now believe that during the whole eight years, I was
+sane for thirty-six consecutive hours, in consequence of the
+trance and the susceptibility thereto.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>For seven years I held daily intercourse with what purported
+to be my mother's spirit. I am now fully persuaded
+that it was nothing but an evil spirit, an infernal demon,
+<pb n='105'/><anchor id='Pg105'/>
+who, in that guise, gained my soul's confidence, and led me
+to the very brink of ruin. We read in Scripture of demoniac
+possession, as well as abnormal spiritual action. Both facts
+exist, provable to-day; I am positive the former does. A. J.
+Davis and his clique of Harmonialists say there are no evil
+spirits. I emphatically deny the statement. Five of my
+friends destroyed themselves, and I attempted it, by direct
+spiritual influences. Every crime in the calendar has been
+committed by mortal movers of viewless beings. Adultery,
+fornication, suicides, desertions, unjust divorces, prostitution,
+abortion, insanity, are not evils, I suppose. I charge
+all these to this scientific Spiritualism. It has also broken
+up families, squandered fortunes, tempted and destroyed
+the weak. It has banished peace from happy families,
+separated husbands and wives, and shattered the intellect
+of thousands.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The following is an extract from the writings of
+J. F. Whitney, editor of the New York <hi rend='italic'>Pathfinder</hi>.
+His view of the subject accords with that of Dr.
+Randolph:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Now, after a long and constant watchfulness, seeing for
+months and for years its progress and its practical workings
+upon its devotees, its believers, and its mediums, we are compelled
+to speak our honest conviction, which is, that the manifestations
+coming through the acknowledged mediums, who
+are designated as rapping, tipping, writing, and entranced
+mediums, have a baneful influence upon believers, and create
+discord and confusion; that the generality of these teachings
+inculcate false ideas, approve of selfish individual acts, and
+endorse theories and principles, which, when carried out,
+debase and make men little better than the brute. These are
+among the fruits of Modern Spiritualism, and we do not hesitate
+to say that we believe if these manifestations are continued
+to be received, and to be as little understood as they are,
+and have been since they made their appearance at Rochester,
+and mortals are to be deceived by their false, fascinating,
+and snakelike charming powers, which go with them, the
+day will come when the world will require the appearance of
+<pb n='106'/><anchor id='Pg106'/>
+another Saviour to redeem the world from its departing from
+Christ's warnings.... Seeing, as we have, the gradual
+progress it makes with its believers, particularly its mediums,
+from lives of morality to those of sensuality and immorality,
+gradually and cautiously undermining the foundation of
+good principles, we look back with amazement to the radical
+change which a few months will bring about in individuals;
+for its tendency is to approve and endorse each individual act
+and character, however good or bad these acts may be....</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>We desire to send forth our warning voice, and if our
+humble position as the head of a public journal, our known
+advocacy of Spiritualism, our experience, and the conspicuous
+part we have played among its believers, the honesty and
+the fearlessness with which we have defended the subject,
+will weigh anything in our favor, we desire that our opinions
+may be received, and those who are moving passively down
+the rushing rapids to destruction should pause, ere it be too
+late, and save themselves from the blasting influence which
+those manifestations are causing.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Every one who knows anything about Spiritualism
+has heard of Cora Hatch, who traveled extensively,
+and manifested her powers as an extemporaneous
+lecturer before astonished multitudes. One of her
+husbands, Dr. Hatch, renounced Spiritualism, and
+the following is from the testimony he bore concerning
+it:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">The most damning iniquities are everywhere perpetrated
+in spiritual circles, a very small percentage of which
+ever comes to public attention. I care not whether it be spiritual
+or mundane, the facts exist, and should demand the
+attention and condemnation of an intelligent community....
+The abrogation of marriage, bigamy, accompanied by
+robbery, theft, rape, are all chargeable upon Spiritualism.
+I most solemnly affirm that I do not believe that there has,
+during the last five hundred years, arisen any people who are
+guilty of so great a variety of crimes and indecencies as the
+Spiritualists of America.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='107'/><anchor id='Pg107'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>For a long time I was swallowed up in its whirlpool of
+excitement, and comparatively paid but little attention to
+its evils, believing that much good might result from the
+opening of the avenues of Spiritual intercourse. But during
+the past eight months I have devoted my attention to critical
+investigation of its moral, social, and religious bearing, and I
+stand appalled before the revelations of its awful and damning
+realities.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Much testimony of this nature might be given
+from those who have had similar experiences and
+equally favorable facilities for judging of the character
+of Spiritualism. We present only a few extracts more.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Dr. Wm. B. Potter of New York, in an article
+under the head of <q>Astounding Facts,</q> and also in
+a tract entitled, <q>Spiritualism as It Is,</q> gives the
+result of his experience and observations. His testimony
+is the more valuable, since he writes not
+from the standpoint of one who has renounced Spiritualism,
+whose feelings may for the time be overwrought,
+and his language stronger than would be
+used in calmer moments. When he wrote, he was
+still an advocate of Spiritualism, and spoke as a friend
+who would, if possible, induce Spiritualists to reform
+their faith and their manner of living. He says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Fifteen years of critical study of Spiritual literature, an
+extensive acquaintance with the leading Spiritualists, and a
+patient, systematic, and thorough examination of the manifestations
+for many years, enable us to speak from actual
+knowledge, definitely and positively, of <q>Spiritualism as It
+Is.</q> Spiritual literature is full of the most insidious and
+seductive doctrines, calculated to undermine the very foundations
+of morality and virtue, and lead to the most unbridled
+licentiousness.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='108'/><anchor id='Pg108'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">We are told that <q>we must have charity,</q> that it is
+wrong to blame any one, that we must not expose iniquity,
+as <q>it will harden the guilty,</q> that <q>none should be punished,</q>
+that <q>man is a machine, and not to blame for his conduct,</q>
+that <q>there is no high, no low, no good, no bad,</q> that <q>sin is a
+lesser degree of righteousness,</q> that <q>nothing we can do can
+injure the soul or retard its progress,</q> that <q>those who act the
+worst will progress the fastest,</q> that <q>lying is right, slavery is
+right, murder is right, adultery is right,</q> that <q>whatever is,
+is right.</q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Hardly can you find a Spiritualist book, paper, lecture,
+or communication that does not contain some of these pernicious
+doctrines; in disguise, if not openly. Hundreds of
+families have been broken up, and many affectionate wives
+deserted by <q>affinity-seeking</q> husbands. Many once devoted
+wives have been seduced, and left their husbands and tender,
+helpless children, to follow some <q>higher attraction.</q> Many
+well-disposed but simple-minded girls have been deluded
+by <q>affinity</q> notions, and led off by <q>affinity hunters,</q> to be
+deserted in a few months, with blasted reputations, or led
+to deeds still more dark and criminal, to hide their shame.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The same writer also mentions a fact which shows
+where the responsibility of all this looseness of morals
+belongs. He says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>At the National Spiritual Convention at Chicago, called
+to consider the question of a national organization, the only
+plan approved by the committee, especially provided that no
+charge should ever be entertained against any member, and
+that any person, without any regard to his or her moral character,
+might become a member.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The fact that no plan could find approval which
+did not provide that they should never be blamed
+nor called to account for any of their deeds, shows
+on what points they felt the most anxious, and
+plainly proves that they belong to the class of which
+Christ spoke, who loved darkness rather than light,
+<pb n='109'/><anchor id='Pg109'/>
+and who would not come to the light lest their deeds
+should be reproved. John 3:19-21.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is unpleasant to wade through pools of filth,
+and we therefore spare the reader quotations from
+those Spiritualists who have not only avowed the
+most revolting practices of free love, but openly
+advocated the same, and endeavored to induce others
+to come out likewise, on the ground that they were
+only honestly and publicly admitting what the others
+believed and practiced in secret. For the same
+reason we pass by the notorious Woodhull and
+Claflin, and Hull and Jamieson episodes, in this field,
+which, in the illustration and language of another,
+<q>burst upon the country like a rotten egg three
+thousand miles in diameter!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It may be said that these things are in the past
+and the situation has now greatly changed. For the
+benefit of those who thus flatter themselves we introduce
+one more quotation. It is from <q>The Law of
+Psychic Phenomena,</q> by T. J. Hudson (A. C.
+McClurg &amp; Co., Chicago, 1894). The language is
+candid and conciliatory, and the author cannot be
+accused of any undue prejudice on the question of
+which he speaks. On page 335, he says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I do not charge Spiritualists as a class with being advocates
+of the doctrines of free love. On the contrary, I am
+aware that, as a class, they hold the marriage relation in sacred
+regard. I cannot forget, however, that but a few years
+ago some of their leading advocates and mediums proclaimed
+the doctrine of free love in all its hideous deformity from
+every platform in the land. Nor do I fail to remember that
+the better class of Spiritualists everywhere repudiated the
+<pb n='110'/><anchor id='Pg110'/>
+doctrine, and denounced its advocates and exemplars. Nevertheless
+the moral virus took effect here and there all over the
+country, and it is doing its deadly work in secret in many an
+otherwise happy home. And <emph>I charge a large and constantly
+growing class of professional mediums with being the leading
+propagandists</emph> of the doctrine of <emph>free love</emph>. They infest every
+community in the land, and it is well known to all men and
+women who are dissatisfied or unhappy in their marriage
+relations, that they can always find sympathy by consulting
+the average medium, and can, moreover, find justification for
+illicit love by invoking the spirits of the dead through such
+mediums.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+We have italicized that passage in the foregoing
+which shows that the deadly evil is still working in
+secret, and that a large and constantly growing
+number of professionals are aiding and abetting the
+iniquity.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>Dangers Of Mediumship.</head>
+
+<p>
+A few testimonies will show that when one gives
+himself or herself up to the control of the spirits,
+such ones take a most perilous position. The spirits
+insist on their victims becoming passive, ceasing to
+resist, and yielding their whole wills to them. Some
+of their persuasive words are these: <q>Come in confidence
+to us;</q> <q>Let our teachings deeply impress
+you;</q> <q>You must not doubt what we say;</q>
+<q>Learn of us;</q> <q>Obey our directions and you will
+be benefited;</q> <q>Seek to obtain knowledge of us;</q>
+<q>Have faith in us;</q> <q>Fear not to obey;</q> <q>Obey
+us and you will be greatly blessed;</q> etc., etc.
+Mesmerists operate in the same way. They gain
+control of their subjects in the same way that the
+spirits mesmerize their mediums, and when under
+<pb n='111'/><anchor id='Pg111'/>
+their control, the spirits cause them to see whatever
+they bring before them, and hear according to their
+wills, and do as they bid. And the things they suppose
+they see and hear, and what they are to do, are
+only such things as exist in the mind of the mesmerizing
+power. The subject is completely at the mercy
+of the invisible agency; and to put one's self there
+is a most heaven-daring and hazardous act. Mr.
+Hudson (<q>Law of Psychic Phenomena,</q> p. 336)
+says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>To the young whose characters are not formed, and to
+those whose notions of morality are loose, the dangers of
+mediumship are <emph>appalling</emph>.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+To further gain the confidence of mortals, the
+spirits claim to be the ones who answer their
+prayers. In <q>Automatic Writing,</q> p. 142, we
+have this:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Will our friends tell us whether from
+their point of view, there is any real efficacy in prayer?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi> [by spirits].&mdash;Shall not <q>a soul's sincere
+desire</q> arouse in discarnate and free spirits effort to make that sincere
+desire a reality? What good can come from aspirations
+on mortal planes, save through the efforts to make those
+aspirations realized on spiritual planes, by the will of freed
+spirits?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Mediums are unable to resist the powers of the
+unseen world when once under their control.
+Professor Brittan (<q>Telegraphic Answer to Mahan,</q>
+p. 10), concerning mediumship, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>We may further add in this connection that the trance
+mediums for spirit intercourse are equally irresponsible.
+Many of them are totally unable to resist the powers which
+come to them from the invisible and unknown realms.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='112'/><anchor id='Pg112'/>
+
+<p>
+Dr. Randolph (<q>Dealings with the Dead,</q>
+p. 150) shows the dangers of mediumship, as follows:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>I saw that one great cause of the moral looseness of
+thousands of sensitive-nerved people on earth, resulted from
+the infernal possessions and obsessions of their persons by
+delegations from those realms of darkness and (to all but
+themselves) unmitigated horror. A sensitive man or woman&mdash;no
+matter how virtuously inclined&mdash;may, unless by constant
+prayer and watchfulness they prevent it and keep the
+will active and the sphere entire, be led into the most
+abominable practices and habits.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+This same writer, in the same work, pp. 108,
+109, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Those ill-meaning ones who live just beyond the threshold,
+often obtain their ends by subtly infusing a semi-sense
+of volitional power into the minds of their intended victims,
+so that at last they come to believe themselves to be self-acting,
+when in fact they are the merest shuttlecocks bandied
+about between the battledores of knavish devils on one side,
+and devilish knaves upon the other, and between the two the
+poor fallen wretches are nearly heart-reft and destroyed.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+A work by A. J. Davis called <q>The Diakka, and
+their Earthly Victims,</q> mentions the nature of these
+denizens of the spirit world, and their wonderful
+location. The country (to speak after the manner
+of men) which they inhabit, is so large that it would
+require not less than 1,803,026 diameters of the
+earth to span its longitudinal extent. This he had
+from a spirit he calls James Victor Wilson, a
+profound mathematician! This space is occupied
+by spirits who have passed from earth, who are
+<q>morally deficient, and affectionally unclean.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Page</hi>
+<pb n='113'/><anchor id='Pg113'/>
+7. The same spirit, Wilson, describes the
+diakka as those <q>who take insane delight in playing
+parts, in juggling tricks, in personating opposite
+characters to whom prayers and profane utterances
+are of equi-value; surcharged with a passion for lyrical
+narrations; one whose every attitude is instinct
+with the schemes of specious reasoning, sophistry,
+pride, pleasure, wit, subtle convivialities; a boundless
+disbeliever, one who thinks that all private life
+will end in the all-consuming self-love of God.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Page
+13.</hi> On page 13 he says further of them, that
+they are <q>never resting, never satisfied with life,
+often amusing themselves with jugglery and tricky
+witticisms, invariably victimizing others; secretly
+tormenting mediums, causing them to exaggerate in
+speech, and to falsify in acts; unlocking and unbolting
+the street doors of your bosom and memory;
+pointing your feet into wrong paths, and far more.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+What this <q>far more</q> is, we are left to conjecture.
+The advertisement of this book says that
+it is <q>an explanation of much that is false and
+repulsive in Spiritualism.</q> W. F. Jamieson, in a
+Spiritualist paper, called these diakka <q>a troop
+of devils,</q> and quoted Judge Carter as saying:
+<q>There is one thing clear, that these diakka, or
+fantastic or mixed spirits, are very numerous and
+abundant, and take any and every opportunity of
+obtruding themselves.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hudson Tuttle, author of <q>Life in Two Spheres</q>
+and other Spiritualistic works, speaks of <q>a communication,
+through a noted medium, to Gerald
+<pb n='114'/><anchor id='Pg114'/>
+Massey from his <q>dog Pip,</q> the said Pip <q>licking
+the slate and writing with a good degree of intelligence.</q></q>
+He adds, <q>Mr. Davis would say that
+<q>Pip</q> was a <q>diakka,</q> and to-morrow he will communicate
+as George Washington, Theodore Parker,
+or Balaam's ass. This diakka is flesh, fish, or fowl,
+as you may desire.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Some idea of how the spirits sometimes torment
+the mediums, as hinted at above, may be gained
+from the following instance. In <q>Astounding Facts
+from the Spirit World,</q> pp. 253, 254, Dr. Gridley
+describes the case of a medium sixty years of age,
+living near him in Southampton, Mass. The sufferings
+inflicted upon him <q>in two months at the hands
+of evil spirits would fill a volume of five hundred
+pages.</q> Of these sufferings, the following are
+specimens:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>They forbade his eating, to the very point of starvation.
+He was a perfect skeleton; they compelled him to walk day
+and night, with intermissions, to be sure, as their avowed
+object was to torment him as much and as long as possible.
+They swore by everything sacred and profane, that they
+would knock his brains out, always accompanying their
+threats with blows on the forehead or temples, like that of a
+mallet in the hands of a powerful man, with this difference,
+however; the latter would have made him unconscious, while
+in full consciousness he now endured the indescribable agony
+of those heavy and oft-repeated blows; they declared they
+would skin him alive; that he must go to New York and be
+dissected by inches, all of which he fully believed. They
+declared that they would bore holes into his brain, when he
+instantly felt the action suited to the word, as though a dozen
+augers were being turned at once into his very skull; this
+done, they would fill his brain with bugs and worms to eat it
+out, when their gnawing would instantly commence.
+<pb n='115'/><anchor id='Pg115'/>
+These spirits would pinch and pound him, twitch him up
+and throw him down, yell and blaspheme, and use the most
+obscene language that mortals can conceive; they would
+declare that they were Christ in one breath, and devils in the
+next; they would tie him head to foot for a long time together
+in a most excruciating posture; declare they would wring
+his neck off because he doubted or refused obedience.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Who can doubt that such spirits are the angels of
+the evil one himself? Dr. Gridley in the same work,
+p. 19, gives the experience of another medium, for
+the truthfulness of which he offers the fullest
+proof:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>We have seen the medium evidently possessed by
+Irishmen and Dutchmen of the lowest grade&mdash;heard him
+repeat Joshua's drunken prayers [Joshua was a strong but
+brutish man he had known in life], exactly like the original,&mdash;imitate
+his drunkenness in word and deed&mdash;try to repeat,
+or rather act over his most brutal deeds (from which for
+decency's sake, he was instantly restrained by extraordinary
+exertion and severe rebuke)&mdash;snap and grate his teeth most
+furiously, strike and swear, while his eyes flashed like the
+fires of an orthodox perdition. We have heard him hiss, and
+seen him writhe his body like the serpent when crawling,
+and dart out his tongue, and play it exactly like that reptile.
+These exhibitions were intermingled with the most wrangling
+and horrible convulsions.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+These descriptions, it would seem, ought to be
+enough to strike terror to any heart at the thought
+of being a medium. But there is yet another phase
+of the subject that should not be passed by. These
+fallen spirits who are engineering the work of Spiritualism,
+to maintain their <q>assumed characters,</q> and
+<q>play their parts</q> like the aforesaid diakka, represent
+that disembodied spirits <q>just over the threshold,</q>
+still retain the characteristics they bore in life, such
+<pb n='116'/><anchor id='Pg116'/>
+as a disposition to sensuality and licentiousness, love
+of rum, tobacco, and other vices, and that they can,
+by causing the medium to plunge excessively into
+these things, thereby still gratify their own propensities
+to indulge in them. The following sketch by
+Hudson Tuttle, a very popular author among Spiritualists,
+is somewhat lengthy, but the idea could not
+better be presented than by giving it entire. In
+<q>Life in Two Spheres,</q> pp. 35-37, he says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Reader, have you ever entered the respectable saloon?
+Have you ever watched the stupid stare of the inebriate when
+the eye grew less and less lustrous, slowly closing, the muscles
+relaxing, and the victim of appetite sinking over on the floor
+in beastly drunkenness? Oh, how dense the fumes of mingled
+tobacco and alcohol! Oh, what misery confined in those
+walls! If you have witnessed such scenes, then we need
+describe no further. If you have not, then you had not
+better hear the tale of woe. Imagine to yourselves a bar-room
+with all its sots, and their number multiplied indefinitely,
+while conscience-seared and bloated fiends stand
+behind the bar, from whence they deal out death and damnation,
+and the picture is complete. <emph>One has just arrived
+from earth.</emph> He is yet uninitiated in the mysteries and miseries
+of those which, like hungry lions, await him. He died
+while intoxicated&mdash;was frozen while lying in the gutter, and
+consequently is attracted toward this society. He possessed
+a good intellect, but it was shattered beyond repair by his
+debauches.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><q>Ye ar' a fresh one, aint ye?</q> coarsely queried a sot,
+just then particularly communicative.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><q>Why, yes, I have just died, as they call it, and 'taint
+so bad a change after all; only I suppose there'll be dry times
+here for the want of something stimulant.</q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><q>Not so dry; lots of that all the time, and jolly times too.</q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><q>Drink! Can you drink, then?</q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><q>Yes, we just can, and feel as nice as you please. But
+all can't, not unless they find one on earth just like them.
+<pb n='117'/><anchor id='Pg117'/>
+You go to earth, and mix with your chums; and when you
+find one whose thoughts you can read, he's your man. Form
+a connection with him, and when he gets to feeling <emph>good</emph>,
+you'll feel so too.&mdash;There, do you understand me? I always
+tell all fresh ones the glorious news, for how they would suffer
+if it wasn't for this blessed thing.</q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><q>I'll try, no mistake.</q></q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><q>Here's a covey,</q> spoke an ulcerous-looking being; <q>he's
+of our stripe. Tim, did you hear what an infernal scrape I
+got into last night? No, you didn't. Well, I went to our
+friend Fred's; he didn't want to drink when I found him;
+his dimes looked so extremely large. Well, I <emph>destroyed that
+feeling</emph>, and made him think he was dry. He drank, and
+drank, more than I wanted him to, until I was so drunk that
+I could not break my connection with him, or control his
+mind. He undertook to go home, fell into the snow, and
+came near freezing to death. I suffered awfully, ten times
+as much as when I died.</q>... Reader, we draw the curtain
+over scenes like these, such as are daily occurring in this
+society.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In these cases the whole evil of the indulgences
+of course falls upon the mediums; and who would
+wish to assume personal relation with such a world,
+and be forced to bear in their own bodies the evils
+of the unhallowed indulgences of unseen spirits,
+against their will?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Other scenes represented as taking place in
+the spirit land, are most grotesque and silly and
+would be taken as a burlesque upon Spiritualism,
+were they not put forth in all gravity by the friends
+and advocates of that so-called new revelation.
+Thus Judge Edmunds, giving an account of what he
+had seen in the spirit world, mentions the case of an
+old woman busy churning, who promised him, if he
+would call again, a drink of buttermilk; he speaks
+<pb n='118'/><anchor id='Pg118'/>
+of men fighting, of courtezans trying to continue
+their lewd conduct; of a mischievous boy who split
+a dog's tail open, and put a stick in it, just to witness
+its misery; of the owner of the dog, who, attracted
+by its cries, discovered the cause, and beat
+the boy, who fled, but was pursued and beaten and
+kicked far up the road. See Edmund's <q>Spiritualism,</q>
+Vol. II, pp. 135-144, 181, 182, 186, 189.
+Surely here are the diakka playing their pranks in
+all their glory.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>Miscellaneous Teaching.</head>
+
+<p>
+On the leading points of faith as held by Christians
+generally, quotations have been given to show
+sufficiently what the spirits teach, and the object
+they are trying to effect. But the reader will be
+interested to learn what they teach on some other
+points which incidentally appear in their communications.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Spiritualists object most strenuously to the idea of
+unconsciousness in death, or to the Bible declaration,
+<q>The dead know not anything.</q> But the spirits
+themselves teach this very thing. Thus Judge Edmunds,
+Vol. II, Appendix B, p. 524, quotes the
+confession of a spirit that he was totally unconscious
+for a time, he could not tell how long, and awoke to
+consciousness gradually; and that the state of unconsciousness
+differs with different persons, depending
+on circumstances. A. J. Davis admits that Professor
+Webster was eight days and a half unconscious.&mdash;<hi rend='italic'><q>Death
+and the After Life,</q> pp. 18, 19.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='119'/><anchor id='Pg119'/>
+
+<p>
+Through Mrs. Conant, medium, in <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>,
+June 3, 1865, we have this information: <q>It is
+said that some spirits require a thousand years to
+awake to consciousness. Is this true?&mdash;Yes, this
+is true.</q> In <q>Automatic Writing,</q> p. 93, the
+spirits teach the same thing to-day. If others deny
+such statements, it only shows that their testimony
+is contradictory and therefore unreliable.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Again, the Bible doctrine that the incorrigibly
+wicked must cease from conscious existence, is denounced
+by Spiritualists; but on this point the
+spirits confess also:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Do I understand you to say that a
+diakka is one who believes in ultimate annihilation?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;Only yesterday one said to a lady
+medium, signing himself <q>Swedenborg,</q> this: <q>Whatsoever is, has been,
+will be, or may be, <emph>that</emph> <hi rend='smallcaps'>I am</hi>, and private
+life is but the aggregative phantasms of thinking throblets rushing in their
+rising onward to the central heart of eternal
+death.</q></q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'><q>Diakka</q>
+p. 11.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Does every human being continue life on
+higher planes?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Shall not all who are abortions die?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Do you mean that some born on this plane
+may spiritually die from lack of force to persist?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Yes&mdash;both women and men are born into the
+divine humanity who must necessarily perish, because they
+have not sufficient soul strength to persist.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'><q>Automatic
+Writing,</q> pp. 101, 102.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+There is, it seems, a purgatory in the spirit
+world. In answer to a question, a spirit replied:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>There is a sphere in spirit life allotted to those who
+leave the earthly plane in spiritual ignorance, which is <emph>not
+pleasing</emph> to dwell upon, yet which is absolutely necessary to
+spiritual soul growth.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Id., p. 90.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='120'/><anchor id='Pg120'/>
+
+<p>
+Spiritualism is claimed to settle the question of
+immortality; but the spirits confess themselves
+ignorant of it:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;On your plane do you arrive at
+certainty in regard to immortality?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;We here are as <emph>ignorant as you are</emph>
+as to the ultimate of existence. Immortality is still an <emph>undetermined issue</emph>.
+One life at a time seems as pertinent with us as with
+you.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Id., p. 103.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The spirits' heaven, it seems, is not so desirable
+a place that it prevents their being homesick.
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Why are you homesick?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;Have not found out the real reason; things are
+so different from former ideas.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Id., p. 111.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Spirits are not allowed to tell too much about
+their condition, as the following question and answer
+show:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Can't you tell us what makes
+it pleasanter,&mdash;describe so we can understand?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;You'll find out as I did&mdash;<emph>'gainst
+the rules here to tell</emph>.... Just be patient&mdash;it's all easy enough when you
+learn how. I was puzzled, but it all seems straight enough
+now.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Id., p. 115.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+They teach the pre-existence of souls, and the
+old pagan doctrines of the reincarnation of souls,
+and the final absorption of all into Nirvana. A
+spirit having answered that all had been asserted in
+some other form, questions and answers followed
+from which we quote:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Is that statement an intimation of the
+truth of reincarnation?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Souls of all who have preceded you are centered
+in you in spite of your childish protests. Ask not of those
+<pb n='121'/><anchor id='Pg121'/>
+predecessors; for they yet live in you, and you in them....
+Long ago you and I went over the ground under eminent
+names.... Were not we together when Socrates and
+Aspasia talked?</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Id., pp. 151, 152.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Can you tell us, at least, whether
+spirit, as a whole or in its individual atoms, exists eternally?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Yes; spirit as a whole is
+eternal&mdash;exists&mdash;did exist&mdash;by force of Powers you cannot understand.
+But you as individual, self-conscious, atomistic particles of spirit
+wholeness, are not eternal, and must return to the Primal
+Source.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Id., p. 133.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+</div>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<head>Spirits Cannot Be Identified.</head>
+
+<p>
+Having now sufficiently examined the teaching of
+the spirits, a final question arises in regard to them,
+whether it is possible to identify them, and determine
+with any absolute certainty whether they are
+the spirits of the particular individuals they claim to
+be, or even spirits of the dead at all, or not. It
+should be distinctly borne in mind, always, that evil
+angels, whose existence has been proved from the
+Bible, whose nature and delight is to deceive, can
+walk the earth unseen, imitate and personate any individual,
+and reveal their characteristics of thought,
+writing, acts, form, and features, and make so perfect
+a counterfeit as to defy detection. How, then, can
+it be told what spirit it is, even though it shows the
+face and features of some well-known friend? On
+this topic, as on preceding questions, Spiritualists
+themselves may produce the evidence. President
+Mahan (<q>Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen,</q> p. 13)
+remarks:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Certain experiments have been made, in order to determine
+whether spirits are present. Individuals go in as
+<pb n='122'/><anchor id='Pg122'/>
+inquirers, and get definite answers&mdash;in the first place, from
+<emph>departed spirits</emph> of persons <emph>yet living</emph>; in the second place,
+from departed spirits of persons who <emph>never existed</emph> here or anywhere
+else; in the third place, from the departed spirits of brute
+beasts.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+When it is considered, as already noted, that
+spirits do their work through mesmeric power, it is
+easy to understand how the medium is made to believe
+that such and such a spirit is communicating
+when it is not so at all. This question of identity
+came up in the very early stages of Spiritualism, and
+is no nearer settled, on their own confession, now
+than then. A Mr. Hobart, in 1856, who claimed to
+be the first Spiritualist in Michigan, made the following
+admission:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The spirit sometimes <emph>assumes</emph> the name of an individual
+belonging to the same church, to induce them to hear. This
+is necessary with some who are so bigoted they would not
+believe unless a name was assumed which they respected.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+An article in the <hi rend='italic'>Spiritual Telegraph</hi>, of July 11,
+1857, begins as follows:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The question is continually being asked, especially by
+novitiates in spiritual investigations, How shall we know
+that the spirits who communicate with us are really the ones
+whom they purport to be?... In giving the results of our
+own experience and observation upon this subject, we would
+premise that spirits unquestionably can, and often do, personate
+other spirits, and that, too, often with such perfection
+as, for the time being, to defy every effort to detect
+the deception.... If direct tests are demanded at all, we
+would recommend that they be asked for the purpose of
+proving that the manifesting influence is that of <emph>a spirit</emph>,
+rather than to prove what <emph>particular</emph> spirit is the agent of its
+production.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='123'/><anchor id='Pg123'/>
+
+<p>
+This is an entire begging of the whole matter in
+question; for it is not denied that it is <emph>a</emph> spirit; we
+want to know what <emph>particular</emph> spirit it is; but for
+that we must not ask; for it cannot be ascertained.
+The same article states that other and lower spirits
+often crowd in and take the place of the spirit communicating,
+without the knowledge of the medium.
+We might also quote <q>Spiritualism as It Is,</q> p. 14,
+that <q>not one per cent. of the manifestations have
+had a higher origin than the first and second spheres,
+which are filled with low, ignorant, deceptive, mischievous,
+selfish, egotistical spirits;</q> and <q>Dealings
+with the Dead,</q> p. 225, that <q>the fact is, good
+spirits do not appear one tenth as often as imagined.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Jan. 7, 1888, the following appeared in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner
+of Light</hi>:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;What is the cause of our receiving
+inconsistent and untruthful communications? Does the blame, if any
+there is, rest with us or the controlling intelligence?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;There are spirits who delight in imposing upon
+mortals; they realize their power outside of material things,
+and that those who seek knowledge from them <emph>cannot see nor
+get hold of them</emph>; therefore to an extent they exercise a certain
+power over those mortals who approach; and if the mortals
+are themselves tricky by nature, insincere, ready to take advantage
+of others, whether it be at the time of sitting or in
+their daily life, rest assured they may be imposed upon by
+spirits from the other side who occupy a like plane of existence
+with themselves.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Mediums themselves will not trust the spirits,
+according to statements made as late as 1896.
+Mrs. S. A. Underwood, medium, in <q>Automatic
+Writing,</q> p. 55, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<pb n='124'/><anchor id='Pg124'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>With all my experience in it, I would not to-day venture
+upon any change, business venture, friendship, or line of conduct,
+advised from this source, unless my own common material
+sense endorsed it. Indeed, I would not take as fact any
+of its even reasonable advice without question, because it is
+not reliable as a guide in earthly affairs.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Spirit communication, then, certainly does not
+amount to much as a heavenly instructor, a celestial
+guide to enlighten the ignorance of men. Whatever
+we know ourselves, we may rely upon; all else is
+uncertain. Again, on p. 56, she says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Then the assumption of great names by apparently
+common-place minds is a very strange thing. I was horrified
+and annoyed when this occurred under my own hand, because
+that is one of the things which disgusted me with spiritual
+messages before this writing came to me, as I had occasionally
+glanced over such messages. When I protested against
+such assumption, I was told that <q>Elaine and Guinevere</q>
+were not real beings, but types. So somewhere in our sphere
+are spirits who embody cleverness in creations of their own
+fancy, and adopt names suited to that fancy.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Thus the spirits themselves confess that the names
+they often assume are not those of real beings, but
+typical and fanciful. Nothing more, it would seem,
+is necessary to complete the condemnation of Spiritualism,
+so far as its own nature is concerned. When
+in addition to all else, it appears that the spirits cannot
+be identified; that the whole underlying claim
+that the spirits are the spirits of the dead, must itself
+be assumed; and that, too, in the face of the numberless
+known falsehoods and deceptions that are constantly
+issuing from the unseen realm,&mdash;there is
+nothing left for it to stand upon.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='125'/><anchor id='Pg125'/>
+
+<div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<index index="toc" level1="Chapter Six. Its Promises: How Fulfilled."/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="Chapter Six."/>
+<head type="sub">Chapter Six.</head>
+<head>Its Promises: How Fulfilled.</head>
+
+<p>
+It is fair to call Spiritualism to account as to the
+fulfilment of the promises involved in its challenge
+to the world when it stepped upon the stage of
+action. No movement ever opened with more magnificent
+promises. It posed before the world as an
+angel of heavenly light. It claimed to be the second
+coming of Christ. It claimed to have been sent to
+regenerate mankind, and renovate the world. We
+give herewith a few of its spirit-inspired pretensions.
+Its <q>Declaration of Principles,</q> Article 20, says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The hearty and intelligent convictions of these truths
+[the teachings of spirits] tend to energize the soul in all that
+is good and elevating, and to restrain from all that is evil and
+impure, ... to quicken all philanthropic impulses, stimulating
+to enlightened and unselfish labors for universal good.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In behalf of the cause of woman it says:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Spiritualism has done more for the advancement of true
+womanhood than the Church or any of its accessories.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>Dr.
+Watson, in Banner of Light, April 16, 1887.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Miss A. L. Lull, in the <hi rend='italic'>Religio-Philosophical
+Journal</hi> of Jan. 23, 1886, said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Spiritualism is the saviour of humanity, because it
+is reaching out toward the criminal, and in its effort to lift
+<pb n='126'/><anchor id='Pg126'/>
+humanity to a higher plane, it is laying the foundation for
+future generations.... Spiritualism comes to cleanse out
+the dregs and wretchedness of humanity.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Mrs. Cora L. V. Richmond, in a mediumistic discourse
+reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>, April 3,
+1886, said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The Great Reformer of the world is Spiritualism....
+When modern Spiritualism made its appearance, it said in
+so many words, I come to reform the world.... Spiritualism
+came to put the ax at the root of the tree of human
+evil, it came to decide upon the most important and vital
+thing connected with existence; <hi rend='italic'>i. e.</hi>, Is man only an evanescent,
+material, earthly being, or is he immortal?... Spiritualism
+came to reform death, to resolve it into life; came to
+reform fear, to resolve it into trust and knowledge; came to
+reform the darkness which rests upon humanity concerning
+the nature of man's existence.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In the same paper, April 6, 1887, was given the
+following prediction of the future of Spiritualism:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Modern Spiritualism will grow, and deepen, and broaden,
+and strengthen, until all false creeds and dogmas shall be
+swept from the earth&mdash;when faith shall be buried in knowledge,
+when war shall be known no more, when universal
+brotherhood shall prevail to bless mankind.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+In <q>Nineteenth Century Miracles,</q> p. 79, M.
+Jaubert speaks as follows:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Affirm to your people that man never dies, that his
+immortality is proved, not by books but by material and
+tangible facts, of which every one can convince himself; that
+anon our houses of correction, and our prisons, will disappear;
+suicide will be erased from our mortuary tables; and nobly
+borne, the calamities of earth shall no longer produce madness.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<pb n='127'/><anchor id='Pg127'/>
+
+<p>
+Mrs. R. S. Lillie, in a speech at the Thirty-eighth
+Anniversary services in Horticultural Hall, Boston,
+Mass., and reported in the <hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>, of
+April, 1886, said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Christianity never had a Pentecost to be compared with
+modern Spiritualism. The latter is as far in advance of the
+former, as the electric light is in advance of the tallow dip of
+the past; for it is nineteen centuries ahead of it.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+These are most astounding claims; and if there
+is any truth in them, Spiritualism ought to have
+shown itself as a great uplifting moral power, provided
+it has been able to get any foothold among the
+people. We therefore inquire what its success has
+been. On this point Professor Keck, at the Thirty-ninth
+Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, at
+Bridgeport, Conn. (<hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>, April 9,
+1887), said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>It [Spiritualism] has made converts of more scientific
+men and profound thinkers than any other sect in the world.
+In thirty-nine years it has grown to ten or fifteen millions of
+believers, with thousands of mediums, a literature printed in
+every known language, and converts in every quarter of the
+globe.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+With all these facilities and all this success, it
+surely has been able to make good its claims, and
+fulfil its promises, if its nature is such as it assumes,
+and its promises are good for anything; and its
+course should be marked by a great decrease of
+crime, by the promotion of virtue and a general
+improvement in the moral tone of society, wherever
+it has gone. For nearly fifty years it has now been
+operating in the world; and with all its glowing
+<pb n='128'/><anchor id='Pg128'/>
+professions of what it was able to do, and its millions
+of converts, <q>energized to all that is good and elevating,</q>
+its impress for good should everywhere be seen.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But what are the facts?&mdash;Just the reverse of
+what has been promised. Free love, which is free
+lust, has followed in its wake; homes have been
+ruined, families scattered, characters blighted; while
+insanity and suicide have been the fate, or the last
+resort, of too many of its victims. And outside of
+its own ranks, in the world at large, the fifty years
+since the advent of Spiritualism have been years of
+increase of crime and every evil in a fast growing
+ratio. Liquor drinking, tobacco using, gambling,
+prostitution, defalcations, robberies, bribery, municipal
+corruption, divorces, thefts, insanity, suicide,
+and murder, have increased in far more rapid ratio
+than the population itself.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The reader will remember the testimony of Dr.
+Randolph, p. 105, that five of his friends destroyed
+themselves, and he attempted it for himself, by direct
+spirit influences. The Philadelphia <hi rend='italic'>Record</hi>, of Feb.
+17, 1894, speaks of the suicide of May Brooklyn in
+San Francisco, Cal.:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The letters and papers left by the dead woman show
+plainly that in her grief over the death of Lovecraft she had
+dabbled in Spiritualism, and had finally reached the conclusion
+that her only chance of happiness lay in joining her
+lover in the other world.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+A few figures, as samples, will be given just to
+emphasize the general statements. The following is
+from the Chicago <hi rend='italic'>Tribune</hi> of Jan. 1, 1893:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<pb n='129'/><anchor id='Pg129'/>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The number of persons who have committed suicide in
+the United States during the year (1892), as gathered from
+telegraph and mail report to the <hi rend='italic'>Tribune</hi>, is 3860, as compared
+with 3331 last year (1891), 2640 in 1890, and 2224 in
+1889. The total is much larger than that of any of the
+eleven preceding years.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The <hi rend='italic'>Christian Reformer</hi> gives the following
+figures of murders, suicides, and embezzlements
+from 1891-1893:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Murders in 1893, 6615; increase over 1891 of 709.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre">Suicides in 1893, 4436; increase over 1892, 576; 1891, 1105.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Funds embezzled in 1893, $19,929,692; increase of 100
+per cent. over 1892.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+It may be asked, What has this to do with Spiritualism?&mdash;It
+is a test of the value of its promises.
+Spiritualism has been posing for fifty years as the
+<q>world's reformer,</q> the great energizing, uplifting
+force to elevate mankind, the mighty power
+which has come to empty our workhouses and
+prisons, abolish suicides and all crime, the <q>electric
+light</q> compared with the <q>tallow dip</q> of the
+gospel. And yet with all these claims, with its
+millions of adherents, and the funds and influence at
+its command, it is allowing, year by year, crime to
+increase much faster than the population. Now if
+Spiritualism was the purifying, renovating power
+which it claims to be, such results could not have
+been seen. It is very evident, that, as a power in
+the world in behalf of righteousness and humanity,
+it has been of no account; and as between the forces
+of good and evil, its weight has been on the side of
+evil instead of good. It is thus that the author of
+<pb n='130'/><anchor id='Pg130'/>
+Spiritualism, the father of deception, fulfils the
+promises made through that channel to deceive
+mankind. What organized, aggressive efforts against
+evil has Spiritualism ever shown? Where are its
+schools and colleges? Where are its hospitals and
+benevolent institutions? Where are its organized
+charities? and what are its millions of members
+doing to relieve suffering and distress, and turn men
+to better ways of living? The very aspect it presents
+to the world to-day, stamps the brand of Cain
+upon its brow. The Boston <hi rend='italic'>Herald</hi> of Dec. 17,
+1874, said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Let Spiritualism produce some idea, utter some word,
+or perform some deed, which will have novelty, and yet be of
+manifest value to the human race, and it will make good its
+claims to our serious consideration. But it has not done this.
+For nearly thirty years it has been before the world in its
+present shape, and in all that time, with all its asserted command
+of earthly and superterrestrial knowledge, it has never
+done an act, or breathed a syllable, or supplied an idea which
+had any value as a contribution to the welfare of the race, or
+to its stock of knowledge. Its messages from learned men
+who are dead, have been the silliest bosh; its stories about
+life upon the planets are wretched guesses, many of which
+can be proved false by the astronomer; its visions have
+frightened scores of people into madhouses, and made semi-lunatics
+of hundreds of others.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+If this charge was good as late as 1874, it is
+equally so at the present time. And thus are we
+forced to the conclusion that Spiritualism, judged by
+the light of its fair promises, is one of the most
+lamentable of delusions, and most stupendous of
+failures.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='131'/><anchor id='Pg131'/>
+
+<div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<index index="toc" level1="Chapter Seven. Spiritualism A Subject Of Prophecy."/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="Chapter Seven."/>
+<head type="sub">Chapter Seven.</head>
+<head>Spiritualism A Subject Of Prophecy.</head>
+
+<p>
+We come now to one of the most timely and
+important features of this whole subject; for
+God in his word has foretold and forewarned the
+world of the movement here passing under review.
+He has made known the time when it should appear,
+the character it would bear, and the work it is to do.
+He has also connected this with the great event of
+all-overshadowing importance to this world, of which
+it is a startling sign and sure precursor; namely,
+the second coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. We
+ask the special attention of the reader to this part of
+the subject.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A word of digression may be allowed as to the
+place which prophecy holds in the word of God.
+Prophecy is that feature of the sacred volume which
+constitutes it a lamp to our feet and a light to our
+path. Ps. 119:105; 2 Peter 1:19. It is that
+which enables that word to be a guide to the hosts
+of Israel through the weary journey and the gloomy
+shades of time, giving to every era its <q>present
+truth,</q> and showing the progress of the slow-revolving
+ages toward the great consummation. It
+<pb n='132'/><anchor id='Pg132'/>
+is the golden credential which the Bible holds up to
+the world of its genuineness and authenticity.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Prophecy is peculiar to the Christian Scriptures.
+No other so-called sacred books contain this feature.
+It is not found in the Vedas, Shasters, or Puranas of
+the Hindus, nor the Zend Avestas of the Parsees,
+nor the Kojiki Nohonki, of the Shintos of Japan,
+nor the law books of Manu, nor the Koran of the
+Mohammedans, nor the Kan-Ying-Peen or Tao-Te-King
+of the Chinese, nor the Tripitakas of the
+Buddhists. The reason is obvious. Neither the
+minds of men nor of angels, either good or bad, can
+read the future. Divine omniscience alone can see
+the end from the beginning and foretell the great
+events that shall mark the history of the world, and
+affect the interests of the church. It is this that
+stamps the Bible as divine, and lifts it immeasurably
+above all other books. It is indeed passing strange
+that all cannot see this. Instead of being a book
+that grows obsolete and out of date with the passing
+years, like the productions of men, it is the only
+book ever seen upon the earth which is ever abreast
+of the times in every age, and lifts the veil of the
+future before him who honestly and reverently seeks
+its pages for a knowledge of the truth. Those
+who ignore or despise the prophecies, rob the Bible
+of one of the brightest stars in its crown of
+glory.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To be entitled to claim credit as divine, any
+book or system should be able to show that it can
+correctly foretell the future. The spirits see this,
+<pb n='133'/><anchor id='Pg133'/>
+and, knowing that they cannot do it, discountenance
+and discourage all such efforts. Here is a little of
+their teaching on the subject:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ques.</hi>&mdash;Why are so many predictions made through
+mediums, which prove false?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Ans.</hi>&mdash;Wonderful <emph>guesses</emph>
+are sometimes made by daring spirits.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Can you tell us anything of the future?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Pharos says you must not ask questions
+of the future&mdash;spirits who <emph>prophesy</emph> are <emph>not
+good</emph> spirits.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q rend="pre"><hi rend='italic'>Q.</hi>&mdash;Do you mean that it is not best for us to
+know the future?</q>
+</quote>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q><hi rend='italic'>A.</hi>&mdash;Souls on your plane are undergoing discipline, and
+it would cost more than it is worth to foretell the future of
+your state.</q>&mdash;<hi rend='italic'><q>Automatic Writing,</q> pp. 141, 142.</hi>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Spiritualists rail at God for prohibiting from Adam
+and Eve, in the garden, the tree of the knowledge
+of good and evil, to keep them in ignorance. What
+will they say to these spirits who coolly answer that
+<q>it would cost more than it is worth</q> to give them
+any knowledge of future events? This, perhaps,
+they will consider all right because it isn't God who
+says it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+1. Let us then see what God has said of the time
+and work and significance of Spiritualism. Over
+seven hundred years before Christ, the prophet
+Isaiah wrote of our time, as follows: <q>And when
+they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have
+familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep and that
+mutter, should not a people seek unto their God?
+for the living to the dead? To the law and to the
+testimony; if they speak not according to this word,
+it is because there is no light in them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='134'/><anchor id='Pg134'/>
+
+<p>
+Here is certainly a prophecy that a time would
+come when just such a work as Spiritualism is now doing
+would be a distinguishing feature of the age. The
+present must be the time referred to, because it has
+never been so in any past age; and the present meets
+the specifications in every particular. It shows that
+the only safety for any one now is to seek unto his
+God, and make the law and the testimony, the word
+of God, the great standard by which to try all spirits.
+1 John 4:1. And another great event is directly
+connected with this, that is, the second coming of
+Christ; for according to verses 16-18, the disciples
+are then looking for him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+2. Matt. 24:24: <q>For there shall arise false
+Christs, and false prophets, and shall show great
+signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were possible,
+they shall deceive the very elect.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A deception of no ordinary power is here brought
+to view. It really results in the division of Christendom;
+for all but the elect are carried away by it.
+In its own claims, Spiritualism fulfils the <q>Christs</q>
+and <q>prophets</q> part of the declaration, claiming of
+course to be true, while the Bible says it is <q>false.</q>
+The signs and wonders are beginning to be seen
+in the many <q>inexplicable</q> phenomena attending
+Spiritualism. But many more startling exhibitions,
+as will be presently shown, are yet to appear. We
+charge upon Spiritualism, so far, the fulfilment of
+this prophecy. But mark! this occurs when the
+Son of man is about to appear <q>as the lightning
+cometh out of the east, and shineth even unto the
+<pb n='135'/><anchor id='Pg135'/>
+west</q> (verse 27); and it is one of the prominent
+signs of that event. See the prophecy from verse
+23 to verse 35. Mark and Luke also dwell upon the
+same prediction, as gathered from the lips of our
+Lord himself.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+3. Heb. 10:28, 29: <q>He that despised Moses'
+law died without mercy under two or three witnesses.
+Of how much sorer punishment, suppose
+ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden
+under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the
+blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified,
+an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the
+Spirit of grace?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is the bold stand which Spiritualism has taken
+against Christ and the atonement, that makes this
+scripture applicable to that work. The apostle is
+speaking of the times when the great <q>day is approaching</q>
+(verse 25); when it is but a little while,
+and he that shall come, will come and will not tarry
+(verse 37), and the introduction of verse 29, in such
+a connection, becomes a prophecy that such an outbreak
+against Christ and his atoning work would be
+seen when he is about to come again. And the fulfilment
+we are now beholding in Spiritualism.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+4. Rev. 12:12: <q>Woe to the inhabiters of the
+earth and of the sea! for the devil is come down
+unto you, having great wrath, because he knoweth
+that he hath but a short time.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This scripture locates itself. It is when Satan
+knows that he has but a little time to work, and
+hence it must be in the last days. At this time he
+<pb n='136'/><anchor id='Pg136'/>
+descends upon the world in an avalanche of wrath.
+<q>Wrath</q> is a misleading term. The words θυμόν μέγαν
+signify the strongest and most intense emotion of the
+mind. If the object is to accomplish some particular
+end, they would indicate the most intense, concentrated,
+energetic, and persistent efforts to that purpose,
+using every means, and bringing to bear every
+influence to reach the result in question. Satan, as
+we have seen, has an object in deceiving the human
+family, as far as possible, to their destruction, by
+signs and wonders. In this work, according to the
+prophecy before us, he will go to the extent of his
+power, and show his most potent signs. Bringing
+the supposed forms and features of the dead before
+living witnesses, is his most successful method at the
+present time. But as this work is, as yet, done
+largely in the dark, it gives more room for jugglery
+and imposition. The time will come, however, when,
+in open light, counterfeit materializations of the dead
+will swarm on earth, and deceive, if it were possible,
+the very elect&mdash;<hi rend='italic'>i.e.</hi>, all who cannot meet the
+deception with the potent weapon&mdash;<q>It is written,
+The dead know not anything, neither have they any
+more a portion forever [in the present state of things]
+in anything that is done under the sun.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+5. Rev. 13:13, 14: <q>And he doeth great wonders,
+so that he maketh fire come down from heaven
+on the earth in the sight of men, and deceiveth
+them that dwell on the earth by the means of those
+miracles which he had power to do.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This prophecy relates to some earthly government
+represented by a symbol with two horns like a lamb.
+<pb n='137'/><anchor id='Pg137'/>
+Verse 11. It is part of a prophecy beginning with
+chapter twelve, and ending with verse 5 of chapter
+fourteen. It is not the place here to introduce an
+exposition of this prophecy. It is only necessary to
+state that the position taken is that the lamblike
+symbol represents our own government, the United
+States of America.<note place='foot'>For a full argument on this point,
+fortified by testimony, the application of which is beyond question,
+see works treating on the United States as a subject of prophecy,
+for sale by the International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.</note>
+And the great wonders that he
+does, apply to the marvelous manifestations of Spiritualism.
+It is a significant fact that Spiritualism
+arose in this country, thus fitting itself exactly to the
+prophecy. The climax of the wonders brought to
+view in the text, making <q>fire come down from
+heaven on the earth in the sight of men,</q> has not
+yet been reached. More is therefore to be developed.
+Yea, this wonder-working power is to go forward
+till that which, in the time of Elijah, was
+the test between the false god Baal and the Lord
+Jehovah, is brought to pass, and fire is made to come
+down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men.
+And the sad feature of this case will be that the multitudes,
+not perceiving the change of issue, will take
+the act down here to be a test of truth, as it was in
+the days of Elijah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Taken in connection with other portions of the
+book of Revelation, this prophecy reveals clearly
+what the agency that works the miracles is. The
+dragon, representing paganism (Rev. 12:3, 4); the
+beast, representing the papacy (Rev. 13:1-10); and
+the lamblike symbol, representing Protestantism,
+<pb n='138'/><anchor id='Pg138'/>
+or more specifically, Protestant America (Rev.
+13:11-17), constitute the symbols of this prophecy.
+For convenience, let us designate them as <hi rend='italic'>A</hi>,
+<hi rend='italic'>B</hi>, and <hi rend='italic'>C</hi>;
+respectively. <hi rend='italic'>C</hi> works his miracles in sight of
+<hi rend='italic'>B</hi>; <hi rend='italic'>B</hi> and <hi rend='italic'>C</hi>
+are again brought to view in Rev. 19:20, and there <hi rend='italic'>C</hi> is
+called <q>the false prophet.</q> We know
+the false prophet here is the same as <hi rend='italic'>C</hi>, because he
+works miracles before <hi rend='italic'>B</hi>, the same as <hi rend='italic'>C</hi>
+does in chapter 13:14. All together, <hi rend='italic'>A</hi>,
+<hi rend='italic'>B</hi>, and <hi rend='italic'>C</hi> are brought to view
+in Rev. 16:13, and unclean spirits like frogs are
+said to come out of their mouths; and then verse 14
+tells what they are: <q>For they are spirits of devils,
+working miracles.</q> This, then, not the spirits of
+dead men, is the agency that works the miracles of
+chapter 13:13, 14. We follow the subject so far,
+at this point, merely to identify the agency that
+works the miracles, and shall have more to say upon
+it. But before passing, we would remind the reader
+that here also the subject is connected with the second
+coming of Christ; for the prophecy of Revelation
+13 ends with the redemption of the church
+which immediately follows. Rev. 14:1-5.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+6. 2 Thess. 2:9-12: <q>Even him, whose coming
+is after the working of Satan, with all power and
+signs and lying wonders, and with all deceivableness
+of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they
+received not the love of the truth, that they might
+be saved. And for this cause God shall send them
+strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: that
+they all might be damned who believed not the truth,
+but had pleasure in unrighteousness.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='139'/><anchor id='Pg139'/>
+
+<p>
+Here, again, we have the great fact brought out
+with still more startling emphasis, that there is to be
+a great outbreaking of Satanic power among men,
+just before and up to, the coming of Christ. And
+if we already see the preliminary and even far-advanced
+working of this power in Spiritualism, the
+world should stand aghast at the perils of the times
+in which we live. The coming of Christ is brought
+to view in verse 8, and verse 9 states that at that
+time Satan will be working with all power. The
+common version is calculated to obscure this passage.
+The words <q>even him</q> (verse 9) are wrongly and
+unnecessarily supplied. Literally rendered, the last
+clause of verse 8, and the first of verse 9 would read
+as follows: <q>Whom the Lord ... shall destroy
+with the brightness of his [Christ's] coming; of
+whom [Christ] the coming is, after [or at the time
+of] the working of Satan,</q> etc. The word <q>after</q>
+is from, the Greek κατα (<hi rend='italic'>kata</hi>), which when referring
+to time, as in this case, does not mean <q>after or
+according to,</q> but <q>within the range of, during, in
+the course of, at, about,</q> as in 2 Tim. 4:1, where
+it is rendered <q>at.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So here is a plain declaration that at the very
+time when Christ comes Satan will be working in
+the hight of his power, by signs and lying wonders
+(wonders to prove a lie) to keep the people under falsehood
+and deception. Verses 10-12 tell who his victims
+are, and why they become such: they are those
+who preferred the pleasures of sin to the practice of
+righteousness, and so would not receive the truth,
+<pb n='140'/><anchor id='Pg140'/>
+nor the love of it. In all such cases God's throne is
+clear. He always, as in this case, sets truth first
+before the people, gives them a chance, and calls
+upon them to embrace it, and be saved. But when
+men, as free moral agents, whom God will not force
+into his kingdom, refuse to receive the truth, shut
+their eyes, close their ears, and steel their hearts
+against it, and find their pleasure in unrighteousness,
+in going in just the opposite direction;&mdash;what can
+God do for them? We leave the skeptic himself to
+answer. For more years than Spiritualism, in its
+present phase, has been before the world, several
+religious bodies have made a specialty of the great
+Bible truth concerning the state of the dead, and
+life only in Christ, which effectually shields all those
+who receive it against the rapping delusion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+7. Rev. 18:2: <q>And he cried mightily with a
+strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is
+fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and
+the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every
+unclean and hateful bird.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Among the many predictions given in the word
+of God touching the last days, is one which foretokens
+a wide-spread and lamentable declension in
+the religious world. The phrase which embodies it,
+is the one just quoted, <q>Babylon is fallen.</q> The
+term <q>Babylon</q> is not intended nor used as a term
+of reproach, but rather as a descriptive word setting
+forth the very undesirable condition of <q>mixture</q>
+and <q>confusion</q> in the religious world. It is certainly
+not the Lord's will, who prayed that all his
+<pb n='141'/><anchor id='Pg141'/>
+people should be one, that scores or hundreds of
+divisions and sects should exist within his church.
+That is owing, exclaims the Catholic, to the Protestant
+rule of private judgment. It is not. It is
+owing to that Pandora's box of mystical interpretation
+placed in the church by old Origen, that prince
+of mischief-makers. By this method, which has
+no method and no standard, the interpretations of
+God's word will ever be as various and numerous
+as the whims and fancies that may find a place in
+the minds of men.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But all this confusion must be remedied in that
+church which will be ready for the second advent;
+for no people will be prepared for translation but
+such as worship the Lord in both <emph>spirit</emph> and <emph>truth</emph>.
+To bring the church to this point, a call has been
+sent to Christendom in the special truths for this
+time. Most turn away, but some are taking the
+stand to which these circumstances summon them.
+The process is simple. It is but to read and obey
+God's word in the light of what is called the literal
+rule of interpretation. No other rule would ever
+have been thought of, if the Devil had let the
+minds of men alone. By this rule the true Sabbath
+would always have been maintained a perfect safeguard
+against idolatry in the earth; the law would
+have held its place as a perfect, immutable, and
+eternal rule of conduct, a safeguard against the
+antinomianism of all ages and the Spiritualism of
+to-day; the view that the dead remain unconscious in
+the grave till the resurrection, would always have
+<pb n='142'/><anchor id='Pg142'/>
+been held, and then there could have been no purgatory,
+no masses for the dead, no Mariolatry, no
+saint worship&mdash;in short, no Roman Catholicism, and
+no Universalism, nor Spiritualism; the true nature of
+the coming and kingdom of Christ would not have
+been lost sight of, and the peace and safety fable of
+a temporal millennium never could have existed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To say nothing of other errors that would be corrected,
+suppose all Christendom stood together on
+these four simple truths, how much division could
+there have been in the Christian world? A second
+denomination could not have existed. And what
+would have been the condition of things?&mdash;As
+different from the present condition as one can well
+imagine&mdash;no paganism, no Roman Catholicism, no
+Protestantism, no multiplied sects, no Spiritualism,&mdash;but
+Christianity, broad, united, free, and glorious.
+Some are taking their stand on these truths, and
+so will be shielded from the delusions of these last
+days, for which the way, by ages of superstition and
+error, has been so artfully prepared. Every one
+must stand upon them who is governed by the literal
+rule of interpretation; for they are read in so many
+words out of the sacred volume itself. But the
+churches generally reject them, often with bitterness,
+scorn, and contempt, and some even with persecution.
+And this is why Babylon has fallen.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+That organization, called in Rev. 17:5: <q>Mystery,
+Babylon the Great, the Mother of Harlots and
+Abominations of the Earth,</q> has been very generally
+applied by Protestants to the Roman Catholic
+<pb n='143'/><anchor id='Pg143'/>
+Church; but if that church is the mother, who are
+the daughters? This question has been asked for
+many years. Alexander Campbell said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>The worshiping establishments now in operation
+throughout Christendom, incased and cemented by their
+voluminous confessions of faith, and their ecclesiastical constitutions,
+are not churches of Jesus Christ, but the legitimate
+daughters of that mother of harlots&mdash;the Church of
+Rome.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+Lorenzo Dow said:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>We read not only of Babylon, but of the whore of
+Babylon, styled the mother of harlots, which is supposed to
+mean the Romish church. If she be a mother, who are her
+daughters? It must be the corrupt national established
+churches that came out of her.</q>
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The great sin charged against Babylon, is unlawful
+connection with the kings of the earth. The
+church should be entirely free from the state. But
+now the churches of America, which have for long
+years borne so noble a part, are clamoring for a
+union with the state, calling for a recognition of
+God's name in the Constitution, and God's law in
+the courts, and that the government be run on
+Christian lines. Old, antiquated laws which they
+find upon the statute books of various States, they
+are beginning to use to persecute those who differ in
+belief with them; and they seek for the enactment
+of more stringent Sunday laws for the same purpose.
+And when they shall succeed in getting full control
+of the state, they will have severed the last link
+that has held them to their high estate, show
+themselves true members of the Babylonian family,
+<pb n='144'/><anchor id='Pg144'/>
+and sink in spirit and practice to the level of the
+elder Rome.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Rev. 14:8 was fulfilled in 1844.<note place='foot'>See
+works on the three messages of Revelation 14, for sale by
+the International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.</note> Since then
+the churches have been going down in spirituality
+and godliness, catering more and more to the world,
+indulging in carnal amusements, festivals, wife auctions,
+and kissing bees, to the very border line of
+decency, but especially filling up with the influences
+mentioned in Rev. 18:2, till the leaven of Spiritualism
+is fast penetrating the whole mass. Yet there
+are a multitude of God's people connected with these
+churches, who deplore the situation, and for whom
+a crisis is approaching. The cry is again to be
+raised, <q>Babylon is fallen, come out of her my
+people.</q> We verily believe the time has come
+when that call should be made and heeded; for a
+little further progress in the evil path upon which
+we have entered, will surely provoke the just judgments
+of heaven. Verses 4, 5.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+8. 2 Tim. 3:8: <q>Now as Jannes and Jambres
+withstood Moses, so do these also resist the truth:
+men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the
+faith.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The first five verses of this chapter portray a dark
+list of eighteen sins which will characterize professed
+Christians in the last days; for those who bear the
+characters described, have a <emph>form of godliness</emph>, but
+deny the power thereof. The three following verses
+plainly describe certain members of the spiritualistic
+<pb n='145'/><anchor id='Pg145'/>
+fraternity; and they are said to be of the same sort.
+This prophecy therefore becomes parallel to that
+which has just been examined. The fall of Babylon
+prepares the popular churches for Spiritualism. Here
+the practice of these sins in the churches, makes
+them of the same sort with Spiritualists, so that they
+fraternize well together. Jannes and Jambres withstood
+Moses by the wonders they were able to
+perform; so these will resist the truth through the
+wonders of Spiritualism. And this is in the last
+days where we now are. So Babylon's fall just
+precedes the coming of Christ.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+9. Rev. 16:14: <q>For they are the spirits of
+devils, working miracles, which go forth unto the
+kings of the earth and of the whole world, to
+gather them to the battle of that great day of
+God Almighty.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The work of the spirits reaches its climax in the
+scene here brought to view. Their last mission is
+to go to the kings of the earth to gather them to
+the battle of that great day of God Almighty. In
+this conflict, so far as this earth is concerned, the
+great controversy between Christ and Satan closes
+in the triumph of Him who rides forth on a white
+horse at the head of the white-horsed armies of
+heaven. The beast and false prophet are hurled
+into a lake of fire, and the remnant, the kings of
+the earth and their armies, are slain by the sword
+of him upon whose vesture is inscribed the all-conquering
+title, <q>King of kings and Lord of
+lords.</q> Rev. 19:11-21.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='146'/><anchor id='Pg146'/>
+
+<p>
+But before these spirits can thus influence the
+kings of the earth, they must make their way to
+them and bring them under their control. They
+have already shown great facility in this work, giving
+promise of what they will be able to do in the
+near future. A work by Hudson Tuttle, <q>What Is
+Spiritualism?</q> p. 6, names the following among the
+late and living crowned heads, nobility, etc., who
+have been supporters of Spiritualism:&mdash;
+</p>
+
+<quote rend="display">
+<q>Emperor Alexander, of Russia; Louis Napoleon, of
+France; Queen Victoria, of England; Prince and Princess
+Metternich; Prince Wittgenstein, Lieutenant Aide-de-camp
+to the emperor of Russia; Hon. Alexander Axahof, Russian
+Imperial Councilor, St. Petersburg, Russia; Baron Guldenstuble,
+of Paris; Baron Von Schick, of Austria; Baron Von
+Dirkinck, of Holmfield, Holstein; Le Comte de Bullet, of
+Paris; Duke of Leuchtenberg, of Germany. Of England
+there are Lord Lyndhurst, Lord Lindsay, Lord Adare, Lord
+Dunraven, Sir W. Trevilyan, Countess Carthness, Sir T. Willshire,
+Lady Cowper, Sir Charles Napier, Sir Charles Isham,
+Bart., Colonel E. B. Wilbraham, of the English army,</q> etc.
+</quote>
+
+<p>
+The late Alexander III, of Russia, and the queen
+of Spain are also reckoned among the number.
+Thus, so far as the agency of the spirits is concerned,
+there is nothing in the way of the speedy
+fulfilment of Rev. 16:14.
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<index index="pdf"/>
+<head>Conclusion.</head>
+
+<p>
+The reader now has before him, in brief, the main
+outlines of this momentous subject.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+1. Spiritualism, so far as its phenomena are concerned,
+is not humbug and trickery, but a real manifestation
+of power and intelligence.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='147'/><anchor id='Pg147'/>
+
+<p>
+2. But the marvels and wonders are not performed
+by the spirits of the dead.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+3. Evil spirits step in and counterfeit what are
+supposed to be the spirits of the dead, in which
+men have been taught to believe, simulating points
+of identity to any minute particular that may be
+required.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+4. Besides starting on this false assumption, all
+their teaching shows that they are agents of evil,
+not of good, and their work is to degrade, not
+elevate.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+5. The world by long resistance of the truth, has
+prepared the way for this deception, which the spirit
+that worketh in the children of disobedience is not
+slow to improve.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+6. Even the churches of Christ, by rejection of
+the truth, are preparing themselves for the same
+snare.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+7. The Scriptures have plainly pointed out this
+great outbreak of the working of Satan, and invariably
+connected it with the last days and the second
+coming of Christ.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+8. Spiritualism is thus a subject of prophecy,
+and an infallible sign and precursor of the soon-coming
+end.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+9. The great day of the Lord is near and hasteth
+greatly; and all things now call upon all men to
+prepare for its eternal decisions.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Is this the lesson? Who will heed it and thus
+escape the delusions and perils of these last days,
+and be finally saved in the kingdom of heaven?
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='149'/><anchor id='Pg149'/>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<index index="pdf"/>
+<head>Index Of Authors Referred To.</head>
+
+<p>
+Alexander, Emperor, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Axahof, Hon. Alexander, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Adare, Lord, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Alexander III., <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Bellachini, Mr., <ref target="Pg014">14</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Barrett, Dr. W. F., <ref target="Pg015">15</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Bright, John, <ref target="Pg030">30</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Buddha, <ref target="Pg086">86</ref>, <ref target="Pg087">87</ref>, <ref target="Pg088">88</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Brittan, Professor, <ref target="Pg111">111</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Brooklyn, May, <ref target="Pg128">128</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Channing, Dr., <ref target="Pg004">4</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cook, Joseph, <ref target="Pg012">12</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Crookes, Professor, <ref target="Pg017">17</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Crookes, Wm., F. R. S., <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Clarke, Dr. Adam, <ref target="Pg050">50</ref>, <ref target="Pg056">56</ref>, <ref target="Pg091">91</ref>, <ref target="Pg092">92</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Carey, Alice, <ref target="Pg078">78</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Confucius, <ref target="Pg086">86</ref>, <ref target="Pg088">88</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Conant, Mrs., <ref target="Pg090">90</ref>, <ref target="Pg119">119</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Curry, Dr., <ref target="Pg056">56</ref>, <ref target="Pg092">92</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Claflin, Mr., <ref target="Pg109">109</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Carter, Judge, <ref target="Pg113">113</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Campbell, Alexander, <ref target="Pg143">143</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Carthness, Countess, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cowper, Lady, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Dixon, Hepworth, <ref target="Pg028">28</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Davis, A. J., <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>, <ref target="Pg097">97</ref>, <ref target="Pg100">100</ref>, <ref target="Pg105">105</ref>, <ref target="Pg112">112</ref>, <ref target="Pg114">114</ref>, <ref target="Pg118">118</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Davenport, Messrs., <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Dow, Lorenzo, <ref target="Pg143">143</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Dunraven, Lord, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+De Bullet, Le Compte, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Eglinton, Mr., <ref target="Pg013">13</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Edmunds, Judge, <ref target="Pg028">28</ref>, <ref target="Pg117">117</ref>, <ref target="Pg118">118</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Fox, John D., <ref target="Pg018">18</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Fox, Mrs., <ref target="Pg018">18</ref>, <ref target="Pg019">19</ref>, <ref target="Pg020">20</ref>, <ref target="Pg021">21</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Fox, Margaret, <ref target="Pg018">18</ref>, <ref target="Pg020">20</ref>, <ref target="Pg022">22</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Fox, Kate, <ref target="Pg018">18</ref>, <ref target="Pg019">19</ref>, <ref target="Pg020">20</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Fox, David, <ref target="Pg018">18</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Fox, Mary, <ref target="Pg021">21</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Fox, Catharine, <ref target="Pg022">22</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Franklin, Benjamin, <ref target="Pg085">85</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Geary, Mr., <ref target="Pg013">13</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Glanvil, Mr., <ref target="Pg020">20</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Gridley, Dr., <ref target="Pg114">114</ref>, <ref target="Pg115">115</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Guldenstuble, Baron, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hazard, Thos. R., <ref target="Pg011">11</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Harrison, W. H., F. R. S., <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Home, Mr., <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hendricks, Mrs., <ref target="Pg031">31</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hatch, Mrs. C. L. V., <ref target="Pg083">83</ref>, <ref target="Pg106">106</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hare, Dr., <ref target="Pg084">84</ref>, <ref target="Pg085">85</ref>, <ref target="Pg089">89</ref>, <ref target="Pg092">92</ref>, <ref target="Pg099">99</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Harris, <q>Rev.</q> T. L., <ref target="Pg094">94</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hall, Hon. J. B., <ref target="Pg101">101</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hatch, Dr., <ref target="Pg106">106</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hudson, T. J., <ref target="Pg017">17</ref>, <ref target="Pg057">57</ref>, <ref target="Pg074">74</ref>, <ref target="Pg109">109</ref>, <ref target="Pg111">111</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hull, Moses, <ref target="Pg109">109</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hobart, Mr., <ref target="Pg122">122</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Isham, Sir Charles, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Jamieson, W. F., <ref target="Pg109">109</ref>, <ref target="Pg113">113</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Jaubert, M., <ref target="Pg126">126</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Keller, Harvy, <ref target="Pg013">13</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Krishna, <ref target="Pg087">87</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Keck, Professor, <ref target="Pg127">127</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Lillie, J. T., <ref target="Pg021">21</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Loveland, J. S., <ref target="Pg097">97</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Lull, Miss A. L., <ref target="Pg125">125</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Lillie, Mrs. R. S., <ref target="Pg127">127</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Leuchtenberg, Duke, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Lyndhurst, Lord, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Lindsay, Lord, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='150'/><anchor id='Pg150'/>
+
+<p>
+Mompesson, Mr., <ref target="Pg020">20</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Milton, John, <ref target="Pg040">40</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Mohammed, <ref target="Pg087">87</ref>, <ref target="Pg088">88</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Massey, Gerald, <ref target="Pg114">114</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Mahan, Pres., <ref target="Pg121">121</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Metternich, Prince, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Metternich, Princess, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Norton, Deacon John, <ref target="Pg089">89</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Napoleon, Louis, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Napier, Sir Charles, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Owen, Robert Dale, <ref target="Pg018">18</ref>, <ref target="Pg019">19</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Olshausen, Dr., <ref target="Pg056">56</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Orton, Mr., <ref target="Pg084">84</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Origen, <ref target="Pg141">141</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Putnam, Allen, <ref target="Pg075">75</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Paine, Thomas, <ref target="Pg085">85</ref>, <ref target="Pg087">87</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Potter, Dr. William B., <ref target="Pg107">107</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Parker, Theodore, <ref target="Pg114">114</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Queen of Spain, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Redfield, Mrs., <ref target="Pg021">21</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Randolph, Dr. B. P., <ref target="Pg104">104</ref>, <ref target="Pg105">105</ref>, <ref target="Pg112">112</ref>, <ref target="Pg128">128</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Richmond, Mrs. Cora L. V., <ref target="Pg126">126</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Slade, Mr., <ref target="Pg014">14</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Savage, M. J., <ref target="Pg015">15</ref>, <ref target="Pg022">22</ref>, <ref target="Pg024">24</ref>, <ref target="Pg025">25</ref>, <ref target="Pg032">32</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Stead, W. T., <ref target="Pg031">31</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Stanford, Leland, <ref target="Pg031">31</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tiffany, Joel, <ref target="Pg090">90</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tuttle, Hudson, <ref target="Pg113">113</ref>, <ref target="Pg116">116</ref>, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Trevilyan, Sir W., <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Underhill, Leah Fox, <ref target="Pg021">21</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Underwood, Mrs. S. A., <ref target="Pg026">26</ref>, <ref target="Pg080">80</ref>, <ref target="Pg123">123</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Vinet, Dr., <ref target="Pg005">5</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Victoria, Queen, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Von Schick, Baron, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Von Dirkinck, Baron, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Wesley, Mr., <ref target="Pg020">20</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Wood, Rev. J. G., <ref target="Pg026">26</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Wallace, Alfred R. F. R. S., <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>, <ref target="Pg030">30</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Weisse, Dr., <ref target="Pg084">84</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Washington, George, <ref target="Pg085">85</ref>, <ref target="Pg114">114</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Wilson, R. P., <ref target="Pg088">88</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Whitney, J. F., <ref target="Pg105">105</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Woodhull, Mrs., <ref target="Pg109">109</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Wilson, James Victor, <ref target="Pg112">112</ref>, <ref target="Pg113">113</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Webster, Professor, <ref target="Pg118">118</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Watson, Dr., <ref target="Pg125">125</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Wittgenstein, Prince, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Willshire, Sir T., <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Wilbraham, Col. E. B., <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Zöllner, Professor, <ref target="Pg012">12</ref>, <ref target="Pg013">13</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Zoroaster, <ref target="Pg068">68</ref>, <ref target="Pg088">88</ref>
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='151'/><anchor id='Pg151'/>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<index index="pdf"/>
+<head>Index Of Books, Papers, Etc., Quoted.</head>
+
+<p>
+Automatic or Spirit Writing, <ref target="Pg015">15</ref>, <ref target="Pg026">26</ref>, <ref target="Pg080">80</ref>, <ref target="Pg086">86</ref>, <ref target="Pg098">98</ref>, <ref target="Pg111">111</ref>, <ref target="Pg119">119</ref>, <ref target="Pg120">120</ref>, <ref target="Pg121">121</ref>, <ref target="Pg123">123</ref>, <ref target="Pg124">124</ref>, <ref target="Pg133">133</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Arena</hi>, The, <ref target="Pg015">15</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Astounding Facts from the Spirit World, <ref target="Pg114">114</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Banner of Light</hi>, <ref target="Pg021">21</ref>, <ref target="Pg078">78</ref>, <ref target="Pg079">79</ref>, <ref target="Pg083">83</ref>, <ref target="Pg084">84</ref>, <ref target="Pg086">86</ref>, <ref target="Pg089">89</ref>, <ref target="Pg090">90</ref>, <ref target="Pg097">97</ref>, <ref target="Pg101">101</ref>, <ref target="Pg119">119</ref>, <ref target="Pg123">123</ref>, <ref target="Pg125">125</ref>, <ref target="Pg126">126</ref>, <ref target="Pg127">127</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Christian at Work</hi>, The, <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>, <ref target="Pg030">30</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Chronicle</hi>, San Francisco <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Century Dictionary, <ref target="Pg035">35</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Christian Reformer</hi>, The, <ref target="Pg129">129</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Declaration of Principles of the Spiritualists, <ref target="Pg102">102</ref>, <ref target="Pg125">125</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Dealings with the Dead, <ref target="Pg104">104</ref>, <ref target="Pg112">112</ref>, <ref target="Pg123">123</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Death and the After Life, <ref target="Pg118">118</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen, <ref target="Pg121">121</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Forum</hi>, The, <ref target="Pg016">16</ref>, <ref target="Pg022">22</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World, <ref target="Pg018">18</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Fortnightly Review</hi>, <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>, <ref target="Pg030">30</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Home Circle, <ref target="Pg014">14</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Healing of the Nations, <ref target="Pg096">96</ref>, <ref target="Pg097">97</ref>, <ref target="Pg099">99</ref>, <ref target="Pg102">102</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Herald</hi>, Boston, <ref target="Pg130">130</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Kojiki Nohonki, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Koran, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Kan-Ying-Peen, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Law of Physic Phenomena, <ref target="Pg017">17</ref>, <ref target="Pg057">57</ref>, <ref target="Pg074">74</ref>, <ref target="Pg109">109</ref>, <ref target="Pg111">111</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Life in Two Spheres, <ref target="Pg113">113</ref>, <ref target="Pg116">116</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Law Books of Manu, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, and Miracles, <ref target="Pg075">75</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>North American</hi>, Philadelphia, <ref target="Pg011">11</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nineteenth Century Miracles, <ref target="Pg013">13</ref>, <ref target="Pg126">126</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nature of Divine Revelation, <ref target="Pg097">97</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Paradise Lost, <ref target="Pg040">40</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Pathfinder</hi>, New York, <ref target="Pg105">105</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Purana, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Quarterly Journal of Science</hi>, <ref target="Pg029">29</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Religio-Philosophical Journal</hi>, <ref target="Pg014">14</ref>, <ref target="Pg028">28</ref>, <ref target="Pg080">80</ref>, <ref target="Pg125">125</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Report of the 37th Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, <ref target="Pg021">21</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Review of Reviews</hi>, <ref target="Pg031">31</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Record</hi>, Philadelphia, <ref target="Pg128">128</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Spiritual Clarion</hi>, <ref target="Pg014">14</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Spiritual Telegraph</hi>, <ref target="Pg083">83</ref>, <ref target="Pg096">96</ref>, <ref target="Pg122">122</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Spiritual Science Demonstrated, <ref target="Pg089">89</ref>, <ref target="Pg092">92</ref>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='152'/><anchor id='Pg152'/>
+
+<p>
+Spiritualism as It Is, <ref target="Pg107">107</ref>, <ref target="Pg108">108</ref>, <ref target="Pg123">123</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Spiritualism <ref target="Pg118">118</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shaster, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>The Border Land</hi>, <ref target="Pg031">31</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Treatise on Christian Doctrine, <ref target="Pg040">40</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Truth Seeker</hi>, <ref target="Pg083">83</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Telegraphic Answer to Mahan, <ref target="Pg111">111</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Diakka and their Earthly Victims, <ref target="Pg112">112</ref>, <ref target="Pg113">113</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>Tribune</hi>, Chicago, <ref target="Pg128">128</ref>, <ref target="Pg129">129</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tao-Te-King, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tripitaka, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Veda, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic'>World</hi>, New York, <ref target="Pg030">30</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+What Is Spiritualism, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Zend Avesta, <ref target="Pg132">132</ref>
+</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<pb n='153'/><anchor id='Pg153'/>
+
+<div>
+<index index="toc"/>
+<index index="pdf"/>
+<head>Index Of Texts Of Scripture Illustrated Or Explained.</head>
+
+<lg>
+<l>GENESIS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">1:1-5, <ref target="Pg093">93</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">1:28, <ref target="Pg068">68</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:2, <ref target="Pg046">46</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:7, <ref target="Pg045">45</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:4, <ref target="Pg039">39</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:10, <ref target="Pg052">52</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">7:21, <ref target="Pg022">22</ref>, <ref target="Pg045">45</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">35:18, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>LEVITICUS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">19:31, <ref target="Pg036">36</ref>, <ref target="Pg053">53</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>NUMBERS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">16:22, <ref target="Pg048">48</ref>, <ref target="Pg050">50</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">27:16, <ref target="Pg050">50</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>DEUTERONOMY.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">13:1-3, <ref target="Pg005">5</ref>, <ref target="Pg077">77</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">18:9-12, <ref target="Pg036">36</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>1 SAMUEL.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">Chap. 28, <ref target="Pg052">52</ref>, <ref target="Pg053">53</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>1 KINGS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:1, <ref target="Pg073">73</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">17:21, 22, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>2 KINGS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">19:35, <ref target="Pg072">72</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">21:2, 6, <ref target="Pg009">9</ref>, <ref target="Pg011">11</ref>, <ref target="Pg036">36</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>JOB.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">7:21, <ref target="Pg062">62</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">14:21, <ref target="Pg063">63</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">19:25-27, <ref target="Pg093">93</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">34: 14, 15, <ref target="Pg045">45</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>PSALMS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">6:5, <ref target="Pg063">63</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">13:3, <ref target="Pg062">62</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">17:15, <ref target="Pg093">93</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">115:17, <ref target="Pg063">63</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">119:105, <ref target="Pg131">131</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">146:3, 4, <ref target="Pg062">62</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>ECCLESIASTES.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:19, 21, <ref target="Pg045">45</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">8:11, <ref target="Pg101">101</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">9:5, 6, 10, <ref target="Pg043">43</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">12:7, <ref target="Pg044">44</ref>, <ref target="Pg045">45</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>ISAIAH.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">5:20, <ref target="Pg101">101</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">8:19, <ref target="Pg074">74</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">8:19, 20, <ref target="Pg075">75</ref>, <ref target="Pg133">133</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">14:12-14, <ref target="Pg067">67</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">26:19, <ref target="Pg093">93</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">38:1, 5, 18, 19, <ref target="Pg063">63</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">61:1, <ref target="Pg050">50</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>EZEKIEL.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">18:20, <ref target="Pg097">97</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">28:, <ref target="Pg067">67</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">28:2, 12-15, <ref target="Pg068">68</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">37:12, <ref target="Pg093">93</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>DANIEL.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">11:2, <ref target="Pg093">93</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>HOSEA.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">13:14, <ref target="Pg093">93</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>HABAKKUK.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:11, <ref target="Pg052">52</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>MATTHEW.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">10:28, <ref target="Pg050">50</ref>, <ref target="Pg051">51</ref>, <ref target="Pg052">52</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">10:39, <ref target="Pg051">51</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">15:13, <ref target="Pg009">9</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">17:3, <ref target="Pg056">56</ref></l>
+<pb n='154'/><anchor id='Pg154'/>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">22:23-28, 32, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">24:23-35, <ref target="Pg135">135</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">24:24, <ref target="Pg083">83</ref>, <ref target="Pg134">134</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">24:30, 31, <ref target="Pg058">58</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">25:32, 33, <ref target="Pg097">97</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">27:18, <ref target="Pg085">85</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">28:3, 4, <ref target="Pg072">72</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>LUKE.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">10:18, <ref target="Pg071">71</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">14:14, <ref target="Pg064">64</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">16:, <ref target="Pg057">57</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">19:35, <ref target="Pg064">64</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">23:39-43, <ref target="Pg058">58</ref>, <ref target="Pg059">59</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>JOHN.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:6, <ref target="Pg046">46</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:19-21, <ref target="Pg109">109</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">6:39,40, <ref target="Pg064">64</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">6:40, <ref target="Pg051">51</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">8:44, <ref target="Pg067">67</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">11:11, <ref target="Pg062">62</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">11:25, <ref target="Pg055">55</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">14:30, <ref target="Pg068">68</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">19:31-33, <ref target="Pg060">60</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">20:17, <ref target="Pg059">59</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>ACTS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">7:60, <ref target="Pg062">62</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">16:16-18, <ref target="Pg036">36</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">17:31, <ref target="Pg064">64</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">26:23, <ref target="Pg057">57</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>ROMANS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:15, <ref target="Pg095">95</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:17, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">6:16, <ref target="Pg068">68</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">6:23, <ref target="Pg097">97</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>1 CORINTHIANS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">11:30, <ref target="Pg062">62</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">15:, <ref target="Pg092">92</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">15:18, <ref target="Pg064">64</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">15:51, <ref target="Pg062">62</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">15:51-54, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>2 CORINTHIANS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:4, <ref target="Pg068">68</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">5:2, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">12:2-4, <ref target="Pg059">59</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>GALATIANS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">5:19-21, <ref target="Pg036">36</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>EPHESIANS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:2, <ref target="Pg068">68</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">6:11, <ref target="Pg072">72</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">6:12, <ref target="Pg073">73</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>PHILIPPIANS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:11, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">1:23, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>1 THESSALONIANS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:14, <ref target="Pg062">62</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:15-17, <ref target="Pg058">58</ref>, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">5:23, <ref target="Pg048">48</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>2 THESSALONIANS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:8,9, <ref target="Pg139">139</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:9-12, <ref target="Pg138">138</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>1 TIMOTHY.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">1:17, <ref target="Pg042">42</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:6, <ref target="Pg067">67</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:1, <ref target="Pg073">73</ref>, <ref target="Pg088">88</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">6:16 <ref target="Pg042">42</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>2 TIMOTHY.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:8, <ref target="Pg144">144</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:1, 8, <ref target="Pg064">64</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:1, 10-12, <ref target="Pg139">139</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>HEBREWS.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:14, <ref target="Pg055">55</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">10:25-29, <ref target="Pg135">135</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">11:15, 16, <ref target="Pg061">61</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">11:40, <ref target="Pg048">48</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">12:9, <ref target="Pg023">23</ref>, <ref target="Pg050">50</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">12:23, <ref target="Pg047">47</ref>, <ref target="Pg050">50</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>JAMES.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:6-8, <ref target="Pg072">72</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>1 PETER.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">1:11, <ref target="Pg049">49</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:19, <ref target="Pg048">48</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:20, <ref target="Pg049">49</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">5:8, 9, <ref target="Pg073">73</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<pb n='155'/><anchor id='Pg155'/>
+
+<lg>
+<l>2 PETER.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">1:16-18, <ref target="Pg056">56</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">1:19, <ref target="Pg131">131</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:4, <ref target="Pg066">66</ref>, <ref target="Pg072">72</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">3:7, <ref target="Pg013">13</ref>, <ref target="Pg072">72</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>1 JOHN.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:22, <ref target="Pg087">87</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:23, <ref target="Pg083">83</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:1, 16-18, <ref target="Pg134">134</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">4:3, <ref target="Pg088">88</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">5:18, <ref target="Pg072">72</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>JUDE.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">Verse 4, <ref target="Pg088">88</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">" 6, <ref target="Pg066">66</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">" 9, <ref target="Pg055">55</ref></l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>REVELATION.</l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">2:7, <ref target="Pg059">59</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">5:13, <ref target="Pg072">72</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">6:9-11, <ref target="Pg052">52</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">12:3, 4, <ref target="Pg137">137</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">12:7, <ref target="Pg071">71</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">12:12, <ref target="Pg135">135</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">13:1-10, <ref target="Pg137">137</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">13:11, 13, 14, <ref target="Pg136">136</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">13:11-17, <ref target="Pg138">138</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">14:1-5, <ref target="Pg138">138</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">14:8, <ref target="Pg144">144</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">16:13, 14, <ref target="Pg075">75</ref>, <ref target="Pg138">138</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">16:14, <ref target="Pg145">145</ref>, <ref target="Pg146">146</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">17:5, <ref target="Pg142">142</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">18:2, <ref target="Pg140">140</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">18:2, 4, 5, <ref target="Pg144">144</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">19:11-21, <ref target="Pg145">145</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">19:20, <ref target="Pg138">138</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">20:4-6, <ref target="Pg051">51</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">20:14, 15, <ref target="Pg072">72</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">21:8, <ref target="Pg036">36</ref>, <ref target="Pg093">93</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">22:1, 2, <ref target="Pg059">59</ref></l>
+<l rend="margin-left: 2">22:15, <ref target="Pg093">93</ref></l>
+</lg>
+</div>
+</body>
+<back rend="page-break-before: right">
+  <div id="footnotes">
+    <index index="toc" />
+    <index index="pdf" />
+    <head>Footnotes</head>
+    <divGen type="footnotes"/>
+  </div>
+  <div rend="page-break-before: right">
+    <divGen type="pgfooter" />
+  </div>
+</back>
+</text>
+</TEI.2>
diff --git a/27197.txt b/27197.txt
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/27197.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5521 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Modern Spiritualism by Uriah Smith
+
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no
+restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under
+the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or
+online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license
+
+
+
+Title: Modern Spiritualism
+
+Author: Uriah Smith
+
+Release Date: November 7, 2008 [Ebook #27197]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: US-ASCII
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MODERN SPIRITUALISM***
+
+
+
+
+
+                           MODERN SPIRITUALISM
+
+                          A SUBJECT OF PROPHECY
+
+                                  AND A
+
+                            SIGN OF THE TIMES.
+
+                              BY URIAH SMITH
+
+                   THE REVIEW AND HERALD PUBLISHING CO.
+
+                                  1896.
+
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+Preface.
+Chapter One. Opening Thought.
+   A Manifestation of Power.
+   A Manifestation of Intelligence.
+   The Progress of Spiritualism.
+Chapter Two. What is the Agency in Question?
+   Credentials of the Bible.
+   An Impossibility.
+   The Soul Not Immortal.
+Chapter Three. The Dead Unconscious.
+Chapter Four. They Are Evil Angels.
+   Warnings Against Evil Spirits.
+Chapter Five. What The Spirits Teach.
+   They Deny All Distinction Between Right And Wrong.
+   Dangers Of Mediumship.
+   Miscellaneous Teaching.
+   Spirits Cannot Be Identified.
+Chapter Six. Its Promises: How Fulfilled.
+Chapter Seven. Spiritualism A Subject Of Prophecy.
+Conclusion.
+Index Of Authors Referred To.
+Index Of Books, Papers, Etc., Quoted.
+Index Of Texts Of Scripture Illustrated Or Explained.
+Footnotes
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+For nearly fifty years Spiritualism has been before the world. This surely
+is time enough to enable it to show its character by its fruits. "By their
+fruits ye shall know them," is a rule that admits of no exceptions. If
+evil fruits appear, the tree is corrupt.
+
+Spiritualism has made unbounded promises of good. It has claimed to be the
+long-promised second coming of Christ; the opening of a new era among
+mankind; the rosy portal of a golden age, when all men should be reformed,
+evil disappear, and the renovation of society cause the hearts of men to
+leap for joy, and the earth to blossom as the rose.
+
+Has it fulfilled all, or any, of these promises? If not, is it not a
+deception? and if a deception, considering its wide-spread influence, and
+the number of its adherents, is it not one of the most gigantic and
+appalling deceptions that has ever fallen upon Christendom? The Bible in
+the plainest terms, declares that in the last days malign influences will
+be let loose upon the world; false pretensions will be urged upon the
+minds of men; and deceptions, backed up by preternatural signs and
+wonders, will develop to such a degree of strength, that, if it were
+possible, they would deceive the very elect. Is it possible that
+Spiritualism may be the very development of evil, against which this
+warning is directed?
+
+To investigate these questions, and to show by unimpeachable testimony,
+what Spiritualism is, and the place it holds among the psychological
+movements of the present day, is the object of these pages. Not a few
+books have been written against Spiritualism; but most of them endeavor to
+account for it on the ground of human jugglery and imposture, or on
+natural principles, the discovery of a new and heretofore occult force in
+nature, etc., from which great things may be expected in the future. But
+rarely has any one discussed it from the standpoint of prophecy, and the
+testimony of the Scriptures, the only point of view, as we believe, from
+which its true origin, nature, and tendency, can be ascertained.
+
+Many features in the work of Spiritualism would seem to indicate that the
+source from which it springs is far from good; but it is based upon a
+church dogma, firmly established through all Christendom, which in many
+minds is of sufficient weight to overbalance considerations that would
+otherwise be considered ample grounds for shunning or renouncing it. It is
+therefore the more necessary that the reader, in examining this question,
+should let the bonds that have heretofore bound him to preconceived
+opinions, sit loose upon him, and that he should put himself in the mood
+of Dr. Channing when he said: "I must choose to receive the truth, no
+matter how it bears upon myself, and must follow it no matter where it
+leads, from what party it severs me, or to what party it allies." And he
+should remember also, as the eminent and pious Dr. Vinet once sagaciously
+observed, that "even now, after eighteen centuries of Christianity, we are
+very probably involved in some enormous error, of which Christianity will,
+in some future time, make us ashamed."
+
+In view, therefore, of the importance of this question, and the tremendous
+issues that hang on the decisions we may make in these perilous times, we
+feel justified even in _adjuring_ the reader to canvass this subject with
+an inflexible determination to learn the truth, and then to follow it
+wherever it may lead.
+
+U. S.
+_Battle Creek, Mich., 1897._
+
+
+
+
+
+                               Chapter One.
+
+
+OPENING THOUGHT.
+
+
+What think ye? Whence is it--from heaven or of men? Such was the nature of
+the question addressed by our Saviour to the men of his time, concerning
+the baptism of John. It is the crucial question by which to test every
+system that comes to us in the garb of religion: Is it from heaven or of
+men? And if a true answer to the question can be found, it must determine
+our attitude toward it; for if it is from heaven, it challenges at once
+our acceptance and profound regard, but if it is of men, sooner or later,
+in this world or in the world to come, it will be destroyed with all its
+followers; for our Saviour has declared that every plant which our
+heavenly Father has not planted shall be rooted up. Matt. 15:13.
+
+To those who do not believe in any "heavenly Father," nor in "Christ the
+Saviour," nor in any "revealed word of God," we would say that these
+points will be assumed in this work rather than directly argued, though
+many incidental proofs will appear, to which we trust our friends will be
+pleased to give some consideration. But we address ourselves particularly
+to those who still have faith in God the Father of all; in his divine Son,
+our Lord Jesus Christ, through whose blood we have redemption; in the
+Bible as the inspired revelation of God's will; and in the Holy Spirit as
+the enlightener of the mind, and the sanctifier of the soul. To all those
+to whom this position is common ground, the Bible will be the standard of
+authority, and the court of last appeal, in the study upon which we now
+enter.
+
+
+
+
+A Manifestation of Power.
+
+
+Spiritualism cannot be disposed of with a sneer. A toss of the head and a
+cry of "humbug," will not suffice to meet its claims and the testimony of
+careful, conservative men who have studied thoroughly into the genuineness
+of its manifestations, and have sought for the secret of its power, and
+have become satisfied as to the one, and been wholly baffled as to the
+other. That there have been abundant instances of attempted fraud,
+deception, jugglery, and imposition, is not to be denied. But this does
+not by any means set aside the fact that there have been manifestations of
+more than human power, the evidence for which has never been impeached.
+The detection of a few sham mediums, who are trying to impose upon the
+credulity of the public, for money, may satisfy the careless and
+unthinking, that the whole affair is a humbug. Such will dismiss the
+matter from their minds, and depart, easier subjects to be captured by the
+movement when some manifestation appears for which they can find no
+explanation. But the more thoughtful and careful observers well know that
+the exposure of these mountebanks does not account for the numberless
+manifestations of power, and the steady current of phenomena, utterly
+inexplicable on any human hypothesis, which have attended the movement
+from the beginning.
+
+The Philadelphia _North American_, of July 31, 1885, published a
+communication from Thomas R. Hazard, in which he says:--
+
+
+    "But Spiritualism, whatever may be thought of it, must be
+    recognized as a fact. It is one of the characteristic intellectual
+    or emotional phenomena of the times, and as such, it is deserving
+    of a more serious examination than it has yet received. There are
+    those who say it is all humbug, and that everything outside of the
+    ordinary course which takes place at the so-called seances, is the
+    direct result of fraudulent and deliberative imposture; in short,
+    that every Spiritualist must be either a fool or a knave. The
+    serious objection to this hypothesis is that the explanation is
+    almost as difficult of belief as the occurrences which it
+    explains. There must certainly be some Spiritualists who are both
+    honest and intelligent; and if the manifestations at the seances
+    were altogether and invariably fraudulent, surely the whole thing
+    must have collapsed long before this; and the Seybert Commission,
+    which finds it necessary to extend its investigations over an
+    indefinite period, which will certainly not be less than a year,
+    would have been able to sweep the delusion away in short order."
+
+
+The phenomena are so well known, that it is unnecessary to recount them
+here. Among them may be mentioned such achievements as these: Various
+articles have been transported from place to place, without human hands,
+but by the agency of so-called spirits only; beautiful music has been
+produced independently of human agency, with and without the aid of
+visible instruments; many well-attested cases of healing have been
+presented; persons have been carried through the air by the spirits in the
+presence of many witnesses; tables have been suspended in the air with
+several persons upon them; purported spirits have presented themselves in
+bodily form and talked with an audible voice; and all this not once or
+twice merely, but times without number, as may be gathered from the
+records of Spiritualism, all through its history.
+
+A few particular instances, as samples, it may be allowable to notice: Not
+many years since, Joseph Cook made his memorable tour around the world. In
+Europe he met the famous German philosopher, Professor Zoellner. Mr.
+Zoellner had been carefully investigating the phenomena of Spiritualism,
+and assured Mr. Cook of the following occurrences as facts, under his own
+observation: Knots had been found tied in the middle of cords, by some
+invisible agency, while both ends were made securely fast, so that they
+could not be tampered with; messages were written between doubly and
+trebly sealed slates; coin had passed through a table in a manner to
+illustrate the suspension of the laws of impenetrability of matter; straps
+of leather were knotted under his own hand; the impression of two feet was
+given on sooted paper pasted inside of two sealed slates; whole and
+uninjured wooden rings were placed around the standard of a card table,
+over either end of which they could by no possibility be slipped; and
+finally the table itself, a heavy beechen structure, wholly disappeared,
+and then fell from the top of the room where Professor Zoellner and his
+friends were sitting.
+
+In further confirmation of the fact that real spiritualistic
+manifestations are no sleight-of-hand performances, we cite the case of
+Harry Kellar, a professional performer, as given in "Nineteenth Century
+Miracles," p. 213. The seance was held with the medium, Eglinton, in
+Calcutta, India, Jan. 25, 1882. He says:--
+
+
+    "It is needless to say that I went as a skeptic; but I must own
+    that I have come away utterly unable to explain by any natural
+    means the phenomena that I witnessed on Tuesday evening."
+
+
+He then describes the particulars of the seance. An intelligence,
+purporting to be the spirit of one Geary, gave a communication. Mr. Kellar
+did not recognize the name nor recall the man. The message was repeated,
+with the added circumstances of the time and particulars of a previous
+meeting, when Mr. Kellar recalled the events, and, much to his surprise,
+the whole matter came clearly to his recollection. He then adds:--
+
+
+    "I still remain a skeptic as regards Spiritualism, but I repeat my
+    inability to explain or account for what must have been an
+    intelligent force which produced the writing on the slate, which,
+    if my senses are to be relied on, was in no way the result of
+    trickery or sleight-of-hand."
+
+
+Another instance from "Home Circle," p. 25, is that of Mr. Bellachini,
+also a professional conjuror, of Berlin, Germany. His interview was with
+the celebrated medium, Mr. Slade. From his testimony we quote the
+following:--
+
+
+    "I have not, in the smallest degree, found anything to be produced
+    by prestidigitative manifestations or mechanical apparatus; and
+    any explanation of the experiments which took place under the
+    circumstances and conditions then obtaining, by any reference to
+    prestidigitation, is _absolutely impossible_. I declare, moreover,
+    the published opinions of laymen as to the 'How' of this subject,
+    to be premature, and according to my views and experience, false
+    and one-sided."--_Dated, Berlin, Dec. 6, 1877._
+
+
+When professional conjurors bear such testimony as this, while it does not
+prove Spiritualism to be what it claims to be, it does disprove the humbug
+theory.
+
+In addition to this, it appears that two propositions, one of $2000, and
+the other of $5000, have been offered to the one who claimed to be able to
+duplicate all the manifestations of Spiritualism, to duplicate two
+well-authenticated tests; but the challenge has never been accepted, nor
+the reward claimed. See _Religio-Philosophical Journal_, of Jan. 15, 1881,
+and January, 1883.
+
+A writer in the _Spiritual Clarion_, in an article on "The Millennium of
+Spiritualism," bears the following testimony in regard to the power and
+strength of the movement:--
+
+
+    "This revelation has been with a power, a might, that if divested
+    of its almost universal benevolence, had been a terror to the very
+    soul; the hair of the very bravest had stood on end, and his
+    chilled blood had crept back upon his heart, at the sights and
+    sounds of its inexplicable phenomena. It comes with foretokening
+    and warning. It has been, from the very first, its own best
+    prophet, and step by step, it has foretold the progress it would
+    make. It comes, too, most triumphant. No faith before it ever took
+    such a victorious stand in its very infancy. It has swept like a
+    hurricane of fire through the land, compelling faith from the
+    baffled scoffer, and the most determined doubter."
+
+
+Dr. W. F. Barrett, Professor of Experimental Physics in the Royal College
+of Dublin, says:--
+
+
+    "It is well known to those who have made the phenomena of
+    Spiritualism the subject of prolonged and careful inquiry, in the
+    spirit of exact and unimpassioned scientific research, that
+    beneath a repellent mass of imposture and delusion there remain
+    certain inexplicable and startling facts which science can neither
+    explain away nor deny."--_"__Automatic, or Spirit, Writing,__"__ p.
+    11 (1896)._
+
+
+In the _Arena_ of November, 1892, p. 688, Mr. M. J. Savage, the noted
+Unitarian minister of Boston, says:--
+
+
+    "Next comes what are ordinarily classed together as 'mediumistic
+    phenomena.' The most important of these are psychometry, 'vision'
+    of 'spirit' forms, claimed communications by means of rappings,
+    table movements, automatic writing, independent writing, trance
+    speaking, etc. With them also ought to be noted what are generally
+    called physical phenomena, though in most cases, since they are
+    intelligibly directed, the use of the word 'physical,' without
+    this qualification, might be misleading. These physical phenomena
+    include such facts as the movement of material objects by other
+    than the ordinary muscular force, the making objects heavier or
+    lighter when tested by the scales, the playing on musical
+    instruments by some invisible power, etc.... Now all of these
+    referred to (with the exception of independent writing, and
+    materialization) I know to be genuine. I do not at all mean by
+    this that I know that the 'spiritualistic' interpretation of them
+    is the true one. I mean only that they are genuine phenomena; that
+    they have occurred; that they are not tricks or the result of
+    fraud."
+
+
+In the _Forum_ of December, 1889, p. 455, the same writer describes his
+experience at the house of a friend with whom he had been acquainted eight
+or ten years. When about to depart, he thought he would try an experiment.
+He says:--
+
+
+    "She and I stood at opposite ends of the table at which we had
+    been sitting. Both of us having placed the tips of our fingers
+    lightly on the top of the table, I spoke, as if addressing some
+    unseen force connected with the table, and said: 'Now I must go;
+    will you not accompany me to the door?' The door was ten or
+    fifteen feet distant, and was closed. The table started. It had no
+    casters, and in order to make it move as it did, we should have
+    had to go behind and push it. As a matter of fact we led it, while
+    it accompanied us all the way, and struck against the door with
+    considerable force."
+
+
+From the same article, p. 456, we quote again:--
+
+
+    "I add one more experiment of my own. I sat one day in a heavy,
+    stuffed armchair. The psychic sat beside me, and laying his hand
+    on the back of the chair, gradually raised it. Immediately I felt
+    and saw myself, chair and all, lifted into the air at least one
+    foot from the floor. There was no uneven motion implying any sense
+    of effort on the part of the lifting force; and I was gently
+    lowered again to the carpet. This was in broad light, in a hotel
+    parlor, and in presence of a keen-eyed lawyer friend. I could
+    plainly watch the whole thing. No man living could have lifted me
+    in such a position, and besides, I saw that the psychic made not
+    the slightest apparent effort. Nor was there any machinery or
+    preparation of any kind. My companion, the lawyer, on going away,
+    speaking in reference to the whole sitting, said: 'I've seen
+    enough evidence to hang every man in the State--enough to prove
+    _anything excepting this_.'
+
+
+    "Professor Crookes, of London, relates having seen and heard an
+    accordion played on while it was enclosed in a wire net-work, and
+    not touched by any visible hand. I have seen an approach to the
+    same thing. In daylight I have seen a man hold an accordion in the
+    air, not more than three feet away from me. He held it by one
+    hand, grasping the side opposite to that on which the keys were
+    fixed. In this position, it, or something, played long tunes, the
+    side containing the keys being pushed in and drawn out without any
+    contact that I could see. I then said, 'Will it not play for me?'
+    The reply was, 'I don't know: you can try it.' I then took the
+    accordion in my hands. There was no music; but what did occur was
+    quite as inexplicable to me, and quite as convincing as a display
+    of some kind of power. I know not how to express it, except by
+    saying that the accordion was seized as if by some one trying to
+    take it away from me. To test this power, I grasped the instrument
+    with both hands. The struggle was as real as though my antagonist
+    was another man. I succeeded in keeping it, but only by the most
+    strenuous efforts.
+
+
+    "On another occasion I was sitting with a 'medium.' I was too far
+    away for him to reach me, even had he tried, which he did not do;
+    for he sat perfectly quiet. My knees were not under the table, but
+    were where I could see them plainly. Suddenly my right knee was
+    grasped as by a hand. It was a firm grip. I could feel the print
+    and pressure of all the fingers. I said not a word of the strange
+    sensation, but quietly put my right hand down and clasped my knee
+    in order to see if I could feel anything on my hand. At once I
+    felt what seemed like the most delicate finger tips playing over
+    my own fingers and gradually rising in their touches toward my
+    wrist. When this was reached, I felt a series of clear, distinct,
+    and definite pats, as though made by a hand of fleshy vigor. I
+    made no motion to indicate what was going on, and said not a word
+    until the sensation had passed. All this while I was carefully
+    watching my hand, for it was plain daylight, and it was in full
+    view; but I saw nothing."
+
+
+We need not multiply evidence on this point. A remark by T. J. Hudson
+("Law of Psychic Phenomena," p. 206, McClurg & Co., Chicago, 1894) may
+fitly close this division of the subject. He says:--
+
+
+    "I will not waste time, however, by attempting to prove by
+    experiments of my own, or of others, that such phenomena do occur.
+    It is too late for that. The facts are too well known to the
+    civilized world to require proof at this time. The man who denies
+    the phenomena of spiritism to-day is not entitled to be called a
+    skeptic, he is simply ignorant; and it would be a hopeless task to
+    attempt to enlighten him."
+
+
+
+
+A Manifestation of Intelligence.
+
+
+From the testimony already given it is evident that there is connected
+with Spiritualism an agency that is able to manifest power and strength
+beyond anything that human beings, unaided, are able to exert. It is just
+as evident that the same agency possesses intelligence beyond the power of
+human minds. Indeed, this was the very feature that first brought it to
+the attention of the public. Spiritualism, as the reader is doubtless
+aware, originated in the family of Mr. John D. Fox, in Hydesville, near
+Rochester, N. Y., in the spring of 1848. Robert Dale Owen, in his work
+called "Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World," p. 290, has given a
+full narration of the circumstances attending this remarkable event. The
+particulars, he states, he had from Mrs. Fox, and her two daughters,
+Margaret and Kate, and son, David. The attention of the family had been
+attracted by strange noises which finally assumed the form of raps, or
+muffled footfalls, and became very annoying. Chairs were sometimes moved
+from their places, and this was once also the case with the dining-room
+table. Heard occasionally during February, the disturbance so increased
+during the latter part of March, as seriously to break the nightly repose
+of the family. But as these annoyances occurred only in the night-time,
+all the family hoped that soon, by some means, the mystery would be
+cleared away. They did not abandon this hope till Friday, the 31st of
+March, 1848. Wearied by a succession of sleepless nights, the family
+retired early, hoping for a respite from the disturbances that had
+harassed them. In this they were doomed to especial disappointment. We can
+do no better than to let Mr. Owen continue the narrative, in his own
+words:--
+
+
+    "The parents had removed the children's beds into their bedroom,
+    and strictly enjoined them not to talk of noises, even if they
+    heard them. But scarcely had the mother seen them safely in bed,
+    and was retiring to rest herself, when the children cried out,
+    'Here they are again!' The mother chided them, and lay down.
+    Thereupon the noises became louder and more startling. The
+    children sat up in bed. Mrs. Fox called her husband. The night
+    being windy, it was suggested to him that it might be the rattling
+    of the sashes. He tried several to see if they were loose. Kate,
+    the younger girl, happened to remark that as often as her father
+    shook a window-sash, the noises seemed to reply. Being a lively
+    child, and in a measure accustomed to what was going on, she
+    turned to where the noise was, snapped her fingers, and called
+    out, 'Here, old Splitfoot, do as I do!' The knocking instantly
+    responded.
+
+
+    "_That was the very commencement. Who can tell where the end will
+    be?_
+
+
+    "I do not mean that it was Kate Fox, who thus, in childish jest,
+    first discovered that these mysterious sounds seemed instinct with
+    intelligence. Mr. Mompesson, two hundred years ago, had already
+    observed a similar phenomenon. Glanvil had verified it. So had
+    Wesley, and his children. So we have seen, and others. But in all
+    these cases the matter rested there and the observation was not
+    prosecuted further. As, previous to the invention of the steam
+    engine, sundry observers had trodden the very threshold of the
+    discovery and there stopped, so in this case, where the royal
+    chaplain, disciple though he was of the inductive philosophy, and
+    where the founder of Methodism, admitting, as he did, the
+    probabilities of ultramundane interference, were both at fault, a
+    Yankee girl, but nine years old, following up more in sport than
+    in earnest, a chance observation, became the instigator of a
+    movement which, whatever its true character, has had its influence
+    throughout the civilized world. The spark had been ignited,--once
+    at least two centuries ago; but it had died each time without
+    effect. It kindled no flame till the middle of the nineteenth
+    century.
+
+
+    "And yet how trifling the step from the observation at Tedworth to
+    the discovery at Hydesville! Mr. Mompesson, in bed with his little
+    daughter (about Kate's age), whom the sound seemed chiefly to
+    follow, 'observed that it would exactly answer, in drumming,
+    anything that was beaten or called for.' But his curiosity led him
+    no further.
+
+
+    "Not so Kate Fox. She tried, by silently bringing together her
+    thumb and forefinger; whether she could obtain a response. Yes! It
+    could _see_, then, as well as _hear_. She called her mother. 'Only
+    look, mother,' she said, bringing together again her finger and
+    thumb, as before. And as often as she repeated the noiseless
+    motion, just as often responded the raps.
+
+
+    "This at once arrested her mother's attention. 'Count ten,' she
+    said, addressing the noise. Ten strokes, distinctly given! 'How
+    old is my daughter Margaret?' Twelve strokes. 'And Kate?' Nine.
+    'What can all this mean?' was Mrs. Fox's thought. Who was
+    answering her? Was it only some mysterious echo of her own
+    thought? But the next question which she put seemed to refute the
+    idea. 'How many children have I?' she asked aloud. Seven strokes.
+    'Ah!' she thought, 'it can blunder sometimes.' And then aloud,
+    'Try again.' Still the number of raps was seven. Of a sudden a
+    thought crossed Mrs. Fox's mind. 'Are they all alive?' she asked.
+    Silence for answer. 'How many are living?' Six strokes. 'How many
+    are dead?' A single stroke. _She had lost a child._
+
+
+    "Then she asked, 'Are you a man?' No answer. 'Are you a spirit?'
+    It rapped. 'May my neighbors hear, if I call them?' It rapped
+    again.
+
+
+    "Thereupon she asked her husband to call her neighbor, a Mrs.
+    Redfield, who came in laughing. But her cheer was soon changed.
+    The answers to her inquiries were as prompt and pertinent, as they
+    had been to those of Mrs. Fox. She was struck with awe; and when,
+    in reply to a question about the number of her children, by
+    rapping four, instead of three, as she expected, it reminded her
+    of a little daughter, Mary, whom she had recently lost, the mother
+    burst into tears."
+
+
+We have introduced this narrative thus at length not only because it is
+interesting in itself, but because it is of special interest that all the
+particulars of the origin, or beginning, of such a movement as this,
+should be well understood. The following paragraph will explain how it
+came to be called "The Rochester Knockings," under which name it first
+became widely known. It is from the "Report of the 37th Anniversary of
+Modern Spiritualism," held in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 31, 1885, and
+reported in the _Banner of Light_, the 25th of the following month:--
+
+
+    "After a song by J. T. Lillie, Mrs. Leah Fox Underhill, the elder
+    of the three Fox sisters (who was on our platform), was requested
+    to speak. Mrs. Underhill said that she was not a public speaker,
+    but would answer any questions from the audience, and in response
+    to these questions told in a graphic manner how the spirits came
+    to their humble home in Hydesville, in 1848; how on the 31st of
+    March the first intelligent communication from the spirit world
+    came through the raps; how the family had been annoyed by the
+    manifestations, and by the notoriety that followed; how the
+    younger sisters, Catherine and Margaret, were taken to Rochester,
+    where she lived, by their mother, hoping that this great and
+    apparent calamity might pass from them; how their father and
+    mother prayed that this cup might be taken away, but the phenomena
+    became more marked and violent; how in the morning they would find
+    four coffins drawn with an artistic hand on the door of the
+    dining-room of her home in Rochester, of different sizes,
+    approximating to the ages and sizes of the family, and these were
+    lined with a pink color, and they were told that unless they made
+    this great fact known, they would all speedily die, and enter the
+    spirit-world.
+
+
+    "Gladly would they all have accepted this penalty for their
+    disobedience in not making this truth known to the world. She told
+    how they were compelled to hire Corinthian Hall in Rochester; how
+    several public meetings were held in Rochester, culminating in the
+    selection of a committee of prominent infidels, who, after
+    submitting the Fox children to the most severe tests,--they being
+    disrobed in the presence of a committee of ladies,--reported in
+    their favor.... All the time she was on our platform, there was a
+    continuous rapping by the spirits in response to what was being
+    said by the several speakers, also in response to the singing, and
+    all our exercises."
+
+
+In the same volume of the _Forum_ from which quotations have already been
+made, M. J. Savage states many facts which have a determinate bearing on
+the point now under consideration; namely, the intelligence manifested in
+the spiritual phenomena. From these we quote a few. He says (p. 452 and
+onward):--
+
+
+    "I am in possession of quite a large body of apparent facts that I
+    do not know what to do with.... That certain things to me
+    inexplicable have occurred, I believe. The negative opinion of
+    some one with whom no such things have occurred, will not satisfy
+    me.... I am ready to submit some specimens of those things that
+    constitute my problem. They can be only specimens; for a detailed
+    account of even half of those I have laid by, would stretch to the
+    limits of a book.
+
+
+    "A merchant ship bound for New York was on her homeward voyage.
+    She was in the Indian Ocean. The captain was engaged to be married
+    to a lady living in New England. One day early in the afternoon he
+    came, pale and excited, to one of his mates, and exclaimed, 'Tom,
+    Kate has just died! I have seen her die!' The mate looked at him
+    in amazement, not knowing what to make of such talk. But the
+    captain went on and described the whole scene--the room, her
+    appearance, how she died, and all the circumstances. So real was
+    it to him, and such was the effect on him, of his grief, that for
+    two or three weeks, he was carefully watched lest he should do
+    violence to himself. It was more than one hundred and fifty days
+    before the ship reached her harbor. During all this time no news
+    was received from home. But when at last the ship arrived at New
+    York, it was found that Kate did die at the time and under the
+    circumstances seen and described by the captain off the coast of
+    India. This is only one case out of hundreds. What does it mean?
+    Coincidence? Just happened so? This might be said of one; but a
+    hundred of such coincidences become inexplicable."
+
+
+The following is another instance mentioned by the same writer:--
+
+
+    "I went to the house of a woman in New York. She was not a
+    professional. We had never seen each other before. We took seats
+    in the parlor for a talk, I not looking for any manifestation.
+    Raps began. I do not say whether they were really where they
+    seemed to be or not; I know right well that the judgment is
+    subject to illusion through the senses. But I was told a 'spirit
+    friend' was present; and soon the name, time, and place of death,
+    etc., were given me. It was the name of a friend I had once known
+    intimately. But twenty years had passed since the old intimacy;
+    she had lived in another State; I am certain that she and the
+    psychic had never known or even heard of each other. She had died
+    within a few months."
+
+
+Mr. Savage then gives examples where the power in question was exclusively
+mental:--
+
+
+    "The first time I was ever in the presence of a particular
+    psychic, she went into a trance. She had never seen, and, so far
+    as I know, had never had any way of hearing of my father, who had
+    died some years previously. When I was a boy, he always called me
+    by a special name that was never used by any other member of the
+    family. In later years he hardly ever used it. But the entranced
+    psychic said: 'An old gentleman is here,' and she described
+    certain very marked peculiarities. Then she added: 'He says he is
+    your father, and he calls you ----,' using the old childhood name of
+    mine."
+
+
+Again, same page:--
+
+
+    "One case more, only, will I mention under this head. A most
+    intimate friend of my youth had recently died. She had lived in
+    another State, and the psychic did not know that such a person had
+    ever existed. We were sitting alone when this old friend announced
+    her presence. It was in this way: A letter of two pages was
+    automatically written, addressed to me. I thought to myself as I
+    read it,--I did not speak,--'Were it possible, I should feel sure
+    she had written this.' I then said, as though speaking to her,
+    'Will you not give me your name?' It was given, both maiden and
+    married name. I then began a conversation lasting over an hour,
+    which seemed as real as any I ever have with my friends. She told
+    me of her children, of her sisters. We talked over the events of
+    boyhood and girlhood. I asked her if she remembered a book we used
+    to read together, and she gave me the author's name. I asked again
+    if she remembered the particular poem we were both specially fond
+    of, and she named it at once. In the letter that was written, and
+    in much of the conversation, there were apparent hints of
+    identity, little touches and peculiarities that would mean much to
+    an acquaintance, but nothing to a stranger. I could not but be
+    much impressed. Now in this case, I know that the psychic never
+    knew of this person's existence, and of course not of our
+    acquaintance."
+
+
+Mr. Savage then mentions cases which he calls still more inexplicable,
+because the information conveyed was not known either to the psychic
+(which seems to be the new name for medium) or to himself. He says:--
+
+
+    "But one more case dare I take the space for, though the budget is
+    only opened. This one did not happen to me, but it is so hedged
+    about and checked off, that its evidential value in a scientific
+    way is absolutely perfect. The names of some of the parties
+    concerned _would be recognized in two hemispheres_. A lady and
+    gentleman visited a psychic. The gentleman was the lady's
+    brother-in-law. The lady had an aunt who was ill in a city two or
+    three hundred miles away. When the psychic had become entranced,
+    the lady asked her if she had any impression as to the condition
+    of her aunt. The reply was, 'No.' But before the sitting was over,
+    the psychic exclaimed, 'Why, your aunt is here! She has already
+    passed away.' 'This cannot be true,' said the lady; 'there must be
+    a mistake. If she had died, they would have telegraphed us
+    immediately.' 'But,' the psychic insisted, 'she is here. And she
+    explains that she died about two o'clock this morning. She also
+    says that a telegram has been sent, and you will find it at the
+    house on your return.'
+
+
+    "Here seemed a clear case for a test. So while the lady started
+    for her home, her brother-in-law called at the house of a friend
+    and told the story. While there the husband came in. Having been
+    away for some hours he had not heard of any telegram. But the
+    friend seated himself at his desk and wrote out a careful account,
+    which all three signed on the spot. When they reached home,--two or
+    three miles away,--there was the telegram confirming the fact and
+    the time of the aunt's death, precisely as the psychic had told
+    them.
+
+
+    "Here are most wonderful facts. How shall they be accounted for? I
+    have not trusted my memory for these things, but have made careful
+    record at the time. I know many other records of a similar kind
+    kept by others. They are kept private. Why? The late Rev. J. G.
+    Wood, of England, the world-famous naturalist, once said to me: 'I
+    am glad to talk of these things to any one who has a right to
+    know. But I used to call everybody a fool who had anything to do
+    with them; and with a smile--"I do not enjoy being called a
+    fool." '
+
+
+    "Psychic and other societies that advertise for strange phenomena,
+    must learn that at least a respectful treatment is to be accorded,
+    or people will not lay bare their secret souls. And then, in the
+    very nature of the case, these experiments concern matters of the
+    most personal nature. Many of the most striking cases people will
+    not make public. In some of those above related, I have had so to
+    veil facts, that they do not appear as remarkable as they really
+    are. The whole cannot be told."
+
+
+A quotation from this same writer ("Automatic Writing," page 14), says:--
+
+
+    "I am in possession of a respectable body of facts that I do not
+    know how to explain except on the theory that I am dealing with
+    some invisible intelligence. I hold that as the only tenable
+    theory I am acquainted with."
+
+
+In the same work (page 19), the author, Mrs. S. A. Underwood, as the
+result of her communications from spirits, says:--
+
+
+    "Detailed statements of facts unknown to either of us [that is,
+    herself and her 'control'], but which weeks afterward were learned
+    to be correct, have been written, and repeated again and again,
+    when disbelieved and contradicted by us."
+
+
+On this point, also, as on the preceding, testimony need not be
+multiplied. The facts are too well known and too generally admitted to
+warrant the devotion of further space to a presentation of the evidence.
+_The question must soon be met, What is the source of the power and
+intelligence thus manifested?_ But this may properly be held in abeyance
+till we take a glance at:
+
+
+
+
+The Progress of Spiritualism.
+
+
+during the fifty years of its modern history. It began in a way to excite
+the wonder and curiosity of the people, the very elements that would give
+wings to its progress through the land. Men suddenly found their thoughts
+careering through new channels. An unseen world seemed to make known its
+presence and invite investigation. As the phenomena claimed to be due to
+the direct agency of spirits, the movement naturally assumed the name of
+"Spiritualism." It was then hailed by multitudes as a new and living
+teacher, come to clear up uncertainties and to dispel doubts from the
+minds of men. At least an irrepressible curiosity was everywhere excited
+to know what the new "ism" would teach concerning that invisible world
+which it professed to have come to open to the knowledge of mankind.
+Everywhere men sought by what means they could come into communication
+with the spirit realm. Into whatever place the news entered, circles were
+formed, and the number of converts outstripped the pen of the enroller. It
+gathered adherents from every walk of life--from the higher classes as well
+as the lower; the educated, cultured, and refined, as well as the
+uncultivated and ignorant; from ministers, lawyers, physicians, judges,
+teachers, government officials, and all the professions. But the
+individuals thus interested, being of too diverse and independent views to
+agree upon any permanent basis for organization, the data for numerical
+statistics are difficult to procure. Various estimates, however, of their
+numbers have been formed. As long ago as 1876, computations of the number
+of Spiritualists in the United States ranged from 3,000,000 by Hepworth
+Dixon, to 10,000,000 by the Roman Catholic council at Baltimore. Only five
+years from the time the first convert to Modern Spiritualism appeared,
+Judge Edmonds, himself an enthusiastic convert, said of their numbers:--
+
+
+    "Besides the undistinguished multitudes, there are many now of
+    high standing and talent ranked among them,--doctors, lawyers, and
+    clergymen in great numbers, a Protestant bishop, the learned and
+    reverend president of a college, judges of our higher courts,
+    members of Congress, foreign ambassadors, and ex-members of the
+    United States Senate."
+
+
+Up to the present time, it is not probable that the number of
+Spiritualists has been much reduced by apostasies from the faith, if such
+it may be called; while the movement itself has been growing more
+prominent and becoming more widely known every year. The conclusion would
+therefore inevitably follow that its adherents must now be more numerous
+than ever before. A letter addressed by the writer to the publishers of
+the _Philosophical Journal_, Chicago, on this point, received the
+following reply, dated Dec. 24, 1895:--
+
+
+    "Being unorganized, largely, no reliable figures can be given.
+    Many thousands are in the churches, and are counted there. It is
+    _claimed_ that there are about five million in the United States,
+    and over fifty million in the world."
+
+
+The _Christian at Work_ of Aug. 17, 1876, under the head of "Witches and
+Fools," said:--
+
+
+    "But we do not know how many judges, bankers, merchants, prominent
+    men in nearly every occupation in life, there are, who make it a
+    constant practice to visit clairvoyants, sightseers, and so-called
+    Spiritual mediums; yet it can scarcely be doubted that their name
+    is legion; that not only the unreligious man, but professing
+    Christians, men and women, are in the habit of consulting spirits
+    from the vasty deep for information concerning both the dead and
+    the living. Many who pass for intelligent people, who would be
+    shocked to have their Christianity called in question, are
+    constantly engaged in this disreputable business."
+
+
+The following appeared some years ago, in the San Francisco _Chronicle_:--
+
+
+    "Until quite recently, science has coldly ignored the alleged
+    phenomena of Spiritualism, and treated Andrew Jackson Davis, Home,
+    and the Davenport brothers, as if they belonged to the common
+    fraternity of showmen and mountebanks. But now there has come a
+    most noteworthy change. We learn from such high authority as the
+    _Fortnightly Review_ that Alfred R. Wallace, F. R. S.; William
+    Crookes, F. R. S. and editor of the _Quarterly Journal of
+    Science_; W. H. Harrison, F. R. S. and president of the British
+    Ethnological Society, with others occupying a high position in the
+    scientific and literary world, have been seriously investigating
+    the phenomena of spiritism. The report which those learned
+    gentlemen make is simply astounding. There is no fairy tale, no
+    story of myth or miracle, that is more incredible than their
+    narrative. They tell us in grave and sober speech, that the spirit
+    of a girl who died a hundred years ago, appeared to them in
+    visible form. She talked with them, gave them locks of her hair,
+    pieces of her dress, and her autograph. They saw her in bodily
+    presence, felt her person, heard her voice; she entered the room
+    in which they were, and disappeared without the opening of a door.
+    The savants declare that they have had numerous interviews with
+    her under conditions forbidding the idea of trickery or imposture.
+
+
+    "Now that men eminent in the scientific world have taken up the
+    investigation, Spiritualism has entered upon a new phase. It can
+    no longer be treated with silent contempt. Mr. Wallace's articles
+    in the _Fortnightly_ have attracted general attention, and many of
+    the leading English reviews and newspapers are discussing the
+    matter. The New York _World_ devotes three columns of its space to
+    a summary of the last article in the _Fortnightly_, and declares
+    editorially that the 'phenomena' thus attested 'deserve the rigid
+    scientific examination which Mr. Wallace invites for them.' This
+    is treating the matter in the right way. Let all the well-attested
+    facts be collected, and then let us see what conclusions they
+    justify. If spirit communication is a fact, it is certainly a most
+    interesting one. In the language which the World attributes to
+    John Bright, 'If it is a fact, it is the one besides which every
+    other fact of human existence sinks into insignificance.' "
+
+
+One of the reasons why it would be quite impossible to state the number of
+real Spiritualists in our land to-day has already been hinted at in a
+foregoing extract. It is that "many thousands," and we think the number
+might in all probability be raised to millions, who are in reality
+Spiritualists, do not go by that name. They are in the various churches,
+and are counted there. Yet they believe the phenomena of Spiritualism,
+accept its teachings in their own minds, and quietly and constantly, as
+the _Christian at Work_ avers, consult clairvoyants and mediums, in quest
+of knowledge. The grosser features of the teachings of Spiritualism which
+were painfully prominent in its earlier stages, which there is no reason
+to believe are discountenanced or abandoned either in theory or practice,
+are relegated to an invisible background, while in its outward aspect it
+now poses in the attitude of piety and the garb of religion. It even
+professes to adopt some of the more prominent and popular doctrines of
+Christianity. In this phase the average churchgoer cannot see why he may
+not accept all that Spiritualism has to give, and still retain his
+denominational relationship. Besides this, the coming to light, every now
+and then, of the fact that some person of national or world-wide fame is a
+Spiritualist, adds popularity and gives a new impetus to the movement.
+Such instances may be named as the founder of the Leland Stanford
+University, of California; the widow of ex-Vice-President Hendricks, of
+Indiana, who, it is said, is carrying on some very successful financial
+transactions by direction from the spirit world; and Mr. W. T. Stead,
+London editor of the _Review of Reviews_, who, in 1893 started a new
+quarterly, called _The Border Land_, to be devoted to the advocacy of the
+philosophy of Spiritualism, which he had then but recently espoused. In
+other countries it has invaded the ranks of the nobility, and even seated
+itself on the thrones of monarchs. The late royal houses of France, Spain,
+and Russia are said, by current rumor, to have sought the spirits for
+knowledge. No cause could covet more rapid and wide-spread success than
+this has enjoyed.
+
+
+
+
+
+                               Chapter Two.
+
+
+WHAT IS THE AGENCY IN QUESTION?
+
+
+Having now shown that there are connected with Spiritualism supermundane
+phenomena that cannot be denied, and equally evident superhuman
+intelligence, sufficient to give to the movement unprecedented recognition
+in all the world, the way is open for the most important question that can
+be raised concerning it, and one which now demands an answer; and that is,
+What is the agency by which these phenomena are produced, and by which
+this intelligence is manifested? This question must be examined with the
+utmost care, and, if possible, a decision be reached of the most assuring
+certainty; for, as Mr. M. J. Savage says, "Spiritualism is either a grand
+truth or a most lamentable delusion."
+
+It is proper that the claim which Spiritualism puts forth for itself, in
+this regard, should first be heard. This is so well known that it scarcely
+need be stated. It is that there is in every human being a soul, or
+spirit, which constitutes the real person; that this soul, or spirit, is
+immortal; that it manifests itself through a tangible body during this
+earth life, and when that body dies, passes unscathed into the unseen
+world, into an enlarged sphere of life, activity, and intelligence; that
+in this sphere it can still take cognizance of earthly things, and
+communicate with those still in the flesh, respecting scenes which it has
+left, and those more interesting conditions still veiled from mortal
+sight; that it is by these disembodied, or "discarnated" spirits that raps
+are given, objects moved, intelligence manifested, secrets revealed,
+slates written, voices uttered, faces shown, and epistles addressed to
+mortals, as friend would write to friend. If this be true, it opens what
+would indeed be considered a grand avenue of consolation to bereaved
+hearts, by giving them evidence that their departed friends still lived;
+that they recognized, loved, and accompanied them, and delighted still to
+counsel and instruct them. If not true, it is a masterpiece of superhuman
+craft and cunning; for it takes Christendom on the side where it is least
+guarded; as the view is everywhere held that the dead are conscious, and
+the only question would be as to their power to communicate with persons
+still living in the body; and it throws its arms around the individual
+when the heart is the most tender, when plunged into a condition in which
+every pang of bereaved sorrow, every tie of affection, and every throb of
+love, press him to crave with all his being that communication with the
+dead may be proved a fact, and to constrain him to accept the doctrine,
+unless kept from it by some power stronger than the cords that bind heart
+to heart in deathless love. If it be a deception, it occupies a vantage
+ground before which men may well tremble.
+
+But, as has been already stated, the question is here to be discussed from
+the standpoint of the Bible; the Bible is to be taken as the standard of
+authority by which all conflicting claims respecting the nature of man,
+must be decided. The authenticity of the Scriptures, in reference to those
+who deny their authority, is an antecedent question, into the discussion
+of which it is not the province of this little work to enter. A word,
+however, by way of digression, may be allowed in reference to its
+authorship.
+
+
+
+
+Credentials of the Bible.
+
+
+1. The Bible claims to be the word of God. Those who wrote it assert that
+they wrote as they "were moved by the Holy Ghost;" and they append to what
+they utter, a "Thus saith the Lord."
+
+2. If it is not what it claims to be, it is an _imposture_ invented by
+_deceivers_ and _liars_.
+
+3. _Good_ men would not deceive and lie; therefore they were not the ones
+who invented the Bible.
+
+4. If, therefore, it was invented by men at all, it must have been
+invented by _bad_ men.
+
+5. All liars and religious impostors are bad men; but--
+
+6. The Bible repeatedly and most explicitly forbids lying and imposture,
+under the threatening of most condign punishment.
+
+7. Would, therefore, liars and impostors invent a book which more than any
+other book ever written, denounces lying and imposture, thus condemning
+themselves to the severest judgments of God, and at last to eternal death?
+
+8. If, then, the Bible is not the invention of good men,--because such men
+would not lie and deceive; nor of evil men,--because such men would not
+condemn themselves; nor of good or evil angels, for the same reasons, who
+else can be its author, but he who claims to be, that is, the living God?
+
+9. If, therefore, from the very nature of the case, it must be God's book,
+why not believe it, and obey it?
+
+To return: Appeal is therefore made to the Bible; and the object is to
+learn what the Bible teaches about Spiritualism. When the claim is put
+forth that it is the disembodied spirits of dead men who make the
+communications, the Bible reader is at once aware of a conflict of claims.
+In times when the Bible was written, there were practices among men which
+went under the names of "enchantment," "sorcery," "witchcraft,"
+"necromancy," "divination," "consulting with familiar spirits," etc. These
+practices were all more or less related, but some of them bear an
+unmistakable meaning. Thus, "necromancy" is defined to mean "a pretended
+communication with the dead." A "familiar spirit" was "a spirit or demon
+supposed to attend on an individual, or to come at his call; the invisible
+agent of a necromancer's will."--_Century Dictionary._ Spiritualists do not
+deny that their intercourse with the invisible world comes under some, at
+least, of these heads. But all such practices the Bible explicitly
+forbids.
+
+Deut. 18:9-12: "There shall not be found among you any one that maketh his
+son or his daughter to pass through the fire, or that useth divination, or
+an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch, or a charmer, or a
+consulter with _familiar spirits_, or a wizard, or a _necromancer_. For
+all that do these things are an abomination unto the Lord." Lev. 19:31:
+"Regard not them that have familiar spirits, neither seek after wizards,
+to be defiled by them: I am the Lord your God." See also, 2 Kings 21:2, 6,
+9, 11; Rev. 21:8; Gal. 5:19-21; Acts 16:16-18; etc. Thus plainly in both
+the Old and New Testaments, are these practices forbidden.
+
+
+
+
+An Impossibility.
+
+
+But why does the Bible forbid such practices as necromancy, or a
+"pretended" communication with the dead?--Because it would be only a
+pretense at best; for such communication is impossible. The dead are
+unconscious in their graves, and have no power to communicate with the
+living. Let this truth be once established, and it is the death-blow to
+the claims of Spiritualism, in the cases of all who will receive it.
+Allusion has already been made to a popular and wide-spread dogma in the
+Christian church which furnishes a basis for Spiritualism. It is that the
+soul is immortal, and that the dead are conscious. Spirits make known
+their presence, and claim to be the spirits of persons who have once lived
+here in human bodies. Now if the Bible teaches that there is no such thing
+as a disembodied human spirit, a knowledge of that fact would enable one
+to detect at once the imposture of any intelligence which from behind the
+curtain should claim to be such spirit. Any spirit seeking the attention
+of men in this life, and claiming to be what the Bible says does not
+exist, comes with a falsehood on its lips or in its raps, if the Bible is
+true, and thus reveals its real character to be that of a deceiver. In
+this case the Bible believer is armed against the imposture. No man likes
+to be fooled. No matter therefore how nice the communicating intelligence
+may seem, how many true things it may say, or how many good things it may
+promise, the conviction cannot be evaded that no real good can be intended
+or conferred by any spirit, or whatever it may be, masquerading under the
+garb of falsehood, or pretending to be what it is not. On such a
+foundation no stable superstructure can be reared. It becomes a
+death-trap, sure to collapse and involve in ruin all those who trust
+therein.
+
+It is very desirable that the reader comprehend the full importance of the
+doctrine, as related to this subject, that the dead are unconscious and
+that they have no power to communicate with the living. This being
+established, it sweeps away at one stroke the entire foundation of
+Spiritualism. Evidence will now be presented to show that this is a Bible
+doctrine; and wherever this is received, the fabric of Spiritualism from
+base to finial falls; it cannot possibly stand. But where the doctrine
+prevails that only the thin veil that limits our mortal vision, separates
+us from a world full of the conscious, intelligent spirits of those who
+have departed this life, Spiritualism has the field, beyond the
+possibility of dislodgment. When one believes that he has disembodied
+spirit friends all about him, how can he question that they are able to
+communicate with him? and when some unseen intelligence makes its presence
+known, and claims to be one of those friends, and refers to facts or
+scenes, known only to them two, how can the living dispute the claim? How
+can he refuse to accept a claim, which, on his own hypothesis, there is no
+conceivable reason to deny? But if the spirits are not what they claim to
+be, how shall the inexplicable phenomena attending their manifestations be
+explained?--The Bible brings to view other agencies, not the so-called
+spirits of the departed, to whose working all that has ever been
+manifested which to mortal vision is mysterious and inexplicable, may be
+justly attributed.
+
+
+
+
+The Soul Not Immortal.
+
+
+Spiritualism declares it to be the great object of its mission, to prove
+the immortality of the soul, which, it says, is not taught in the
+Scriptures with sufficient clearness, and is not otherwise demonstrated.
+It well attributes to the Scriptures a lack of plain teaching in support
+of that dogma; and it would have stated more truth, if it had said that
+the Scriptures nowhere countenance such a doctrine at all. But, it is
+said, the Scriptures are full of the terms, "soul" and "spirit." Very
+true; but they nowhere use those terms to designate such a part of man as
+in common parlance, and in popular theology, they have come to mean. The
+fact is, the popular concept of the "soul" and "spirit" has been
+formulated entirely outside the Bible. Sedulously, unremittingly, for six
+thousand years, the idea has been inculcated in the minds of men, from the
+cradle to the grave, that man is a dual being, consisting of an outward
+body which dies, and an inward being called "soul," or "spirit," which
+does not die, but passes to higher spirit life, when the body goes into
+the grave. The father of this doctrine is rarely referred to by its
+believers, as authority, possibly through a little feeling of
+embarrassment as to its parentage; for he it was who announced it to our
+first parents in these words: "Ye shall not surely die!" Gen. 3:4. When
+men began to die, it was a shrewd stroke of policy on the part of him who
+had promised them that they should not die, to try to prove to those who
+remained that the others had not really died, but only changed conditions.
+It is no marvel that he should try to make men believe that they possessed
+an immaterial, immortal entity that could not die; but, in view of the
+ghastly experiences of the passing years, it is the marvel of marvels that
+he should have succeeded so well. The trouble now is that men take these
+meanings which have been devised and fostered into stupendous strength
+outside the pale of Bible teaching, and attach them to the Bible terms of
+"soul" and "spirit." In other words, the mongrel pago-papal theology which
+has grown up in Christendom, lets the Bible furnish the terms, and
+paganism the definitions. But from the Bible standpoint, these definitions
+do not belong there; they are foreign to the truth, and the Bible does not
+recognize them. They are as much out of place as was the inventor of them
+himself in the garden of Eden. Let the Bible furnish its own definitions
+to its own terms, and all will be clear. The opinion of John Milton, the
+celebrated author of Paradise Lost, is worthy of note. In his "Treatise on
+Christian Doctrine," Vol. I, pp. 250, 251, he says:--
+
+
+    "Man is a living being, intrinsically and properly one individual,
+    not compound and separable, not, according to the common opinion,
+    made up and framed of two distinct and different natures, as of
+    body and soul, but the whole man is soul, and the soul, man; that
+    is to say, a body or substance, individual, animated, sensitive,
+    and rational."
+
+
+In this sense the word is employed many times; but whoever will trace the
+use of the words "soul" and "spirit" through the Bible, will find them
+applied also to a great variety of objects; as, person, mind, heart, body
+(in the expression "a dead body"), will, lust, appetite, breath, creature,
+pleasure, desire, anger, courage, blast, etc., etc., in all nearly fifty
+different ways. But it is a fact which should be especially noted, that in
+not a single instance is there the least hint given that anything
+expressed by these terms is capable of existing for a single moment, as a
+conscious entity, or in any other condition, _without the body_! This
+being so, none of these, according to the Bible, are the agency claimed to
+be present in Spiritualism.
+
+Another fact in reference to this point, should be allowed its decisive
+bearing. The question now under investigation is, Is the soul immortal, as
+Spiritualism has taken upon itself to teach, and claims to demonstrate?
+The Bible is found to be so lavish in the use of the terms "soul" and
+"spirit," that these words occur in the aggregate, _seventeen hundred
+times_. Seventeen hundred times, by way of description, analysis,
+narrative, historical facts, or declarations of what they can do, or
+suffer, the Bible has something to say about "soul" and "spirit." The most
+important question to be settled concerning them, certainly, is whether
+they are immortal or not. Will not the Bible, so freely treating of these
+terms, answer this question? Very strange, indeed, if it does not. But
+does it once affirm that either the soul or the spirit is immortal?--_Not
+once!_ Does it ever apply to them the terms "eternal," "deathless,"
+"neverdying," or any word that bears the necessary meaning of
+immortal?--Not in a single instance. Does it apply to them any term from
+which even an inference, necessary or remote, can be drawn that they are
+immortal? Even reduced to this attenuated form, the answer is still an
+emphatic and overwhelming, _No!_ Well, then, does it say _anything_ about
+the nature and capabilities of existence of that which it denominates soul
+or spirit?--Yes; it says the soul is in danger of the grave, may die, be
+destroyed, killed, and that the spirit may be wounded, cut off, preserved,
+and so, conversely, made to perish.
+
+It is sometimes claimed that it is not necessary that the Bible should
+affirm the immortality of the soul, because it is so self-evident a fact
+that it is taken for granted. But no one surely can suppose that the
+immortality of the soul is more self-evident than that of Jehovah; yet the
+Bible has seen fit to affirm his immortality in most direct terms. 1 Tim.
+1:17: "Now unto the King eternal, _immortal_, invisible, the only wise
+God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen." 1 Tim. 6:16: "Who only
+hath _immortality_, dwelling in the light which no man can approach unto;
+whom no man hath seen, nor can see: to whom be honor and power
+everlasting. Amen." Let, then, similar Bible testimony be found concerning
+the soul; that is, that it is "immortal," or "hath immortality," and the
+taken-for-granted device will not be needed.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Three.
+
+
+THE DEAD UNCONSCIOUS.
+
+
+From the fact now established that the soul is not immortal, it would
+follow as an inevitable conclusion, that the dead are not conscious in the
+intermediate state, and consequently cannot act the part attributed to
+them in modern Spiritualism. But there are some positive statements to
+which the reader's attention should be called, and some instances supposed
+to prove the conscious state which should be noticed.
+
+1. _The Dead Know not Anything._--As a sample of the way the Bible speaks
+upon this question, let the reader turn to the words of Solomon, in Eccl.
+9:5, 6, 10: "For the living know that they shall die: but the dead know
+not anything, neither have they any more a reward; for the memory of them
+is forgotten. Also their love, and their hatred, and their envy, is now
+perished; neither have they any more a portion for ever in anything that
+is done under the sun.... Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with
+thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in
+the grave, whither thou goest."
+
+This language is addressed to the real, living, intelligent, responsible
+man; and how could it be plainer? On the hypothesis of the commonly
+believed distinction between the soul and the body, this must be addressed
+to the soul; for the body considered as the mere material instrument
+through which the soul acts, is not supposed of itself to know anything.
+The body, as a body, independent of the soul, does not know that it shall
+die; but it is that which knows, while one is alive, that it shall die--it
+is that same intelligent being that, when dead, knows not anything. But
+the spirits in Spiritualism do know many things in their condition;
+therefore they are not those who have once lived on this earth, and passed
+off through death; for such, once dead, this scripture affirms, know not
+anything--they are in a condition in which there is "no work, nor device,
+nor knowledge, nor wisdom." This is a plain, straightforward, literal
+statement; there is no mistaking its meaning; and if it is true, then it
+is not true that the unseen agents working through Spiritualism, are the
+spirits of the dead.
+
+2. _The Spirit Returns to God._--Another passage from the same writer and
+the same book, may recur to the mind of the reader, as expressing a
+different and contradictory thought. Eccl. 12:7. "Then shall the dust
+return to the earth as it was: and the spirit shall return unto God who
+gave it." A careful analysis of this passage reveals no support for
+Spiritualism; for it does not say that the spirit, on returning to God, is
+conscious, or is capable of coming back and communicating with mortals. It
+is not denied that different component parts enter into the constitution
+of man; and that these parts may be separated. Solomon himself may
+therefore tell us what he means by the term "spirit" which he here uses.
+He employs the same word in chapter. 3:21 of this same book, but says that
+beasts have it as well as men. And then in verse 19, he explains what he
+means, by saying that they (man and the lower animals) _all_ have one
+_breath_. The record of man's creation in Gen. 2:7, shows that a
+vitalizing principle, called the "breath of life," was necessary to be
+imparted to the organized body, before man became a living being; and this
+breath of life, as common to man and to all breathing animals, is
+described in Gen. 7:21, 22, by the term {~HEBREW LETTER RESH~}{~HEBREW LETTER VAV~}{~HEBREW LETTER HET~} (_ruahh_), the same word that
+is used for "breath," in Eccl. 3:19, "spirit," in verse 21, and "the
+spirit," which God gave to man, and which returns to God, in chapter 12:7.
+Thus it is clear that reference is here made simply to the "breath of
+life" which God at first imparted to man, to make him a living being, and
+which he withdraws to himself, in the hour of man's death. Job states the
+same fact, and describes the process, in chapter 34:14, 15: "If he [God]
+set his heart upon man, if he gather _unto himself_ his [man's] spirit
+[same word] and his breath; ... man shall turn again unto dust." No one
+can fail to see here that Job refers to the same event of which Solomon
+speaks.
+
+And at this point the question may as well be raised, and answered, Whence
+comes this spirit which is claimed to be the real man, capable of an
+independent and superior existence without the body? Bodies come into
+existence by natural generation; but whence comes the spirit? Is it a part
+of the body? If so, it cannot be immortal; for "that which is born of the
+flesh is flesh." John 3:6. Is it supplied to human beings at birth? If so,
+is there a great storehouse, somewhere, of souls and spirits, ready-made,
+from which the supply is drawn as fast as wanted in this world? And if so,
+further, is it to be concluded that all spirits have had a pre-existence?
+and then what was their condition in that state? And again, how does it
+happen, on this supposition, that this spirit in each individual exhibits
+so largely the mental and moral traits of the earthly parents? These
+hypotheses not being very satisfactory, will it be claimed that God
+creates these spirits as fast as children are born to need them? and if
+so, who brings them down just in the nick of time? and by what process are
+they incarnated? But if God has, by special act, created a soul or spirit
+for every member of the human family since Adam, is it not a contradiction
+of Gen. 2:2, which declares that _all_ God's work of creation, so far as
+it pertains to this world, was _completed_ by the close of the first week
+of time? Again, how many of the inhabitants of this earth are the
+offspring of abandoned criminality; and can it be supposed that God holds
+himself in readiness to create souls which must come from his hands pure
+as the dew of heaven, to be thrust into such vile tenements, and doomed to
+a life of wretchedness and woe at the bidding of defiant lust? The
+irreverence of the question will be pardoned as an exposure of the
+absurdity of that theory which necessitates it.
+
+3. _The Spirits of Just Men Made Perfect._--This expression is found in
+Heb. 12:23, and seems, by some, to recognize the idea that spirits can
+exist without the body, and are to be treated as separate entities. Thus
+interpreted it might appear to give some support to Spiritualism. But it
+will by no means bear such an interpretation. The apostle is contrasting
+the privileges of Christians in the present dispensation, with the
+situation of believers before the coming of Christ. What he sets forth are
+blessings to be enjoyed in the present tense. Yes, says one, that is just
+what I believe: We are come to spirits; they are all about us, and tip and
+talk and write for us at our pleasure. But hold! nothing is affirmed of
+spirits separately. The whole idea must be taken in. It is the "spirits of
+_just men_ made perfect;" and the participle "made perfect" agrees with
+"just men," or literally "the just made perfect" ({~GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA WITH OXIA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~} {~GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMDA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER MU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~}),
+not with "spirits." It is the _men_ who are made perfect to whom we are
+said to have come. But there are only two localities and two periods, in
+which men are anywhere in the Scriptures said to be made perfect. One is
+in this life and on this earth, and refers to religious experience ("Be ye
+therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect");
+the other is not relative, but actual and absolute, and refers to the
+future immortal state when all the people of God will enter upon eternal
+life together ("God having provided some better thing for us, that they
+[the ancient worthies] without us should not be _made perfect_." Heb.
+11:40). Thus, taken in either of the only two ways possible, the text
+furnishes no proof of Spiritualism. It doubtless refers to the present
+state, the expression, "spirits of just men," being simply a periphrasis
+for "just men," the same as the expression, "the God of the spirits of all
+flesh" (Num. 16:22), means simply "the God of all flesh," and the words
+"your whole spirit, and soul, and body" (1 Thess. 5:23), means simply the
+whole person.
+
+4. _Spirits in Prison._--The apostle Peter uses an expression, which,
+though perhaps not often quoted in direct defense of Spiritualism, is
+relied upon extensively in behalf of the doctrine of the conscious state
+of the dead, which, as already shown, is the essential basis of
+Spiritualism. And such texts as these are here noticed to show to the
+general reader, that the Bible contains no testimony in behalf of that
+doctrine, but positively forbids it, as further quotations will soon be
+introduced to show. The passage now in question is 1 Peter 3:19, where,
+speaking of Christ, it says: "By which also he went and preached unto the
+spirits in prison." By the use of strong assumption, and some lofty
+flights of the imagination, and keeping in the background the real intent
+of the passage, a picture of rather a lively time in the spirit world, can
+be constructed out of this testimony. Thus the spirits are said to be the
+disembodied spirits of those who were destroyed by the flood. See context.
+They were in "prison," that is, in hell. When Christ was put to death upon
+the cross, he immediately went by his disembodied spirit, down into hell
+and preached to those conscious intelligent spirits who were there, and
+continued that work till the third day when he was himself raised from the
+dead. A thought will show that this picture is wrong, (1) in the time, (2)
+in the condition of the people, (3) in the acting agent, and (4) in the
+end to be attained. Thus, when Christ had been put to death, he was
+"quickened" (or made alive), says the record, "by the Spirit." This was
+certainly not a personal disembodied spirit, but that divine agency so
+often referred to in the Scriptures. "By which," that is, this Spirit of
+God, he went and preached. Then he did not go personally on this work. The
+"spirits" were the antediluvians; for they were those who were disobedient
+in the days of Noah. Now when were they preached to? Verse 20 plainly
+tells us it was "_when_ once the longsuffering of God waited _in the days
+of Noah_." In accordance with these statements now let another picture be
+presented: Christ, by his Spirit which was in Noah (1 Peter 1:11), and
+thus through Noah, preached to the spirits, or persons, in Noah's time,
+who were disobedient, in order to save all from the coming flood who would
+believe. They were said to be "in prison," though still living, because
+they were shut up under condemnation, and had only one hundred and twenty
+years granted them in which to repent or perish. Thus Christ was
+commissioned to preach to men said to be in prison, because in darkness,
+error, and condemnation, though they were still living in the flesh. Isa.
+61:1. Dr. Adam Clarke, the eminent Methodist commentator (_in loco_),
+places the going and preaching of Christ in the days of Noah, and by the
+ministry of Noah for one hundred and twenty years, and not during the time
+while he lay in the grave. Then he says:--
+
+
+    "The word {~GREEK SMALL LETTER PI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON WITH PERISPOMENI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER MU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA~} (spirits) is supposed to render this view of
+    the subject improbable, because this must mean _disembodied_
+    spirits; but this certainly does not follow; for the _spirits of
+    just men made perfect_ (Heb. 12:23), certainly means righteous
+    men, and men _still in the church militant_: and the Father of
+    spirits (Heb. 12:9) means men still in the body; and the God of
+    the spirits of all flesh (Num. 16:22 and 27:16), means _men, not_
+    in a disembodied state."(1)
+
+
+5. _Cannot Kill the Soul._--"Fear not them which kill the body, but are not
+able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy both
+soul and body in hell." Matt. 10:28. We know what it is to kill the body;
+and by association of ideas, it seems quite natural to form a like
+conception of the soul as something that can be treated in the same way.
+Then if the soul cannot be killed like the body, the conclusion seems easy
+of adoption that it lives right on, with all sensations preserved, as it
+was with the body before its death. If it were not for the pagan
+definition of "soul," which here comes in to change the current of
+thought, such conclusions drawn from this text would not be so prevalent;
+and a little attention to the scope of Christ's teaching here will readily
+correct the misapprehension. This is brought out clearly in verse 39: "He
+that findeth his _life_ shall lose it: and he that loseth his _life_ for
+my sake shall find it." This is easily understood. No one will question
+what it is to lose his life; and Christ says that he who will do this for
+his sake, shall find it. Any one who has been put to death for his faith
+in the gospel has "lost his life" (had the body killed) for Christ's sake.
+But Christ says, Do not fear them, even if they do this. Why?--Because ye
+shall find it--the life you lost. When shall we find it?--In the
+resurrection. John 6:40; Rev. 20:4-6. The expression, "shall find it,"
+thus becomes the exact equivalent of the words, "are not able to kill the
+soul;" that is, are not able to destroy, or prevent us from gaining that
+life he has promised, if we suffer men, for his sake, to "kill the body,"
+or deprive us of our present life. The correctness of this view is
+demonstrated by the word employed in these instances. That word is {~GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH OXIA~}
+(_psuche_). It is properly rendered "life" in verse 39, and improperly
+rendered "soul" in verse 28. This lesson, that men should be willing to
+lose their life for Christ's sake, was considered so important that it is
+again mentioned in Matthew, and reiterated with emphasis by Mark, Luke,
+and John; and they all use this same word {~GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA WITH OXIA~}, which is rendered "life."
+In one instance only in all these parallel passages have the translators
+rendered it "soul;" and that is Matt. 10:28, where it is the source of all
+the misunderstanding on that text.
+
+6. _Souls Under the Altar._--As a part of the events of the fifth seal as
+described in Rev. 6:9-11, John says he saw the souls of the martyrs under
+the altar, and heard them crying for vengeance. If they could do that, it
+is asked, cannot disembodied souls now communicate with the living? Not to
+enter into a full exposition of this scripture, and the inconsistencies
+such a view would involve, it is sufficient to ask if these were like the
+communicating spirits of the present day. How many communications have
+ever been received by modern Spiritualists from souls confined under an
+altar? In glowing symbolism, John saw the dead martyrs, as if slain at the
+foot of the altar; and by the figure of personification a voice was given
+to them, just as Abel's blood cried to God for vengeance upon his guilty
+brother (Gen. 4:10), and just as the stone is said to cry out of the wall,
+and the beam out of the timber to answer it. Hab. 2:11.
+
+7. _The Medium of Endor._--Aside from the direct teaching of the
+Scriptures, it is still held by some that there are scenes narrated in the
+Bible which show that the dead must be conscious. The first of these is
+the case of Saul and the woman of Endor, whom he consulted in order to
+communicate with the prophet Samuel, as narrated in 1 Samuel 28. Here, it
+must be confessed, is brought to view an actual case of spirit
+manifestation, a specimen of ancient necromancy; for the conditions,
+method of procedure, and results, were just such as pertain to the same
+work in our own day. But then, as now, there was no truth nor good in it,
+as a brief review of the narrative will show. (1) Samuel was dead. (2)
+Saul was sore pressed by the Philistines. Verse 5. (3) God had departed
+from him. Verse 4. (4) He had cut off those who had familiar spirits and
+wizards, out of the land, because God had forbidden their presence in the
+Jewish theocracy, as an abomination. Verse 3; Lev. 19:31. (5) Yet in his
+extremity he had recourse to a woman with a familiar spirit, found at
+Endor. Verse 7. (6) She asked whom she should bring up, and Saul answered,
+Samuel. Verse 11. (7) Saul was disguised, but the familiar spirit told the
+woman it was Saul, and she cried out in alarm. Verse 12. (8) Saul
+reassured her, and the woman went on with the seance. Verse 10. (9) She
+announced a presence coming (not from heaven, nor the spheres, but) up out
+of the earth, and at Saul's request gave a description of him, showing
+that Saul did not himself see the form. Verse 13. (10) Saul "perceived"
+that it was Samuel (not by actual sight, but from the woman's description;
+for the Hebrew {~HEBREW LETTER YOD~}{~HEBREW LETTER RESH~}{~HEBREW LETTER AYIN~} and the Septuagint, {~GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA WITH OXIA~}, signify to know, or
+perceive, by an operation of the mind.) Verse 14. (11) The woman supposed
+it was Samuel; Saul supposed it was Samuel; and that personation is, then,
+by the law of appearance, spoken of, in whatever it said or did, as
+Samuel; as, "Samuel said to Saul," etc. Verse 15. (12) Was Samuel really
+there as an immortal soul, a disembodied spirit, or as one raised from the
+dead?--No; because (_a_) immortal souls do not come up out of the ground,
+wrapped in mantles, and complain of being disquieted and brought up; (_b_)
+Samuel was a holy prophet, and if he was conscious in the spirit world, he
+would not present himself at the summons of a woman who was practicing
+arts which God had forbidden; (_c_) God having departed from Saul, and
+having refused to communicate with him on account of his sins, would not
+now suffer his servant Samuel to grant him the desired communication
+through a channel which he had pronounced an abomination; (_d_) Samuel was
+not present by a resurrection, for the Devil could not raise him, and God
+certainly would not, for such a purpose; besides Samuel was buried at
+Ramah, and could not be raised at Endor; (_e_) It was only the woman's
+familiar spirit, personating Samuel as he used to appear when alive--an
+aged man clothed with a mantle. His object was to make both the woman and
+Saul believe it was Samuel, when it was not, just as communicating spirits
+to-day try to palm themselves off for what they are not. As a specimen of
+ancient Spiritualism, this case is no particular honor to their cause; and
+as a proof of the immortality of the soul, and the conscious state of the
+dead, it is a minus quantity.
+
+8. _The Transfiguration._--Jesus took three of his disciples, Peter, James,
+and John, apart into a high mountain, and was transfigured before them;
+his face became as the sun, and his raiment was white as the light, just
+as it will be in the future kingdom of glory, which this scene was
+designed to represent. And there then appeared Moses and Elias talking
+with Christ. But Moses had died in the land of Moab nearly fifteen hundred
+years before, and it is at once concluded that the only way to account for
+his appearance on this occasion, is to suppose that he was still alive in
+the spirit world, and could appear in a disembodied state, and talk with
+Jesus as here represented. But such a conclusion is by no means necessary.
+Jesus was there in person, Elias was there in person; for he had not died,
+but had been translated bodily from this earth. Now it would be altogether
+incongruous to suppose that the third member of this glorious trio,
+apparently just as real as the others, was only a disembodied spirit; an
+immaterial phantom. Unless the whole scene was merely a vision brought
+before the minds of the disciples, Moses was as really there, in his own
+proper person, as Jesus and Elias. But there is no way in which he could
+thus be present, except by means of a resurrection from the dead; and that
+he had been raised, and was there as a representative of the resurrection,
+is proved, first by his actual presence on this occasion, and secondly, by
+the fact that Michael (Christ, who is "the resurrection and the life,"
+John 11:25) disputed with the Devil (who has the power of death, Heb.
+2:14) about the body of Moses. Jude 9. There could be no other possible
+ground of controversy about the body of Moses except whether or not Christ
+should give it life before the general resurrection. But Christ rebuked
+the Devil. Christ was not thwarted in this contest, but gave his servant
+life; and thus Moses could appear personally upon the mount. This makes
+the scene complete as a representation of the kingdom of God, as Peter
+says it was (2 Peter 1:16-18); namely, Christ the glorified King, Elias
+representing those who will be translated without seeing death, and Moses
+representing those who will be raised from the dead. These two classes
+embrace all the happy subjects of that kingdom. This view of the matter is
+not peculiar to this book. Dr. Adam Clarke, on Matt. 17:3, says: "The body
+of Moses was probably raised again, as a pledge of the resurrection."(2)
+And Olshausen says: "For if we assume the reality of the _resurrection of
+the body_, and its glorification,--truths which assuredly belong to the
+system of Christian doctrine,--the whole occurrence presents no essential
+difficulties. The appearance of Moses and Elias, which is usually held to
+be the most unintelligible point in it, is as easily conceived of as
+possible, if we admit their bodily glorification."
+
+Those passages which speak of Christ as the "first-fruits," the
+"first-born from the dead," the "first-born among many brethren," "of
+every creature," etc., refer only to the chief and pivotal importance of
+his own resurrection, as related to all others; and Acts 26:23 does not
+declare that Christ should be the first one to be raised from the dead,
+but that he first, by a resurrection from the dead, should show light to
+the Gentiles. (See the Greek of this passage.) These scriptures therefore
+prove no objection to the idea that Moses had been raised from the dead,
+and as a victor over the grave, appeared with Christ upon the mount. Thus
+another supposed stronghold affords no refuge for the conscious-state
+theory, or for Spiritualism.
+
+9. _The Rich Man and Lazarus._--With the features of this parable, as found
+in Luke 16, which is supposed to prove the dead conscious, and
+Spiritualism possible, the reader is doubtless familiar. It should ever be
+borne in mind that this is a parable; and in a parable, neither the
+parties nor the scenes are to be taken literally, and hence no doctrines
+can be built upon such symbolic representations. But not only is it a
+parable, but it is a parable based upon traditions largely entertained by
+the Jews themselves in the time of Christ. Thus T. J. Hudson ("Law of
+Psychic Phenomena," p. 385) says:--
+
+
+    "It is a historical fact, nevertheless, that before the advent of
+    Jesus, the Jews had become imbued with the Greek doctrine of
+    Hades, which was an intermediate waiting station between this life
+    and the judgment. In this were situated both Paradise and Gehenna,
+    the one on the right, and the other on the left, and into these
+    two compartments the spirits of the dead were separated, according
+    to their deserts. Jesus found this doctrine already in existence,
+    and in enforcing his moral precepts in his parables, he employed
+    the symbols which the people understood, neither denying nor
+    affirming their literal verity."
+
+
+Thus Christ appealed to the people on their own ground. He took the views
+and traditions which he found already among them, and arranged them into a
+parable in such a way as to rebuke their covetousness, correct their
+notions that prosperity and riches in this life are tokens of the favor
+and approbation of God, and condemn their departure from the teachings of
+Moses and the prophets. As a parable, it is not designed to show the state
+of the dead, and the conditions that prevail in the spirit world. But if
+any persist that it is not a parable, but a presentation of actual fact,
+then the scene is laid, not in the intermediate state, but beyond the
+resurrection; for it is after the angels had carried Lazarus into
+Abraham's bosom. But the angels do not bear any one anywhere away from
+this earth, till the second coming of Christ and the resurrection of the
+dead. Matt. 24:30, 31; 1 Thess. 4:15-17. Finding no support in this
+portion of scripture for the conscious-state theory, with its
+spiritualistic possibilities, appeal is next made by the friends of that
+theory to the case of--
+
+10. _The Thief on the Cross._--Luke 23:39-43. When one of the malefactors
+who were crucified with Jesus, requested to be remembered when he should
+come into his kingdom, according to the record in the common version, the
+Lord replied, "To-day shalt thou be with me in paradise." To go from death
+into paradise the same day, means to go into the spirit world without a
+body, or discarnated, as Spiritualists claim. And so it would be if such
+was Christ's promise to the thief; but it was not.
+
+The little adverb "to-day" holds the balance of power as to the meaning of
+this text. If it qualifies Christ's words, "Verily I say unto thee," it
+gives one idea; if it qualifies the words, "Thou shalt be with me in
+paradise," we have another and very different idea. And how shall the
+question of its relationship be decided?--It can be done only by the
+punctuation.
+
+Here another difficulty confronts us; for the Greek was originally written
+in a solid line of letters, without any punctuation, or even division into
+words. Such being the case, the punctuation, and the relation of the
+qualifying word "to-day," must be determined by the context. Now it is a
+fact that Christ did not go to paradise that day. He died, and was placed
+in the tomb, and the third day rose from the dead. Mary was the first to
+meet him, and sought to worship him. But he said, "Touch me not, for I am
+not yet ascended to my Father." John 20:17. Paradise is where the Father
+is (see 2 Cor. 12:2-4; Rev. 2:7; 22:1, 2), and if Christ had not been to
+his Father when Mary met him the third day after his crucifixion, he had
+not then been to paradise; therefore it is not possible that he made a
+promise to the thief on the day of his crucifixion, that he should be with
+him _that_ day in paradise.
+
+But further, the day of the crucifixion was the day before the Sabbath;
+and it was not lawful to leave criminals on the cross during that day.
+John 19:31. If they were still living when the time came to take them from
+the cross, they were taken down, and their legs were broken to prevent
+their escape. The soldiers on this occasion broke the legs of the two
+thieves, because they were still alive; "but when they came to Jesus and
+saw that he was dead already, they brake not his legs." Verses 32, 33. The
+thief therefore lived over into the next day.
+
+Thus there are two absolutely insuperable objections against allowing the
+adverb, "to-day," to qualify Christ's promise, "Thou shalt be with me in
+paradise:" (1) Christ did not go to paradise that day; and (2) The thief
+did not die that day. Before these facts the conscious-state argument
+built upon this incident, vanishes into thin air. Just place the comma (a
+punctuation mark not invented till 1490) after "to-day" instead of before
+it, and let that word qualify the verb "say" and emphasize the time when
+it was spoken, and all is harmonious. The thief's request did not pertain
+to that day, but looked forward to the time when Christ should come into
+his kingdom; and Christ's promise did not pertain to that day, but to the
+time in the thief's request; so he did not falsify it by not going to his
+Father for three days afterward. The thief is quietly slumbering in the
+tomb; but Christ is soon coming into his kingdom. Then the thief will be
+remembered, be raised from the dead, and be with Christ in that paradise
+into which he will then introduce all his people. Thus all is as clear as
+a sunbeam, when the text is freed from the bungling tinkering of men.
+
+The strongest texts and incidents which are appealed to in defense of the
+conscious-state theory, have now been examined. If these do not sustain
+it, nothing can be found in the Bible which will sustain it. All are
+easily harmonized with these. Thus in Paul's desire to "depart and be with
+Christ" (Phil. 1:23), he does not there tell us _when_ he will be with
+Christ; but he does tell us in many other places; and it is at the
+resurrection and the coming of Christ. Phil. 3:11; 1 Thess. 4:16, 17. When
+he speaks of our being clothed upon with our house from heaven (2 Cor.
+5:2), he tells us that it is when "mortality" is "swallowed up of life."
+But that is only at the last trump. 1 Cor. 15:51-54. If we are told about
+the woman who had had seven husbands (Matt. 22:23-28), no hint is given of
+any reunion till after the resurrection. If God calls himself "not the God
+of the dead, but of the living" (Matt. 22:32), it is because he speaks of
+"those things that be not as though they were" (Rom. 4:17), and the
+worthies of whom this is spoken, are sure to live again (Heb. 11:15, 16),
+and hence are now spoken of as alive in his sight, because they are so in
+his purpose. Texts which speak of the departure and return of the soul
+(Gen. 35:18; 1 Kings 17:21, 22), are referable to the "breath of life,"
+which is the meaning of the word in these instances rendered "soul."
+
+Three passages only have been referred to, which declare positively that
+the dead know not anything. It was thought preferable to answer certain
+objections, before introducing further direct testimony. But there are
+many such passages, a few more of which will now be presented, as a
+fitting conclusion to this branch of the subject. The reader's careful
+attention is invited to a few of the various texts, and the conclusions
+that follow therefrom.
+
+1. _Death and Sleep._--Death, in numerous passages is compared to sleep, in
+contrast with the wakeful condition. See Ps. 13:3; Job 7:21; John 11:11;
+Acts 7:60; 1 Cor. 11:30; 15:51; 1 Thess. 4:14; etc. But there is only one
+feature in sleep by virtue of which it can be taken as a figure of death;
+and that is, the condition of unconsciousness which shuts up the avenues
+of one's senses to all one's environment. If one is not thus unconscious
+in death, the figure is false, and the comparison illogical and
+misleading.
+
+2. _Thoughts Perish._--So David testifies: "Put not your trust in princes,
+nor in the son of man, in whom there is no help. His breath goeth forth,
+he returneth to his earth; in that very day his thoughts perish." Ps.
+146:3, 4. The word "thoughts" does not here mean simply the projects and
+purposes one has in view, which do often fail, when the author of them
+dies, but it is from a root which means the act of thinking, the operation
+of the mind; and in death, that entirely ceases. It cannot therefore be
+the dead who come out of the unseen with such intelligence as is shown in
+Spiritualism.
+
+3. _Job's Statement._--Speaking of a dead man, Job (14:21) says: "His sons
+come to honor, and he knoweth it not; and they are brought low, but he
+perceiveth it not of them." If the dead cannot take cognizance of matters
+of so much interest as these, how can they communicate with the living as
+the spirits do?
+
+4. _No Remembrance of God._--David, in Ps. 6:5 and 115:17, again testifies:
+"For in death there is no remembrance of thee: in the grave who shall give
+thee thanks?" "The dead praise not the Lord, neither any that go down into
+silence." Is it possible that any righteous man, if he is living and
+conscious after going into the grave, would not praise and give thanks to
+the Lord?
+
+5. _Hezekiah's Testimony._--Hezekiah was sick unto death. Isa. 38:1. But he
+prayed, and the Lord added to his days fifteen years. Verse 5. For this he
+praised the Lord, and gave his reasons for so doing in the following words
+(verses 18, 19): "For the grave cannot praise thee, death cannot celebrate
+thee: they that go down into the pit cannot hope for thy truth. The
+living, the living, he shall praise thee, as I do this day." This is a
+clear affirmation that in death he would not be able to do what he was
+able to do while living.
+
+6. _New Testament Evidence._--The New Testament bears a corresponding
+testimony on this subject. None will be saved except such as Christ raises
+up at the last day. John 6:39, 40. No one is to receive any reward before
+the resurrection. Luke 14:14; 2 Tim. 4:8. No one can enter God's kingdom
+before being judged; but there is no execution of judgment before the
+coming of Christ. 2 Tim. 4:1; Acts 17:31; Luke 19:35; etc. If there is no
+avenue to a future life by a resurrection, then all who have gone down in
+death are perished. 1 Cor. 15:18. Such texts utterly forbid the idea of
+consciousness and activity, on the part of any of the human family, in
+death.
+
+This part of the subject need not be carried further. It has been dwelt
+upon so fully simply because of its determinate bearing on the question
+under discussion. Spiritualism rests its whole title to credence on the
+claim that the intelligences which manifest themselves are the spirits of
+the dead. The Bible says that they are _not_ the spirits of the dead. Then
+if the Bible is true, the whole system rests upon deception and falsehood.
+No one who believes this will tamper with Spiritualism. One cannot have
+Spiritualism and the Bible, too. One or the other must be given up. But he
+who still holds on to the theory that the dead are conscious, contrary to
+the testimony of the Scriptures has no shield against the Spiritualistic
+delusion, and the danger is that he will sooner or later throw the Bible
+away.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Four.
+
+
+THEY ARE EVIL ANGELS.
+
+
+As the Bible plainly shows what the spirits which communicate are _not_,
+it just as clearly reveals also what they _are_; so that in no particular
+is one left to conjecture or guesswork. There is an order of beings
+brought to view in the Scriptures, above man but lower than God or Christ,
+called "angels." No Bible believer questions the existence of such beings.
+It is sometimes asserted that angels are departed human spirits; but this
+cannot be; for they appear upon the stage of action before a single human
+being had died, or a disembodied spirit could have existed. When the world
+was created, Job declares that "the morning stars sang together, and all
+the sons of God shouted for joy." These are two of the names applied to
+these beings, but they are also known by a number of others. They are 167
+times called angels; 61 times, angel of the Lord; 8 times, angel of God;
+17 times, his angels; 41 times, cherub and cherubim. There are also such
+names as seraphim, chariots, God's hosts, watchers, holy ones, thrones,
+dominions, principalities and powers,--all referring to the different
+orders of these heavenly beings.
+
+A part of this host fell into sin, and thereby became evil, or fallen,
+angels. A reasonable statement of how this came about can be given, but no
+reason for the act itself. Sin cannot be explained. To explain it would be
+to give a reason for it; and to give a reason for it would be to excuse
+it; and then it would cease to be sin. In the beginning a condition
+existed which was in itself right and essential; but which nevertheless
+made sin possible. It is one of the inevitable conditions of the highest
+glory of God, that all his creatures should serve him from choice, under
+the law of love, and not by compulsion, as a machine, under the law of
+necessity. To secure this end, they must be made free moral agents. Thus
+to angels was given the freedom of the will, the same as to man. They were
+in a state of purity and happiness, with every condition favorable for a
+continuance in that condition; but in the free choices of their free
+wills, they of course had the power, if they should unaccountably see fit
+so to use it, to turn away from truth and right, and rebel against God.
+This some of them did. So we find Jude speaking of "the angels that kept
+not their first estate" (Jude 6), and Peter, of "the angels that sinned"
+(2 Peter 2:4); and these they further declare, were cast down to Tartarus,
+and are reserved in everlasting chains under darkness, unto the judgment
+of the great day.
+
+There must have been to this rebellion an instigator and leader; and we
+accordingly find the Bible speaking of such a personage; the whole company
+being described as "the Devil and his angels." Our Lord pointed out this
+leader in evil, and his work, in John 8:44: "Ye are of your Father the
+Devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the
+beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him.
+When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar and the
+father of it." This reveals the great facts in his case. He abode not in
+the truth. Then he was once in the truth; and as he is a liar, and the
+father of it, he was the first one to depart from truth and introduce
+falsehood and evil into the universe of God.
+
+In Isaiah (14:12-14) this being is addressed as Lucifer, or the day-star;
+and the prophet exclaims, "How art thou fallen from heaven, 0 Lucifer, son
+of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken
+the nations!" The following verses indicate that the nature of his
+transgression was self-exaltation and pride of heart: "For thou hast said
+in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above
+the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in
+the sides of the north: I will ascend above the heights of the clouds; I
+will be like the Most High." Paul, in 1 Tim. 3:6, intimates that it was
+this pride that caused the ruin of this once holy being. Of an elder he
+says that he must not be a novice, "lest being lifted up with pride he
+fall into the condemnation of the Devil," or that sin for which the Devil
+was condemned.
+
+In Ezekiel 28, Satan is again spoken of under the pseudonym of "the prince
+of Tyrus." Verse 2 shows his pride: "Because thine heart is lifted up, and
+thou hast said, I am a God, I sit in the seat of God," etc. Verses 12-15
+describe his beauty, wisdom, and apparel, and his exalted office as a high
+cherub, before his sin and fall. Verse 15 reads: "Thou wast perfect in thy
+ways from the day thou wast created, till iniquity was found in thee."
+
+These passages give us a sufficient idea of the origin of Satan and how
+such an incarnation of evil has come to exist. The Tartarus into which he
+and his angels were cast, according to Peter, is defined by leading
+lexicographers, as meaning the dark, void, interplanetary spaces,
+surrounding the world. Using the serpent as a medium, this apostate angel,
+thus cast out, plied our first parents with his temptation by preaching to
+them the immortality of the soul, "Thou shalt not surely die," and alas!
+seduced them also into rebellion. The dominion which was given to Adam
+(Gen. 1:28), Adam thus alienated to Satan, by becoming his servant; for
+Paul says, "Know ye not, that to whom ye yield yourselves servants to
+obey, his servants ye are to whom ye obey?" Rom. 6:16. Now, consequently,
+such titles as "prince of this world," "prince of the power of the air,"
+"god of this world," etc., are applied to him, because he has by fraud
+usurped that place. John 14:30; Eph. 2:2; 2 Cor. 4:4. He, of course,
+employs "his angels" to co-operate with him in his nefarious work.
+
+Thus clearly do we have set before us just the agencies,--the Devil and his
+angels,--which are adapted, both by nature and inclination, to carry on
+just such a work as is seen in Spiritualism. But how do we know, some one
+may ask, but that Spiritualism is the work of the good angels?--We know
+that it is not, because good angels do not lie. They never would come to
+men, professing to be the spirits of their dead friends, and imitate and
+personate them to deceive, knowing that the mediums did not know, and
+could not ascertain that they were altogether another and different order
+of beings. But the evil angels, led by the father of lies, and cradled,
+and drilled, and skilled, and polished, in the school of lying, would be
+delighted to deceive men in this very way, by pretending to be their dead
+friends, and then by working upon their affections and love for the ones
+they could skilfully personate, bring them under their influence and lead
+them captive at their will.
+
+These evil angels are experts in deception. They have had six thousand
+years' experience. They are well acquainted with the human family. They
+can read character. They study temperament. They acquaint themselves
+minutely with personal history. They know a thousand things which only
+they and the individual they are trying to ensnare, are aware of. They
+know many things beyond the knowledge of men. They can easily carry the
+news of the decease of a friend, and the description of a death-bed scene,
+to other friends thousands of miles away, and months before the truth
+through ordinary channels can reach them, so that when it is verified,
+their influence over them may be increased. (See page 23.)
+
+There is nothing that has yet taken place, of however inexplicable a
+nature, and nothing which even the imagination may anticipate, which is
+not, and will not be, easily attributable to these unseen angels. They are
+lying spirits; for the fundamental principle on which they are acting is a
+lie; but they tell enough truth to sway and captivate the minds of men. It
+matters not how sacred the field in which they tread, nor how hallowed the
+associations which they invade, they press into every spot where it is
+possible, by spinning another thread, to strengthen their web of
+deception.
+
+And in what dulcet and siren tones they woo their victims to lay aside all
+resistance to their influence, to become receptive and passive, and yield
+themselves to their control; and when they have them thus helpless in
+their arms, they deliberately and cruelly instil into their minds the
+virus of ungovernable lust, the leprosy of unconquerable rebellion against
+the government of Heaven. That this language does not misrepresent nor
+slander them, will be shown from their own testimony, before the close of
+this book.
+
+The thought is not overlooked that many even of those who do not profess
+to be Spiritualists, deny the existence of any such being as a personal
+Devil, or of personal evil angels, his agents. He is no doubt well pleased
+with this, as such people can the more easily be made the victims of his
+wiles. But these same persons would no doubt acknowledge the existence, as
+real beings, of God, Christ, and the good angels. This fact being
+established, by parity of reasoning the Devil and his angels become real
+beings also. The same arguments which show that God and Christ exist as
+personal beings may be used to show that the Devil and his angels are
+personal beings also. He who denies that there is a personal Devil, must
+be prepared also to deny that there is a personal Christ. So far as the
+argument for personal existence is concerned, Christ and good angels stand
+on one side of the equation, and the Devil and his angels on the other;
+and whoever would rub out the one, must rub out the other also.
+
+Christ said that he "beheld Satan as lightning fall from heaven." Luke
+10:18. John in the Revelation (12:7) beheld a war in heaven. "Michael
+[Christ] and his angels fought against the dragon [Satan]; and the dragon
+fought, and his angels." On the ground that there is no Devil, this would
+be a wonderful battle--Christ and his angels, who are real beings, fighting
+furiously against myths and nonentities which have not even the substance
+of a phantom.
+
+To endorse the doctrine of a personal Devil, is not to endorse the grossly
+absurd caricatures conjured up by morbid imaginations, and popular
+theology,--a being with bat's wings, horns, hoofs, and a dart-pointed tail.
+Yet upon such pictorial fables he doubtless looks with complacency; as
+they are calculated still further to destroy faith in his existence, and
+enable him the better to cover his tracks and carry on his work among men.
+Nevertheless the only rational hypothesis on which to account for the
+present condition of this world (which every one must admit is full of
+devilishness), the existence of evil, and the presence of sickness,
+suffering, and death, is the account the Bible gives us of fallen angels
+and fallen men. Unfallen angels are beings of mighty power. One of them
+slew in one night 185,000 Assyrians (2 Kings 19:35); and the one who
+appeared at the time of Christ's resurrection had a countenance like the
+lightning, and raiment white as snow, and before him the keepers of the
+tomb fell like dead men. Matt. 28:3, 4. A fall from their high estate,
+though it would impair their strength and power, cannot be supposed to
+have wholly deprived them of these qualities; therefore the fallen angels
+still have capabilities far superior to those of men. The only defense
+mankind has against them is found in Christ, who circumscribes their power
+(for they are kept in chains, 2 Peter 2:4), and makes provision by which
+we may resist them. Eph. 6:11; James 4:6-8; 1 John 5:18. The question why
+they are permitted to continue finds solution in the thought that God is
+consistently giving to sin time and opportunity to develop itself, fully
+show its nature, and manifest its works, to all created intelligences, so
+that when it shall finally be wiped out of existence, with all its
+originators, aiders, and abetters, as in God's purpose it is to be (Rev.
+20:14, 15; 2 Peter 3:7, 13; Rev. 5:13), there will ever after remain an
+object-lesson sufficient to safe-guard the universe against a repetition
+of the evil. Only some 6000 years are allotted to this work of evil; and
+6000 years are as nothing compared with eternity.
+
+
+
+
+Warnings Against Evil Spirits.
+
+
+The Scriptures plainly point out the working of these agents of
+wickedness, and warn us against them. In 1 Tim. 4:1, we read: "Now the
+Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from
+the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils." This
+shows that these spirits make it an object to seduce, or deceive, to draw
+men away from the true faith, and cause them to receive, instead, the
+doctrines they teach, which are called "doctrines of devils;" and this
+scripture is written to put men on their guard against them.
+
+Again Paul says: "For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against
+principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this
+world, against spiritual wickedness [margin, 'wicked spirits'] in high
+places." Eph. 6:12. And he adjures his readers to put on the whole armor
+of God to be able to resist them.
+
+The apostle Peter exhorts to the same purpose: "Be sober, be vigilant;
+because your adversary the devil, as a roaring lion, walketh about,
+seeking whom he may devour: whom resist steadfast in the faith." 1 Peter
+5:8, 9. If our ears do not deceive us, a good deal of this roaring is
+heard in the ranks of Spiritualists, where, by invisible rapping, agitated
+furniture, clairvoyance, clairaudience, writing, speaking, marvels, and
+wonders, he seeks to set the world on tiptoe of curiosity and expectation,
+and bewilder men into a departure from the faith and the acceptance of the
+doctrines of devils. He is cunning enough not to "roar" in a way to
+frighten and repel, but only to attract attention, and lead multitudes,
+through an overweening curiosity and wonder at the marvels, to come
+thoughtlessly within the sphere of his influence.
+
+The prophet Isaiah also has something to say directly upon this subject:
+"And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar
+spirits, and unto wizards that peep, and that mutter: should not a people
+seek unto their God? for the living to the dead?" Isa. 8:19. That is, is
+it consistent for living people to go to dead ones for their knowledge?
+The following verse shows where we should go for light and truth: "To the
+law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is
+because there is no light in them." The time has certainly come when many
+are saying just what the text points out, and seeking to the dead, to
+familiar spirits, and wizards, for knowledge. Those practices which in the
+Bible are enumerated as "charming," "enchantment," "sorcery,"
+"witchcraft," "necromancy," "divination," "consulting with familiar
+spirits," etc., are more or less related, and are all really from one
+source. So in modern times different names indicate substantially the same
+thing. Thus Mr. Hudson, in "Psychic Phenomena," p. v, says:--
+
+
+    "It has, however, long been felt by the ablest thinkers of our
+    time that all psychic manifestations of the human intellect,
+    normal or abnormal, whether designated by the name of mesmerism,
+    hypnotism, somnambulism, trance, spiritism, demonology, miracle,
+    mental therapeutics, genius, or insanity, are in some way
+    related."
+
+
+Seven, at least, of the foregoing names are no doubt in the warp and woof
+of Spiritualism; and he might have added mind-reading and Christian
+Science. And Spiritualists admit that their work is the same as that
+described by the Bible terms above quoted. Thus, Allen Putnam, a
+Spiritualistic writer, says:--
+
+
+    "The doctrine that the oracles, soothsaying, and witchcraft of
+    past ages were kindred to these manifestations of our day, I, for
+    one, most fully believe."
+
+
+In a pamphlet by the same author, entitled, "Mesmerism, Spiritualism,
+Witchcraft, and Miracle," p. 6, he says:--
+
+
+    "As seen by me now, Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, Miracles,
+    all belong to one family, all have a common root, and are
+    developed by the same laws."
+
+
+To all these, therefore, the text under notice (Isa. 8:19, 20) applies. We
+are to bring them to the standard of "the law and the testimony," and "if
+they speak not according to this word ... there is no light in them." The
+living should not seek to the dead.
+
+In Rev. 16:13, 14, the same spirits are again brought to view, and called
+"unclean spirits," and "spirits of devils." Their last work of deception
+is to go forth to the kings of the earth, and of the whole world, to
+gather them to the battle of the great day of God Almighty. Thus all that
+is revealed of them from beginning to end (and scriptures might be
+multiplied on the point) furnishes the most cogent reason why all should
+be keenly awake to their existence and their work, and be ever watchful
+against their influence and approach.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Five.
+
+
+WHAT THE SPIRITS TEACH.
+
+
+It has been shown in the preceding chapters that the unseen "controls"
+(the beings who control the mediums) in Spiritualism, are not the spirits
+of the dead, but are fallen angels or spirits of devils. This fact will be
+confirmed by a brief glance at some of their teachings; for we are to
+remember that if they speak not according to the law and the testimony
+there is no light in them. It matters not that what they teach may be
+supported by signs and wonders beyond the comprehension of the human mind.
+That is no guarantee of truth; for such phenomena are to be wrought, as
+will soon be shown, to prove a lie. The Lord anciently put his people on
+their guard in this respect. Deut. 13:1-3, 5: "If there arise among you a
+prophet, or a dreamer of dreams, and giveth thee a sign or a wonder, and
+the sign or the wonder come to pass, whereof he spake unto thee, saying,
+Let us go after other gods, which thou hast not known, and let us serve
+them; thou shalt not hearken unto the words of that prophet, or that
+dreamer of dreams: for the Lord your God proveth you, to know whether ye
+love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul." "And
+that prophet, or that dreamer of dreams, shall be put to death; because he
+hath spoken to turn you away from the Lord your God, ... out of the way
+which the Lord thy God commanded thee to walk in."
+
+Thus the fact that one who professed to be a prophet could perform a sign
+or wonder, showing his connection with some unseen power, was not enough
+to shield him from condemnation and punishment, if what he undertook to
+prove by that sign or wonder was contrary to the truth, and tended to lead
+away from God. The teaching of any system is an important part of the
+fruit it bears; and by that, according to our Lord's own rule, we are to
+judge it, and not by any power or mighty works connected with it, however
+wonderful they may be.
+
+"'Tis not the broad phylactery
+  Nor stubborn fasts, nor stated prayers
+That make us saints. We judge the tree
+  By what it bears."
+--_Alice Carey._
+
+It is therefore pertinent to look sufficiently at the teachings of the
+spirits to ascertain their character. Here we shall find some most
+damaging testimony; for--
+
+1. _They Deny God._--It is no pleasure to transcribe the utterances of
+practical atheism; yet enough should be given to show what they teach on
+the great fundamental principles of Christianity. At a seance, reported in
+the _Banner of Light_, July 11, 1868, the following questions were
+addressed to the spirits, and the accompanying answers received:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--It is said in the Bible that man is made in the image of
+    God. Please tell us what that image is.
+
+
+    "_Ans._--He is made in the image of everything that ever was, that
+    is, or that ever shall be. He holds within his caliber everything
+    that exists, that ever has existed, or that ever will exist. Now,
+    God is included in this. If he exists at all, he exists everywhere
+    (and we have taken in everything), every place, every name, every
+    condition. I believe that the human stands above all things else,
+    and holds within its embrace all the past, present, and future. In
+    this sense he is created and exists in the image of God.
+
+
+    "_Q._--What is God essentially?
+
+
+    "_A._--Everything. Essentially you are God, and I am God--the
+    flowers, the grass, the pebbles, the stars, the moon, the sun,
+    everything is God."
+
+
+The Devil, through the serpent in the garden, taught Adam and Eve that the
+soul is immortal, and has transfused the same idea very successfully
+through paganism, Romanism, and Protestantism; but he also said, "Ye shall
+be as gods;" and now, it seems, he is trying to make the world swallow
+this other leg of his falsehood; but by putting it forth under the form of
+the old pagan pantheism, that everything is God, and God is everything, he
+betrays the lie he uttered in Eden; for in that case, Adam and Eve were no
+more gods after they ate than they were before.
+
+Another seance, reported in the _Banner_ about twenty years later than the
+one quoted above, April 28, 1888; an inquirer addressed to the "spirits" a
+question about God, and received answer, a portion of which is presented
+below:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Some Spiritualists, I learn, believe in a God; otherwise
+    they would not pray to him--taking for granted that there is such a
+    being. Please enlighten us.
+
+
+    "_Ans._--We have yet to come in contact with a thorough
+    Spiritualist, one who understands something of spiritual life and
+    the revelations made by returning spirits, who directly believes
+    in a personal God. True, many Spiritualists and many returning
+    spirits offer their invocations to the 'Great Supreme Spirit of
+    all life and intelligence,' not because they expect to change the
+    order of law, or to come into direct communication with, or
+    nearness to, a Great Supreme Being, clothed in the image of man,
+    but because they desire to enter an atmosphere of harmony, to
+    uplift their own souls to a plane of thought which will bring
+    spiritual inspiration to their minds. We make a distinction
+    between that Great Supreme Overruling Force which we may call the
+    Superior Spirit of Intelligence, Wisdom, and Love, and the
+    personal Deity, clothed in the image of man, gigantic in stature,
+    jealous and revengeful by nature, which has been set up and
+    worshiped as the Christian Jehovah. We know of no Spiritualist--let
+    us repeat it--who believes in such a personal God; but we can
+    believe and accept the idea, though it may pass beyond almost our
+    finite comprehension, that there is a grand universal Spirit
+    permeating all forms of existence; that this great source of
+    light, of activity and vitality vibrates with intelligence, and
+    that it is superior to all organic forms, however grand they may
+    prove to be."
+
+
+The same views have been taught all along by the "spirits" of
+Spiritualism, as could be shown by extracts dating as far back as 1858,
+only ten years after the "Rochester Knockings." And though Spiritualism is
+now assuming more of the sedate speech of organized Christianity, the
+spirits do not modify their teaching in respect to God. In "Automatic, or
+Spirit, Writing," p. 148 (1896), are given many messages from the spirits
+through the mediumship of Mrs. S. A. Underwood, wife of the editor of the
+_Philosophical Journal_, Chicago. The "spirits" set forth their teaching
+in answer to questions by the medium, some of which have reference to God,
+though his name is not used. Thus on page 148, this conversation is
+given:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--You often in these communications speak of the binding
+    laws of spiritual life--that because of them you cannot give us
+    such and such information, etc. Now who makes those laws, and
+    whence came they, and how are they taught?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Thou say'st 'who'--therefore we cannot answer. Go back to
+    the first question and ask one at a time.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Well, who makes the laws?
+
+
+    "_A._--Spirits are not bondaged by _persons_.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Then how do you come to know those laws?
+
+
+    "_A._--Pharos will now answer. Spiritual laws are spiritually
+    perceived, as soon as the physical perceptions are got rid of.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Could you explain to us those laws?
+
+
+    "_A._--Courses of teaching from our side are as necessary for you
+    to understand even the rudimentary laws of Being, as courses in
+    your colleges; and guessed-at spirit knowledge from your bounded
+    view must always fail in accurate wording."
+
+
+It will be perceived that the answers to these questions are, from the
+beginning, evasive; but the real idea entertained clearly shines through
+the thin veil drawn over to conceal it. The questions pertain to the
+source, or authorship, of the "laws of spiritual life;" and this would
+generally be understood to be God. But on a technicality the spirits
+refuse to answer. The question is made plainer, and the answer is that
+"spirits are not bondaged by _persons_;" that is to say that spirits have
+nothing to do with personalities, and that no personal being has anything
+to do with those laws. There is therefore no God who formulates and
+promulgates them. No wonder the question followed, how they came to know
+these laws; and it was a very convenient answer that we will know when we
+get there and have lost all physical perceptions. A desire for some
+explanation of those laws is met with the not very satisfactory
+information that they (the spirits) would have to give those in our sphere
+a course of teaching, like a college course, before we could understand
+even the rudimentary laws of Being. The only thing clear in all this is
+that there is no God; at least no personal God such as the Bible reveals.
+To the "grand whole," whatever that may be, they give the name of the "All
+of Being." In answer to a question concerning "personalities," they are
+called "atoms emanating from the same source--parts of the great All of
+Being, partaking of the general characteristics of the grand whole."--_Page
+149._
+
+Reader, how does all this compare in your own mind with the God of the
+Bible, the Creator of all things, the loving Father of us all, who has for
+his creatures more tender regard and pity than a father can feel for his
+own children, whose very name and nature is Love, and who has purposed
+infinite good for all men, and will carry it out unless they, as free
+moral agents, by their own sin, prevent his doing for them what he desires
+to do? The Bible is not responsible for the aspersions cast upon God by a
+false theology, which misrepresent his character and give occasion for the
+charges of vindictiveness and vengeance and awful tyranny, so freely made
+by fallen angels and wicked men. They do not belong to him who is the
+source of all goodness and mercy; and we would labor to bring those who
+have perverted views of God back to a right conception of the great Friend
+of sinners, as he has revealed himself in his holy word.
+
+2. _They Deny Jesus Christ._--Christ is revealed as the divine Son of the
+Father; and to deny that he was or is any more than any other man is
+surely to deny him; and the scripture says that "whosoever denieth the
+Son, the same hath not the Father." 1 John 2:23. The following is what the
+"spirits" began to teach in the earliest stages of Spiritualism concerning
+Christ:--
+
+
+    "What is the meaning of the word Christ?--'Tis not, as generally
+    supposed, the Son of the Creator of all things. Any just and
+    perfect being is Christ. The crucifixion of Christ is nothing more
+    than the crucifixion of the spirit, which all have to contend with
+    before becoming perfect and righteous. The miraculous conception
+    of Christ is merely a fabulous tale."--_Spiritual Telegraph, No.
+    37._
+
+
+How fully does this declaration that any good man is Christ open the way
+for the fulfilment of the Saviour's prophecy that in the last days many
+false Christs and false prophets shall arise, and shall deceive many. See
+Matt. 24:24. A prospectus of the _Truth Seeker_ contained these words: "It
+shall be the organ through which the christs of the last dispensation will
+choose to speak."
+
+A little later, July 19, 1862, there was published in the _Banner of
+Light_ a lecture on Spiritualism by Mrs. C. L. V. Hatch, in which she
+spoke of Christ as follows:--
+
+
+    "Of Jesus of Nazareth, personally, we have but little to say.
+    Certain it is, we find sufficient that is divine in his life and
+    teachings, without professing to believe in the fables of
+    theologians respecting his birth and parentage. We are content to
+    take the simple record as it stands, and to regard him as the son
+    of Joseph and Mary, endowed with such purity and harmony of
+    character as fitted him to be the Apostle and Revelator of the
+    highest wisdom ever taught to man. It is the fundamental article
+    in the creed of modern Christianity, that Jesus was divine in his
+    nature, and of miraculous origin and nativity. Now, no human being
+    of ordinary intelligence, unwarped by educational bias, would ever
+    profess to believe in such a monstrous figment, which only shows
+    the blindness of superstitious prejudice."
+
+
+Here is something twenty-four years later. A seance reported in the
+_Banner of Light_, Oct. 9, 1886, gives the following questions and
+answer:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Do 'spirits' generally believe in the divinity of Jesus
+    Christ; that he was the Son of God; that he was crucified, dead,
+    and buried, and rose again the third day for the saving of all who
+    should believe in him?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--No; spirits generally--advanced spirits, those who are
+    intelligent, having studied deeply into the principles of life--do
+    not accept the theory of the divinity of Jesus Christ; they do not
+    believe that he was crucified for mankind, in the accepted
+    understanding of that term."
+
+
+Some years ago a class was formed in New York City for the purpose of
+investigating what is called the spiritual philosophy. Before that class,
+Dr. Weisse said:--
+
+
+    "Friend Orton seems to make rather light of the communications
+    from spirits concerning Christ. It seems, nevertheless, that all
+    the testimony received from advanced spirits only shows that
+    Christ was a medium and reformer in Judea; that he now is an
+    advanced spirit in the sixth sphere; but that he never claimed to
+    be God, and does not at present. I have had two communications to
+    that effect. I have also read some that Dr. Hare had. If I am
+    wrong in my views of the Bible, I should like to know it, for the
+    spirits and mediums _do not contradict me_."
+
+
+The peculiar insult here purposely offered to the Saviour will be
+appreciated when it is noted that at about the same time the spirits
+located Thomas Paine, the well-known skeptic, in the seventh sphere, one
+sphere above that of Christ. He must therefore have progressed very
+rapidly, seeing he so quickly surpassed Christ, who had over 1700 years
+the start of him.
+
+Before the same class Dr. Hare is reported to have spoken as follows,
+which we give without assuming any responsibility for the spiritual
+grammar therein exhibited:--
+
+
+    "He said that he had been thus protected from deception by the
+    spirits of Washington and Franklin, and that they had brought
+    Jesus Christ to him, with whom he had also communicated. He had
+    first repelled him as an impostor; but became convinced afterward
+    that it was really him. He related that he had learned from that
+    high and holy spirit, that he was not the character that
+    Christendom had represented him to be, and not responsible for the
+    errors connected with his name, but that he was, while on earth, a
+    medium of high and extraordinary powers, and that it was solely
+    through his mediumistic capabilities that he attained so great
+    knowledge, and was enabled to practice such apparent wonders."
+
+
+When Christ was upon earth, it was envy, jealousy, and malice that moved
+the Pharisees against him (Matt 27:18); and it seems that he is followed
+by the same feelings in the spirit world. This is natural; for he who
+fired the hearts of the Pharisees with their malignant spirit, is the same
+one, as we have seen, who is working through the powers of darkness in the
+unseen world to-day. Any way to degrade Christ in the minds of men to a
+level with, or below, the mediums of our time, and make it appear that
+they can do as great wonders as he, seems to be the object in view.
+
+There is plainly manifest an irrepressible desire on the part of spirits
+and mediums to show Christ to be inferior to the leaders of other great
+religions of the world, as Buddha, Confucius, Zoroaster, etc. Thus, at a
+seance held in 1864 (_Banner of Light_, June 4), the spirits were
+questioned as follows:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Have you ever seen Confucius or Zoroaster?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Yes, many times.
+
+
+    "_Q._--In the order of degree, which stands the higher in moral
+    excellence--Jesus Christ, Confucius, or Zoroaster?
+
+
+    "_A._--Confucius stands in morality higher than the other two....
+    Jesus himself claims to have been inspired to a large extent, by
+    this same Confucius. And if we are to place reliance upon the
+    records concerning each individual, we shall find that Jesus spoke
+    the truth when he tells us that he was inspired by Confucius."
+
+
+Indeed! Where are the records referred to? Where and when did Jesus
+"speak" the words attributed to him? And where does he tell _us_, that he
+was inspired by Confucius? So we are to believe, are we, that the gospel
+of Jesus Christ, is only a rehash of what was originally wrought out in
+the brain of Confucius, and not words fresh from the fountain of light
+given him by his Father in heaven, to speak, as he claimed them to be? Yet
+he was a high and _holy_ medium. We wonder what standard of holiness and
+perfection the spirits can have.
+
+But still later, in 1896, we find the spirits putting forth the same
+teaching in reference to Jesus Christ. In "Automatic, or Spirit Writing,"
+pp. 148, 149, we have this:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Do you accept Jesus as the model of spiritual knowledge?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Shall you give us a better example?
+
+
+    "_Q._--Well, we are willing to accept him as one of many, but not
+    as chief.
+
+
+    "_A._--Change the name. Call him by other names--Buddha, Krishna, or
+    Mohammed, the spirit is one--is ever and ever the same. Spirit is
+    one, not many, however often the name is changed.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Were not Jesus, Buddha, and Mohammed distinct personalities?
+
+
+    "_A._--No more than all atoms emanating from the same source--parts
+    of the great All of Being, partaking of the general
+    characteristics of the grand whole--but yielding to environments,
+    showed marked individualism, such as the force of the times in
+    which they appeared would create in their characters.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Are these leaders of religious thought not distinct
+    individualities now?
+
+
+    "_A._--No, not on spiritual planes, which do not recognize any
+    now."
+
+
+Thus they persist in denying that Jesus holds any pre-eminent position as
+a religious teacher. He may as well be called Buddha, Krishna, or Mohammed
+as Jesus. They are all the same spirit, all atoms of the great "All of
+Being," all as much alike as three drops of water from the same ocean, and
+what is more bewildering still, they have now all lost their individuality
+in the spirit world. How, then, can it be told that Christ is in the sixth
+sphere, and Paine in the seventh? Such teachers, though they may claim to
+be good spirits, are branded as antichrist by both John and Jude. John
+says: "Who is a liar but he that denieth that Jesus is the Christ? He is
+antichrist that denieth the Father and the Son." 1 John 2:22. Again,
+"Every spirit that confesseth not that Jesus Christ is come in the flesh
+is not of God." 1 John 4:3. According to the spirits, Jesus Christ has no
+more come in the flesh than have Buddha, Mohammed, Confucius, Zoroaster,
+or any other religious teacher. They all simply yielded to their
+environments, and showed marked individualism while on this earth, and
+have now become absorbed in the "great whole" in the spirit world. Thus,
+as Jude says (verse 4), they deny "the only Lord God, and our Lord Jesus
+Christ."
+
+So much for their denial of Christ in his person. They also deny him in
+his offices; for to deny and ridicule what he came to do, is one of the
+most effectual ways of denying him. The great work of Christ was the
+shedding of his blood to atone for the sins of the world; and the spirits
+are particularly bitter in denouncing that idea. If such sentiments were
+uttered only by open and professed scoffers, it would not do so much harm;
+but it is not unusual to find those bearing the title of "Reverend"
+descanting on these themes in a manner to show themselves antichrist,
+according to the definition of that term by John. And even this need not
+surprise us; for the sure word of prophecy has foretold that some who have
+once held the true faith will depart therefrom to give heed to seducing
+spirits, and doctrines of devils. 1 Tim. 4:1.
+
+One R. P. Wilson, to whose name is attached the ministerial title, in his
+lectures on "Spiritual Science," said:--
+
+
+    "Although as a believer in true spiritual philosophy, we cannot
+    receive the orthodox views of salvation, yet we recognize the
+    birth of a Saviour and Redeemer into the universal hearts of
+    humanity, _wherein truly the deity is incarnate_, dwelling in the
+    interior of man's spirit. We believe that each soul of man is born
+    with his or her Saviour within them; for as man is an embodiment
+    of the universe in epitome, he contains in his central nature an
+    incarnation of deity. The germ of immortal unfoldings resides
+    within the spirit of it, which needs only appropriate conditions
+    to call forth the expanding and elevating powers of the soul."
+
+
+In "Spiritual Science Demonstrated," p. 229, Dr. Hare said:--
+
+
+    "Since my spirit sister's translation to the spheres, she has
+    risen from the fifth to the sixth sphere. It has been alleged by
+    her that her ascent was retarded by her belief in the atonement."
+
+
+A "spirit" calling himself Deacon John Norton, as reported in the _Banner
+of Light_, said:--
+
+
+    "I used to believe in the atonement; I honestly believed that
+    Christ died to save the world, and that by and through his death
+    all must be saved if saved at all. Now I see that this is folly--it
+    cannot be so. The light through Christ, the Holy One, shone in
+    darkness; the darkness could not comprehend it; and thus it
+    crucified the body, and Christ died a martyr. He was not called in
+    that way, that by the shedding of his blood, the vast multitude
+    coming after him should find salvation. Everything in nature
+    proves this false. They tell me here that Christ was the most
+    perfect man of his time. I am told here also that he is worthy to
+    be worshiped, because of his goodness; and where man finds
+    goodness he may worship. God's face is seen in the violet, and man
+    may well worship this tiny flower."
+
+
+In the pantheism of Spiritualism, every object in nature, the tiny flower,
+the pebbles, the trees, the birds and bees, are worthy to be worshiped as
+much as Christ. In one breath the spirits extol him as a most perfect man,
+pre-eminent in goodness and worthy to be worshiped, and in the next, place
+him in a position which would make him the greatest fraud and impostor
+that ever lived. Such inconsistencies show that Christ is a miracle which
+evil men and evil angels know not how to dispose of.
+
+As they deny Christ, they must, logically, deny the doctrine of his second
+coming. This doctrine is made of especial importance and prominence in the
+New Testament. The nature of that coming, its manner, and the
+circumstances attending it are so fully described, that no one who adopts
+the Bible view can possibly be deceived by false christs. But the church
+and the world have been turned away from the true doctrine of the second
+advent, and the way is thus prepared for the great deceptions of the last
+days. Spiritualism is one of these, and claims that it is itself that
+second coming. Joel Tiffany, a former celebrated teacher of Spiritualism,
+has said:--
+
+
+    "I must look for the coming of my Lord in my own affection. He
+    must come in the clouds of my spiritual heavens, or he cannot come
+    for any benefit to me."
+
+
+And through Mrs. Conant, a famous medium of the early days of
+Spiritualism, the controlling spirit said:--
+
+
+    "This second coming of Christ means simply the second coming of
+    truths that are not themselves new, that have always existed....
+    He said, 'When I come again, I shall not be known to you.'
+    Spiritualism is that second coming of Christ."--_Banner of Light,
+    Nov. 18, 1865._
+
+
+But the Bible description of this event is, the revelation of the Lord
+himself in the clouds of heaven in the glory of the Father, the
+reverberating shout of triumph, the voice of the archangel, the trump of
+God, the flash of his presence like that of the lightning, the wailing of
+the tribes of the earth, as they thus behold him, while unprepared to meet
+him, and the resurrection of the righteous dead. And where and when have
+these inseparable accompaniments of that event been seen? They do not
+occur when a person is converted from sin, nor do they occur in the dying
+chamber, nor have they occurred in Spiritualism; and until they do take
+place, the second coming of Christ is not accomplished.
+
+Many seek to dispose of such testimony as this, by making it all
+figurative, or meeting it with a bold denial, as in the case of the
+resurrection of the body. And the way has been too well prepared for this
+condition of things, by much of the teaching of popular orthodoxy, which
+turns the early records of the Bible into childish allegory, perverts the
+true doctrine of the coming and kingdom of Christ, and denies the
+resurrection of the dead, by destroying its necessity through the
+immortality of the soul. On the vital point of the resurrection, Dr.
+Clarke makes this noteworthy remark:--
+
+
+    "One remark I cannot help making,--The doctrine of the resurrection
+    appears to have been thought of much more consequence among the
+    primitive Christians than it is _now_! How is this?--The apostles
+    were continually insisting on it, and exciting the followers of
+    God to diligence, obedience, and cheerfulness through it. And
+    their successors in the present day seldom mention it! So the
+    apostles preached, and so the primitive Christians believed; so we
+    preach and so our hearers believe. There is not a doctrine in the
+    gospel on which more stress is laid; and there is not a doctrine
+    in the present system of preaching which is treated with more
+    neglect."--_On 1 Corinthians 15_ (_original edition_).(3)
+
+
+In view of the way the Bible has been treated by its professed friends, it
+is no wonder that infidelity prevails, and Spiritualism prospers.
+
+3. _They Deny the Bible._--The denial of God and Christ, as set forth above
+is, of course, a denial of the Bible; and not much need therefore be added
+on this point. We quote only a few representative utterances. Doctor Hare
+("Spiritual Science Demonstrated," p. 209) says:--
+
+
+    "The Old Testament does not impart a knowledge of immortality,
+    without which religion were worthless. The notions derived from
+    the gospels are vague, disgusting, inaccurate, and difficult to
+    believe."
+
+
+As to the Old Testament, it would seem doubtful whether Mr. Hare ever read
+far enough to find (1) Job exclaiming: "For I know that my Redeemer
+liveth, and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth: and
+though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see
+God: whom I shall see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not
+another; though my reins be consumed within me" (or, as the margin reads:
+"My reins within me are consumed with earnest desire [for that day];") or
+(2) David: "I shall be satisfied, when I awake, with thy likeness;" or (3)
+Isaiah: "Thy dead men shall live, together with my dead body shall they
+arise. Awake and sing, ye that dwell in the dust;" or (4) Ezekiel:
+"Behold, O my people, I will open your graves, and cause you to come up
+out of your graves;" or (5) Daniel: "Many of them that sleep in the dust
+of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and
+everlasting contempt;" and (6) Hosea: "I will ransom them from the power
+of the grave, I will redeem them from death." Job 19:25-27; Ps. 17:15;
+Isa. 26:19; Eze. 37:12; Dan. 12:2; Hosea 13:14. And as for the New
+Testament, it is no doubt "disgusting" to many Spiritualists to read that
+"the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and
+whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, shall have
+their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the
+second death;" and that without the city "are dogs, and sorcerers, and
+whoremongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whosoever loveth and
+maketh a lie." Rev. 21:8; 22:15.
+
+Communications from spirits are offered in place of the Bible as a better
+source of instruction, the Bible being denounced, as above quoted, as
+"vague, inaccurate, and difficult to believe." A brief comparison of the
+two will furnish pertinent evidence on this point. Take, on the Bible
+side, for example, a portion of the record of creation (Gen. 1:1-5):--
+
+
+    "In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. And the
+    earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face
+    of the deep. And the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the
+    waters. And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. And
+    God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light
+    from the darkness. And God called the light Day, and the darkness
+    he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first
+    day."
+
+
+The facts stated in this record, the profoundest minds can never
+comprehend; the language in which they are expressed, a little child can
+understand. The statements are plain and simple, a perfect model of
+perspicuous narrative. Place by the side of this an account of the same
+event, as given us from the "spheres." The spirits have undertaken to
+produce a new Bible, beginning, like the old, with the creation; and this
+is the way it starts out, through the mediumship of "Rev." T. L. Harris:--
+
+
+    "1. In the beginning God, the Life in God, the Lord in God, the
+    Holy Procedure, inhabited the dome, which, burning in magnificence
+    primeval, and revolving in prismatic and undulatory spiral,
+    appeared, and was the pavilion of the Spirit: In glory
+    inexhaustible and inconceivable, in movement spherical, unfolded
+    in harmonious procedure disclosive.
+
+
+    "2. And God said, Let good be manifest! and good unfolded and
+    moral-mental germs, ovariums of heavens, descended from the
+    Procedure. And the dome of disclosive magnificence was heaven, and
+    the expanded glory beneath was the germ of creation. And the
+    divine Procedure inbreathed upon the disclosure, and the
+    disclosure became the universe."
+
+
+We will inflict no more of this "undulatory spiral" nonsense on the
+reader. He now has both records before him, and can judge for himself
+which is the more worthy of his regard. There have been Spiritualists who,
+writing in their normal state, and not yet fully divorced from the
+influence of their former education, have acknowledged the authenticity of
+the Bible, and the doctrines of Jesus as recorded in the gospels. But
+these, it is claimed, are to be understood according to a spiritual
+meaning which underlies the letter; and this spiritual meaning generally
+turns out to be contrary to the letter, which is a virtual denial of the
+record itself. But the quotations here given (only a specimen of the
+multitudes that might be presented) are given on the authority of the
+"spirits," whose teachings are what we wish to ascertain.
+
+
+
+
+They Deny All Distinction Between Right And Wrong.
+
+
+There is implanted in the hearts of men by nature, a sense of right and a
+sense of wrong. Even those who know not God, nor Christ, nor the gospel,
+possess this power of discrimination. This is what Paul, in Rom. 2:15,
+calls "the work of the law written in their hearts, their conscience also
+bearing witness, and their thoughts the meanwhile accusing or else
+excusing one another." That this distinction should now be denied by a
+class in a civilized community, professing to be advanced thinkers and
+teachers, among whom are found the learned, the refined, and the
+professedly pious, shows that we have fallen upon strange times. To be
+sure, many of them talk fluently of the beauty and perfection of divine
+laws; but in the sense in which they would have them understood, they rob
+them of all characteristics of law. The first great essential of law is
+authority; but this they take away from it; the next is penalty for its
+violation; but this they deny, and thus degrade the law to a mere piece of
+advice. The "Healing of the Nations," an authoritative work among
+Spiritualists, pp. 163, 164, says:--
+
+
+    "Thus thy body needs no laws, having been in its creation supplied
+    with all that could be necessary for its government. Thy spirit is
+    above all laws, and above all essences which flow therein. God
+    created thy spirit from within his own, and surely the Creator of
+    law is above it; the Creator of essences must be above all essence
+    created. And if thou hast what may be or might be termed laws,
+    they are always subservient to thy spirit. Good men need no laws,
+    and laws will do bad or ignorant men no good. If a man be above
+    law, he should never be governed by it. If he be below, what good
+    can dead, dry words do him?
+
+
+    "True knowledge removeth all laws from power by placing the spirit
+    of man above it."
+
+
+A correspondent of the _Telegraph_ said of this work, "The Healing of the
+Nations:"--
+
+
+    "According to its teaching, no place is found in the universe for
+    divine wrath and vengeance. All are alike and forever the object
+    of God's love, pity, and tender care--the difference between the
+    two extremes of human character on earth, being as a mere atom
+    when compared with perfect wisdom."
+
+
+This is a favorite comparison with them,--that the difference between God
+and the best of men is so much greater than the extremes of character
+among men,--the most upright and the most wicked,--that the latter is a mere
+atom, and not accounted of in God's sight. That there is an infinite
+difference between God and the best of men, is all true; for God is
+infinite in all his attributes, and man is very imperfect at the best. But
+to argue from this that God is inferior to man, so that he cannot discern
+difference in character here, even as man can plainly discern it, seems
+but mad-house reasoning. What would we think of the man who had the same
+regard for the thief as for the honest man, for the murderer as for the
+philanthropist? To ignore such distinctions as even men are able to
+discern would destroy the stability of all human governments; what then
+would be the effect on the divine government? God has given his law--holy,
+just, and good--to men, and commanded obedience. He has attached the
+penalty to disobedience: "The soul that sinneth, it shall die," "The wages
+of sin is death." Eze. 18:20; Rom. 6:23. And in the judgment, the
+distinction God makes in character will be plainly declared; for he will
+set the righteous on his right hand, but the wicked on the left. Matt.
+25:32, 33.
+
+This view of the failure of law, and the absence of all human
+accountability, naturally leads to a bold denial of sin and the existence
+of crime. The "Healing of the Nations," p. 169, says: "Unto God there is
+no error; all is comparatively good." The same work says that God views
+error as "undeveloped good." A. J. Davis ("Nature of Divine Revelation,"
+p. 521) says: "Sin, indeed, in the common acceptation of that term, does
+not really exist."
+
+A discourse from J. S. Loveland, once a minister, reported in the _Banner
+of Light_, contained this paragraph:--
+
+
+    "With God there is no crime; with man there is. Crime does not
+    displease God, but it does man. God is in the darkest crime, as in
+    the highest possible holiness. He is equally pleased in either
+    case. Both harmonize equally with his attributes--they are only
+    different sides of the same Deity."
+
+
+In "Automatic Writing" (1896), p. 139, a question was asked concerning
+evil, meaning sin and crimes among men. The spirit answered that these
+were conditions of progress, and were so necessary to elevation that they
+were to be welcomed, not hated. The questions and answers are as follows:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Can you give us any information in regard to the
+    so-called Devil--once so firmly believed in?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Devil is a word used to conjure with.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Well, then, as the word itself doubtless arose from the word
+    'evil,' which means to us unhappiness, can you give us an
+    explanation of the existence of evil?
+
+
+    "_A._--Evil--as you who are the greatest sufferers from it, name one
+    of the conditions of progress--is as necessary, aye, more so, than
+    what you call good, to your and our elevation to higher spheres.
+    It is not to be hated, but welcomed. It is the winnowing of the
+    grain from the chaff. Children of truth, don't worry over what to
+    you seems evil; soon you will be of us and will understand, and be
+    rejoiced that what you call evil persists and works as leaven in
+    the great work of mind versus matter.
+
+
+    "_Q._--But it seems to us impossible that brutal crimes like
+    murder, assassinations, or great catastrophes, by which the
+    innocent are made to suffer at the hands of malicious and cruel
+    persons, should work for ultimate good?
+
+
+    "_A._--Percipients of the grand whole of Being can understand but
+    may not state to those on your plane, the underlying good making
+    itself asserted even through such dreadful manifestations of human
+    imperfections as the crimes you name.
+
+
+    "When asked why certain wrongs were allowed to be perpetuated,
+    this answer was given:--
+
+
+    "There is a law of psychical essence which makes necessary all
+    these ephemeral entanglements which to you seem so severe, and you
+    will yet see from your own standpoint of reason why such hardships
+    must be endured by questioning souls on the highway of progress.
+
+
+    "_Q._--But do you from your vantage ground of larger knowledge grow
+    careless that such injustice is done?
+
+
+    "_A._--We do care, but cannot remedy.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Why can't you remedy?
+
+
+    "_A._--Because humanity is but an embryo of existence.
+
+
+    "_Q._--If you can perceive the trials and sorrows of mortals, and
+    can interfere to save them, why do you not more often do so?
+
+
+    "_A._--When undeveloped souls pay the price of development, we
+    stand aloof, and let the play go on. Interference will do no
+    good."
+
+
+In view of such a confession, what becomes of the many claims put forth by
+other spirits that they are ever hovering near their friends to assist and
+guard them, to help and inspire them, and keep them from evil and danger?
+These say that those terrible crimes (and this would include all crimes)
+are all necessary, that they are tending to develop souls, and bring them
+to higher spheres, and thus are just as laudable as good actions; so they
+settle back in a gleeful mood, and "let the play go on;" let wicked men
+cultivate and develop and practice their evil propensities, and the
+innocent suffer. Well may men pray to be delivered from such a spirit
+assembly as that.
+
+In "Healing of the Nations," p. 402, Dr. Hare says:--
+
+
+    "That anything should, even for an instant, be contrary to his
+    will, is inconsistent with his foresight and omnipotency. It would
+    be a miracle that anything counter to his will should exist."
+
+
+A lecture on the "Philosophy of Reform," given by A. J. Davis, in New York
+City, bears testimony to the same effect:--
+
+
+    "In the Hebrew and Christian Scriptures, it is affirmed that sin
+    is the transgression of the law. But by an examination of nature,
+    the true and only Bible, it will be seen that this statement is
+    erroneous. It gives a wrong idea of both man and law.... It will
+    be found impossible for man to transgress a law of God."
+
+
+Thus they very illogically assume that if God has the will or the power to
+prevent evil, it could not exist, and therefore, if there is such a God,
+he is responsible, forgetting that God is long-suffering, and bears long
+with vessels of wrath fitted for destruction, before they pass beyond the
+limits of his mercy and perish. But Mr. Davis says further:--
+
+
+    "Reformers need to understand that war is as natural to one stage
+    of human development as peace is natural to another. My brother
+    has the spirit of revenge. Shall I call him a demon? Is not his
+    spirit natural to his condition? War is not evil or repulsive
+    except to a man of peace. Who made the non-resistant? Polygamy is
+    as natural to one stage of development as oranges are natural to
+    the South. Shall I grow indignant, and because I am a monogamist,
+    condemn my kinsman of yore? Who made him? Who made me? We both
+    came up under the confluence of social and political
+    circumstances; and we both represent our conditions and our
+    teachers. The doctrine of blame and praise is natural only to an
+    unphilosophical condition of mind. The spirit of complaint--of
+    attributing 'evil' to this and that plane of society--is natural;
+    but is natural only to undeveloped minds. It is a profanation--a
+    sort of atheism of which I would not be guilty."
+
+
+The Bible says, "Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that
+put darkness for light and light for darkness." Isa. 5:20. And it makes
+another declaration which finds abundant confirmation in the sentiments
+quoted above: "Because sentence against an evil work is not executed
+speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to
+do evil." Eccl. 8:11.
+
+Having thus attempted to destroy in the minds of men all distinction
+between good and evil, all being alike in God's sight, and all equally
+good, they try to make the way a little broader and easier for men to give
+full rein to all the propensities and inclinations of an evil heart, by
+teaching that there is no Lawgiver and Judge before whom men must appear
+to give an account of their deeds, but that they are responsible to
+themselves alone, and must give account only to their own natures. Thus
+Hon. J. B. Hall, in a lecture reported in the _Banner of Light_, Feb. 6,
+1864, said:--
+
+
+    "I believe that man is amenable to no law not written upon his own
+    nature, no matter by whom given.... By his own nature he must be
+    tried--by his own acts he must stand or fall. True, man must give
+    an account to God for all his deeds; but how?--Solely by giving
+    account to his own nature--to himself."
+
+
+At a seance reported in the _Banner of Light_, May 28, 1864, the following
+question was proposed, and the answer was by the communicating spirit:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--To whom or to what is the soul accountable?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--To no Deity outside the realm of its own being, certainly;
+    to no God which is a creation of fancy; to no Deity who dwells in
+    a far-off heaven, and sits upon a white throne; to no Jesus of
+    Nazareth; to no patron saint; to no personality; to no principle
+    outside our own individual selves."
+
+
+The "Healing of the Nations," p. 74, says:--
+
+
+    "Man is his own saviour, his own redeemer. He is his own judge--in
+    his own scales weighed."
+
+
+A little over twenty years after the birth of Spiritualism, Aug. 25, 1868,
+the Fifth National Convention of Spiritualists was held in Corinthian
+hall, Rochester, N. Y., at which a formal "Declaration of Principles" was
+set forth. From the seventh and eighth paragraphs, under principle 20, we
+quote the following:--
+
+
+    "_Seventh_, To stimulate the mind to the largest investigation ...
+    that we may be qualified to _judge for ourselves_ what is right
+    and true. _Eighth_, To deliver from _all bondage to authority_,
+    whether vested in _creed_, _book_, or _church_, except that of
+    received truth."
+
+
+This is the same principle of man's responsibility to no one but himself,
+authoritatively adopted. What a picture have we now before us! Destroy
+man's belief in, and reverence for, God and Christ, as they do; lead him
+to ridicule the atonement, the only remedy for sin; make him disbelieve
+the Bible; take away from his mind all distinction between right and
+wrong, and assure him that he is accountable to no one but himself; and
+how better could one prepare the way to turn men into demons. All this the
+spirits, by their teaching, seek to do. And can any one fail to foresee
+the result? Comparatively a small proportion of the inhabitants of this
+country have committed themselves to these views; consequently but little
+of the legitimate fruit as yet appears; but take human nature as it is and
+suppose all the inhabitants of this land to act on these principles, and
+then what would we have?--A pandemonium, a scene of anarchy, riot,
+bloodshed, and all depths of rottenness and corruption--in short, a hell so
+much worse than that to which the Devil is popularly assigned, that he
+would at once change his location and here take up his abode.
+
+That this statement is none too strong, will appear as we look a moment at
+some of the results which have already developed themselves among the
+friends of such views, and as their inevitable fruit. The tendency can by
+no possibility be otherwise than to atheism and all immorality. As has
+been already remarked, the repulsive features were made much more
+prominent in the early stages of Spiritualism than at the present time.
+They are now held in the background. The literature touching these points
+has been remodeled, and an air of respectability and religion assumed.
+Most of the quotations therefore date some years back, and would be
+charitably withheld were there any evidence of reform either present or
+prospective. But where or when have these principles ever been officially
+repudiated, and evidence given that the consequent practices had been
+abandoned? That there are many Spiritualists of upright and moral lives,
+and honorable members of society, in the best sense of that term, we
+gladly believe; but is not this because they are living above their
+principles; and due, not to the influence, but rather to the non-influence
+of real Spiritualism upon their lives? The quotations given are from those
+who have been prominent among Spiritualists as authors and speakers. If
+they overdraw the picture, the responsibility is with them. Dr. B. P.
+Randolph, author of a work "Dealings with the Dead," was eight years a
+medium, then renounced Spiritualism long enough to expose its character,
+then returned to it again, unable to break entirely away from the spell it
+has fastened upon him. He gives his opinion of it in the following
+scathing words:--
+
+
+    "I enter the arena as the champion of common sense, against what
+    in my soul I believe to be the most tremendous enemy of God,
+    morals, and religion, that ever found foothold on the earth;--the
+    most seductive, hence the most dangerous, form of sensualism that
+    ever cursed a nation, age, or people. I was a medium about eight
+    years, during which time I made three thousand speeches, and
+    traveled over several different countries, proclaiming its new
+    gospel. I now regret that so much excellent breath was wasted, and
+    that my health of mind and body was well nigh ruined. I have only
+    begun to regain both since I totally abandoned it, and to-day had
+    rather see the cholera in my house, than be a spiritual medium.
+
+
+    "As a trance speaker, I became widely known; and now aver that
+    during the entire eight years of my mediumship, I firmly and
+    sacredly confess that I had not the control of my own mind, as I
+    now have, one twentieth of the time; and before man and high
+    heaven I most solemnly declare that I do not now believe that
+    during the whole eight years, I was sane for thirty-six
+    consecutive hours, in consequence of the trance and the
+    susceptibility thereto.
+
+
+    "For seven years I held daily intercourse with what purported to
+    be my mother's spirit. I am now fully persuaded that it was
+    nothing but an evil spirit, an infernal demon, who, in that guise,
+    gained my soul's confidence, and led me to the very brink of ruin.
+    We read in Scripture of demoniac possession, as well as abnormal
+    spiritual action. Both facts exist, provable to-day; I am positive
+    the former does. A. J. Davis and his clique of Harmonialists say
+    there are no evil spirits. I emphatically deny the statement. Five
+    of my friends destroyed themselves, and I attempted it, by direct
+    spiritual influences. Every crime in the calendar has been
+    committed by mortal movers of viewless beings. Adultery,
+    fornication, suicides, desertions, unjust divorces, prostitution,
+    abortion, insanity, are not evils, I suppose. I charge all these
+    to this scientific Spiritualism. It has also broken up families,
+    squandered fortunes, tempted and destroyed the weak. It has
+    banished peace from happy families, separated husbands and wives,
+    and shattered the intellect of thousands."
+
+
+The following is an extract from the writings of J. F. Whitney, editor of
+the New York _Pathfinder_. His view of the subject accords with that of
+Dr. Randolph:--
+
+
+    "Now, after a long and constant watchfulness, seeing for months
+    and for years its progress and its practical workings upon its
+    devotees, its believers, and its mediums, we are compelled to
+    speak our honest conviction, which is, that the manifestations
+    coming through the acknowledged mediums, who are designated as
+    rapping, tipping, writing, and entranced mediums, have a baneful
+    influence upon believers, and create discord and confusion; that
+    the generality of these teachings inculcate false ideas, approve
+    of selfish individual acts, and endorse theories and principles,
+    which, when carried out, debase and make men little better than
+    the brute. These are among the fruits of Modern Spiritualism, and
+    we do not hesitate to say that we believe if these manifestations
+    are continued to be received, and to be as little understood as
+    they are, and have been since they made their appearance at
+    Rochester, and mortals are to be deceived by their false,
+    fascinating, and snakelike charming powers, which go with them,
+    the day will come when the world will require the appearance of
+    another Saviour to redeem the world from its departing from
+    Christ's warnings.... Seeing, as we have, the gradual progress it
+    makes with its believers, particularly its mediums, from lives of
+    morality to those of sensuality and immorality, gradually and
+    cautiously undermining the foundation of good principles, we look
+    back with amazement to the radical change which a few months will
+    bring about in individuals; for its tendency is to approve and
+    endorse each individual act and character, however good or bad
+    these acts may be....
+
+
+    "We desire to send forth our warning voice, and if our humble
+    position as the head of a public journal, our known advocacy of
+    Spiritualism, our experience, and the conspicuous part we have
+    played among its believers, the honesty and the fearlessness with
+    which we have defended the subject, will weigh anything in our
+    favor, we desire that our opinions may be received, and those who
+    are moving passively down the rushing rapids to destruction should
+    pause, ere it be too late, and save themselves from the blasting
+    influence which those manifestations are causing."
+
+
+Every one who knows anything about Spiritualism has heard of Cora Hatch,
+who traveled extensively, and manifested her powers as an extemporaneous
+lecturer before astonished multitudes. One of her husbands, Dr. Hatch,
+renounced Spiritualism, and the following is from the testimony he bore
+concerning it:--
+
+
+    "The most damning iniquities are everywhere perpetrated in
+    spiritual circles, a very small percentage of which ever comes to
+    public attention. I care not whether it be spiritual or mundane,
+    the facts exist, and should demand the attention and condemnation
+    of an intelligent community.... The abrogation of marriage,
+    bigamy, accompanied by robbery, theft, rape, are all chargeable
+    upon Spiritualism. I most solemnly affirm that I do not believe
+    that there has, during the last five hundred years, arisen any
+    people who are guilty of so great a variety of crimes and
+    indecencies as the Spiritualists of America.
+
+
+    "For a long time I was swallowed up in its whirlpool of
+    excitement, and comparatively paid but little attention to its
+    evils, believing that much good might result from the opening of
+    the avenues of Spiritual intercourse. But during the past eight
+    months I have devoted my attention to critical investigation of
+    its moral, social, and religious bearing, and I stand appalled
+    before the revelations of its awful and damning realities."
+
+
+Much testimony of this nature might be given from those who have had
+similar experiences and equally favorable facilities for judging of the
+character of Spiritualism. We present only a few extracts more.
+
+Dr. Wm. B. Potter of New York, in an article under the head of "Astounding
+Facts," and also in a tract entitled, "Spiritualism as It Is," gives the
+result of his experience and observations. His testimony is the more
+valuable, since he writes not from the standpoint of one who has renounced
+Spiritualism, whose feelings may for the time be overwrought, and his
+language stronger than would be used in calmer moments. When he wrote, he
+was still an advocate of Spiritualism, and spoke as a friend who would, if
+possible, induce Spiritualists to reform their faith and their manner of
+living. He says:--
+
+
+    "Fifteen years of critical study of Spiritual literature, an
+    extensive acquaintance with the leading Spiritualists, and a
+    patient, systematic, and thorough examination of the
+    manifestations for many years, enable us to speak from actual
+    knowledge, definitely and positively, of 'Spiritualism as It Is.'
+    Spiritual literature is full of the most insidious and seductive
+    doctrines, calculated to undermine the very foundations of
+    morality and virtue, and lead to the most unbridled
+    licentiousness.
+
+
+    "We are told that 'we must have charity,' that it is wrong to
+    blame any one, that we must not expose iniquity, as 'it will
+    harden the guilty,' that 'none should be punished,' that 'man is a
+    machine, and not to blame for his conduct,' that 'there is no
+    high, no low, no good, no bad,' that 'sin is a lesser degree of
+    righteousness,' that 'nothing we can do can injure the soul or
+    retard its progress,' that 'those who act the worst will progress
+    the fastest,' that 'lying is right, slavery is right, murder is
+    right, adultery is right,' that 'whatever is, is right.'
+
+
+    "Hardly can you find a Spiritualist book, paper, lecture, or
+    communication that does not contain some of these pernicious
+    doctrines; in disguise, if not openly. Hundreds of families have
+    been broken up, and many affectionate wives deserted by
+    'affinity-seeking' husbands. Many once devoted wives have been
+    seduced, and left their husbands and tender, helpless children, to
+    follow some 'higher attraction.' Many well-disposed but
+    simple-minded girls have been deluded by 'affinity' notions, and
+    led off by 'affinity hunters,' to be deserted in a few months,
+    with blasted reputations, or led to deeds still more dark and
+    criminal, to hide their shame."
+
+
+The same writer also mentions a fact which shows where the responsibility
+of all this looseness of morals belongs. He says:--
+
+
+    "At the National Spiritual Convention at Chicago, called to
+    consider the question of a national organization, the only plan
+    approved by the committee, especially provided that no charge
+    should ever be entertained against any member, and that any
+    person, without any regard to his or her moral character, might
+    become a member."
+
+
+The fact that no plan could find approval which did not provide that they
+should never be blamed nor called to account for any of their deeds, shows
+on what points they felt the most anxious, and plainly proves that they
+belong to the class of which Christ spoke, who loved darkness rather than
+light, and who would not come to the light lest their deeds should be
+reproved. John 3:19-21.
+
+It is unpleasant to wade through pools of filth, and we therefore spare
+the reader quotations from those Spiritualists who have not only avowed
+the most revolting practices of free love, but openly advocated the same,
+and endeavored to induce others to come out likewise, on the ground that
+they were only honestly and publicly admitting what the others believed
+and practiced in secret. For the same reason we pass by the notorious
+Woodhull and Claflin, and Hull and Jamieson episodes, in this field,
+which, in the illustration and language of another, "burst upon the
+country like a rotten egg three thousand miles in diameter!"
+
+It may be said that these things are in the past and the situation has now
+greatly changed. For the benefit of those who thus flatter themselves we
+introduce one more quotation. It is from "The Law of Psychic Phenomena,"
+by T. J. Hudson (A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago, 1894). The language is
+candid and conciliatory, and the author cannot be accused of any undue
+prejudice on the question of which he speaks. On page 335, he says:--
+
+
+    "I do not charge Spiritualists as a class with being advocates of
+    the doctrines of free love. On the contrary, I am aware that, as a
+    class, they hold the marriage relation in sacred regard. I cannot
+    forget, however, that but a few years ago some of their leading
+    advocates and mediums proclaimed the doctrine of free love in all
+    its hideous deformity from every platform in the land. Nor do I
+    fail to remember that the better class of Spiritualists everywhere
+    repudiated the doctrine, and denounced its advocates and
+    exemplars. Nevertheless the moral virus took effect here and there
+    all over the country, and it is doing its deadly work in secret in
+    many an otherwise happy home. And _I charge a large and constantly
+    growing class of professional mediums with being the leading
+    propagandists_ of the doctrine of _free love_. They infest every
+    community in the land, and it is well known to all men and women
+    who are dissatisfied or unhappy in their marriage relations, that
+    they can always find sympathy by consulting the average medium,
+    and can, moreover, find justification for illicit love by invoking
+    the spirits of the dead through such mediums."
+
+
+We have italicized that passage in the foregoing which shows that the
+deadly evil is still working in secret, and that a large and constantly
+growing number of professionals are aiding and abetting the iniquity.
+
+
+
+
+Dangers Of Mediumship.
+
+
+A few testimonies will show that when one gives himself or herself up to
+the control of the spirits, such ones take a most perilous position. The
+spirits insist on their victims becoming passive, ceasing to resist, and
+yielding their whole wills to them. Some of their persuasive words are
+these: "Come in confidence to us;" "Let our teachings deeply impress you;"
+"You must not doubt what we say;" "Learn of us;" "Obey our directions and
+you will be benefited;" "Seek to obtain knowledge of us;" "Have faith in
+us;" "Fear not to obey;" "Obey us and you will be greatly blessed;" etc.,
+etc. Mesmerists operate in the same way. They gain control of their
+subjects in the same way that the spirits mesmerize their mediums, and
+when under their control, the spirits cause them to see whatever they
+bring before them, and hear according to their wills, and do as they bid.
+And the things they suppose they see and hear, and what they are to do,
+are only such things as exist in the mind of the mesmerizing power. The
+subject is completely at the mercy of the invisible agency; and to put
+one's self there is a most heaven-daring and hazardous act. Mr. Hudson
+("Law of Psychic Phenomena," p. 336) says:--
+
+
+    "To the young whose characters are not formed, and to those whose
+    notions of morality are loose, the dangers of mediumship are
+    _appalling_."
+
+
+To further gain the confidence of mortals, the spirits claim to be the
+ones who answer their prayers. In "Automatic Writing," p. 142, we have
+this:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Will our friends tell us whether from their point of
+    view, there is any real efficacy in prayer?
+
+
+    "_Ans._ [by spirits].--Shall not 'a soul's sincere desire' arouse
+    in discarnate and free spirits effort to make that sincere desire
+    a reality? What good can come from aspirations on mortal planes,
+    save through the efforts to make those aspirations realized on
+    spiritual planes, by the will of freed spirits?"
+
+
+Mediums are unable to resist the powers of the unseen world when once
+under their control. Professor Brittan ("Telegraphic Answer to Mahan," p.
+10), concerning mediumship, says:--
+
+
+    "We may further add in this connection that the trance mediums for
+    spirit intercourse are equally irresponsible. Many of them are
+    totally unable to resist the powers which come to them from the
+    invisible and unknown realms."
+
+
+Dr. Randolph ("Dealings with the Dead," p. 150) shows the dangers of
+mediumship, as follows:--
+
+
+    "I saw that one great cause of the moral looseness of thousands of
+    sensitive-nerved people on earth, resulted from the infernal
+    possessions and obsessions of their persons by delegations from
+    those realms of darkness and (to all but themselves) unmitigated
+    horror. A sensitive man or woman--no matter how virtuously
+    inclined--may, unless by constant prayer and watchfulness they
+    prevent it and keep the will active and the sphere entire, be led
+    into the most abominable practices and habits."
+
+
+This same writer, in the same work, pp. 108, 109, says:--
+
+
+    "Those ill-meaning ones who live just beyond the threshold, often
+    obtain their ends by subtly infusing a semi-sense of volitional
+    power into the minds of their intended victims, so that at last
+    they come to believe themselves to be self-acting, when in fact
+    they are the merest shuttlecocks bandied about between the
+    battledores of knavish devils on one side, and devilish knaves
+    upon the other, and between the two the poor fallen wretches are
+    nearly heart-reft and destroyed."
+
+
+A work by A. J. Davis called "The Diakka, and their Earthly Victims,"
+mentions the nature of these denizens of the spirit world, and their
+wonderful location. The country (to speak after the manner of men) which
+they inhabit, is so large that it would require not less than 1,803,026
+diameters of the earth to span its longitudinal extent. This he had from a
+spirit he calls James Victor Wilson, a profound mathematician! This space
+is occupied by spirits who have passed from earth, who are "morally
+deficient, and affectionally unclean."--_Page_ 7. The same spirit, Wilson,
+describes the diakka as those "who take insane delight in playing parts,
+in juggling tricks, in personating opposite characters to whom prayers and
+profane utterances are of equi-value; surcharged with a passion for
+lyrical narrations; one whose every attitude is instinct with the schemes
+of specious reasoning, sophistry, pride, pleasure, wit, subtle
+convivialities; a boundless disbeliever, one who thinks that all private
+life will end in the all-consuming self-love of God."--_Page 13._ On page
+13 he says further of them, that they are "never resting, never satisfied
+with life, often amusing themselves with jugglery and tricky witticisms,
+invariably victimizing others; secretly tormenting mediums, causing them
+to exaggerate in speech, and to falsify in acts; unlocking and unbolting
+the street doors of your bosom and memory; pointing your feet into wrong
+paths, and far more."
+
+What this "far more" is, we are left to conjecture. The advertisement of
+this book says that it is "an explanation of much that is false and
+repulsive in Spiritualism." W. F. Jamieson, in a Spiritualist paper,
+called these diakka "a troop of devils," and quoted Judge Carter as
+saying: "There is one thing clear, that these diakka, or fantastic or
+mixed spirits, are very numerous and abundant, and take any and every
+opportunity of obtruding themselves."
+
+Hudson Tuttle, author of "Life in Two Spheres" and other Spiritualistic
+works, speaks of "a communication, through a noted medium, to Gerald
+Massey from his 'dog Pip,' the said Pip 'licking the slate and writing
+with a good degree of intelligence.' " He adds, "Mr. Davis would say that
+'Pip' was a 'diakka,' and to-morrow he will communicate as George
+Washington, Theodore Parker, or Balaam's ass. This diakka is flesh, fish,
+or fowl, as you may desire."
+
+Some idea of how the spirits sometimes torment the mediums, as hinted at
+above, may be gained from the following instance. In "Astounding Facts
+from the Spirit World," pp. 253, 254, Dr. Gridley describes the case of a
+medium sixty years of age, living near him in Southampton, Mass. The
+sufferings inflicted upon him "in two months at the hands of evil spirits
+would fill a volume of five hundred pages." Of these sufferings, the
+following are specimens:--
+
+
+    "They forbade his eating, to the very point of starvation. He was
+    a perfect skeleton; they compelled him to walk day and night, with
+    intermissions, to be sure, as their avowed object was to torment
+    him as much and as long as possible. They swore by everything
+    sacred and profane, that they would knock his brains out, always
+    accompanying their threats with blows on the forehead or temples,
+    like that of a mallet in the hands of a powerful man, with this
+    difference, however; the latter would have made him unconscious,
+    while in full consciousness he now endured the indescribable agony
+    of those heavy and oft-repeated blows; they declared they would
+    skin him alive; that he must go to New York and be dissected by
+    inches, all of which he fully believed. They declared that they
+    would bore holes into his brain, when he instantly felt the action
+    suited to the word, as though a dozen augers were being turned at
+    once into his very skull; this done, they would fill his brain
+    with bugs and worms to eat it out, when their gnawing would
+    instantly commence. These spirits would pinch and pound him,
+    twitch him up and throw him down, yell and blaspheme, and use the
+    most obscene language that mortals can conceive; they would
+    declare that they were Christ in one breath, and devils in the
+    next; they would tie him head to foot for a long time together in
+    a most excruciating posture; declare they would wring his neck off
+    because he doubted or refused obedience."
+
+
+Who can doubt that such spirits are the angels of the evil one himself?
+Dr. Gridley in the same work, p. 19, gives the experience of another
+medium, for the truthfulness of which he offers the fullest proof:--
+
+
+    "We have seen the medium evidently possessed by Irishmen and
+    Dutchmen of the lowest grade--heard him repeat Joshua's drunken
+    prayers [Joshua was a strong but brutish man he had known in
+    life], exactly like the original,--imitate his drunkenness in word
+    and deed--try to repeat, or rather act over his most brutal deeds
+    (from which for decency's sake, he was instantly restrained by
+    extraordinary exertion and severe rebuke)--snap and grate his teeth
+    most furiously, strike and swear, while his eyes flashed like the
+    fires of an orthodox perdition. We have heard him hiss, and seen
+    him writhe his body like the serpent when crawling, and dart out
+    his tongue, and play it exactly like that reptile. These
+    exhibitions were intermingled with the most wrangling and horrible
+    convulsions."
+
+
+These descriptions, it would seem, ought to be enough to strike terror to
+any heart at the thought of being a medium. But there is yet another phase
+of the subject that should not be passed by. These fallen spirits who are
+engineering the work of Spiritualism, to maintain their "assumed
+characters," and "play their parts" like the aforesaid diakka, represent
+that disembodied spirits "just over the threshold," still retain the
+characteristics they bore in life, such as a disposition to sensuality and
+licentiousness, love of rum, tobacco, and other vices, and that they can,
+by causing the medium to plunge excessively into these things, thereby
+still gratify their own propensities to indulge in them. The following
+sketch by Hudson Tuttle, a very popular author among Spiritualists, is
+somewhat lengthy, but the idea could not better be presented than by
+giving it entire. In "Life in Two Spheres," pp. 35-37, he says:--
+
+
+    "Reader, have you ever entered the respectable saloon? Have you
+    ever watched the stupid stare of the inebriate when the eye grew
+    less and less lustrous, slowly closing, the muscles relaxing, and
+    the victim of appetite sinking over on the floor in beastly
+    drunkenness? Oh, how dense the fumes of mingled tobacco and
+    alcohol! Oh, what misery confined in those walls! If you have
+    witnessed such scenes, then we need describe no further. If you
+    have not, then you had not better hear the tale of woe. Imagine to
+    yourselves a bar-room with all its sots, and their number
+    multiplied indefinitely, while conscience-seared and bloated
+    fiends stand behind the bar, from whence they deal out death and
+    damnation, and the picture is complete. _One has just arrived from
+    earth._ He is yet uninitiated in the mysteries and miseries of
+    those which, like hungry lions, await him. He died while
+    intoxicated--was frozen while lying in the gutter, and consequently
+    is attracted toward this society. He possessed a good intellect,
+    but it was shattered beyond repair by his debauches.
+
+
+    " 'Ye ar' a fresh one, aint ye?' coarsely queried a sot, just then
+    particularly communicative.
+
+
+    " 'Why, yes, I have just died, as they call it, and 'taint so bad
+    a change after all; only I suppose there'll be dry times here for
+    the want of something stimulant.'
+
+
+    " 'Not so dry; lots of that all the time, and jolly times too.'
+
+
+    " 'Drink! Can you drink, then?'
+
+
+    " 'Yes, we just can, and feel as nice as you please. But all
+    can't, not unless they find one on earth just like them. You go to
+    earth, and mix with your chums; and when you find one whose
+    thoughts you can read, he's your man. Form a connection with him,
+    and when he gets to feeling _good_, you'll feel so too.--There, do
+    you understand me? I always tell all fresh ones the glorious news,
+    for how they would suffer if it wasn't for this blessed thing.'
+
+
+    " 'I'll try, no mistake.'
+
+
+    " 'Here's a covey,' spoke an ulcerous-looking being; 'he's of our
+    stripe. Tim, did you hear what an infernal scrape I got into last
+    night? No, you didn't. Well, I went to our friend Fred's; he
+    didn't want to drink when I found him; his dimes looked so
+    extremely large. Well, I _destroyed that feeling_, and made him
+    think he was dry. He drank, and drank, more than I wanted him to,
+    until I was so drunk that I could not break my connection with
+    him, or control his mind. He undertook to go home, fell into the
+    snow, and came near freezing to death. I suffered awfully, ten
+    times as much as when I died.'... Reader, we draw the curtain over
+    scenes like these, such as are daily occurring in this society."
+
+
+In these cases the whole evil of the indulgences of course falls upon the
+mediums; and who would wish to assume personal relation with such a world,
+and be forced to bear in their own bodies the evils of the unhallowed
+indulgences of unseen spirits, against their will?
+
+Other scenes represented as taking place in the spirit land, are most
+grotesque and silly and would be taken as a burlesque upon Spiritualism,
+were they not put forth in all gravity by the friends and advocates of
+that so-called new revelation. Thus Judge Edmunds, giving an account of
+what he had seen in the spirit world, mentions the case of an old woman
+busy churning, who promised him, if he would call again, a drink of
+buttermilk; he speaks of men fighting, of courtezans trying to continue
+their lewd conduct; of a mischievous boy who split a dog's tail open, and
+put a stick in it, just to witness its misery; of the owner of the dog,
+who, attracted by its cries, discovered the cause, and beat the boy, who
+fled, but was pursued and beaten and kicked far up the road. See Edmund's
+"Spiritualism," Vol. II, pp. 135-144, 181, 182, 186, 189. Surely here are
+the diakka playing their pranks in all their glory.
+
+
+
+
+Miscellaneous Teaching.
+
+
+On the leading points of faith as held by Christians generally, quotations
+have been given to show sufficiently what the spirits teach, and the
+object they are trying to effect. But the reader will be interested to
+learn what they teach on some other points which incidentally appear in
+their communications.
+
+Spiritualists object most strenuously to the idea of unconsciousness in
+death, or to the Bible declaration, "The dead know not anything." But the
+spirits themselves teach this very thing. Thus Judge Edmunds, Vol. II,
+Appendix B, p. 524, quotes the confession of a spirit that he was totally
+unconscious for a time, he could not tell how long, and awoke to
+consciousness gradually; and that the state of unconsciousness differs
+with different persons, depending on circumstances. A. J. Davis admits
+that Professor Webster was eight days and a half unconscious.--_"__Death
+and the After Life,__"__ pp. 18, 19._
+
+Through Mrs. Conant, medium, in _Banner of Light_, June 3, 1865, we have
+this information: "It is said that some spirits require a thousand years
+to awake to consciousness. Is this true?--Yes, this is true." In "Automatic
+Writing," p. 93, the spirits teach the same thing to-day. If others deny
+such statements, it only shows that their testimony is contradictory and
+therefore unreliable.
+
+Again, the Bible doctrine that the incorrigibly wicked must cease from
+conscious existence, is denounced by Spiritualists; but on this point the
+spirits confess also:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Do I understand you to say that a diakka is one who
+    believes in ultimate annihilation?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Only yesterday one said to a lady medium, signing himself
+    'Swedenborg,' this: 'Whatsoever is, has been, will be, or may be,
+    _that_ I AM, and private life is but the aggregative phantasms of
+    thinking throblets rushing in their rising onward to the central
+    heart of eternal death.'--_"__Diakka__"__ p. 11._
+
+
+    "_Q._--Does every human being continue life on higher planes?
+
+
+    "_A._--Shall not all who are abortions die?"
+
+
+    "_Q._--Do you mean that some born on this plane may spiritually die
+    from lack of force to persist?
+
+
+    "_A._--Yes--both women and men are born into the divine humanity who
+    must necessarily perish, because they have not sufficient soul
+    strength to persist."--_"__Automatic Writing,__"__ pp. 101, 102._
+
+
+There is, it seems, a purgatory in the spirit world. In answer to a
+question, a spirit replied:--
+
+
+    "There is a sphere in spirit life allotted to those who leave the
+    earthly plane in spiritual ignorance, which is _not pleasing_ to
+    dwell upon, yet which is absolutely necessary to spiritual soul
+    growth."--_Id., p. 90._
+
+
+Spiritualism is claimed to settle the question of immortality; but the
+spirits confess themselves ignorant of it:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--On your plane do you arrive at certainty in regard to
+    immortality?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--We here are as _ignorant as you are_ as to the ultimate of
+    existence. Immortality is still an _undetermined issue_. One life
+    at a time seems as pertinent with us as with you."--_Id., p. 103._
+
+
+The spirits' heaven, it seems, is not so desirable a place that it
+prevents their being homesick.
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Why are you homesick?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Have not found out the real reason; things are so
+    different from former ideas."--_Id., p. 111._
+
+
+Spirits are not allowed to tell too much about their condition, as the
+following question and answer show:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Can't you tell us what makes it pleasanter,--describe so
+    we can understand?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--You'll find out as I did--_'gainst the rules here to
+    tell_.... Just be patient--it's all easy enough when you learn how.
+    I was puzzled, but it all seems straight enough now."--_Id., p.
+    115._
+
+
+They teach the pre-existence of souls, and the old pagan doctrines of the
+reincarnation of souls, and the final absorption of all into Nirvana. A
+spirit having answered that all had been asserted in some other form,
+questions and answers followed from which we quote:--
+
+
+    "_Q._--Is that statement an intimation of the truth of
+    reincarnation?
+
+
+    "_A._--Souls of all who have preceded you are centered in you in
+    spite of your childish protests. Ask not of those predecessors;
+    for they yet live in you, and you in them.... Long ago you and I
+    went over the ground under eminent names.... Were not we together
+    when Socrates and Aspasia talked?"--_Id., pp. 151, 152._
+
+
+    "_Q._--Can you tell us, at least, whether spirit, as a whole or in
+    its individual atoms, exists eternally?
+
+
+    "_A._--Yes; spirit as a whole is eternal--exists--did exist--by force
+    of Powers you cannot understand. But you as individual,
+    self-conscious, atomistic particles of spirit wholeness, are not
+    eternal, and must return to the Primal Source."--_Id., p. 133._
+
+
+
+
+Spirits Cannot Be Identified.
+
+
+Having now sufficiently examined the teaching of the spirits, a final
+question arises in regard to them, whether it is possible to identify
+them, and determine with any absolute certainty whether they are the
+spirits of the particular individuals they claim to be, or even spirits of
+the dead at all, or not. It should be distinctly borne in mind, always,
+that evil angels, whose existence has been proved from the Bible, whose
+nature and delight is to deceive, can walk the earth unseen, imitate and
+personate any individual, and reveal their characteristics of thought,
+writing, acts, form, and features, and make so perfect a counterfeit as to
+defy detection. How, then, can it be told what spirit it is, even though
+it shows the face and features of some well-known friend? On this topic,
+as on preceding questions, Spiritualists themselves may produce the
+evidence. President Mahan ("Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen," p. 13)
+remarks:--
+
+
+    "Certain experiments have been made, in order to determine whether
+    spirits are present. Individuals go in as inquirers, and get
+    definite answers--in the first place, from _departed spirits_ of
+    persons _yet living_; in the second place, from departed spirits
+    of persons who _never existed_ here or anywhere else; in the third
+    place, from the departed spirits of brute beasts."
+
+
+When it is considered, as already noted, that spirits do their work
+through mesmeric power, it is easy to understand how the medium is made to
+believe that such and such a spirit is communicating when it is not so at
+all. This question of identity came up in the very early stages of
+Spiritualism, and is no nearer settled, on their own confession, now than
+then. A Mr. Hobart, in 1856, who claimed to be the first Spiritualist in
+Michigan, made the following admission:--
+
+
+    "The spirit sometimes _assumes_ the name of an individual
+    belonging to the same church, to induce them to hear. This is
+    necessary with some who are so bigoted they would not believe
+    unless a name was assumed which they respected."
+
+
+An article in the _Spiritual Telegraph_, of July 11, 1857, begins as
+follows:--
+
+
+    "The question is continually being asked, especially by novitiates
+    in spiritual investigations, How shall we know that the spirits
+    who communicate with us are really the ones whom they purport to
+    be?... In giving the results of our own experience and observation
+    upon this subject, we would premise that spirits unquestionably
+    can, and often do, personate other spirits, and that, too, often
+    with such perfection as, for the time being, to defy every effort
+    to detect the deception.... If direct tests are demanded at all,
+    we would recommend that they be asked for the purpose of proving
+    that the manifesting influence is that of _a spirit_, rather than
+    to prove what _particular_ spirit is the agent of its production."
+
+
+This is an entire begging of the whole matter in question; for it is not
+denied that it is _a_ spirit; we want to know what _particular_ spirit it
+is; but for that we must not ask; for it cannot be ascertained. The same
+article states that other and lower spirits often crowd in and take the
+place of the spirit communicating, without the knowledge of the medium. We
+might also quote "Spiritualism as It Is," p. 14, that "not one per cent.
+of the manifestations have had a higher origin than the first and second
+spheres, which are filled with low, ignorant, deceptive, mischievous,
+selfish, egotistical spirits;" and "Dealings with the Dead," p. 225, that
+"the fact is, good spirits do not appear one tenth as often as imagined."
+
+Jan. 7, 1888, the following appeared in the _Banner of Light_:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--What is the cause of our receiving inconsistent and
+    untruthful communications? Does the blame, if any there is, rest
+    with us or the controlling intelligence?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--There are spirits who delight in imposing upon mortals;
+    they realize their power outside of material things, and that
+    those who seek knowledge from them _cannot see nor get hold of
+    them_; therefore to an extent they exercise a certain power over
+    those mortals who approach; and if the mortals are themselves
+    tricky by nature, insincere, ready to take advantage of others,
+    whether it be at the time of sitting or in their daily life, rest
+    assured they may be imposed upon by spirits from the other side
+    who occupy a like plane of existence with themselves."
+
+
+Mediums themselves will not trust the spirits, according to statements
+made as late as 1896. Mrs. S. A. Underwood, medium, in "Automatic
+Writing," p. 55, says:--
+
+
+    "With all my experience in it, I would not to-day venture upon any
+    change, business venture, friendship, or line of conduct, advised
+    from this source, unless my own common material sense endorsed it.
+    Indeed, I would not take as fact any of its even reasonable advice
+    without question, because it is not reliable as a guide in earthly
+    affairs."
+
+
+Spirit communication, then, certainly does not amount to much as a
+heavenly instructor, a celestial guide to enlighten the ignorance of men.
+Whatever we know ourselves, we may rely upon; all else is uncertain.
+Again, on p. 56, she says:--
+
+
+    "Then the assumption of great names by apparently common-place
+    minds is a very strange thing. I was horrified and annoyed when
+    this occurred under my own hand, because that is one of the things
+    which disgusted me with spiritual messages before this writing
+    came to me, as I had occasionally glanced over such messages. When
+    I protested against such assumption, I was told that 'Elaine and
+    Guinevere' were not real beings, but types. So somewhere in our
+    sphere are spirits who embody cleverness in creations of their own
+    fancy, and adopt names suited to that fancy."
+
+
+Thus the spirits themselves confess that the names they often assume are
+not those of real beings, but typical and fanciful. Nothing more, it would
+seem, is necessary to complete the condemnation of Spiritualism, so far as
+its own nature is concerned. When in addition to all else, it appears that
+the spirits cannot be identified; that the whole underlying claim that the
+spirits are the spirits of the dead, must itself be assumed; and that,
+too, in the face of the numberless known falsehoods and deceptions that
+are constantly issuing from the unseen realm,--there is nothing left for it
+to stand upon.
+
+
+
+
+
+                               Chapter Six.
+
+
+ITS PROMISES: HOW FULFILLED.
+
+
+It is fair to call Spiritualism to account as to the fulfilment of the
+promises involved in its challenge to the world when it stepped upon the
+stage of action. No movement ever opened with more magnificent promises.
+It posed before the world as an angel of heavenly light. It claimed to be
+the second coming of Christ. It claimed to have been sent to regenerate
+mankind, and renovate the world. We give herewith a few of its
+spirit-inspired pretensions. Its "Declaration of Principles," Article 20,
+says:--
+
+
+    "The hearty and intelligent convictions of these truths [the
+    teachings of spirits] tend to energize the soul in all that is
+    good and elevating, and to restrain from all that is evil and
+    impure, ... to quicken all philanthropic impulses, stimulating to
+    enlightened and unselfish labors for universal good."
+
+
+In behalf of the cause of woman it says:--
+
+
+    "Spiritualism has done more for the advancement of true womanhood
+    than the Church or any of its accessories."--_Dr. Watson, in Banner
+    of Light, April 16, 1887._
+
+
+Miss A. L. Lull, in the _Religio-Philosophical Journal_ of Jan. 23, 1886,
+said:--
+
+
+    "Spiritualism is the saviour of humanity, because it is reaching
+    out toward the criminal, and in its effort to lift humanity to a
+    higher plane, it is laying the foundation for future
+    generations.... Spiritualism comes to cleanse out the dregs and
+    wretchedness of humanity."
+
+
+Mrs. Cora L. V. Richmond, in a mediumistic discourse reported in the
+_Banner of Light_, April 3, 1886, said:--
+
+
+    "The Great Reformer of the world is Spiritualism.... When modern
+    Spiritualism made its appearance, it said in so many words, I come
+    to reform the world.... Spiritualism came to put the ax at the
+    root of the tree of human evil, it came to decide upon the most
+    important and vital thing connected with existence; _i. e._, Is
+    man only an evanescent, material, earthly being, or is he
+    immortal?... Spiritualism came to reform death, to resolve it into
+    life; came to reform fear, to resolve it into trust and knowledge;
+    came to reform the darkness which rests upon humanity concerning
+    the nature of man's existence."
+
+
+In the same paper, April 6, 1887, was given the following prediction of
+the future of Spiritualism:--
+
+
+    "Modern Spiritualism will grow, and deepen, and broaden, and
+    strengthen, until all false creeds and dogmas shall be swept from
+    the earth--when faith shall be buried in knowledge, when war shall
+    be known no more, when universal brotherhood shall prevail to
+    bless mankind."
+
+
+In "Nineteenth Century Miracles," p. 79, M. Jaubert speaks as follows:--
+
+
+    "Affirm to your people that man never dies, that his immortality
+    is proved, not by books but by material and tangible facts, of
+    which every one can convince himself; that anon our houses of
+    correction, and our prisons, will disappear; suicide will be
+    erased from our mortuary tables; and nobly borne, the calamities
+    of earth shall no longer produce madness."
+
+
+Mrs. R. S. Lillie, in a speech at the Thirty-eighth Anniversary services
+in Horticultural Hall, Boston, Mass., and reported in the _Banner of
+Light_, of April, 1886, said:--
+
+
+    "Christianity never had a Pentecost to be compared with modern
+    Spiritualism. The latter is as far in advance of the former, as
+    the electric light is in advance of the tallow dip of the past;
+    for it is nineteen centuries ahead of it."
+
+
+These are most astounding claims; and if there is any truth in them,
+Spiritualism ought to have shown itself as a great uplifting moral power,
+provided it has been able to get any foothold among the people. We
+therefore inquire what its success has been. On this point Professor Keck,
+at the Thirty-ninth Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, at Bridgeport,
+Conn. (_Banner of Light_, April 9, 1887), said:--
+
+
+    "It [Spiritualism] has made converts of more scientific men and
+    profound thinkers than any other sect in the world. In thirty-nine
+    years it has grown to ten or fifteen millions of believers, with
+    thousands of mediums, a literature printed in every known
+    language, and converts in every quarter of the globe."
+
+
+With all these facilities and all this success, it surely has been able to
+make good its claims, and fulfil its promises, if its nature is such as it
+assumes, and its promises are good for anything; and its course should be
+marked by a great decrease of crime, by the promotion of virtue and a
+general improvement in the moral tone of society, wherever it has gone.
+For nearly fifty years it has now been operating in the world; and with
+all its glowing professions of what it was able to do, and its millions of
+converts, "energized to all that is good and elevating," its impress for
+good should everywhere be seen.
+
+But what are the facts?--Just the reverse of what has been promised. Free
+love, which is free lust, has followed in its wake; homes have been
+ruined, families scattered, characters blighted; while insanity and
+suicide have been the fate, or the last resort, of too many of its
+victims. And outside of its own ranks, in the world at large, the fifty
+years since the advent of Spiritualism have been years of increase of
+crime and every evil in a fast growing ratio. Liquor drinking, tobacco
+using, gambling, prostitution, defalcations, robberies, bribery, municipal
+corruption, divorces, thefts, insanity, suicide, and murder, have
+increased in far more rapid ratio than the population itself.
+
+The reader will remember the testimony of Dr. Randolph, p. 105, that five
+of his friends destroyed themselves, and he attempted it for himself, by
+direct spirit influences. The Philadelphia _Record_, of Feb. 17, 1894,
+speaks of the suicide of May Brooklyn in San Francisco, Cal.:--
+
+
+    "The letters and papers left by the dead woman show plainly that
+    in her grief over the death of Lovecraft she had dabbled in
+    Spiritualism, and had finally reached the conclusion that her only
+    chance of happiness lay in joining her lover in the other world."
+
+
+A few figures, as samples, will be given just to emphasize the general
+statements. The following is from the Chicago _Tribune_ of Jan. 1, 1893:--
+
+
+    "The number of persons who have committed suicide in the United
+    States during the year (1892), as gathered from telegraph and mail
+    report to the _Tribune_, is 3860, as compared with 3331 last year
+    (1891), 2640 in 1890, and 2224 in 1889. The total is much larger
+    than that of any of the eleven preceding years."
+
+
+The _Christian Reformer_ gives the following figures of murders, suicides,
+and embezzlements from 1891-1893:--
+
+
+    "Murders in 1893, 6615; increase over 1891 of 709.
+
+
+    "Suicides in 1893, 4436; increase over 1892, 576; 1891, 1105.
+
+
+    "Funds embezzled in 1893, $19,929,692; increase of 100 per cent.
+    over 1892."
+
+
+It may be asked, What has this to do with Spiritualism?--It is a test of
+the value of its promises. Spiritualism has been posing for fifty years as
+the "world's reformer," the great energizing, uplifting force to elevate
+mankind, the mighty power which has come to empty our workhouses and
+prisons, abolish suicides and all crime, the "electric light" compared
+with the "tallow dip" of the gospel. And yet with all these claims, with
+its millions of adherents, and the funds and influence at its command, it
+is allowing, year by year, crime to increase much faster than the
+population. Now if Spiritualism was the purifying, renovating power which
+it claims to be, such results could not have been seen. It is very
+evident, that, as a power in the world in behalf of righteousness and
+humanity, it has been of no account; and as between the forces of good and
+evil, its weight has been on the side of evil instead of good. It is thus
+that the author of Spiritualism, the father of deception, fulfils the
+promises made through that channel to deceive mankind. What organized,
+aggressive efforts against evil has Spiritualism ever shown? Where are its
+schools and colleges? Where are its hospitals and benevolent institutions?
+Where are its organized charities? and what are its millions of members
+doing to relieve suffering and distress, and turn men to better ways of
+living? The very aspect it presents to the world to-day, stamps the brand
+of Cain upon its brow. The Boston _Herald_ of Dec. 17, 1874, said:--
+
+
+    "Let Spiritualism produce some idea, utter some word, or perform
+    some deed, which will have novelty, and yet be of manifest value
+    to the human race, and it will make good its claims to our serious
+    consideration. But it has not done this. For nearly thirty years
+    it has been before the world in its present shape, and in all that
+    time, with all its asserted command of earthly and
+    superterrestrial knowledge, it has never done an act, or breathed
+    a syllable, or supplied an idea which had any value as a
+    contribution to the welfare of the race, or to its stock of
+    knowledge. Its messages from learned men who are dead, have been
+    the silliest bosh; its stories about life upon the planets are
+    wretched guesses, many of which can be proved false by the
+    astronomer; its visions have frightened scores of people into
+    madhouses, and made semi-lunatics of hundreds of others."
+
+
+If this charge was good as late as 1874, it is equally so at the present
+time. And thus are we forced to the conclusion that Spiritualism, judged
+by the light of its fair promises, is one of the most lamentable of
+delusions, and most stupendous of failures.
+
+
+
+
+
+                              Chapter Seven.
+
+
+SPIRITUALISM A SUBJECT OF PROPHECY.
+
+
+We come now to one of the most timely and important features of this whole
+subject; for God in his word has foretold and forewarned the world of the
+movement here passing under review. He has made known the time when it
+should appear, the character it would bear, and the work it is to do. He
+has also connected this with the great event of all-overshadowing
+importance to this world, of which it is a startling sign and sure
+precursor; namely, the second coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. We ask the
+special attention of the reader to this part of the subject.
+
+A word of digression may be allowed as to the place which prophecy holds
+in the word of God. Prophecy is that feature of the sacred volume which
+constitutes it a lamp to our feet and a light to our path. Ps. 119:105; 2
+Peter 1:19. It is that which enables that word to be a guide to the hosts
+of Israel through the weary journey and the gloomy shades of time, giving
+to every era its "present truth," and showing the progress of the
+slow-revolving ages toward the great consummation. It is the golden
+credential which the Bible holds up to the world of its genuineness and
+authenticity.
+
+Prophecy is peculiar to the Christian Scriptures. No other so-called
+sacred books contain this feature. It is not found in the Vedas, Shasters,
+or Puranas of the Hindus, nor the Zend Avestas of the Parsees, nor the
+Kojiki Nohonki, of the Shintos of Japan, nor the law books of Manu, nor
+the Koran of the Mohammedans, nor the Kan-Ying-Peen or Tao-Te-King of the
+Chinese, nor the Tripitakas of the Buddhists. The reason is obvious.
+Neither the minds of men nor of angels, either good or bad, can read the
+future. Divine omniscience alone can see the end from the beginning and
+foretell the great events that shall mark the history of the world, and
+affect the interests of the church. It is this that stamps the Bible as
+divine, and lifts it immeasurably above all other books. It is indeed
+passing strange that all cannot see this. Instead of being a book that
+grows obsolete and out of date with the passing years, like the
+productions of men, it is the only book ever seen upon the earth which is
+ever abreast of the times in every age, and lifts the veil of the future
+before him who honestly and reverently seeks its pages for a knowledge of
+the truth. Those who ignore or despise the prophecies, rob the Bible of
+one of the brightest stars in its crown of glory.
+
+To be entitled to claim credit as divine, any book or system should be
+able to show that it can correctly foretell the future. The spirits see
+this, and, knowing that they cannot do it, discountenance and discourage
+all such efforts. Here is a little of their teaching on the subject:--
+
+
+    "_Ques._--Why are so many predictions made through mediums, which
+    prove false?
+
+
+    "_Ans._--Wonderful _guesses_ are sometimes made by daring spirits.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Can you tell us anything of the future?
+
+
+    "_A._--Pharos says you must not ask questions of the future--spirits
+    who _prophesy_ are _not good_ spirits.
+
+
+    "_Q._--Do you mean that it is not best for us to know the future?
+
+
+    "_A._--Souls on your plane are undergoing discipline, and it would
+    cost more than it is worth to foretell the future of your
+    state."--_"__Automatic Writing,__"__ pp. 141, 142._
+
+
+Spiritualists rail at God for prohibiting from Adam and Eve, in the
+garden, the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, to keep them in
+ignorance. What will they say to these spirits who coolly answer that "it
+would cost more than it is worth" to give them any knowledge of future
+events? This, perhaps, they will consider all right because it isn't God
+who says it.
+
+1. Let us then see what God has said of the time and work and significance
+of Spiritualism. Over seven hundred years before Christ, the prophet
+Isaiah wrote of our time, as follows: "And when they shall say unto you,
+Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep and
+that mutter, should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to
+the dead? To the law and to the testimony; if they speak not according to
+this word, it is because there is no light in them."
+
+Here is certainly a prophecy that a time would come when just such a work
+as Spiritualism is now doing would be a distinguishing feature of the age.
+The present must be the time referred to, because it has never been so in
+any past age; and the present meets the specifications in every
+particular. It shows that the only safety for any one now is to seek unto
+his God, and make the law and the testimony, the word of God, the great
+standard by which to try all spirits. 1 John 4:1. And another great event
+is directly connected with this, that is, the second coming of Christ; for
+according to verses 16-18, the disciples are then looking for him.
+
+2. Matt. 24:24: "For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets,
+and shall show great signs and wonders; insomuch that, if it were
+possible, they shall deceive the very elect."
+
+A deception of no ordinary power is here brought to view. It really
+results in the division of Christendom; for all but the elect are carried
+away by it. In its own claims, Spiritualism fulfils the "Christs" and
+"prophets" part of the declaration, claiming of course to be true, while
+the Bible says it is "false." The signs and wonders are beginning to be
+seen in the many "inexplicable" phenomena attending Spiritualism. But many
+more startling exhibitions, as will be presently shown, are yet to appear.
+We charge upon Spiritualism, so far, the fulfilment of this prophecy. But
+mark! this occurs when the Son of man is about to appear "as the lightning
+cometh out of the east, and shineth even unto the west" (verse 27); and it
+is one of the prominent signs of that event. See the prophecy from verse
+23 to verse 35. Mark and Luke also dwell upon the same prediction, as
+gathered from the lips of our Lord himself.
+
+3. Heb. 10:28, 29: "He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under
+two or three witnesses. Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he
+be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath
+counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy
+thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?"
+
+It is the bold stand which Spiritualism has taken against Christ and the
+atonement, that makes this scripture applicable to that work. The apostle
+is speaking of the times when the great "day is approaching" (verse 25);
+when it is but a little while, and he that shall come, will come and will
+not tarry (verse 37), and the introduction of verse 29, in such a
+connection, becomes a prophecy that such an outbreak against Christ and
+his atoning work would be seen when he is about to come again. And the
+fulfilment we are now beholding in Spiritualism.
+
+4. Rev. 12:12: "Woe to the inhabiters of the earth and of the sea! for the
+devil is come down unto you, having great wrath, because he knoweth that
+he hath but a short time."
+
+This scripture locates itself. It is when Satan knows that he has but a
+little time to work, and hence it must be in the last days. At this time
+he descends upon the world in an avalanche of wrath. "Wrath" is a
+misleading term. The words {~GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER MU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON WITH OXIA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~} {~GREEK SMALL LETTER MU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH OXIA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER NU~} signify the strongest and most
+intense emotion of the mind. If the object is to accomplish some
+particular end, they would indicate the most intense, concentrated,
+energetic, and persistent efforts to that purpose, using every means, and
+bringing to bear every influence to reach the result in question. Satan,
+as we have seen, has an object in deceiving the human family, as far as
+possible, to their destruction, by signs and wonders. In this work,
+according to the prophecy before us, he will go to the extent of his
+power, and show his most potent signs. Bringing the supposed forms and
+features of the dead before living witnesses, is his most successful
+method at the present time. But as this work is, as yet, done largely in
+the dark, it gives more room for jugglery and imposition. The time will
+come, however, when, in open light, counterfeit materializations of the
+dead will swarm on earth, and deceive, if it were possible, the very
+elect--_i.e._, all who cannot meet the deception with the potent weapon--"It
+is written, The dead know not anything, neither have they any more a
+portion forever [in the present state of things] in anything that is done
+under the sun."
+
+5. Rev. 13:13, 14: "And he doeth great wonders, so that he maketh fire
+come down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men, and deceiveth them
+that dwell on the earth by the means of those miracles which he had power
+to do."
+
+This prophecy relates to some earthly government represented by a symbol
+with two horns like a lamb. Verse 11. It is part of a prophecy beginning
+with chapter twelve, and ending with verse 5 of chapter fourteen. It is
+not the place here to introduce an exposition of this prophecy. It is only
+necessary to state that the position taken is that the lamblike symbol
+represents our own government, the United States of America.(4) And the
+great wonders that he does, apply to the marvelous manifestations of
+Spiritualism. It is a significant fact that Spiritualism arose in this
+country, thus fitting itself exactly to the prophecy. The climax of the
+wonders brought to view in the text, making "fire come down from heaven on
+the earth in the sight of men," has not yet been reached. More is
+therefore to be developed. Yea, this wonder-working power is to go forward
+till that which, in the time of Elijah, was the test between the false god
+Baal and the Lord Jehovah, is brought to pass, and fire is made to come
+down from heaven on the earth in the sight of men. And the sad feature of
+this case will be that the multitudes, not perceiving the change of issue,
+will take the act down here to be a test of truth, as it was in the days
+of Elijah.
+
+Taken in connection with other portions of the book of Revelation, this
+prophecy reveals clearly what the agency that works the miracles is. The
+dragon, representing paganism (Rev. 12:3, 4); the beast, representing the
+papacy (Rev. 13:1-10); and the lamblike symbol, representing
+Protestantism, or more specifically, Protestant America (Rev. 13:11-17),
+constitute the symbols of this prophecy. For convenience, let us designate
+them as _A_, _B_, and _C_; respectively. _C_ works his miracles in sight
+of _B_; _B_ and _C_ are again brought to view in Rev. 19:20, and there _C_
+is called "the false prophet." We know the false prophet here is the same
+as _C_, because he works miracles before _B_, the same as _C_ does in
+chapter 13:14. All together, _A_, _B_, and _C_ are brought to view in Rev.
+16:13, and unclean spirits like frogs are said to come out of their
+mouths; and then verse 14 tells what they are: "For they are spirits of
+devils, working miracles." This, then, not the spirits of dead men, is the
+agency that works the miracles of chapter 13:13, 14. We follow the subject
+so far, at this point, merely to identify the agency that works the
+miracles, and shall have more to say upon it. But before passing, we would
+remind the reader that here also the subject is connected with the second
+coming of Christ; for the prophecy of Revelation 13 ends with the
+redemption of the church which immediately follows. Rev. 14:1-5.
+
+6. 2 Thess. 2:9-12: "Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan,
+with all power and signs and lying wonders, and with all deceivableness of
+unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of
+the truth, that they might be saved. And for this cause God shall send
+them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: that they all might
+be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in
+unrighteousness."
+
+Here, again, we have the great fact brought out with still more startling
+emphasis, that there is to be a great outbreaking of Satanic power among
+men, just before and up to, the coming of Christ. And if we already see
+the preliminary and even far-advanced working of this power in
+Spiritualism, the world should stand aghast at the perils of the times in
+which we live. The coming of Christ is brought to view in verse 8, and
+verse 9 states that at that time Satan will be working with all power. The
+common version is calculated to obscure this passage. The words "even him"
+(verse 9) are wrongly and unnecessarily supplied. Literally rendered, the
+last clause of verse 8, and the first of verse 9 would read as follows:
+"Whom the Lord ... shall destroy with the brightness of his [Christ's]
+coming; of whom [Christ] the coming is, after [or at the time of] the
+working of Satan," etc. The word "after" is from, the Greek {~GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU~}{~GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA~} (_kata_),
+which when referring to time, as in this case, does not mean "after or
+according to," but "within the range of, during, in the course of, at,
+about," as in 2 Tim. 4:1, where it is rendered "at."
+
+So here is a plain declaration that at the very time when Christ comes
+Satan will be working in the hight of his power, by signs and lying
+wonders (wonders to prove a lie) to keep the people under falsehood and
+deception. Verses 10-12 tell who his victims are, and why they become
+such: they are those who preferred the pleasures of sin to the practice of
+righteousness, and so would not receive the truth, nor the love of it. In
+all such cases God's throne is clear. He always, as in this case, sets
+truth first before the people, gives them a chance, and calls upon them to
+embrace it, and be saved. But when men, as free moral agents, whom God
+will not force into his kingdom, refuse to receive the truth, shut their
+eyes, close their ears, and steel their hearts against it, and find their
+pleasure in unrighteousness, in going in just the opposite direction;--what
+can God do for them? We leave the skeptic himself to answer. For more
+years than Spiritualism, in its present phase, has been before the world,
+several religious bodies have made a specialty of the great Bible truth
+concerning the state of the dead, and life only in Christ, which
+effectually shields all those who receive it against the rapping delusion.
+
+7. Rev. 18:2: "And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon
+the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils,
+and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful
+bird."
+
+Among the many predictions given in the word of God touching the last
+days, is one which foretokens a wide-spread and lamentable declension in
+the religious world. The phrase which embodies it, is the one just quoted,
+"Babylon is fallen." The term "Babylon" is not intended nor used as a term
+of reproach, but rather as a descriptive word setting forth the very
+undesirable condition of "mixture" and "confusion" in the religious world.
+It is certainly not the Lord's will, who prayed that all his people should
+be one, that scores or hundreds of divisions and sects should exist within
+his church. That is owing, exclaims the Catholic, to the Protestant rule
+of private judgment. It is not. It is owing to that Pandora's box of
+mystical interpretation placed in the church by old Origen, that prince of
+mischief-makers. By this method, which has no method and no standard, the
+interpretations of God's word will ever be as various and numerous as the
+whims and fancies that may find a place in the minds of men.
+
+But all this confusion must be remedied in that church which will be ready
+for the second advent; for no people will be prepared for translation but
+such as worship the Lord in both _spirit_ and _truth_. To bring the church
+to this point, a call has been sent to Christendom in the special truths
+for this time. Most turn away, but some are taking the stand to which
+these circumstances summon them. The process is simple. It is but to read
+and obey God's word in the light of what is called the literal rule of
+interpretation. No other rule would ever have been thought of, if the
+Devil had let the minds of men alone. By this rule the true Sabbath would
+always have been maintained a perfect safeguard against idolatry in the
+earth; the law would have held its place as a perfect, immutable, and
+eternal rule of conduct, a safeguard against the antinomianism of all ages
+and the Spiritualism of to-day; the view that the dead remain unconscious
+in the grave till the resurrection, would always have been held, and then
+there could have been no purgatory, no masses for the dead, no Mariolatry,
+no saint worship--in short, no Roman Catholicism, and no Universalism, nor
+Spiritualism; the true nature of the coming and kingdom of Christ would
+not have been lost sight of, and the peace and safety fable of a temporal
+millennium never could have existed.
+
+To say nothing of other errors that would be corrected, suppose all
+Christendom stood together on these four simple truths, how much division
+could there have been in the Christian world? A second denomination could
+not have existed. And what would have been the condition of things?--As
+different from the present condition as one can well imagine--no paganism,
+no Roman Catholicism, no Protestantism, no multiplied sects, no
+Spiritualism,--but Christianity, broad, united, free, and glorious. Some
+are taking their stand on these truths, and so will be shielded from the
+delusions of these last days, for which the way, by ages of superstition
+and error, has been so artfully prepared. Every one must stand upon them
+who is governed by the literal rule of interpretation; for they are read
+in so many words out of the sacred volume itself. But the churches
+generally reject them, often with bitterness, scorn, and contempt, and
+some even with persecution. And this is why Babylon has fallen.
+
+That organization, called in Rev. 17:5: "Mystery, Babylon the Great, the
+Mother of Harlots and Abominations of the Earth," has been very generally
+applied by Protestants to the Roman Catholic Church; but if that church is
+the mother, who are the daughters? This question has been asked for many
+years. Alexander Campbell said:--
+
+
+    "The worshiping establishments now in operation throughout
+    Christendom, incased and cemented by their voluminous confessions
+    of faith, and their ecclesiastical constitutions, are not churches
+    of Jesus Christ, but the legitimate daughters of that mother of
+    harlots--the Church of Rome."
+
+
+Lorenzo Dow said:--
+
+
+    "We read not only of Babylon, but of the whore of Babylon, styled
+    the mother of harlots, which is supposed to mean the Romish
+    church. If she be a mother, who are her daughters? It must be the
+    corrupt national established churches that came out of her."
+
+
+The great sin charged against Babylon, is unlawful connection with the
+kings of the earth. The church should be entirely free from the state. But
+now the churches of America, which have for long years borne so noble a
+part, are clamoring for a union with the state, calling for a recognition
+of God's name in the Constitution, and God's law in the courts, and that
+the government be run on Christian lines. Old, antiquated laws which they
+find upon the statute books of various States, they are beginning to use
+to persecute those who differ in belief with them; and they seek for the
+enactment of more stringent Sunday laws for the same purpose. And when
+they shall succeed in getting full control of the state, they will have
+severed the last link that has held them to their high estate, show
+themselves true members of the Babylonian family, and sink in spirit and
+practice to the level of the elder Rome.
+
+Rev. 14:8 was fulfilled in 1844.(5) Since then the churches have been
+going down in spirituality and godliness, catering more and more to the
+world, indulging in carnal amusements, festivals, wife auctions, and
+kissing bees, to the very border line of decency, but especially filling
+up with the influences mentioned in Rev. 18:2, till the leaven of
+Spiritualism is fast penetrating the whole mass. Yet there are a multitude
+of God's people connected with these churches, who deplore the situation,
+and for whom a crisis is approaching. The cry is again to be raised,
+"Babylon is fallen, come out of her my people." We verily believe the time
+has come when that call should be made and heeded; for a little further
+progress in the evil path upon which we have entered, will surely provoke
+the just judgments of heaven. Verses 4, 5.
+
+8. 2 Tim. 3:8: "Now as Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses, so do these
+also resist the truth: men of corrupt minds, reprobate concerning the
+faith."
+
+The first five verses of this chapter portray a dark list of eighteen sins
+which will characterize professed Christians in the last days; for those
+who bear the characters described, have a _form of godliness_, but deny
+the power thereof. The three following verses plainly describe certain
+members of the spiritualistic fraternity; and they are said to be of the
+same sort. This prophecy therefore becomes parallel to that which has just
+been examined. The fall of Babylon prepares the popular churches for
+Spiritualism. Here the practice of these sins in the churches, makes them
+of the same sort with Spiritualists, so that they fraternize well
+together. Jannes and Jambres withstood Moses by the wonders they were able
+to perform; so these will resist the truth through the wonders of
+Spiritualism. And this is in the last days where we now are. So Babylon's
+fall just precedes the coming of Christ.
+
+9. Rev. 16:14: "For they are the spirits of devils, working miracles,
+which go forth unto the kings of the earth and of the whole world, to
+gather them to the battle of that great day of God Almighty."
+
+The work of the spirits reaches its climax in the scene here brought to
+view. Their last mission is to go to the kings of the earth to gather them
+to the battle of that great day of God Almighty. In this conflict, so far
+as this earth is concerned, the great controversy between Christ and Satan
+closes in the triumph of Him who rides forth on a white horse at the head
+of the white-horsed armies of heaven. The beast and false prophet are
+hurled into a lake of fire, and the remnant, the kings of the earth and
+their armies, are slain by the sword of him upon whose vesture is
+inscribed the all-conquering title, "King of kings and Lord of lords."
+Rev. 19:11-21.
+
+But before these spirits can thus influence the kings of the earth, they
+must make their way to them and bring them under their control. They have
+already shown great facility in this work, giving promise of what they
+will be able to do in the near future. A work by Hudson Tuttle, "What Is
+Spiritualism?" p. 6, names the following among the late and living crowned
+heads, nobility, etc., who have been supporters of Spiritualism:--
+
+
+    "Emperor Alexander, of Russia; Louis Napoleon, of France; Queen
+    Victoria, of England; Prince and Princess Metternich; Prince
+    Wittgenstein, Lieutenant Aide-de-camp to the emperor of Russia;
+    Hon. Alexander Axahof, Russian Imperial Councilor, St. Petersburg,
+    Russia; Baron Guldenstuble, of Paris; Baron Von Schick, of
+    Austria; Baron Von Dirkinck, of Holmfield, Holstein; Le Comte de
+    Bullet, of Paris; Duke of Leuchtenberg, of Germany. Of England
+    there are Lord Lyndhurst, Lord Lindsay, Lord Adare, Lord Dunraven,
+    Sir W. Trevilyan, Countess Carthness, Sir T. Willshire, Lady
+    Cowper, Sir Charles Napier, Sir Charles Isham, Bart., Colonel E.
+    B. Wilbraham, of the English army," etc.
+
+
+The late Alexander III, of Russia, and the queen of Spain are also
+reckoned among the number. Thus, so far as the agency of the spirits is
+concerned, there is nothing in the way of the speedy fulfilment of Rev.
+16:14.
+
+
+
+
+
+CONCLUSION.
+
+
+The reader now has before him, in brief, the main outlines of this
+momentous subject.
+
+1. Spiritualism, so far as its phenomena are concerned, is not humbug and
+trickery, but a real manifestation of power and intelligence.
+
+2. But the marvels and wonders are not performed by the spirits of the
+dead.
+
+3. Evil spirits step in and counterfeit what are supposed to be the
+spirits of the dead, in which men have been taught to believe, simulating
+points of identity to any minute particular that may be required.
+
+4. Besides starting on this false assumption, all their teaching shows
+that they are agents of evil, not of good, and their work is to degrade,
+not elevate.
+
+5. The world by long resistance of the truth, has prepared the way for
+this deception, which the spirit that worketh in the children of
+disobedience is not slow to improve.
+
+6. Even the churches of Christ, by rejection of the truth, are preparing
+themselves for the same snare.
+
+7. The Scriptures have plainly pointed out this great outbreak of the
+working of Satan, and invariably connected it with the last days and the
+second coming of Christ.
+
+8. Spiritualism is thus a subject of prophecy, and an infallible sign and
+precursor of the soon-coming end.
+
+9. The great day of the Lord is near and hasteth greatly; and all things
+now call upon all men to prepare for its eternal decisions.
+
+Is this the lesson? Who will heed it and thus escape the delusions and
+perils of these last days, and be finally saved in the kingdom of heaven?
+
+
+
+
+
+INDEX OF AUTHORS REFERRED TO.
+
+
+Alexander, Emperor, 146
+
+Axahof, Hon. Alexander, 146
+
+Adare, Lord, 146
+
+Alexander III., 146
+
+Bellachini, Mr., 14
+
+Barrett, Dr. W. F., 15
+
+Bright, John, 30
+
+Buddha, 86, 87, 88
+
+Brittan, Professor, 111
+
+Brooklyn, May, 128
+
+Channing, Dr., 4
+
+Cook, Joseph, 12
+
+Crookes, Professor, 17
+
+Crookes, Wm., F. R. S., 29
+
+Clarke, Dr. Adam, 50, 56, 91, 92
+
+Carey, Alice, 78
+
+Confucius, 86, 88
+
+Conant, Mrs., 90, 119
+
+Curry, Dr., 56, 92
+
+Claflin, Mr., 109
+
+Carter, Judge, 113
+
+Campbell, Alexander, 143
+
+Carthness, Countess, 146
+
+Cowper, Lady, 146
+
+Dixon, Hepworth, 28
+
+Davis, A. J., 29, 97, 100, 105, 112, 114, 118
+
+Davenport, Messrs., 29
+
+Dow, Lorenzo, 143
+
+Dunraven, Lord, 146
+
+De Bullet, Le Compte, 146
+
+Eglinton, Mr., 13
+
+Edmunds, Judge, 28, 117, 118
+
+Fox, John D., 18
+
+Fox, Mrs., 18, 19, 20, 21
+
+Fox, Margaret, 18, 20, 22
+
+Fox, Kate, 18, 19, 20
+
+Fox, David, 18
+
+Fox, Mary, 21
+
+Fox, Catharine, 22
+
+Franklin, Benjamin, 85
+
+Geary, Mr., 13
+
+Glanvil, Mr., 20
+
+Gridley, Dr., 114, 115
+
+Guldenstuble, Baron, 146
+
+Hazard, Thos. R., 11
+
+Harrison, W. H., F. R. S., 29
+
+Home, Mr., 29
+
+Hendricks, Mrs., 31
+
+Hatch, Mrs. C. L. V., 83, 106
+
+Hare, Dr., 84, 85, 89, 92, 99
+
+Harris, "Rev." T. L., 94
+
+Hall, Hon. J. B., 101
+
+Hatch, Dr., 106
+
+Hudson, T. J., 17, 57, 74, 109, 111
+
+Hull, Moses, 109
+
+Hobart, Mr., 122
+
+Isham, Sir Charles, 146
+
+Jamieson, W. F., 109, 113
+
+Jaubert, M., 126
+
+Keller, Harvy, 13
+
+Krishna, 87
+
+Keck, Professor, 127
+
+Lillie, J. T., 21
+
+Loveland, J. S., 97
+
+Lull, Miss A. L., 125
+
+Lillie, Mrs. R. S., 127
+
+Leuchtenberg, Duke, 146
+
+Lyndhurst, Lord, 146
+
+Lindsay, Lord, 146
+
+Mompesson, Mr., 20
+
+Milton, John, 40
+
+Mohammed, 87, 88
+
+Massey, Gerald, 114
+
+Mahan, Pres., 121
+
+Metternich, Prince, 146
+
+Metternich, Princess, 146
+
+Norton, Deacon John, 89
+
+Napoleon, Louis, 146
+
+Napier, Sir Charles, 146
+
+Owen, Robert Dale, 18, 19
+
+Olshausen, Dr., 56
+
+Orton, Mr., 84
+
+Origen, 141
+
+Putnam, Allen, 75
+
+Paine, Thomas, 85, 87
+
+Potter, Dr. William B., 107
+
+Parker, Theodore, 114
+
+Queen of Spain, 146
+
+Redfield, Mrs., 21
+
+Randolph, Dr. B. P., 104, 105, 112, 128
+
+Richmond, Mrs. Cora L. V., 126
+
+Slade, Mr., 14
+
+Savage, M. J., 15, 22, 24, 25, 32
+
+Stead, W. T., 31
+
+Stanford, Leland, 31
+
+Tiffany, Joel, 90
+
+Tuttle, Hudson, 113, 116, 146
+
+Trevilyan, Sir W., 146
+
+Underhill, Leah Fox, 21
+
+Underwood, Mrs. S. A., 26, 80, 123
+
+Vinet, Dr., 5
+
+Victoria, Queen, 146
+
+Von Schick, Baron, 146
+
+Von Dirkinck, Baron, 146
+
+Wesley, Mr., 20
+
+Wood, Rev. J. G., 26
+
+Wallace, Alfred R. F. R. S., 29, 30
+
+Weisse, Dr., 84
+
+Washington, George, 85, 114
+
+Wilson, R. P., 88
+
+Whitney, J. F., 105
+
+Woodhull, Mrs., 109
+
+Wilson, James Victor, 112, 113
+
+Webster, Professor, 118
+
+Watson, Dr., 125
+
+Wittgenstein, Prince, 146
+
+Willshire, Sir T., 146
+
+Wilbraham, Col. E. B., 146
+
+Zoellner, Professor, 12, 13
+
+Zoroaster, 68, 88
+
+
+
+
+
+INDEX OF BOOKS, PAPERS, ETC., QUOTED.
+
+
+Automatic or Spirit Writing, 15, 26, 80, 86, 98, 111, 119, 120, 121, 123,
+124, 133
+
+_Arena_, The, 15
+
+Astounding Facts from the Spirit World, 114
+
+_Banner of Light_, 21, 78, 79, 83, 84, 86, 89, 90, 97, 101, 119, 123, 125,
+126, 127
+
+_Christian at Work_, The, 29, 30
+
+_Chronicle_, San Francisco 29
+
+Century Dictionary, 35
+
+_Christian Reformer_, The, 129
+
+Declaration of Principles of the Spiritualists, 102, 125
+
+Dealings with the Dead, 104, 112, 123
+
+Death and the After Life, 118
+
+Discussion with Tiffany and Rhen, 121
+
+_Forum_, The, 16, 22
+
+Footfalls on the Boundary of Another World, 18
+
+_Fortnightly Review_, 29, 30
+
+Home Circle, 14
+
+Healing of the Nations, 96, 97, 99, 102
+
+_Herald_, Boston, 130
+
+Kojiki Nohonki, 132
+
+Koran, 132
+
+Kan-Ying-Peen, 132
+
+Law of Physic Phenomena, 17, 57, 74, 109, 111
+
+Life in Two Spheres, 113, 116
+
+Law Books of Manu, 132
+
+Mesmerism, Spiritualism, Witchcraft, and Miracles, 75
+
+_North American_, Philadelphia, 11
+
+Nineteenth Century Miracles, 13, 126
+
+Nature of Divine Revelation, 97
+
+Paradise Lost, 40
+
+_Pathfinder_, New York, 105
+
+Purana, 132
+
+_Quarterly Journal of Science_, 29
+
+_Religio-Philosophical Journal_, 14, 28, 80, 125
+
+Report of the 37th Anniversary of Modern Spiritualism, 21
+
+_Review of Reviews_, 31
+
+_Record_, Philadelphia, 128
+
+_Spiritual Clarion_, 14
+
+_Spiritual Telegraph_, 83, 96, 122
+
+Spiritual Science Demonstrated, 89, 92
+
+Spiritualism as It Is, 107, 108, 123
+
+Spiritualism 118
+
+Shaster, 132
+
+_The Border Land_, 31
+
+Treatise on Christian Doctrine, 40
+
+_Truth Seeker_, 83
+
+Telegraphic Answer to Mahan, 111
+
+The Diakka and their Earthly Victims, 112, 113
+
+_Tribune_, Chicago, 128, 129
+
+Tao-Te-King, 132
+
+Tripitaka, 132
+
+Veda, 132
+
+_World_, New York, 30
+
+What Is Spiritualism, 146
+
+Zend Avesta, 132
+
+
+
+
+
+INDEX OF TEXTS OF SCRIPTURE ILLUSTRATED OR EXPLAINED.
+
+
+GENESIS.
+  1:1-5, 93
+  1:28, 68
+  2:2, 46
+  2:7, 45
+  3:4, 39
+  4:10, 52
+  7:21, 22, 45
+  35:18, 61
+
+LEVITICUS.
+  19:31, 36, 53
+
+NUMBERS.
+  16:22, 48, 50
+  27:16, 50
+
+DEUTERONOMY.
+  13:1-3, 5, 77
+  18:9-12, 36
+
+1 SAMUEL.
+  Chap. 28, 52, 53
+
+1 KINGS.
+  4:1, 73
+  17:21, 22, 61
+
+2 KINGS.
+  19:35, 72
+  21:2, 6, 9, 11, 36
+
+JOB.
+  7:21, 62
+  14:21, 63
+  19:25-27, 93
+  34: 14, 15, 45
+
+PSALMS.
+  6:5, 63
+  13:3, 62
+  17:15, 93
+  115:17, 63
+  119:105, 131
+  146:3, 4, 62
+
+ECCLESIASTES.
+  3:19, 21, 45
+  8:11, 101
+  9:5, 6, 10, 43
+  12:7, 44, 45
+
+ISAIAH.
+  5:20, 101
+  8:19, 74
+  8:19, 20, 75, 133
+  14:12-14, 67
+  26:19, 93
+  38:1, 5, 18, 19, 63
+  61:1, 50
+
+EZEKIEL.
+  18:20, 97
+  28:, 67
+  28:2, 12-15, 68
+  37:12, 93
+
+DANIEL.
+  11:2, 93
+
+HOSEA.
+  13:14, 93
+
+HABAKKUK.
+  2:11, 52
+
+MATTHEW.
+  10:28, 50, 51, 52
+  10:39, 51
+  15:13, 9
+  17:3, 56
+  22:23-28, 32, 61
+  24:23-35, 135
+  24:24, 83, 134
+  24:30, 31, 58
+  25:32, 33, 97
+  27:18, 85
+  28:3, 4, 72
+
+LUKE.
+  10:18, 71
+  14:14, 64
+  16:, 57
+  19:35, 64
+  23:39-43, 58, 59
+
+JOHN.
+  3:6, 46
+  3:19-21, 109
+  6:39,40, 64
+  6:40, 51
+  8:44, 67
+  11:11, 62
+  11:25, 55
+  14:30, 68
+  19:31-33, 60
+  20:17, 59
+
+ACTS.
+  7:60, 62
+  16:16-18, 36
+  17:31, 64
+  26:23, 57
+
+ROMANS.
+  2:15, 95
+  4:17, 61
+  6:16, 68
+  6:23, 97
+
+1 CORINTHIANS.
+  11:30, 62
+  15:, 92
+  15:18, 64
+  15:51, 62
+  15:51-54, 61
+
+2 CORINTHIANS.
+  4:4, 68
+  5:2, 61
+  12:2-4, 59
+
+GALATIANS.
+  5:19-21, 36
+
+EPHESIANS.
+  2:2, 68
+  6:11, 72
+  6:12, 73
+
+PHILIPPIANS.
+  3:11, 61
+  1:23, 61
+
+1 THESSALONIANS.
+  4:14, 62
+  4:15-17, 58, 61
+  5:23, 48
+
+2 THESSALONIANS.
+  2:8,9, 139
+  2:9-12, 138
+
+1 TIMOTHY.
+  1:17, 42
+  3:6, 67
+  4:1, 73, 88
+  6:16 42
+
+2 TIMOTHY.
+  3:8, 144
+  4:1, 8, 64
+  4:1, 10-12, 139
+
+HEBREWS.
+  2:14, 55
+  10:25-29, 135
+  11:15, 16, 61
+  11:40, 48
+  12:9, 23, 50
+  12:23, 47, 50
+
+JAMES.
+  4:6-8, 72
+
+1 PETER.
+  1:11, 49
+  3:19, 48
+  3:20, 49
+  5:8, 9, 73
+
+2 PETER.
+  1:16-18, 56
+  1:19, 131
+  2:4, 66, 72
+  3:7, 13, 72
+
+1 JOHN.
+  2:22, 87
+  2:23, 83
+  4:1, 16-18, 134
+  4:3, 88
+  5:18, 72
+
+JUDE.
+  Verse 4, 88
+  " 6, 66
+  " 9, 55
+
+REVELATION.
+  2:7, 59
+  5:13, 72
+  6:9-11, 52
+  12:3, 4, 137
+  12:7, 71
+  12:12, 135
+  13:1-10, 137
+  13:11, 13, 14, 136
+  13:11-17, 138
+  14:1-5, 138
+  14:8, 144
+  16:13, 14, 75, 138
+  16:14, 145, 146
+  17:5, 142
+  18:2, 140
+  18:2, 4, 5, 144
+  19:11-21, 145
+  19:20, 138
+  20:4-6, 51
+  20:14, 15, 72
+  21:8, 36, 93
+  22:1, 2, 59
+  22:15, 93
+
+
+
+
+
+
+FOOTNOTES
+
+
+    1 Original edition.
+
+    2 Original edition. Not found in the mutilated edition, revised by Dr.
+      Curry.
+
+    3 The revision of Dr. Clarke's Commentary by Dr. Curry, proves the
+      truthfulness of what the doctor here says, for this important
+      passage is entirely eliminated, and its place filled with statements
+      which Dr. Clarke did not make, and sentiments which he did not
+      believe. It is no less than a crime to treat a dead man's work in
+      this manner.
+
+    4 For a full argument on this point, fortified by testimony, the
+      application of which is beyond question, see works treating on the
+      United States as a subject of prophecy, for sale by the
+      International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.
+
+    5 See works on the three messages of Revelation 14, for sale by the
+      International Tract Society, Battle Creek, Mich.
+
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MODERN SPIRITUALISM***
+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
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author	Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>	2025-10-15 02:34:09 -0700
committer	Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>	2025-10-15 02:34:09 -0700
commit	1cd6106e63c52dd2dbe568ef9684c48f059e34fd (patch)
tree	65f5809cd2863829dbb5b369955fb899abec7c87